]> git.openstreetmap.org Git - rails.git/blobdiff - vendor/assets/iD/iD.js
Update to iD v2.20.4
[rails.git] / vendor / assets / iD / iD.js
index 337d13faeee6fac0b5b19e5de225941960f4696f..088e252a260e8bc791ff56df4edb2d3930f0ca78 100644 (file)
 (function () {
+
        var commonjsGlobal = typeof globalThis !== 'undefined' ? globalThis : typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : typeof global !== 'undefined' ? global : typeof self !== 'undefined' ? self : {};
 
-       function createCommonjsModule(fn, basedir, module) {
-               return module = {
-                 path: basedir,
-                 exports: {},
-                 require: function (path, base) {
-             return commonjsRequire(path, (base === undefined || base === null) ? module.path : base);
-           }
-               }, fn(module, module.exports), module.exports;
-       }
+       var check = function (it) {
+         return it && it.Math == Math && it;
+       };
 
-       function getCjsExportFromNamespace (n) {
-               return n && n['default'] || n;
-       }
+       // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/86#issuecomment-115759028
+       var global$1o =
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-global-this -- safe
+         check(typeof globalThis == 'object' && globalThis) ||
+         check(typeof window == 'object' && window) ||
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-globals -- safe
+         check(typeof self == 'object' && self) ||
+         check(typeof commonjsGlobal == 'object' && commonjsGlobal) ||
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-new-func -- fallback
+         (function () { return this; })() || Function('return this')();
 
-       function commonjsRequire () {
-               throw new Error('Dynamic requires are not currently supported by @rollup/plugin-commonjs');
-       }
+       var objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor = {};
 
-       var isImplemented = function () {
-               var set, iterator, result;
-               if (typeof Set !== 'function') return false;
-               set = new Set(['raz', 'dwa', 'trzy']);
-               if (String(set) !== '[object Set]') return false;
-               if (set.size !== 3) return false;
-               if (typeof set.add !== 'function') return false;
-               if (typeof set.clear !== 'function') return false;
-               if (typeof set.delete !== 'function') return false;
-               if (typeof set.entries !== 'function') return false;
-               if (typeof set.forEach !== 'function') return false;
-               if (typeof set.has !== 'function') return false;
-               if (typeof set.keys !== 'function') return false;
-               if (typeof set.values !== 'function') return false;
+       var fails$V = function (exec) {
+         try {
+           return !!exec();
+         } catch (error) {
+           return true;
+         }
+       };
 
-               iterator = set.values();
-               result = iterator.next();
-               if (result.done !== false) return false;
-               if (result.value !== 'raz') return false;
+       var fails$U = fails$V;
 
-               return true;
-       };
+       // Detect IE8's incomplete defineProperty implementation
+       var descriptors = !fails$U(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-defineproperty -- required for testing
+         return Object.defineProperty({}, 1, { get: function () { return 7; } })[1] != 7;
+       });
 
-       // eslint-disable-next-line no-empty-function
-       var noop = function () {};
+       var fails$T = fails$V;
 
-       var _undefined = noop(); // Support ES3 engines
+       var functionBindNative = !fails$T(function () {
+         var test = (function () { /* empty */ }).bind();
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-prototype-builtins -- safe
+         return typeof test != 'function' || test.hasOwnProperty('prototype');
+       });
 
-       var isValue = function (val) { return val !== _undefined && val !== null; };
+       var NATIVE_BIND$4 = functionBindNative;
 
-       var validValue = function (value) {
-               if (!isValue(value)) throw new TypeError("Cannot use null or undefined");
-               return value;
-       };
+       var call$q = Function.prototype.call;
 
-       var clear = function () {
-               validValue(this).length = 0;
-               return this;
+       var functionCall = NATIVE_BIND$4 ? call$q.bind(call$q) : function () {
+         return call$q.apply(call$q, arguments);
        };
 
-       var isImplemented$1 = function () {
-               var numberIsNaN = Number.isNaN;
-               if (typeof numberIsNaN !== "function") return false;
-               return !numberIsNaN({}) && numberIsNaN(NaN) && !numberIsNaN(34);
-       };
+       var objectPropertyIsEnumerable = {};
 
-       var shim = function (value) {
-               // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare
-               return value !== value;
-       };
+       var $propertyIsEnumerable$2 = {}.propertyIsEnumerable;
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertydescriptor -- safe
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor$5 = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;
 
-       var isNan = isImplemented$1() ? Number.isNaN : shim;
+       // Nashorn ~ JDK8 bug
+       var NASHORN_BUG = getOwnPropertyDescriptor$5 && !$propertyIsEnumerable$2.call({ 1: 2 }, 1);
 
-       var isImplemented$2 = function () {
-               var sign = Math.sign;
-               if (typeof sign !== "function") return false;
-               return sign(10) === 1 && sign(-20) === -1;
+       // `Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.prototype.propertyisenumerable
+       objectPropertyIsEnumerable.f = NASHORN_BUG ? function propertyIsEnumerable(V) {
+         var descriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptor$5(this, V);
+         return !!descriptor && descriptor.enumerable;
+       } : $propertyIsEnumerable$2;
+
+       var createPropertyDescriptor$7 = function (bitmap, value) {
+         return {
+           enumerable: !(bitmap & 1),
+           configurable: !(bitmap & 2),
+           writable: !(bitmap & 4),
+           value: value
+         };
        };
 
-       var shim$1 = function (value) {
-               value = Number(value);
-               if (isNaN(value) || value === 0) return value;
-               return value > 0 ? 1 : -1;
+       var NATIVE_BIND$3 = functionBindNative;
+
+       var FunctionPrototype$3 = Function.prototype;
+       var bind$g = FunctionPrototype$3.bind;
+       var call$p = FunctionPrototype$3.call;
+       var uncurryThis$Y = NATIVE_BIND$3 && bind$g.bind(call$p, call$p);
+
+       var functionUncurryThis = NATIVE_BIND$3 ? function (fn) {
+         return fn && uncurryThis$Y(fn);
+       } : function (fn) {
+         return fn && function () {
+           return call$p.apply(fn, arguments);
+         };
        };
 
-       var sign = isImplemented$2() ? Math.sign : shim$1;
+       var uncurryThis$X = functionUncurryThis;
 
-       var abs   = Math.abs
-         , floor = Math.floor;
+       var toString$n = uncurryThis$X({}.toString);
+       var stringSlice$c = uncurryThis$X(''.slice);
 
-       var toInteger = function (value) {
-               if (isNaN(value)) return 0;
-               value = Number(value);
-               if (value === 0 || !isFinite(value)) return value;
-               return sign(value) * floor(abs(value));
+       var classofRaw$1 = function (it) {
+         return stringSlice$c(toString$n(it), 8, -1);
        };
 
-       var max       = Math.max;
+       var global$1n = global$1o;
+       var uncurryThis$W = functionUncurryThis;
+       var fails$S = fails$V;
+       var classof$e = classofRaw$1;
 
-       var toPosInteger = function (value) { return max(0, toInteger(value)); };
+       var Object$5 = global$1n.Object;
+       var split$4 = uncurryThis$W(''.split);
 
-       var indexOf           = Array.prototype.indexOf
-         , objHasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty
-         , abs$1               = Math.abs
-         , floor$1             = Math.floor;
+       // fallback for non-array-like ES3 and non-enumerable old V8 strings
+       var indexedObject = fails$S(function () {
+         // throws an error in rhino, see https://github.com/mozilla/rhino/issues/346
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-prototype-builtins -- safe
+         return !Object$5('z').propertyIsEnumerable(0);
+       }) ? function (it) {
+         return classof$e(it) == 'String' ? split$4(it, '') : Object$5(it);
+       } : Object$5;
 
-       var eIndexOf = function (searchElement/*, fromIndex*/) {
-               var i, length, fromIndex, val;
-               if (!isNan(searchElement)) return indexOf.apply(this, arguments);
+       var global$1m = global$1o;
 
-               length = toPosInteger(validValue(this).length);
-               fromIndex = arguments[1];
-               if (isNaN(fromIndex)) fromIndex = 0;
-               else if (fromIndex >= 0) fromIndex = floor$1(fromIndex);
-               else fromIndex = toPosInteger(this.length) - floor$1(abs$1(fromIndex));
+       var TypeError$p = global$1m.TypeError;
 
-               for (i = fromIndex; i < length; ++i) {
-                       if (objHasOwnProperty.call(this, i)) {
-                               val = this[i];
-                               if (isNan(val)) return i; // Jslint: ignore
-                       }
-               }
-               return -1;
+       // `RequireObjectCoercible` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-requireobjectcoercible
+       var requireObjectCoercible$e = function (it) {
+         if (it == undefined) throw TypeError$p("Can't call method on " + it);
+         return it;
        };
 
-       var create = Object.create, getPrototypeOf = Object.getPrototypeOf, plainObject = {};
+       // toObject with fallback for non-array-like ES3 strings
+       var IndexedObject$4 = indexedObject;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$d = requireObjectCoercible$e;
 
-       var isImplemented$3 = function (/* CustomCreate*/) {
-               var setPrototypeOf = Object.setPrototypeOf, customCreate = arguments[0] || create;
-               if (typeof setPrototypeOf !== "function") return false;
-               return getPrototypeOf(setPrototypeOf(customCreate(null), plainObject)) === plainObject;
+       var toIndexedObject$d = function (it) {
+         return IndexedObject$4(requireObjectCoercible$d(it));
        };
 
-       var map = { function: true, object: true };
-
-       var isObject = function (value) { return (isValue(value) && map[typeof value]) || false; };
-
-       var create$1 = Object.create, shim$2;
-
-       if (!isImplemented$3()) {
-               shim$2 = shim$3;
-       }
-
-       var create_1 = (function () {
-               var nullObject, polyProps, desc;
-               if (!shim$2) return create$1;
-               if (shim$2.level !== 1) return create$1;
-
-               nullObject = {};
-               polyProps = {};
-               desc = { configurable: false, enumerable: false, writable: true, value: undefined };
-               Object.getOwnPropertyNames(Object.prototype).forEach(function (name) {
-                       if (name === "__proto__") {
-                               polyProps[name] = {
-                                       configurable: true,
-                                       enumerable: false,
-                                       writable: true,
-                                       value: undefined
-                               };
-                               return;
-                       }
-                       polyProps[name] = desc;
-               });
-               Object.defineProperties(nullObject, polyProps);
-
-               Object.defineProperty(shim$2, "nullPolyfill", {
-                       configurable: false,
-                       enumerable: false,
-                       writable: false,
-                       value: nullObject
-               });
-
-               return function (prototype, props) {
-                       return create$1(prototype === null ? nullObject : prototype, props);
-               };
-       })();
+       // `IsCallable` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-iscallable
+       var isCallable$r = function (argument) {
+         return typeof argument == 'function';
+       };
 
-       var objIsPrototypeOf = Object.prototype.isPrototypeOf
-         , defineProperty   = Object.defineProperty
-         , nullDesc         = { configurable: true, enumerable: false, writable: true, value: undefined }
-         , validate;
+       var isCallable$q = isCallable$r;
 
-       validate = function (obj, prototype) {
-               validValue(obj);
-               if (prototype === null || isObject(prototype)) return obj;
-               throw new TypeError("Prototype must be null or an object");
+       var isObject$s = function (it) {
+         return typeof it == 'object' ? it !== null : isCallable$q(it);
        };
 
-       var shim$3 = (function (status) {
-               var fn, set;
-               if (!status) return null;
-               if (status.level === 2) {
-                       if (status.set) {
-                               set = status.set;
-                               fn = function (obj, prototype) {
-                                       set.call(validate(obj, prototype), prototype);
-                                       return obj;
-                               };
-                       } else {
-                               fn = function (obj, prototype) {
-                                       validate(obj, prototype).__proto__ = prototype;
-                                       return obj;
-                               };
-                       }
-               } else {
-                       fn = function self(obj, prototype) {
-                               var isNullBase;
-                               validate(obj, prototype);
-                               isNullBase = objIsPrototypeOf.call(self.nullPolyfill, obj);
-                               if (isNullBase) delete self.nullPolyfill.__proto__;
-                               if (prototype === null) prototype = self.nullPolyfill;
-                               obj.__proto__ = prototype;
-                               if (isNullBase) defineProperty(self.nullPolyfill, "__proto__", nullDesc);
-                               return obj;
-                       };
-               }
-               return Object.defineProperty(fn, "level", {
-                       configurable: false,
-                       enumerable: false,
-                       writable: false,
-                       value: status.level
-               });
-       })(
-               (function () {
-                       var tmpObj1 = Object.create(null)
-                         , tmpObj2 = {}
-                         , set
-                         , desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Object.prototype, "__proto__");
-
-                       if (desc) {
-                               try {
-                                       set = desc.set; // Opera crashes at this point
-                                       set.call(tmpObj1, tmpObj2);
-                               } catch (ignore) {}
-                               if (Object.getPrototypeOf(tmpObj1) === tmpObj2) return { set: set, level: 2 };
-                       }
-
-                       tmpObj1.__proto__ = tmpObj2;
-                       if (Object.getPrototypeOf(tmpObj1) === tmpObj2) return { level: 2 };
-
-                       tmpObj1 = {};
-                       tmpObj1.__proto__ = tmpObj2;
-                       if (Object.getPrototypeOf(tmpObj1) === tmpObj2) return { level: 1 };
-
-                       return false;
-               })()
-       );
-
-       var setPrototypeOf = isImplemented$3() ? Object.setPrototypeOf : shim$3;
-
-       var validCallable = function (fn) {
-               if (typeof fn !== "function") throw new TypeError(fn + " is not a function");
-               return fn;
+       var global$1l = global$1o;
+       var isCallable$p = isCallable$r;
+
+       var aFunction = function (argument) {
+         return isCallable$p(argument) ? argument : undefined;
        };
 
-       // ES3 safe
-       var _undefined$1 = void 0;
+       var getBuiltIn$b = function (namespace, method) {
+         return arguments.length < 2 ? aFunction(global$1l[namespace]) : global$1l[namespace] && global$1l[namespace][method];
+       };
 
-       var is = function (value) { return value !== _undefined$1 && value !== null; };
+       var uncurryThis$V = functionUncurryThis;
 
-       // prettier-ignore
-       var possibleTypes = { "object": true, "function": true, "undefined": true /* document.all */ };
+       var objectIsPrototypeOf = uncurryThis$V({}.isPrototypeOf);
 
-       var is$1 = function (value) {
-               if (!is(value)) return false;
-               return hasOwnProperty.call(possibleTypes, typeof value);
-       };
+       var getBuiltIn$a = getBuiltIn$b;
 
-       var is$2 = function (value) {
-               if (!is$1(value)) return false;
-               try {
-                       if (!value.constructor) return false;
-                       return value.constructor.prototype === value;
-               } catch (error) {
-                       return false;
-               }
-       };
+       var engineUserAgent = getBuiltIn$a('navigator', 'userAgent') || '';
 
-       var is$3 = function (value) {
-               if (typeof value !== "function") return false;
+       var global$1k = global$1o;
+       var userAgent$7 = engineUserAgent;
 
-               if (!hasOwnProperty.call(value, "length")) return false;
+       var process$4 = global$1k.process;
+       var Deno = global$1k.Deno;
+       var versions = process$4 && process$4.versions || Deno && Deno.version;
+       var v8 = versions && versions.v8;
+       var match, version$1;
 
-               try {
-                       if (typeof value.length !== "number") return false;
-                       if (typeof value.call !== "function") return false;
-                       if (typeof value.apply !== "function") return false;
-               } catch (error) {
-                       return false;
-               }
+       if (v8) {
+         match = v8.split('.');
+         // in old Chrome, versions of V8 isn't V8 = Chrome / 10
+         // but their correct versions are not interesting for us
+         version$1 = match[0] > 0 && match[0] < 4 ? 1 : +(match[0] + match[1]);
+       }
 
-               return !is$2(value);
-       };
+       // BrowserFS NodeJS `process` polyfill incorrectly set `.v8` to `0.0`
+       // so check `userAgent` even if `.v8` exists, but 0
+       if (!version$1 && userAgent$7) {
+         match = userAgent$7.match(/Edge\/(\d+)/);
+         if (!match || match[1] >= 74) {
+           match = userAgent$7.match(/Chrome\/(\d+)/);
+           if (match) version$1 = +match[1];
+         }
+       }
 
-       var classRe = /^\s*class[\s{/}]/, functionToString = Function.prototype.toString;
+       var engineV8Version = version$1;
 
-       var is$4 = function (value) {
-               if (!is$3(value)) return false;
-               if (classRe.test(functionToString.call(value))) return false;
-               return true;
-       };
+       /* eslint-disable es/no-symbol -- required for testing */
 
-       var isImplemented$4 = function () {
-               var assign = Object.assign, obj;
-               if (typeof assign !== "function") return false;
-               obj = { foo: "raz" };
-               assign(obj, { bar: "dwa" }, { trzy: "trzy" });
-               return obj.foo + obj.bar + obj.trzy === "razdwatrzy";
-       };
+       var V8_VERSION$3 = engineV8Version;
+       var fails$R = fails$V;
 
-       var isImplemented$5 = function () {
-               try {
-                       Object.keys("primitive");
-                       return true;
-               } catch (e) {
-                       return false;
-               }
-       };
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertysymbols -- required for testing
+       var nativeSymbol = !!Object.getOwnPropertySymbols && !fails$R(function () {
+         var symbol = Symbol();
+         // Chrome 38 Symbol has incorrect toString conversion
+         // `get-own-property-symbols` polyfill symbols converted to object are not Symbol instances
+         return !String(symbol) || !(Object(symbol) instanceof Symbol) ||
+           // Chrome 38-40 symbols are not inherited from DOM collections prototypes to instances
+           !Symbol.sham && V8_VERSION$3 && V8_VERSION$3 < 41;
+       });
 
-       var keys = Object.keys;
-
-       var shim$4 = function (object) { return keys(isValue(object) ? Object(object) : object); };
-
-       var keys$1 = isImplemented$5() ? Object.keys : shim$4;
-
-       var max$1   = Math.max;
-
-       var shim$5 = function (dest, src/*, …srcn*/) {
-               var error, i, length = max$1(arguments.length, 2), assign;
-               dest = Object(validValue(dest));
-               assign = function (key) {
-                       try {
-                               dest[key] = src[key];
-                       } catch (e) {
-                               if (!error) error = e;
-                       }
-               };
-               for (i = 1; i < length; ++i) {
-                       src = arguments[i];
-                       keys$1(src).forEach(assign);
-               }
-               if (error !== undefined) throw error;
-               return dest;
-       };
+       /* eslint-disable es/no-symbol -- required for testing */
+
+       var NATIVE_SYMBOL$3 = nativeSymbol;
 
-       var assign = isImplemented$4() ? Object.assign : shim$5;
+       var useSymbolAsUid = NATIVE_SYMBOL$3
+         && !Symbol.sham
+         && typeof Symbol.iterator == 'symbol';
 
-       var forEach = Array.prototype.forEach, create$2 = Object.create;
+       var global$1j = global$1o;
+       var getBuiltIn$9 = getBuiltIn$b;
+       var isCallable$o = isCallable$r;
+       var isPrototypeOf$9 = objectIsPrototypeOf;
+       var USE_SYMBOL_AS_UID$1 = useSymbolAsUid;
 
-       var process$1 = function (src, obj) {
-               var key;
-               for (key in src) obj[key] = src[key];
+       var Object$4 = global$1j.Object;
+
+       var isSymbol$6 = USE_SYMBOL_AS_UID$1 ? function (it) {
+         return typeof it == 'symbol';
+       } : function (it) {
+         var $Symbol = getBuiltIn$9('Symbol');
+         return isCallable$o($Symbol) && isPrototypeOf$9($Symbol.prototype, Object$4(it));
        };
 
-       // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
-       var normalizeOptions = function (opts1/*, …options*/) {
-               var result = create$2(null);
-               forEach.call(arguments, function (options) {
-                       if (!isValue(options)) return;
-                       process$1(Object(options), result);
-               });
-               return result;
+       var global$1i = global$1o;
+
+       var String$6 = global$1i.String;
+
+       var tryToString$5 = function (argument) {
+         try {
+           return String$6(argument);
+         } catch (error) {
+           return 'Object';
+         }
        };
 
-       var str = "razdwatrzy";
+       var global$1h = global$1o;
+       var isCallable$n = isCallable$r;
+       var tryToString$4 = tryToString$5;
+
+       var TypeError$o = global$1h.TypeError;
 
-       var isImplemented$6 = function () {
-               if (typeof str.contains !== "function") return false;
-               return str.contains("dwa") === true && str.contains("foo") === false;
+       // `Assert: IsCallable(argument) is true`
+       var aCallable$a = function (argument) {
+         if (isCallable$n(argument)) return argument;
+         throw TypeError$o(tryToString$4(argument) + ' is not a function');
        };
 
-       var indexOf$1 = String.prototype.indexOf;
+       var aCallable$9 = aCallable$a;
 
-       var shim$6 = function (searchString/*, position*/) {
-               return indexOf$1.call(this, searchString, arguments[1]) > -1;
+       // `GetMethod` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-getmethod
+       var getMethod$7 = function (V, P) {
+         var func = V[P];
+         return func == null ? undefined : aCallable$9(func);
        };
 
-       var contains = isImplemented$6() ? String.prototype.contains : shim$6;
+       var global$1g = global$1o;
+       var call$o = functionCall;
+       var isCallable$m = isCallable$r;
+       var isObject$r = isObject$s;
 
-       var d_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
+       var TypeError$n = global$1g.TypeError;
 
+       // `OrdinaryToPrimitive` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-ordinarytoprimitive
+       var ordinaryToPrimitive$1 = function (input, pref) {
+         var fn, val;
+         if (pref === 'string' && isCallable$m(fn = input.toString) && !isObject$r(val = call$o(fn, input))) return val;
+         if (isCallable$m(fn = input.valueOf) && !isObject$r(val = call$o(fn, input))) return val;
+         if (pref !== 'string' && isCallable$m(fn = input.toString) && !isObject$r(val = call$o(fn, input))) return val;
+         throw TypeError$n("Can't convert object to primitive value");
+       };
 
+       var shared$5 = {exports: {}};
 
-       var d = (module.exports = function (dscr, value/*, options*/) {
-               var c, e, w, options, desc;
-               if (arguments.length < 2 || typeof dscr !== "string") {
-                       options = value;
-                       value = dscr;
-                       dscr = null;
-               } else {
-                       options = arguments[2];
-               }
-               if (is(dscr)) {
-                       c = contains.call(dscr, "c");
-                       e = contains.call(dscr, "e");
-                       w = contains.call(dscr, "w");
-               } else {
-                       c = w = true;
-                       e = false;
-               }
+       var isPure = false;
 
-               desc = { value: value, configurable: c, enumerable: e, writable: w };
-               return !options ? desc : assign(normalizeOptions(options), desc);
-       });
+       var global$1f = global$1o;
 
-       d.gs = function (dscr, get, set/*, options*/) {
-               var c, e, options, desc;
-               if (typeof dscr !== "string") {
-                       options = set;
-                       set = get;
-                       get = dscr;
-                       dscr = null;
-               } else {
-                       options = arguments[3];
-               }
-               if (!is(get)) {
-                       get = undefined;
-               } else if (!is$4(get)) {
-                       options = get;
-                       get = set = undefined;
-               } else if (!is(set)) {
-                       set = undefined;
-               } else if (!is$4(set)) {
-                       options = set;
-                       set = undefined;
-               }
-               if (is(dscr)) {
-                       c = contains.call(dscr, "c");
-                       e = contains.call(dscr, "e");
-               } else {
-                       c = true;
-                       e = false;
-               }
-
-               desc = { get: get, set: set, configurable: c, enumerable: e };
-               return !options ? desc : assign(normalizeOptions(options), desc);
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-defineproperty -- safe
+       var defineProperty$d = Object.defineProperty;
+
+       var setGlobal$3 = function (key, value) {
+         try {
+           defineProperty$d(global$1f, key, { value: value, configurable: true, writable: true });
+         } catch (error) {
+           global$1f[key] = value;
+         } return value;
        };
-       });
 
-       var eventEmitter = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
+       var global$1e = global$1o;
+       var setGlobal$2 = setGlobal$3;
+
+       var SHARED = '__core-js_shared__';
+       var store$4 = global$1e[SHARED] || setGlobal$2(SHARED, {});
 
-       var apply = Function.prototype.apply, call = Function.prototype.call
-         , create = Object.create, defineProperty = Object.defineProperty
-         , defineProperties = Object.defineProperties
-         , hasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty
-         , descriptor = { configurable: true, enumerable: false, writable: true }
+       var sharedStore = store$4;
 
-         , on, once, off, emit, methods, descriptors, base;
+       var store$3 = sharedStore;
 
-       on = function (type, listener) {
-               var data;
+       (shared$5.exports = function (key, value) {
+         return store$3[key] || (store$3[key] = value !== undefined ? value : {});
+       })('versions', []).push({
+         version: '3.21.0',
+         mode: 'global',
+         copyright: '© 2014-2022 Denis Pushkarev (zloirock.ru)',
+         license: 'https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/blob/v3.21.0/LICENSE',
+         source: 'https://github.com/zloirock/core-js'
+       });
 
-               validCallable(listener);
+       var global$1d = global$1o;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$c = requireObjectCoercible$e;
 
-               if (!hasOwnProperty.call(this, '__ee__')) {
-                       data = descriptor.value = create(null);
-                       defineProperty(this, '__ee__', descriptor);
-                       descriptor.value = null;
-               } else {
-                       data = this.__ee__;
-               }
-               if (!data[type]) data[type] = listener;
-               else if (typeof data[type] === 'object') data[type].push(listener);
-               else data[type] = [data[type], listener];
+       var Object$3 = global$1d.Object;
 
-               return this;
+       // `ToObject` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-toobject
+       var toObject$i = function (argument) {
+         return Object$3(requireObjectCoercible$c(argument));
        };
 
-       once = function (type, listener) {
-               var once, self;
+       var uncurryThis$U = functionUncurryThis;
+       var toObject$h = toObject$i;
 
-               validCallable(listener);
-               self = this;
-               on.call(this, type, once = function () {
-                       off.call(self, type, once);
-                       apply.call(listener, this, arguments);
-               });
+       var hasOwnProperty$3 = uncurryThis$U({}.hasOwnProperty);
 
-               once.__eeOnceListener__ = listener;
-               return this;
+       // `HasOwnProperty` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-hasownproperty
+       var hasOwnProperty_1 = Object.hasOwn || function hasOwn(it, key) {
+         return hasOwnProperty$3(toObject$h(it), key);
        };
 
-       off = function (type, listener) {
-               var data, listeners, candidate, i;
-
-               validCallable(listener);
-
-               if (!hasOwnProperty.call(this, '__ee__')) return this;
-               data = this.__ee__;
-               if (!data[type]) return this;
-               listeners = data[type];
-
-               if (typeof listeners === 'object') {
-                       for (i = 0; (candidate = listeners[i]); ++i) {
-                               if ((candidate === listener) ||
-                                               (candidate.__eeOnceListener__ === listener)) {
-                                       if (listeners.length === 2) data[type] = listeners[i ? 0 : 1];
-                                       else listeners.splice(i, 1);
-                               }
-                       }
-               } else {
-                       if ((listeners === listener) ||
-                                       (listeners.__eeOnceListener__ === listener)) {
-                               delete data[type];
-                       }
-               }
-
-               return this;
-       };
+       var uncurryThis$T = functionUncurryThis;
 
-       emit = function (type) {
-               var i, l, listener, listeners, args;
-
-               if (!hasOwnProperty.call(this, '__ee__')) return;
-               listeners = this.__ee__[type];
-               if (!listeners) return;
-
-               if (typeof listeners === 'object') {
-                       l = arguments.length;
-                       args = new Array(l - 1);
-                       for (i = 1; i < l; ++i) args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
-
-                       listeners = listeners.slice();
-                       for (i = 0; (listener = listeners[i]); ++i) {
-                               apply.call(listener, this, args);
-                       }
-               } else {
-                       switch (arguments.length) {
-                       case 1:
-                               call.call(listeners, this);
-                               break;
-                       case 2:
-                               call.call(listeners, this, arguments[1]);
-                               break;
-                       case 3:
-                               call.call(listeners, this, arguments[1], arguments[2]);
-                               break;
-                       default:
-                               l = arguments.length;
-                               args = new Array(l - 1);
-                               for (i = 1; i < l; ++i) {
-                                       args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
-                               }
-                               apply.call(listeners, this, args);
-                       }
-               }
-       };
+       var id$2 = 0;
+       var postfix = Math.random();
+       var toString$m = uncurryThis$T(1.0.toString);
 
-       methods = {
-               on: on,
-               once: once,
-               off: off,
-               emit: emit
+       var uid$5 = function (key) {
+         return 'Symbol(' + (key === undefined ? '' : key) + ')_' + toString$m(++id$2 + postfix, 36);
        };
 
-       descriptors = {
-               on: d_1(on),
-               once: d_1(once),
-               off: d_1(off),
-               emit: d_1(emit)
-       };
+       var global$1c = global$1o;
+       var shared$4 = shared$5.exports;
+       var hasOwn$l = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var uid$4 = uid$5;
+       var NATIVE_SYMBOL$2 = nativeSymbol;
+       var USE_SYMBOL_AS_UID = useSymbolAsUid;
 
-       base = defineProperties({}, descriptors);
+       var WellKnownSymbolsStore$1 = shared$4('wks');
+       var Symbol$3 = global$1c.Symbol;
+       var symbolFor = Symbol$3 && Symbol$3['for'];
+       var createWellKnownSymbol = USE_SYMBOL_AS_UID ? Symbol$3 : Symbol$3 && Symbol$3.withoutSetter || uid$4;
 
-       module.exports = exports = function (o) {
-               return (o == null) ? create(base) : defineProperties(Object(o), descriptors);
+       var wellKnownSymbol$t = function (name) {
+         if (!hasOwn$l(WellKnownSymbolsStore$1, name) || !(NATIVE_SYMBOL$2 || typeof WellKnownSymbolsStore$1[name] == 'string')) {
+           var description = 'Symbol.' + name;
+           if (NATIVE_SYMBOL$2 && hasOwn$l(Symbol$3, name)) {
+             WellKnownSymbolsStore$1[name] = Symbol$3[name];
+           } else if (USE_SYMBOL_AS_UID && symbolFor) {
+             WellKnownSymbolsStore$1[name] = symbolFor(description);
+           } else {
+             WellKnownSymbolsStore$1[name] = createWellKnownSymbol(description);
+           }
+         } return WellKnownSymbolsStore$1[name];
        };
-       exports.methods = methods;
-       });
-
-       var validTypes = { object: true, symbol: true };
 
-       var isImplemented$7 = function () {
-               var symbol;
-               if (typeof Symbol !== 'function') return false;
-               symbol = Symbol('test symbol');
-               try { String(symbol); } catch (e) { return false; }
+       var global$1b = global$1o;
+       var call$n = functionCall;
+       var isObject$q = isObject$s;
+       var isSymbol$5 = isSymbol$6;
+       var getMethod$6 = getMethod$7;
+       var ordinaryToPrimitive = ordinaryToPrimitive$1;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$s = wellKnownSymbol$t;
 
-               // Return 'true' also for polyfills
-               if (!validTypes[typeof Symbol.iterator]) return false;
-               if (!validTypes[typeof Symbol.toPrimitive]) return false;
-               if (!validTypes[typeof Symbol.toStringTag]) return false;
+       var TypeError$m = global$1b.TypeError;
+       var TO_PRIMITIVE$1 = wellKnownSymbol$s('toPrimitive');
 
-               return true;
+       // `ToPrimitive` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-toprimitive
+       var toPrimitive$3 = function (input, pref) {
+         if (!isObject$q(input) || isSymbol$5(input)) return input;
+         var exoticToPrim = getMethod$6(input, TO_PRIMITIVE$1);
+         var result;
+         if (exoticToPrim) {
+           if (pref === undefined) pref = 'default';
+           result = call$n(exoticToPrim, input, pref);
+           if (!isObject$q(result) || isSymbol$5(result)) return result;
+           throw TypeError$m("Can't convert object to primitive value");
+         }
+         if (pref === undefined) pref = 'number';
+         return ordinaryToPrimitive(input, pref);
        };
 
-       var isSymbol = function (x) {
-               if (!x) return false;
-               if (typeof x === 'symbol') return true;
-               if (!x.constructor) return false;
-               if (x.constructor.name !== 'Symbol') return false;
-               return (x[x.constructor.toStringTag] === 'Symbol');
-       };
+       var toPrimitive$2 = toPrimitive$3;
+       var isSymbol$4 = isSymbol$6;
 
-       var validateSymbol = function (value) {
-               if (!isSymbol(value)) throw new TypeError(value + " is not a symbol");
-               return value;
+       // `ToPropertyKey` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-topropertykey
+       var toPropertyKey$5 = function (argument) {
+         var key = toPrimitive$2(argument, 'string');
+         return isSymbol$4(key) ? key : key + '';
        };
 
-       var create$3 = Object.create, defineProperties = Object.defineProperties
-         , defineProperty$1 = Object.defineProperty, objPrototype = Object.prototype
-         , NativeSymbol, SymbolPolyfill, HiddenSymbol, globalSymbols = create$3(null)
-         , isNativeSafe;
-
-       if (typeof Symbol === 'function') {
-               NativeSymbol = Symbol;
-               try {
-                       String(NativeSymbol());
-                       isNativeSafe = true;
-               } catch (ignore) {}
-       }
-
-       var generateName = (function () {
-               var created = create$3(null);
-               return function (desc) {
-                       var postfix = 0, name, ie11BugWorkaround;
-                       while (created[desc + (postfix || '')]) ++postfix;
-                       desc += (postfix || '');
-                       created[desc] = true;
-                       name = '@@' + desc;
-                       defineProperty$1(objPrototype, name, d_1.gs(null, function (value) {
-                               // For IE11 issue see:
-                               // https://connect.microsoft.com/IE/feedbackdetail/view/1928508/
-                               //    ie11-broken-getters-on-dom-objects
-                               // https://github.com/medikoo/es6-symbol/issues/12
-                               if (ie11BugWorkaround) return;
-                               ie11BugWorkaround = true;
-                               defineProperty$1(this, name, d_1(value));
-                               ie11BugWorkaround = false;
-                       }));
-                       return name;
-               };
-       }());
-
-       // Internal constructor (not one exposed) for creating Symbol instances.
-       // This one is used to ensure that `someSymbol instanceof Symbol` always return false
-       HiddenSymbol = function Symbol(description) {
-               if (this instanceof HiddenSymbol) throw new TypeError('Symbol is not a constructor');
-               return SymbolPolyfill(description);
-       };
+       var global$1a = global$1o;
+       var isObject$p = isObject$s;
+
+       var document$3 = global$1a.document;
+       // typeof document.createElement is 'object' in old IE
+       var EXISTS$1 = isObject$p(document$3) && isObject$p(document$3.createElement);
 
-       // Exposed `Symbol` constructor
-       // (returns instances of HiddenSymbol)
-       var polyfill = SymbolPolyfill = function Symbol(description) {
-               var symbol;
-               if (this instanceof Symbol) throw new TypeError('Symbol is not a constructor');
-               if (isNativeSafe) return NativeSymbol(description);
-               symbol = create$3(HiddenSymbol.prototype);
-               description = (description === undefined ? '' : String(description));
-               return defineProperties(symbol, {
-                       __description__: d_1('', description),
-                       __name__: d_1('', generateName(description))
-               });
+       var documentCreateElement$2 = function (it) {
+         return EXISTS$1 ? document$3.createElement(it) : {};
        };
-       defineProperties(SymbolPolyfill, {
-               for: d_1(function (key) {
-                       if (globalSymbols[key]) return globalSymbols[key];
-                       return (globalSymbols[key] = SymbolPolyfill(String(key)));
-               }),
-               keyFor: d_1(function (s) {
-                       var key;
-                       validateSymbol(s);
-                       for (key in globalSymbols) if (globalSymbols[key] === s) return key;
-               }),
-
-               // To ensure proper interoperability with other native functions (e.g. Array.from)
-               // fallback to eventual native implementation of given symbol
-               hasInstance: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.hasInstance) || SymbolPolyfill('hasInstance')),
-               isConcatSpreadable: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.isConcatSpreadable) ||
-                       SymbolPolyfill('isConcatSpreadable')),
-               iterator: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.iterator) || SymbolPolyfill('iterator')),
-               match: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.match) || SymbolPolyfill('match')),
-               replace: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.replace) || SymbolPolyfill('replace')),
-               search: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.search) || SymbolPolyfill('search')),
-               species: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.species) || SymbolPolyfill('species')),
-               split: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.split) || SymbolPolyfill('split')),
-               toPrimitive: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.toPrimitive) || SymbolPolyfill('toPrimitive')),
-               toStringTag: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.toStringTag) || SymbolPolyfill('toStringTag')),
-               unscopables: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.unscopables) || SymbolPolyfill('unscopables'))
-       });
 
-       // Internal tweaks for real symbol producer
-       defineProperties(HiddenSymbol.prototype, {
-               constructor: d_1(SymbolPolyfill),
-               toString: d_1('', function () { return this.__name__; })
-       });
+       var DESCRIPTORS$p = descriptors;
+       var fails$Q = fails$V;
+       var createElement$1 = documentCreateElement$2;
 
-       // Proper implementation of methods exposed on Symbol.prototype
-       // They won't be accessible on produced symbol instances as they derive from HiddenSymbol.prototype
-       defineProperties(SymbolPolyfill.prototype, {
-               toString: d_1(function () { return 'Symbol (' + validateSymbol(this).__description__ + ')'; }),
-               valueOf: d_1(function () { return validateSymbol(this); })
+       // Thanks to IE8 for its funny defineProperty
+       var ie8DomDefine = !DESCRIPTORS$p && !fails$Q(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-defineproperty -- required for testing
+         return Object.defineProperty(createElement$1('div'), 'a', {
+           get: function () { return 7; }
+         }).a != 7;
        });
-       defineProperty$1(SymbolPolyfill.prototype, SymbolPolyfill.toPrimitive, d_1('', function () {
-               var symbol = validateSymbol(this);
-               if (typeof symbol === 'symbol') return symbol;
-               return symbol.toString();
-       }));
-       defineProperty$1(SymbolPolyfill.prototype, SymbolPolyfill.toStringTag, d_1('c', 'Symbol'));
 
-       // Proper implementaton of toPrimitive and toStringTag for returned symbol instances
-       defineProperty$1(HiddenSymbol.prototype, SymbolPolyfill.toStringTag,
-               d_1('c', SymbolPolyfill.prototype[SymbolPolyfill.toStringTag]));
+       var DESCRIPTORS$o = descriptors;
+       var call$m = functionCall;
+       var propertyIsEnumerableModule$2 = objectPropertyIsEnumerable;
+       var createPropertyDescriptor$6 = createPropertyDescriptor$7;
+       var toIndexedObject$c = toIndexedObject$d;
+       var toPropertyKey$4 = toPropertyKey$5;
+       var hasOwn$k = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var IE8_DOM_DEFINE$1 = ie8DomDefine;
+
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertydescriptor -- safe
+       var $getOwnPropertyDescriptor$2 = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+
+       // `Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertydescriptor
+       objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f = DESCRIPTORS$o ? $getOwnPropertyDescriptor$2 : function getOwnPropertyDescriptor(O, P) {
+         O = toIndexedObject$c(O);
+         P = toPropertyKey$4(P);
+         if (IE8_DOM_DEFINE$1) try {
+           return $getOwnPropertyDescriptor$2(O, P);
+         } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
+         if (hasOwn$k(O, P)) return createPropertyDescriptor$6(!call$m(propertyIsEnumerableModule$2.f, O, P), O[P]);
+       };
+
+       var objectDefineProperty = {};
+
+       var DESCRIPTORS$n = descriptors;
+       var fails$P = fails$V;
+
+       // V8 ~ Chrome 36-
+       // https://bugs.chromium.org/p/v8/issues/detail?id=3334
+       var v8PrototypeDefineBug = DESCRIPTORS$n && fails$P(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-defineproperty -- required for testing
+         return Object.defineProperty(function () { /* empty */ }, 'prototype', {
+           value: 42,
+           writable: false
+         }).prototype != 42;
+       });
 
-       // Note: It's important to define `toPrimitive` as last one, as some implementations
-       // implement `toPrimitive` natively without implementing `toStringTag` (or other specified symbols)
-       // And that may invoke error in definition flow:
-       // See: https://github.com/medikoo/es6-symbol/issues/13#issuecomment-164146149
-       defineProperty$1(HiddenSymbol.prototype, SymbolPolyfill.toPrimitive,
-               d_1('c', SymbolPolyfill.prototype[SymbolPolyfill.toPrimitive]));
+       var global$19 = global$1o;
+       var isObject$o = isObject$s;
+
+       var String$5 = global$19.String;
+       var TypeError$l = global$19.TypeError;
+
+       // `Assert: Type(argument) is Object`
+       var anObject$n = function (argument) {
+         if (isObject$o(argument)) return argument;
+         throw TypeError$l(String$5(argument) + ' is not an object');
+       };
+
+       var global$18 = global$1o;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$m = descriptors;
+       var IE8_DOM_DEFINE = ie8DomDefine;
+       var V8_PROTOTYPE_DEFINE_BUG$1 = v8PrototypeDefineBug;
+       var anObject$m = anObject$n;
+       var toPropertyKey$3 = toPropertyKey$5;
+
+       var TypeError$k = global$18.TypeError;
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-defineproperty -- safe
+       var $defineProperty$1 = Object.defineProperty;
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertydescriptor -- safe
+       var $getOwnPropertyDescriptor$1 = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+       var ENUMERABLE = 'enumerable';
+       var CONFIGURABLE$1 = 'configurable';
+       var WRITABLE = 'writable';
+
+       // `Object.defineProperty` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperty
+       objectDefineProperty.f = DESCRIPTORS$m ? V8_PROTOTYPE_DEFINE_BUG$1 ? function defineProperty(O, P, Attributes) {
+         anObject$m(O);
+         P = toPropertyKey$3(P);
+         anObject$m(Attributes);
+         if (typeof O === 'function' && P === 'prototype' && 'value' in Attributes && WRITABLE in Attributes && !Attributes[WRITABLE]) {
+           var current = $getOwnPropertyDescriptor$1(O, P);
+           if (current && current[WRITABLE]) {
+             O[P] = Attributes.value;
+             Attributes = {
+               configurable: CONFIGURABLE$1 in Attributes ? Attributes[CONFIGURABLE$1] : current[CONFIGURABLE$1],
+               enumerable: ENUMERABLE in Attributes ? Attributes[ENUMERABLE] : current[ENUMERABLE],
+               writable: false
+             };
+           }
+         } return $defineProperty$1(O, P, Attributes);
+       } : $defineProperty$1 : function defineProperty(O, P, Attributes) {
+         anObject$m(O);
+         P = toPropertyKey$3(P);
+         anObject$m(Attributes);
+         if (IE8_DOM_DEFINE) try {
+           return $defineProperty$1(O, P, Attributes);
+         } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
+         if ('get' in Attributes || 'set' in Attributes) throw TypeError$k('Accessors not supported');
+         if ('value' in Attributes) O[P] = Attributes.value;
+         return O;
+       };
 
-       var es6Symbol = isImplemented$7() ? Symbol : polyfill;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$l = descriptors;
+       var definePropertyModule$7 = objectDefineProperty;
+       var createPropertyDescriptor$5 = createPropertyDescriptor$7;
 
-       var objToString = Object.prototype.toString
-         , id = objToString.call((function () { return arguments; })());
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$b = DESCRIPTORS$l ? function (object, key, value) {
+         return definePropertyModule$7.f(object, key, createPropertyDescriptor$5(1, value));
+       } : function (object, key, value) {
+         object[key] = value;
+         return object;
+       };
 
-       var isArguments = function (value) { return objToString.call(value) === id; };
+       var redefine$h = {exports: {}};
 
-       var objToString$1 = Object.prototype.toString, id$1 = objToString$1.call("");
+       var uncurryThis$S = functionUncurryThis;
+       var isCallable$l = isCallable$r;
+       var store$2 = sharedStore;
 
-       var isString = function (value) {
-               return (
-                       typeof value === "string" ||
-                       (value &&
-                               typeof value === "object" &&
-                               (value instanceof String || objToString$1.call(value) === id$1)) ||
-                       false
-               );
-       };
+       var functionToString$1 = uncurryThis$S(Function.toString);
 
-       var isImplemented$8 = function () {
-               if (typeof globalThis !== "object") return false;
-               if (!globalThis) return false;
-               return globalThis.Array === Array;
-       };
+       // this helper broken in `core-js@3.4.1-3.4.4`, so we can't use `shared` helper
+       if (!isCallable$l(store$2.inspectSource)) {
+         store$2.inspectSource = function (it) {
+           return functionToString$1(it);
+         };
+       }
 
-       var naiveFallback = function () {
-               if (typeof self === "object" && self) return self;
-               if (typeof window === "object" && window) return window;
-               throw new Error("Unable to resolve global `this`");
-       };
+       var inspectSource$4 = store$2.inspectSource;
 
-       var implementation = (function () {
-               if (this) return this;
-
-               // Unexpected strict mode (may happen if e.g. bundled into ESM module)
-
-               // Thanks @mathiasbynens -> https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/globalthis
-               // In all ES5+ engines global object inherits from Object.prototype
-               // (if you approached one that doesn't please report)
-               try {
-                       Object.defineProperty(Object.prototype, "__global__", {
-                               get: function () { return this; },
-                               configurable: true
-                       });
-               } catch (error) {
-                       // Unfortunate case of Object.prototype being sealed (via preventExtensions, seal or freeze)
-                       return naiveFallback();
-               }
-               try {
-                       // Safari case (window.__global__ is resolved with global context, but __global__ does not)
-                       if (!__global__) return naiveFallback();
-                       return __global__;
-               } finally {
-                       delete Object.prototype.__global__;
-               }
-       })();
+       var global$17 = global$1o;
+       var isCallable$k = isCallable$r;
+       var inspectSource$3 = inspectSource$4;
 
-       var globalThis_1 = isImplemented$8() ? globalThis : implementation;
+       var WeakMap$1 = global$17.WeakMap;
 
-       var validTypes$1 = { object: true, symbol: true };
+       var nativeWeakMap = isCallable$k(WeakMap$1) && /native code/.test(inspectSource$3(WeakMap$1));
 
-       var isImplemented$9 = function () {
-               var Symbol = globalThis_1.Symbol;
-               var symbol;
-               if (typeof Symbol !== "function") return false;
-               symbol = Symbol("test symbol");
-               try { String(symbol); }
-               catch (e) { return false; }
+       var shared$3 = shared$5.exports;
+       var uid$3 = uid$5;
 
-               // Return 'true' also for polyfills
-               if (!validTypes$1[typeof Symbol.iterator]) return false;
-               if (!validTypes$1[typeof Symbol.toPrimitive]) return false;
-               if (!validTypes$1[typeof Symbol.toStringTag]) return false;
+       var keys$3 = shared$3('keys');
 
-               return true;
+       var sharedKey$4 = function (key) {
+         return keys$3[key] || (keys$3[key] = uid$3(key));
        };
 
-       var isSymbol$1 = function (value) {
-               if (!value) return false;
-               if (typeof value === "symbol") return true;
-               if (!value.constructor) return false;
-               if (value.constructor.name !== "Symbol") return false;
-               return value[value.constructor.toStringTag] === "Symbol";
-       };
+       var hiddenKeys$6 = {};
 
-       var validateSymbol$1 = function (value) {
-               if (!isSymbol$1(value)) throw new TypeError(value + " is not a symbol");
-               return value;
-       };
+       var NATIVE_WEAK_MAP = nativeWeakMap;
+       var global$16 = global$1o;
+       var uncurryThis$R = functionUncurryThis;
+       var isObject$n = isObject$s;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$a = createNonEnumerableProperty$b;
+       var hasOwn$j = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var shared$2 = sharedStore;
+       var sharedKey$3 = sharedKey$4;
+       var hiddenKeys$5 = hiddenKeys$6;
 
-       var create$4 = Object.create, defineProperty$2 = Object.defineProperty, objPrototype$1 = Object.prototype;
-
-       var created = create$4(null);
-       var generateName$1 = function (desc) {
-               var postfix = 0, name, ie11BugWorkaround;
-               while (created[desc + (postfix || "")]) ++postfix;
-               desc += postfix || "";
-               created[desc] = true;
-               name = "@@" + desc;
-               defineProperty$2(
-                       objPrototype$1,
-                       name,
-                       d_1.gs(null, function (value) {
-                               // For IE11 issue see:
-                               // https://connect.microsoft.com/IE/feedbackdetail/view/1928508/
-                               //    ie11-broken-getters-on-dom-objects
-                               // https://github.com/medikoo/es6-symbol/issues/12
-                               if (ie11BugWorkaround) return;
-                               ie11BugWorkaround = true;
-                               defineProperty$2(this, name, d_1(value));
-                               ie11BugWorkaround = false;
-                       })
-               );
-               return name;
-       };
+       var OBJECT_ALREADY_INITIALIZED = 'Object already initialized';
+       var TypeError$j = global$16.TypeError;
+       var WeakMap = global$16.WeakMap;
+       var set$4, get$5, has;
 
-       var NativeSymbol$1 = globalThis_1.Symbol;
-
-       var standardSymbols = function (SymbolPolyfill) {
-               return Object.defineProperties(SymbolPolyfill, {
-                       // To ensure proper interoperability with other native functions (e.g. Array.from)
-                       // fallback to eventual native implementation of given symbol
-                       hasInstance: d_1(
-                               "", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.hasInstance) || SymbolPolyfill("hasInstance")
-                       ),
-                       isConcatSpreadable: d_1(
-                               "",
-                               (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.isConcatSpreadable) ||
-                                       SymbolPolyfill("isConcatSpreadable")
-                       ),
-                       iterator: d_1("", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.iterator) || SymbolPolyfill("iterator")),
-                       match: d_1("", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.match) || SymbolPolyfill("match")),
-                       replace: d_1("", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.replace) || SymbolPolyfill("replace")),
-                       search: d_1("", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.search) || SymbolPolyfill("search")),
-                       species: d_1("", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.species) || SymbolPolyfill("species")),
-                       split: d_1("", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.split) || SymbolPolyfill("split")),
-                       toPrimitive: d_1(
-                               "", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.toPrimitive) || SymbolPolyfill("toPrimitive")
-                       ),
-                       toStringTag: d_1(
-                               "", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.toStringTag) || SymbolPolyfill("toStringTag")
-                       ),
-                       unscopables: d_1(
-                               "", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.unscopables) || SymbolPolyfill("unscopables")
-                       )
-               });
+       var enforce = function (it) {
+         return has(it) ? get$5(it) : set$4(it, {});
        };
 
-       var registry = Object.create(null);
-
-       var symbolRegistry = function (SymbolPolyfill) {
-               return Object.defineProperties(SymbolPolyfill, {
-                       for: d_1(function (key) {
-                               if (registry[key]) return registry[key];
-                               return (registry[key] = SymbolPolyfill(String(key)));
-                       }),
-                       keyFor: d_1(function (symbol) {
-                               var key;
-                               validateSymbol$1(symbol);
-                               for (key in registry) {
-                                       if (registry[key] === symbol) return key;
-                               }
-                               return undefined;
-                       })
-               });
+       var getterFor = function (TYPE) {
+         return function (it) {
+           var state;
+           if (!isObject$n(it) || (state = get$5(it)).type !== TYPE) {
+             throw TypeError$j('Incompatible receiver, ' + TYPE + ' required');
+           } return state;
+         };
        };
 
-       var NativeSymbol$2         = globalThis_1.Symbol;
-
-       var create$5 = Object.create
-         , defineProperties$1 = Object.defineProperties
-         , defineProperty$3 = Object.defineProperty;
+       if (NATIVE_WEAK_MAP || shared$2.state) {
+         var store$1 = shared$2.state || (shared$2.state = new WeakMap());
+         var wmget = uncurryThis$R(store$1.get);
+         var wmhas = uncurryThis$R(store$1.has);
+         var wmset = uncurryThis$R(store$1.set);
+         set$4 = function (it, metadata) {
+           if (wmhas(store$1, it)) throw new TypeError$j(OBJECT_ALREADY_INITIALIZED);
+           metadata.facade = it;
+           wmset(store$1, it, metadata);
+           return metadata;
+         };
+         get$5 = function (it) {
+           return wmget(store$1, it) || {};
+         };
+         has = function (it) {
+           return wmhas(store$1, it);
+         };
+       } else {
+         var STATE = sharedKey$3('state');
+         hiddenKeys$5[STATE] = true;
+         set$4 = function (it, metadata) {
+           if (hasOwn$j(it, STATE)) throw new TypeError$j(OBJECT_ALREADY_INITIALIZED);
+           metadata.facade = it;
+           createNonEnumerableProperty$a(it, STATE, metadata);
+           return metadata;
+         };
+         get$5 = function (it) {
+           return hasOwn$j(it, STATE) ? it[STATE] : {};
+         };
+         has = function (it) {
+           return hasOwn$j(it, STATE);
+         };
+       }
+
+       var internalState = {
+         set: set$4,
+         get: get$5,
+         has: has,
+         enforce: enforce,
+         getterFor: getterFor
+       };
+
+       var DESCRIPTORS$k = descriptors;
+       var hasOwn$i = hasOwnProperty_1;
+
+       var FunctionPrototype$2 = Function.prototype;
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertydescriptor -- safe
+       var getDescriptor = DESCRIPTORS$k && Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+
+       var EXISTS = hasOwn$i(FunctionPrototype$2, 'name');
+       // additional protection from minified / mangled / dropped function names
+       var PROPER = EXISTS && (function something() { /* empty */ }).name === 'something';
+       var CONFIGURABLE = EXISTS && (!DESCRIPTORS$k || (DESCRIPTORS$k && getDescriptor(FunctionPrototype$2, 'name').configurable));
+
+       var functionName = {
+         EXISTS: EXISTS,
+         PROPER: PROPER,
+         CONFIGURABLE: CONFIGURABLE
+       };
+
+       var global$15 = global$1o;
+       var isCallable$j = isCallable$r;
+       var hasOwn$h = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$9 = createNonEnumerableProperty$b;
+       var setGlobal$1 = setGlobal$3;
+       var inspectSource$2 = inspectSource$4;
+       var InternalStateModule$9 = internalState;
+       var CONFIGURABLE_FUNCTION_NAME$2 = functionName.CONFIGURABLE;
+
+       var getInternalState$7 = InternalStateModule$9.get;
+       var enforceInternalState$1 = InternalStateModule$9.enforce;
+       var TEMPLATE = String(String).split('String');
+
+       (redefine$h.exports = function (O, key, value, options) {
+         var unsafe = options ? !!options.unsafe : false;
+         var simple = options ? !!options.enumerable : false;
+         var noTargetGet = options ? !!options.noTargetGet : false;
+         var name = options && options.name !== undefined ? options.name : key;
+         var state;
+         if (isCallable$j(value)) {
+           if (String(name).slice(0, 7) === 'Symbol(') {
+             name = '[' + String(name).replace(/^Symbol\(([^)]*)\)/, '$1') + ']';
+           }
+           if (!hasOwn$h(value, 'name') || (CONFIGURABLE_FUNCTION_NAME$2 && value.name !== name)) {
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$9(value, 'name', name);
+           }
+           state = enforceInternalState$1(value);
+           if (!state.source) {
+             state.source = TEMPLATE.join(typeof name == 'string' ? name : '');
+           }
+         }
+         if (O === global$15) {
+           if (simple) O[key] = value;
+           else setGlobal$1(key, value);
+           return;
+         } else if (!unsafe) {
+           delete O[key];
+         } else if (!noTargetGet && O[key]) {
+           simple = true;
+         }
+         if (simple) O[key] = value;
+         else createNonEnumerableProperty$9(O, key, value);
+       // add fake Function#toString for correct work wrapped methods / constructors with methods like LoDash isNative
+       })(Function.prototype, 'toString', function toString() {
+         return isCallable$j(this) && getInternalState$7(this).source || inspectSource$2(this);
+       });
 
-       var SymbolPolyfill$1, HiddenSymbol$1, isNativeSafe$1;
+       var objectGetOwnPropertyNames = {};
 
-       if (typeof NativeSymbol$2 === "function") {
-               try {
-                       String(NativeSymbol$2());
-                       isNativeSafe$1 = true;
-               } catch (ignore) {}
-       } else {
-               NativeSymbol$2 = null;
-       }
+       var ceil$1 = Math.ceil;
+       var floor$8 = Math.floor;
 
-       // Internal constructor (not one exposed) for creating Symbol instances.
-       // This one is used to ensure that `someSymbol instanceof Symbol` always return false
-       HiddenSymbol$1 = function Symbol(description) {
-               if (this instanceof HiddenSymbol$1) throw new TypeError("Symbol is not a constructor");
-               return SymbolPolyfill$1(description);
+       // `ToIntegerOrInfinity` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-tointegerorinfinity
+       var toIntegerOrInfinity$b = function (argument) {
+         var number = +argument;
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- safe
+         return number !== number || number === 0 ? 0 : (number > 0 ? floor$8 : ceil$1)(number);
        };
 
-       // Exposed `Symbol` constructor
-       // (returns instances of HiddenSymbol)
-       var polyfill$1 = SymbolPolyfill$1 = function Symbol(description) {
-               var symbol;
-               if (this instanceof Symbol) throw new TypeError("Symbol is not a constructor");
-               if (isNativeSafe$1) return NativeSymbol$2(description);
-               symbol = create$5(HiddenSymbol$1.prototype);
-               description = description === undefined ? "" : String(description);
-               return defineProperties$1(symbol, {
-                       __description__: d_1("", description),
-                       __name__: d_1("", generateName$1(description))
-               });
+       var toIntegerOrInfinity$a = toIntegerOrInfinity$b;
+
+       var max$5 = Math.max;
+       var min$9 = Math.min;
+
+       // Helper for a popular repeating case of the spec:
+       // Let integer be ? ToInteger(index).
+       // If integer < 0, let result be max((length + integer), 0); else let result be min(integer, length).
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$9 = function (index, length) {
+         var integer = toIntegerOrInfinity$a(index);
+         return integer < 0 ? max$5(integer + length, 0) : min$9(integer, length);
        };
 
-       standardSymbols(SymbolPolyfill$1);
-       symbolRegistry(SymbolPolyfill$1);
+       var toIntegerOrInfinity$9 = toIntegerOrInfinity$b;
 
-       // Internal tweaks for real symbol producer
-       defineProperties$1(HiddenSymbol$1.prototype, {
-               constructor: d_1(SymbolPolyfill$1),
-               toString: d_1("", function () { return this.__name__; })
-       });
+       var min$8 = Math.min;
 
-       // Proper implementation of methods exposed on Symbol.prototype
-       // They won't be accessible on produced symbol instances as they derive from HiddenSymbol.prototype
-       defineProperties$1(SymbolPolyfill$1.prototype, {
-               toString: d_1(function () { return "Symbol (" + validateSymbol$1(this).__description__ + ")"; }),
-               valueOf: d_1(function () { return validateSymbol$1(this); })
-       });
-       defineProperty$3(
-               SymbolPolyfill$1.prototype,
-               SymbolPolyfill$1.toPrimitive,
-               d_1("", function () {
-                       var symbol = validateSymbol$1(this);
-                       if (typeof symbol === "symbol") return symbol;
-                       return symbol.toString();
-               })
-       );
-       defineProperty$3(SymbolPolyfill$1.prototype, SymbolPolyfill$1.toStringTag, d_1("c", "Symbol"));
-
-       // Proper implementaton of toPrimitive and toStringTag for returned symbol instances
-       defineProperty$3(
-               HiddenSymbol$1.prototype, SymbolPolyfill$1.toStringTag,
-               d_1("c", SymbolPolyfill$1.prototype[SymbolPolyfill$1.toStringTag])
-       );
-
-       // Note: It's important to define `toPrimitive` as last one, as some implementations
-       // implement `toPrimitive` natively without implementing `toStringTag` (or other specified symbols)
-       // And that may invoke error in definition flow:
-       // See: https://github.com/medikoo/es6-symbol/issues/13#issuecomment-164146149
-       defineProperty$3(
-               HiddenSymbol$1.prototype, SymbolPolyfill$1.toPrimitive,
-               d_1("c", SymbolPolyfill$1.prototype[SymbolPolyfill$1.toPrimitive])
-       );
-
-       var es6Symbol$1 = isImplemented$9()
-               ? globalThis_1.Symbol
-               : polyfill$1;
-
-       var iteratorSymbol = es6Symbol$1.iterator
-         , isArray        = Array.isArray;
-
-       var isIterable = function (value) {
-               if (!isValue(value)) return false;
-               if (isArray(value)) return true;
-               if (isString(value)) return true;
-               if (isArguments(value)) return true;
-               return typeof value[iteratorSymbol] === "function";
+       // `ToLength` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-tolength
+       var toLength$c = function (argument) {
+         return argument > 0 ? min$8(toIntegerOrInfinity$9(argument), 0x1FFFFFFFFFFFFF) : 0; // 2 ** 53 - 1 == 9007199254740991
        };
 
-       var validIterable = function (value) {
-               if (!isIterable(value)) throw new TypeError(value + " is not iterable");
-               return value;
-       };
+       var toLength$b = toLength$c;
 
-       var objectToString = Object.prototype.toString;
-
-       var coerce = function (value) {
-               if (!is(value)) return null;
-               if (is$1(value)) {
-                       // Reject Object.prototype.toString coercion
-                       var valueToString = value.toString;
-                       if (typeof valueToString !== "function") return null;
-                       if (valueToString === objectToString) return null;
-                       // Note: It can be object coming from other realm, still as there's no ES3 and CSP compliant
-                       // way to resolve its realm's Object.prototype.toString it's left as not addressed edge case
-               }
-               try {
-                       return "" + value; // Ensure implicit coercion
-               } catch (error) {
-                       return null;
-               }
+       // `LengthOfArrayLike` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-lengthofarraylike
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$i = function (obj) {
+         return toLength$b(obj.length);
        };
 
-       var safeToString = function (value) {
-               try {
-                       return value.toString();
-               } catch (error) {
-                       try { return String(value); }
-                       catch (error2) { return null; }
-               }
-       };
+       var toIndexedObject$b = toIndexedObject$d;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$8 = toAbsoluteIndex$9;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$h = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
 
-       var reNewLine = /[\n\r\u2028\u2029]/g;
-
-       var toShortString = function (value) {
-               var string = safeToString(value);
-               if (string === null) return "<Non-coercible to string value>";
-               // Trim if too long
-               if (string.length > 100) string = string.slice(0, 99) + "…";
-               // Replace eventual new lines
-               string = string.replace(reNewLine, function (char) {
-                       switch (char) {
-                               case "\n":
-                                       return "\\n";
-                               case "\r":
-                                       return "\\r";
-                               case "\u2028":
-                                       return "\\u2028";
-                               case "\u2029":
-                                       return "\\u2029";
-                               /* istanbul ignore next */
-                               default:
-                                       throw new Error("Unexpected character");
-                       }
-               });
-               return string;
+       // `Array.prototype.{ indexOf, includes }` methods implementation
+       var createMethod$6 = function (IS_INCLUDES) {
+         return function ($this, el, fromIndex) {
+           var O = toIndexedObject$b($this);
+           var length = lengthOfArrayLike$h(O);
+           var index = toAbsoluteIndex$8(fromIndex, length);
+           var value;
+           // Array#includes uses SameValueZero equality algorithm
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
+           if (IS_INCLUDES && el != el) while (length > index) {
+             value = O[index++];
+             // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
+             if (value != value) return true;
+           // Array#indexOf ignores holes, Array#includes - not
+           } else for (;length > index; index++) {
+             if ((IS_INCLUDES || index in O) && O[index] === el) return IS_INCLUDES || index || 0;
+           } return !IS_INCLUDES && -1;
+         };
        };
 
-       var resolveMessage = function (message, value) {
-               return message.replace("%v", toShortString(value));
+       var arrayIncludes = {
+         // `Array.prototype.includes` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.includes
+         includes: createMethod$6(true),
+         // `Array.prototype.indexOf` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.indexof
+         indexOf: createMethod$6(false)
        };
 
-       var resolveException = function (value, defaultMessage, inputOptions) {
-               if (!is$1(inputOptions)) throw new TypeError(resolveMessage(defaultMessage, value));
-               if (!is(value)) {
-                       if ("default" in inputOptions) return inputOptions["default"];
-                       if (inputOptions.isOptional) return null;
-               }
-               var errorMessage = coerce(inputOptions.errorMessage);
-               if (!is(errorMessage)) errorMessage = defaultMessage;
-               throw new TypeError(resolveMessage(errorMessage, value));
-       };
+       var uncurryThis$Q = functionUncurryThis;
+       var hasOwn$g = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var toIndexedObject$a = toIndexedObject$d;
+       var indexOf$1 = arrayIncludes.indexOf;
+       var hiddenKeys$4 = hiddenKeys$6;
 
-       var ensure = function (value/*, options*/) {
-               if (is(value)) return value;
-               return resolveException(value, "Cannot use %v", arguments[1]);
-       };
+       var push$a = uncurryThis$Q([].push);
 
-       var ensure$1 = function (value/*, options*/) {
-               if (is$4(value)) return value;
-               return resolveException(value, "%v is not a plain function", arguments[1]);
+       var objectKeysInternal = function (object, names) {
+         var O = toIndexedObject$a(object);
+         var i = 0;
+         var result = [];
+         var key;
+         for (key in O) !hasOwn$g(hiddenKeys$4, key) && hasOwn$g(O, key) && push$a(result, key);
+         // Don't enum bug & hidden keys
+         while (names.length > i) if (hasOwn$g(O, key = names[i++])) {
+           ~indexOf$1(result, key) || push$a(result, key);
+         }
+         return result;
        };
 
-       var isImplemented$a = function () {
-               var from = Array.from, arr, result;
-               if (typeof from !== "function") return false;
-               arr = ["raz", "dwa"];
-               result = from(arr);
-               return Boolean(result && result !== arr && result[1] === "dwa");
-       };
+       // IE8- don't enum bug keys
+       var enumBugKeys$3 = [
+         'constructor',
+         'hasOwnProperty',
+         'isPrototypeOf',
+         'propertyIsEnumerable',
+         'toLocaleString',
+         'toString',
+         'valueOf'
+       ];
 
-       var objToString$2 = Object.prototype.toString
-         , isFunctionStringTag = RegExp.prototype.test.bind(/^[object [A-Za-z0-9]*Function]$/);
+       var internalObjectKeys$1 = objectKeysInternal;
+       var enumBugKeys$2 = enumBugKeys$3;
 
-       var isFunction = function (value) {
-               return typeof value === "function" && isFunctionStringTag(objToString$2.call(value));
-       };
+       var hiddenKeys$3 = enumBugKeys$2.concat('length', 'prototype');
 
-       var iteratorSymbol$1 = es6Symbol$1.iterator
-         , isArray$1        = Array.isArray
-         , call           = Function.prototype.call
-         , desc           = { configurable: true, enumerable: true, writable: true, value: null }
-         , defineProperty$4 = Object.defineProperty;
-
-       // eslint-disable-next-line complexity, max-lines-per-function
-       var shim$7 = function (arrayLike/*, mapFn, thisArg*/) {
-               var mapFn = arguments[1]
-                 , thisArg = arguments[2]
-                 , Context
-                 , i
-                 , j
-                 , arr
-                 , length
-                 , code
-                 , iterator
-                 , result
-                 , getIterator
-                 , value;
-
-               arrayLike = Object(validValue(arrayLike));
-
-               if (isValue(mapFn)) validCallable(mapFn);
-               if (!this || this === Array || !isFunction(this)) {
-                       // Result: Plain array
-                       if (!mapFn) {
-                               if (isArguments(arrayLike)) {
-                                       // Source: Arguments
-                                       length = arrayLike.length;
-                                       if (length !== 1) return Array.apply(null, arrayLike);
-                                       arr = new Array(1);
-                                       arr[0] = arrayLike[0];
-                                       return arr;
-                               }
-                               if (isArray$1(arrayLike)) {
-                                       // Source: Array
-                                       arr = new Array((length = arrayLike.length));
-                                       for (i = 0; i < length; ++i) arr[i] = arrayLike[i];
-                                       return arr;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       arr = [];
-               } else {
-                       // Result: Non plain array
-                       Context = this;
-               }
-
-               if (!isArray$1(arrayLike)) {
-                       if ((getIterator = arrayLike[iteratorSymbol$1]) !== undefined) {
-                               // Source: Iterator
-                               iterator = validCallable(getIterator).call(arrayLike);
-                               if (Context) arr = new Context();
-                               result = iterator.next();
-                               i = 0;
-                               while (!result.done) {
-                                       value = mapFn ? call.call(mapFn, thisArg, result.value, i) : result.value;
-                                       if (Context) {
-                                               desc.value = value;
-                                               defineProperty$4(arr, i, desc);
-                                       } else {
-                                               arr[i] = value;
-                                       }
-                                       result = iterator.next();
-                                       ++i;
-                               }
-                               length = i;
-                       } else if (isString(arrayLike)) {
-                               // Source: String
-                               length = arrayLike.length;
-                               if (Context) arr = new Context();
-                               for (i = 0, j = 0; i < length; ++i) {
-                                       value = arrayLike[i];
-                                       if (i + 1 < length) {
-                                               code = value.charCodeAt(0);
-                                               // eslint-disable-next-line max-depth
-                                               if (code >= 0xd800 && code <= 0xdbff) value += arrayLike[++i];
-                                       }
-                                       value = mapFn ? call.call(mapFn, thisArg, value, j) : value;
-                                       if (Context) {
-                                               desc.value = value;
-                                               defineProperty$4(arr, j, desc);
-                                       } else {
-                                               arr[j] = value;
-                                       }
-                                       ++j;
-                               }
-                               length = j;
-                       }
-               }
-               if (length === undefined) {
-                       // Source: array or array-like
-                       length = toPosInteger(arrayLike.length);
-                       if (Context) arr = new Context(length);
-                       for (i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
-                               value = mapFn ? call.call(mapFn, thisArg, arrayLike[i], i) : arrayLike[i];
-                               if (Context) {
-                                       desc.value = value;
-                                       defineProperty$4(arr, i, desc);
-                               } else {
-                                       arr[i] = value;
-                               }
-                       }
-               }
-               if (Context) {
-                       desc.value = null;
-                       arr.length = length;
-               }
-               return arr;
+       // `Object.getOwnPropertyNames` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertynames
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertynames -- safe
+       objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f = Object.getOwnPropertyNames || function getOwnPropertyNames(O) {
+         return internalObjectKeys$1(O, hiddenKeys$3);
        };
 
-       var from_1 = isImplemented$a() ? Array.from : shim$7;
-
-       var copy = function (obj/*, propertyNames, options*/) {
-               var copy = Object(validValue(obj)), propertyNames = arguments[1], options = Object(arguments[2]);
-               if (copy !== obj && !propertyNames) return copy;
-               var result = {};
-               if (propertyNames) {
-                       from_1(propertyNames, function (propertyName) {
-                               if (options.ensure || propertyName in obj) result[propertyName] = obj[propertyName];
-                       });
-               } else {
-                       assign(result, obj);
-               }
-               return result;
-       };
+       var objectGetOwnPropertySymbols = {};
 
-       var bind                    = Function.prototype.bind
-         , call$1                    = Function.prototype.call
-         , keys$2                    = Object.keys
-         , objPropertyIsEnumerable = Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable;
-
-       var _iterate = function (method, defVal) {
-               return function (obj, cb/*, thisArg, compareFn*/) {
-                       var list, thisArg = arguments[2], compareFn = arguments[3];
-                       obj = Object(validValue(obj));
-                       validCallable(cb);
-
-                       list = keys$2(obj);
-                       if (compareFn) {
-                               list.sort(typeof compareFn === "function" ? bind.call(compareFn, obj) : undefined);
-                       }
-                       if (typeof method !== "function") method = list[method];
-                       return call$1.call(method, list, function (key, index) {
-                               if (!objPropertyIsEnumerable.call(obj, key)) return defVal;
-                               return call$1.call(cb, thisArg, obj[key], key, obj, index);
-                       });
-               };
-       };
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertysymbols -- safe
+       objectGetOwnPropertySymbols.f = Object.getOwnPropertySymbols;
 
-       var forEach$1 = _iterate("forEach");
+       var getBuiltIn$8 = getBuiltIn$b;
+       var uncurryThis$P = functionUncurryThis;
+       var getOwnPropertyNamesModule$2 = objectGetOwnPropertyNames;
+       var getOwnPropertySymbolsModule$2 = objectGetOwnPropertySymbols;
+       var anObject$l = anObject$n;
 
-       var call$2     = Function.prototype.call;
+       var concat$3 = uncurryThis$P([].concat);
 
-       var map$1 = function (obj, cb/*, thisArg*/) {
-               var result = {}, thisArg = arguments[2];
-               validCallable(cb);
-               forEach$1(obj, function (value, key, targetObj, index) {
-                       result[key] = call$2.call(cb, thisArg, value, key, targetObj, index);
-               });
-               return result;
+       // all object keys, includes non-enumerable and symbols
+       var ownKeys$1 = getBuiltIn$8('Reflect', 'ownKeys') || function ownKeys(it) {
+         var keys = getOwnPropertyNamesModule$2.f(anObject$l(it));
+         var getOwnPropertySymbols = getOwnPropertySymbolsModule$2.f;
+         return getOwnPropertySymbols ? concat$3(keys, getOwnPropertySymbols(it)) : keys;
        };
 
-       var bind$1 = Function.prototype.bind
-         , defineProperty$5 = Object.defineProperty
-         , hasOwnProperty$1 = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty
-         , define;
-
-       define = function (name, desc, options) {
-               var value = ensure(desc) && ensure$1(desc.value), dgs;
-               dgs = copy(desc);
-               delete dgs.writable;
-               delete dgs.value;
-               dgs.get = function () {
-                       if (!options.overwriteDefinition && hasOwnProperty$1.call(this, name)) return value;
-                       desc.value = bind$1.call(value, options.resolveContext ? options.resolveContext(this) : this);
-                       defineProperty$5(this, name, desc);
-                       return this[name];
-               };
-               return dgs;
-       };
+       var hasOwn$f = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var ownKeys = ownKeys$1;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule$3 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+       var definePropertyModule$6 = objectDefineProperty;
 
-       var autoBind = function (props/*, options*/) {
-               var options = normalizeOptions(arguments[1]);
-               if (is(options.resolveContext)) ensure$1(options.resolveContext);
-               return map$1(props, function (desc, name) { return define(name, desc, options); });
+       var copyConstructorProperties$2 = function (target, source, exceptions) {
+         var keys = ownKeys(source);
+         var defineProperty = definePropertyModule$6.f;
+         var getOwnPropertyDescriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule$3.f;
+         for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
+           var key = keys[i];
+           if (!hasOwn$f(target, key) && !(exceptions && hasOwn$f(exceptions, key))) {
+             defineProperty(target, key, getOwnPropertyDescriptor(source, key));
+           }
+         }
        };
 
-       var defineProperty$6 = Object.defineProperty, defineProperties$2 = Object.defineProperties, Iterator;
-
-       var es6Iterator = Iterator = function (list, context) {
-               if (!(this instanceof Iterator)) throw new TypeError("Constructor requires 'new'");
-               defineProperties$2(this, {
-                       __list__: d_1("w", validValue(list)),
-                       __context__: d_1("w", context),
-                       __nextIndex__: d_1("w", 0)
-               });
-               if (!context) return;
-               validCallable(context.on);
-               context.on("_add", this._onAdd);
-               context.on("_delete", this._onDelete);
-               context.on("_clear", this._onClear);
+       var fails$O = fails$V;
+       var isCallable$i = isCallable$r;
+
+       var replacement = /#|\.prototype\./;
+
+       var isForced$5 = function (feature, detection) {
+         var value = data[normalize$1(feature)];
+         return value == POLYFILL ? true
+           : value == NATIVE ? false
+           : isCallable$i(detection) ? fails$O(detection)
+           : !!detection;
        };
 
-       // Internal %IteratorPrototype% doesn't expose its constructor
-       delete Iterator.prototype.constructor;
-
-       defineProperties$2(
-               Iterator.prototype,
-               assign(
-                       {
-                               _next: d_1(function () {
-                                       var i;
-                                       if (!this.__list__) return undefined;
-                                       if (this.__redo__) {
-                                               i = this.__redo__.shift();
-                                               if (i !== undefined) return i;
-                                       }
-                                       if (this.__nextIndex__ < this.__list__.length) return this.__nextIndex__++;
-                                       this._unBind();
-                                       return undefined;
-                               }),
-                               next: d_1(function () {
-                                       return this._createResult(this._next());
-                               }),
-                               _createResult: d_1(function (i) {
-                                       if (i === undefined) return { done: true, value: undefined };
-                                       return { done: false, value: this._resolve(i) };
-                               }),
-                               _resolve: d_1(function (i) {
-                                       return this.__list__[i];
-                               }),
-                               _unBind: d_1(function () {
-                                       this.__list__ = null;
-                                       delete this.__redo__;
-                                       if (!this.__context__) return;
-                                       this.__context__.off("_add", this._onAdd);
-                                       this.__context__.off("_delete", this._onDelete);
-                                       this.__context__.off("_clear", this._onClear);
-                                       this.__context__ = null;
-                               }),
-                               toString: d_1(function () {
-                                       return "[object " + (this[es6Symbol$1.toStringTag] || "Object") + "]";
-                               })
-                       },
-                       autoBind({
-                               _onAdd: d_1(function (index) {
-                                       if (index >= this.__nextIndex__) return;
-                                       ++this.__nextIndex__;
-                                       if (!this.__redo__) {
-                                               defineProperty$6(this, "__redo__", d_1("c", [index]));
-                                               return;
-                                       }
-                                       this.__redo__.forEach(function (redo, i) {
-                                               if (redo >= index) this.__redo__[i] = ++redo;
-                                       }, this);
-                                       this.__redo__.push(index);
-                               }),
-                               _onDelete: d_1(function (index) {
-                                       var i;
-                                       if (index >= this.__nextIndex__) return;
-                                       --this.__nextIndex__;
-                                       if (!this.__redo__) return;
-                                       i = this.__redo__.indexOf(index);
-                                       if (i !== -1) this.__redo__.splice(i, 1);
-                                       this.__redo__.forEach(function (redo, j) {
-                                               if (redo > index) this.__redo__[j] = --redo;
-                                       }, this);
-                               }),
-                               _onClear: d_1(function () {
-                                       if (this.__redo__) clear.call(this.__redo__);
-                                       this.__nextIndex__ = 0;
-                               })
-                       })
-               )
-       );
-
-       defineProperty$6(
-               Iterator.prototype,
-               es6Symbol$1.iterator,
-               d_1(function () {
-                       return this;
-               })
-       );
-
-       var array = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
-
-
-
-       var defineProperty = Object.defineProperty, ArrayIterator;
-
-       ArrayIterator = module.exports = function (arr, kind) {
-               if (!(this instanceof ArrayIterator)) throw new TypeError("Constructor requires 'new'");
-               es6Iterator.call(this, arr);
-               if (!kind) kind = "value";
-               else if (contains.call(kind, "key+value")) kind = "key+value";
-               else if (contains.call(kind, "key")) kind = "key";
-               else kind = "value";
-               defineProperty(this, "__kind__", d_1("", kind));
+       var normalize$1 = isForced$5.normalize = function (string) {
+         return String(string).replace(replacement, '.').toLowerCase();
        };
-       if (setPrototypeOf) setPrototypeOf(ArrayIterator, es6Iterator);
 
-       // Internal %ArrayIteratorPrototype% doesn't expose its constructor
-       delete ArrayIterator.prototype.constructor;
+       var data = isForced$5.data = {};
+       var NATIVE = isForced$5.NATIVE = 'N';
+       var POLYFILL = isForced$5.POLYFILL = 'P';
 
-       ArrayIterator.prototype = Object.create(es6Iterator.prototype, {
-               _resolve: d_1(function (i) {
-                       if (this.__kind__ === "value") return this.__list__[i];
-                       if (this.__kind__ === "key+value") return [i, this.__list__[i]];
-                       return i;
-               })
-       });
-       defineProperty(ArrayIterator.prototype, es6Symbol$1.toStringTag, d_1("c", "Array Iterator"));
-       });
+       var isForced_1 = isForced$5;
 
-       var string = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
+       var global$14 = global$1o;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor$4 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$8 = createNonEnumerableProperty$b;
+       var redefine$g = redefine$h.exports;
+       var setGlobal = setGlobal$3;
+       var copyConstructorProperties$1 = copyConstructorProperties$2;
+       var isForced$4 = isForced_1;
 
+       /*
+         options.target      - name of the target object
+         options.global      - target is the global object
+         options.stat        - export as static methods of target
+         options.proto       - export as prototype methods of target
+         options.real        - real prototype method for the `pure` version
+         options.forced      - export even if the native feature is available
+         options.bind        - bind methods to the target, required for the `pure` version
+         options.wrap        - wrap constructors to preventing global pollution, required for the `pure` version
+         options.unsafe      - use the simple assignment of property instead of delete + defineProperty
+         options.sham        - add a flag to not completely full polyfills
+         options.enumerable  - export as enumerable property
+         options.noTargetGet - prevent calling a getter on target
+         options.name        - the .name of the function if it does not match the key
+       */
+       var _export = function (options, source) {
+         var TARGET = options.target;
+         var GLOBAL = options.global;
+         var STATIC = options.stat;
+         var FORCED, target, key, targetProperty, sourceProperty, descriptor;
+         if (GLOBAL) {
+           target = global$14;
+         } else if (STATIC) {
+           target = global$14[TARGET] || setGlobal(TARGET, {});
+         } else {
+           target = (global$14[TARGET] || {}).prototype;
+         }
+         if (target) for (key in source) {
+           sourceProperty = source[key];
+           if (options.noTargetGet) {
+             descriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptor$4(target, key);
+             targetProperty = descriptor && descriptor.value;
+           } else targetProperty = target[key];
+           FORCED = isForced$4(GLOBAL ? key : TARGET + (STATIC ? '.' : '#') + key, options.forced);
+           // contained in target
+           if (!FORCED && targetProperty !== undefined) {
+             if (typeof sourceProperty == typeof targetProperty) continue;
+             copyConstructorProperties$1(sourceProperty, targetProperty);
+           }
+           // add a flag to not completely full polyfills
+           if (options.sham || (targetProperty && targetProperty.sham)) {
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$8(sourceProperty, 'sham', true);
+           }
+           // extend global
+           redefine$g(target, key, sourceProperty, options);
+         }
+       };
 
+       var $$1e = _export;
+       var global$13 = global$1o;
+       var uncurryThis$O = functionUncurryThis;
 
-       var defineProperty = Object.defineProperty, StringIterator;
+       var Date$1 = global$13.Date;
+       var getTime$2 = uncurryThis$O(Date$1.prototype.getTime);
 
-       StringIterator = module.exports = function (str) {
-               if (!(this instanceof StringIterator)) throw new TypeError("Constructor requires 'new'");
-               str = String(str);
-               es6Iterator.call(this, str);
-               defineProperty(this, "__length__", d_1("", str.length));
-       };
-       if (setPrototypeOf) setPrototypeOf(StringIterator, es6Iterator);
-
-       // Internal %ArrayIteratorPrototype% doesn't expose its constructor
-       delete StringIterator.prototype.constructor;
-
-       StringIterator.prototype = Object.create(es6Iterator.prototype, {
-               _next: d_1(function () {
-                       if (!this.__list__) return undefined;
-                       if (this.__nextIndex__ < this.__length__) return this.__nextIndex__++;
-                       this._unBind();
-                       return undefined;
-               }),
-               _resolve: d_1(function (i) {
-                       var char = this.__list__[i], code;
-                       if (this.__nextIndex__ === this.__length__) return char;
-                       code = char.charCodeAt(0);
-                       if (code >= 0xd800 && code <= 0xdbff) return char + this.__list__[this.__nextIndex__++];
-                       return char;
-               })
-       });
-       defineProperty(StringIterator.prototype, es6Symbol$1.toStringTag, d_1("c", "String Iterator"));
+       // `Date.now` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-date.now
+       $$1e({ target: 'Date', stat: true }, {
+         now: function now() {
+           return getTime$2(new Date$1());
+         }
        });
 
-       var iteratorSymbol$2 = es6Symbol$1.iterator;
+       var uncurryThis$N = functionUncurryThis;
+       var redefine$f = redefine$h.exports;
+
+       var DatePrototype$1 = Date.prototype;
+       var INVALID_DATE = 'Invalid Date';
+       var TO_STRING$1 = 'toString';
+       var un$DateToString = uncurryThis$N(DatePrototype$1[TO_STRING$1]);
+       var getTime$1 = uncurryThis$N(DatePrototype$1.getTime);
+
+       // `Date.prototype.toString` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-date.prototype.tostring
+       if (String(new Date(NaN)) != INVALID_DATE) {
+         redefine$f(DatePrototype$1, TO_STRING$1, function toString() {
+           var value = getTime$1(this);
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
+           return value === value ? un$DateToString(this) : INVALID_DATE;
+         });
+       }
 
-       var get = function (obj) {
-               if (typeof validIterable(obj)[iteratorSymbol$2] === "function") return obj[iteratorSymbol$2]();
-               if (isArguments(obj)) return new array(obj);
-               if (isString(obj)) return new string(obj);
-               return new array(obj);
-       };
+       function _typeof(obj) {
+         "@babel/helpers - typeof";
 
-       var isArray$2 = Array.isArray, call$3 = Function.prototype.call, some = Array.prototype.some;
-
-       var forOf = function (iterable, cb /*, thisArg*/) {
-               var mode, thisArg = arguments[2], result, doBreak, broken, i, length, char, code;
-               if (isArray$2(iterable) || isArguments(iterable)) mode = "array";
-               else if (isString(iterable)) mode = "string";
-               else iterable = get(iterable);
-
-               validCallable(cb);
-               doBreak = function () {
-                       broken = true;
-               };
-               if (mode === "array") {
-                       some.call(iterable, function (value) {
-                               call$3.call(cb, thisArg, value, doBreak);
-                               return broken;
-                       });
-                       return;
-               }
-               if (mode === "string") {
-                       length = iterable.length;
-                       for (i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
-                               char = iterable[i];
-                               if (i + 1 < length) {
-                                       code = char.charCodeAt(0);
-                                       if (code >= 0xd800 && code <= 0xdbff) char += iterable[++i];
-                               }
-                               call$3.call(cb, thisArg, char, doBreak);
-                               if (broken) break;
-                       }
-                       return;
-               }
-               result = iterable.next();
-
-               while (!result.done) {
-                       call$3.call(cb, thisArg, result.value, doBreak);
-                       if (broken) return;
-                       result = iterable.next();
-               }
-       };
+         return _typeof = "function" == typeof Symbol && "symbol" == typeof Symbol.iterator ? function (obj) {
+           return typeof obj;
+         } : function (obj) {
+           return obj && "function" == typeof Symbol && obj.constructor === Symbol && obj !== Symbol.prototype ? "symbol" : typeof obj;
+         }, _typeof(obj);
+       }
 
-       var iterator = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
+       function _classCallCheck$1(instance, Constructor) {
+         if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) {
+           throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function");
+         }
+       }
 
-       var toStringTagSymbol = es6Symbol.toStringTag
+       function _defineProperties$1(target, props) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
+           var descriptor = props[i];
+           descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false;
+           descriptor.configurable = true;
+           if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true;
+           Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor);
+         }
+       }
 
-         , defineProperty = Object.defineProperty
-         , SetIterator;
+       function _createClass$1(Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) {
+         if (protoProps) _defineProperties$1(Constructor.prototype, protoProps);
+         if (staticProps) _defineProperties$1(Constructor, staticProps);
+         Object.defineProperty(Constructor, "prototype", {
+           writable: false
+         });
+         return Constructor;
+       }
 
-       SetIterator = module.exports = function (set, kind) {
-               if (!(this instanceof SetIterator)) return new SetIterator(set, kind);
-               es6Iterator.call(this, set.__setData__, set);
-               if (!kind) kind = 'value';
-               else if (contains.call(kind, 'key+value')) kind = 'key+value';
-               else kind = 'value';
-               defineProperty(this, '__kind__', d_1('', kind));
-       };
-       if (setPrototypeOf) setPrototypeOf(SetIterator, es6Iterator);
-
-       SetIterator.prototype = Object.create(es6Iterator.prototype, {
-               constructor: d_1(SetIterator),
-               _resolve: d_1(function (i) {
-                       if (this.__kind__ === 'value') return this.__list__[i];
-                       return [this.__list__[i], this.__list__[i]];
-               }),
-               toString: d_1(function () { return '[object Set Iterator]'; })
-       });
-       defineProperty(SetIterator.prototype, toStringTagSymbol, d_1('c', 'Set Iterator'));
-       });
+       function _defineProperty(obj, key, value) {
+         if (key in obj) {
+           Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
+             value: value,
+             enumerable: true,
+             configurable: true,
+             writable: true
+           });
+         } else {
+           obj[key] = value;
+         }
 
-       // Exports true if environment provides native `Set` implementation,
-
-       var isNativeImplemented = (function () {
-               if (typeof Set === 'undefined') return false;
-               return (Object.prototype.toString.call(Set.prototype) === '[object Set]');
-       }());
-
-       var iterator$1       = validIterable
-
-         , call$4 = Function.prototype.call
-         , defineProperty$7 = Object.defineProperty, getPrototypeOf$1 = Object.getPrototypeOf
-         , SetPoly, getValues, NativeSet;
-
-       if (isNativeImplemented) NativeSet = Set;
-
-       var polyfill$2 = SetPoly = function Set(/*iterable*/) {
-               var iterable = arguments[0], self;
-               if (!(this instanceof SetPoly)) throw new TypeError('Constructor requires \'new\'');
-               if (isNativeImplemented && setPrototypeOf) self = setPrototypeOf(new NativeSet(), getPrototypeOf$1(this));
-               else self = this;
-               if (iterable != null) iterator$1(iterable);
-               defineProperty$7(self, '__setData__', d_1('c', []));
-               if (!iterable) return self;
-               forOf(iterable, function (value) {
-                       if (eIndexOf.call(this, value) !== -1) return;
-                       this.push(value);
-               }, self.__setData__);
-               return self;
-       };
+         return obj;
+       }
 
-       if (isNativeImplemented) {
-               if (setPrototypeOf) setPrototypeOf(SetPoly, NativeSet);
-               SetPoly.prototype = Object.create(NativeSet.prototype, { constructor: d_1(SetPoly) });
-       }
-
-       eventEmitter(Object.defineProperties(SetPoly.prototype, {
-               add: d_1(function (value) {
-                       if (this.has(value)) return this;
-                       this.emit('_add', this.__setData__.push(value) - 1, value);
-                       return this;
-               }),
-               clear: d_1(function () {
-                       if (!this.__setData__.length) return;
-                       clear.call(this.__setData__);
-                       this.emit('_clear');
-               }),
-               delete: d_1(function (value) {
-                       var index = eIndexOf.call(this.__setData__, value);
-                       if (index === -1) return false;
-                       this.__setData__.splice(index, 1);
-                       this.emit('_delete', index, value);
-                       return true;
-               }),
-               entries: d_1(function () { return new iterator(this, 'key+value'); }),
-               forEach: d_1(function (cb/*, thisArg*/) {
-                       var thisArg = arguments[1], iterator, result, value;
-                       validCallable(cb);
-                       iterator = this.values();
-                       result = iterator._next();
-                       while (result !== undefined) {
-                               value = iterator._resolve(result);
-                               call$4.call(cb, thisArg, value, value, this);
-                               result = iterator._next();
-                       }
-               }),
-               has: d_1(function (value) {
-                       return (eIndexOf.call(this.__setData__, value) !== -1);
-               }),
-               keys: d_1(getValues = function () { return this.values(); }),
-               size: d_1.gs(function () { return this.__setData__.length; }),
-               values: d_1(function () { return new iterator(this); }),
-               toString: d_1(function () { return '[object Set]'; })
-       }));
-       defineProperty$7(SetPoly.prototype, es6Symbol.iterator, d_1(getValues));
-       defineProperty$7(SetPoly.prototype, es6Symbol.toStringTag, d_1('c', 'Set'));
-
-       var es6Set = isImplemented() ? Set : polyfill$2;
-
-       var isImplemented$b = function () {
-               var map, iterator, result;
-               if (typeof Map !== 'function') return false;
-               try {
-                       // WebKit doesn't support arguments and crashes
-                       map = new Map([['raz', 'one'], ['dwa', 'two'], ['trzy', 'three']]);
-               } catch (e) {
-                       return false;
-               }
-               if (String(map) !== '[object Map]') return false;
-               if (map.size !== 3) return false;
-               if (typeof map.clear !== 'function') return false;
-               if (typeof map.delete !== 'function') return false;
-               if (typeof map.entries !== 'function') return false;
-               if (typeof map.forEach !== 'function') return false;
-               if (typeof map.get !== 'function') return false;
-               if (typeof map.has !== 'function') return false;
-               if (typeof map.keys !== 'function') return false;
-               if (typeof map.set !== 'function') return false;
-               if (typeof map.values !== 'function') return false;
-
-               iterator = map.entries();
-               result = iterator.next();
-               if (result.done !== false) return false;
-               if (!result.value) return false;
-               if (result.value[0] !== 'raz') return false;
-               if (result.value[1] !== 'one') return false;
-
-               return true;
-       };
+       function _slicedToArray(arr, i) {
+         return _arrayWithHoles(arr) || _iterableToArrayLimit(arr, i) || _unsupportedIterableToArray(arr, i) || _nonIterableRest();
+       }
 
-       var forEach$2 = Array.prototype.forEach, create$6 = Object.create;
+       function _toConsumableArray(arr) {
+         return _arrayWithoutHoles(arr) || _iterableToArray(arr) || _unsupportedIterableToArray(arr) || _nonIterableSpread();
+       }
 
-       // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
-       var primitiveSet = function (arg/*, …args*/) {
-               var set = create$6(null);
-               forEach$2.call(arguments, function (name) { set[name] = true; });
-               return set;
-       };
+       function _arrayWithoutHoles(arr) {
+         if (Array.isArray(arr)) return _arrayLikeToArray(arr);
+       }
 
-       var iteratorKinds = primitiveSet('key',
-               'value', 'key+value');
+       function _arrayWithHoles(arr) {
+         if (Array.isArray(arr)) return arr;
+       }
 
-       var iterator$2 = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
+       function _iterableToArray(iter) {
+         if (typeof Symbol !== "undefined" && iter[Symbol.iterator] != null || iter["@@iterator"] != null) return Array.from(iter);
+       }
 
-       var toStringTagSymbol = es6Symbol$1.toStringTag
+       function _iterableToArrayLimit(arr, i) {
+         var _i = arr == null ? null : typeof Symbol !== "undefined" && arr[Symbol.iterator] || arr["@@iterator"];
 
-         , defineProperties = Object.defineProperties
-         , unBind = es6Iterator.prototype._unBind
-         , MapIterator;
+         if (_i == null) return;
+         var _arr = [];
+         var _n = true;
+         var _d = false;
 
-       MapIterator = module.exports = function (map, kind) {
-               if (!(this instanceof MapIterator)) return new MapIterator(map, kind);
-               es6Iterator.call(this, map.__mapKeysData__, map);
-               if (!kind || !iteratorKinds[kind]) kind = 'key+value';
-               defineProperties(this, {
-                       __kind__: d_1('', kind),
-                       __values__: d_1('w', map.__mapValuesData__)
-               });
-       };
-       if (setPrototypeOf) setPrototypeOf(MapIterator, es6Iterator);
-
-       MapIterator.prototype = Object.create(es6Iterator.prototype, {
-               constructor: d_1(MapIterator),
-               _resolve: d_1(function (i) {
-                       if (this.__kind__ === 'value') return this.__values__[i];
-                       if (this.__kind__ === 'key') return this.__list__[i];
-                       return [this.__list__[i], this.__values__[i]];
-               }),
-               _unBind: d_1(function () {
-                       this.__values__ = null;
-                       unBind.call(this);
-               }),
-               toString: d_1(function () { return '[object Map Iterator]'; })
-       });
-       Object.defineProperty(MapIterator.prototype, toStringTagSymbol,
-               d_1('c', 'Map Iterator'));
-       });
+         var _s, _e;
 
-       // Exports true if environment provides native `Map` implementation,
-
-       var isNativeImplemented$1 = (function () {
-               if (typeof Map === 'undefined') return false;
-               return (Object.prototype.toString.call(new Map()) === '[object Map]');
-       }());
-
-       var iterator$3       = validIterable
-
-         , call$5 = Function.prototype.call
-         , defineProperties$3 = Object.defineProperties, getPrototypeOf$2 = Object.getPrototypeOf
-         , MapPoly;
-
-       var polyfill$3 = MapPoly = function (/*iterable*/) {
-               var iterable = arguments[0], keys, values, self;
-               if (!(this instanceof MapPoly)) throw new TypeError('Constructor requires \'new\'');
-               if (isNativeImplemented$1 && setPrototypeOf && (Map !== MapPoly)) {
-                       self = setPrototypeOf(new Map(), getPrototypeOf$2(this));
-               } else {
-                       self = this;
-               }
-               if (iterable != null) iterator$3(iterable);
-               defineProperties$3(self, {
-                       __mapKeysData__: d_1('c', keys = []),
-                       __mapValuesData__: d_1('c', values = [])
-               });
-               if (!iterable) return self;
-               forOf(iterable, function (value) {
-                       var key = validValue(value)[0];
-                       value = value[1];
-                       if (eIndexOf.call(keys, key) !== -1) return;
-                       keys.push(key);
-                       values.push(value);
-               }, self);
-               return self;
-       };
+         try {
+           for (_i = _i.call(arr); !(_n = (_s = _i.next()).done); _n = true) {
+             _arr.push(_s.value);
 
-       if (isNativeImplemented$1) {
-               if (setPrototypeOf) setPrototypeOf(MapPoly, Map);
-               MapPoly.prototype = Object.create(Map.prototype, {
-                       constructor: d_1(MapPoly)
-               });
-       }
-
-       eventEmitter(defineProperties$3(MapPoly.prototype, {
-               clear: d_1(function () {
-                       if (!this.__mapKeysData__.length) return;
-                       clear.call(this.__mapKeysData__);
-                       clear.call(this.__mapValuesData__);
-                       this.emit('_clear');
-               }),
-               delete: d_1(function (key) {
-                       var index = eIndexOf.call(this.__mapKeysData__, key);
-                       if (index === -1) return false;
-                       this.__mapKeysData__.splice(index, 1);
-                       this.__mapValuesData__.splice(index, 1);
-                       this.emit('_delete', index, key);
-                       return true;
-               }),
-               entries: d_1(function () { return new iterator$2(this, 'key+value'); }),
-               forEach: d_1(function (cb/*, thisArg*/) {
-                       var thisArg = arguments[1], iterator, result;
-                       validCallable(cb);
-                       iterator = this.entries();
-                       result = iterator._next();
-                       while (result !== undefined) {
-                               call$5.call(cb, thisArg, this.__mapValuesData__[result],
-                                       this.__mapKeysData__[result], this);
-                               result = iterator._next();
-                       }
-               }),
-               get: d_1(function (key) {
-                       var index = eIndexOf.call(this.__mapKeysData__, key);
-                       if (index === -1) return;
-                       return this.__mapValuesData__[index];
-               }),
-               has: d_1(function (key) {
-                       return (eIndexOf.call(this.__mapKeysData__, key) !== -1);
-               }),
-               keys: d_1(function () { return new iterator$2(this, 'key'); }),
-               set: d_1(function (key, value) {
-                       var index = eIndexOf.call(this.__mapKeysData__, key), emit;
-                       if (index === -1) {
-                               index = this.__mapKeysData__.push(key) - 1;
-                               emit = true;
-                       }
-                       this.__mapValuesData__[index] = value;
-                       if (emit) this.emit('_add', index, key);
-                       return this;
-               }),
-               size: d_1.gs(function () { return this.__mapKeysData__.length; }),
-               values: d_1(function () { return new iterator$2(this, 'value'); }),
-               toString: d_1(function () { return '[object Map]'; })
-       }));
-       Object.defineProperty(MapPoly.prototype, es6Symbol$1.iterator, d_1(function () {
-               return this.entries();
-       }));
-       Object.defineProperty(MapPoly.prototype, es6Symbol$1.toStringTag, d_1('c', 'Map'));
-
-       var es6Map = isImplemented$b() ? Map : polyfill$3;
-
-       var toStr = Object.prototype.toString;
-
-       var isArguments$1 = function isArguments(value) {
-               var str = toStr.call(value);
-               var isArgs = str === '[object Arguments]';
-               if (!isArgs) {
-                       isArgs = str !== '[object Array]' &&
-                               value !== null &&
-                               typeof value === 'object' &&
-                               typeof value.length === 'number' &&
-                               value.length >= 0 &&
-                               toStr.call(value.callee) === '[object Function]';
-               }
-               return isArgs;
-       };
+             if (i && _arr.length === i) break;
+           }
+         } catch (err) {
+           _d = true;
+           _e = err;
+         } finally {
+           try {
+             if (!_n && _i["return"] != null) _i["return"]();
+           } finally {
+             if (_d) throw _e;
+           }
+         }
 
-       var keysShim;
-       if (!Object.keys) {
-               // modified from https://github.com/es-shims/es5-shim
-               var has = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
-               var toStr$1 = Object.prototype.toString;
-               var isArgs = isArguments$1; // eslint-disable-line global-require
-               var isEnumerable = Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable;
-               var hasDontEnumBug = !isEnumerable.call({ toString: null }, 'toString');
-               var hasProtoEnumBug = isEnumerable.call(function () {}, 'prototype');
-               var dontEnums = [
-                       'toString',
-                       'toLocaleString',
-                       'valueOf',
-                       'hasOwnProperty',
-                       'isPrototypeOf',
-                       'propertyIsEnumerable',
-                       'constructor'
-               ];
-               var equalsConstructorPrototype = function (o) {
-                       var ctor = o.constructor;
-                       return ctor && ctor.prototype === o;
-               };
-               var excludedKeys = {
-                       $applicationCache: true,
-                       $console: true,
-                       $external: true,
-                       $frame: true,
-                       $frameElement: true,
-                       $frames: true,
-                       $innerHeight: true,
-                       $innerWidth: true,
-                       $onmozfullscreenchange: true,
-                       $onmozfullscreenerror: true,
-                       $outerHeight: true,
-                       $outerWidth: true,
-                       $pageXOffset: true,
-                       $pageYOffset: true,
-                       $parent: true,
-                       $scrollLeft: true,
-                       $scrollTop: true,
-                       $scrollX: true,
-                       $scrollY: true,
-                       $self: true,
-                       $webkitIndexedDB: true,
-                       $webkitStorageInfo: true,
-                       $window: true
-               };
-               var hasAutomationEqualityBug = (function () {
-                       /* global window */
-                       if (typeof window === 'undefined') { return false; }
-                       for (var k in window) {
-                               try {
-                                       if (!excludedKeys['$' + k] && has.call(window, k) && window[k] !== null && typeof window[k] === 'object') {
-                                               try {
-                                                       equalsConstructorPrototype(window[k]);
-                                               } catch (e) {
-                                                       return true;
-                                               }
-                                       }
-                               } catch (e) {
-                                       return true;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return false;
-               }());
-               var equalsConstructorPrototypeIfNotBuggy = function (o) {
-                       /* global window */
-                       if (typeof window === 'undefined' || !hasAutomationEqualityBug) {
-                               return equalsConstructorPrototype(o);
-                       }
-                       try {
-                               return equalsConstructorPrototype(o);
-                       } catch (e) {
-                               return false;
-                       }
-               };
-
-               keysShim = function keys(object) {
-                       var isObject = object !== null && typeof object === 'object';
-                       var isFunction = toStr$1.call(object) === '[object Function]';
-                       var isArguments = isArgs(object);
-                       var isString = isObject && toStr$1.call(object) === '[object String]';
-                       var theKeys = [];
-
-                       if (!isObject && !isFunction && !isArguments) {
-                               throw new TypeError('Object.keys called on a non-object');
-                       }
-
-                       var skipProto = hasProtoEnumBug && isFunction;
-                       if (isString && object.length > 0 && !has.call(object, 0)) {
-                               for (var i = 0; i < object.length; ++i) {
-                                       theKeys.push(String(i));
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       if (isArguments && object.length > 0) {
-                               for (var j = 0; j < object.length; ++j) {
-                                       theKeys.push(String(j));
-                               }
-                       } else {
-                               for (var name in object) {
-                                       if (!(skipProto && name === 'prototype') && has.call(object, name)) {
-                                               theKeys.push(String(name));
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       if (hasDontEnumBug) {
-                               var skipConstructor = equalsConstructorPrototypeIfNotBuggy(object);
-
-                               for (var k = 0; k < dontEnums.length; ++k) {
-                                       if (!(skipConstructor && dontEnums[k] === 'constructor') && has.call(object, dontEnums[k])) {
-                                               theKeys.push(dontEnums[k]);
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return theKeys;
-               };
-       }
-       var implementation$1 = keysShim;
-
-       var slice = Array.prototype.slice;
-
-
-       var origKeys = Object.keys;
-       var keysShim$1 = origKeys ? function keys(o) { return origKeys(o); } : implementation$1;
-
-       var originalKeys = Object.keys;
-
-       keysShim$1.shim = function shimObjectKeys() {
-               if (Object.keys) {
-                       var keysWorksWithArguments = (function () {
-                               // Safari 5.0 bug
-                               var args = Object.keys(arguments);
-                               return args && args.length === arguments.length;
-                       }(1, 2));
-                       if (!keysWorksWithArguments) {
-                               Object.keys = function keys(object) { // eslint-disable-line func-name-matching
-                                       if (isArguments$1(object)) {
-                                               return originalKeys(slice.call(object));
-                                       }
-                                       return originalKeys(object);
-                               };
-                       }
-               } else {
-                       Object.keys = keysShim$1;
-               }
-               return Object.keys || keysShim$1;
-       };
+         return _arr;
+       }
 
-       var objectKeys = keysShim$1;
+       function _unsupportedIterableToArray(o, minLen) {
+         if (!o) return;
+         if (typeof o === "string") return _arrayLikeToArray(o, minLen);
+         var n = Object.prototype.toString.call(o).slice(8, -1);
+         if (n === "Object" && o.constructor) n = o.constructor.name;
+         if (n === "Map" || n === "Set") return Array.from(o);
+         if (n === "Arguments" || /^(?:Ui|I)nt(?:8|16|32)(?:Clamped)?Array$/.test(n)) return _arrayLikeToArray(o, minLen);
+       }
 
-       var hasSymbols = typeof Symbol === 'function' && typeof Symbol('foo') === 'symbol';
+       function _arrayLikeToArray(arr, len) {
+         if (len == null || len > arr.length) len = arr.length;
 
-       var toStr$2 = Object.prototype.toString;
-       var concat = Array.prototype.concat;
-       var origDefineProperty = Object.defineProperty;
+         for (var i = 0, arr2 = new Array(len); i < len; i++) arr2[i] = arr[i];
 
-       var isFunction$1 = function (fn) {
-               return typeof fn === 'function' && toStr$2.call(fn) === '[object Function]';
-       };
+         return arr2;
+       }
 
-       var arePropertyDescriptorsSupported = function () {
-               var obj = {};
-               try {
-                       origDefineProperty(obj, 'x', { enumerable: false, value: obj });
-                       // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars, no-restricted-syntax
-                       for (var _ in obj) { // jscs:ignore disallowUnusedVariables
-                               return false;
-                       }
-                       return obj.x === obj;
-               } catch (e) { /* this is IE 8. */
-                       return false;
-               }
-       };
-       var supportsDescriptors = origDefineProperty && arePropertyDescriptorsSupported();
-
-       var defineProperty$8 = function (object, name, value, predicate) {
-               if (name in object && (!isFunction$1(predicate) || !predicate())) {
-                       return;
-               }
-               if (supportsDescriptors) {
-                       origDefineProperty(object, name, {
-                               configurable: true,
-                               enumerable: false,
-                               value: value,
-                               writable: true
-                       });
-               } else {
-                       object[name] = value;
-               }
-       };
+       function _nonIterableSpread() {
+         throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to spread non-iterable instance.\nIn order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method.");
+       }
 
-       var defineProperties$4 = function (object, map) {
-               var predicates = arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : {};
-               var props = objectKeys(map);
-               if (hasSymbols) {
-                       props = concat.call(props, Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(map));
-               }
-               for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i += 1) {
-                       defineProperty$8(object, props[i], map[props[i]], predicates[props[i]]);
-               }
-       };
+       function _nonIterableRest() {
+         throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to destructure non-iterable instance.\nIn order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method.");
+       }
+
+       function _createForOfIteratorHelper(o, allowArrayLike) {
+         var it = typeof Symbol !== "undefined" && o[Symbol.iterator] || o["@@iterator"];
+
+         if (!it) {
+           if (Array.isArray(o) || (it = _unsupportedIterableToArray(o)) || allowArrayLike && o && typeof o.length === "number") {
+             if (it) o = it;
+             var i = 0;
 
-       defineProperties$4.supportsDescriptors = !!supportsDescriptors;
+             var F = function () {};
 
-       var defineProperties_1 = defineProperties$4;
+             return {
+               s: F,
+               n: function () {
+                 if (i >= o.length) return {
+                   done: true
+                 };
+                 return {
+                   done: false,
+                   value: o[i++]
+                 };
+               },
+               e: function (e) {
+                 throw e;
+               },
+               f: F
+             };
+           }
 
-       /* eslint complexity: [2, 18], max-statements: [2, 33] */
-       var shams = function hasSymbols() {
-               if (typeof Symbol !== 'function' || typeof Object.getOwnPropertySymbols !== 'function') { return false; }
-               if (typeof Symbol.iterator === 'symbol') { return true; }
+           throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to iterate non-iterable instance.\nIn order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method.");
+         }
 
-               var obj = {};
-               var sym = Symbol('test');
-               var symObj = Object(sym);
-               if (typeof sym === 'string') { return false; }
+         var normalCompletion = true,
+             didErr = false,
+             err;
+         return {
+           s: function () {
+             it = it.call(o);
+           },
+           n: function () {
+             var step = it.next();
+             normalCompletion = step.done;
+             return step;
+           },
+           e: function (e) {
+             didErr = true;
+             err = e;
+           },
+           f: function () {
+             try {
+               if (!normalCompletion && it.return != null) it.return();
+             } finally {
+               if (didErr) throw err;
+             }
+           }
+         };
+       }
 
-               if (Object.prototype.toString.call(sym) !== '[object Symbol]') { return false; }
-               if (Object.prototype.toString.call(symObj) !== '[object Symbol]') { return false; }
+       var $$1d = _export;
+       var global$12 = global$1o;
 
-               // temp disabled per https://github.com/ljharb/object.assign/issues/17
-               // if (sym instanceof Symbol) { return false; }
-               // temp disabled per https://github.com/WebReflection/get-own-property-symbols/issues/4
-               // if (!(symObj instanceof Symbol)) { return false; }
+       // `globalThis` object
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-globalthis
+       $$1d({ global: true }, {
+         globalThis: global$12
+       });
 
-               // if (typeof Symbol.prototype.toString !== 'function') { return false; }
-               // if (String(sym) !== Symbol.prototype.toString.call(sym)) { return false; }
+       var global$11 = global$1o;
 
-               var symVal = 42;
-               obj[sym] = symVal;
-               for (sym in obj) { return false; } // eslint-disable-line no-restricted-syntax
-               if (typeof Object.keys === 'function' && Object.keys(obj).length !== 0) { return false; }
+       var path$1 = global$11;
 
-               if (typeof Object.getOwnPropertyNames === 'function' && Object.getOwnPropertyNames(obj).length !== 0) { return false; }
+       var wellKnownSymbolWrapped = {};
 
-               var syms = Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(obj);
-               if (syms.length !== 1 || syms[0] !== sym) { return false; }
+       var wellKnownSymbol$r = wellKnownSymbol$t;
 
-               if (!Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable.call(obj, sym)) { return false; }
+       wellKnownSymbolWrapped.f = wellKnownSymbol$r;
 
-               if (typeof Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor === 'function') {
-                       var descriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(obj, sym);
-                       if (descriptor.value !== symVal || descriptor.enumerable !== true) { return false; }
-               }
+       var path = path$1;
+       var hasOwn$e = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var wrappedWellKnownSymbolModule$1 = wellKnownSymbolWrapped;
+       var defineProperty$c = objectDefineProperty.f;
 
-               return true;
+       var defineWellKnownSymbol$4 = function (NAME) {
+         var Symbol = path.Symbol || (path.Symbol = {});
+         if (!hasOwn$e(Symbol, NAME)) defineProperty$c(Symbol, NAME, {
+           value: wrappedWellKnownSymbolModule$1.f(NAME)
+         });
        };
 
-       var origSymbol = commonjsGlobal.Symbol;
+       var defineWellKnownSymbol$3 = defineWellKnownSymbol$4;
+
+       // `Symbol.iterator` well-known symbol
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-symbol.iterator
+       defineWellKnownSymbol$3('iterator');
 
+       var objectDefineProperties = {};
 
-       var hasSymbols$1 = function hasNativeSymbols() {
-               if (typeof origSymbol !== 'function') { return false; }
-               if (typeof Symbol !== 'function') { return false; }
-               if (typeof origSymbol('foo') !== 'symbol') { return false; }
-               if (typeof Symbol('bar') !== 'symbol') { return false; }
+       var internalObjectKeys = objectKeysInternal;
+       var enumBugKeys$1 = enumBugKeys$3;
 
-               return shams();
+       // `Object.keys` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.keys
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-keys -- safe
+       var objectKeys$4 = Object.keys || function keys(O) {
+         return internalObjectKeys(O, enumBugKeys$1);
        };
 
-       /* eslint no-invalid-this: 1 */
+       var DESCRIPTORS$j = descriptors;
+       var V8_PROTOTYPE_DEFINE_BUG = v8PrototypeDefineBug;
+       var definePropertyModule$5 = objectDefineProperty;
+       var anObject$k = anObject$n;
+       var toIndexedObject$9 = toIndexedObject$d;
+       var objectKeys$3 = objectKeys$4;
 
-       var ERROR_MESSAGE = 'Function.prototype.bind called on incompatible ';
-       var slice$1 = Array.prototype.slice;
-       var toStr$3 = Object.prototype.toString;
-       var funcType = '[object Function]';
+       // `Object.defineProperties` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperties
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-defineproperties -- safe
+       objectDefineProperties.f = DESCRIPTORS$j && !V8_PROTOTYPE_DEFINE_BUG ? Object.defineProperties : function defineProperties(O, Properties) {
+         anObject$k(O);
+         var props = toIndexedObject$9(Properties);
+         var keys = objectKeys$3(Properties);
+         var length = keys.length;
+         var index = 0;
+         var key;
+         while (length > index) definePropertyModule$5.f(O, key = keys[index++], props[key]);
+         return O;
+       };
+
+       var getBuiltIn$7 = getBuiltIn$b;
+
+       var html$2 = getBuiltIn$7('document', 'documentElement');
+
+       /* global ActiveXObject -- old IE, WSH */
+
+       var anObject$j = anObject$n;
+       var definePropertiesModule$1 = objectDefineProperties;
+       var enumBugKeys = enumBugKeys$3;
+       var hiddenKeys$2 = hiddenKeys$6;
+       var html$1 = html$2;
+       var documentCreateElement$1 = documentCreateElement$2;
+       var sharedKey$2 = sharedKey$4;
+
+       var GT = '>';
+       var LT = '<';
+       var PROTOTYPE$2 = 'prototype';
+       var SCRIPT = 'script';
+       var IE_PROTO$1 = sharedKey$2('IE_PROTO');
+
+       var EmptyConstructor = function () { /* empty */ };
+
+       var scriptTag = function (content) {
+         return LT + SCRIPT + GT + content + LT + '/' + SCRIPT + GT;
+       };
+
+       // Create object with fake `null` prototype: use ActiveX Object with cleared prototype
+       var NullProtoObjectViaActiveX = function (activeXDocument) {
+         activeXDocument.write(scriptTag(''));
+         activeXDocument.close();
+         var temp = activeXDocument.parentWindow.Object;
+         activeXDocument = null; // avoid memory leak
+         return temp;
+       };
+
+       // Create object with fake `null` prototype: use iframe Object with cleared prototype
+       var NullProtoObjectViaIFrame = function () {
+         // Thrash, waste and sodomy: IE GC bug
+         var iframe = documentCreateElement$1('iframe');
+         var JS = 'java' + SCRIPT + ':';
+         var iframeDocument;
+         iframe.style.display = 'none';
+         html$1.appendChild(iframe);
+         // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/475
+         iframe.src = String(JS);
+         iframeDocument = iframe.contentWindow.document;
+         iframeDocument.open();
+         iframeDocument.write(scriptTag('document.F=Object'));
+         iframeDocument.close();
+         return iframeDocument.F;
+       };
+
+       // Check for document.domain and active x support
+       // No need to use active x approach when document.domain is not set
+       // see https://github.com/es-shims/es5-shim/issues/150
+       // variation of https://github.com/kitcambridge/es5-shim/commit/4f738ac066346
+       // avoid IE GC bug
+       var activeXDocument;
+       var NullProtoObject = function () {
+         try {
+           activeXDocument = new ActiveXObject('htmlfile');
+         } catch (error) { /* ignore */ }
+         NullProtoObject = typeof document != 'undefined'
+           ? document.domain && activeXDocument
+             ? NullProtoObjectViaActiveX(activeXDocument) // old IE
+             : NullProtoObjectViaIFrame()
+           : NullProtoObjectViaActiveX(activeXDocument); // WSH
+         var length = enumBugKeys.length;
+         while (length--) delete NullProtoObject[PROTOTYPE$2][enumBugKeys[length]];
+         return NullProtoObject();
+       };
+
+       hiddenKeys$2[IE_PROTO$1] = true;
+
+       // `Object.create` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.create
+       var objectCreate = Object.create || function create(O, Properties) {
+         var result;
+         if (O !== null) {
+           EmptyConstructor[PROTOTYPE$2] = anObject$j(O);
+           result = new EmptyConstructor();
+           EmptyConstructor[PROTOTYPE$2] = null;
+           // add "__proto__" for Object.getPrototypeOf polyfill
+           result[IE_PROTO$1] = O;
+         } else result = NullProtoObject();
+         return Properties === undefined ? result : definePropertiesModule$1.f(result, Properties);
+       };
+
+       var wellKnownSymbol$q = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+       var create$a = objectCreate;
+       var definePropertyModule$4 = objectDefineProperty;
+
+       var UNSCOPABLES = wellKnownSymbol$q('unscopables');
+       var ArrayPrototype$1 = Array.prototype;
+
+       // Array.prototype[@@unscopables]
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
+       if (ArrayPrototype$1[UNSCOPABLES] == undefined) {
+         definePropertyModule$4.f(ArrayPrototype$1, UNSCOPABLES, {
+           configurable: true,
+           value: create$a(null)
+         });
+       }
 
-       var implementation$2 = function bind(that) {
-           var target = this;
-           if (typeof target !== 'function' || toStr$3.call(target) !== funcType) {
-               throw new TypeError(ERROR_MESSAGE + target);
-           }
-           var args = slice$1.call(arguments, 1);
+       // add a key to Array.prototype[@@unscopables]
+       var addToUnscopables$6 = function (key) {
+         ArrayPrototype$1[UNSCOPABLES][key] = true;
+       };
 
-           var bound;
-           var binder = function () {
-               if (this instanceof bound) {
-                   var result = target.apply(
-                       this,
-                       args.concat(slice$1.call(arguments))
-                   );
-                   if (Object(result) === result) {
-                       return result;
-                   }
-                   return this;
-               } else {
-                   return target.apply(
-                       that,
-                       args.concat(slice$1.call(arguments))
-                   );
-               }
-           };
+       var iterators = {};
 
-           var boundLength = Math.max(0, target.length - args.length);
-           var boundArgs = [];
-           for (var i = 0; i < boundLength; i++) {
-               boundArgs.push('$' + i);
-           }
+       var fails$N = fails$V;
 
-           bound = Function('binder', 'return function (' + boundArgs.join(',') + '){ return binder.apply(this,arguments); }')(binder);
+       var correctPrototypeGetter = !fails$N(function () {
+         function F() { /* empty */ }
+         F.prototype.constructor = null;
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getprototypeof -- required for testing
+         return Object.getPrototypeOf(new F()) !== F.prototype;
+       });
 
-           if (target.prototype) {
-               var Empty = function Empty() {};
-               Empty.prototype = target.prototype;
-               bound.prototype = new Empty();
-               Empty.prototype = null;
-           }
+       var global$10 = global$1o;
+       var hasOwn$d = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var isCallable$h = isCallable$r;
+       var toObject$g = toObject$i;
+       var sharedKey$1 = sharedKey$4;
+       var CORRECT_PROTOTYPE_GETTER$1 = correctPrototypeGetter;
+
+       var IE_PROTO = sharedKey$1('IE_PROTO');
+       var Object$2 = global$10.Object;
+       var ObjectPrototype$4 = Object$2.prototype;
+
+       // `Object.getPrototypeOf` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getprototypeof
+       var objectGetPrototypeOf = CORRECT_PROTOTYPE_GETTER$1 ? Object$2.getPrototypeOf : function (O) {
+         var object = toObject$g(O);
+         if (hasOwn$d(object, IE_PROTO)) return object[IE_PROTO];
+         var constructor = object.constructor;
+         if (isCallable$h(constructor) && object instanceof constructor) {
+           return constructor.prototype;
+         } return object instanceof Object$2 ? ObjectPrototype$4 : null;
+       };
+
+       var fails$M = fails$V;
+       var isCallable$g = isCallable$r;
+       var getPrototypeOf$4 = objectGetPrototypeOf;
+       var redefine$e = redefine$h.exports;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$p = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+
+       var ITERATOR$a = wellKnownSymbol$p('iterator');
+       var BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS$1 = false;
+
+       // `%IteratorPrototype%` object
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%iteratorprototype%-object
+       var IteratorPrototype$2, PrototypeOfArrayIteratorPrototype, arrayIterator;
+
+       /* eslint-disable es/no-array-prototype-keys -- safe */
+       if ([].keys) {
+         arrayIterator = [].keys();
+         // Safari 8 has buggy iterators w/o `next`
+         if (!('next' in arrayIterator)) BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS$1 = true;
+         else {
+           PrototypeOfArrayIteratorPrototype = getPrototypeOf$4(getPrototypeOf$4(arrayIterator));
+           if (PrototypeOfArrayIteratorPrototype !== Object.prototype) IteratorPrototype$2 = PrototypeOfArrayIteratorPrototype;
+         }
+       }
 
-           return bound;
-       };
+       var NEW_ITERATOR_PROTOTYPE = IteratorPrototype$2 == undefined || fails$M(function () {
+         var test = {};
+         // FF44- legacy iterators case
+         return IteratorPrototype$2[ITERATOR$a].call(test) !== test;
+       });
 
-       var functionBind = Function.prototype.bind || implementation$2;
+       if (NEW_ITERATOR_PROTOTYPE) IteratorPrototype$2 = {};
 
-       /* globals
-               Atomics,
-               SharedArrayBuffer,
-       */
+       // `%IteratorPrototype%[@@iterator]()` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%iteratorprototype%-@@iterator
+       if (!isCallable$g(IteratorPrototype$2[ITERATOR$a])) {
+         redefine$e(IteratorPrototype$2, ITERATOR$a, function () {
+           return this;
+         });
+       }
 
-       var undefined$1;
-
-       var $TypeError = TypeError;
-
-       var $gOPD = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;
-       if ($gOPD) {
-               try {
-                       $gOPD({}, '');
-               } catch (e) {
-                       $gOPD = null; // this is IE 8, which has a broken gOPD
-               }
-       }
-
-       var throwTypeError = function () { throw new $TypeError(); };
-       var ThrowTypeError = $gOPD
-               ? (function () {
-                       try {
-                               // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-expressions, no-caller, no-restricted-properties
-                               arguments.callee; // IE 8 does not throw here
-                               return throwTypeError;
-                       } catch (calleeThrows) {
-                               try {
-                                       // IE 8 throws on Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(arguments, '')
-                                       return $gOPD(arguments, 'callee').get;
-                               } catch (gOPDthrows) {
-                                       return throwTypeError;
-                               }
-                       }
-               }())
-               : throwTypeError;
-
-       var hasSymbols$2 = hasSymbols$1();
-
-       var getProto = Object.getPrototypeOf || function (x) { return x.__proto__; }; // eslint-disable-line no-proto
-       var generatorFunction =  undefined$1;
-       var asyncFunction =  undefined$1;
-       var asyncGenFunction =  undefined$1;
-
-       var TypedArray = typeof Uint8Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : getProto(Uint8Array);
-
-       var INTRINSICS = {
-               '%Array%': Array,
-               '%ArrayBuffer%': typeof ArrayBuffer === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : ArrayBuffer,
-               '%ArrayBufferPrototype%': typeof ArrayBuffer === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : ArrayBuffer.prototype,
-               '%ArrayIteratorPrototype%': hasSymbols$2 ? getProto([][Symbol.iterator]()) : undefined$1,
-               '%ArrayPrototype%': Array.prototype,
-               '%ArrayProto_entries%': Array.prototype.entries,
-               '%ArrayProto_forEach%': Array.prototype.forEach,
-               '%ArrayProto_keys%': Array.prototype.keys,
-               '%ArrayProto_values%': Array.prototype.values,
-               '%AsyncFromSyncIteratorPrototype%': undefined$1,
-               '%AsyncFunction%': asyncFunction,
-               '%AsyncFunctionPrototype%':  undefined$1,
-               '%AsyncGenerator%':  undefined$1,
-               '%AsyncGeneratorFunction%': asyncGenFunction,
-               '%AsyncGeneratorPrototype%':  undefined$1,
-               '%AsyncIteratorPrototype%':  undefined$1,
-               '%Atomics%': typeof Atomics === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Atomics,
-               '%Boolean%': Boolean,
-               '%BooleanPrototype%': Boolean.prototype,
-               '%DataView%': typeof DataView === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : DataView,
-               '%DataViewPrototype%': typeof DataView === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : DataView.prototype,
-               '%Date%': Date,
-               '%DatePrototype%': Date.prototype,
-               '%decodeURI%': decodeURI,
-               '%decodeURIComponent%': decodeURIComponent,
-               '%encodeURI%': encodeURI,
-               '%encodeURIComponent%': encodeURIComponent,
-               '%Error%': Error,
-               '%ErrorPrototype%': Error.prototype,
-               '%eval%': eval, // eslint-disable-line no-eval
-               '%EvalError%': EvalError,
-               '%EvalErrorPrototype%': EvalError.prototype,
-               '%Float32Array%': typeof Float32Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Float32Array,
-               '%Float32ArrayPrototype%': typeof Float32Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Float32Array.prototype,
-               '%Float64Array%': typeof Float64Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Float64Array,
-               '%Float64ArrayPrototype%': typeof Float64Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Float64Array.prototype,
-               '%Function%': Function,
-               '%FunctionPrototype%': Function.prototype,
-               '%Generator%':  undefined$1,
-               '%GeneratorFunction%': generatorFunction,
-               '%GeneratorPrototype%':  undefined$1,
-               '%Int8Array%': typeof Int8Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Int8Array,
-               '%Int8ArrayPrototype%': typeof Int8Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Int8Array.prototype,
-               '%Int16Array%': typeof Int16Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Int16Array,
-               '%Int16ArrayPrototype%': typeof Int16Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Int8Array.prototype,
-               '%Int32Array%': typeof Int32Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Int32Array,
-               '%Int32ArrayPrototype%': typeof Int32Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Int32Array.prototype,
-               '%isFinite%': isFinite,
-               '%isNaN%': isNaN,
-               '%IteratorPrototype%': hasSymbols$2 ? getProto(getProto([][Symbol.iterator]())) : undefined$1,
-               '%JSON%': typeof JSON === 'object' ? JSON : undefined$1,
-               '%JSONParse%': typeof JSON === 'object' ? JSON.parse : undefined$1,
-               '%Map%': typeof Map === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Map,
-               '%MapIteratorPrototype%': typeof Map === 'undefined' || !hasSymbols$2 ? undefined$1 : getProto(new Map()[Symbol.iterator]()),
-               '%MapPrototype%': typeof Map === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Map.prototype,
-               '%Math%': Math,
-               '%Number%': Number,
-               '%NumberPrototype%': Number.prototype,
-               '%Object%': Object,
-               '%ObjectPrototype%': Object.prototype,
-               '%ObjProto_toString%': Object.prototype.toString,
-               '%ObjProto_valueOf%': Object.prototype.valueOf,
-               '%parseFloat%': parseFloat,
-               '%parseInt%': parseInt,
-               '%Promise%': typeof Promise === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Promise,
-               '%PromisePrototype%': typeof Promise === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Promise.prototype,
-               '%PromiseProto_then%': typeof Promise === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Promise.prototype.then,
-               '%Promise_all%': typeof Promise === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Promise.all,
-               '%Promise_reject%': typeof Promise === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Promise.reject,
-               '%Promise_resolve%': typeof Promise === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Promise.resolve,
-               '%Proxy%': typeof Proxy === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Proxy,
-               '%RangeError%': RangeError,
-               '%RangeErrorPrototype%': RangeError.prototype,
-               '%ReferenceError%': ReferenceError,
-               '%ReferenceErrorPrototype%': ReferenceError.prototype,
-               '%Reflect%': typeof Reflect === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Reflect,
-               '%RegExp%': RegExp,
-               '%RegExpPrototype%': RegExp.prototype,
-               '%Set%': typeof Set === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Set,
-               '%SetIteratorPrototype%': typeof Set === 'undefined' || !hasSymbols$2 ? undefined$1 : getProto(new Set()[Symbol.iterator]()),
-               '%SetPrototype%': typeof Set === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Set.prototype,
-               '%SharedArrayBuffer%': typeof SharedArrayBuffer === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : SharedArrayBuffer,
-               '%SharedArrayBufferPrototype%': typeof SharedArrayBuffer === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : SharedArrayBuffer.prototype,
-               '%String%': String,
-               '%StringIteratorPrototype%': hasSymbols$2 ? getProto(''[Symbol.iterator]()) : undefined$1,
-               '%StringPrototype%': String.prototype,
-               '%Symbol%': hasSymbols$2 ? Symbol : undefined$1,
-               '%SymbolPrototype%': hasSymbols$2 ? Symbol.prototype : undefined$1,
-               '%SyntaxError%': SyntaxError,
-               '%SyntaxErrorPrototype%': SyntaxError.prototype,
-               '%ThrowTypeError%': ThrowTypeError,
-               '%TypedArray%': TypedArray,
-               '%TypedArrayPrototype%': TypedArray ? TypedArray.prototype : undefined$1,
-               '%TypeError%': $TypeError,
-               '%TypeErrorPrototype%': $TypeError.prototype,
-               '%Uint8Array%': typeof Uint8Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Uint8Array,
-               '%Uint8ArrayPrototype%': typeof Uint8Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Uint8Array.prototype,
-               '%Uint8ClampedArray%': typeof Uint8ClampedArray === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Uint8ClampedArray,
-               '%Uint8ClampedArrayPrototype%': typeof Uint8ClampedArray === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Uint8ClampedArray.prototype,
-               '%Uint16Array%': typeof Uint16Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Uint16Array,
-               '%Uint16ArrayPrototype%': typeof Uint16Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Uint16Array.prototype,
-               '%Uint32Array%': typeof Uint32Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Uint32Array,
-               '%Uint32ArrayPrototype%': typeof Uint32Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Uint32Array.prototype,
-               '%URIError%': URIError,
-               '%URIErrorPrototype%': URIError.prototype,
-               '%WeakMap%': typeof WeakMap === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : WeakMap,
-               '%WeakMapPrototype%': typeof WeakMap === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : WeakMap.prototype,
-               '%WeakSet%': typeof WeakSet === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : WeakSet,
-               '%WeakSetPrototype%': typeof WeakSet === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : WeakSet.prototype
+       var iteratorsCore = {
+         IteratorPrototype: IteratorPrototype$2,
+         BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS: BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS$1
        };
 
+       var defineProperty$b = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var hasOwn$c = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$o = wellKnownSymbol$t;
 
-       var $replace = functionBind.call(Function.call, String.prototype.replace);
+       var TO_STRING_TAG$4 = wellKnownSymbol$o('toStringTag');
 
-       /* adapted from https://github.com/lodash/lodash/blob/4.17.15/dist/lodash.js#L6735-L6744 */
-       var rePropName = /[^%.[\]]+|\[(?:(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?)|(["'])((?:(?!\2)[^\\]|\\.)*?)\2)\]|(?=(?:\.|\[\])(?:\.|\[\]|%$))/g;
-       var reEscapeChar = /\\(\\)?/g; /** Used to match backslashes in property paths. */
-       var stringToPath = function stringToPath(string) {
-               var result = [];
-               $replace(string, rePropName, function (match, number, quote, subString) {
-                       result[result.length] = quote ? $replace(subString, reEscapeChar, '$1') : (number || match);
-               });
-               return result;
+       var setToStringTag$a = function (target, TAG, STATIC) {
+         if (target && !STATIC) target = target.prototype;
+         if (target && !hasOwn$c(target, TO_STRING_TAG$4)) {
+           defineProperty$b(target, TO_STRING_TAG$4, { configurable: true, value: TAG });
+         }
        };
-       /* end adaptation */
 
-       var getBaseIntrinsic = function getBaseIntrinsic(name, allowMissing) {
-               if (!(name in INTRINSICS)) {
-                       throw new SyntaxError('intrinsic ' + name + ' does not exist!');
-               }
+       var IteratorPrototype$1 = iteratorsCore.IteratorPrototype;
+       var create$9 = objectCreate;
+       var createPropertyDescriptor$4 = createPropertyDescriptor$7;
+       var setToStringTag$9 = setToStringTag$a;
+       var Iterators$4 = iterators;
 
-               // istanbul ignore if // hopefully this is impossible to test :-)
-               if (typeof INTRINSICS[name] === 'undefined' && !allowMissing) {
-                       throw new $TypeError('intrinsic ' + name + ' exists, but is not available. Please file an issue!');
-               }
+       var returnThis$1 = function () { return this; };
 
-               return INTRINSICS[name];
+       var createIteratorConstructor$2 = function (IteratorConstructor, NAME, next, ENUMERABLE_NEXT) {
+         var TO_STRING_TAG = NAME + ' Iterator';
+         IteratorConstructor.prototype = create$9(IteratorPrototype$1, { next: createPropertyDescriptor$4(+!ENUMERABLE_NEXT, next) });
+         setToStringTag$9(IteratorConstructor, TO_STRING_TAG, false);
+         Iterators$4[TO_STRING_TAG] = returnThis$1;
+         return IteratorConstructor;
        };
 
-       var GetIntrinsic = function GetIntrinsic(name, allowMissing) {
-               if (typeof name !== 'string' || name.length === 0) {
-                       throw new TypeError('intrinsic name must be a non-empty string');
-               }
-               if (arguments.length > 1 && typeof allowMissing !== 'boolean') {
-                       throw new TypeError('"allowMissing" argument must be a boolean');
-               }
-
-               var parts = stringToPath(name);
-
-               var value = getBaseIntrinsic('%' + (parts.length > 0 ? parts[0] : '') + '%', allowMissing);
-               for (var i = 1; i < parts.length; i += 1) {
-                       if (value != null) {
-                               if ($gOPD && (i + 1) >= parts.length) {
-                                       var desc = $gOPD(value, parts[i]);
-                                       if (!allowMissing && !(parts[i] in value)) {
-                                               throw new $TypeError('base intrinsic for ' + name + ' exists, but the property is not available.');
-                                       }
-                                       value = desc ? (desc.get || desc.value) : value[parts[i]];
-                               } else {
-                                       value = value[parts[i]];
-                               }
-                       }
-               }
-               return value;
-       };
-
-       var $TypeError$1 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');
+       var global$$ = global$1o;
+       var isCallable$f = isCallable$r;
 
-       // http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-9.10
+       var String$4 = global$$.String;
+       var TypeError$i = global$$.TypeError;
 
-       var CheckObjectCoercible = function CheckObjectCoercible(value, optMessage) {
-               if (value == null) {
-                       throw new $TypeError$1(optMessage || ('Cannot call method on ' + value));
-               }
-               return value;
+       var aPossiblePrototype$1 = function (argument) {
+         if (typeof argument == 'object' || isCallable$f(argument)) return argument;
+         throw TypeError$i("Can't set " + String$4(argument) + ' as a prototype');
        };
 
-       var RequireObjectCoercible = CheckObjectCoercible;
+       /* eslint-disable no-proto -- safe */
 
-       var $Object = GetIntrinsic('%Object%');
+       var uncurryThis$M = functionUncurryThis;
+       var anObject$i = anObject$n;
+       var aPossiblePrototype = aPossiblePrototype$1;
 
+       // `Object.setPrototypeOf` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.setprototypeof
+       // Works with __proto__ only. Old v8 can't work with null proto objects.
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-setprototypeof -- safe
+       var objectSetPrototypeOf = Object.setPrototypeOf || ('__proto__' in {} ? function () {
+         var CORRECT_SETTER = false;
+         var test = {};
+         var setter;
+         try {
+           // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertydescriptor -- safe
+           setter = uncurryThis$M(Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Object.prototype, '__proto__').set);
+           setter(test, []);
+           CORRECT_SETTER = test instanceof Array;
+         } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
+         return function setPrototypeOf(O, proto) {
+           anObject$i(O);
+           aPossiblePrototype(proto);
+           if (CORRECT_SETTER) setter(O, proto);
+           else O.__proto__ = proto;
+           return O;
+         };
+       }() : undefined);
+
+       var $$1c = _export;
+       var call$l = functionCall;
+       var FunctionName$1 = functionName;
+       var isCallable$e = isCallable$r;
+       var createIteratorConstructor$1 = createIteratorConstructor$2;
+       var getPrototypeOf$3 = objectGetPrototypeOf;
+       var setPrototypeOf$6 = objectSetPrototypeOf;
+       var setToStringTag$8 = setToStringTag$a;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$7 = createNonEnumerableProperty$b;
+       var redefine$d = redefine$h.exports;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$n = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+       var Iterators$3 = iterators;
+       var IteratorsCore = iteratorsCore;
+
+       var PROPER_FUNCTION_NAME$3 = FunctionName$1.PROPER;
+       var CONFIGURABLE_FUNCTION_NAME$1 = FunctionName$1.CONFIGURABLE;
+       var IteratorPrototype = IteratorsCore.IteratorPrototype;
+       var BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS = IteratorsCore.BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS;
+       var ITERATOR$9 = wellKnownSymbol$n('iterator');
+       var KEYS = 'keys';
+       var VALUES = 'values';
+       var ENTRIES = 'entries';
+
+       var returnThis = function () { return this; };
+
+       var defineIterator$3 = function (Iterable, NAME, IteratorConstructor, next, DEFAULT, IS_SET, FORCED) {
+         createIteratorConstructor$1(IteratorConstructor, NAME, next);
+
+         var getIterationMethod = function (KIND) {
+           if (KIND === DEFAULT && defaultIterator) return defaultIterator;
+           if (!BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS && KIND in IterablePrototype) return IterablePrototype[KIND];
+           switch (KIND) {
+             case KEYS: return function keys() { return new IteratorConstructor(this, KIND); };
+             case VALUES: return function values() { return new IteratorConstructor(this, KIND); };
+             case ENTRIES: return function entries() { return new IteratorConstructor(this, KIND); };
+           } return function () { return new IteratorConstructor(this); };
+         };
+
+         var TO_STRING_TAG = NAME + ' Iterator';
+         var INCORRECT_VALUES_NAME = false;
+         var IterablePrototype = Iterable.prototype;
+         var nativeIterator = IterablePrototype[ITERATOR$9]
+           || IterablePrototype['@@iterator']
+           || DEFAULT && IterablePrototype[DEFAULT];
+         var defaultIterator = !BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS && nativeIterator || getIterationMethod(DEFAULT);
+         var anyNativeIterator = NAME == 'Array' ? IterablePrototype.entries || nativeIterator : nativeIterator;
+         var CurrentIteratorPrototype, methods, KEY;
+
+         // fix native
+         if (anyNativeIterator) {
+           CurrentIteratorPrototype = getPrototypeOf$3(anyNativeIterator.call(new Iterable()));
+           if (CurrentIteratorPrototype !== Object.prototype && CurrentIteratorPrototype.next) {
+             if (getPrototypeOf$3(CurrentIteratorPrototype) !== IteratorPrototype) {
+               if (setPrototypeOf$6) {
+                 setPrototypeOf$6(CurrentIteratorPrototype, IteratorPrototype);
+               } else if (!isCallable$e(CurrentIteratorPrototype[ITERATOR$9])) {
+                 redefine$d(CurrentIteratorPrototype, ITERATOR$9, returnThis);
+               }
+             }
+             // Set @@toStringTag to native iterators
+             setToStringTag$8(CurrentIteratorPrototype, TO_STRING_TAG, true);
+           }
+         }
+
+         // fix Array.prototype.{ values, @@iterator }.name in V8 / FF
+         if (PROPER_FUNCTION_NAME$3 && DEFAULT == VALUES && nativeIterator && nativeIterator.name !== VALUES) {
+           if (CONFIGURABLE_FUNCTION_NAME$1) {
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$7(IterablePrototype, 'name', VALUES);
+           } else {
+             INCORRECT_VALUES_NAME = true;
+             defaultIterator = function values() { return call$l(nativeIterator, this); };
+           }
+         }
+
+         // export additional methods
+         if (DEFAULT) {
+           methods = {
+             values: getIterationMethod(VALUES),
+             keys: IS_SET ? defaultIterator : getIterationMethod(KEYS),
+             entries: getIterationMethod(ENTRIES)
+           };
+           if (FORCED) for (KEY in methods) {
+             if (BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS || INCORRECT_VALUES_NAME || !(KEY in IterablePrototype)) {
+               redefine$d(IterablePrototype, KEY, methods[KEY]);
+             }
+           } else $$1c({ target: NAME, proto: true, forced: BUGGY_SAFARI_ITERATORS || INCORRECT_VALUES_NAME }, methods);
+         }
+
+         // define iterator
+         if (IterablePrototype[ITERATOR$9] !== defaultIterator) {
+           redefine$d(IterablePrototype, ITERATOR$9, defaultIterator, { name: DEFAULT });
+         }
+         Iterators$3[NAME] = defaultIterator;
+
+         return methods;
+       };
+
+       var toIndexedObject$8 = toIndexedObject$d;
+       var addToUnscopables$5 = addToUnscopables$6;
+       var Iterators$2 = iterators;
+       var InternalStateModule$8 = internalState;
+       var defineProperty$a = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var defineIterator$2 = defineIterator$3;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$i = descriptors;
+
+       var ARRAY_ITERATOR = 'Array Iterator';
+       var setInternalState$8 = InternalStateModule$8.set;
+       var getInternalState$6 = InternalStateModule$8.getterFor(ARRAY_ITERATOR);
+
+       // `Array.prototype.entries` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.entries
+       // `Array.prototype.keys` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.keys
+       // `Array.prototype.values` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.values
+       // `Array.prototype[@@iterator]` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@iterator
+       // `CreateArrayIterator` internal method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-createarrayiterator
+       var es_array_iterator = defineIterator$2(Array, 'Array', function (iterated, kind) {
+         setInternalState$8(this, {
+           type: ARRAY_ITERATOR,
+           target: toIndexedObject$8(iterated), // target
+           index: 0,                          // next index
+           kind: kind                         // kind
+         });
+       // `%ArrayIteratorPrototype%.next` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%arrayiteratorprototype%.next
+       }, function () {
+         var state = getInternalState$6(this);
+         var target = state.target;
+         var kind = state.kind;
+         var index = state.index++;
+         if (!target || index >= target.length) {
+           state.target = undefined;
+           return { value: undefined, done: true };
+         }
+         if (kind == 'keys') return { value: index, done: false };
+         if (kind == 'values') return { value: target[index], done: false };
+         return { value: [index, target[index]], done: false };
+       }, 'values');
+
+       // argumentsList[@@iterator] is %ArrayProto_values%
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-createunmappedargumentsobject
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-createmappedargumentsobject
+       var values = Iterators$2.Arguments = Iterators$2.Array;
+
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
+       addToUnscopables$5('keys');
+       addToUnscopables$5('values');
+       addToUnscopables$5('entries');
+
+       // V8 ~ Chrome 45- bug
+       if (DESCRIPTORS$i && values.name !== 'values') try {
+         defineProperty$a(values, 'name', { value: 'values' });
+       } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
+
+       var wellKnownSymbol$m = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+
+       var TO_STRING_TAG$3 = wellKnownSymbol$m('toStringTag');
+       var test$2 = {};
+
+       test$2[TO_STRING_TAG$3] = 'z';
+
+       var toStringTagSupport = String(test$2) === '[object z]';
+
+       var global$_ = global$1o;
+       var TO_STRING_TAG_SUPPORT$2 = toStringTagSupport;
+       var isCallable$d = isCallable$r;
+       var classofRaw = classofRaw$1;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$l = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+
+       var TO_STRING_TAG$2 = wellKnownSymbol$l('toStringTag');
+       var Object$1 = global$_.Object;
+
+       // ES3 wrong here
+       var CORRECT_ARGUMENTS = classofRaw(function () { return arguments; }()) == 'Arguments';
+
+       // fallback for IE11 Script Access Denied error
+       var tryGet = function (it, key) {
+         try {
+           return it[key];
+         } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
+       };
+
+       // getting tag from ES6+ `Object.prototype.toString`
+       var classof$d = TO_STRING_TAG_SUPPORT$2 ? classofRaw : function (it) {
+         var O, tag, result;
+         return it === undefined ? 'Undefined' : it === null ? 'Null'
+           // @@toStringTag case
+           : typeof (tag = tryGet(O = Object$1(it), TO_STRING_TAG$2)) == 'string' ? tag
+           // builtinTag case
+           : CORRECT_ARGUMENTS ? classofRaw(O)
+           // ES3 arguments fallback
+           : (result = classofRaw(O)) == 'Object' && isCallable$d(O.callee) ? 'Arguments' : result;
+       };
+
+       var TO_STRING_TAG_SUPPORT$1 = toStringTagSupport;
+       var classof$c = classof$d;
+
+       // `Object.prototype.toString` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.prototype.tostring
+       var objectToString$1 = TO_STRING_TAG_SUPPORT$1 ? {}.toString : function toString() {
+         return '[object ' + classof$c(this) + ']';
+       };
+
+       var TO_STRING_TAG_SUPPORT = toStringTagSupport;
+       var redefine$c = redefine$h.exports;
+       var toString$l = objectToString$1;
+
+       // `Object.prototype.toString` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.prototype.tostring
+       if (!TO_STRING_TAG_SUPPORT) {
+         redefine$c(Object.prototype, 'toString', toString$l, { unsafe: true });
+       }
+
+       var global$Z = global$1o;
+       var classof$b = classof$d;
+
+       var String$3 = global$Z.String;
+
+       var toString$k = function (argument) {
+         if (classof$b(argument) === 'Symbol') throw TypeError('Cannot convert a Symbol value to a string');
+         return String$3(argument);
+       };
+
+       var uncurryThis$L = functionUncurryThis;
+       var toIntegerOrInfinity$8 = toIntegerOrInfinity$b;
+       var toString$j = toString$k;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$b = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+
+       var charAt$8 = uncurryThis$L(''.charAt);
+       var charCodeAt$2 = uncurryThis$L(''.charCodeAt);
+       var stringSlice$b = uncurryThis$L(''.slice);
+
+       var createMethod$5 = function (CONVERT_TO_STRING) {
+         return function ($this, pos) {
+           var S = toString$j(requireObjectCoercible$b($this));
+           var position = toIntegerOrInfinity$8(pos);
+           var size = S.length;
+           var first, second;
+           if (position < 0 || position >= size) return CONVERT_TO_STRING ? '' : undefined;
+           first = charCodeAt$2(S, position);
+           return first < 0xD800 || first > 0xDBFF || position + 1 === size
+             || (second = charCodeAt$2(S, position + 1)) < 0xDC00 || second > 0xDFFF
+               ? CONVERT_TO_STRING
+                 ? charAt$8(S, position)
+                 : first
+               : CONVERT_TO_STRING
+                 ? stringSlice$b(S, position, position + 2)
+                 : (first - 0xD800 << 10) + (second - 0xDC00) + 0x10000;
+         };
+       };
+
+       var stringMultibyte = {
+         // `String.prototype.codePointAt` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.codepointat
+         codeAt: createMethod$5(false),
+         // `String.prototype.at` method
+         // https://github.com/mathiasbynens/String.prototype.at
+         charAt: createMethod$5(true)
+       };
+
+       var charAt$7 = stringMultibyte.charAt;
+       var toString$i = toString$k;
+       var InternalStateModule$7 = internalState;
+       var defineIterator$1 = defineIterator$3;
+
+       var STRING_ITERATOR = 'String Iterator';
+       var setInternalState$7 = InternalStateModule$7.set;
+       var getInternalState$5 = InternalStateModule$7.getterFor(STRING_ITERATOR);
+
+       // `String.prototype[@@iterator]` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype-@@iterator
+       defineIterator$1(String, 'String', function (iterated) {
+         setInternalState$7(this, {
+           type: STRING_ITERATOR,
+           string: toString$i(iterated),
+           index: 0
+         });
+       // `%StringIteratorPrototype%.next` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%stringiteratorprototype%.next
+       }, function next() {
+         var state = getInternalState$5(this);
+         var string = state.string;
+         var index = state.index;
+         var point;
+         if (index >= string.length) return { value: undefined, done: true };
+         point = charAt$7(string, index);
+         state.index += point.length;
+         return { value: point, done: false };
+       });
 
+       // iterable DOM collections
+       // flag - `iterable` interface - 'entries', 'keys', 'values', 'forEach' methods
+       var domIterables = {
+         CSSRuleList: 0,
+         CSSStyleDeclaration: 0,
+         CSSValueList: 0,
+         ClientRectList: 0,
+         DOMRectList: 0,
+         DOMStringList: 0,
+         DOMTokenList: 1,
+         DataTransferItemList: 0,
+         FileList: 0,
+         HTMLAllCollection: 0,
+         HTMLCollection: 0,
+         HTMLFormElement: 0,
+         HTMLSelectElement: 0,
+         MediaList: 0,
+         MimeTypeArray: 0,
+         NamedNodeMap: 0,
+         NodeList: 1,
+         PaintRequestList: 0,
+         Plugin: 0,
+         PluginArray: 0,
+         SVGLengthList: 0,
+         SVGNumberList: 0,
+         SVGPathSegList: 0,
+         SVGPointList: 0,
+         SVGStringList: 0,
+         SVGTransformList: 0,
+         SourceBufferList: 0,
+         StyleSheetList: 0,
+         TextTrackCueList: 0,
+         TextTrackList: 0,
+         TouchList: 0
+       };
+
+       // in old WebKit versions, `element.classList` is not an instance of global `DOMTokenList`
+       var documentCreateElement = documentCreateElement$2;
+
+       var classList$1 = documentCreateElement('span').classList;
+       var DOMTokenListPrototype$2 = classList$1 && classList$1.constructor && classList$1.constructor.prototype;
+
+       var domTokenListPrototype = DOMTokenListPrototype$2 === Object.prototype ? undefined : DOMTokenListPrototype$2;
+
+       var global$Y = global$1o;
+       var DOMIterables$1 = domIterables;
+       var DOMTokenListPrototype$1 = domTokenListPrototype;
+       var ArrayIteratorMethods = es_array_iterator;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$6 = createNonEnumerableProperty$b;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$k = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+
+       var ITERATOR$8 = wellKnownSymbol$k('iterator');
+       var TO_STRING_TAG$1 = wellKnownSymbol$k('toStringTag');
+       var ArrayValues = ArrayIteratorMethods.values;
+
+       var handlePrototype$1 = function (CollectionPrototype, COLLECTION_NAME) {
+         if (CollectionPrototype) {
+           // some Chrome versions have non-configurable methods on DOMTokenList
+           if (CollectionPrototype[ITERATOR$8] !== ArrayValues) try {
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$6(CollectionPrototype, ITERATOR$8, ArrayValues);
+           } catch (error) {
+             CollectionPrototype[ITERATOR$8] = ArrayValues;
+           }
+           if (!CollectionPrototype[TO_STRING_TAG$1]) {
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$6(CollectionPrototype, TO_STRING_TAG$1, COLLECTION_NAME);
+           }
+           if (DOMIterables$1[COLLECTION_NAME]) for (var METHOD_NAME in ArrayIteratorMethods) {
+             // some Chrome versions have non-configurable methods on DOMTokenList
+             if (CollectionPrototype[METHOD_NAME] !== ArrayIteratorMethods[METHOD_NAME]) try {
+               createNonEnumerableProperty$6(CollectionPrototype, METHOD_NAME, ArrayIteratorMethods[METHOD_NAME]);
+             } catch (error) {
+               CollectionPrototype[METHOD_NAME] = ArrayIteratorMethods[METHOD_NAME];
+             }
+           }
+         }
+       };
+
+       for (var COLLECTION_NAME$1 in DOMIterables$1) {
+         handlePrototype$1(global$Y[COLLECTION_NAME$1] && global$Y[COLLECTION_NAME$1].prototype, COLLECTION_NAME$1);
+       }
+
+       handlePrototype$1(DOMTokenListPrototype$1, 'DOMTokenList');
+
+       var NATIVE_BIND$2 = functionBindNative;
+
+       var FunctionPrototype$1 = Function.prototype;
+       var apply$9 = FunctionPrototype$1.apply;
+       var call$k = FunctionPrototype$1.call;
+
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-reflect -- safe
+       var functionApply = typeof Reflect == 'object' && Reflect.apply || (NATIVE_BIND$2 ? call$k.bind(apply$9) : function () {
+         return call$k.apply(apply$9, arguments);
+       });
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-toobject
+       var classof$a = classofRaw$1;
 
-       var ToObject = function ToObject(value) {
-               RequireObjectCoercible(value);
-               return $Object(value);
+       // `IsArray` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-isarray
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-array-isarray -- safe
+       var isArray$8 = Array.isArray || function isArray(argument) {
+         return classof$a(argument) == 'Array';
        };
 
-       var $Math = GetIntrinsic('%Math%');
-       var $Number = GetIntrinsic('%Number%');
-
-       var maxSafeInteger = $Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER || $Math.pow(2, 53) - 1;
+       var objectGetOwnPropertyNamesExternal = {};
 
-       // http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-9.3
-
-       var ToNumber = function ToNumber(value) {
-               return +value; // eslint-disable-line no-implicit-coercion
-       };
+       var toPropertyKey$2 = toPropertyKey$5;
+       var definePropertyModule$3 = objectDefineProperty;
+       var createPropertyDescriptor$3 = createPropertyDescriptor$7;
 
-       var _isNaN = Number.isNaN || function isNaN(a) {
-               return a !== a;
+       var createProperty$5 = function (object, key, value) {
+         var propertyKey = toPropertyKey$2(key);
+         if (propertyKey in object) definePropertyModule$3.f(object, propertyKey, createPropertyDescriptor$3(0, value));
+         else object[propertyKey] = value;
        };
 
-       var $isNaN = Number.isNaN || function (a) { return a !== a; };
+       var global$X = global$1o;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$7 = toAbsoluteIndex$9;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$g = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
+       var createProperty$4 = createProperty$5;
 
-       var _isFinite = Number.isFinite || function (x) { return typeof x === 'number' && !$isNaN(x) && x !== Infinity && x !== -Infinity; };
+       var Array$7 = global$X.Array;
+       var max$4 = Math.max;
 
-       var sign$1 = function sign(number) {
-               return number >= 0 ? 1 : -1;
+       var arraySliceSimple = function (O, start, end) {
+         var length = lengthOfArrayLike$g(O);
+         var k = toAbsoluteIndex$7(start, length);
+         var fin = toAbsoluteIndex$7(end === undefined ? length : end, length);
+         var result = Array$7(max$4(fin - k, 0));
+         for (var n = 0; k < fin; k++, n++) createProperty$4(result, n, O[k]);
+         result.length = n;
+         return result;
        };
 
-       var $Math$1 = GetIntrinsic('%Math%');
+       /* eslint-disable es/no-object-getownpropertynames -- safe */
+
+       var classof$9 = classofRaw$1;
+       var toIndexedObject$7 = toIndexedObject$d;
+       var $getOwnPropertyNames$1 = objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f;
+       var arraySlice$c = arraySliceSimple;
 
+       var windowNames = typeof window == 'object' && window && Object.getOwnPropertyNames
+         ? Object.getOwnPropertyNames(window) : [];
 
+       var getWindowNames = function (it) {
+         try {
+           return $getOwnPropertyNames$1(it);
+         } catch (error) {
+           return arraySlice$c(windowNames);
+         }
+       };
 
+       // fallback for IE11 buggy Object.getOwnPropertyNames with iframe and window
+       objectGetOwnPropertyNamesExternal.f = function getOwnPropertyNames(it) {
+         return windowNames && classof$9(it) == 'Window'
+           ? getWindowNames(it)
+           : $getOwnPropertyNames$1(toIndexedObject$7(it));
+       };
 
+       var uncurryThis$K = functionUncurryThis;
 
+       var arraySlice$b = uncurryThis$K([].slice);
 
-       var $floor = $Math$1.floor;
-       var $abs = $Math$1.abs;
+       var uncurryThis$J = functionUncurryThis;
+       var aCallable$8 = aCallable$a;
+       var NATIVE_BIND$1 = functionBindNative;
 
-       // http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-9.4
+       var bind$f = uncurryThis$J(uncurryThis$J.bind);
 
-       var ToInteger = function ToInteger(value) {
-               var number = ToNumber(value);
-               if (_isNaN(number)) { return 0; }
-               if (number === 0 || !_isFinite(number)) { return number; }
-               return sign$1(number) * $floor($abs(number));
+       // optional / simple context binding
+       var functionBindContext = function (fn, that) {
+         aCallable$8(fn);
+         return that === undefined ? fn : NATIVE_BIND$1 ? bind$f(fn, that) : function (/* ...args */) {
+           return fn.apply(that, arguments);
+         };
        };
 
-       var $apply = GetIntrinsic('%Function.prototype.apply%');
-       var $call = GetIntrinsic('%Function.prototype.call%');
-       var $reflectApply = GetIntrinsic('%Reflect.apply%', true) || functionBind.call($call, $apply);
+       var uncurryThis$I = functionUncurryThis;
+       var fails$L = fails$V;
+       var isCallable$c = isCallable$r;
+       var classof$8 = classof$d;
+       var getBuiltIn$6 = getBuiltIn$b;
+       var inspectSource$1 = inspectSource$4;
 
-       var callBind = function callBind() {
-               return $reflectApply(functionBind, $call, arguments);
-       };
+       var noop$2 = function () { /* empty */ };
+       var empty$1 = [];
+       var construct$1 = getBuiltIn$6('Reflect', 'construct');
+       var constructorRegExp = /^\s*(?:class|function)\b/;
+       var exec$6 = uncurryThis$I(constructorRegExp.exec);
+       var INCORRECT_TO_STRING = !constructorRegExp.exec(noop$2);
 
-       var apply = function applyBind() {
-               return $reflectApply(functionBind, $apply, arguments);
+       var isConstructorModern = function isConstructor(argument) {
+         if (!isCallable$c(argument)) return false;
+         try {
+           construct$1(noop$2, empty$1, argument);
+           return true;
+         } catch (error) {
+           return false;
+         }
        };
-       callBind.apply = apply;
 
-       var $indexOf = callBind(GetIntrinsic('String.prototype.indexOf'));
-
-       var callBound = function callBoundIntrinsic(name, allowMissing) {
-               var intrinsic = GetIntrinsic(name, !!allowMissing);
-               if (typeof intrinsic === 'function' && $indexOf(name, '.prototype.')) {
-                       return callBind(intrinsic);
-               }
-               return intrinsic;
+       var isConstructorLegacy = function isConstructor(argument) {
+         if (!isCallable$c(argument)) return false;
+         switch (classof$8(argument)) {
+           case 'AsyncFunction':
+           case 'GeneratorFunction':
+           case 'AsyncGeneratorFunction': return false;
+         }
+         try {
+           // we can't check .prototype since constructors produced by .bind haven't it
+           // `Function#toString` throws on some built-it function in some legacy engines
+           // (for example, `DOMQuad` and similar in FF41-)
+           return INCORRECT_TO_STRING || !!exec$6(constructorRegExp, inspectSource$1(argument));
+         } catch (error) {
+           return true;
+         }
        };
 
-       var $test = GetIntrinsic('RegExp.prototype.test');
+       isConstructorLegacy.sham = true;
+
+       // `IsConstructor` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-isconstructor
+       var isConstructor$4 = !construct$1 || fails$L(function () {
+         var called;
+         return isConstructorModern(isConstructorModern.call)
+           || !isConstructorModern(Object)
+           || !isConstructorModern(function () { called = true; })
+           || called;
+       }) ? isConstructorLegacy : isConstructorModern;
+
+       var global$W = global$1o;
+       var isArray$7 = isArray$8;
+       var isConstructor$3 = isConstructor$4;
+       var isObject$m = isObject$s;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$j = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+
+       var SPECIES$6 = wellKnownSymbol$j('species');
+       var Array$6 = global$W.Array;
+
+       // a part of `ArraySpeciesCreate` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-arrayspeciescreate
+       var arraySpeciesConstructor$1 = function (originalArray) {
+         var C;
+         if (isArray$7(originalArray)) {
+           C = originalArray.constructor;
+           // cross-realm fallback
+           if (isConstructor$3(C) && (C === Array$6 || isArray$7(C.prototype))) C = undefined;
+           else if (isObject$m(C)) {
+             C = C[SPECIES$6];
+             if (C === null) C = undefined;
+           }
+         } return C === undefined ? Array$6 : C;
+       };
+
+       var arraySpeciesConstructor = arraySpeciesConstructor$1;
+
+       // `ArraySpeciesCreate` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-arrayspeciescreate
+       var arraySpeciesCreate$4 = function (originalArray, length) {
+         return new (arraySpeciesConstructor(originalArray))(length === 0 ? 0 : length);
+       };
+
+       var bind$e = functionBindContext;
+       var uncurryThis$H = functionUncurryThis;
+       var IndexedObject$3 = indexedObject;
+       var toObject$f = toObject$i;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$f = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
+       var arraySpeciesCreate$3 = arraySpeciesCreate$4;
+
+       var push$9 = uncurryThis$H([].push);
+
+       // `Array.prototype.{ forEach, map, filter, some, every, find, findIndex, filterReject }` methods implementation
+       var createMethod$4 = function (TYPE) {
+         var IS_MAP = TYPE == 1;
+         var IS_FILTER = TYPE == 2;
+         var IS_SOME = TYPE == 3;
+         var IS_EVERY = TYPE == 4;
+         var IS_FIND_INDEX = TYPE == 6;
+         var IS_FILTER_REJECT = TYPE == 7;
+         var NO_HOLES = TYPE == 5 || IS_FIND_INDEX;
+         return function ($this, callbackfn, that, specificCreate) {
+           var O = toObject$f($this);
+           var self = IndexedObject$3(O);
+           var boundFunction = bind$e(callbackfn, that);
+           var length = lengthOfArrayLike$f(self);
+           var index = 0;
+           var create = specificCreate || arraySpeciesCreate$3;
+           var target = IS_MAP ? create($this, length) : IS_FILTER || IS_FILTER_REJECT ? create($this, 0) : undefined;
+           var value, result;
+           for (;length > index; index++) if (NO_HOLES || index in self) {
+             value = self[index];
+             result = boundFunction(value, index, O);
+             if (TYPE) {
+               if (IS_MAP) target[index] = result; // map
+               else if (result) switch (TYPE) {
+                 case 3: return true;              // some
+                 case 5: return value;             // find
+                 case 6: return index;             // findIndex
+                 case 2: push$9(target, value);      // filter
+               } else switch (TYPE) {
+                 case 4: return false;             // every
+                 case 7: push$9(target, value);      // filterReject
+               }
+             }
+           }
+           return IS_FIND_INDEX ? -1 : IS_SOME || IS_EVERY ? IS_EVERY : target;
+         };
+       };
+
+       var arrayIteration = {
+         // `Array.prototype.forEach` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.foreach
+         forEach: createMethod$4(0),
+         // `Array.prototype.map` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.map
+         map: createMethod$4(1),
+         // `Array.prototype.filter` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.filter
+         filter: createMethod$4(2),
+         // `Array.prototype.some` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.some
+         some: createMethod$4(3),
+         // `Array.prototype.every` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.every
+         every: createMethod$4(4),
+         // `Array.prototype.find` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.find
+         find: createMethod$4(5),
+         // `Array.prototype.findIndex` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.findIndex
+         findIndex: createMethod$4(6),
+         // `Array.prototype.filterReject` method
+         // https://github.com/tc39/proposal-array-filtering
+         filterReject: createMethod$4(7)
+       };
+
+       var $$1b = _export;
+       var global$V = global$1o;
+       var getBuiltIn$5 = getBuiltIn$b;
+       var apply$8 = functionApply;
+       var call$j = functionCall;
+       var uncurryThis$G = functionUncurryThis;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$h = descriptors;
+       var NATIVE_SYMBOL$1 = nativeSymbol;
+       var fails$K = fails$V;
+       var hasOwn$b = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var isArray$6 = isArray$8;
+       var isCallable$b = isCallable$r;
+       var isObject$l = isObject$s;
+       var isPrototypeOf$8 = objectIsPrototypeOf;
+       var isSymbol$3 = isSymbol$6;
+       var anObject$h = anObject$n;
+       var toObject$e = toObject$i;
+       var toIndexedObject$6 = toIndexedObject$d;
+       var toPropertyKey$1 = toPropertyKey$5;
+       var $toString$3 = toString$k;
+       var createPropertyDescriptor$2 = createPropertyDescriptor$7;
+       var nativeObjectCreate = objectCreate;
+       var objectKeys$2 = objectKeys$4;
+       var getOwnPropertyNamesModule$1 = objectGetOwnPropertyNames;
+       var getOwnPropertyNamesExternal = objectGetOwnPropertyNamesExternal;
+       var getOwnPropertySymbolsModule$1 = objectGetOwnPropertySymbols;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule$2 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+       var definePropertyModule$2 = objectDefineProperty;
+       var definePropertiesModule = objectDefineProperties;
+       var propertyIsEnumerableModule$1 = objectPropertyIsEnumerable;
+       var arraySlice$a = arraySlice$b;
+       var redefine$b = redefine$h.exports;
+       var shared$1 = shared$5.exports;
+       var sharedKey = sharedKey$4;
+       var hiddenKeys$1 = hiddenKeys$6;
+       var uid$2 = uid$5;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$i = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+       var wrappedWellKnownSymbolModule = wellKnownSymbolWrapped;
+       var defineWellKnownSymbol$2 = defineWellKnownSymbol$4;
+       var setToStringTag$7 = setToStringTag$a;
+       var InternalStateModule$6 = internalState;
+       var $forEach$2 = arrayIteration.forEach;
+
+       var HIDDEN = sharedKey('hidden');
+       var SYMBOL = 'Symbol';
+       var PROTOTYPE$1 = 'prototype';
+       var TO_PRIMITIVE = wellKnownSymbol$i('toPrimitive');
+
+       var setInternalState$6 = InternalStateModule$6.set;
+       var getInternalState$4 = InternalStateModule$6.getterFor(SYMBOL);
+
+       var ObjectPrototype$3 = Object[PROTOTYPE$1];
+       var $Symbol = global$V.Symbol;
+       var SymbolPrototype$1 = $Symbol && $Symbol[PROTOTYPE$1];
+       var TypeError$h = global$V.TypeError;
+       var QObject = global$V.QObject;
+       var $stringify = getBuiltIn$5('JSON', 'stringify');
+       var nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor$2 = getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule$2.f;
+       var nativeDefineProperty$1 = definePropertyModule$2.f;
+       var nativeGetOwnPropertyNames = getOwnPropertyNamesExternal.f;
+       var nativePropertyIsEnumerable = propertyIsEnumerableModule$1.f;
+       var push$8 = uncurryThis$G([].push);
+
+       var AllSymbols = shared$1('symbols');
+       var ObjectPrototypeSymbols = shared$1('op-symbols');
+       var StringToSymbolRegistry = shared$1('string-to-symbol-registry');
+       var SymbolToStringRegistry = shared$1('symbol-to-string-registry');
+       var WellKnownSymbolsStore = shared$1('wks');
+
+       // Don't use setters in Qt Script, https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/173
+       var USE_SETTER = !QObject || !QObject[PROTOTYPE$1] || !QObject[PROTOTYPE$1].findChild;
+
+       // fallback for old Android, https://code.google.com/p/v8/issues/detail?id=687
+       var setSymbolDescriptor = DESCRIPTORS$h && fails$K(function () {
+         return nativeObjectCreate(nativeDefineProperty$1({}, 'a', {
+           get: function () { return nativeDefineProperty$1(this, 'a', { value: 7 }).a; }
+         })).a != 7;
+       }) ? function (O, P, Attributes) {
+         var ObjectPrototypeDescriptor = nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor$2(ObjectPrototype$3, P);
+         if (ObjectPrototypeDescriptor) delete ObjectPrototype$3[P];
+         nativeDefineProperty$1(O, P, Attributes);
+         if (ObjectPrototypeDescriptor && O !== ObjectPrototype$3) {
+           nativeDefineProperty$1(ObjectPrototype$3, P, ObjectPrototypeDescriptor);
+         }
+       } : nativeDefineProperty$1;
+
+       var wrap$2 = function (tag, description) {
+         var symbol = AllSymbols[tag] = nativeObjectCreate(SymbolPrototype$1);
+         setInternalState$6(symbol, {
+           type: SYMBOL,
+           tag: tag,
+           description: description
+         });
+         if (!DESCRIPTORS$h) symbol.description = description;
+         return symbol;
+       };
+
+       var $defineProperty = function defineProperty(O, P, Attributes) {
+         if (O === ObjectPrototype$3) $defineProperty(ObjectPrototypeSymbols, P, Attributes);
+         anObject$h(O);
+         var key = toPropertyKey$1(P);
+         anObject$h(Attributes);
+         if (hasOwn$b(AllSymbols, key)) {
+           if (!Attributes.enumerable) {
+             if (!hasOwn$b(O, HIDDEN)) nativeDefineProperty$1(O, HIDDEN, createPropertyDescriptor$2(1, {}));
+             O[HIDDEN][key] = true;
+           } else {
+             if (hasOwn$b(O, HIDDEN) && O[HIDDEN][key]) O[HIDDEN][key] = false;
+             Attributes = nativeObjectCreate(Attributes, { enumerable: createPropertyDescriptor$2(0, false) });
+           } return setSymbolDescriptor(O, key, Attributes);
+         } return nativeDefineProperty$1(O, key, Attributes);
+       };
+
+       var $defineProperties = function defineProperties(O, Properties) {
+         anObject$h(O);
+         var properties = toIndexedObject$6(Properties);
+         var keys = objectKeys$2(properties).concat($getOwnPropertySymbols(properties));
+         $forEach$2(keys, function (key) {
+           if (!DESCRIPTORS$h || call$j($propertyIsEnumerable$1, properties, key)) $defineProperty(O, key, properties[key]);
+         });
+         return O;
+       };
 
+       var $create = function create(O, Properties) {
+         return Properties === undefined ? nativeObjectCreate(O) : $defineProperties(nativeObjectCreate(O), Properties);
+       };
 
+       var $propertyIsEnumerable$1 = function propertyIsEnumerable(V) {
+         var P = toPropertyKey$1(V);
+         var enumerable = call$j(nativePropertyIsEnumerable, this, P);
+         if (this === ObjectPrototype$3 && hasOwn$b(AllSymbols, P) && !hasOwn$b(ObjectPrototypeSymbols, P)) return false;
+         return enumerable || !hasOwn$b(this, P) || !hasOwn$b(AllSymbols, P) || hasOwn$b(this, HIDDEN) && this[HIDDEN][P]
+           ? enumerable : true;
+       };
 
-       var regexTester = function regexTester(regex) {
-               return callBind($test, regex);
+       var $getOwnPropertyDescriptor = function getOwnPropertyDescriptor(O, P) {
+         var it = toIndexedObject$6(O);
+         var key = toPropertyKey$1(P);
+         if (it === ObjectPrototype$3 && hasOwn$b(AllSymbols, key) && !hasOwn$b(ObjectPrototypeSymbols, key)) return;
+         var descriptor = nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor$2(it, key);
+         if (descriptor && hasOwn$b(AllSymbols, key) && !(hasOwn$b(it, HIDDEN) && it[HIDDEN][key])) {
+           descriptor.enumerable = true;
+         }
+         return descriptor;
        };
 
-       var isPrimitive = function isPrimitive(value) {
-               return value === null || (typeof value !== 'function' && typeof value !== 'object');
+       var $getOwnPropertyNames = function getOwnPropertyNames(O) {
+         var names = nativeGetOwnPropertyNames(toIndexedObject$6(O));
+         var result = [];
+         $forEach$2(names, function (key) {
+           if (!hasOwn$b(AllSymbols, key) && !hasOwn$b(hiddenKeys$1, key)) push$8(result, key);
+         });
+         return result;
        };
 
-       var isPrimitive$1 = function isPrimitive(value) {
-               return value === null || (typeof value !== 'function' && typeof value !== 'object');
+       var $getOwnPropertySymbols = function getOwnPropertySymbols(O) {
+         var IS_OBJECT_PROTOTYPE = O === ObjectPrototype$3;
+         var names = nativeGetOwnPropertyNames(IS_OBJECT_PROTOTYPE ? ObjectPrototypeSymbols : toIndexedObject$6(O));
+         var result = [];
+         $forEach$2(names, function (key) {
+           if (hasOwn$b(AllSymbols, key) && (!IS_OBJECT_PROTOTYPE || hasOwn$b(ObjectPrototype$3, key))) {
+             push$8(result, AllSymbols[key]);
+           }
+         });
+         return result;
        };
 
-       var fnToStr = Function.prototype.toString;
-       var reflectApply = typeof Reflect === 'object' && Reflect !== null && Reflect.apply;
-       var badArrayLike;
-       var isCallableMarker;
-       if (typeof reflectApply === 'function' && typeof Object.defineProperty === 'function') {
-               try {
-                       badArrayLike = Object.defineProperty({}, 'length', {
-                               get: function () {
-                                       throw isCallableMarker;
-                               }
-                       });
-                       isCallableMarker = {};
-               } catch (_) {
-                       reflectApply = null;
-               }
-       } else {
-               reflectApply = null;
-       }
+       // `Symbol` constructor
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-symbol-constructor
+       if (!NATIVE_SYMBOL$1) {
+         $Symbol = function Symbol() {
+           if (isPrototypeOf$8(SymbolPrototype$1, this)) throw TypeError$h('Symbol is not a constructor');
+           var description = !arguments.length || arguments[0] === undefined ? undefined : $toString$3(arguments[0]);
+           var tag = uid$2(description);
+           var setter = function (value) {
+             if (this === ObjectPrototype$3) call$j(setter, ObjectPrototypeSymbols, value);
+             if (hasOwn$b(this, HIDDEN) && hasOwn$b(this[HIDDEN], tag)) this[HIDDEN][tag] = false;
+             setSymbolDescriptor(this, tag, createPropertyDescriptor$2(1, value));
+           };
+           if (DESCRIPTORS$h && USE_SETTER) setSymbolDescriptor(ObjectPrototype$3, tag, { configurable: true, set: setter });
+           return wrap$2(tag, description);
+         };
 
-       var constructorRegex = /^\s*class\b/;
-       var isES6ClassFn = function isES6ClassFunction(value) {
-               try {
-                       var fnStr = fnToStr.call(value);
-                       return constructorRegex.test(fnStr);
-               } catch (e) {
-                       return false; // not a function
-               }
-       };
+         SymbolPrototype$1 = $Symbol[PROTOTYPE$1];
 
-       var tryFunctionObject = function tryFunctionToStr(value) {
-               try {
-                       if (isES6ClassFn(value)) { return false; }
-                       fnToStr.call(value);
-                       return true;
-               } catch (e) {
-                       return false;
-               }
-       };
-       var toStr$4 = Object.prototype.toString;
-       var fnClass = '[object Function]';
-       var genClass = '[object GeneratorFunction]';
-       var hasToStringTag = typeof Symbol === 'function' && typeof Symbol.toStringTag === 'symbol';
-
-       var isCallable = reflectApply
-               ? function isCallable(value) {
-                       if (!value) { return false; }
-                       if (typeof value !== 'function' && typeof value !== 'object') { return false; }
-                       if (typeof value === 'function' && !value.prototype) { return true; }
-                       try {
-                               reflectApply(value, null, badArrayLike);
-                       } catch (e) {
-                               if (e !== isCallableMarker) { return false; }
-                       }
-                       return !isES6ClassFn(value);
-               }
-               : function isCallable(value) {
-                       if (!value) { return false; }
-                       if (typeof value !== 'function' && typeof value !== 'object') { return false; }
-                       if (typeof value === 'function' && !value.prototype) { return true; }
-                       if (hasToStringTag) { return tryFunctionObject(value); }
-                       if (isES6ClassFn(value)) { return false; }
-                       var strClass = toStr$4.call(value);
-                       return strClass === fnClass || strClass === genClass;
-               };
-
-       var getDay = Date.prototype.getDay;
-       var tryDateObject = function tryDateGetDayCall(value) {
-               try {
-                       getDay.call(value);
-                       return true;
-               } catch (e) {
-                       return false;
-               }
-       };
+         redefine$b(SymbolPrototype$1, 'toString', function toString() {
+           return getInternalState$4(this).tag;
+         });
 
-       var toStr$5 = Object.prototype.toString;
-       var dateClass = '[object Date]';
-       var hasToStringTag$1 = typeof Symbol === 'function' && typeof Symbol.toStringTag === 'symbol';
+         redefine$b($Symbol, 'withoutSetter', function (description) {
+           return wrap$2(uid$2(description), description);
+         });
 
-       var isDateObject = function isDateObject(value) {
-               if (typeof value !== 'object' || value === null) {
-                       return false;
-               }
-               return hasToStringTag$1 ? tryDateObject(value) : toStr$5.call(value) === dateClass;
-       };
+         propertyIsEnumerableModule$1.f = $propertyIsEnumerable$1;
+         definePropertyModule$2.f = $defineProperty;
+         definePropertiesModule.f = $defineProperties;
+         getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule$2.f = $getOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+         getOwnPropertyNamesModule$1.f = getOwnPropertyNamesExternal.f = $getOwnPropertyNames;
+         getOwnPropertySymbolsModule$1.f = $getOwnPropertySymbols;
 
-       var isSymbol$2 = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
-
-       var toStr = Object.prototype.toString;
-       var hasSymbols = hasSymbols$1();
-
-       if (hasSymbols) {
-               var symToStr = Symbol.prototype.toString;
-               var symStringRegex = /^Symbol\(.*\)$/;
-               var isSymbolObject = function isRealSymbolObject(value) {
-                       if (typeof value.valueOf() !== 'symbol') {
-                               return false;
-                       }
-                       return symStringRegex.test(symToStr.call(value));
-               };
-
-               module.exports = function isSymbol(value) {
-                       if (typeof value === 'symbol') {
-                               return true;
-                       }
-                       if (toStr.call(value) !== '[object Symbol]') {
-                               return false;
-                       }
-                       try {
-                               return isSymbolObject(value);
-                       } catch (e) {
-                               return false;
-                       }
-               };
-       } else {
+         wrappedWellKnownSymbolModule.f = function (name) {
+           return wrap$2(wellKnownSymbol$i(name), name);
+         };
 
-               module.exports = function isSymbol(value) {
-                       // this environment does not support Symbols.
-                       return false ;
-               };
+         if (DESCRIPTORS$h) {
+           // https://github.com/tc39/proposal-Symbol-description
+           nativeDefineProperty$1(SymbolPrototype$1, 'description', {
+             configurable: true,
+             get: function description() {
+               return getInternalState$4(this).description;
+             }
+           });
+           {
+             redefine$b(ObjectPrototype$3, 'propertyIsEnumerable', $propertyIsEnumerable$1, { unsafe: true });
+           }
+         }
        }
+
+       $$1b({ global: true, wrap: true, forced: !NATIVE_SYMBOL$1, sham: !NATIVE_SYMBOL$1 }, {
+         Symbol: $Symbol
        });
 
-       var hasSymbols$3 = typeof Symbol === 'function' && typeof Symbol.iterator === 'symbol';
+       $forEach$2(objectKeys$2(WellKnownSymbolsStore), function (name) {
+         defineWellKnownSymbol$2(name);
+       });
 
+       $$1b({ target: SYMBOL, stat: true, forced: !NATIVE_SYMBOL$1 }, {
+         // `Symbol.for` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-symbol.for
+         'for': function (key) {
+           var string = $toString$3(key);
+           if (hasOwn$b(StringToSymbolRegistry, string)) return StringToSymbolRegistry[string];
+           var symbol = $Symbol(string);
+           StringToSymbolRegistry[string] = symbol;
+           SymbolToStringRegistry[symbol] = string;
+           return symbol;
+         },
+         // `Symbol.keyFor` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-symbol.keyfor
+         keyFor: function keyFor(sym) {
+           if (!isSymbol$3(sym)) throw TypeError$h(sym + ' is not a symbol');
+           if (hasOwn$b(SymbolToStringRegistry, sym)) return SymbolToStringRegistry[sym];
+         },
+         useSetter: function () { USE_SETTER = true; },
+         useSimple: function () { USE_SETTER = false; }
+       });
 
+       $$1b({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: !NATIVE_SYMBOL$1, sham: !DESCRIPTORS$h }, {
+         // `Object.create` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.create
+         create: $create,
+         // `Object.defineProperty` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperty
+         defineProperty: $defineProperty,
+         // `Object.defineProperties` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperties
+         defineProperties: $defineProperties,
+         // `Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertydescriptors
+         getOwnPropertyDescriptor: $getOwnPropertyDescriptor
+       });
 
+       $$1b({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: !NATIVE_SYMBOL$1 }, {
+         // `Object.getOwnPropertyNames` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertynames
+         getOwnPropertyNames: $getOwnPropertyNames,
+         // `Object.getOwnPropertySymbols` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertysymbols
+         getOwnPropertySymbols: $getOwnPropertySymbols
+       });
 
+       // Chrome 38 and 39 `Object.getOwnPropertySymbols` fails on primitives
+       // https://bugs.chromium.org/p/v8/issues/detail?id=3443
+       $$1b({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: fails$K(function () { getOwnPropertySymbolsModule$1.f(1); }) }, {
+         getOwnPropertySymbols: function getOwnPropertySymbols(it) {
+           return getOwnPropertySymbolsModule$1.f(toObject$e(it));
+         }
+       });
 
+       // `JSON.stringify` method behavior with symbols
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-json.stringify
+       if ($stringify) {
+         var FORCED_JSON_STRINGIFY = !NATIVE_SYMBOL$1 || fails$K(function () {
+           var symbol = $Symbol();
+           // MS Edge converts symbol values to JSON as {}
+           return $stringify([symbol]) != '[null]'
+             // WebKit converts symbol values to JSON as null
+             || $stringify({ a: symbol }) != '{}'
+             // V8 throws on boxed symbols
+             || $stringify(Object(symbol)) != '{}';
+         });
 
-       var ordinaryToPrimitive = function OrdinaryToPrimitive(O, hint) {
-               if (typeof O === 'undefined' || O === null) {
-                       throw new TypeError('Cannot call method on ' + O);
-               }
-               if (typeof hint !== 'string' || (hint !== 'number' && hint !== 'string')) {
-                       throw new TypeError('hint must be "string" or "number"');
-               }
-               var methodNames = hint === 'string' ? ['toString', 'valueOf'] : ['valueOf', 'toString'];
-               var method, result, i;
-               for (i = 0; i < methodNames.length; ++i) {
-                       method = O[methodNames[i]];
-                       if (isCallable(method)) {
-                               result = method.call(O);
-                               if (isPrimitive$1(result)) {
-                                       return result;
-                               }
-                       }
-               }
-               throw new TypeError('No default value');
-       };
+         $$1b({ target: 'JSON', stat: true, forced: FORCED_JSON_STRINGIFY }, {
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+           stringify: function stringify(it, replacer, space) {
+             var args = arraySlice$a(arguments);
+             var $replacer = replacer;
+             if (!isObject$l(replacer) && it === undefined || isSymbol$3(it)) return; // IE8 returns string on undefined
+             if (!isArray$6(replacer)) replacer = function (key, value) {
+               if (isCallable$b($replacer)) value = call$j($replacer, this, key, value);
+               if (!isSymbol$3(value)) return value;
+             };
+             args[1] = replacer;
+             return apply$8($stringify, null, args);
+           }
+         });
+       }
 
-       var GetMethod = function GetMethod(O, P) {
-               var func = O[P];
-               if (func !== null && typeof func !== 'undefined') {
-                       if (!isCallable(func)) {
-                               throw new TypeError(func + ' returned for property ' + P + ' of object ' + O + ' is not a function');
-                       }
-                       return func;
-               }
-               return void 0;
-       };
+       // `Symbol.prototype[@@toPrimitive]` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-symbol.prototype-@@toprimitive
+       if (!SymbolPrototype$1[TO_PRIMITIVE]) {
+         var valueOf = SymbolPrototype$1.valueOf;
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for .length
+         redefine$b(SymbolPrototype$1, TO_PRIMITIVE, function (hint) {
+           // TODO: improve hint logic
+           return call$j(valueOf, this);
+         });
+       }
+       // `Symbol.prototype[@@toStringTag]` property
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-symbol.prototype-@@tostringtag
+       setToStringTag$7($Symbol, SYMBOL);
+
+       hiddenKeys$1[HIDDEN] = true;
+
+       var $$1a = _export;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$g = descriptors;
+       var global$U = global$1o;
+       var uncurryThis$F = functionUncurryThis;
+       var hasOwn$a = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var isCallable$a = isCallable$r;
+       var isPrototypeOf$7 = objectIsPrototypeOf;
+       var toString$h = toString$k;
+       var defineProperty$9 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var copyConstructorProperties = copyConstructorProperties$2;
+
+       var NativeSymbol = global$U.Symbol;
+       var SymbolPrototype = NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.prototype;
+
+       if (DESCRIPTORS$g && isCallable$a(NativeSymbol) && (!('description' in SymbolPrototype) ||
+         // Safari 12 bug
+         NativeSymbol().description !== undefined
+       )) {
+         var EmptyStringDescriptionStore = {};
+         // wrap Symbol constructor for correct work with undefined description
+         var SymbolWrapper = function Symbol() {
+           var description = arguments.length < 1 || arguments[0] === undefined ? undefined : toString$h(arguments[0]);
+           var result = isPrototypeOf$7(SymbolPrototype, this)
+             ? new NativeSymbol(description)
+             // in Edge 13, String(Symbol(undefined)) === 'Symbol(undefined)'
+             : description === undefined ? NativeSymbol() : NativeSymbol(description);
+           if (description === '') EmptyStringDescriptionStore[result] = true;
+           return result;
+         };
 
-       // http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-toprimitive
-       var es2015 = function ToPrimitive(input) {
-               if (isPrimitive$1(input)) {
-                       return input;
-               }
-               var hint = 'default';
-               if (arguments.length > 1) {
-                       if (arguments[1] === String) {
-                               hint = 'string';
-                       } else if (arguments[1] === Number) {
-                               hint = 'number';
-                       }
-               }
-
-               var exoticToPrim;
-               if (hasSymbols$3) {
-                       if (Symbol.toPrimitive) {
-                               exoticToPrim = GetMethod(input, Symbol.toPrimitive);
-                       } else if (isSymbol$2(input)) {
-                               exoticToPrim = Symbol.prototype.valueOf;
-                       }
-               }
-               if (typeof exoticToPrim !== 'undefined') {
-                       var result = exoticToPrim.call(input, hint);
-                       if (isPrimitive$1(result)) {
-                               return result;
-                       }
-                       throw new TypeError('unable to convert exotic object to primitive');
-               }
-               if (hint === 'default' && (isDateObject(input) || isSymbol$2(input))) {
-                       hint = 'string';
-               }
-               return ordinaryToPrimitive(input, hint === 'default' ? 'number' : hint);
-       };
+         copyConstructorProperties(SymbolWrapper, NativeSymbol);
+         SymbolWrapper.prototype = SymbolPrototype;
+         SymbolPrototype.constructor = SymbolWrapper;
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-toprimitive
+         var NATIVE_SYMBOL = String(NativeSymbol('test')) == 'Symbol(test)';
+         var symbolToString$1 = uncurryThis$F(SymbolPrototype.toString);
+         var symbolValueOf = uncurryThis$F(SymbolPrototype.valueOf);
+         var regexp = /^Symbol\((.*)\)[^)]+$/;
+         var replace$8 = uncurryThis$F(''.replace);
+         var stringSlice$a = uncurryThis$F(''.slice);
 
-       var ToPrimitive = function ToPrimitive(input) {
-               if (arguments.length > 1) {
-                       return es2015(input, arguments[1]);
-               }
-               return es2015(input);
-       };
+         defineProperty$9(SymbolPrototype, 'description', {
+           configurable: true,
+           get: function description() {
+             var symbol = symbolValueOf(this);
+             var string = symbolToString$1(symbol);
+             if (hasOwn$a(EmptyStringDescriptionStore, symbol)) return '';
+             var desc = NATIVE_SYMBOL ? stringSlice$a(string, 7, -1) : replace$8(string, regexp, '$1');
+             return desc === '' ? undefined : desc;
+           }
+         });
 
-       var $TypeError$2 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');
-       var $Number$1 = GetIntrinsic('%Number%');
-       var $RegExp = GetIntrinsic('%RegExp%');
-       var $parseInteger = GetIntrinsic('%parseInt%');
+         $$1a({ global: true, forced: true }, {
+           Symbol: SymbolWrapper
+         });
+       }
 
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-typed-arrays -- safe
+       var arrayBufferNative = typeof ArrayBuffer != 'undefined' && typeof DataView != 'undefined';
 
+       var redefine$a = redefine$h.exports;
 
+       var redefineAll$4 = function (target, src, options) {
+         for (var key in src) redefine$a(target, key, src[key], options);
+         return target;
+       };
 
+       var global$T = global$1o;
+       var isPrototypeOf$6 = objectIsPrototypeOf;
 
-       var $strSlice = callBound('String.prototype.slice');
-       var isBinary = regexTester(/^0b[01]+$/i);
-       var isOctal = regexTester(/^0o[0-7]+$/i);
-       var isInvalidHexLiteral = regexTester(/^[-+]0x[0-9a-f]+$/i);
-       var nonWS = ['\u0085', '\u200b', '\ufffe'].join('');
-       var nonWSregex = new $RegExp('[' + nonWS + ']', 'g');
-       var hasNonWS = regexTester(nonWSregex);
+       var TypeError$g = global$T.TypeError;
 
-       // whitespace from: https://es5.github.io/#x15.5.4.20
-       // implementation from https://github.com/es-shims/es5-shim/blob/v3.4.0/es5-shim.js#L1304-L1324
-       var ws = [
-               '\x09\x0A\x0B\x0C\x0D\x20\xA0\u1680\u180E\u2000\u2001\u2002\u2003',
-               '\u2004\u2005\u2006\u2007\u2008\u2009\u200A\u202F\u205F\u3000\u2028',
-               '\u2029\uFEFF'
-       ].join('');
-       var trimRegex = new RegExp('(^[' + ws + ']+)|([' + ws + ']+$)', 'g');
-       var $replace$1 = callBound('String.prototype.replace');
-       var $trim = function (value) {
-               return $replace$1(value, trimRegex, '');
+       var anInstance$7 = function (it, Prototype) {
+         if (isPrototypeOf$6(Prototype, it)) return it;
+         throw TypeError$g('Incorrect invocation');
        };
 
+       var global$S = global$1o;
+       var toIntegerOrInfinity$7 = toIntegerOrInfinity$b;
+       var toLength$a = toLength$c;
 
+       var RangeError$b = global$S.RangeError;
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-tonumber
-
-       var ToNumber$1 = function ToNumber(argument) {
-               var value = isPrimitive(argument) ? argument : ToPrimitive(argument, $Number$1);
-               if (typeof value === 'symbol') {
-                       throw new $TypeError$2('Cannot convert a Symbol value to a number');
-               }
-               if (typeof value === 'string') {
-                       if (isBinary(value)) {
-                               return ToNumber($parseInteger($strSlice(value, 2), 2));
-                       } else if (isOctal(value)) {
-                               return ToNumber($parseInteger($strSlice(value, 2), 8));
-                       } else if (hasNonWS(value) || isInvalidHexLiteral(value)) {
-                               return NaN;
-                       } else {
-                               var trimmed = $trim(value);
-                               if (trimmed !== value) {
-                                       return ToNumber(trimmed);
-                               }
-                       }
-               }
-               return $Number$1(value);
+       // `ToIndex` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-toindex
+       var toIndex$2 = function (it) {
+         if (it === undefined) return 0;
+         var number = toIntegerOrInfinity$7(it);
+         var length = toLength$a(number);
+         if (number !== length) throw RangeError$b('Wrong length or index');
+         return length;
        };
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-tointeger
+       // IEEE754 conversions based on https://github.com/feross/ieee754
+       var global$R = global$1o;
 
-       var ToInteger$1 = function ToInteger$1(value) {
-               var number = ToNumber$1(value);
-               return ToInteger(number);
-       };
+       var Array$5 = global$R.Array;
+       var abs$4 = Math.abs;
+       var pow$2 = Math.pow;
+       var floor$7 = Math.floor;
+       var log$2 = Math.log;
+       var LN2 = Math.LN2;
 
-       var ToLength = function ToLength(argument) {
-               var len = ToInteger$1(argument);
-               if (len <= 0) { return 0; } // includes converting -0 to +0
-               if (len > maxSafeInteger) { return maxSafeInteger; }
-               return len;
+       var pack = function (number, mantissaLength, bytes) {
+         var buffer = Array$5(bytes);
+         var exponentLength = bytes * 8 - mantissaLength - 1;
+         var eMax = (1 << exponentLength) - 1;
+         var eBias = eMax >> 1;
+         var rt = mantissaLength === 23 ? pow$2(2, -24) - pow$2(2, -77) : 0;
+         var sign = number < 0 || number === 0 && 1 / number < 0 ? 1 : 0;
+         var index = 0;
+         var exponent, mantissa, c;
+         number = abs$4(number);
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
+         if (number != number || number === Infinity) {
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
+           mantissa = number != number ? 1 : 0;
+           exponent = eMax;
+         } else {
+           exponent = floor$7(log$2(number) / LN2);
+           c = pow$2(2, -exponent);
+           if (number * c < 1) {
+             exponent--;
+             c *= 2;
+           }
+           if (exponent + eBias >= 1) {
+             number += rt / c;
+           } else {
+             number += rt * pow$2(2, 1 - eBias);
+           }
+           if (number * c >= 2) {
+             exponent++;
+             c /= 2;
+           }
+           if (exponent + eBias >= eMax) {
+             mantissa = 0;
+             exponent = eMax;
+           } else if (exponent + eBias >= 1) {
+             mantissa = (number * c - 1) * pow$2(2, mantissaLength);
+             exponent = exponent + eBias;
+           } else {
+             mantissa = number * pow$2(2, eBias - 1) * pow$2(2, mantissaLength);
+             exponent = 0;
+           }
+         }
+         while (mantissaLength >= 8) {
+           buffer[index++] = mantissa & 255;
+           mantissa /= 256;
+           mantissaLength -= 8;
+         }
+         exponent = exponent << mantissaLength | mantissa;
+         exponentLength += mantissaLength;
+         while (exponentLength > 0) {
+           buffer[index++] = exponent & 255;
+           exponent /= 256;
+           exponentLength -= 8;
+         }
+         buffer[--index] |= sign * 128;
+         return buffer;
        };
 
-       // http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-9.11
-
-       var IsCallable = isCallable;
-
-       var implementation$3 = function find(predicate) {
-               var list = ToObject(this);
-               var length = ToLength(list.length);
-               if (!IsCallable(predicate)) {
-                       throw new TypeError('Array#find: predicate must be a function');
-               }
-               if (length === 0) {
-                       return void 0;
-               }
-               var thisArg;
-               if (arguments.length > 0) {
-                       thisArg = arguments[1];
-               }
-
-               for (var i = 0, value; i < length; i++) {
-                       value = list[i];
-                       // inlined for performance: if (Call(predicate, thisArg, [value, i, list])) {
-                       if (predicate.apply(thisArg, [value, i, list])) {
-                               return value;
-                       }
-               }
-               return void 0;
-       };
+       var unpack = function (buffer, mantissaLength) {
+         var bytes = buffer.length;
+         var exponentLength = bytes * 8 - mantissaLength - 1;
+         var eMax = (1 << exponentLength) - 1;
+         var eBias = eMax >> 1;
+         var nBits = exponentLength - 7;
+         var index = bytes - 1;
+         var sign = buffer[index--];
+         var exponent = sign & 127;
+         var mantissa;
+         sign >>= 7;
+         while (nBits > 0) {
+           exponent = exponent * 256 + buffer[index--];
+           nBits -= 8;
+         }
+         mantissa = exponent & (1 << -nBits) - 1;
+         exponent >>= -nBits;
+         nBits += mantissaLength;
+         while (nBits > 0) {
+           mantissa = mantissa * 256 + buffer[index--];
+           nBits -= 8;
+         }
+         if (exponent === 0) {
+           exponent = 1 - eBias;
+         } else if (exponent === eMax) {
+           return mantissa ? NaN : sign ? -Infinity : Infinity;
+         } else {
+           mantissa = mantissa + pow$2(2, mantissaLength);
+           exponent = exponent - eBias;
+         } return (sign ? -1 : 1) * mantissa * pow$2(2, exponent - mantissaLength);
+       };
+
+       var ieee754$2 = {
+         pack: pack,
+         unpack: unpack
+       };
+
+       var toObject$d = toObject$i;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$6 = toAbsoluteIndex$9;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$e = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
+
+       // `Array.prototype.fill` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.fill
+       var arrayFill$1 = function fill(value /* , start = 0, end = @length */) {
+         var O = toObject$d(this);
+         var length = lengthOfArrayLike$e(O);
+         var argumentsLength = arguments.length;
+         var index = toAbsoluteIndex$6(argumentsLength > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined, length);
+         var end = argumentsLength > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined;
+         var endPos = end === undefined ? length : toAbsoluteIndex$6(end, length);
+         while (endPos > index) O[index++] = value;
+         return O;
+       };
+
+       var global$Q = global$1o;
+       var uncurryThis$E = functionUncurryThis;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$f = descriptors;
+       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER$2 = arrayBufferNative;
+       var FunctionName = functionName;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$5 = createNonEnumerableProperty$b;
+       var redefineAll$3 = redefineAll$4;
+       var fails$J = fails$V;
+       var anInstance$6 = anInstance$7;
+       var toIntegerOrInfinity$6 = toIntegerOrInfinity$b;
+       var toLength$9 = toLength$c;
+       var toIndex$1 = toIndex$2;
+       var IEEE754 = ieee754$2;
+       var getPrototypeOf$2 = objectGetPrototypeOf;
+       var setPrototypeOf$5 = objectSetPrototypeOf;
+       var getOwnPropertyNames$4 = objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f;
+       var defineProperty$8 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var arrayFill = arrayFill$1;
+       var arraySlice$9 = arraySliceSimple;
+       var setToStringTag$6 = setToStringTag$a;
+       var InternalStateModule$5 = internalState;
+
+       var PROPER_FUNCTION_NAME$2 = FunctionName.PROPER;
+       var CONFIGURABLE_FUNCTION_NAME = FunctionName.CONFIGURABLE;
+       var getInternalState$3 = InternalStateModule$5.get;
+       var setInternalState$5 = InternalStateModule$5.set;
+       var ARRAY_BUFFER$1 = 'ArrayBuffer';
+       var DATA_VIEW = 'DataView';
+       var PROTOTYPE = 'prototype';
+       var WRONG_LENGTH$1 = 'Wrong length';
+       var WRONG_INDEX = 'Wrong index';
+       var NativeArrayBuffer$1 = global$Q[ARRAY_BUFFER$1];
+       var $ArrayBuffer = NativeArrayBuffer$1;
+       var ArrayBufferPrototype$1 = $ArrayBuffer && $ArrayBuffer[PROTOTYPE];
+       var $DataView = global$Q[DATA_VIEW];
+       var DataViewPrototype$1 = $DataView && $DataView[PROTOTYPE];
+       var ObjectPrototype$2 = Object.prototype;
+       var Array$4 = global$Q.Array;
+       var RangeError$a = global$Q.RangeError;
+       var fill$1 = uncurryThis$E(arrayFill);
+       var reverse = uncurryThis$E([].reverse);
+
+       var packIEEE754 = IEEE754.pack;
+       var unpackIEEE754 = IEEE754.unpack;
+
+       var packInt8 = function (number) {
+         return [number & 0xFF];
+       };
+
+       var packInt16 = function (number) {
+         return [number & 0xFF, number >> 8 & 0xFF];
+       };
+
+       var packInt32 = function (number) {
+         return [number & 0xFF, number >> 8 & 0xFF, number >> 16 & 0xFF, number >> 24 & 0xFF];
+       };
+
+       var unpackInt32 = function (buffer) {
+         return buffer[3] << 24 | buffer[2] << 16 | buffer[1] << 8 | buffer[0];
+       };
+
+       var packFloat32 = function (number) {
+         return packIEEE754(number, 23, 4);
+       };
+
+       var packFloat64 = function (number) {
+         return packIEEE754(number, 52, 8);
+       };
+
+       var addGetter$1 = function (Constructor, key) {
+         defineProperty$8(Constructor[PROTOTYPE], key, { get: function () { return getInternalState$3(this)[key]; } });
+       };
+
+       var get$4 = function (view, count, index, isLittleEndian) {
+         var intIndex = toIndex$1(index);
+         var store = getInternalState$3(view);
+         if (intIndex + count > store.byteLength) throw RangeError$a(WRONG_INDEX);
+         var bytes = getInternalState$3(store.buffer).bytes;
+         var start = intIndex + store.byteOffset;
+         var pack = arraySlice$9(bytes, start, start + count);
+         return isLittleEndian ? pack : reverse(pack);
+       };
+
+       var set$3 = function (view, count, index, conversion, value, isLittleEndian) {
+         var intIndex = toIndex$1(index);
+         var store = getInternalState$3(view);
+         if (intIndex + count > store.byteLength) throw RangeError$a(WRONG_INDEX);
+         var bytes = getInternalState$3(store.buffer).bytes;
+         var start = intIndex + store.byteOffset;
+         var pack = conversion(+value);
+         for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) bytes[start + i] = pack[isLittleEndian ? i : count - i - 1];
+       };
+
+       if (!NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER$2) {
+         $ArrayBuffer = function ArrayBuffer(length) {
+           anInstance$6(this, ArrayBufferPrototype$1);
+           var byteLength = toIndex$1(length);
+           setInternalState$5(this, {
+             bytes: fill$1(Array$4(byteLength), 0),
+             byteLength: byteLength
+           });
+           if (!DESCRIPTORS$f) this.byteLength = byteLength;
+         };
+
+         ArrayBufferPrototype$1 = $ArrayBuffer[PROTOTYPE];
+
+         $DataView = function DataView(buffer, byteOffset, byteLength) {
+           anInstance$6(this, DataViewPrototype$1);
+           anInstance$6(buffer, ArrayBufferPrototype$1);
+           var bufferLength = getInternalState$3(buffer).byteLength;
+           var offset = toIntegerOrInfinity$6(byteOffset);
+           if (offset < 0 || offset > bufferLength) throw RangeError$a('Wrong offset');
+           byteLength = byteLength === undefined ? bufferLength - offset : toLength$9(byteLength);
+           if (offset + byteLength > bufferLength) throw RangeError$a(WRONG_LENGTH$1);
+           setInternalState$5(this, {
+             buffer: buffer,
+             byteLength: byteLength,
+             byteOffset: offset
+           });
+           if (!DESCRIPTORS$f) {
+             this.buffer = buffer;
+             this.byteLength = byteLength;
+             this.byteOffset = offset;
+           }
+         };
 
-       var polyfill$4 = function getPolyfill() {
-               // Detect if an implementation exists
-               // Detect early implementations which skipped holes in sparse arrays
-               // eslint-disable-next-line no-sparse-arrays
-               var implemented = Array.prototype.find && [, 1].find(function () {
-                       return true;
-               }) !== 1;
+         DataViewPrototype$1 = $DataView[PROTOTYPE];
 
-               // eslint-disable-next-line global-require
-               return implemented ? Array.prototype.find : implementation$3;
-       };
+         if (DESCRIPTORS$f) {
+           addGetter$1($ArrayBuffer, 'byteLength');
+           addGetter$1($DataView, 'buffer');
+           addGetter$1($DataView, 'byteLength');
+           addGetter$1($DataView, 'byteOffset');
+         }
 
-       var shim$8 = function shimArrayPrototypeFind() {
-               var polyfill = polyfill$4();
+         redefineAll$3(DataViewPrototype$1, {
+           getInt8: function getInt8(byteOffset) {
+             return get$4(this, 1, byteOffset)[0] << 24 >> 24;
+           },
+           getUint8: function getUint8(byteOffset) {
+             return get$4(this, 1, byteOffset)[0];
+           },
+           getInt16: function getInt16(byteOffset /* , littleEndian */) {
+             var bytes = get$4(this, 2, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+             return (bytes[1] << 8 | bytes[0]) << 16 >> 16;
+           },
+           getUint16: function getUint16(byteOffset /* , littleEndian */) {
+             var bytes = get$4(this, 2, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+             return bytes[1] << 8 | bytes[0];
+           },
+           getInt32: function getInt32(byteOffset /* , littleEndian */) {
+             return unpackInt32(get$4(this, 4, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined));
+           },
+           getUint32: function getUint32(byteOffset /* , littleEndian */) {
+             return unpackInt32(get$4(this, 4, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined)) >>> 0;
+           },
+           getFloat32: function getFloat32(byteOffset /* , littleEndian */) {
+             return unpackIEEE754(get$4(this, 4, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined), 23);
+           },
+           getFloat64: function getFloat64(byteOffset /* , littleEndian */) {
+             return unpackIEEE754(get$4(this, 8, byteOffset, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined), 52);
+           },
+           setInt8: function setInt8(byteOffset, value) {
+             set$3(this, 1, byteOffset, packInt8, value);
+           },
+           setUint8: function setUint8(byteOffset, value) {
+             set$3(this, 1, byteOffset, packInt8, value);
+           },
+           setInt16: function setInt16(byteOffset, value /* , littleEndian */) {
+             set$3(this, 2, byteOffset, packInt16, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
+           },
+           setUint16: function setUint16(byteOffset, value /* , littleEndian */) {
+             set$3(this, 2, byteOffset, packInt16, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
+           },
+           setInt32: function setInt32(byteOffset, value /* , littleEndian */) {
+             set$3(this, 4, byteOffset, packInt32, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
+           },
+           setUint32: function setUint32(byteOffset, value /* , littleEndian */) {
+             set$3(this, 4, byteOffset, packInt32, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
+           },
+           setFloat32: function setFloat32(byteOffset, value /* , littleEndian */) {
+             set$3(this, 4, byteOffset, packFloat32, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
+           },
+           setFloat64: function setFloat64(byteOffset, value /* , littleEndian */) {
+             set$3(this, 8, byteOffset, packFloat64, value, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
+           }
+         });
+       } else {
+         var INCORRECT_ARRAY_BUFFER_NAME = PROPER_FUNCTION_NAME$2 && NativeArrayBuffer$1.name !== ARRAY_BUFFER$1;
+         /* eslint-disable no-new -- required for testing */
+         if (!fails$J(function () {
+           NativeArrayBuffer$1(1);
+         }) || !fails$J(function () {
+           new NativeArrayBuffer$1(-1);
+         }) || fails$J(function () {
+           new NativeArrayBuffer$1();
+           new NativeArrayBuffer$1(1.5);
+           new NativeArrayBuffer$1(NaN);
+           return INCORRECT_ARRAY_BUFFER_NAME && !CONFIGURABLE_FUNCTION_NAME;
+         })) {
+         /* eslint-enable no-new -- required for testing */
+           $ArrayBuffer = function ArrayBuffer(length) {
+             anInstance$6(this, ArrayBufferPrototype$1);
+             return new NativeArrayBuffer$1(toIndex$1(length));
+           };
 
-               defineProperties_1(Array.prototype, { find: polyfill }, {
-                       find: function () {
-                               return Array.prototype.find !== polyfill;
-                       }
-               });
+           $ArrayBuffer[PROTOTYPE] = ArrayBufferPrototype$1;
 
-               return polyfill;
-       };
+           for (var keys$2 = getOwnPropertyNames$4(NativeArrayBuffer$1), j$2 = 0, key$1; keys$2.length > j$2;) {
+             if (!((key$1 = keys$2[j$2++]) in $ArrayBuffer)) {
+               createNonEnumerableProperty$5($ArrayBuffer, key$1, NativeArrayBuffer$1[key$1]);
+             }
+           }
 
-       var slice$2 = Array.prototype.slice;
+           ArrayBufferPrototype$1.constructor = $ArrayBuffer;
+         } else if (INCORRECT_ARRAY_BUFFER_NAME && CONFIGURABLE_FUNCTION_NAME) {
+           createNonEnumerableProperty$5(NativeArrayBuffer$1, 'name', ARRAY_BUFFER$1);
+         }
 
-       var polyfill$5 = polyfill$4();
+         // WebKit bug - the same parent prototype for typed arrays and data view
+         if (setPrototypeOf$5 && getPrototypeOf$2(DataViewPrototype$1) !== ObjectPrototype$2) {
+           setPrototypeOf$5(DataViewPrototype$1, ObjectPrototype$2);
+         }
 
-       var boundFindShim = function find(array, predicate) { // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars
-               RequireObjectCoercible(array);
-               var args = slice$2.call(arguments, 1);
-               return polyfill$5.apply(array, args);
-       };
+         // iOS Safari 7.x bug
+         var testView = new $DataView(new $ArrayBuffer(2));
+         var $setInt8 = uncurryThis$E(DataViewPrototype$1.setInt8);
+         testView.setInt8(0, 2147483648);
+         testView.setInt8(1, 2147483649);
+         if (testView.getInt8(0) || !testView.getInt8(1)) redefineAll$3(DataViewPrototype$1, {
+           setInt8: function setInt8(byteOffset, value) {
+             $setInt8(this, byteOffset, value << 24 >> 24);
+           },
+           setUint8: function setUint8(byteOffset, value) {
+             $setInt8(this, byteOffset, value << 24 >> 24);
+           }
+         }, { unsafe: true });
+       }
 
-       defineProperties_1(boundFindShim, {
-               getPolyfill: polyfill$4,
-               implementation: implementation$3,
-               shim: shim$8
-       });
+       setToStringTag$6($ArrayBuffer, ARRAY_BUFFER$1);
+       setToStringTag$6($DataView, DATA_VIEW);
 
-       var array_prototype_find = boundFindShim;
-
-       var implementation$4 = function findIndex(predicate) {
-               var list = ToObject(this);
-               var length = ToLength(list.length);
-               if (!IsCallable(predicate)) {
-                       throw new TypeError('Array#findIndex: predicate must be a function');
-               }
-
-               if (length === 0) {
-                       return -1;
-               }
-
-               var thisArg;
-               if (arguments.length > 0) {
-                       thisArg = arguments[1];
-               }
-
-               for (var i = 0, value; i < length; i++) {
-                       value = list[i];
-                       // inlined for performance: if (Call(predicate, thisArg, [value, i, list])) return i;
-                       if (predicate.apply(thisArg, [value, i, list])) {
-                               return i;
-                       }
-               }
-
-               return -1;
+       var arrayBuffer = {
+         ArrayBuffer: $ArrayBuffer,
+         DataView: $DataView
        };
 
-       var polyfill$6 = function getPolyfill() {
-               // Detect if an implementation exists
-               // Detect early implementations which skipped holes in sparse arrays
-               // eslint-disable-next-line no-sparse-arrays
-               var implemented = Array.prototype.findIndex && ([, 1].findIndex(function (item, idx) {
-                       return idx === 0;
-               }) === 0);
+       var global$P = global$1o;
+       var isConstructor$2 = isConstructor$4;
+       var tryToString$3 = tryToString$5;
 
-               return implemented ? Array.prototype.findIndex : implementation$4;
+       var TypeError$f = global$P.TypeError;
+
+       // `Assert: IsConstructor(argument) is true`
+       var aConstructor$3 = function (argument) {
+         if (isConstructor$2(argument)) return argument;
+         throw TypeError$f(tryToString$3(argument) + ' is not a constructor');
        };
 
-       var shim$9 = function shimFindIndex() {
-               var polyfill = polyfill$6();
+       var anObject$g = anObject$n;
+       var aConstructor$2 = aConstructor$3;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$h = wellKnownSymbol$t;
 
-               defineProperties_1(Array.prototype, { findIndex: polyfill }, {
-                       findIndex: function () {
-                               return Array.prototype.findIndex !== polyfill;
-                       }
-               });
+       var SPECIES$5 = wellKnownSymbol$h('species');
 
-               return polyfill;
+       // `SpeciesConstructor` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-speciesconstructor
+       var speciesConstructor$5 = function (O, defaultConstructor) {
+         var C = anObject$g(O).constructor;
+         var S;
+         return C === undefined || (S = anObject$g(C)[SPECIES$5]) == undefined ? defaultConstructor : aConstructor$2(S);
        };
 
-       var slice$3 = Array.prototype.slice;
-
-       var polyfill$7 = polyfill$6();
+       var $$19 = _export;
+       var uncurryThis$D = functionUncurryThis;
+       var fails$I = fails$V;
+       var ArrayBufferModule$2 = arrayBuffer;
+       var anObject$f = anObject$n;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$5 = toAbsoluteIndex$9;
+       var toLength$8 = toLength$c;
+       var speciesConstructor$4 = speciesConstructor$5;
 
-       var boundShim = function findIndex(array, predicate) { // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars
-               RequireObjectCoercible(array);
-               var args = slice$3.call(arguments, 1);
-               return polyfill$7.apply(array, args);
-       };
+       var ArrayBuffer$4 = ArrayBufferModule$2.ArrayBuffer;
+       var DataView$2 = ArrayBufferModule$2.DataView;
+       var DataViewPrototype = DataView$2.prototype;
+       var un$ArrayBufferSlice = uncurryThis$D(ArrayBuffer$4.prototype.slice);
+       var getUint8 = uncurryThis$D(DataViewPrototype.getUint8);
+       var setUint8 = uncurryThis$D(DataViewPrototype.setUint8);
 
-       defineProperties_1(boundShim, {
-               getPolyfill: polyfill$6,
-               implementation: implementation$4,
-               shim: shim$9
+       var INCORRECT_SLICE = fails$I(function () {
+         return !new ArrayBuffer$4(2).slice(1, undefined).byteLength;
        });
 
-       var array_prototype_findindex = boundShim;
+       // `ArrayBuffer.prototype.slice` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-arraybuffer.prototype.slice
+       $$19({ target: 'ArrayBuffer', proto: true, unsafe: true, forced: INCORRECT_SLICE }, {
+         slice: function slice(start, end) {
+           if (un$ArrayBufferSlice && end === undefined) {
+             return un$ArrayBufferSlice(anObject$f(this), start); // FF fix
+           }
+           var length = anObject$f(this).byteLength;
+           var first = toAbsoluteIndex$5(start, length);
+           var fin = toAbsoluteIndex$5(end === undefined ? length : end, length);
+           var result = new (speciesConstructor$4(this, ArrayBuffer$4))(toLength$8(fin - first));
+           var viewSource = new DataView$2(this);
+           var viewTarget = new DataView$2(result);
+           var index = 0;
+           while (first < fin) {
+             setUint8(viewTarget, index++, getUint8(viewSource, first++));
+           } return result;
+         }
+       });
 
-       var $apply$1 = GetIntrinsic('%Reflect.apply%', true) || callBound('%Function.prototype.apply%');
+       var $$18 = _export;
+       var ArrayBufferModule$1 = arrayBuffer;
+       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER$1 = arrayBufferNative;
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-call
+       // `DataView` constructor
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-dataview-constructor
+       $$18({ global: true, forced: !NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER$1 }, {
+         DataView: ArrayBufferModule$1.DataView
+       });
 
-       var Call = function Call(F, V) {
-               var args = arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : [];
-               return $apply$1(F, V, args);
+       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER = arrayBufferNative;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$e = descriptors;
+       var global$O = global$1o;
+       var isCallable$9 = isCallable$r;
+       var isObject$k = isObject$s;
+       var hasOwn$9 = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var classof$7 = classof$d;
+       var tryToString$2 = tryToString$5;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$4 = createNonEnumerableProperty$b;
+       var redefine$9 = redefine$h.exports;
+       var defineProperty$7 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var isPrototypeOf$5 = objectIsPrototypeOf;
+       var getPrototypeOf$1 = objectGetPrototypeOf;
+       var setPrototypeOf$4 = objectSetPrototypeOf;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$g = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+       var uid$1 = uid$5;
+
+       var Int8Array$4 = global$O.Int8Array;
+       var Int8ArrayPrototype$1 = Int8Array$4 && Int8Array$4.prototype;
+       var Uint8ClampedArray$1 = global$O.Uint8ClampedArray;
+       var Uint8ClampedArrayPrototype = Uint8ClampedArray$1 && Uint8ClampedArray$1.prototype;
+       var TypedArray$1 = Int8Array$4 && getPrototypeOf$1(Int8Array$4);
+       var TypedArrayPrototype$2 = Int8ArrayPrototype$1 && getPrototypeOf$1(Int8ArrayPrototype$1);
+       var ObjectPrototype$1 = Object.prototype;
+       var TypeError$e = global$O.TypeError;
+
+       var TO_STRING_TAG = wellKnownSymbol$g('toStringTag');
+       var TYPED_ARRAY_TAG$1 = uid$1('TYPED_ARRAY_TAG');
+       var TYPED_ARRAY_CONSTRUCTOR$2 = uid$1('TYPED_ARRAY_CONSTRUCTOR');
+       // Fixing native typed arrays in Opera Presto crashes the browser, see #595
+       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3 = NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER && !!setPrototypeOf$4 && classof$7(global$O.opera) !== 'Opera';
+       var TYPED_ARRAY_TAG_REQUIRED = false;
+       var NAME$1, Constructor, Prototype;
+
+       var TypedArrayConstructorsList = {
+         Int8Array: 1,
+         Uint8Array: 1,
+         Uint8ClampedArray: 1,
+         Int16Array: 2,
+         Uint16Array: 2,
+         Int32Array: 4,
+         Uint32Array: 4,
+         Float32Array: 4,
+         Float64Array: 8
+       };
+
+       var BigIntArrayConstructorsList = {
+         BigInt64Array: 8,
+         BigUint64Array: 8
+       };
+
+       var isView = function isView(it) {
+         if (!isObject$k(it)) return false;
+         var klass = classof$7(it);
+         return klass === 'DataView'
+           || hasOwn$9(TypedArrayConstructorsList, klass)
+           || hasOwn$9(BigIntArrayConstructorsList, klass);
+       };
+
+       var isTypedArray$1 = function (it) {
+         if (!isObject$k(it)) return false;
+         var klass = classof$7(it);
+         return hasOwn$9(TypedArrayConstructorsList, klass)
+           || hasOwn$9(BigIntArrayConstructorsList, klass);
+       };
+
+       var aTypedArray$m = function (it) {
+         if (isTypedArray$1(it)) return it;
+         throw TypeError$e('Target is not a typed array');
+       };
+
+       var aTypedArrayConstructor$3 = function (C) {
+         if (isCallable$9(C) && (!setPrototypeOf$4 || isPrototypeOf$5(TypedArray$1, C))) return C;
+         throw TypeError$e(tryToString$2(C) + ' is not a typed array constructor');
+       };
+
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$n = function (KEY, property, forced, options) {
+         if (!DESCRIPTORS$e) return;
+         if (forced) for (var ARRAY in TypedArrayConstructorsList) {
+           var TypedArrayConstructor = global$O[ARRAY];
+           if (TypedArrayConstructor && hasOwn$9(TypedArrayConstructor.prototype, KEY)) try {
+             delete TypedArrayConstructor.prototype[KEY];
+           } catch (error) {
+             // old WebKit bug - some methods are non-configurable
+             try {
+               TypedArrayConstructor.prototype[KEY] = property;
+             } catch (error2) { /* empty */ }
+           }
+         }
+         if (!TypedArrayPrototype$2[KEY] || forced) {
+           redefine$9(TypedArrayPrototype$2, KEY, forced ? property
+             : NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3 && Int8ArrayPrototype$1[KEY] || property, options);
+         }
        };
 
-       var $defineProperty = GetIntrinsic('%Object.defineProperty%', true);
-
-       if ($defineProperty) {
-               try {
-                       $defineProperty({}, 'a', { value: 1 });
-               } catch (e) {
-                       // IE 8 has a broken defineProperty
-                       $defineProperty = null;
-               }
-       }
-
-
-
-       var $isEnumerable = callBound('Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable');
-
-       // eslint-disable-next-line max-params
-       var DefineOwnProperty = function DefineOwnProperty(IsDataDescriptor, SameValue, FromPropertyDescriptor, O, P, desc) {
-               if (!$defineProperty) {
-                       if (!IsDataDescriptor(desc)) {
-                               // ES3 does not support getters/setters
-                               return false;
-                       }
-                       if (!desc['[[Configurable]]'] || !desc['[[Writable]]']) {
-                               return false;
-                       }
-
-                       // fallback for ES3
-                       if (P in O && $isEnumerable(O, P) !== !!desc['[[Enumerable]]']) {
-                               // a non-enumerable existing property
-                               return false;
-                       }
-
-                       // property does not exist at all, or exists but is enumerable
-                       var V = desc['[[Value]]'];
-                       // eslint-disable-next-line no-param-reassign
-                       O[P] = V; // will use [[Define]]
-                       return SameValue(O[P], V);
-               }
-               $defineProperty(O, P, FromPropertyDescriptor(desc));
-               return true;
+       var exportTypedArrayStaticMethod$1 = function (KEY, property, forced) {
+         var ARRAY, TypedArrayConstructor;
+         if (!DESCRIPTORS$e) return;
+         if (setPrototypeOf$4) {
+           if (forced) for (ARRAY in TypedArrayConstructorsList) {
+             TypedArrayConstructor = global$O[ARRAY];
+             if (TypedArrayConstructor && hasOwn$9(TypedArrayConstructor, KEY)) try {
+               delete TypedArrayConstructor[KEY];
+             } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
+           }
+           if (!TypedArray$1[KEY] || forced) {
+             // V8 ~ Chrome 49-50 `%TypedArray%` methods are non-writable non-configurable
+             try {
+               return redefine$9(TypedArray$1, KEY, forced ? property : NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3 && TypedArray$1[KEY] || property);
+             } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
+           } else return;
+         }
+         for (ARRAY in TypedArrayConstructorsList) {
+           TypedArrayConstructor = global$O[ARRAY];
+           if (TypedArrayConstructor && (!TypedArrayConstructor[KEY] || forced)) {
+             redefine$9(TypedArrayConstructor, KEY, property);
+           }
+         }
        };
 
-       var src = functionBind.call(Function.call, Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty);
-
-       var $TypeError$3 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');
-       var $SyntaxError = GetIntrinsic('%SyntaxError%');
-
-
-
-       var predicates = {
-               // https://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-property-descriptor-specification-type
-               'Property Descriptor': function isPropertyDescriptor(Type, Desc) {
-                       if (Type(Desc) !== 'Object') {
-                               return false;
-                       }
-                       var allowed = {
-                               '[[Configurable]]': true,
-                               '[[Enumerable]]': true,
-                               '[[Get]]': true,
-                               '[[Set]]': true,
-                               '[[Value]]': true,
-                               '[[Writable]]': true
-                       };
-
-                       for (var key in Desc) { // eslint-disable-line
-                               if (src(Desc, key) && !allowed[key]) {
-                                       return false;
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       var isData = src(Desc, '[[Value]]');
-                       var IsAccessor = src(Desc, '[[Get]]') || src(Desc, '[[Set]]');
-                       if (isData && IsAccessor) {
-                               throw new $TypeError$3('Property Descriptors may not be both accessor and data descriptors');
-                       }
-                       return true;
-               }
-       };
+       for (NAME$1 in TypedArrayConstructorsList) {
+         Constructor = global$O[NAME$1];
+         Prototype = Constructor && Constructor.prototype;
+         if (Prototype) createNonEnumerableProperty$4(Prototype, TYPED_ARRAY_CONSTRUCTOR$2, Constructor);
+         else NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3 = false;
+       }
 
-       var assertRecord = function assertRecord(Type, recordType, argumentName, value) {
-               var predicate = predicates[recordType];
-               if (typeof predicate !== 'function') {
-                       throw new $SyntaxError('unknown record type: ' + recordType);
-               }
-               if (!predicate(Type, value)) {
-                       throw new $TypeError$3(argumentName + ' must be a ' + recordType);
-               }
-       };
+       for (NAME$1 in BigIntArrayConstructorsList) {
+         Constructor = global$O[NAME$1];
+         Prototype = Constructor && Constructor.prototype;
+         if (Prototype) createNonEnumerableProperty$4(Prototype, TYPED_ARRAY_CONSTRUCTOR$2, Constructor);
+       }
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-8
-
-       var Type = function Type(x) {
-               if (x === null) {
-                       return 'Null';
-               }
-               if (typeof x === 'undefined') {
-                       return 'Undefined';
-               }
-               if (typeof x === 'function' || typeof x === 'object') {
-                       return 'Object';
-               }
-               if (typeof x === 'number') {
-                       return 'Number';
-               }
-               if (typeof x === 'boolean') {
-                       return 'Boolean';
-               }
-               if (typeof x === 'string') {
-                       return 'String';
-               }
-       };
+       // WebKit bug - typed arrays constructors prototype is Object.prototype
+       if (!NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3 || !isCallable$9(TypedArray$1) || TypedArray$1 === Function.prototype) {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-shadow -- safe
+         TypedArray$1 = function TypedArray() {
+           throw TypeError$e('Incorrect invocation');
+         };
+         if (NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3) for (NAME$1 in TypedArrayConstructorsList) {
+           if (global$O[NAME$1]) setPrototypeOf$4(global$O[NAME$1], TypedArray$1);
+         }
+       }
+
+       if (!NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3 || !TypedArrayPrototype$2 || TypedArrayPrototype$2 === ObjectPrototype$1) {
+         TypedArrayPrototype$2 = TypedArray$1.prototype;
+         if (NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3) for (NAME$1 in TypedArrayConstructorsList) {
+           if (global$O[NAME$1]) setPrototypeOf$4(global$O[NAME$1].prototype, TypedArrayPrototype$2);
+         }
+       }
 
-       // https://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-ecmascript-data-types-and-values
+       // WebKit bug - one more object in Uint8ClampedArray prototype chain
+       if (NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3 && getPrototypeOf$1(Uint8ClampedArrayPrototype) !== TypedArrayPrototype$2) {
+         setPrototypeOf$4(Uint8ClampedArrayPrototype, TypedArrayPrototype$2);
+       }
 
-       var Type$1 = function Type$1(x) {
-               if (typeof x === 'symbol') {
-                       return 'Symbol';
-               }
-               return Type(x);
-       };
+       if (DESCRIPTORS$e && !hasOwn$9(TypedArrayPrototype$2, TO_STRING_TAG)) {
+         TYPED_ARRAY_TAG_REQUIRED = true;
+         defineProperty$7(TypedArrayPrototype$2, TO_STRING_TAG, { get: function () {
+           return isObject$k(this) ? this[TYPED_ARRAY_TAG$1] : undefined;
+         } });
+         for (NAME$1 in TypedArrayConstructorsList) if (global$O[NAME$1]) {
+           createNonEnumerableProperty$4(global$O[NAME$1], TYPED_ARRAY_TAG$1, NAME$1);
+         }
+       }
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-frompropertydescriptor
-
-       var FromPropertyDescriptor = function FromPropertyDescriptor(Desc) {
-               if (typeof Desc === 'undefined') {
-                       return Desc;
-               }
-
-               assertRecord(Type$1, 'Property Descriptor', 'Desc', Desc);
-
-               var obj = {};
-               if ('[[Value]]' in Desc) {
-                       obj.value = Desc['[[Value]]'];
-               }
-               if ('[[Writable]]' in Desc) {
-                       obj.writable = Desc['[[Writable]]'];
-               }
-               if ('[[Get]]' in Desc) {
-                       obj.get = Desc['[[Get]]'];
-               }
-               if ('[[Set]]' in Desc) {
-                       obj.set = Desc['[[Set]]'];
-               }
-               if ('[[Enumerable]]' in Desc) {
-                       obj.enumerable = Desc['[[Enumerable]]'];
-               }
-               if ('[[Configurable]]' in Desc) {
-                       obj.configurable = Desc['[[Configurable]]'];
-               }
-               return obj;
+       var arrayBufferViewCore = {
+         NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS: NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$3,
+         TYPED_ARRAY_CONSTRUCTOR: TYPED_ARRAY_CONSTRUCTOR$2,
+         TYPED_ARRAY_TAG: TYPED_ARRAY_TAG_REQUIRED && TYPED_ARRAY_TAG$1,
+         aTypedArray: aTypedArray$m,
+         aTypedArrayConstructor: aTypedArrayConstructor$3,
+         exportTypedArrayMethod: exportTypedArrayMethod$n,
+         exportTypedArrayStaticMethod: exportTypedArrayStaticMethod$1,
+         isView: isView,
+         isTypedArray: isTypedArray$1,
+         TypedArray: TypedArray$1,
+         TypedArrayPrototype: TypedArrayPrototype$2
        };
 
-       var $gOPD$1 = GetIntrinsic('%Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor%');
-       if ($gOPD$1) {
-               try {
-                       $gOPD$1([], 'length');
-               } catch (e) {
-                       // IE 8 has a broken gOPD
-                       $gOPD$1 = null;
-               }
-       }
+       var $$17 = _export;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$o = arrayBufferViewCore;
+
+       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$2 = ArrayBufferViewCore$o.NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS;
 
-       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor = $gOPD$1;
+       // `ArrayBuffer.isView` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-arraybuffer.isview
+       $$17({ target: 'ArrayBuffer', stat: true, forced: !NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$2 }, {
+         isView: ArrayBufferViewCore$o.isView
+       });
 
-       var $Array = GetIntrinsic('%Array%');
+       var getBuiltIn$4 = getBuiltIn$b;
+       var definePropertyModule$1 = objectDefineProperty;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$f = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$d = descriptors;
 
-       // eslint-disable-next-line global-require
-       var toStr$6 = !$Array.isArray && callBound('Object.prototype.toString');
+       var SPECIES$4 = wellKnownSymbol$f('species');
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-isarray
+       var setSpecies$5 = function (CONSTRUCTOR_NAME) {
+         var Constructor = getBuiltIn$4(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
+         var defineProperty = definePropertyModule$1.f;
 
-       var IsArray = $Array.isArray || function IsArray(argument) {
-               return toStr$6(argument) === '[object Array]';
+         if (DESCRIPTORS$d && Constructor && !Constructor[SPECIES$4]) {
+           defineProperty(Constructor, SPECIES$4, {
+             configurable: true,
+             get: function () { return this; }
+           });
+         }
        };
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-ispropertykey
+       var $$16 = _export;
+       var global$N = global$1o;
+       var arrayBufferModule = arrayBuffer;
+       var setSpecies$4 = setSpecies$5;
+
+       var ARRAY_BUFFER = 'ArrayBuffer';
+       var ArrayBuffer$3 = arrayBufferModule[ARRAY_BUFFER];
+       var NativeArrayBuffer = global$N[ARRAY_BUFFER];
+
+       // `ArrayBuffer` constructor
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-arraybuffer-constructor
+       $$16({ global: true, forced: NativeArrayBuffer !== ArrayBuffer$3 }, {
+         ArrayBuffer: ArrayBuffer$3
+       });
+
+       setSpecies$4(ARRAY_BUFFER);
 
-       var IsPropertyKey = function IsPropertyKey(argument) {
-               return typeof argument === 'string' || typeof argument === 'symbol';
+       var fails$H = fails$V;
+
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$9 = function (METHOD_NAME, argument) {
+         var method = [][METHOD_NAME];
+         return !!method && fails$H(function () {
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-useless-call,no-throw-literal -- required for testing
+           method.call(null, argument || function () { throw 1; }, 1);
+         });
        };
 
-       var hasSymbols$4 = hasSymbols$1();
-       var hasToStringTag$2 = hasSymbols$4 && typeof Symbol.toStringTag === 'symbol';
-       var regexExec;
-       var isRegexMarker;
-       var badStringifier;
+       /* eslint-disable es/no-array-prototype-indexof -- required for testing */
+       var $$15 = _export;
+       var uncurryThis$C = functionUncurryThis;
+       var $IndexOf = arrayIncludes.indexOf;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$8 = arrayMethodIsStrict$9;
 
-       if (hasToStringTag$2) {
-               regexExec = Function.call.bind(RegExp.prototype.exec);
-               isRegexMarker = {};
+       var un$IndexOf = uncurryThis$C([].indexOf);
 
-               var throwRegexMarker = function () {
-                       throw isRegexMarker;
-               };
-               badStringifier = {
-                       toString: throwRegexMarker,
-                       valueOf: throwRegexMarker
-               };
+       var NEGATIVE_ZERO$1 = !!un$IndexOf && 1 / un$IndexOf([1], 1, -0) < 0;
+       var STRICT_METHOD$8 = arrayMethodIsStrict$8('indexOf');
 
-               if (typeof Symbol.toPrimitive === 'symbol') {
-                       badStringifier[Symbol.toPrimitive] = throwRegexMarker;
-               }
-       }
+       // `Array.prototype.indexOf` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.indexof
+       $$15({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: NEGATIVE_ZERO$1 || !STRICT_METHOD$8 }, {
+         indexOf: function indexOf(searchElement /* , fromIndex = 0 */) {
+           var fromIndex = arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined;
+           return NEGATIVE_ZERO$1
+             // convert -0 to +0
+             ? un$IndexOf(this, searchElement, fromIndex) || 0
+             : $IndexOf(this, searchElement, fromIndex);
+         }
+       });
 
-       var toStr$7 = Object.prototype.toString;
-       var regexClass = '[object RegExp]';
+       var anObject$e = anObject$n;
+
+       // `RegExp.prototype.flags` getter implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-get-regexp.prototype.flags
+       var regexpFlags$1 = function () {
+         var that = anObject$e(this);
+         var result = '';
+         if (that.global) result += 'g';
+         if (that.ignoreCase) result += 'i';
+         if (that.multiline) result += 'm';
+         if (that.dotAll) result += 's';
+         if (that.unicode) result += 'u';
+         if (that.sticky) result += 'y';
+         return result;
+       };
 
-       var isRegex = hasToStringTag$2
-               // eslint-disable-next-line consistent-return
-               ? function isRegex(value) {
-                       if (!value || typeof value !== 'object') {
-                               return false;
-                       }
+       var fails$G = fails$V;
+       var global$M = global$1o;
 
-                       try {
-                               regexExec(value, badStringifier);
-                       } catch (e) {
-                               return e === isRegexMarker;
-                       }
-               }
-               : function isRegex(value) {
-                       // In older browsers, typeof regex incorrectly returns 'function'
-                       if (!value || (typeof value !== 'object' && typeof value !== 'function')) {
-                               return false;
-                       }
+       // babel-minify and Closure Compiler transpiles RegExp('a', 'y') -> /a/y and it causes SyntaxError
+       var $RegExp$2 = global$M.RegExp;
 
-                       return toStr$7.call(value) === regexClass;
-               };
+       var UNSUPPORTED_Y$3 = fails$G(function () {
+         var re = $RegExp$2('a', 'y');
+         re.lastIndex = 2;
+         return re.exec('abcd') != null;
+       });
 
-       // http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-9.2
+       // UC Browser bug
+       // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/1008
+       var MISSED_STICKY$1 = UNSUPPORTED_Y$3 || fails$G(function () {
+         return !$RegExp$2('a', 'y').sticky;
+       });
 
-       var ToBoolean = function ToBoolean(value) { return !!value; };
+       var BROKEN_CARET = UNSUPPORTED_Y$3 || fails$G(function () {
+         // https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=773687
+         var re = $RegExp$2('^r', 'gy');
+         re.lastIndex = 2;
+         return re.exec('str') != null;
+       });
 
-       var $match = GetIntrinsic('%Symbol.match%', true);
+       var regexpStickyHelpers = {
+         BROKEN_CARET: BROKEN_CARET,
+         MISSED_STICKY: MISSED_STICKY$1,
+         UNSUPPORTED_Y: UNSUPPORTED_Y$3
+       };
 
+       var fails$F = fails$V;
+       var global$L = global$1o;
 
+       // babel-minify and Closure Compiler transpiles RegExp('.', 's') -> /./s and it causes SyntaxError
+       var $RegExp$1 = global$L.RegExp;
 
+       var regexpUnsupportedDotAll = fails$F(function () {
+         var re = $RegExp$1('.', 's');
+         return !(re.dotAll && re.exec('\n') && re.flags === 's');
+       });
 
+       var fails$E = fails$V;
+       var global$K = global$1o;
 
-       // https://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-isregexp
+       // babel-minify and Closure Compiler transpiles RegExp('(?<a>b)', 'g') -> /(?<a>b)/g and it causes SyntaxError
+       var $RegExp = global$K.RegExp;
 
-       var IsRegExp = function IsRegExp(argument) {
-               if (!argument || typeof argument !== 'object') {
-                       return false;
-               }
-               if ($match) {
-                       var isRegExp = argument[$match];
-                       if (typeof isRegExp !== 'undefined') {
-                               return ToBoolean(isRegExp);
-                       }
-               }
-               return isRegex(argument);
-       };
+       var regexpUnsupportedNcg = fails$E(function () {
+         var re = $RegExp('(?<a>b)', 'g');
+         return re.exec('b').groups.a !== 'b' ||
+           'b'.replace(re, '$<a>c') !== 'bc';
+       });
 
-       var $TypeError$4 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');
-
-
-
-
-
-       // https://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-8.10.5
-
-       var ToPropertyDescriptor = function ToPropertyDescriptor(Obj) {
-               if (Type$1(Obj) !== 'Object') {
-                       throw new $TypeError$4('ToPropertyDescriptor requires an object');
-               }
-
-               var desc = {};
-               if (src(Obj, 'enumerable')) {
-                       desc['[[Enumerable]]'] = ToBoolean(Obj.enumerable);
-               }
-               if (src(Obj, 'configurable')) {
-                       desc['[[Configurable]]'] = ToBoolean(Obj.configurable);
-               }
-               if (src(Obj, 'value')) {
-                       desc['[[Value]]'] = Obj.value;
-               }
-               if (src(Obj, 'writable')) {
-                       desc['[[Writable]]'] = ToBoolean(Obj.writable);
-               }
-               if (src(Obj, 'get')) {
-                       var getter = Obj.get;
-                       if (typeof getter !== 'undefined' && !IsCallable(getter)) {
-                               throw new TypeError('getter must be a function');
-                       }
-                       desc['[[Get]]'] = getter;
-               }
-               if (src(Obj, 'set')) {
-                       var setter = Obj.set;
-                       if (typeof setter !== 'undefined' && !IsCallable(setter)) {
-                               throw new $TypeError$4('setter must be a function');
-                       }
-                       desc['[[Set]]'] = setter;
-               }
-
-               if ((src(desc, '[[Get]]') || src(desc, '[[Set]]')) && (src(desc, '[[Value]]') || src(desc, '[[Writable]]'))) {
-                       throw new $TypeError$4('Invalid property descriptor. Cannot both specify accessors and a value or writable attribute');
-               }
-               return desc;
-       };
+       /* eslint-disable regexp/no-empty-capturing-group, regexp/no-empty-group, regexp/no-lazy-ends -- testing */
+       /* eslint-disable regexp/no-useless-quantifier -- testing */
+       var call$i = functionCall;
+       var uncurryThis$B = functionUncurryThis;
+       var toString$g = toString$k;
+       var regexpFlags = regexpFlags$1;
+       var stickyHelpers$2 = regexpStickyHelpers;
+       var shared = shared$5.exports;
+       var create$8 = objectCreate;
+       var getInternalState$2 = internalState.get;
+       var UNSUPPORTED_DOT_ALL$1 = regexpUnsupportedDotAll;
+       var UNSUPPORTED_NCG$1 = regexpUnsupportedNcg;
+
+       var nativeReplace = shared('native-string-replace', String.prototype.replace);
+       var nativeExec = RegExp.prototype.exec;
+       var patchedExec = nativeExec;
+       var charAt$6 = uncurryThis$B(''.charAt);
+       var indexOf = uncurryThis$B(''.indexOf);
+       var replace$7 = uncurryThis$B(''.replace);
+       var stringSlice$9 = uncurryThis$B(''.slice);
+
+       var UPDATES_LAST_INDEX_WRONG = (function () {
+         var re1 = /a/;
+         var re2 = /b*/g;
+         call$i(nativeExec, re1, 'a');
+         call$i(nativeExec, re2, 'a');
+         return re1.lastIndex !== 0 || re2.lastIndex !== 0;
+       })();
 
-       var $TypeError$5 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');
+       var UNSUPPORTED_Y$2 = stickyHelpers$2.BROKEN_CARET;
 
+       // nonparticipating capturing group, copied from es5-shim's String#split patch.
+       var NPCG_INCLUDED = /()??/.exec('')[1] !== undefined;
 
+       var PATCH = UPDATES_LAST_INDEX_WRONG || NPCG_INCLUDED || UNSUPPORTED_Y$2 || UNSUPPORTED_DOT_ALL$1 || UNSUPPORTED_NCG$1;
 
-       var $isEnumerable$1 = callBound('Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable');
+       if (PATCH) {
+         patchedExec = function exec(string) {
+           var re = this;
+           var state = getInternalState$2(re);
+           var str = toString$g(string);
+           var raw = state.raw;
+           var result, reCopy, lastIndex, match, i, object, group;
 
+           if (raw) {
+             raw.lastIndex = re.lastIndex;
+             result = call$i(patchedExec, raw, str);
+             re.lastIndex = raw.lastIndex;
+             return result;
+           }
 
+           var groups = state.groups;
+           var sticky = UNSUPPORTED_Y$2 && re.sticky;
+           var flags = call$i(regexpFlags, re);
+           var source = re.source;
+           var charsAdded = 0;
+           var strCopy = str;
 
+           if (sticky) {
+             flags = replace$7(flags, 'y', '');
+             if (indexOf(flags, 'g') === -1) {
+               flags += 'g';
+             }
 
+             strCopy = stringSlice$9(str, re.lastIndex);
+             // Support anchored sticky behavior.
+             if (re.lastIndex > 0 && (!re.multiline || re.multiline && charAt$6(str, re.lastIndex - 1) !== '\n')) {
+               source = '(?: ' + source + ')';
+               strCopy = ' ' + strCopy;
+               charsAdded++;
+             }
+             // ^(? + rx + ) is needed, in combination with some str slicing, to
+             // simulate the 'y' flag.
+             reCopy = new RegExp('^(?:' + source + ')', flags);
+           }
 
+           if (NPCG_INCLUDED) {
+             reCopy = new RegExp('^' + source + '$(?!\\s)', flags);
+           }
+           if (UPDATES_LAST_INDEX_WRONG) lastIndex = re.lastIndex;
 
+           match = call$i(nativeExec, sticky ? reCopy : re, strCopy);
 
+           if (sticky) {
+             if (match) {
+               match.input = stringSlice$9(match.input, charsAdded);
+               match[0] = stringSlice$9(match[0], charsAdded);
+               match.index = re.lastIndex;
+               re.lastIndex += match[0].length;
+             } else re.lastIndex = 0;
+           } else if (UPDATES_LAST_INDEX_WRONG && match) {
+             re.lastIndex = re.global ? match.index + match[0].length : lastIndex;
+           }
+           if (NPCG_INCLUDED && match && match.length > 1) {
+             // Fix browsers whose `exec` methods don't consistently return `undefined`
+             // for NPCG, like IE8. NOTE: This doesn' work for /(.?)?/
+             call$i(nativeReplace, match[0], reCopy, function () {
+               for (i = 1; i < arguments.length - 2; i++) {
+                 if (arguments[i] === undefined) match[i] = undefined;
+               }
+             });
+           }
 
+           if (match && groups) {
+             match.groups = object = create$8(null);
+             for (i = 0; i < groups.length; i++) {
+               group = groups[i];
+               object[group[0]] = match[group[1]];
+             }
+           }
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-ordinarygetownproperty
+           return match;
+         };
+       }
 
-       var OrdinaryGetOwnProperty = function OrdinaryGetOwnProperty(O, P) {
-               if (Type$1(O) !== 'Object') {
-                       throw new $TypeError$5('Assertion failed: O must be an Object');
-               }
-               if (!IsPropertyKey(P)) {
-                       throw new $TypeError$5('Assertion failed: P must be a Property Key');
-               }
-               if (!src(O, P)) {
-                       return void 0;
-               }
-               if (!getOwnPropertyDescriptor) {
-                       // ES3 / IE 8 fallback
-                       var arrayLength = IsArray(O) && P === 'length';
-                       var regexLastIndex = IsRegExp(O) && P === 'lastIndex';
-                       return {
-                               '[[Configurable]]': !(arrayLength || regexLastIndex),
-                               '[[Enumerable]]': $isEnumerable$1(O, P),
-                               '[[Value]]': O[P],
-                               '[[Writable]]': true
-                       };
-               }
-               return ToPropertyDescriptor(getOwnPropertyDescriptor(O, P));
-       };
+       var regexpExec$3 = patchedExec;
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-isdatadescriptor
+       var $$14 = _export;
+       var exec$5 = regexpExec$3;
 
-       var IsDataDescriptor = function IsDataDescriptor(Desc) {
-               if (typeof Desc === 'undefined') {
-                       return false;
-               }
+       // `RegExp.prototype.exec` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype.exec
+       $$14({ target: 'RegExp', proto: true, forced: /./.exec !== exec$5 }, {
+         exec: exec$5
+       });
 
-               assertRecord(Type$1, 'Property Descriptor', 'Desc', Desc);
+       var fails$D = fails$V;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$e = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+       var V8_VERSION$2 = engineV8Version;
 
-               if (!src(Desc, '[[Value]]') && !src(Desc, '[[Writable]]')) {
-                       return false;
-               }
+       var SPECIES$3 = wellKnownSymbol$e('species');
 
-               return true;
+       var arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$5 = function (METHOD_NAME) {
+         // We can't use this feature detection in V8 since it causes
+         // deoptimization and serious performance degradation
+         // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/677
+         return V8_VERSION$2 >= 51 || !fails$D(function () {
+           var array = [];
+           var constructor = array.constructor = {};
+           constructor[SPECIES$3] = function () {
+             return { foo: 1 };
+           };
+           return array[METHOD_NAME](Boolean).foo !== 1;
+         });
        };
 
-       var $Object$1 = GetIntrinsic('%Object%');
+       var $$13 = _export;
+       var $map$1 = arrayIteration.map;
+       var arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$4 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$5;
+
+       var HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$3 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$4('map');
 
+       // `Array.prototype.map` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.map
+       // with adding support of @@species
+       $$13({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$3 }, {
+         map: function map(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
+           return $map$1(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+         }
+       });
 
+       var $forEach$1 = arrayIteration.forEach;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$7 = arrayMethodIsStrict$9;
 
-       var $preventExtensions = $Object$1.preventExtensions;
-       var $isExtensible = $Object$1.isExtensible;
+       var STRICT_METHOD$7 = arrayMethodIsStrict$7('forEach');
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-isextensible-o
+       // `Array.prototype.forEach` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.foreach
+       var arrayForEach = !STRICT_METHOD$7 ? function forEach(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
+         return $forEach$1(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-array-prototype-foreach -- safe
+       } : [].forEach;
 
-       var IsExtensible = $preventExtensions
-               ? function IsExtensible(obj) {
-                       return !isPrimitive(obj) && $isExtensible(obj);
-               }
-               : function IsExtensible(obj) {
-                       return !isPrimitive(obj);
-               };
+       var $$12 = _export;
+       var forEach$3 = arrayForEach;
+
+       // `Array.prototype.forEach` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.foreach
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-array-prototype-foreach -- safe
+       $$12({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: [].forEach != forEach$3 }, {
+         forEach: forEach$3
+       });
 
-       // http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-9.12
+       var global$J = global$1o;
+       var DOMIterables = domIterables;
+       var DOMTokenListPrototype = domTokenListPrototype;
+       var forEach$2 = arrayForEach;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$3 = createNonEnumerableProperty$b;
 
-       var SameValue = function SameValue(x, y) {
-               if (x === y) { // 0 === -0, but they are not identical.
-                       if (x === 0) { return 1 / x === 1 / y; }
-                       return true;
-               }
-               return _isNaN(x) && _isNaN(y);
+       var handlePrototype = function (CollectionPrototype) {
+         // some Chrome versions have non-configurable methods on DOMTokenList
+         if (CollectionPrototype && CollectionPrototype.forEach !== forEach$2) try {
+           createNonEnumerableProperty$3(CollectionPrototype, 'forEach', forEach$2);
+         } catch (error) {
+           CollectionPrototype.forEach = forEach$2;
+         }
        };
 
-       var $TypeError$6 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');
+       for (var COLLECTION_NAME in DOMIterables) {
+         if (DOMIterables[COLLECTION_NAME]) {
+           handlePrototype(global$J[COLLECTION_NAME] && global$J[COLLECTION_NAME].prototype);
+         }
+       }
+
+       handlePrototype(DOMTokenListPrototype);
 
+       var $$11 = _export;
+       var isArray$5 = isArray$8;
 
+       // `Array.isArray` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.isarray
+       $$11({ target: 'Array', stat: true }, {
+         isArray: isArray$5
+       });
+
+       var $$10 = _export;
+       var fails$C = fails$V;
+       var getOwnPropertyNames$3 = objectGetOwnPropertyNamesExternal.f;
 
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertynames -- required for testing
+       var FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$5 = fails$C(function () { return !Object.getOwnPropertyNames(1); });
 
+       // `Object.getOwnPropertyNames` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertynames
+       $$10({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$5 }, {
+         getOwnPropertyNames: getOwnPropertyNames$3
+       });
 
+       var global$I = global$1o;
 
+       var nativePromiseConstructor = global$I.Promise;
 
+       var wellKnownSymbol$d = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+       var Iterators$1 = iterators;
 
+       var ITERATOR$7 = wellKnownSymbol$d('iterator');
+       var ArrayPrototype = Array.prototype;
 
+       // check on default Array iterator
+       var isArrayIteratorMethod$3 = function (it) {
+         return it !== undefined && (Iterators$1.Array === it || ArrayPrototype[ITERATOR$7] === it);
+       };
 
+       var classof$6 = classof$d;
+       var getMethod$5 = getMethod$7;
+       var Iterators = iterators;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$c = wellKnownSymbol$t;
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-createdataproperty
+       var ITERATOR$6 = wellKnownSymbol$c('iterator');
 
-       var CreateDataProperty = function CreateDataProperty(O, P, V) {
-               if (Type$1(O) !== 'Object') {
-                       throw new $TypeError$6('Assertion failed: Type(O) is not Object');
-               }
-               if (!IsPropertyKey(P)) {
-                       throw new $TypeError$6('Assertion failed: IsPropertyKey(P) is not true');
-               }
-               var oldDesc = OrdinaryGetOwnProperty(O, P);
-               var extensible = !oldDesc || IsExtensible(O);
-               var immutable = oldDesc && (!oldDesc['[[Writable]]'] || !oldDesc['[[Configurable]]']);
-               if (immutable || !extensible) {
-                       return false;
-               }
-               return DefineOwnProperty(
-                       IsDataDescriptor,
-                       SameValue,
-                       FromPropertyDescriptor,
-                       O,
-                       P,
-                       {
-                               '[[Configurable]]': true,
-                               '[[Enumerable]]': true,
-                               '[[Value]]': V,
-                               '[[Writable]]': true
-                       }
-               );
+       var getIteratorMethod$5 = function (it) {
+         if (it != undefined) return getMethod$5(it, ITERATOR$6)
+           || getMethod$5(it, '@@iterator')
+           || Iterators[classof$6(it)];
        };
 
-       var $TypeError$7 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');
+       var global$H = global$1o;
+       var call$h = functionCall;
+       var aCallable$7 = aCallable$a;
+       var anObject$d = anObject$n;
+       var tryToString$1 = tryToString$5;
+       var getIteratorMethod$4 = getIteratorMethod$5;
 
+       var TypeError$d = global$H.TypeError;
 
+       var getIterator$4 = function (argument, usingIterator) {
+         var iteratorMethod = arguments.length < 2 ? getIteratorMethod$4(argument) : usingIterator;
+         if (aCallable$7(iteratorMethod)) return anObject$d(call$h(iteratorMethod, argument));
+         throw TypeError$d(tryToString$1(argument) + ' is not iterable');
+       };
+
+       var call$g = functionCall;
+       var anObject$c = anObject$n;
+       var getMethod$4 = getMethod$7;
 
+       var iteratorClose$2 = function (iterator, kind, value) {
+         var innerResult, innerError;
+         anObject$c(iterator);
+         try {
+           innerResult = getMethod$4(iterator, 'return');
+           if (!innerResult) {
+             if (kind === 'throw') throw value;
+             return value;
+           }
+           innerResult = call$g(innerResult, iterator);
+         } catch (error) {
+           innerError = true;
+           innerResult = error;
+         }
+         if (kind === 'throw') throw value;
+         if (innerError) throw innerResult;
+         anObject$c(innerResult);
+         return value;
+       };
 
+       var global$G = global$1o;
+       var bind$d = functionBindContext;
+       var call$f = functionCall;
+       var anObject$b = anObject$n;
+       var tryToString = tryToString$5;
+       var isArrayIteratorMethod$2 = isArrayIteratorMethod$3;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$d = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
+       var isPrototypeOf$4 = objectIsPrototypeOf;
+       var getIterator$3 = getIterator$4;
+       var getIteratorMethod$3 = getIteratorMethod$5;
+       var iteratorClose$1 = iteratorClose$2;
 
-       // // https://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-createdatapropertyorthrow
+       var TypeError$c = global$G.TypeError;
 
-       var CreateDataPropertyOrThrow = function CreateDataPropertyOrThrow(O, P, V) {
-               if (Type$1(O) !== 'Object') {
-                       throw new $TypeError$7('Assertion failed: Type(O) is not Object');
-               }
-               if (!IsPropertyKey(P)) {
-                       throw new $TypeError$7('Assertion failed: IsPropertyKey(P) is not true');
-               }
-               var success = CreateDataProperty(O, P, V);
-               if (!success) {
-                       throw new $TypeError$7('unable to create data property');
-               }
-               return success;
+       var Result = function (stopped, result) {
+         this.stopped = stopped;
+         this.result = result;
        };
 
-       var hasMap = typeof Map === 'function' && Map.prototype;
-       var mapSizeDescriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor && hasMap ? Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Map.prototype, 'size') : null;
-       var mapSize = hasMap && mapSizeDescriptor && typeof mapSizeDescriptor.get === 'function' ? mapSizeDescriptor.get : null;
-       var mapForEach = hasMap && Map.prototype.forEach;
-       var hasSet = typeof Set === 'function' && Set.prototype;
-       var setSizeDescriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor && hasSet ? Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Set.prototype, 'size') : null;
-       var setSize = hasSet && setSizeDescriptor && typeof setSizeDescriptor.get === 'function' ? setSizeDescriptor.get : null;
-       var setForEach = hasSet && Set.prototype.forEach;
-       var booleanValueOf = Boolean.prototype.valueOf;
-       var objectToString$1 = Object.prototype.toString;
+       var ResultPrototype = Result.prototype;
 
-       var objectInspect = function inspect_ (obj, opts, depth, seen) {
-           if (typeof obj === 'undefined') {
-               return 'undefined';
-           }
-           if (obj === null) {
-               return 'null';
-           }
-           if (typeof obj === 'boolean') {
-               return obj ? 'true' : 'false';
-           }
-           if (typeof obj === 'string') {
-               return inspectString(obj);
-           }
-           if (typeof obj === 'number') {
-             if (obj === 0) {
-               return Infinity / obj > 0 ? '0' : '-0';
-             }
-             return String(obj);
-           }
+       var iterate$3 = function (iterable, unboundFunction, options) {
+         var that = options && options.that;
+         var AS_ENTRIES = !!(options && options.AS_ENTRIES);
+         var IS_ITERATOR = !!(options && options.IS_ITERATOR);
+         var INTERRUPTED = !!(options && options.INTERRUPTED);
+         var fn = bind$d(unboundFunction, that);
+         var iterator, iterFn, index, length, result, next, step;
 
-           if (!opts) opts = {};
+         var stop = function (condition) {
+           if (iterator) iteratorClose$1(iterator, 'normal', condition);
+           return new Result(true, condition);
+         };
 
-           var maxDepth = typeof opts.depth === 'undefined' ? 5 : opts.depth;
-           if (typeof depth === 'undefined') depth = 0;
-           if (depth >= maxDepth && maxDepth > 0 && typeof obj === 'object') {
-               return '[Object]';
-           }
+         var callFn = function (value) {
+           if (AS_ENTRIES) {
+             anObject$b(value);
+             return INTERRUPTED ? fn(value[0], value[1], stop) : fn(value[0], value[1]);
+           } return INTERRUPTED ? fn(value, stop) : fn(value);
+         };
 
-           if (typeof seen === 'undefined') seen = [];
-           else if (indexOf$2(seen, obj) >= 0) {
-               return '[Circular]';
+         if (IS_ITERATOR) {
+           iterator = iterable;
+         } else {
+           iterFn = getIteratorMethod$3(iterable);
+           if (!iterFn) throw TypeError$c(tryToString(iterable) + ' is not iterable');
+           // optimisation for array iterators
+           if (isArrayIteratorMethod$2(iterFn)) {
+             for (index = 0, length = lengthOfArrayLike$d(iterable); length > index; index++) {
+               result = callFn(iterable[index]);
+               if (result && isPrototypeOf$4(ResultPrototype, result)) return result;
+             } return new Result(false);
            }
+           iterator = getIterator$3(iterable, iterFn);
+         }
 
-           function inspect (value, from) {
-               if (from) {
-                   seen = seen.slice();
-                   seen.push(from);
-               }
-               return inspect_(value, opts, depth + 1, seen);
+         next = iterator.next;
+         while (!(step = call$f(next, iterator)).done) {
+           try {
+             result = callFn(step.value);
+           } catch (error) {
+             iteratorClose$1(iterator, 'throw', error);
            }
+           if (typeof result == 'object' && result && isPrototypeOf$4(ResultPrototype, result)) return result;
+         } return new Result(false);
+       };
 
-           if (typeof obj === 'function') {
-               var name = nameOf(obj);
-               return '[Function' + (name ? ': ' + name : '') + ']';
-           }
-           if (isSymbol$3(obj)) {
-               var symString = Symbol.prototype.toString.call(obj);
-               return typeof obj === 'object' ? markBoxed(symString) : symString;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$b = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+
+       var ITERATOR$5 = wellKnownSymbol$b('iterator');
+       var SAFE_CLOSING = false;
+
+       try {
+         var called = 0;
+         var iteratorWithReturn = {
+           next: function () {
+             return { done: !!called++ };
+           },
+           'return': function () {
+             SAFE_CLOSING = true;
            }
-           if (isElement(obj)) {
-               var s = '<' + String(obj.nodeName).toLowerCase();
-               var attrs = obj.attributes || [];
-               for (var i = 0; i < attrs.length; i++) {
-                   s += ' ' + attrs[i].name + '="' + quote(attrs[i].value) + '"';
+         };
+         iteratorWithReturn[ITERATOR$5] = function () {
+           return this;
+         };
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-array-from, no-throw-literal -- required for testing
+         Array.from(iteratorWithReturn, function () { throw 2; });
+       } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
+
+       var checkCorrectnessOfIteration$4 = function (exec, SKIP_CLOSING) {
+         if (!SKIP_CLOSING && !SAFE_CLOSING) return false;
+         var ITERATION_SUPPORT = false;
+         try {
+           var object = {};
+           object[ITERATOR$5] = function () {
+             return {
+               next: function () {
+                 return { done: ITERATION_SUPPORT = true };
                }
-               s += '>';
-               if (obj.childNodes && obj.childNodes.length) s += '...';
-               s += '</' + String(obj.nodeName).toLowerCase() + '>';
-               return s;
-           }
-           if (isArray$3(obj)) {
-               if (obj.length === 0) return '[]';
-               return '[ ' + arrObjKeys(obj, inspect).join(', ') + ' ]';
-           }
-           if (isError(obj)) {
-               var parts = arrObjKeys(obj, inspect);
-               if (parts.length === 0) return '[' + String(obj) + ']';
-               return '{ [' + String(obj) + '] ' + parts.join(', ') + ' }';
-           }
-           if (typeof obj === 'object' && typeof obj.inspect === 'function') {
-               return obj.inspect();
-           }
-           if (isMap(obj)) {
-               var parts = [];
-               mapForEach.call(obj, function (value, key) {
-                   parts.push(inspect(key, obj) + ' => ' + inspect(value, obj));
-               });
-               return collectionOf('Map', mapSize.call(obj), parts);
-           }
-           if (isSet(obj)) {
-               var parts = [];
-               setForEach.call(obj, function (value ) {
-                   parts.push(inspect(value, obj));
-               });
-               return collectionOf('Set', setSize.call(obj), parts);
-           }
-           if (isNumber(obj)) {
-               return markBoxed(Number(obj));
-           }
-           if (isBoolean(obj)) {
-               return markBoxed(booleanValueOf.call(obj));
-           }
-           if (isString$1(obj)) {
-               return markBoxed(inspect(String(obj)));
-           }
-           if (!isDate(obj) && !isRegExp(obj)) {
-               var xs = arrObjKeys(obj, inspect);
-               if (xs.length === 0) return '{}';
-               return '{ ' + xs.join(', ') + ' }';
-           }
-           return String(obj);
+             };
+           };
+           exec(object);
+         } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
+         return ITERATION_SUPPORT;
        };
 
-       function quote (s) {
-           return String(s).replace(/"/g, '&quot;');
-       }
+       var global$F = global$1o;
 
-       function isArray$3 (obj) { return toStr$8(obj) === '[object Array]' }
-       function isDate (obj) { return toStr$8(obj) === '[object Date]' }
-       function isRegExp (obj) { return toStr$8(obj) === '[object RegExp]' }
-       function isError (obj) { return toStr$8(obj) === '[object Error]' }
-       function isSymbol$3 (obj) { return toStr$8(obj) === '[object Symbol]' }
-       function isString$1 (obj) { return toStr$8(obj) === '[object String]' }
-       function isNumber (obj) { return toStr$8(obj) === '[object Number]' }
-       function isBoolean (obj) { return toStr$8(obj) === '[object Boolean]' }
+       var TypeError$b = global$F.TypeError;
 
-       var hasOwn = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty || function (key) { return key in this; };
-       function has$1 (obj, key) {
-           return hasOwn.call(obj, key);
-       }
+       var validateArgumentsLength$4 = function (passed, required) {
+         if (passed < required) throw TypeError$b('Not enough arguments');
+         return passed;
+       };
 
-       function toStr$8 (obj) {
-           return objectToString$1.call(obj);
-       }
+       var userAgent$6 = engineUserAgent;
 
-       function nameOf (f) {
-           if (f.name) return f.name;
-           var m = String(f).match(/^function\s*([\w$]+)/);
-           if (m) return m[1];
-       }
+       var engineIsIos = /(?:ipad|iphone|ipod).*applewebkit/i.test(userAgent$6);
 
-       function indexOf$2 (xs, x) {
-           if (xs.indexOf) return xs.indexOf(x);
-           for (var i = 0, l = xs.length; i < l; i++) {
-               if (xs[i] === x) return i;
-           }
-           return -1;
-       }
+       var classof$5 = classofRaw$1;
+       var global$E = global$1o;
 
-       function isMap (x) {
-           if (!mapSize) {
-               return false;
-           }
-           try {
-               mapSize.call(x);
-               try {
-                   setSize.call(x);
-               } catch (s) {
-                   return true;
-               }
-               return x instanceof Map; // core-js workaround, pre-v2.5.0
-           } catch (e) {}
-           return false;
-       }
+       var engineIsNode = classof$5(global$E.process) == 'process';
 
-       function isSet (x) {
-           if (!setSize) {
-               return false;
-           }
-           try {
-               setSize.call(x);
-               try {
-                   mapSize.call(x);
-               } catch (m) {
-                   return true;
-               }
-               return x instanceof Set; // core-js workaround, pre-v2.5.0
-           } catch (e) {}
-           return false;
-       }
+       var global$D = global$1o;
+       var apply$7 = functionApply;
+       var bind$c = functionBindContext;
+       var isCallable$8 = isCallable$r;
+       var hasOwn$8 = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var fails$B = fails$V;
+       var html = html$2;
+       var arraySlice$8 = arraySlice$b;
+       var createElement = documentCreateElement$2;
+       var validateArgumentsLength$3 = validateArgumentsLength$4;
+       var IS_IOS$1 = engineIsIos;
+       var IS_NODE$4 = engineIsNode;
 
-       function isElement (x) {
-           if (!x || typeof x !== 'object') return false;
-           if (typeof HTMLElement !== 'undefined' && x instanceof HTMLElement) {
-               return true;
-           }
-           return typeof x.nodeName === 'string'
-               && typeof x.getAttribute === 'function'
-           ;
-       }
+       var set$2 = global$D.setImmediate;
+       var clear = global$D.clearImmediate;
+       var process$3 = global$D.process;
+       var Dispatch$1 = global$D.Dispatch;
+       var Function$3 = global$D.Function;
+       var MessageChannel = global$D.MessageChannel;
+       var String$2 = global$D.String;
+       var counter = 0;
+       var queue$1 = {};
+       var ONREADYSTATECHANGE = 'onreadystatechange';
+       var location$1, defer, channel, port;
 
-       function inspectString (str) {
-           var s = str.replace(/(['\\])/g, '\\$1').replace(/[\x00-\x1f]/g, lowbyte);
-           return "'" + s + "'";
+       try {
+         // Deno throws a ReferenceError on `location` access without `--location` flag
+         location$1 = global$D.location;
+       } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
+
+       var run = function (id) {
+         if (hasOwn$8(queue$1, id)) {
+           var fn = queue$1[id];
+           delete queue$1[id];
+           fn();
+         }
+       };
+
+       var runner = function (id) {
+         return function () {
+           run(id);
+         };
+       };
+
+       var listener = function (event) {
+         run(event.data);
+       };
+
+       var post = function (id) {
+         // old engines have not location.origin
+         global$D.postMessage(String$2(id), location$1.protocol + '//' + location$1.host);
+       };
+
+       // Node.js 0.9+ & IE10+ has setImmediate, otherwise:
+       if (!set$2 || !clear) {
+         set$2 = function setImmediate(handler) {
+           validateArgumentsLength$3(arguments.length, 1);
+           var fn = isCallable$8(handler) ? handler : Function$3(handler);
+           var args = arraySlice$8(arguments, 1);
+           queue$1[++counter] = function () {
+             apply$7(fn, undefined, args);
+           };
+           defer(counter);
+           return counter;
+         };
+         clear = function clearImmediate(id) {
+           delete queue$1[id];
+         };
+         // Node.js 0.8-
+         if (IS_NODE$4) {
+           defer = function (id) {
+             process$3.nextTick(runner(id));
+           };
+         // Sphere (JS game engine) Dispatch API
+         } else if (Dispatch$1 && Dispatch$1.now) {
+           defer = function (id) {
+             Dispatch$1.now(runner(id));
+           };
+         // Browsers with MessageChannel, includes WebWorkers
+         // except iOS - https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/624
+         } else if (MessageChannel && !IS_IOS$1) {
+           channel = new MessageChannel();
+           port = channel.port2;
+           channel.port1.onmessage = listener;
+           defer = bind$c(port.postMessage, port);
+         // Browsers with postMessage, skip WebWorkers
+         // IE8 has postMessage, but it's sync & typeof its postMessage is 'object'
+         } else if (
+           global$D.addEventListener &&
+           isCallable$8(global$D.postMessage) &&
+           !global$D.importScripts &&
+           location$1 && location$1.protocol !== 'file:' &&
+           !fails$B(post)
+         ) {
+           defer = post;
+           global$D.addEventListener('message', listener, false);
+         // IE8-
+         } else if (ONREADYSTATECHANGE in createElement('script')) {
+           defer = function (id) {
+             html.appendChild(createElement('script'))[ONREADYSTATECHANGE] = function () {
+               html.removeChild(this);
+               run(id);
+             };
+           };
+         // Rest old browsers
+         } else {
+           defer = function (id) {
+             setTimeout(runner(id), 0);
+           };
+         }
        }
 
-       function lowbyte (c) {
-           var n = c.charCodeAt(0);
-           var x = { 8: 'b', 9: 't', 10: 'n', 12: 'f', 13: 'r' }[n];
-           if (x) return '\\' + x;
-           return '\\x' + (n < 0x10 ? '0' : '') + n.toString(16);
-       }
+       var task$1 = {
+         set: set$2,
+         clear: clear
+       };
 
-       function markBoxed (str) {
-           return 'Object(' + str + ')';
-       }
+       var userAgent$5 = engineUserAgent;
+       var global$C = global$1o;
 
-       function collectionOf (type, size, entries) {
-           return type + ' (' + size + ') {' + entries.join(', ') + '}';
-       }
+       var engineIsIosPebble = /ipad|iphone|ipod/i.test(userAgent$5) && global$C.Pebble !== undefined;
 
-       function arrObjKeys (obj, inspect) {
-           var isArr = isArray$3(obj);
-           var xs = [];
-           if (isArr) {
-               xs.length = obj.length;
-               for (var i = 0; i < obj.length; i++) {
-                   xs[i] = has$1(obj, i) ? inspect(obj[i], obj) : '';
-               }
-           }
-           for (var key in obj) {
-               if (!has$1(obj, key)) continue;
-               if (isArr && String(Number(key)) === key && key < obj.length) continue;
-               if (/[^\w$]/.test(key)) {
-                   xs.push(inspect(key, obj) + ': ' + inspect(obj[key], obj));
-               } else {
-                   xs.push(key + ': ' + inspect(obj[key], obj));
-               }
-           }
-           return xs;
-       }
+       var userAgent$4 = engineUserAgent;
 
-       var $TypeError$8 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');
+       var engineIsWebosWebkit = /web0s(?!.*chrome)/i.test(userAgent$4);
 
+       var global$B = global$1o;
+       var bind$b = functionBindContext;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor$3 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
+       var macrotask = task$1.set;
+       var IS_IOS = engineIsIos;
+       var IS_IOS_PEBBLE = engineIsIosPebble;
+       var IS_WEBOS_WEBKIT = engineIsWebosWebkit;
+       var IS_NODE$3 = engineIsNode;
 
+       var MutationObserver = global$B.MutationObserver || global$B.WebKitMutationObserver;
+       var document$2 = global$B.document;
+       var process$2 = global$B.process;
+       var Promise$1 = global$B.Promise;
+       // Node.js 11 shows ExperimentalWarning on getting `queueMicrotask`
+       var queueMicrotaskDescriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptor$3(global$B, 'queueMicrotask');
+       var queueMicrotask = queueMicrotaskDescriptor && queueMicrotaskDescriptor.value;
 
+       var flush, head, last, notify$1, toggle, node, promise, then;
 
+       // modern engines have queueMicrotask method
+       if (!queueMicrotask) {
+         flush = function () {
+           var parent, fn;
+           if (IS_NODE$3 && (parent = process$2.domain)) parent.exit();
+           while (head) {
+             fn = head.fn;
+             head = head.next;
+             try {
+               fn();
+             } catch (error) {
+               if (head) notify$1();
+               else last = undefined;
+               throw error;
+             }
+           } last = undefined;
+           if (parent) parent.enter();
+         };
+
+         // browsers with MutationObserver, except iOS - https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/339
+         // also except WebOS Webkit https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/898
+         if (!IS_IOS && !IS_NODE$3 && !IS_WEBOS_WEBKIT && MutationObserver && document$2) {
+           toggle = true;
+           node = document$2.createTextNode('');
+           new MutationObserver(flush).observe(node, { characterData: true });
+           notify$1 = function () {
+             node.data = toggle = !toggle;
+           };
+         // environments with maybe non-completely correct, but existent Promise
+         } else if (!IS_IOS_PEBBLE && Promise$1 && Promise$1.resolve) {
+           // Promise.resolve without an argument throws an error in LG WebOS 2
+           promise = Promise$1.resolve(undefined);
+           // workaround of WebKit ~ iOS Safari 10.1 bug
+           promise.constructor = Promise$1;
+           then = bind$b(promise.then, promise);
+           notify$1 = function () {
+             then(flush);
+           };
+         // Node.js without promises
+         } else if (IS_NODE$3) {
+           notify$1 = function () {
+             process$2.nextTick(flush);
+           };
+         // for other environments - macrotask based on:
+         // - setImmediate
+         // - MessageChannel
+         // - window.postMessag
+         // - onreadystatechange
+         // - setTimeout
+         } else {
+           // strange IE + webpack dev server bug - use .bind(global)
+           macrotask = bind$b(macrotask, global$B);
+           notify$1 = function () {
+             macrotask(flush);
+           };
+         }
+       }
 
+       var microtask$1 = queueMicrotask || function (fn) {
+         var task = { fn: fn, next: undefined };
+         if (last) last.next = task;
+         if (!head) {
+           head = task;
+           notify$1();
+         } last = task;
+       };
 
-       /**
-        * 7.3.1 Get (O, P) - https://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-get-o-p
-        * 1. Assert: Type(O) is Object.
-        * 2. Assert: IsPropertyKey(P) is true.
-        * 3. Return O.[[Get]](P, O).
-        */
+       var newPromiseCapability$2 = {};
+
+       var aCallable$6 = aCallable$a;
 
-       var Get = function Get(O, P) {
-               // 7.3.1.1
-               if (Type$1(O) !== 'Object') {
-                       throw new $TypeError$8('Assertion failed: Type(O) is not Object');
-               }
-               // 7.3.1.2
-               if (!IsPropertyKey(P)) {
-                       throw new $TypeError$8('Assertion failed: IsPropertyKey(P) is not true, got ' + objectInspect(P));
-               }
-               // 7.3.1.3
-               return O[P];
+       var PromiseCapability = function (C) {
+         var resolve, reject;
+         this.promise = new C(function ($$resolve, $$reject) {
+           if (resolve !== undefined || reject !== undefined) throw TypeError('Bad Promise constructor');
+           resolve = $$resolve;
+           reject = $$reject;
+         });
+         this.resolve = aCallable$6(resolve);
+         this.reject = aCallable$6(reject);
        };
 
-       var $TypeError$9 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');
-
-       var isPropertyDescriptor = function IsPropertyDescriptor(ES, Desc) {
-               if (ES.Type(Desc) !== 'Object') {
-                       return false;
-               }
-               var allowed = {
-                       '[[Configurable]]': true,
-                       '[[Enumerable]]': true,
-                       '[[Get]]': true,
-                       '[[Set]]': true,
-                       '[[Value]]': true,
-                       '[[Writable]]': true
-               };
-
-               for (var key in Desc) { // eslint-disable-line no-restricted-syntax
-                       if (src(Desc, key) && !allowed[key]) {
-                               return false;
-                       }
-               }
-
-               if (ES.IsDataDescriptor(Desc) && ES.IsAccessorDescriptor(Desc)) {
-                       throw new $TypeError$9('Property Descriptors may not be both accessor and data descriptors');
-               }
-               return true;
+       // `NewPromiseCapability` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-newpromisecapability
+       newPromiseCapability$2.f = function (C) {
+         return new PromiseCapability(C);
        };
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-isaccessordescriptor
+       var anObject$a = anObject$n;
+       var isObject$j = isObject$s;
+       var newPromiseCapability$1 = newPromiseCapability$2;
+
+       var promiseResolve$2 = function (C, x) {
+         anObject$a(C);
+         if (isObject$j(x) && x.constructor === C) return x;
+         var promiseCapability = newPromiseCapability$1.f(C);
+         var resolve = promiseCapability.resolve;
+         resolve(x);
+         return promiseCapability.promise;
+       };
 
-       var IsAccessorDescriptor = function IsAccessorDescriptor(Desc) {
-               if (typeof Desc === 'undefined') {
-                       return false;
-               }
+       var global$A = global$1o;
 
-               assertRecord(Type$1, 'Property Descriptor', 'Desc', Desc);
+       var hostReportErrors$1 = function (a, b) {
+         var console = global$A.console;
+         if (console && console.error) {
+           arguments.length == 1 ? console.error(a) : console.error(a, b);
+         }
+       };
 
-               if (!src(Desc, '[[Get]]') && !src(Desc, '[[Set]]')) {
-                       return false;
-               }
+       var perform$1 = function (exec) {
+         try {
+           return { error: false, value: exec() };
+         } catch (error) {
+           return { error: true, value: error };
+         }
+       };
 
-               return true;
+       var Queue$1 = function () {
+         this.head = null;
+         this.tail = null;
        };
 
-       var $TypeError$a = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');
+       Queue$1.prototype = {
+         add: function (item) {
+           var entry = { item: item, next: null };
+           if (this.head) this.tail.next = entry;
+           else this.head = entry;
+           this.tail = entry;
+         },
+         get: function () {
+           var entry = this.head;
+           if (entry) {
+             this.head = entry.next;
+             if (this.tail === entry) this.tail = null;
+             return entry.item;
+           }
+         }
+       };
+
+       var queue = Queue$1;
+
+       var engineIsBrowser = typeof window == 'object';
+
+       var $$$ = _export;
+       var global$z = global$1o;
+       var getBuiltIn$3 = getBuiltIn$b;
+       var call$e = functionCall;
+       var NativePromise$1 = nativePromiseConstructor;
+       var redefine$8 = redefine$h.exports;
+       var redefineAll$2 = redefineAll$4;
+       var setPrototypeOf$3 = objectSetPrototypeOf;
+       var setToStringTag$5 = setToStringTag$a;
+       var setSpecies$3 = setSpecies$5;
+       var aCallable$5 = aCallable$a;
+       var isCallable$7 = isCallable$r;
+       var isObject$i = isObject$s;
+       var anInstance$5 = anInstance$7;
+       var inspectSource = inspectSource$4;
+       var iterate$2 = iterate$3;
+       var checkCorrectnessOfIteration$3 = checkCorrectnessOfIteration$4;
+       var speciesConstructor$3 = speciesConstructor$5;
+       var task = task$1.set;
+       var microtask = microtask$1;
+       var promiseResolve$1 = promiseResolve$2;
+       var hostReportErrors = hostReportErrors$1;
+       var newPromiseCapabilityModule = newPromiseCapability$2;
+       var perform = perform$1;
+       var Queue = queue;
+       var InternalStateModule$4 = internalState;
+       var isForced$3 = isForced_1;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$a = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+       var IS_BROWSER = engineIsBrowser;
+       var IS_NODE$2 = engineIsNode;
+       var V8_VERSION$1 = engineV8Version;
+
+       var SPECIES$2 = wellKnownSymbol$a('species');
+       var PROMISE = 'Promise';
+
+       var getInternalState$1 = InternalStateModule$4.getterFor(PROMISE);
+       var setInternalState$4 = InternalStateModule$4.set;
+       var getInternalPromiseState = InternalStateModule$4.getterFor(PROMISE);
+       var NativePromisePrototype = NativePromise$1 && NativePromise$1.prototype;
+       var PromiseConstructor = NativePromise$1;
+       var PromisePrototype = NativePromisePrototype;
+       var TypeError$a = global$z.TypeError;
+       var document$1 = global$z.document;
+       var process$1 = global$z.process;
+       var newPromiseCapability = newPromiseCapabilityModule.f;
+       var newGenericPromiseCapability = newPromiseCapability;
+
+       var DISPATCH_EVENT = !!(document$1 && document$1.createEvent && global$z.dispatchEvent);
+       var NATIVE_REJECTION_EVENT = isCallable$7(global$z.PromiseRejectionEvent);
+       var UNHANDLED_REJECTION = 'unhandledrejection';
+       var REJECTION_HANDLED = 'rejectionhandled';
+       var PENDING = 0;
+       var FULFILLED = 1;
+       var REJECTED = 2;
+       var HANDLED = 1;
+       var UNHANDLED = 2;
+       var SUBCLASSING = false;
+
+       var Internal, OwnPromiseCapability, PromiseWrapper, nativeThen;
+
+       var FORCED$g = isForced$3(PROMISE, function () {
+         var PROMISE_CONSTRUCTOR_SOURCE = inspectSource(PromiseConstructor);
+         var GLOBAL_CORE_JS_PROMISE = PROMISE_CONSTRUCTOR_SOURCE !== String(PromiseConstructor);
+         // V8 6.6 (Node 10 and Chrome 66) have a bug with resolving custom thenables
+         // https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=830565
+         // We can't detect it synchronously, so just check versions
+         if (!GLOBAL_CORE_JS_PROMISE && V8_VERSION$1 === 66) return true;
+         // We can't use @@species feature detection in V8 since it causes
+         // deoptimization and performance degradation
+         // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/679
+         if (V8_VERSION$1 >= 51 && /native code/.test(PROMISE_CONSTRUCTOR_SOURCE)) return false;
+         // Detect correctness of subclassing with @@species support
+         var promise = new PromiseConstructor(function (resolve) { resolve(1); });
+         var FakePromise = function (exec) {
+           exec(function () { /* empty */ }, function () { /* empty */ });
+         };
+         var constructor = promise.constructor = {};
+         constructor[SPECIES$2] = FakePromise;
+         SUBCLASSING = promise.then(function () { /* empty */ }) instanceof FakePromise;
+         if (!SUBCLASSING) return true;
+         // Unhandled rejections tracking support, NodeJS Promise without it fails @@species test
+         return !GLOBAL_CORE_JS_PROMISE && IS_BROWSER && !NATIVE_REJECTION_EVENT;
+       });
+
+       var INCORRECT_ITERATION$1 = FORCED$g || !checkCorrectnessOfIteration$3(function (iterable) {
+         PromiseConstructor.all(iterable)['catch'](function () { /* empty */ });
+       });
 
+       // helpers
+       var isThenable = function (it) {
+         var then;
+         return isObject$i(it) && isCallable$7(then = it.then) ? then : false;
+       };
 
+       var callReaction = function (reaction, state) {
+         var value = state.value;
+         var ok = state.state == FULFILLED;
+         var handler = ok ? reaction.ok : reaction.fail;
+         var resolve = reaction.resolve;
+         var reject = reaction.reject;
+         var domain = reaction.domain;
+         var result, then, exited;
+         try {
+           if (handler) {
+             if (!ok) {
+               if (state.rejection === UNHANDLED) onHandleUnhandled(state);
+               state.rejection = HANDLED;
+             }
+             if (handler === true) result = value;
+             else {
+               if (domain) domain.enter();
+               result = handler(value); // can throw
+               if (domain) {
+                 domain.exit();
+                 exited = true;
+               }
+             }
+             if (result === reaction.promise) {
+               reject(TypeError$a('Promise-chain cycle'));
+             } else if (then = isThenable(result)) {
+               call$e(then, result, resolve, reject);
+             } else resolve(result);
+           } else reject(value);
+         } catch (error) {
+           if (domain && !exited) domain.exit();
+           reject(error);
+         }
+       };
+
+       var notify = function (state, isReject) {
+         if (state.notified) return;
+         state.notified = true;
+         microtask(function () {
+           var reactions = state.reactions;
+           var reaction;
+           while (reaction = reactions.get()) {
+             callReaction(reaction, state);
+           }
+           state.notified = false;
+           if (isReject && !state.rejection) onUnhandled(state);
+         });
+       };
 
+       var dispatchEvent$1 = function (name, promise, reason) {
+         var event, handler;
+         if (DISPATCH_EVENT) {
+           event = document$1.createEvent('Event');
+           event.promise = promise;
+           event.reason = reason;
+           event.initEvent(name, false, true);
+           global$z.dispatchEvent(event);
+         } else event = { promise: promise, reason: reason };
+         if (!NATIVE_REJECTION_EVENT && (handler = global$z['on' + name])) handler(event);
+         else if (name === UNHANDLED_REJECTION) hostReportErrors('Unhandled promise rejection', reason);
+       };
+
+       var onUnhandled = function (state) {
+         call$e(task, global$z, function () {
+           var promise = state.facade;
+           var value = state.value;
+           var IS_UNHANDLED = isUnhandled(state);
+           var result;
+           if (IS_UNHANDLED) {
+             result = perform(function () {
+               if (IS_NODE$2) {
+                 process$1.emit('unhandledRejection', value, promise);
+               } else dispatchEvent$1(UNHANDLED_REJECTION, promise, value);
+             });
+             // Browsers should not trigger `rejectionHandled` event if it was handled here, NodeJS - should
+             state.rejection = IS_NODE$2 || isUnhandled(state) ? UNHANDLED : HANDLED;
+             if (result.error) throw result.value;
+           }
+         });
+       };
 
+       var isUnhandled = function (state) {
+         return state.rejection !== HANDLED && !state.parent;
+       };
 
+       var onHandleUnhandled = function (state) {
+         call$e(task, global$z, function () {
+           var promise = state.facade;
+           if (IS_NODE$2) {
+             process$1.emit('rejectionHandled', promise);
+           } else dispatchEvent$1(REJECTION_HANDLED, promise, state.value);
+         });
+       };
 
+       var bind$a = function (fn, state, unwrap) {
+         return function (value) {
+           fn(state, value, unwrap);
+         };
+       };
 
+       var internalReject = function (state, value, unwrap) {
+         if (state.done) return;
+         state.done = true;
+         if (unwrap) state = unwrap;
+         state.value = value;
+         state.state = REJECTED;
+         notify(state, true);
+       };
 
+       var internalResolve = function (state, value, unwrap) {
+         if (state.done) return;
+         state.done = true;
+         if (unwrap) state = unwrap;
+         try {
+           if (state.facade === value) throw TypeError$a("Promise can't be resolved itself");
+           var then = isThenable(value);
+           if (then) {
+             microtask(function () {
+               var wrapper = { done: false };
+               try {
+                 call$e(then, value,
+                   bind$a(internalResolve, wrapper, state),
+                   bind$a(internalReject, wrapper, state)
+                 );
+               } catch (error) {
+                 internalReject(wrapper, error, state);
+               }
+             });
+           } else {
+             state.value = value;
+             state.state = FULFILLED;
+             notify(state, false);
+           }
+         } catch (error) {
+           internalReject({ done: false }, error, state);
+         }
+       };
 
+       // constructor polyfill
+       if (FORCED$g) {
+         // 25.4.3.1 Promise(executor)
+         PromiseConstructor = function Promise(executor) {
+           anInstance$5(this, PromisePrototype);
+           aCallable$5(executor);
+           call$e(Internal, this);
+           var state = getInternalState$1(this);
+           try {
+             executor(bind$a(internalResolve, state), bind$a(internalReject, state));
+           } catch (error) {
+             internalReject(state, error);
+           }
+         };
+         PromisePrototype = PromiseConstructor.prototype;
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+         Internal = function Promise(executor) {
+           setInternalState$4(this, {
+             type: PROMISE,
+             done: false,
+             notified: false,
+             parent: false,
+             reactions: new Queue(),
+             rejection: false,
+             state: PENDING,
+             value: undefined
+           });
+         };
+         Internal.prototype = redefineAll$2(PromisePrototype, {
+           // `Promise.prototype.then` method
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-promise.prototype.then
+           // eslint-disable-next-line unicorn/no-thenable -- safe
+           then: function then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
+             var state = getInternalPromiseState(this);
+             var reaction = newPromiseCapability(speciesConstructor$3(this, PromiseConstructor));
+             state.parent = true;
+             reaction.ok = isCallable$7(onFulfilled) ? onFulfilled : true;
+             reaction.fail = isCallable$7(onRejected) && onRejected;
+             reaction.domain = IS_NODE$2 ? process$1.domain : undefined;
+             if (state.state == PENDING) state.reactions.add(reaction);
+             else microtask(function () {
+               callReaction(reaction, state);
+             });
+             return reaction.promise;
+           },
+           // `Promise.prototype.catch` method
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-promise.prototype.catch
+           'catch': function (onRejected) {
+             return this.then(undefined, onRejected);
+           }
+         });
+         OwnPromiseCapability = function () {
+           var promise = new Internal();
+           var state = getInternalState$1(promise);
+           this.promise = promise;
+           this.resolve = bind$a(internalResolve, state);
+           this.reject = bind$a(internalReject, state);
+         };
+         newPromiseCapabilityModule.f = newPromiseCapability = function (C) {
+           return C === PromiseConstructor || C === PromiseWrapper
+             ? new OwnPromiseCapability(C)
+             : newGenericPromiseCapability(C);
+         };
 
+         if (isCallable$7(NativePromise$1) && NativePromisePrototype !== Object.prototype) {
+           nativeThen = NativePromisePrototype.then;
 
+           if (!SUBCLASSING) {
+             // make `Promise#then` return a polyfilled `Promise` for native promise-based APIs
+             redefine$8(NativePromisePrototype, 'then', function then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
+               var that = this;
+               return new PromiseConstructor(function (resolve, reject) {
+                 call$e(nativeThen, that, resolve, reject);
+               }).then(onFulfilled, onRejected);
+             // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/640
+             }, { unsafe: true });
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-definepropertyorthrow
+             // makes sure that native promise-based APIs `Promise#catch` properly works with patched `Promise#then`
+             redefine$8(NativePromisePrototype, 'catch', PromisePrototype['catch'], { unsafe: true });
+           }
 
-       var DefinePropertyOrThrow = function DefinePropertyOrThrow(O, P, desc) {
-               if (Type$1(O) !== 'Object') {
-                       throw new $TypeError$a('Assertion failed: Type(O) is not Object');
-               }
+           // make `.constructor === Promise` work for native promise-based APIs
+           try {
+             delete NativePromisePrototype.constructor;
+           } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
 
-               if (!IsPropertyKey(P)) {
-                       throw new $TypeError$a('Assertion failed: IsPropertyKey(P) is not true');
-               }
+           // make `instanceof Promise` work for native promise-based APIs
+           if (setPrototypeOf$3) {
+             setPrototypeOf$3(NativePromisePrototype, PromisePrototype);
+           }
+         }
+       }
 
-               var Desc = isPropertyDescriptor({
-                       Type: Type$1,
-                       IsDataDescriptor: IsDataDescriptor,
-                       IsAccessorDescriptor: IsAccessorDescriptor
-               }, desc) ? desc : ToPropertyDescriptor(desc);
-               if (!isPropertyDescriptor({
-                       Type: Type$1,
-                       IsDataDescriptor: IsDataDescriptor,
-                       IsAccessorDescriptor: IsAccessorDescriptor
-               }, Desc)) {
-                       throw new $TypeError$a('Assertion failed: Desc is not a valid Property Descriptor');
-               }
+       $$$({ global: true, wrap: true, forced: FORCED$g }, {
+         Promise: PromiseConstructor
+       });
 
-               return DefineOwnProperty(
-                       IsDataDescriptor,
-                       SameValue,
-                       FromPropertyDescriptor,
-                       O,
-                       P,
-                       Desc
-               );
-       };
+       setToStringTag$5(PromiseConstructor, PROMISE, false);
+       setSpecies$3(PROMISE);
 
-       var IsConstructor = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
+       PromiseWrapper = getBuiltIn$3(PROMISE);
 
+       // statics
+       $$$({ target: PROMISE, stat: true, forced: FORCED$g }, {
+         // `Promise.reject` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-promise.reject
+         reject: function reject(r) {
+           var capability = newPromiseCapability(this);
+           call$e(capability.reject, undefined, r);
+           return capability.promise;
+         }
+       });
 
+       $$$({ target: PROMISE, stat: true, forced: FORCED$g }, {
+         // `Promise.resolve` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-promise.resolve
+         resolve: function resolve(x) {
+           return promiseResolve$1(this, x);
+         }
+       });
 
-       var $construct = GetIntrinsic('%Reflect.construct%', true);
+       $$$({ target: PROMISE, stat: true, forced: INCORRECT_ITERATION$1 }, {
+         // `Promise.all` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-promise.all
+         all: function all(iterable) {
+           var C = this;
+           var capability = newPromiseCapability(C);
+           var resolve = capability.resolve;
+           var reject = capability.reject;
+           var result = perform(function () {
+             var $promiseResolve = aCallable$5(C.resolve);
+             var values = [];
+             var counter = 0;
+             var remaining = 1;
+             iterate$2(iterable, function (promise) {
+               var index = counter++;
+               var alreadyCalled = false;
+               remaining++;
+               call$e($promiseResolve, C, promise).then(function (value) {
+                 if (alreadyCalled) return;
+                 alreadyCalled = true;
+                 values[index] = value;
+                 --remaining || resolve(values);
+               }, reject);
+             });
+             --remaining || resolve(values);
+           });
+           if (result.error) reject(result.value);
+           return capability.promise;
+         },
+         // `Promise.race` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-promise.race
+         race: function race(iterable) {
+           var C = this;
+           var capability = newPromiseCapability(C);
+           var reject = capability.reject;
+           var result = perform(function () {
+             var $promiseResolve = aCallable$5(C.resolve);
+             iterate$2(iterable, function (promise) {
+               call$e($promiseResolve, C, promise).then(capability.resolve, reject);
+             });
+           });
+           if (result.error) reject(result.value);
+           return capability.promise;
+         }
+       });
 
-       var DefinePropertyOrThrow$1 = DefinePropertyOrThrow;
-       try {
-               DefinePropertyOrThrow$1({}, '', { '[[Get]]': function () {} });
-       } catch (e) {
-               // Accessor properties aren't supported
-               DefinePropertyOrThrow$1 = null;
-       }
-
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-isconstructor
-
-       if (DefinePropertyOrThrow$1 && $construct) {
-               var isConstructorMarker = {};
-               var badArrayLike = {};
-               DefinePropertyOrThrow$1(badArrayLike, 'length', {
-                       '[[Get]]': function () {
-                               throw isConstructorMarker;
-                       },
-                       '[[Enumerable]]': true
-               });
-
-               module.exports = function IsConstructor(argument) {
-                       try {
-                               // `Reflect.construct` invokes `IsConstructor(target)` before `Get(args, 'length')`:
-                               $construct(argument, badArrayLike);
-                       } catch (err) {
-                               return err === isConstructorMarker;
-                       }
-               };
-       } else {
-               module.exports = function IsConstructor(argument) {
-                       // unfortunately there's no way to truly check this without try/catch `new argument` in old environments
-                       return typeof argument === 'function' && !!argument.prototype;
-               };
-       }
+       var typedArrayConstructor = {exports: {}};
+
+       /* eslint-disable no-new -- required for testing */
+
+       var global$y = global$1o;
+       var fails$A = fails$V;
+       var checkCorrectnessOfIteration$2 = checkCorrectnessOfIteration$4;
+       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$1 = arrayBufferViewCore.NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS;
+
+       var ArrayBuffer$2 = global$y.ArrayBuffer;
+       var Int8Array$3 = global$y.Int8Array;
+
+       var typedArrayConstructorsRequireWrappers = !NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS$1 || !fails$A(function () {
+         Int8Array$3(1);
+       }) || !fails$A(function () {
+         new Int8Array$3(-1);
+       }) || !checkCorrectnessOfIteration$2(function (iterable) {
+         new Int8Array$3();
+         new Int8Array$3(null);
+         new Int8Array$3(1.5);
+         new Int8Array$3(iterable);
+       }, true) || fails$A(function () {
+         // Safari (11+) bug - a reason why even Safari 13 should load a typed array polyfill
+         return new Int8Array$3(new ArrayBuffer$2(2), 1, undefined).length !== 1;
        });
 
-       var $String = GetIntrinsic('%String%');
-       var $TypeError$b = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');
+       var isObject$h = isObject$s;
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-tostring
+       var floor$6 = Math.floor;
 
-       var ToString = function ToString(argument) {
-               if (typeof argument === 'symbol') {
-                       throw new $TypeError$b('Cannot convert a Symbol value to a string');
-               }
-               return $String(argument);
+       // `IsIntegralNumber` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-isintegralnumber
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-number-isinteger -- safe
+       var isIntegralNumber$1 = Number.isInteger || function isInteger(it) {
+         return !isObject$h(it) && isFinite(it) && floor$6(it) === it;
        };
 
-       var hasToStringTag$3 = typeof Symbol === 'function' && typeof Symbol.toStringTag === 'symbol';
-       var toStr$9 = Object.prototype.toString;
+       var global$x = global$1o;
+       var toIntegerOrInfinity$5 = toIntegerOrInfinity$b;
 
-       var isStandardArguments = function isArguments(value) {
-               if (hasToStringTag$3 && value && typeof value === 'object' && Symbol.toStringTag in value) {
-                       return false;
-               }
-               return toStr$9.call(value) === '[object Arguments]';
-       };
+       var RangeError$9 = global$x.RangeError;
 
-       var isLegacyArguments = function isArguments(value) {
-               if (isStandardArguments(value)) {
-                       return true;
-               }
-               return value !== null &&
-                       typeof value === 'object' &&
-                       typeof value.length === 'number' &&
-                       value.length >= 0 &&
-                       toStr$9.call(value) !== '[object Array]' &&
-                       toStr$9.call(value.callee) === '[object Function]';
+       var toPositiveInteger$1 = function (it) {
+         var result = toIntegerOrInfinity$5(it);
+         if (result < 0) throw RangeError$9("The argument can't be less than 0");
+         return result;
        };
 
-       var supportsStandardArguments = (function () {
-               return isStandardArguments(arguments);
-       }());
+       var global$w = global$1o;
+       var toPositiveInteger = toPositiveInteger$1;
 
-       isStandardArguments.isLegacyArguments = isLegacyArguments; // for tests
+       var RangeError$8 = global$w.RangeError;
 
-       var isArguments$2 = supportsStandardArguments ? isStandardArguments : isLegacyArguments;
+       var toOffset$2 = function (it, BYTES) {
+         var offset = toPositiveInteger(it);
+         if (offset % BYTES) throw RangeError$8('Wrong offset');
+         return offset;
+       };
+
+       var bind$9 = functionBindContext;
+       var call$d = functionCall;
+       var aConstructor$1 = aConstructor$3;
+       var toObject$c = toObject$i;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$c = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
+       var getIterator$2 = getIterator$4;
+       var getIteratorMethod$2 = getIteratorMethod$5;
+       var isArrayIteratorMethod$1 = isArrayIteratorMethod$3;
+       var aTypedArrayConstructor$2 = arrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArrayConstructor;
 
-       var toString = {}.toString;
+       var typedArrayFrom$2 = function from(source /* , mapfn, thisArg */) {
+         var C = aConstructor$1(this);
+         var O = toObject$c(source);
+         var argumentsLength = arguments.length;
+         var mapfn = argumentsLength > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined;
+         var mapping = mapfn !== undefined;
+         var iteratorMethod = getIteratorMethod$2(O);
+         var i, length, result, step, iterator, next;
+         if (iteratorMethod && !isArrayIteratorMethod$1(iteratorMethod)) {
+           iterator = getIterator$2(O, iteratorMethod);
+           next = iterator.next;
+           O = [];
+           while (!(step = call$d(next, iterator)).done) {
+             O.push(step.value);
+           }
+         }
+         if (mapping && argumentsLength > 2) {
+           mapfn = bind$9(mapfn, arguments[2]);
+         }
+         length = lengthOfArrayLike$c(O);
+         result = new (aTypedArrayConstructor$2(C))(length);
+         for (i = 0; length > i; i++) {
+           result[i] = mapping ? mapfn(O[i], i) : O[i];
+         }
+         return result;
+       };
 
-       var isarray = Array.isArray || function (arr) {
-         return toString.call(arr) == '[object Array]';
+       var isCallable$6 = isCallable$r;
+       var isObject$g = isObject$s;
+       var setPrototypeOf$2 = objectSetPrototypeOf;
+
+       // makes subclassing work correct for wrapped built-ins
+       var inheritIfRequired$4 = function ($this, dummy, Wrapper) {
+         var NewTarget, NewTargetPrototype;
+         if (
+           // it can work only with native `setPrototypeOf`
+           setPrototypeOf$2 &&
+           // we haven't completely correct pre-ES6 way for getting `new.target`, so use this
+           isCallable$6(NewTarget = dummy.constructor) &&
+           NewTarget !== Wrapper &&
+           isObject$g(NewTargetPrototype = NewTarget.prototype) &&
+           NewTargetPrototype !== Wrapper.prototype
+         ) setPrototypeOf$2($this, NewTargetPrototype);
+         return $this;
+       };
+
+       var $$_ = _export;
+       var global$v = global$1o;
+       var call$c = functionCall;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$c = descriptors;
+       var TYPED_ARRAYS_CONSTRUCTORS_REQUIRES_WRAPPERS$1 = typedArrayConstructorsRequireWrappers;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$n = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var ArrayBufferModule = arrayBuffer;
+       var anInstance$4 = anInstance$7;
+       var createPropertyDescriptor$1 = createPropertyDescriptor$7;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$2 = createNonEnumerableProperty$b;
+       var isIntegralNumber = isIntegralNumber$1;
+       var toLength$7 = toLength$c;
+       var toIndex = toIndex$2;
+       var toOffset$1 = toOffset$2;
+       var toPropertyKey = toPropertyKey$5;
+       var hasOwn$7 = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var classof$4 = classof$d;
+       var isObject$f = isObject$s;
+       var isSymbol$2 = isSymbol$6;
+       var create$7 = objectCreate;
+       var isPrototypeOf$3 = objectIsPrototypeOf;
+       var setPrototypeOf$1 = objectSetPrototypeOf;
+       var getOwnPropertyNames$2 = objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f;
+       var typedArrayFrom$1 = typedArrayFrom$2;
+       var forEach$1 = arrayIteration.forEach;
+       var setSpecies$2 = setSpecies$5;
+       var definePropertyModule = objectDefineProperty;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule$1 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+       var InternalStateModule$3 = internalState;
+       var inheritIfRequired$3 = inheritIfRequired$4;
+
+       var getInternalState = InternalStateModule$3.get;
+       var setInternalState$3 = InternalStateModule$3.set;
+       var nativeDefineProperty = definePropertyModule.f;
+       var nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor$1 = getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule$1.f;
+       var round = Math.round;
+       var RangeError$7 = global$v.RangeError;
+       var ArrayBuffer$1 = ArrayBufferModule.ArrayBuffer;
+       var ArrayBufferPrototype = ArrayBuffer$1.prototype;
+       var DataView$1 = ArrayBufferModule.DataView;
+       var NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS = ArrayBufferViewCore$n.NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS;
+       var TYPED_ARRAY_CONSTRUCTOR$1 = ArrayBufferViewCore$n.TYPED_ARRAY_CONSTRUCTOR;
+       var TYPED_ARRAY_TAG = ArrayBufferViewCore$n.TYPED_ARRAY_TAG;
+       var TypedArray = ArrayBufferViewCore$n.TypedArray;
+       var TypedArrayPrototype$1 = ArrayBufferViewCore$n.TypedArrayPrototype;
+       var aTypedArrayConstructor$1 = ArrayBufferViewCore$n.aTypedArrayConstructor;
+       var isTypedArray = ArrayBufferViewCore$n.isTypedArray;
+       var BYTES_PER_ELEMENT = 'BYTES_PER_ELEMENT';
+       var WRONG_LENGTH = 'Wrong length';
+
+       var fromList = function (C, list) {
+         aTypedArrayConstructor$1(C);
+         var index = 0;
+         var length = list.length;
+         var result = new C(length);
+         while (length > index) result[index] = list[index++];
+         return result;
        };
 
-       var strValue = String.prototype.valueOf;
-       var tryStringObject = function tryStringObject(value) {
-               try {
-                       strValue.call(value);
-                       return true;
-               } catch (e) {
-                       return false;
-               }
+       var addGetter = function (it, key) {
+         nativeDefineProperty(it, key, { get: function () {
+           return getInternalState(this)[key];
+         } });
        };
-       var toStr$a = Object.prototype.toString;
-       var strClass = '[object String]';
-       var hasToStringTag$4 = typeof Symbol === 'function' && typeof Symbol.toStringTag === 'symbol';
-
-       var isString$2 = function isString(value) {
-               if (typeof value === 'string') {
-                       return true;
-               }
-               if (typeof value !== 'object') {
-                       return false;
-               }
-               return hasToStringTag$4 ? tryStringObject(value) : toStr$a.call(value) === strClass;
+
+       var isArrayBuffer = function (it) {
+         var klass;
+         return isPrototypeOf$3(ArrayBufferPrototype, it) || (klass = classof$4(it)) == 'ArrayBuffer' || klass == 'SharedArrayBuffer';
        };
 
-       var $Map = typeof Map === 'function' && Map.prototype ? Map : null;
-       var $Set = typeof Set === 'function' && Set.prototype ? Set : null;
-
-       var exported;
-
-       if (!$Map) {
-               // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
-               exported = function isMap(x) {
-                       // `Map` is not present in this environment.
-                       return false;
-               };
-       }
-
-       var $mapHas = $Map ? Map.prototype.has : null;
-       var $setHas = $Set ? Set.prototype.has : null;
-       if (!exported && !$mapHas) {
-               // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
-               exported = function isMap(x) {
-                       // `Map` does not have a `has` method
-                       return false;
-               };
-       }
-
-       var isMap$1 = exported || function isMap(x) {
-               if (!x || typeof x !== 'object') {
-                       return false;
-               }
-               try {
-                       $mapHas.call(x);
-                       if ($setHas) {
-                               try {
-                                       $setHas.call(x);
-                               } catch (e) {
-                                       return true;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return x instanceof $Map; // core-js workaround, pre-v2.5.0
-               } catch (e) {}
-               return false;
+       var isTypedArrayIndex = function (target, key) {
+         return isTypedArray(target)
+           && !isSymbol$2(key)
+           && key in target
+           && isIntegralNumber(+key)
+           && key >= 0;
        };
 
-       var $Map$1 = typeof Map === 'function' && Map.prototype ? Map : null;
-       var $Set$1 = typeof Set === 'function' && Set.prototype ? Set : null;
-
-       var exported$1;
-
-       if (!$Set$1) {
-               // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
-               exported$1 = function isSet(x) {
-                       // `Set` is not present in this environment.
-                       return false;
-               };
-       }
-
-       var $mapHas$1 = $Map$1 ? Map.prototype.has : null;
-       var $setHas$1 = $Set$1 ? Set.prototype.has : null;
-       if (!exported$1 && !$setHas$1) {
-               // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
-               exported$1 = function isSet(x) {
-                       // `Set` does not have a `has` method
-                       return false;
-               };
-       }
-
-       var isSet$1 = exported$1 || function isSet(x) {
-               if (!x || typeof x !== 'object') {
-                       return false;
-               }
-               try {
-                       $setHas$1.call(x);
-                       if ($mapHas$1) {
-                               try {
-                                       $mapHas$1.call(x);
-                               } catch (e) {
-                                       return true;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return x instanceof $Set$1; // core-js workaround, pre-v2.5.0
-               } catch (e) {}
-               return false;
+       var wrappedGetOwnPropertyDescriptor = function getOwnPropertyDescriptor(target, key) {
+         key = toPropertyKey(key);
+         return isTypedArrayIndex(target, key)
+           ? createPropertyDescriptor$1(2, target[key])
+           : nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor$1(target, key);
        };
 
-       var esGetIterator = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
+       var wrappedDefineProperty = function defineProperty(target, key, descriptor) {
+         key = toPropertyKey(key);
+         if (isTypedArrayIndex(target, key)
+           && isObject$f(descriptor)
+           && hasOwn$7(descriptor, 'value')
+           && !hasOwn$7(descriptor, 'get')
+           && !hasOwn$7(descriptor, 'set')
+           // TODO: add validation descriptor w/o calling accessors
+           && !descriptor.configurable
+           && (!hasOwn$7(descriptor, 'writable') || descriptor.writable)
+           && (!hasOwn$7(descriptor, 'enumerable') || descriptor.enumerable)
+         ) {
+           target[key] = descriptor.value;
+           return target;
+         } return nativeDefineProperty(target, key, descriptor);
+       };
 
-       /* eslint global-require: 0 */
-       // the code is structured this way so that bundlers can
-       // alias out `has-symbols` to `() => true` or `() => false` if your target
-       // environments' Symbol capabilities are known, and then use
-       // dead code elimination on the rest of this module.
-       //
-       // Similarly, `isarray` can be aliased to `Array.isArray` if
-       // available in all target environments.
-
-
-
-       if (hasSymbols$1() || shams()) {
-               var $iterator = Symbol.iterator;
-               // Symbol is available natively or shammed
-               // natively:
-               //  - Chrome >= 38
-               //  - Edge 12-14?, Edge >= 15 for sure
-               //  - FF >= 36
-               //  - Safari >= 9
-               //  - node >= 0.12
-               module.exports = function getIterator(iterable) {
-                       // alternatively, `iterable[$iterator]?.()`
-                       if (iterable != null && typeof iterable[$iterator] !== 'undefined') {
-                               return iterable[$iterator]();
-                       }
-                       if (isArguments$2(iterable)) {
-                               // arguments objects lack Symbol.iterator
-                               // - node 0.12
-                               return Array.prototype[$iterator].call(iterable);
-                       }
-               };
-       } else {
-               // Symbol is not available, native or shammed
-               var isArray = isarray;
-               var isString = isString$2;
-               var GetIntrinsic$1 = GetIntrinsic;
-               var $Map = GetIntrinsic$1('%Map%', true);
-               var $Set = GetIntrinsic$1('%Set%', true);
-               var callBound$1 = callBound;
-               var $arrayPush = callBound$1('Array.prototype.push');
-               var $charCodeAt = callBound$1('String.prototype.charCodeAt');
-               var $stringSlice = callBound$1('String.prototype.slice');
-
-               var advanceStringIndex = function advanceStringIndex(S, index) {
-                       var length = S.length;
-                       if ((index + 1) >= length) {
-                               return index + 1;
-                       }
-
-                       var first = $charCodeAt(S, index);
-                       if (first < 0xD800 || first > 0xDBFF) {
-                               return index + 1;
-                       }
-
-                       var second = $charCodeAt(S, index + 1);
-                       if (second < 0xDC00 || second > 0xDFFF) {
-                               return index + 1;
-                       }
-
-                       return index + 2;
-               };
-
-               var getArrayIterator = function getArrayIterator(arraylike) {
-                       var i = 0;
-                       return {
-                               next: function next() {
-                                       var done = i >= arraylike.length;
-                                       var value;
-                                       if (!done) {
-                                               value = arraylike[i];
-                                               i += 1;
-                                       }
-                                       return {
-                                               done: done,
-                                               value: value
-                                       };
-                               }
-                       };
-               };
-
-               var getNonCollectionIterator = function getNonCollectionIterator(iterable) {
-                       if (isArray(iterable) || isArguments$2(iterable)) {
-                               return getArrayIterator(iterable);
-                       }
-                       if (isString(iterable)) {
-                               var i = 0;
-                               return {
-                                       next: function next() {
-                                               var nextIndex = advanceStringIndex(iterable, i);
-                                               var value = $stringSlice(iterable, i, nextIndex);
-                                               i = nextIndex;
-                                               return {
-                                                       done: nextIndex > iterable.length,
-                                                       value: value
-                                               };
-                                       }
-                               };
-                       }
-               };
-
-               if (!$Map && !$Set) {
-                       // the only language iterables are Array, String, arguments
-                       // - Safari <= 6.0
-                       // - Chrome < 38
-                       // - node < 0.12
-                       // - FF < 13
-                       // - IE < 11
-                       // - Edge < 11
-
-                       module.exports = getNonCollectionIterator;
-               } else {
-                       // either Map or Set are available, but Symbol is not
-                       // - es6-shim on an ES5 browser
-                       // - Safari 6.2 (maybe 6.1?)
-                       // - FF v[13, 36)
-                       // - IE 11
-                       // - Edge 11
-                       // - Safari v[6, 9)
-
-                       var isMap = isMap$1;
-                       var isSet = isSet$1;
-
-                       // Firefox >= 27, IE 11, Safari 6.2 - 9, Edge 11, es6-shim in older envs, all have forEach
-                       var $mapForEach = callBound$1('Map.prototype.forEach', true);
-                       var $setForEach = callBound$1('Set.prototype.forEach', true);
-                       if (typeof process === 'undefined' || !process.versions || !process.versions.node) { // "if is not node"
-
-                               // Firefox 17 - 26 has `.iterator()`, whose iterator `.next()` either
-                               // returns a value, or throws a StopIteration object. These browsers
-                               // do not have any other mechanism for iteration.
-                               var $mapIterator = callBound$1('Map.prototype.iterator', true);
-                               var $setIterator = callBound$1('Set.prototype.iterator', true);
-                               var getStopIterationIterator = function (iterator) {
-                                       var done = false;
-                                       return {
-                                               next: function next() {
-                                                       try {
-                                                               return {
-                                                                       done: done,
-                                                                       value: done ? undefined : iterator.next()
-                                                               };
-                                                       } catch (e) {
-                                                               done = true;
-                                                               return {
-                                                                       done: true,
-                                                                       value: undefined
-                                                               };
-                                                       }
-                                               }
-                                       };
-                               };
-                       }
-                       // Firefox 27-35, and some older es6-shim versions, use a string "@@iterator" property
-                       // this returns a proper iterator object, so we should use it instead of forEach.
-                       // newer es6-shim versions use a string "_es6-shim iterator_" property.
-                       var $mapAtAtIterator = callBound$1('Map.prototype.@@iterator', true) || callBound$1('Map.prototype._es6-shim iterator_', true);
-                       var $setAtAtIterator = callBound$1('Set.prototype.@@iterator', true) || callBound$1('Set.prototype._es6-shim iterator_', true);
-
-                       var getCollectionIterator = function getCollectionIterator(iterable) {
-                               if (isMap(iterable)) {
-                                       if ($mapIterator) {
-                                               return getStopIterationIterator($mapIterator(iterable));
-                                       }
-                                       if ($mapAtAtIterator) {
-                                               return $mapAtAtIterator(iterable);
-                                       }
-                                       if ($mapForEach) {
-                                               var entries = [];
-                                               $mapForEach(iterable, function (v, k) {
-                                                       $arrayPush(entries, [k, v]);
-                                               });
-                                               return getArrayIterator(entries);
-                                       }
-                               }
-                               if (isSet(iterable)) {
-                                       if ($setIterator) {
-                                               return getStopIterationIterator($setIterator(iterable));
-                                       }
-                                       if ($setAtAtIterator) {
-                                               return $setAtAtIterator(iterable);
-                                       }
-                                       if ($setForEach) {
-                                               var values = [];
-                                               $setForEach(iterable, function (v) {
-                                                       $arrayPush(values, v);
-                                               });
-                                               return getArrayIterator(values);
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       };
-
-                       module.exports = function getIterator(iterable) {
-                               return getCollectionIterator(iterable) || getNonCollectionIterator(iterable);
-                       };
-               }
-       }
+       if (DESCRIPTORS$c) {
+         if (!NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS) {
+           getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule$1.f = wrappedGetOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+           definePropertyModule.f = wrappedDefineProperty;
+           addGetter(TypedArrayPrototype$1, 'buffer');
+           addGetter(TypedArrayPrototype$1, 'byteOffset');
+           addGetter(TypedArrayPrototype$1, 'byteLength');
+           addGetter(TypedArrayPrototype$1, 'length');
+         }
+
+         $$_({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: !NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS }, {
+           getOwnPropertyDescriptor: wrappedGetOwnPropertyDescriptor,
+           defineProperty: wrappedDefineProperty
+         });
+
+         typedArrayConstructor.exports = function (TYPE, wrapper, CLAMPED) {
+           var BYTES = TYPE.match(/\d+$/)[0] / 8;
+           var CONSTRUCTOR_NAME = TYPE + (CLAMPED ? 'Clamped' : '') + 'Array';
+           var GETTER = 'get' + TYPE;
+           var SETTER = 'set' + TYPE;
+           var NativeTypedArrayConstructor = global$v[CONSTRUCTOR_NAME];
+           var TypedArrayConstructor = NativeTypedArrayConstructor;
+           var TypedArrayConstructorPrototype = TypedArrayConstructor && TypedArrayConstructor.prototype;
+           var exported = {};
+
+           var getter = function (that, index) {
+             var data = getInternalState(that);
+             return data.view[GETTER](index * BYTES + data.byteOffset, true);
+           };
+
+           var setter = function (that, index, value) {
+             var data = getInternalState(that);
+             if (CLAMPED) value = (value = round(value)) < 0 ? 0 : value > 0xFF ? 0xFF : value & 0xFF;
+             data.view[SETTER](index * BYTES + data.byteOffset, value, true);
+           };
+
+           var addElement = function (that, index) {
+             nativeDefineProperty(that, index, {
+               get: function () {
+                 return getter(this, index);
+               },
+               set: function (value) {
+                 return setter(this, index, value);
+               },
+               enumerable: true
+             });
+           };
+
+           if (!NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS) {
+             TypedArrayConstructor = wrapper(function (that, data, offset, $length) {
+               anInstance$4(that, TypedArrayConstructorPrototype);
+               var index = 0;
+               var byteOffset = 0;
+               var buffer, byteLength, length;
+               if (!isObject$f(data)) {
+                 length = toIndex(data);
+                 byteLength = length * BYTES;
+                 buffer = new ArrayBuffer$1(byteLength);
+               } else if (isArrayBuffer(data)) {
+                 buffer = data;
+                 byteOffset = toOffset$1(offset, BYTES);
+                 var $len = data.byteLength;
+                 if ($length === undefined) {
+                   if ($len % BYTES) throw RangeError$7(WRONG_LENGTH);
+                   byteLength = $len - byteOffset;
+                   if (byteLength < 0) throw RangeError$7(WRONG_LENGTH);
+                 } else {
+                   byteLength = toLength$7($length) * BYTES;
+                   if (byteLength + byteOffset > $len) throw RangeError$7(WRONG_LENGTH);
+                 }
+                 length = byteLength / BYTES;
+               } else if (isTypedArray(data)) {
+                 return fromList(TypedArrayConstructor, data);
+               } else {
+                 return call$c(typedArrayFrom$1, TypedArrayConstructor, data);
+               }
+               setInternalState$3(that, {
+                 buffer: buffer,
+                 byteOffset: byteOffset,
+                 byteLength: byteLength,
+                 length: length,
+                 view: new DataView$1(buffer)
+               });
+               while (index < length) addElement(that, index++);
+             });
+
+             if (setPrototypeOf$1) setPrototypeOf$1(TypedArrayConstructor, TypedArray);
+             TypedArrayConstructorPrototype = TypedArrayConstructor.prototype = create$7(TypedArrayPrototype$1);
+           } else if (TYPED_ARRAYS_CONSTRUCTORS_REQUIRES_WRAPPERS$1) {
+             TypedArrayConstructor = wrapper(function (dummy, data, typedArrayOffset, $length) {
+               anInstance$4(dummy, TypedArrayConstructorPrototype);
+               return inheritIfRequired$3(function () {
+                 if (!isObject$f(data)) return new NativeTypedArrayConstructor(toIndex(data));
+                 if (isArrayBuffer(data)) return $length !== undefined
+                   ? new NativeTypedArrayConstructor(data, toOffset$1(typedArrayOffset, BYTES), $length)
+                   : typedArrayOffset !== undefined
+                     ? new NativeTypedArrayConstructor(data, toOffset$1(typedArrayOffset, BYTES))
+                     : new NativeTypedArrayConstructor(data);
+                 if (isTypedArray(data)) return fromList(TypedArrayConstructor, data);
+                 return call$c(typedArrayFrom$1, TypedArrayConstructor, data);
+               }(), dummy, TypedArrayConstructor);
+             });
+
+             if (setPrototypeOf$1) setPrototypeOf$1(TypedArrayConstructor, TypedArray);
+             forEach$1(getOwnPropertyNames$2(NativeTypedArrayConstructor), function (key) {
+               if (!(key in TypedArrayConstructor)) {
+                 createNonEnumerableProperty$2(TypedArrayConstructor, key, NativeTypedArrayConstructor[key]);
+               }
+             });
+             TypedArrayConstructor.prototype = TypedArrayConstructorPrototype;
+           }
+
+           if (TypedArrayConstructorPrototype.constructor !== TypedArrayConstructor) {
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$2(TypedArrayConstructorPrototype, 'constructor', TypedArrayConstructor);
+           }
+
+           createNonEnumerableProperty$2(TypedArrayConstructorPrototype, TYPED_ARRAY_CONSTRUCTOR$1, TypedArrayConstructor);
+
+           if (TYPED_ARRAY_TAG) {
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$2(TypedArrayConstructorPrototype, TYPED_ARRAY_TAG, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
+           }
+
+           exported[CONSTRUCTOR_NAME] = TypedArrayConstructor;
+
+           $$_({
+             global: true, forced: TypedArrayConstructor != NativeTypedArrayConstructor, sham: !NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS
+           }, exported);
+
+           if (!(BYTES_PER_ELEMENT in TypedArrayConstructor)) {
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$2(TypedArrayConstructor, BYTES_PER_ELEMENT, BYTES);
+           }
+
+           if (!(BYTES_PER_ELEMENT in TypedArrayConstructorPrototype)) {
+             createNonEnumerableProperty$2(TypedArrayConstructorPrototype, BYTES_PER_ELEMENT, BYTES);
+           }
+
+           setSpecies$2(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
+         };
+       } else typedArrayConstructor.exports = function () { /* empty */ };
+
+       var createTypedArrayConstructor$1 = typedArrayConstructor.exports;
+
+       // `Uint8Array` constructor
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-typedarray-objects
+       createTypedArrayConstructor$1('Uint8', function (init) {
+         return function Uint8Array(data, byteOffset, length) {
+           return init(this, data, byteOffset, length);
+         };
        });
 
-       var $TypeError$c = TypeError;
-
-       // eslint-disable-next-line consistent-return
-       var iterateIterator = function iterateIterator(iterator) {
-               if (!iterator || typeof iterator.next !== 'function') {
-                       throw new $TypeError$c('iterator must be an object with a `next` method');
-               }
-               if (arguments.length > 1) {
-                       var callback = arguments[1];
-                       if (typeof callback !== 'function') {
-                               throw new $TypeError$c('`callback`, if provided, must be a function');
-                       }
-               }
-               var values = callback || [];
-               var result;
-               while ((result = iterator.next()) && !result.done) {
-                       if (callback) {
-                               callback(result.value); // eslint-disable-line callback-return
-                       } else {
-                               values.push(result.value);
-                       }
-               }
-               if (!callback) {
-                       return values;
-               }
-       };
+       var toObject$b = toObject$i;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$4 = toAbsoluteIndex$9;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$b = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
+
+       var min$7 = Math.min;
+
+       // `Array.prototype.copyWithin` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.copywithin
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-array-prototype-copywithin -- safe
+       var arrayCopyWithin = [].copyWithin || function copyWithin(target /* = 0 */, start /* = 0, end = @length */) {
+         var O = toObject$b(this);
+         var len = lengthOfArrayLike$b(O);
+         var to = toAbsoluteIndex$4(target, len);
+         var from = toAbsoluteIndex$4(start, len);
+         var end = arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined;
+         var count = min$7((end === undefined ? len : toAbsoluteIndex$4(end, len)) - from, len - to);
+         var inc = 1;
+         if (from < to && to < from + count) {
+           inc = -1;
+           from += count - 1;
+           to += count - 1;
+         }
+         while (count-- > 0) {
+           if (from in O) O[to] = O[from];
+           else delete O[to];
+           to += inc;
+           from += inc;
+         } return O;
+       };
+
+       var uncurryThis$A = functionUncurryThis;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$m = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $ArrayCopyWithin = arrayCopyWithin;
+
+       var u$ArrayCopyWithin = uncurryThis$A($ArrayCopyWithin);
+       var aTypedArray$l = ArrayBufferViewCore$m.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$m = ArrayBufferViewCore$m.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.copyWithin` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.copywithin
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$m('copyWithin', function copyWithin(target, start /* , end */) {
+         return u$ArrayCopyWithin(aTypedArray$l(this), target, start, arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
+       });
 
-       var $TypeError$d = TypeError;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$l = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $every$1 = arrayIteration.every;
 
+       var aTypedArray$k = ArrayBufferViewCore$l.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$l = ArrayBufferViewCore$l.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
-       var iterateValue = function iterateValue(iterable) {
-               var iterator = esGetIterator(iterable);
-               if (!iterator) {
-                       throw new $TypeError$d('non-iterable value provided');
-               }
-               if (arguments.length > 1) {
-                       return iterateIterator(iterator, arguments[1]);
-               }
-               return iterateIterator(iterator);
-       };
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.every` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.every
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$l('every', function every(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
+         return $every$1(aTypedArray$k(this), callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       });
 
-       var implementation$5 = function from(items) {
-               var C = this;
-               if (items === null || typeof items === 'undefined') {
-                       throw new TypeError('`Array.from` requires an array-like object, not `null` or `undefined`');
-               }
-               var mapFn, T;
-               if (typeof arguments[1] !== 'undefined') {
-                       mapFn = arguments[1];
-                       if (!IsCallable(mapFn)) {
-                               throw new TypeError('When provided, the second argument to `Array.from` must be a function');
-                       }
-                       if (arguments.length > 2) {
-                               T = arguments[2];
-                       }
-               }
-
-               var values;
-               try {
-                       values = iterateValue(items);
-               } catch (e) {
-                       values = items;
-               }
-
-               var arrayLike = ToObject(values);
-               var len = ToLength(arrayLike.length);
-               var A = IsConstructor(C) ? ToObject(new C(len)) : new Array(len);
-               var k = 0;
-               var kValue, mappedValue;
-
-               while (k < len) {
-                       var Pk = ToString(k);
-                       kValue = Get(arrayLike, Pk);
-                       if (mapFn) {
-                               mappedValue = typeof T === 'undefined' ? mapFn(kValue, k) : Call(mapFn, T, [kValue, k]);
-                       } else {
-                               mappedValue = kValue;
-                       }
-                       CreateDataPropertyOrThrow(A, Pk, mappedValue);
-                       k += 1;
-               }
-               A.length = len;
-               return A;
-       };
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$k = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var call$b = functionCall;
+       var $fill = arrayFill$1;
+
+       var aTypedArray$j = ArrayBufferViewCore$k.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$k = ArrayBufferViewCore$k.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.fill` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.fill
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$k('fill', function fill(value /* , start, end */) {
+         var length = arguments.length;
+         return call$b(
+           $fill,
+           aTypedArray$j(this),
+           value,
+           length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined,
+           length > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined
+         );
+       });
 
-       var tryCall = function (fn) {
-               try {
-                       return fn();
-               } catch (e) {
-                       return false;
-               }
-       };
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$a = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
 
-       var polyfill$8 = function getPolyfill() {
-               if (IsCallable(Array.from)) {
-                       var handlesUndefMapper = tryCall(function () {
-                               // Microsoft Edge v0.11 throws if the mapFn argument is *provided* but undefined,
-                               // but the spec doesn't care if it's provided or not - undefined doesn't throw.
-                               return Array.from([0], undefined);
-                       });
-                       if (!handlesUndefMapper) {
-                               var origArrayFrom = Array.from;
-                               return function from(items) {
-                                       /* eslint no-invalid-this: 0 */
-                                       if (arguments.length > 1 && typeof arguments[1] !== 'undefined') {
-                                               return Call(origArrayFrom, this, arguments);
-                                       } else {
-                                               return Call(origArrayFrom, this, [items]);
-                                       }
-                               };
-                       }
-                       var implemented = tryCall(function () {
-                               // Detects a Firefox bug in v32
-                               // https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1063993
-                               return Array.from({ 'length': -1 }) === 0;
-                       })
-                       && tryCall(function () {
-                               // Detects a bug in Webkit nightly r181886
-                               var arr = Array.from([0].entries());
-                               return arr.length === 1 && IsArray(arr[0]) && arr[0][0] === 0 && arr[0][1] === 0;
-                       })
-                       && tryCall(function () {
-                               return Array.from({ 'length': -Infinity });
-                       });
-                       if (implemented) {
-                               return Array.from;
-                       }
-               }
-
-               return implementation$5;
+       var arrayFromConstructorAndList$1 = function (Constructor, list) {
+         var index = 0;
+         var length = lengthOfArrayLike$a(list);
+         var result = new Constructor(length);
+         while (length > index) result[index] = list[index++];
+         return result;
        };
 
-       var shim$a = function shimArrayFrom() {
-               var polyfill = polyfill$8();
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$j = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var speciesConstructor$2 = speciesConstructor$5;
 
-               defineProperties_1(Array, { 'from': polyfill }, {
-                       'from': function () {
-                               return Array.from !== polyfill;
-                       }
-               });
+       var TYPED_ARRAY_CONSTRUCTOR = ArrayBufferViewCore$j.TYPED_ARRAY_CONSTRUCTOR;
+       var aTypedArrayConstructor = ArrayBufferViewCore$j.aTypedArrayConstructor;
 
-               return polyfill;
+       // a part of `TypedArraySpeciesCreate` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#typedarray-species-create
+       var typedArraySpeciesConstructor$4 = function (originalArray) {
+         return aTypedArrayConstructor(speciesConstructor$2(originalArray, originalArray[TYPED_ARRAY_CONSTRUCTOR]));
        };
 
-       var polyfill$9 = polyfill$8();
+       var arrayFromConstructorAndList = arrayFromConstructorAndList$1;
+       var typedArraySpeciesConstructor$3 = typedArraySpeciesConstructor$4;
 
-       // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
-       var boundFromShim = function from(items) {
-               // eslint-disable-next-line no-invalid-this
-               return polyfill$9.apply(this || Array, arguments);
+       var typedArrayFromSpeciesAndList = function (instance, list) {
+         return arrayFromConstructorAndList(typedArraySpeciesConstructor$3(instance), list);
        };
 
-       defineProperties_1(boundFromShim, {
-               'getPolyfill': polyfill$8,
-               'implementation': implementation$5,
-               'shim': shim$a
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$i = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $filter$1 = arrayIteration.filter;
+       var fromSpeciesAndList = typedArrayFromSpeciesAndList;
+
+       var aTypedArray$i = ArrayBufferViewCore$i.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$j = ArrayBufferViewCore$i.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.filter` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.filter
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$j('filter', function filter(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
+         var list = $filter$1(aTypedArray$i(this), callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+         return fromSpeciesAndList(this, list);
        });
 
-       var array_from = boundFromShim;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$h = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $find$1 = arrayIteration.find;
 
-       var $isEnumerable$2 = callBound('Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable');
+       var aTypedArray$h = ArrayBufferViewCore$h.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$i = ArrayBufferViewCore$h.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
-       var implementation$6 = function values(O) {
-               var obj = RequireObjectCoercible(O);
-               var vals = [];
-               for (var key in obj) {
-                       if (src(obj, key) && $isEnumerable$2(obj, key)) {
-                               vals.push(obj[key]);
-                       }
-               }
-               return vals;
-       };
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.find` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.find
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$i('find', function find(predicate /* , thisArg */) {
+         return $find$1(aTypedArray$h(this), predicate, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       });
 
-       var polyfill$a = function getPolyfill() {
-               return typeof Object.values === 'function' ? Object.values : implementation$6;
-       };
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$g = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $findIndex$1 = arrayIteration.findIndex;
 
-       var shim$b = function shimValues() {
-               var polyfill = polyfill$a();
-               defineProperties_1(Object, { values: polyfill }, {
-                       values: function testValues() {
-                               return Object.values !== polyfill;
-                       }
-               });
-               return polyfill;
-       };
+       var aTypedArray$g = ArrayBufferViewCore$g.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$h = ArrayBufferViewCore$g.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.findIndex` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.findindex
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$h('findIndex', function findIndex(predicate /* , thisArg */) {
+         return $findIndex$1(aTypedArray$g(this), predicate, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       });
+
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$f = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $forEach = arrayIteration.forEach;
 
-       var polyfill$b = polyfill$a();
+       var aTypedArray$f = ArrayBufferViewCore$f.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$g = ArrayBufferViewCore$f.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
-       defineProperties_1(polyfill$b, {
-               getPolyfill: polyfill$a,
-               implementation: implementation$6,
-               shim: shim$b
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.forEach` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.foreach
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$g('forEach', function forEach(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
+         $forEach(aTypedArray$f(this), callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
        });
 
-       var object_values = polyfill$b;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$e = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $includes$1 = arrayIncludes.includes;
 
-       // modified from https://github.com/es-shims/es6-shim
+       var aTypedArray$e = ArrayBufferViewCore$e.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$f = ArrayBufferViewCore$e.exportTypedArrayMethod;
 
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.includes` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.includes
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$f('includes', function includes(searchElement /* , fromIndex */) {
+         return $includes$1(aTypedArray$e(this), searchElement, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       });
 
-       var canBeObject = function (obj) {
-               return typeof obj !== 'undefined' && obj !== null;
-       };
-       var hasSymbols$5 = shams();
-       var toObject = Object;
-       var push = functionBind.call(Function.call, Array.prototype.push);
-       var propIsEnumerable = functionBind.call(Function.call, Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable);
-       var originalGetSymbols = hasSymbols$5 ? Object.getOwnPropertySymbols : null;
-
-       var implementation$7 = function assign(target, source1) {
-               if (!canBeObject(target)) { throw new TypeError('target must be an object'); }
-               var objTarget = toObject(target);
-               var s, source, i, props, syms, value, key;
-               for (s = 1; s < arguments.length; ++s) {
-                       source = toObject(arguments[s]);
-                       props = objectKeys(source);
-                       var getSymbols = hasSymbols$5 && (Object.getOwnPropertySymbols || originalGetSymbols);
-                       if (getSymbols) {
-                               syms = getSymbols(source);
-                               for (i = 0; i < syms.length; ++i) {
-                                       key = syms[i];
-                                       if (propIsEnumerable(source, key)) {
-                                               push(props, key);
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }
-                       for (i = 0; i < props.length; ++i) {
-                               key = props[i];
-                               value = source[key];
-                               if (propIsEnumerable(source, key)) {
-                                       objTarget[key] = value;
-                               }
-                       }
-               }
-               return objTarget;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$d = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $indexOf = arrayIncludes.indexOf;
+
+       var aTypedArray$d = ArrayBufferViewCore$d.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$e = ArrayBufferViewCore$d.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.indexOf` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.indexof
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$e('indexOf', function indexOf(searchElement /* , fromIndex */) {
+         return $indexOf(aTypedArray$d(this), searchElement, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       });
+
+       var global$u = global$1o;
+       var fails$z = fails$V;
+       var uncurryThis$z = functionUncurryThis;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$c = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var ArrayIterators = es_array_iterator;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$9 = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+
+       var ITERATOR$4 = wellKnownSymbol$9('iterator');
+       var Uint8Array$2 = global$u.Uint8Array;
+       var arrayValues = uncurryThis$z(ArrayIterators.values);
+       var arrayKeys = uncurryThis$z(ArrayIterators.keys);
+       var arrayEntries = uncurryThis$z(ArrayIterators.entries);
+       var aTypedArray$c = ArrayBufferViewCore$c.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$d = ArrayBufferViewCore$c.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var TypedArrayPrototype = Uint8Array$2 && Uint8Array$2.prototype;
+
+       var GENERIC = !fails$z(function () {
+         TypedArrayPrototype[ITERATOR$4].call([1]);
+       });
+
+       var ITERATOR_IS_VALUES = !!TypedArrayPrototype
+         && TypedArrayPrototype.values
+         && TypedArrayPrototype[ITERATOR$4] === TypedArrayPrototype.values
+         && TypedArrayPrototype.values.name === 'values';
+
+       var typedArrayValues = function values() {
+         return arrayValues(aTypedArray$c(this));
+       };
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.entries` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.entries
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$d('entries', function entries() {
+         return arrayEntries(aTypedArray$c(this));
+       }, GENERIC);
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.keys` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.keys
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$d('keys', function keys() {
+         return arrayKeys(aTypedArray$c(this));
+       }, GENERIC);
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.values` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.values
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$d('values', typedArrayValues, GENERIC || !ITERATOR_IS_VALUES, { name: 'values' });
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype[@@iterator]` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype-@@iterator
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$d(ITERATOR$4, typedArrayValues, GENERIC || !ITERATOR_IS_VALUES, { name: 'values' });
+
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$b = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var uncurryThis$y = functionUncurryThis;
+
+       var aTypedArray$b = ArrayBufferViewCore$b.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$c = ArrayBufferViewCore$b.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var $join = uncurryThis$y([].join);
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.join` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.join
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$c('join', function join(separator) {
+         return $join(aTypedArray$b(this), separator);
+       });
+
+       /* eslint-disable es/no-array-prototype-lastindexof -- safe */
+       var apply$6 = functionApply;
+       var toIndexedObject$5 = toIndexedObject$d;
+       var toIntegerOrInfinity$4 = toIntegerOrInfinity$b;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$9 = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$6 = arrayMethodIsStrict$9;
+
+       var min$6 = Math.min;
+       var $lastIndexOf$1 = [].lastIndexOf;
+       var NEGATIVE_ZERO = !!$lastIndexOf$1 && 1 / [1].lastIndexOf(1, -0) < 0;
+       var STRICT_METHOD$6 = arrayMethodIsStrict$6('lastIndexOf');
+       var FORCED$f = NEGATIVE_ZERO || !STRICT_METHOD$6;
+
+       // `Array.prototype.lastIndexOf` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.lastindexof
+       var arrayLastIndexOf = FORCED$f ? function lastIndexOf(searchElement /* , fromIndex = @[*-1] */) {
+         // convert -0 to +0
+         if (NEGATIVE_ZERO) return apply$6($lastIndexOf$1, this, arguments) || 0;
+         var O = toIndexedObject$5(this);
+         var length = lengthOfArrayLike$9(O);
+         var index = length - 1;
+         if (arguments.length > 1) index = min$6(index, toIntegerOrInfinity$4(arguments[1]));
+         if (index < 0) index = length + index;
+         for (;index >= 0; index--) if (index in O && O[index] === searchElement) return index || 0;
+         return -1;
+       } : $lastIndexOf$1;
+
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$a = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var apply$5 = functionApply;
+       var $lastIndexOf = arrayLastIndexOf;
+
+       var aTypedArray$a = ArrayBufferViewCore$a.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$b = ArrayBufferViewCore$a.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.lastIndexOf` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.lastindexof
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$b('lastIndexOf', function lastIndexOf(searchElement /* , fromIndex */) {
+         var length = arguments.length;
+         return apply$5($lastIndexOf, aTypedArray$a(this), length > 1 ? [searchElement, arguments[1]] : [searchElement]);
+       });
+
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$9 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $map = arrayIteration.map;
+       var typedArraySpeciesConstructor$2 = typedArraySpeciesConstructor$4;
+
+       var aTypedArray$9 = ArrayBufferViewCore$9.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$a = ArrayBufferViewCore$9.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.map` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.map
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$a('map', function map(mapfn /* , thisArg */) {
+         return $map(aTypedArray$9(this), mapfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined, function (O, length) {
+           return new (typedArraySpeciesConstructor$2(O))(length);
+         });
+       });
+
+       var global$t = global$1o;
+       var aCallable$4 = aCallable$a;
+       var toObject$a = toObject$i;
+       var IndexedObject$2 = indexedObject;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$8 = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
+
+       var TypeError$9 = global$t.TypeError;
+
+       // `Array.prototype.{ reduce, reduceRight }` methods implementation
+       var createMethod$3 = function (IS_RIGHT) {
+         return function (that, callbackfn, argumentsLength, memo) {
+           aCallable$4(callbackfn);
+           var O = toObject$a(that);
+           var self = IndexedObject$2(O);
+           var length = lengthOfArrayLike$8(O);
+           var index = IS_RIGHT ? length - 1 : 0;
+           var i = IS_RIGHT ? -1 : 1;
+           if (argumentsLength < 2) while (true) {
+             if (index in self) {
+               memo = self[index];
+               index += i;
+               break;
+             }
+             index += i;
+             if (IS_RIGHT ? index < 0 : length <= index) {
+               throw TypeError$9('Reduce of empty array with no initial value');
+             }
+           }
+           for (;IS_RIGHT ? index >= 0 : length > index; index += i) if (index in self) {
+             memo = callbackfn(memo, self[index], index, O);
+           }
+           return memo;
+         };
        };
 
-       var lacksProperEnumerationOrder = function () {
-               if (!Object.assign) {
-                       return false;
-               }
-               // v8, specifically in node 4.x, has a bug with incorrect property enumeration order
-               // note: this does not detect the bug unless there's 20 characters
-               var str = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrst';
-               var letters = str.split('');
-               var map = {};
-               for (var i = 0; i < letters.length; ++i) {
-                       map[letters[i]] = letters[i];
-               }
-               var obj = Object.assign({}, map);
-               var actual = '';
-               for (var k in obj) {
-                       actual += k;
-               }
-               return str !== actual;
+       var arrayReduce = {
+         // `Array.prototype.reduce` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.reduce
+         left: createMethod$3(false),
+         // `Array.prototype.reduceRight` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.reduceright
+         right: createMethod$3(true)
        };
 
-       var assignHasPendingExceptions = function () {
-               if (!Object.assign || !Object.preventExtensions) {
-                       return false;
-               }
-               // Firefox 37 still has "pending exception" logic in its Object.assign implementation,
-               // which is 72% slower than our shim, and Firefox 40's native implementation.
-               var thrower = Object.preventExtensions({ 1: 2 });
-               try {
-                       Object.assign(thrower, 'xy');
-               } catch (e) {
-                       return thrower[1] === 'y';
-               }
-               return false;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$8 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $reduce$1 = arrayReduce.left;
+
+       var aTypedArray$8 = ArrayBufferViewCore$8.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$9 = ArrayBufferViewCore$8.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.reduce` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.reduce
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$9('reduce', function reduce(callbackfn /* , initialValue */) {
+         var length = arguments.length;
+         return $reduce$1(aTypedArray$8(this), callbackfn, length, length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       });
+
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$7 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $reduceRight$1 = arrayReduce.right;
+
+       var aTypedArray$7 = ArrayBufferViewCore$7.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$8 = ArrayBufferViewCore$7.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.reduceRicht` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.reduceright
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$8('reduceRight', function reduceRight(callbackfn /* , initialValue */) {
+         var length = arguments.length;
+         return $reduceRight$1(aTypedArray$7(this), callbackfn, length, length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       });
+
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$6 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+
+       var aTypedArray$6 = ArrayBufferViewCore$6.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$7 = ArrayBufferViewCore$6.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var floor$5 = Math.floor;
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.reverse` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.reverse
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$7('reverse', function reverse() {
+         var that = this;
+         var length = aTypedArray$6(that).length;
+         var middle = floor$5(length / 2);
+         var index = 0;
+         var value;
+         while (index < middle) {
+           value = that[index];
+           that[index++] = that[--length];
+           that[length] = value;
+         } return that;
+       });
+
+       var global$s = global$1o;
+       var call$a = functionCall;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$5 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$7 = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
+       var toOffset = toOffset$2;
+       var toIndexedObject$4 = toObject$i;
+       var fails$y = fails$V;
+
+       var RangeError$6 = global$s.RangeError;
+       var Int8Array$2 = global$s.Int8Array;
+       var Int8ArrayPrototype = Int8Array$2 && Int8Array$2.prototype;
+       var $set = Int8ArrayPrototype && Int8ArrayPrototype.set;
+       var aTypedArray$5 = ArrayBufferViewCore$5.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$6 = ArrayBufferViewCore$5.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+
+       var WORKS_WITH_OBJECTS_AND_GEERIC_ON_TYPED_ARRAYS = !fails$y(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-typed-arrays -- required for testing
+         var array = new Uint8ClampedArray(2);
+         call$a($set, array, { length: 1, 0: 3 }, 1);
+         return array[1] !== 3;
+       });
+
+       // https://bugs.chromium.org/p/v8/issues/detail?id=11294 and other
+       var TO_OBJECT_BUG = WORKS_WITH_OBJECTS_AND_GEERIC_ON_TYPED_ARRAYS && ArrayBufferViewCore$5.NATIVE_ARRAY_BUFFER_VIEWS && fails$y(function () {
+         var array = new Int8Array$2(2);
+         array.set(1);
+         array.set('2', 1);
+         return array[0] !== 0 || array[1] !== 2;
+       });
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.set` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.set
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$6('set', function set(arrayLike /* , offset */) {
+         aTypedArray$5(this);
+         var offset = toOffset(arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined, 1);
+         var src = toIndexedObject$4(arrayLike);
+         if (WORKS_WITH_OBJECTS_AND_GEERIC_ON_TYPED_ARRAYS) return call$a($set, this, src, offset);
+         var length = this.length;
+         var len = lengthOfArrayLike$7(src);
+         var index = 0;
+         if (len + offset > length) throw RangeError$6('Wrong length');
+         while (index < len) this[offset + index] = src[index++];
+       }, !WORKS_WITH_OBJECTS_AND_GEERIC_ON_TYPED_ARRAYS || TO_OBJECT_BUG);
+
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$4 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var typedArraySpeciesConstructor$1 = typedArraySpeciesConstructor$4;
+       var fails$x = fails$V;
+       var arraySlice$7 = arraySlice$b;
+
+       var aTypedArray$4 = ArrayBufferViewCore$4.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$5 = ArrayBufferViewCore$4.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+
+       var FORCED$e = fails$x(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-typed-arrays -- required for testing
+         new Int8Array(1).slice();
+       });
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.slice` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.slice
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$5('slice', function slice(start, end) {
+         var list = arraySlice$7(aTypedArray$4(this), start, end);
+         var C = typedArraySpeciesConstructor$1(this);
+         var index = 0;
+         var length = list.length;
+         var result = new C(length);
+         while (length > index) result[index] = list[index++];
+         return result;
+       }, FORCED$e);
+
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$3 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var $some$1 = arrayIteration.some;
+
+       var aTypedArray$3 = ArrayBufferViewCore$3.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$4 = ArrayBufferViewCore$3.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.some` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.some
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$4('some', function some(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
+         return $some$1(aTypedArray$3(this), callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+       });
+
+       var arraySlice$6 = arraySliceSimple;
+
+       var floor$4 = Math.floor;
+
+       var mergeSort = function (array, comparefn) {
+         var length = array.length;
+         var middle = floor$4(length / 2);
+         return length < 8 ? insertionSort(array, comparefn) : merge$5(
+           array,
+           mergeSort(arraySlice$6(array, 0, middle), comparefn),
+           mergeSort(arraySlice$6(array, middle), comparefn),
+           comparefn
+         );
        };
 
-       var polyfill$c = function getPolyfill() {
-               if (!Object.assign) {
-                       return implementation$7;
-               }
-               if (lacksProperEnumerationOrder()) {
-                       return implementation$7;
-               }
-               if (assignHasPendingExceptions()) {
-                       return implementation$7;
-               }
-               return Object.assign;
+       var insertionSort = function (array, comparefn) {
+         var length = array.length;
+         var i = 1;
+         var element, j;
+
+         while (i < length) {
+           j = i;
+           element = array[i];
+           while (j && comparefn(array[j - 1], element) > 0) {
+             array[j] = array[--j];
+           }
+           if (j !== i++) array[j] = element;
+         } return array;
        };
 
-       var shim$c = function shimAssign() {
-               var polyfill = polyfill$c();
-               defineProperties_1(
-                       Object,
-                       { assign: polyfill },
-                       { assign: function () { return Object.assign !== polyfill; } }
-               );
-               return polyfill;
+       var merge$5 = function (array, left, right, comparefn) {
+         var llength = left.length;
+         var rlength = right.length;
+         var lindex = 0;
+         var rindex = 0;
+
+         while (lindex < llength || rindex < rlength) {
+           array[lindex + rindex] = (lindex < llength && rindex < rlength)
+             ? comparefn(left[lindex], right[rindex]) <= 0 ? left[lindex++] : right[rindex++]
+             : lindex < llength ? left[lindex++] : right[rindex++];
+         } return array;
        };
 
-       var polyfill$d = polyfill$c();
+       var arraySort$1 = mergeSort;
 
-       defineProperties_1(polyfill$d, {
-               getPolyfill: polyfill$c,
-               implementation: implementation$7,
-               shim: shim$c
-       });
+       var userAgent$3 = engineUserAgent;
 
-       var object_assign = polyfill$d;
+       var firefox = userAgent$3.match(/firefox\/(\d+)/i);
 
-       /**
-        * @this {Promise}
-        */
-       function finallyConstructor(callback) {
-         var constructor = this.constructor;
-         return this.then(
-           function(value) {
-             // @ts-ignore
-             return constructor.resolve(callback()).then(function() {
-               return value;
-             });
-           },
-           function(reason) {
-             // @ts-ignore
-             return constructor.resolve(callback()).then(function() {
-               // @ts-ignore
-               return constructor.reject(reason);
-             });
-           }
+       var engineFfVersion = !!firefox && +firefox[1];
+
+       var UA = engineUserAgent;
+
+       var engineIsIeOrEdge = /MSIE|Trident/.test(UA);
+
+       var userAgent$2 = engineUserAgent;
+
+       var webkit = userAgent$2.match(/AppleWebKit\/(\d+)\./);
+
+       var engineWebkitVersion = !!webkit && +webkit[1];
+
+       var global$r = global$1o;
+       var uncurryThis$x = functionUncurryThis;
+       var fails$w = fails$V;
+       var aCallable$3 = aCallable$a;
+       var internalSort$1 = arraySort$1;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$2 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var FF$1 = engineFfVersion;
+       var IE_OR_EDGE$1 = engineIsIeOrEdge;
+       var V8$1 = engineV8Version;
+       var WEBKIT$1 = engineWebkitVersion;
+
+       var Array$3 = global$r.Array;
+       var aTypedArray$2 = ArrayBufferViewCore$2.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$3 = ArrayBufferViewCore$2.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var Uint16Array = global$r.Uint16Array;
+       var un$Sort$1 = Uint16Array && uncurryThis$x(Uint16Array.prototype.sort);
+
+       // WebKit
+       var ACCEPT_INCORRECT_ARGUMENTS = !!un$Sort$1 && !(fails$w(function () {
+         un$Sort$1(new Uint16Array(2), null);
+       }) && fails$w(function () {
+         un$Sort$1(new Uint16Array(2), {});
+       }));
+
+       var STABLE_SORT$1 = !!un$Sort$1 && !fails$w(function () {
+         // feature detection can be too slow, so check engines versions
+         if (V8$1) return V8$1 < 74;
+         if (FF$1) return FF$1 < 67;
+         if (IE_OR_EDGE$1) return true;
+         if (WEBKIT$1) return WEBKIT$1 < 602;
+
+         var array = new Uint16Array(516);
+         var expected = Array$3(516);
+         var index, mod;
+
+         for (index = 0; index < 516; index++) {
+           mod = index % 4;
+           array[index] = 515 - index;
+           expected[index] = index - 2 * mod + 3;
+         }
+
+         un$Sort$1(array, function (a, b) {
+           return (a / 4 | 0) - (b / 4 | 0);
+         });
+
+         for (index = 0; index < 516; index++) {
+           if (array[index] !== expected[index]) return true;
+         }
+       });
+
+       var getSortCompare$1 = function (comparefn) {
+         return function (x, y) {
+           if (comparefn !== undefined) return +comparefn(x, y) || 0;
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
+           if (y !== y) return -1;
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
+           if (x !== x) return 1;
+           if (x === 0 && y === 0) return 1 / x > 0 && 1 / y < 0 ? 1 : -1;
+           return x > y;
+         };
+       };
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.sort` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.sort
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$3('sort', function sort(comparefn) {
+         if (comparefn !== undefined) aCallable$3(comparefn);
+         if (STABLE_SORT$1) return un$Sort$1(this, comparefn);
+
+         return internalSort$1(aTypedArray$2(this), getSortCompare$1(comparefn));
+       }, !STABLE_SORT$1 || ACCEPT_INCORRECT_ARGUMENTS);
+
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore$1 = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var toLength$6 = toLength$c;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$3 = toAbsoluteIndex$9;
+       var typedArraySpeciesConstructor = typedArraySpeciesConstructor$4;
+
+       var aTypedArray$1 = ArrayBufferViewCore$1.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$2 = ArrayBufferViewCore$1.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.subarray` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.subarray
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$2('subarray', function subarray(begin, end) {
+         var O = aTypedArray$1(this);
+         var length = O.length;
+         var beginIndex = toAbsoluteIndex$3(begin, length);
+         var C = typedArraySpeciesConstructor(O);
+         return new C(
+           O.buffer,
+           O.byteOffset + beginIndex * O.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT,
+           toLength$6((end === undefined ? length : toAbsoluteIndex$3(end, length)) - beginIndex)
          );
-       }
+       });
 
-       // Store setTimeout reference so promise-polyfill will be unaffected by
-       // other code modifying setTimeout (like sinon.useFakeTimers())
-       var setTimeoutFunc = setTimeout;
+       var global$q = global$1o;
+       var apply$4 = functionApply;
+       var ArrayBufferViewCore = arrayBufferViewCore;
+       var fails$v = fails$V;
+       var arraySlice$5 = arraySlice$b;
 
-       function isArray$4(x) {
-         return Boolean(x && typeof x.length !== 'undefined');
-       }
+       var Int8Array$1 = global$q.Int8Array;
+       var aTypedArray = ArrayBufferViewCore.aTypedArray;
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod$1 = ArrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var $toLocaleString = [].toLocaleString;
 
-       function noop$1() {}
+       // iOS Safari 6.x fails here
+       var TO_LOCALE_STRING_BUG = !!Int8Array$1 && fails$v(function () {
+         $toLocaleString.call(new Int8Array$1(1));
+       });
+
+       var FORCED$d = fails$v(function () {
+         return [1, 2].toLocaleString() != new Int8Array$1([1, 2]).toLocaleString();
+       }) || !fails$v(function () {
+         Int8Array$1.prototype.toLocaleString.call([1, 2]);
+       });
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.toLocaleString` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.tolocalestring
+       exportTypedArrayMethod$1('toLocaleString', function toLocaleString() {
+         return apply$4(
+           $toLocaleString,
+           TO_LOCALE_STRING_BUG ? arraySlice$5(aTypedArray(this)) : aTypedArray(this),
+           arraySlice$5(arguments)
+         );
+       }, FORCED$d);
+
+       var exportTypedArrayMethod = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayMethod;
+       var fails$u = fails$V;
+       var global$p = global$1o;
+       var uncurryThis$w = functionUncurryThis;
 
-       // Polyfill for Function.prototype.bind
-       function bind$2(fn, thisArg) {
-         return function() {
-           fn.apply(thisArg, arguments);
+       var Uint8Array$1 = global$p.Uint8Array;
+       var Uint8ArrayPrototype = Uint8Array$1 && Uint8Array$1.prototype || {};
+       var arrayToString = [].toString;
+       var join$5 = uncurryThis$w([].join);
+
+       if (fails$u(function () { arrayToString.call({}); })) {
+         arrayToString = function toString() {
+           return join$5(this);
          };
        }
 
-       /**
-        * @constructor
-        * @param {Function} fn
-        */
-       function Promise$1(fn) {
-         if (!(this instanceof Promise$1))
-           throw new TypeError('Promises must be constructed via new');
-         if (typeof fn !== 'function') throw new TypeError('not a function');
-         /** @type {!number} */
-         this._state = 0;
-         /** @type {!boolean} */
-         this._handled = false;
-         /** @type {Promise|undefined} */
-         this._value = undefined;
-         /** @type {!Array<!Function>} */
-         this._deferreds = [];
-
-         doResolve(fn, this);
-       }
-
-       function handle(self, deferred) {
-         while (self._state === 3) {
-           self = self._value;
-         }
-         if (self._state === 0) {
-           self._deferreds.push(deferred);
-           return;
+       var IS_NOT_ARRAY_METHOD = Uint8ArrayPrototype.toString != arrayToString;
+
+       // `%TypedArray%.prototype.toString` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.tostring
+       exportTypedArrayMethod('toString', arrayToString, IS_NOT_ARRAY_METHOD);
+
+       var $$Z = _export;
+       var uncurryThis$v = functionUncurryThis;
+       var IndexedObject$1 = indexedObject;
+       var toIndexedObject$3 = toIndexedObject$d;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$5 = arrayMethodIsStrict$9;
+
+       var un$Join = uncurryThis$v([].join);
+
+       var ES3_STRINGS = IndexedObject$1 != Object;
+       var STRICT_METHOD$5 = arrayMethodIsStrict$5('join', ',');
+
+       // `Array.prototype.join` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.join
+       $$Z({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: ES3_STRINGS || !STRICT_METHOD$5 }, {
+         join: function join(separator) {
+           return un$Join(toIndexedObject$3(this), separator === undefined ? ',' : separator);
          }
-         self._handled = true;
-         Promise$1._immediateFn(function() {
-           var cb = self._state === 1 ? deferred.onFulfilled : deferred.onRejected;
-           if (cb === null) {
-             (self._state === 1 ? resolve : reject)(deferred.promise, self._value);
-             return;
-           }
-           var ret;
-           try {
-             ret = cb(self._value);
-           } catch (e) {
-             reject(deferred.promise, e);
-             return;
-           }
-           resolve(deferred.promise, ret);
+       });
+
+       var $$Y = _export;
+       var global$o = global$1o;
+       var isArray$4 = isArray$8;
+       var isConstructor$1 = isConstructor$4;
+       var isObject$e = isObject$s;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$2 = toAbsoluteIndex$9;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$6 = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
+       var toIndexedObject$2 = toIndexedObject$d;
+       var createProperty$3 = createProperty$5;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$8 = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+       var arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$3 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$5;
+       var un$Slice = arraySlice$b;
+
+       var HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$2 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$3('slice');
+
+       var SPECIES$1 = wellKnownSymbol$8('species');
+       var Array$2 = global$o.Array;
+       var max$3 = Math.max;
+
+       // `Array.prototype.slice` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.slice
+       // fallback for not array-like ES3 strings and DOM objects
+       $$Y({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$2 }, {
+         slice: function slice(start, end) {
+           var O = toIndexedObject$2(this);
+           var length = lengthOfArrayLike$6(O);
+           var k = toAbsoluteIndex$2(start, length);
+           var fin = toAbsoluteIndex$2(end === undefined ? length : end, length);
+           // inline `ArraySpeciesCreate` for usage native `Array#slice` where it's possible
+           var Constructor, result, n;
+           if (isArray$4(O)) {
+             Constructor = O.constructor;
+             // cross-realm fallback
+             if (isConstructor$1(Constructor) && (Constructor === Array$2 || isArray$4(Constructor.prototype))) {
+               Constructor = undefined;
+             } else if (isObject$e(Constructor)) {
+               Constructor = Constructor[SPECIES$1];
+               if (Constructor === null) Constructor = undefined;
+             }
+             if (Constructor === Array$2 || Constructor === undefined) {
+               return un$Slice(O, k, fin);
+             }
+           }
+           result = new (Constructor === undefined ? Array$2 : Constructor)(max$3(fin - k, 0));
+           for (n = 0; k < fin; k++, n++) if (k in O) createProperty$3(result, n, O[k]);
+           result.length = n;
+           return result;
+         }
+       });
+
+       var fails$t = fails$V;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$7 = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+       var IS_PURE = isPure;
+
+       var ITERATOR$3 = wellKnownSymbol$7('iterator');
+
+       var nativeUrl = !fails$t(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line unicorn/relative-url-style -- required for testing
+         var url = new URL('b?a=1&b=2&c=3', 'http://a');
+         var searchParams = url.searchParams;
+         var result = '';
+         url.pathname = 'c%20d';
+         searchParams.forEach(function (value, key) {
+           searchParams['delete']('b');
+           result += key + value;
          });
-       }
+         return (IS_PURE && !url.toJSON)
+           || !searchParams.sort
+           || url.href !== 'http://a/c%20d?a=1&c=3'
+           || searchParams.get('c') !== '3'
+           || String(new URLSearchParams('?a=1')) !== 'a=1'
+           || !searchParams[ITERATOR$3]
+           // throws in Edge
+           || new URL('https://a@b').username !== 'a'
+           || new URLSearchParams(new URLSearchParams('a=b')).get('a') !== 'b'
+           // not punycoded in Edge
+           || new URL('http://тест').host !== 'xn--e1aybc'
+           // not escaped in Chrome 62-
+           || new URL('http://a#б').hash !== '#%D0%B1'
+           // fails in Chrome 66-
+           || result !== 'a1c3'
+           // throws in Safari
+           || new URL('http://x', undefined).host !== 'x';
+       });
 
-       function resolve(self, newValue) {
+       // TODO: in core-js@4, move /modules/ dependencies to public entries for better optimization by tools like `preset-env`
+
+       var $$X = _export;
+       var global$n = global$1o;
+       var getBuiltIn$2 = getBuiltIn$b;
+       var call$9 = functionCall;
+       var uncurryThis$u = functionUncurryThis;
+       var USE_NATIVE_URL$1 = nativeUrl;
+       var redefine$7 = redefine$h.exports;
+       var redefineAll$1 = redefineAll$4;
+       var setToStringTag$4 = setToStringTag$a;
+       var createIteratorConstructor = createIteratorConstructor$2;
+       var InternalStateModule$2 = internalState;
+       var anInstance$3 = anInstance$7;
+       var isCallable$5 = isCallable$r;
+       var hasOwn$6 = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var bind$8 = functionBindContext;
+       var classof$3 = classof$d;
+       var anObject$9 = anObject$n;
+       var isObject$d = isObject$s;
+       var $toString$2 = toString$k;
+       var create$6 = objectCreate;
+       var createPropertyDescriptor = createPropertyDescriptor$7;
+       var getIterator$1 = getIterator$4;
+       var getIteratorMethod$1 = getIteratorMethod$5;
+       var validateArgumentsLength$2 = validateArgumentsLength$4;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$6 = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+       var arraySort = arraySort$1;
+
+       var ITERATOR$2 = wellKnownSymbol$6('iterator');
+       var URL_SEARCH_PARAMS = 'URLSearchParams';
+       var URL_SEARCH_PARAMS_ITERATOR = URL_SEARCH_PARAMS + 'Iterator';
+       var setInternalState$2 = InternalStateModule$2.set;
+       var getInternalParamsState = InternalStateModule$2.getterFor(URL_SEARCH_PARAMS);
+       var getInternalIteratorState = InternalStateModule$2.getterFor(URL_SEARCH_PARAMS_ITERATOR);
+
+       var n$Fetch = getBuiltIn$2('fetch');
+       var N$Request = getBuiltIn$2('Request');
+       var Headers$1 = getBuiltIn$2('Headers');
+       var RequestPrototype = N$Request && N$Request.prototype;
+       var HeadersPrototype = Headers$1 && Headers$1.prototype;
+       var RegExp$1 = global$n.RegExp;
+       var TypeError$8 = global$n.TypeError;
+       var decodeURIComponent$1 = global$n.decodeURIComponent;
+       var encodeURIComponent$1 = global$n.encodeURIComponent;
+       var charAt$5 = uncurryThis$u(''.charAt);
+       var join$4 = uncurryThis$u([].join);
+       var push$7 = uncurryThis$u([].push);
+       var replace$6 = uncurryThis$u(''.replace);
+       var shift$1 = uncurryThis$u([].shift);
+       var splice = uncurryThis$u([].splice);
+       var split$3 = uncurryThis$u(''.split);
+       var stringSlice$8 = uncurryThis$u(''.slice);
+
+       var plus = /\+/g;
+       var sequences = Array(4);
+
+       var percentSequence = function (bytes) {
+         return sequences[bytes - 1] || (sequences[bytes - 1] = RegExp$1('((?:%[\\da-f]{2}){' + bytes + '})', 'gi'));
+       };
+
+       var percentDecode = function (sequence) {
          try {
-           // Promise Resolution Procedure: https://github.com/promises-aplus/promises-spec#the-promise-resolution-procedure
-           if (newValue === self)
-             throw new TypeError('A promise cannot be resolved with itself.');
-           if (
-             newValue &&
-             (typeof newValue === 'object' || typeof newValue === 'function')
-           ) {
-             var then = newValue.then;
-             if (newValue instanceof Promise$1) {
-               self._state = 3;
-               self._value = newValue;
-               finale(self);
-               return;
-             } else if (typeof then === 'function') {
-               doResolve(bind$2(then, newValue), self);
-               return;
+           return decodeURIComponent$1(sequence);
+         } catch (error) {
+           return sequence;
+         }
+       };
+
+       var deserialize = function (it) {
+         var result = replace$6(it, plus, ' ');
+         var bytes = 4;
+         try {
+           return decodeURIComponent$1(result);
+         } catch (error) {
+           while (bytes) {
+             result = replace$6(result, percentSequence(bytes--), percentDecode);
+           }
+           return result;
+         }
+       };
+
+       var find$1 = /[!'()~]|%20/g;
+
+       var replacements = {
+         '!': '%21',
+         "'": '%27',
+         '(': '%28',
+         ')': '%29',
+         '~': '%7E',
+         '%20': '+'
+       };
+
+       var replacer = function (match) {
+         return replacements[match];
+       };
+
+       var serialize = function (it) {
+         return replace$6(encodeURIComponent$1(it), find$1, replacer);
+       };
+
+       var URLSearchParamsIterator = createIteratorConstructor(function Iterator(params, kind) {
+         setInternalState$2(this, {
+           type: URL_SEARCH_PARAMS_ITERATOR,
+           iterator: getIterator$1(getInternalParamsState(params).entries),
+           kind: kind
+         });
+       }, 'Iterator', function next() {
+         var state = getInternalIteratorState(this);
+         var kind = state.kind;
+         var step = state.iterator.next();
+         var entry = step.value;
+         if (!step.done) {
+           step.value = kind === 'keys' ? entry.key : kind === 'values' ? entry.value : [entry.key, entry.value];
+         } return step;
+       }, true);
+
+       var URLSearchParamsState = function (init) {
+         this.entries = [];
+         this.url = null;
+
+         if (init !== undefined) {
+           if (isObject$d(init)) this.parseObject(init);
+           else this.parseQuery(typeof init == 'string' ? charAt$5(init, 0) === '?' ? stringSlice$8(init, 1) : init : $toString$2(init));
+         }
+       };
+
+       URLSearchParamsState.prototype = {
+         type: URL_SEARCH_PARAMS,
+         bindURL: function (url) {
+           this.url = url;
+           this.update();
+         },
+         parseObject: function (object) {
+           var iteratorMethod = getIteratorMethod$1(object);
+           var iterator, next, step, entryIterator, entryNext, first, second;
+
+           if (iteratorMethod) {
+             iterator = getIterator$1(object, iteratorMethod);
+             next = iterator.next;
+             while (!(step = call$9(next, iterator)).done) {
+               entryIterator = getIterator$1(anObject$9(step.value));
+               entryNext = entryIterator.next;
+               if (
+                 (first = call$9(entryNext, entryIterator)).done ||
+                 (second = call$9(entryNext, entryIterator)).done ||
+                 !call$9(entryNext, entryIterator).done
+               ) throw TypeError$8('Expected sequence with length 2');
+               push$7(this.entries, { key: $toString$2(first.value), value: $toString$2(second.value) });
              }
+           } else for (var key in object) if (hasOwn$6(object, key)) {
+             push$7(this.entries, { key: key, value: $toString$2(object[key]) });
            }
-           self._state = 1;
-           self._value = newValue;
-           finale(self);
-         } catch (e) {
-           reject(self, e);
+         },
+         parseQuery: function (query) {
+           if (query) {
+             var attributes = split$3(query, '&');
+             var index = 0;
+             var attribute, entry;
+             while (index < attributes.length) {
+               attribute = attributes[index++];
+               if (attribute.length) {
+                 entry = split$3(attribute, '=');
+                 push$7(this.entries, {
+                   key: deserialize(shift$1(entry)),
+                   value: deserialize(join$4(entry, '='))
+                 });
+               }
+             }
+           }
+         },
+         serialize: function () {
+           var entries = this.entries;
+           var result = [];
+           var index = 0;
+           var entry;
+           while (index < entries.length) {
+             entry = entries[index++];
+             push$7(result, serialize(entry.key) + '=' + serialize(entry.value));
+           } return join$4(result, '&');
+         },
+         update: function () {
+           this.entries.length = 0;
+           this.parseQuery(this.url.query);
+         },
+         updateURL: function () {
+           if (this.url) this.url.update();
          }
-       }
+       };
 
-       function reject(self, newValue) {
-         self._state = 2;
-         self._value = newValue;
-         finale(self);
-       }
+       // `URLSearchParams` constructor
+       // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-urlsearchparams
+       var URLSearchParamsConstructor = function URLSearchParams(/* init */) {
+         anInstance$3(this, URLSearchParamsPrototype);
+         var init = arguments.length > 0 ? arguments[0] : undefined;
+         setInternalState$2(this, new URLSearchParamsState(init));
+       };
 
-       function finale(self) {
-         if (self._state === 2 && self._deferreds.length === 0) {
-           Promise$1._immediateFn(function() {
-             if (!self._handled) {
-               Promise$1._unhandledRejectionFn(self._value);
+       var URLSearchParamsPrototype = URLSearchParamsConstructor.prototype;
+
+       redefineAll$1(URLSearchParamsPrototype, {
+         // `URLSearchParams.prototype.append` method
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-urlsearchparams-append
+         append: function append(name, value) {
+           validateArgumentsLength$2(arguments.length, 2);
+           var state = getInternalParamsState(this);
+           push$7(state.entries, { key: $toString$2(name), value: $toString$2(value) });
+           state.updateURL();
+         },
+         // `URLSearchParams.prototype.delete` method
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-urlsearchparams-delete
+         'delete': function (name) {
+           validateArgumentsLength$2(arguments.length, 1);
+           var state = getInternalParamsState(this);
+           var entries = state.entries;
+           var key = $toString$2(name);
+           var index = 0;
+           while (index < entries.length) {
+             if (entries[index].key === key) splice(entries, index, 1);
+             else index++;
+           }
+           state.updateURL();
+         },
+         // `URLSearchParams.prototype.get` method
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-urlsearchparams-get
+         get: function get(name) {
+           validateArgumentsLength$2(arguments.length, 1);
+           var entries = getInternalParamsState(this).entries;
+           var key = $toString$2(name);
+           var index = 0;
+           for (; index < entries.length; index++) {
+             if (entries[index].key === key) return entries[index].value;
+           }
+           return null;
+         },
+         // `URLSearchParams.prototype.getAll` method
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-urlsearchparams-getall
+         getAll: function getAll(name) {
+           validateArgumentsLength$2(arguments.length, 1);
+           var entries = getInternalParamsState(this).entries;
+           var key = $toString$2(name);
+           var result = [];
+           var index = 0;
+           for (; index < entries.length; index++) {
+             if (entries[index].key === key) push$7(result, entries[index].value);
+           }
+           return result;
+         },
+         // `URLSearchParams.prototype.has` method
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-urlsearchparams-has
+         has: function has(name) {
+           validateArgumentsLength$2(arguments.length, 1);
+           var entries = getInternalParamsState(this).entries;
+           var key = $toString$2(name);
+           var index = 0;
+           while (index < entries.length) {
+             if (entries[index++].key === key) return true;
+           }
+           return false;
+         },
+         // `URLSearchParams.prototype.set` method
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-urlsearchparams-set
+         set: function set(name, value) {
+           validateArgumentsLength$2(arguments.length, 1);
+           var state = getInternalParamsState(this);
+           var entries = state.entries;
+           var found = false;
+           var key = $toString$2(name);
+           var val = $toString$2(value);
+           var index = 0;
+           var entry;
+           for (; index < entries.length; index++) {
+             entry = entries[index];
+             if (entry.key === key) {
+               if (found) splice(entries, index--, 1);
+               else {
+                 found = true;
+                 entry.value = val;
+               }
              }
+           }
+           if (!found) push$7(entries, { key: key, value: val });
+           state.updateURL();
+         },
+         // `URLSearchParams.prototype.sort` method
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-urlsearchparams-sort
+         sort: function sort() {
+           var state = getInternalParamsState(this);
+           arraySort(state.entries, function (a, b) {
+             return a.key > b.key ? 1 : -1;
            });
+           state.updateURL();
+         },
+         // `URLSearchParams.prototype.forEach` method
+         forEach: function forEach(callback /* , thisArg */) {
+           var entries = getInternalParamsState(this).entries;
+           var boundFunction = bind$8(callback, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+           var index = 0;
+           var entry;
+           while (index < entries.length) {
+             entry = entries[index++];
+             boundFunction(entry.value, entry.key, this);
+           }
+         },
+         // `URLSearchParams.prototype.keys` method
+         keys: function keys() {
+           return new URLSearchParamsIterator(this, 'keys');
+         },
+         // `URLSearchParams.prototype.values` method
+         values: function values() {
+           return new URLSearchParamsIterator(this, 'values');
+         },
+         // `URLSearchParams.prototype.entries` method
+         entries: function entries() {
+           return new URLSearchParamsIterator(this, 'entries');
          }
+       }, { enumerable: true });
 
-         for (var i = 0, len = self._deferreds.length; i < len; i++) {
-           handle(self, self._deferreds[i]);
-         }
-         self._deferreds = null;
-       }
+       // `URLSearchParams.prototype[@@iterator]` method
+       redefine$7(URLSearchParamsPrototype, ITERATOR$2, URLSearchParamsPrototype.entries, { name: 'entries' });
 
-       /**
-        * @constructor
-        */
-       function Handler(onFulfilled, onRejected, promise) {
-         this.onFulfilled = typeof onFulfilled === 'function' ? onFulfilled : null;
-         this.onRejected = typeof onRejected === 'function' ? onRejected : null;
-         this.promise = promise;
-       }
+       // `URLSearchParams.prototype.toString` method
+       // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#urlsearchparams-stringification-behavior
+       redefine$7(URLSearchParamsPrototype, 'toString', function toString() {
+         return getInternalParamsState(this).serialize();
+       }, { enumerable: true });
 
-       /**
-        * Take a potentially misbehaving resolver function and make sure
-        * onFulfilled and onRejected are only called once.
-        *
-        * Makes no guarantees about asynchrony.
-        */
-       function doResolve(fn, self) {
-         var done = false;
-         try {
-           fn(
-             function(value) {
-               if (done) return;
-               done = true;
-               resolve(self, value);
-             },
-             function(reason) {
-               if (done) return;
-               done = true;
-               reject(self, reason);
+       setToStringTag$4(URLSearchParamsConstructor, URL_SEARCH_PARAMS);
+
+       $$X({ global: true, forced: !USE_NATIVE_URL$1 }, {
+         URLSearchParams: URLSearchParamsConstructor
+       });
+
+       // Wrap `fetch` and `Request` for correct work with polyfilled `URLSearchParams`
+       if (!USE_NATIVE_URL$1 && isCallable$5(Headers$1)) {
+         var headersHas = uncurryThis$u(HeadersPrototype.has);
+         var headersSet = uncurryThis$u(HeadersPrototype.set);
+
+         var wrapRequestOptions = function (init) {
+           if (isObject$d(init)) {
+             var body = init.body;
+             var headers;
+             if (classof$3(body) === URL_SEARCH_PARAMS) {
+               headers = init.headers ? new Headers$1(init.headers) : new Headers$1();
+               if (!headersHas(headers, 'content-type')) {
+                 headersSet(headers, 'content-type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8');
+               }
+               return create$6(init, {
+                 body: createPropertyDescriptor(0, $toString$2(body)),
+                 headers: createPropertyDescriptor(0, headers)
+               });
              }
-           );
-         } catch (ex) {
-           if (done) return;
-           done = true;
-           reject(self, ex);
+           } return init;
+         };
+
+         if (isCallable$5(n$Fetch)) {
+           $$X({ global: true, enumerable: true, forced: true }, {
+             fetch: function fetch(input /* , init */) {
+               return n$Fetch(input, arguments.length > 1 ? wrapRequestOptions(arguments[1]) : {});
+             }
+           });
+         }
+
+         if (isCallable$5(N$Request)) {
+           var RequestConstructor = function Request(input /* , init */) {
+             anInstance$3(this, RequestPrototype);
+             return new N$Request(input, arguments.length > 1 ? wrapRequestOptions(arguments[1]) : {});
+           };
+
+           RequestPrototype.constructor = RequestConstructor;
+           RequestConstructor.prototype = RequestPrototype;
+
+           $$X({ global: true, forced: true }, {
+             Request: RequestConstructor
+           });
          }
        }
 
-       Promise$1.prototype['catch'] = function(onRejected) {
-         return this.then(null, onRejected);
+       var web_urlSearchParams = {
+         URLSearchParams: URLSearchParamsConstructor,
+         getState: getInternalParamsState
        };
 
-       Promise$1.prototype.then = function(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
-         // @ts-ignore
-         var prom = new this.constructor(noop$1);
+       var uncurryThis$t = functionUncurryThis;
+       var PROPER_FUNCTION_NAME$1 = functionName.PROPER;
+       var redefine$6 = redefine$h.exports;
+       var anObject$8 = anObject$n;
+       var isPrototypeOf$2 = objectIsPrototypeOf;
+       var $toString$1 = toString$k;
+       var fails$s = fails$V;
+       var regExpFlags$2 = regexpFlags$1;
 
-         handle(this, new Handler(onFulfilled, onRejected, prom));
-         return prom;
-       };
+       var TO_STRING = 'toString';
+       var RegExpPrototype$3 = RegExp.prototype;
+       var n$ToString = RegExpPrototype$3[TO_STRING];
+       var getFlags$1 = uncurryThis$t(regExpFlags$2);
 
-       Promise$1.prototype['finally'] = finallyConstructor;
+       var NOT_GENERIC = fails$s(function () { return n$ToString.call({ source: 'a', flags: 'b' }) != '/a/b'; });
+       // FF44- RegExp#toString has a wrong name
+       var INCORRECT_NAME = PROPER_FUNCTION_NAME$1 && n$ToString.name != TO_STRING;
 
-       Promise$1.all = function(arr) {
-         return new Promise$1(function(resolve, reject) {
-           if (!isArray$4(arr)) {
-             return reject(new TypeError('Promise.all accepts an array'));
-           }
+       // `RegExp.prototype.toString` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype.tostring
+       if (NOT_GENERIC || INCORRECT_NAME) {
+         redefine$6(RegExp.prototype, TO_STRING, function toString() {
+           var R = anObject$8(this);
+           var p = $toString$1(R.source);
+           var rf = R.flags;
+           var f = $toString$1(rf === undefined && isPrototypeOf$2(RegExpPrototype$3, R) && !('flags' in RegExpPrototype$3) ? getFlags$1(R) : rf);
+           return '/' + p + '/' + f;
+         }, { unsafe: true });
+       }
 
-           var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arr);
-           if (args.length === 0) return resolve([]);
-           var remaining = args.length;
+       // TODO: Remove from `core-js@4` since it's moved to entry points
 
-           function res(i, val) {
-             try {
-               if (val && (typeof val === 'object' || typeof val === 'function')) {
-                 var then = val.then;
-                 if (typeof then === 'function') {
-                   then.call(
-                     val,
-                     function(val) {
-                       res(i, val);
-                     },
-                     reject
-                   );
-                   return;
-                 }
-               }
-               args[i] = val;
-               if (--remaining === 0) {
-                 resolve(args);
-               }
-             } catch (ex) {
-               reject(ex);
-             }
-           }
+       var uncurryThis$s = functionUncurryThis;
+       var redefine$5 = redefine$h.exports;
+       var regexpExec$2 = regexpExec$3;
+       var fails$r = fails$V;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$5 = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty$1 = createNonEnumerableProperty$b;
+
+       var SPECIES = wellKnownSymbol$5('species');
+       var RegExpPrototype$2 = RegExp.prototype;
+
+       var fixRegexpWellKnownSymbolLogic = function (KEY, exec, FORCED, SHAM) {
+         var SYMBOL = wellKnownSymbol$5(KEY);
+
+         var DELEGATES_TO_SYMBOL = !fails$r(function () {
+           // String methods call symbol-named RegEp methods
+           var O = {};
+           O[SYMBOL] = function () { return 7; };
+           return ''[KEY](O) != 7;
+         });
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
-             res(i, args[i]);
+         var DELEGATES_TO_EXEC = DELEGATES_TO_SYMBOL && !fails$r(function () {
+           // Symbol-named RegExp methods call .exec
+           var execCalled = false;
+           var re = /a/;
+
+           if (KEY === 'split') {
+             // We can't use real regex here since it causes deoptimization
+             // and serious performance degradation in V8
+             // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/306
+             re = {};
+             // RegExp[@@split] doesn't call the regex's exec method, but first creates
+             // a new one. We need to return the patched regex when creating the new one.
+             re.constructor = {};
+             re.constructor[SPECIES] = function () { return re; };
+             re.flags = '';
+             re[SYMBOL] = /./[SYMBOL];
            }
+
+           re.exec = function () { execCalled = true; return null; };
+
+           re[SYMBOL]('');
+           return !execCalled;
          });
-       };
 
-       Promise$1.resolve = function(value) {
-         if (value && typeof value === 'object' && value.constructor === Promise$1) {
-           return value;
+         if (
+           !DELEGATES_TO_SYMBOL ||
+           !DELEGATES_TO_EXEC ||
+           FORCED
+         ) {
+           var uncurriedNativeRegExpMethod = uncurryThis$s(/./[SYMBOL]);
+           var methods = exec(SYMBOL, ''[KEY], function (nativeMethod, regexp, str, arg2, forceStringMethod) {
+             var uncurriedNativeMethod = uncurryThis$s(nativeMethod);
+             var $exec = regexp.exec;
+             if ($exec === regexpExec$2 || $exec === RegExpPrototype$2.exec) {
+               if (DELEGATES_TO_SYMBOL && !forceStringMethod) {
+                 // The native String method already delegates to @@method (this
+                 // polyfilled function), leasing to infinite recursion.
+                 // We avoid it by directly calling the native @@method method.
+                 return { done: true, value: uncurriedNativeRegExpMethod(regexp, str, arg2) };
+               }
+               return { done: true, value: uncurriedNativeMethod(str, regexp, arg2) };
+             }
+             return { done: false };
+           });
+
+           redefine$5(String.prototype, KEY, methods[0]);
+           redefine$5(RegExpPrototype$2, SYMBOL, methods[1]);
          }
 
-         return new Promise$1(function(resolve) {
-           resolve(value);
-         });
+         if (SHAM) createNonEnumerableProperty$1(RegExpPrototype$2[SYMBOL], 'sham', true);
        };
 
-       Promise$1.reject = function(value) {
-         return new Promise$1(function(resolve, reject) {
-           reject(value);
-         });
+       var charAt$4 = stringMultibyte.charAt;
+
+       // `AdvanceStringIndex` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-advancestringindex
+       var advanceStringIndex$3 = function (S, index, unicode) {
+         return index + (unicode ? charAt$4(S, index).length : 1);
        };
 
-       Promise$1.race = function(arr) {
-         return new Promise$1(function(resolve, reject) {
-           if (!isArray$4(arr)) {
-             return reject(new TypeError('Promise.race accepts an array'));
-           }
+       var uncurryThis$r = functionUncurryThis;
+       var toObject$9 = toObject$i;
+
+       var floor$3 = Math.floor;
+       var charAt$3 = uncurryThis$r(''.charAt);
+       var replace$5 = uncurryThis$r(''.replace);
+       var stringSlice$7 = uncurryThis$r(''.slice);
+       var SUBSTITUTION_SYMBOLS = /\$([$&'`]|\d{1,2}|<[^>]*>)/g;
+       var SUBSTITUTION_SYMBOLS_NO_NAMED = /\$([$&'`]|\d{1,2})/g;
 
-           for (var i = 0, len = arr.length; i < len; i++) {
-             Promise$1.resolve(arr[i]).then(resolve, reject);
+       // `GetSubstitution` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-getsubstitution
+       var getSubstitution$1 = function (matched, str, position, captures, namedCaptures, replacement) {
+         var tailPos = position + matched.length;
+         var m = captures.length;
+         var symbols = SUBSTITUTION_SYMBOLS_NO_NAMED;
+         if (namedCaptures !== undefined) {
+           namedCaptures = toObject$9(namedCaptures);
+           symbols = SUBSTITUTION_SYMBOLS;
+         }
+         return replace$5(replacement, symbols, function (match, ch) {
+           var capture;
+           switch (charAt$3(ch, 0)) {
+             case '$': return '$';
+             case '&': return matched;
+             case '`': return stringSlice$7(str, 0, position);
+             case "'": return stringSlice$7(str, tailPos);
+             case '<':
+               capture = namedCaptures[stringSlice$7(ch, 1, -1)];
+               break;
+             default: // \d\d?
+               var n = +ch;
+               if (n === 0) return match;
+               if (n > m) {
+                 var f = floor$3(n / 10);
+                 if (f === 0) return match;
+                 if (f <= m) return captures[f - 1] === undefined ? charAt$3(ch, 1) : captures[f - 1] + charAt$3(ch, 1);
+                 return match;
+               }
+               capture = captures[n - 1];
            }
+           return capture === undefined ? '' : capture;
          });
        };
 
-       // Use polyfill for setImmediate for performance gains
-       Promise$1._immediateFn =
-         // @ts-ignore
-         (typeof setImmediate === 'function' &&
-           function(fn) {
-             // @ts-ignore
-             setImmediate(fn);
-           }) ||
-         function(fn) {
-           setTimeoutFunc(fn, 0);
-         };
+       var global$m = global$1o;
+       var call$8 = functionCall;
+       var anObject$7 = anObject$n;
+       var isCallable$4 = isCallable$r;
+       var classof$2 = classofRaw$1;
+       var regexpExec$1 = regexpExec$3;
 
-       Promise$1._unhandledRejectionFn = function _unhandledRejectionFn(err) {
-         if (typeof console !== 'undefined' && console) {
-           console.warn('Possible Unhandled Promise Rejection:', err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
-         }
-       };
+       var TypeError$7 = global$m.TypeError;
 
-       /** @suppress {undefinedVars} */
-       var globalNS = (function() {
-         // the only reliable means to get the global object is
-         // `Function('return this')()`
-         // However, this causes CSP violations in Chrome apps.
-         if (typeof self !== 'undefined') {
-           return self;
-         }
-         if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
-           return window;
-         }
-         if (typeof global !== 'undefined') {
-           return global;
+       // `RegExpExec` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexpexec
+       var regexpExecAbstract = function (R, S) {
+         var exec = R.exec;
+         if (isCallable$4(exec)) {
+           var result = call$8(exec, R, S);
+           if (result !== null) anObject$7(result);
+           return result;
          }
-         throw new Error('unable to locate global object');
+         if (classof$2(R) === 'RegExp') return call$8(regexpExec$1, R, S);
+         throw TypeError$7('RegExp#exec called on incompatible receiver');
+       };
+
+       var apply$3 = functionApply;
+       var call$7 = functionCall;
+       var uncurryThis$q = functionUncurryThis;
+       var fixRegExpWellKnownSymbolLogic$3 = fixRegexpWellKnownSymbolLogic;
+       var fails$q = fails$V;
+       var anObject$6 = anObject$n;
+       var isCallable$3 = isCallable$r;
+       var toIntegerOrInfinity$3 = toIntegerOrInfinity$b;
+       var toLength$5 = toLength$c;
+       var toString$f = toString$k;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$a = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var advanceStringIndex$2 = advanceStringIndex$3;
+       var getMethod$3 = getMethod$7;
+       var getSubstitution = getSubstitution$1;
+       var regExpExec$3 = regexpExecAbstract;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$4 = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+
+       var REPLACE = wellKnownSymbol$4('replace');
+       var max$2 = Math.max;
+       var min$5 = Math.min;
+       var concat$2 = uncurryThis$q([].concat);
+       var push$6 = uncurryThis$q([].push);
+       var stringIndexOf$2 = uncurryThis$q(''.indexOf);
+       var stringSlice$6 = uncurryThis$q(''.slice);
+
+       var maybeToString = function (it) {
+         return it === undefined ? it : String(it);
+       };
+
+       // IE <= 11 replaces $0 with the whole match, as if it was $&
+       // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6024666/getting-ie-to-replace-a-regex-with-the-literal-string-0
+       var REPLACE_KEEPS_$0 = (function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line regexp/prefer-escape-replacement-dollar-char -- required for testing
+         return 'a'.replace(/./, '$0') === '$0';
        })();
 
-       if (!('Promise' in globalNS)) {
-         globalNS['Promise'] = Promise$1;
-       } else if (!globalNS.Promise.prototype['finally']) {
-         globalNS.Promise.prototype['finally'] = finallyConstructor;
-       }
-
-       var polyfill$e = /*#__PURE__*/Object.freeze({
-               __proto__: null
-       });
+       // Safari <= 13.0.3(?) substitutes nth capture where n>m with an empty string
+       var REGEXP_REPLACE_SUBSTITUTES_UNDEFINED_CAPTURE = (function () {
+         if (/./[REPLACE]) {
+           return /./[REPLACE]('a', '$0') === '';
+         }
+         return false;
+       })();
 
-       var setAsap = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
-       (function (thisVar, undefined$1) {
-               var main = (typeof window === 'object' && window) || (typeof commonjsGlobal === 'object' && commonjsGlobal) ||
-                       typeof self === 'object' && self || thisVar;
-
-               var hasSetImmediate = typeof setImmediate === 'function';
-               var hasNextTick = typeof process === 'object' && !!process && typeof process.nextTick === 'function';
-               var index = 0;
-
-               function getNewIndex() {
-                       if (index === 9007199254740991) {
-                               return 0;
-                       }
-                       return ++index;
-               }
-
-               var setAsap = (function () {
-                       var hiddenDiv, scriptEl, timeoutFn, callbacks;
-
-                       // Modern browsers, fastest async
-                       if (main.MutationObserver) {
-                               return function setAsap(callback) {
-                                       hiddenDiv = document.createElement("div");
-                                       (new MutationObserver(function() {
-                                               callback();
-                                               hiddenDiv = null;
-                                       })).observe(hiddenDiv, { attributes: true });
-                                       hiddenDiv.setAttribute('i', '1');
-                               };
-
-                       // Browsers that support postMessage
-                       } else if (!hasSetImmediate && main.postMessage && !main.importScripts && main.addEventListener) {
-
-                               var MESSAGE_PREFIX = "com.setImmediate" + Math.random();
-                               callbacks = {};
-
-                               var onGlobalMessage = function (event) {
-                                       if (event.source === main && event.data.indexOf(MESSAGE_PREFIX) === 0) {
-                                               var i = +event.data.split(':')[1];
-                                               callbacks[i]();
-                                               delete callbacks[i];
-                                       }
-                               };
-
-                               main.addEventListener("message", onGlobalMessage, false);
-
-                               return function setAsap(callback) {
-                                       var i = getNewIndex();
-                                       callbacks[i] = callback;
-                                       main.postMessage(MESSAGE_PREFIX + ':' + i, "*");
-                               };
-
-                               // IE browsers without postMessage
-                       } else if (!hasSetImmediate && main.document && 'onreadystatechange' in document.createElement('script')) {
-
-                               return function setAsap(callback) {
-                                       scriptEl = document.createElement("script");
-                                       scriptEl.onreadystatechange = function onreadystatechange() {
-                                               scriptEl.onreadystatechange = null;
-                                               scriptEl.parentNode.removeChild(scriptEl);
-                                               scriptEl = null;
-                                               callback();
-                                       };
-                                       document.body.appendChild(scriptEl);
-                               };
-
-                       // All other browsers and node
-                       } else {
-
-                               timeoutFn = (hasSetImmediate && setImmediate) || (hasNextTick && process.nextTick) || setTimeout;
-                               return function setAsap(callback) {
-                                       timeoutFn(callback);
-                               };
-                       }
-
-               })();
-
-               if ( module.exports) {
-                       module.exports = setAsap;
-               } else if (typeof commonjsRequire !== 'undefined' && commonjsRequire.amd) {
-                       undefined$1(function () {
-                               return setAsap;
-                       });
-               } else {
-                       main.setAsap = setAsap;
-               }
-       })(commonjsGlobal);
+       var REPLACE_SUPPORTS_NAMED_GROUPS = !fails$q(function () {
+         var re = /./;
+         re.exec = function () {
+           var result = [];
+           result.groups = { a: '7' };
+           return result;
+         };
+         // eslint-disable-next-line regexp/no-useless-dollar-replacements -- false positive
+         return ''.replace(re, '$<a>') !== '7';
        });
 
-       var performanceNow = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
-       // Generated by CoffeeScript 1.12.2
-       (function() {
-         var getNanoSeconds, hrtime, loadTime, moduleLoadTime, nodeLoadTime, upTime;
-
-         if ((typeof performance !== "undefined" && performance !== null) && performance.now) {
-           module.exports = function() {
-             return performance.now();
-           };
-         } else if ((typeof process !== "undefined" && process !== null) && process.hrtime) {
-           module.exports = function() {
-             return (getNanoSeconds() - nodeLoadTime) / 1e6;
-           };
-           hrtime = process.hrtime;
-           getNanoSeconds = function() {
-             var hr;
-             hr = hrtime();
-             return hr[0] * 1e9 + hr[1];
-           };
-           moduleLoadTime = getNanoSeconds();
-           upTime = process.uptime() * 1e9;
-           nodeLoadTime = moduleLoadTime - upTime;
-         } else if (Date.now) {
-           module.exports = function() {
-             return Date.now() - loadTime;
-           };
-           loadTime = Date.now();
-         } else {
-           module.exports = function() {
-             return new Date().getTime() - loadTime;
-           };
-           loadTime = new Date().getTime();
-         }
-
-       }).call(commonjsGlobal);
+       // @@replace logic
+       fixRegExpWellKnownSymbolLogic$3('replace', function (_, nativeReplace, maybeCallNative) {
+         var UNSAFE_SUBSTITUTE = REGEXP_REPLACE_SUBSTITUTES_UNDEFINED_CAPTURE ? '$' : '$0';
 
+         return [
+           // `String.prototype.replace` method
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.replace
+           function replace(searchValue, replaceValue) {
+             var O = requireObjectCoercible$a(this);
+             var replacer = searchValue == undefined ? undefined : getMethod$3(searchValue, REPLACE);
+             return replacer
+               ? call$7(replacer, searchValue, O, replaceValue)
+               : call$7(nativeReplace, toString$f(O), searchValue, replaceValue);
+           },
+           // `RegExp.prototype[@@replace]` method
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype-@@replace
+           function (string, replaceValue) {
+             var rx = anObject$6(this);
+             var S = toString$f(string);
 
+             if (
+               typeof replaceValue == 'string' &&
+               stringIndexOf$2(replaceValue, UNSAFE_SUBSTITUTE) === -1 &&
+               stringIndexOf$2(replaceValue, '$<') === -1
+             ) {
+               var res = maybeCallNative(nativeReplace, rx, S, replaceValue);
+               if (res.done) return res.value;
+             }
+
+             var functionalReplace = isCallable$3(replaceValue);
+             if (!functionalReplace) replaceValue = toString$f(replaceValue);
+
+             var global = rx.global;
+             if (global) {
+               var fullUnicode = rx.unicode;
+               rx.lastIndex = 0;
+             }
+             var results = [];
+             while (true) {
+               var result = regExpExec$3(rx, S);
+               if (result === null) break;
+
+               push$6(results, result);
+               if (!global) break;
+
+               var matchStr = toString$f(result[0]);
+               if (matchStr === '') rx.lastIndex = advanceStringIndex$2(S, toLength$5(rx.lastIndex), fullUnicode);
+             }
+
+             var accumulatedResult = '';
+             var nextSourcePosition = 0;
+             for (var i = 0; i < results.length; i++) {
+               result = results[i];
+
+               var matched = toString$f(result[0]);
+               var position = max$2(min$5(toIntegerOrInfinity$3(result.index), S.length), 0);
+               var captures = [];
+               // NOTE: This is equivalent to
+               //   captures = result.slice(1).map(maybeToString)
+               // but for some reason `nativeSlice.call(result, 1, result.length)` (called in
+               // the slice polyfill when slicing native arrays) "doesn't work" in safari 9 and
+               // causes a crash (https://pastebin.com/N21QzeQA) when trying to debug it.
+               for (var j = 1; j < result.length; j++) push$6(captures, maybeToString(result[j]));
+               var namedCaptures = result.groups;
+               if (functionalReplace) {
+                 var replacerArgs = concat$2([matched], captures, position, S);
+                 if (namedCaptures !== undefined) push$6(replacerArgs, namedCaptures);
+                 var replacement = toString$f(apply$3(replaceValue, undefined, replacerArgs));
+               } else {
+                 replacement = getSubstitution(matched, S, position, captures, namedCaptures, replaceValue);
+               }
+               if (position >= nextSourcePosition) {
+                 accumulatedResult += stringSlice$6(S, nextSourcePosition, position) + replacement;
+                 nextSourcePosition = position + matched.length;
+               }
+             }
+             return accumulatedResult + stringSlice$6(S, nextSourcePosition);
+           }
+         ];
+       }, !REPLACE_SUPPORTS_NAMED_GROUPS || !REPLACE_KEEPS_$0 || REGEXP_REPLACE_SUBSTITUTES_UNDEFINED_CAPTURE);
+
+       var isObject$c = isObject$s;
+       var classof$1 = classofRaw$1;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$3 = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+
+       var MATCH$2 = wellKnownSymbol$3('match');
+
+       // `IsRegExp` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-isregexp
+       var isRegexp = function (it) {
+         var isRegExp;
+         return isObject$c(it) && ((isRegExp = it[MATCH$2]) !== undefined ? !!isRegExp : classof$1(it) == 'RegExp');
+       };
+
+       var apply$2 = functionApply;
+       var call$6 = functionCall;
+       var uncurryThis$p = functionUncurryThis;
+       var fixRegExpWellKnownSymbolLogic$2 = fixRegexpWellKnownSymbolLogic;
+       var isRegExp$2 = isRegexp;
+       var anObject$5 = anObject$n;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$9 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var speciesConstructor$1 = speciesConstructor$5;
+       var advanceStringIndex$1 = advanceStringIndex$3;
+       var toLength$4 = toLength$c;
+       var toString$e = toString$k;
+       var getMethod$2 = getMethod$7;
+       var arraySlice$4 = arraySliceSimple;
+       var callRegExpExec = regexpExecAbstract;
+       var regexpExec = regexpExec$3;
+       var stickyHelpers$1 = regexpStickyHelpers;
+       var fails$p = fails$V;
+
+       var UNSUPPORTED_Y$1 = stickyHelpers$1.UNSUPPORTED_Y;
+       var MAX_UINT32 = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+       var min$4 = Math.min;
+       var $push = [].push;
+       var exec$4 = uncurryThis$p(/./.exec);
+       var push$5 = uncurryThis$p($push);
+       var stringSlice$5 = uncurryThis$p(''.slice);
+
+       // Chrome 51 has a buggy "split" implementation when RegExp#exec !== nativeExec
+       // Weex JS has frozen built-in prototypes, so use try / catch wrapper
+       var SPLIT_WORKS_WITH_OVERWRITTEN_EXEC = !fails$p(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line regexp/no-empty-group -- required for testing
+         var re = /(?:)/;
+         var originalExec = re.exec;
+         re.exec = function () { return originalExec.apply(this, arguments); };
+         var result = 'ab'.split(re);
+         return result.length !== 2 || result[0] !== 'a' || result[1] !== 'b';
        });
 
-       var root = typeof window === 'undefined' ? commonjsGlobal : window
-         , vendors = ['moz', 'webkit']
-         , suffix = 'AnimationFrame'
-         , raf = root['request' + suffix]
-         , caf = root['cancel' + suffix] || root['cancelRequest' + suffix];
-
-       for(var i = 0; !raf && i < vendors.length; i++) {
-         raf = root[vendors[i] + 'Request' + suffix];
-         caf = root[vendors[i] + 'Cancel' + suffix]
-             || root[vendors[i] + 'CancelRequest' + suffix];
-       }
-
-       // Some versions of FF have rAF but not cAF
-       if(!raf || !caf) {
-         var last = 0
-           , id$2 = 0
-           , queue = []
-           , frameDuration = 1000 / 60;
-
-         raf = function(callback) {
-           if(queue.length === 0) {
-             var _now = performanceNow()
-               , next = Math.max(0, frameDuration - (_now - last));
-             last = next + _now;
-             setTimeout(function() {
-               var cp = queue.slice(0);
-               // Clear queue here to prevent
-               // callbacks from appending listeners
-               // to the current frame's queue
-               queue.length = 0;
-               for(var i = 0; i < cp.length; i++) {
-                 if(!cp[i].cancelled) {
-                   try{
-                     cp[i].callback(last);
-                   } catch(e) {
-                     setTimeout(function() { throw e }, 0);
-                   }
+       // @@split logic
+       fixRegExpWellKnownSymbolLogic$2('split', function (SPLIT, nativeSplit, maybeCallNative) {
+         var internalSplit;
+         if (
+           'abbc'.split(/(b)*/)[1] == 'c' ||
+           // eslint-disable-next-line regexp/no-empty-group -- required for testing
+           'test'.split(/(?:)/, -1).length != 4 ||
+           'ab'.split(/(?:ab)*/).length != 2 ||
+           '.'.split(/(.?)(.?)/).length != 4 ||
+           // eslint-disable-next-line regexp/no-empty-capturing-group, regexp/no-empty-group -- required for testing
+           '.'.split(/()()/).length > 1 ||
+           ''.split(/.?/).length
+         ) {
+           // based on es5-shim implementation, need to rework it
+           internalSplit = function (separator, limit) {
+             var string = toString$e(requireObjectCoercible$9(this));
+             var lim = limit === undefined ? MAX_UINT32 : limit >>> 0;
+             if (lim === 0) return [];
+             if (separator === undefined) return [string];
+             // If `separator` is not a regex, use native split
+             if (!isRegExp$2(separator)) {
+               return call$6(nativeSplit, string, separator, lim);
+             }
+             var output = [];
+             var flags = (separator.ignoreCase ? 'i' : '') +
+                         (separator.multiline ? 'm' : '') +
+                         (separator.unicode ? 'u' : '') +
+                         (separator.sticky ? 'y' : '');
+             var lastLastIndex = 0;
+             // Make `global` and avoid `lastIndex` issues by working with a copy
+             var separatorCopy = new RegExp(separator.source, flags + 'g');
+             var match, lastIndex, lastLength;
+             while (match = call$6(regexpExec, separatorCopy, string)) {
+               lastIndex = separatorCopy.lastIndex;
+               if (lastIndex > lastLastIndex) {
+                 push$5(output, stringSlice$5(string, lastLastIndex, match.index));
+                 if (match.length > 1 && match.index < string.length) apply$2($push, output, arraySlice$4(match, 1));
+                 lastLength = match[0].length;
+                 lastLastIndex = lastIndex;
+                 if (output.length >= lim) break;
+               }
+               if (separatorCopy.lastIndex === match.index) separatorCopy.lastIndex++; // Avoid an infinite loop
+             }
+             if (lastLastIndex === string.length) {
+               if (lastLength || !exec$4(separatorCopy, '')) push$5(output, '');
+             } else push$5(output, stringSlice$5(string, lastLastIndex));
+             return output.length > lim ? arraySlice$4(output, 0, lim) : output;
+           };
+         // Chakra, V8
+         } else if ('0'.split(undefined, 0).length) {
+           internalSplit = function (separator, limit) {
+             return separator === undefined && limit === 0 ? [] : call$6(nativeSplit, this, separator, limit);
+           };
+         } else internalSplit = nativeSplit;
+
+         return [
+           // `String.prototype.split` method
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.split
+           function split(separator, limit) {
+             var O = requireObjectCoercible$9(this);
+             var splitter = separator == undefined ? undefined : getMethod$2(separator, SPLIT);
+             return splitter
+               ? call$6(splitter, separator, O, limit)
+               : call$6(internalSplit, toString$e(O), separator, limit);
+           },
+           // `RegExp.prototype[@@split]` method
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype-@@split
+           //
+           // NOTE: This cannot be properly polyfilled in engines that don't support
+           // the 'y' flag.
+           function (string, limit) {
+             var rx = anObject$5(this);
+             var S = toString$e(string);
+             var res = maybeCallNative(internalSplit, rx, S, limit, internalSplit !== nativeSplit);
+
+             if (res.done) return res.value;
+
+             var C = speciesConstructor$1(rx, RegExp);
+
+             var unicodeMatching = rx.unicode;
+             var flags = (rx.ignoreCase ? 'i' : '') +
+                         (rx.multiline ? 'm' : '') +
+                         (rx.unicode ? 'u' : '') +
+                         (UNSUPPORTED_Y$1 ? 'g' : 'y');
+
+             // ^(? + rx + ) is needed, in combination with some S slicing, to
+             // simulate the 'y' flag.
+             var splitter = new C(UNSUPPORTED_Y$1 ? '^(?:' + rx.source + ')' : rx, flags);
+             var lim = limit === undefined ? MAX_UINT32 : limit >>> 0;
+             if (lim === 0) return [];
+             if (S.length === 0) return callRegExpExec(splitter, S) === null ? [S] : [];
+             var p = 0;
+             var q = 0;
+             var A = [];
+             while (q < S.length) {
+               splitter.lastIndex = UNSUPPORTED_Y$1 ? 0 : q;
+               var z = callRegExpExec(splitter, UNSUPPORTED_Y$1 ? stringSlice$5(S, q) : S);
+               var e;
+               if (
+                 z === null ||
+                 (e = min$4(toLength$4(splitter.lastIndex + (UNSUPPORTED_Y$1 ? q : 0)), S.length)) === p
+               ) {
+                 q = advanceStringIndex$1(S, q, unicodeMatching);
+               } else {
+                 push$5(A, stringSlice$5(S, p, q));
+                 if (A.length === lim) return A;
+                 for (var i = 1; i <= z.length - 1; i++) {
+                   push$5(A, z[i]);
+                   if (A.length === lim) return A;
                  }
+                 q = p = e;
                }
-             }, Math.round(next));
+             }
+             push$5(A, stringSlice$5(S, p));
+             return A;
            }
-           queue.push({
-             handle: ++id$2,
-             callback: callback,
-             cancelled: false
-           });
-           return id$2
-         };
+         ];
+       }, !SPLIT_WORKS_WITH_OVERWRITTEN_EXEC, UNSUPPORTED_Y$1);
+
+       // a string of all valid unicode whitespaces
+       var whitespaces$4 = '\u0009\u000A\u000B\u000C\u000D\u0020\u00A0\u1680\u2000\u2001\u2002' +
+         '\u2003\u2004\u2005\u2006\u2007\u2008\u2009\u200A\u202F\u205F\u3000\u2028\u2029\uFEFF';
+
+       var uncurryThis$o = functionUncurryThis;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$8 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var toString$d = toString$k;
+       var whitespaces$3 = whitespaces$4;
+
+       var replace$4 = uncurryThis$o(''.replace);
+       var whitespace = '[' + whitespaces$3 + ']';
+       var ltrim = RegExp('^' + whitespace + whitespace + '*');
+       var rtrim$2 = RegExp(whitespace + whitespace + '*$');
+
+       // `String.prototype.{ trim, trimStart, trimEnd, trimLeft, trimRight }` methods implementation
+       var createMethod$2 = function (TYPE) {
+         return function ($this) {
+           var string = toString$d(requireObjectCoercible$8($this));
+           if (TYPE & 1) string = replace$4(string, ltrim, '');
+           if (TYPE & 2) string = replace$4(string, rtrim$2, '');
+           return string;
+         };
+       };
+
+       var stringTrim = {
+         // `String.prototype.{ trimLeft, trimStart }` methods
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.trimstart
+         start: createMethod$2(1),
+         // `String.prototype.{ trimRight, trimEnd }` methods
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.trimend
+         end: createMethod$2(2),
+         // `String.prototype.trim` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.trim
+         trim: createMethod$2(3)
+       };
+
+       var PROPER_FUNCTION_NAME = functionName.PROPER;
+       var fails$o = fails$V;
+       var whitespaces$2 = whitespaces$4;
+
+       var non = '\u200B\u0085\u180E';
+
+       // check that a method works with the correct list
+       // of whitespaces and has a correct name
+       var stringTrimForced = function (METHOD_NAME) {
+         return fails$o(function () {
+           return !!whitespaces$2[METHOD_NAME]()
+             || non[METHOD_NAME]() !== non
+             || (PROPER_FUNCTION_NAME && whitespaces$2[METHOD_NAME].name !== METHOD_NAME);
+         });
+       };
+
+       var $$W = _export;
+       var $trim = stringTrim.trim;
+       var forcedStringTrimMethod$2 = stringTrimForced;
+
+       // `String.prototype.trim` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.trim
+       $$W({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: forcedStringTrimMethod$2('trim') }, {
+         trim: function trim() {
+           return $trim(this);
+         }
+       });
 
-         caf = function(handle) {
-           for(var i = 0; i < queue.length; i++) {
-             if(queue[i].handle === handle) {
-               queue[i].cancelled = true;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$b = descriptors;
+       var FUNCTION_NAME_EXISTS = functionName.EXISTS;
+       var uncurryThis$n = functionUncurryThis;
+       var defineProperty$6 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+
+       var FunctionPrototype = Function.prototype;
+       var functionToString = uncurryThis$n(FunctionPrototype.toString);
+       var nameRE = /function\b(?:\s|\/\*[\S\s]*?\*\/|\/\/[^\n\r]*[\n\r]+)*([^\s(/]*)/;
+       var regExpExec$2 = uncurryThis$n(nameRE.exec);
+       var NAME = 'name';
+
+       // Function instances `.name` property
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-function-instances-name
+       if (DESCRIPTORS$b && !FUNCTION_NAME_EXISTS) {
+         defineProperty$6(FunctionPrototype, NAME, {
+           configurable: true,
+           get: function () {
+             try {
+               return regExpExec$2(nameRE, functionToString(this))[1];
+             } catch (error) {
+               return '';
              }
            }
-         };
+         });
        }
 
-       var raf_1 = function(fn) {
-         // Wrap in a new function to prevent
-         // `cancel` potentially being assigned
-         // to the native rAF function
-         return raf.call(root, fn)
-       };
-       var cancel = function() {
-         caf.apply(root, arguments);
-       };
-       var polyfill$f = function(object) {
-         if (!object) {
-           object = root;
-         }
-         object.requestAnimationFrame = raf;
-         object.cancelAnimationFrame = caf;
-       };
-       raf_1.cancel = cancel;
-       raf_1.polyfill = polyfill$f;
+       var $$V = _export;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$a = descriptors;
+       var create$5 = objectCreate;
+
+       // `Object.create` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.create
+       $$V({ target: 'Object', stat: true, sham: !DESCRIPTORS$a }, {
+         create: create$5
+       });
+
+       var $$U = _export;
+       var global$l = global$1o;
+       var apply$1 = functionApply;
+       var isCallable$2 = isCallable$r;
+       var userAgent$1 = engineUserAgent;
+       var arraySlice$3 = arraySlice$b;
+       var validateArgumentsLength$1 = validateArgumentsLength$4;
+
+       var MSIE = /MSIE .\./.test(userAgent$1); // <- dirty ie9- check
+       var Function$2 = global$l.Function;
+
+       var wrap$1 = function (scheduler) {
+         return function (handler, timeout /* , ...arguments */) {
+           var boundArgs = validateArgumentsLength$1(arguments.length, 1) > 2;
+           var fn = isCallable$2(handler) ? handler : Function$2(handler);
+           var args = boundArgs ? arraySlice$3(arguments, 2) : undefined;
+           return scheduler(boundArgs ? function () {
+             apply$1(fn, this, args);
+           } : fn, timeout);
+         };
+       };
+
+       // ie9- setTimeout & setInterval additional parameters fix
+       // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/timers-and-user-prompts.html#timers
+       $$U({ global: true, bind: true, forced: MSIE }, {
+         // `setTimeout` method
+         // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/timers-and-user-prompts.html#dom-settimeout
+         setTimeout: wrap$1(global$l.setTimeout),
+         // `setInterval` method
+         // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/timers-and-user-prompts.html#dom-setinterval
+         setInterval: wrap$1(global$l.setInterval)
+       });
 
-       var global$1 = (function(self) {
-         return self
-         // eslint-disable-next-line no-invalid-this
-       })(typeof self !== 'undefined' ? self : undefined);
+       var global$k = typeof globalThis !== 'undefined' && globalThis || typeof self !== 'undefined' && self || typeof global$k !== 'undefined' && global$k;
        var support = {
-         searchParams: 'URLSearchParams' in global$1,
-         iterable: 'Symbol' in global$1 && 'iterator' in Symbol,
-         blob:
-           'FileReader' in global$1 &&
-           'Blob' in global$1 &&
-           (function() {
-             try {
-               new Blob();
-               return true
-             } catch (e) {
-               return false
-             }
-           })(),
-         formData: 'FormData' in global$1,
-         arrayBuffer: 'ArrayBuffer' in global$1
+         searchParams: 'URLSearchParams' in global$k,
+         iterable: 'Symbol' in global$k && 'iterator' in Symbol,
+         blob: 'FileReader' in global$k && 'Blob' in global$k && function () {
+           try {
+             new Blob();
+             return true;
+           } catch (e) {
+             return false;
+           }
+         }(),
+         formData: 'FormData' in global$k,
+         arrayBuffer: 'ArrayBuffer' in global$k
        };
 
        function isDataView(obj) {
-         return obj && DataView.prototype.isPrototypeOf(obj)
+         return obj && DataView.prototype.isPrototypeOf(obj);
        }
 
        if (support.arrayBuffer) {
-         var viewClasses = [
-           '[object Int8Array]',
-           '[object Uint8Array]',
-           '[object Uint8ClampedArray]',
-           '[object Int16Array]',
-           '[object Uint16Array]',
-           '[object Int32Array]',
-           '[object Uint32Array]',
-           '[object Float32Array]',
-           '[object Float64Array]'
-         ];
+         var viewClasses = ['[object Int8Array]', '[object Uint8Array]', '[object Uint8ClampedArray]', '[object Int16Array]', '[object Uint16Array]', '[object Int32Array]', '[object Uint32Array]', '[object Float32Array]', '[object Float64Array]'];
 
-         var isArrayBufferView =
-           ArrayBuffer.isView ||
-           function(obj) {
-             return obj && viewClasses.indexOf(Object.prototype.toString.call(obj)) > -1
-           };
+         var isArrayBufferView = ArrayBuffer.isView || function (obj) {
+           return obj && viewClasses.indexOf(Object.prototype.toString.call(obj)) > -1;
+         };
        }
 
        function normalizeName(name) {
          if (typeof name !== 'string') {
            name = String(name);
          }
+
          if (/[^a-z0-9\-#$%&'*+.^_`|~!]/i.test(name) || name === '') {
-           throw new TypeError('Invalid character in header field name')
+           throw new TypeError('Invalid character in header field name: "' + name + '"');
          }
-         return name.toLowerCase()
+
+         return name.toLowerCase();
        }
 
        function normalizeValue(value) {
          if (typeof value !== 'string') {
            value = String(value);
          }
-         return value
-       }
 
-       // Build a destructive iterator for the value list
+         return value;
+       } // Build a destructive iterator for the value list
+
+
        function iteratorFor(items) {
          var iterator = {
-           next: function() {
+           next: function next() {
              var value = items.shift();
-             return {done: value === undefined, value: value}
+             return {
+               done: value === undefined,
+               value: value
+             };
            }
          };
 
          if (support.iterable) {
-           iterator[Symbol.iterator] = function() {
-             return iterator
+           iterator[Symbol.iterator] = function () {
+             return iterator;
            };
          }
 
-         return iterator
+         return iterator;
        }
 
        function Headers(headers) {
          this.map = {};
 
          if (headers instanceof Headers) {
-           headers.forEach(function(value, name) {
+           headers.forEach(function (value, name) {
              this.append(name, value);
            }, this);
          } else if (Array.isArray(headers)) {
-           headers.forEach(function(header) {
+           headers.forEach(function (header) {
              this.append(header[0], header[1]);
            }, this);
          } else if (headers) {
-           Object.getOwnPropertyNames(headers).forEach(function(name) {
+           Object.getOwnPropertyNames(headers).forEach(function (name) {
              this.append(name, headers[name]);
            }, this);
          }
        }
 
-       Headers.prototype.append = function(name, value) {
+       Headers.prototype.append = function (name, value) {
          name = normalizeName(name);
          value = normalizeValue(value);
          var oldValue = this.map[name];
          this.map[name] = oldValue ? oldValue + ', ' + value : value;
        };
 
-       Headers.prototype['delete'] = function(name) {
+       Headers.prototype['delete'] = function (name) {
          delete this.map[normalizeName(name)];
        };
 
-       Headers.prototype.get = function(name) {
+       Headers.prototype.get = function (name) {
          name = normalizeName(name);
-         return this.has(name) ? this.map[name] : null
+         return this.has(name) ? this.map[name] : null;
        };
 
-       Headers.prototype.has = function(name) {
-         return this.map.hasOwnProperty(normalizeName(name))
+       Headers.prototype.has = function (name) {
+         return this.map.hasOwnProperty(normalizeName(name));
        };
 
-       Headers.prototype.set = function(name, value) {
+       Headers.prototype.set = function (name, value) {
          this.map[normalizeName(name)] = normalizeValue(value);
        };
 
-       Headers.prototype.forEach = function(callback, thisArg) {
+       Headers.prototype.forEach = function (callback, thisArg) {
          for (var name in this.map) {
            if (this.map.hasOwnProperty(name)) {
              callback.call(thisArg, this.map[name], name, this);
          }
        };
 
-       Headers.prototype.keys = function() {
+       Headers.prototype.keys = function () {
          var items = [];
-         this.forEach(function(value, name) {
+         this.forEach(function (value, name) {
            items.push(name);
          });
-         return iteratorFor(items)
+         return iteratorFor(items);
        };
 
-       Headers.prototype.values = function() {
+       Headers.prototype.values = function () {
          var items = [];
-         this.forEach(function(value) {
+         this.forEach(function (value) {
            items.push(value);
          });
-         return iteratorFor(items)
+         return iteratorFor(items);
        };
 
-       Headers.prototype.entries = function() {
+       Headers.prototype.entries = function () {
          var items = [];
-         this.forEach(function(value, name) {
+         this.forEach(function (value, name) {
            items.push([name, value]);
          });
-         return iteratorFor(items)
+         return iteratorFor(items);
        };
 
        if (support.iterable) {
 
        function consumed(body) {
          if (body.bodyUsed) {
-           return Promise.reject(new TypeError('Already read'))
+           return Promise.reject(new TypeError('Already read'));
          }
+
          body.bodyUsed = true;
        }
 
        function fileReaderReady(reader) {
-         return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
-           reader.onload = function() {
+         return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
+           reader.onload = function () {
              resolve(reader.result);
            };
-           reader.onerror = function() {
+
+           reader.onerror = function () {
              reject(reader.error);
            };
-         })
+         });
        }
 
        function readBlobAsArrayBuffer(blob) {
          var reader = new FileReader();
          var promise = fileReaderReady(reader);
          reader.readAsArrayBuffer(blob);
-         return promise
+         return promise;
        }
 
        function readBlobAsText(blob) {
          var reader = new FileReader();
          var promise = fileReaderReady(reader);
          reader.readAsText(blob);
-         return promise
+         return promise;
        }
 
        function readArrayBufferAsText(buf) {
          for (var i = 0; i < view.length; i++) {
            chars[i] = String.fromCharCode(view[i]);
          }
-         return chars.join('')
+
+         return chars.join('');
        }
 
        function bufferClone(buf) {
          if (buf.slice) {
-           return buf.slice(0)
+           return buf.slice(0);
          } else {
            var view = new Uint8Array(buf.byteLength);
            view.set(new Uint8Array(buf));
-           return view.buffer
+           return view.buffer;
          }
        }
 
        function Body() {
          this.bodyUsed = false;
 
-         this._initBody = function(body) {
+         this._initBody = function (body) {
            /*
              fetch-mock wraps the Response object in an ES6 Proxy to
              provide useful test harness features such as flush. However, on
            */
            this.bodyUsed = this.bodyUsed;
            this._bodyInit = body;
+
            if (!body) {
              this._bodyText = '';
            } else if (typeof body === 'string') {
            } else if (support.searchParams && URLSearchParams.prototype.isPrototypeOf(body)) {
              this._bodyText = body.toString();
            } else if (support.arrayBuffer && support.blob && isDataView(body)) {
-             this._bodyArrayBuffer = bufferClone(body.buffer);
-             // IE 10-11 can't handle a DataView body.
+             this._bodyArrayBuffer = bufferClone(body.buffer); // IE 10-11 can't handle a DataView body.
+
              this._bodyInit = new Blob([this._bodyArrayBuffer]);
            } else if (support.arrayBuffer && (ArrayBuffer.prototype.isPrototypeOf(body) || isArrayBufferView(body))) {
              this._bodyArrayBuffer = bufferClone(body);
          };
 
          if (support.blob) {
-           this.blob = function() {
+           this.blob = function () {
              var rejected = consumed(this);
+
              if (rejected) {
-               return rejected
+               return rejected;
              }
 
              if (this._bodyBlob) {
-               return Promise.resolve(this._bodyBlob)
+               return Promise.resolve(this._bodyBlob);
              } else if (this._bodyArrayBuffer) {
-               return Promise.resolve(new Blob([this._bodyArrayBuffer]))
+               return Promise.resolve(new Blob([this._bodyArrayBuffer]));
              } else if (this._bodyFormData) {
-               throw new Error('could not read FormData body as blob')
+               throw new Error('could not read FormData body as blob');
              } else {
-               return Promise.resolve(new Blob([this._bodyText]))
+               return Promise.resolve(new Blob([this._bodyText]));
              }
            };
 
-           this.arrayBuffer = function() {
+           this.arrayBuffer = function () {
              if (this._bodyArrayBuffer) {
-               return consumed(this) || Promise.resolve(this._bodyArrayBuffer)
+               var isConsumed = consumed(this);
+
+               if (isConsumed) {
+                 return isConsumed;
+               }
+
+               if (ArrayBuffer.isView(this._bodyArrayBuffer)) {
+                 return Promise.resolve(this._bodyArrayBuffer.buffer.slice(this._bodyArrayBuffer.byteOffset, this._bodyArrayBuffer.byteOffset + this._bodyArrayBuffer.byteLength));
+               } else {
+                 return Promise.resolve(this._bodyArrayBuffer);
+               }
              } else {
-               return this.blob().then(readBlobAsArrayBuffer)
+               return this.blob().then(readBlobAsArrayBuffer);
              }
            };
          }
 
-         this.text = function() {
+         this.text = function () {
            var rejected = consumed(this);
+
            if (rejected) {
-             return rejected
+             return rejected;
            }
 
            if (this._bodyBlob) {
-             return readBlobAsText(this._bodyBlob)
+             return readBlobAsText(this._bodyBlob);
            } else if (this._bodyArrayBuffer) {
-             return Promise.resolve(readArrayBufferAsText(this._bodyArrayBuffer))
+             return Promise.resolve(readArrayBufferAsText(this._bodyArrayBuffer));
            } else if (this._bodyFormData) {
-             throw new Error('could not read FormData body as text')
+             throw new Error('could not read FormData body as text');
            } else {
-             return Promise.resolve(this._bodyText)
+             return Promise.resolve(this._bodyText);
            }
          };
 
          if (support.formData) {
-           this.formData = function() {
-             return this.text().then(decode)
+           this.formData = function () {
+             return this.text().then(decode);
            };
          }
 
-         this.json = function() {
-           return this.text().then(JSON.parse)
+         this.json = function () {
+           return this.text().then(JSON.parse);
          };
 
-         return this
-       }
+         return this;
+       } // HTTP methods whose capitalization should be normalized
+
 
-       // HTTP methods whose capitalization should be normalized
        var methods = ['DELETE', 'GET', 'HEAD', 'OPTIONS', 'POST', 'PUT'];
 
        function normalizeMethod(method) {
          var upcased = method.toUpperCase();
-         return methods.indexOf(upcased) > -1 ? upcased : method
+         return methods.indexOf(upcased) > -1 ? upcased : method;
        }
 
        function Request(input, options) {
+         if (!(this instanceof Request)) {
+           throw new TypeError('Please use the "new" operator, this DOM object constructor cannot be called as a function.');
+         }
+
          options = options || {};
          var body = options.body;
 
          if (input instanceof Request) {
            if (input.bodyUsed) {
-             throw new TypeError('Already read')
+             throw new TypeError('Already read');
            }
+
            this.url = input.url;
            this.credentials = input.credentials;
+
            if (!options.headers) {
              this.headers = new Headers(input.headers);
            }
+
            this.method = input.method;
            this.mode = input.mode;
            this.signal = input.signal;
+
            if (!body && input._bodyInit != null) {
              body = input._bodyInit;
              input.bodyUsed = true;
          }
 
          this.credentials = options.credentials || this.credentials || 'same-origin';
+
          if (options.headers || !this.headers) {
            this.headers = new Headers(options.headers);
          }
+
          this.method = normalizeMethod(options.method || this.method || 'GET');
          this.mode = options.mode || this.mode || null;
          this.signal = options.signal || this.signal;
          this.referrer = null;
 
          if ((this.method === 'GET' || this.method === 'HEAD') && body) {
-           throw new TypeError('Body not allowed for GET or HEAD requests')
+           throw new TypeError('Body not allowed for GET or HEAD requests');
          }
+
          this._initBody(body);
 
          if (this.method === 'GET' || this.method === 'HEAD') {
            if (options.cache === 'no-store' || options.cache === 'no-cache') {
              // Search for a '_' parameter in the query string
              var reParamSearch = /([?&])_=[^&]*/;
+
              if (reParamSearch.test(this.url)) {
                // If it already exists then set the value with the current time
                this.url = this.url.replace(reParamSearch, '$1_=' + new Date().getTime());
          }
        }
 
-       Request.prototype.clone = function() {
-         return new Request(this, {body: this._bodyInit})
+       Request.prototype.clone = function () {
+         return new Request(this, {
+           body: this._bodyInit
+         });
        };
 
        function decode(body) {
          var form = new FormData();
-         body
-           .trim()
-           .split('&')
-           .forEach(function(bytes) {
-             if (bytes) {
-               var split = bytes.split('=');
-               var name = split.shift().replace(/\+/g, ' ');
-               var value = split.join('=').replace(/\+/g, ' ');
-               form.append(decodeURIComponent(name), decodeURIComponent(value));
-             }
-           });
-         return form
+         body.trim().split('&').forEach(function (bytes) {
+           if (bytes) {
+             var split = bytes.split('=');
+             var name = split.shift().replace(/\+/g, ' ');
+             var value = split.join('=').replace(/\+/g, ' ');
+             form.append(decodeURIComponent(name), decodeURIComponent(value));
+           }
+         });
+         return form;
        }
 
        function parseHeaders(rawHeaders) {
-         var headers = new Headers();
-         // Replace instances of \r\n and \n followed by at least one space or horizontal tab with a space
+         var headers = new Headers(); // Replace instances of \r\n and \n followed by at least one space or horizontal tab with a space
          // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.2
-         var preProcessedHeaders = rawHeaders.replace(/\r?\n[\t ]+/g, ' ');
-         preProcessedHeaders.split(/\r?\n/).forEach(function(line) {
+
+         var preProcessedHeaders = rawHeaders.replace(/\r?\n[\t ]+/g, ' '); // Avoiding split via regex to work around a common IE11 bug with the core-js 3.6.0 regex polyfill
+         // https://github.com/github/fetch/issues/748
+         // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/751
+
+         preProcessedHeaders.split('\r').map(function (header) {
+           return header.indexOf('\n') === 0 ? header.substr(1, header.length) : header;
+         }).forEach(function (line) {
            var parts = line.split(':');
            var key = parts.shift().trim();
+
            if (key) {
              var value = parts.join(':').trim();
              headers.append(key, value);
            }
          });
-         return headers
+         return headers;
        }
 
        Body.call(Request.prototype);
-
        function Response(bodyInit, options) {
+         if (!(this instanceof Response)) {
+           throw new TypeError('Please use the "new" operator, this DOM object constructor cannot be called as a function.');
+         }
+
          if (!options) {
            options = {};
          }
          this.type = 'default';
          this.status = options.status === undefined ? 200 : options.status;
          this.ok = this.status >= 200 && this.status < 300;
-         this.statusText = 'statusText' in options ? options.statusText : '';
+         this.statusText = options.statusText === undefined ? '' : '' + options.statusText;
          this.headers = new Headers(options.headers);
          this.url = options.url || '';
+
          this._initBody(bodyInit);
        }
-
        Body.call(Response.prototype);
 
-       Response.prototype.clone = function() {
+       Response.prototype.clone = function () {
          return new Response(this._bodyInit, {
            status: this.status,
            statusText: this.statusText,
            headers: new Headers(this.headers),
            url: this.url
-         })
+         });
        };
 
-       Response.error = function() {
-         var response = new Response(null, {status: 0, statusText: ''});
+       Response.error = function () {
+         var response = new Response(null, {
+           status: 0,
+           statusText: ''
+         });
          response.type = 'error';
-         return response
+         return response;
        };
 
        var redirectStatuses = [301, 302, 303, 307, 308];
 
-       Response.redirect = function(url, status) {
+       Response.redirect = function (url, status) {
          if (redirectStatuses.indexOf(status) === -1) {
-           throw new RangeError('Invalid status code')
+           throw new RangeError('Invalid status code');
          }
 
-         return new Response(null, {status: status, headers: {location: url}})
+         return new Response(null, {
+           status: status,
+           headers: {
+             location: url
+           }
+         });
        };
 
-       var DOMException$1 = global$1.DOMException;
+       var DOMException$1 = global$k.DOMException;
 
-       if (typeof DOMException$1 !== 'function') {
-         DOMException$1 = function(message, name) {
+       try {
+         new DOMException$1();
+       } catch (err) {
+         DOMException$1 = function DOMException(message, name) {
            this.message = message;
            this.name = name;
            var error = Error(message);
            this.stack = error.stack;
          };
+
          DOMException$1.prototype = Object.create(Error.prototype);
          DOMException$1.prototype.constructor = DOMException$1;
        }
 
        function fetch$1(input, init) {
-         return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
+         return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
            var request = new Request(input, init);
 
            if (request.signal && request.signal.aborted) {
-             return reject(new DOMException$1('Aborted', 'AbortError'))
+             return reject(new DOMException$1('Aborted', 'AbortError'));
            }
 
            var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
              xhr.abort();
            }
 
-           xhr.onload = function() {
+           xhr.onload = function () {
              var options = {
                status: xhr.status,
                statusText: xhr.statusText,
              };
              options.url = 'responseURL' in xhr ? xhr.responseURL : options.headers.get('X-Request-URL');
              var body = 'response' in xhr ? xhr.response : xhr.responseText;
-             setTimeout(function() {
+             setTimeout(function () {
                resolve(new Response(body, options));
              }, 0);
            };
 
-           xhr.onerror = function() {
-             setTimeout(function() {
+           xhr.onerror = function () {
+             setTimeout(function () {
                reject(new TypeError('Network request failed'));
              }, 0);
            };
 
-           xhr.ontimeout = function() {
-             setTimeout(function() {
+           xhr.ontimeout = function () {
+             setTimeout(function () {
                reject(new TypeError('Network request failed'));
              }, 0);
            };
 
-           xhr.onabort = function() {
-             setTimeout(function() {
+           xhr.onabort = function () {
+             setTimeout(function () {
                reject(new DOMException$1('Aborted', 'AbortError'));
              }, 0);
            };
 
            function fixUrl(url) {
              try {
-               return url === '' && global$1.location.href ? global$1.location.href : url
+               return url === '' && global$k.location.href ? global$k.location.href : url;
              } catch (e) {
-               return url
+               return url;
              }
            }
 
            if ('responseType' in xhr) {
              if (support.blob) {
                xhr.responseType = 'blob';
-             } else if (
-               support.arrayBuffer &&
-               request.headers.get('Content-Type') &&
-               request.headers.get('Content-Type').indexOf('application/octet-stream') !== -1
-             ) {
+             } else if (support.arrayBuffer && request.headers.get('Content-Type') && request.headers.get('Content-Type').indexOf('application/octet-stream') !== -1) {
                xhr.responseType = 'arraybuffer';
              }
            }
 
-           request.headers.forEach(function(value, name) {
-             xhr.setRequestHeader(name, value);
-           });
+           if (init && _typeof(init.headers) === 'object' && !(init.headers instanceof Headers)) {
+             Object.getOwnPropertyNames(init.headers).forEach(function (name) {
+               xhr.setRequestHeader(name, normalizeValue(init.headers[name]));
+             });
+           } else {
+             request.headers.forEach(function (value, name) {
+               xhr.setRequestHeader(name, value);
+             });
+           }
 
            if (request.signal) {
              request.signal.addEventListener('abort', abortXhr);
 
-             xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
+             xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
                // DONE (success or failure)
                if (xhr.readyState === 4) {
                  request.signal.removeEventListener('abort', abortXhr);
            }
 
            xhr.send(typeof request._bodyInit === 'undefined' ? null : request._bodyInit);
-         })
+         });
        }
-
        fetch$1.polyfill = true;
 
-       if (!global$1.fetch) {
-         global$1.fetch = fetch$1;
-         global$1.Headers = Headers;
-         global$1.Request = Request;
-         global$1.Response = Response;
+       if (!global$k.fetch) {
+         global$k.fetch = fetch$1;
+         global$k.Headers = Headers;
+         global$k.Request = Request;
+         global$k.Response = Response;
        }
 
-       var lib = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+       var $$T = _export;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$9 = descriptors;
+       var defineProperty$5 = objectDefineProperty.f;
 
+       // `Object.defineProperty` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperty
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-defineproperty -- safe
+       $$T({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: Object.defineProperty !== defineProperty$5, sham: !DESCRIPTORS$9 }, {
+         defineProperty: defineProperty$5
+       });
 
+       var $$S = _export;
+       var setPrototypeOf = objectSetPrototypeOf;
 
+       // `Object.setPrototypeOf` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.setprototypeof
+       $$S({ target: 'Object', stat: true }, {
+         setPrototypeOf: setPrototypeOf
+       });
 
+       var $$R = _export;
+       var fails$n = fails$V;
+       var toObject$8 = toObject$i;
+       var nativeGetPrototypeOf = objectGetPrototypeOf;
+       var CORRECT_PROTOTYPE_GETTER = correctPrototypeGetter;
 
+       var FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$4 = fails$n(function () { nativeGetPrototypeOf(1); });
 
+       // `Object.getPrototypeOf` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getprototypeof
+       $$R({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$4, sham: !CORRECT_PROTOTYPE_GETTER }, {
+         getPrototypeOf: function getPrototypeOf(it) {
+           return nativeGetPrototypeOf(toObject$8(it));
+         }
+       });
 
+       var global$j = global$1o;
+       var uncurryThis$m = functionUncurryThis;
+       var aCallable$2 = aCallable$a;
+       var isObject$b = isObject$s;
+       var hasOwn$5 = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var arraySlice$2 = arraySlice$b;
+       var NATIVE_BIND = functionBindNative;
+
+       var Function$1 = global$j.Function;
+       var concat$1 = uncurryThis$m([].concat);
+       var join$3 = uncurryThis$m([].join);
+       var factories = {};
+
+       var construct = function (C, argsLength, args) {
+         if (!hasOwn$5(factories, argsLength)) {
+           for (var list = [], i = 0; i < argsLength; i++) list[i] = 'a[' + i + ']';
+           factories[argsLength] = Function$1('C,a', 'return new C(' + join$3(list, ',') + ')');
+         } return factories[argsLength](C, args);
+       };
+
+       // `Function.prototype.bind` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-function.prototype.bind
+       var functionBind = NATIVE_BIND ? Function$1.bind : function bind(that /* , ...args */) {
+         var F = aCallable$2(this);
+         var Prototype = F.prototype;
+         var partArgs = arraySlice$2(arguments, 1);
+         var boundFunction = function bound(/* args... */) {
+           var args = concat$1(partArgs, arraySlice$2(arguments));
+           return this instanceof boundFunction ? construct(F, args.length, args) : F.apply(that, args);
+         };
+         if (isObject$b(Prototype)) boundFunction.prototype = Prototype;
+         return boundFunction;
+       };
+
+       var $$Q = _export;
+       var getBuiltIn$1 = getBuiltIn$b;
+       var apply = functionApply;
+       var bind$7 = functionBind;
+       var aConstructor = aConstructor$3;
+       var anObject$4 = anObject$n;
+       var isObject$a = isObject$s;
+       var create$4 = objectCreate;
+       var fails$m = fails$V;
+
+       var nativeConstruct = getBuiltIn$1('Reflect', 'construct');
+       var ObjectPrototype = Object.prototype;
+       var push$4 = [].push;
+
+       // `Reflect.construct` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-reflect.construct
+       // MS Edge supports only 2 arguments and argumentsList argument is optional
+       // FF Nightly sets third argument as `new.target`, but does not create `this` from it
+       var NEW_TARGET_BUG = fails$m(function () {
+         function F() { /* empty */ }
+         return !(nativeConstruct(function () { /* empty */ }, [], F) instanceof F);
+       });
 
+       var ARGS_BUG = !fails$m(function () {
+         nativeConstruct(function () { /* empty */ });
+       });
 
+       var FORCED$c = NEW_TARGET_BUG || ARGS_BUG;
+
+       $$Q({ target: 'Reflect', stat: true, forced: FORCED$c, sham: FORCED$c }, {
+         construct: function construct(Target, args /* , newTarget */) {
+           aConstructor(Target);
+           anObject$4(args);
+           var newTarget = arguments.length < 3 ? Target : aConstructor(arguments[2]);
+           if (ARGS_BUG && !NEW_TARGET_BUG) return nativeConstruct(Target, args, newTarget);
+           if (Target == newTarget) {
+             // w/o altered newTarget, optimization for 0-4 arguments
+             switch (args.length) {
+               case 0: return new Target();
+               case 1: return new Target(args[0]);
+               case 2: return new Target(args[0], args[1]);
+               case 3: return new Target(args[0], args[1], args[2]);
+               case 4: return new Target(args[0], args[1], args[2], args[3]);
+             }
+             // w/o altered newTarget, lot of arguments case
+             var $args = [null];
+             apply(push$4, $args, args);
+             return new (apply(bind$7, Target, $args))();
+           }
+           // with altered newTarget, not support built-in constructors
+           var proto = newTarget.prototype;
+           var instance = create$4(isObject$a(proto) ? proto : ObjectPrototype);
+           var result = apply(Target, instance, args);
+           return isObject$a(result) ? result : instance;
+         }
+       });
 
-       if (!window.Set) {
-           window.Set = es6Set;
-       }
-       if (!window.Map) {
-           window.Map = es6Map;
-       }
-       if (!window.Promise) {
-           window.Promise = polyfill$e;
-           window.Promise._immediateFn = setAsap;
-       }
-       if (!Array.prototype.find) {
-           array_prototype_find.shim();
-       }
-       if (!Array.prototype.findIndex) {
-           array_prototype_findindex.shim();
-       }
-       if (!Array.from) {
-           array_from.shim();
-       }
-       if (!Object.values) {
-           object_values.shim();
-       }
-       if (!Object.assign) {
-           object_assign.shim();
-       }
-       if (!window.requestAnimationFrame || !window.cancelAnimationFrame) {
-           window.requestAnimationFrame = raf_1;
-           window.cancelAnimationFrame = raf_1.cancel;
-       }
+       var hasOwn$4 = hasOwnProperty_1;
 
-       var finalFetch = window.fetch;
-       var finalPromise = window.Promise;
-       window.fetch = function (input, init) {
-           try {
-               return finalFetch(input, init);
-           }
-           catch (error) {
-               return new finalPromise(function (_, reject) { return reject(error); });
-           }
+       var isDataDescriptor$1 = function (descriptor) {
+         return descriptor !== undefined && (hasOwn$4(descriptor, 'value') || hasOwn$4(descriptor, 'writable'));
        };
-       });
-
-       var $Math$2 = GetIntrinsic('%Math%');
 
-       var $floor$1 = $Math$2.floor;
-       var $abs$1 = $Math$2.abs;
+       var $$P = _export;
+       var call$5 = functionCall;
+       var isObject$9 = isObject$s;
+       var anObject$3 = anObject$n;
+       var isDataDescriptor = isDataDescriptor$1;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor;
+       var getPrototypeOf = objectGetPrototypeOf;
 
+       // `Reflect.get` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-reflect.get
+       function get$3(target, propertyKey /* , receiver */) {
+         var receiver = arguments.length < 3 ? target : arguments[2];
+         var descriptor, prototype;
+         if (anObject$3(target) === receiver) return target[propertyKey];
+         descriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptorModule.f(target, propertyKey);
+         if (descriptor) return isDataDescriptor(descriptor)
+           ? descriptor.value
+           : descriptor.get === undefined ? undefined : call$5(descriptor.get, receiver);
+         if (isObject$9(prototype = getPrototypeOf(target))) return get$3(prototype, propertyKey, receiver);
+       }
 
+       $$P({ target: 'Reflect', stat: true }, {
+         get: get$3
+       });
 
+       var $$O = _export;
+       var fails$l = fails$V;
+       var toIndexedObject$1 = toIndexedObject$d;
+       var nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$8 = descriptors;
 
-       // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-isinteger
+       var FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$3 = fails$l(function () { nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor(1); });
+       var FORCED$b = !DESCRIPTORS$8 || FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$3;
 
-       var IsInteger = function IsInteger(argument) {
-               if (typeof argument !== 'number' || _isNaN(argument) || !_isFinite(argument)) {
-                       return false;
-               }
-               var abs = $abs$1(argument);
-               return $floor$1(abs) === abs;
-       };
+       // `Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.getownpropertydescriptor
+       $$O({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: FORCED$b, sham: !DESCRIPTORS$8 }, {
+         getOwnPropertyDescriptor: function getOwnPropertyDescriptor(it, key) {
+           return nativeGetOwnPropertyDescriptor(toIndexedObject$1(it), key);
+         }
+       });
 
-       var ArrayPush = callBound('Array.prototype.push');
-       var StringFromCharCodeSpread = callBind.apply(String.fromCharCode, null);
-
-       var implementation$8 = function fromCodePoint(_ /* fromCodePoint.length is 1 */) {
-               var MAX_SIZE = 0x4000;
-               var codeUnits = [];
-               var highSurrogate;
-               var lowSurrogate;
-               var index = -1;
-               var length = arguments.length;
-               if (!length) {
-                       return '';
-               }
-               var result = '';
-               while (++index < length) {
-                       var codePoint = ToNumber$1(arguments[index]);
-                       if (
-                               !IsInteger(codePoint) ||
-                               codePoint < 0 || codePoint > 0x10FFFF // not a valid Unicode code point
-                       ) {
-                               throw RangeError('Invalid code point: ' + codePoint);
-                       }
-                       if (codePoint <= 0xFFFF) { // BMP code point
-                               ArrayPush(codeUnits, codePoint);
-                       } else { // Astral code point; split in surrogate halves
-                               // https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/javascript-encoding#surrogate-formulae
-                               codePoint -= 0x10000;
-                               highSurrogate = (codePoint >> 10) + 0xD800;
-                               lowSurrogate = (codePoint % 0x400) + 0xDC00;
-                               ArrayPush(codeUnits, highSurrogate, lowSurrogate);
-                       }
-                       if (index + 1 == length || codeUnits.length > MAX_SIZE) {
-                               result += StringFromCharCodeSpread(codeUnits);
-                               codeUnits.length = 0;
-                       }
-               }
-               return result;
-       };
+       var $$N = _export;
+       var global$i = global$1o;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex$1 = toAbsoluteIndex$9;
+       var toIntegerOrInfinity$2 = toIntegerOrInfinity$b;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$5 = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
+       var toObject$7 = toObject$i;
+       var arraySpeciesCreate$2 = arraySpeciesCreate$4;
+       var createProperty$2 = createProperty$5;
+       var arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$2 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$5;
+
+       var HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$1 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$2('splice');
+
+       var TypeError$6 = global$i.TypeError;
+       var max$1 = Math.max;
+       var min$3 = Math.min;
+       var MAX_SAFE_INTEGER$1 = 0x1FFFFFFFFFFFFF;
+       var MAXIMUM_ALLOWED_LENGTH_EXCEEDED = 'Maximum allowed length exceeded';
+
+       // `Array.prototype.splice` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.splice
+       // with adding support of @@species
+       $$N({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT$1 }, {
+         splice: function splice(start, deleteCount /* , ...items */) {
+           var O = toObject$7(this);
+           var len = lengthOfArrayLike$5(O);
+           var actualStart = toAbsoluteIndex$1(start, len);
+           var argumentsLength = arguments.length;
+           var insertCount, actualDeleteCount, A, k, from, to;
+           if (argumentsLength === 0) {
+             insertCount = actualDeleteCount = 0;
+           } else if (argumentsLength === 1) {
+             insertCount = 0;
+             actualDeleteCount = len - actualStart;
+           } else {
+             insertCount = argumentsLength - 2;
+             actualDeleteCount = min$3(max$1(toIntegerOrInfinity$2(deleteCount), 0), len - actualStart);
+           }
+           if (len + insertCount - actualDeleteCount > MAX_SAFE_INTEGER$1) {
+             throw TypeError$6(MAXIMUM_ALLOWED_LENGTH_EXCEEDED);
+           }
+           A = arraySpeciesCreate$2(O, actualDeleteCount);
+           for (k = 0; k < actualDeleteCount; k++) {
+             from = actualStart + k;
+             if (from in O) createProperty$2(A, k, O[from]);
+           }
+           A.length = actualDeleteCount;
+           if (insertCount < actualDeleteCount) {
+             for (k = actualStart; k < len - actualDeleteCount; k++) {
+               from = k + actualDeleteCount;
+               to = k + insertCount;
+               if (from in O) O[to] = O[from];
+               else delete O[to];
+             }
+             for (k = len; k > len - actualDeleteCount + insertCount; k--) delete O[k - 1];
+           } else if (insertCount > actualDeleteCount) {
+             for (k = len - actualDeleteCount; k > actualStart; k--) {
+               from = k + actualDeleteCount - 1;
+               to = k + insertCount - 1;
+               if (from in O) O[to] = O[from];
+               else delete O[to];
+             }
+           }
+           for (k = 0; k < insertCount; k++) {
+             O[k + actualStart] = arguments[k + 2];
+           }
+           O.length = len - actualDeleteCount + insertCount;
+           return A;
+         }
+       });
 
-       var polyfill$g = function getPolyfill() {
-               return String.fromCodePoint || implementation$8;
-       };
+       var defineWellKnownSymbol$1 = defineWellKnownSymbol$4;
 
-       var shim$d = function shimFromCodePoint() {
-               var polyfill = polyfill$g();
+       // `Symbol.toStringTag` well-known symbol
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-symbol.tostringtag
+       defineWellKnownSymbol$1('toStringTag');
 
-               if (String.fromCodePoint !== polyfill) {
-                       defineProperties_1(String, { fromCodePoint: polyfill });
-               }
+       var global$h = global$1o;
+       var setToStringTag$3 = setToStringTag$a;
 
-               return polyfill;
-       };
+       // JSON[@@toStringTag] property
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-json-@@tostringtag
+       setToStringTag$3(global$h.JSON, 'JSON', true);
 
-       /*! https://mths.be/fromcodepoint v1.0.0 by @mathias */
+       var setToStringTag$2 = setToStringTag$a;
 
-       shim$d();
+       // Math[@@toStringTag] property
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-math-@@tostringtag
+       setToStringTag$2(Math, 'Math', true);
 
        (function (factory) {
-         
          factory();
-       }((function () {
+       })(function () {
+
          function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) {
            if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) {
              throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function");
            return _setPrototypeOf(o, p);
          }
 
+         function _isNativeReflectConstruct() {
+           if (typeof Reflect === "undefined" || !Reflect.construct) return false;
+           if (Reflect.construct.sham) return false;
+           if (typeof Proxy === "function") return true;
+
+           try {
+             Boolean.prototype.valueOf.call(Reflect.construct(Boolean, [], function () {}));
+             return true;
+           } catch (e) {
+             return false;
+           }
+         }
+
          function _assertThisInitialized(self) {
            if (self === void 0) {
              throw new ReferenceError("this hasn't been initialised - super() hasn't been called");
          }
 
          function _possibleConstructorReturn(self, call) {
-           if (call && (typeof call === "object" || typeof call === "function")) {
+           if (call && (_typeof(call) === "object" || typeof call === "function")) {
              return call;
            }
 
            return _assertThisInitialized(self);
          }
 
+         function _createSuper(Derived) {
+           var hasNativeReflectConstruct = _isNativeReflectConstruct();
+
+           return function _createSuperInternal() {
+             var Super = _getPrototypeOf(Derived),
+                 result;
+
+             if (hasNativeReflectConstruct) {
+               var NewTarget = _getPrototypeOf(this).constructor;
+
+               result = Reflect.construct(Super, arguments, NewTarget);
+             } else {
+               result = Super.apply(this, arguments);
+             }
+
+             return _possibleConstructorReturn(this, result);
+           };
+         }
+
          function _superPropBase(object, property) {
            while (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(object, property)) {
              object = _getPrototypeOf(object);
            return _get(target, property, receiver || target);
          }
 
-         var Emitter =
-         /*#__PURE__*/
-         function () {
+         var Emitter = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
            function Emitter() {
              _classCallCheck(this, Emitter);
 
 
            _createClass(Emitter, [{
              key: "addEventListener",
-             value: function addEventListener(type, callback) {
+             value: function addEventListener(type, callback, options) {
                if (!(type in this.listeners)) {
                  this.listeners[type] = [];
                }
 
-               this.listeners[type].push(callback);
+               this.listeners[type].push({
+                 callback: callback,
+                 options: options
+               });
              }
            }, {
              key: "removeEventListener",
                var stack = this.listeners[type];
 
                for (var i = 0, l = stack.length; i < l; i++) {
-                 if (stack[i] === callback) {
+                 if (stack[i].callback === callback) {
                    stack.splice(i, 1);
                    return;
                  }
            }, {
              key: "dispatchEvent",
              value: function dispatchEvent(event) {
-               var _this = this;
-
                if (!(event.type in this.listeners)) {
                  return;
                }
 
-               var debounce = function debounce(callback) {
-                 setTimeout(function () {
-                   return callback.call(_this, event);
-                 });
-               };
-
                var stack = this.listeners[event.type];
+               var stackToCall = stack.slice();
 
-               for (var i = 0, l = stack.length; i < l; i++) {
-                 debounce(stack[i]);
+               for (var i = 0, l = stackToCall.length; i < l; i++) {
+                 var listener = stackToCall[i];
+
+                 try {
+                   listener.callback.call(this, event);
+                 } catch (e) {
+                   Promise.resolve().then(function () {
+                     throw e;
+                   });
+                 }
+
+                 if (listener.options && listener.options.once) {
+                   this.removeEventListener(event.type, listener.callback);
+                 }
                }
 
                return !event.defaultPrevented;
            return Emitter;
          }();
 
-         var AbortSignal =
-         /*#__PURE__*/
-         function (_Emitter) {
+         var AbortSignal = /*#__PURE__*/function (_Emitter) {
            _inherits(AbortSignal, _Emitter);
 
+           var _super = _createSuper(AbortSignal);
+
            function AbortSignal() {
-             var _this2;
+             var _this;
 
              _classCallCheck(this, AbortSignal);
 
-             _this2 = _possibleConstructorReturn(this, _getPrototypeOf(AbortSignal).call(this)); // Some versions of babel does not transpile super() correctly for IE <= 10, if the parent
+             _this = _super.call(this); // Some versions of babel does not transpile super() correctly for IE <= 10, if the parent
              // constructor has failed to run, then "this.listeners" will still be undefined and then we call
              // the parent constructor directly instead as a workaround. For general details, see babel bug:
              // https://github.com/babel/babel/issues/3041
              // This hack was added as a fix for the issue described here:
              // https://github.com/Financial-Times/polyfill-library/pull/59#issuecomment-477558042
 
-             if (!_this2.listeners) {
-               Emitter.call(_assertThisInitialized(_this2));
+             if (!_this.listeners) {
+               Emitter.call(_assertThisInitialized(_this));
              } // Compared to assignment, Object.defineProperty makes properties non-enumerable by default and
              // we want Object.keys(new AbortController().signal) to be [] for compat with the native impl
 
 
-             Object.defineProperty(_assertThisInitialized(_this2), 'aborted', {
+             Object.defineProperty(_assertThisInitialized(_this), 'aborted', {
                value: false,
                writable: true,
                configurable: true
              });
-             Object.defineProperty(_assertThisInitialized(_this2), 'onabort', {
+             Object.defineProperty(_assertThisInitialized(_this), 'onabort', {
                value: null,
                writable: true,
                configurable: true
              });
-             return _this2;
+             return _this;
            }
 
            _createClass(AbortSignal, [{
 
            return AbortSignal;
          }(Emitter);
-         var AbortController =
-         /*#__PURE__*/
-         function () {
-           function AbortController() {
-             _classCallCheck(this, AbortController);
 
-             // Compared to assignment, Object.defineProperty makes properties non-enumerable by default and
+         var AbortController = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+           function AbortController() {
+             _classCallCheck(this, AbortController); // Compared to assignment, Object.defineProperty makes properties non-enumerable by default and
              // we want Object.keys(new AbortController()) to be [] for compat with the native impl
+
+
              Object.defineProperty(this, 'signal', {
                value: new AbortSignal(),
                writable: true,
 
            return typeof self.Request === 'function' && !self.Request.prototype.hasOwnProperty('signal') || !self.AbortController;
          }
-
          /**
           * Note: the "fetch.Request" default value is available for fetch imported from
           * the "node-fetch" package and not in browsers. This is OK since browsers
           * @returns {fetch: abortableFetch, Request: AbortableRequest}
           */
 
+
          function abortableFetchDecorator(patchTargets) {
            if ('function' === typeof patchTargets) {
              patchTargets = {
          }
 
          (function (self) {
-
            if (!polyfillNeeded(self)) {
              return;
            }
              value: AbortSignal
            });
          })(typeof self !== 'undefined' ? self : commonjsGlobal);
-
-       })));
+       });
 
        function actionAddEntity(way) {
-           return function(graph) {
-               return graph.replace(way);
-           };
-       }
+         return function (graph) {
+           return graph.replace(way);
+         };
+       }
+
+       var $$M = _export;
+       var global$g = global$1o;
+       var fails$k = fails$V;
+       var isArray$3 = isArray$8;
+       var isObject$8 = isObject$s;
+       var toObject$6 = toObject$i;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$4 = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
+       var createProperty$1 = createProperty$5;
+       var arraySpeciesCreate$1 = arraySpeciesCreate$4;
+       var arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$1 = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$5;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$2 = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+       var V8_VERSION = engineV8Version;
+
+       var IS_CONCAT_SPREADABLE = wellKnownSymbol$2('isConcatSpreadable');
+       var MAX_SAFE_INTEGER = 0x1FFFFFFFFFFFFF;
+       var MAXIMUM_ALLOWED_INDEX_EXCEEDED = 'Maximum allowed index exceeded';
+       var TypeError$5 = global$g.TypeError;
+
+       // We can't use this feature detection in V8 since it causes
+       // deoptimization and serious performance degradation
+       // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/679
+       var IS_CONCAT_SPREADABLE_SUPPORT = V8_VERSION >= 51 || !fails$k(function () {
+         var array = [];
+         array[IS_CONCAT_SPREADABLE] = false;
+         return array.concat()[0] !== array;
+       });
+
+       var SPECIES_SUPPORT = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$1('concat');
+
+       var isConcatSpreadable = function (O) {
+         if (!isObject$8(O)) return false;
+         var spreadable = O[IS_CONCAT_SPREADABLE];
+         return spreadable !== undefined ? !!spreadable : isArray$3(O);
+       };
+
+       var FORCED$a = !IS_CONCAT_SPREADABLE_SUPPORT || !SPECIES_SUPPORT;
+
+       // `Array.prototype.concat` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.concat
+       // with adding support of @@isConcatSpreadable and @@species
+       $$M({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: FORCED$a }, {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+         concat: function concat(arg) {
+           var O = toObject$6(this);
+           var A = arraySpeciesCreate$1(O, 0);
+           var n = 0;
+           var i, k, length, len, E;
+           for (i = -1, length = arguments.length; i < length; i++) {
+             E = i === -1 ? O : arguments[i];
+             if (isConcatSpreadable(E)) {
+               len = lengthOfArrayLike$4(E);
+               if (n + len > MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) throw TypeError$5(MAXIMUM_ALLOWED_INDEX_EXCEEDED);
+               for (k = 0; k < len; k++, n++) if (k in E) createProperty$1(A, n, E[k]);
+             } else {
+               if (n >= MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) throw TypeError$5(MAXIMUM_ALLOWED_INDEX_EXCEEDED);
+               createProperty$1(A, n++, E);
+             }
+           }
+           A.length = n;
+           return A;
+         }
+       });
+
+       var DESCRIPTORS$7 = descriptors;
+       var uncurryThis$l = functionUncurryThis;
+       var call$4 = functionCall;
+       var fails$j = fails$V;
+       var objectKeys$1 = objectKeys$4;
+       var getOwnPropertySymbolsModule = objectGetOwnPropertySymbols;
+       var propertyIsEnumerableModule = objectPropertyIsEnumerable;
+       var toObject$5 = toObject$i;
+       var IndexedObject = indexedObject;
+
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-assign -- safe
+       var $assign = Object.assign;
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-defineproperty -- required for testing
+       var defineProperty$4 = Object.defineProperty;
+       var concat = uncurryThis$l([].concat);
+
+       // `Object.assign` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.assign
+       var objectAssign = !$assign || fails$j(function () {
+         // should have correct order of operations (Edge bug)
+         if (DESCRIPTORS$7 && $assign({ b: 1 }, $assign(defineProperty$4({}, 'a', {
+           enumerable: true,
+           get: function () {
+             defineProperty$4(this, 'b', {
+               value: 3,
+               enumerable: false
+             });
+           }
+         }), { b: 2 })).b !== 1) return true;
+         // should work with symbols and should have deterministic property order (V8 bug)
+         var A = {};
+         var B = {};
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-symbol -- safe
+         var symbol = Symbol();
+         var alphabet = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrst';
+         A[symbol] = 7;
+         alphabet.split('').forEach(function (chr) { B[chr] = chr; });
+         return $assign({}, A)[symbol] != 7 || objectKeys$1($assign({}, B)).join('') != alphabet;
+       }) ? function assign(target, source) { // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+         var T = toObject$5(target);
+         var argumentsLength = arguments.length;
+         var index = 1;
+         var getOwnPropertySymbols = getOwnPropertySymbolsModule.f;
+         var propertyIsEnumerable = propertyIsEnumerableModule.f;
+         while (argumentsLength > index) {
+           var S = IndexedObject(arguments[index++]);
+           var keys = getOwnPropertySymbols ? concat(objectKeys$1(S), getOwnPropertySymbols(S)) : objectKeys$1(S);
+           var length = keys.length;
+           var j = 0;
+           var key;
+           while (length > j) {
+             key = keys[j++];
+             if (!DESCRIPTORS$7 || call$4(propertyIsEnumerable, S, key)) T[key] = S[key];
+           }
+         } return T;
+       } : $assign;
+
+       var $$L = _export;
+       var assign$2 = objectAssign;
+
+       // `Object.assign` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.assign
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-assign -- required for testing
+       $$L({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: Object.assign !== assign$2 }, {
+         assign: assign$2
+       });
+
+       var $$K = _export;
+       var $filter = arrayIteration.filter;
+       var arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport$5;
+
+       var HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT = arrayMethodHasSpeciesSupport('filter');
+
+       // `Array.prototype.filter` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.filter
+       // with adding support of @@species
+       $$K({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !HAS_SPECIES_SUPPORT }, {
+         filter: function filter(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
+           return $filter(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+         }
+       });
+
+       var $$J = _export;
+       var toObject$4 = toObject$i;
+       var nativeKeys = objectKeys$4;
+       var fails$i = fails$V;
+
+       var FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$2 = fails$i(function () { nativeKeys(1); });
+
+       // `Object.keys` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.keys
+       $$J({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$2 }, {
+         keys: function keys(it) {
+           return nativeKeys(toObject$4(it));
+         }
+       });
+
+       var $$I = _export;
+       var uncurryThis$k = functionUncurryThis;
+       var isArray$2 = isArray$8;
+
+       var un$Reverse = uncurryThis$k([].reverse);
+       var test$1 = [1, 2];
+
+       // `Array.prototype.reverse` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.reverse
+       // fix for Safari 12.0 bug
+       // https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=188794
+       $$I({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: String(test$1) === String(test$1.reverse()) }, {
+         reverse: function reverse() {
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-assign -- dirty hack
+           if (isArray$2(this)) this.length = this.length;
+           return un$Reverse(this);
+         }
+       });
+
+       var global$f = global$1o;
+       var fails$h = fails$V;
+       var uncurryThis$j = functionUncurryThis;
+       var toString$c = toString$k;
+       var trim$4 = stringTrim.trim;
+       var whitespaces$1 = whitespaces$4;
+
+       var charAt$2 = uncurryThis$j(''.charAt);
+       var n$ParseFloat = global$f.parseFloat;
+       var Symbol$2 = global$f.Symbol;
+       var ITERATOR$1 = Symbol$2 && Symbol$2.iterator;
+       var FORCED$9 = 1 / n$ParseFloat(whitespaces$1 + '-0') !== -Infinity
+         // MS Edge 18- broken with boxed symbols
+         || (ITERATOR$1 && !fails$h(function () { n$ParseFloat(Object(ITERATOR$1)); }));
+
+       // `parseFloat` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-parsefloat-string
+       var numberParseFloat = FORCED$9 ? function parseFloat(string) {
+         var trimmedString = trim$4(toString$c(string));
+         var result = n$ParseFloat(trimmedString);
+         return result === 0 && charAt$2(trimmedString, 0) == '-' ? -0 : result;
+       } : n$ParseFloat;
+
+       var $$H = _export;
+       var $parseFloat = numberParseFloat;
+
+       // `parseFloat` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-parsefloat-string
+       $$H({ global: true, forced: parseFloat != $parseFloat }, {
+         parseFloat: $parseFloat
+       });
 
        /*
        Order the nodes of a way in reverse order and reverse any direction dependent tags
            http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Key:traffic_sign#On_a_way_or_area
        */
        function actionReverse(entityID, options) {
-           var ignoreKey = /^.*(_|:)?(description|name|note|website|ref|source|comment|watch|attribution)(_|:)?/;
-           var numeric = /^([+\-]?)(?=[\d.])/;
-           var directionKey = /direction$/;
-           var turn_lanes = /^turn:lanes:?/;
-           var keyReplacements = [
-               [/:right$/, ':left'],
-               [/:left$/, ':right'],
-               [/:forward$/, ':backward'],
-               [/:backward$/, ':forward'],
-               [/:right:/, ':left:'],
-               [/:left:/, ':right:'],
-               [/:forward:/, ':backward:'],
-               [/:backward:/, ':forward:']
-           ];
-           var valueReplacements = {
-               left: 'right',
-               right: 'left',
-               up: 'down',
-               down: 'up',
-               forward: 'backward',
-               backward: 'forward',
-               forwards: 'backward',
-               backwards: 'forward',
-           };
-           var roleReplacements = {
-               forward: 'backward',
-               backward: 'forward',
-               forwards: 'backward',
-               backwards: 'forward'
-           };
-           var onewayReplacements = {
-               yes: '-1',
-               '1': '-1',
-               '-1': 'yes'
-           };
-
-           var compassReplacements = {
-               N: 'S',
-               NNE: 'SSW',
-               NE: 'SW',
-               ENE: 'WSW',
-               E: 'W',
-               ESE: 'WNW',
-               SE: 'NW',
-               SSE: 'NNW',
-               S: 'N',
-               SSW: 'NNE',
-               SW: 'NE',
-               WSW: 'ENE',
-               W: 'E',
-               WNW: 'ESE',
-               NW: 'SE',
-               NNW: 'SSE'
-           };
-
-
-           function reverseKey(key) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < keyReplacements.length; ++i) {
-                   var replacement = keyReplacements[i];
-                   if (replacement[0].test(key)) {
-                       return key.replace(replacement[0], replacement[1]);
-                   }
+         var ignoreKey = /^.*(_|:)?(description|name|note|website|ref|source|comment|watch|attribution)(_|:)?/;
+         var numeric = /^([+\-]?)(?=[\d.])/;
+         var directionKey = /direction$/;
+         var turn_lanes = /^turn:lanes:?/;
+         var keyReplacements = [[/:right$/, ':left'], [/:left$/, ':right'], [/:forward$/, ':backward'], [/:backward$/, ':forward'], [/:right:/, ':left:'], [/:left:/, ':right:'], [/:forward:/, ':backward:'], [/:backward:/, ':forward:']];
+         var valueReplacements = {
+           left: 'right',
+           right: 'left',
+           up: 'down',
+           down: 'up',
+           forward: 'backward',
+           backward: 'forward',
+           forwards: 'backward',
+           backwards: 'forward'
+         };
+         var roleReplacements = {
+           forward: 'backward',
+           backward: 'forward',
+           forwards: 'backward',
+           backwards: 'forward'
+         };
+         var onewayReplacements = {
+           yes: '-1',
+           '1': '-1',
+           '-1': 'yes'
+         };
+         var compassReplacements = {
+           N: 'S',
+           NNE: 'SSW',
+           NE: 'SW',
+           ENE: 'WSW',
+           E: 'W',
+           ESE: 'WNW',
+           SE: 'NW',
+           SSE: 'NNW',
+           S: 'N',
+           SSW: 'NNE',
+           SW: 'NE',
+           WSW: 'ENE',
+           W: 'E',
+           WNW: 'ESE',
+           NW: 'SE',
+           NNW: 'SSE'
+         };
+
+         function reverseKey(key) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < keyReplacements.length; ++i) {
+             var replacement = keyReplacements[i];
+
+             if (replacement[0].test(key)) {
+               return key.replace(replacement[0], replacement[1]);
+             }
+           }
+
+           return key;
+         }
+
+         function reverseValue(key, value, includeAbsolute) {
+           if (ignoreKey.test(key)) return value; // Turn lanes are left/right to key (not way) direction - #5674
+
+           if (turn_lanes.test(key)) {
+             return value;
+           } else if (key === 'incline' && numeric.test(value)) {
+             return value.replace(numeric, function (_, sign) {
+               return sign === '-' ? '' : '-';
+             });
+           } else if (options && options.reverseOneway && key === 'oneway') {
+             return onewayReplacements[value] || value;
+           } else if (includeAbsolute && directionKey.test(key)) {
+             if (compassReplacements[value]) return compassReplacements[value];
+             var degrees = parseFloat(value);
+
+             if (typeof degrees === 'number' && !isNaN(degrees)) {
+               if (degrees < 180) {
+                 degrees += 180;
+               } else {
+                 degrees -= 180;
                }
-               return key;
-           }
-
 
-           function reverseValue(key, value, includeAbsolute) {
-               if (ignoreKey.test(key)) return value;
-
-               // Turn lanes are left/right to key (not way) direction - #5674
-               if (turn_lanes.test(key)) {
-                   return value;
+               return degrees.toString();
+             }
+           }
 
-               } else if (key === 'incline' && numeric.test(value)) {
-                   return value.replace(numeric, function(_, sign) { return sign === '-' ? '' : '-'; });
+           return valueReplacements[value] || value;
+         } // Reverse the direction of tags attached to the nodes - #3076
 
-               } else if (options && options.reverseOneway && key === 'oneway') {
-                   return onewayReplacements[value] || value;
 
-               } else if (includeAbsolute && directionKey.test(key)) {
-                   if (compassReplacements[value]) return compassReplacements[value];
+         function reverseNodeTags(graph, nodeIDs) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
+             var node = graph.hasEntity(nodeIDs[i]);
+             if (!node || !Object.keys(node.tags).length) continue;
+             var tags = {};
 
-                   var degrees = parseFloat(value);
-                   if (typeof degrees === 'number' && !isNaN(degrees)) {
-                       if (degrees < 180) {
-                           degrees += 180;
-                       } else {
-                           degrees -= 180;
-                       }
-                       return degrees.toString();
-                   }
-               }
+             for (var key in node.tags) {
+               tags[reverseKey(key)] = reverseValue(key, node.tags[key], node.id === entityID);
+             }
 
-               return valueReplacements[value] || value;
+             graph = graph.replace(node.update({
+               tags: tags
+             }));
            }
 
+           return graph;
+         }
 
-           // Reverse the direction of tags attached to the nodes - #3076
-           function reverseNodeTags(graph, nodeIDs) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-                   var node = graph.hasEntity(nodeIDs[i]);
-                   if (!node || !Object.keys(node.tags).length) continue;
+         function reverseWay(graph, way) {
+           var nodes = way.nodes.slice().reverse();
+           var tags = {};
+           var role;
 
-                   var tags = {};
-                   for (var key in node.tags) {
-                       tags[reverseKey(key)] = reverseValue(key, node.tags[key], node.id === entityID);
-                   }
-                   graph = graph.replace(node.update({tags: tags}));
-               }
-               return graph;
+           for (var key in way.tags) {
+             tags[reverseKey(key)] = reverseValue(key, way.tags[key]);
            }
 
-
-           function reverseWay(graph, way) {
-               var nodes = way.nodes.slice().reverse();
-               var tags = {};
-               var role;
-
-               for (var key in way.tags) {
-                   tags[reverseKey(key)] = reverseValue(key, way.tags[key]);
+           graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function (relation) {
+             relation.members.forEach(function (member, index) {
+               if (member.id === way.id && (role = roleReplacements[member.role])) {
+                 relation = relation.updateMember({
+                   role: role
+                 }, index);
+                 graph = graph.replace(relation);
                }
+             });
+           }); // Reverse any associated directions on nodes on the way and then replace
+           // the way itself with the reversed node ids and updated way tags
 
-               graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function(relation) {
-                   relation.members.forEach(function(member, index) {
-                       if (member.id === way.id && (role = roleReplacements[member.role])) {
-                           relation = relation.updateMember({role: role}, index);
-                           graph = graph.replace(relation);
-                       }
-                   });
-               });
+           return reverseNodeTags(graph, nodes).replace(way.update({
+             nodes: nodes,
+             tags: tags
+           }));
+         }
+
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
 
-               // Reverse any associated directions on nodes on the way and then replace
-               // the way itself with the reversed node ids and updated way tags
-               return reverseNodeTags(graph, nodes)
-                   .replace(way.update({nodes: nodes, tags: tags}));
+           if (entity.type === 'way') {
+             return reverseWay(graph, entity);
            }
 
+           return reverseNodeTags(graph, [entityID]);
+         };
 
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
-               if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                   return reverseWay(graph, entity);
-               }
-               return reverseNodeTags(graph, [entityID]);
-           };
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           var entity = graph.hasEntity(entityID);
+           if (!entity || entity.type === 'way') return false;
 
-           action.disabled = function(graph) {
-               var entity = graph.hasEntity(entityID);
-               if (!entity || entity.type === 'way') return false;
+           for (var key in entity.tags) {
+             var value = entity.tags[key];
 
-               for (var key in entity.tags) {
-                   var value = entity.tags[key];
-                   if (reverseKey(key) !== key || reverseValue(key, value, true) !== value) {
-                       return false;
-                   }
-               }
-               return 'nondirectional_node';
-           };
+             if (reverseKey(key) !== key || reverseValue(key, value, true) !== value) {
+               return false;
+             }
+           }
 
-           action.entityID = function() {
-               return entityID;
-           };
+           return 'nondirectional_node';
+         };
 
-           return action;
+         action.entityID = function () {
+           return entityID;
+         };
+
+         return action;
        }
 
        function osmIsInterestingTag(key) {
-           return key !== 'attribution' &&
-               key !== 'created_by' &&
-               key !== 'source' &&
-               key !== 'odbl' &&
-               key.indexOf('source:') !== 0 &&
-               key.indexOf('source_ref') !== 0 && // purposely exclude colon
-               key.indexOf('tiger:') !== 0;
+         return key !== 'attribution' && key !== 'created_by' && key !== 'source' && key !== 'odbl' && key.indexOf('source:') !== 0 && key.indexOf('source_ref') !== 0 && // purposely exclude colon
+         key.indexOf('tiger:') !== 0;
        }
-
        var osmAreaKeys = {};
        function osmSetAreaKeys(value) {
-           osmAreaKeys = value;
-       }
+         osmAreaKeys = value;
+       } // returns an object with the tag from `tags` that implies an area geometry, if any
 
-       // returns an object with the tag from `tags` that implies an area geometry, if any
        function osmTagSuggestingArea(tags) {
-           if (tags.area === 'yes') return { area: 'yes' };
-           if (tags.area === 'no') return null;
-
-           // `highway` and `railway` are typically linear features, but there
-           // are a few exceptions that should be treated as areas, even in the
-           // absence of a proper `area=yes` or `areaKeys` tag.. see #4194
-           var lineKeys = {
-               highway: {
-                   rest_area: true,
-                   services: true
-               },
-               railway: {
-                   roundhouse: true,
-                   station: true,
-                   traverser: true,
-                   turntable: true,
-                   wash: true
-               }
-           };
-           var returnTags = {};
-           for (var key in tags) {
-               if (key in osmAreaKeys && !(tags[key] in osmAreaKeys[key])) {
-                   returnTags[key] = tags[key];
-                   return returnTags;
-               }
-               if (key in lineKeys && tags[key] in lineKeys[key]) {
-                   returnTags[key] = tags[key];
-                   return returnTags;
-               }
+         if (tags.area === 'yes') return {
+           area: 'yes'
+         };
+         if (tags.area === 'no') return null; // `highway` and `railway` are typically linear features, but there
+         // are a few exceptions that should be treated as areas, even in the
+         // absence of a proper `area=yes` or `areaKeys` tag.. see #4194
+
+         var lineKeys = {
+           highway: {
+             rest_area: true,
+             services: true
+           },
+           railway: {
+             roundhouse: true,
+             station: true,
+             traverser: true,
+             turntable: true,
+             wash: true
            }
-           return null;
-       }
+         };
+         var returnTags = {};
+
+         for (var key in tags) {
+           if (key in osmAreaKeys && !(tags[key] in osmAreaKeys[key])) {
+             returnTags[key] = tags[key];
+             return returnTags;
+           }
+
+           if (key in lineKeys && tags[key] in lineKeys[key]) {
+             returnTags[key] = tags[key];
+             return returnTags;
+           }
+         }
 
-       // Tags that indicate a node can be a standalone point
+         return null;
+       } // Tags that indicate a node can be a standalone point
        // e.g. { amenity: { bar: true, parking: true, ... } ... }
+
        var osmPointTags = {};
        function osmSetPointTags(value) {
-           osmPointTags = value;
-       }
-       // Tags that indicate a node can be part of a way
+         osmPointTags = value;
+       } // Tags that indicate a node can be part of a way
        // e.g. { amenity: { parking: true, ... }, highway: { stop: true ... } ... }
+
        var osmVertexTags = {};
        function osmSetVertexTags(value) {
-           osmVertexTags = value;
+         osmVertexTags = value;
        }
-
        function osmNodeGeometriesForTags(nodeTags) {
-           var geometries = {};
-           for (var key in nodeTags) {
-               if (osmPointTags[key] &&
-                   (osmPointTags[key]['*'] || osmPointTags[key][nodeTags[key]])) {
-                   geometries.point = true;
-               }
-               if (osmVertexTags[key] &&
-                   (osmVertexTags[key]['*'] || osmVertexTags[key][nodeTags[key]])) {
-                   geometries.vertex = true;
-               }
-               // break early if both are already supported
-               if (geometries.point && geometries.vertex) break;
+         var geometries = {};
+
+         for (var key in nodeTags) {
+           if (osmPointTags[key] && (osmPointTags[key]['*'] || osmPointTags[key][nodeTags[key]])) {
+             geometries.point = true;
            }
-           return geometries;
-       }
 
+           if (osmVertexTags[key] && (osmVertexTags[key]['*'] || osmVertexTags[key][nodeTags[key]])) {
+             geometries.vertex = true;
+           } // break early if both are already supported
+
+
+           if (geometries.point && geometries.vertex) break;
+         }
+
+         return geometries;
+       }
        var osmOneWayTags = {
-           'aerialway': {
-               'chair_lift': true,
-               'drag_lift': true,
-               'j-bar': true,
-               'magic_carpet': true,
-               'mixed_lift': true,
-               'platter': true,
-               'rope_tow': true,
-               't-bar': true,
-               'zip_line': true
-           },
-           'highway': {
-               'motorway': true
-           },
-           'junction': {
-               'circular': true,
-               'roundabout': true
-           },
-           'man_made': {
-               'goods_conveyor': true,
-               'piste:halfpipe': true
-           },
-           'piste:type': {
-               'downhill': true,
-               'sled': true,
-               'yes': true
-           },
-           'waterway': {
-               'canal': true,
-               'ditch': true,
-               'drain': true,
-               'fish_pass': true,
-               'river': true,
-               'stream': true,
-               'tidal_channel': true
-           }
-       };
+         'aerialway': {
+           'chair_lift': true,
+           'drag_lift': true,
+           'j-bar': true,
+           'magic_carpet': true,
+           'mixed_lift': true,
+           'platter': true,
+           'rope_tow': true,
+           't-bar': true,
+           'zip_line': true
+         },
+         'highway': {
+           'motorway': true
+         },
+         'junction': {
+           'circular': true,
+           'roundabout': true
+         },
+         'man_made': {
+           'goods_conveyor': true,
+           'piste:halfpipe': true
+         },
+         'piste:type': {
+           'downhill': true,
+           'sled': true,
+           'yes': true
+         },
+         'seamark:type': {
+           'separation_lane': true,
+           'separation_roundabout': true
+         },
+         'waterway': {
+           'canal': true,
+           'ditch': true,
+           'drain': true,
+           'fish_pass': true,
+           'river': true,
+           'stream': true,
+           'tidal_channel': true
+         }
+       }; // solid and smooth surfaces akin to the assumed default road surface in OSM
 
-       // solid and smooth surfaces akin to the assumed default road surface in OSM
        var osmPavedTags = {
-           'surface': {
-               'paved': true,
-               'asphalt': true,
-               'concrete': true,
-               'concrete:lanes': true,
-               'concrete:plates': true
-           },
-           'tracktype': {
-               'grade1': true
-           }
-       };
+         'surface': {
+           'paved': true,
+           'asphalt': true,
+           'concrete': true,
+           'concrete:lanes': true,
+           'concrete:plates': true
+         },
+         'tracktype': {
+           'grade1': true
+         }
+       }; // solid, if somewhat uncommon surfaces with a high range of smoothness
 
-       // solid, if somewhat uncommon surfaces with a high range of smoothness
        var osmSemipavedTags = {
-           'surface': {
-               'cobblestone': true,
-               'cobblestone:flattened': true,
-               'unhewn_cobblestone': true,
-               'sett': true,
-               'paving_stones': true,
-               'metal': true,
-               'wood': true
-           }
+         'surface': {
+           'cobblestone': true,
+           'cobblestone:flattened': true,
+           'unhewn_cobblestone': true,
+           'sett': true,
+           'paving_stones': true,
+           'metal': true,
+           'wood': true
+         }
        };
-
        var osmRightSideIsInsideTags = {
-           'natural': {
-               'cliff': true,
-               'coastline': 'coastline',
-           },
-           'barrier': {
-               'retaining_wall': true,
-               'kerb': true,
-               'guard_rail': true,
-               'city_wall': true,
-           },
-           'man_made': {
-               'embankment': true
-           },
-           'waterway': {
-               'weir': true
-           }
-       };
-
-       // "highway" tag values for pedestrian or vehicle right-of-ways that make up the routable network
+         'natural': {
+           'cliff': true,
+           'coastline': 'coastline'
+         },
+         'barrier': {
+           'retaining_wall': true,
+           'kerb': true,
+           'guard_rail': true,
+           'city_wall': true
+         },
+         'man_made': {
+           'embankment': true
+         },
+         'waterway': {
+           'weir': true
+         }
+       }; // "highway" tag values for pedestrian or vehicle right-of-ways that make up the routable network
        // (does not include `raceway`)
+
        var osmRoutableHighwayTagValues = {
-           motorway: true, trunk: true, primary: true, secondary: true, tertiary: true, residential: true,
-           motorway_link: true, trunk_link: true, primary_link: true, secondary_link: true, tertiary_link: true,
-           unclassified: true, road: true, service: true, track: true, living_street: true, bus_guideway: true,
-           path: true, footway: true, cycleway: true, bridleway: true, pedestrian: true, corridor: true, steps: true
-       };
-       // "highway" tag values that generally do not allow motor vehicles
+         motorway: true,
+         trunk: true,
+         primary: true,
+         secondary: true,
+         tertiary: true,
+         residential: true,
+         motorway_link: true,
+         trunk_link: true,
+         primary_link: true,
+         secondary_link: true,
+         tertiary_link: true,
+         unclassified: true,
+         road: true,
+         service: true,
+         track: true,
+         living_street: true,
+         bus_guideway: true,
+         path: true,
+         footway: true,
+         cycleway: true,
+         bridleway: true,
+         pedestrian: true,
+         corridor: true,
+         steps: true
+       }; // "highway" tag values that generally do not allow motor vehicles
+
        var osmPathHighwayTagValues = {
-           path: true, footway: true, cycleway: true, bridleway: true, pedestrian: true, corridor: true, steps: true
-       };
+         path: true,
+         footway: true,
+         cycleway: true,
+         bridleway: true,
+         pedestrian: true,
+         corridor: true,
+         steps: true
+       }; // "railway" tag values representing existing railroad tracks (purposely does not include 'abandoned')
 
-       // "railway" tag values representing existing railroad tracks (purposely does not include 'abandoned')
        var osmRailwayTrackTagValues = {
-           rail: true, light_rail: true, tram: true, subway: true,
-           monorail: true, funicular: true, miniature: true, narrow_gauge: true,
-           disused: true, preserved: true
-       };
+         rail: true,
+         light_rail: true,
+         tram: true,
+         subway: true,
+         monorail: true,
+         funicular: true,
+         miniature: true,
+         narrow_gauge: true,
+         disused: true,
+         preserved: true
+       }; // "waterway" tag values for line features representing water flow
 
-       // "waterway" tag values for line features representing water flow
        var osmFlowingWaterwayTagValues = {
-           canal: true, ditch: true, drain: true, fish_pass: true, river: true, stream: true, tidal_channel: true
-       };
+         canal: true,
+         ditch: true,
+         drain: true,
+         fish_pass: true,
+         river: true,
+         stream: true,
+         tidal_channel: true
+       };
+
+       var global$e = global$1o;
+       var fails$g = fails$V;
+       var uncurryThis$i = functionUncurryThis;
+       var toString$b = toString$k;
+       var trim$3 = stringTrim.trim;
+       var whitespaces = whitespaces$4;
+
+       var $parseInt$1 = global$e.parseInt;
+       var Symbol$1 = global$e.Symbol;
+       var ITERATOR = Symbol$1 && Symbol$1.iterator;
+       var hex$2 = /^[+-]?0x/i;
+       var exec$3 = uncurryThis$i(hex$2.exec);
+       var FORCED$8 = $parseInt$1(whitespaces + '08') !== 8 || $parseInt$1(whitespaces + '0x16') !== 22
+         // MS Edge 18- broken with boxed symbols
+         || (ITERATOR && !fails$g(function () { $parseInt$1(Object(ITERATOR)); }));
+
+       // `parseInt` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-parseint-string-radix
+       var numberParseInt = FORCED$8 ? function parseInt(string, radix) {
+         var S = trim$3(toString$b(string));
+         return $parseInt$1(S, (radix >>> 0) || (exec$3(hex$2, S) ? 16 : 10));
+       } : $parseInt$1;
+
+       var $$G = _export;
+       var $parseInt = numberParseInt;
+
+       // `parseInt` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-parseint-string-radix
+       $$G({ global: true, forced: parseInt != $parseInt }, {
+         parseInt: $parseInt
+       });
 
-       // Adds floating point numbers with twice the normal precision.
-       // Reference: J. R. Shewchuk, Adaptive Precision Floating-Point Arithmetic and
-       // Fast Robust Geometric Predicates, Discrete & Computational Geometry 18(3)
-       // 305–363 (1997).
-       // Code adapted from GeographicLib by Charles F. F. Karney,
-       // http://geographiclib.sourceforge.net/
+       var internalMetadata = {exports: {}};
 
-       function adder() {
-         return new Adder;
-       }
+       // FF26- bug: ArrayBuffers are non-extensible, but Object.isExtensible does not report it
+       var fails$f = fails$V;
 
-       function Adder() {
-         this.reset();
-       }
+       var arrayBufferNonExtensible = fails$f(function () {
+         if (typeof ArrayBuffer == 'function') {
+           var buffer = new ArrayBuffer(8);
+           // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-isextensible, es/no-object-defineproperty -- safe
+           if (Object.isExtensible(buffer)) Object.defineProperty(buffer, 'a', { value: 8 });
+         }
+       });
 
-       Adder.prototype = {
-         constructor: Adder,
-         reset: function() {
-           this.s = // rounded value
-           this.t = 0; // exact error
-         },
-         add: function(y) {
-           add(temp, y, this.t);
-           add(this, temp.s, this.s);
-           if (this.s) this.t += temp.t;
-           else this.s = temp.t;
-         },
-         valueOf: function() {
-           return this.s;
+       var fails$e = fails$V;
+       var isObject$7 = isObject$s;
+       var classof = classofRaw$1;
+       var ARRAY_BUFFER_NON_EXTENSIBLE = arrayBufferNonExtensible;
+
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-isextensible -- safe
+       var $isExtensible = Object.isExtensible;
+       var FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$1 = fails$e(function () { $isExtensible(1); });
+
+       // `Object.isExtensible` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.isextensible
+       var objectIsExtensible = (FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES$1 || ARRAY_BUFFER_NON_EXTENSIBLE) ? function isExtensible(it) {
+         if (!isObject$7(it)) return false;
+         if (ARRAY_BUFFER_NON_EXTENSIBLE && classof(it) == 'ArrayBuffer') return false;
+         return $isExtensible ? $isExtensible(it) : true;
+       } : $isExtensible;
+
+       var fails$d = fails$V;
+
+       var freezing = !fails$d(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-isextensible, es/no-object-preventextensions -- required for testing
+         return Object.isExtensible(Object.preventExtensions({}));
+       });
+
+       var $$F = _export;
+       var uncurryThis$h = functionUncurryThis;
+       var hiddenKeys = hiddenKeys$6;
+       var isObject$6 = isObject$s;
+       var hasOwn$3 = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var defineProperty$3 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var getOwnPropertyNamesModule = objectGetOwnPropertyNames;
+       var getOwnPropertyNamesExternalModule = objectGetOwnPropertyNamesExternal;
+       var isExtensible = objectIsExtensible;
+       var uid = uid$5;
+       var FREEZING$1 = freezing;
+
+       var REQUIRED = false;
+       var METADATA = uid('meta');
+       var id$1 = 0;
+
+       var setMetadata = function (it) {
+         defineProperty$3(it, METADATA, { value: {
+           objectID: 'O' + id$1++, // object ID
+           weakData: {}          // weak collections IDs
+         } });
+       };
+
+       var fastKey$1 = function (it, create) {
+         // return a primitive with prefix
+         if (!isObject$6(it)) return typeof it == 'symbol' ? it : (typeof it == 'string' ? 'S' : 'P') + it;
+         if (!hasOwn$3(it, METADATA)) {
+           // can't set metadata to uncaught frozen object
+           if (!isExtensible(it)) return 'F';
+           // not necessary to add metadata
+           if (!create) return 'E';
+           // add missing metadata
+           setMetadata(it);
+         // return object ID
+         } return it[METADATA].objectID;
+       };
+
+       var getWeakData = function (it, create) {
+         if (!hasOwn$3(it, METADATA)) {
+           // can't set metadata to uncaught frozen object
+           if (!isExtensible(it)) return true;
+           // not necessary to add metadata
+           if (!create) return false;
+           // add missing metadata
+           setMetadata(it);
+         // return the store of weak collections IDs
+         } return it[METADATA].weakData;
+       };
+
+       // add metadata on freeze-family methods calling
+       var onFreeze$1 = function (it) {
+         if (FREEZING$1 && REQUIRED && isExtensible(it) && !hasOwn$3(it, METADATA)) setMetadata(it);
+         return it;
+       };
+
+       var enable = function () {
+         meta.enable = function () { /* empty */ };
+         REQUIRED = true;
+         var getOwnPropertyNames = getOwnPropertyNamesModule.f;
+         var splice = uncurryThis$h([].splice);
+         var test = {};
+         test[METADATA] = 1;
+
+         // prevent exposing of metadata key
+         if (getOwnPropertyNames(test).length) {
+           getOwnPropertyNamesModule.f = function (it) {
+             var result = getOwnPropertyNames(it);
+             for (var i = 0, length = result.length; i < length; i++) {
+               if (result[i] === METADATA) {
+                 splice(result, i, 1);
+                 break;
+               }
+             } return result;
+           };
+
+           $$F({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: true }, {
+             getOwnPropertyNames: getOwnPropertyNamesExternalModule.f
+           });
          }
        };
 
-       var temp = new Adder;
+       var meta = internalMetadata.exports = {
+         enable: enable,
+         fastKey: fastKey$1,
+         getWeakData: getWeakData,
+         onFreeze: onFreeze$1
+       };
+
+       hiddenKeys[METADATA] = true;
+
+       var $$E = _export;
+       var global$d = global$1o;
+       var uncurryThis$g = functionUncurryThis;
+       var isForced$2 = isForced_1;
+       var redefine$4 = redefine$h.exports;
+       var InternalMetadataModule = internalMetadata.exports;
+       var iterate$1 = iterate$3;
+       var anInstance$2 = anInstance$7;
+       var isCallable$1 = isCallable$r;
+       var isObject$5 = isObject$s;
+       var fails$c = fails$V;
+       var checkCorrectnessOfIteration$1 = checkCorrectnessOfIteration$4;
+       var setToStringTag$1 = setToStringTag$a;
+       var inheritIfRequired$2 = inheritIfRequired$4;
+
+       var collection$2 = function (CONSTRUCTOR_NAME, wrapper, common) {
+         var IS_MAP = CONSTRUCTOR_NAME.indexOf('Map') !== -1;
+         var IS_WEAK = CONSTRUCTOR_NAME.indexOf('Weak') !== -1;
+         var ADDER = IS_MAP ? 'set' : 'add';
+         var NativeConstructor = global$d[CONSTRUCTOR_NAME];
+         var NativePrototype = NativeConstructor && NativeConstructor.prototype;
+         var Constructor = NativeConstructor;
+         var exported = {};
+
+         var fixMethod = function (KEY) {
+           var uncurriedNativeMethod = uncurryThis$g(NativePrototype[KEY]);
+           redefine$4(NativePrototype, KEY,
+             KEY == 'add' ? function add(value) {
+               uncurriedNativeMethod(this, value === 0 ? 0 : value);
+               return this;
+             } : KEY == 'delete' ? function (key) {
+               return IS_WEAK && !isObject$5(key) ? false : uncurriedNativeMethod(this, key === 0 ? 0 : key);
+             } : KEY == 'get' ? function get(key) {
+               return IS_WEAK && !isObject$5(key) ? undefined : uncurriedNativeMethod(this, key === 0 ? 0 : key);
+             } : KEY == 'has' ? function has(key) {
+               return IS_WEAK && !isObject$5(key) ? false : uncurriedNativeMethod(this, key === 0 ? 0 : key);
+             } : function set(key, value) {
+               uncurriedNativeMethod(this, key === 0 ? 0 : key, value);
+               return this;
+             }
+           );
+         };
 
-       function add(adder, a, b) {
-         var x = adder.s = a + b,
-             bv = x - a,
-             av = x - bv;
-         adder.t = (a - av) + (b - bv);
-       }
+         var REPLACE = isForced$2(
+           CONSTRUCTOR_NAME,
+           !isCallable$1(NativeConstructor) || !(IS_WEAK || NativePrototype.forEach && !fails$c(function () {
+             new NativeConstructor().entries().next();
+           }))
+         );
 
-       var epsilon = 1e-6;
-       var epsilon2 = 1e-12;
-       var pi = Math.PI;
-       var halfPi = pi / 2;
-       var quarterPi = pi / 4;
-       var tau = pi * 2;
+         if (REPLACE) {
+           // create collection constructor
+           Constructor = common.getConstructor(wrapper, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME, IS_MAP, ADDER);
+           InternalMetadataModule.enable();
+         } else if (isForced$2(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME, true)) {
+           var instance = new Constructor();
+           // early implementations not supports chaining
+           var HASNT_CHAINING = instance[ADDER](IS_WEAK ? {} : -0, 1) != instance;
+           // V8 ~ Chromium 40- weak-collections throws on primitives, but should return false
+           var THROWS_ON_PRIMITIVES = fails$c(function () { instance.has(1); });
+           // most early implementations doesn't supports iterables, most modern - not close it correctly
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-new -- required for testing
+           var ACCEPT_ITERABLES = checkCorrectnessOfIteration$1(function (iterable) { new NativeConstructor(iterable); });
+           // for early implementations -0 and +0 not the same
+           var BUGGY_ZERO = !IS_WEAK && fails$c(function () {
+             // V8 ~ Chromium 42- fails only with 5+ elements
+             var $instance = new NativeConstructor();
+             var index = 5;
+             while (index--) $instance[ADDER](index, index);
+             return !$instance.has(-0);
+           });
 
-       var degrees = 180 / pi;
-       var radians = pi / 180;
+           if (!ACCEPT_ITERABLES) {
+             Constructor = wrapper(function (dummy, iterable) {
+               anInstance$2(dummy, NativePrototype);
+               var that = inheritIfRequired$2(new NativeConstructor(), dummy, Constructor);
+               if (iterable != undefined) iterate$1(iterable, that[ADDER], { that: that, AS_ENTRIES: IS_MAP });
+               return that;
+             });
+             Constructor.prototype = NativePrototype;
+             NativePrototype.constructor = Constructor;
+           }
 
-       var abs$2 = Math.abs;
-       var atan = Math.atan;
-       var atan2 = Math.atan2;
-       var cos = Math.cos;
-       var exp = Math.exp;
-       var log = Math.log;
-       var sin = Math.sin;
-       var sign$2 = Math.sign || function(x) { return x > 0 ? 1 : x < 0 ? -1 : 0; };
-       var sqrt = Math.sqrt;
-       var tan = Math.tan;
+           if (THROWS_ON_PRIMITIVES || BUGGY_ZERO) {
+             fixMethod('delete');
+             fixMethod('has');
+             IS_MAP && fixMethod('get');
+           }
 
-       function acos(x) {
-         return x > 1 ? 0 : x < -1 ? pi : Math.acos(x);
-       }
+           if (BUGGY_ZERO || HASNT_CHAINING) fixMethod(ADDER);
 
-       function asin(x) {
-         return x > 1 ? halfPi : x < -1 ? -halfPi : Math.asin(x);
-       }
+           // weak collections should not contains .clear method
+           if (IS_WEAK && NativePrototype.clear) delete NativePrototype.clear;
+         }
 
-       function noop$2() {}
+         exported[CONSTRUCTOR_NAME] = Constructor;
+         $$E({ global: true, forced: Constructor != NativeConstructor }, exported);
 
-       function streamGeometry(geometry, stream) {
-         if (geometry && streamGeometryType.hasOwnProperty(geometry.type)) {
-           streamGeometryType[geometry.type](geometry, stream);
-         }
-       }
+         setToStringTag$1(Constructor, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
 
-       var streamObjectType = {
-         Feature: function(object, stream) {
-           streamGeometry(object.geometry, stream);
-         },
-         FeatureCollection: function(object, stream) {
-           var features = object.features, i = -1, n = features.length;
-           while (++i < n) streamGeometry(features[i].geometry, stream);
-         }
+         if (!IS_WEAK) common.setStrong(Constructor, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME, IS_MAP);
+
+         return Constructor;
        };
 
-       var streamGeometryType = {
-         Sphere: function(object, stream) {
-           stream.sphere();
-         },
-         Point: function(object, stream) {
-           object = object.coordinates;
-           stream.point(object[0], object[1], object[2]);
-         },
-         MultiPoint: function(object, stream) {
-           var coordinates = object.coordinates, i = -1, n = coordinates.length;
-           while (++i < n) object = coordinates[i], stream.point(object[0], object[1], object[2]);
-         },
-         LineString: function(object, stream) {
-           streamLine(object.coordinates, stream, 0);
-         },
-         MultiLineString: function(object, stream) {
-           var coordinates = object.coordinates, i = -1, n = coordinates.length;
-           while (++i < n) streamLine(coordinates[i], stream, 0);
-         },
-         Polygon: function(object, stream) {
-           streamPolygon(object.coordinates, stream);
-         },
-         MultiPolygon: function(object, stream) {
-           var coordinates = object.coordinates, i = -1, n = coordinates.length;
-           while (++i < n) streamPolygon(coordinates[i], stream);
+       var defineProperty$2 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var create$3 = objectCreate;
+       var redefineAll = redefineAll$4;
+       var bind$6 = functionBindContext;
+       var anInstance$1 = anInstance$7;
+       var iterate = iterate$3;
+       var defineIterator = defineIterator$3;
+       var setSpecies$1 = setSpecies$5;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$6 = descriptors;
+       var fastKey = internalMetadata.exports.fastKey;
+       var InternalStateModule$1 = internalState;
+
+       var setInternalState$1 = InternalStateModule$1.set;
+       var internalStateGetterFor = InternalStateModule$1.getterFor;
+
+       var collectionStrong$2 = {
+         getConstructor: function (wrapper, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME, IS_MAP, ADDER) {
+           var Constructor = wrapper(function (that, iterable) {
+             anInstance$1(that, Prototype);
+             setInternalState$1(that, {
+               type: CONSTRUCTOR_NAME,
+               index: create$3(null),
+               first: undefined,
+               last: undefined,
+               size: 0
+             });
+             if (!DESCRIPTORS$6) that.size = 0;
+             if (iterable != undefined) iterate(iterable, that[ADDER], { that: that, AS_ENTRIES: IS_MAP });
+           });
+
+           var Prototype = Constructor.prototype;
+
+           var getInternalState = internalStateGetterFor(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
+
+           var define = function (that, key, value) {
+             var state = getInternalState(that);
+             var entry = getEntry(that, key);
+             var previous, index;
+             // change existing entry
+             if (entry) {
+               entry.value = value;
+             // create new entry
+             } else {
+               state.last = entry = {
+                 index: index = fastKey(key, true),
+                 key: key,
+                 value: value,
+                 previous: previous = state.last,
+                 next: undefined,
+                 removed: false
+               };
+               if (!state.first) state.first = entry;
+               if (previous) previous.next = entry;
+               if (DESCRIPTORS$6) state.size++;
+               else that.size++;
+               // add to index
+               if (index !== 'F') state.index[index] = entry;
+             } return that;
+           };
+
+           var getEntry = function (that, key) {
+             var state = getInternalState(that);
+             // fast case
+             var index = fastKey(key);
+             var entry;
+             if (index !== 'F') return state.index[index];
+             // frozen object case
+             for (entry = state.first; entry; entry = entry.next) {
+               if (entry.key == key) return entry;
+             }
+           };
+
+           redefineAll(Prototype, {
+             // `{ Map, Set }.prototype.clear()` methods
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.clear
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype.clear
+             clear: function clear() {
+               var that = this;
+               var state = getInternalState(that);
+               var data = state.index;
+               var entry = state.first;
+               while (entry) {
+                 entry.removed = true;
+                 if (entry.previous) entry.previous = entry.previous.next = undefined;
+                 delete data[entry.index];
+                 entry = entry.next;
+               }
+               state.first = state.last = undefined;
+               if (DESCRIPTORS$6) state.size = 0;
+               else that.size = 0;
+             },
+             // `{ Map, Set }.prototype.delete(key)` methods
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.delete
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype.delete
+             'delete': function (key) {
+               var that = this;
+               var state = getInternalState(that);
+               var entry = getEntry(that, key);
+               if (entry) {
+                 var next = entry.next;
+                 var prev = entry.previous;
+                 delete state.index[entry.index];
+                 entry.removed = true;
+                 if (prev) prev.next = next;
+                 if (next) next.previous = prev;
+                 if (state.first == entry) state.first = next;
+                 if (state.last == entry) state.last = prev;
+                 if (DESCRIPTORS$6) state.size--;
+                 else that.size--;
+               } return !!entry;
+             },
+             // `{ Map, Set }.prototype.forEach(callbackfn, thisArg = undefined)` methods
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.foreach
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype.foreach
+             forEach: function forEach(callbackfn /* , that = undefined */) {
+               var state = getInternalState(this);
+               var boundFunction = bind$6(callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+               var entry;
+               while (entry = entry ? entry.next : state.first) {
+                 boundFunction(entry.value, entry.key, this);
+                 // revert to the last existing entry
+                 while (entry && entry.removed) entry = entry.previous;
+               }
+             },
+             // `{ Map, Set}.prototype.has(key)` methods
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.has
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype.has
+             has: function has(key) {
+               return !!getEntry(this, key);
+             }
+           });
+
+           redefineAll(Prototype, IS_MAP ? {
+             // `Map.prototype.get(key)` method
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.get
+             get: function get(key) {
+               var entry = getEntry(this, key);
+               return entry && entry.value;
+             },
+             // `Map.prototype.set(key, value)` method
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.set
+             set: function set(key, value) {
+               return define(this, key === 0 ? 0 : key, value);
+             }
+           } : {
+             // `Set.prototype.add(value)` method
+             // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype.add
+             add: function add(value) {
+               return define(this, value = value === 0 ? 0 : value, value);
+             }
+           });
+           if (DESCRIPTORS$6) defineProperty$2(Prototype, 'size', {
+             get: function () {
+               return getInternalState(this).size;
+             }
+           });
+           return Constructor;
          },
-         GeometryCollection: function(object, stream) {
-           var geometries = object.geometries, i = -1, n = geometries.length;
-           while (++i < n) streamGeometry(geometries[i], stream);
+         setStrong: function (Constructor, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME, IS_MAP) {
+           var ITERATOR_NAME = CONSTRUCTOR_NAME + ' Iterator';
+           var getInternalCollectionState = internalStateGetterFor(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
+           var getInternalIteratorState = internalStateGetterFor(ITERATOR_NAME);
+           // `{ Map, Set }.prototype.{ keys, values, entries, @@iterator }()` methods
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.entries
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.keys
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype.values
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map.prototype-@@iterator
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype.entries
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype.keys
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype.values
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set.prototype-@@iterator
+           defineIterator(Constructor, CONSTRUCTOR_NAME, function (iterated, kind) {
+             setInternalState$1(this, {
+               type: ITERATOR_NAME,
+               target: iterated,
+               state: getInternalCollectionState(iterated),
+               kind: kind,
+               last: undefined
+             });
+           }, function () {
+             var state = getInternalIteratorState(this);
+             var kind = state.kind;
+             var entry = state.last;
+             // revert to the last existing entry
+             while (entry && entry.removed) entry = entry.previous;
+             // get next entry
+             if (!state.target || !(state.last = entry = entry ? entry.next : state.state.first)) {
+               // or finish the iteration
+               state.target = undefined;
+               return { value: undefined, done: true };
+             }
+             // return step by kind
+             if (kind == 'keys') return { value: entry.key, done: false };
+             if (kind == 'values') return { value: entry.value, done: false };
+             return { value: [entry.key, entry.value], done: false };
+           }, IS_MAP ? 'entries' : 'values', !IS_MAP, true);
+
+           // `{ Map, Set }.prototype[@@species]` accessors
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-get-map-@@species
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-get-set-@@species
+           setSpecies$1(CONSTRUCTOR_NAME);
+         }
+       };
+
+       var collection$1 = collection$2;
+       var collectionStrong$1 = collectionStrong$2;
+
+       // `Set` constructor
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-set-objects
+       collection$1('Set', function (init) {
+         return function Set() { return init(this, arguments.length ? arguments[0] : undefined); };
+       }, collectionStrong$1);
+
+       function d3_ascending (a, b) {
+         return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : a >= b ? 0 : NaN;
+       }
+
+       function d3_bisector (f) {
+         var delta = f;
+         var compare = f;
+
+         if (f.length === 1) {
+           delta = function delta(d, x) {
+             return f(d) - x;
+           };
+
+           compare = ascendingComparator(f);
          }
-       };
 
-       function streamLine(coordinates, stream, closed) {
-         var i = -1, n = coordinates.length - closed, coordinate;
-         stream.lineStart();
-         while (++i < n) coordinate = coordinates[i], stream.point(coordinate[0], coordinate[1], coordinate[2]);
-         stream.lineEnd();
-       }
+         function left(a, x, lo, hi) {
+           if (lo == null) lo = 0;
+           if (hi == null) hi = a.length;
 
-       function streamPolygon(coordinates, stream) {
-         var i = -1, n = coordinates.length;
-         stream.polygonStart();
-         while (++i < n) streamLine(coordinates[i], stream, 1);
-         stream.polygonEnd();
-       }
+           while (lo < hi) {
+             var mid = lo + hi >>> 1;
+             if (compare(a[mid], x) < 0) lo = mid + 1;else hi = mid;
+           }
 
-       function d3_geoStream(object, stream) {
-         if (object && streamObjectType.hasOwnProperty(object.type)) {
-           streamObjectType[object.type](object, stream);
-         } else {
-           streamGeometry(object, stream);
+           return lo;
          }
-       }
 
-       var areaRingSum = adder();
+         function right(a, x, lo, hi) {
+           if (lo == null) lo = 0;
+           if (hi == null) hi = a.length;
 
-       var areaSum = adder(),
-           lambda00,
-           phi00,
-           lambda0,
-           cosPhi0,
-           sinPhi0;
+           while (lo < hi) {
+             var mid = lo + hi >>> 1;
+             if (compare(a[mid], x) > 0) hi = mid;else lo = mid + 1;
+           }
 
-       var areaStream = {
-         point: noop$2,
-         lineStart: noop$2,
-         lineEnd: noop$2,
-         polygonStart: function() {
-           areaRingSum.reset();
-           areaStream.lineStart = areaRingStart;
-           areaStream.lineEnd = areaRingEnd;
-         },
-         polygonEnd: function() {
-           var areaRing = +areaRingSum;
-           areaSum.add(areaRing < 0 ? tau + areaRing : areaRing);
-           this.lineStart = this.lineEnd = this.point = noop$2;
-         },
-         sphere: function() {
-           areaSum.add(tau);
+           return lo;
          }
-       };
 
-       function areaRingStart() {
-         areaStream.point = areaPointFirst;
-       }
+         function center(a, x, lo, hi) {
+           if (lo == null) lo = 0;
+           if (hi == null) hi = a.length;
+           var i = left(a, x, lo, hi - 1);
+           return i > lo && delta(a[i - 1], x) > -delta(a[i], x) ? i - 1 : i;
+         }
 
-       function areaRingEnd() {
-         areaPoint(lambda00, phi00);
+         return {
+           left: left,
+           center: center,
+           right: right
+         };
        }
 
-       function areaPointFirst(lambda, phi) {
-         areaStream.point = areaPoint;
-         lambda00 = lambda, phi00 = phi;
-         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
-         lambda0 = lambda, cosPhi0 = cos(phi = phi / 2 + quarterPi), sinPhi0 = sin(phi);
+       function ascendingComparator(f) {
+         return function (d, x) {
+           return d3_ascending(f(d), x);
+         };
        }
 
-       function areaPoint(lambda, phi) {
-         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
-         phi = phi / 2 + quarterPi; // half the angular distance from south pole
+       var defineWellKnownSymbol = defineWellKnownSymbol$4;
 
-         // Spherical excess E for a spherical triangle with vertices: south pole,
-         // previous point, current point.  Uses a formula derived from Cagnoli’s
-         // theorem.  See Todhunter, Spherical Trig. (1871), Sec. 103, Eq. (2).
-         var dLambda = lambda - lambda0,
-             sdLambda = dLambda >= 0 ? 1 : -1,
-             adLambda = sdLambda * dLambda,
-             cosPhi = cos(phi),
-             sinPhi = sin(phi),
-             k = sinPhi0 * sinPhi,
-             u = cosPhi0 * cosPhi + k * cos(adLambda),
-             v = k * sdLambda * sin(adLambda);
-         areaRingSum.add(atan2(v, u));
+       // `Symbol.asyncIterator` well-known symbol
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-symbol.asynciterator
+       defineWellKnownSymbol('asyncIterator');
 
-         // Advance the previous points.
-         lambda0 = lambda, cosPhi0 = cosPhi, sinPhi0 = sinPhi;
-       }
+       var runtime = {exports: {}};
 
-       function d3_geoArea(object) {
-         areaSum.reset();
-         d3_geoStream(object, areaStream);
-         return areaSum * 2;
-       }
+       (function (module) {
+         var runtime = function (exports) {
 
-       function spherical(cartesian) {
-         return [atan2(cartesian[1], cartesian[0]), asin(cartesian[2])];
-       }
+           var Op = Object.prototype;
+           var hasOwn = Op.hasOwnProperty;
+           var undefined$1; // More compressible than void 0.
 
-       function cartesian(spherical) {
-         var lambda = spherical[0], phi = spherical[1], cosPhi = cos(phi);
-         return [cosPhi * cos(lambda), cosPhi * sin(lambda), sin(phi)];
-       }
+           var $Symbol = typeof Symbol === "function" ? Symbol : {};
+           var iteratorSymbol = $Symbol.iterator || "@@iterator";
+           var asyncIteratorSymbol = $Symbol.asyncIterator || "@@asyncIterator";
+           var toStringTagSymbol = $Symbol.toStringTag || "@@toStringTag";
 
-       function cartesianDot(a, b) {
-         return a[0] * b[0] + a[1] * b[1] + a[2] * b[2];
-       }
+           function define(obj, key, value) {
+             Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
+               value: value,
+               enumerable: true,
+               configurable: true,
+               writable: true
+             });
+             return obj[key];
+           }
 
-       function cartesianCross(a, b) {
-         return [a[1] * b[2] - a[2] * b[1], a[2] * b[0] - a[0] * b[2], a[0] * b[1] - a[1] * b[0]];
-       }
+           try {
+             // IE 8 has a broken Object.defineProperty that only works on DOM objects.
+             define({}, "");
+           } catch (err) {
+             define = function define(obj, key, value) {
+               return obj[key] = value;
+             };
+           }
 
-       // TODO return a
-       function cartesianAddInPlace(a, b) {
-         a[0] += b[0], a[1] += b[1], a[2] += b[2];
-       }
+           function wrap(innerFn, outerFn, self, tryLocsList) {
+             // If outerFn provided and outerFn.prototype is a Generator, then outerFn.prototype instanceof Generator.
+             var protoGenerator = outerFn && outerFn.prototype instanceof Generator ? outerFn : Generator;
+             var generator = Object.create(protoGenerator.prototype);
+             var context = new Context(tryLocsList || []); // The ._invoke method unifies the implementations of the .next,
+             // .throw, and .return methods.
 
-       function cartesianScale(vector, k) {
-         return [vector[0] * k, vector[1] * k, vector[2] * k];
-       }
+             generator._invoke = makeInvokeMethod(innerFn, self, context);
+             return generator;
+           }
 
-       // TODO return d
-       function cartesianNormalizeInPlace(d) {
-         var l = sqrt(d[0] * d[0] + d[1] * d[1] + d[2] * d[2]);
-         d[0] /= l, d[1] /= l, d[2] /= l;
-       }
+           exports.wrap = wrap; // Try/catch helper to minimize deoptimizations. Returns a completion
+           // record like context.tryEntries[i].completion. This interface could
+           // have been (and was previously) designed to take a closure to be
+           // invoked without arguments, but in all the cases we care about we
+           // already have an existing method we want to call, so there's no need
+           // to create a new function object. We can even get away with assuming
+           // the method takes exactly one argument, since that happens to be true
+           // in every case, so we don't have to touch the arguments object. The
+           // only additional allocation required is the completion record, which
+           // has a stable shape and so hopefully should be cheap to allocate.
 
-       var lambda0$1, phi0, lambda1, phi1, // bounds
-           lambda2, // previous lambda-coordinate
-           lambda00$1, phi00$1, // first point
-           p0, // previous 3D point
-           deltaSum = adder(),
-           ranges,
-           range;
+           function tryCatch(fn, obj, arg) {
+             try {
+               return {
+                 type: "normal",
+                 arg: fn.call(obj, arg)
+               };
+             } catch (err) {
+               return {
+                 type: "throw",
+                 arg: err
+               };
+             }
+           }
 
-       var boundsStream = {
-         point: boundsPoint,
-         lineStart: boundsLineStart,
-         lineEnd: boundsLineEnd,
-         polygonStart: function() {
-           boundsStream.point = boundsRingPoint;
-           boundsStream.lineStart = boundsRingStart;
-           boundsStream.lineEnd = boundsRingEnd;
-           deltaSum.reset();
-           areaStream.polygonStart();
-         },
-         polygonEnd: function() {
-           areaStream.polygonEnd();
-           boundsStream.point = boundsPoint;
-           boundsStream.lineStart = boundsLineStart;
-           boundsStream.lineEnd = boundsLineEnd;
-           if (areaRingSum < 0) lambda0$1 = -(lambda1 = 180), phi0 = -(phi1 = 90);
-           else if (deltaSum > epsilon) phi1 = 90;
-           else if (deltaSum < -epsilon) phi0 = -90;
-           range[0] = lambda0$1, range[1] = lambda1;
-         },
-         sphere: function() {
-           lambda0$1 = -(lambda1 = 180), phi0 = -(phi1 = 90);
-         }
-       };
+           var GenStateSuspendedStart = "suspendedStart";
+           var GenStateSuspendedYield = "suspendedYield";
+           var GenStateExecuting = "executing";
+           var GenStateCompleted = "completed"; // Returning this object from the innerFn has the same effect as
+           // breaking out of the dispatch switch statement.
 
-       function boundsPoint(lambda, phi) {
-         ranges.push(range = [lambda0$1 = lambda, lambda1 = lambda]);
-         if (phi < phi0) phi0 = phi;
-         if (phi > phi1) phi1 = phi;
-       }
+           var ContinueSentinel = {}; // Dummy constructor functions that we use as the .constructor and
+           // .constructor.prototype properties for functions that return Generator
+           // objects. For full spec compliance, you may wish to configure your
+           // minifier not to mangle the names of these two functions.
 
-       function linePoint(lambda, phi) {
-         var p = cartesian([lambda * radians, phi * radians]);
-         if (p0) {
-           var normal = cartesianCross(p0, p),
-               equatorial = [normal[1], -normal[0], 0],
-               inflection = cartesianCross(equatorial, normal);
-           cartesianNormalizeInPlace(inflection);
-           inflection = spherical(inflection);
-           var delta = lambda - lambda2,
-               sign = delta > 0 ? 1 : -1,
-               lambdai = inflection[0] * degrees * sign,
-               phii,
-               antimeridian = abs$2(delta) > 180;
-           if (antimeridian ^ (sign * lambda2 < lambdai && lambdai < sign * lambda)) {
-             phii = inflection[1] * degrees;
-             if (phii > phi1) phi1 = phii;
-           } else if (lambdai = (lambdai + 360) % 360 - 180, antimeridian ^ (sign * lambda2 < lambdai && lambdai < sign * lambda)) {
-             phii = -inflection[1] * degrees;
-             if (phii < phi0) phi0 = phii;
-           } else {
-             if (phi < phi0) phi0 = phi;
-             if (phi > phi1) phi1 = phi;
+           function Generator() {}
+
+           function GeneratorFunction() {}
+
+           function GeneratorFunctionPrototype() {} // This is a polyfill for %IteratorPrototype% for environments that
+           // don't natively support it.
+
+
+           var IteratorPrototype = {};
+           define(IteratorPrototype, iteratorSymbol, function () {
+             return this;
+           });
+           var getProto = Object.getPrototypeOf;
+           var NativeIteratorPrototype = getProto && getProto(getProto(values([])));
+
+           if (NativeIteratorPrototype && NativeIteratorPrototype !== Op && hasOwn.call(NativeIteratorPrototype, iteratorSymbol)) {
+             // This environment has a native %IteratorPrototype%; use it instead
+             // of the polyfill.
+             IteratorPrototype = NativeIteratorPrototype;
+           }
+
+           var Gp = GeneratorFunctionPrototype.prototype = Generator.prototype = Object.create(IteratorPrototype);
+           GeneratorFunction.prototype = GeneratorFunctionPrototype;
+           define(Gp, "constructor", GeneratorFunctionPrototype);
+           define(GeneratorFunctionPrototype, "constructor", GeneratorFunction);
+           GeneratorFunction.displayName = define(GeneratorFunctionPrototype, toStringTagSymbol, "GeneratorFunction"); // Helper for defining the .next, .throw, and .return methods of the
+           // Iterator interface in terms of a single ._invoke method.
+
+           function defineIteratorMethods(prototype) {
+             ["next", "throw", "return"].forEach(function (method) {
+               define(prototype, method, function (arg) {
+                 return this._invoke(method, arg);
+               });
+             });
            }
-           if (antimeridian) {
-             if (lambda < lambda2) {
-               if (angle(lambda0$1, lambda) > angle(lambda0$1, lambda1)) lambda1 = lambda;
-             } else {
-               if (angle(lambda, lambda1) > angle(lambda0$1, lambda1)) lambda0$1 = lambda;
-             }
-           } else {
-             if (lambda1 >= lambda0$1) {
-               if (lambda < lambda0$1) lambda0$1 = lambda;
-               if (lambda > lambda1) lambda1 = lambda;
+
+           exports.isGeneratorFunction = function (genFun) {
+             var ctor = typeof genFun === "function" && genFun.constructor;
+             return ctor ? ctor === GeneratorFunction || // For the native GeneratorFunction constructor, the best we can
+             // do is to check its .name property.
+             (ctor.displayName || ctor.name) === "GeneratorFunction" : false;
+           };
+
+           exports.mark = function (genFun) {
+             if (Object.setPrototypeOf) {
+               Object.setPrototypeOf(genFun, GeneratorFunctionPrototype);
              } else {
-               if (lambda > lambda2) {
-                 if (angle(lambda0$1, lambda) > angle(lambda0$1, lambda1)) lambda1 = lambda;
-               } else {
-                 if (angle(lambda, lambda1) > angle(lambda0$1, lambda1)) lambda0$1 = lambda;
-               }
+               genFun.__proto__ = GeneratorFunctionPrototype;
+               define(genFun, toStringTagSymbol, "GeneratorFunction");
              }
-           }
-         } else {
-           ranges.push(range = [lambda0$1 = lambda, lambda1 = lambda]);
-         }
-         if (phi < phi0) phi0 = phi;
-         if (phi > phi1) phi1 = phi;
-         p0 = p, lambda2 = lambda;
-       }
-
-       function boundsLineStart() {
-         boundsStream.point = linePoint;
-       }
 
-       function boundsLineEnd() {
-         range[0] = lambda0$1, range[1] = lambda1;
-         boundsStream.point = boundsPoint;
-         p0 = null;
-       }
+             genFun.prototype = Object.create(Gp);
+             return genFun;
+           }; // Within the body of any async function, `await x` is transformed to
+           // `yield regeneratorRuntime.awrap(x)`, so that the runtime can test
+           // `hasOwn.call(value, "__await")` to determine if the yielded value is
+           // meant to be awaited.
 
-       function boundsRingPoint(lambda, phi) {
-         if (p0) {
-           var delta = lambda - lambda2;
-           deltaSum.add(abs$2(delta) > 180 ? delta + (delta > 0 ? 360 : -360) : delta);
-         } else {
-           lambda00$1 = lambda, phi00$1 = phi;
-         }
-         areaStream.point(lambda, phi);
-         linePoint(lambda, phi);
-       }
 
-       function boundsRingStart() {
-         areaStream.lineStart();
-       }
+           exports.awrap = function (arg) {
+             return {
+               __await: arg
+             };
+           };
 
-       function boundsRingEnd() {
-         boundsRingPoint(lambda00$1, phi00$1);
-         areaStream.lineEnd();
-         if (abs$2(deltaSum) > epsilon) lambda0$1 = -(lambda1 = 180);
-         range[0] = lambda0$1, range[1] = lambda1;
-         p0 = null;
-       }
+           function AsyncIterator(generator, PromiseImpl) {
+             function invoke(method, arg, resolve, reject) {
+               var record = tryCatch(generator[method], generator, arg);
 
-       // Finds the left-right distance between two longitudes.
-       // This is almost the same as (lambda1 - lambda0 + 360°) % 360°, except that we want
-       // the distance between ±180° to be 360°.
-       function angle(lambda0, lambda1) {
-         return (lambda1 -= lambda0) < 0 ? lambda1 + 360 : lambda1;
-       }
+               if (record.type === "throw") {
+                 reject(record.arg);
+               } else {
+                 var result = record.arg;
+                 var value = result.value;
+
+                 if (value && _typeof(value) === "object" && hasOwn.call(value, "__await")) {
+                   return PromiseImpl.resolve(value.__await).then(function (value) {
+                     invoke("next", value, resolve, reject);
+                   }, function (err) {
+                     invoke("throw", err, resolve, reject);
+                   });
+                 }
 
-       function rangeCompare(a, b) {
-         return a[0] - b[0];
-       }
+                 return PromiseImpl.resolve(value).then(function (unwrapped) {
+                   // When a yielded Promise is resolved, its final value becomes
+                   // the .value of the Promise<{value,done}> result for the
+                   // current iteration.
+                   result.value = unwrapped;
+                   resolve(result);
+                 }, function (error) {
+                   // If a rejected Promise was yielded, throw the rejection back
+                   // into the async generator function so it can be handled there.
+                   return invoke("throw", error, resolve, reject);
+                 });
+               }
+             }
 
-       function rangeContains(range, x) {
-         return range[0] <= range[1] ? range[0] <= x && x <= range[1] : x < range[0] || range[1] < x;
-       }
+             var previousPromise;
 
-       function d3_geoBounds(feature) {
-         var i, n, a, b, merged, deltaMax, delta;
+             function enqueue(method, arg) {
+               function callInvokeWithMethodAndArg() {
+                 return new PromiseImpl(function (resolve, reject) {
+                   invoke(method, arg, resolve, reject);
+                 });
+               }
 
-         phi1 = lambda1 = -(lambda0$1 = phi0 = Infinity);
-         ranges = [];
-         d3_geoStream(feature, boundsStream);
+               return previousPromise = // If enqueue has been called before, then we want to wait until
+               // all previous Promises have been resolved before calling invoke,
+               // so that results are always delivered in the correct order. If
+               // enqueue has not been called before, then it is important to
+               // call invoke immediately, without waiting on a callback to fire,
+               // so that the async generator function has the opportunity to do
+               // any necessary setup in a predictable way. This predictability
+               // is why the Promise constructor synchronously invokes its
+               // executor callback, and why async functions synchronously
+               // execute code before the first await. Since we implement simple
+               // async functions in terms of async generators, it is especially
+               // important to get this right, even though it requires care.
+               previousPromise ? previousPromise.then(callInvokeWithMethodAndArg, // Avoid propagating failures to Promises returned by later
+               // invocations of the iterator.
+               callInvokeWithMethodAndArg) : callInvokeWithMethodAndArg();
+             } // Define the unified helper method that is used to implement .next,
+             // .throw, and .return (see defineIteratorMethods).
 
-         // First, sort ranges by their minimum longitudes.
-         if (n = ranges.length) {
-           ranges.sort(rangeCompare);
 
-           // Then, merge any ranges that overlap.
-           for (i = 1, a = ranges[0], merged = [a]; i < n; ++i) {
-             b = ranges[i];
-             if (rangeContains(a, b[0]) || rangeContains(a, b[1])) {
-               if (angle(a[0], b[1]) > angle(a[0], a[1])) a[1] = b[1];
-               if (angle(b[0], a[1]) > angle(a[0], a[1])) a[0] = b[0];
-             } else {
-               merged.push(a = b);
-             }
+             this._invoke = enqueue;
            }
 
-           // Finally, find the largest gap between the merged ranges.
-           // The final bounding box will be the inverse of this gap.
-           for (deltaMax = -Infinity, n = merged.length - 1, i = 0, a = merged[n]; i <= n; a = b, ++i) {
-             b = merged[i];
-             if ((delta = angle(a[1], b[0])) > deltaMax) deltaMax = delta, lambda0$1 = b[0], lambda1 = a[1];
-           }
-         }
+           defineIteratorMethods(AsyncIterator.prototype);
+           define(AsyncIterator.prototype, asyncIteratorSymbol, function () {
+             return this;
+           });
+           exports.AsyncIterator = AsyncIterator; // Note that simple async functions are implemented on top of
+           // AsyncIterator objects; they just return a Promise for the value of
+           // the final result produced by the iterator.
+
+           exports.async = function (innerFn, outerFn, self, tryLocsList, PromiseImpl) {
+             if (PromiseImpl === void 0) PromiseImpl = Promise;
+             var iter = new AsyncIterator(wrap(innerFn, outerFn, self, tryLocsList), PromiseImpl);
+             return exports.isGeneratorFunction(outerFn) ? iter // If outerFn is a generator, return the full iterator.
+             : iter.next().then(function (result) {
+               return result.done ? result.value : iter.next();
+             });
+           };
 
-         ranges = range = null;
+           function makeInvokeMethod(innerFn, self, context) {
+             var state = GenStateSuspendedStart;
+             return function invoke(method, arg) {
+               if (state === GenStateExecuting) {
+                 throw new Error("Generator is already running");
+               }
 
-         return lambda0$1 === Infinity || phi0 === Infinity
-             ? [[NaN, NaN], [NaN, NaN]]
-             : [[lambda0$1, phi0], [lambda1, phi1]];
-       }
+               if (state === GenStateCompleted) {
+                 if (method === "throw") {
+                   throw arg;
+                 } // Be forgiving, per 25.3.3.3.3 of the spec:
+                 // https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-generatorresume
 
-       var W0, W1,
-           X0, Y0, Z0,
-           X1, Y1, Z1,
-           X2, Y2, Z2,
-           lambda00$2, phi00$2, // first point
-           x0, y0, z0; // previous point
 
-       var centroidStream = {
-         sphere: noop$2,
-         point: centroidPoint,
-         lineStart: centroidLineStart,
-         lineEnd: centroidLineEnd,
-         polygonStart: function() {
-           centroidStream.lineStart = centroidRingStart;
-           centroidStream.lineEnd = centroidRingEnd;
-         },
-         polygonEnd: function() {
-           centroidStream.lineStart = centroidLineStart;
-           centroidStream.lineEnd = centroidLineEnd;
-         }
-       };
+                 return doneResult();
+               }
 
-       // Arithmetic mean of Cartesian vectors.
-       function centroidPoint(lambda, phi) {
-         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
-         var cosPhi = cos(phi);
-         centroidPointCartesian(cosPhi * cos(lambda), cosPhi * sin(lambda), sin(phi));
-       }
+               context.method = method;
+               context.arg = arg;
 
-       function centroidPointCartesian(x, y, z) {
-         ++W0;
-         X0 += (x - X0) / W0;
-         Y0 += (y - Y0) / W0;
-         Z0 += (z - Z0) / W0;
-       }
+               while (true) {
+                 var delegate = context.delegate;
 
-       function centroidLineStart() {
-         centroidStream.point = centroidLinePointFirst;
-       }
+                 if (delegate) {
+                   var delegateResult = maybeInvokeDelegate(delegate, context);
 
-       function centroidLinePointFirst(lambda, phi) {
-         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
-         var cosPhi = cos(phi);
-         x0 = cosPhi * cos(lambda);
-         y0 = cosPhi * sin(lambda);
-         z0 = sin(phi);
-         centroidStream.point = centroidLinePoint;
-         centroidPointCartesian(x0, y0, z0);
-       }
+                   if (delegateResult) {
+                     if (delegateResult === ContinueSentinel) continue;
+                     return delegateResult;
+                   }
+                 }
 
-       function centroidLinePoint(lambda, phi) {
-         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
-         var cosPhi = cos(phi),
-             x = cosPhi * cos(lambda),
-             y = cosPhi * sin(lambda),
-             z = sin(phi),
-             w = atan2(sqrt((w = y0 * z - z0 * y) * w + (w = z0 * x - x0 * z) * w + (w = x0 * y - y0 * x) * w), x0 * x + y0 * y + z0 * z);
-         W1 += w;
-         X1 += w * (x0 + (x0 = x));
-         Y1 += w * (y0 + (y0 = y));
-         Z1 += w * (z0 + (z0 = z));
-         centroidPointCartesian(x0, y0, z0);
-       }
+                 if (context.method === "next") {
+                   // Setting context._sent for legacy support of Babel's
+                   // function.sent implementation.
+                   context.sent = context._sent = context.arg;
+                 } else if (context.method === "throw") {
+                   if (state === GenStateSuspendedStart) {
+                     state = GenStateCompleted;
+                     throw context.arg;
+                   }
 
-       function centroidLineEnd() {
-         centroidStream.point = centroidPoint;
-       }
+                   context.dispatchException(context.arg);
+                 } else if (context.method === "return") {
+                   context.abrupt("return", context.arg);
+                 }
 
-       // See J. E. Brock, The Inertia Tensor for a Spherical Triangle,
-       // J. Applied Mechanics 42, 239 (1975).
-       function centroidRingStart() {
-         centroidStream.point = centroidRingPointFirst;
-       }
+                 state = GenStateExecuting;
+                 var record = tryCatch(innerFn, self, context);
 
-       function centroidRingEnd() {
-         centroidRingPoint(lambda00$2, phi00$2);
-         centroidStream.point = centroidPoint;
-       }
+                 if (record.type === "normal") {
+                   // If an exception is thrown from innerFn, we leave state ===
+                   // GenStateExecuting and loop back for another invocation.
+                   state = context.done ? GenStateCompleted : GenStateSuspendedYield;
 
-       function centroidRingPointFirst(lambda, phi) {
-         lambda00$2 = lambda, phi00$2 = phi;
-         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
-         centroidStream.point = centroidRingPoint;
-         var cosPhi = cos(phi);
-         x0 = cosPhi * cos(lambda);
-         y0 = cosPhi * sin(lambda);
-         z0 = sin(phi);
-         centroidPointCartesian(x0, y0, z0);
-       }
+                   if (record.arg === ContinueSentinel) {
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-       function centroidRingPoint(lambda, phi) {
-         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
-         var cosPhi = cos(phi),
-             x = cosPhi * cos(lambda),
-             y = cosPhi * sin(lambda),
-             z = sin(phi),
-             cx = y0 * z - z0 * y,
-             cy = z0 * x - x0 * z,
-             cz = x0 * y - y0 * x,
-             m = sqrt(cx * cx + cy * cy + cz * cz),
-             w = asin(m), // line weight = angle
-             v = m && -w / m; // area weight multiplier
-         X2 += v * cx;
-         Y2 += v * cy;
-         Z2 += v * cz;
-         W1 += w;
-         X1 += w * (x0 + (x0 = x));
-         Y1 += w * (y0 + (y0 = y));
-         Z1 += w * (z0 + (z0 = z));
-         centroidPointCartesian(x0, y0, z0);
-       }
-
-       function d3_geoCentroid(object) {
-         W0 = W1 =
-         X0 = Y0 = Z0 =
-         X1 = Y1 = Z1 =
-         X2 = Y2 = Z2 = 0;
-         d3_geoStream(object, centroidStream);
-
-         var x = X2,
-             y = Y2,
-             z = Z2,
-             m = x * x + y * y + z * z;
-
-         // If the area-weighted ccentroid is undefined, fall back to length-weighted ccentroid.
-         if (m < epsilon2) {
-           x = X1, y = Y1, z = Z1;
-           // If the feature has zero length, fall back to arithmetic mean of point vectors.
-           if (W1 < epsilon) x = X0, y = Y0, z = Z0;
-           m = x * x + y * y + z * z;
-           // If the feature still has an undefined ccentroid, then return.
-           if (m < epsilon2) return [NaN, NaN];
-         }
-
-         return [atan2(y, x) * degrees, asin(z / sqrt(m)) * degrees];
-       }
-
-       function compose(a, b) {
+                   return {
+                     value: record.arg,
+                     done: context.done
+                   };
+                 } else if (record.type === "throw") {
+                   state = GenStateCompleted; // Dispatch the exception by looping back around to the
+                   // context.dispatchException(context.arg) call above.
 
-         function compose(x, y) {
-           return x = a(x, y), b(x[0], x[1]);
-         }
+                   context.method = "throw";
+                   context.arg = record.arg;
+                 }
+               }
+             };
+           } // Call delegate.iterator[context.method](context.arg) and handle the
+           // result, either by returning a { value, done } result from the
+           // delegate iterator, or by modifying context.method and context.arg,
+           // setting context.delegate to null, and returning the ContinueSentinel.
+
+
+           function maybeInvokeDelegate(delegate, context) {
+             var method = delegate.iterator[context.method];
+
+             if (method === undefined$1) {
+               // A .throw or .return when the delegate iterator has no .throw
+               // method always terminates the yield* loop.
+               context.delegate = null;
+
+               if (context.method === "throw") {
+                 // Note: ["return"] must be used for ES3 parsing compatibility.
+                 if (delegate.iterator["return"]) {
+                   // If the delegate iterator has a return method, give it a
+                   // chance to clean up.
+                   context.method = "return";
+                   context.arg = undefined$1;
+                   maybeInvokeDelegate(delegate, context);
+
+                   if (context.method === "throw") {
+                     // If maybeInvokeDelegate(context) changed context.method from
+                     // "return" to "throw", let that override the TypeError below.
+                     return ContinueSentinel;
+                   }
+                 }
 
-         if (a.invert && b.invert) compose.invert = function(x, y) {
-           return x = b.invert(x, y), x && a.invert(x[0], x[1]);
-         };
+                 context.method = "throw";
+                 context.arg = new TypeError("The iterator does not provide a 'throw' method");
+               }
 
-         return compose;
-       }
+               return ContinueSentinel;
+             }
 
-       function rotationIdentity(lambda, phi) {
-         return [abs$2(lambda) > pi ? lambda + Math.round(-lambda / tau) * tau : lambda, phi];
-       }
+             var record = tryCatch(method, delegate.iterator, context.arg);
 
-       rotationIdentity.invert = rotationIdentity;
+             if (record.type === "throw") {
+               context.method = "throw";
+               context.arg = record.arg;
+               context.delegate = null;
+               return ContinueSentinel;
+             }
 
-       function rotateRadians(deltaLambda, deltaPhi, deltaGamma) {
-         return (deltaLambda %= tau) ? (deltaPhi || deltaGamma ? compose(rotationLambda(deltaLambda), rotationPhiGamma(deltaPhi, deltaGamma))
-           : rotationLambda(deltaLambda))
-           : (deltaPhi || deltaGamma ? rotationPhiGamma(deltaPhi, deltaGamma)
-           : rotationIdentity);
-       }
+             var info = record.arg;
 
-       function forwardRotationLambda(deltaLambda) {
-         return function(lambda, phi) {
-           return lambda += deltaLambda, [lambda > pi ? lambda - tau : lambda < -pi ? lambda + tau : lambda, phi];
-         };
-       }
+             if (!info) {
+               context.method = "throw";
+               context.arg = new TypeError("iterator result is not an object");
+               context.delegate = null;
+               return ContinueSentinel;
+             }
 
-       function rotationLambda(deltaLambda) {
-         var rotation = forwardRotationLambda(deltaLambda);
-         rotation.invert = forwardRotationLambda(-deltaLambda);
-         return rotation;
-       }
+             if (info.done) {
+               // Assign the result of the finished delegate to the temporary
+               // variable specified by delegate.resultName (see delegateYield).
+               context[delegate.resultName] = info.value; // Resume execution at the desired location (see delegateYield).
 
-       function rotationPhiGamma(deltaPhi, deltaGamma) {
-         var cosDeltaPhi = cos(deltaPhi),
-             sinDeltaPhi = sin(deltaPhi),
-             cosDeltaGamma = cos(deltaGamma),
-             sinDeltaGamma = sin(deltaGamma);
+               context.next = delegate.nextLoc; // If context.method was "throw" but the delegate handled the
+               // exception, let the outer generator proceed normally. If
+               // context.method was "next", forget context.arg since it has been
+               // "consumed" by the delegate iterator. If context.method was
+               // "return", allow the original .return call to continue in the
+               // outer generator.
 
-         function rotation(lambda, phi) {
-           var cosPhi = cos(phi),
-               x = cos(lambda) * cosPhi,
-               y = sin(lambda) * cosPhi,
-               z = sin(phi),
-               k = z * cosDeltaPhi + x * sinDeltaPhi;
-           return [
-             atan2(y * cosDeltaGamma - k * sinDeltaGamma, x * cosDeltaPhi - z * sinDeltaPhi),
-             asin(k * cosDeltaGamma + y * sinDeltaGamma)
-           ];
-         }
+               if (context.method !== "return") {
+                 context.method = "next";
+                 context.arg = undefined$1;
+               }
+             } else {
+               // Re-yield the result returned by the delegate method.
+               return info;
+             } // The delegate iterator is finished, so forget it and continue with
+             // the outer generator.
 
-         rotation.invert = function(lambda, phi) {
-           var cosPhi = cos(phi),
-               x = cos(lambda) * cosPhi,
-               y = sin(lambda) * cosPhi,
-               z = sin(phi),
-               k = z * cosDeltaGamma - y * sinDeltaGamma;
-           return [
-             atan2(y * cosDeltaGamma + z * sinDeltaGamma, x * cosDeltaPhi + k * sinDeltaPhi),
-             asin(k * cosDeltaPhi - x * sinDeltaPhi)
-           ];
-         };
 
-         return rotation;
-       }
+             context.delegate = null;
+             return ContinueSentinel;
+           } // Define Generator.prototype.{next,throw,return} in terms of the
+           // unified ._invoke helper method.
 
-       function rotation(rotate) {
-         rotate = rotateRadians(rotate[0] * radians, rotate[1] * radians, rotate.length > 2 ? rotate[2] * radians : 0);
 
-         function forward(coordinates) {
-           coordinates = rotate(coordinates[0] * radians, coordinates[1] * radians);
-           return coordinates[0] *= degrees, coordinates[1] *= degrees, coordinates;
-         }
+           defineIteratorMethods(Gp);
+           define(Gp, toStringTagSymbol, "Generator"); // A Generator should always return itself as the iterator object when the
+           // @@iterator function is called on it. Some browsers' implementations of the
+           // iterator prototype chain incorrectly implement this, causing the Generator
+           // object to not be returned from this call. This ensures that doesn't happen.
+           // See https://github.com/facebook/regenerator/issues/274 for more details.
 
-         forward.invert = function(coordinates) {
-           coordinates = rotate.invert(coordinates[0] * radians, coordinates[1] * radians);
-           return coordinates[0] *= degrees, coordinates[1] *= degrees, coordinates;
-         };
+           define(Gp, iteratorSymbol, function () {
+             return this;
+           });
+           define(Gp, "toString", function () {
+             return "[object Generator]";
+           });
 
-         return forward;
-       }
+           function pushTryEntry(locs) {
+             var entry = {
+               tryLoc: locs[0]
+             };
 
-       // Generates a circle centered at [0°, 0°], with a given radius and precision.
-       function circleStream(stream, radius, delta, direction, t0, t1) {
-         if (!delta) return;
-         var cosRadius = cos(radius),
-             sinRadius = sin(radius),
-             step = direction * delta;
-         if (t0 == null) {
-           t0 = radius + direction * tau;
-           t1 = radius - step / 2;
-         } else {
-           t0 = circleRadius(cosRadius, t0);
-           t1 = circleRadius(cosRadius, t1);
-           if (direction > 0 ? t0 < t1 : t0 > t1) t0 += direction * tau;
-         }
-         for (var point, t = t0; direction > 0 ? t > t1 : t < t1; t -= step) {
-           point = spherical([cosRadius, -sinRadius * cos(t), -sinRadius * sin(t)]);
-           stream.point(point[0], point[1]);
-         }
-       }
+             if (1 in locs) {
+               entry.catchLoc = locs[1];
+             }
 
-       // Returns the signed angle of a cartesian point relative to [cosRadius, 0, 0].
-       function circleRadius(cosRadius, point) {
-         point = cartesian(point), point[0] -= cosRadius;
-         cartesianNormalizeInPlace(point);
-         var radius = acos(-point[1]);
-         return ((-point[2] < 0 ? -radius : radius) + tau - epsilon) % tau;
-       }
+             if (2 in locs) {
+               entry.finallyLoc = locs[2];
+               entry.afterLoc = locs[3];
+             }
 
-       function clipBuffer() {
-         var lines = [],
-             line;
-         return {
-           point: function(x, y, m) {
-             line.push([x, y, m]);
-           },
-           lineStart: function() {
-             lines.push(line = []);
-           },
-           lineEnd: noop$2,
-           rejoin: function() {
-             if (lines.length > 1) lines.push(lines.pop().concat(lines.shift()));
-           },
-           result: function() {
-             var result = lines;
-             lines = [];
-             line = null;
-             return result;
+             this.tryEntries.push(entry);
            }
-         };
-       }
 
-       function pointEqual(a, b) {
-         return abs$2(a[0] - b[0]) < epsilon && abs$2(a[1] - b[1]) < epsilon;
-       }
-
-       function Intersection(point, points, other, entry) {
-         this.x = point;
-         this.z = points;
-         this.o = other; // another intersection
-         this.e = entry; // is an entry?
-         this.v = false; // visited
-         this.n = this.p = null; // next & previous
-       }
+           function resetTryEntry(entry) {
+             var record = entry.completion || {};
+             record.type = "normal";
+             delete record.arg;
+             entry.completion = record;
+           }
 
-       // A generalized polygon clipping algorithm: given a polygon that has been cut
-       // into its visible line segments, and rejoins the segments by interpolating
-       // along the clip edge.
-       function clipRejoin(segments, compareIntersection, startInside, interpolate, stream) {
-         var subject = [],
-             clip = [],
-             i,
-             n;
+           function Context(tryLocsList) {
+             // The root entry object (effectively a try statement without a catch
+             // or a finally block) gives us a place to store values thrown from
+             // locations where there is no enclosing try statement.
+             this.tryEntries = [{
+               tryLoc: "root"
+             }];
+             tryLocsList.forEach(pushTryEntry, this);
+             this.reset(true);
+           }
 
-         segments.forEach(function(segment) {
-           if ((n = segment.length - 1) <= 0) return;
-           var n, p0 = segment[0], p1 = segment[n], x;
+           exports.keys = function (object) {
+             var keys = [];
 
-           if (pointEqual(p0, p1)) {
-             if (!p0[2] && !p1[2]) {
-               stream.lineStart();
-               for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) stream.point((p0 = segment[i])[0], p0[1]);
-               stream.lineEnd();
-               return;
+             for (var key in object) {
+               keys.push(key);
              }
-             // handle degenerate cases by moving the point
-             p1[0] += 2 * epsilon;
-           }
 
-           subject.push(x = new Intersection(p0, segment, null, true));
-           clip.push(x.o = new Intersection(p0, null, x, false));
-           subject.push(x = new Intersection(p1, segment, null, false));
-           clip.push(x.o = new Intersection(p1, null, x, true));
-         });
+             keys.reverse(); // Rather than returning an object with a next method, we keep
+             // things simple and return the next function itself.
 
-         if (!subject.length) return;
+             return function next() {
+               while (keys.length) {
+                 var key = keys.pop();
 
-         clip.sort(compareIntersection);
-         link(subject);
-         link(clip);
+                 if (key in object) {
+                   next.value = key;
+                   next.done = false;
+                   return next;
+                 }
+               } // To avoid creating an additional object, we just hang the .value
+               // and .done properties off the next function object itself. This
+               // also ensures that the minifier will not anonymize the function.
 
-         for (i = 0, n = clip.length; i < n; ++i) {
-           clip[i].e = startInside = !startInside;
-         }
 
-         var start = subject[0],
-             points,
-             point;
+               next.done = true;
+               return next;
+             };
+           };
 
-         while (1) {
-           // Find first unvisited intersection.
-           var current = start,
-               isSubject = true;
-           while (current.v) if ((current = current.n) === start) return;
-           points = current.z;
-           stream.lineStart();
-           do {
-             current.v = current.o.v = true;
-             if (current.e) {
-               if (isSubject) {
-                 for (i = 0, n = points.length; i < n; ++i) stream.point((point = points[i])[0], point[1]);
-               } else {
-                 interpolate(current.x, current.n.x, 1, stream);
+           function values(iterable) {
+             if (iterable) {
+               var iteratorMethod = iterable[iteratorSymbol];
+
+               if (iteratorMethod) {
+                 return iteratorMethod.call(iterable);
                }
-               current = current.n;
-             } else {
-               if (isSubject) {
-                 points = current.p.z;
-                 for (i = points.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) stream.point((point = points[i])[0], point[1]);
-               } else {
-                 interpolate(current.x, current.p.x, -1, stream);
+
+               if (typeof iterable.next === "function") {
+                 return iterable;
                }
-               current = current.p;
-             }
-             current = current.o;
-             points = current.z;
-             isSubject = !isSubject;
-           } while (!current.v);
-           stream.lineEnd();
-         }
-       }
 
-       function link(array) {
-         if (!(n = array.length)) return;
-         var n,
-             i = 0,
-             a = array[0],
-             b;
-         while (++i < n) {
-           a.n = b = array[i];
-           b.p = a;
-           a = b;
-         }
-         a.n = b = array[0];
-         b.p = a;
-       }
+               if (!isNaN(iterable.length)) {
+                 var i = -1,
+                     next = function next() {
+                   while (++i < iterable.length) {
+                     if (hasOwn.call(iterable, i)) {
+                       next.value = iterable[i];
+                       next.done = false;
+                       return next;
+                     }
+                   }
 
-       var sum = adder();
+                   next.value = undefined$1;
+                   next.done = true;
+                   return next;
+                 };
 
-       function longitude(point) {
-         if (abs$2(point[0]) <= pi)
-           return point[0];
-         else
-           return sign$2(point[0]) * ((abs$2(point[0]) + pi) % tau - pi);
-       }
+                 return next.next = next;
+               }
+             } // Return an iterator with no values.
 
-       function polygonContains(polygon, point) {
-         var lambda = longitude(point),
-             phi = point[1],
-             sinPhi = sin(phi),
-             normal = [sin(lambda), -cos(lambda), 0],
-             angle = 0,
-             winding = 0;
 
-         sum.reset();
+             return {
+               next: doneResult
+             };
+           }
 
-         if (sinPhi === 1) phi = halfPi + epsilon;
-         else if (sinPhi === -1) phi = -halfPi - epsilon;
+           exports.values = values;
 
-         for (var i = 0, n = polygon.length; i < n; ++i) {
-           if (!(m = (ring = polygon[i]).length)) continue;
-           var ring,
-               m,
-               point0 = ring[m - 1],
-               lambda0 = longitude(point0),
-               phi0 = point0[1] / 2 + quarterPi,
-               sinPhi0 = sin(phi0),
-               cosPhi0 = cos(phi0);
+           function doneResult() {
+             return {
+               value: undefined$1,
+               done: true
+             };
+           }
 
-           for (var j = 0; j < m; ++j, lambda0 = lambda1, sinPhi0 = sinPhi1, cosPhi0 = cosPhi1, point0 = point1) {
-             var point1 = ring[j],
-                 lambda1 = longitude(point1),
-                 phi1 = point1[1] / 2 + quarterPi,
-                 sinPhi1 = sin(phi1),
-                 cosPhi1 = cos(phi1),
-                 delta = lambda1 - lambda0,
-                 sign = delta >= 0 ? 1 : -1,
-                 absDelta = sign * delta,
-                 antimeridian = absDelta > pi,
-                 k = sinPhi0 * sinPhi1;
+           Context.prototype = {
+             constructor: Context,
+             reset: function reset(skipTempReset) {
+               this.prev = 0;
+               this.next = 0; // Resetting context._sent for legacy support of Babel's
+               // function.sent implementation.
 
-             sum.add(atan2(k * sign * sin(absDelta), cosPhi0 * cosPhi1 + k * cos(absDelta)));
-             angle += antimeridian ? delta + sign * tau : delta;
+               this.sent = this._sent = undefined$1;
+               this.done = false;
+               this.delegate = null;
+               this.method = "next";
+               this.arg = undefined$1;
+               this.tryEntries.forEach(resetTryEntry);
 
-             // Are the longitudes either side of the point’s meridian (lambda),
-             // and are the latitudes smaller than the parallel (phi)?
-             if (antimeridian ^ lambda0 >= lambda ^ lambda1 >= lambda) {
-               var arc = cartesianCross(cartesian(point0), cartesian(point1));
-               cartesianNormalizeInPlace(arc);
-               var intersection = cartesianCross(normal, arc);
-               cartesianNormalizeInPlace(intersection);
-               var phiArc = (antimeridian ^ delta >= 0 ? -1 : 1) * asin(intersection[2]);
-               if (phi > phiArc || phi === phiArc && (arc[0] || arc[1])) {
-                 winding += antimeridian ^ delta >= 0 ? 1 : -1;
+               if (!skipTempReset) {
+                 for (var name in this) {
+                   // Not sure about the optimal order of these conditions:
+                   if (name.charAt(0) === "t" && hasOwn.call(this, name) && !isNaN(+name.slice(1))) {
+                     this[name] = undefined$1;
+                   }
+                 }
                }
-             }
-           }
-         }
+             },
+             stop: function stop() {
+               this.done = true;
+               var rootEntry = this.tryEntries[0];
+               var rootRecord = rootEntry.completion;
 
-         // First, determine whether the South pole is inside or outside:
-         //
-         // It is inside if:
-         // * the polygon winds around it in a clockwise direction.
-         // * the polygon does not (cumulatively) wind around it, but has a negative
-         //   (counter-clockwise) area.
-         //
-         // Second, count the (signed) number of times a segment crosses a lambda
-         // from the point to the South pole.  If it is zero, then the point is the
-         // same side as the South pole.
+               if (rootRecord.type === "throw") {
+                 throw rootRecord.arg;
+               }
 
-         return (angle < -epsilon || angle < epsilon && sum < -epsilon) ^ (winding & 1);
-       }
+               return this.rval;
+             },
+             dispatchException: function dispatchException(exception) {
+               if (this.done) {
+                 throw exception;
+               }
 
-       function d3_ascending(a, b) {
-         return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : a >= b ? 0 : NaN;
-       }
+               var context = this;
 
-       function d3_bisector(compare) {
-         if (compare.length === 1) compare = ascendingComparator(compare);
-         return {
-           left: function(a, x, lo, hi) {
-             if (lo == null) lo = 0;
-             if (hi == null) hi = a.length;
-             while (lo < hi) {
-               var mid = lo + hi >>> 1;
-               if (compare(a[mid], x) < 0) lo = mid + 1;
-               else hi = mid;
-             }
-             return lo;
-           },
-           right: function(a, x, lo, hi) {
-             if (lo == null) lo = 0;
-             if (hi == null) hi = a.length;
-             while (lo < hi) {
-               var mid = lo + hi >>> 1;
-               if (compare(a[mid], x) > 0) hi = mid;
-               else lo = mid + 1;
-             }
-             return lo;
-           }
-         };
-       }
+               function handle(loc, caught) {
+                 record.type = "throw";
+                 record.arg = exception;
+                 context.next = loc;
 
-       function ascendingComparator(f) {
-         return function(d, x) {
-           return d3_ascending(f(d), x);
-         };
-       }
+                 if (caught) {
+                   // If the dispatched exception was caught by a catch block,
+                   // then let that catch block handle the exception normally.
+                   context.method = "next";
+                   context.arg = undefined$1;
+                 }
 
-       var ascendingBisect = d3_bisector(d3_ascending);
-       var bisectRight = ascendingBisect.right;
+                 return !!caught;
+               }
 
-       function d3_descending(a, b) {
-         return b < a ? -1 : b > a ? 1 : b >= a ? 0 : NaN;
-       }
+               for (var i = this.tryEntries.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+                 var entry = this.tryEntries[i];
+                 var record = entry.completion;
 
-       function number(x) {
-         return x === null ? NaN : +x;
-       }
+                 if (entry.tryLoc === "root") {
+                   // Exception thrown outside of any try block that could handle
+                   // it, so set the completion value of the entire function to
+                   // throw the exception.
+                   return handle("end");
+                 }
 
-       function range$1(start, stop, step) {
-         start = +start, stop = +stop, step = (n = arguments.length) < 2 ? (stop = start, start = 0, 1) : n < 3 ? 1 : +step;
+                 if (entry.tryLoc <= this.prev) {
+                   var hasCatch = hasOwn.call(entry, "catchLoc");
+                   var hasFinally = hasOwn.call(entry, "finallyLoc");
 
-         var i = -1,
-             n = Math.max(0, Math.ceil((stop - start) / step)) | 0,
-             range = new Array(n);
+                   if (hasCatch && hasFinally) {
+                     if (this.prev < entry.catchLoc) {
+                       return handle(entry.catchLoc, true);
+                     } else if (this.prev < entry.finallyLoc) {
+                       return handle(entry.finallyLoc);
+                     }
+                   } else if (hasCatch) {
+                     if (this.prev < entry.catchLoc) {
+                       return handle(entry.catchLoc, true);
+                     }
+                   } else if (hasFinally) {
+                     if (this.prev < entry.finallyLoc) {
+                       return handle(entry.finallyLoc);
+                     }
+                   } else {
+                     throw new Error("try statement without catch or finally");
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
+             },
+             abrupt: function abrupt(type, arg) {
+               for (var i = this.tryEntries.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+                 var entry = this.tryEntries[i];
 
-         while (++i < n) {
-           range[i] = start + i * step;
-         }
+                 if (entry.tryLoc <= this.prev && hasOwn.call(entry, "finallyLoc") && this.prev < entry.finallyLoc) {
+                   var finallyEntry = entry;
+                   break;
+                 }
+               }
 
-         return range;
-       }
+               if (finallyEntry && (type === "break" || type === "continue") && finallyEntry.tryLoc <= arg && arg <= finallyEntry.finallyLoc) {
+                 // Ignore the finally entry if control is not jumping to a
+                 // location outside the try/catch block.
+                 finallyEntry = null;
+               }
 
-       var e10 = Math.sqrt(50),
-           e5 = Math.sqrt(10),
-           e2 = Math.sqrt(2);
+               var record = finallyEntry ? finallyEntry.completion : {};
+               record.type = type;
+               record.arg = arg;
 
-       function ticks(start, stop, count) {
-         var reverse,
-             i = -1,
-             n,
-             ticks,
-             step;
+               if (finallyEntry) {
+                 this.method = "next";
+                 this.next = finallyEntry.finallyLoc;
+                 return ContinueSentinel;
+               }
 
-         stop = +stop, start = +start, count = +count;
-         if (start === stop && count > 0) return [start];
-         if (reverse = stop < start) n = start, start = stop, stop = n;
-         if ((step = tickIncrement(start, stop, count)) === 0 || !isFinite(step)) return [];
+               return this.complete(record);
+             },
+             complete: function complete(record, afterLoc) {
+               if (record.type === "throw") {
+                 throw record.arg;
+               }
 
-         if (step > 0) {
-           start = Math.ceil(start / step);
-           stop = Math.floor(stop / step);
-           ticks = new Array(n = Math.ceil(stop - start + 1));
-           while (++i < n) ticks[i] = (start + i) * step;
-         } else {
-           start = Math.floor(start * step);
-           stop = Math.ceil(stop * step);
-           ticks = new Array(n = Math.ceil(start - stop + 1));
-           while (++i < n) ticks[i] = (start - i) / step;
-         }
+               if (record.type === "break" || record.type === "continue") {
+                 this.next = record.arg;
+               } else if (record.type === "return") {
+                 this.rval = this.arg = record.arg;
+                 this.method = "return";
+                 this.next = "end";
+               } else if (record.type === "normal" && afterLoc) {
+                 this.next = afterLoc;
+               }
 
-         if (reverse) ticks.reverse();
+               return ContinueSentinel;
+             },
+             finish: function finish(finallyLoc) {
+               for (var i = this.tryEntries.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+                 var entry = this.tryEntries[i];
+
+                 if (entry.finallyLoc === finallyLoc) {
+                   this.complete(entry.completion, entry.afterLoc);
+                   resetTryEntry(entry);
+                   return ContinueSentinel;
+                 }
+               }
+             },
+             "catch": function _catch(tryLoc) {
+               for (var i = this.tryEntries.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+                 var entry = this.tryEntries[i];
 
-         return ticks;
-       }
+                 if (entry.tryLoc === tryLoc) {
+                   var record = entry.completion;
 
-       function tickIncrement(start, stop, count) {
-         var step = (stop - start) / Math.max(0, count),
-             power = Math.floor(Math.log(step) / Math.LN10),
-             error = step / Math.pow(10, power);
-         return power >= 0
-             ? (error >= e10 ? 10 : error >= e5 ? 5 : error >= e2 ? 2 : 1) * Math.pow(10, power)
-             : -Math.pow(10, -power) / (error >= e10 ? 10 : error >= e5 ? 5 : error >= e2 ? 2 : 1);
-       }
+                   if (record.type === "throw") {
+                     var thrown = record.arg;
+                     resetTryEntry(entry);
+                   }
 
-       function tickStep(start, stop, count) {
-         var step0 = Math.abs(stop - start) / Math.max(0, count),
-             step1 = Math.pow(10, Math.floor(Math.log(step0) / Math.LN10)),
-             error = step0 / step1;
-         if (error >= e10) step1 *= 10;
-         else if (error >= e5) step1 *= 5;
-         else if (error >= e2) step1 *= 2;
-         return stop < start ? -step1 : step1;
-       }
+                   return thrown;
+                 }
+               } // The context.catch method must only be called with a location
+               // argument that corresponds to a known catch block.
 
-       function threshold(values, p, valueof) {
-         if (valueof == null) valueof = number;
-         if (!(n = values.length)) return;
-         if ((p = +p) <= 0 || n < 2) return +valueof(values[0], 0, values);
-         if (p >= 1) return +valueof(values[n - 1], n - 1, values);
-         var n,
-             i = (n - 1) * p,
-             i0 = Math.floor(i),
-             value0 = +valueof(values[i0], i0, values),
-             value1 = +valueof(values[i0 + 1], i0 + 1, values);
-         return value0 + (value1 - value0) * (i - i0);
-       }
 
-       function d3_median(values, valueof) {
-         var n = values.length,
-             i = -1,
-             value,
-             numbers = [];
+               throw new Error("illegal catch attempt");
+             },
+             delegateYield: function delegateYield(iterable, resultName, nextLoc) {
+               this.delegate = {
+                 iterator: values(iterable),
+                 resultName: resultName,
+                 nextLoc: nextLoc
+               };
 
-         if (valueof == null) {
-           while (++i < n) {
-             if (!isNaN(value = number(values[i]))) {
-               numbers.push(value);
-             }
-           }
-         }
+               if (this.method === "next") {
+                 // Deliberately forget the last sent value so that we don't
+                 // accidentally pass it on to the delegate.
+                 this.arg = undefined$1;
+               }
 
-         else {
-           while (++i < n) {
-             if (!isNaN(value = number(valueof(values[i], i, values)))) {
-               numbers.push(value);
+               return ContinueSentinel;
              }
+           }; // Regardless of whether this script is executing as a CommonJS module
+           // or not, return the runtime object so that we can declare the variable
+           // regeneratorRuntime in the outer scope, which allows this module to be
+           // injected easily by `bin/regenerator --include-runtime script.js`.
+
+           return exports;
+         }( // If this script is executing as a CommonJS module, use module.exports
+         // as the regeneratorRuntime namespace. Otherwise create a new empty
+         // object. Either way, the resulting object will be used to initialize
+         // the regeneratorRuntime variable at the top of this file.
+         module.exports );
+
+         try {
+           regeneratorRuntime = runtime;
+         } catch (accidentalStrictMode) {
+           // This module should not be running in strict mode, so the above
+           // assignment should always work unless something is misconfigured. Just
+           // in case runtime.js accidentally runs in strict mode, in modern engines
+           // we can explicitly access globalThis. In older engines we can escape
+           // strict mode using a global Function call. This could conceivably fail
+           // if a Content Security Policy forbids using Function, but in that case
+           // the proper solution is to fix the accidental strict mode problem. If
+           // you've misconfigured your bundler to force strict mode and applied a
+           // CSP to forbid Function, and you're not willing to fix either of those
+           // problems, please detail your unique predicament in a GitHub issue.
+           if ((typeof globalThis === "undefined" ? "undefined" : _typeof(globalThis)) === "object") {
+             globalThis.regeneratorRuntime = runtime;
+           } else {
+             Function("r", "regeneratorRuntime = r")(runtime);
            }
          }
+       })(runtime);
 
-         return threshold(numbers.sort(d3_ascending), 0.5);
+       var _marked$3 = /*#__PURE__*/regeneratorRuntime.mark(numbers);
+
+       function number$1 (x) {
+         return x === null ? NaN : +x;
        }
+       function numbers(values, valueof) {
+         var _iterator, _step, value, index, _iterator2, _step2, _value;
 
-       function merge(arrays) {
-         var n = arrays.length,
-             m,
-             i = -1,
-             j = 0,
-             merged,
-             array;
+         return regeneratorRuntime.wrap(function numbers$(_context) {
+           while (1) {
+             switch (_context.prev = _context.next) {
+               case 0:
+                 if (!(valueof === undefined)) {
+                   _context.next = 21;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-         while (++i < n) j += arrays[i].length;
-         merged = new Array(j);
+                 _iterator = _createForOfIteratorHelper(values);
+                 _context.prev = 2;
 
-         while (--n >= 0) {
-           array = arrays[n];
-           m = array.length;
-           while (--m >= 0) {
-             merged[--j] = array[m];
-           }
-         }
+                 _iterator.s();
 
-         return merged;
-       }
+               case 4:
+                 if ((_step = _iterator.n()).done) {
+                   _context.next = 11;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-       function clip(pointVisible, clipLine, interpolate, start) {
-         return function(sink) {
-           var line = clipLine(sink),
-               ringBuffer = clipBuffer(),
-               ringSink = clipLine(ringBuffer),
-               polygonStarted = false,
-               polygon,
-               segments,
-               ring;
+                 value = _step.value;
 
-           var clip = {
-             point: point,
-             lineStart: lineStart,
-             lineEnd: lineEnd,
-             polygonStart: function() {
-               clip.point = pointRing;
-               clip.lineStart = ringStart;
-               clip.lineEnd = ringEnd;
-               segments = [];
-               polygon = [];
-             },
-             polygonEnd: function() {
-               clip.point = point;
-               clip.lineStart = lineStart;
-               clip.lineEnd = lineEnd;
-               segments = merge(segments);
-               var startInside = polygonContains(polygon, start);
-               if (segments.length) {
-                 if (!polygonStarted) sink.polygonStart(), polygonStarted = true;
-                 clipRejoin(segments, compareIntersection, startInside, interpolate, sink);
-               } else if (startInside) {
-                 if (!polygonStarted) sink.polygonStart(), polygonStarted = true;
-                 sink.lineStart();
-                 interpolate(null, null, 1, sink);
-                 sink.lineEnd();
-               }
-               if (polygonStarted) sink.polygonEnd(), polygonStarted = false;
-               segments = polygon = null;
-             },
-             sphere: function() {
-               sink.polygonStart();
-               sink.lineStart();
-               interpolate(null, null, 1, sink);
-               sink.lineEnd();
-               sink.polygonEnd();
-             }
-           };
+                 if (!(value != null && (value = +value) >= value)) {
+                   _context.next = 9;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-           function point(lambda, phi) {
-             if (pointVisible(lambda, phi)) sink.point(lambda, phi);
-           }
+                 _context.next = 9;
+                 return value;
 
-           function pointLine(lambda, phi) {
-             line.point(lambda, phi);
-           }
+               case 9:
+                 _context.next = 4;
+                 break;
 
-           function lineStart() {
-             clip.point = pointLine;
-             line.lineStart();
-           }
+               case 11:
+                 _context.next = 16;
+                 break;
 
-           function lineEnd() {
-             clip.point = point;
-             line.lineEnd();
-           }
+               case 13:
+                 _context.prev = 13;
+                 _context.t0 = _context["catch"](2);
 
-           function pointRing(lambda, phi) {
-             ring.push([lambda, phi]);
-             ringSink.point(lambda, phi);
-           }
+                 _iterator.e(_context.t0);
 
-           function ringStart() {
-             ringSink.lineStart();
-             ring = [];
-           }
+               case 16:
+                 _context.prev = 16;
 
-           function ringEnd() {
-             pointRing(ring[0][0], ring[0][1]);
-             ringSink.lineEnd();
+                 _iterator.f();
 
-             var clean = ringSink.clean(),
-                 ringSegments = ringBuffer.result(),
-                 i, n = ringSegments.length, m,
-                 segment,
-                 point;
+                 return _context.finish(16);
 
-             ring.pop();
-             polygon.push(ring);
-             ring = null;
+               case 19:
+                 _context.next = 40;
+                 break;
 
-             if (!n) return;
+               case 21:
+                 index = -1;
+                 _iterator2 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(values);
+                 _context.prev = 23;
 
-             // No intersections.
-             if (clean & 1) {
-               segment = ringSegments[0];
-               if ((m = segment.length - 1) > 0) {
-                 if (!polygonStarted) sink.polygonStart(), polygonStarted = true;
-                 sink.lineStart();
-                 for (i = 0; i < m; ++i) sink.point((point = segment[i])[0], point[1]);
-                 sink.lineEnd();
-               }
-               return;
-             }
+                 _iterator2.s();
 
-             // Rejoin connected segments.
-             // TODO reuse ringBuffer.rejoin()?
-             if (n > 1 && clean & 2) ringSegments.push(ringSegments.pop().concat(ringSegments.shift()));
+               case 25:
+                 if ((_step2 = _iterator2.n()).done) {
+                   _context.next = 32;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-             segments.push(ringSegments.filter(validSegment));
-           }
+                 _value = _step2.value;
 
-           return clip;
-         };
-       }
+                 if (!((_value = valueof(_value, ++index, values)) != null && (_value = +_value) >= _value)) {
+                   _context.next = 30;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-       function validSegment(segment) {
-         return segment.length > 1;
-       }
+                 _context.next = 30;
+                 return _value;
 
-       // Intersections are sorted along the clip edge. For both antimeridian cutting
-       // and circle clipping, the same comparison is used.
-       function compareIntersection(a, b) {
-         return ((a = a.x)[0] < 0 ? a[1] - halfPi - epsilon : halfPi - a[1])
-              - ((b = b.x)[0] < 0 ? b[1] - halfPi - epsilon : halfPi - b[1]);
-       }
+               case 30:
+                 _context.next = 25;
+                 break;
 
-       var clipAntimeridian = clip(
-         function() { return true; },
-         clipAntimeridianLine,
-         clipAntimeridianInterpolate,
-         [-pi, -halfPi]
-       );
+               case 32:
+                 _context.next = 37;
+                 break;
 
-       // Takes a line and cuts into visible segments. Return values: 0 - there were
-       // intersections or the line was empty; 1 - no intersections; 2 - there were
-       // intersections, and the first and last segments should be rejoined.
-       function clipAntimeridianLine(stream) {
-         var lambda0 = NaN,
-             phi0 = NaN,
-             sign0 = NaN,
-             clean; // no intersections
+               case 34:
+                 _context.prev = 34;
+                 _context.t1 = _context["catch"](23);
 
-         return {
-           lineStart: function() {
-             stream.lineStart();
-             clean = 1;
-           },
-           point: function(lambda1, phi1) {
-             var sign1 = lambda1 > 0 ? pi : -pi,
-                 delta = abs$2(lambda1 - lambda0);
-             if (abs$2(delta - pi) < epsilon) { // line crosses a pole
-               stream.point(lambda0, phi0 = (phi0 + phi1) / 2 > 0 ? halfPi : -halfPi);
-               stream.point(sign0, phi0);
-               stream.lineEnd();
-               stream.lineStart();
-               stream.point(sign1, phi0);
-               stream.point(lambda1, phi0);
-               clean = 0;
-             } else if (sign0 !== sign1 && delta >= pi) { // line crosses antimeridian
-               if (abs$2(lambda0 - sign0) < epsilon) lambda0 -= sign0 * epsilon; // handle degeneracies
-               if (abs$2(lambda1 - sign1) < epsilon) lambda1 -= sign1 * epsilon;
-               phi0 = clipAntimeridianIntersect(lambda0, phi0, lambda1, phi1);
-               stream.point(sign0, phi0);
-               stream.lineEnd();
-               stream.lineStart();
-               stream.point(sign1, phi0);
-               clean = 0;
+                 _iterator2.e(_context.t1);
+
+               case 37:
+                 _context.prev = 37;
+
+                 _iterator2.f();
+
+                 return _context.finish(37);
+
+               case 40:
+               case "end":
+                 return _context.stop();
              }
-             stream.point(lambda0 = lambda1, phi0 = phi1);
-             sign0 = sign1;
-           },
-           lineEnd: function() {
-             stream.lineEnd();
-             lambda0 = phi0 = NaN;
-           },
-           clean: function() {
-             return 2 - clean; // if intersections, rejoin first and last segments
            }
-         };
+         }, _marked$3, null, [[2, 13, 16, 19], [23, 34, 37, 40]]);
        }
 
-       function clipAntimeridianIntersect(lambda0, phi0, lambda1, phi1) {
-         var cosPhi0,
-             cosPhi1,
-             sinLambda0Lambda1 = sin(lambda0 - lambda1);
-         return abs$2(sinLambda0Lambda1) > epsilon
-             ? atan((sin(phi0) * (cosPhi1 = cos(phi1)) * sin(lambda1)
-                 - sin(phi1) * (cosPhi0 = cos(phi0)) * sin(lambda0))
-                 / (cosPhi0 * cosPhi1 * sinLambda0Lambda1))
-             : (phi0 + phi1) / 2;
-       }
+       var ascendingBisect = d3_bisector(d3_ascending);
+       var bisectRight = ascendingBisect.right;
+       d3_bisector(number$1).center;
 
-       function clipAntimeridianInterpolate(from, to, direction, stream) {
-         var phi;
-         if (from == null) {
-           phi = direction * halfPi;
-           stream.point(-pi, phi);
-           stream.point(0, phi);
-           stream.point(pi, phi);
-           stream.point(pi, 0);
-           stream.point(pi, -phi);
-           stream.point(0, -phi);
-           stream.point(-pi, -phi);
-           stream.point(-pi, 0);
-           stream.point(-pi, phi);
-         } else if (abs$2(from[0] - to[0]) > epsilon) {
-           var lambda = from[0] < to[0] ? pi : -pi;
-           phi = direction * lambda / 2;
-           stream.point(-lambda, phi);
-           stream.point(0, phi);
-           stream.point(lambda, phi);
+       var anObject$2 = anObject$n;
+       var iteratorClose = iteratorClose$2;
+
+       // call something on iterator step with safe closing on error
+       var callWithSafeIterationClosing$1 = function (iterator, fn, value, ENTRIES) {
+         try {
+           return ENTRIES ? fn(anObject$2(value)[0], value[1]) : fn(value);
+         } catch (error) {
+           iteratorClose(iterator, 'throw', error);
+         }
+       };
+
+       var global$c = global$1o;
+       var bind$5 = functionBindContext;
+       var call$3 = functionCall;
+       var toObject$3 = toObject$i;
+       var callWithSafeIterationClosing = callWithSafeIterationClosing$1;
+       var isArrayIteratorMethod = isArrayIteratorMethod$3;
+       var isConstructor = isConstructor$4;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$3 = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
+       var createProperty = createProperty$5;
+       var getIterator = getIterator$4;
+       var getIteratorMethod = getIteratorMethod$5;
+
+       var Array$1 = global$c.Array;
+
+       // `Array.from` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.from
+       var arrayFrom$1 = function from(arrayLike /* , mapfn = undefined, thisArg = undefined */) {
+         var O = toObject$3(arrayLike);
+         var IS_CONSTRUCTOR = isConstructor(this);
+         var argumentsLength = arguments.length;
+         var mapfn = argumentsLength > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined;
+         var mapping = mapfn !== undefined;
+         if (mapping) mapfn = bind$5(mapfn, argumentsLength > 2 ? arguments[2] : undefined);
+         var iteratorMethod = getIteratorMethod(O);
+         var index = 0;
+         var length, result, step, iterator, next, value;
+         // if the target is not iterable or it's an array with the default iterator - use a simple case
+         if (iteratorMethod && !(this == Array$1 && isArrayIteratorMethod(iteratorMethod))) {
+           iterator = getIterator(O, iteratorMethod);
+           next = iterator.next;
+           result = IS_CONSTRUCTOR ? new this() : [];
+           for (;!(step = call$3(next, iterator)).done; index++) {
+             value = mapping ? callWithSafeIterationClosing(iterator, mapfn, [step.value, index], true) : step.value;
+             createProperty(result, index, value);
+           }
          } else {
-           stream.point(to[0], to[1]);
+           length = lengthOfArrayLike$3(O);
+           result = IS_CONSTRUCTOR ? new this(length) : Array$1(length);
+           for (;length > index; index++) {
+             value = mapping ? mapfn(O[index], index) : O[index];
+             createProperty(result, index, value);
+           }
          }
-       }
+         result.length = index;
+         return result;
+       };
 
-       function clipCircle(radius) {
-         var cr = cos(radius),
-             delta = 6 * radians,
-             smallRadius = cr > 0,
-             notHemisphere = abs$2(cr) > epsilon; // TODO optimise for this common case
+       var $$D = _export;
+       var from = arrayFrom$1;
+       var checkCorrectnessOfIteration = checkCorrectnessOfIteration$4;
 
-         function interpolate(from, to, direction, stream) {
-           circleStream(stream, radius, delta, direction, from, to);
-         }
+       var INCORRECT_ITERATION = !checkCorrectnessOfIteration(function (iterable) {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-array-from -- required for testing
+         Array.from(iterable);
+       });
 
-         function visible(lambda, phi) {
-           return cos(lambda) * cos(phi) > cr;
-         }
+       // `Array.from` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.from
+       $$D({ target: 'Array', stat: true, forced: INCORRECT_ITERATION }, {
+         from: from
+       });
 
-         // Takes a line and cuts into visible segments. Return values used for polygon
-         // clipping: 0 - there were intersections or the line was empty; 1 - no
-         // intersections 2 - there were intersections, and the first and last segments
-         // should be rejoined.
-         function clipLine(stream) {
-           var point0, // previous point
-               c0, // code for previous point
-               v0, // visibility of previous point
-               v00, // visibility of first point
-               clean; // no intersections
-           return {
-             lineStart: function() {
-               v00 = v0 = false;
-               clean = 1;
-             },
-             point: function(lambda, phi) {
-               var point1 = [lambda, phi],
-                   point2,
-                   v = visible(lambda, phi),
-                   c = smallRadius
-                     ? v ? 0 : code(lambda, phi)
-                     : v ? code(lambda + (lambda < 0 ? pi : -pi), phi) : 0;
-               if (!point0 && (v00 = v0 = v)) stream.lineStart();
-               if (v !== v0) {
-                 point2 = intersect(point0, point1);
-                 if (!point2 || pointEqual(point0, point2) || pointEqual(point1, point2))
-                   point1[2] = 1;
-               }
-               if (v !== v0) {
-                 clean = 0;
-                 if (v) {
-                   // outside going in
-                   stream.lineStart();
-                   point2 = intersect(point1, point0);
-                   stream.point(point2[0], point2[1]);
-                 } else {
-                   // inside going out
-                   point2 = intersect(point0, point1);
-                   stream.point(point2[0], point2[1], 2);
-                   stream.lineEnd();
-                 }
-                 point0 = point2;
-               } else if (notHemisphere && point0 && smallRadius ^ v) {
-                 var t;
-                 // If the codes for two points are different, or are both zero,
-                 // and there this segment intersects with the small circle.
-                 if (!(c & c0) && (t = intersect(point1, point0, true))) {
-                   clean = 0;
-                   if (smallRadius) {
-                     stream.lineStart();
-                     stream.point(t[0][0], t[0][1]);
-                     stream.point(t[1][0], t[1][1]);
-                     stream.lineEnd();
-                   } else {
-                     stream.point(t[1][0], t[1][1]);
-                     stream.lineEnd();
-                     stream.lineStart();
-                     stream.point(t[0][0], t[0][1], 3);
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
-               if (v && (!point0 || !pointEqual(point0, point1))) {
-                 stream.point(point1[0], point1[1]);
-               }
-               point0 = point1, v0 = v, c0 = c;
-             },
-             lineEnd: function() {
-               if (v0) stream.lineEnd();
-               point0 = null;
-             },
-             // Rejoin first and last segments if there were intersections and the first
-             // and last points were visible.
-             clean: function() {
-               return clean | ((v00 && v0) << 1);
-             }
-           };
+       var $$C = _export;
+       var fill = arrayFill$1;
+       var addToUnscopables$4 = addToUnscopables$6;
+
+       // `Array.prototype.fill` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.fill
+       $$C({ target: 'Array', proto: true }, {
+         fill: fill
+       });
+
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
+       addToUnscopables$4('fill');
+
+       var $$B = _export;
+       var $some = arrayIteration.some;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$4 = arrayMethodIsStrict$9;
+
+       var STRICT_METHOD$4 = arrayMethodIsStrict$4('some');
+
+       // `Array.prototype.some` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.some
+       $$B({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !STRICT_METHOD$4 }, {
+         some: function some(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
+           return $some(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
          }
+       });
 
-         // Intersects the great circle between a and b with the clip circle.
-         function intersect(a, b, two) {
-           var pa = cartesian(a),
-               pb = cartesian(b);
+       var TYPED_ARRAYS_CONSTRUCTORS_REQUIRES_WRAPPERS = typedArrayConstructorsRequireWrappers;
+       var exportTypedArrayStaticMethod = arrayBufferViewCore.exportTypedArrayStaticMethod;
+       var typedArrayFrom = typedArrayFrom$2;
 
-           // We have two planes, n1.p = d1 and n2.p = d2.
-           // Find intersection line p(t) = c1 n1 + c2 n2 + t (n1 ⨯ n2).
-           var n1 = [1, 0, 0], // normal
-               n2 = cartesianCross(pa, pb),
-               n2n2 = cartesianDot(n2, n2),
-               n1n2 = n2[0], // cartesianDot(n1, n2),
-               determinant = n2n2 - n1n2 * n1n2;
+       // `%TypedArray%.from` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-%typedarray%.from
+       exportTypedArrayStaticMethod('from', typedArrayFrom, TYPED_ARRAYS_CONSTRUCTORS_REQUIRES_WRAPPERS);
 
-           // Two polar points.
-           if (!determinant) return !two && a;
+       var createTypedArrayConstructor = typedArrayConstructor.exports;
 
-           var c1 =  cr * n2n2 / determinant,
-               c2 = -cr * n1n2 / determinant,
-               n1xn2 = cartesianCross(n1, n2),
-               A = cartesianScale(n1, c1),
-               B = cartesianScale(n2, c2);
-           cartesianAddInPlace(A, B);
+       // `Float64Array` constructor
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-typedarray-objects
+       createTypedArrayConstructor('Float64', function (init) {
+         return function Float64Array(data, byteOffset, length) {
+           return init(this, data, byteOffset, length);
+         };
+       });
 
-           // Solve |p(t)|^2 = 1.
-           var u = n1xn2,
-               w = cartesianDot(A, u),
-               uu = cartesianDot(u, u),
-               t2 = w * w - uu * (cartesianDot(A, A) - 1);
+       function d3_descending (a, b) {
+         return b < a ? -1 : b > a ? 1 : b >= a ? 0 : NaN;
+       }
 
-           if (t2 < 0) return;
+       // https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/a74eea238f5baba15797e2e8b570d153bc8690a7/Modules/mathmodule.c#L1423
+       var Adder = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function Adder() {
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, Adder);
 
-           var t = sqrt(t2),
-               q = cartesianScale(u, (-w - t) / uu);
-           cartesianAddInPlace(q, A);
-           q = spherical(q);
+           this._partials = new Float64Array(32);
+           this._n = 0;
+         }
 
-           if (!two) return q;
+         _createClass$1(Adder, [{
+           key: "add",
+           value: function add(x) {
+             var p = this._partials;
+             var i = 0;
 
-           // Two intersection points.
-           var lambda0 = a[0],
-               lambda1 = b[0],
-               phi0 = a[1],
-               phi1 = b[1],
-               z;
+             for (var j = 0; j < this._n && j < 32; j++) {
+               var y = p[j],
+                   hi = x + y,
+                   lo = Math.abs(x) < Math.abs(y) ? x - (hi - y) : y - (hi - x);
+               if (lo) p[i++] = lo;
+               x = hi;
+             }
 
-           if (lambda1 < lambda0) z = lambda0, lambda0 = lambda1, lambda1 = z;
+             p[i] = x;
+             this._n = i + 1;
+             return this;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "valueOf",
+           value: function valueOf() {
+             var p = this._partials;
+             var n = this._n,
+                 x,
+                 y,
+                 lo,
+                 hi = 0;
 
-           var delta = lambda1 - lambda0,
-               polar = abs$2(delta - pi) < epsilon,
-               meridian = polar || delta < epsilon;
+             if (n > 0) {
+               hi = p[--n];
 
-           if (!polar && phi1 < phi0) z = phi0, phi0 = phi1, phi1 = z;
+               while (n > 0) {
+                 x = hi;
+                 y = p[--n];
+                 hi = x + y;
+                 lo = y - (hi - x);
+                 if (lo) break;
+               }
 
-           // Check that the first point is between a and b.
-           if (meridian
-               ? polar
-                 ? phi0 + phi1 > 0 ^ q[1] < (abs$2(q[0] - lambda0) < epsilon ? phi0 : phi1)
-                 : phi0 <= q[1] && q[1] <= phi1
-               : delta > pi ^ (lambda0 <= q[0] && q[0] <= lambda1)) {
-             var q1 = cartesianScale(u, (-w + t) / uu);
-             cartesianAddInPlace(q1, A);
-             return [q, spherical(q1)];
+               if (n > 0 && (lo < 0 && p[n - 1] < 0 || lo > 0 && p[n - 1] > 0)) {
+                 y = lo * 2;
+                 x = hi + y;
+                 if (y == x - hi) hi = x;
+               }
+             }
+
+             return hi;
            }
-         }
+         }]);
 
-         // Generates a 4-bit vector representing the location of a point relative to
-         // the small circle's bounding box.
-         function code(lambda, phi) {
-           var r = smallRadius ? radius : pi - radius,
-               code = 0;
-           if (lambda < -r) code |= 1; // left
-           else if (lambda > r) code |= 2; // right
-           if (phi < -r) code |= 4; // below
-           else if (phi > r) code |= 8; // above
-           return code;
-         }
+         return Adder;
+       }();
 
-         return clip(visible, clipLine, interpolate, smallRadius ? [0, -radius] : [-pi, radius - pi]);
-       }
+       var $$A = _export;
+       var DESCRIPTORS$5 = descriptors;
+       var defineProperties$1 = objectDefineProperties.f;
 
-       function clipLine(a, b, x0, y0, x1, y1) {
-         var ax = a[0],
-             ay = a[1],
-             bx = b[0],
-             by = b[1],
-             t0 = 0,
-             t1 = 1,
-             dx = bx - ax,
-             dy = by - ay,
-             r;
+       // `Object.defineProperties` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.defineproperties
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-defineproperties -- safe
+       $$A({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: Object.defineProperties !== defineProperties$1, sham: !DESCRIPTORS$5 }, {
+         defineProperties: defineProperties$1
+       });
 
-         r = x0 - ax;
-         if (!dx && r > 0) return;
-         r /= dx;
-         if (dx < 0) {
-           if (r < t0) return;
-           if (r < t1) t1 = r;
-         } else if (dx > 0) {
-           if (r > t1) return;
-           if (r > t0) t0 = r;
-         }
+       var collection = collection$2;
+       var collectionStrong = collectionStrong$2;
+
+       // `Map` constructor
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-map-objects
+       collection('Map', function (init) {
+         return function Map() { return init(this, arguments.length ? arguments[0] : undefined); };
+       }, collectionStrong);
+
+       var $$z = _export;
+       var uncurryThis$f = functionUncurryThis;
+       var aCallable$1 = aCallable$a;
+       var toObject$2 = toObject$i;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$2 = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
+       var toString$a = toString$k;
+       var fails$b = fails$V;
+       var internalSort = arraySort$1;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$3 = arrayMethodIsStrict$9;
+       var FF = engineFfVersion;
+       var IE_OR_EDGE = engineIsIeOrEdge;
+       var V8 = engineV8Version;
+       var WEBKIT = engineWebkitVersion;
+
+       var test = [];
+       var un$Sort = uncurryThis$f(test.sort);
+       var push$3 = uncurryThis$f(test.push);
+
+       // IE8-
+       var FAILS_ON_UNDEFINED = fails$b(function () {
+         test.sort(undefined);
+       });
+       // V8 bug
+       var FAILS_ON_NULL = fails$b(function () {
+         test.sort(null);
+       });
+       // Old WebKit
+       var STRICT_METHOD$3 = arrayMethodIsStrict$3('sort');
 
-         r = x1 - ax;
-         if (!dx && r < 0) return;
-         r /= dx;
-         if (dx < 0) {
-           if (r > t1) return;
-           if (r > t0) t0 = r;
-         } else if (dx > 0) {
-           if (r < t0) return;
-           if (r < t1) t1 = r;
-         }
+       var STABLE_SORT = !fails$b(function () {
+         // feature detection can be too slow, so check engines versions
+         if (V8) return V8 < 70;
+         if (FF && FF > 3) return;
+         if (IE_OR_EDGE) return true;
+         if (WEBKIT) return WEBKIT < 603;
 
-         r = y0 - ay;
-         if (!dy && r > 0) return;
-         r /= dy;
-         if (dy < 0) {
-           if (r < t0) return;
-           if (r < t1) t1 = r;
-         } else if (dy > 0) {
-           if (r > t1) return;
-           if (r > t0) t0 = r;
+         var result = '';
+         var code, chr, value, index;
+
+         // generate an array with more 512 elements (Chakra and old V8 fails only in this case)
+         for (code = 65; code < 76; code++) {
+           chr = String.fromCharCode(code);
+
+           switch (code) {
+             case 66: case 69: case 70: case 72: value = 3; break;
+             case 68: case 71: value = 4; break;
+             default: value = 2;
+           }
+
+           for (index = 0; index < 47; index++) {
+             test.push({ k: chr + index, v: value });
+           }
          }
 
-         r = y1 - ay;
-         if (!dy && r < 0) return;
-         r /= dy;
-         if (dy < 0) {
-           if (r > t1) return;
-           if (r > t0) t0 = r;
-         } else if (dy > 0) {
-           if (r < t0) return;
-           if (r < t1) t1 = r;
+         test.sort(function (a, b) { return b.v - a.v; });
+
+         for (index = 0; index < test.length; index++) {
+           chr = test[index].k.charAt(0);
+           if (result.charAt(result.length - 1) !== chr) result += chr;
          }
 
-         if (t0 > 0) a[0] = ax + t0 * dx, a[1] = ay + t0 * dy;
-         if (t1 < 1) b[0] = ax + t1 * dx, b[1] = ay + t1 * dy;
-         return true;
-       }
+         return result !== 'DGBEFHACIJK';
+       });
 
-       var clipMax = 1e9, clipMin = -clipMax;
+       var FORCED$7 = FAILS_ON_UNDEFINED || !FAILS_ON_NULL || !STRICT_METHOD$3 || !STABLE_SORT;
 
-       // TODO Use d3-polygon’s polygonContains here for the ring check?
-       // TODO Eliminate duplicate buffering in clipBuffer and polygon.push?
+       var getSortCompare = function (comparefn) {
+         return function (x, y) {
+           if (y === undefined) return -1;
+           if (x === undefined) return 1;
+           if (comparefn !== undefined) return +comparefn(x, y) || 0;
+           return toString$a(x) > toString$a(y) ? 1 : -1;
+         };
+       };
 
-       function clipRectangle(x0, y0, x1, y1) {
+       // `Array.prototype.sort` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.sort
+       $$z({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: FORCED$7 }, {
+         sort: function sort(comparefn) {
+           if (comparefn !== undefined) aCallable$1(comparefn);
 
-         function visible(x, y) {
-           return x0 <= x && x <= x1 && y0 <= y && y <= y1;
-         }
+           var array = toObject$2(this);
 
-         function interpolate(from, to, direction, stream) {
-           var a = 0, a1 = 0;
-           if (from == null
-               || (a = corner(from, direction)) !== (a1 = corner(to, direction))
-               || comparePoint(from, to) < 0 ^ direction > 0) {
-             do stream.point(a === 0 || a === 3 ? x0 : x1, a > 1 ? y1 : y0);
-             while ((a = (a + direction + 4) % 4) !== a1);
-           } else {
-             stream.point(to[0], to[1]);
+           if (STABLE_SORT) return comparefn === undefined ? un$Sort(array) : un$Sort(array, comparefn);
+
+           var items = [];
+           var arrayLength = lengthOfArrayLike$2(array);
+           var itemsLength, index;
+
+           for (index = 0; index < arrayLength; index++) {
+             if (index in array) push$3(items, array[index]);
            }
-         }
 
-         function corner(p, direction) {
-           return abs$2(p[0] - x0) < epsilon ? direction > 0 ? 0 : 3
-               : abs$2(p[0] - x1) < epsilon ? direction > 0 ? 2 : 1
-               : abs$2(p[1] - y0) < epsilon ? direction > 0 ? 1 : 0
-               : direction > 0 ? 3 : 2; // abs(p[1] - y1) < epsilon
-         }
+           internalSort(items, getSortCompare(comparefn));
 
-         function compareIntersection(a, b) {
-           return comparePoint(a.x, b.x);
-         }
+           itemsLength = items.length;
+           index = 0;
 
-         function comparePoint(a, b) {
-           var ca = corner(a, 1),
-               cb = corner(b, 1);
-           return ca !== cb ? ca - cb
-               : ca === 0 ? b[1] - a[1]
-               : ca === 1 ? a[0] - b[0]
-               : ca === 2 ? a[1] - b[1]
-               : b[0] - a[0];
+           while (index < itemsLength) array[index] = items[index++];
+           while (index < arrayLength) delete array[index++];
+
+           return array;
          }
+       });
 
-         return function(stream) {
-           var activeStream = stream,
-               bufferStream = clipBuffer(),
-               segments,
-               polygon,
-               ring,
-               x__, y__, v__, // first point
-               x_, y_, v_, // previous point
-               first,
-               clean;
+       var e10 = Math.sqrt(50),
+           e5 = Math.sqrt(10),
+           e2 = Math.sqrt(2);
+       function ticks (start, stop, count) {
+         var reverse,
+             i = -1,
+             n,
+             ticks,
+             step;
+         stop = +stop, start = +start, count = +count;
+         if (start === stop && count > 0) return [start];
+         if (reverse = stop < start) n = start, start = stop, stop = n;
+         if ((step = tickIncrement(start, stop, count)) === 0 || !isFinite(step)) return [];
 
-           var clipStream = {
-             point: point,
-             lineStart: lineStart,
-             lineEnd: lineEnd,
-             polygonStart: polygonStart,
-             polygonEnd: polygonEnd
-           };
+         if (step > 0) {
+           var r0 = Math.round(start / step),
+               r1 = Math.round(stop / step);
+           if (r0 * step < start) ++r0;
+           if (r1 * step > stop) --r1;
+           ticks = new Array(n = r1 - r0 + 1);
 
-           function point(x, y) {
-             if (visible(x, y)) activeStream.point(x, y);
+           while (++i < n) {
+             ticks[i] = (r0 + i) * step;
            }
+         } else {
+           step = -step;
 
-           function polygonInside() {
-             var winding = 0;
+           var _r = Math.round(start * step),
+               _r2 = Math.round(stop * step);
 
-             for (var i = 0, n = polygon.length; i < n; ++i) {
-               for (var ring = polygon[i], j = 1, m = ring.length, point = ring[0], a0, a1, b0 = point[0], b1 = point[1]; j < m; ++j) {
-                 a0 = b0, a1 = b1, point = ring[j], b0 = point[0], b1 = point[1];
-                 if (a1 <= y1) { if (b1 > y1 && (b0 - a0) * (y1 - a1) > (b1 - a1) * (x0 - a0)) ++winding; }
-                 else { if (b1 <= y1 && (b0 - a0) * (y1 - a1) < (b1 - a1) * (x0 - a0)) --winding; }
-               }
-             }
+           if (_r / step < start) ++_r;
+           if (_r2 / step > stop) --_r2;
+           ticks = new Array(n = _r2 - _r + 1);
 
-             return winding;
+           while (++i < n) {
+             ticks[i] = (_r + i) / step;
            }
+         }
 
-           // Buffer geometry within a polygon and then clip it en masse.
-           function polygonStart() {
-             activeStream = bufferStream, segments = [], polygon = [], clean = true;
-           }
+         if (reverse) ticks.reverse();
+         return ticks;
+       }
+       function tickIncrement(start, stop, count) {
+         var step = (stop - start) / Math.max(0, count),
+             power = Math.floor(Math.log(step) / Math.LN10),
+             error = step / Math.pow(10, power);
+         return power >= 0 ? (error >= e10 ? 10 : error >= e5 ? 5 : error >= e2 ? 2 : 1) * Math.pow(10, power) : -Math.pow(10, -power) / (error >= e10 ? 10 : error >= e5 ? 5 : error >= e2 ? 2 : 1);
+       }
+       function tickStep(start, stop, count) {
+         var step0 = Math.abs(stop - start) / Math.max(0, count),
+             step1 = Math.pow(10, Math.floor(Math.log(step0) / Math.LN10)),
+             error = step0 / step1;
+         if (error >= e10) step1 *= 10;else if (error >= e5) step1 *= 5;else if (error >= e2) step1 *= 2;
+         return stop < start ? -step1 : step1;
+       }
 
-           function polygonEnd() {
-             var startInside = polygonInside(),
-                 cleanInside = clean && startInside,
-                 visible = (segments = merge(segments)).length;
-             if (cleanInside || visible) {
-               stream.polygonStart();
-               if (cleanInside) {
-                 stream.lineStart();
-                 interpolate(null, null, 1, stream);
-                 stream.lineEnd();
-               }
-               if (visible) {
-                 clipRejoin(segments, compareIntersection, startInside, interpolate, stream);
+       function max(values, valueof) {
+         var max;
+
+         if (valueof === undefined) {
+           var _iterator = _createForOfIteratorHelper(values),
+               _step;
+
+           try {
+             for (_iterator.s(); !(_step = _iterator.n()).done;) {
+               var value = _step.value;
+
+               if (value != null && (max < value || max === undefined && value >= value)) {
+                 max = value;
                }
-               stream.polygonEnd();
              }
-             activeStream = stream, segments = polygon = ring = null;
+           } catch (err) {
+             _iterator.e(err);
+           } finally {
+             _iterator.f();
            }
+         } else {
+           var index = -1;
 
-           function lineStart() {
-             clipStream.point = linePoint;
-             if (polygon) polygon.push(ring = []);
-             first = true;
-             v_ = false;
-             x_ = y_ = NaN;
-           }
+           var _iterator2 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(values),
+               _step2;
 
-           // TODO rather than special-case polygons, simply handle them separately.
-           // Ideally, coincident intersection points should be jittered to avoid
-           // clipping issues.
-           function lineEnd() {
-             if (segments) {
-               linePoint(x__, y__);
-               if (v__ && v_) bufferStream.rejoin();
-               segments.push(bufferStream.result());
-             }
-             clipStream.point = point;
-             if (v_) activeStream.lineEnd();
-           }
+           try {
+             for (_iterator2.s(); !(_step2 = _iterator2.n()).done;) {
+               var _value = _step2.value;
 
-           function linePoint(x, y) {
-             var v = visible(x, y);
-             if (polygon) ring.push([x, y]);
-             if (first) {
-               x__ = x, y__ = y, v__ = v;
-               first = false;
-               if (v) {
-                 activeStream.lineStart();
-                 activeStream.point(x, y);
-               }
-             } else {
-               if (v && v_) activeStream.point(x, y);
-               else {
-                 var a = [x_ = Math.max(clipMin, Math.min(clipMax, x_)), y_ = Math.max(clipMin, Math.min(clipMax, y_))],
-                     b = [x = Math.max(clipMin, Math.min(clipMax, x)), y = Math.max(clipMin, Math.min(clipMax, y))];
-                 if (clipLine(a, b, x0, y0, x1, y1)) {
-                   if (!v_) {
-                     activeStream.lineStart();
-                     activeStream.point(a[0], a[1]);
-                   }
-                   activeStream.point(b[0], b[1]);
-                   if (!v) activeStream.lineEnd();
-                   clean = false;
-                 } else if (v) {
-                   activeStream.lineStart();
-                   activeStream.point(x, y);
-                   clean = false;
-                 }
+               if ((_value = valueof(_value, ++index, values)) != null && (max < _value || max === undefined && _value >= _value)) {
+                 max = _value;
                }
              }
-             x_ = x, y_ = y, v_ = v;
+           } catch (err) {
+             _iterator2.e(err);
+           } finally {
+             _iterator2.f();
            }
+         }
 
-           return clipStream;
-         };
+         return max;
        }
 
-       var lengthSum = adder(),
-           lambda0$2,
-           sinPhi0$1,
-           cosPhi0$1;
+       function min$2(values, valueof) {
+         var min;
 
-       var lengthStream = {
-         sphere: noop$2,
-         point: noop$2,
-         lineStart: lengthLineStart,
-         lineEnd: noop$2,
-         polygonStart: noop$2,
-         polygonEnd: noop$2
-       };
+         if (valueof === undefined) {
+           var _iterator = _createForOfIteratorHelper(values),
+               _step;
 
-       function lengthLineStart() {
-         lengthStream.point = lengthPointFirst;
-         lengthStream.lineEnd = lengthLineEnd;
-       }
+           try {
+             for (_iterator.s(); !(_step = _iterator.n()).done;) {
+               var value = _step.value;
 
-       function lengthLineEnd() {
-         lengthStream.point = lengthStream.lineEnd = noop$2;
-       }
+               if (value != null && (min > value || min === undefined && value >= value)) {
+                 min = value;
+               }
+             }
+           } catch (err) {
+             _iterator.e(err);
+           } finally {
+             _iterator.f();
+           }
+         } else {
+           var index = -1;
 
-       function lengthPointFirst(lambda, phi) {
-         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
-         lambda0$2 = lambda, sinPhi0$1 = sin(phi), cosPhi0$1 = cos(phi);
-         lengthStream.point = lengthPoint;
-       }
+           var _iterator2 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(values),
+               _step2;
 
-       function lengthPoint(lambda, phi) {
-         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
-         var sinPhi = sin(phi),
-             cosPhi = cos(phi),
-             delta = abs$2(lambda - lambda0$2),
-             cosDelta = cos(delta),
-             sinDelta = sin(delta),
-             x = cosPhi * sinDelta,
-             y = cosPhi0$1 * sinPhi - sinPhi0$1 * cosPhi * cosDelta,
-             z = sinPhi0$1 * sinPhi + cosPhi0$1 * cosPhi * cosDelta;
-         lengthSum.add(atan2(sqrt(x * x + y * y), z));
-         lambda0$2 = lambda, sinPhi0$1 = sinPhi, cosPhi0$1 = cosPhi;
-       }
+           try {
+             for (_iterator2.s(); !(_step2 = _iterator2.n()).done;) {
+               var _value = _step2.value;
 
-       function d3_geoLength(object) {
-         lengthSum.reset();
-         d3_geoStream(object, lengthStream);
-         return +lengthSum;
-       }
+               if ((_value = valueof(_value, ++index, values)) != null && (min > _value || min === undefined && _value >= _value)) {
+                 min = _value;
+               }
+             }
+           } catch (err) {
+             _iterator2.e(err);
+           } finally {
+             _iterator2.f();
+           }
+         }
 
-       function identity(x) {
-         return x;
+         return min;
        }
 
-       var areaSum$1 = adder(),
-           areaRingSum$1 = adder(),
-           x00,
-           y00,
-           x0$1,
-           y0$1;
+       // ISC license, Copyright 2018 Vladimir Agafonkin.
 
-       var areaStream$1 = {
-         point: noop$2,
-         lineStart: noop$2,
-         lineEnd: noop$2,
-         polygonStart: function() {
-           areaStream$1.lineStart = areaRingStart$1;
-           areaStream$1.lineEnd = areaRingEnd$1;
-         },
-         polygonEnd: function() {
-           areaStream$1.lineStart = areaStream$1.lineEnd = areaStream$1.point = noop$2;
-           areaSum$1.add(abs$2(areaRingSum$1));
-           areaRingSum$1.reset();
-         },
-         result: function() {
-           var area = areaSum$1 / 2;
-           areaSum$1.reset();
-           return area;
+       function quickselect$3(array, k) {
+         var left = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : 0;
+         var right = arguments.length > 3 && arguments[3] !== undefined ? arguments[3] : array.length - 1;
+         var compare = arguments.length > 4 && arguments[4] !== undefined ? arguments[4] : d3_ascending;
+
+         while (right > left) {
+           if (right - left > 600) {
+             var n = right - left + 1;
+             var m = k - left + 1;
+             var z = Math.log(n);
+             var s = 0.5 * Math.exp(2 * z / 3);
+             var sd = 0.5 * Math.sqrt(z * s * (n - s) / n) * (m - n / 2 < 0 ? -1 : 1);
+             var newLeft = Math.max(left, Math.floor(k - m * s / n + sd));
+             var newRight = Math.min(right, Math.floor(k + (n - m) * s / n + sd));
+             quickselect$3(array, k, newLeft, newRight, compare);
+           }
+
+           var t = array[k];
+           var i = left;
+           var j = right;
+           swap$1(array, left, k);
+           if (compare(array[right], t) > 0) swap$1(array, left, right);
+
+           while (i < j) {
+             swap$1(array, i, j), ++i, --j;
+
+             while (compare(array[i], t) < 0) {
+               ++i;
+             }
+
+             while (compare(array[j], t) > 0) {
+               --j;
+             }
+           }
+
+           if (compare(array[left], t) === 0) swap$1(array, left, j);else ++j, swap$1(array, j, right);
+           if (j <= k) left = j + 1;
+           if (k <= j) right = j - 1;
          }
-       };
 
-       function areaRingStart$1() {
-         areaStream$1.point = areaPointFirst$1;
+         return array;
        }
 
-       function areaPointFirst$1(x, y) {
-         areaStream$1.point = areaPoint$1;
-         x00 = x0$1 = x, y00 = y0$1 = y;
+       function swap$1(array, i, j) {
+         var t = array[i];
+         array[i] = array[j];
+         array[j] = t;
        }
 
-       function areaPoint$1(x, y) {
-         areaRingSum$1.add(y0$1 * x - x0$1 * y);
-         x0$1 = x, y0$1 = y;
+       function quantile(values, p, valueof) {
+         values = Float64Array.from(numbers(values, valueof));
+         if (!(n = values.length)) return;
+         if ((p = +p) <= 0 || n < 2) return min$2(values);
+         if (p >= 1) return max(values);
+         var n,
+             i = (n - 1) * p,
+             i0 = Math.floor(i),
+             value0 = max(quickselect$3(values, i0).subarray(0, i0 + 1)),
+             value1 = min$2(values.subarray(i0 + 1));
+         return value0 + (value1 - value0) * (i - i0);
        }
 
-       function areaRingEnd$1() {
-         areaPoint$1(x00, y00);
+       function d3_median (values, valueof) {
+         return quantile(values, 0.5, valueof);
        }
 
-       var x0$2 = Infinity,
-           y0$2 = x0$2,
-           x1 = -x0$2,
-           y1 = x1;
+       var _marked$2 = /*#__PURE__*/regeneratorRuntime.mark(flatten);
 
-       var boundsStream$1 = {
-         point: boundsPoint$1,
-         lineStart: noop$2,
-         lineEnd: noop$2,
-         polygonStart: noop$2,
-         polygonEnd: noop$2,
-         result: function() {
-           var bounds = [[x0$2, y0$2], [x1, y1]];
-           x1 = y1 = -(y0$2 = x0$2 = Infinity);
-           return bounds;
-         }
-       };
+       function flatten(arrays) {
+         var _iterator, _step, array;
 
-       function boundsPoint$1(x, y) {
-         if (x < x0$2) x0$2 = x;
-         if (x > x1) x1 = x;
-         if (y < y0$2) y0$2 = y;
-         if (y > y1) y1 = y;
-       }
+         return regeneratorRuntime.wrap(function flatten$(_context) {
+           while (1) {
+             switch (_context.prev = _context.next) {
+               case 0:
+                 _iterator = _createForOfIteratorHelper(arrays);
+                 _context.prev = 1;
 
-       // TODO Enforce positive area for exterior, negative area for interior?
+                 _iterator.s();
 
-       var X0$1 = 0,
-           Y0$1 = 0,
-           Z0$1 = 0,
-           X1$1 = 0,
-           Y1$1 = 0,
-           Z1$1 = 0,
-           X2$1 = 0,
-           Y2$1 = 0,
-           Z2$1 = 0,
-           x00$1,
-           y00$1,
-           x0$3,
-           y0$3;
+               case 3:
+                 if ((_step = _iterator.n()).done) {
+                   _context.next = 8;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-       var centroidStream$1 = {
-         point: centroidPoint$1,
-         lineStart: centroidLineStart$1,
-         lineEnd: centroidLineEnd$1,
-         polygonStart: function() {
-           centroidStream$1.lineStart = centroidRingStart$1;
-           centroidStream$1.lineEnd = centroidRingEnd$1;
-         },
-         polygonEnd: function() {
-           centroidStream$1.point = centroidPoint$1;
-           centroidStream$1.lineStart = centroidLineStart$1;
-           centroidStream$1.lineEnd = centroidLineEnd$1;
-         },
-         result: function() {
-           var centroid = Z2$1 ? [X2$1 / Z2$1, Y2$1 / Z2$1]
-               : Z1$1 ? [X1$1 / Z1$1, Y1$1 / Z1$1]
-               : Z0$1 ? [X0$1 / Z0$1, Y0$1 / Z0$1]
-               : [NaN, NaN];
-           X0$1 = Y0$1 = Z0$1 =
-           X1$1 = Y1$1 = Z1$1 =
-           X2$1 = Y2$1 = Z2$1 = 0;
-           return centroid;
-         }
-       };
+                 array = _step.value;
+                 return _context.delegateYield(array, "t0", 6);
 
-       function centroidPoint$1(x, y) {
-         X0$1 += x;
-         Y0$1 += y;
-         ++Z0$1;
-       }
+               case 6:
+                 _context.next = 3;
+                 break;
 
-       function centroidLineStart$1() {
-         centroidStream$1.point = centroidPointFirstLine;
-       }
+               case 8:
+                 _context.next = 13;
+                 break;
 
-       function centroidPointFirstLine(x, y) {
-         centroidStream$1.point = centroidPointLine;
-         centroidPoint$1(x0$3 = x, y0$3 = y);
-       }
+               case 10:
+                 _context.prev = 10;
+                 _context.t1 = _context["catch"](1);
 
-       function centroidPointLine(x, y) {
-         var dx = x - x0$3, dy = y - y0$3, z = sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
-         X1$1 += z * (x0$3 + x) / 2;
-         Y1$1 += z * (y0$3 + y) / 2;
-         Z1$1 += z;
-         centroidPoint$1(x0$3 = x, y0$3 = y);
-       }
+                 _iterator.e(_context.t1);
 
-       function centroidLineEnd$1() {
-         centroidStream$1.point = centroidPoint$1;
-       }
+               case 13:
+                 _context.prev = 13;
 
-       function centroidRingStart$1() {
-         centroidStream$1.point = centroidPointFirstRing;
-       }
+                 _iterator.f();
 
-       function centroidRingEnd$1() {
-         centroidPointRing(x00$1, y00$1);
-       }
+                 return _context.finish(13);
 
-       function centroidPointFirstRing(x, y) {
-         centroidStream$1.point = centroidPointRing;
-         centroidPoint$1(x00$1 = x0$3 = x, y00$1 = y0$3 = y);
+               case 16:
+               case "end":
+                 return _context.stop();
+             }
+           }
+         }, _marked$2, null, [[1, 10, 13, 16]]);
        }
 
-       function centroidPointRing(x, y) {
-         var dx = x - x0$3,
-             dy = y - y0$3,
-             z = sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
+       function merge$4(arrays) {
+         return Array.from(flatten(arrays));
+       }
 
-         X1$1 += z * (x0$3 + x) / 2;
-         Y1$1 += z * (y0$3 + y) / 2;
-         Z1$1 += z;
+       function range$1 (start, stop, step) {
+         start = +start, stop = +stop, step = (n = arguments.length) < 2 ? (stop = start, start = 0, 1) : n < 3 ? 1 : +step;
+         var i = -1,
+             n = Math.max(0, Math.ceil((stop - start) / step)) | 0,
+             range = new Array(n);
 
-         z = y0$3 * x - x0$3 * y;
-         X2$1 += z * (x0$3 + x);
-         Y2$1 += z * (y0$3 + y);
-         Z2$1 += z * 3;
-         centroidPoint$1(x0$3 = x, y0$3 = y);
-       }
+         while (++i < n) {
+           range[i] = start + i * step;
+         }
 
-       function PathContext(context) {
-         this._context = context;
+         return range;
        }
 
-       PathContext.prototype = {
-         _radius: 4.5,
-         pointRadius: function(_) {
-           return this._radius = _, this;
-         },
-         polygonStart: function() {
-           this._line = 0;
-         },
-         polygonEnd: function() {
-           this._line = NaN;
-         },
-         lineStart: function() {
-           this._point = 0;
-         },
-         lineEnd: function() {
-           if (this._line === 0) this._context.closePath();
-           this._point = NaN;
-         },
-         point: function(x, y) {
-           switch (this._point) {
-             case 0: {
-               this._context.moveTo(x, y);
-               this._point = 1;
-               break;
-             }
-             case 1: {
-               this._context.lineTo(x, y);
-               break;
-             }
-             default: {
-               this._context.moveTo(x + this._radius, y);
-               this._context.arc(x, y, this._radius, 0, tau);
-               break;
-             }
-           }
-         },
-         result: noop$2
+       // `SameValue` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-samevalue
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-is -- safe
+       var sameValue$1 = Object.is || function is(x, y) {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
+         return x === y ? x !== 0 || 1 / x === 1 / y : x != x && y != y;
        };
 
-       var lengthSum$1 = adder(),
-           lengthRing,
-           x00$2,
-           y00$2,
-           x0$4,
-           y0$4;
+       var $$y = _export;
 
-       var lengthStream$1 = {
-         point: noop$2,
-         lineStart: function() {
-           lengthStream$1.point = lengthPointFirst$1;
-         },
-         lineEnd: function() {
-           if (lengthRing) lengthPoint$1(x00$2, y00$2);
-           lengthStream$1.point = noop$2;
-         },
-         polygonStart: function() {
-           lengthRing = true;
-         },
-         polygonEnd: function() {
-           lengthRing = null;
-         },
-         result: function() {
-           var length = +lengthSum$1;
-           lengthSum$1.reset();
-           return length;
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-math-hypot -- required for testing
+       var $hypot = Math.hypot;
+       var abs$3 = Math.abs;
+       var sqrt$1 = Math.sqrt;
+
+       // Chrome 77 bug
+       // https://bugs.chromium.org/p/v8/issues/detail?id=9546
+       var BUGGY = !!$hypot && $hypot(Infinity, NaN) !== Infinity;
+
+       // `Math.hypot` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-math.hypot
+       $$y({ target: 'Math', stat: true, forced: BUGGY }, {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+         hypot: function hypot(value1, value2) {
+           var sum = 0;
+           var i = 0;
+           var aLen = arguments.length;
+           var larg = 0;
+           var arg, div;
+           while (i < aLen) {
+             arg = abs$3(arguments[i++]);
+             if (larg < arg) {
+               div = larg / arg;
+               sum = sum * div * div + 1;
+               larg = arg;
+             } else if (arg > 0) {
+               div = arg / larg;
+               sum += div * div;
+             } else sum += arg;
+           }
+           return larg === Infinity ? Infinity : larg * sqrt$1(sum);
          }
+       });
+
+       // `Math.sign` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-math.sign
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-math-sign -- safe
+       var mathSign = Math.sign || function sign(x) {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
+         return (x = +x) == 0 || x != x ? x : x < 0 ? -1 : 1;
        };
 
-       function lengthPointFirst$1(x, y) {
-         lengthStream$1.point = lengthPoint$1;
-         x00$2 = x0$4 = x, y00$2 = y0$4 = y;
-       }
+       var $$x = _export;
+       var sign$1 = mathSign;
 
-       function lengthPoint$1(x, y) {
-         x0$4 -= x, y0$4 -= y;
-         lengthSum$1.add(sqrt(x0$4 * x0$4 + y0$4 * y0$4));
-         x0$4 = x, y0$4 = y;
+       // `Math.sign` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-math.sign
+       $$x({ target: 'Math', stat: true }, {
+         sign: sign$1
+       });
+
+       var epsilon$1 = 1e-6;
+       var epsilon2$1 = 1e-12;
+       var pi = Math.PI;
+       var halfPi = pi / 2;
+       var quarterPi = pi / 4;
+       var tau = pi * 2;
+       var degrees$1 = 180 / pi;
+       var radians = pi / 180;
+       var abs$2 = Math.abs;
+       var atan = Math.atan;
+       var atan2 = Math.atan2;
+       var cos = Math.cos;
+       var exp$2 = Math.exp;
+       var log$1 = Math.log;
+       var sin = Math.sin;
+       var sign = Math.sign || function (x) {
+         return x > 0 ? 1 : x < 0 ? -1 : 0;
+       };
+       var sqrt = Math.sqrt;
+       var tan = Math.tan;
+       function acos(x) {
+         return x > 1 ? 0 : x < -1 ? pi : Math.acos(x);
+       }
+       function asin(x) {
+         return x > 1 ? halfPi : x < -1 ? -halfPi : Math.asin(x);
        }
 
-       function PathString() {
-         this._string = [];
+       function noop$1() {}
+
+       function streamGeometry(geometry, stream) {
+         if (geometry && streamGeometryType.hasOwnProperty(geometry.type)) {
+           streamGeometryType[geometry.type](geometry, stream);
+         }
        }
 
-       PathString.prototype = {
-         _radius: 4.5,
-         _circle: circle(4.5),
-         pointRadius: function(_) {
-           if ((_ = +_) !== this._radius) this._radius = _, this._circle = null;
-           return this;
+       var streamObjectType = {
+         Feature: function Feature(object, stream) {
+           streamGeometry(object.geometry, stream);
          },
-         polygonStart: function() {
-           this._line = 0;
+         FeatureCollection: function FeatureCollection(object, stream) {
+           var features = object.features,
+               i = -1,
+               n = features.length;
+
+           while (++i < n) {
+             streamGeometry(features[i].geometry, stream);
+           }
+         }
+       };
+       var streamGeometryType = {
+         Sphere: function Sphere(object, stream) {
+           stream.sphere();
          },
-         polygonEnd: function() {
-           this._line = NaN;
+         Point: function Point(object, stream) {
+           object = object.coordinates;
+           stream.point(object[0], object[1], object[2]);
          },
-         lineStart: function() {
-           this._point = 0;
+         MultiPoint: function MultiPoint(object, stream) {
+           var coordinates = object.coordinates,
+               i = -1,
+               n = coordinates.length;
+
+           while (++i < n) {
+             object = coordinates[i], stream.point(object[0], object[1], object[2]);
+           }
          },
-         lineEnd: function() {
-           if (this._line === 0) this._string.push("Z");
-           this._point = NaN;
+         LineString: function LineString(object, stream) {
+           streamLine(object.coordinates, stream, 0);
          },
-         point: function(x, y) {
-           switch (this._point) {
-             case 0: {
-               this._string.push("M", x, ",", y);
-               this._point = 1;
-               break;
-             }
-             case 1: {
-               this._string.push("L", x, ",", y);
-               break;
-             }
-             default: {
-               if (this._circle == null) this._circle = circle(this._radius);
-               this._string.push("M", x, ",", y, this._circle);
-               break;
-             }
+         MultiLineString: function MultiLineString(object, stream) {
+           var coordinates = object.coordinates,
+               i = -1,
+               n = coordinates.length;
+
+           while (++i < n) {
+             streamLine(coordinates[i], stream, 0);
            }
          },
-         result: function() {
-           if (this._string.length) {
-             var result = this._string.join("");
-             this._string = [];
-             return result;
-           } else {
-             return null;
+         Polygon: function Polygon(object, stream) {
+           streamPolygon(object.coordinates, stream);
+         },
+         MultiPolygon: function MultiPolygon(object, stream) {
+           var coordinates = object.coordinates,
+               i = -1,
+               n = coordinates.length;
+
+           while (++i < n) {
+             streamPolygon(coordinates[i], stream);
+           }
+         },
+         GeometryCollection: function GeometryCollection(object, stream) {
+           var geometries = object.geometries,
+               i = -1,
+               n = geometries.length;
+
+           while (++i < n) {
+             streamGeometry(geometries[i], stream);
            }
          }
        };
 
-       function circle(radius) {
-         return "m0," + radius
-             + "a" + radius + "," + radius + " 0 1,1 0," + -2 * radius
-             + "a" + radius + "," + radius + " 0 1,1 0," + 2 * radius
-             + "z";
-       }
-
-       function d3_geoPath(projection, context) {
-         var pointRadius = 4.5,
-             projectionStream,
-             contextStream;
+       function streamLine(coordinates, stream, closed) {
+         var i = -1,
+             n = coordinates.length - closed,
+             coordinate;
+         stream.lineStart();
 
-         function path(object) {
-           if (object) {
-             if (typeof pointRadius === "function") contextStream.pointRadius(+pointRadius.apply(this, arguments));
-             d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(contextStream));
-           }
-           return contextStream.result();
+         while (++i < n) {
+           coordinate = coordinates[i], stream.point(coordinate[0], coordinate[1], coordinate[2]);
          }
 
-         path.area = function(object) {
-           d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(areaStream$1));
-           return areaStream$1.result();
-         };
+         stream.lineEnd();
+       }
 
-         path.measure = function(object) {
-           d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(lengthStream$1));
-           return lengthStream$1.result();
-         };
+       function streamPolygon(coordinates, stream) {
+         var i = -1,
+             n = coordinates.length;
+         stream.polygonStart();
 
-         path.bounds = function(object) {
-           d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(boundsStream$1));
-           return boundsStream$1.result();
-         };
+         while (++i < n) {
+           streamLine(coordinates[i], stream, 1);
+         }
 
-         path.centroid = function(object) {
-           d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(centroidStream$1));
-           return centroidStream$1.result();
-         };
+         stream.polygonEnd();
+       }
 
-         path.projection = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (projectionStream = _ == null ? (projection = null, identity) : (projection = _).stream, path) : projection;
-         };
+       function d3_geoStream (object, stream) {
+         if (object && streamObjectType.hasOwnProperty(object.type)) {
+           streamObjectType[object.type](object, stream);
+         } else {
+           streamGeometry(object, stream);
+         }
+       }
 
-         path.context = function(_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return context;
-           contextStream = _ == null ? (context = null, new PathString) : new PathContext(context = _);
-           if (typeof pointRadius !== "function") contextStream.pointRadius(pointRadius);
-           return path;
-         };
+       var areaRingSum$1 = new Adder(); // hello?
 
-         path.pointRadius = function(_) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return pointRadius;
-           pointRadius = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : (contextStream.pointRadius(+_), +_);
-           return path;
-         };
+       var areaSum$1 = new Adder(),
+           lambda00$1,
+           phi00$1,
+           lambda0$2,
+           cosPhi0$1,
+           sinPhi0$1;
+       var areaStream$1 = {
+         point: noop$1,
+         lineStart: noop$1,
+         lineEnd: noop$1,
+         polygonStart: function polygonStart() {
+           areaRingSum$1 = new Adder();
+           areaStream$1.lineStart = areaRingStart$1;
+           areaStream$1.lineEnd = areaRingEnd$1;
+         },
+         polygonEnd: function polygonEnd() {
+           var areaRing = +areaRingSum$1;
+           areaSum$1.add(areaRing < 0 ? tau + areaRing : areaRing);
+           this.lineStart = this.lineEnd = this.point = noop$1;
+         },
+         sphere: function sphere() {
+           areaSum$1.add(tau);
+         }
+       };
 
-         return path.projection(projection).context(context);
+       function areaRingStart$1() {
+         areaStream$1.point = areaPointFirst$1;
        }
 
-       function d3_geoTransform(methods) {
-         return {
-           stream: transformer(methods)
-         };
+       function areaRingEnd$1() {
+         areaPoint$1(lambda00$1, phi00$1);
        }
 
-       function transformer(methods) {
-         return function(stream) {
-           var s = new TransformStream;
-           for (var key in methods) s[key] = methods[key];
-           s.stream = stream;
-           return s;
-         };
+       function areaPointFirst$1(lambda, phi) {
+         areaStream$1.point = areaPoint$1;
+         lambda00$1 = lambda, phi00$1 = phi;
+         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
+         lambda0$2 = lambda, cosPhi0$1 = cos(phi = phi / 2 + quarterPi), sinPhi0$1 = sin(phi);
        }
 
-       function TransformStream() {}
+       function areaPoint$1(lambda, phi) {
+         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
+         phi = phi / 2 + quarterPi; // half the angular distance from south pole
+         // Spherical excess E for a spherical triangle with vertices: south pole,
+         // previous point, current point.  Uses a formula derived from Cagnoli’s
+         // theorem.  See Todhunter, Spherical Trig. (1871), Sec. 103, Eq. (2).
 
-       TransformStream.prototype = {
-         constructor: TransformStream,
-         point: function(x, y) { this.stream.point(x, y); },
-         sphere: function() { this.stream.sphere(); },
-         lineStart: function() { this.stream.lineStart(); },
-         lineEnd: function() { this.stream.lineEnd(); },
-         polygonStart: function() { this.stream.polygonStart(); },
-         polygonEnd: function() { this.stream.polygonEnd(); }
-       };
+         var dLambda = lambda - lambda0$2,
+             sdLambda = dLambda >= 0 ? 1 : -1,
+             adLambda = sdLambda * dLambda,
+             cosPhi = cos(phi),
+             sinPhi = sin(phi),
+             k = sinPhi0$1 * sinPhi,
+             u = cosPhi0$1 * cosPhi + k * cos(adLambda),
+             v = k * sdLambda * sin(adLambda);
+         areaRingSum$1.add(atan2(v, u)); // Advance the previous points.
 
-       function fit(projection, fitBounds, object) {
-         var clip = projection.clipExtent && projection.clipExtent();
-         projection.scale(150).translate([0, 0]);
-         if (clip != null) projection.clipExtent(null);
-         d3_geoStream(object, projection.stream(boundsStream$1));
-         fitBounds(boundsStream$1.result());
-         if (clip != null) projection.clipExtent(clip);
-         return projection;
+         lambda0$2 = lambda, cosPhi0$1 = cosPhi, sinPhi0$1 = sinPhi;
        }
 
-       function fitExtent(projection, extent, object) {
-         return fit(projection, function(b) {
-           var w = extent[1][0] - extent[0][0],
-               h = extent[1][1] - extent[0][1],
-               k = Math.min(w / (b[1][0] - b[0][0]), h / (b[1][1] - b[0][1])),
-               x = +extent[0][0] + (w - k * (b[1][0] + b[0][0])) / 2,
-               y = +extent[0][1] + (h - k * (b[1][1] + b[0][1])) / 2;
-           projection.scale(150 * k).translate([x, y]);
-         }, object);
+       function d3_geoArea (object) {
+         areaSum$1 = new Adder();
+         d3_geoStream(object, areaStream$1);
+         return areaSum$1 * 2;
        }
 
-       function fitSize(projection, size, object) {
-         return fitExtent(projection, [[0, 0], size], object);
+       function spherical(cartesian) {
+         return [atan2(cartesian[1], cartesian[0]), asin(cartesian[2])];
        }
-
-       function fitWidth(projection, width, object) {
-         return fit(projection, function(b) {
-           var w = +width,
-               k = w / (b[1][0] - b[0][0]),
-               x = (w - k * (b[1][0] + b[0][0])) / 2,
-               y = -k * b[0][1];
-           projection.scale(150 * k).translate([x, y]);
-         }, object);
+       function cartesian(spherical) {
+         var lambda = spherical[0],
+             phi = spherical[1],
+             cosPhi = cos(phi);
+         return [cosPhi * cos(lambda), cosPhi * sin(lambda), sin(phi)];
        }
-
-       function fitHeight(projection, height, object) {
-         return fit(projection, function(b) {
-           var h = +height,
-               k = h / (b[1][1] - b[0][1]),
-               x = -k * b[0][0],
-               y = (h - k * (b[1][1] + b[0][1])) / 2;
-           projection.scale(150 * k).translate([x, y]);
-         }, object);
+       function cartesianDot(a, b) {
+         return a[0] * b[0] + a[1] * b[1] + a[2] * b[2];
        }
+       function cartesianCross(a, b) {
+         return [a[1] * b[2] - a[2] * b[1], a[2] * b[0] - a[0] * b[2], a[0] * b[1] - a[1] * b[0]];
+       } // TODO return a
 
-       var maxDepth = 16, // maximum depth of subdivision
-           cosMinDistance = cos(30 * radians); // cos(minimum angular distance)
-
-       function resample(project, delta2) {
-         return +delta2 ? resample$1(project, delta2) : resampleNone(project);
+       function cartesianAddInPlace(a, b) {
+         a[0] += b[0], a[1] += b[1], a[2] += b[2];
        }
+       function cartesianScale(vector, k) {
+         return [vector[0] * k, vector[1] * k, vector[2] * k];
+       } // TODO return d
 
-       function resampleNone(project) {
-         return transformer({
-           point: function(x, y) {
-             x = project(x, y);
-             this.stream.point(x[0], x[1]);
-           }
-         });
+       function cartesianNormalizeInPlace(d) {
+         var l = sqrt(d[0] * d[0] + d[1] * d[1] + d[2] * d[2]);
+         d[0] /= l, d[1] /= l, d[2] /= l;
        }
 
-       function resample$1(project, delta2) {
-
-         function resampleLineTo(x0, y0, lambda0, a0, b0, c0, x1, y1, lambda1, a1, b1, c1, depth, stream) {
-           var dx = x1 - x0,
-               dy = y1 - y0,
-               d2 = dx * dx + dy * dy;
-           if (d2 > 4 * delta2 && depth--) {
-             var a = a0 + a1,
-                 b = b0 + b1,
-                 c = c0 + c1,
-                 m = sqrt(a * a + b * b + c * c),
-                 phi2 = asin(c /= m),
-                 lambda2 = abs$2(abs$2(c) - 1) < epsilon || abs$2(lambda0 - lambda1) < epsilon ? (lambda0 + lambda1) / 2 : atan2(b, a),
-                 p = project(lambda2, phi2),
-                 x2 = p[0],
-                 y2 = p[1],
-                 dx2 = x2 - x0,
-                 dy2 = y2 - y0,
-                 dz = dy * dx2 - dx * dy2;
-             if (dz * dz / d2 > delta2 // perpendicular projected distance
-                 || abs$2((dx * dx2 + dy * dy2) / d2 - 0.5) > 0.3 // midpoint close to an end
-                 || a0 * a1 + b0 * b1 + c0 * c1 < cosMinDistance) { // angular distance
-               resampleLineTo(x0, y0, lambda0, a0, b0, c0, x2, y2, lambda2, a /= m, b /= m, c, depth, stream);
-               stream.point(x2, y2);
-               resampleLineTo(x2, y2, lambda2, a, b, c, x1, y1, lambda1, a1, b1, c1, depth, stream);
-             }
-           }
+       var lambda0$1, phi0, lambda1, phi1, // bounds
+       lambda2, // previous lambda-coordinate
+       lambda00, phi00, // first point
+       p0, // previous 3D point
+       deltaSum, ranges, range;
+       var boundsStream$1 = {
+         point: boundsPoint$1,
+         lineStart: boundsLineStart,
+         lineEnd: boundsLineEnd,
+         polygonStart: function polygonStart() {
+           boundsStream$1.point = boundsRingPoint;
+           boundsStream$1.lineStart = boundsRingStart;
+           boundsStream$1.lineEnd = boundsRingEnd;
+           deltaSum = new Adder();
+           areaStream$1.polygonStart();
+         },
+         polygonEnd: function polygonEnd() {
+           areaStream$1.polygonEnd();
+           boundsStream$1.point = boundsPoint$1;
+           boundsStream$1.lineStart = boundsLineStart;
+           boundsStream$1.lineEnd = boundsLineEnd;
+           if (areaRingSum$1 < 0) lambda0$1 = -(lambda1 = 180), phi0 = -(phi1 = 90);else if (deltaSum > epsilon$1) phi1 = 90;else if (deltaSum < -epsilon$1) phi0 = -90;
+           range[0] = lambda0$1, range[1] = lambda1;
+         },
+         sphere: function sphere() {
+           lambda0$1 = -(lambda1 = 180), phi0 = -(phi1 = 90);
          }
-         return function(stream) {
-           var lambda00, x00, y00, a00, b00, c00, // first point
-               lambda0, x0, y0, a0, b0, c0; // previous point
-
-           var resampleStream = {
-             point: point,
-             lineStart: lineStart,
-             lineEnd: lineEnd,
-             polygonStart: function() { stream.polygonStart(); resampleStream.lineStart = ringStart; },
-             polygonEnd: function() { stream.polygonEnd(); resampleStream.lineStart = lineStart; }
-           };
+       };
 
-           function point(x, y) {
-             x = project(x, y);
-             stream.point(x[0], x[1]);
-           }
+       function boundsPoint$1(lambda, phi) {
+         ranges.push(range = [lambda0$1 = lambda, lambda1 = lambda]);
+         if (phi < phi0) phi0 = phi;
+         if (phi > phi1) phi1 = phi;
+       }
 
-           function lineStart() {
-             x0 = NaN;
-             resampleStream.point = linePoint;
-             stream.lineStart();
-           }
+       function linePoint(lambda, phi) {
+         var p = cartesian([lambda * radians, phi * radians]);
 
-           function linePoint(lambda, phi) {
-             var c = cartesian([lambda, phi]), p = project(lambda, phi);
-             resampleLineTo(x0, y0, lambda0, a0, b0, c0, x0 = p[0], y0 = p[1], lambda0 = lambda, a0 = c[0], b0 = c[1], c0 = c[2], maxDepth, stream);
-             stream.point(x0, y0);
-           }
+         if (p0) {
+           var normal = cartesianCross(p0, p),
+               equatorial = [normal[1], -normal[0], 0],
+               inflection = cartesianCross(equatorial, normal);
+           cartesianNormalizeInPlace(inflection);
+           inflection = spherical(inflection);
+           var delta = lambda - lambda2,
+               sign = delta > 0 ? 1 : -1,
+               lambdai = inflection[0] * degrees$1 * sign,
+               phii,
+               antimeridian = abs$2(delta) > 180;
 
-           function lineEnd() {
-             resampleStream.point = point;
-             stream.lineEnd();
+           if (antimeridian ^ (sign * lambda2 < lambdai && lambdai < sign * lambda)) {
+             phii = inflection[1] * degrees$1;
+             if (phii > phi1) phi1 = phii;
+           } else if (lambdai = (lambdai + 360) % 360 - 180, antimeridian ^ (sign * lambda2 < lambdai && lambdai < sign * lambda)) {
+             phii = -inflection[1] * degrees$1;
+             if (phii < phi0) phi0 = phii;
+           } else {
+             if (phi < phi0) phi0 = phi;
+             if (phi > phi1) phi1 = phi;
            }
 
-           function ringStart() {
-             lineStart();
-             resampleStream.point = ringPoint;
-             resampleStream.lineEnd = ringEnd;
+           if (antimeridian) {
+             if (lambda < lambda2) {
+               if (angle(lambda0$1, lambda) > angle(lambda0$1, lambda1)) lambda1 = lambda;
+             } else {
+               if (angle(lambda, lambda1) > angle(lambda0$1, lambda1)) lambda0$1 = lambda;
+             }
+           } else {
+             if (lambda1 >= lambda0$1) {
+               if (lambda < lambda0$1) lambda0$1 = lambda;
+               if (lambda > lambda1) lambda1 = lambda;
+             } else {
+               if (lambda > lambda2) {
+                 if (angle(lambda0$1, lambda) > angle(lambda0$1, lambda1)) lambda1 = lambda;
+               } else {
+                 if (angle(lambda, lambda1) > angle(lambda0$1, lambda1)) lambda0$1 = lambda;
+               }
+             }
            }
+         } else {
+           ranges.push(range = [lambda0$1 = lambda, lambda1 = lambda]);
+         }
 
-           function ringPoint(lambda, phi) {
-             linePoint(lambda00 = lambda, phi), x00 = x0, y00 = y0, a00 = a0, b00 = b0, c00 = c0;
-             resampleStream.point = linePoint;
-           }
+         if (phi < phi0) phi0 = phi;
+         if (phi > phi1) phi1 = phi;
+         p0 = p, lambda2 = lambda;
+       }
 
-           function ringEnd() {
-             resampleLineTo(x0, y0, lambda0, a0, b0, c0, x00, y00, lambda00, a00, b00, c00, maxDepth, stream);
-             resampleStream.lineEnd = lineEnd;
-             lineEnd();
-           }
+       function boundsLineStart() {
+         boundsStream$1.point = linePoint;
+       }
 
-           return resampleStream;
-         };
+       function boundsLineEnd() {
+         range[0] = lambda0$1, range[1] = lambda1;
+         boundsStream$1.point = boundsPoint$1;
+         p0 = null;
        }
 
-       var transformRadians = transformer({
-         point: function(x, y) {
-           this.stream.point(x * radians, y * radians);
+       function boundsRingPoint(lambda, phi) {
+         if (p0) {
+           var delta = lambda - lambda2;
+           deltaSum.add(abs$2(delta) > 180 ? delta + (delta > 0 ? 360 : -360) : delta);
+         } else {
+           lambda00 = lambda, phi00 = phi;
          }
-       });
 
-       function transformRotate(rotate) {
-         return transformer({
-           point: function(x, y) {
-             var r = rotate(x, y);
-             return this.stream.point(r[0], r[1]);
-           }
-         });
+         areaStream$1.point(lambda, phi);
+         linePoint(lambda, phi);
        }
 
-       function scaleTranslate(k, dx, dy, sx, sy) {
-         function transform(x, y) {
-           x *= sx; y *= sy;
-           return [dx + k * x, dy - k * y];
-         }
-         transform.invert = function(x, y) {
-           return [(x - dx) / k * sx, (dy - y) / k * sy];
-         };
-         return transform;
+       function boundsRingStart() {
+         areaStream$1.lineStart();
        }
 
-       function scaleTranslateRotate(k, dx, dy, sx, sy, alpha) {
-         var cosAlpha = cos(alpha),
-             sinAlpha = sin(alpha),
-             a = cosAlpha * k,
-             b = sinAlpha * k,
-             ai = cosAlpha / k,
-             bi = sinAlpha / k,
-             ci = (sinAlpha * dy - cosAlpha * dx) / k,
-             fi = (sinAlpha * dx + cosAlpha * dy) / k;
-         function transform(x, y) {
-           x *= sx; y *= sy;
-           return [a * x - b * y + dx, dy - b * x - a * y];
-         }
-         transform.invert = function(x, y) {
-           return [sx * (ai * x - bi * y + ci), sy * (fi - bi * x - ai * y)];
-         };
-         return transform;
+       function boundsRingEnd() {
+         boundsRingPoint(lambda00, phi00);
+         areaStream$1.lineEnd();
+         if (abs$2(deltaSum) > epsilon$1) lambda0$1 = -(lambda1 = 180);
+         range[0] = lambda0$1, range[1] = lambda1;
+         p0 = null;
+       } // Finds the left-right distance between two longitudes.
+       // This is almost the same as (lambda1 - lambda0 + 360°) % 360°, except that we want
+       // the distance between ±180° to be 360°.
+
+
+       function angle(lambda0, lambda1) {
+         return (lambda1 -= lambda0) < 0 ? lambda1 + 360 : lambda1;
        }
 
-       function projection(project) {
-         return projectionMutator(function() { return project; })();
+       function rangeCompare(a, b) {
+         return a[0] - b[0];
        }
 
-       function projectionMutator(projectAt) {
-         var project,
-             k = 150, // scale
-             x = 480, y = 250, // translate
-             lambda = 0, phi = 0, // center
-             deltaLambda = 0, deltaPhi = 0, deltaGamma = 0, rotate, // pre-rotate
-             alpha = 0, // post-rotate angle
-             sx = 1, // reflectX
-             sy = 1, // reflectX
-             theta = null, preclip = clipAntimeridian, // pre-clip angle
-             x0 = null, y0, x1, y1, postclip = identity, // post-clip extent
-             delta2 = 0.5, // precision
-             projectResample,
-             projectTransform,
-             projectRotateTransform,
-             cache,
-             cacheStream;
+       function rangeContains(range, x) {
+         return range[0] <= range[1] ? range[0] <= x && x <= range[1] : x < range[0] || range[1] < x;
+       }
 
-         function projection(point) {
-           return projectRotateTransform(point[0] * radians, point[1] * radians);
-         }
+       function d3_geoBounds (feature) {
+         var i, n, a, b, merged, deltaMax, delta;
+         phi1 = lambda1 = -(lambda0$1 = phi0 = Infinity);
+         ranges = [];
+         d3_geoStream(feature, boundsStream$1); // First, sort ranges by their minimum longitudes.
 
-         function invert(point) {
-           point = projectRotateTransform.invert(point[0], point[1]);
-           return point && [point[0] * degrees, point[1] * degrees];
-         }
+         if (n = ranges.length) {
+           ranges.sort(rangeCompare); // Then, merge any ranges that overlap.
 
-         projection.stream = function(stream) {
-           return cache && cacheStream === stream ? cache : cache = transformRadians(transformRotate(rotate)(preclip(projectResample(postclip(cacheStream = stream)))));
-         };
+           for (i = 1, a = ranges[0], merged = [a]; i < n; ++i) {
+             b = ranges[i];
 
-         projection.preclip = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (preclip = _, theta = undefined, reset()) : preclip;
-         };
+             if (rangeContains(a, b[0]) || rangeContains(a, b[1])) {
+               if (angle(a[0], b[1]) > angle(a[0], a[1])) a[1] = b[1];
+               if (angle(b[0], a[1]) > angle(a[0], a[1])) a[0] = b[0];
+             } else {
+               merged.push(a = b);
+             }
+           } // Finally, find the largest gap between the merged ranges.
+           // The final bounding box will be the inverse of this gap.
 
-         projection.postclip = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (postclip = _, x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, reset()) : postclip;
-         };
 
-         projection.clipAngle = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (preclip = +_ ? clipCircle(theta = _ * radians) : (theta = null, clipAntimeridian), reset()) : theta * degrees;
-         };
+           for (deltaMax = -Infinity, n = merged.length - 1, i = 0, a = merged[n]; i <= n; a = b, ++i) {
+             b = merged[i];
+             if ((delta = angle(a[1], b[0])) > deltaMax) deltaMax = delta, lambda0$1 = b[0], lambda1 = a[1];
+           }
+         }
 
-         projection.clipExtent = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (postclip = _ == null ? (x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, identity) : clipRectangle(x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1]), reset()) : x0 == null ? null : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
-         };
+         ranges = range = null;
+         return lambda0$1 === Infinity || phi0 === Infinity ? [[NaN, NaN], [NaN, NaN]] : [[lambda0$1, phi0], [lambda1, phi1]];
+       }
 
-         projection.scale = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (k = +_, recenter()) : k;
-         };
+       function compose (a, b) {
+         function compose(x, y) {
+           return x = a(x, y), b(x[0], x[1]);
+         }
 
-         projection.translate = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (x = +_[0], y = +_[1], recenter()) : [x, y];
+         if (a.invert && b.invert) compose.invert = function (x, y) {
+           return x = b.invert(x, y), x && a.invert(x[0], x[1]);
          };
+         return compose;
+       }
 
-         projection.center = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (lambda = _[0] % 360 * radians, phi = _[1] % 360 * radians, recenter()) : [lambda * degrees, phi * degrees];
-         };
+       function rotationIdentity(lambda, phi) {
+         return [abs$2(lambda) > pi ? lambda + Math.round(-lambda / tau) * tau : lambda, phi];
+       }
 
-         projection.rotate = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (deltaLambda = _[0] % 360 * radians, deltaPhi = _[1] % 360 * radians, deltaGamma = _.length > 2 ? _[2] % 360 * radians : 0, recenter()) : [deltaLambda * degrees, deltaPhi * degrees, deltaGamma * degrees];
-         };
+       rotationIdentity.invert = rotationIdentity;
+       function rotateRadians(deltaLambda, deltaPhi, deltaGamma) {
+         return (deltaLambda %= tau) ? deltaPhi || deltaGamma ? compose(rotationLambda(deltaLambda), rotationPhiGamma(deltaPhi, deltaGamma)) : rotationLambda(deltaLambda) : deltaPhi || deltaGamma ? rotationPhiGamma(deltaPhi, deltaGamma) : rotationIdentity;
+       }
 
-         projection.angle = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (alpha = _ % 360 * radians, recenter()) : alpha * degrees;
+       function forwardRotationLambda(deltaLambda) {
+         return function (lambda, phi) {
+           return lambda += deltaLambda, [lambda > pi ? lambda - tau : lambda < -pi ? lambda + tau : lambda, phi];
          };
+       }
 
-         projection.reflectX = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (sx = _ ? -1 : 1, recenter()) : sx < 0;
-         };
+       function rotationLambda(deltaLambda) {
+         var rotation = forwardRotationLambda(deltaLambda);
+         rotation.invert = forwardRotationLambda(-deltaLambda);
+         return rotation;
+       }
 
-         projection.reflectY = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (sy = _ ? -1 : 1, recenter()) : sy < 0;
-         };
+       function rotationPhiGamma(deltaPhi, deltaGamma) {
+         var cosDeltaPhi = cos(deltaPhi),
+             sinDeltaPhi = sin(deltaPhi),
+             cosDeltaGamma = cos(deltaGamma),
+             sinDeltaGamma = sin(deltaGamma);
 
-         projection.precision = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (projectResample = resample(projectTransform, delta2 = _ * _), reset()) : sqrt(delta2);
-         };
+         function rotation(lambda, phi) {
+           var cosPhi = cos(phi),
+               x = cos(lambda) * cosPhi,
+               y = sin(lambda) * cosPhi,
+               z = sin(phi),
+               k = z * cosDeltaPhi + x * sinDeltaPhi;
+           return [atan2(y * cosDeltaGamma - k * sinDeltaGamma, x * cosDeltaPhi - z * sinDeltaPhi), asin(k * cosDeltaGamma + y * sinDeltaGamma)];
+         }
 
-         projection.fitExtent = function(extent, object) {
-           return fitExtent(projection, extent, object);
+         rotation.invert = function (lambda, phi) {
+           var cosPhi = cos(phi),
+               x = cos(lambda) * cosPhi,
+               y = sin(lambda) * cosPhi,
+               z = sin(phi),
+               k = z * cosDeltaGamma - y * sinDeltaGamma;
+           return [atan2(y * cosDeltaGamma + z * sinDeltaGamma, x * cosDeltaPhi + k * sinDeltaPhi), asin(k * cosDeltaPhi - x * sinDeltaPhi)];
          };
 
-         projection.fitSize = function(size, object) {
-           return fitSize(projection, size, object);
-         };
+         return rotation;
+       }
 
-         projection.fitWidth = function(width, object) {
-           return fitWidth(projection, width, object);
-         };
+       function rotation (rotate) {
+         rotate = rotateRadians(rotate[0] * radians, rotate[1] * radians, rotate.length > 2 ? rotate[2] * radians : 0);
 
-         projection.fitHeight = function(height, object) {
-           return fitHeight(projection, height, object);
+         function forward(coordinates) {
+           coordinates = rotate(coordinates[0] * radians, coordinates[1] * radians);
+           return coordinates[0] *= degrees$1, coordinates[1] *= degrees$1, coordinates;
+         }
+
+         forward.invert = function (coordinates) {
+           coordinates = rotate.invert(coordinates[0] * radians, coordinates[1] * radians);
+           return coordinates[0] *= degrees$1, coordinates[1] *= degrees$1, coordinates;
          };
 
-         function recenter() {
-           var center = scaleTranslateRotate(k, 0, 0, sx, sy, alpha).apply(null, project(lambda, phi)),
-               transform = (alpha ? scaleTranslateRotate : scaleTranslate)(k, x - center[0], y - center[1], sx, sy, alpha);
-           rotate = rotateRadians(deltaLambda, deltaPhi, deltaGamma);
-           projectTransform = compose(project, transform);
-           projectRotateTransform = compose(rotate, projectTransform);
-           projectResample = resample(projectTransform, delta2);
-           return reset();
+         return forward;
+       }
+
+       function circleStream(stream, radius, delta, direction, t0, t1) {
+         if (!delta) return;
+         var cosRadius = cos(radius),
+             sinRadius = sin(radius),
+             step = direction * delta;
+
+         if (t0 == null) {
+           t0 = radius + direction * tau;
+           t1 = radius - step / 2;
+         } else {
+           t0 = circleRadius(cosRadius, t0);
+           t1 = circleRadius(cosRadius, t1);
+           if (direction > 0 ? t0 < t1 : t0 > t1) t0 += direction * tau;
          }
 
-         function reset() {
-           cache = cacheStream = null;
-           return projection;
+         for (var point, t = t0; direction > 0 ? t > t1 : t < t1; t -= step) {
+           point = spherical([cosRadius, -sinRadius * cos(t), -sinRadius * sin(t)]);
+           stream.point(point[0], point[1]);
          }
+       } // Returns the signed angle of a cartesian point relative to [cosRadius, 0, 0].
 
-         return function() {
-           project = projectAt.apply(this, arguments);
-           projection.invert = project.invert && invert;
-           return recenter();
-         };
+       function circleRadius(cosRadius, point) {
+         point = cartesian(point), point[0] -= cosRadius;
+         cartesianNormalizeInPlace(point);
+         var radius = acos(-point[1]);
+         return ((-point[2] < 0 ? -radius : radius) + tau - epsilon$1) % tau;
        }
 
-       function mercatorRaw(lambda, phi) {
-         return [lambda, log(tan((halfPi + phi) / 2))];
+       function clipBuffer () {
+         var lines = [],
+             line;
+         return {
+           point: function point(x, y, m) {
+             line.push([x, y, m]);
+           },
+           lineStart: function lineStart() {
+             lines.push(line = []);
+           },
+           lineEnd: noop$1,
+           rejoin: function rejoin() {
+             if (lines.length > 1) lines.push(lines.pop().concat(lines.shift()));
+           },
+           result: function result() {
+             var result = lines;
+             lines = [];
+             line = null;
+             return result;
+           }
+         };
        }
 
-       mercatorRaw.invert = function(x, y) {
-         return [x, 2 * atan(exp(y)) - halfPi];
-       };
-
-       function mercator() {
-         return mercatorProjection(mercatorRaw)
-             .scale(961 / tau);
+       function pointEqual (a, b) {
+         return abs$2(a[0] - b[0]) < epsilon$1 && abs$2(a[1] - b[1]) < epsilon$1;
        }
 
-       function mercatorProjection(project) {
-         var m = projection(project),
-             center = m.center,
-             scale = m.scale,
-             translate = m.translate,
-             clipExtent = m.clipExtent,
-             x0 = null, y0, x1, y1; // clip extent
+       function Intersection(point, points, other, entry) {
+         this.x = point;
+         this.z = points;
+         this.o = other; // another intersection
 
-         m.scale = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (scale(_), reclip()) : scale();
-         };
+         this.e = entry; // is an entry?
 
-         m.translate = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (translate(_), reclip()) : translate();
-         };
+         this.v = false; // visited
 
-         m.center = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (center(_), reclip()) : center();
-         };
+         this.n = this.p = null; // next & previous
+       } // A generalized polygon clipping algorithm: given a polygon that has been cut
+       // into its visible line segments, and rejoins the segments by interpolating
+       // along the clip edge.
 
-         m.clipExtent = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? ((_ == null ? x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null : (x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1])), reclip()) : x0 == null ? null : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
-         };
 
-         function reclip() {
-           var k = pi * scale(),
-               t = m(rotation(m.rotate()).invert([0, 0]));
-           return clipExtent(x0 == null
-               ? [[t[0] - k, t[1] - k], [t[0] + k, t[1] + k]] : project === mercatorRaw
-               ? [[Math.max(t[0] - k, x0), y0], [Math.min(t[0] + k, x1), y1]]
-               : [[x0, Math.max(t[1] - k, y0)], [x1, Math.min(t[1] + k, y1)]]);
-         }
+       function clipRejoin (segments, compareIntersection, startInside, interpolate, stream) {
+         var subject = [],
+             clip = [],
+             i,
+             n;
+         segments.forEach(function (segment) {
+           if ((n = segment.length - 1) <= 0) return;
+           var n,
+               p0 = segment[0],
+               p1 = segment[n],
+               x;
 
-         return reclip();
-       }
+           if (pointEqual(p0, p1)) {
+             if (!p0[2] && !p1[2]) {
+               stream.lineStart();
 
-       function d3_geoIdentity() {
-         var k = 1, tx = 0, ty = 0, sx = 1, sy = 1, // scale, translate and reflect
-             alpha = 0, ca, sa, // angle
-             x0 = null, y0, x1, y1, // clip extent
-             kx = 1, ky = 1,
-             transform = transformer({
-               point: function(x, y) {
-                 var p = projection([x, y]);
-                 this.stream.point(p[0], p[1]);
+               for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+                 stream.point((p0 = segment[i])[0], p0[1]);
                }
-             }),
-             postclip = identity,
-             cache,
-             cacheStream;
 
-         function reset() {
-           kx = k * sx;
-           ky = k * sy;
-           cache = cacheStream = null;
-           return projection;
-         }
+               stream.lineEnd();
+               return;
+             } // handle degenerate cases by moving the point
 
-         function projection (p) {
-           var x = p[0] * kx, y = p[1] * ky;
-           if (alpha) {
-             var t = y * ca - x * sa;
-             x = x * ca + y * sa;
-             y = t;
-           }    
-           return [x + tx, y + ty];
-         }
-         projection.invert = function(p) {
-           var x = p[0] - tx, y = p[1] - ty;
-           if (alpha) {
-             var t = y * ca + x * sa;
-             x = x * ca - y * sa;
-             y = t;
-           }
-           return [x / kx, y / ky];
-         };
-         projection.stream = function(stream) {
-           return cache && cacheStream === stream ? cache : cache = transform(postclip(cacheStream = stream));
-         };
-         projection.postclip = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (postclip = _, x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, reset()) : postclip;
-         };
-         projection.clipExtent = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (postclip = _ == null ? (x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, identity) : clipRectangle(x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1]), reset()) : x0 == null ? null : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
-         };
-         projection.scale = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (k = +_, reset()) : k;
-         };
-         projection.translate = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (tx = +_[0], ty = +_[1], reset()) : [tx, ty];
-         };
-         projection.angle = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (alpha = _ % 360 * radians, sa = sin(alpha), ca = cos(alpha), reset()) : alpha * degrees;
-         };
-         projection.reflectX = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (sx = _ ? -1 : 1, reset()) : sx < 0;
-         };
-         projection.reflectY = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (sy = _ ? -1 : 1, reset()) : sy < 0;
-         };
-         projection.fitExtent = function(extent, object) {
-           return fitExtent(projection, extent, object);
-         };
-         projection.fitSize = function(size, object) {
-           return fitSize(projection, size, object);
-         };
-         projection.fitWidth = function(width, object) {
-           return fitWidth(projection, width, object);
-         };
-         projection.fitHeight = function(height, object) {
-           return fitHeight(projection, height, object);
-         };
 
-         return projection;
-       }
+             p1[0] += 2 * epsilon$1;
+           }
 
-       // constants
-       var TAU = 2 * Math.PI;
-       var EQUATORIAL_RADIUS = 6356752.314245179;
-       var POLAR_RADIUS = 6378137.0;
+           subject.push(x = new Intersection(p0, segment, null, true));
+           clip.push(x.o = new Intersection(p0, null, x, false));
+           subject.push(x = new Intersection(p1, segment, null, false));
+           clip.push(x.o = new Intersection(p1, null, x, true));
+         });
+         if (!subject.length) return;
+         clip.sort(compareIntersection);
+         link(subject);
+         link(clip);
 
+         for (i = 0, n = clip.length; i < n; ++i) {
+           clip[i].e = startInside = !startInside;
+         }
 
-       function geoLatToMeters(dLat) {
-           return dLat * (TAU * POLAR_RADIUS / 360);
-       }
+         var start = subject[0],
+             points,
+             point;
 
+         while (1) {
+           // Find first unvisited intersection.
+           var current = start,
+               isSubject = true;
 
-       function geoLonToMeters(dLon, atLat) {
-           return Math.abs(atLat) >= 90 ? 0 :
-               dLon * (TAU * EQUATORIAL_RADIUS / 360) * Math.abs(Math.cos(atLat * (Math.PI / 180)));
-       }
+           while (current.v) {
+             if ((current = current.n) === start) return;
+           }
 
+           points = current.z;
+           stream.lineStart();
 
-       function geoMetersToLat(m) {
-           return m / (TAU * POLAR_RADIUS / 360);
-       }
+           do {
+             current.v = current.o.v = true;
 
+             if (current.e) {
+               if (isSubject) {
+                 for (i = 0, n = points.length; i < n; ++i) {
+                   stream.point((point = points[i])[0], point[1]);
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 interpolate(current.x, current.n.x, 1, stream);
+               }
 
-       function geoMetersToLon(m, atLat) {
-           return Math.abs(atLat) >= 90 ? 0 :
-               m / (TAU * EQUATORIAL_RADIUS / 360) / Math.abs(Math.cos(atLat * (Math.PI / 180)));
-       }
+               current = current.n;
+             } else {
+               if (isSubject) {
+                 points = current.p.z;
 
+                 for (i = points.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+                   stream.point((point = points[i])[0], point[1]);
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 interpolate(current.x, current.p.x, -1, stream);
+               }
 
-       function geoMetersToOffset(meters, tileSize) {
-           tileSize = tileSize || 256;
-           return [
-               meters[0] * tileSize / (TAU * EQUATORIAL_RADIUS),
-               -meters[1] * tileSize / (TAU * POLAR_RADIUS)
-           ];
-       }
+               current = current.p;
+             }
 
+             current = current.o;
+             points = current.z;
+             isSubject = !isSubject;
+           } while (!current.v);
 
-       function geoOffsetToMeters(offset, tileSize) {
-           tileSize = tileSize || 256;
-           return [
-               offset[0] * TAU * EQUATORIAL_RADIUS / tileSize,
-               -offset[1] * TAU * POLAR_RADIUS / tileSize
-           ];
+           stream.lineEnd();
+         }
        }
 
+       function link(array) {
+         if (!(n = array.length)) return;
+         var n,
+             i = 0,
+             a = array[0],
+             b;
+
+         while (++i < n) {
+           a.n = b = array[i];
+           b.p = a;
+           a = b;
+         }
 
-       // Equirectangular approximation of spherical distances on Earth
-       function geoSphericalDistance(a, b) {
-           var x = geoLonToMeters(a[0] - b[0], (a[1] + b[1]) / 2);
-           var y = geoLatToMeters(a[1] - b[1]);
-           return Math.sqrt((x * x) + (y * y));
+         a.n = b = array[0];
+         b.p = a;
        }
 
-
-       // scale to zoom
-       function geoScaleToZoom(k, tileSize) {
-           tileSize = tileSize || 256;
-           var log2ts = Math.log(tileSize) * Math.LOG2E;
-           return Math.log(k * TAU) / Math.LN2 - log2ts;
+       function longitude(point) {
+         if (abs$2(point[0]) <= pi) return point[0];else return sign(point[0]) * ((abs$2(point[0]) + pi) % tau - pi);
        }
 
+       function polygonContains (polygon, point) {
+         var lambda = longitude(point),
+             phi = point[1],
+             sinPhi = sin(phi),
+             normal = [sin(lambda), -cos(lambda), 0],
+             angle = 0,
+             winding = 0;
+         var sum = new Adder();
+         if (sinPhi === 1) phi = halfPi + epsilon$1;else if (sinPhi === -1) phi = -halfPi - epsilon$1;
 
-       // zoom to scale
-       function geoZoomToScale(z, tileSize) {
-           tileSize = tileSize || 256;
-           return tileSize * Math.pow(2, z) / TAU;
-       }
+         for (var i = 0, n = polygon.length; i < n; ++i) {
+           if (!(m = (ring = polygon[i]).length)) continue;
+           var ring,
+               m,
+               point0 = ring[m - 1],
+               lambda0 = longitude(point0),
+               phi0 = point0[1] / 2 + quarterPi,
+               sinPhi0 = sin(phi0),
+               cosPhi0 = cos(phi0);
 
+           for (var j = 0; j < m; ++j, lambda0 = lambda1, sinPhi0 = sinPhi1, cosPhi0 = cosPhi1, point0 = point1) {
+             var point1 = ring[j],
+                 lambda1 = longitude(point1),
+                 phi1 = point1[1] / 2 + quarterPi,
+                 sinPhi1 = sin(phi1),
+                 cosPhi1 = cos(phi1),
+                 delta = lambda1 - lambda0,
+                 sign = delta >= 0 ? 1 : -1,
+                 absDelta = sign * delta,
+                 antimeridian = absDelta > pi,
+                 k = sinPhi0 * sinPhi1;
+             sum.add(atan2(k * sign * sin(absDelta), cosPhi0 * cosPhi1 + k * cos(absDelta)));
+             angle += antimeridian ? delta + sign * tau : delta; // Are the longitudes either side of the point’s meridian (lambda),
+             // and are the latitudes smaller than the parallel (phi)?
 
-       // returns info about the node from `nodes` closest to the given `point`
-       function geoSphericalClosestNode(nodes, point) {
-           var minDistance = Infinity, distance;
-           var indexOfMin;
+             if (antimeridian ^ lambda0 >= lambda ^ lambda1 >= lambda) {
+               var arc = cartesianCross(cartesian(point0), cartesian(point1));
+               cartesianNormalizeInPlace(arc);
+               var intersection = cartesianCross(normal, arc);
+               cartesianNormalizeInPlace(intersection);
+               var phiArc = (antimeridian ^ delta >= 0 ? -1 : 1) * asin(intersection[2]);
 
-           for (var i in nodes) {
-               distance = geoSphericalDistance(nodes[i].loc, point);
-               if (distance < minDistance) {
-                   minDistance = distance;
-                   indexOfMin = i;
+               if (phi > phiArc || phi === phiArc && (arc[0] || arc[1])) {
+                 winding += antimeridian ^ delta >= 0 ? 1 : -1;
                }
+             }
            }
+         } // First, determine whether the South pole is inside or outside:
+         //
+         // It is inside if:
+         // * the polygon winds around it in a clockwise direction.
+         // * the polygon does not (cumulatively) wind around it, but has a negative
+         //   (counter-clockwise) area.
+         //
+         // Second, count the (signed) number of times a segment crosses a lambda
+         // from the point to the South pole.  If it is zero, then the point is the
+         // same side as the South pole.
 
-           if (indexOfMin !== undefined) {
-               return { index: indexOfMin, distance: minDistance, node: nodes[indexOfMin] };
-           } else {
-               return null;
-           }
-       }
 
-       function geoExtent(min, max) {
-           if (!(this instanceof geoExtent)) {
-               return new geoExtent(min, max);
-           } else if (min instanceof geoExtent) {
-               return min;
-           } else if (min && min.length === 2 && min[0].length === 2 && min[1].length === 2) {
-               this[0] = min[0];
-               this[1] = min[1];
-           } else {
-               this[0] = min        || [ Infinity,  Infinity];
-               this[1] = max || min || [-Infinity, -Infinity];
-           }
+         return (angle < -epsilon$1 || angle < epsilon$1 && sum < -epsilon2$1) ^ winding & 1;
        }
 
-       geoExtent.prototype = new Array(2);
-
-       Object.assign(geoExtent.prototype, {
+       function clip (pointVisible, clipLine, interpolate, start) {
+         return function (sink) {
+           var line = clipLine(sink),
+               ringBuffer = clipBuffer(),
+               ringSink = clipLine(ringBuffer),
+               polygonStarted = false,
+               polygon,
+               segments,
+               ring;
+           var clip = {
+             point: point,
+             lineStart: lineStart,
+             lineEnd: lineEnd,
+             polygonStart: function polygonStart() {
+               clip.point = pointRing;
+               clip.lineStart = ringStart;
+               clip.lineEnd = ringEnd;
+               segments = [];
+               polygon = [];
+             },
+             polygonEnd: function polygonEnd() {
+               clip.point = point;
+               clip.lineStart = lineStart;
+               clip.lineEnd = lineEnd;
+               segments = merge$4(segments);
+               var startInside = polygonContains(polygon, start);
 
-           equals: function (obj) {
-               return this[0][0] === obj[0][0] &&
-                   this[0][1] === obj[0][1] &&
-                   this[1][0] === obj[1][0] &&
-                   this[1][1] === obj[1][1];
-           },
+               if (segments.length) {
+                 if (!polygonStarted) sink.polygonStart(), polygonStarted = true;
+                 clipRejoin(segments, compareIntersection, startInside, interpolate, sink);
+               } else if (startInside) {
+                 if (!polygonStarted) sink.polygonStart(), polygonStarted = true;
+                 sink.lineStart();
+                 interpolate(null, null, 1, sink);
+                 sink.lineEnd();
+               }
 
+               if (polygonStarted) sink.polygonEnd(), polygonStarted = false;
+               segments = polygon = null;
+             },
+             sphere: function sphere() {
+               sink.polygonStart();
+               sink.lineStart();
+               interpolate(null, null, 1, sink);
+               sink.lineEnd();
+               sink.polygonEnd();
+             }
+           };
 
-           extend: function(obj) {
-               if (!(obj instanceof geoExtent)) obj = new geoExtent(obj);
-               return geoExtent(
-                   [Math.min(obj[0][0], this[0][0]), Math.min(obj[0][1], this[0][1])],
-                   [Math.max(obj[1][0], this[1][0]), Math.max(obj[1][1], this[1][1])]
-               );
-           },
+           function point(lambda, phi) {
+             if (pointVisible(lambda, phi)) sink.point(lambda, phi);
+           }
 
+           function pointLine(lambda, phi) {
+             line.point(lambda, phi);
+           }
 
-           _extend: function(extent) {
-               this[0][0] = Math.min(extent[0][0], this[0][0]);
-               this[0][1] = Math.min(extent[0][1], this[0][1]);
-               this[1][0] = Math.max(extent[1][0], this[1][0]);
-               this[1][1] = Math.max(extent[1][1], this[1][1]);
-           },
+           function lineStart() {
+             clip.point = pointLine;
+             line.lineStart();
+           }
 
+           function lineEnd() {
+             clip.point = point;
+             line.lineEnd();
+           }
 
-           area: function() {
-               return Math.abs((this[1][0] - this[0][0]) * (this[1][1] - this[0][1]));
-           },
+           function pointRing(lambda, phi) {
+             ring.push([lambda, phi]);
+             ringSink.point(lambda, phi);
+           }
 
+           function ringStart() {
+             ringSink.lineStart();
+             ring = [];
+           }
 
-           center: function() {
-               return [(this[0][0] + this[1][0]) / 2, (this[0][1] + this[1][1]) / 2];
-           },
+           function ringEnd() {
+             pointRing(ring[0][0], ring[0][1]);
+             ringSink.lineEnd();
+             var clean = ringSink.clean(),
+                 ringSegments = ringBuffer.result(),
+                 i,
+                 n = ringSegments.length,
+                 m,
+                 segment,
+                 point;
+             ring.pop();
+             polygon.push(ring);
+             ring = null;
+             if (!n) return; // No intersections.
 
+             if (clean & 1) {
+               segment = ringSegments[0];
 
-           rectangle: function() {
-               return [this[0][0], this[0][1], this[1][0], this[1][1]];
-           },
+               if ((m = segment.length - 1) > 0) {
+                 if (!polygonStarted) sink.polygonStart(), polygonStarted = true;
+                 sink.lineStart();
 
+                 for (i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
+                   sink.point((point = segment[i])[0], point[1]);
+                 }
 
-           bbox: function() {
-               return { minX: this[0][0], minY: this[0][1], maxX: this[1][0], maxY: this[1][1] };
-           },
+                 sink.lineEnd();
+               }
 
+               return;
+             } // Rejoin connected segments.
+             // TODO reuse ringBuffer.rejoin()?
 
-           polygon: function() {
-               return [
-                   [this[0][0], this[0][1]],
-                   [this[0][0], this[1][1]],
-                   [this[1][0], this[1][1]],
-                   [this[1][0], this[0][1]],
-                   [this[0][0], this[0][1]]
-               ];
-           },
 
+             if (n > 1 && clean & 2) ringSegments.push(ringSegments.pop().concat(ringSegments.shift()));
+             segments.push(ringSegments.filter(validSegment));
+           }
 
-           contains: function(obj) {
-               if (!(obj instanceof geoExtent)) obj = new geoExtent(obj);
-               return obj[0][0] >= this[0][0] &&
-                      obj[0][1] >= this[0][1] &&
-                      obj[1][0] <= this[1][0] &&
-                      obj[1][1] <= this[1][1];
-           },
+           return clip;
+         };
+       }
 
+       function validSegment(segment) {
+         return segment.length > 1;
+       } // Intersections are sorted along the clip edge. For both antimeridian cutting
+       // and circle clipping, the same comparison is used.
 
-           intersects: function(obj) {
-               if (!(obj instanceof geoExtent)) obj = new geoExtent(obj);
-               return obj[0][0] <= this[1][0] &&
-                      obj[0][1] <= this[1][1] &&
-                      obj[1][0] >= this[0][0] &&
-                      obj[1][1] >= this[0][1];
-           },
 
+       function compareIntersection(a, b) {
+         return ((a = a.x)[0] < 0 ? a[1] - halfPi - epsilon$1 : halfPi - a[1]) - ((b = b.x)[0] < 0 ? b[1] - halfPi - epsilon$1 : halfPi - b[1]);
+       }
 
-           intersection: function(obj) {
-               if (!this.intersects(obj)) return new geoExtent();
-               return new geoExtent(
-                   [Math.max(obj[0][0], this[0][0]), Math.max(obj[0][1], this[0][1])],
-                   [Math.min(obj[1][0], this[1][0]), Math.min(obj[1][1], this[1][1])]
-               );
-           },
+       var clipAntimeridian = clip(function () {
+         return true;
+       }, clipAntimeridianLine, clipAntimeridianInterpolate, [-pi, -halfPi]); // Takes a line and cuts into visible segments. Return values: 0 - there were
+       // intersections or the line was empty; 1 - no intersections; 2 - there were
+       // intersections, and the first and last segments should be rejoined.
 
+       function clipAntimeridianLine(stream) {
+         var lambda0 = NaN,
+             phi0 = NaN,
+             sign0 = NaN,
+             _clean; // no intersections
 
-           percentContainedIn: function(obj) {
-               if (!(obj instanceof geoExtent)) obj = new geoExtent(obj);
-               var a1 = this.intersection(obj).area();
-               var a2 = this.area();
 
-               if (a1 === Infinity || a2 === Infinity) {
-                   return 0;
-               } else if (a1 === 0 || a2 === 0) {
-                   if (obj.contains(this)) {
-                       return 1;
-                   }
-                   return 0;
-               } else {
-                   return a1 / a2;
-               }
+         return {
+           lineStart: function lineStart() {
+             stream.lineStart();
+             _clean = 1;
            },
+           point: function point(lambda1, phi1) {
+             var sign1 = lambda1 > 0 ? pi : -pi,
+                 delta = abs$2(lambda1 - lambda0);
 
+             if (abs$2(delta - pi) < epsilon$1) {
+               // line crosses a pole
+               stream.point(lambda0, phi0 = (phi0 + phi1) / 2 > 0 ? halfPi : -halfPi);
+               stream.point(sign0, phi0);
+               stream.lineEnd();
+               stream.lineStart();
+               stream.point(sign1, phi0);
+               stream.point(lambda1, phi0);
+               _clean = 0;
+             } else if (sign0 !== sign1 && delta >= pi) {
+               // line crosses antimeridian
+               if (abs$2(lambda0 - sign0) < epsilon$1) lambda0 -= sign0 * epsilon$1; // handle degeneracies
 
-           padByMeters: function(meters) {
-               var dLat = geoMetersToLat(meters);
-               var dLon = geoMetersToLon(meters, this.center()[1]);
-               return geoExtent(
-                   [this[0][0] - dLon, this[0][1] - dLat],
-                   [this[1][0] + dLon, this[1][1] + dLat]
-               );
-           },
-
+               if (abs$2(lambda1 - sign1) < epsilon$1) lambda1 -= sign1 * epsilon$1;
+               phi0 = clipAntimeridianIntersect(lambda0, phi0, lambda1, phi1);
+               stream.point(sign0, phi0);
+               stream.lineEnd();
+               stream.lineStart();
+               stream.point(sign1, phi0);
+               _clean = 0;
+             }
 
-           toParam: function() {
-               return this.rectangle().join(',');
+             stream.point(lambda0 = lambda1, phi0 = phi1);
+             sign0 = sign1;
+           },
+           lineEnd: function lineEnd() {
+             stream.lineEnd();
+             lambda0 = phi0 = NaN;
+           },
+           clean: function clean() {
+             return 2 - _clean; // if intersections, rejoin first and last segments
            }
+         };
+       }
 
-       });
+       function clipAntimeridianIntersect(lambda0, phi0, lambda1, phi1) {
+         var cosPhi0,
+             cosPhi1,
+             sinLambda0Lambda1 = sin(lambda0 - lambda1);
+         return abs$2(sinLambda0Lambda1) > epsilon$1 ? atan((sin(phi0) * (cosPhi1 = cos(phi1)) * sin(lambda1) - sin(phi1) * (cosPhi0 = cos(phi0)) * sin(lambda0)) / (cosPhi0 * cosPhi1 * sinLambda0Lambda1)) : (phi0 + phi1) / 2;
+       }
 
-       function d3_polygonArea(polygon) {
-         var i = -1,
-             n = polygon.length,
-             a,
-             b = polygon[n - 1],
-             area = 0;
+       function clipAntimeridianInterpolate(from, to, direction, stream) {
+         var phi;
 
-         while (++i < n) {
-           a = b;
-           b = polygon[i];
-           area += a[1] * b[0] - a[0] * b[1];
+         if (from == null) {
+           phi = direction * halfPi;
+           stream.point(-pi, phi);
+           stream.point(0, phi);
+           stream.point(pi, phi);
+           stream.point(pi, 0);
+           stream.point(pi, -phi);
+           stream.point(0, -phi);
+           stream.point(-pi, -phi);
+           stream.point(-pi, 0);
+           stream.point(-pi, phi);
+         } else if (abs$2(from[0] - to[0]) > epsilon$1) {
+           var lambda = from[0] < to[0] ? pi : -pi;
+           phi = direction * lambda / 2;
+           stream.point(-lambda, phi);
+           stream.point(0, phi);
+           stream.point(lambda, phi);
+         } else {
+           stream.point(to[0], to[1]);
          }
-
-         return area / 2;
        }
 
-       function d3_polygonCentroid(polygon) {
-         var i = -1,
-             n = polygon.length,
-             x = 0,
-             y = 0,
-             a,
-             b = polygon[n - 1],
-             c,
-             k = 0;
+       function clipCircle (radius) {
+         var cr = cos(radius),
+             delta = 6 * radians,
+             smallRadius = cr > 0,
+             notHemisphere = abs$2(cr) > epsilon$1; // TODO optimise for this common case
 
-         while (++i < n) {
-           a = b;
-           b = polygon[i];
-           k += c = a[0] * b[1] - b[0] * a[1];
-           x += (a[0] + b[0]) * c;
-           y += (a[1] + b[1]) * c;
+         function interpolate(from, to, direction, stream) {
+           circleStream(stream, radius, delta, direction, from, to);
          }
 
-         return k *= 3, [x / k, y / k];
-       }
-
-       // Returns the 2D cross product of AB and AC vectors, i.e., the z-component of
-       // the 3D cross product in a quadrant I Cartesian coordinate system (+x is
-       // right, +y is up). Returns a positive value if ABC is counter-clockwise,
-       // negative if clockwise, and zero if the points are collinear.
-       function cross(a, b, c) {
-         return (b[0] - a[0]) * (c[1] - a[1]) - (b[1] - a[1]) * (c[0] - a[0]);
-       }
-
-       function lexicographicOrder(a, b) {
-         return a[0] - b[0] || a[1] - b[1];
-       }
+         function visible(lambda, phi) {
+           return cos(lambda) * cos(phi) > cr;
+         } // Takes a line and cuts into visible segments. Return values used for polygon
+         // clipping: 0 - there were intersections or the line was empty; 1 - no
+         // intersections 2 - there were intersections, and the first and last segments
+         // should be rejoined.
 
-       // Computes the upper convex hull per the monotone chain algorithm.
-       // Assumes points.length >= 3, is sorted by x, unique in y.
-       // Returns an array of indices into points in left-to-right order.
-       function computeUpperHullIndexes(points) {
-         var n = points.length,
-             indexes = [0, 1],
-             size = 2;
 
-         for (var i = 2; i < n; ++i) {
-           while (size > 1 && cross(points[indexes[size - 2]], points[indexes[size - 1]], points[i]) <= 0) --size;
-           indexes[size++] = i;
-         }
+         function clipLine(stream) {
+           var point0, // previous point
+           c0, // code for previous point
+           v0, // visibility of previous point
+           v00, // visibility of first point
+           _clean; // no intersections
 
-         return indexes.slice(0, size); // remove popped points
-       }
 
-       function d3_polygonHull(points) {
-         if ((n = points.length) < 3) return null;
+           return {
+             lineStart: function lineStart() {
+               v00 = v0 = false;
+               _clean = 1;
+             },
+             point: function point(lambda, phi) {
+               var point1 = [lambda, phi],
+                   point2,
+                   v = visible(lambda, phi),
+                   c = smallRadius ? v ? 0 : code(lambda, phi) : v ? code(lambda + (lambda < 0 ? pi : -pi), phi) : 0;
+               if (!point0 && (v00 = v0 = v)) stream.lineStart();
 
-         var i,
-             n,
-             sortedPoints = new Array(n),
-             flippedPoints = new Array(n);
+               if (v !== v0) {
+                 point2 = intersect(point0, point1);
+                 if (!point2 || pointEqual(point0, point2) || pointEqual(point1, point2)) point1[2] = 1;
+               }
 
-         for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) sortedPoints[i] = [+points[i][0], +points[i][1], i];
-         sortedPoints.sort(lexicographicOrder);
-         for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) flippedPoints[i] = [sortedPoints[i][0], -sortedPoints[i][1]];
+               if (v !== v0) {
+                 _clean = 0;
 
-         var upperIndexes = computeUpperHullIndexes(sortedPoints),
-             lowerIndexes = computeUpperHullIndexes(flippedPoints);
+                 if (v) {
+                   // outside going in
+                   stream.lineStart();
+                   point2 = intersect(point1, point0);
+                   stream.point(point2[0], point2[1]);
+                 } else {
+                   // inside going out
+                   point2 = intersect(point0, point1);
+                   stream.point(point2[0], point2[1], 2);
+                   stream.lineEnd();
+                 }
 
-         // Construct the hull polygon, removing possible duplicate endpoints.
-         var skipLeft = lowerIndexes[0] === upperIndexes[0],
-             skipRight = lowerIndexes[lowerIndexes.length - 1] === upperIndexes[upperIndexes.length - 1],
-             hull = [];
+                 point0 = point2;
+               } else if (notHemisphere && point0 && smallRadius ^ v) {
+                 var t; // If the codes for two points are different, or are both zero,
+                 // and there this segment intersects with the small circle.
 
-         // Add upper hull in right-to-l order.
-         // Then add lower hull in left-to-right order.
-         for (i = upperIndexes.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) hull.push(points[sortedPoints[upperIndexes[i]][2]]);
-         for (i = +skipLeft; i < lowerIndexes.length - skipRight; ++i) hull.push(points[sortedPoints[lowerIndexes[i]][2]]);
+                 if (!(c & c0) && (t = intersect(point1, point0, true))) {
+                   _clean = 0;
 
-         return hull;
-       }
+                   if (smallRadius) {
+                     stream.lineStart();
+                     stream.point(t[0][0], t[0][1]);
+                     stream.point(t[1][0], t[1][1]);
+                     stream.lineEnd();
+                   } else {
+                     stream.point(t[1][0], t[1][1]);
+                     stream.lineEnd();
+                     stream.lineStart();
+                     stream.point(t[0][0], t[0][1], 3);
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
 
-       // vector equals
-       function geoVecEqual(a, b, epsilon) {
-           if (epsilon) {
-               return (Math.abs(a[0] - b[0]) <= epsilon) && (Math.abs(a[1] - b[1]) <= epsilon);
-           } else {
-               return (a[0] === b[0]) && (a[1] === b[1]);
-           }
-       }
+               if (v && (!point0 || !pointEqual(point0, point1))) {
+                 stream.point(point1[0], point1[1]);
+               }
 
-       // vector addition
-       function geoVecAdd(a, b) {
-           return [ a[0] + b[0], a[1] + b[1] ];
-       }
+               point0 = point1, v0 = v, c0 = c;
+             },
+             lineEnd: function lineEnd() {
+               if (v0) stream.lineEnd();
+               point0 = null;
+             },
+             // Rejoin first and last segments if there were intersections and the first
+             // and last points were visible.
+             clean: function clean() {
+               return _clean | (v00 && v0) << 1;
+             }
+           };
+         } // Intersects the great circle between a and b with the clip circle.
 
-       // vector subtraction
-       function geoVecSubtract(a, b) {
-           return [ a[0] - b[0], a[1] - b[1] ];
-       }
 
-       // vector scaling
-       function geoVecScale(a, mag) {
-           return [ a[0] * mag, a[1] * mag ];
-       }
+         function intersect(a, b, two) {
+           var pa = cartesian(a),
+               pb = cartesian(b); // We have two planes, n1.p = d1 and n2.p = d2.
+           // Find intersection line p(t) = c1 n1 + c2 n2 + t (n1 ⨯ n2).
 
-       // vector rounding (was: geoRoundCoordinates)
-       function geoVecFloor(a) {
-           return [ Math.floor(a[0]), Math.floor(a[1]) ];
-       }
+           var n1 = [1, 0, 0],
+               // normal
+           n2 = cartesianCross(pa, pb),
+               n2n2 = cartesianDot(n2, n2),
+               n1n2 = n2[0],
+               // cartesianDot(n1, n2),
+           determinant = n2n2 - n1n2 * n1n2; // Two polar points.
 
-       // linear interpolation
-       function geoVecInterp(a, b, t) {
-           return [
-               a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * t,
-               a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * t
-           ];
-       }
+           if (!determinant) return !two && a;
+           var c1 = cr * n2n2 / determinant,
+               c2 = -cr * n1n2 / determinant,
+               n1xn2 = cartesianCross(n1, n2),
+               A = cartesianScale(n1, c1),
+               B = cartesianScale(n2, c2);
+           cartesianAddInPlace(A, B); // Solve |p(t)|^2 = 1.
 
-       // http://jsperf.com/id-dist-optimization
-       function geoVecLength(a, b) {
-           return Math.sqrt(geoVecLengthSquare(a,b));
-       }
+           var u = n1xn2,
+               w = cartesianDot(A, u),
+               uu = cartesianDot(u, u),
+               t2 = w * w - uu * (cartesianDot(A, A) - 1);
+           if (t2 < 0) return;
+           var t = sqrt(t2),
+               q = cartesianScale(u, (-w - t) / uu);
+           cartesianAddInPlace(q, A);
+           q = spherical(q);
+           if (!two) return q; // Two intersection points.
 
-       // length of vector raised to the power two
-       function geoVecLengthSquare(a, b) {
-           b = b || [0, 0];
-           var x = a[0] - b[0];
-           var y = a[1] - b[1];
-           return (x * x) + (y * y);
-       }
+           var lambda0 = a[0],
+               lambda1 = b[0],
+               phi0 = a[1],
+               phi1 = b[1],
+               z;
+           if (lambda1 < lambda0) z = lambda0, lambda0 = lambda1, lambda1 = z;
+           var delta = lambda1 - lambda0,
+               polar = abs$2(delta - pi) < epsilon$1,
+               meridian = polar || delta < epsilon$1;
+           if (!polar && phi1 < phi0) z = phi0, phi0 = phi1, phi1 = z; // Check that the first point is between a and b.
 
-       // get a unit vector
-       function geoVecNormalize(a) {
-           var length = Math.sqrt((a[0] * a[0]) + (a[1] * a[1]));
-           if (length !== 0) {
-               return geoVecScale(a, 1 / length);
+           if (meridian ? polar ? phi0 + phi1 > 0 ^ q[1] < (abs$2(q[0] - lambda0) < epsilon$1 ? phi0 : phi1) : phi0 <= q[1] && q[1] <= phi1 : delta > pi ^ (lambda0 <= q[0] && q[0] <= lambda1)) {
+             var q1 = cartesianScale(u, (-w + t) / uu);
+             cartesianAddInPlace(q1, A);
+             return [q, spherical(q1)];
            }
-           return [0, 0];
-       }
+         } // Generates a 4-bit vector representing the location of a point relative to
+         // the small circle's bounding box.
 
-       // Return the counterclockwise angle in the range (-pi, pi)
-       // between the positive X axis and the line intersecting a and b.
-       function geoVecAngle(a, b) {
-           return Math.atan2(b[1] - a[1], b[0] - a[0]);
-       }
 
-       // dot product
-       function geoVecDot(a, b, origin) {
-           origin = origin || [0, 0];
-           var p = geoVecSubtract(a, origin);
-           var q = geoVecSubtract(b, origin);
-           return (p[0]) * (q[0]) + (p[1]) * (q[1]);
-       }
+         function code(lambda, phi) {
+           var r = smallRadius ? radius : pi - radius,
+               code = 0;
+           if (lambda < -r) code |= 1; // left
+           else if (lambda > r) code |= 2; // right
 
-       // normalized dot product
-       function geoVecNormalizedDot(a, b, origin) {
-           origin = origin || [0, 0];
-           var p = geoVecNormalize(geoVecSubtract(a, origin));
-           var q = geoVecNormalize(geoVecSubtract(b, origin));
-           return geoVecDot(p, q);
-       }
+           if (phi < -r) code |= 4; // below
+           else if (phi > r) code |= 8; // above
 
-       // 2D cross product of OA and OB vectors, returns magnitude of Z vector
-       // Returns a positive value, if OAB makes a counter-clockwise turn,
-       // negative for clockwise turn, and zero if the points are collinear.
-       function geoVecCross(a, b, origin) {
-           origin = origin || [0, 0];
-           var p = geoVecSubtract(a, origin);
-           var q = geoVecSubtract(b, origin);
-           return (p[0]) * (q[1]) - (p[1]) * (q[0]);
+           return code;
+         }
+
+         return clip(visible, clipLine, interpolate, smallRadius ? [0, -radius] : [-pi, radius - pi]);
        }
 
+       function clipLine (a, b, x0, y0, x1, y1) {
+         var ax = a[0],
+             ay = a[1],
+             bx = b[0],
+             by = b[1],
+             t0 = 0,
+             t1 = 1,
+             dx = bx - ax,
+             dy = by - ay,
+             r;
+         r = x0 - ax;
+         if (!dx && r > 0) return;
+         r /= dx;
 
-       // find closest orthogonal projection of point onto points array
-       function geoVecProject(a, points) {
-           var min = Infinity;
-           var idx;
-           var target;
-
-           for (var i = 0; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
-               var o = points[i];
-               var s = geoVecSubtract(points[i + 1], o);
-               var v = geoVecSubtract(a, o);
-               var proj = geoVecDot(v, s) / geoVecDot(s, s);
-               var p;
-
-               if (proj < 0) {
-                   p = o;
-               } else if (proj > 1) {
-                   p = points[i + 1];
-               } else {
-                   p = [o[0] + proj * s[0], o[1] + proj * s[1]];
-               }
+         if (dx < 0) {
+           if (r < t0) return;
+           if (r < t1) t1 = r;
+         } else if (dx > 0) {
+           if (r > t1) return;
+           if (r > t0) t0 = r;
+         }
 
-               var dist = geoVecLength(p, a);
-               if (dist < min) {
-                   min = dist;
-                   idx = i + 1;
-                   target = p;
-               }
-           }
+         r = x1 - ax;
+         if (!dx && r < 0) return;
+         r /= dx;
 
-           if (idx !== undefined) {
-               return { index: idx, distance: min, target: target };
-           } else {
-               return null;
-           }
-       }
+         if (dx < 0) {
+           if (r > t1) return;
+           if (r > t0) t0 = r;
+         } else if (dx > 0) {
+           if (r < t0) return;
+           if (r < t1) t1 = r;
+         }
 
-       // Return the counterclockwise angle in the range (-pi, pi)
-       // between the positive X axis and the line intersecting a and b.
-       function geoAngle(a, b, projection) {
-           return geoVecAngle(projection(a.loc), projection(b.loc));
-       }
+         r = y0 - ay;
+         if (!dy && r > 0) return;
+         r /= dy;
 
+         if (dy < 0) {
+           if (r < t0) return;
+           if (r < t1) t1 = r;
+         } else if (dy > 0) {
+           if (r > t1) return;
+           if (r > t0) t0 = r;
+         }
 
-       function geoEdgeEqual(a, b) {
-           return (a[0] === b[0] && a[1] === b[1]) ||
-               (a[0] === b[1] && a[1] === b[0]);
-       }
+         r = y1 - ay;
+         if (!dy && r < 0) return;
+         r /= dy;
 
+         if (dy < 0) {
+           if (r > t1) return;
+           if (r > t0) t0 = r;
+         } else if (dy > 0) {
+           if (r < t0) return;
+           if (r < t1) t1 = r;
+         }
 
-       // Rotate all points counterclockwise around a pivot point by given angle
-       function geoRotate(points, angle, around) {
-           return points.map(function(point) {
-               var radial = geoVecSubtract(point, around);
-               return [
-                   radial[0] * Math.cos(angle) - radial[1] * Math.sin(angle) + around[0],
-                   radial[0] * Math.sin(angle) + radial[1] * Math.cos(angle) + around[1]
-               ];
-           });
+         if (t0 > 0) a[0] = ax + t0 * dx, a[1] = ay + t0 * dy;
+         if (t1 < 1) b[0] = ax + t1 * dx, b[1] = ay + t1 * dy;
+         return true;
        }
 
+       var clipMax = 1e9,
+           clipMin = -clipMax; // TODO Use d3-polygon’s polygonContains here for the ring check?
+       // TODO Eliminate duplicate buffering in clipBuffer and polygon.push?
 
-       // Choose the edge with the minimal distance from `point` to its orthogonal
-       // projection onto that edge, if such a projection exists, or the distance to
-       // the closest vertex on that edge. Returns an object with the `index` of the
-       // chosen edge, the chosen `loc` on that edge, and the `distance` to to it.
-       function geoChooseEdge(nodes, point, projection, activeID) {
-           var dist = geoVecLength;
-           var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
-           var ids = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.id; });
-           var min = Infinity;
-           var idx;
-           var loc;
-
-           for (var i = 0; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
-               if (ids[i] === activeID || ids[i + 1] === activeID) continue;
-
-               var o = points[i];
-               var s = geoVecSubtract(points[i + 1], o);
-               var v = geoVecSubtract(point, o);
-               var proj = geoVecDot(v, s) / geoVecDot(s, s);
-               var p;
-
-               if (proj < 0) {
-                   p = o;
-               } else if (proj > 1) {
-                   p = points[i + 1];
-               } else {
-                   p = [o[0] + proj * s[0], o[1] + proj * s[1]];
-               }
+       function clipRectangle(x0, y0, x1, y1) {
+         function visible(x, y) {
+           return x0 <= x && x <= x1 && y0 <= y && y <= y1;
+         }
 
-               var d = dist(p, point);
-               if (d < min) {
-                   min = d;
-                   idx = i + 1;
-                   loc = projection.invert(p);
-               }
-           }
+         function interpolate(from, to, direction, stream) {
+           var a = 0,
+               a1 = 0;
 
-           if (idx !== undefined) {
-               return { index: idx, distance: min, loc: loc };
+           if (from == null || (a = corner(from, direction)) !== (a1 = corner(to, direction)) || comparePoint(from, to) < 0 ^ direction > 0) {
+             do {
+               stream.point(a === 0 || a === 3 ? x0 : x1, a > 1 ? y1 : y0);
+             } while ((a = (a + direction + 4) % 4) !== a1);
            } else {
-               return null;
+             stream.point(to[0], to[1]);
            }
-       }
+         }
 
+         function corner(p, direction) {
+           return abs$2(p[0] - x0) < epsilon$1 ? direction > 0 ? 0 : 3 : abs$2(p[0] - x1) < epsilon$1 ? direction > 0 ? 2 : 1 : abs$2(p[1] - y0) < epsilon$1 ? direction > 0 ? 1 : 0 : direction > 0 ? 3 : 2; // abs(p[1] - y1) < epsilon
+         }
 
-       // Test active (dragged or drawing) segments against inactive segments
-       // This is used to test e.g. multipolygon rings that cross
-       // `activeNodes` is the ring containing the activeID being dragged.
-       // `inactiveNodes` is the other ring to test against
-       function geoHasLineIntersections(activeNodes, inactiveNodes, activeID) {
-           var actives = [];
-           var inactives = [];
-           var j, k, n1, n2, segment;
-
-           // gather active segments (only segments in activeNodes that contain the activeID)
-           for (j = 0; j < activeNodes.length - 1; j++) {
-               n1 = activeNodes[j];
-               n2 = activeNodes[j+1];
-               segment = [n1.loc, n2.loc];
-               if (n1.id === activeID || n2.id === activeID) {
-                   actives.push(segment);
-               }
-           }
-
-           // gather inactive segments
-           for (j = 0; j < inactiveNodes.length - 1; j++) {
-               n1 = inactiveNodes[j];
-               n2 = inactiveNodes[j+1];
-               segment = [n1.loc, n2.loc];
-               inactives.push(segment);
-           }
-
-           // test
-           for (j = 0; j < actives.length; j++) {
-               for (k = 0; k < inactives.length; k++) {
-                   var p = actives[j];
-                   var q = inactives[k];
-                   var hit = geoLineIntersection(p, q);
-                   if (hit) {
-                       return true;
-                   }
-               }
-           }
+         function compareIntersection(a, b) {
+           return comparePoint(a.x, b.x);
+         }
 
-           return false;
-       }
+         function comparePoint(a, b) {
+           var ca = corner(a, 1),
+               cb = corner(b, 1);
+           return ca !== cb ? ca - cb : ca === 0 ? b[1] - a[1] : ca === 1 ? a[0] - b[0] : ca === 2 ? a[1] - b[1] : b[0] - a[0];
+         }
 
+         return function (stream) {
+           var activeStream = stream,
+               bufferStream = clipBuffer(),
+               segments,
+               polygon,
+               ring,
+               x__,
+               y__,
+               v__,
+               // first point
+           x_,
+               y_,
+               v_,
+               // previous point
+           first,
+               clean;
+           var clipStream = {
+             point: point,
+             lineStart: lineStart,
+             lineEnd: lineEnd,
+             polygonStart: polygonStart,
+             polygonEnd: polygonEnd
+           };
 
-       // Test active (dragged or drawing) segments against inactive segments
-       // This is used to test whether a way intersects with itself.
-       function geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, activeID) {
-           var actives = [];
-           var inactives = [];
-           var j, k;
-
-           // group active and passive segments along the nodes
-           for (j = 0; j < nodes.length - 1; j++) {
-               var n1 = nodes[j];
-               var n2 = nodes[j+1];
-               var segment = [n1.loc, n2.loc];
-               if (n1.id === activeID || n2.id === activeID) {
-                   actives.push(segment);
-               } else {
-                   inactives.push(segment);
-               }
+           function point(x, y) {
+             if (visible(x, y)) activeStream.point(x, y);
            }
 
-           // test
-           for (j = 0; j < actives.length; j++) {
-               for (k = 0; k < inactives.length; k++) {
-                   var p = actives[j];
-                   var q = inactives[k];
-                   // skip if segments share an endpoint
-                   if (geoVecEqual(p[1], q[0]) || geoVecEqual(p[0], q[1]) ||
-                       geoVecEqual(p[0], q[0]) || geoVecEqual(p[1], q[1]) ) {
-                       continue;
-                   }
-
-                   var hit = geoLineIntersection(p, q);
-                   if (hit) {
-                       var epsilon = 1e-8;
-                       // skip if the hit is at the segment's endpoint
-                       if (geoVecEqual(p[1], hit, epsilon) || geoVecEqual(p[0], hit, epsilon) ||
-                           geoVecEqual(q[1], hit, epsilon) || geoVecEqual(q[0], hit, epsilon) ) {
-                           continue;
-                       } else {
-                           return true;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
-           }
+           function polygonInside() {
+             var winding = 0;
 
-           return false;
-       }
+             for (var i = 0, n = polygon.length; i < n; ++i) {
+               for (var ring = polygon[i], j = 1, m = ring.length, point = ring[0], a0, a1, b0 = point[0], b1 = point[1]; j < m; ++j) {
+                 a0 = b0, a1 = b1, point = ring[j], b0 = point[0], b1 = point[1];
 
+                 if (a1 <= y1) {
+                   if (b1 > y1 && (b0 - a0) * (y1 - a1) > (b1 - a1) * (x0 - a0)) ++winding;
+                 } else {
+                   if (b1 <= y1 && (b0 - a0) * (y1 - a1) < (b1 - a1) * (x0 - a0)) --winding;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-       // Return the intersection point of 2 line segments.
-       // From https://github.com/pgkelley4/line-segments-intersect
-       // This uses the vector cross product approach described below:
-       //  http://stackoverflow.com/a/565282/786339
-       function geoLineIntersection(a, b) {
-           var p = [a[0][0], a[0][1]];
-           var p2 = [a[1][0], a[1][1]];
-           var q = [b[0][0], b[0][1]];
-           var q2 = [b[1][0], b[1][1]];
-           var r = geoVecSubtract(p2, p);
-           var s = geoVecSubtract(q2, q);
-           var uNumerator = geoVecCross(geoVecSubtract(q, p), r);
-           var denominator = geoVecCross(r, s);
+             return winding;
+           } // Buffer geometry within a polygon and then clip it en masse.
 
-           if (uNumerator && denominator) {
-               var u = uNumerator / denominator;
-               var t = geoVecCross(geoVecSubtract(q, p), s) / denominator;
 
-               if ((t >= 0) && (t <= 1) && (u >= 0) && (u <= 1)) {
-                   return geoVecInterp(p, p2, t);
-               }
+           function polygonStart() {
+             activeStream = bufferStream, segments = [], polygon = [], clean = true;
            }
 
-           return null;
-       }
+           function polygonEnd() {
+             var startInside = polygonInside(),
+                 cleanInside = clean && startInside,
+                 visible = (segments = merge$4(segments)).length;
 
+             if (cleanInside || visible) {
+               stream.polygonStart();
 
-       function geoPathIntersections(path1, path2) {
-           var intersections = [];
-           for (var i = 0; i < path1.length - 1; i++) {
-               for (var j = 0; j < path2.length - 1; j++) {
-                   var a = [ path1[i], path1[i+1] ];
-                   var b = [ path2[j], path2[j+1] ];
-                   var hit = geoLineIntersection(a, b);
-                   if (hit) {
-                       intersections.push(hit);
-                   }
+               if (cleanInside) {
+                 stream.lineStart();
+                 interpolate(null, null, 1, stream);
+                 stream.lineEnd();
                }
-           }
-           return intersections;
-       }
 
-       function geoPathHasIntersections(path1, path2) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < path1.length - 1; i++) {
-               for (var j = 0; j < path2.length - 1; j++) {
-                   var a = [ path1[i], path1[i+1] ];
-                   var b = [ path2[j], path2[j+1] ];
-                   var hit = geoLineIntersection(a, b);
-                   if (hit) {
-                       return true;
-                   }
+               if (visible) {
+                 clipRejoin(segments, compareIntersection, startInside, interpolate, stream);
                }
+
+               stream.polygonEnd();
+             }
+
+             activeStream = stream, segments = polygon = ring = null;
            }
-           return false;
-       }
 
+           function lineStart() {
+             clipStream.point = linePoint;
+             if (polygon) polygon.push(ring = []);
+             first = true;
+             v_ = false;
+             x_ = y_ = NaN;
+           } // TODO rather than special-case polygons, simply handle them separately.
+           // Ideally, coincident intersection points should be jittered to avoid
+           // clipping issues.
 
-       // Return whether point is contained in polygon.
-       //
-       // `point` should be a 2-item array of coordinates.
-       // `polygon` should be an array of 2-item arrays of coordinates.
-       //
-       // From https://github.com/substack/point-in-polygon.
-       // ray-casting algorithm based on
-       // http://www.ecse.rpi.edu/Homepages/wrf/Research/Short_Notes/pnpoly.html
-       //
-       function geoPointInPolygon(point, polygon) {
-           var x = point[0];
-           var y = point[1];
-           var inside = false;
 
-           for (var i = 0, j = polygon.length - 1; i < polygon.length; j = i++) {
-               var xi = polygon[i][0];
-               var yi = polygon[i][1];
-               var xj = polygon[j][0];
-               var yj = polygon[j][1];
+           function lineEnd() {
+             if (segments) {
+               linePoint(x__, y__);
+               if (v__ && v_) bufferStream.rejoin();
+               segments.push(bufferStream.result());
+             }
 
-               var intersect = ((yi > y) !== (yj > y)) &&
-                   (x < (xj - xi) * (y - yi) / (yj - yi) + xi);
-               if (intersect) inside = !inside;
+             clipStream.point = point;
+             if (v_) activeStream.lineEnd();
            }
 
-           return inside;
-       }
+           function linePoint(x, y) {
+             var v = visible(x, y);
+             if (polygon) ring.push([x, y]);
 
+             if (first) {
+               x__ = x, y__ = y, v__ = v;
+               first = false;
 
-       function geoPolygonContainsPolygon(outer, inner) {
-           return inner.every(function(point) {
-               return geoPointInPolygon(point, outer);
-           });
-       }
+               if (v) {
+                 activeStream.lineStart();
+                 activeStream.point(x, y);
+               }
+             } else {
+               if (v && v_) activeStream.point(x, y);else {
+                 var a = [x_ = Math.max(clipMin, Math.min(clipMax, x_)), y_ = Math.max(clipMin, Math.min(clipMax, y_))],
+                     b = [x = Math.max(clipMin, Math.min(clipMax, x)), y = Math.max(clipMin, Math.min(clipMax, y))];
 
+                 if (clipLine(a, b, x0, y0, x1, y1)) {
+                   if (!v_) {
+                     activeStream.lineStart();
+                     activeStream.point(a[0], a[1]);
+                   }
 
-       function geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(outer, inner, checkSegments) {
-           function testPoints(outer, inner) {
-               return inner.some(function(point) {
-                   return geoPointInPolygon(point, outer);
-               });
+                   activeStream.point(b[0], b[1]);
+                   if (!v) activeStream.lineEnd();
+                   clean = false;
+                 } else if (v) {
+                   activeStream.lineStart();
+                   activeStream.point(x, y);
+                   clean = false;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+
+             x_ = x, y_ = y, v_ = v;
            }
 
-          return testPoints(outer, inner) || (!!checkSegments && geoPathHasIntersections(outer, inner));
+           return clipStream;
+         };
        }
 
+       var lengthSum$1, lambda0, sinPhi0, cosPhi0;
+       var lengthStream$1 = {
+         sphere: noop$1,
+         point: noop$1,
+         lineStart: lengthLineStart,
+         lineEnd: noop$1,
+         polygonStart: noop$1,
+         polygonEnd: noop$1
+       };
 
-       // http://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/22895/finding-minimum-area-rectangle-for-given-points
-       // http://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/3739/generalisation-strategies-for-building-outlines/3756#3756
-       function geoGetSmallestSurroundingRectangle(points) {
-           var hull = d3_polygonHull(points);
-           var centroid = d3_polygonCentroid(hull);
-           var minArea = Infinity;
-           var ssrExtent = [];
-           var ssrAngle = 0;
-           var c1 = hull[0];
-
-           for (var i = 0; i <= hull.length - 1; i++) {
-               var c2 = (i === hull.length - 1) ? hull[0] : hull[i + 1];
-               var angle = Math.atan2(c2[1] - c1[1], c2[0] - c1[0]);
-               var poly = geoRotate(hull, -angle, centroid);
-               var extent = poly.reduce(function(extent, point) {
-                   return extent.extend(geoExtent(point));
-               }, geoExtent());
-
-               var area = extent.area();
-               if (area < minArea) {
-                   minArea = area;
-                   ssrExtent = extent;
-                   ssrAngle = angle;
-               }
-               c1 = c2;
-           }
-
-           return {
-               poly: geoRotate(ssrExtent.polygon(), ssrAngle, centroid),
-               angle: ssrAngle
-           };
+       function lengthLineStart() {
+         lengthStream$1.point = lengthPointFirst$1;
+         lengthStream$1.lineEnd = lengthLineEnd;
        }
 
+       function lengthLineEnd() {
+         lengthStream$1.point = lengthStream$1.lineEnd = noop$1;
+       }
 
-       function geoPathLength(path) {
-           var length = 0;
-           for (var i = 0; i < path.length - 1; i++) {
-               length += geoVecLength(path[i], path[i + 1]);
-           }
-           return length;
+       function lengthPointFirst$1(lambda, phi) {
+         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
+         lambda0 = lambda, sinPhi0 = sin(phi), cosPhi0 = cos(phi);
+         lengthStream$1.point = lengthPoint$1;
        }
 
+       function lengthPoint$1(lambda, phi) {
+         lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
+         var sinPhi = sin(phi),
+             cosPhi = cos(phi),
+             delta = abs$2(lambda - lambda0),
+             cosDelta = cos(delta),
+             sinDelta = sin(delta),
+             x = cosPhi * sinDelta,
+             y = cosPhi0 * sinPhi - sinPhi0 * cosPhi * cosDelta,
+             z = sinPhi0 * sinPhi + cosPhi0 * cosPhi * cosDelta;
+         lengthSum$1.add(atan2(sqrt(x * x + y * y), z));
+         lambda0 = lambda, sinPhi0 = sinPhi, cosPhi0 = cosPhi;
+       }
 
-       // If the given point is at the edge of the padded viewport,
-       // return a vector that will nudge the viewport in that direction
-       function geoViewportEdge(point, dimensions) {
-           var pad = [80, 20, 50, 20];   // top, right, bottom, left
-           var x = 0;
-           var y = 0;
-
-           if (point[0] > dimensions[0] - pad[1])
-               x = -10;
-           if (point[0] < pad[3])
-               x = 10;
-           if (point[1] > dimensions[1] - pad[2])
-               y = -10;
-           if (point[1] < pad[0])
-               y = 10;
-
-           if (x || y) {
-               return [x, y];
-           } else {
-               return null;
-           }
+       function d3_geoLength (object) {
+         lengthSum$1 = new Adder();
+         d3_geoStream(object, lengthStream$1);
+         return +lengthSum$1;
        }
 
-       var noop$3 = {value: function() {}};
+       var identity$4 = (function (x) {
+         return x;
+       });
 
-       function dispatch() {
-         for (var i = 0, n = arguments.length, _ = {}, t; i < n; ++i) {
-           if (!(t = arguments[i] + "") || (t in _) || /[\s.]/.test(t)) throw new Error("illegal type: " + t);
-           _[t] = [];
+       var areaSum = new Adder(),
+           areaRingSum = new Adder(),
+           x00$2,
+           y00$2,
+           x0$3,
+           y0$3;
+       var areaStream = {
+         point: noop$1,
+         lineStart: noop$1,
+         lineEnd: noop$1,
+         polygonStart: function polygonStart() {
+           areaStream.lineStart = areaRingStart;
+           areaStream.lineEnd = areaRingEnd;
+         },
+         polygonEnd: function polygonEnd() {
+           areaStream.lineStart = areaStream.lineEnd = areaStream.point = noop$1;
+           areaSum.add(abs$2(areaRingSum));
+           areaRingSum = new Adder();
+         },
+         result: function result() {
+           var area = areaSum / 2;
+           areaSum = new Adder();
+           return area;
          }
-         return new Dispatch(_);
+       };
+
+       function areaRingStart() {
+         areaStream.point = areaPointFirst;
        }
 
-       function Dispatch(_) {
-         this._ = _;
+       function areaPointFirst(x, y) {
+         areaStream.point = areaPoint;
+         x00$2 = x0$3 = x, y00$2 = y0$3 = y;
        }
 
-       function parseTypenames(typenames, types) {
-         return typenames.trim().split(/^|\s+/).map(function(t) {
-           var name = "", i = t.indexOf(".");
-           if (i >= 0) name = t.slice(i + 1), t = t.slice(0, i);
-           if (t && !types.hasOwnProperty(t)) throw new Error("unknown type: " + t);
-           return {type: t, name: name};
-         });
+       function areaPoint(x, y) {
+         areaRingSum.add(y0$3 * x - x0$3 * y);
+         x0$3 = x, y0$3 = y;
        }
 
-       Dispatch.prototype = dispatch.prototype = {
-         constructor: Dispatch,
-         on: function(typename, callback) {
-           var _ = this._,
-               T = parseTypenames(typename + "", _),
-               t,
-               i = -1,
-               n = T.length;
+       function areaRingEnd() {
+         areaPoint(x00$2, y00$2);
+       }
 
-           // If no callback was specified, return the callback of the given type and name.
-           if (arguments.length < 2) {
-             while (++i < n) if ((t = (typename = T[i]).type) && (t = get$1(_[t], typename.name))) return t;
-             return;
-           }
+       var x0$2 = Infinity,
+           y0$2 = x0$2,
+           x1 = -x0$2,
+           y1 = x1;
+       var boundsStream = {
+         point: boundsPoint,
+         lineStart: noop$1,
+         lineEnd: noop$1,
+         polygonStart: noop$1,
+         polygonEnd: noop$1,
+         result: function result() {
+           var bounds = [[x0$2, y0$2], [x1, y1]];
+           x1 = y1 = -(y0$2 = x0$2 = Infinity);
+           return bounds;
+         }
+       };
 
-           // If a type was specified, set the callback for the given type and name.
-           // Otherwise, if a null callback was specified, remove callbacks of the given name.
-           if (callback != null && typeof callback !== "function") throw new Error("invalid callback: " + callback);
-           while (++i < n) {
-             if (t = (typename = T[i]).type) _[t] = set(_[t], typename.name, callback);
-             else if (callback == null) for (t in _) _[t] = set(_[t], typename.name, null);
-           }
+       function boundsPoint(x, y) {
+         if (x < x0$2) x0$2 = x;
+         if (x > x1) x1 = x;
+         if (y < y0$2) y0$2 = y;
+         if (y > y1) y1 = y;
+       }
 
-           return this;
-         },
-         copy: function() {
-           var copy = {}, _ = this._;
-           for (var t in _) copy[t] = _[t].slice();
-           return new Dispatch(copy);
+       var X0 = 0,
+           Y0 = 0,
+           Z0 = 0,
+           X1 = 0,
+           Y1 = 0,
+           Z1 = 0,
+           X2 = 0,
+           Y2 = 0,
+           Z2 = 0,
+           x00$1,
+           y00$1,
+           x0$1,
+           y0$1;
+       var centroidStream = {
+         point: centroidPoint,
+         lineStart: centroidLineStart,
+         lineEnd: centroidLineEnd,
+         polygonStart: function polygonStart() {
+           centroidStream.lineStart = centroidRingStart;
+           centroidStream.lineEnd = centroidRingEnd;
          },
-         call: function(type, that) {
-           if ((n = arguments.length - 2) > 0) for (var args = new Array(n), i = 0, n, t; i < n; ++i) args[i] = arguments[i + 2];
-           if (!this._.hasOwnProperty(type)) throw new Error("unknown type: " + type);
-           for (t = this._[type], i = 0, n = t.length; i < n; ++i) t[i].value.apply(that, args);
+         polygonEnd: function polygonEnd() {
+           centroidStream.point = centroidPoint;
+           centroidStream.lineStart = centroidLineStart;
+           centroidStream.lineEnd = centroidLineEnd;
          },
-         apply: function(type, that, args) {
-           if (!this._.hasOwnProperty(type)) throw new Error("unknown type: " + type);
-           for (var t = this._[type], i = 0, n = t.length; i < n; ++i) t[i].value.apply(that, args);
+         result: function result() {
+           var centroid = Z2 ? [X2 / Z2, Y2 / Z2] : Z1 ? [X1 / Z1, Y1 / Z1] : Z0 ? [X0 / Z0, Y0 / Z0] : [NaN, NaN];
+           X0 = Y0 = Z0 = X1 = Y1 = Z1 = X2 = Y2 = Z2 = 0;
+           return centroid;
          }
        };
 
-       function get$1(type, name) {
-         for (var i = 0, n = type.length, c; i < n; ++i) {
-           if ((c = type[i]).name === name) {
-             return c.value;
-           }
-         }
+       function centroidPoint(x, y) {
+         X0 += x;
+         Y0 += y;
+         ++Z0;
        }
 
-       function set(type, name, callback) {
-         for (var i = 0, n = type.length; i < n; ++i) {
-           if (type[i].name === name) {
-             type[i] = noop$3, type = type.slice(0, i).concat(type.slice(i + 1));
-             break;
-           }
-         }
-         if (callback != null) type.push({name: name, value: callback});
-         return type;
+       function centroidLineStart() {
+         centroidStream.point = centroidPointFirstLine;
        }
 
-       var xhtml = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml";
-
-       var namespaces = {
-         svg: "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",
-         xhtml: xhtml,
-         xlink: "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink",
-         xml: "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace",
-         xmlns: "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/"
-       };
-
-       function namespace(name) {
-         var prefix = name += "", i = prefix.indexOf(":");
-         if (i >= 0 && (prefix = name.slice(0, i)) !== "xmlns") name = name.slice(i + 1);
-         return namespaces.hasOwnProperty(prefix) ? {space: namespaces[prefix], local: name} : name;
+       function centroidPointFirstLine(x, y) {
+         centroidStream.point = centroidPointLine;
+         centroidPoint(x0$1 = x, y0$1 = y);
        }
 
-       function creatorInherit(name) {
-         return function() {
-           var document = this.ownerDocument,
-               uri = this.namespaceURI;
-           return uri === xhtml && document.documentElement.namespaceURI === xhtml
-               ? document.createElement(name)
-               : document.createElementNS(uri, name);
-         };
+       function centroidPointLine(x, y) {
+         var dx = x - x0$1,
+             dy = y - y0$1,
+             z = sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
+         X1 += z * (x0$1 + x) / 2;
+         Y1 += z * (y0$1 + y) / 2;
+         Z1 += z;
+         centroidPoint(x0$1 = x, y0$1 = y);
        }
 
-       function creatorFixed(fullname) {
-         return function() {
-           return this.ownerDocument.createElementNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
-         };
+       function centroidLineEnd() {
+         centroidStream.point = centroidPoint;
        }
 
-       function creator(name) {
-         var fullname = namespace(name);
-         return (fullname.local
-             ? creatorFixed
-             : creatorInherit)(fullname);
+       function centroidRingStart() {
+         centroidStream.point = centroidPointFirstRing;
        }
 
-       function none() {}
-
-       function selector(selector) {
-         return selector == null ? none : function() {
-           return this.querySelector(selector);
-         };
+       function centroidRingEnd() {
+         centroidPointRing(x00$1, y00$1);
        }
 
-       function selection_select(select) {
-         if (typeof select !== "function") select = selector(select);
-
-         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
-           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, subgroup = subgroups[j] = new Array(n), node, subnode, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-             if ((node = group[i]) && (subnode = select.call(node, node.__data__, i, group))) {
-               if ("__data__" in node) subnode.__data__ = node.__data__;
-               subgroup[i] = subnode;
-             }
-           }
-         }
-
-         return new Selection(subgroups, this._parents);
+       function centroidPointFirstRing(x, y) {
+         centroidStream.point = centroidPointRing;
+         centroidPoint(x00$1 = x0$1 = x, y00$1 = y0$1 = y);
        }
 
-       function empty() {
-         return [];
+       function centroidPointRing(x, y) {
+         var dx = x - x0$1,
+             dy = y - y0$1,
+             z = sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
+         X1 += z * (x0$1 + x) / 2;
+         Y1 += z * (y0$1 + y) / 2;
+         Z1 += z;
+         z = y0$1 * x - x0$1 * y;
+         X2 += z * (x0$1 + x);
+         Y2 += z * (y0$1 + y);
+         Z2 += z * 3;
+         centroidPoint(x0$1 = x, y0$1 = y);
        }
 
-       function selectorAll(selector) {
-         return selector == null ? empty : function() {
-           return this.querySelectorAll(selector);
-         };
+       function PathContext(context) {
+         this._context = context;
        }
+       PathContext.prototype = {
+         _radius: 4.5,
+         pointRadius: function pointRadius(_) {
+           return this._radius = _, this;
+         },
+         polygonStart: function polygonStart() {
+           this._line = 0;
+         },
+         polygonEnd: function polygonEnd() {
+           this._line = NaN;
+         },
+         lineStart: function lineStart() {
+           this._point = 0;
+         },
+         lineEnd: function lineEnd() {
+           if (this._line === 0) this._context.closePath();
+           this._point = NaN;
+         },
+         point: function point(x, y) {
+           switch (this._point) {
+             case 0:
+               {
+                 this._context.moveTo(x, y);
 
-       function selection_selectAll(select) {
-         if (typeof select !== "function") select = selectorAll(select);
+                 this._point = 1;
+                 break;
+               }
 
-         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = [], parents = [], j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
-           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-             if (node = group[i]) {
-               subgroups.push(select.call(node, node.__data__, i, group));
-               parents.push(node);
-             }
-           }
-         }
+             case 1:
+               {
+                 this._context.lineTo(x, y);
 
-         return new Selection(subgroups, parents);
-       }
+                 break;
+               }
 
-       function matcher(selector) {
-         return function() {
-           return this.matches(selector);
-         };
-       }
+             default:
+               {
+                 this._context.moveTo(x + this._radius, y);
 
-       function selection_filter(match) {
-         if (typeof match !== "function") match = matcher(match);
+                 this._context.arc(x, y, this._radius, 0, tau);
 
-         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
-           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, subgroup = subgroups[j] = [], node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-             if ((node = group[i]) && match.call(node, node.__data__, i, group)) {
-               subgroup.push(node);
-             }
+                 break;
+               }
            }
+         },
+         result: noop$1
+       };
+
+       var lengthSum = new Adder(),
+           lengthRing,
+           x00,
+           y00,
+           x0,
+           y0;
+       var lengthStream = {
+         point: noop$1,
+         lineStart: function lineStart() {
+           lengthStream.point = lengthPointFirst;
+         },
+         lineEnd: function lineEnd() {
+           if (lengthRing) lengthPoint(x00, y00);
+           lengthStream.point = noop$1;
+         },
+         polygonStart: function polygonStart() {
+           lengthRing = true;
+         },
+         polygonEnd: function polygonEnd() {
+           lengthRing = null;
+         },
+         result: function result() {
+           var length = +lengthSum;
+           lengthSum = new Adder();
+           return length;
          }
+       };
 
-         return new Selection(subgroups, this._parents);
+       function lengthPointFirst(x, y) {
+         lengthStream.point = lengthPoint;
+         x00 = x0 = x, y00 = y0 = y;
        }
 
-       function sparse(update) {
-         return new Array(update.length);
+       function lengthPoint(x, y) {
+         x0 -= x, y0 -= y;
+         lengthSum.add(sqrt(x0 * x0 + y0 * y0));
+         x0 = x, y0 = y;
        }
 
-       function selection_enter() {
-         return new Selection(this._enter || this._groups.map(sparse), this._parents);
+       function PathString() {
+         this._string = [];
        }
+       PathString.prototype = {
+         _radius: 4.5,
+         _circle: circle(4.5),
+         pointRadius: function pointRadius(_) {
+           if ((_ = +_) !== this._radius) this._radius = _, this._circle = null;
+           return this;
+         },
+         polygonStart: function polygonStart() {
+           this._line = 0;
+         },
+         polygonEnd: function polygonEnd() {
+           this._line = NaN;
+         },
+         lineStart: function lineStart() {
+           this._point = 0;
+         },
+         lineEnd: function lineEnd() {
+           if (this._line === 0) this._string.push("Z");
+           this._point = NaN;
+         },
+         point: function point(x, y) {
+           switch (this._point) {
+             case 0:
+               {
+                 this._string.push("M", x, ",", y);
 
-       function EnterNode(parent, datum) {
-         this.ownerDocument = parent.ownerDocument;
-         this.namespaceURI = parent.namespaceURI;
-         this._next = null;
-         this._parent = parent;
-         this.__data__ = datum;
-       }
+                 this._point = 1;
+                 break;
+               }
 
-       EnterNode.prototype = {
-         constructor: EnterNode,
-         appendChild: function(child) { return this._parent.insertBefore(child, this._next); },
-         insertBefore: function(child, next) { return this._parent.insertBefore(child, next); },
-         querySelector: function(selector) { return this._parent.querySelector(selector); },
-         querySelectorAll: function(selector) { return this._parent.querySelectorAll(selector); }
-       };
+             case 1:
+               {
+                 this._string.push("L", x, ",", y);
 
-       function constant(x) {
-         return function() {
-           return x;
-         };
-       }
+                 break;
+               }
 
-       var keyPrefix = "$"; // Protect against keys like “__proto__”.
+             default:
+               {
+                 if (this._circle == null) this._circle = circle(this._radius);
 
-       function bindIndex(parent, group, enter, update, exit, data) {
-         var i = 0,
-             node,
-             groupLength = group.length,
-             dataLength = data.length;
+                 this._string.push("M", x, ",", y, this._circle);
 
-         // Put any non-null nodes that fit into update.
-         // Put any null nodes into enter.
-         // Put any remaining data into enter.
-         for (; i < dataLength; ++i) {
-           if (node = group[i]) {
-             node.__data__ = data[i];
-             update[i] = node;
-           } else {
-             enter[i] = new EnterNode(parent, data[i]);
+                 break;
+               }
            }
-         }
+         },
+         result: function result() {
+           if (this._string.length) {
+             var result = this._string.join("");
 
-         // Put any non-null nodes that don’t fit into exit.
-         for (; i < groupLength; ++i) {
-           if (node = group[i]) {
-             exit[i] = node;
+             this._string = [];
+             return result;
+           } else {
+             return null;
            }
          }
-       }
+       };
 
-       function bindKey(parent, group, enter, update, exit, data, key) {
-         var i,
-             node,
-             nodeByKeyValue = {},
-             groupLength = group.length,
-             dataLength = data.length,
-             keyValues = new Array(groupLength),
-             keyValue;
+       function circle(radius) {
+         return "m0," + radius + "a" + radius + "," + radius + " 0 1,1 0," + -2 * radius + "a" + radius + "," + radius + " 0 1,1 0," + 2 * radius + "z";
+       }
 
-         // Compute the key for each node.
-         // If multiple nodes have the same key, the duplicates are added to exit.
-         for (i = 0; i < groupLength; ++i) {
-           if (node = group[i]) {
-             keyValues[i] = keyValue = keyPrefix + key.call(node, node.__data__, i, group);
-             if (keyValue in nodeByKeyValue) {
-               exit[i] = node;
-             } else {
-               nodeByKeyValue[keyValue] = node;
-             }
-           }
-         }
+       function d3_geoPath (projection, context) {
+         var pointRadius = 4.5,
+             projectionStream,
+             contextStream;
 
-         // Compute the key for each datum.
-         // If there a node associated with this key, join and add it to update.
-         // If there is not (or the key is a duplicate), add it to enter.
-         for (i = 0; i < dataLength; ++i) {
-           keyValue = keyPrefix + key.call(parent, data[i], i, data);
-           if (node = nodeByKeyValue[keyValue]) {
-             update[i] = node;
-             node.__data__ = data[i];
-             nodeByKeyValue[keyValue] = null;
-           } else {
-             enter[i] = new EnterNode(parent, data[i]);
+         function path(object) {
+           if (object) {
+             if (typeof pointRadius === "function") contextStream.pointRadius(+pointRadius.apply(this, arguments));
+             d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(contextStream));
            }
-         }
 
-         // Add any remaining nodes that were not bound to data to exit.
-         for (i = 0; i < groupLength; ++i) {
-           if ((node = group[i]) && (nodeByKeyValue[keyValues[i]] === node)) {
-             exit[i] = node;
-           }
+           return contextStream.result();
          }
-       }
 
-       function selection_data(value, key) {
-         if (!value) {
-           data = new Array(this.size()), j = -1;
-           this.each(function(d) { data[++j] = d; });
-           return data;
-         }
+         path.area = function (object) {
+           d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(areaStream));
+           return areaStream.result();
+         };
 
-         var bind = key ? bindKey : bindIndex,
-             parents = this._parents,
-             groups = this._groups;
+         path.measure = function (object) {
+           d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(lengthStream));
+           return lengthStream.result();
+         };
 
-         if (typeof value !== "function") value = constant(value);
+         path.bounds = function (object) {
+           d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(boundsStream));
+           return boundsStream.result();
+         };
 
-         for (var m = groups.length, update = new Array(m), enter = new Array(m), exit = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
-           var parent = parents[j],
-               group = groups[j],
-               groupLength = group.length,
-               data = value.call(parent, parent && parent.__data__, j, parents),
-               dataLength = data.length,
-               enterGroup = enter[j] = new Array(dataLength),
-               updateGroup = update[j] = new Array(dataLength),
-               exitGroup = exit[j] = new Array(groupLength);
+         path.centroid = function (object) {
+           d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(centroidStream));
+           return centroidStream.result();
+         };
 
-           bind(parent, group, enterGroup, updateGroup, exitGroup, data, key);
+         path.projection = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (projectionStream = _ == null ? (projection = null, identity$4) : (projection = _).stream, path) : projection;
+         };
 
-           // Now connect the enter nodes to their following update node, such that
-           // appendChild can insert the materialized enter node before this node,
-           // rather than at the end of the parent node.
-           for (var i0 = 0, i1 = 0, previous, next; i0 < dataLength; ++i0) {
-             if (previous = enterGroup[i0]) {
-               if (i0 >= i1) i1 = i0 + 1;
-               while (!(next = updateGroup[i1]) && ++i1 < dataLength);
-               previous._next = next || null;
-             }
-           }
-         }
+         path.context = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return context;
+           contextStream = _ == null ? (context = null, new PathString()) : new PathContext(context = _);
+           if (typeof pointRadius !== "function") contextStream.pointRadius(pointRadius);
+           return path;
+         };
 
-         update = new Selection(update, parents);
-         update._enter = enter;
-         update._exit = exit;
-         return update;
-       }
+         path.pointRadius = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return pointRadius;
+           pointRadius = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : (contextStream.pointRadius(+_), +_);
+           return path;
+         };
 
-       function selection_exit() {
-         return new Selection(this._exit || this._groups.map(sparse), this._parents);
+         return path.projection(projection).context(context);
        }
 
-       function selection_join(onenter, onupdate, onexit) {
-         var enter = this.enter(), update = this, exit = this.exit();
-         enter = typeof onenter === "function" ? onenter(enter) : enter.append(onenter + "");
-         if (onupdate != null) update = onupdate(update);
-         if (onexit == null) exit.remove(); else onexit(exit);
-         return enter && update ? enter.merge(update).order() : update;
+       function d3_geoTransform (methods) {
+         return {
+           stream: transformer$1(methods)
+         };
        }
+       function transformer$1(methods) {
+         return function (stream) {
+           var s = new TransformStream();
 
-       function selection_merge(selection) {
-
-         for (var groups0 = this._groups, groups1 = selection._groups, m0 = groups0.length, m1 = groups1.length, m = Math.min(m0, m1), merges = new Array(m0), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
-           for (var group0 = groups0[j], group1 = groups1[j], n = group0.length, merge = merges[j] = new Array(n), node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-             if (node = group0[i] || group1[i]) {
-               merge[i] = node;
-             }
+           for (var key in methods) {
+             s[key] = methods[key];
            }
-         }
-
-         for (; j < m0; ++j) {
-           merges[j] = groups0[j];
-         }
 
-         return new Selection(merges, this._parents);
+           s.stream = stream;
+           return s;
+         };
        }
 
-       function selection_order() {
+       function TransformStream() {}
 
-         for (var groups = this._groups, j = -1, m = groups.length; ++j < m;) {
-           for (var group = groups[j], i = group.length - 1, next = group[i], node; --i >= 0;) {
-             if (node = group[i]) {
-               if (next && node.compareDocumentPosition(next) ^ 4) next.parentNode.insertBefore(node, next);
-               next = node;
-             }
-           }
+       TransformStream.prototype = {
+         constructor: TransformStream,
+         point: function point(x, y) {
+           this.stream.point(x, y);
+         },
+         sphere: function sphere() {
+           this.stream.sphere();
+         },
+         lineStart: function lineStart() {
+           this.stream.lineStart();
+         },
+         lineEnd: function lineEnd() {
+           this.stream.lineEnd();
+         },
+         polygonStart: function polygonStart() {
+           this.stream.polygonStart();
+         },
+         polygonEnd: function polygonEnd() {
+           this.stream.polygonEnd();
          }
+       };
 
-         return this;
+       function fit(projection, fitBounds, object) {
+         var clip = projection.clipExtent && projection.clipExtent();
+         projection.scale(150).translate([0, 0]);
+         if (clip != null) projection.clipExtent(null);
+         d3_geoStream(object, projection.stream(boundsStream));
+         fitBounds(boundsStream.result());
+         if (clip != null) projection.clipExtent(clip);
+         return projection;
        }
 
-       function selection_sort(compare) {
-         if (!compare) compare = ascending;
-
-         function compareNode(a, b) {
-           return a && b ? compare(a.__data__, b.__data__) : !a - !b;
-         }
-
-         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, sortgroups = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
-           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, sortgroup = sortgroups[j] = new Array(n), node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-             if (node = group[i]) {
-               sortgroup[i] = node;
-             }
-           }
-           sortgroup.sort(compareNode);
-         }
-
-         return new Selection(sortgroups, this._parents).order();
+       function fitExtent(projection, extent, object) {
+         return fit(projection, function (b) {
+           var w = extent[1][0] - extent[0][0],
+               h = extent[1][1] - extent[0][1],
+               k = Math.min(w / (b[1][0] - b[0][0]), h / (b[1][1] - b[0][1])),
+               x = +extent[0][0] + (w - k * (b[1][0] + b[0][0])) / 2,
+               y = +extent[0][1] + (h - k * (b[1][1] + b[0][1])) / 2;
+           projection.scale(150 * k).translate([x, y]);
+         }, object);
        }
-
-       function ascending(a, b) {
-         return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : a >= b ? 0 : NaN;
+       function fitSize(projection, size, object) {
+         return fitExtent(projection, [[0, 0], size], object);
        }
-
-       function selection_call() {
-         var callback = arguments[0];
-         arguments[0] = this;
-         callback.apply(null, arguments);
-         return this;
+       function fitWidth(projection, width, object) {
+         return fit(projection, function (b) {
+           var w = +width,
+               k = w / (b[1][0] - b[0][0]),
+               x = (w - k * (b[1][0] + b[0][0])) / 2,
+               y = -k * b[0][1];
+           projection.scale(150 * k).translate([x, y]);
+         }, object);
        }
-
-       function selection_nodes() {
-         var nodes = new Array(this.size()), i = -1;
-         this.each(function() { nodes[++i] = this; });
-         return nodes;
+       function fitHeight(projection, height, object) {
+         return fit(projection, function (b) {
+           var h = +height,
+               k = h / (b[1][1] - b[0][1]),
+               x = -k * b[0][0],
+               y = (h - k * (b[1][1] + b[0][1])) / 2;
+           projection.scale(150 * k).translate([x, y]);
+         }, object);
        }
 
-       function selection_node() {
-
-         for (var groups = this._groups, j = 0, m = groups.length; j < m; ++j) {
-           for (var group = groups[j], i = 0, n = group.length; i < n; ++i) {
-             var node = group[i];
-             if (node) return node;
-           }
-         }
+       var maxDepth = 16,
+           // maximum depth of subdivision
+       cosMinDistance = cos(30 * radians); // cos(minimum angular distance)
 
-         return null;
+       function resample (project, delta2) {
+         return +delta2 ? resample$1(project, delta2) : resampleNone(project);
        }
 
-       function selection_size() {
-         var size = 0;
-         this.each(function() { ++size; });
-         return size;
+       function resampleNone(project) {
+         return transformer$1({
+           point: function point(x, y) {
+             x = project(x, y);
+             this.stream.point(x[0], x[1]);
+           }
+         });
        }
 
-       function selection_empty() {
-         return !this.node();
-       }
+       function resample$1(project, delta2) {
+         function resampleLineTo(x0, y0, lambda0, a0, b0, c0, x1, y1, lambda1, a1, b1, c1, depth, stream) {
+           var dx = x1 - x0,
+               dy = y1 - y0,
+               d2 = dx * dx + dy * dy;
 
-       function selection_each(callback) {
+           if (d2 > 4 * delta2 && depth--) {
+             var a = a0 + a1,
+                 b = b0 + b1,
+                 c = c0 + c1,
+                 m = sqrt(a * a + b * b + c * c),
+                 phi2 = asin(c /= m),
+                 lambda2 = abs$2(abs$2(c) - 1) < epsilon$1 || abs$2(lambda0 - lambda1) < epsilon$1 ? (lambda0 + lambda1) / 2 : atan2(b, a),
+                 p = project(lambda2, phi2),
+                 x2 = p[0],
+                 y2 = p[1],
+                 dx2 = x2 - x0,
+                 dy2 = y2 - y0,
+                 dz = dy * dx2 - dx * dy2;
 
-         for (var groups = this._groups, j = 0, m = groups.length; j < m; ++j) {
-           for (var group = groups[j], i = 0, n = group.length, node; i < n; ++i) {
-             if (node = group[i]) callback.call(node, node.__data__, i, group);
+             if (dz * dz / d2 > delta2 // perpendicular projected distance
+             || abs$2((dx * dx2 + dy * dy2) / d2 - 0.5) > 0.3 // midpoint close to an end
+             || a0 * a1 + b0 * b1 + c0 * c1 < cosMinDistance) {
+               // angular distance
+               resampleLineTo(x0, y0, lambda0, a0, b0, c0, x2, y2, lambda2, a /= m, b /= m, c, depth, stream);
+               stream.point(x2, y2);
+               resampleLineTo(x2, y2, lambda2, a, b, c, x1, y1, lambda1, a1, b1, c1, depth, stream);
+             }
            }
          }
 
-         return this;
-       }
+         return function (stream) {
+           var lambda00, x00, y00, a00, b00, c00, // first point
+           lambda0, x0, y0, a0, b0, c0; // previous point
 
-       function attrRemove(name) {
-         return function() {
-           this.removeAttribute(name);
-         };
-       }
+           var resampleStream = {
+             point: point,
+             lineStart: lineStart,
+             lineEnd: lineEnd,
+             polygonStart: function polygonStart() {
+               stream.polygonStart();
+               resampleStream.lineStart = ringStart;
+             },
+             polygonEnd: function polygonEnd() {
+               stream.polygonEnd();
+               resampleStream.lineStart = lineStart;
+             }
+           };
 
-       function attrRemoveNS(fullname) {
-         return function() {
-           this.removeAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
-         };
-       }
+           function point(x, y) {
+             x = project(x, y);
+             stream.point(x[0], x[1]);
+           }
 
-       function attrConstant(name, value) {
-         return function() {
-           this.setAttribute(name, value);
-         };
-       }
+           function lineStart() {
+             x0 = NaN;
+             resampleStream.point = linePoint;
+             stream.lineStart();
+           }
 
-       function attrConstantNS(fullname, value) {
-         return function() {
-           this.setAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local, value);
-         };
-       }
+           function linePoint(lambda, phi) {
+             var c = cartesian([lambda, phi]),
+                 p = project(lambda, phi);
+             resampleLineTo(x0, y0, lambda0, a0, b0, c0, x0 = p[0], y0 = p[1], lambda0 = lambda, a0 = c[0], b0 = c[1], c0 = c[2], maxDepth, stream);
+             stream.point(x0, y0);
+           }
 
-       function attrFunction(name, value) {
-         return function() {
-           var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
-           if (v == null) this.removeAttribute(name);
-           else this.setAttribute(name, v);
-         };
-       }
+           function lineEnd() {
+             resampleStream.point = point;
+             stream.lineEnd();
+           }
 
-       function attrFunctionNS(fullname, value) {
-         return function() {
-           var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
-           if (v == null) this.removeAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
-           else this.setAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local, v);
-         };
-       }
+           function ringStart() {
+             lineStart();
+             resampleStream.point = ringPoint;
+             resampleStream.lineEnd = ringEnd;
+           }
 
-       function selection_attr(name, value) {
-         var fullname = namespace(name);
+           function ringPoint(lambda, phi) {
+             linePoint(lambda00 = lambda, phi), x00 = x0, y00 = y0, a00 = a0, b00 = b0, c00 = c0;
+             resampleStream.point = linePoint;
+           }
 
-         if (arguments.length < 2) {
-           var node = this.node();
-           return fullname.local
-               ? node.getAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local)
-               : node.getAttribute(fullname);
-         }
+           function ringEnd() {
+             resampleLineTo(x0, y0, lambda0, a0, b0, c0, x00, y00, lambda00, a00, b00, c00, maxDepth, stream);
+             resampleStream.lineEnd = lineEnd;
+             lineEnd();
+           }
 
-         return this.each((value == null
-             ? (fullname.local ? attrRemoveNS : attrRemove) : (typeof value === "function"
-             ? (fullname.local ? attrFunctionNS : attrFunction)
-             : (fullname.local ? attrConstantNS : attrConstant)))(fullname, value));
+           return resampleStream;
+         };
        }
 
-       function defaultView(node) {
-         return (node.ownerDocument && node.ownerDocument.defaultView) // node is a Node
-             || (node.document && node) // node is a Window
-             || node.defaultView; // node is a Document
-       }
+       var transformRadians = transformer$1({
+         point: function point(x, y) {
+           this.stream.point(x * radians, y * radians);
+         }
+       });
 
-       function styleRemove(name) {
-         return function() {
-           this.style.removeProperty(name);
-         };
+       function transformRotate(rotate) {
+         return transformer$1({
+           point: function point(x, y) {
+             var r = rotate(x, y);
+             return this.stream.point(r[0], r[1]);
+           }
+         });
        }
 
-       function styleConstant(name, value, priority) {
-         return function() {
-           this.style.setProperty(name, value, priority);
-         };
-       }
+       function scaleTranslate(k, dx, dy, sx, sy) {
+         function transform(x, y) {
+           x *= sx;
+           y *= sy;
+           return [dx + k * x, dy - k * y];
+         }
 
-       function styleFunction(name, value, priority) {
-         return function() {
-           var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
-           if (v == null) this.style.removeProperty(name);
-           else this.style.setProperty(name, v, priority);
+         transform.invert = function (x, y) {
+           return [(x - dx) / k * sx, (dy - y) / k * sy];
          };
-       }
 
-       function selection_style(name, value, priority) {
-         return arguments.length > 1
-             ? this.each((value == null
-                   ? styleRemove : typeof value === "function"
-                   ? styleFunction
-                   : styleConstant)(name, value, priority == null ? "" : priority))
-             : styleValue(this.node(), name);
+         return transform;
        }
 
-       function styleValue(node, name) {
-         return node.style.getPropertyValue(name)
-             || defaultView(node).getComputedStyle(node, null).getPropertyValue(name);
-       }
+       function scaleTranslateRotate(k, dx, dy, sx, sy, alpha) {
+         if (!alpha) return scaleTranslate(k, dx, dy, sx, sy);
+         var cosAlpha = cos(alpha),
+             sinAlpha = sin(alpha),
+             a = cosAlpha * k,
+             b = sinAlpha * k,
+             ai = cosAlpha / k,
+             bi = sinAlpha / k,
+             ci = (sinAlpha * dy - cosAlpha * dx) / k,
+             fi = (sinAlpha * dx + cosAlpha * dy) / k;
 
-       function propertyRemove(name) {
-         return function() {
-           delete this[name];
-         };
-       }
+         function transform(x, y) {
+           x *= sx;
+           y *= sy;
+           return [a * x - b * y + dx, dy - b * x - a * y];
+         }
 
-       function propertyConstant(name, value) {
-         return function() {
-           this[name] = value;
+         transform.invert = function (x, y) {
+           return [sx * (ai * x - bi * y + ci), sy * (fi - bi * x - ai * y)];
          };
-       }
 
-       function propertyFunction(name, value) {
-         return function() {
-           var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
-           if (v == null) delete this[name];
-           else this[name] = v;
-         };
+         return transform;
        }
 
-       function selection_property(name, value) {
-         return arguments.length > 1
-             ? this.each((value == null
-                 ? propertyRemove : typeof value === "function"
-                 ? propertyFunction
-                 : propertyConstant)(name, value))
-             : this.node()[name];
+       function projection(project) {
+         return projectionMutator(function () {
+           return project;
+         })();
        }
+       function projectionMutator(projectAt) {
+         var project,
+             k = 150,
+             // scale
+         x = 480,
+             y = 250,
+             // translate
+         lambda = 0,
+             phi = 0,
+             // center
+         deltaLambda = 0,
+             deltaPhi = 0,
+             deltaGamma = 0,
+             rotate,
+             // pre-rotate
+         alpha = 0,
+             // post-rotate angle
+         sx = 1,
+             // reflectX
+         sy = 1,
+             // reflectX
+         theta = null,
+             preclip = clipAntimeridian,
+             // pre-clip angle
+         x0 = null,
+             y0,
+             x1,
+             y1,
+             postclip = identity$4,
+             // post-clip extent
+         delta2 = 0.5,
+             // precision
+         projectResample,
+             projectTransform,
+             projectRotateTransform,
+             cache,
+             cacheStream;
 
-       function classArray(string) {
-         return string.trim().split(/^|\s+/);
-       }
+         function projection(point) {
+           return projectRotateTransform(point[0] * radians, point[1] * radians);
+         }
 
-       function classList(node) {
-         return node.classList || new ClassList(node);
-       }
+         function invert(point) {
+           point = projectRotateTransform.invert(point[0], point[1]);
+           return point && [point[0] * degrees$1, point[1] * degrees$1];
+         }
 
-       function ClassList(node) {
-         this._node = node;
-         this._names = classArray(node.getAttribute("class") || "");
-       }
+         projection.stream = function (stream) {
+           return cache && cacheStream === stream ? cache : cache = transformRadians(transformRotate(rotate)(preclip(projectResample(postclip(cacheStream = stream)))));
+         };
 
-       ClassList.prototype = {
-         add: function(name) {
-           var i = this._names.indexOf(name);
-           if (i < 0) {
-             this._names.push(name);
-             this._node.setAttribute("class", this._names.join(" "));
-           }
-         },
-         remove: function(name) {
-           var i = this._names.indexOf(name);
-           if (i >= 0) {
-             this._names.splice(i, 1);
-             this._node.setAttribute("class", this._names.join(" "));
-           }
-         },
-         contains: function(name) {
-           return this._names.indexOf(name) >= 0;
-         }
-       };
+         projection.preclip = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (preclip = _, theta = undefined, reset()) : preclip;
+         };
 
-       function classedAdd(node, names) {
-         var list = classList(node), i = -1, n = names.length;
-         while (++i < n) list.add(names[i]);
-       }
+         projection.postclip = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (postclip = _, x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, reset()) : postclip;
+         };
 
-       function classedRemove(node, names) {
-         var list = classList(node), i = -1, n = names.length;
-         while (++i < n) list.remove(names[i]);
-       }
+         projection.clipAngle = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (preclip = +_ ? clipCircle(theta = _ * radians) : (theta = null, clipAntimeridian), reset()) : theta * degrees$1;
+         };
 
-       function classedTrue(names) {
-         return function() {
-           classedAdd(this, names);
+         projection.clipExtent = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (postclip = _ == null ? (x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, identity$4) : clipRectangle(x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1]), reset()) : x0 == null ? null : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
          };
-       }
 
-       function classedFalse(names) {
-         return function() {
-           classedRemove(this, names);
+         projection.scale = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (k = +_, recenter()) : k;
          };
-       }
 
-       function classedFunction(names, value) {
-         return function() {
-           (value.apply(this, arguments) ? classedAdd : classedRemove)(this, names);
+         projection.translate = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (x = +_[0], y = +_[1], recenter()) : [x, y];
          };
-       }
 
-       function selection_classed(name, value) {
-         var names = classArray(name + "");
+         projection.center = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (lambda = _[0] % 360 * radians, phi = _[1] % 360 * radians, recenter()) : [lambda * degrees$1, phi * degrees$1];
+         };
 
-         if (arguments.length < 2) {
-           var list = classList(this.node()), i = -1, n = names.length;
-           while (++i < n) if (!list.contains(names[i])) return false;
-           return true;
-         }
+         projection.rotate = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (deltaLambda = _[0] % 360 * radians, deltaPhi = _[1] % 360 * radians, deltaGamma = _.length > 2 ? _[2] % 360 * radians : 0, recenter()) : [deltaLambda * degrees$1, deltaPhi * degrees$1, deltaGamma * degrees$1];
+         };
 
-         return this.each((typeof value === "function"
-             ? classedFunction : value
-             ? classedTrue
-             : classedFalse)(names, value));
-       }
+         projection.angle = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (alpha = _ % 360 * radians, recenter()) : alpha * degrees$1;
+         };
 
-       function textRemove() {
-         this.textContent = "";
-       }
+         projection.reflectX = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (sx = _ ? -1 : 1, recenter()) : sx < 0;
+         };
 
-       function textConstant(value) {
-         return function() {
-           this.textContent = value;
+         projection.reflectY = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (sy = _ ? -1 : 1, recenter()) : sy < 0;
          };
-       }
 
-       function textFunction(value) {
-         return function() {
-           var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
-           this.textContent = v == null ? "" : v;
+         projection.precision = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (projectResample = resample(projectTransform, delta2 = _ * _), reset()) : sqrt(delta2);
          };
-       }
 
-       function selection_text(value) {
-         return arguments.length
-             ? this.each(value == null
-                 ? textRemove : (typeof value === "function"
-                 ? textFunction
-                 : textConstant)(value))
-             : this.node().textContent;
-       }
+         projection.fitExtent = function (extent, object) {
+           return fitExtent(projection, extent, object);
+         };
 
-       function htmlRemove() {
-         this.innerHTML = "";
-       }
+         projection.fitSize = function (size, object) {
+           return fitSize(projection, size, object);
+         };
 
-       function htmlConstant(value) {
-         return function() {
-           this.innerHTML = value;
+         projection.fitWidth = function (width, object) {
+           return fitWidth(projection, width, object);
          };
-       }
 
-       function htmlFunction(value) {
-         return function() {
-           var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
-           this.innerHTML = v == null ? "" : v;
+         projection.fitHeight = function (height, object) {
+           return fitHeight(projection, height, object);
          };
-       }
 
-       function selection_html(value) {
-         return arguments.length
-             ? this.each(value == null
-                 ? htmlRemove : (typeof value === "function"
-                 ? htmlFunction
-                 : htmlConstant)(value))
-             : this.node().innerHTML;
-       }
+         function recenter() {
+           var center = scaleTranslateRotate(k, 0, 0, sx, sy, alpha).apply(null, project(lambda, phi)),
+               transform = scaleTranslateRotate(k, x - center[0], y - center[1], sx, sy, alpha);
+           rotate = rotateRadians(deltaLambda, deltaPhi, deltaGamma);
+           projectTransform = compose(project, transform);
+           projectRotateTransform = compose(rotate, projectTransform);
+           projectResample = resample(projectTransform, delta2);
+           return reset();
+         }
 
-       function raise() {
-         if (this.nextSibling) this.parentNode.appendChild(this);
-       }
+         function reset() {
+           cache = cacheStream = null;
+           return projection;
+         }
 
-       function selection_raise() {
-         return this.each(raise);
+         return function () {
+           project = projectAt.apply(this, arguments);
+           projection.invert = project.invert && invert;
+           return recenter();
+         };
        }
 
-       function lower() {
-         if (this.previousSibling) this.parentNode.insertBefore(this, this.parentNode.firstChild);
+       function mercatorRaw(lambda, phi) {
+         return [lambda, log$1(tan((halfPi + phi) / 2))];
        }
 
-       function selection_lower() {
-         return this.each(lower);
-       }
+       mercatorRaw.invert = function (x, y) {
+         return [x, 2 * atan(exp$2(y)) - halfPi];
+       };
 
-       function selection_append(name) {
-         var create = typeof name === "function" ? name : creator(name);
-         return this.select(function() {
-           return this.appendChild(create.apply(this, arguments));
-         });
+       function mercator () {
+         return mercatorProjection(mercatorRaw).scale(961 / tau);
        }
+       function mercatorProjection(project) {
+         var m = projection(project),
+             center = m.center,
+             scale = m.scale,
+             translate = m.translate,
+             clipExtent = m.clipExtent,
+             x0 = null,
+             y0,
+             x1,
+             y1; // clip extent
 
-       function constantNull() {
-         return null;
-       }
+         m.scale = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (scale(_), reclip()) : scale();
+         };
 
-       function selection_insert(name, before) {
-         var create = typeof name === "function" ? name : creator(name),
-             select = before == null ? constantNull : typeof before === "function" ? before : selector(before);
-         return this.select(function() {
-           return this.insertBefore(create.apply(this, arguments), select.apply(this, arguments) || null);
-         });
-       }
+         m.translate = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (translate(_), reclip()) : translate();
+         };
 
-       function remove() {
-         var parent = this.parentNode;
-         if (parent) parent.removeChild(this);
-       }
+         m.center = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (center(_), reclip()) : center();
+         };
 
-       function selection_remove() {
-         return this.each(remove);
-       }
+         m.clipExtent = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (_ == null ? x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null : (x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1]), reclip()) : x0 == null ? null : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
+         };
 
-       function selection_cloneShallow() {
-         var clone = this.cloneNode(false), parent = this.parentNode;
-         return parent ? parent.insertBefore(clone, this.nextSibling) : clone;
-       }
+         function reclip() {
+           var k = pi * scale(),
+               t = m(rotation(m.rotate()).invert([0, 0]));
+           return clipExtent(x0 == null ? [[t[0] - k, t[1] - k], [t[0] + k, t[1] + k]] : project === mercatorRaw ? [[Math.max(t[0] - k, x0), y0], [Math.min(t[0] + k, x1), y1]] : [[x0, Math.max(t[1] - k, y0)], [x1, Math.min(t[1] + k, y1)]]);
+         }
 
-       function selection_cloneDeep() {
-         var clone = this.cloneNode(true), parent = this.parentNode;
-         return parent ? parent.insertBefore(clone, this.nextSibling) : clone;
+         return reclip();
        }
 
-       function selection_clone(deep) {
-         return this.select(deep ? selection_cloneDeep : selection_cloneShallow);
-       }
+       function d3_geoIdentity () {
+         var k = 1,
+             tx = 0,
+             ty = 0,
+             sx = 1,
+             sy = 1,
+             // scale, translate and reflect
+         alpha = 0,
+             ca,
+             sa,
+             // angle
+         x0 = null,
+             y0,
+             x1,
+             y1,
+             // clip extent
+         kx = 1,
+             ky = 1,
+             transform = transformer$1({
+           point: function point(x, y) {
+             var p = projection([x, y]);
+             this.stream.point(p[0], p[1]);
+           }
+         }),
+             postclip = identity$4,
+             cache,
+             cacheStream;
 
-       function selection_datum(value) {
-         return arguments.length
-             ? this.property("__data__", value)
-             : this.node().__data__;
-       }
+         function reset() {
+           kx = k * sx;
+           ky = k * sy;
+           cache = cacheStream = null;
+           return projection;
+         }
 
-       var filterEvents = {};
+         function projection(p) {
+           var x = p[0] * kx,
+               y = p[1] * ky;
 
-       var event = null;
+           if (alpha) {
+             var t = y * ca - x * sa;
+             x = x * ca + y * sa;
+             y = t;
+           }
 
-       if (typeof document !== "undefined") {
-         var element = document.documentElement;
-         if (!("onmouseenter" in element)) {
-           filterEvents = {mouseenter: "mouseover", mouseleave: "mouseout"};
+           return [x + tx, y + ty];
          }
-       }
 
-       function filterContextListener(listener, index, group) {
-         listener = contextListener(listener, index, group);
-         return function(event) {
-           var related = event.relatedTarget;
-           if (!related || (related !== this && !(related.compareDocumentPosition(this) & 8))) {
-             listener.call(this, event);
-           }
-         };
-       }
+         projection.invert = function (p) {
+           var x = p[0] - tx,
+               y = p[1] - ty;
 
-       function contextListener(listener, index, group) {
-         return function(event1) {
-           var event0 = event; // Events can be reentrant (e.g., focus).
-           event = event1;
-           try {
-             listener.call(this, this.__data__, index, group);
-           } finally {
-             event = event0;
+           if (alpha) {
+             var t = y * ca + x * sa;
+             x = x * ca - y * sa;
+             y = t;
            }
+
+           return [x / kx, y / ky];
          };
-       }
 
-       function parseTypenames$1(typenames) {
-         return typenames.trim().split(/^|\s+/).map(function(t) {
-           var name = "", i = t.indexOf(".");
-           if (i >= 0) name = t.slice(i + 1), t = t.slice(0, i);
-           return {type: t, name: name};
-         });
-       }
+         projection.stream = function (stream) {
+           return cache && cacheStream === stream ? cache : cache = transform(postclip(cacheStream = stream));
+         };
 
-       function onRemove(typename) {
-         return function() {
-           var on = this.__on;
-           if (!on) return;
-           for (var j = 0, i = -1, m = on.length, o; j < m; ++j) {
-             if (o = on[j], (!typename.type || o.type === typename.type) && o.name === typename.name) {
-               this.removeEventListener(o.type, o.listener, o.capture);
-             } else {
-               on[++i] = o;
-             }
-           }
-           if (++i) on.length = i;
-           else delete this.__on;
+         projection.postclip = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (postclip = _, x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, reset()) : postclip;
          };
-       }
 
-       function onAdd(typename, value, capture) {
-         var wrap = filterEvents.hasOwnProperty(typename.type) ? filterContextListener : contextListener;
-         return function(d, i, group) {
-           var on = this.__on, o, listener = wrap(value, i, group);
-           if (on) for (var j = 0, m = on.length; j < m; ++j) {
-             if ((o = on[j]).type === typename.type && o.name === typename.name) {
-               this.removeEventListener(o.type, o.listener, o.capture);
-               this.addEventListener(o.type, o.listener = listener, o.capture = capture);
-               o.value = value;
-               return;
-             }
-           }
-           this.addEventListener(typename.type, listener, capture);
-           o = {type: typename.type, name: typename.name, value: value, listener: listener, capture: capture};
-           if (!on) this.__on = [o];
-           else on.push(o);
+         projection.clipExtent = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (postclip = _ == null ? (x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, identity$4) : clipRectangle(x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1]), reset()) : x0 == null ? null : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
          };
-       }
 
-       function selection_on(typename, value, capture) {
-         var typenames = parseTypenames$1(typename + ""), i, n = typenames.length, t;
+         projection.scale = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (k = +_, reset()) : k;
+         };
 
-         if (arguments.length < 2) {
-           var on = this.node().__on;
-           if (on) for (var j = 0, m = on.length, o; j < m; ++j) {
-             for (i = 0, o = on[j]; i < n; ++i) {
-               if ((t = typenames[i]).type === o.type && t.name === o.name) {
-                 return o.value;
-               }
-             }
-           }
-           return;
-         }
+         projection.translate = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (tx = +_[0], ty = +_[1], reset()) : [tx, ty];
+         };
 
-         on = value ? onAdd : onRemove;
-         if (capture == null) capture = false;
-         for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) this.each(on(typenames[i], value, capture));
-         return this;
-       }
+         projection.angle = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (alpha = _ % 360 * radians, sa = sin(alpha), ca = cos(alpha), reset()) : alpha * degrees$1;
+         };
 
-       function customEvent(event1, listener, that, args) {
-         var event0 = event;
-         event1.sourceEvent = event;
-         event = event1;
-         try {
-           return listener.apply(that, args);
-         } finally {
-           event = event0;
-         }
-       }
+         projection.reflectX = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (sx = _ ? -1 : 1, reset()) : sx < 0;
+         };
 
-       function dispatchEvent(node, type, params) {
-         var window = defaultView(node),
-             event = window.CustomEvent;
+         projection.reflectY = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (sy = _ ? -1 : 1, reset()) : sy < 0;
+         };
 
-         if (typeof event === "function") {
-           event = new event(type, params);
-         } else {
-           event = window.document.createEvent("Event");
-           if (params) event.initEvent(type, params.bubbles, params.cancelable), event.detail = params.detail;
-           else event.initEvent(type, false, false);
-         }
+         projection.fitExtent = function (extent, object) {
+           return fitExtent(projection, extent, object);
+         };
 
-         node.dispatchEvent(event);
-       }
+         projection.fitSize = function (size, object) {
+           return fitSize(projection, size, object);
+         };
 
-       function dispatchConstant(type, params) {
-         return function() {
-           return dispatchEvent(this, type, params);
+         projection.fitWidth = function (width, object) {
+           return fitWidth(projection, width, object);
          };
-       }
 
-       function dispatchFunction(type, params) {
-         return function() {
-           return dispatchEvent(this, type, params.apply(this, arguments));
+         projection.fitHeight = function (height, object) {
+           return fitHeight(projection, height, object);
          };
-       }
 
-       function selection_dispatch(type, params) {
-         return this.each((typeof params === "function"
-             ? dispatchFunction
-             : dispatchConstant)(type, params));
+         return projection;
        }
 
-       var root$1 = [null];
-
-       function Selection(groups, parents) {
-         this._groups = groups;
-         this._parents = parents;
+       // constants
+       var TAU = 2 * Math.PI;
+       var EQUATORIAL_RADIUS = 6356752.314245179;
+       var POLAR_RADIUS = 6378137.0;
+       function geoLatToMeters(dLat) {
+         return dLat * (TAU * POLAR_RADIUS / 360);
        }
-
-       function selection() {
-         return new Selection([[document.documentElement]], root$1);
+       function geoLonToMeters(dLon, atLat) {
+         return Math.abs(atLat) >= 90 ? 0 : dLon * (TAU * EQUATORIAL_RADIUS / 360) * Math.abs(Math.cos(atLat * (Math.PI / 180)));
        }
-
-       Selection.prototype = selection.prototype = {
-         constructor: Selection,
-         select: selection_select,
-         selectAll: selection_selectAll,
-         filter: selection_filter,
-         data: selection_data,
-         enter: selection_enter,
-         exit: selection_exit,
-         join: selection_join,
-         merge: selection_merge,
-         order: selection_order,
-         sort: selection_sort,
-         call: selection_call,
-         nodes: selection_nodes,
-         node: selection_node,
-         size: selection_size,
-         empty: selection_empty,
-         each: selection_each,
-         attr: selection_attr,
-         style: selection_style,
-         property: selection_property,
-         classed: selection_classed,
-         text: selection_text,
-         html: selection_html,
-         raise: selection_raise,
-         lower: selection_lower,
-         append: selection_append,
-         insert: selection_insert,
-         remove: selection_remove,
-         clone: selection_clone,
-         datum: selection_datum,
-         on: selection_on,
-         dispatch: selection_dispatch
-       };
-
-       function select(selector) {
-         return typeof selector === "string"
-             ? new Selection([[document.querySelector(selector)]], [document.documentElement])
-             : new Selection([[selector]], root$1);
+       function geoMetersToLat(m) {
+         return m / (TAU * POLAR_RADIUS / 360);
        }
-
-       function sourceEvent() {
-         var current = event, source;
-         while (source = current.sourceEvent) current = source;
-         return current;
+       function geoMetersToLon(m, atLat) {
+         return Math.abs(atLat) >= 90 ? 0 : m / (TAU * EQUATORIAL_RADIUS / 360) / Math.abs(Math.cos(atLat * (Math.PI / 180)));
        }
+       function geoMetersToOffset(meters, tileSize) {
+         tileSize = tileSize || 256;
+         return [meters[0] * tileSize / (TAU * EQUATORIAL_RADIUS), -meters[1] * tileSize / (TAU * POLAR_RADIUS)];
+       }
+       function geoOffsetToMeters(offset, tileSize) {
+         tileSize = tileSize || 256;
+         return [offset[0] * TAU * EQUATORIAL_RADIUS / tileSize, -offset[1] * TAU * POLAR_RADIUS / tileSize];
+       } // Equirectangular approximation of spherical distances on Earth
 
-       function point(node, event) {
-         var svg = node.ownerSVGElement || node;
-
-         if (svg.createSVGPoint) {
-           var point = svg.createSVGPoint();
-           point.x = event.clientX, point.y = event.clientY;
-           point = point.matrixTransform(node.getScreenCTM().inverse());
-           return [point.x, point.y];
-         }
+       function geoSphericalDistance(a, b) {
+         var x = geoLonToMeters(a[0] - b[0], (a[1] + b[1]) / 2);
+         var y = geoLatToMeters(a[1] - b[1]);
+         return Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y);
+       } // scale to zoom
 
-         var rect = node.getBoundingClientRect();
-         return [event.clientX - rect.left - node.clientLeft, event.clientY - rect.top - node.clientTop];
-       }
+       function geoScaleToZoom(k, tileSize) {
+         tileSize = tileSize || 256;
+         var log2ts = Math.log(tileSize) * Math.LOG2E;
+         return Math.log(k * TAU) / Math.LN2 - log2ts;
+       } // zoom to scale
 
-       function mouse(node) {
-         var event = sourceEvent();
-         if (event.changedTouches) event = event.changedTouches[0];
-         return point(node, event);
-       }
+       function geoZoomToScale(z, tileSize) {
+         tileSize = tileSize || 256;
+         return tileSize * Math.pow(2, z) / TAU;
+       } // returns info about the node from `nodes` closest to the given `point`
 
-       function selectAll(selector) {
-         return typeof selector === "string"
-             ? new Selection([document.querySelectorAll(selector)], [document.documentElement])
-             : new Selection([selector == null ? [] : selector], root$1);
-       }
+       function geoSphericalClosestNode(nodes, point) {
+         var minDistance = Infinity,
+             distance;
+         var indexOfMin;
 
-       function touch(node, touches, identifier) {
-         if (arguments.length < 3) identifier = touches, touches = sourceEvent().changedTouches;
+         for (var i in nodes) {
+           distance = geoSphericalDistance(nodes[i].loc, point);
 
-         for (var i = 0, n = touches ? touches.length : 0, touch; i < n; ++i) {
-           if ((touch = touches[i]).identifier === identifier) {
-             return point(node, touch);
+           if (distance < minDistance) {
+             minDistance = distance;
+             indexOfMin = i;
            }
          }
 
-         return null;
-       }
-
-       function nopropagation() {
-         event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-       }
-
-       function noevent() {
-         event.preventDefault();
-         event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-       }
-
-       function dragDisable(view) {
-         var root = view.document.documentElement,
-             selection = select(view).on("dragstart.drag", noevent, true);
-         if ("onselectstart" in root) {
-           selection.on("selectstart.drag", noevent, true);
+         if (indexOfMin !== undefined) {
+           return {
+             index: indexOfMin,
+             distance: minDistance,
+             node: nodes[indexOfMin]
+           };
          } else {
-           root.__noselect = root.style.MozUserSelect;
-           root.style.MozUserSelect = "none";
+           return null;
          }
        }
 
-       function yesdrag(view, noclick) {
-         var root = view.document.documentElement,
-             selection = select(view).on("dragstart.drag", null);
-         if (noclick) {
-           selection.on("click.drag", noevent, true);
-           setTimeout(function() { selection.on("click.drag", null); }, 0);
-         }
-         if ("onselectstart" in root) {
-           selection.on("selectstart.drag", null);
+       function geoExtent(min, max) {
+         if (!(this instanceof geoExtent)) {
+           return new geoExtent(min, max);
+         } else if (min instanceof geoExtent) {
+           return min;
+         } else if (min && min.length === 2 && min[0].length === 2 && min[1].length === 2) {
+           this[0] = min[0];
+           this[1] = min[1];
          } else {
-           root.style.MozUserSelect = root.__noselect;
-           delete root.__noselect;
+           this[0] = min || [Infinity, Infinity];
+           this[1] = max || min || [-Infinity, -Infinity];
          }
        }
+       geoExtent.prototype = new Array(2);
+       Object.assign(geoExtent.prototype, {
+         equals: function equals(obj) {
+           return this[0][0] === obj[0][0] && this[0][1] === obj[0][1] && this[1][0] === obj[1][0] && this[1][1] === obj[1][1];
+         },
+         extend: function extend(obj) {
+           if (!(obj instanceof geoExtent)) obj = new geoExtent(obj);
+           return geoExtent([Math.min(obj[0][0], this[0][0]), Math.min(obj[0][1], this[0][1])], [Math.max(obj[1][0], this[1][0]), Math.max(obj[1][1], this[1][1])]);
+         },
+         _extend: function _extend(extent) {
+           this[0][0] = Math.min(extent[0][0], this[0][0]);
+           this[0][1] = Math.min(extent[0][1], this[0][1]);
+           this[1][0] = Math.max(extent[1][0], this[1][0]);
+           this[1][1] = Math.max(extent[1][1], this[1][1]);
+         },
+         area: function area() {
+           return Math.abs((this[1][0] - this[0][0]) * (this[1][1] - this[0][1]));
+         },
+         center: function center() {
+           return [(this[0][0] + this[1][0]) / 2, (this[0][1] + this[1][1]) / 2];
+         },
+         rectangle: function rectangle() {
+           return [this[0][0], this[0][1], this[1][0], this[1][1]];
+         },
+         bbox: function bbox() {
+           return {
+             minX: this[0][0],
+             minY: this[0][1],
+             maxX: this[1][0],
+             maxY: this[1][1]
+           };
+         },
+         polygon: function polygon() {
+           return [[this[0][0], this[0][1]], [this[0][0], this[1][1]], [this[1][0], this[1][1]], [this[1][0], this[0][1]], [this[0][0], this[0][1]]];
+         },
+         contains: function contains(obj) {
+           if (!(obj instanceof geoExtent)) obj = new geoExtent(obj);
+           return obj[0][0] >= this[0][0] && obj[0][1] >= this[0][1] && obj[1][0] <= this[1][0] && obj[1][1] <= this[1][1];
+         },
+         intersects: function intersects(obj) {
+           if (!(obj instanceof geoExtent)) obj = new geoExtent(obj);
+           return obj[0][0] <= this[1][0] && obj[0][1] <= this[1][1] && obj[1][0] >= this[0][0] && obj[1][1] >= this[0][1];
+         },
+         intersection: function intersection(obj) {
+           if (!this.intersects(obj)) return new geoExtent();
+           return new geoExtent([Math.max(obj[0][0], this[0][0]), Math.max(obj[0][1], this[0][1])], [Math.min(obj[1][0], this[1][0]), Math.min(obj[1][1], this[1][1])]);
+         },
+         percentContainedIn: function percentContainedIn(obj) {
+           if (!(obj instanceof geoExtent)) obj = new geoExtent(obj);
+           var a1 = this.intersection(obj).area();
+           var a2 = this.area();
 
-       function constant$1(x) {
-         return function() {
-           return x;
-         };
-       }
-
-       function DragEvent(target, type, subject, id, active, x, y, dx, dy, dispatch) {
-         this.target = target;
-         this.type = type;
-         this.subject = subject;
-         this.identifier = id;
-         this.active = active;
-         this.x = x;
-         this.y = y;
-         this.dx = dx;
-         this.dy = dy;
-         this._ = dispatch;
-       }
+           if (a1 === Infinity || a2 === Infinity) {
+             return 0;
+           } else if (a1 === 0 || a2 === 0) {
+             if (obj.contains(this)) {
+               return 1;
+             }
 
-       DragEvent.prototype.on = function() {
-         var value = this._.on.apply(this._, arguments);
-         return value === this._ ? this : value;
-       };
+             return 0;
+           } else {
+             return a1 / a2;
+           }
+         },
+         padByMeters: function padByMeters(meters) {
+           var dLat = geoMetersToLat(meters);
+           var dLon = geoMetersToLon(meters, this.center()[1]);
+           return geoExtent([this[0][0] - dLon, this[0][1] - dLat], [this[1][0] + dLon, this[1][1] + dLat]);
+         },
+         toParam: function toParam() {
+           return this.rectangle().join(',');
+         }
+       });
 
-       // Ignore right-click, since that should open the context menu.
-       function defaultFilter() {
-         return !event.ctrlKey && !event.button;
-       }
+       var $$w = _export;
+       var $every = arrayIteration.every;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$2 = arrayMethodIsStrict$9;
 
-       function defaultContainer() {
-         return this.parentNode;
-       }
+       var STRICT_METHOD$2 = arrayMethodIsStrict$2('every');
 
-       function defaultSubject(d) {
-         return d == null ? {x: event.x, y: event.y} : d;
-       }
+       // `Array.prototype.every` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.every
+       $$w({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !STRICT_METHOD$2 }, {
+         every: function every(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
+           return $every(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+         }
+       });
 
-       function defaultTouchable() {
-         return navigator.maxTouchPoints || ("ontouchstart" in this);
-       }
+       var $$v = _export;
+       var $reduce = arrayReduce.left;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict$1 = arrayMethodIsStrict$9;
+       var CHROME_VERSION$1 = engineV8Version;
+       var IS_NODE$1 = engineIsNode;
 
-       function d3_drag() {
-         var filter = defaultFilter,
-             container = defaultContainer,
-             subject = defaultSubject,
-             touchable = defaultTouchable,
-             gestures = {},
-             listeners = dispatch("start", "drag", "end"),
-             active = 0,
-             mousedownx,
-             mousedowny,
-             mousemoving,
-             touchending,
-             clickDistance2 = 0;
+       var STRICT_METHOD$1 = arrayMethodIsStrict$1('reduce');
+       // Chrome 80-82 has a critical bug
+       // https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=1049982
+       var CHROME_BUG$1 = !IS_NODE$1 && CHROME_VERSION$1 > 79 && CHROME_VERSION$1 < 83;
 
-         function drag(selection) {
-           selection
-               .on("mousedown.drag", mousedowned)
-             .filter(touchable)
-               .on("touchstart.drag", touchstarted)
-               .on("touchmove.drag", touchmoved)
-               .on("touchend.drag touchcancel.drag", touchended)
-               .style("touch-action", "none")
-               .style("-webkit-tap-highlight-color", "rgba(0,0,0,0)");
+       // `Array.prototype.reduce` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.reduce
+       $$v({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !STRICT_METHOD$1 || CHROME_BUG$1 }, {
+         reduce: function reduce(callbackfn /* , initialValue */) {
+           var length = arguments.length;
+           return $reduce(this, callbackfn, length, length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
          }
+       });
 
-         function mousedowned() {
-           if (touchending || !filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
-           var gesture = beforestart("mouse", container.apply(this, arguments), mouse, this, arguments);
-           if (!gesture) return;
-           select(event.view).on("mousemove.drag", mousemoved, true).on("mouseup.drag", mouseupped, true);
-           dragDisable(event.view);
-           nopropagation();
-           mousemoving = false;
-           mousedownx = event.clientX;
-           mousedowny = event.clientY;
-           gesture("start");
-         }
+       function d3_polygonArea (polygon) {
+         var i = -1,
+             n = polygon.length,
+             a,
+             b = polygon[n - 1],
+             area = 0;
 
-         function mousemoved() {
-           noevent();
-           if (!mousemoving) {
-             var dx = event.clientX - mousedownx, dy = event.clientY - mousedowny;
-             mousemoving = dx * dx + dy * dy > clickDistance2;
-           }
-           gestures.mouse("drag");
+         while (++i < n) {
+           a = b;
+           b = polygon[i];
+           area += a[1] * b[0] - a[0] * b[1];
          }
 
-         function mouseupped() {
-           select(event.view).on("mousemove.drag mouseup.drag", null);
-           yesdrag(event.view, mousemoving);
-           noevent();
-           gestures.mouse("end");
-         }
+         return area / 2;
+       }
 
-         function touchstarted() {
-           if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
-           var touches = event.changedTouches,
-               c = container.apply(this, arguments),
-               n = touches.length, i, gesture;
+       function d3_polygonCentroid (polygon) {
+         var i = -1,
+             n = polygon.length,
+             x = 0,
+             y = 0,
+             a,
+             b = polygon[n - 1],
+             c,
+             k = 0;
 
-           for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-             if (gesture = beforestart(touches[i].identifier, c, touch, this, arguments)) {
-               nopropagation();
-               gesture("start");
-             }
-           }
+         while (++i < n) {
+           a = b;
+           b = polygon[i];
+           k += c = a[0] * b[1] - b[0] * a[1];
+           x += (a[0] + b[0]) * c;
+           y += (a[1] + b[1]) * c;
          }
 
-         function touchmoved() {
-           var touches = event.changedTouches,
-               n = touches.length, i, gesture;
+         return k *= 3, [x / k, y / k];
+       }
 
-           for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-             if (gesture = gestures[touches[i].identifier]) {
-               noevent();
-               gesture("drag");
-             }
-           }
-         }
+       // Returns the 2D cross product of AB and AC vectors, i.e., the z-component of
+       // the 3D cross product in a quadrant I Cartesian coordinate system (+x is
+       // right, +y is up). Returns a positive value if ABC is counter-clockwise,
+       // negative if clockwise, and zero if the points are collinear.
+       function cross (a, b, c) {
+         return (b[0] - a[0]) * (c[1] - a[1]) - (b[1] - a[1]) * (c[0] - a[0]);
+       }
 
-         function touchended() {
-           var touches = event.changedTouches,
-               n = touches.length, i, gesture;
+       function lexicographicOrder(a, b) {
+         return a[0] - b[0] || a[1] - b[1];
+       } // Computes the upper convex hull per the monotone chain algorithm.
+       // Assumes points.length >= 3, is sorted by x, unique in y.
+       // Returns an array of indices into points in left-to-right order.
 
-           if (touchending) clearTimeout(touchending);
-           touchending = setTimeout(function() { touchending = null; }, 500); // Ghost clicks are delayed!
-           for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-             if (gesture = gestures[touches[i].identifier]) {
-               nopropagation();
-               gesture("end");
-             }
-           }
-         }
 
-         function beforestart(id, container, point, that, args) {
-           var p = point(container, id), s, dx, dy,
-               sublisteners = listeners.copy();
+       function computeUpperHullIndexes(points) {
+         var n = points.length,
+             indexes = [0, 1];
+         var size = 2,
+             i;
 
-           if (!customEvent(new DragEvent(drag, "beforestart", s, id, active, p[0], p[1], 0, 0, sublisteners), function() {
-             if ((event.subject = s = subject.apply(that, args)) == null) return false;
-             dx = s.x - p[0] || 0;
-             dy = s.y - p[1] || 0;
-             return true;
-           })) return;
+         for (i = 2; i < n; ++i) {
+           while (size > 1 && cross(points[indexes[size - 2]], points[indexes[size - 1]], points[i]) <= 0) {
+             --size;
+           }
 
-           return function gesture(type) {
-             var p0 = p, n;
-             switch (type) {
-               case "start": gestures[id] = gesture, n = active++; break;
-               case "end": delete gestures[id], --active; // nobreak
-               case "drag": p = point(container, id), n = active; break;
-             }
-             customEvent(new DragEvent(drag, type, s, id, n, p[0] + dx, p[1] + dy, p[0] - p0[0], p[1] - p0[1], sublisteners), sublisteners.apply, sublisteners, [type, that, args]);
-           };
+           indexes[size++] = i;
          }
 
-         drag.filter = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (filter = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$1(!!_), drag) : filter;
-         };
-
-         drag.container = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (container = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$1(_), drag) : container;
-         };
+         return indexes.slice(0, size); // remove popped points
+       }
 
-         drag.subject = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (subject = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$1(_), drag) : subject;
-         };
+       function d3_polygonHull (points) {
+         if ((n = points.length) < 3) return null;
+         var i,
+             n,
+             sortedPoints = new Array(n),
+             flippedPoints = new Array(n);
 
-         drag.touchable = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (touchable = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$1(!!_), drag) : touchable;
-         };
+         for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+           sortedPoints[i] = [+points[i][0], +points[i][1], i];
+         }
 
-         drag.on = function() {
-           var value = listeners.on.apply(listeners, arguments);
-           return value === listeners ? drag : value;
-         };
+         sortedPoints.sort(lexicographicOrder);
 
-         drag.clickDistance = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (clickDistance2 = (_ = +_) * _, drag) : Math.sqrt(clickDistance2);
-         };
+         for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+           flippedPoints[i] = [sortedPoints[i][0], -sortedPoints[i][1]];
+         }
 
-         return drag;
-       }
+         var upperIndexes = computeUpperHullIndexes(sortedPoints),
+             lowerIndexes = computeUpperHullIndexes(flippedPoints); // Construct the hull polygon, removing possible duplicate endpoints.
 
-       function define$1(constructor, factory, prototype) {
-         constructor.prototype = factory.prototype = prototype;
-         prototype.constructor = constructor;
-       }
+         var skipLeft = lowerIndexes[0] === upperIndexes[0],
+             skipRight = lowerIndexes[lowerIndexes.length - 1] === upperIndexes[upperIndexes.length - 1],
+             hull = []; // Add upper hull in right-to-l order.
+         // Then add lower hull in left-to-right order.
 
-       function extend(parent, definition) {
-         var prototype = Object.create(parent.prototype);
-         for (var key in definition) prototype[key] = definition[key];
-         return prototype;
-       }
+         for (i = upperIndexes.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+           hull.push(points[sortedPoints[upperIndexes[i]][2]]);
+         }
 
-       function Color() {}
+         for (i = +skipLeft; i < lowerIndexes.length - skipRight; ++i) {
+           hull.push(points[sortedPoints[lowerIndexes[i]][2]]);
+         }
 
-       var darker = 0.7;
-       var brighter = 1 / darker;
+         return hull;
+       }
 
-       var reI = "\\s*([+-]?\\d+)\\s*",
-           reN = "\\s*([+-]?\\d*\\.?\\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\\d+)?)\\s*",
-           reP = "\\s*([+-]?\\d*\\.?\\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\\d+)?)%\\s*",
-           reHex = /^#([0-9a-f]{3,8})$/,
-           reRgbInteger = new RegExp("^rgb\\(" + [reI, reI, reI] + "\\)$"),
-           reRgbPercent = new RegExp("^rgb\\(" + [reP, reP, reP] + "\\)$"),
-           reRgbaInteger = new RegExp("^rgba\\(" + [reI, reI, reI, reN] + "\\)$"),
-           reRgbaPercent = new RegExp("^rgba\\(" + [reP, reP, reP, reN] + "\\)$"),
-           reHslPercent = new RegExp("^hsl\\(" + [reN, reP, reP] + "\\)$"),
-           reHslaPercent = new RegExp("^hsla\\(" + [reN, reP, reP, reN] + "\\)$");
+       // vector equals
+       function geoVecEqual(a, b, epsilon) {
+         if (epsilon) {
+           return Math.abs(a[0] - b[0]) <= epsilon && Math.abs(a[1] - b[1]) <= epsilon;
+         } else {
+           return a[0] === b[0] && a[1] === b[1];
+         }
+       } // vector addition
 
-       var named = {
-         aliceblue: 0xf0f8ff,
-         antiquewhite: 0xfaebd7,
-         aqua: 0x00ffff,
-         aquamarine: 0x7fffd4,
-         azure: 0xf0ffff,
-         beige: 0xf5f5dc,
-         bisque: 0xffe4c4,
-         black: 0x000000,
-         blanchedalmond: 0xffebcd,
-         blue: 0x0000ff,
-         blueviolet: 0x8a2be2,
-         brown: 0xa52a2a,
-         burlywood: 0xdeb887,
-         cadetblue: 0x5f9ea0,
-         chartreuse: 0x7fff00,
-         chocolate: 0xd2691e,
-         coral: 0xff7f50,
-         cornflowerblue: 0x6495ed,
-         cornsilk: 0xfff8dc,
-         crimson: 0xdc143c,
-         cyan: 0x00ffff,
-         darkblue: 0x00008b,
-         darkcyan: 0x008b8b,
-         darkgoldenrod: 0xb8860b,
-         darkgray: 0xa9a9a9,
-         darkgreen: 0x006400,
-         darkgrey: 0xa9a9a9,
-         darkkhaki: 0xbdb76b,
-         darkmagenta: 0x8b008b,
-         darkolivegreen: 0x556b2f,
-         darkorange: 0xff8c00,
-         darkorchid: 0x9932cc,
-         darkred: 0x8b0000,
-         darksalmon: 0xe9967a,
-         darkseagreen: 0x8fbc8f,
-         darkslateblue: 0x483d8b,
-         darkslategray: 0x2f4f4f,
-         darkslategrey: 0x2f4f4f,
-         darkturquoise: 0x00ced1,
-         darkviolet: 0x9400d3,
-         deeppink: 0xff1493,
-         deepskyblue: 0x00bfff,
-         dimgray: 0x696969,
-         dimgrey: 0x696969,
-         dodgerblue: 0x1e90ff,
-         firebrick: 0xb22222,
-         floralwhite: 0xfffaf0,
-         forestgreen: 0x228b22,
-         fuchsia: 0xff00ff,
-         gainsboro: 0xdcdcdc,
-         ghostwhite: 0xf8f8ff,
-         gold: 0xffd700,
-         goldenrod: 0xdaa520,
-         gray: 0x808080,
-         green: 0x008000,
-         greenyellow: 0xadff2f,
-         grey: 0x808080,
-         honeydew: 0xf0fff0,
-         hotpink: 0xff69b4,
-         indianred: 0xcd5c5c,
-         indigo: 0x4b0082,
-         ivory: 0xfffff0,
-         khaki: 0xf0e68c,
-         lavender: 0xe6e6fa,
-         lavenderblush: 0xfff0f5,
-         lawngreen: 0x7cfc00,
-         lemonchiffon: 0xfffacd,
-         lightblue: 0xadd8e6,
-         lightcoral: 0xf08080,
-         lightcyan: 0xe0ffff,
-         lightgoldenrodyellow: 0xfafad2,
-         lightgray: 0xd3d3d3,
-         lightgreen: 0x90ee90,
-         lightgrey: 0xd3d3d3,
-         lightpink: 0xffb6c1,
-         lightsalmon: 0xffa07a,
-         lightseagreen: 0x20b2aa,
-         lightskyblue: 0x87cefa,
-         lightslategray: 0x778899,
-         lightslategrey: 0x778899,
-         lightsteelblue: 0xb0c4de,
-         lightyellow: 0xffffe0,
-         lime: 0x00ff00,
-         limegreen: 0x32cd32,
-         linen: 0xfaf0e6,
-         magenta: 0xff00ff,
-         maroon: 0x800000,
-         mediumaquamarine: 0x66cdaa,
-         mediumblue: 0x0000cd,
-         mediumorchid: 0xba55d3,
-         mediumpurple: 0x9370db,
-         mediumseagreen: 0x3cb371,
-         mediumslateblue: 0x7b68ee,
-         mediumspringgreen: 0x00fa9a,
-         mediumturquoise: 0x48d1cc,
-         mediumvioletred: 0xc71585,
-         midnightblue: 0x191970,
-         mintcream: 0xf5fffa,
-         mistyrose: 0xffe4e1,
-         moccasin: 0xffe4b5,
-         navajowhite: 0xffdead,
-         navy: 0x000080,
-         oldlace: 0xfdf5e6,
-         olive: 0x808000,
-         olivedrab: 0x6b8e23,
-         orange: 0xffa500,
-         orangered: 0xff4500,
-         orchid: 0xda70d6,
-         palegoldenrod: 0xeee8aa,
-         palegreen: 0x98fb98,
-         paleturquoise: 0xafeeee,
-         palevioletred: 0xdb7093,
-         papayawhip: 0xffefd5,
-         peachpuff: 0xffdab9,
-         peru: 0xcd853f,
-         pink: 0xffc0cb,
-         plum: 0xdda0dd,
-         powderblue: 0xb0e0e6,
-         purple: 0x800080,
-         rebeccapurple: 0x663399,
-         red: 0xff0000,
-         rosybrown: 0xbc8f8f,
-         royalblue: 0x4169e1,
-         saddlebrown: 0x8b4513,
-         salmon: 0xfa8072,
-         sandybrown: 0xf4a460,
-         seagreen: 0x2e8b57,
-         seashell: 0xfff5ee,
-         sienna: 0xa0522d,
-         silver: 0xc0c0c0,
-         skyblue: 0x87ceeb,
-         slateblue: 0x6a5acd,
-         slategray: 0x708090,
-         slategrey: 0x708090,
-         snow: 0xfffafa,
-         springgreen: 0x00ff7f,
-         steelblue: 0x4682b4,
-         tan: 0xd2b48c,
-         teal: 0x008080,
-         thistle: 0xd8bfd8,
-         tomato: 0xff6347,
-         turquoise: 0x40e0d0,
-         violet: 0xee82ee,
-         wheat: 0xf5deb3,
-         white: 0xffffff,
-         whitesmoke: 0xf5f5f5,
-         yellow: 0xffff00,
-         yellowgreen: 0x9acd32
-       };
+       function geoVecAdd(a, b) {
+         return [a[0] + b[0], a[1] + b[1]];
+       } // vector subtraction
 
-       define$1(Color, color, {
-         copy: function(channels) {
-           return Object.assign(new this.constructor, this, channels);
-         },
-         displayable: function() {
-           return this.rgb().displayable();
-         },
-         hex: color_formatHex, // Deprecated! Use color.formatHex.
-         formatHex: color_formatHex,
-         formatHsl: color_formatHsl,
-         formatRgb: color_formatRgb,
-         toString: color_formatRgb
-       });
+       function geoVecSubtract(a, b) {
+         return [a[0] - b[0], a[1] - b[1]];
+       } // vector scaling
 
-       function color_formatHex() {
-         return this.rgb().formatHex();
-       }
+       function geoVecScale(a, mag) {
+         return [a[0] * mag, a[1] * mag];
+       } // vector rounding (was: geoRoundCoordinates)
 
-       function color_formatHsl() {
-         return hslConvert(this).formatHsl();
-       }
+       function geoVecFloor(a) {
+         return [Math.floor(a[0]), Math.floor(a[1])];
+       } // linear interpolation
 
-       function color_formatRgb() {
-         return this.rgb().formatRgb();
-       }
+       function geoVecInterp(a, b, t) {
+         return [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * t, a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * t];
+       } // http://jsperf.com/id-dist-optimization
 
-       function color(format) {
-         var m, l;
-         format = (format + "").trim().toLowerCase();
-         return (m = reHex.exec(format)) ? (l = m[1].length, m = parseInt(m[1], 16), l === 6 ? rgbn(m) // #ff0000
-             : l === 3 ? new Rgb((m >> 8 & 0xf) | (m >> 4 & 0xf0), (m >> 4 & 0xf) | (m & 0xf0), ((m & 0xf) << 4) | (m & 0xf), 1) // #f00
-             : l === 8 ? rgba(m >> 24 & 0xff, m >> 16 & 0xff, m >> 8 & 0xff, (m & 0xff) / 0xff) // #ff000000
-             : l === 4 ? rgba((m >> 12 & 0xf) | (m >> 8 & 0xf0), (m >> 8 & 0xf) | (m >> 4 & 0xf0), (m >> 4 & 0xf) | (m & 0xf0), (((m & 0xf) << 4) | (m & 0xf)) / 0xff) // #f000
-             : null) // invalid hex
-             : (m = reRgbInteger.exec(format)) ? new Rgb(m[1], m[2], m[3], 1) // rgb(255, 0, 0)
-             : (m = reRgbPercent.exec(format)) ? new Rgb(m[1] * 255 / 100, m[2] * 255 / 100, m[3] * 255 / 100, 1) // rgb(100%, 0%, 0%)
-             : (m = reRgbaInteger.exec(format)) ? rgba(m[1], m[2], m[3], m[4]) // rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)
-             : (m = reRgbaPercent.exec(format)) ? rgba(m[1] * 255 / 100, m[2] * 255 / 100, m[3] * 255 / 100, m[4]) // rgb(100%, 0%, 0%, 1)
-             : (m = reHslPercent.exec(format)) ? hsla(m[1], m[2] / 100, m[3] / 100, 1) // hsl(120, 50%, 50%)
-             : (m = reHslaPercent.exec(format)) ? hsla(m[1], m[2] / 100, m[3] / 100, m[4]) // hsla(120, 50%, 50%, 1)
-             : named.hasOwnProperty(format) ? rgbn(named[format]) // eslint-disable-line no-prototype-builtins
-             : format === "transparent" ? new Rgb(NaN, NaN, NaN, 0)
-             : null;
-       }
+       function geoVecLength(a, b) {
+         return Math.sqrt(geoVecLengthSquare(a, b));
+       } // length of vector raised to the power two
 
-       function rgbn(n) {
-         return new Rgb(n >> 16 & 0xff, n >> 8 & 0xff, n & 0xff, 1);
-       }
+       function geoVecLengthSquare(a, b) {
+         b = b || [0, 0];
+         var x = a[0] - b[0];
+         var y = a[1] - b[1];
+         return x * x + y * y;
+       } // get a unit vector
 
-       function rgba(r, g, b, a) {
-         if (a <= 0) r = g = b = NaN;
-         return new Rgb(r, g, b, a);
-       }
+       function geoVecNormalize(a) {
+         var length = Math.sqrt(a[0] * a[0] + a[1] * a[1]);
 
-       function rgbConvert(o) {
-         if (!(o instanceof Color)) o = color(o);
-         if (!o) return new Rgb;
-         o = o.rgb();
-         return new Rgb(o.r, o.g, o.b, o.opacity);
-       }
+         if (length !== 0) {
+           return geoVecScale(a, 1 / length);
+         }
 
-       function rgb(r, g, b, opacity) {
-         return arguments.length === 1 ? rgbConvert(r) : new Rgb(r, g, b, opacity == null ? 1 : opacity);
-       }
+         return [0, 0];
+       } // Return the counterclockwise angle in the range (-pi, pi)
+       // between the positive X axis and the line intersecting a and b.
 
-       function Rgb(r, g, b, opacity) {
-         this.r = +r;
-         this.g = +g;
-         this.b = +b;
-         this.opacity = +opacity;
-       }
+       function geoVecAngle(a, b) {
+         return Math.atan2(b[1] - a[1], b[0] - a[0]);
+       } // dot product
 
-       define$1(Rgb, rgb, extend(Color, {
-         brighter: function(k) {
-           k = k == null ? brighter : Math.pow(brighter, k);
-           return new Rgb(this.r * k, this.g * k, this.b * k, this.opacity);
-         },
-         darker: function(k) {
-           k = k == null ? darker : Math.pow(darker, k);
-           return new Rgb(this.r * k, this.g * k, this.b * k, this.opacity);
-         },
-         rgb: function() {
-           return this;
-         },
-         displayable: function() {
-           return (-0.5 <= this.r && this.r < 255.5)
-               && (-0.5 <= this.g && this.g < 255.5)
-               && (-0.5 <= this.b && this.b < 255.5)
-               && (0 <= this.opacity && this.opacity <= 1);
-         },
-         hex: rgb_formatHex, // Deprecated! Use color.formatHex.
-         formatHex: rgb_formatHex,
-         formatRgb: rgb_formatRgb,
-         toString: rgb_formatRgb
-       }));
+       function geoVecDot(a, b, origin) {
+         origin = origin || [0, 0];
+         var p = geoVecSubtract(a, origin);
+         var q = geoVecSubtract(b, origin);
+         return p[0] * q[0] + p[1] * q[1];
+       } // normalized dot product
 
-       function rgb_formatHex() {
-         return "#" + hex$1(this.r) + hex$1(this.g) + hex$1(this.b);
-       }
+       function geoVecNormalizedDot(a, b, origin) {
+         origin = origin || [0, 0];
+         var p = geoVecNormalize(geoVecSubtract(a, origin));
+         var q = geoVecNormalize(geoVecSubtract(b, origin));
+         return geoVecDot(p, q);
+       } // 2D cross product of OA and OB vectors, returns magnitude of Z vector
+       // Returns a positive value, if OAB makes a counter-clockwise turn,
+       // negative for clockwise turn, and zero if the points are collinear.
 
-       function rgb_formatRgb() {
-         var a = this.opacity; a = isNaN(a) ? 1 : Math.max(0, Math.min(1, a));
-         return (a === 1 ? "rgb(" : "rgba(")
-             + Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(this.r) || 0)) + ", "
-             + Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(this.g) || 0)) + ", "
-             + Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(this.b) || 0))
-             + (a === 1 ? ")" : ", " + a + ")");
-       }
+       function geoVecCross(a, b, origin) {
+         origin = origin || [0, 0];
+         var p = geoVecSubtract(a, origin);
+         var q = geoVecSubtract(b, origin);
+         return p[0] * q[1] - p[1] * q[0];
+       } // find closest orthogonal projection of point onto points array
 
-       function hex$1(value) {
-         value = Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(value) || 0));
-         return (value < 16 ? "0" : "") + value.toString(16);
-       }
+       function geoVecProject(a, points) {
+         var min = Infinity;
+         var idx;
+         var target;
+
+         for (var i = 0; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
+           var o = points[i];
+           var s = geoVecSubtract(points[i + 1], o);
+           var v = geoVecSubtract(a, o);
+           var proj = geoVecDot(v, s) / geoVecDot(s, s);
+           var p;
+
+           if (proj < 0) {
+             p = o;
+           } else if (proj > 1) {
+             p = points[i + 1];
+           } else {
+             p = [o[0] + proj * s[0], o[1] + proj * s[1]];
+           }
 
-       function hsla(h, s, l, a) {
-         if (a <= 0) h = s = l = NaN;
-         else if (l <= 0 || l >= 1) h = s = NaN;
-         else if (s <= 0) h = NaN;
-         return new Hsl(h, s, l, a);
-       }
+           var dist = geoVecLength(p, a);
 
-       function hslConvert(o) {
-         if (o instanceof Hsl) return new Hsl(o.h, o.s, o.l, o.opacity);
-         if (!(o instanceof Color)) o = color(o);
-         if (!o) return new Hsl;
-         if (o instanceof Hsl) return o;
-         o = o.rgb();
-         var r = o.r / 255,
-             g = o.g / 255,
-             b = o.b / 255,
-             min = Math.min(r, g, b),
-             max = Math.max(r, g, b),
-             h = NaN,
-             s = max - min,
-             l = (max + min) / 2;
-         if (s) {
-           if (r === max) h = (g - b) / s + (g < b) * 6;
-           else if (g === max) h = (b - r) / s + 2;
-           else h = (r - g) / s + 4;
-           s /= l < 0.5 ? max + min : 2 - max - min;
-           h *= 60;
-         } else {
-           s = l > 0 && l < 1 ? 0 : h;
+           if (dist < min) {
+             min = dist;
+             idx = i + 1;
+             target = p;
+           }
          }
-         return new Hsl(h, s, l, o.opacity);
-       }
-
-       function hsl(h, s, l, opacity) {
-         return arguments.length === 1 ? hslConvert(h) : new Hsl(h, s, l, opacity == null ? 1 : opacity);
-       }
-
-       function Hsl(h, s, l, opacity) {
-         this.h = +h;
-         this.s = +s;
-         this.l = +l;
-         this.opacity = +opacity;
-       }
 
-       define$1(Hsl, hsl, extend(Color, {
-         brighter: function(k) {
-           k = k == null ? brighter : Math.pow(brighter, k);
-           return new Hsl(this.h, this.s, this.l * k, this.opacity);
-         },
-         darker: function(k) {
-           k = k == null ? darker : Math.pow(darker, k);
-           return new Hsl(this.h, this.s, this.l * k, this.opacity);
-         },
-         rgb: function() {
-           var h = this.h % 360 + (this.h < 0) * 360,
-               s = isNaN(h) || isNaN(this.s) ? 0 : this.s,
-               l = this.l,
-               m2 = l + (l < 0.5 ? l : 1 - l) * s,
-               m1 = 2 * l - m2;
-           return new Rgb(
-             hsl2rgb(h >= 240 ? h - 240 : h + 120, m1, m2),
-             hsl2rgb(h, m1, m2),
-             hsl2rgb(h < 120 ? h + 240 : h - 120, m1, m2),
-             this.opacity
-           );
-         },
-         displayable: function() {
-           return (0 <= this.s && this.s <= 1 || isNaN(this.s))
-               && (0 <= this.l && this.l <= 1)
-               && (0 <= this.opacity && this.opacity <= 1);
-         },
-         formatHsl: function() {
-           var a = this.opacity; a = isNaN(a) ? 1 : Math.max(0, Math.min(1, a));
-           return (a === 1 ? "hsl(" : "hsla(")
-               + (this.h || 0) + ", "
-               + (this.s || 0) * 100 + "%, "
-               + (this.l || 0) * 100 + "%"
-               + (a === 1 ? ")" : ", " + a + ")");
+         if (idx !== undefined) {
+           return {
+             index: idx,
+             distance: min,
+             target: target
+           };
+         } else {
+           return null;
          }
-       }));
-
-       /* From FvD 13.37, CSS Color Module Level 3 */
-       function hsl2rgb(h, m1, m2) {
-         return (h < 60 ? m1 + (m2 - m1) * h / 60
-             : h < 180 ? m2
-             : h < 240 ? m1 + (m2 - m1) * (240 - h) / 60
-             : m1) * 255;
        }
 
-       function constant$2(x) {
-         return function() {
-           return x;
-         };
-       }
+       // between the positive X axis and the line intersecting a and b.
 
-       function linear(a, d) {
-         return function(t) {
-           return a + t * d;
-         };
+       function geoAngle(a, b, projection) {
+         return geoVecAngle(projection(a.loc), projection(b.loc));
        }
+       function geoEdgeEqual(a, b) {
+         return a[0] === b[0] && a[1] === b[1] || a[0] === b[1] && a[1] === b[0];
+       } // Rotate all points counterclockwise around a pivot point by given angle
 
-       function exponential(a, b, y) {
-         return a = Math.pow(a, y), b = Math.pow(b, y) - a, y = 1 / y, function(t) {
-           return Math.pow(a + t * b, y);
-         };
-       }
+       function geoRotate(points, angle, around) {
+         return points.map(function (point) {
+           var radial = geoVecSubtract(point, around);
+           return [radial[0] * Math.cos(angle) - radial[1] * Math.sin(angle) + around[0], radial[0] * Math.sin(angle) + radial[1] * Math.cos(angle) + around[1]];
+         });
+       } // Choose the edge with the minimal distance from `point` to its orthogonal
+       // projection onto that edge, if such a projection exists, or the distance to
+       // the closest vertex on that edge. Returns an object with the `index` of the
+       // chosen edge, the chosen `loc` on that edge, and the `distance` to to it.
 
-       function gamma(y) {
-         return (y = +y) === 1 ? nogamma : function(a, b) {
-           return b - a ? exponential(a, b, y) : constant$2(isNaN(a) ? b : a);
-         };
-       }
+       function geoChooseEdge(nodes, point, projection, activeID) {
+         var dist = geoVecLength;
+         var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+           return projection(n.loc);
+         });
+         var ids = nodes.map(function (n) {
+           return n.id;
+         });
+         var min = Infinity;
+         var idx;
+         var loc;
+
+         for (var i = 0; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
+           if (ids[i] === activeID || ids[i + 1] === activeID) continue;
+           var o = points[i];
+           var s = geoVecSubtract(points[i + 1], o);
+           var v = geoVecSubtract(point, o);
+           var proj = geoVecDot(v, s) / geoVecDot(s, s);
+           var p;
+
+           if (proj < 0) {
+             p = o;
+           } else if (proj > 1) {
+             p = points[i + 1];
+           } else {
+             p = [o[0] + proj * s[0], o[1] + proj * s[1]];
+           }
 
-       function nogamma(a, b) {
-         var d = b - a;
-         return d ? linear(a, d) : constant$2(isNaN(a) ? b : a);
-       }
+           var d = dist(p, point);
 
-       var d3_interpolateRgb = (function rgbGamma(y) {
-         var color = gamma(y);
+           if (d < min) {
+             min = d;
+             idx = i + 1;
+             loc = projection.invert(p);
+           }
+         }
 
-         function rgb$1(start, end) {
-           var r = color((start = rgb(start)).r, (end = rgb(end)).r),
-               g = color(start.g, end.g),
-               b = color(start.b, end.b),
-               opacity = nogamma(start.opacity, end.opacity);
-           return function(t) {
-             start.r = r(t);
-             start.g = g(t);
-             start.b = b(t);
-             start.opacity = opacity(t);
-             return start + "";
+         if (idx !== undefined) {
+           return {
+             index: idx,
+             distance: min,
+             loc: loc
            };
+         } else {
+           return null;
          }
+       } // Test active (dragged or drawing) segments against inactive segments
+       // This is used to test e.g. multipolygon rings that cross
+       // `activeNodes` is the ring containing the activeID being dragged.
+       // `inactiveNodes` is the other ring to test against
 
-         rgb$1.gamma = rgbGamma;
+       function geoHasLineIntersections(activeNodes, inactiveNodes, activeID) {
+         var actives = [];
+         var inactives = [];
+         var j, k, n1, n2, segment; // gather active segments (only segments in activeNodes that contain the activeID)
 
-         return rgb$1;
-       })(1);
+         for (j = 0; j < activeNodes.length - 1; j++) {
+           n1 = activeNodes[j];
+           n2 = activeNodes[j + 1];
+           segment = [n1.loc, n2.loc];
 
-       function numberArray(a, b) {
-         if (!b) b = [];
-         var n = a ? Math.min(b.length, a.length) : 0,
-             c = b.slice(),
-             i;
-         return function(t) {
-           for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) c[i] = a[i] * (1 - t) + b[i] * t;
-           return c;
-         };
-       }
+           if (n1.id === activeID || n2.id === activeID) {
+             actives.push(segment);
+           }
+         } // gather inactive segments
 
-       function isNumberArray(x) {
-         return ArrayBuffer.isView(x) && !(x instanceof DataView);
-       }
 
-       function genericArray(a, b) {
-         var nb = b ? b.length : 0,
-             na = a ? Math.min(nb, a.length) : 0,
-             x = new Array(na),
-             c = new Array(nb),
-             i;
+         for (j = 0; j < inactiveNodes.length - 1; j++) {
+           n1 = inactiveNodes[j];
+           n2 = inactiveNodes[j + 1];
+           segment = [n1.loc, n2.loc];
+           inactives.push(segment);
+         } // test
 
-         for (i = 0; i < na; ++i) x[i] = interpolate(a[i], b[i]);
-         for (; i < nb; ++i) c[i] = b[i];
 
-         return function(t) {
-           for (i = 0; i < na; ++i) c[i] = x[i](t);
-           return c;
-         };
-       }
+         for (j = 0; j < actives.length; j++) {
+           for (k = 0; k < inactives.length; k++) {
+             var p = actives[j];
+             var q = inactives[k];
+             var hit = geoLineIntersection(p, q);
 
-       function date(a, b) {
-         var d = new Date;
-         return a = +a, b = +b, function(t) {
-           return d.setTime(a * (1 - t) + b * t), d;
-         };
-       }
+             if (hit) {
+               return true;
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-       function d3_interpolateNumber(a, b) {
-         return a = +a, b = +b, function(t) {
-           return a * (1 - t) + b * t;
-         };
-       }
+         return false;
+       } // Test active (dragged or drawing) segments against inactive segments
+       // This is used to test whether a way intersects with itself.
 
-       function object(a, b) {
-         var i = {},
-             c = {},
-             k;
+       function geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, activeID) {
+         var actives = [];
+         var inactives = [];
+         var j, k; // group active and passive segments along the nodes
 
-         if (a === null || typeof a !== "object") a = {};
-         if (b === null || typeof b !== "object") b = {};
+         for (j = 0; j < nodes.length - 1; j++) {
+           var n1 = nodes[j];
+           var n2 = nodes[j + 1];
+           var segment = [n1.loc, n2.loc];
 
-         for (k in b) {
-           if (k in a) {
-             i[k] = interpolate(a[k], b[k]);
+           if (n1.id === activeID || n2.id === activeID) {
+             actives.push(segment);
            } else {
-             c[k] = b[k];
+             inactives.push(segment);
            }
-         }
+         } // test
 
-         return function(t) {
-           for (k in i) c[k] = i[k](t);
-           return c;
-         };
-       }
-
-       var reA = /[-+]?(?:\d+\.?\d*|\.?\d+)(?:[eE][-+]?\d+)?/g,
-           reB = new RegExp(reA.source, "g");
 
-       function zero(b) {
-         return function() {
-           return b;
-         };
-       }
+         for (j = 0; j < actives.length; j++) {
+           for (k = 0; k < inactives.length; k++) {
+             var p = actives[j];
+             var q = inactives[k]; // skip if segments share an endpoint
 
-       function one(b) {
-         return function(t) {
-           return b(t) + "";
-         };
-       }
+             if (geoVecEqual(p[1], q[0]) || geoVecEqual(p[0], q[1]) || geoVecEqual(p[0], q[0]) || geoVecEqual(p[1], q[1])) {
+               continue;
+             }
 
-       function interpolateString(a, b) {
-         var bi = reA.lastIndex = reB.lastIndex = 0, // scan index for next number in b
-             am, // current match in a
-             bm, // current match in b
-             bs, // string preceding current number in b, if any
-             i = -1, // index in s
-             s = [], // string constants and placeholders
-             q = []; // number interpolators
+             var hit = geoLineIntersection(p, q);
 
-         // Coerce inputs to strings.
-         a = a + "", b = b + "";
+             if (hit) {
+               var epsilon = 1e-8; // skip if the hit is at the segment's endpoint
 
-         // Interpolate pairs of numbers in a & b.
-         while ((am = reA.exec(a))
-             && (bm = reB.exec(b))) {
-           if ((bs = bm.index) > bi) { // a string precedes the next number in b
-             bs = b.slice(bi, bs);
-             if (s[i]) s[i] += bs; // coalesce with previous string
-             else s[++i] = bs;
-           }
-           if ((am = am[0]) === (bm = bm[0])) { // numbers in a & b match
-             if (s[i]) s[i] += bm; // coalesce with previous string
-             else s[++i] = bm;
-           } else { // interpolate non-matching numbers
-             s[++i] = null;
-             q.push({i: i, x: d3_interpolateNumber(am, bm)});
+               if (geoVecEqual(p[1], hit, epsilon) || geoVecEqual(p[0], hit, epsilon) || geoVecEqual(q[1], hit, epsilon) || geoVecEqual(q[0], hit, epsilon)) {
+                 continue;
+               } else {
+                 return true;
+               }
+             }
            }
-           bi = reB.lastIndex;
          }
 
-         // Add remains of b.
-         if (bi < b.length) {
-           bs = b.slice(bi);
-           if (s[i]) s[i] += bs; // coalesce with previous string
-           else s[++i] = bs;
-         }
+         return false;
+       } // Return the intersection point of 2 line segments.
+       // From https://github.com/pgkelley4/line-segments-intersect
+       // This uses the vector cross product approach described below:
+       //  http://stackoverflow.com/a/565282/786339
 
-         // Special optimization for only a single match.
-         // Otherwise, interpolate each of the numbers and rejoin the string.
-         return s.length < 2 ? (q[0]
-             ? one(q[0].x)
-             : zero(b))
-             : (b = q.length, function(t) {
-                 for (var i = 0, o; i < b; ++i) s[(o = q[i]).i] = o.x(t);
-                 return s.join("");
-               });
-       }
+       function geoLineIntersection(a, b) {
+         var p = [a[0][0], a[0][1]];
+         var p2 = [a[1][0], a[1][1]];
+         var q = [b[0][0], b[0][1]];
+         var q2 = [b[1][0], b[1][1]];
+         var r = geoVecSubtract(p2, p);
+         var s = geoVecSubtract(q2, q);
+         var uNumerator = geoVecCross(geoVecSubtract(q, p), r);
+         var denominator = geoVecCross(r, s);
 
-       function interpolate(a, b) {
-         var t = typeof b, c;
-         return b == null || t === "boolean" ? constant$2(b)
-             : (t === "number" ? d3_interpolateNumber
-             : t === "string" ? ((c = color(b)) ? (b = c, d3_interpolateRgb) : interpolateString)
-             : b instanceof color ? d3_interpolateRgb
-             : b instanceof Date ? date
-             : isNumberArray(b) ? numberArray
-             : Array.isArray(b) ? genericArray
-             : typeof b.valueOf !== "function" && typeof b.toString !== "function" || isNaN(b) ? object
-             : d3_interpolateNumber)(a, b);
-       }
+         if (uNumerator && denominator) {
+           var u = uNumerator / denominator;
+           var t = geoVecCross(geoVecSubtract(q, p), s) / denominator;
 
-       function interpolateRound(a, b) {
-         return a = +a, b = +b, function(t) {
-           return Math.round(a * (1 - t) + b * t);
-         };
+           if (t >= 0 && t <= 1 && u >= 0 && u <= 1) {
+             return geoVecInterp(p, p2, t);
+           }
+         }
+
+         return null;
        }
+       function geoPathIntersections(path1, path2) {
+         var intersections = [];
 
-       var degrees$1 = 180 / Math.PI;
+         for (var i = 0; i < path1.length - 1; i++) {
+           for (var j = 0; j < path2.length - 1; j++) {
+             var a = [path1[i], path1[i + 1]];
+             var b = [path2[j], path2[j + 1]];
+             var hit = geoLineIntersection(a, b);
 
-       var identity$1 = {
-         translateX: 0,
-         translateY: 0,
-         rotate: 0,
-         skewX: 0,
-         scaleX: 1,
-         scaleY: 1
-       };
+             if (hit) {
+               intersections.push(hit);
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-       function decompose(a, b, c, d, e, f) {
-         var scaleX, scaleY, skewX;
-         if (scaleX = Math.sqrt(a * a + b * b)) a /= scaleX, b /= scaleX;
-         if (skewX = a * c + b * d) c -= a * skewX, d -= b * skewX;
-         if (scaleY = Math.sqrt(c * c + d * d)) c /= scaleY, d /= scaleY, skewX /= scaleY;
-         if (a * d < b * c) a = -a, b = -b, skewX = -skewX, scaleX = -scaleX;
-         return {
-           translateX: e,
-           translateY: f,
-           rotate: Math.atan2(b, a) * degrees$1,
-           skewX: Math.atan(skewX) * degrees$1,
-           scaleX: scaleX,
-           scaleY: scaleY
-         };
+         return intersections;
        }
+       function geoPathHasIntersections(path1, path2) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < path1.length - 1; i++) {
+           for (var j = 0; j < path2.length - 1; j++) {
+             var a = [path1[i], path1[i + 1]];
+             var b = [path2[j], path2[j + 1]];
+             var hit = geoLineIntersection(a, b);
 
-       var cssNode,
-           cssRoot,
-           cssView,
-           svgNode;
-
-       function parseCss(value) {
-         if (value === "none") return identity$1;
-         if (!cssNode) cssNode = document.createElement("DIV"), cssRoot = document.documentElement, cssView = document.defaultView;
-         cssNode.style.transform = value;
-         value = cssView.getComputedStyle(cssRoot.appendChild(cssNode), null).getPropertyValue("transform");
-         cssRoot.removeChild(cssNode);
-         value = value.slice(7, -1).split(",");
-         return decompose(+value[0], +value[1], +value[2], +value[3], +value[4], +value[5]);
-       }
+             if (hit) {
+               return true;
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-       function parseSvg(value) {
-         if (value == null) return identity$1;
-         if (!svgNode) svgNode = document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg", "g");
-         svgNode.setAttribute("transform", value);
-         if (!(value = svgNode.transform.baseVal.consolidate())) return identity$1;
-         value = value.matrix;
-         return decompose(value.a, value.b, value.c, value.d, value.e, value.f);
-       }
+         return false;
+       } // Return whether point is contained in polygon.
+       //
+       // `point` should be a 2-item array of coordinates.
+       // `polygon` should be an array of 2-item arrays of coordinates.
+       //
+       // From https://github.com/substack/point-in-polygon.
+       // ray-casting algorithm based on
+       // http://www.ecse.rpi.edu/Homepages/wrf/Research/Short_Notes/pnpoly.html
+       //
 
-       function interpolateTransform(parse, pxComma, pxParen, degParen) {
+       function geoPointInPolygon(point, polygon) {
+         var x = point[0];
+         var y = point[1];
+         var inside = false;
 
-         function pop(s) {
-           return s.length ? s.pop() + " " : "";
+         for (var i = 0, j = polygon.length - 1; i < polygon.length; j = i++) {
+           var xi = polygon[i][0];
+           var yi = polygon[i][1];
+           var xj = polygon[j][0];
+           var yj = polygon[j][1];
+           var intersect = yi > y !== yj > y && x < (xj - xi) * (y - yi) / (yj - yi) + xi;
+           if (intersect) inside = !inside;
          }
 
-         function translate(xa, ya, xb, yb, s, q) {
-           if (xa !== xb || ya !== yb) {
-             var i = s.push("translate(", null, pxComma, null, pxParen);
-             q.push({i: i - 4, x: d3_interpolateNumber(xa, xb)}, {i: i - 2, x: d3_interpolateNumber(ya, yb)});
-           } else if (xb || yb) {
-             s.push("translate(" + xb + pxComma + yb + pxParen);
-           }
+         return inside;
+       }
+       function geoPolygonContainsPolygon(outer, inner) {
+         return inner.every(function (point) {
+           return geoPointInPolygon(point, outer);
+         });
+       }
+       function geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(outer, inner, checkSegments) {
+         function testPoints(outer, inner) {
+           return inner.some(function (point) {
+             return geoPointInPolygon(point, outer);
+           });
          }
 
-         function rotate(a, b, s, q) {
-           if (a !== b) {
-             if (a - b > 180) b += 360; else if (b - a > 180) a += 360; // shortest path
-             q.push({i: s.push(pop(s) + "rotate(", null, degParen) - 2, x: d3_interpolateNumber(a, b)});
-           } else if (b) {
-             s.push(pop(s) + "rotate(" + b + degParen);
-           }
-         }
+         return testPoints(outer, inner) || !!checkSegments && geoPathHasIntersections(outer, inner);
+       } // http://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/22895/finding-minimum-area-rectangle-for-given-points
+       // http://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/3739/generalisation-strategies-for-building-outlines/3756#3756
 
-         function skewX(a, b, s, q) {
-           if (a !== b) {
-             q.push({i: s.push(pop(s) + "skewX(", null, degParen) - 2, x: d3_interpolateNumber(a, b)});
-           } else if (b) {
-             s.push(pop(s) + "skewX(" + b + degParen);
-           }
-         }
+       function geoGetSmallestSurroundingRectangle(points) {
+         var hull = d3_polygonHull(points);
+         var centroid = d3_polygonCentroid(hull);
+         var minArea = Infinity;
+         var ssrExtent = [];
+         var ssrAngle = 0;
+         var c1 = hull[0];
 
-         function scale(xa, ya, xb, yb, s, q) {
-           if (xa !== xb || ya !== yb) {
-             var i = s.push(pop(s) + "scale(", null, ",", null, ")");
-             q.push({i: i - 4, x: d3_interpolateNumber(xa, xb)}, {i: i - 2, x: d3_interpolateNumber(ya, yb)});
-           } else if (xb !== 1 || yb !== 1) {
-             s.push(pop(s) + "scale(" + xb + "," + yb + ")");
+         for (var i = 0; i <= hull.length - 1; i++) {
+           var c2 = i === hull.length - 1 ? hull[0] : hull[i + 1];
+           var angle = Math.atan2(c2[1] - c1[1], c2[0] - c1[0]);
+           var poly = geoRotate(hull, -angle, centroid);
+           var extent = poly.reduce(function (extent, point) {
+             return extent.extend(geoExtent(point));
+           }, geoExtent());
+           var area = extent.area();
+
+           if (area < minArea) {
+             minArea = area;
+             ssrExtent = extent;
+             ssrAngle = angle;
            }
+
+           c1 = c2;
          }
 
-         return function(a, b) {
-           var s = [], // string constants and placeholders
-               q = []; // number interpolators
-           a = parse(a), b = parse(b);
-           translate(a.translateX, a.translateY, b.translateX, b.translateY, s, q);
-           rotate(a.rotate, b.rotate, s, q);
-           skewX(a.skewX, b.skewX, s, q);
-           scale(a.scaleX, a.scaleY, b.scaleX, b.scaleY, s, q);
-           a = b = null; // gc
-           return function(t) {
-             var i = -1, n = q.length, o;
-             while (++i < n) s[(o = q[i]).i] = o.x(t);
-             return s.join("");
-           };
+         return {
+           poly: geoRotate(ssrExtent.polygon(), ssrAngle, centroid),
+           angle: ssrAngle
          };
        }
+       function geoPathLength(path) {
+         var length = 0;
 
-       var interpolateTransformCss = interpolateTransform(parseCss, "px, ", "px)", "deg)");
-       var interpolateTransformSvg = interpolateTransform(parseSvg, ", ", ")", ")");
+         for (var i = 0; i < path.length - 1; i++) {
+           length += geoVecLength(path[i], path[i + 1]);
+         }
 
-       var rho = Math.SQRT2,
-           rho2 = 2,
-           rho4 = 4,
-           epsilon2$1 = 1e-12;
+         return length;
+       } // If the given point is at the edge of the padded viewport,
+       // return a vector that will nudge the viewport in that direction
 
-       function cosh(x) {
-         return ((x = Math.exp(x)) + 1 / x) / 2;
-       }
+       function geoViewportEdge(point, dimensions) {
+         var pad = [80, 20, 50, 20]; // top, right, bottom, left
 
-       function sinh(x) {
-         return ((x = Math.exp(x)) - 1 / x) / 2;
-       }
+         var x = 0;
+         var y = 0;
 
-       function tanh(x) {
-         return ((x = Math.exp(2 * x)) - 1) / (x + 1);
-       }
+         if (point[0] > dimensions[0] - pad[1]) {
+           x = -10;
+         }
 
-       // p0 = [ux0, uy0, w0]
-       // p1 = [ux1, uy1, w1]
-       function interpolateZoom(p0, p1) {
-         var ux0 = p0[0], uy0 = p0[1], w0 = p0[2],
-             ux1 = p1[0], uy1 = p1[1], w1 = p1[2],
-             dx = ux1 - ux0,
-             dy = uy1 - uy0,
-             d2 = dx * dx + dy * dy,
-             i,
-             S;
-
-         // Special case for u0 ≅ u1.
-         if (d2 < epsilon2$1) {
-           S = Math.log(w1 / w0) / rho;
-           i = function(t) {
-             return [
-               ux0 + t * dx,
-               uy0 + t * dy,
-               w0 * Math.exp(rho * t * S)
-             ];
-           };
+         if (point[0] < pad[3]) {
+           x = 10;
          }
 
-         // General case.
-         else {
-           var d1 = Math.sqrt(d2),
-               b0 = (w1 * w1 - w0 * w0 + rho4 * d2) / (2 * w0 * rho2 * d1),
-               b1 = (w1 * w1 - w0 * w0 - rho4 * d2) / (2 * w1 * rho2 * d1),
-               r0 = Math.log(Math.sqrt(b0 * b0 + 1) - b0),
-               r1 = Math.log(Math.sqrt(b1 * b1 + 1) - b1);
-           S = (r1 - r0) / rho;
-           i = function(t) {
-             var s = t * S,
-                 coshr0 = cosh(r0),
-                 u = w0 / (rho2 * d1) * (coshr0 * tanh(rho * s + r0) - sinh(r0));
-             return [
-               ux0 + u * dx,
-               uy0 + u * dy,
-               w0 * coshr0 / cosh(rho * s + r0)
-             ];
-           };
+         if (point[1] > dimensions[1] - pad[2]) {
+           y = -10;
          }
 
-         i.duration = S * 1000;
+         if (point[1] < pad[0]) {
+           y = 10;
+         }
 
-         return i;
+         if (x || y) {
+           return [x, y];
+         } else {
+           return null;
+         }
        }
 
-       function d3_quantize(interpolator, n) {
-         var samples = new Array(n);
-         for (var i = 0; i < n; ++i) samples[i] = interpolator(i / (n - 1));
-         return samples;
-       }
+       var noop = {
+         value: function value() {}
+       };
 
-       var frame = 0, // is an animation frame pending?
-           timeout = 0, // is a timeout pending?
-           interval = 0, // are any timers active?
-           pokeDelay = 1000, // how frequently we check for clock skew
-           taskHead,
-           taskTail,
-           clockLast = 0,
-           clockNow = 0,
-           clockSkew = 0,
-           clock = typeof performance === "object" && performance.now ? performance : Date,
-           setFrame = typeof window === "object" && window.requestAnimationFrame ? window.requestAnimationFrame.bind(window) : function(f) { setTimeout(f, 17); };
+       function dispatch$8() {
+         for (var i = 0, n = arguments.length, _ = {}, t; i < n; ++i) {
+           if (!(t = arguments[i] + "") || t in _ || /[\s.]/.test(t)) throw new Error("illegal type: " + t);
+           _[t] = [];
+         }
 
-       function now() {
-         return clockNow || (setFrame(clearNow), clockNow = clock.now() + clockSkew);
+         return new Dispatch(_);
        }
 
-       function clearNow() {
-         clockNow = 0;
+       function Dispatch(_) {
+         this._ = _;
        }
 
-       function Timer() {
-         this._call =
-         this._time =
-         this._next = null;
+       function parseTypenames$1(typenames, types) {
+         return typenames.trim().split(/^|\s+/).map(function (t) {
+           var name = "",
+               i = t.indexOf(".");
+           if (i >= 0) name = t.slice(i + 1), t = t.slice(0, i);
+           if (t && !types.hasOwnProperty(t)) throw new Error("unknown type: " + t);
+           return {
+             type: t,
+             name: name
+           };
+         });
        }
 
-       Timer.prototype = timer.prototype = {
-         constructor: Timer,
-         restart: function(callback, delay, time) {
-           if (typeof callback !== "function") throw new TypeError("callback is not a function");
-           time = (time == null ? now() : +time) + (delay == null ? 0 : +delay);
-           if (!this._next && taskTail !== this) {
-             if (taskTail) taskTail._next = this;
-             else taskHead = this;
-             taskTail = this;
+       Dispatch.prototype = dispatch$8.prototype = {
+         constructor: Dispatch,
+         on: function on(typename, callback) {
+           var _ = this._,
+               T = parseTypenames$1(typename + "", _),
+               t,
+               i = -1,
+               n = T.length; // If no callback was specified, return the callback of the given type and name.
+
+           if (arguments.length < 2) {
+             while (++i < n) {
+               if ((t = (typename = T[i]).type) && (t = get$2(_[t], typename.name))) return t;
+             }
+
+             return;
+           } // If a type was specified, set the callback for the given type and name.
+           // Otherwise, if a null callback was specified, remove callbacks of the given name.
+
+
+           if (callback != null && typeof callback !== "function") throw new Error("invalid callback: " + callback);
+
+           while (++i < n) {
+             if (t = (typename = T[i]).type) _[t] = set$1(_[t], typename.name, callback);else if (callback == null) for (t in _) {
+               _[t] = set$1(_[t], typename.name, null);
+             }
            }
-           this._call = callback;
-           this._time = time;
-           sleep();
+
+           return this;
          },
-         stop: function() {
-           if (this._call) {
-             this._call = null;
-             this._time = Infinity;
-             sleep();
+         copy: function copy() {
+           var copy = {},
+               _ = this._;
+
+           for (var t in _) {
+             copy[t] = _[t].slice();
            }
-         }
-       };
 
-       function timer(callback, delay, time) {
-         var t = new Timer;
-         t.restart(callback, delay, time);
-         return t;
-       }
+           return new Dispatch(copy);
+         },
+         call: function call(type, that) {
+           if ((n = arguments.length - 2) > 0) for (var args = new Array(n), i = 0, n, t; i < n; ++i) {
+             args[i] = arguments[i + 2];
+           }
+           if (!this._.hasOwnProperty(type)) throw new Error("unknown type: " + type);
 
-       function timerFlush() {
-         now(); // Get the current time, if not already set.
-         ++frame; // Pretend we’ve set an alarm, if we haven’t already.
-         var t = taskHead, e;
-         while (t) {
-           if ((e = clockNow - t._time) >= 0) t._call.call(null, e);
-           t = t._next;
-         }
-         --frame;
-       }
+           for (t = this._[type], i = 0, n = t.length; i < n; ++i) {
+             t[i].value.apply(that, args);
+           }
+         },
+         apply: function apply(type, that, args) {
+           if (!this._.hasOwnProperty(type)) throw new Error("unknown type: " + type);
 
-       function wake() {
-         clockNow = (clockLast = clock.now()) + clockSkew;
-         frame = timeout = 0;
-         try {
-           timerFlush();
-         } finally {
-           frame = 0;
-           nap();
-           clockNow = 0;
+           for (var t = this._[type], i = 0, n = t.length; i < n; ++i) {
+             t[i].value.apply(that, args);
+           }
          }
-       }
-
-       function poke() {
-         var now = clock.now(), delay = now - clockLast;
-         if (delay > pokeDelay) clockSkew -= delay, clockLast = now;
-       }
+       };
 
-       function nap() {
-         var t0, t1 = taskHead, t2, time = Infinity;
-         while (t1) {
-           if (t1._call) {
-             if (time > t1._time) time = t1._time;
-             t0 = t1, t1 = t1._next;
-           } else {
-             t2 = t1._next, t1._next = null;
-             t1 = t0 ? t0._next = t2 : taskHead = t2;
+       function get$2(type, name) {
+         for (var i = 0, n = type.length, c; i < n; ++i) {
+           if ((c = type[i]).name === name) {
+             return c.value;
            }
          }
-         taskTail = t0;
-         sleep(time);
        }
 
-       function sleep(time) {
-         if (frame) return; // Soonest alarm already set, or will be.
-         if (timeout) timeout = clearTimeout(timeout);
-         var delay = time - clockNow; // Strictly less than if we recomputed clockNow.
-         if (delay > 24) {
-           if (time < Infinity) timeout = setTimeout(wake, time - clock.now() - clockSkew);
-           if (interval) interval = clearInterval(interval);
-         } else {
-           if (!interval) clockLast = clock.now(), interval = setInterval(poke, pokeDelay);
-           frame = 1, setFrame(wake);
+       function set$1(type, name, callback) {
+         for (var i = 0, n = type.length; i < n; ++i) {
+           if (type[i].name === name) {
+             type[i] = noop, type = type.slice(0, i).concat(type.slice(i + 1));
+             break;
+           }
          }
-       }
 
-       function d3_timeout(callback, delay, time) {
-         var t = new Timer;
-         delay = delay == null ? 0 : +delay;
-         t.restart(function(elapsed) {
-           t.stop();
-           callback(elapsed + delay);
-         }, delay, time);
-         return t;
+         if (callback != null) type.push({
+           name: name,
+           value: callback
+         });
+         return type;
        }
 
-       var emptyOn = dispatch("start", "end", "cancel", "interrupt");
-       var emptyTween = [];
-
-       var CREATED = 0;
-       var SCHEDULED = 1;
-       var STARTING = 2;
-       var STARTED = 3;
-       var RUNNING = 4;
-       var ENDING = 5;
-       var ENDED = 6;
+       var xhtml = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml";
+       var namespaces = {
+         svg: "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",
+         xhtml: xhtml,
+         xlink: "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink",
+         xml: "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace",
+         xmlns: "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/"
+       };
 
-       function schedule(node, name, id, index, group, timing) {
-         var schedules = node.__transition;
-         if (!schedules) node.__transition = {};
-         else if (id in schedules) return;
-         create$7(node, id, {
-           name: name,
-           index: index, // For context during callback.
-           group: group, // For context during callback.
-           on: emptyOn,
-           tween: emptyTween,
-           time: timing.time,
-           delay: timing.delay,
-           duration: timing.duration,
-           ease: timing.ease,
-           timer: null,
-           state: CREATED
-         });
+       function namespace (name) {
+         var prefix = name += "",
+             i = prefix.indexOf(":");
+         if (i >= 0 && (prefix = name.slice(0, i)) !== "xmlns") name = name.slice(i + 1);
+         return namespaces.hasOwnProperty(prefix) ? {
+           space: namespaces[prefix],
+           local: name
+         } : name; // eslint-disable-line no-prototype-builtins
        }
 
-       function init(node, id) {
-         var schedule = get$2(node, id);
-         if (schedule.state > CREATED) throw new Error("too late; already scheduled");
-         return schedule;
+       function creatorInherit(name) {
+         return function () {
+           var document = this.ownerDocument,
+               uri = this.namespaceURI;
+           return uri === xhtml && document.documentElement.namespaceURI === xhtml ? document.createElement(name) : document.createElementNS(uri, name);
+         };
        }
 
-       function set$1(node, id) {
-         var schedule = get$2(node, id);
-         if (schedule.state > STARTED) throw new Error("too late; already running");
-         return schedule;
+       function creatorFixed(fullname) {
+         return function () {
+           return this.ownerDocument.createElementNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
+         };
        }
 
-       function get$2(node, id) {
-         var schedule = node.__transition;
-         if (!schedule || !(schedule = schedule[id])) throw new Error("transition not found");
-         return schedule;
+       function creator (name) {
+         var fullname = namespace(name);
+         return (fullname.local ? creatorFixed : creatorInherit)(fullname);
        }
 
-       function create$7(node, id, self) {
-         var schedules = node.__transition,
-             tween;
+       function none() {}
 
-         // Initialize the self timer when the transition is created.
-         // Note the actual delay is not known until the first callback!
-         schedules[id] = self;
-         self.timer = timer(schedule, 0, self.time);
+       function selector (selector) {
+         return selector == null ? none : function () {
+           return this.querySelector(selector);
+         };
+       }
 
-         function schedule(elapsed) {
-           self.state = SCHEDULED;
-           self.timer.restart(start, self.delay, self.time);
+       function selection_select (select) {
+         if (typeof select !== "function") select = selector(select);
 
-           // If the elapsed delay is less than our first sleep, start immediately.
-           if (self.delay <= elapsed) start(elapsed - self.delay);
+         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, subgroup = subgroups[j] = new Array(n), node, subnode, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             if ((node = group[i]) && (subnode = select.call(node, node.__data__, i, group))) {
+               if ("__data__" in node) subnode.__data__ = node.__data__;
+               subgroup[i] = subnode;
+             }
+           }
          }
 
-         function start(elapsed) {
-           var i, j, n, o;
-
-           // If the state is not SCHEDULED, then we previously errored on start.
-           if (self.state !== SCHEDULED) return stop();
-
-           for (i in schedules) {
-             o = schedules[i];
-             if (o.name !== self.name) continue;
+         return new Selection$1(subgroups, this._parents);
+       }
 
-             // While this element already has a starting transition during this frame,
-             // defer starting an interrupting transition until that transition has a
-             // chance to tick (and possibly end); see d3/d3-transition#54!
-             if (o.state === STARTED) return d3_timeout(start);
+       function array (x) {
+         return _typeof(x) === "object" && "length" in x ? x // Array, TypedArray, NodeList, array-like
+         : Array.from(x); // Map, Set, iterable, string, or anything else
+       }
 
-             // Interrupt the active transition, if any.
-             if (o.state === RUNNING) {
-               o.state = ENDED;
-               o.timer.stop();
-               o.on.call("interrupt", node, node.__data__, o.index, o.group);
-               delete schedules[i];
-             }
+       function empty() {
+         return [];
+       }
 
-             // Cancel any pre-empted transitions.
-             else if (+i < id) {
-               o.state = ENDED;
-               o.timer.stop();
-               o.on.call("cancel", node, node.__data__, o.index, o.group);
-               delete schedules[i];
-             }
-           }
+       function selectorAll (selector) {
+         return selector == null ? empty : function () {
+           return this.querySelectorAll(selector);
+         };
+       }
 
-           // Defer the first tick to end of the current frame; see d3/d3#1576.
-           // Note the transition may be canceled after start and before the first tick!
-           // Note this must be scheduled before the start event; see d3/d3-transition#16!
-           // Assuming this is successful, subsequent callbacks go straight to tick.
-           d3_timeout(function() {
-             if (self.state === STARTED) {
-               self.state = RUNNING;
-               self.timer.restart(tick, self.delay, self.time);
-               tick(elapsed);
-             }
-           });
+       function arrayAll(select) {
+         return function () {
+           var group = select.apply(this, arguments);
+           return group == null ? [] : array(group);
+         };
+       }
 
-           // Dispatch the start event.
-           // Note this must be done before the tween are initialized.
-           self.state = STARTING;
-           self.on.call("start", node, node.__data__, self.index, self.group);
-           if (self.state !== STARTING) return; // interrupted
-           self.state = STARTED;
+       function selection_selectAll (select) {
+         if (typeof select === "function") select = arrayAll(select);else select = selectorAll(select);
 
-           // Initialize the tween, deleting null tween.
-           tween = new Array(n = self.tween.length);
-           for (i = 0, j = -1; i < n; ++i) {
-             if (o = self.tween[i].value.call(node, node.__data__, self.index, self.group)) {
-               tween[++j] = o;
+         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = [], parents = [], j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             if (node = group[i]) {
+               subgroups.push(select.call(node, node.__data__, i, group));
+               parents.push(node);
              }
            }
-           tween.length = j + 1;
-         }
-
-         function tick(elapsed) {
-           var t = elapsed < self.duration ? self.ease.call(null, elapsed / self.duration) : (self.timer.restart(stop), self.state = ENDING, 1),
-               i = -1,
-               n = tween.length;
-
-           while (++i < n) {
-             tween[i].call(node, t);
-           }
-
-           // Dispatch the end event.
-           if (self.state === ENDING) {
-             self.on.call("end", node, node.__data__, self.index, self.group);
-             stop();
-           }
          }
 
-         function stop() {
-           self.state = ENDED;
-           self.timer.stop();
-           delete schedules[id];
-           for (var i in schedules) return; // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars
-           delete node.__transition;
-         }
+         return new Selection$1(subgroups, parents);
        }
 
-       function interrupt(node, name) {
-         var schedules = node.__transition,
-             schedule,
-             active,
-             empty = true,
-             i;
+       var $$u = _export;
+       var $find = arrayIteration.find;
+       var addToUnscopables$3 = addToUnscopables$6;
 
-         if (!schedules) return;
+       var FIND = 'find';
+       var SKIPS_HOLES$1 = true;
 
-         name = name == null ? null : name + "";
+       // Shouldn't skip holes
+       if (FIND in []) Array(1)[FIND](function () { SKIPS_HOLES$1 = false; });
 
-         for (i in schedules) {
-           if ((schedule = schedules[i]).name !== name) { empty = false; continue; }
-           active = schedule.state > STARTING && schedule.state < ENDING;
-           schedule.state = ENDED;
-           schedule.timer.stop();
-           schedule.on.call(active ? "interrupt" : "cancel", node, node.__data__, schedule.index, schedule.group);
-           delete schedules[i];
+       // `Array.prototype.find` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.find
+       $$u({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: SKIPS_HOLES$1 }, {
+         find: function find(callbackfn /* , that = undefined */) {
+           return $find(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
          }
+       });
 
-         if (empty) delete node.__transition;
-       }
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
+       addToUnscopables$3(FIND);
 
-       function selection_interrupt(name) {
-         return this.each(function() {
-           interrupt(this, name);
-         });
+       function matcher (selector) {
+         return function () {
+           return this.matches(selector);
+         };
+       }
+       function childMatcher(selector) {
+         return function (node) {
+           return node.matches(selector);
+         };
        }
 
-       function tweenRemove(id, name) {
-         var tween0, tween1;
-         return function() {
-           var schedule = set$1(this, id),
-               tween = schedule.tween;
-
-           // If this node shared tween with the previous node,
-           // just assign the updated shared tween and we’re done!
-           // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
-           if (tween !== tween0) {
-             tween1 = tween0 = tween;
-             for (var i = 0, n = tween1.length; i < n; ++i) {
-               if (tween1[i].name === name) {
-                 tween1 = tween1.slice();
-                 tween1.splice(i, 1);
-                 break;
-               }
-             }
-           }
+       var find = Array.prototype.find;
 
-           schedule.tween = tween1;
+       function childFind(match) {
+         return function () {
+           return find.call(this.children, match);
          };
        }
 
-       function tweenFunction(id, name, value) {
-         var tween0, tween1;
-         if (typeof value !== "function") throw new Error;
-         return function() {
-           var schedule = set$1(this, id),
-               tween = schedule.tween;
+       function childFirst() {
+         return this.firstElementChild;
+       }
 
-           // If this node shared tween with the previous node,
-           // just assign the updated shared tween and we’re done!
-           // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
-           if (tween !== tween0) {
-             tween1 = (tween0 = tween).slice();
-             for (var t = {name: name, value: value}, i = 0, n = tween1.length; i < n; ++i) {
-               if (tween1[i].name === name) {
-                 tween1[i] = t;
-                 break;
-               }
-             }
-             if (i === n) tween1.push(t);
-           }
+       function selection_selectChild (match) {
+         return this.select(match == null ? childFirst : childFind(typeof match === "function" ? match : childMatcher(match)));
+       }
 
-           schedule.tween = tween1;
+       var filter = Array.prototype.filter;
+
+       function children() {
+         return this.children;
+       }
+
+       function childrenFilter(match) {
+         return function () {
+           return filter.call(this.children, match);
          };
        }
 
-       function transition_tween(name, value) {
-         var id = this._id;
+       function selection_selectChildren (match) {
+         return this.selectAll(match == null ? children : childrenFilter(typeof match === "function" ? match : childMatcher(match)));
+       }
 
-         name += "";
+       function selection_filter (match) {
+         if (typeof match !== "function") match = matcher(match);
 
-         if (arguments.length < 2) {
-           var tween = get$2(this.node(), id).tween;
-           for (var i = 0, n = tween.length, t; i < n; ++i) {
-             if ((t = tween[i]).name === name) {
-               return t.value;
+         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, subgroup = subgroups[j] = [], node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             if ((node = group[i]) && match.call(node, node.__data__, i, group)) {
+               subgroup.push(node);
              }
            }
-           return null;
          }
 
-         return this.each((value == null ? tweenRemove : tweenFunction)(id, name, value));
+         return new Selection$1(subgroups, this._parents);
        }
 
-       function tweenValue(transition, name, value) {
-         var id = transition._id;
-
-         transition.each(function() {
-           var schedule = set$1(this, id);
-           (schedule.value || (schedule.value = {}))[name] = value.apply(this, arguments);
-         });
-
-         return function(node) {
-           return get$2(node, id).value[name];
-         };
+       function sparse (update) {
+         return new Array(update.length);
        }
 
-       function interpolate$1(a, b) {
-         var c;
-         return (typeof b === "number" ? d3_interpolateNumber
-             : b instanceof color ? d3_interpolateRgb
-             : (c = color(b)) ? (b = c, d3_interpolateRgb)
-             : interpolateString)(a, b);
+       function selection_enter () {
+         return new Selection$1(this._enter || this._groups.map(sparse), this._parents);
        }
-
-       function attrRemove$1(name) {
-         return function() {
-           this.removeAttribute(name);
-         };
-       }
-
-       function attrRemoveNS$1(fullname) {
-         return function() {
-           this.removeAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
-         };
-       }
-
-       function attrConstant$1(name, interpolate, value1) {
-         var string00,
-             string1 = value1 + "",
-             interpolate0;
-         return function() {
-           var string0 = this.getAttribute(name);
-           return string0 === string1 ? null
-               : string0 === string00 ? interpolate0
-               : interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1);
-         };
-       }
-
-       function attrConstantNS$1(fullname, interpolate, value1) {
-         var string00,
-             string1 = value1 + "",
-             interpolate0;
-         return function() {
-           var string0 = this.getAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
-           return string0 === string1 ? null
-               : string0 === string00 ? interpolate0
-               : interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1);
-         };
-       }
-
-       function attrFunction$1(name, interpolate, value) {
-         var string00,
-             string10,
-             interpolate0;
-         return function() {
-           var string0, value1 = value(this), string1;
-           if (value1 == null) return void this.removeAttribute(name);
-           string0 = this.getAttribute(name);
-           string1 = value1 + "";
-           return string0 === string1 ? null
-               : string0 === string00 && string1 === string10 ? interpolate0
-               : (string10 = string1, interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1));
-         };
+       function EnterNode(parent, datum) {
+         this.ownerDocument = parent.ownerDocument;
+         this.namespaceURI = parent.namespaceURI;
+         this._next = null;
+         this._parent = parent;
+         this.__data__ = datum;
        }
+       EnterNode.prototype = {
+         constructor: EnterNode,
+         appendChild: function appendChild(child) {
+           return this._parent.insertBefore(child, this._next);
+         },
+         insertBefore: function insertBefore(child, next) {
+           return this._parent.insertBefore(child, next);
+         },
+         querySelector: function querySelector(selector) {
+           return this._parent.querySelector(selector);
+         },
+         querySelectorAll: function querySelectorAll(selector) {
+           return this._parent.querySelectorAll(selector);
+         }
+       };
 
-       function attrFunctionNS$1(fullname, interpolate, value) {
-         var string00,
-             string10,
-             interpolate0;
-         return function() {
-           var string0, value1 = value(this), string1;
-           if (value1 == null) return void this.removeAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
-           string0 = this.getAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
-           string1 = value1 + "";
-           return string0 === string1 ? null
-               : string0 === string00 && string1 === string10 ? interpolate0
-               : (string10 = string1, interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1));
+       function constant$3 (x) {
+         return function () {
+           return x;
          };
        }
 
-       function transition_attr(name, value) {
-         var fullname = namespace(name), i = fullname === "transform" ? interpolateTransformSvg : interpolate$1;
-         return this.attrTween(name, typeof value === "function"
-             ? (fullname.local ? attrFunctionNS$1 : attrFunction$1)(fullname, i, tweenValue(this, "attr." + name, value))
-             : value == null ? (fullname.local ? attrRemoveNS$1 : attrRemove$1)(fullname)
-             : (fullname.local ? attrConstantNS$1 : attrConstant$1)(fullname, i, value));
-       }
+       function bindIndex(parent, group, enter, update, exit, data) {
+         var i = 0,
+             node,
+             groupLength = group.length,
+             dataLength = data.length; // Put any non-null nodes that fit into update.
+         // Put any null nodes into enter.
+         // Put any remaining data into enter.
 
-       function attrInterpolate(name, i) {
-         return function(t) {
-           this.setAttribute(name, i.call(this, t));
-         };
-       }
+         for (; i < dataLength; ++i) {
+           if (node = group[i]) {
+             node.__data__ = data[i];
+             update[i] = node;
+           } else {
+             enter[i] = new EnterNode(parent, data[i]);
+           }
+         } // Put any non-null nodes that don’t fit into exit.
 
-       function attrInterpolateNS(fullname, i) {
-         return function(t) {
-           this.setAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local, i.call(this, t));
-         };
-       }
 
-       function attrTweenNS(fullname, value) {
-         var t0, i0;
-         function tween() {
-           var i = value.apply(this, arguments);
-           if (i !== i0) t0 = (i0 = i) && attrInterpolateNS(fullname, i);
-           return t0;
+         for (; i < groupLength; ++i) {
+           if (node = group[i]) {
+             exit[i] = node;
+           }
          }
-         tween._value = value;
-         return tween;
        }
 
-       function attrTween(name, value) {
-         var t0, i0;
-         function tween() {
-           var i = value.apply(this, arguments);
-           if (i !== i0) t0 = (i0 = i) && attrInterpolate(name, i);
-           return t0;
-         }
-         tween._value = value;
-         return tween;
-       }
+       function bindKey(parent, group, enter, update, exit, data, key) {
+         var i,
+             node,
+             nodeByKeyValue = new Map(),
+             groupLength = group.length,
+             dataLength = data.length,
+             keyValues = new Array(groupLength),
+             keyValue; // Compute the key for each node.
+         // If multiple nodes have the same key, the duplicates are added to exit.
 
-       function transition_attrTween(name, value) {
-         var key = "attr." + name;
-         if (arguments.length < 2) return (key = this.tween(key)) && key._value;
-         if (value == null) return this.tween(key, null);
-         if (typeof value !== "function") throw new Error;
-         var fullname = namespace(name);
-         return this.tween(key, (fullname.local ? attrTweenNS : attrTween)(fullname, value));
-       }
+         for (i = 0; i < groupLength; ++i) {
+           if (node = group[i]) {
+             keyValues[i] = keyValue = key.call(node, node.__data__, i, group) + "";
 
-       function delayFunction(id, value) {
-         return function() {
-           init(this, id).delay = +value.apply(this, arguments);
-         };
-       }
+             if (nodeByKeyValue.has(keyValue)) {
+               exit[i] = node;
+             } else {
+               nodeByKeyValue.set(keyValue, node);
+             }
+           }
+         } // Compute the key for each datum.
+         // If there a node associated with this key, join and add it to update.
+         // If there is not (or the key is a duplicate), add it to enter.
 
-       function delayConstant(id, value) {
-         return value = +value, function() {
-           init(this, id).delay = value;
-         };
-       }
 
-       function transition_delay(value) {
-         var id = this._id;
+         for (i = 0; i < dataLength; ++i) {
+           keyValue = key.call(parent, data[i], i, data) + "";
 
-         return arguments.length
-             ? this.each((typeof value === "function"
-                 ? delayFunction
-                 : delayConstant)(id, value))
-             : get$2(this.node(), id).delay;
-       }
+           if (node = nodeByKeyValue.get(keyValue)) {
+             update[i] = node;
+             node.__data__ = data[i];
+             nodeByKeyValue["delete"](keyValue);
+           } else {
+             enter[i] = new EnterNode(parent, data[i]);
+           }
+         } // Add any remaining nodes that were not bound to data to exit.
 
-       function durationFunction(id, value) {
-         return function() {
-           set$1(this, id).duration = +value.apply(this, arguments);
-         };
-       }
 
-       function durationConstant(id, value) {
-         return value = +value, function() {
-           set$1(this, id).duration = value;
-         };
+         for (i = 0; i < groupLength; ++i) {
+           if ((node = group[i]) && nodeByKeyValue.get(keyValues[i]) === node) {
+             exit[i] = node;
+           }
+         }
        }
 
-       function transition_duration(value) {
-         var id = this._id;
-
-         return arguments.length
-             ? this.each((typeof value === "function"
-                 ? durationFunction
-                 : durationConstant)(id, value))
-             : get$2(this.node(), id).duration;
+       function datum(node) {
+         return node.__data__;
        }
 
-       function easeConstant(id, value) {
-         if (typeof value !== "function") throw new Error;
-         return function() {
-           set$1(this, id).ease = value;
-         };
-       }
+       function selection_data (value, key) {
+         if (!arguments.length) return Array.from(this, datum);
+         var bind = key ? bindKey : bindIndex,
+             parents = this._parents,
+             groups = this._groups;
+         if (typeof value !== "function") value = constant$3(value);
 
-       function transition_ease(value) {
-         var id = this._id;
+         for (var m = groups.length, update = new Array(m), enter = new Array(m), exit = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+           var parent = parents[j],
+               group = groups[j],
+               groupLength = group.length,
+               data = array(value.call(parent, parent && parent.__data__, j, parents)),
+               dataLength = data.length,
+               enterGroup = enter[j] = new Array(dataLength),
+               updateGroup = update[j] = new Array(dataLength),
+               exitGroup = exit[j] = new Array(groupLength);
+           bind(parent, group, enterGroup, updateGroup, exitGroup, data, key); // Now connect the enter nodes to their following update node, such that
+           // appendChild can insert the materialized enter node before this node,
+           // rather than at the end of the parent node.
 
-         return arguments.length
-             ? this.each(easeConstant(id, value))
-             : get$2(this.node(), id).ease;
-       }
+           for (var i0 = 0, i1 = 0, previous, next; i0 < dataLength; ++i0) {
+             if (previous = enterGroup[i0]) {
+               if (i0 >= i1) i1 = i0 + 1;
 
-       function transition_filter(match) {
-         if (typeof match !== "function") match = matcher(match);
+               while (!(next = updateGroup[i1]) && ++i1 < dataLength) {
+               }
 
-         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
-           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, subgroup = subgroups[j] = [], node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-             if ((node = group[i]) && match.call(node, node.__data__, i, group)) {
-               subgroup.push(node);
+               previous._next = next || null;
              }
            }
          }
 
-         return new Transition(subgroups, this._parents, this._name, this._id);
+         update = new Selection$1(update, parents);
+         update._enter = enter;
+         update._exit = exit;
+         return update;
        }
 
-       function transition_merge(transition) {
-         if (transition._id !== this._id) throw new Error;
+       function selection_exit () {
+         return new Selection$1(this._exit || this._groups.map(sparse), this._parents);
+       }
 
-         for (var groups0 = this._groups, groups1 = transition._groups, m0 = groups0.length, m1 = groups1.length, m = Math.min(m0, m1), merges = new Array(m0), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+       function selection_join (onenter, onupdate, onexit) {
+         var enter = this.enter(),
+             update = this,
+             exit = this.exit();
+         enter = typeof onenter === "function" ? onenter(enter) : enter.append(onenter + "");
+         if (onupdate != null) update = onupdate(update);
+         if (onexit == null) exit.remove();else onexit(exit);
+         return enter && update ? enter.merge(update).order() : update;
+       }
+
+       function selection_merge (selection) {
+         if (!(selection instanceof Selection$1)) throw new Error("invalid merge");
+
+         for (var groups0 = this._groups, groups1 = selection._groups, m0 = groups0.length, m1 = groups1.length, m = Math.min(m0, m1), merges = new Array(m0), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group0 = groups0[j], group1 = groups1[j], n = group0.length, merge = merges[j] = new Array(n), node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if (node = group0[i] || group1[i]) {
                merge[i] = node;
            merges[j] = groups0[j];
          }
 
-         return new Transition(merges, this._parents, this._name, this._id);
+         return new Selection$1(merges, this._parents);
        }
 
-       function start(name) {
-         return (name + "").trim().split(/^|\s+/).every(function(t) {
-           var i = t.indexOf(".");
-           if (i >= 0) t = t.slice(0, i);
-           return !t || t === "start";
-         });
+       function selection_order () {
+         for (var groups = this._groups, j = -1, m = groups.length; ++j < m;) {
+           for (var group = groups[j], i = group.length - 1, next = group[i], node; --i >= 0;) {
+             if (node = group[i]) {
+               if (next && node.compareDocumentPosition(next) ^ 4) next.parentNode.insertBefore(node, next);
+               next = node;
+             }
+           }
+         }
+
+         return this;
        }
 
-       function onFunction(id, name, listener) {
-         var on0, on1, sit = start(name) ? init : set$1;
-         return function() {
-           var schedule = sit(this, id),
-               on = schedule.on;
+       function selection_sort (compare) {
+         if (!compare) compare = ascending;
 
-           // If this node shared a dispatch with the previous node,
-           // just assign the updated shared dispatch and we’re done!
-           // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
-           if (on !== on0) (on1 = (on0 = on).copy()).on(name, listener);
+         function compareNode(a, b) {
+           return a && b ? compare(a.__data__, b.__data__) : !a - !b;
+         }
 
-           schedule.on = on1;
-         };
-       }
+         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, sortgroups = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, sortgroup = sortgroups[j] = new Array(n), node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             if (node = group[i]) {
+               sortgroup[i] = node;
+             }
+           }
 
-       function transition_on(name, listener) {
-         var id = this._id;
+           sortgroup.sort(compareNode);
+         }
 
-         return arguments.length < 2
-             ? get$2(this.node(), id).on.on(name)
-             : this.each(onFunction(id, name, listener));
+         return new Selection$1(sortgroups, this._parents).order();
        }
 
-       function removeFunction(id) {
-         return function() {
-           var parent = this.parentNode;
-           for (var i in this.__transition) if (+i !== id) return;
-           if (parent) parent.removeChild(this);
-         };
+       function ascending(a, b) {
+         return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : a >= b ? 0 : NaN;
        }
 
-       function transition_remove() {
-         return this.on("end.remove", removeFunction(this._id));
+       function selection_call () {
+         var callback = arguments[0];
+         arguments[0] = this;
+         callback.apply(null, arguments);
+         return this;
        }
 
-       function transition_select(select) {
-         var name = this._name,
-             id = this._id;
-
-         if (typeof select !== "function") select = selector(select);
+       function selection_nodes () {
+         return Array.from(this);
+       }
 
-         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
-           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, subgroup = subgroups[j] = new Array(n), node, subnode, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-             if ((node = group[i]) && (subnode = select.call(node, node.__data__, i, group))) {
-               if ("__data__" in node) subnode.__data__ = node.__data__;
-               subgroup[i] = subnode;
-               schedule(subgroup[i], name, id, i, subgroup, get$2(node, id));
-             }
+       function selection_node () {
+         for (var groups = this._groups, j = 0, m = groups.length; j < m; ++j) {
+           for (var group = groups[j], i = 0, n = group.length; i < n; ++i) {
+             var node = group[i];
+             if (node) return node;
            }
          }
 
-         return new Transition(subgroups, this._parents, name, id);
+         return null;
        }
 
-       function transition_selectAll(select) {
-         var name = this._name,
-             id = this._id;
+       function selection_size () {
+         var size = 0;
 
-         if (typeof select !== "function") select = selectorAll(select);
+         var _iterator = _createForOfIteratorHelper(this),
+             _step;
 
-         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = [], parents = [], j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
-           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-             if (node = group[i]) {
-               for (var children = select.call(node, node.__data__, i, group), child, inherit = get$2(node, id), k = 0, l = children.length; k < l; ++k) {
-                 if (child = children[k]) {
-                   schedule(child, name, id, k, children, inherit);
-                 }
-               }
-               subgroups.push(children);
-               parents.push(node);
-             }
-           }
+         try {
+           for (_iterator.s(); !(_step = _iterator.n()).done;) {
+             var node = _step.value;
+             ++size;
+           } // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars
+
+         } catch (err) {
+           _iterator.e(err);
+         } finally {
+           _iterator.f();
          }
 
-         return new Transition(subgroups, parents, name, id);
+         return size;
        }
 
-       var Selection$1 = selection.prototype.constructor;
-
-       function transition_selection() {
-         return new Selection$1(this._groups, this._parents);
+       function selection_empty () {
+         return !this.node();
        }
 
-       function styleNull(name, interpolate) {
-         var string00,
-             string10,
-             interpolate0;
-         return function() {
-           var string0 = styleValue(this, name),
-               string1 = (this.style.removeProperty(name), styleValue(this, name));
-           return string0 === string1 ? null
-               : string0 === string00 && string1 === string10 ? interpolate0
-               : interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, string10 = string1);
-         };
+       function selection_each (callback) {
+         for (var groups = this._groups, j = 0, m = groups.length; j < m; ++j) {
+           for (var group = groups[j], i = 0, n = group.length, node; i < n; ++i) {
+             if (node = group[i]) callback.call(node, node.__data__, i, group);
+           }
+         }
+
+         return this;
        }
 
-       function styleRemove$1(name) {
-         return function() {
-           this.style.removeProperty(name);
+       function attrRemove$1(name) {
+         return function () {
+           this.removeAttribute(name);
          };
        }
 
-       function styleConstant$1(name, interpolate, value1) {
-         var string00,
-             string1 = value1 + "",
-             interpolate0;
-         return function() {
-           var string0 = styleValue(this, name);
-           return string0 === string1 ? null
-               : string0 === string00 ? interpolate0
-               : interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1);
+       function attrRemoveNS$1(fullname) {
+         return function () {
+           this.removeAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
          };
        }
 
-       function styleFunction$1(name, interpolate, value) {
-         var string00,
-             string10,
-             interpolate0;
-         return function() {
-           var string0 = styleValue(this, name),
-               value1 = value(this),
-               string1 = value1 + "";
-           if (value1 == null) string1 = value1 = (this.style.removeProperty(name), styleValue(this, name));
-           return string0 === string1 ? null
-               : string0 === string00 && string1 === string10 ? interpolate0
-               : (string10 = string1, interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1));
+       function attrConstant$1(name, value) {
+         return function () {
+           this.setAttribute(name, value);
          };
        }
 
-       function styleMaybeRemove(id, name) {
-         var on0, on1, listener0, key = "style." + name, event = "end." + key, remove;
-         return function() {
-           var schedule = set$1(this, id),
-               on = schedule.on,
-               listener = schedule.value[key] == null ? remove || (remove = styleRemove$1(name)) : undefined;
-
-           // If this node shared a dispatch with the previous node,
-           // just assign the updated shared dispatch and we’re done!
-           // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
-           if (on !== on0 || listener0 !== listener) (on1 = (on0 = on).copy()).on(event, listener0 = listener);
-
-           schedule.on = on1;
+       function attrConstantNS$1(fullname, value) {
+         return function () {
+           this.setAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local, value);
          };
        }
 
-       function transition_style(name, value, priority) {
-         var i = (name += "") === "transform" ? interpolateTransformCss : interpolate$1;
-         return value == null ? this
-             .styleTween(name, styleNull(name, i))
-             .on("end.style." + name, styleRemove$1(name))
-           : typeof value === "function" ? this
-             .styleTween(name, styleFunction$1(name, i, tweenValue(this, "style." + name, value)))
-             .each(styleMaybeRemove(this._id, name))
-           : this
-             .styleTween(name, styleConstant$1(name, i, value), priority)
-             .on("end.style." + name, null);
+       function attrFunction$1(name, value) {
+         return function () {
+           var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
+           if (v == null) this.removeAttribute(name);else this.setAttribute(name, v);
+         };
        }
 
-       function styleInterpolate(name, i, priority) {
-         return function(t) {
-           this.style.setProperty(name, i.call(this, t), priority);
+       function attrFunctionNS$1(fullname, value) {
+         return function () {
+           var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
+           if (v == null) this.removeAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);else this.setAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local, v);
          };
        }
 
-       function styleTween(name, value, priority) {
-         var t, i0;
-         function tween() {
-           var i = value.apply(this, arguments);
-           if (i !== i0) t = (i0 = i) && styleInterpolate(name, i, priority);
-           return t;
+       function selection_attr (name, value) {
+         var fullname = namespace(name);
+
+         if (arguments.length < 2) {
+           var node = this.node();
+           return fullname.local ? node.getAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local) : node.getAttribute(fullname);
          }
-         tween._value = value;
-         return tween;
-       }
 
-       function transition_styleTween(name, value, priority) {
-         var key = "style." + (name += "");
-         if (arguments.length < 2) return (key = this.tween(key)) && key._value;
-         if (value == null) return this.tween(key, null);
-         if (typeof value !== "function") throw new Error;
-         return this.tween(key, styleTween(name, value, priority == null ? "" : priority));
+         return this.each((value == null ? fullname.local ? attrRemoveNS$1 : attrRemove$1 : typeof value === "function" ? fullname.local ? attrFunctionNS$1 : attrFunction$1 : fullname.local ? attrConstantNS$1 : attrConstant$1)(fullname, value));
        }
 
-       function textConstant$1(value) {
-         return function() {
-           this.textContent = value;
-         };
+       function defaultView (node) {
+         return node.ownerDocument && node.ownerDocument.defaultView // node is a Node
+         || node.document && node // node is a Window
+         || node.defaultView; // node is a Document
        }
 
-       function textFunction$1(value) {
-         return function() {
-           var value1 = value(this);
-           this.textContent = value1 == null ? "" : value1;
+       function styleRemove$1(name) {
+         return function () {
+           this.style.removeProperty(name);
          };
        }
 
-       function transition_text(value) {
-         return this.tween("text", typeof value === "function"
-             ? textFunction$1(tweenValue(this, "text", value))
-             : textConstant$1(value == null ? "" : value + ""));
+       function styleConstant$1(name, value, priority) {
+         return function () {
+           this.style.setProperty(name, value, priority);
+         };
        }
 
-       function textInterpolate(i) {
-         return function(t) {
-           this.textContent = i.call(this, t);
+       function styleFunction$1(name, value, priority) {
+         return function () {
+           var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
+           if (v == null) this.style.removeProperty(name);else this.style.setProperty(name, v, priority);
          };
        }
 
-       function textTween(value) {
-         var t0, i0;
-         function tween() {
-           var i = value.apply(this, arguments);
-           if (i !== i0) t0 = (i0 = i) && textInterpolate(i);
-           return t0;
-         }
-         tween._value = value;
-         return tween;
+       function selection_style (name, value, priority) {
+         return arguments.length > 1 ? this.each((value == null ? styleRemove$1 : typeof value === "function" ? styleFunction$1 : styleConstant$1)(name, value, priority == null ? "" : priority)) : styleValue(this.node(), name);
        }
-
-       function transition_textTween(value) {
-         var key = "text";
-         if (arguments.length < 1) return (key = this.tween(key)) && key._value;
-         if (value == null) return this.tween(key, null);
-         if (typeof value !== "function") throw new Error;
-         return this.tween(key, textTween(value));
+       function styleValue(node, name) {
+         return node.style.getPropertyValue(name) || defaultView(node).getComputedStyle(node, null).getPropertyValue(name);
        }
 
-       function transition_transition() {
-         var name = this._name,
-             id0 = this._id,
-             id1 = newId();
-
-         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
-           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-             if (node = group[i]) {
-               var inherit = get$2(node, id0);
-               schedule(node, name, id1, i, group, {
-                 time: inherit.time + inherit.delay + inherit.duration,
-                 delay: 0,
-                 duration: inherit.duration,
-                 ease: inherit.ease
-               });
-             }
-           }
-         }
-
-         return new Transition(groups, this._parents, name, id1);
+       function propertyRemove(name) {
+         return function () {
+           delete this[name];
+         };
        }
 
-       function transition_end() {
-         var on0, on1, that = this, id = that._id, size = that.size();
-         return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
-           var cancel = {value: reject},
-               end = {value: function() { if (--size === 0) resolve(); }};
-
-           that.each(function() {
-             var schedule = set$1(this, id),
-                 on = schedule.on;
-
-             // If this node shared a dispatch with the previous node,
-             // just assign the updated shared dispatch and we’re done!
-             // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
-             if (on !== on0) {
-               on1 = (on0 = on).copy();
-               on1._.cancel.push(cancel);
-               on1._.interrupt.push(cancel);
-               on1._.end.push(end);
-             }
-
-             schedule.on = on1;
-           });
-         });
+       function propertyConstant(name, value) {
+         return function () {
+           this[name] = value;
+         };
        }
 
-       var id$3 = 0;
+       function propertyFunction(name, value) {
+         return function () {
+           var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
+           if (v == null) delete this[name];else this[name] = v;
+         };
+       }
 
-       function Transition(groups, parents, name, id) {
-         this._groups = groups;
-         this._parents = parents;
-         this._name = name;
-         this._id = id;
+       function selection_property (name, value) {
+         return arguments.length > 1 ? this.each((value == null ? propertyRemove : typeof value === "function" ? propertyFunction : propertyConstant)(name, value)) : this.node()[name];
        }
 
-       function transition(name) {
-         return selection().transition(name);
+       function classArray(string) {
+         return string.trim().split(/^|\s+/);
        }
 
-       function newId() {
-         return ++id$3;
+       function classList(node) {
+         return node.classList || new ClassList(node);
        }
 
-       var selection_prototype = selection.prototype;
+       function ClassList(node) {
+         this._node = node;
+         this._names = classArray(node.getAttribute("class") || "");
+       }
 
-       Transition.prototype = transition.prototype = {
-         constructor: Transition,
-         select: transition_select,
-         selectAll: transition_selectAll,
-         filter: transition_filter,
-         merge: transition_merge,
-         selection: transition_selection,
-         transition: transition_transition,
-         call: selection_prototype.call,
-         nodes: selection_prototype.nodes,
-         node: selection_prototype.node,
-         size: selection_prototype.size,
-         empty: selection_prototype.empty,
-         each: selection_prototype.each,
-         on: transition_on,
-         attr: transition_attr,
-         attrTween: transition_attrTween,
-         style: transition_style,
-         styleTween: transition_styleTween,
-         text: transition_text,
-         textTween: transition_textTween,
-         remove: transition_remove,
-         tween: transition_tween,
-         delay: transition_delay,
-         duration: transition_duration,
-         ease: transition_ease,
-         end: transition_end
-       };
+       ClassList.prototype = {
+         add: function add(name) {
+           var i = this._names.indexOf(name);
 
-       function linear$1(t) {
-         return +t;
-       }
+           if (i < 0) {
+             this._names.push(name);
 
-       function cubicInOut(t) {
-         return ((t *= 2) <= 1 ? t * t * t : (t -= 2) * t * t + 2) / 2;
-       }
+             this._node.setAttribute("class", this._names.join(" "));
+           }
+         },
+         remove: function remove(name) {
+           var i = this._names.indexOf(name);
 
-       var defaultTiming = {
-         time: null, // Set on use.
-         delay: 0,
-         duration: 250,
-         ease: cubicInOut
-       };
+           if (i >= 0) {
+             this._names.splice(i, 1);
 
-       function inherit(node, id) {
-         var timing;
-         while (!(timing = node.__transition) || !(timing = timing[id])) {
-           if (!(node = node.parentNode)) {
-             return defaultTiming.time = now(), defaultTiming;
+             this._node.setAttribute("class", this._names.join(" "));
            }
+         },
+         contains: function contains(name) {
+           return this._names.indexOf(name) >= 0;
          }
-         return timing;
-       }
+       };
 
-       function selection_transition(name) {
-         var id,
-             timing;
+       function classedAdd(node, names) {
+         var list = classList(node),
+             i = -1,
+             n = names.length;
 
-         if (name instanceof Transition) {
-           id = name._id, name = name._name;
-         } else {
-           id = newId(), (timing = defaultTiming).time = now(), name = name == null ? null : name + "";
+         while (++i < n) {
+           list.add(names[i]);
          }
+       }
 
-         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
-           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-             if (node = group[i]) {
-               schedule(node, name, id, i, group, timing || inherit(node, id));
-             }
-           }
-         }
+       function classedRemove(node, names) {
+         var list = classList(node),
+             i = -1,
+             n = names.length;
 
-         return new Transition(groups, this._parents, name, id);
+         while (++i < n) {
+           list.remove(names[i]);
+         }
        }
 
-       selection.prototype.interrupt = selection_interrupt;
-       selection.prototype.transition = selection_transition;
-
-       function constant$3(x) {
-         return function() {
-           return x;
+       function classedTrue(names) {
+         return function () {
+           classedAdd(this, names);
          };
        }
 
-       function ZoomEvent(target, type, transform) {
-         this.target = target;
-         this.type = type;
-         this.transform = transform;
+       function classedFalse(names) {
+         return function () {
+           classedRemove(this, names);
+         };
        }
 
-       function Transform(k, x, y) {
-         this.k = k;
-         this.x = x;
-         this.y = y;
+       function classedFunction(names, value) {
+         return function () {
+           (value.apply(this, arguments) ? classedAdd : classedRemove)(this, names);
+         };
        }
 
-       Transform.prototype = {
-         constructor: Transform,
-         scale: function(k) {
-           return k === 1 ? this : new Transform(this.k * k, this.x, this.y);
-         },
-         translate: function(x, y) {
-           return x === 0 & y === 0 ? this : new Transform(this.k, this.x + this.k * x, this.y + this.k * y);
-         },
-         apply: function(point) {
-           return [point[0] * this.k + this.x, point[1] * this.k + this.y];
-         },
-         applyX: function(x) {
-           return x * this.k + this.x;
-         },
-         applyY: function(y) {
-           return y * this.k + this.y;
-         },
-         invert: function(location) {
-           return [(location[0] - this.x) / this.k, (location[1] - this.y) / this.k];
-         },
-         invertX: function(x) {
-           return (x - this.x) / this.k;
-         },
-         invertY: function(y) {
-           return (y - this.y) / this.k;
-         },
-         rescaleX: function(x) {
-           return x.copy().domain(x.range().map(this.invertX, this).map(x.invert, x));
-         },
-         rescaleY: function(y) {
-           return y.copy().domain(y.range().map(this.invertY, this).map(y.invert, y));
-         },
-         toString: function() {
-           return "translate(" + this.x + "," + this.y + ") scale(" + this.k + ")";
-         }
-       };
+       function selection_classed (name, value) {
+         var names = classArray(name + "");
 
-       var identity$2 = new Transform(1, 0, 0);
+         if (arguments.length < 2) {
+           var list = classList(this.node()),
+               i = -1,
+               n = names.length;
 
-       function nopropagation$1() {
-         event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-       }
+           while (++i < n) {
+             if (!list.contains(names[i])) return false;
+           }
 
-       function noevent$1() {
-         event.preventDefault();
-         event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-       }
+           return true;
+         }
 
-       // Ignore right-click, since that should open the context menu.
-       function defaultFilter$1() {
-         return !event.ctrlKey && !event.button;
+         return this.each((typeof value === "function" ? classedFunction : value ? classedTrue : classedFalse)(names, value));
        }
 
-       function defaultExtent() {
-         var e = this;
-         if (e instanceof SVGElement) {
-           e = e.ownerSVGElement || e;
-           if (e.hasAttribute("viewBox")) {
-             e = e.viewBox.baseVal;
-             return [[e.x, e.y], [e.x + e.width, e.y + e.height]];
-           }
-           return [[0, 0], [e.width.baseVal.value, e.height.baseVal.value]];
-         }
-         return [[0, 0], [e.clientWidth, e.clientHeight]];
+       function textRemove() {
+         this.textContent = "";
        }
 
-       function defaultTransform() {
-         return this.__zoom || identity$2;
+       function textConstant$1(value) {
+         return function () {
+           this.textContent = value;
+         };
        }
 
-       function defaultWheelDelta() {
-         return -event.deltaY * (event.deltaMode === 1 ? 0.05 : event.deltaMode ? 1 : 0.002);
+       function textFunction$1(value) {
+         return function () {
+           var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
+           this.textContent = v == null ? "" : v;
+         };
        }
 
-       function defaultTouchable$1() {
-         return navigator.maxTouchPoints || ("ontouchstart" in this);
+       function selection_text (value) {
+         return arguments.length ? this.each(value == null ? textRemove : (typeof value === "function" ? textFunction$1 : textConstant$1)(value)) : this.node().textContent;
        }
 
-       function defaultConstrain(transform, extent, translateExtent) {
-         var dx0 = transform.invertX(extent[0][0]) - translateExtent[0][0],
-             dx1 = transform.invertX(extent[1][0]) - translateExtent[1][0],
-             dy0 = transform.invertY(extent[0][1]) - translateExtent[0][1],
-             dy1 = transform.invertY(extent[1][1]) - translateExtent[1][1];
-         return transform.translate(
-           dx1 > dx0 ? (dx0 + dx1) / 2 : Math.min(0, dx0) || Math.max(0, dx1),
-           dy1 > dy0 ? (dy0 + dy1) / 2 : Math.min(0, dy0) || Math.max(0, dy1)
-         );
+       function htmlRemove() {
+         this.innerHTML = "";
        }
 
-       function d3_zoom() {
-         var filter = defaultFilter$1,
-             extent = defaultExtent,
-             constrain = defaultConstrain,
-             wheelDelta = defaultWheelDelta,
-             touchable = defaultTouchable$1,
-             scaleExtent = [0, Infinity],
-             translateExtent = [[-Infinity, -Infinity], [Infinity, Infinity]],
-             duration = 250,
-             interpolate = interpolateZoom,
-             listeners = dispatch("start", "zoom", "end"),
-             touchstarting,
-             touchending,
-             touchDelay = 500,
-             wheelDelay = 150,
-             clickDistance2 = 0;
-
-         function zoom(selection) {
-           selection
-               .property("__zoom", defaultTransform)
-               .on("wheel.zoom", wheeled)
-               .on("mousedown.zoom", mousedowned)
-               .on("dblclick.zoom", dblclicked)
-             .filter(touchable)
-               .on("touchstart.zoom", touchstarted)
-               .on("touchmove.zoom", touchmoved)
-               .on("touchend.zoom touchcancel.zoom", touchended)
-               .style("touch-action", "none")
-               .style("-webkit-tap-highlight-color", "rgba(0,0,0,0)");
-         }
-
-         zoom.transform = function(collection, transform, point) {
-           var selection = collection.selection ? collection.selection() : collection;
-           selection.property("__zoom", defaultTransform);
-           if (collection !== selection) {
-             schedule(collection, transform, point);
-           } else {
-             selection.interrupt().each(function() {
-               gesture(this, arguments)
-                   .start()
-                   .zoom(null, typeof transform === "function" ? transform.apply(this, arguments) : transform)
-                   .end();
-             });
-           }
-         };
-
-         zoom.scaleBy = function(selection, k, p) {
-           zoom.scaleTo(selection, function() {
-             var k0 = this.__zoom.k,
-                 k1 = typeof k === "function" ? k.apply(this, arguments) : k;
-             return k0 * k1;
-           }, p);
+       function htmlConstant(value) {
+         return function () {
+           this.innerHTML = value;
          };
+       }
 
-         zoom.scaleTo = function(selection, k, p) {
-           zoom.transform(selection, function() {
-             var e = extent.apply(this, arguments),
-                 t0 = this.__zoom,
-                 p0 = p == null ? centroid(e) : typeof p === "function" ? p.apply(this, arguments) : p,
-                 p1 = t0.invert(p0),
-                 k1 = typeof k === "function" ? k.apply(this, arguments) : k;
-             return constrain(translate(scale(t0, k1), p0, p1), e, translateExtent);
-           }, p);
+       function htmlFunction(value) {
+         return function () {
+           var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
+           this.innerHTML = v == null ? "" : v;
          };
+       }
 
-         zoom.translateBy = function(selection, x, y) {
-           zoom.transform(selection, function() {
-             return constrain(this.__zoom.translate(
-               typeof x === "function" ? x.apply(this, arguments) : x,
-               typeof y === "function" ? y.apply(this, arguments) : y
-             ), extent.apply(this, arguments), translateExtent);
-           });
-         };
+       function selection_html (value) {
+         return arguments.length ? this.each(value == null ? htmlRemove : (typeof value === "function" ? htmlFunction : htmlConstant)(value)) : this.node().innerHTML;
+       }
 
-         zoom.translateTo = function(selection, x, y, p) {
-           zoom.transform(selection, function() {
-             var e = extent.apply(this, arguments),
-                 t = this.__zoom,
-                 p0 = p == null ? centroid(e) : typeof p === "function" ? p.apply(this, arguments) : p;
-             return constrain(identity$2.translate(p0[0], p0[1]).scale(t.k).translate(
-               typeof x === "function" ? -x.apply(this, arguments) : -x,
-               typeof y === "function" ? -y.apply(this, arguments) : -y
-             ), e, translateExtent);
-           }, p);
-         };
+       function raise() {
+         if (this.nextSibling) this.parentNode.appendChild(this);
+       }
 
-         function scale(transform, k) {
-           k = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], k));
-           return k === transform.k ? transform : new Transform(k, transform.x, transform.y);
-         }
+       function selection_raise () {
+         return this.each(raise);
+       }
 
-         function translate(transform, p0, p1) {
-           var x = p0[0] - p1[0] * transform.k, y = p0[1] - p1[1] * transform.k;
-           return x === transform.x && y === transform.y ? transform : new Transform(transform.k, x, y);
-         }
+       function lower() {
+         if (this.previousSibling) this.parentNode.insertBefore(this, this.parentNode.firstChild);
+       }
 
-         function centroid(extent) {
-           return [(+extent[0][0] + +extent[1][0]) / 2, (+extent[0][1] + +extent[1][1]) / 2];
-         }
+       function selection_lower () {
+         return this.each(lower);
+       }
 
-         function schedule(transition, transform, point) {
-           transition
-               .on("start.zoom", function() { gesture(this, arguments).start(); })
-               .on("interrupt.zoom end.zoom", function() { gesture(this, arguments).end(); })
-               .tween("zoom", function() {
-                 var that = this,
-                     args = arguments,
-                     g = gesture(that, args),
-                     e = extent.apply(that, args),
-                     p = point == null ? centroid(e) : typeof point === "function" ? point.apply(that, args) : point,
-                     w = Math.max(e[1][0] - e[0][0], e[1][1] - e[0][1]),
-                     a = that.__zoom,
-                     b = typeof transform === "function" ? transform.apply(that, args) : transform,
-                     i = interpolate(a.invert(p).concat(w / a.k), b.invert(p).concat(w / b.k));
-                 return function(t) {
-                   if (t === 1) t = b; // Avoid rounding error on end.
-                   else { var l = i(t), k = w / l[2]; t = new Transform(k, p[0] - l[0] * k, p[1] - l[1] * k); }
-                   g.zoom(null, t);
-                 };
-               });
-         }
+       function selection_append (name) {
+         var create = typeof name === "function" ? name : creator(name);
+         return this.select(function () {
+           return this.appendChild(create.apply(this, arguments));
+         });
+       }
 
-         function gesture(that, args, clean) {
-           return (!clean && that.__zooming) || new Gesture(that, args);
-         }
+       function constantNull() {
+         return null;
+       }
 
-         function Gesture(that, args) {
-           this.that = that;
-           this.args = args;
-           this.active = 0;
-           this.extent = extent.apply(that, args);
-           this.taps = 0;
-         }
+       function selection_insert (name, before) {
+         var create = typeof name === "function" ? name : creator(name),
+             select = before == null ? constantNull : typeof before === "function" ? before : selector(before);
+         return this.select(function () {
+           return this.insertBefore(create.apply(this, arguments), select.apply(this, arguments) || null);
+         });
+       }
 
-         Gesture.prototype = {
-           start: function() {
-             if (++this.active === 1) {
-               this.that.__zooming = this;
-               this.emit("start");
-             }
-             return this;
-           },
-           zoom: function(key, transform) {
-             if (this.mouse && key !== "mouse") this.mouse[1] = transform.invert(this.mouse[0]);
-             if (this.touch0 && key !== "touch") this.touch0[1] = transform.invert(this.touch0[0]);
-             if (this.touch1 && key !== "touch") this.touch1[1] = transform.invert(this.touch1[0]);
-             this.that.__zoom = transform;
-             this.emit("zoom");
-             return this;
-           },
-           end: function() {
-             if (--this.active === 0) {
-               delete this.that.__zooming;
-               this.emit("end");
-             }
-             return this;
-           },
-           emit: function(type) {
-             customEvent(new ZoomEvent(zoom, type, this.that.__zoom), listeners.apply, listeners, [type, this.that, this.args]);
-           }
-         };
+       function remove$7() {
+         var parent = this.parentNode;
+         if (parent) parent.removeChild(this);
+       }
 
-         function wheeled() {
-           if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
-           var g = gesture(this, arguments),
-               t = this.__zoom,
-               k = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], t.k * Math.pow(2, wheelDelta.apply(this, arguments)))),
-               p = mouse(this);
+       function selection_remove () {
+         return this.each(remove$7);
+       }
 
-           // If the mouse is in the same location as before, reuse it.
-           // If there were recent wheel events, reset the wheel idle timeout.
-           if (g.wheel) {
-             if (g.mouse[0][0] !== p[0] || g.mouse[0][1] !== p[1]) {
-               g.mouse[1] = t.invert(g.mouse[0] = p);
-             }
-             clearTimeout(g.wheel);
-           }
+       function selection_cloneShallow() {
+         var clone = this.cloneNode(false),
+             parent = this.parentNode;
+         return parent ? parent.insertBefore(clone, this.nextSibling) : clone;
+       }
 
-           // If this wheel event won’t trigger a transform change, ignore it.
-           else if (t.k === k) return;
+       function selection_cloneDeep() {
+         var clone = this.cloneNode(true),
+             parent = this.parentNode;
+         return parent ? parent.insertBefore(clone, this.nextSibling) : clone;
+       }
 
-           // Otherwise, capture the mouse point and location at the start.
-           else {
-             g.mouse = [p, t.invert(p)];
-             interrupt(this);
-             g.start();
-           }
+       function selection_clone (deep) {
+         return this.select(deep ? selection_cloneDeep : selection_cloneShallow);
+       }
 
-           noevent$1();
-           g.wheel = setTimeout(wheelidled, wheelDelay);
-           g.zoom("mouse", constrain(translate(scale(t, k), g.mouse[0], g.mouse[1]), g.extent, translateExtent));
+       function selection_datum (value) {
+         return arguments.length ? this.property("__data__", value) : this.node().__data__;
+       }
 
-           function wheelidled() {
-             g.wheel = null;
-             g.end();
-           }
-         }
+       function contextListener(listener) {
+         return function (event) {
+           listener.call(this, event, this.__data__);
+         };
+       }
 
-         function mousedowned() {
-           if (touchending || !filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
-           var g = gesture(this, arguments, true),
-               v = select(event.view).on("mousemove.zoom", mousemoved, true).on("mouseup.zoom", mouseupped, true),
-               p = mouse(this),
-               x0 = event.clientX,
-               y0 = event.clientY;
+       function parseTypenames(typenames) {
+         return typenames.trim().split(/^|\s+/).map(function (t) {
+           var name = "",
+               i = t.indexOf(".");
+           if (i >= 0) name = t.slice(i + 1), t = t.slice(0, i);
+           return {
+             type: t,
+             name: name
+           };
+         });
+       }
 
-           dragDisable(event.view);
-           nopropagation$1();
-           g.mouse = [p, this.__zoom.invert(p)];
-           interrupt(this);
-           g.start();
+       function onRemove(typename) {
+         return function () {
+           var on = this.__on;
+           if (!on) return;
 
-           function mousemoved() {
-             noevent$1();
-             if (!g.moved) {
-               var dx = event.clientX - x0, dy = event.clientY - y0;
-               g.moved = dx * dx + dy * dy > clickDistance2;
+           for (var j = 0, i = -1, m = on.length, o; j < m; ++j) {
+             if (o = on[j], (!typename.type || o.type === typename.type) && o.name === typename.name) {
+               this.removeEventListener(o.type, o.listener, o.options);
+             } else {
+               on[++i] = o;
              }
-             g.zoom("mouse", constrain(translate(g.that.__zoom, g.mouse[0] = mouse(g.that), g.mouse[1]), g.extent, translateExtent));
-           }
-
-           function mouseupped() {
-             v.on("mousemove.zoom mouseup.zoom", null);
-             yesdrag(event.view, g.moved);
-             noevent$1();
-             g.end();
            }
-         }
 
-         function dblclicked() {
-           if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
-           var t0 = this.__zoom,
-               p0 = mouse(this),
-               p1 = t0.invert(p0),
-               k1 = t0.k * (event.shiftKey ? 0.5 : 2),
-               t1 = constrain(translate(scale(t0, k1), p0, p1), extent.apply(this, arguments), translateExtent);
-
-           noevent$1();
-           if (duration > 0) select(this).transition().duration(duration).call(schedule, t1, p0);
-           else select(this).call(zoom.transform, t1);
-         }
-
-         function touchstarted() {
-           if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
-           var touches = event.touches,
-               n = touches.length,
-               g = gesture(this, arguments, event.changedTouches.length === n),
-               started, i, t, p;
+           if (++i) on.length = i;else delete this.__on;
+         };
+       }
 
-           nopropagation$1();
-           for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-             t = touches[i], p = touch(this, touches, t.identifier);
-             p = [p, this.__zoom.invert(p), t.identifier];
-             if (!g.touch0) g.touch0 = p, started = true, g.taps = 1 + !!touchstarting;
-             else if (!g.touch1 && g.touch0[2] !== p[2]) g.touch1 = p, g.taps = 0;
+       function onAdd(typename, value, options) {
+         return function () {
+           var on = this.__on,
+               o,
+               listener = contextListener(value);
+           if (on) for (var j = 0, m = on.length; j < m; ++j) {
+             if ((o = on[j]).type === typename.type && o.name === typename.name) {
+               this.removeEventListener(o.type, o.listener, o.options);
+               this.addEventListener(o.type, o.listener = listener, o.options = options);
+               o.value = value;
+               return;
+             }
            }
+           this.addEventListener(typename.type, listener, options);
+           o = {
+             type: typename.type,
+             name: typename.name,
+             value: value,
+             listener: listener,
+             options: options
+           };
+           if (!on) this.__on = [o];else on.push(o);
+         };
+       }
 
-           if (touchstarting) touchstarting = clearTimeout(touchstarting);
+       function selection_on (typename, value, options) {
+         var typenames = parseTypenames(typename + ""),
+             i,
+             n = typenames.length,
+             t;
 
-           if (started) {
-             if (g.taps < 2) touchstarting = setTimeout(function() { touchstarting = null; }, touchDelay);
-             interrupt(this);
-             g.start();
+         if (arguments.length < 2) {
+           var on = this.node().__on;
+
+           if (on) for (var j = 0, m = on.length, o; j < m; ++j) {
+             for (i = 0, o = on[j]; i < n; ++i) {
+               if ((t = typenames[i]).type === o.type && t.name === o.name) {
+                 return o.value;
+               }
+             }
            }
+           return;
          }
 
-         function touchmoved() {
-           if (!this.__zooming) return;
-           var g = gesture(this, arguments),
-               touches = event.changedTouches,
-               n = touches.length, i, t, p, l;
+         on = value ? onAdd : onRemove;
 
-           noevent$1();
-           if (touchstarting) touchstarting = clearTimeout(touchstarting);
-           g.taps = 0;
-           for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-             t = touches[i], p = touch(this, touches, t.identifier);
-             if (g.touch0 && g.touch0[2] === t.identifier) g.touch0[0] = p;
-             else if (g.touch1 && g.touch1[2] === t.identifier) g.touch1[0] = p;
-           }
-           t = g.that.__zoom;
-           if (g.touch1) {
-             var p0 = g.touch0[0], l0 = g.touch0[1],
-                 p1 = g.touch1[0], l1 = g.touch1[1],
-                 dp = (dp = p1[0] - p0[0]) * dp + (dp = p1[1] - p0[1]) * dp,
-                 dl = (dl = l1[0] - l0[0]) * dl + (dl = l1[1] - l0[1]) * dl;
-             t = scale(t, Math.sqrt(dp / dl));
-             p = [(p0[0] + p1[0]) / 2, (p0[1] + p1[1]) / 2];
-             l = [(l0[0] + l1[0]) / 2, (l0[1] + l1[1]) / 2];
-           }
-           else if (g.touch0) p = g.touch0[0], l = g.touch0[1];
-           else return;
-           g.zoom("touch", constrain(translate(t, p, l), g.extent, translateExtent));
+         for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+           this.each(on(typenames[i], value, options));
          }
 
-         function touchended() {
-           if (!this.__zooming) return;
-           var g = gesture(this, arguments),
-               touches = event.changedTouches,
-               n = touches.length, i, t;
+         return this;
+       }
 
-           nopropagation$1();
-           if (touchending) clearTimeout(touchending);
-           touchending = setTimeout(function() { touchending = null; }, touchDelay);
-           for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-             t = touches[i];
-             if (g.touch0 && g.touch0[2] === t.identifier) delete g.touch0;
-             else if (g.touch1 && g.touch1[2] === t.identifier) delete g.touch1;
-           }
-           if (g.touch1 && !g.touch0) g.touch0 = g.touch1, delete g.touch1;
-           if (g.touch0) g.touch0[1] = this.__zoom.invert(g.touch0[0]);
-           else {
-             g.end();
-             // If this was a dbltap, reroute to the (optional) dblclick.zoom handler.
-             if (g.taps === 2) {
-               var p = select(this).on("dblclick.zoom");
-               if (p) p.apply(this, arguments);
-             }
-           }
-         }
+       function dispatchEvent(node, type, params) {
+         var window = defaultView(node),
+             event = window.CustomEvent;
 
-         zoom.wheelDelta = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (wheelDelta = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$3(+_), zoom) : wheelDelta;
-         };
+         if (typeof event === "function") {
+           event = new event(type, params);
+         } else {
+           event = window.document.createEvent("Event");
+           if (params) event.initEvent(type, params.bubbles, params.cancelable), event.detail = params.detail;else event.initEvent(type, false, false);
+         }
 
-         zoom.filter = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (filter = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$3(!!_), zoom) : filter;
-         };
+         node.dispatchEvent(event);
+       }
 
-         zoom.touchable = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (touchable = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$3(!!_), zoom) : touchable;
+       function dispatchConstant(type, params) {
+         return function () {
+           return dispatchEvent(this, type, params);
          };
+       }
 
-         zoom.extent = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (extent = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$3([[+_[0][0], +_[0][1]], [+_[1][0], +_[1][1]]]), zoom) : extent;
+       function dispatchFunction(type, params) {
+         return function () {
+           return dispatchEvent(this, type, params.apply(this, arguments));
          };
+       }
 
-         zoom.scaleExtent = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (scaleExtent[0] = +_[0], scaleExtent[1] = +_[1], zoom) : [scaleExtent[0], scaleExtent[1]];
-         };
+       function selection_dispatch (type, params) {
+         return this.each((typeof params === "function" ? dispatchFunction : dispatchConstant)(type, params));
+       }
 
-         zoom.translateExtent = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (translateExtent[0][0] = +_[0][0], translateExtent[1][0] = +_[1][0], translateExtent[0][1] = +_[0][1], translateExtent[1][1] = +_[1][1], zoom) : [[translateExtent[0][0], translateExtent[0][1]], [translateExtent[1][0], translateExtent[1][1]]];
-         };
+       var _marked$1 = /*#__PURE__*/regeneratorRuntime.mark(_callee);
 
-         zoom.constrain = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (constrain = _, zoom) : constrain;
-         };
+       function _callee() {
+         var groups, j, m, group, i, n, node;
+         return regeneratorRuntime.wrap(function _callee$(_context) {
+           while (1) {
+             switch (_context.prev = _context.next) {
+               case 0:
+                 groups = this._groups, j = 0, m = groups.length;
 
-         zoom.duration = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (duration = +_, zoom) : duration;
-         };
+               case 1:
+                 if (!(j < m)) {
+                   _context.next = 13;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-         zoom.interpolate = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (interpolate = _, zoom) : interpolate;
-         };
+                 group = groups[j], i = 0, n = group.length;
 
-         zoom.on = function() {
-           var value = listeners.on.apply(listeners, arguments);
-           return value === listeners ? zoom : value;
-         };
+               case 3:
+                 if (!(i < n)) {
+                   _context.next = 10;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-         zoom.clickDistance = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (clickDistance2 = (_ = +_) * _, zoom) : Math.sqrt(clickDistance2);
-         };
+                 if (!(node = group[i])) {
+                   _context.next = 7;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-         return zoom;
-       }
+                 _context.next = 7;
+                 return node;
 
-       /*
-           Bypasses features of D3's default projection stream pipeline that are unnecessary:
-           * Antimeridian clipping
-           * Spherical rotation
-           * Resampling
-       */
-       function geoRawMercator() {
-           var project = mercatorRaw;
-           var k = 512 / Math.PI; // scale
-           var x = 0;
-           var y = 0; // translate
-           var clipExtent = [[0, 0], [0, 0]];
+               case 7:
+                 ++i;
+                 _context.next = 3;
+                 break;
 
+               case 10:
+                 ++j;
+                 _context.next = 1;
+                 break;
 
-           function projection(point) {
-               point = project(point[0] * Math.PI / 180, point[1] * Math.PI / 180);
-               return [point[0] * k + x, y - point[1] * k];
+               case 13:
+               case "end":
+                 return _context.stop();
+             }
            }
+         }, _marked$1, this);
+       }
 
+       var root$1 = [null];
+       function Selection$1(groups, parents) {
+         this._groups = groups;
+         this._parents = parents;
+       }
 
-           projection.invert = function(point) {
-               point = project.invert((point[0] - x) / k, (y - point[1]) / k);
-               return point && [point[0] * 180 / Math.PI, point[1] * 180 / Math.PI];
-           };
+       function selection() {
+         return new Selection$1([[document.documentElement]], root$1);
+       }
 
+       function selection_selection() {
+         return this;
+       }
 
-           projection.scale = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return k;
-               k = +_;
-               return projection;
-           };
+       Selection$1.prototype = selection.prototype = _defineProperty({
+         constructor: Selection$1,
+         select: selection_select,
+         selectAll: selection_selectAll,
+         selectChild: selection_selectChild,
+         selectChildren: selection_selectChildren,
+         filter: selection_filter,
+         data: selection_data,
+         enter: selection_enter,
+         exit: selection_exit,
+         join: selection_join,
+         merge: selection_merge,
+         selection: selection_selection,
+         order: selection_order,
+         sort: selection_sort,
+         call: selection_call,
+         nodes: selection_nodes,
+         node: selection_node,
+         size: selection_size,
+         empty: selection_empty,
+         each: selection_each,
+         attr: selection_attr,
+         style: selection_style,
+         property: selection_property,
+         classed: selection_classed,
+         text: selection_text,
+         html: selection_html,
+         raise: selection_raise,
+         lower: selection_lower,
+         append: selection_append,
+         insert: selection_insert,
+         remove: selection_remove,
+         clone: selection_clone,
+         datum: selection_datum,
+         on: selection_on,
+         dispatch: selection_dispatch
+       }, Symbol.iterator, _callee);
 
+       function select (selector) {
+         return typeof selector === "string" ? new Selection$1([[document.querySelector(selector)]], [document.documentElement]) : new Selection$1([[selector]], root$1);
+       }
 
-           projection.translate = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return [x, y];
-               x = +_[0];
-               y = +_[1];
-               return projection;
-           };
+       function sourceEvent (event) {
+         var sourceEvent;
 
+         while (sourceEvent = event.sourceEvent) {
+           event = sourceEvent;
+         }
 
-           projection.clipExtent = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return clipExtent;
-               clipExtent = _;
-               return projection;
-           };
+         return event;
+       }
 
+       function pointer (event, node) {
+         event = sourceEvent(event);
+         if (node === undefined) node = event.currentTarget;
 
-           projection.transform = function(obj) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return identity$2.translate(x, y).scale(k);
-               x = +obj.x;
-               y = +obj.y;
-               k = +obj.k;
-               return projection;
-           };
+         if (node) {
+           var svg = node.ownerSVGElement || node;
 
+           if (svg.createSVGPoint) {
+             var point = svg.createSVGPoint();
+             point.x = event.clientX, point.y = event.clientY;
+             point = point.matrixTransform(node.getScreenCTM().inverse());
+             return [point.x, point.y];
+           }
 
-           projection.stream = d3_geoTransform({
-               point: function(x, y) {
-                   var vec = projection([x, y]);
-                   this.stream.point(vec[0], vec[1]);
-               }
-           }).stream;
+           if (node.getBoundingClientRect) {
+             var rect = node.getBoundingClientRect();
+             return [event.clientX - rect.left - node.clientLeft, event.clientY - rect.top - node.clientTop];
+           }
+         }
 
+         return [event.pageX, event.pageY];
+       }
 
-           return projection;
+       function selectAll (selector) {
+         return typeof selector === "string" ? new Selection$1([document.querySelectorAll(selector)], [document.documentElement]) : new Selection$1([selector == null ? [] : array(selector)], root$1);
        }
 
-       function geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a, b, origin) {
-           if (geoVecEqual(origin, a) || geoVecEqual(origin, b)) {
-               return 1;  // coincident points, treat as straight and try to remove
-           }
-           return geoVecNormalizedDot(a, b, origin);
+       function nopropagation$1(event) {
+         event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+       }
+       function noevent$1 (event) {
+         event.preventDefault();
+         event.stopImmediatePropagation();
        }
 
+       function dragDisable (view) {
+         var root = view.document.documentElement,
+             selection = select(view).on("dragstart.drag", noevent$1, true);
 
-       function geoOrthoFilterDotProduct(dotp, epsilon, lowerThreshold, upperThreshold, allowStraightAngles) {
-           var val = Math.abs(dotp);
-           if (val < epsilon) {
-               return 0;      // already orthogonal
-           } else if (allowStraightAngles && Math.abs(val-1) < epsilon) {
-               return 0;      // straight angle, which is okay in this case
-           } else if (val < lowerThreshold || val > upperThreshold) {
-               return dotp;   // can be adjusted
-           } else {
-               return null;   // ignore vertex
-           }
+         if ("onselectstart" in root) {
+           selection.on("selectstart.drag", noevent$1, true);
+         } else {
+           root.__noselect = root.style.MozUserSelect;
+           root.style.MozUserSelect = "none";
+         }
        }
+       function yesdrag(view, noclick) {
+         var root = view.document.documentElement,
+             selection = select(view).on("dragstart.drag", null);
 
+         if (noclick) {
+           selection.on("click.drag", noevent$1, true);
+           setTimeout(function () {
+             selection.on("click.drag", null);
+           }, 0);
+         }
 
-       function geoOrthoCalcScore(points, isClosed, epsilon, threshold) {
-           var score = 0;
-           var first = isClosed ? 0 : 1;
-           var last = isClosed ? points.length : points.length - 1;
-           var coords = points.map(function(p) { return p.coord; });
-
-           var lowerThreshold = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180);
-           var upperThreshold = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180);
+         if ("onselectstart" in root) {
+           selection.on("selectstart.drag", null);
+         } else {
+           root.style.MozUserSelect = root.__noselect;
+           delete root.__noselect;
+         }
+       }
 
-           for (var i = first; i < last; i++) {
-               var a = coords[(i - 1 + coords.length) % coords.length];
-               var origin = coords[i];
-               var b = coords[(i + 1) % coords.length];
+       var constant$2 = (function (x) {
+         return function () {
+           return x;
+         };
+       });
 
-               var dotp = geoOrthoFilterDotProduct(geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a, b, origin), epsilon, lowerThreshold, upperThreshold);
-               if (dotp === null) continue;    // ignore vertex
-               score = score + 2.0 * Math.min(Math.abs(dotp - 1.0), Math.min(Math.abs(dotp), Math.abs(dotp + 1)));
+       function DragEvent(type, _ref) {
+         var sourceEvent = _ref.sourceEvent,
+             subject = _ref.subject,
+             target = _ref.target,
+             identifier = _ref.identifier,
+             active = _ref.active,
+             x = _ref.x,
+             y = _ref.y,
+             dx = _ref.dx,
+             dy = _ref.dy,
+             dispatch = _ref.dispatch;
+         Object.defineProperties(this, {
+           type: {
+             value: type,
+             enumerable: true,
+             configurable: true
+           },
+           sourceEvent: {
+             value: sourceEvent,
+             enumerable: true,
+             configurable: true
+           },
+           subject: {
+             value: subject,
+             enumerable: true,
+             configurable: true
+           },
+           target: {
+             value: target,
+             enumerable: true,
+             configurable: true
+           },
+           identifier: {
+             value: identifier,
+             enumerable: true,
+             configurable: true
+           },
+           active: {
+             value: active,
+             enumerable: true,
+             configurable: true
+           },
+           x: {
+             value: x,
+             enumerable: true,
+             configurable: true
+           },
+           y: {
+             value: y,
+             enumerable: true,
+             configurable: true
+           },
+           dx: {
+             value: dx,
+             enumerable: true,
+             configurable: true
+           },
+           dy: {
+             value: dy,
+             enumerable: true,
+             configurable: true
+           },
+           _: {
+             value: dispatch
            }
-
-           return score;
+         });
        }
 
-       // returns the maximum angle less than `lessThan` between the actual corner and a 0° or 90° corner
-       function geoOrthoMaxOffsetAngle(coords, isClosed, lessThan) {
-           var max = -Infinity;
-
-           var first = isClosed ? 0 : 1;
-           var last = isClosed ? coords.length : coords.length - 1;
-
-           for (var i = first; i < last; i++) {
-               var a = coords[(i - 1 + coords.length) % coords.length];
-               var origin = coords[i];
-               var b = coords[(i + 1) % coords.length];
-               var normalizedDotP = geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a, b, origin);
-
-               var angle = Math.acos(Math.abs(normalizedDotP)) * 180 / Math.PI;
+       DragEvent.prototype.on = function () {
+         var value = this._.on.apply(this._, arguments);
 
-               if (angle > 45) angle = 90 - angle;
+         return value === this._ ? this : value;
+       };
 
-               if (angle >= lessThan) continue;
+       function defaultFilter$2(event) {
+         return !event.ctrlKey && !event.button;
+       }
 
-               if (angle > max) max = angle;
-           }
+       function defaultContainer() {
+         return this.parentNode;
+       }
 
-           if (max === -Infinity) return null;
+       function defaultSubject(event, d) {
+         return d == null ? {
+           x: event.x,
+           y: event.y
+         } : d;
+       }
 
-           return max;
+       function defaultTouchable$1() {
+         return navigator.maxTouchPoints || "ontouchstart" in this;
        }
 
+       function d3_drag () {
+         var filter = defaultFilter$2,
+             container = defaultContainer,
+             subject = defaultSubject,
+             touchable = defaultTouchable$1,
+             gestures = {},
+             listeners = dispatch$8("start", "drag", "end"),
+             active = 0,
+             mousedownx,
+             mousedowny,
+             mousemoving,
+             touchending,
+             clickDistance2 = 0;
 
-       // similar to geoOrthoCalcScore, but returns quickly if there is something to do
-       function geoOrthoCanOrthogonalize(coords, isClosed, epsilon, threshold, allowStraightAngles) {
-           var score = null;
-           var first = isClosed ? 0 : 1;
-           var last = isClosed ? coords.length : coords.length - 1;
+         function drag(selection) {
+           selection.on("mousedown.drag", mousedowned).filter(touchable).on("touchstart.drag", touchstarted).on("touchmove.drag", touchmoved).on("touchend.drag touchcancel.drag", touchended).style("touch-action", "none").style("-webkit-tap-highlight-color", "rgba(0,0,0,0)");
+         }
 
-           var lowerThreshold = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180);
-           var upperThreshold = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180);
+         function mousedowned(event, d) {
+           if (touchending || !filter.call(this, event, d)) return;
+           var gesture = beforestart(this, container.call(this, event, d), event, d, "mouse");
+           if (!gesture) return;
+           select(event.view).on("mousemove.drag", mousemoved, true).on("mouseup.drag", mouseupped, true);
+           dragDisable(event.view);
+           nopropagation$1(event);
+           mousemoving = false;
+           mousedownx = event.clientX;
+           mousedowny = event.clientY;
+           gesture("start", event);
+         }
 
-           for (var i = first; i < last; i++) {
-               var a = coords[(i - 1 + coords.length) % coords.length];
-               var origin = coords[i];
-               var b = coords[(i + 1) % coords.length];
+         function mousemoved(event) {
+           noevent$1(event);
 
-               var dotp = geoOrthoFilterDotProduct(geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a, b, origin), epsilon, lowerThreshold, upperThreshold, allowStraightAngles);
-               if (dotp === null) continue;        // ignore vertex
-               if (Math.abs(dotp) > 0) return 1;   // something to do
-               score = 0;                          // already square
+           if (!mousemoving) {
+             var dx = event.clientX - mousedownx,
+                 dy = event.clientY - mousedowny;
+             mousemoving = dx * dx + dy * dy > clickDistance2;
            }
 
-           return score;
-       }
+           gestures.mouse("drag", event);
+         }
 
-       // Returns true if a and b have the same elements at the same indices.
-       function utilArrayIdentical(a, b) {
-           // an array is always identical to itself
-           if (a === b) return true;
+         function mouseupped(event) {
+           select(event.view).on("mousemove.drag mouseup.drag", null);
+           yesdrag(event.view, mousemoving);
+           noevent$1(event);
+           gestures.mouse("end", event);
+         }
 
-           var i = a.length;
-           if (i !== b.length) return false;
-           while (i--) {
-               if (a[i] !== b[i]) return false;
+         function touchstarted(event, d) {
+           if (!filter.call(this, event, d)) return;
+           var touches = event.changedTouches,
+               c = container.call(this, event, d),
+               n = touches.length,
+               i,
+               gesture;
+
+           for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             if (gesture = beforestart(this, c, event, d, touches[i].identifier, touches[i])) {
+               nopropagation$1(event);
+               gesture("start", event, touches[i]);
+             }
            }
-           return true;
-       }
+         }
 
-       // http://2ality.com/2015/01/es6-set-operations.html
+         function touchmoved(event) {
+           var touches = event.changedTouches,
+               n = touches.length,
+               i,
+               gesture;
 
-       // Difference (a \ b): create a set that contains those elements of set a that are not in set b.
-       // This operation is also sometimes called minus (-).
-       // var a = [1,2,3];
-       // var b = [4,3,2];
-       // utilArrayDifference(a, b)
-       //   [1]
-       // utilArrayDifference(b, a)
-       //   [4]
-       function utilArrayDifference(a, b) {
-           var other = new Set(b);
-           return Array.from(new Set(a))
-               .filter(function(v) { return !other.has(v); });
-       }
+           for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             if (gesture = gestures[touches[i].identifier]) {
+               noevent$1(event);
+               gesture("drag", event, touches[i]);
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-       // Intersection (a ∩ b): create a set that contains those elements of set a that are also in set b.
-       // var a = [1,2,3];
-       // var b = [4,3,2];
-       // utilArrayIntersection(a, b)
-       //   [2,3]
-       function utilArrayIntersection(a, b) {
-           var other = new Set(b);
-           return Array.from(new Set(a))
-               .filter(function(v) { return other.has(v); });
-       }
+         function touchended(event) {
+           var touches = event.changedTouches,
+               n = touches.length,
+               i,
+               gesture;
+           if (touchending) clearTimeout(touchending);
+           touchending = setTimeout(function () {
+             touchending = null;
+           }, 500); // Ghost clicks are delayed!
 
-       // Union (a ∪ b): create a set that contains the elements of both set a and set b.
-       // var a = [1,2,3];
-       // var b = [4,3,2];
-       // utilArrayUnion(a, b)
-       //   [1,2,3,4]
-       function utilArrayUnion(a, b) {
-           var result = new Set(a);
-           b.forEach(function(v) { result.add(v); });
-           return Array.from(result);
-       }
+           for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             if (gesture = gestures[touches[i].identifier]) {
+               nopropagation$1(event);
+               gesture("end", event, touches[i]);
+             }
+           }
+         }
+
+         function beforestart(that, container, event, d, identifier, touch) {
+           var dispatch = listeners.copy(),
+               p = pointer(touch || event, container),
+               dx,
+               dy,
+               s;
+           if ((s = subject.call(that, new DragEvent("beforestart", {
+             sourceEvent: event,
+             target: drag,
+             identifier: identifier,
+             active: active,
+             x: p[0],
+             y: p[1],
+             dx: 0,
+             dy: 0,
+             dispatch: dispatch
+           }), d)) == null) return;
+           dx = s.x - p[0] || 0;
+           dy = s.y - p[1] || 0;
+           return function gesture(type, event, touch) {
+             var p0 = p,
+                 n;
 
-       // Returns an Array with all the duplicates removed
-       // var a = [1,1,2,3,3];
-       // utilArrayUniq(a)
-       //   [1,2,3]
-       function utilArrayUniq(a) {
-           return Array.from(new Set(a));
+             switch (type) {
+               case "start":
+                 gestures[identifier] = gesture, n = active++;
+                 break;
+
+               case "end":
+                 delete gestures[identifier], --active;
+               // nobreak
+
+               case "drag":
+                 p = pointer(touch || event, container), n = active;
+                 break;
+             }
+
+             dispatch.call(type, that, new DragEvent(type, {
+               sourceEvent: event,
+               subject: s,
+               target: drag,
+               identifier: identifier,
+               active: n,
+               x: p[0] + dx,
+               y: p[1] + dy,
+               dx: p[0] - p0[0],
+               dy: p[1] - p0[1],
+               dispatch: dispatch
+             }), d);
+           };
+         }
+
+         drag.filter = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (filter = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$2(!!_), drag) : filter;
+         };
+
+         drag.container = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (container = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$2(_), drag) : container;
+         };
+
+         drag.subject = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (subject = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$2(_), drag) : subject;
+         };
+
+         drag.touchable = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (touchable = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$2(!!_), drag) : touchable;
+         };
+
+         drag.on = function () {
+           var value = listeners.on.apply(listeners, arguments);
+           return value === listeners ? drag : value;
+         };
+
+         drag.clickDistance = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (clickDistance2 = (_ = +_) * _, drag) : Math.sqrt(clickDistance2);
+         };
+
+         return drag;
        }
 
+       var DESCRIPTORS$4 = descriptors;
+       var global$b = global$1o;
+       var uncurryThis$e = functionUncurryThis;
+       var isForced$1 = isForced_1;
+       var inheritIfRequired$1 = inheritIfRequired$4;
+       var createNonEnumerableProperty = createNonEnumerableProperty$b;
+       var defineProperty$1 = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var getOwnPropertyNames$1 = objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f;
+       var isPrototypeOf$1 = objectIsPrototypeOf;
+       var isRegExp$1 = isRegexp;
+       var toString$9 = toString$k;
+       var regExpFlags$1 = regexpFlags$1;
+       var stickyHelpers = regexpStickyHelpers;
+       var redefine$3 = redefine$h.exports;
+       var fails$a = fails$V;
+       var hasOwn$2 = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var enforceInternalState = internalState.enforce;
+       var setSpecies = setSpecies$5;
+       var wellKnownSymbol$1 = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+       var UNSUPPORTED_DOT_ALL = regexpUnsupportedDotAll;
+       var UNSUPPORTED_NCG = regexpUnsupportedNcg;
+
+       var MATCH$1 = wellKnownSymbol$1('match');
+       var NativeRegExp = global$b.RegExp;
+       var RegExpPrototype$1 = NativeRegExp.prototype;
+       var SyntaxError$1 = global$b.SyntaxError;
+       var getFlags = uncurryThis$e(regExpFlags$1);
+       var exec$2 = uncurryThis$e(RegExpPrototype$1.exec);
+       var charAt$1 = uncurryThis$e(''.charAt);
+       var replace$3 = uncurryThis$e(''.replace);
+       var stringIndexOf$1 = uncurryThis$e(''.indexOf);
+       var stringSlice$4 = uncurryThis$e(''.slice);
+       // TODO: Use only propper RegExpIdentifierName
+       var IS_NCG = /^\?<[^\s\d!#%&*+<=>@^][^\s!#%&*+<=>@^]*>/;
+       var re1 = /a/g;
+       var re2 = /a/g;
+
+       // "new" should create a new object, old webkit bug
+       var CORRECT_NEW = new NativeRegExp(re1) !== re1;
+
+       var MISSED_STICKY = stickyHelpers.MISSED_STICKY;
+       var UNSUPPORTED_Y = stickyHelpers.UNSUPPORTED_Y;
+
+       var BASE_FORCED = DESCRIPTORS$4 &&
+         (!CORRECT_NEW || MISSED_STICKY || UNSUPPORTED_DOT_ALL || UNSUPPORTED_NCG || fails$a(function () {
+           re2[MATCH$1] = false;
+           // RegExp constructor can alter flags and IsRegExp works correct with @@match
+           return NativeRegExp(re1) != re1 || NativeRegExp(re2) == re2 || NativeRegExp(re1, 'i') != '/a/i';
+         }));
+
+       var handleDotAll = function (string) {
+         var length = string.length;
+         var index = 0;
+         var result = '';
+         var brackets = false;
+         var chr;
+         for (; index <= length; index++) {
+           chr = charAt$1(string, index);
+           if (chr === '\\') {
+             result += chr + charAt$1(string, ++index);
+             continue;
+           }
+           if (!brackets && chr === '.') {
+             result += '[\\s\\S]';
+           } else {
+             if (chr === '[') {
+               brackets = true;
+             } else if (chr === ']') {
+               brackets = false;
+             } result += chr;
+           }
+         } return result;
+       };
 
-       // Splits array into chunks of given chunk size
-       // var a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7];
-       // utilArrayChunk(a, 3);
-       //   [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7]];
-       function utilArrayChunk(a, chunkSize) {
-           if (!chunkSize || chunkSize < 0) return [a.slice()];
+       var handleNCG = function (string) {
+         var length = string.length;
+         var index = 0;
+         var result = '';
+         var named = [];
+         var names = {};
+         var brackets = false;
+         var ncg = false;
+         var groupid = 0;
+         var groupname = '';
+         var chr;
+         for (; index <= length; index++) {
+           chr = charAt$1(string, index);
+           if (chr === '\\') {
+             chr = chr + charAt$1(string, ++index);
+           } else if (chr === ']') {
+             brackets = false;
+           } else if (!brackets) switch (true) {
+             case chr === '[':
+               brackets = true;
+               break;
+             case chr === '(':
+               if (exec$2(IS_NCG, stringSlice$4(string, index + 1))) {
+                 index += 2;
+                 ncg = true;
+               }
+               result += chr;
+               groupid++;
+               continue;
+             case chr === '>' && ncg:
+               if (groupname === '' || hasOwn$2(names, groupname)) {
+                 throw new SyntaxError$1('Invalid capture group name');
+               }
+               names[groupname] = true;
+               named[named.length] = [groupname, groupid];
+               ncg = false;
+               groupname = '';
+               continue;
+           }
+           if (ncg) groupname += chr;
+           else result += chr;
+         } return [result, named];
+       };
+
+       // `RegExp` constructor
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexp-constructor
+       if (isForced$1('RegExp', BASE_FORCED)) {
+         var RegExpWrapper = function RegExp(pattern, flags) {
+           var thisIsRegExp = isPrototypeOf$1(RegExpPrototype$1, this);
+           var patternIsRegExp = isRegExp$1(pattern);
+           var flagsAreUndefined = flags === undefined;
+           var groups = [];
+           var rawPattern = pattern;
+           var rawFlags, dotAll, sticky, handled, result, state;
+
+           if (!thisIsRegExp && patternIsRegExp && flagsAreUndefined && pattern.constructor === RegExpWrapper) {
+             return pattern;
+           }
+
+           if (patternIsRegExp || isPrototypeOf$1(RegExpPrototype$1, pattern)) {
+             pattern = pattern.source;
+             if (flagsAreUndefined) flags = 'flags' in rawPattern ? rawPattern.flags : getFlags(rawPattern);
+           }
+
+           pattern = pattern === undefined ? '' : toString$9(pattern);
+           flags = flags === undefined ? '' : toString$9(flags);
+           rawPattern = pattern;
 
-           var result = new Array(Math.ceil(a.length / chunkSize));
-           return Array.from(result, function(item, i) {
-               return a.slice(i * chunkSize, i * chunkSize + chunkSize);
+           if (UNSUPPORTED_DOT_ALL && 'dotAll' in re1) {
+             dotAll = !!flags && stringIndexOf$1(flags, 's') > -1;
+             if (dotAll) flags = replace$3(flags, /s/g, '');
+           }
+
+           rawFlags = flags;
+
+           if (MISSED_STICKY && 'sticky' in re1) {
+             sticky = !!flags && stringIndexOf$1(flags, 'y') > -1;
+             if (sticky && UNSUPPORTED_Y) flags = replace$3(flags, /y/g, '');
+           }
+
+           if (UNSUPPORTED_NCG) {
+             handled = handleNCG(pattern);
+             pattern = handled[0];
+             groups = handled[1];
+           }
+
+           result = inheritIfRequired$1(NativeRegExp(pattern, flags), thisIsRegExp ? this : RegExpPrototype$1, RegExpWrapper);
+
+           if (dotAll || sticky || groups.length) {
+             state = enforceInternalState(result);
+             if (dotAll) {
+               state.dotAll = true;
+               state.raw = RegExpWrapper(handleDotAll(pattern), rawFlags);
+             }
+             if (sticky) state.sticky = true;
+             if (groups.length) state.groups = groups;
+           }
+
+           if (pattern !== rawPattern) try {
+             // fails in old engines, but we have no alternatives for unsupported regex syntax
+             createNonEnumerableProperty(result, 'source', rawPattern === '' ? '(?:)' : rawPattern);
+           } catch (error) { /* empty */ }
+
+           return result;
+         };
+
+         var proxy = function (key) {
+           key in RegExpWrapper || defineProperty$1(RegExpWrapper, key, {
+             configurable: true,
+             get: function () { return NativeRegExp[key]; },
+             set: function (it) { NativeRegExp[key] = it; }
            });
+         };
+
+         for (var keys$1 = getOwnPropertyNames$1(NativeRegExp), index$1 = 0; keys$1.length > index$1;) {
+           proxy(keys$1[index$1++]);
+         }
+
+         RegExpPrototype$1.constructor = RegExpWrapper;
+         RegExpWrapper.prototype = RegExpPrototype$1;
+         redefine$3(global$b, 'RegExp', RegExpWrapper);
        }
 
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-get-regexp-@@species
+       setSpecies('RegExp');
 
-       // Flattens two level array into a single level
-       // var a = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7]];
-       // utilArrayFlatten(a);
-       //   [1,2,3,4,5,6,7];
-       function utilArrayFlatten(a) {
-           return a.reduce(function(acc, val) {
-               return acc.concat(val);
-           }, []);
+       function define (constructor, factory, prototype) {
+         constructor.prototype = factory.prototype = prototype;
+         prototype.constructor = constructor;
        }
+       function extend$3(parent, definition) {
+         var prototype = Object.create(parent.prototype);
 
+         for (var key in definition) {
+           prototype[key] = definition[key];
+         }
 
-       // Groups the items of the Array according to the given key
-       // `key` can be passed as a property or as a key function
-       //
-       // var pets = [
-       //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot' },
-       //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger' },
-       //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Rover' },
-       //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Leo' }
-       // ];
-       //
-       // utilArrayGroupBy(pets, 'type')
-       //   {
-       //     'Dog': [{type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot'}, {type: 'Dog', name: 'Rover'}],
-       //     'Cat': [{type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger'}, {type: 'Cat', name: 'Leo'}]
-       //   }
-       //
-       // utilArrayGroupBy(pets, function(item) { return item.name.length; })
-       //   {
-       //     3: [{type: 'Cat', name: 'Leo'}],
-       //     4: [{type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot'}],
-       //     5: [{type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger'}, {type: 'Dog', name: 'Rover'}]
-       //   }
-       function utilArrayGroupBy(a, key) {
-           return a.reduce(function(acc, item) {
-               var group = (typeof key === 'function') ? key(item) : item[key];
-               (acc[group] = acc[group] || []).push(item);
-               return acc;
-           }, {});
+         return prototype;
        }
 
+       function Color() {}
+       var _darker = 0.7;
 
-       // Returns an Array with all the duplicates removed
-       // where uniqueness determined by the given key
-       // `key` can be passed as a property or as a key function
-       //
-       // var pets = [
-       //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot' },
-       //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger' },
-       //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Rover' },
-       //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Leo' }
-       // ];
-       //
-       // utilArrayUniqBy(pets, 'type')
-       //   [
-       //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot' },
-       //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger' }
-       //   ]
-       //
-       // utilArrayUniqBy(pets, function(item) { return item.name.length; })
-       //   [
-       //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot' },
-       //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger' },
-       //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Leo' }
-       //   }
-       function utilArrayUniqBy(a, key) {
-           var seen = new Set();
-           return a.reduce(function(acc, item) {
-               var val = (typeof key === 'function') ? key(item) : item[key];
-               if (val && !seen.has(val)) {
-                   seen.add(val);
-                   acc.push(item);
-               }
-               return acc;
-           }, []);
+       var _brighter = 1 / _darker;
+       var reI = "\\s*([+-]?\\d+)\\s*",
+           reN = "\\s*([+-]?\\d*\\.?\\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\\d+)?)\\s*",
+           reP = "\\s*([+-]?\\d*\\.?\\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\\d+)?)%\\s*",
+           reHex = /^#([0-9a-f]{3,8})$/,
+           reRgbInteger = new RegExp("^rgb\\(" + [reI, reI, reI] + "\\)$"),
+           reRgbPercent = new RegExp("^rgb\\(" + [reP, reP, reP] + "\\)$"),
+           reRgbaInteger = new RegExp("^rgba\\(" + [reI, reI, reI, reN] + "\\)$"),
+           reRgbaPercent = new RegExp("^rgba\\(" + [reP, reP, reP, reN] + "\\)$"),
+           reHslPercent = new RegExp("^hsl\\(" + [reN, reP, reP] + "\\)$"),
+           reHslaPercent = new RegExp("^hsla\\(" + [reN, reP, reP, reN] + "\\)$");
+       var named = {
+         aliceblue: 0xf0f8ff,
+         antiquewhite: 0xfaebd7,
+         aqua: 0x00ffff,
+         aquamarine: 0x7fffd4,
+         azure: 0xf0ffff,
+         beige: 0xf5f5dc,
+         bisque: 0xffe4c4,
+         black: 0x000000,
+         blanchedalmond: 0xffebcd,
+         blue: 0x0000ff,
+         blueviolet: 0x8a2be2,
+         brown: 0xa52a2a,
+         burlywood: 0xdeb887,
+         cadetblue: 0x5f9ea0,
+         chartreuse: 0x7fff00,
+         chocolate: 0xd2691e,
+         coral: 0xff7f50,
+         cornflowerblue: 0x6495ed,
+         cornsilk: 0xfff8dc,
+         crimson: 0xdc143c,
+         cyan: 0x00ffff,
+         darkblue: 0x00008b,
+         darkcyan: 0x008b8b,
+         darkgoldenrod: 0xb8860b,
+         darkgray: 0xa9a9a9,
+         darkgreen: 0x006400,
+         darkgrey: 0xa9a9a9,
+         darkkhaki: 0xbdb76b,
+         darkmagenta: 0x8b008b,
+         darkolivegreen: 0x556b2f,
+         darkorange: 0xff8c00,
+         darkorchid: 0x9932cc,
+         darkred: 0x8b0000,
+         darksalmon: 0xe9967a,
+         darkseagreen: 0x8fbc8f,
+         darkslateblue: 0x483d8b,
+         darkslategray: 0x2f4f4f,
+         darkslategrey: 0x2f4f4f,
+         darkturquoise: 0x00ced1,
+         darkviolet: 0x9400d3,
+         deeppink: 0xff1493,
+         deepskyblue: 0x00bfff,
+         dimgray: 0x696969,
+         dimgrey: 0x696969,
+         dodgerblue: 0x1e90ff,
+         firebrick: 0xb22222,
+         floralwhite: 0xfffaf0,
+         forestgreen: 0x228b22,
+         fuchsia: 0xff00ff,
+         gainsboro: 0xdcdcdc,
+         ghostwhite: 0xf8f8ff,
+         gold: 0xffd700,
+         goldenrod: 0xdaa520,
+         gray: 0x808080,
+         green: 0x008000,
+         greenyellow: 0xadff2f,
+         grey: 0x808080,
+         honeydew: 0xf0fff0,
+         hotpink: 0xff69b4,
+         indianred: 0xcd5c5c,
+         indigo: 0x4b0082,
+         ivory: 0xfffff0,
+         khaki: 0xf0e68c,
+         lavender: 0xe6e6fa,
+         lavenderblush: 0xfff0f5,
+         lawngreen: 0x7cfc00,
+         lemonchiffon: 0xfffacd,
+         lightblue: 0xadd8e6,
+         lightcoral: 0xf08080,
+         lightcyan: 0xe0ffff,
+         lightgoldenrodyellow: 0xfafad2,
+         lightgray: 0xd3d3d3,
+         lightgreen: 0x90ee90,
+         lightgrey: 0xd3d3d3,
+         lightpink: 0xffb6c1,
+         lightsalmon: 0xffa07a,
+         lightseagreen: 0x20b2aa,
+         lightskyblue: 0x87cefa,
+         lightslategray: 0x778899,
+         lightslategrey: 0x778899,
+         lightsteelblue: 0xb0c4de,
+         lightyellow: 0xffffe0,
+         lime: 0x00ff00,
+         limegreen: 0x32cd32,
+         linen: 0xfaf0e6,
+         magenta: 0xff00ff,
+         maroon: 0x800000,
+         mediumaquamarine: 0x66cdaa,
+         mediumblue: 0x0000cd,
+         mediumorchid: 0xba55d3,
+         mediumpurple: 0x9370db,
+         mediumseagreen: 0x3cb371,
+         mediumslateblue: 0x7b68ee,
+         mediumspringgreen: 0x00fa9a,
+         mediumturquoise: 0x48d1cc,
+         mediumvioletred: 0xc71585,
+         midnightblue: 0x191970,
+         mintcream: 0xf5fffa,
+         mistyrose: 0xffe4e1,
+         moccasin: 0xffe4b5,
+         navajowhite: 0xffdead,
+         navy: 0x000080,
+         oldlace: 0xfdf5e6,
+         olive: 0x808000,
+         olivedrab: 0x6b8e23,
+         orange: 0xffa500,
+         orangered: 0xff4500,
+         orchid: 0xda70d6,
+         palegoldenrod: 0xeee8aa,
+         palegreen: 0x98fb98,
+         paleturquoise: 0xafeeee,
+         palevioletred: 0xdb7093,
+         papayawhip: 0xffefd5,
+         peachpuff: 0xffdab9,
+         peru: 0xcd853f,
+         pink: 0xffc0cb,
+         plum: 0xdda0dd,
+         powderblue: 0xb0e0e6,
+         purple: 0x800080,
+         rebeccapurple: 0x663399,
+         red: 0xff0000,
+         rosybrown: 0xbc8f8f,
+         royalblue: 0x4169e1,
+         saddlebrown: 0x8b4513,
+         salmon: 0xfa8072,
+         sandybrown: 0xf4a460,
+         seagreen: 0x2e8b57,
+         seashell: 0xfff5ee,
+         sienna: 0xa0522d,
+         silver: 0xc0c0c0,
+         skyblue: 0x87ceeb,
+         slateblue: 0x6a5acd,
+         slategray: 0x708090,
+         slategrey: 0x708090,
+         snow: 0xfffafa,
+         springgreen: 0x00ff7f,
+         steelblue: 0x4682b4,
+         tan: 0xd2b48c,
+         teal: 0x008080,
+         thistle: 0xd8bfd8,
+         tomato: 0xff6347,
+         turquoise: 0x40e0d0,
+         violet: 0xee82ee,
+         wheat: 0xf5deb3,
+         white: 0xffffff,
+         whitesmoke: 0xf5f5f5,
+         yellow: 0xffff00,
+         yellowgreen: 0x9acd32
+       };
+       define(Color, color, {
+         copy: function copy(channels) {
+           return Object.assign(new this.constructor(), this, channels);
+         },
+         displayable: function displayable() {
+           return this.rgb().displayable();
+         },
+         hex: color_formatHex,
+         // Deprecated! Use color.formatHex.
+         formatHex: color_formatHex,
+         formatHsl: color_formatHsl,
+         formatRgb: color_formatRgb,
+         toString: color_formatRgb
+       });
+
+       function color_formatHex() {
+         return this.rgb().formatHex();
        }
 
-       var remove$1 = removeDiacritics;
+       function color_formatHsl() {
+         return hslConvert(this).formatHsl();
+       }
 
-       var replacementList = [
-         {
-           base: ' ',
-           chars: "\u00A0",
-         }, {
-           base: '0',
-           chars: "\u07C0",
-         }, {
-           base: 'A',
-           chars: "\u24B6\uFF21\u00C0\u00C1\u00C2\u1EA6\u1EA4\u1EAA\u1EA8\u00C3\u0100\u0102\u1EB0\u1EAE\u1EB4\u1EB2\u0226\u01E0\u00C4\u01DE\u1EA2\u00C5\u01FA\u01CD\u0200\u0202\u1EA0\u1EAC\u1EB6\u1E00\u0104\u023A\u2C6F",
-         }, {
-           base: 'AA',
-           chars: "\uA732",
-         }, {
-           base: 'AE',
-           chars: "\u00C6\u01FC\u01E2",
-         }, {
-           base: 'AO',
-           chars: "\uA734",
-         }, {
-           base: 'AU',
-           chars: "\uA736",
-         }, {
-           base: 'AV',
-           chars: "\uA738\uA73A",
-         }, {
-           base: 'AY',
-           chars: "\uA73C",
-         }, {
-           base: 'B',
-           chars: "\u24B7\uFF22\u1E02\u1E04\u1E06\u0243\u0181",
-         }, {
-           base: 'C',
-           chars: "\u24b8\uff23\uA73E\u1E08\u0106\u0043\u0108\u010A\u010C\u00C7\u0187\u023B",
-         }, {
-           base: 'D',
-           chars: "\u24B9\uFF24\u1E0A\u010E\u1E0C\u1E10\u1E12\u1E0E\u0110\u018A\u0189\u1D05\uA779",
-         }, {
-           base: 'Dh',
-           chars: "\u00D0",
-         }, {
-           base: 'DZ',
-           chars: "\u01F1\u01C4",
-         }, {
-           base: 'Dz',
-           chars: "\u01F2\u01C5",
-         }, {
-           base: 'E',
-           chars: "\u025B\u24BA\uFF25\u00C8\u00C9\u00CA\u1EC0\u1EBE\u1EC4\u1EC2\u1EBC\u0112\u1E14\u1E16\u0114\u0116\u00CB\u1EBA\u011A\u0204\u0206\u1EB8\u1EC6\u0228\u1E1C\u0118\u1E18\u1E1A\u0190\u018E\u1D07",
-         }, {
-           base: 'F',
-           chars: "\uA77C\u24BB\uFF26\u1E1E\u0191\uA77B",
-         }, {
-           base: 'G',
-           chars: "\u24BC\uFF27\u01F4\u011C\u1E20\u011E\u0120\u01E6\u0122\u01E4\u0193\uA7A0\uA77D\uA77E\u0262",
-         }, {
-           base: 'H',
-           chars: "\u24BD\uFF28\u0124\u1E22\u1E26\u021E\u1E24\u1E28\u1E2A\u0126\u2C67\u2C75\uA78D",
-         }, {
-           base: 'I',
-           chars: "\u24BE\uFF29\xCC\xCD\xCE\u0128\u012A\u012C\u0130\xCF\u1E2E\u1EC8\u01CF\u0208\u020A\u1ECA\u012E\u1E2C\u0197",
-         }, {
-           base: 'J',
-           chars: "\u24BF\uFF2A\u0134\u0248\u0237",
-         }, {
-           base: 'K',
-           chars: "\u24C0\uFF2B\u1E30\u01E8\u1E32\u0136\u1E34\u0198\u2C69\uA740\uA742\uA744\uA7A2",
-         }, {
-           base: 'L',
-           chars: "\u24C1\uFF2C\u013F\u0139\u013D\u1E36\u1E38\u013B\u1E3C\u1E3A\u0141\u023D\u2C62\u2C60\uA748\uA746\uA780",
-         }, {
-           base: 'LJ',
-           chars: "\u01C7",
-         }, {
-           base: 'Lj',
-           chars: "\u01C8",
-         }, {
-           base: 'M',
-           chars: "\u24C2\uFF2D\u1E3E\u1E40\u1E42\u2C6E\u019C\u03FB",
-         }, {
-           base: 'N',
-           chars: "\uA7A4\u0220\u24C3\uFF2E\u01F8\u0143\xD1\u1E44\u0147\u1E46\u0145\u1E4A\u1E48\u019D\uA790\u1D0E",
-         }, {
-           base: 'NJ',
-           chars: "\u01CA",
-         }, {
-           base: 'Nj',
-           chars: "\u01CB",
-         }, {
-           base: 'O',
-           chars: "\u24C4\uFF2F\xD2\xD3\xD4\u1ED2\u1ED0\u1ED6\u1ED4\xD5\u1E4C\u022C\u1E4E\u014C\u1E50\u1E52\u014E\u022E\u0230\xD6\u022A\u1ECE\u0150\u01D1\u020C\u020E\u01A0\u1EDC\u1EDA\u1EE0\u1EDE\u1EE2\u1ECC\u1ED8\u01EA\u01EC\xD8\u01FE\u0186\u019F\uA74A\uA74C",
-         }, {
-           base: 'OE',
-           chars: "\u0152",
-         }, {
-           base: 'OI',
-           chars: "\u01A2",
-         }, {
-           base: 'OO',
-           chars: "\uA74E",
-         }, {
-           base: 'OU',
-           chars: "\u0222",
-         }, {
-           base: 'P',
-           chars: "\u24C5\uFF30\u1E54\u1E56\u01A4\u2C63\uA750\uA752\uA754",
-         }, {
-           base: 'Q',
-           chars: "\u24C6\uFF31\uA756\uA758\u024A",
-         }, {
-           base: 'R',
-           chars: "\u24C7\uFF32\u0154\u1E58\u0158\u0210\u0212\u1E5A\u1E5C\u0156\u1E5E\u024C\u2C64\uA75A\uA7A6\uA782",
-         }, {
-           base: 'S',
-           chars: "\u24C8\uFF33\u1E9E\u015A\u1E64\u015C\u1E60\u0160\u1E66\u1E62\u1E68\u0218\u015E\u2C7E\uA7A8\uA784",
-         }, {
-           base: 'T',
-           chars: "\u24C9\uFF34\u1E6A\u0164\u1E6C\u021A\u0162\u1E70\u1E6E\u0166\u01AC\u01AE\u023E\uA786",
-         }, {
-           base: 'Th',
-           chars: "\u00DE",
-         }, {
-           base: 'TZ',
-           chars: "\uA728",
-         }, {
-           base: 'U',
-           chars: "\u24CA\uFF35\xD9\xDA\xDB\u0168\u1E78\u016A\u1E7A\u016C\xDC\u01DB\u01D7\u01D5\u01D9\u1EE6\u016E\u0170\u01D3\u0214\u0216\u01AF\u1EEA\u1EE8\u1EEE\u1EEC\u1EF0\u1EE4\u1E72\u0172\u1E76\u1E74\u0244",
-         }, {
-           base: 'V',
-           chars: "\u24CB\uFF36\u1E7C\u1E7E\u01B2\uA75E\u0245",
-         }, {
-           base: 'VY',
-           chars: "\uA760",
-         }, {
-           base: 'W',
-           chars: "\u24CC\uFF37\u1E80\u1E82\u0174\u1E86\u1E84\u1E88\u2C72",
-         }, {
-           base: 'X',
-           chars: "\u24CD\uFF38\u1E8A\u1E8C",
-         }, {
-           base: 'Y',
-           chars: "\u24CE\uFF39\u1EF2\xDD\u0176\u1EF8\u0232\u1E8E\u0178\u1EF6\u1EF4\u01B3\u024E\u1EFE",
-         }, {
-           base: 'Z',
-           chars: "\u24CF\uFF3A\u0179\u1E90\u017B\u017D\u1E92\u1E94\u01B5\u0224\u2C7F\u2C6B\uA762",
-         }, {
-           base: 'a',
-           chars: "\u24D0\uFF41\u1E9A\u00E0\u00E1\u00E2\u1EA7\u1EA5\u1EAB\u1EA9\u00E3\u0101\u0103\u1EB1\u1EAF\u1EB5\u1EB3\u0227\u01E1\u00E4\u01DF\u1EA3\u00E5\u01FB\u01CE\u0201\u0203\u1EA1\u1EAD\u1EB7\u1E01\u0105\u2C65\u0250\u0251",
-         }, {
-           base: 'aa',
-           chars: "\uA733",
-         }, {
-           base: 'ae',
-           chars: "\u00E6\u01FD\u01E3",
-         }, {
-           base: 'ao',
-           chars: "\uA735",
-         }, {
-           base: 'au',
-           chars: "\uA737",
-         }, {
-           base: 'av',
-           chars: "\uA739\uA73B",
-         }, {
-           base: 'ay',
-           chars: "\uA73D",
-         }, {
-           base: 'b',
-           chars: "\u24D1\uFF42\u1E03\u1E05\u1E07\u0180\u0183\u0253\u0182",
-         }, {
-           base: 'c',
-           chars: "\uFF43\u24D2\u0107\u0109\u010B\u010D\u00E7\u1E09\u0188\u023C\uA73F\u2184",
-         }, {
-           base: 'd',
-           chars: "\u24D3\uFF44\u1E0B\u010F\u1E0D\u1E11\u1E13\u1E0F\u0111\u018C\u0256\u0257\u018B\u13E7\u0501\uA7AA",
-         }, {
-           base: 'dh',
-           chars: "\u00F0",
-         }, {
-           base: 'dz',
-           chars: "\u01F3\u01C6",
-         }, {
-           base: 'e',
-           chars: "\u24D4\uFF45\u00E8\u00E9\u00EA\u1EC1\u1EBF\u1EC5\u1EC3\u1EBD\u0113\u1E15\u1E17\u0115\u0117\u00EB\u1EBB\u011B\u0205\u0207\u1EB9\u1EC7\u0229\u1E1D\u0119\u1E19\u1E1B\u0247\u01DD",
-         }, {
-           base: 'f',
-           chars: "\u24D5\uFF46\u1E1F\u0192",
-         }, {
-           base: 'ff',
-           chars: "\uFB00",
-         }, {
-           base: 'fi',
-           chars: "\uFB01",
-         }, {
-           base: 'fl',
-           chars: "\uFB02",
-         }, {
-           base: 'ffi',
-           chars: "\uFB03",
-         }, {
-           base: 'ffl',
-           chars: "\uFB04",
-         }, {
-           base: 'g',
-           chars: "\u24D6\uFF47\u01F5\u011D\u1E21\u011F\u0121\u01E7\u0123\u01E5\u0260\uA7A1\uA77F\u1D79",
-         }, {
-           base: 'h',
-           chars: "\u24D7\uFF48\u0125\u1E23\u1E27\u021F\u1E25\u1E29\u1E2B\u1E96\u0127\u2C68\u2C76\u0265",
-         }, {
-           base: 'hv',
-           chars: "\u0195",
-         }, {
-           base: 'i',
-           chars: "\u24D8\uFF49\xEC\xED\xEE\u0129\u012B\u012D\xEF\u1E2F\u1EC9\u01D0\u0209\u020B\u1ECB\u012F\u1E2D\u0268\u0131",
-         }, {
-           base: 'j',
-           chars: "\u24D9\uFF4A\u0135\u01F0\u0249",
-         }, {
-           base: 'k',
-           chars: "\u24DA\uFF4B\u1E31\u01E9\u1E33\u0137\u1E35\u0199\u2C6A\uA741\uA743\uA745\uA7A3",
-         }, {
-           base: 'l',
-           chars: "\u24DB\uFF4C\u0140\u013A\u013E\u1E37\u1E39\u013C\u1E3D\u1E3B\u017F\u0142\u019A\u026B\u2C61\uA749\uA781\uA747\u026D",
-         }, {
-           base: 'lj',
-           chars: "\u01C9",
-         }, {
-           base: 'm',
-           chars: "\u24DC\uFF4D\u1E3F\u1E41\u1E43\u0271\u026F",
-         }, {
-           base: 'n',
-           chars: "\u24DD\uFF4E\u01F9\u0144\xF1\u1E45\u0148\u1E47\u0146\u1E4B\u1E49\u019E\u0272\u0149\uA791\uA7A5\u043B\u0509",
-         }, {
-           base: 'nj',
-           chars: "\u01CC",
-         }, {
-           base: 'o',
-           chars: "\u24DE\uFF4F\xF2\xF3\xF4\u1ED3\u1ED1\u1ED7\u1ED5\xF5\u1E4D\u022D\u1E4F\u014D\u1E51\u1E53\u014F\u022F\u0231\xF6\u022B\u1ECF\u0151\u01D2\u020D\u020F\u01A1\u1EDD\u1EDB\u1EE1\u1EDF\u1EE3\u1ECD\u1ED9\u01EB\u01ED\xF8\u01FF\uA74B\uA74D\u0275\u0254\u1D11",
-         }, {
-           base: 'oe',
-           chars: "\u0153",
-         }, {
-           base: 'oi',
-           chars: "\u01A3",
-         }, {
-           base: 'oo',
-           chars: "\uA74F",
-         }, {
-           base: 'ou',
-           chars: "\u0223",
-         }, {
-           base: 'p',
-           chars: "\u24DF\uFF50\u1E55\u1E57\u01A5\u1D7D\uA751\uA753\uA755\u03C1",
-         }, {
-           base: 'q',
-           chars: "\u24E0\uFF51\u024B\uA757\uA759",
-         }, {
-           base: 'r',
-           chars: "\u24E1\uFF52\u0155\u1E59\u0159\u0211\u0213\u1E5B\u1E5D\u0157\u1E5F\u024D\u027D\uA75B\uA7A7\uA783",
-         }, {
-           base: 's',
-           chars: "\u24E2\uFF53\u015B\u1E65\u015D\u1E61\u0161\u1E67\u1E63\u1E69\u0219\u015F\u023F\uA7A9\uA785\u1E9B\u0282",
-         }, {
-           base: 'ss',
-           chars: "\xDF",
-         }, {
-           base: 't',
-           chars: "\u24E3\uFF54\u1E6B\u1E97\u0165\u1E6D\u021B\u0163\u1E71\u1E6F\u0167\u01AD\u0288\u2C66\uA787",
-         }, {
-           base: 'th',
-           chars: "\u00FE",
-         }, {
-           base: 'tz',
-           chars: "\uA729",
-         }, {
-           base: 'u',
-           chars: "\u24E4\uFF55\xF9\xFA\xFB\u0169\u1E79\u016B\u1E7B\u016D\xFC\u01DC\u01D8\u01D6\u01DA\u1EE7\u016F\u0171\u01D4\u0215\u0217\u01B0\u1EEB\u1EE9\u1EEF\u1EED\u1EF1\u1EE5\u1E73\u0173\u1E77\u1E75\u0289",
-         }, {
-           base: 'v',
-           chars: "\u24E5\uFF56\u1E7D\u1E7F\u028B\uA75F\u028C",
-         }, {
-           base: 'vy',
-           chars: "\uA761",
-         }, {
-           base: 'w',
-           chars: "\u24E6\uFF57\u1E81\u1E83\u0175\u1E87\u1E85\u1E98\u1E89\u2C73",
-         }, {
-           base: 'x',
-           chars: "\u24E7\uFF58\u1E8B\u1E8D",
-         }, {
-           base: 'y',
-           chars: "\u24E8\uFF59\u1EF3\xFD\u0177\u1EF9\u0233\u1E8F\xFF\u1EF7\u1E99\u1EF5\u01B4\u024F\u1EFF",
-         }, {
-           base: 'z',
-           chars: "\u24E9\uFF5A\u017A\u1E91\u017C\u017E\u1E93\u1E95\u01B6\u0225\u0240\u2C6C\uA763",
-         }
-       ];
+       function color_formatRgb() {
+         return this.rgb().formatRgb();
+       }
 
-       var diacriticsMap = {};
-       for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < replacementList.length; i$1 += 1) {
-         var chars = replacementList[i$1].chars;
-         for (var j = 0; j < chars.length; j += 1) {
-           diacriticsMap[chars[j]] = replacementList[i$1].base;
-         }
+       function color(format) {
+         var m, l;
+         format = (format + "").trim().toLowerCase();
+         return (m = reHex.exec(format)) ? (l = m[1].length, m = parseInt(m[1], 16), l === 6 ? rgbn(m) // #ff0000
+         : l === 3 ? new Rgb(m >> 8 & 0xf | m >> 4 & 0xf0, m >> 4 & 0xf | m & 0xf0, (m & 0xf) << 4 | m & 0xf, 1) // #f00
+         : l === 8 ? rgba(m >> 24 & 0xff, m >> 16 & 0xff, m >> 8 & 0xff, (m & 0xff) / 0xff) // #ff000000
+         : l === 4 ? rgba(m >> 12 & 0xf | m >> 8 & 0xf0, m >> 8 & 0xf | m >> 4 & 0xf0, m >> 4 & 0xf | m & 0xf0, ((m & 0xf) << 4 | m & 0xf) / 0xff) // #f000
+         : null // invalid hex
+         ) : (m = reRgbInteger.exec(format)) ? new Rgb(m[1], m[2], m[3], 1) // rgb(255, 0, 0)
+         : (m = reRgbPercent.exec(format)) ? new Rgb(m[1] * 255 / 100, m[2] * 255 / 100, m[3] * 255 / 100, 1) // rgb(100%, 0%, 0%)
+         : (m = reRgbaInteger.exec(format)) ? rgba(m[1], m[2], m[3], m[4]) // rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)
+         : (m = reRgbaPercent.exec(format)) ? rgba(m[1] * 255 / 100, m[2] * 255 / 100, m[3] * 255 / 100, m[4]) // rgb(100%, 0%, 0%, 1)
+         : (m = reHslPercent.exec(format)) ? hsla(m[1], m[2] / 100, m[3] / 100, 1) // hsl(120, 50%, 50%)
+         : (m = reHslaPercent.exec(format)) ? hsla(m[1], m[2] / 100, m[3] / 100, m[4]) // hsla(120, 50%, 50%, 1)
+         : named.hasOwnProperty(format) ? rgbn(named[format]) // eslint-disable-line no-prototype-builtins
+         : format === "transparent" ? new Rgb(NaN, NaN, NaN, 0) : null;
        }
 
-       function removeDiacritics(str) {
-         return str.replace(/[^\u0000-\u007e]/g, function(c) {
-           return diacriticsMap[c] || c;
-         });
+       function rgbn(n) {
+         return new Rgb(n >> 16 & 0xff, n >> 8 & 0xff, n & 0xff, 1);
        }
 
-       var replacementList_1 = replacementList;
-       var diacriticsMap_1 = diacriticsMap;
+       function rgba(r, g, b, a) {
+         if (a <= 0) r = g = b = NaN;
+         return new Rgb(r, g, b, a);
+       }
 
-       var diacritics = {
-               remove: remove$1,
-               replacementList: replacementList_1,
-               diacriticsMap: diacriticsMap_1
-       };
+       function rgbConvert(o) {
+         if (!(o instanceof Color)) o = color(o);
+         if (!o) return new Rgb();
+         o = o.rgb();
+         return new Rgb(o.r, o.g, o.b, o.opacity);
+       }
+       function rgb(r, g, b, opacity) {
+         return arguments.length === 1 ? rgbConvert(r) : new Rgb(r, g, b, opacity == null ? 1 : opacity);
+       }
+       function Rgb(r, g, b, opacity) {
+         this.r = +r;
+         this.g = +g;
+         this.b = +b;
+         this.opacity = +opacity;
+       }
+       define(Rgb, rgb, extend$3(Color, {
+         brighter: function brighter(k) {
+           k = k == null ? _brighter : Math.pow(_brighter, k);
+           return new Rgb(this.r * k, this.g * k, this.b * k, this.opacity);
+         },
+         darker: function darker(k) {
+           k = k == null ? _darker : Math.pow(_darker, k);
+           return new Rgb(this.r * k, this.g * k, this.b * k, this.opacity);
+         },
+         rgb: function rgb() {
+           return this;
+         },
+         displayable: function displayable() {
+           return -0.5 <= this.r && this.r < 255.5 && -0.5 <= this.g && this.g < 255.5 && -0.5 <= this.b && this.b < 255.5 && 0 <= this.opacity && this.opacity <= 1;
+         },
+         hex: rgb_formatHex,
+         // Deprecated! Use color.formatHex.
+         formatHex: rgb_formatHex,
+         formatRgb: rgb_formatRgb,
+         toString: rgb_formatRgb
+       }));
 
-       var isArabic_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
-       const arabicBlocks = [
-           [0x0600, 0x06FF],
-           [0x0750, 0x077F],
-           [0x08A0, 0x08FF],
-           [0xFB50, 0xFDFF],
-           [0xFE70, 0xFEFF],
-           [0x10E60, 0x10E7F],
-           [0x1EC70, 0x1ECBF],
-           [0x1EE00, 0x1EEFF] // Mathematical Alphabetic symbols https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1EE00.pdf
-       ];
-       function isArabic(char) {
-           if (char.length > 1) {
-               // allow the newer chars?
-               throw new Error('isArabic works on only one-character strings');
-           }
-           let code = char.charCodeAt(0);
-           for (let i = 0; i < arabicBlocks.length; i++) {
-               let block = arabicBlocks[i];
-               if (code >= block[0] && code <= block[1]) {
-                   return true;
-               }
-           }
-           return false;
+       function rgb_formatHex() {
+         return "#" + hex$1(this.r) + hex$1(this.g) + hex$1(this.b);
        }
-       exports.isArabic = isArabic;
-       function isMath(char) {
-           if (char.length > 2) {
-               // allow the newer chars?
-               throw new Error('isMath works on only one-character strings');
-           }
-           let code = char.charCodeAt(0);
-           return ((code >= 0x660 && code <= 0x66C) || (code >= 0x6F0 && code <= 0x6F9));
+
+       function rgb_formatRgb() {
+         var a = this.opacity;
+         a = isNaN(a) ? 1 : Math.max(0, Math.min(1, a));
+         return (a === 1 ? "rgb(" : "rgba(") + Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(this.r) || 0)) + ", " + Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(this.g) || 0)) + ", " + Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(this.b) || 0)) + (a === 1 ? ")" : ", " + a + ")");
        }
-       exports.isMath = isMath;
-       });
 
-       var unicodeArabic = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
-       const arabicReference = {
-           "alef": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0627"
-               ],
-               "madda_above": {
-                   "normal": [
-                       "\u0627\u0653",
-                       "\u0622"
-                   ],
-                   "isolated": "\uFE81",
-                   "final": "\uFE82"
-               },
-               "hamza_above": {
-                   "normal": [
-                       "\u0627\u0654",
-                       "\u0623"
-                   ],
-                   "isolated": "\uFE83",
-                   "final": "\uFE84"
-               },
-               "hamza_below": {
-                   "normal": [
-                       "\u0627\u0655",
-                       "\u0625"
-                   ],
-                   "isolated": "\uFE87",
-                   "final": "\uFE88"
-               },
-               "wasla": {
-                   "normal": "\u0671",
-                   "isolated": "\uFB50",
-                   "final": "\uFB51"
-               },
-               "wavy_hamza_above": [
-                   "\u0672"
-               ],
-               "wavy_hamza_below": [
-                   "\u0627\u065F",
-                   "\u0673"
-               ],
-               "high_hamza": [
-                   "\u0675",
-                   "\u0627\u0674"
-               ],
-               "indic_two_above": [
-                   "\u0773"
-               ],
-               "indic_three_above": [
-                   "\u0774"
-               ],
-               "fathatan": {
-                   "normal": [
-                       "\u0627\u064B"
-                   ],
-                   "final": "\uFD3C",
-                   "isolated": "\uFD3D"
-               },
-               "isolated": "\uFE8D",
-               "final": "\uFE8E"
-           },
-           "beh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0628"
-               ],
-               "dotless": [
-                   "\u066E"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_horizontally_below": [
-                   "\u0750"
-               ],
-               "dot_below_three_dots_above": [
-                   "\u0751"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": [
-                   "\u0752"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below_two_dots_above": [
-                   "\u0753"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_below_dot_above": [
-                   "\u0754"
-               ],
-               "inverted_small_v_below": [
-                   "\u0755"
-               ],
-               "small_v": [
-                   "\u0756"
-               ],
-               "small_v_below": [
-                   "\u08A0"
-               ],
-               "hamza_above": [
-                   "\u08A1"
-               ],
-               "small_meem_above": [
-                   "\u08B6"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFE8F",
-               "final": "\uFE90",
-               "initial": "\uFE91",
-               "medial": "\uFE92"
-           },
-           "teh marbuta": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0629"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFE93",
-               "final": "\uFE94"
-           },
-           "teh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u062A"
-               ],
-               "ring": [
-                   "\u067C"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_above_downwards": [
-                   "\u067D"
-               ],
-               "small_teh_above": [
-                   "\u08B8"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFE95",
-               "final": "\uFE96",
-               "initial": "\uFE97",
-               "medial": "\uFE98"
-           },
-           "theh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u062B"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFE99",
-               "final": "\uFE9A",
-               "initial": "\uFE9B",
-               "medial": "\uFE9C"
-           },
-           "jeem": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u062C"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_above": [
-                   "\u08A2"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFE9D",
-               "final": "\uFE9E",
-               "initial": "\uFE9F",
-               "medial": "\uFEA0"
-           },
-           "hah": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u062D"
-               ],
-               "hamza_above": [
-                   "\u0681"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_vertical_above": [
-                   "\u0682"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_above": [
-                   "\u0685"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_above": [
-                   "\u0757"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": [
-                   "\u0758"
-               ],
-               "small_tah_below": [
-                   "\u076E"
-               ],
-               "small_tah_two_dots": [
-                   "\u076F"
-               ],
-               "small_tah_above": [
-                   "\u0772"
-               ],
-               "indic_four_below": [
-                   "\u077C"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEA1",
-               "final": "\uFEA2",
-               "initial": "\uFEA3",
-               "medial": "\uFEA4"
-           },
-           "khah": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u062E"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEA5",
-               "final": "\uFEA6",
-               "initial": "\uFEA7",
-               "medial": "\uFEA8"
-           },
-           "dal": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u062F"
-               ],
-               "ring": [
-                   "\u0689"
-               ],
-               "dot_below": [
-                   "\u068A"
-               ],
-               "dot_below_small_tah": [
-                   "\u068B"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_above_downwards": [
-                   "\u068F"
-               ],
-               "four_dots_above": [
-                   "\u0690"
-               ],
-               "inverted_v": [
-                   "\u06EE"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_vertically_below_small_tah": [
-                   "\u0759"
-               ],
-               "inverted_small_v_below": [
-                   "\u075A"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_below": [
-                   "\u08AE"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEA9",
-               "final": "\uFEAA"
-           },
-           "thal": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0630"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEAB",
-               "final": "\uFEAC"
-           },
-           "reh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0631"
-               ],
-               "small_v": [
-                   "\u0692"
-               ],
-               "ring": [
-                   "\u0693"
-               ],
-               "dot_below": [
-                   "\u0694"
-               ],
-               "small_v_below": [
-                   "\u0695"
-               ],
-               "dot_below_dot_above": [
-                   "\u0696"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_above": [
-                   "\u0697"
-               ],
-               "four_dots_above": [
-                   "\u0699"
-               ],
-               "inverted_v": [
-                   "\u06EF"
-               ],
-               "stroke": [
-                   "\u075B"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_vertically_above": [
-                   "\u076B"
-               ],
-               "hamza_above": [
-                   "\u076C"
-               ],
-               "small_tah_two_dots": [
-                   "\u0771"
-               ],
-               "loop": [
-                   "\u08AA"
-               ],
-               "small_noon_above": [
-                   "\u08B9"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEAD",
-               "final": "\uFEAE"
-           },
-           "zain": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0632"
-               ],
-               "inverted_v_above": [
-                   "\u08B2"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEAF",
-               "final": "\uFEB0"
-           },
-           "seen": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0633"
-               ],
-               "dot_below_dot_above": [
-                   "\u069A"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_below": [
-                   "\u069B"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_below_three_dots_above": [
-                   "\u069C"
-               ],
-               "four_dots_above": [
-                   "\u075C"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_vertically_above": [
-                   "\u076D"
-               ],
-               "small_tah_two_dots": [
-                   "\u0770"
-               ],
-               "indic_four_above": [
-                   "\u077D"
-               ],
-               "inverted_v": [
-                   "\u077E"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEB1",
-               "final": "\uFEB2",
-               "initial": "\uFEB3",
-               "medial": "\uFEB4"
-           },
-           "sheen": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0634"
-               ],
-               "dot_below": [
-                   "\u06FA"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEB5",
-               "final": "\uFEB6",
-               "initial": "\uFEB7",
-               "medial": "\uFEB8"
-           },
-           "sad": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0635"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_below": [
-                   "\u069D"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_above": [
-                   "\u069E"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_below": [
-                   "\u08AF"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEB9",
-               "final": "\uFEBA",
-               "initial": "\uFEBB",
-               "medial": "\uFEBC"
-           },
-           "dad": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0636"
-               ],
-               "dot_below": [
-                   "\u06FB"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEBD",
-               "final": "\uFEBE",
-               "initial": "\uFEBF",
-               "medial": "\uFEC0"
-           },
-           "tah": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0637"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_above": [
-                   "\u069F"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_above": [
-                   "\u08A3"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEC1",
-               "final": "\uFEC2",
-               "initial": "\uFEC3",
-               "medial": "\uFEC4"
-           },
-           "zah": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0638"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEC5",
-               "final": "\uFEC6",
-               "initial": "\uFEC7",
-               "medial": "\uFEC8"
-           },
-           "ain": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0639"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_above": [
-                   "\u06A0"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_above": [
-                   "\u075D"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_pointing_downwards_above": [
-                   "\u075E"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_vertically_above": [
-                   "\u075F"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_below": [
-                   "\u08B3"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEC9",
-               "final": "\uFECA",
-               "initial": "\uFECB",
-               "medial": "\uFECC"
-           },
-           "ghain": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u063A"
-               ],
-               "dot_below": [
-                   "\u06FC"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFECD",
-               "final": "\uFECE",
-               "initial": "\uFECF",
-               "medial": "\uFED0"
-           },
-           "feh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0641"
-               ],
-               "dotless": [
-                   "\u06A1"
-               ],
-               "dot_moved_below": [
-                   "\u06A2"
-               ],
-               "dot_below": [
-                   "\u06A3"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_below": [
-                   "\u06A5"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_below": [
-                   "\u0760"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": [
-                   "\u0761"
-               ],
-               "dot_below_three_dots_above": [
-                   "\u08A4"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFED1",
-               "final": "\uFED2",
-               "initial": "\uFED3",
-               "medial": "\uFED4"
-           },
-           "qaf": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0642"
-               ],
-               "dotless": [
-                   "\u066F"
-               ],
-               "dot_above": [
-                   "\u06A7"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_above": [
-                   "\u06A8"
-               ],
-               "dot_below": [
-                   "\u08A5"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFED5",
-               "final": "\uFED6",
-               "initial": "\uFED7",
-               "medial": "\uFED8"
-           },
-           "kaf": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0643"
-               ],
-               "swash": [
-                   "\u06AA"
-               ],
-               "ring": [
-                   "\u06AB"
-               ],
-               "dot_above": [
-                   "\u06AC"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_below": [
-                   "\u06AE"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_above": [
-                   "\u077F"
-               ],
-               "dot_below": [
-                   "\u08B4"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFED9",
-               "final": "\uFEDA",
-               "initial": "\uFEDB",
-               "medial": "\uFEDC"
-           },
-           "lam": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0644"
-               ],
-               "small_v": [
-                   "\u06B5"
-               ],
-               "dot_above": [
-                   "\u06B6"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_above": [
-                   "\u06B7"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_below": [
-                   "\u06B8"
-               ],
-               "bar": [
-                   "\u076A"
-               ],
-               "double_bar": [
-                   "\u08A6"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEDD",
-               "final": "\uFEDE",
-               "initial": "\uFEDF",
-               "medial": "\uFEE0"
-           },
-           "meem": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0645"
-               ],
-               "dot_above": [
-                   "\u0765"
-               ],
-               "dot_below": [
-                   "\u0766"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_above": [
-                   "\u08A7"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEE1",
-               "final": "\uFEE2",
-               "initial": "\uFEE3",
-               "medial": "\uFEE4"
-           },
-           "noon": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0646"
-               ],
-               "dot_below": [
-                   "\u06B9"
-               ],
-               "ring": [
-                   "\u06BC"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_above": [
-                   "\u06BD"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_below": [
-                   "\u0767"
-               ],
-               "small_tah": [
-                   "\u0768"
-               ],
-               "small_v": [
-                   "\u0769"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEE5",
-               "final": "\uFEE6",
-               "initial": "\uFEE7",
-               "medial": "\uFEE8"
-           },
-           "heh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0647"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEE9",
-               "final": "\uFEEA",
-               "initial": "\uFEEB",
-               "medial": "\uFEEC"
-           },
-           "waw": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0648"
-               ],
-               "hamza_above": {
-                   "normal": [
-                       "\u0624",
-                       "\u0648\u0654"
-                   ],
-                   "isolated": "\uFE85",
-                   "final": "\uFE86"
-               },
-               "high_hamza": [
-                   "\u0676",
-                   "\u0648\u0674"
-               ],
-               "ring": [
-                   "\u06C4"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_above": [
-                   "\u06CA"
-               ],
-               "dot_above": [
-                   "\u06CF"
-               ],
-               "indic_two_above": [
-                   "\u0778"
-               ],
-               "indic_three_above": [
-                   "\u0779"
-               ],
-               "dot_within": [
-                   "\u08AB"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEED",
-               "final": "\uFEEE"
-           },
-           "alef_maksura": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0649"
-               ],
-               "hamza_above": [
-                   "\u0626",
-                   "\u064A\u0654"
-               ],
-               "initial": "\uFBE8",
-               "medial": "\uFBE9",
-               "isolated": "\uFEEF",
-               "final": "\uFEF0"
-           },
-           "yeh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u064A"
-               ],
-               "hamza_above": {
-                   "normal": [
-                       "\u0626",
-                       "\u0649\u0654"
-                   ],
-                   "isolated": "\uFE89",
-                   "final": "\uFE8A",
-                   "initial": "\uFE8B",
-                   "medial": "\uFE8C"
-               },
-               "two_dots_below_hamza_above": [
-                   "\u08A8"
-               ],
-               "high_hamza": [
-                   "\u0678",
-                   "\u064A\u0674"
-               ],
-               "tail": [
-                   "\u06CD"
-               ],
-               "small_v": [
-                   "\u06CE"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_below": [
-                   "\u06D1"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_below_dot_above": [
-                   "\u08A9"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_below_small_noon_above": [
-                   "\u08BA"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFEF1",
-               "final": "\uFEF2",
-               "initial": "\uFEF3",
-               "medial": "\uFEF4"
-           },
-           "tteh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0679"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB66",
-               "final": "\uFB67",
-               "initial": "\uFB68",
-               "medial": "\uFB69"
-           },
-           "tteheh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u067A"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB5E",
-               "final": "\uFB5F",
-               "initial": "\uFB60",
-               "medial": "\uFB61"
-           },
-           "beeh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u067B"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB52",
-               "final": "\uFB53",
-               "initial": "\uFB54",
-               "medial": "\uFB55"
-           },
-           "peh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u067E"
-               ],
-               "small_meem_above": [
-                   "\u08B7"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB56",
-               "final": "\uFB57",
-               "initial": "\uFB58",
-               "medial": "\uFB59"
-           },
-           "teheh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u067F"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB62",
-               "final": "\uFB63",
-               "initial": "\uFB64",
-               "medial": "\uFB65"
-           },
-           "beheh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0680"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB5A",
-               "final": "\uFB5B",
-               "initial": "\uFB5C",
-               "medial": "\uFB5D"
-           },
-           "nyeh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0683"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB76",
-               "final": "\uFB77",
-               "initial": "\uFB78",
-               "medial": "\uFB79"
-           },
-           "dyeh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0684"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB72",
-               "final": "\uFB73",
-               "initial": "\uFB74",
-               "medial": "\uFB75"
-           },
-           "tcheh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0686"
-               ],
-               "dot_above": [
-                   "\u06BF"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB7A",
-               "final": "\uFB7B",
-               "initial": "\uFB7C",
-               "medial": "\uFB7D"
-           },
-           "tcheheh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0687"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB7E",
-               "final": "\uFB7F",
-               "initial": "\uFB80",
-               "medial": "\uFB81"
-           },
-           "ddal": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0688"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB88",
-               "final": "\uFB89"
-           },
-           "dahal": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u068C"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB84",
-               "final": "\uFB85"
-           },
-           "ddahal": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u068D"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB82",
-               "final": "\uFB83"
-           },
-           "dul": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u068F",
-                   "\u068E"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB86",
-               "final": "\uFB87"
-           },
-           "rreh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0691"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB8C",
-               "final": "\uFB8D"
-           },
-           "jeh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u0698"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB8A",
-               "final": "\uFB8B"
-           },
-           "veh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06A4"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB6A",
-               "final": "\uFB6B",
-               "initial": "\uFB6C",
-               "medial": "\uFB6D"
-           },
-           "peheh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06A6"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB6E",
-               "final": "\uFB6F",
-               "initial": "\uFB70",
-               "medial": "\uFB71"
-           },
-           "keheh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06A9"
-               ],
-               "dot_above": [
-                   "\u0762"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_above": [
-                   "\u0763"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": [
-                   "\u0764"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB8E",
-               "final": "\uFB8F",
-               "initial": "\uFB90",
-               "medial": "\uFB91"
-           },
-           "ng": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06AD"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFBD3",
-               "final": "\uFBD4",
-               "initial": "\uFBD5",
-               "medial": "\uFBD6"
-           },
-           "gaf": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06AF"
-               ],
-               "ring": [
-                   "\u06B0"
-               ],
-               "two_dots_below": [
-                   "\u06B2"
-               ],
-               "three_dots_above": [
-                   "\u06B4"
-               ],
-               "inverted_stroke": [
-                   "\u08B0"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB92",
-               "final": "\uFB93",
-               "initial": "\uFB94",
-               "medial": "\uFB95"
-           },
-           "ngoeh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06B1"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB9A",
-               "final": "\uFB9B",
-               "initial": "\uFB9C",
-               "medial": "\uFB9D"
-           },
-           "gueh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06B3"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB96",
-               "final": "\uFB97",
-               "initial": "\uFB98",
-               "medial": "\uFB99"
-           },
-           "noon ghunna": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06BA"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFB9E",
-               "final": "\uFB9F"
-           },
-           "rnoon": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06BB"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFBA0",
-               "final": "\uFBA1",
-               "initial": "\uFBA2",
-               "medial": "\uFBA3"
-           },
-           "heh doachashmee": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06BE"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFBAA",
-               "final": "\uFBAB",
-               "initial": "\uFBAC",
-               "medial": "\uFBAD"
-           },
-           "heh goal": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06C1"
-               ],
-               "hamza_above": [
-                   "\u06C1\u0654",
-                   "\u06C2"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFBA6",
-               "final": "\uFBA7",
-               "initial": "\uFBA8",
-               "medial": "\uFBA9"
-           },
-           "teh marbuta goal": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06C3"
-               ]
-           },
-           "kirghiz oe": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06C5"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFBE0",
-               "final": "\uFBE1"
-           },
-           "oe": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06C6"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFBD9",
-               "final": "\uFBDA"
-           },
-           "u": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06C7"
-               ],
-               "hamza_above": {
-                   "normal": [
-                       "\u0677",
-                       "\u06C7\u0674"
-                   ],
-                   "isolated": "\uFBDD"
-               },
-               "isolated": "\uFBD7",
-               "final": "\uFBD8"
-           },
-           "yu": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06C8"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFBDB",
-               "final": "\uFBDC"
-           },
-           "kirghiz yu": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06C9"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFBE2",
-               "final": "\uFBE3"
-           },
-           "ve": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06CB"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFBDE",
-               "final": "\uFBDF"
-           },
-           "farsi yeh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06CC"
-               ],
-               "indic_two_above": [
-                   "\u0775"
-               ],
-               "indic_three_above": [
-                   "\u0776"
-               ],
-               "indic_four_above": [
-                   "\u0777"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFBFC",
-               "final": "\uFBFD",
-               "initial": "\uFBFE",
-               "medial": "\uFBFF"
-           },
-           "e": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06D0"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFBE4",
-               "final": "\uFBE5",
-               "initial": "\uFBE6",
-               "medial": "\uFBE7"
-           },
-           "yeh barree": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06D2"
-               ],
-               "hamza_above": {
-                   "normal": [
-                       "\u06D2\u0654",
-                       "\u06D3"
-                   ],
-                   "isolated": "\uFBB0",
-                   "final": "\uFBB1"
-               },
-               "indic_two_above": [
-                   "\u077A"
-               ],
-               "indic_three_above": [
-                   "\u077B"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\uFBAE",
-               "final": "\uFBAF"
-           },
-           "ae": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u06D5"
-               ],
-               "isolated": "\u06D5",
-               "final": "\uFEEA",
-               "yeh_above": {
-                   "normal": [
-                       "\u06C0",
-                       "\u06D5\u0654"
-                   ],
-                   "isolated": "\uFBA4",
-                   "final": "\uFBA5"
+       function hex$1(value) {
+         value = Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(value) || 0));
+         return (value < 16 ? "0" : "") + value.toString(16);
+       }
+
+       function hsla(h, s, l, a) {
+         if (a <= 0) h = s = l = NaN;else if (l <= 0 || l >= 1) h = s = NaN;else if (s <= 0) h = NaN;
+         return new Hsl(h, s, l, a);
+       }
+
+       function hslConvert(o) {
+         if (o instanceof Hsl) return new Hsl(o.h, o.s, o.l, o.opacity);
+         if (!(o instanceof Color)) o = color(o);
+         if (!o) return new Hsl();
+         if (o instanceof Hsl) return o;
+         o = o.rgb();
+         var r = o.r / 255,
+             g = o.g / 255,
+             b = o.b / 255,
+             min = Math.min(r, g, b),
+             max = Math.max(r, g, b),
+             h = NaN,
+             s = max - min,
+             l = (max + min) / 2;
+
+         if (s) {
+           if (r === max) h = (g - b) / s + (g < b) * 6;else if (g === max) h = (b - r) / s + 2;else h = (r - g) / s + 4;
+           s /= l < 0.5 ? max + min : 2 - max - min;
+           h *= 60;
+         } else {
+           s = l > 0 && l < 1 ? 0 : h;
+         }
+
+         return new Hsl(h, s, l, o.opacity);
+       }
+       function hsl(h, s, l, opacity) {
+         return arguments.length === 1 ? hslConvert(h) : new Hsl(h, s, l, opacity == null ? 1 : opacity);
+       }
+
+       function Hsl(h, s, l, opacity) {
+         this.h = +h;
+         this.s = +s;
+         this.l = +l;
+         this.opacity = +opacity;
+       }
+
+       define(Hsl, hsl, extend$3(Color, {
+         brighter: function brighter(k) {
+           k = k == null ? _brighter : Math.pow(_brighter, k);
+           return new Hsl(this.h, this.s, this.l * k, this.opacity);
+         },
+         darker: function darker(k) {
+           k = k == null ? _darker : Math.pow(_darker, k);
+           return new Hsl(this.h, this.s, this.l * k, this.opacity);
+         },
+         rgb: function rgb() {
+           var h = this.h % 360 + (this.h < 0) * 360,
+               s = isNaN(h) || isNaN(this.s) ? 0 : this.s,
+               l = this.l,
+               m2 = l + (l < 0.5 ? l : 1 - l) * s,
+               m1 = 2 * l - m2;
+           return new Rgb(hsl2rgb(h >= 240 ? h - 240 : h + 120, m1, m2), hsl2rgb(h, m1, m2), hsl2rgb(h < 120 ? h + 240 : h - 120, m1, m2), this.opacity);
+         },
+         displayable: function displayable() {
+           return (0 <= this.s && this.s <= 1 || isNaN(this.s)) && 0 <= this.l && this.l <= 1 && 0 <= this.opacity && this.opacity <= 1;
+         },
+         formatHsl: function formatHsl() {
+           var a = this.opacity;
+           a = isNaN(a) ? 1 : Math.max(0, Math.min(1, a));
+           return (a === 1 ? "hsl(" : "hsla(") + (this.h || 0) + ", " + (this.s || 0) * 100 + "%, " + (this.l || 0) * 100 + "%" + (a === 1 ? ")" : ", " + a + ")");
+         }
+       }));
+       /* From FvD 13.37, CSS Color Module Level 3 */
+
+       function hsl2rgb(h, m1, m2) {
+         return (h < 60 ? m1 + (m2 - m1) * h / 60 : h < 180 ? m2 : h < 240 ? m1 + (m2 - m1) * (240 - h) / 60 : m1) * 255;
+       }
+
+       var constant$1 = (function (x) {
+         return function () {
+           return x;
+         };
+       });
+
+       function linear$2(a, d) {
+         return function (t) {
+           return a + t * d;
+         };
+       }
+
+       function exponential(a, b, y) {
+         return a = Math.pow(a, y), b = Math.pow(b, y) - a, y = 1 / y, function (t) {
+           return Math.pow(a + t * b, y);
+         };
+       }
+       function gamma(y) {
+         return (y = +y) === 1 ? nogamma : function (a, b) {
+           return b - a ? exponential(a, b, y) : constant$1(isNaN(a) ? b : a);
+         };
+       }
+       function nogamma(a, b) {
+         var d = b - a;
+         return d ? linear$2(a, d) : constant$1(isNaN(a) ? b : a);
+       }
+
+       var d3_interpolateRgb = (function rgbGamma(y) {
+         var color = gamma(y);
+
+         function rgb$1(start, end) {
+           var r = color((start = rgb(start)).r, (end = rgb(end)).r),
+               g = color(start.g, end.g),
+               b = color(start.b, end.b),
+               opacity = nogamma(start.opacity, end.opacity);
+           return function (t) {
+             start.r = r(t);
+             start.g = g(t);
+             start.b = b(t);
+             start.opacity = opacity(t);
+             return start + "";
+           };
+         }
+
+         rgb$1.gamma = rgbGamma;
+         return rgb$1;
+       })(1);
+
+       function numberArray (a, b) {
+         if (!b) b = [];
+         var n = a ? Math.min(b.length, a.length) : 0,
+             c = b.slice(),
+             i;
+         return function (t) {
+           for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             c[i] = a[i] * (1 - t) + b[i] * t;
+           }
+
+           return c;
+         };
+       }
+       function isNumberArray(x) {
+         return ArrayBuffer.isView(x) && !(x instanceof DataView);
+       }
+
+       function genericArray(a, b) {
+         var nb = b ? b.length : 0,
+             na = a ? Math.min(nb, a.length) : 0,
+             x = new Array(na),
+             c = new Array(nb),
+             i;
+
+         for (i = 0; i < na; ++i) {
+           x[i] = interpolate$1(a[i], b[i]);
+         }
+
+         for (; i < nb; ++i) {
+           c[i] = b[i];
+         }
+
+         return function (t) {
+           for (i = 0; i < na; ++i) {
+             c[i] = x[i](t);
+           }
+
+           return c;
+         };
+       }
+
+       function date (a, b) {
+         var d = new Date();
+         return a = +a, b = +b, function (t) {
+           return d.setTime(a * (1 - t) + b * t), d;
+         };
+       }
+
+       function d3_interpolateNumber (a, b) {
+         return a = +a, b = +b, function (t) {
+           return a * (1 - t) + b * t;
+         };
+       }
+
+       function object (a, b) {
+         var i = {},
+             c = {},
+             k;
+         if (a === null || _typeof(a) !== "object") a = {};
+         if (b === null || _typeof(b) !== "object") b = {};
+
+         for (k in b) {
+           if (k in a) {
+             i[k] = interpolate$1(a[k], b[k]);
+           } else {
+             c[k] = b[k];
+           }
+         }
+
+         return function (t) {
+           for (k in i) {
+             c[k] = i[k](t);
+           }
+
+           return c;
+         };
+       }
+
+       var reA = /[-+]?(?:\d+\.?\d*|\.?\d+)(?:[eE][-+]?\d+)?/g,
+           reB = new RegExp(reA.source, "g");
+
+       function zero(b) {
+         return function () {
+           return b;
+         };
+       }
+
+       function one(b) {
+         return function (t) {
+           return b(t) + "";
+         };
+       }
+
+       function interpolateString (a, b) {
+         var bi = reA.lastIndex = reB.lastIndex = 0,
+             // scan index for next number in b
+         am,
+             // current match in a
+         bm,
+             // current match in b
+         bs,
+             // string preceding current number in b, if any
+         i = -1,
+             // index in s
+         s = [],
+             // string constants and placeholders
+         q = []; // number interpolators
+         // Coerce inputs to strings.
+
+         a = a + "", b = b + ""; // Interpolate pairs of numbers in a & b.
+
+         while ((am = reA.exec(a)) && (bm = reB.exec(b))) {
+           if ((bs = bm.index) > bi) {
+             // a string precedes the next number in b
+             bs = b.slice(bi, bs);
+             if (s[i]) s[i] += bs; // coalesce with previous string
+             else s[++i] = bs;
+           }
+
+           if ((am = am[0]) === (bm = bm[0])) {
+             // numbers in a & b match
+             if (s[i]) s[i] += bm; // coalesce with previous string
+             else s[++i] = bm;
+           } else {
+             // interpolate non-matching numbers
+             s[++i] = null;
+             q.push({
+               i: i,
+               x: d3_interpolateNumber(am, bm)
+             });
+           }
+
+           bi = reB.lastIndex;
+         } // Add remains of b.
+
+
+         if (bi < b.length) {
+           bs = b.slice(bi);
+           if (s[i]) s[i] += bs; // coalesce with previous string
+           else s[++i] = bs;
+         } // Special optimization for only a single match.
+         // Otherwise, interpolate each of the numbers and rejoin the string.
+
+
+         return s.length < 2 ? q[0] ? one(q[0].x) : zero(b) : (b = q.length, function (t) {
+           for (var i = 0, o; i < b; ++i) {
+             s[(o = q[i]).i] = o.x(t);
+           }
+
+           return s.join("");
+         });
+       }
+
+       function interpolate$1 (a, b) {
+         var t = _typeof(b),
+             c;
+
+         return b == null || t === "boolean" ? constant$1(b) : (t === "number" ? d3_interpolateNumber : t === "string" ? (c = color(b)) ? (b = c, d3_interpolateRgb) : interpolateString : b instanceof color ? d3_interpolateRgb : b instanceof Date ? date : isNumberArray(b) ? numberArray : Array.isArray(b) ? genericArray : typeof b.valueOf !== "function" && typeof b.toString !== "function" || isNaN(b) ? object : d3_interpolateNumber)(a, b);
+       }
+
+       function interpolateRound (a, b) {
+         return a = +a, b = +b, function (t) {
+           return Math.round(a * (1 - t) + b * t);
+         };
+       }
+
+       var degrees = 180 / Math.PI;
+       var identity$3 = {
+         translateX: 0,
+         translateY: 0,
+         rotate: 0,
+         skewX: 0,
+         scaleX: 1,
+         scaleY: 1
+       };
+       function decompose (a, b, c, d, e, f) {
+         var scaleX, scaleY, skewX;
+         if (scaleX = Math.sqrt(a * a + b * b)) a /= scaleX, b /= scaleX;
+         if (skewX = a * c + b * d) c -= a * skewX, d -= b * skewX;
+         if (scaleY = Math.sqrt(c * c + d * d)) c /= scaleY, d /= scaleY, skewX /= scaleY;
+         if (a * d < b * c) a = -a, b = -b, skewX = -skewX, scaleX = -scaleX;
+         return {
+           translateX: e,
+           translateY: f,
+           rotate: Math.atan2(b, a) * degrees,
+           skewX: Math.atan(skewX) * degrees,
+           scaleX: scaleX,
+           scaleY: scaleY
+         };
+       }
+
+       var svgNode;
+       /* eslint-disable no-undef */
+
+       function parseCss(value) {
+         var m = new (typeof DOMMatrix === "function" ? DOMMatrix : WebKitCSSMatrix)(value + "");
+         return m.isIdentity ? identity$3 : decompose(m.a, m.b, m.c, m.d, m.e, m.f);
+       }
+       function parseSvg(value) {
+         if (value == null) return identity$3;
+         if (!svgNode) svgNode = document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg", "g");
+         svgNode.setAttribute("transform", value);
+         if (!(value = svgNode.transform.baseVal.consolidate())) return identity$3;
+         value = value.matrix;
+         return decompose(value.a, value.b, value.c, value.d, value.e, value.f);
+       }
+
+       function interpolateTransform(parse, pxComma, pxParen, degParen) {
+         function pop(s) {
+           return s.length ? s.pop() + " " : "";
+         }
+
+         function translate(xa, ya, xb, yb, s, q) {
+           if (xa !== xb || ya !== yb) {
+             var i = s.push("translate(", null, pxComma, null, pxParen);
+             q.push({
+               i: i - 4,
+               x: d3_interpolateNumber(xa, xb)
+             }, {
+               i: i - 2,
+               x: d3_interpolateNumber(ya, yb)
+             });
+           } else if (xb || yb) {
+             s.push("translate(" + xb + pxComma + yb + pxParen);
+           }
+         }
+
+         function rotate(a, b, s, q) {
+           if (a !== b) {
+             if (a - b > 180) b += 360;else if (b - a > 180) a += 360; // shortest path
+
+             q.push({
+               i: s.push(pop(s) + "rotate(", null, degParen) - 2,
+               x: d3_interpolateNumber(a, b)
+             });
+           } else if (b) {
+             s.push(pop(s) + "rotate(" + b + degParen);
+           }
+         }
+
+         function skewX(a, b, s, q) {
+           if (a !== b) {
+             q.push({
+               i: s.push(pop(s) + "skewX(", null, degParen) - 2,
+               x: d3_interpolateNumber(a, b)
+             });
+           } else if (b) {
+             s.push(pop(s) + "skewX(" + b + degParen);
+           }
+         }
+
+         function scale(xa, ya, xb, yb, s, q) {
+           if (xa !== xb || ya !== yb) {
+             var i = s.push(pop(s) + "scale(", null, ",", null, ")");
+             q.push({
+               i: i - 4,
+               x: d3_interpolateNumber(xa, xb)
+             }, {
+               i: i - 2,
+               x: d3_interpolateNumber(ya, yb)
+             });
+           } else if (xb !== 1 || yb !== 1) {
+             s.push(pop(s) + "scale(" + xb + "," + yb + ")");
+           }
+         }
+
+         return function (a, b) {
+           var s = [],
+               // string constants and placeholders
+           q = []; // number interpolators
+
+           a = parse(a), b = parse(b);
+           translate(a.translateX, a.translateY, b.translateX, b.translateY, s, q);
+           rotate(a.rotate, b.rotate, s, q);
+           skewX(a.skewX, b.skewX, s, q);
+           scale(a.scaleX, a.scaleY, b.scaleX, b.scaleY, s, q);
+           a = b = null; // gc
+
+           return function (t) {
+             var i = -1,
+                 n = q.length,
+                 o;
+
+             while (++i < n) {
+               s[(o = q[i]).i] = o.x(t);
+             }
+
+             return s.join("");
+           };
+         };
+       }
+
+       var interpolateTransformCss = interpolateTransform(parseCss, "px, ", "px)", "deg)");
+       var interpolateTransformSvg = interpolateTransform(parseSvg, ", ", ")", ")");
+
+       var epsilon2 = 1e-12;
+
+       function cosh(x) {
+         return ((x = Math.exp(x)) + 1 / x) / 2;
+       }
+
+       function sinh(x) {
+         return ((x = Math.exp(x)) - 1 / x) / 2;
+       }
+
+       function tanh(x) {
+         return ((x = Math.exp(2 * x)) - 1) / (x + 1);
+       }
+
+       var interpolateZoom = (function zoomRho(rho, rho2, rho4) {
+         // p0 = [ux0, uy0, w0]
+         // p1 = [ux1, uy1, w1]
+         function zoom(p0, p1) {
+           var ux0 = p0[0],
+               uy0 = p0[1],
+               w0 = p0[2],
+               ux1 = p1[0],
+               uy1 = p1[1],
+               w1 = p1[2],
+               dx = ux1 - ux0,
+               dy = uy1 - uy0,
+               d2 = dx * dx + dy * dy,
+               i,
+               S; // Special case for u0 ≅ u1.
+
+           if (d2 < epsilon2) {
+             S = Math.log(w1 / w0) / rho;
+
+             i = function i(t) {
+               return [ux0 + t * dx, uy0 + t * dy, w0 * Math.exp(rho * t * S)];
+             };
+           } // General case.
+           else {
+             var d1 = Math.sqrt(d2),
+                 b0 = (w1 * w1 - w0 * w0 + rho4 * d2) / (2 * w0 * rho2 * d1),
+                 b1 = (w1 * w1 - w0 * w0 - rho4 * d2) / (2 * w1 * rho2 * d1),
+                 r0 = Math.log(Math.sqrt(b0 * b0 + 1) - b0),
+                 r1 = Math.log(Math.sqrt(b1 * b1 + 1) - b1);
+             S = (r1 - r0) / rho;
+
+             i = function i(t) {
+               var s = t * S,
+                   coshr0 = cosh(r0),
+                   u = w0 / (rho2 * d1) * (coshr0 * tanh(rho * s + r0) - sinh(r0));
+               return [ux0 + u * dx, uy0 + u * dy, w0 * coshr0 / cosh(rho * s + r0)];
+             };
+           }
+
+           i.duration = S * 1000 * rho / Math.SQRT2;
+           return i;
+         }
+
+         zoom.rho = function (_) {
+           var _1 = Math.max(1e-3, +_),
+               _2 = _1 * _1,
+               _4 = _2 * _2;
+
+           return zoomRho(_1, _2, _4);
+         };
+
+         return zoom;
+       })(Math.SQRT2, 2, 4);
+
+       function d3_quantize (interpolator, n) {
+         var samples = new Array(n);
+
+         for (var i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+           samples[i] = interpolator(i / (n - 1));
+         }
+
+         return samples;
+       }
+
+       var $$t = _export;
+       var bind$4 = functionBind;
+
+       // `Function.prototype.bind` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-function.prototype.bind
+       $$t({ target: 'Function', proto: true, forced: Function.bind !== bind$4 }, {
+         bind: bind$4
+       });
+
+       var frame = 0,
+           // is an animation frame pending?
+       timeout = 0,
+           // is a timeout pending?
+       interval = 0,
+           // are any timers active?
+       pokeDelay = 1000,
+           // how frequently we check for clock skew
+       taskHead,
+           taskTail,
+           clockLast = 0,
+           clockNow = 0,
+           clockSkew = 0,
+           clock = (typeof performance === "undefined" ? "undefined" : _typeof(performance)) === "object" && performance.now ? performance : Date,
+           setFrame = (typeof window === "undefined" ? "undefined" : _typeof(window)) === "object" && window.requestAnimationFrame ? window.requestAnimationFrame.bind(window) : function (f) {
+         setTimeout(f, 17);
+       };
+       function now$1() {
+         return clockNow || (setFrame(clearNow), clockNow = clock.now() + clockSkew);
+       }
+
+       function clearNow() {
+         clockNow = 0;
+       }
+
+       function Timer() {
+         this._call = this._time = this._next = null;
+       }
+       Timer.prototype = timer.prototype = {
+         constructor: Timer,
+         restart: function restart(callback, delay, time) {
+           if (typeof callback !== "function") throw new TypeError("callback is not a function");
+           time = (time == null ? now$1() : +time) + (delay == null ? 0 : +delay);
+
+           if (!this._next && taskTail !== this) {
+             if (taskTail) taskTail._next = this;else taskHead = this;
+             taskTail = this;
+           }
+
+           this._call = callback;
+           this._time = time;
+           sleep();
+         },
+         stop: function stop() {
+           if (this._call) {
+             this._call = null;
+             this._time = Infinity;
+             sleep();
+           }
+         }
+       };
+       function timer(callback, delay, time) {
+         var t = new Timer();
+         t.restart(callback, delay, time);
+         return t;
+       }
+       function timerFlush() {
+         now$1(); // Get the current time, if not already set.
+
+         ++frame; // Pretend we’ve set an alarm, if we haven’t already.
+
+         var t = taskHead,
+             e;
+
+         while (t) {
+           if ((e = clockNow - t._time) >= 0) t._call.call(null, e);
+           t = t._next;
+         }
+
+         --frame;
+       }
+
+       function wake() {
+         clockNow = (clockLast = clock.now()) + clockSkew;
+         frame = timeout = 0;
+
+         try {
+           timerFlush();
+         } finally {
+           frame = 0;
+           nap();
+           clockNow = 0;
+         }
+       }
+
+       function poke() {
+         var now = clock.now(),
+             delay = now - clockLast;
+         if (delay > pokeDelay) clockSkew -= delay, clockLast = now;
+       }
+
+       function nap() {
+         var t0,
+             t1 = taskHead,
+             t2,
+             time = Infinity;
+
+         while (t1) {
+           if (t1._call) {
+             if (time > t1._time) time = t1._time;
+             t0 = t1, t1 = t1._next;
+           } else {
+             t2 = t1._next, t1._next = null;
+             t1 = t0 ? t0._next = t2 : taskHead = t2;
+           }
+         }
+
+         taskTail = t0;
+         sleep(time);
+       }
+
+       function sleep(time) {
+         if (frame) return; // Soonest alarm already set, or will be.
+
+         if (timeout) timeout = clearTimeout(timeout);
+         var delay = time - clockNow; // Strictly less than if we recomputed clockNow.
+
+         if (delay > 24) {
+           if (time < Infinity) timeout = setTimeout(wake, time - clock.now() - clockSkew);
+           if (interval) interval = clearInterval(interval);
+         } else {
+           if (!interval) clockLast = clock.now(), interval = setInterval(poke, pokeDelay);
+           frame = 1, setFrame(wake);
+         }
+       }
+
+       function d3_timeout (callback, delay, time) {
+         var t = new Timer();
+         delay = delay == null ? 0 : +delay;
+         t.restart(function (elapsed) {
+           t.stop();
+           callback(elapsed + delay);
+         }, delay, time);
+         return t;
+       }
+
+       var emptyOn = dispatch$8("start", "end", "cancel", "interrupt");
+       var emptyTween = [];
+       var CREATED = 0;
+       var SCHEDULED = 1;
+       var STARTING = 2;
+       var STARTED = 3;
+       var RUNNING = 4;
+       var ENDING = 5;
+       var ENDED = 6;
+       function schedule (node, name, id, index, group, timing) {
+         var schedules = node.__transition;
+         if (!schedules) node.__transition = {};else if (id in schedules) return;
+         create$2(node, id, {
+           name: name,
+           index: index,
+           // For context during callback.
+           group: group,
+           // For context during callback.
+           on: emptyOn,
+           tween: emptyTween,
+           time: timing.time,
+           delay: timing.delay,
+           duration: timing.duration,
+           ease: timing.ease,
+           timer: null,
+           state: CREATED
+         });
+       }
+       function init(node, id) {
+         var schedule = get$1(node, id);
+         if (schedule.state > CREATED) throw new Error("too late; already scheduled");
+         return schedule;
+       }
+       function set(node, id) {
+         var schedule = get$1(node, id);
+         if (schedule.state > STARTED) throw new Error("too late; already running");
+         return schedule;
+       }
+       function get$1(node, id) {
+         var schedule = node.__transition;
+         if (!schedule || !(schedule = schedule[id])) throw new Error("transition not found");
+         return schedule;
+       }
+
+       function create$2(node, id, self) {
+         var schedules = node.__transition,
+             tween; // Initialize the self timer when the transition is created.
+         // Note the actual delay is not known until the first callback!
+
+         schedules[id] = self;
+         self.timer = timer(schedule, 0, self.time);
+
+         function schedule(elapsed) {
+           self.state = SCHEDULED;
+           self.timer.restart(start, self.delay, self.time); // If the elapsed delay is less than our first sleep, start immediately.
+
+           if (self.delay <= elapsed) start(elapsed - self.delay);
+         }
+
+         function start(elapsed) {
+           var i, j, n, o; // If the state is not SCHEDULED, then we previously errored on start.
+
+           if (self.state !== SCHEDULED) return stop();
+
+           for (i in schedules) {
+             o = schedules[i];
+             if (o.name !== self.name) continue; // While this element already has a starting transition during this frame,
+             // defer starting an interrupting transition until that transition has a
+             // chance to tick (and possibly end); see d3/d3-transition#54!
+
+             if (o.state === STARTED) return d3_timeout(start); // Interrupt the active transition, if any.
+
+             if (o.state === RUNNING) {
+               o.state = ENDED;
+               o.timer.stop();
+               o.on.call("interrupt", node, node.__data__, o.index, o.group);
+               delete schedules[i];
+             } // Cancel any pre-empted transitions.
+             else if (+i < id) {
+               o.state = ENDED;
+               o.timer.stop();
+               o.on.call("cancel", node, node.__data__, o.index, o.group);
+               delete schedules[i];
+             }
+           } // Defer the first tick to end of the current frame; see d3/d3#1576.
+           // Note the transition may be canceled after start and before the first tick!
+           // Note this must be scheduled before the start event; see d3/d3-transition#16!
+           // Assuming this is successful, subsequent callbacks go straight to tick.
+
+
+           d3_timeout(function () {
+             if (self.state === STARTED) {
+               self.state = RUNNING;
+               self.timer.restart(tick, self.delay, self.time);
+               tick(elapsed);
+             }
+           }); // Dispatch the start event.
+           // Note this must be done before the tween are initialized.
+
+           self.state = STARTING;
+           self.on.call("start", node, node.__data__, self.index, self.group);
+           if (self.state !== STARTING) return; // interrupted
+
+           self.state = STARTED; // Initialize the tween, deleting null tween.
+
+           tween = new Array(n = self.tween.length);
+
+           for (i = 0, j = -1; i < n; ++i) {
+             if (o = self.tween[i].value.call(node, node.__data__, self.index, self.group)) {
+               tween[++j] = o;
+             }
+           }
+
+           tween.length = j + 1;
+         }
+
+         function tick(elapsed) {
+           var t = elapsed < self.duration ? self.ease.call(null, elapsed / self.duration) : (self.timer.restart(stop), self.state = ENDING, 1),
+               i = -1,
+               n = tween.length;
+
+           while (++i < n) {
+             tween[i].call(node, t);
+           } // Dispatch the end event.
+
+
+           if (self.state === ENDING) {
+             self.on.call("end", node, node.__data__, self.index, self.group);
+             stop();
+           }
+         }
+
+         function stop() {
+           self.state = ENDED;
+           self.timer.stop();
+           delete schedules[id];
+
+           for (var i in schedules) {
+             return;
+           } // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars
+
+
+           delete node.__transition;
+         }
+       }
+
+       function interrupt (node, name) {
+         var schedules = node.__transition,
+             schedule,
+             active,
+             empty = true,
+             i;
+         if (!schedules) return;
+         name = name == null ? null : name + "";
+
+         for (i in schedules) {
+           if ((schedule = schedules[i]).name !== name) {
+             empty = false;
+             continue;
+           }
+
+           active = schedule.state > STARTING && schedule.state < ENDING;
+           schedule.state = ENDED;
+           schedule.timer.stop();
+           schedule.on.call(active ? "interrupt" : "cancel", node, node.__data__, schedule.index, schedule.group);
+           delete schedules[i];
+         }
+
+         if (empty) delete node.__transition;
+       }
+
+       function selection_interrupt (name) {
+         return this.each(function () {
+           interrupt(this, name);
+         });
+       }
+
+       function tweenRemove(id, name) {
+         var tween0, tween1;
+         return function () {
+           var schedule = set(this, id),
+               tween = schedule.tween; // If this node shared tween with the previous node,
+           // just assign the updated shared tween and we’re done!
+           // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
+
+           if (tween !== tween0) {
+             tween1 = tween0 = tween;
+
+             for (var i = 0, n = tween1.length; i < n; ++i) {
+               if (tween1[i].name === name) {
+                 tween1 = tween1.slice();
+                 tween1.splice(i, 1);
+                 break;
                }
-           },
-           "rohingya yeh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u08AC"
-               ]
-           },
-           "low alef": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u08AD"
-               ]
-           },
-           "straight waw": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u08B1"
-               ]
-           },
-           "african feh": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u08BB"
-               ]
-           },
-           "african qaf": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u08BC"
-               ]
-           },
-           "african noon": {
-               "normal": [
-                   "\u08BD"
-               ]
+             }
+           }
+
+           schedule.tween = tween1;
+         };
+       }
+
+       function tweenFunction(id, name, value) {
+         var tween0, tween1;
+         if (typeof value !== "function") throw new Error();
+         return function () {
+           var schedule = set(this, id),
+               tween = schedule.tween; // If this node shared tween with the previous node,
+           // just assign the updated shared tween and we’re done!
+           // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
+
+           if (tween !== tween0) {
+             tween1 = (tween0 = tween).slice();
+
+             for (var t = {
+               name: name,
+               value: value
+             }, i = 0, n = tween1.length; i < n; ++i) {
+               if (tween1[i].name === name) {
+                 tween1[i] = t;
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
+
+             if (i === n) tween1.push(t);
+           }
+
+           schedule.tween = tween1;
+         };
+       }
+
+       function transition_tween (name, value) {
+         var id = this._id;
+         name += "";
+
+         if (arguments.length < 2) {
+           var tween = get$1(this.node(), id).tween;
+
+           for (var i = 0, n = tween.length, t; i < n; ++i) {
+             if ((t = tween[i]).name === name) {
+               return t.value;
+             }
+           }
+
+           return null;
+         }
+
+         return this.each((value == null ? tweenRemove : tweenFunction)(id, name, value));
+       }
+       function tweenValue(transition, name, value) {
+         var id = transition._id;
+         transition.each(function () {
+           var schedule = set(this, id);
+           (schedule.value || (schedule.value = {}))[name] = value.apply(this, arguments);
+         });
+         return function (node) {
+           return get$1(node, id).value[name];
+         };
+       }
+
+       function interpolate (a, b) {
+         var c;
+         return (typeof b === "number" ? d3_interpolateNumber : b instanceof color ? d3_interpolateRgb : (c = color(b)) ? (b = c, d3_interpolateRgb) : interpolateString)(a, b);
+       }
+
+       function attrRemove(name) {
+         return function () {
+           this.removeAttribute(name);
+         };
+       }
+
+       function attrRemoveNS(fullname) {
+         return function () {
+           this.removeAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
+         };
+       }
+
+       function attrConstant(name, interpolate, value1) {
+         var string00,
+             string1 = value1 + "",
+             interpolate0;
+         return function () {
+           var string0 = this.getAttribute(name);
+           return string0 === string1 ? null : string0 === string00 ? interpolate0 : interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1);
+         };
+       }
+
+       function attrConstantNS(fullname, interpolate, value1) {
+         var string00,
+             string1 = value1 + "",
+             interpolate0;
+         return function () {
+           var string0 = this.getAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
+           return string0 === string1 ? null : string0 === string00 ? interpolate0 : interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1);
+         };
+       }
+
+       function attrFunction(name, interpolate, value) {
+         var string00, string10, interpolate0;
+         return function () {
+           var string0,
+               value1 = value(this),
+               string1;
+           if (value1 == null) return void this.removeAttribute(name);
+           string0 = this.getAttribute(name);
+           string1 = value1 + "";
+           return string0 === string1 ? null : string0 === string00 && string1 === string10 ? interpolate0 : (string10 = string1, interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1));
+         };
+       }
+
+       function attrFunctionNS(fullname, interpolate, value) {
+         var string00, string10, interpolate0;
+         return function () {
+           var string0,
+               value1 = value(this),
+               string1;
+           if (value1 == null) return void this.removeAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
+           string0 = this.getAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
+           string1 = value1 + "";
+           return string0 === string1 ? null : string0 === string00 && string1 === string10 ? interpolate0 : (string10 = string1, interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1));
+         };
+       }
+
+       function transition_attr (name, value) {
+         var fullname = namespace(name),
+             i = fullname === "transform" ? interpolateTransformSvg : interpolate;
+         return this.attrTween(name, typeof value === "function" ? (fullname.local ? attrFunctionNS : attrFunction)(fullname, i, tweenValue(this, "attr." + name, value)) : value == null ? (fullname.local ? attrRemoveNS : attrRemove)(fullname) : (fullname.local ? attrConstantNS : attrConstant)(fullname, i, value));
+       }
+
+       function attrInterpolate(name, i) {
+         return function (t) {
+           this.setAttribute(name, i.call(this, t));
+         };
+       }
+
+       function attrInterpolateNS(fullname, i) {
+         return function (t) {
+           this.setAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local, i.call(this, t));
+         };
+       }
+
+       function attrTweenNS(fullname, value) {
+         var t0, i0;
+
+         function tween() {
+           var i = value.apply(this, arguments);
+           if (i !== i0) t0 = (i0 = i) && attrInterpolateNS(fullname, i);
+           return t0;
+         }
+
+         tween._value = value;
+         return tween;
+       }
+
+       function attrTween(name, value) {
+         var t0, i0;
+
+         function tween() {
+           var i = value.apply(this, arguments);
+           if (i !== i0) t0 = (i0 = i) && attrInterpolate(name, i);
+           return t0;
+         }
+
+         tween._value = value;
+         return tween;
+       }
+
+       function transition_attrTween (name, value) {
+         var key = "attr." + name;
+         if (arguments.length < 2) return (key = this.tween(key)) && key._value;
+         if (value == null) return this.tween(key, null);
+         if (typeof value !== "function") throw new Error();
+         var fullname = namespace(name);
+         return this.tween(key, (fullname.local ? attrTweenNS : attrTween)(fullname, value));
+       }
+
+       function delayFunction(id, value) {
+         return function () {
+           init(this, id).delay = +value.apply(this, arguments);
+         };
+       }
+
+       function delayConstant(id, value) {
+         return value = +value, function () {
+           init(this, id).delay = value;
+         };
+       }
+
+       function transition_delay (value) {
+         var id = this._id;
+         return arguments.length ? this.each((typeof value === "function" ? delayFunction : delayConstant)(id, value)) : get$1(this.node(), id).delay;
+       }
+
+       function durationFunction(id, value) {
+         return function () {
+           set(this, id).duration = +value.apply(this, arguments);
+         };
+       }
+
+       function durationConstant(id, value) {
+         return value = +value, function () {
+           set(this, id).duration = value;
+         };
+       }
+
+       function transition_duration (value) {
+         var id = this._id;
+         return arguments.length ? this.each((typeof value === "function" ? durationFunction : durationConstant)(id, value)) : get$1(this.node(), id).duration;
+       }
+
+       function easeConstant(id, value) {
+         if (typeof value !== "function") throw new Error();
+         return function () {
+           set(this, id).ease = value;
+         };
+       }
+
+       function transition_ease (value) {
+         var id = this._id;
+         return arguments.length ? this.each(easeConstant(id, value)) : get$1(this.node(), id).ease;
+       }
+
+       function easeVarying(id, value) {
+         return function () {
+           var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
+           if (typeof v !== "function") throw new Error();
+           set(this, id).ease = v;
+         };
+       }
+
+       function transition_easeVarying (value) {
+         if (typeof value !== "function") throw new Error();
+         return this.each(easeVarying(this._id, value));
+       }
+
+       function transition_filter (match) {
+         if (typeof match !== "function") match = matcher(match);
+
+         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, subgroup = subgroups[j] = [], node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             if ((node = group[i]) && match.call(node, node.__data__, i, group)) {
+               subgroup.push(node);
+             }
+           }
+         }
+
+         return new Transition(subgroups, this._parents, this._name, this._id);
+       }
+
+       function transition_merge (transition) {
+         if (transition._id !== this._id) throw new Error();
+
+         for (var groups0 = this._groups, groups1 = transition._groups, m0 = groups0.length, m1 = groups1.length, m = Math.min(m0, m1), merges = new Array(m0), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+           for (var group0 = groups0[j], group1 = groups1[j], n = group0.length, merge = merges[j] = new Array(n), node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             if (node = group0[i] || group1[i]) {
+               merge[i] = node;
+             }
+           }
+         }
+
+         for (; j < m0; ++j) {
+           merges[j] = groups0[j];
+         }
+
+         return new Transition(merges, this._parents, this._name, this._id);
+       }
+
+       function start(name) {
+         return (name + "").trim().split(/^|\s+/).every(function (t) {
+           var i = t.indexOf(".");
+           if (i >= 0) t = t.slice(0, i);
+           return !t || t === "start";
+         });
+       }
+
+       function onFunction(id, name, listener) {
+         var on0,
+             on1,
+             sit = start(name) ? init : set;
+         return function () {
+           var schedule = sit(this, id),
+               on = schedule.on; // If this node shared a dispatch with the previous node,
+           // just assign the updated shared dispatch and we’re done!
+           // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
+
+           if (on !== on0) (on1 = (on0 = on).copy()).on(name, listener);
+           schedule.on = on1;
+         };
+       }
+
+       function transition_on (name, listener) {
+         var id = this._id;
+         return arguments.length < 2 ? get$1(this.node(), id).on.on(name) : this.each(onFunction(id, name, listener));
+       }
+
+       function removeFunction(id) {
+         return function () {
+           var parent = this.parentNode;
+
+           for (var i in this.__transition) {
+             if (+i !== id) return;
+           }
+
+           if (parent) parent.removeChild(this);
+         };
+       }
+
+       function transition_remove () {
+         return this.on("end.remove", removeFunction(this._id));
+       }
+
+       function transition_select (select) {
+         var name = this._name,
+             id = this._id;
+         if (typeof select !== "function") select = selector(select);
+
+         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, subgroup = subgroups[j] = new Array(n), node, subnode, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             if ((node = group[i]) && (subnode = select.call(node, node.__data__, i, group))) {
+               if ("__data__" in node) subnode.__data__ = node.__data__;
+               subgroup[i] = subnode;
+               schedule(subgroup[i], name, id, i, subgroup, get$1(node, id));
+             }
+           }
+         }
+
+         return new Transition(subgroups, this._parents, name, id);
+       }
+
+       function transition_selectAll (select) {
+         var name = this._name,
+             id = this._id;
+         if (typeof select !== "function") select = selectorAll(select);
+
+         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = [], parents = [], j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             if (node = group[i]) {
+               for (var children = select.call(node, node.__data__, i, group), child, inherit = get$1(node, id), k = 0, l = children.length; k < l; ++k) {
+                 if (child = children[k]) {
+                   schedule(child, name, id, k, children, inherit);
+                 }
+               }
+
+               subgroups.push(children);
+               parents.push(node);
+             }
+           }
+         }
+
+         return new Transition(subgroups, parents, name, id);
+       }
+
+       var Selection = selection.prototype.constructor;
+       function transition_selection () {
+         return new Selection(this._groups, this._parents);
+       }
+
+       function styleNull(name, interpolate) {
+         var string00, string10, interpolate0;
+         return function () {
+           var string0 = styleValue(this, name),
+               string1 = (this.style.removeProperty(name), styleValue(this, name));
+           return string0 === string1 ? null : string0 === string00 && string1 === string10 ? interpolate0 : interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, string10 = string1);
+         };
+       }
+
+       function styleRemove(name) {
+         return function () {
+           this.style.removeProperty(name);
+         };
+       }
+
+       function styleConstant(name, interpolate, value1) {
+         var string00,
+             string1 = value1 + "",
+             interpolate0;
+         return function () {
+           var string0 = styleValue(this, name);
+           return string0 === string1 ? null : string0 === string00 ? interpolate0 : interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1);
+         };
+       }
+
+       function styleFunction(name, interpolate, value) {
+         var string00, string10, interpolate0;
+         return function () {
+           var string0 = styleValue(this, name),
+               value1 = value(this),
+               string1 = value1 + "";
+           if (value1 == null) string1 = value1 = (this.style.removeProperty(name), styleValue(this, name));
+           return string0 === string1 ? null : string0 === string00 && string1 === string10 ? interpolate0 : (string10 = string1, interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1));
+         };
+       }
+
+       function styleMaybeRemove(id, name) {
+         var on0,
+             on1,
+             listener0,
+             key = "style." + name,
+             event = "end." + key,
+             remove;
+         return function () {
+           var schedule = set(this, id),
+               on = schedule.on,
+               listener = schedule.value[key] == null ? remove || (remove = styleRemove(name)) : undefined; // If this node shared a dispatch with the previous node,
+           // just assign the updated shared dispatch and we’re done!
+           // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
+
+           if (on !== on0 || listener0 !== listener) (on1 = (on0 = on).copy()).on(event, listener0 = listener);
+           schedule.on = on1;
+         };
+       }
+
+       function transition_style (name, value, priority) {
+         var i = (name += "") === "transform" ? interpolateTransformCss : interpolate;
+         return value == null ? this.styleTween(name, styleNull(name, i)).on("end.style." + name, styleRemove(name)) : typeof value === "function" ? this.styleTween(name, styleFunction(name, i, tweenValue(this, "style." + name, value))).each(styleMaybeRemove(this._id, name)) : this.styleTween(name, styleConstant(name, i, value), priority).on("end.style." + name, null);
+       }
+
+       function styleInterpolate(name, i, priority) {
+         return function (t) {
+           this.style.setProperty(name, i.call(this, t), priority);
+         };
+       }
+
+       function styleTween(name, value, priority) {
+         var t, i0;
+
+         function tween() {
+           var i = value.apply(this, arguments);
+           if (i !== i0) t = (i0 = i) && styleInterpolate(name, i, priority);
+           return t;
+         }
+
+         tween._value = value;
+         return tween;
+       }
+
+       function transition_styleTween (name, value, priority) {
+         var key = "style." + (name += "");
+         if (arguments.length < 2) return (key = this.tween(key)) && key._value;
+         if (value == null) return this.tween(key, null);
+         if (typeof value !== "function") throw new Error();
+         return this.tween(key, styleTween(name, value, priority == null ? "" : priority));
+       }
+
+       function textConstant(value) {
+         return function () {
+           this.textContent = value;
+         };
+       }
+
+       function textFunction(value) {
+         return function () {
+           var value1 = value(this);
+           this.textContent = value1 == null ? "" : value1;
+         };
+       }
+
+       function transition_text (value) {
+         return this.tween("text", typeof value === "function" ? textFunction(tweenValue(this, "text", value)) : textConstant(value == null ? "" : value + ""));
+       }
+
+       function textInterpolate(i) {
+         return function (t) {
+           this.textContent = i.call(this, t);
+         };
+       }
+
+       function textTween(value) {
+         var t0, i0;
+
+         function tween() {
+           var i = value.apply(this, arguments);
+           if (i !== i0) t0 = (i0 = i) && textInterpolate(i);
+           return t0;
+         }
+
+         tween._value = value;
+         return tween;
+       }
+
+       function transition_textTween (value) {
+         var key = "text";
+         if (arguments.length < 1) return (key = this.tween(key)) && key._value;
+         if (value == null) return this.tween(key, null);
+         if (typeof value !== "function") throw new Error();
+         return this.tween(key, textTween(value));
+       }
+
+       function transition_transition () {
+         var name = this._name,
+             id0 = this._id,
+             id1 = newId();
+
+         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             if (node = group[i]) {
+               var inherit = get$1(node, id0);
+               schedule(node, name, id1, i, group, {
+                 time: inherit.time + inherit.delay + inherit.duration,
+                 delay: 0,
+                 duration: inherit.duration,
+                 ease: inherit.ease
+               });
+             }
            }
+         }
+
+         return new Transition(groups, this._parents, name, id1);
+       }
+
+       function transition_end () {
+         var on0,
+             on1,
+             that = this,
+             id = that._id,
+             size = that.size();
+         return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
+           var cancel = {
+             value: reject
+           },
+               end = {
+             value: function value() {
+               if (--size === 0) resolve();
+             }
+           };
+           that.each(function () {
+             var schedule = set(this, id),
+                 on = schedule.on; // If this node shared a dispatch with the previous node,
+             // just assign the updated shared dispatch and we’re done!
+             // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
+
+             if (on !== on0) {
+               on1 = (on0 = on).copy();
+
+               on1._.cancel.push(cancel);
+
+               on1._.interrupt.push(cancel);
+
+               on1._.end.push(end);
+             }
+
+             schedule.on = on1;
+           }); // The selection was empty, resolve end immediately
+
+           if (size === 0) resolve();
+         });
+       }
+
+       var id = 0;
+       function Transition(groups, parents, name, id) {
+         this._groups = groups;
+         this._parents = parents;
+         this._name = name;
+         this._id = id;
+       }
+       function newId() {
+         return ++id;
+       }
+       var selection_prototype = selection.prototype;
+       Transition.prototype = _defineProperty({
+         constructor: Transition,
+         select: transition_select,
+         selectAll: transition_selectAll,
+         filter: transition_filter,
+         merge: transition_merge,
+         selection: transition_selection,
+         transition: transition_transition,
+         call: selection_prototype.call,
+         nodes: selection_prototype.nodes,
+         node: selection_prototype.node,
+         size: selection_prototype.size,
+         empty: selection_prototype.empty,
+         each: selection_prototype.each,
+         on: transition_on,
+         attr: transition_attr,
+         attrTween: transition_attrTween,
+         style: transition_style,
+         styleTween: transition_styleTween,
+         text: transition_text,
+         textTween: transition_textTween,
+         remove: transition_remove,
+         tween: transition_tween,
+         delay: transition_delay,
+         duration: transition_duration,
+         ease: transition_ease,
+         easeVarying: transition_easeVarying,
+         end: transition_end
+       }, Symbol.iterator, selection_prototype[Symbol.iterator]);
+
+       var linear$1 = function linear(t) {
+         return +t;
        };
-       exports.default = arabicReference;
-       });
 
-       var unicodeLigatures = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
-       const ligatureReference = {
-           "\u0626\u0627": {
-               "isolated": "\uFBEA",
-               "final": "\uFBEB"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u06D5": {
-               "isolated": "\uFBEC",
-               "final": "\uFBED"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u0648": {
-               "isolated": "\uFBEE",
-               "final": "\uFBEF"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u06C7": {
-               "isolated": "\uFBF0",
-               "final": "\uFBF1"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u06C6": {
-               "isolated": "\uFBF2",
-               "final": "\uFBF3"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u06C8": {
-               "isolated": "\uFBF4",
-               "final": "\uFBF5"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u06D0": {
-               "isolated": "\uFBF6",
-               "final": "\uFBF7",
-               "initial": "\uFBF8"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u0649": {
-               "uighur_kirghiz": {
-                   "isolated": "\uFBF9",
-                   "final": "\uFBFA",
-                   "initial": "\uFBFB"
-               },
-               "isolated": "\uFC03",
-               "final": "\uFC68"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC00",
-               "initial": "\uFC97"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC01",
-               "initial": "\uFC98"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC02",
-               "final": "\uFC66",
-               "initial": "\uFC9A",
-               "medial": "\uFCDF"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC04",
-               "final": "\uFC69"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC05",
-               "initial": "\uFC9C"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC06",
-               "initial": "\uFC9D"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u062E": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC07",
-               "initial": "\uFC9E"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC08",
-               "final": "\uFC6C",
-               "initial": "\uFC9F",
-               "medial": "\uFCE1"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC09",
-               "final": "\uFC6E"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC0A",
-               "final": "\uFC6F"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC0B",
-               "initial": "\uFCA1"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC0C",
-               "initial": "\uFCA2"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062E": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC0D",
-               "initial": "\uFCA3"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC0E",
-               "final": "\uFC72",
-               "initial": "\uFCA4",
-               "medial": "\uFCE3"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC0F",
-               "final": "\uFC74"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC10",
-               "final": "\uFC75"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC11"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC12",
-               "final": "\uFC78",
-               "initial": "\uFCA6",
-               "medial": "\uFCE5"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC13",
-               "final": "\uFC7A"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u0648": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC14"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC15",
-               "initial": "\uFCA7"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC16",
-               "initial": "\uFCA8"
-           },
-           "\u062D\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC17",
-               "initial": "\uFCA9"
-           },
-           "\u062D\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC18",
-               "initial": "\uFCAA"
-           },
-           "\u062E\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC19",
-               "initial": "\uFCAB"
-           },
-           "\u062E\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC1A"
-           },
-           "\u062E\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC1B",
-               "initial": "\uFCAC"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC1C",
-               "initial": "\uFCAD",
-               "medial": "\uFD34"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC1D",
-               "initial": "\uFCAE",
-               "medial": "\uFD35"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u062E": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC1E",
-               "initial": "\uFCAF",
-               "medial": "\uFD36"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC1F",
-               "initial": "\uFCB0",
-               "medial": "\uFCE7"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC20",
-               "initial": "\uFCB1"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC21",
-               "initial": "\uFCB3"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC22",
-               "initial": "\uFCB4"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC23",
-               "initial": "\uFCB5"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u062E": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC24",
-               "initial": "\uFCB6"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC25",
-               "initial": "\uFCB7"
-           },
-           "\u0637\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC26",
-               "initial": "\uFCB8"
-           },
-           "\u0637\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC27",
-               "initial": "\uFD33",
-               "medial": "\uFD3A"
-           },
-           "\u0638\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC28",
-               "initial": "\uFCB9",
-               "medial": "\uFD3B"
-           },
-           "\u0639\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC29",
-               "initial": "\uFCBA"
-           },
-           "\u0639\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC2A",
-               "initial": "\uFCBB"
-           },
-           "\u063A\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC2B",
-               "initial": "\uFCBC"
-           },
-           "\u063A\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC2C",
-               "initial": "\uFCBD"
-           },
-           "\u0641\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC2D",
-               "initial": "\uFCBE"
-           },
-           "\u0641\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC2E",
-               "initial": "\uFCBF"
-           },
-           "\u0641\u062E": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC2F",
-               "initial": "\uFCC0"
-           },
-           "\u0641\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC30",
-               "initial": "\uFCC1"
-           },
-           "\u0641\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC31",
-               "final": "\uFC7C"
-           },
-           "\u0641\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC32",
-               "final": "\uFC7D"
-           },
-           "\u0642\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC33",
-               "initial": "\uFCC2"
-           },
-           "\u0642\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC34",
-               "initial": "\uFCC3"
-           },
-           "\u0642\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC35",
-               "final": "\uFC7E"
-           },
-           "\u0642\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC36",
-               "final": "\uFC7F"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u0627": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC37",
-               "final": "\uFC80"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC38",
-               "initial": "\uFCC4"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC39",
-               "initial": "\uFCC5"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u062E": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC3A",
-               "initial": "\uFCC6"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u0644": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC3B",
-               "final": "\uFC81",
-               "initial": "\uFCC7",
-               "medial": "\uFCEB"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC3C",
-               "final": "\uFC82",
-               "initial": "\uFCC8",
-               "medial": "\uFCEC"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC3D",
-               "final": "\uFC83"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC3E",
-               "final": "\uFC84"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC3F",
-               "initial": "\uFCC9"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC40",
-               "initial": "\uFCCA"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062E": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC41",
-               "initial": "\uFCCB"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC42",
-               "final": "\uFC85",
-               "initial": "\uFCCC",
-               "medial": "\uFCED"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC43",
-               "final": "\uFC86"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC44",
-               "final": "\uFC87"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC45",
-               "initial": "\uFCCE"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC46",
-               "initial": "\uFCCF"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062E": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC47",
-               "initial": "\uFCD0"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC48",
-               "final": "\uFC89",
-               "initial": "\uFCD1"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC49"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC4A"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC4B",
-               "initial": "\uFCD2"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC4C",
-               "initial": "\uFCD3"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062E": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC4D",
-               "initial": "\uFCD4"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC4E",
-               "final": "\uFC8C",
-               "initial": "\uFCD5",
-               "medial": "\uFCEE"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC4F",
-               "final": "\uFC8E"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC50",
-               "final": "\uFC8F"
-           },
-           "\u0647\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC51",
-               "initial": "\uFCD7"
-           },
-           "\u0647\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC52",
-               "initial": "\uFCD8"
-           },
-           "\u0647\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC53"
-           },
-           "\u0647\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC54"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC55",
-               "initial": "\uFCDA"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC56",
-               "initial": "\uFCDB"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u062E": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC57",
-               "initial": "\uFCDC"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u0645": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC58",
-               "final": "\uFC93",
-               "initial": "\uFCDD",
-               "medial": "\uFCF0"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC59",
-               "final": "\uFC95"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC5A",
-               "final": "\uFC96"
-           },
-           "\u0630\u0670": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC5B"
-           },
-           "\u0631\u0670": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC5C"
-           },
-           "\u0649\u0670": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC5D",
-               "final": "\uFC90"
-           },
-           "\u064C\u0651": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC5E"
-           },
-           "\u064D\u0651": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC5F"
-           },
-           "\u064E\u0651": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC60"
-           },
-           "\u064F\u0651": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC61"
-           },
-           "\u0650\u0651": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC62"
-           },
-           "\u0651\u0670": {
-               "isolated": "\uFC63"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u0631": {
-               "final": "\uFC64"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u0632": {
-               "final": "\uFC65"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u0646": {
-               "final": "\uFC67"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u0631": {
-               "final": "\uFC6A"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u0632": {
-               "final": "\uFC6B"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u0646": {
-               "final": "\uFC6D"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0631": {
-               "final": "\uFC70"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0632": {
-               "final": "\uFC71"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0646": {
-               "final": "\uFC73"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u0631": {
-               "final": "\uFC76"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u0632": {
-               "final": "\uFC77"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u0646": {
-               "final": "\uFC79"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFC7B"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u0627": {
-               "final": "\uFC88"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u0631": {
-               "final": "\uFC8A"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u0632": {
-               "final": "\uFC8B"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u0646": {
-               "final": "\uFC8D"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u0631": {
-               "final": "\uFC91"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u0632": {
-               "final": "\uFC92"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u0646": {
-               "final": "\uFC94"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u062E": {
-               "initial": "\uFC99"
-           },
-           "\u0626\u0647": {
-               "initial": "\uFC9B",
-               "medial": "\uFCE0"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u0647": {
-               "initial": "\uFCA0",
-               "medial": "\uFCE2"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0647": {
-               "initial": "\uFCA5",
-               "medial": "\uFCE4"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u062E": {
-               "initial": "\uFCB2"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u0647": {
-               "initial": "\uFCCD"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u0647": {
-               "initial": "\uFCD6",
-               "medial": "\uFCEF"
-           },
-           "\u0647\u0670": {
-               "initial": "\uFCD9"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u0647": {
-               "initial": "\uFCDE",
-               "medial": "\uFCF1"
-           },
-           "\u062B\u0647": {
-               "medial": "\uFCE6"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u0647": {
-               "medial": "\uFCE8",
-               "initial": "\uFD31"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u0645": {
-               "medial": "\uFCE9",
-               "isolated": "\uFD0C",
-               "final": "\uFD28",
-               "initial": "\uFD30"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u0647": {
-               "medial": "\uFCEA",
-               "initial": "\uFD32"
-           },
-           "\u0640\u064E\u0651": {
-               "medial": "\uFCF2"
-           },
-           "\u0640\u064F\u0651": {
-               "medial": "\uFCF3"
-           },
-           "\u0640\u0650\u0651": {
-               "medial": "\uFCF4"
-           },
-           "\u0637\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFCF5",
-               "final": "\uFD11"
-           },
-           "\u0637\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFCF6",
-               "final": "\uFD12"
-           },
-           "\u0639\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFCF7",
-               "final": "\uFD13"
-           },
-           "\u0639\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFCF8",
-               "final": "\uFD14"
-           },
-           "\u063A\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFCF9",
-               "final": "\uFD15"
-           },
-           "\u063A\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFCFA",
-               "final": "\uFD16"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFCFB"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFCFC",
-               "final": "\uFD18"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFCFD",
-               "final": "\uFD19"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFCFE",
-               "final": "\uFD1A"
-           },
-           "\u062D\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFCFF",
-               "final": "\uFD1B"
-           },
-           "\u062D\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFD00",
-               "final": "\uFD1C"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFD01",
-               "final": "\uFD1D"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFD02",
-               "final": "\uFD1E"
-           },
-           "\u062E\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFD03",
-               "final": "\uFD1F"
-           },
-           "\u062E\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFD04",
-               "final": "\uFD20"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFD05",
-               "final": "\uFD21"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFD06",
-               "final": "\uFD22"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u0649": {
-               "isolated": "\uFD07",
-               "final": "\uFD23"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u064A": {
-               "isolated": "\uFD08",
-               "final": "\uFD24"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u062C": {
-               "isolated": "\uFD09",
-               "final": "\uFD25",
-               "initial": "\uFD2D",
-               "medial": "\uFD37"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u062D": {
-               "isolated": "\uFD0A",
-               "final": "\uFD26",
-               "initial": "\uFD2E",
-               "medial": "\uFD38"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u062E": {
-               "isolated": "\uFD0B",
-               "final": "\uFD27",
-               "initial": "\uFD2F",
-               "medial": "\uFD39"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u0631": {
-               "isolated": "\uFD0D",
-               "final": "\uFD29"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u0631": {
-               "isolated": "\uFD0E",
-               "final": "\uFD2A"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u0631": {
-               "isolated": "\uFD0F",
-               "final": "\uFD2B"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u0631": {
-               "isolated": "\uFD10",
-               "final": "\uFD2C"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u0639": {
-               "final": "\uFD17"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062C\u0645": {
-               "initial": "\uFD50"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062D\u062C": {
-               "final": "\uFD51",
-               "initial": "\uFD52"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062D\u0645": {
-               "initial": "\uFD53"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062E\u0645": {
-               "initial": "\uFD54"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0645\u062C": {
-               "initial": "\uFD55"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0645\u062D": {
-               "initial": "\uFD56"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0645\u062E": {
-               "initial": "\uFD57"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u0645\u062D": {
-               "final": "\uFD58",
-               "initial": "\uFD59"
-           },
-           "\u062D\u0645\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFD5A"
-           },
-           "\u062D\u0645\u0649": {
-               "final": "\uFD5B"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u062D\u062C": {
-               "initial": "\uFD5C"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u062C\u062D": {
-               "initial": "\uFD5D"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u062C\u0649": {
-               "final": "\uFD5E"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u0645\u062D": {
-               "final": "\uFD5F",
-               "initial": "\uFD60"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u0645\u062C": {
-               "initial": "\uFD61"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u0645\u0645": {
-               "final": "\uFD62",
-               "initial": "\uFD63"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u062D\u062D": {
-               "final": "\uFD64",
-               "initial": "\uFD65"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u0645\u0645": {
-               "final": "\uFD66",
-               "initial": "\uFDC5"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u062D\u0645": {
-               "final": "\uFD67",
-               "initial": "\uFD68"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u062C\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFD69"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u0645\u062E": {
-               "final": "\uFD6A",
-               "initial": "\uFD6B"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u0645\u0645": {
-               "final": "\uFD6C",
-               "initial": "\uFD6D"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u062D\u0649": {
-               "final": "\uFD6E"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u062E\u0645": {
-               "final": "\uFD6F",
-               "initial": "\uFD70"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u0645\u062D": {
-               "final": "\uFD71"
-           },
-           "\u0637\u0645\u062D": {
-               "initial": "\uFD72"
-           },
-           "\u0637\u0645\u0645": {
-               "initial": "\uFD73"
-           },
-           "\u0637\u0645\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFD74"
-           },
-           "\u0639\u062C\u0645": {
-               "final": "\uFD75",
-               "initial": "\uFDC4"
-           },
-           "\u0639\u0645\u0645": {
-               "final": "\uFD76",
-               "initial": "\uFD77"
-           },
-           "\u0639\u0645\u0649": {
-               "final": "\uFD78"
-           },
-           "\u063A\u0645\u0645": {
-               "final": "\uFD79"
-           },
-           "\u063A\u0645\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFD7A"
-           },
-           "\u063A\u0645\u0649": {
-               "final": "\uFD7B"
-           },
-           "\u0641\u062E\u0645": {
-               "final": "\uFD7C",
-               "initial": "\uFD7D"
-           },
-           "\u0642\u0645\u062D": {
-               "final": "\uFD7E",
-               "initial": "\uFDB4"
-           },
-           "\u0642\u0645\u0645": {
-               "final": "\uFD7F"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062D\u0645": {
-               "final": "\uFD80",
-               "initial": "\uFDB5"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062D\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFD81"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062D\u0649": {
-               "final": "\uFD82"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062C\u062C": {
-               "initial": "\uFD83",
-               "final": "\uFD84"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062E\u0645": {
-               "final": "\uFD85",
-               "initial": "\uFD86"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u0645\u062D": {
-               "final": "\uFD87",
-               "initial": "\uFD88"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062D\u062C": {
-               "initial": "\uFD89"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062D\u0645": {
-               "initial": "\uFD8A"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062D\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFD8B"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062C\u062D": {
-               "initial": "\uFD8C"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062C\u0645": {
-               "initial": "\uFD8D"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062E\u062C": {
-               "initial": "\uFD8E"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062E\u0645": {
-               "initial": "\uFD8F"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062C\u062E": {
-               "initial": "\uFD92"
-           },
-           "\u0647\u0645\u062C": {
-               "initial": "\uFD93"
-           },
-           "\u0647\u0645\u0645": {
-               "initial": "\uFD94"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062D\u0645": {
-               "initial": "\uFD95"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062D\u0649": {
-               "final": "\uFD96"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062C\u0645": {
-               "final": "\uFD97",
-               "initial": "\uFD98"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062C\u0649": {
-               "final": "\uFD99"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u0645\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFD9A"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u0645\u0649": {
-               "final": "\uFD9B"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u0645\u0645": {
-               "final": "\uFD9C",
-               "initial": "\uFD9D"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u062E\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFD9E"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062C\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFD9F"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062C\u0649": {
-               "final": "\uFDA0"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062E\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDA1"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u062E\u0649": {
-               "final": "\uFDA2"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0645\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDA3"
-           },
-           "\u062A\u0645\u0649": {
-               "final": "\uFDA4"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u0645\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDA5"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u062D\u0649": {
-               "final": "\uFDA6"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u0645\u0649": {
-               "final": "\uFDA7"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u062E\u0649": {
-               "final": "\uFDA8"
-           },
-           "\u0635\u062D\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDA9"
-           },
-           "\u0634\u062D\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDAA"
-           },
-           "\u0636\u062D\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDAB"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062C\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDAC"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u0645\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDAD"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u062D\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDAE"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u062C\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDAF"
-           },
-           "\u064A\u0645\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDB0"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u0645\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDB1"
-           },
-           "\u0642\u0645\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDB2"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062D\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDB3"
-           },
-           "\u0639\u0645\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDB6"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u0645\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDB7"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062C\u062D": {
-               "initial": "\uFDB8",
-               "final": "\uFDBD"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062E\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDB9"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u062C\u0645": {
-               "initial": "\uFDBA",
-               "final": "\uFDBC"
-           },
-           "\u0643\u0645\u0645": {
-               "final": "\uFDBB",
-               "initial": "\uFDC3"
-           },
-           "\u062C\u062D\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDBE"
-           },
-           "\u062D\u062C\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDBF"
-           },
-           "\u0645\u062C\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDC0"
-           },
-           "\u0641\u0645\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDC1"
-           },
-           "\u0628\u062D\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDC2"
-           },
-           "\u0633\u062E\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDC6"
-           },
-           "\u0646\u062C\u064A": {
-               "final": "\uFDC7"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u0622": {
-               "isolated": "\uFEF5",
-               "final": "\uFEF6"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u0623": {
-               "isolated": "\uFEF7",
-               "final": "\uFEF8"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u0625": {
-               "isolated": "\uFEF9",
-               "final": "\uFEFA"
-           },
-           "\u0644\u0627": {
-               "isolated": "\uFEFB",
-               "final": "\uFEFC"
-           },
-           "words": {
-               "\u0635\u0644\u06D2": "\uFDF0",
-               "\u0642\u0644\u06D2": "\uFDF1",
-               "\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647": "\uFDF2",
-               "\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631": "\uFDF3",
-               "\u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F": "\uFDF4",
-               "\u0635\u0644\u0639\u0645": "\uFDF5",
-               "\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644": "\uFDF6",
-               "\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0647": "\uFDF7",
-               "\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645": "\uFDF8",
-               "\u0635\u0644\u0649": "\uFDF9",
-               "\u0635\u0644\u0649\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645": "\uFDFA",
-               "\u062C\u0644\u062C\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647": "\uFDFB",
-               "\u0631\u06CC\u0627\u0644": "\uFDFC"
-           }
+       function cubicInOut(t) {
+         return ((t *= 2) <= 1 ? t * t * t : (t -= 2) * t * t + 2) / 2;
+       }
+
+       var defaultTiming = {
+         time: null,
+         // Set on use.
+         delay: 0,
+         duration: 250,
+         ease: cubicInOut
        };
-       exports.default = ligatureReference;
-       });
 
-       var reference = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
-
-
-       const letterList = Object.keys(unicodeArabic.default);
-       exports.letterList = letterList;
-       const ligatureList = Object.keys(unicodeLigatures.default);
-       exports.ligatureList = ligatureList;
-       const ligatureWordList = Object.keys(unicodeLigatures.default.words);
-       exports.ligatureWordList = ligatureWordList;
-       const lams = '\u0644\u06B5\u06B6\u06B7\u06B8';
-       exports.lams = lams;
-       const alefs = '\u0627\u0622\u0623\u0625\u0671\u0672\u0673\u0675\u0773\u0774';
-       exports.alefs = alefs;
-       // for (var l = 1; l < lams.length; l++) {
-       //   console.log('-');
-       //   for (var a = 0; a < alefs.length; a++) {
-       //     console.log(a + ': ' + lams[l] + alefs[a]);
-       //   }
-       // }
-       let tashkeel = '\u0605\u0640\u0670\u0674\u06DF\u06E7\u06E8';
-       exports.tashkeel = tashkeel;
-       function addToTashkeel(start, finish) {
-           for (var i = start; i <= finish; i++) {
-               exports.tashkeel = tashkeel += String.fromCharCode(i);
+       function inherit(node, id) {
+         var timing;
+
+         while (!(timing = node.__transition) || !(timing = timing[id])) {
+           if (!(node = node.parentNode)) {
+             throw new Error("transition ".concat(id, " not found"));
            }
+         }
+
+         return timing;
        }
-       addToTashkeel(0x0610, 0x061A);
-       addToTashkeel(0x064B, 0x065F);
-       addToTashkeel(0x06D6, 0x06DC);
-       addToTashkeel(0x06E0, 0x06E4);
-       addToTashkeel(0x06EA, 0x06ED);
-       addToTashkeel(0x08D3, 0x08E1);
-       addToTashkeel(0x08E3, 0x08FF);
-       addToTashkeel(0xFE70, 0xFE7F);
-       let lineBreakers = '\u0627\u0629\u0648\u06C0\u06CF\u06FD\u06FE\u076B\u076C\u0771\u0773\u0774\u0778\u0779\u08E2\u08B1\u08B2\u08B9';
-       exports.lineBreakers = lineBreakers;
-       function addToLineBreakers(start, finish) {
-           for (var i = start; i <= finish; i++) {
-               exports.lineBreakers = lineBreakers += String.fromCharCode(i);
+
+       function selection_transition (name) {
+         var id, timing;
+
+         if (name instanceof Transition) {
+           id = name._id, name = name._name;
+         } else {
+           id = newId(), (timing = defaultTiming).time = now$1(), name = name == null ? null : name + "";
+         }
+
+         for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+           for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             if (node = group[i]) {
+               schedule(node, name, id, i, group, timing || inherit(node, id));
+             }
            }
+         }
+
+         return new Transition(groups, this._parents, name, id);
        }
-       addToLineBreakers(0x0600, 0x061F); // it's OK to include tashkeel in this range as it is ignored
-       addToLineBreakers(0x0621, 0x0625);
-       addToLineBreakers(0x062F, 0x0632);
-       addToLineBreakers(0x0660, 0x066D); // numerals, math
-       addToLineBreakers(0x0671, 0x0677);
-       addToLineBreakers(0x0688, 0x0699);
-       addToLineBreakers(0x06C3, 0x06CB);
-       addToLineBreakers(0x06D2, 0x06F9);
-       addToLineBreakers(0x0759, 0x075B);
-       addToLineBreakers(0x08AA, 0x08AE);
-       addToLineBreakers(0xFB50, 0xFDFD); // presentation forms look like they could connect, but never do
-       // Presentation Forms A includes diacritics but they are meant to stand alone
-       addToLineBreakers(0xFE80, 0xFEFC); // presentation forms look like they could connect, but never do
-       // numerals, math
-       addToLineBreakers(0x10E60, 0x10E7F);
-       addToLineBreakers(0x1EC70, 0x1ECBF);
-       addToLineBreakers(0x1EE00, 0x1EEFF);
+
+       selection.prototype.interrupt = selection_interrupt;
+       selection.prototype.transition = selection_transition;
+
+       var constant = (function (x) {
+         return function () {
+           return x;
+         };
        });
 
-       var GlyphSplitter_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+       function ZoomEvent(type, _ref) {
+         var sourceEvent = _ref.sourceEvent,
+             target = _ref.target,
+             transform = _ref.transform,
+             dispatch = _ref.dispatch;
+         Object.defineProperties(this, {
+           type: {
+             value: type,
+             enumerable: true,
+             configurable: true
+           },
+           sourceEvent: {
+             value: sourceEvent,
+             enumerable: true,
+             configurable: true
+           },
+           target: {
+             value: target,
+             enumerable: true,
+             configurable: true
+           },
+           transform: {
+             value: transform,
+             enumerable: true,
+             configurable: true
+           },
+           _: {
+             value: dispatch
+           }
+         });
+       }
+
+       function Transform(k, x, y) {
+         this.k = k;
+         this.x = x;
+         this.y = y;
+       }
+       Transform.prototype = {
+         constructor: Transform,
+         scale: function scale(k) {
+           return k === 1 ? this : new Transform(this.k * k, this.x, this.y);
+         },
+         translate: function translate(x, y) {
+           return x === 0 & y === 0 ? this : new Transform(this.k, this.x + this.k * x, this.y + this.k * y);
+         },
+         apply: function apply(point) {
+           return [point[0] * this.k + this.x, point[1] * this.k + this.y];
+         },
+         applyX: function applyX(x) {
+           return x * this.k + this.x;
+         },
+         applyY: function applyY(y) {
+           return y * this.k + this.y;
+         },
+         invert: function invert(location) {
+           return [(location[0] - this.x) / this.k, (location[1] - this.y) / this.k];
+         },
+         invertX: function invertX(x) {
+           return (x - this.x) / this.k;
+         },
+         invertY: function invertY(y) {
+           return (y - this.y) / this.k;
+         },
+         rescaleX: function rescaleX(x) {
+           return x.copy().domain(x.range().map(this.invertX, this).map(x.invert, x));
+         },
+         rescaleY: function rescaleY(y) {
+           return y.copy().domain(y.range().map(this.invertY, this).map(y.invert, y));
+         },
+         toString: function toString() {
+           return "translate(" + this.x + "," + this.y + ") scale(" + this.k + ")";
+         }
+       };
+       var identity$2 = new Transform(1, 0, 0);
+
+       function nopropagation(event) {
+         event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+       }
+       function noevent (event) {
+         event.preventDefault();
+         event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+       }
 
+       // except for pinch-to-zoom, which is sent as a wheel+ctrlKey event
 
-       function GlyphSplitter(word) {
-           let letters = [];
-           let lastLetter = '';
-           word.split('').forEach((letter) => {
-               if (isArabic_1.isArabic(letter)) {
-                   if (reference.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
-                       letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
-                   }
-                   else if (lastLetter.length && ((reference.lams.indexOf(lastLetter) === 0 && reference.alefs.indexOf(letter) > -1) || (reference.lams.indexOf(lastLetter) > 0 && reference.alefs.indexOf(letter) === 0))) {
-                       // valid LA forms
-                       letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
-                   }
-                   else {
-                       letters.push(letter);
-                   }
-               }
-               else {
-                   letters.push(letter);
-               }
-               if (reference.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) === -1) {
-                   lastLetter = letter;
-               }
-           });
-           return letters;
+       function defaultFilter$1(event) {
+         return (!event.ctrlKey || event.type === 'wheel') && !event.button;
        }
-       exports.GlyphSplitter = GlyphSplitter;
-       });
 
-       var BaselineSplitter_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+       function defaultExtent$1() {
+         var e = this;
+
+         if (e instanceof SVGElement) {
+           e = e.ownerSVGElement || e;
+
+           if (e.hasAttribute("viewBox")) {
+             e = e.viewBox.baseVal;
+             return [[e.x, e.y], [e.x + e.width, e.y + e.height]];
+           }
+
+           return [[0, 0], [e.width.baseVal.value, e.height.baseVal.value]];
+         }
+
+         return [[0, 0], [e.clientWidth, e.clientHeight]];
+       }
+
+       function defaultTransform() {
+         return this.__zoom || identity$2;
+       }
+
+       function defaultWheelDelta$1(event) {
+         return -event.deltaY * (event.deltaMode === 1 ? 0.05 : event.deltaMode ? 1 : 0.002) * (event.ctrlKey ? 10 : 1);
+       }
+
+       function defaultTouchable() {
+         return navigator.maxTouchPoints || "ontouchstart" in this;
+       }
+
+       function defaultConstrain$1(transform, extent, translateExtent) {
+         var dx0 = transform.invertX(extent[0][0]) - translateExtent[0][0],
+             dx1 = transform.invertX(extent[1][0]) - translateExtent[1][0],
+             dy0 = transform.invertY(extent[0][1]) - translateExtent[0][1],
+             dy1 = transform.invertY(extent[1][1]) - translateExtent[1][1];
+         return transform.translate(dx1 > dx0 ? (dx0 + dx1) / 2 : Math.min(0, dx0) || Math.max(0, dx1), dy1 > dy0 ? (dy0 + dy1) / 2 : Math.min(0, dy0) || Math.max(0, dy1));
+       }
+
+       function d3_zoom () {
+         var filter = defaultFilter$1,
+             extent = defaultExtent$1,
+             constrain = defaultConstrain$1,
+             wheelDelta = defaultWheelDelta$1,
+             touchable = defaultTouchable,
+             scaleExtent = [0, Infinity],
+             translateExtent = [[-Infinity, -Infinity], [Infinity, Infinity]],
+             duration = 250,
+             interpolate = interpolateZoom,
+             listeners = dispatch$8("start", "zoom", "end"),
+             touchstarting,
+             touchfirst,
+             touchending,
+             touchDelay = 500,
+             wheelDelay = 150,
+             clickDistance2 = 0,
+             tapDistance = 10;
+
+         function zoom(selection) {
+           selection.property("__zoom", defaultTransform).on("wheel.zoom", wheeled).on("mousedown.zoom", mousedowned).on("dblclick.zoom", dblclicked).filter(touchable).on("touchstart.zoom", touchstarted).on("touchmove.zoom", touchmoved).on("touchend.zoom touchcancel.zoom", touchended).style("-webkit-tap-highlight-color", "rgba(0,0,0,0)");
+         }
+
+         zoom.transform = function (collection, transform, point, event) {
+           var selection = collection.selection ? collection.selection() : collection;
+           selection.property("__zoom", defaultTransform);
+
+           if (collection !== selection) {
+             schedule(collection, transform, point, event);
+           } else {
+             selection.interrupt().each(function () {
+               gesture(this, arguments).event(event).start().zoom(null, typeof transform === "function" ? transform.apply(this, arguments) : transform).end();
+             });
+           }
+         };
+
+         zoom.scaleBy = function (selection, k, p, event) {
+           zoom.scaleTo(selection, function () {
+             var k0 = this.__zoom.k,
+                 k1 = typeof k === "function" ? k.apply(this, arguments) : k;
+             return k0 * k1;
+           }, p, event);
+         };
+
+         zoom.scaleTo = function (selection, k, p, event) {
+           zoom.transform(selection, function () {
+             var e = extent.apply(this, arguments),
+                 t0 = this.__zoom,
+                 p0 = p == null ? centroid(e) : typeof p === "function" ? p.apply(this, arguments) : p,
+                 p1 = t0.invert(p0),
+                 k1 = typeof k === "function" ? k.apply(this, arguments) : k;
+             return constrain(translate(scale(t0, k1), p0, p1), e, translateExtent);
+           }, p, event);
+         };
+
+         zoom.translateBy = function (selection, x, y, event) {
+           zoom.transform(selection, function () {
+             return constrain(this.__zoom.translate(typeof x === "function" ? x.apply(this, arguments) : x, typeof y === "function" ? y.apply(this, arguments) : y), extent.apply(this, arguments), translateExtent);
+           }, null, event);
+         };
+
+         zoom.translateTo = function (selection, x, y, p, event) {
+           zoom.transform(selection, function () {
+             var e = extent.apply(this, arguments),
+                 t = this.__zoom,
+                 p0 = p == null ? centroid(e) : typeof p === "function" ? p.apply(this, arguments) : p;
+             return constrain(identity$2.translate(p0[0], p0[1]).scale(t.k).translate(typeof x === "function" ? -x.apply(this, arguments) : -x, typeof y === "function" ? -y.apply(this, arguments) : -y), e, translateExtent);
+           }, p, event);
+         };
+
+         function scale(transform, k) {
+           k = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], k));
+           return k === transform.k ? transform : new Transform(k, transform.x, transform.y);
+         }
 
+         function translate(transform, p0, p1) {
+           var x = p0[0] - p1[0] * transform.k,
+               y = p0[1] - p1[1] * transform.k;
+           return x === transform.x && y === transform.y ? transform : new Transform(transform.k, x, y);
+         }
 
-       function BaselineSplitter(word) {
-           let letters = [];
-           let lastLetter = '';
-           word.split('').forEach((letter) => {
-               if (isArabic_1.isArabic(letter) && isArabic_1.isArabic(lastLetter)) {
-                   if (lastLetter.length && reference.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
-                       letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
-                   }
-                   else if (reference.lineBreakers.indexOf(lastLetter) > -1) {
-                       letters.push(letter);
-                   }
-                   else {
-                       letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
-                   }
-               }
+         function centroid(extent) {
+           return [(+extent[0][0] + +extent[1][0]) / 2, (+extent[0][1] + +extent[1][1]) / 2];
+         }
+
+         function schedule(transition, transform, point, event) {
+           transition.on("start.zoom", function () {
+             gesture(this, arguments).event(event).start();
+           }).on("interrupt.zoom end.zoom", function () {
+             gesture(this, arguments).event(event).end();
+           }).tween("zoom", function () {
+             var that = this,
+                 args = arguments,
+                 g = gesture(that, args).event(event),
+                 e = extent.apply(that, args),
+                 p = point == null ? centroid(e) : typeof point === "function" ? point.apply(that, args) : point,
+                 w = Math.max(e[1][0] - e[0][0], e[1][1] - e[0][1]),
+                 a = that.__zoom,
+                 b = typeof transform === "function" ? transform.apply(that, args) : transform,
+                 i = interpolate(a.invert(p).concat(w / a.k), b.invert(p).concat(w / b.k));
+             return function (t) {
+               if (t === 1) t = b; // Avoid rounding error on end.
                else {
-                   letters.push(letter);
-               }
-               if (reference.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) === -1) {
-                   // don't allow tashkeel to hide line break
-                   lastLetter = letter;
+                 var l = i(t),
+                     k = w / l[2];
+                 t = new Transform(k, p[0] - l[0] * k, p[1] - l[1] * k);
                }
+               g.zoom(null, t);
+             };
            });
-           return letters;
-       }
-       exports.BaselineSplitter = BaselineSplitter;
-       });
+         }
 
-       var Normalization = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+         function gesture(that, args, clean) {
+           return !clean && that.__zooming || new Gesture(that, args);
+         }
 
+         function Gesture(that, args) {
+           this.that = that;
+           this.args = args;
+           this.active = 0;
+           this.sourceEvent = null;
+           this.extent = extent.apply(that, args);
+           this.taps = 0;
+         }
 
+         Gesture.prototype = {
+           event: function event(_event) {
+             if (_event) this.sourceEvent = _event;
+             return this;
+           },
+           start: function start() {
+             if (++this.active === 1) {
+               this.that.__zooming = this;
+               this.emit("start");
+             }
 
+             return this;
+           },
+           zoom: function zoom(key, transform) {
+             if (this.mouse && key !== "mouse") this.mouse[1] = transform.invert(this.mouse[0]);
+             if (this.touch0 && key !== "touch") this.touch0[1] = transform.invert(this.touch0[0]);
+             if (this.touch1 && key !== "touch") this.touch1[1] = transform.invert(this.touch1[0]);
+             this.that.__zoom = transform;
+             this.emit("zoom");
+             return this;
+           },
+           end: function end() {
+             if (--this.active === 0) {
+               delete this.that.__zooming;
+               this.emit("end");
+             }
 
-       function Normal(word, breakPresentationForm) {
-           // default is to turn initial/isolated/medial/final presentation form to generic
-           if (typeof breakPresentationForm === 'undefined') {
-               breakPresentationForm = true;
-           }
-           let returnable = '';
-           word.split('').forEach((letter) => {
-               if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(letter)) {
-                   returnable += letter;
-                   return;
-               }
-               for (let w = 0; w < reference.letterList.length; w++) {
-                   // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
-                   let letterForms = unicodeArabic.default[reference.letterList[w]];
-                   let versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
-                   for (let v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
-                       let localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
-                       if (typeof localVersion === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
-                           // look at this embedded object
-                           let embeddedForms = Object.keys(localVersion);
-                           for (let ef = 0; ef < embeddedForms.length; ef++) {
-                               let form = localVersion[embeddedForms[ef]];
-                               if (form === letter || (typeof form === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1)) {
-                                   // match
-                                   // console.log('embedded match');
-                                   if (form === letter) {
-                                       // match exact
-                                       if (breakPresentationForm && localVersion['normal'] && ['isolated', 'initial', 'medial', 'final'].indexOf(embeddedForms[ef]) > -1) {
-                                           // replace presentation form
-                                           // console.log('keeping normal form of the letter');
-                                           if (typeof localVersion['normal'] === 'object') {
-                                               returnable += localVersion['normal'][0];
-                                           }
-                                           else {
-                                               returnable += localVersion['normal'];
-                                           }
-                                           return;
-                                       }
-                                       // console.log('keeping this letter');
-                                       returnable += letter;
-                                       return;
-                                   }
-                                   else if (typeof form === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
-                                       // match
-                                       returnable += form[0];
-                                       // console.log('added the first letter from the same array');
-                                       return;
-                                   }
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                       else if (localVersion === letter) {
-                           // match exact
-                           if (breakPresentationForm && letterForms['normal'] && ['isolated', 'initial', 'medial', 'final'].indexOf(versions[v]) > -1) {
-                               // replace presentation form
-                               // console.log('keeping normal form of the letter');
-                               if (typeof letterForms['normal'] === 'object') {
-                                   returnable += letterForms['normal'][0];
-                               }
-                               else {
-                                   returnable += letterForms['normal'];
-                               }
-                               return;
-                           }
-                           // console.log('keeping this letter');
-                           returnable += letter;
-                           return;
-                       }
-                       else if (typeof localVersion === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
-                           // match
-                           returnable += localVersion[0];
-                           // console.log('added the first letter from the same array');
-                           return;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
-               // try ligatures
-               for (let v2 = 0; v2 < reference.ligatureList.length; v2++) {
-                   let normalForm = reference.ligatureList[v2];
-                   if (normalForm !== 'words') {
-                       let ligForms = Object.keys(unicodeLigatures.default[normalForm]);
-                       for (let f = 0; f < ligForms.length; f++) {
-                           if (unicodeLigatures.default[normalForm][ligForms[f]] === letter) {
-                               returnable += normalForm;
-                               return;
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
-               // try words ligatures
-               for (let v3 = 0; v3 < reference.ligatureWordList.length; v3++) {
-                   let normalForm = reference.ligatureWordList[v3];
-                   if (unicodeLigatures.default.words[normalForm] === letter) {
-                       returnable += normalForm;
-                       return;
-                   }
-               }
-               returnable += letter;
-               // console.log('kept the letter')
-           });
-           return returnable;
-       }
-       exports.Normal = Normal;
-       });
+             return this;
+           },
+           emit: function emit(type) {
+             var d = select(this.that).datum();
+             listeners.call(type, this.that, new ZoomEvent(type, {
+               sourceEvent: this.sourceEvent,
+               target: zoom,
+               type: type,
+               transform: this.that.__zoom,
+               dispatch: listeners
+             }), d);
+           }
+         };
 
-       var CharShaper_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+         function wheeled(event) {
+           for (var _len = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len > 1 ? _len - 1 : 0), _key = 1; _key < _len; _key++) {
+             args[_key - 1] = arguments[_key];
+           }
 
+           if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
+           var g = gesture(this, args).event(event),
+               t = this.__zoom,
+               k = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], t.k * Math.pow(2, wheelDelta.apply(this, arguments)))),
+               p = pointer(event); // If the mouse is in the same location as before, reuse it.
+           // If there were recent wheel events, reset the wheel idle timeout.
 
+           if (g.wheel) {
+             if (g.mouse[0][0] !== p[0] || g.mouse[0][1] !== p[1]) {
+               g.mouse[1] = t.invert(g.mouse[0] = p);
+             }
 
-       function CharShaper(letter, form) {
-           if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(letter)) {
-               // fail not Arabic
-               throw new Error('Not Arabic');
-           }
-           if (letter === "\u0621") {
-               // hamza alone
-               return "\u0621";
-           }
-           for (let w = 0; w < reference.letterList.length; w++) {
-               // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
-               let letterForms = unicodeArabic.default[reference.letterList[w]];
-               let versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
-               for (let v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
-                   let localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
-                   if ((localVersion === letter) ||
-                       (typeof localVersion === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1)) {
-                       if (versions.indexOf(form) > -1) {
-                           return letterForms[form];
-                       }
-                   }
-                   else if (typeof localVersion === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
-                       // check embedded
-                       let embeddedVersions = Object.keys(localVersion);
-                       for (let ev = 0; ev < embeddedVersions.length; ev++) {
-                           if ((localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]] === letter) ||
-                               (typeof localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]] === 'object' && localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]].indexOf && localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]].indexOf(letter) > -1)) {
-                               if (embeddedVersions.indexOf(form) > -1) {
-                                   return localVersion[form];
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+             clearTimeout(g.wheel);
+           } // If this wheel event won’t trigger a transform change, ignore it.
+           else if (t.k === k) return; // Otherwise, capture the mouse point and location at the start.
+           else {
+             g.mouse = [p, t.invert(p)];
+             interrupt(this);
+             g.start();
            }
-       }
-       exports.CharShaper = CharShaper;
-       });
-
-       var WordShaper_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
-
 
+           noevent(event);
+           g.wheel = setTimeout(wheelidled, wheelDelay);
+           g.zoom("mouse", constrain(translate(scale(t, k), g.mouse[0], g.mouse[1]), g.extent, translateExtent));
 
+           function wheelidled() {
+             g.wheel = null;
+             g.end();
+           }
+         }
 
-       function WordShaper(word) {
-           let state = 'initial';
-           let output = '';
-           for (let w = 0; w < word.length; w++) {
-               let nextLetter = ' ';
-               for (let nxw = w + 1; nxw < word.length; nxw++) {
-                   if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(word[nxw])) {
-                       break;
-                   }
-                   if (reference.tashkeel.indexOf(word[nxw]) === -1) {
-                       nextLetter = word[nxw];
-                       break;
-                   }
-               }
-               if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(word[w]) || isArabic_1.isMath(word[w])) {
-                   // space or other non-Arabic
-                   output += word[w];
-                   state = 'initial';
-               }
-               else if (reference.tashkeel.indexOf(word[w]) > -1) {
-                   // tashkeel - add without changing state
-                   output += word[w];
-               }
-               else if ((nextLetter === ' ') // last Arabic letter in this word
-                   || (reference.lineBreakers.indexOf(word[w]) > -1)) { // the current letter is known to break lines
-                   output += CharShaper_1.CharShaper(word[w], state === 'initial' ? 'isolated' : 'final');
-                   state = 'initial';
-               }
-               else if (reference.lams.indexOf(word[w]) > -1 && reference.alefs.indexOf(nextLetter) > -1) {
-                   // LA letters - advance an additional letter after this
-                   output += unicodeLigatures.default[word[w] + nextLetter][(state === 'initial' ? 'isolated' : 'final')];
-                   while (word[w] !== nextLetter) {
-                       w++;
-                   }
-                   state = 'initial';
-               }
-               else {
-                   output += CharShaper_1.CharShaper(word[w], state);
-                   state = 'medial';
-               }
+         function mousedowned(event) {
+           for (var _len2 = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len2 > 1 ? _len2 - 1 : 0), _key2 = 1; _key2 < _len2; _key2++) {
+             args[_key2 - 1] = arguments[_key2];
            }
-           return output;
-       }
-       exports.WordShaper = WordShaper;
-       });
 
-       var ParentLetter_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+           if (touchending || !filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
+           var g = gesture(this, args, true).event(event),
+               v = select(event.view).on("mousemove.zoom", mousemoved, true).on("mouseup.zoom", mouseupped, true),
+               p = pointer(event, currentTarget),
+               currentTarget = event.currentTarget,
+               x0 = event.clientX,
+               y0 = event.clientY;
+           dragDisable(event.view);
+           nopropagation(event);
+           g.mouse = [p, this.__zoom.invert(p)];
+           interrupt(this);
+           g.start();
 
+           function mousemoved(event) {
+             noevent(event);
 
+             if (!g.moved) {
+               var dx = event.clientX - x0,
+                   dy = event.clientY - y0;
+               g.moved = dx * dx + dy * dy > clickDistance2;
+             }
 
-       function ParentLetter(letter) {
-           if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(letter)) {
-               throw new Error('Not an Arabic letter');
-           }
-           for (let w = 0; w < reference.letterList.length; w++) {
-               // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
-               let letterForms = unicodeArabic.default[reference.letterList[w]];
-               let versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
-               for (let v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
-                   let localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
-                   if (typeof localVersion === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
-                       // look at this embedded object
-                       let embeddedForms = Object.keys(localVersion);
-                       for (let ef = 0; ef < embeddedForms.length; ef++) {
-                           let form = localVersion[embeddedForms[ef]];
-                           if (form === letter || (typeof form === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1)) {
-                               // match
-                               return localVersion;
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
-                   else if (localVersion === letter || (typeof localVersion === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1)) {
-                       // match
-                       return letterForms;
-                   }
-               }
-               return null;
-           }
-       }
-       exports.ParentLetter = ParentLetter;
-       function GrandparentLetter(letter) {
-           if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(letter)) {
-               throw new Error('Not an Arabic letter');
-           }
-           for (let w = 0; w < reference.letterList.length; w++) {
-               // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
-               let letterForms = unicodeArabic.default[reference.letterList[w]];
-               let versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
-               for (let v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
-                   let localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
-                   if (typeof localVersion === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
-                       // look at this embedded object
-                       let embeddedForms = Object.keys(localVersion);
-                       for (let ef = 0; ef < embeddedForms.length; ef++) {
-                           let form = localVersion[embeddedForms[ef]];
-                           if (form === letter || (typeof form === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1)) {
-                               // match
-                               return letterForms;
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
-                   else if (localVersion === letter || (typeof localVersion === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1)) {
-                       // match
-                       return letterForms;
-                   }
-               }
-               return null;
+             g.event(event).zoom("mouse", constrain(translate(g.that.__zoom, g.mouse[0] = pointer(event, currentTarget), g.mouse[1]), g.extent, translateExtent));
            }
-       }
-       exports.GrandparentLetter = GrandparentLetter;
-       });
-
-       var lib$1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
 
-       exports.isArabic = isArabic_1.isArabic;
+           function mouseupped(event) {
+             v.on("mousemove.zoom mouseup.zoom", null);
+             yesdrag(event.view, g.moved);
+             noevent(event);
+             g.event(event).end();
+           }
+         }
 
-       exports.GlyphSplitter = GlyphSplitter_1.GlyphSplitter;
+         function dblclicked(event) {
+           for (var _len3 = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len3 > 1 ? _len3 - 1 : 0), _key3 = 1; _key3 < _len3; _key3++) {
+             args[_key3 - 1] = arguments[_key3];
+           }
 
-       exports.BaselineSplitter = BaselineSplitter_1.BaselineSplitter;
+           if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
+           var t0 = this.__zoom,
+               p0 = pointer(event.changedTouches ? event.changedTouches[0] : event, this),
+               p1 = t0.invert(p0),
+               k1 = t0.k * (event.shiftKey ? 0.5 : 2),
+               t1 = constrain(translate(scale(t0, k1), p0, p1), extent.apply(this, args), translateExtent);
+           noevent(event);
+           if (duration > 0) select(this).transition().duration(duration).call(schedule, t1, p0, event);else select(this).call(zoom.transform, t1, p0, event);
+         }
 
-       exports.Normal = Normalization.Normal;
+         function touchstarted(event) {
+           for (var _len4 = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len4 > 1 ? _len4 - 1 : 0), _key4 = 1; _key4 < _len4; _key4++) {
+             args[_key4 - 1] = arguments[_key4];
+           }
 
-       exports.CharShaper = CharShaper_1.CharShaper;
+           if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
+           var touches = event.touches,
+               n = touches.length,
+               g = gesture(this, args, event.changedTouches.length === n).event(event),
+               started,
+               i,
+               t,
+               p;
+           nopropagation(event);
 
-       exports.WordShaper = WordShaper_1.WordShaper;
+           for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             t = touches[i], p = pointer(t, this);
+             p = [p, this.__zoom.invert(p), t.identifier];
+             if (!g.touch0) g.touch0 = p, started = true, g.taps = 1 + !!touchstarting;else if (!g.touch1 && g.touch0[2] !== p[2]) g.touch1 = p, g.taps = 0;
+           }
 
-       exports.ParentLetter = ParentLetter_1.ParentLetter;
-       exports.GrandparentLetter = ParentLetter_1.GrandparentLetter;
-       });
+           if (touchstarting) touchstarting = clearTimeout(touchstarting);
 
-       // see https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/pull/3707
+           if (started) {
+             if (g.taps < 2) touchfirst = p[0], touchstarting = setTimeout(function () {
+               touchstarting = null;
+             }, touchDelay);
+             interrupt(this);
+             g.start();
+           }
+         }
 
-       var rtlRegex = /[\u0590-\u05FF\u0600-\u06FF\u0750-\u07BF\u08A0–\u08BF]/;
+         function touchmoved(event) {
+           if (!this.__zooming) return;
 
-       function fixRTLTextForSvg(inputText) {
-           var ret = '', rtlBuffer = [];
-           var arabicRegex = /[\u0600-\u06FF]/g;
-           var arabicDiacritics = /[\u0610-\u061A\u064B-\u065F\u0670\u06D6-\u06ED]/g;
-           var arabicMath = /[\u0660-\u066C\u06F0-\u06F9]+/g;
-           var thaanaVowel = /[\u07A6-\u07B0]/;
-           var hebrewSign = /[\u0591-\u05bd\u05bf\u05c1-\u05c5\u05c7]/;
-
-           // Arabic word shaping
-           if (arabicRegex.test(inputText)) {
-               inputText = lib$1.WordShaper(inputText);
-           }
-
-           for (var n = 0; n < inputText.length; n++) {
-               var c = inputText[n];
-               if (arabicMath.test(c)) {
-                   // Arabic numbers go LTR
-                   ret += rtlBuffer.reverse().join('');
-                   rtlBuffer = [c];
-               } else {
-                   if (rtlBuffer.length && arabicMath.test(rtlBuffer[rtlBuffer.length - 1])) {
-                       ret += rtlBuffer.reverse().join('');
-                       rtlBuffer = [];
-                   }
-                   if ((thaanaVowel.test(c) || hebrewSign.test(c) || arabicDiacritics.test(c)) && rtlBuffer.length) {
-                       rtlBuffer[rtlBuffer.length - 1] += c;
-                   } else if (rtlRegex.test(c)
-                       // include Arabic presentation forms
-                       || (c.charCodeAt(0) >= 64336 && c.charCodeAt(0) <= 65023)
-                       || (c.charCodeAt(0) >= 65136 && c.charCodeAt(0) <= 65279)) {
-                       rtlBuffer.push(c);
-                   } else if (c === ' ' && rtlBuffer.length) {
-                       // whitespace within RTL text
-                       rtlBuffer = [rtlBuffer.reverse().join('') + ' '];
-                   } else {
-                       // non-RTL character
-                       ret += rtlBuffer.reverse().join('') + c;
-                       rtlBuffer = [];
-                   }
-               }
+           for (var _len5 = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len5 > 1 ? _len5 - 1 : 0), _key5 = 1; _key5 < _len5; _key5++) {
+             args[_key5 - 1] = arguments[_key5];
            }
-           ret += rtlBuffer.reverse().join('');
-           return ret;
-       }
 
-       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/772
-       // http://mathiasbynens.be/notes/localstorage-pattern#comment-9
-       let _storage;
-       try { _storage = localStorage; } catch (e) {}  // eslint-disable-line no-empty
-       _storage = _storage || (() => {
-         let s = {};
-         return {
-           getItem: (k) => s[k],
-           setItem: (k, v) => s[k] = v,
-           removeItem: (k) => delete s[k]
-         };
-       })();
-
-       //
-       // corePreferences is an interface for persisting basic key-value strings
-       // within and between iD sessions on the same site.
-       //
-       function corePreferences(k, v) {
+           var g = gesture(this, args).event(event),
+               touches = event.changedTouches,
+               n = touches.length,
+               i,
+               t,
+               p,
+               l;
+           noevent(event);
 
-         try {
-           if (arguments.length === 1) return _storage.getItem(k);
-           else if (v === null) _storage.removeItem(k);
-           else _storage.setItem(k, v);
-         } catch (e) {
-           /* eslint-disable no-console */
-           if (typeof console !== 'undefined') {
-             console.error('localStorage quota exceeded');
+           for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             t = touches[i], p = pointer(t, this);
+             if (g.touch0 && g.touch0[2] === t.identifier) g.touch0[0] = p;else if (g.touch1 && g.touch1[2] === t.identifier) g.touch1[0] = p;
            }
-           /* eslint-enable no-console */
-         }
 
-       }
+           t = g.that.__zoom;
 
-       function responseText(response) {
-         if (!response.ok) throw new Error(response.status + " " + response.statusText);
-         return response.text();
-       }
+           if (g.touch1) {
+             var p0 = g.touch0[0],
+                 l0 = g.touch0[1],
+                 p1 = g.touch1[0],
+                 l1 = g.touch1[1],
+                 dp = (dp = p1[0] - p0[0]) * dp + (dp = p1[1] - p0[1]) * dp,
+                 dl = (dl = l1[0] - l0[0]) * dl + (dl = l1[1] - l0[1]) * dl;
+             t = scale(t, Math.sqrt(dp / dl));
+             p = [(p0[0] + p1[0]) / 2, (p0[1] + p1[1]) / 2];
+             l = [(l0[0] + l1[0]) / 2, (l0[1] + l1[1]) / 2];
+           } else if (g.touch0) p = g.touch0[0], l = g.touch0[1];else return;
 
-       function d3_text(input, init) {
-         return fetch(input, init).then(responseText);
-       }
+           g.zoom("touch", constrain(translate(t, p, l), g.extent, translateExtent));
+         }
 
-       function responseJson(response) {
-         if (!response.ok) throw new Error(response.status + " " + response.statusText);
-         if (response.status === 204 || response.status === 205) return;
-         return response.json();
-       }
+         function touchended(event) {
+           for (var _len6 = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len6 > 1 ? _len6 - 1 : 0), _key6 = 1; _key6 < _len6; _key6++) {
+             args[_key6 - 1] = arguments[_key6];
+           }
 
-       function d3_json(input, init) {
-         return fetch(input, init).then(responseJson);
-       }
+           if (!this.__zooming) return;
+           var g = gesture(this, args).event(event),
+               touches = event.changedTouches,
+               n = touches.length,
+               i,
+               t;
+           nopropagation(event);
+           if (touchending) clearTimeout(touchending);
+           touchending = setTimeout(function () {
+             touchending = null;
+           }, touchDelay);
 
-       function parser(type) {
-         return function(input, init)  {
-           return d3_text(input, init).then(function(text) {
-             return (new DOMParser).parseFromString(text, type);
-           });
-         };
-       }
+           for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+             t = touches[i];
+             if (g.touch0 && g.touch0[2] === t.identifier) delete g.touch0;else if (g.touch1 && g.touch1[2] === t.identifier) delete g.touch1;
+           }
 
-       var d3_xml = parser("application/xml");
+           if (g.touch1 && !g.touch0) g.touch0 = g.touch1, delete g.touch1;
+           if (g.touch0) g.touch0[1] = this.__zoom.invert(g.touch0[0]);else {
+             g.end(); // If this was a dbltap, reroute to the (optional) dblclick.zoom handler.
 
-       var svg = parser("image/svg+xml");
+             if (g.taps === 2) {
+               t = pointer(t, this);
 
-       let _mainFileFetcher = coreFileFetcher(); // singleton
+               if (Math.hypot(touchfirst[0] - t[0], touchfirst[1] - t[1]) < tapDistance) {
+                 var p = select(this).on("dblclick.zoom");
+                 if (p) p.apply(this, arguments);
+               }
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-       //
-       // coreFileFetcher asynchronously fetches data from JSON files
-       //
-       function coreFileFetcher() {
-         let _this = {};
-         let _inflight = {};
-         let _fileMap = {
-           'address_formats': 'data/address_formats.min.json',
-           'deprecated': 'data/deprecated.min.json',
-           'discarded': 'data/discarded.min.json',
-           'imagery': 'data/imagery.min.json',
-           'intro_graph': 'data/intro_graph.min.json',
-           'keepRight': 'data/keepRight.min.json',
-           'languages': 'data/languages.min.json',
-           'locales': 'data/locales.min.json',
-           'nsi_brands': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@4/dist/brands.min.json',
-           'nsi_filters': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@4/dist/filters.min.json',
-           'oci_features': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/osm-community-index@2/dist/features.min.json',
-           'oci_resources': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/osm-community-index@2/dist/resources.min.json',
-           'preset_categories': 'data/preset_categories.min.json',
-           'preset_defaults': 'data/preset_defaults.min.json',
-           'preset_fields': 'data/preset_fields.min.json',
-           'preset_presets': 'data/preset_presets.min.json',
-           'phone_formats': 'data/phone_formats.min.json',
-           'qa_data': 'data/qa_data.min.json',
-           'shortcuts': 'data/shortcuts.min.json',
-           'territory_languages': 'data/territory_languages.min.json',
-           'wmf_sitematrix': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/wmf-sitematrix@0.1/wikipedia.min.json'
+         zoom.wheelDelta = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (wheelDelta = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant(+_), zoom) : wheelDelta;
          };
 
-         let _cachedData = {};
-         // expose the cache; useful for tests
-         _this.cache = () => _cachedData;
+         zoom.filter = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (filter = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant(!!_), zoom) : filter;
+         };
 
+         zoom.touchable = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (touchable = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant(!!_), zoom) : touchable;
+         };
 
-         // Returns a Promise to fetch data
-         // (resolved with the data if we have it already)
-         _this.get = (which) => {
-           if (_cachedData[which]) {
-             return Promise.resolve(_cachedData[which]);
-           }
+         zoom.extent = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (extent = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant([[+_[0][0], +_[0][1]], [+_[1][0], +_[1][1]]]), zoom) : extent;
+         };
 
-           const file = _fileMap[which];
-           const url = file && _this.asset(file);
-           if (!url) {
-             return Promise.reject(`Unknown data file for "${which}"`);
-           }
+         zoom.scaleExtent = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (scaleExtent[0] = +_[0], scaleExtent[1] = +_[1], zoom) : [scaleExtent[0], scaleExtent[1]];
+         };
 
-           let prom = _inflight[url];
-           if (!prom) {
-             _inflight[url] = prom = d3_json(url)
-               .then(result => {
-                 delete _inflight[url];
-                 if (!result) {
-                   throw new Error(`No data loaded for "${which}"`);
-                 }
-                 _cachedData[which] = result;
-                 return result;
-               })
-               .catch(err => {
-                 delete _inflight[url];
-                 throw err;
-               });
-           }
+         zoom.translateExtent = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (translateExtent[0][0] = +_[0][0], translateExtent[1][0] = +_[1][0], translateExtent[0][1] = +_[0][1], translateExtent[1][1] = +_[1][1], zoom) : [[translateExtent[0][0], translateExtent[0][1]], [translateExtent[1][0], translateExtent[1][1]]];
+         };
 
-           return prom;
+         zoom.constrain = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (constrain = _, zoom) : constrain;
          };
 
+         zoom.duration = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (duration = +_, zoom) : duration;
+         };
 
-         // Accessor for the file map
-         _this.fileMap = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _fileMap;
-           _fileMap = val;
-           return _this;
+         zoom.interpolate = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (interpolate = _, zoom) : interpolate;
          };
 
-         let _assetPath = '';
-         _this.assetPath = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _assetPath;
-           _assetPath = val;
-           return _this;
+         zoom.on = function () {
+           var value = listeners.on.apply(listeners, arguments);
+           return value === listeners ? zoom : value;
          };
 
-         let _assetMap = {};
-         _this.assetMap = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _assetMap;
-           _assetMap = val;
-           return _this;
+         zoom.clickDistance = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (clickDistance2 = (_ = +_) * _, zoom) : Math.sqrt(clickDistance2);
          };
 
-         _this.asset = (val) => {
-           if (/^http(s)?:\/\//i.test(val)) return val;
-           const filename = _assetPath + val;
-           return _assetMap[filename] || filename;
+         zoom.tapDistance = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (tapDistance = +_, zoom) : tapDistance;
          };
 
-         return _this;
+         return zoom;
        }
 
-       let _detected;
-
-       function utilDetect(refresh) {
-         if (_detected && !refresh) return _detected;
-         _detected = {};
-
-         const ua = navigator.userAgent;
-         let m = null;
+       /*
+           Bypasses features of D3's default projection stream pipeline that are unnecessary:
+           * Antimeridian clipping
+           * Spherical rotation
+           * Resampling
+       */
 
-         /* Browser */
-         m = ua.match(/(edge)\/?\s*(\.?\d+(\.\d+)*)/i);   // Edge
-         if (m !== null) {
-           _detected.browser = m[1];
-           _detected.version = m[2];
-         }
-         if (!_detected.browser) {
-           m = ua.match(/Trident\/.*rv:([0-9]{1,}[\.0-9]{0,})/i);   // IE11
-           if (m !== null) {
-             _detected.browser = 'msie';
-             _detected.version = m[1];
-           }
-         }
-         if (!_detected.browser) {
-           m = ua.match(/(opr)\/?\s*(\.?\d+(\.\d+)*)/i);   // Opera 15+
-           if (m !== null) {
-             _detected.browser = 'Opera';
-             _detected.version = m[2];
-           }
-         }
-         if (!_detected.browser) {
-           m = ua.match(/(opera|chrome|safari|firefox|msie)\/?\s*(\.?\d+(\.\d+)*)/i);
-           if (m !== null) {
-             _detected.browser = m[1];
-             _detected.version = m[2];
-             m = ua.match(/version\/([\.\d]+)/i);
-             if (m !== null) _detected.version = m[1];
-           }
-         }
-         if (!_detected.browser) {
-           _detected.browser = navigator.appName;
-           _detected.version = navigator.appVersion;
-         }
+       function geoRawMercator() {
+         var project = mercatorRaw;
+         var k = 512 / Math.PI; // scale
 
-         // keep major.minor version only..
-         _detected.version = _detected.version.split(/\W/).slice(0,2).join('.');
+         var x = 0;
+         var y = 0; // translate
 
-         // detect other browser capabilities
-         // Legacy Opera has incomplete svg style support. See #715
-         _detected.opera = (_detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'opera' && parseFloat(_detected.version) < 15 );
+         var clipExtent = [[0, 0], [0, 0]];
 
-         if (_detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'msie') {
-           _detected.ie = true;
-           _detected.browser = 'Internet Explorer';
-           _detected.support = parseFloat(_detected.version) >= 11;
-         } else {
-           _detected.ie = false;
-           _detected.support = true;
+         function projection(point) {
+           point = project(point[0] * Math.PI / 180, point[1] * Math.PI / 180);
+           return [point[0] * k + x, y - point[1] * k];
          }
 
-         _detected.filedrop = (window.FileReader && 'ondrop' in window);
-         _detected.download = !(_detected.ie || _detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'edge');
-         _detected.cssfilters = !(_detected.ie || _detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'edge');
-
+         projection.invert = function (point) {
+           point = project.invert((point[0] - x) / k, (y - point[1]) / k);
+           return point && [point[0] * 180 / Math.PI, point[1] * 180 / Math.PI];
+         };
 
-         /* Platform */
-         if (/Win/.test(ua)) {
-           _detected.os = 'win';
-           _detected.platform = 'Windows';
-         } else if (/Mac/.test(ua)) {
-           _detected.os = 'mac';
-           _detected.platform = 'Macintosh';
-         } else if (/X11/.test(ua) || /Linux/.test(ua)) {
-           _detected.os = 'linux';
-           _detected.platform = 'Linux';
-         } else {
-           _detected.os = 'win';
-           _detected.platform = 'Unknown';
-         }
+         projection.scale = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return k;
+           k = +_;
+           return projection;
+         };
 
-         _detected.isMobileWebKit = (/\b(iPad|iPhone|iPod)\b/.test(ua) ||
-           // HACK: iPadOS 13+ requests desktop sites by default by using a Mac user agent,
-           // so assume any "mac" with multitouch is actually iOS
-           (navigator.platform === 'MacIntel' && 'maxTouchPoints' in navigator && navigator.maxTouchPoints > 1)) &&
-           /WebKit/.test(ua) &&
-           !/Edge/.test(ua) &&
-           !window.MSStream;
+         projection.translate = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return [x, y];
+           x = +_[0];
+           y = +_[1];
+           return projection;
+         };
 
+         projection.clipExtent = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return clipExtent;
+           clipExtent = _;
+           return projection;
+         };
 
-         /* Locale */
-         // An array of locales requested by the browser in priority order.
-         _detected.browserLocales = Array.from(new Set( // remove duplicates
-             [navigator.language]
-               .concat(navigator.languages || [])
-               .concat([
-                   // old property for backwards compatibility
-                   navigator.userLanguage,
-                   // fallback to English
-                   'en'
-               ])
-               // remove any undefined values
-               .filter(Boolean)
-           ));
+         projection.transform = function (obj) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return identity$2.translate(x, y).scale(k);
+           x = +obj.x;
+           y = +obj.y;
+           k = +obj.k;
+           return projection;
+         };
 
+         projection.stream = d3_geoTransform({
+           point: function point(x, y) {
+             var vec = projection([x, y]);
+             this.stream.point(vec[0], vec[1]);
+           }
+         }).stream;
+         return projection;
+       }
 
-         /* Host */
-         const loc = window.top.location;
-         let origin = loc.origin;
-         if (!origin) {  // for unpatched IE11
-           origin = loc.protocol + '//' + loc.hostname + (loc.port ? ':' + loc.port: '');
+       function geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a, b, origin) {
+         if (geoVecEqual(origin, a) || geoVecEqual(origin, b)) {
+           return 1; // coincident points, treat as straight and try to remove
          }
 
-         _detected.host = origin + loc.pathname;
-
-
-         return _detected;
+         return geoVecNormalizedDot(a, b, origin);
        }
 
-       var aesJs = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       /*! MIT License. Copyright 2015-2018 Richard Moore <me@ricmoo.com>. See LICENSE.txt. */
-       (function(root) {
+       function geoOrthoFilterDotProduct(dotp, epsilon, lowerThreshold, upperThreshold, allowStraightAngles) {
+         var val = Math.abs(dotp);
+
+         if (val < epsilon) {
+           return 0; // already orthogonal
+         } else if (allowStraightAngles && Math.abs(val - 1) < epsilon) {
+           return 0; // straight angle, which is okay in this case
+         } else if (val < lowerThreshold || val > upperThreshold) {
+           return dotp; // can be adjusted
+         } else {
+           return null; // ignore vertex
+         }
+       }
 
-           function checkInt(value) {
-               return (parseInt(value) === value);
-           }
+       function geoOrthoCalcScore(points, isClosed, epsilon, threshold) {
+         var score = 0;
+         var first = isClosed ? 0 : 1;
+         var last = isClosed ? points.length : points.length - 1;
+         var coords = points.map(function (p) {
+           return p.coord;
+         });
+         var lowerThreshold = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180);
+         var upperThreshold = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180);
 
-           function checkInts(arrayish) {
-               if (!checkInt(arrayish.length)) { return false; }
+         for (var i = first; i < last; i++) {
+           var a = coords[(i - 1 + coords.length) % coords.length];
+           var origin = coords[i];
+           var b = coords[(i + 1) % coords.length];
+           var dotp = geoOrthoFilterDotProduct(geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a, b, origin), epsilon, lowerThreshold, upperThreshold);
+           if (dotp === null) continue; // ignore vertex
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < arrayish.length; i++) {
-                   if (!checkInt(arrayish[i]) || arrayish[i] < 0 || arrayish[i] > 255) {
-                       return false;
-                   }
-               }
+           score = score + 2.0 * Math.min(Math.abs(dotp - 1.0), Math.min(Math.abs(dotp), Math.abs(dotp + 1)));
+         }
 
-               return true;
-           }
+         return score;
+       } // returns the maximum angle less than `lessThan` between the actual corner and a 0° or 90° corner
 
-           function coerceArray(arg, copy) {
+       function geoOrthoMaxOffsetAngle(coords, isClosed, lessThan) {
+         var max = -Infinity;
+         var first = isClosed ? 0 : 1;
+         var last = isClosed ? coords.length : coords.length - 1;
 
-               // ArrayBuffer view
-               if (arg.buffer && arg.name === 'Uint8Array') {
+         for (var i = first; i < last; i++) {
+           var a = coords[(i - 1 + coords.length) % coords.length];
+           var origin = coords[i];
+           var b = coords[(i + 1) % coords.length];
+           var normalizedDotP = geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a, b, origin);
+           var angle = Math.acos(Math.abs(normalizedDotP)) * 180 / Math.PI;
+           if (angle > 45) angle = 90 - angle;
+           if (angle >= lessThan) continue;
+           if (angle > max) max = angle;
+         }
 
-                   if (copy) {
-                       if (arg.slice) {
-                           arg = arg.slice();
-                       } else {
-                           arg = Array.prototype.slice.call(arg);
-                       }
-                   }
+         if (max === -Infinity) return null;
+         return max;
+       } // similar to geoOrthoCalcScore, but returns quickly if there is something to do
 
-                   return arg;
-               }
+       function geoOrthoCanOrthogonalize(coords, isClosed, epsilon, threshold, allowStraightAngles) {
+         var score = null;
+         var first = isClosed ? 0 : 1;
+         var last = isClosed ? coords.length : coords.length - 1;
+         var lowerThreshold = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180);
+         var upperThreshold = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180);
 
-               // It's an array; check it is a valid representation of a byte
-               if (Array.isArray(arg)) {
-                   if (!checkInts(arg)) {
-                       throw new Error('Array contains invalid value: ' + arg);
-                   }
+         for (var i = first; i < last; i++) {
+           var a = coords[(i - 1 + coords.length) % coords.length];
+           var origin = coords[i];
+           var b = coords[(i + 1) % coords.length];
+           var dotp = geoOrthoFilterDotProduct(geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a, b, origin), epsilon, lowerThreshold, upperThreshold, allowStraightAngles);
+           if (dotp === null) continue; // ignore vertex
 
-                   return new Uint8Array(arg);
-               }
+           if (Math.abs(dotp) > 0) return 1; // something to do
 
-               // Something else, but behaves like an array (maybe a Buffer? Arguments?)
-               if (checkInt(arg.length) && checkInts(arg)) {
-                   return new Uint8Array(arg);
-               }
+           score = 0; // already square
+         }
 
-               throw new Error('unsupported array-like object');
-           }
+         return score;
+       }
 
-           function createArray(length) {
-               return new Uint8Array(length);
-           }
+       var call$2 = functionCall;
+       var fixRegExpWellKnownSymbolLogic$1 = fixRegexpWellKnownSymbolLogic;
+       var anObject$1 = anObject$n;
+       var toLength$3 = toLength$c;
+       var toString$8 = toString$k;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$7 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var getMethod$1 = getMethod$7;
+       var advanceStringIndex = advanceStringIndex$3;
+       var regExpExec$1 = regexpExecAbstract;
 
-           function copyArray(sourceArray, targetArray, targetStart, sourceStart, sourceEnd) {
-               if (sourceStart != null || sourceEnd != null) {
-                   if (sourceArray.slice) {
-                       sourceArray = sourceArray.slice(sourceStart, sourceEnd);
-                   } else {
-                       sourceArray = Array.prototype.slice.call(sourceArray, sourceStart, sourceEnd);
-                   }
-               }
-               targetArray.set(sourceArray, targetStart);
+       // @@match logic
+       fixRegExpWellKnownSymbolLogic$1('match', function (MATCH, nativeMatch, maybeCallNative) {
+         return [
+           // `String.prototype.match` method
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.match
+           function match(regexp) {
+             var O = requireObjectCoercible$7(this);
+             var matcher = regexp == undefined ? undefined : getMethod$1(regexp, MATCH);
+             return matcher ? call$2(matcher, regexp, O) : new RegExp(regexp)[MATCH](toString$8(O));
+           },
+           // `RegExp.prototype[@@match]` method
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype-@@match
+           function (string) {
+             var rx = anObject$1(this);
+             var S = toString$8(string);
+             var res = maybeCallNative(nativeMatch, rx, S);
+
+             if (res.done) return res.value;
+
+             if (!rx.global) return regExpExec$1(rx, S);
+
+             var fullUnicode = rx.unicode;
+             rx.lastIndex = 0;
+             var A = [];
+             var n = 0;
+             var result;
+             while ((result = regExpExec$1(rx, S)) !== null) {
+               var matchStr = toString$8(result[0]);
+               A[n] = matchStr;
+               if (matchStr === '') rx.lastIndex = advanceStringIndex(S, toLength$3(rx.lastIndex), fullUnicode);
+               n++;
+             }
+             return n === 0 ? null : A;
            }
+         ];
+       });
 
+       var $$s = _export;
+       var FREEZING = freezing;
+       var fails$9 = fails$V;
+       var isObject$4 = isObject$s;
+       var onFreeze = internalMetadata.exports.onFreeze;
 
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-freeze -- safe
+       var $freeze = Object.freeze;
+       var FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES = fails$9(function () { $freeze(1); });
 
-           var convertUtf8 = (function() {
-               function toBytes(text) {
-                   var result = [], i = 0;
-                   text = encodeURI(text);
-                   while (i < text.length) {
-                       var c = text.charCodeAt(i++);
-
-                       // if it is a % sign, encode the following 2 bytes as a hex value
-                       if (c === 37) {
-                           result.push(parseInt(text.substr(i, 2), 16));
-                           i += 2;
-
-                       // otherwise, just the actual byte
-                       } else {
-                           result.push(c);
-                       }
-                   }
-
-                   return coerceArray(result);
-               }
-
-               function fromBytes(bytes) {
-                   var result = [], i = 0;
-
-                   while (i < bytes.length) {
-                       var c = bytes[i];
-
-                       if (c < 128) {
-                           result.push(String.fromCharCode(c));
-                           i++;
-                       } else if (c > 191 && c < 224) {
-                           result.push(String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x1f) << 6) | (bytes[i + 1] & 0x3f)));
-                           i += 2;
-                       } else {
-                           result.push(String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x0f) << 12) | ((bytes[i + 1] & 0x3f) << 6) | (bytes[i + 2] & 0x3f)));
-                           i += 3;
-                       }
-                   }
-
-                   return result.join('');
-               }
-
-               return {
-                   toBytes: toBytes,
-                   fromBytes: fromBytes,
-               }
-           })();
-
-           var convertHex = (function() {
-               function toBytes(text) {
-                   var result = [];
-                   for (var i = 0; i < text.length; i += 2) {
-                       result.push(parseInt(text.substr(i, 2), 16));
-                   }
-
-                   return result;
-               }
-
-               // http://ixti.net/development/javascript/2011/11/11/base64-encodedecode-of-utf8-in-browser-with-js.html
-               var Hex = '0123456789abcdef';
-
-               function fromBytes(bytes) {
-                       var result = [];
-                       for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
-                           var v = bytes[i];
-                           result.push(Hex[(v & 0xf0) >> 4] + Hex[v & 0x0f]);
-                       }
-                       return result.join('');
-               }
+       // `Object.freeze` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.freeze
+       $$s({ target: 'Object', stat: true, forced: FAILS_ON_PRIMITIVES, sham: !FREEZING }, {
+         freeze: function freeze(it) {
+           return $freeze && isObject$4(it) ? $freeze(onFreeze(it)) : it;
+         }
+       });
 
-               return {
-                   toBytes: toBytes,
-                   fromBytes: fromBytes,
-               }
-           })();
+       // Returns true if a and b have the same elements at the same indices.
+       function utilArrayIdentical(a, b) {
+         // an array is always identical to itself
+         if (a === b) return true;
+         var i = a.length;
+         if (i !== b.length) return false;
 
+         while (i--) {
+           if (a[i] !== b[i]) return false;
+         }
 
-           // Number of rounds by keysize
-           var numberOfRounds = {16: 10, 24: 12, 32: 14};
+         return true;
+       } // http://2ality.com/2015/01/es6-set-operations.html
+       // Difference (a \ b): create a set that contains those elements of set a that are not in set b.
+       // This operation is also sometimes called minus (-).
+       // var a = [1,2,3];
+       // var b = [4,3,2];
+       // utilArrayDifference(a, b)
+       //   [1]
+       // utilArrayDifference(b, a)
+       //   [4]
 
-           // Round constant words
-           var rcon = [0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36, 0x6c, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x4d, 0x9a, 0x2f, 0x5e, 0xbc, 0x63, 0xc6, 0x97, 0x35, 0x6a, 0xd4, 0xb3, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0xef, 0xc5, 0x91];
+       function utilArrayDifference(a, b) {
+         var other = new Set(b);
+         return Array.from(new Set(a)).filter(function (v) {
+           return !other.has(v);
+         });
+       } // Intersection (a ∩ b): create a set that contains those elements of set a that are also in set b.
+       // var a = [1,2,3];
+       // var b = [4,3,2];
+       // utilArrayIntersection(a, b)
+       //   [2,3]
 
-           // S-box and Inverse S-box (S is for Substitution)
-           var S = [0x63, 0x7c, 0x77, 0x7b, 0xf2, 0x6b, 0x6f, 0xc5, 0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2b, 0xfe, 0xd7, 0xab, 0x76, 0xca, 0x82, 0xc9, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0x59, 0x47, 0xf0, 0xad, 0xd4, 0xa2, 0xaf, 0x9c, 0xa4, 0x72, 0xc0, 0xb7, 0xfd, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3f, 0xf7, 0xcc, 0x34, 0xa5, 0xe5, 0xf1, 0x71, 0xd8, 0x31, 0x15, 0x04, 0xc7, 0x23, 0xc3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9a, 0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xe2, 0xeb, 0x27, 0xb2, 0x75, 0x09, 0x83, 0x2c, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x6e, 0x5a, 0xa0, 0x52, 0x3b, 0xd6, 0xb3, 0x29, 0xe3, 0x2f, 0x84, 0x53, 0xd1, 0x00, 0xed, 0x20, 0xfc, 0xb1, 0x5b, 0x6a, 0xcb, 0xbe, 0x39, 0x4a, 0x4c, 0x58, 0xcf, 0xd0, 0xef, 0xaa, 0xfb, 0x43, 0x4d, 0x33, 0x85, 0x45, 0xf9, 0x02, 0x7f, 0x50, 0x3c, 0x9f, 0xa8, 0x51, 0xa3, 0x40, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x9d, 0x38, 0xf5, 0xbc, 0xb6, 0xda, 0x21, 0x10, 0xff, 0xf3, 0xd2, 0xcd, 0x0c, 0x13, 0xec, 0x5f, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17, 0xc4, 0xa7, 0x7e, 0x3d, 0x64, 0x5d, 0x19, 0x73, 0x60, 0x81, 0x4f, 0xdc, 0x22, 0x2a, 0x90, 0x88, 0x46, 0xee, 0xb8, 0x14, 0xde, 0x5e, 0x0b, 0xdb, 0xe0, 0x32, 0x3a, 0x0a, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5c, 0xc2, 0xd3, 0xac, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xe4, 0x79, 0xe7, 0xc8, 0x37, 0x6d, 0x8d, 0xd5, 0x4e, 0xa9, 0x6c, 0x56, 0xf4, 0xea, 0x65, 0x7a, 0xae, 0x08, 0xba, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2e, 0x1c, 0xa6, 0xb4, 0xc6, 0xe8, 0xdd, 0x74, 0x1f, 0x4b, 0xbd, 0x8b, 0x8a, 0x70, 0x3e, 0xb5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xf6, 0x0e, 0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xb9, 0x86, 0xc1, 0x1d, 0x9e, 0xe1, 0xf8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xd9, 0x8e, 0x94, 0x9b, 0x1e, 0x87, 0xe9, 0xce, 0x55, 0x28, 0xdf, 0x8c, 0xa1, 0x89, 0x0d, 0xbf, 0xe6, 0x42, 0x68, 0x41, 0x99, 0x2d, 0x0f, 0xb0, 0x54, 0xbb, 0x16];
-           var Si =[0x52, 0x09, 0x6a, 0xd5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xa5, 0x38, 0xbf, 0x40, 0xa3, 0x9e, 0x81, 0xf3, 0xd7, 0xfb, 0x7c, 0xe3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9b, 0x2f, 0xff, 0x87, 0x34, 0x8e, 0x43, 0x44, 0xc4, 0xde, 0xe9, 0xcb, 0x54, 0x7b, 0x94, 0x32, 0xa6, 0xc2, 0x23, 0x3d, 0xee, 0x4c, 0x95, 0x0b, 0x42, 0xfa, 0xc3, 0x4e, 0x08, 0x2e, 0xa1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xd9, 0x24, 0xb2, 0x76, 0x5b, 0xa2, 0x49, 0x6d, 0x8b, 0xd1, 0x25, 0x72, 0xf8, 0xf6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16, 0xd4, 0xa4, 0x5c, 0xcc, 0x5d, 0x65, 0xb6, 0x92, 0x6c, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xfd, 0xed, 0xb9, 0xda, 0x5e, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xa7, 0x8d, 0x9d, 0x84, 0x90, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x00, 0x8c, 0xbc, 0xd3, 0x0a, 0xf7, 0xe4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xb8, 0xb3, 0x45, 0x06, 0xd0, 0x2c, 0x1e, 0x8f, 0xca, 0x3f, 0x0f, 0x02, 0xc1, 0xaf, 0xbd, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8a, 0x6b, 0x3a, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41, 0x4f, 0x67, 0xdc, 0xea, 0x97, 0xf2, 0xcf, 0xce, 0xf0, 0xb4, 0xe6, 0x73, 0x96, 0xac, 0x74, 0x22, 0xe7, 0xad, 0x35, 0x85, 0xe2, 0xf9, 0x37, 0xe8, 0x1c, 0x75, 0xdf, 0x6e, 0x47, 0xf1, 0x1a, 0x71, 0x1d, 0x29, 0xc5, 0x89, 0x6f, 0xb7, 0x62, 0x0e, 0xaa, 0x18, 0xbe, 0x1b, 0xfc, 0x56, 0x3e, 0x4b, 0xc6, 0xd2, 0x79, 0x20, 0x9a, 0xdb, 0xc0, 0xfe, 0x78, 0xcd, 0x5a, 0xf4, 0x1f, 0xdd, 0xa8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07, 0xc7, 0x31, 0xb1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xec, 0x5f, 0x60, 0x51, 0x7f, 0xa9, 0x19, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x0d, 0x2d, 0xe5, 0x7a, 0x9f, 0x93, 0xc9, 0x9c, 0xef, 0xa0, 0xe0, 0x3b, 0x4d, 0xae, 0x2a, 0xf5, 0xb0, 0xc8, 0xeb, 0xbb, 0x3c, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61, 0x17, 0x2b, 0x04, 0x7e, 0xba, 0x77, 0xd6, 0x26, 0xe1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55, 0x21, 0x0c, 0x7d];
+       function utilArrayIntersection(a, b) {
+         var other = new Set(b);
+         return Array.from(new Set(a)).filter(function (v) {
+           return other.has(v);
+         });
+       } // Union (a ∪ b): create a set that contains the elements of both set a and set b.
+       // var a = [1,2,3];
+       // var b = [4,3,2];
+       // utilArrayUnion(a, b)
+       //   [1,2,3,4]
 
-           // Transformations for encryption
-           var T1 = [0xc66363a5, 0xf87c7c84, 0xee777799, 0xf67b7b8d, 0xfff2f20d, 0xd66b6bbd, 0xde6f6fb1, 0x91c5c554, 0x60303050, 0x02010103, 0xce6767a9, 0x562b2b7d, 0xe7fefe19, 0xb5d7d762, 0x4dababe6, 0xec76769a, 0x8fcaca45, 0x1f82829d, 0x89c9c940, 0xfa7d7d87, 0xeffafa15, 0xb25959eb, 0x8e4747c9, 0xfbf0f00b, 0x41adadec, 0xb3d4d467, 0x5fa2a2fd, 0x45afafea, 0x239c9cbf, 0x53a4a4f7, 0xe4727296, 0x9bc0c05b, 0x75b7b7c2, 0xe1fdfd1c, 0x3d9393ae, 0x4c26266a, 0x6c36365a, 0x7e3f3f41, 0xf5f7f702, 0x83cccc4f, 0x6834345c, 0x51a5a5f4, 0xd1e5e534, 0xf9f1f108, 0xe2717193, 0xabd8d873, 0x62313153, 0x2a15153f, 0x0804040c, 0x95c7c752, 0x46232365, 0x9dc3c35e, 0x30181828, 0x379696a1, 0x0a05050f, 0x2f9a9ab5, 0x0e070709, 0x24121236, 0x1b80809b, 0xdfe2e23d, 0xcdebeb26, 0x4e272769, 0x7fb2b2cd, 0xea75759f, 0x1209091b, 0x1d83839e, 0x582c2c74, 0x341a1a2e, 0x361b1b2d, 0xdc6e6eb2, 0xb45a5aee, 0x5ba0a0fb, 0xa45252f6, 0x763b3b4d, 0xb7d6d661, 0x7db3b3ce, 0x5229297b, 0xdde3e33e, 0x5e2f2f71, 0x13848497, 0xa65353f5, 0xb9d1d168, 0x00000000, 0xc1eded2c, 0x40202060, 0xe3fcfc1f, 0x79b1b1c8, 0xb65b5bed, 0xd46a6abe, 0x8dcbcb46, 0x67bebed9, 0x7239394b, 0x944a4ade, 0x984c4cd4, 0xb05858e8, 0x85cfcf4a, 0xbbd0d06b, 0xc5efef2a, 0x4faaaae5, 0xedfbfb16, 0x864343c5, 0x9a4d4dd7, 0x66333355, 0x11858594, 0x8a4545cf, 0xe9f9f910, 0x04020206, 0xfe7f7f81, 0xa05050f0, 0x783c3c44, 0x259f9fba, 0x4ba8a8e3, 0xa25151f3, 0x5da3a3fe, 0x804040c0, 0x058f8f8a, 0x3f9292ad, 0x219d9dbc, 0x70383848, 0xf1f5f504, 0x63bcbcdf, 0x77b6b6c1, 0xafdada75, 0x42212163, 0x20101030, 0xe5ffff1a, 0xfdf3f30e, 0xbfd2d26d, 0x81cdcd4c, 0x180c0c14, 0x26131335, 0xc3ecec2f, 0xbe5f5fe1, 0x359797a2, 0x884444cc, 0x2e171739, 0x93c4c457, 0x55a7a7f2, 0xfc7e7e82, 0x7a3d3d47, 0xc86464ac, 0xba5d5de7, 0x3219192b, 0xe6737395, 0xc06060a0, 0x19818198, 0x9e4f4fd1, 0xa3dcdc7f, 0x44222266, 0x542a2a7e, 0x3b9090ab, 0x0b888883, 0x8c4646ca, 0xc7eeee29, 0x6bb8b8d3, 0x2814143c, 0xa7dede79, 0xbc5e5ee2, 0x160b0b1d, 0xaddbdb76, 0xdbe0e03b, 0x64323256, 0x743a3a4e, 0x140a0a1e, 0x924949db, 0x0c06060a, 0x4824246c, 0xb85c5ce4, 0x9fc2c25d, 0xbdd3d36e, 0x43acacef, 0xc46262a6, 0x399191a8, 0x319595a4, 0xd3e4e437, 0xf279798b, 0xd5e7e732, 0x8bc8c843, 0x6e373759, 0xda6d6db7, 0x018d8d8c, 0xb1d5d564, 0x9c4e4ed2, 0x49a9a9e0, 0xd86c6cb4, 0xac5656fa, 0xf3f4f407, 0xcfeaea25, 0xca6565af, 0xf47a7a8e, 0x47aeaee9, 0x10080818, 0x6fbabad5, 0xf0787888, 0x4a25256f, 0x5c2e2e72, 0x381c1c24, 0x57a6a6f1, 0x73b4b4c7, 0x97c6c651, 0xcbe8e823, 0xa1dddd7c, 0xe874749c, 0x3e1f1f21, 0x964b4bdd, 0x61bdbddc, 0x0d8b8b86, 0x0f8a8a85, 0xe0707090, 0x7c3e3e42, 0x71b5b5c4, 0xcc6666aa, 0x904848d8, 0x06030305, 0xf7f6f601, 0x1c0e0e12, 0xc26161a3, 0x6a35355f, 0xae5757f9, 0x69b9b9d0, 0x17868691, 0x99c1c158, 0x3a1d1d27, 0x279e9eb9, 0xd9e1e138, 0xebf8f813, 0x2b9898b3, 0x22111133, 0xd26969bb, 0xa9d9d970, 0x078e8e89, 0x339494a7, 0x2d9b9bb6, 0x3c1e1e22, 0x15878792, 0xc9e9e920, 0x87cece49, 0xaa5555ff, 0x50282878, 0xa5dfdf7a, 0x038c8c8f, 0x59a1a1f8, 0x09898980, 0x1a0d0d17, 0x65bfbfda, 0xd7e6e631, 0x844242c6, 0xd06868b8, 0x824141c3, 0x299999b0, 0x5a2d2d77, 0x1e0f0f11, 0x7bb0b0cb, 0xa85454fc, 0x6dbbbbd6, 0x2c16163a];
-           var T2 = [0xa5c66363, 0x84f87c7c, 0x99ee7777, 0x8df67b7b, 0x0dfff2f2, 0xbdd66b6b, 0xb1de6f6f, 0x5491c5c5, 0x50603030, 0x03020101, 0xa9ce6767, 0x7d562b2b, 0x19e7fefe, 0x62b5d7d7, 0xe64dabab, 0x9aec7676, 0x458fcaca, 0x9d1f8282, 0x4089c9c9, 0x87fa7d7d, 0x15effafa, 0xebb25959, 0xc98e4747, 0x0bfbf0f0, 0xec41adad, 0x67b3d4d4, 0xfd5fa2a2, 0xea45afaf, 0xbf239c9c, 0xf753a4a4, 0x96e47272, 0x5b9bc0c0, 0xc275b7b7, 0x1ce1fdfd, 0xae3d9393, 0x6a4c2626, 0x5a6c3636, 0x417e3f3f, 0x02f5f7f7, 0x4f83cccc, 0x5c683434, 0xf451a5a5, 0x34d1e5e5, 0x08f9f1f1, 0x93e27171, 0x73abd8d8, 0x53623131, 0x3f2a1515, 0x0c080404, 0x5295c7c7, 0x65462323, 0x5e9dc3c3, 0x28301818, 0xa1379696, 0x0f0a0505, 0xb52f9a9a, 0x090e0707, 0x36241212, 0x9b1b8080, 0x3ddfe2e2, 0x26cdebeb, 0x694e2727, 0xcd7fb2b2, 0x9fea7575, 0x1b120909, 0x9e1d8383, 0x74582c2c, 0x2e341a1a, 0x2d361b1b, 0xb2dc6e6e, 0xeeb45a5a, 0xfb5ba0a0, 0xf6a45252, 0x4d763b3b, 0x61b7d6d6, 0xce7db3b3, 0x7b522929, 0x3edde3e3, 0x715e2f2f, 0x97138484, 0xf5a65353, 0x68b9d1d1, 0x00000000, 0x2cc1eded, 0x60402020, 0x1fe3fcfc, 0xc879b1b1, 0xedb65b5b, 0xbed46a6a, 0x468dcbcb, 0xd967bebe, 0x4b723939, 0xde944a4a, 0xd4984c4c, 0xe8b05858, 0x4a85cfcf, 0x6bbbd0d0, 0x2ac5efef, 0xe54faaaa, 0x16edfbfb, 0xc5864343, 0xd79a4d4d, 0x55663333, 0x94118585, 0xcf8a4545, 0x10e9f9f9, 0x06040202, 0x81fe7f7f, 0xf0a05050, 0x44783c3c, 0xba259f9f, 0xe34ba8a8, 0xf3a25151, 0xfe5da3a3, 0xc0804040, 0x8a058f8f, 0xad3f9292, 0xbc219d9d, 0x48703838, 0x04f1f5f5, 0xdf63bcbc, 0xc177b6b6, 0x75afdada, 0x63422121, 0x30201010, 0x1ae5ffff, 0x0efdf3f3, 0x6dbfd2d2, 0x4c81cdcd, 0x14180c0c, 0x35261313, 0x2fc3ecec, 0xe1be5f5f, 0xa2359797, 0xcc884444, 0x392e1717, 0x5793c4c4, 0xf255a7a7, 0x82fc7e7e, 0x477a3d3d, 0xacc86464, 0xe7ba5d5d, 0x2b321919, 0x95e67373, 0xa0c06060, 0x98198181, 0xd19e4f4f, 0x7fa3dcdc, 0x66442222, 0x7e542a2a, 0xab3b9090, 0x830b8888, 0xca8c4646, 0x29c7eeee, 0xd36bb8b8, 0x3c281414, 0x79a7dede, 0xe2bc5e5e, 0x1d160b0b, 0x76addbdb, 0x3bdbe0e0, 0x56643232, 0x4e743a3a, 0x1e140a0a, 0xdb924949, 0x0a0c0606, 0x6c482424, 0xe4b85c5c, 0x5d9fc2c2, 0x6ebdd3d3, 0xef43acac, 0xa6c46262, 0xa8399191, 0xa4319595, 0x37d3e4e4, 0x8bf27979, 0x32d5e7e7, 0x438bc8c8, 0x596e3737, 0xb7da6d6d, 0x8c018d8d, 0x64b1d5d5, 0xd29c4e4e, 0xe049a9a9, 0xb4d86c6c, 0xfaac5656, 0x07f3f4f4, 0x25cfeaea, 0xafca6565, 0x8ef47a7a, 0xe947aeae, 0x18100808, 0xd56fbaba, 0x88f07878, 0x6f4a2525, 0x725c2e2e, 0x24381c1c, 0xf157a6a6, 0xc773b4b4, 0x5197c6c6, 0x23cbe8e8, 0x7ca1dddd, 0x9ce87474, 0x213e1f1f, 0xdd964b4b, 0xdc61bdbd, 0x860d8b8b, 0x850f8a8a, 0x90e07070, 0x427c3e3e, 0xc471b5b5, 0xaacc6666, 0xd8904848, 0x05060303, 0x01f7f6f6, 0x121c0e0e, 0xa3c26161, 0x5f6a3535, 0xf9ae5757, 0xd069b9b9, 0x91178686, 0x5899c1c1, 0x273a1d1d, 0xb9279e9e, 0x38d9e1e1, 0x13ebf8f8, 0xb32b9898, 0x33221111, 0xbbd26969, 0x70a9d9d9, 0x89078e8e, 0xa7339494, 0xb62d9b9b, 0x223c1e1e, 0x92158787, 0x20c9e9e9, 0x4987cece, 0xffaa5555, 0x78502828, 0x7aa5dfdf, 0x8f038c8c, 0xf859a1a1, 0x80098989, 0x171a0d0d, 0xda65bfbf, 0x31d7e6e6, 0xc6844242, 0xb8d06868, 0xc3824141, 0xb0299999, 0x775a2d2d, 0x111e0f0f, 0xcb7bb0b0, 0xfca85454, 0xd66dbbbb, 0x3a2c1616];
-           var T3 = [0x63a5c663, 0x7c84f87c, 0x7799ee77, 0x7b8df67b, 0xf20dfff2, 0x6bbdd66b, 0x6fb1de6f, 0xc55491c5, 0x30506030, 0x01030201, 0x67a9ce67, 0x2b7d562b, 0xfe19e7fe, 0xd762b5d7, 0xabe64dab, 0x769aec76, 0xca458fca, 0x829d1f82, 0xc94089c9, 0x7d87fa7d, 0xfa15effa, 0x59ebb259, 0x47c98e47, 0xf00bfbf0, 0xadec41ad, 0xd467b3d4, 0xa2fd5fa2, 0xafea45af, 0x9cbf239c, 0xa4f753a4, 0x7296e472, 0xc05b9bc0, 0xb7c275b7, 0xfd1ce1fd, 0x93ae3d93, 0x266a4c26, 0x365a6c36, 0x3f417e3f, 0xf702f5f7, 0xcc4f83cc, 0x345c6834, 0xa5f451a5, 0xe534d1e5, 0xf108f9f1, 0x7193e271, 0xd873abd8, 0x31536231, 0x153f2a15, 0x040c0804, 0xc75295c7, 0x23654623, 0xc35e9dc3, 0x18283018, 0x96a13796, 0x050f0a05, 0x9ab52f9a, 0x07090e07, 0x12362412, 0x809b1b80, 0xe23ddfe2, 0xeb26cdeb, 0x27694e27, 0xb2cd7fb2, 0x759fea75, 0x091b1209, 0x839e1d83, 0x2c74582c, 0x1a2e341a, 0x1b2d361b, 0x6eb2dc6e, 0x5aeeb45a, 0xa0fb5ba0, 0x52f6a452, 0x3b4d763b, 0xd661b7d6, 0xb3ce7db3, 0x297b5229, 0xe33edde3, 0x2f715e2f, 0x84971384, 0x53f5a653, 0xd168b9d1, 0x00000000, 0xed2cc1ed, 0x20604020, 0xfc1fe3fc, 0xb1c879b1, 0x5bedb65b, 0x6abed46a, 0xcb468dcb, 0xbed967be, 0x394b7239, 0x4ade944a, 0x4cd4984c, 0x58e8b058, 0xcf4a85cf, 0xd06bbbd0, 0xef2ac5ef, 0xaae54faa, 0xfb16edfb, 0x43c58643, 0x4dd79a4d, 0x33556633, 0x85941185, 0x45cf8a45, 0xf910e9f9, 0x02060402, 0x7f81fe7f, 0x50f0a050, 0x3c44783c, 0x9fba259f, 0xa8e34ba8, 0x51f3a251, 0xa3fe5da3, 0x40c08040, 0x8f8a058f, 0x92ad3f92, 0x9dbc219d, 0x38487038, 0xf504f1f5, 0xbcdf63bc, 0xb6c177b6, 0xda75afda, 0x21634221, 0x10302010, 0xff1ae5ff, 0xf30efdf3, 0xd26dbfd2, 0xcd4c81cd, 0x0c14180c, 0x13352613, 0xec2fc3ec, 0x5fe1be5f, 0x97a23597, 0x44cc8844, 0x17392e17, 0xc45793c4, 0xa7f255a7, 0x7e82fc7e, 0x3d477a3d, 0x64acc864, 0x5de7ba5d, 0x192b3219, 0x7395e673, 0x60a0c060, 0x81981981, 0x4fd19e4f, 0xdc7fa3dc, 0x22664422, 0x2a7e542a, 0x90ab3b90, 0x88830b88, 0x46ca8c46, 0xee29c7ee, 0xb8d36bb8, 0x143c2814, 0xde79a7de, 0x5ee2bc5e, 0x0b1d160b, 0xdb76addb, 0xe03bdbe0, 0x32566432, 0x3a4e743a, 0x0a1e140a, 0x49db9249, 0x060a0c06, 0x246c4824, 0x5ce4b85c, 0xc25d9fc2, 0xd36ebdd3, 0xacef43ac, 0x62a6c462, 0x91a83991, 0x95a43195, 0xe437d3e4, 0x798bf279, 0xe732d5e7, 0xc8438bc8, 0x37596e37, 0x6db7da6d, 0x8d8c018d, 0xd564b1d5, 0x4ed29c4e, 0xa9e049a9, 0x6cb4d86c, 0x56faac56, 0xf407f3f4, 0xea25cfea, 0x65afca65, 0x7a8ef47a, 0xaee947ae, 0x08181008, 0xbad56fba, 0x7888f078, 0x256f4a25, 0x2e725c2e, 0x1c24381c, 0xa6f157a6, 0xb4c773b4, 0xc65197c6, 0xe823cbe8, 0xdd7ca1dd, 0x749ce874, 0x1f213e1f, 0x4bdd964b, 0xbddc61bd, 0x8b860d8b, 0x8a850f8a, 0x7090e070, 0x3e427c3e, 0xb5c471b5, 0x66aacc66, 0x48d89048, 0x03050603, 0xf601f7f6, 0x0e121c0e, 0x61a3c261, 0x355f6a35, 0x57f9ae57, 0xb9d069b9, 0x86911786, 0xc15899c1, 0x1d273a1d, 0x9eb9279e, 0xe138d9e1, 0xf813ebf8, 0x98b32b98, 0x11332211, 0x69bbd269, 0xd970a9d9, 0x8e89078e, 0x94a73394, 0x9bb62d9b, 0x1e223c1e, 0x87921587, 0xe920c9e9, 0xce4987ce, 0x55ffaa55, 0x28785028, 0xdf7aa5df, 0x8c8f038c, 0xa1f859a1, 0x89800989, 0x0d171a0d, 0xbfda65bf, 0xe631d7e6, 0x42c68442, 0x68b8d068, 0x41c38241, 0x99b02999, 0x2d775a2d, 0x0f111e0f, 0xb0cb7bb0, 0x54fca854, 0xbbd66dbb, 0x163a2c16];
-           var T4 = [0x6363a5c6, 0x7c7c84f8, 0x777799ee, 0x7b7b8df6, 0xf2f20dff, 0x6b6bbdd6, 0x6f6fb1de, 0xc5c55491, 0x30305060, 0x01010302, 0x6767a9ce, 0x2b2b7d56, 0xfefe19e7, 0xd7d762b5, 0xababe64d, 0x76769aec, 0xcaca458f, 0x82829d1f, 0xc9c94089, 0x7d7d87fa, 0xfafa15ef, 0x5959ebb2, 0x4747c98e, 0xf0f00bfb, 0xadadec41, 0xd4d467b3, 0xa2a2fd5f, 0xafafea45, 0x9c9cbf23, 0xa4a4f753, 0x727296e4, 0xc0c05b9b, 0xb7b7c275, 0xfdfd1ce1, 0x9393ae3d, 0x26266a4c, 0x36365a6c, 0x3f3f417e, 0xf7f702f5, 0xcccc4f83, 0x34345c68, 0xa5a5f451, 0xe5e534d1, 0xf1f108f9, 0x717193e2, 0xd8d873ab, 0x31315362, 0x15153f2a, 0x04040c08, 0xc7c75295, 0x23236546, 0xc3c35e9d, 0x18182830, 0x9696a137, 0x05050f0a, 0x9a9ab52f, 0x0707090e, 0x12123624, 0x80809b1b, 0xe2e23ddf, 0xebeb26cd, 0x2727694e, 0xb2b2cd7f, 0x75759fea, 0x09091b12, 0x83839e1d, 0x2c2c7458, 0x1a1a2e34, 0x1b1b2d36, 0x6e6eb2dc, 0x5a5aeeb4, 0xa0a0fb5b, 0x5252f6a4, 0x3b3b4d76, 0xd6d661b7, 0xb3b3ce7d, 0x29297b52, 0xe3e33edd, 0x2f2f715e, 0x84849713, 0x5353f5a6, 0xd1d168b9, 0x00000000, 0xeded2cc1, 0x20206040, 0xfcfc1fe3, 0xb1b1c879, 0x5b5bedb6, 0x6a6abed4, 0xcbcb468d, 0xbebed967, 0x39394b72, 0x4a4ade94, 0x4c4cd498, 0x5858e8b0, 0xcfcf4a85, 0xd0d06bbb, 0xefef2ac5, 0xaaaae54f, 0xfbfb16ed, 0x4343c586, 0x4d4dd79a, 0x33335566, 0x85859411, 0x4545cf8a, 0xf9f910e9, 0x02020604, 0x7f7f81fe, 0x5050f0a0, 0x3c3c4478, 0x9f9fba25, 0xa8a8e34b, 0x5151f3a2, 0xa3a3fe5d, 0x4040c080, 0x8f8f8a05, 0x9292ad3f, 0x9d9dbc21, 0x38384870, 0xf5f504f1, 0xbcbcdf63, 0xb6b6c177, 0xdada75af, 0x21216342, 0x10103020, 0xffff1ae5, 0xf3f30efd, 0xd2d26dbf, 0xcdcd4c81, 0x0c0c1418, 0x13133526, 0xecec2fc3, 0x5f5fe1be, 0x9797a235, 0x4444cc88, 0x1717392e, 0xc4c45793, 0xa7a7f255, 0x7e7e82fc, 0x3d3d477a, 0x6464acc8, 0x5d5de7ba, 0x19192b32, 0x737395e6, 0x6060a0c0, 0x81819819, 0x4f4fd19e, 0xdcdc7fa3, 0x22226644, 0x2a2a7e54, 0x9090ab3b, 0x8888830b, 0x4646ca8c, 0xeeee29c7, 0xb8b8d36b, 0x14143c28, 0xdede79a7, 0x5e5ee2bc, 0x0b0b1d16, 0xdbdb76ad, 0xe0e03bdb, 0x32325664, 0x3a3a4e74, 0x0a0a1e14, 0x4949db92, 0x06060a0c, 0x24246c48, 0x5c5ce4b8, 0xc2c25d9f, 0xd3d36ebd, 0xacacef43, 0x6262a6c4, 0x9191a839, 0x9595a431, 0xe4e437d3, 0x79798bf2, 0xe7e732d5, 0xc8c8438b, 0x3737596e, 0x6d6db7da, 0x8d8d8c01, 0xd5d564b1, 0x4e4ed29c, 0xa9a9e049, 0x6c6cb4d8, 0x5656faac, 0xf4f407f3, 0xeaea25cf, 0x6565afca, 0x7a7a8ef4, 0xaeaee947, 0x08081810, 0xbabad56f, 0x787888f0, 0x25256f4a, 0x2e2e725c, 0x1c1c2438, 0xa6a6f157, 0xb4b4c773, 0xc6c65197, 0xe8e823cb, 0xdddd7ca1, 0x74749ce8, 0x1f1f213e, 0x4b4bdd96, 0xbdbddc61, 0x8b8b860d, 0x8a8a850f, 0x707090e0, 0x3e3e427c, 0xb5b5c471, 0x6666aacc, 0x4848d890, 0x03030506, 0xf6f601f7, 0x0e0e121c, 0x6161a3c2, 0x35355f6a, 0x5757f9ae, 0xb9b9d069, 0x86869117, 0xc1c15899, 0x1d1d273a, 0x9e9eb927, 0xe1e138d9, 0xf8f813eb, 0x9898b32b, 0x11113322, 0x6969bbd2, 0xd9d970a9, 0x8e8e8907, 0x9494a733, 0x9b9bb62d, 0x1e1e223c, 0x87879215, 0xe9e920c9, 0xcece4987, 0x5555ffaa, 0x28287850, 0xdfdf7aa5, 0x8c8c8f03, 0xa1a1f859, 0x89898009, 0x0d0d171a, 0xbfbfda65, 0xe6e631d7, 0x4242c684, 0x6868b8d0, 0x4141c382, 0x9999b029, 0x2d2d775a, 0x0f0f111e, 0xb0b0cb7b, 0x5454fca8, 0xbbbbd66d, 0x16163a2c];
+       function utilArrayUnion(a, b) {
+         var result = new Set(a);
+         b.forEach(function (v) {
+           result.add(v);
+         });
+         return Array.from(result);
+       } // Returns an Array with all the duplicates removed
+       // var a = [1,1,2,3,3];
+       // utilArrayUniq(a)
+       //   [1,2,3]
 
-           // Transformations for decryption
-           var T5 = [0x51f4a750, 0x7e416553, 0x1a17a4c3, 0x3a275e96, 0x3bab6bcb, 0x1f9d45f1, 0xacfa58ab, 0x4be30393, 0x2030fa55, 0xad766df6, 0x88cc7691, 0xf5024c25, 0x4fe5d7fc, 0xc52acbd7, 0x26354480, 0xb562a38f, 0xdeb15a49, 0x25ba1b67, 0x45ea0e98, 0x5dfec0e1, 0xc32f7502, 0x814cf012, 0x8d4697a3, 0x6bd3f9c6, 0x038f5fe7, 0x15929c95, 0xbf6d7aeb, 0x955259da, 0xd4be832d, 0x587421d3, 0x49e06929, 0x8ec9c844, 0x75c2896a, 0xf48e7978, 0x99583e6b, 0x27b971dd, 0xbee14fb6, 0xf088ad17, 0xc920ac66, 0x7dce3ab4, 0x63df4a18, 0xe51a3182, 0x97513360, 0x62537f45, 0xb16477e0, 0xbb6bae84, 0xfe81a01c, 0xf9082b94, 0x70486858, 0x8f45fd19, 0x94de6c87, 0x527bf8b7, 0xab73d323, 0x724b02e2, 0xe31f8f57, 0x6655ab2a, 0xb2eb2807, 0x2fb5c203, 0x86c57b9a, 0xd33708a5, 0x302887f2, 0x23bfa5b2, 0x02036aba, 0xed16825c, 0x8acf1c2b, 0xa779b492, 0xf307f2f0, 0x4e69e2a1, 0x65daf4cd, 0x0605bed5, 0xd134621f, 0xc4a6fe8a, 0x342e539d, 0xa2f355a0, 0x058ae132, 0xa4f6eb75, 0x0b83ec39, 0x4060efaa, 0x5e719f06, 0xbd6e1051, 0x3e218af9, 0x96dd063d, 0xdd3e05ae, 0x4de6bd46, 0x91548db5, 0x71c45d05, 0x0406d46f, 0x605015ff, 0x1998fb24, 0xd6bde997, 0x894043cc, 0x67d99e77, 0xb0e842bd, 0x07898b88, 0xe7195b38, 0x79c8eedb, 0xa17c0a47, 0x7c420fe9, 0xf8841ec9, 0x00000000, 0x09808683, 0x322bed48, 0x1e1170ac, 0x6c5a724e, 0xfd0efffb, 0x0f853856, 0x3daed51e, 0x362d3927, 0x0a0fd964, 0x685ca621, 0x9b5b54d1, 0x24362e3a, 0x0c0a67b1, 0x9357e70f, 0xb4ee96d2, 0x1b9b919e, 0x80c0c54f, 0x61dc20a2, 0x5a774b69, 0x1c121a16, 0xe293ba0a, 0xc0a02ae5, 0x3c22e043, 0x121b171d, 0x0e090d0b, 0xf28bc7ad, 0x2db6a8b9, 0x141ea9c8, 0x57f11985, 0xaf75074c, 0xee99ddbb, 0xa37f60fd, 0xf701269f, 0x5c72f5bc, 0x44663bc5, 0x5bfb7e34, 0x8b432976, 0xcb23c6dc, 0xb6edfc68, 0xb8e4f163, 0xd731dcca, 0x42638510, 0x13972240, 0x84c61120, 0x854a247d, 0xd2bb3df8, 0xaef93211, 0xc729a16d, 0x1d9e2f4b, 0xdcb230f3, 0x0d8652ec, 0x77c1e3d0, 0x2bb3166c, 0xa970b999, 0x119448fa, 0x47e96422, 0xa8fc8cc4, 0xa0f03f1a, 0x567d2cd8, 0x223390ef, 0x87494ec7, 0xd938d1c1, 0x8ccaa2fe, 0x98d40b36, 0xa6f581cf, 0xa57ade28, 0xdab78e26, 0x3fadbfa4, 0x2c3a9de4, 0x5078920d, 0x6a5fcc9b, 0x547e4662, 0xf68d13c2, 0x90d8b8e8, 0x2e39f75e, 0x82c3aff5, 0x9f5d80be, 0x69d0937c, 0x6fd52da9, 0xcf2512b3, 0xc8ac993b, 0x10187da7, 0xe89c636e, 0xdb3bbb7b, 0xcd267809, 0x6e5918f4, 0xec9ab701, 0x834f9aa8, 0xe6956e65, 0xaaffe67e, 0x21bccf08, 0xef15e8e6, 0xbae79bd9, 0x4a6f36ce, 0xea9f09d4, 0x29b07cd6, 0x31a4b2af, 0x2a3f2331, 0xc6a59430, 0x35a266c0, 0x744ebc37, 0xfc82caa6, 0xe090d0b0, 0x33a7d815, 0xf104984a, 0x41ecdaf7, 0x7fcd500e, 0x1791f62f, 0x764dd68d, 0x43efb04d, 0xccaa4d54, 0xe49604df, 0x9ed1b5e3, 0x4c6a881b, 0xc12c1fb8, 0x4665517f, 0x9d5eea04, 0x018c355d, 0xfa877473, 0xfb0b412e, 0xb3671d5a, 0x92dbd252, 0xe9105633, 0x6dd64713, 0x9ad7618c, 0x37a10c7a, 0x59f8148e, 0xeb133c89, 0xcea927ee, 0xb761c935, 0xe11ce5ed, 0x7a47b13c, 0x9cd2df59, 0x55f2733f, 0x1814ce79, 0x73c737bf, 0x53f7cdea, 0x5ffdaa5b, 0xdf3d6f14, 0x7844db86, 0xcaaff381, 0xb968c43e, 0x3824342c, 0xc2a3405f, 0x161dc372, 0xbce2250c, 0x283c498b, 0xff0d9541, 0x39a80171, 0x080cb3de, 0xd8b4e49c, 0x6456c190, 0x7bcb8461, 0xd532b670, 0x486c5c74, 0xd0b85742];
-           var T6 = [0x5051f4a7, 0x537e4165, 0xc31a17a4, 0x963a275e, 0xcb3bab6b, 0xf11f9d45, 0xabacfa58, 0x934be303, 0x552030fa, 0xf6ad766d, 0x9188cc76, 0x25f5024c, 0xfc4fe5d7, 0xd7c52acb, 0x80263544, 0x8fb562a3, 0x49deb15a, 0x6725ba1b, 0x9845ea0e, 0xe15dfec0, 0x02c32f75, 0x12814cf0, 0xa38d4697, 0xc66bd3f9, 0xe7038f5f, 0x9515929c, 0xebbf6d7a, 0xda955259, 0x2dd4be83, 0xd3587421, 0x2949e069, 0x448ec9c8, 0x6a75c289, 0x78f48e79, 0x6b99583e, 0xdd27b971, 0xb6bee14f, 0x17f088ad, 0x66c920ac, 0xb47dce3a, 0x1863df4a, 0x82e51a31, 0x60975133, 0x4562537f, 0xe0b16477, 0x84bb6bae, 0x1cfe81a0, 0x94f9082b, 0x58704868, 0x198f45fd, 0x8794de6c, 0xb7527bf8, 0x23ab73d3, 0xe2724b02, 0x57e31f8f, 0x2a6655ab, 0x07b2eb28, 0x032fb5c2, 0x9a86c57b, 0xa5d33708, 0xf2302887, 0xb223bfa5, 0xba02036a, 0x5ced1682, 0x2b8acf1c, 0x92a779b4, 0xf0f307f2, 0xa14e69e2, 0xcd65daf4, 0xd50605be, 0x1fd13462, 0x8ac4a6fe, 0x9d342e53, 0xa0a2f355, 0x32058ae1, 0x75a4f6eb, 0x390b83ec, 0xaa4060ef, 0x065e719f, 0x51bd6e10, 0xf93e218a, 0x3d96dd06, 0xaedd3e05, 0x464de6bd, 0xb591548d, 0x0571c45d, 0x6f0406d4, 0xff605015, 0x241998fb, 0x97d6bde9, 0xcc894043, 0x7767d99e, 0xbdb0e842, 0x8807898b, 0x38e7195b, 0xdb79c8ee, 0x47a17c0a, 0xe97c420f, 0xc9f8841e, 0x00000000, 0x83098086, 0x48322bed, 0xac1e1170, 0x4e6c5a72, 0xfbfd0eff, 0x560f8538, 0x1e3daed5, 0x27362d39, 0x640a0fd9, 0x21685ca6, 0xd19b5b54, 0x3a24362e, 0xb10c0a67, 0x0f9357e7, 0xd2b4ee96, 0x9e1b9b91, 0x4f80c0c5, 0xa261dc20, 0x695a774b, 0x161c121a, 0x0ae293ba, 0xe5c0a02a, 0x433c22e0, 0x1d121b17, 0x0b0e090d, 0xadf28bc7, 0xb92db6a8, 0xc8141ea9, 0x8557f119, 0x4caf7507, 0xbbee99dd, 0xfda37f60, 0x9ff70126, 0xbc5c72f5, 0xc544663b, 0x345bfb7e, 0x768b4329, 0xdccb23c6, 0x68b6edfc, 0x63b8e4f1, 0xcad731dc, 0x10426385, 0x40139722, 0x2084c611, 0x7d854a24, 0xf8d2bb3d, 0x11aef932, 0x6dc729a1, 0x4b1d9e2f, 0xf3dcb230, 0xec0d8652, 0xd077c1e3, 0x6c2bb316, 0x99a970b9, 0xfa119448, 0x2247e964, 0xc4a8fc8c, 0x1aa0f03f, 0xd8567d2c, 0xef223390, 0xc787494e, 0xc1d938d1, 0xfe8ccaa2, 0x3698d40b, 0xcfa6f581, 0x28a57ade, 0x26dab78e, 0xa43fadbf, 0xe42c3a9d, 0x0d507892, 0x9b6a5fcc, 0x62547e46, 0xc2f68d13, 0xe890d8b8, 0x5e2e39f7, 0xf582c3af, 0xbe9f5d80, 0x7c69d093, 0xa96fd52d, 0xb3cf2512, 0x3bc8ac99, 0xa710187d, 0x6ee89c63, 0x7bdb3bbb, 0x09cd2678, 0xf46e5918, 0x01ec9ab7, 0xa8834f9a, 0x65e6956e, 0x7eaaffe6, 0x0821bccf, 0xe6ef15e8, 0xd9bae79b, 0xce4a6f36, 0xd4ea9f09, 0xd629b07c, 0xaf31a4b2, 0x312a3f23, 0x30c6a594, 0xc035a266, 0x37744ebc, 0xa6fc82ca, 0xb0e090d0, 0x1533a7d8, 0x4af10498, 0xf741ecda, 0x0e7fcd50, 0x2f1791f6, 0x8d764dd6, 0x4d43efb0, 0x54ccaa4d, 0xdfe49604, 0xe39ed1b5, 0x1b4c6a88, 0xb8c12c1f, 0x7f466551, 0x049d5eea, 0x5d018c35, 0x73fa8774, 0x2efb0b41, 0x5ab3671d, 0x5292dbd2, 0x33e91056, 0x136dd647, 0x8c9ad761, 0x7a37a10c, 0x8e59f814, 0x89eb133c, 0xeecea927, 0x35b761c9, 0xede11ce5, 0x3c7a47b1, 0x599cd2df, 0x3f55f273, 0x791814ce, 0xbf73c737, 0xea53f7cd, 0x5b5ffdaa, 0x14df3d6f, 0x867844db, 0x81caaff3, 0x3eb968c4, 0x2c382434, 0x5fc2a340, 0x72161dc3, 0x0cbce225, 0x8b283c49, 0x41ff0d95, 0x7139a801, 0xde080cb3, 0x9cd8b4e4, 0x906456c1, 0x617bcb84, 0x70d532b6, 0x74486c5c, 0x42d0b857];
-           var T7 = [0xa75051f4, 0x65537e41, 0xa4c31a17, 0x5e963a27, 0x6bcb3bab, 0x45f11f9d, 0x58abacfa, 0x03934be3, 0xfa552030, 0x6df6ad76, 0x769188cc, 0x4c25f502, 0xd7fc4fe5, 0xcbd7c52a, 0x44802635, 0xa38fb562, 0x5a49deb1, 0x1b6725ba, 0x0e9845ea, 0xc0e15dfe, 0x7502c32f, 0xf012814c, 0x97a38d46, 0xf9c66bd3, 0x5fe7038f, 0x9c951592, 0x7aebbf6d, 0x59da9552, 0x832dd4be, 0x21d35874, 0x692949e0, 0xc8448ec9, 0x896a75c2, 0x7978f48e, 0x3e6b9958, 0x71dd27b9, 0x4fb6bee1, 0xad17f088, 0xac66c920, 0x3ab47dce, 0x4a1863df, 0x3182e51a, 0x33609751, 0x7f456253, 0x77e0b164, 0xae84bb6b, 0xa01cfe81, 0x2b94f908, 0x68587048, 0xfd198f45, 0x6c8794de, 0xf8b7527b, 0xd323ab73, 0x02e2724b, 0x8f57e31f, 0xab2a6655, 0x2807b2eb, 0xc2032fb5, 0x7b9a86c5, 0x08a5d337, 0x87f23028, 0xa5b223bf, 0x6aba0203, 0x825ced16, 0x1c2b8acf, 0xb492a779, 0xf2f0f307, 0xe2a14e69, 0xf4cd65da, 0xbed50605, 0x621fd134, 0xfe8ac4a6, 0x539d342e, 0x55a0a2f3, 0xe132058a, 0xeb75a4f6, 0xec390b83, 0xefaa4060, 0x9f065e71, 0x1051bd6e, 0x8af93e21, 0x063d96dd, 0x05aedd3e, 0xbd464de6, 0x8db59154, 0x5d0571c4, 0xd46f0406, 0x15ff6050, 0xfb241998, 0xe997d6bd, 0x43cc8940, 0x9e7767d9, 0x42bdb0e8, 0x8b880789, 0x5b38e719, 0xeedb79c8, 0x0a47a17c, 0x0fe97c42, 0x1ec9f884, 0x00000000, 0x86830980, 0xed48322b, 0x70ac1e11, 0x724e6c5a, 0xfffbfd0e, 0x38560f85, 0xd51e3dae, 0x3927362d, 0xd9640a0f, 0xa621685c, 0x54d19b5b, 0x2e3a2436, 0x67b10c0a, 0xe70f9357, 0x96d2b4ee, 0x919e1b9b, 0xc54f80c0, 0x20a261dc, 0x4b695a77, 0x1a161c12, 0xba0ae293, 0x2ae5c0a0, 0xe0433c22, 0x171d121b, 0x0d0b0e09, 0xc7adf28b, 0xa8b92db6, 0xa9c8141e, 0x198557f1, 0x074caf75, 0xddbbee99, 0x60fda37f, 0x269ff701, 0xf5bc5c72, 0x3bc54466, 0x7e345bfb, 0x29768b43, 0xc6dccb23, 0xfc68b6ed, 0xf163b8e4, 0xdccad731, 0x85104263, 0x22401397, 0x112084c6, 0x247d854a, 0x3df8d2bb, 0x3211aef9, 0xa16dc729, 0x2f4b1d9e, 0x30f3dcb2, 0x52ec0d86, 0xe3d077c1, 0x166c2bb3, 0xb999a970, 0x48fa1194, 0x642247e9, 0x8cc4a8fc, 0x3f1aa0f0, 0x2cd8567d, 0x90ef2233, 0x4ec78749, 0xd1c1d938, 0xa2fe8cca, 0x0b3698d4, 0x81cfa6f5, 0xde28a57a, 0x8e26dab7, 0xbfa43fad, 0x9de42c3a, 0x920d5078, 0xcc9b6a5f, 0x4662547e, 0x13c2f68d, 0xb8e890d8, 0xf75e2e39, 0xaff582c3, 0x80be9f5d, 0x937c69d0, 0x2da96fd5, 0x12b3cf25, 0x993bc8ac, 0x7da71018, 0x636ee89c, 0xbb7bdb3b, 0x7809cd26, 0x18f46e59, 0xb701ec9a, 0x9aa8834f, 0x6e65e695, 0xe67eaaff, 0xcf0821bc, 0xe8e6ef15, 0x9bd9bae7, 0x36ce4a6f, 0x09d4ea9f, 0x7cd629b0, 0xb2af31a4, 0x23312a3f, 0x9430c6a5, 0x66c035a2, 0xbc37744e, 0xcaa6fc82, 0xd0b0e090, 0xd81533a7, 0x984af104, 0xdaf741ec, 0x500e7fcd, 0xf62f1791, 0xd68d764d, 0xb04d43ef, 0x4d54ccaa, 0x04dfe496, 0xb5e39ed1, 0x881b4c6a, 0x1fb8c12c, 0x517f4665, 0xea049d5e, 0x355d018c, 0x7473fa87, 0x412efb0b, 0x1d5ab367, 0xd25292db, 0x5633e910, 0x47136dd6, 0x618c9ad7, 0x0c7a37a1, 0x148e59f8, 0x3c89eb13, 0x27eecea9, 0xc935b761, 0xe5ede11c, 0xb13c7a47, 0xdf599cd2, 0x733f55f2, 0xce791814, 0x37bf73c7, 0xcdea53f7, 0xaa5b5ffd, 0x6f14df3d, 0xdb867844, 0xf381caaf, 0xc43eb968, 0x342c3824, 0x405fc2a3, 0xc372161d, 0x250cbce2, 0x498b283c, 0x9541ff0d, 0x017139a8, 0xb3de080c, 0xe49cd8b4, 0xc1906456, 0x84617bcb, 0xb670d532, 0x5c74486c, 0x5742d0b8];
-           var T8 = [0xf4a75051, 0x4165537e, 0x17a4c31a, 0x275e963a, 0xab6bcb3b, 0x9d45f11f, 0xfa58abac, 0xe303934b, 0x30fa5520, 0x766df6ad, 0xcc769188, 0x024c25f5, 0xe5d7fc4f, 0x2acbd7c5, 0x35448026, 0x62a38fb5, 0xb15a49de, 0xba1b6725, 0xea0e9845, 0xfec0e15d, 0x2f7502c3, 0x4cf01281, 0x4697a38d, 0xd3f9c66b, 0x8f5fe703, 0x929c9515, 0x6d7aebbf, 0x5259da95, 0xbe832dd4, 0x7421d358, 0xe0692949, 0xc9c8448e, 0xc2896a75, 0x8e7978f4, 0x583e6b99, 0xb971dd27, 0xe14fb6be, 0x88ad17f0, 0x20ac66c9, 0xce3ab47d, 0xdf4a1863, 0x1a3182e5, 0x51336097, 0x537f4562, 0x6477e0b1, 0x6bae84bb, 0x81a01cfe, 0x082b94f9, 0x48685870, 0x45fd198f, 0xde6c8794, 0x7bf8b752, 0x73d323ab, 0x4b02e272, 0x1f8f57e3, 0x55ab2a66, 0xeb2807b2, 0xb5c2032f, 0xc57b9a86, 0x3708a5d3, 0x2887f230, 0xbfa5b223, 0x036aba02, 0x16825ced, 0xcf1c2b8a, 0x79b492a7, 0x07f2f0f3, 0x69e2a14e, 0xdaf4cd65, 0x05bed506, 0x34621fd1, 0xa6fe8ac4, 0x2e539d34, 0xf355a0a2, 0x8ae13205, 0xf6eb75a4, 0x83ec390b, 0x60efaa40, 0x719f065e, 0x6e1051bd, 0x218af93e, 0xdd063d96, 0x3e05aedd, 0xe6bd464d, 0x548db591, 0xc45d0571, 0x06d46f04, 0x5015ff60, 0x98fb2419, 0xbde997d6, 0x4043cc89, 0xd99e7767, 0xe842bdb0, 0x898b8807, 0x195b38e7, 0xc8eedb79, 0x7c0a47a1, 0x420fe97c, 0x841ec9f8, 0x00000000, 0x80868309, 0x2bed4832, 0x1170ac1e, 0x5a724e6c, 0x0efffbfd, 0x8538560f, 0xaed51e3d, 0x2d392736, 0x0fd9640a, 0x5ca62168, 0x5b54d19b, 0x362e3a24, 0x0a67b10c, 0x57e70f93, 0xee96d2b4, 0x9b919e1b, 0xc0c54f80, 0xdc20a261, 0x774b695a, 0x121a161c, 0x93ba0ae2, 0xa02ae5c0, 0x22e0433c, 0x1b171d12, 0x090d0b0e, 0x8bc7adf2, 0xb6a8b92d, 0x1ea9c814, 0xf1198557, 0x75074caf, 0x99ddbbee, 0x7f60fda3, 0x01269ff7, 0x72f5bc5c, 0x663bc544, 0xfb7e345b, 0x4329768b, 0x23c6dccb, 0xedfc68b6, 0xe4f163b8, 0x31dccad7, 0x63851042, 0x97224013, 0xc6112084, 0x4a247d85, 0xbb3df8d2, 0xf93211ae, 0x29a16dc7, 0x9e2f4b1d, 0xb230f3dc, 0x8652ec0d, 0xc1e3d077, 0xb3166c2b, 0x70b999a9, 0x9448fa11, 0xe9642247, 0xfc8cc4a8, 0xf03f1aa0, 0x7d2cd856, 0x3390ef22, 0x494ec787, 0x38d1c1d9, 0xcaa2fe8c, 0xd40b3698, 0xf581cfa6, 0x7ade28a5, 0xb78e26da, 0xadbfa43f, 0x3a9de42c, 0x78920d50, 0x5fcc9b6a, 0x7e466254, 0x8d13c2f6, 0xd8b8e890, 0x39f75e2e, 0xc3aff582, 0x5d80be9f, 0xd0937c69, 0xd52da96f, 0x2512b3cf, 0xac993bc8, 0x187da710, 0x9c636ee8, 0x3bbb7bdb, 0x267809cd, 0x5918f46e, 0x9ab701ec, 0x4f9aa883, 0x956e65e6, 0xffe67eaa, 0xbccf0821, 0x15e8e6ef, 0xe79bd9ba, 0x6f36ce4a, 0x9f09d4ea, 0xb07cd629, 0xa4b2af31, 0x3f23312a, 0xa59430c6, 0xa266c035, 0x4ebc3774, 0x82caa6fc, 0x90d0b0e0, 0xa7d81533, 0x04984af1, 0xecdaf741, 0xcd500e7f, 0x91f62f17, 0x4dd68d76, 0xefb04d43, 0xaa4d54cc, 0x9604dfe4, 0xd1b5e39e, 0x6a881b4c, 0x2c1fb8c1, 0x65517f46, 0x5eea049d, 0x8c355d01, 0x877473fa, 0x0b412efb, 0x671d5ab3, 0xdbd25292, 0x105633e9, 0xd647136d, 0xd7618c9a, 0xa10c7a37, 0xf8148e59, 0x133c89eb, 0xa927eece, 0x61c935b7, 0x1ce5ede1, 0x47b13c7a, 0xd2df599c, 0xf2733f55, 0x14ce7918, 0xc737bf73, 0xf7cdea53, 0xfdaa5b5f, 0x3d6f14df, 0x44db8678, 0xaff381ca, 0x68c43eb9, 0x24342c38, 0xa3405fc2, 0x1dc37216, 0xe2250cbc, 0x3c498b28, 0x0d9541ff, 0xa8017139, 0x0cb3de08, 0xb4e49cd8, 0x56c19064, 0xcb84617b, 0x32b670d5, 0x6c5c7448, 0xb85742d0];
+       function utilArrayUniq(a) {
+         return Array.from(new Set(a));
+       } // Splits array into chunks of given chunk size
+       // var a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7];
+       // utilArrayChunk(a, 3);
+       //   [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7]];
 
-           // Transformations for decryption key expansion
-           var U1 = [0x00000000, 0x0e090d0b, 0x1c121a16, 0x121b171d, 0x3824342c, 0x362d3927, 0x24362e3a, 0x2a3f2331, 0x70486858, 0x7e416553, 0x6c5a724e, 0x62537f45, 0x486c5c74, 0x4665517f, 0x547e4662, 0x5a774b69, 0xe090d0b0, 0xee99ddbb, 0xfc82caa6, 0xf28bc7ad, 0xd8b4e49c, 0xd6bde997, 0xc4a6fe8a, 0xcaaff381, 0x90d8b8e8, 0x9ed1b5e3, 0x8ccaa2fe, 0x82c3aff5, 0xa8fc8cc4, 0xa6f581cf, 0xb4ee96d2, 0xbae79bd9, 0xdb3bbb7b, 0xd532b670, 0xc729a16d, 0xc920ac66, 0xe31f8f57, 0xed16825c, 0xff0d9541, 0xf104984a, 0xab73d323, 0xa57ade28, 0xb761c935, 0xb968c43e, 0x9357e70f, 0x9d5eea04, 0x8f45fd19, 0x814cf012, 0x3bab6bcb, 0x35a266c0, 0x27b971dd, 0x29b07cd6, 0x038f5fe7, 0x0d8652ec, 0x1f9d45f1, 0x119448fa, 0x4be30393, 0x45ea0e98, 0x57f11985, 0x59f8148e, 0x73c737bf, 0x7dce3ab4, 0x6fd52da9, 0x61dc20a2, 0xad766df6, 0xa37f60fd, 0xb16477e0, 0xbf6d7aeb, 0x955259da, 0x9b5b54d1, 0x894043cc, 0x87494ec7, 0xdd3e05ae, 0xd33708a5, 0xc12c1fb8, 0xcf2512b3, 0xe51a3182, 0xeb133c89, 0xf9082b94, 0xf701269f, 0x4de6bd46, 0x43efb04d, 0x51f4a750, 0x5ffdaa5b, 0x75c2896a, 0x7bcb8461, 0x69d0937c, 0x67d99e77, 0x3daed51e, 0x33a7d815, 0x21bccf08, 0x2fb5c203, 0x058ae132, 0x0b83ec39, 0x1998fb24, 0x1791f62f, 0x764dd68d, 0x7844db86, 0x6a5fcc9b, 0x6456c190, 0x4e69e2a1, 0x4060efaa, 0x527bf8b7, 0x5c72f5bc, 0x0605bed5, 0x080cb3de, 0x1a17a4c3, 0x141ea9c8, 0x3e218af9, 0x302887f2, 0x223390ef, 0x2c3a9de4, 0x96dd063d, 0x98d40b36, 0x8acf1c2b, 0x84c61120, 0xaef93211, 0xa0f03f1a, 0xb2eb2807, 0xbce2250c, 0xe6956e65, 0xe89c636e, 0xfa877473, 0xf48e7978, 0xdeb15a49, 0xd0b85742, 0xc2a3405f, 0xccaa4d54, 0x41ecdaf7, 0x4fe5d7fc, 0x5dfec0e1, 0x53f7cdea, 0x79c8eedb, 0x77c1e3d0, 0x65daf4cd, 0x6bd3f9c6, 0x31a4b2af, 0x3fadbfa4, 0x2db6a8b9, 0x23bfa5b2, 0x09808683, 0x07898b88, 0x15929c95, 0x1b9b919e, 0xa17c0a47, 0xaf75074c, 0xbd6e1051, 0xb3671d5a, 0x99583e6b, 0x97513360, 0x854a247d, 0x8b432976, 0xd134621f, 0xdf3d6f14, 0xcd267809, 0xc32f7502, 0xe9105633, 0xe7195b38, 0xf5024c25, 0xfb0b412e, 0x9ad7618c, 0x94de6c87, 0x86c57b9a, 0x88cc7691, 0xa2f355a0, 0xacfa58ab, 0xbee14fb6, 0xb0e842bd, 0xea9f09d4, 0xe49604df, 0xf68d13c2, 0xf8841ec9, 0xd2bb3df8, 0xdcb230f3, 0xcea927ee, 0xc0a02ae5, 0x7a47b13c, 0x744ebc37, 0x6655ab2a, 0x685ca621, 0x42638510, 0x4c6a881b, 0x5e719f06, 0x5078920d, 0x0a0fd964, 0x0406d46f, 0x161dc372, 0x1814ce79, 0x322bed48, 0x3c22e043, 0x2e39f75e, 0x2030fa55, 0xec9ab701, 0xe293ba0a, 0xf088ad17, 0xfe81a01c, 0xd4be832d, 0xdab78e26, 0xc8ac993b, 0xc6a59430, 0x9cd2df59, 0x92dbd252, 0x80c0c54f, 0x8ec9c844, 0xa4f6eb75, 0xaaffe67e, 0xb8e4f163, 0xb6edfc68, 0x0c0a67b1, 0x02036aba, 0x10187da7, 0x1e1170ac, 0x342e539d, 0x3a275e96, 0x283c498b, 0x26354480, 0x7c420fe9, 0x724b02e2, 0x605015ff, 0x6e5918f4, 0x44663bc5, 0x4a6f36ce, 0x587421d3, 0x567d2cd8, 0x37a10c7a, 0x39a80171, 0x2bb3166c, 0x25ba1b67, 0x0f853856, 0x018c355d, 0x13972240, 0x1d9e2f4b, 0x47e96422, 0x49e06929, 0x5bfb7e34, 0x55f2733f, 0x7fcd500e, 0x71c45d05, 0x63df4a18, 0x6dd64713, 0xd731dcca, 0xd938d1c1, 0xcb23c6dc, 0xc52acbd7, 0xef15e8e6, 0xe11ce5ed, 0xf307f2f0, 0xfd0efffb, 0xa779b492, 0xa970b999, 0xbb6bae84, 0xb562a38f, 0x9f5d80be, 0x91548db5, 0x834f9aa8, 0x8d4697a3];
-           var U2 = [0x00000000, 0x0b0e090d, 0x161c121a, 0x1d121b17, 0x2c382434, 0x27362d39, 0x3a24362e, 0x312a3f23, 0x58704868, 0x537e4165, 0x4e6c5a72, 0x4562537f, 0x74486c5c, 0x7f466551, 0x62547e46, 0x695a774b, 0xb0e090d0, 0xbbee99dd, 0xa6fc82ca, 0xadf28bc7, 0x9cd8b4e4, 0x97d6bde9, 0x8ac4a6fe, 0x81caaff3, 0xe890d8b8, 0xe39ed1b5, 0xfe8ccaa2, 0xf582c3af, 0xc4a8fc8c, 0xcfa6f581, 0xd2b4ee96, 0xd9bae79b, 0x7bdb3bbb, 0x70d532b6, 0x6dc729a1, 0x66c920ac, 0x57e31f8f, 0x5ced1682, 0x41ff0d95, 0x4af10498, 0x23ab73d3, 0x28a57ade, 0x35b761c9, 0x3eb968c4, 0x0f9357e7, 0x049d5eea, 0x198f45fd, 0x12814cf0, 0xcb3bab6b, 0xc035a266, 0xdd27b971, 0xd629b07c, 0xe7038f5f, 0xec0d8652, 0xf11f9d45, 0xfa119448, 0x934be303, 0x9845ea0e, 0x8557f119, 0x8e59f814, 0xbf73c737, 0xb47dce3a, 0xa96fd52d, 0xa261dc20, 0xf6ad766d, 0xfda37f60, 0xe0b16477, 0xebbf6d7a, 0xda955259, 0xd19b5b54, 0xcc894043, 0xc787494e, 0xaedd3e05, 0xa5d33708, 0xb8c12c1f, 0xb3cf2512, 0x82e51a31, 0x89eb133c, 0x94f9082b, 0x9ff70126, 0x464de6bd, 0x4d43efb0, 0x5051f4a7, 0x5b5ffdaa, 0x6a75c289, 0x617bcb84, 0x7c69d093, 0x7767d99e, 0x1e3daed5, 0x1533a7d8, 0x0821bccf, 0x032fb5c2, 0x32058ae1, 0x390b83ec, 0x241998fb, 0x2f1791f6, 0x8d764dd6, 0x867844db, 0x9b6a5fcc, 0x906456c1, 0xa14e69e2, 0xaa4060ef, 0xb7527bf8, 0xbc5c72f5, 0xd50605be, 0xde080cb3, 0xc31a17a4, 0xc8141ea9, 0xf93e218a, 0xf2302887, 0xef223390, 0xe42c3a9d, 0x3d96dd06, 0x3698d40b, 0x2b8acf1c, 0x2084c611, 0x11aef932, 0x1aa0f03f, 0x07b2eb28, 0x0cbce225, 0x65e6956e, 0x6ee89c63, 0x73fa8774, 0x78f48e79, 0x49deb15a, 0x42d0b857, 0x5fc2a340, 0x54ccaa4d, 0xf741ecda, 0xfc4fe5d7, 0xe15dfec0, 0xea53f7cd, 0xdb79c8ee, 0xd077c1e3, 0xcd65daf4, 0xc66bd3f9, 0xaf31a4b2, 0xa43fadbf, 0xb92db6a8, 0xb223bfa5, 0x83098086, 0x8807898b, 0x9515929c, 0x9e1b9b91, 0x47a17c0a, 0x4caf7507, 0x51bd6e10, 0x5ab3671d, 0x6b99583e, 0x60975133, 0x7d854a24, 0x768b4329, 0x1fd13462, 0x14df3d6f, 0x09cd2678, 0x02c32f75, 0x33e91056, 0x38e7195b, 0x25f5024c, 0x2efb0b41, 0x8c9ad761, 0x8794de6c, 0x9a86c57b, 0x9188cc76, 0xa0a2f355, 0xabacfa58, 0xb6bee14f, 0xbdb0e842, 0xd4ea9f09, 0xdfe49604, 0xc2f68d13, 0xc9f8841e, 0xf8d2bb3d, 0xf3dcb230, 0xeecea927, 0xe5c0a02a, 0x3c7a47b1, 0x37744ebc, 0x2a6655ab, 0x21685ca6, 0x10426385, 0x1b4c6a88, 0x065e719f, 0x0d507892, 0x640a0fd9, 0x6f0406d4, 0x72161dc3, 0x791814ce, 0x48322bed, 0x433c22e0, 0x5e2e39f7, 0x552030fa, 0x01ec9ab7, 0x0ae293ba, 0x17f088ad, 0x1cfe81a0, 0x2dd4be83, 0x26dab78e, 0x3bc8ac99, 0x30c6a594, 0x599cd2df, 0x5292dbd2, 0x4f80c0c5, 0x448ec9c8, 0x75a4f6eb, 0x7eaaffe6, 0x63b8e4f1, 0x68b6edfc, 0xb10c0a67, 0xba02036a, 0xa710187d, 0xac1e1170, 0x9d342e53, 0x963a275e, 0x8b283c49, 0x80263544, 0xe97c420f, 0xe2724b02, 0xff605015, 0xf46e5918, 0xc544663b, 0xce4a6f36, 0xd3587421, 0xd8567d2c, 0x7a37a10c, 0x7139a801, 0x6c2bb316, 0x6725ba1b, 0x560f8538, 0x5d018c35, 0x40139722, 0x4b1d9e2f, 0x2247e964, 0x2949e069, 0x345bfb7e, 0x3f55f273, 0x0e7fcd50, 0x0571c45d, 0x1863df4a, 0x136dd647, 0xcad731dc, 0xc1d938d1, 0xdccb23c6, 0xd7c52acb, 0xe6ef15e8, 0xede11ce5, 0xf0f307f2, 0xfbfd0eff, 0x92a779b4, 0x99a970b9, 0x84bb6bae, 0x8fb562a3, 0xbe9f5d80, 0xb591548d, 0xa8834f9a, 0xa38d4697];
-           var U3 = [0x00000000, 0x0d0b0e09, 0x1a161c12, 0x171d121b, 0x342c3824, 0x3927362d, 0x2e3a2436, 0x23312a3f, 0x68587048, 0x65537e41, 0x724e6c5a, 0x7f456253, 0x5c74486c, 0x517f4665, 0x4662547e, 0x4b695a77, 0xd0b0e090, 0xddbbee99, 0xcaa6fc82, 0xc7adf28b, 0xe49cd8b4, 0xe997d6bd, 0xfe8ac4a6, 0xf381caaf, 0xb8e890d8, 0xb5e39ed1, 0xa2fe8cca, 0xaff582c3, 0x8cc4a8fc, 0x81cfa6f5, 0x96d2b4ee, 0x9bd9bae7, 0xbb7bdb3b, 0xb670d532, 0xa16dc729, 0xac66c920, 0x8f57e31f, 0x825ced16, 0x9541ff0d, 0x984af104, 0xd323ab73, 0xde28a57a, 0xc935b761, 0xc43eb968, 0xe70f9357, 0xea049d5e, 0xfd198f45, 0xf012814c, 0x6bcb3bab, 0x66c035a2, 0x71dd27b9, 0x7cd629b0, 0x5fe7038f, 0x52ec0d86, 0x45f11f9d, 0x48fa1194, 0x03934be3, 0x0e9845ea, 0x198557f1, 0x148e59f8, 0x37bf73c7, 0x3ab47dce, 0x2da96fd5, 0x20a261dc, 0x6df6ad76, 0x60fda37f, 0x77e0b164, 0x7aebbf6d, 0x59da9552, 0x54d19b5b, 0x43cc8940, 0x4ec78749, 0x05aedd3e, 0x08a5d337, 0x1fb8c12c, 0x12b3cf25, 0x3182e51a, 0x3c89eb13, 0x2b94f908, 0x269ff701, 0xbd464de6, 0xb04d43ef, 0xa75051f4, 0xaa5b5ffd, 0x896a75c2, 0x84617bcb, 0x937c69d0, 0x9e7767d9, 0xd51e3dae, 0xd81533a7, 0xcf0821bc, 0xc2032fb5, 0xe132058a, 0xec390b83, 0xfb241998, 0xf62f1791, 0xd68d764d, 0xdb867844, 0xcc9b6a5f, 0xc1906456, 0xe2a14e69, 0xefaa4060, 0xf8b7527b, 0xf5bc5c72, 0xbed50605, 0xb3de080c, 0xa4c31a17, 0xa9c8141e, 0x8af93e21, 0x87f23028, 0x90ef2233, 0x9de42c3a, 0x063d96dd, 0x0b3698d4, 0x1c2b8acf, 0x112084c6, 0x3211aef9, 0x3f1aa0f0, 0x2807b2eb, 0x250cbce2, 0x6e65e695, 0x636ee89c, 0x7473fa87, 0x7978f48e, 0x5a49deb1, 0x5742d0b8, 0x405fc2a3, 0x4d54ccaa, 0xdaf741ec, 0xd7fc4fe5, 0xc0e15dfe, 0xcdea53f7, 0xeedb79c8, 0xe3d077c1, 0xf4cd65da, 0xf9c66bd3, 0xb2af31a4, 0xbfa43fad, 0xa8b92db6, 0xa5b223bf, 0x86830980, 0x8b880789, 0x9c951592, 0x919e1b9b, 0x0a47a17c, 0x074caf75, 0x1051bd6e, 0x1d5ab367, 0x3e6b9958, 0x33609751, 0x247d854a, 0x29768b43, 0x621fd134, 0x6f14df3d, 0x7809cd26, 0x7502c32f, 0x5633e910, 0x5b38e719, 0x4c25f502, 0x412efb0b, 0x618c9ad7, 0x6c8794de, 0x7b9a86c5, 0x769188cc, 0x55a0a2f3, 0x58abacfa, 0x4fb6bee1, 0x42bdb0e8, 0x09d4ea9f, 0x04dfe496, 0x13c2f68d, 0x1ec9f884, 0x3df8d2bb, 0x30f3dcb2, 0x27eecea9, 0x2ae5c0a0, 0xb13c7a47, 0xbc37744e, 0xab2a6655, 0xa621685c, 0x85104263, 0x881b4c6a, 0x9f065e71, 0x920d5078, 0xd9640a0f, 0xd46f0406, 0xc372161d, 0xce791814, 0xed48322b, 0xe0433c22, 0xf75e2e39, 0xfa552030, 0xb701ec9a, 0xba0ae293, 0xad17f088, 0xa01cfe81, 0x832dd4be, 0x8e26dab7, 0x993bc8ac, 0x9430c6a5, 0xdf599cd2, 0xd25292db, 0xc54f80c0, 0xc8448ec9, 0xeb75a4f6, 0xe67eaaff, 0xf163b8e4, 0xfc68b6ed, 0x67b10c0a, 0x6aba0203, 0x7da71018, 0x70ac1e11, 0x539d342e, 0x5e963a27, 0x498b283c, 0x44802635, 0x0fe97c42, 0x02e2724b, 0x15ff6050, 0x18f46e59, 0x3bc54466, 0x36ce4a6f, 0x21d35874, 0x2cd8567d, 0x0c7a37a1, 0x017139a8, 0x166c2bb3, 0x1b6725ba, 0x38560f85, 0x355d018c, 0x22401397, 0x2f4b1d9e, 0x642247e9, 0x692949e0, 0x7e345bfb, 0x733f55f2, 0x500e7fcd, 0x5d0571c4, 0x4a1863df, 0x47136dd6, 0xdccad731, 0xd1c1d938, 0xc6dccb23, 0xcbd7c52a, 0xe8e6ef15, 0xe5ede11c, 0xf2f0f307, 0xfffbfd0e, 0xb492a779, 0xb999a970, 0xae84bb6b, 0xa38fb562, 0x80be9f5d, 0x8db59154, 0x9aa8834f, 0x97a38d46];
-           var U4 = [0x00000000, 0x090d0b0e, 0x121a161c, 0x1b171d12, 0x24342c38, 0x2d392736, 0x362e3a24, 0x3f23312a, 0x48685870, 0x4165537e, 0x5a724e6c, 0x537f4562, 0x6c5c7448, 0x65517f46, 0x7e466254, 0x774b695a, 0x90d0b0e0, 0x99ddbbee, 0x82caa6fc, 0x8bc7adf2, 0xb4e49cd8, 0xbde997d6, 0xa6fe8ac4, 0xaff381ca, 0xd8b8e890, 0xd1b5e39e, 0xcaa2fe8c, 0xc3aff582, 0xfc8cc4a8, 0xf581cfa6, 0xee96d2b4, 0xe79bd9ba, 0x3bbb7bdb, 0x32b670d5, 0x29a16dc7, 0x20ac66c9, 0x1f8f57e3, 0x16825ced, 0x0d9541ff, 0x04984af1, 0x73d323ab, 0x7ade28a5, 0x61c935b7, 0x68c43eb9, 0x57e70f93, 0x5eea049d, 0x45fd198f, 0x4cf01281, 0xab6bcb3b, 0xa266c035, 0xb971dd27, 0xb07cd629, 0x8f5fe703, 0x8652ec0d, 0x9d45f11f, 0x9448fa11, 0xe303934b, 0xea0e9845, 0xf1198557, 0xf8148e59, 0xc737bf73, 0xce3ab47d, 0xd52da96f, 0xdc20a261, 0x766df6ad, 0x7f60fda3, 0x6477e0b1, 0x6d7aebbf, 0x5259da95, 0x5b54d19b, 0x4043cc89, 0x494ec787, 0x3e05aedd, 0x3708a5d3, 0x2c1fb8c1, 0x2512b3cf, 0x1a3182e5, 0x133c89eb, 0x082b94f9, 0x01269ff7, 0xe6bd464d, 0xefb04d43, 0xf4a75051, 0xfdaa5b5f, 0xc2896a75, 0xcb84617b, 0xd0937c69, 0xd99e7767, 0xaed51e3d, 0xa7d81533, 0xbccf0821, 0xb5c2032f, 0x8ae13205, 0x83ec390b, 0x98fb2419, 0x91f62f17, 0x4dd68d76, 0x44db8678, 0x5fcc9b6a, 0x56c19064, 0x69e2a14e, 0x60efaa40, 0x7bf8b752, 0x72f5bc5c, 0x05bed506, 0x0cb3de08, 0x17a4c31a, 0x1ea9c814, 0x218af93e, 0x2887f230, 0x3390ef22, 0x3a9de42c, 0xdd063d96, 0xd40b3698, 0xcf1c2b8a, 0xc6112084, 0xf93211ae, 0xf03f1aa0, 0xeb2807b2, 0xe2250cbc, 0x956e65e6, 0x9c636ee8, 0x877473fa, 0x8e7978f4, 0xb15a49de, 0xb85742d0, 0xa3405fc2, 0xaa4d54cc, 0xecdaf741, 0xe5d7fc4f, 0xfec0e15d, 0xf7cdea53, 0xc8eedb79, 0xc1e3d077, 0xdaf4cd65, 0xd3f9c66b, 0xa4b2af31, 0xadbfa43f, 0xb6a8b92d, 0xbfa5b223, 0x80868309, 0x898b8807, 0x929c9515, 0x9b919e1b, 0x7c0a47a1, 0x75074caf, 0x6e1051bd, 0x671d5ab3, 0x583e6b99, 0x51336097, 0x4a247d85, 0x4329768b, 0x34621fd1, 0x3d6f14df, 0x267809cd, 0x2f7502c3, 0x105633e9, 0x195b38e7, 0x024c25f5, 0x0b412efb, 0xd7618c9a, 0xde6c8794, 0xc57b9a86, 0xcc769188, 0xf355a0a2, 0xfa58abac, 0xe14fb6be, 0xe842bdb0, 0x9f09d4ea, 0x9604dfe4, 0x8d13c2f6, 0x841ec9f8, 0xbb3df8d2, 0xb230f3dc, 0xa927eece, 0xa02ae5c0, 0x47b13c7a, 0x4ebc3774, 0x55ab2a66, 0x5ca62168, 0x63851042, 0x6a881b4c, 0x719f065e, 0x78920d50, 0x0fd9640a, 0x06d46f04, 0x1dc37216, 0x14ce7918, 0x2bed4832, 0x22e0433c, 0x39f75e2e, 0x30fa5520, 0x9ab701ec, 0x93ba0ae2, 0x88ad17f0, 0x81a01cfe, 0xbe832dd4, 0xb78e26da, 0xac993bc8, 0xa59430c6, 0xd2df599c, 0xdbd25292, 0xc0c54f80, 0xc9c8448e, 0xf6eb75a4, 0xffe67eaa, 0xe4f163b8, 0xedfc68b6, 0x0a67b10c, 0x036aba02, 0x187da710, 0x1170ac1e, 0x2e539d34, 0x275e963a, 0x3c498b28, 0x35448026, 0x420fe97c, 0x4b02e272, 0x5015ff60, 0x5918f46e, 0x663bc544, 0x6f36ce4a, 0x7421d358, 0x7d2cd856, 0xa10c7a37, 0xa8017139, 0xb3166c2b, 0xba1b6725, 0x8538560f, 0x8c355d01, 0x97224013, 0x9e2f4b1d, 0xe9642247, 0xe0692949, 0xfb7e345b, 0xf2733f55, 0xcd500e7f, 0xc45d0571, 0xdf4a1863, 0xd647136d, 0x31dccad7, 0x38d1c1d9, 0x23c6dccb, 0x2acbd7c5, 0x15e8e6ef, 0x1ce5ede1, 0x07f2f0f3, 0x0efffbfd, 0x79b492a7, 0x70b999a9, 0x6bae84bb, 0x62a38fb5, 0x5d80be9f, 0x548db591, 0x4f9aa883, 0x4697a38d];
+       function utilArrayChunk(a, chunkSize) {
+         if (!chunkSize || chunkSize < 0) return [a.slice()];
+         var result = new Array(Math.ceil(a.length / chunkSize));
+         return Array.from(result, function (item, i) {
+           return a.slice(i * chunkSize, i * chunkSize + chunkSize);
+         });
+       } // Flattens two level array into a single level
+       // var a = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7]];
+       // utilArrayFlatten(a);
+       //   [1,2,3,4,5,6,7];
 
-           function convertToInt32(bytes) {
-               var result = [];
-               for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 4) {
-                   result.push(
-                       (bytes[i    ] << 24) |
-                       (bytes[i + 1] << 16) |
-                       (bytes[i + 2] <<  8) |
-                        bytes[i + 3]
-                   );
-               }
-               return result;
-           }
+       function utilArrayFlatten(a) {
+         return a.reduce(function (acc, val) {
+           return acc.concat(val);
+         }, []);
+       } // Groups the items of the Array according to the given key
+       // `key` can be passed as a property or as a key function
+       //
+       // var pets = [
+       //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot' },
+       //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger' },
+       //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Rover' },
+       //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Leo' }
+       // ];
+       //
+       // utilArrayGroupBy(pets, 'type')
+       //   {
+       //     'Dog': [{type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot'}, {type: 'Dog', name: 'Rover'}],
+       //     'Cat': [{type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger'}, {type: 'Cat', name: 'Leo'}]
+       //   }
+       //
+       // utilArrayGroupBy(pets, function(item) { return item.name.length; })
+       //   {
+       //     3: [{type: 'Cat', name: 'Leo'}],
+       //     4: [{type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot'}],
+       //     5: [{type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger'}, {type: 'Dog', name: 'Rover'}]
+       //   }
 
-           var AES = function(key) {
-               if (!(this instanceof AES)) {
-                   throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
-               }
+       function utilArrayGroupBy(a, key) {
+         return a.reduce(function (acc, item) {
+           var group = typeof key === 'function' ? key(item) : item[key];
+           (acc[group] = acc[group] || []).push(item);
+           return acc;
+         }, {});
+       } // Returns an Array with all the duplicates removed
+       // where uniqueness determined by the given key
+       // `key` can be passed as a property or as a key function
+       //
+       // var pets = [
+       //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot' },
+       //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger' },
+       //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Rover' },
+       //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Leo' }
+       // ];
+       //
+       // utilArrayUniqBy(pets, 'type')
+       //   [
+       //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot' },
+       //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger' }
+       //   ]
+       //
+       // utilArrayUniqBy(pets, function(item) { return item.name.length; })
+       //   [
+       //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot' },
+       //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger' },
+       //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Leo' }
+       //   }
 
-               Object.defineProperty(this, 'key', {
-                   value: coerceArray(key, true)
-               });
+       function utilArrayUniqBy(a, key) {
+         var seen = new Set();
+         return a.reduce(function (acc, item) {
+           var val = typeof key === 'function' ? key(item) : item[key];
+
+           if (val && !seen.has(val)) {
+             seen.add(val);
+             acc.push(item);
+           }
+
+           return acc;
+         }, []);
+       }
+
+       var uncurryThis$d = functionUncurryThis;
+
+       // `thisNumberValue` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-thisnumbervalue
+       var thisNumberValue$3 = uncurryThis$d(1.0.valueOf);
+
+       var DESCRIPTORS$3 = descriptors;
+       var global$a = global$1o;
+       var uncurryThis$c = functionUncurryThis;
+       var isForced = isForced_1;
+       var redefine$2 = redefine$h.exports;
+       var hasOwn$1 = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var inheritIfRequired = inheritIfRequired$4;
+       var isPrototypeOf = objectIsPrototypeOf;
+       var isSymbol$1 = isSymbol$6;
+       var toPrimitive$1 = toPrimitive$3;
+       var fails$8 = fails$V;
+       var getOwnPropertyNames = objectGetOwnPropertyNames.f;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor$2 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
+       var defineProperty = objectDefineProperty.f;
+       var thisNumberValue$2 = thisNumberValue$3;
+       var trim$2 = stringTrim.trim;
+
+       var NUMBER = 'Number';
+       var NativeNumber = global$a[NUMBER];
+       var NumberPrototype = NativeNumber.prototype;
+       var TypeError$4 = global$a.TypeError;
+       var arraySlice$1 = uncurryThis$c(''.slice);
+       var charCodeAt$1 = uncurryThis$c(''.charCodeAt);
+
+       // `ToNumeric` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-tonumeric
+       var toNumeric = function (value) {
+         var primValue = toPrimitive$1(value, 'number');
+         return typeof primValue == 'bigint' ? primValue : toNumber$1(primValue);
+       };
+
+       // `ToNumber` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-tonumber
+       var toNumber$1 = function (argument) {
+         var it = toPrimitive$1(argument, 'number');
+         var first, third, radix, maxCode, digits, length, index, code;
+         if (isSymbol$1(it)) throw TypeError$4('Cannot convert a Symbol value to a number');
+         if (typeof it == 'string' && it.length > 2) {
+           it = trim$2(it);
+           first = charCodeAt$1(it, 0);
+           if (first === 43 || first === 45) {
+             third = charCodeAt$1(it, 2);
+             if (third === 88 || third === 120) return NaN; // Number('+0x1') should be NaN, old V8 fix
+           } else if (first === 48) {
+             switch (charCodeAt$1(it, 1)) {
+               case 66: case 98: radix = 2; maxCode = 49; break; // fast equal of /^0b[01]+$/i
+               case 79: case 111: radix = 8; maxCode = 55; break; // fast equal of /^0o[0-7]+$/i
+               default: return +it;
+             }
+             digits = arraySlice$1(it, 2);
+             length = digits.length;
+             for (index = 0; index < length; index++) {
+               code = charCodeAt$1(digits, index);
+               // parseInt parses a string to a first unavailable symbol
+               // but ToNumber should return NaN if a string contains unavailable symbols
+               if (code < 48 || code > maxCode) return NaN;
+             } return parseInt(digits, radix);
+           }
+         } return +it;
+       };
+
+       // `Number` constructor
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-number-constructor
+       if (isForced(NUMBER, !NativeNumber(' 0o1') || !NativeNumber('0b1') || NativeNumber('+0x1'))) {
+         var NumberWrapper = function Number(value) {
+           var n = arguments.length < 1 ? 0 : NativeNumber(toNumeric(value));
+           var dummy = this;
+           // check on 1..constructor(foo) case
+           return isPrototypeOf(NumberPrototype, dummy) && fails$8(function () { thisNumberValue$2(dummy); })
+             ? inheritIfRequired(Object(n), dummy, NumberWrapper) : n;
+         };
+         for (var keys = DESCRIPTORS$3 ? getOwnPropertyNames(NativeNumber) : (
+           // ES3:
+           'MAX_VALUE,MIN_VALUE,NaN,NEGATIVE_INFINITY,POSITIVE_INFINITY,' +
+           // ES2015 (in case, if modules with ES2015 Number statics required before):
+           'EPSILON,MAX_SAFE_INTEGER,MIN_SAFE_INTEGER,isFinite,isInteger,isNaN,isSafeInteger,parseFloat,parseInt,' +
+           // ESNext
+           'fromString,range'
+         ).split(','), j$1 = 0, key; keys.length > j$1; j$1++) {
+           if (hasOwn$1(NativeNumber, key = keys[j$1]) && !hasOwn$1(NumberWrapper, key)) {
+             defineProperty(NumberWrapper, key, getOwnPropertyDescriptor$2(NativeNumber, key));
+           }
+         }
+         NumberWrapper.prototype = NumberPrototype;
+         NumberPrototype.constructor = NumberWrapper;
+         redefine$2(global$a, NUMBER, NumberWrapper);
+       }
+
+       var diacritics = {};
+
+       var remove$6 = diacritics.remove = removeDiacritics;
+       var replacementList = [{
+         base: ' ',
+         chars: "\xA0"
+       }, {
+         base: '0',
+         chars: "\u07C0"
+       }, {
+         base: 'A',
+         chars: "\u24B6\uFF21\xC0\xC1\xC2\u1EA6\u1EA4\u1EAA\u1EA8\xC3\u0100\u0102\u1EB0\u1EAE\u1EB4\u1EB2\u0226\u01E0\xC4\u01DE\u1EA2\xC5\u01FA\u01CD\u0200\u0202\u1EA0\u1EAC\u1EB6\u1E00\u0104\u023A\u2C6F"
+       }, {
+         base: 'AA',
+         chars: "\uA732"
+       }, {
+         base: 'AE',
+         chars: "\xC6\u01FC\u01E2"
+       }, {
+         base: 'AO',
+         chars: "\uA734"
+       }, {
+         base: 'AU',
+         chars: "\uA736"
+       }, {
+         base: 'AV',
+         chars: "\uA738\uA73A"
+       }, {
+         base: 'AY',
+         chars: "\uA73C"
+       }, {
+         base: 'B',
+         chars: "\u24B7\uFF22\u1E02\u1E04\u1E06\u0243\u0181"
+       }, {
+         base: 'C',
+         chars: "\u24B8\uFF23\uA73E\u1E08\u0106C\u0108\u010A\u010C\xC7\u0187\u023B"
+       }, {
+         base: 'D',
+         chars: "\u24B9\uFF24\u1E0A\u010E\u1E0C\u1E10\u1E12\u1E0E\u0110\u018A\u0189\u1D05\uA779"
+       }, {
+         base: 'Dh',
+         chars: "\xD0"
+       }, {
+         base: 'DZ',
+         chars: "\u01F1\u01C4"
+       }, {
+         base: 'Dz',
+         chars: "\u01F2\u01C5"
+       }, {
+         base: 'E',
+         chars: "\u025B\u24BA\uFF25\xC8\xC9\xCA\u1EC0\u1EBE\u1EC4\u1EC2\u1EBC\u0112\u1E14\u1E16\u0114\u0116\xCB\u1EBA\u011A\u0204\u0206\u1EB8\u1EC6\u0228\u1E1C\u0118\u1E18\u1E1A\u0190\u018E\u1D07"
+       }, {
+         base: 'F',
+         chars: "\uA77C\u24BB\uFF26\u1E1E\u0191\uA77B"
+       }, {
+         base: 'G',
+         chars: "\u24BC\uFF27\u01F4\u011C\u1E20\u011E\u0120\u01E6\u0122\u01E4\u0193\uA7A0\uA77D\uA77E\u0262"
+       }, {
+         base: 'H',
+         chars: "\u24BD\uFF28\u0124\u1E22\u1E26\u021E\u1E24\u1E28\u1E2A\u0126\u2C67\u2C75\uA78D"
+       }, {
+         base: 'I',
+         chars: "\u24BE\uFF29\xCC\xCD\xCE\u0128\u012A\u012C\u0130\xCF\u1E2E\u1EC8\u01CF\u0208\u020A\u1ECA\u012E\u1E2C\u0197"
+       }, {
+         base: 'J',
+         chars: "\u24BF\uFF2A\u0134\u0248\u0237"
+       }, {
+         base: 'K',
+         chars: "\u24C0\uFF2B\u1E30\u01E8\u1E32\u0136\u1E34\u0198\u2C69\uA740\uA742\uA744\uA7A2"
+       }, {
+         base: 'L',
+         chars: "\u24C1\uFF2C\u013F\u0139\u013D\u1E36\u1E38\u013B\u1E3C\u1E3A\u0141\u023D\u2C62\u2C60\uA748\uA746\uA780"
+       }, {
+         base: 'LJ',
+         chars: "\u01C7"
+       }, {
+         base: 'Lj',
+         chars: "\u01C8"
+       }, {
+         base: 'M',
+         chars: "\u24C2\uFF2D\u1E3E\u1E40\u1E42\u2C6E\u019C\u03FB"
+       }, {
+         base: 'N',
+         chars: "\uA7A4\u0220\u24C3\uFF2E\u01F8\u0143\xD1\u1E44\u0147\u1E46\u0145\u1E4A\u1E48\u019D\uA790\u1D0E"
+       }, {
+         base: 'NJ',
+         chars: "\u01CA"
+       }, {
+         base: 'Nj',
+         chars: "\u01CB"
+       }, {
+         base: 'O',
+         chars: "\u24C4\uFF2F\xD2\xD3\xD4\u1ED2\u1ED0\u1ED6\u1ED4\xD5\u1E4C\u022C\u1E4E\u014C\u1E50\u1E52\u014E\u022E\u0230\xD6\u022A\u1ECE\u0150\u01D1\u020C\u020E\u01A0\u1EDC\u1EDA\u1EE0\u1EDE\u1EE2\u1ECC\u1ED8\u01EA\u01EC\xD8\u01FE\u0186\u019F\uA74A\uA74C"
+       }, {
+         base: 'OE',
+         chars: "\u0152"
+       }, {
+         base: 'OI',
+         chars: "\u01A2"
+       }, {
+         base: 'OO',
+         chars: "\uA74E"
+       }, {
+         base: 'OU',
+         chars: "\u0222"
+       }, {
+         base: 'P',
+         chars: "\u24C5\uFF30\u1E54\u1E56\u01A4\u2C63\uA750\uA752\uA754"
+       }, {
+         base: 'Q',
+         chars: "\u24C6\uFF31\uA756\uA758\u024A"
+       }, {
+         base: 'R',
+         chars: "\u24C7\uFF32\u0154\u1E58\u0158\u0210\u0212\u1E5A\u1E5C\u0156\u1E5E\u024C\u2C64\uA75A\uA7A6\uA782"
+       }, {
+         base: 'S',
+         chars: "\u24C8\uFF33\u1E9E\u015A\u1E64\u015C\u1E60\u0160\u1E66\u1E62\u1E68\u0218\u015E\u2C7E\uA7A8\uA784"
+       }, {
+         base: 'T',
+         chars: "\u24C9\uFF34\u1E6A\u0164\u1E6C\u021A\u0162\u1E70\u1E6E\u0166\u01AC\u01AE\u023E\uA786"
+       }, {
+         base: 'Th',
+         chars: "\xDE"
+       }, {
+         base: 'TZ',
+         chars: "\uA728"
+       }, {
+         base: 'U',
+         chars: "\u24CA\uFF35\xD9\xDA\xDB\u0168\u1E78\u016A\u1E7A\u016C\xDC\u01DB\u01D7\u01D5\u01D9\u1EE6\u016E\u0170\u01D3\u0214\u0216\u01AF\u1EEA\u1EE8\u1EEE\u1EEC\u1EF0\u1EE4\u1E72\u0172\u1E76\u1E74\u0244"
+       }, {
+         base: 'V',
+         chars: "\u24CB\uFF36\u1E7C\u1E7E\u01B2\uA75E\u0245"
+       }, {
+         base: 'VY',
+         chars: "\uA760"
+       }, {
+         base: 'W',
+         chars: "\u24CC\uFF37\u1E80\u1E82\u0174\u1E86\u1E84\u1E88\u2C72"
+       }, {
+         base: 'X',
+         chars: "\u24CD\uFF38\u1E8A\u1E8C"
+       }, {
+         base: 'Y',
+         chars: "\u24CE\uFF39\u1EF2\xDD\u0176\u1EF8\u0232\u1E8E\u0178\u1EF6\u1EF4\u01B3\u024E\u1EFE"
+       }, {
+         base: 'Z',
+         chars: "\u24CF\uFF3A\u0179\u1E90\u017B\u017D\u1E92\u1E94\u01B5\u0224\u2C7F\u2C6B\uA762"
+       }, {
+         base: 'a',
+         chars: "\u24D0\uFF41\u1E9A\xE0\xE1\xE2\u1EA7\u1EA5\u1EAB\u1EA9\xE3\u0101\u0103\u1EB1\u1EAF\u1EB5\u1EB3\u0227\u01E1\xE4\u01DF\u1EA3\xE5\u01FB\u01CE\u0201\u0203\u1EA1\u1EAD\u1EB7\u1E01\u0105\u2C65\u0250\u0251"
+       }, {
+         base: 'aa',
+         chars: "\uA733"
+       }, {
+         base: 'ae',
+         chars: "\xE6\u01FD\u01E3"
+       }, {
+         base: 'ao',
+         chars: "\uA735"
+       }, {
+         base: 'au',
+         chars: "\uA737"
+       }, {
+         base: 'av',
+         chars: "\uA739\uA73B"
+       }, {
+         base: 'ay',
+         chars: "\uA73D"
+       }, {
+         base: 'b',
+         chars: "\u24D1\uFF42\u1E03\u1E05\u1E07\u0180\u0183\u0253\u0182"
+       }, {
+         base: 'c',
+         chars: "\uFF43\u24D2\u0107\u0109\u010B\u010D\xE7\u1E09\u0188\u023C\uA73F\u2184"
+       }, {
+         base: 'd',
+         chars: "\u24D3\uFF44\u1E0B\u010F\u1E0D\u1E11\u1E13\u1E0F\u0111\u018C\u0256\u0257\u018B\u13E7\u0501\uA7AA"
+       }, {
+         base: 'dh',
+         chars: "\xF0"
+       }, {
+         base: 'dz',
+         chars: "\u01F3\u01C6"
+       }, {
+         base: 'e',
+         chars: "\u24D4\uFF45\xE8\xE9\xEA\u1EC1\u1EBF\u1EC5\u1EC3\u1EBD\u0113\u1E15\u1E17\u0115\u0117\xEB\u1EBB\u011B\u0205\u0207\u1EB9\u1EC7\u0229\u1E1D\u0119\u1E19\u1E1B\u0247\u01DD"
+       }, {
+         base: 'f',
+         chars: "\u24D5\uFF46\u1E1F\u0192"
+       }, {
+         base: 'ff',
+         chars: "\uFB00"
+       }, {
+         base: 'fi',
+         chars: "\uFB01"
+       }, {
+         base: 'fl',
+         chars: "\uFB02"
+       }, {
+         base: 'ffi',
+         chars: "\uFB03"
+       }, {
+         base: 'ffl',
+         chars: "\uFB04"
+       }, {
+         base: 'g',
+         chars: "\u24D6\uFF47\u01F5\u011D\u1E21\u011F\u0121\u01E7\u0123\u01E5\u0260\uA7A1\uA77F\u1D79"
+       }, {
+         base: 'h',
+         chars: "\u24D7\uFF48\u0125\u1E23\u1E27\u021F\u1E25\u1E29\u1E2B\u1E96\u0127\u2C68\u2C76\u0265"
+       }, {
+         base: 'hv',
+         chars: "\u0195"
+       }, {
+         base: 'i',
+         chars: "\u24D8\uFF49\xEC\xED\xEE\u0129\u012B\u012D\xEF\u1E2F\u1EC9\u01D0\u0209\u020B\u1ECB\u012F\u1E2D\u0268\u0131"
+       }, {
+         base: 'j',
+         chars: "\u24D9\uFF4A\u0135\u01F0\u0249"
+       }, {
+         base: 'k',
+         chars: "\u24DA\uFF4B\u1E31\u01E9\u1E33\u0137\u1E35\u0199\u2C6A\uA741\uA743\uA745\uA7A3"
+       }, {
+         base: 'l',
+         chars: "\u24DB\uFF4C\u0140\u013A\u013E\u1E37\u1E39\u013C\u1E3D\u1E3B\u017F\u0142\u019A\u026B\u2C61\uA749\uA781\uA747\u026D"
+       }, {
+         base: 'lj',
+         chars: "\u01C9"
+       }, {
+         base: 'm',
+         chars: "\u24DC\uFF4D\u1E3F\u1E41\u1E43\u0271\u026F"
+       }, {
+         base: 'n',
+         chars: "\u24DD\uFF4E\u01F9\u0144\xF1\u1E45\u0148\u1E47\u0146\u1E4B\u1E49\u019E\u0272\u0149\uA791\uA7A5\u043B\u0509"
+       }, {
+         base: 'nj',
+         chars: "\u01CC"
+       }, {
+         base: 'o',
+         chars: "\u24DE\uFF4F\xF2\xF3\xF4\u1ED3\u1ED1\u1ED7\u1ED5\xF5\u1E4D\u022D\u1E4F\u014D\u1E51\u1E53\u014F\u022F\u0231\xF6\u022B\u1ECF\u0151\u01D2\u020D\u020F\u01A1\u1EDD\u1EDB\u1EE1\u1EDF\u1EE3\u1ECD\u1ED9\u01EB\u01ED\xF8\u01FF\uA74B\uA74D\u0275\u0254\u1D11"
+       }, {
+         base: 'oe',
+         chars: "\u0153"
+       }, {
+         base: 'oi',
+         chars: "\u01A3"
+       }, {
+         base: 'oo',
+         chars: "\uA74F"
+       }, {
+         base: 'ou',
+         chars: "\u0223"
+       }, {
+         base: 'p',
+         chars: "\u24DF\uFF50\u1E55\u1E57\u01A5\u1D7D\uA751\uA753\uA755\u03C1"
+       }, {
+         base: 'q',
+         chars: "\u24E0\uFF51\u024B\uA757\uA759"
+       }, {
+         base: 'r',
+         chars: "\u24E1\uFF52\u0155\u1E59\u0159\u0211\u0213\u1E5B\u1E5D\u0157\u1E5F\u024D\u027D\uA75B\uA7A7\uA783"
+       }, {
+         base: 's',
+         chars: "\u24E2\uFF53\u015B\u1E65\u015D\u1E61\u0161\u1E67\u1E63\u1E69\u0219\u015F\u023F\uA7A9\uA785\u1E9B\u0282"
+       }, {
+         base: 'ss',
+         chars: "\xDF"
+       }, {
+         base: 't',
+         chars: "\u24E3\uFF54\u1E6B\u1E97\u0165\u1E6D\u021B\u0163\u1E71\u1E6F\u0167\u01AD\u0288\u2C66\uA787"
+       }, {
+         base: 'th',
+         chars: "\xFE"
+       }, {
+         base: 'tz',
+         chars: "\uA729"
+       }, {
+         base: 'u',
+         chars: "\u24E4\uFF55\xF9\xFA\xFB\u0169\u1E79\u016B\u1E7B\u016D\xFC\u01DC\u01D8\u01D6\u01DA\u1EE7\u016F\u0171\u01D4\u0215\u0217\u01B0\u1EEB\u1EE9\u1EEF\u1EED\u1EF1\u1EE5\u1E73\u0173\u1E77\u1E75\u0289"
+       }, {
+         base: 'v',
+         chars: "\u24E5\uFF56\u1E7D\u1E7F\u028B\uA75F\u028C"
+       }, {
+         base: 'vy',
+         chars: "\uA761"
+       }, {
+         base: 'w',
+         chars: "\u24E6\uFF57\u1E81\u1E83\u0175\u1E87\u1E85\u1E98\u1E89\u2C73"
+       }, {
+         base: 'x',
+         chars: "\u24E7\uFF58\u1E8B\u1E8D"
+       }, {
+         base: 'y',
+         chars: "\u24E8\uFF59\u1EF3\xFD\u0177\u1EF9\u0233\u1E8F\xFF\u1EF7\u1E99\u1EF5\u01B4\u024F\u1EFF"
+       }, {
+         base: 'z',
+         chars: "\u24E9\uFF5A\u017A\u1E91\u017C\u017E\u1E93\u1E95\u01B6\u0225\u0240\u2C6C\uA763"
+       }];
+       var diacriticsMap = {};
 
-               this._prepare();
-           };
+       for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < replacementList.length; i$1 += 1) {
+         var chars = replacementList[i$1].chars;
 
+         for (var j = 0; j < chars.length; j += 1) {
+           diacriticsMap[chars[j]] = replacementList[i$1].base;
+         }
+       }
 
-           AES.prototype._prepare = function() {
+       function removeDiacritics(str) {
+         return str.replace(/[^\u0000-\u007e]/g, function (c) {
+           return diacriticsMap[c] || c;
+         });
+       }
 
-               var rounds = numberOfRounds[this.key.length];
-               if (rounds == null) {
-                   throw new Error('invalid key size (must be 16, 24 or 32 bytes)');
-               }
+       diacritics.replacementList = replacementList;
+       diacritics.diacriticsMap = diacriticsMap;
 
-               // encryption round keys
-               this._Ke = [];
+       var lib = {};
 
-               // decryption round keys
-               this._Kd = [];
+       var isArabic$1 = {};
 
-               for (var i = 0; i <= rounds; i++) {
-                   this._Ke.push([0, 0, 0, 0]);
-                   this._Kd.push([0, 0, 0, 0]);
-               }
+       Object.defineProperty(isArabic$1, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var arabicBlocks = [[0x0600, 0x06FF], [0x0750, 0x077F], [0x08A0, 0x08FF], [0xFB50, 0xFDFF], [0xFE70, 0xFEFF], [0x10E60, 0x10E7F], [0x1EC70, 0x1ECBF], [0x1EE00, 0x1EEFF] // Mathematical Alphabetic symbols https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1EE00.pdf
+       ];
 
-               var roundKeyCount = (rounds + 1) * 4;
-               var KC = this.key.length / 4;
+       function isArabic(_char) {
+         if (_char.length > 1) {
+           // allow the newer chars?
+           throw new Error('isArabic works on only one-character strings');
+         }
 
-               // convert the key into ints
-               var tk = convertToInt32(this.key);
+         var code = _char.charCodeAt(0);
 
-               // copy values into round key arrays
-               var index;
-               for (var i = 0; i < KC; i++) {
-                   index = i >> 2;
-                   this._Ke[index][i % 4] = tk[i];
-                   this._Kd[rounds - index][i % 4] = tk[i];
-               }
+         for (var i = 0; i < arabicBlocks.length; i++) {
+           var block = arabicBlocks[i];
 
-               // key expansion (fips-197 section 5.2)
-               var rconpointer = 0;
-               var t = KC, tt;
-               while (t < roundKeyCount) {
-                   tt = tk[KC - 1];
-                   tk[0] ^= ((S[(tt >> 16) & 0xFF] << 24) ^
-                             (S[(tt >>  8) & 0xFF] << 16) ^
-                             (S[ tt        & 0xFF] <<  8) ^
-                              S[(tt >> 24) & 0xFF]        ^
-                             (rcon[rconpointer] << 24));
-                   rconpointer += 1;
+           if (code >= block[0] && code <= block[1]) {
+             return true;
+           }
+         }
 
-                   // key expansion (for non-256 bit)
-                   if (KC != 8) {
-                       for (var i = 1; i < KC; i++) {
-                           tk[i] ^= tk[i - 1];
-                       }
+         return false;
+       }
 
-                   // key expansion for 256-bit keys is "slightly different" (fips-197)
-                   } else {
-                       for (var i = 1; i < (KC / 2); i++) {
-                           tk[i] ^= tk[i - 1];
-                       }
-                       tt = tk[(KC / 2) - 1];
+       isArabic$1.isArabic = isArabic;
 
-                       tk[KC / 2] ^= (S[ tt        & 0xFF]        ^
-                                     (S[(tt >>  8) & 0xFF] <<  8) ^
-                                     (S[(tt >> 16) & 0xFF] << 16) ^
-                                     (S[(tt >> 24) & 0xFF] << 24));
+       function isMath(_char2) {
+         if (_char2.length > 2) {
+           // allow the newer chars?
+           throw new Error('isMath works on only one-character strings');
+         }
 
-                       for (var i = (KC / 2) + 1; i < KC; i++) {
-                           tk[i] ^= tk[i - 1];
-                       }
-                   }
+         var code = _char2.charCodeAt(0);
 
-                   // copy values into round key arrays
-                   var i = 0, r, c;
-                   while (i < KC && t < roundKeyCount) {
-                       r = t >> 2;
-                       c = t % 4;
-                       this._Ke[r][c] = tk[i];
-                       this._Kd[rounds - r][c] = tk[i++];
-                       t++;
-                   }
-               }
+         return code >= 0x660 && code <= 0x66C || code >= 0x6F0 && code <= 0x6F9;
+       }
 
-               // inverse-cipher-ify the decryption round key (fips-197 section 5.3)
-               for (var r = 1; r < rounds; r++) {
-                   for (var c = 0; c < 4; c++) {
-                       tt = this._Kd[r][c];
-                       this._Kd[r][c] = (U1[(tt >> 24) & 0xFF] ^
-                                         U2[(tt >> 16) & 0xFF] ^
-                                         U3[(tt >>  8) & 0xFF] ^
-                                         U4[ tt        & 0xFF]);
-                   }
-               }
-           };
+       isArabic$1.isMath = isMath;
 
-           AES.prototype.encrypt = function(plaintext) {
-               if (plaintext.length != 16) {
-                   throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be 16 bytes)');
-               }
+       var GlyphSplitter$1 = {};
 
-               var rounds = this._Ke.length - 1;
-               var a = [0, 0, 0, 0];
+       var reference = {};
 
-               // convert plaintext to (ints ^ key)
-               var t = convertToInt32(plaintext);
-               for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-                   t[i] ^= this._Ke[0][i];
-               }
+       var unicodeArabic = {};
 
-               // apply round transforms
-               for (var r = 1; r < rounds; r++) {
-                   for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-                       a[i] = (T1[(t[ i         ] >> 24) & 0xff] ^
-                               T2[(t[(i + 1) % 4] >> 16) & 0xff] ^
-                               T3[(t[(i + 2) % 4] >>  8) & 0xff] ^
-                               T4[ t[(i + 3) % 4]        & 0xff] ^
-                               this._Ke[r][i]);
-                   }
-                   t = a.slice();
-               }
+       Object.defineProperty(unicodeArabic, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var arabicReference = {
+         "alef": {
+           "normal": ["\u0627"],
+           "madda_above": {
+             "normal": ["\u0627\u0653", "\u0622"],
+             "isolated": "\uFE81",
+             "final": "\uFE82"
+           },
+           "hamza_above": {
+             "normal": ["\u0627\u0654", "\u0623"],
+             "isolated": "\uFE83",
+             "final": "\uFE84"
+           },
+           "hamza_below": {
+             "normal": ["\u0627\u0655", "\u0625"],
+             "isolated": "\uFE87",
+             "final": "\uFE88"
+           },
+           "wasla": {
+             "normal": "\u0671",
+             "isolated": "\uFB50",
+             "final": "\uFB51"
+           },
+           "wavy_hamza_above": ["\u0672"],
+           "wavy_hamza_below": ["\u0627\u065F", "\u0673"],
+           "high_hamza": ["\u0675", "\u0627\u0674"],
+           "indic_two_above": ["\u0773"],
+           "indic_three_above": ["\u0774"],
+           "fathatan": {
+             "normal": ["\u0627\u064B"],
+             "final": "\uFD3C",
+             "isolated": "\uFD3D"
+           },
+           "isolated": "\uFE8D",
+           "final": "\uFE8E"
+         },
+         "beh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0628"],
+           "dotless": ["\u066E"],
+           "three_dots_horizontally_below": ["\u0750"],
+           "dot_below_three_dots_above": ["\u0751"],
+           "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": ["\u0752"],
+           "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below_two_dots_above": ["\u0753"],
+           "two_dots_below_dot_above": ["\u0754"],
+           "inverted_small_v_below": ["\u0755"],
+           "small_v": ["\u0756"],
+           "small_v_below": ["\u08A0"],
+           "hamza_above": ["\u08A1"],
+           "small_meem_above": ["\u08B6"],
+           "isolated": "\uFE8F",
+           "final": "\uFE90",
+           "initial": "\uFE91",
+           "medial": "\uFE92"
+         },
+         "teh marbuta": {
+           "normal": ["\u0629"],
+           "isolated": "\uFE93",
+           "final": "\uFE94"
+         },
+         "teh": {
+           "normal": ["\u062A"],
+           "ring": ["\u067C"],
+           "three_dots_above_downwards": ["\u067D"],
+           "small_teh_above": ["\u08B8"],
+           "isolated": "\uFE95",
+           "final": "\uFE96",
+           "initial": "\uFE97",
+           "medial": "\uFE98"
+         },
+         "theh": {
+           "normal": ["\u062B"],
+           "isolated": "\uFE99",
+           "final": "\uFE9A",
+           "initial": "\uFE9B",
+           "medial": "\uFE9C"
+         },
+         "jeem": {
+           "normal": ["\u062C"],
+           "two_dots_above": ["\u08A2"],
+           "isolated": "\uFE9D",
+           "final": "\uFE9E",
+           "initial": "\uFE9F",
+           "medial": "\uFEA0"
+         },
+         "hah": {
+           "normal": ["\u062D"],
+           "hamza_above": ["\u0681"],
+           "two_dots_vertical_above": ["\u0682"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u0685"],
+           "two_dots_above": ["\u0757"],
+           "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": ["\u0758"],
+           "small_tah_below": ["\u076E"],
+           "small_tah_two_dots": ["\u076F"],
+           "small_tah_above": ["\u0772"],
+           "indic_four_below": ["\u077C"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEA1",
+           "final": "\uFEA2",
+           "initial": "\uFEA3",
+           "medial": "\uFEA4"
+         },
+         "khah": {
+           "normal": ["\u062E"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEA5",
+           "final": "\uFEA6",
+           "initial": "\uFEA7",
+           "medial": "\uFEA8"
+         },
+         "dal": {
+           "normal": ["\u062F"],
+           "ring": ["\u0689"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u068A"],
+           "dot_below_small_tah": ["\u068B"],
+           "three_dots_above_downwards": ["\u068F"],
+           "four_dots_above": ["\u0690"],
+           "inverted_v": ["\u06EE"],
+           "two_dots_vertically_below_small_tah": ["\u0759"],
+           "inverted_small_v_below": ["\u075A"],
+           "three_dots_below": ["\u08AE"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEA9",
+           "final": "\uFEAA"
+         },
+         "thal": {
+           "normal": ["\u0630"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEAB",
+           "final": "\uFEAC"
+         },
+         "reh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0631"],
+           "small_v": ["\u0692"],
+           "ring": ["\u0693"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u0694"],
+           "small_v_below": ["\u0695"],
+           "dot_below_dot_above": ["\u0696"],
+           "two_dots_above": ["\u0697"],
+           "four_dots_above": ["\u0699"],
+           "inverted_v": ["\u06EF"],
+           "stroke": ["\u075B"],
+           "two_dots_vertically_above": ["\u076B"],
+           "hamza_above": ["\u076C"],
+           "small_tah_two_dots": ["\u0771"],
+           "loop": ["\u08AA"],
+           "small_noon_above": ["\u08B9"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEAD",
+           "final": "\uFEAE"
+         },
+         "zain": {
+           "normal": ["\u0632"],
+           "inverted_v_above": ["\u08B2"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEAF",
+           "final": "\uFEB0"
+         },
+         "seen": {
+           "normal": ["\u0633"],
+           "dot_below_dot_above": ["\u069A"],
+           "three_dots_below": ["\u069B"],
+           "three_dots_below_three_dots_above": ["\u069C"],
+           "four_dots_above": ["\u075C"],
+           "two_dots_vertically_above": ["\u076D"],
+           "small_tah_two_dots": ["\u0770"],
+           "indic_four_above": ["\u077D"],
+           "inverted_v": ["\u077E"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEB1",
+           "final": "\uFEB2",
+           "initial": "\uFEB3",
+           "medial": "\uFEB4"
+         },
+         "sheen": {
+           "normal": ["\u0634"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u06FA"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEB5",
+           "final": "\uFEB6",
+           "initial": "\uFEB7",
+           "medial": "\uFEB8"
+         },
+         "sad": {
+           "normal": ["\u0635"],
+           "two_dots_below": ["\u069D"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u069E"],
+           "three_dots_below": ["\u08AF"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEB9",
+           "final": "\uFEBA",
+           "initial": "\uFEBB",
+           "medial": "\uFEBC"
+         },
+         "dad": {
+           "normal": ["\u0636"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u06FB"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEBD",
+           "final": "\uFEBE",
+           "initial": "\uFEBF",
+           "medial": "\uFEC0"
+         },
+         "tah": {
+           "normal": ["\u0637"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u069F"],
+           "two_dots_above": ["\u08A3"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEC1",
+           "final": "\uFEC2",
+           "initial": "\uFEC3",
+           "medial": "\uFEC4"
+         },
+         "zah": {
+           "normal": ["\u0638"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEC5",
+           "final": "\uFEC6",
+           "initial": "\uFEC7",
+           "medial": "\uFEC8"
+         },
+         "ain": {
+           "normal": ["\u0639"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u06A0"],
+           "two_dots_above": ["\u075D"],
+           "three_dots_pointing_downwards_above": ["\u075E"],
+           "two_dots_vertically_above": ["\u075F"],
+           "three_dots_below": ["\u08B3"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEC9",
+           "final": "\uFECA",
+           "initial": "\uFECB",
+           "medial": "\uFECC"
+         },
+         "ghain": {
+           "normal": ["\u063A"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u06FC"],
+           "isolated": "\uFECD",
+           "final": "\uFECE",
+           "initial": "\uFECF",
+           "medial": "\uFED0"
+         },
+         "feh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0641"],
+           "dotless": ["\u06A1"],
+           "dot_moved_below": ["\u06A2"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u06A3"],
+           "three_dots_below": ["\u06A5"],
+           "two_dots_below": ["\u0760"],
+           "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": ["\u0761"],
+           "dot_below_three_dots_above": ["\u08A4"],
+           "isolated": "\uFED1",
+           "final": "\uFED2",
+           "initial": "\uFED3",
+           "medial": "\uFED4"
+         },
+         "qaf": {
+           "normal": ["\u0642"],
+           "dotless": ["\u066F"],
+           "dot_above": ["\u06A7"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u06A8"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u08A5"],
+           "isolated": "\uFED5",
+           "final": "\uFED6",
+           "initial": "\uFED7",
+           "medial": "\uFED8"
+         },
+         "kaf": {
+           "normal": ["\u0643"],
+           "swash": ["\u06AA"],
+           "ring": ["\u06AB"],
+           "dot_above": ["\u06AC"],
+           "three_dots_below": ["\u06AE"],
+           "two_dots_above": ["\u077F"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u08B4"],
+           "isolated": "\uFED9",
+           "final": "\uFEDA",
+           "initial": "\uFEDB",
+           "medial": "\uFEDC"
+         },
+         "lam": {
+           "normal": ["\u0644"],
+           "small_v": ["\u06B5"],
+           "dot_above": ["\u06B6"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u06B7"],
+           "three_dots_below": ["\u06B8"],
+           "bar": ["\u076A"],
+           "double_bar": ["\u08A6"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEDD",
+           "final": "\uFEDE",
+           "initial": "\uFEDF",
+           "medial": "\uFEE0"
+         },
+         "meem": {
+           "normal": ["\u0645"],
+           "dot_above": ["\u0765"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u0766"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u08A7"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEE1",
+           "final": "\uFEE2",
+           "initial": "\uFEE3",
+           "medial": "\uFEE4"
+         },
+         "noon": {
+           "normal": ["\u0646"],
+           "dot_below": ["\u06B9"],
+           "ring": ["\u06BC"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u06BD"],
+           "two_dots_below": ["\u0767"],
+           "small_tah": ["\u0768"],
+           "small_v": ["\u0769"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEE5",
+           "final": "\uFEE6",
+           "initial": "\uFEE7",
+           "medial": "\uFEE8"
+         },
+         "heh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0647"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEE9",
+           "final": "\uFEEA",
+           "initial": "\uFEEB",
+           "medial": "\uFEEC"
+         },
+         "waw": {
+           "normal": ["\u0648"],
+           "hamza_above": {
+             "normal": ["\u0624", "\u0648\u0654"],
+             "isolated": "\uFE85",
+             "final": "\uFE86"
+           },
+           "high_hamza": ["\u0676", "\u0648\u0674"],
+           "ring": ["\u06C4"],
+           "two_dots_above": ["\u06CA"],
+           "dot_above": ["\u06CF"],
+           "indic_two_above": ["\u0778"],
+           "indic_three_above": ["\u0779"],
+           "dot_within": ["\u08AB"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEED",
+           "final": "\uFEEE"
+         },
+         "alef_maksura": {
+           "normal": ["\u0649"],
+           "hamza_above": ["\u0626", "\u064A\u0654"],
+           "initial": "\uFBE8",
+           "medial": "\uFBE9",
+           "isolated": "\uFEEF",
+           "final": "\uFEF0"
+         },
+         "yeh": {
+           "normal": ["\u064A"],
+           "hamza_above": {
+             "normal": ["\u0626", "\u0649\u0654"],
+             "isolated": "\uFE89",
+             "final": "\uFE8A",
+             "initial": "\uFE8B",
+             "medial": "\uFE8C"
+           },
+           "two_dots_below_hamza_above": ["\u08A8"],
+           "high_hamza": ["\u0678", "\u064A\u0674"],
+           "tail": ["\u06CD"],
+           "small_v": ["\u06CE"],
+           "three_dots_below": ["\u06D1"],
+           "two_dots_below_dot_above": ["\u08A9"],
+           "two_dots_below_small_noon_above": ["\u08BA"],
+           "isolated": "\uFEF1",
+           "final": "\uFEF2",
+           "initial": "\uFEF3",
+           "medial": "\uFEF4"
+         },
+         "tteh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0679"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB66",
+           "final": "\uFB67",
+           "initial": "\uFB68",
+           "medial": "\uFB69"
+         },
+         "tteheh": {
+           "normal": ["\u067A"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB5E",
+           "final": "\uFB5F",
+           "initial": "\uFB60",
+           "medial": "\uFB61"
+         },
+         "beeh": {
+           "normal": ["\u067B"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB52",
+           "final": "\uFB53",
+           "initial": "\uFB54",
+           "medial": "\uFB55"
+         },
+         "peh": {
+           "normal": ["\u067E"],
+           "small_meem_above": ["\u08B7"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB56",
+           "final": "\uFB57",
+           "initial": "\uFB58",
+           "medial": "\uFB59"
+         },
+         "teheh": {
+           "normal": ["\u067F"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB62",
+           "final": "\uFB63",
+           "initial": "\uFB64",
+           "medial": "\uFB65"
+         },
+         "beheh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0680"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB5A",
+           "final": "\uFB5B",
+           "initial": "\uFB5C",
+           "medial": "\uFB5D"
+         },
+         "nyeh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0683"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB76",
+           "final": "\uFB77",
+           "initial": "\uFB78",
+           "medial": "\uFB79"
+         },
+         "dyeh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0684"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB72",
+           "final": "\uFB73",
+           "initial": "\uFB74",
+           "medial": "\uFB75"
+         },
+         "tcheh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0686"],
+           "dot_above": ["\u06BF"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB7A",
+           "final": "\uFB7B",
+           "initial": "\uFB7C",
+           "medial": "\uFB7D"
+         },
+         "tcheheh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0687"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB7E",
+           "final": "\uFB7F",
+           "initial": "\uFB80",
+           "medial": "\uFB81"
+         },
+         "ddal": {
+           "normal": ["\u0688"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB88",
+           "final": "\uFB89"
+         },
+         "dahal": {
+           "normal": ["\u068C"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB84",
+           "final": "\uFB85"
+         },
+         "ddahal": {
+           "normal": ["\u068D"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB82",
+           "final": "\uFB83"
+         },
+         "dul": {
+           "normal": ["\u068F", "\u068E"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB86",
+           "final": "\uFB87"
+         },
+         "rreh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0691"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB8C",
+           "final": "\uFB8D"
+         },
+         "jeh": {
+           "normal": ["\u0698"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB8A",
+           "final": "\uFB8B"
+         },
+         "veh": {
+           "normal": ["\u06A4"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB6A",
+           "final": "\uFB6B",
+           "initial": "\uFB6C",
+           "medial": "\uFB6D"
+         },
+         "peheh": {
+           "normal": ["\u06A6"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB6E",
+           "final": "\uFB6F",
+           "initial": "\uFB70",
+           "medial": "\uFB71"
+         },
+         "keheh": {
+           "normal": ["\u06A9"],
+           "dot_above": ["\u0762"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u0763"],
+           "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": ["\u0764"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB8E",
+           "final": "\uFB8F",
+           "initial": "\uFB90",
+           "medial": "\uFB91"
+         },
+         "ng": {
+           "normal": ["\u06AD"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBD3",
+           "final": "\uFBD4",
+           "initial": "\uFBD5",
+           "medial": "\uFBD6"
+         },
+         "gaf": {
+           "normal": ["\u06AF"],
+           "ring": ["\u06B0"],
+           "two_dots_below": ["\u06B2"],
+           "three_dots_above": ["\u06B4"],
+           "inverted_stroke": ["\u08B0"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB92",
+           "final": "\uFB93",
+           "initial": "\uFB94",
+           "medial": "\uFB95"
+         },
+         "ngoeh": {
+           "normal": ["\u06B1"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB9A",
+           "final": "\uFB9B",
+           "initial": "\uFB9C",
+           "medial": "\uFB9D"
+         },
+         "gueh": {
+           "normal": ["\u06B3"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB96",
+           "final": "\uFB97",
+           "initial": "\uFB98",
+           "medial": "\uFB99"
+         },
+         "noon ghunna": {
+           "normal": ["\u06BA"],
+           "isolated": "\uFB9E",
+           "final": "\uFB9F"
+         },
+         "rnoon": {
+           "normal": ["\u06BB"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBA0",
+           "final": "\uFBA1",
+           "initial": "\uFBA2",
+           "medial": "\uFBA3"
+         },
+         "heh doachashmee": {
+           "normal": ["\u06BE"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBAA",
+           "final": "\uFBAB",
+           "initial": "\uFBAC",
+           "medial": "\uFBAD"
+         },
+         "heh goal": {
+           "normal": ["\u06C1"],
+           "hamza_above": ["\u06C1\u0654", "\u06C2"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBA6",
+           "final": "\uFBA7",
+           "initial": "\uFBA8",
+           "medial": "\uFBA9"
+         },
+         "teh marbuta goal": {
+           "normal": ["\u06C3"]
+         },
+         "kirghiz oe": {
+           "normal": ["\u06C5"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBE0",
+           "final": "\uFBE1"
+         },
+         "oe": {
+           "normal": ["\u06C6"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBD9",
+           "final": "\uFBDA"
+         },
+         "u": {
+           "normal": ["\u06C7"],
+           "hamza_above": {
+             "normal": ["\u0677", "\u06C7\u0674"],
+             "isolated": "\uFBDD"
+           },
+           "isolated": "\uFBD7",
+           "final": "\uFBD8"
+         },
+         "yu": {
+           "normal": ["\u06C8"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBDB",
+           "final": "\uFBDC"
+         },
+         "kirghiz yu": {
+           "normal": ["\u06C9"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBE2",
+           "final": "\uFBE3"
+         },
+         "ve": {
+           "normal": ["\u06CB"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBDE",
+           "final": "\uFBDF"
+         },
+         "farsi yeh": {
+           "normal": ["\u06CC"],
+           "indic_two_above": ["\u0775"],
+           "indic_three_above": ["\u0776"],
+           "indic_four_above": ["\u0777"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBFC",
+           "final": "\uFBFD",
+           "initial": "\uFBFE",
+           "medial": "\uFBFF"
+         },
+         "e": {
+           "normal": ["\u06D0"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBE4",
+           "final": "\uFBE5",
+           "initial": "\uFBE6",
+           "medial": "\uFBE7"
+         },
+         "yeh barree": {
+           "normal": ["\u06D2"],
+           "hamza_above": {
+             "normal": ["\u06D2\u0654", "\u06D3"],
+             "isolated": "\uFBB0",
+             "final": "\uFBB1"
+           },
+           "indic_two_above": ["\u077A"],
+           "indic_three_above": ["\u077B"],
+           "isolated": "\uFBAE",
+           "final": "\uFBAF"
+         },
+         "ae": {
+           "normal": ["\u06D5"],
+           "isolated": "\u06D5",
+           "final": "\uFEEA",
+           "yeh_above": {
+             "normal": ["\u06C0", "\u06D5\u0654"],
+             "isolated": "\uFBA4",
+             "final": "\uFBA5"
+           }
+         },
+         "rohingya yeh": {
+           "normal": ["\u08AC"]
+         },
+         "low alef": {
+           "normal": ["\u08AD"]
+         },
+         "straight waw": {
+           "normal": ["\u08B1"]
+         },
+         "african feh": {
+           "normal": ["\u08BB"]
+         },
+         "african qaf": {
+           "normal": ["\u08BC"]
+         },
+         "african noon": {
+           "normal": ["\u08BD"]
+         }
+       };
 
-               // the last round is special
-               var result = createArray(16), tt;
-               for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-                   tt = this._Ke[rounds][i];
-                   result[4 * i    ] = (S[(t[ i         ] >> 24) & 0xff] ^ (tt >> 24)) & 0xff;
-                   result[4 * i + 1] = (S[(t[(i + 1) % 4] >> 16) & 0xff] ^ (tt >> 16)) & 0xff;
-                   result[4 * i + 2] = (S[(t[(i + 2) % 4] >>  8) & 0xff] ^ (tt >>  8)) & 0xff;
-                   result[4 * i + 3] = (S[ t[(i + 3) % 4]        & 0xff] ^  tt       ) & 0xff;
-               }
+       unicodeArabic["default"] = arabicReference;
 
-               return result;
-           };
+       var unicodeLigatures = {};
 
-           AES.prototype.decrypt = function(ciphertext) {
-               if (ciphertext.length != 16) {
-                   throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be 16 bytes)');
-               }
+       Object.defineProperty(unicodeLigatures, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var ligatureReference = {
+         "\u0626\u0627": {
+           "isolated": "\uFBEA",
+           "final": "\uFBEB"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u06D5": {
+           "isolated": "\uFBEC",
+           "final": "\uFBED"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u0648": {
+           "isolated": "\uFBEE",
+           "final": "\uFBEF"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u06C7": {
+           "isolated": "\uFBF0",
+           "final": "\uFBF1"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u06C6": {
+           "isolated": "\uFBF2",
+           "final": "\uFBF3"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u06C8": {
+           "isolated": "\uFBF4",
+           "final": "\uFBF5"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u06D0": {
+           "isolated": "\uFBF6",
+           "final": "\uFBF7",
+           "initial": "\uFBF8"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u0649": {
+           "uighur_kirghiz": {
+             "isolated": "\uFBF9",
+             "final": "\uFBFA",
+             "initial": "\uFBFB"
+           },
+           "isolated": "\uFC03",
+           "final": "\uFC68"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC00",
+           "initial": "\uFC97"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC01",
+           "initial": "\uFC98"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC02",
+           "final": "\uFC66",
+           "initial": "\uFC9A",
+           "medial": "\uFCDF"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC04",
+           "final": "\uFC69"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC05",
+           "initial": "\uFC9C"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC06",
+           "initial": "\uFC9D"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC07",
+           "initial": "\uFC9E"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC08",
+           "final": "\uFC6C",
+           "initial": "\uFC9F",
+           "medial": "\uFCE1"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC09",
+           "final": "\uFC6E"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC0A",
+           "final": "\uFC6F"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC0B",
+           "initial": "\uFCA1"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC0C",
+           "initial": "\uFCA2"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC0D",
+           "initial": "\uFCA3"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC0E",
+           "final": "\uFC72",
+           "initial": "\uFCA4",
+           "medial": "\uFCE3"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC0F",
+           "final": "\uFC74"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC10",
+           "final": "\uFC75"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC11"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC12",
+           "final": "\uFC78",
+           "initial": "\uFCA6",
+           "medial": "\uFCE5"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC13",
+           "final": "\uFC7A"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u0648": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC14"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC15",
+           "initial": "\uFCA7"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC16",
+           "initial": "\uFCA8"
+         },
+         "\u062D\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC17",
+           "initial": "\uFCA9"
+         },
+         "\u062D\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC18",
+           "initial": "\uFCAA"
+         },
+         "\u062E\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC19",
+           "initial": "\uFCAB"
+         },
+         "\u062E\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC1A"
+         },
+         "\u062E\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC1B",
+           "initial": "\uFCAC"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC1C",
+           "initial": "\uFCAD",
+           "medial": "\uFD34"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC1D",
+           "initial": "\uFCAE",
+           "medial": "\uFD35"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC1E",
+           "initial": "\uFCAF",
+           "medial": "\uFD36"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC1F",
+           "initial": "\uFCB0",
+           "medial": "\uFCE7"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC20",
+           "initial": "\uFCB1"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC21",
+           "initial": "\uFCB3"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC22",
+           "initial": "\uFCB4"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC23",
+           "initial": "\uFCB5"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC24",
+           "initial": "\uFCB6"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC25",
+           "initial": "\uFCB7"
+         },
+         "\u0637\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC26",
+           "initial": "\uFCB8"
+         },
+         "\u0637\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC27",
+           "initial": "\uFD33",
+           "medial": "\uFD3A"
+         },
+         "\u0638\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC28",
+           "initial": "\uFCB9",
+           "medial": "\uFD3B"
+         },
+         "\u0639\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC29",
+           "initial": "\uFCBA"
+         },
+         "\u0639\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC2A",
+           "initial": "\uFCBB"
+         },
+         "\u063A\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC2B",
+           "initial": "\uFCBC"
+         },
+         "\u063A\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC2C",
+           "initial": "\uFCBD"
+         },
+         "\u0641\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC2D",
+           "initial": "\uFCBE"
+         },
+         "\u0641\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC2E",
+           "initial": "\uFCBF"
+         },
+         "\u0641\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC2F",
+           "initial": "\uFCC0"
+         },
+         "\u0641\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC30",
+           "initial": "\uFCC1"
+         },
+         "\u0641\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC31",
+           "final": "\uFC7C"
+         },
+         "\u0641\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC32",
+           "final": "\uFC7D"
+         },
+         "\u0642\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC33",
+           "initial": "\uFCC2"
+         },
+         "\u0642\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC34",
+           "initial": "\uFCC3"
+         },
+         "\u0642\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC35",
+           "final": "\uFC7E"
+         },
+         "\u0642\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC36",
+           "final": "\uFC7F"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u0627": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC37",
+           "final": "\uFC80"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC38",
+           "initial": "\uFCC4"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC39",
+           "initial": "\uFCC5"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC3A",
+           "initial": "\uFCC6"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u0644": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC3B",
+           "final": "\uFC81",
+           "initial": "\uFCC7",
+           "medial": "\uFCEB"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC3C",
+           "final": "\uFC82",
+           "initial": "\uFCC8",
+           "medial": "\uFCEC"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC3D",
+           "final": "\uFC83"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC3E",
+           "final": "\uFC84"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC3F",
+           "initial": "\uFCC9"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC40",
+           "initial": "\uFCCA"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC41",
+           "initial": "\uFCCB"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC42",
+           "final": "\uFC85",
+           "initial": "\uFCCC",
+           "medial": "\uFCED"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC43",
+           "final": "\uFC86"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC44",
+           "final": "\uFC87"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC45",
+           "initial": "\uFCCE"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC46",
+           "initial": "\uFCCF"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC47",
+           "initial": "\uFCD0"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC48",
+           "final": "\uFC89",
+           "initial": "\uFCD1"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC49"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC4A"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC4B",
+           "initial": "\uFCD2"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC4C",
+           "initial": "\uFCD3"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC4D",
+           "initial": "\uFCD4"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC4E",
+           "final": "\uFC8C",
+           "initial": "\uFCD5",
+           "medial": "\uFCEE"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC4F",
+           "final": "\uFC8E"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC50",
+           "final": "\uFC8F"
+         },
+         "\u0647\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC51",
+           "initial": "\uFCD7"
+         },
+         "\u0647\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC52",
+           "initial": "\uFCD8"
+         },
+         "\u0647\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC53"
+         },
+         "\u0647\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC54"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC55",
+           "initial": "\uFCDA"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC56",
+           "initial": "\uFCDB"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC57",
+           "initial": "\uFCDC"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u0645": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC58",
+           "final": "\uFC93",
+           "initial": "\uFCDD",
+           "medial": "\uFCF0"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC59",
+           "final": "\uFC95"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC5A",
+           "final": "\uFC96"
+         },
+         "\u0630\u0670": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC5B"
+         },
+         "\u0631\u0670": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC5C"
+         },
+         "\u0649\u0670": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC5D",
+           "final": "\uFC90"
+         },
+         "\u064C\u0651": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC5E"
+         },
+         "\u064D\u0651": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC5F"
+         },
+         "\u064E\u0651": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC60"
+         },
+         "\u064F\u0651": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC61"
+         },
+         "\u0650\u0651": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC62"
+         },
+         "\u0651\u0670": {
+           "isolated": "\uFC63"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u0631": {
+           "final": "\uFC64"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u0632": {
+           "final": "\uFC65"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u0646": {
+           "final": "\uFC67"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u0631": {
+           "final": "\uFC6A"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u0632": {
+           "final": "\uFC6B"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u0646": {
+           "final": "\uFC6D"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0631": {
+           "final": "\uFC70"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0632": {
+           "final": "\uFC71"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0646": {
+           "final": "\uFC73"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u0631": {
+           "final": "\uFC76"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u0632": {
+           "final": "\uFC77"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u0646": {
+           "final": "\uFC79"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFC7B"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u0627": {
+           "final": "\uFC88"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u0631": {
+           "final": "\uFC8A"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u0632": {
+           "final": "\uFC8B"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u0646": {
+           "final": "\uFC8D"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u0631": {
+           "final": "\uFC91"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u0632": {
+           "final": "\uFC92"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u0646": {
+           "final": "\uFC94"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u062E": {
+           "initial": "\uFC99"
+         },
+         "\u0626\u0647": {
+           "initial": "\uFC9B",
+           "medial": "\uFCE0"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u0647": {
+           "initial": "\uFCA0",
+           "medial": "\uFCE2"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0647": {
+           "initial": "\uFCA5",
+           "medial": "\uFCE4"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u062E": {
+           "initial": "\uFCB2"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0647": {
+           "initial": "\uFCCD"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u0647": {
+           "initial": "\uFCD6",
+           "medial": "\uFCEF"
+         },
+         "\u0647\u0670": {
+           "initial": "\uFCD9"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u0647": {
+           "initial": "\uFCDE",
+           "medial": "\uFCF1"
+         },
+         "\u062B\u0647": {
+           "medial": "\uFCE6"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u0647": {
+           "medial": "\uFCE8",
+           "initial": "\uFD31"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u0645": {
+           "medial": "\uFCE9",
+           "isolated": "\uFD0C",
+           "final": "\uFD28",
+           "initial": "\uFD30"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u0647": {
+           "medial": "\uFCEA",
+           "initial": "\uFD32"
+         },
+         "\u0640\u064E\u0651": {
+           "medial": "\uFCF2"
+         },
+         "\u0640\u064F\u0651": {
+           "medial": "\uFCF3"
+         },
+         "\u0640\u0650\u0651": {
+           "medial": "\uFCF4"
+         },
+         "\u0637\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCF5",
+           "final": "\uFD11"
+         },
+         "\u0637\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCF6",
+           "final": "\uFD12"
+         },
+         "\u0639\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCF7",
+           "final": "\uFD13"
+         },
+         "\u0639\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCF8",
+           "final": "\uFD14"
+         },
+         "\u063A\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCF9",
+           "final": "\uFD15"
+         },
+         "\u063A\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCFA",
+           "final": "\uFD16"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCFB"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCFC",
+           "final": "\uFD18"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCFD",
+           "final": "\uFD19"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCFE",
+           "final": "\uFD1A"
+         },
+         "\u062D\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFCFF",
+           "final": "\uFD1B"
+         },
+         "\u062D\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD00",
+           "final": "\uFD1C"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD01",
+           "final": "\uFD1D"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD02",
+           "final": "\uFD1E"
+         },
+         "\u062E\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD03",
+           "final": "\uFD1F"
+         },
+         "\u062E\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD04",
+           "final": "\uFD20"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD05",
+           "final": "\uFD21"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD06",
+           "final": "\uFD22"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u0649": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD07",
+           "final": "\uFD23"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u064A": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD08",
+           "final": "\uFD24"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u062C": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD09",
+           "final": "\uFD25",
+           "initial": "\uFD2D",
+           "medial": "\uFD37"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u062D": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD0A",
+           "final": "\uFD26",
+           "initial": "\uFD2E",
+           "medial": "\uFD38"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u062E": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD0B",
+           "final": "\uFD27",
+           "initial": "\uFD2F",
+           "medial": "\uFD39"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u0631": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD0D",
+           "final": "\uFD29"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u0631": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD0E",
+           "final": "\uFD2A"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u0631": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD0F",
+           "final": "\uFD2B"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u0631": {
+           "isolated": "\uFD10",
+           "final": "\uFD2C"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u0639": {
+           "final": "\uFD17"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062C\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD50"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062D\u062C": {
+           "final": "\uFD51",
+           "initial": "\uFD52"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062D\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD53"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062E\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD54"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0645\u062C": {
+           "initial": "\uFD55"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0645\u062D": {
+           "initial": "\uFD56"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0645\u062E": {
+           "initial": "\uFD57"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u0645\u062D": {
+           "final": "\uFD58",
+           "initial": "\uFD59"
+         },
+         "\u062D\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD5A"
+         },
+         "\u062D\u0645\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD5B"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u062D\u062C": {
+           "initial": "\uFD5C"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u062C\u062D": {
+           "initial": "\uFD5D"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u062C\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD5E"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u0645\u062D": {
+           "final": "\uFD5F",
+           "initial": "\uFD60"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u0645\u062C": {
+           "initial": "\uFD61"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u0645\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD62",
+           "initial": "\uFD63"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u062D\u062D": {
+           "final": "\uFD64",
+           "initial": "\uFD65"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u0645\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD66",
+           "initial": "\uFDC5"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u062D\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD67",
+           "initial": "\uFD68"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u062C\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD69"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u0645\u062E": {
+           "final": "\uFD6A",
+           "initial": "\uFD6B"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u0645\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD6C",
+           "initial": "\uFD6D"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u062D\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD6E"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u062E\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD6F",
+           "initial": "\uFD70"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u0645\u062D": {
+           "final": "\uFD71"
+         },
+         "\u0637\u0645\u062D": {
+           "initial": "\uFD72"
+         },
+         "\u0637\u0645\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD73"
+         },
+         "\u0637\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD74"
+         },
+         "\u0639\u062C\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD75",
+           "initial": "\uFDC4"
+         },
+         "\u0639\u0645\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD76",
+           "initial": "\uFD77"
+         },
+         "\u0639\u0645\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD78"
+         },
+         "\u063A\u0645\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD79"
+         },
+         "\u063A\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD7A"
+         },
+         "\u063A\u0645\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD7B"
+         },
+         "\u0641\u062E\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD7C",
+           "initial": "\uFD7D"
+         },
+         "\u0642\u0645\u062D": {
+           "final": "\uFD7E",
+           "initial": "\uFDB4"
+         },
+         "\u0642\u0645\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD7F"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062D\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD80",
+           "initial": "\uFDB5"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD81"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062D\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD82"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062C\u062C": {
+           "initial": "\uFD83",
+           "final": "\uFD84"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062E\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD85",
+           "initial": "\uFD86"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0645\u062D": {
+           "final": "\uFD87",
+           "initial": "\uFD88"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062D\u062C": {
+           "initial": "\uFD89"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062D\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD8A"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD8B"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062C\u062D": {
+           "initial": "\uFD8C"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062C\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD8D"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062E\u062C": {
+           "initial": "\uFD8E"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062E\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD8F"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062C\u062E": {
+           "initial": "\uFD92"
+         },
+         "\u0647\u0645\u062C": {
+           "initial": "\uFD93"
+         },
+         "\u0647\u0645\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD94"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062D\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFD95"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062D\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD96"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062C\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD97",
+           "initial": "\uFD98"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062C\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD99"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD9A"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u0645\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFD9B"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u0645\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFD9C",
+           "initial": "\uFD9D"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u062E\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD9E"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062C\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFD9F"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062C\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFDA0"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062E\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDA1"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u062E\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFDA2"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDA3"
+         },
+         "\u062A\u0645\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFDA4"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDA5"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u062D\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFDA6"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u0645\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFDA7"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u062E\u0649": {
+           "final": "\uFDA8"
+         },
+         "\u0635\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDA9"
+         },
+         "\u0634\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDAA"
+         },
+         "\u0636\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDAB"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062C\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDAC"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDAD"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDAE"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u062C\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDAF"
+         },
+         "\u064A\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDB0"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDB1"
+         },
+         "\u0642\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDB2"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDB3"
+         },
+         "\u0639\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDB6"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDB7"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062C\u062D": {
+           "initial": "\uFDB8",
+           "final": "\uFDBD"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062E\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDB9"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u062C\u0645": {
+           "initial": "\uFDBA",
+           "final": "\uFDBC"
+         },
+         "\u0643\u0645\u0645": {
+           "final": "\uFDBB",
+           "initial": "\uFDC3"
+         },
+         "\u062C\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDBE"
+         },
+         "\u062D\u062C\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDBF"
+         },
+         "\u0645\u062C\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDC0"
+         },
+         "\u0641\u0645\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDC1"
+         },
+         "\u0628\u062D\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDC2"
+         },
+         "\u0633\u062E\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDC6"
+         },
+         "\u0646\u062C\u064A": {
+           "final": "\uFDC7"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0622": {
+           "isolated": "\uFEF5",
+           "final": "\uFEF6"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0623": {
+           "isolated": "\uFEF7",
+           "final": "\uFEF8"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0625": {
+           "isolated": "\uFEF9",
+           "final": "\uFEFA"
+         },
+         "\u0644\u0627": {
+           "isolated": "\uFEFB",
+           "final": "\uFEFC"
+         },
+         "words": {
+           "\u0635\u0644\u06D2": "\uFDF0",
+           "\u0642\u0644\u06D2": "\uFDF1",
+           "\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647": "\uFDF2",
+           "\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631": "\uFDF3",
+           "\u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F": "\uFDF4",
+           "\u0635\u0644\u0639\u0645": "\uFDF5",
+           "\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644": "\uFDF6",
+           "\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0647": "\uFDF7",
+           "\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645": "\uFDF8",
+           "\u0635\u0644\u0649": "\uFDF9",
+           "\u0635\u0644\u0649\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645": "\uFDFA",
+           "\u062C\u0644\u062C\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647": "\uFDFB",
+           "\u0631\u06CC\u0627\u0644": "\uFDFC"
+         }
+       };
+
+       unicodeLigatures["default"] = ligatureReference;
+
+       Object.defineProperty(reference, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var unicode_arabic_1$3 = unicodeArabic;
+       var unicode_ligatures_1$2 = unicodeLigatures;
+       var letterList = Object.keys(unicode_arabic_1$3["default"]);
+       reference.letterList = letterList;
+       var ligatureList = Object.keys(unicode_ligatures_1$2["default"]);
+       reference.ligatureList = ligatureList;
+       var ligatureWordList = Object.keys(unicode_ligatures_1$2["default"].words);
+       reference.ligatureWordList = ligatureWordList;
+       var lams = "\u0644\u06B5\u06B6\u06B7\u06B8";
+       reference.lams = lams;
+       var alefs = "\u0627\u0622\u0623\u0625\u0671\u0672\u0673\u0675\u0773\u0774";
+       reference.alefs = alefs; // for (var l = 1; l < lams.length; l++) {
+       //   console.log('-');
+       //   for (var a = 0; a < alefs.length; a++) {
+       //     console.log(a + ': ' + lams[l] + alefs[a]);
+       //   }
+       // }
 
-               var rounds = this._Kd.length - 1;
-               var a = [0, 0, 0, 0];
+       var tashkeel = "\u0605\u0640\u0670\u0674\u06DF\u06E7\u06E8";
+       reference.tashkeel = tashkeel;
 
-               // convert plaintext to (ints ^ key)
-               var t = convertToInt32(ciphertext);
-               for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-                   t[i] ^= this._Kd[0][i];
-               }
+       function addToTashkeel(start, finish) {
+         for (var i = start; i <= finish; i++) {
+           reference.tashkeel = tashkeel += String.fromCharCode(i);
+         }
+       }
 
-               // apply round transforms
-               for (var r = 1; r < rounds; r++) {
-                   for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-                       a[i] = (T5[(t[ i          ] >> 24) & 0xff] ^
-                               T6[(t[(i + 3) % 4] >> 16) & 0xff] ^
-                               T7[(t[(i + 2) % 4] >>  8) & 0xff] ^
-                               T8[ t[(i + 1) % 4]        & 0xff] ^
-                               this._Kd[r][i]);
-                   }
-                   t = a.slice();
-               }
+       addToTashkeel(0x0610, 0x061A);
+       addToTashkeel(0x064B, 0x065F);
+       addToTashkeel(0x06D6, 0x06DC);
+       addToTashkeel(0x06E0, 0x06E4);
+       addToTashkeel(0x06EA, 0x06ED);
+       addToTashkeel(0x08D3, 0x08E1);
+       addToTashkeel(0x08E3, 0x08FF);
+       addToTashkeel(0xFE70, 0xFE7F);
+       var lineBreakers = "\u0627\u0629\u0648\u06C0\u06CF\u06FD\u06FE\u076B\u076C\u0771\u0773\u0774\u0778\u0779\u08E2\u08B1\u08B2\u08B9";
+       reference.lineBreakers = lineBreakers;
 
-               // the last round is special
-               var result = createArray(16), tt;
-               for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-                   tt = this._Kd[rounds][i];
-                   result[4 * i    ] = (Si[(t[ i         ] >> 24) & 0xff] ^ (tt >> 24)) & 0xff;
-                   result[4 * i + 1] = (Si[(t[(i + 3) % 4] >> 16) & 0xff] ^ (tt >> 16)) & 0xff;
-                   result[4 * i + 2] = (Si[(t[(i + 2) % 4] >>  8) & 0xff] ^ (tt >>  8)) & 0xff;
-                   result[4 * i + 3] = (Si[ t[(i + 1) % 4]        & 0xff] ^  tt       ) & 0xff;
-               }
+       function addToLineBreakers(start, finish) {
+         for (var i = start; i <= finish; i++) {
+           reference.lineBreakers = lineBreakers += String.fromCharCode(i);
+         }
+       }
 
-               return result;
-           };
+       addToLineBreakers(0x0600, 0x061F); // it's OK to include tashkeel in this range as it is ignored
 
+       addToLineBreakers(0x0621, 0x0625);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x062F, 0x0632);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x0660, 0x066D); // numerals, math
 
-           /**
-            *  Mode Of Operation - Electonic Codebook (ECB)
-            */
-           var ModeOfOperationECB = function(key) {
-               if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationECB)) {
-                   throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
-               }
+       addToLineBreakers(0x0671, 0x0677);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x0688, 0x0699);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x06C3, 0x06CB);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x06D2, 0x06F9);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x0759, 0x075B);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x08AA, 0x08AE);
+       addToLineBreakers(0xFB50, 0xFDFD); // presentation forms look like they could connect, but never do
+       // Presentation Forms A includes diacritics but they are meant to stand alone
 
-               this.description = "Electronic Code Block";
-               this.name = "ecb";
+       addToLineBreakers(0xFE80, 0xFEFC); // presentation forms look like they could connect, but never do
+       // numerals, math
 
-               this._aes = new AES(key);
-           };
+       addToLineBreakers(0x10E60, 0x10E7F);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x1EC70, 0x1ECBF);
+       addToLineBreakers(0x1EE00, 0x1EEFF);
 
-           ModeOfOperationECB.prototype.encrypt = function(plaintext) {
-               plaintext = coerceArray(plaintext);
+       Object.defineProperty(GlyphSplitter$1, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var isArabic_1$6 = isArabic$1;
+       var reference_1$5 = reference;
 
-               if ((plaintext.length % 16) !== 0) {
-                   throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
-               }
+       function GlyphSplitter(word) {
+         var letters = [];
+         var lastLetter = '';
+         word.split('').forEach(function (letter) {
+           if (isArabic_1$6.isArabic(letter)) {
+             if (reference_1$5.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+               letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
+             } else if (lastLetter.length && (reference_1$5.lams.indexOf(lastLetter) === 0 && reference_1$5.alefs.indexOf(letter) > -1 || reference_1$5.lams.indexOf(lastLetter) > 0 && reference_1$5.alefs.indexOf(letter) === 0)) {
+               // valid LA forms
+               letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
+             } else {
+               letters.push(letter);
+             }
+           } else {
+             letters.push(letter);
+           }
 
-               var ciphertext = createArray(plaintext.length);
-               var block = createArray(16);
+           if (reference_1$5.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) === -1) {
+             lastLetter = letter;
+           }
+         });
+         return letters;
+       }
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < plaintext.length; i += 16) {
-                   copyArray(plaintext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
-                   block = this._aes.encrypt(block);
-                   copyArray(block, ciphertext, i);
-               }
+       GlyphSplitter$1.GlyphSplitter = GlyphSplitter;
 
-               return ciphertext;
-           };
+       var BaselineSplitter$1 = {};
 
-           ModeOfOperationECB.prototype.decrypt = function(ciphertext) {
-               ciphertext = coerceArray(ciphertext);
+       Object.defineProperty(BaselineSplitter$1, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var isArabic_1$5 = isArabic$1;
+       var reference_1$4 = reference;
 
-               if ((ciphertext.length % 16) !== 0) {
-                   throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
-               }
+       function BaselineSplitter(word) {
+         var letters = [];
+         var lastLetter = '';
+         word.split('').forEach(function (letter) {
+           if (isArabic_1$5.isArabic(letter) && isArabic_1$5.isArabic(lastLetter)) {
+             if (lastLetter.length && reference_1$4.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+               letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
+             } else if (reference_1$4.lineBreakers.indexOf(lastLetter) > -1) {
+               letters.push(letter);
+             } else {
+               letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
+             }
+           } else {
+             letters.push(letter);
+           }
 
-               var plaintext = createArray(ciphertext.length);
-               var block = createArray(16);
+           if (reference_1$4.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) === -1) {
+             // don't allow tashkeel to hide line break
+             lastLetter = letter;
+           }
+         });
+         return letters;
+       }
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < ciphertext.length; i += 16) {
-                   copyArray(ciphertext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
-                   block = this._aes.decrypt(block);
-                   copyArray(block, plaintext, i);
-               }
+       BaselineSplitter$1.BaselineSplitter = BaselineSplitter;
 
-               return plaintext;
-           };
+       var Normalization = {};
 
+       Object.defineProperty(Normalization, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var unicode_arabic_1$2 = unicodeArabic;
+       var unicode_ligatures_1$1 = unicodeLigatures;
+       var isArabic_1$4 = isArabic$1;
+       var reference_1$3 = reference;
 
-           /**
-            *  Mode Of Operation - Cipher Block Chaining (CBC)
-            */
-           var ModeOfOperationCBC = function(key, iv) {
-               if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationCBC)) {
-                   throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
-               }
+       function Normal(word, breakPresentationForm) {
+         // default is to turn initial/isolated/medial/final presentation form to generic
+         if (typeof breakPresentationForm === 'undefined') {
+           breakPresentationForm = true;
+         }
 
-               this.description = "Cipher Block Chaining";
-               this.name = "cbc";
+         var returnable = '';
+         word.split('').forEach(function (letter) {
+           if (!isArabic_1$4.isArabic(letter)) {
+             returnable += letter;
+             return;
+           }
 
-               if (!iv) {
-                   iv = createArray(16);
+           for (var w = 0; w < reference_1$3.letterList.length; w++) {
+             // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
+             var letterForms = unicode_arabic_1$2["default"][reference_1$3.letterList[w]];
+             var versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
 
-               } else if (iv.length != 16) {
-                   throw new Error('invalid initialation vector size (must be 16 bytes)');
-               }
+             for (var v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
+               var localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
 
-               this._lastCipherblock = coerceArray(iv, true);
+               if (_typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
+                 // look at this embedded object
+                 var embeddedForms = Object.keys(localVersion);
 
-               this._aes = new AES(key);
-           };
+                 for (var ef = 0; ef < embeddedForms.length; ef++) {
+                   var form = localVersion[embeddedForms[ef]];
 
-           ModeOfOperationCBC.prototype.encrypt = function(plaintext) {
-               plaintext = coerceArray(plaintext);
+                   if (form === letter || _typeof(form) === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+                     // match
+                     // console.log('embedded match');
+                     if (form === letter) {
+                       // match exact
+                       if (breakPresentationForm && localVersion['normal'] && ['isolated', 'initial', 'medial', 'final'].indexOf(embeddedForms[ef]) > -1) {
+                         // replace presentation form
+                         // console.log('keeping normal form of the letter');
+                         if (_typeof(localVersion['normal']) === 'object') {
+                           returnable += localVersion['normal'][0];
+                         } else {
+                           returnable += localVersion['normal'];
+                         }
 
-               if ((plaintext.length % 16) !== 0) {
-                   throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
-               }
+                         return;
+                       } // console.log('keeping this letter');
 
-               var ciphertext = createArray(plaintext.length);
-               var block = createArray(16);
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < plaintext.length; i += 16) {
-                   copyArray(plaintext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
+                       returnable += letter;
+                       return;
+                     } else if (_typeof(form) === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+                       // match
+                       returnable += form[0]; // console.log('added the first letter from the same array');
 
-                   for (var j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
-                       block[j] ^= this._lastCipherblock[j];
+                       return;
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
+               } else if (localVersion === letter) {
+                 // match exact
+                 if (breakPresentationForm && letterForms['normal'] && ['isolated', 'initial', 'medial', 'final'].indexOf(versions[v]) > -1) {
+                   // replace presentation form
+                   // console.log('keeping normal form of the letter');
+                   if (_typeof(letterForms['normal']) === 'object') {
+                     returnable += letterForms['normal'][0];
+                   } else {
+                     returnable += letterForms['normal'];
                    }
 
-                   this._lastCipherblock = this._aes.encrypt(block);
-                   copyArray(this._lastCipherblock, ciphertext, i);
-               }
+                   return;
+                 } // console.log('keeping this letter');
 
-               return ciphertext;
-           };
 
-           ModeOfOperationCBC.prototype.decrypt = function(ciphertext) {
-               ciphertext = coerceArray(ciphertext);
+                 returnable += letter;
+                 return;
+               } else if (_typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+                 // match
+                 returnable += localVersion[0]; // console.log('added the first letter from the same array');
 
-               if ((ciphertext.length % 16) !== 0) {
-                   throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
+                 return;
                }
+             }
+           } // try ligatures
 
-               var plaintext = createArray(ciphertext.length);
-               var block = createArray(16);
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < ciphertext.length; i += 16) {
-                   copyArray(ciphertext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
-                   block = this._aes.decrypt(block);
+           for (var v2 = 0; v2 < reference_1$3.ligatureList.length; v2++) {
+             var normalForm = reference_1$3.ligatureList[v2];
 
-                   for (var j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
-                       plaintext[i + j] = block[j] ^ this._lastCipherblock[j];
-                   }
+             if (normalForm !== 'words') {
+               var ligForms = Object.keys(unicode_ligatures_1$1["default"][normalForm]);
 
-                   copyArray(ciphertext, this._lastCipherblock, 0, i, i + 16);
+               for (var f = 0; f < ligForms.length; f++) {
+                 if (unicode_ligatures_1$1["default"][normalForm][ligForms[f]] === letter) {
+                   returnable += normalForm;
+                   return;
+                 }
                }
+             }
+           } // try words ligatures
 
-               return plaintext;
-           };
 
+           for (var v3 = 0; v3 < reference_1$3.ligatureWordList.length; v3++) {
+             var _normalForm = reference_1$3.ligatureWordList[v3];
 
-           /**
-            *  Mode Of Operation - Cipher Feedback (CFB)
-            */
-           var ModeOfOperationCFB = function(key, iv, segmentSize) {
-               if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationCFB)) {
-                   throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
-               }
+             if (unicode_ligatures_1$1["default"].words[_normalForm] === letter) {
+               returnable += _normalForm;
+               return;
+             }
+           }
+
+           returnable += letter; // console.log('kept the letter')
+         });
+         return returnable;
+       }
 
-               this.description = "Cipher Feedback";
-               this.name = "cfb";
+       Normalization.Normal = Normal;
 
-               if (!iv) {
-                   iv = createArray(16);
+       var CharShaper$1 = {};
 
-               } else if (iv.length != 16) {
-                   throw new Error('invalid initialation vector size (must be 16 size)');
-               }
+       Object.defineProperty(CharShaper$1, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var unicode_arabic_1$1 = unicodeArabic;
+       var isArabic_1$3 = isArabic$1;
+       var reference_1$2 = reference;
 
-               if (!segmentSize) { segmentSize = 1; }
+       function CharShaper(letter, form) {
+         if (!isArabic_1$3.isArabic(letter)) {
+           // fail not Arabic
+           throw new Error('Not Arabic');
+         }
 
-               this.segmentSize = segmentSize;
+         if (letter === "\u0621") {
+           // hamza alone
+           return "\u0621";
+         }
 
-               this._shiftRegister = coerceArray(iv, true);
+         for (var w = 0; w < reference_1$2.letterList.length; w++) {
+           // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
+           var letterForms = unicode_arabic_1$1["default"][reference_1$2.letterList[w]];
+           var versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
 
-               this._aes = new AES(key);
-           };
+           for (var v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
+             var localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
 
-           ModeOfOperationCFB.prototype.encrypt = function(plaintext) {
-               if ((plaintext.length % this.segmentSize) != 0) {
-                   throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be segmentSize bytes)');
+             if (localVersion === letter || _typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+               if (versions.indexOf(form) > -1) {
+                 return letterForms[form];
                }
+             } else if (_typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
+               // check embedded
+               var embeddedVersions = Object.keys(localVersion);
 
-               var encrypted = coerceArray(plaintext, true);
-
-               var xorSegment;
-               for (var i = 0; i < encrypted.length; i += this.segmentSize) {
-                   xorSegment = this._aes.encrypt(this._shiftRegister);
-                   for (var j = 0; j < this.segmentSize; j++) {
-                       encrypted[i + j] ^= xorSegment[j];
+               for (var ev = 0; ev < embeddedVersions.length; ev++) {
+                 if (localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]] === letter || _typeof(localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]]) === 'object' && localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]].indexOf && localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]].indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+                   if (embeddedVersions.indexOf(form) > -1) {
+                     return localVersion[form];
                    }
-
-                   // Shift the register
-                   copyArray(this._shiftRegister, this._shiftRegister, 0, this.segmentSize);
-                   copyArray(encrypted, this._shiftRegister, 16 - this.segmentSize, i, i + this.segmentSize);
+                 }
                }
+             }
+           }
+         }
+       }
 
-               return encrypted;
-           };
+       CharShaper$1.CharShaper = CharShaper;
 
-           ModeOfOperationCFB.prototype.decrypt = function(ciphertext) {
-               if ((ciphertext.length % this.segmentSize) != 0) {
-                   throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be segmentSize bytes)');
-               }
+       var WordShaper$2 = {};
 
-               var plaintext = coerceArray(ciphertext, true);
+       Object.defineProperty(WordShaper$2, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var isArabic_1$2 = isArabic$1;
+       var reference_1$1 = reference;
+       var CharShaper_1$1 = CharShaper$1;
+       var unicode_ligatures_1 = unicodeLigatures;
 
-               var xorSegment;
-               for (var i = 0; i < plaintext.length; i += this.segmentSize) {
-                   xorSegment = this._aes.encrypt(this._shiftRegister);
+       function WordShaper$1(word) {
+         var state = 'initial';
+         var output = '';
 
-                   for (var j = 0; j < this.segmentSize; j++) {
-                       plaintext[i + j] ^= xorSegment[j];
-                   }
+         for (var w = 0; w < word.length; w++) {
+           var nextLetter = ' ';
 
-                   // Shift the register
-                   copyArray(this._shiftRegister, this._shiftRegister, 0, this.segmentSize);
-                   copyArray(ciphertext, this._shiftRegister, 16 - this.segmentSize, i, i + this.segmentSize);
-               }
+           for (var nxw = w + 1; nxw < word.length; nxw++) {
+             if (!isArabic_1$2.isArabic(word[nxw])) {
+               break;
+             }
 
-               return plaintext;
-           };
+             if (reference_1$1.tashkeel.indexOf(word[nxw]) === -1) {
+               nextLetter = word[nxw];
+               break;
+             }
+           }
 
-           /**
-            *  Mode Of Operation - Output Feedback (OFB)
-            */
-           var ModeOfOperationOFB = function(key, iv) {
-               if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationOFB)) {
-                   throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
-               }
+           if (!isArabic_1$2.isArabic(word[w]) || isArabic_1$2.isMath(word[w])) {
+             // space or other non-Arabic
+             output += word[w];
+             state = 'initial';
+           } else if (reference_1$1.tashkeel.indexOf(word[w]) > -1) {
+             // tashkeel - add without changing state
+             output += word[w];
+           } else if (nextLetter === ' ' // last Arabic letter in this word
+           || reference_1$1.lineBreakers.indexOf(word[w]) > -1) {
+             // the current letter is known to break lines
+             output += CharShaper_1$1.CharShaper(word[w], state === 'initial' ? 'isolated' : 'final');
+             state = 'initial';
+           } else if (reference_1$1.lams.indexOf(word[w]) > -1 && reference_1$1.alefs.indexOf(nextLetter) > -1) {
+             // LA letters - advance an additional letter after this
+             output += unicode_ligatures_1["default"][word[w] + nextLetter][state === 'initial' ? 'isolated' : 'final'];
+
+             while (word[w] !== nextLetter) {
+               w++;
+             }
 
-               this.description = "Output Feedback";
-               this.name = "ofb";
+             state = 'initial';
+           } else {
+             output += CharShaper_1$1.CharShaper(word[w], state);
+             state = 'medial';
+           }
+         }
 
-               if (!iv) {
-                   iv = createArray(16);
+         return output;
+       }
 
-               } else if (iv.length != 16) {
-                   throw new Error('invalid initialation vector size (must be 16 bytes)');
-               }
+       WordShaper$2.WordShaper = WordShaper$1;
 
-               this._lastPrecipher = coerceArray(iv, true);
-               this._lastPrecipherIndex = 16;
+       var ParentLetter$1 = {};
 
-               this._aes = new AES(key);
-           };
+       Object.defineProperty(ParentLetter$1, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var unicode_arabic_1 = unicodeArabic;
+       var isArabic_1$1 = isArabic$1;
+       var reference_1 = reference;
 
-           ModeOfOperationOFB.prototype.encrypt = function(plaintext) {
-               var encrypted = coerceArray(plaintext, true);
+       function ParentLetter(letter) {
+         if (!isArabic_1$1.isArabic(letter)) {
+           throw new Error('Not an Arabic letter');
+         }
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < encrypted.length; i++) {
-                   if (this._lastPrecipherIndex === 16) {
-                       this._lastPrecipher = this._aes.encrypt(this._lastPrecipher);
-                       this._lastPrecipherIndex = 0;
-                   }
-                   encrypted[i] ^= this._lastPrecipher[this._lastPrecipherIndex++];
-               }
+         for (var w = 0; w < reference_1.letterList.length; w++) {
+           // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
+           var letterForms = unicode_arabic_1["default"][reference_1.letterList[w]];
+           var versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
 
-               return encrypted;
-           };
+           for (var v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
+             var localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
 
-           // Decryption is symetric
-           ModeOfOperationOFB.prototype.decrypt = ModeOfOperationOFB.prototype.encrypt;
+             if (_typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
+               // look at this embedded object
+               var embeddedForms = Object.keys(localVersion);
 
+               for (var ef = 0; ef < embeddedForms.length; ef++) {
+                 var form = localVersion[embeddedForms[ef]];
 
-           /**
-            *  Counter object for CTR common mode of operation
-            */
-           var Counter = function(initialValue) {
-               if (!(this instanceof Counter)) {
-                   throw Error('Counter must be instanitated with `new`');
+                 if (form === letter || _typeof(form) === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+                   // match
+                   return localVersion;
+                 }
                }
+             } else if (localVersion === letter || _typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+               // match
+               return letterForms;
+             }
+           }
 
-               // We allow 0, but anything false-ish uses the default 1
-               if (initialValue !== 0 && !initialValue) { initialValue = 1; }
+           return null;
+         }
+       }
 
-               if (typeof(initialValue) === 'number') {
-                   this._counter = createArray(16);
-                   this.setValue(initialValue);
+       ParentLetter$1.ParentLetter = ParentLetter;
 
-               } else {
-                   this.setBytes(initialValue);
-               }
-           };
+       function GrandparentLetter(letter) {
+         if (!isArabic_1$1.isArabic(letter)) {
+           throw new Error('Not an Arabic letter');
+         }
 
-           Counter.prototype.setValue = function(value) {
-               if (typeof(value) !== 'number' || parseInt(value) != value) {
-                   throw new Error('invalid counter value (must be an integer)');
-               }
+         for (var w = 0; w < reference_1.letterList.length; w++) {
+           // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
+           var letterForms = unicode_arabic_1["default"][reference_1.letterList[w]];
+           var versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
 
-               // We cannot safely handle numbers beyond the safe range for integers
-               if (value > Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) {
-                   throw new Error('integer value out of safe range');
-               }
+           for (var v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
+             var localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
 
-               for (var index = 15; index >= 0; --index) {
-                   this._counter[index] = value % 256;
-                   value = parseInt(value / 256);
-               }
-           };
+             if (_typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
+               // look at this embedded object
+               var embeddedForms = Object.keys(localVersion);
 
-           Counter.prototype.setBytes = function(bytes) {
-               bytes = coerceArray(bytes, true);
+               for (var ef = 0; ef < embeddedForms.length; ef++) {
+                 var form = localVersion[embeddedForms[ef]];
 
-               if (bytes.length != 16) {
-                   throw new Error('invalid counter bytes size (must be 16 bytes)');
+                 if (form === letter || _typeof(form) === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+                   // match
+                   return letterForms;
+                 }
                }
+             } else if (localVersion === letter || _typeof(localVersion) === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
+               // match
+               return letterForms;
+             }
+           }
 
-               this._counter = bytes;
-           };
+           return null;
+         }
+       }
 
-           Counter.prototype.increment = function() {
-               for (var i = 15; i >= 0; i--) {
-                   if (this._counter[i] === 255) {
-                       this._counter[i] = 0;
-                   } else {
-                       this._counter[i]++;
-                       break;
-                   }
-               }
-           };
+       ParentLetter$1.GrandparentLetter = GrandparentLetter;
 
+       Object.defineProperty(lib, "__esModule", {
+         value: true
+       });
+       var isArabic_1 = isArabic$1;
+       lib.isArabic = isArabic_1.isArabic;
+       var GlyphSplitter_1 = GlyphSplitter$1;
+       lib.GlyphSplitter = GlyphSplitter_1.GlyphSplitter;
+       var BaselineSplitter_1 = BaselineSplitter$1;
+       lib.BaselineSplitter = BaselineSplitter_1.BaselineSplitter;
+       var Normalization_1 = Normalization;
+       lib.Normal = Normalization_1.Normal;
+       var CharShaper_1 = CharShaper$1;
+       lib.CharShaper = CharShaper_1.CharShaper;
+       var WordShaper_1 = WordShaper$2;
+       var WordShaper = lib.WordShaper = WordShaper_1.WordShaper;
+       var ParentLetter_1 = ParentLetter$1;
+       lib.ParentLetter = ParentLetter_1.ParentLetter;
+       lib.GrandparentLetter = ParentLetter_1.GrandparentLetter;
 
-           /**
-            *  Mode Of Operation - Counter (CTR)
-            */
-           var ModeOfOperationCTR = function(key, counter) {
-               if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationCTR)) {
-                   throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
-               }
+       var rtlRegex = /[\u0590-\u05FF\u0600-\u06FF\u0750-\u07BF\u08A0–\u08BF]/;
+       function fixRTLTextForSvg(inputText) {
+         var ret = '',
+             rtlBuffer = [];
+         var arabicRegex = /[\u0600-\u06FF]/g;
+         var arabicDiacritics = /[\u0610-\u061A\u064B-\u065F\u0670\u06D6-\u06ED]/g;
+         var arabicMath = /[\u0660-\u066C\u06F0-\u06F9]+/g;
+         var thaanaVowel = /[\u07A6-\u07B0]/;
+         var hebrewSign = /[\u0591-\u05bd\u05bf\u05c1-\u05c5\u05c7]/; // Arabic word shaping
 
-               this.description = "Counter";
-               this.name = "ctr";
+         if (arabicRegex.test(inputText)) {
+           inputText = WordShaper(inputText);
+         }
 
-               if (!(counter instanceof Counter)) {
-                   counter = new Counter(counter);
-               }
+         for (var n = 0; n < inputText.length; n++) {
+           var c = inputText[n];
 
-               this._counter = counter;
+           if (arabicMath.test(c)) {
+             // Arabic numbers go LTR
+             ret += rtlBuffer.reverse().join('');
+             rtlBuffer = [c];
+           } else {
+             if (rtlBuffer.length && arabicMath.test(rtlBuffer[rtlBuffer.length - 1])) {
+               ret += rtlBuffer.reverse().join('');
+               rtlBuffer = [];
+             }
+
+             if ((thaanaVowel.test(c) || hebrewSign.test(c) || arabicDiacritics.test(c)) && rtlBuffer.length) {
+               rtlBuffer[rtlBuffer.length - 1] += c;
+             } else if (rtlRegex.test(c) // include Arabic presentation forms
+             || c.charCodeAt(0) >= 64336 && c.charCodeAt(0) <= 65023 || c.charCodeAt(0) >= 65136 && c.charCodeAt(0) <= 65279) {
+               rtlBuffer.push(c);
+             } else if (c === ' ' && rtlBuffer.length) {
+               // whitespace within RTL text
+               rtlBuffer = [rtlBuffer.reverse().join('') + ' '];
+             } else {
+               // non-RTL character
+               ret += rtlBuffer.reverse().join('') + c;
+               rtlBuffer = [];
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-               this._remainingCounter = null;
-               this._remainingCounterIndex = 16;
+         ret += rtlBuffer.reverse().join('');
+         return ret;
+       }
 
-               this._aes = new AES(key);
-           };
+       var DESCRIPTORS$2 = descriptors;
+       var uncurryThis$b = functionUncurryThis;
+       var objectKeys = objectKeys$4;
+       var toIndexedObject = toIndexedObject$d;
+       var $propertyIsEnumerable = objectPropertyIsEnumerable.f;
 
-           ModeOfOperationCTR.prototype.encrypt = function(plaintext) {
-               var encrypted = coerceArray(plaintext, true);
+       var propertyIsEnumerable = uncurryThis$b($propertyIsEnumerable);
+       var push$2 = uncurryThis$b([].push);
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < encrypted.length; i++) {
-                   if (this._remainingCounterIndex === 16) {
-                       this._remainingCounter = this._aes.encrypt(this._counter._counter);
-                       this._remainingCounterIndex = 0;
-                       this._counter.increment();
-                   }
-                   encrypted[i] ^= this._remainingCounter[this._remainingCounterIndex++];
-               }
+       // `Object.{ entries, values }` methods implementation
+       var createMethod$1 = function (TO_ENTRIES) {
+         return function (it) {
+           var O = toIndexedObject(it);
+           var keys = objectKeys(O);
+           var length = keys.length;
+           var i = 0;
+           var result = [];
+           var key;
+           while (length > i) {
+             key = keys[i++];
+             if (!DESCRIPTORS$2 || propertyIsEnumerable(O, key)) {
+               push$2(result, TO_ENTRIES ? [key, O[key]] : O[key]);
+             }
+           }
+           return result;
+         };
+       };
 
-               return encrypted;
-           };
+       var objectToArray = {
+         // `Object.entries` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.entries
+         entries: createMethod$1(true),
+         // `Object.values` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.values
+         values: createMethod$1(false)
+       };
 
-           // Decryption is symetric
-           ModeOfOperationCTR.prototype.decrypt = ModeOfOperationCTR.prototype.encrypt;
+       var $$r = _export;
+       var $values = objectToArray.values;
 
+       // `Object.values` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.values
+       $$r({ target: 'Object', stat: true }, {
+         values: function values(O) {
+           return $values(O);
+         }
+       });
 
-           ///////////////////////
-           // Padding
+       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/772
+       // http://mathiasbynens.be/notes/localstorage-pattern#comment-9
+       var _storage;
 
-           // See:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2315
-           function pkcs7pad(data) {
-               data = coerceArray(data, true);
-               var padder = 16 - (data.length % 16);
-               var result = createArray(data.length + padder);
-               copyArray(data, result);
-               for (var i = data.length; i < result.length; i++) {
-                   result[i] = padder;
-               }
-               return result;
+       try {
+         _storage = localStorage;
+       } catch (e) {} // eslint-disable-line no-empty
+
+
+       _storage = _storage || function () {
+         var s = {};
+         return {
+           getItem: function getItem(k) {
+             return s[k];
+           },
+           setItem: function setItem(k, v) {
+             return s[k] = v;
+           },
+           removeItem: function removeItem(k) {
+             return delete s[k];
            }
+         };
+       }();
 
-           function pkcs7strip(data) {
-               data = coerceArray(data, true);
-               if (data.length < 16) { throw new Error('PKCS#7 invalid length'); }
+       var _listeners = {}; //
+       // corePreferences is an interface for persisting basic key-value strings
+       // within and between iD sessions on the same site.
+       //
 
-               var padder = data[data.length - 1];
-               if (padder > 16) { throw new Error('PKCS#7 padding byte out of range'); }
+       /**
+        * @param {string} k
+        * @param {string?} v
+        * @returns {boolean} true if the action succeeded
+        */
 
-               var length = data.length - padder;
-               for (var i = 0; i < padder; i++) {
-                   if (data[length + i] !== padder) {
-                       throw new Error('PKCS#7 invalid padding byte');
-                   }
-               }
+       function corePreferences(k, v) {
+         try {
+           if (v === undefined) return _storage.getItem(k);else if (v === null) _storage.removeItem(k);else _storage.setItem(k, v);
 
-               var result = createArray(length);
-               copyArray(data, result, 0, 0, length);
-               return result;
+           if (_listeners[k]) {
+             _listeners[k].forEach(function (handler) {
+               return handler(v);
+             });
            }
 
-           ///////////////////////
-           // Exporting
+           return true;
+         } catch (e) {
+           /* eslint-disable no-console */
+           if (typeof console !== 'undefined') {
+             console.error('localStorage quota exceeded');
+           }
+           /* eslint-enable no-console */
 
 
-           // The block cipher
-           var aesjs = {
-               AES: AES,
-               Counter: Counter,
-
-               ModeOfOperation: {
-                   ecb: ModeOfOperationECB,
-                   cbc: ModeOfOperationCBC,
-                   cfb: ModeOfOperationCFB,
-                   ofb: ModeOfOperationOFB,
-                   ctr: ModeOfOperationCTR
-               },
+           return false;
+         }
+       } // adds an event listener which is triggered whenever
 
-               utils: {
-                   hex: convertHex,
-                   utf8: convertUtf8
-               },
 
-               padding: {
-                   pkcs7: {
-                       pad: pkcs7pad,
-                       strip: pkcs7strip
-                   }
-               },
+       corePreferences.onChange = function (k, handler) {
+         _listeners[k] = _listeners[k] || [];
 
-               _arrayTest: {
-                   coerceArray: coerceArray,
-                   createArray: createArray,
-                   copyArray: copyArray,
-               }
-           };
+         _listeners[k].push(handler);
+       };
 
+       var vparse = {exports: {}};
 
-           // node.js
-           {
-               module.exports = aesjs;
+       (function (module) {
+         (function (window) {
 
-           // RequireJS/AMD
-           // http://www.requirejs.org/docs/api.html
-           // https://github.com/amdjs/amdjs-api/wiki/AMD
+           function parseVersion(v) {
+             var m = v.replace(/[^0-9.]/g, '').match(/[0-9]*\.|[0-9]+/g) || [];
+             v = {
+               major: +m[0] || 0,
+               minor: +m[1] || 0,
+               patch: +m[2] || 0,
+               build: +m[3] || 0
+             };
+             v.isEmpty = !v.major && !v.minor && !v.patch && !v.build;
+             v.parsed = [v.major, v.minor, v.patch, v.build];
+             v.text = v.parsed.join('.');
+             v.compare = compare;
+             return v;
            }
 
+           function compare(v) {
+             if (typeof v === 'string') {
+               v = parseVersion(v);
+             }
 
-       })();
-       });
+             for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+               if (this.parsed[i] !== v.parsed[i]) {
+                 return this.parsed[i] > v.parsed[i] ? 1 : -1;
+               }
+             }
 
-       // See https://github.com/ricmoo/aes-js
-       // We can use keys that are 128 bits (16 bytes), 192 bits (24 bytes) or 256 bits (32 bytes).
-       // To generate a random key:  window.crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(16));
+             return 0;
+           }
+           /* istanbul ignore next */
 
-       // This default signing key is built into iD and can be used to mask/unmask sensitive values.
-       const DEFAULT_128 = [250, 157, 60, 79, 142, 134, 229, 129, 138, 126, 210, 129, 29, 71, 160, 208];
 
+           if (module && 'object' === 'object') {
+             module.exports = parseVersion;
+           } else {
+             window.parseVersion = parseVersion;
+           }
+         })(commonjsGlobal);
+       })(vparse);
+
+       var parseVersion = vparse.exports;
+
+       var name = "iD";
+       var version = "2.20.4";
+       var description = "A friendly editor for OpenStreetMap";
+       var main = "dist/iD.min.js";
+       var repository = "github:openstreetmap/iD";
+       var homepage = "https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD";
+       var bugs = "https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues";
+       var keywords = ["editor","openstreetmap"];
+       var license = "ISC";
+       var scripts = {all:"npm-run-all -s clean build build:legacy dist",build:"npm-run-all -s build:css build:data build:dev","build:css":"node scripts/build_css.js","build:data":"shx mkdir -p dist/data && node scripts/build_data.js","build:dev":"rollup --config config/rollup.config.dev.js","build:legacy":"rollup --config config/rollup.config.legacy.js","build:stats":"rollup --config config/rollup.config.stats.js",clean:"shx rm -f dist/*.js dist/*.map dist/*.css dist/img/*.svg",dist:"npm-run-all -p dist:**","dist:mapillary":"shx mkdir -p dist/mapillary-js && shx cp -R node_modules/mapillary-js/dist/* dist/mapillary-js/","dist:pannellum":"shx mkdir -p dist/pannellum-streetside && shx cp -R node_modules/pannellum/build/* dist/pannellum-streetside/","dist:min:iD":"uglifyjs dist/iD.legacy.js --compress --mangle --output dist/iD.min.js","dist:svg:iD":"svg-sprite --symbol --symbol-dest . --shape-id-generator \"iD-%s\" --symbol-sprite dist/img/iD-sprite.svg \"svg/iD-sprite/**/*.svg\"","dist:svg:community":"svg-sprite --symbol --symbol-dest . --shape-id-generator \"community-%s\" --symbol-sprite dist/img/community-sprite.svg node_modules/osm-community-index/dist/img/*.svg","dist:svg:fa":"svg-sprite --symbol --symbol-dest . --symbol-sprite dist/img/fa-sprite.svg svg/fontawesome/*.svg","dist:svg:maki":"svg-sprite --symbol --symbol-dest . --shape-id-generator \"maki-%s\" --symbol-sprite dist/img/maki-sprite.svg node_modules/@mapbox/maki/icons/*.svg","dist:svg:mapillary:signs":"svg-sprite --symbol --symbol-dest . --symbol-sprite dist/img/mapillary-sprite.svg node_modules/mapillary_sprite_source/package_signs/*.svg","dist:svg:mapillary:objects":"svg-sprite --symbol --symbol-dest . --symbol-sprite dist/img/mapillary-object-sprite.svg node_modules/mapillary_sprite_source/package_objects/*.svg","dist:svg:temaki":"svg-sprite --symbol --symbol-dest . --shape-id-generator \"temaki-%s\" --symbol-sprite dist/img/temaki-sprite.svg node_modules/@ideditor/temaki/icons/*.svg",imagery:"node scripts/update_imagery.js",lint:"eslint scripts test/spec modules","lint:fix":"eslint scripts test/spec modules --fix",start:"npm-run-all -s build start:server",quickstart:"npm-run-all -s build:dev start:server","start:server":"node scripts/server.js",test:"npm-run-all -s lint build test:spec","test:spec":"karma start karma.conf.js",translations:"node scripts/update_locales.js"};
+       var dependencies = {"@ideditor/country-coder":"~5.0.3","@ideditor/location-conflation":"~1.0.2","@mapbox/geojson-area":"^0.2.2","@mapbox/sexagesimal":"1.2.0","@mapbox/vector-tile":"^1.3.1","@tmcw/togeojson":"^4.5.0","@turf/bbox-clip":"^6.0.0","abortcontroller-polyfill":"^1.4.0","aes-js":"^3.1.2","alif-toolkit":"^1.2.9","core-js":"^3.6.5",diacritics:"1.3.0","fast-deep-equal":"~3.1.1","fast-json-stable-stringify":"2.1.0","lodash-es":"~4.17.15",marked:"~2.0.0","node-diff3":"2.1.0","osm-auth":"1.1.0",pannellum:"2.5.6",pbf:"^3.2.1","polygon-clipping":"~0.15.1",rbush:"3.0.1","whatwg-fetch":"^3.4.1","which-polygon":"2.2.0"};
+       var devDependencies = {"@babel/core":"^7.11.6","@babel/preset-env":"^7.11.5","@fortawesome/fontawesome-svg-core":"^1.2.32","@fortawesome/free-brands-svg-icons":"~5.15.1","@fortawesome/free-regular-svg-icons":"~5.15.1","@fortawesome/free-solid-svg-icons":"~5.15.1","@ideditor/temaki":"~5.0.0","@mapbox/maki":"^6.0.0","@rollup/plugin-babel":"^5.2.1","@rollup/plugin-commonjs":"^21.0.0","@rollup/plugin-json":"^4.0.1","@rollup/plugin-node-resolve":"~13.0.5",autoprefixer:"^10.0.1",btoa:"^1.2.1",chai:"^4.3.4","cldr-core":"37.0.0","cldr-localenames-full":"37.0.0",chalk:"^4.1.2","concat-files":"^0.1.1",d3:"~6.6.0","editor-layer-index":"github:osmlab/editor-layer-index#gh-pages",eslint:"^7.1.0","fetch-mock":"^9.11.0",gaze:"^1.1.3",glob:"^7.1.0",happen:"^0.3.2","js-yaml":"^4.0.0","json-stringify-pretty-compact":"^3.0.0",karma:"^6.3.5","karma-chrome-launcher":"^3.1.0","karma-coverage":"^2.0.3","karma-mocha":"^2.0.1","karma-remap-istanbul":"^0.6.0",mapillary_sprite_source:"^1.8.0","mapillary-js":"4.0.0",minimist:"^1.2.3",mocha:"^8.4.0","name-suggestion-index":"~6.0","node-fetch":"^2.6.1","npm-run-all":"^4.0.0","object-inspect":"1.10.3","osm-community-index":"~5.1.0",postcss:"^8.1.1","postcss-selector-prepend":"^0.5.0",rollup:"~2.52.8","rollup-plugin-includepaths":"~0.2.3","rollup-plugin-progress":"^1.1.1","rollup-plugin-visualizer":"~4.2.0",shelljs:"^0.8.0",shx:"^0.3.0",sinon:"^11.1.2","sinon-chai":"^3.7.0",smash:"0.0","static-server":"^2.2.1","svg-sprite":"1.5.1","uglify-js":"~3.13.0",vparse:"~1.1.0"};
+       var engines = {node:">=10"};
+       var browserslist = ["> 0.2%, last 6 major versions, Firefox ESR, IE 11, maintained node versions"];
+       var packageJSON = {
+       name: name,
+       version: version,
+       description: description,
+       main: main,
+       repository: repository,
+       homepage: homepage,
+       bugs: bugs,
+       keywords: keywords,
+       license: license,
+       scripts: scripts,
+       dependencies: dependencies,
+       devDependencies: devDependencies,
+       engines: engines,
+       browserslist: browserslist
+       };
+
+       var _mainFileFetcher = coreFileFetcher(); // singleton
+       // coreFileFetcher asynchronously fetches data from JSON files
+       //
 
-       function utilAesEncrypt(text, key) {
-         key = key || DEFAULT_128;
-         const textBytes = aesJs.utils.utf8.toBytes(text);
-         const aesCtr = new aesJs.ModeOfOperation.ctr(key);
-         const encryptedBytes = aesCtr.encrypt(textBytes);
-         const encryptedHex = aesJs.utils.hex.fromBytes(encryptedBytes);
-         return encryptedHex;
-       }
+       function coreFileFetcher() {
+         var ociVersion = packageJSON.devDependencies['osm-community-index'];
+         var v = parseVersion(ociVersion);
+         var vMinor = "".concat(v.major, ".").concat(v.minor);
+         var _this = {};
+         var _inflight = {};
+         var _fileMap = {
+           'address_formats': 'data/address_formats.min.json',
+           'deprecated': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@openstreetmap/id-tagging-schema@3/dist/deprecated.min.json',
+           'discarded': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@openstreetmap/id-tagging-schema@3/dist/discarded.min.json',
+           'imagery': 'data/imagery.min.json',
+           'intro_graph': 'data/intro_graph.min.json',
+           'keepRight': 'data/keepRight.min.json',
+           'languages': 'data/languages.min.json',
+           'locales': 'locales/index.min.json',
+           'oci_defaults': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/osm-community-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/defaults.min.json"),
+           'oci_features': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/osm-community-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/featureCollection.min.json"),
+           'oci_resources': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/osm-community-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/resources.min.json"),
+           'preset_categories': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@openstreetmap/id-tagging-schema@3/dist/preset_categories.min.json',
+           'preset_defaults': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@openstreetmap/id-tagging-schema@3/dist/preset_defaults.min.json',
+           'preset_fields': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@openstreetmap/id-tagging-schema@3/dist/fields.min.json',
+           'preset_presets': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@openstreetmap/id-tagging-schema@3/dist/presets.min.json',
+           'phone_formats': 'data/phone_formats.min.json',
+           'qa_data': 'data/qa_data.min.json',
+           'shortcuts': 'data/shortcuts.min.json',
+           'territory_languages': 'data/territory_languages.min.json',
+           'wmf_sitematrix': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/wmf-sitematrix@0.1/wikipedia.min.json'
+         };
+         var _cachedData = {}; // expose the cache; useful for tests
 
+         _this.cache = function () {
+           return _cachedData;
+         }; // Returns a Promise to fetch data
+         // (resolved with the data if we have it already)
 
-       function utilAesDecrypt(encryptedHex, key) {
-         key = key || DEFAULT_128;
-         const encryptedBytes = aesJs.utils.hex.toBytes(encryptedHex);
-         const aesCtr = new aesJs.ModeOfOperation.ctr(key);
-         const decryptedBytes = aesCtr.decrypt(encryptedBytes);
-         const text = aesJs.utils.utf8.fromBytes(decryptedBytes);
-         return text;
-       }
 
-       function utilCleanTags(tags) {
-           var out = {};
-           for (var k in tags) {
-               if (!k) continue;
-               var v = tags[k];
-               if (v !== undefined) {
-                   out[k] = cleanValue(k, v);
-               }
+         _this.get = function (which) {
+           if (_cachedData[which]) {
+             return Promise.resolve(_cachedData[which]);
            }
 
-           return out;
+           var file = _fileMap[which];
 
+           var url = file && _this.asset(file);
 
-           function cleanValue(k, v) {
-               function keepSpaces(k) {
-                   return /_hours|_times|:conditional$/.test(k);
-               }
+           if (!url) {
+             return Promise.reject("Unknown data file for \"".concat(which, "\""));
+           }
 
-               function skip(k) {
-                   return /^(description|note|fixme)$/.test(k);
-               }
+           var prom = _inflight[url];
 
-               if (skip(k)) return v;
+           if (!prom) {
+             _inflight[url] = prom = fetch(url).then(function (response) {
+               // fetch in PhantomJS tests may return ok=false and status=0 even if it's okay
+               if (!response.ok && response.status !== 0 || !response.json) {
+                 throw new Error(response.status + ' ' + response.statusText);
+               }
 
-               var cleaned = v
-                   .split(';')
-                   .map(function(s) { return s.trim(); })
-                   .join(keepSpaces(k) ? '; ' : ';');
+               if (response.status === 204 || response.status === 205) return; // No Content, Reset Content
 
-               // The code below is not intended to validate websites and emails.
-               // It is only intended to prevent obvious copy-paste errors. (#2323)
-               // clean website- and email-like tags
-               if (k.indexOf('website') !== -1 ||
-                   k.indexOf('email') !== -1 ||
-                   cleaned.indexOf('http') === 0) {
-                   cleaned = cleaned
-                       .replace(/[\u200B-\u200F\uFEFF]/g, '');  // strip LRM and other zero width chars
+               return response.json();
+             }).then(function (result) {
+               delete _inflight[url];
 
+               if (!result) {
+                 throw new Error("No data loaded for \"".concat(which, "\""));
                }
 
-               return cleaned;
+               _cachedData[which] = result;
+               return result;
+             })["catch"](function (err) {
+               delete _inflight[url];
+               throw err;
+             });
            }
-       }
 
-       // Like selection.property('value', ...), but avoids no-op value sets,
-       // which can result in layout/repaint thrashing in some situations.
-       function utilGetSetValue(selection, value) {
-           function d3_selection_value(value) {
-               function valueNull() {
-                   delete this.value;
-               }
+           return prom;
+         }; // Accessor for the file map
 
-               function valueConstant() {
-                   if (this.value !== value) {
-                       this.value = value;
-                   }
-               }
 
-               function valueFunction() {
-                   var x = value.apply(this, arguments);
-                   if (x == null) {
-                       delete this.value;
-                   } else if (this.value !== x) {
-                       this.value = x;
-                   }
-               }
+         _this.fileMap = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _fileMap;
+           _fileMap = val;
+           return _this;
+         };
 
-               return value == null
-                   ? valueNull : (typeof value === 'function'
-                   ? valueFunction : valueConstant);
-           }
+         var _assetPath = '';
 
-           if (arguments.length === 1) {
-               return selection.property('value');
-           }
+         _this.assetPath = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _assetPath;
+           _assetPath = val;
+           return _this;
+         };
 
-           return selection.each(d3_selection_value(value));
-       }
+         var _assetMap = {};
 
-       function utilKeybinding(namespace) {
-           var _keybindings = {};
-
-
-           function testBindings(isCapturing) {
-               var didMatch = false;
-               var bindings = Object.keys(_keybindings).map(function(id) { return _keybindings[id]; });
-               var i, binding;
-
-               // Most key shortcuts will accept either lower or uppercase ('h' or 'H'),
-               // so we don't strictly match on the shift key, but we prioritize
-               // shifted keybindings first, and fallback to unshifted only if no match.
-               // (This lets us differentiate between '←'/'⇧←' or '⌘Z'/'⌘⇧Z')
-
-               // priority match shifted keybindings first
-               for (i = 0; i < bindings.length; i++) {
-                   binding = bindings[i];
-                   if (!binding.event.modifiers.shiftKey) continue;  // no shift
-                   if (!!binding.capture !== isCapturing) continue;
-                   if (matches(binding, true)) {
-                       binding.callback();
-                       didMatch = true;
-                   }
-               }
+         _this.assetMap = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _assetMap;
+           _assetMap = val;
+           return _this;
+         };
 
-               // then unshifted keybindings
-               if (didMatch) return;
-               for (i = 0; i < bindings.length; i++) {
-                   binding = bindings[i];
-                   if (binding.event.modifiers.shiftKey) continue;   // shift
-                   if (!!binding.capture !== isCapturing) continue;
-                   if (matches(binding, false)) {
-                       binding.callback();
-                   }
-               }
+         _this.asset = function (val) {
+           if (/^http(s)?:\/\//i.test(val)) return val;
+           var filename = _assetPath + val;
+           return _assetMap[filename] || filename;
+         };
 
+         return _this;
+       }
 
-               function matches(binding, testShift) {
-                   var event$1 = event;
-                   var isMatch = false;
-                   var tryKeyCode = true;
+       var global$9 = global$1o;
+       var toIntegerOrInfinity$1 = toIntegerOrInfinity$b;
+       var toString$7 = toString$k;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$6 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
 
-                   // Prefer a match on `KeyboardEvent.key`
-                   if (event$1.key !== undefined) {
-                       tryKeyCode = (event$1.key.charCodeAt(0) > 255);  // outside ISO-Latin-1
-                       isMatch = true;
+       var RangeError$5 = global$9.RangeError;
 
-                       if (binding.event.key === undefined) {
-                           isMatch = false;
-                       } else if (Array.isArray(binding.event.key)) {
-                           if (binding.event.key.map(function(s) { return s.toLowerCase(); }).indexOf(event$1.key.toLowerCase()) === -1)
-                               isMatch = false;
-                       } else {
-                           if (event$1.key.toLowerCase() !== binding.event.key.toLowerCase())
-                               isMatch = false;
-                       }
-                   }
+       // `String.prototype.repeat` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.repeat
+       var stringRepeat = function repeat(count) {
+         var str = toString$7(requireObjectCoercible$6(this));
+         var result = '';
+         var n = toIntegerOrInfinity$1(count);
+         if (n < 0 || n == Infinity) throw RangeError$5('Wrong number of repetitions');
+         for (;n > 0; (n >>>= 1) && (str += str)) if (n & 1) result += str;
+         return result;
+       };
 
-                   // Fallback match on `KeyboardEvent.keyCode`, can happen if:
-                   // - browser doesn't support `KeyboardEvent.key`
-                   // - `KeyboardEvent.key` is outside ISO-Latin-1 range (cyrillic?)
-                   if (!isMatch && tryKeyCode) {
-                       isMatch = (event$1.keyCode === binding.event.keyCode);
-                   }
+       var $$q = _export;
+       var global$8 = global$1o;
+       var uncurryThis$a = functionUncurryThis;
+       var toIntegerOrInfinity = toIntegerOrInfinity$b;
+       var thisNumberValue$1 = thisNumberValue$3;
+       var $repeat$1 = stringRepeat;
+       var fails$7 = fails$V;
 
-                   if (!isMatch) return false;
+       var RangeError$4 = global$8.RangeError;
+       var String$1 = global$8.String;
+       var floor$2 = Math.floor;
+       var repeat$2 = uncurryThis$a($repeat$1);
+       var stringSlice$3 = uncurryThis$a(''.slice);
+       var un$ToFixed = uncurryThis$a(1.0.toFixed);
 
-                   // test modifier keys
-                   if (!(event$1.ctrlKey && event$1.altKey)) {  // if both are set, assume AltGr and skip it - #4096
-                       if (event$1.ctrlKey !== binding.event.modifiers.ctrlKey) return false;
-                       if (event$1.altKey !== binding.event.modifiers.altKey) return false;
-                   }
-                   if (event$1.metaKey !== binding.event.modifiers.metaKey) return false;
-                   if (testShift && event$1.shiftKey !== binding.event.modifiers.shiftKey) return false;
+       var pow$1 = function (x, n, acc) {
+         return n === 0 ? acc : n % 2 === 1 ? pow$1(x, n - 1, acc * x) : pow$1(x * x, n / 2, acc);
+       };
 
-                   return true;
-               }
-           }
+       var log = function (x) {
+         var n = 0;
+         var x2 = x;
+         while (x2 >= 4096) {
+           n += 12;
+           x2 /= 4096;
+         }
+         while (x2 >= 2) {
+           n += 1;
+           x2 /= 2;
+         } return n;
+       };
 
+       var multiply = function (data, n, c) {
+         var index = -1;
+         var c2 = c;
+         while (++index < 6) {
+           c2 += n * data[index];
+           data[index] = c2 % 1e7;
+           c2 = floor$2(c2 / 1e7);
+         }
+       };
+
+       var divide = function (data, n) {
+         var index = 6;
+         var c = 0;
+         while (--index >= 0) {
+           c += data[index];
+           data[index] = floor$2(c / n);
+           c = (c % n) * 1e7;
+         }
+       };
 
-           function capture() {
-               testBindings(true);
+       var dataToString = function (data) {
+         var index = 6;
+         var s = '';
+         while (--index >= 0) {
+           if (s !== '' || index === 0 || data[index] !== 0) {
+             var t = String$1(data[index]);
+             s = s === '' ? t : s + repeat$2('0', 7 - t.length) + t;
            }
+         } return s;
+       };
 
+       var FORCED$6 = fails$7(function () {
+         return un$ToFixed(0.00008, 3) !== '0.000' ||
+           un$ToFixed(0.9, 0) !== '1' ||
+           un$ToFixed(1.255, 2) !== '1.25' ||
+           un$ToFixed(1000000000000000128.0, 0) !== '1000000000000000128';
+       }) || !fails$7(function () {
+         // V8 ~ Android 4.3-
+         un$ToFixed({});
+       });
 
-           function bubble() {
-               var tagName = select(event.target).node().tagName;
-               if (tagName === 'INPUT' || tagName === 'SELECT' || tagName === 'TEXTAREA') {
-                   return;
-               }
-               testBindings(false);
+       // `Number.prototype.toFixed` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-number.prototype.tofixed
+       $$q({ target: 'Number', proto: true, forced: FORCED$6 }, {
+         toFixed: function toFixed(fractionDigits) {
+           var number = thisNumberValue$1(this);
+           var fractDigits = toIntegerOrInfinity(fractionDigits);
+           var data = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0];
+           var sign = '';
+           var result = '0';
+           var e, z, j, k;
+
+           // TODO: ES2018 increased the maximum number of fraction digits to 100, need to improve the implementation
+           if (fractDigits < 0 || fractDigits > 20) throw RangeError$4('Incorrect fraction digits');
+           // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare -- NaN check
+           if (number != number) return 'NaN';
+           if (number <= -1e21 || number >= 1e21) return String$1(number);
+           if (number < 0) {
+             sign = '-';
+             number = -number;
+           }
+           if (number > 1e-21) {
+             e = log(number * pow$1(2, 69, 1)) - 69;
+             z = e < 0 ? number * pow$1(2, -e, 1) : number / pow$1(2, e, 1);
+             z *= 0x10000000000000;
+             e = 52 - e;
+             if (e > 0) {
+               multiply(data, 0, z);
+               j = fractDigits;
+               while (j >= 7) {
+                 multiply(data, 1e7, 0);
+                 j -= 7;
+               }
+               multiply(data, pow$1(10, j, 1), 0);
+               j = e - 1;
+               while (j >= 23) {
+                 divide(data, 1 << 23);
+                 j -= 23;
+               }
+               divide(data, 1 << j);
+               multiply(data, 1, 1);
+               divide(data, 2);
+               result = dataToString(data);
+             } else {
+               multiply(data, 0, z);
+               multiply(data, 1 << -e, 0);
+               result = dataToString(data) + repeat$2('0', fractDigits);
+             }
            }
+           if (fractDigits > 0) {
+             k = result.length;
+             result = sign + (k <= fractDigits
+               ? '0.' + repeat$2('0', fractDigits - k) + result
+               : stringSlice$3(result, 0, k - fractDigits) + '.' + stringSlice$3(result, k - fractDigits));
+           } else {
+             result = sign + result;
+           } return result;
+         }
+       });
 
+       var global$7 = global$1o;
 
-           function keybinding(selection) {
-               selection = selection || select(document);
-               selection.on('keydown.capture.' + namespace, capture, true);
-               selection.on('keydown.bubble.' + namespace, bubble, false);
-               return keybinding;
-           }
+       var globalIsFinite = global$7.isFinite;
 
-           // was: keybinding.off()
-           keybinding.unbind = function(selection) {
-               _keybindings = [];
-               selection = selection || select(document);
-               selection.on('keydown.capture.' + namespace, null);
-               selection.on('keydown.bubble.' + namespace, null);
-               return keybinding;
-           };
+       // `Number.isFinite` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-number.isfinite
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-number-isfinite -- safe
+       var numberIsFinite$1 = Number.isFinite || function isFinite(it) {
+         return typeof it == 'number' && globalIsFinite(it);
+       };
 
+       var $$p = _export;
+       var numberIsFinite = numberIsFinite$1;
 
-           keybinding.clear = function() {
-               _keybindings = {};
-               return keybinding;
-           };
+       // `Number.isFinite` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-number.isfinite
+       $$p({ target: 'Number', stat: true }, { isFinite: numberIsFinite });
 
+       var $$o = _export;
+       var global$6 = global$1o;
+       var uncurryThis$9 = functionUncurryThis;
+       var toAbsoluteIndex = toAbsoluteIndex$9;
 
-           // Remove one or more keycode bindings.
-           keybinding.off = function(codes, capture) {
-               var arr = utilArrayUniq([].concat(codes));
+       var RangeError$3 = global$6.RangeError;
+       var fromCharCode$1 = String.fromCharCode;
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-string-fromcodepoint -- required for testing
+       var $fromCodePoint = String.fromCodePoint;
+       var join$2 = uncurryThis$9([].join);
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-                   var id = arr[i] + (capture ? '-capture' : '-bubble');
-                   delete _keybindings[id];
-               }
-               return keybinding;
-           };
+       // length should be 1, old FF problem
+       var INCORRECT_LENGTH = !!$fromCodePoint && $fromCodePoint.length != 1;
+
+       // `String.fromCodePoint` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.fromcodepoint
+       $$o({ target: 'String', stat: true, forced: INCORRECT_LENGTH }, {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+         fromCodePoint: function fromCodePoint(x) {
+           var elements = [];
+           var length = arguments.length;
+           var i = 0;
+           var code;
+           while (length > i) {
+             code = +arguments[i++];
+             if (toAbsoluteIndex(code, 0x10FFFF) !== code) throw RangeError$3(code + ' is not a valid code point');
+             elements[i] = code < 0x10000
+               ? fromCharCode$1(code)
+               : fromCharCode$1(((code -= 0x10000) >> 10) + 0xD800, code % 0x400 + 0xDC00);
+           } return join$2(elements, '');
+         }
+       });
 
+       var call$1 = functionCall;
+       var fixRegExpWellKnownSymbolLogic = fixRegexpWellKnownSymbolLogic;
+       var anObject = anObject$n;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$5 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var sameValue = sameValue$1;
+       var toString$6 = toString$k;
+       var getMethod = getMethod$7;
+       var regExpExec = regexpExecAbstract;
+
+       // @@search logic
+       fixRegExpWellKnownSymbolLogic('search', function (SEARCH, nativeSearch, maybeCallNative) {
+         return [
+           // `String.prototype.search` method
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.search
+           function search(regexp) {
+             var O = requireObjectCoercible$5(this);
+             var searcher = regexp == undefined ? undefined : getMethod(regexp, SEARCH);
+             return searcher ? call$1(searcher, regexp, O) : new RegExp(regexp)[SEARCH](toString$6(O));
+           },
+           // `RegExp.prototype[@@search]` method
+           // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype-@@search
+           function (string) {
+             var rx = anObject(this);
+             var S = toString$6(string);
+             var res = maybeCallNative(nativeSearch, rx, S);
+
+             if (res.done) return res.value;
+
+             var previousLastIndex = rx.lastIndex;
+             if (!sameValue(previousLastIndex, 0)) rx.lastIndex = 0;
+             var result = regExpExec(rx, S);
+             if (!sameValue(rx.lastIndex, previousLastIndex)) rx.lastIndex = previousLastIndex;
+             return result === null ? -1 : result.index;
+           }
+         ];
+       });
 
-           // Add one or more keycode bindings.
-           keybinding.on = function(codes, callback, capture) {
-               if (typeof callback !== 'function') {
-                   return keybinding.off(codes, capture);
-               }
-
-               var arr = utilArrayUniq([].concat(codes));
-
-               for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-                   var id = arr[i] + (capture ? '-capture' : '-bubble');
-                   var binding = {
-                       id: id,
-                       capture: capture,
-                       callback: callback,
-                       event: {
-                           key: undefined,  // preferred
-                           keyCode: 0,      // fallback
-                           modifiers: {
-                               shiftKey: false,
-                               ctrlKey: false,
-                               altKey: false,
-                               metaKey: false
-                           }
-                       }
-                   };
+       var rbush$2 = {exports: {}};
 
-                   if (_keybindings[id]) {
-                       console.warn('warning: duplicate keybinding for "' + id + '"'); // eslint-disable-line no-console
-                   }
+       var quickselect$2 = {exports: {}};
 
-                   _keybindings[id] = binding;
+       (function (module, exports) {
+         (function (global, factory) {
+           module.exports = factory() ;
+         })(commonjsGlobal, function () {
 
-                   var matches = arr[i].toLowerCase().match(/(?:(?:[^+⇧⌃⌥⌘])+|[⇧⌃⌥⌘]|\+\+|^\+$)/g);
-                   for (var j = 0; j < matches.length; j++) {
-                       // Normalise matching errors
-                       if (matches[j] === '++') matches[j] = '+';
+           function quickselect(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
+             quickselectStep(arr, k, left || 0, right || arr.length - 1, compare || defaultCompare);
+           }
 
-                       if (matches[j] in utilKeybinding.modifierCodes) {
-                           var prop = utilKeybinding.modifierProperties[utilKeybinding.modifierCodes[matches[j]]];
-                           binding.event.modifiers[prop] = true;
-                       } else {
-                           binding.event.key = utilKeybinding.keys[matches[j]] || matches[j];
-                           if (matches[j] in utilKeybinding.keyCodes) {
-                               binding.event.keyCode = utilKeybinding.keyCodes[matches[j]];
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
+           function quickselectStep(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
+             while (right > left) {
+               if (right - left > 600) {
+                 var n = right - left + 1;
+                 var m = k - left + 1;
+                 var z = Math.log(n);
+                 var s = 0.5 * Math.exp(2 * z / 3);
+                 var sd = 0.5 * Math.sqrt(z * s * (n - s) / n) * (m - n / 2 < 0 ? -1 : 1);
+                 var newLeft = Math.max(left, Math.floor(k - m * s / n + sd));
+                 var newRight = Math.min(right, Math.floor(k + (n - m) * s / n + sd));
+                 quickselectStep(arr, k, newLeft, newRight, compare);
                }
 
-               return keybinding;
-           };
+               var t = arr[k];
+               var i = left;
+               var j = right;
+               swap(arr, left, k);
+               if (compare(arr[right], t) > 0) swap(arr, left, right);
 
+               while (i < j) {
+                 swap(arr, i, j);
+                 i++;
+                 j--;
 
-           return keybinding;
-       }
+                 while (compare(arr[i], t) < 0) {
+                   i++;
+                 }
 
+                 while (compare(arr[j], t) > 0) {
+                   j--;
+                 }
+               }
 
-       /*
-        * See https://github.com/keithamus/jwerty
-        */
+               if (compare(arr[left], t) === 0) swap(arr, left, j);else {
+                 j++;
+                 swap(arr, j, right);
+               }
+               if (j <= k) left = j + 1;
+               if (k <= j) right = j - 1;
+             }
+           }
 
-       utilKeybinding.modifierCodes = {
-           // Shift key, ⇧
-           '⇧': 16, shift: 16,
-           // CTRL key, on Mac: ⌃
-           '⌃': 17, ctrl: 17,
-           // ALT key, on Mac: ⌥ (Alt)
-           '⌥': 18, alt: 18, option: 18,
-           // META, on Mac: ⌘ (CMD), on Windows (Win), on Linux (Super)
-           '⌘': 91, meta: 91, cmd: 91, 'super': 91, win: 91
-       };
+           function swap(arr, i, j) {
+             var tmp = arr[i];
+             arr[i] = arr[j];
+             arr[j] = tmp;
+           }
 
-       utilKeybinding.modifierProperties = {
-           16: 'shiftKey',
-           17: 'ctrlKey',
-           18: 'altKey',
-           91: 'metaKey'
-       };
+           function defaultCompare(a, b) {
+             return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
+           }
 
-       utilKeybinding.keys = {
-           // Backspace key, on Mac: ⌫ (Backspace)
-           '⌫': 'Backspace', backspace: 'Backspace',
-           // Tab Key, on Mac: ⇥ (Tab), on Windows ⇥⇥
-           '⇥': 'Tab', '⇆': 'Tab', tab: 'Tab',
-           // Return key, ↩
-           '↩': 'Enter', 'return': 'Enter', enter: 'Enter', '⌅': 'Enter',
-           // Pause/Break key
-           'pause': 'Pause', 'pause-break': 'Pause',
-           // Caps Lock key, ⇪
-           '⇪': 'CapsLock', caps: 'CapsLock', 'caps-lock': 'CapsLock',
-           // Escape key, on Mac: ⎋, on Windows: Esc
-           '⎋': ['Escape', 'Esc'], escape: ['Escape', 'Esc'], esc: ['Escape', 'Esc'],
-           // Space key
-           space: [' ', 'Spacebar'],
-           // Page-Up key, or pgup, on Mac: ↖
-           '↖': 'PageUp', pgup: 'PageUp', 'page-up': 'PageUp',
-           // Page-Down key, or pgdown, on Mac: ↘
-           '↘': 'PageDown', pgdown: 'PageDown', 'page-down': 'PageDown',
-           // END key, on Mac: ⇟
-           '⇟': 'End', end: 'End',
-           // HOME key, on Mac: ⇞
-           '⇞': 'Home', home: 'Home',
-           // Insert key, or ins
-           ins: 'Insert', insert: 'Insert',
-           // Delete key, on Mac: ⌦ (Delete)
-           '⌦': ['Delete', 'Del'], del: ['Delete', 'Del'], 'delete': ['Delete', 'Del'],
-           // Left Arrow Key, or ←
-           '←': ['ArrowLeft', 'Left'], left: ['ArrowLeft', 'Left'], 'arrow-left': ['ArrowLeft', 'Left'],
-           // Up Arrow Key, or ↑
-           '↑': ['ArrowUp', 'Up'], up: ['ArrowUp', 'Up'], 'arrow-up': ['ArrowUp', 'Up'],
-           // Right Arrow Key, or →
-           '→': ['ArrowRight', 'Right'], right: ['ArrowRight', 'Right'], 'arrow-right': ['ArrowRight', 'Right'],
-           // Up Arrow Key, or ↓
-           '↓': ['ArrowDown', 'Down'], down: ['ArrowDown', 'Down'], 'arrow-down': ['ArrowDown', 'Down'],
-           // odities, stuff for backward compatibility (browsers and code):
-           // Num-Multiply, or *
-           '*': ['*', 'Multiply'], star: ['*', 'Multiply'], asterisk: ['*', 'Multiply'], multiply: ['*', 'Multiply'],
-           // Num-Plus or +
-           '+': ['+', 'Add'], 'plus': ['+', 'Add'],
-           // Num-Subtract, or -
-           '-': ['-', 'Subtract'], subtract: ['-', 'Subtract'], 'dash': ['-', 'Subtract'],
-           // Semicolon
-           semicolon: ';',
-           // = or equals
-           equals: '=',
-           // Comma, or ,
-           comma: ',',
-           // Period, or ., or full-stop
-           period: '.', 'full-stop': '.',
-           // Slash, or /, or forward-slash
-           slash: '/', 'forward-slash': '/',
-           // Tick, or `, or back-quote
-           tick: '`', 'back-quote': '`',
-           // Open bracket, or [
-           'open-bracket': '[',
-           // Back slash, or \
-           'back-slash': '\\',
-           // Close backet, or ]
-           'close-bracket': ']',
-           // Apostrophe, or Quote, or '
-           quote: '\'', apostrophe: '\'',
-           // NUMPAD 0-9
-           'num-0': '0',
-           'num-1': '1',
-           'num-2': '2',
-           'num-3': '3',
-           'num-4': '4',
-           'num-5': '5',
-           'num-6': '6',
-           'num-7': '7',
-           'num-8': '8',
-           'num-9': '9',
-           // F1-F25
-           f1: 'F1',
-           f2: 'F2',
-           f3: 'F3',
-           f4: 'F4',
-           f5: 'F5',
-           f6: 'F6',
-           f7: 'F7',
-           f8: 'F8',
-           f9: 'F9',
-           f10: 'F10',
-           f11: 'F11',
-           f12: 'F12',
-           f13: 'F13',
-           f14: 'F14',
-           f15: 'F15',
-           f16: 'F16',
-           f17: 'F17',
-           f18: 'F18',
-           f19: 'F19',
-           f20: 'F20',
-           f21: 'F21',
-           f22: 'F22',
-           f23: 'F23',
-           f24: 'F24',
-           f25: 'F25'
-       };
+           return quickselect;
+         });
+       })(quickselect$2);
 
-       utilKeybinding.keyCodes = {
-           // Backspace key, on Mac: ⌫ (Backspace)
-           '⌫': 8, backspace: 8,
-           // Tab Key, on Mac: ⇥ (Tab), on Windows ⇥⇥
-           '⇥': 9, '⇆': 9, tab: 9,
-           // Return key, ↩
-           '↩': 13, 'return': 13, enter: 13, '⌅': 13,
-           // Pause/Break key
-           'pause': 19, 'pause-break': 19,
-           // Caps Lock key, ⇪
-           '⇪': 20, caps: 20, 'caps-lock': 20,
-           // Escape key, on Mac: ⎋, on Windows: Esc
-           '⎋': 27, escape: 27, esc: 27,
-           // Space key
-           space: 32,
-           // Page-Up key, or pgup, on Mac: ↖
-           '↖': 33, pgup: 33, 'page-up': 33,
-           // Page-Down key, or pgdown, on Mac: ↘
-           '↘': 34, pgdown: 34, 'page-down': 34,
-           // END key, on Mac: ⇟
-           '⇟': 35, end: 35,
-           // HOME key, on Mac: ⇞
-           '⇞': 36, home: 36,
-           // Insert key, or ins
-           ins: 45, insert: 45,
-           // Delete key, on Mac: ⌦ (Delete)
-           '⌦': 46, del: 46, 'delete': 46,
-           // Left Arrow Key, or ←
-           '←': 37, left: 37, 'arrow-left': 37,
-           // Up Arrow Key, or ↑
-           '↑': 38, up: 38, 'arrow-up': 38,
-           // Right Arrow Key, or →
-           '→': 39, right: 39, 'arrow-right': 39,
-           // Up Arrow Key, or ↓
-           '↓': 40, down: 40, 'arrow-down': 40,
-           // odities, printing characters that come out wrong:
-           // Firefox Equals
-           'ffequals': 61,
-           // Num-Multiply, or *
-           '*': 106, star: 106, asterisk: 106, multiply: 106,
-           // Num-Plus or +
-           '+': 107, 'plus': 107,
-           // Num-Subtract, or -
-           '-': 109, subtract: 109,
-           // Firefox Plus
-           'ffplus': 171,
-           // Firefox Minus
-           'ffminus': 173,
-           // Semicolon
-           ';': 186, semicolon: 186,
-           // = or equals
-           '=': 187, 'equals': 187,
-           // Comma, or ,
-           ',': 188, comma: 188,
-           // Dash / Underscore key
-           'dash': 189,
-           // Period, or ., or full-stop
-           '.': 190, period: 190, 'full-stop': 190,
-           // Slash, or /, or forward-slash
-           '/': 191, slash: 191, 'forward-slash': 191,
-           // Tick, or `, or back-quote
-           '`': 192, tick: 192, 'back-quote': 192,
-           // Open bracket, or [
-           '[': 219, 'open-bracket': 219,
-           // Back slash, or \
-           '\\': 220, 'back-slash': 220,
-           // Close backet, or ]
-           ']': 221, 'close-bracket': 221,
-           // Apostrophe, or Quote, or '
-           '\'': 222, quote: 222, apostrophe: 222
-       };
+       rbush$2.exports = rbush$1;
 
-       // NUMPAD 0-9
-       var i$2 = 95, n = 0;
-       while (++i$2 < 106) {
-           utilKeybinding.keyCodes['num-' + n] = i$2;
-           ++n;
-       }
+       rbush$2.exports["default"] = rbush$1;
 
-       // 0-9
-       i$2 = 47; n = 0;
-       while (++i$2 < 58) {
-           utilKeybinding.keyCodes[n] = i$2;
-           ++n;
-       }
+       var quickselect$1 = quickselect$2.exports;
 
-       // F1-F25
-       i$2 = 111; n = 1;
-       while (++i$2 < 136) {
-           utilKeybinding.keyCodes['f' + n] = i$2;
-           ++n;
-       }
+       function rbush$1(maxEntries, format) {
+         if (!(this instanceof rbush$1)) return new rbush$1(maxEntries, format); // max entries in a node is 9 by default; min node fill is 40% for best performance
 
-       // a-z
-       i$2 = 64;
-       while (++i$2 < 91) {
-           utilKeybinding.keyCodes[String.fromCharCode(i$2).toLowerCase()] = i$2;
+         this._maxEntries = Math.max(4, maxEntries || 9);
+         this._minEntries = Math.max(2, Math.ceil(this._maxEntries * 0.4));
+
+         if (format) {
+           this._initFormat(format);
+         }
+
+         this.clear();
        }
 
-       function utilObjectOmit(obj, omitKeys) {
-           return Object.keys(obj).reduce(function(result, key) {
-               if (omitKeys.indexOf(key) === -1) {
-                   result[key] = obj[key];  // keep
+       rbush$1.prototype = {
+         all: function all() {
+           return this._all(this.data, []);
+         },
+         search: function search(bbox) {
+           var node = this.data,
+               result = [],
+               toBBox = this.toBBox;
+           if (!intersects$1(bbox, node)) return result;
+           var nodesToSearch = [],
+               i,
+               len,
+               child,
+               childBBox;
+
+           while (node) {
+             for (i = 0, len = node.children.length; i < len; i++) {
+               child = node.children[i];
+               childBBox = node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child;
+
+               if (intersects$1(bbox, childBBox)) {
+                 if (node.leaf) result.push(child);else if (contains$1(bbox, childBBox)) this._all(child, result);else nodesToSearch.push(child);
                }
-               return result;
-           }, {});
-       }
+             }
 
-       // Copies a variable number of methods from source to target.
-       function utilRebind(target, source) {
-           var i = 1, n = arguments.length, method;
-           while (++i < n) {
-               target[method = arguments[i]] = d3_rebind(target, source, source[method]);
+             node = nodesToSearch.pop();
            }
-           return target;
-       }
-
-       // Method is assumed to be a standard D3 getter-setter:
-       // If passed with no arguments, gets the value.
-       // If passed with arguments, sets the value and returns the target.
-       function d3_rebind(target, source, method) {
-           return function() {
-               var value = method.apply(source, arguments);
-               return value === source ? target : value;
-           };
-       }
 
-       // A per-domain session mutex backed by a cookie and dead man's
-       // switch. If the session crashes, the mutex will auto-release
-       // after 5 seconds.
+           return result;
+         },
+         collides: function collides(bbox) {
+           var node = this.data,
+               toBBox = this.toBBox;
+           if (!intersects$1(bbox, node)) return false;
+           var nodesToSearch = [],
+               i,
+               len,
+               child,
+               childBBox;
+
+           while (node) {
+             for (i = 0, len = node.children.length; i < len; i++) {
+               child = node.children[i];
+               childBBox = node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child;
 
-       // This accepts a string and returns an object that complies with utilSessionMutexType
-       function utilSessionMutex(name) {
-           var mutex = {};
-           var intervalID;
+               if (intersects$1(bbox, childBBox)) {
+                 if (node.leaf || contains$1(bbox, childBBox)) return true;
+                 nodesToSearch.push(child);
+               }
+             }
 
-           function renew() {
-               var expires = new Date();
-               expires.setSeconds(expires.getSeconds() + 5);
-               document.cookie = name + '=1; expires=' + expires.toUTCString() + '; sameSite=strict';
+             node = nodesToSearch.pop();
            }
 
-           mutex.lock = function () {
-               if (intervalID) return true;
-               var cookie = document.cookie.replace(new RegExp('(?:(?:^|.*;)\\s*' + name + '\\s*\\=\\s*([^;]*).*$)|^.*$'), '$1');
-               if (cookie) return false;
-               renew();
-               intervalID = window.setInterval(renew, 4000);
-               return true;
-           };
-
-           mutex.unlock = function () {
-               if (!intervalID) return;
-               document.cookie = name + '=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; sameSite=strict';
-               clearInterval(intervalID);
-               intervalID = null;
-           };
+           return false;
+         },
+         load: function load(data) {
+           if (!(data && data.length)) return this;
 
-           mutex.locked = function () {
-               return !!intervalID;
-           };
+           if (data.length < this._minEntries) {
+             for (var i = 0, len = data.length; i < len; i++) {
+               this.insert(data[i]);
+             }
 
-           return mutex;
-       }
+             return this;
+           } // recursively build the tree with the given data from scratch using OMT algorithm
 
-       function utilTiler() {
-           var _size = [256, 256];
-           var _scale = 256;
-           var _tileSize = 256;
-           var _zoomExtent = [0, 20];
-           var _translate = [_size[0] / 2, _size[1] / 2];
-           var _margin = 0;
-           var _skipNullIsland = false;
 
+           var node = this._build(data.slice(), 0, data.length - 1, 0);
 
-           function clamp(num, min, max) {
-               return Math.max(min, Math.min(num, max));
-           }
+           if (!this.data.children.length) {
+             // save as is if tree is empty
+             this.data = node;
+           } else if (this.data.height === node.height) {
+             // split root if trees have the same height
+             this._splitRoot(this.data, node);
+           } else {
+             if (this.data.height < node.height) {
+               // swap trees if inserted one is bigger
+               var tmpNode = this.data;
+               this.data = node;
+               node = tmpNode;
+             } // insert the small tree into the large tree at appropriate level
 
 
-           function nearNullIsland(tile) {
-               var x = tile[0];
-               var y = tile[1];
-               var z = tile[2];
-               if (z >= 7) {
-                   var center = Math.pow(2, z - 1);
-                   var width = Math.pow(2, z - 6);
-                   var min = center - (width / 2);
-                   var max = center + (width / 2) - 1;
-                   return x >= min && x <= max && y >= min && y <= max;
-               }
-               return false;
+             this._insert(node, this.data.height - node.height - 1, true);
            }
 
+           return this;
+         },
+         insert: function insert(item) {
+           if (item) this._insert(item, this.data.height - 1);
+           return this;
+         },
+         clear: function clear() {
+           this.data = createNode$1([]);
+           return this;
+         },
+         remove: function remove(item, equalsFn) {
+           if (!item) return this;
+           var node = this.data,
+               bbox = this.toBBox(item),
+               path = [],
+               indexes = [],
+               i,
+               parent,
+               index,
+               goingUp; // depth-first iterative tree traversal
+
+           while (node || path.length) {
+             if (!node) {
+               // go up
+               node = path.pop();
+               parent = path[path.length - 1];
+               i = indexes.pop();
+               goingUp = true;
+             }
+
+             if (node.leaf) {
+               // check current node
+               index = findItem$1(item, node.children, equalsFn);
 
-           function tiler() {
-               var z = geoScaleToZoom(_scale / (2 * Math.PI), _tileSize);
-               var z0 = clamp(Math.round(z), _zoomExtent[0], _zoomExtent[1]);
-               var tileMin = 0;
-               var tileMax = Math.pow(2, z0) - 1;
-               var log2ts = Math.log(_tileSize) * Math.LOG2E;
-               var k = Math.pow(2, z - z0 + log2ts);
-               var origin = [
-                   (_translate[0] - _scale / 2) / k,
-                   (_translate[1] - _scale / 2) / k
-               ];
-
-               var cols = range$1(
-                   clamp(Math.floor(-origin[0]) - _margin,               tileMin, tileMax + 1),
-                   clamp(Math.ceil(_size[0] / k - origin[0]) + _margin,  tileMin, tileMax + 1)
-               );
-               var rows = range$1(
-                   clamp(Math.floor(-origin[1]) - _margin,               tileMin, tileMax + 1),
-                   clamp(Math.ceil(_size[1] / k - origin[1]) + _margin,  tileMin, tileMax + 1)
-               );
+               if (index !== -1) {
+                 // item found, remove the item and condense tree upwards
+                 node.children.splice(index, 1);
+                 path.push(node);
 
-               var tiles = [];
-               for (var i = 0; i < rows.length; i++) {
-                   var y = rows[i];
-                   for (var j = 0; j < cols.length; j++) {
-                       var x = cols[j];
+                 this._condense(path);
 
-                       if (i >= _margin && i <= rows.length - _margin &&
-                           j >= _margin && j <= cols.length - _margin) {
-                           tiles.unshift([x, y, z0]);  // tiles in view at beginning
-                       } else {
-                           tiles.push([x, y, z0]);     // tiles in margin at the end
-                       }
-                   }
+                 return this;
                }
+             }
 
-               tiles.translate = origin;
-               tiles.scale = k;
+             if (!goingUp && !node.leaf && contains$1(node, bbox)) {
+               // go down
+               path.push(node);
+               indexes.push(i);
+               i = 0;
+               parent = node;
+               node = node.children[0];
+             } else if (parent) {
+               // go right
+               i++;
+               node = parent.children[i];
+               goingUp = false;
+             } else node = null; // nothing found
 
-               return tiles;
            }
 
+           return this;
+         },
+         toBBox: function toBBox(item) {
+           return item;
+         },
+         compareMinX: compareNodeMinX$1,
+         compareMinY: compareNodeMinY$1,
+         toJSON: function toJSON() {
+           return this.data;
+         },
+         fromJSON: function fromJSON(data) {
+           this.data = data;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _all: function _all(node, result) {
+           var nodesToSearch = [];
+
+           while (node) {
+             if (node.leaf) result.push.apply(result, node.children);else nodesToSearch.push.apply(nodesToSearch, node.children);
+             node = nodesToSearch.pop();
+           }
 
-           /**
-            * getTiles() returns an array of tiles that cover the map view
-            */
-           tiler.getTiles = function(projection) {
-               var origin = [
-                   projection.scale() * Math.PI - projection.translate()[0],
-                   projection.scale() * Math.PI - projection.translate()[1]
-               ];
+           return result;
+         },
+         _build: function _build(items, left, right, height) {
+           var N = right - left + 1,
+               M = this._maxEntries,
+               node;
 
-               this
-                   .size(projection.clipExtent()[1])
-                   .scale(projection.scale() * 2 * Math.PI)
-                   .translate(projection.translate());
+           if (N <= M) {
+             // reached leaf level; return leaf
+             node = createNode$1(items.slice(left, right + 1));
+             calcBBox$1(node, this.toBBox);
+             return node;
+           }
 
-               var tiles = tiler();
-               var ts = tiles.scale;
+           if (!height) {
+             // target height of the bulk-loaded tree
+             height = Math.ceil(Math.log(N) / Math.log(M)); // target number of root entries to maximize storage utilization
 
-               return tiles
-                   .map(function(tile) {
-                       if (_skipNullIsland && nearNullIsland(tile)) {
-                           return false;
-                       }
-                       var x = tile[0] * ts - origin[0];
-                       var y = tile[1] * ts - origin[1];
-                       return {
-                           id: tile.toString(),
-                           xyz: tile,
-                           extent: geoExtent(
-                               projection.invert([x, y + ts]),
-                               projection.invert([x + ts, y])
-                           )
-                       };
-                   }).filter(Boolean);
-           };
+             M = Math.ceil(N / Math.pow(M, height - 1));
+           }
 
+           node = createNode$1([]);
+           node.leaf = false;
+           node.height = height; // split the items into M mostly square tiles
 
-           /**
-            * getGeoJSON() returns a FeatureCollection for debugging tiles
-            */
-           tiler.getGeoJSON = function(projection) {
-               var features = tiler.getTiles(projection).map(function(tile) {
-                   return {
-                       type: 'Feature',
-                       properties: {
-                           id: tile.id,
-                           name: tile.id
-                       },
-                       geometry: {
-                           type: 'Polygon',
-                           coordinates: [ tile.extent.polygon() ]
-                       }
-                   };
-               });
+           var N2 = Math.ceil(N / M),
+               N1 = N2 * Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(M)),
+               i,
+               j,
+               right2,
+               right3;
+           multiSelect$1(items, left, right, N1, this.compareMinX);
 
-               return {
-                   type: 'FeatureCollection',
-                   features: features
-               };
-           };
+           for (i = left; i <= right; i += N1) {
+             right2 = Math.min(i + N1 - 1, right);
+             multiSelect$1(items, i, right2, N2, this.compareMinY);
 
+             for (j = i; j <= right2; j += N2) {
+               right3 = Math.min(j + N2 - 1, right2); // pack each entry recursively
 
-           tiler.tileSize = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _tileSize;
-               _tileSize = val;
-               return tiler;
-           };
+               node.children.push(this._build(items, j, right3, height - 1));
+             }
+           }
 
+           calcBBox$1(node, this.toBBox);
+           return node;
+         },
+         _chooseSubtree: function _chooseSubtree(bbox, node, level, path) {
+           var i, len, child, targetNode, area, enlargement, minArea, minEnlargement;
 
-           tiler.zoomExtent = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _zoomExtent;
-               _zoomExtent = val;
-               return tiler;
-           };
+           while (true) {
+             path.push(node);
+             if (node.leaf || path.length - 1 === level) break;
+             minArea = minEnlargement = Infinity;
 
+             for (i = 0, len = node.children.length; i < len; i++) {
+               child = node.children[i];
+               area = bboxArea$1(child);
+               enlargement = enlargedArea$1(bbox, child) - area; // choose entry with the least area enlargement
+
+               if (enlargement < minEnlargement) {
+                 minEnlargement = enlargement;
+                 minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
+                 targetNode = child;
+               } else if (enlargement === minEnlargement) {
+                 // otherwise choose one with the smallest area
+                 if (area < minArea) {
+                   minArea = area;
+                   targetNode = child;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-           tiler.size = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _size;
-               _size = val;
-               return tiler;
-           };
+             node = targetNode || node.children[0];
+           }
+
+           return node;
+         },
+         _insert: function _insert(item, level, isNode) {
+           var toBBox = this.toBBox,
+               bbox = isNode ? item : toBBox(item),
+               insertPath = []; // find the best node for accommodating the item, saving all nodes along the path too
 
+           var node = this._chooseSubtree(bbox, this.data, level, insertPath); // put the item into the node
 
-           tiler.scale = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _scale;
-               _scale = val;
-               return tiler;
-           };
 
+           node.children.push(item);
+           extend$2(node, bbox); // split on node overflow; propagate upwards if necessary
 
-           tiler.translate = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _translate;
-               _translate = val;
-               return tiler;
-           };
+           while (level >= 0) {
+             if (insertPath[level].children.length > this._maxEntries) {
+               this._split(insertPath, level);
 
+               level--;
+             } else break;
+           } // adjust bboxes along the insertion path
 
-           // number to extend the rows/columns beyond those covering the viewport
-           tiler.margin = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _margin;
-               _margin = +val;
-               return tiler;
-           };
 
+           this._adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, insertPath, level);
+         },
+         // split overflowed node into two
+         _split: function _split(insertPath, level) {
+           var node = insertPath[level],
+               M = node.children.length,
+               m = this._minEntries;
+
+           this._chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M);
+
+           var splitIndex = this._chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M);
+
+           var newNode = createNode$1(node.children.splice(splitIndex, node.children.length - splitIndex));
+           newNode.height = node.height;
+           newNode.leaf = node.leaf;
+           calcBBox$1(node, this.toBBox);
+           calcBBox$1(newNode, this.toBBox);
+           if (level) insertPath[level - 1].children.push(newNode);else this._splitRoot(node, newNode);
+         },
+         _splitRoot: function _splitRoot(node, newNode) {
+           // split root node
+           this.data = createNode$1([node, newNode]);
+           this.data.height = node.height + 1;
+           this.data.leaf = false;
+           calcBBox$1(this.data, this.toBBox);
+         },
+         _chooseSplitIndex: function _chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M) {
+           var i, bbox1, bbox2, overlap, area, minOverlap, minArea, index;
+           minOverlap = minArea = Infinity;
+
+           for (i = m; i <= M - m; i++) {
+             bbox1 = distBBox$1(node, 0, i, this.toBBox);
+             bbox2 = distBBox$1(node, i, M, this.toBBox);
+             overlap = intersectionArea$1(bbox1, bbox2);
+             area = bboxArea$1(bbox1) + bboxArea$1(bbox2); // choose distribution with minimum overlap
+
+             if (overlap < minOverlap) {
+               minOverlap = overlap;
+               index = i;
+               minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
+             } else if (overlap === minOverlap) {
+               // otherwise choose distribution with minimum area
+               if (area < minArea) {
+                 minArea = area;
+                 index = i;
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-           tiler.skipNullIsland = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _skipNullIsland;
-               _skipNullIsland = val;
-               return tiler;
-           };
+           return index;
+         },
+         // sorts node children by the best axis for split
+         _chooseSplitAxis: function _chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M) {
+           var compareMinX = node.leaf ? this.compareMinX : compareNodeMinX$1,
+               compareMinY = node.leaf ? this.compareMinY : compareNodeMinY$1,
+               xMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinX),
+               yMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinY); // if total distributions margin value is minimal for x, sort by minX,
+           // otherwise it's already sorted by minY
 
 
-           return tiler;
-       }
+           if (xMargin < yMargin) node.children.sort(compareMinX);
+         },
+         // total margin of all possible split distributions where each node is at least m full
+         _allDistMargin: function _allDistMargin(node, m, M, compare) {
+           node.children.sort(compare);
+           var toBBox = this.toBBox,
+               leftBBox = distBBox$1(node, 0, m, toBBox),
+               rightBBox = distBBox$1(node, M - m, M, toBBox),
+               margin = bboxMargin$1(leftBBox) + bboxMargin$1(rightBBox),
+               i,
+               child;
 
-       function utilTriggerEvent(target, type) {
-           target.each(function() {
-               var evt = document.createEvent('HTMLEvents');
-               evt.initEvent(type, true, true);
-               this.dispatchEvent(evt);
-           });
-       }
+           for (i = m; i < M - m; i++) {
+             child = node.children[i];
+             extend$2(leftBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
+             margin += bboxMargin$1(leftBBox);
+           }
 
-       let _mainLocalizer = coreLocalizer(); // singleton
-       let _t = _mainLocalizer.t;
+           for (i = M - m - 1; i >= m; i--) {
+             child = node.children[i];
+             extend$2(rightBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
+             margin += bboxMargin$1(rightBBox);
+           }
 
-       //
-       // coreLocalizer manages language and locale parameters including translated strings
-       //
-       function coreLocalizer() {
+           return margin;
+         },
+         _adjustParentBBoxes: function _adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, path, level) {
+           // adjust bboxes along the given tree path
+           for (var i = level; i >= 0; i--) {
+             extend$2(path[i], bbox);
+           }
+         },
+         _condense: function _condense(path) {
+           // go through the path, removing empty nodes and updating bboxes
+           for (var i = path.length - 1, siblings; i >= 0; i--) {
+             if (path[i].children.length === 0) {
+               if (i > 0) {
+                 siblings = path[i - 1].children;
+                 siblings.splice(siblings.indexOf(path[i]), 1);
+               } else this.clear();
+             } else calcBBox$1(path[i], this.toBBox);
+           }
+         },
+         _initFormat: function _initFormat(format) {
+           // data format (minX, minY, maxX, maxY accessors)
+           // uses eval-type function compilation instead of just accepting a toBBox function
+           // because the algorithms are very sensitive to sorting functions performance,
+           // so they should be dead simple and without inner calls
+           var compareArr = ['return a', ' - b', ';'];
+           this.compareMinX = new Function('a', 'b', compareArr.join(format[0]));
+           this.compareMinY = new Function('a', 'b', compareArr.join(format[1]));
+           this.toBBox = new Function('a', 'return {minX: a' + format[0] + ', minY: a' + format[1] + ', maxX: a' + format[2] + ', maxY: a' + format[3] + '};');
+         }
+       };
 
-           let localizer = {};
+       function findItem$1(item, items, equalsFn) {
+         if (!equalsFn) return items.indexOf(item);
 
-           let _dataLanguages = {};
+         for (var i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
+           if (equalsFn(item, items[i])) return i;
+         }
 
-           // `localeData` is an object containing all _supported_ locale codes -> language info.
-           // {
-           // en: { rtl: false, languageNames: {…}, scriptNames: {…} },
-           // de: { rtl: false, languageNames: {…}, scriptNames: {…} },
-           // …
-           // }
-           let _dataLocales = {};
+         return -1;
+       } // calculate node's bbox from bboxes of its children
 
-           // `localeStrings` is an object containing all _loaded_ locale codes -> string data.
-           // {
-           // en: { icons: {…}, toolbar: {…}, modes: {…}, operations: {…}, … },
-           // de: { icons: {…}, toolbar: {…}, modes: {…}, operations: {…}, … },
-           // …
-           // }
-           let _localeStrings = {};
-
-           // the current locale parameters
-           let _localeCode = 'en-US';
-           let _languageCode = 'en';
-           let _textDirection = 'ltr';
-           let _usesMetric = false;
-           let _languageNames = {};
-           let _scriptNames = {};
-
-           // getters for the current locale parameters
-           localizer.localeCode = () => _localeCode;
-           localizer.languageCode = () => _languageCode;
-           localizer.textDirection = () => _textDirection;
-           localizer.usesMetric = () => _usesMetric;
-           localizer.languageNames = () => _languageNames;
-           localizer.scriptNames = () => _scriptNames;
-
-
-           var _loadPromise;
-
-           localizer.ensureLoaded = () => {
-
-               if (_loadPromise) return _loadPromise;
-
-               return _loadPromise = Promise.all([
-                       // load the list of langauges
-                       _mainFileFetcher.get('languages'),
-                       // load the list of supported locales
-                       _mainFileFetcher.get('locales')
-                   ])
-                   .then(results => {
-                       _dataLanguages = results[0];
-                       _dataLocales = results[1];
-                   })
-                   .then(() => {
-                       const hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
-
-                       if (hash.locale && _dataLocales[hash.locale]) {
-                           // the locale can be manually set in the URL hash
-                           _localeCode = hash.locale;
-                       } else {
-                           // otherwise use the locale specified by the browser
-                           _localeCode = supportedBrowserLocale();
-                       }
 
-                       return Promise.all([
-                           // always load the English locale strings as fallbacks
-                           localizer.loadLocale('en'),
-                           // load the preferred locale
-                           localizer.loadLocale(_localeCode)
-                       ]);
-                   })
-                   .then(() => {
-                       updateForCurrentLocale();
-                   })
-                   .catch(err => console.error(err));  // eslint-disable-line
-           };
+       function calcBBox$1(node, toBBox) {
+         distBBox$1(node, 0, node.children.length, toBBox, node);
+       } // min bounding rectangle of node children from k to p-1
 
-           // Returns the best locale requested by the browser supported by iD, if any
-           function supportedBrowserLocale() {
-               // list of locales preferred by the browser in priority order
-               let browserLocales = utilDetect().browserLocales;
-               let supportedLocales = _dataLocales;
 
-               for (let i in browserLocales) {
-                   let browserLocale = browserLocales[i];
-                   if (browserLocale.includes('-')) { // full locale ('es-ES')
+       function distBBox$1(node, k, p, toBBox, destNode) {
+         if (!destNode) destNode = createNode$1(null);
+         destNode.minX = Infinity;
+         destNode.minY = Infinity;
+         destNode.maxX = -Infinity;
+         destNode.maxY = -Infinity;
 
-                       if (supportedLocales[browserLocale]) return browserLocale;
+         for (var i = k, child; i < p; i++) {
+           child = node.children[i];
+           extend$2(destNode, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
+         }
 
-                       // If full locale not supported ('es-FAKE'), fallback to the base ('es')
-                       let langPart = browserLocale.split('-')[0];
-                       if (supportedLocales[langPart]) return langPart;
+         return destNode;
+       }
 
-                   } else { // base locale ('es')
+       function extend$2(a, b) {
+         a.minX = Math.min(a.minX, b.minX);
+         a.minY = Math.min(a.minY, b.minY);
+         a.maxX = Math.max(a.maxX, b.maxX);
+         a.maxY = Math.max(a.maxY, b.maxY);
+         return a;
+       }
 
-                       // prefer a lower-priority full locale with this base ('es' < 'es-ES')
-                       let fullLocale = browserLocales.find((locale, index) => {
-                           return index > i &&
-                               locale !== browserLocale &&
-                               locale.split('-')[0] === browserLocale &&
-                               supportedLocales[locale];
-                       });
-                       if (fullLocale) return fullLocale;
+       function compareNodeMinX$1(a, b) {
+         return a.minX - b.minX;
+       }
 
-                       if (supportedLocales[browserLocale]) return browserLocale;
-                   }
-               }
+       function compareNodeMinY$1(a, b) {
+         return a.minY - b.minY;
+       }
 
-               return null;
-           }
+       function bboxArea$1(a) {
+         return (a.maxX - a.minX) * (a.maxY - a.minY);
+       }
 
-           function updateForCurrentLocale() {
-               if (!_localeCode) return;
+       function bboxMargin$1(a) {
+         return a.maxX - a.minX + (a.maxY - a.minY);
+       }
 
-               _languageCode = _localeCode.split('-')[0];
+       function enlargedArea$1(a, b) {
+         return (Math.max(b.maxX, a.maxX) - Math.min(b.minX, a.minX)) * (Math.max(b.maxY, a.maxY) - Math.min(b.minY, a.minY));
+       }
 
-               const currentData = _dataLocales[_localeCode] || _dataLocales[_languageCode];
+       function intersectionArea$1(a, b) {
+         var minX = Math.max(a.minX, b.minX),
+             minY = Math.max(a.minY, b.minY),
+             maxX = Math.min(a.maxX, b.maxX),
+             maxY = Math.min(a.maxY, b.maxY);
+         return Math.max(0, maxX - minX) * Math.max(0, maxY - minY);
+       }
 
-               const hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+       function contains$1(a, b) {
+         return a.minX <= b.minX && a.minY <= b.minY && b.maxX <= a.maxX && b.maxY <= a.maxY;
+       }
 
-               if (hash.rtl === 'true') {
-                   _textDirection = 'rtl';
-               } else if (hash.rtl === 'false') {
-                   _textDirection = 'ltr';
-               }  else {
-                   _textDirection = currentData && currentData.rtl ? 'rtl' : 'ltr';
-               }
+       function intersects$1(a, b) {
+         return b.minX <= a.maxX && b.minY <= a.maxY && b.maxX >= a.minX && b.maxY >= a.minY;
+       }
 
-               _languageNames = currentData && currentData.languageNames;
-               _scriptNames = currentData && currentData.scriptNames;
+       function createNode$1(children) {
+         return {
+           children: children,
+           height: 1,
+           leaf: true,
+           minX: Infinity,
+           minY: Infinity,
+           maxX: -Infinity,
+           maxY: -Infinity
+         };
+       } // sort an array so that items come in groups of n unsorted items, with groups sorted between each other;
+       // combines selection algorithm with binary divide & conquer approach
 
-               _usesMetric = _localeCode.slice(-3).toLowerCase() !== '-us';
-           }
 
+       function multiSelect$1(arr, left, right, n, compare) {
+         var stack = [left, right],
+             mid;
 
-           /* Locales */
-           // Returns a Promise to load the strings for the requested locale
-           localizer.loadLocale = (requested) => {
+         while (stack.length) {
+           right = stack.pop();
+           left = stack.pop();
+           if (right - left <= n) continue;
+           mid = left + Math.ceil((right - left) / n / 2) * n;
+           quickselect$1(arr, mid, left, right, compare);
+           stack.push(left, mid, mid, right);
+         }
+       }
 
-               if (!_dataLocales) {
-                   return Promise.reject('loadLocale called before init');
-               }
+       var lineclip_1 = lineclip$2;
+       lineclip$2.polyline = lineclip$2;
+       lineclip$2.polygon = polygonclip$1; // Cohen-Sutherland line clippign algorithm, adapted to efficiently
+       // handle polylines rather than just segments
 
-               let locale = requested;
+       function lineclip$2(points, bbox, result) {
+         var len = points.length,
+             codeA = bitCode$1(points[0], bbox),
+             part = [],
+             i,
+             a,
+             b,
+             codeB,
+             lastCode;
+         if (!result) result = [];
 
-               // US English is the default
-               if (locale.toLowerCase() === 'en-us') locale = 'en';
+         for (i = 1; i < len; i++) {
+           a = points[i - 1];
+           b = points[i];
+           codeB = lastCode = bitCode$1(b, bbox);
 
-               if (!_dataLocales[locale]) {
-                   return Promise.reject(`Unsupported locale: ${requested}`);
+           while (true) {
+             if (!(codeA | codeB)) {
+               // accept
+               part.push(a);
+
+               if (codeB !== lastCode) {
+                 // segment went outside
+                 part.push(b);
+
+                 if (i < len - 1) {
+                   // start a new line
+                   result.push(part);
+                   part = [];
+                 }
+               } else if (i === len - 1) {
+                 part.push(b);
                }
 
-               if (_localeStrings[locale]) {    // already loaded
-                   return Promise.resolve(locale);
-               }
+               break;
+             } else if (codeA & codeB) {
+               // trivial reject
+               break;
+             } else if (codeA) {
+               // a outside, intersect with clip edge
+               a = intersect$1(a, b, codeA, bbox);
+               codeA = bitCode$1(a, bbox);
+             } else {
+               // b outside
+               b = intersect$1(a, b, codeB, bbox);
+               codeB = bitCode$1(b, bbox);
+             }
+           }
 
-               let fileMap = _mainFileFetcher.fileMap();
-               const key = `locale_${locale}`;
-               fileMap[key] = `locales/${locale}.json`;
+           codeA = lastCode;
+         }
 
-               return _mainFileFetcher.get(key)
-                   .then(d => {
-                       _localeStrings[locale] = d[locale];
-                       return locale;
-                   });
-           };
+         if (part.length) result.push(part);
+         return result;
+       } // Sutherland-Hodgeman polygon clipping algorithm
 
-           /**
-           * Given a string identifier, try to find that string in the current
-           * language, and return it.  This function will be called recursively
-           * with locale `en` if a string can not be found in the requested language.
-           *
-           * @param  {string}   s             string identifier
-           * @param  {object?}  replacements  token replacements and default string
-           * @param  {string?}  locale        locale to use (defaults to currentLocale)
-           * @return {string?}  localized string
-           */
-           localizer.t = function(s, replacements, locale) {
-               locale = locale || _localeCode;
 
-               // US English is the default
-               if (locale.toLowerCase() === 'en-us') locale = 'en';
+       function polygonclip$1(points, bbox) {
+         var result, edge, prev, prevInside, i, p, inside; // clip against each side of the clip rectangle
 
-               let path = s
-                 .split('.')
-                 .map(s => s.replace(/<TX_DOT>/g, '.'))
-                 .reverse();
+         for (edge = 1; edge <= 8; edge *= 2) {
+           result = [];
+           prev = points[points.length - 1];
+           prevInside = !(bitCode$1(prev, bbox) & edge);
 
-               let result = _localeStrings[locale];
+           for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
+             p = points[i];
+             inside = !(bitCode$1(p, bbox) & edge); // if segment goes through the clip window, add an intersection
 
-               while (result !== undefined && path.length) {
-                 result = result[path.pop()];
-               }
+             if (inside !== prevInside) result.push(intersect$1(prev, p, edge, bbox));
+             if (inside) result.push(p); // add a point if it's inside
 
-               if (result !== undefined) {
-                 if (replacements) {
-                   for (let k in replacements) {
-                     const token = `{${k}}`;
-                     const regex = new RegExp(token, 'g');
-                     result = result.replace(regex, replacements[k]);
-                   }
-                 }
-                 return result;
-               }
+             prev = p;
+             prevInside = inside;
+           }
 
-               if (locale !== 'en') {
-                 return localizer.t(s, replacements, 'en');  // fallback - recurse with 'en'
-               }
+           points = result;
+           if (!points.length) break;
+         }
 
-               if (replacements && 'default' in replacements) {
-                 return replacements.default;      // fallback - replacements.default
-               }
+         return result;
+       } // intersect a segment against one of the 4 lines that make up the bbox
 
-               const missing = `Missing ${locale} translation: ${s}`;
-               if (typeof console !== 'undefined') console.error(missing);  // eslint-disable-line
 
-               return missing;
-           };
+       function intersect$1(a, b, edge, bbox) {
+         return edge & 8 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[3] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[3]] : // top
+         edge & 4 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[1] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[1]] : // bottom
+         edge & 2 ? [bbox[2], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[2] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] : // right
+         edge & 1 ? [bbox[0], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[0] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] : // left
+         null;
+       } // bit code reflects the point position relative to the bbox:
+       //         left  mid  right
+       //    top  1001  1000  1010
+       //    mid  0001  0000  0010
+       // bottom  0101  0100  0110
 
-           localizer.languageName = (code, options) => {
 
-               if (_languageNames[code]) {  // name in locale langauge
-                 // e.g. "German"
-                 return _languageNames[code];
-               }
+       function bitCode$1(p, bbox) {
+         var code = 0;
+         if (p[0] < bbox[0]) code |= 1; // left
+         else if (p[0] > bbox[2]) code |= 2; // right
 
-               // sometimes we only want the local name
-               if (options && options.localOnly) return null;
+         if (p[1] < bbox[1]) code |= 4; // bottom
+         else if (p[1] > bbox[3]) code |= 8; // top
 
-               const langInfo = _dataLanguages[code];
-               if (langInfo) {
-                 if (langInfo.nativeName) {  // name in native language
-                   // e.g. "Deutsch (de)"
-                   return localizer.t('translate.language_and_code', { language: langInfo.nativeName, code: code });
+         return code;
+       }
 
-                 } else if (langInfo.base && langInfo.script) {
-                   const base = langInfo.base;   // the code of the langauge this is based on
+       var rbush = rbush$2.exports;
+       var lineclip$1 = lineclip_1;
+       var whichPolygon_1 = whichPolygon;
 
-                   if (_languageNames[base]) {   // base language name in locale langauge
-                     const scriptCode = langInfo.script;
-                     const script = _scriptNames[scriptCode] || scriptCode;
-                     // e.g. "Serbian (Cyrillic)"
-                     return localizer.t('translate.language_and_code', { language: _languageNames[base], code: script });
+       function whichPolygon(data) {
+         var bboxes = [];
 
-                   } else if (_dataLanguages[base] && _dataLanguages[base].nativeName) {
-                     // e.g. "српски (sr-Cyrl)"
-                     return localizer.t('translate.language_and_code', { language: _dataLanguages[base].nativeName, code: code });
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
-               return code;  // if not found, use the code
-           };
+         for (var i = 0; i < data.features.length; i++) {
+           var feature = data.features[i];
+           var coords = feature.geometry.coordinates;
 
-           return localizer;
-       }
+           if (feature.geometry.type === 'Polygon') {
+             bboxes.push(treeItem(coords, feature.properties));
+           } else if (feature.geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
+             for (var j = 0; j < coords.length; j++) {
+               bboxes.push(treeItem(coords[j], feature.properties));
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-       //
-       // `presetCollection` is a wrapper around an `Array` of presets `collection`,
-       // and decorated with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
-       //
-       function presetCollection(collection) {
-         const MAXRESULTS = 50;
-         let _this = {};
-         let _memo = {};
+         var tree = rbush().load(bboxes);
 
-         _this.collection = collection;
+         function query(p, multi) {
+           var output = [],
+               result = tree.search({
+             minX: p[0],
+             minY: p[1],
+             maxX: p[0],
+             maxY: p[1]
+           });
 
-         _this.item = (id) => {
-           if (_memo[id]) return _memo[id];
-           const found = _this.collection.find(d => d.id === id);
-           if (found) _memo[id] = found;
-           return found;
-         };
+           for (var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
+             if (insidePolygon(result[i].coords, p)) {
+               if (multi) output.push(result[i].props);else return result[i].props;
+             }
+           }
 
-         _this.index = (id) => _this.collection.findIndex(d => d.id === id);
+           return multi && output.length ? output : null;
+         }
 
-         _this.matchGeometry = (geometry) => {
-           return presetCollection(
-             _this.collection.filter(d => d.matchGeometry(geometry))
-           );
-         };
+         query.tree = tree;
 
-         _this.matchAllGeometry = (geometries) => {
-           return presetCollection(
-             _this.collection.filter(d => d && d.matchAllGeometry(geometries))
-           );
-         };
+         query.bbox = function queryBBox(bbox) {
+           var output = [];
+           var result = tree.search({
+             minX: bbox[0],
+             minY: bbox[1],
+             maxX: bbox[2],
+             maxY: bbox[3]
+           });
 
-         _this.matchAnyGeometry = (geometries) => {
-           return presetCollection(
-             _this.collection.filter(d => geometries.some(geom => d.matchGeometry(geom)))
-           );
-         };
+           for (var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
+             if (polygonIntersectsBBox(result[i].coords, bbox)) {
+               output.push(result[i].props);
+             }
+           }
 
-         _this.fallback = (geometry) => {
-           let id = geometry;
-           if (id === 'vertex') id = 'point';
-           return _this.item(id);
+           return output;
          };
 
-         _this.search = (value, geometry, countryCode) => {
-           if (!value) return _this;
-
-           value = value.toLowerCase().trim();
-
-           // match at name beginning or just after a space (e.g. "office" -> match "Law Office")
-           function leading(a) {
-             const index = a.indexOf(value);
-             return index === 0 || a[index - 1] === ' ';
-           }
+         return query;
+       }
 
-           // match at name beginning only
-           function leadingStrict(a) {
-             const index = a.indexOf(value);
-             return index === 0;
-           }
+       function polygonIntersectsBBox(polygon, bbox) {
+         var bboxCenter = [(bbox[0] + bbox[2]) / 2, (bbox[1] + bbox[3]) / 2];
+         if (insidePolygon(polygon, bboxCenter)) return true;
 
-           function sortNames(a, b) {
-             let aCompare = (a.suggestion ? a.originalName : a.name()).toLowerCase();
-             let bCompare = (b.suggestion ? b.originalName : b.name()).toLowerCase();
+         for (var i = 0; i < polygon.length; i++) {
+           if (lineclip$1(polygon[i], bbox).length > 0) return true;
+         }
 
-             // priority if search string matches preset name exactly - #4325
-             if (value === aCompare) return -1;
-             if (value === bCompare) return 1;
+         return false;
+       } // ray casting algorithm for detecting if point is in polygon
 
-             // priority for higher matchScore
-             let i = b.originalScore - a.originalScore;
-             if (i !== 0) return i;
 
-             // priority if search string appears earlier in preset name
-             i = aCompare.indexOf(value) - bCompare.indexOf(value);
-             if (i !== 0) return i;
+       function insidePolygon(rings, p) {
+         var inside = false;
 
-             // priority for shorter preset names
-             return aCompare.length - bCompare.length;
-           }
+         for (var i = 0, len = rings.length; i < len; i++) {
+           var ring = rings[i];
 
-           let pool = _this.collection;
-           if (countryCode) {
-             pool = pool.filter(a => {
-               if (a.countryCodes && a.countryCodes.indexOf(countryCode) === -1) return false;
-               if (a.notCountryCodes && a.notCountryCodes.indexOf(countryCode) !== -1) return false;
-               return true;
-             });
+           for (var j = 0, len2 = ring.length, k = len2 - 1; j < len2; k = j++) {
+             if (rayIntersect(p, ring[j], ring[k])) inside = !inside;
            }
-           const searchable = pool.filter(a => a.searchable !== false && a.suggestion !== true);
-           const suggestions = pool.filter(a => a.suggestion === true);
-
-           // matches value to preset.name
-           const leading_name = searchable
-             .filter(a => leading(a.name().toLowerCase()))
-             .sort(sortNames);
-
-           // matches value to preset suggestion name (original name is unhyphenated)
-           const leading_suggestions = suggestions
-             .filter(a => leadingStrict(a.originalName.toLowerCase()))
-             .sort(sortNames);
-
-           // matches value to preset.terms values
-           const leading_terms = searchable
-             .filter(a => (a.terms() || []).some(leading));
-
-           // matches value to preset.tags values
-           const leading_tag_values = searchable
-             .filter(a => Object.values(a.tags || {}).filter(val => val !== '*').some(leading));
-
-           // finds close matches to value in preset.name
-           const similar_name = searchable
-             .map(a => ({ preset: a, dist: utilEditDistance(value, a.name()) }))
-             .filter(a => a.dist + Math.min(value.length - a.preset.name().length, 0) < 3)
-             .sort((a, b) => a.dist - b.dist)
-             .map(a => a.preset);
-
-           // finds close matches to value to preset suggestion name (original name is unhyphenated)
-           const similar_suggestions = suggestions
-             .map(a => ({ preset: a, dist: utilEditDistance(value, a.originalName.toLowerCase()) }))
-             .filter(a => a.dist + Math.min(value.length - a.preset.originalName.length, 0) < 1)
-             .sort((a, b) => a.dist - b.dist)
-             .map(a => a.preset);
-
-           // finds close matches to value in preset.terms
-           const similar_terms = searchable
-             .filter(a => {
-               return (a.terms() || []).some(b => {
-                 return utilEditDistance(value, b) + Math.min(value.length - b.length, 0) < 3;
-               });
-             });
+         }
 
-           let results = leading_name.concat(
-             leading_suggestions,
-             leading_terms,
-             leading_tag_values,
-             similar_name,
-             similar_suggestions,
-             similar_terms
-           ).slice(0, MAXRESULTS - 1);
+         return inside;
+       }
 
-           if (geometry) {
-             if (typeof geometry === 'string') {
-               results.push(_this.fallback(geometry));
-             } else {
-               geometry.forEach(geom => results.push(_this.fallback(geom)));
-             }
-           }
+       function rayIntersect(p, p1, p2) {
+         return p1[1] > p[1] !== p2[1] > p[1] && p[0] < (p2[0] - p1[0]) * (p[1] - p1[1]) / (p2[1] - p1[1]) + p1[0];
+       }
 
-           return presetCollection(utilArrayUniq(results));
+       function treeItem(coords, props) {
+         var item = {
+           minX: Infinity,
+           minY: Infinity,
+           maxX: -Infinity,
+           maxY: -Infinity,
+           coords: coords,
+           props: props
          };
 
+         for (var i = 0; i < coords[0].length; i++) {
+           var p = coords[0][i];
+           item.minX = Math.min(item.minX, p[0]);
+           item.minY = Math.min(item.minY, p[1]);
+           item.maxX = Math.max(item.maxX, p[0]);
+           item.maxY = Math.max(item.maxY, p[1]);
+         }
 
-         return _this;
+         return item;
+       }
+
+       var type = "FeatureCollection";
+       var features = [{
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q21",
+           nameEn: "England",
+           aliases: ["GB-ENG"],
+           country: "GB",
+           groups: ["Q23666", "Q3336843", "154", "150", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           roadSpeedUnit: "mph",
+           roadHeightUnit: "ft",
+           callingCodes: ["44"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[-6.03913, 51.13217], [-7.74976, 48.64773], [1.17405, 50.74239], [2.18458, 51.52087], [2.56575, 51.85301], [0.792, 57.56437], [-2.30613, 55.62698], [-2.17058, 55.45916], [-2.6095, 55.28488], [-2.63532, 55.19452], [-3.02906, 55.04606], [-3.09361, 54.94924], [-3.38407, 54.94278], [-4.1819, 54.57861], [-3.5082, 53.54318], [-3.08228, 53.25526], [-3.03675, 53.25092], [-2.92329, 53.19383], [-2.92022, 53.17685], [-2.98598, 53.15589], [-2.90649, 53.10964], [-2.87469, 53.12337], [-2.89131, 53.09374], [-2.83133, 52.99184], [-2.7251, 52.98389], [-2.72221, 52.92969], [-2.80549, 52.89428], [-2.85897, 52.94487], [-2.92401, 52.93836], [-2.97243, 52.9651], [-3.13576, 52.895], [-3.15744, 52.84947], [-3.16105, 52.79599], [-3.08734, 52.77504], [-3.01001, 52.76636], [-2.95581, 52.71794], [-3.01724, 52.72083], [-3.04398, 52.65435], [-3.13648, 52.58208], [-3.12926, 52.5286], [-3.09746, 52.53077], [-3.08662, 52.54811], [-3.00929, 52.57774], [-2.99701, 52.551], [-3.03603, 52.49969], [-3.13359, 52.49174], [-3.22971, 52.45344], [-3.22754, 52.42526], [-3.04687, 52.34504], [-2.95364, 52.3501], [-2.99701, 52.323], [-3.00785, 52.2753], [-3.09289, 52.20546], [-3.12638, 52.08114], [-2.97111, 51.90456], [-2.8818, 51.93196], [-2.78742, 51.88833], [-2.74277, 51.84367], [-2.66234, 51.83555], [-2.66336, 51.59504], [-3.20563, 51.31615], [-6.03913, 51.13217]]]]
+         }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q22",
+           nameEn: "Scotland",
+           aliases: ["GB-SCT"],
+           country: "GB",
+           groups: ["Q23666", "Q3336843", "154", "150", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           roadSpeedUnit: "mph",
+           roadHeightUnit: "ft",
+           callingCodes: ["44"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[0.792, 57.56437], [-0.3751, 61.32236], [-14.78497, 57.60709], [-6.82333, 55.83103], [-4.69044, 54.3629], [-3.38407, 54.94278], [-3.09361, 54.94924], [-3.02906, 55.04606], [-2.63532, 55.19452], [-2.6095, 55.28488], [-2.17058, 55.45916], [-2.30613, 55.62698], [0.792, 57.56437]]]]
+         }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
+         properties: {
+           wikidata: "Q25",
+           nameEn: "Wales",
+           aliases: ["GB-WLS"],
+           country: "GB",
+           groups: ["Q23666", "Q3336843", "154", "150", "UN"],
+           driveSide: "left",
+           roadSpeedUnit: "mph",
+           roadHeightUnit: "ft",
+           callingCodes: ["44"]
+         },
+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[-3.5082, 53.54318], [-5.37267, 53.63269], [-6.03913, 51.13217], [-3.20563, 51.31615], [-2.66336, 51.59504], [-2.66234, 51.83555], [-2.74277, 51.84367], [-2.78742, 51.88833], [-2.8818, 51.93196], [-2.97111, 51.90456], [-3.12638, 52.08114], [-3.09289, 52.20546], [-3.00785, 52.2753], [-2.99701, 52.323], [-2.95364, 52.3501], [-3.04687, 52.34504], [-3.22754, 52.42526], [-3.22971, 52.45344], [-3.13359, 52.49174], [-3.03603, 52.49969], [-2.99701, 52.551], [-3.00929, 52.57774], [-3.08662, 52.54811], [-3.09746, 52.53077], [-3.12926, 52.5286], [-3.13648, 52.58208], [-3.04398, 52.65435], [-3.01724, 52.72083], [-2.95581, 52.71794], [-3.01001, 52.76636], [-3.08734, 52.77504], [-3.16105, 52.79599], [-3.15744, 52.84947], [-3.13576, 52.895], [-2.97243, 52.9651], [-2.92401, 52.93836], [-2.85897, 52.94487], [-2.80549, 52.89428], [-2.72221, 52.92969], [-2.7251, 52.98389], [-2.83133, 52.99184], [-2.89131, 53.09374], [-2.87469, 53.12337], [-2.90649, 53.10964], [-2.98598, 53.15589], [-2.92022, 53.17685], [-2.92329, 53.19383], [-3.03675, 53.25092], [-3.08228, 53.25526], [-3.5082, 53.54318]]]]
+         }
+       }, {
+         type: "Feature",
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+         geometry: {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: [[[[30.41902, -15.62269], [30.35574, -15.6513], [29.8317, -15.6126], [29.4437, -15.68702], [29.21955, -15.76589], [29.01298, -15.93805], [28.9243, -15.93987], [28.8501, -16.04537], [28.81454, -16.48611], [28.76199, -16.51575], [28.73725, -16.5528], [27.83141, -16.96274], [27.62795, -17.24365], [27.61377, -17.34378], [27.30736, -17.60487], [27.14196, -17.81398], [26.89926, -17.98756], [26.74314, -18.0199], [26.68403, -18.07411], [26.55918, -17.99638], [26.21601, -17.88608], [26.0908, -17.93021], [26.08925, -17.98168], [25.85892, -17.97726], [25.85738, -17.91403], [25.6827, -17.81987], [25.51646, -17.86232], [25.26433, -17.79571], [25.23909, -17.90832], [25.31799, -18.07091], [25.39972, -18.12691], [25.53465, -18.39041], [25.68859, -18.56165], [25.79217, -18.6355], [25.82353, -18.82808], [25.94326, -18.90362], [25.99837, -19.02943], [25.96226, -19.08152], [26.17227, -19.53709], [26.72246, -19.92707], [27.21278, -20.08244], [27.29831, -20.28935], [27.28865, -20.49873], [27.69361, -20.48531], [27.72972, -20.51735], [27.69171, -21.08409], [27.91407, -21.31621], [28.01669, -21.57624], [28.29416, -21.59037], [28.49942, -21.66634], [28.58114, -21.63455], [29.07763, -21.81877], [29.04023, -21.85864], [29.02191, -21.90647], [29.02191, -21.95665], [29.04108, -22.00563], [29.08495, -22.04867], [29.14501, -22.07275], [29.1974, -22.07472], [29.24648, -22.05967], [29.3533, -22.18363], [29.37703, -22.19581], [29.64609, -22.12917], [29.76848, -22.14128], [29.92242, -22.19408], [30.13147, -22.30841], [30.2265, -22.2961], [30.28351, -22.35587], [30.38614, -22.34533], [30.48686, -22.31368], [30.6294, -22.32599], [30.86696, -22.28907], [31.08932, -22.34884], [31.16344, -22.32599], [31.30611, -22.422], [31.38336, -22.36919], [32.41234, -21.31246], [32.48236, -21.32873], [32.37115, -21.133], [32.51644, -20.91929], [32.48122, -20.63319], [32.55167, -20.56312], [32.66174, -20.56106], [32.85987, -20.27841], [32.85987, -20.16686], [32.93032, -20.03868], [33.01178, -20.02007], [33.06461, -19.77787], [32.95013, -19.67219], [32.84666, -19.68462], [32.84446, -19.48343], [32.78282, -19.47513], [32.77966, -19.36098], [32.85107, -19.29238], [32.87088, -19.09279], [32.84006, -19.0262], [32.72118, -19.02204], [32.69917, -18.94293], [32.73439, -18.92628], [32.70137, -18.84712], [32.82465, -18.77419], [32.9017, -18.7992], [32.95013, -18.69079], [32.88629, -18.58023], [32.88629, -18.51344], [33.02278, -18.4696], [33.03159, -18.35054], [32.94133, -17.99705], [33.0492, -17.60298], [32.98536, -17.55891], [32.96554, -17.48964], [33.0426, -17.3468], [33.00517, -17.30477], [32.96554, -17.11971], [32.84113, -16.92259], [32.91051, -16.89446], [32.97655, -16.70689], [32.78943, -16.70267], [32.69917, -16.66893], [32.71017, -16.59932], [32.42838, -16.4727], [32.28529, -16.43892], [32.02772, -16.43892], [31.91324, -16.41569], [31.90223, -16.34388], [31.67988, -16.19595], [31.42451, -16.15154], [31.30563, -16.01193], [31.13171, -15.98019], [30.97761, -16.05848], [30.91597, -15.99924], [30.42568, -15.9962], [30.41902, -15.62269]]]]
+         }
+       }];
+       var borders_default = {
+         type: type,
+         features: features
+       }; // src/country-coder.ts
+
+       var borders = borders_default;
+       var whichPolygonGetter = {};
+       var featuresByCode = {};
+       var idFilterRegex = /(?=(?!^(and|the|of|el|la|de)$))(\b(and|the|of|el|la|de)\b)|[-_ .,'()&[\]/]/gi;
+
+       function canonicalID(id) {
+         var s = id || "";
+
+         if (s.charAt(0) === ".") {
+           return s.toUpperCase();
+         } else {
+           return s.replace(idFilterRegex, "").toUpperCase();
+         }
        }
 
-       //
-       // `presetCategory` builds a `presetCollection` of member presets,
-       // decorated with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
-       //
-       function presetCategory(categoryID, category, all) {
-         let _this = Object.assign({}, category);   // shallow copy
-
-         _this.id = categoryID;
-
-         _this.members = presetCollection(
-           category.members.map(presetID => all.item(presetID)).filter(Boolean)
-         );
-
-         _this.geometry = _this.members.collection
-           .reduce((acc, preset) => {
-             for (let i in preset.geometry) {
-               const geometry = preset.geometry[i];
-               if (acc.indexOf(geometry) === -1) {
-                 acc.push(geometry);
-               }
-             }
-             return acc;
-           }, []);
-
-         _this.matchGeometry = (geom) => _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) >= 0;
-
-         _this.matchAllGeometry = (geometries) => _this.members.collection
-           .some(preset => preset.matchAllGeometry(geometries));
-
-         _this.matchScore = () => -1;
-
-         _this.name = () => _t(`presets.categories.${categoryID}.name`, { 'default': categoryID });
+       var levels = ["subterritory", "territory", "subcountryGroup", "country", "sharedLandform", "intermediateRegion", "subregion", "region", "subunion", "union", "unitedNations", "world"];
+       loadDerivedDataAndCaches(borders);
 
-         _this.terms = () => [];
+       function loadDerivedDataAndCaches(borders2) {
+         var identifierProps = ["iso1A2", "iso1A3", "m49", "wikidata", "emojiFlag", "ccTLD", "nameEn"];
+         var geometryFeatures = [];
+
+         for (var i in borders2.features) {
+           var feature2 = borders2.features[i];
+           feature2.properties.id = feature2.properties.iso1A2 || feature2.properties.m49 || feature2.properties.wikidata;
+           loadM49(feature2);
+           loadTLD(feature2);
+           loadIsoStatus(feature2);
+           loadLevel(feature2);
+           loadGroups(feature2);
+           loadFlag(feature2);
+           cacheFeatureByIDs(feature2);
+           if (feature2.geometry) geometryFeatures.push(feature2);
+         }
+
+         for (var _i in borders2.features) {
+           var _feature = borders2.features[_i];
+           _feature.properties.groups = _feature.properties.groups.map(function (groupID) {
+             return featuresByCode[groupID].properties.id;
+           });
+           loadMembersForGroupsOf(_feature);
+         }
 
+         for (var _i2 in borders2.features) {
+           var _feature2 = borders2.features[_i2];
+           loadRoadSpeedUnit(_feature2);
+           loadRoadHeightUnit(_feature2);
+           loadDriveSide(_feature2);
+           loadCallingCodes(_feature2);
+           loadGroupGroups(_feature2);
+         }
 
-         return _this;
-       }
+         for (var _i3 in borders2.features) {
+           var _feature3 = borders2.features[_i3];
 
-       //
-       // `presetField` decorates a given `field` Object
-       // with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
-       //
-       function presetField(fieldID, field) {
-         let _this = Object.assign({}, field);   // shallow copy
+           _feature3.properties.groups.sort(function (groupID1, groupID2) {
+             return levels.indexOf(featuresByCode[groupID1].properties.level) - levels.indexOf(featuresByCode[groupID2].properties.level);
+           });
 
-         _this.id = fieldID;
+           if (_feature3.properties.members) _feature3.properties.members.sort(function (id1, id2) {
+             var diff = levels.indexOf(featuresByCode[id1].properties.level) - levels.indexOf(featuresByCode[id2].properties.level);
 
-         // for use in classes, element ids, css selectors
-         _this.safeid = utilSafeClassName(fieldID);
+             if (diff === 0) {
+               return borders2.features.indexOf(featuresByCode[id1]) - borders2.features.indexOf(featuresByCode[id2]);
+             }
 
-         _this.matchGeometry = (geom) => !_this.geometry || _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) !== -1;
+             return diff;
+           });
+         }
 
-         _this.matchAllGeometry = (geometries) => {
-           return !_this.geometry || geometries.every(geom => _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) !== -1);
+         var geometryOnlyCollection = {
+           type: "FeatureCollection",
+           features: geometryFeatures
          };
+         whichPolygonGetter = whichPolygon_1(geometryOnlyCollection);
 
-         _this.t = (scope, options) => _t(`presets.fields.${fieldID}.${scope}`, options);
-
-         _this.label = () => _this.overrideLabel || _this.t('label', { 'default': fieldID });
-
-         const _placeholder = _this.placeholder;
-         _this.placeholder = () => _this.t('placeholder', { 'default': _placeholder });
-
-         _this.originalTerms = (_this.terms || []).join();
-
-         _this.terms = () => _this.t('terms', { 'default': _this.originalTerms })
-           .toLowerCase().trim().split(/\s*,+\s*/);
-
-
-         return _this;
-       }
-
-       //
-       // `presetPreset` decorates a given `preset` Object
-       // with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
-       //
-       function presetPreset(presetID, preset, addable, allFields, allPresets) {
-         allFields = allFields || {};
-         allPresets = allPresets || {};
-         let _this = Object.assign({}, preset);   // shallow copy
-         let _addable = addable || false;
-         let _resolvedFields;      // cache
-         let _resolvedMoreFields;  // cache
-
-         _this.id = presetID;
-
-         _this.safeid = utilSafeClassName(presetID);  // for use in css classes, selectors, element ids
-
-         _this.originalTerms = (_this.terms || []).join();
-
-         _this.originalName = _this.name || '';
-
-         _this.originalScore = _this.matchScore || 1;
-
-         _this.originalReference = _this.reference || {};
-
-         _this.originalFields = (_this.fields || []);
-
-         _this.originalMoreFields = (_this.moreFields || []);
-
-         _this.fields = () => _resolvedFields || (_resolvedFields = resolve('fields'));
-
-         _this.moreFields = () => _resolvedMoreFields || (_resolvedMoreFields = resolve('moreFields'));
-
-         _this.resetFields = () => _resolvedFields = _resolvedMoreFields = null;
-
-         _this.tags = _this.tags || {};
-
-         _this.addTags = _this.addTags || _this.tags;
-
-         _this.removeTags = _this.removeTags || _this.addTags;
-
-         _this.geometry = (_this.geometry || []);
-
-         _this.matchGeometry = (geom) => _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) >= 0;
-
-         _this.matchAllGeometry = (geoms) => geoms.every(_this.matchGeometry);
-
-         _this.matchScore = (entityTags) => {
-           const tags = _this.tags;
-           let seen = {};
-           let score = 0;
+         function loadGroups(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
 
-           // match on tags
-           for (let k in tags) {
-             seen[k] = true;
-             if (entityTags[k] === tags[k]) {
-               score += _this.originalScore;
-             } else if (tags[k] === '*' && k in entityTags) {
-               score += _this.originalScore / 2;
-             } else {
-               return -1;
-             }
+           if (!props.groups) {
+             props.groups = [];
            }
 
-           // boost score for additional matches in addTags - #6802
-           const addTags = _this.addTags;
-           for (let k in addTags) {
-             if (!seen[k] && entityTags[k] === addTags[k]) {
-               score += _this.originalScore;
-             }
+           if (feature2.geometry && props.country) {
+             props.groups.push(props.country);
            }
 
-           return score;
-         };
-
-
-         let _textCache = {};
-         _this.t = (scope, options) => {
-           const textID = `presets.presets.${presetID}.${scope}`;
-           if (_textCache[textID]) return _textCache[textID];
-           return _textCache[textID] = _t(textID, options);
-         };
-
-
-         _this.name = () => {
-           if (_this.suggestion) {
-             let path = presetID.split('/');
-             path.pop();  // remove brand name
-             // NOTE: insert an en-dash, not a hypen (to avoid conflict with fr - nl names in Brussels etc)
-             return _this.originalName + ' – ' + _t('presets.presets.' + path.join('/') + '.name');
+           if (props.m49 !== "001") {
+             props.groups.push("001");
            }
-           return _this.t('name', { 'default': _this.originalName });
-         };
-
-
-         _this.terms = () => _this.t('terms', { 'default': _this.originalTerms })
-           .toLowerCase().trim().split(/\s*,+\s*/);
-
-
-         _this.isFallback = () => {
-           const tagCount = Object.keys(_this.tags).length;
-           return tagCount === 0 || (tagCount === 1 && _this.tags.hasOwnProperty('area'));
-         };
-
-
-         _this.addable = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _addable;
-           _addable = val;
-           return _this;
-         };
+         }
 
+         function loadM49(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
 
-         _this.reference = (geom) => {
-           // Lookup documentation on Wikidata...
-           const qid = _this.tags.wikidata || _this.tags['brand:wikidata'] || _this.tags['operator:wikidata'];
-           if (qid) {
-             return { qid: qid };
+           if (!props.m49 && props.iso1N3) {
+             props.m49 = props.iso1N3;
            }
+         }
 
-           // Lookup documentation on OSM Wikibase...
-           let key = _this.originalReference.key || Object.keys(utilObjectOmit(_this.tags, 'name'))[0];
-           let value = _this.originalReference.value || _this.tags[key];
-
-           if (geom === 'relation' && key === 'type') {
-             if (value in _this.tags) {
-               key = value;
-               value = _this.tags[key];
-             } else {
-               return { rtype: value };
-             }
-           }
+         function loadTLD(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
+           if (props.level === "unitedNations") return;
 
-           if (value === '*') {
-             return { key: key };
-           } else {
-             return { key: key, value: value };
+           if (!props.ccTLD && props.iso1A2) {
+             props.ccTLD = "." + props.iso1A2.toLowerCase();
            }
-         };
-
+         }
 
-         _this.unsetTags = (tags, geometry, skipFieldDefaults) => {
-           tags = utilObjectOmit(tags, Object.keys(_this.removeTags));
+         function loadIsoStatus(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
 
-           if (geometry && !skipFieldDefaults) {
-             _this.fields().forEach(field => {
-               if (field.matchGeometry(geometry) && field.key && field.default === tags[field.key]) {
-                 delete tags[field.key];
-               }
-             });
+           if (!props.isoStatus && props.iso1A2) {
+             props.isoStatus = "official";
            }
+         }
 
-           delete tags.area;
-           return tags;
-         };
-
-
-         _this.setTags = (tags, geometry, skipFieldDefaults) => {
-           const addTags = _this.addTags;
-           tags = Object.assign({}, tags);   // shallow copy
+         function loadLevel(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
+           if (props.level) return;
 
-           for (let k in addTags) {
-             if (addTags[k] === '*') {
-               tags[k] = 'yes';
-             } else {
-               tags[k] = addTags[k];
-             }
+           if (!props.country) {
+             props.level = "country";
+           } else if (!props.iso1A2 || props.isoStatus === "official") {
+             props.level = "territory";
+           } else {
+             props.level = "subterritory";
            }
+         }
 
-           // Add area=yes if necessary.
-           // This is necessary if the geometry is already an area (e.g. user drew an area) AND any of:
-           // 1. chosen preset could be either an area or a line (`barrier=city_wall`)
-           // 2. chosen preset doesn't have a key in osmAreaKeys (`railway=station`)
-           if (!addTags.hasOwnProperty('area')) {
-             delete tags.area;
-             if (geometry === 'area') {
-               let needsAreaTag = true;
-               if (_this.geometry.indexOf('line') === -1) {
-                 for (let k in addTags) {
-                   if (k in osmAreaKeys) {
-                     needsAreaTag = false;
-                     break;
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
-               if (needsAreaTag) {
-                 tags.area = 'yes';
-               }
-             }
-           }
+         function loadGroupGroups(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
+           if (feature2.geometry || !props.members) return;
+           var featureLevelIndex = levels.indexOf(props.level);
+           var sharedGroups = [];
 
-           if (geometry && !skipFieldDefaults) {
-             _this.fields().forEach(field => {
-               if (field.matchGeometry(geometry) && field.key && !tags[field.key] && field.default) {
-                 tags[field.key] = field.default;
-               }
+           var _loop = function _loop(_i4) {
+             var memberID = props.members[_i4];
+             var member = featuresByCode[memberID];
+             var memberGroups = member.properties.groups.filter(function (groupID) {
+               return groupID !== feature2.properties.id && featureLevelIndex < levels.indexOf(featuresByCode[groupID].properties.level);
              });
-           }
-
-           return tags;
-         };
-
-
-         // For a preset without fields, use the fields of the parent preset.
-         // Replace {preset} placeholders with the fields of the specified presets.
-         function resolve(which) {
-           const fieldIDs = (which === 'fields' ? _this.originalFields : _this.originalMoreFields);
-           let resolved = [];
 
-           fieldIDs.forEach(fieldID => {
-             const match = fieldID.match(/\{(.*)\}/);
-             if (match !== null) {    // a presetID wrapped in braces {}
-               resolved = resolved.concat(inheritFields(match[1], which));
-             } else if (allFields[fieldID]) {    // a normal fieldID
-               resolved.push(allFields[fieldID]);
+             if (_i4 === "0") {
+               sharedGroups = memberGroups;
              } else {
-               console.log(`Cannot resolve "${fieldID}" found in ${_this.id}.${which}`);  // eslint-disable-line no-console
+               sharedGroups = sharedGroups.filter(function (groupID) {
+                 return memberGroups.indexOf(groupID) !== -1;
+               });
              }
-           });
+           };
 
-           // no fields resolved, so use the parent's if possible
-           if (!resolved.length) {
-             const endIndex = _this.id.lastIndexOf('/');
-             const parentID = endIndex && _this.id.substring(0, endIndex);
-             if (parentID) {
-               resolved = inheritFields(parentID, which);
-             }
+           for (var _i4 in props.members) {
+             _loop(_i4);
            }
 
-           return utilArrayUniq(resolved);
-
+           props.groups = props.groups.concat(sharedGroups.filter(function (groupID) {
+             return props.groups.indexOf(groupID) === -1;
+           }));
 
-           // returns an array of fields to inherit from the given presetID, if found
-           function inheritFields(presetID, which) {
-             const parent = allPresets[presetID];
-             if (!parent) return [];
+           for (var j in sharedGroups) {
+             var groupFeature = featuresByCode[sharedGroups[j]];
 
-             if (which === 'fields') {
-               return parent.fields().filter(shouldInherit);
-             } else if (which === 'moreFields') {
-               return parent.moreFields();
-             } else {
-               return [];
+             if (groupFeature.properties.members.indexOf(props.id) === -1) {
+               groupFeature.properties.members.push(props.id);
              }
            }
+         }
 
+         function loadRoadSpeedUnit(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
 
-           // Skip `fields` for the keys which define the preset.
-           // These are usually `typeCombo` fields like `shop=*`
-           function shouldInherit(f) {
-             if (f.key && _this.tags[f.key] !== undefined &&
-               // inherit anyway if multiple values are allowed or just a checkbox
-               f.type !== 'multiCombo' && f.type !== 'semiCombo' && f.type !== 'check'
-             ) return false;
-
-             return true;
+           if (feature2.geometry) {
+             if (!props.roadSpeedUnit) props.roadSpeedUnit = "km/h";
+           } else if (props.members) {
+             var vals = Array.from(new Set(props.members.map(function (id) {
+               var member = featuresByCode[id];
+               if (member.geometry) return member.properties.roadSpeedUnit || "km/h";
+             }).filter(Boolean)));
+             if (vals.length === 1) props.roadSpeedUnit = vals[0];
            }
          }
 
+         function loadRoadHeightUnit(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
 
-         return _this;
-       }
-
-       let _mainPresetIndex = presetIndex(); // singleton
-
-       //
-       // `presetIndex` wraps a `presetCollection`
-       // with methods for loading new data and returning defaults
-       //
-       function presetIndex() {
-         const dispatch$1 = dispatch('favoritePreset', 'recentsChange');
-         const MAXRECENTS = 30;
-
-         // seed the preset lists with geometry fallbacks
-         const POINT = presetPreset('point', { name: 'Point', tags: {}, geometry: ['point', 'vertex'], matchScore: 0.1 } );
-         const LINE = presetPreset('line', { name: 'Line', tags: {}, geometry: ['line'], matchScore: 0.1 } );
-         const AREA = presetPreset('area', { name: 'Area', tags: { area: 'yes' }, geometry: ['area'], matchScore: 0.1 } );
-         const RELATION = presetPreset('relation', { name: 'Relation', tags: {}, geometry: ['relation'], matchScore: 0.1 } );
-
-         let _this = presetCollection([POINT, LINE, AREA, RELATION]);
-         let _presets = { point: POINT, line: LINE, area: AREA, relation: RELATION };
-
-         let _defaults = {
-           point: presetCollection([POINT]),
-           vertex: presetCollection([POINT]),
-           line: presetCollection([LINE]),
-           area: presetCollection([AREA]),
-           relation: presetCollection([RELATION])
-         };
-
-         let _fields = {};
-         let _categories = {};
-         let _universal = [];
-         let _addablePresetIDs = null;   // Set of preset IDs that the user can add
-         let _recents;
-         let _favorites;
-
-         // Index of presets by (geometry, tag key).
-         let _geometryIndex = { point: {}, vertex: {}, line: {}, area: {}, relation: {} };
-
-         let _loadPromise;
-
-         _this.ensureLoaded = () => {
-           if (_loadPromise) return _loadPromise;
-
-           return _loadPromise = Promise.all([
-               _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_categories'),
-               _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_defaults'),
-               _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_presets'),
-               _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_fields')
-             ])
-             .then(vals => {
-               _this.merge({
-                 categories: vals[0],
-                 defaults: vals[1],
-                 presets: vals[2],
-                 fields: vals[3]
-               });
-               osmSetAreaKeys(_this.areaKeys());
-               osmSetPointTags(_this.pointTags());
-               osmSetVertexTags(_this.vertexTags());
-             });
-         };
-
-
-         _this.merge = (d) => {
-           // Merge Fields
-           if (d.fields) {
-             Object.keys(d.fields).forEach(fieldID => {
-               const f = d.fields[fieldID];
-               if (f) {   // add or replace
-                 _fields[fieldID] = presetField(fieldID, f);
-               } else {   // remove
-                 delete _fields[fieldID];
-               }
-             });
-           }
-
-           // Merge Presets
-           if (d.presets) {
-             Object.keys(d.presets).forEach(presetID => {
-               const p = d.presets[presetID];
-               if (p) {   // add or replace
-                 const isAddable = !_addablePresetIDs || _addablePresetIDs.has(presetID);
-                 _presets[presetID] = presetPreset(presetID, p, isAddable, _fields, _presets);
-               } else {   // remove (but not if it's a fallback)
-                 const existing = _presets[presetID];
-                 if (existing && !existing.isFallback()) {
-                   delete _presets[presetID];
-                 }
-               }
-             });
+           if (feature2.geometry) {
+             if (!props.roadHeightUnit) props.roadHeightUnit = "m";
+           } else if (props.members) {
+             var vals = Array.from(new Set(props.members.map(function (id) {
+               var member = featuresByCode[id];
+               if (member.geometry) return member.properties.roadHeightUnit || "m";
+             }).filter(Boolean)));
+             if (vals.length === 1) props.roadHeightUnit = vals[0];
            }
+         }
 
-           // Need to rebuild _this.collection before loading categories
-           _this.collection = Object.values(_presets).concat(Object.values(_categories));
+         function loadDriveSide(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
 
-           // Merge Categories
-           if (d.categories) {
-             Object.keys(d.categories).forEach(categoryID => {
-               const c = d.categories[categoryID];
-               if (c) {   // add or replace
-                 _categories[categoryID] = presetCategory(categoryID, c, _this);
-               } else {   // remove
-                 delete _categories[categoryID];
-               }
-             });
+           if (feature2.geometry) {
+             if (!props.driveSide) props.driveSide = "right";
+           } else if (props.members) {
+             var vals = Array.from(new Set(props.members.map(function (id) {
+               var member = featuresByCode[id];
+               if (member.geometry) return member.properties.driveSide || "right";
+             }).filter(Boolean)));
+             if (vals.length === 1) props.driveSide = vals[0];
            }
+         }
 
-           // Rebuild _this.collection after loading categories
-           _this.collection = Object.values(_presets).concat(Object.values(_categories));
+         function loadCallingCodes(feature2) {
+           var props = feature2.properties;
 
-           // Merge Defaults
-           if (d.defaults) {
-             Object.keys(d.defaults).forEach(geometry => {
-               const def = d.defaults[geometry];
-               if (Array.isArray(def)) {   // add or replace
-                 _defaults[geometry] = presetCollection(
-                   def.map(id => _presets[id] || _categories[id]).filter(Boolean)
-                 );
-               } else {   // remove
-                 delete _defaults[geometry];
-               }
-             });
+           if (!feature2.geometry && props.members) {
+             props.callingCodes = Array.from(new Set(props.members.reduce(function (array, id) {
+               var member = featuresByCode[id];
+               if (member.geometry && member.properties.callingCodes) return array.concat(member.properties.callingCodes);
+               return array;
+             }, [])));
            }
+         }
 
-           // Rebuild universal fields array
-           _universal = Object.values(_fields).filter(field => field.universal);
-
-           // Reset all the preset fields - they'll need to be resolved again
-           Object.values(_presets).forEach(preset => preset.resetFields());
-
-           // Rebuild geometry index
-           _geometryIndex = { point: {}, vertex: {}, line: {}, area: {}, relation: {} };
-           _this.collection.forEach(preset => {
-             (preset.geometry || []).forEach(geometry => {
-               let g = _geometryIndex[geometry];
-               for (let key in preset.tags) {
-                 (g[key] = g[key] || []).push(preset);
-               }
-             });
-           });
-
-           return _this;
-         };
-
-
-         _this.match = (entity, resolver) => {
-           return resolver.transient(entity, 'presetMatch', () => {
-             let geometry = entity.geometry(resolver);
-             // Treat entities on addr:interpolation lines as points, not vertices - #3241
-             if (geometry === 'vertex' && entity.isOnAddressLine(resolver)) {
-               geometry = 'point';
-             }
-             return _this.matchTags(entity.tags, geometry);
+         function loadFlag(feature2) {
+           if (!feature2.properties.iso1A2) return;
+           var flag = feature2.properties.iso1A2.replace(/./g, function (_char) {
+             return String.fromCodePoint(_char.charCodeAt(0) + 127397);
            });
-         };
-
-
-         _this.matchTags = (tags, geometry) => {
-           const geometryMatches = _geometryIndex[geometry];
-           let address;
-           let best = -1;
-           let match;
-
-           for (let k in tags) {
-             // If any part of an address is present, allow fallback to "Address" preset - #4353
-             if (/^addr:/.test(k) && geometryMatches['addr:*']) {
-               address = geometryMatches['addr:*'][0];
-             }
-
-             const keyMatches = geometryMatches[k];
-             if (!keyMatches) continue;
-
-             for (let i = 0; i < keyMatches.length; i++) {
-               const score = keyMatches[i].matchScore(tags);
-               if (score > best) {
-                 best = score;
-                 match = keyMatches[i];
-               }
-             }
-           }
+           feature2.properties.emojiFlag = flag;
+         }
 
-           if (address && (!match || match.isFallback())) {
-             match = address;
+         function loadMembersForGroupsOf(feature2) {
+           for (var j in feature2.properties.groups) {
+             var groupID = feature2.properties.groups[j];
+             var groupFeature = featuresByCode[groupID];
+             if (!groupFeature.properties.members) groupFeature.properties.members = [];
+             groupFeature.properties.members.push(feature2.properties.id);
            }
-           return match || _this.fallback(geometry);
-         };
-
-
-         _this.allowsVertex = (entity, resolver) => {
-           if (entity.type !== 'node') return false;
-           if (Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0) return true;
-
-           return resolver.transient(entity, 'vertexMatch', () => {
-             // address lines allow vertices to act as standalone points
-             if (entity.isOnAddressLine(resolver)) return true;
-
-             const geometries = osmNodeGeometriesForTags(entity.tags);
-             if (geometries.vertex) return true;
-             if (geometries.point) return false;
-             // allow vertices for unspecified points
-             return true;
-           });
-         };
-
-
-         // Because of the open nature of tagging, iD will never have a complete
-         // list of tags used in OSM, so we want it to have logic like "assume
-         // that a closed way with an amenity tag is an area, unless the amenity
-         // is one of these specific types". This function computes a structure
-         // that allows testing of such conditions, based on the presets designated
-         // as as supporting (or not supporting) the area geometry.
-         //
-         // The returned object L is a keeplist/discardlist of tags. A closed way
-         // with a tag (k, v) is considered to be an area if `k in L && !(v in L[k])`
-         // (see `Way#isArea()`). In other words, the keys of L form the keeplist,
-         // and the subkeys form the discardlist.
-         _this.areaKeys = () => {
-           // The ignore list is for keys that imply lines. (We always add `area=yes` for exceptions)
-           const ignore = ['barrier', 'highway', 'footway', 'railway', 'junction', 'type'];
-           let areaKeys = {};
+         }
 
-           // ignore name-suggestion-index and deprecated presets
-           const presets = _this.collection.filter(p => !p.suggestion && !p.replacement);
+         function cacheFeatureByIDs(feature2) {
+           var ids = [];
 
-           // keeplist
-           presets.forEach(p => {
-             let key;
-             for (key in p.tags) break;  // pick the first tag
-             if (!key) return;
-             if (ignore.indexOf(key) !== -1) return;
+           for (var k in identifierProps) {
+             var prop = identifierProps[k];
+             var id = feature2.properties[prop];
+             if (id) ids.push(id);
+           }
 
-             if (p.geometry.indexOf('area') !== -1) {    // probably an area..
-               areaKeys[key] = areaKeys[key] || {};
+           if (feature2.properties.aliases) {
+             for (var j in feature2.properties.aliases) {
+               ids.push(feature2.properties.aliases[j]);
              }
-           });
+           }
 
-           // discardlist
-           presets.forEach(p => {
-             let key;
-             for (key in p.addTags) {
-               // examine all addTags to get a better sense of what can be tagged on lines - #6800
-               const value = p.addTags[key];
-               if (key in areaKeys &&                    // probably an area...
-                 p.geometry.indexOf('line') !== -1 &&    // but sometimes a line
-                 value !== '*') {
-                 areaKeys[key][value] = true;
-               }
-             }
-           });
+           for (var _i5 in ids) {
+             var _id = canonicalID(ids[_i5]);
 
-           return areaKeys;
-         };
+             featuresByCode[_id] = feature2;
+           }
+         }
+       }
 
+       function locArray(loc) {
+         if (Array.isArray(loc)) {
+           return loc;
+         } else if (loc.coordinates) {
+           return loc.coordinates;
+         }
 
-         _this.pointTags = () => {
-           return _this.collection.reduce((pointTags, d) => {
-             // ignore name-suggestion-index, deprecated, and generic presets
-             if (d.suggestion || d.replacement || d.searchable === false) return pointTags;
+         return loc.geometry.coordinates;
+       }
 
-             // only care about the primary tag
-             let key;
-             for (key in d.tags) break;  // pick the first tag
-             if (!key) return pointTags;
+       function smallestFeature(loc) {
+         var query = locArray(loc);
+         var featureProperties = whichPolygonGetter(query);
+         if (!featureProperties) return null;
+         return featuresByCode[featureProperties.id];
+       }
 
-             // if this can be a point
-             if (d.geometry.indexOf('point') !== -1) {
-               pointTags[key] = pointTags[key] || {};
-               pointTags[key][d.tags[key]] = true;
-             }
-             return pointTags;
-           }, {});
-         };
+       function countryFeature(loc) {
+         var feature2 = smallestFeature(loc);
+         if (!feature2) return null;
+         var countryCode = feature2.properties.country || feature2.properties.iso1A2;
+         return featuresByCode[countryCode] || null;
+       }
 
+       var defaultOpts = {
+         level: void 0,
+         maxLevel: void 0,
+         withProp: void 0
+       };
 
-         _this.vertexTags = () => {
-           return _this.collection.reduce((vertexTags, d) => {
-             // ignore name-suggestion-index, deprecated, and generic presets
-             if (d.suggestion || d.replacement || d.searchable === false) return vertexTags;
+       function featureForLoc(loc, opts) {
+         var targetLevel = opts.level || "country";
+         var maxLevel = opts.maxLevel || "world";
+         var withProp = opts.withProp;
+         var targetLevelIndex = levels.indexOf(targetLevel);
+         if (targetLevelIndex === -1) return null;
+         var maxLevelIndex = levels.indexOf(maxLevel);
+         if (maxLevelIndex === -1) return null;
+         if (maxLevelIndex < targetLevelIndex) return null;
 
-             // only care about the primary tag
-             let key;
-             for (key in d.tags) break;   // pick the first tag
-             if (!key) return vertexTags;
+         if (targetLevel === "country") {
+           var fastFeature = countryFeature(loc);
 
-             // if this can be a vertex
-             if (d.geometry.indexOf('vertex') !== -1) {
-               vertexTags[key] = vertexTags[key] || {};
-               vertexTags[key][d.tags[key]] = true;
+           if (fastFeature) {
+             if (!withProp || fastFeature.properties[withProp]) {
+               return fastFeature;
              }
-             return vertexTags;
-           }, {});
-         };
-
-
-         _this.field = (id) => _fields[id];
-
-         _this.universal = () => _universal;
-
-
-         _this.defaults = (geometry, n, startWithRecents) => {
-           let recents = [];
-           if (startWithRecents) {
-             recents = _this.recent().matchGeometry(geometry).collection.slice(0, 4);
-           }
-           let defaults;
-           if (_addablePresetIDs) {
-             defaults = Array.from(_addablePresetIDs).map(function(id) {
-               var preset = _this.item(id);
-               if (preset && preset.matchGeometry(geometry)) return preset;
-               return null;
-             }).filter(Boolean);
-           } else {
-             defaults = _defaults[geometry].collection.concat(_this.fallback(geometry));
            }
+         }
 
-           return presetCollection(
-             utilArrayUniq(recents.concat(defaults)).slice(0, n - 1)
-           );
-         };
-
-         // pass a Set of addable preset ids
-         _this.addablePresetIDs = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _addablePresetIDs;
+         var features2 = featuresContaining(loc);
 
-           // accept and convert arrays
-           if (Array.isArray(val)) val = new Set(val);
+         for (var i in features2) {
+           var feature2 = features2[i];
+           var levelIndex = levels.indexOf(feature2.properties.level);
 
-           _addablePresetIDs = val;
-           if (_addablePresetIDs) {   // reset all presets
-             _this.collection.forEach(p => {
-               // categories aren't addable
-               if (p.addable) p.addable(_addablePresetIDs.has(p.id));
-             });
-           } else {
-             _this.collection.forEach(p => {
-               if (p.addable) p.addable(true);
-             });
+           if (feature2.properties.level === targetLevel || levelIndex > targetLevelIndex && levelIndex <= maxLevelIndex) {
+             if (!withProp || feature2.properties[withProp]) {
+               return feature2;
+             }
            }
+         }
 
-           return _this;
-         };
-
-
-         _this.recent = () => {
-           return presetCollection(
-             utilArrayUniq(_this.getRecents().map(d => d.preset))
-           );
-         };
-
-
-         function RibbonItem(preset, source) {
-           let item = {};
-           item.preset = preset;
-           item.source = source;
-
-           item.isFavorite = () => item.source === 'favorite';
-           item.isRecent = () => item.source === 'recent';
-           item.matches = (preset) => item.preset.id === preset.id;
-           item.minified = () => ({ pID: item.preset.id });
+         return null;
+       }
 
-           return item;
-         }
+       function featureForID(id) {
+         var stringID;
 
+         if (typeof id === "number") {
+           stringID = id.toString();
 
-         function ribbonItemForMinified(d, source) {
-           if (d && d.pID) {
-             const preset = _this.item(d.pID);
-             if (!preset) return null;
-             return RibbonItem(preset, source);
+           if (stringID.length === 1) {
+             stringID = "00" + stringID;
+           } else if (stringID.length === 2) {
+             stringID = "0" + stringID;
            }
-           return null;
+         } else {
+           stringID = canonicalID(id);
          }
 
+         return featuresByCode[stringID] || null;
+       }
 
-         _this.getGenericRibbonItems = () => {
-           return ['point', 'line', 'area'].map(id => RibbonItem(_this.item(id), 'generic'));
-         };
-
+       function smallestFeaturesForBbox(bbox) {
+         return whichPolygonGetter.bbox(bbox).map(function (props) {
+           return featuresByCode[props.id];
+         });
+       }
 
-         _this.getAddable = () => {
-             if (!_addablePresetIDs) return [];
+       function smallestOrMatchingFeature(query) {
+         if (_typeof(query) === "object") {
+           return smallestFeature(query);
+         }
 
-             return _addablePresetIDs.map((id) => {
-               const preset = _this.item(id);
-               if (preset) {
-                 return RibbonItem(preset, 'addable');
-               }
-             }).filter(Boolean);
-         };
+         return featureForID(query);
+       }
 
+       function feature$1(query) {
+         var opts = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : defaultOpts;
 
-         function setRecents(items) {
-           _recents = items;
-           const minifiedItems = items.map(d => d.minified());
-           corePreferences('preset_recents', JSON.stringify(minifiedItems));
-           dispatch$1.call('recentsChange');
+         if (_typeof(query) === "object") {
+           return featureForLoc(query, opts);
          }
 
+         return featureForID(query);
+       }
 
-         _this.getRecents = () => {
-           if (!_recents) {
-             // fetch from local storage
-             _recents = (JSON.parse(corePreferences('preset_recents')) || [])
-               .reduce((acc, d) => {
-                 let item = ribbonItemForMinified(d, 'recent');
-                 if (item && item.preset.addable()) acc.push(item);
-                 return acc;
-               }, []);
-           }
-           return _recents;
-         };
-
+       function iso1A2Code(query) {
+         var opts = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : defaultOpts;
+         opts.withProp = "iso1A2";
+         var match = feature$1(query, opts);
+         if (!match) return null;
+         return match.properties.iso1A2 || null;
+       }
 
-         _this.addRecent = (preset, besidePreset, after) => {
-           const recents = _this.getRecents();
+       function featuresContaining(query, strict) {
+         var matchingFeatures;
 
-           const beforeItem = _this.recentMatching(besidePreset);
-           let toIndex = recents.indexOf(beforeItem);
-           if (after) toIndex += 1;
+         if (Array.isArray(query) && query.length === 4) {
+           matchingFeatures = smallestFeaturesForBbox(query);
+         } else {
+           var smallestOrMatching = smallestOrMatchingFeature(query);
+           matchingFeatures = smallestOrMatching ? [smallestOrMatching] : [];
+         }
 
-           const newItem = RibbonItem(preset, 'recent');
-           recents.splice(toIndex, 0, newItem);
-           setRecents(recents);
-         };
+         if (!matchingFeatures.length) return [];
+         var returnFeatures;
 
+         if (!strict || _typeof(query) === "object") {
+           returnFeatures = matchingFeatures.slice();
+         } else {
+           returnFeatures = [];
+         }
 
-         _this.removeRecent = (preset) => {
-           const item = _this.recentMatching(preset);
-           if (item) {
-             let items = _this.getRecents();
-             items.splice(items.indexOf(item), 1);
-             setRecents(items);
-           }
-         };
+         for (var j in matchingFeatures) {
+           var properties = matchingFeatures[j].properties;
 
+           for (var i in properties.groups) {
+             var groupID = properties.groups[i];
+             var groupFeature = featuresByCode[groupID];
 
-         _this.recentMatching = (preset) => {
-           const items = _this.getRecents();
-           for (let i in items) {
-             if (items[i].matches(preset)) {
-               return items[i];
+             if (returnFeatures.indexOf(groupFeature) === -1) {
+               returnFeatures.push(groupFeature);
              }
            }
-           return null;
-         };
+         }
 
+         return returnFeatures;
+       }
 
-         _this.moveItem = (items, fromIndex, toIndex) => {
-           if (fromIndex === toIndex ||
-             fromIndex < 0 || toIndex < 0 ||
-             fromIndex >= items.length || toIndex >= items.length
-           ) return null;
+       function featuresIn(id, strict) {
+         var feature2 = featureForID(id);
+         if (!feature2) return [];
+         var features2 = [];
 
-           items.splice(toIndex, 0, items.splice(fromIndex, 1)[0]);
-           return items;
-         };
+         if (!strict) {
+           features2.push(feature2);
+         }
 
+         var properties = feature2.properties;
 
-         _this.moveRecent = (item, beforeItem) => {
-           const recents = _this.getRecents();
-           const fromIndex = recents.indexOf(item);
-           const toIndex = recents.indexOf(beforeItem);
-           const items = _this.moveItem(recents, fromIndex, toIndex);
-           if (items) setRecents(items);
-         };
+         if (properties.members) {
+           for (var i in properties.members) {
+             var memberID = properties.members[i];
+             features2.push(featuresByCode[memberID]);
+           }
+         }
 
+         return features2;
+       }
 
-         _this.setMostRecent = (preset) => {
-           if (preset.searchable === false) return;
+       function aggregateFeature(id) {
+         var features2 = featuresIn(id, false);
+         if (features2.length === 0) return null;
+         var aggregateCoordinates = [];
 
-           let items = _this.getRecents();
-           let item = _this.recentMatching(preset);
-           if (item) {
-             items.splice(items.indexOf(item), 1);
-           } else {
-             item = RibbonItem(preset, 'recent');
-           }
+         for (var i in features2) {
+           var feature2 = features2[i];
 
-           // remove the last recent (first in, first out)
-           while (items.length >= MAXRECENTS) {
-             items.pop();
+           if (feature2.geometry && feature2.geometry.type === "MultiPolygon" && feature2.geometry.coordinates) {
+             aggregateCoordinates = aggregateCoordinates.concat(feature2.geometry.coordinates);
            }
+         }
 
-           // prepend array
-           items.unshift(item);
-           setRecents(items);
+         return {
+           type: "Feature",
+           properties: features2[0].properties,
+           geometry: {
+             type: "MultiPolygon",
+             coordinates: aggregateCoordinates
+           }
          };
+       }
 
-         function setFavorites(items) {
-           _favorites = items;
-           const minifiedItems = items.map(d => d.minified());
-           corePreferences('preset_favorites', JSON.stringify(minifiedItems));
+       function roadSpeedUnit(query) {
+         var feature2 = smallestOrMatchingFeature(query);
+         return feature2 && feature2.properties.roadSpeedUnit || null;
+       }
 
-           // call update
-           dispatch$1.call('favoritePreset');
-         }
+       function roadHeightUnit(query) {
+         var feature2 = smallestOrMatchingFeature(query);
+         return feature2 && feature2.properties.roadHeightUnit || null;
+       }
 
-         _this.addFavorite = (preset, besidePreset, after) => {
-             const favorites = _this.getFavorites();
+       var geojsonArea = {};
 
-             const beforeItem = _this.favoriteMatching(besidePreset);
-             let toIndex = favorites.indexOf(beforeItem);
-             if (after) toIndex += 1;
+       var wgs84$1 = {};
 
-             const newItem = RibbonItem(preset, 'favorite');
-             favorites.splice(toIndex, 0, newItem);
-             setFavorites(favorites);
-         };
+       wgs84$1.RADIUS = 6378137;
+       wgs84$1.FLATTENING = 1 / 298.257223563;
+       wgs84$1.POLAR_RADIUS = 6356752.3142;
 
-         _this.toggleFavorite = (preset) => {
-           const favs = _this.getFavorites();
-           const favorite = _this.favoriteMatching(preset);
-           if (favorite) {
-             favs.splice(favs.indexOf(favorite), 1);
-           } else {
-             // only allow 10 favorites
-             if (favs.length === 10) {
-                 // remove the last favorite (last in, first out)
-                 favs.pop();
-             }
-             // append array
-             favs.push(RibbonItem(preset, 'favorite'));
-           }
-           setFavorites(favs);
-         };
+       var wgs84 = wgs84$1;
+       geojsonArea.geometry = geometry;
+       geojsonArea.ring = ringArea;
 
+       function geometry(_) {
+         var area = 0,
+             i;
 
-         _this.removeFavorite = (preset) => {
-           const item = _this.favoriteMatching(preset);
-           if (item) {
-             const items = _this.getFavorites();
-             items.splice(items.indexOf(item), 1);
-             setFavorites(items);
-           }
-         };
+         switch (_.type) {
+           case 'Polygon':
+             return polygonArea(_.coordinates);
 
+           case 'MultiPolygon':
+             for (i = 0; i < _.coordinates.length; i++) {
+               area += polygonArea(_.coordinates[i]);
+             }
 
-         _this.getFavorites = () => {
-           if (!_favorites) {
+             return area;
 
-             // fetch from local storage
-             let rawFavorites = JSON.parse(corePreferences('preset_favorites'));
+           case 'Point':
+           case 'MultiPoint':
+           case 'LineString':
+           case 'MultiLineString':
+             return 0;
 
-             if (!rawFavorites) {
-               rawFavorites = [];
-               corePreferences('preset_favorites', JSON.stringify(rawFavorites));
+           case 'GeometryCollection':
+             for (i = 0; i < _.geometries.length; i++) {
+               area += geometry(_.geometries[i]);
              }
 
-             _favorites = rawFavorites.reduce((output, d) => {
-               const item = ribbonItemForMinified(d, 'favorite');
-               if (item && item.preset.addable()) output.push(item);
-               return output;
-             }, []);
-           }
-           return _favorites;
-         };
+             return area;
+         }
+       }
 
+       function polygonArea(coords) {
+         var area = 0;
 
-         _this.favoriteMatching = (preset) => {
-           const favs = _this.getFavorites();
-           for (let index in favs) {
-             if (favs[index].matches(preset)) {
-               return favs[index];
-             }
-           }
-           return null;
-         };
+         if (coords && coords.length > 0) {
+           area += Math.abs(ringArea(coords[0]));
 
+           for (var i = 1; i < coords.length; i++) {
+             area -= Math.abs(ringArea(coords[i]));
+           }
+         }
 
-         return utilRebind(_this, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return area;
        }
+       /**
+        * Calculate the approximate area of the polygon were it projected onto
+        *     the earth.  Note that this area will be positive if ring is oriented
+        *     clockwise, otherwise it will be negative.
+        *
+        * Reference:
+        * Robert. G. Chamberlain and William H. Duquette, "Some Algorithms for
+        *     Polygons on a Sphere", JPL Publication 07-03, Jet Propulsion
+        *     Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, June 2007 http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/handle/2014/40409
+        *
+        * Returns:
+        * {float} The approximate signed geodesic area of the polygon in square
+        *     meters.
+        */
 
-       function utilTagText(entity) {
-           var obj = (entity && entity.tags) || {};
-           return Object.keys(obj)
-               .map(function(k) { return k + '=' + obj[k]; })
-               .join(', ');
-       }
 
+       function ringArea(coords) {
+         var p1,
+             p2,
+             p3,
+             lowerIndex,
+             middleIndex,
+             upperIndex,
+             i,
+             area = 0,
+             coordsLength = coords.length;
+
+         if (coordsLength > 2) {
+           for (i = 0; i < coordsLength; i++) {
+             if (i === coordsLength - 2) {
+               // i = N-2
+               lowerIndex = coordsLength - 2;
+               middleIndex = coordsLength - 1;
+               upperIndex = 0;
+             } else if (i === coordsLength - 1) {
+               // i = N-1
+               lowerIndex = coordsLength - 1;
+               middleIndex = 0;
+               upperIndex = 1;
+             } else {
+               // i = 0 to N-3
+               lowerIndex = i;
+               middleIndex = i + 1;
+               upperIndex = i + 2;
+             }
 
-       function utilTotalExtent(array, graph) {
-           var extent = geoExtent();
-           var val, entity;
-           for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
-               val = array[i];
-               entity = typeof val === 'string' ? graph.hasEntity(val) : val;
-               if (entity) {
-                   extent._extend(entity.extent(graph));
-               }
+             p1 = coords[lowerIndex];
+             p2 = coords[middleIndex];
+             p3 = coords[upperIndex];
+             area += (rad(p3[0]) - rad(p1[0])) * Math.sin(rad(p2[1]));
            }
-           return extent;
-       }
 
+           area = area * wgs84.RADIUS * wgs84.RADIUS / 2;
+         }
 
-       function utilTagDiff(oldTags, newTags) {
-           var tagDiff = [];
-           var keys = utilArrayUnion(Object.keys(oldTags), Object.keys(newTags)).sort();
-           keys.forEach(function(k) {
-               var oldVal = oldTags[k];
-               var newVal = newTags[k];
-
-               if ((oldVal || oldVal === '') && (newVal === undefined || newVal !== oldVal)) {
-                   tagDiff.push({
-                       type: '-',
-                       key: k,
-                       oldVal: oldVal,
-                       newVal: newVal,
-                       display: '- ' + k + '=' + oldVal
-                   });
-               }
-               if ((newVal || newVal === '') && (oldVal === undefined || newVal !== oldVal)) {
-                   tagDiff.push({
-                       type: '+',
-                       key: k,
-                       oldVal: oldVal,
-                       newVal: newVal,
-                       display: '+ ' + k + '=' + newVal
-                   });
-               }
-           });
-           return tagDiff;
+         return area;
        }
 
-
-       function utilEntitySelector(ids) {
-           return ids.length ? '.' + ids.join(',.') : 'nothing';
+       function rad(_) {
+         return _ * Math.PI / 180;
        }
 
+       var inputValidation = {};
 
-       // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
-       //  - entityIDs passed in
-       //  - shallow descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
-       function utilEntityOrMemberSelector(ids, graph) {
-           var seen = new Set(ids);
-           ids.forEach(collectShallowDescendants);
-           return utilEntitySelector(Array.from(seen));
+       var $$n = _export;
+       var $includes = arrayIncludes.includes;
+       var addToUnscopables$2 = addToUnscopables$6;
 
-           function collectShallowDescendants(id) {
-               var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
-               if (!entity || entity.type !== 'relation') return;
+       // `Array.prototype.includes` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.includes
+       $$n({ target: 'Array', proto: true }, {
+         includes: function includes(el /* , fromIndex = 0 */) {
+           return $includes(this, el, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+         }
+       });
 
-               entity.members
-                   .map(function(member) { return member.id; })
-                   .forEach(function(id) { seen.add(id); });
-           }
-       }
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
+       addToUnscopables$2('includes');
 
+       var validateCenter$1 = {};
 
-       // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
-       //  - entityIDs passed in
-       //  - deep descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
-       function utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector(ids, graph) {
-           return utilEntitySelector(utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs(ids, graph));
-       }
+       validateCenter$1.validateCenter = function validateCenter(center) {
+         var validCenterLengths = [2, 3];
 
+         if (!Array.isArray(center) || !validCenterLengths.includes(center.length)) {
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Center has to be an array of length two or three");
+         }
 
-       // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
-       //  - entityIDs passed in
-       //  - deep descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
-       function utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs(ids, graph) {
-           var seen = new Set();
-           ids.forEach(collectDeepDescendants);
-           return Array.from(seen);
+         var _center = _slicedToArray(center, 2),
+             lng = _center[0],
+             lat = _center[1];
 
-           function collectDeepDescendants(id) {
-               if (seen.has(id)) return;
-               seen.add(id);
+         if (typeof lng !== "number" || typeof lat !== "number") {
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Longitude and Latitude has to be numbers but where ".concat(_typeof(lng), " and ").concat(_typeof(lat)));
+         }
 
-               var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
-               if (!entity || entity.type !== 'relation') return;
+         if (lng > 180 || lng < -180) {
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Longitude has to be between -180 and 180 but was ".concat(lng));
+         }
 
-               entity.members
-                   .map(function(member) { return member.id; })
-                   .forEach(collectDeepDescendants);   // recurse
-           }
-       }
+         if (lat > 90 || lat < -90) {
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Latitude has to be between -90 and 90 but was ".concat(lat));
+         }
+       };
 
-       // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
-       //  - deep descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
-       function utilDeepMemberSelector(ids, graph, skipMultipolgonMembers) {
-           var idsSet = new Set(ids);
-           var seen = new Set();
-           var returners = new Set();
-           ids.forEach(collectDeepDescendants);
-           return utilEntitySelector(Array.from(returners));
+       var validateRadius$1 = {};
 
-           function collectDeepDescendants(id) {
-               if (seen.has(id)) return;
-               seen.add(id);
+       validateRadius$1.validateRadius = function validateRadius(radius) {
+         if (typeof radius !== "number") {
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Radius has to be a positive number but was: ".concat(_typeof(radius)));
+         }
 
-               if (!idsSet.has(id)) {
-                   returners.add(id);
-               }
+         if (radius <= 0) {
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Radius has to be a positive number but was: ".concat(radius));
+         }
+       };
 
-               var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
-               if (!entity || entity.type !== 'relation') return;
-               if (skipMultipolgonMembers && entity.isMultipolygon()) return;
-               entity.members
-                   .map(function(member) { return member.id; })
-                   .forEach(collectDeepDescendants);   // recurse
-           }
-       }
+       var validateNumberOfEdges$1 = {};
 
+       validateNumberOfEdges$1.validateNumberOfEdges = function validateNumberOfEdges(numberOfEdges) {
+         if (typeof numberOfEdges !== "number") {
+           var ARGUMENT_TYPE = Array.isArray(numberOfEdges) ? "array" : _typeof(numberOfEdges);
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Number of edges has to be a number but was: ".concat(ARGUMENT_TYPE));
+         }
 
-       // Adds or removes highlight styling for the specified entities
-       function utilHighlightEntities(ids, highlighted, context) {
-           context.surface()
-               .selectAll(utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector(ids, context.graph()))
-               .classed('highlighted', highlighted);
-       }
+         if (numberOfEdges < 3) {
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Number of edges has to be at least 3 but was: ".concat(numberOfEdges));
+         }
+       };
 
+       var validateEarthRadius$1 = {};
 
-       // returns an Array that is the union of:
-       //  - nodes for any nodeIDs passed in
-       //  - child nodes of any wayIDs passed in
-       //  - descendant member and child nodes of relationIDs passed in
-       function utilGetAllNodes(ids, graph) {
-           var seen = new Set();
-           var nodes = new Set();
+       validateEarthRadius$1.validateEarthRadius = function validateEarthRadius(earthRadius) {
+         if (typeof earthRadius !== "number") {
+           var ARGUMENT_TYPE = Array.isArray(earthRadius) ? "array" : _typeof(earthRadius);
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Earth radius has to be a number but was: ".concat(ARGUMENT_TYPE));
+         }
 
-           ids.forEach(collectNodes);
-           return Array.from(nodes);
+         if (earthRadius <= 0) {
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Earth radius has to be a positive number but was: ".concat(earthRadius));
+         }
+       };
 
-           function collectNodes(id) {
-               if (seen.has(id)) return;
-               seen.add(id);
+       var validateBearing$1 = {};
 
-               var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
-               if (!entity) return;
+       validateBearing$1.validateBearing = function validateBearing(bearing) {
+         if (typeof bearing !== "number") {
+           var ARGUMENT_TYPE = Array.isArray(bearing) ? "array" : _typeof(bearing);
+           throw new Error("ERROR! Bearing has to be a number but was: ".concat(ARGUMENT_TYPE));
+         }
+       };
 
-               if (entity.type === 'node') {
-                   nodes.add(entity);
-               } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                   entity.nodes.forEach(collectNodes);
-               } else {
-                   entity.members
-                       .map(function(member) { return member.id; })
-                       .forEach(collectNodes);   // recurse
-               }
-           }
+       var validateCenter = validateCenter$1.validateCenter;
+       var validateRadius = validateRadius$1.validateRadius;
+       var validateNumberOfEdges = validateNumberOfEdges$1.validateNumberOfEdges;
+       var validateEarthRadius = validateEarthRadius$1.validateEarthRadius;
+       var validateBearing = validateBearing$1.validateBearing;
+
+       function validateInput$1(_ref) {
+         var center = _ref.center,
+             radius = _ref.radius,
+             numberOfEdges = _ref.numberOfEdges,
+             earthRadius = _ref.earthRadius,
+             bearing = _ref.bearing;
+         validateCenter(center);
+         validateRadius(radius);
+         validateNumberOfEdges(numberOfEdges);
+         validateEarthRadius(earthRadius);
+         validateBearing(bearing);
        }
 
+       inputValidation.validateCenter = validateCenter;
+       inputValidation.validateRadius = validateRadius;
+       inputValidation.validateNumberOfEdges = validateNumberOfEdges;
+       inputValidation.validateEarthRadius = validateEarthRadius;
+       inputValidation.validateBearing = validateBearing;
+       inputValidation.validateInput = validateInput$1;
 
-       function utilDisplayName(entity) {
-           var localizedNameKey = 'name:' + _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase();
-           var name = entity.tags[localizedNameKey] || entity.tags.name || '';
-           var network = entity.tags.cycle_network || entity.tags.network;
+       var validateInput = inputValidation.validateInput;
+       var defaultEarthRadius = 6378137; // equatorial Earth radius
 
-           if (!name && entity.tags.ref) {
-               name = entity.tags.ref;
-               if (network) {
-                   name = network + ' ' + name;
-               }
-           }
+       function toRadians(angleInDegrees) {
+         return angleInDegrees * Math.PI / 180;
+       }
 
-           return name;
+       function toDegrees(angleInRadians) {
+         return angleInRadians * 180 / Math.PI;
+       }
+
+       function offset(c1, distance, earthRadius, bearing) {
+         var lat1 = toRadians(c1[1]);
+         var lon1 = toRadians(c1[0]);
+         var dByR = distance / earthRadius;
+         var lat = Math.asin(Math.sin(lat1) * Math.cos(dByR) + Math.cos(lat1) * Math.sin(dByR) * Math.cos(bearing));
+         var lon = lon1 + Math.atan2(Math.sin(bearing) * Math.sin(dByR) * Math.cos(lat1), Math.cos(dByR) - Math.sin(lat1) * Math.sin(lat));
+         return [toDegrees(lon), toDegrees(lat)];
        }
 
+       var circleToPolygon = function circleToPolygon(center, radius, options) {
+         var n = getNumberOfEdges(options);
+         var earthRadius = getEarthRadius(options);
+         var bearing = getBearing(options);
+         var direction = getDirection(options); // validateInput() throws error on invalid input and do nothing on valid input
 
-       function utilDisplayNameForPath(entity) {
-           var name = utilDisplayName(entity);
-           var isFirefox = utilDetect().browser.toLowerCase().indexOf('firefox') > -1;
+         validateInput({
+           center: center,
+           radius: radius,
+           numberOfEdges: n,
+           earthRadius: earthRadius,
+           bearing: bearing
+         });
+         var start = toRadians(bearing);
+         var coordinates = [];
 
-           if (!isFirefox && name && rtlRegex.test(name)) {
-               name = fixRTLTextForSvg(name);
-           }
+         for (var i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+           coordinates.push(offset(center, radius, earthRadius, start + direction * 2 * Math.PI * -i / n));
+         }
+
+         coordinates.push(coordinates[0]);
+         return {
+           type: "Polygon",
+           coordinates: [coordinates]
+         };
+       };
+
+       function getNumberOfEdges(options) {
+         if (isUndefinedOrNull(options)) {
+           return 32;
+         } else if (isObjectNotArray(options)) {
+           var numberOfEdges = options.numberOfEdges;
+           return numberOfEdges === undefined ? 32 : numberOfEdges;
+         }
 
-           return name;
+         return options;
        }
 
+       function getEarthRadius(options) {
+         if (isUndefinedOrNull(options)) {
+           return defaultEarthRadius;
+         } else if (isObjectNotArray(options)) {
+           var earthRadius = options.earthRadius;
+           return earthRadius === undefined ? defaultEarthRadius : earthRadius;
+         }
 
-       function utilDisplayType(id) {
-           return {
-               n: _t('inspector.node'),
-               w: _t('inspector.way'),
-               r: _t('inspector.relation')
-           }[id.charAt(0)];
+         return defaultEarthRadius;
        }
 
+       function getDirection(options) {
+         if (isObjectNotArray(options) && options.rightHandRule) {
+           return -1;
+         }
 
-       function utilDisplayLabel(entity, graph) {
-           var displayName = utilDisplayName(entity);
-           if (displayName) {
-               // use the display name if there is one
-               return displayName;
-           }
-           var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
-           if (preset && preset.name()) {
-               // use the preset name if there is a match
-               return preset.name();
-           }
-           // fallback to the display type (node/way/relation)
-           return utilDisplayType(entity.id);
+         return 1;
        }
 
+       function getBearing(options) {
+         if (isUndefinedOrNull(options)) {
+           return 0;
+         } else if (isObjectNotArray(options)) {
+           var bearing = options.bearing;
+           return bearing === undefined ? 0 : bearing;
+         }
 
-       function utilEntityRoot(entityType) {
-           return {
-               node: 'n',
-               way: 'w',
-               relation: 'r'
-           }[entityType];
+         return 0;
        }
 
+       function isObjectNotArray(argument) {
+         return argument !== null && _typeof(argument) === "object" && !Array.isArray(argument);
+       }
 
-       // Returns a single object containing the tags of all the given entities.
-       // Example:
-       // {
-       //   highway: 'service',
-       //   service: 'parking_aisle'
-       // }
-       //           +
-       // {
-       //   highway: 'service',
-       //   service: 'driveway',
-       //   width: '3'
-       // }
-       //           =
-       // {
-       //   highway: 'service',
-       //   service: [ 'driveway', 'parking_aisle' ],
-       //   width: [ '3', undefined ]
-       // }
-       function utilCombinedTags(entityIDs, graph) {
+       function isUndefinedOrNull(argument) {
+         return argument === null || argument === undefined;
+       }
 
-           var tags = {};
-           var tagCounts = {};
-           var allKeys = new Set();
+       var $$m = _export;
 
-           var entities = entityIDs.map(function(entityID) {
-               return graph.hasEntity(entityID);
-           }).filter(Boolean);
+       // `Number.EPSILON` constant
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-number.epsilon
+       $$m({ target: 'Number', stat: true }, {
+         EPSILON: Math.pow(2, -52)
+       });
 
-           // gather the aggregate keys
-           entities.forEach(function(entity) {
-               var keys = Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(Boolean);
-               keys.forEach(function(key) {
-                   allKeys.add(key);
-               });
-           });
+       var uncurryThis$8 = functionUncurryThis;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$4 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var toString$5 = toString$k;
 
-           entities.forEach(function(entity) {
+       var quot = /"/g;
+       var replace$2 = uncurryThis$8(''.replace);
 
-               allKeys.forEach(function(key) {
+       // `CreateHTML` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-createhtml
+       var createHtml = function (string, tag, attribute, value) {
+         var S = toString$5(requireObjectCoercible$4(string));
+         var p1 = '<' + tag;
+         if (attribute !== '') p1 += ' ' + attribute + '="' + replace$2(toString$5(value), quot, '&quot;') + '"';
+         return p1 + '>' + S + '</' + tag + '>';
+       };
 
-                   var value = entity.tags[key]; // purposely allow `undefined`
+       var fails$6 = fails$V;
 
-                   if (!tags.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
-                       // first value, set as raw
-                       tags[key] = value;
-                   } else {
-                       if (!Array.isArray(tags[key])) {
-                           if (tags[key] !== value) {
-                               // first alternate value, replace single value with array
-                               tags[key] = [tags[key], value];
-                           }
-                       } else { // type is array
-                           if (tags[key].indexOf(value) === -1) {
-                               // subsequent alternate value, add to array
-                               tags[key].push(value);
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
+       // check the existence of a method, lowercase
+       // of a tag and escaping quotes in arguments
+       var stringHtmlForced = function (METHOD_NAME) {
+         return fails$6(function () {
+           var test = ''[METHOD_NAME]('"');
+           return test !== test.toLowerCase() || test.split('"').length > 3;
+         });
+       };
 
-                   var tagHash = key + '=' + value;
-                   if (!tagCounts[tagHash]) tagCounts[tagHash] = 0;
-                   tagCounts[tagHash] += 1;
-               });
-           });
+       var $$l = _export;
+       var createHTML = createHtml;
+       var forcedStringHTMLMethod = stringHtmlForced;
 
-           for (var key in tags) {
-               if (!Array.isArray(tags[key])) continue;
-
-               // sort values by frequency then alphabetically
-               tags[key] = tags[key].sort(function(val1, val2) {
-                   var key = key; // capture
-                   var count2 = tagCounts[key + '=' + val2];
-                   var count1 = tagCounts[key + '=' + val1];
-                   if (count2 !== count1) {
-                       return count2 - count1;
-                   }
-                   if (val2 && val1) {
-                       return val1.localeCompare(val2);
-                   }
-                   return val1 ? 1 : -1;
-               });
-           }
+       // `String.prototype.link` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.link
+       $$l({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: forcedStringHTMLMethod('link') }, {
+         link: function link(url) {
+           return createHTML(this, 'a', 'href', url);
+         }
+       });
 
-           return tags;
-       }
+       /**
+        * splaytree v3.1.0
+        * Fast Splay tree for Node and browser
+        *
+        * @author Alexander Milevski <info@w8r.name>
+        * @license MIT
+        * @preserve
+        */
+       var Node =
+       /** @class */
+       function () {
+         function Node(key, data) {
+           this.next = null;
+           this.key = key;
+           this.data = data;
+           this.left = null;
+           this.right = null;
+         }
 
+         return Node;
+       }();
+       /* follows "An implementation of top-down splaying"
+        * by D. Sleator <sleator@cs.cmu.edu> March 1992
+        */
 
-       function utilStringQs(str) {
-           var i = 0;  // advance past any leading '?' or '#' characters
-           while (i < str.length && (str[i] === '?' || str[i] === '#')) i++;
-           str = str.slice(i);
 
-           return str.split('&').reduce(function(obj, pair){
-               var parts = pair.split('=');
-               if (parts.length === 2) {
-                   obj[parts[0]] = (null === parts[1]) ? '' : decodeURIComponent(parts[1]);
-               }
-               return obj;
-           }, {});
+       function DEFAULT_COMPARE(a, b) {
+         return a > b ? 1 : a < b ? -1 : 0;
        }
+       /**
+        * Simple top down splay, not requiring i to be in the tree t.
+        */
 
 
-       function utilQsString(obj, noencode) {
-           // encode everything except special characters used in certain hash parameters:
-           // "/" in map states, ":", ",", {" and "}" in background
-           function softEncode(s) {
-               return encodeURIComponent(s).replace(/(%2F|%3A|%2C|%7B|%7D)/g, decodeURIComponent);
-           }
+       function splay(i, t, comparator) {
+         var N = new Node(null, null);
+         var l = N;
+         var r = N;
 
-           return Object.keys(obj).sort().map(function(key) {
-               return encodeURIComponent(key) + '=' + (
-                   noencode ? softEncode(obj[key]) : encodeURIComponent(obj[key]));
-           }).join('&');
-       }
+         while (true) {
+           var cmp = comparator(i, t.key); //if (i < t.key) {
 
+           if (cmp < 0) {
+             if (t.left === null) break; //if (i < t.left.key) {
 
-       function utilPrefixDOMProperty(property) {
-           var prefixes = ['webkit', 'ms', 'moz', 'o'];
-           var i = -1;
-           var n = prefixes.length;
-           var s = document.body;
+             if (comparator(i, t.left.key) < 0) {
+               var y = t.left;
+               /* rotate right */
 
-           if (property in s)
-               return property;
+               t.left = y.right;
+               y.right = t;
+               t = y;
+               if (t.left === null) break;
+             }
 
-           property = property.substr(0, 1).toUpperCase() + property.substr(1);
+             r.left = t;
+             /* link right */
 
-           while (++i < n) {
-               if (prefixes[i] + property in s) {
-                   return prefixes[i] + property;
-               }
-           }
+             r = t;
+             t = t.left; //} else if (i > t.key) {
+           } else if (cmp > 0) {
+             if (t.right === null) break; //if (i > t.right.key) {
 
-           return false;
-       }
+             if (comparator(i, t.right.key) > 0) {
+               var y = t.right;
+               /* rotate left */
 
+               t.right = y.left;
+               y.left = t;
+               t = y;
+               if (t.right === null) break;
+             }
 
-       function utilPrefixCSSProperty(property) {
-           var prefixes = ['webkit', 'ms', 'Moz', 'O'];
-           var i = -1;
-           var n = prefixes.length;
-           var s = document.body.style;
+             l.right = t;
+             /* link left */
 
-           if (property.toLowerCase() in s) {
-               return property.toLowerCase();
-           }
+             l = t;
+             t = t.right;
+           } else break;
+         }
+         /* assemble */
 
-           while (++i < n) {
-               if (prefixes[i] + property in s) {
-                   return '-' + prefixes[i].toLowerCase() + property.replace(/([A-Z])/g, '-$1').toLowerCase();
-               }
-           }
 
-           return false;
+         l.right = t.left;
+         r.left = t.right;
+         t.left = N.right;
+         t.right = N.left;
+         return t;
        }
 
+       function insert(i, data, t, comparator) {
+         var node = new Node(i, data);
 
-       var transformProperty;
-       function utilSetTransform(el, x, y, scale) {
-           var prop = transformProperty = transformProperty || utilPrefixCSSProperty('Transform');
-           var translate = utilDetect().opera ? 'translate('   + x + 'px,' + y + 'px)'
-               : 'translate3d(' + x + 'px,' + y + 'px,0)';
-           return el.style(prop, translate + (scale ? ' scale(' + scale + ')' : ''));
-       }
-
+         if (t === null) {
+           node.left = node.right = null;
+           return node;
+         }
 
-       // Calculates Levenshtein distance between two strings
-       // see:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance
-       // first converts the strings to lowercase and replaces diacritic marks with ascii equivalents.
-       function utilEditDistance(a, b) {
-           a = remove$1(a.toLowerCase());
-           b = remove$1(b.toLowerCase());
-           if (a.length === 0) return b.length;
-           if (b.length === 0) return a.length;
-           var matrix = [];
-           for (var i = 0; i <= b.length; i++) { matrix[i] = [i]; }
-           for (var j = 0; j <= a.length; j++) { matrix[0][j] = j; }
-           for (i = 1; i <= b.length; i++) {
-               for (j = 1; j <= a.length; j++) {
-                   if (b.charAt(i-1) === a.charAt(j-1)) {
-                       matrix[i][j] = matrix[i-1][j-1];
-                   } else {
-                       matrix[i][j] = Math.min(matrix[i-1][j-1] + 1, // substitution
-                           Math.min(matrix[i][j-1] + 1, // insertion
-                           matrix[i-1][j] + 1)); // deletion
-                   }
-               }
-           }
-           return matrix[b.length][a.length];
-       }
+         t = splay(i, t, comparator);
+         var cmp = comparator(i, t.key);
 
+         if (cmp < 0) {
+           node.left = t.left;
+           node.right = t;
+           t.left = null;
+         } else if (cmp >= 0) {
+           node.right = t.right;
+           node.left = t;
+           t.right = null;
+         }
 
-       // a d3.mouse-alike which
-       // 1. Only works on HTML elements, not SVG
-       // 2. Does not cause style recalculation
-       function utilFastMouse(container) {
-           var rect = container.getBoundingClientRect();
-           var rectLeft = rect.left;
-           var rectTop = rect.top;
-           var clientLeft = +container.clientLeft;
-           var clientTop = +container.clientTop;
-           return function(e) {
-               return [
-                   e.clientX - rectLeft - clientLeft,
-                   e.clientY - rectTop - clientTop];
-           };
+         return node;
        }
 
+       function split$2(key, v, comparator) {
+         var left = null;
+         var right = null;
 
-       function utilAsyncMap(inputs, func, callback) {
-           var remaining = inputs.length;
-           var results = [];
-           var errors = [];
-
-           inputs.forEach(function(d, i) {
-               func(d, function done(err, data) {
-                   errors[i] = err;
-                   results[i] = data;
-                   remaining--;
-                   if (!remaining) callback(errors, results);
-               });
-           });
-       }
-
+         if (v) {
+           v = splay(key, v, comparator);
+           var cmp = comparator(v.key, key);
 
-       // wraps an index to an interval [0..length-1]
-       function utilWrap(index, length) {
-           if (index < 0) {
-               index += Math.ceil(-index/length)*length;
+           if (cmp === 0) {
+             left = v.left;
+             right = v.right;
+           } else if (cmp < 0) {
+             right = v.right;
+             v.right = null;
+             left = v;
+           } else {
+             left = v.left;
+             v.left = null;
+             right = v;
            }
-           return index % length;
-       }
+         }
 
+         return {
+           left: left,
+           right: right
+         };
+       }
 
+       function merge$3(left, right, comparator) {
+         if (right === null) return left;
+         if (left === null) return right;
+         right = splay(left.key, right, comparator);
+         right.left = left;
+         return right;
+       }
        /**
-        * a replacement for functor
-        *
-        * @param {*} value any value
-        * @returns {Function} a function that returns that value or the value if it's a function
+        * Prints level of the tree
         */
-       function utilFunctor(value) {
-           if (typeof value === 'function') return value;
-           return function() {
-               return value;
-           };
-       }
 
 
-       function utilNoAuto(selection) {
-           var isText = (selection.size() && selection.node().tagName.toLowerCase() === 'textarea');
-
-           return selection
-               // assign 'new-password' even for non-password fields to prevent browsers (Chrome) ignoring 'off'
-               .attr('autocomplete', 'new-password')
-               .attr('autocorrect', 'off')
-               .attr('autocapitalize', 'off')
-               .attr('spellcheck', isText ? 'true' : 'false');
+       function printRow(root, prefix, isTail, out, printNode) {
+         if (root) {
+           out("" + prefix + (isTail ? '└── ' : '├── ') + printNode(root) + "\n");
+           var indent = prefix + (isTail ? '    ' : '│   ');
+           if (root.left) printRow(root.left, indent, false, out, printNode);
+           if (root.right) printRow(root.right, indent, true, out, printNode);
+         }
        }
 
-
-       // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/194846/is-there-any-kind-of-hash-code-function-in-javascript
-       // https://werxltd.com/wp/2010/05/13/javascript-implementation-of-javas-string-hashcode-method/
-       function utilHashcode(str) {
-           var hash = 0;
-           if (str.length === 0) {
-               return hash;
+       var Tree =
+       /** @class */
+       function () {
+         function Tree(comparator) {
+           if (comparator === void 0) {
+             comparator = DEFAULT_COMPARE;
            }
-           for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
-               var char = str.charCodeAt(i);
-               hash = ((hash << 5) - hash) + char;
-               hash = hash & hash; // Convert to 32bit integer
-           }
-           return hash;
-       }
 
-       // Returns version of `str` with all runs of special characters replaced by `_`;
-       // suitable for HTML ids, classes, selectors, etc.
-       function utilSafeClassName(str) {
-           return str.toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-z0-9]+/g, '_');
-       }
+           this._root = null;
+           this._size = 0;
+           this._comparator = comparator;
+         }
+         /**
+          * Inserts a key, allows duplicates
+          */
 
-       // Returns string based on `val` that is highly unlikely to collide with an id
-       // used previously or that's present elsewhere in the document. Useful for preventing
-       // browser-provided autofills or when embedding iD on pages with unknown elements.
-       function utilUniqueDomId(val) {
-           return 'ideditor-' + utilSafeClassName(val.toString()) + '-' + new Date().getTime().toString();
-       }
 
-       // Returns the length of `str` in unicode characters. This can be less than
-       // `String.length()` since a single unicode character can be composed of multiple
-       // JavaScript UTF-16 code units.
-       function utilUnicodeCharsCount(str) {
-           // Native ES2015 implementations of `Array.from` split strings into unicode characters
-           return Array.from(str).length;
-       }
+         Tree.prototype.insert = function (key, data) {
+           this._size++;
+           return this._root = insert(key, data, this._root, this._comparator);
+         };
+         /**
+          * Adds a key, if it is not present in the tree
+          */
 
-       // Returns a new string representing `str` cut from its start to `limit` length
-       // in unicode characters. Note that this runs the risk of splitting graphemes.
-       function utilUnicodeCharsTruncated(str, limit) {
-           return Array.from(str).slice(0, limit).join('');
-       }
 
-       function osmEntity(attrs) {
-           // For prototypal inheritance.
-           if (this instanceof osmEntity) return;
+         Tree.prototype.add = function (key, data) {
+           var node = new Node(key, data);
 
-           // Create the appropriate subtype.
-           if (attrs && attrs.type) {
-               return osmEntity[attrs.type].apply(this, arguments);
-           } else if (attrs && attrs.id) {
-               return osmEntity[osmEntity.id.type(attrs.id)].apply(this, arguments);
+           if (this._root === null) {
+             node.left = node.right = null;
+             this._size++;
+             this._root = node;
            }
 
-           // Initialize a generic Entity (used only in tests).
-           return (new osmEntity()).initialize(arguments);
-       }
-
-
-       osmEntity.id = function(type) {
-           return osmEntity.id.fromOSM(type, osmEntity.id.next[type]--);
-       };
+           var comparator = this._comparator;
+           var t = splay(key, this._root, comparator);
+           var cmp = comparator(key, t.key);
+           if (cmp === 0) this._root = t;else {
+             if (cmp < 0) {
+               node.left = t.left;
+               node.right = t;
+               t.left = null;
+             } else if (cmp > 0) {
+               node.right = t.right;
+               node.left = t;
+               t.right = null;
+             }
 
+             this._size++;
+             this._root = node;
+           }
+           return this._root;
+         };
+         /**
+          * @param  {Key} key
+          * @return {Node|null}
+          */
 
-       osmEntity.id.next = {
-           changeset: -1, node: -1, way: -1, relation: -1
-       };
 
+         Tree.prototype.remove = function (key) {
+           this._root = this._remove(key, this._root, this._comparator);
+         };
+         /**
+          * Deletes i from the tree if it's there
+          */
 
-       osmEntity.id.fromOSM = function(type, id) {
-           return type[0] + id;
-       };
 
+         Tree.prototype._remove = function (i, t, comparator) {
+           var x;
+           if (t === null) return null;
+           t = splay(i, t, comparator);
+           var cmp = comparator(i, t.key);
 
-       osmEntity.id.toOSM = function(id) {
-           return id.slice(1);
-       };
+           if (cmp === 0) {
+             /* found it */
+             if (t.left === null) {
+               x = t.right;
+             } else {
+               x = splay(i, t.left, comparator);
+               x.right = t.right;
+             }
 
+             this._size--;
+             return x;
+           }
 
-       osmEntity.id.type = function(id) {
-           return { 'c': 'changeset', 'n': 'node', 'w': 'way', 'r': 'relation' }[id[0]];
-       };
+           return t;
+           /* It wasn't there */
+         };
+         /**
+          * Removes and returns the node with smallest key
+          */
 
 
-       // A function suitable for use as the second argument to d3.selection#data().
-       osmEntity.key = function(entity) {
-           return entity.id + 'v' + (entity.v || 0);
-       };
+         Tree.prototype.pop = function () {
+           var node = this._root;
 
-       var _deprecatedTagValuesByKey;
+           if (node) {
+             while (node.left) {
+               node = node.left;
+             }
 
-       osmEntity.deprecatedTagValuesByKey = function(dataDeprecated) {
-           if (!_deprecatedTagValuesByKey) {
-               _deprecatedTagValuesByKey = {};
-               dataDeprecated.forEach(function(d) {
-                   var oldKeys = Object.keys(d.old);
-                   if (oldKeys.length === 1) {
-                       var oldKey = oldKeys[0];
-                       var oldValue = d.old[oldKey];
-                       if (oldValue !== '*') {
-                           if (!_deprecatedTagValuesByKey[oldKey]) {
-                               _deprecatedTagValuesByKey[oldKey] = [oldValue];
-                           } else {
-                               _deprecatedTagValuesByKey[oldKey].push(oldValue);
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
-               });
+             this._root = splay(node.key, this._root, this._comparator);
+             this._root = this._remove(node.key, this._root, this._comparator);
+             return {
+               key: node.key,
+               data: node.data
+             };
            }
-           return _deprecatedTagValuesByKey;
-       };
 
+           return null;
+         };
+         /**
+          * Find without splaying
+          */
 
-       osmEntity.prototype = {
-
-           tags: {},
 
+         Tree.prototype.findStatic = function (key) {
+           var current = this._root;
+           var compare = this._comparator;
 
-           initialize: function(sources) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < sources.length; ++i) {
-                   var source = sources[i];
-                   for (var prop in source) {
-                       if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, prop)) {
-                           if (source[prop] === undefined) {
-                               delete this[prop];
-                           } else {
-                               this[prop] = source[prop];
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+           while (current) {
+             var cmp = compare(key, current.key);
+             if (cmp === 0) return current;else if (cmp < 0) current = current.left;else current = current.right;
+           }
 
-               if (!this.id && this.type) {
-                   this.id = osmEntity.id(this.type);
-               }
-               if (!this.hasOwnProperty('visible')) {
-                   this.visible = true;
-               }
+           return null;
+         };
 
-               return this;
-           },
+         Tree.prototype.find = function (key) {
+           if (this._root) {
+             this._root = splay(key, this._root, this._comparator);
+             if (this._comparator(key, this._root.key) !== 0) return null;
+           }
 
+           return this._root;
+         };
 
-           copy: function(resolver, copies) {
-               if (copies[this.id])
-                   return copies[this.id];
+         Tree.prototype.contains = function (key) {
+           var current = this._root;
+           var compare = this._comparator;
 
-               var copy = osmEntity(this, { id: undefined, user: undefined, version: undefined });
-               copies[this.id] = copy;
+           while (current) {
+             var cmp = compare(key, current.key);
+             if (cmp === 0) return true;else if (cmp < 0) current = current.left;else current = current.right;
+           }
 
-               return copy;
-           },
+           return false;
+         };
 
+         Tree.prototype.forEach = function (visitor, ctx) {
+           var current = this._root;
+           var Q = [];
+           /* Initialize stack s */
 
-           osmId: function() {
-               return osmEntity.id.toOSM(this.id);
-           },
+           var done = false;
 
+           while (!done) {
+             if (current !== null) {
+               Q.push(current);
+               current = current.left;
+             } else {
+               if (Q.length !== 0) {
+                 current = Q.pop();
+                 visitor.call(ctx, current);
+                 current = current.right;
+               } else done = true;
+             }
+           }
 
-           isNew: function() {
-               return this.osmId() < 0;
-           },
+           return this;
+         };
+         /**
+          * Walk key range from `low` to `high`. Stops if `fn` returns a value.
+          */
 
 
-           update: function(attrs) {
-               return osmEntity(this, attrs, { v: 1 + (this.v || 0) });
-           },
+         Tree.prototype.range = function (low, high, fn, ctx) {
+           var Q = [];
+           var compare = this._comparator;
+           var node = this._root;
+           var cmp;
 
+           while (Q.length !== 0 || node) {
+             if (node) {
+               Q.push(node);
+               node = node.left;
+             } else {
+               node = Q.pop();
+               cmp = compare(node.key, high);
 
-           mergeTags: function(tags) {
-               var merged = Object.assign({}, this.tags);   // shallow copy
-               var changed = false;
-               for (var k in tags) {
-                   var t1 = merged[k];
-                   var t2 = tags[k];
-                   if (!t1) {
-                       changed = true;
-                       merged[k] = t2;
-                   } else if (t1 !== t2) {
-                       changed = true;
-                       merged[k] = utilUnicodeCharsTruncated(
-                           utilArrayUnion(t1.split(/;\s*/), t2.split(/;\s*/)).join(';'),
-                           255 // avoid exceeding character limit; see also services/osm.js -> maxCharsForTagValue()
-                       );
-                   }
+               if (cmp > 0) {
+                 break;
+               } else if (compare(node.key, low) >= 0) {
+                 if (fn.call(ctx, node)) return this; // stop if smth is returned
                }
-               return changed ? this.update({ tags: merged }) : this;
-           },
 
+               node = node.right;
+             }
+           }
 
-           intersects: function(extent, resolver) {
-               return this.extent(resolver).intersects(extent);
-           },
+           return this;
+         };
+         /**
+          * Returns array of keys
+          */
 
 
-           hasNonGeometryTags: function() {
-               return Object.keys(this.tags).some(function(k) { return k !== 'area'; });
-           },
+         Tree.prototype.keys = function () {
+           var keys = [];
+           this.forEach(function (_a) {
+             var key = _a.key;
+             return keys.push(key);
+           });
+           return keys;
+         };
+         /**
+          * Returns array of all the data in the nodes
+          */
 
-           hasParentRelations: function(resolver) {
-               return resolver.parentRelations(this).length > 0;
-           },
 
-           hasInterestingTags: function() {
-               return Object.keys(this.tags).some(osmIsInterestingTag);
-           },
+         Tree.prototype.values = function () {
+           var values = [];
+           this.forEach(function (_a) {
+             var data = _a.data;
+             return values.push(data);
+           });
+           return values;
+         };
 
-           hasWikidata: function() {
-               return !!this.tags.wikidata || !!this.tags['brand:wikidata'];
-           },
+         Tree.prototype.min = function () {
+           if (this._root) return this.minNode(this._root).key;
+           return null;
+         };
 
-           isHighwayIntersection: function() {
-               return false;
-           },
+         Tree.prototype.max = function () {
+           if (this._root) return this.maxNode(this._root).key;
+           return null;
+         };
 
-           isDegenerate: function() {
-               return true;
-           },
+         Tree.prototype.minNode = function (t) {
+           if (t === void 0) {
+             t = this._root;
+           }
+
+           if (t) while (t.left) {
+             t = t.left;
+           }
+           return t;
+         };
 
-           deprecatedTags: function(dataDeprecated) {
-               var tags = this.tags;
+         Tree.prototype.maxNode = function (t) {
+           if (t === void 0) {
+             t = this._root;
+           }
 
-               // if there are no tags, none can be deprecated
-               if (Object.keys(tags).length === 0) return [];
+           if (t) while (t.right) {
+             t = t.right;
+           }
+           return t;
+         };
+         /**
+          * Returns node at given index
+          */
 
-               var deprecated = [];
-               dataDeprecated.forEach(function(d) {
-                   var oldKeys = Object.keys(d.old);
-                   var matchesDeprecatedTags = oldKeys.every(function(oldKey) {
-                       if (!tags[oldKey]) return false;
-                       if (d.old[oldKey] === '*') return true;
 
-                       var vals = tags[oldKey].split(';').filter(Boolean);
-                       if (vals.length === 0) {
-                           return false;
-                       } else if (vals.length > 1) {
-                           return vals.indexOf(d.old[oldKey]) !== -1;
-                       } else {
-                           if (tags[oldKey] === d.old[oldKey]) {
-                               if (d.replace && d.old[oldKey] === d.replace[oldKey]) {
-                                   var replaceKeys = Object.keys(d.replace);
-                                   return !replaceKeys.every(function(replaceKey) {
-                                       return tags[replaceKey] === d.replace[replaceKey];
-                                   });
-                               } else {
-                                   return true;
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                       return false;
-                   });
-                   if (matchesDeprecatedTags) {
-                       deprecated.push(d);
-                   }
-               });
+         Tree.prototype.at = function (index) {
+           var current = this._root;
+           var done = false;
+           var i = 0;
+           var Q = [];
 
-               return deprecated;
+           while (!done) {
+             if (current) {
+               Q.push(current);
+               current = current.left;
+             } else {
+               if (Q.length > 0) {
+                 current = Q.pop();
+                 if (i === index) return current;
+                 i++;
+                 current = current.right;
+               } else done = true;
+             }
            }
-       };
-
-       function osmLanes(entity) {
-           if (entity.type !== 'way') return null;
-           if (!entity.tags.highway) return null;
 
-           var tags = entity.tags;
-           var isOneWay = entity.isOneWay();
-           var laneCount = getLaneCount(tags, isOneWay);
-           var maxspeed = parseMaxspeed(tags);
-
-           var laneDirections = parseLaneDirections(tags, isOneWay, laneCount);
-           var forward = laneDirections.forward;
-           var backward = laneDirections.backward;
-           var bothways = laneDirections.bothways;
-
-           // parse the piped string 'x|y|z' format
-           var turnLanes = {};
-           turnLanes.unspecified = parseTurnLanes(tags['turn:lanes']);
-           turnLanes.forward = parseTurnLanes(tags['turn:lanes:forward']);
-           turnLanes.backward = parseTurnLanes(tags['turn:lanes:backward']);
-
-           var maxspeedLanes = {};
-           maxspeedLanes.unspecified = parseMaxspeedLanes(tags['maxspeed:lanes'], maxspeed);
-           maxspeedLanes.forward = parseMaxspeedLanes(tags['maxspeed:lanes:forward'], maxspeed);
-           maxspeedLanes.backward = parseMaxspeedLanes(tags['maxspeed:lanes:backward'], maxspeed);
-
-           var psvLanes = {};
-           psvLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['psv:lanes']);
-           psvLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['psv:lanes:forward']);
-           psvLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['psv:lanes:backward']);
-
-           var busLanes = {};
-           busLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['bus:lanes']);
-           busLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['bus:lanes:forward']);
-           busLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['bus:lanes:backward']);
-
-           var taxiLanes = {};
-           taxiLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['taxi:lanes']);
-           taxiLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['taxi:lanes:forward']);
-           taxiLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['taxi:lanes:backward']);
-
-           var hovLanes = {};
-           hovLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['hov:lanes']);
-           hovLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hov:lanes:forward']);
-           hovLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hov:lanes:backward']);
-
-           var hgvLanes = {};
-           hgvLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['hgv:lanes']);
-           hgvLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hgv:lanes:forward']);
-           hgvLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hgv:lanes:backward']);
-
-           var bicyclewayLanes = {};
-           bicyclewayLanes.unspecified = parseBicycleWay(tags['bicycleway:lanes']);
-           bicyclewayLanes.forward = parseBicycleWay(tags['bicycleway:lanes:forward']);
-           bicyclewayLanes.backward = parseBicycleWay(tags['bicycleway:lanes:backward']);
-
-           var lanesObj = {
-               forward: [],
-               backward: [],
-               unspecified: []
-           };
+           return null;
+         };
 
-           // map forward/backward/unspecified of each lane type to lanesObj
-           mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, turnLanes, 'turnLane');
-           mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, maxspeedLanes, 'maxspeed');
-           mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, psvLanes, 'psv');
-           mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, busLanes, 'bus');
-           mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, taxiLanes, 'taxi');
-           mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, hovLanes, 'hov');
-           mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, hgvLanes, 'hgv');
-           mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, bicyclewayLanes, 'bicycleway');
+         Tree.prototype.next = function (d) {
+           var root = this._root;
+           var successor = null;
 
-           return {
-               metadata: {
-                   count: laneCount,
-                   oneway: isOneWay,
-                   forward: forward,
-                   backward: backward,
-                   bothways: bothways,
-                   turnLanes: turnLanes,
-                   maxspeed: maxspeed,
-                   maxspeedLanes: maxspeedLanes,
-                   psvLanes: psvLanes,
-                   busLanes: busLanes,
-                   taxiLanes: taxiLanes,
-                   hovLanes: hovLanes,
-                   hgvLanes: hgvLanes,
-                   bicyclewayLanes: bicyclewayLanes
-               },
-               lanes: lanesObj
-           };
-       }
+           if (d.right) {
+             successor = d.right;
 
+             while (successor.left) {
+               successor = successor.left;
+             }
 
-       function getLaneCount(tags, isOneWay) {
-           var count;
-           if (tags.lanes) {
-               count = parseInt(tags.lanes, 10);
-               if (count > 0) {
-                   return count;
-               }
+             return successor;
            }
 
+           var comparator = this._comparator;
 
-           switch (tags.highway) {
-               case 'trunk':
-               case 'motorway':
-                   count = isOneWay ? 2 : 4;
-                   break;
-               default:
-                   count = isOneWay ? 1 : 2;
-                   break;
+           while (root) {
+             var cmp = comparator(d.key, root.key);
+             if (cmp === 0) break;else if (cmp < 0) {
+               successor = root;
+               root = root.left;
+             } else root = root.right;
            }
 
-           return count;
-       }
-
+           return successor;
+         };
 
-       function parseMaxspeed(tags) {
-           var maxspeed = tags.maxspeed;
-           if (!maxspeed) return;
+         Tree.prototype.prev = function (d) {
+           var root = this._root;
+           var predecessor = null;
 
-           var maxspeedRegex = /^([0-9][\.0-9]+?)(?:[ ]?(?:km\/h|kmh|kph|mph|knots))?$/;
-           if (!maxspeedRegex.test(maxspeed)) return;
+           if (d.left !== null) {
+             predecessor = d.left;
 
-           return parseInt(maxspeed, 10);
-       }
+             while (predecessor.right) {
+               predecessor = predecessor.right;
+             }
 
+             return predecessor;
+           }
 
-       function parseLaneDirections(tags, isOneWay, laneCount) {
-           var forward = parseInt(tags['lanes:forward'], 10);
-           var backward = parseInt(tags['lanes:backward'], 10);
-           var bothways = parseInt(tags['lanes:both_ways'], 10) > 0 ? 1 : 0;
+           var comparator = this._comparator;
 
-           if (parseInt(tags.oneway, 10) === -1) {
-               forward = 0;
-               bothways = 0;
-               backward = laneCount;
-           }
-           else if (isOneWay) {
-               forward = laneCount;
-               bothways = 0;
-               backward = 0;
-           }
-           else if (isNaN(forward) && isNaN(backward)) {
-               backward = Math.floor((laneCount - bothways) / 2);
-               forward = laneCount - bothways - backward;
-           }
-           else if (isNaN(forward)) {
-               if (backward > laneCount - bothways) {
-                   backward = laneCount - bothways;
-               }
-               forward = laneCount - bothways - backward;
-           }
-           else if (isNaN(backward)) {
-               if (forward > laneCount - bothways) {
-                   forward = laneCount - bothways;
-               }
-               backward = laneCount - bothways - forward;
+           while (root) {
+             var cmp = comparator(d.key, root.key);
+             if (cmp === 0) break;else if (cmp < 0) root = root.left;else {
+               predecessor = root;
+               root = root.right;
+             }
            }
-           return {
-               forward: forward,
-               backward: backward,
-               bothways: bothways
-           };
-       }
 
+           return predecessor;
+         };
 
-       function parseTurnLanes(tag){
-           if (!tag) return;
+         Tree.prototype.clear = function () {
+           this._root = null;
+           this._size = 0;
+           return this;
+         };
 
-           var validValues = [
-               'left', 'slight_left', 'sharp_left', 'through', 'right', 'slight_right',
-               'sharp_right', 'reverse', 'merge_to_left', 'merge_to_right', 'none'
-           ];
+         Tree.prototype.toList = function () {
+           return toList(this._root);
+         };
+         /**
+          * Bulk-load items. Both array have to be same size
+          */
 
-           return tag.split('|')
-               .map(function (s) {
-                   if (s === '') s = 'none';
-                   return s.split(';')
-                       .map(function (d) {
-                           return validValues.indexOf(d) === -1 ? 'unknown': d;
-                       });
-               });
-       }
 
+         Tree.prototype.load = function (keys, values, presort) {
+           if (values === void 0) {
+             values = [];
+           }
 
-       function parseMaxspeedLanes(tag, maxspeed) {
-           if (!tag) return;
-
-           return tag.split('|')
-               .map(function (s) {
-                   if (s === 'none') return s;
-                   var m = parseInt(s, 10);
-                   if (s === '' || m === maxspeed) return null;
-                   return isNaN(m) ? 'unknown': m;
-               });
-       }
+           if (presort === void 0) {
+             presort = false;
+           }
 
+           var size = keys.length;
+           var comparator = this._comparator; // sort if needed
 
-       function parseMiscLanes(tag) {
-           if (!tag) return;
+           if (presort) sort(keys, values, 0, size - 1, comparator);
 
-           var validValues = [
-               'yes', 'no', 'designated'
-           ];
+           if (this._root === null) {
+             // empty tree
+             this._root = loadRecursive(keys, values, 0, size);
+             this._size = size;
+           } else {
+             // that re-builds the whole tree from two in-order traversals
+             var mergedList = mergeLists(this.toList(), createList(keys, values), comparator);
+             size = this._size + size;
+             this._root = sortedListToBST({
+               head: mergedList
+             }, 0, size);
+           }
 
-           return tag.split('|')
-               .map(function (s) {
-                   if (s === '') s = 'no';
-                   return validValues.indexOf(s) === -1 ? 'unknown': s;
-               });
-       }
+           return this;
+         };
 
+         Tree.prototype.isEmpty = function () {
+           return this._root === null;
+         };
 
-       function parseBicycleWay(tag) {
-           if (!tag) return;
+         Object.defineProperty(Tree.prototype, "size", {
+           get: function get() {
+             return this._size;
+           },
+           enumerable: true,
+           configurable: true
+         });
+         Object.defineProperty(Tree.prototype, "root", {
+           get: function get() {
+             return this._root;
+           },
+           enumerable: true,
+           configurable: true
+         });
 
-           var validValues = [
-               'yes', 'no', 'designated', 'lane'
-           ];
+         Tree.prototype.toString = function (printNode) {
+           if (printNode === void 0) {
+             printNode = function printNode(n) {
+               return String(n.key);
+             };
+           }
 
-           return tag.split('|')
-               .map(function (s) {
-                   if (s === '') s = 'no';
-                   return validValues.indexOf(s) === -1 ? 'unknown': s;
-               });
-       }
+           var out = [];
+           printRow(this._root, '', true, function (v) {
+             return out.push(v);
+           }, printNode);
+           return out.join('');
+         };
 
+         Tree.prototype.update = function (key, newKey, newData) {
+           var comparator = this._comparator;
 
-       function mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, data, key) {
-           if (data.forward) data.forward.forEach(function(l, i) {
-               if (!lanesObj.forward[i]) lanesObj.forward[i] = {};
-               lanesObj.forward[i][key] = l;
-           });
-           if (data.backward) data.backward.forEach(function(l, i) {
-               if (!lanesObj.backward[i]) lanesObj.backward[i] = {};
-               lanesObj.backward[i][key] = l;
-           });
-           if (data.unspecified) data.unspecified.forEach(function(l, i) {
-               if (!lanesObj.unspecified[i]) lanesObj.unspecified[i] = {};
-               lanesObj.unspecified[i][key] = l;
-           });
-       }
+           var _a = split$2(key, this._root, comparator),
+               left = _a.left,
+               right = _a.right;
 
-       function osmWay() {
-           if (!(this instanceof osmWay)) {
-               return (new osmWay()).initialize(arguments);
-           } else if (arguments.length) {
-               this.initialize(arguments);
+           if (comparator(key, newKey) < 0) {
+             right = insert(newKey, newData, right, comparator);
+           } else {
+             left = insert(newKey, newData, left, comparator);
            }
-       }
 
+           this._root = merge$3(left, right, comparator);
+         };
 
-       osmEntity.way = osmWay;
+         Tree.prototype.split = function (key) {
+           return split$2(key, this._root, this._comparator);
+         };
 
-       osmWay.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);
+         return Tree;
+       }();
 
+       function loadRecursive(keys, values, start, end) {
+         var size = end - start;
 
-       Object.assign(osmWay.prototype, {
-           type: 'way',
-           nodes: [],
+         if (size > 0) {
+           var middle = start + Math.floor(size / 2);
+           var key = keys[middle];
+           var data = values[middle];
+           var node = new Node(key, data);
+           node.left = loadRecursive(keys, values, start, middle);
+           node.right = loadRecursive(keys, values, middle + 1, end);
+           return node;
+         }
 
+         return null;
+       }
 
-           copy: function(resolver, copies) {
-               if (copies[this.id]) return copies[this.id];
+       function createList(keys, values) {
+         var head = new Node(null, null);
+         var p = head;
 
-               var copy = osmEntity.prototype.copy.call(this, resolver, copies);
+         for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
+           p = p.next = new Node(keys[i], values[i]);
+         }
 
-               var nodes = this.nodes.map(function(id) {
-                   return resolver.entity(id).copy(resolver, copies).id;
-               });
+         p.next = null;
+         return head.next;
+       }
 
-               copy = copy.update({ nodes: nodes });
-               copies[this.id] = copy;
+       function toList(root) {
+         var current = root;
+         var Q = [];
+         var done = false;
+         var head = new Node(null, null);
+         var p = head;
 
-               return copy;
-           },
+         while (!done) {
+           if (current) {
+             Q.push(current);
+             current = current.left;
+           } else {
+             if (Q.length > 0) {
+               current = p = p.next = Q.pop();
+               current = current.right;
+             } else done = true;
+           }
+         }
 
+         p.next = null; // that'll work even if the tree was empty
 
-           extent: function(resolver) {
-               return resolver.transient(this, 'extent', function() {
-                   var extent = geoExtent();
-                   for (var i = 0; i < this.nodes.length; i++) {
-                       var node = resolver.hasEntity(this.nodes[i]);
-                       if (node) {
-                           extent._extend(node.extent());
-                       }
-                   }
-                   return extent;
-               });
-           },
+         return head.next;
+       }
 
+       function sortedListToBST(list, start, end) {
+         var size = end - start;
 
-           first: function() {
-               return this.nodes[0];
-           },
+         if (size > 0) {
+           var middle = start + Math.floor(size / 2);
+           var left = sortedListToBST(list, start, middle);
+           var root = list.head;
+           root.left = left;
+           list.head = list.head.next;
+           root.right = sortedListToBST(list, middle + 1, end);
+           return root;
+         }
 
+         return null;
+       }
 
-           last: function() {
-               return this.nodes[this.nodes.length - 1];
-           },
+       function mergeLists(l1, l2, compare) {
+         var head = new Node(null, null); // dummy
 
+         var p = head;
+         var p1 = l1;
+         var p2 = l2;
 
-           contains: function(node) {
-               return this.nodes.indexOf(node) >= 0;
-           },
+         while (p1 !== null && p2 !== null) {
+           if (compare(p1.key, p2.key) < 0) {
+             p.next = p1;
+             p1 = p1.next;
+           } else {
+             p.next = p2;
+             p2 = p2.next;
+           }
 
+           p = p.next;
+         }
 
-           affix: function(node) {
-               if (this.nodes[0] === node) return 'prefix';
-               if (this.nodes[this.nodes.length - 1] === node) return 'suffix';
-           },
+         if (p1 !== null) {
+           p.next = p1;
+         } else if (p2 !== null) {
+           p.next = p2;
+         }
 
+         return head.next;
+       }
 
-           layer: function() {
-               // explicit layer tag, clamp between -10, 10..
-               if (isFinite(this.tags.layer)) {
-                   return Math.max(-10, Math.min(+(this.tags.layer), 10));
-               }
+       function sort(keys, values, left, right, compare) {
+         if (left >= right) return;
+         var pivot = keys[left + right >> 1];
+         var i = left - 1;
+         var j = right + 1;
 
-               // implied layer tag..
-               if (this.tags.covered === 'yes') return -1;
-               if (this.tags.location === 'overground') return 1;
-               if (this.tags.location === 'underground') return -1;
-               if (this.tags.location === 'underwater') return -10;
+         while (true) {
+           do {
+             i++;
+           } while (compare(keys[i], pivot) < 0);
 
-               if (this.tags.power === 'line') return 10;
-               if (this.tags.power === 'minor_line') return 10;
-               if (this.tags.aerialway) return 10;
-               if (this.tags.bridge) return 1;
-               if (this.tags.cutting) return -1;
-               if (this.tags.tunnel) return -1;
-               if (this.tags.waterway) return -1;
-               if (this.tags.man_made === 'pipeline') return -10;
-               if (this.tags.boundary) return -10;
-               return 0;
-           },
+           do {
+             j--;
+           } while (compare(keys[j], pivot) > 0);
 
+           if (i >= j) break;
+           var tmp = keys[i];
+           keys[i] = keys[j];
+           keys[j] = tmp;
+           tmp = values[i];
+           values[i] = values[j];
+           values[j] = tmp;
+         }
 
-           // the approximate width of the line based on its tags except its `width` tag
-           impliedLineWidthMeters: function() {
-               var averageWidths = {
-                   highway: { // width is for single lane
-                       motorway: 5, motorway_link: 5, trunk: 4.5, trunk_link: 4.5,
-                       primary: 4, secondary: 4, tertiary: 4,
-                       primary_link: 4, secondary_link: 4, tertiary_link: 4,
-                       unclassified: 4, road: 4, living_street: 4, bus_guideway: 4, pedestrian: 4,
-                       residential: 3.5, service: 3.5, track: 3, cycleway: 2.5,
-                       bridleway: 2, corridor: 2, steps: 2, path: 1.5, footway: 1.5
-                   },
-                   railway: { // width includes ties and rail bed, not just track gauge
-                       rail: 2.5, light_rail: 2.5, tram: 2.5, subway: 2.5,
-                       monorail: 2.5, funicular: 2.5, disused: 2.5, preserved: 2.5,
-                       miniature: 1.5, narrow_gauge: 1.5
-                   },
-                   waterway: {
-                       river: 50, canal: 25, stream: 5, tidal_channel: 5, fish_pass: 2.5, drain: 2.5, ditch: 1.5
-                   }
-               };
-               for (var key in averageWidths) {
-                   if (this.tags[key] && averageWidths[key][this.tags[key]]) {
-                       var width = averageWidths[key][this.tags[key]];
-                       if (key === 'highway') {
-                           var laneCount = this.tags.lanes && parseInt(this.tags.lanes, 10);
-                           if (!laneCount) laneCount = this.isOneWay() ? 1 : 2;
-
-                           return width * laneCount;
-                       }
-                       return width;
-                   }
-               }
-               return null;
-           },
+         sort(keys, values, left, j, compare);
+         sort(keys, values, j + 1, right, compare);
+       }
 
+       function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) {
+         if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) {
+           throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function");
+         }
+       }
 
-           isOneWay: function() {
-               // explicit oneway tag..
-               var values = {
-                   'yes': true,
-                   '1': true,
-                   '-1': true,
-                   'reversible': true,
-                   'alternating': true,
-                   'no': false,
-                   '0': false
-               };
-               if (values[this.tags.oneway] !== undefined) {
-                   return values[this.tags.oneway];
-               }
+       function _defineProperties(target, props) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
+           var descriptor = props[i];
+           descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false;
+           descriptor.configurable = true;
+           if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true;
+           Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor);
+         }
+       }
 
-               // implied oneway tag..
-               for (var key in this.tags) {
-                   if (key in osmOneWayTags && (this.tags[key] in osmOneWayTags[key]))
-                       return true;
-               }
-               return false;
-           },
+       function _createClass(Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) {
+         if (protoProps) _defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps);
+         if (staticProps) _defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps);
+         return Constructor;
+       }
+       /**
+        * A bounding box has the format:
+        *
+        *  { ll: { x: xmin, y: ymin }, ur: { x: xmax, y: ymax } }
+        *
+        */
 
-           // Some identifier for tag that implies that this way is "sided",
-           // i.e. the right side is the 'inside' (e.g. the right side of a
-           // natural=cliff is lower).
-           sidednessIdentifier: function() {
-               for (var key in this.tags) {
-                   var value = this.tags[key];
-                   if (key in osmRightSideIsInsideTags && (value in osmRightSideIsInsideTags[key])) {
-                       if (osmRightSideIsInsideTags[key][value] === true) {
-                           return key;
-                       } else {
-                           // if the map's value is something other than a
-                           // literal true, we should use it so we can
-                           // special case some keys (e.g. natural=coastline
-                           // is handled differently to other naturals).
-                           return osmRightSideIsInsideTags[key][value];
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
 
-               return null;
-           },
+       var isInBbox = function isInBbox(bbox, point) {
+         return bbox.ll.x <= point.x && point.x <= bbox.ur.x && bbox.ll.y <= point.y && point.y <= bbox.ur.y;
+       };
+       /* Returns either null, or a bbox (aka an ordered pair of points)
+        * If there is only one point of overlap, a bbox with identical points
+        * will be returned */
 
-           isSided: function() {
-               if (this.tags.two_sided === 'yes') {
-                   return false;
-               }
 
-               return this.sidednessIdentifier() !== null;
-           },
+       var getBboxOverlap = function getBboxOverlap(b1, b2) {
+         // check if the bboxes overlap at all
+         if (b2.ur.x < b1.ll.x || b1.ur.x < b2.ll.x || b2.ur.y < b1.ll.y || b1.ur.y < b2.ll.y) return null; // find the middle two X values
 
-           lanes: function() {
-               return osmLanes(this);
-           },
+         var lowerX = b1.ll.x < b2.ll.x ? b2.ll.x : b1.ll.x;
+         var upperX = b1.ur.x < b2.ur.x ? b1.ur.x : b2.ur.x; // find the middle two Y values
 
+         var lowerY = b1.ll.y < b2.ll.y ? b2.ll.y : b1.ll.y;
+         var upperY = b1.ur.y < b2.ur.y ? b1.ur.y : b2.ur.y; // put those middle values together to get the overlap
 
-           isClosed: function() {
-               return this.nodes.length > 1 && this.first() === this.last();
+         return {
+           ll: {
+             x: lowerX,
+             y: lowerY
            },
+           ur: {
+             x: upperX,
+             y: upperY
+           }
+         };
+       };
+       /* Javascript doesn't do integer math. Everything is
+        * floating point with percision Number.EPSILON.
+        *
+        * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number/EPSILON
+        */
 
 
-           isConvex: function(resolver) {
-               if (!this.isClosed() || this.isDegenerate()) return null;
+       var epsilon = Number.EPSILON; // IE Polyfill
 
-               var nodes = utilArrayUniq(resolver.childNodes(this));
-               var coords = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
-               var curr = 0;
-               var prev = 0;
+       if (epsilon === undefined) epsilon = Math.pow(2, -52);
+       var EPSILON_SQ = epsilon * epsilon;
+       /* FLP comparator */
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
-                   var o = coords[(i+1) % coords.length];
-                   var a = coords[i];
-                   var b = coords[(i+2) % coords.length];
-                   var res = geoVecCross(a, b, o);
+       var cmp = function cmp(a, b) {
+         // check if they're both 0
+         if (-epsilon < a && a < epsilon) {
+           if (-epsilon < b && b < epsilon) {
+             return 0;
+           }
+         } // check if they're flp equal
 
-                   curr = (res > 0) ? 1 : (res < 0) ? -1 : 0;
-                   if (curr === 0) {
-                       continue;
-                   } else if (prev && curr !== prev) {
-                       return false;
-                   }
-                   prev = curr;
-               }
-               return true;
-           },
 
-           // returns an object with the tag that implies this is an area, if any
-           tagSuggestingArea: function() {
-               return osmTagSuggestingArea(this.tags);
-           },
+         var ab = a - b;
 
-           isArea: function() {
-               if (this.tags.area === 'yes')
-                   return true;
-               if (!this.isClosed() || this.tags.area === 'no')
-                   return false;
-               return this.tagSuggestingArea() !== null;
-           },
+         if (ab * ab < EPSILON_SQ * a * b) {
+           return 0;
+         } // normal comparison
 
 
-           isDegenerate: function() {
-               return (new Set(this.nodes).size < (this.isArea() ? 3 : 2));
-           },
+         return a < b ? -1 : 1;
+       };
+       /**
+        * This class rounds incoming values sufficiently so that
+        * floating points problems are, for the most part, avoided.
+        *
+        * Incoming points are have their x & y values tested against
+        * all previously seen x & y values. If either is 'too close'
+        * to a previously seen value, it's value is 'snapped' to the
+        * previously seen value.
+        *
+        * All points should be rounded by this class before being
+        * stored in any data structures in the rest of this algorithm.
+        */
 
 
-           areAdjacent: function(n1, n2) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < this.nodes.length; i++) {
-                   if (this.nodes[i] === n1) {
-                       if (this.nodes[i - 1] === n2) return true;
-                       if (this.nodes[i + 1] === n2) return true;
-                   }
-               }
-               return false;
-           },
+       var PtRounder = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function PtRounder() {
+           _classCallCheck(this, PtRounder);
 
+           this.reset();
+         }
 
-           geometry: function(graph) {
-               return graph.transient(this, 'geometry', function() {
-                   return this.isArea() ? 'area' : 'line';
-               });
-           },
+         _createClass(PtRounder, [{
+           key: "reset",
+           value: function reset() {
+             this.xRounder = new CoordRounder();
+             this.yRounder = new CoordRounder();
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "round",
+           value: function round(x, y) {
+             return {
+               x: this.xRounder.round(x),
+               y: this.yRounder.round(y)
+             };
+           }
+         }]);
 
+         return PtRounder;
+       }();
 
-           // returns an array of objects representing the segments between the nodes in this way
-           segments: function(graph) {
-
-               function segmentExtent(graph) {
-                   var n1 = graph.hasEntity(this.nodes[0]);
-                   var n2 = graph.hasEntity(this.nodes[1]);
-                   return n1 && n2 && geoExtent([
-                       [
-                           Math.min(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]),
-                           Math.min(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])
-                       ],
-                       [
-                           Math.max(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]),
-                           Math.max(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])
-                       ]
-                   ]);
-               }
-
-               return graph.transient(this, 'segments', function() {
-                   var segments = [];
-                   for (var i = 0; i < this.nodes.length - 1; i++) {
-                       segments.push({
-                           id: this.id + '-' + i,
-                           wayId: this.id,
-                           index: i,
-                           nodes: [this.nodes[i], this.nodes[i + 1]],
-                           extent: segmentExtent
-                       });
-                   }
-                   return segments;
-               });
-           },
+       var CoordRounder = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function CoordRounder() {
+           _classCallCheck(this, CoordRounder);
 
+           this.tree = new Tree(); // preseed with 0 so we don't end up with values < Number.EPSILON
 
-           // If this way is not closed, append the beginning node to the end of the nodelist to close it.
-           close: function() {
-               if (this.isClosed() || !this.nodes.length) return this;
+           this.round(0);
+         } // Note: this can rounds input values backwards or forwards.
+         //       You might ask, why not restrict this to just rounding
+         //       forwards? Wouldn't that allow left endpoints to always
+         //       remain left endpoints during splitting (never change to
+         //       right). No - it wouldn't, because we snap intersections
+         //       to endpoints (to establish independence from the segment
+         //       angle for t-intersections).
 
-               var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
-               nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes);
-               nodes.push(nodes[0]);
-               return this.update({ nodes: nodes });
-           },
 
+         _createClass(CoordRounder, [{
+           key: "round",
+           value: function round(coord) {
+             var node = this.tree.add(coord);
+             var prevNode = this.tree.prev(node);
 
-           // If this way is closed, remove any connector nodes from the end of the nodelist to unclose it.
-           unclose: function() {
-               if (!this.isClosed()) return this;
+             if (prevNode !== null && cmp(node.key, prevNode.key) === 0) {
+               this.tree.remove(coord);
+               return prevNode.key;
+             }
 
-               var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
-               var connector = this.first();
-               var i = nodes.length - 1;
+             var nextNode = this.tree.next(node);
 
-               // remove trailing connectors..
-               while (i > 0 && nodes.length > 1 && nodes[i] === connector) {
-                   nodes.splice(i, 1);
-                   i = nodes.length - 1;
-               }
+             if (nextNode !== null && cmp(node.key, nextNode.key) === 0) {
+               this.tree.remove(coord);
+               return nextNode.key;
+             }
 
-               nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes);
-               return this.update({ nodes: nodes });
-           },
+             return coord;
+           }
+         }]);
 
+         return CoordRounder;
+       }(); // singleton available by import
 
-           // Adds a node (id) in front of the node which is currently at position index.
-           // If index is undefined, the node will be added to the end of the way for linear ways,
-           //   or just before the final connecting node for circular ways.
-           // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
-           // Circularity is always preserved when adding a node.
-           addNode: function(id, index) {
-               var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
-               var isClosed = this.isClosed();
-               var max = isClosed ? nodes.length - 1 : nodes.length;
 
-               if (index === undefined) {
-                   index = max;
-               }
+       var rounder = new PtRounder();
+       /* Cross Product of two vectors with first point at origin */
 
-               if (index < 0 || index > max) {
-                   throw new RangeError('index ' + index + ' out of range 0..' + max);
-               }
+       var crossProduct = function crossProduct(a, b) {
+         return a.x * b.y - a.y * b.x;
+       };
+       /* Dot Product of two vectors with first point at origin */
 
-               // If this is a closed way, remove all connector nodes except the first one
-               // (there may be duplicates) and adjust index if necessary..
-               if (isClosed) {
-                   var connector = this.first();
 
-                   // leading connectors..
-                   var i = 1;
-                   while (i < nodes.length && nodes.length > 2 && nodes[i] === connector) {
-                       nodes.splice(i, 1);
-                       if (index > i) index--;
-                   }
+       var dotProduct = function dotProduct(a, b) {
+         return a.x * b.x + a.y * b.y;
+       };
+       /* Comparator for two vectors with same starting point */
 
-                   // trailing connectors..
-                   i = nodes.length - 1;
-                   while (i > 0 && nodes.length > 1 && nodes[i] === connector) {
-                       nodes.splice(i, 1);
-                       if (index > i) index--;
-                       i = nodes.length - 1;
-                   }
-               }
 
-               nodes.splice(index, 0, id);
-               nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes);
+       var compareVectorAngles = function compareVectorAngles(basePt, endPt1, endPt2) {
+         var v1 = {
+           x: endPt1.x - basePt.x,
+           y: endPt1.y - basePt.y
+         };
+         var v2 = {
+           x: endPt2.x - basePt.x,
+           y: endPt2.y - basePt.y
+         };
+         var kross = crossProduct(v1, v2);
+         return cmp(kross, 0);
+       };
 
-               // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
-               if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
-                   nodes.push(nodes[0]);
-               }
+       var length = function length(v) {
+         return Math.sqrt(dotProduct(v, v));
+       };
+       /* Get the sine of the angle from pShared -> pAngle to pShaed -> pBase */
 
-               return this.update({ nodes: nodes });
-           },
 
+       var sineOfAngle = function sineOfAngle(pShared, pBase, pAngle) {
+         var vBase = {
+           x: pBase.x - pShared.x,
+           y: pBase.y - pShared.y
+         };
+         var vAngle = {
+           x: pAngle.x - pShared.x,
+           y: pAngle.y - pShared.y
+         };
+         return crossProduct(vAngle, vBase) / length(vAngle) / length(vBase);
+       };
+       /* Get the cosine of the angle from pShared -> pAngle to pShaed -> pBase */
 
-           // Replaces the node which is currently at position index with the given node (id).
-           // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
-           // Circularity is preserved when updating a node.
-           updateNode: function(id, index) {
-               var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
-               var isClosed = this.isClosed();
-               var max = nodes.length - 1;
 
-               if (index === undefined || index < 0 || index > max) {
-                   throw new RangeError('index ' + index + ' out of range 0..' + max);
-               }
+       var cosineOfAngle = function cosineOfAngle(pShared, pBase, pAngle) {
+         var vBase = {
+           x: pBase.x - pShared.x,
+           y: pBase.y - pShared.y
+         };
+         var vAngle = {
+           x: pAngle.x - pShared.x,
+           y: pAngle.y - pShared.y
+         };
+         return dotProduct(vAngle, vBase) / length(vAngle) / length(vBase);
+       };
+       /* Get the x coordinate where the given line (defined by a point and vector)
+        * crosses the horizontal line with the given y coordiante.
+        * In the case of parrallel lines (including overlapping ones) returns null. */
 
-               // If this is a closed way, remove all connector nodes except the first one
-               // (there may be duplicates) and adjust index if necessary..
-               if (isClosed) {
-                   var connector = this.first();
 
-                   // leading connectors..
-                   var i = 1;
-                   while (i < nodes.length && nodes.length > 2 && nodes[i] === connector) {
-                       nodes.splice(i, 1);
-                       if (index > i) index--;
-                   }
+       var horizontalIntersection = function horizontalIntersection(pt, v, y) {
+         if (v.y === 0) return null;
+         return {
+           x: pt.x + v.x / v.y * (y - pt.y),
+           y: y
+         };
+       };
+       /* Get the y coordinate where the given line (defined by a point and vector)
+        * crosses the vertical line with the given x coordiante.
+        * In the case of parrallel lines (including overlapping ones) returns null. */
 
-                   // trailing connectors..
-                   i = nodes.length - 1;
-                   while (i > 0 && nodes.length > 1 && nodes[i] === connector) {
-                       nodes.splice(i, 1);
-                       if (index === i) index = 0;  // update leading connector instead
-                       i = nodes.length - 1;
-                   }
-               }
 
-               nodes.splice(index, 1, id);
-               nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes);
+       var verticalIntersection = function verticalIntersection(pt, v, x) {
+         if (v.x === 0) return null;
+         return {
+           x: x,
+           y: pt.y + v.y / v.x * (x - pt.x)
+         };
+       };
+       /* Get the intersection of two lines, each defined by a base point and a vector.
+        * In the case of parrallel lines (including overlapping ones) returns null. */
+
+
+       var intersection = function intersection(pt1, v1, pt2, v2) {
+         // take some shortcuts for vertical and horizontal lines
+         // this also ensures we don't calculate an intersection and then discover
+         // it's actually outside the bounding box of the line
+         if (v1.x === 0) return verticalIntersection(pt2, v2, pt1.x);
+         if (v2.x === 0) return verticalIntersection(pt1, v1, pt2.x);
+         if (v1.y === 0) return horizontalIntersection(pt2, v2, pt1.y);
+         if (v2.y === 0) return horizontalIntersection(pt1, v1, pt2.y); // General case for non-overlapping segments.
+         // This algorithm is based on Schneider and Eberly.
+         // http://www.cimec.org.ar/~ncalvo/Schneider_Eberly.pdf - pg 244
+
+         var kross = crossProduct(v1, v2);
+         if (kross == 0) return null;
+         var ve = {
+           x: pt2.x - pt1.x,
+           y: pt2.y - pt1.y
+         };
+         var d1 = crossProduct(ve, v1) / kross;
+         var d2 = crossProduct(ve, v2) / kross; // take the average of the two calculations to minimize rounding error
+
+         var x1 = pt1.x + d2 * v1.x,
+             x2 = pt2.x + d1 * v2.x;
+         var y1 = pt1.y + d2 * v1.y,
+             y2 = pt2.y + d1 * v2.y;
+         var x = (x1 + x2) / 2;
+         var y = (y1 + y2) / 2;
+         return {
+           x: x,
+           y: y
+         };
+       };
 
-               // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
-               if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
-                   nodes.push(nodes[0]);
-               }
+       var SweepEvent = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         _createClass(SweepEvent, null, [{
+           key: "compare",
+           // for ordering sweep events in the sweep event queue
+           value: function compare(a, b) {
+             // favor event with a point that the sweep line hits first
+             var ptCmp = SweepEvent.comparePoints(a.point, b.point);
+             if (ptCmp !== 0) return ptCmp; // the points are the same, so link them if needed
 
-               return this.update({nodes: nodes});
-           },
+             if (a.point !== b.point) a.link(b); // favor right events over left
 
+             if (a.isLeft !== b.isLeft) return a.isLeft ? 1 : -1; // we have two matching left or right endpoints
+             // ordering of this case is the same as for their segments
 
-           // Replaces each occurrence of node id needle with replacement.
-           // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
-           // Circularity is preserved.
-           replaceNode: function(needleID, replacementID) {
-               var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
-               var isClosed = this.isClosed();
+             return Segment.compare(a.segment, b.segment);
+           } // for ordering points in sweep line order
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
-                   if (nodes[i] === needleID) {
-                       nodes[i] = replacementID;
-                   }
-               }
+         }, {
+           key: "comparePoints",
+           value: function comparePoints(aPt, bPt) {
+             if (aPt.x < bPt.x) return -1;
+             if (aPt.x > bPt.x) return 1;
+             if (aPt.y < bPt.y) return -1;
+             if (aPt.y > bPt.y) return 1;
+             return 0;
+           } // Warning: 'point' input will be modified and re-used (for performance)
 
-               nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes);
+         }]);
 
-               // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
-               if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
-                   nodes.push(nodes[0]);
-               }
+         function SweepEvent(point, isLeft) {
+           _classCallCheck(this, SweepEvent);
 
-               return this.update({nodes: nodes});
-           },
+           if (point.events === undefined) point.events = [this];else point.events.push(this);
+           this.point = point;
+           this.isLeft = isLeft; // this.segment, this.otherSE set by factory
+         }
 
+         _createClass(SweepEvent, [{
+           key: "link",
+           value: function link(other) {
+             if (other.point === this.point) {
+               throw new Error('Tried to link already linked events');
+             }
 
-           // Removes each occurrence of node id.
-           // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
-           // Circularity is preserved.
-           removeNode: function(id) {
-               var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
-               var isClosed = this.isClosed();
+             var otherEvents = other.point.events;
 
-               nodes = nodes
-                   .filter(function(node) { return node !== id; })
-                   .filter(noRepeatNodes);
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = otherEvents.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var evt = otherEvents[i];
+               this.point.events.push(evt);
+               evt.point = this.point;
+             }
 
-               // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
-               if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
-                   nodes.push(nodes[0]);
-               }
+             this.checkForConsuming();
+           }
+           /* Do a pass over our linked events and check to see if any pair
+            * of segments match, and should be consumed. */
 
-               return this.update({nodes: nodes});
-           },
+         }, {
+           key: "checkForConsuming",
+           value: function checkForConsuming() {
+             // FIXME: The loops in this method run O(n^2) => no good.
+             //        Maintain little ordered sweep event trees?
+             //        Can we maintaining an ordering that avoids the need
+             //        for the re-sorting with getLeftmostComparator in geom-out?
+             // Compare each pair of events to see if other events also match
+             var numEvents = this.point.events.length;
 
+             for (var i = 0; i < numEvents; i++) {
+               var evt1 = this.point.events[i];
+               if (evt1.segment.consumedBy !== undefined) continue;
 
-           asJXON: function(changeset_id) {
-               var r = {
-                   way: {
-                       '@id': this.osmId(),
-                       '@version': this.version || 0,
-                       nd: this.nodes.map(function(id) {
-                           return { keyAttributes: { ref: osmEntity.id.toOSM(id) } };
-                       }, this),
-                       tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function(k) {
-                           return { keyAttributes: { k: k, v: this.tags[k] } };
-                       }, this)
-                   }
-               };
-               if (changeset_id) {
-                   r.way['@changeset'] = changeset_id;
+               for (var j = i + 1; j < numEvents; j++) {
+                 var evt2 = this.point.events[j];
+                 if (evt2.consumedBy !== undefined) continue;
+                 if (evt1.otherSE.point.events !== evt2.otherSE.point.events) continue;
+                 evt1.segment.consume(evt2.segment);
                }
-               return r;
-           },
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "getAvailableLinkedEvents",
+           value: function getAvailableLinkedEvents() {
+             // point.events is always of length 2 or greater
+             var events = [];
 
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.point.events.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var evt = this.point.events[i];
 
-           asGeoJSON: function(resolver) {
-               return resolver.transient(this, 'GeoJSON', function() {
-                   var coordinates = resolver.childNodes(this)
-                       .map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
+               if (evt !== this && !evt.segment.ringOut && evt.segment.isInResult()) {
+                 events.push(evt);
+               }
+             }
 
-                   if (this.isArea() && this.isClosed()) {
-                       return {
-                           type: 'Polygon',
-                           coordinates: [coordinates]
-                       };
-                   } else {
-                       return {
-                           type: 'LineString',
-                           coordinates: coordinates
-                       };
-                   }
-               });
-           },
+             return events;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Returns a comparator function for sorting linked events that will
+            * favor the event that will give us the smallest left-side angle.
+            * All ring construction starts as low as possible heading to the right,
+            * so by always turning left as sharp as possible we'll get polygons
+            * without uncessary loops & holes.
+            *
+            * The comparator function has a compute cache such that it avoids
+            * re-computing already-computed values.
+            */
 
+         }, {
+           key: "getLeftmostComparator",
+           value: function getLeftmostComparator(baseEvent) {
+             var _this = this;
 
-           area: function(resolver) {
-               return resolver.transient(this, 'area', function() {
-                   var nodes = resolver.childNodes(this);
+             var cache = new Map();
 
-                   var json = {
-                       type: 'Polygon',
-                       coordinates: [ nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; }) ]
-                   };
+             var fillCache = function fillCache(linkedEvent) {
+               var nextEvent = linkedEvent.otherSE;
+               cache.set(linkedEvent, {
+                 sine: sineOfAngle(_this.point, baseEvent.point, nextEvent.point),
+                 cosine: cosineOfAngle(_this.point, baseEvent.point, nextEvent.point)
+               });
+             };
 
-                   if (!this.isClosed() && nodes.length) {
-                       json.coordinates[0].push(nodes[0].loc);
-                   }
+             return function (a, b) {
+               if (!cache.has(a)) fillCache(a);
+               if (!cache.has(b)) fillCache(b);
 
-                   var area = d3_geoArea(json);
+               var _cache$get = cache.get(a),
+                   asine = _cache$get.sine,
+                   acosine = _cache$get.cosine;
 
-                   // Heuristic for detecting counterclockwise winding order. Assumes
-                   // that OpenStreetMap polygons are not hemisphere-spanning.
-                   if (area > 2 * Math.PI) {
-                       json.coordinates[0] = json.coordinates[0].reverse();
-                       area = d3_geoArea(json);
-                   }
+               var _cache$get2 = cache.get(b),
+                   bsine = _cache$get2.sine,
+                   bcosine = _cache$get2.cosine; // both on or above x-axis
 
-                   return isNaN(area) ? 0 : area;
-               });
-           }
-       });
 
+               if (asine >= 0 && bsine >= 0) {
+                 if (acosine < bcosine) return 1;
+                 if (acosine > bcosine) return -1;
+                 return 0;
+               } // both below x-axis
 
-       // Filter function to eliminate consecutive duplicates.
-       function noRepeatNodes(node, i, arr) {
-           return i === 0 || node !== arr[i - 1];
-       }
 
-       // "Old" multipolyons, previously known as "simple" multipolygons, are as follows:
-       //
-       // 1. Relation tagged with `type=multipolygon` and no interesting tags.
-       // 2. One and only one member with the `outer` role. Must be a way with interesting tags.
-       // 3. No members without a role.
-       //
-       // Old multipolygons are no longer recommended but are still rendered as areas by iD.
+               if (asine < 0 && bsine < 0) {
+                 if (acosine < bcosine) return -1;
+                 if (acosine > bcosine) return 1;
+                 return 0;
+               } // one above x-axis, one below
 
-       function osmOldMultipolygonOuterMemberOfRelation(entity, graph) {
-           if (entity.type !== 'relation' ||
-               !entity.isMultipolygon()
-               || Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length > 1) {
-               return false;
+
+               if (bsine < asine) return -1;
+               if (bsine > asine) return 1;
+               return 0;
+             };
            }
+         }]);
 
-           var outerMember;
-           for (var memberIndex in entity.members) {
-               var member = entity.members[memberIndex];
-               if (!member.role || member.role === 'outer') {
-                   if (outerMember) return false;
-                   if (member.type !== 'way') return false;
-                   if (!graph.hasEntity(member.id)) return false;
+         return SweepEvent;
+       }(); // segments and sweep events when all else is identical
 
-                   outerMember = graph.entity(member.id);
 
-                   if (Object.keys(outerMember.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length === 0) {
-                       return false;
-                   }
-               }
-           }
+       var segmentId = 0;
 
-           return outerMember;
-       }
+       var Segment = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         _createClass(Segment, null, [{
+           key: "compare",
 
-       // For fixing up rendering of multipolygons with tags on the outer member.
-       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/613
-       function osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph) {
-           if (entity.type !== 'way' || Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length === 0)
-               return false;
+           /* This compare() function is for ordering segments in the sweep
+            * line tree, and does so according to the following criteria:
+            *
+            * Consider the vertical line that lies an infinestimal step to the
+            * right of the right-more of the two left endpoints of the input
+            * segments. Imagine slowly moving a point up from negative infinity
+            * in the increasing y direction. Which of the two segments will that
+            * point intersect first? That segment comes 'before' the other one.
+            *
+            * If neither segment would be intersected by such a line, (if one
+            * or more of the segments are vertical) then the line to be considered
+            * is directly on the right-more of the two left inputs.
+            */
+           value: function compare(a, b) {
+             var alx = a.leftSE.point.x;
+             var blx = b.leftSE.point.x;
+             var arx = a.rightSE.point.x;
+             var brx = b.rightSE.point.x; // check if they're even in the same vertical plane
+
+             if (brx < alx) return 1;
+             if (arx < blx) return -1;
+             var aly = a.leftSE.point.y;
+             var bly = b.leftSE.point.y;
+             var ary = a.rightSE.point.y;
+             var bry = b.rightSE.point.y; // is left endpoint of segment B the right-more?
+
+             if (alx < blx) {
+               // are the two segments in the same horizontal plane?
+               if (bly < aly && bly < ary) return 1;
+               if (bly > aly && bly > ary) return -1; // is the B left endpoint colinear to segment A?
+
+               var aCmpBLeft = a.comparePoint(b.leftSE.point);
+               if (aCmpBLeft < 0) return 1;
+               if (aCmpBLeft > 0) return -1; // is the A right endpoint colinear to segment B ?
+
+               var bCmpARight = b.comparePoint(a.rightSE.point);
+               if (bCmpARight !== 0) return bCmpARight; // colinear segments, consider the one with left-more
+               // left endpoint to be first (arbitrary?)
 
-           var parents = graph.parentRelations(entity);
-           if (parents.length !== 1)
-               return false;
+               return -1;
+             } // is left endpoint of segment A the right-more?
 
-           var parent = parents[0];
-           if (!parent.isMultipolygon() || Object.keys(parent.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length > 1)
-               return false;
 
-           var members = parent.members, member;
-           for (var i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
-               member = members[i];
-               if (member.id === entity.id && member.role && member.role !== 'outer')
-                   return false; // Not outer member
-               if (member.id !== entity.id && (!member.role || member.role === 'outer'))
-                   return false; // Not a simple multipolygon
-           }
+             if (alx > blx) {
+               if (aly < bly && aly < bry) return -1;
+               if (aly > bly && aly > bry) return 1; // is the A left endpoint colinear to segment B?
 
-           return parent;
-       }
+               var bCmpALeft = b.comparePoint(a.leftSE.point);
+               if (bCmpALeft !== 0) return bCmpALeft; // is the B right endpoint colinear to segment A?
 
+               var aCmpBRight = a.comparePoint(b.rightSE.point);
+               if (aCmpBRight < 0) return 1;
+               if (aCmpBRight > 0) return -1; // colinear segments, consider the one with left-more
+               // left endpoint to be first (arbitrary?)
 
-       function osmOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph) {
-           if (entity.type !== 'way')
-               return false;
+               return 1;
+             } // if we get here, the two left endpoints are in the same
+             // vertical plane, ie alx === blx
+             // consider the lower left-endpoint to come first
 
-           var parents = graph.parentRelations(entity);
-           if (parents.length !== 1)
-               return false;
 
-           var parent = parents[0];
-           if (!parent.isMultipolygon() || Object.keys(parent.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length > 1)
-               return false;
+             if (aly < bly) return -1;
+             if (aly > bly) return 1; // left endpoints are identical
+             // check for colinearity by using the left-more right endpoint
+             // is the A right endpoint more left-more?
 
-           var members = parent.members, member, outerMember;
-           for (var i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
-               member = members[i];
-               if (!member.role || member.role === 'outer') {
-                   if (outerMember)
-                       return false; // Not a simple multipolygon
-                   outerMember = member;
-               }
-           }
+             if (arx < brx) {
+               var _bCmpARight = b.comparePoint(a.rightSE.point);
 
-           if (!outerMember)
-               return false;
+               if (_bCmpARight !== 0) return _bCmpARight;
+             } // is the B right endpoint more left-more?
 
-           var outerEntity = graph.hasEntity(outerMember.id);
-           if (!outerEntity || !Object.keys(outerEntity.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length)
-               return false;
 
-           return outerEntity;
-       }
+             if (arx > brx) {
+               var _aCmpBRight = a.comparePoint(b.rightSE.point);
 
+               if (_aCmpBRight < 0) return 1;
+               if (_aCmpBRight > 0) return -1;
+             }
 
-       // Join `toJoin` array into sequences of connecting ways.
+             if (arx !== brx) {
+               // are these two [almost] vertical segments with opposite orientation?
+               // if so, the one with the lower right endpoint comes first
+               var ay = ary - aly;
+               var ax = arx - alx;
+               var by = bry - bly;
+               var bx = brx - blx;
+               if (ay > ax && by < bx) return 1;
+               if (ay < ax && by > bx) return -1;
+             } // we have colinear segments with matching orientation
+             // consider the one with more left-more right endpoint to be first
 
-       // Segments which share identical start/end nodes will, as much as possible,
-       // be connected with each other.
-       //
-       // The return value is a nested array. Each constituent array contains elements
-       // of `toJoin` which have been determined to connect.
-       //
-       // Each consitituent array also has a `nodes` property whose value is an
-       // ordered array of member nodes, with appropriate order reversal and
-       // start/end coordinate de-duplication.
-       //
-       // Members of `toJoin` must have, at minimum, `type` and `id` properties.
-       // Thus either an array of `osmWay`s or a relation member array may be used.
-       //
-       // If an member is an `osmWay`, its tags and childnodes may be reversed via
-       // `actionReverse` in the output.
-       //
-       // The returned sequences array also has an `actions` array property, containing
-       // any reversal actions that should be applied to the graph, should the calling
-       // code attempt to actually join the given ways.
-       //
-       // Incomplete members (those for which `graph.hasEntity(element.id)` returns
-       // false) and non-way members are ignored.
-       //
-       function osmJoinWays(toJoin, graph) {
-           function resolve(member) {
-               return graph.childNodes(graph.entity(member.id));
-           }
 
-           function reverse(item) {
-               var action = actionReverse(item.id, { reverseOneway: true });
-               sequences.actions.push(action);
-               return (item instanceof osmWay) ? action(graph).entity(item.id) : item;
-           }
+             if (arx > brx) return 1;
+             if (arx < brx) return -1; // if we get here, two two right endpoints are in the same
+             // vertical plane, ie arx === brx
+             // consider the lower right-endpoint to come first
 
-           // make a copy containing only the items to join
-           toJoin = toJoin.filter(function(member) {
-               return member.type === 'way' && graph.hasEntity(member.id);
-           });
+             if (ary < bry) return -1;
+             if (ary > bry) return 1; // right endpoints identical as well, so the segments are idential
+             // fall back on creation order as consistent tie-breaker
 
-           // Are the things we are joining relation members or `osmWays`?
-           // If `osmWays`, skip the "prefer a forward path" code below (see #4872)
-           var i;
-           var joinAsMembers = true;
-           for (i = 0; i < toJoin.length; i++) {
-               if (toJoin[i] instanceof osmWay) {
-                   joinAsMembers = false;
-                   break;
-               }
-           }
+             if (a.id < b.id) return -1;
+             if (a.id > b.id) return 1; // identical segment, ie a === b
 
-           var sequences = [];
-           sequences.actions = [];
+             return 0;
+           }
+           /* Warning: a reference to ringWindings input will be stored,
+            *  and possibly will be later modified */
 
-           while (toJoin.length) {
-               // start a new sequence
-               var item = toJoin.shift();
-               var currWays = [item];
-               var currNodes = resolve(item).slice();
-               var doneSequence = false;
-
-               // add to it
-               while (toJoin.length && !doneSequence) {
-                   var start = currNodes[0];
-                   var end = currNodes[currNodes.length - 1];
-                   var fn = null;
-                   var nodes = null;
-
-                   // Find the next way/member to join.
-                   for (i = 0; i < toJoin.length; i++) {
-                       item = toJoin[i];
-                       nodes = resolve(item);
-
-                       // (for member ordering only, not way ordering - see #4872)
-                       // Strongly prefer to generate a forward path that preserves the order
-                       // of the members array. For multipolygons and most relations, member
-                       // order does not matter - but for routes, it does. (see #4589)
-                       // If we started this sequence backwards (i.e. next member way attaches to
-                       // the start node and not the end node), reverse the initial way before continuing.
-                       if (joinAsMembers && currWays.length === 1 && nodes[0] !== end && nodes[nodes.length - 1] !== end &&
-                           (nodes[nodes.length - 1] === start || nodes[0] === start)
-                       ) {
-                           currWays[0] = reverse(currWays[0]);
-                           currNodes.reverse();
-                           start = currNodes[0];
-                           end = currNodes[currNodes.length - 1];
-                       }
+         }]);
 
-                       if (nodes[0] === end) {
-                           fn = currNodes.push;               // join to end
-                           nodes = nodes.slice(1);
-                           break;
-                       } else if (nodes[nodes.length - 1] === end) {
-                           fn = currNodes.push;               // join to end
-                           nodes = nodes.slice(0, -1).reverse();
-                           item = reverse(item);
-                           break;
-                       } else if (nodes[nodes.length - 1] === start) {
-                           fn = currNodes.unshift;            // join to beginning
-                           nodes = nodes.slice(0, -1);
-                           break;
-                       } else if (nodes[0] === start) {
-                           fn = currNodes.unshift;            // join to beginning
-                           nodes = nodes.slice(1).reverse();
-                           item = reverse(item);
-                           break;
-                       } else {
-                           fn = nodes = null;
-                       }
-                   }
+         function Segment(leftSE, rightSE, rings, windings) {
+           _classCallCheck(this, Segment);
 
-                   if (!nodes) {     // couldn't find a joinable way/member
-                       doneSequence = true;
-                       break;
-                   }
+           this.id = ++segmentId;
+           this.leftSE = leftSE;
+           leftSE.segment = this;
+           leftSE.otherSE = rightSE;
+           this.rightSE = rightSE;
+           rightSE.segment = this;
+           rightSE.otherSE = leftSE;
+           this.rings = rings;
+           this.windings = windings; // left unset for performance, set later in algorithm
+           // this.ringOut, this.consumedBy, this.prev
+         }
 
-                   fn.apply(currWays, [item]);
-                   fn.apply(currNodes, nodes);
+         _createClass(Segment, [{
+           key: "replaceRightSE",
 
-                   toJoin.splice(i, 1);
+           /* When a segment is split, the rightSE is replaced with a new sweep event */
+           value: function replaceRightSE(newRightSE) {
+             this.rightSE = newRightSE;
+             this.rightSE.segment = this;
+             this.rightSE.otherSE = this.leftSE;
+             this.leftSE.otherSE = this.rightSE;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "bbox",
+           value: function bbox() {
+             var y1 = this.leftSE.point.y;
+             var y2 = this.rightSE.point.y;
+             return {
+               ll: {
+                 x: this.leftSE.point.x,
+                 y: y1 < y2 ? y1 : y2
+               },
+               ur: {
+                 x: this.rightSE.point.x,
+                 y: y1 > y2 ? y1 : y2
                }
+             };
+           }
+           /* A vector from the left point to the right */
 
-               currWays.nodes = currNodes;
-               sequences.push(currWays);
+         }, {
+           key: "vector",
+           value: function vector() {
+             return {
+               x: this.rightSE.point.x - this.leftSE.point.x,
+               y: this.rightSE.point.y - this.leftSE.point.y
+             };
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "isAnEndpoint",
+           value: function isAnEndpoint(pt) {
+             return pt.x === this.leftSE.point.x && pt.y === this.leftSE.point.y || pt.x === this.rightSE.point.x && pt.y === this.rightSE.point.y;
            }
+           /* Compare this segment with a point.
+            *
+            * A point P is considered to be colinear to a segment if there
+            * exists a distance D such that if we travel along the segment
+            * from one * endpoint towards the other a distance D, we find
+            * ourselves at point P.
+            *
+            * Return value indicates:
+            *
+            *   1: point lies above the segment (to the left of vertical)
+            *   0: point is colinear to segment
+            *  -1: point lies below the segment (to the right of vertical)
+            */
 
-           return sequences;
-       }
+         }, {
+           key: "comparePoint",
+           value: function comparePoint(point) {
+             if (this.isAnEndpoint(point)) return 0;
+             var lPt = this.leftSE.point;
+             var rPt = this.rightSE.point;
+             var v = this.vector(); // Exactly vertical segments.
+
+             if (lPt.x === rPt.x) {
+               if (point.x === lPt.x) return 0;
+               return point.x < lPt.x ? 1 : -1;
+             } // Nearly vertical segments with an intersection.
+             // Check to see where a point on the line with matching Y coordinate is.
+
+
+             var yDist = (point.y - lPt.y) / v.y;
+             var xFromYDist = lPt.x + yDist * v.x;
+             if (point.x === xFromYDist) return 0; // General case.
+             // Check to see where a point on the line with matching X coordinate is.
+
+             var xDist = (point.x - lPt.x) / v.x;
+             var yFromXDist = lPt.y + xDist * v.y;
+             if (point.y === yFromXDist) return 0;
+             return point.y < yFromXDist ? -1 : 1;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Given another segment, returns the first non-trivial intersection
+            * between the two segments (in terms of sweep line ordering), if it exists.
+            *
+            * A 'non-trivial' intersection is one that will cause one or both of the
+            * segments to be split(). As such, 'trivial' vs. 'non-trivial' intersection:
+            *
+            *   * endpoint of segA with endpoint of segB --> trivial
+            *   * endpoint of segA with point along segB --> non-trivial
+            *   * endpoint of segB with point along segA --> non-trivial
+            *   * point along segA with point along segB --> non-trivial
+            *
+            * If no non-trivial intersection exists, return null
+            * Else, return null.
+            */
 
-       function actionAddMember(relationId, member, memberIndex, insertPair) {
+         }, {
+           key: "getIntersection",
+           value: function getIntersection(other) {
+             // If bboxes don't overlap, there can't be any intersections
+             var tBbox = this.bbox();
+             var oBbox = other.bbox();
+             var bboxOverlap = getBboxOverlap(tBbox, oBbox);
+             if (bboxOverlap === null) return null; // We first check to see if the endpoints can be considered intersections.
+             // This will 'snap' intersections to endpoints if possible, and will
+             // handle cases of colinearity.
+
+             var tlp = this.leftSE.point;
+             var trp = this.rightSE.point;
+             var olp = other.leftSE.point;
+             var orp = other.rightSE.point; // does each endpoint touch the other segment?
+             // note that we restrict the 'touching' definition to only allow segments
+             // to touch endpoints that lie forward from where we are in the sweep line pass
+
+             var touchesOtherLSE = isInBbox(tBbox, olp) && this.comparePoint(olp) === 0;
+             var touchesThisLSE = isInBbox(oBbox, tlp) && other.comparePoint(tlp) === 0;
+             var touchesOtherRSE = isInBbox(tBbox, orp) && this.comparePoint(orp) === 0;
+             var touchesThisRSE = isInBbox(oBbox, trp) && other.comparePoint(trp) === 0; // do left endpoints match?
+
+             if (touchesThisLSE && touchesOtherLSE) {
+               // these two cases are for colinear segments with matching left
+               // endpoints, and one segment being longer than the other
+               if (touchesThisRSE && !touchesOtherRSE) return trp;
+               if (!touchesThisRSE && touchesOtherRSE) return orp; // either the two segments match exactly (two trival intersections)
+               // or just on their left endpoint (one trivial intersection
 
-           return function action(graph) {
-               var relation = graph.entity(relationId);
+               return null;
+             } // does this left endpoint matches (other doesn't)
 
-               // There are some special rules for Public Transport v2 routes.
-               var isPTv2 = /stop|platform/.test(member.role);
 
-               if ((isNaN(memberIndex) || insertPair) && member.type === 'way' && !isPTv2) {
-                   // Try to perform sensible inserts based on how the ways join together
-                   graph = addWayMember(relation, graph);
-               } else {
-                   // see https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Public_transport#Service_routes
-                   // Stops and Platforms for PTv2 should be ordered first.
-                   // hack: We do not currently have the ability to place them in the exactly correct order.
-                   if (isPTv2 && isNaN(memberIndex)) {
-                       memberIndex = 0;
-                   }
+             if (touchesThisLSE) {
+               // check for segments that just intersect on opposing endpoints
+               if (touchesOtherRSE) {
+                 if (tlp.x === orp.x && tlp.y === orp.y) return null;
+               } // t-intersection on left endpoint
 
-                   graph = graph.replace(relation.addMember(member, memberIndex));
-               }
 
-               return graph;
-           };
+               return tlp;
+             } // does other left endpoint matches (this doesn't)
 
 
-           // Add a way member into the relation "wherever it makes sense".
-           // In this situation we were not supplied a memberIndex.
-           function addWayMember(relation, graph) {
-               var groups, tempWay, item, i, j, k;
+             if (touchesOtherLSE) {
+               // check for segments that just intersect on opposing endpoints
+               if (touchesThisRSE) {
+                 if (trp.x === olp.x && trp.y === olp.y) return null;
+               } // t-intersection on left endpoint
 
-               // remove PTv2 stops and platforms before doing anything.
-               var PTv2members = [];
-               var members = [];
-               for (i = 0; i < relation.members.length; i++) {
-                   var m = relation.members[i];
-                   if (/stop|platform/.test(m.role)) {
-                       PTv2members.push(m);
-                   } else {
-                       members.push(m);
-                   }
-               }
-               relation = relation.update({ members: members });
-
-
-               if (insertPair) {
-                   // We're adding a member that must stay paired with an existing member.
-                   // (This feature is used by `actionSplit`)
-                   //
-                   // This is tricky because the members may exist multiple times in the
-                   // member list, and with different A-B/B-A ordering and different roles.
-                   // (e.g. a bus route that loops out and back - #4589).
-                   //
-                   // Replace the existing member with a temporary way,
-                   // so that `osmJoinWays` can treat the pair like a single way.
-                   tempWay = osmWay({ id: 'wTemp', nodes: insertPair.nodes });
-                   graph = graph.replace(tempWay);
-                   var tempMember = { id: tempWay.id, type: 'way', role: member.role };
-                   var tempRelation = relation.replaceMember({id: insertPair.originalID}, tempMember, true);
-                   groups = utilArrayGroupBy(tempRelation.members, 'type');
-                   groups.way = groups.way || [];
 
-               } else {
-                   // Add the member anywhere, one time. Just push and let `osmJoinWays` decide where to put it.
-                   groups = utilArrayGroupBy(relation.members, 'type');
-                   groups.way = groups.way || [];
-                   groups.way.push(member);
-               }
-
-               members = withIndex(groups.way);
-               var joined = osmJoinWays(members, graph);
-
-               // `joined` might not contain all of the way members,
-               // But will contain only the completed (downloaded) members
-               for (i = 0; i < joined.length; i++) {
-                   var segment = joined[i];
-                   var nodes = segment.nodes.slice();
-                   var startIndex = segment[0].index;
-
-                   // j = array index in `members` where this segment starts
-                   for (j = 0; j < members.length; j++) {
-                       if (members[j].index === startIndex) {
-                           break;
-                       }
-                   }
+               return olp;
+             } // trivial intersection on right endpoints
 
-                   // k = each member in segment
-                   for (k = 0; k < segment.length; k++) {
-                       item = segment[k];
-                       var way = graph.entity(item.id);
-
-                       // If this is a paired item, generate members in correct order and role
-                       if (tempWay && item.id === tempWay.id) {
-                           if (nodes[0].id === insertPair.nodes[0]) {
-                               item.pair = [
-                                   { id: insertPair.originalID, type: 'way', role: item.role },
-                                   { id: insertPair.insertedID, type: 'way', role: item.role }
-                               ];
-                           } else {
-                               item.pair = [
-                                   { id: insertPair.insertedID, type: 'way', role: item.role },
-                                   { id: insertPair.originalID, type: 'way', role: item.role }
-                               ];
-                           }
-                       }
 
-                       // reorder `members` if necessary
-                       if (k > 0) {
-                           if (j+k >= members.length || item.index !== members[j+k].index) {
-                               moveMember(members, item.index, j+k);
-                           }
-                       }
+             if (touchesThisRSE && touchesOtherRSE) return null; // t-intersections on just one right endpoint
 
-                       nodes.splice(0, way.nodes.length - 1);
-                   }
-               }
+             if (touchesThisRSE) return trp;
+             if (touchesOtherRSE) return orp; // None of our endpoints intersect. Look for a general intersection between
+             // infinite lines laid over the segments
 
-               if (tempWay) {
-                   graph = graph.remove(tempWay);
-               }
+             var pt = intersection(tlp, this.vector(), olp, other.vector()); // are the segments parrallel? Note that if they were colinear with overlap,
+             // they would have an endpoint intersection and that case was already handled above
 
-               // Final pass: skip dead items, split pairs, remove index properties
-               var wayMembers = [];
-               for (i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
-                   item = members[i];
-                   if (item.index === -1) continue;
+             if (pt === null) return null; // is the intersection found between the lines not on the segments?
 
-                   if (item.pair) {
-                       wayMembers.push(item.pair[0]);
-                       wayMembers.push(item.pair[1]);
-                   } else {
-                       wayMembers.push(utilObjectOmit(item, ['index']));
-                   }
-               }
+             if (!isInBbox(bboxOverlap, pt)) return null; // round the the computed point if needed
 
-               // Put stops and platforms first, then nodes, ways, relations
-               // This is recommended for Public Transport v2 routes:
-               // see https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Public_transport#Service_routes
-               var newMembers = PTv2members.concat( (groups.node || []), wayMembers, (groups.relation || []) );
+             return rounder.round(pt.x, pt.y);
+           }
+           /**
+            * Split the given segment into multiple segments on the given points.
+            *  * Each existing segment will retain its leftSE and a new rightSE will be
+            *    generated for it.
+            *  * A new segment will be generated which will adopt the original segment's
+            *    rightSE, and a new leftSE will be generated for it.
+            *  * If there are more than two points given to split on, new segments
+            *    in the middle will be generated with new leftSE and rightSE's.
+            *  * An array of the newly generated SweepEvents will be returned.
+            *
+            * Warning: input array of points is modified
+            */
 
-               return graph.replace(relation.update({ members: newMembers }));
+         }, {
+           key: "split",
+           value: function split(point) {
+             var newEvents = [];
+             var alreadyLinked = point.events !== undefined;
+             var newLeftSE = new SweepEvent(point, true);
+             var newRightSE = new SweepEvent(point, false);
+             var oldRightSE = this.rightSE;
+             this.replaceRightSE(newRightSE);
+             newEvents.push(newRightSE);
+             newEvents.push(newLeftSE);
+             var newSeg = new Segment(newLeftSE, oldRightSE, this.rings.slice(), this.windings.slice()); // when splitting a nearly vertical downward-facing segment,
+             // sometimes one of the resulting new segments is vertical, in which
+             // case its left and right events may need to be swapped
 
+             if (SweepEvent.comparePoints(newSeg.leftSE.point, newSeg.rightSE.point) > 0) {
+               newSeg.swapEvents();
+             }
 
-               // `moveMember()` changes the `members` array in place by splicing
-               // the item with `.index = findIndex` to where it belongs,
-               // and marking the old position as "dead" with `.index = -1`
-               //
-               // j=5, k=0                jk
-               // segment                 5 4 7 6
-               // members       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9        keep 5 in j+k
-               //
-               // j=5, k=1                j k
-               // segment                 5 4 7 6
-               // members       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9        move 4 to j+k
-               // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 6 7 8 9      moved
-               //
-               // j=5, k=2                j   k
-               // segment                 5 4 7 6
-               // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 6 7 8 9      move 7 to j+k
-               // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 7 6 x 8 9    moved
-               //
-               // j=5, k=3                j     k
-               // segment                 5 4 7 6
-               // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 7 6 x 8 9    keep 6 in j+k
-               //
-               function moveMember(arr, findIndex, toIndex) {
-                   for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-                       if (arr[i].index === findIndex) {
-                           break;
-                       }
-                   }
+             if (SweepEvent.comparePoints(this.leftSE.point, this.rightSE.point) > 0) {
+               this.swapEvents();
+             } // in the point we just used to create new sweep events with was already
+             // linked to other events, we need to check if either of the affected
+             // segments should be consumed
 
-                   var item = Object.assign({}, arr[i]);   // shallow copy
-                   arr[i].index = -1;   // mark as dead
-                   item.index = toIndex;
-                   arr.splice(toIndex, 0, item);
-               }
 
+             if (alreadyLinked) {
+               newLeftSE.checkForConsuming();
+               newRightSE.checkForConsuming();
+             }
 
-               // This is the same as `Relation.indexedMembers`,
-               // Except we don't want to index all the members, only the ways
-               function withIndex(arr) {
-                   var result = new Array(arr.length);
-                   for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-                       result[i] = Object.assign({}, arr[i]);   // shallow copy
-                       result[i].index = i;
-                   }
-                   return result;
-               }
+             return newEvents;
            }
+           /* Swap which event is left and right */
 
-       }
+         }, {
+           key: "swapEvents",
+           value: function swapEvents() {
+             var tmpEvt = this.rightSE;
+             this.rightSE = this.leftSE;
+             this.leftSE = tmpEvt;
+             this.leftSE.isLeft = true;
+             this.rightSE.isLeft = false;
 
-       function actionAddMidpoint(midpoint, node) {
-           return function(graph) {
-               graph = graph.replace(node.move(midpoint.loc));
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.windings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               this.windings[i] *= -1;
+             }
+           }
+           /* Consume another segment. We take their rings under our wing
+            * and mark them as consumed. Use for perfectly overlapping segments */
 
-               var parents = utilArrayIntersection(
-                   graph.parentWays(graph.entity(midpoint.edge[0])),
-                   graph.parentWays(graph.entity(midpoint.edge[1]))
-               );
+         }, {
+           key: "consume",
+           value: function consume(other) {
+             var consumer = this;
+             var consumee = other;
 
-               parents.forEach(function(way) {
-                   for (var i = 0; i < way.nodes.length - 1; i++) {
-                       if (geoEdgeEqual([way.nodes[i], way.nodes[i + 1]], midpoint.edge)) {
-                           graph = graph.replace(graph.entity(way.id).addNode(node.id, i + 1));
+             while (consumer.consumedBy) {
+               consumer = consumer.consumedBy;
+             }
 
-                           // Add only one midpoint on doubled-back segments,
-                           // turning them into self-intersections.
-                           return;
-                       }
-                   }
-               });
+             while (consumee.consumedBy) {
+               consumee = consumee.consumedBy;
+             }
 
-               return graph;
-           };
-       }
+             var cmp = Segment.compare(consumer, consumee);
+             if (cmp === 0) return; // already consumed
+             // the winner of the consumption is the earlier segment
+             // according to sweep line ordering
 
-       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/AddNodeToWayAction.as
-       function actionAddVertex(wayId, nodeId, index) {
-           return function(graph) {
-               return graph.replace(graph.entity(wayId).addNode(nodeId, index));
-           };
-       }
+             if (cmp > 0) {
+               var tmp = consumer;
+               consumer = consumee;
+               consumee = tmp;
+             } // make sure a segment doesn't consume it's prev
 
-       function actionChangeMember(relationId, member, memberIndex) {
-           return function(graph) {
-               return graph.replace(graph.entity(relationId).updateMember(member, memberIndex));
-           };
-       }
 
-       function actionChangePreset(entityID, oldPreset, newPreset, skipFieldDefaults) {
-           return function action(graph) {
-               var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
-               var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
-               var tags = entity.tags;
+             if (consumer.prev === consumee) {
+               var _tmp = consumer;
+               consumer = consumee;
+               consumee = _tmp;
+             }
 
-               if (oldPreset) tags = oldPreset.unsetTags(tags, geometry);
-               if (newPreset) tags = newPreset.setTags(tags, geometry, skipFieldDefaults);
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = consumee.rings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var ring = consumee.rings[i];
+               var winding = consumee.windings[i];
+               var index = consumer.rings.indexOf(ring);
 
-               return graph.replace(entity.update({tags: tags}));
-           };
-       }
+               if (index === -1) {
+                 consumer.rings.push(ring);
+                 consumer.windings.push(winding);
+               } else consumer.windings[index] += winding;
+             }
 
-       function actionChangeTags(entityId, tags) {
-           return function(graph) {
-               var entity = graph.entity(entityId);
-               return graph.replace(entity.update({tags: tags}));
-           };
-       }
+             consumee.rings = null;
+             consumee.windings = null;
+             consumee.consumedBy = consumer; // mark sweep events consumed as to maintain ordering in sweep event queue
 
-       function osmNode() {
-           if (!(this instanceof osmNode)) {
-               return (new osmNode()).initialize(arguments);
-           } else if (arguments.length) {
-               this.initialize(arguments);
+             consumee.leftSE.consumedBy = consumer.leftSE;
+             consumee.rightSE.consumedBy = consumer.rightSE;
            }
-       }
-
-       osmEntity.node = osmNode;
+           /* The first segment previous segment chain that is in the result */
 
-       osmNode.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);
+         }, {
+           key: "prevInResult",
+           value: function prevInResult() {
+             if (this._prevInResult !== undefined) return this._prevInResult;
+             if (!this.prev) this._prevInResult = null;else if (this.prev.isInResult()) this._prevInResult = this.prev;else this._prevInResult = this.prev.prevInResult();
+             return this._prevInResult;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "beforeState",
+           value: function beforeState() {
+             if (this._beforeState !== undefined) return this._beforeState;
+             if (!this.prev) this._beforeState = {
+               rings: [],
+               windings: [],
+               multiPolys: []
+             };else {
+               var seg = this.prev.consumedBy || this.prev;
+               this._beforeState = seg.afterState();
+             }
+             return this._beforeState;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "afterState",
+           value: function afterState() {
+             if (this._afterState !== undefined) return this._afterState;
+             var beforeState = this.beforeState();
+             this._afterState = {
+               rings: beforeState.rings.slice(0),
+               windings: beforeState.windings.slice(0),
+               multiPolys: []
+             };
+             var ringsAfter = this._afterState.rings;
+             var windingsAfter = this._afterState.windings;
+             var mpsAfter = this._afterState.multiPolys; // calculate ringsAfter, windingsAfter
 
-       Object.assign(osmNode.prototype, {
-           type: 'node',
-           loc: [9999, 9999],
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.rings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var ring = this.rings[i];
+               var winding = this.windings[i];
+               var index = ringsAfter.indexOf(ring);
 
-           extent: function() {
-               return new geoExtent(this.loc);
-           },
+               if (index === -1) {
+                 ringsAfter.push(ring);
+                 windingsAfter.push(winding);
+               } else windingsAfter[index] += winding;
+             } // calcualte polysAfter
 
 
-           geometry: function(graph) {
-               return graph.transient(this, 'geometry', function() {
-                   return graph.isPoi(this) ? 'point' : 'vertex';
-               });
-           },
+             var polysAfter = [];
+             var polysExclude = [];
 
+             for (var _i = 0, _iMax = ringsAfter.length; _i < _iMax; _i++) {
+               if (windingsAfter[_i] === 0) continue; // non-zero rule
 
-           move: function(loc) {
-               return this.update({loc: loc});
-           },
+               var _ring = ringsAfter[_i];
+               var poly = _ring.poly;
+               if (polysExclude.indexOf(poly) !== -1) continue;
+               if (_ring.isExterior) polysAfter.push(poly);else {
+                 if (polysExclude.indexOf(poly) === -1) polysExclude.push(poly);
 
+                 var _index = polysAfter.indexOf(_ring.poly);
 
-           isDegenerate: function() {
-               return !(
-                   Array.isArray(this.loc) && this.loc.length === 2 &&
-                   this.loc[0] >= -180 && this.loc[0] <= 180 &&
-                   this.loc[1] >= -90 && this.loc[1] <= 90
-               );
-           },
+                 if (_index !== -1) polysAfter.splice(_index, 1);
+               }
+             } // calculate multiPolysAfter
 
 
-           // Inspect tags and geometry to determine which direction(s) this node/vertex points
-           directions: function(resolver, projection) {
-               var val;
-               var i;
+             for (var _i2 = 0, _iMax2 = polysAfter.length; _i2 < _iMax2; _i2++) {
+               var mp = polysAfter[_i2].multiPoly;
+               if (mpsAfter.indexOf(mp) === -1) mpsAfter.push(mp);
+             }
 
-               // which tag to use?
-               if (this.isHighwayIntersection(resolver) && (this.tags.stop || '').toLowerCase() === 'all') {
-                   // all-way stop tag on a highway intersection
-                   val = 'all';
-               } else {
-                   // generic direction tag
-                   val = (this.tags.direction || '').toLowerCase();
-
-                   // better suffix-style direction tag
-                   var re = /:direction$/i;
-                   var keys = Object.keys(this.tags);
-                   for (i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
-                       if (re.test(keys[i])) {
-                           val = this.tags[keys[i]].toLowerCase();
-                           break;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+             return this._afterState;
+           }
+           /* Is this segment part of the final result? */
 
-               if (val === '') return [];
-
-               var cardinal = {
-                   north: 0,               n: 0,
-                   northnortheast: 22,     nne: 22,
-                   northeast: 45,          ne: 45,
-                   eastnortheast: 67,      ene: 67,
-                   east: 90,               e: 90,
-                   eastsoutheast: 112,     ese: 112,
-                   southeast: 135,         se: 135,
-                   southsoutheast: 157,    sse: 157,
-                   south: 180,             s: 180,
-                   southsouthwest: 202,    ssw: 202,
-                   southwest: 225,         sw: 225,
-                   westsouthwest: 247,     wsw: 247,
-                   west: 270,              w: 270,
-                   westnorthwest: 292,     wnw: 292,
-                   northwest: 315,         nw: 315,
-                   northnorthwest: 337,    nnw: 337
-               };
+         }, {
+           key: "isInResult",
+           value: function isInResult() {
+             // if we've been consumed, we're not in the result
+             if (this.consumedBy) return false;
+             if (this._isInResult !== undefined) return this._isInResult;
+             var mpsBefore = this.beforeState().multiPolys;
+             var mpsAfter = this.afterState().multiPolys;
+
+             switch (operation.type) {
+               case 'union':
+                 {
+                   // UNION - included iff:
+                   //  * On one side of us there is 0 poly interiors AND
+                   //  * On the other side there is 1 or more.
+                   var noBefores = mpsBefore.length === 0;
+                   var noAfters = mpsAfter.length === 0;
+                   this._isInResult = noBefores !== noAfters;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
+               case 'intersection':
+                 {
+                   // INTERSECTION - included iff:
+                   //  * on one side of us all multipolys are rep. with poly interiors AND
+                   //  * on the other side of us, not all multipolys are repsented
+                   //    with poly interiors
+                   var least;
+                   var most;
+
+                   if (mpsBefore.length < mpsAfter.length) {
+                     least = mpsBefore.length;
+                     most = mpsAfter.length;
+                   } else {
+                     least = mpsAfter.length;
+                     most = mpsBefore.length;
+                   }
 
-               var values = val.split(';');
-               var results = [];
+                   this._isInResult = most === operation.numMultiPolys && least < most;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-               values.forEach(function(v) {
-                   // swap cardinal for numeric directions
-                   if (cardinal[v] !== undefined) {
-                       v = cardinal[v];
-                   }
+               case 'xor':
+                 {
+                   // XOR - included iff:
+                   //  * the difference between the number of multipolys represented
+                   //    with poly interiors on our two sides is an odd number
+                   var diff = Math.abs(mpsBefore.length - mpsAfter.length);
+                   this._isInResult = diff % 2 === 1;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-                   // numeric direction - just add to results
-                   if (v !== '' && !isNaN(+v)) {
-                       results.push(+v);
-                       return;
-                   }
+               case 'difference':
+                 {
+                   // DIFFERENCE included iff:
+                   //  * on exactly one side, we have just the subject
+                   var isJustSubject = function isJustSubject(mps) {
+                     return mps.length === 1 && mps[0].isSubject;
+                   };
 
-                   // string direction - inspect parent ways
-                   var lookBackward =
-                       (this.tags['traffic_sign:backward'] || v === 'backward' || v === 'both' || v === 'all');
-                   var lookForward =
-                       (this.tags['traffic_sign:forward'] || v === 'forward' || v === 'both' || v === 'all');
-
-                   if (!lookForward && !lookBackward) return;
-
-                   var nodeIds = {};
-                   resolver.parentWays(this).forEach(function(parent) {
-                       var nodes = parent.nodes;
-                       for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
-                           if (nodes[i] === this.id) {  // match current entity
-                               if (lookForward && i > 0) {
-                                   nodeIds[nodes[i - 1]] = true;  // look back to prev node
-                               }
-                               if (lookBackward && i < nodes.length - 1) {
-                                   nodeIds[nodes[i + 1]] = true;  // look ahead to next node
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }, this);
+                   this._isInResult = isJustSubject(mpsBefore) !== isJustSubject(mpsAfter);
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-                   Object.keys(nodeIds).forEach(function(nodeId) {
-                       // +90 because geoAngle returns angle from X axis, not Y (north)
-                       results.push(
-                           (geoAngle(this, resolver.entity(nodeId), projection) * (180 / Math.PI)) + 90
-                       );
-                   }, this);
+               default:
+                 throw new Error("Unrecognized operation type found ".concat(operation.type));
+             }
 
-               }, this);
+             return this._isInResult;
+           }
+         }], [{
+           key: "fromRing",
+           value: function fromRing(pt1, pt2, ring) {
+             var leftPt, rightPt, winding; // ordering the two points according to sweep line ordering
 
-               return utilArrayUniq(results);
-           },
+             var cmpPts = SweepEvent.comparePoints(pt1, pt2);
 
+             if (cmpPts < 0) {
+               leftPt = pt1;
+               rightPt = pt2;
+               winding = 1;
+             } else if (cmpPts > 0) {
+               leftPt = pt2;
+               rightPt = pt1;
+               winding = -1;
+             } else throw new Error("Tried to create degenerate segment at [".concat(pt1.x, ", ").concat(pt1.y, "]"));
 
-           isEndpoint: function(resolver) {
-               return resolver.transient(this, 'isEndpoint', function() {
-                   var id = this.id;
-                   return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function(parent) {
-                       return !parent.isClosed() && !!parent.affix(id);
-                   }).length > 0;
-               });
-           },
+             var leftSE = new SweepEvent(leftPt, true);
+             var rightSE = new SweepEvent(rightPt, false);
+             return new Segment(leftSE, rightSE, [ring], [winding]);
+           }
+         }]);
 
+         return Segment;
+       }();
 
-           isConnected: function(resolver) {
-               return resolver.transient(this, 'isConnected', function() {
-                   var parents = resolver.parentWays(this);
+       var RingIn = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function RingIn(geomRing, poly, isExterior) {
+           _classCallCheck(this, RingIn);
 
-                   if (parents.length > 1) {
-                       // vertex is connected to multiple parent ways
-                       for (var i in parents) {
-                           if (parents[i].geometry(resolver) === 'line' &&
-                               parents[i].hasInterestingTags()) return true;
-                       }
-                   } else if (parents.length === 1) {
-                       var way = parents[0];
-                       var nodes = way.nodes.slice();
-                       if (way.isClosed()) { nodes.pop(); }  // ignore connecting node if closed
+           if (!Array.isArray(geomRing) || geomRing.length === 0) {
+             throw new Error('Input geometry is not a valid Polygon or MultiPolygon');
+           }
 
-                       // return true if vertex appears multiple times (way is self intersecting)
-                       return nodes.indexOf(this.id) !== nodes.lastIndexOf(this.id);
-                   }
+           this.poly = poly;
+           this.isExterior = isExterior;
+           this.segments = [];
 
-                   return false;
-               });
-           },
+           if (typeof geomRing[0][0] !== 'number' || typeof geomRing[0][1] !== 'number') {
+             throw new Error('Input geometry is not a valid Polygon or MultiPolygon');
+           }
 
+           var firstPoint = rounder.round(geomRing[0][0], geomRing[0][1]);
+           this.bbox = {
+             ll: {
+               x: firstPoint.x,
+               y: firstPoint.y
+             },
+             ur: {
+               x: firstPoint.x,
+               y: firstPoint.y
+             }
+           };
+           var prevPoint = firstPoint;
 
-           parentIntersectionWays: function(resolver) {
-               return resolver.transient(this, 'parentIntersectionWays', function() {
-                   return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function(parent) {
-                       return (parent.tags.highway ||
-                           parent.tags.waterway ||
-                           parent.tags.railway ||
-                           parent.tags.aeroway) &&
-                           parent.geometry(resolver) === 'line';
-                   });
-               });
-           },
+           for (var i = 1, iMax = geomRing.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+             if (typeof geomRing[i][0] !== 'number' || typeof geomRing[i][1] !== 'number') {
+               throw new Error('Input geometry is not a valid Polygon or MultiPolygon');
+             }
 
+             var point = rounder.round(geomRing[i][0], geomRing[i][1]); // skip repeated points
 
-           isIntersection: function(resolver) {
-               return this.parentIntersectionWays(resolver).length > 1;
-           },
+             if (point.x === prevPoint.x && point.y === prevPoint.y) continue;
+             this.segments.push(Segment.fromRing(prevPoint, point, this));
+             if (point.x < this.bbox.ll.x) this.bbox.ll.x = point.x;
+             if (point.y < this.bbox.ll.y) this.bbox.ll.y = point.y;
+             if (point.x > this.bbox.ur.x) this.bbox.ur.x = point.x;
+             if (point.y > this.bbox.ur.y) this.bbox.ur.y = point.y;
+             prevPoint = point;
+           } // add segment from last to first if last is not the same as first
 
 
-           isHighwayIntersection: function(resolver) {
-               return resolver.transient(this, 'isHighwayIntersection', function() {
-                   return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function(parent) {
-                       return parent.tags.highway && parent.geometry(resolver) === 'line';
-                   }).length > 1;
-               });
-           },
+           if (firstPoint.x !== prevPoint.x || firstPoint.y !== prevPoint.y) {
+             this.segments.push(Segment.fromRing(prevPoint, firstPoint, this));
+           }
+         }
 
+         _createClass(RingIn, [{
+           key: "getSweepEvents",
+           value: function getSweepEvents() {
+             var sweepEvents = [];
 
-           isOnAddressLine: function(resolver) {
-               return resolver.transient(this, 'isOnAddressLine', function() {
-                   return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function(parent) {
-                       return parent.tags.hasOwnProperty('addr:interpolation') &&
-                           parent.geometry(resolver) === 'line';
-                   }).length > 0;
-               });
-           },
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.segments.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var segment = this.segments[i];
+               sweepEvents.push(segment.leftSE);
+               sweepEvents.push(segment.rightSE);
+             }
 
+             return sweepEvents;
+           }
+         }]);
 
-           asJXON: function(changeset_id) {
-               var r = {
-                   node: {
-                       '@id': this.osmId(),
-                       '@lon': this.loc[0],
-                       '@lat': this.loc[1],
-                       '@version': (this.version || 0),
-                       tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function(k) {
-                           return { keyAttributes: { k: k, v: this.tags[k] } };
-                       }, this)
-                   }
-               };
-               if (changeset_id) r.node['@changeset'] = changeset_id;
-               return r;
-           },
+         return RingIn;
+       }();
 
+       var PolyIn = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function PolyIn(geomPoly, multiPoly) {
+           _classCallCheck(this, PolyIn);
 
-           asGeoJSON: function() {
-               return {
-                   type: 'Point',
-                   coordinates: this.loc
-               };
+           if (!Array.isArray(geomPoly)) {
+             throw new Error('Input geometry is not a valid Polygon or MultiPolygon');
            }
-       });
 
-       function actionCircularize(wayId, projection, maxAngle) {
-           maxAngle = (maxAngle || 20) * Math.PI / 180;
+           this.exteriorRing = new RingIn(geomPoly[0], this, true); // copy by value
+
+           this.bbox = {
+             ll: {
+               x: this.exteriorRing.bbox.ll.x,
+               y: this.exteriorRing.bbox.ll.y
+             },
+             ur: {
+               x: this.exteriorRing.bbox.ur.x,
+               y: this.exteriorRing.bbox.ur.y
+             }
+           };
+           this.interiorRings = [];
 
+           for (var i = 1, iMax = geomPoly.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+             var ring = new RingIn(geomPoly[i], this, false);
+             if (ring.bbox.ll.x < this.bbox.ll.x) this.bbox.ll.x = ring.bbox.ll.x;
+             if (ring.bbox.ll.y < this.bbox.ll.y) this.bbox.ll.y = ring.bbox.ll.y;
+             if (ring.bbox.ur.x > this.bbox.ur.x) this.bbox.ur.x = ring.bbox.ur.x;
+             if (ring.bbox.ur.y > this.bbox.ur.y) this.bbox.ur.y = ring.bbox.ur.y;
+             this.interiorRings.push(ring);
+           }
 
-           var action = function(graph, t) {
-               if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
-               t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
+           this.multiPoly = multiPoly;
+         }
 
-               var way = graph.entity(wayId);
-               var origNodes = {};
+         _createClass(PolyIn, [{
+           key: "getSweepEvents",
+           value: function getSweepEvents() {
+             var sweepEvents = this.exteriorRing.getSweepEvents();
 
-               graph.childNodes(way).forEach(function(node) {
-                   if (!origNodes[node.id]) origNodes[node.id] = node;
-               });
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.interiorRings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var ringSweepEvents = this.interiorRings[i].getSweepEvents();
 
-               if (!way.isConvex(graph)) {
-                   graph = action.makeConvex(graph);
-               }
-
-               var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
-               var keyNodes = nodes.filter(function(n) { return graph.parentWays(n).length !== 1; });
-               var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
-               var keyPoints = keyNodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
-               var centroid = (points.length === 2) ? geoVecInterp(points[0], points[1], 0.5) : d3_polygonCentroid(points);
-               var radius = d3_median(points, function(p) { return geoVecLength(centroid, p); });
-               var sign = d3_polygonArea(points) > 0 ? 1 : -1;
-               var ids, i, j, k;
-
-               // we need atleast two key nodes for the algorithm to work
-               if (!keyNodes.length) {
-                   keyNodes = [nodes[0]];
-                   keyPoints = [points[0]];
-               }
-
-               if (keyNodes.length === 1) {
-                   var index = nodes.indexOf(keyNodes[0]);
-                   var oppositeIndex = Math.floor((index + nodes.length / 2) % nodes.length);
-
-                   keyNodes.push(nodes[oppositeIndex]);
-                   keyPoints.push(points[oppositeIndex]);
-               }
-
-               // key points and nodes are those connected to the ways,
-               // they are projected onto the circle, inbetween nodes are moved
-               // to constant intervals between key nodes, extra inbetween nodes are
-               // added if necessary.
-               for (i = 0; i < keyPoints.length; i++) {
-                   var nextKeyNodeIndex = (i + 1) % keyNodes.length;
-                   var startNode = keyNodes[i];
-                   var endNode = keyNodes[nextKeyNodeIndex];
-                   var startNodeIndex = nodes.indexOf(startNode);
-                   var endNodeIndex = nodes.indexOf(endNode);
-                   var numberNewPoints = -1;
-                   var indexRange = endNodeIndex - startNodeIndex;
-                   var nearNodes = {};
-                   var inBetweenNodes = [];
-                   var startAngle, endAngle, totalAngle, eachAngle;
-                   var angle, loc, node, origNode;
-
-                   if (indexRange < 0) {
-                       indexRange += nodes.length;
-                   }
+               for (var j = 0, jMax = ringSweepEvents.length; j < jMax; j++) {
+                 sweepEvents.push(ringSweepEvents[j]);
+               }
+             }
 
-                   // position this key node
-                   var distance = geoVecLength(centroid, keyPoints[i]) || 1e-4;
-                   keyPoints[i] = [
-                       centroid[0] + (keyPoints[i][0] - centroid[0]) / distance * radius,
-                       centroid[1] + (keyPoints[i][1] - centroid[1]) / distance * radius
-                   ];
-                   loc = projection.invert(keyPoints[i]);
-                   node = keyNodes[i];
-                   origNode = origNodes[node.id];
-                   node = node.move(geoVecInterp(origNode.loc, loc, t));
-                   graph = graph.replace(node);
-
-                   // figure out the between delta angle we want to match to
-                   startAngle = Math.atan2(keyPoints[i][1] - centroid[1], keyPoints[i][0] - centroid[0]);
-                   endAngle = Math.atan2(keyPoints[nextKeyNodeIndex][1] - centroid[1], keyPoints[nextKeyNodeIndex][0] - centroid[0]);
-                   totalAngle = endAngle - startAngle;
-
-                   // detects looping around -pi/pi
-                   if (totalAngle * sign > 0) {
-                       totalAngle = -sign * (2 * Math.PI - Math.abs(totalAngle));
-                   }
+             return sweepEvents;
+           }
+         }]);
 
-                   do {
-                       numberNewPoints++;
-                       eachAngle = totalAngle / (indexRange + numberNewPoints);
-                   } while (Math.abs(eachAngle) > maxAngle);
+         return PolyIn;
+       }();
 
+       var MultiPolyIn = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function MultiPolyIn(geom, isSubject) {
+           _classCallCheck(this, MultiPolyIn);
 
-                   // move existing nodes
-                   for (j = 1; j < indexRange; j++) {
-                       angle = startAngle + j * eachAngle;
-                       loc = projection.invert([
-                           centroid[0] + Math.cos(angle) * radius,
-                           centroid[1] + Math.sin(angle) * radius
-                       ]);
+           if (!Array.isArray(geom)) {
+             throw new Error('Input geometry is not a valid Polygon or MultiPolygon');
+           }
 
-                       node = nodes[(j + startNodeIndex) % nodes.length];
-                       origNode = origNodes[node.id];
-                       nearNodes[node.id] = angle;
+           try {
+             // if the input looks like a polygon, convert it to a multipolygon
+             if (typeof geom[0][0][0] === 'number') geom = [geom];
+           } catch (ex) {// The input is either malformed or has empty arrays.
+             // In either case, it will be handled later on.
+           }
 
-                       node = node.move(geoVecInterp(origNode.loc, loc, t));
-                       graph = graph.replace(node);
-                   }
+           this.polys = [];
+           this.bbox = {
+             ll: {
+               x: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY,
+               y: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY
+             },
+             ur: {
+               x: Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY,
+               y: Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY
+             }
+           };
 
-                   // add new inbetween nodes if necessary
-                   for (j = 0; j < numberNewPoints; j++) {
-                       angle = startAngle + (indexRange + j) * eachAngle;
-                       loc = projection.invert([
-                           centroid[0] + Math.cos(angle) * radius,
-                           centroid[1] + Math.sin(angle) * radius
-                       ]);
-
-                       // choose a nearnode to use as the original
-                       var min = Infinity;
-                       for (var nodeId in nearNodes) {
-                           var nearAngle = nearNodes[nodeId];
-                           var dist = Math.abs(nearAngle - angle);
-                           if (dist < min) {
-                               dist = min;
-                               origNode = origNodes[nodeId];
-                           }
-                       }
+           for (var i = 0, iMax = geom.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+             var poly = new PolyIn(geom[i], this);
+             if (poly.bbox.ll.x < this.bbox.ll.x) this.bbox.ll.x = poly.bbox.ll.x;
+             if (poly.bbox.ll.y < this.bbox.ll.y) this.bbox.ll.y = poly.bbox.ll.y;
+             if (poly.bbox.ur.x > this.bbox.ur.x) this.bbox.ur.x = poly.bbox.ur.x;
+             if (poly.bbox.ur.y > this.bbox.ur.y) this.bbox.ur.y = poly.bbox.ur.y;
+             this.polys.push(poly);
+           }
 
-                       node = osmNode({ loc: geoVecInterp(origNode.loc, loc, t) });
-                       graph = graph.replace(node);
+           this.isSubject = isSubject;
+         }
 
-                       nodes.splice(endNodeIndex + j, 0, node);
-                       inBetweenNodes.push(node.id);
-                   }
+         _createClass(MultiPolyIn, [{
+           key: "getSweepEvents",
+           value: function getSweepEvents() {
+             var sweepEvents = [];
 
-                   // Check for other ways that share these keyNodes..
-                   // If keyNodes are adjacent in both ways,
-                   // we can add inBetween nodes to that shared way too..
-                   if (indexRange === 1 && inBetweenNodes.length) {
-                       var startIndex1 = way.nodes.lastIndexOf(startNode.id);
-                       var endIndex1 = way.nodes.lastIndexOf(endNode.id);
-                       var wayDirection1 = (endIndex1 - startIndex1);
-                       if (wayDirection1 < -1) { wayDirection1 = 1; }
-
-                       var parentWays = graph.parentWays(keyNodes[i]);
-                       for (j = 0; j < parentWays.length; j++) {
-                           var sharedWay = parentWays[j];
-                           if (sharedWay === way) continue;
-
-                           if (sharedWay.areAdjacent(startNode.id, endNode.id)) {
-                               var startIndex2 = sharedWay.nodes.lastIndexOf(startNode.id);
-                               var endIndex2 = sharedWay.nodes.lastIndexOf(endNode.id);
-                               var wayDirection2 = (endIndex2 - startIndex2);
-                               var insertAt = endIndex2;
-                               if (wayDirection2 < -1) { wayDirection2 = 1; }
-
-                               if (wayDirection1 !== wayDirection2) {
-                                   inBetweenNodes.reverse();
-                                   insertAt = startIndex2;
-                               }
-                               for (k = 0; k < inBetweenNodes.length; k++) {
-                                   sharedWay = sharedWay.addNode(inBetweenNodes[k], insertAt + k);
-                               }
-                               graph = graph.replace(sharedWay);
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.polys.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var polySweepEvents = this.polys[i].getSweepEvents();
 
+               for (var j = 0, jMax = polySweepEvents.length; j < jMax; j++) {
+                 sweepEvents.push(polySweepEvents[j]);
                }
+             }
 
-               // update the way to have all the new nodes
-               ids = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.id; });
-               ids.push(ids[0]);
+             return sweepEvents;
+           }
+         }]);
 
-               way = way.update({nodes: ids});
-               graph = graph.replace(way);
+         return MultiPolyIn;
+       }();
 
-               return graph;
-           };
+       var RingOut = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         _createClass(RingOut, null, [{
+           key: "factory",
 
+           /* Given the segments from the sweep line pass, compute & return a series
+            * of closed rings from all the segments marked to be part of the result */
+           value: function factory(allSegments) {
+             var ringsOut = [];
 
-           action.makeConvex = function(graph) {
-               var way = graph.entity(wayId);
-               var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
-               var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
-               var sign = d3_polygonArea(points) > 0 ? 1 : -1;
-               var hull = d3_polygonHull(points);
-               var i, j;
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = allSegments.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var segment = allSegments[i];
+               if (!segment.isInResult() || segment.ringOut) continue;
+               var prevEvent = null;
+               var event = segment.leftSE;
+               var nextEvent = segment.rightSE;
+               var events = [event];
+               var startingPoint = event.point;
+               var intersectionLEs = [];
+               /* Walk the chain of linked events to form a closed ring */
 
-               // D3 convex hulls go counterclockwise..
-               if (sign === -1) {
-                   nodes.reverse();
-                   points.reverse();
-               }
+               while (true) {
+                 prevEvent = event;
+                 event = nextEvent;
+                 events.push(event);
+                 /* Is the ring complete? */
 
-               for (i = 0; i < hull.length - 1; i++) {
-                   var startIndex = points.indexOf(hull[i]);
-                   var endIndex = points.indexOf(hull[i+1]);
-                   var indexRange = (endIndex - startIndex);
+                 if (event.point === startingPoint) break;
 
-                   if (indexRange < 0) {
-                       indexRange += nodes.length;
+                 while (true) {
+                   var availableLEs = event.getAvailableLinkedEvents();
+                   /* Did we hit a dead end? This shouldn't happen. Indicates some earlier
+                    * part of the algorithm malfunctioned... please file a bug report. */
+
+                   if (availableLEs.length === 0) {
+                     var firstPt = events[0].point;
+                     var lastPt = events[events.length - 1].point;
+                     throw new Error("Unable to complete output ring starting at [".concat(firstPt.x, ",") + " ".concat(firstPt.y, "]. Last matching segment found ends at") + " [".concat(lastPt.x, ", ").concat(lastPt.y, "]."));
                    }
+                   /* Only one way to go, so cotinue on the path */
+
 
-                   // move interior nodes to the surface of the convex hull..
-                   for (j = 1; j < indexRange; j++) {
-                       var point = geoVecInterp(hull[i], hull[i+1], j / indexRange);
-                       var node = nodes[(j + startIndex) % nodes.length].move(projection.invert(point));
-                       graph = graph.replace(node);
+                   if (availableLEs.length === 1) {
+                     nextEvent = availableLEs[0].otherSE;
+                     break;
                    }
-               }
-               return graph;
-           };
+                   /* We must have an intersection. Check for a completed loop */
 
 
-           action.disabled = function(graph) {
-               if (!graph.entity(wayId).isClosed()) {
-                   return 'not_closed';
-               }
+                   var indexLE = null;
 
-               //disable when already circular
-               var way = graph.entity(wayId);
-               var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
-               var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
-               var hull = d3_polygonHull(points);
-               var epsilonAngle =  Math.PI / 180;
-               if (hull.length !== points.length || hull.length < 3){
-                   return false;
-               }
-               var centroid = d3_polygonCentroid(points);
-               var radius = geoVecLengthSquare(centroid, points[0]);
-
-               // compare distances between centroid and points
-               for (var i = 0; i<hull.length; i++){
-                   var actualPoint = hull[i];
-                   var actualDist = geoVecLengthSquare(actualPoint, centroid);
-                   var diff = Math.abs(actualDist - radius);
-                   //compare distances with epsilon-error (5%)
-                   if (diff > 0.05*radius) {
-                       return false;
-                   }
-               }
-               
-               //check if central angles are smaller than maxAngle
-               for (i = 0; i<hull.length; i++){
-                   actualPoint = hull[i];
-                   var nextPoint = hull[(i+1)%hull.length];
-                   var startAngle = Math.atan2(actualPoint[1] - centroid[1], actualPoint[0] - centroid[0]);
-                   var endAngle = Math.atan2(nextPoint[1] - centroid[1], nextPoint[0] - centroid[0]);
-                   var angle = endAngle - startAngle;
-                   if (angle < 0) {
-                       angle = -angle;
-                   }
-                   if (angle > Math.PI){
-                       angle = (2*Math.PI - angle);
+                   for (var j = 0, jMax = intersectionLEs.length; j < jMax; j++) {
+                     if (intersectionLEs[j].point === event.point) {
+                       indexLE = j;
+                       break;
+                     }
                    }
-        
-                   if (angle > maxAngle + epsilonAngle) {
-                       return false;
+                   /* Found a completed loop. Cut that off and make a ring */
+
+
+                   if (indexLE !== null) {
+                     var intersectionLE = intersectionLEs.splice(indexLE)[0];
+                     var ringEvents = events.splice(intersectionLE.index);
+                     ringEvents.unshift(ringEvents[0].otherSE);
+                     ringsOut.push(new RingOut(ringEvents.reverse()));
+                     continue;
                    }
-               }
-               return 'already_circular';
-           };
+                   /* register the intersection */
 
 
-           action.transitionable = true;
+                   intersectionLEs.push({
+                     index: events.length,
+                     point: event.point
+                   });
+                   /* Choose the left-most option to continue the walk */
 
+                   var comparator = event.getLeftmostComparator(prevEvent);
+                   nextEvent = availableLEs.sort(comparator)[0].otherSE;
+                   break;
+                 }
+               }
 
-           return action;
-       }
+               ringsOut.push(new RingOut(events));
+             }
 
-       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/DeleteWayAction.as
-       function actionDeleteWay(wayID) {
+             return ringsOut;
+           }
+         }]);
 
-           function canDeleteNode(node, graph) {
-               // don't delete nodes still attached to ways or relations
-               if (graph.parentWays(node).length ||
-                   graph.parentRelations(node).length) return false;
+         function RingOut(events) {
+           _classCallCheck(this, RingOut);
 
-               var geometries = osmNodeGeometriesForTags(node.tags);
-               // don't delete if this node can be a standalone point
-               if (geometries.point) return false;
-               // delete if this node only be a vertex
-               if (geometries.vertex) return true;
+           this.events = events;
 
-               // iD doesn't know if this should be a point or vertex,
-               // so only delete if there are no interesting tags
-               return !node.hasInterestingTags();
+           for (var i = 0, iMax = events.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+             events[i].segment.ringOut = this;
            }
 
+           this.poly = null;
+         }
 
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               var way = graph.entity(wayID);
+         _createClass(RingOut, [{
+           key: "getGeom",
+           value: function getGeom() {
+             // Remove superfluous points (ie extra points along a straight line),
+             var prevPt = this.events[0].point;
+             var points = [prevPt];
 
-               graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function(parent) {
-                   parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(wayID);
-                   graph = graph.replace(parent);
+             for (var i = 1, iMax = this.events.length - 1; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var _pt = this.events[i].point;
+               var _nextPt = this.events[i + 1].point;
+               if (compareVectorAngles(_pt, prevPt, _nextPt) === 0) continue;
+               points.push(_pt);
+               prevPt = _pt;
+             } // ring was all (within rounding error of angle calc) colinear points
 
-                   if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
-                       graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
-                   }
-               });
 
-               (new Set(way.nodes)).forEach(function(nodeID) {
-                   graph = graph.replace(way.removeNode(nodeID));
+             if (points.length === 1) return null; // check if the starting point is necessary
 
-                   var node = graph.entity(nodeID);
-                   if (canDeleteNode(node, graph)) {
-                       graph = graph.remove(node);
-                   }
-               });
+             var pt = points[0];
+             var nextPt = points[1];
+             if (compareVectorAngles(pt, prevPt, nextPt) === 0) points.shift();
+             points.push(points[0]);
+             var step = this.isExteriorRing() ? 1 : -1;
+             var iStart = this.isExteriorRing() ? 0 : points.length - 1;
+             var iEnd = this.isExteriorRing() ? points.length : -1;
+             var orderedPoints = [];
 
-               return graph.remove(way);
-           };
+             for (var _i = iStart; _i != iEnd; _i += step) {
+               orderedPoints.push([points[_i].x, points[_i].y]);
+             }
 
+             return orderedPoints;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "isExteriorRing",
+           value: function isExteriorRing() {
+             if (this._isExteriorRing === undefined) {
+               var enclosing = this.enclosingRing();
+               this._isExteriorRing = enclosing ? !enclosing.isExteriorRing() : true;
+             }
 
-           return action;
-       }
+             return this._isExteriorRing;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "enclosingRing",
+           value: function enclosingRing() {
+             if (this._enclosingRing === undefined) {
+               this._enclosingRing = this._calcEnclosingRing();
+             }
 
-       function actionDeleteMultiple(ids) {
-           var actions = {
-               way: actionDeleteWay,
-               node: actionDeleteNode,
-               relation: actionDeleteRelation
-           };
+             return this._enclosingRing;
+           }
+           /* Returns the ring that encloses this one, if any */
 
+         }, {
+           key: "_calcEnclosingRing",
+           value: function _calcEnclosingRing() {
+             // start with the ealier sweep line event so that the prevSeg
+             // chain doesn't lead us inside of a loop of ours
+             var leftMostEvt = this.events[0];
 
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               ids.forEach(function(id) {
-                   if (graph.hasEntity(id)) { // It may have been deleted aready.
-                       graph = actions[graph.entity(id).type](id)(graph);
-                   }
-               });
+             for (var i = 1, iMax = this.events.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var evt = this.events[i];
+               if (SweepEvent.compare(leftMostEvt, evt) > 0) leftMostEvt = evt;
+             }
 
-               return graph;
-           };
+             var prevSeg = leftMostEvt.segment.prevInResult();
+             var prevPrevSeg = prevSeg ? prevSeg.prevInResult() : null;
 
+             while (true) {
+               // no segment found, thus no ring can enclose us
+               if (!prevSeg) return null; // no segments below prev segment found, thus the ring of the prev
+               // segment must loop back around and enclose us
 
-           return action;
-       }
+               if (!prevPrevSeg) return prevSeg.ringOut; // if the two segments are of different rings, the ring of the prev
+               // segment must either loop around us or the ring of the prev prev
+               // seg, which would make us and the ring of the prev peers
+
+               if (prevPrevSeg.ringOut !== prevSeg.ringOut) {
+                 if (prevPrevSeg.ringOut.enclosingRing() !== prevSeg.ringOut) {
+                   return prevSeg.ringOut;
+                 } else return prevSeg.ringOut.enclosingRing();
+               } // two segments are from the same ring, so this was a penisula
+               // of that ring. iterate downward, keep searching
 
-       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/DeleteRelationAction.as
-       function actionDeleteRelation(relationID, allowUntaggedMembers) {
 
-           function canDeleteEntity(entity, graph) {
-               return !graph.parentWays(entity).length &&
-                   !graph.parentRelations(entity).length &&
-                   (!entity.hasInterestingTags() && !allowUntaggedMembers);
+               prevSeg = prevPrevSeg.prevInResult();
+               prevPrevSeg = prevSeg ? prevSeg.prevInResult() : null;
+             }
            }
+         }]);
 
+         return RingOut;
+       }();
 
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               var relation = graph.entity(relationID);
+       var PolyOut = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function PolyOut(exteriorRing) {
+           _classCallCheck(this, PolyOut);
 
-               graph.parentRelations(relation)
-                   .forEach(function(parent) {
-                       parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(relationID);
-                       graph = graph.replace(parent);
+           this.exteriorRing = exteriorRing;
+           exteriorRing.poly = this;
+           this.interiorRings = [];
+         }
 
-                       if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
-                           graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
-                       }
-                   });
+         _createClass(PolyOut, [{
+           key: "addInterior",
+           value: function addInterior(ring) {
+             this.interiorRings.push(ring);
+             ring.poly = this;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "getGeom",
+           value: function getGeom() {
+             var geom = [this.exteriorRing.getGeom()]; // exterior ring was all (within rounding error of angle calc) colinear points
 
-               var memberIDs = utilArrayUniq(relation.members.map(function(m) { return m.id; }));
-               memberIDs.forEach(function(memberID) {
-                   graph = graph.replace(relation.removeMembersWithID(memberID));
+             if (geom[0] === null) return null;
 
-                   var entity = graph.entity(memberID);
-                   if (canDeleteEntity(entity, graph)) {
-                       graph = actionDeleteMultiple([memberID])(graph);
-                   }
-               });
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.interiorRings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var ringGeom = this.interiorRings[i].getGeom(); // interior ring was all (within rounding error of angle calc) colinear points
 
-               return graph.remove(relation);
-           };
+               if (ringGeom === null) continue;
+               geom.push(ringGeom);
+             }
 
+             return geom;
+           }
+         }]);
 
-           return action;
-       }
+         return PolyOut;
+       }();
 
-       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/DeleteNodeAction.as
-       function actionDeleteNode(nodeId) {
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               var node = graph.entity(nodeId);
+       var MultiPolyOut = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function MultiPolyOut(rings) {
+           _classCallCheck(this, MultiPolyOut);
 
-               graph.parentWays(node)
-                   .forEach(function(parent) {
-                       parent = parent.removeNode(nodeId);
-                       graph = graph.replace(parent);
+           this.rings = rings;
+           this.polys = this._composePolys(rings);
+         }
 
-                       if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
-                           graph = actionDeleteWay(parent.id)(graph);
-                       }
-                   });
+         _createClass(MultiPolyOut, [{
+           key: "getGeom",
+           value: function getGeom() {
+             var geom = [];
 
-               graph.parentRelations(node)
-                   .forEach(function(parent) {
-                       parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(nodeId);
-                       graph = graph.replace(parent);
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = this.polys.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var polyGeom = this.polys[i].getGeom(); // exterior ring was all (within rounding error of angle calc) colinear points
 
-                       if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
-                           graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
-                       }
-                   });
+               if (polyGeom === null) continue;
+               geom.push(polyGeom);
+             }
 
-               return graph.remove(node);
-           };
+             return geom;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "_composePolys",
+           value: function _composePolys(rings) {
+             var polys = [];
 
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = rings.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               var ring = rings[i];
+               if (ring.poly) continue;
+               if (ring.isExteriorRing()) polys.push(new PolyOut(ring));else {
+                 var enclosingRing = ring.enclosingRing();
+                 if (!enclosingRing.poly) polys.push(new PolyOut(enclosingRing));
+                 enclosingRing.poly.addInterior(ring);
+               }
+             }
 
-           return action;
-       }
+             return polys;
+           }
+         }]);
 
-       // Connect the ways at the given nodes.
-       //
-       // First choose a node to be the survivor, with preference given
-       // to an existing (not new) node.
-       //
-       // Tags and relation memberships of of non-surviving nodes are merged
-       // to the survivor.
-       //
-       // This is the inverse of `iD.actionDisconnect`.
-       //
-       // Reference:
-       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/MergeNodesAction.as
-       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/actions/MergeNodesAction.java
-       //
-       function actionConnect(nodeIDs) {
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               var survivor;
-               var node;
-               var parents;
-               var i, j;
-
-               // Choose a survivor node, prefer an existing (not new) node - #4974
-               for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-                   survivor = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
-                   if (survivor.version) break;  // found one
-               }
-
-               // Replace all non-surviving nodes with the survivor and merge tags.
-               for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-                   node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
-                   if (node.id === survivor.id) continue;
-
-                   parents = graph.parentWays(node);
-                   for (j = 0; j < parents.length; j++) {
-                       graph = graph.replace(parents[j].replaceNode(node.id, survivor.id));
-                   }
+         return MultiPolyOut;
+       }();
+       /**
+        * NOTE:  We must be careful not to change any segments while
+        *        they are in the SplayTree. AFAIK, there's no way to tell
+        *        the tree to rebalance itself - thus before splitting
+        *        a segment that's in the tree, we remove it from the tree,
+        *        do the split, then re-insert it. (Even though splitting a
+        *        segment *shouldn't* change its correct position in the
+        *        sweep line tree, the reality is because of rounding errors,
+        *        it sometimes does.)
+        */
 
-                   parents = graph.parentRelations(node);
-                   for (j = 0; j < parents.length; j++) {
-                       graph = graph.replace(parents[j].replaceMember(node, survivor));
-                   }
 
-                   survivor = survivor.mergeTags(node.tags);
-                   graph = actionDeleteNode(node.id)(graph);
-               }
+       var SweepLine = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function SweepLine(queue) {
+           var comparator = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : Segment.compare;
 
-               graph = graph.replace(survivor);
+           _classCallCheck(this, SweepLine);
 
-               // find and delete any degenerate ways created by connecting adjacent vertices
-               parents = graph.parentWays(survivor);
-               for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
-                   if (parents[i].isDegenerate()) {
-                       graph = actionDeleteWay(parents[i].id)(graph);
-                   }
-               }
+           this.queue = queue;
+           this.tree = new Tree(comparator);
+           this.segments = [];
+         }
 
-               return graph;
-           };
+         _createClass(SweepLine, [{
+           key: "process",
+           value: function process(event) {
+             var segment = event.segment;
+             var newEvents = []; // if we've already been consumed by another segment,
+             // clean up our body parts and get out
 
+             if (event.consumedBy) {
+               if (event.isLeft) this.queue.remove(event.otherSE);else this.tree.remove(segment);
+               return newEvents;
+             }
 
-           action.disabled = function(graph) {
-               var seen = {};
-               var restrictionIDs = [];
-               var survivor;
-               var node, way;
-               var relations, relation, role;
-               var i, j, k;
+             var node = event.isLeft ? this.tree.insert(segment) : this.tree.find(segment);
+             if (!node) throw new Error("Unable to find segment #".concat(segment.id, " ") + "[".concat(segment.leftSE.point.x, ", ").concat(segment.leftSE.point.y, "] -> ") + "[".concat(segment.rightSE.point.x, ", ").concat(segment.rightSE.point.y, "] ") + 'in SweepLine tree. Please submit a bug report.');
+             var prevNode = node;
+             var nextNode = node;
+             var prevSeg = undefined;
+             var nextSeg = undefined; // skip consumed segments still in tree
 
-               // Choose a survivor node, prefer an existing (not new) node - #4974
-               for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-                   survivor = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
-                   if (survivor.version) break;  // found one
-               }
+             while (prevSeg === undefined) {
+               prevNode = this.tree.prev(prevNode);
+               if (prevNode === null) prevSeg = null;else if (prevNode.key.consumedBy === undefined) prevSeg = prevNode.key;
+             } // skip consumed segments still in tree
 
-               // 1. disable if the nodes being connected have conflicting relation roles
-               for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-                   node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
-                   relations = graph.parentRelations(node);
 
-                   for (j = 0; j < relations.length; j++) {
-                       relation = relations[j];
-                       role = relation.memberById(node.id).role || '';
+             while (nextSeg === undefined) {
+               nextNode = this.tree.next(nextNode);
+               if (nextNode === null) nextSeg = null;else if (nextNode.key.consumedBy === undefined) nextSeg = nextNode.key;
+             }
 
-                       // if this node is a via node in a restriction, remember for later
-                       if (relation.hasFromViaTo()) {
-                           restrictionIDs.push(relation.id);
-                       }
+             if (event.isLeft) {
+               // Check for intersections against the previous segment in the sweep line
+               var prevMySplitter = null;
 
-                       if (seen[relation.id] !== undefined && seen[relation.id] !== role) {
-                           return 'relation';
-                       } else {
-                           seen[relation.id] = role;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+               if (prevSeg) {
+                 var prevInter = prevSeg.getIntersection(segment);
 
-               // gather restrictions for parent ways
-               for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-                   node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
+                 if (prevInter !== null) {
+                   if (!segment.isAnEndpoint(prevInter)) prevMySplitter = prevInter;
 
-                   var parents = graph.parentWays(node);
-                   for (j = 0; j < parents.length; j++) {
-                       var parent = parents[j];
-                       relations = graph.parentRelations(parent);
+                   if (!prevSeg.isAnEndpoint(prevInter)) {
+                     var newEventsFromSplit = this._splitSafely(prevSeg, prevInter);
 
-                       for (k = 0; k < relations.length; k++) {
-                           relation = relations[k];
-                           if (relation.hasFromViaTo()) {
-                               restrictionIDs.push(relation.id);
-                           }
-                       }
+                     for (var i = 0, iMax = newEventsFromSplit.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+                       newEvents.push(newEventsFromSplit[i]);
+                     }
                    }
-               }
-
+                 }
+               } // Check for intersections against the next segment in the sweep line
 
-               // test restrictions
-               restrictionIDs = utilArrayUniq(restrictionIDs);
-               for (i = 0; i < restrictionIDs.length; i++) {
-                   relation = graph.entity(restrictionIDs[i]);
-                   if (!relation.isComplete(graph)) continue;
 
-                   var memberWays = relation.members
-                       .filter(function(m) { return m.type === 'way'; })
-                       .map(function(m) { return graph.entity(m.id); });
+               var nextMySplitter = null;
 
-                   memberWays = utilArrayUniq(memberWays);
-                   var f = relation.memberByRole('from');
-                   var t = relation.memberByRole('to');
-                   var isUturn = (f.id === t.id);
+               if (nextSeg) {
+                 var nextInter = nextSeg.getIntersection(segment);
 
-                   // 2a. disable if connection would damage a restriction
-                   // (a key node is a node at the junction of ways)
-                   var nodes = { from: [], via: [], to: [], keyfrom: [], keyto: [] };
-                   for (j = 0; j < relation.members.length; j++) {
-                       collectNodes(relation.members[j], nodes);
-                   }
+                 if (nextInter !== null) {
+                   if (!segment.isAnEndpoint(nextInter)) nextMySplitter = nextInter;
 
-                   nodes.keyfrom = utilArrayUniq(nodes.keyfrom.filter(hasDuplicates));
-                   nodes.keyto = utilArrayUniq(nodes.keyto.filter(hasDuplicates));
-
-                   var filter = keyNodeFilter(nodes.keyfrom, nodes.keyto);
-                   nodes.from = nodes.from.filter(filter);
-                   nodes.via = nodes.via.filter(filter);
-                   nodes.to = nodes.to.filter(filter);
-
-                   var connectFrom = false;
-                   var connectVia = false;
-                   var connectTo = false;
-                   var connectKeyFrom = false;
-                   var connectKeyTo = false;
-
-                   for (j = 0; j < nodeIDs.length; j++) {
-                       var n = nodeIDs[j];
-                       if (nodes.from.indexOf(n) !== -1)    { connectFrom = true; }
-                       if (nodes.via.indexOf(n) !== -1)     { connectVia = true; }
-                       if (nodes.to.indexOf(n) !== -1)      { connectTo = true; }
-                       if (nodes.keyfrom.indexOf(n) !== -1) { connectKeyFrom = true; }
-                       if (nodes.keyto.indexOf(n) !== -1)   { connectKeyTo = true; }
-                   }
-                   if (connectFrom && connectTo && !isUturn) { return 'restriction'; }
-                   if (connectFrom && connectVia) { return 'restriction'; }
-                   if (connectTo   && connectVia) { return 'restriction'; }
-
-                   // connecting to a key node -
-                   // if both nodes are on a member way (i.e. part of the turn restriction),
-                   // the connecting node must be adjacent to the key node.
-                   if (connectKeyFrom || connectKeyTo) {
-                       if (nodeIDs.length !== 2) { return 'restriction'; }
-
-                       var n0 = null;
-                       var n1 = null;
-                       for (j = 0; j < memberWays.length; j++) {
-                           way = memberWays[j];
-                           if (way.contains(nodeIDs[0])) { n0 = nodeIDs[0]; }
-                           if (way.contains(nodeIDs[1])) { n1 = nodeIDs[1]; }
-                       }
+                   if (!nextSeg.isAnEndpoint(nextInter)) {
+                     var _newEventsFromSplit = this._splitSafely(nextSeg, nextInter);
 
-                       if (n0 && n1) {    // both nodes are part of the restriction
-                           var ok = false;
-                           for (j = 0; j < memberWays.length; j++) {
-                               way = memberWays[j];
-                               if (way.areAdjacent(n0, n1)) {
-                                   ok = true;
-                                   break;
-                               }
-                           }
-                           if (!ok) {
-                               return 'restriction';
-                           }
-                       }
+                     for (var _i = 0, _iMax = _newEventsFromSplit.length; _i < _iMax; _i++) {
+                       newEvents.push(_newEventsFromSplit[_i]);
+                     }
                    }
+                 }
+               } // For simplicity, even if we find more than one intersection we only
+               // spilt on the 'earliest' (sweep-line style) of the intersections.
+               // The other intersection will be handled in a future process().
 
-                   // 2b. disable if nodes being connected will destroy a member way in a restriction
-                   // (to test, make a copy and try actually connecting the nodes)
-                   for (j = 0; j < memberWays.length; j++) {
-                       way = memberWays[j].update({});   // make copy
-                       for (k = 0; k < nodeIDs.length; k++) {
-                           if (nodeIDs[k] === survivor.id) continue;
 
-                           if (way.areAdjacent(nodeIDs[k], survivor.id)) {
-                               way = way.removeNode(nodeIDs[k]);
-                           } else {
-                               way = way.replaceNode(nodeIDs[k], survivor.id);
-                           }
-                       }
-                       if (way.isDegenerate()) {
-                           return 'restriction';
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+               if (prevMySplitter !== null || nextMySplitter !== null) {
+                 var mySplitter = null;
+                 if (prevMySplitter === null) mySplitter = nextMySplitter;else if (nextMySplitter === null) mySplitter = prevMySplitter;else {
+                   var cmpSplitters = SweepEvent.comparePoints(prevMySplitter, nextMySplitter);
+                   mySplitter = cmpSplitters <= 0 ? prevMySplitter : nextMySplitter;
+                 } // Rounding errors can cause changes in ordering,
+                 // so remove afected segments and right sweep events before splitting
 
-               return false;
+                 this.queue.remove(segment.rightSE);
+                 newEvents.push(segment.rightSE);
 
+                 var _newEventsFromSplit2 = segment.split(mySplitter);
 
-               // if a key node appears multiple times (indexOf !== lastIndexOf) it's a FROM-VIA or TO-VIA junction
-               function hasDuplicates(n, i, arr) {
-                   return arr.indexOf(n) !== arr.lastIndexOf(n);
+                 for (var _i2 = 0, _iMax2 = _newEventsFromSplit2.length; _i2 < _iMax2; _i2++) {
+                   newEvents.push(_newEventsFromSplit2[_i2]);
+                 }
                }
 
-               function keyNodeFilter(froms, tos) {
-                   return function(n) {
-                       return froms.indexOf(n) === -1 && tos.indexOf(n) === -1;
-                   };
+               if (newEvents.length > 0) {
+                 // We found some intersections, so re-do the current event to
+                 // make sure sweep line ordering is totally consistent for later
+                 // use with the segment 'prev' pointers
+                 this.tree.remove(segment);
+                 newEvents.push(event);
+               } else {
+                 // done with left event
+                 this.segments.push(segment);
+                 segment.prev = prevSeg;
                }
-
-               function collectNodes(member, collection) {
-                   var entity = graph.hasEntity(member.id);
-                   if (!entity) return;
-
-                   var role = member.role || '';
-                   if (!collection[role]) {
-                       collection[role] = [];
+             } else {
+               // event.isRight
+               // since we're about to be removed from the sweep line, check for
+               // intersections between our previous and next segments
+               if (prevSeg && nextSeg) {
+                 var inter = prevSeg.getIntersection(nextSeg);
+
+                 if (inter !== null) {
+                   if (!prevSeg.isAnEndpoint(inter)) {
+                     var _newEventsFromSplit3 = this._splitSafely(prevSeg, inter);
+
+                     for (var _i3 = 0, _iMax3 = _newEventsFromSplit3.length; _i3 < _iMax3; _i3++) {
+                       newEvents.push(_newEventsFromSplit3[_i3]);
+                     }
                    }
 
-                   if (member.type === 'node') {
-                       collection[role].push(member.id);
-                       if (role === 'via') {
-                           collection.keyfrom.push(member.id);
-                           collection.keyto.push(member.id);
-                       }
+                   if (!nextSeg.isAnEndpoint(inter)) {
+                     var _newEventsFromSplit4 = this._splitSafely(nextSeg, inter);
 
-                   } else if (member.type === 'way') {
-                       collection[role].push.apply(collection[role], entity.nodes);
-                       if (role === 'from' || role === 'via') {
-                           collection.keyfrom.push(entity.first());
-                           collection.keyfrom.push(entity.last());
-                       }
-                       if (role === 'to' || role === 'via') {
-                           collection.keyto.push(entity.first());
-                           collection.keyto.push(entity.last());
-                       }
+                     for (var _i4 = 0, _iMax4 = _newEventsFromSplit4.length; _i4 < _iMax4; _i4++) {
+                       newEvents.push(_newEventsFromSplit4[_i4]);
+                     }
                    }
+                 }
                }
-           };
-
-
-           return action;
-       }
-
-       function actionCopyEntities(ids, fromGraph) {
-           var _copies = {};
 
+               this.tree.remove(segment);
+             }
 
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               ids.forEach(function(id) {
-                   fromGraph.entity(id).copy(fromGraph, _copies);
-               });
+             return newEvents;
+           }
+           /* Safely split a segment that is currently in the datastructures
+            * IE - a segment other than the one that is currently being processed. */
 
-               for (var id in _copies) {
-                   graph = graph.replace(_copies[id]);
-               }
+         }, {
+           key: "_splitSafely",
+           value: function _splitSafely(seg, pt) {
+             // Rounding errors can cause changes in ordering,
+             // so remove afected segments and right sweep events before splitting
+             // removeNode() doesn't work, so have re-find the seg
+             // https://github.com/w8r/splay-tree/pull/5
+             this.tree.remove(seg);
+             var rightSE = seg.rightSE;
+             this.queue.remove(rightSE);
+             var newEvents = seg.split(pt);
+             newEvents.push(rightSE); // splitting can trigger consumption
 
-               return graph;
-           };
+             if (seg.consumedBy === undefined) this.tree.insert(seg);
+             return newEvents;
+           }
+         }]);
 
+         return SweepLine;
+       }();
 
-           action.copies = function() {
-               return _copies;
-           };
+       var POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE = typeof process !== 'undefined' && process.env.POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE || 1000000;
+       var POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_SWEEPLINE_SEGMENTS = typeof process !== 'undefined' && process.env.POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_SWEEPLINE_SEGMENTS || 1000000;
 
+       var Operation = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function Operation() {
+           _classCallCheck(this, Operation);
+         }
 
-           return action;
-       }
+         _createClass(Operation, [{
+           key: "run",
+           value: function run(type, geom, moreGeoms) {
+             operation.type = type;
+             rounder.reset();
+             /* Convert inputs to MultiPoly objects */
 
-       function actionDeleteMember(relationId, memberIndex) {
-           return function(graph) {
-               var relation = graph.entity(relationId)
-                   .removeMember(memberIndex);
+             var multipolys = [new MultiPolyIn(geom, true)];
 
-               graph = graph.replace(relation);
+             for (var i = 0, iMax = moreGeoms.length; i < iMax; i++) {
+               multipolys.push(new MultiPolyIn(moreGeoms[i], false));
+             }
 
-               if (relation.isDegenerate())
-                   graph = actionDeleteRelation(relation.id)(graph);
+             operation.numMultiPolys = multipolys.length;
+             /* BBox optimization for difference operation
+              * If the bbox of a multipolygon that's part of the clipping doesn't
+              * intersect the bbox of the subject at all, we can just drop that
+              * multiploygon. */
 
-               return graph;
-           };
-       }
+             if (operation.type === 'difference') {
+               // in place removal
+               var subject = multipolys[0];
+               var _i = 1;
 
-       function actionDiscardTags(difference, discardTags) {
-         discardTags = discardTags || {};
+               while (_i < multipolys.length) {
+                 if (getBboxOverlap(multipolys[_i].bbox, subject.bbox) !== null) _i++;else multipolys.splice(_i, 1);
+               }
+             }
+             /* BBox optimization for intersection operation
+              * If we can find any pair of multipolygons whose bbox does not overlap,
+              * then the result will be empty. */
 
-         return (graph) => {
-           difference.modified().forEach(checkTags);
-           difference.created().forEach(checkTags);
-           return graph;
 
-           function checkTags(entity) {
-             const keys = Object.keys(entity.tags);
-             let didDiscard = false;
-             let tags = {};
+             if (operation.type === 'intersection') {
+               // TODO: this is O(n^2) in number of polygons. By sorting the bboxes,
+               //       it could be optimized to O(n * ln(n))
+               for (var _i2 = 0, _iMax = multipolys.length; _i2 < _iMax; _i2++) {
+                 var mpA = multipolys[_i2];
 
-             for (let i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
-               const k = keys[i];
-               if (discardTags[k] || !entity.tags[k]) {
-                 didDiscard = true;
-               } else {
-                 tags[k] = entity.tags[k];
+                 for (var j = _i2 + 1, jMax = multipolys.length; j < jMax; j++) {
+                   if (getBboxOverlap(mpA.bbox, multipolys[j].bbox) === null) return [];
+                 }
                }
              }
-             if (didDiscard) {
-               graph = graph.replace(entity.update({ tags: tags }));
-             }
-           }
+             /* Put segment endpoints in a priority queue */
 
-         };
-       }
 
-       // Disconect the ways at the given node.
-       //
-       // Optionally, disconnect only the given ways.
-       //
-       // For testing convenience, accepts an ID to assign to the (first) new node.
-       // Normally, this will be undefined and the way will automatically
-       // be assigned a new ID.
-       //
-       // This is the inverse of `iD.actionConnect`.
-       //
-       // Reference:
-       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/UnjoinNodeAction.as
-       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/actions/UnGlueAction.java
-       //
-       function actionDisconnect(nodeId, newNodeId) {
-           var wayIds;
+             var queue = new Tree(SweepEvent.compare);
 
+             for (var _i3 = 0, _iMax2 = multipolys.length; _i3 < _iMax2; _i3++) {
+               var sweepEvents = multipolys[_i3].getSweepEvents();
 
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               var node = graph.entity(nodeId);
-               var connections = action.connections(graph);
+               for (var _j = 0, _jMax = sweepEvents.length; _j < _jMax; _j++) {
+                 queue.insert(sweepEvents[_j]);
 
-               connections.forEach(function(connection) {
-                   var way = graph.entity(connection.wayID);
-                   var newNode = osmNode({id: newNodeId, loc: node.loc, tags: node.tags});
+                 if (queue.size > POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE) {
+                   // prevents an infinite loop, an otherwise common manifestation of bugs
+                   throw new Error('Infinite loop when putting segment endpoints in a priority queue ' + '(queue size too big). Please file a bug report.');
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+             /* Pass the sweep line over those endpoints */
 
-                   graph = graph.replace(newNode);
-                   if (connection.index === 0 && way.isArea()) {
-                       // replace shared node with shared node..
-                       graph = graph.replace(way.replaceNode(way.nodes[0], newNode.id));
-                   } else if (way.isClosed() && connection.index === way.nodes.length - 1) {
-                       // replace closing node with new new node..
-                       graph = graph.replace(way.unclose().addNode(newNode.id));
-                   } else {
-                       // replace shared node with multiple new nodes..
-                       graph = graph.replace(way.updateNode(newNode.id, connection.index));
-                   }
-               });
 
-               return graph;
-           };
+             var sweepLine = new SweepLine(queue);
+             var prevQueueSize = queue.size;
+             var node = queue.pop();
 
+             while (node) {
+               var evt = node.key;
 
-           action.connections = function(graph) {
-               var candidates = [];
-               var keeping = false;
-               var parentWays = graph.parentWays(graph.entity(nodeId));
-               var way, waynode;
-               for (var i = 0; i < parentWays.length; i++) {
-                   way = parentWays[i];
-                   if (wayIds && wayIds.indexOf(way.id) === -1) {
-                       keeping = true;
-                       continue;
-                   }
-                   if (way.isArea() && (way.nodes[0] === nodeId)) {
-                       candidates.push({ wayID: way.id, index: 0 });
-                   } else {
-                       for (var j = 0; j < way.nodes.length; j++) {
-                           waynode = way.nodes[j];
-                           if (waynode === nodeId) {
-                               if (way.isClosed() &&
-                                   parentWays.length > 1 &&
-                                   wayIds &&
-                                   wayIds.indexOf(way.id) !== -1 &&
-                                   j === way.nodes.length - 1) {
-                                   continue;
-                               }
-                               candidates.push({ wayID: way.id, index: j });
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
+               if (queue.size === prevQueueSize) {
+                 // prevents an infinite loop, an otherwise common manifestation of bugs
+                 var seg = evt.segment;
+                 throw new Error("Unable to pop() ".concat(evt.isLeft ? 'left' : 'right', " SweepEvent ") + "[".concat(evt.point.x, ", ").concat(evt.point.y, "] from segment #").concat(seg.id, " ") + "[".concat(seg.leftSE.point.x, ", ").concat(seg.leftSE.point.y, "] -> ") + "[".concat(seg.rightSE.point.x, ", ").concat(seg.rightSE.point.y, "] from queue. ") + 'Please file a bug report.');
                }
 
-               return keeping ? candidates : candidates.slice(1);
-           };
+               if (queue.size > POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE) {
+                 // prevents an infinite loop, an otherwise common manifestation of bugs
+                 throw new Error('Infinite loop when passing sweep line over endpoints ' + '(queue size too big). Please file a bug report.');
+               }
 
+               if (sweepLine.segments.length > POLYGON_CLIPPING_MAX_SWEEPLINE_SEGMENTS) {
+                 // prevents an infinite loop, an otherwise common manifestation of bugs
+                 throw new Error('Infinite loop when passing sweep line over endpoints ' + '(too many sweep line segments). Please file a bug report.');
+               }
 
-           action.disabled = function(graph) {
-               var connections = action.connections(graph);
-               if (connections.length === 0)
-                   return 'not_connected';
-
-               var parentWays = graph.parentWays(graph.entity(nodeId));
-               var seenRelationIds = {};
-               var sharedRelation;
-
-               parentWays.forEach(function(way) {
-                   var relations = graph.parentRelations(way);
-                   relations.forEach(function(relation) {
-                       if (relation.id in seenRelationIds) {
-                           if (wayIds) {
-                               if (wayIds.indexOf(way.id) !== -1 ||
-                                   wayIds.indexOf(seenRelationIds[relation.id]) !== -1) {
-                                   sharedRelation = relation;
-                               }
-                           } else {
-                               sharedRelation = relation;
-                           }
-                       } else {
-                           seenRelationIds[relation.id] = way.id;
-                       }
-                   });
-               });
+               var newEvents = sweepLine.process(evt);
 
-               if (sharedRelation)
-                   return 'relation';
-           };
+               for (var _i4 = 0, _iMax3 = newEvents.length; _i4 < _iMax3; _i4++) {
+                 var _evt = newEvents[_i4];
+                 if (_evt.consumedBy === undefined) queue.insert(_evt);
+               }
 
+               prevQueueSize = queue.size;
+               node = queue.pop();
+             } // free some memory we don't need anymore
 
-           action.limitWays = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return wayIds;
-               wayIds = val;
-               return action;
-           };
 
+             rounder.reset();
+             /* Collect and compile segments we're keeping into a multipolygon */
 
-           return action;
-       }
+             var ringsOut = RingOut.factory(sweepLine.segments);
+             var result = new MultiPolyOut(ringsOut);
+             return result.getGeom();
+           }
+         }]);
 
-       function actionExtract(entityID) {
+         return Operation;
+       }(); // singleton available by import
 
-           var extractedNodeID;
 
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
+       var operation = new Operation();
 
-               if (entity.type === 'node') {
-                   return extractFromNode(entity, graph);
-               }
+       var union = function union(geom) {
+         for (var _len = arguments.length, moreGeoms = new Array(_len > 1 ? _len - 1 : 0), _key = 1; _key < _len; _key++) {
+           moreGeoms[_key - 1] = arguments[_key];
+         }
 
-               return extractFromWayOrRelation(entity, graph);
-           };
+         return operation.run('union', geom, moreGeoms);
+       };
 
-           function extractFromNode(node, graph) {
+       var intersection$1 = function intersection(geom) {
+         for (var _len2 = arguments.length, moreGeoms = new Array(_len2 > 1 ? _len2 - 1 : 0), _key2 = 1; _key2 < _len2; _key2++) {
+           moreGeoms[_key2 - 1] = arguments[_key2];
+         }
 
-               extractedNodeID = node.id;
+         return operation.run('intersection', geom, moreGeoms);
+       };
 
-               // Create a new node to replace the one we will detach
-               var replacement = osmNode({ loc: node.loc });
-               graph = graph.replace(replacement);
+       var xor = function xor(geom) {
+         for (var _len3 = arguments.length, moreGeoms = new Array(_len3 > 1 ? _len3 - 1 : 0), _key3 = 1; _key3 < _len3; _key3++) {
+           moreGeoms[_key3 - 1] = arguments[_key3];
+         }
 
-               // Process each way in turn, updating the graph as we go
-               graph = graph.parentWays(node)
-                   .reduce(function(accGraph, parentWay) {
-                       return accGraph.replace(parentWay.replaceNode(entityID, replacement.id));
-                   }, graph);
+         return operation.run('xor', geom, moreGeoms);
+       };
 
-               // Process any relations too
-               return graph.parentRelations(node)
-                   .reduce(function(accGraph, parentRel) {
-                       return accGraph.replace(parentRel.replaceMember(node, replacement));
-                   }, graph);
-           }
+       var difference = function difference(subjectGeom) {
+         for (var _len4 = arguments.length, clippingGeoms = new Array(_len4 > 1 ? _len4 - 1 : 0), _key4 = 1; _key4 < _len4; _key4++) {
+           clippingGeoms[_key4 - 1] = arguments[_key4];
+         }
 
-           function extractFromWayOrRelation(entity, graph) {
+         return operation.run('difference', subjectGeom, clippingGeoms);
+       };
 
-               var fromGeometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+       var index = {
+         union: union,
+         intersection: intersection$1,
+         xor: xor,
+         difference: difference
+       };
 
-               var keysToCopyAndRetain = ['source', 'wheelchair'];
-               var keysToRetain = ['area'];
-               var buildingKeysToRetain = ['architect', 'building', 'height', 'layer'];
+       var geojsonPrecision = {exports: {}};
 
-               var extractedLoc = d3_geoCentroid(entity.asGeoJSON(graph));
-               if (!extractedLoc  || !isFinite(extractedLoc[0]) || !isFinite(extractedLoc[1])) {
-                   extractedLoc = entity.extent(graph).center();
+       (function () {
+         function parse(t, coordinatePrecision, extrasPrecision) {
+           function point(p) {
+             return p.map(function (e, index) {
+               if (index < 2) {
+                 return 1 * e.toFixed(coordinatePrecision);
+               } else {
+                 return 1 * e.toFixed(extrasPrecision);
                }
+             });
+           }
 
-               var isBuilding = entity.tags.building && entity.tags.building !== 'no';
+           function multi(l) {
+             return l.map(point);
+           }
 
-               var entityTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);  // shallow copy
-               var pointTags = {};
-               for (var key in entityTags) {
+           function poly(p) {
+             return p.map(multi);
+           }
 
-                   if (entity.type === 'relation' &&
-                       key === 'type') {
-                       continue;
-                   }
+           function multiPoly(m) {
+             return m.map(poly);
+           }
 
-                   if (keysToRetain.indexOf(key) !== -1) {
-                       continue;
-                   }
+           function geometry(obj) {
+             if (!obj) {
+               return {};
+             }
 
-                   if (isBuilding) {
-                       // don't transfer building-related tags
-                       if (buildingKeysToRetain.indexOf(key) !== -1 ||
-                           key.match(/^building:.{1,}/) ||
-                           key.match(/^roof:.{1,}/)) continue;
-                   }
+             switch (obj.type) {
+               case "Point":
+                 obj.coordinates = point(obj.coordinates);
+                 return obj;
 
-                   // copy the tag from the entity to the point
-                   pointTags[key] = entityTags[key];
+               case "LineString":
+               case "MultiPoint":
+                 obj.coordinates = multi(obj.coordinates);
+                 return obj;
 
-                   // leave addresses and some other tags so they're on both features
-                   if (keysToCopyAndRetain.indexOf(key) !== -1 ||
-                       key.match(/^addr:.{1,}/)) {
-                       continue;
-                   }
+               case "Polygon":
+               case "MultiLineString":
+                 obj.coordinates = poly(obj.coordinates);
+                 return obj;
 
-                   // remove the tag from the entity
-                   delete entityTags[key];
-               }
+               case "MultiPolygon":
+                 obj.coordinates = multiPoly(obj.coordinates);
+                 return obj;
 
-               if (!isBuilding && fromGeometry === 'area') {
-                   // ensure that areas keep area geometry
-                   entityTags.area = 'yes';
-               }
+               case "GeometryCollection":
+                 obj.geometries = obj.geometries.map(geometry);
+                 return obj;
 
-               var replacement = osmNode({ loc: extractedLoc, tags: pointTags });
-               graph = graph.replace(replacement);
+               default:
+                 return {};
+             }
+           }
 
-               extractedNodeID = replacement.id;
+           function feature(obj) {
+             obj.geometry = geometry(obj.geometry);
+             return obj;
+           }
 
-               return graph.replace(entity.update({tags: entityTags}));
+           function featureCollection(f) {
+             f.features = f.features.map(feature);
+             return f;
            }
 
-           action.getExtractedNodeID = function() {
-               return extractedNodeID;
-           };
+           function geometryCollection(g) {
+             g.geometries = g.geometries.map(geometry);
+             return g;
+           }
 
-           return action;
-       }
+           if (!t) {
+             return t;
+           }
 
-       // Join ways at the end node they share.
-       //
-       // This is the inverse of `iD.actionSplit`.
-       //
-       // Reference:
-       //   https://github.com/systemed/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/MergeWaysAction.as
-       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/actions/CombineWayAction.java
-       //
-       function actionJoin(ids) {
+           switch (t.type) {
+             case "Feature":
+               return feature(t);
 
-           function groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph) {
-               var entities = ids.map(function(id) { return graph.entity(id); });
-               return Object.assign(
-                   { line: [] },
-                   utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function(entity) { return entity.geometry(graph); })
-               );
-           }
+             case "GeometryCollection":
+               return geometryCollection(t);
 
+             case "FeatureCollection":
+               return featureCollection(t);
 
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               var ways = ids.map(graph.entity, graph);
-               var survivorID = ways[0].id;
+             case "Point":
+             case "LineString":
+             case "Polygon":
+             case "MultiPoint":
+             case "MultiPolygon":
+             case "MultiLineString":
+               return geometry(t);
 
-               // if any of the ways are sided (e.g. coastline, cliff, kerb)
-               // sort them first so they establish the overall order - #6033
-               ways.sort(function(a, b) {
-                   var aSided = a.isSided();
-                   var bSided = b.isSided();
-                   return (aSided && !bSided) ? -1
-                       : (bSided && !aSided) ? 1
-                       : 0;
-               });
+             default:
+               return t;
+           }
+         }
 
-               // Prefer to keep an existing way.
-               for (var i = 0; i < ways.length; i++) {
-                   if (!ways[i].isNew()) {
-                       survivorID = ways[i].id;
-                       break;
-                   }
-               }
+         geojsonPrecision.exports = parse;
+         geojsonPrecision.exports.parse = parse;
+       })();
 
-               var sequences = osmJoinWays(ways, graph);
-               var joined = sequences[0];
+       var precision = geojsonPrecision.exports;
 
-               // We might need to reverse some of these ways before joining them.  #4688
-               // `joined.actions` property will contain any actions we need to apply.
-               graph = sequences.actions.reduce(function(g, action) { return action(g); }, graph);
+       var $$k = _export;
+       var fails$5 = fails$V;
+       var toObject$1 = toObject$i;
+       var toPrimitive = toPrimitive$3;
 
-               var survivor = graph.entity(survivorID);
-               survivor = survivor.update({ nodes: joined.nodes.map(function(n) { return n.id; }) });
-               graph = graph.replace(survivor);
+       var FORCED$5 = fails$5(function () {
+         return new Date(NaN).toJSON() !== null
+           || Date.prototype.toJSON.call({ toISOString: function () { return 1; } }) !== 1;
+       });
 
-               joined.forEach(function(way) {
-                   if (way.id === survivorID) return;
+       // `Date.prototype.toJSON` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-date.prototype.tojson
+       $$k({ target: 'Date', proto: true, forced: FORCED$5 }, {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars -- required for `.length`
+         toJSON: function toJSON(key) {
+           var O = toObject$1(this);
+           var pv = toPrimitive(O, 'number');
+           return typeof pv == 'number' && !isFinite(pv) ? null : O.toISOString();
+         }
+       });
 
-                   graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function(parent) {
-                       graph = graph.replace(parent.replaceMember(way, survivor));
-                   });
+       var $$j = _export;
+       var call = functionCall;
 
-                   survivor = survivor.mergeTags(way.tags);
+       // `URL.prototype.toJSON` method
+       // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-tojson
+       $$j({ target: 'URL', proto: true, enumerable: true }, {
+         toJSON: function toJSON() {
+           return call(URL.prototype.toString, this);
+         }
+       });
 
-                   graph = graph.replace(survivor);
-                   graph = actionDeleteWay(way.id)(graph);
-               });
+       function isObject$3(obj) {
+         return _typeof(obj) === 'object' && obj !== null;
+       }
 
-               // Finds if the join created a single-member multipolygon,
-               // and if so turns it into a basic area instead
-               function checkForSimpleMultipolygon() {
-                   if (!survivor.isClosed()) return;
+       function forEach(obj, cb) {
+         if (Array.isArray(obj)) {
+           obj.forEach(cb);
+         } else if (isObject$3(obj)) {
+           Object.keys(obj).forEach(function (key) {
+             var val = obj[key];
+             cb(val, key);
+           });
+         }
+       }
 
-                   var multipolygons = graph.parentMultipolygons(survivor).filter(function(multipolygon) {
-                       // find multipolygons where the survivor is the only member
-                       return multipolygon.members.length === 1;
-                   });
+       function getTreeDepth(obj) {
+         var depth = 0;
 
-                   // skip if this is the single member of multiple multipolygons
-                   if (multipolygons.length !== 1) return;
+         if (Array.isArray(obj) || isObject$3(obj)) {
+           forEach(obj, function (val) {
+             if (Array.isArray(val) || isObject$3(val)) {
+               var tmpDepth = getTreeDepth(val);
 
-                   var multipolygon = multipolygons[0];
+               if (tmpDepth > depth) {
+                 depth = tmpDepth;
+               }
+             }
+           });
+           return depth + 1;
+         }
 
-                   for (var key in survivor.tags) {
-                       if (multipolygon.tags[key] &&
-                           // don't collapse if tags cannot be cleanly merged
-                           multipolygon.tags[key] !== survivor.tags[key]) return;
-                   }
+         return depth;
+       }
 
-                   survivor = survivor.mergeTags(multipolygon.tags);
-                   graph = graph.replace(survivor);
-                   graph = actionDeleteRelation(multipolygon.id, true /* allow untagged members */)(graph);
+       function stringify(obj, options) {
+         options = options || {};
+         var indent = JSON.stringify([1], null, get(options, 'indent', 2)).slice(2, -3);
+         var addMargin = get(options, 'margins', false);
+         var addArrayMargin = get(options, 'arrayMargins', false);
+         var addObjectMargin = get(options, 'objectMargins', false);
+         var maxLength = indent === '' ? Infinity : get(options, 'maxLength', 80);
+         var maxNesting = get(options, 'maxNesting', Infinity);
+         return function _stringify(obj, currentIndent, reserved) {
+           if (obj && typeof obj.toJSON === 'function') {
+             obj = obj.toJSON();
+           }
 
-                   var tags = Object.assign({}, survivor.tags);
-                   if (survivor.geometry(graph) !== 'area') {
-                       // ensure the feature persists as an area
-                       tags.area = 'yes';
-                   }
-                   delete tags.type; // remove type=multipolygon
-                   survivor = survivor.update({ tags: tags });
-                   graph = graph.replace(survivor);
-               }
-               checkForSimpleMultipolygon();
+           var string = JSON.stringify(obj);
 
-               return graph;
-           };
+           if (string === undefined) {
+             return string;
+           }
 
-           // Returns the number of nodes the resultant way is expected to have
-           action.resultingWayNodesLength = function(graph) {
-               return ids.reduce(function(count, id) {
-                   return count + graph.entity(id).nodes.length;
-               }, 0) - ids.length - 1;
-           };
+           var length = maxLength - currentIndent.length - reserved;
+           var treeDepth = getTreeDepth(obj);
 
+           if (treeDepth <= maxNesting && string.length <= length) {
+             var prettified = prettify(string, {
+               addMargin: addMargin,
+               addArrayMargin: addArrayMargin,
+               addObjectMargin: addObjectMargin
+             });
 
-           action.disabled = function(graph) {
-               var geometries = groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph);
-               if (ids.length < 2 || ids.length !== geometries.line.length) {
-                   return 'not_eligible';
-               }
+             if (prettified.length <= length) {
+               return prettified;
+             }
+           }
 
-               var joined = osmJoinWays(ids.map(graph.entity, graph), graph);
-               if (joined.length > 1) {
-                   return 'not_adjacent';
-               }
+           if (isObject$3(obj)) {
+             var nextIndent = currentIndent + indent;
+             var items = [];
+             var delimiters;
 
-               // Loop through all combinations of path-pairs
-               // to check potential intersections between all pairs
-               for (var i = 0; i < ids.length - 1; i++) {
-                   for (var j = i + 1; j < ids.length; j++) {
-                       var path1 = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(ids[i]))
-                           .map(function(e) { return e.loc; });
-                       var path2 = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(ids[j]))
-                           .map(function(e) { return e.loc; });
-                       var intersections = geoPathIntersections(path1, path2);
+             var comma = function comma(array, index) {
+               return index === array.length - 1 ? 0 : 1;
+             };
 
-                       // Check if intersections are just nodes lying on top of
-                       // each other/the line, as opposed to crossing it
-                       var common = utilArrayIntersection(
-                           joined[0].nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc.toString(); }),
-                           intersections.map(function(n) { return n.toString(); })
-                       );
-                       if (common.length !== intersections.length) {
-                           return 'paths_intersect';
-                       }
-                   }
+             if (Array.isArray(obj)) {
+               for (var index = 0; index < obj.length; index++) {
+                 items.push(_stringify(obj[index], nextIndent, comma(obj, index)) || 'null');
                }
 
-               var nodeIds = joined[0].nodes.map(function(n) { return n.id; }).slice(1, -1);
-               var relation;
-               var tags = {};
-               var conflicting = false;
+               delimiters = '[]';
+             } else {
+               Object.keys(obj).forEach(function (key, index, array) {
+                 var keyPart = JSON.stringify(key) + ': ';
 
-               joined[0].forEach(function(way) {
-                   var parents = graph.parentRelations(way);
-                   parents.forEach(function(parent) {
-                       if (parent.isRestriction() && parent.members.some(function(m) { return nodeIds.indexOf(m.id) >= 0; })) {
-                           relation = parent;
-                       }
-                   });
+                 var value = _stringify(obj[key], nextIndent, keyPart.length + comma(array, index));
 
-                   for (var k in way.tags) {
-                       if (!(k in tags)) {
-                           tags[k] = way.tags[k];
-                       } else if (tags[k] && osmIsInterestingTag(k) && tags[k] !== way.tags[k]) {
-                           conflicting = true;
-                       }
-                   }
+                 if (value !== undefined) {
+                   items.push(keyPart + value);
+                 }
                });
+               delimiters = '{}';
+             }
 
-               if (relation) {
-                   return 'restriction';
-               }
+             if (items.length > 0) {
+               return [delimiters[0], indent + items.join(',\n' + nextIndent), delimiters[1]].join('\n' + currentIndent);
+             }
+           }
 
-               if (conflicting) {
-                   return 'conflicting_tags';
-               }
-           };
+           return string;
+         }(obj, '', 0);
+       } // Note: This regex matches even invalid JSON strings, but since we’re
+       // working on the output of `JSON.stringify` we know that only valid strings
+       // are present (unless the user supplied a weird `options.indent` but in
+       // that case we don’t care since the output would be invalid anyway).
 
 
-           return action;
+       var stringOrChar = /("(?:[^\\"]|\\.)*")|[:,\][}{]/g;
+
+       function prettify(string, options) {
+         options = options || {};
+         var tokens = {
+           '{': '{',
+           '}': '}',
+           '[': '[',
+           ']': ']',
+           ',': ', ',
+           ':': ': '
+         };
+
+         if (options.addMargin || options.addObjectMargin) {
+           tokens['{'] = '{ ';
+           tokens['}'] = ' }';
+         }
+
+         if (options.addMargin || options.addArrayMargin) {
+           tokens['['] = '[ ';
+           tokens[']'] = ' ]';
+         }
+
+         return string.replace(stringOrChar, function (match, string) {
+           return string ? match : tokens[match];
+         });
        }
 
-       function actionMerge(ids) {
+       function get(options, name, defaultValue) {
+         return name in options ? options[name] : defaultValue;
+       }
 
-           function groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph) {
-               var entities = ids.map(function(id) { return graph.entity(id); });
-               return Object.assign(
-                   { point: [], area: [], line: [], relation: [] },
-                   utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function(entity) { return entity.geometry(graph); })
-               );
-           }
+       var jsonStringifyPrettyCompact = stringify;
 
+       var _default = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         // constructor
+         //
+         // `fc`  Optional FeatureCollection of known features
+         //
+         // Optionally pass a GeoJSON FeatureCollection of known features which we can refer to later.
+         // Each feature must have a filename-like `id`, for example: `something.geojson`
+         //
+         // {
+         //   "type": "FeatureCollection"
+         //   "features": [
+         //     {
+         //       "type": "Feature",
+         //       "id": "philly_metro.geojson",
+         //       "properties": { … },
+         //       "geometry": { … }
+         //     }
+         //   ]
+         // }
+         function _default(fc) {
+           var _this = this;
 
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               var geometries = groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph);
-               var target = geometries.area[0] || geometries.line[0];
-               var points = geometries.point;
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, _default);
 
-               points.forEach(function(point) {
-                   target = target.mergeTags(point.tags);
-                   graph = graph.replace(target);
+           // The _cache retains resolved features, so if you ask for the same thing multiple times
+           // we don't repeat the expensive resolving/clipping operations.
+           //
+           // Each feature has a stable identifier that is used as the cache key.
+           // The identifiers look like:
+           // - for point locations, the stringified point:          e.g. '[8.67039,49.41882]'
+           // - for geojson locations, the geojson id:               e.g. 'de-hamburg.geojson'
+           // - for countrycoder locations, feature.id property:     e.g. 'Q2'  (countrycoder uses Wikidata identifiers)
+           // - for aggregated locationSets, +[include]-[exclude]:   e.g '+[Q2]-[Q18,Q27611]'
+           this._cache = {}; // When strict mode = true, throw on invalid locations or locationSets.
+           // When strict mode = false, return `null` for invalid locations or locationSets.
 
-                   graph.parentRelations(point).forEach(function(parent) {
-                       graph = graph.replace(parent.replaceMember(point, target));
-                   });
+           this._strict = true; // process input FeatureCollection
 
-                   var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(target));
-                   var removeNode = point;
+           if (fc && fc.type === 'FeatureCollection' && Array.isArray(fc.features)) {
+             fc.features.forEach(function (feature) {
+               feature.properties = feature.properties || {};
+               var props = feature.properties; // Get `id` from either `id` or `properties`
 
-                   for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
-                       var node = nodes[i];
-                       if (graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 ||
-                           graph.parentRelations(node).length ||
-                           node.hasInterestingTags()) {
-                           continue;
-                       }
+               var id = feature.id || props.id;
+               if (!id || !/^\S+\.geojson$/i.test(id)) return; // Ensure `id` exists and is lowercase
 
-                       // Found an uninteresting child node on the target way.
-                       // Move orig point into its place to preserve point's history. #3683
-                       graph = graph.replace(point.update({ tags: {}, loc: node.loc }));
-                       target = target.replaceNode(node.id, point.id);
-                       graph = graph.replace(target);
-                       removeNode = node;
-                       break;
-                   }
+               id = id.toLowerCase();
+               feature.id = id;
+               props.id = id; // Ensure `area` property exists
 
-                   graph = graph.remove(removeNode);
-               });
+               if (!props.area) {
+                 var area = geojsonArea.geometry(feature.geometry) / 1e6; // m² to km²
 
-               if (target.tags.area === 'yes') {
-                   var tags = Object.assign({}, target.tags); // shallow copy
-                   delete tags.area;
-                   if (osmTagSuggestingArea(tags)) {
-                       // remove the `area` tag if area geometry is now implied - #3851
-                       target = target.update({ tags: tags });
-                       graph = graph.replace(target);
-                   }
+                 props.area = Number(area.toFixed(2));
                }
 
-               return graph;
-           };
+               _this._cache[id] = feature;
+             });
+           } // Replace CountryCoder world geometry to be a polygon covering the world.
 
 
-           action.disabled = function(graph) {
-               var geometries = groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph);
-               if (geometries.point.length === 0 ||
-                   (geometries.area.length + geometries.line.length) !== 1 ||
-                   geometries.relation.length !== 0) {
-                   return 'not_eligible';
-               }
-           };
+           var world = _cloneDeep(feature$1('Q2'));
 
+           world.geometry = {
+             type: 'Polygon',
+             coordinates: [[[-180, -90], [180, -90], [180, 90], [-180, 90], [-180, -90]]]
+           };
+           world.id = 'Q2';
+           world.properties.id = 'Q2';
+           world.properties.area = geojsonArea.geometry(world.geometry) / 1e6; // m² to km²
 
-           return action;
-       }
+           this._cache.Q2 = world;
+         } // validateLocation
+         // `location`  The location to validate
+         //
+         // Pass a `location` value to validate
+         //
+         // Returns a result like:
+         //   {
+         //     type:     'point', 'geojson', or 'countrycoder'
+         //     location:  the queried location
+         //     id:        the stable identifier for the feature
+         //   }
+         // or `null` if the location is invalid
+         //
 
-       // `actionMergeNodes` is just a combination of:
-       //
-       // 1. move all the nodes to a common location
-       // 2. `actionConnect` them
 
-       function actionMergeNodes(nodeIDs, loc) {
+         _createClass$1(_default, [{
+           key: "validateLocation",
+           value: function validateLocation(location) {
+             if (Array.isArray(location) && (location.length === 2 || location.length === 3)) {
+               // [lon, lat] or [lon, lat, radius] point?
+               var lon = location[0];
+               var lat = location[1];
+               var radius = location[2];
 
-           // If there is a single "interesting" node, use that as the location.
-           // Otherwise return the average location of all the nodes.
-           function chooseLoc(graph) {
-               if (!nodeIDs.length) return null;
-               var sum = [0,0];
-               var interestingCount = 0;
-               var interestingLoc;
-
-               for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-                   var node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
-                   if (node.hasInterestingTags()) {
-                       interestingLoc = (++interestingCount === 1) ? node.loc : null;
-                   }
-                   sum = geoVecAdd(sum, node.loc);
+               if (Number.isFinite(lon) && lon >= -180 && lon <= 180 && Number.isFinite(lat) && lat >= -90 && lat <= 90 && (location.length === 2 || Number.isFinite(radius) && radius > 0)) {
+                 var id = '[' + location.toString() + ']';
+                 return {
+                   type: 'point',
+                   location: location,
+                   id: id
+                 };
                }
+             } else if (typeof location === 'string' && /^\S+\.geojson$/i.test(location)) {
+               // a .geojson filename?
+               var _id = location.toLowerCase();
 
-               return interestingLoc || geoVecScale(sum, 1 / nodeIDs.length);
-           }
-
-
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               if (nodeIDs.length < 2) return graph;
-               var toLoc = loc;
-               if (!toLoc) {
-                   toLoc = chooseLoc(graph);
+               if (this._cache[_id]) {
+                 return {
+                   type: 'geojson',
+                   location: location,
+                   id: _id
+                 };
                }
+             } else if (typeof location === 'string' || typeof location === 'number') {
+               // a country-coder value?
+               var feature = feature$1(location);
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-                   var node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
-                   if (node.loc !== toLoc) {
-                       graph = graph.replace(node.move(toLoc));
-                   }
+               if (feature) {
+                 // Use wikidata QID as the identifier, since that seems to be the one
+                 // property that everything in CountryCoder is guaranteed to have.
+                 var _id2 = feature.properties.wikidata;
+                 return {
+                   type: 'countrycoder',
+                   location: location,
+                   id: _id2
+                 };
                }
+             }
 
-               return actionConnect(nodeIDs)(graph);
-           };
+             if (this._strict) {
+               throw new Error("validateLocation:  Invalid location: \"".concat(location, "\"."));
+             } else {
+               return null;
+             }
+           } // resolveLocation
+           // `location`  The location to resolve
+           //
+           // Pass a `location` value to resolve
+           //
+           // Returns a result like:
+           //   {
+           //     type:      'point', 'geojson', or 'countrycoder'
+           //     location:  the queried location
+           //     id:        a stable identifier for the feature
+           //     feature:   the resolved GeoJSON feature
+           //   }
+           //  or `null` if the location is invalid
+           //
 
+         }, {
+           key: "resolveLocation",
+           value: function resolveLocation(location) {
+             var valid = this.validateLocation(location);
+             if (!valid) return null;
+             var id = valid.id; // Return a result from cache if we can
 
-           action.disabled = function(graph) {
-               if (nodeIDs.length < 2) return 'not_eligible';
+             if (this._cache[id]) {
+               return Object.assign(valid, {
+                 feature: this._cache[id]
+               });
+             } // A [lon,lat] coordinate pair?
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
-                   var entity = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
-                   if (entity.type !== 'node') return 'not_eligible';
-               }
 
-               return actionConnect(nodeIDs).disabled(graph);
-           };
+             if (valid.type === 'point') {
+               var lon = location[0];
+               var lat = location[1];
+               var radius = location[2] || 25; // km
 
-           return action;
-       }
+               var EDGES = 10;
+               var PRECISION = 3;
+               var area = Math.PI * radius * radius;
+               var feature = this._cache[id] = precision({
+                 type: 'Feature',
+                 id: id,
+                 properties: {
+                   id: id,
+                   area: Number(area.toFixed(2))
+                 },
+                 geometry: circleToPolygon([lon, lat], radius * 1000, EDGES) // km to m
+
+               }, PRECISION);
+               return Object.assign(valid, {
+                 feature: feature
+               }); // A .geojson filename?
+             } else if (valid.type === 'geojson') ; else if (valid.type === 'countrycoder') {
+               var _feature = _cloneDeep(feature$1(id));
+
+               var props = _feature.properties; // -> This block of code is weird and requires some explanation. <-
+               // CountryCoder includes higher level features which are made up of members.
+               // These features don't have their own geometry, but CountryCoder provides an
+               //   `aggregateFeature` method to combine these members into a MultiPolygon.
+               // In the past, Turf/JSTS/martinez could not handle the aggregated features,
+               //   so we'd iteratively union them all together.  (this was slow)
+               // But now mfogel/polygon-clipping handles these MultiPolygons like a boss.
+               // This approach also has the benefit of removing all the internal boaders and
+               //   simplifying the regional polygons a lot.
+
+               if (Array.isArray(props.members)) {
+                 var aggregate = aggregateFeature(id);
+                 aggregate.geometry.coordinates = _clip([aggregate], 'UNION').geometry.coordinates;
+                 _feature.geometry = aggregate.geometry;
+               } // Ensure `area` property exists
 
-       function osmChangeset() {
-           if (!(this instanceof osmChangeset)) {
-               return (new osmChangeset()).initialize(arguments);
-           } else if (arguments.length) {
-               this.initialize(arguments);
-           }
-       }
 
+               if (!props.area) {
+                 var _area = geojsonArea.geometry(_feature.geometry) / 1e6; // m² to km²
 
-       osmEntity.changeset = osmChangeset;
 
-       osmChangeset.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);
+                 props.area = Number(_area.toFixed(2));
+               } // Ensure `id` property exists
 
-       Object.assign(osmChangeset.prototype, {
 
-           type: 'changeset',
+               _feature.id = id;
+               props.id = id;
+               this._cache[id] = _feature;
+               return Object.assign(valid, {
+                 feature: _feature
+               });
+             }
+
+             if (this._strict) {
+               throw new Error("resolveLocation:  Couldn't resolve location \"".concat(location, "\"."));
+             } else {
+               return null;
+             }
+           } // validateLocationSet
+           // `locationSet`  the locationSet to validate
+           //
+           // Pass a locationSet Object to validate like:
+           //   {
+           //     include: [ Array of locations ],
+           //     exclude: [ Array of locations ]
+           //   }
+           //
+           // Returns a result like:
+           //   {
+           //     type:         'locationset'
+           //     locationSet:  the queried locationSet
+           //     id:           the stable identifier for the feature
+           //   }
+           // or `null` if the locationSet is invalid
+           //
 
+         }, {
+           key: "validateLocationSet",
+           value: function validateLocationSet(locationSet) {
+             locationSet = locationSet || {};
+             var validator = this.validateLocation.bind(this);
+             var include = (locationSet.include || []).map(validator).filter(Boolean);
+             var exclude = (locationSet.exclude || []).map(validator).filter(Boolean);
+
+             if (!include.length) {
+               if (this._strict) {
+                 throw new Error("validateLocationSet:  LocationSet includes nothing.");
+               } else {
+                 // non-strict mode, replace an empty locationSet with one that includes "the world"
+                 locationSet.include = ['Q2'];
+                 include = [{
+                   type: 'countrycoder',
+                   location: 'Q2',
+                   id: 'Q2'
+                 }];
+               }
+             } // Generate stable identifier
 
-           extent: function() {
-               return new geoExtent();
-           },
 
+             include.sort(_sortLocations);
+             var id = '+[' + include.map(function (d) {
+               return d.id;
+             }).join(',') + ']';
 
-           geometry: function() {
-               return 'changeset';
-           },
+             if (exclude.length) {
+               exclude.sort(_sortLocations);
+               id += '-[' + exclude.map(function (d) {
+                 return d.id;
+               }).join(',') + ']';
+             }
 
+             return {
+               type: 'locationset',
+               locationSet: locationSet,
+               id: id
+             };
+           } // resolveLocationSet
+           // `locationSet`  the locationSet to resolve
+           //
+           // Pass a locationSet Object to validate like:
+           //   {
+           //     include: [ Array of locations ],
+           //     exclude: [ Array of locations ]
+           //   }
+           //
+           // Returns a result like:
+           //   {
+           //     type:         'locationset'
+           //     locationSet:  the queried locationSet
+           //     id:           the stable identifier for the feature
+           //     feature:      the resolved GeoJSON feature
+           //   }
+           // or `null` if the locationSet is invalid
+           //
 
-           asJXON: function() {
-               return {
-                   osm: {
-                       changeset: {
-                           tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function(k) {
-                               return { '@k': k, '@v': this.tags[k] };
-                           }, this),
-                           '@version': 0.6,
-                           '@generator': 'iD'
-                       }
-                   }
-               };
-           },
+         }, {
+           key: "resolveLocationSet",
+           value: function resolveLocationSet(locationSet) {
+             locationSet = locationSet || {};
+             var valid = this.validateLocationSet(locationSet);
+             if (!valid) return null;
+             var id = valid.id; // Return a result from cache if we can
 
+             if (this._cache[id]) {
+               return Object.assign(valid, {
+                 feature: this._cache[id]
+               });
+             }
 
-           // Generate [osmChange](http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/OsmChange)
-           // XML. Returns a string.
-           osmChangeJXON: function(changes) {
-               var changeset_id = this.id;
+             var resolver = this.resolveLocation.bind(this);
+             var includes = (locationSet.include || []).map(resolver).filter(Boolean);
+             var excludes = (locationSet.exclude || []).map(resolver).filter(Boolean); // Return quickly if it's a single included location..
 
-               function nest(x, order) {
-                   var groups = {};
-                   for (var i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
-                       var tagName = Object.keys(x[i])[0];
-                       if (!groups[tagName]) groups[tagName] = [];
-                       groups[tagName].push(x[i][tagName]);
-                   }
-                   var ordered = {};
-                   order.forEach(function(o) {
-                       if (groups[o]) ordered[o] = groups[o];
-                   });
-                   return ordered;
-               }
+             if (includes.length === 1 && excludes.length === 0) {
+               return Object.assign(valid, {
+                 feature: includes[0].feature
+               });
+             } // Calculate unions
 
 
-               // sort relations in a changeset by dependencies
-               function sort(changes) {
+             var includeGeoJSON = _clip(includes.map(function (d) {
+               return d.feature;
+             }), 'UNION');
 
-                   // find a referenced relation in the current changeset
-                   function resolve(item) {
-                       return relations.find(function(relation) {
-                           return item.keyAttributes.type === 'relation'
-                               && item.keyAttributes.ref === relation['@id'];
-                       });
-                   }
+             var excludeGeoJSON = _clip(excludes.map(function (d) {
+               return d.feature;
+             }), 'UNION'); // Calculate difference, update `area` and return result
 
-                   // a new item is an item that has not been already processed
-                   function isNew(item) {
-                       return !sorted[ item['@id'] ] && !processing.find(function(proc) {
-                           return proc['@id'] === item['@id'];
-                       });
-                   }
 
-                   var processing = [];
-                   var sorted = {};
-                   var relations = changes.relation;
+             var resultGeoJSON = excludeGeoJSON ? _clip([includeGeoJSON, excludeGeoJSON], 'DIFFERENCE') : includeGeoJSON;
+             var area = geojsonArea.geometry(resultGeoJSON.geometry) / 1e6; // m² to km²
 
-                   if (!relations) return changes;
+             resultGeoJSON.id = id;
+             resultGeoJSON.properties = {
+               id: id,
+               area: Number(area.toFixed(2))
+             };
+             this._cache[id] = resultGeoJSON;
+             return Object.assign(valid, {
+               feature: resultGeoJSON
+             });
+           } // strict
+           //
 
-                   for (var i = 0; i < relations.length; i++) {
-                       var relation = relations[i];
+         }, {
+           key: "strict",
+           value: function strict(val) {
+             if (val === undefined) {
+               // get
+               return this._strict;
+             } else {
+               // set
+               this._strict = val;
+               return this;
+             }
+           } // cache
+           // convenience method to access the internal cache
 
-                       // skip relation if already sorted
-                       if (!sorted[relation['@id']]) {
-                           processing.push(relation);
-                       }
+         }, {
+           key: "cache",
+           value: function cache() {
+             return this._cache;
+           } // stringify
+           // convenience method to prettyStringify the given object
 
-                       while (processing.length > 0) {
-                           var next = processing[0],
-                           deps = next.member.map(resolve).filter(Boolean).filter(isNew);
-                           if (deps.length === 0) {
-                               sorted[next['@id']] = next;
-                               processing.shift();
-                           } else {
-                               processing = deps.concat(processing);
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
+         }, {
+           key: "stringify",
+           value: function stringify(obj, options) {
+             return jsonStringifyPrettyCompact(obj, options);
+           }
+         }]);
+
+         return _default;
+       }(); // Wrap the mfogel/polygon-clipping library and return a GeoJSON feature.
+
+       function _clip(features, which) {
+         if (!Array.isArray(features) || !features.length) return null;
+         var fn = {
+           UNION: index.union,
+           DIFFERENCE: index.difference
+         }[which];
+         var args = features.map(function (feature) {
+           return feature.geometry.coordinates;
+         });
+         var coords = fn.apply(null, args);
+         return {
+           type: 'Feature',
+           properties: {},
+           geometry: {
+             type: whichType(coords),
+             coordinates: coords
+           }
+         }; // is this a Polygon or a MultiPolygon?
 
-                   changes.relation = Object.values(sorted);
-                   return changes;
-               }
+         function whichType(coords) {
+           var a = Array.isArray(coords);
+           var b = a && Array.isArray(coords[0]);
+           var c = b && Array.isArray(coords[0][0]);
+           var d = c && Array.isArray(coords[0][0][0]);
+           return d ? 'MultiPolygon' : 'Polygon';
+         }
+       }
 
-               function rep(entity) {
-                   return entity.asJXON(changeset_id);
-               }
+       function _cloneDeep(obj) {
+         return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj));
+       } // Sorting the location lists is ok because they end up unioned together.
+       // This sorting makes it possible to generate a deterministic id.
 
-               return {
-                   osmChange: {
-                       '@version': 0.6,
-                       '@generator': 'iD',
-                       'create': sort(nest(changes.created.map(rep), ['node', 'way', 'relation'])),
-                       'modify': nest(changes.modified.map(rep), ['node', 'way', 'relation']),
-                       'delete': Object.assign(nest(changes.deleted.map(rep), ['relation', 'way', 'node']), { '@if-unused': true })
-                   }
-               };
-           },
 
+       function _sortLocations(a, b) {
+         var rank = {
+           countrycoder: 1,
+           geojson: 2,
+           point: 3
+         };
+         var aRank = rank[a.type];
+         var bRank = rank[b.type];
+         return aRank > bRank ? 1 : aRank < bRank ? -1 : a.id.localeCompare(b.id);
+       }
 
-           asGeoJSON: function() {
-               return {};
-           }
+       var $$i = _export;
 
+       // `Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER` constant
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-number.max_safe_integer
+       $$i({ target: 'Number', stat: true }, {
+         MAX_SAFE_INTEGER: 0x1FFFFFFFFFFFFF
        });
 
-       function osmNote() {
-           if (!(this instanceof osmNote)) {
-               return (new osmNote()).initialize(arguments);
-           } else if (arguments.length) {
-               this.initialize(arguments);
-           }
-       }
+       var aesJs = {exports: {}};
 
+       (function (module, exports) {
+         (function (root) {
 
-       osmNote.id = function() {
-           return osmNote.id.next--;
-       };
+           function checkInt(value) {
+             return parseInt(value) === value;
+           }
 
+           function checkInts(arrayish) {
+             if (!checkInt(arrayish.length)) {
+               return false;
+             }
 
-       osmNote.id.next = -1;
+             for (var i = 0; i < arrayish.length; i++) {
+               if (!checkInt(arrayish[i]) || arrayish[i] < 0 || arrayish[i] > 255) {
+                 return false;
+               }
+             }
 
+             return true;
+           }
 
-       Object.assign(osmNote.prototype, {
+           function coerceArray(arg, copy) {
+             // ArrayBuffer view
+             if (arg.buffer && arg.name === 'Uint8Array') {
+               if (copy) {
+                 if (arg.slice) {
+                   arg = arg.slice();
+                 } else {
+                   arg = Array.prototype.slice.call(arg);
+                 }
+               }
 
-           type: 'note',
+               return arg;
+             } // It's an array; check it is a valid representation of a byte
 
-           initialize: function(sources) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < sources.length; ++i) {
-                   var source = sources[i];
-                   for (var prop in source) {
-                       if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, prop)) {
-                           if (source[prop] === undefined) {
-                               delete this[prop];
-                           } else {
-                               this[prop] = source[prop];
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
 
-               if (!this.id) {
-                   this.id = osmNote.id() + '';  // as string
+             if (Array.isArray(arg)) {
+               if (!checkInts(arg)) {
+                 throw new Error('Array contains invalid value: ' + arg);
                }
 
-               return this;
-           },
+               return new Uint8Array(arg);
+             } // Something else, but behaves like an array (maybe a Buffer? Arguments?)
 
-           extent: function() {
-               return new geoExtent(this.loc);
-           },
 
-           update: function(attrs) {
-               return osmNote(this, attrs); // {v: 1 + (this.v || 0)}
-           },
+             if (checkInt(arg.length) && checkInts(arg)) {
+               return new Uint8Array(arg);
+             }
 
-           isNew: function() {
-               return this.id < 0;
-           },
+             throw new Error('unsupported array-like object');
+           }
 
-           move: function(loc) {
-               return this.update({ loc: loc });
+           function createArray(length) {
+             return new Uint8Array(length);
            }
 
-       });
+           function copyArray(sourceArray, targetArray, targetStart, sourceStart, sourceEnd) {
+             if (sourceStart != null || sourceEnd != null) {
+               if (sourceArray.slice) {
+                 sourceArray = sourceArray.slice(sourceStart, sourceEnd);
+               } else {
+                 sourceArray = Array.prototype.slice.call(sourceArray, sourceStart, sourceEnd);
+               }
+             }
 
-       function osmRelation() {
-           if (!(this instanceof osmRelation)) {
-               return (new osmRelation()).initialize(arguments);
-           } else if (arguments.length) {
-               this.initialize(arguments);
+             targetArray.set(sourceArray, targetStart);
            }
-       }
-
 
-       osmEntity.relation = osmRelation;
+           var convertUtf8 = function () {
+             function toBytes(text) {
+               var result = [],
+                   i = 0;
+               text = encodeURI(text);
 
-       osmRelation.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);
+               while (i < text.length) {
+                 var c = text.charCodeAt(i++); // if it is a % sign, encode the following 2 bytes as a hex value
 
+                 if (c === 37) {
+                   result.push(parseInt(text.substr(i, 2), 16));
+                   i += 2; // otherwise, just the actual byte
+                 } else {
+                   result.push(c);
+                 }
+               }
 
-       osmRelation.creationOrder = function(a, b) {
-           var aId = parseInt(osmEntity.id.toOSM(a.id), 10);
-           var bId = parseInt(osmEntity.id.toOSM(b.id), 10);
+               return coerceArray(result);
+             }
 
-           if (aId < 0 || bId < 0) return aId - bId;
-           return bId - aId;
-       };
+             function fromBytes(bytes) {
+               var result = [],
+                   i = 0;
 
+               while (i < bytes.length) {
+                 var c = bytes[i];
 
-       Object.assign(osmRelation.prototype, {
-           type: 'relation',
-           members: [],
+                 if (c < 128) {
+                   result.push(String.fromCharCode(c));
+                   i++;
+                 } else if (c > 191 && c < 224) {
+                   result.push(String.fromCharCode((c & 0x1f) << 6 | bytes[i + 1] & 0x3f));
+                   i += 2;
+                 } else {
+                   result.push(String.fromCharCode((c & 0x0f) << 12 | (bytes[i + 1] & 0x3f) << 6 | bytes[i + 2] & 0x3f));
+                   i += 3;
+                 }
+               }
 
+               return result.join('');
+             }
 
-           copy: function(resolver, copies) {
-               if (copies[this.id]) return copies[this.id];
+             return {
+               toBytes: toBytes,
+               fromBytes: fromBytes
+             };
+           }();
 
-               var copy = osmEntity.prototype.copy.call(this, resolver, copies);
+           var convertHex = function () {
+             function toBytes(text) {
+               var result = [];
 
-               var members = this.members.map(function(member) {
-                   return Object.assign({}, member, { id: resolver.entity(member.id).copy(resolver, copies).id });
-               });
+               for (var i = 0; i < text.length; i += 2) {
+                 result.push(parseInt(text.substr(i, 2), 16));
+               }
 
-               copy = copy.update({members: members});
-               copies[this.id] = copy;
+               return result;
+             } // http://ixti.net/development/javascript/2011/11/11/base64-encodedecode-of-utf8-in-browser-with-js.html
 
-               return copy;
-           },
 
+             var Hex = '0123456789abcdef';
 
-           extent: function(resolver, memo) {
-               return resolver.transient(this, 'extent', function() {
-                   if (memo && memo[this.id]) return geoExtent();
-                   memo = memo || {};
-                   memo[this.id] = true;
+             function fromBytes(bytes) {
+               var result = [];
 
-                   var extent = geoExtent();
-                   for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-                       var member = resolver.hasEntity(this.members[i].id);
-                       if (member) {
-                           extent._extend(member.extent(resolver, memo));
-                       }
-                   }
-                   return extent;
-               });
-           },
+               for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
+                 var v = bytes[i];
+                 result.push(Hex[(v & 0xf0) >> 4] + Hex[v & 0x0f]);
+               }
 
+               return result.join('');
+             }
 
-           geometry: function(graph) {
-               return graph.transient(this, 'geometry', function() {
-                   return this.isMultipolygon() ? 'area' : 'relation';
-               });
-           },
+             return {
+               toBytes: toBytes,
+               fromBytes: fromBytes
+             };
+           }(); // Number of rounds by keysize
 
 
-           isDegenerate: function() {
-               return this.members.length === 0;
-           },
+           var numberOfRounds = {
+             16: 10,
+             24: 12,
+             32: 14
+           }; // Round constant words
 
+           var rcon = [0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36, 0x6c, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x4d, 0x9a, 0x2f, 0x5e, 0xbc, 0x63, 0xc6, 0x97, 0x35, 0x6a, 0xd4, 0xb3, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0xef, 0xc5, 0x91]; // S-box and Inverse S-box (S is for Substitution)
 
-           // Return an array of members, each extended with an 'index' property whose value
-           // is the member index.
-           indexedMembers: function() {
-               var result = new Array(this.members.length);
-               for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-                   result[i] = Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {index: i});
-               }
-               return result;
-           },
+           var S = [0x63, 0x7c, 0x77, 0x7b, 0xf2, 0x6b, 0x6f, 0xc5, 0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2b, 0xfe, 0xd7, 0xab, 0x76, 0xca, 0x82, 0xc9, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0x59, 0x47, 0xf0, 0xad, 0xd4, 0xa2, 0xaf, 0x9c, 0xa4, 0x72, 0xc0, 0xb7, 0xfd, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3f, 0xf7, 0xcc, 0x34, 0xa5, 0xe5, 0xf1, 0x71, 0xd8, 0x31, 0x15, 0x04, 0xc7, 0x23, 0xc3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9a, 0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xe2, 0xeb, 0x27, 0xb2, 0x75, 0x09, 0x83, 0x2c, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x6e, 0x5a, 0xa0, 0x52, 0x3b, 0xd6, 0xb3, 0x29, 0xe3, 0x2f, 0x84, 0x53, 0xd1, 0x00, 0xed, 0x20, 0xfc, 0xb1, 0x5b, 0x6a, 0xcb, 0xbe, 0x39, 0x4a, 0x4c, 0x58, 0xcf, 0xd0, 0xef, 0xaa, 0xfb, 0x43, 0x4d, 0x33, 0x85, 0x45, 0xf9, 0x02, 0x7f, 0x50, 0x3c, 0x9f, 0xa8, 0x51, 0xa3, 0x40, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x9d, 0x38, 0xf5, 0xbc, 0xb6, 0xda, 0x21, 0x10, 0xff, 0xf3, 0xd2, 0xcd, 0x0c, 0x13, 0xec, 0x5f, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17, 0xc4, 0xa7, 0x7e, 0x3d, 0x64, 0x5d, 0x19, 0x73, 0x60, 0x81, 0x4f, 0xdc, 0x22, 0x2a, 0x90, 0x88, 0x46, 0xee, 0xb8, 0x14, 0xde, 0x5e, 0x0b, 0xdb, 0xe0, 0x32, 0x3a, 0x0a, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5c, 0xc2, 0xd3, 0xac, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xe4, 0x79, 0xe7, 0xc8, 0x37, 0x6d, 0x8d, 0xd5, 0x4e, 0xa9, 0x6c, 0x56, 0xf4, 0xea, 0x65, 0x7a, 0xae, 0x08, 0xba, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2e, 0x1c, 0xa6, 0xb4, 0xc6, 0xe8, 0xdd, 0x74, 0x1f, 0x4b, 0xbd, 0x8b, 0x8a, 0x70, 0x3e, 0xb5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xf6, 0x0e, 0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xb9, 0x86, 0xc1, 0x1d, 0x9e, 0xe1, 0xf8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xd9, 0x8e, 0x94, 0x9b, 0x1e, 0x87, 0xe9, 0xce, 0x55, 0x28, 0xdf, 0x8c, 0xa1, 0x89, 0x0d, 0xbf, 0xe6, 0x42, 0x68, 0x41, 0x99, 0x2d, 0x0f, 0xb0, 0x54, 0xbb, 0x16];
+           var Si = [0x52, 0x09, 0x6a, 0xd5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xa5, 0x38, 0xbf, 0x40, 0xa3, 0x9e, 0x81, 0xf3, 0xd7, 0xfb, 0x7c, 0xe3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9b, 0x2f, 0xff, 0x87, 0x34, 0x8e, 0x43, 0x44, 0xc4, 0xde, 0xe9, 0xcb, 0x54, 0x7b, 0x94, 0x32, 0xa6, 0xc2, 0x23, 0x3d, 0xee, 0x4c, 0x95, 0x0b, 0x42, 0xfa, 0xc3, 0x4e, 0x08, 0x2e, 0xa1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xd9, 0x24, 0xb2, 0x76, 0x5b, 0xa2, 0x49, 0x6d, 0x8b, 0xd1, 0x25, 0x72, 0xf8, 0xf6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16, 0xd4, 0xa4, 0x5c, 0xcc, 0x5d, 0x65, 0xb6, 0x92, 0x6c, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xfd, 0xed, 0xb9, 0xda, 0x5e, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xa7, 0x8d, 0x9d, 0x84, 0x90, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x00, 0x8c, 0xbc, 0xd3, 0x0a, 0xf7, 0xe4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xb8, 0xb3, 0x45, 0x06, 0xd0, 0x2c, 0x1e, 0x8f, 0xca, 0x3f, 0x0f, 0x02, 0xc1, 0xaf, 0xbd, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8a, 0x6b, 0x3a, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41, 0x4f, 0x67, 0xdc, 0xea, 0x97, 0xf2, 0xcf, 0xce, 0xf0, 0xb4, 0xe6, 0x73, 0x96, 0xac, 0x74, 0x22, 0xe7, 0xad, 0x35, 0x85, 0xe2, 0xf9, 0x37, 0xe8, 0x1c, 0x75, 0xdf, 0x6e, 0x47, 0xf1, 0x1a, 0x71, 0x1d, 0x29, 0xc5, 0x89, 0x6f, 0xb7, 0x62, 0x0e, 0xaa, 0x18, 0xbe, 0x1b, 0xfc, 0x56, 0x3e, 0x4b, 0xc6, 0xd2, 0x79, 0x20, 0x9a, 0xdb, 0xc0, 0xfe, 0x78, 0xcd, 0x5a, 0xf4, 0x1f, 0xdd, 0xa8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07, 0xc7, 0x31, 0xb1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xec, 0x5f, 0x60, 0x51, 0x7f, 0xa9, 0x19, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x0d, 0x2d, 0xe5, 0x7a, 0x9f, 0x93, 0xc9, 0x9c, 0xef, 0xa0, 0xe0, 0x3b, 0x4d, 0xae, 0x2a, 0xf5, 0xb0, 0xc8, 0xeb, 0xbb, 0x3c, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61, 0x17, 0x2b, 0x04, 0x7e, 0xba, 0x77, 0xd6, 0x26, 0xe1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55, 0x21, 0x0c, 0x7d]; // Transformations for encryption
 
+           var T1 = [0xc66363a5, 0xf87c7c84, 0xee777799, 0xf67b7b8d, 0xfff2f20d, 0xd66b6bbd, 0xde6f6fb1, 0x91c5c554, 0x60303050, 0x02010103, 0xce6767a9, 0x562b2b7d, 0xe7fefe19, 0xb5d7d762, 0x4dababe6, 0xec76769a, 0x8fcaca45, 0x1f82829d, 0x89c9c940, 0xfa7d7d87, 0xeffafa15, 0xb25959eb, 0x8e4747c9, 0xfbf0f00b, 0x41adadec, 0xb3d4d467, 0x5fa2a2fd, 0x45afafea, 0x239c9cbf, 0x53a4a4f7, 0xe4727296, 0x9bc0c05b, 0x75b7b7c2, 0xe1fdfd1c, 0x3d9393ae, 0x4c26266a, 0x6c36365a, 0x7e3f3f41, 0xf5f7f702, 0x83cccc4f, 0x6834345c, 0x51a5a5f4, 0xd1e5e534, 0xf9f1f108, 0xe2717193, 0xabd8d873, 0x62313153, 0x2a15153f, 0x0804040c, 0x95c7c752, 0x46232365, 0x9dc3c35e, 0x30181828, 0x379696a1, 0x0a05050f, 0x2f9a9ab5, 0x0e070709, 0x24121236, 0x1b80809b, 0xdfe2e23d, 0xcdebeb26, 0x4e272769, 0x7fb2b2cd, 0xea75759f, 0x1209091b, 0x1d83839e, 0x582c2c74, 0x341a1a2e, 0x361b1b2d, 0xdc6e6eb2, 0xb45a5aee, 0x5ba0a0fb, 0xa45252f6, 0x763b3b4d, 0xb7d6d661, 0x7db3b3ce, 0x5229297b, 0xdde3e33e, 0x5e2f2f71, 0x13848497, 0xa65353f5, 0xb9d1d168, 0x00000000, 0xc1eded2c, 0x40202060, 0xe3fcfc1f, 0x79b1b1c8, 0xb65b5bed, 0xd46a6abe, 0x8dcbcb46, 0x67bebed9, 0x7239394b, 0x944a4ade, 0x984c4cd4, 0xb05858e8, 0x85cfcf4a, 0xbbd0d06b, 0xc5efef2a, 0x4faaaae5, 0xedfbfb16, 0x864343c5, 0x9a4d4dd7, 0x66333355, 0x11858594, 0x8a4545cf, 0xe9f9f910, 0x04020206, 0xfe7f7f81, 0xa05050f0, 0x783c3c44, 0x259f9fba, 0x4ba8a8e3, 0xa25151f3, 0x5da3a3fe, 0x804040c0, 0x058f8f8a, 0x3f9292ad, 0x219d9dbc, 0x70383848, 0xf1f5f504, 0x63bcbcdf, 0x77b6b6c1, 0xafdada75, 0x42212163, 0x20101030, 0xe5ffff1a, 0xfdf3f30e, 0xbfd2d26d, 0x81cdcd4c, 0x180c0c14, 0x26131335, 0xc3ecec2f, 0xbe5f5fe1, 0x359797a2, 0x884444cc, 0x2e171739, 0x93c4c457, 0x55a7a7f2, 0xfc7e7e82, 0x7a3d3d47, 0xc86464ac, 0xba5d5de7, 0x3219192b, 0xe6737395, 0xc06060a0, 0x19818198, 0x9e4f4fd1, 0xa3dcdc7f, 0x44222266, 0x542a2a7e, 0x3b9090ab, 0x0b888883, 0x8c4646ca, 0xc7eeee29, 0x6bb8b8d3, 0x2814143c, 0xa7dede79, 0xbc5e5ee2, 0x160b0b1d, 0xaddbdb76, 0xdbe0e03b, 0x64323256, 0x743a3a4e, 0x140a0a1e, 0x924949db, 0x0c06060a, 0x4824246c, 0xb85c5ce4, 0x9fc2c25d, 0xbdd3d36e, 0x43acacef, 0xc46262a6, 0x399191a8, 0x319595a4, 0xd3e4e437, 0xf279798b, 0xd5e7e732, 0x8bc8c843, 0x6e373759, 0xda6d6db7, 0x018d8d8c, 0xb1d5d564, 0x9c4e4ed2, 0x49a9a9e0, 0xd86c6cb4, 0xac5656fa, 0xf3f4f407, 0xcfeaea25, 0xca6565af, 0xf47a7a8e, 0x47aeaee9, 0x10080818, 0x6fbabad5, 0xf0787888, 0x4a25256f, 0x5c2e2e72, 0x381c1c24, 0x57a6a6f1, 0x73b4b4c7, 0x97c6c651, 0xcbe8e823, 0xa1dddd7c, 0xe874749c, 0x3e1f1f21, 0x964b4bdd, 0x61bdbddc, 0x0d8b8b86, 0x0f8a8a85, 0xe0707090, 0x7c3e3e42, 0x71b5b5c4, 0xcc6666aa, 0x904848d8, 0x06030305, 0xf7f6f601, 0x1c0e0e12, 0xc26161a3, 0x6a35355f, 0xae5757f9, 0x69b9b9d0, 0x17868691, 0x99c1c158, 0x3a1d1d27, 0x279e9eb9, 0xd9e1e138, 0xebf8f813, 0x2b9898b3, 0x22111133, 0xd26969bb, 0xa9d9d970, 0x078e8e89, 0x339494a7, 0x2d9b9bb6, 0x3c1e1e22, 0x15878792, 0xc9e9e920, 0x87cece49, 0xaa5555ff, 0x50282878, 0xa5dfdf7a, 0x038c8c8f, 0x59a1a1f8, 0x09898980, 0x1a0d0d17, 0x65bfbfda, 0xd7e6e631, 0x844242c6, 0xd06868b8, 0x824141c3, 0x299999b0, 0x5a2d2d77, 0x1e0f0f11, 0x7bb0b0cb, 0xa85454fc, 0x6dbbbbd6, 0x2c16163a];
+           var T2 = [0xa5c66363, 0x84f87c7c, 0x99ee7777, 0x8df67b7b, 0x0dfff2f2, 0xbdd66b6b, 0xb1de6f6f, 0x5491c5c5, 0x50603030, 0x03020101, 0xa9ce6767, 0x7d562b2b, 0x19e7fefe, 0x62b5d7d7, 0xe64dabab, 0x9aec7676, 0x458fcaca, 0x9d1f8282, 0x4089c9c9, 0x87fa7d7d, 0x15effafa, 0xebb25959, 0xc98e4747, 0x0bfbf0f0, 0xec41adad, 0x67b3d4d4, 0xfd5fa2a2, 0xea45afaf, 0xbf239c9c, 0xf753a4a4, 0x96e47272, 0x5b9bc0c0, 0xc275b7b7, 0x1ce1fdfd, 0xae3d9393, 0x6a4c2626, 0x5a6c3636, 0x417e3f3f, 0x02f5f7f7, 0x4f83cccc, 0x5c683434, 0xf451a5a5, 0x34d1e5e5, 0x08f9f1f1, 0x93e27171, 0x73abd8d8, 0x53623131, 0x3f2a1515, 0x0c080404, 0x5295c7c7, 0x65462323, 0x5e9dc3c3, 0x28301818, 0xa1379696, 0x0f0a0505, 0xb52f9a9a, 0x090e0707, 0x36241212, 0x9b1b8080, 0x3ddfe2e2, 0x26cdebeb, 0x694e2727, 0xcd7fb2b2, 0x9fea7575, 0x1b120909, 0x9e1d8383, 0x74582c2c, 0x2e341a1a, 0x2d361b1b, 0xb2dc6e6e, 0xeeb45a5a, 0xfb5ba0a0, 0xf6a45252, 0x4d763b3b, 0x61b7d6d6, 0xce7db3b3, 0x7b522929, 0x3edde3e3, 0x715e2f2f, 0x97138484, 0xf5a65353, 0x68b9d1d1, 0x00000000, 0x2cc1eded, 0x60402020, 0x1fe3fcfc, 0xc879b1b1, 0xedb65b5b, 0xbed46a6a, 0x468dcbcb, 0xd967bebe, 0x4b723939, 0xde944a4a, 0xd4984c4c, 0xe8b05858, 0x4a85cfcf, 0x6bbbd0d0, 0x2ac5efef, 0xe54faaaa, 0x16edfbfb, 0xc5864343, 0xd79a4d4d, 0x55663333, 0x94118585, 0xcf8a4545, 0x10e9f9f9, 0x06040202, 0x81fe7f7f, 0xf0a05050, 0x44783c3c, 0xba259f9f, 0xe34ba8a8, 0xf3a25151, 0xfe5da3a3, 0xc0804040, 0x8a058f8f, 0xad3f9292, 0xbc219d9d, 0x48703838, 0x04f1f5f5, 0xdf63bcbc, 0xc177b6b6, 0x75afdada, 0x63422121, 0x30201010, 0x1ae5ffff, 0x0efdf3f3, 0x6dbfd2d2, 0x4c81cdcd, 0x14180c0c, 0x35261313, 0x2fc3ecec, 0xe1be5f5f, 0xa2359797, 0xcc884444, 0x392e1717, 0x5793c4c4, 0xf255a7a7, 0x82fc7e7e, 0x477a3d3d, 0xacc86464, 0xe7ba5d5d, 0x2b321919, 0x95e67373, 0xa0c06060, 0x98198181, 0xd19e4f4f, 0x7fa3dcdc, 0x66442222, 0x7e542a2a, 0xab3b9090, 0x830b8888, 0xca8c4646, 0x29c7eeee, 0xd36bb8b8, 0x3c281414, 0x79a7dede, 0xe2bc5e5e, 0x1d160b0b, 0x76addbdb, 0x3bdbe0e0, 0x56643232, 0x4e743a3a, 0x1e140a0a, 0xdb924949, 0x0a0c0606, 0x6c482424, 0xe4b85c5c, 0x5d9fc2c2, 0x6ebdd3d3, 0xef43acac, 0xa6c46262, 0xa8399191, 0xa4319595, 0x37d3e4e4, 0x8bf27979, 0x32d5e7e7, 0x438bc8c8, 0x596e3737, 0xb7da6d6d, 0x8c018d8d, 0x64b1d5d5, 0xd29c4e4e, 0xe049a9a9, 0xb4d86c6c, 0xfaac5656, 0x07f3f4f4, 0x25cfeaea, 0xafca6565, 0x8ef47a7a, 0xe947aeae, 0x18100808, 0xd56fbaba, 0x88f07878, 0x6f4a2525, 0x725c2e2e, 0x24381c1c, 0xf157a6a6, 0xc773b4b4, 0x5197c6c6, 0x23cbe8e8, 0x7ca1dddd, 0x9ce87474, 0x213e1f1f, 0xdd964b4b, 0xdc61bdbd, 0x860d8b8b, 0x850f8a8a, 0x90e07070, 0x427c3e3e, 0xc471b5b5, 0xaacc6666, 0xd8904848, 0x05060303, 0x01f7f6f6, 0x121c0e0e, 0xa3c26161, 0x5f6a3535, 0xf9ae5757, 0xd069b9b9, 0x91178686, 0x5899c1c1, 0x273a1d1d, 0xb9279e9e, 0x38d9e1e1, 0x13ebf8f8, 0xb32b9898, 0x33221111, 0xbbd26969, 0x70a9d9d9, 0x89078e8e, 0xa7339494, 0xb62d9b9b, 0x223c1e1e, 0x92158787, 0x20c9e9e9, 0x4987cece, 0xffaa5555, 0x78502828, 0x7aa5dfdf, 0x8f038c8c, 0xf859a1a1, 0x80098989, 0x171a0d0d, 0xda65bfbf, 0x31d7e6e6, 0xc6844242, 0xb8d06868, 0xc3824141, 0xb0299999, 0x775a2d2d, 0x111e0f0f, 0xcb7bb0b0, 0xfca85454, 0xd66dbbbb, 0x3a2c1616];
+           var T3 = [0x63a5c663, 0x7c84f87c, 0x7799ee77, 0x7b8df67b, 0xf20dfff2, 0x6bbdd66b, 0x6fb1de6f, 0xc55491c5, 0x30506030, 0x01030201, 0x67a9ce67, 0x2b7d562b, 0xfe19e7fe, 0xd762b5d7, 0xabe64dab, 0x769aec76, 0xca458fca, 0x829d1f82, 0xc94089c9, 0x7d87fa7d, 0xfa15effa, 0x59ebb259, 0x47c98e47, 0xf00bfbf0, 0xadec41ad, 0xd467b3d4, 0xa2fd5fa2, 0xafea45af, 0x9cbf239c, 0xa4f753a4, 0x7296e472, 0xc05b9bc0, 0xb7c275b7, 0xfd1ce1fd, 0x93ae3d93, 0x266a4c26, 0x365a6c36, 0x3f417e3f, 0xf702f5f7, 0xcc4f83cc, 0x345c6834, 0xa5f451a5, 0xe534d1e5, 0xf108f9f1, 0x7193e271, 0xd873abd8, 0x31536231, 0x153f2a15, 0x040c0804, 0xc75295c7, 0x23654623, 0xc35e9dc3, 0x18283018, 0x96a13796, 0x050f0a05, 0x9ab52f9a, 0x07090e07, 0x12362412, 0x809b1b80, 0xe23ddfe2, 0xeb26cdeb, 0x27694e27, 0xb2cd7fb2, 0x759fea75, 0x091b1209, 0x839e1d83, 0x2c74582c, 0x1a2e341a, 0x1b2d361b, 0x6eb2dc6e, 0x5aeeb45a, 0xa0fb5ba0, 0x52f6a452, 0x3b4d763b, 0xd661b7d6, 0xb3ce7db3, 0x297b5229, 0xe33edde3, 0x2f715e2f, 0x84971384, 0x53f5a653, 0xd168b9d1, 0x00000000, 0xed2cc1ed, 0x20604020, 0xfc1fe3fc, 0xb1c879b1, 0x5bedb65b, 0x6abed46a, 0xcb468dcb, 0xbed967be, 0x394b7239, 0x4ade944a, 0x4cd4984c, 0x58e8b058, 0xcf4a85cf, 0xd06bbbd0, 0xef2ac5ef, 0xaae54faa, 0xfb16edfb, 0x43c58643, 0x4dd79a4d, 0x33556633, 0x85941185, 0x45cf8a45, 0xf910e9f9, 0x02060402, 0x7f81fe7f, 0x50f0a050, 0x3c44783c, 0x9fba259f, 0xa8e34ba8, 0x51f3a251, 0xa3fe5da3, 0x40c08040, 0x8f8a058f, 0x92ad3f92, 0x9dbc219d, 0x38487038, 0xf504f1f5, 0xbcdf63bc, 0xb6c177b6, 0xda75afda, 0x21634221, 0x10302010, 0xff1ae5ff, 0xf30efdf3, 0xd26dbfd2, 0xcd4c81cd, 0x0c14180c, 0x13352613, 0xec2fc3ec, 0x5fe1be5f, 0x97a23597, 0x44cc8844, 0x17392e17, 0xc45793c4, 0xa7f255a7, 0x7e82fc7e, 0x3d477a3d, 0x64acc864, 0x5de7ba5d, 0x192b3219, 0x7395e673, 0x60a0c060, 0x81981981, 0x4fd19e4f, 0xdc7fa3dc, 0x22664422, 0x2a7e542a, 0x90ab3b90, 0x88830b88, 0x46ca8c46, 0xee29c7ee, 0xb8d36bb8, 0x143c2814, 0xde79a7de, 0x5ee2bc5e, 0x0b1d160b, 0xdb76addb, 0xe03bdbe0, 0x32566432, 0x3a4e743a, 0x0a1e140a, 0x49db9249, 0x060a0c06, 0x246c4824, 0x5ce4b85c, 0xc25d9fc2, 0xd36ebdd3, 0xacef43ac, 0x62a6c462, 0x91a83991, 0x95a43195, 0xe437d3e4, 0x798bf279, 0xe732d5e7, 0xc8438bc8, 0x37596e37, 0x6db7da6d, 0x8d8c018d, 0xd564b1d5, 0x4ed29c4e, 0xa9e049a9, 0x6cb4d86c, 0x56faac56, 0xf407f3f4, 0xea25cfea, 0x65afca65, 0x7a8ef47a, 0xaee947ae, 0x08181008, 0xbad56fba, 0x7888f078, 0x256f4a25, 0x2e725c2e, 0x1c24381c, 0xa6f157a6, 0xb4c773b4, 0xc65197c6, 0xe823cbe8, 0xdd7ca1dd, 0x749ce874, 0x1f213e1f, 0x4bdd964b, 0xbddc61bd, 0x8b860d8b, 0x8a850f8a, 0x7090e070, 0x3e427c3e, 0xb5c471b5, 0x66aacc66, 0x48d89048, 0x03050603, 0xf601f7f6, 0x0e121c0e, 0x61a3c261, 0x355f6a35, 0x57f9ae57, 0xb9d069b9, 0x86911786, 0xc15899c1, 0x1d273a1d, 0x9eb9279e, 0xe138d9e1, 0xf813ebf8, 0x98b32b98, 0x11332211, 0x69bbd269, 0xd970a9d9, 0x8e89078e, 0x94a73394, 0x9bb62d9b, 0x1e223c1e, 0x87921587, 0xe920c9e9, 0xce4987ce, 0x55ffaa55, 0x28785028, 0xdf7aa5df, 0x8c8f038c, 0xa1f859a1, 0x89800989, 0x0d171a0d, 0xbfda65bf, 0xe631d7e6, 0x42c68442, 0x68b8d068, 0x41c38241, 0x99b02999, 0x2d775a2d, 0x0f111e0f, 0xb0cb7bb0, 0x54fca854, 0xbbd66dbb, 0x163a2c16];
+           var T4 = [0x6363a5c6, 0x7c7c84f8, 0x777799ee, 0x7b7b8df6, 0xf2f20dff, 0x6b6bbdd6, 0x6f6fb1de, 0xc5c55491, 0x30305060, 0x01010302, 0x6767a9ce, 0x2b2b7d56, 0xfefe19e7, 0xd7d762b5, 0xababe64d, 0x76769aec, 0xcaca458f, 0x82829d1f, 0xc9c94089, 0x7d7d87fa, 0xfafa15ef, 0x5959ebb2, 0x4747c98e, 0xf0f00bfb, 0xadadec41, 0xd4d467b3, 0xa2a2fd5f, 0xafafea45, 0x9c9cbf23, 0xa4a4f753, 0x727296e4, 0xc0c05b9b, 0xb7b7c275, 0xfdfd1ce1, 0x9393ae3d, 0x26266a4c, 0x36365a6c, 0x3f3f417e, 0xf7f702f5, 0xcccc4f83, 0x34345c68, 0xa5a5f451, 0xe5e534d1, 0xf1f108f9, 0x717193e2, 0xd8d873ab, 0x31315362, 0x15153f2a, 0x04040c08, 0xc7c75295, 0x23236546, 0xc3c35e9d, 0x18182830, 0x9696a137, 0x05050f0a, 0x9a9ab52f, 0x0707090e, 0x12123624, 0x80809b1b, 0xe2e23ddf, 0xebeb26cd, 0x2727694e, 0xb2b2cd7f, 0x75759fea, 0x09091b12, 0x83839e1d, 0x2c2c7458, 0x1a1a2e34, 0x1b1b2d36, 0x6e6eb2dc, 0x5a5aeeb4, 0xa0a0fb5b, 0x5252f6a4, 0x3b3b4d76, 0xd6d661b7, 0xb3b3ce7d, 0x29297b52, 0xe3e33edd, 0x2f2f715e, 0x84849713, 0x5353f5a6, 0xd1d168b9, 0x00000000, 0xeded2cc1, 0x20206040, 0xfcfc1fe3, 0xb1b1c879, 0x5b5bedb6, 0x6a6abed4, 0xcbcb468d, 0xbebed967, 0x39394b72, 0x4a4ade94, 0x4c4cd498, 0x5858e8b0, 0xcfcf4a85, 0xd0d06bbb, 0xefef2ac5, 0xaaaae54f, 0xfbfb16ed, 0x4343c586, 0x4d4dd79a, 0x33335566, 0x85859411, 0x4545cf8a, 0xf9f910e9, 0x02020604, 0x7f7f81fe, 0x5050f0a0, 0x3c3c4478, 0x9f9fba25, 0xa8a8e34b, 0x5151f3a2, 0xa3a3fe5d, 0x4040c080, 0x8f8f8a05, 0x9292ad3f, 0x9d9dbc21, 0x38384870, 0xf5f504f1, 0xbcbcdf63, 0xb6b6c177, 0xdada75af, 0x21216342, 0x10103020, 0xffff1ae5, 0xf3f30efd, 0xd2d26dbf, 0xcdcd4c81, 0x0c0c1418, 0x13133526, 0xecec2fc3, 0x5f5fe1be, 0x9797a235, 0x4444cc88, 0x1717392e, 0xc4c45793, 0xa7a7f255, 0x7e7e82fc, 0x3d3d477a, 0x6464acc8, 0x5d5de7ba, 0x19192b32, 0x737395e6, 0x6060a0c0, 0x81819819, 0x4f4fd19e, 0xdcdc7fa3, 0x22226644, 0x2a2a7e54, 0x9090ab3b, 0x8888830b, 0x4646ca8c, 0xeeee29c7, 0xb8b8d36b, 0x14143c28, 0xdede79a7, 0x5e5ee2bc, 0x0b0b1d16, 0xdbdb76ad, 0xe0e03bdb, 0x32325664, 0x3a3a4e74, 0x0a0a1e14, 0x4949db92, 0x06060a0c, 0x24246c48, 0x5c5ce4b8, 0xc2c25d9f, 0xd3d36ebd, 0xacacef43, 0x6262a6c4, 0x9191a839, 0x9595a431, 0xe4e437d3, 0x79798bf2, 0xe7e732d5, 0xc8c8438b, 0x3737596e, 0x6d6db7da, 0x8d8d8c01, 0xd5d564b1, 0x4e4ed29c, 0xa9a9e049, 0x6c6cb4d8, 0x5656faac, 0xf4f407f3, 0xeaea25cf, 0x6565afca, 0x7a7a8ef4, 0xaeaee947, 0x08081810, 0xbabad56f, 0x787888f0, 0x25256f4a, 0x2e2e725c, 0x1c1c2438, 0xa6a6f157, 0xb4b4c773, 0xc6c65197, 0xe8e823cb, 0xdddd7ca1, 0x74749ce8, 0x1f1f213e, 0x4b4bdd96, 0xbdbddc61, 0x8b8b860d, 0x8a8a850f, 0x707090e0, 0x3e3e427c, 0xb5b5c471, 0x6666aacc, 0x4848d890, 0x03030506, 0xf6f601f7, 0x0e0e121c, 0x6161a3c2, 0x35355f6a, 0x5757f9ae, 0xb9b9d069, 0x86869117, 0xc1c15899, 0x1d1d273a, 0x9e9eb927, 0xe1e138d9, 0xf8f813eb, 0x9898b32b, 0x11113322, 0x6969bbd2, 0xd9d970a9, 0x8e8e8907, 0x9494a733, 0x9b9bb62d, 0x1e1e223c, 0x87879215, 0xe9e920c9, 0xcece4987, 0x5555ffaa, 0x28287850, 0xdfdf7aa5, 0x8c8c8f03, 0xa1a1f859, 0x89898009, 0x0d0d171a, 0xbfbfda65, 0xe6e631d7, 0x4242c684, 0x6868b8d0, 0x4141c382, 0x9999b029, 0x2d2d775a, 0x0f0f111e, 0xb0b0cb7b, 0x5454fca8, 0xbbbbd66d, 0x16163a2c]; // Transformations for decryption
 
-           // Return the first member with the given role. A copy of the member object
-           // is returned, extended with an 'index' property whose value is the member index.
-           memberByRole: function(role) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-                   if (this.members[i].role === role) {
-                       return Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {index: i});
-                   }
-               }
-           },
+           var T5 = [0x51f4a750, 0x7e416553, 0x1a17a4c3, 0x3a275e96, 0x3bab6bcb, 0x1f9d45f1, 0xacfa58ab, 0x4be30393, 0x2030fa55, 0xad766df6, 0x88cc7691, 0xf5024c25, 0x4fe5d7fc, 0xc52acbd7, 0x26354480, 0xb562a38f, 0xdeb15a49, 0x25ba1b67, 0x45ea0e98, 0x5dfec0e1, 0xc32f7502, 0x814cf012, 0x8d4697a3, 0x6bd3f9c6, 0x038f5fe7, 0x15929c95, 0xbf6d7aeb, 0x955259da, 0xd4be832d, 0x587421d3, 0x49e06929, 0x8ec9c844, 0x75c2896a, 0xf48e7978, 0x99583e6b, 0x27b971dd, 0xbee14fb6, 0xf088ad17, 0xc920ac66, 0x7dce3ab4, 0x63df4a18, 0xe51a3182, 0x97513360, 0x62537f45, 0xb16477e0, 0xbb6bae84, 0xfe81a01c, 0xf9082b94, 0x70486858, 0x8f45fd19, 0x94de6c87, 0x527bf8b7, 0xab73d323, 0x724b02e2, 0xe31f8f57, 0x6655ab2a, 0xb2eb2807, 0x2fb5c203, 0x86c57b9a, 0xd33708a5, 0x302887f2, 0x23bfa5b2, 0x02036aba, 0xed16825c, 0x8acf1c2b, 0xa779b492, 0xf307f2f0, 0x4e69e2a1, 0x65daf4cd, 0x0605bed5, 0xd134621f, 0xc4a6fe8a, 0x342e539d, 0xa2f355a0, 0x058ae132, 0xa4f6eb75, 0x0b83ec39, 0x4060efaa, 0x5e719f06, 0xbd6e1051, 0x3e218af9, 0x96dd063d, 0xdd3e05ae, 0x4de6bd46, 0x91548db5, 0x71c45d05, 0x0406d46f, 0x605015ff, 0x1998fb24, 0xd6bde997, 0x894043cc, 0x67d99e77, 0xb0e842bd, 0x07898b88, 0xe7195b38, 0x79c8eedb, 0xa17c0a47, 0x7c420fe9, 0xf8841ec9, 0x00000000, 0x09808683, 0x322bed48, 0x1e1170ac, 0x6c5a724e, 0xfd0efffb, 0x0f853856, 0x3daed51e, 0x362d3927, 0x0a0fd964, 0x685ca621, 0x9b5b54d1, 0x24362e3a, 0x0c0a67b1, 0x9357e70f, 0xb4ee96d2, 0x1b9b919e, 0x80c0c54f, 0x61dc20a2, 0x5a774b69, 0x1c121a16, 0xe293ba0a, 0xc0a02ae5, 0x3c22e043, 0x121b171d, 0x0e090d0b, 0xf28bc7ad, 0x2db6a8b9, 0x141ea9c8, 0x57f11985, 0xaf75074c, 0xee99ddbb, 0xa37f60fd, 0xf701269f, 0x5c72f5bc, 0x44663bc5, 0x5bfb7e34, 0x8b432976, 0xcb23c6dc, 0xb6edfc68, 0xb8e4f163, 0xd731dcca, 0x42638510, 0x13972240, 0x84c61120, 0x854a247d, 0xd2bb3df8, 0xaef93211, 0xc729a16d, 0x1d9e2f4b, 0xdcb230f3, 0x0d8652ec, 0x77c1e3d0, 0x2bb3166c, 0xa970b999, 0x119448fa, 0x47e96422, 0xa8fc8cc4, 0xa0f03f1a, 0x567d2cd8, 0x223390ef, 0x87494ec7, 0xd938d1c1, 0x8ccaa2fe, 0x98d40b36, 0xa6f581cf, 0xa57ade28, 0xdab78e26, 0x3fadbfa4, 0x2c3a9de4, 0x5078920d, 0x6a5fcc9b, 0x547e4662, 0xf68d13c2, 0x90d8b8e8, 0x2e39f75e, 0x82c3aff5, 0x9f5d80be, 0x69d0937c, 0x6fd52da9, 0xcf2512b3, 0xc8ac993b, 0x10187da7, 0xe89c636e, 0xdb3bbb7b, 0xcd267809, 0x6e5918f4, 0xec9ab701, 0x834f9aa8, 0xe6956e65, 0xaaffe67e, 0x21bccf08, 0xef15e8e6, 0xbae79bd9, 0x4a6f36ce, 0xea9f09d4, 0x29b07cd6, 0x31a4b2af, 0x2a3f2331, 0xc6a59430, 0x35a266c0, 0x744ebc37, 0xfc82caa6, 0xe090d0b0, 0x33a7d815, 0xf104984a, 0x41ecdaf7, 0x7fcd500e, 0x1791f62f, 0x764dd68d, 0x43efb04d, 0xccaa4d54, 0xe49604df, 0x9ed1b5e3, 0x4c6a881b, 0xc12c1fb8, 0x4665517f, 0x9d5eea04, 0x018c355d, 0xfa877473, 0xfb0b412e, 0xb3671d5a, 0x92dbd252, 0xe9105633, 0x6dd64713, 0x9ad7618c, 0x37a10c7a, 0x59f8148e, 0xeb133c89, 0xcea927ee, 0xb761c935, 0xe11ce5ed, 0x7a47b13c, 0x9cd2df59, 0x55f2733f, 0x1814ce79, 0x73c737bf, 0x53f7cdea, 0x5ffdaa5b, 0xdf3d6f14, 0x7844db86, 0xcaaff381, 0xb968c43e, 0x3824342c, 0xc2a3405f, 0x161dc372, 0xbce2250c, 0x283c498b, 0xff0d9541, 0x39a80171, 0x080cb3de, 0xd8b4e49c, 0x6456c190, 0x7bcb8461, 0xd532b670, 0x486c5c74, 0xd0b85742];
+           var T6 = [0x5051f4a7, 0x537e4165, 0xc31a17a4, 0x963a275e, 0xcb3bab6b, 0xf11f9d45, 0xabacfa58, 0x934be303, 0x552030fa, 0xf6ad766d, 0x9188cc76, 0x25f5024c, 0xfc4fe5d7, 0xd7c52acb, 0x80263544, 0x8fb562a3, 0x49deb15a, 0x6725ba1b, 0x9845ea0e, 0xe15dfec0, 0x02c32f75, 0x12814cf0, 0xa38d4697, 0xc66bd3f9, 0xe7038f5f, 0x9515929c, 0xebbf6d7a, 0xda955259, 0x2dd4be83, 0xd3587421, 0x2949e069, 0x448ec9c8, 0x6a75c289, 0x78f48e79, 0x6b99583e, 0xdd27b971, 0xb6bee14f, 0x17f088ad, 0x66c920ac, 0xb47dce3a, 0x1863df4a, 0x82e51a31, 0x60975133, 0x4562537f, 0xe0b16477, 0x84bb6bae, 0x1cfe81a0, 0x94f9082b, 0x58704868, 0x198f45fd, 0x8794de6c, 0xb7527bf8, 0x23ab73d3, 0xe2724b02, 0x57e31f8f, 0x2a6655ab, 0x07b2eb28, 0x032fb5c2, 0x9a86c57b, 0xa5d33708, 0xf2302887, 0xb223bfa5, 0xba02036a, 0x5ced1682, 0x2b8acf1c, 0x92a779b4, 0xf0f307f2, 0xa14e69e2, 0xcd65daf4, 0xd50605be, 0x1fd13462, 0x8ac4a6fe, 0x9d342e53, 0xa0a2f355, 0x32058ae1, 0x75a4f6eb, 0x390b83ec, 0xaa4060ef, 0x065e719f, 0x51bd6e10, 0xf93e218a, 0x3d96dd06, 0xaedd3e05, 0x464de6bd, 0xb591548d, 0x0571c45d, 0x6f0406d4, 0xff605015, 0x241998fb, 0x97d6bde9, 0xcc894043, 0x7767d99e, 0xbdb0e842, 0x8807898b, 0x38e7195b, 0xdb79c8ee, 0x47a17c0a, 0xe97c420f, 0xc9f8841e, 0x00000000, 0x83098086, 0x48322bed, 0xac1e1170, 0x4e6c5a72, 0xfbfd0eff, 0x560f8538, 0x1e3daed5, 0x27362d39, 0x640a0fd9, 0x21685ca6, 0xd19b5b54, 0x3a24362e, 0xb10c0a67, 0x0f9357e7, 0xd2b4ee96, 0x9e1b9b91, 0x4f80c0c5, 0xa261dc20, 0x695a774b, 0x161c121a, 0x0ae293ba, 0xe5c0a02a, 0x433c22e0, 0x1d121b17, 0x0b0e090d, 0xadf28bc7, 0xb92db6a8, 0xc8141ea9, 0x8557f119, 0x4caf7507, 0xbbee99dd, 0xfda37f60, 0x9ff70126, 0xbc5c72f5, 0xc544663b, 0x345bfb7e, 0x768b4329, 0xdccb23c6, 0x68b6edfc, 0x63b8e4f1, 0xcad731dc, 0x10426385, 0x40139722, 0x2084c611, 0x7d854a24, 0xf8d2bb3d, 0x11aef932, 0x6dc729a1, 0x4b1d9e2f, 0xf3dcb230, 0xec0d8652, 0xd077c1e3, 0x6c2bb316, 0x99a970b9, 0xfa119448, 0x2247e964, 0xc4a8fc8c, 0x1aa0f03f, 0xd8567d2c, 0xef223390, 0xc787494e, 0xc1d938d1, 0xfe8ccaa2, 0x3698d40b, 0xcfa6f581, 0x28a57ade, 0x26dab78e, 0xa43fadbf, 0xe42c3a9d, 0x0d507892, 0x9b6a5fcc, 0x62547e46, 0xc2f68d13, 0xe890d8b8, 0x5e2e39f7, 0xf582c3af, 0xbe9f5d80, 0x7c69d093, 0xa96fd52d, 0xb3cf2512, 0x3bc8ac99, 0xa710187d, 0x6ee89c63, 0x7bdb3bbb, 0x09cd2678, 0xf46e5918, 0x01ec9ab7, 0xa8834f9a, 0x65e6956e, 0x7eaaffe6, 0x0821bccf, 0xe6ef15e8, 0xd9bae79b, 0xce4a6f36, 0xd4ea9f09, 0xd629b07c, 0xaf31a4b2, 0x312a3f23, 0x30c6a594, 0xc035a266, 0x37744ebc, 0xa6fc82ca, 0xb0e090d0, 0x1533a7d8, 0x4af10498, 0xf741ecda, 0x0e7fcd50, 0x2f1791f6, 0x8d764dd6, 0x4d43efb0, 0x54ccaa4d, 0xdfe49604, 0xe39ed1b5, 0x1b4c6a88, 0xb8c12c1f, 0x7f466551, 0x049d5eea, 0x5d018c35, 0x73fa8774, 0x2efb0b41, 0x5ab3671d, 0x5292dbd2, 0x33e91056, 0x136dd647, 0x8c9ad761, 0x7a37a10c, 0x8e59f814, 0x89eb133c, 0xeecea927, 0x35b761c9, 0xede11ce5, 0x3c7a47b1, 0x599cd2df, 0x3f55f273, 0x791814ce, 0xbf73c737, 0xea53f7cd, 0x5b5ffdaa, 0x14df3d6f, 0x867844db, 0x81caaff3, 0x3eb968c4, 0x2c382434, 0x5fc2a340, 0x72161dc3, 0x0cbce225, 0x8b283c49, 0x41ff0d95, 0x7139a801, 0xde080cb3, 0x9cd8b4e4, 0x906456c1, 0x617bcb84, 0x70d532b6, 0x74486c5c, 0x42d0b857];
+           var T7 = [0xa75051f4, 0x65537e41, 0xa4c31a17, 0x5e963a27, 0x6bcb3bab, 0x45f11f9d, 0x58abacfa, 0x03934be3, 0xfa552030, 0x6df6ad76, 0x769188cc, 0x4c25f502, 0xd7fc4fe5, 0xcbd7c52a, 0x44802635, 0xa38fb562, 0x5a49deb1, 0x1b6725ba, 0x0e9845ea, 0xc0e15dfe, 0x7502c32f, 0xf012814c, 0x97a38d46, 0xf9c66bd3, 0x5fe7038f, 0x9c951592, 0x7aebbf6d, 0x59da9552, 0x832dd4be, 0x21d35874, 0x692949e0, 0xc8448ec9, 0x896a75c2, 0x7978f48e, 0x3e6b9958, 0x71dd27b9, 0x4fb6bee1, 0xad17f088, 0xac66c920, 0x3ab47dce, 0x4a1863df, 0x3182e51a, 0x33609751, 0x7f456253, 0x77e0b164, 0xae84bb6b, 0xa01cfe81, 0x2b94f908, 0x68587048, 0xfd198f45, 0x6c8794de, 0xf8b7527b, 0xd323ab73, 0x02e2724b, 0x8f57e31f, 0xab2a6655, 0x2807b2eb, 0xc2032fb5, 0x7b9a86c5, 0x08a5d337, 0x87f23028, 0xa5b223bf, 0x6aba0203, 0x825ced16, 0x1c2b8acf, 0xb492a779, 0xf2f0f307, 0xe2a14e69, 0xf4cd65da, 0xbed50605, 0x621fd134, 0xfe8ac4a6, 0x539d342e, 0x55a0a2f3, 0xe132058a, 0xeb75a4f6, 0xec390b83, 0xefaa4060, 0x9f065e71, 0x1051bd6e, 0x8af93e21, 0x063d96dd, 0x05aedd3e, 0xbd464de6, 0x8db59154, 0x5d0571c4, 0xd46f0406, 0x15ff6050, 0xfb241998, 0xe997d6bd, 0x43cc8940, 0x9e7767d9, 0x42bdb0e8, 0x8b880789, 0x5b38e719, 0xeedb79c8, 0x0a47a17c, 0x0fe97c42, 0x1ec9f884, 0x00000000, 0x86830980, 0xed48322b, 0x70ac1e11, 0x724e6c5a, 0xfffbfd0e, 0x38560f85, 0xd51e3dae, 0x3927362d, 0xd9640a0f, 0xa621685c, 0x54d19b5b, 0x2e3a2436, 0x67b10c0a, 0xe70f9357, 0x96d2b4ee, 0x919e1b9b, 0xc54f80c0, 0x20a261dc, 0x4b695a77, 0x1a161c12, 0xba0ae293, 0x2ae5c0a0, 0xe0433c22, 0x171d121b, 0x0d0b0e09, 0xc7adf28b, 0xa8b92db6, 0xa9c8141e, 0x198557f1, 0x074caf75, 0xddbbee99, 0x60fda37f, 0x269ff701, 0xf5bc5c72, 0x3bc54466, 0x7e345bfb, 0x29768b43, 0xc6dccb23, 0xfc68b6ed, 0xf163b8e4, 0xdccad731, 0x85104263, 0x22401397, 0x112084c6, 0x247d854a, 0x3df8d2bb, 0x3211aef9, 0xa16dc729, 0x2f4b1d9e, 0x30f3dcb2, 0x52ec0d86, 0xe3d077c1, 0x166c2bb3, 0xb999a970, 0x48fa1194, 0x642247e9, 0x8cc4a8fc, 0x3f1aa0f0, 0x2cd8567d, 0x90ef2233, 0x4ec78749, 0xd1c1d938, 0xa2fe8cca, 0x0b3698d4, 0x81cfa6f5, 0xde28a57a, 0x8e26dab7, 0xbfa43fad, 0x9de42c3a, 0x920d5078, 0xcc9b6a5f, 0x4662547e, 0x13c2f68d, 0xb8e890d8, 0xf75e2e39, 0xaff582c3, 0x80be9f5d, 0x937c69d0, 0x2da96fd5, 0x12b3cf25, 0x993bc8ac, 0x7da71018, 0x636ee89c, 0xbb7bdb3b, 0x7809cd26, 0x18f46e59, 0xb701ec9a, 0x9aa8834f, 0x6e65e695, 0xe67eaaff, 0xcf0821bc, 0xe8e6ef15, 0x9bd9bae7, 0x36ce4a6f, 0x09d4ea9f, 0x7cd629b0, 0xb2af31a4, 0x23312a3f, 0x9430c6a5, 0x66c035a2, 0xbc37744e, 0xcaa6fc82, 0xd0b0e090, 0xd81533a7, 0x984af104, 0xdaf741ec, 0x500e7fcd, 0xf62f1791, 0xd68d764d, 0xb04d43ef, 0x4d54ccaa, 0x04dfe496, 0xb5e39ed1, 0x881b4c6a, 0x1fb8c12c, 0x517f4665, 0xea049d5e, 0x355d018c, 0x7473fa87, 0x412efb0b, 0x1d5ab367, 0xd25292db, 0x5633e910, 0x47136dd6, 0x618c9ad7, 0x0c7a37a1, 0x148e59f8, 0x3c89eb13, 0x27eecea9, 0xc935b761, 0xe5ede11c, 0xb13c7a47, 0xdf599cd2, 0x733f55f2, 0xce791814, 0x37bf73c7, 0xcdea53f7, 0xaa5b5ffd, 0x6f14df3d, 0xdb867844, 0xf381caaf, 0xc43eb968, 0x342c3824, 0x405fc2a3, 0xc372161d, 0x250cbce2, 0x498b283c, 0x9541ff0d, 0x017139a8, 0xb3de080c, 0xe49cd8b4, 0xc1906456, 0x84617bcb, 0xb670d532, 0x5c74486c, 0x5742d0b8];
+           var T8 = [0xf4a75051, 0x4165537e, 0x17a4c31a, 0x275e963a, 0xab6bcb3b, 0x9d45f11f, 0xfa58abac, 0xe303934b, 0x30fa5520, 0x766df6ad, 0xcc769188, 0x024c25f5, 0xe5d7fc4f, 0x2acbd7c5, 0x35448026, 0x62a38fb5, 0xb15a49de, 0xba1b6725, 0xea0e9845, 0xfec0e15d, 0x2f7502c3, 0x4cf01281, 0x4697a38d, 0xd3f9c66b, 0x8f5fe703, 0x929c9515, 0x6d7aebbf, 0x5259da95, 0xbe832dd4, 0x7421d358, 0xe0692949, 0xc9c8448e, 0xc2896a75, 0x8e7978f4, 0x583e6b99, 0xb971dd27, 0xe14fb6be, 0x88ad17f0, 0x20ac66c9, 0xce3ab47d, 0xdf4a1863, 0x1a3182e5, 0x51336097, 0x537f4562, 0x6477e0b1, 0x6bae84bb, 0x81a01cfe, 0x082b94f9, 0x48685870, 0x45fd198f, 0xde6c8794, 0x7bf8b752, 0x73d323ab, 0x4b02e272, 0x1f8f57e3, 0x55ab2a66, 0xeb2807b2, 0xb5c2032f, 0xc57b9a86, 0x3708a5d3, 0x2887f230, 0xbfa5b223, 0x036aba02, 0x16825ced, 0xcf1c2b8a, 0x79b492a7, 0x07f2f0f3, 0x69e2a14e, 0xdaf4cd65, 0x05bed506, 0x34621fd1, 0xa6fe8ac4, 0x2e539d34, 0xf355a0a2, 0x8ae13205, 0xf6eb75a4, 0x83ec390b, 0x60efaa40, 0x719f065e, 0x6e1051bd, 0x218af93e, 0xdd063d96, 0x3e05aedd, 0xe6bd464d, 0x548db591, 0xc45d0571, 0x06d46f04, 0x5015ff60, 0x98fb2419, 0xbde997d6, 0x4043cc89, 0xd99e7767, 0xe842bdb0, 0x898b8807, 0x195b38e7, 0xc8eedb79, 0x7c0a47a1, 0x420fe97c, 0x841ec9f8, 0x00000000, 0x80868309, 0x2bed4832, 0x1170ac1e, 0x5a724e6c, 0x0efffbfd, 0x8538560f, 0xaed51e3d, 0x2d392736, 0x0fd9640a, 0x5ca62168, 0x5b54d19b, 0x362e3a24, 0x0a67b10c, 0x57e70f93, 0xee96d2b4, 0x9b919e1b, 0xc0c54f80, 0xdc20a261, 0x774b695a, 0x121a161c, 0x93ba0ae2, 0xa02ae5c0, 0x22e0433c, 0x1b171d12, 0x090d0b0e, 0x8bc7adf2, 0xb6a8b92d, 0x1ea9c814, 0xf1198557, 0x75074caf, 0x99ddbbee, 0x7f60fda3, 0x01269ff7, 0x72f5bc5c, 0x663bc544, 0xfb7e345b, 0x4329768b, 0x23c6dccb, 0xedfc68b6, 0xe4f163b8, 0x31dccad7, 0x63851042, 0x97224013, 0xc6112084, 0x4a247d85, 0xbb3df8d2, 0xf93211ae, 0x29a16dc7, 0x9e2f4b1d, 0xb230f3dc, 0x8652ec0d, 0xc1e3d077, 0xb3166c2b, 0x70b999a9, 0x9448fa11, 0xe9642247, 0xfc8cc4a8, 0xf03f1aa0, 0x7d2cd856, 0x3390ef22, 0x494ec787, 0x38d1c1d9, 0xcaa2fe8c, 0xd40b3698, 0xf581cfa6, 0x7ade28a5, 0xb78e26da, 0xadbfa43f, 0x3a9de42c, 0x78920d50, 0x5fcc9b6a, 0x7e466254, 0x8d13c2f6, 0xd8b8e890, 0x39f75e2e, 0xc3aff582, 0x5d80be9f, 0xd0937c69, 0xd52da96f, 0x2512b3cf, 0xac993bc8, 0x187da710, 0x9c636ee8, 0x3bbb7bdb, 0x267809cd, 0x5918f46e, 0x9ab701ec, 0x4f9aa883, 0x956e65e6, 0xffe67eaa, 0xbccf0821, 0x15e8e6ef, 0xe79bd9ba, 0x6f36ce4a, 0x9f09d4ea, 0xb07cd629, 0xa4b2af31, 0x3f23312a, 0xa59430c6, 0xa266c035, 0x4ebc3774, 0x82caa6fc, 0x90d0b0e0, 0xa7d81533, 0x04984af1, 0xecdaf741, 0xcd500e7f, 0x91f62f17, 0x4dd68d76, 0xefb04d43, 0xaa4d54cc, 0x9604dfe4, 0xd1b5e39e, 0x6a881b4c, 0x2c1fb8c1, 0x65517f46, 0x5eea049d, 0x8c355d01, 0x877473fa, 0x0b412efb, 0x671d5ab3, 0xdbd25292, 0x105633e9, 0xd647136d, 0xd7618c9a, 0xa10c7a37, 0xf8148e59, 0x133c89eb, 0xa927eece, 0x61c935b7, 0x1ce5ede1, 0x47b13c7a, 0xd2df599c, 0xf2733f55, 0x14ce7918, 0xc737bf73, 0xf7cdea53, 0xfdaa5b5f, 0x3d6f14df, 0x44db8678, 0xaff381ca, 0x68c43eb9, 0x24342c38, 0xa3405fc2, 0x1dc37216, 0xe2250cbc, 0x3c498b28, 0x0d9541ff, 0xa8017139, 0x0cb3de08, 0xb4e49cd8, 0x56c19064, 0xcb84617b, 0x32b670d5, 0x6c5c7448, 0xb85742d0]; // Transformations for decryption key expansion
 
-           // Same as memberByRole, but returns all members with the given role
-           membersByRole: function(role) {
-               var result = [];
-               for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-                   if (this.members[i].role === role) {
-                       result.push(Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {index: i}));
-                   }
-               }
-               return result;
-           },
+           var U1 = [0x00000000, 0x0e090d0b, 0x1c121a16, 0x121b171d, 0x3824342c, 0x362d3927, 0x24362e3a, 0x2a3f2331, 0x70486858, 0x7e416553, 0x6c5a724e, 0x62537f45, 0x486c5c74, 0x4665517f, 0x547e4662, 0x5a774b69, 0xe090d0b0, 0xee99ddbb, 0xfc82caa6, 0xf28bc7ad, 0xd8b4e49c, 0xd6bde997, 0xc4a6fe8a, 0xcaaff381, 0x90d8b8e8, 0x9ed1b5e3, 0x8ccaa2fe, 0x82c3aff5, 0xa8fc8cc4, 0xa6f581cf, 0xb4ee96d2, 0xbae79bd9, 0xdb3bbb7b, 0xd532b670, 0xc729a16d, 0xc920ac66, 0xe31f8f57, 0xed16825c, 0xff0d9541, 0xf104984a, 0xab73d323, 0xa57ade28, 0xb761c935, 0xb968c43e, 0x9357e70f, 0x9d5eea04, 0x8f45fd19, 0x814cf012, 0x3bab6bcb, 0x35a266c0, 0x27b971dd, 0x29b07cd6, 0x038f5fe7, 0x0d8652ec, 0x1f9d45f1, 0x119448fa, 0x4be30393, 0x45ea0e98, 0x57f11985, 0x59f8148e, 0x73c737bf, 0x7dce3ab4, 0x6fd52da9, 0x61dc20a2, 0xad766df6, 0xa37f60fd, 0xb16477e0, 0xbf6d7aeb, 0x955259da, 0x9b5b54d1, 0x894043cc, 0x87494ec7, 0xdd3e05ae, 0xd33708a5, 0xc12c1fb8, 0xcf2512b3, 0xe51a3182, 0xeb133c89, 0xf9082b94, 0xf701269f, 0x4de6bd46, 0x43efb04d, 0x51f4a750, 0x5ffdaa5b, 0x75c2896a, 0x7bcb8461, 0x69d0937c, 0x67d99e77, 0x3daed51e, 0x33a7d815, 0x21bccf08, 0x2fb5c203, 0x058ae132, 0x0b83ec39, 0x1998fb24, 0x1791f62f, 0x764dd68d, 0x7844db86, 0x6a5fcc9b, 0x6456c190, 0x4e69e2a1, 0x4060efaa, 0x527bf8b7, 0x5c72f5bc, 0x0605bed5, 0x080cb3de, 0x1a17a4c3, 0x141ea9c8, 0x3e218af9, 0x302887f2, 0x223390ef, 0x2c3a9de4, 0x96dd063d, 0x98d40b36, 0x8acf1c2b, 0x84c61120, 0xaef93211, 0xa0f03f1a, 0xb2eb2807, 0xbce2250c, 0xe6956e65, 0xe89c636e, 0xfa877473, 0xf48e7978, 0xdeb15a49, 0xd0b85742, 0xc2a3405f, 0xccaa4d54, 0x41ecdaf7, 0x4fe5d7fc, 0x5dfec0e1, 0x53f7cdea, 0x79c8eedb, 0x77c1e3d0, 0x65daf4cd, 0x6bd3f9c6, 0x31a4b2af, 0x3fadbfa4, 0x2db6a8b9, 0x23bfa5b2, 0x09808683, 0x07898b88, 0x15929c95, 0x1b9b919e, 0xa17c0a47, 0xaf75074c, 0xbd6e1051, 0xb3671d5a, 0x99583e6b, 0x97513360, 0x854a247d, 0x8b432976, 0xd134621f, 0xdf3d6f14, 0xcd267809, 0xc32f7502, 0xe9105633, 0xe7195b38, 0xf5024c25, 0xfb0b412e, 0x9ad7618c, 0x94de6c87, 0x86c57b9a, 0x88cc7691, 0xa2f355a0, 0xacfa58ab, 0xbee14fb6, 0xb0e842bd, 0xea9f09d4, 0xe49604df, 0xf68d13c2, 0xf8841ec9, 0xd2bb3df8, 0xdcb230f3, 0xcea927ee, 0xc0a02ae5, 0x7a47b13c, 0x744ebc37, 0x6655ab2a, 0x685ca621, 0x42638510, 0x4c6a881b, 0x5e719f06, 0x5078920d, 0x0a0fd964, 0x0406d46f, 0x161dc372, 0x1814ce79, 0x322bed48, 0x3c22e043, 0x2e39f75e, 0x2030fa55, 0xec9ab701, 0xe293ba0a, 0xf088ad17, 0xfe81a01c, 0xd4be832d, 0xdab78e26, 0xc8ac993b, 0xc6a59430, 0x9cd2df59, 0x92dbd252, 0x80c0c54f, 0x8ec9c844, 0xa4f6eb75, 0xaaffe67e, 0xb8e4f163, 0xb6edfc68, 0x0c0a67b1, 0x02036aba, 0x10187da7, 0x1e1170ac, 0x342e539d, 0x3a275e96, 0x283c498b, 0x26354480, 0x7c420fe9, 0x724b02e2, 0x605015ff, 0x6e5918f4, 0x44663bc5, 0x4a6f36ce, 0x587421d3, 0x567d2cd8, 0x37a10c7a, 0x39a80171, 0x2bb3166c, 0x25ba1b67, 0x0f853856, 0x018c355d, 0x13972240, 0x1d9e2f4b, 0x47e96422, 0x49e06929, 0x5bfb7e34, 0x55f2733f, 0x7fcd500e, 0x71c45d05, 0x63df4a18, 0x6dd64713, 0xd731dcca, 0xd938d1c1, 0xcb23c6dc, 0xc52acbd7, 0xef15e8e6, 0xe11ce5ed, 0xf307f2f0, 0xfd0efffb, 0xa779b492, 0xa970b999, 0xbb6bae84, 0xb562a38f, 0x9f5d80be, 0x91548db5, 0x834f9aa8, 0x8d4697a3];
+           var U2 = [0x00000000, 0x0b0e090d, 0x161c121a, 0x1d121b17, 0x2c382434, 0x27362d39, 0x3a24362e, 0x312a3f23, 0x58704868, 0x537e4165, 0x4e6c5a72, 0x4562537f, 0x74486c5c, 0x7f466551, 0x62547e46, 0x695a774b, 0xb0e090d0, 0xbbee99dd, 0xa6fc82ca, 0xadf28bc7, 0x9cd8b4e4, 0x97d6bde9, 0x8ac4a6fe, 0x81caaff3, 0xe890d8b8, 0xe39ed1b5, 0xfe8ccaa2, 0xf582c3af, 0xc4a8fc8c, 0xcfa6f581, 0xd2b4ee96, 0xd9bae79b, 0x7bdb3bbb, 0x70d532b6, 0x6dc729a1, 0x66c920ac, 0x57e31f8f, 0x5ced1682, 0x41ff0d95, 0x4af10498, 0x23ab73d3, 0x28a57ade, 0x35b761c9, 0x3eb968c4, 0x0f9357e7, 0x049d5eea, 0x198f45fd, 0x12814cf0, 0xcb3bab6b, 0xc035a266, 0xdd27b971, 0xd629b07c, 0xe7038f5f, 0xec0d8652, 0xf11f9d45, 0xfa119448, 0x934be303, 0x9845ea0e, 0x8557f119, 0x8e59f814, 0xbf73c737, 0xb47dce3a, 0xa96fd52d, 0xa261dc20, 0xf6ad766d, 0xfda37f60, 0xe0b16477, 0xebbf6d7a, 0xda955259, 0xd19b5b54, 0xcc894043, 0xc787494e, 0xaedd3e05, 0xa5d33708, 0xb8c12c1f, 0xb3cf2512, 0x82e51a31, 0x89eb133c, 0x94f9082b, 0x9ff70126, 0x464de6bd, 0x4d43efb0, 0x5051f4a7, 0x5b5ffdaa, 0x6a75c289, 0x617bcb84, 0x7c69d093, 0x7767d99e, 0x1e3daed5, 0x1533a7d8, 0x0821bccf, 0x032fb5c2, 0x32058ae1, 0x390b83ec, 0x241998fb, 0x2f1791f6, 0x8d764dd6, 0x867844db, 0x9b6a5fcc, 0x906456c1, 0xa14e69e2, 0xaa4060ef, 0xb7527bf8, 0xbc5c72f5, 0xd50605be, 0xde080cb3, 0xc31a17a4, 0xc8141ea9, 0xf93e218a, 0xf2302887, 0xef223390, 0xe42c3a9d, 0x3d96dd06, 0x3698d40b, 0x2b8acf1c, 0x2084c611, 0x11aef932, 0x1aa0f03f, 0x07b2eb28, 0x0cbce225, 0x65e6956e, 0x6ee89c63, 0x73fa8774, 0x78f48e79, 0x49deb15a, 0x42d0b857, 0x5fc2a340, 0x54ccaa4d, 0xf741ecda, 0xfc4fe5d7, 0xe15dfec0, 0xea53f7cd, 0xdb79c8ee, 0xd077c1e3, 0xcd65daf4, 0xc66bd3f9, 0xaf31a4b2, 0xa43fadbf, 0xb92db6a8, 0xb223bfa5, 0x83098086, 0x8807898b, 0x9515929c, 0x9e1b9b91, 0x47a17c0a, 0x4caf7507, 0x51bd6e10, 0x5ab3671d, 0x6b99583e, 0x60975133, 0x7d854a24, 0x768b4329, 0x1fd13462, 0x14df3d6f, 0x09cd2678, 0x02c32f75, 0x33e91056, 0x38e7195b, 0x25f5024c, 0x2efb0b41, 0x8c9ad761, 0x8794de6c, 0x9a86c57b, 0x9188cc76, 0xa0a2f355, 0xabacfa58, 0xb6bee14f, 0xbdb0e842, 0xd4ea9f09, 0xdfe49604, 0xc2f68d13, 0xc9f8841e, 0xf8d2bb3d, 0xf3dcb230, 0xeecea927, 0xe5c0a02a, 0x3c7a47b1, 0x37744ebc, 0x2a6655ab, 0x21685ca6, 0x10426385, 0x1b4c6a88, 0x065e719f, 0x0d507892, 0x640a0fd9, 0x6f0406d4, 0x72161dc3, 0x791814ce, 0x48322bed, 0x433c22e0, 0x5e2e39f7, 0x552030fa, 0x01ec9ab7, 0x0ae293ba, 0x17f088ad, 0x1cfe81a0, 0x2dd4be83, 0x26dab78e, 0x3bc8ac99, 0x30c6a594, 0x599cd2df, 0x5292dbd2, 0x4f80c0c5, 0x448ec9c8, 0x75a4f6eb, 0x7eaaffe6, 0x63b8e4f1, 0x68b6edfc, 0xb10c0a67, 0xba02036a, 0xa710187d, 0xac1e1170, 0x9d342e53, 0x963a275e, 0x8b283c49, 0x80263544, 0xe97c420f, 0xe2724b02, 0xff605015, 0xf46e5918, 0xc544663b, 0xce4a6f36, 0xd3587421, 0xd8567d2c, 0x7a37a10c, 0x7139a801, 0x6c2bb316, 0x6725ba1b, 0x560f8538, 0x5d018c35, 0x40139722, 0x4b1d9e2f, 0x2247e964, 0x2949e069, 0x345bfb7e, 0x3f55f273, 0x0e7fcd50, 0x0571c45d, 0x1863df4a, 0x136dd647, 0xcad731dc, 0xc1d938d1, 0xdccb23c6, 0xd7c52acb, 0xe6ef15e8, 0xede11ce5, 0xf0f307f2, 0xfbfd0eff, 0x92a779b4, 0x99a970b9, 0x84bb6bae, 0x8fb562a3, 0xbe9f5d80, 0xb591548d, 0xa8834f9a, 0xa38d4697];
+           var U3 = [0x00000000, 0x0d0b0e09, 0x1a161c12, 0x171d121b, 0x342c3824, 0x3927362d, 0x2e3a2436, 0x23312a3f, 0x68587048, 0x65537e41, 0x724e6c5a, 0x7f456253, 0x5c74486c, 0x517f4665, 0x4662547e, 0x4b695a77, 0xd0b0e090, 0xddbbee99, 0xcaa6fc82, 0xc7adf28b, 0xe49cd8b4, 0xe997d6bd, 0xfe8ac4a6, 0xf381caaf, 0xb8e890d8, 0xb5e39ed1, 0xa2fe8cca, 0xaff582c3, 0x8cc4a8fc, 0x81cfa6f5, 0x96d2b4ee, 0x9bd9bae7, 0xbb7bdb3b, 0xb670d532, 0xa16dc729, 0xac66c920, 0x8f57e31f, 0x825ced16, 0x9541ff0d, 0x984af104, 0xd323ab73, 0xde28a57a, 0xc935b761, 0xc43eb968, 0xe70f9357, 0xea049d5e, 0xfd198f45, 0xf012814c, 0x6bcb3bab, 0x66c035a2, 0x71dd27b9, 0x7cd629b0, 0x5fe7038f, 0x52ec0d86, 0x45f11f9d, 0x48fa1194, 0x03934be3, 0x0e9845ea, 0x198557f1, 0x148e59f8, 0x37bf73c7, 0x3ab47dce, 0x2da96fd5, 0x20a261dc, 0x6df6ad76, 0x60fda37f, 0x77e0b164, 0x7aebbf6d, 0x59da9552, 0x54d19b5b, 0x43cc8940, 0x4ec78749, 0x05aedd3e, 0x08a5d337, 0x1fb8c12c, 0x12b3cf25, 0x3182e51a, 0x3c89eb13, 0x2b94f908, 0x269ff701, 0xbd464de6, 0xb04d43ef, 0xa75051f4, 0xaa5b5ffd, 0x896a75c2, 0x84617bcb, 0x937c69d0, 0x9e7767d9, 0xd51e3dae, 0xd81533a7, 0xcf0821bc, 0xc2032fb5, 0xe132058a, 0xec390b83, 0xfb241998, 0xf62f1791, 0xd68d764d, 0xdb867844, 0xcc9b6a5f, 0xc1906456, 0xe2a14e69, 0xefaa4060, 0xf8b7527b, 0xf5bc5c72, 0xbed50605, 0xb3de080c, 0xa4c31a17, 0xa9c8141e, 0x8af93e21, 0x87f23028, 0x90ef2233, 0x9de42c3a, 0x063d96dd, 0x0b3698d4, 0x1c2b8acf, 0x112084c6, 0x3211aef9, 0x3f1aa0f0, 0x2807b2eb, 0x250cbce2, 0x6e65e695, 0x636ee89c, 0x7473fa87, 0x7978f48e, 0x5a49deb1, 0x5742d0b8, 0x405fc2a3, 0x4d54ccaa, 0xdaf741ec, 0xd7fc4fe5, 0xc0e15dfe, 0xcdea53f7, 0xeedb79c8, 0xe3d077c1, 0xf4cd65da, 0xf9c66bd3, 0xb2af31a4, 0xbfa43fad, 0xa8b92db6, 0xa5b223bf, 0x86830980, 0x8b880789, 0x9c951592, 0x919e1b9b, 0x0a47a17c, 0x074caf75, 0x1051bd6e, 0x1d5ab367, 0x3e6b9958, 0x33609751, 0x247d854a, 0x29768b43, 0x621fd134, 0x6f14df3d, 0x7809cd26, 0x7502c32f, 0x5633e910, 0x5b38e719, 0x4c25f502, 0x412efb0b, 0x618c9ad7, 0x6c8794de, 0x7b9a86c5, 0x769188cc, 0x55a0a2f3, 0x58abacfa, 0x4fb6bee1, 0x42bdb0e8, 0x09d4ea9f, 0x04dfe496, 0x13c2f68d, 0x1ec9f884, 0x3df8d2bb, 0x30f3dcb2, 0x27eecea9, 0x2ae5c0a0, 0xb13c7a47, 0xbc37744e, 0xab2a6655, 0xa621685c, 0x85104263, 0x881b4c6a, 0x9f065e71, 0x920d5078, 0xd9640a0f, 0xd46f0406, 0xc372161d, 0xce791814, 0xed48322b, 0xe0433c22, 0xf75e2e39, 0xfa552030, 0xb701ec9a, 0xba0ae293, 0xad17f088, 0xa01cfe81, 0x832dd4be, 0x8e26dab7, 0x993bc8ac, 0x9430c6a5, 0xdf599cd2, 0xd25292db, 0xc54f80c0, 0xc8448ec9, 0xeb75a4f6, 0xe67eaaff, 0xf163b8e4, 0xfc68b6ed, 0x67b10c0a, 0x6aba0203, 0x7da71018, 0x70ac1e11, 0x539d342e, 0x5e963a27, 0x498b283c, 0x44802635, 0x0fe97c42, 0x02e2724b, 0x15ff6050, 0x18f46e59, 0x3bc54466, 0x36ce4a6f, 0x21d35874, 0x2cd8567d, 0x0c7a37a1, 0x017139a8, 0x166c2bb3, 0x1b6725ba, 0x38560f85, 0x355d018c, 0x22401397, 0x2f4b1d9e, 0x642247e9, 0x692949e0, 0x7e345bfb, 0x733f55f2, 0x500e7fcd, 0x5d0571c4, 0x4a1863df, 0x47136dd6, 0xdccad731, 0xd1c1d938, 0xc6dccb23, 0xcbd7c52a, 0xe8e6ef15, 0xe5ede11c, 0xf2f0f307, 0xfffbfd0e, 0xb492a779, 0xb999a970, 0xae84bb6b, 0xa38fb562, 0x80be9f5d, 0x8db59154, 0x9aa8834f, 0x97a38d46];
+           var U4 = [0x00000000, 0x090d0b0e, 0x121a161c, 0x1b171d12, 0x24342c38, 0x2d392736, 0x362e3a24, 0x3f23312a, 0x48685870, 0x4165537e, 0x5a724e6c, 0x537f4562, 0x6c5c7448, 0x65517f46, 0x7e466254, 0x774b695a, 0x90d0b0e0, 0x99ddbbee, 0x82caa6fc, 0x8bc7adf2, 0xb4e49cd8, 0xbde997d6, 0xa6fe8ac4, 0xaff381ca, 0xd8b8e890, 0xd1b5e39e, 0xcaa2fe8c, 0xc3aff582, 0xfc8cc4a8, 0xf581cfa6, 0xee96d2b4, 0xe79bd9ba, 0x3bbb7bdb, 0x32b670d5, 0x29a16dc7, 0x20ac66c9, 0x1f8f57e3, 0x16825ced, 0x0d9541ff, 0x04984af1, 0x73d323ab, 0x7ade28a5, 0x61c935b7, 0x68c43eb9, 0x57e70f93, 0x5eea049d, 0x45fd198f, 0x4cf01281, 0xab6bcb3b, 0xa266c035, 0xb971dd27, 0xb07cd629, 0x8f5fe703, 0x8652ec0d, 0x9d45f11f, 0x9448fa11, 0xe303934b, 0xea0e9845, 0xf1198557, 0xf8148e59, 0xc737bf73, 0xce3ab47d, 0xd52da96f, 0xdc20a261, 0x766df6ad, 0x7f60fda3, 0x6477e0b1, 0x6d7aebbf, 0x5259da95, 0x5b54d19b, 0x4043cc89, 0x494ec787, 0x3e05aedd, 0x3708a5d3, 0x2c1fb8c1, 0x2512b3cf, 0x1a3182e5, 0x133c89eb, 0x082b94f9, 0x01269ff7, 0xe6bd464d, 0xefb04d43, 0xf4a75051, 0xfdaa5b5f, 0xc2896a75, 0xcb84617b, 0xd0937c69, 0xd99e7767, 0xaed51e3d, 0xa7d81533, 0xbccf0821, 0xb5c2032f, 0x8ae13205, 0x83ec390b, 0x98fb2419, 0x91f62f17, 0x4dd68d76, 0x44db8678, 0x5fcc9b6a, 0x56c19064, 0x69e2a14e, 0x60efaa40, 0x7bf8b752, 0x72f5bc5c, 0x05bed506, 0x0cb3de08, 0x17a4c31a, 0x1ea9c814, 0x218af93e, 0x2887f230, 0x3390ef22, 0x3a9de42c, 0xdd063d96, 0xd40b3698, 0xcf1c2b8a, 0xc6112084, 0xf93211ae, 0xf03f1aa0, 0xeb2807b2, 0xe2250cbc, 0x956e65e6, 0x9c636ee8, 0x877473fa, 0x8e7978f4, 0xb15a49de, 0xb85742d0, 0xa3405fc2, 0xaa4d54cc, 0xecdaf741, 0xe5d7fc4f, 0xfec0e15d, 0xf7cdea53, 0xc8eedb79, 0xc1e3d077, 0xdaf4cd65, 0xd3f9c66b, 0xa4b2af31, 0xadbfa43f, 0xb6a8b92d, 0xbfa5b223, 0x80868309, 0x898b8807, 0x929c9515, 0x9b919e1b, 0x7c0a47a1, 0x75074caf, 0x6e1051bd, 0x671d5ab3, 0x583e6b99, 0x51336097, 0x4a247d85, 0x4329768b, 0x34621fd1, 0x3d6f14df, 0x267809cd, 0x2f7502c3, 0x105633e9, 0x195b38e7, 0x024c25f5, 0x0b412efb, 0xd7618c9a, 0xde6c8794, 0xc57b9a86, 0xcc769188, 0xf355a0a2, 0xfa58abac, 0xe14fb6be, 0xe842bdb0, 0x9f09d4ea, 0x9604dfe4, 0x8d13c2f6, 0x841ec9f8, 0xbb3df8d2, 0xb230f3dc, 0xa927eece, 0xa02ae5c0, 0x47b13c7a, 0x4ebc3774, 0x55ab2a66, 0x5ca62168, 0x63851042, 0x6a881b4c, 0x719f065e, 0x78920d50, 0x0fd9640a, 0x06d46f04, 0x1dc37216, 0x14ce7918, 0x2bed4832, 0x22e0433c, 0x39f75e2e, 0x30fa5520, 0x9ab701ec, 0x93ba0ae2, 0x88ad17f0, 0x81a01cfe, 0xbe832dd4, 0xb78e26da, 0xac993bc8, 0xa59430c6, 0xd2df599c, 0xdbd25292, 0xc0c54f80, 0xc9c8448e, 0xf6eb75a4, 0xffe67eaa, 0xe4f163b8, 0xedfc68b6, 0x0a67b10c, 0x036aba02, 0x187da710, 0x1170ac1e, 0x2e539d34, 0x275e963a, 0x3c498b28, 0x35448026, 0x420fe97c, 0x4b02e272, 0x5015ff60, 0x5918f46e, 0x663bc544, 0x6f36ce4a, 0x7421d358, 0x7d2cd856, 0xa10c7a37, 0xa8017139, 0xb3166c2b, 0xba1b6725, 0x8538560f, 0x8c355d01, 0x97224013, 0x9e2f4b1d, 0xe9642247, 0xe0692949, 0xfb7e345b, 0xf2733f55, 0xcd500e7f, 0xc45d0571, 0xdf4a1863, 0xd647136d, 0x31dccad7, 0x38d1c1d9, 0x23c6dccb, 0x2acbd7c5, 0x15e8e6ef, 0x1ce5ede1, 0x07f2f0f3, 0x0efffbfd, 0x79b492a7, 0x70b999a9, 0x6bae84bb, 0x62a38fb5, 0x5d80be9f, 0x548db591, 0x4f9aa883, 0x4697a38d];
 
-           // Return the first member with the given id. A copy of the member object
-           // is returned, extended with an 'index' property whose value is the member index.
-           memberById: function(id) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-                   if (this.members[i].id === id) {
-                       return Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {index: i});
-                   }
-               }
-           },
+           function convertToInt32(bytes) {
+             var result = [];
 
+             for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 4) {
+               result.push(bytes[i] << 24 | bytes[i + 1] << 16 | bytes[i + 2] << 8 | bytes[i + 3]);
+             }
 
-           // Return the first member with the given id and role. A copy of the member object
-           // is returned, extended with an 'index' property whose value is the member index.
-           memberByIdAndRole: function(id, role) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-                   if (this.members[i].id === id && this.members[i].role === role) {
-                       return Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {index: i});
-                   }
-               }
-           },
+             return result;
+           }
 
+           var AES = function AES(key) {
+             if (!(this instanceof AES)) {
+               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
+             }
 
-           addMember: function(member, index) {
-               var members = this.members.slice();
-               members.splice(index === undefined ? members.length : index, 0, member);
-               return this.update({members: members});
-           },
+             Object.defineProperty(this, 'key', {
+               value: coerceArray(key, true)
+             });
 
+             this._prepare();
+           };
 
-           updateMember: function(member, index) {
-               var members = this.members.slice();
-               members.splice(index, 1, Object.assign({}, members[index], member));
-               return this.update({members: members});
-           },
+           AES.prototype._prepare = function () {
+             var rounds = numberOfRounds[this.key.length];
 
+             if (rounds == null) {
+               throw new Error('invalid key size (must be 16, 24 or 32 bytes)');
+             } // encryption round keys
 
-           removeMember: function(index) {
-               var members = this.members.slice();
-               members.splice(index, 1);
-               return this.update({members: members});
-           },
 
+             this._Ke = []; // decryption round keys
 
-           removeMembersWithID: function(id) {
-               var members = this.members.filter(function(m) { return m.id !== id; });
-               return this.update({members: members});
-           },
+             this._Kd = [];
 
-           moveMember: function(fromIndex, toIndex) {
-               var members = this.members.slice();
-               members.splice(toIndex, 0, members.splice(fromIndex, 1)[0]);
-               return this.update({members: members});
-           },
+             for (var i = 0; i <= rounds; i++) {
+               this._Ke.push([0, 0, 0, 0]);
 
+               this._Kd.push([0, 0, 0, 0]);
+             }
 
-           // Wherever a member appears with id `needle.id`, replace it with a member
-           // with id `replacement.id`, type `replacement.type`, and the original role,
-           // By default, adding a duplicate member (by id and role) is prevented.
-           // Return an updated relation.
-           replaceMember: function(needle, replacement, keepDuplicates) {
-               if (!this.memberById(needle.id)) return this;
+             var roundKeyCount = (rounds + 1) * 4;
+             var KC = this.key.length / 4; // convert the key into ints
 
-               var members = [];
+             var tk = convertToInt32(this.key); // copy values into round key arrays
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-                   var member = this.members[i];
-                   if (member.id !== needle.id) {
-                       members.push(member);
-                   } else if (keepDuplicates || !this.memberByIdAndRole(replacement.id, member.role)) {
-                       members.push({ id: replacement.id, type: replacement.type, role: member.role });
-                   }
-               }
+             var index;
 
-               return this.update({ members: members });
-           },
+             for (var i = 0; i < KC; i++) {
+               index = i >> 2;
+               this._Ke[index][i % 4] = tk[i];
+               this._Kd[rounds - index][i % 4] = tk[i];
+             } // key expansion (fips-197 section 5.2)
 
 
-           asJXON: function(changeset_id) {
-               var r = {
-                   relation: {
-                       '@id': this.osmId(),
-                       '@version': this.version || 0,
-                       member: this.members.map(function(member) {
-                           return {
-                               keyAttributes: {
-                                   type: member.type,
-                                   role: member.role,
-                                   ref: osmEntity.id.toOSM(member.id)
-                               }
-                           };
-                       }, this),
-                       tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function(k) {
-                           return { keyAttributes: { k: k, v: this.tags[k] } };
-                       }, this)
-                   }
-               };
-               if (changeset_id) {
-                   r.relation['@changeset'] = changeset_id;
-               }
-               return r;
-           },
+             var rconpointer = 0;
+             var t = KC,
+                 tt;
 
+             while (t < roundKeyCount) {
+               tt = tk[KC - 1];
+               tk[0] ^= S[tt >> 16 & 0xFF] << 24 ^ S[tt >> 8 & 0xFF] << 16 ^ S[tt & 0xFF] << 8 ^ S[tt >> 24 & 0xFF] ^ rcon[rconpointer] << 24;
+               rconpointer += 1; // key expansion (for non-256 bit)
 
-           asGeoJSON: function(resolver) {
-               return resolver.transient(this, 'GeoJSON', function () {
-                   if (this.isMultipolygon()) {
-                       return {
-                           type: 'MultiPolygon',
-                           coordinates: this.multipolygon(resolver)
-                       };
-                   } else {
-                       return {
-                           type: 'FeatureCollection',
-                           properties: this.tags,
-                           features: this.members.map(function (member) {
-                               return Object.assign({role: member.role}, resolver.entity(member.id).asGeoJSON(resolver));
-                           })
-                       };
-                   }
-               });
-           },
+               if (KC != 8) {
+                 for (var i = 1; i < KC; i++) {
+                   tk[i] ^= tk[i - 1];
+                 } // key expansion for 256-bit keys is "slightly different" (fips-197)
 
+               } else {
+                 for (var i = 1; i < KC / 2; i++) {
+                   tk[i] ^= tk[i - 1];
+                 }
 
-           area: function(resolver) {
-               return resolver.transient(this, 'area', function() {
-                   return d3_geoArea(this.asGeoJSON(resolver));
-               });
-           },
+                 tt = tk[KC / 2 - 1];
+                 tk[KC / 2] ^= S[tt & 0xFF] ^ S[tt >> 8 & 0xFF] << 8 ^ S[tt >> 16 & 0xFF] << 16 ^ S[tt >> 24 & 0xFF] << 24;
 
+                 for (var i = KC / 2 + 1; i < KC; i++) {
+                   tk[i] ^= tk[i - 1];
+                 }
+               } // copy values into round key arrays
 
-           isMultipolygon: function() {
-               return this.tags.type === 'multipolygon';
-           },
 
+               var i = 0,
+                   r,
+                   c;
 
-           isComplete: function(resolver) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-                   if (!resolver.hasEntity(this.members[i].id)) {
-                       return false;
-                   }
+               while (i < KC && t < roundKeyCount) {
+                 r = t >> 2;
+                 c = t % 4;
+                 this._Ke[r][c] = tk[i];
+                 this._Kd[rounds - r][c] = tk[i++];
+                 t++;
                }
-               return true;
-           },
-
-
-           hasFromViaTo: function() {
-               return (
-                   this.members.some(function(m) { return m.role === 'from'; }) &&
-                   this.members.some(function(m) { return m.role === 'via'; }) &&
-                   this.members.some(function(m) { return m.role === 'to'; })
-               );
-           },
+             } // inverse-cipher-ify the decryption round key (fips-197 section 5.3)
 
 
-           isRestriction: function() {
-               return !!(this.tags.type && this.tags.type.match(/^restriction:?/));
-           },
+             for (var r = 1; r < rounds; r++) {
+               for (var c = 0; c < 4; c++) {
+                 tt = this._Kd[r][c];
+                 this._Kd[r][c] = U1[tt >> 24 & 0xFF] ^ U2[tt >> 16 & 0xFF] ^ U3[tt >> 8 & 0xFF] ^ U4[tt & 0xFF];
+               }
+             }
+           };
 
+           AES.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
+             if (plaintext.length != 16) {
+               throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
-           isValidRestriction: function() {
-               if (!this.isRestriction()) return false;
+             var rounds = this._Ke.length - 1;
+             var a = [0, 0, 0, 0]; // convert plaintext to (ints ^ key)
 
-               var froms = this.members.filter(function(m) { return m.role === 'from'; });
-               var vias = this.members.filter(function(m) { return m.role === 'via'; });
-               var tos = this.members.filter(function(m) { return m.role === 'to'; });
+             var t = convertToInt32(plaintext);
 
-               if (froms.length !== 1 && this.tags.restriction !== 'no_entry') return false;
-               if (froms.some(function(m) { return m.type !== 'way'; })) return false;
+             for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+               t[i] ^= this._Ke[0][i];
+             } // apply round transforms
 
-               if (tos.length !== 1 && this.tags.restriction !== 'no_exit') return false;
-               if (tos.some(function(m) { return m.type !== 'way'; })) return false;
 
-               if (vias.length === 0) return false;
-               if (vias.length > 1 && vias.some(function(m) { return m.type !== 'way'; })) return false;
+             for (var r = 1; r < rounds; r++) {
+               for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+                 a[i] = T1[t[i] >> 24 & 0xff] ^ T2[t[(i + 1) % 4] >> 16 & 0xff] ^ T3[t[(i + 2) % 4] >> 8 & 0xff] ^ T4[t[(i + 3) % 4] & 0xff] ^ this._Ke[r][i];
+               }
 
-               return true;
-           },
+               t = a.slice();
+             } // the last round is special
 
 
-           // Returns an array [A0, ... An], each Ai being an array of node arrays [Nds0, ... Ndsm],
-           // where Nds0 is an outer ring and subsequent Ndsi's (if any i > 0) being inner rings.
-           //
-           // This corresponds to the structure needed for rendering a multipolygon path using a
-           // `evenodd` fill rule, as well as the structure of a GeoJSON MultiPolygon geometry.
-           //
-           // In the case of invalid geometries, this function will still return a result which
-           // includes the nodes of all way members, but some Nds may be unclosed and some inner
-           // rings not matched with the intended outer ring.
-           //
-           multipolygon: function(resolver) {
-               var outers = this.members.filter(function(m) { return 'outer' === (m.role || 'outer'); });
-               var inners = this.members.filter(function(m) { return 'inner' === m.role; });
-
-               outers = osmJoinWays(outers, resolver);
-               inners = osmJoinWays(inners, resolver);
-
-               var sequenceToLineString = function(sequence) {
-                   if (sequence.nodes.length > 2 &&
-                       sequence.nodes[0] !== sequence.nodes[sequence.nodes.length - 1]) {
-                       // close unclosed parts to ensure correct area rendering - #2945
-                       sequence.nodes.push(sequence.nodes[0]);
-                   }
-                   return sequence.nodes.map(function(node) { return node.loc; });
-               };
+             var result = createArray(16),
+                 tt;
 
-               outers = outers.map(sequenceToLineString);
-               inners = inners.map(sequenceToLineString);
+             for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+               tt = this._Ke[rounds][i];
+               result[4 * i] = (S[t[i] >> 24 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 24) & 0xff;
+               result[4 * i + 1] = (S[t[(i + 1) % 4] >> 16 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 16) & 0xff;
+               result[4 * i + 2] = (S[t[(i + 2) % 4] >> 8 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 8) & 0xff;
+               result[4 * i + 3] = (S[t[(i + 3) % 4] & 0xff] ^ tt) & 0xff;
+             }
 
-               var result = outers.map(function(o) {
-                   // Heuristic for detecting counterclockwise winding order. Assumes
-                   // that OpenStreetMap polygons are not hemisphere-spanning.
-                   return [d3_geoArea({ type: 'Polygon', coordinates: [o] }) > 2 * Math.PI ? o.reverse() : o];
-               });
+             return result;
+           };
 
-               function findOuter(inner) {
-                   var o, outer;
+           AES.prototype.decrypt = function (ciphertext) {
+             if (ciphertext.length != 16) {
+               throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
-                   for (o = 0; o < outers.length; o++) {
-                       outer = outers[o];
-                       if (geoPolygonContainsPolygon(outer, inner))
-                           return o;
-                   }
+             var rounds = this._Kd.length - 1;
+             var a = [0, 0, 0, 0]; // convert plaintext to (ints ^ key)
 
-                   for (o = 0; o < outers.length; o++) {
-                       outer = outers[o];
-                       if (geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(outer, inner, false))
-                           return o;
-                   }
-               }
+             var t = convertToInt32(ciphertext);
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < inners.length; i++) {
-                   var inner = inners[i];
+             for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+               t[i] ^= this._Kd[0][i];
+             } // apply round transforms
 
-                   if (d3_geoArea({ type: 'Polygon', coordinates: [inner] }) < 2 * Math.PI) {
-                       inner = inner.reverse();
-                   }
 
-                   var o = findOuter(inners[i]);
-                   if (o !== undefined) {
-                       result[o].push(inners[i]);
-                   } else {
-                       result.push([inners[i]]); // Invalid geometry
-                   }
+             for (var r = 1; r < rounds; r++) {
+               for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+                 a[i] = T5[t[i] >> 24 & 0xff] ^ T6[t[(i + 3) % 4] >> 16 & 0xff] ^ T7[t[(i + 2) % 4] >> 8 & 0xff] ^ T8[t[(i + 1) % 4] & 0xff] ^ this._Kd[r][i];
                }
 
-               return result;
-           }
-       });
+               t = a.slice();
+             } // the last round is special
 
-       class QAItem {
-         constructor(loc, service, itemType, id, props) {
-           // Store required properties
-           this.loc = loc;
-           this.service = service.title;
-           this.itemType = itemType;
 
-           // All issues must have an ID for selection, use generic if none specified
-           this.id = id ? id : `${QAItem.id()}`;
+             var result = createArray(16),
+                 tt;
 
-           this.update(props);
+             for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+               tt = this._Kd[rounds][i];
+               result[4 * i] = (Si[t[i] >> 24 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 24) & 0xff;
+               result[4 * i + 1] = (Si[t[(i + 3) % 4] >> 16 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 16) & 0xff;
+               result[4 * i + 2] = (Si[t[(i + 2) % 4] >> 8 & 0xff] ^ tt >> 8) & 0xff;
+               result[4 * i + 3] = (Si[t[(i + 1) % 4] & 0xff] ^ tt) & 0xff;
+             }
 
-           // Some QA services have marker icons to differentiate issues
-           if (service && typeof service.getIcon === 'function') {
-             this.icon = service.getIcon(itemType);
-           }
+             return result;
+           };
+           /**
+            *  Mode Of Operation - Electonic Codebook (ECB)
+            */
 
-           return this;
-         }
 
-         update(props) {
-           // You can't override this inital information
-           const { loc, service, itemType, id } = this;
+           var ModeOfOperationECB = function ModeOfOperationECB(key) {
+             if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationECB)) {
+               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
+             }
 
-           Object.keys(props).forEach(prop => this[prop] = props[prop]);
+             this.description = "Electronic Code Block";
+             this.name = "ecb";
+             this._aes = new AES(key);
+           };
 
-           this.loc = loc;
-           this.service = service;
-           this.itemType = itemType;
-           this.id = id;
+           ModeOfOperationECB.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
+             plaintext = coerceArray(plaintext);
 
-           return this;
-         }
+             if (plaintext.length % 16 !== 0) {
+               throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
-         // Generic handling for newly created QAItems
-         static id() {
-           return this.nextId--;
-         }
-       }
-       QAItem.nextId = -1;
+             var ciphertext = createArray(plaintext.length);
+             var block = createArray(16);
 
-       // Split a way at the given node.
-       //
-       // Optionally, split only the given ways, if multiple ways share
-       // the given node.
-       //
-       // This is the inverse of `iD.actionJoin`.
-       //
-       // For testing convenience, accepts an ID to assign to the new way.
-       // Normally, this will be undefined and the way will automatically
-       // be assigned a new ID.
-       //
-       // Reference:
-       //   https://github.com/systemed/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/SplitWayAction.as
-       //
-       function actionSplit(nodeId, newWayIds) {
-           var _wayIDs;
+             for (var i = 0; i < plaintext.length; i += 16) {
+               copyArray(plaintext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
+               block = this._aes.encrypt(block);
+               copyArray(block, ciphertext, i);
+             }
 
-           // The IDs of the ways actually created by running this action
-           var createdWayIDs = [];
+             return ciphertext;
+           };
 
-           // If the way is closed, we need to search for a partner node
-           // to split the way at.
-           //
-           // The following looks for a node that is both far away from
-           // the initial node in terms of way segment length and nearby
-           // in terms of beeline-distance. This assures that areas get
-           // split on the most "natural" points (independent of the number
-           // of nodes).
-           // For example: bone-shaped areas get split across their waist
-           // line, circles across the diameter.
-           function splitArea(nodes, idxA, graph) {
-               var lengths = new Array(nodes.length);
-               var length;
-               var i;
-               var best = 0;
-               var idxB;
+           ModeOfOperationECB.prototype.decrypt = function (ciphertext) {
+             ciphertext = coerceArray(ciphertext);
 
-               function wrap(index) {
-                   return utilWrap(index, nodes.length);
-               }
+             if (ciphertext.length % 16 !== 0) {
+               throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
-               function dist(nA, nB) {
-                   var locA = graph.entity(nA).loc;
-                   var locB = graph.entity(nB).loc;
-                   var epsilon = 1e-6;
-                   return (locA && locB) ? geoSphericalDistance(locA, locB) : epsilon;
-               }
+             var plaintext = createArray(ciphertext.length);
+             var block = createArray(16);
 
-               // calculate lengths
-               length = 0;
-               for (i = wrap(idxA + 1); i !== idxA; i = wrap(i + 1)) {
-                   length += dist(nodes[i], nodes[wrap(i - 1)]);
-                   lengths[i] = length;
-               }
+             for (var i = 0; i < ciphertext.length; i += 16) {
+               copyArray(ciphertext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
+               block = this._aes.decrypt(block);
+               copyArray(block, plaintext, i);
+             }
 
-               length = 0;
-               for (i = wrap(idxA - 1); i !== idxA; i = wrap(i - 1)) {
-                   length += dist(nodes[i], nodes[wrap(i + 1)]);
-                   if (length < lengths[i]) {
-                       lengths[i] = length;
-                   }
-               }
+             return plaintext;
+           };
+           /**
+            *  Mode Of Operation - Cipher Block Chaining (CBC)
+            */
 
-               // determine best opposite node to split
-               for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
-                   var cost = lengths[i] / dist(nodes[idxA], nodes[i]);
-                   if (cost > best) {
-                       idxB = i;
-                       best = cost;
-                   }
-               }
 
-               return idxB;
-           }
+           var ModeOfOperationCBC = function ModeOfOperationCBC(key, iv) {
+             if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationCBC)) {
+               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
+             }
 
+             this.description = "Cipher Block Chaining";
+             this.name = "cbc";
 
-           function split(graph, wayA, newWayId) {
-               var wayB = osmWay({ id: newWayId, tags: wayA.tags });   // `wayB` is the NEW way
-               var origNodes = wayA.nodes.slice();
-               var nodesA;
-               var nodesB;
-               var isArea = wayA.isArea();
-               var isOuter = osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(wayA, graph);
+             if (!iv) {
+               iv = createArray(16);
+             } else if (iv.length != 16) {
+               throw new Error('invalid initialation vector size (must be 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
-               if (wayA.isClosed()) {
-                   var nodes = wayA.nodes.slice(0, -1);
-                   var idxA = nodes.indexOf(nodeId);
-                   var idxB = splitArea(nodes, idxA, graph);
+             this._lastCipherblock = coerceArray(iv, true);
+             this._aes = new AES(key);
+           };
 
-                   if (idxB < idxA) {
-                       nodesA = nodes.slice(idxA).concat(nodes.slice(0, idxB + 1));
-                       nodesB = nodes.slice(idxB, idxA + 1);
-                   } else {
-                       nodesA = nodes.slice(idxA, idxB + 1);
-                       nodesB = nodes.slice(idxB).concat(nodes.slice(0, idxA + 1));
-                   }
-               } else {
-                   var idx = wayA.nodes.indexOf(nodeId, 1);
-                   nodesA = wayA.nodes.slice(0, idx + 1);
-                   nodesB = wayA.nodes.slice(idx);
-               }
-
-               wayA = wayA.update({ nodes: nodesA });
-               wayB = wayB.update({ nodes: nodesB });
-
-               graph = graph.replace(wayA);
-               graph = graph.replace(wayB);
-
-               graph.parentRelations(wayA).forEach(function(relation) {
-                   var member;
-
-                   // Turn restrictions - make sure:
-                   // 1. Splitting a FROM/TO way - only `wayA` OR `wayB` remains in relation
-                   //    (whichever one is connected to the VIA node/ways)
-                   // 2. Splitting a VIA way - `wayB` remains in relation as a VIA way
-                   if (relation.hasFromViaTo()) {
-                       var f = relation.memberByRole('from');
-                       var v = relation.membersByRole('via');
-                       var t = relation.memberByRole('to');
-                       var i;
-
-                       // 1. split a FROM/TO
-                       if (f.id === wayA.id || t.id === wayA.id) {
-                           var keepB = false;
-                           if (v.length === 1 && v[0].type === 'node') {   // check via node
-                               keepB = wayB.contains(v[0].id);
-                           } else {                                        // check via way(s)
-                               for (i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
-                                   if (v[i].type === 'way') {
-                                       var wayVia = graph.hasEntity(v[i].id);
-                                       if (wayVia && utilArrayIntersection(wayB.nodes, wayVia.nodes).length) {
-                                           keepB = true;
-                                           break;
-                                       }
-                                   }
-                               }
-                           }
+           ModeOfOperationCBC.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
+             plaintext = coerceArray(plaintext);
 
-                           if (keepB) {
-                               relation = relation.replaceMember(wayA, wayB);
-                               graph = graph.replace(relation);
-                           }
+             if (plaintext.length % 16 !== 0) {
+               throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
-                       // 2. split a VIA
-                       } else {
-                           for (i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
-                               if (v[i].type === 'way' && v[i].id === wayA.id) {
-                                   member = {
-                                       id: wayB.id,
-                                       type: 'way',
-                                       role: 'via'
-                                   };
-                                   graph = actionAddMember(relation.id, member, v[i].index + 1)(graph);
-                                   break;
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
+             var ciphertext = createArray(plaintext.length);
+             var block = createArray(16);
 
-                   // All other relations (Routes, Multipolygons, etc):
-                   // 1. Both `wayA` and `wayB` remain in the relation
-                   // 2. But must be inserted as a pair (see `actionAddMember` for details)
-                   } else {
-                       if (relation === isOuter) {
-                           graph = graph.replace(relation.mergeTags(wayA.tags));
-                           graph = graph.replace(wayA.update({ tags: {} }));
-                           graph = graph.replace(wayB.update({ tags: {} }));
-                       }
+             for (var i = 0; i < plaintext.length; i += 16) {
+               copyArray(plaintext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
 
-                       member = {
-                           id: wayB.id,
-                           type: 'way',
-                           role: relation.memberById(wayA.id).role
-                       };
+               for (var j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
+                 block[j] ^= this._lastCipherblock[j];
+               }
 
-                       var insertPair = {
-                           originalID: wayA.id,
-                           insertedID: wayB.id,
-                           nodes: origNodes
-                       };
+               this._lastCipherblock = this._aes.encrypt(block);
+               copyArray(this._lastCipherblock, ciphertext, i);
+             }
 
-                       graph = actionAddMember(relation.id, member, undefined, insertPair)(graph);
-                   }
-               });
+             return ciphertext;
+           };
 
-               if (!isOuter && isArea) {
-                   var multipolygon = osmRelation({
-                       tags: Object.assign({}, wayA.tags, { type: 'multipolygon' }),
-                       members: [
-                           { id: wayA.id, role: 'outer', type: 'way' },
-                           { id: wayB.id, role: 'outer', type: 'way' }
-                       ]
-                   });
+           ModeOfOperationCBC.prototype.decrypt = function (ciphertext) {
+             ciphertext = coerceArray(ciphertext);
 
-                   graph = graph.replace(multipolygon);
-                   graph = graph.replace(wayA.update({ tags: {} }));
-                   graph = graph.replace(wayB.update({ tags: {} }));
-               }
+             if (ciphertext.length % 16 !== 0) {
+               throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
-               createdWayIDs.push(wayB.id);
+             var plaintext = createArray(ciphertext.length);
+             var block = createArray(16);
 
-               return graph;
-           }
+             for (var i = 0; i < ciphertext.length; i += 16) {
+               copyArray(ciphertext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
+               block = this._aes.decrypt(block);
 
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               var candidates = action.ways(graph);
-               createdWayIDs = [];
-               for (var i = 0; i < candidates.length; i++) {
-                   graph = split(graph, candidates[i], newWayIds && newWayIds[i]);
+               for (var j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
+                 plaintext[i + j] = block[j] ^ this._lastCipherblock[j];
                }
-               return graph;
-           };
 
-           action.getCreatedWayIDs = function() {
-               return createdWayIDs;
+               copyArray(ciphertext, this._lastCipherblock, 0, i, i + 16);
+             }
+
+             return plaintext;
            };
+           /**
+            *  Mode Of Operation - Cipher Feedback (CFB)
+            */
 
-           action.ways = function(graph) {
-               var node = graph.entity(nodeId);
-               var parents = graph.parentWays(node);
-               var hasLines = parents.some(function(parent) {
-                   return parent.geometry(graph) === 'line';
-               });
 
-               return parents.filter(function(parent) {
-                   if (_wayIDs && _wayIDs.indexOf(parent.id) === -1)
-                       return false;
+           var ModeOfOperationCFB = function ModeOfOperationCFB(key, iv, segmentSize) {
+             if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationCFB)) {
+               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
+             }
 
-                   if (!_wayIDs && hasLines && parent.geometry(graph) !== 'line')
-                       return false;
+             this.description = "Cipher Feedback";
+             this.name = "cfb";
 
-                   if (parent.isClosed()) {
-                       return true;
-                   }
+             if (!iv) {
+               iv = createArray(16);
+             } else if (iv.length != 16) {
+               throw new Error('invalid initialation vector size (must be 16 size)');
+             }
 
-                   for (var i = 1; i < parent.nodes.length - 1; i++) {
-                       if (parent.nodes[i] === nodeId) {
-                           return true;
-                       }
-                   }
+             if (!segmentSize) {
+               segmentSize = 1;
+             }
 
-                   return false;
-               });
+             this.segmentSize = segmentSize;
+             this._shiftRegister = coerceArray(iv, true);
+             this._aes = new AES(key);
            };
 
+           ModeOfOperationCFB.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
+             if (plaintext.length % this.segmentSize != 0) {
+               throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be segmentSize bytes)');
+             }
 
-           action.disabled = function(graph) {
-               var candidates = action.ways(graph);
-               if (candidates.length === 0 || (_wayIDs && _wayIDs.length !== candidates.length)) {
-                   return 'not_eligible';
-               }
-           };
-
+             var encrypted = coerceArray(plaintext, true);
+             var xorSegment;
 
-           action.limitWays = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _wayIDs;
-               _wayIDs = val;
-               return action;
-           };
+             for (var i = 0; i < encrypted.length; i += this.segmentSize) {
+               xorSegment = this._aes.encrypt(this._shiftRegister);
 
+               for (var j = 0; j < this.segmentSize; j++) {
+                 encrypted[i + j] ^= xorSegment[j];
+               } // Shift the register
 
-           return action;
-       }
 
-       function coreGraph(other, mutable) {
-           if (!(this instanceof coreGraph)) return new coreGraph(other, mutable);
+               copyArray(this._shiftRegister, this._shiftRegister, 0, this.segmentSize);
+               copyArray(encrypted, this._shiftRegister, 16 - this.segmentSize, i, i + this.segmentSize);
+             }
 
-           if (other instanceof coreGraph) {
-               var base = other.base();
-               this.entities = Object.assign(Object.create(base.entities), other.entities);
-               this._parentWays = Object.assign(Object.create(base.parentWays), other._parentWays);
-               this._parentRels = Object.assign(Object.create(base.parentRels), other._parentRels);
+             return encrypted;
+           };
 
-           } else {
-               this.entities = Object.create({});
-               this._parentWays = Object.create({});
-               this._parentRels = Object.create({});
-               this.rebase(other || [], [this]);
-           }
+           ModeOfOperationCFB.prototype.decrypt = function (ciphertext) {
+             if (ciphertext.length % this.segmentSize != 0) {
+               throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be segmentSize bytes)');
+             }
 
-           this.transients = {};
-           this._childNodes = {};
-           this.frozen = !mutable;
-       }
+             var plaintext = coerceArray(ciphertext, true);
+             var xorSegment;
 
+             for (var i = 0; i < plaintext.length; i += this.segmentSize) {
+               xorSegment = this._aes.encrypt(this._shiftRegister);
 
-       coreGraph.prototype = {
+               for (var j = 0; j < this.segmentSize; j++) {
+                 plaintext[i + j] ^= xorSegment[j];
+               } // Shift the register
 
-           hasEntity: function(id) {
-               return this.entities[id];
-           },
 
+               copyArray(this._shiftRegister, this._shiftRegister, 0, this.segmentSize);
+               copyArray(ciphertext, this._shiftRegister, 16 - this.segmentSize, i, i + this.segmentSize);
+             }
 
-           entity: function(id) {
-               var entity = this.entities[id];
+             return plaintext;
+           };
+           /**
+            *  Mode Of Operation - Output Feedback (OFB)
+            */
 
-               //https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/3973#issuecomment-307052376
-               if (!entity) {
-                   entity = this.entities.__proto__[id];  // eslint-disable-line no-proto
-               }
 
-               if (!entity) {
-                   throw new Error('entity ' + id + ' not found');
-               }
-               return entity;
-           },
+           var ModeOfOperationOFB = function ModeOfOperationOFB(key, iv) {
+             if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationOFB)) {
+               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
+             }
 
+             this.description = "Output Feedback";
+             this.name = "ofb";
 
-           geometry: function(id) {
-               return this.entity(id).geometry(this);
-           },
+             if (!iv) {
+               iv = createArray(16);
+             } else if (iv.length != 16) {
+               throw new Error('invalid initialation vector size (must be 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
+             this._lastPrecipher = coerceArray(iv, true);
+             this._lastPrecipherIndex = 16;
+             this._aes = new AES(key);
+           };
 
-           transient: function(entity, key, fn) {
-               var id = entity.id;
-               var transients = this.transients[id] || (this.transients[id] = {});
+           ModeOfOperationOFB.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
+             var encrypted = coerceArray(plaintext, true);
 
-               if (transients[key] !== undefined) {
-                   return transients[key];
+             for (var i = 0; i < encrypted.length; i++) {
+               if (this._lastPrecipherIndex === 16) {
+                 this._lastPrecipher = this._aes.encrypt(this._lastPrecipher);
+                 this._lastPrecipherIndex = 0;
                }
 
-               transients[key] = fn.call(entity);
+               encrypted[i] ^= this._lastPrecipher[this._lastPrecipherIndex++];
+             }
 
-               return transients[key];
-           },
+             return encrypted;
+           }; // Decryption is symetric
 
 
-           parentWays: function(entity) {
-               var parents = this._parentWays[entity.id];
-               var result = [];
-               if (parents) {
-                   parents.forEach(function(id) {
-                       result.push(this.entity(id));
-                   }, this);
-               }
-               return result;
-           },
+           ModeOfOperationOFB.prototype.decrypt = ModeOfOperationOFB.prototype.encrypt;
+           /**
+            *  Counter object for CTR common mode of operation
+            */
 
+           var Counter = function Counter(initialValue) {
+             if (!(this instanceof Counter)) {
+               throw Error('Counter must be instanitated with `new`');
+             } // We allow 0, but anything false-ish uses the default 1
 
-           isPoi: function(entity) {
-               var parents = this._parentWays[entity.id];
-               return !parents || parents.size === 0;
-           },
 
+             if (initialValue !== 0 && !initialValue) {
+               initialValue = 1;
+             }
 
-           isShared: function(entity) {
-               var parents = this._parentWays[entity.id];
-               return parents && parents.size > 1;
-           },
+             if (typeof initialValue === 'number') {
+               this._counter = createArray(16);
+               this.setValue(initialValue);
+             } else {
+               this.setBytes(initialValue);
+             }
+           };
 
+           Counter.prototype.setValue = function (value) {
+             if (typeof value !== 'number' || parseInt(value) != value) {
+               throw new Error('invalid counter value (must be an integer)');
+             } // We cannot safely handle numbers beyond the safe range for integers
 
-           parentRelations: function(entity) {
-               var parents = this._parentRels[entity.id];
-               var result = [];
-               if (parents) {
-                   parents.forEach(function(id) {
-                       result.push(this.entity(id));
-                   }, this);
-               }
-               return result;
-           },
 
-           parentMultipolygons: function(entity) {
-               return this.parentRelations(entity).filter(function(relation) {
-                   return relation.isMultipolygon();
-               });
-           },
+             if (value > Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) {
+               throw new Error('integer value out of safe range');
+             }
+
+             for (var index = 15; index >= 0; --index) {
+               this._counter[index] = value % 256;
+               value = parseInt(value / 256);
+             }
+           };
 
+           Counter.prototype.setBytes = function (bytes) {
+             bytes = coerceArray(bytes, true);
 
-           childNodes: function(entity) {
-               if (this._childNodes[entity.id]) return this._childNodes[entity.id];
-               if (!entity.nodes) return [];
+             if (bytes.length != 16) {
+               throw new Error('invalid counter bytes size (must be 16 bytes)');
+             }
 
-               var nodes = [];
-               for (var i = 0; i < entity.nodes.length; i++) {
-                   nodes[i] = this.entity(entity.nodes[i]);
-               }
+             this._counter = bytes;
+           };
 
-               this._childNodes[entity.id] = nodes;
-               return this._childNodes[entity.id];
-           },
+           Counter.prototype.increment = function () {
+             for (var i = 15; i >= 0; i--) {
+               if (this._counter[i] === 255) {
+                 this._counter[i] = 0;
+               } else {
+                 this._counter[i]++;
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
+           };
+           /**
+            *  Mode Of Operation - Counter (CTR)
+            */
 
 
-           base: function() {
-               return {
-                   'entities': Object.getPrototypeOf(this.entities),
-                   'parentWays': Object.getPrototypeOf(this._parentWays),
-                   'parentRels': Object.getPrototypeOf(this._parentRels)
-               };
-           },
+           var ModeOfOperationCTR = function ModeOfOperationCTR(key, counter) {
+             if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationCTR)) {
+               throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
+             }
 
+             this.description = "Counter";
+             this.name = "ctr";
 
-           // Unlike other graph methods, rebase mutates in place. This is because it
-           // is used only during the history operation that merges newly downloaded
-           // data into each state. To external consumers, it should appear as if the
-           // graph always contained the newly downloaded data.
-           rebase: function(entities, stack, force) {
-               var base = this.base();
-               var i, j, k, id;
+             if (!(counter instanceof Counter)) {
+               counter = new Counter(counter);
+             }
 
-               for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-                   var entity = entities[i];
+             this._counter = counter;
+             this._remainingCounter = null;
+             this._remainingCounterIndex = 16;
+             this._aes = new AES(key);
+           };
 
-                   if (!entity.visible || (!force && base.entities[entity.id]))
-                       continue;
+           ModeOfOperationCTR.prototype.encrypt = function (plaintext) {
+             var encrypted = coerceArray(plaintext, true);
 
-                   // Merging data into the base graph
-                   base.entities[entity.id] = entity;
-                   this._updateCalculated(undefined, entity, base.parentWays, base.parentRels);
-
-                   // Restore provisionally-deleted nodes that are discovered to have an extant parent
-                   if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                       for (j = 0; j < entity.nodes.length; j++) {
-                           id = entity.nodes[j];
-                           for (k = 1; k < stack.length; k++) {
-                               var ents = stack[k].entities;
-                               if (ents.hasOwnProperty(id) && ents[id] === undefined) {
-                                   delete ents[id];
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+             for (var i = 0; i < encrypted.length; i++) {
+               if (this._remainingCounterIndex === 16) {
+                 this._remainingCounter = this._aes.encrypt(this._counter._counter);
+                 this._remainingCounterIndex = 0;
 
-               for (i = 0; i < stack.length; i++) {
-                   stack[i]._updateRebased();
+                 this._counter.increment();
                }
-           },
 
+               encrypted[i] ^= this._remainingCounter[this._remainingCounterIndex++];
+             }
 
-           _updateRebased: function() {
-               var base = this.base();
+             return encrypted;
+           }; // Decryption is symetric
 
-               Object.keys(this._parentWays).forEach(function(child) {
-                   if (base.parentWays[child]) {
-                       base.parentWays[child].forEach(function(id) {
-                           if (!this.entities.hasOwnProperty(id)) {
-                               this._parentWays[child].add(id);
-                           }
-                       }, this);
-                   }
-               }, this);
 
-               Object.keys(this._parentRels).forEach(function(child) {
-                   if (base.parentRels[child]) {
-                       base.parentRels[child].forEach(function(id) {
-                           if (!this.entities.hasOwnProperty(id)) {
-                               this._parentRels[child].add(id);
-                           }
-                       }, this);
-                   }
-               }, this);
+           ModeOfOperationCTR.prototype.decrypt = ModeOfOperationCTR.prototype.encrypt; ///////////////////////
+           // Padding
+           // See:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2315
 
-               this.transients = {};
+           function pkcs7pad(data) {
+             data = coerceArray(data, true);
+             var padder = 16 - data.length % 16;
+             var result = createArray(data.length + padder);
+             copyArray(data, result);
 
-               // this._childNodes is not updated, under the assumption that
-               // ways are always downloaded with their child nodes.
-           },
+             for (var i = data.length; i < result.length; i++) {
+               result[i] = padder;
+             }
 
+             return result;
+           }
 
-           // Updates calculated properties (parentWays, parentRels) for the specified change
-           _updateCalculated: function(oldentity, entity, parentWays, parentRels) {
-               parentWays = parentWays || this._parentWays;
-               parentRels = parentRels || this._parentRels;
-
-               var type = entity && entity.type || oldentity && oldentity.type;
-               var removed, added, i;
-
-               if (type === 'way') {   // Update parentWays
-                   if (oldentity && entity) {
-                       removed = utilArrayDifference(oldentity.nodes, entity.nodes);
-                       added = utilArrayDifference(entity.nodes, oldentity.nodes);
-                   } else if (oldentity) {
-                       removed = oldentity.nodes;
-                       added = [];
-                   } else if (entity) {
-                       removed = [];
-                       added = entity.nodes;
-                   }
-                   for (i = 0; i < removed.length; i++) {
-                       // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
-                       parentWays[removed[i]] = new Set(parentWays[removed[i]]);
-                       parentWays[removed[i]].delete(oldentity.id);
-                   }
-                   for (i = 0; i < added.length; i++) {
-                       // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
-                       parentWays[added[i]] = new Set(parentWays[added[i]]);
-                       parentWays[added[i]].add(entity.id);
-                   }
+           function pkcs7strip(data) {
+             data = coerceArray(data, true);
 
-               } else if (type === 'relation') {   // Update parentRels
-
-                   // diff only on the IDs since the same entity can be a member multiple times with different roles
-                   var oldentityMemberIDs = oldentity ? oldentity.members.map(function(m) { return m.id; }) : [];
-                   var entityMemberIDs = entity ? entity.members.map(function(m) { return m.id; }) : [];
-
-                   if (oldentity && entity) {
-                       removed = utilArrayDifference(oldentityMemberIDs, entityMemberIDs);
-                       added = utilArrayDifference(entityMemberIDs, oldentityMemberIDs);
-                   } else if (oldentity) {
-                       removed = oldentityMemberIDs;
-                       added = [];
-                   } else if (entity) {
-                       removed = [];
-                       added = entityMemberIDs;
-                   }
-                   for (i = 0; i < removed.length; i++) {
-                       // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
-                       parentRels[removed[i]] = new Set(parentRels[removed[i]]);
-                       parentRels[removed[i]].delete(oldentity.id);
-                   }
-                   for (i = 0; i < added.length; i++) {
-                       // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
-                       parentRels[added[i]] = new Set(parentRels[added[i]]);
-                       parentRels[added[i]].add(entity.id);
-                   }
-               }
-           },
+             if (data.length < 16) {
+               throw new Error('PKCS#7 invalid length');
+             }
 
+             var padder = data[data.length - 1];
 
-           replace: function(entity) {
-               if (this.entities[entity.id] === entity) return this;
+             if (padder > 16) {
+               throw new Error('PKCS#7 padding byte out of range');
+             }
 
-               return this.update(function() {
-                   this._updateCalculated(this.entities[entity.id], entity);
-                   this.entities[entity.id] = entity;
-               });
-           },
+             var length = data.length - padder;
 
+             for (var i = 0; i < padder; i++) {
+               if (data[length + i] !== padder) {
+                 throw new Error('PKCS#7 invalid padding byte');
+               }
+             }
 
-           remove: function(entity) {
-               return this.update(function() {
-                   this._updateCalculated(entity, undefined);
-                   this.entities[entity.id] = undefined;
-               });
-           },
+             var result = createArray(length);
+             copyArray(data, result, 0, 0, length);
+             return result;
+           } ///////////////////////
+           // Exporting
+           // The block cipher
 
 
-           revert: function(id) {
-               var baseEntity = this.base().entities[id];
-               var headEntity = this.entities[id];
-               if (headEntity === baseEntity) return this;
+           var aesjs = {
+             AES: AES,
+             Counter: Counter,
+             ModeOfOperation: {
+               ecb: ModeOfOperationECB,
+               cbc: ModeOfOperationCBC,
+               cfb: ModeOfOperationCFB,
+               ofb: ModeOfOperationOFB,
+               ctr: ModeOfOperationCTR
+             },
+             utils: {
+               hex: convertHex,
+               utf8: convertUtf8
+             },
+             padding: {
+               pkcs7: {
+                 pad: pkcs7pad,
+                 strip: pkcs7strip
+               }
+             },
+             _arrayTest: {
+               coerceArray: coerceArray,
+               createArray: createArray,
+               copyArray: copyArray
+             }
+           }; // node.js
 
-               return this.update(function() {
-                   this._updateCalculated(headEntity, baseEntity);
-                   delete this.entities[id];
-               });
-           },
+           {
+             module.exports = aesjs; // RequireJS/AMD
+             // http://www.requirejs.org/docs/api.html
+             // https://github.com/amdjs/amdjs-api/wiki/AMD
+           }
+         })();
+       })(aesJs);
 
+       var aesjs = aesJs.exports;
 
-           update: function() {
-               var graph = this.frozen ? coreGraph(this, true) : this;
-               for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
-                   arguments[i].call(graph, graph);
-               }
+       // We can use keys that are 128 bits (16 bytes), 192 bits (24 bytes) or 256 bits (32 bytes).
+       // To generate a random key:  window.crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(16));
+       // This default signing key is built into iD and can be used to mask/unmask sensitive values.
 
-               if (this.frozen) graph.frozen = true;
+       var DEFAULT_128 = [250, 157, 60, 79, 142, 134, 229, 129, 138, 126, 210, 129, 29, 71, 160, 208];
+       function utilAesEncrypt(text, key) {
+         key = key || DEFAULT_128;
+         var textBytes = aesjs.utils.utf8.toBytes(text);
+         var aesCtr = new aesjs.ModeOfOperation.ctr(key);
+         var encryptedBytes = aesCtr.encrypt(textBytes);
+         var encryptedHex = aesjs.utils.hex.fromBytes(encryptedBytes);
+         return encryptedHex;
+       }
+       function utilAesDecrypt(encryptedHex, key) {
+         key = key || DEFAULT_128;
+         var encryptedBytes = aesjs.utils.hex.toBytes(encryptedHex);
+         var aesCtr = new aesjs.ModeOfOperation.ctr(key);
+         var decryptedBytes = aesCtr.decrypt(encryptedBytes);
+         var text = aesjs.utils.utf8.fromBytes(decryptedBytes);
+         return text;
+       }
 
-               return graph;
-           },
+       function utilCleanTags(tags) {
+         var out = {};
 
+         for (var k in tags) {
+           if (!k) continue;
+           var v = tags[k];
 
-           // Obliterates any existing entities
-           load: function(entities) {
-               var base = this.base();
-               this.entities = Object.create(base.entities);
+           if (v !== undefined) {
+             out[k] = cleanValue(k, v);
+           }
+         }
 
-               for (var i in entities) {
-                   this.entities[i] = entities[i];
-                   this._updateCalculated(base.entities[i], this.entities[i]);
-               }
+         return out;
 
-               return this;
+         function cleanValue(k, v) {
+           function keepSpaces(k) {
+             return /_hours|_times|:conditional$/.test(k);
            }
-       };
 
-       function osmTurn(turn) {
-           if (!(this instanceof osmTurn)) {
-               return new osmTurn(turn);
+           function skip(k) {
+             return /^(description|note|fixme)$/.test(k);
            }
-           Object.assign(this, turn);
-       }
 
+           if (skip(k)) return v;
+           var cleaned = v.split(';').map(function (s) {
+             return s.trim();
+           }).join(keepSpaces(k) ? '; ' : ';'); // The code below is not intended to validate websites and emails.
+           // It is only intended to prevent obvious copy-paste errors. (#2323)
+           // clean website- and email-like tags
 
-       function osmIntersection(graph, startVertexId, maxDistance) {
-           maxDistance = maxDistance || 30;    // in meters
-           var vgraph = coreGraph();           // virtual graph
-           var i, j, k;
+           if (k.indexOf('website') !== -1 || k.indexOf('email') !== -1 || cleaned.indexOf('http') === 0) {
+             cleaned = cleaned.replace(/[\u200B-\u200F\uFEFF]/g, ''); // strip LRM and other zero width chars
+           }
 
+           return cleaned;
+         }
+       }
 
-           function memberOfRestriction(entity) {
-               return graph.parentRelations(entity)
-                   .some(function(r) { return r.isRestriction(); });
-           }
-
-           function isRoad(way) {
-               if (way.isArea() || way.isDegenerate()) return false;
-               var roads = {
-                   'motorway': true,
-                   'motorway_link': true,
-                   'trunk': true,
-                   'trunk_link': true,
-                   'primary': true,
-                   'primary_link': true,
-                   'secondary': true,
-                   'secondary_link': true,
-                   'tertiary': true,
-                   'tertiary_link': true,
-                   'residential': true,
-                   'unclassified': true,
-                   'living_street': true,
-                   'service': true,
-                   'road': true,
-                   'track': true
-               };
-               return roads[way.tags.highway];
-           }
+       var _detected;
 
+       function utilDetect(refresh) {
+         if (_detected && !refresh) return _detected;
+         _detected = {};
+         var ua = navigator.userAgent;
+         var m = null;
+         /* Browser */
 
-           var startNode = graph.entity(startVertexId);
-           var checkVertices = [startNode];
-           var checkWays;
-           var vertices = [];
-           var vertexIds = [];
-           var vertex;
-           var ways = [];
-           var wayIds = [];
-           var way;
-           var nodes = [];
-           var node;
-           var parents = [];
-           var parent;
+         m = ua.match(/(edge)\/?\s*(\.?\d+(\.\d+)*)/i); // Edge
 
-           // `actions` will store whatever actions must be performed to satisfy
-           // preconditions for adding a turn restriction to this intersection.
-           //  - Remove any existing degenerate turn restrictions (missing from/to, etc)
-           //  - Reverse oneways so that they are drawn in the forward direction
-           //  - Split ways on key vertices
-           var actions = [];
+         if (m !== null) {
+           _detected.browser = m[1];
+           _detected.version = m[2];
+         }
 
+         if (!_detected.browser) {
+           m = ua.match(/Trident\/.*rv:([0-9]{1,}[\.0-9]{0,})/i); // IE11
 
-           // STEP 1:  walk the graph outwards from starting vertex to search
-           //  for more key vertices and ways to include in the intersection..
-
-           while (checkVertices.length) {
-               vertex = checkVertices.pop();
-
-               // check this vertex for parent ways that are roads
-               checkWays = graph.parentWays(vertex);
-               var hasWays = false;
-               for (i = 0; i < checkWays.length; i++) {
-                   way = checkWays[i];
-                   if (!isRoad(way) && !memberOfRestriction(way)) continue;
-
-                   ways.push(way);   // it's a road, or it's already in a turn restriction
-                   hasWays = true;
-
-                   // check the way's children for more key vertices
-                   nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
-                   for (j = 0; j < nodes.length; j++) {
-                       node = nodes[j];
-                       if (node === vertex) continue;                                           // same thing
-                       if (vertices.indexOf(node) !== -1) continue;                             // seen it already
-                       if (geoSphericalDistance(node.loc, startNode.loc) > maxDistance) continue;   // too far from start
-
-                       // a key vertex will have parents that are also roads
-                       var hasParents = false;
-                       parents = graph.parentWays(node);
-                       for (k = 0; k < parents.length; k++) {
-                           parent = parents[k];
-                           if (parent === way) continue;                 // same thing
-                           if (ways.indexOf(parent) !== -1) continue;    // seen it already
-                           if (!isRoad(parent)) continue;                // not a road
-                           hasParents = true;
-                           break;
-                       }
+           if (m !== null) {
+             _detected.browser = 'msie';
+             _detected.version = m[1];
+           }
+         }
 
-                       if (hasParents) {
-                           checkVertices.push(node);
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+         if (!_detected.browser) {
+           m = ua.match(/(opr)\/?\s*(\.?\d+(\.\d+)*)/i); // Opera 15+
 
-               if (hasWays) {
-                   vertices.push(vertex);
-               }
+           if (m !== null) {
+             _detected.browser = 'Opera';
+             _detected.version = m[2];
            }
+         }
 
-           vertices = utilArrayUniq(vertices);
-           ways = utilArrayUniq(ways);
+         if (!_detected.browser) {
+           m = ua.match(/(opera|chrome|safari|firefox|msie)\/?\s*(\.?\d+(\.\d+)*)/i);
 
+           if (m !== null) {
+             _detected.browser = m[1];
+             _detected.version = m[2];
+             m = ua.match(/version\/([\.\d]+)/i);
+             if (m !== null) _detected.version = m[1];
+           }
+         }
 
-           // STEP 2:  Build a virtual graph containing only the entities in the intersection..
-           // Everything done after this step should act on the virtual graph
-           // Any actions that must be performed later to the main graph go in `actions` array
-           ways.forEach(function(way) {
-               graph.childNodes(way).forEach(function(node) {
-                   vgraph = vgraph.replace(node);
-               });
+         if (!_detected.browser) {
+           _detected.browser = navigator.appName;
+           _detected.version = navigator.appVersion;
+         } // keep major.minor version only..
 
-               vgraph = vgraph.replace(way);
 
-               graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function(relation) {
-                   if (relation.isRestriction()) {
-                       if (relation.isValidRestriction(graph)) {
-                           vgraph = vgraph.replace(relation);
-                       } else if (relation.isComplete(graph)) {
-                           actions.push(actionDeleteRelation(relation.id));
-                       }
-                   }
-               });
-           });
+         _detected.version = _detected.version.split(/\W/).slice(0, 2).join('.'); // detect other browser capabilities
+         // Legacy Opera has incomplete svg style support. See #715
 
+         _detected.opera = _detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'opera' && parseFloat(_detected.version) < 15;
 
-           // STEP 3:  Force all oneways to be drawn in the forward direction
-           ways.forEach(function(w) {
-               var way = vgraph.entity(w.id);
-               if (way.tags.oneway === '-1') {
-                   var action = actionReverse(way.id, { reverseOneway: true });
-                   actions.push(action);
-                   vgraph = action(vgraph);
-               }
-           });
+         if (_detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'msie') {
+           _detected.ie = true;
+           _detected.browser = 'Internet Explorer';
+           _detected.support = parseFloat(_detected.version) >= 11;
+         } else {
+           _detected.ie = false;
+           _detected.support = true;
+         }
+
+         _detected.filedrop = window.FileReader && 'ondrop' in window;
+         _detected.download = !(_detected.ie || _detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'edge');
+         _detected.cssfilters = !(_detected.ie || _detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'edge');
+         /* Platform */
 
+         if (/Win/.test(ua)) {
+           _detected.os = 'win';
+           _detected.platform = 'Windows';
+         } else if (/Mac/.test(ua)) {
+           _detected.os = 'mac';
+           _detected.platform = 'Macintosh';
+         } else if (/X11/.test(ua) || /Linux/.test(ua)) {
+           _detected.os = 'linux';
+           _detected.platform = 'Linux';
+         } else {
+           _detected.os = 'win';
+           _detected.platform = 'Unknown';
+         }
 
-           // STEP 4:  Split ways on key vertices
-           var origCount = osmEntity.id.next.way;
-           vertices.forEach(function(v) {
-               // This is an odd way to do it, but we need to find all the ways that
-               // will be split here, then split them one at a time to ensure that these
-               // actions can be replayed on the main graph exactly in the same order.
-               // (It is unintuitive, but the order of ways returned from graph.parentWays()
-               // is arbitrary, depending on how the main graph and vgraph were built)
-               var splitAll = actionSplit(v.id);
-               if (!splitAll.disabled(vgraph)) {
-                   splitAll.ways(vgraph).forEach(function(way) {
-                       var splitOne = actionSplit(v.id).limitWays([way.id]);
-                       actions.push(splitOne);
-                       vgraph = splitOne(vgraph);
-                   });
-               }
-           });
+         _detected.isMobileWebKit = (/\b(iPad|iPhone|iPod)\b/.test(ua) || // HACK: iPadOS 13+ requests desktop sites by default by using a Mac user agent,
+         // so assume any "mac" with multitouch is actually iOS
+         navigator.platform === 'MacIntel' && 'maxTouchPoints' in navigator && navigator.maxTouchPoints > 1) && /WebKit/.test(ua) && !/Edge/.test(ua) && !window.MSStream;
+         /* Locale */
+         // An array of locales requested by the browser in priority order.
 
-           // In here is where we should also split the intersection at nearby junction.
-           //   for https://github.com/mapbox/iD-internal/issues/31
-           // nearbyVertices.forEach(function(v) {
-           // });
+         _detected.browserLocales = Array.from(new Set( // remove duplicates
+         [navigator.language].concat(navigator.languages || []).concat([// old property for backwards compatibility
+         navigator.userLanguage]) // remove any undefined values
+         .filter(Boolean)));
+         /* Host */
 
-           // Reasons why we reset the way id count here:
-           //  1. Continuity with way ids created by the splits so that we can replay
-           //     these actions later if the user decides to create a turn restriction
-           //  2. Avoids churning way ids just by hovering over a vertex
-           //     and displaying the turn restriction editor
-           osmEntity.id.next.way = origCount;
+         var loc = window.top.location;
+         var origin = loc.origin;
 
+         if (!origin) {
+           // for unpatched IE11
+           origin = loc.protocol + '//' + loc.hostname + (loc.port ? ':' + loc.port : '');
+         }
 
-           // STEP 5:  Update arrays to point to vgraph entities
-           vertexIds = vertices.map(function(v) { return v.id; });
-           vertices = [];
-           ways = [];
+         _detected.host = origin + loc.pathname;
+         return _detected;
+       }
 
-           vertexIds.forEach(function(id) {
-               var vertex = vgraph.entity(id);
-               var parents = vgraph.parentWays(vertex);
-               vertices.push(vertex);
-               ways = ways.concat(parents);
-           });
+       // Like selection.property('value', ...), but avoids no-op value sets,
+       // which can result in layout/repaint thrashing in some situations.
 
-           vertices = utilArrayUniq(vertices);
-           ways = utilArrayUniq(ways);
+       /** @returns {string} */
+       function utilGetSetValue(selection, value) {
+         function d3_selection_value(value) {
+           function valueNull() {
+             delete this.value;
+           }
 
-           vertexIds = vertices.map(function(v) { return v.id; });
-           wayIds = ways.map(function(w) { return w.id; });
+           function valueConstant() {
+             if (this.value !== value) {
+               this.value = value;
+             }
+           }
 
+           function valueFunction() {
+             var x = value.apply(this, arguments);
 
-           // STEP 6:  Update the ways with some metadata that will be useful for
-           // walking the intersection graph later and rendering turn arrows.
+             if (x === null || x === undefined) {
+               delete this.value;
+             } else if (this.value !== x) {
+               this.value = x;
+             }
+           }
 
-           function withMetadata(way, vertexIds) {
-               var __oneWay = way.isOneWay();
+           return value === null || value === undefined ? valueNull : typeof value === 'function' ? valueFunction : valueConstant;
+         }
 
-               // which affixes are key vertices?
-               var __first = (vertexIds.indexOf(way.first()) !== -1);
-               var __last = (vertexIds.indexOf(way.last()) !== -1);
+         if (arguments.length === 1) {
+           return selection.property('value');
+         }
 
-               // what roles is this way eligible for?
-               var __via = (__first && __last);
-               var __from = ((__first && !__oneWay) || __last);
-               var __to = (__first || (__last && !__oneWay));
+         return selection.each(d3_selection_value(value));
+       }
 
-               return way.update({
-                   __first:  __first,
-                   __last:  __last,
-                   __from:  __from,
-                   __via: __via,
-                   __to:  __to,
-                   __oneWay:  __oneWay
-               });
-           }
+       function utilKeybinding(namespace) {
+         var _keybindings = {};
 
-           ways = [];
-           wayIds.forEach(function(id) {
-               var way = withMetadata(vgraph.entity(id), vertexIds);
-               vgraph = vgraph.replace(way);
-               ways.push(way);
+         function testBindings(d3_event, isCapturing) {
+           var didMatch = false;
+           var bindings = Object.keys(_keybindings).map(function (id) {
+             return _keybindings[id];
            });
+           var i, binding; // Most key shortcuts will accept either lower or uppercase ('h' or 'H'),
+           // so we don't strictly match on the shift key, but we prioritize
+           // shifted keybindings first, and fallback to unshifted only if no match.
+           // (This lets us differentiate between '←'/'⇧←' or '⌘Z'/'⌘⇧Z')
+           // priority match shifted keybindings first
 
+           for (i = 0; i < bindings.length; i++) {
+             binding = bindings[i];
+             if (!binding.event.modifiers.shiftKey) continue; // no shift
 
-           // STEP 7:  Simplify - This is an iterative process where we:
-           //  1. Find trivial vertices with only 2 parents
-           //  2. trim off the leaf way from those vertices and remove from vgraph
+             if (!!binding.capture !== isCapturing) continue;
 
-           var keepGoing;
-           var removeWayIds = [];
-           var removeVertexIds = [];
-
-           do {
-               keepGoing = false;
-               checkVertices = vertexIds.slice();
+             if (matches(d3_event, binding, true)) {
+               binding.callback(d3_event);
+               didMatch = true; // match a max of one binding per event
 
-               for (i = 0; i < checkVertices.length; i++) {
-                   var vertexId = checkVertices[i];
-                   vertex = vgraph.hasEntity(vertexId);
+               break;
+             }
+           }
 
-                   if (!vertex) {
-                       if (vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId) !== -1) {
-                           vertexIds.splice(vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId), 1);   // stop checking this one
-                       }
-                       removeVertexIds.push(vertexId);
-                       continue;
-                   }
+           if (didMatch) return; // then unshifted keybindings
 
-                   parents = vgraph.parentWays(vertex);
-                   if (parents.length < 3) {
-                       if (vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId) !== -1) {
-                           vertexIds.splice(vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId), 1);   // stop checking this one
-                       }
-                   }
+           for (i = 0; i < bindings.length; i++) {
+             binding = bindings[i];
+             if (binding.event.modifiers.shiftKey) continue; // shift
 
-                   if (parents.length === 2) {     // vertex with 2 parents is trivial
-                       var a = parents[0];
-                       var b = parents[1];
-                       var aIsLeaf = a && !a.__via;
-                       var bIsLeaf = b && !b.__via;
-                       var leaf, survivor;
-
-                       if (aIsLeaf && !bIsLeaf) {
-                           leaf = a;
-                           survivor = b;
-                       } else if (!aIsLeaf && bIsLeaf) {
-                           leaf = b;
-                           survivor = a;
-                       }
+             if (!!binding.capture !== isCapturing) continue;
 
-                       if (leaf && survivor) {
-                           survivor = withMetadata(survivor, vertexIds);      // update survivor way
-                           vgraph = vgraph.replace(survivor).remove(leaf);    // update graph
-                           removeWayIds.push(leaf.id);
-                           keepGoing = true;
-                       }
-                   }
+             if (matches(d3_event, binding, false)) {
+               binding.callback(d3_event);
+               break;
+             }
+           }
 
-                   parents = vgraph.parentWays(vertex);
+           function matches(d3_event, binding, testShift) {
+             var event = d3_event;
+             var isMatch = false;
+             var tryKeyCode = true; // Prefer a match on `KeyboardEvent.key`
 
-                   if (parents.length < 2) {     // vertex is no longer a key vertex
-                       if (vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId) !== -1) {
-                           vertexIds.splice(vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId), 1);   // stop checking this one
-                       }
-                       removeVertexIds.push(vertexId);
-                       keepGoing = true;
-                   }
+             if (event.key !== undefined) {
+               tryKeyCode = event.key.charCodeAt(0) > 255; // outside ISO-Latin-1
 
-                   if (parents.length < 1) {     // vertex is no longer attached to anything
-                       vgraph = vgraph.remove(vertex);
-                   }
+               isMatch = true;
 
+               if (binding.event.key === undefined) {
+                 isMatch = false;
+               } else if (Array.isArray(binding.event.key)) {
+                 if (binding.event.key.map(function (s) {
+                   return s.toLowerCase();
+                 }).indexOf(event.key.toLowerCase()) === -1) {
+                   isMatch = false;
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 if (event.key.toLowerCase() !== binding.event.key.toLowerCase()) {
+                   isMatch = false;
+                 }
                }
-           } while (keepGoing);
+             } // Fallback match on `KeyboardEvent.keyCode`, can happen if:
+             // - browser doesn't support `KeyboardEvent.key`
+             // - `KeyboardEvent.key` is outside ISO-Latin-1 range (cyrillic?)
 
 
-           vertices = vertices
-               .filter(function(vertex) { return removeVertexIds.indexOf(vertex.id) === -1; })
-               .map(function(vertex) { return vgraph.entity(vertex.id); });
-           ways = ways
-               .filter(function(way) { return removeWayIds.indexOf(way.id) === -1; })
-               .map(function(way) { return vgraph.entity(way.id); });
+             if (!isMatch && tryKeyCode) {
+               isMatch = event.keyCode === binding.event.keyCode;
+             }
 
+             if (!isMatch) return false; // test modifier keys
 
-           // OK!  Here is our intersection..
-           var intersection = {
-               graph: vgraph,
-               actions: actions,
-               vertices: vertices,
-               ways: ways,
-           };
+             if (!(event.ctrlKey && event.altKey)) {
+               // if both are set, assume AltGr and skip it - #4096
+               if (event.ctrlKey !== binding.event.modifiers.ctrlKey) return false;
+               if (event.altKey !== binding.event.modifiers.altKey) return false;
+             }
 
+             if (event.metaKey !== binding.event.modifiers.metaKey) return false;
+             if (testShift && event.shiftKey !== binding.event.modifiers.shiftKey) return false;
+             return true;
+           }
+         }
 
+         function capture(d3_event) {
+           testBindings(d3_event, true);
+         }
 
-           // Get all the valid turns through this intersection given a starting way id.
-           // This operates on the virtual graph for everything.
-           //
-           // Basically, walk through all possible paths from starting way,
-           //   honoring the existing turn restrictions as we go (watch out for loops!)
-           //
-           // For each path found, generate and return a `osmTurn` datastructure.
-           //
-           intersection.turns = function(fromWayId, maxViaWay) {
-               if (!fromWayId) return [];
-               if (!maxViaWay) maxViaWay = 0;
-
-               var vgraph = intersection.graph;
-               var keyVertexIds = intersection.vertices.map(function(v) { return v.id; });
-
-               var start = vgraph.entity(fromWayId);
-               if (!start || !(start.__from || start.__via)) return [];
-
-               // maxViaWay=0   from-*-to              (0 vias)
-               // maxViaWay=1   from-*-via-*-to        (1 via max)
-               // maxViaWay=2   from-*-via-*-via-*-to  (2 vias max)
-               var maxPathLength = (maxViaWay * 2) + 3;
-               var turns = [];
-
-               step(start);
-               return turns;
-
-
-               // traverse the intersection graph and find all the valid paths
-               function step(entity, currPath, currRestrictions, matchedRestriction) {
-                   currPath = (currPath || []).slice();  // shallow copy
-                   if (currPath.length >= maxPathLength) return;
-                   currPath.push(entity.id);
-                   currRestrictions = (currRestrictions || []).slice();  // shallow copy
-                   var i, j;
-
-                   if (entity.type === 'node') {
-                       var parents = vgraph.parentWays(entity);
-                       var nextWays = [];
-
-                       // which ways can we step into?
-                       for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
-                           var way = parents[i];
-
-                           // if next way is a oneway incoming to this vertex, skip
-                           if (way.__oneWay && way.nodes[0] !== entity.id) continue;
-
-                           // if we have seen it before (allowing for an initial u-turn), skip
-                           if (currPath.indexOf(way.id) !== -1 && currPath.length >= 3) continue;
-
-                           // Check all "current" restrictions (where we've already walked the `FROM`)
-                           var restrict = undefined;
-                           for (j = 0; j < currRestrictions.length; j++) {
-                               var restriction = currRestrictions[j];
-                               var f = restriction.memberByRole('from');
-                               var v = restriction.membersByRole('via');
-                               var t = restriction.memberByRole('to');
-                               var isOnly = /^only_/.test(restriction.tags.restriction);
-
-                               // Does the current path match this turn restriction?
-                               var matchesFrom = (f.id === fromWayId);
-                               var matchesViaTo = false;
-                               var isAlongOnlyPath = false;
-
-                               if (t.id === way.id) {     // match TO
-
-                                   if (v.length === 1 && v[0].type === 'node') {    // match VIA node
-                                       matchesViaTo = (v[0].id === entity.id && (
-                                           (matchesFrom && currPath.length === 2) ||
-                                           (!matchesFrom && currPath.length > 2)
-                                       ));
-
-                                   } else {                                         // match all VIA ways
-                                       var pathVias = [];
-                                       for (k = 2; k < currPath.length; k +=2 ) {   // k = 2 skips FROM
-                                           pathVias.push(currPath[k]);              // (path goes way-node-way...)
-                                       }
-                                       var restrictionVias = [];
-                                       for (k = 0; k < v.length; k++) {
-                                           if (v[k].type === 'way') {
-                                               restrictionVias.push(v[k].id);
-                                           }
-                                       }
-                                       var diff = utilArrayDifference(pathVias, restrictionVias);
-                                       matchesViaTo = !diff.length;
-                                   }
-
-                               } else if (isOnly) {
-                                   for (k = 0; k < v.length; k++) {
-                                       // way doesn't match TO, but is one of the via ways along the path of an "only"
-                                       if (v[k].type === 'way' && v[k].id === way.id) {
-                                           isAlongOnlyPath = true;
-                                           break;
-                                       }
-                                   }
-                               }
-
-                               if (matchesViaTo) {
-                                   if (isOnly) {
-                                       restrict = { id: restriction.id, direct: matchesFrom, from: f.id, only: true, end: true };
-                                   } else {
-                                       restrict = { id: restriction.id, direct: matchesFrom, from: f.id, no: true, end: true };
-                                   }
-                               } else {    // indirect - caused by a different nearby restriction
-                                   if (isAlongOnlyPath) {
-                                       restrict = { id: restriction.id, direct: false, from: f.id, only: true, end: false };
-                                   } else if (isOnly) {
-                                       restrict = { id: restriction.id, direct: false, from: f.id, no: true, end: true };
-                                   }
-                               }
-
-                               // stop looking if we find a "direct" restriction (matching FROM, VIA, TO)
-                               if (restrict && restrict.direct)
-                                   break;
-                           }
+         function bubble(d3_event) {
+           var tagName = select(d3_event.target).node().tagName;
 
-                           nextWays.push({ way: way, restrict: restrict });
-                       }
+           if (tagName === 'INPUT' || tagName === 'SELECT' || tagName === 'TEXTAREA') {
+             return;
+           }
 
-                       nextWays.forEach(function(nextWay) {
-                           step(nextWay.way, currPath, currRestrictions, nextWay.restrict);
-                       });
+           testBindings(d3_event, false);
+         }
 
+         function keybinding(selection) {
+           selection = selection || select(document);
+           selection.on('keydown.capture.' + namespace, capture, true);
+           selection.on('keydown.bubble.' + namespace, bubble, false);
+           return keybinding;
+         } // was: keybinding.off()
 
-                   } else {  // entity.type === 'way'
-                       if (currPath.length >= 3) {     // this is a "complete" path..
-                           var turnPath = currPath.slice();   // shallow copy
 
-                           // an indirect restriction - only include the partial path (starting at FROM)
-                           if (matchedRestriction && matchedRestriction.direct === false) {
-                               for (i = 0; i < turnPath.length; i++) {
-                                   if (turnPath[i] === matchedRestriction.from) {
-                                       turnPath = turnPath.slice(i);
-                                       break;
-                                   }
-                               }
-                           }
+         keybinding.unbind = function (selection) {
+           _keybindings = [];
+           selection = selection || select(document);
+           selection.on('keydown.capture.' + namespace, null);
+           selection.on('keydown.bubble.' + namespace, null);
+           return keybinding;
+         };
 
-                           var turn = pathToTurn(turnPath);
-                           if (turn) {
-                               if (matchedRestriction) {
-                                   turn.restrictionID = matchedRestriction.id;
-                                   turn.no = matchedRestriction.no;
-                                   turn.only = matchedRestriction.only;
-                                   turn.direct = matchedRestriction.direct;
-                               }
-                               turns.push(osmTurn(turn));
-                           }
+         keybinding.clear = function () {
+           _keybindings = {};
+           return keybinding;
+         }; // Remove one or more keycode bindings.
 
-                           if (currPath[0] === currPath[2]) return;   // if we made a u-turn - stop here
-                       }
 
-                       if (matchedRestriction && matchedRestriction.end) return;  // don't advance any further
+         keybinding.off = function (codes, capture) {
+           var arr = utilArrayUniq([].concat(codes));
 
-                       // which nodes can we step into?
-                       var n1 = vgraph.entity(entity.first());
-                       var n2 = vgraph.entity(entity.last());
-                       var dist = geoSphericalDistance(n1.loc, n2.loc);
-                       var nextNodes = [];
+           for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+             var id = arr[i] + (capture ? '-capture' : '-bubble');
+             delete _keybindings[id];
+           }
 
-                       if (currPath.length > 1) {
-                           if (dist > maxDistance) return;   // the next node is too far
-                           if (!entity.__via) return;        // this way is a leaf / can't be a via
-                       }
+           return keybinding;
+         }; // Add one or more keycode bindings.
+
+
+         keybinding.on = function (codes, callback, capture) {
+           if (typeof callback !== 'function') {
+             return keybinding.off(codes, capture);
+           }
+
+           var arr = utilArrayUniq([].concat(codes));
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+             var id = arr[i] + (capture ? '-capture' : '-bubble');
+             var binding = {
+               id: id,
+               capture: capture,
+               callback: callback,
+               event: {
+                 key: undefined,
+                 // preferred
+                 keyCode: 0,
+                 // fallback
+                 modifiers: {
+                   shiftKey: false,
+                   ctrlKey: false,
+                   altKey: false,
+                   metaKey: false
+                 }
+               }
+             };
 
-                       if (!entity.__oneWay &&                     // bidirectional..
-                           keyVertexIds.indexOf(n1.id) !== -1 &&   // key vertex..
-                           currPath.indexOf(n1.id) === -1) {       // haven't seen it yet..
-                           nextNodes.push(n1);                     // can advance to first node
-                       }
-                       if (keyVertexIds.indexOf(n2.id) !== -1 &&   // key vertex..
-                           currPath.indexOf(n2.id) === -1) {       // haven't seen it yet..
-                           nextNodes.push(n2);                     // can advance to last node
-                       }
+             if (_keybindings[id]) {
+               console.warn('warning: duplicate keybinding for "' + id + '"'); // eslint-disable-line no-console
+             }
 
-                       nextNodes.forEach(function(nextNode) {
-                           // gather restrictions FROM this way
-                           var fromRestrictions = vgraph.parentRelations(entity).filter(function(r) {
-                               if (!r.isRestriction()) return false;
-
-                               var f = r.memberByRole('from');
-                               if (!f || f.id !== entity.id) return false;
-
-                               var isOnly = /^only_/.test(r.tags.restriction);
-                               if (!isOnly) return true;
-
-                               // `only_` restrictions only matter along the direction of the VIA - #4849
-                               var isOnlyVia = false;
-                               var v = r.membersByRole('via');
-                               if (v.length === 1 && v[0].type === 'node') {   // via node
-                                   isOnlyVia = (v[0].id === nextNode.id);
-                               } else {                                        // via way(s)
-                                   for (var i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
-                                       if (v[i].type !== 'way') continue;
-                                       var viaWay = vgraph.entity(v[i].id);
-                                       if (viaWay.first() === nextNode.id || viaWay.last() === nextNode.id) {
-                                           isOnlyVia = true;
-                                           break;
-                                       }
-                                   }
-                               }
-                               return isOnlyVia;
-                           });
+             _keybindings[id] = binding;
+             var matches = arr[i].toLowerCase().match(/(?:(?:[^+⇧⌃⌥⌘])+|[⇧⌃⌥⌘]|\+\+|^\+$)/g);
 
-                           step(nextNode, currPath, currRestrictions.concat(fromRestrictions), false);
-                       });
-                   }
-               }
+             for (var j = 0; j < matches.length; j++) {
+               // Normalise matching errors
+               if (matches[j] === '++') matches[j] = '+';
 
+               if (matches[j] in utilKeybinding.modifierCodes) {
+                 var prop = utilKeybinding.modifierProperties[utilKeybinding.modifierCodes[matches[j]]];
+                 binding.event.modifiers[prop] = true;
+               } else {
+                 binding.event.key = utilKeybinding.keys[matches[j]] || matches[j];
 
-               // assumes path is alternating way-node-way of odd length
-               function pathToTurn(path) {
-                   if (path.length < 3) return;
-                   var fromWayId, fromNodeId, fromVertexId;
-                   var toWayId, toNodeId, toVertexId;
-                   var viaWayIds, viaNodeId, isUturn;
+                 if (matches[j] in utilKeybinding.keyCodes) {
+                   binding.event.keyCode = utilKeybinding.keyCodes[matches[j]];
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-                   fromWayId = path[0];
-                   toWayId = path[path.length - 1];
+           return keybinding;
+         };
 
-                   if (path.length === 3 && fromWayId === toWayId) {  // u turn
-                       var way = vgraph.entity(fromWayId);
-                       if (way.__oneWay) return null;
+         return keybinding;
+       }
+       /*
+        * See https://github.com/keithamus/jwerty
+        */
 
-                       isUturn = true;
-                       viaNodeId = fromVertexId = toVertexId = path[1];
-                       fromNodeId = toNodeId = adjacentNode(fromWayId, viaNodeId);
+       utilKeybinding.modifierCodes = {
+         // Shift key, ⇧
+         '⇧': 16,
+         shift: 16,
+         // CTRL key, on Mac: ⌃
+         '⌃': 17,
+         ctrl: 17,
+         // ALT key, on Mac: ⌥ (Alt)
+         '⌥': 18,
+         alt: 18,
+         option: 18,
+         // META, on Mac: ⌘ (CMD), on Windows (Win), on Linux (Super)
+         '⌘': 91,
+         meta: 91,
+         cmd: 91,
+         'super': 91,
+         win: 91
+       };
+       utilKeybinding.modifierProperties = {
+         16: 'shiftKey',
+         17: 'ctrlKey',
+         18: 'altKey',
+         91: 'metaKey'
+       };
+       utilKeybinding.plusKeys = ['plus', 'ffplus', '=', 'ffequals', '≠', '±'];
+       utilKeybinding.minusKeys = ['_', '-', 'ffminus', 'dash', '–', '—'];
+       utilKeybinding.keys = {
+         // Backspace key, on Mac: ⌫ (Backspace)
+         '⌫': 'Backspace',
+         backspace: 'Backspace',
+         // Tab Key, on Mac: ⇥ (Tab), on Windows ⇥⇥
+         '⇥': 'Tab',
+         '⇆': 'Tab',
+         tab: 'Tab',
+         // Return key, ↩
+         '↩': 'Enter',
+         '↵': 'Enter',
+         '⏎': 'Enter',
+         'return': 'Enter',
+         enter: 'Enter',
+         '⌅': 'Enter',
+         // Pause/Break key
+         'pause': 'Pause',
+         'pause-break': 'Pause',
+         // Caps Lock key, ⇪
+         '⇪': 'CapsLock',
+         caps: 'CapsLock',
+         'caps-lock': 'CapsLock',
+         // Escape key, on Mac: ⎋, on Windows: Esc
+         '⎋': ['Escape', 'Esc'],
+         escape: ['Escape', 'Esc'],
+         esc: ['Escape', 'Esc'],
+         // Space key
+         space: [' ', 'Spacebar'],
+         // Page-Up key, or pgup, on Mac: ↖
+         '↖': 'PageUp',
+         pgup: 'PageUp',
+         'page-up': 'PageUp',
+         // Page-Down key, or pgdown, on Mac: ↘
+         '↘': 'PageDown',
+         pgdown: 'PageDown',
+         'page-down': 'PageDown',
+         // END key, on Mac: ⇟
+         '⇟': 'End',
+         end: 'End',
+         // HOME key, on Mac: ⇞
+         '⇞': 'Home',
+         home: 'Home',
+         // Insert key, or ins
+         ins: 'Insert',
+         insert: 'Insert',
+         // Delete key, on Mac: ⌦ (Delete)
+         '⌦': ['Delete', 'Del'],
+         del: ['Delete', 'Del'],
+         'delete': ['Delete', 'Del'],
+         // Left Arrow Key, or ←
+         '←': ['ArrowLeft', 'Left'],
+         left: ['ArrowLeft', 'Left'],
+         'arrow-left': ['ArrowLeft', 'Left'],
+         // Up Arrow Key, or ↑
+         '↑': ['ArrowUp', 'Up'],
+         up: ['ArrowUp', 'Up'],
+         'arrow-up': ['ArrowUp', 'Up'],
+         // Right Arrow Key, or →
+         '→': ['ArrowRight', 'Right'],
+         right: ['ArrowRight', 'Right'],
+         'arrow-right': ['ArrowRight', 'Right'],
+         // Up Arrow Key, or ↓
+         '↓': ['ArrowDown', 'Down'],
+         down: ['ArrowDown', 'Down'],
+         'arrow-down': ['ArrowDown', 'Down'],
+         // odities, stuff for backward compatibility (browsers and code):
+         // Num-Multiply, or *
+         '*': ['*', 'Multiply'],
+         star: ['*', 'Multiply'],
+         asterisk: ['*', 'Multiply'],
+         multiply: ['*', 'Multiply'],
+         // Num-Plus or +
+         '+': ['+', 'Add'],
+         'plus': ['+', 'Add'],
+         // Num-Subtract, or -
+         '-': ['-', 'Subtract'],
+         subtract: ['-', 'Subtract'],
+         'dash': ['-', 'Subtract'],
+         // Semicolon
+         semicolon: ';',
+         // = or equals
+         equals: '=',
+         // Comma, or ,
+         comma: ',',
+         // Period, or ., or full-stop
+         period: '.',
+         'full-stop': '.',
+         // Slash, or /, or forward-slash
+         slash: '/',
+         'forward-slash': '/',
+         // Tick, or `, or back-quote
+         tick: '`',
+         'back-quote': '`',
+         // Open bracket, or [
+         'open-bracket': '[',
+         // Back slash, or \
+         'back-slash': '\\',
+         // Close backet, or ]
+         'close-bracket': ']',
+         // Apostrophe, or Quote, or '
+         quote: '\'',
+         apostrophe: '\'',
+         // NUMPAD 0-9
+         'num-0': '0',
+         'num-1': '1',
+         'num-2': '2',
+         'num-3': '3',
+         'num-4': '4',
+         'num-5': '5',
+         'num-6': '6',
+         'num-7': '7',
+         'num-8': '8',
+         'num-9': '9',
+         // F1-F25
+         f1: 'F1',
+         f2: 'F2',
+         f3: 'F3',
+         f4: 'F4',
+         f5: 'F5',
+         f6: 'F6',
+         f7: 'F7',
+         f8: 'F8',
+         f9: 'F9',
+         f10: 'F10',
+         f11: 'F11',
+         f12: 'F12',
+         f13: 'F13',
+         f14: 'F14',
+         f15: 'F15',
+         f16: 'F16',
+         f17: 'F17',
+         f18: 'F18',
+         f19: 'F19',
+         f20: 'F20',
+         f21: 'F21',
+         f22: 'F22',
+         f23: 'F23',
+         f24: 'F24',
+         f25: 'F25'
+       };
+       utilKeybinding.keyCodes = {
+         // Backspace key, on Mac: ⌫ (Backspace)
+         '⌫': 8,
+         backspace: 8,
+         // Tab Key, on Mac: ⇥ (Tab), on Windows ⇥⇥
+         '⇥': 9,
+         '⇆': 9,
+         tab: 9,
+         // Return key, ↩
+         '↩': 13,
+         '↵': 13,
+         '⏎': 13,
+         'return': 13,
+         enter: 13,
+         '⌅': 13,
+         // Pause/Break key
+         'pause': 19,
+         'pause-break': 19,
+         // Caps Lock key, ⇪
+         '⇪': 20,
+         caps: 20,
+         'caps-lock': 20,
+         // Escape key, on Mac: ⎋, on Windows: Esc
+         '⎋': 27,
+         escape: 27,
+         esc: 27,
+         // Space key
+         space: 32,
+         // Page-Up key, or pgup, on Mac: ↖
+         '↖': 33,
+         pgup: 33,
+         'page-up': 33,
+         // Page-Down key, or pgdown, on Mac: ↘
+         '↘': 34,
+         pgdown: 34,
+         'page-down': 34,
+         // END key, on Mac: ⇟
+         '⇟': 35,
+         end: 35,
+         // HOME key, on Mac: ⇞
+         '⇞': 36,
+         home: 36,
+         // Insert key, or ins
+         ins: 45,
+         insert: 45,
+         // Delete key, on Mac: ⌦ (Delete)
+         '⌦': 46,
+         del: 46,
+         'delete': 46,
+         // Left Arrow Key, or ←
+         '←': 37,
+         left: 37,
+         'arrow-left': 37,
+         // Up Arrow Key, or ↑
+         '↑': 38,
+         up: 38,
+         'arrow-up': 38,
+         // Right Arrow Key, or →
+         '→': 39,
+         right: 39,
+         'arrow-right': 39,
+         // Up Arrow Key, or ↓
+         '↓': 40,
+         down: 40,
+         'arrow-down': 40,
+         // odities, printing characters that come out wrong:
+         // Firefox Equals
+         'ffequals': 61,
+         // Num-Multiply, or *
+         '*': 106,
+         star: 106,
+         asterisk: 106,
+         multiply: 106,
+         // Num-Plus or +
+         '+': 107,
+         'plus': 107,
+         // Num-Subtract, or -
+         '-': 109,
+         subtract: 109,
+         // Vertical Bar / Pipe
+         '|': 124,
+         // Firefox Plus
+         'ffplus': 171,
+         // Firefox Minus
+         'ffminus': 173,
+         // Semicolon
+         ';': 186,
+         semicolon: 186,
+         // = or equals
+         '=': 187,
+         'equals': 187,
+         // Comma, or ,
+         ',': 188,
+         comma: 188,
+         // Dash / Underscore key
+         'dash': 189,
+         // Period, or ., or full-stop
+         '.': 190,
+         period: 190,
+         'full-stop': 190,
+         // Slash, or /, or forward-slash
+         '/': 191,
+         slash: 191,
+         'forward-slash': 191,
+         // Tick, or `, or back-quote
+         '`': 192,
+         tick: 192,
+         'back-quote': 192,
+         // Open bracket, or [
+         '[': 219,
+         'open-bracket': 219,
+         // Back slash, or \
+         '\\': 220,
+         'back-slash': 220,
+         // Close backet, or ]
+         ']': 221,
+         'close-bracket': 221,
+         // Apostrophe, or Quote, or '
+         '\'': 222,
+         quote: 222,
+         apostrophe: 222
+       }; // NUMPAD 0-9
+
+       var i = 95,
+           n = 0;
+
+       while (++i < 106) {
+         utilKeybinding.keyCodes['num-' + n] = i;
+         ++n;
+       } // 0-9
+
+
+       i = 47;
+       n = 0;
+
+       while (++i < 58) {
+         utilKeybinding.keyCodes[n] = i;
+         ++n;
+       } // F1-F25
+
+
+       i = 111;
+       n = 1;
+
+       while (++i < 136) {
+         utilKeybinding.keyCodes['f' + n] = i;
+         ++n;
+       } // a-z
+
+
+       i = 64;
+
+       while (++i < 91) {
+         utilKeybinding.keyCodes[String.fromCharCode(i).toLowerCase()] = i;
+       }
 
-                   } else {
-                       isUturn = false;
-                       fromVertexId = path[1];
-                       fromNodeId = adjacentNode(fromWayId, fromVertexId);
-                       toVertexId = path[path.length - 2];
-                       toNodeId = adjacentNode(toWayId, toVertexId);
-
-                       if (path.length === 3) {
-                           viaNodeId = path[1];
-                       } else {
-                           viaWayIds = path.filter(function(entityId) { return entityId[0] === 'w'; });
-                           viaWayIds = viaWayIds.slice(1, viaWayIds.length - 1);  // remove first, last
-                       }
-                   }
+       function utilObjectOmit(obj, omitKeys) {
+         return Object.keys(obj).reduce(function (result, key) {
+           if (omitKeys.indexOf(key) === -1) {
+             result[key] = obj[key]; // keep
+           }
 
-                   return {
-                       key:  path.join('_'),
-                       path: path,
-                       from: { node: fromNodeId, way:  fromWayId, vertex: fromVertexId },
-                       via:  { node: viaNodeId,  ways: viaWayIds },
-                       to:   { node: toNodeId,   way:  toWayId, vertex: toVertexId },
-                       u:    isUturn
-                   };
+           return result;
+         }, {});
+       }
 
+       // Copies a variable number of methods from source to target.
+       function utilRebind(target, source) {
+         var i = 1,
+             n = arguments.length,
+             method;
 
-                   function adjacentNode(wayId, affixId) {
-                       var nodes = vgraph.entity(wayId).nodes;
-                       return affixId === nodes[0] ? nodes[1] : nodes[nodes.length - 2];
-                   }
-               }
+         while (++i < n) {
+           target[method = arguments[i]] = d3_rebind(target, source, source[method]);
+         }
 
-           };
+         return target;
+       } // Method is assumed to be a standard D3 getter-setter:
+       // If passed with no arguments, gets the value.
+       // If passed with arguments, sets the value and returns the target.
 
-           return intersection;
+       function d3_rebind(target, source, method) {
+         return function () {
+           var value = method.apply(source, arguments);
+           return value === source ? target : value;
+         };
        }
 
+       // A per-domain session mutex backed by a cookie and dead man's
+       // switch. If the session crashes, the mutex will auto-release
+       // after 5 seconds.
+       // This accepts a string and returns an object that complies with utilSessionMutexType
+       function utilSessionMutex(name) {
+         var mutex = {};
+         var intervalID;
 
-       function osmInferRestriction(graph, turn, projection) {
-           var fromWay = graph.entity(turn.from.way);
-           var fromNode = graph.entity(turn.from.node);
-           var fromVertex = graph.entity(turn.from.vertex);
-           var toWay = graph.entity(turn.to.way);
-           var toNode = graph.entity(turn.to.node);
-           var toVertex = graph.entity(turn.to.vertex);
+         function renew() {
+           var expires = new Date();
+           expires.setSeconds(expires.getSeconds() + 5);
+           document.cookie = name + '=1; expires=' + expires.toUTCString() + '; sameSite=strict';
+         }
 
-           var fromOneWay = (fromWay.tags.oneway === 'yes');
-           var toOneWay = (toWay.tags.oneway === 'yes');
-           var angle = (geoAngle(fromVertex, fromNode, projection) -
-                       geoAngle(toVertex, toNode, projection)) * 180 / Math.PI;
+         mutex.lock = function () {
+           if (intervalID) return true;
+           var cookie = document.cookie.replace(new RegExp('(?:(?:^|.*;)\\s*' + name + '\\s*\\=\\s*([^;]*).*$)|^.*$'), '$1');
+           if (cookie) return false;
+           renew();
+           intervalID = window.setInterval(renew, 4000);
+           return true;
+         };
 
-           while (angle < 0)
-               angle += 360;
+         mutex.unlock = function () {
+           if (!intervalID) return;
+           document.cookie = name + '=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; sameSite=strict';
+           clearInterval(intervalID);
+           intervalID = null;
+         };
 
-           if (fromNode === toNode)
-               return 'no_u_turn';
-           if ((angle < 23 || angle > 336) && fromOneWay && toOneWay)
-               return 'no_u_turn';   // wider tolerance for u-turn if both ways are oneway
-           if ((angle < 40 || angle > 319) && fromOneWay && toOneWay && turn.from.vertex !== turn.to.vertex)
-               return 'no_u_turn';   // even wider tolerance for u-turn if there is a via way (from !== to)
-           if (angle < 158)
-               return 'no_right_turn';
-           if (angle > 202)
-               return 'no_left_turn';
+         mutex.locked = function () {
+           return !!intervalID;
+         };
 
-           return 'no_straight_on';
+         return mutex;
        }
 
-       function actionMergePolygon(ids, newRelationId) {
+       function utilTiler() {
+         var _size = [256, 256];
+         var _scale = 256;
+         var _tileSize = 256;
+         var _zoomExtent = [0, 20];
+         var _translate = [_size[0] / 2, _size[1] / 2];
+         var _margin = 0;
+         var _skipNullIsland = false;
+
+         function clamp(num, min, max) {
+           return Math.max(min, Math.min(num, max));
+         }
 
-           function groupEntities(graph) {
-               var entities = ids.map(function (id) { return graph.entity(id); });
-               var geometryGroups = utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function(entity) {
-                   if (entity.type === 'way' && entity.isClosed()) {
-                       return 'closedWay';
-                   } else if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
-                       return 'multipolygon';
-                   } else {
-                       return 'other';
-                   }
-               });
+         function nearNullIsland(tile) {
+           var x = tile[0];
+           var y = tile[1];
+           var z = tile[2];
 
-               return Object.assign(
-                   { closedWay: [], multipolygon: [], other: [] },
-                   geometryGroups
-               );
+           if (z >= 7) {
+             var center = Math.pow(2, z - 1);
+             var width = Math.pow(2, z - 6);
+             var min = center - width / 2;
+             var max = center + width / 2 - 1;
+             return x >= min && x <= max && y >= min && y <= max;
            }
 
+           return false;
+         }
 
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               var entities = groupEntities(graph);
-
-               // An array representing all the polygons that are part of the multipolygon.
-               //
-               // Each element is itself an array of objects with an id property, and has a
-               // locs property which is an array of the locations forming the polygon.
-               var polygons = entities.multipolygon.reduce(function(polygons, m) {
-                   return polygons.concat(osmJoinWays(m.members, graph));
-               }, []).concat(entities.closedWay.map(function(d) {
-                   var member = [{id: d.id}];
-                   member.nodes = graph.childNodes(d);
-                   return member;
-               }));
+         function tiler() {
+           var z = geoScaleToZoom(_scale / (2 * Math.PI), _tileSize);
+           var z0 = clamp(Math.round(z), _zoomExtent[0], _zoomExtent[1]);
+           var tileMin = 0;
+           var tileMax = Math.pow(2, z0) - 1;
+           var log2ts = Math.log(_tileSize) * Math.LOG2E;
+           var k = Math.pow(2, z - z0 + log2ts);
+           var origin = [(_translate[0] - _scale / 2) / k, (_translate[1] - _scale / 2) / k];
+           var cols = range$1(clamp(Math.floor(-origin[0]) - _margin, tileMin, tileMax + 1), clamp(Math.ceil(_size[0] / k - origin[0]) + _margin, tileMin, tileMax + 1));
+           var rows = range$1(clamp(Math.floor(-origin[1]) - _margin, tileMin, tileMax + 1), clamp(Math.ceil(_size[1] / k - origin[1]) + _margin, tileMin, tileMax + 1));
+           var tiles = [];
 
-               // contained is an array of arrays of boolean values,
-               // where contained[j][k] is true iff the jth way is
-               // contained by the kth way.
-               var contained = polygons.map(function(w, i) {
-                   return polygons.map(function(d, n) {
-                       if (i === n) return null;
-                       return geoPolygonContainsPolygon(
-                           d.nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; }),
-                           w.nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; })
-                       );
-                   });
-               });
+           for (var i = 0; i < rows.length; i++) {
+             var y = rows[i];
 
-               // Sort all polygons as either outer or inner ways
-               var members = [];
-               var outer = true;
+             for (var j = 0; j < cols.length; j++) {
+               var x = cols[j];
 
-               while (polygons.length) {
-                   extractUncontained(polygons);
-                   polygons = polygons.filter(isContained);
-                   contained = contained.filter(isContained).map(filterContained);
+               if (i >= _margin && i <= rows.length - _margin && j >= _margin && j <= cols.length - _margin) {
+                 tiles.unshift([x, y, z0]); // tiles in view at beginning
+               } else {
+                 tiles.push([x, y, z0]); // tiles in margin at the end
                }
+             }
+           }
 
-               function isContained(d, i) {
-                   return contained[i].some(function(val) { return val; });
-               }
+           tiles.translate = origin;
+           tiles.scale = k;
+           return tiles;
+         }
+         /**
+          * getTiles() returns an array of tiles that cover the map view
+          */
 
-               function filterContained(d) {
-                   return d.filter(isContained);
-               }
 
-               function extractUncontained(polygons) {
-                   polygons.forEach(function(d, i) {
-                       if (!isContained(d, i)) {
-                           d.forEach(function(member) {
-                               members.push({
-                                   type: 'way',
-                                   id: member.id,
-                                   role: outer ? 'outer' : 'inner'
-                               });
-                           });
-                       }
-                   });
-                   outer = !outer;
+         tiler.getTiles = function (projection) {
+           var origin = [projection.scale() * Math.PI - projection.translate()[0], projection.scale() * Math.PI - projection.translate()[1]];
+           this.size(projection.clipExtent()[1]).scale(projection.scale() * 2 * Math.PI).translate(projection.translate());
+           var tiles = tiler();
+           var ts = tiles.scale;
+           return tiles.map(function (tile) {
+             if (_skipNullIsland && nearNullIsland(tile)) {
+               return false;
+             }
+
+             var x = tile[0] * ts - origin[0];
+             var y = tile[1] * ts - origin[1];
+             return {
+               id: tile.toString(),
+               xyz: tile,
+               extent: geoExtent(projection.invert([x, y + ts]), projection.invert([x + ts, y]))
+             };
+           }).filter(Boolean);
+         };
+         /**
+          * getGeoJSON() returns a FeatureCollection for debugging tiles
+          */
+
+
+         tiler.getGeoJSON = function (projection) {
+           var features = tiler.getTiles(projection).map(function (tile) {
+             return {
+               type: 'Feature',
+               properties: {
+                 id: tile.id,
+                 name: tile.id
+               },
+               geometry: {
+                 type: 'Polygon',
+                 coordinates: [tile.extent.polygon()]
                }
+             };
+           });
+           return {
+             type: 'FeatureCollection',
+             features: features
+           };
+         };
 
-               // Move all tags to one relation
-               var relation = entities.multipolygon[0] ||
-                   osmRelation({ id: newRelationId, tags: { type: 'multipolygon' }});
+         tiler.tileSize = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _tileSize;
+           _tileSize = val;
+           return tiler;
+         };
 
-               entities.multipolygon.slice(1).forEach(function(m) {
-                   relation = relation.mergeTags(m.tags);
-                   graph = graph.remove(m);
-               });
+         tiler.zoomExtent = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _zoomExtent;
+           _zoomExtent = val;
+           return tiler;
+         };
 
-               entities.closedWay.forEach(function(way) {
-                   function isThisOuter(m) {
-                       return m.id === way.id && m.role !== 'inner';
-                   }
-                   if (members.some(isThisOuter)) {
-                       relation = relation.mergeTags(way.tags);
-                       graph = graph.replace(way.update({ tags: {} }));
-                   }
-               });
+         tiler.size = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _size;
+           _size = val;
+           return tiler;
+         };
 
-               return graph.replace(relation.update({
-                   members: members,
-                   tags: utilObjectOmit(relation.tags, ['area'])
-               }));
-           };
+         tiler.scale = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _scale;
+           _scale = val;
+           return tiler;
+         };
 
+         tiler.translate = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _translate;
+           _translate = val;
+           return tiler;
+         }; // number to extend the rows/columns beyond those covering the viewport
 
-           action.disabled = function(graph) {
-               var entities = groupEntities(graph);
-               if (entities.other.length > 0 ||
-                   entities.closedWay.length + entities.multipolygon.length < 2) {
-                   return 'not_eligible';
-               }
-               if (!entities.multipolygon.every(function(r) { return r.isComplete(graph); })) {
-                   return 'incomplete_relation';
-               }
 
-               if (!entities.multipolygon.length) {
-                   var sharedMultipolygons = [];
-                   entities.closedWay.forEach(function(way, i) {
-                       if (i === 0) {
-                           sharedMultipolygons = graph.parentMultipolygons(way);
-                       } else {
-                           sharedMultipolygons = utilArrayIntersection(sharedMultipolygons, graph.parentMultipolygons(way));
-                       }
-                   });
-                   sharedMultipolygons = sharedMultipolygons.filter(function(relation) {
-                       return relation.members.length === entities.closedWay.length;
-                   });
-                   if (sharedMultipolygons.length) {
-                       // don't create a new multipolygon if it'd be redundant
-                       return 'not_eligible';
-                   }
-               } else if (entities.closedWay.some(function(way) {
-                       return utilArrayIntersection(graph.parentMultipolygons(way), entities.multipolygon).length;
-                   })) {
-                   // don't add a way to a multipolygon again if it's already a member
-                   return 'not_eligible';
-               }
-           };
+         tiler.margin = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _margin;
+           _margin = +val;
+           return tiler;
+         };
 
+         tiler.skipNullIsland = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _skipNullIsland;
+           _skipNullIsland = val;
+           return tiler;
+         };
 
-           return action;
+         return tiler;
        }
 
-       // do not edit .js files directly - edit src/index.jst
+       function utilTriggerEvent(target, type) {
+         target.each(function () {
+           var evt = document.createEvent('HTMLEvents');
+           evt.initEvent(type, true, true);
+           this.dispatchEvent(evt);
+         });
+       }
 
+       var _mainLocations = coreLocations(); // singleton
+       // `coreLocations` maintains an internal index of all the boundaries/geofences used by iD.
+       // It's used by presets, community index, background imagery, to know where in the world these things are valid.
+       // These geofences should be defined by `locationSet` objects:
+       //
+       // let locationSet = {
+       //   include: [ Array of locations ],
+       //   exclude: [ Array of locations ]
+       // };
+       //
+       // For more info see the location-conflation and country-coder projects, see:
+       // https://github.com/ideditor/location-conflation
+       // https://github.com/ideditor/country-coder
+       //
 
+       function coreLocations() {
+         var _this = {};
+         var _resolvedFeatures = {}; // cache of *resolved* locationSet features
 
-       var fastDeepEqual = function equal(a, b) {
-         if (a === b) return true;
+         var _loco = new _default(); // instance of a location-conflation resolver
 
-         if (a && b && typeof a == 'object' && typeof b == 'object') {
-           if (a.constructor !== b.constructor) return false;
 
-           var length, i, keys;
-           if (Array.isArray(a)) {
-             length = a.length;
-             if (length != b.length) return false;
-             for (i = length; i-- !== 0;)
-               if (!equal(a[i], b[i])) return false;
-             return true;
-           }
+         var _wp; // instance of a which-polygon index
+         // pre-resolve the worldwide locationSet
 
 
+         var world = {
+           locationSet: {
+             include: ['Q2']
+           }
+         };
+         resolveLocationSet(world);
+         rebuildIndex();
+         var _queue = [];
 
-           if (a.constructor === RegExp) return a.source === b.source && a.flags === b.flags;
-           if (a.valueOf !== Object.prototype.valueOf) return a.valueOf() === b.valueOf();
-           if (a.toString !== Object.prototype.toString) return a.toString() === b.toString();
+         var _deferred = new Set();
 
-           keys = Object.keys(a);
-           length = keys.length;
-           if (length !== Object.keys(b).length) return false;
+         var _inProcess; // Returns a Promise to process the queue
 
-           for (i = length; i-- !== 0;)
-             if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(b, keys[i])) return false;
 
-           for (i = length; i-- !== 0;) {
-             var key = keys[i];
+         function processQueue() {
+           if (!_queue.length) return Promise.resolve(); // console.log(`queue length ${_queue.length}`);
 
-             if (!equal(a[key], b[key])) return false;
-           }
+           var chunk = _queue.pop();
 
-           return true;
-         }
+           return new Promise(function (resolvePromise) {
+             var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+               _deferred["delete"](handle); // const t0 = performance.now();
 
-         // true if both NaN, false otherwise
-         return a!==a && b!==b;
-       };
 
-       // Text diff algorithm following Hunt and McIlroy 1976.
-       // J. W. Hunt and M. D. McIlroy, An algorithm for differential buffer
-       // comparison, Bell Telephone Laboratories CSTR #41 (1976)
-       // http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~doug/
-       // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_common_subsequence_problem
-       //
-       // Expects two arrays, finds longest common sequence
-       function LCS(buffer1, buffer2) {
+               chunk.forEach(resolveLocationSet); // const t1 = performance.now();
+               // console.log('chunk processed in ' + (t1 - t0) + ' ms');
 
-         let equivalenceClasses = {};
-         for (let j = 0; j < buffer2.length; j++) {
-           const item = buffer2[j];
-           if (equivalenceClasses[item]) {
-             equivalenceClasses[item].push(j);
-           } else {
-             equivalenceClasses[item] = [j];
-           }
-         }
+               resolvePromise();
+             });
 
-         const NULLRESULT = { buffer1index: -1, buffer2index: -1, chain: null };
-         let candidates = [NULLRESULT];
+             _deferred.add(handle);
+           }).then(function () {
+             return processQueue();
+           });
+         } // Pass an Object with a `locationSet` property,
+         // Performs the locationSet resolution, caches the result, and sets a `locationSetID` property on the object.
 
-         for (let i = 0; i < buffer1.length; i++) {
-           const item = buffer1[i];
-           const buffer2indices = equivalenceClasses[item] || [];
-           let r = 0;
-           let c = candidates[0];
 
-           for (let jx = 0; jx < buffer2indices.length; jx++) {
-             const j = buffer2indices[jx];
+         function resolveLocationSet(obj) {
+           if (obj.locationSetID) return; // work was done already
 
-             let s;
-             for (s = r; s < candidates.length; s++) {
-               if ((candidates[s].buffer2index < j) && ((s === candidates.length - 1) || (candidates[s + 1].buffer2index > j))) {
-                 break;
-               }
+           try {
+             var locationSet = obj.locationSet;
+
+             if (!locationSet) {
+               throw new Error('object missing locationSet property');
              }
 
-             if (s < candidates.length) {
-               const newCandidate = { buffer1index: i, buffer2index: j, chain: candidates[s] };
-               if (r === candidates.length) {
-                 candidates.push(c);
-               } else {
-                 candidates[r] = c;
-               }
-               r = s + 1;
-               c = newCandidate;
-               if (r === candidates.length) {
-                 break; // no point in examining further (j)s
-               }
+             if (!locationSet.include) {
+               // missing `include`, default to worldwide include
+               locationSet.include = ['Q2']; // https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/pull/8305#discussion_r662344647
              }
-           }
 
-           candidates[r] = c;
-         }
+             var resolved = _loco.resolveLocationSet(locationSet);
 
-         // At this point, we know the LCS: it's in the reverse of the
-         // linked-list through .chain of candidates[candidates.length - 1].
+             var locationSetID = resolved.id;
+             obj.locationSetID = locationSetID;
 
-         return candidates[candidates.length - 1];
-       }
+             if (!resolved.feature.geometry.coordinates.length || !resolved.feature.properties.area) {
+               throw new Error("locationSet ".concat(locationSetID, " resolves to an empty feature."));
+             }
 
+             if (!_resolvedFeatures[locationSetID]) {
+               // First time seeing this locationSet feature
+               var feature = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(resolved.feature)); // deep clone
 
-       // We apply the LCS to give a simple representation of the
-       // offsets and lengths of mismatched chunks in the input
-       // buffers. This is used by diff3MergeRegions.
-       function diffIndices(buffer1, buffer2) {
-         const lcs = LCS(buffer1, buffer2);
-         let result = [];
-         let tail1 = buffer1.length;
-         let tail2 = buffer2.length;
-
-         for (let candidate = lcs; candidate !== null; candidate = candidate.chain) {
-           const mismatchLength1 = tail1 - candidate.buffer1index - 1;
-           const mismatchLength2 = tail2 - candidate.buffer2index - 1;
-           tail1 = candidate.buffer1index;
-           tail2 = candidate.buffer2index;
+               feature.id = locationSetID; // Important: always use the locationSet `id` (`+[Q30]`), not the feature `id` (`Q30`)
 
-           if (mismatchLength1 || mismatchLength2) {
-             result.push({
-               buffer1: [tail1 + 1, mismatchLength1],
-               buffer1Content: buffer1.slice(tail1 + 1, tail1 + 1 + mismatchLength1),
-               buffer2: [tail2 + 1, mismatchLength2],
-               buffer2Content: buffer2.slice(tail2 + 1, tail2 + 1 + mismatchLength2)
-             });
+               feature.properties.id = locationSetID;
+               _resolvedFeatures[locationSetID] = feature; // insert into cache
+             }
+           } catch (err) {
+             obj.locationSet = {
+               include: ['Q2']
+             }; // default worldwide
+
+             obj.locationSetID = '+[Q2]';
            }
-         }
+         } // Rebuilds the whichPolygon index with whatever features have been resolved.
 
-         result.reverse();
-         return result;
-       }
 
+         function rebuildIndex() {
+           _wp = whichPolygon_1({
+             features: Object.values(_resolvedFeatures)
+           });
+         } //
+         // `mergeCustomGeoJSON`
+         //  Accepts an FeatureCollection-like object containing custom locations
+         //  Each feature must have a filename-like `id`, for example: `something.geojson`
+         //
+         //  {
+         //    "type": "FeatureCollection"
+         //    "features": [
+         //      {
+         //        "type": "Feature",
+         //        "id": "philly_metro.geojson",
+         //        "properties": { … },
+         //        "geometry": { … }
+         //      }
+         //    ]
+         //  }
+         //
 
-       // Given three buffers, A, O, and B, where both A and B are
-       // independently derived from O, returns a fairly complicated
-       // internal representation of merge decisions it's taken. The
-       // interested reader may wish to consult
-       //
-       // Sanjeev Khanna, Keshav Kunal, and Benjamin C. Pierce.
-       // 'A Formal Investigation of ' In Arvind and Prasad,
-       // editors, Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical
-       // Computer Science (FSTTCS), December 2007.
-       //
-       // (http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bcpierce/papers/diff3-short.pdf)
-       //
-       function diff3MergeRegions(a, o, b) {
 
-         // "hunks" are array subsets where `a` or `b` are different from `o`
-         // https://www.gnu.org/software/diffutils/manual/html_node/diff3-Hunks.html
-         let hunks = [];
-         function addHunk(h, ab) {
-           hunks.push({
-             ab: ab,
-             oStart: h.buffer1[0],
-             oLength: h.buffer1[1],   // length of o to remove
-             abStart: h.buffer2[0],
-             abLength: h.buffer2[1]   // length of a/b to insert
-             // abContent: (ab === 'a' ? a : b).slice(h.buffer2[0], h.buffer2[0] + h.buffer2[1])
-           });
-         }
+         _this.mergeCustomGeoJSON = function (fc) {
+           if (fc && fc.type === 'FeatureCollection' && Array.isArray(fc.features)) {
+             fc.features.forEach(function (feature) {
+               feature.properties = feature.properties || {};
+               var props = feature.properties; // Get `id` from either `id` or `properties`
 
-         diffIndices(o, a).forEach(item => addHunk(item, 'a'));
-         diffIndices(o, b).forEach(item => addHunk(item, 'b'));
-         hunks.sort((x,y) => x.oStart - y.oStart);
+               var id = feature.id || props.id;
+               if (!id || !/^\S+\.geojson$/i.test(id)) return; // Ensure `id` exists and is lowercase
 
-         let results = [];
-         let currOffset = 0;
+               id = id.toLowerCase();
+               feature.id = id;
+               props.id = id; // Ensure `area` property exists
 
-         function advanceTo(endOffset) {
-           if (endOffset > currOffset) {
-             results.push({
-               stable: true,
-               buffer: 'o',
-               bufferStart: currOffset,
-               bufferLength: endOffset - currOffset,
-               bufferContent: o.slice(currOffset, endOffset)
+               if (!props.area) {
+                 var area = geojsonArea.geometry(feature.geometry) / 1e6; // m² to km²
+
+                 props.area = Number(area.toFixed(2));
+               }
+
+               _loco._cache[id] = feature;
              });
-             currOffset = endOffset;
            }
-         }
+         }; //
+         // `mergeLocationSets`
+         //  Accepts an Array of Objects containing `locationSet` properties.
+         //  The locationSets will be resolved and indexed in the background.
+         //  [
+         //   { id: 'preset1', locationSet: {…} },
+         //   { id: 'preset2', locationSet: {…} },
+         //   { id: 'preset3', locationSet: {…} },
+         //   …
+         //  ]
+         //  After resolving and indexing, the Objects will be decorated with a
+         //  `locationSetID` property.
+         //  [
+         //   { id: 'preset1', locationSet: {…}, locationSetID: '+[Q2]' },
+         //   { id: 'preset2', locationSet: {…}, locationSetID: '+[Q30]' },
+         //   { id: 'preset3', locationSet: {…}, locationSetID: '+[Q2]' },
+         //   …
+         //  ]
+         //
+         //  Returns a Promise fulfilled when the resolving/indexing has been completed
+         //  This will take some seconds but happen in the background during browser idle time.
+         //
 
-         while (hunks.length) {
-           let hunk = hunks.shift();
-           let regionStart = hunk.oStart;
-           let regionEnd = hunk.oStart + hunk.oLength;
-           let regionHunks = [hunk];
-           advanceTo(regionStart);
 
-           // Try to pull next overlapping hunk into this region
-           while (hunks.length) {
-             const nextHunk = hunks[0];
-             const nextHunkStart = nextHunk.oStart;
-             if (nextHunkStart > regionEnd) break;   // no overlap
+         _this.mergeLocationSets = function (objects) {
+           if (!Array.isArray(objects)) return Promise.reject('nothing to do'); // Resolve all locationSets -> geojson, processing data in chunks
+           //
+           // Because this will happen during idle callbacks, we want to choose a chunk size
+           // that won't make the browser stutter too badly.  LocationSets that are a simple
+           // country coder include will resolve instantly, but ones that involve complex
+           // include/exclude operations will take some milliseconds longer.
+           //
+           // Some discussion and performance results on these tickets:
+           // https://github.com/ideditor/location-conflation/issues/26
+           // https://github.com/osmlab/name-suggestion-index/issues/4784#issuecomment-742003434
 
-             regionEnd = Math.max(regionEnd, nextHunkStart + nextHunk.oLength);
-             regionHunks.push(hunks.shift());
+           _queue = _queue.concat(utilArrayChunk(objects, 200));
+
+           if (!_inProcess) {
+             _inProcess = processQueue().then(function () {
+               rebuildIndex();
+               _inProcess = null;
+               return objects;
+             });
            }
 
-           if (regionHunks.length === 1) {
-             // Only one hunk touches this region, meaning that there is no conflict here.
-             // Either `a` or `b` is inserting into a region of `o` unchanged by the other.
-             if (hunk.abLength > 0) {
-               const buffer = (hunk.ab === 'a' ? a : b);
-               results.push({
-                 stable: true,
-                 buffer: hunk.ab,
-                 bufferStart: hunk.abStart,
-                 bufferLength: hunk.abLength,
-                 bufferContent: buffer.slice(hunk.abStart, hunk.abStart + hunk.abLength)
-               });
-             }
-           } else {
-             // A true a/b conflict. Determine the bounds involved from `a`, `o`, and `b`.
-             // Effectively merge all the `a` hunks into one giant hunk, then do the
-             // same for the `b` hunks; then, correct for skew in the regions of `o`
-             // that each side changed, and report appropriate spans for the three sides.
-             let bounds = {
-               a: [a.length, -1, o.length, -1],
-               b: [b.length, -1, o.length, -1]
-             };
-             while (regionHunks.length) {
-               hunk = regionHunks.shift();
-               const oStart = hunk.oStart;
-               const oEnd = oStart + hunk.oLength;
-               const abStart = hunk.abStart;
-               const abEnd = abStart + hunk.abLength;
-               let b = bounds[hunk.ab];
-               b[0] = Math.min(abStart, b[0]);
-               b[1] = Math.max(abEnd, b[1]);
-               b[2] = Math.min(oStart, b[2]);
-               b[3] = Math.max(oEnd, b[3]);
-             }
-
-             const aStart = bounds.a[0] + (regionStart - bounds.a[2]);
-             const aEnd = bounds.a[1] + (regionEnd - bounds.a[3]);
-             const bStart = bounds.b[0] + (regionStart - bounds.b[2]);
-             const bEnd = bounds.b[1] + (regionEnd - bounds.b[3]);
-
-             let result = {
-               stable: false,
-               aStart: aStart,
-               aLength: aEnd - aStart,
-               aContent: a.slice(aStart, aEnd),
-               oStart: regionStart,
-               oLength: regionEnd - regionStart,
-               oContent: o.slice(regionStart, regionEnd),
-               bStart: bStart,
-               bLength: bEnd - bStart,
-               bContent: b.slice(bStart, bEnd)
-             };
-             results.push(result);
+           return _inProcess;
+         }; //
+         // `locationSetID`
+         // Returns a locationSetID for a given locationSet (fallback to `+[Q2]`, world)
+         // (The locationset doesn't necessarily need to be resolved to compute its `id`)
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `locationSet`: A locationSet, e.g. `{ include: ['us'] }`
+         // Returns
+         //   The locationSetID, e.g. `+[Q30]`
+         //
+
+
+         _this.locationSetID = function (locationSet) {
+           var locationSetID;
+
+           try {
+             locationSetID = _loco.validateLocationSet(locationSet).id;
+           } catch (err) {
+             locationSetID = '+[Q2]'; // the world
            }
-           currOffset = regionEnd;
-         }
 
-         advanceTo(o.length);
+           return locationSetID;
+         }; //
+         // `feature`
+         // Returns the resolved GeoJSON feature for a given locationSetID (fallback to 'world')
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `locationSetID`: id of the form like `+[Q30]`  (United States)
+         // Returns
+         //   A GeoJSON feature:
+         //   {
+         //     type: 'Feature',
+         //     id: '+[Q30]',
+         //     properties: { id: '+[Q30]', area: 21817019.17, … },
+         //     geometry: { … }
+         //   }
 
-         return results;
-       }
 
+         _this.feature = function (locationSetID) {
+           return _resolvedFeatures[locationSetID] || _resolvedFeatures['+[Q2]'];
+         }; //
+         // `locationsAt`
+         // Find all the resolved locationSets valid at the given location.
+         // Results include the area (in km²) to facilitate sorting.
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `loc`: the [lon,lat] location to query, e.g. `[-74.4813, 40.7967]`
+         // Returns
+         //   Object of locationSetIDs to areas (in km²)
+         //   {
+         //     "+[Q2]": 511207893.3958111,
+         //     "+[Q30]": 21817019.17,
+         //     "+[new_jersey.geojson]": 22390.77,
+         //     …
+         //   }
+         //
 
-       // Applies the output of diff3MergeRegions to actually
-       // construct the merged buffer; the returned result alternates
-       // between 'ok' and 'conflict' blocks.
-       // A "false conflict" is where `a` and `b` both change the same from `o`
-       function diff3Merge(a, o, b, options) {
-         let defaults = {
-           excludeFalseConflicts: true,
-           stringSeparator: /\s+/
+
+         _this.locationsAt = function (loc) {
+           var result = {};
+           (_wp(loc, true) || []).forEach(function (prop) {
+             return result[prop.id] = prop.area;
+           });
+           return result;
+         }; //
+         // `query`
+         // Execute a query directly against which-polygon
+         // https://github.com/mapbox/which-polygon
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `loc`: the [lon,lat] location to query,
+         //   `multi`: `true` to return all results, `false` to return first result
+         // Returns
+         //   Array of GeoJSON *properties* for the locationSet features that exist at `loc`
+         //
+
+
+         _this.query = function (loc, multi) {
+           return _wp(loc, multi);
+         }; // Direct access to the location-conflation resolver
+
+
+         _this.loco = function () {
+           return _loco;
+         }; // Direct access to the which-polygon index
+
+
+         _this.wp = function () {
+           return _wp;
          };
-         options = Object.assign(defaults, options);
 
-         const aString = (typeof a === 'string');
-         const oString = (typeof o === 'string');
-         const bString = (typeof b === 'string');
+         return _this;
+       }
 
-         if (aString) a = a.split(options.stringSeparator);
-         if (oString) o = o.split(options.stringSeparator);
-         if (bString) b = b.split(options.stringSeparator);
+       var $$h = _export;
+       var $findIndex = arrayIteration.findIndex;
+       var addToUnscopables$1 = addToUnscopables$6;
 
-         let results = [];
-         const regions = diff3MergeRegions(a, o, b);
+       var FIND_INDEX = 'findIndex';
+       var SKIPS_HOLES = true;
 
-         let okBuffer = [];
-         function flushOk() {
-           if (okBuffer.length) {
-             results.push({ ok: okBuffer });
-           }
-           okBuffer = [];
+       // Shouldn't skip holes
+       if (FIND_INDEX in []) Array(1)[FIND_INDEX](function () { SKIPS_HOLES = false; });
+
+       // `Array.prototype.findIndex` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.findindex
+       $$h({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: SKIPS_HOLES }, {
+         findIndex: function findIndex(callbackfn /* , that = undefined */) {
+           return $findIndex(this, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
          }
+       });
 
-         function isFalseConflict(a, b) {
-           if (a.length !== b.length) return false;
-           for (let i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
-             if (a[i] !== b[i]) return false;
-           }
-           return true;
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
+       addToUnscopables$1(FIND_INDEX);
+
+       var global$5 = global$1o;
+       var isRegExp = isRegexp;
+
+       var TypeError$3 = global$5.TypeError;
+
+       var notARegexp = function (it) {
+         if (isRegExp(it)) {
+           throw TypeError$3("The method doesn't accept regular expressions");
+         } return it;
+       };
+
+       var wellKnownSymbol = wellKnownSymbol$t;
+
+       var MATCH = wellKnownSymbol('match');
+
+       var correctIsRegexpLogic = function (METHOD_NAME) {
+         var regexp = /./;
+         try {
+           '/./'[METHOD_NAME](regexp);
+         } catch (error1) {
+           try {
+             regexp[MATCH] = false;
+             return '/./'[METHOD_NAME](regexp);
+           } catch (error2) { /* empty */ }
+         } return false;
+       };
+
+       var $$g = _export;
+       var uncurryThis$7 = functionUncurryThis;
+       var notARegExp$2 = notARegexp;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$3 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var toString$4 = toString$k;
+       var correctIsRegExpLogic$2 = correctIsRegexpLogic;
+
+       var stringIndexOf = uncurryThis$7(''.indexOf);
+
+       // `String.prototype.includes` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.includes
+       $$g({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: !correctIsRegExpLogic$2('includes') }, {
+         includes: function includes(searchString /* , position = 0 */) {
+           return !!~stringIndexOf(
+             toString$4(requireObjectCoercible$3(this)),
+             toString$4(notARegExp$2(searchString)),
+             arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined
+           );
          }
+       });
 
-         regions.forEach(region =>  {
-           if (region.stable) {
-             okBuffer.push(...region.bufferContent);
-           } else {
-             if (options.excludeFalseConflicts && isFalseConflict(region.aContent, region.bContent)) {
-               okBuffer.push(...region.aContent);
-             } else {
-               flushOk();
-               results.push({
-                 conflict: {
-                   a: region.aContent,
-                   aIndex: region.aStart,
-                   o: region.oContent,
-                   oIndex: region.oStart,
-                   b: region.bContent,
-                   bIndex: region.bStart
-                 }
-               });
-             }
-           }
-         });
+       /** Detect free variable `global` from Node.js. */
+       var freeGlobal = (typeof global === "undefined" ? "undefined" : _typeof(global)) == 'object' && global && global.Object === Object && global;
 
-         flushOk();
-         return results;
-       }
+       /** Detect free variable `self`. */
 
-       function actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, discardTags, formatUser) {
-           discardTags = discardTags || {};
-           var _option = 'safe';  // 'safe', 'force_local', 'force_remote'
-           var _conflicts = [];
+       var freeSelf = (typeof self === "undefined" ? "undefined" : _typeof(self)) == 'object' && self && self.Object === Object && self;
+       /** Used as a reference to the global object. */
 
+       var root = freeGlobal || freeSelf || Function('return this')();
 
-           function user(d) {
-               return (typeof formatUser === 'function') ? formatUser(d) : d;
-           }
+       /** Built-in value references. */
 
+       var _Symbol = root.Symbol;
 
-           function mergeLocation(remote, target) {
-               function pointEqual(a, b) {
-                   var epsilon = 1e-6;
-                   return (Math.abs(a[0] - b[0]) < epsilon) && (Math.abs(a[1] - b[1]) < epsilon);
-               }
+       /** Used for built-in method references. */
 
-               if (_option === 'force_local' || pointEqual(target.loc, remote.loc)) {
-                   return target;
-               }
-               if (_option === 'force_remote') {
-                   return target.update({loc: remote.loc});
-               }
+       var objectProto$1 = Object.prototype;
+       /** Used to check objects for own properties. */
 
-               _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.location', { user: user(remote.user) }));
-               return target;
-           }
+       var hasOwnProperty$2 = objectProto$1.hasOwnProperty;
+       /**
+        * Used to resolve the
+        * [`toStringTag`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-object.prototype.tostring)
+        * of values.
+        */
+
+       var nativeObjectToString$1 = objectProto$1.toString;
+       /** Built-in value references. */
 
+       var symToStringTag$1 = _Symbol ? _Symbol.toStringTag : undefined;
+       /**
+        * A specialized version of `baseGetTag` which ignores `Symbol.toStringTag` values.
+        *
+        * @private
+        * @param {*} value The value to query.
+        * @returns {string} Returns the raw `toStringTag`.
+        */
 
-           function mergeNodes(base, remote, target) {
-               if (_option === 'force_local' || fastDeepEqual(target.nodes, remote.nodes)) {
-                   return target;
-               }
-               if (_option === 'force_remote') {
-                   return target.update({nodes: remote.nodes});
-               }
+       function getRawTag(value) {
+         var isOwn = hasOwnProperty$2.call(value, symToStringTag$1),
+             tag = value[symToStringTag$1];
 
-               var ccount = _conflicts.length;
-               var o = base.nodes || [];
-               var a = target.nodes || [];
-               var b = remote.nodes || [];
-               var nodes = [];
-               var hunks = diff3Merge(a, o, b, { excludeFalseConflicts: true });
+         try {
+           value[symToStringTag$1] = undefined;
+           var unmasked = true;
+         } catch (e) {}
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < hunks.length; i++) {
-                   var hunk = hunks[i];
-                   if (hunk.ok) {
-                       nodes.push.apply(nodes, hunk.ok);
-                   } else {
-                       // for all conflicts, we can assume c.a !== c.b
-                       // because `diff3Merge` called with `true` option to exclude false conflicts..
-                       var c = hunk.conflict;
-                       if (fastDeepEqual(c.o, c.a)) {  // only changed remotely
-                           nodes.push.apply(nodes, c.b);
-                       } else if (fastDeepEqual(c.o, c.b)) {  // only changed locally
-                           nodes.push.apply(nodes, c.a);
-                       } else {       // changed both locally and remotely
-                           _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.nodelist', { user: user(remote.user) }));
-                           break;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+         var result = nativeObjectToString$1.call(value);
 
-               return (_conflicts.length === ccount) ? target.update({nodes: nodes}) : target;
+         if (unmasked) {
+           if (isOwn) {
+             value[symToStringTag$1] = tag;
+           } else {
+             delete value[symToStringTag$1];
            }
+         }
 
+         return result;
+       }
 
-           function mergeChildren(targetWay, children, updates, graph) {
-               function isUsed(node, targetWay) {
-                   var hasInterestingParent = graph.parentWays(node)
-                       .some(function(way) { return way.id !== targetWay.id; });
+       /** Used for built-in method references. */
+       var objectProto = Object.prototype;
+       /**
+        * Used to resolve the
+        * [`toStringTag`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-object.prototype.tostring)
+        * of values.
+        */
 
-                   return node.hasInterestingTags() ||
-                       hasInterestingParent ||
-                       graph.parentRelations(node).length > 0;
-               }
+       var nativeObjectToString = objectProto.toString;
+       /**
+        * Converts `value` to a string using `Object.prototype.toString`.
+        *
+        * @private
+        * @param {*} value The value to convert.
+        * @returns {string} Returns the converted string.
+        */
 
-               var ccount = _conflicts.length;
+       function objectToString(value) {
+         return nativeObjectToString.call(value);
+       }
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
-                   var id = children[i];
-                   var node = graph.hasEntity(id);
+       /** `Object#toString` result references. */
 
-                   // remove unused childNodes..
-                   if (targetWay.nodes.indexOf(id) === -1) {
-                       if (node && !isUsed(node, targetWay)) {
-                           updates.removeIds.push(id);
-                       }
-                       continue;
-                   }
+       var nullTag = '[object Null]',
+           undefinedTag = '[object Undefined]';
+       /** Built-in value references. */
 
-                   // restore used childNodes..
-                   var local = localGraph.hasEntity(id);
-                   var remote = remoteGraph.hasEntity(id);
-                   var target;
+       var symToStringTag = _Symbol ? _Symbol.toStringTag : undefined;
+       /**
+        * The base implementation of `getTag` without fallbacks for buggy environments.
+        *
+        * @private
+        * @param {*} value The value to query.
+        * @returns {string} Returns the `toStringTag`.
+        */
 
-                   if (_option === 'force_remote' && remote && remote.visible) {
-                       updates.replacements.push(remote);
+       function baseGetTag(value) {
+         if (value == null) {
+           return value === undefined ? undefinedTag : nullTag;
+         }
 
-                   } else if (_option === 'force_local' && local) {
-                       target = osmEntity(local);
-                       if (remote) {
-                           target = target.update({ version: remote.version });
-                       }
-                       updates.replacements.push(target);
+         return symToStringTag && symToStringTag in Object(value) ? getRawTag(value) : objectToString(value);
+       }
 
-                   } else if (_option === 'safe' && local && remote && local.version !== remote.version) {
-                       target = osmEntity(local, { version: remote.version });
-                       if (remote.visible) {
-                           target = mergeLocation(remote, target);
-                       } else {
-                           _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.deleted', { user: user(remote.user) }));
-                       }
+       /**
+        * Checks if `value` is object-like. A value is object-like if it's not `null`
+        * and has a `typeof` result of "object".
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 4.0.0
+        * @category Lang
+        * @param {*} value The value to check.
+        * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is object-like, else `false`.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * _.isObjectLike({});
+        * // => true
+        *
+        * _.isObjectLike([1, 2, 3]);
+        * // => true
+        *
+        * _.isObjectLike(_.noop);
+        * // => false
+        *
+        * _.isObjectLike(null);
+        * // => false
+        */
+       function isObjectLike(value) {
+         return value != null && _typeof(value) == 'object';
+       }
 
-                       if (_conflicts.length !== ccount) break;
-                       updates.replacements.push(target);
-                   }
-               }
+       /** `Object#toString` result references. */
 
-               return targetWay;
-           }
+       var symbolTag = '[object Symbol]';
+       /**
+        * Checks if `value` is classified as a `Symbol` primitive or object.
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 4.0.0
+        * @category Lang
+        * @param {*} value The value to check.
+        * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a symbol, else `false`.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * _.isSymbol(Symbol.iterator);
+        * // => true
+        *
+        * _.isSymbol('abc');
+        * // => false
+        */
 
+       function isSymbol(value) {
+         return _typeof(value) == 'symbol' || isObjectLike(value) && baseGetTag(value) == symbolTag;
+       }
 
-           function updateChildren(updates, graph) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < updates.replacements.length; i++) {
-                   graph = graph.replace(updates.replacements[i]);
-               }
-               if (updates.removeIds.length) {
-                   graph = actionDeleteMultiple(updates.removeIds)(graph);
-               }
-               return graph;
-           }
+       /**
+        * A specialized version of `_.map` for arrays without support for iteratee
+        * shorthands.
+        *
+        * @private
+        * @param {Array} [array] The array to iterate over.
+        * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+        * @returns {Array} Returns the new mapped array.
+        */
+       function arrayMap(array, iteratee) {
+         var index = -1,
+             length = array == null ? 0 : array.length,
+             result = Array(length);
 
+         while (++index < length) {
+           result[index] = iteratee(array[index], index, array);
+         }
 
-           function mergeMembers(remote, target) {
-               if (_option === 'force_local' || fastDeepEqual(target.members, remote.members)) {
-                   return target;
-               }
-               if (_option === 'force_remote') {
-                   return target.update({members: remote.members});
-               }
+         return result;
+       }
 
-               _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.memberlist', { user: user(remote.user) }));
-               return target;
-           }
+       /**
+        * Checks if `value` is classified as an `Array` object.
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 0.1.0
+        * @category Lang
+        * @param {*} value The value to check.
+        * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an array, else `false`.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * _.isArray([1, 2, 3]);
+        * // => true
+        *
+        * _.isArray(document.body.children);
+        * // => false
+        *
+        * _.isArray('abc');
+        * // => false
+        *
+        * _.isArray(_.noop);
+        * // => false
+        */
+       var isArray$1 = Array.isArray;
 
+       /** Used as references for various `Number` constants. */
 
-           function mergeTags(base, remote, target) {
-               if (_option === 'force_local' || fastDeepEqual(target.tags, remote.tags)) {
-                   return target;
-               }
-               if (_option === 'force_remote') {
-                   return target.update({tags: remote.tags});
-               }
+       var INFINITY = 1 / 0;
+       /** Used to convert symbols to primitives and strings. */
 
-               var ccount = _conflicts.length;
-               var o = base.tags || {};
-               var a = target.tags || {};
-               var b = remote.tags || {};
-               var keys = utilArrayUnion(utilArrayUnion(Object.keys(o), Object.keys(a)), Object.keys(b))
-                   .filter(function(k) { return !discardTags[k]; });
-               var tags = Object.assign({}, a);   // shallow copy
-               var changed = false;
+       var symbolProto = _Symbol ? _Symbol.prototype : undefined,
+           symbolToString = symbolProto ? symbolProto.toString : undefined;
+       /**
+        * The base implementation of `_.toString` which doesn't convert nullish
+        * values to empty strings.
+        *
+        * @private
+        * @param {*} value The value to process.
+        * @returns {string} Returns the string.
+        */
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
-                   var k = keys[i];
+       function baseToString(value) {
+         // Exit early for strings to avoid a performance hit in some environments.
+         if (typeof value == 'string') {
+           return value;
+         }
 
-                   if (o[k] !== b[k] && a[k] !== b[k]) {    // changed remotely..
-                       if (o[k] !== a[k]) {      // changed locally..
-                           _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.tags',
-                               { tag: k, local: a[k], remote: b[k], user: user(remote.user) }));
+         if (isArray$1(value)) {
+           // Recursively convert values (susceptible to call stack limits).
+           return arrayMap(value, baseToString) + '';
+         }
 
-                       } else {                  // unchanged locally, accept remote change..
-                           if (b.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
-                               tags[k] = b[k];
-                           } else {
-                               delete tags[k];
-                           }
-                           changed = true;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+         if (isSymbol(value)) {
+           return symbolToString ? symbolToString.call(value) : '';
+         }
 
-               return (changed && _conflicts.length === ccount) ? target.update({tags: tags}) : target;
-           }
+         var result = value + '';
+         return result == '0' && 1 / value == -INFINITY ? '-0' : result;
+       }
 
+       /** Used to match a single whitespace character. */
+       var reWhitespace = /\s/;
+       /**
+        * Used by `_.trim` and `_.trimEnd` to get the index of the last non-whitespace
+        * character of `string`.
+        *
+        * @private
+        * @param {string} string The string to inspect.
+        * @returns {number} Returns the index of the last non-whitespace character.
+        */
 
-           //  `graph.base()` is the common ancestor of the two graphs.
-           //  `localGraph` contains user's edits up to saving
-           //  `remoteGraph` contains remote edits to modified nodes
-           //  `graph` must be a descendent of `localGraph` and may include
-           //      some conflict resolution actions performed on it.
-           //
-           //                  --- ... --- `localGraph` -- ... -- `graph`
-           //                 /
-           //  `graph.base()` --- ... --- `remoteGraph`
-           //
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               var updates = { replacements: [], removeIds: [] };
-               var base = graph.base().entities[id];
-               var local = localGraph.entity(id);
-               var remote = remoteGraph.entity(id);
-               var target = osmEntity(local, { version: remote.version });
+       function trimmedEndIndex(string) {
+         var index = string.length;
 
-               // delete/undelete
-               if (!remote.visible) {
-                   if (_option === 'force_remote') {
-                       return actionDeleteMultiple([id])(graph);
+         while (index-- && reWhitespace.test(string.charAt(index))) {}
 
-                   } else if (_option === 'force_local') {
-                       if (target.type === 'way') {
-                           target = mergeChildren(target, utilArrayUniq(local.nodes), updates, graph);
-                           graph = updateChildren(updates, graph);
-                       }
-                       return graph.replace(target);
+         return index;
+       }
 
-                   } else {
-                       _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.deleted', { user: user(remote.user) }));
-                       return graph;  // do nothing
-                   }
-               }
+       /** Used to match leading whitespace. */
 
-               // merge
-               if (target.type === 'node') {
-                   target = mergeLocation(remote, target);
+       var reTrimStart = /^\s+/;
+       /**
+        * The base implementation of `_.trim`.
+        *
+        * @private
+        * @param {string} string The string to trim.
+        * @returns {string} Returns the trimmed string.
+        */
 
-               } else if (target.type === 'way') {
-                   // pull in any child nodes that may not be present locally..
-                   graph.rebase(remoteGraph.childNodes(remote), [graph], false);
-                   target = mergeNodes(base, remote, target);
-                   target = mergeChildren(target, utilArrayUnion(local.nodes, remote.nodes), updates, graph);
+       function baseTrim(string) {
+         return string ? string.slice(0, trimmedEndIndex(string) + 1).replace(reTrimStart, '') : string;
+       }
 
-               } else if (target.type === 'relation') {
-                   target = mergeMembers(remote, target);
-               }
+       /**
+        * Checks if `value` is the
+        * [language type](http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-ecmascript-language-types)
+        * of `Object`. (e.g. arrays, functions, objects, regexes, `new Number(0)`, and `new String('')`)
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 0.1.0
+        * @category Lang
+        * @param {*} value The value to check.
+        * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an object, else `false`.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * _.isObject({});
+        * // => true
+        *
+        * _.isObject([1, 2, 3]);
+        * // => true
+        *
+        * _.isObject(_.noop);
+        * // => true
+        *
+        * _.isObject(null);
+        * // => false
+        */
+       function isObject$2(value) {
+         var type = _typeof(value);
 
-               target = mergeTags(base, remote, target);
+         return value != null && (type == 'object' || type == 'function');
+       }
 
-               if (!_conflicts.length) {
-                   graph = updateChildren(updates, graph).replace(target);
-               }
+       /** Used as references for various `Number` constants. */
 
-               return graph;
-           };
+       var NAN = 0 / 0;
+       /** Used to detect bad signed hexadecimal string values. */
 
+       var reIsBadHex = /^[-+]0x[0-9a-f]+$/i;
+       /** Used to detect binary string values. */
 
-           action.withOption = function(opt) {
-               _option = opt;
-               return action;
-           };
+       var reIsBinary = /^0b[01]+$/i;
+       /** Used to detect octal string values. */
 
+       var reIsOctal = /^0o[0-7]+$/i;
+       /** Built-in method references without a dependency on `root`. */
 
-           action.conflicts = function() {
-               return _conflicts;
-           };
+       var freeParseInt = parseInt;
+       /**
+        * Converts `value` to a number.
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 4.0.0
+        * @category Lang
+        * @param {*} value The value to process.
+        * @returns {number} Returns the number.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * _.toNumber(3.2);
+        * // => 3.2
+        *
+        * _.toNumber(Number.MIN_VALUE);
+        * // => 5e-324
+        *
+        * _.toNumber(Infinity);
+        * // => Infinity
+        *
+        * _.toNumber('3.2');
+        * // => 3.2
+        */
+
+       function toNumber(value) {
+         if (typeof value == 'number') {
+           return value;
+         }
 
+         if (isSymbol(value)) {
+           return NAN;
+         }
 
-           return action;
+         if (isObject$2(value)) {
+           var other = typeof value.valueOf == 'function' ? value.valueOf() : value;
+           value = isObject$2(other) ? other + '' : other;
+         }
+
+         if (typeof value != 'string') {
+           return value === 0 ? value : +value;
+         }
+
+         value = baseTrim(value);
+         var isBinary = reIsBinary.test(value);
+         return isBinary || reIsOctal.test(value) ? freeParseInt(value.slice(2), isBinary ? 2 : 8) : reIsBadHex.test(value) ? NAN : +value;
        }
 
-       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/command/MoveCommand.java
-       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/MoveNodeAction.as
-       function actionMove(moveIDs, tryDelta, projection, cache) {
-           var _delta = tryDelta;
+       /**
+        * Converts `value` to a string. An empty string is returned for `null`
+        * and `undefined` values. The sign of `-0` is preserved.
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 4.0.0
+        * @category Lang
+        * @param {*} value The value to convert.
+        * @returns {string} Returns the converted string.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * _.toString(null);
+        * // => ''
+        *
+        * _.toString(-0);
+        * // => '-0'
+        *
+        * _.toString([1, 2, 3]);
+        * // => '1,2,3'
+        */
+
+       function toString$3(value) {
+         return value == null ? '' : baseToString(value);
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * The base implementation of `_.propertyOf` without support for deep paths.
+        *
+        * @private
+        * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+        * @returns {Function} Returns the new accessor function.
+        */
+       function basePropertyOf(object) {
+         return function (key) {
+           return object == null ? undefined : object[key];
+         };
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Gets the timestamp of the number of milliseconds that have elapsed since
+        * the Unix epoch (1 January 1970 00:00:00 UTC).
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 2.4.0
+        * @category Date
+        * @returns {number} Returns the timestamp.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * _.defer(function(stamp) {
+        *   console.log(_.now() - stamp);
+        * }, _.now());
+        * // => Logs the number of milliseconds it took for the deferred invocation.
+        */
 
-           function setupCache(graph) {
-               function canMove(nodeID) {
-                   // Allow movement of any node that is in the selectedIDs list..
-                   if (moveIDs.indexOf(nodeID) !== -1) return true;
+       var now = function now() {
+         return root.Date.now();
+       };
 
-                   // Allow movement of a vertex where 2 ways meet..
-                   var parents = graph.parentWays(graph.entity(nodeID));
-                   if (parents.length < 3) return true;
+       /** Error message constants. */
 
-                   // Restrict movement of a vertex where >2 ways meet, unless all parentWays are moving too..
-                   var parentsMoving = parents.every(function(way) { return cache.moving[way.id]; });
-                   if (!parentsMoving) delete cache.moving[nodeID];
+       var FUNC_ERROR_TEXT$1 = 'Expected a function';
+       /* Built-in method references for those with the same name as other `lodash` methods. */
 
-                   return parentsMoving;
-               }
+       var nativeMax = Math.max,
+           nativeMin = Math.min;
+       /**
+        * Creates a debounced function that delays invoking `func` until after `wait`
+        * milliseconds have elapsed since the last time the debounced function was
+        * invoked. The debounced function comes with a `cancel` method to cancel
+        * delayed `func` invocations and a `flush` method to immediately invoke them.
+        * Provide `options` to indicate whether `func` should be invoked on the
+        * leading and/or trailing edge of the `wait` timeout. The `func` is invoked
+        * with the last arguments provided to the debounced function. Subsequent
+        * calls to the debounced function return the result of the last `func`
+        * invocation.
+        *
+        * **Note:** If `leading` and `trailing` options are `true`, `func` is
+        * invoked on the trailing edge of the timeout only if the debounced function
+        * is invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout.
+        *
+        * If `wait` is `0` and `leading` is `false`, `func` invocation is deferred
+        * until to the next tick, similar to `setTimeout` with a timeout of `0`.
+        *
+        * See [David Corbacho's article](https://css-tricks.com/debouncing-throttling-explained-examples/)
+        * for details over the differences between `_.debounce` and `_.throttle`.
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 0.1.0
+        * @category Function
+        * @param {Function} func The function to debounce.
+        * @param {number} [wait=0] The number of milliseconds to delay.
+        * @param {Object} [options={}] The options object.
+        * @param {boolean} [options.leading=false]
+        *  Specify invoking on the leading edge of the timeout.
+        * @param {number} [options.maxWait]
+        *  The maximum time `func` is allowed to be delayed before it's invoked.
+        * @param {boolean} [options.trailing=true]
+        *  Specify invoking on the trailing edge of the timeout.
+        * @returns {Function} Returns the new debounced function.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * // Avoid costly calculations while the window size is in flux.
+        * jQuery(window).on('resize', _.debounce(calculateLayout, 150));
+        *
+        * // Invoke `sendMail` when clicked, debouncing subsequent calls.
+        * jQuery(element).on('click', _.debounce(sendMail, 300, {
+        *   'leading': true,
+        *   'trailing': false
+        * }));
+        *
+        * // Ensure `batchLog` is invoked once after 1 second of debounced calls.
+        * var debounced = _.debounce(batchLog, 250, { 'maxWait': 1000 });
+        * var source = new EventSource('/stream');
+        * jQuery(source).on('message', debounced);
+        *
+        * // Cancel the trailing debounced invocation.
+        * jQuery(window).on('popstate', debounced.cancel);
+        */
 
-               function cacheEntities(ids) {
-                   for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
-                       var id = ids[i];
-                       if (cache.moving[id]) continue;
-                       cache.moving[id] = true;
+       function debounce(func, wait, options) {
+         var lastArgs,
+             lastThis,
+             maxWait,
+             result,
+             timerId,
+             lastCallTime,
+             lastInvokeTime = 0,
+             leading = false,
+             maxing = false,
+             trailing = true;
 
-                       var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
-                       if (!entity) continue;
+         if (typeof func != 'function') {
+           throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT$1);
+         }
 
-                       if (entity.type === 'node') {
-                           cache.nodes.push(id);
-                           cache.startLoc[id] = entity.loc;
-                       } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                           cache.ways.push(id);
-                           cacheEntities(entity.nodes);
-                       } else {
-                           cacheEntities(entity.members.map(function(member) {
-                               return member.id;
-                           }));
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+         wait = toNumber(wait) || 0;
 
-               function cacheIntersections(ids) {
-                   function isEndpoint(way, id) {
-                       return !way.isClosed() && !!way.affix(id);
-                   }
+         if (isObject$2(options)) {
+           leading = !!options.leading;
+           maxing = 'maxWait' in options;
+           maxWait = maxing ? nativeMax(toNumber(options.maxWait) || 0, wait) : maxWait;
+           trailing = 'trailing' in options ? !!options.trailing : trailing;
+         }
 
-                   for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
-                       var id = ids[i];
-
-                       // consider only intersections with 1 moved and 1 unmoved way.
-                       var childNodes = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(id));
-                       for (var j = 0; j < childNodes.length; j++) {
-                           var node = childNodes[j];
-                           var parents = graph.parentWays(node);
-                           if (parents.length !== 2) continue;
-
-                           var moved = graph.entity(id);
-                           var unmoved = null;
-                           for (var k = 0; k < parents.length; k++) {
-                               var way = parents[k];
-                               if (!cache.moving[way.id]) {
-                                   unmoved = way;
-                                   break;
-                               }
-                           }
-                           if (!unmoved) continue;
-
-                           // exclude ways that are overly connected..
-                           if (utilArrayIntersection(moved.nodes, unmoved.nodes).length > 2) continue;
-                           if (moved.isArea() || unmoved.isArea()) continue;
-
-                           cache.intersections.push({
-                               nodeId: node.id,
-                               movedId: moved.id,
-                               unmovedId: unmoved.id,
-                               movedIsEP: isEndpoint(moved, node.id),
-                               unmovedIsEP: isEndpoint(unmoved, node.id)
-                           });
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+         function invokeFunc(time) {
+           var args = lastArgs,
+               thisArg = lastThis;
+           lastArgs = lastThis = undefined;
+           lastInvokeTime = time;
+           result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
+           return result;
+         }
+
+         function leadingEdge(time) {
+           // Reset any `maxWait` timer.
+           lastInvokeTime = time; // Start the timer for the trailing edge.
+
+           timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait); // Invoke the leading edge.
+
+           return leading ? invokeFunc(time) : result;
+         }
+
+         function remainingWait(time) {
+           var timeSinceLastCall = time - lastCallTime,
+               timeSinceLastInvoke = time - lastInvokeTime,
+               timeWaiting = wait - timeSinceLastCall;
+           return maxing ? nativeMin(timeWaiting, maxWait - timeSinceLastInvoke) : timeWaiting;
+         }
 
+         function shouldInvoke(time) {
+           var timeSinceLastCall = time - lastCallTime,
+               timeSinceLastInvoke = time - lastInvokeTime; // Either this is the first call, activity has stopped and we're at the
+           // trailing edge, the system time has gone backwards and we're treating
+           // it as the trailing edge, or we've hit the `maxWait` limit.
 
-               if (!cache) {
-                   cache = {};
-               }
-               if (!cache.ok) {
-                   cache.moving = {};
-                   cache.intersections = [];
-                   cache.replacedVertex = {};
-                   cache.startLoc = {};
-                   cache.nodes = [];
-                   cache.ways = [];
+           return lastCallTime === undefined || timeSinceLastCall >= wait || timeSinceLastCall < 0 || maxing && timeSinceLastInvoke >= maxWait;
+         }
 
-                   cacheEntities(moveIDs);
-                   cacheIntersections(cache.ways);
-                   cache.nodes = cache.nodes.filter(canMove);
+         function timerExpired() {
+           var time = now();
 
-                   cache.ok = true;
-               }
-           }
+           if (shouldInvoke(time)) {
+             return trailingEdge(time);
+           } // Restart the timer.
 
 
-           // Place a vertex where the moved vertex used to be, to preserve way shape..
-           //
-           //  Start:
-           //      b ---- e
-           //     / \
-           //    /   \
-           //   /     \
-           //  a       c
-           //
-           //      *               node '*' added to preserve shape
-           //     / \
-           //    /   b ---- e      way `b,e` moved here:
-           //   /     \
-           //  a       c
-           //
-           //
-           function replaceMovedVertex(nodeId, wayId, graph, delta) {
-               var way = graph.entity(wayId);
-               var moved = graph.entity(nodeId);
-               var movedIndex = way.nodes.indexOf(nodeId);
-               var len, prevIndex, nextIndex;
+           timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, remainingWait(time));
+         }
 
-               if (way.isClosed()) {
-                   len = way.nodes.length - 1;
-                   prevIndex = (movedIndex + len - 1) % len;
-                   nextIndex = (movedIndex + len + 1) % len;
-               } else {
-                   len = way.nodes.length;
-                   prevIndex = movedIndex - 1;
-                   nextIndex = movedIndex + 1;
-               }
+         function trailingEdge(time) {
+           timerId = undefined; // Only invoke if we have `lastArgs` which means `func` has been
+           // debounced at least once.
 
-               var prev = graph.hasEntity(way.nodes[prevIndex]);
-               var next = graph.hasEntity(way.nodes[nextIndex]);
+           if (trailing && lastArgs) {
+             return invokeFunc(time);
+           }
 
-               // Don't add orig vertex at endpoint..
-               if (!prev || !next) return graph;
+           lastArgs = lastThis = undefined;
+           return result;
+         }
 
-               var key = wayId + '_' + nodeId;
-               var orig = cache.replacedVertex[key];
-               if (!orig) {
-                   orig = osmNode();
-                   cache.replacedVertex[key] = orig;
-                   cache.startLoc[orig.id] = cache.startLoc[nodeId];
-               }
+         function cancel() {
+           if (timerId !== undefined) {
+             clearTimeout(timerId);
+           }
 
-               var start, end;
-               if (delta) {
-                   start = projection(cache.startLoc[nodeId]);
-                   end = projection.invert(geoVecAdd(start, delta));
-               } else {
-                   end = cache.startLoc[nodeId];
-               }
-               orig = orig.move(end);
+           lastInvokeTime = 0;
+           lastArgs = lastCallTime = lastThis = timerId = undefined;
+         }
 
-               var angle = Math.abs(geoAngle(orig, prev, projection) -
-                       geoAngle(orig, next, projection)) * 180 / Math.PI;
+         function flush() {
+           return timerId === undefined ? result : trailingEdge(now());
+         }
 
-               // Don't add orig vertex if it would just make a straight line..
-               if (angle > 175 && angle < 185) return graph;
+         function debounced() {
+           var time = now(),
+               isInvoking = shouldInvoke(time);
+           lastArgs = arguments;
+           lastThis = this;
+           lastCallTime = time;
 
-               // moving forward or backward along way?
-               var p1 = [prev.loc, orig.loc, moved.loc, next.loc].map(projection);
-               var p2 = [prev.loc, moved.loc, orig.loc, next.loc].map(projection);
-               var d1 = geoPathLength(p1);
-               var d2 = geoPathLength(p2);
-               var insertAt = (d1 <= d2) ? movedIndex : nextIndex;
+           if (isInvoking) {
+             if (timerId === undefined) {
+               return leadingEdge(lastCallTime);
+             }
 
-               // moving around closed loop?
-               if (way.isClosed() && insertAt === 0) insertAt = len;
+             if (maxing) {
+               // Handle invocations in a tight loop.
+               clearTimeout(timerId);
+               timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait);
+               return invokeFunc(lastCallTime);
+             }
+           }
 
-               way = way.addNode(orig.id, insertAt);
-               return graph.replace(orig).replace(way);
+           if (timerId === undefined) {
+             timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait);
            }
 
+           return result;
+         }
 
-           // Remove duplicate vertex that might have been added by
-           // replaceMovedVertex.  This is done after the unzorro checks.
-           function removeDuplicateVertices(wayId, graph) {
-               var way = graph.entity(wayId);
-               var epsilon = 1e-6;
-               var prev, curr;
+         debounced.cancel = cancel;
+         debounced.flush = flush;
+         return debounced;
+       }
 
-               function isInteresting(node, graph) {
-                   return graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 ||
-                       graph.parentRelations(node).length ||
-                       node.hasInterestingTags();
-               }
+       /** Used to map characters to HTML entities. */
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < way.nodes.length; i++) {
-                   curr = graph.entity(way.nodes[i]);
+       var htmlEscapes = {
+         '&': '&amp;',
+         '<': '&lt;',
+         '>': '&gt;',
+         '"': '&quot;',
+         "'": '&#39;'
+       };
+       /**
+        * Used by `_.escape` to convert characters to HTML entities.
+        *
+        * @private
+        * @param {string} chr The matched character to escape.
+        * @returns {string} Returns the escaped character.
+        */
 
-                   if (prev && curr && geoVecEqual(prev.loc, curr.loc, epsilon)) {
-                       if (!isInteresting(prev, graph)) {
-                           way = way.removeNode(prev.id);
-                           graph = graph.replace(way).remove(prev);
-                       } else if (!isInteresting(curr, graph)) {
-                           way = way.removeNode(curr.id);
-                           graph = graph.replace(way).remove(curr);
-                       }
-                   }
+       var escapeHtmlChar = basePropertyOf(htmlEscapes);
 
-                   prev = curr;
-               }
+       /** Used to match HTML entities and HTML characters. */
 
-               return graph;
-           }
+       var reUnescapedHtml = /[&<>"']/g,
+           reHasUnescapedHtml = RegExp(reUnescapedHtml.source);
+       /**
+        * Converts the characters "&", "<", ">", '"', and "'" in `string` to their
+        * corresponding HTML entities.
+        *
+        * **Note:** No other characters are escaped. To escape additional
+        * characters use a third-party library like [_he_](https://mths.be/he).
+        *
+        * Though the ">" character is escaped for symmetry, characters like
+        * ">" and "/" don't need escaping in HTML and have no special meaning
+        * unless they're part of a tag or unquoted attribute value. See
+        * [Mathias Bynens's article](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/ambiguous-ampersands)
+        * (under "semi-related fun fact") for more details.
+        *
+        * When working with HTML you should always
+        * [quote attribute values](http://wonko.com/post/html-escaping) to reduce
+        * XSS vectors.
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @since 0.1.0
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @category String
+        * @param {string} [string=''] The string to escape.
+        * @returns {string} Returns the escaped string.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * _.escape('fred, barney, & pebbles');
+        * // => 'fred, barney, &amp; pebbles'
+        */
 
+       function escape$4(string) {
+         string = toString$3(string);
+         return string && reHasUnescapedHtml.test(string) ? string.replace(reUnescapedHtml, escapeHtmlChar) : string;
+       }
 
-           // Reorder nodes around intersections that have moved..
-           //
-           //  Start:                way1.nodes: b,e         (moving)
-           //  a - b - c ----- d     way2.nodes: a,b,c,d     (static)
-           //      |                 vertex: b
-           //      e                 isEP1: true,  isEP2, false
-           //
-           //  way1 `b,e` moved here:
-           //  a ----- c = b - d
-           //              |
-           //              e
-           //
-           //  reorder nodes         way1.nodes: b,e
-           //  a ----- c - b - d     way2.nodes: a,c,b,d
-           //              |
-           //              e
-           //
-           function unZorroIntersection(intersection, graph) {
-               var vertex = graph.entity(intersection.nodeId);
-               var way1 = graph.entity(intersection.movedId);
-               var way2 = graph.entity(intersection.unmovedId);
-               var isEP1 = intersection.movedIsEP;
-               var isEP2 = intersection.unmovedIsEP;
-
-               // don't move the vertex if it is the endpoint of both ways.
-               if (isEP1 && isEP2) return graph;
-
-               var nodes1 = graph.childNodes(way1).filter(function(n) { return n !== vertex; });
-               var nodes2 = graph.childNodes(way2).filter(function(n) { return n !== vertex; });
-
-               if (way1.isClosed() && way1.first() === vertex.id) nodes1.push(nodes1[0]);
-               if (way2.isClosed() && way2.first() === vertex.id) nodes2.push(nodes2[0]);
-
-               var edge1 = !isEP1 && geoChooseEdge(nodes1, projection(vertex.loc), projection);
-               var edge2 = !isEP2 && geoChooseEdge(nodes2, projection(vertex.loc), projection);
-               var loc;
-
-               // snap vertex to nearest edge (or some point between them)..
-               if (!isEP1 && !isEP2) {
-                   var epsilon = 1e-6, maxIter = 10;
-                   for (var i = 0; i < maxIter; i++) {
-                       loc = geoVecInterp(edge1.loc, edge2.loc, 0.5);
-                       edge1 = geoChooseEdge(nodes1, projection(loc), projection);
-                       edge2 = geoChooseEdge(nodes2, projection(loc), projection);
-                       if (Math.abs(edge1.distance - edge2.distance) < epsilon) break;
-                   }
-               } else if (!isEP1) {
-                   loc = edge1.loc;
-               } else {
-                   loc = edge2.loc;
-               }
+       /** Error message constants. */
 
-               graph = graph.replace(vertex.move(loc));
+       var FUNC_ERROR_TEXT = 'Expected a function';
+       /**
+        * Creates a throttled function that only invokes `func` at most once per
+        * every `wait` milliseconds. The throttled function comes with a `cancel`
+        * method to cancel delayed `func` invocations and a `flush` method to
+        * immediately invoke them. Provide `options` to indicate whether `func`
+        * should be invoked on the leading and/or trailing edge of the `wait`
+        * timeout. The `func` is invoked with the last arguments provided to the
+        * throttled function. Subsequent calls to the throttled function return the
+        * result of the last `func` invocation.
+        *
+        * **Note:** If `leading` and `trailing` options are `true`, `func` is
+        * invoked on the trailing edge of the timeout only if the throttled function
+        * is invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout.
+        *
+        * If `wait` is `0` and `leading` is `false`, `func` invocation is deferred
+        * until to the next tick, similar to `setTimeout` with a timeout of `0`.
+        *
+        * See [David Corbacho's article](https://css-tricks.com/debouncing-throttling-explained-examples/)
+        * for details over the differences between `_.throttle` and `_.debounce`.
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 0.1.0
+        * @category Function
+        * @param {Function} func The function to throttle.
+        * @param {number} [wait=0] The number of milliseconds to throttle invocations to.
+        * @param {Object} [options={}] The options object.
+        * @param {boolean} [options.leading=true]
+        *  Specify invoking on the leading edge of the timeout.
+        * @param {boolean} [options.trailing=true]
+        *  Specify invoking on the trailing edge of the timeout.
+        * @returns {Function} Returns the new throttled function.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * // Avoid excessively updating the position while scrolling.
+        * jQuery(window).on('scroll', _.throttle(updatePosition, 100));
+        *
+        * // Invoke `renewToken` when the click event is fired, but not more than once every 5 minutes.
+        * var throttled = _.throttle(renewToken, 300000, { 'trailing': false });
+        * jQuery(element).on('click', throttled);
+        *
+        * // Cancel the trailing throttled invocation.
+        * jQuery(window).on('popstate', throttled.cancel);
+        */
 
-               // if zorro happened, reorder nodes..
-               if (!isEP1 && edge1.index !== way1.nodes.indexOf(vertex.id)) {
-                   way1 = way1.removeNode(vertex.id).addNode(vertex.id, edge1.index);
-                   graph = graph.replace(way1);
-               }
-               if (!isEP2 && edge2.index !== way2.nodes.indexOf(vertex.id)) {
-                   way2 = way2.removeNode(vertex.id).addNode(vertex.id, edge2.index);
-                   graph = graph.replace(way2);
-               }
+       function throttle(func, wait, options) {
+         var leading = true,
+             trailing = true;
 
-               return graph;
-           }
+         if (typeof func != 'function') {
+           throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
+         }
 
+         if (isObject$2(options)) {
+           leading = 'leading' in options ? !!options.leading : leading;
+           trailing = 'trailing' in options ? !!options.trailing : trailing;
+         }
 
-           function cleanupIntersections(graph) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < cache.intersections.length; i++) {
-                   var obj = cache.intersections[i];
-                   graph = replaceMovedVertex(obj.nodeId, obj.movedId, graph, _delta);
-                   graph = replaceMovedVertex(obj.nodeId, obj.unmovedId, graph, null);
-                   graph = unZorroIntersection(obj, graph);
-                   graph = removeDuplicateVertices(obj.movedId, graph);
-                   graph = removeDuplicateVertices(obj.unmovedId, graph);
-               }
+         return debounce(func, wait, {
+           'leading': leading,
+           'maxWait': wait,
+           'trailing': trailing
+         });
+       }
 
-               return graph;
-           }
+       var $$f = _export;
+       var lastIndexOf = arrayLastIndexOf;
 
+       // `Array.prototype.lastIndexOf` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.lastindexof
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-array-prototype-lastindexof -- required for testing
+       $$f({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: lastIndexOf !== [].lastIndexOf }, {
+         lastIndexOf: lastIndexOf
+       });
 
-           // check if moving way endpoint can cross an unmoved way, if so limit delta..
-           function limitDelta(graph) {
-               function moveNode(loc) {
-                   return geoVecAdd(projection(loc), _delta);
-               }
+       /** Used to map HTML entities to characters. */
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < cache.intersections.length; i++) {
-                   var obj = cache.intersections[i];
+       var htmlUnescapes = {
+         '&amp;': '&',
+         '&lt;': '<',
+         '&gt;': '>',
+         '&quot;': '"',
+         '&#39;': "'"
+       };
+       /**
+        * Used by `_.unescape` to convert HTML entities to characters.
+        *
+        * @private
+        * @param {string} chr The matched character to unescape.
+        * @returns {string} Returns the unescaped character.
+        */
 
-                   // Don't limit movement if this is vertex joins 2 endpoints..
-                   if (obj.movedIsEP && obj.unmovedIsEP) continue;
-                   // Don't limit movement if this vertex is not an endpoint anyway..
-                   if (!obj.movedIsEP) continue;
+       var unescapeHtmlChar = basePropertyOf(htmlUnescapes);
 
-                   var node = graph.entity(obj.nodeId);
-                   var start = projection(node.loc);
-                   var end = geoVecAdd(start, _delta);
-                   var movedNodes = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(obj.movedId));
-                   var movedPath = movedNodes.map(function(n) { return moveNode(n.loc); });
-                   var unmovedNodes = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(obj.unmovedId));
-                   var unmovedPath = unmovedNodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
-                   var hits = geoPathIntersections(movedPath, unmovedPath);
+       /** Used to match HTML entities and HTML characters. */
 
-                   for (var j = 0; i < hits.length; i++) {
-                       if (geoVecEqual(hits[j], end)) continue;
-                       var edge = geoChooseEdge(unmovedNodes, end, projection);
-                       _delta = geoVecSubtract(projection(edge.loc), start);
-                   }
-               }
-           }
+       var reEscapedHtml = /&(?:amp|lt|gt|quot|#39);/g,
+           reHasEscapedHtml = RegExp(reEscapedHtml.source);
+       /**
+        * The inverse of `_.escape`; this method converts the HTML entities
+        * `&amp;`, `&lt;`, `&gt;`, `&quot;`, and `&#39;` in `string` to
+        * their corresponding characters.
+        *
+        * **Note:** No other HTML entities are unescaped. To unescape additional
+        * HTML entities use a third-party library like [_he_](https://mths.be/he).
+        *
+        * @static
+        * @memberOf _
+        * @since 0.6.0
+        * @category String
+        * @param {string} [string=''] The string to unescape.
+        * @returns {string} Returns the unescaped string.
+        * @example
+        *
+        * _.unescape('fred, barney, &amp; pebbles');
+        * // => 'fred, barney, & pebbles'
+        */
 
+       function unescape$3(string) {
+         string = toString$3(string);
+         return string && reHasEscapedHtml.test(string) ? string.replace(reEscapedHtml, unescapeHtmlChar) : string;
+       }
 
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               if (_delta[0] === 0 && _delta[1] === 0) return graph;
+       var global$4 = global$1o;
+       var isArray = isArray$8;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike$1 = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
+       var bind$3 = functionBindContext;
 
-               setupCache(graph);
+       var TypeError$2 = global$4.TypeError;
 
-               if (cache.intersections.length) {
-                   limitDelta(graph);
-               }
+       // `FlattenIntoArray` abstract operation
+       // https://tc39.github.io/proposal-flatMap/#sec-FlattenIntoArray
+       var flattenIntoArray$1 = function (target, original, source, sourceLen, start, depth, mapper, thisArg) {
+         var targetIndex = start;
+         var sourceIndex = 0;
+         var mapFn = mapper ? bind$3(mapper, thisArg) : false;
+         var element, elementLen;
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < cache.nodes.length; i++) {
-                   var node = graph.entity(cache.nodes[i]);
-                   var start = projection(node.loc);
-                   var end = geoVecAdd(start, _delta);
-                   graph = graph.replace(node.move(projection.invert(end)));
-               }
+         while (sourceIndex < sourceLen) {
+           if (sourceIndex in source) {
+             element = mapFn ? mapFn(source[sourceIndex], sourceIndex, original) : source[sourceIndex];
 
-               if (cache.intersections.length) {
-                   graph = cleanupIntersections(graph);
-               }
+             if (depth > 0 && isArray(element)) {
+               elementLen = lengthOfArrayLike$1(element);
+               targetIndex = flattenIntoArray$1(target, original, element, elementLen, targetIndex, depth - 1) - 1;
+             } else {
+               if (targetIndex >= 0x1FFFFFFFFFFFFF) throw TypeError$2('Exceed the acceptable array length');
+               target[targetIndex] = element;
+             }
 
-               return graph;
-           };
+             targetIndex++;
+           }
+           sourceIndex++;
+         }
+         return targetIndex;
+       };
 
+       var flattenIntoArray_1 = flattenIntoArray$1;
 
-           action.delta = function() {
-               return _delta;
-           };
+       var $$e = _export;
+       var flattenIntoArray = flattenIntoArray_1;
+       var aCallable = aCallable$a;
+       var toObject = toObject$i;
+       var lengthOfArrayLike = lengthOfArrayLike$i;
+       var arraySpeciesCreate = arraySpeciesCreate$4;
 
+       // `Array.prototype.flatMap` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.flatmap
+       $$e({ target: 'Array', proto: true }, {
+         flatMap: function flatMap(callbackfn /* , thisArg */) {
+           var O = toObject(this);
+           var sourceLen = lengthOfArrayLike(O);
+           var A;
+           aCallable(callbackfn);
+           A = arraySpeciesCreate(O, 0);
+           A.length = flattenIntoArray(A, O, O, sourceLen, 0, 1, callbackfn, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+           return A;
+         }
+       });
 
-           return action;
-       }
+       // this method was added to unscopables after implementation
+       // in popular engines, so it's moved to a separate module
+       var addToUnscopables = addToUnscopables$6;
+
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype-@@unscopables
+       addToUnscopables('flatMap');
+
+       var $$d = _export;
+       var uncurryThis$6 = functionUncurryThis;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor$1 = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
+       var toLength$2 = toLength$c;
+       var toString$2 = toString$k;
+       var notARegExp$1 = notARegexp;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$2 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var correctIsRegExpLogic$1 = correctIsRegexpLogic;
+
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-string-prototype-endswith -- safe
+       var un$EndsWith = uncurryThis$6(''.endsWith);
+       var slice$2 = uncurryThis$6(''.slice);
+       var min$1 = Math.min;
+
+       var CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC$1 = correctIsRegExpLogic$1('endsWith');
+       // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/pull/702
+       var MDN_POLYFILL_BUG$1 = !CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC$1 && !!function () {
+         var descriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptor$1(String.prototype, 'endsWith');
+         return descriptor && !descriptor.writable;
+       }();
+
+       // `String.prototype.endsWith` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.endswith
+       $$d({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: !MDN_POLYFILL_BUG$1 && !CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC$1 }, {
+         endsWith: function endsWith(searchString /* , endPosition = @length */) {
+           var that = toString$2(requireObjectCoercible$2(this));
+           notARegExp$1(searchString);
+           var endPosition = arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined;
+           var len = that.length;
+           var end = endPosition === undefined ? len : min$1(toLength$2(endPosition), len);
+           var search = toString$2(searchString);
+           return un$EndsWith
+             ? un$EndsWith(that, search, end)
+             : slice$2(that, end - search.length, end) === search;
+         }
+       });
 
-       function actionMoveMember(relationId, fromIndex, toIndex) {
-           return function(graph) {
-               return graph.replace(graph.entity(relationId).moveMember(fromIndex, toIndex));
-           };
-       }
+       // https://github.com/tc39/proposal-string-pad-start-end
+       var uncurryThis$5 = functionUncurryThis;
+       var toLength$1 = toLength$c;
+       var toString$1 = toString$k;
+       var $repeat = stringRepeat;
+       var requireObjectCoercible$1 = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+
+       var repeat$1 = uncurryThis$5($repeat);
+       var stringSlice$2 = uncurryThis$5(''.slice);
+       var ceil = Math.ceil;
+
+       // `String.prototype.{ padStart, padEnd }` methods implementation
+       var createMethod = function (IS_END) {
+         return function ($this, maxLength, fillString) {
+           var S = toString$1(requireObjectCoercible$1($this));
+           var intMaxLength = toLength$1(maxLength);
+           var stringLength = S.length;
+           var fillStr = fillString === undefined ? ' ' : toString$1(fillString);
+           var fillLen, stringFiller;
+           if (intMaxLength <= stringLength || fillStr == '') return S;
+           fillLen = intMaxLength - stringLength;
+           stringFiller = repeat$1(fillStr, ceil(fillLen / fillStr.length));
+           if (stringFiller.length > fillLen) stringFiller = stringSlice$2(stringFiller, 0, fillLen);
+           return IS_END ? S + stringFiller : stringFiller + S;
+         };
+       };
+
+       var stringPad = {
+         // `String.prototype.padStart` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.padstart
+         start: createMethod(false),
+         // `String.prototype.padEnd` method
+         // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.padend
+         end: createMethod(true)
+       };
+
+       // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/issues/280
+       var userAgent = engineUserAgent;
+
+       var stringPadWebkitBug = /Version\/10(?:\.\d+){1,2}(?: [\w./]+)?(?: Mobile\/\w+)? Safari\//.test(userAgent);
+
+       var $$c = _export;
+       var $padEnd = stringPad.end;
+       var WEBKIT_BUG$1 = stringPadWebkitBug;
+
+       // `String.prototype.padEnd` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.padend
+       $$c({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: WEBKIT_BUG$1 }, {
+         padEnd: function padEnd(maxLength /* , fillString = ' ' */) {
+           return $padEnd(this, maxLength, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+         }
+       });
 
-       function actionMoveNode(nodeID, toLoc) {
+       var $$b = _export;
+       var $padStart = stringPad.start;
+       var WEBKIT_BUG = stringPadWebkitBug;
 
-           var action = function(graph, t) {
-               if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
-               t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
+       // `String.prototype.padStart` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.padstart
+       $$b({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: WEBKIT_BUG }, {
+         padStart: function padStart(maxLength /* , fillString = ' ' */) {
+           return $padStart(this, maxLength, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+         }
+       });
 
-               var node = graph.entity(nodeID);
-               return graph.replace(
-                   node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, toLoc, t))
-               );
-           };
+       var $$a = _export;
+       var $reduceRight = arrayReduce.right;
+       var arrayMethodIsStrict = arrayMethodIsStrict$9;
+       var CHROME_VERSION = engineV8Version;
+       var IS_NODE = engineIsNode;
 
-           action.transitionable = true;
+       var STRICT_METHOD = arrayMethodIsStrict('reduceRight');
+       // Chrome 80-82 has a critical bug
+       // https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=1049982
+       var CHROME_BUG = !IS_NODE && CHROME_VERSION > 79 && CHROME_VERSION < 83;
 
-           return action;
-       }
+       // `Array.prototype.reduceRight` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.reduceright
+       $$a({ target: 'Array', proto: true, forced: !STRICT_METHOD || CHROME_BUG }, {
+         reduceRight: function reduceRight(callbackfn /* , initialValue */) {
+           return $reduceRight(this, callbackfn, arguments.length, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined);
+         }
+       });
 
-       function actionNoop() {
-           return function(graph) {
-               return graph;
-           };
-       }
+       var $$9 = _export;
+       var repeat = stringRepeat;
 
-       function actionOrthogonalize(wayID, projection, vertexID, degThresh, ep) {
-           var epsilon = ep || 1e-4;
-           var threshold = degThresh || 13;  // degrees within right or straight to alter
+       // `String.prototype.repeat` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.repeat
+       $$9({ target: 'String', proto: true }, {
+         repeat: repeat
+       });
 
-           // We test normalized dot products so we can compare as cos(angle)
-           var lowerThreshold = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180);
-           var upperThreshold = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180);
+       var $$8 = _export;
+       var uncurryThis$4 = functionUncurryThis;
+       var getOwnPropertyDescriptor = objectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor.f;
+       var toLength = toLength$c;
+       var toString = toString$k;
+       var notARegExp = notARegexp;
+       var requireObjectCoercible = requireObjectCoercible$e;
+       var correctIsRegExpLogic = correctIsRegexpLogic;
+
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-string-prototype-startswith -- safe
+       var un$StartsWith = uncurryThis$4(''.startsWith);
+       var stringSlice$1 = uncurryThis$4(''.slice);
+       var min = Math.min;
+
+       var CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC = correctIsRegExpLogic('startsWith');
+       // https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/pull/702
+       var MDN_POLYFILL_BUG = !CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC && !!function () {
+         var descriptor = getOwnPropertyDescriptor(String.prototype, 'startsWith');
+         return descriptor && !descriptor.writable;
+       }();
+
+       // `String.prototype.startsWith` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.startswith
+       $$8({ target: 'String', proto: true, forced: !MDN_POLYFILL_BUG && !CORRECT_IS_REGEXP_LOGIC }, {
+         startsWith: function startsWith(searchString /* , position = 0 */) {
+           var that = toString(requireObjectCoercible(this));
+           notARegExp(searchString);
+           var index = toLength(min(arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined, that.length));
+           var search = toString(searchString);
+           return un$StartsWith
+             ? un$StartsWith(that, search, index)
+             : stringSlice$1(that, index, index + search.length) === search;
+         }
+       });
 
+       var $$7 = _export;
+       var $trimEnd = stringTrim.end;
+       var forcedStringTrimMethod$1 = stringTrimForced;
 
-           var action = function(graph, t) {
-               if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
-               t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
+       var FORCED$4 = forcedStringTrimMethod$1('trimEnd');
 
-               var way = graph.entity(wayID);
-               way = way.removeNode('');   // sanity check - remove any consecutive duplicates
+       var trimEnd = FORCED$4 ? function trimEnd() {
+         return $trimEnd(this);
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-string-prototype-trimstart-trimend -- safe
+       } : ''.trimEnd;
 
-               if (way.tags.nonsquare) {
-                   var tags = Object.assign({}, way.tags);
-                   // since we're squaring, remove indication that this is physically unsquare
-                   delete tags.nonsquare;
-                   way = way.update({tags: tags});
-               }
+       // `String.prototype.{ trimEnd, trimRight }` methods
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.trimend
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#String.prototype.trimright
+       $$7({ target: 'String', proto: true, name: 'trimEnd', forced: FORCED$4 }, {
+         trimEnd: trimEnd,
+         trimRight: trimEnd
+       });
 
-               graph = graph.replace(way);
+       var $$6 = _export;
+       var $trimStart = stringTrim.start;
+       var forcedStringTrimMethod = stringTrimForced;
 
-               var isClosed = way.isClosed();
-               var nodes = graph.childNodes(way).slice();  // shallow copy
-               if (isClosed) nodes.pop();
+       var FORCED$3 = forcedStringTrimMethod('trimStart');
 
-               if (vertexID !== undefined) {
-                   nodes = nodeSubset(nodes, vertexID, isClosed);
-                   if (nodes.length !== 3) return graph;
-               }
+       var trimStart = FORCED$3 ? function trimStart() {
+         return $trimStart(this);
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-string-prototype-trimstart-trimend -- safe
+       } : ''.trimStart;
 
-               // note: all geometry functions here use the unclosed node/point/coord list
+       // `String.prototype.{ trimStart, trimLeft }` methods
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-string.prototype.trimstart
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#String.prototype.trimleft
+       $$6({ target: 'String', proto: true, name: 'trimStart', forced: FORCED$3 }, {
+         trimStart: trimStart,
+         trimLeft: trimStart
+       });
 
-               var nodeCount = {};
-               var points = [];
-               var corner = { i: 0, dotp: 1 };
-               var node, point, loc, score, motions, i, j;
+       var _mainLocalizer = coreLocalizer(); // singleton
 
-               for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
-                   node = nodes[i];
-                   nodeCount[node.id] = (nodeCount[node.id] || 0) + 1;
-                   points.push({ id: node.id, coord: projection(node.loc) });
-               }
 
+       var _t = _mainLocalizer.t;
+       // coreLocalizer manages language and locale parameters including translated strings
+       //
 
-               if (points.length === 3) {   // move only one vertex for right triangle
-                   for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
-                       motions = points.map(calcMotion);
+       function coreLocalizer() {
+         var localizer = {};
+         var _dataLanguages = {}; // `_dataLocales` is an object containing all _supported_ locale codes -> language info.
+         // * `rtl` - right-to-left or left-to-right text direction
+         // * `pct` - the percent of strings translated; 1 = 100%, full coverage
+         //
+         // {
+         // en: { rtl: false, pct: {…} },
+         // de: { rtl: false, pct: {…} },
+         // …
+         // }
 
-                       points[corner.i].coord = geoVecAdd(points[corner.i].coord, motions[corner.i]);
-                       score = corner.dotp;
-                       if (score < epsilon) {
-                           break;
-                       }
-                   }
+         var _dataLocales = {}; // `localeStrings` is an object containing all _loaded_ locale codes -> string data.
+         // {
+         // en: { icons: {…}, toolbar: {…}, modes: {…}, operations: {…}, … },
+         // de: { icons: {…}, toolbar: {…}, modes: {…}, operations: {…}, … },
+         // …
+         // }
 
-                   node = graph.entity(nodes[corner.i].id);
-                   loc = projection.invert(points[corner.i].coord);
-                   graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc, t)));
+         var _localeStrings = {}; // the current locale
 
-               } else {
-                   var straights = [];
-                   var simplified = [];
-
-                   // Remove points from nearly straight sections..
-                   // This produces a simplified shape to orthogonalize
-                   for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
-                       point = points[i];
-                       var dotp = 0;
-                       if (isClosed || (i > 0 && i < points.length - 1)) {
-                           var a = points[(i - 1 + points.length) % points.length];
-                           var b = points[(i + 1) % points.length];
-                           dotp = Math.abs(geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a.coord, b.coord, point.coord));
-                       }
+         var _localeCode = 'en-US'; // `_localeCodes` must contain `_localeCode` first, optionally followed by fallbacks
 
-                       if (dotp > upperThreshold) {
-                           straights.push(point);
-                       } else {
-                           simplified.push(point);
-                       }
-                   }
+         var _localeCodes = ['en-US', 'en'];
+         var _languageCode = 'en';
+         var _textDirection = 'ltr';
+         var _usesMetric = false;
+         var _languageNames = {};
+         var _scriptNames = {}; // getters for the current locale parameters
 
-                   // Orthogonalize the simplified shape
-                   var bestPoints = clonePoints(simplified);
-                   var originalPoints = clonePoints(simplified);
+         localizer.localeCode = function () {
+           return _localeCode;
+         };
 
-                   score = Infinity;
-                   for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
-                       motions = simplified.map(calcMotion);
+         localizer.localeCodes = function () {
+           return _localeCodes;
+         };
 
-                       for (j = 0; j < motions.length; j++) {
-                           simplified[j].coord = geoVecAdd(simplified[j].coord, motions[j]);
-                       }
-                       var newScore = geoOrthoCalcScore(simplified, isClosed, epsilon, threshold);
-                       if (newScore < score) {
-                           bestPoints = clonePoints(simplified);
-                           score = newScore;
-                       }
-                       if (score < epsilon) {
-                           break;
-                       }
-                   }
+         localizer.languageCode = function () {
+           return _languageCode;
+         };
 
-                   var bestCoords = bestPoints.map(function(p) { return p.coord; });
-                   if (isClosed) bestCoords.push(bestCoords[0]);
+         localizer.textDirection = function () {
+           return _textDirection;
+         };
 
-                   // move the nodes that should move
-                   for (i = 0; i < bestPoints.length; i++) {
-                       point = bestPoints[i];
-                       if (!geoVecEqual(originalPoints[i].coord, point.coord)) {
-                           node = graph.entity(point.id);
-                           loc = projection.invert(point.coord);
-                           graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc, t)));
-                       }
-                   }
+         localizer.usesMetric = function () {
+           return _usesMetric;
+         };
 
-                   // move the nodes along straight segments
-                   for (i = 0; i < straights.length; i++) {
-                       point = straights[i];
-                       if (nodeCount[point.id] > 1) continue;   // skip self-intersections
+         localizer.languageNames = function () {
+           return _languageNames;
+         };
 
-                       node = graph.entity(point.id);
+         localizer.scriptNames = function () {
+           return _scriptNames;
+         }; // The client app may want to manually set the locale, regardless of the
+         // settings provided by the browser
 
-                       if (t === 1 &&
-                           graph.parentWays(node).length === 1 &&
-                           graph.parentRelations(node).length === 0 &&
-                           !node.hasInterestingTags()
-                       ) {
-                           // remove uninteresting points..
-                           graph = actionDeleteNode(node.id)(graph);
 
-                       } else {
-                           // move interesting points to the nearest edge..
-                           var choice = geoVecProject(point.coord, bestCoords);
-                           if (choice) {
-                               loc = projection.invert(choice.target);
-                               graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc, t)));
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+         var _preferredLocaleCodes = [];
 
-               return graph;
+         localizer.preferredLocaleCodes = function (codes) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _preferredLocaleCodes;
 
+           if (typeof codes === 'string') {
+             // be generous and accept delimited strings as input
+             _preferredLocaleCodes = codes.split(/,|;| /gi).filter(Boolean);
+           } else {
+             _preferredLocaleCodes = codes;
+           }
 
-               function clonePoints(array) {
-                   return array.map(function(p) {
-                       return { id: p.id, coord: [p.coord[0], p.coord[1]] };
-                   });
-               }
+           return localizer;
+         };
 
+         var _loadPromise;
 
-               function calcMotion(point, i, array) {
-                   // don't try to move the endpoints of a non-closed way.
-                   if (!isClosed && (i === 0 || i === array.length - 1)) return [0, 0];
-                   // don't try to move a node that appears more than once (self intersection)
-                   if (nodeCount[array[i].id] > 1) return [0, 0];
+         localizer.ensureLoaded = function () {
+           if (_loadPromise) return _loadPromise;
+           var filesToFetch = ['languages', // load the list of languages
+           'locales' // load the list of supported locales
+           ];
+           var localeDirs = {
+             general: 'locales',
+             tagging: 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@openstreetmap/id-tagging-schema@3/dist/translations'
+           };
+           var fileMap = _mainFileFetcher.fileMap();
 
-                   var a = array[(i - 1 + array.length) % array.length].coord;
-                   var origin = point.coord;
-                   var b = array[(i + 1) % array.length].coord;
-                   var p = geoVecSubtract(a, origin);
-                   var q = geoVecSubtract(b, origin);
+           for (var scopeId in localeDirs) {
+             var key = "locales_index_".concat(scopeId);
 
-                   var scale = 2 * Math.min(geoVecLength(p), geoVecLength(q));
-                   p = geoVecNormalize(p);
-                   q = geoVecNormalize(q);
+             if (!fileMap[key]) {
+               fileMap[key] = localeDirs[scopeId] + '/index.min.json';
+             }
 
-                   var dotp = (p[0] * q[0] + p[1] * q[1]);
-                   var val = Math.abs(dotp);
+             filesToFetch.push(key);
+           }
 
-                   if (val < lowerThreshold) {  // nearly orthogonal
-                       corner.i = i;
-                       corner.dotp = val;
-                       var vec = geoVecNormalize(geoVecAdd(p, q));
-                       return geoVecScale(vec, 0.1 * dotp * scale);
-                   }
+           return _loadPromise = Promise.all(filesToFetch.map(function (key) {
+             return _mainFileFetcher.get(key);
+           })).then(function (results) {
+             _dataLanguages = results[0];
+             _dataLocales = results[1];
+             var indexes = results.slice(2);
 
-                   return [0, 0];   // do nothing
-               }
-           };
+             var requestedLocales = (_preferredLocaleCodes || []).concat(utilDetect().browserLocales) // List of locales preferred by the browser in priority order.
+             .concat(['en']); // fallback to English since it's the only guaranteed complete language
 
 
-           // if we are only orthogonalizing one vertex,
-           // get that vertex and the previous and next
-           function nodeSubset(nodes, vertexID, isClosed) {
-               var first = isClosed ? 0 : 1;
-               var last = isClosed ? nodes.length : nodes.length - 1;
+             _localeCodes = localesToUseFrom(requestedLocales);
+             _localeCode = _localeCodes[0]; // Run iD in the highest-priority locale; the rest are fallbacks
 
-               for (var i = first; i < last; i++) {
-                   if (nodes[i].id === vertexID) {
-                       return [
-                           nodes[(i - 1 + nodes.length) % nodes.length],
-                           nodes[i],
-                           nodes[(i + 1) % nodes.length]
-                       ];
-                   }
-               }
+             var loadStringsPromises = [];
+             indexes.forEach(function (index, i) {
+               // Will always return the index for `en` if nothing else
+               var fullCoverageIndex = _localeCodes.findIndex(function (locale) {
+                 return index[locale] && index[locale].pct === 1;
+               }); // We only need to load locales up until we find one with full coverage
 
-               return [];
-           }
 
+               _localeCodes.slice(0, fullCoverageIndex + 1).forEach(function (code) {
+                 var scopeId = Object.keys(localeDirs)[i];
+                 var directory = Object.values(localeDirs)[i];
+                 if (index[code]) loadStringsPromises.push(localizer.loadLocale(code, scopeId, directory));
+               });
+             });
+             return Promise.all(loadStringsPromises);
+           }).then(function () {
+             updateForCurrentLocale();
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             return console.error(err);
+           }); // eslint-disable-line
+         }; // Returns the locales from `requestedLocales` supported by iD that we should use
 
-           action.disabled = function(graph) {
-               var way = graph.entity(wayID);
-               way = way.removeNode('');  // sanity check - remove any consecutive duplicates
-               graph = graph.replace(way);
 
-               var isClosed = way.isClosed();
-               var nodes = graph.childNodes(way).slice();  // shallow copy
-               if (isClosed) nodes.pop();
+         function localesToUseFrom(requestedLocales) {
+           var supportedLocales = _dataLocales;
+           var toUse = [];
 
-               var allowStraightAngles = false;
-               if (vertexID !== undefined) {
-                   allowStraightAngles = true;
-                   nodes = nodeSubset(nodes, vertexID, isClosed);
-                   if (nodes.length !== 3) return 'end_vertex';
-               }
+           for (var i in requestedLocales) {
+             var locale = requestedLocales[i];
+             if (supportedLocales[locale]) toUse.push(locale);
 
-               var coords = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
-               var score = geoOrthoCanOrthogonalize(coords, isClosed, epsilon, threshold, allowStraightAngles);
+             if (locale.includes('-')) {
+               // Full locale ('es-ES'), add fallback to the base ('es')
+               var langPart = locale.split('-')[0];
+               if (supportedLocales[langPart]) toUse.push(langPart);
+             }
+           } // remove duplicates
 
-               if (score === null) {
-                   return 'not_squarish';
-               } else if (score === 0) {
-                   return 'square_enough';
-               } else {
-                   return false;
-               }
-           };
 
+           return utilArrayUniq(toUse);
+         }
 
-           action.transitionable = true;
+         function updateForCurrentLocale() {
+           if (!_localeCode) return;
+           _languageCode = _localeCode.split('-')[0];
+           var currentData = _dataLocales[_localeCode] || _dataLocales[_languageCode];
+           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
 
-           return action;
-       }
+           if (hash.rtl === 'true') {
+             _textDirection = 'rtl';
+           } else if (hash.rtl === 'false') {
+             _textDirection = 'ltr';
+           } else {
+             _textDirection = currentData && currentData.rtl ? 'rtl' : 'ltr';
+           }
 
-       // `actionRestrictTurn` creates a turn restriction relation.
-       //
-       // `turn` must be an `osmTurn` object
-       // see osm/intersection.js, pathToTurn()
-       //
-       // This specifies a restriction of type `restriction` when traveling from
-       // `turn.from.way` toward `turn.to.way` via `turn.via.node` OR `turn.via.ways`.
-       // (The action does not check that these entities form a valid intersection.)
-       //
-       // From, to, and via ways should be split before calling this action.
-       // (old versions of the code would split the ways here, but we no longer do it)
-       //
-       // For testing convenience, accepts a restrictionID to assign to the new
-       // relation. Normally, this will be undefined and the relation will
-       // automatically be assigned a new ID.
-       //
-       function actionRestrictTurn(turn, restrictionType, restrictionID) {
+           var locale = _localeCode;
+           if (locale.toLowerCase() === 'en-us') locale = 'en';
+           _languageNames = _localeStrings.general[locale].languageNames;
+           _scriptNames = _localeStrings.general[locale].scriptNames;
+           _usesMetric = _localeCode.slice(-3).toLowerCase() !== '-us';
+         }
+         /* Locales */
+         // Returns a Promise to load the strings for the requested locale
 
-           return function(graph) {
-               var fromWay = graph.entity(turn.from.way);
-               var toWay = graph.entity(turn.to.way);
-               var viaNode = turn.via.node && graph.entity(turn.via.node);
-               var viaWays = turn.via.ways && turn.via.ways.map(function(id) { return graph.entity(id); });
-               var members = [];
 
-               members.push({ id: fromWay.id, type: 'way',  role: 'from' });
+         localizer.loadLocale = function (locale, scopeId, directory) {
+           // US English is the default
+           if (locale.toLowerCase() === 'en-us') locale = 'en';
 
-               if (viaNode) {
-                   members.push({ id: viaNode.id,  type: 'node', role: 'via' });
-               } else if (viaWays) {
-                   viaWays.forEach(function(viaWay) {
-                       members.push({ id: viaWay.id,  type: 'way', role: 'via' });
-                   });
-               }
+           if (_localeStrings[scopeId] && _localeStrings[scopeId][locale]) {
+             // already loaded
+             return Promise.resolve(locale);
+           }
 
-               members.push({ id: toWay.id, type: 'way',  role: 'to' });
+           var fileMap = _mainFileFetcher.fileMap();
+           var key = "locale_".concat(scopeId, "_").concat(locale);
 
-               return graph.replace(osmRelation({
-                   id: restrictionID,
-                   tags: {
-                       type: 'restriction',
-                       restriction: restrictionType
-                   },
-                   members: members
-               }));
-           };
-       }
+           if (!fileMap[key]) {
+             fileMap[key] = "".concat(directory, "/").concat(locale, ".min.json");
+           }
 
-       function actionRevert(id) {
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               var entity = graph.hasEntity(id),
-                   base = graph.base().entities[id];
-
-               if (entity && !base) {    // entity will be removed..
-                   if (entity.type === 'node') {
-                       graph.parentWays(entity)
-                           .forEach(function(parent) {
-                               parent = parent.removeNode(id);
-                               graph = graph.replace(parent);
-
-                               if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
-                                   graph = actionDeleteWay(parent.id)(graph);
-                               }
-                           });
-                   }
+           return _mainFileFetcher.get(key).then(function (d) {
+             if (!_localeStrings[scopeId]) _localeStrings[scopeId] = {};
+             _localeStrings[scopeId][locale] = d[locale];
+             return locale;
+           });
+         };
 
-                   graph.parentRelations(entity)
-                       .forEach(function(parent) {
-                           parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(id);
-                           graph = graph.replace(parent);
+         localizer.pluralRule = function (number) {
+           return pluralRule(number, _localeCode);
+         }; // Returns the plural rule for the given `number` with the given `localeCode`.
+         // One of: `zero`, `one`, `two`, `few`, `many`, `other`
 
-                           if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
-                               graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
-                           }
-                       });
-               }
 
-               return graph.revert(id);
-           };
+         function pluralRule(number, localeCode) {
+           // modern browsers have this functionality built-in
+           var rules = 'Intl' in window && Intl.PluralRules && new Intl.PluralRules(localeCode);
 
-           return action;
-       }
+           if (rules) {
+             return rules.select(number);
+           } // fallback to basic one/other, as in English
 
-       function actionRotate(rotateIds, pivot, angle, projection) {
 
-           var action = function(graph) {
-               return graph.update(function(graph) {
-                   utilGetAllNodes(rotateIds, graph).forEach(function(node) {
-                       var point = geoRotate([projection(node.loc)], angle, pivot)[0];
-                       graph = graph.replace(node.move(projection.invert(point)));
-                   });
-               });
-           };
+           if (number === 1) return 'one';
+           return 'other';
+         }
+         /**
+         * Try to find that string in `locale` or the current `_localeCode` matching
+         * the given `stringId`. If no string can be found in the requested locale,
+         * we'll recurse down all the `_localeCodes` until one is found.
+         *
+         * @param  {string}   stringId      string identifier
+         * @param  {object?}  replacements  token replacements and default string
+         * @param  {string?}  locale        locale to use (defaults to currentLocale)
+         * @return {string?}  localized string
+         */
 
-           return action;
-       }
 
-       /* Align nodes along their common axis */
-       function actionStraightenNodes(nodeIDs, projection) {
+         localizer.tInfo = function (origStringId, replacements, locale) {
+           var stringId = origStringId.trim();
+           var scopeId = 'general';
 
-           function positionAlongWay(a, o, b) {
-               return geoVecDot(a, b, o) / geoVecDot(b, b, o);
+           if (stringId[0] === '_') {
+             var split = stringId.split('.');
+             scopeId = split[0].slice(1);
+             stringId = split.slice(1).join('.');
            }
 
-           // returns the endpoints of the long axis of symmetry of the `points` bounding rect 
-           function getEndpoints(points) {
-               var ssr = geoGetSmallestSurroundingRectangle(points);
+           locale = locale || _localeCode;
+           var path = stringId.split('.').map(function (s) {
+             return s.replace(/<TX_DOT>/g, '.');
+           }).reverse();
+           var stringsKey = locale; // US English is the default
 
-               // Choose line pq = axis of symmetry.
-               // The shape's surrounding rectangle has 2 axes of symmetry.
-               // Snap points to the long axis
-               var p1 = [(ssr.poly[0][0] + ssr.poly[1][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[0][1] + ssr.poly[1][1]) / 2 ];
-               var q1 = [(ssr.poly[2][0] + ssr.poly[3][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[2][1] + ssr.poly[3][1]) / 2 ];
-               var p2 = [(ssr.poly[3][0] + ssr.poly[4][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[3][1] + ssr.poly[4][1]) / 2 ];
-               var q2 = [(ssr.poly[1][0] + ssr.poly[2][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[1][1] + ssr.poly[2][1]) / 2 ];
+           if (stringsKey.toLowerCase() === 'en-us') stringsKey = 'en';
+           var result = _localeStrings && _localeStrings[scopeId] && _localeStrings[scopeId][stringsKey];
 
-               var isLong = (geoVecLength(p1, q1) > geoVecLength(p2, q2));
-               if (isLong) {
-                   return [p1, q1];
-               }
-               return [p2, q2];
+           while (result !== undefined && path.length) {
+             result = result[path.pop()];
            }
 
+           if (result !== undefined) {
+             if (replacements) {
+               if (_typeof(result) === 'object' && Object.keys(result).length) {
+                 // If plural forms are provided, dig one level deeper based on the
+                 // first numeric token replacement provided.
+                 var number = Object.values(replacements).find(function (value) {
+                   return typeof value === 'number';
+                 });
 
-           var action = function(graph, t) {
-               if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
-               t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
-
-               var nodes = nodeIDs.map(function(id) { return graph.entity(id); });
-               var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
-               var endpoints = getEndpoints(points);
-               var startPoint = endpoints[0];
-               var endPoint = endpoints[1];
+                 if (number !== undefined) {
+                   var rule = pluralRule(number, locale);
 
-               // Move points onto the line connecting the endpoints
-               for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
-                   var node = nodes[i];
-                   var point = points[i];
-                   var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
-                   var point2 = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
-                   var loc2 = projection.invert(point2);
-                   graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc2, t)));
+                   if (result[rule]) {
+                     result = result[rule];
+                   } else {
+                     // We're pretty sure this should be a plural but no string
+                     // could be found for the given rule. Just pick the first
+                     // string and hope it makes sense.
+                     result = Object.values(result)[0];
+                   }
+                 }
                }
 
-               return graph;
-           };
-
-
-           action.disabled = function(graph) {
-
-               var nodes = nodeIDs.map(function(id) { return graph.entity(id); });
-               var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
-               var endpoints = getEndpoints(points);
-               var startPoint = endpoints[0];
-               var endPoint = endpoints[1];
-
-               var maxDistance = 0;
-
-               for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
-                   var point = points[i];
-                   var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
-                   var p = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
-                   var dist = geoVecLength(p, point);
+               if (typeof result === 'string') {
+                 for (var key in replacements) {
+                   var value = replacements[key];
 
-                   if (!isNaN(dist) && dist > maxDistance) {
-                       maxDistance = dist;
+                   if (typeof value === 'number') {
+                     if (value.toLocaleString) {
+                       // format numbers for the locale
+                       value = value.toLocaleString(locale, {
+                         style: 'decimal',
+                         useGrouping: true,
+                         minimumFractionDigits: 0
+                       });
+                     } else {
+                       value = value.toString();
+                     }
                    }
-               }
 
-               if (maxDistance < 0.0001) {
-                   return 'straight_enough';
+                   var token = "{".concat(key, "}");
+                   var regex = new RegExp(token, 'g');
+                   result = result.replace(regex, value);
+                 }
                }
-           };
-
+             }
 
-           action.transitionable = true;
+             if (typeof result === 'string') {
+               // found a localized string!
+               return {
+                 text: result,
+                 locale: locale
+               };
+             }
+           } // no localized string found...
+           // attempt to fallback to a lower-priority language
 
 
-           return action;
-       }
+           var index = _localeCodes.indexOf(locale);
 
-       /*
-        * Based on https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/net/systemeD/potlatch2/tools/Straighten.as
-        */
-       function actionStraightenWay(selectedIDs, projection) {
+           if (index >= 0 && index < _localeCodes.length - 1) {
+             // eventually this will be 'en' or another locale with 100% coverage
+             var fallback = _localeCodes[index + 1];
+             return localizer.tInfo(origStringId, replacements, fallback);
+           }
 
-           function positionAlongWay(a, o, b) {
-               return geoVecDot(a, b, o) / geoVecDot(b, b, o);
+           if (replacements && 'default' in replacements) {
+             // Fallback to a default value if one is specified in `replacements`
+             return {
+               text: replacements["default"],
+               locale: null
+             };
            }
 
-           // Return all selected ways as a continuous, ordered array of nodes
-           function allNodes(graph) {
-               var nodes = [];
-               var startNodes = [];
-               var endNodes = [];
-               var remainingWays = [];
-               var selectedWays = selectedIDs.filter(function(w) {
-                   return graph.entity(w).type === 'way';
-               });
-               var selectedNodes = selectedIDs.filter(function(n) {
-                   return graph.entity(n).type === 'node';
-               });
+           var missing = "Missing ".concat(locale, " translation: ").concat(origStringId);
+           if (typeof console !== 'undefined') console.error(missing); // eslint-disable-line
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < selectedWays.length; i++) {
-                   var way = graph.entity(selectedWays[i]);
-                   nodes = way.nodes.slice(0);
-                   remainingWays.push(nodes);
-                   startNodes.push(nodes[0]);
-                   endNodes.push(nodes[nodes.length-1]);
-               }
+           return {
+             text: missing,
+             locale: 'en'
+           };
+         };
 
-               // Remove duplicate end/startNodes (duplicate nodes cannot be at the line end,
-               //   and need to be removed so currNode difference calculation below works)
-               // i.e. ["n-1", "n-1", "n-2"] => ["n-2"]
-               startNodes = startNodes.filter(function(n) {
-                   return startNodes.indexOf(n) === startNodes.lastIndexOf(n);
-               });
-               endNodes = endNodes.filter(function(n) {
-                   return endNodes.indexOf(n) === endNodes.lastIndexOf(n);
-               });
+         localizer.hasTextForStringId = function (stringId) {
+           return !!localizer.tInfo(stringId, {
+             "default": 'nothing found'
+           }).locale;
+         }; // Returns only the localized text, discarding the locale info
 
-               // Choose the initial endpoint to start from
-               var currNode = utilArrayDifference(startNodes, endNodes)
-                   .concat(utilArrayDifference(endNodes, startNodes))[0];
-               var nextWay = [];
-               nodes = [];
-
-               // Create nested function outside of loop to avoid "function in loop" lint error
-               var getNextWay = function(currNode, remainingWays) {
-                   return remainingWays.filter(function(way) {
-                       return way[0] === currNode || way[way.length-1] === currNode;
-                   })[0];
-               };
 
-               // Add nodes to end of nodes array, until all ways are added
-               while (remainingWays.length) {
-                   nextWay = getNextWay(currNode, remainingWays);
-                   remainingWays = utilArrayDifference(remainingWays, [nextWay]);
+         localizer.t = function (stringId, replacements, locale) {
+           return localizer.tInfo(stringId, replacements, locale).text;
+         }; // Returns the localized text wrapped in an HTML element encoding the locale info
 
-                   if (nextWay[0] !== currNode) {
-                       nextWay.reverse();
-                   }
-                   nodes = nodes.concat(nextWay);
-                   currNode = nodes[nodes.length-1];
-               }
+         /**
+          * @deprecated This method is considered deprecated. Instead, use the direct DOM manipulating
+          *             method `t.append`.
+          */
 
-               // If user selected 2 nodes to straighten between, then slice nodes array to those nodes
-               if (selectedNodes.length === 2) {
-                   var startNodeIdx = nodes.indexOf(selectedNodes[0]);
-                   var endNodeIdx = nodes.indexOf(selectedNodes[1]);
-                   var sortedStartEnd = [startNodeIdx, endNodeIdx];
 
-                   sortedStartEnd.sort(function(a, b) { return a - b; });
-                   nodes = nodes.slice(sortedStartEnd[0], sortedStartEnd[1]+1);
-               }
+         localizer.t.html = function (stringId, replacements, locale) {
+           // replacement string might be html unsafe, so we need to escape it except if it is explicitly marked as html code
+           replacements = Object.assign({}, replacements);
+
+           for (var k in replacements) {
+             if (typeof replacements[k] === 'string') {
+               replacements[k] = escape$4(replacements[k]);
+             }
 
-               return nodes.map(function(n) { return graph.entity(n); });
+             if (_typeof(replacements[k]) === 'object' && typeof replacements[k].html === 'string') {
+               replacements[k] = replacements[k].html;
+             }
            }
 
-           function shouldKeepNode(node, graph) {
-               return graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 ||
-                   graph.parentRelations(node).length ||
-                   node.hasInterestingTags();
+           var info = localizer.tInfo(stringId, replacements, locale); // text may be empty or undefined if `replacements.default` is
+
+           if (info.text) {
+             return "<span class=\"localized-text\" lang=\"".concat(info.locale || 'und', "\">").concat(info.text, "</span>");
+           } else {
+             return '';
            }
+         }; // Adds localized text wrapped as an HTML span element with locale info to the DOM
 
 
-           var action = function(graph, t) {
-               if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
-               t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
+         localizer.t.append = function (stringId, replacements, locale) {
+           return function (selection) {
+             var info = localizer.tInfo(stringId, replacements, locale);
+             return selection.append('span').attr('class', 'localized-text').attr('lang', info.locale || 'und').text((replacements && replacements.prefix || '') + info.text + (replacements && replacements.suffix || ''));
+           };
+         };
 
-               var nodes = allNodes(graph);
-               var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
-               var startPoint = points[0];
-               var endPoint = points[points.length-1];
-               var toDelete = [];
-               var i;
+         localizer.languageName = function (code, options) {
+           if (_languageNames[code]) {
+             // name in locale language
+             // e.g. "German"
+             return _languageNames[code];
+           } // sometimes we only want the local name
 
-               for (i = 1; i < points.length-1; i++) {
-                   var node = nodes[i];
-                   var point = points[i];
 
-                   if (t < 1 || shouldKeepNode(node, graph)) {
-                       var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
-                       var p = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
-                       var loc2 = projection.invert(p);
-                       graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc2, t)));
+           if (options && options.localOnly) return null;
+           var langInfo = _dataLanguages[code];
 
-                   } else {
-                       // safe to delete
-                       if (toDelete.indexOf(node) === -1) {
-                           toDelete.push(node);
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+           if (langInfo) {
+             if (langInfo.nativeName) {
+               // name in native language
+               // e.g. "Deutsch (de)"
+               return localizer.t('translate.language_and_code', {
+                 language: langInfo.nativeName,
+                 code: code
+               });
+             } else if (langInfo.base && langInfo.script) {
+               var base = langInfo.base; // the code of the language this is based on
+
+               if (_languageNames[base]) {
+                 // base language name in locale language
+                 var scriptCode = langInfo.script;
+                 var script = _scriptNames[scriptCode] || scriptCode; // e.g. "Serbian (Cyrillic)"
 
-               for (i = 0; i < toDelete.length; i++) {
-                   graph = actionDeleteNode(toDelete[i].id)(graph);
+                 return localizer.t('translate.language_and_code', {
+                   language: _languageNames[base],
+                   code: script
+                 });
+               } else if (_dataLanguages[base] && _dataLanguages[base].nativeName) {
+                 // e.g. "српски (sr-Cyrl)"
+                 return localizer.t('translate.language_and_code', {
+                   language: _dataLanguages[base].nativeName,
+                   code: code
+                 });
                }
+             }
+           }
 
-               return graph;
-           };
+           return code; // if not found, use the code
+         };
 
+         return localizer;
+       }
 
-           action.disabled = function(graph) {
-               // check way isn't too bendy
-               var nodes = allNodes(graph);
-               var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
-               var startPoint = points[0];
-               var endPoint = points[points.length-1];
-               var threshold = 0.2 * geoVecLength(startPoint, endPoint);
-               var i;
+       // `presetCollection` is a wrapper around an `Array` of presets `collection`,
+       // and decorated with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
+       //
 
-               if (threshold === 0) {
-                   return 'too_bendy';
-               }
+       function presetCollection(collection) {
+         var MAXRESULTS = 50;
+         var _this = {};
+         var _memo = {};
+         _this.collection = collection;
 
-               var maxDistance = 0;
+         _this.item = function (id) {
+           if (_memo[id]) return _memo[id];
 
-               for (i = 1; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
-                   var point = points[i];
-                   var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
-                   var p = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
-                   var dist = geoVecLength(p, point);
+           var found = _this.collection.find(function (d) {
+             return d.id === id;
+           });
 
-                   // to bendy if point is off by 20% of total start/end distance in projected space
-                   if (isNaN(dist) || dist > threshold) {
-                       return 'too_bendy';
-                   } else if (dist > maxDistance) {
-                       maxDistance = dist;
-                   }
-               }
+           if (found) _memo[id] = found;
+           return found;
+         };
 
-               var keepingAllNodes = nodes.every(function(node, i) {
-                   return i === 0 || i === nodes.length - 1 || shouldKeepNode(node, graph);
-               });
+         _this.index = function (id) {
+           return _this.collection.findIndex(function (d) {
+             return d.id === id;
+           });
+         };
 
-               if (maxDistance < 0.0001 &&
-                   // Allow straightening even if already straight in order to remove extraneous nodes
-                   keepingAllNodes) {
-                   return 'straight_enough';
-               }
-           };
+         _this.matchGeometry = function (geometry) {
+           return presetCollection(_this.collection.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.matchGeometry(geometry);
+           }));
+         };
 
-           action.transitionable = true;
+         _this.matchAllGeometry = function (geometries) {
+           return presetCollection(_this.collection.filter(function (d) {
+             return d && d.matchAllGeometry(geometries);
+           }));
+         };
 
+         _this.matchAnyGeometry = function (geometries) {
+           return presetCollection(_this.collection.filter(function (d) {
+             return geometries.some(function (geom) {
+               return d.matchGeometry(geom);
+             });
+           }));
+         };
 
-           return action;
-       }
+         _this.fallback = function (geometry) {
+           var id = geometry;
+           if (id === 'vertex') id = 'point';
+           return _this.item(id);
+         };
 
-       // `actionUnrestrictTurn` deletes a turn restriction relation.
-       //
-       // `turn` must be an `osmTurn` object with a `restrictionID` property.
-       // see osm/intersection.js, pathToTurn()
-       //
-       function actionUnrestrictTurn(turn) {
-           return function(graph) {
-               return actionDeleteRelation(turn.restrictionID)(graph);
-           };
-       }
+         _this.search = function (value, geometry, loc) {
+           if (!value) return _this; // don't remove diacritical characters since we're assuming the user is being intentional
 
-       /* Reflect the given area around its axis of symmetry */
-       function actionReflect(reflectIds, projection) {
-           var _useLongAxis = true;
-
-
-           var action = function(graph, t) {
-               if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
-               t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
-
-               var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(reflectIds, graph);
-               var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
-               var ssr = geoGetSmallestSurroundingRectangle(points);
-
-               // Choose line pq = axis of symmetry.
-               // The shape's surrounding rectangle has 2 axes of symmetry.
-               // Reflect across the longer axis by default.
-               var p1 = [(ssr.poly[0][0] + ssr.poly[1][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[0][1] + ssr.poly[1][1]) / 2 ];
-               var q1 = [(ssr.poly[2][0] + ssr.poly[3][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[2][1] + ssr.poly[3][1]) / 2 ];
-               var p2 = [(ssr.poly[3][0] + ssr.poly[4][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[3][1] + ssr.poly[4][1]) / 2 ];
-               var q2 = [(ssr.poly[1][0] + ssr.poly[2][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[1][1] + ssr.poly[2][1]) / 2 ];
-               var p, q;
-
-               var isLong = (geoVecLength(p1, q1) > geoVecLength(p2, q2));
-               if ((_useLongAxis && isLong) || (!_useLongAxis && !isLong)) {
-                   p = p1;
-                   q = q1;
-               } else {
-                   p = p2;
-                   q = q2;
-               }
-
-               // reflect c across pq
-               // http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/65503/point-reflection-over-a-line
-               var dx = q[0] - p[0];
-               var dy = q[1] - p[1];
-               var a = (dx * dx - dy * dy) / (dx * dx + dy * dy);
-               var b = 2 * dx * dy / (dx * dx + dy * dy);
-               for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
-                   var node = nodes[i];
-                   var c = projection(node.loc);
-                   var c2 = [
-                       a * (c[0] - p[0]) + b * (c[1] - p[1]) + p[0],
-                       b * (c[0] - p[0]) - a * (c[1] - p[1]) + p[1]
-                   ];
-                   var loc2 = projection.invert(c2);
-                   node = node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc2, t));
-                   graph = graph.replace(node);
-               }
+           value = value.toLowerCase().trim(); // match at name beginning or just after a space (e.g. "office" -> match "Law Office")
 
-               return graph;
-           };
+           function leading(a) {
+             var index = a.indexOf(value);
+             return index === 0 || a[index - 1] === ' ';
+           } // match at name beginning only
 
 
-           action.useLongAxis = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _useLongAxis;
-               _useLongAxis = val;
-               return action;
-           };
+           function leadingStrict(a) {
+             var index = a.indexOf(value);
+             return index === 0;
+           }
 
+           function sortPresets(nameProp) {
+             return function sortNames(a, b) {
+               var aCompare = a[nameProp]();
+               var bCompare = b[nameProp](); // priority if search string matches preset name exactly - #4325
 
-           action.transitionable = true;
+               if (value === aCompare) return -1;
+               if (value === bCompare) return 1; // priority for higher matchScore
 
+               var i = b.originalScore - a.originalScore;
+               if (i !== 0) return i; // priority if search string appears earlier in preset name
 
-           return action;
-       }
+               i = aCompare.indexOf(value) - bCompare.indexOf(value);
+               if (i !== 0) return i; // priority for shorter preset names
 
-       function actionUpgradeTags(entityId, oldTags, replaceTags) {
+               return aCompare.length - bCompare.length;
+             };
+           }
 
-           return function(graph) {
-               var entity = graph.entity(entityId);
-               var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);  // shallow copy
-               var transferValue;
-               var semiIndex;
+           var pool = _this.collection;
 
-               for (var oldTagKey in oldTags) {
-                   if (oldTags[oldTagKey] === '*') {
-                       transferValue = tags[oldTagKey];
-                       delete tags[oldTagKey];
-                   } else {
-                       var vals = tags[oldTagKey].split(';').filter(Boolean);
-                       var oldIndex = vals.indexOf(oldTags[oldTagKey]);
-                       if (vals.length === 1 || oldIndex === -1) {
-                           delete tags[oldTagKey];
-                       } else {
-                           if (replaceTags && replaceTags[oldTagKey]) {
-                               // replacing a value within a semicolon-delimited value, note the index
-                               semiIndex = oldIndex;
-                           }
-                           vals.splice(oldIndex, 1);
-                           tags[oldTagKey] = vals.join(';');
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+           if (Array.isArray(loc)) {
+             var validLocations = _mainLocations.locationsAt(loc);
+             pool = pool.filter(function (a) {
+               return !a.locationSetID || validLocations[a.locationSetID];
+             });
+           }
 
-               if (replaceTags) {
-                   for (var replaceKey in replaceTags) {
-                       var replaceValue = replaceTags[replaceKey];
-                       if (replaceValue === '*') {
-                           if (tags[replaceKey] && tags[replaceKey] !== 'no') {
-                               // allow any pre-existing value except `no` (troll tag)
-                               continue;
-                           } else {
-                               // otherwise assume `yes` is okay
-                               tags[replaceKey] = 'yes';
-                           }
-                       } else if (replaceValue === '$1') {
-                           tags[replaceKey] = transferValue;
-                       } else {
-                           if (tags[replaceKey] && oldTags[replaceKey] && semiIndex !== undefined) {
-                               // don't override preexisting values
-                               var existingVals = tags[replaceKey].split(';').filter(Boolean);
-                               if (existingVals.indexOf(replaceValue) === -1) {
-                                   existingVals.splice(semiIndex, 0, replaceValue);
-                                   tags[replaceKey] = existingVals.join(';');
-                               }
-                           } else {
-                               tags[replaceKey] = replaceValue;
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+           var searchable = pool.filter(function (a) {
+             return a.searchable !== false && a.suggestion !== true;
+           });
+           var suggestions = pool.filter(function (a) {
+             return a.suggestion === true;
+           }); // matches value to preset.name
+
+           var leadingNames = searchable.filter(function (a) {
+             return leading(a.searchName());
+           }).sort(sortPresets('searchName')); // matches value to preset suggestion name
+
+           var leadingSuggestions = suggestions.filter(function (a) {
+             return leadingStrict(a.searchName());
+           }).sort(sortPresets('searchName'));
+           var leadingNamesStripped = searchable.filter(function (a) {
+             return leading(a.searchNameStripped());
+           }).sort(sortPresets('searchNameStripped'));
+           var leadingSuggestionsStripped = suggestions.filter(function (a) {
+             return leadingStrict(a.searchNameStripped());
+           }).sort(sortPresets('searchNameStripped')); // matches value to preset.terms values
+
+           var leadingTerms = searchable.filter(function (a) {
+             return (a.terms() || []).some(leading);
+           });
+           var leadingSuggestionTerms = suggestions.filter(function (a) {
+             return (a.terms() || []).some(leading);
+           }); // matches value to preset.tags values
 
-               return graph.replace(entity.update({ tags: tags }));
-           };
-       }
+           var leadingTagValues = searchable.filter(function (a) {
+             return Object.values(a.tags || {}).filter(function (val) {
+               return val !== '*';
+             }).some(leading);
+           }); // finds close matches to value in preset.name
 
-       function behaviorEdit(context) {
+           var similarName = searchable.map(function (a) {
+             return {
+               preset: a,
+               dist: utilEditDistance(value, a.searchName())
+             };
+           }).filter(function (a) {
+             return a.dist + Math.min(value.length - a.preset.searchName().length, 0) < 3;
+           }).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a.dist - b.dist;
+           }).map(function (a) {
+             return a.preset;
+           }); // finds close matches to value to preset suggestion name
+
+           var similarSuggestions = suggestions.map(function (a) {
+             return {
+               preset: a,
+               dist: utilEditDistance(value, a.searchName())
+             };
+           }).filter(function (a) {
+             return a.dist + Math.min(value.length - a.preset.searchName().length, 0) < 1;
+           }).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a.dist - b.dist;
+           }).map(function (a) {
+             return a.preset;
+           }); // finds close matches to value in preset.terms
+
+           var similarTerms = searchable.filter(function (a) {
+             return (a.terms() || []).some(function (b) {
+               return utilEditDistance(value, b) + Math.min(value.length - b.length, 0) < 3;
+             });
+           });
+           var results = leadingNames.concat(leadingSuggestions, leadingNamesStripped, leadingSuggestionsStripped, leadingTerms, leadingSuggestionTerms, leadingTagValues, similarName, similarSuggestions, similarTerms).slice(0, MAXRESULTS - 1);
 
-           function behavior() {
-               context.map()
-                   .minzoom(context.minEditableZoom());
+           if (geometry) {
+             if (typeof geometry === 'string') {
+               results.push(_this.fallback(geometry));
+             } else {
+               geometry.forEach(function (geom) {
+                 return results.push(_this.fallback(geom));
+               });
+             }
            }
 
+           return presetCollection(utilArrayUniq(results));
+         };
 
-           behavior.off = function() {
-               context.map()
-                   .minzoom(0);
-           };
+         return _this;
+       }
+
+       // `presetCategory` builds a `presetCollection` of member presets,
+       // decorated with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
+       //
 
-           return behavior;
-       }
+       function presetCategory(categoryID, category, allPresets) {
+         var _this = Object.assign({}, category); // shallow copy
 
-       /*
-          The hover behavior adds the `.hover` class on pointerover to all elements to which
-          the identical datum is bound, and removes it on pointerout.
 
-          The :hover pseudo-class is insufficient for iD's purposes because a datum's visual
-          representation may consist of several elements scattered throughout the DOM hierarchy.
-          Only one of these elements can have the :hover pseudo-class, but all of them will
-          have the .hover class.
-        */
-       function behaviorHover(context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('hover');
-           var _selection = select(null);
-           var _newNodeId = null;
-           var _initialNodeID = null;
-           var _altDisables;
-           var _ignoreVertex;
-           var _targets = [];
+         var _searchName; // cache
 
-           // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
-           var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
+         var _searchNameStripped; // cache
 
-           function keydown() {
-               if (_altDisables && event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
-                   _selection.selectAll('.hover')
-                       .classed('hover-suppressed', true)
-                       .classed('hover', false);
 
-                   _selection
-                       .classed('hover-disabled', true);
+         _this.id = categoryID;
+         _this.members = presetCollection((category.members || []).map(function (presetID) {
+           return allPresets[presetID];
+         }).filter(Boolean));
+         _this.geometry = _this.members.collection.reduce(function (acc, preset) {
+           for (var i in preset.geometry) {
+             var geometry = preset.geometry[i];
 
-                   dispatch$1.call('hover', this, null);
-               }
+             if (acc.indexOf(geometry) === -1) {
+               acc.push(geometry);
+             }
            }
 
+           return acc;
+         }, []);
 
-           function keyup() {
-               if (_altDisables && event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
-                   _selection.selectAll('.hover-suppressed')
-                       .classed('hover-suppressed', false)
-                       .classed('hover', true);
+         _this.matchGeometry = function (geom) {
+           return _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) >= 0;
+         };
 
-                   _selection
-                       .classed('hover-disabled', false);
+         _this.matchAllGeometry = function (geometries) {
+           return _this.members.collection.some(function (preset) {
+             return preset.matchAllGeometry(geometries);
+           });
+         };
 
-                   dispatch$1.call('hover', this, _targets);
-               }
-           }
+         _this.matchScore = function () {
+           return -1;
+         };
+
+         _this.name = function () {
+           return _t("_tagging.presets.categories.".concat(categoryID, ".name"), {
+             'default': categoryID
+           });
+         };
 
+         _this.nameLabel = function () {
+           return _t.html("_tagging.presets.categories.".concat(categoryID, ".name"), {
+             'default': categoryID
+           });
+         };
 
-           function behavior(selection) {
-               _selection = selection;
+         _this.terms = function () {
+           return [];
+         };
 
-               _targets = [];
+         _this.searchName = function () {
+           if (!_searchName) {
+             _searchName = (_this.suggestion ? _this.originalName : _this.name()).toLowerCase();
+           }
 
-               if (_initialNodeID) {
-                   _newNodeId = _initialNodeID;
-                   _initialNodeID = null;
-               } else {
-                   _newNodeId = null;
-               }
+           return _searchName;
+         };
 
-               _selection
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'over.hover', pointerover)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'out.hover', pointerout)
-                   // treat pointerdown as pointerover for touch devices
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.hover', pointerover);
+         _this.searchNameStripped = function () {
+           if (!_searchNameStripped) {
+             _searchNameStripped = _this.searchName(); // split combined diacritical characters into their parts
 
-               select(window)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.hover pointercancel.hover', pointerout, true)
-                   .on('keydown.hover', keydown)
-                   .on('keyup.hover', keyup);
+             if (_searchNameStripped.normalize) _searchNameStripped = _searchNameStripped.normalize('NFD'); // remove diacritics
 
+             _searchNameStripped = _searchNameStripped.replace(/[\u0300-\u036f]/g, '');
+           }
 
-               function eventTarget() {
-                   var datum = event.target && event.target.__data__;
-                   if (typeof datum !== 'object') return null;
-                   if (!(datum instanceof osmEntity) && datum.properties && (datum.properties.entity instanceof osmEntity)) {
-                       return datum.properties.entity;
-                   }
-                   return datum;
-               }
+           return _searchNameStripped;
+         };
 
-               function pointerover() {
-                   // ignore mouse hovers with buttons pressed unless dragging
-                   if (context.mode().id.indexOf('drag') === -1 &&
-                       (!event.pointerType || event.pointerType === 'mouse') &&
-                       event.buttons) return;
+         return _this;
+       }
 
-                   var target = eventTarget();
-                   if (target && _targets.indexOf(target) === -1) {
-                       _targets.push(target);
-                       updateHover(_targets);
-                   }
-               }
+       // `presetField` decorates a given `field` Object
+       // with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
+       //
 
-               function pointerout() {
+       function presetField(fieldID, field) {
+         var _this = Object.assign({}, field); // shallow copy
 
-                   var target = eventTarget();
-                   var index = _targets.indexOf(target);
-                   if (index !== -1) {
-                       _targets.splice(index);
-                       updateHover(_targets);
-                   }
-               }
 
-               function allowsVertex(d) {
-                   return d.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(d, context.graph());
-               }
+         _this.id = fieldID; // for use in classes, element ids, css selectors
 
-               function modeAllowsHover(target) {
-                   var mode = context.mode();
-                   if (mode.id === 'add-point') {
-                       return mode.preset.matchGeometry('vertex') ||
-                           (target.type !== 'way' && target.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex');
-                   }
-                   return true;
-               }
+         _this.safeid = utilSafeClassName(fieldID);
 
-               function updateHover(targets) {
+         _this.matchGeometry = function (geom) {
+           return !_this.geometry || _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) !== -1;
+         };
 
-                   _selection.selectAll('.hover')
-                       .classed('hover', false);
-                   _selection.selectAll('.hover-suppressed')
-                       .classed('hover-suppressed', false);
+         _this.matchAllGeometry = function (geometries) {
+           return !_this.geometry || geometries.every(function (geom) {
+             return _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) !== -1;
+           });
+         };
 
-                   var mode = context.mode();
+         _this.t = function (scope, options) {
+           return _t("_tagging.presets.fields.".concat(fieldID, ".").concat(scope), options);
+         };
 
-                   if (!_newNodeId && (mode.id === 'draw-line' || mode.id === 'draw-area')) {
-                       var node = targets.find(function(target) {
-                           return target instanceof osmEntity && target.type === 'node';
-                       });
-                       _newNodeId = node && node.id;
-                   }
+         _this.t.html = function (scope, options) {
+           return _t.html("_tagging.presets.fields.".concat(fieldID, ".").concat(scope), options);
+         };
 
-                   targets = targets.filter(function(datum) {
-                       if (datum instanceof osmEntity) {
-                           // If drawing a way, don't hover on a node that was just placed. #3974
-                           return datum.id !== _newNodeId &&
-                               (datum.type !== 'node' || !_ignoreVertex || allowsVertex(datum)) &&
-                               modeAllowsHover(datum);
-                       }
-                       return true;
-                   });
+         _this.hasTextForStringId = function (scope) {
+           return _mainLocalizer.hasTextForStringId("_tagging.presets.fields.".concat(fieldID, ".").concat(scope));
+         };
 
-                   var selector = '';
+         _this.title = function () {
+           return _this.overrideLabel || _this.t('label', {
+             'default': fieldID
+           });
+         };
 
-                   for (var i in targets) {
-                       var datum = targets[i];
+         _this.label = function () {
+           return _this.overrideLabel || _this.t.html('label', {
+             'default': fieldID
+           });
+         };
 
-                       // What are we hovering over?
-                       if (datum.__featurehash__) {
-                           // hovering custom data
-                           selector += ', .data' + datum.__featurehash__;
+         var _placeholder = _this.placeholder;
 
-                       } else if (datum instanceof QAItem) {
-                           selector += ', .' + datum.service + '.itemId-' + datum.id;
+         _this.placeholder = function () {
+           return _this.t('placeholder', {
+             'default': _placeholder
+           });
+         };
 
-                       } else if (datum instanceof osmNote) {
-                           selector += ', .note-' + datum.id;
+         _this.originalTerms = (_this.terms || []).join();
 
-                       } else if (datum instanceof osmEntity) {
-                           selector += ', .' + datum.id;
-                           if (datum.type === 'relation') {
-                               for (var j in datum.members) {
-                                   selector += ', .' + datum.members[j].id;
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
+         _this.terms = function () {
+           return _this.t('terms', {
+             'default': _this.originalTerms
+           }).toLowerCase().trim().split(/\s*,+\s*/);
+         };
 
-                   var suppressed = _altDisables && event && event.altKey;
+         _this.increment = _this.type === 'number' ? _this.increment || 1 : undefined;
+         return _this;
+       }
 
-                   if (selector.trim().length) {
-                       // remove the first comma
-                       selector = selector.slice(1);
-                       _selection.selectAll(selector)
-                           .classed(suppressed ? 'hover-suppressed' : 'hover', true);
-                   }
+       // `presetPreset` decorates a given `preset` Object
+       // with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
+       //
 
-                   dispatch$1.call('hover', this, !suppressed && targets);
-               }
-           }
+       function presetPreset(presetID, preset, addable, allFields, allPresets) {
+         allFields = allFields || {};
+         allPresets = allPresets || {};
 
+         var _this = Object.assign({}, preset); // shallow copy
 
-           behavior.off = function(selection) {
-               selection.selectAll('.hover')
-                   .classed('hover', false);
-               selection.selectAll('.hover-suppressed')
-                   .classed('hover-suppressed', false);
-               selection
-                   .classed('hover-disabled', false);
 
-               selection
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'over.hover', null)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'out.hover', null)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.hover', null);
+         var _addable = addable || false;
 
-               select(window)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.hover pointercancel.hover', null, true)
-                   .on('keydown.hover', null)
-                   .on('keyup.hover', null);
-           };
+         var _resolvedFields; // cache
 
 
-           behavior.altDisables = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _altDisables;
-               _altDisables = val;
-               return behavior;
-           };
+         var _resolvedMoreFields; // cache
 
-           behavior.ignoreVertex = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _ignoreVertex;
-               _ignoreVertex = val;
-               return behavior;
-           };
 
-           behavior.initialNodeID = function(nodeId) {
-               _initialNodeID = nodeId;
-               return behavior;
-           };
+         var _searchName; // cache
 
-           return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
 
-       var _disableSpace = false;
-       var _lastSpace = null;
+         var _searchNameStripped; // cache
 
 
-       function behaviorDraw(context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch(
-               'move', 'down', 'downcancel', 'click', 'clickWay', 'clickNode', 'undo', 'cancel', 'finish'
-           );
+         _this.id = presetID;
+         _this.safeid = utilSafeClassName(presetID); // for use in css classes, selectors, element ids
 
-           var keybinding = utilKeybinding('draw');
+         _this.originalTerms = (_this.terms || []).join();
+         _this.originalName = _this.name || '';
+         _this.originalScore = _this.matchScore || 1;
+         _this.originalReference = _this.reference || {};
+         _this.originalFields = _this.fields || [];
+         _this.originalMoreFields = _this.moreFields || [];
 
-           var _hover = behaviorHover(context)
-               .altDisables(true)
-               .ignoreVertex(true)
-               .on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hover);
-           var _edit = behaviorEdit(context);
+         _this.fields = function () {
+           return _resolvedFields || (_resolvedFields = resolve('fields'));
+         };
 
-           var _closeTolerance = 4;
-           var _tolerance = 12;
-           var _mouseLeave = false;
-           var _lastMouse = null;
-           var _lastPointerUpEvent;
+         _this.moreFields = function () {
+           return _resolvedMoreFields || (_resolvedMoreFields = resolve('moreFields'));
+         };
 
-           var _downPointer;
+         _this.resetFields = function () {
+           return _resolvedFields = _resolvedMoreFields = null;
+         };
 
-           // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
-           var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
+         _this.tags = _this.tags || {};
+         _this.addTags = _this.addTags || _this.tags;
+         _this.removeTags = _this.removeTags || _this.addTags;
+         _this.geometry = _this.geometry || [];
 
+         _this.matchGeometry = function (geom) {
+           return _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) >= 0;
+         };
 
-           // related code
-           // - `mode/drag_node.js` `datum()`
-           function datum() {
-               var mode = context.mode();
-               var isNote = mode && (mode.id.indexOf('note') !== -1);
-               if (event.altKey || isNote) return {};
+         _this.matchAllGeometry = function (geoms) {
+           return geoms.every(_this.matchGeometry);
+         };
 
-               var element;
-               if (event.type === 'keydown') {
-                   element = _lastMouse && _lastMouse.target;
-               } else {
-                   element = event.target;
-               }
+         _this.matchScore = function (entityTags) {
+           var tags = _this.tags;
+           var seen = {};
+           var score = 0; // match on tags
 
-               // When drawing, snap only to touch targets..
-               // (this excludes area fills and active drawing elements)
-               var d = element.__data__;
-               return (d && d.properties && d.properties.target) ? d : {};
-           }
+           for (var k in tags) {
+             seen[k] = true;
 
-           function pointerdown() {
+             if (entityTags[k] === tags[k]) {
+               score += _this.originalScore;
+             } else if (tags[k] === '*' && k in entityTags) {
+               score += _this.originalScore / 2;
+             } else {
+               return -1;
+             }
+           } // boost score for additional matches in addTags - #6802
 
-               if (_downPointer) return;
 
-               var pointerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(this);
-               _downPointer = {
-                   id: event.pointerId || 'mouse',
-                   pointerLocGetter: pointerLocGetter,
-                   downTime: +new Date(),
-                   downLoc: pointerLocGetter(event)
-               };
+           var addTags = _this.addTags;
 
-               dispatch$1.call('down', this, datum());
+           for (var _k in addTags) {
+             if (!seen[_k] && entityTags[_k] === addTags[_k]) {
+               score += _this.originalScore;
+             }
            }
 
-           function pointerup() {
+           return score;
+         };
 
-               if (!_downPointer || _downPointer.id !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+         _this.t = function (scope, options) {
+           var textID = "_tagging.presets.presets.".concat(presetID, ".").concat(scope);
+           return _t(textID, options);
+         };
 
-               var downPointer = _downPointer;
-               _downPointer = null;
+         _this.t.html = function (scope, options) {
+           var textID = "_tagging.presets.presets.".concat(presetID, ".").concat(scope);
+           return _t.html(textID, options);
+         };
 
-               _lastPointerUpEvent = event;
+         _this.name = function () {
+           return _this.t('name', {
+             'default': _this.originalName
+           });
+         };
 
-               if (downPointer.isCancelled) return;
+         _this.nameLabel = function () {
+           return _this.t.html('name', {
+             'default': _this.originalName
+           });
+         };
 
-               var t2 = +new Date();
-               var p2 = downPointer.pointerLocGetter(event);
-               var dist = geoVecLength(downPointer.downLoc, p2);
+         _this.subtitle = function () {
+           if (_this.suggestion) {
+             var path = presetID.split('/');
+             path.pop(); // remove brand name
 
-               if (dist < _closeTolerance || (dist < _tolerance && (t2 - downPointer.downTime) < 500)) {
-                   // Prevent a quick second click
-                   select(window).on('click.draw-block', function() {
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                   }, true);
+             return _t('_tagging.presets.presets.' + path.join('/') + '.name');
+           }
 
-                   context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(false);
+           return null;
+         };
 
-                   window.setTimeout(function() {
-                       context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
-                       select(window).on('click.draw-block', null);
-                   }, 500);
+         _this.subtitleLabel = function () {
+           if (_this.suggestion) {
+             var path = presetID.split('/');
+             path.pop(); // remove brand name
 
-                   click(p2);
-               }
+             return _t.html('_tagging.presets.presets.' + path.join('/') + '.name');
            }
 
-           function pointermove() {
-               if (_downPointer &&
-                   _downPointer.id === (event.pointerId || 'mouse') &&
-                   !_downPointer.isCancelled) {
-                   var p2 = _downPointer.pointerLocGetter(event);
-                   var dist = geoVecLength(_downPointer.downLoc, p2);
-                   if (dist >= _closeTolerance) {
-                       _downPointer.isCancelled = true;
-                       dispatch$1.call('downcancel', this);
-                   }
-               }
-
-               if ((event.pointerType && event.pointerType !== 'mouse') ||
-                   event.buttons ||
-                   _downPointer) return;
+           return null;
+         };
 
-               // HACK: Mobile Safari likes to send one or more `mouse` type pointermove
-               // events immediately after non-mouse pointerup events; detect and ignore them.
-               if (_lastPointerUpEvent &&
-                   _lastPointerUpEvent.pointerType !== 'mouse' &&
-                   event.timeStamp - _lastPointerUpEvent.timeStamp < 100) return;
+         _this.terms = function () {
+           return _this.t('terms', {
+             'default': _this.originalTerms
+           }).toLowerCase().trim().split(/\s*,+\s*/);
+         };
 
-               _lastMouse = event;
-               dispatch$1.call('move', this, datum());
+         _this.searchName = function () {
+           if (!_searchName) {
+             _searchName = (_this.suggestion ? _this.originalName : _this.name()).toLowerCase();
            }
 
-           function pointercancel() {
-               if (_downPointer &&
-                   _downPointer.id === (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) {
+           return _searchName;
+         };
 
-                   if (!_downPointer.isCancelled) {
-                       dispatch$1.call('downcancel', this);
-                   }
-                   _downPointer = null;
-               }
-           }
+         _this.searchNameStripped = function () {
+           if (!_searchNameStripped) {
+             _searchNameStripped = _this.searchName(); // split combined diacritical characters into their parts
 
-           function mouseenter() {
-               _mouseLeave = false;
-           }
+             if (_searchNameStripped.normalize) _searchNameStripped = _searchNameStripped.normalize('NFD'); // remove diacritics
 
-           function mouseleave() {
-               _mouseLeave = true;
+             _searchNameStripped = _searchNameStripped.replace(/[\u0300-\u036f]/g, '');
            }
 
-           function allowsVertex(d) {
-               return d.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(d, context.graph());
-           }
+           return _searchNameStripped;
+         };
 
-           // related code
-           // - `mode/drag_node.js`     `doMove()`
-           // - `behavior/draw.js`      `click()`
-           // - `behavior/draw_way.js`  `move()`
-           function click(loc) {
-               var d = datum();
-               var target = d && d.properties && d.properties.entity;
+         _this.isFallback = function () {
+           var tagCount = Object.keys(_this.tags).length;
+           return tagCount === 0 || tagCount === 1 && _this.tags.hasOwnProperty('area');
+         };
 
-               var mode = context.mode();
+         _this.addable = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _addable;
+           _addable = val;
+           return _this;
+         };
 
-               if (target && target.type === 'node' && allowsVertex(target)) {   // Snap to a node
-                   dispatch$1.call('clickNode', this, target, d);
-                   return;
+         _this.reference = function () {
+           // Lookup documentation on Wikidata...
+           var qid = _this.tags.wikidata || _this.tags['flag:wikidata'] || _this.tags['brand:wikidata'] || _this.tags['network:wikidata'] || _this.tags['operator:wikidata'];
+
+           if (qid) {
+             return {
+               qid: qid
+             };
+           } // Lookup documentation on OSM Wikibase...
 
-               } else if (target && target.type === 'way' && (mode.id !== 'add-point' || mode.preset.matchGeometry('vertex'))) {   // Snap to a way
-                   var choice = geoChooseEdge(
-                       context.graph().childNodes(target), loc, context.projection, context.activeID()
-                   );
-                   if (choice) {
-                       var edge = [target.nodes[choice.index - 1], target.nodes[choice.index]];
-                       dispatch$1.call('clickWay', this, choice.loc, edge, d);
-                       return;
-                   }
-               } else if (mode.id !== 'add-point' || mode.preset.matchGeometry('point')) {
-                   var locLatLng = context.projection.invert(loc);
-                   dispatch$1.call('click', this, locLatLng, d);
-               }
 
+           var key = _this.originalReference.key || Object.keys(utilObjectOmit(_this.tags, 'name'))[0];
+           var value = _this.originalReference.value || _this.tags[key];
+
+           if (value === '*') {
+             return {
+               key: key
+             };
+           } else {
+             return {
+               key: key,
+               value: value
+             };
            }
+         };
 
-           // treat a spacebar press like a click
-           function space() {
-               event.preventDefault();
-               event.stopPropagation();
+         _this.unsetTags = function (tags, geometry, ignoringKeys, skipFieldDefaults) {
+           // allow manually keeping some tags
+           var removeTags = ignoringKeys ? utilObjectOmit(_this.removeTags, ignoringKeys) : _this.removeTags;
+           tags = utilObjectOmit(tags, Object.keys(removeTags));
 
-               var currSpace = context.map().mouse();
-               if (_disableSpace && _lastSpace) {
-                   var dist = geoVecLength(_lastSpace, currSpace);
-                   if (dist > _tolerance) {
-                       _disableSpace = false;
-                   }
+           if (geometry && !skipFieldDefaults) {
+             _this.fields().forEach(function (field) {
+               if (field.matchGeometry(geometry) && field.key && field["default"] === tags[field.key]) {
+                 delete tags[field.key];
                }
+             });
+           }
 
-               if (_disableSpace || _mouseLeave || !_lastMouse) return;
+           delete tags.area;
+           return tags;
+         };
 
-               // user must move mouse or release space bar to allow another click
-               _lastSpace = currSpace;
-               _disableSpace = true;
+         _this.setTags = function (tags, geometry, skipFieldDefaults) {
+           var addTags = _this.addTags;
+           tags = Object.assign({}, tags); // shallow copy
 
-               select(window).on('keyup.space-block', function() {
-                   event.preventDefault();
-                   event.stopPropagation();
-                   _disableSpace = false;
-                   select(window).on('keyup.space-block', null);
-               });
+           for (var k in addTags) {
+             if (addTags[k] === '*') {
+               // if this tag is ancillary, don't override an existing value since any value is okay
+               if (_this.tags[k] || !tags[k] || tags[k] === 'no') {
+                 tags[k] = 'yes';
+               }
+             } else {
+               tags[k] = addTags[k];
+             }
+           } // Add area=yes if necessary.
+           // This is necessary if the geometry is already an area (e.g. user drew an area) AND any of:
+           // 1. chosen preset could be either an area or a line (`barrier=city_wall`)
+           // 2. chosen preset doesn't have a key in osmAreaKeys (`railway=station`)
 
-               // get the current mouse position
-               var loc = context.map().mouse() ||
-                   // or the map center if the mouse has never entered the map
-                   context.projection(context.map().center());
-               click(loc);
-           }
 
+           if (!addTags.hasOwnProperty('area')) {
+             delete tags.area;
 
-           function backspace() {
-               event.preventDefault();
-               dispatch$1.call('undo');
-           }
+             if (geometry === 'area') {
+               var needsAreaTag = true;
 
+               if (_this.geometry.indexOf('line') === -1) {
+                 for (var _k2 in addTags) {
+                   if (_k2 in osmAreaKeys) {
+                     needsAreaTag = false;
+                     break;
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
 
-           function del() {
-               event.preventDefault();
-               dispatch$1.call('cancel');
+               if (needsAreaTag) {
+                 tags.area = 'yes';
+               }
+             }
            }
 
-
-           function ret() {
-               event.preventDefault();
-               dispatch$1.call('finish');
+           if (geometry && !skipFieldDefaults) {
+             _this.fields().forEach(function (field) {
+               if (field.matchGeometry(geometry) && field.key && !tags[field.key] && field["default"]) {
+                 tags[field.key] = field["default"];
+               }
+             });
            }
 
+           return tags;
+         }; // For a preset without fields, use the fields of the parent preset.
+         // Replace {preset} placeholders with the fields of the specified presets.
 
-           function behavior(selection) {
-               context.install(_hover);
-               context.install(_edit);
-
-               _downPointer = null;
 
-               keybinding
-                   .on('⌫', backspace)
-                   .on('⌦', del)
-                   .on('⎋', ret)
-                   .on('↩', ret)
-                   .on('space', space)
-                   .on('⌥space', space);
+         function resolve(which) {
+           var fieldIDs = which === 'fields' ? _this.originalFields : _this.originalMoreFields;
+           var resolved = [];
+           fieldIDs.forEach(function (fieldID) {
+             var match = fieldID.match(/\{(.*)\}/);
 
-               selection
-                   .on('mouseenter.draw', mouseenter)
-                   .on('mouseleave.draw', mouseleave)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.draw', pointerdown)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.draw', pointermove);
+             if (match !== null) {
+               // a presetID wrapped in braces {}
+               resolved = resolved.concat(inheritFields(match[1], which));
+             } else if (allFields[fieldID]) {
+               // a normal fieldID
+               resolved.push(allFields[fieldID]);
+             } else {
+               console.log("Cannot resolve \"".concat(fieldID, "\" found in ").concat(_this.id, ".").concat(which)); // eslint-disable-line no-console
+             }
+           }); // no fields resolved, so use the parent's if possible
 
-               select(window)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.draw', pointerup, true)
-                   .on('pointercancel.draw', pointercancel, true);
+           if (!resolved.length) {
+             var endIndex = _this.id.lastIndexOf('/');
 
-               select(document)
-                   .call(keybinding);
+             var parentID = endIndex && _this.id.substring(0, endIndex);
 
-               return behavior;
+             if (parentID) {
+               resolved = inheritFields(parentID, which);
+             }
            }
 
+           return utilArrayUniq(resolved); // returns an array of fields to inherit from the given presetID, if found
 
-           behavior.off = function(selection) {
-               context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
-               context.uninstall(_hover);
-               context.uninstall(_edit);
-
-               selection
-                   .on('mouseenter.draw', null)
-                   .on('mouseleave.draw', null)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.draw', null)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.draw', null);
-
-               select(window)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.draw', null)
-                   .on('pointercancel.draw', null);
-                   // note: keyup.space-block, click.draw-block should remain
-
-               select(document)
-                   .call(keybinding.unbind);
-           };
+           function inheritFields(presetID, which) {
+             var parent = allPresets[presetID];
+             if (!parent) return [];
 
+             if (which === 'fields') {
+               return parent.fields().filter(shouldInherit);
+             } else if (which === 'moreFields') {
+               return parent.moreFields();
+             } else {
+               return [];
+             }
+           } // Skip `fields` for the keys which define the preset.
+           // These are usually `typeCombo` fields like `shop=*`
 
-           behavior.hover = function() {
-               return _hover;
-           };
 
+           function shouldInherit(f) {
+             if (f.key && _this.tags[f.key] !== undefined && // inherit anyway if multiple values are allowed or just a checkbox
+             f.type !== 'multiCombo' && f.type !== 'semiCombo' && f.type !== 'manyCombo' && f.type !== 'check') return false;
+             return true;
+           }
+         }
 
-           return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return _this;
        }
 
-       function initRange(domain, range) {
-         switch (arguments.length) {
-           case 0: break;
-           case 1: this.range(domain); break;
-           default: this.range(range).domain(domain); break;
-         }
-         return this;
-       }
+       var _mainPresetIndex = presetIndex(); // singleton
+       // `presetIndex` wraps a `presetCollection`
+       // with methods for loading new data and returning defaults
+       //
 
-       var prefix = "$";
+       function presetIndex() {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('favoritePreset', 'recentsChange');
+         var MAXRECENTS = 30; // seed the preset lists with geometry fallbacks
+
+         var POINT = presetPreset('point', {
+           name: 'Point',
+           tags: {},
+           geometry: ['point', 'vertex'],
+           matchScore: 0.1
+         });
+         var LINE = presetPreset('line', {
+           name: 'Line',
+           tags: {},
+           geometry: ['line'],
+           matchScore: 0.1
+         });
+         var AREA = presetPreset('area', {
+           name: 'Area',
+           tags: {
+             area: 'yes'
+           },
+           geometry: ['area'],
+           matchScore: 0.1
+         });
+         var RELATION = presetPreset('relation', {
+           name: 'Relation',
+           tags: {},
+           geometry: ['relation'],
+           matchScore: 0.1
+         });
 
-       function Map$1() {}
+         var _this = presetCollection([POINT, LINE, AREA, RELATION]);
 
-       Map$1.prototype = map$2.prototype = {
-         constructor: Map$1,
-         has: function(key) {
-           return (prefix + key) in this;
-         },
-         get: function(key) {
-           return this[prefix + key];
-         },
-         set: function(key, value) {
-           this[prefix + key] = value;
-           return this;
-         },
-         remove: function(key) {
-           var property = prefix + key;
-           return property in this && delete this[property];
-         },
-         clear: function() {
-           for (var property in this) if (property[0] === prefix) delete this[property];
-         },
-         keys: function() {
-           var keys = [];
-           for (var property in this) if (property[0] === prefix) keys.push(property.slice(1));
-           return keys;
-         },
-         values: function() {
-           var values = [];
-           for (var property in this) if (property[0] === prefix) values.push(this[property]);
-           return values;
-         },
-         entries: function() {
-           var entries = [];
-           for (var property in this) if (property[0] === prefix) entries.push({key: property.slice(1), value: this[property]});
-           return entries;
-         },
-         size: function() {
-           var size = 0;
-           for (var property in this) if (property[0] === prefix) ++size;
-           return size;
-         },
-         empty: function() {
-           for (var property in this) if (property[0] === prefix) return false;
-           return true;
-         },
-         each: function(f) {
-           for (var property in this) if (property[0] === prefix) f(this[property], property.slice(1), this);
-         }
-       };
+         var _presets = {
+           point: POINT,
+           line: LINE,
+           area: AREA,
+           relation: RELATION
+         };
+         var _defaults = {
+           point: presetCollection([POINT]),
+           vertex: presetCollection([POINT]),
+           line: presetCollection([LINE]),
+           area: presetCollection([AREA]),
+           relation: presetCollection([RELATION])
+         };
+         var _fields = {};
+         var _categories = {};
+         var _universal = [];
+         var _addablePresetIDs = null; // Set of preset IDs that the user can add
 
-       function map$2(object, f) {
-         var map = new Map$1;
+         var _recents;
 
-         // Copy constructor.
-         if (object instanceof Map$1) object.each(function(value, key) { map.set(key, value); });
+         var _favorites; // Index of presets by (geometry, tag key).
 
-         // Index array by numeric index or specified key function.
-         else if (Array.isArray(object)) {
-           var i = -1,
-               n = object.length,
-               o;
 
-           if (f == null) while (++i < n) map.set(i, object[i]);
-           else while (++i < n) map.set(f(o = object[i], i, object), o);
-         }
+         var _geometryIndex = {
+           point: {},
+           vertex: {},
+           line: {},
+           area: {},
+           relation: {}
+         };
 
-         // Convert object to map.
-         else if (object) for (var key in object) map.set(key, object[key]);
+         var _loadPromise;
 
-         return map;
-       }
+         _this.ensureLoaded = function () {
+           if (_loadPromise) return _loadPromise;
+           return _loadPromise = Promise.all([_mainFileFetcher.get('preset_categories'), _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_defaults'), _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_presets'), _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_fields')]).then(function (vals) {
+             _this.merge({
+               categories: vals[0],
+               defaults: vals[1],
+               presets: vals[2],
+               fields: vals[3]
+             });
 
-       function Set$1() {}
+             osmSetAreaKeys(_this.areaKeys());
+             osmSetPointTags(_this.pointTags());
+             osmSetVertexTags(_this.vertexTags());
+           });
+         }; // `merge` accepts an object containing new preset data (all properties optional):
+         // {
+         //   fields: {},
+         //   presets: {},
+         //   categories: {},
+         //   defaults: {},
+         //   featureCollection: {}
+         //}
 
-       var proto = map$2.prototype;
 
-       Set$1.prototype = set$2.prototype = {
-         constructor: Set$1,
-         has: proto.has,
-         add: function(value) {
-           value += "";
-           this[prefix + value] = value;
-           return this;
-         },
-         remove: proto.remove,
-         clear: proto.clear,
-         values: proto.keys,
-         size: proto.size,
-         empty: proto.empty,
-         each: proto.each
-       };
+         _this.merge = function (d) {
+           var newLocationSets = []; // Merge Fields
 
-       function set$2(object, f) {
-         var set = new Set$1;
+           if (d.fields) {
+             Object.keys(d.fields).forEach(function (fieldID) {
+               var f = d.fields[fieldID];
+
+               if (f) {
+                 // add or replace
+                 f = presetField(fieldID, f);
+                 if (f.locationSet) newLocationSets.push(f);
+                 _fields[fieldID] = f;
+               } else {
+                 // remove
+                 delete _fields[fieldID];
+               }
+             });
+           } // Merge Presets
 
-         // Copy constructor.
-         if (object instanceof Set$1) object.each(function(value) { set.add(value); });
 
-         // Otherwise, assume it’s an array.
-         else if (object) {
-           var i = -1, n = object.length;
-           if (f == null) while (++i < n) set.add(object[i]);
-           else while (++i < n) set.add(f(object[i], i, object));
-         }
+           if (d.presets) {
+             Object.keys(d.presets).forEach(function (presetID) {
+               var p = d.presets[presetID];
 
-         return set;
-       }
+               if (p) {
+                 // add or replace
+                 var isAddable = !_addablePresetIDs || _addablePresetIDs.has(presetID);
 
-       var array$1 = Array.prototype;
+                 p = presetPreset(presetID, p, isAddable, _fields, _presets);
+                 if (p.locationSet) newLocationSets.push(p);
+                 _presets[presetID] = p;
+               } else {
+                 // remove (but not if it's a fallback)
+                 var existing = _presets[presetID];
 
-       var map$3 = array$1.map;
-       var slice$4 = array$1.slice;
+                 if (existing && !existing.isFallback()) {
+                   delete _presets[presetID];
+                 }
+               }
+             });
+           } // Merge Categories
 
-       function constant$4(x) {
-         return function() {
-           return x;
-         };
-       }
 
-       function number$1(x) {
-         return +x;
-       }
+           if (d.categories) {
+             Object.keys(d.categories).forEach(function (categoryID) {
+               var c = d.categories[categoryID];
+
+               if (c) {
+                 // add or replace
+                 c = presetCategory(categoryID, c, _presets);
+                 if (c.locationSet) newLocationSets.push(c);
+                 _categories[categoryID] = c;
+               } else {
+                 // remove
+                 delete _categories[categoryID];
+               }
+             });
+           } // Rebuild _this.collection after changing presets and categories
 
-       var unit = [0, 1];
 
-       function identity$3(x) {
-         return x;
-       }
+           _this.collection = Object.values(_presets).concat(Object.values(_categories)); // Merge Defaults
 
-       function normalize(a, b) {
-         return (b -= (a = +a))
-             ? function(x) { return (x - a) / b; }
-             : constant$4(isNaN(b) ? NaN : 0.5);
-       }
+           if (d.defaults) {
+             Object.keys(d.defaults).forEach(function (geometry) {
+               var def = d.defaults[geometry];
+
+               if (Array.isArray(def)) {
+                 // add or replace
+                 _defaults[geometry] = presetCollection(def.map(function (id) {
+                   return _presets[id] || _categories[id];
+                 }).filter(Boolean));
+               } else {
+                 // remove
+                 delete _defaults[geometry];
+               }
+             });
+           } // Rebuild universal fields array
 
-       function clamper(domain) {
-         var a = domain[0], b = domain[domain.length - 1], t;
-         if (a > b) t = a, a = b, b = t;
-         return function(x) { return Math.max(a, Math.min(b, x)); };
-       }
 
-       // normalize(a, b)(x) takes a domain value x in [a,b] and returns the corresponding parameter t in [0,1].
-       // interpolate(a, b)(t) takes a parameter t in [0,1] and returns the corresponding range value x in [a,b].
-       function bimap(domain, range, interpolate) {
-         var d0 = domain[0], d1 = domain[1], r0 = range[0], r1 = range[1];
-         if (d1 < d0) d0 = normalize(d1, d0), r0 = interpolate(r1, r0);
-         else d0 = normalize(d0, d1), r0 = interpolate(r0, r1);
-         return function(x) { return r0(d0(x)); };
-       }
+           _universal = Object.values(_fields).filter(function (field) {
+             return field.universal;
+           }); // Reset all the preset fields - they'll need to be resolved again
 
-       function polymap(domain, range, interpolate) {
-         var j = Math.min(domain.length, range.length) - 1,
-             d = new Array(j),
-             r = new Array(j),
-             i = -1;
+           Object.values(_presets).forEach(function (preset) {
+             return preset.resetFields();
+           }); // Rebuild geometry index
 
-         // Reverse descending domains.
-         if (domain[j] < domain[0]) {
-           domain = domain.slice().reverse();
-           range = range.slice().reverse();
-         }
+           _geometryIndex = {
+             point: {},
+             vertex: {},
+             line: {},
+             area: {},
+             relation: {}
+           };
 
-         while (++i < j) {
-           d[i] = normalize(domain[i], domain[i + 1]);
-           r[i] = interpolate(range[i], range[i + 1]);
-         }
+           _this.collection.forEach(function (preset) {
+             (preset.geometry || []).forEach(function (geometry) {
+               var g = _geometryIndex[geometry];
 
-         return function(x) {
-           var i = bisectRight(domain, x, 1, j) - 1;
-           return r[i](d[i](x));
-         };
-       }
+               for (var key in preset.tags) {
+                 g[key] = g[key] || {};
+                 var value = preset.tags[key];
+                 (g[key][value] = g[key][value] || []).push(preset);
+               }
+             });
+           }); // Merge Custom Features
 
-       function copy$1(source, target) {
-         return target
-             .domain(source.domain())
-             .range(source.range())
-             .interpolate(source.interpolate())
-             .clamp(source.clamp())
-             .unknown(source.unknown());
-       }
 
-       function transformer$1() {
-         var domain = unit,
-             range = unit,
-             interpolate$1 = interpolate,
-             transform,
-             untransform,
-             unknown,
-             clamp = identity$3,
-             piecewise,
-             output,
-             input;
+           if (d.featureCollection && Array.isArray(d.featureCollection.features)) {
+             _mainLocations.mergeCustomGeoJSON(d.featureCollection);
+           } // Resolve all locationSet features.
 
-         function rescale() {
-           piecewise = Math.min(domain.length, range.length) > 2 ? polymap : bimap;
-           output = input = null;
-           return scale;
-         }
 
-         function scale(x) {
-           return isNaN(x = +x) ? unknown : (output || (output = piecewise(domain.map(transform), range, interpolate$1)))(transform(clamp(x)));
-         }
+           if (newLocationSets.length) {
+             _mainLocations.mergeLocationSets(newLocationSets);
+           }
 
-         scale.invert = function(y) {
-           return clamp(untransform((input || (input = piecewise(range, domain.map(transform), d3_interpolateNumber)))(y)));
+           return _this;
          };
 
-         scale.domain = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (domain = map$3.call(_, number$1), clamp === identity$3 || (clamp = clamper(domain)), rescale()) : domain.slice();
-         };
+         _this.match = function (entity, resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](entity, 'presetMatch', function () {
+             var geometry = entity.geometry(resolver); // Treat entities on addr:interpolation lines as points, not vertices - #3241
 
-         scale.range = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (range = slice$4.call(_), rescale()) : range.slice();
-         };
+             if (geometry === 'vertex' && entity.isOnAddressLine(resolver)) {
+               geometry = 'point';
+             }
 
-         scale.rangeRound = function(_) {
-           return range = slice$4.call(_), interpolate$1 = interpolateRound, rescale();
+             var entityExtent = entity.extent(resolver);
+             return _this.matchTags(entity.tags, geometry, entityExtent.center());
+           });
          };
 
-         scale.clamp = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (clamp = _ ? clamper(domain) : identity$3, scale) : clamp !== identity$3;
-         };
+         _this.matchTags = function (tags, geometry, loc) {
+           var keyIndex = _geometryIndex[geometry];
+           var bestScore = -1;
+           var bestMatch;
+           var matchCandidates = [];
 
-         scale.interpolate = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (interpolate$1 = _, rescale()) : interpolate$1;
-         };
+           for (var k in tags) {
+             var indexMatches = [];
+             var valueIndex = keyIndex[k];
+             if (!valueIndex) continue;
+             var keyValueMatches = valueIndex[tags[k]];
+             if (keyValueMatches) indexMatches.push.apply(indexMatches, _toConsumableArray(keyValueMatches));
+             var keyStarMatches = valueIndex['*'];
+             if (keyStarMatches) indexMatches.push.apply(indexMatches, _toConsumableArray(keyStarMatches));
+             if (indexMatches.length === 0) continue;
+
+             for (var i = 0; i < indexMatches.length; i++) {
+               var candidate = indexMatches[i];
+               var score = candidate.matchScore(tags);
+
+               if (score === -1) {
+                 continue;
+               }
 
-         scale.unknown = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (unknown = _, scale) : unknown;
-         };
+               matchCandidates.push({
+                 score: score,
+                 candidate: candidate
+               });
 
-         return function(t, u) {
-           transform = t, untransform = u;
-           return rescale();
-         };
-       }
+               if (score > bestScore) {
+                 bestScore = score;
+                 bestMatch = candidate;
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-       function continuous(transform, untransform) {
-         return transformer$1()(transform, untransform);
-       }
+           if (bestMatch && bestMatch.locationSetID && bestMatch.locationSetID !== '+[Q2]' && Array.isArray(loc)) {
+             var validLocations = _mainLocations.locationsAt(loc);
 
-       // Computes the decimal coefficient and exponent of the specified number x with
-       // significant digits p, where x is positive and p is in [1, 21] or undefined.
-       // For example, formatDecimal(1.23) returns ["123", 0].
-       function formatDecimal(x, p) {
-         if ((i = (x = p ? x.toExponential(p - 1) : x.toExponential()).indexOf("e")) < 0) return null; // NaN, ±Infinity
-         var i, coefficient = x.slice(0, i);
+             if (!validLocations[bestMatch.locationSetID]) {
+               matchCandidates.sort(function (a, b) {
+                 return a.score < b.score ? 1 : -1;
+               });
 
-         // The string returned by toExponential either has the form \d\.\d+e[-+]\d+
-         // (e.g., 1.2e+3) or the form \de[-+]\d+ (e.g., 1e+3).
-         return [
-           coefficient.length > 1 ? coefficient[0] + coefficient.slice(2) : coefficient,
-           +x.slice(i + 1)
-         ];
-       }
+               for (var _i = 0; _i < matchCandidates.length; _i++) {
+                 var candidateScore = matchCandidates[_i];
 
-       function exponent(x) {
-         return x = formatDecimal(Math.abs(x)), x ? x[1] : NaN;
-       }
+                 if (!candidateScore.candidate.locationSetID || validLocations[candidateScore.candidate.locationSetID]) {
+                   bestMatch = candidateScore.candidate;
+                   bestScore = candidateScore.score;
+                   break;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+           } // If any part of an address is present, allow fallback to "Address" preset - #4353
 
-       function formatGroup(grouping, thousands) {
-         return function(value, width) {
-           var i = value.length,
-               t = [],
-               j = 0,
-               g = grouping[0],
-               length = 0;
 
-           while (i > 0 && g > 0) {
-             if (length + g + 1 > width) g = Math.max(1, width - length);
-             t.push(value.substring(i -= g, i + g));
-             if ((length += g + 1) > width) break;
-             g = grouping[j = (j + 1) % grouping.length];
+           if (!bestMatch || bestMatch.isFallback()) {
+             for (var _k in tags) {
+               if (/^addr:/.test(_k) && keyIndex['addr:*'] && keyIndex['addr:*']['*']) {
+                 bestMatch = keyIndex['addr:*']['*'][0];
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
            }
 
-           return t.reverse().join(thousands);
+           return bestMatch || _this.fallback(geometry);
          };
-       }
 
-       function formatNumerals(numerals) {
-         return function(value) {
-           return value.replace(/[0-9]/g, function(i) {
-             return numerals[+i];
-           });
-         };
-       }
+         _this.allowsVertex = function (entity, resolver) {
+           if (entity.type !== 'node') return false;
+           if (Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0) return true;
+           return resolver["transient"](entity, 'vertexMatch', function () {
+             // address lines allow vertices to act as standalone points
+             if (entity.isOnAddressLine(resolver)) return true;
+             var geometries = osmNodeGeometriesForTags(entity.tags);
+             if (geometries.vertex) return true;
+             if (geometries.point) return false; // allow vertices for unspecified points
 
-       // [[fill]align][sign][symbol][0][width][,][.precision][~][type]
-       var re = /^(?:(.)?([<>=^]))?([+\-( ])?([$#])?(0)?(\d+)?(,)?(\.\d+)?(~)?([a-z%])?$/i;
+             return true;
+           });
+         }; // Because of the open nature of tagging, iD will never have a complete
+         // list of tags used in OSM, so we want it to have logic like "assume
+         // that a closed way with an amenity tag is an area, unless the amenity
+         // is one of these specific types". This function computes a structure
+         // that allows testing of such conditions, based on the presets designated
+         // as as supporting (or not supporting) the area geometry.
+         //
+         // The returned object L is a keeplist/discardlist of tags. A closed way
+         // with a tag (k, v) is considered to be an area if `k in L && !(v in L[k])`
+         // (see `Way#isArea()`). In other words, the keys of L form the keeplist,
+         // and the subkeys form the discardlist.
 
-       function formatSpecifier(specifier) {
-         if (!(match = re.exec(specifier))) throw new Error("invalid format: " + specifier);
-         var match;
-         return new FormatSpecifier({
-           fill: match[1],
-           align: match[2],
-           sign: match[3],
-           symbol: match[4],
-           zero: match[5],
-           width: match[6],
-           comma: match[7],
-           precision: match[8] && match[8].slice(1),
-           trim: match[9],
-           type: match[10]
-         });
-       }
 
-       formatSpecifier.prototype = FormatSpecifier.prototype; // instanceof
+         _this.areaKeys = function () {
+           // The ignore list is for keys that imply lines. (We always add `area=yes` for exceptions)
+           var ignore = ['barrier', 'highway', 'footway', 'railway', 'junction', 'type'];
+           var areaKeys = {}; // ignore name-suggestion-index and deprecated presets
 
-       function FormatSpecifier(specifier) {
-         this.fill = specifier.fill === undefined ? " " : specifier.fill + "";
-         this.align = specifier.align === undefined ? ">" : specifier.align + "";
-         this.sign = specifier.sign === undefined ? "-" : specifier.sign + "";
-         this.symbol = specifier.symbol === undefined ? "" : specifier.symbol + "";
-         this.zero = !!specifier.zero;
-         this.width = specifier.width === undefined ? undefined : +specifier.width;
-         this.comma = !!specifier.comma;
-         this.precision = specifier.precision === undefined ? undefined : +specifier.precision;
-         this.trim = !!specifier.trim;
-         this.type = specifier.type === undefined ? "" : specifier.type + "";
-       }
+           var presets = _this.collection.filter(function (p) {
+             return !p.suggestion && !p.replacement;
+           }); // keeplist
 
-       FormatSpecifier.prototype.toString = function() {
-         return this.fill
-             + this.align
-             + this.sign
-             + this.symbol
-             + (this.zero ? "0" : "")
-             + (this.width === undefined ? "" : Math.max(1, this.width | 0))
-             + (this.comma ? "," : "")
-             + (this.precision === undefined ? "" : "." + Math.max(0, this.precision | 0))
-             + (this.trim ? "~" : "")
-             + this.type;
-       };
 
-       // Trims insignificant zeros, e.g., replaces 1.2000k with 1.2k.
-       function formatTrim(s) {
-         out: for (var n = s.length, i = 1, i0 = -1, i1; i < n; ++i) {
-           switch (s[i]) {
-             case ".": i0 = i1 = i; break;
-             case "0": if (i0 === 0) i0 = i; i1 = i; break;
-             default: if (!+s[i]) break out; if (i0 > 0) i0 = 0; break;
-           }
-         }
-         return i0 > 0 ? s.slice(0, i0) + s.slice(i1 + 1) : s;
-       }
+           presets.forEach(function (p) {
+             var keys = p.tags && Object.keys(p.tags);
+             var key = keys && keys.length && keys[0]; // pick the first tag
 
-       var prefixExponent;
+             if (!key) return;
+             if (ignore.indexOf(key) !== -1) return;
 
-       function formatPrefixAuto(x, p) {
-         var d = formatDecimal(x, p);
-         if (!d) return x + "";
-         var coefficient = d[0],
-             exponent = d[1],
-             i = exponent - (prefixExponent = Math.max(-8, Math.min(8, Math.floor(exponent / 3))) * 3) + 1,
-             n = coefficient.length;
-         return i === n ? coefficient
-             : i > n ? coefficient + new Array(i - n + 1).join("0")
-             : i > 0 ? coefficient.slice(0, i) + "." + coefficient.slice(i)
-             : "0." + new Array(1 - i).join("0") + formatDecimal(x, Math.max(0, p + i - 1))[0]; // less than 1y!
-       }
+             if (p.geometry.indexOf('area') !== -1) {
+               // probably an area..
+               areaKeys[key] = areaKeys[key] || {};
+             }
+           }); // discardlist
 
-       function formatRounded(x, p) {
-         var d = formatDecimal(x, p);
-         if (!d) return x + "";
-         var coefficient = d[0],
-             exponent = d[1];
-         return exponent < 0 ? "0." + new Array(-exponent).join("0") + coefficient
-             : coefficient.length > exponent + 1 ? coefficient.slice(0, exponent + 1) + "." + coefficient.slice(exponent + 1)
-             : coefficient + new Array(exponent - coefficient.length + 2).join("0");
-       }
+           presets.forEach(function (p) {
+             var key;
 
-       var formatTypes = {
-         "%": function(x, p) { return (x * 100).toFixed(p); },
-         "b": function(x) { return Math.round(x).toString(2); },
-         "c": function(x) { return x + ""; },
-         "d": function(x) { return Math.round(x).toString(10); },
-         "e": function(x, p) { return x.toExponential(p); },
-         "f": function(x, p) { return x.toFixed(p); },
-         "g": function(x, p) { return x.toPrecision(p); },
-         "o": function(x) { return Math.round(x).toString(8); },
-         "p": function(x, p) { return formatRounded(x * 100, p); },
-         "r": formatRounded,
-         "s": formatPrefixAuto,
-         "X": function(x) { return Math.round(x).toString(16).toUpperCase(); },
-         "x": function(x) { return Math.round(x).toString(16); }
-       };
+             for (key in p.addTags) {
+               // examine all addTags to get a better sense of what can be tagged on lines - #6800
+               var value = p.addTags[key];
 
-       function identity$4(x) {
-         return x;
-       }
+               if (key in areaKeys && // probably an area...
+               p.geometry.indexOf('line') !== -1 && // but sometimes a line
+               value !== '*') {
+                 areaKeys[key][value] = true;
+               }
+             }
+           });
+           return areaKeys;
+         };
 
-       var map$4 = Array.prototype.map,
-           prefixes = ["y","z","a","f","p","n","µ","m","","k","M","G","T","P","E","Z","Y"];
+         _this.pointTags = function () {
+           return _this.collection.reduce(function (pointTags, d) {
+             // ignore name-suggestion-index, deprecated, and generic presets
+             if (d.suggestion || d.replacement || d.searchable === false) return pointTags; // only care about the primary tag
 
-       function formatLocale(locale) {
-         var group = locale.grouping === undefined || locale.thousands === undefined ? identity$4 : formatGroup(map$4.call(locale.grouping, Number), locale.thousands + ""),
-             currencyPrefix = locale.currency === undefined ? "" : locale.currency[0] + "",
-             currencySuffix = locale.currency === undefined ? "" : locale.currency[1] + "",
-             decimal = locale.decimal === undefined ? "." : locale.decimal + "",
-             numerals = locale.numerals === undefined ? identity$4 : formatNumerals(map$4.call(locale.numerals, String)),
-             percent = locale.percent === undefined ? "%" : locale.percent + "",
-             minus = locale.minus === undefined ? "-" : locale.minus + "",
-             nan = locale.nan === undefined ? "NaN" : locale.nan + "";
+             var keys = d.tags && Object.keys(d.tags);
+             var key = keys && keys.length && keys[0]; // pick the first tag
 
-         function newFormat(specifier) {
-           specifier = formatSpecifier(specifier);
+             if (!key) return pointTags; // if this can be a point
 
-           var fill = specifier.fill,
-               align = specifier.align,
-               sign = specifier.sign,
-               symbol = specifier.symbol,
-               zero = specifier.zero,
-               width = specifier.width,
-               comma = specifier.comma,
-               precision = specifier.precision,
-               trim = specifier.trim,
-               type = specifier.type;
+             if (d.geometry.indexOf('point') !== -1) {
+               pointTags[key] = pointTags[key] || {};
+               pointTags[key][d.tags[key]] = true;
+             }
 
-           // The "n" type is an alias for ",g".
-           if (type === "n") comma = true, type = "g";
+             return pointTags;
+           }, {});
+         };
 
-           // The "" type, and any invalid type, is an alias for ".12~g".
-           else if (!formatTypes[type]) precision === undefined && (precision = 12), trim = true, type = "g";
+         _this.vertexTags = function () {
+           return _this.collection.reduce(function (vertexTags, d) {
+             // ignore name-suggestion-index, deprecated, and generic presets
+             if (d.suggestion || d.replacement || d.searchable === false) return vertexTags; // only care about the primary tag
 
-           // If zero fill is specified, padding goes after sign and before digits.
-           if (zero || (fill === "0" && align === "=")) zero = true, fill = "0", align = "=";
+             var keys = d.tags && Object.keys(d.tags);
+             var key = keys && keys.length && keys[0]; // pick the first tag
 
-           // Compute the prefix and suffix.
-           // For SI-prefix, the suffix is lazily computed.
-           var prefix = symbol === "$" ? currencyPrefix : symbol === "#" && /[boxX]/.test(type) ? "0" + type.toLowerCase() : "",
-               suffix = symbol === "$" ? currencySuffix : /[%p]/.test(type) ? percent : "";
+             if (!key) return vertexTags; // if this can be a vertex
 
-           // What format function should we use?
-           // Is this an integer type?
-           // Can this type generate exponential notation?
-           var formatType = formatTypes[type],
-               maybeSuffix = /[defgprs%]/.test(type);
+             if (d.geometry.indexOf('vertex') !== -1) {
+               vertexTags[key] = vertexTags[key] || {};
+               vertexTags[key][d.tags[key]] = true;
+             }
 
-           // Set the default precision if not specified,
-           // or clamp the specified precision to the supported range.
-           // For significant precision, it must be in [1, 21].
-           // For fixed precision, it must be in [0, 20].
-           precision = precision === undefined ? 6
-               : /[gprs]/.test(type) ? Math.max(1, Math.min(21, precision))
-               : Math.max(0, Math.min(20, precision));
+             return vertexTags;
+           }, {});
+         };
 
-           function format(value) {
-             var valuePrefix = prefix,
-                 valueSuffix = suffix,
-                 i, n, c;
+         _this.field = function (id) {
+           return _fields[id];
+         };
 
-             if (type === "c") {
-               valueSuffix = formatType(value) + valueSuffix;
-               value = "";
-             } else {
-               value = +value;
+         _this.universal = function () {
+           return _universal;
+         };
 
-               // Determine the sign. -0 is not less than 0, but 1 / -0 is!
-               var valueNegative = value < 0 || 1 / value < 0;
+         _this.defaults = function (geometry, n, startWithRecents, loc) {
+           var recents = [];
 
-               // Perform the initial formatting.
-               value = isNaN(value) ? nan : formatType(Math.abs(value), precision);
+           if (startWithRecents) {
+             recents = _this.recent().matchGeometry(geometry).collection.slice(0, 4);
+           }
 
-               // Trim insignificant zeros.
-               if (trim) value = formatTrim(value);
+           var defaults;
 
-               // If a negative value rounds to zero after formatting, and no explicit positive sign is requested, hide the sign.
-               if (valueNegative && +value === 0 && sign !== "+") valueNegative = false;
+           if (_addablePresetIDs) {
+             defaults = Array.from(_addablePresetIDs).map(function (id) {
+               var preset = _this.item(id);
 
-               // Compute the prefix and suffix.
-               valuePrefix = (valueNegative ? (sign === "(" ? sign : minus) : sign === "-" || sign === "(" ? "" : sign) + valuePrefix;
-               valueSuffix = (type === "s" ? prefixes[8 + prefixExponent / 3] : "") + valueSuffix + (valueNegative && sign === "(" ? ")" : "");
+               if (preset && preset.matchGeometry(geometry)) return preset;
+               return null;
+             }).filter(Boolean);
+           } else {
+             defaults = _defaults[geometry].collection.concat(_this.fallback(geometry));
+           }
 
-               // Break the formatted value into the integer “value” part that can be
-               // grouped, and fractional or exponential “suffix” part that is not.
-               if (maybeSuffix) {
-                 i = -1, n = value.length;
-                 while (++i < n) {
-                   if (c = value.charCodeAt(i), 48 > c || c > 57) {
-                     valueSuffix = (c === 46 ? decimal + value.slice(i + 1) : value.slice(i)) + valueSuffix;
-                     value = value.slice(0, i);
-                     break;
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
-             }
+           var result = presetCollection(utilArrayUniq(recents.concat(defaults)).slice(0, n - 1));
 
-             // If the fill character is not "0", grouping is applied before padding.
-             if (comma && !zero) value = group(value, Infinity);
+           if (Array.isArray(loc)) {
+             var validLocations = _mainLocations.locationsAt(loc);
+             result.collection = result.collection.filter(function (a) {
+               return !a.locationSetID || validLocations[a.locationSetID];
+             });
+           }
 
-             // Compute the padding.
-             var length = valuePrefix.length + value.length + valueSuffix.length,
-                 padding = length < width ? new Array(width - length + 1).join(fill) : "";
+           return result;
+         }; // pass a Set of addable preset ids
 
-             // If the fill character is "0", grouping is applied after padding.
-             if (comma && zero) value = group(padding + value, padding.length ? width - valueSuffix.length : Infinity), padding = "";
 
-             // Reconstruct the final output based on the desired alignment.
-             switch (align) {
-               case "<": value = valuePrefix + value + valueSuffix + padding; break;
-               case "=": value = valuePrefix + padding + value + valueSuffix; break;
-               case "^": value = padding.slice(0, length = padding.length >> 1) + valuePrefix + value + valueSuffix + padding.slice(length); break;
-               default: value = padding + valuePrefix + value + valueSuffix; break;
-             }
+         _this.addablePresetIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _addablePresetIDs; // accept and convert arrays
 
-             return numerals(value);
+           if (Array.isArray(val)) val = new Set(val);
+           _addablePresetIDs = val;
+
+           if (_addablePresetIDs) {
+             // reset all presets
+             _this.collection.forEach(function (p) {
+               // categories aren't addable
+               if (p.addable) p.addable(_addablePresetIDs.has(p.id));
+             });
+           } else {
+             _this.collection.forEach(function (p) {
+               if (p.addable) p.addable(true);
+             });
            }
 
-           format.toString = function() {
-             return specifier + "";
+           return _this;
+         };
+
+         _this.recent = function () {
+           return presetCollection(utilArrayUniq(_this.getRecents().map(function (d) {
+             return d.preset;
+           })));
+         };
+
+         function RibbonItem(preset, source) {
+           var item = {};
+           item.preset = preset;
+           item.source = source;
+
+           item.isFavorite = function () {
+             return item.source === 'favorite';
            };
 
-           return format;
-         }
+           item.isRecent = function () {
+             return item.source === 'recent';
+           };
 
-         function formatPrefix(specifier, value) {
-           var f = newFormat((specifier = formatSpecifier(specifier), specifier.type = "f", specifier)),
-               e = Math.max(-8, Math.min(8, Math.floor(exponent(value) / 3))) * 3,
-               k = Math.pow(10, -e),
-               prefix = prefixes[8 + e / 3];
-           return function(value) {
-             return f(k * value) + prefix;
+           item.matches = function (preset) {
+             return item.preset.id === preset.id;
            };
-         }
 
-         return {
-           format: newFormat,
-           formatPrefix: formatPrefix
-         };
-       }
+           item.minified = function () {
+             return {
+               pID: item.preset.id
+             };
+           };
 
-       var locale;
-       var format;
-       var formatPrefix;
+           return item;
+         }
 
-       defaultLocale({
-         decimal: ".",
-         thousands: ",",
-         grouping: [3],
-         currency: ["$", ""],
-         minus: "-"
-       });
+         function ribbonItemForMinified(d, source) {
+           if (d && d.pID) {
+             var preset = _this.item(d.pID);
 
-       function defaultLocale(definition) {
-         locale = formatLocale(definition);
-         format = locale.format;
-         formatPrefix = locale.formatPrefix;
-         return locale;
-       }
+             if (!preset) return null;
+             return RibbonItem(preset, source);
+           }
 
-       function precisionFixed(step) {
-         return Math.max(0, -exponent(Math.abs(step)));
-       }
+           return null;
+         }
 
-       function precisionPrefix(step, value) {
-         return Math.max(0, Math.max(-8, Math.min(8, Math.floor(exponent(value) / 3))) * 3 - exponent(Math.abs(step)));
-       }
+         _this.getGenericRibbonItems = function () {
+           return ['point', 'line', 'area'].map(function (id) {
+             return RibbonItem(_this.item(id), 'generic');
+           });
+         };
 
-       function precisionRound(step, max) {
-         step = Math.abs(step), max = Math.abs(max) - step;
-         return Math.max(0, exponent(max) - exponent(step)) + 1;
-       }
+         _this.getAddable = function () {
+           if (!_addablePresetIDs) return [];
+           return _addablePresetIDs.map(function (id) {
+             var preset = _this.item(id);
 
-       function tickFormat(start, stop, count, specifier) {
-         var step = tickStep(start, stop, count),
-             precision;
-         specifier = formatSpecifier(specifier == null ? ",f" : specifier);
-         switch (specifier.type) {
-           case "s": {
-             var value = Math.max(Math.abs(start), Math.abs(stop));
-             if (specifier.precision == null && !isNaN(precision = precisionPrefix(step, value))) specifier.precision = precision;
-             return formatPrefix(specifier, value);
-           }
-           case "":
-           case "e":
-           case "g":
-           case "p":
-           case "r": {
-             if (specifier.precision == null && !isNaN(precision = precisionRound(step, Math.max(Math.abs(start), Math.abs(stop))))) specifier.precision = precision - (specifier.type === "e");
-             break;
-           }
-           case "f":
-           case "%": {
-             if (specifier.precision == null && !isNaN(precision = precisionFixed(step))) specifier.precision = precision - (specifier.type === "%") * 2;
-             break;
-           }
+             if (preset) return RibbonItem(preset, 'addable');
+             return null;
+           }).filter(Boolean);
+         };
+
+         function setRecents(items) {
+           _recents = items;
+           var minifiedItems = items.map(function (d) {
+             return d.minified();
+           });
+           corePreferences('preset_recents', JSON.stringify(minifiedItems));
+           dispatch.call('recentsChange');
          }
-         return format(specifier);
-       }
 
-       function linearish(scale) {
-         var domain = scale.domain;
+         _this.getRecents = function () {
+           if (!_recents) {
+             // fetch from local storage
+             _recents = (JSON.parse(corePreferences('preset_recents')) || []).reduce(function (acc, d) {
+               var item = ribbonItemForMinified(d, 'recent');
+               if (item && item.preset.addable()) acc.push(item);
+               return acc;
+             }, []);
+           }
 
-         scale.ticks = function(count) {
-           var d = domain();
-           return ticks(d[0], d[d.length - 1], count == null ? 10 : count);
+           return _recents;
          };
 
-         scale.tickFormat = function(count, specifier) {
-           var d = domain();
-           return tickFormat(d[0], d[d.length - 1], count == null ? 10 : count, specifier);
+         _this.addRecent = function (preset, besidePreset, after) {
+           var recents = _this.getRecents();
+
+           var beforeItem = _this.recentMatching(besidePreset);
+
+           var toIndex = recents.indexOf(beforeItem);
+           if (after) toIndex += 1;
+           var newItem = RibbonItem(preset, 'recent');
+           recents.splice(toIndex, 0, newItem);
+           setRecents(recents);
          };
 
-         scale.nice = function(count) {
-           if (count == null) count = 10;
+         _this.removeRecent = function (preset) {
+           var item = _this.recentMatching(preset);
 
-           var d = domain(),
-               i0 = 0,
-               i1 = d.length - 1,
-               start = d[i0],
-               stop = d[i1],
-               step;
+           if (item) {
+             var items = _this.getRecents();
 
-           if (stop < start) {
-             step = start, start = stop, stop = step;
-             step = i0, i0 = i1, i1 = step;
+             items.splice(items.indexOf(item), 1);
+             setRecents(items);
            }
+         };
 
-           step = tickIncrement(start, stop, count);
+         _this.recentMatching = function (preset) {
+           var items = _this.getRecents();
 
-           if (step > 0) {
-             start = Math.floor(start / step) * step;
-             stop = Math.ceil(stop / step) * step;
-             step = tickIncrement(start, stop, count);
-           } else if (step < 0) {
-             start = Math.ceil(start * step) / step;
-             stop = Math.floor(stop * step) / step;
-             step = tickIncrement(start, stop, count);
+           for (var i in items) {
+             if (items[i].matches(preset)) {
+               return items[i];
+             }
            }
 
-           if (step > 0) {
-             d[i0] = Math.floor(start / step) * step;
-             d[i1] = Math.ceil(stop / step) * step;
-             domain(d);
-           } else if (step < 0) {
-             d[i0] = Math.ceil(start * step) / step;
-             d[i1] = Math.floor(stop * step) / step;
-             domain(d);
-           }
+           return null;
+         };
 
-           return scale;
+         _this.moveItem = function (items, fromIndex, toIndex) {
+           if (fromIndex === toIndex || fromIndex < 0 || toIndex < 0 || fromIndex >= items.length || toIndex >= items.length) return null;
+           items.splice(toIndex, 0, items.splice(fromIndex, 1)[0]);
+           return items;
          };
 
-         return scale;
-       }
+         _this.moveRecent = function (item, beforeItem) {
+           var recents = _this.getRecents();
 
-       function linear$2() {
-         var scale = continuous(identity$3, identity$3);
+           var fromIndex = recents.indexOf(item);
+           var toIndex = recents.indexOf(beforeItem);
 
-         scale.copy = function() {
-           return copy$1(scale, linear$2());
+           var items = _this.moveItem(recents, fromIndex, toIndex);
+
+           if (items) setRecents(items);
          };
 
-         initRange.apply(scale, arguments);
+         _this.setMostRecent = function (preset) {
+           if (preset.searchable === false) return;
 
-         return linearish(scale);
-       }
+           var items = _this.getRecents();
 
-       function quantize() {
-         var x0 = 0,
-             x1 = 1,
-             n = 1,
-             domain = [0.5],
-             range = [0, 1],
-             unknown;
+           var item = _this.recentMatching(preset);
 
-         function scale(x) {
-           return x <= x ? range[bisectRight(domain, x, 0, n)] : unknown;
-         }
+           if (item) {
+             items.splice(items.indexOf(item), 1);
+           } else {
+             item = RibbonItem(preset, 'recent');
+           } // remove the last recent (first in, first out)
 
-         function rescale() {
-           var i = -1;
-           domain = new Array(n);
-           while (++i < n) domain[i] = ((i + 1) * x1 - (i - n) * x0) / (n + 1);
-           return scale;
-         }
 
-         scale.domain = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (x0 = +_[0], x1 = +_[1], rescale()) : [x0, x1];
+           while (items.length >= MAXRECENTS) {
+             items.pop();
+           } // prepend array
+
+
+           items.unshift(item);
+           setRecents(items);
          };
 
-         scale.range = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (n = (range = slice$4.call(_)).length - 1, rescale()) : range.slice();
+         function setFavorites(items) {
+           _favorites = items;
+           var minifiedItems = items.map(function (d) {
+             return d.minified();
+           });
+           corePreferences('preset_favorites', JSON.stringify(minifiedItems)); // call update
+
+           dispatch.call('favoritePreset');
+         }
+
+         _this.addFavorite = function (preset, besidePreset, after) {
+           var favorites = _this.getFavorites();
+
+           var beforeItem = _this.favoriteMatching(besidePreset);
+
+           var toIndex = favorites.indexOf(beforeItem);
+           if (after) toIndex += 1;
+           var newItem = RibbonItem(preset, 'favorite');
+           favorites.splice(toIndex, 0, newItem);
+           setFavorites(favorites);
          };
 
-         scale.invertExtent = function(y) {
-           var i = range.indexOf(y);
-           return i < 0 ? [NaN, NaN]
-               : i < 1 ? [x0, domain[0]]
-               : i >= n ? [domain[n - 1], x1]
-               : [domain[i - 1], domain[i]];
+         _this.toggleFavorite = function (preset) {
+           var favs = _this.getFavorites();
+
+           var favorite = _this.favoriteMatching(preset);
+
+           if (favorite) {
+             favs.splice(favs.indexOf(favorite), 1);
+           } else {
+             // only allow 10 favorites
+             if (favs.length === 10) {
+               // remove the last favorite (last in, first out)
+               favs.pop();
+             } // append array
+
+
+             favs.push(RibbonItem(preset, 'favorite'));
+           }
+
+           setFavorites(favs);
          };
 
-         scale.unknown = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (unknown = _, scale) : scale;
+         _this.removeFavorite = function (preset) {
+           var item = _this.favoriteMatching(preset);
+
+           if (item) {
+             var items = _this.getFavorites();
+
+             items.splice(items.indexOf(item), 1);
+             setFavorites(items);
+           }
          };
 
-         scale.thresholds = function() {
-           return domain.slice();
+         _this.getFavorites = function () {
+           if (!_favorites) {
+             // fetch from local storage
+             var rawFavorites = JSON.parse(corePreferences('preset_favorites'));
+
+             if (!rawFavorites) {
+               rawFavorites = [];
+               corePreferences('preset_favorites', JSON.stringify(rawFavorites));
+             }
+
+             _favorites = rawFavorites.reduce(function (output, d) {
+               var item = ribbonItemForMinified(d, 'favorite');
+               if (item && item.preset.addable()) output.push(item);
+               return output;
+             }, []);
+           }
+
+           return _favorites;
          };
 
-         scale.copy = function() {
-           return quantize()
-               .domain([x0, x1])
-               .range(range)
-               .unknown(unknown);
+         _this.favoriteMatching = function (preset) {
+           var favs = _this.getFavorites();
+
+           for (var index in favs) {
+             if (favs[index].matches(preset)) {
+               return favs[index];
+             }
+           }
+
+           return null;
          };
 
-         return initRange.apply(linearish(scale), arguments);
+         return utilRebind(_this, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       function behaviorBreathe() {
-           var duration = 800;
-           var steps = 4;
-           var selector = '.selected.shadow, .selected .shadow';
-           var _selected = select(null);
-           var _classed = '';
-           var _params = {};
-           var _done = false;
-           var _timer;
-
-
-           function ratchetyInterpolator(a, b, steps, units) {
-               a = parseFloat(a);
-               b = parseFloat(b);
-               var sample = quantize()
-                   .domain([0, 1])
-                   .range(d3_quantize(d3_interpolateNumber(a, b), steps));
-
-               return function(t) {
-                   return String(sample(t)) + (units || '');
-               };
+       function utilTagText(entity) {
+         var obj = entity && entity.tags || {};
+         return Object.keys(obj).map(function (k) {
+           return k + '=' + obj[k];
+         }).join(', ');
+       }
+       function utilTotalExtent(array, graph) {
+         var extent = geoExtent();
+         var val, entity;
+
+         for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+           val = array[i];
+           entity = typeof val === 'string' ? graph.hasEntity(val) : val;
+
+           if (entity) {
+             extent._extend(entity.extent(graph));
            }
+         }
 
+         return extent;
+       }
+       function utilTagDiff(oldTags, newTags) {
+         var tagDiff = [];
+         var keys = utilArrayUnion(Object.keys(oldTags), Object.keys(newTags)).sort();
+         keys.forEach(function (k) {
+           var oldVal = oldTags[k];
+           var newVal = newTags[k];
+
+           if ((oldVal || oldVal === '') && (newVal === undefined || newVal !== oldVal)) {
+             tagDiff.push({
+               type: '-',
+               key: k,
+               oldVal: oldVal,
+               newVal: newVal,
+               display: '- ' + k + '=' + oldVal
+             });
+           }
 
-           function reset(selection) {
-               selection
-                   .style('stroke-opacity', null)
-                   .style('stroke-width', null)
-                   .style('fill-opacity', null)
-                   .style('r', null);
+           if ((newVal || newVal === '') && (oldVal === undefined || newVal !== oldVal)) {
+             tagDiff.push({
+               type: '+',
+               key: k,
+               oldVal: oldVal,
+               newVal: newVal,
+               display: '+ ' + k + '=' + newVal
+             });
            }
+         });
+         return tagDiff;
+       }
+       function utilEntitySelector(ids) {
+         return ids.length ? '.' + ids.join(',.') : 'nothing';
+       } // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
+       //  - entityIDs passed in
+       //  - shallow descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
 
+       function utilEntityOrMemberSelector(ids, graph) {
+         var seen = new Set(ids);
+         ids.forEach(collectShallowDescendants);
+         return utilEntitySelector(Array.from(seen));
+
+         function collectShallowDescendants(id) {
+           var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
+           if (!entity || entity.type !== 'relation') return;
+           entity.members.map(function (member) {
+             return member.id;
+           }).forEach(function (id) {
+             seen.add(id);
+           });
+         }
+       } // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
+       //  - entityIDs passed in
+       //  - deep descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
 
-           function setAnimationParams(transition, fromTo) {
-               var toFrom = (fromTo === 'from' ? 'to' : 'from');
+       function utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector(ids, graph) {
+         return utilEntitySelector(utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs(ids, graph));
+       } // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
+       //  - entityIDs passed in
+       //  - deep descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
 
-               transition
-                   .styleTween('stroke-opacity', function(d) {
-                       return ratchetyInterpolator(
-                           _params[d.id][toFrom].opacity,
-                           _params[d.id][fromTo].opacity,
-                           steps
-                       );
-                   })
-                   .styleTween('stroke-width', function(d) {
-                       return ratchetyInterpolator(
-                           _params[d.id][toFrom].width,
-                           _params[d.id][fromTo].width,
-                           steps,
-                           'px'
-                       );
-                   })
-                   .styleTween('fill-opacity', function(d) {
-                       return ratchetyInterpolator(
-                           _params[d.id][toFrom].opacity,
-                           _params[d.id][fromTo].opacity,
-                           steps
-                       );
-                   })
-                   .styleTween('r', function(d) {
-                       return ratchetyInterpolator(
-                           _params[d.id][toFrom].width,
-                           _params[d.id][fromTo].width,
-                           steps,
-                           'px'
-                       );
-                   });
+       function utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs(ids, graph) {
+         var seen = new Set();
+         ids.forEach(collectDeepDescendants);
+         return Array.from(seen);
+
+         function collectDeepDescendants(id) {
+           if (seen.has(id)) return;
+           seen.add(id);
+           var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
+           if (!entity || entity.type !== 'relation') return;
+           entity.members.map(function (member) {
+             return member.id;
+           }).forEach(collectDeepDescendants); // recurse
+         }
+       } // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
+       //  - deep descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
+
+       function utilDeepMemberSelector(ids, graph, skipMultipolgonMembers) {
+         var idsSet = new Set(ids);
+         var seen = new Set();
+         var returners = new Set();
+         ids.forEach(collectDeepDescendants);
+         return utilEntitySelector(Array.from(returners));
+
+         function collectDeepDescendants(id) {
+           if (seen.has(id)) return;
+           seen.add(id);
+
+           if (!idsSet.has(id)) {
+             returners.add(id);
            }
 
+           var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
+           if (!entity || entity.type !== 'relation') return;
+           if (skipMultipolgonMembers && entity.isMultipolygon()) return;
+           entity.members.map(function (member) {
+             return member.id;
+           }).forEach(collectDeepDescendants); // recurse
+         }
+       } // Adds or removes highlight styling for the specified entities
 
-           function calcAnimationParams(selection) {
-               selection
-                   .call(reset)
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       var s = select(this);
-                       var tag = s.node().tagName;
-                       var p = {'from': {}, 'to': {}};
-                       var opacity;
-                       var width;
+       function utilHighlightEntities(ids, highlighted, context) {
+         context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector(ids, context.graph())).classed('highlighted', highlighted);
+       } // returns an Array that is the union of:
+       //  - nodes for any nodeIDs passed in
+       //  - child nodes of any wayIDs passed in
+       //  - descendant member and child nodes of relationIDs passed in
 
-                       // determine base opacity and width
-                       if (tag === 'circle') {
-                           opacity = parseFloat(s.style('fill-opacity') || 0.5);
-                           width = parseFloat(s.style('r') || 15.5);
-                       } else {
-                           opacity = parseFloat(s.style('stroke-opacity') || 0.7);
-                           width = parseFloat(s.style('stroke-width') || 10);
-                       }
+       function utilGetAllNodes(ids, graph) {
+         var seen = new Set();
+         var nodes = new Set();
+         ids.forEach(collectNodes);
+         return Array.from(nodes);
+
+         function collectNodes(id) {
+           if (seen.has(id)) return;
+           seen.add(id);
+           var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
+           if (!entity) return;
+
+           if (entity.type === 'node') {
+             nodes.add(entity);
+           } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
+             entity.nodes.forEach(collectNodes);
+           } else {
+             entity.members.map(function (member) {
+               return member.id;
+             }).forEach(collectNodes); // recurse
+           }
+         }
+       }
+       function utilDisplayName(entity) {
+         var localizedNameKey = 'name:' + _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase();
+         var name = entity.tags[localizedNameKey] || entity.tags.name || '';
+         if (name) return name;
+         var tags = {
+           direction: entity.tags.direction,
+           from: entity.tags.from,
+           network: entity.tags.cycle_network || entity.tags.network,
+           ref: entity.tags.ref,
+           to: entity.tags.to,
+           via: entity.tags.via
+         };
+         var keyComponents = [];
 
-                       // calculate from/to interpolation params..
-                       p.tag = tag;
-                       p.from.opacity = opacity * 0.6;
-                       p.to.opacity = opacity * 1.25;
-                       p.from.width = width * 0.7;
-                       p.to.width = width * (tag === 'circle' ? 1.5 : 1);
-                       _params[d.id] = p;
-                   });
+         if (tags.network) {
+           keyComponents.push('network');
+         }
+
+         if (tags.ref) {
+           keyComponents.push('ref');
+         } // Routes may need more disambiguation based on direction or destination
+
+
+         if (entity.tags.route) {
+           if (tags.direction) {
+             keyComponents.push('direction');
+           } else if (tags.from && tags.to) {
+             keyComponents.push('from');
+             keyComponents.push('to');
+
+             if (tags.via) {
+               keyComponents.push('via');
+             }
            }
+         }
 
+         if (keyComponents.length) {
+           name = _t('inspector.display_name.' + keyComponents.join('_'), tags);
+         }
 
-           function run(surface, fromTo) {
-               var toFrom = (fromTo === 'from' ? 'to' : 'from');
-               var currSelected = surface.selectAll(selector);
-               var currClassed = surface.attr('class');
+         return name;
+       }
+       function utilDisplayNameForPath(entity) {
+         var name = utilDisplayName(entity);
+         var isFirefox = utilDetect().browser.toLowerCase().indexOf('firefox') > -1;
+         var isNewChromium = Number(utilDetect().version.split('.')[0]) >= 96.0;
 
-               if (_done || currSelected.empty()) {
-                   _selected.call(reset);
-                   _selected = select(null);
-                   return;
-               }
+         if (!isFirefox && !isNewChromium && name && rtlRegex.test(name)) {
+           name = fixRTLTextForSvg(name);
+         }
 
-               if (!fastDeepEqual(currSelected.data(), _selected.data()) || currClassed !== _classed) {
-                   _selected.call(reset);
-                   _classed = currClassed;
-                   _selected = currSelected.call(calcAnimationParams);
-               }
+         return name;
+       }
+       function utilDisplayType(id) {
+         return {
+           n: _t('inspector.node'),
+           w: _t('inspector.way'),
+           r: _t('inspector.relation')
+         }[id.charAt(0)];
+       } // `utilDisplayLabel`
+       // Returns a string suitable for display
+       // By default returns something like name/ref, fallback to preset type, fallback to OSM type
+       //   "Main Street" or "Tertiary Road"
+       // If `verbose=true`, include both preset name and feature name.
+       //   "Tertiary Road Main Street"
+       //
 
-               var didCallNextRun = false;
+       function utilDisplayLabel(entity, graphOrGeometry, verbose) {
+         var result;
+         var displayName = utilDisplayName(entity);
+         var preset = typeof graphOrGeometry === 'string' ? _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(entity.tags, graphOrGeometry) : _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graphOrGeometry);
+         var presetName = preset && (preset.suggestion ? preset.subtitle() : preset.name());
 
-               _selected
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(duration)
-                   .call(setAnimationParams, fromTo)
-                   .on('end', function() {
-                       // `end` event is called for each selected element, but we want
-                       // it to run only once
-                       if (!didCallNextRun) {
-                           surface.call(run, toFrom);
-                           didCallNextRun = true;
-                       }
+         if (verbose) {
+           result = [presetName, displayName].filter(Boolean).join(' ');
+         } else {
+           result = displayName || presetName;
+         } // Fallback to the OSM type (node/way/relation)
 
-                       // if entity was deselected, remove breathe styling
-                       if (!select(this).classed('selected')) {
-                           reset(select(this));
-                       }
-                   });
-           }
 
-           function behavior(surface) {
-               _done = false;
-               _timer = timer(function() {
-                   // wait for elements to actually become selected
-                   if (surface.selectAll(selector).empty()) {
-                       return false;
-                   }
+         return result || utilDisplayType(entity.id);
+       }
+       function utilEntityRoot(entityType) {
+         return {
+           node: 'n',
+           way: 'w',
+           relation: 'r'
+         }[entityType];
+       } // Returns a single object containing the tags of all the given entities.
+       // Example:
+       // {
+       //   highway: 'service',
+       //   service: 'parking_aisle'
+       // }
+       //           +
+       // {
+       //   highway: 'service',
+       //   service: 'driveway',
+       //   width: '3'
+       // }
+       //           =
+       // {
+       //   highway: 'service',
+       //   service: [ 'driveway', 'parking_aisle' ],
+       //   width: [ '3', undefined ]
+       // }
 
-                   surface.call(run, 'from');
-                   _timer.stop();
-                   return true;
-               }, 20);
-           }
+       function utilCombinedTags(entityIDs, graph) {
+         var tags = {};
+         var tagCounts = {};
+         var allKeys = new Set();
+         var entities = entityIDs.map(function (entityID) {
+           return graph.hasEntity(entityID);
+         }).filter(Boolean); // gather the aggregate keys
+
+         entities.forEach(function (entity) {
+           var keys = Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(Boolean);
+           keys.forEach(function (key) {
+             allKeys.add(key);
+           });
+         });
+         entities.forEach(function (entity) {
+           allKeys.forEach(function (key) {
+             var value = entity.tags[key]; // purposely allow `undefined`
 
-           behavior.restartIfNeeded = function(surface) {
-               if (_selected.empty()) {
-                   surface.call(run, 'from');
-                   if (_timer) {
-                       _timer.stop();
-                   }
+             if (!tags.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+               // first value, set as raw
+               tags[key] = value;
+             } else {
+               if (!Array.isArray(tags[key])) {
+                 if (tags[key] !== value) {
+                   // first alternate value, replace single value with array
+                   tags[key] = [tags[key], value];
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 // type is array
+                 if (tags[key].indexOf(value) === -1) {
+                   // subsequent alternate value, add to array
+                   tags[key].push(value);
+                 }
                }
-           };
+             }
 
-           behavior.off = function() {
-               _done = true;
-               if (_timer) {
-                   _timer.stop();
-               }
-               _selected
-                   .interrupt()
-                   .call(reset);
-           };
+             var tagHash = key + '=' + value;
+             if (!tagCounts[tagHash]) tagCounts[tagHash] = 0;
+             tagCounts[tagHash] += 1;
+           });
+         });
 
+         for (var key in tags) {
+           if (!Array.isArray(tags[key])) continue; // sort values by frequency then alphabetically
 
-           return behavior;
-       }
+           tags[key] = tags[key].sort(function (val1, val2) {
+             var key = key; // capture
 
-       /* Creates a keybinding behavior for an operation */
-       function behaviorOperation(context) {
-           var _operation;
+             var count2 = tagCounts[key + '=' + val2];
+             var count1 = tagCounts[key + '=' + val1];
 
-           function keypress() {
-               // prevent operations during low zoom selection
-               if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
+             if (count2 !== count1) {
+               return count2 - count1;
+             }
 
-               event.preventDefault();
-               var disabled = _operation.disabled();
+             if (val2 && val1) {
+               return val1.localeCompare(val2);
+             }
 
-               if (disabled) {
-                   context.ui().flash
-                       .duration(4000)
-                       .iconName('#iD-operation-' + _operation.id)
-                       .iconClass('operation disabled')
-                       .text(_operation.tooltip)();
+             return val1 ? 1 : -1;
+           });
+         }
 
-               } else {
-                   context.ui().flash
-                       .duration(2000)
-                       .iconName('#iD-operation-' + _operation.id)
-                       .iconClass('operation')
-                       .text(_operation.annotation() || _operation.title)();
+         return tags;
+       }
+       function utilStringQs(str) {
+         var i = 0; // advance past any leading '?' or '#' characters
 
-                   if (_operation.point) _operation.point(null);
-                   _operation();
-               }
+         while (i < str.length && (str[i] === '?' || str[i] === '#')) {
+           i++;
+         }
+
+         str = str.slice(i);
+         return str.split('&').reduce(function (obj, pair) {
+           var parts = pair.split('=');
+
+           if (parts.length === 2) {
+             obj[parts[0]] = null === parts[1] ? '' : decodeURIComponent(parts[1]);
            }
 
+           return obj;
+         }, {});
+       }
+       function utilQsString(obj, noencode) {
+         // encode everything except special characters used in certain hash parameters:
+         // "/" in map states, ":", ",", {" and "}" in background
+         function softEncode(s) {
+           return encodeURIComponent(s).replace(/(%2F|%3A|%2C|%7B|%7D)/g, decodeURIComponent);
+         }
 
-           function behavior() {
-               if (_operation && _operation.available()) {
-                   context.keybinding()
-                       .on(_operation.keys, keypress);
-               }
+         return Object.keys(obj).sort().map(function (key) {
+           return encodeURIComponent(key) + '=' + (noencode ? softEncode(obj[key]) : encodeURIComponent(obj[key]));
+         }).join('&');
+       }
+       function utilPrefixDOMProperty(property) {
+         var prefixes = ['webkit', 'ms', 'moz', 'o'];
+         var i = -1;
+         var n = prefixes.length;
+         var s = document.body;
+         if (property in s) return property;
+         property = property.substr(0, 1).toUpperCase() + property.substr(1);
 
-               return behavior;
+         while (++i < n) {
+           if (prefixes[i] + property in s) {
+             return prefixes[i] + property;
            }
+         }
 
+         return false;
+       }
+       function utilPrefixCSSProperty(property) {
+         var prefixes = ['webkit', 'ms', 'Moz', 'O'];
+         var i = -1;
+         var n = prefixes.length;
+         var s = document.body.style;
 
-           behavior.off = function() {
-               context.keybinding()
-                   .off(_operation.keys);
-           };
+         if (property.toLowerCase() in s) {
+           return property.toLowerCase();
+         }
 
+         while (++i < n) {
+           if (prefixes[i] + property in s) {
+             return '-' + prefixes[i].toLowerCase() + property.replace(/([A-Z])/g, '-$1').toLowerCase();
+           }
+         }
 
-           behavior.which = function (_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _operation;
-               _operation = _;
-               return behavior;
-           };
+         return false;
+       }
+       var transformProperty;
+       function utilSetTransform(el, x, y, scale) {
+         var prop = transformProperty = transformProperty || utilPrefixCSSProperty('Transform');
+         var translate = utilDetect().opera ? 'translate(' + x + 'px,' + y + 'px)' : 'translate3d(' + x + 'px,' + y + 'px,0)';
+         return el.style(prop, translate + (scale ? ' scale(' + scale + ')' : ''));
+       } // Calculates Levenshtein distance between two strings
+       // see:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance
+       // first converts the strings to lowercase and replaces diacritic marks with ascii equivalents.
 
+       function utilEditDistance(a, b) {
+         a = remove$6(a.toLowerCase());
+         b = remove$6(b.toLowerCase());
+         if (a.length === 0) return b.length;
+         if (b.length === 0) return a.length;
+         var matrix = [];
+         var i, j;
 
-           return behavior;
-       }
+         for (i = 0; i <= b.length; i++) {
+           matrix[i] = [i];
+         }
 
-       function operationCircularize(context, selectedIDs) {
-           var _extent;
-           var _actions = selectedIDs.map(getAction).filter(Boolean);
-           var _amount = _actions.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
-           var _coords = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph())
-               .map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
+         for (j = 0; j <= a.length; j++) {
+           matrix[0][j] = j;
+         }
 
-           function getAction(entityID) {
+         for (i = 1; i <= b.length; i++) {
+           for (j = 1; j <= a.length; j++) {
+             if (b.charAt(i - 1) === a.charAt(j - 1)) {
+               matrix[i][j] = matrix[i - 1][j - 1];
+             } else {
+               matrix[i][j] = Math.min(matrix[i - 1][j - 1] + 1, // substitution
+               Math.min(matrix[i][j - 1] + 1, // insertion
+               matrix[i - 1][j] + 1)); // deletion
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-               var entity = context.entity(entityID);
+         return matrix[b.length][a.length];
+       } // a d3.mouse-alike which
+       // 1. Only works on HTML elements, not SVG
+       // 2. Does not cause style recalculation
 
-               if (entity.type !== 'way' || new Set(entity.nodes).size <= 1) return null;
+       function utilFastMouse(container) {
+         var rect = container.getBoundingClientRect();
+         var rectLeft = rect.left;
+         var rectTop = rect.top;
+         var clientLeft = +container.clientLeft;
+         var clientTop = +container.clientTop;
+         return function (e) {
+           return [e.clientX - rectLeft - clientLeft, e.clientY - rectTop - clientTop];
+         };
+       }
+       function utilAsyncMap(inputs, func, callback) {
+         var remaining = inputs.length;
+         var results = [];
+         var errors = [];
+         inputs.forEach(function (d, i) {
+           func(d, function done(err, data) {
+             errors[i] = err;
+             results[i] = data;
+             remaining--;
+             if (!remaining) callback(errors, results);
+           });
+         });
+       } // wraps an index to an interval [0..length-1]
 
-               if (!_extent) {
-                   _extent =  entity.extent(context.graph());
-               } else {
-                   _extent = _extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
-               }
+       function utilWrap(index, length) {
+         if (index < 0) {
+           index += Math.ceil(-index / length) * length;
+         }
 
-               return actionCircularize(entityID, context.projection);
-           }
+         return index % length;
+       }
+       /**
+        * a replacement for functor
+        *
+        * @param {*} value any value
+        * @returns {Function} a function that returns that value or the value if it's a function
+        */
 
-           var operation = function() {
-               if (!_actions.length) return;
+       function utilFunctor(value) {
+         if (typeof value === 'function') return value;
+         return function () {
+           return value;
+         };
+       }
+       function utilNoAuto(selection) {
+         var isText = selection.size() && selection.node().tagName.toLowerCase() === 'textarea';
+         return selection // assign 'new-password' even for non-password fields to prevent browsers (Chrome) ignoring 'off'
+         .attr('autocomplete', 'new-password').attr('autocorrect', 'off').attr('autocapitalize', 'off').attr('spellcheck', isText ? 'true' : 'false');
+       } // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/194846/is-there-any-kind-of-hash-code-function-in-javascript
+       // https://werxltd.com/wp/2010/05/13/javascript-implementation-of-javas-string-hashcode-method/
 
-               var combinedAction = function(graph, t) {
-                   _actions.forEach(function(action) {
-                       if (!action.disabled(graph)) {
-                           graph = action(graph, t);
-                       }
-                   });
-                   return graph;
-               };
-               combinedAction.transitionable = true;
+       function utilHashcode(str) {
+         var hash = 0;
 
-               context.perform(combinedAction, operation.annotation());
+         if (str.length === 0) {
+           return hash;
+         }
 
-               window.setTimeout(function() {
-                   context.validator().validate();
-               }, 300);  // after any transition
-           };
+         for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
+           var _char = str.charCodeAt(i);
 
+           hash = (hash << 5) - hash + _char;
+           hash = hash & hash; // Convert to 32bit integer
+         }
 
-           operation.available = function() {
-               return _actions.length && selectedIDs.length === _actions.length;
-           };
+         return hash;
+       } // Returns version of `str` with all runs of special characters replaced by `_`;
+       // suitable for HTML ids, classes, selectors, etc.
 
+       function utilSafeClassName(str) {
+         return str.toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-z0-9]+/g, '_');
+       } // Returns string based on `val` that is highly unlikely to collide with an id
+       // used previously or that's present elsewhere in the document. Useful for preventing
+       // browser-provided autofills or when embedding iD on pages with unknown elements.
 
-           // don't cache this because the visible extent could change
-           operation.disabled = function() {
-               if (!_actions.length) return '';
+       function utilUniqueDomId(val) {
+         return 'ideditor-' + utilSafeClassName(val.toString()) + '-' + new Date().getTime().toString();
+       } // Returns the length of `str` in unicode characters. This can be less than
+       // `String.length()` since a single unicode character can be composed of multiple
+       // JavaScript UTF-16 code units.
 
-               var actionDisableds = _actions.map(function(action) {
-                   return action.disabled(context.graph());
-               }).filter(Boolean);
+       function utilUnicodeCharsCount(str) {
+         // Native ES2015 implementations of `Array.from` split strings into unicode characters
+         return Array.from(str).length;
+       } // Returns a new string representing `str` cut from its start to `limit` length
+       // in unicode characters. Note that this runs the risk of splitting graphemes.
 
-               if (actionDisableds.length === _actions.length) {
-                   // none of the features can be circularized
+       function utilUnicodeCharsTruncated(str, limit) {
+         return Array.from(str).slice(0, limit).join('');
+       }
 
-                   if (new Set(actionDisableds).size > 1) {
-                       return 'multiple_blockers';
-                   }
-                   return actionDisableds[0];
-               } else if (_extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-                   return 'too_large';
-               } else if (someMissing()) {
-                   return 'not_downloaded';
-               } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-                   return 'connected_to_hidden';
-               }
+       function toNumericID(id) {
+         var match = id.match(/^[cnwr](-?\d+)$/);
 
-               return false;
+         if (match) {
+           return parseInt(match[1], 10);
+         }
 
+         return NaN;
+       }
 
-               function someMissing() {
-                   if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-                   var osm = context.connection();
-                   if (osm) {
-                       var missing = _coords.filter(function(loc) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc); });
-                       if (missing.length) {
-                           missing.forEach(function(loc) { context.loadTileAtLoc(loc); });
-                           return true;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   return false;
-               }
-           };
+       function compareNumericIDs(left, right) {
+         if (isNaN(left) && isNaN(right)) return -1;
+         if (isNaN(left)) return 1;
+         if (isNaN(right)) return -1;
+         if (Math.sign(left) !== Math.sign(right)) return -Math.sign(left);
+         if (Math.sign(left) < 0) return Math.sign(right - left);
+         return Math.sign(left - right);
+       } // Returns -1 if the first parameter ID is older than the second,
+       // 1 if the second parameter is older, 0 if they are the same.
+       // If both IDs are test IDs, the function returns -1.
 
 
-           operation.tooltip = function() {
-               var disable = operation.disabled();
-               return disable ?
-                   _t('operations.circularize.' + disable + '.' + _amount) :
-                   _t('operations.circularize.description.' + _amount);
-           };
+       function utilCompareIDs(left, right) {
+         return compareNumericIDs(toNumericID(left), toNumericID(right));
+       } // Returns the chronologically oldest ID in the list.
+       // Database IDs (with positive numbers) before editor ones (with negative numbers).
+       // Among each category, the closest number to 0 is the oldest.
+       // Test IDs (any string that does not conform to OSM's ID scheme) are taken last.
 
+       function utilOldestID(ids) {
+         if (ids.length === 0) {
+           return undefined;
+         }
 
-           operation.annotation = function() {
-               return _t('operations.circularize.annotation.' + _amount);
-           };
+         var oldestIDIndex = 0;
+         var oldestID = toNumericID(ids[0]);
 
+         for (var i = 1; i < ids.length; i++) {
+           var num = toNumericID(ids[i]);
 
-           operation.id = 'circularize';
-           operation.keys = [_t('operations.circularize.key')];
-           operation.title = _t('operations.circularize.title');
-           operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+           if (compareNumericIDs(oldestID, num) === 1) {
+             oldestIDIndex = i;
+             oldestID = num;
+           }
+         }
 
-           return operation;
+         return ids[oldestIDIndex];
        }
 
-       // Translate a MacOS key command into the appropriate Windows/Linux equivalent.
-       // For example, ⌘Z -> Ctrl+Z
-       var uiCmd = function (code) {
-           var detected = utilDetect();
+       function osmEntity(attrs) {
+         // For prototypal inheritance.
+         if (this instanceof osmEntity) return; // Create the appropriate subtype.
 
-           if (detected.os === 'mac') {
-               return code;
-           }
+         if (attrs && attrs.type) {
+           return osmEntity[attrs.type].apply(this, arguments);
+         } else if (attrs && attrs.id) {
+           return osmEntity[osmEntity.id.type(attrs.id)].apply(this, arguments);
+         } // Initialize a generic Entity (used only in tests).
 
-           if (detected.os === 'win') {
-               if (code === '⌘⇧Z') return 'Ctrl+Y';
-           }
 
-           var result = '',
-               replacements = {
-                   '⌘': 'Ctrl',
-                   '⇧': 'Shift',
-                   '⌥': 'Alt',
-                   '⌫': 'Backspace',
-                   '⌦': 'Delete'
-               };
+         return new osmEntity().initialize(arguments);
+       }
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < code.length; i++) {
-               if (code[i] in replacements) {
-                   result += replacements[code[i]] + (i < code.length - 1 ? '+' : '');
-               } else {
-                   result += code[i];
-               }
-           }
+       osmEntity.id = function (type) {
+         return osmEntity.id.fromOSM(type, osmEntity.id.next[type]--);
+       };
 
-           return result;
+       osmEntity.id.next = {
+         changeset: -1,
+         node: -1,
+         way: -1,
+         relation: -1
        };
 
+       osmEntity.id.fromOSM = function (type, id) {
+         return type[0] + id;
+       };
 
-       // return a display-focused string for a given keyboard code
-       uiCmd.display = function(code) {
-           if (code.length !== 1) return code;
+       osmEntity.id.toOSM = function (id) {
+         var match = id.match(/^[cnwr](-?\d+)$/);
 
-           var detected = utilDetect();
-           var mac = (detected.os === 'mac');
-           var replacements = {
-               '⌘': mac ? '⌘ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.cmd')    : _t('shortcuts.key.ctrl'),
-               '⇧': mac ? '⇧ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.shift')  : _t('shortcuts.key.shift'),
-               '⌥': mac ? '⌥ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.option') : _t('shortcuts.key.alt'),
-               '⌃': mac ? '⌃ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.ctrl')   : _t('shortcuts.key.ctrl'),
-               '⌫': mac ? '⌫ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.delete') : _t('shortcuts.key.backspace'),
-               '⌦': mac ? '⌦ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.del')    : _t('shortcuts.key.del'),
-               '↖': mac ? '↖ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.pgup')   : _t('shortcuts.key.pgup'),
-               '↘': mac ? '↘ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.pgdn')   : _t('shortcuts.key.pgdn'),
-               '⇞': mac ? '⇞ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.home')   : _t('shortcuts.key.home'),
-               '⇟': mac ? '⇟ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.end')    : _t('shortcuts.key.end'),
-               '↵': mac ? '⏎ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.return') : _t('shortcuts.key.enter'),
-               '⎋': mac ? '⎋ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.esc')    : _t('shortcuts.key.esc'),
-               '☰': mac ? '☰ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.menu')  : _t('shortcuts.key.menu'),
-           };
+         if (match) {
+           return match[1];
+         }
 
-           return replacements[code] || code;
+         return '';
        };
 
-       function operationDelete(context, selectedIDs) {
-           var multi = (selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple');
-           var action = actionDeleteMultiple(selectedIDs);
-           var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
-           var coords = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
-           var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+       osmEntity.id.type = function (id) {
+         return {
+           'c': 'changeset',
+           'n': 'node',
+           'w': 'way',
+           'r': 'relation'
+         }[id[0]];
+       }; // A function suitable for use as the second argument to d3.selection#data().
 
 
-           var operation = function() {
-               var nextSelectedID;
-               var nextSelectedLoc;
+       osmEntity.key = function (entity) {
+         return entity.id + 'v' + (entity.v || 0);
+       };
 
-               if (selectedIDs.length === 1) {
-                   var id = selectedIDs[0];
-                   var entity = context.entity(id);
-                   var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
-                   var parents = context.graph().parentWays(entity);
-                   var parent = parents[0];
-
-                   // Select the next closest node in the way.
-                   if (geometry === 'vertex') {
-                       var nodes = parent.nodes;
-                       var i = nodes.indexOf(id);
-
-                       if (i === 0) {
-                           i++;
-                       } else if (i === nodes.length - 1) {
-                           i--;
-                       } else {
-                           var a = geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, context.entity(nodes[i - 1]).loc);
-                           var b = geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, context.entity(nodes[i + 1]).loc);
-                           i = a < b ? i - 1 : i + 1;
-                       }
+       var _deprecatedTagValuesByKey;
 
-                       nextSelectedID = nodes[i];
-                       nextSelectedLoc = context.entity(nextSelectedID).loc;
-                   }
-               }
+       osmEntity.deprecatedTagValuesByKey = function (dataDeprecated) {
+         if (!_deprecatedTagValuesByKey) {
+           _deprecatedTagValuesByKey = {};
+           dataDeprecated.forEach(function (d) {
+             var oldKeys = Object.keys(d.old);
 
-               context.perform(action, operation.annotation());
-               context.validator().validate();
+             if (oldKeys.length === 1) {
+               var oldKey = oldKeys[0];
+               var oldValue = d.old[oldKey];
 
-               if (nextSelectedID && nextSelectedLoc) {
-                   if (context.hasEntity(nextSelectedID)) {
-                       context.enter(modeSelect(context, [nextSelectedID]).follow(true));
-                   } else {
-                       context.map().centerEase(nextSelectedLoc);
-                       context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-                   }
-               } else {
-                   context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+               if (oldValue !== '*') {
+                 if (!_deprecatedTagValuesByKey[oldKey]) {
+                   _deprecatedTagValuesByKey[oldKey] = [oldValue];
+                 } else {
+                   _deprecatedTagValuesByKey[oldKey].push(oldValue);
+                 }
                }
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-           };
+         return _deprecatedTagValuesByKey;
+       };
 
+       osmEntity.prototype = {
+         tags: {},
+         initialize: function initialize(sources) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < sources.length; ++i) {
+             var source = sources[i];
+
+             for (var prop in source) {
+               if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, prop)) {
+                 if (source[prop] === undefined) {
+                   delete this[prop];
+                 } else {
+                   this[prop] = source[prop];
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-           operation.available = function() {
-               return true;
-           };
+           if (!this.id && this.type) {
+             this.id = osmEntity.id(this.type);
+           }
 
+           if (!this.hasOwnProperty('visible')) {
+             this.visible = true;
+           }
 
-           operation.disabled = function() {
-               if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-                   return 'too_large';
-               } else if (someMissing()) {
-                   return 'not_downloaded';
-               } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-                   return 'connected_to_hidden';
-               } else if (selectedIDs.some(protectedMember)) {
-                   return 'part_of_relation';
-               } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
-                   return 'incomplete_relation';
-               } else if (selectedIDs.some(hasWikidataTag)) {
-                   return 'has_wikidata_tag';
-               }
+           if (debug) {
+             Object.freeze(this);
+             Object.freeze(this.tags);
+             if (this.loc) Object.freeze(this.loc);
+             if (this.nodes) Object.freeze(this.nodes);
+             if (this.members) Object.freeze(this.members);
+           }
 
-               return false;
+           return this;
+         },
+         copy: function copy(resolver, copies) {
+           if (copies[this.id]) return copies[this.id];
+           var copy = osmEntity(this, {
+             id: undefined,
+             user: undefined,
+             version: undefined
+           });
+           copies[this.id] = copy;
+           return copy;
+         },
+         osmId: function osmId() {
+           return osmEntity.id.toOSM(this.id);
+         },
+         isNew: function isNew() {
+           var osmId = osmEntity.id.toOSM(this.id);
+           return osmId.length === 0 || osmId[0] === '-';
+         },
+         update: function update(attrs) {
+           return osmEntity(this, attrs, {
+             v: 1 + (this.v || 0)
+           });
+         },
+         mergeTags: function mergeTags(tags) {
+           var merged = Object.assign({}, this.tags); // shallow copy
 
+           var changed = false;
 
-               function someMissing() {
-                   if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-                   var osm = context.connection();
-                   if (osm) {
-                       var missing = coords.filter(function(loc) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc); });
-                       if (missing.length) {
-                           missing.forEach(function(loc) { context.loadTileAtLoc(loc); });
-                           return true;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   return false;
-               }
+           for (var k in tags) {
+             var t1 = merged[k];
+             var t2 = tags[k];
+
+             if (!t1) {
+               changed = true;
+               merged[k] = t2;
+             } else if (t1 !== t2) {
+               changed = true;
+               merged[k] = utilUnicodeCharsTruncated(utilArrayUnion(t1.split(/;\s*/), t2.split(/;\s*/)).join(';'), 255 // avoid exceeding character limit; see also services/osm.js -> maxCharsForTagValue()
+               );
+             }
+           }
 
-               function hasWikidataTag(id) {
-                   var entity = context.entity(id);
-                   return entity.tags.wikidata && entity.tags.wikidata.trim().length > 0;
-               }
+           return changed ? this.update({
+             tags: merged
+           }) : this;
+         },
+         intersects: function intersects(extent, resolver) {
+           return this.extent(resolver).intersects(extent);
+         },
+         hasNonGeometryTags: function hasNonGeometryTags() {
+           return Object.keys(this.tags).some(function (k) {
+             return k !== 'area';
+           });
+         },
+         hasParentRelations: function hasParentRelations(resolver) {
+           return resolver.parentRelations(this).length > 0;
+         },
+         hasInterestingTags: function hasInterestingTags() {
+           return Object.keys(this.tags).some(osmIsInterestingTag);
+         },
+         isHighwayIntersection: function isHighwayIntersection() {
+           return false;
+         },
+         isDegenerate: function isDegenerate() {
+           return true;
+         },
+         deprecatedTags: function deprecatedTags(dataDeprecated) {
+           var tags = this.tags; // if there are no tags, none can be deprecated
+
+           if (Object.keys(tags).length === 0) return [];
+           var deprecated = [];
+           dataDeprecated.forEach(function (d) {
+             var oldKeys = Object.keys(d.old);
+
+             if (d.replace) {
+               var hasExistingValues = Object.keys(d.replace).some(function (replaceKey) {
+                 if (!tags[replaceKey] || d.old[replaceKey]) return false;
+                 var replaceValue = d.replace[replaceKey];
+                 if (replaceValue === '*') return false;
+                 if (replaceValue === tags[replaceKey]) return false;
+                 return true;
+               }); // don't flag deprecated tags if the upgrade path would overwrite existing data - #7843
 
-               function incompleteRelation(id) {
-                   var entity = context.entity(id);
-                   return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
-               }
+               if (hasExistingValues) return;
+             }
 
-               function protectedMember(id) {
-                   var entity = context.entity(id);
-                   if (entity.type !== 'way') return false;
-
-                   var parents = context.graph().parentRelations(entity);
-                   for (var i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
-                       var parent = parents[i];
-                       var type = parent.tags.type;
-                       var role = parent.memberById(id).role || 'outer';
-                       if (type === 'route' || type === 'boundary' || (type === 'multipolygon' && role === 'outer')) {
-                           return true;
-                       }
+             var matchesDeprecatedTags = oldKeys.every(function (oldKey) {
+               if (!tags[oldKey]) return false;
+               if (d.old[oldKey] === '*') return true;
+               if (d.old[oldKey] === tags[oldKey]) return true;
+               var vals = tags[oldKey].split(';').filter(Boolean);
+
+               if (vals.length === 0) {
+                 return false;
+               } else if (vals.length > 1) {
+                 return vals.indexOf(d.old[oldKey]) !== -1;
+               } else {
+                 if (tags[oldKey] === d.old[oldKey]) {
+                   if (d.replace && d.old[oldKey] === d.replace[oldKey]) {
+                     var replaceKeys = Object.keys(d.replace);
+                     return !replaceKeys.every(function (replaceKey) {
+                       return tags[replaceKey] === d.replace[replaceKey];
+                     });
+                   } else {
+                     return true;
                    }
-                   return false;
+                 }
                }
-           };
 
+               return false;
+             });
 
-           operation.tooltip = function() {
-               var disable = operation.disabled();
-               return disable ?
-                   _t('operations.delete.' + disable + '.' + multi) :
-                   _t('operations.delete.description' + '.' + multi);
-           };
+             if (matchesDeprecatedTags) {
+               deprecated.push(d);
+             }
+           });
+           return deprecated;
+         }
+       };
 
+       function osmLanes(entity) {
+         if (entity.type !== 'way') return null;
+         if (!entity.tags.highway) return null;
+         var tags = entity.tags;
+         var isOneWay = entity.isOneWay();
+         var laneCount = getLaneCount(tags, isOneWay);
+         var maxspeed = parseMaxspeed(tags);
+         var laneDirections = parseLaneDirections(tags, isOneWay, laneCount);
+         var forward = laneDirections.forward;
+         var backward = laneDirections.backward;
+         var bothways = laneDirections.bothways; // parse the piped string 'x|y|z' format
+
+         var turnLanes = {};
+         turnLanes.unspecified = parseTurnLanes(tags['turn:lanes']);
+         turnLanes.forward = parseTurnLanes(tags['turn:lanes:forward']);
+         turnLanes.backward = parseTurnLanes(tags['turn:lanes:backward']);
+         var maxspeedLanes = {};
+         maxspeedLanes.unspecified = parseMaxspeedLanes(tags['maxspeed:lanes'], maxspeed);
+         maxspeedLanes.forward = parseMaxspeedLanes(tags['maxspeed:lanes:forward'], maxspeed);
+         maxspeedLanes.backward = parseMaxspeedLanes(tags['maxspeed:lanes:backward'], maxspeed);
+         var psvLanes = {};
+         psvLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['psv:lanes']);
+         psvLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['psv:lanes:forward']);
+         psvLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['psv:lanes:backward']);
+         var busLanes = {};
+         busLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['bus:lanes']);
+         busLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['bus:lanes:forward']);
+         busLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['bus:lanes:backward']);
+         var taxiLanes = {};
+         taxiLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['taxi:lanes']);
+         taxiLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['taxi:lanes:forward']);
+         taxiLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['taxi:lanes:backward']);
+         var hovLanes = {};
+         hovLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['hov:lanes']);
+         hovLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hov:lanes:forward']);
+         hovLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hov:lanes:backward']);
+         var hgvLanes = {};
+         hgvLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['hgv:lanes']);
+         hgvLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hgv:lanes:forward']);
+         hgvLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hgv:lanes:backward']);
+         var bicyclewayLanes = {};
+         bicyclewayLanes.unspecified = parseBicycleWay(tags['bicycleway:lanes']);
+         bicyclewayLanes.forward = parseBicycleWay(tags['bicycleway:lanes:forward']);
+         bicyclewayLanes.backward = parseBicycleWay(tags['bicycleway:lanes:backward']);
+         var lanesObj = {
+           forward: [],
+           backward: [],
+           unspecified: []
+         }; // map forward/backward/unspecified of each lane type to lanesObj
+
+         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, turnLanes, 'turnLane');
+         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, maxspeedLanes, 'maxspeed');
+         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, psvLanes, 'psv');
+         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, busLanes, 'bus');
+         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, taxiLanes, 'taxi');
+         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, hovLanes, 'hov');
+         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, hgvLanes, 'hgv');
+         mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, bicyclewayLanes, 'bicycleway');
+         return {
+           metadata: {
+             count: laneCount,
+             oneway: isOneWay,
+             forward: forward,
+             backward: backward,
+             bothways: bothways,
+             turnLanes: turnLanes,
+             maxspeed: maxspeed,
+             maxspeedLanes: maxspeedLanes,
+             psvLanes: psvLanes,
+             busLanes: busLanes,
+             taxiLanes: taxiLanes,
+             hovLanes: hovLanes,
+             hgvLanes: hgvLanes,
+             bicyclewayLanes: bicyclewayLanes
+           },
+           lanes: lanesObj
+         };
+       }
 
-           operation.annotation = function() {
-               return selectedIDs.length === 1 ?
-                   _t('operations.delete.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(selectedIDs[0])) :
-                   _t('operations.delete.annotation.multiple', { n: selectedIDs.length });
-           };
+       function getLaneCount(tags, isOneWay) {
+         var count;
 
+         if (tags.lanes) {
+           count = parseInt(tags.lanes, 10);
 
-           operation.id = 'delete';
-           operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘⌫'), uiCmd('⌘⌦'), uiCmd('⌦')];
-           operation.title = _t('operations.delete.title');
-           operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+           if (count > 0) {
+             return count;
+           }
+         }
 
-           return operation;
-       }
+         switch (tags.highway) {
+           case 'trunk':
+           case 'motorway':
+             count = isOneWay ? 2 : 4;
+             break;
 
-       function operationOrthogonalize(context, selectedIDs) {
-           var _extent;
-           var _type;
-           var _actions = selectedIDs.map(chooseAction).filter(Boolean);
-           var _amount = _actions.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
-           var _coords = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph())
-               .map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
+           default:
+             count = isOneWay ? 1 : 2;
+             break;
+         }
 
+         return count;
+       }
 
-           function chooseAction(entityID) {
+       function parseMaxspeed(tags) {
+         var maxspeed = tags.maxspeed;
+         if (!maxspeed) return;
+         var maxspeedRegex = /^([0-9][\.0-9]+?)(?:[ ]?(?:km\/h|kmh|kph|mph|knots))?$/;
+         if (!maxspeedRegex.test(maxspeed)) return;
+         return parseInt(maxspeed, 10);
+       }
 
-               var entity = context.entity(entityID);
-               var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
+       function parseLaneDirections(tags, isOneWay, laneCount) {
+         var forward = parseInt(tags['lanes:forward'], 10);
+         var backward = parseInt(tags['lanes:backward'], 10);
+         var bothways = parseInt(tags['lanes:both_ways'], 10) > 0 ? 1 : 0;
 
-               if (!_extent) {
-                   _extent =  entity.extent(context.graph());
-               } else {
-                   _extent = _extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
-               }
-
-               // square a line/area
-               if (entity.type === 'way' && new Set(entity.nodes).size > 2 ) {
-                   if (_type && _type !== 'feature') return null;
-                   _type = 'feature';
-                   return actionOrthogonalize(entityID, context.projection);
-
-               // square a single vertex
-               } else if (geometry === 'vertex') {
-                   if (_type && _type !== 'corner') return null;
-                   _type = 'corner';
-                   var graph = context.graph();
-                   var parents = graph.parentWays(entity);
-                   if (parents.length === 1) {
-                       var way = parents[0];
-                       if (way.nodes.indexOf(entityID) !== -1) {
-                           return actionOrthogonalize(way.id, context.projection, entityID);
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+         if (parseInt(tags.oneway, 10) === -1) {
+           forward = 0;
+           bothways = 0;
+           backward = laneCount;
+         } else if (isOneWay) {
+           forward = laneCount;
+           bothways = 0;
+           backward = 0;
+         } else if (isNaN(forward) && isNaN(backward)) {
+           backward = Math.floor((laneCount - bothways) / 2);
+           forward = laneCount - bothways - backward;
+         } else if (isNaN(forward)) {
+           if (backward > laneCount - bothways) {
+             backward = laneCount - bothways;
+           }
 
-               return null;
+           forward = laneCount - bothways - backward;
+         } else if (isNaN(backward)) {
+           if (forward > laneCount - bothways) {
+             forward = laneCount - bothways;
            }
 
+           backward = laneCount - bothways - forward;
+         }
 
-           var operation = function() {
-               if (!_actions.length) return;
+         return {
+           forward: forward,
+           backward: backward,
+           bothways: bothways
+         };
+       }
 
-               var combinedAction = function(graph, t) {
-                   _actions.forEach(function(action) {
-                       if (!action.disabled(graph)) {
-                           graph = action(graph, t);
-                       }
-                   });
-                   return graph;
-               };
-               combinedAction.transitionable = true;
+       function parseTurnLanes(tag) {
+         if (!tag) return;
+         var validValues = ['left', 'slight_left', 'sharp_left', 'through', 'right', 'slight_right', 'sharp_right', 'reverse', 'merge_to_left', 'merge_to_right', 'none'];
+         return tag.split('|').map(function (s) {
+           if (s === '') s = 'none';
+           return s.split(';').map(function (d) {
+             return validValues.indexOf(d) === -1 ? 'unknown' : d;
+           });
+         });
+       }
 
-               context.perform(combinedAction, operation.annotation());
+       function parseMaxspeedLanes(tag, maxspeed) {
+         if (!tag) return;
+         return tag.split('|').map(function (s) {
+           if (s === 'none') return s;
+           var m = parseInt(s, 10);
+           if (s === '' || m === maxspeed) return null;
+           return isNaN(m) ? 'unknown' : m;
+         });
+       }
 
-               window.setTimeout(function() {
-                   context.validator().validate();
-               }, 300);  // after any transition
-           };
+       function parseMiscLanes(tag) {
+         if (!tag) return;
+         var validValues = ['yes', 'no', 'designated'];
+         return tag.split('|').map(function (s) {
+           if (s === '') s = 'no';
+           return validValues.indexOf(s) === -1 ? 'unknown' : s;
+         });
+       }
 
+       function parseBicycleWay(tag) {
+         if (!tag) return;
+         var validValues = ['yes', 'no', 'designated', 'lane'];
+         return tag.split('|').map(function (s) {
+           if (s === '') s = 'no';
+           return validValues.indexOf(s) === -1 ? 'unknown' : s;
+         });
+       }
 
-           operation.available = function() {
-               return _actions.length && selectedIDs.length === _actions.length;
-           };
+       function mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, data, key) {
+         if (data.forward) {
+           data.forward.forEach(function (l, i) {
+             if (!lanesObj.forward[i]) lanesObj.forward[i] = {};
+             lanesObj.forward[i][key] = l;
+           });
+         }
 
+         if (data.backward) {
+           data.backward.forEach(function (l, i) {
+             if (!lanesObj.backward[i]) lanesObj.backward[i] = {};
+             lanesObj.backward[i][key] = l;
+           });
+         }
 
-           // don't cache this because the visible extent could change
-           operation.disabled = function() {
-               if (!_actions.length) return '';
+         if (data.unspecified) {
+           data.unspecified.forEach(function (l, i) {
+             if (!lanesObj.unspecified[i]) lanesObj.unspecified[i] = {};
+             lanesObj.unspecified[i][key] = l;
+           });
+         }
+       }
 
-               var actionDisableds = _actions.map(function(action) {
-                   return action.disabled(context.graph());
-               }).filter(Boolean);
+       function osmWay() {
+         if (!(this instanceof osmWay)) {
+           return new osmWay().initialize(arguments);
+         } else if (arguments.length) {
+           this.initialize(arguments);
+         }
+       }
+       osmEntity.way = osmWay;
+       osmWay.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);
+       Object.assign(osmWay.prototype, {
+         type: 'way',
+         nodes: [],
+         copy: function copy(resolver, copies) {
+           if (copies[this.id]) return copies[this.id];
+           var copy = osmEntity.prototype.copy.call(this, resolver, copies);
+           var nodes = this.nodes.map(function (id) {
+             return resolver.entity(id).copy(resolver, copies).id;
+           });
+           copy = copy.update({
+             nodes: nodes
+           });
+           copies[this.id] = copy;
+           return copy;
+         },
+         extent: function extent(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'extent', function () {
+             var extent = geoExtent();
 
-               if (actionDisableds.length === _actions.length) {
-                   // none of the features can be squared
+             for (var i = 0; i < this.nodes.length; i++) {
+               var node = resolver.hasEntity(this.nodes[i]);
 
-                   if (new Set(actionDisableds).size > 1) {
-                       return 'multiple_blockers';
-                   }
-                   return actionDisableds[0];
-               } else if (_extent &&
-                          _extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-                   return 'too_large';
-               } else if (someMissing()) {
-                   return 'not_downloaded';
-               } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-                   return 'connected_to_hidden';
+               if (node) {
+                 extent._extend(node.extent());
                }
+             }
 
-               return false;
+             return extent;
+           });
+         },
+         first: function first() {
+           return this.nodes[0];
+         },
+         last: function last() {
+           return this.nodes[this.nodes.length - 1];
+         },
+         contains: function contains(node) {
+           return this.nodes.indexOf(node) >= 0;
+         },
+         affix: function affix(node) {
+           if (this.nodes[0] === node) return 'prefix';
+           if (this.nodes[this.nodes.length - 1] === node) return 'suffix';
+         },
+         layer: function layer() {
+           // explicit layer tag, clamp between -10, 10..
+           if (isFinite(this.tags.layer)) {
+             return Math.max(-10, Math.min(+this.tags.layer, 10));
+           } // implied layer tag..
+
+
+           if (this.tags.covered === 'yes') return -1;
+           if (this.tags.location === 'overground') return 1;
+           if (this.tags.location === 'underground') return -1;
+           if (this.tags.location === 'underwater') return -10;
+           if (this.tags.power === 'line') return 10;
+           if (this.tags.power === 'minor_line') return 10;
+           if (this.tags.aerialway) return 10;
+           if (this.tags.bridge) return 1;
+           if (this.tags.cutting) return -1;
+           if (this.tags.tunnel) return -1;
+           if (this.tags.waterway) return -1;
+           if (this.tags.man_made === 'pipeline') return -10;
+           if (this.tags.boundary) return -10;
+           return 0;
+         },
+         // the approximate width of the line based on its tags except its `width` tag
+         impliedLineWidthMeters: function impliedLineWidthMeters() {
+           var averageWidths = {
+             highway: {
+               // width is for single lane
+               motorway: 5,
+               motorway_link: 5,
+               trunk: 4.5,
+               trunk_link: 4.5,
+               primary: 4,
+               secondary: 4,
+               tertiary: 4,
+               primary_link: 4,
+               secondary_link: 4,
+               tertiary_link: 4,
+               unclassified: 4,
+               road: 4,
+               living_street: 4,
+               bus_guideway: 4,
+               pedestrian: 4,
+               residential: 3.5,
+               service: 3.5,
+               track: 3,
+               cycleway: 2.5,
+               bridleway: 2,
+               corridor: 2,
+               steps: 2,
+               path: 1.5,
+               footway: 1.5
+             },
+             railway: {
+               // width includes ties and rail bed, not just track gauge
+               rail: 2.5,
+               light_rail: 2.5,
+               tram: 2.5,
+               subway: 2.5,
+               monorail: 2.5,
+               funicular: 2.5,
+               disused: 2.5,
+               preserved: 2.5,
+               miniature: 1.5,
+               narrow_gauge: 1.5
+             },
+             waterway: {
+               river: 50,
+               canal: 25,
+               stream: 5,
+               tidal_channel: 5,
+               fish_pass: 2.5,
+               drain: 2.5,
+               ditch: 1.5
+             }
+           };
 
+           for (var key in averageWidths) {
+             if (this.tags[key] && averageWidths[key][this.tags[key]]) {
+               var width = averageWidths[key][this.tags[key]];
 
-               function someMissing() {
-                   if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-                   var osm = context.connection();
-                   if (osm) {
-                       var missing = _coords.filter(function(loc) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc); });
-                       if (missing.length) {
-                           missing.forEach(function(loc) { context.loadTileAtLoc(loc); });
-                           return true;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   return false;
+               if (key === 'highway') {
+                 var laneCount = this.tags.lanes && parseInt(this.tags.lanes, 10);
+                 if (!laneCount) laneCount = this.isOneWay() ? 1 : 2;
+                 return width * laneCount;
                }
-           };
 
+               return width;
+             }
+           }
 
-           operation.tooltip = function() {
-               var disable = operation.disabled();
-               return disable ?
-                   _t('operations.orthogonalize.' + disable + '.' + _amount) :
-                   _t('operations.orthogonalize.description.' + _type + '.' + _amount);
+           return null;
+         },
+         isOneWay: function isOneWay() {
+           // explicit oneway tag..
+           var values = {
+             'yes': true,
+             '1': true,
+             '-1': true,
+             'reversible': true,
+             'alternating': true,
+             'no': false,
+             '0': false
            };
 
+           if (values[this.tags.oneway] !== undefined) {
+             return values[this.tags.oneway];
+           } // implied oneway tag..
 
-           operation.annotation = function() {
-               return _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.' + _type + '.' + _amount);
-           };
 
+           for (var key in this.tags) {
+             if (key in osmOneWayTags && this.tags[key] in osmOneWayTags[key]) {
+               return true;
+             }
+           }
+
+           return false;
+         },
+         // Some identifier for tag that implies that this way is "sided",
+         // i.e. the right side is the 'inside' (e.g. the right side of a
+         // natural=cliff is lower).
+         sidednessIdentifier: function sidednessIdentifier() {
+           for (var key in this.tags) {
+             var value = this.tags[key];
+
+             if (key in osmRightSideIsInsideTags && value in osmRightSideIsInsideTags[key]) {
+               if (osmRightSideIsInsideTags[key][value] === true) {
+                 return key;
+               } else {
+                 // if the map's value is something other than a
+                 // literal true, we should use it so we can
+                 // special case some keys (e.g. natural=coastline
+                 // is handled differently to other naturals).
+                 return osmRightSideIsInsideTags[key][value];
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-           operation.id = 'orthogonalize';
-           operation.keys = [_t('operations.orthogonalize.key')];
-           operation.title = _t('operations.orthogonalize.title');
-           operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+           return null;
+         },
+         isSided: function isSided() {
+           if (this.tags.two_sided === 'yes') {
+             return false;
+           }
 
-           return operation;
-       }
+           return this.sidednessIdentifier() !== null;
+         },
+         lanes: function lanes() {
+           return osmLanes(this);
+         },
+         isClosed: function isClosed() {
+           return this.nodes.length > 1 && this.first() === this.last();
+         },
+         isConvex: function isConvex(resolver) {
+           if (!this.isClosed() || this.isDegenerate()) return null;
+           var nodes = utilArrayUniq(resolver.childNodes(this));
+           var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return n.loc;
+           });
+           var curr = 0;
+           var prev = 0;
 
-       function operationReflectShort(context, selectedIDs) {
-           return operationReflect(context, selectedIDs, 'short');
-       }
+           for (var i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
+             var o = coords[(i + 1) % coords.length];
+             var a = coords[i];
+             var b = coords[(i + 2) % coords.length];
+             var res = geoVecCross(a, b, o);
+             curr = res > 0 ? 1 : res < 0 ? -1 : 0;
 
+             if (curr === 0) {
+               continue;
+             } else if (prev && curr !== prev) {
+               return false;
+             }
 
-       function operationReflectLong(context, selectedIDs) {
-           return operationReflect(context, selectedIDs, 'long');
-       }
+             prev = curr;
+           }
 
+           return true;
+         },
+         // returns an object with the tag that implies this is an area, if any
+         tagSuggestingArea: function tagSuggestingArea() {
+           return osmTagSuggestingArea(this.tags);
+         },
+         isArea: function isArea() {
+           if (this.tags.area === 'yes') return true;
+           if (!this.isClosed() || this.tags.area === 'no') return false;
+           return this.tagSuggestingArea() !== null;
+         },
+         isDegenerate: function isDegenerate() {
+           return new Set(this.nodes).size < (this.isArea() ? 3 : 2);
+         },
+         areAdjacent: function areAdjacent(n1, n2) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < this.nodes.length; i++) {
+             if (this.nodes[i] === n1) {
+               if (this.nodes[i - 1] === n2) return true;
+               if (this.nodes[i + 1] === n2) return true;
+             }
+           }
 
-       function operationReflect(context, selectedIDs, axis) {
-           axis = axis || 'long';
-           var multi = (selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple');
-           var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
-           var coords = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
-           var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+           return false;
+         },
+         geometry: function geometry(graph) {
+           return graph["transient"](this, 'geometry', function () {
+             return this.isArea() ? 'area' : 'line';
+           });
+         },
+         // returns an array of objects representing the segments between the nodes in this way
+         segments: function segments(graph) {
+           function segmentExtent(graph) {
+             var n1 = graph.hasEntity(this.nodes[0]);
+             var n2 = graph.hasEntity(this.nodes[1]);
+             return n1 && n2 && geoExtent([[Math.min(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]), Math.min(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])], [Math.max(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]), Math.max(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])]]);
+           }
+
+           return graph["transient"](this, 'segments', function () {
+             var segments = [];
+
+             for (var i = 0; i < this.nodes.length - 1; i++) {
+               segments.push({
+                 id: this.id + '-' + i,
+                 wayId: this.id,
+                 index: i,
+                 nodes: [this.nodes[i], this.nodes[i + 1]],
+                 extent: segmentExtent
+               });
+             }
 
+             return segments;
+           });
+         },
+         // If this way is not closed, append the beginning node to the end of the nodelist to close it.
+         close: function close() {
+           if (this.isClosed() || !this.nodes.length) return this;
+           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
+           nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes);
+           nodes.push(nodes[0]);
+           return this.update({
+             nodes: nodes
+           });
+         },
+         // If this way is closed, remove any connector nodes from the end of the nodelist to unclose it.
+         unclose: function unclose() {
+           if (!this.isClosed()) return this;
+           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
+           var connector = this.first();
+           var i = nodes.length - 1; // remove trailing connectors..
 
-           var operation = function() {
-               var action = actionReflect(selectedIDs, context.projection)
-                   .useLongAxis(Boolean(axis === 'long'));
+           while (i > 0 && nodes.length > 1 && nodes[i] === connector) {
+             nodes.splice(i, 1);
+             i = nodes.length - 1;
+           }
 
-               context.perform(action, operation.annotation());
+           nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes);
+           return this.update({
+             nodes: nodes
+           });
+         },
+         // Adds a node (id) in front of the node which is currently at position index.
+         // If index is undefined, the node will be added to the end of the way for linear ways,
+         //   or just before the final connecting node for circular ways.
+         // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
+         // Circularity is always preserved when adding a node.
+         addNode: function addNode(id, index) {
+           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
+           var isClosed = this.isClosed();
+           var max = isClosed ? nodes.length - 1 : nodes.length;
 
-               window.setTimeout(function() {
-                   context.validator().validate();
-               }, 300);  // after any transition
-           };
+           if (index === undefined) {
+             index = max;
+           }
 
+           if (index < 0 || index > max) {
+             throw new RangeError('index ' + index + ' out of range 0..' + max);
+           } // If this is a closed way, remove all connector nodes except the first one
+           // (there may be duplicates) and adjust index if necessary..
 
-           operation.available = function() {
-               return nodes.length >= 3;
-           };
 
+           if (isClosed) {
+             var connector = this.first(); // leading connectors..
 
-           // don't cache this because the visible extent could change
-           operation.disabled = function() {
-               if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-                   return 'too_large';
-               } else if (someMissing()) {
-                   return 'not_downloaded';
-               } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-                   return 'connected_to_hidden';
-               } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
-                   return 'incomplete_relation';
-               }
+             var i = 1;
 
-               return false;
+             while (i < nodes.length && nodes.length > 2 && nodes[i] === connector) {
+               nodes.splice(i, 1);
+               if (index > i) index--;
+             } // trailing connectors..
 
 
-               function someMissing() {
-                   if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-                   var osm = context.connection();
-                   if (osm) {
-                       var missing = coords.filter(function(loc) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc); });
-                       if (missing.length) {
-                           missing.forEach(function(loc) { context.loadTileAtLoc(loc); });
-                           return true;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   return false;
-               }
+             i = nodes.length - 1;
 
-               function incompleteRelation(id) {
-                   var entity = context.entity(id);
-                   return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
-               }
-           };
+             while (i > 0 && nodes.length > 1 && nodes[i] === connector) {
+               nodes.splice(i, 1);
+               if (index > i) index--;
+               i = nodes.length - 1;
+             }
+           }
 
+           nodes.splice(index, 0, id);
+           nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes); // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
 
-           operation.tooltip = function() {
-               var disable = operation.disabled();
-               return disable ?
-                   _t('operations.reflect.' + disable + '.' + multi) :
-                   _t('operations.reflect.description.' + axis + '.' + multi);
-           };
+           if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
+             nodes.push(nodes[0]);
+           }
 
+           return this.update({
+             nodes: nodes
+           });
+         },
+         // Replaces the node which is currently at position index with the given node (id).
+         // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
+         // Circularity is preserved when updating a node.
+         updateNode: function updateNode(id, index) {
+           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
+           var isClosed = this.isClosed();
+           var max = nodes.length - 1;
 
-           operation.annotation = function() {
-               return _t('operations.reflect.annotation.' + axis + '.' + multi);
-           };
+           if (index === undefined || index < 0 || index > max) {
+             throw new RangeError('index ' + index + ' out of range 0..' + max);
+           } // If this is a closed way, remove all connector nodes except the first one
+           // (there may be duplicates) and adjust index if necessary..
 
 
-           operation.id = 'reflect-' + axis;
-           operation.keys = [_t('operations.reflect.key.' + axis)];
-           operation.title = _t('operations.reflect.title.' + axis);
-           operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+           if (isClosed) {
+             var connector = this.first(); // leading connectors..
 
-           return operation;
-       }
+             var i = 1;
 
-       function operationMove(context, selectedIDs) {
-           var multi = (selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple');
-           var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
-           var coords = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
-           var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+             while (i < nodes.length && nodes.length > 2 && nodes[i] === connector) {
+               nodes.splice(i, 1);
+               if (index > i) index--;
+             } // trailing connectors..
 
 
-           var operation = function() {
-               context.enter(modeMove(context, selectedIDs));
-           };
+             i = nodes.length - 1;
 
+             while (i > 0 && nodes.length > 1 && nodes[i] === connector) {
+               nodes.splice(i, 1);
+               if (index === i) index = 0; // update leading connector instead
 
-           operation.available = function() {
-               return selectedIDs.length > 1 ||
-                   context.entity(selectedIDs[0]).type !== 'node';
-           };
+               i = nodes.length - 1;
+             }
+           }
 
+           nodes.splice(index, 1, id);
+           nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes); // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
 
-           operation.disabled = function() {
-               if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-                   return 'too_large';
-               } else if (someMissing()) {
-                   return 'not_downloaded';
-               } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-                   return 'connected_to_hidden';
-               } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
-                   return 'incomplete_relation';
-               }
+           if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
+             nodes.push(nodes[0]);
+           }
 
-               return false;
+           return this.update({
+             nodes: nodes
+           });
+         },
+         // Replaces each occurrence of node id needle with replacement.
+         // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
+         // Circularity is preserved.
+         replaceNode: function replaceNode(needleID, replacementID) {
+           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
+           var isClosed = this.isClosed();
 
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
+             if (nodes[i] === needleID) {
+               nodes[i] = replacementID;
+             }
+           }
 
-               function someMissing() {
-                   if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-                   var osm = context.connection();
-                   if (osm) {
-                       var missing = coords.filter(function(loc) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc); });
-                       if (missing.length) {
-                           missing.forEach(function(loc) { context.loadTileAtLoc(loc); });
-                           return true;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   return false;
-               }
+           nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes); // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
 
-               function incompleteRelation(id) {
-                   var entity = context.entity(id);
-                   return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
-               }
+           if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
+             nodes.push(nodes[0]);
+           }
+
+           return this.update({
+             nodes: nodes
+           });
+         },
+         // Removes each occurrence of node id.
+         // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
+         // Circularity is preserved.
+         removeNode: function removeNode(id) {
+           var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
+           var isClosed = this.isClosed();
+           nodes = nodes.filter(function (node) {
+             return node !== id;
+           }).filter(noRepeatNodes); // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
+
+           if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
+             nodes.push(nodes[0]);
+           }
+
+           return this.update({
+             nodes: nodes
+           });
+         },
+         asJXON: function asJXON(changeset_id) {
+           var r = {
+             way: {
+               '@id': this.osmId(),
+               '@version': this.version || 0,
+               nd: this.nodes.map(function (id) {
+                 return {
+                   keyAttributes: {
+                     ref: osmEntity.id.toOSM(id)
+                   }
+                 };
+               }, this),
+               tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function (k) {
+                 return {
+                   keyAttributes: {
+                     k: k,
+                     v: this.tags[k]
+                   }
+                 };
+               }, this)
+             }
            };
 
+           if (changeset_id) {
+             r.way['@changeset'] = changeset_id;
+           }
 
-           operation.tooltip = function() {
-               var disable = operation.disabled();
-               return disable ?
-                   _t('operations.move.' + disable + '.' + multi) :
-                   _t('operations.move.description.' + multi);
-           };
+           return r;
+         },
+         asGeoJSON: function asGeoJSON(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'GeoJSON', function () {
+             var coordinates = resolver.childNodes(this).map(function (n) {
+               return n.loc;
+             });
 
+             if (this.isArea() && this.isClosed()) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'Polygon',
+                 coordinates: [coordinates]
+               };
+             } else {
+               return {
+                 type: 'LineString',
+                 coordinates: coordinates
+               };
+             }
+           });
+         },
+         area: function area(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'area', function () {
+             var nodes = resolver.childNodes(this);
+             var json = {
+               type: 'Polygon',
+               coordinates: [nodes.map(function (n) {
+                 return n.loc;
+               })]
+             };
 
-           operation.annotation = function() {
-               return selectedIDs.length === 1 ?
-                   _t('operations.move.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(selectedIDs[0])) :
-                   _t('operations.move.annotation.multiple');
-           };
+             if (!this.isClosed() && nodes.length) {
+               json.coordinates[0].push(nodes[0].loc);
+             }
 
+             var area = d3_geoArea(json); // Heuristic for detecting counterclockwise winding order. Assumes
+             // that OpenStreetMap polygons are not hemisphere-spanning.
 
-           operation.id = 'move';
-           operation.keys = [_t('operations.move.key')];
-           operation.title = _t('operations.move.title');
-           operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+             if (area > 2 * Math.PI) {
+               json.coordinates[0] = json.coordinates[0].reverse();
+               area = d3_geoArea(json);
+             }
 
-           operation.mouseOnly = true;
+             return isNaN(area) ? 0 : area;
+           });
+         }
+       }); // Filter function to eliminate consecutive duplicates.
 
-           return operation;
+       function noRepeatNodes(node, i, arr) {
+         return i === 0 || node !== arr[i - 1];
        }
 
-       function modeRotate(context, entityIDs) {
-           var mode = {
-               id: 'rotate',
-               button: 'browse'
-           };
+       //
+       // 1. Relation tagged with `type=multipolygon` and no interesting tags.
+       // 2. One and only one member with the `outer` role. Must be a way with interesting tags.
+       // 3. No members without a role.
+       //
+       // Old multipolygons are no longer recommended but are still rendered as areas by iD.
 
-           var keybinding = utilKeybinding('rotate');
-           var behaviors = [
-               behaviorEdit(context),
-               operationCircularize(context, entityIDs).behavior,
-               operationDelete(context, entityIDs).behavior,
-               operationMove(context, entityIDs).behavior,
-               operationOrthogonalize(context, entityIDs).behavior,
-               operationReflectLong(context, entityIDs).behavior,
-               operationReflectShort(context, entityIDs).behavior
-           ];
-           var annotation = entityIDs.length === 1 ?
-               _t('operations.rotate.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(entityIDs[0])) :
-               _t('operations.rotate.annotation.multiple');
+       function osmOldMultipolygonOuterMemberOfRelation(entity, graph) {
+         if (entity.type !== 'relation' || !entity.isMultipolygon() || Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length > 1) {
+           return false;
+         }
 
-           var _prevGraph;
-           var _prevAngle;
-           var _prevTransform;
-           var _pivot;
+         var outerMember;
 
+         for (var memberIndex in entity.members) {
+           var member = entity.members[memberIndex];
 
-           function doRotate() {
-               var fn;
-               if (context.graph() !== _prevGraph) {
-                   fn = context.perform;
-               } else {
-                   fn = context.replace;
-               }
+           if (!member.role || member.role === 'outer') {
+             if (outerMember) return false;
+             if (member.type !== 'way') return false;
+             if (!graph.hasEntity(member.id)) return false;
+             outerMember = graph.entity(member.id);
 
-               // projection changed, recalculate _pivot
-               var projection = context.projection;
-               var currTransform = projection.transform();
-               if (!_prevTransform ||
-                   currTransform.k !== _prevTransform.k ||
-                   currTransform.x !== _prevTransform.x ||
-                   currTransform.y !== _prevTransform.y) {
+             if (Object.keys(outerMember.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length === 0) {
+               return false;
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-                   var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(entityIDs, context.graph());
-                   var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
-                   _pivot = getPivot(points);
-                   _prevAngle = undefined;
-               }
+         return outerMember;
+       } // For fixing up rendering of multipolygons with tags on the outer member.
+       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/613
+
+       function osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph) {
+         if (entity.type !== 'way' || Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length === 0) {
+           return false;
+         }
 
+         var parents = graph.parentRelations(entity);
+         if (parents.length !== 1) return false;
+         var parent = parents[0];
 
-               var currMouse = context.map().mouse();
-               var currAngle = Math.atan2(currMouse[1] - _pivot[1], currMouse[0] - _pivot[0]);
+         if (!parent.isMultipolygon() || Object.keys(parent.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length > 1) {
+           return false;
+         }
 
-               if (typeof _prevAngle === 'undefined') _prevAngle = currAngle;
-               var delta = currAngle - _prevAngle;
+         var members = parent.members,
+             member;
 
-               fn(actionRotate(entityIDs, _pivot, delta, projection));
+         for (var i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
+           member = members[i];
 
-               _prevTransform = currTransform;
-               _prevAngle = currAngle;
-               _prevGraph = context.graph();
+           if (member.id === entity.id && member.role && member.role !== 'outer') {
+             // Not outer member
+             return false;
            }
 
-           function getPivot(points) {
-               var _pivot;
-               if (points.length === 1) {
-                   _pivot = points[0];
-               } else if (points.length === 2) {
-                   _pivot = geoVecInterp(points[0], points[1], 0.5);
-               } else {
-                   var polygonHull = d3_polygonHull(points);
-                   if (polygonHull.length === 2) {
-                       _pivot = geoVecInterp(points[0], points[1], 0.5);
-                   } else {
-                       _pivot = d3_polygonCentroid(d3_polygonHull(points));
-                   }
-               }
-               return _pivot;
+           if (member.id !== entity.id && (!member.role || member.role === 'outer')) {
+             // Not a simple multipolygon
+             return false;
            }
+         }
 
+         return parent;
+       }
+       function osmOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph) {
+         if (entity.type !== 'way') return false;
+         var parents = graph.parentRelations(entity);
+         if (parents.length !== 1) return false;
+         var parent = parents[0];
 
-           function finish() {
-               event.stopPropagation();
-               context.replace(actionNoop(), annotation);
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
-           }
+         if (!parent.isMultipolygon() || Object.keys(parent.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length > 1) {
+           return false;
+         }
 
+         var members = parent.members,
+             member,
+             outerMember;
 
-           function cancel() {
-               context.pop();
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
-           }
+         for (var i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
+           member = members[i];
 
+           if (!member.role || member.role === 'outer') {
+             if (outerMember) return false; // Not a simple multipolygon
 
-           function undone() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             outerMember = member;
            }
+         }
 
+         if (!outerMember) return false;
+         var outerEntity = graph.hasEntity(outerMember.id);
 
-           mode.enter = function() {
-               context.features().forceVisible(entityIDs);
+         if (!outerEntity || !Object.keys(outerEntity.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length) {
+           return false;
+         }
 
-               behaviors.forEach(context.install);
+         return outerEntity;
+       } // Join `toJoin` array into sequences of connecting ways.
+       // Segments which share identical start/end nodes will, as much as possible,
+       // be connected with each other.
+       //
+       // The return value is a nested array. Each constituent array contains elements
+       // of `toJoin` which have been determined to connect.
+       //
+       // Each consitituent array also has a `nodes` property whose value is an
+       // ordered array of member nodes, with appropriate order reversal and
+       // start/end coordinate de-duplication.
+       //
+       // Members of `toJoin` must have, at minimum, `type` and `id` properties.
+       // Thus either an array of `osmWay`s or a relation member array may be used.
+       //
+       // If an member is an `osmWay`, its tags and childnodes may be reversed via
+       // `actionReverse` in the output.
+       //
+       // The returned sequences array also has an `actions` array property, containing
+       // any reversal actions that should be applied to the graph, should the calling
+       // code attempt to actually join the given ways.
+       //
+       // Incomplete members (those for which `graph.hasEntity(element.id)` returns
+       // false) and non-way members are ignored.
+       //
 
-               context.surface()
-                   .on('mousemove.rotate', doRotate)
-                   .on('click.rotate', finish);
+       function osmJoinWays(toJoin, graph) {
+         function resolve(member) {
+           return graph.childNodes(graph.entity(member.id));
+         }
 
-               context.history()
-                   .on('undone.rotate', undone);
+         function reverse(item) {
+           var action = actionReverse(item.id, {
+             reverseOneway: true
+           });
+           sequences.actions.push(action);
+           return item instanceof osmWay ? action(graph).entity(item.id) : item;
+         } // make a copy containing only the items to join
 
-               keybinding
-                   .on('⎋', cancel)
-                   .on('↩', finish);
 
-               select(document)
-                   .call(keybinding);
-           };
+         toJoin = toJoin.filter(function (member) {
+           return member.type === 'way' && graph.hasEntity(member.id);
+         }); // Are the things we are joining relation members or `osmWays`?
+         // If `osmWays`, skip the "prefer a forward path" code below (see #4872)
 
+         var i;
+         var joinAsMembers = true;
 
-           mode.exit = function() {
-               behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
+         for (i = 0; i < toJoin.length; i++) {
+           if (toJoin[i] instanceof osmWay) {
+             joinAsMembers = false;
+             break;
+           }
+         }
 
-               context.surface()
-                   .on('mousemove.rotate', null)
-                   .on('click.rotate', null);
+         var sequences = [];
+         sequences.actions = [];
 
-               context.history()
-                   .on('undone.rotate', null);
+         while (toJoin.length) {
+           // start a new sequence
+           var item = toJoin.shift();
+           var currWays = [item];
+           var currNodes = resolve(item).slice(); // add to it
 
-               select(document)
-                   .call(keybinding.unbind);
+           while (toJoin.length) {
+             var start = currNodes[0];
+             var end = currNodes[currNodes.length - 1];
+             var fn = null;
+             var nodes = null; // Find the next way/member to join.
+
+             for (i = 0; i < toJoin.length; i++) {
+               item = toJoin[i];
+               nodes = resolve(item); // (for member ordering only, not way ordering - see #4872)
+               // Strongly prefer to generate a forward path that preserves the order
+               // of the members array. For multipolygons and most relations, member
+               // order does not matter - but for routes, it does. (see #4589)
+               // If we started this sequence backwards (i.e. next member way attaches to
+               // the start node and not the end node), reverse the initial way before continuing.
+
+               if (joinAsMembers && currWays.length === 1 && nodes[0] !== end && nodes[nodes.length - 1] !== end && (nodes[nodes.length - 1] === start || nodes[0] === start)) {
+                 currWays[0] = reverse(currWays[0]);
+                 currNodes.reverse();
+                 start = currNodes[0];
+                 end = currNodes[currNodes.length - 1];
+               }
+
+               if (nodes[0] === end) {
+                 fn = currNodes.push; // join to end
+
+                 nodes = nodes.slice(1);
+                 break;
+               } else if (nodes[nodes.length - 1] === end) {
+                 fn = currNodes.push; // join to end
 
-               context.features().forceVisible([]);
-           };
+                 nodes = nodes.slice(0, -1).reverse();
+                 item = reverse(item);
+                 break;
+               } else if (nodes[nodes.length - 1] === start) {
+                 fn = currNodes.unshift; // join to beginning
 
+                 nodes = nodes.slice(0, -1);
+                 break;
+               } else if (nodes[0] === start) {
+                 fn = currNodes.unshift; // join to beginning
 
-           mode.selectedIDs = function() {
-               if (!arguments.length) return entityIDs;
-               // no assign
-               return mode;
-           };
+                 nodes = nodes.slice(1).reverse();
+                 item = reverse(item);
+                 break;
+               } else {
+                 fn = nodes = null;
+               }
+             }
 
+             if (!nodes) {
+               // couldn't find a joinable way/member
+               break;
+             }
 
-           return mode;
+             fn.apply(currWays, [item]);
+             fn.apply(currNodes, nodes);
+             toJoin.splice(i, 1);
+           }
+
+           currWays.nodes = currNodes;
+           sequences.push(currWays);
+         }
+
+         return sequences;
        }
 
-       function operationRotate(context, selectedIDs) {
-           var multi = (selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple');
-           var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
-           var coords = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
-           var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+       function actionAddMember(relationId, member, memberIndex, insertPair) {
+         return function action(graph) {
+           var relation = graph.entity(relationId); // There are some special rules for Public Transport v2 routes.
 
+           var isPTv2 = /stop|platform/.test(member.role);
 
-           var operation = function() {
-               context.enter(modeRotate(context, selectedIDs));
-           };
+           if ((isNaN(memberIndex) || insertPair) && member.type === 'way' && !isPTv2) {
+             // Try to perform sensible inserts based on how the ways join together
+             graph = addWayMember(relation, graph);
+           } else {
+             // see https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Public_transport#Service_routes
+             // Stops and Platforms for PTv2 should be ordered first.
+             // hack: We do not currently have the ability to place them in the exactly correct order.
+             if (isPTv2 && isNaN(memberIndex)) {
+               memberIndex = 0;
+             }
 
+             graph = graph.replace(relation.addMember(member, memberIndex));
+           }
 
-           operation.available = function() {
-               return nodes.length >= 2;
-           };
+           return graph;
+         }; // Add a way member into the relation "wherever it makes sense".
+         // In this situation we were not supplied a memberIndex.
 
+         function addWayMember(relation, graph) {
+           var groups, tempWay, insertPairIsReversed, item, i, j, k; // remove PTv2 stops and platforms before doing anything.
 
-           operation.disabled = function() {
+           var PTv2members = [];
+           var members = [];
 
-               if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-                   return 'too_large';
-               } else if (someMissing()) {
-                   return 'not_downloaded';
-               } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-                   return 'connected_to_hidden';
-               } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
-                   return 'incomplete_relation';
-               }
+           for (i = 0; i < relation.members.length; i++) {
+             var m = relation.members[i];
 
-               return false;
+             if (/stop|platform/.test(m.role)) {
+               PTv2members.push(m);
+             } else {
+               members.push(m);
+             }
+           }
 
+           relation = relation.update({
+             members: members
+           });
 
-               function someMissing() {
-                   if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-                   var osm = context.connection();
-                   if (osm) {
-                       var missing = coords.filter(function(loc) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc); });
-                       if (missing.length) {
-                           missing.forEach(function(loc) { context.loadTileAtLoc(loc); });
-                           return true;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   return false;
-               }
+           if (insertPair) {
+             // We're adding a member that must stay paired with an existing member.
+             // (This feature is used by `actionSplit`)
+             //
+             // This is tricky because the members may exist multiple times in the
+             // member list, and with different A-B/B-A ordering and different roles.
+             // (e.g. a bus route that loops out and back - #4589).
+             //
+             // Replace the existing member with a temporary way,
+             // so that `osmJoinWays` can treat the pair like a single way.
+             tempWay = osmWay({
+               id: 'wTemp',
+               nodes: insertPair.nodes
+             });
+             graph = graph.replace(tempWay);
+             var tempMember = {
+               id: tempWay.id,
+               type: 'way',
+               role: member.role
+             };
+             var tempRelation = relation.replaceMember({
+               id: insertPair.originalID
+             }, tempMember, true);
+             groups = utilArrayGroupBy(tempRelation.members, 'type');
+             groups.way = groups.way || []; // Insert pair is reversed if the inserted way comes before the original one.
+             // (Except when they form a loop.)
+
+             var originalWay = graph.entity(insertPair.originalID);
+             var insertedWay = graph.entity(insertPair.insertedID);
+             insertPairIsReversed = originalWay.nodes.length > 0 && insertedWay.nodes.length > 0 && insertedWay.nodes[insertedWay.nodes.length - 1] === originalWay.nodes[0] && originalWay.nodes[originalWay.nodes.length - 1] !== insertedWay.nodes[0];
+           } else {
+             // Add the member anywhere, one time. Just push and let `osmJoinWays` decide where to put it.
+             groups = utilArrayGroupBy(relation.members, 'type');
+             groups.way = groups.way || [];
+             groups.way.push(member);
+           }
 
-               function incompleteRelation(id) {
-                   var entity = context.entity(id);
-                   return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
+           members = withIndex(groups.way);
+           var joined = osmJoinWays(members, graph); // `joined` might not contain all of the way members,
+           // But will contain only the completed (downloaded) members
+
+           for (i = 0; i < joined.length; i++) {
+             var segment = joined[i];
+             var nodes = segment.nodes.slice();
+             var startIndex = segment[0].index; // j = array index in `members` where this segment starts
+
+             for (j = 0; j < members.length; j++) {
+               if (members[j].index === startIndex) {
+                 break;
                }
-           };
+             } // k = each member in segment
 
 
-           operation.tooltip = function() {
-               var disable = operation.disabled();
-               return disable ?
-                   _t('operations.rotate.' + disable + '.' + multi) :
-                   _t('operations.rotate.description.' + multi);
-           };
+             for (k = 0; k < segment.length; k++) {
+               item = segment[k];
+               var way = graph.entity(item.id); // If this is a paired item, generate members in correct order and role
 
+               if (tempWay && item.id === tempWay.id) {
+                 var reverse = nodes[0].id !== insertPair.nodes[0] ^ insertPairIsReversed;
 
-           operation.annotation = function() {
-               return selectedIDs.length === 1 ?
-                   _t('operations.rotate.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(selectedIDs[0])) :
-                   _t('operations.rotate.annotation.multiple');
-           };
+                 if (reverse) {
+                   item.pair = [{
+                     id: insertPair.insertedID,
+                     type: 'way',
+                     role: item.role
+                   }, {
+                     id: insertPair.originalID,
+                     type: 'way',
+                     role: item.role
+                   }];
+                 } else {
+                   item.pair = [{
+                     id: insertPair.originalID,
+                     type: 'way',
+                     role: item.role
+                   }, {
+                     id: insertPair.insertedID,
+                     type: 'way',
+                     role: item.role
+                   }];
+                 }
+               } // reorder `members` if necessary
 
 
-           operation.id = 'rotate';
-           operation.keys = [_t('operations.rotate.key')];
-           operation.title = _t('operations.rotate.title');
-           operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+               if (k > 0) {
+                 if (j + k >= members.length || item.index !== members[j + k].index) {
+                   moveMember(members, item.index, j + k);
+                 }
+               }
 
-           operation.mouseOnly = true;
+               nodes.splice(0, way.nodes.length - 1);
+             }
+           }
 
-           return operation;
-       }
+           if (tempWay) {
+             graph = graph.remove(tempWay);
+           } // Final pass: skip dead items, split pairs, remove index properties
 
-       function modeMove(context, entityIDs, baseGraph) {
-           var mode = {
-               id: 'move',
-               button: 'browse'
-           };
 
-           var keybinding = utilKeybinding('move');
-           var behaviors = [
-               behaviorEdit(context),
-               operationCircularize(context, entityIDs).behavior,
-               operationDelete(context, entityIDs).behavior,
-               operationOrthogonalize(context, entityIDs).behavior,
-               operationReflectLong(context, entityIDs).behavior,
-               operationReflectShort(context, entityIDs).behavior,
-               operationRotate(context, entityIDs).behavior
-           ];
-           var annotation = entityIDs.length === 1 ?
-               _t('operations.move.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(entityIDs[0])) :
-               _t('operations.move.annotation.multiple');
+           var wayMembers = [];
 
-           var _prevGraph;
-           var _cache;
-           var _origin;
-           var _nudgeInterval;
+           for (i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
+             item = members[i];
+             if (item.index === -1) continue;
 
+             if (item.pair) {
+               wayMembers.push(item.pair[0]);
+               wayMembers.push(item.pair[1]);
+             } else {
+               wayMembers.push(utilObjectOmit(item, ['index']));
+             }
+           } // Put stops and platforms first, then nodes, ways, relations
+           // This is recommended for Public Transport v2 routes:
+           // see https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Public_transport#Service_routes
 
-           function doMove(nudge) {
-               nudge = nudge || [0, 0];
 
-               var fn;
-               if (_prevGraph !== context.graph()) {
-                   _cache = {};
-                   _origin = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
-                   fn = context.perform;
-               } else {
-                   fn = context.overwrite;
-               }
+           var newMembers = PTv2members.concat(groups.node || [], wayMembers, groups.relation || []);
+           return graph.replace(relation.update({
+             members: newMembers
+           })); // `moveMember()` changes the `members` array in place by splicing
+           // the item with `.index = findIndex` to where it belongs,
+           // and marking the old position as "dead" with `.index = -1`
+           //
+           // j=5, k=0                jk
+           // segment                 5 4 7 6
+           // members       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9        keep 5 in j+k
+           //
+           // j=5, k=1                j k
+           // segment                 5 4 7 6
+           // members       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9        move 4 to j+k
+           // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 6 7 8 9      moved
+           //
+           // j=5, k=2                j   k
+           // segment                 5 4 7 6
+           // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 6 7 8 9      move 7 to j+k
+           // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 7 6 x 8 9    moved
+           //
+           // j=5, k=3                j     k
+           // segment                 5 4 7 6
+           // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 7 6 x 8 9    keep 6 in j+k
+           //
 
-               var currMouse = context.map().mouse();
-               var origMouse = context.projection(_origin);
-               var delta = geoVecSubtract(geoVecSubtract(currMouse, origMouse), nudge);
+           function moveMember(arr, findIndex, toIndex) {
+             var i;
 
-               fn(actionMove(entityIDs, delta, context.projection, _cache));
-               _prevGraph = context.graph();
-           }
+             for (i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+               if (arr[i].index === findIndex) {
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
 
+             var item = Object.assign({}, arr[i]); // shallow copy
 
-           function startNudge(nudge) {
-               if (_nudgeInterval) window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
-               _nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function() {
-                   context.map().pan(nudge);
-                   doMove(nudge);
-               }, 50);
-           }
+             arr[i].index = -1; // mark as dead
 
+             item.index = toIndex;
+             arr.splice(toIndex, 0, item);
+           } // This is the same as `Relation.indexedMembers`,
+           // Except we don't want to index all the members, only the ways
 
-           function stopNudge() {
-               if (_nudgeInterval) {
-                   window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
-                   _nudgeInterval = null;
-               }
-           }
 
+           function withIndex(arr) {
+             var result = new Array(arr.length);
 
-           function move() {
-               doMove();
-               var nudge = geoViewportEdge(context.map().mouse(), context.map().dimensions());
-               if (nudge) {
-                   startNudge(nudge);
-               } else {
-                   stopNudge();
-               }
-           }
+             for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+               result[i] = Object.assign({}, arr[i]); // shallow copy
 
+               result[i].index = i;
+             }
 
-           function finish() {
-               event.stopPropagation();
-               context.replace(actionNoop(), annotation);
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
-               stopNudge();
+             return result;
            }
+         }
+       }
 
+       function actionAddMidpoint(midpoint, node) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           graph = graph.replace(node.move(midpoint.loc));
+           var parents = utilArrayIntersection(graph.parentWays(graph.entity(midpoint.edge[0])), graph.parentWays(graph.entity(midpoint.edge[1])));
+           parents.forEach(function (way) {
+             for (var i = 0; i < way.nodes.length - 1; i++) {
+               if (geoEdgeEqual([way.nodes[i], way.nodes[i + 1]], midpoint.edge)) {
+                 graph = graph.replace(graph.entity(way.id).addNode(node.id, i + 1)); // Add only one midpoint on doubled-back segments,
+                 // turning them into self-intersections.
 
-           function cancel() {
-               if (baseGraph) {
-                   while (context.graph() !== baseGraph) context.pop();
-                   context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               } else {
-                   context.pop();
-                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
+                 return;
                }
-               stopNudge();
-           }
+             }
+           });
+           return graph;
+         };
+       }
+
+       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/AddNodeToWayAction.as
+       function actionAddVertex(wayId, nodeId, index) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           return graph.replace(graph.entity(wayId).addNode(nodeId, index));
+         };
+       }
 
+       function actionChangeMember(relationId, member, memberIndex) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           return graph.replace(graph.entity(relationId).updateMember(member, memberIndex));
+         };
+       }
 
-           function undone() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           }
+       function actionChangePreset(entityID, oldPreset, newPreset, skipFieldDefaults) {
+         return function action(graph) {
+           var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
+           var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+           var tags = entity.tags; // preserve tags that the new preset might care about, if any
 
+           if (oldPreset) tags = oldPreset.unsetTags(tags, geometry, newPreset && newPreset.addTags ? Object.keys(newPreset.addTags) : null);
+           if (newPreset) tags = newPreset.setTags(tags, geometry, skipFieldDefaults);
+           return graph.replace(entity.update({
+             tags: tags
+           }));
+         };
+       }
 
-           mode.enter = function() {
-               _origin = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
-               _prevGraph = null;
-               _cache = {};
+       function actionChangeTags(entityId, tags) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           var entity = graph.entity(entityId);
+           return graph.replace(entity.update({
+             tags: tags
+           }));
+         };
+       }
 
-               context.features().forceVisible(entityIDs);
+       function osmNode() {
+         if (!(this instanceof osmNode)) {
+           return new osmNode().initialize(arguments);
+         } else if (arguments.length) {
+           this.initialize(arguments);
+         }
+       }
+       osmEntity.node = osmNode;
+       osmNode.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);
+       Object.assign(osmNode.prototype, {
+         type: 'node',
+         loc: [9999, 9999],
+         extent: function extent() {
+           return new geoExtent(this.loc);
+         },
+         geometry: function geometry(graph) {
+           return graph["transient"](this, 'geometry', function () {
+             return graph.isPoi(this) ? 'point' : 'vertex';
+           });
+         },
+         move: function move(loc) {
+           return this.update({
+             loc: loc
+           });
+         },
+         isDegenerate: function isDegenerate() {
+           return !(Array.isArray(this.loc) && this.loc.length === 2 && this.loc[0] >= -180 && this.loc[0] <= 180 && this.loc[1] >= -90 && this.loc[1] <= 90);
+         },
+         // Inspect tags and geometry to determine which direction(s) this node/vertex points
+         directions: function directions(resolver, projection) {
+           var val;
+           var i; // which tag to use?
+
+           if (this.isHighwayIntersection(resolver) && (this.tags.stop || '').toLowerCase() === 'all') {
+             // all-way stop tag on a highway intersection
+             val = 'all';
+           } else {
+             // generic direction tag
+             val = (this.tags.direction || '').toLowerCase(); // better suffix-style direction tag
 
-               behaviors.forEach(context.install);
+             var re = /:direction$/i;
+             var keys = Object.keys(this.tags);
 
-               context.surface()
-                   .on('mousemove.move', move)
-                   .on('click.move', finish);
+             for (i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
+               if (re.test(keys[i])) {
+                 val = this.tags[keys[i]].toLowerCase();
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-               context.history()
-                   .on('undone.move', undone);
+           if (val === '') return [];
+           var cardinal = {
+             north: 0,
+             n: 0,
+             northnortheast: 22,
+             nne: 22,
+             northeast: 45,
+             ne: 45,
+             eastnortheast: 67,
+             ene: 67,
+             east: 90,
+             e: 90,
+             eastsoutheast: 112,
+             ese: 112,
+             southeast: 135,
+             se: 135,
+             southsoutheast: 157,
+             sse: 157,
+             south: 180,
+             s: 180,
+             southsouthwest: 202,
+             ssw: 202,
+             southwest: 225,
+             sw: 225,
+             westsouthwest: 247,
+             wsw: 247,
+             west: 270,
+             w: 270,
+             westnorthwest: 292,
+             wnw: 292,
+             northwest: 315,
+             nw: 315,
+             northnorthwest: 337,
+             nnw: 337
+           };
+           var values = val.split(';');
+           var results = [];
+           values.forEach(function (v) {
+             // swap cardinal for numeric directions
+             if (cardinal[v] !== undefined) {
+               v = cardinal[v];
+             } // numeric direction - just add to results
 
-               keybinding
-                   .on('⎋', cancel)
-                   .on('↩', finish);
 
-               select(document)
-                   .call(keybinding);
-           };
+             if (v !== '' && !isNaN(+v)) {
+               results.push(+v);
+               return;
+             } // string direction - inspect parent ways
 
 
-           mode.exit = function() {
-               stopNudge();
+             var lookBackward = this.tags['traffic_sign:backward'] || v === 'backward' || v === 'both' || v === 'all';
+             var lookForward = this.tags['traffic_sign:forward'] || v === 'forward' || v === 'both' || v === 'all';
+             if (!lookForward && !lookBackward) return;
+             var nodeIds = {};
+             resolver.parentWays(this).forEach(function (parent) {
+               var nodes = parent.nodes;
 
-               behaviors.forEach(function(behavior) {
-                   context.uninstall(behavior);
-               });
+               for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
+                 if (nodes[i] === this.id) {
+                   // match current entity
+                   if (lookForward && i > 0) {
+                     nodeIds[nodes[i - 1]] = true; // look back to prev node
+                   }
 
-               context.surface()
-                   .on('mousemove.move', null)
-                   .on('click.move', null);
+                   if (lookBackward && i < nodes.length - 1) {
+                     nodeIds[nodes[i + 1]] = true; // look ahead to next node
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
+             }, this);
+             Object.keys(nodeIds).forEach(function (nodeId) {
+               // +90 because geoAngle returns angle from X axis, not Y (north)
+               results.push(geoAngle(this, resolver.entity(nodeId), projection) * (180 / Math.PI) + 90);
+             }, this);
+           }, this);
+           return utilArrayUniq(results);
+         },
+         isCrossing: function isCrossing() {
+           return this.tags.highway === 'crossing' || this.tags.railway && this.tags.railway.indexOf('crossing') !== -1;
+         },
+         isEndpoint: function isEndpoint(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'isEndpoint', function () {
+             var id = this.id;
+             return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function (parent) {
+               return !parent.isClosed() && !!parent.affix(id);
+             }).length > 0;
+           });
+         },
+         isConnected: function isConnected(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'isConnected', function () {
+             var parents = resolver.parentWays(this);
 
-               context.history()
-                   .on('undone.move', null);
+             if (parents.length > 1) {
+               // vertex is connected to multiple parent ways
+               for (var i in parents) {
+                 if (parents[i].geometry(resolver) === 'line' && parents[i].hasInterestingTags()) return true;
+               }
+             } else if (parents.length === 1) {
+               var way = parents[0];
+               var nodes = way.nodes.slice();
 
-               select(document)
-                   .call(keybinding.unbind);
+               if (way.isClosed()) {
+                 nodes.pop();
+               } // ignore connecting node if closed
+               // return true if vertex appears multiple times (way is self intersecting)
 
-               context.features().forceVisible([]);
-           };
 
+               return nodes.indexOf(this.id) !== nodes.lastIndexOf(this.id);
+             }
 
-           mode.selectedIDs = function() {
-               if (!arguments.length) return entityIDs;
-               // no assign
-               return mode;
+             return false;
+           });
+         },
+         parentIntersectionWays: function parentIntersectionWays(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'parentIntersectionWays', function () {
+             return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function (parent) {
+               return (parent.tags.highway || parent.tags.waterway || parent.tags.railway || parent.tags.aeroway) && parent.geometry(resolver) === 'line';
+             });
+           });
+         },
+         isIntersection: function isIntersection(resolver) {
+           return this.parentIntersectionWays(resolver).length > 1;
+         },
+         isHighwayIntersection: function isHighwayIntersection(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'isHighwayIntersection', function () {
+             return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function (parent) {
+               return parent.tags.highway && parent.geometry(resolver) === 'line';
+             }).length > 1;
+           });
+         },
+         isOnAddressLine: function isOnAddressLine(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'isOnAddressLine', function () {
+             return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function (parent) {
+               return parent.tags.hasOwnProperty('addr:interpolation') && parent.geometry(resolver) === 'line';
+             }).length > 0;
+           });
+         },
+         asJXON: function asJXON(changeset_id) {
+           var r = {
+             node: {
+               '@id': this.osmId(),
+               '@lon': this.loc[0],
+               '@lat': this.loc[1],
+               '@version': this.version || 0,
+               tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function (k) {
+                 return {
+                   keyAttributes: {
+                     k: k,
+                     v: this.tags[k]
+                   }
+                 };
+               }, this)
+             }
+           };
+           if (changeset_id) r.node['@changeset'] = changeset_id;
+           return r;
+         },
+         asGeoJSON: function asGeoJSON() {
+           return {
+             type: 'Point',
+             coordinates: this.loc
            };
+         }
+       });
 
+       function actionCircularize(wayId, projection, maxAngle) {
+         maxAngle = (maxAngle || 20) * Math.PI / 180;
+
+         var action = function action(graph, t) {
+           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
+           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
+           var way = graph.entity(wayId);
+           var origNodes = {};
+           graph.childNodes(way).forEach(function (node) {
+             if (!origNodes[node.id]) origNodes[node.id] = node;
+           });
 
-           return mode;
-       }
+           if (!way.isConvex(graph)) {
+             graph = action.makeConvex(graph);
+           }
 
-       // see also `operationPaste`
-       function behaviorPaste(context) {
+           var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
+           var keyNodes = nodes.filter(function (n) {
+             return graph.parentWays(n).length !== 1;
+           });
+           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var keyPoints = keyNodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var centroid = points.length === 2 ? geoVecInterp(points[0], points[1], 0.5) : d3_polygonCentroid(points);
+           var radius = d3_median(points, function (p) {
+             return geoVecLength(centroid, p);
+           });
+           var sign = d3_polygonArea(points) > 0 ? 1 : -1;
+           var ids, i, j, k; // we need at least two key nodes for the algorithm to work
+
+           if (!keyNodes.length) {
+             keyNodes = [nodes[0]];
+             keyPoints = [points[0]];
+           }
+
+           if (keyNodes.length === 1) {
+             var index = nodes.indexOf(keyNodes[0]);
+             var oppositeIndex = Math.floor((index + nodes.length / 2) % nodes.length);
+             keyNodes.push(nodes[oppositeIndex]);
+             keyPoints.push(points[oppositeIndex]);
+           } // key points and nodes are those connected to the ways,
+           // they are projected onto the circle, in between nodes are moved
+           // to constant intervals between key nodes, extra in between nodes are
+           // added if necessary.
+
+
+           for (i = 0; i < keyPoints.length; i++) {
+             var nextKeyNodeIndex = (i + 1) % keyNodes.length;
+             var startNode = keyNodes[i];
+             var endNode = keyNodes[nextKeyNodeIndex];
+             var startNodeIndex = nodes.indexOf(startNode);
+             var endNodeIndex = nodes.indexOf(endNode);
+             var numberNewPoints = -1;
+             var indexRange = endNodeIndex - startNodeIndex;
+             var nearNodes = {};
+             var inBetweenNodes = [];
+             var startAngle, endAngle, totalAngle, eachAngle;
+             var angle, loc, node, origNode;
+
+             if (indexRange < 0) {
+               indexRange += nodes.length;
+             } // position this key node
+
+
+             var distance = geoVecLength(centroid, keyPoints[i]) || 1e-4;
+             keyPoints[i] = [centroid[0] + (keyPoints[i][0] - centroid[0]) / distance * radius, centroid[1] + (keyPoints[i][1] - centroid[1]) / distance * radius];
+             loc = projection.invert(keyPoints[i]);
+             node = keyNodes[i];
+             origNode = origNodes[node.id];
+             node = node.move(geoVecInterp(origNode.loc, loc, t));
+             graph = graph.replace(node); // figure out the between delta angle we want to match to
+
+             startAngle = Math.atan2(keyPoints[i][1] - centroid[1], keyPoints[i][0] - centroid[0]);
+             endAngle = Math.atan2(keyPoints[nextKeyNodeIndex][1] - centroid[1], keyPoints[nextKeyNodeIndex][0] - centroid[0]);
+             totalAngle = endAngle - startAngle; // detects looping around -pi/pi
+
+             if (totalAngle * sign > 0) {
+               totalAngle = -sign * (2 * Math.PI - Math.abs(totalAngle));
+             }
 
-           function doPaste() {
-               // prevent paste during low zoom selection
-               if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
+             do {
+               numberNewPoints++;
+               eachAngle = totalAngle / (indexRange + numberNewPoints);
+             } while (Math.abs(eachAngle) > maxAngle); // move existing nodes
 
-               event.preventDefault();
 
-               var baseGraph = context.graph();
-               var mouse = context.map().mouse();
-               var projection = context.projection;
-               var viewport = geoExtent(projection.clipExtent()).polygon();
+             for (j = 1; j < indexRange; j++) {
+               angle = startAngle + j * eachAngle;
+               loc = projection.invert([centroid[0] + Math.cos(angle) * radius, centroid[1] + Math.sin(angle) * radius]);
+               node = nodes[(j + startNodeIndex) % nodes.length];
+               origNode = origNodes[node.id];
+               nearNodes[node.id] = angle;
+               node = node.move(geoVecInterp(origNode.loc, loc, t));
+               graph = graph.replace(node);
+             } // add new in between nodes if necessary
 
-               if (!geoPointInPolygon(mouse, viewport)) return;
 
-               var oldIDs = context.copyIDs();
-               if (!oldIDs.length) return;
+             for (j = 0; j < numberNewPoints; j++) {
+               angle = startAngle + (indexRange + j) * eachAngle;
+               loc = projection.invert([centroid[0] + Math.cos(angle) * radius, centroid[1] + Math.sin(angle) * radius]); // choose a nearnode to use as the original
 
-               var extent = geoExtent();
-               var oldGraph = context.copyGraph();
-               var newIDs = [];
+               var min = Infinity;
 
-               var action = actionCopyEntities(oldIDs, oldGraph);
-               context.perform(action);
+               for (var nodeId in nearNodes) {
+                 var nearAngle = nearNodes[nodeId];
+                 var dist = Math.abs(nearAngle - angle);
 
-               var copies = action.copies();
-               var originals = new Set();
-               Object.values(copies).forEach(function(entity) { originals.add(entity.id); });
+                 if (dist < min) {
+                   min = dist;
+                   origNode = origNodes[nodeId];
+                 }
+               }
 
-               for (var id in copies) {
-                   var oldEntity = oldGraph.entity(id);
-                   var newEntity = copies[id];
+               node = osmNode({
+                 loc: geoVecInterp(origNode.loc, loc, t)
+               });
+               graph = graph.replace(node);
+               nodes.splice(endNodeIndex + j, 0, node);
+               inBetweenNodes.push(node.id);
+             } // Check for other ways that share these keyNodes..
+             // If keyNodes are adjacent in both ways,
+             // we can add inBetweenNodes to that shared way too..
 
-                   extent._extend(oldEntity.extent(oldGraph));
 
-                   // Exclude child nodes from newIDs if their parent way was also copied.
-                   var parents = context.graph().parentWays(newEntity);
-                   var parentCopied = parents.some(function(parent) {
-                       return originals.has(parent.id);
-                   });
+             if (indexRange === 1 && inBetweenNodes.length) {
+               var startIndex1 = way.nodes.lastIndexOf(startNode.id);
+               var endIndex1 = way.nodes.lastIndexOf(endNode.id);
+               var wayDirection1 = endIndex1 - startIndex1;
 
-                   if (!parentCopied) {
-                       newIDs.push(newEntity.id);
-                   }
+               if (wayDirection1 < -1) {
+                 wayDirection1 = 1;
                }
 
-               // Put pasted objects where mouse pointer is..
-               var copyPoint = (context.copyLonLat() && projection(context.copyLonLat())) || projection(extent.center());
-               var delta = geoVecSubtract(mouse, copyPoint);
+               var parentWays = graph.parentWays(keyNodes[i]);
 
-               context.perform(actionMove(newIDs, delta, projection));
-               context.enter(modeMove(context, newIDs, baseGraph));
-           }
+               for (j = 0; j < parentWays.length; j++) {
+                 var sharedWay = parentWays[j];
+                 if (sharedWay === way) continue;
 
+                 if (sharedWay.areAdjacent(startNode.id, endNode.id)) {
+                   var startIndex2 = sharedWay.nodes.lastIndexOf(startNode.id);
+                   var endIndex2 = sharedWay.nodes.lastIndexOf(endNode.id);
+                   var wayDirection2 = endIndex2 - startIndex2;
+                   var insertAt = endIndex2;
 
-           function behavior() {
-               context.keybinding().on(uiCmd('⌘V'), doPaste);
-               return behavior;
-           }
+                   if (wayDirection2 < -1) {
+                     wayDirection2 = 1;
+                   }
 
+                   if (wayDirection1 !== wayDirection2) {
+                     inBetweenNodes.reverse();
+                     insertAt = startIndex2;
+                   }
 
-           behavior.off = function() {
-               context.keybinding().off(uiCmd('⌘V'));
-           };
+                   for (k = 0; k < inBetweenNodes.length; k++) {
+                     sharedWay = sharedWay.addNode(inBetweenNodes[k], insertAt + k);
+                   }
 
+                   graph = graph.replace(sharedWay);
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+           } // update the way to have all the new nodes
 
-           return behavior;
-       }
 
-       /*
-           `behaviorDrag` is like `d3_behavior.drag`, with the following differences:
+           ids = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return n.id;
+           });
+           ids.push(ids[0]);
+           way = way.update({
+             nodes: ids
+           });
+           graph = graph.replace(way);
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-           * The `origin` function is expected to return an [x, y] tuple rather than an
-             {x, y} object.
-           * The events are `start`, `move`, and `end`.
-             (https://github.com/mbostock/d3/issues/563)
-           * The `start` event is not dispatched until the first cursor movement occurs.
-             (https://github.com/mbostock/d3/pull/368)
-           * The `move` event has a `point` and `delta` [x, y] tuple properties rather
-             than `x`, `y`, `dx`, and `dy` properties.
-           * The `end` event is not dispatched if no movement occurs.
-           * An `off` function is available that unbinds the drag's internal event handlers.
-        */
+         action.makeConvex = function (graph) {
+           var way = graph.entity(wayId);
+           var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
+           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var sign = d3_polygonArea(points) > 0 ? 1 : -1;
+           var hull = d3_polygonHull(points);
+           var i, j; // D3 convex hulls go counterclockwise..
 
-       function behaviorDrag() {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('start', 'move', 'end');
-
-           // see also behaviorSelect
-           var _tolerancePx = 1; // keep this low to facilitate pixel-perfect micromapping
-           var _penTolerancePx = 4; // styluses can be touchy so require greater movement - #1981
-
-           var _origin = null;
-           var _selector = '';
-           var _event;
-           var _target;
-           var _surface;
-           var _pointerId;
-
-           // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
-           var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
-
-           var d3_event_userSelectProperty = utilPrefixCSSProperty('UserSelect');
-           var d3_event_userSelectSuppress = function() {
-                   var selection$1 = selection();
-                   var select = selection$1.style(d3_event_userSelectProperty);
-                   selection$1.style(d3_event_userSelectProperty, 'none');
-                   return function() {
-                       selection$1.style(d3_event_userSelectProperty, select);
-                   };
-               };
+           if (sign === -1) {
+             nodes.reverse();
+             points.reverse();
+           }
 
+           for (i = 0; i < hull.length - 1; i++) {
+             var startIndex = points.indexOf(hull[i]);
+             var endIndex = points.indexOf(hull[i + 1]);
+             var indexRange = endIndex - startIndex;
 
-           function eventOf(thiz, argumentz) {
-               return function(e1) {
-                   e1.target = behavior;
-                   customEvent(e1, dispatch$1.apply, dispatch$1, [e1.type, thiz, argumentz]);
-               };
+             if (indexRange < 0) {
+               indexRange += nodes.length;
+             } // move interior nodes to the surface of the convex hull..
+
+
+             for (j = 1; j < indexRange; j++) {
+               var point = geoVecInterp(hull[i], hull[i + 1], j / indexRange);
+               var node = nodes[(j + startIndex) % nodes.length].move(projection.invert(point));
+               graph = graph.replace(node);
+             }
            }
 
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-           function pointerdown() {
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           if (!graph.entity(wayId).isClosed()) {
+             return 'not_closed';
+           } //disable when already circular
 
-               if (_pointerId) return;
 
-               _pointerId = event.pointerId || 'mouse';
+           var way = graph.entity(wayId);
+           var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
+           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var hull = d3_polygonHull(points);
+           var epsilonAngle = Math.PI / 180;
 
-               _target = this;
-               _event = eventOf(_target, arguments);
+           if (hull.length !== points.length || hull.length < 3) {
+             return false;
+           }
 
-               // only force reflow once per drag
-               var pointerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(_surface || _target.parentNode);
+           var centroid = d3_polygonCentroid(points);
+           var radius = geoVecLengthSquare(centroid, points[0]);
+           var i, actualPoint; // compare distances between centroid and points
 
-               var offset;
-               var startOrigin = pointerLocGetter(event);
-               var started = false;
-               var selectEnable = d3_event_userSelectSuppress();
+           for (i = 0; i < hull.length; i++) {
+             actualPoint = hull[i];
+             var actualDist = geoVecLengthSquare(actualPoint, centroid);
+             var diff = Math.abs(actualDist - radius); //compare distances with epsilon-error (5%)
 
-               select(window)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag', pointermove)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag pointercancel.drag', pointerup, true);
+             if (diff > 0.05 * radius) {
+               return false;
+             }
+           } //check if central angles are smaller than maxAngle
 
-               if (_origin) {
-                   offset = _origin.apply(_target, arguments);
-                   offset = [offset[0] - startOrigin[0], offset[1] - startOrigin[1]];
-               } else {
-                   offset = [0, 0];
-               }
 
-               event.stopPropagation();
+           for (i = 0; i < hull.length; i++) {
+             actualPoint = hull[i];
+             var nextPoint = hull[(i + 1) % hull.length];
+             var startAngle = Math.atan2(actualPoint[1] - centroid[1], actualPoint[0] - centroid[0]);
+             var endAngle = Math.atan2(nextPoint[1] - centroid[1], nextPoint[0] - centroid[0]);
+             var angle = endAngle - startAngle;
 
+             if (angle < 0) {
+               angle = -angle;
+             }
 
-               function pointermove() {
-                   if (_pointerId !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+             if (angle > Math.PI) {
+               angle = 2 * Math.PI - angle;
+             }
 
-                   var p = pointerLocGetter(event);
+             if (angle > maxAngle + epsilonAngle) {
+               return false;
+             }
+           }
 
-                   if (!started) {
-                       var dist = geoVecLength(startOrigin,  p);
-                       var tolerance = event.pointerType === 'pen' ? _penTolerancePx : _tolerancePx;
-                       // don't start until the drag has actually moved somewhat
-                       if (dist < tolerance) return;
+           return 'already_circular';
+         };
 
-                       started = true;
-                       _event({ type: 'start' });
+         action.transitionable = true;
+         return action;
+       }
 
-                   // Don't send a `move` event in the same cycle as `start` since dragging
-                   // a midpoint will convert the target to a node.
-                   } else {
+       function actionDeleteWay(wayID) {
+         function canDeleteNode(node, graph) {
+           // don't delete nodes still attached to ways or relations
+           if (graph.parentWays(node).length || graph.parentRelations(node).length) return false;
+           var geometries = osmNodeGeometriesForTags(node.tags); // don't delete if this node can be a standalone point
 
-                       startOrigin = p;
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                       event.preventDefault();
+           if (geometries.point) return false; // delete if this node only be a vertex
 
-                       var dx = p[0] - startOrigin[0];
-                       var dy = p[1] - startOrigin[1];
-                       _event({
-                           type: 'move',
-                           point: [p[0] + offset[0],  p[1] + offset[1]],
-                           delta: [dx, dy]
-                       });
-                   }
-               }
+           if (geometries.vertex) return true; // iD doesn't know if this should be a point or vertex,
+           // so only delete if there are no interesting tags
 
+           return !node.hasInterestingTags();
+         }
 
-               function pointerup() {
-                   if (_pointerId !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var way = graph.entity(wayID);
+           graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function (parent) {
+             parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(wayID);
+             graph = graph.replace(parent);
 
-                   _pointerId = null;
+             if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
+               graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
+             }
+           });
+           new Set(way.nodes).forEach(function (nodeID) {
+             graph = graph.replace(way.removeNode(nodeID));
+             var node = graph.entity(nodeID);
 
-                   if (started) {
-                       _event({ type: 'end' });
+             if (canDeleteNode(node, graph)) {
+               graph = graph.remove(node);
+             }
+           });
+           return graph.remove(way);
+         };
 
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                   }
+         return action;
+       }
 
-                   select(window)
-                       .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag', null)
-                       .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag pointercancel.drag', null);
+       function actionDeleteMultiple(ids) {
+         var actions = {
+           way: actionDeleteWay,
+           node: actionDeleteNode,
+           relation: actionDeleteRelation
+         };
 
-                   selectEnable();
-               }
-           }
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           ids.forEach(function (id) {
+             if (graph.hasEntity(id)) {
+               // It may have been deleted already.
+               graph = actions[graph.entity(id).type](id)(graph);
+             }
+           });
+           return graph;
+         };
 
+         return action;
+       }
 
-           function behavior(selection) {
-               _pointerId = null;
-               var matchesSelector = utilPrefixDOMProperty('matchesSelector');
-               var delegate = pointerdown;
+       function actionDeleteRelation(relationID, allowUntaggedMembers) {
+         function canDeleteEntity(entity, graph) {
+           return !graph.parentWays(entity).length && !graph.parentRelations(entity).length && !entity.hasInterestingTags() && !allowUntaggedMembers;
+         }
 
-               if (_selector) {
-                   delegate = function() {
-                       var root = this;
-                       var target = event.target;
-                       for (; target && target !== root; target = target.parentNode) {
-                           var datum = target.__data__;
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var relation = graph.entity(relationID);
+           graph.parentRelations(relation).forEach(function (parent) {
+             parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(relationID);
+             graph = graph.replace(parent);
 
-                           var entity = datum instanceof osmNote ? datum
-                               : datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
+             if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
+               graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
+             }
+           });
+           var memberIDs = utilArrayUniq(relation.members.map(function (m) {
+             return m.id;
+           }));
+           memberIDs.forEach(function (memberID) {
+             graph = graph.replace(relation.removeMembersWithID(memberID));
+             var entity = graph.entity(memberID);
 
-                           if (entity && target[matchesSelector](_selector)) {
-                               return pointerdown.call(target, entity);
-                           }
-                       }
-                   };
-               }
+             if (canDeleteEntity(entity, graph)) {
+               graph = actionDeleteMultiple([memberID])(graph);
+             }
+           });
+           return graph.remove(relation);
+         };
 
-               selection
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.drag' + _selector, delegate);
-           }
+         return action;
+       }
 
+       function actionDeleteNode(nodeId) {
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var node = graph.entity(nodeId);
+           graph.parentWays(node).forEach(function (parent) {
+             parent = parent.removeNode(nodeId);
+             graph = graph.replace(parent);
 
-           behavior.off = function(selection) {
-               selection
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.drag' + _selector, null);
-           };
+             if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
+               graph = actionDeleteWay(parent.id)(graph);
+             }
+           });
+           graph.parentRelations(node).forEach(function (parent) {
+             parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(nodeId);
+             graph = graph.replace(parent);
 
+             if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
+               graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
+             }
+           });
+           return graph.remove(node);
+         };
 
-           behavior.selector = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _selector;
-               _selector = _;
-               return behavior;
-           };
+         return action;
+       }
 
+       //
+       // First choose a node to be the survivor, with preference given
+       // to the oldest existing (not new) and "interesting" node.
+       //
+       // Tags and relation memberships of of non-surviving nodes are merged
+       // to the survivor.
+       //
+       // This is the inverse of `iD.actionDisconnect`.
+       //
+       // Reference:
+       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/MergeNodesAction.as
+       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/actions/MergeNodesAction.java
+       //
 
-           behavior.origin = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _origin;
-               _origin = _;
-               return behavior;
-           };
+       function actionConnect(nodeIDs) {
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var survivor;
+           var node;
+           var parents;
+           var i, j; // Select the node with the ID passed as parameter if it is in the list,
+           // otherwise select the node with the oldest ID as the survivor, or the
+           // last one if there are only new nodes.
 
+           nodeIDs.reverse();
+           var interestingIDs = [];
 
-           behavior.cancel = function() {
-               select(window)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag', null)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag pointercancel.drag', null);
-               return behavior;
-           };
+           for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
+             node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
 
+             if (node.hasInterestingTags()) {
+               if (!node.isNew()) {
+                 interestingIDs.push(node.id);
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-           behavior.target = function() {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _target;
-               _target = arguments[0];
-               _event = eventOf(_target, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1));
-               return behavior;
-           };
+           survivor = graph.entity(utilOldestID(interestingIDs.length > 0 ? interestingIDs : nodeIDs)); // Replace all non-surviving nodes with the survivor and merge tags.
 
+           for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
+             node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
+             if (node.id === survivor.id) continue;
+             parents = graph.parentWays(node);
 
-           behavior.surface = function() {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _surface;
-               _surface = arguments[0];
-               return behavior;
-           };
+             for (j = 0; j < parents.length; j++) {
+               graph = graph.replace(parents[j].replaceNode(node.id, survivor.id));
+             }
 
+             parents = graph.parentRelations(node);
 
-           return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+             for (j = 0; j < parents.length; j++) {
+               graph = graph.replace(parents[j].replaceMember(node, survivor));
+             }
 
-       function modeDragNode(context) {
-           var mode = {
-               id: 'drag-node',
-               button: 'browse'
-           };
-           var hover = behaviorHover(context).altDisables(true)
-               .on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hover);
-           var edit = behaviorEdit(context);
+             survivor = survivor.mergeTags(node.tags);
+             graph = actionDeleteNode(node.id)(graph);
+           }
 
-           var _nudgeInterval;
-           var _restoreSelectedIDs = [];
-           var _wasMidpoint = false;
-           var _isCancelled = false;
-           var _activeEntity;
-           var _startLoc;
-           var _lastLoc;
+           graph = graph.replace(survivor); // find and delete any degenerate ways created by connecting adjacent vertices
 
+           parents = graph.parentWays(survivor);
 
-           function startNudge(entity, nudge) {
-               if (_nudgeInterval) window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
-               _nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function() {
-                   context.map().pan(nudge);
-                   doMove(entity, nudge);
-               }, 50);
+           for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
+             if (parents[i].isDegenerate()) {
+               graph = actionDeleteWay(parents[i].id)(graph);
+             }
            }
 
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-           function stopNudge() {
-               if (_nudgeInterval) {
-                   window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
-                   _nudgeInterval = null;
-               }
-           }
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           var seen = {};
+           var restrictionIDs = [];
+           var survivor;
+           var node, way;
+           var relations, relation, role;
+           var i, j, k; // Select the node with the oldest ID as the survivor.
 
+           survivor = graph.entity(utilOldestID(nodeIDs)); // 1. disable if the nodes being connected have conflicting relation roles
 
-           function moveAnnotation(entity) {
-               return _t('operations.move.annotation.' + entity.geometry(context.graph()));
-           }
+           for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
+             node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
+             relations = graph.parentRelations(node);
 
+             for (j = 0; j < relations.length; j++) {
+               relation = relations[j];
+               role = relation.memberById(node.id).role || ''; // if this node is a via node in a restriction, remember for later
 
-           function connectAnnotation(nodeEntity, targetEntity) {
-               var nodeGeometry = nodeEntity.geometry(context.graph());
-               var targetGeometry = targetEntity.geometry(context.graph());
-               if (nodeGeometry === 'vertex' && targetGeometry === 'vertex') {
-                   var nodeParentWayIDs = context.graph().parentWays(nodeEntity);
-                   var targetParentWayIDs = context.graph().parentWays(targetEntity);
-                   var sharedParentWays = utilArrayIntersection(nodeParentWayIDs, targetParentWayIDs);
-                   // if both vertices are part of the same way
-                   if (sharedParentWays.length !== 0) {
-                       // if the nodes are next to each other, they are merged
-                       if (sharedParentWays[0].areAdjacent(nodeEntity.id, targetEntity.id)) {
-                           return _t('operations.connect.annotation.from_vertex.to_adjacent_vertex');
-                       }
-                       return _t('operations.connect.annotation.from_vertex.to_sibling_vertex');
-                   }
+               if (relation.hasFromViaTo()) {
+                 restrictionIDs.push(relation.id);
                }
-               return _t('operations.connect.annotation.from_' + nodeGeometry + '.to_' + targetGeometry);
-           }
 
+               if (seen[relation.id] !== undefined && seen[relation.id] !== role) {
+                 return 'relation';
+               } else {
+                 seen[relation.id] = role;
+               }
+             }
+           } // gather restrictions for parent ways
 
-           function shouldSnapToNode(target) {
-               if (!_activeEntity) return false;
-               return _activeEntity.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex' ||
-                   (target.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(target, context.graph()));
-           }
 
+           for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
+             node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
+             var parents = graph.parentWays(node);
 
-           function origin(entity) {
-               return context.projection(entity.loc);
-           }
+             for (j = 0; j < parents.length; j++) {
+               var parent = parents[j];
+               relations = graph.parentRelations(parent);
 
+               for (k = 0; k < relations.length; k++) {
+                 relation = relations[k];
 
-           function keydown() {
-               if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
-                   if (context.surface().classed('nope')) {
-                       context.surface()
-                           .classed('nope-suppressed', true);
-                   }
-                   context.surface()
-                       .classed('nope', false)
-                       .classed('nope-disabled', true);
+                 if (relation.hasFromViaTo()) {
+                   restrictionIDs.push(relation.id);
+                 }
                }
-           }
+             }
+           } // test restrictions
 
 
-           function keyup() {
-               if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
-                   if (context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed')) {
-                       context.surface()
-                           .classed('nope', true);
-                   }
-                   context.surface()
-                       .classed('nope-suppressed', false)
-                       .classed('nope-disabled', false);
-               }
-           }
+           restrictionIDs = utilArrayUniq(restrictionIDs);
+
+           for (i = 0; i < restrictionIDs.length; i++) {
+             relation = graph.entity(restrictionIDs[i]);
+             if (!relation.isComplete(graph)) continue;
+             var memberWays = relation.members.filter(function (m) {
+               return m.type === 'way';
+             }).map(function (m) {
+               return graph.entity(m.id);
+             });
+             memberWays = utilArrayUniq(memberWays);
+             var f = relation.memberByRole('from');
+             var t = relation.memberByRole('to');
+             var isUturn = f.id === t.id; // 2a. disable if connection would damage a restriction
+             // (a key node is a node at the junction of ways)
+
+             var nodes = {
+               from: [],
+               via: [],
+               to: [],
+               keyfrom: [],
+               keyto: []
+             };
 
+             for (j = 0; j < relation.members.length; j++) {
+               collectNodes(relation.members[j], nodes);
+             }
 
-           function start(entity) {
-               _wasMidpoint = entity.type === 'midpoint';
-               var hasHidden = context.features().hasHiddenConnections(entity, context.graph());
-               _isCancelled = !context.editable() || event.sourceEvent.shiftKey || hasHidden;
+             nodes.keyfrom = utilArrayUniq(nodes.keyfrom.filter(hasDuplicates));
+             nodes.keyto = utilArrayUniq(nodes.keyto.filter(hasDuplicates));
+             var filter = keyNodeFilter(nodes.keyfrom, nodes.keyto);
+             nodes.from = nodes.from.filter(filter);
+             nodes.via = nodes.via.filter(filter);
+             nodes.to = nodes.to.filter(filter);
+             var connectFrom = false;
+             var connectVia = false;
+             var connectTo = false;
+             var connectKeyFrom = false;
+             var connectKeyTo = false;
 
+             for (j = 0; j < nodeIDs.length; j++) {
+               var n = nodeIDs[j];
 
-               if (_isCancelled) {
-                   if (hasHidden) {
-                       context.ui().flash
-                           .duration(4000)
-                           .text(_t('modes.drag_node.connected_to_hidden'))();
-                   }
-                   return drag.cancel();
+               if (nodes.from.indexOf(n) !== -1) {
+                 connectFrom = true;
                }
 
-               if (_wasMidpoint) {
-                   var midpoint = entity;
-                   entity = osmNode();
-                   context.perform(actionAddMidpoint(midpoint, entity));
-                   entity = context.entity(entity.id);   // get post-action entity
+               if (nodes.via.indexOf(n) !== -1) {
+                 connectVia = true;
+               }
 
-                   var vertex = context.surface().selectAll('.' + entity.id);
-                   drag.target(vertex.node(), entity);
+               if (nodes.to.indexOf(n) !== -1) {
+                 connectTo = true;
+               }
 
-               } else {
-                   context.perform(actionNoop());
+               if (nodes.keyfrom.indexOf(n) !== -1) {
+                 connectKeyFrom = true;
                }
 
-               _activeEntity = entity;
-               _startLoc = entity.loc;
+               if (nodes.keyto.indexOf(n) !== -1) {
+                 connectKeyTo = true;
+               }
+             }
 
-               hover.ignoreVertex(entity.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex');
+             if (connectFrom && connectTo && !isUturn) {
+               return 'restriction';
+             }
 
-               context.surface().selectAll('.' + _activeEntity.id)
-                   .classed('active', true);
+             if (connectFrom && connectVia) {
+               return 'restriction';
+             }
 
-               context.enter(mode);
-           }
+             if (connectTo && connectVia) {
+               return 'restriction';
+             } // connecting to a key node -
+             // if both nodes are on a member way (i.e. part of the turn restriction),
+             // the connecting node must be adjacent to the key node.
 
 
-           // related code
-           // - `behavior/draw.js` `datum()`
-           function datum() {
-               var event$1 = event && event.sourceEvent;
-               if (!event$1 || event$1.altKey) {
-                   return {};
-               } else {
-                   // When dragging, snap only to touch targets..
-                   // (this excludes area fills and active drawing elements)
-                   var d = event$1.target.__data__;
-                   return (d && d.properties && d.properties.target) ? d : {};
+             if (connectKeyFrom || connectKeyTo) {
+               if (nodeIDs.length !== 2) {
+                 return 'restriction';
                }
-           }
 
+               var n0 = null;
+               var n1 = null;
 
-           function doMove(entity, nudge) {
-               nudge = nudge || [0, 0];
+               for (j = 0; j < memberWays.length; j++) {
+                 way = memberWays[j];
 
-               var currPoint = (event && event.point) || context.projection(_lastLoc);
-               var currMouse = geoVecSubtract(currPoint, nudge);
-               var loc = context.projection.invert(currMouse);
+                 if (way.contains(nodeIDs[0])) {
+                   n0 = nodeIDs[0];
+                 }
 
-               if (!_nudgeInterval) {   // If not nudging at the edge of the viewport, try to snap..
-                   // related code
-                   // - `mode/drag_node.js`     `doMove()`
-                   // - `behavior/draw.js`      `click()`
-                   // - `behavior/draw_way.js`  `move()`
-                   var d = datum();
-                   var target = d && d.properties && d.properties.entity;
-                   var targetLoc = target && target.loc;
-                   var targetNodes = d && d.properties && d.properties.nodes;
-                   var edge;
+                 if (way.contains(nodeIDs[1])) {
+                   n1 = nodeIDs[1];
+                 }
+               }
 
-                   if (targetLoc) {   // snap to node/vertex - a point target with `.loc`
-                       if (shouldSnapToNode(target)) {
-                           loc = targetLoc;
-                       }
+               if (n0 && n1) {
+                 // both nodes are part of the restriction
+                 var ok = false;
 
-                   } else if (targetNodes) {   // snap to way - a line target with `.nodes`
-                       edge = geoChooseEdge(targetNodes, context.map().mouse(), context.projection, end.id);
-                       if (edge) {
-                           loc = edge.loc;
-                       }
+                 for (j = 0; j < memberWays.length; j++) {
+                   way = memberWays[j];
+
+                   if (way.areAdjacent(n0, n1)) {
+                     ok = true;
+                     break;
                    }
+                 }
+
+                 if (!ok) {
+                   return 'restriction';
+                 }
                }
+             } // 2b. disable if nodes being connected will destroy a member way in a restriction
+             // (to test, make a copy and try actually connecting the nodes)
 
-               context.replace(
-                   actionMoveNode(entity.id, loc)
-               );
 
-               // Below here: validations
-               var isInvalid = false;
+             for (j = 0; j < memberWays.length; j++) {
+               way = memberWays[j].update({}); // make copy
 
-               // Check if this connection to `target` could cause relations to break..
-               if (target) {
-                   isInvalid = hasRelationConflict(entity, target, edge, context.graph());
-               }
+               for (k = 0; k < nodeIDs.length; k++) {
+                 if (nodeIDs[k] === survivor.id) continue;
 
-               // Check if this drag causes the geometry to break..
-               if (!isInvalid) {
-                   isInvalid = hasInvalidGeometry(entity, context.graph());
+                 if (way.areAdjacent(nodeIDs[k], survivor.id)) {
+                   way = way.removeNode(nodeIDs[k]);
+                 } else {
+                   way = way.replaceNode(nodeIDs[k], survivor.id);
+                 }
                }
 
-
-               var nope = context.surface().classed('nope');
-               if (isInvalid === 'relation' || isInvalid === 'restriction') {
-                   if (!nope) {   // about to nope - show hint
-                       context.ui().flash
-                           .duration(4000)
-                           .text(_t('operations.connect.' + isInvalid,
-                               { relation: _mainPresetIndex.item('type/restriction').name() }
-                           ))();
-                   }
-               } else if (isInvalid) {
-                   var errorID = isInvalid === 'line' ? 'lines' : 'areas';
-                   context.ui().flash
-                       .duration(3000)
-                       .text(_t('self_intersection.error.' + errorID))();
-               } else {
-                   if (nope) {   // about to un-nope, remove hint
-                       context.ui().flash
-                           .duration(1)
-                           .text('')();
-                   }
+               if (way.isDegenerate()) {
+                 return 'restriction';
                }
+             }
+           }
 
+           return false; // if a key node appears multiple times (indexOf !== lastIndexOf) it's a FROM-VIA or TO-VIA junction
 
-               var nopeDisabled = context.surface().classed('nope-disabled');
-               if (nopeDisabled) {
-                   context.surface()
-                       .classed('nope', false)
-                       .classed('nope-suppressed', isInvalid);
-               } else {
-                   context.surface()
-                       .classed('nope', isInvalid)
-                       .classed('nope-suppressed', false);
-               }
+           function hasDuplicates(n, i, arr) {
+             return arr.indexOf(n) !== arr.lastIndexOf(n);
+           }
 
-               _lastLoc = loc;
+           function keyNodeFilter(froms, tos) {
+             return function (n) {
+               return froms.indexOf(n) === -1 && tos.indexOf(n) === -1;
+             };
            }
 
+           function collectNodes(member, collection) {
+             var entity = graph.hasEntity(member.id);
+             if (!entity) return;
+             var role = member.role || '';
+
+             if (!collection[role]) {
+               collection[role] = [];
+             }
 
-           // Uses `actionConnect.disabled()` to know whether this connection is ok..
-           function hasRelationConflict(entity, target, edge, graph) {
-               var testGraph = graph.update();  // copy
+             if (member.type === 'node') {
+               collection[role].push(member.id);
 
-               // if snapping to way - add midpoint there and consider that the target..
-               if (edge) {
-                   var midpoint = osmNode();
-                   var action = actionAddMidpoint({
-                       loc: edge.loc,
-                       edge: [target.nodes[edge.index - 1], target.nodes[edge.index]]
-                   }, midpoint);
+               if (role === 'via') {
+                 collection.keyfrom.push(member.id);
+                 collection.keyto.push(member.id);
+               }
+             } else if (member.type === 'way') {
+               collection[role].push.apply(collection[role], entity.nodes);
 
-                   testGraph = action(testGraph);
-                   target = midpoint;
+               if (role === 'from' || role === 'via') {
+                 collection.keyfrom.push(entity.first());
+                 collection.keyfrom.push(entity.last());
                }
 
-               // can we connect to it?
-               var ids = [entity.id, target.id];
-               return actionConnect(ids).disabled(testGraph);
+               if (role === 'to' || role === 'via') {
+                 collection.keyto.push(entity.first());
+                 collection.keyto.push(entity.last());
+               }
+             }
            }
+         };
 
+         return action;
+       }
 
-           function hasInvalidGeometry(entity, graph) {
-               var parents = graph.parentWays(entity);
-               var i, j, k;
+       function actionCopyEntities(ids, fromGraph) {
+         var _copies = {};
 
-               for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
-                   var parent = parents[i];
-                   var nodes = [];
-                   var activeIndex = null;    // which multipolygon ring contains node being dragged
-
-                   // test any parent multipolygons for valid geometry
-                   var relations = graph.parentRelations(parent);
-                   for (j = 0; j < relations.length; j++) {
-                       if (!relations[j].isMultipolygon()) continue;
-
-                       var rings = osmJoinWays(relations[j].members, graph);
-
-                       // find active ring and test it for self intersections
-                       for (k = 0; k < rings.length; k++) {
-                           nodes = rings[k].nodes;
-                           if (nodes.find(function(n) { return n.id === entity.id; })) {
-                               activeIndex = k;
-                               if (geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, entity.id)) {
-                                   return 'multipolygonMember';
-                               }
-                           }
-                           rings[k].coords = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
-                       }
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           ids.forEach(function (id) {
+             fromGraph.entity(id).copy(fromGraph, _copies);
+           });
 
-                       // test active ring for intersections with other rings in the multipolygon
-                       for (k = 0; k < rings.length; k++) {
-                           if (k === activeIndex) continue;
+           for (var id in _copies) {
+             graph = graph.replace(_copies[id]);
+           }
 
-                           // make sure active ring doesnt cross passive rings
-                           if (geoHasLineIntersections(rings[activeIndex].nodes, rings[k].nodes, entity.id)) {
-                               return 'multipolygonRing';
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
+           return graph;
+         };
 
+         action.copies = function () {
+           return _copies;
+         };
 
-                   // If we still haven't tested this node's parent way for self-intersections.
-                   // (because it's not a member of a multipolygon), test it now.
-                   if (activeIndex === null) {
-                       nodes = parent.nodes.map(function(nodeID) { return graph.entity(nodeID); });
-                       if (nodes.length && geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, entity.id)) {
-                           return parent.geometry(graph);
-                       }
-                   }
+         return action;
+       }
 
-               }
+       function actionDeleteMember(relationId, memberIndex) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           var relation = graph.entity(relationId).removeMember(memberIndex);
+           graph = graph.replace(relation);
 
-               return false;
+           if (relation.isDegenerate()) {
+             graph = actionDeleteRelation(relation.id)(graph);
            }
 
+           return graph;
+         };
+       }
 
-           function move(entity) {
-               if (_isCancelled) return;
-               event.sourceEvent.stopPropagation();
+       function actionDiscardTags(difference, discardTags) {
+         discardTags = discardTags || {};
+         return function (graph) {
+           difference.modified().forEach(checkTags);
+           difference.created().forEach(checkTags);
+           return graph;
 
-               context.surface().classed('nope-disabled', event.sourceEvent.altKey);
+           function checkTags(entity) {
+             var keys = Object.keys(entity.tags);
+             var didDiscard = false;
+             var tags = {};
 
-               _lastLoc = context.projection.invert(event.point);
+             for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
+               var k = keys[i];
 
-               doMove(entity);
-               var nudge = geoViewportEdge(event.point, context.map().dimensions());
-               if (nudge) {
-                   startNudge(entity, nudge);
+               if (discardTags[k] || !entity.tags[k]) {
+                 didDiscard = true;
                } else {
-                   stopNudge();
+                 tags[k] = entity.tags[k];
                }
+             }
+
+             if (didDiscard) {
+               graph = graph.replace(entity.update({
+                 tags: tags
+               }));
+             }
            }
+         };
+       }
 
-           function end(entity) {
-               if (_isCancelled) return;
+       //
+       // Optionally, disconnect only the given ways.
+       //
+       // For testing convenience, accepts an ID to assign to the (first) new node.
+       // Normally, this will be undefined and the way will automatically
+       // be assigned a new ID.
+       //
+       // This is the inverse of `iD.actionConnect`.
+       //
+       // Reference:
+       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/UnjoinNodeAction.as
+       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/actions/UnGlueAction.java
+       //
 
-               var wasPoint = entity.geometry(context.graph()) === 'point';
+       function actionDisconnect(nodeId, newNodeId) {
+         var wayIds;
+         var disconnectableRelationTypes = {
+           'associatedStreet': true,
+           'enforcement': true,
+           'site': true
+         };
+
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var node = graph.entity(nodeId);
+           var connections = action.connections(graph);
+           connections.forEach(function (connection) {
+             var way = graph.entity(connection.wayID);
+             var newNode = osmNode({
+               id: newNodeId,
+               loc: node.loc,
+               tags: node.tags
+             });
+             graph = graph.replace(newNode);
+
+             if (connection.index === 0 && way.isArea()) {
+               // replace shared node with shared node..
+               graph = graph.replace(way.replaceNode(way.nodes[0], newNode.id));
+             } else if (way.isClosed() && connection.index === way.nodes.length - 1) {
+               // replace closing node with new new node..
+               graph = graph.replace(way.unclose().addNode(newNode.id));
+             } else {
+               // replace shared node with multiple new nodes..
+               graph = graph.replace(way.updateNode(newNode.id, connection.index));
+             }
+           });
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-               var d = datum();
-               var nope = (d && d.properties && d.properties.nope) || context.surface().classed('nope');
-               var target = d && d.properties && d.properties.entity;   // entity to snap to
+         action.connections = function (graph) {
+           var candidates = [];
+           var keeping = false;
+           var parentWays = graph.parentWays(graph.entity(nodeId));
+           var way, waynode;
 
-               if (nope) {   // bounce back
-                   context.perform(
-                       _actionBounceBack(entity.id, _startLoc)
-                   );
+           for (var i = 0; i < parentWays.length; i++) {
+             way = parentWays[i];
 
-               } else if (target && target.type === 'way') {
-                   var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(target), context.map().mouse(), context.projection, entity.id);
-                   context.replace(
-                       actionAddMidpoint({
-                           loc: choice.loc,
-                           edge: [target.nodes[choice.index - 1], target.nodes[choice.index]]
-                       }, entity),
-                       connectAnnotation(entity, target)
-                   );
+             if (wayIds && wayIds.indexOf(way.id) === -1) {
+               keeping = true;
+               continue;
+             }
 
-               } else if (target && target.type === 'node' && shouldSnapToNode(target)) {
-                   context.replace(
-                       actionConnect([target.id, entity.id]),
-                       connectAnnotation(entity, target)
-                   );
+             if (way.isArea() && way.nodes[0] === nodeId) {
+               candidates.push({
+                 wayID: way.id,
+                 index: 0
+               });
+             } else {
+               for (var j = 0; j < way.nodes.length; j++) {
+                 waynode = way.nodes[j];
 
-               } else if (_wasMidpoint) {
-                   context.replace(
-                       actionNoop(),
-                       _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex')
-                   );
+                 if (waynode === nodeId) {
+                   if (way.isClosed() && parentWays.length > 1 && wayIds && wayIds.indexOf(way.id) !== -1 && j === way.nodes.length - 1) {
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-               } else {
-                   context.replace(
-                       actionNoop(),
-                       moveAnnotation(entity)
-                   );
+                   candidates.push({
+                     wayID: way.id,
+                     index: j
+                   });
+                 }
                }
+             }
+           }
 
-               if (wasPoint) {
-                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entity.id]));
-
-               } else {
-                   var reselection = _restoreSelectedIDs.filter(function(id) {
-                       return context.graph().hasEntity(id);
-                   });
+           return keeping ? candidates : candidates.slice(1);
+         };
 
-                   if (reselection.length) {
-                       context.enter(modeSelect(context, reselection));
-                   } else {
-                       context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           var connections = action.connections(graph);
+           if (connections.length === 0) return 'not_connected';
+           var parentWays = graph.parentWays(graph.entity(nodeId));
+           var seenRelationIds = {};
+           var sharedRelation;
+           parentWays.forEach(function (way) {
+             var relations = graph.parentRelations(way);
+             relations.filter(function (relation) {
+               return !disconnectableRelationTypes[relation.tags.type];
+             }).forEach(function (relation) {
+               if (relation.id in seenRelationIds) {
+                 if (wayIds) {
+                   if (wayIds.indexOf(way.id) !== -1 || wayIds.indexOf(seenRelationIds[relation.id]) !== -1) {
+                     sharedRelation = relation;
                    }
+                 } else {
+                   sharedRelation = relation;
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 seenRelationIds[relation.id] = way.id;
                }
-           }
+             });
+           });
+           if (sharedRelation) return 'relation';
+         };
 
+         action.limitWays = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return wayIds;
+           wayIds = val;
+           return action;
+         };
 
-           function _actionBounceBack(nodeID, toLoc) {
-               var moveNode = actionMoveNode(nodeID, toLoc);
-               var action = function(graph, t) {
-                   // last time through, pop off the bounceback perform.
-                   // it will then overwrite the initial perform with a moveNode that does nothing
-                   if (t === 1) context.pop();
-                   return moveNode(graph, t);
-               };
-               action.transitionable = true;
-               return action;
-           }
+         return action;
+       }
 
+       function actionExtract(entityID, projection) {
+         var extractedNodeID;
 
-           function cancel() {
-               drag.cancel();
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           }
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
 
+           if (entity.type === 'node') {
+             return extractFromNode(entity, graph);
+           }
 
-           var drag = behaviorDrag()
-               .selector('.layer-touch.points .target')
-               .surface(context.container().select('.main-map').node())
-               .origin(origin)
-               .on('start', start)
-               .on('move', move)
-               .on('end', end);
+           return extractFromWayOrRelation(entity, graph);
+         };
 
+         function extractFromNode(node, graph) {
+           extractedNodeID = node.id; // Create a new node to replace the one we will detach
 
-           mode.enter = function() {
-               context.install(hover);
-               context.install(edit);
+           var replacement = osmNode({
+             loc: node.loc
+           });
+           graph = graph.replace(replacement); // Process each way in turn, updating the graph as we go
 
-               select(window)
-                   .on('keydown.dragNode', keydown)
-                   .on('keyup.dragNode', keyup);
+           graph = graph.parentWays(node).reduce(function (accGraph, parentWay) {
+             return accGraph.replace(parentWay.replaceNode(entityID, replacement.id));
+           }, graph); // Process any relations too
 
-               context.history()
-                   .on('undone.drag-node', cancel);
-           };
+           return graph.parentRelations(node).reduce(function (accGraph, parentRel) {
+             return accGraph.replace(parentRel.replaceMember(node, replacement));
+           }, graph);
+         }
 
+         function extractFromWayOrRelation(entity, graph) {
+           var fromGeometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+           var keysToCopyAndRetain = ['source', 'wheelchair'];
+           var keysToRetain = ['area'];
+           var buildingKeysToRetain = ['architect', 'building', 'height', 'layer'];
+           var extractedLoc = d3_geoPath(projection).centroid(entity.asGeoJSON(graph));
+           extractedLoc = extractedLoc && projection.invert(extractedLoc);
 
-           mode.exit = function() {
-               context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
-               context.uninstall(hover);
-               context.uninstall(edit);
+           if (!extractedLoc || !isFinite(extractedLoc[0]) || !isFinite(extractedLoc[1])) {
+             extractedLoc = entity.extent(graph).center();
+           }
 
-               select(window)
-                   .on('keydown.dragNode', null)
-                   .on('keyup.dragNode', null);
+           var indoorAreaValues = {
+             area: true,
+             corridor: true,
+             elevator: true,
+             level: true,
+             room: true
+           };
+           var isBuilding = entity.tags.building && entity.tags.building !== 'no' || entity.tags['building:part'] && entity.tags['building:part'] !== 'no';
+           var isIndoorArea = fromGeometry === 'area' && entity.tags.indoor && indoorAreaValues[entity.tags.indoor];
+           var entityTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-               context.history()
-                   .on('undone.drag-node', null);
+           var pointTags = {};
 
-               _activeEntity = null;
+           for (var key in entityTags) {
+             if (entity.type === 'relation' && key === 'type') {
+               continue;
+             }
 
-               context.surface()
-                   .classed('nope', false)
-                   .classed('nope-suppressed', false)
-                   .classed('nope-disabled', false)
-                   .selectAll('.active')
-                   .classed('active', false);
+             if (keysToRetain.indexOf(key) !== -1) {
+               continue;
+             }
 
-               stopNudge();
-           };
+             if (isBuilding) {
+               // don't transfer building-related tags
+               if (buildingKeysToRetain.indexOf(key) !== -1 || key.match(/^building:.{1,}/) || key.match(/^roof:.{1,}/)) continue;
+             } // leave `indoor` tag on the area
 
 
-           mode.selectedIDs = function() {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _activeEntity ? [_activeEntity.id] : [];
-               // no assign
-               return mode;
-           };
+             if (isIndoorArea && key === 'indoor') {
+               continue;
+             } // copy the tag from the entity to the point
 
 
-           mode.activeID = function() {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _activeEntity && _activeEntity.id;
-               // no assign
-               return mode;
-           };
+             pointTags[key] = entityTags[key]; // leave addresses and some other tags so they're on both features
 
+             if (keysToCopyAndRetain.indexOf(key) !== -1 || key.match(/^addr:.{1,}/)) {
+               continue;
+             } else if (isIndoorArea && key === 'level') {
+               // leave `level` on both features
+               continue;
+             } // remove the tag from the entity
 
-           mode.restoreSelectedIDs = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _restoreSelectedIDs;
-               _restoreSelectedIDs = _;
-               return mode;
-           };
 
+             delete entityTags[key];
+           }
 
-           mode.behavior = drag;
+           if (!isBuilding && !isIndoorArea && fromGeometry === 'area') {
+             // ensure that areas keep area geometry
+             entityTags.area = 'yes';
+           }
 
+           var replacement = osmNode({
+             loc: extractedLoc,
+             tags: pointTags
+           });
+           graph = graph.replace(replacement);
+           extractedNodeID = replacement.id;
+           return graph.replace(entity.update({
+             tags: entityTags
+           }));
+         }
 
-           return mode;
-       }
+         action.getExtractedNodeID = function () {
+           return extractedNodeID;
+         };
 
-       function quickselect(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
-           quickselectStep(arr, k, left || 0, right || (arr.length - 1), compare || defaultCompare);
+         return action;
        }
 
-       function quickselectStep(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
-
-           while (right > left) {
-               if (right - left > 600) {
-                   var n = right - left + 1;
-                   var m = k - left + 1;
-                   var z = Math.log(n);
-                   var s = 0.5 * Math.exp(2 * z / 3);
-                   var sd = 0.5 * Math.sqrt(z * s * (n - s) / n) * (m - n / 2 < 0 ? -1 : 1);
-                   var newLeft = Math.max(left, Math.floor(k - m * s / n + sd));
-                   var newRight = Math.min(right, Math.floor(k + (n - m) * s / n + sd));
-                   quickselectStep(arr, k, newLeft, newRight, compare);
-               }
-
-               var t = arr[k];
-               var i = left;
-               var j = right;
+       //
+       // This is the inverse of `iD.actionSplit`.
+       //
+       // Reference:
+       //   https://github.com/systemed/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/MergeWaysAction.as
+       //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/actions/CombineWayAction.java
+       //
 
-               swap(arr, left, k);
-               if (compare(arr[right], t) > 0) swap(arr, left, right);
+       function actionJoin(ids) {
+         function groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph) {
+           var entities = ids.map(function (id) {
+             return graph.entity(id);
+           });
+           return Object.assign({
+             line: []
+           }, utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function (entity) {
+             return entity.geometry(graph);
+           }));
+         }
+
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var ways = ids.map(graph.entity, graph); // Prefer to keep an existing way.
+           // if there are multiple existing ways, keep the oldest one
+           // the oldest way is determined by the ID of the way.
+
+           var survivorID = utilOldestID(ways.map(function (way) {
+             return way.id;
+           })); // if any of the ways are sided (e.g. coastline, cliff, kerb)
+           // sort them first so they establish the overall order - #6033
+
+           ways.sort(function (a, b) {
+             var aSided = a.isSided();
+             var bSided = b.isSided();
+             return aSided && !bSided ? -1 : bSided && !aSided ? 1 : 0;
+           });
+           var sequences = osmJoinWays(ways, graph);
+           var joined = sequences[0]; // We might need to reverse some of these ways before joining them.  #4688
+           // `joined.actions` property will contain any actions we need to apply.
+
+           graph = sequences.actions.reduce(function (g, action) {
+             return action(g);
+           }, graph);
+           var survivor = graph.entity(survivorID);
+           survivor = survivor.update({
+             nodes: joined.nodes.map(function (n) {
+               return n.id;
+             })
+           });
+           graph = graph.replace(survivor);
+           joined.forEach(function (way) {
+             if (way.id === survivorID) return;
+             graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function (parent) {
+               graph = graph.replace(parent.replaceMember(way, survivor));
+             });
+             survivor = survivor.mergeTags(way.tags);
+             graph = graph.replace(survivor);
+             graph = actionDeleteWay(way.id)(graph);
+           }); // Finds if the join created a single-member multipolygon,
+           // and if so turns it into a basic area instead
 
-               while (i < j) {
-                   swap(arr, i, j);
-                   i++;
-                   j--;
-                   while (compare(arr[i], t) < 0) i++;
-                   while (compare(arr[j], t) > 0) j--;
-               }
+           function checkForSimpleMultipolygon() {
+             if (!survivor.isClosed()) return;
+             var multipolygons = graph.parentMultipolygons(survivor).filter(function (multipolygon) {
+               // find multipolygons where the survivor is the only member
+               return multipolygon.members.length === 1;
+             }); // skip if this is the single member of multiple multipolygons
 
-               if (compare(arr[left], t) === 0) swap(arr, left, j);
-               else {
-                   j++;
-                   swap(arr, j, right);
-               }
+             if (multipolygons.length !== 1) return;
+             var multipolygon = multipolygons[0];
 
-               if (j <= k) left = j + 1;
-               if (k <= j) right = j - 1;
-           }
-       }
+             for (var key in survivor.tags) {
+               if (multipolygon.tags[key] && // don't collapse if tags cannot be cleanly merged
+               multipolygon.tags[key] !== survivor.tags[key]) return;
+             }
 
-       function swap(arr, i, j) {
-           var tmp = arr[i];
-           arr[i] = arr[j];
-           arr[j] = tmp;
-       }
+             survivor = survivor.mergeTags(multipolygon.tags);
+             graph = graph.replace(survivor);
+             graph = actionDeleteRelation(multipolygon.id, true
+             /* allow untagged members */
+             )(graph);
+             var tags = Object.assign({}, survivor.tags);
 
-       function defaultCompare(a, b) {
-           return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
-       }
+             if (survivor.geometry(graph) !== 'area') {
+               // ensure the feature persists as an area
+               tags.area = 'yes';
+             }
 
-       class RBush {
-           constructor(maxEntries = 9) {
-               // max entries in a node is 9 by default; min node fill is 40% for best performance
-               this._maxEntries = Math.max(4, maxEntries);
-               this._minEntries = Math.max(2, Math.ceil(this._maxEntries * 0.4));
-               this.clear();
-           }
+             delete tags.type; // remove type=multipolygon
 
-           all() {
-               return this._all(this.data, []);
+             survivor = survivor.update({
+               tags: tags
+             });
+             graph = graph.replace(survivor);
            }
 
-           search(bbox) {
-               let node = this.data;
-               const result = [];
-
-               if (!intersects(bbox, node)) return result;
+           checkForSimpleMultipolygon();
+           return graph;
+         }; // Returns the number of nodes the resultant way is expected to have
 
-               const toBBox = this.toBBox;
-               const nodesToSearch = [];
 
-               while (node) {
-                   for (let i = 0; i < node.children.length; i++) {
-                       const child = node.children[i];
-                       const childBBox = node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child;
+         action.resultingWayNodesLength = function (graph) {
+           return ids.reduce(function (count, id) {
+             return count + graph.entity(id).nodes.length;
+           }, 0) - ids.length - 1;
+         };
 
-                       if (intersects(bbox, childBBox)) {
-                           if (node.leaf) result.push(child);
-                           else if (contains$1(bbox, childBBox)) this._all(child, result);
-                           else nodesToSearch.push(child);
-                       }
-                   }
-                   node = nodesToSearch.pop();
-               }
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           var geometries = groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph);
 
-               return result;
+           if (ids.length < 2 || ids.length !== geometries.line.length) {
+             return 'not_eligible';
            }
 
-           collides(bbox) {
-               let node = this.data;
+           var joined = osmJoinWays(ids.map(graph.entity, graph), graph);
 
-               if (!intersects(bbox, node)) return false;
-
-               const nodesToSearch = [];
-               while (node) {
-                   for (let i = 0; i < node.children.length; i++) {
-                       const child = node.children[i];
-                       const childBBox = node.leaf ? this.toBBox(child) : child;
+           if (joined.length > 1) {
+             return 'not_adjacent';
+           }
 
-                       if (intersects(bbox, childBBox)) {
-                           if (node.leaf || contains$1(bbox, childBBox)) return true;
-                           nodesToSearch.push(child);
-                       }
-                   }
-                   node = nodesToSearch.pop();
-               }
+           var i; // All joined ways must belong to the same set of (non-restriction) relations.
+           // Restriction relations have different logic, below, which allows some cases
+           // this prohibits, and prohibits some cases this allows.
 
-               return false;
-           }
+           var sortedParentRelations = function sortedParentRelations(id) {
+             return graph.parentRelations(graph.entity(id)).filter(function (rel) {
+               return !rel.isRestriction() && !rel.isConnectivity();
+             }).sort(function (a, b) {
+               return a.id - b.id;
+             });
+           };
 
-           load(data) {
-               if (!(data && data.length)) return this;
+           var relsA = sortedParentRelations(ids[0]);
 
-               if (data.length < this._minEntries) {
-                   for (let i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
-                       this.insert(data[i]);
-                   }
-                   return this;
-               }
+           for (i = 1; i < ids.length; i++) {
+             var relsB = sortedParentRelations(ids[i]);
 
-               // recursively build the tree with the given data from scratch using OMT algorithm
-               let node = this._build(data.slice(), 0, data.length - 1, 0);
+             if (!utilArrayIdentical(relsA, relsB)) {
+               return 'conflicting_relations';
+             }
+           } // Loop through all combinations of path-pairs
+           // to check potential intersections between all pairs
 
-               if (!this.data.children.length) {
-                   // save as is if tree is empty
-                   this.data = node;
 
-               } else if (this.data.height === node.height) {
-                   // split root if trees have the same height
-                   this._splitRoot(this.data, node);
+           for (i = 0; i < ids.length - 1; i++) {
+             for (var j = i + 1; j < ids.length; j++) {
+               var path1 = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(ids[i])).map(function (e) {
+                 return e.loc;
+               });
+               var path2 = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(ids[j])).map(function (e) {
+                 return e.loc;
+               });
+               var intersections = geoPathIntersections(path1, path2); // Check if intersections are just nodes lying on top of
+               // each other/the line, as opposed to crossing it
 
-               } else {
-                   if (this.data.height < node.height) {
-                       // swap trees if inserted one is bigger
-                       const tmpNode = this.data;
-                       this.data = node;
-                       node = tmpNode;
-                   }
+               var common = utilArrayIntersection(joined[0].nodes.map(function (n) {
+                 return n.loc.toString();
+               }), intersections.map(function (n) {
+                 return n.toString();
+               }));
 
-                   // insert the small tree into the large tree at appropriate level
-                   this._insert(node, this.data.height - node.height - 1, true);
+               if (common.length !== intersections.length) {
+                 return 'paths_intersect';
                }
-
-               return this;
+             }
            }
 
-           insert(item) {
-               if (item) this._insert(item, this.data.height - 1);
-               return this;
-           }
+           var nodeIds = joined[0].nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return n.id;
+           }).slice(1, -1);
+           var relation;
+           var tags = {};
+           var conflicting = false;
+           joined[0].forEach(function (way) {
+             var parents = graph.parentRelations(way);
+             parents.forEach(function (parent) {
+               if ((parent.isRestriction() || parent.isConnectivity()) && parent.members.some(function (m) {
+                 return nodeIds.indexOf(m.id) >= 0;
+               })) {
+                 relation = parent;
+               }
+             });
 
-           clear() {
-               this.data = createNode([]);
-               return this;
+             for (var k in way.tags) {
+               if (!(k in tags)) {
+                 tags[k] = way.tags[k];
+               } else if (tags[k] && osmIsInterestingTag(k) && tags[k] !== way.tags[k]) {
+                 conflicting = true;
+               }
+             }
+           });
+
+           if (relation) {
+             return relation.isRestriction() ? 'restriction' : 'connectivity';
            }
 
-           remove(item, equalsFn) {
-               if (!item) return this;
+           if (conflicting) {
+             return 'conflicting_tags';
+           }
+         };
 
-               let node = this.data;
-               const bbox = this.toBBox(item);
-               const path = [];
-               const indexes = [];
-               let i, parent, goingUp;
+         return action;
+       }
 
-               // depth-first iterative tree traversal
-               while (node || path.length) {
+       function actionMerge(ids) {
+         function groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph) {
+           var entities = ids.map(function (id) {
+             return graph.entity(id);
+           });
+           return Object.assign({
+             point: [],
+             area: [],
+             line: [],
+             relation: []
+           }, utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function (entity) {
+             return entity.geometry(graph);
+           }));
+         }
+
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var geometries = groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph);
+           var target = geometries.area[0] || geometries.line[0];
+           var points = geometries.point;
+           points.forEach(function (point) {
+             target = target.mergeTags(point.tags);
+             graph = graph.replace(target);
+             graph.parentRelations(point).forEach(function (parent) {
+               graph = graph.replace(parent.replaceMember(point, target));
+             });
+             var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(target));
+             var removeNode = point;
 
-                   if (!node) { // go up
-                       node = path.pop();
-                       parent = path[path.length - 1];
-                       i = indexes.pop();
-                       goingUp = true;
-                   }
+             if (!point.isNew()) {
+               // Try to preserve the original point if it already has
+               // an ID in the database.
+               var inserted = false;
 
-                   if (node.leaf) { // check current node
-                       const index = findItem(item, node.children, equalsFn);
+               var canBeReplaced = function canBeReplaced(node) {
+                 return !(graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 || graph.parentRelations(node).length);
+               };
 
-                       if (index !== -1) {
-                           // item found, remove the item and condense tree upwards
-                           node.children.splice(index, 1);
-                           path.push(node);
-                           this._condense(path);
-                           return this;
-                       }
-                   }
+               var replaceNode = function replaceNode(node) {
+                 graph = graph.replace(point.update({
+                   tags: node.tags,
+                   loc: node.loc
+                 }));
+                 target = target.replaceNode(node.id, point.id);
+                 graph = graph.replace(target);
+                 removeNode = node;
+                 inserted = true;
+               };
 
-                   if (!goingUp && !node.leaf && contains$1(node, bbox)) { // go down
-                       path.push(node);
-                       indexes.push(i);
-                       i = 0;
-                       parent = node;
-                       node = node.children[0];
+               var i;
+               var node; // First, try to replace a new child node on the target way.
 
-                   } else if (parent) { // go right
-                       i++;
-                       node = parent.children[i];
-                       goingUp = false;
+               for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
+                 node = nodes[i];
 
-                   } else node = null; // nothing found
+                 if (canBeReplaced(node) && node.isNew()) {
+                   replaceNode(node);
+                   break;
+                 }
                }
 
-               return this;
-           }
-
-           toBBox(item) { return item; }
-
-           compareMinX(a, b) { return a.minX - b.minX; }
-           compareMinY(a, b) { return a.minY - b.minY; }
+               if (!inserted && point.hasInterestingTags()) {
+                 // No new child node found, try to find an existing, but
+                 // uninteresting child node instead.
+                 for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
+                   node = nodes[i];
 
-           toJSON() { return this.data; }
+                   if (canBeReplaced(node) && !node.hasInterestingTags()) {
+                     replaceNode(node);
+                     break;
+                   }
+                 }
 
-           fromJSON(data) {
-               this.data = data;
-               return this;
-           }
+                 if (!inserted) {
+                   // Still not inserted, try to find an existing, interesting,
+                   // but more recent child node.
+                   for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
+                     node = nodes[i];
 
-           _all(node, result) {
-               const nodesToSearch = [];
-               while (node) {
-                   if (node.leaf) result.push(...node.children);
-                   else nodesToSearch.push(...node.children);
+                     if (canBeReplaced(node) && utilCompareIDs(point.id, node.id) < 0) {
+                       replaceNode(node);
+                       break;
+                     }
+                   }
+                 } // If the point still hasn't been inserted, we give up.
+                 // There are more interesting or older nodes on the way.
 
-                   node = nodesToSearch.pop();
                }
-               return result;
-           }
-
-           _build(items, left, right, height) {
+             }
 
-               const N = right - left + 1;
-               let M = this._maxEntries;
-               let node;
+             graph = graph.remove(removeNode);
+           });
 
-               if (N <= M) {
-                   // reached leaf level; return leaf
-                   node = createNode(items.slice(left, right + 1));
-                   calcBBox(node, this.toBBox);
-                   return node;
-               }
+           if (target.tags.area === 'yes') {
+             var tags = Object.assign({}, target.tags); // shallow copy
 
-               if (!height) {
-                   // target height of the bulk-loaded tree
-                   height = Math.ceil(Math.log(N) / Math.log(M));
+             delete tags.area;
 
-                   // target number of root entries to maximize storage utilization
-                   M = Math.ceil(N / Math.pow(M, height - 1));
-               }
+             if (osmTagSuggestingArea(tags)) {
+               // remove the `area` tag if area geometry is now implied - #3851
+               target = target.update({
+                 tags: tags
+               });
+               graph = graph.replace(target);
+             }
+           }
 
-               node = createNode([]);
-               node.leaf = false;
-               node.height = height;
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-               // split the items into M mostly square tiles
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           var geometries = groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph);
 
-               const N2 = Math.ceil(N / M);
-               const N1 = N2 * Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(M));
+           if (geometries.point.length === 0 || geometries.area.length + geometries.line.length !== 1 || geometries.relation.length !== 0) {
+             return 'not_eligible';
+           }
+         };
 
-               multiSelect(items, left, right, N1, this.compareMinX);
+         return action;
+       }
 
-               for (let i = left; i <= right; i += N1) {
+       //
+       // 1. move all the nodes to a common location
+       // 2. `actionConnect` them
 
-                   const right2 = Math.min(i + N1 - 1, right);
+       function actionMergeNodes(nodeIDs, loc) {
+         // If there is a single "interesting" node, use that as the location.
+         // Otherwise return the average location of all the nodes.
+         function chooseLoc(graph) {
+           if (!nodeIDs.length) return null;
+           var sum = [0, 0];
+           var interestingCount = 0;
+           var interestingLoc;
 
-                   multiSelect(items, i, right2, N2, this.compareMinY);
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
+             var node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
 
-                   for (let j = i; j <= right2; j += N2) {
+             if (node.hasInterestingTags()) {
+               interestingLoc = ++interestingCount === 1 ? node.loc : null;
+             }
 
-                       const right3 = Math.min(j + N2 - 1, right2);
+             sum = geoVecAdd(sum, node.loc);
+           }
 
-                       // pack each entry recursively
-                       node.children.push(this._build(items, j, right3, height - 1));
-                   }
-               }
+           return interestingLoc || geoVecScale(sum, 1 / nodeIDs.length);
+         }
 
-               calcBBox(node, this.toBBox);
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           if (nodeIDs.length < 2) return graph;
+           var toLoc = loc;
 
-               return node;
+           if (!toLoc) {
+             toLoc = chooseLoc(graph);
            }
 
-           _chooseSubtree(bbox, node, level, path) {
-               while (true) {
-                   path.push(node);
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
+             var node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
 
-                   if (node.leaf || path.length - 1 === level) break;
+             if (node.loc !== toLoc) {
+               graph = graph.replace(node.move(toLoc));
+             }
+           }
 
-                   let minArea = Infinity;
-                   let minEnlargement = Infinity;
-                   let targetNode;
+           return actionConnect(nodeIDs)(graph);
+         };
 
-                   for (let i = 0; i < node.children.length; i++) {
-                       const child = node.children[i];
-                       const area = bboxArea(child);
-                       const enlargement = enlargedArea(bbox, child) - area;
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           if (nodeIDs.length < 2) return 'not_eligible';
 
-                       // choose entry with the least area enlargement
-                       if (enlargement < minEnlargement) {
-                           minEnlargement = enlargement;
-                           minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
-                           targetNode = child;
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
+             var entity = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
+             if (entity.type !== 'node') return 'not_eligible';
+           }
 
-                       } else if (enlargement === minEnlargement) {
-                           // otherwise choose one with the smallest area
-                           if (area < minArea) {
-                               minArea = area;
-                               targetNode = child;
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
+           return actionConnect(nodeIDs).disabled(graph);
+         };
+
+         return action;
+       }
 
-                   node = targetNode || node.children[0];
+       function osmChangeset() {
+         if (!(this instanceof osmChangeset)) {
+           return new osmChangeset().initialize(arguments);
+         } else if (arguments.length) {
+           this.initialize(arguments);
+         }
+       }
+       osmEntity.changeset = osmChangeset;
+       osmChangeset.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);
+       Object.assign(osmChangeset.prototype, {
+         type: 'changeset',
+         extent: function extent() {
+           return new geoExtent();
+         },
+         geometry: function geometry() {
+           return 'changeset';
+         },
+         asJXON: function asJXON() {
+           return {
+             osm: {
+               changeset: {
+                 tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function (k) {
+                   return {
+                     '@k': k,
+                     '@v': this.tags[k]
+                   };
+                 }, this),
+                 '@version': 0.6,
+                 '@generator': 'iD'
                }
+             }
+           };
+         },
+         // Generate [osmChange](http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/OsmChange)
+         // XML. Returns a string.
+         osmChangeJXON: function osmChangeJXON(changes) {
+           var changeset_id = this.id;
 
-               return node;
-           }
+           function nest(x, order) {
+             var groups = {};
 
-           _insert(item, level, isNode) {
-               const bbox = isNode ? item : this.toBBox(item);
-               const insertPath = [];
+             for (var i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
+               var tagName = Object.keys(x[i])[0];
+               if (!groups[tagName]) groups[tagName] = [];
+               groups[tagName].push(x[i][tagName]);
+             }
 
-               // find the best node for accommodating the item, saving all nodes along the path too
-               const node = this._chooseSubtree(bbox, this.data, level, insertPath);
+             var ordered = {};
+             order.forEach(function (o) {
+               if (groups[o]) ordered[o] = groups[o];
+             });
+             return ordered;
+           } // sort relations in a changeset by dependencies
 
-               // put the item into the node
-               node.children.push(item);
-               extend$1(node, bbox);
 
-               // split on node overflow; propagate upwards if necessary
-               while (level >= 0) {
-                   if (insertPath[level].children.length > this._maxEntries) {
-                       this._split(insertPath, level);
-                       level--;
-                   } else break;
-               }
+           function sort(changes) {
+             // find a referenced relation in the current changeset
+             function resolve(item) {
+               return relations.find(function (relation) {
+                 return item.keyAttributes.type === 'relation' && item.keyAttributes.ref === relation['@id'];
+               });
+             } // a new item is an item that has not been already processed
 
-               // adjust bboxes along the insertion path
-               this._adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, insertPath, level);
-           }
 
-           // split overflowed node into two
-           _split(insertPath, level) {
-               const node = insertPath[level];
-               const M = node.children.length;
-               const m = this._minEntries;
+             function isNew(item) {
+               return !sorted[item['@id']] && !processing.find(function (proc) {
+                 return proc['@id'] === item['@id'];
+               });
+             }
 
-               this._chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M);
+             var processing = [];
+             var sorted = {};
+             var relations = changes.relation;
+             if (!relations) return changes;
 
-               const splitIndex = this._chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M);
+             for (var i = 0; i < relations.length; i++) {
+               var relation = relations[i]; // skip relation if already sorted
 
-               const newNode = createNode(node.children.splice(splitIndex, node.children.length - splitIndex));
-               newNode.height = node.height;
-               newNode.leaf = node.leaf;
+               if (!sorted[relation['@id']]) {
+                 processing.push(relation);
+               }
 
-               calcBBox(node, this.toBBox);
-               calcBBox(newNode, this.toBBox);
+               while (processing.length > 0) {
+                 var next = processing[0],
+                     deps = next.member.map(resolve).filter(Boolean).filter(isNew);
 
-               if (level) insertPath[level - 1].children.push(newNode);
-               else this._splitRoot(node, newNode);
-           }
+                 if (deps.length === 0) {
+                   sorted[next['@id']] = next;
+                   processing.shift();
+                 } else {
+                   processing = deps.concat(processing);
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-           _splitRoot(node, newNode) {
-               // split root node
-               this.data = createNode([node, newNode]);
-               this.data.height = node.height + 1;
-               this.data.leaf = false;
-               calcBBox(this.data, this.toBBox);
+             changes.relation = Object.values(sorted);
+             return changes;
            }
 
-           _chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M) {
-               let index;
-               let minOverlap = Infinity;
-               let minArea = Infinity;
-
-               for (let i = m; i <= M - m; i++) {
-                   const bbox1 = distBBox(node, 0, i, this.toBBox);
-                   const bbox2 = distBBox(node, i, M, this.toBBox);
+           function rep(entity) {
+             return entity.asJXON(changeset_id);
+           }
 
-                   const overlap = intersectionArea(bbox1, bbox2);
-                   const area = bboxArea(bbox1) + bboxArea(bbox2);
+           return {
+             osmChange: {
+               '@version': 0.6,
+               '@generator': 'iD',
+               'create': sort(nest(changes.created.map(rep), ['node', 'way', 'relation'])),
+               'modify': nest(changes.modified.map(rep), ['node', 'way', 'relation']),
+               'delete': Object.assign(nest(changes.deleted.map(rep), ['relation', 'way', 'node']), {
+                 '@if-unused': true
+               })
+             }
+           };
+         },
+         asGeoJSON: function asGeoJSON() {
+           return {};
+         }
+       });
 
-                   // choose distribution with minimum overlap
-                   if (overlap < minOverlap) {
-                       minOverlap = overlap;
-                       index = i;
+       function osmNote() {
+         if (!(this instanceof osmNote)) {
+           return new osmNote().initialize(arguments);
+         } else if (arguments.length) {
+           this.initialize(arguments);
+         }
+       }
 
-                       minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
+       osmNote.id = function () {
+         return osmNote.id.next--;
+       };
 
-                   } else if (overlap === minOverlap) {
-                       // otherwise choose distribution with minimum area
-                       if (area < minArea) {
-                           minArea = area;
-                           index = i;
-                       }
-                   }
+       osmNote.id.next = -1;
+       Object.assign(osmNote.prototype, {
+         type: 'note',
+         initialize: function initialize(sources) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < sources.length; ++i) {
+             var source = sources[i];
+
+             for (var prop in source) {
+               if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, prop)) {
+                 if (source[prop] === undefined) {
+                   delete this[prop];
+                 } else {
+                   this[prop] = source[prop];
+                 }
                }
+             }
+           }
 
-               return index || M - m;
+           if (!this.id) {
+             this.id = osmNote.id().toString();
            }
 
-           // sorts node children by the best axis for split
-           _chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M) {
-               const compareMinX = node.leaf ? this.compareMinX : compareNodeMinX;
-               const compareMinY = node.leaf ? this.compareMinY : compareNodeMinY;
-               const xMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinX);
-               const yMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinY);
+           return this;
+         },
+         extent: function extent() {
+           return new geoExtent(this.loc);
+         },
+         update: function update(attrs) {
+           return osmNote(this, attrs); // {v: 1 + (this.v || 0)}
+         },
+         isNew: function isNew() {
+           return this.id < 0;
+         },
+         move: function move(loc) {
+           return this.update({
+             loc: loc
+           });
+         }
+       });
 
-               // if total distributions margin value is minimal for x, sort by minX,
-               // otherwise it's already sorted by minY
-               if (xMargin < yMargin) node.children.sort(compareMinX);
-           }
+       function osmRelation() {
+         if (!(this instanceof osmRelation)) {
+           return new osmRelation().initialize(arguments);
+         } else if (arguments.length) {
+           this.initialize(arguments);
+         }
+       }
+       osmEntity.relation = osmRelation;
+       osmRelation.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);
 
-           // total margin of all possible split distributions where each node is at least m full
-           _allDistMargin(node, m, M, compare) {
-               node.children.sort(compare);
+       osmRelation.creationOrder = function (a, b) {
+         var aId = parseInt(osmEntity.id.toOSM(a.id), 10);
+         var bId = parseInt(osmEntity.id.toOSM(b.id), 10);
+         if (aId < 0 || bId < 0) return aId - bId;
+         return bId - aId;
+       };
 
-               const toBBox = this.toBBox;
-               const leftBBox = distBBox(node, 0, m, toBBox);
-               const rightBBox = distBBox(node, M - m, M, toBBox);
-               let margin = bboxMargin(leftBBox) + bboxMargin(rightBBox);
+       Object.assign(osmRelation.prototype, {
+         type: 'relation',
+         members: [],
+         copy: function copy(resolver, copies) {
+           if (copies[this.id]) return copies[this.id];
+           var copy = osmEntity.prototype.copy.call(this, resolver, copies);
+           var members = this.members.map(function (member) {
+             return Object.assign({}, member, {
+               id: resolver.entity(member.id).copy(resolver, copies).id
+             });
+           });
+           copy = copy.update({
+             members: members
+           });
+           copies[this.id] = copy;
+           return copy;
+         },
+         extent: function extent(resolver, memo) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'extent', function () {
+             if (memo && memo[this.id]) return geoExtent();
+             memo = memo || {};
+             memo[this.id] = true;
+             var extent = geoExtent();
 
-               for (let i = m; i < M - m; i++) {
-                   const child = node.children[i];
-                   extend$1(leftBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
-                   margin += bboxMargin(leftBBox);
-               }
+             for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
+               var member = resolver.hasEntity(this.members[i].id);
 
-               for (let i = M - m - 1; i >= m; i--) {
-                   const child = node.children[i];
-                   extend$1(rightBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
-                   margin += bboxMargin(rightBBox);
+               if (member) {
+                 extent._extend(member.extent(resolver, memo));
                }
+             }
 
-               return margin;
+             return extent;
+           });
+         },
+         geometry: function geometry(graph) {
+           return graph["transient"](this, 'geometry', function () {
+             return this.isMultipolygon() ? 'area' : 'relation';
+           });
+         },
+         isDegenerate: function isDegenerate() {
+           return this.members.length === 0;
+         },
+         // Return an array of members, each extended with an 'index' property whose value
+         // is the member index.
+         indexedMembers: function indexedMembers() {
+           var result = new Array(this.members.length);
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
+             result[i] = Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {
+               index: i
+             });
            }
 
-           _adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, path, level) {
-               // adjust bboxes along the given tree path
-               for (let i = level; i >= 0; i--) {
-                   extend$1(path[i], bbox);
-               }
+           return result;
+         },
+         // Return the first member with the given role. A copy of the member object
+         // is returned, extended with an 'index' property whose value is the member index.
+         memberByRole: function memberByRole(role) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
+             if (this.members[i].role === role) {
+               return Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {
+                 index: i
+               });
+             }
            }
-
-           _condense(path) {
-               // go through the path, removing empty nodes and updating bboxes
-               for (let i = path.length - 1, siblings; i >= 0; i--) {
-                   if (path[i].children.length === 0) {
-                       if (i > 0) {
-                           siblings = path[i - 1].children;
-                           siblings.splice(siblings.indexOf(path[i]), 1);
-
-                       } else this.clear();
-
-                   } else calcBBox(path[i], this.toBBox);
-               }
+         },
+         // Same as memberByRole, but returns all members with the given role
+         membersByRole: function membersByRole(role) {
+           var result = [];
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
+             if (this.members[i].role === role) {
+               result.push(Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {
+                 index: i
+               }));
+             }
            }
-       }
-
-       function findItem(item, items, equalsFn) {
-           if (!equalsFn) return items.indexOf(item);
 
-           for (let i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
-               if (equalsFn(item, items[i])) return i;
+           return result;
+         },
+         // Return the first member with the given id. A copy of the member object
+         // is returned, extended with an 'index' property whose value is the member index.
+         memberById: function memberById(id) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
+             if (this.members[i].id === id) {
+               return Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {
+                 index: i
+               });
+             }
            }
-           return -1;
-       }
-
-       // calculate node's bbox from bboxes of its children
-       function calcBBox(node, toBBox) {
-           distBBox(node, 0, node.children.length, toBBox, node);
-       }
-
-       // min bounding rectangle of node children from k to p-1
-       function distBBox(node, k, p, toBBox, destNode) {
-           if (!destNode) destNode = createNode(null);
-           destNode.minX = Infinity;
-           destNode.minY = Infinity;
-           destNode.maxX = -Infinity;
-           destNode.maxY = -Infinity;
-
-           for (let i = k; i < p; i++) {
-               const child = node.children[i];
-               extend$1(destNode, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
+         },
+         // Return the first member with the given id and role. A copy of the member object
+         // is returned, extended with an 'index' property whose value is the member index.
+         memberByIdAndRole: function memberByIdAndRole(id, role) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
+             if (this.members[i].id === id && this.members[i].role === role) {
+               return Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {
+                 index: i
+               });
+             }
+           }
+         },
+         addMember: function addMember(member, index) {
+           var members = this.members.slice();
+           members.splice(index === undefined ? members.length : index, 0, member);
+           return this.update({
+             members: members
+           });
+         },
+         updateMember: function updateMember(member, index) {
+           var members = this.members.slice();
+           members.splice(index, 1, Object.assign({}, members[index], member));
+           return this.update({
+             members: members
+           });
+         },
+         removeMember: function removeMember(index) {
+           var members = this.members.slice();
+           members.splice(index, 1);
+           return this.update({
+             members: members
+           });
+         },
+         removeMembersWithID: function removeMembersWithID(id) {
+           var members = this.members.filter(function (m) {
+             return m.id !== id;
+           });
+           return this.update({
+             members: members
+           });
+         },
+         moveMember: function moveMember(fromIndex, toIndex) {
+           var members = this.members.slice();
+           members.splice(toIndex, 0, members.splice(fromIndex, 1)[0]);
+           return this.update({
+             members: members
+           });
+         },
+         // Wherever a member appears with id `needle.id`, replace it with a member
+         // with id `replacement.id`, type `replacement.type`, and the original role,
+         // By default, adding a duplicate member (by id and role) is prevented.
+         // Return an updated relation.
+         replaceMember: function replaceMember(needle, replacement, keepDuplicates) {
+           if (!this.memberById(needle.id)) return this;
+           var members = [];
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
+             var member = this.members[i];
+
+             if (member.id !== needle.id) {
+               members.push(member);
+             } else if (keepDuplicates || !this.memberByIdAndRole(replacement.id, member.role)) {
+               members.push({
+                 id: replacement.id,
+                 type: replacement.type,
+                 role: member.role
+               });
+             }
            }
 
-           return destNode;
-       }
+           return this.update({
+             members: members
+           });
+         },
+         asJXON: function asJXON(changeset_id) {
+           var r = {
+             relation: {
+               '@id': this.osmId(),
+               '@version': this.version || 0,
+               member: this.members.map(function (member) {
+                 return {
+                   keyAttributes: {
+                     type: member.type,
+                     role: member.role,
+                     ref: osmEntity.id.toOSM(member.id)
+                   }
+                 };
+               }, this),
+               tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function (k) {
+                 return {
+                   keyAttributes: {
+                     k: k,
+                     v: this.tags[k]
+                   }
+                 };
+               }, this)
+             }
+           };
 
-       function extend$1(a, b) {
-           a.minX = Math.min(a.minX, b.minX);
-           a.minY = Math.min(a.minY, b.minY);
-           a.maxX = Math.max(a.maxX, b.maxX);
-           a.maxY = Math.max(a.maxY, b.maxY);
-           return a;
-       }
+           if (changeset_id) {
+             r.relation['@changeset'] = changeset_id;
+           }
 
-       function compareNodeMinX(a, b) { return a.minX - b.minX; }
-       function compareNodeMinY(a, b) { return a.minY - b.minY; }
+           return r;
+         },
+         asGeoJSON: function asGeoJSON(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'GeoJSON', function () {
+             if (this.isMultipolygon()) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'MultiPolygon',
+                 coordinates: this.multipolygon(resolver)
+               };
+             } else {
+               return {
+                 type: 'FeatureCollection',
+                 properties: this.tags,
+                 features: this.members.map(function (member) {
+                   return Object.assign({
+                     role: member.role
+                   }, resolver.entity(member.id).asGeoJSON(resolver));
+                 })
+               };
+             }
+           });
+         },
+         area: function area(resolver) {
+           return resolver["transient"](this, 'area', function () {
+             return d3_geoArea(this.asGeoJSON(resolver));
+           });
+         },
+         isMultipolygon: function isMultipolygon() {
+           return this.tags.type === 'multipolygon';
+         },
+         isComplete: function isComplete(resolver) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
+             if (!resolver.hasEntity(this.members[i].id)) {
+               return false;
+             }
+           }
 
-       function bboxArea(a)   { return (a.maxX - a.minX) * (a.maxY - a.minY); }
-       function bboxMargin(a) { return (a.maxX - a.minX) + (a.maxY - a.minY); }
+           return true;
+         },
+         hasFromViaTo: function hasFromViaTo() {
+           return this.members.some(function (m) {
+             return m.role === 'from';
+           }) && this.members.some(function (m) {
+             return m.role === 'via';
+           }) && this.members.some(function (m) {
+             return m.role === 'to';
+           });
+         },
+         isRestriction: function isRestriction() {
+           return !!(this.tags.type && this.tags.type.match(/^restriction:?/));
+         },
+         isValidRestriction: function isValidRestriction() {
+           if (!this.isRestriction()) return false;
+           var froms = this.members.filter(function (m) {
+             return m.role === 'from';
+           });
+           var vias = this.members.filter(function (m) {
+             return m.role === 'via';
+           });
+           var tos = this.members.filter(function (m) {
+             return m.role === 'to';
+           });
+           if (froms.length !== 1 && this.tags.restriction !== 'no_entry') return false;
+           if (froms.some(function (m) {
+             return m.type !== 'way';
+           })) return false;
+           if (tos.length !== 1 && this.tags.restriction !== 'no_exit') return false;
+           if (tos.some(function (m) {
+             return m.type !== 'way';
+           })) return false;
+           if (vias.length === 0) return false;
+           if (vias.length > 1 && vias.some(function (m) {
+             return m.type !== 'way';
+           })) return false;
+           return true;
+         },
+         isConnectivity: function isConnectivity() {
+           return !!(this.tags.type && this.tags.type.match(/^connectivity:?/));
+         },
+         // Returns an array [A0, ... An], each Ai being an array of node arrays [Nds0, ... Ndsm],
+         // where Nds0 is an outer ring and subsequent Ndsi's (if any i > 0) being inner rings.
+         //
+         // This corresponds to the structure needed for rendering a multipolygon path using a
+         // `evenodd` fill rule, as well as the structure of a GeoJSON MultiPolygon geometry.
+         //
+         // In the case of invalid geometries, this function will still return a result which
+         // includes the nodes of all way members, but some Nds may be unclosed and some inner
+         // rings not matched with the intended outer ring.
+         //
+         multipolygon: function multipolygon(resolver) {
+           var outers = this.members.filter(function (m) {
+             return 'outer' === (m.role || 'outer');
+           });
+           var inners = this.members.filter(function (m) {
+             return 'inner' === m.role;
+           });
+           outers = osmJoinWays(outers, resolver);
+           inners = osmJoinWays(inners, resolver);
 
-       function enlargedArea(a, b) {
-           return (Math.max(b.maxX, a.maxX) - Math.min(b.minX, a.minX)) *
-                  (Math.max(b.maxY, a.maxY) - Math.min(b.minY, a.minY));
-       }
+           var sequenceToLineString = function sequenceToLineString(sequence) {
+             if (sequence.nodes.length > 2 && sequence.nodes[0] !== sequence.nodes[sequence.nodes.length - 1]) {
+               // close unclosed parts to ensure correct area rendering - #2945
+               sequence.nodes.push(sequence.nodes[0]);
+             }
 
-       function intersectionArea(a, b) {
-           const minX = Math.max(a.minX, b.minX);
-           const minY = Math.max(a.minY, b.minY);
-           const maxX = Math.min(a.maxX, b.maxX);
-           const maxY = Math.min(a.maxY, b.maxY);
+             return sequence.nodes.map(function (node) {
+               return node.loc;
+             });
+           };
 
-           return Math.max(0, maxX - minX) *
-                  Math.max(0, maxY - minY);
-       }
+           outers = outers.map(sequenceToLineString);
+           inners = inners.map(sequenceToLineString);
+           var result = outers.map(function (o) {
+             // Heuristic for detecting counterclockwise winding order. Assumes
+             // that OpenStreetMap polygons are not hemisphere-spanning.
+             return [d3_geoArea({
+               type: 'Polygon',
+               coordinates: [o]
+             }) > 2 * Math.PI ? o.reverse() : o];
+           });
 
-       function contains$1(a, b) {
-           return a.minX <= b.minX &&
-                  a.minY <= b.minY &&
-                  b.maxX <= a.maxX &&
-                  b.maxY <= a.maxY;
-       }
+           function findOuter(inner) {
+             var o, outer;
 
-       function intersects(a, b) {
-           return b.minX <= a.maxX &&
-                  b.minY <= a.maxY &&
-                  b.maxX >= a.minX &&
-                  b.maxY >= a.minY;
-       }
+             for (o = 0; o < outers.length; o++) {
+               outer = outers[o];
 
-       function createNode(children) {
-           return {
-               children,
-               height: 1,
-               leaf: true,
-               minX: Infinity,
-               minY: Infinity,
-               maxX: -Infinity,
-               maxY: -Infinity
-           };
-       }
+               if (geoPolygonContainsPolygon(outer, inner)) {
+                 return o;
+               }
+             }
 
-       // sort an array so that items come in groups of n unsorted items, with groups sorted between each other;
-       // combines selection algorithm with binary divide & conquer approach
+             for (o = 0; o < outers.length; o++) {
+               outer = outers[o];
 
-       function multiSelect(arr, left, right, n, compare) {
-           const stack = [left, right];
+               if (geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(outer, inner, false)) {
+                 return o;
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-           while (stack.length) {
-               right = stack.pop();
-               left = stack.pop();
+           for (var i = 0; i < inners.length; i++) {
+             var inner = inners[i];
 
-               if (right - left <= n) continue;
+             if (d3_geoArea({
+               type: 'Polygon',
+               coordinates: [inner]
+             }) < 2 * Math.PI) {
+               inner = inner.reverse();
+             }
 
-               const mid = left + Math.ceil((right - left) / n / 2) * n;
-               quickselect(arr, mid, left, right, compare);
+             var o = findOuter(inners[i]);
 
-               stack.push(left, mid, mid, right);
+             if (o !== undefined) {
+               result[o].push(inners[i]);
+             } else {
+               result.push([inners[i]]); // Invalid geometry
+             }
            }
-       }
 
-       const tiler = utilTiler();
-       const dispatch$1 = dispatch('loaded');
-       const _tileZoom = 14;
-       const _krUrlRoot = 'https://www.keepright.at';
-       let _krData = { errorTypes: {}, localizeStrings: {} };
+           return result;
+         }
+       });
 
-       // This gets reassigned if reset
-       let _cache;
+       var QAItem = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function QAItem(loc, service, itemType, id, props) {
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, QAItem);
 
-       const _krRuleset = [
-         // no 20 - multiple node on same spot - these are mostly boundaries overlapping roads
-         30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 150, 160, 170, 180,
-         190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198,
-         200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 210, 220,
-         230, 231, 232, 270, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285,
-         290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 300, 310, 311, 312, 313,
-         320, 350, 360, 370, 380, 390, 400, 401, 402, 410, 411, 412, 413
-       ];
+           // Store required properties
+           this.loc = loc;
+           this.service = service.title;
+           this.itemType = itemType; // All issues must have an ID for selection, use generic if none specified
 
+           this.id = id ? id : "".concat(QAItem.id());
+           this.update(props); // Some QA services have marker icons to differentiate issues
 
-       function abortRequest(controller) {
-         if (controller) {
-           controller.abort();
+           if (service && typeof service.getIcon === 'function') {
+             this.icon = service.getIcon(itemType);
+           }
          }
-       }
 
-       function abortUnwantedRequests(cache, tiles) {
-         Object.keys(cache.inflightTile).forEach(k => {
-           const wanted = tiles.find(tile => k === tile.id);
-           if (!wanted) {
-             abortRequest(cache.inflightTile[k]);
-             delete cache.inflightTile[k];
-           }
-         });
-       }
+         _createClass$1(QAItem, [{
+           key: "update",
+           value: function update(props) {
+             var _this = this;
 
+             // You can't override this initial information
+             var loc = this.loc,
+                 service = this.service,
+                 itemType = this.itemType,
+                 id = this.id;
+             Object.keys(props).forEach(function (prop) {
+               return _this[prop] = props[prop];
+             });
+             this.loc = loc;
+             this.service = service;
+             this.itemType = itemType;
+             this.id = id;
+             return this;
+           } // Generic handling for newly created QAItems
 
-       function encodeIssueRtree(d) {
-         return { minX: d.loc[0], minY: d.loc[1], maxX: d.loc[0], maxY: d.loc[1], data: d };
-       }
+         }], [{
+           key: "id",
+           value: function id() {
+             return this.nextId--;
+           }
+         }]);
 
+         return QAItem;
+       }();
+       QAItem.nextId = -1;
 
-       // Replace or remove QAItem from rtree
-       function updateRtree(item, replace) {
-         _cache.rtree.remove(item, (a, b) => a.data.id === b.data.id);
+       //
+       // Optionally, split only the given ways, if multiple ways share
+       // the given node.
+       //
+       // This is the inverse of `iD.actionJoin`.
+       //
+       // For testing convenience, accepts an ID to assign to the new way.
+       // Normally, this will be undefined and the way will automatically
+       // be assigned a new ID.
+       //
+       // Reference:
+       //   https://github.com/systemed/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/SplitWayAction.as
+       //
 
-         if (replace) {
-           _cache.rtree.insert(item);
-         }
-       }
+       function actionSplit(nodeIds, newWayIds) {
+         // accept single ID for backwards-compatiblity
+         if (typeof nodeIds === 'string') nodeIds = [nodeIds];
 
+         var _wayIDs; // the strategy for picking which way will have a new version and which way is newly created
 
-       function tokenReplacements(d) {
-         if (!(d instanceof QAItem)) return;
 
-         const htmlRegex = new RegExp(/<\/[a-z][\s\S]*>/);
-         const replacements = {};
+         var _keepHistoryOn = 'longest'; // 'longest', 'first'
+         // The IDs of the ways actually created by running this action
 
-         const issueTemplate = _krData.errorTypes[d.whichType];
-         if (!issueTemplate) {
-           /* eslint-disable no-console */
-           console.log('No Template: ', d.whichType);
-           console.log('  ', d.description);
-           /* eslint-enable no-console */
-           return;
-         }
+         var _createdWayIDs = [];
 
-         // some descriptions are just fixed text
-         if (!issueTemplate.regex) return;
+         function dist(graph, nA, nB) {
+           var locA = graph.entity(nA).loc;
+           var locB = graph.entity(nB).loc;
+           var epsilon = 1e-6;
+           return locA && locB ? geoSphericalDistance(locA, locB) : epsilon;
+         } // If the way is closed, we need to search for a partner node
+         // to split the way at.
+         //
+         // The following looks for a node that is both far away from
+         // the initial node in terms of way segment length and nearby
+         // in terms of beeline-distance. This assures that areas get
+         // split on the most "natural" points (independent of the number
+         // of nodes).
+         // For example: bone-shaped areas get split across their waist
+         // line, circles across the diameter.
+
+
+         function splitArea(nodes, idxA, graph) {
+           var lengths = new Array(nodes.length);
+           var length;
+           var i;
+           var best = 0;
+           var idxB;
 
-         // regex pattern should match description with variable details captured
-         const errorRegex = new RegExp(issueTemplate.regex, 'i');
-         const errorMatch = errorRegex.exec(d.description);
-         if (!errorMatch) {
-           /* eslint-disable no-console */
-           console.log('Unmatched: ', d.whichType);
-           console.log('  ', d.description);
-           console.log('  ', errorRegex);
-           /* eslint-enable no-console */
-           return;
-         }
+           function wrap(index) {
+             return utilWrap(index, nodes.length);
+           } // calculate lengths
 
-         for (let i = 1; i < errorMatch.length; i++) {   // skip first
-           let capture = errorMatch[i];
-           let idType;
 
-           idType = 'IDs' in issueTemplate ? issueTemplate.IDs[i-1] : '';
-           if (idType && capture) {   // link IDs if present in the capture
-             capture = parseError(capture, idType);
-           } else if (htmlRegex.test(capture)) {   // escape any html in non-IDs
-             capture = '\\' +  capture + '\\';
-           } else {
-             const compare = capture.toLowerCase();
-             if (_krData.localizeStrings[compare]) {   // some replacement strings can be localized
-               capture = _t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.' + _krData.localizeStrings[compare]);
-             }
-           }
+           length = 0;
 
-           replacements['var' + i] = capture;
-         }
+           for (i = wrap(idxA + 1); i !== idxA; i = wrap(i + 1)) {
+             length += dist(graph, nodes[i], nodes[wrap(i - 1)]);
+             lengths[i] = length;
+           }
 
-         return replacements;
-       }
+           length = 0;
 
+           for (i = wrap(idxA - 1); i !== idxA; i = wrap(i - 1)) {
+             length += dist(graph, nodes[i], nodes[wrap(i + 1)]);
 
-       function parseError(capture, idType) {
-         const compare = capture.toLowerCase();
-         if (_krData.localizeStrings[compare]) {   // some replacement strings can be localized
-           capture = _t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.' + _krData.localizeStrings[compare]);
-         }
+             if (length < lengths[i]) {
+               lengths[i] = length;
+             }
+           } // determine best opposite node to split
 
-         switch (idType) {
-           // link a string like "this node"
-           case 'this':
-             capture = linkErrorObject(capture);
-             break;
 
-           case 'url':
-             capture = linkURL(capture);
-             break;
+           for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
+             var cost = lengths[i] / dist(graph, nodes[idxA], nodes[i]);
 
-           // link an entity ID
-           case 'n':
-           case 'w':
-           case 'r':
-             capture = linkEntity(idType + capture);
-             break;
+             if (cost > best) {
+               idxB = i;
+               best = cost;
+             }
+           }
 
-           // some errors have more complex ID lists/variance
-           case '20':
-             capture = parse20(capture);
-             break;
-           case '211':
-             capture = parse211(capture);
-             break;
-           case '231':
-             capture = parse231(capture);
-             break;
-           case '294':
-             capture = parse294(capture);
-             break;
-           case '370':
-             capture = parse370(capture);
-             break;
+           return idxB;
          }
 
-         return capture;
+         function totalLengthBetweenNodes(graph, nodes) {
+           var totalLength = 0;
 
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length - 1; i++) {
+             totalLength += dist(graph, nodes[i], nodes[i + 1]);
+           }
 
-         function linkErrorObject(d) {
-           return `<a class="error_object_link">${d}</a>`;
+           return totalLength;
          }
 
-         function linkEntity(d) {
-           return `<a class="error_entity_link">${d}</a>`;
-         }
+         function split(graph, nodeId, wayA, newWayId) {
+           var wayB = osmWay({
+             id: newWayId,
+             tags: wayA.tags
+           }); // `wayB` is the NEW way
 
-         function linkURL(d) {
-           return `<a class="kr_external_link" target="_blank" href="${d}">${d}</a>`;
-         }
+           var origNodes = wayA.nodes.slice();
+           var nodesA;
+           var nodesB;
+           var isArea = wayA.isArea();
+           var isOuter = osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(wayA, graph);
 
-         // arbitrary node list of form: #ID, #ID, #ID...
-         function parse211(capture) {
-           let newList = [];
-           const items = capture.split(', ');
+           if (wayA.isClosed()) {
+             var nodes = wayA.nodes.slice(0, -1);
+             var idxA = nodes.indexOf(nodeId);
+             var idxB = splitArea(nodes, idxA, graph);
 
-           items.forEach(item => {
-             // ID has # at the front
-             let id = linkEntity('n' + item.slice(1));
-             newList.push(id);
-           });
+             if (idxB < idxA) {
+               nodesA = nodes.slice(idxA).concat(nodes.slice(0, idxB + 1));
+               nodesB = nodes.slice(idxB, idxA + 1);
+             } else {
+               nodesA = nodes.slice(idxA, idxB + 1);
+               nodesB = nodes.slice(idxB).concat(nodes.slice(0, idxA + 1));
+             }
+           } else {
+             var idx = wayA.nodes.indexOf(nodeId, 1);
+             nodesA = wayA.nodes.slice(0, idx + 1);
+             nodesB = wayA.nodes.slice(idx);
+           }
 
-           return newList.join(', ');
-         }
+           var lengthA = totalLengthBetweenNodes(graph, nodesA);
+           var lengthB = totalLengthBetweenNodes(graph, nodesB);
 
-         // arbitrary way list of form: #ID(layer),#ID(layer),#ID(layer)...
-         function parse231(capture) {
-           let newList = [];
-           // unfortunately 'layer' can itself contain commas, so we split on '),'
-           const items = capture.split('),');
+           if (_keepHistoryOn === 'longest' && lengthB > lengthA) {
+             // keep the history on the longer way, regardless of the node count
+             wayA = wayA.update({
+               nodes: nodesB
+             });
+             wayB = wayB.update({
+               nodes: nodesA
+             });
+             var temp = lengthA;
+             lengthA = lengthB;
+             lengthB = temp;
+           } else {
+             wayA = wayA.update({
+               nodes: nodesA
+             });
+             wayB = wayB.update({
+               nodes: nodesB
+             });
+           }
 
-           items.forEach(item => {
-             const match = item.match(/\#(\d+)\((.+)\)?/);
-             if (match !== null && match.length > 2) {
-               newList.push(linkEntity('w' + match[1]) + ' ' +
-                 _t('QA.keepRight.errorTypes.231.layer', { layer: match[2] })
-               );
+           if (wayA.tags.step_count) {
+             // divide up the the step count proportionally between the two ways
+             var stepCount = parseFloat(wayA.tags.step_count);
+
+             if (stepCount && // ensure a number
+             isFinite(stepCount) && // ensure positive
+             stepCount > 0 && // ensure integer
+             Math.round(stepCount) === stepCount) {
+               var tagsA = Object.assign({}, wayA.tags);
+               var tagsB = Object.assign({}, wayB.tags);
+               var ratioA = lengthA / (lengthA + lengthB);
+               var countA = Math.round(stepCount * ratioA);
+               tagsA.step_count = countA.toString();
+               tagsB.step_count = (stepCount - countA).toString();
+               wayA = wayA.update({
+                 tags: tagsA
+               });
+               wayB = wayB.update({
+                 tags: tagsB
+               });
              }
-           });
+           }
 
-           return newList.join(', ');
-         }
+           graph = graph.replace(wayA);
+           graph = graph.replace(wayB);
+           graph.parentRelations(wayA).forEach(function (relation) {
+             var member; // Turn restrictions - make sure:
+             // 1. Splitting a FROM/TO way - only `wayA` OR `wayB` remains in relation
+             //    (whichever one is connected to the VIA node/ways)
+             // 2. Splitting a VIA way - `wayB` remains in relation as a VIA way
 
-         // arbitrary node/relation list of form: from node #ID,to relation #ID,to node #ID...
-         function parse294(capture) {
-           let newList = [];
-           const items = capture.split(',');
+             if (relation.hasFromViaTo()) {
+               var f = relation.memberByRole('from');
+               var v = relation.membersByRole('via');
+               var t = relation.memberByRole('to');
+               var i; // 1. split a FROM/TO
 
-           items.forEach(item => {
-             // item of form "from/to node/relation #ID"
-             item = item.split(' ');
+               if (f.id === wayA.id || t.id === wayA.id) {
+                 var keepB = false;
 
-             // to/from role is more clear in quotes
-             const role = `"${item[0]}"`;
+                 if (v.length === 1 && v[0].type === 'node') {
+                   // check via node
+                   keepB = wayB.contains(v[0].id);
+                 } else {
+                   // check via way(s)
+                   for (i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
+                     if (v[i].type === 'way') {
+                       var wayVia = graph.hasEntity(v[i].id);
 
-             // first letter of node/relation provides the type
-             const idType = item[1].slice(0,1);
+                       if (wayVia && utilArrayIntersection(wayB.nodes, wayVia.nodes).length) {
+                         keepB = true;
+                         break;
+                       }
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
 
-             // ID has # at the front
-             let id = item[2].slice(1);
-             id = linkEntity(idType + id);
+                 if (keepB) {
+                   relation = relation.replaceMember(wayA, wayB);
+                   graph = graph.replace(relation);
+                 } // 2. split a VIA
 
-             newList.push(`${role} ${item[1]} ${id}`);
-           });
+               } else {
+                 for (i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
+                   if (v[i].type === 'way' && v[i].id === wayA.id) {
+                     member = {
+                       id: wayB.id,
+                       type: 'way',
+                       role: 'via'
+                     };
+                     graph = actionAddMember(relation.id, member, v[i].index + 1)(graph);
+                     break;
+                   }
+                 }
+               } // All other relations (Routes, Multipolygons, etc):
+               // 1. Both `wayA` and `wayB` remain in the relation
+               // 2. But must be inserted as a pair (see `actionAddMember` for details)
 
-           return newList.join(', ');
-         }
+             } else {
+               if (relation === isOuter) {
+                 graph = graph.replace(relation.mergeTags(wayA.tags));
+                 graph = graph.replace(wayA.update({
+                   tags: {}
+                 }));
+                 graph = graph.replace(wayB.update({
+                   tags: {}
+                 }));
+               }
 
-         // may or may not include the string "(including the name 'name')"
-         function parse370(capture) {
-           if (!capture) return '';
+               member = {
+                 id: wayB.id,
+                 type: 'way',
+                 role: relation.memberById(wayA.id).role
+               };
+               var insertPair = {
+                 originalID: wayA.id,
+                 insertedID: wayB.id,
+                 nodes: origNodes
+               };
+               graph = actionAddMember(relation.id, member, undefined, insertPair)(graph);
+             }
+           });
 
-           const match = capture.match(/\(including the name (\'.+\')\)/);
-           if (match && match.length) {
-             return _t('QA.keepRight.errorTypes.370.including_the_name', { name: match[1] });
+           if (!isOuter && isArea) {
+             var multipolygon = osmRelation({
+               tags: Object.assign({}, wayA.tags, {
+                 type: 'multipolygon'
+               }),
+               members: [{
+                 id: wayA.id,
+                 role: 'outer',
+                 type: 'way'
+               }, {
+                 id: wayB.id,
+                 role: 'outer',
+                 type: 'way'
+               }]
+             });
+             graph = graph.replace(multipolygon);
+             graph = graph.replace(wayA.update({
+               tags: {}
+             }));
+             graph = graph.replace(wayB.update({
+               tags: {}
+             }));
            }
-           return '';
-         }
-
-         // arbitrary node list of form: #ID,#ID,#ID...
-         function parse20(capture) {
-           let newList = [];
-           const items = capture.split(',');
 
-           items.forEach(item => {
-             // ID has # at the front
-             const id = linkEntity('n' + item.slice(1));
-             newList.push(id);
-           });
+           _createdWayIDs.push(wayB.id);
 
-           return newList.join(', ');
+           return graph;
          }
-       }
-
 
-       var serviceKeepRight = {
-         title: 'keepRight',
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           _createdWayIDs = [];
+           var newWayIndex = 0;
 
-         init() {
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('keepRight')
-             .then(d => _krData = d);
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodeIds.length; i++) {
+             var nodeId = nodeIds[i];
+             var candidates = action.waysForNode(nodeId, graph);
 
-           if (!_cache) {
-             this.reset();
+             for (var j = 0; j < candidates.length; j++) {
+               graph = split(graph, nodeId, candidates[j], newWayIds && newWayIds[newWayIndex]);
+               newWayIndex += 1;
+             }
            }
 
-           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$1, 'on');
-         },
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-         reset() {
-           if (_cache) {
-             Object.values(_cache.inflightTile).forEach(abortRequest);
-           }
+         action.getCreatedWayIDs = function () {
+           return _createdWayIDs;
+         };
 
-           _cache = {
-             data: {},
-             loadedTile: {},
-             inflightTile: {},
-             inflightPost: {},
-             closed: {},
-             rtree: new RBush()
-           };
-         },
+         action.waysForNode = function (nodeId, graph) {
+           var node = graph.entity(nodeId);
+           var splittableParents = graph.parentWays(node).filter(isSplittable);
 
+           if (!_wayIDs) {
+             // If the ways to split aren't specified, only split the lines.
+             // If there are no lines to split, split the areas.
+             var hasLine = splittableParents.some(function (parent) {
+               return parent.geometry(graph) === 'line';
+             });
 
-         // KeepRight API:  http://osm.mueschelsoft.de/keepright/interfacing.php
-         loadIssues(projection) {
-           const options = {
-             format: 'geojson',
-             ch: _krRuleset
-           };
+             if (hasLine) {
+               return splittableParents.filter(function (parent) {
+                 return parent.geometry(graph) === 'line';
+               });
+             }
+           }
 
-           // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
-           const tiles = tiler
-             .zoomExtent([_tileZoom, _tileZoom])
-             .getTiles(projection);
+           return splittableParents;
 
-           // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
-           abortUnwantedRequests(_cache, tiles);
+           function isSplittable(parent) {
+             // If the ways to split are specified, ignore everything else.
+             if (_wayIDs && _wayIDs.indexOf(parent.id) === -1) return false; // We can fake splitting closed ways at their endpoints...
 
-           // issue new requests..
-           tiles.forEach(tile => {
-             if (_cache.loadedTile[tile.id] || _cache.inflightTile[tile.id]) return;
+             if (parent.isClosed()) return true; // otherwise, we can't split nodes at their endpoints.
 
-             const [ left, top, right, bottom ] = tile.extent.rectangle();
-             const params = Object.assign({}, options, { left, bottom, right, top });
-             const url = `${_krUrlRoot}/export.php?` + utilQsString(params);
-             const controller = new AbortController();
+             for (var i = 1; i < parent.nodes.length - 1; i++) {
+               if (parent.nodes[i] === nodeId) return true;
+             }
 
-             _cache.inflightTile[tile.id] = controller;
+             return false;
+           }
+         };
 
-             d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
-               .then(data => {
-                 delete _cache.inflightTile[tile.id];
-                 _cache.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
-                 if (!data || !data.features || !data.features.length) {
-                   throw new Error('No Data');
-                 }
-
-                 data.features.forEach(feature => {
-                   const {
-                     properties: {
-                       error_type: itemType,
-                       error_id: id,
-                       comment = null,
-                       object_id: objectId,
-                       object_type: objectType,
-                       schema,
-                       title
-                     }
-                   } = feature;
-                   let {
-                     geometry: { coordinates: loc },
-                     properties: { description = '' }
-                   } = feature;
-
-                   // if there is a parent, save its error type e.g.:
-                   //  Error 191 = "highway-highway"
-                   //  Error 190 = "intersections without junctions"  (parent)
-                   const issueTemplate = _krData.errorTypes[itemType];
-                   const parentIssueType = (Math.floor(itemType / 10) * 10).toString();
-
-                   // try to handle error type directly, fallback to parent error type.
-                   const whichType = issueTemplate ? itemType : parentIssueType;
-                   const whichTemplate = _krData.errorTypes[whichType];
-
-                   // Rewrite a few of the errors at this point..
-                   // This is done to make them easier to linkify and translate.
-                   switch (whichType) {
-                     case '170':
-                       description = `This feature has a FIXME tag: ${description}`;
-                       break;
-                     case '292':
-                     case '293':
-                       description = description.replace('A turn-', 'This turn-');
-                       break;
-                     case '294':
-                     case '295':
-                     case '296':
-                     case '297':
-                     case '298':
-                       description = `This turn-restriction~${description}`;
-                       break;
-                     case '300':
-                       description = 'This highway is missing a maxspeed tag';
-                       break;
-                     case '411':
-                     case '412':
-                     case '413':
-                       description = `This feature~${description}`;
-                       break;
-                   }
+         action.ways = function (graph) {
+           return utilArrayUniq([].concat.apply([], nodeIds.map(function (nodeId) {
+             return action.waysForNode(nodeId, graph);
+           })));
+         };
 
-                   // move markers slightly so it doesn't obscure the geometry,
-                   // then move markers away from other coincident markers
-                   let coincident = false;
-                   do {
-                     // first time, move marker up. after that, move marker right.
-                     let delta = coincident ? [0.00001, 0] : [0, 0.00001];
-                     loc = geoVecAdd(loc, delta);
-                     let bbox = geoExtent(loc).bbox();
-                     coincident = _cache.rtree.search(bbox).length;
-                   } while (coincident);
-
-                   let d = new QAItem(loc, this, itemType, id, {
-                     comment,
-                     description,
-                     whichType,
-                     parentIssueType,
-                     severity: whichTemplate.severity || 'error',
-                     objectId,
-                     objectType,
-                     schema,
-                     title
-                   });
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodeIds.length; i++) {
+             var nodeId = nodeIds[i];
+             var candidates = action.waysForNode(nodeId, graph);
+
+             if (candidates.length === 0 || _wayIDs && _wayIDs.length !== candidates.length) {
+               return 'not_eligible';
+             }
+           }
+         };
 
-                   d.replacements = tokenReplacements(d);
+         action.limitWays = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _wayIDs;
+           _wayIDs = val;
+           return action;
+         };
 
-                   _cache.data[id] = d;
-                   _cache.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree(d));
-                 });
+         action.keepHistoryOn = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _keepHistoryOn;
+           _keepHistoryOn = val;
+           return action;
+         };
 
-                 dispatch$1.call('loaded');
-               })
-               .catch(() => {
-                 delete _cache.inflightTile[tile.id];
-                 _cache.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
-               });
+         return action;
+       }
 
-           });
-         },
+       function coreGraph(other, mutable) {
+         if (!(this instanceof coreGraph)) return new coreGraph(other, mutable);
+
+         if (other instanceof coreGraph) {
+           var base = other.base();
+           this.entities = Object.assign(Object.create(base.entities), other.entities);
+           this._parentWays = Object.assign(Object.create(base.parentWays), other._parentWays);
+           this._parentRels = Object.assign(Object.create(base.parentRels), other._parentRels);
+         } else {
+           this.entities = Object.create({});
+           this._parentWays = Object.create({});
+           this._parentRels = Object.create({});
+           this.rebase(other || [], [this]);
+         }
 
+         this.transients = {};
+         this._childNodes = {};
+         this.frozen = !mutable;
+       }
+       coreGraph.prototype = {
+         hasEntity: function hasEntity(id) {
+           return this.entities[id];
+         },
+         entity: function entity(id) {
+           var entity = this.entities[id]; //https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/3973#issuecomment-307052376
 
-         postUpdate(d, callback) {
-           if (_cache.inflightPost[d.id]) {
-             return callback({ message: 'Error update already inflight', status: -2 }, d);
+           if (!entity) {
+             entity = this.entities.__proto__[id]; // eslint-disable-line no-proto
            }
 
-           const params = { schema: d.schema, id: d.id };
-
-           if (d.newStatus) {
-             params.st = d.newStatus;
-           }
-           if (d.newComment !== undefined) {
-             params.co = d.newComment;
+           if (!entity) {
+             throw new Error('entity ' + id + ' not found');
            }
 
-           // NOTE: This throws a CORS err, but it seems successful.
-           // We don't care too much about the response, so this is fine.
-           const url = `${_krUrlRoot}/comment.php?` + utilQsString(params);
-           const controller = new AbortController();
-
-           _cache.inflightPost[d.id] = controller;
+           return entity;
+         },
+         geometry: function geometry(id) {
+           return this.entity(id).geometry(this);
+         },
+         "transient": function transient(entity, key, fn) {
+           var id = entity.id;
+           var transients = this.transients[id] || (this.transients[id] = {});
 
-           // Since this is expected to throw an error just continue as if it worked
-           // (worst case scenario the request truly fails and issue will show up if iD restarts)
-           d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
-             .finally(() => {
-               delete _cache.inflightPost[d.id];
-
-               if (d.newStatus === 'ignore') {
-                 // ignore permanently (false positive)
-                 this.removeItem(d);
-               } else if (d.newStatus === 'ignore_t') {
-                 // ignore temporarily (error fixed)
-                 this.removeItem(d);
-                 _cache.closed[`${d.schema}:${d.id}`] = true;
-               } else {
-                 d = this.replaceItem(d.update({
-                   comment: d.newComment,
-                   newComment: undefined,
-                   newState: undefined
-                 }));
-               }
+           if (transients[key] !== undefined) {
+             return transients[key];
+           }
 
-               if (callback) callback(null, d);
-             });
+           transients[key] = fn.call(entity);
+           return transients[key];
          },
+         parentWays: function parentWays(entity) {
+           var parents = this._parentWays[entity.id];
+           var result = [];
 
-         // Get all cached QAItems covering the viewport
-         getItems(projection) {
-           const viewport = projection.clipExtent();
-           const min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
-           const max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
-           const bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+           if (parents) {
+             parents.forEach(function (id) {
+               result.push(this.entity(id));
+             }, this);
+           }
 
-           return _cache.rtree.search(bbox).map(d => d.data);
+           return result;
          },
-
-         // Get a QAItem from cache
-         // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
-         getError(id) {
-           return _cache.data[id];
+         isPoi: function isPoi(entity) {
+           var parents = this._parentWays[entity.id];
+           return !parents || parents.size === 0;
          },
-
-         // Replace a single QAItem in the cache
-         replaceItem(item) {
-           if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) return;
-
-           _cache.data[item.id] = item;
-           updateRtree(encodeIssueRtree(item), true); // true = replace
-           return item;
+         isShared: function isShared(entity) {
+           var parents = this._parentWays[entity.id];
+           return parents && parents.size > 1;
          },
+         parentRelations: function parentRelations(entity) {
+           var parents = this._parentRels[entity.id];
+           var result = [];
 
-         // Remove a single QAItem from the cache
-         removeItem(item) {
-           if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) return;
+           if (parents) {
+             parents.forEach(function (id) {
+               result.push(this.entity(id));
+             }, this);
+           }
 
-           delete _cache.data[item.id];
-           updateRtree(encodeIssueRtree(item), false); // false = remove
+           return result;
+         },
+         parentMultipolygons: function parentMultipolygons(entity) {
+           return this.parentRelations(entity).filter(function (relation) {
+             return relation.isMultipolygon();
+           });
          },
+         childNodes: function childNodes(entity) {
+           if (this._childNodes[entity.id]) return this._childNodes[entity.id];
+           if (!entity.nodes) return [];
+           var nodes = [];
 
-         issueURL(item) {
-           return `${_krUrlRoot}/report_map.php?schema=${item.schema}&error=${item.id}`;
+           for (var i = 0; i < entity.nodes.length; i++) {
+             nodes[i] = this.entity(entity.nodes[i]);
+           }
+           this._childNodes[entity.id] = nodes;
+           return this._childNodes[entity.id];
+         },
+         base: function base() {
+           return {
+             'entities': Object.getPrototypeOf(this.entities),
+             'parentWays': Object.getPrototypeOf(this._parentWays),
+             'parentRels': Object.getPrototypeOf(this._parentRels)
+           };
          },
+         // Unlike other graph methods, rebase mutates in place. This is because it
+         // is used only during the history operation that merges newly downloaded
+         // data into each state. To external consumers, it should appear as if the
+         // graph always contained the newly downloaded data.
+         rebase: function rebase(entities, stack, force) {
+           var base = this.base();
+           var i, j, k, id;
 
-         // Get an array of issues closed during this session.
-         // Used to populate `closed:keepright` changeset tag
-         getClosedIDs() {
-           return Object.keys(_cache.closed).sort();
-         }
+           for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+             var entity = entities[i];
+             if (!entity.visible || !force && base.entities[entity.id]) continue; // Merging data into the base graph
 
-       };
+             base.entities[entity.id] = entity;
 
-       const tiler$1 = utilTiler();
-       const dispatch$2 = dispatch('loaded');
-       const _tileZoom$1 = 14;
-       const _impOsmUrls = {
-         ow: 'https://grab.community.improve-osm.org/directionOfFlowService',
-         mr: 'https://grab.community.improve-osm.org/missingGeoService',
-         tr: 'https://grab.community.improve-osm.org/turnRestrictionService'
-       };
-       let _impOsmData = { icons: {} };
+             this._updateCalculated(undefined, entity, base.parentWays, base.parentRels); // Restore provisionally-deleted nodes that are discovered to have an extant parent
 
 
-       // This gets reassigned if reset
-       let _cache$1;
+             if (entity.type === 'way') {
+               for (j = 0; j < entity.nodes.length; j++) {
+                 id = entity.nodes[j];
 
-       function abortRequest$1(i) {
-         Object.values(i).forEach(controller => {
-           if (controller) {
-             controller.abort();
+                 for (k = 1; k < stack.length; k++) {
+                   var ents = stack[k].entities;
+
+                   if (ents.hasOwnProperty(id) && ents[id] === undefined) {
+                     delete ents[id];
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
+             }
            }
-         });
-       }
 
-       function abortUnwantedRequests$1(cache, tiles) {
-         Object.keys(cache.inflightTile).forEach(k => {
-           const wanted = tiles.find(tile => k === tile.id);
-           if (!wanted) {
-             abortRequest$1(cache.inflightTile[k]);
-             delete cache.inflightTile[k];
+           for (i = 0; i < stack.length; i++) {
+             stack[i]._updateRebased();
            }
-         });
-       }
+         },
+         _updateRebased: function _updateRebased() {
+           var base = this.base();
+           Object.keys(this._parentWays).forEach(function (child) {
+             if (base.parentWays[child]) {
+               base.parentWays[child].forEach(function (id) {
+                 if (!this.entities.hasOwnProperty(id)) {
+                   this._parentWays[child].add(id);
+                 }
+               }, this);
+             }
+           }, this);
+           Object.keys(this._parentRels).forEach(function (child) {
+             if (base.parentRels[child]) {
+               base.parentRels[child].forEach(function (id) {
+                 if (!this.entities.hasOwnProperty(id)) {
+                   this._parentRels[child].add(id);
+                 }
+               }, this);
+             }
+           }, this);
+           this.transients = {}; // this._childNodes is not updated, under the assumption that
+           // ways are always downloaded with their child nodes.
+         },
+         // Updates calculated properties (parentWays, parentRels) for the specified change
+         _updateCalculated: function _updateCalculated(oldentity, entity, parentWays, parentRels) {
+           parentWays = parentWays || this._parentWays;
+           parentRels = parentRels || this._parentRels;
+           var type = entity && entity.type || oldentity && oldentity.type;
+           var removed, added, i;
+
+           if (type === 'way') {
+             // Update parentWays
+             if (oldentity && entity) {
+               removed = utilArrayDifference(oldentity.nodes, entity.nodes);
+               added = utilArrayDifference(entity.nodes, oldentity.nodes);
+             } else if (oldentity) {
+               removed = oldentity.nodes;
+               added = [];
+             } else if (entity) {
+               removed = [];
+               added = entity.nodes;
+             }
+
+             for (i = 0; i < removed.length; i++) {
+               // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
+               parentWays[removed[i]] = new Set(parentWays[removed[i]]);
+               parentWays[removed[i]]["delete"](oldentity.id);
+             }
+
+             for (i = 0; i < added.length; i++) {
+               // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
+               parentWays[added[i]] = new Set(parentWays[added[i]]);
+               parentWays[added[i]].add(entity.id);
+             }
+           } else if (type === 'relation') {
+             // Update parentRels
+             // diff only on the IDs since the same entity can be a member multiple times with different roles
+             var oldentityMemberIDs = oldentity ? oldentity.members.map(function (m) {
+               return m.id;
+             }) : [];
+             var entityMemberIDs = entity ? entity.members.map(function (m) {
+               return m.id;
+             }) : [];
+
+             if (oldentity && entity) {
+               removed = utilArrayDifference(oldentityMemberIDs, entityMemberIDs);
+               added = utilArrayDifference(entityMemberIDs, oldentityMemberIDs);
+             } else if (oldentity) {
+               removed = oldentityMemberIDs;
+               added = [];
+             } else if (entity) {
+               removed = [];
+               added = entityMemberIDs;
+             }
+
+             for (i = 0; i < removed.length; i++) {
+               // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
+               parentRels[removed[i]] = new Set(parentRels[removed[i]]);
+               parentRels[removed[i]]["delete"](oldentity.id);
+             }
+
+             for (i = 0; i < added.length; i++) {
+               // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
+               parentRels[added[i]] = new Set(parentRels[added[i]]);
+               parentRels[added[i]].add(entity.id);
+             }
+           }
+         },
+         replace: function replace(entity) {
+           if (this.entities[entity.id] === entity) return this;
+           return this.update(function () {
+             this._updateCalculated(this.entities[entity.id], entity);
 
-       function encodeIssueRtree$1(d) {
-         return { minX: d.loc[0], minY: d.loc[1], maxX: d.loc[0], maxY: d.loc[1], data: d };
-       }
+             this.entities[entity.id] = entity;
+           });
+         },
+         remove: function remove(entity) {
+           return this.update(function () {
+             this._updateCalculated(entity, undefined);
 
-       // Replace or remove QAItem from rtree
-       function updateRtree$1(item, replace) {
-         _cache$1.rtree.remove(item, (a, b) => a.data.id === b.data.id);
+             this.entities[entity.id] = undefined;
+           });
+         },
+         revert: function revert(id) {
+           var baseEntity = this.base().entities[id];
+           var headEntity = this.entities[id];
+           if (headEntity === baseEntity) return this;
+           return this.update(function () {
+             this._updateCalculated(headEntity, baseEntity);
+
+             delete this.entities[id];
+           });
+         },
+         update: function update() {
+           var graph = this.frozen ? coreGraph(this, true) : this;
 
-         if (replace) {
-           _cache$1.rtree.insert(item);
-         }
-       }
+           for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+             arguments[i].call(graph, graph);
+           }
 
-       function linkErrorObject(d) {
-         return `<a class="error_object_link">${d}</a>`;
-       }
+           if (this.frozen) graph.frozen = true;
+           return graph;
+         },
+         // Obliterates any existing entities
+         load: function load(entities) {
+           var base = this.base();
+           this.entities = Object.create(base.entities);
 
-       function linkEntity(d) {
-         return `<a class="error_entity_link">${d}</a>`;
-       }
+           for (var i in entities) {
+             this.entities[i] = entities[i];
 
-       function pointAverage(points) {
-         if (points.length) {
-           const sum = points.reduce(
-             (acc, point) => geoVecAdd(acc, [point.lon, point.lat]),
-             [0,0]
-           );
-           return geoVecScale(sum, 1 / points.length);
-         } else {
-           return [0,0];
-         }
-       }
+             this._updateCalculated(base.entities[i], this.entities[i]);
+           }
 
-       function relativeBearing(p1, p2) {
-         let angle = Math.atan2(p2.lon - p1.lon, p2.lat - p1.lat);
-         if (angle < 0) {
-           angle += 2 * Math.PI;
+           return this;
          }
+       };
 
-         // Return degrees
-         return angle * 180 / Math.PI;
-       }
-
-       // Assuming range [0,360)
-       function cardinalDirection(bearing) {
-         const dir = 45 * Math.round(bearing / 45);
-         const compass = {
-           0: 'north',
-           45: 'northeast',
-           90: 'east',
-           135: 'southeast',
-           180: 'south',
-           225: 'southwest',
-           270: 'west',
-           315: 'northwest',
-           360: 'north'
-         };
+       function osmTurn(turn) {
+         if (!(this instanceof osmTurn)) {
+           return new osmTurn(turn);
+         }
 
-         return _t(`QA.improveOSM.directions.${compass[dir]}`);
+         Object.assign(this, turn);
        }
+       function osmIntersection(graph, startVertexId, maxDistance) {
+         maxDistance = maxDistance || 30; // in meters
 
-       // Errors shouldn't obscure eachother
-       function preventCoincident(loc, bumpUp) {
-         let coincident = false;
-         do {
-           // first time, move marker up. after that, move marker right.
-           let delta = coincident ? [0.00001, 0] : (bumpUp ? [0, 0.00001] : [0, 0]);
-           loc = geoVecAdd(loc, delta);
-           let bbox = geoExtent(loc).bbox();
-           coincident = _cache$1.rtree.search(bbox).length;
-         } while (coincident);
+         var vgraph = coreGraph(); // virtual graph
 
-         return loc;
-       }
+         var i, j, k;
 
-       var serviceImproveOSM = {
-         title: 'improveOSM',
+         function memberOfRestriction(entity) {
+           return graph.parentRelations(entity).some(function (r) {
+             return r.isRestriction();
+           });
+         }
 
-         init() {
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('qa_data')
-             .then(d => _impOsmData = d.improveOSM);
+         function isRoad(way) {
+           if (way.isArea() || way.isDegenerate()) return false;
+           var roads = {
+             'motorway': true,
+             'motorway_link': true,
+             'trunk': true,
+             'trunk_link': true,
+             'primary': true,
+             'primary_link': true,
+             'secondary': true,
+             'secondary_link': true,
+             'tertiary': true,
+             'tertiary_link': true,
+             'residential': true,
+             'unclassified': true,
+             'living_street': true,
+             'service': true,
+             'road': true,
+             'track': true
+           };
+           return roads[way.tags.highway];
+         }
+
+         var startNode = graph.entity(startVertexId);
+         var checkVertices = [startNode];
+         var checkWays;
+         var vertices = [];
+         var vertexIds = [];
+         var vertex;
+         var ways = [];
+         var wayIds = [];
+         var way;
+         var nodes = [];
+         var node;
+         var parents = [];
+         var parent; // `actions` will store whatever actions must be performed to satisfy
+         // preconditions for adding a turn restriction to this intersection.
+         //  - Remove any existing degenerate turn restrictions (missing from/to, etc)
+         //  - Reverse oneways so that they are drawn in the forward direction
+         //  - Split ways on key vertices
+
+         var actions = []; // STEP 1:  walk the graph outwards from starting vertex to search
+         //  for more key vertices and ways to include in the intersection..
+
+         while (checkVertices.length) {
+           vertex = checkVertices.pop(); // check this vertex for parent ways that are roads
+
+           checkWays = graph.parentWays(vertex);
+           var hasWays = false;
+
+           for (i = 0; i < checkWays.length; i++) {
+             way = checkWays[i];
+             if (!isRoad(way) && !memberOfRestriction(way)) continue;
+             ways.push(way); // it's a road, or it's already in a turn restriction
+
+             hasWays = true; // check the way's children for more key vertices
+
+             nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
+
+             for (j = 0; j < nodes.length; j++) {
+               node = nodes[j];
+               if (node === vertex) continue; // same thing
+
+               if (vertices.indexOf(node) !== -1) continue; // seen it already
+
+               if (geoSphericalDistance(node.loc, startNode.loc) > maxDistance) continue; // too far from start
+               // a key vertex will have parents that are also roads
+
+               var hasParents = false;
+               parents = graph.parentWays(node);
+
+               for (k = 0; k < parents.length; k++) {
+                 parent = parents[k];
+                 if (parent === way) continue; // same thing
+
+                 if (ways.indexOf(parent) !== -1) continue; // seen it already
+
+                 if (!isRoad(parent)) continue; // not a road
+
+                 hasParents = true;
+                 break;
+               }
 
-           if (!_cache$1) {
-             this.reset();
+               if (hasParents) {
+                 checkVertices.push(node);
+               }
+             }
            }
 
-           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$2, 'on');
-         },
-
-         reset() {
-           if (_cache$1) {
-             Object.values(_cache$1.inflightTile).forEach(abortRequest$1);
+           if (hasWays) {
+             vertices.push(vertex);
            }
-           _cache$1 = {
-             data: {},
-             loadedTile: {},
-             inflightTile: {},
-             inflightPost: {},
-             closed: {},
-             rtree: new RBush()
-           };
-         },
+         }
 
-         loadIssues(projection) {
-           const options = {
-             client: 'iD',
-             status: 'OPEN',
-             zoom: '19' // Use a high zoom so that clusters aren't returned
-           };
+         vertices = utilArrayUniq(vertices);
+         ways = utilArrayUniq(ways); // STEP 2:  Build a virtual graph containing only the entities in the intersection..
+         // Everything done after this step should act on the virtual graph
+         // Any actions that must be performed later to the main graph go in `actions` array
 
-           // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
-           const tiles = tiler$1
-             .zoomExtent([_tileZoom$1, _tileZoom$1])
-             .getTiles(projection);
+         ways.forEach(function (way) {
+           graph.childNodes(way).forEach(function (node) {
+             vgraph = vgraph.replace(node);
+           });
+           vgraph = vgraph.replace(way);
+           graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function (relation) {
+             if (relation.isRestriction()) {
+               if (relation.isValidRestriction(graph)) {
+                 vgraph = vgraph.replace(relation);
+               } else if (relation.isComplete(graph)) {
+                 actions.push(actionDeleteRelation(relation.id));
+               }
+             }
+           });
+         }); // STEP 3:  Force all oneways to be drawn in the forward direction
 
-           // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
-           abortUnwantedRequests$1(_cache$1, tiles);
+         ways.forEach(function (w) {
+           var way = vgraph.entity(w.id);
 
-           // issue new requests..
-           tiles.forEach(tile => {
-             if (_cache$1.loadedTile[tile.id] || _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id]) return;
+           if (way.tags.oneway === '-1') {
+             var action = actionReverse(way.id, {
+               reverseOneway: true
+             });
+             actions.push(action);
+             vgraph = action(vgraph);
+           }
+         }); // STEP 4:  Split ways on key vertices
+
+         var origCount = osmEntity.id.next.way;
+         vertices.forEach(function (v) {
+           // This is an odd way to do it, but we need to find all the ways that
+           // will be split here, then split them one at a time to ensure that these
+           // actions can be replayed on the main graph exactly in the same order.
+           // (It is unintuitive, but the order of ways returned from graph.parentWays()
+           // is arbitrary, depending on how the main graph and vgraph were built)
+           var splitAll = actionSplit([v.id]).keepHistoryOn('first');
+
+           if (!splitAll.disabled(vgraph)) {
+             splitAll.ways(vgraph).forEach(function (way) {
+               var splitOne = actionSplit([v.id]).limitWays([way.id]).keepHistoryOn('first');
+               actions.push(splitOne);
+               vgraph = splitOne(vgraph);
+             });
+           }
+         }); // In here is where we should also split the intersection at nearby junction.
+         //   for https://github.com/mapbox/iD-internal/issues/31
+         // nearbyVertices.forEach(function(v) {
+         // });
+         // Reasons why we reset the way id count here:
+         //  1. Continuity with way ids created by the splits so that we can replay
+         //     these actions later if the user decides to create a turn restriction
+         //  2. Avoids churning way ids just by hovering over a vertex
+         //     and displaying the turn restriction editor
 
-             const [ east, north, west, south ] = tile.extent.rectangle();
-             const params = Object.assign({}, options, { east, south, west, north });
+         osmEntity.id.next.way = origCount; // STEP 5:  Update arrays to point to vgraph entities
 
-             // 3 separate requests to store for each tile
-             const requests = {};
+         vertexIds = vertices.map(function (v) {
+           return v.id;
+         });
+         vertices = [];
+         ways = [];
+         vertexIds.forEach(function (id) {
+           var vertex = vgraph.entity(id);
+           var parents = vgraph.parentWays(vertex);
+           vertices.push(vertex);
+           ways = ways.concat(parents);
+         });
+         vertices = utilArrayUniq(vertices);
+         ways = utilArrayUniq(ways);
+         vertexIds = vertices.map(function (v) {
+           return v.id;
+         });
+         wayIds = ways.map(function (w) {
+           return w.id;
+         }); // STEP 6:  Update the ways with some metadata that will be useful for
+         // walking the intersection graph later and rendering turn arrows.
 
-             Object.keys(_impOsmUrls).forEach(k => {
-               // We exclude WATER from missing geometry as it doesn't seem useful
-               // We use most confident one-way and turn restrictions only, still have false positives
-               const kParams = Object.assign({},
-                 params,
-                 (k === 'mr') ? { type: 'PARKING,ROAD,BOTH,PATH' } : { confidenceLevel: 'C1' }
-               );
-               const url = `${_impOsmUrls[k]}/search?` + utilQsString(kParams);
-               const controller = new AbortController();
+         function withMetadata(way, vertexIds) {
+           var __oneWay = way.isOneWay(); // which affixes are key vertices?
 
-               requests[k] = controller;
 
-               d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
-                 .then(data => {
-                   delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id][k];
-                   if (!Object.keys(_cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id]).length) {
-                     delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id];
-                     _cache$1.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
-                   }
+           var __first = vertexIds.indexOf(way.first()) !== -1;
 
-                   // Road segments at high zoom == oneways
-                   if (data.roadSegments) {
-                     data.roadSegments.forEach(feature => {
-                       // Position error at the approximate middle of the segment
-                       const { points, wayId, fromNodeId, toNodeId } = feature;
-                       const itemId = `${wayId}${fromNodeId}${toNodeId}`;
-                       let mid = points.length / 2;
-                       let loc;
-
-                       // Even number of points, find midpoint of the middle two
-                       // Odd number of points, use position of very middle point
-                       if (mid % 1 === 0) {
-                         loc = pointAverage([points[mid - 1], points[mid]]);
-                       } else {
-                         mid = points[Math.floor(mid)];
-                         loc = [mid.lon, mid.lat];
-                       }
+           var __last = vertexIds.indexOf(way.last()) !== -1; // what roles is this way eligible for?
 
-                       // One-ways can land on same segment in opposite direction
-                       loc = preventCoincident(loc, false);
-
-                       let d = new QAItem(loc, this, k, itemId, {
-                         issueKey: k, // used as a category
-                         identifier: { // used to post changes
-                           wayId,
-                           fromNodeId,
-                           toNodeId
-                         },
-                         objectId: wayId,
-                         objectType: 'way'
-                       });
 
-                       // Variables used in the description
-                       d.replacements = {
-                         percentage: feature.percentOfTrips,
-                         num_trips: feature.numberOfTrips,
-                         highway: linkErrorObject(_t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.highway')),
-                         from_node: linkEntity('n' + feature.fromNodeId),
-                         to_node: linkEntity('n' + feature.toNodeId)
-                       };
+           var __via = __first && __last;
 
-                       _cache$1.data[d.id] = d;
-                       _cache$1.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$1(d));
-                     });
-                   }
+           var __from = __first && !__oneWay || __last;
 
-                   // Tiles at high zoom == missing roads
-                   if (data.tiles) {
-                     data.tiles.forEach(feature => {
-                       const { type, x, y, numberOfTrips } = feature;
-                       const geoType = type.toLowerCase();
-                       const itemId = `${geoType}${x}${y}${numberOfTrips}`;
-
-                       // Average of recorded points should land on the missing geometry
-                       // Missing geometry could happen to land on another error
-                       let loc = pointAverage(feature.points);
-                       loc = preventCoincident(loc, false);
-
-                       let d = new QAItem(loc, this, `${k}-${geoType}`, itemId, {
-                         issueKey: k,
-                         identifier: { x, y }
-                       });
+           var __to = __first || __last && !__oneWay;
 
-                       d.replacements = {
-                         num_trips: numberOfTrips,
-                         geometry_type: _t(`QA.improveOSM.geometry_types.${geoType}`)
-                       };
+           return way.update({
+             __first: __first,
+             __last: __last,
+             __from: __from,
+             __via: __via,
+             __to: __to,
+             __oneWay: __oneWay
+           });
+         }
 
-                       // -1 trips indicates data came from a 3rd party
-                       if (numberOfTrips === -1) {
-                         d.desc = _t('QA.improveOSM.error_types.mr.description_alt', d.replacements);
-                       }
+         ways = [];
+         wayIds.forEach(function (id) {
+           var way = withMetadata(vgraph.entity(id), vertexIds);
+           vgraph = vgraph.replace(way);
+           ways.push(way);
+         }); // STEP 7:  Simplify - This is an iterative process where we:
+         //  1. Find trivial vertices with only 2 parents
+         //  2. trim off the leaf way from those vertices and remove from vgraph
 
-                       _cache$1.data[d.id] = d;
-                       _cache$1.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$1(d));
-                     });
-                   }
+         var keepGoing;
+         var removeWayIds = [];
+         var removeVertexIds = [];
 
-                   // Entities at high zoom == turn restrictions
-                   if (data.entities) {
-                     data.entities.forEach(feature => {
-                       const { point, id, segments, numberOfPasses, turnType } = feature;
-                       const itemId = `${id.replace(/[,:+#]/g, '_')}`;
-
-                       // Turn restrictions could be missing at same junction
-                       // We also want to bump the error up so node is accessible
-                       const loc = preventCoincident([point.lon, point.lat], true);
-
-                       // Elements are presented in a strange way
-                       const ids = id.split(',');
-                       const from_way = ids[0];
-                       const via_node = ids[3];
-                       const to_way = ids[2].split(':')[1];
-
-                       let d = new QAItem(loc, this, k, itemId, {
-                         issueKey: k,
-                         identifier: id,
-                         objectId: via_node,
-                         objectType: 'node'
-                       });
+         do {
+           keepGoing = false;
+           checkVertices = vertexIds.slice();
 
-                       // Travel direction along from_way clarifies the turn restriction
-                       const [ p1, p2 ] = segments[0].points;
-                       const dir_of_travel = cardinalDirection(relativeBearing(p1, p2));
-
-                       // Variables used in the description
-                       d.replacements = {
-                         num_passed: numberOfPasses,
-                         num_trips: segments[0].numberOfTrips,
-                         turn_restriction: turnType.toLowerCase(),
-                         from_way: linkEntity('w' + from_way),
-                         to_way: linkEntity('w' + to_way),
-                         travel_direction: dir_of_travel,
-                         junction: linkErrorObject(_t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.this_node'))
-                       };
+           for (i = 0; i < checkVertices.length; i++) {
+             var vertexId = checkVertices[i];
+             vertex = vgraph.hasEntity(vertexId);
 
-                       _cache$1.data[d.id] = d;
-                       _cache$1.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$1(d));
-                       dispatch$2.call('loaded');
-                     });
-                   }
-                 })
-                 .catch(() => {
-                   delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id][k];
-                   if (!Object.keys(_cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id]).length) {
-                     delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id];
-                     _cache$1.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
-                   }
-                 });
-             });
+             if (!vertex) {
+               if (vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId) !== -1) {
+                 vertexIds.splice(vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId), 1); // stop checking this one
+               }
 
-             _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id] = requests;
-           });
-         },
+               removeVertexIds.push(vertexId);
+               continue;
+             }
 
-         getComments(item) {
-           // If comments already retrieved no need to do so again
-           if (item.comments) {
-             return Promise.resolve(item);
-           }
+             parents = vgraph.parentWays(vertex);
 
-           const key = item.issueKey;
-           let qParams = {};
+             if (parents.length < 3) {
+               if (vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId) !== -1) {
+                 vertexIds.splice(vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId), 1); // stop checking this one
+               }
+             }
 
-           if (key === 'ow') {
-             qParams = item.identifier;
-           } else if (key === 'mr') {
-             qParams.tileX = item.identifier.x;
-             qParams.tileY = item.identifier.y;
-           } else if (key === 'tr') {
-             qParams.targetId = item.identifier;
-           }
+             if (parents.length === 2) {
+               // vertex with 2 parents is trivial
+               var a = parents[0];
+               var b = parents[1];
+               var aIsLeaf = a && !a.__via;
+               var bIsLeaf = b && !b.__via;
+               var leaf, survivor;
 
-           const url = `${_impOsmUrls[key]}/retrieveComments?` + utilQsString(qParams);
-           const cacheComments = data => {
-             // Assign directly for immediate use afterwards
-             // comments are served newest to oldest
-             item.comments = data.comments ? data.comments.reverse() : [];
-             this.replaceItem(item);
-           };
+               if (aIsLeaf && !bIsLeaf) {
+                 leaf = a;
+                 survivor = b;
+               } else if (!aIsLeaf && bIsLeaf) {
+                 leaf = b;
+                 survivor = a;
+               }
 
-           return d3_json(url).then(cacheComments).then(() => item);
-         },
+               if (leaf && survivor) {
+                 survivor = withMetadata(survivor, vertexIds); // update survivor way
 
-         postUpdate(d, callback) {
-           if (!serviceOsm.authenticated()) { // Username required in payload
-             return callback({ message: 'Not Authenticated', status: -3}, d);
-           }
-           if (_cache$1.inflightPost[d.id]) {
-             return callback({ message: 'Error update already inflight', status: -2 }, d);
-           }
+                 vgraph = vgraph.replace(survivor).remove(leaf); // update graph
 
-           // Payload can only be sent once username is established
-           serviceOsm.userDetails(sendPayload.bind(this));
+                 removeWayIds.push(leaf.id);
+                 keepGoing = true;
+               }
+             }
 
-           function sendPayload(err, user) {
-             if (err) { return callback(err, d); }
+             parents = vgraph.parentWays(vertex);
 
-             const key = d.issueKey;
-             const url = `${_impOsmUrls[key]}/comment`;
-             const payload = {
-               username: user.display_name,
-               targetIds: [ d.identifier ]
-             };
+             if (parents.length < 2) {
+               // vertex is no longer a key vertex
+               if (vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId) !== -1) {
+                 vertexIds.splice(vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId), 1); // stop checking this one
+               }
 
-             if (d.newStatus) {
-               payload.status = d.newStatus;
-               payload.text = 'status changed';
+               removeVertexIds.push(vertexId);
+               keepGoing = true;
              }
 
-             // Comment take place of default text
-             if (d.newComment) {
-               payload.text = d.newComment;
+             if (parents.length < 1) {
+               // vertex is no longer attached to anything
+               vgraph = vgraph.remove(vertex);
              }
+           }
+         } while (keepGoing);
 
-             const controller = new AbortController();
-             _cache$1.inflightPost[d.id] = controller;
+         vertices = vertices.filter(function (vertex) {
+           return removeVertexIds.indexOf(vertex.id) === -1;
+         }).map(function (vertex) {
+           return vgraph.entity(vertex.id);
+         });
+         ways = ways.filter(function (way) {
+           return removeWayIds.indexOf(way.id) === -1;
+         }).map(function (way) {
+           return vgraph.entity(way.id);
+         }); // OK!  Here is our intersection..
+
+         var intersection = {
+           graph: vgraph,
+           actions: actions,
+           vertices: vertices,
+           ways: ways
+         }; // Get all the valid turns through this intersection given a starting way id.
+         // This operates on the virtual graph for everything.
+         //
+         // Basically, walk through all possible paths from starting way,
+         //   honoring the existing turn restrictions as we go (watch out for loops!)
+         //
+         // For each path found, generate and return a `osmTurn` datastructure.
+         //
 
-             const options = {
-               method: 'POST',
-               signal: controller.signal,
-               body: JSON.stringify(payload)
-             };
+         intersection.turns = function (fromWayId, maxViaWay) {
+           if (!fromWayId) return [];
+           if (!maxViaWay) maxViaWay = 0;
+           var vgraph = intersection.graph;
+           var keyVertexIds = intersection.vertices.map(function (v) {
+             return v.id;
+           });
+           var start = vgraph.entity(fromWayId);
+           if (!start || !(start.__from || start.__via)) return []; // maxViaWay=0   from-*-to              (0 vias)
+           // maxViaWay=1   from-*-via-*-to        (1 via max)
+           // maxViaWay=2   from-*-via-*-via-*-to  (2 vias max)
 
-             d3_json(url, options)
-               .then(() => {
-                 delete _cache$1.inflightPost[d.id];
+           var maxPathLength = maxViaWay * 2 + 3;
+           var turns = [];
+           step(start);
+           return turns; // traverse the intersection graph and find all the valid paths
 
-                 // Just a comment, update error in cache
-                 if (!d.newStatus) {
-                   const now = new Date();
-                   let comments = d.comments ? d.comments : [];
+           function step(entity, currPath, currRestrictions, matchedRestriction) {
+             currPath = (currPath || []).slice(); // shallow copy
 
-                   comments.push({
-                     username: payload.username,
-                     text: payload.text,
-                     timestamp: now.getTime() / 1000
-                   });
+             if (currPath.length >= maxPathLength) return;
+             currPath.push(entity.id);
+             currRestrictions = (currRestrictions || []).slice(); // shallow copy
 
-                   this.replaceItem(d.update({
-                     comments: comments,
-                     newComment: undefined
-                   }));
-                 } else {
-                   this.removeItem(d);
-                   if (d.newStatus === 'SOLVED') {
-                     // Keep track of the number of issues closed per type to tag the changeset
-                     if (!(d.issueKey in _cache$1.closed)) {
-                       _cache$1.closed[d.issueKey] = 0;
-                     }
-                     _cache$1.closed[d.issueKey] += 1;
-                   }
-                 }
-                 if (callback) callback(null, d);
-               })
-               .catch(err => {
-                 delete _cache$1.inflightPost[d.id];
-                 if (callback) callback(err.message);
-               });
-           }
-         },
+             var i, j;
 
+             if (entity.type === 'node') {
+               var parents = vgraph.parentWays(entity);
+               var nextWays = []; // which ways can we step into?
 
-         // Get all cached QAItems covering the viewport
-         getItems(projection) {
-           const viewport = projection.clipExtent();
-           const min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
-           const max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
-           const bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+               for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
+                 var way = parents[i]; // if next way is a oneway incoming to this vertex, skip
 
-           return _cache$1.rtree.search(bbox).map(d => d.data);
-         },
+                 if (way.__oneWay && way.nodes[0] !== entity.id) continue; // if we have seen it before (allowing for an initial u-turn), skip
 
-         // Get a QAItem from cache
-         // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
-         getError(id) {
-           return _cache$1.data[id];
-         },
+                 if (currPath.indexOf(way.id) !== -1 && currPath.length >= 3) continue; // Check all "current" restrictions (where we've already walked the `FROM`)
 
-         // get the name of the icon to display for this item
-         getIcon(itemType) {
-           return _impOsmData.icons[itemType];
-         },
+                 var restrict = null;
 
-         // Replace a single QAItem in the cache
-         replaceItem(issue) {
-           if (!(issue instanceof QAItem) || !issue.id) return;
+                 for (j = 0; j < currRestrictions.length; j++) {
+                   var restriction = currRestrictions[j];
+                   var f = restriction.memberByRole('from');
+                   var v = restriction.membersByRole('via');
+                   var t = restriction.memberByRole('to');
+                   var isOnly = /^only_/.test(restriction.tags.restriction); // Does the current path match this turn restriction?
 
-           _cache$1.data[issue.id] = issue;
-           updateRtree$1(encodeIssueRtree$1(issue), true); // true = replace
-           return issue;
-         },
+                   var matchesFrom = f.id === fromWayId;
+                   var matchesViaTo = false;
+                   var isAlongOnlyPath = false;
 
-         // Remove a single QAItem from the cache
-         removeItem(issue) {
-           if (!(issue instanceof QAItem) || !issue.id) return;
+                   if (t.id === way.id) {
+                     // match TO
+                     if (v.length === 1 && v[0].type === 'node') {
+                       // match VIA node
+                       matchesViaTo = v[0].id === entity.id && (matchesFrom && currPath.length === 2 || !matchesFrom && currPath.length > 2);
+                     } else {
+                       // match all VIA ways
+                       var pathVias = [];
 
-           delete _cache$1.data[issue.id];
-           updateRtree$1(encodeIssueRtree$1(issue), false); // false = remove
-         },
+                       for (k = 2; k < currPath.length; k += 2) {
+                         // k = 2 skips FROM
+                         pathVias.push(currPath[k]); // (path goes way-node-way...)
+                       }
 
-         // Used to populate `closed:improveosm:*` changeset tags
-         getClosedCounts() {
-           return _cache$1.closed;
-         }
-       };
+                       var restrictionVias = [];
 
-       var defaults = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
-       function getDefaults() {
-         return {
-           baseUrl: null,
-           breaks: false,
-           gfm: true,
-           headerIds: true,
-           headerPrefix: '',
-           highlight: null,
-           langPrefix: 'language-',
-           mangle: true,
-           pedantic: false,
-           renderer: null,
-           sanitize: false,
-           sanitizer: null,
-           silent: false,
-           smartLists: false,
-           smartypants: false,
-           tokenizer: null,
-           xhtml: false
-         };
-       }
+                       for (k = 0; k < v.length; k++) {
+                         if (v[k].type === 'way') {
+                           restrictionVias.push(v[k].id);
+                         }
+                       }
 
-       function changeDefaults(newDefaults) {
-         module.exports.defaults = newDefaults;
-       }
+                       var diff = utilArrayDifference(pathVias, restrictionVias);
+                       matchesViaTo = !diff.length;
+                     }
+                   } else if (isOnly) {
+                     for (k = 0; k < v.length; k++) {
+                       // way doesn't match TO, but is one of the via ways along the path of an "only"
+                       if (v[k].type === 'way' && v[k].id === way.id) {
+                         isAlongOnlyPath = true;
+                         break;
+                       }
+                     }
+                   }
 
-       module.exports = {
-         defaults: getDefaults(),
-         getDefaults,
-         changeDefaults
-       };
-       });
+                   if (matchesViaTo) {
+                     if (isOnly) {
+                       restrict = {
+                         id: restriction.id,
+                         direct: matchesFrom,
+                         from: f.id,
+                         only: true,
+                         end: true
+                       };
+                     } else {
+                       restrict = {
+                         id: restriction.id,
+                         direct: matchesFrom,
+                         from: f.id,
+                         no: true,
+                         end: true
+                       };
+                     }
+                   } else {
+                     // indirect - caused by a different nearby restriction
+                     if (isAlongOnlyPath) {
+                       restrict = {
+                         id: restriction.id,
+                         direct: false,
+                         from: f.id,
+                         only: true,
+                         end: false
+                       };
+                     } else if (isOnly) {
+                       restrict = {
+                         id: restriction.id,
+                         direct: false,
+                         from: f.id,
+                         no: true,
+                         end: true
+                       };
+                     }
+                   } // stop looking if we find a "direct" restriction (matching FROM, VIA, TO)
 
-       /**
-        * Helpers
-        */
-       const escapeTest = /[&<>"']/;
-       const escapeReplace = /[&<>"']/g;
-       const escapeTestNoEncode = /[<>"']|&(?!#?\w+;)/;
-       const escapeReplaceNoEncode = /[<>"']|&(?!#?\w+;)/g;
-       const escapeReplacements = {
-         '&': '&amp;',
-         '<': '&lt;',
-         '>': '&gt;',
-         '"': '&quot;',
-         "'": '&#39;'
-       };
-       const getEscapeReplacement = (ch) => escapeReplacements[ch];
-       function escape$1(html, encode) {
-         if (encode) {
-           if (escapeTest.test(html)) {
-             return html.replace(escapeReplace, getEscapeReplacement);
-           }
-         } else {
-           if (escapeTestNoEncode.test(html)) {
-             return html.replace(escapeReplaceNoEncode, getEscapeReplacement);
-           }
-         }
 
-         return html;
-       }
+                   if (restrict && restrict.direct) break;
+                 }
 
-       const unescapeTest = /&(#(?:\d+)|(?:#x[0-9A-Fa-f]+)|(?:\w+));?/ig;
+                 nextWays.push({
+                   way: way,
+                   restrict: restrict
+                 });
+               }
 
-       function unescape$1(html) {
-         // explicitly match decimal, hex, and named HTML entities
-         return html.replace(unescapeTest, (_, n) => {
-           n = n.toLowerCase();
-           if (n === 'colon') return ':';
-           if (n.charAt(0) === '#') {
-             return n.charAt(1) === 'x'
-               ? String.fromCharCode(parseInt(n.substring(2), 16))
-               : String.fromCharCode(+n.substring(1));
-           }
-           return '';
-         });
-       }
+               nextWays.forEach(function (nextWay) {
+                 step(nextWay.way, currPath, currRestrictions, nextWay.restrict);
+               });
+             } else {
+               // entity.type === 'way'
+               if (currPath.length >= 3) {
+                 // this is a "complete" path..
+                 var turnPath = currPath.slice(); // shallow copy
+                 // an indirect restriction - only include the partial path (starting at FROM)
+
+                 if (matchedRestriction && matchedRestriction.direct === false) {
+                   for (i = 0; i < turnPath.length; i++) {
+                     if (turnPath[i] === matchedRestriction.from) {
+                       turnPath = turnPath.slice(i);
+                       break;
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
 
-       const caret = /(^|[^\[])\^/g;
-       function edit(regex, opt) {
-         regex = regex.source || regex;
-         opt = opt || '';
-         const obj = {
-           replace: (name, val) => {
-             val = val.source || val;
-             val = val.replace(caret, '$1');
-             regex = regex.replace(name, val);
-             return obj;
-           },
-           getRegex: () => {
-             return new RegExp(regex, opt);
-           }
-         };
-         return obj;
-       }
+                 var turn = pathToTurn(turnPath);
 
-       const nonWordAndColonTest = /[^\w:]/g;
-       const originIndependentUrl = /^$|^[a-z][a-z0-9+.-]*:|^[?#]/i;
-       function cleanUrl(sanitize, base, href) {
-         if (sanitize) {
-           let prot;
-           try {
-             prot = decodeURIComponent(unescape$1(href))
-               .replace(nonWordAndColonTest, '')
-               .toLowerCase();
-           } catch (e) {
-             return null;
-           }
-           if (prot.indexOf('javascript:') === 0 || prot.indexOf('vbscript:') === 0 || prot.indexOf('data:') === 0) {
-             return null;
-           }
-         }
-         if (base && !originIndependentUrl.test(href)) {
-           href = resolveUrl(base, href);
-         }
-         try {
-           href = encodeURI(href).replace(/%25/g, '%');
-         } catch (e) {
-           return null;
-         }
-         return href;
-       }
+                 if (turn) {
+                   if (matchedRestriction) {
+                     turn.restrictionID = matchedRestriction.id;
+                     turn.no = matchedRestriction.no;
+                     turn.only = matchedRestriction.only;
+                     turn.direct = matchedRestriction.direct;
+                   }
 
-       const baseUrls = {};
-       const justDomain = /^[^:]+:\/*[^/]*$/;
-       const protocol = /^([^:]+:)[\s\S]*$/;
-       const domain = /^([^:]+:\/*[^/]*)[\s\S]*$/;
+                   turns.push(osmTurn(turn));
+                 }
 
-       function resolveUrl(base, href) {
-         if (!baseUrls[' ' + base]) {
-           // we can ignore everything in base after the last slash of its path component,
-           // but we might need to add _that_
-           // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3
-           if (justDomain.test(base)) {
-             baseUrls[' ' + base] = base + '/';
-           } else {
-             baseUrls[' ' + base] = rtrim(base, '/', true);
-           }
-         }
-         base = baseUrls[' ' + base];
-         const relativeBase = base.indexOf(':') === -1;
+                 if (currPath[0] === currPath[2]) return; // if we made a u-turn - stop here
+               }
 
-         if (href.substring(0, 2) === '//') {
-           if (relativeBase) {
-             return href;
-           }
-           return base.replace(protocol, '$1') + href;
-         } else if (href.charAt(0) === '/') {
-           if (relativeBase) {
-             return href;
-           }
-           return base.replace(domain, '$1') + href;
-         } else {
-           return base + href;
-         }
-       }
+               if (matchedRestriction && matchedRestriction.end) return; // don't advance any further
+               // which nodes can we step into?
 
-       const noopTest = { exec: function noopTest() {} };
+               var n1 = vgraph.entity(entity.first());
+               var n2 = vgraph.entity(entity.last());
+               var dist = geoSphericalDistance(n1.loc, n2.loc);
+               var nextNodes = [];
 
-       function merge$1(obj) {
-         let i = 1,
-           target,
-           key;
+               if (currPath.length > 1) {
+                 if (dist > maxDistance) return; // the next node is too far
 
-         for (; i < arguments.length; i++) {
-           target = arguments[i];
-           for (key in target) {
-             if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(target, key)) {
-               obj[key] = target[key];
-             }
-           }
-         }
+                 if (!entity.__via) return; // this way is a leaf / can't be a via
+               }
 
-         return obj;
-       }
+               if (!entity.__oneWay && // bidirectional..
+               keyVertexIds.indexOf(n1.id) !== -1 && // key vertex..
+               currPath.indexOf(n1.id) === -1) {
+                 // haven't seen it yet..
+                 nextNodes.push(n1); // can advance to first node
+               }
 
-       function splitCells(tableRow, count) {
-         // ensure that every cell-delimiting pipe has a space
-         // before it to distinguish it from an escaped pipe
-         const row = tableRow.replace(/\|/g, (match, offset, str) => {
-             let escaped = false,
-               curr = offset;
-             while (--curr >= 0 && str[curr] === '\\') escaped = !escaped;
-             if (escaped) {
-               // odd number of slashes means | is escaped
-               // so we leave it alone
-               return '|';
-             } else {
-               // add space before unescaped |
-               return ' |';
-             }
-           }),
-           cells = row.split(/ \|/);
-         let i = 0;
+               if (keyVertexIds.indexOf(n2.id) !== -1 && // key vertex..
+               currPath.indexOf(n2.id) === -1) {
+                 // haven't seen it yet..
+                 nextNodes.push(n2); // can advance to last node
+               }
 
-         if (cells.length > count) {
-           cells.splice(count);
-         } else {
-           while (cells.length < count) cells.push('');
-         }
+               nextNodes.forEach(function (nextNode) {
+                 // gather restrictions FROM this way
+                 var fromRestrictions = vgraph.parentRelations(entity).filter(function (r) {
+                   if (!r.isRestriction()) return false;
+                   var f = r.memberByRole('from');
+                   if (!f || f.id !== entity.id) return false;
+                   var isOnly = /^only_/.test(r.tags.restriction);
+                   if (!isOnly) return true; // `only_` restrictions only matter along the direction of the VIA - #4849
 
-         for (; i < cells.length; i++) {
-           // leading or trailing whitespace is ignored per the gfm spec
-           cells[i] = cells[i].trim().replace(/\\\|/g, '|');
-         }
-         return cells;
-       }
+                   var isOnlyVia = false;
+                   var v = r.membersByRole('via');
 
-       // Remove trailing 'c's. Equivalent to str.replace(/c*$/, '').
-       // /c*$/ is vulnerable to REDOS.
-       // invert: Remove suffix of non-c chars instead. Default falsey.
-       function rtrim(str, c, invert) {
-         const l = str.length;
-         if (l === 0) {
-           return '';
-         }
+                   if (v.length === 1 && v[0].type === 'node') {
+                     // via node
+                     isOnlyVia = v[0].id === nextNode.id;
+                   } else {
+                     // via way(s)
+                     for (var i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
+                       if (v[i].type !== 'way') continue;
+                       var viaWay = vgraph.entity(v[i].id);
 
-         // Length of suffix matching the invert condition.
-         let suffLen = 0;
+                       if (viaWay.first() === nextNode.id || viaWay.last() === nextNode.id) {
+                         isOnlyVia = true;
+                         break;
+                       }
+                     }
+                   }
 
-         // Step left until we fail to match the invert condition.
-         while (suffLen < l) {
-           const currChar = str.charAt(l - suffLen - 1);
-           if (currChar === c && !invert) {
-             suffLen++;
-           } else if (currChar !== c && invert) {
-             suffLen++;
-           } else {
-             break;
-           }
-         }
+                   return isOnlyVia;
+                 });
+                 step(nextNode, currPath, currRestrictions.concat(fromRestrictions), false);
+               });
+             }
+           } // assumes path is alternating way-node-way of odd length
 
-         return str.substr(0, l - suffLen);
-       }
 
-       function findClosingBracket(str, b) {
-         if (str.indexOf(b[1]) === -1) {
-           return -1;
-         }
-         const l = str.length;
-         let level = 0,
-           i = 0;
-         for (; i < l; i++) {
-           if (str[i] === '\\') {
-             i++;
-           } else if (str[i] === b[0]) {
-             level++;
-           } else if (str[i] === b[1]) {
-             level--;
-             if (level < 0) {
-               return i;
+           function pathToTurn(path) {
+             if (path.length < 3) return;
+             var fromWayId, fromNodeId, fromVertexId;
+             var toWayId, toNodeId, toVertexId;
+             var viaWayIds, viaNodeId, isUturn;
+             fromWayId = path[0];
+             toWayId = path[path.length - 1];
+
+             if (path.length === 3 && fromWayId === toWayId) {
+               // u turn
+               var way = vgraph.entity(fromWayId);
+               if (way.__oneWay) return null;
+               isUturn = true;
+               viaNodeId = fromVertexId = toVertexId = path[1];
+               fromNodeId = toNodeId = adjacentNode(fromWayId, viaNodeId);
+             } else {
+               isUturn = false;
+               fromVertexId = path[1];
+               fromNodeId = adjacentNode(fromWayId, fromVertexId);
+               toVertexId = path[path.length - 2];
+               toNodeId = adjacentNode(toWayId, toVertexId);
+
+               if (path.length === 3) {
+                 viaNodeId = path[1];
+               } else {
+                 viaWayIds = path.filter(function (entityId) {
+                   return entityId[0] === 'w';
+                 });
+                 viaWayIds = viaWayIds.slice(1, viaWayIds.length - 1); // remove first, last
+               }
+             }
+
+             return {
+               key: path.join('_'),
+               path: path,
+               from: {
+                 node: fromNodeId,
+                 way: fromWayId,
+                 vertex: fromVertexId
+               },
+               via: {
+                 node: viaNodeId,
+                 ways: viaWayIds
+               },
+               to: {
+                 node: toNodeId,
+                 way: toWayId,
+                 vertex: toVertexId
+               },
+               u: isUturn
+             };
+
+             function adjacentNode(wayId, affixId) {
+               var nodes = vgraph.entity(wayId).nodes;
+               return affixId === nodes[0] ? nodes[1] : nodes[nodes.length - 2];
              }
            }
-         }
-         return -1;
-       }
+         };
 
-       function checkSanitizeDeprecation(opt) {
-         if (opt && opt.sanitize && !opt.silent) {
-           console.warn('marked(): sanitize and sanitizer parameters are deprecated since version 0.7.0, should not be used and will be removed in the future. Read more here: https://marked.js.org/#/USING_ADVANCED.md#options');
-         }
+         return intersection;
        }
+       function osmInferRestriction(graph, turn, projection) {
+         var fromWay = graph.entity(turn.from.way);
+         var fromNode = graph.entity(turn.from.node);
+         var fromVertex = graph.entity(turn.from.vertex);
+         var toWay = graph.entity(turn.to.way);
+         var toNode = graph.entity(turn.to.node);
+         var toVertex = graph.entity(turn.to.vertex);
+         var fromOneWay = fromWay.tags.oneway === 'yes';
+         var toOneWay = toWay.tags.oneway === 'yes';
+         var angle = (geoAngle(fromVertex, fromNode, projection) - geoAngle(toVertex, toNode, projection)) * 180 / Math.PI;
 
-       var helpers = {
-         escape: escape$1,
-         unescape: unescape$1,
-         edit,
-         cleanUrl,
-         resolveUrl,
-         noopTest,
-         merge: merge$1,
-         splitCells,
-         rtrim,
-         findClosingBracket,
-         checkSanitizeDeprecation
-       };
-
-       const { defaults: defaults$1 } = defaults;
-       const {
-         rtrim: rtrim$1,
-         splitCells: splitCells$1,
-         escape: escape$2,
-         findClosingBracket: findClosingBracket$1
-       } = helpers;
+         while (angle < 0) {
+           angle += 360;
+         }
 
-       function outputLink(cap, link, raw) {
-         const href = link.href;
-         const title = link.title ? escape$2(link.title) : null;
+         if (fromNode === toNode) {
+           return 'no_u_turn';
+         }
 
-         if (cap[0].charAt(0) !== '!') {
-           return {
-             type: 'link',
-             raw,
-             href,
-             title,
-             text: cap[1]
-           };
-         } else {
-           return {
-             type: 'image',
-             raw,
-             text: escape$2(cap[1]),
-             href,
-             title
-           };
+         if ((angle < 23 || angle > 336) && fromOneWay && toOneWay) {
+           return 'no_u_turn'; // wider tolerance for u-turn if both ways are oneway
          }
-       }
 
-       /**
-        * Tokenizer
-        */
-       var Tokenizer_1 = class Tokenizer {
-         constructor(options) {
-           this.options = options || defaults$1;
+         if ((angle < 40 || angle > 319) && fromOneWay && toOneWay && turn.from.vertex !== turn.to.vertex) {
+           return 'no_u_turn'; // even wider tolerance for u-turn if there is a via way (from !== to)
          }
 
-         space(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.block.newline.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             if (cap[0].length > 1) {
-               return {
-                 type: 'space',
-                 raw: cap[0]
-               };
-             }
-             return { raw: '\n' };
-           }
+         if (angle < 158) {
+           return 'no_right_turn';
          }
 
-         code(src, tokens) {
-           const cap = this.rules.block.code.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             const lastToken = tokens[tokens.length - 1];
-             // An indented code block cannot interrupt a paragraph.
-             if (lastToken && lastToken.type === 'paragraph') {
-               tokens.pop();
-               lastToken.text += '\n' + cap[0].trimRight();
-               lastToken.raw += '\n' + cap[0];
-               return lastToken;
+         if (angle > 202) {
+           return 'no_left_turn';
+         }
+
+         return 'no_straight_on';
+       }
+
+       function actionMergePolygon(ids, newRelationId) {
+         function groupEntities(graph) {
+           var entities = ids.map(function (id) {
+             return graph.entity(id);
+           });
+           var geometryGroups = utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function (entity) {
+             if (entity.type === 'way' && entity.isClosed()) {
+               return 'closedWay';
+             } else if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
+               return 'multipolygon';
              } else {
-               const text = cap[0].replace(/^ {4}/gm, '');
-               return {
-                 type: 'code',
-                 raw: cap[0],
-                 codeBlockStyle: 'indented',
-                 text: !this.options.pedantic
-                   ? rtrim$1(text, '\n')
-                   : text
-               };
+               return 'other';
              }
-           }
+           });
+           return Object.assign({
+             closedWay: [],
+             multipolygon: [],
+             other: []
+           }, geometryGroups);
          }
 
-         fences(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.block.fences.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             return {
-               type: 'code',
-               raw: cap[0],
-               lang: cap[2] ? cap[2].trim() : cap[2],
-               text: cap[3] || ''
-             };
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var entities = groupEntities(graph); // An array representing all the polygons that are part of the multipolygon.
+           //
+           // Each element is itself an array of objects with an id property, and has a
+           // locs property which is an array of the locations forming the polygon.
+
+           var polygons = entities.multipolygon.reduce(function (polygons, m) {
+             return polygons.concat(osmJoinWays(m.members, graph));
+           }, []).concat(entities.closedWay.map(function (d) {
+             var member = [{
+               id: d.id
+             }];
+             member.nodes = graph.childNodes(d);
+             return member;
+           })); // contained is an array of arrays of boolean values,
+           // where contained[j][k] is true iff the jth way is
+           // contained by the kth way.
+
+           var contained = polygons.map(function (w, i) {
+             return polygons.map(function (d, n) {
+               if (i === n) return null;
+               return geoPolygonContainsPolygon(d.nodes.map(function (n) {
+                 return n.loc;
+               }), w.nodes.map(function (n) {
+                 return n.loc;
+               }));
+             });
+           }); // Sort all polygons as either outer or inner ways
+
+           var members = [];
+           var outer = true;
+
+           while (polygons.length) {
+             extractUncontained(polygons);
+             polygons = polygons.filter(isContained);
+             contained = contained.filter(isContained).map(filterContained);
            }
-         }
 
-         heading(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.block.heading.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             return {
-               type: 'heading',
-               raw: cap[0],
-               depth: cap[1].length,
-               text: cap[2]
-             };
+           function isContained(d, i) {
+             return contained[i].some(function (val) {
+               return val;
+             });
            }
-         }
 
-         nptable(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.block.nptable.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             const item = {
-               type: 'table',
-               header: splitCells$1(cap[1].replace(/^ *| *\| *$/g, '')),
-               align: cap[2].replace(/^ *|\| *$/g, '').split(/ *\| */),
-               cells: cap[3] ? cap[3].replace(/\n$/, '').split('\n') : [],
-               raw: cap[0]
-             };
+           function filterContained(d) {
+             return d.filter(isContained);
+           }
 
-             if (item.header.length === item.align.length) {
-               let l = item.align.length;
-               let i;
-               for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-                 if (/^ *-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
-                   item.align[i] = 'right';
-                 } else if (/^ *:-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
-                   item.align[i] = 'center';
-                 } else if (/^ *:-+ *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
-                   item.align[i] = 'left';
-                 } else {
-                   item.align[i] = null;
-                 }
+           function extractUncontained(polygons) {
+             polygons.forEach(function (d, i) {
+               if (!isContained(d, i)) {
+                 d.forEach(function (member) {
+                   members.push({
+                     type: 'way',
+                     id: member.id,
+                     role: outer ? 'outer' : 'inner'
+                   });
+                 });
                }
+             });
+             outer = !outer;
+           } // Move all tags to one relation.
+           // Keep the oldest multipolygon alive if it exists.
+
+
+           var relation;
 
-               l = item.cells.length;
-               for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-                 item.cells[i] = splitCells$1(item.cells[i], item.header.length);
+           if (entities.multipolygon.length > 0) {
+             var oldestID = utilOldestID(entities.multipolygon.map(function (entity) {
+               return entity.id;
+             }));
+             relation = entities.multipolygon.find(function (entity) {
+               return entity.id === oldestID;
+             });
+           } else {
+             relation = osmRelation({
+               id: newRelationId,
+               tags: {
+                 type: 'multipolygon'
                }
+             });
+           }
+
+           entities.multipolygon.forEach(function (m) {
+             if (m.id !== relation.id) {
+               relation = relation.mergeTags(m.tags);
+               graph = graph.remove(m);
+             }
+           });
+           entities.closedWay.forEach(function (way) {
+             function isThisOuter(m) {
+               return m.id === way.id && m.role !== 'inner';
+             }
 
-               return item;
+             if (members.some(isThisOuter)) {
+               relation = relation.mergeTags(way.tags);
+               graph = graph.replace(way.update({
+                 tags: {}
+               }));
              }
+           });
+           return graph.replace(relation.update({
+             members: members,
+             tags: utilObjectOmit(relation.tags, ['area'])
+           }));
+         };
+
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           var entities = groupEntities(graph);
+
+           if (entities.other.length > 0 || entities.closedWay.length + entities.multipolygon.length < 2) {
+             return 'not_eligible';
            }
-         }
 
-         hr(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.block.hr.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             return {
-               type: 'hr',
-               raw: cap[0]
-             };
+           if (!entities.multipolygon.every(function (r) {
+             return r.isComplete(graph);
+           })) {
+             return 'incomplete_relation';
            }
-         }
 
-         blockquote(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.block.blockquote.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             const text = cap[0].replace(/^ *> ?/gm, '');
+           if (!entities.multipolygon.length) {
+             var sharedMultipolygons = [];
+             entities.closedWay.forEach(function (way, i) {
+               if (i === 0) {
+                 sharedMultipolygons = graph.parentMultipolygons(way);
+               } else {
+                 sharedMultipolygons = utilArrayIntersection(sharedMultipolygons, graph.parentMultipolygons(way));
+               }
+             });
+             sharedMultipolygons = sharedMultipolygons.filter(function (relation) {
+               return relation.members.length === entities.closedWay.length;
+             });
 
-             return {
-               type: 'blockquote',
-               raw: cap[0],
-               text
-             };
+             if (sharedMultipolygons.length) {
+               // don't create a new multipolygon if it'd be redundant
+               return 'not_eligible';
+             }
+           } else if (entities.closedWay.some(function (way) {
+             return utilArrayIntersection(graph.parentMultipolygons(way), entities.multipolygon).length;
+           })) {
+             // don't add a way to a multipolygon again if it's already a member
+             return 'not_eligible';
            }
-         }
+         };
 
-         list(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.block.list.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             let raw = cap[0];
-             const bull = cap[2];
-             const isordered = bull.length > 1;
+         return action;
+       }
 
-             const list = {
-               type: 'list',
-               raw,
-               ordered: isordered,
-               start: isordered ? +bull : '',
-               loose: false,
-               items: []
-             };
+       var DESCRIPTORS$1 = descriptors;
+       var objectDefinePropertyModule = objectDefineProperty;
+       var regExpFlags = regexpFlags$1;
+       var fails$4 = fails$V;
 
-             // Get each top-level item.
-             const itemMatch = cap[0].match(this.rules.block.item);
-
-             let next = false,
-               item,
-               space,
-               b,
-               addBack,
-               loose,
-               istask,
-               ischecked;
-
-             const l = itemMatch.length;
-             for (let i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-               item = itemMatch[i];
-               raw = item;
-
-               // Remove the list item's bullet
-               // so it is seen as the next token.
-               space = item.length;
-               item = item.replace(/^ *([*+-]|\d+\.) */, '');
-
-               // Outdent whatever the
-               // list item contains. Hacky.
-               if (~item.indexOf('\n ')) {
-                 space -= item.length;
-                 item = !this.options.pedantic
-                   ? item.replace(new RegExp('^ {1,' + space + '}', 'gm'), '')
-                   : item.replace(/^ {1,4}/gm, '');
-               }
-
-               // Determine whether the next list item belongs here.
-               // Backpedal if it does not belong in this list.
-               if (i !== l - 1) {
-                 b = this.rules.block.bullet.exec(itemMatch[i + 1])[0];
-                 if (bull.length > 1 ? b.length === 1
-                   : (b.length > 1 || (this.options.smartLists && b !== bull))) {
-                   addBack = itemMatch.slice(i + 1).join('\n');
-                   list.raw = list.raw.substring(0, list.raw.length - addBack.length);
-                   i = l - 1;
-                 }
-               }
-
-               // Determine whether item is loose or not.
-               // Use: /(^|\n)(?! )[^\n]+\n\n(?!\s*$)/
-               // for discount behavior.
-               loose = next || /\n\n(?!\s*$)/.test(item);
-               if (i !== l - 1) {
-                 next = item.charAt(item.length - 1) === '\n';
-                 if (!loose) loose = next;
-               }
-
-               if (loose) {
-                 list.loose = true;
-               }
-
-               // Check for task list items
-               istask = /^\[[ xX]\] /.test(item);
-               ischecked = undefined;
-               if (istask) {
-                 ischecked = item[1] !== ' ';
-                 item = item.replace(/^\[[ xX]\] +/, '');
-               }
-
-               list.items.push({
-                 raw,
-                 task: istask,
-                 checked: ischecked,
-                 loose: loose,
-                 text: item
-               });
+       var RegExpPrototype = RegExp.prototype;
+
+       var FORCED$2 = DESCRIPTORS$1 && fails$4(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-object-getownpropertydescriptor -- safe
+         return Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(RegExpPrototype, 'flags').get.call({ dotAll: true, sticky: true }) !== 'sy';
+       });
+
+       // `RegExp.prototype.flags` getter
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-get-regexp.prototype.flags
+       if (FORCED$2) objectDefinePropertyModule.f(RegExpPrototype, 'flags', {
+         configurable: true,
+         get: regExpFlags
+       });
+
+       var fastDeepEqual = function equal(a, b) {
+         if (a === b) return true;
+
+         if (a && b && _typeof(a) == 'object' && _typeof(b) == 'object') {
+           if (a.constructor !== b.constructor) return false;
+           var length, i, keys;
+
+           if (Array.isArray(a)) {
+             length = a.length;
+             if (length != b.length) return false;
+
+             for (i = length; i-- !== 0;) {
+               if (!equal(a[i], b[i])) return false;
              }
 
-             return list;
+             return true;
            }
-         }
 
-         html(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.block.html.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             return {
-               type: this.options.sanitize
-                 ? 'paragraph'
-                 : 'html',
-               raw: cap[0],
-               pre: !this.options.sanitizer
-                 && (cap[1] === 'pre' || cap[1] === 'script' || cap[1] === 'style'),
-               text: this.options.sanitize ? (this.options.sanitizer ? this.options.sanitizer(cap[0]) : escape$2(cap[0])) : cap[0]
-             };
+           if (a.constructor === RegExp) return a.source === b.source && a.flags === b.flags;
+           if (a.valueOf !== Object.prototype.valueOf) return a.valueOf() === b.valueOf();
+           if (a.toString !== Object.prototype.toString) return a.toString() === b.toString();
+           keys = Object.keys(a);
+           length = keys.length;
+           if (length !== Object.keys(b).length) return false;
+
+           for (i = length; i-- !== 0;) {
+             if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(b, keys[i])) return false;
            }
-         }
 
-         def(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.block.def.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             if (cap[3]) cap[3] = cap[3].substring(1, cap[3].length - 1);
-             const tag = cap[1].toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, ' ');
-             return {
-               tag,
-               raw: cap[0],
-               href: cap[2],
-               title: cap[3]
-             };
+           for (i = length; i-- !== 0;) {
+             var key = keys[i];
+             if (!equal(a[key], b[key])) return false;
+           }
+
+           return true;
+         } // true if both NaN, false otherwise
+
+
+         return a !== a && b !== b;
+       };
+
+       // J. W. Hunt and M. D. McIlroy, An algorithm for differential buffer
+       // comparison, Bell Telephone Laboratories CSTR #41 (1976)
+       // http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~doug/
+       // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_common_subsequence_problem
+       //
+       // Expects two arrays, finds longest common sequence
+
+       function LCS(buffer1, buffer2) {
+         var equivalenceClasses = {};
+
+         for (var j = 0; j < buffer2.length; j++) {
+           var item = buffer2[j];
+
+           if (equivalenceClasses[item]) {
+             equivalenceClasses[item].push(j);
+           } else {
+             equivalenceClasses[item] = [j];
            }
          }
 
-         table(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.block.table.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             const item = {
-               type: 'table',
-               header: splitCells$1(cap[1].replace(/^ *| *\| *$/g, '')),
-               align: cap[2].replace(/^ *|\| *$/g, '').split(/ *\| */),
-               cells: cap[3] ? cap[3].replace(/\n$/, '').split('\n') : []
-             };
+         var NULLRESULT = {
+           buffer1index: -1,
+           buffer2index: -1,
+           chain: null
+         };
+         var candidates = [NULLRESULT];
 
-             if (item.header.length === item.align.length) {
-               item.raw = cap[0];
-
-               let l = item.align.length;
-               let i;
-               for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-                 if (/^ *-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
-                   item.align[i] = 'right';
-                 } else if (/^ *:-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
-                   item.align[i] = 'center';
-                 } else if (/^ *:-+ *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
-                   item.align[i] = 'left';
-                 } else {
-                   item.align[i] = null;
-                 }
+         for (var i = 0; i < buffer1.length; i++) {
+           var _item = buffer1[i];
+           var buffer2indices = equivalenceClasses[_item] || [];
+           var r = 0;
+           var c = candidates[0];
+
+           for (var jx = 0; jx < buffer2indices.length; jx++) {
+             var _j = buffer2indices[jx];
+             var s = void 0;
+
+             for (s = r; s < candidates.length; s++) {
+               if (candidates[s].buffer2index < _j && (s === candidates.length - 1 || candidates[s + 1].buffer2index > _j)) {
+                 break;
                }
+             }
+
+             if (s < candidates.length) {
+               var newCandidate = {
+                 buffer1index: i,
+                 buffer2index: _j,
+                 chain: candidates[s]
+               };
 
-               l = item.cells.length;
-               for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-                 item.cells[i] = splitCells$1(
-                   item.cells[i].replace(/^ *\| *| *\| *$/g, ''),
-                   item.header.length);
+               if (r === candidates.length) {
+                 candidates.push(c);
+               } else {
+                 candidates[r] = c;
                }
 
-               return item;
+               r = s + 1;
+               c = newCandidate;
+
+               if (r === candidates.length) {
+                 break; // no point in examining further (j)s
+               }
              }
            }
-         }
 
-         lheading(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.block.lheading.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             return {
-               type: 'heading',
-               raw: cap[0],
-               depth: cap[2].charAt(0) === '=' ? 1 : 2,
-               text: cap[1]
-             };
-           }
-         }
+           candidates[r] = c;
+         } // At this point, we know the LCS: it's in the reverse of the
+         // linked-list through .chain of candidates[candidates.length - 1].
 
-         paragraph(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.block.paragraph.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             return {
-               type: 'paragraph',
-               raw: cap[0],
-               text: cap[1].charAt(cap[1].length - 1) === '\n'
-                 ? cap[1].slice(0, -1)
-                 : cap[1]
-             };
-           }
-         }
 
-         text(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.block.text.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             return {
-               type: 'text',
-               raw: cap[0],
-               text: cap[0]
-             };
+         return candidates[candidates.length - 1];
+       } // We apply the LCS to build a 'comm'-style picture of the
+       // offsets and lengths of mismatched chunks in the input
+       // buffers. This is used by diff3MergeRegions.
+
+
+       function diffIndices(buffer1, buffer2) {
+         var lcs = LCS(buffer1, buffer2);
+         var result = [];
+         var tail1 = buffer1.length;
+         var tail2 = buffer2.length;
+
+         for (var candidate = lcs; candidate !== null; candidate = candidate.chain) {
+           var mismatchLength1 = tail1 - candidate.buffer1index - 1;
+           var mismatchLength2 = tail2 - candidate.buffer2index - 1;
+           tail1 = candidate.buffer1index;
+           tail2 = candidate.buffer2index;
+
+           if (mismatchLength1 || mismatchLength2) {
+             result.push({
+               buffer1: [tail1 + 1, mismatchLength1],
+               buffer1Content: buffer1.slice(tail1 + 1, tail1 + 1 + mismatchLength1),
+               buffer2: [tail2 + 1, mismatchLength2],
+               buffer2Content: buffer2.slice(tail2 + 1, tail2 + 1 + mismatchLength2)
+             });
            }
          }
 
-         escape(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.inline.escape.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             return {
-               type: 'escape',
-               raw: cap[0],
-               text: escape$2(cap[1])
-             };
-           }
+         result.reverse();
+         return result;
+       } // We apply the LCS to build a JSON representation of a
+       // independently derived from O, returns a fairly complicated
+       // internal representation of merge decisions it's taken. The
+       // interested reader may wish to consult
+       //
+       // Sanjeev Khanna, Keshav Kunal, and Benjamin C. Pierce.
+       // 'A Formal Investigation of ' In Arvind and Prasad,
+       // editors, Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical
+       // Computer Science (FSTTCS), December 2007.
+       //
+       // (http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bcpierce/papers/diff3-short.pdf)
+       //
+
+
+       function diff3MergeRegions(a, o, b) {
+         // "hunks" are array subsets where `a` or `b` are different from `o`
+         // https://www.gnu.org/software/diffutils/manual/html_node/diff3-Hunks.html
+         var hunks = [];
+
+         function addHunk(h, ab) {
+           hunks.push({
+             ab: ab,
+             oStart: h.buffer1[0],
+             oLength: h.buffer1[1],
+             // length of o to remove
+             abStart: h.buffer2[0],
+             abLength: h.buffer2[1] // length of a/b to insert
+             // abContent: (ab === 'a' ? a : b).slice(h.buffer2[0], h.buffer2[0] + h.buffer2[1])
+
+           });
          }
 
-         tag(src, inLink, inRawBlock) {
-           const cap = this.rules.inline.tag.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             if (!inLink && /^<a /i.test(cap[0])) {
-               inLink = true;
-             } else if (inLink && /^<\/a>/i.test(cap[0])) {
-               inLink = false;
-             }
-             if (!inRawBlock && /^<(pre|code|kbd|script)(\s|>)/i.test(cap[0])) {
-               inRawBlock = true;
-             } else if (inRawBlock && /^<\/(pre|code|kbd|script)(\s|>)/i.test(cap[0])) {
-               inRawBlock = false;
-             }
+         diffIndices(o, a).forEach(function (item) {
+           return addHunk(item, 'a');
+         });
+         diffIndices(o, b).forEach(function (item) {
+           return addHunk(item, 'b');
+         });
+         hunks.sort(function (x, y) {
+           return x.oStart - y.oStart;
+         });
+         var results = [];
+         var currOffset = 0;
 
-             return {
-               type: this.options.sanitize
-                 ? 'text'
-                 : 'html',
-               raw: cap[0],
-               inLink,
-               inRawBlock,
-               text: this.options.sanitize
-                 ? (this.options.sanitizer
-                   ? this.options.sanitizer(cap[0])
-                   : escape$2(cap[0]))
-                 : cap[0]
-             };
+         function advanceTo(endOffset) {
+           if (endOffset > currOffset) {
+             results.push({
+               stable: true,
+               buffer: 'o',
+               bufferStart: currOffset,
+               bufferLength: endOffset - currOffset,
+               bufferContent: o.slice(currOffset, endOffset)
+             });
+             currOffset = endOffset;
            }
          }
 
-         link(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.inline.link.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             const lastParenIndex = findClosingBracket$1(cap[2], '()');
-             if (lastParenIndex > -1) {
-               const start = cap[0].indexOf('!') === 0 ? 5 : 4;
-               const linkLen = start + cap[1].length + lastParenIndex;
-               cap[2] = cap[2].substring(0, lastParenIndex);
-               cap[0] = cap[0].substring(0, linkLen).trim();
-               cap[3] = '';
-             }
-             let href = cap[2];
-             let title = '';
-             if (this.options.pedantic) {
-               const link = /^([^'"]*[^\s])\s+(['"])(.*)\2/.exec(href);
+         while (hunks.length) {
+           var hunk = hunks.shift();
+           var regionStart = hunk.oStart;
+           var regionEnd = hunk.oStart + hunk.oLength;
+           var regionHunks = [hunk];
+           advanceTo(regionStart); // Try to pull next overlapping hunk into this region
 
-               if (link) {
-                 href = link[1];
-                 title = link[3];
-               } else {
-                 title = '';
-               }
-             } else {
-               title = cap[3] ? cap[3].slice(1, -1) : '';
-             }
-             href = href.trim().replace(/^<([\s\S]*)>$/, '$1');
-             const token = outputLink(cap, {
-               href: href ? href.replace(this.rules.inline._escapes, '$1') : href,
-               title: title ? title.replace(this.rules.inline._escapes, '$1') : title
-             }, cap[0]);
-             return token;
+           while (hunks.length) {
+             var nextHunk = hunks[0];
+             var nextHunkStart = nextHunk.oStart;
+             if (nextHunkStart > regionEnd) break; // no overlap
+
+             regionEnd = Math.max(regionEnd, nextHunkStart + nextHunk.oLength);
+             regionHunks.push(hunks.shift());
            }
-         }
 
-         reflink(src, links) {
-           let cap;
-           if ((cap = this.rules.inline.reflink.exec(src))
-               || (cap = this.rules.inline.nolink.exec(src))) {
-             let link = (cap[2] || cap[1]).replace(/\s+/g, ' ');
-             link = links[link.toLowerCase()];
-             if (!link || !link.href) {
-               const text = cap[0].charAt(0);
-               return {
-                 type: 'text',
-                 raw: text,
-                 text
-               };
+           if (regionHunks.length === 1) {
+             // Only one hunk touches this region, meaning that there is no conflict here.
+             // Either `a` or `b` is inserting into a region of `o` unchanged by the other.
+             if (hunk.abLength > 0) {
+               var buffer = hunk.ab === 'a' ? a : b;
+               results.push({
+                 stable: true,
+                 buffer: hunk.ab,
+                 bufferStart: hunk.abStart,
+                 bufferLength: hunk.abLength,
+                 bufferContent: buffer.slice(hunk.abStart, hunk.abStart + hunk.abLength)
+               });
              }
-             const token = outputLink(cap, link, cap[0]);
-             return token;
-           }
-         }
+           } else {
+             // A true a/b conflict. Determine the bounds involved from `a`, `o`, and `b`.
+             // Effectively merge all the `a` hunks into one giant hunk, then do the
+             // same for the `b` hunks; then, correct for skew in the regions of `o`
+             // that each side changed, and report appropriate spans for the three sides.
+             var bounds = {
+               a: [a.length, -1, o.length, -1],
+               b: [b.length, -1, o.length, -1]
+             };
 
-         strong(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.inline.strong.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             return {
-               type: 'strong',
-               raw: cap[0],
-               text: cap[4] || cap[3] || cap[2] || cap[1]
+             while (regionHunks.length) {
+               hunk = regionHunks.shift();
+               var oStart = hunk.oStart;
+               var oEnd = oStart + hunk.oLength;
+               var abStart = hunk.abStart;
+               var abEnd = abStart + hunk.abLength;
+               var _b = bounds[hunk.ab];
+               _b[0] = Math.min(abStart, _b[0]);
+               _b[1] = Math.max(abEnd, _b[1]);
+               _b[2] = Math.min(oStart, _b[2]);
+               _b[3] = Math.max(oEnd, _b[3]);
+             }
+
+             var aStart = bounds.a[0] + (regionStart - bounds.a[2]);
+             var aEnd = bounds.a[1] + (regionEnd - bounds.a[3]);
+             var bStart = bounds.b[0] + (regionStart - bounds.b[2]);
+             var bEnd = bounds.b[1] + (regionEnd - bounds.b[3]);
+             var result = {
+               stable: false,
+               aStart: aStart,
+               aLength: aEnd - aStart,
+               aContent: a.slice(aStart, aEnd),
+               oStart: regionStart,
+               oLength: regionEnd - regionStart,
+               oContent: o.slice(regionStart, regionEnd),
+               bStart: bStart,
+               bLength: bEnd - bStart,
+               bContent: b.slice(bStart, bEnd)
              };
+             results.push(result);
            }
+
+           currOffset = regionEnd;
          }
 
-         em(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.inline.em.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             return {
-               type: 'em',
-               raw: cap[0],
-               text: cap[6] || cap[5] || cap[4] || cap[3] || cap[2] || cap[1]
-             };
+         advanceTo(o.length);
+         return results;
+       } // Applies the output of diff3MergeRegions to actually
+       // construct the merged buffer; the returned result alternates
+       // between 'ok' and 'conflict' blocks.
+       // A "false conflict" is where `a` and `b` both change the same from `o`
+
+
+       function diff3Merge(a, o, b, options) {
+         var defaults = {
+           excludeFalseConflicts: true,
+           stringSeparator: /\s+/
+         };
+         options = Object.assign(defaults, options);
+         var aString = typeof a === 'string';
+         var oString = typeof o === 'string';
+         var bString = typeof b === 'string';
+         if (aString) a = a.split(options.stringSeparator);
+         if (oString) o = o.split(options.stringSeparator);
+         if (bString) b = b.split(options.stringSeparator);
+         var results = [];
+         var regions = diff3MergeRegions(a, o, b);
+         var okBuffer = [];
+
+         function flushOk() {
+           if (okBuffer.length) {
+             results.push({
+               ok: okBuffer
+             });
            }
+
+           okBuffer = [];
          }
 
-         codespan(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.inline.code.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             return {
-               type: 'codespan',
-               raw: cap[0],
-               text: escape$2(cap[2].trim(), true)
-             };
+         function isFalseConflict(a, b) {
+           if (a.length !== b.length) return false;
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+             if (a[i] !== b[i]) return false;
            }
+
+           return true;
          }
 
-         br(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.inline.br.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             return {
-               type: 'br',
-               raw: cap[0]
-             };
+         regions.forEach(function (region) {
+           if (region.stable) {
+             var _okBuffer;
+
+             (_okBuffer = okBuffer).push.apply(_okBuffer, _toConsumableArray(region.bufferContent));
+           } else {
+             if (options.excludeFalseConflicts && isFalseConflict(region.aContent, region.bContent)) {
+               var _okBuffer2;
+
+               (_okBuffer2 = okBuffer).push.apply(_okBuffer2, _toConsumableArray(region.aContent));
+             } else {
+               flushOk();
+               results.push({
+                 conflict: {
+                   a: region.aContent,
+                   aIndex: region.aStart,
+                   o: region.oContent,
+                   oIndex: region.oStart,
+                   b: region.bContent,
+                   bIndex: region.bStart
+                 }
+               });
+             }
            }
-         }
+         });
+         flushOk();
+         return results;
+       }
 
-         del(src) {
-           const cap = this.rules.inline.del.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             return {
-               type: 'del',
-               raw: cap[0],
-               text: cap[1]
-             };
+       var lodash = {exports: {}};
+
+       (function (module, exports) {
+         (function () {
+           /** Used as a safe reference for `undefined` in pre-ES5 environments. */
+           var undefined$1;
+           /** Used as the semantic version number. */
+
+           var VERSION = '4.17.21';
+           /** Used as the size to enable large array optimizations. */
+
+           var LARGE_ARRAY_SIZE = 200;
+           /** Error message constants. */
+
+           var CORE_ERROR_TEXT = 'Unsupported core-js use. Try https://npms.io/search?q=ponyfill.',
+               FUNC_ERROR_TEXT = 'Expected a function',
+               INVALID_TEMPL_VAR_ERROR_TEXT = 'Invalid `variable` option passed into `_.template`';
+           /** Used to stand-in for `undefined` hash values. */
+
+           var HASH_UNDEFINED = '__lodash_hash_undefined__';
+           /** Used as the maximum memoize cache size. */
+
+           var MAX_MEMOIZE_SIZE = 500;
+           /** Used as the internal argument placeholder. */
+
+           var PLACEHOLDER = '__lodash_placeholder__';
+           /** Used to compose bitmasks for cloning. */
+
+           var CLONE_DEEP_FLAG = 1,
+               CLONE_FLAT_FLAG = 2,
+               CLONE_SYMBOLS_FLAG = 4;
+           /** Used to compose bitmasks for value comparisons. */
+
+           var COMPARE_PARTIAL_FLAG = 1,
+               COMPARE_UNORDERED_FLAG = 2;
+           /** Used to compose bitmasks for function metadata. */
+
+           var WRAP_BIND_FLAG = 1,
+               WRAP_BIND_KEY_FLAG = 2,
+               WRAP_CURRY_BOUND_FLAG = 4,
+               WRAP_CURRY_FLAG = 8,
+               WRAP_CURRY_RIGHT_FLAG = 16,
+               WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG = 32,
+               WRAP_PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG = 64,
+               WRAP_ARY_FLAG = 128,
+               WRAP_REARG_FLAG = 256,
+               WRAP_FLIP_FLAG = 512;
+           /** Used as default options for `_.truncate`. */
+
+           var DEFAULT_TRUNC_LENGTH = 30,
+               DEFAULT_TRUNC_OMISSION = '...';
+           /** Used to detect hot functions by number of calls within a span of milliseconds. */
+
+           var HOT_COUNT = 800,
+               HOT_SPAN = 16;
+           /** Used to indicate the type of lazy iteratees. */
+
+           var LAZY_FILTER_FLAG = 1,
+               LAZY_MAP_FLAG = 2,
+               LAZY_WHILE_FLAG = 3;
+           /** Used as references for various `Number` constants. */
+
+           var INFINITY = 1 / 0,
+               MAX_SAFE_INTEGER = 9007199254740991,
+               MAX_INTEGER = 1.7976931348623157e+308,
+               NAN = 0 / 0;
+           /** Used as references for the maximum length and index of an array. */
+
+           var MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH = 4294967295,
+               MAX_ARRAY_INDEX = MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH - 1,
+               HALF_MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH = MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH >>> 1;
+           /** Used to associate wrap methods with their bit flags. */
+
+           var wrapFlags = [['ary', WRAP_ARY_FLAG], ['bind', WRAP_BIND_FLAG], ['bindKey', WRAP_BIND_KEY_FLAG], ['curry', WRAP_CURRY_FLAG], ['curryRight', WRAP_CURRY_RIGHT_FLAG], ['flip', WRAP_FLIP_FLAG], ['partial', WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG], ['partialRight', WRAP_PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG], ['rearg', WRAP_REARG_FLAG]];
+           /** `Object#toString` result references. */
+
+           var argsTag = '[object Arguments]',
+               arrayTag = '[object Array]',
+               asyncTag = '[object AsyncFunction]',
+               boolTag = '[object Boolean]',
+               dateTag = '[object Date]',
+               domExcTag = '[object DOMException]',
+               errorTag = '[object Error]',
+               funcTag = '[object Function]',
+               genTag = '[object GeneratorFunction]',
+               mapTag = '[object Map]',
+               numberTag = '[object Number]',
+               nullTag = '[object Null]',
+               objectTag = '[object Object]',
+               promiseTag = '[object Promise]',
+               proxyTag = '[object Proxy]',
+               regexpTag = '[object RegExp]',
+               setTag = '[object Set]',
+               stringTag = '[object String]',
+               symbolTag = '[object Symbol]',
+               undefinedTag = '[object Undefined]',
+               weakMapTag = '[object WeakMap]',
+               weakSetTag = '[object WeakSet]';
+           var arrayBufferTag = '[object ArrayBuffer]',
+               dataViewTag = '[object DataView]',
+               float32Tag = '[object Float32Array]',
+               float64Tag = '[object Float64Array]',
+               int8Tag = '[object Int8Array]',
+               int16Tag = '[object Int16Array]',
+               int32Tag = '[object Int32Array]',
+               uint8Tag = '[object Uint8Array]',
+               uint8ClampedTag = '[object Uint8ClampedArray]',
+               uint16Tag = '[object Uint16Array]',
+               uint32Tag = '[object Uint32Array]';
+           /** Used to match empty string literals in compiled template source. */
+
+           var reEmptyStringLeading = /\b__p \+= '';/g,
+               reEmptyStringMiddle = /\b(__p \+=) '' \+/g,
+               reEmptyStringTrailing = /(__e\(.*?\)|\b__t\)) \+\n'';/g;
+           /** Used to match HTML entities and HTML characters. */
+
+           var reEscapedHtml = /&(?:amp|lt|gt|quot|#39);/g,
+               reUnescapedHtml = /[&<>"']/g,
+               reHasEscapedHtml = RegExp(reEscapedHtml.source),
+               reHasUnescapedHtml = RegExp(reUnescapedHtml.source);
+           /** Used to match template delimiters. */
+
+           var reEscape = /<%-([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
+               reEvaluate = /<%([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
+               reInterpolate = /<%=([\s\S]+?)%>/g;
+           /** Used to match property names within property paths. */
+
+           var reIsDeepProp = /\.|\[(?:[^[\]]*|(["'])(?:(?!\1)[^\\]|\\.)*?\1)\]/,
+               reIsPlainProp = /^\w*$/,
+               rePropName = /[^.[\]]+|\[(?:(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?)|(["'])((?:(?!\2)[^\\]|\\.)*?)\2)\]|(?=(?:\.|\[\])(?:\.|\[\]|$))/g;
+           /**
+            * Used to match `RegExp`
+            * [syntax characters](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-patterns).
+            */
+
+           var reRegExpChar = /[\\^$.*+?()[\]{}|]/g,
+               reHasRegExpChar = RegExp(reRegExpChar.source);
+           /** Used to match leading whitespace. */
+
+           var reTrimStart = /^\s+/;
+           /** Used to match a single whitespace character. */
+
+           var reWhitespace = /\s/;
+           /** Used to match wrap detail comments. */
+
+           var reWrapComment = /\{(?:\n\/\* \[wrapped with .+\] \*\/)?\n?/,
+               reWrapDetails = /\{\n\/\* \[wrapped with (.+)\] \*/,
+               reSplitDetails = /,? & /;
+           /** Used to match words composed of alphanumeric characters. */
+
+           var reAsciiWord = /[^\x00-\x2f\x3a-\x40\x5b-\x60\x7b-\x7f]+/g;
+           /**
+            * Used to validate the `validate` option in `_.template` variable.
+            *
+            * Forbids characters which could potentially change the meaning of the function argument definition:
+            * - "()," (modification of function parameters)
+            * - "=" (default value)
+            * - "[]{}" (destructuring of function parameters)
+            * - "/" (beginning of a comment)
+            * - whitespace
+            */
+
+           var reForbiddenIdentifierChars = /[()=,{}\[\]\/\s]/;
+           /** Used to match backslashes in property paths. */
+
+           var reEscapeChar = /\\(\\)?/g;
+           /**
+            * Used to match
+            * [ES template delimiters](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-template-literal-lexical-components).
+            */
+
+           var reEsTemplate = /\$\{([^\\}]*(?:\\.[^\\}]*)*)\}/g;
+           /** Used to match `RegExp` flags from their coerced string values. */
+
+           var reFlags = /\w*$/;
+           /** Used to detect bad signed hexadecimal string values. */
+
+           var reIsBadHex = /^[-+]0x[0-9a-f]+$/i;
+           /** Used to detect binary string values. */
+
+           var reIsBinary = /^0b[01]+$/i;
+           /** Used to detect host constructors (Safari). */
+
+           var reIsHostCtor = /^\[object .+?Constructor\]$/;
+           /** Used to detect octal string values. */
+
+           var reIsOctal = /^0o[0-7]+$/i;
+           /** Used to detect unsigned integer values. */
+
+           var reIsUint = /^(?:0|[1-9]\d*)$/;
+           /** Used to match Latin Unicode letters (excluding mathematical operators). */
+
+           var reLatin = /[\xc0-\xd6\xd8-\xf6\xf8-\xff\u0100-\u017f]/g;
+           /** Used to ensure capturing order of template delimiters. */
+
+           var reNoMatch = /($^)/;
+           /** Used to match unescaped characters in compiled string literals. */
+
+           var reUnescapedString = /['\n\r\u2028\u2029\\]/g;
+           /** Used to compose unicode character classes. */
+
+           var rsAstralRange = "\\ud800-\\udfff",
+               rsComboMarksRange = "\\u0300-\\u036f",
+               reComboHalfMarksRange = "\\ufe20-\\ufe2f",
+               rsComboSymbolsRange = "\\u20d0-\\u20ff",
+               rsComboRange = rsComboMarksRange + reComboHalfMarksRange + rsComboSymbolsRange,
+               rsDingbatRange = "\\u2700-\\u27bf",
+               rsLowerRange = 'a-z\\xdf-\\xf6\\xf8-\\xff',
+               rsMathOpRange = '\\xac\\xb1\\xd7\\xf7',
+               rsNonCharRange = '\\x00-\\x2f\\x3a-\\x40\\x5b-\\x60\\x7b-\\xbf',
+               rsPunctuationRange = "\\u2000-\\u206f",
+               rsSpaceRange = " \\t\\x0b\\f\\xa0\\ufeff\\n\\r\\u2028\\u2029\\u1680\\u180e\\u2000\\u2001\\u2002\\u2003\\u2004\\u2005\\u2006\\u2007\\u2008\\u2009\\u200a\\u202f\\u205f\\u3000",
+               rsUpperRange = 'A-Z\\xc0-\\xd6\\xd8-\\xde',
+               rsVarRange = "\\ufe0e\\ufe0f",
+               rsBreakRange = rsMathOpRange + rsNonCharRange + rsPunctuationRange + rsSpaceRange;
+           /** Used to compose unicode capture groups. */
+
+           var rsApos = "['\u2019]",
+               rsAstral = '[' + rsAstralRange + ']',
+               rsBreak = '[' + rsBreakRange + ']',
+               rsCombo = '[' + rsComboRange + ']',
+               rsDigits = '\\d+',
+               rsDingbat = '[' + rsDingbatRange + ']',
+               rsLower = '[' + rsLowerRange + ']',
+               rsMisc = '[^' + rsAstralRange + rsBreakRange + rsDigits + rsDingbatRange + rsLowerRange + rsUpperRange + ']',
+               rsFitz = "\\ud83c[\\udffb-\\udfff]",
+               rsModifier = '(?:' + rsCombo + '|' + rsFitz + ')',
+               rsNonAstral = '[^' + rsAstralRange + ']',
+               rsRegional = "(?:\\ud83c[\\udde6-\\uddff]){2}",
+               rsSurrPair = "[\\ud800-\\udbff][\\udc00-\\udfff]",
+               rsUpper = '[' + rsUpperRange + ']',
+               rsZWJ = "\\u200d";
+           /** Used to compose unicode regexes. */
+
+           var rsMiscLower = '(?:' + rsLower + '|' + rsMisc + ')',
+               rsMiscUpper = '(?:' + rsUpper + '|' + rsMisc + ')',
+               rsOptContrLower = '(?:' + rsApos + '(?:d|ll|m|re|s|t|ve))?',
+               rsOptContrUpper = '(?:' + rsApos + '(?:D|LL|M|RE|S|T|VE))?',
+               reOptMod = rsModifier + '?',
+               rsOptVar = '[' + rsVarRange + ']?',
+               rsOptJoin = '(?:' + rsZWJ + '(?:' + [rsNonAstral, rsRegional, rsSurrPair].join('|') + ')' + rsOptVar + reOptMod + ')*',
+               rsOrdLower = '\\d*(?:1st|2nd|3rd|(?![123])\\dth)(?=\\b|[A-Z_])',
+               rsOrdUpper = '\\d*(?:1ST|2ND|3RD|(?![123])\\dTH)(?=\\b|[a-z_])',
+               rsSeq = rsOptVar + reOptMod + rsOptJoin,
+               rsEmoji = '(?:' + [rsDingbat, rsRegional, rsSurrPair].join('|') + ')' + rsSeq,
+               rsSymbol = '(?:' + [rsNonAstral + rsCombo + '?', rsCombo, rsRegional, rsSurrPair, rsAstral].join('|') + ')';
+           /** Used to match apostrophes. */
+
+           var reApos = RegExp(rsApos, 'g');
+           /**
+            * Used to match [combining diacritical marks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combining_Diacritical_Marks) and
+            * [combining diacritical marks for symbols](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combining_Diacritical_Marks_for_Symbols).
+            */
+
+           var reComboMark = RegExp(rsCombo, 'g');
+           /** Used to match [string symbols](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/javascript-unicode). */
+
+           var reUnicode = RegExp(rsFitz + '(?=' + rsFitz + ')|' + rsSymbol + rsSeq, 'g');
+           /** Used to match complex or compound words. */
+
+           var reUnicodeWord = RegExp([rsUpper + '?' + rsLower + '+' + rsOptContrLower + '(?=' + [rsBreak, rsUpper, '$'].join('|') + ')', rsMiscUpper + '+' + rsOptContrUpper + '(?=' + [rsBreak, rsUpper + rsMiscLower, '$'].join('|') + ')', rsUpper + '?' + rsMiscLower + '+' + rsOptContrLower, rsUpper + '+' + rsOptContrUpper, rsOrdUpper, rsOrdLower, rsDigits, rsEmoji].join('|'), 'g');
+           /** Used to detect strings with [zero-width joiners or code points from the astral planes](http://eev.ee/blog/2015/09/12/dark-corners-of-unicode/). */
+
+           var reHasUnicode = RegExp('[' + rsZWJ + rsAstralRange + rsComboRange + rsVarRange + ']');
+           /** Used to detect strings that need a more robust regexp to match words. */
+
+           var reHasUnicodeWord = /[a-z][A-Z]|[A-Z]{2}[a-z]|[0-9][a-zA-Z]|[a-zA-Z][0-9]|[^a-zA-Z0-9 ]/;
+           /** Used to assign default `context` object properties. */
+
+           var contextProps = ['Array', 'Buffer', 'DataView', 'Date', 'Error', 'Float32Array', 'Float64Array', 'Function', 'Int8Array', 'Int16Array', 'Int32Array', 'Map', 'Math', 'Object', 'Promise', 'RegExp', 'Set', 'String', 'Symbol', 'TypeError', 'Uint8Array', 'Uint8ClampedArray', 'Uint16Array', 'Uint32Array', 'WeakMap', '_', 'clearTimeout', 'isFinite', 'parseInt', 'setTimeout'];
+           /** Used to make template sourceURLs easier to identify. */
+
+           var templateCounter = -1;
+           /** Used to identify `toStringTag` values of typed arrays. */
+
+           var typedArrayTags = {};
+           typedArrayTags[float32Tag] = typedArrayTags[float64Tag] = typedArrayTags[int8Tag] = typedArrayTags[int16Tag] = typedArrayTags[int32Tag] = typedArrayTags[uint8Tag] = typedArrayTags[uint8ClampedTag] = typedArrayTags[uint16Tag] = typedArrayTags[uint32Tag] = true;
+           typedArrayTags[argsTag] = typedArrayTags[arrayTag] = typedArrayTags[arrayBufferTag] = typedArrayTags[boolTag] = typedArrayTags[dataViewTag] = typedArrayTags[dateTag] = typedArrayTags[errorTag] = typedArrayTags[funcTag] = typedArrayTags[mapTag] = typedArrayTags[numberTag] = typedArrayTags[objectTag] = typedArrayTags[regexpTag] = typedArrayTags[setTag] = typedArrayTags[stringTag] = typedArrayTags[weakMapTag] = false;
+           /** Used to identify `toStringTag` values supported by `_.clone`. */
+
+           var cloneableTags = {};
+           cloneableTags[argsTag] = cloneableTags[arrayTag] = cloneableTags[arrayBufferTag] = cloneableTags[dataViewTag] = cloneableTags[boolTag] = cloneableTags[dateTag] = cloneableTags[float32Tag] = cloneableTags[float64Tag] = cloneableTags[int8Tag] = cloneableTags[int16Tag] = cloneableTags[int32Tag] = cloneableTags[mapTag] = cloneableTags[numberTag] = cloneableTags[objectTag] = cloneableTags[regexpTag] = cloneableTags[setTag] = cloneableTags[stringTag] = cloneableTags[symbolTag] = cloneableTags[uint8Tag] = cloneableTags[uint8ClampedTag] = cloneableTags[uint16Tag] = cloneableTags[uint32Tag] = true;
+           cloneableTags[errorTag] = cloneableTags[funcTag] = cloneableTags[weakMapTag] = false;
+           /** Used to map Latin Unicode letters to basic Latin letters. */
+
+           var deburredLetters = {
+             // Latin-1 Supplement block.
+             '\xc0': 'A',
+             '\xc1': 'A',
+             '\xc2': 'A',
+             '\xc3': 'A',
+             '\xc4': 'A',
+             '\xc5': 'A',
+             '\xe0': 'a',
+             '\xe1': 'a',
+             '\xe2': 'a',
+             '\xe3': 'a',
+             '\xe4': 'a',
+             '\xe5': 'a',
+             '\xc7': 'C',
+             '\xe7': 'c',
+             '\xd0': 'D',
+             '\xf0': 'd',
+             '\xc8': 'E',
+             '\xc9': 'E',
+             '\xca': 'E',
+             '\xcb': 'E',
+             '\xe8': 'e',
+             '\xe9': 'e',
+             '\xea': 'e',
+             '\xeb': 'e',
+             '\xcc': 'I',
+             '\xcd': 'I',
+             '\xce': 'I',
+             '\xcf': 'I',
+             '\xec': 'i',
+             '\xed': 'i',
+             '\xee': 'i',
+             '\xef': 'i',
+             '\xd1': 'N',
+             '\xf1': 'n',
+             '\xd2': 'O',
+             '\xd3': 'O',
+             '\xd4': 'O',
+             '\xd5': 'O',
+             '\xd6': 'O',
+             '\xd8': 'O',
+             '\xf2': 'o',
+             '\xf3': 'o',
+             '\xf4': 'o',
+             '\xf5': 'o',
+             '\xf6': 'o',
+             '\xf8': 'o',
+             '\xd9': 'U',
+             '\xda': 'U',
+             '\xdb': 'U',
+             '\xdc': 'U',
+             '\xf9': 'u',
+             '\xfa': 'u',
+             '\xfb': 'u',
+             '\xfc': 'u',
+             '\xdd': 'Y',
+             '\xfd': 'y',
+             '\xff': 'y',
+             '\xc6': 'Ae',
+             '\xe6': 'ae',
+             '\xde': 'Th',
+             '\xfe': 'th',
+             '\xdf': 'ss',
+             // Latin Extended-A block.
+             "\u0100": 'A',
+             "\u0102": 'A',
+             "\u0104": 'A',
+             "\u0101": 'a',
+             "\u0103": 'a',
+             "\u0105": 'a',
+             "\u0106": 'C',
+             "\u0108": 'C',
+             "\u010A": 'C',
+             "\u010C": 'C',
+             "\u0107": 'c',
+             "\u0109": 'c',
+             "\u010B": 'c',
+             "\u010D": 'c',
+             "\u010E": 'D',
+             "\u0110": 'D',
+             "\u010F": 'd',
+             "\u0111": 'd',
+             "\u0112": 'E',
+             "\u0114": 'E',
+             "\u0116": 'E',
+             "\u0118": 'E',
+             "\u011A": 'E',
+             "\u0113": 'e',
+             "\u0115": 'e',
+             "\u0117": 'e',
+             "\u0119": 'e',
+             "\u011B": 'e',
+             "\u011C": 'G',
+             "\u011E": 'G',
+             "\u0120": 'G',
+             "\u0122": 'G',
+             "\u011D": 'g',
+             "\u011F": 'g',
+             "\u0121": 'g',
+             "\u0123": 'g',
+             "\u0124": 'H',
+             "\u0126": 'H',
+             "\u0125": 'h',
+             "\u0127": 'h',
+             "\u0128": 'I',
+             "\u012A": 'I',
+             "\u012C": 'I',
+             "\u012E": 'I',
+             "\u0130": 'I',
+             "\u0129": 'i',
+             "\u012B": 'i',
+             "\u012D": 'i',
+             "\u012F": 'i',
+             "\u0131": 'i',
+             "\u0134": 'J',
+             "\u0135": 'j',
+             "\u0136": 'K',
+             "\u0137": 'k',
+             "\u0138": 'k',
+             "\u0139": 'L',
+             "\u013B": 'L',
+             "\u013D": 'L',
+             "\u013F": 'L',
+             "\u0141": 'L',
+             "\u013A": 'l',
+             "\u013C": 'l',
+             "\u013E": 'l',
+             "\u0140": 'l',
+             "\u0142": 'l',
+             "\u0143": 'N',
+             "\u0145": 'N',
+             "\u0147": 'N',
+             "\u014A": 'N',
+             "\u0144": 'n',
+             "\u0146": 'n',
+             "\u0148": 'n',
+             "\u014B": 'n',
+             "\u014C": 'O',
+             "\u014E": 'O',
+             "\u0150": 'O',
+             "\u014D": 'o',
+             "\u014F": 'o',
+             "\u0151": 'o',
+             "\u0154": 'R',
+             "\u0156": 'R',
+             "\u0158": 'R',
+             "\u0155": 'r',
+             "\u0157": 'r',
+             "\u0159": 'r',
+             "\u015A": 'S',
+             "\u015C": 'S',
+             "\u015E": 'S',
+             "\u0160": 'S',
+             "\u015B": 's',
+             "\u015D": 's',
+             "\u015F": 's',
+             "\u0161": 's',
+             "\u0162": 'T',
+             "\u0164": 'T',
+             "\u0166": 'T',
+             "\u0163": 't',
+             "\u0165": 't',
+             "\u0167": 't',
+             "\u0168": 'U',
+             "\u016A": 'U',
+             "\u016C": 'U',
+             "\u016E": 'U',
+             "\u0170": 'U',
+             "\u0172": 'U',
+             "\u0169": 'u',
+             "\u016B": 'u',
+             "\u016D": 'u',
+             "\u016F": 'u',
+             "\u0171": 'u',
+             "\u0173": 'u',
+             "\u0174": 'W',
+             "\u0175": 'w',
+             "\u0176": 'Y',
+             "\u0177": 'y',
+             "\u0178": 'Y',
+             "\u0179": 'Z',
+             "\u017B": 'Z',
+             "\u017D": 'Z',
+             "\u017A": 'z',
+             "\u017C": 'z',
+             "\u017E": 'z',
+             "\u0132": 'IJ',
+             "\u0133": 'ij',
+             "\u0152": 'Oe',
+             "\u0153": 'oe',
+             "\u0149": "'n",
+             "\u017F": 's'
+           };
+           /** Used to map characters to HTML entities. */
+
+           var htmlEscapes = {
+             '&': '&amp;',
+             '<': '&lt;',
+             '>': '&gt;',
+             '"': '&quot;',
+             "'": '&#39;'
+           };
+           /** Used to map HTML entities to characters. */
+
+           var htmlUnescapes = {
+             '&amp;': '&',
+             '&lt;': '<',
+             '&gt;': '>',
+             '&quot;': '"',
+             '&#39;': "'"
+           };
+           /** Used to escape characters for inclusion in compiled string literals. */
+
+           var stringEscapes = {
+             '\\': '\\',
+             "'": "'",
+             '\n': 'n',
+             '\r': 'r',
+             "\u2028": 'u2028',
+             "\u2029": 'u2029'
+           };
+           /** Built-in method references without a dependency on `root`. */
+
+           var freeParseFloat = parseFloat,
+               freeParseInt = parseInt;
+           /** Detect free variable `global` from Node.js. */
+
+           var freeGlobal = _typeof(commonjsGlobal) == 'object' && commonjsGlobal && commonjsGlobal.Object === Object && commonjsGlobal;
+           /** Detect free variable `self`. */
+
+           var freeSelf = (typeof self === "undefined" ? "undefined" : _typeof(self)) == 'object' && self && self.Object === Object && self;
+           /** Used as a reference to the global object. */
+
+           var root = freeGlobal || freeSelf || Function('return this')();
+           /** Detect free variable `exports`. */
+
+           var freeExports = exports && !exports.nodeType && exports;
+           /** Detect free variable `module`. */
+
+           var freeModule = freeExports && 'object' == 'object' && module && !module.nodeType && module;
+           /** Detect the popular CommonJS extension `module.exports`. */
+
+           var moduleExports = freeModule && freeModule.exports === freeExports;
+           /** Detect free variable `process` from Node.js. */
+
+           var freeProcess = moduleExports && freeGlobal.process;
+           /** Used to access faster Node.js helpers. */
+
+           var nodeUtil = function () {
+             try {
+               // Use `util.types` for Node.js 10+.
+               var types = freeModule && freeModule.require && freeModule.require('util').types;
+
+               if (types) {
+                 return types;
+               } // Legacy `process.binding('util')` for Node.js < 10.
+
+
+               return freeProcess && freeProcess.binding && freeProcess.binding('util');
+             } catch (e) {}
+           }();
+           /* Node.js helper references. */
+
+
+           var nodeIsArrayBuffer = nodeUtil && nodeUtil.isArrayBuffer,
+               nodeIsDate = nodeUtil && nodeUtil.isDate,
+               nodeIsMap = nodeUtil && nodeUtil.isMap,
+               nodeIsRegExp = nodeUtil && nodeUtil.isRegExp,
+               nodeIsSet = nodeUtil && nodeUtil.isSet,
+               nodeIsTypedArray = nodeUtil && nodeUtil.isTypedArray;
+           /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+           /**
+            * A faster alternative to `Function#apply`, this function invokes `func`
+            * with the `this` binding of `thisArg` and the arguments of `args`.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Function} func The function to invoke.
+            * @param {*} thisArg The `this` binding of `func`.
+            * @param {Array} args The arguments to invoke `func` with.
+            * @returns {*} Returns the result of `func`.
+            */
+
+           function apply(func, thisArg, args) {
+             switch (args.length) {
+               case 0:
+                 return func.call(thisArg);
+
+               case 1:
+                 return func.call(thisArg, args[0]);
+
+               case 2:
+                 return func.call(thisArg, args[0], args[1]);
+
+               case 3:
+                 return func.call(thisArg, args[0], args[1], args[2]);
+             }
+
+             return func.apply(thisArg, args);
            }
-         }
+           /**
+            * A specialized version of `baseAggregator` for arrays.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} [array] The array to iterate over.
+            * @param {Function} setter The function to set `accumulator` values.
+            * @param {Function} iteratee The iteratee to transform keys.
+            * @param {Object} accumulator The initial aggregated object.
+            * @returns {Function} Returns `accumulator`.
+            */
 
-         autolink(src, mangle) {
-           const cap = this.rules.inline.autolink.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             let text, href;
-             if (cap[2] === '@') {
-               text = escape$2(this.options.mangle ? mangle(cap[1]) : cap[1]);
-               href = 'mailto:' + text;
-             } else {
-               text = escape$2(cap[1]);
-               href = text;
+
+           function arrayAggregator(array, setter, iteratee, accumulator) {
+             var index = -1,
+                 length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
+
+             while (++index < length) {
+               var value = array[index];
+               setter(accumulator, value, iteratee(value), array);
              }
 
-             return {
-               type: 'link',
-               raw: cap[0],
-               text,
-               href,
-               tokens: [
-                 {
-                   type: 'text',
-                   raw: text,
-                   text
-                 }
-               ]
-             };
+             return accumulator;
            }
-         }
+           /**
+            * A specialized version of `_.forEach` for arrays without support for
+            * iteratee shorthands.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} [array] The array to iterate over.
+            * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
+            */
 
-         url(src, mangle) {
-           let cap;
-           if (cap = this.rules.inline.url.exec(src)) {
-             let text, href;
-             if (cap[2] === '@') {
-               text = escape$2(this.options.mangle ? mangle(cap[0]) : cap[0]);
-               href = 'mailto:' + text;
-             } else {
-               // do extended autolink path validation
-               let prevCapZero;
-               do {
-                 prevCapZero = cap[0];
-                 cap[0] = this.rules.inline._backpedal.exec(cap[0])[0];
-               } while (prevCapZero !== cap[0]);
-               text = escape$2(cap[0]);
-               if (cap[1] === 'www.') {
-                 href = 'http://' + text;
-               } else {
-                 href = text;
+
+           function arrayEach(array, iteratee) {
+             var index = -1,
+                 length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
+
+             while (++index < length) {
+               if (iteratee(array[index], index, array) === false) {
+                 break;
                }
              }
-             return {
-               type: 'link',
-               raw: cap[0],
-               text,
-               href,
-               tokens: [
-                 {
-                   type: 'text',
-                   raw: text,
-                   text
-                 }
-               ]
-             };
+
+             return array;
            }
-         }
+           /**
+            * A specialized version of `_.forEachRight` for arrays without support for
+            * iteratee shorthands.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} [array] The array to iterate over.
+            * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
+            */
 
-         inlineText(src, inRawBlock, smartypants) {
-           const cap = this.rules.inline.text.exec(src);
-           if (cap) {
-             let text;
-             if (inRawBlock) {
-               text = this.options.sanitize ? (this.options.sanitizer ? this.options.sanitizer(cap[0]) : escape$2(cap[0])) : cap[0];
-             } else {
-               text = escape$2(this.options.smartypants ? smartypants(cap[0]) : cap[0]);
+
+           function arrayEachRight(array, iteratee) {
+             var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
+
+             while (length--) {
+               if (iteratee(array[length], length, array) === false) {
+                 break;
+               }
              }
-             return {
-               type: 'text',
-               raw: cap[0],
-               text
-             };
+
+             return array;
            }
-         }
-       };
+           /**
+            * A specialized version of `_.every` for arrays without support for
+            * iteratee shorthands.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} [array] The array to iterate over.
+            * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
+            * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if all elements pass the predicate check,
+            *  else `false`.
+            */
 
-       const {
-         noopTest: noopTest$1,
-         edit: edit$1,
-         merge: merge$2
-       } = helpers;
 
-       /**
-        * Block-Level Grammar
-        */
-       const block = {
-         newline: /^\n+/,
-         code: /^( {4}[^\n]+\n*)+/,
-         fences: /^ {0,3}(`{3,}(?=[^`\n]*\n)|~{3,})([^\n]*)\n(?:|([\s\S]*?)\n)(?: {0,3}\1[~`]* *(?:\n+|$)|$)/,
-         hr: /^ {0,3}((?:- *){3,}|(?:_ *){3,}|(?:\* *){3,})(?:\n+|$)/,
-         heading: /^ {0,3}(#{1,6}) +([^\n]*?)(?: +#+)? *(?:\n+|$)/,
-         blockquote: /^( {0,3}> ?(paragraph|[^\n]*)(?:\n|$))+/,
-         list: /^( {0,3})(bull) [\s\S]+?(?:hr|def|\n{2,}(?! )(?!\1bull )\n*|\s*$)/,
-         html: '^ {0,3}(?:' // optional indentation
-           + '<(script|pre|style)[\\s>][\\s\\S]*?(?:</\\1>[^\\n]*\\n+|$)' // (1)
-           + '|comment[^\\n]*(\\n+|$)' // (2)
-           + '|<\\?[\\s\\S]*?\\?>\\n*' // (3)
-           + '|<![A-Z][\\s\\S]*?>\\n*' // (4)
-           + '|<!\\[CDATA\\[[\\s\\S]*?\\]\\]>\\n*' // (5)
-           + '|</?(tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)[\\s\\S]*?(?:\\n{2,}|$)' // (6)
-           + '|<(?!script|pre|style)([a-z][\\w-]*)(?:attribute)*? */?>(?=[ \\t]*(?:\\n|$))[\\s\\S]*?(?:\\n{2,}|$)' // (7) open tag
-           + '|</(?!script|pre|style)[a-z][\\w-]*\\s*>(?=[ \\t]*(?:\\n|$))[\\s\\S]*?(?:\\n{2,}|$)' // (7) closing tag
-           + ')',
-         def: /^ {0,3}\[(label)\]: *\n? *<?([^\s>]+)>?(?:(?: +\n? *| *\n *)(title))? *(?:\n+|$)/,
-         nptable: noopTest$1,
-         table: noopTest$1,
-         lheading: /^([^\n]+)\n {0,3}(=+|-+) *(?:\n+|$)/,
-         // regex template, placeholders will be replaced according to different paragraph
-         // interruption rules of commonmark and the original markdown spec:
-         _paragraph: /^([^\n]+(?:\n(?!hr|heading|lheading|blockquote|fences|list|html)[^\n]+)*)/,
-         text: /^[^\n]+/
-       };
+           function arrayEvery(array, predicate) {
+             var index = -1,
+                 length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
-       block._label = /(?!\s*\])(?:\\[\[\]]|[^\[\]])+/;
-       block._title = /(?:"(?:\\"?|[^"\\])*"|'[^'\n]*(?:\n[^'\n]+)*\n?'|\([^()]*\))/;
-       block.def = edit$1(block.def)
-         .replace('label', block._label)
-         .replace('title', block._title)
-         .getRegex();
-
-       block.bullet = /(?:[*+-]|\d{1,9}\.)/;
-       block.item = /^( *)(bull) ?[^\n]*(?:\n(?!\1bull ?)[^\n]*)*/;
-       block.item = edit$1(block.item, 'gm')
-         .replace(/bull/g, block.bullet)
-         .getRegex();
-
-       block.list = edit$1(block.list)
-         .replace(/bull/g, block.bullet)
-         .replace('hr', '\\n+(?=\\1?(?:(?:- *){3,}|(?:_ *){3,}|(?:\\* *){3,})(?:\\n+|$))')
-         .replace('def', '\\n+(?=' + block.def.source + ')')
-         .getRegex();
-
-       block._tag = 'address|article|aside|base|basefont|blockquote|body|caption'
-         + '|center|col|colgroup|dd|details|dialog|dir|div|dl|dt|fieldset|figcaption'
-         + '|figure|footer|form|frame|frameset|h[1-6]|head|header|hr|html|iframe'
-         + '|legend|li|link|main|menu|menuitem|meta|nav|noframes|ol|optgroup|option'
-         + '|p|param|section|source|summary|table|tbody|td|tfoot|th|thead|title|tr'
-         + '|track|ul';
-       block._comment = /<!--(?!-?>)[\s\S]*?-->/;
-       block.html = edit$1(block.html, 'i')
-         .replace('comment', block._comment)
-         .replace('tag', block._tag)
-         .replace('attribute', / +[a-zA-Z:_][\w.:-]*(?: *= *"[^"\n]*"| *= *'[^'\n]*'| *= *[^\s"'=<>`]+)?/)
-         .getRegex();
-
-       block.paragraph = edit$1(block._paragraph)
-         .replace('hr', block.hr)
-         .replace('heading', ' {0,3}#{1,6} ')
-         .replace('|lheading', '') // setex headings don't interrupt commonmark paragraphs
-         .replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>')
-         .replace('fences', ' {0,3}(?:`{3,}(?=[^`\\n]*\\n)|~{3,})[^\\n]*\\n')
-         .replace('list', ' {0,3}(?:[*+-]|1[.)]) ') // only lists starting from 1 can interrupt
-         .replace('html', '</?(?:tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)|<(?:script|pre|style|!--)')
-         .replace('tag', block._tag) // pars can be interrupted by type (6) html blocks
-         .getRegex();
-
-       block.blockquote = edit$1(block.blockquote)
-         .replace('paragraph', block.paragraph)
-         .getRegex();
+             while (++index < length) {
+               if (!predicate(array[index], index, array)) {
+                 return false;
+               }
+             }
 
-       /**
-        * Normal Block Grammar
-        */
+             return true;
+           }
+           /**
+            * A specialized version of `_.filter` for arrays without support for
+            * iteratee shorthands.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} [array] The array to iterate over.
+            * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns the new filtered array.
+            */
 
-       block.normal = merge$2({}, block);
 
-       /**
-        * GFM Block Grammar
-        */
+           function arrayFilter(array, predicate) {
+             var index = -1,
+                 length = array == null ? 0 : array.length,
+                 resIndex = 0,
+                 result = [];
 
-       block.gfm = merge$2({}, block.normal, {
-         nptable: '^ *([^|\\n ].*\\|.*)\\n' // Header
-           + ' *([-:]+ *\\|[-| :]*)' // Align
-           + '(?:\\n((?:(?!\\n|hr|heading|blockquote|code|fences|list|html).*(?:\\n|$))*)\\n*|$)', // Cells
-         table: '^ *\\|(.+)\\n' // Header
-           + ' *\\|?( *[-:]+[-| :]*)' // Align
-           + '(?:\\n *((?:(?!\\n|hr|heading|blockquote|code|fences|list|html).*(?:\\n|$))*)\\n*|$)' // Cells
-       });
+             while (++index < length) {
+               var value = array[index];
 
-       block.gfm.nptable = edit$1(block.gfm.nptable)
-         .replace('hr', block.hr)
-         .replace('heading', ' {0,3}#{1,6} ')
-         .replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>')
-         .replace('code', ' {4}[^\\n]')
-         .replace('fences', ' {0,3}(?:`{3,}(?=[^`\\n]*\\n)|~{3,})[^\\n]*\\n')
-         .replace('list', ' {0,3}(?:[*+-]|1[.)]) ') // only lists starting from 1 can interrupt
-         .replace('html', '</?(?:tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)|<(?:script|pre|style|!--)')
-         .replace('tag', block._tag) // tables can be interrupted by type (6) html blocks
-         .getRegex();
-
-       block.gfm.table = edit$1(block.gfm.table)
-         .replace('hr', block.hr)
-         .replace('heading', ' {0,3}#{1,6} ')
-         .replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>')
-         .replace('code', ' {4}[^\\n]')
-         .replace('fences', ' {0,3}(?:`{3,}(?=[^`\\n]*\\n)|~{3,})[^\\n]*\\n')
-         .replace('list', ' {0,3}(?:[*+-]|1[.)]) ') // only lists starting from 1 can interrupt
-         .replace('html', '</?(?:tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)|<(?:script|pre|style|!--)')
-         .replace('tag', block._tag) // tables can be interrupted by type (6) html blocks
-         .getRegex();
+               if (predicate(value, index, array)) {
+                 result[resIndex++] = value;
+               }
+             }
 
-       /**
-        * Pedantic grammar (original John Gruber's loose markdown specification)
-        */
+             return result;
+           }
+           /**
+            * A specialized version of `_.includes` for arrays without support for
+            * specifying an index to search from.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} [array] The array to inspect.
+            * @param {*} target The value to search for.
+            * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `target` is found, else `false`.
+            */
 
-       block.pedantic = merge$2({}, block.normal, {
-         html: edit$1(
-           '^ *(?:comment *(?:\\n|\\s*$)'
-           + '|<(tag)[\\s\\S]+?</\\1> *(?:\\n{2,}|\\s*$)' // closed tag
-           + '|<tag(?:"[^"]*"|\'[^\']*\'|\\s[^\'"/>\\s]*)*?/?> *(?:\\n{2,}|\\s*$))')
-           .replace('comment', block._comment)
-           .replace(/tag/g, '(?!(?:'
-             + 'a|em|strong|small|s|cite|q|dfn|abbr|data|time|code|var|samp|kbd|sub'
-             + '|sup|i|b|u|mark|ruby|rt|rp|bdi|bdo|span|br|wbr|ins|del|img)'
-             + '\\b)\\w+(?!:|[^\\w\\s@]*@)\\b')
-           .getRegex(),
-         def: /^ *\[([^\]]+)\]: *<?([^\s>]+)>?(?: +(["(][^\n]+[")]))? *(?:\n+|$)/,
-         heading: /^ *(#{1,6}) *([^\n]+?) *(?:#+ *)?(?:\n+|$)/,
-         fences: noopTest$1, // fences not supported
-         paragraph: edit$1(block.normal._paragraph)
-           .replace('hr', block.hr)
-           .replace('heading', ' *#{1,6} *[^\n]')
-           .replace('lheading', block.lheading)
-           .replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>')
-           .replace('|fences', '')
-           .replace('|list', '')
-           .replace('|html', '')
-           .getRegex()
-       });
 
-       /**
-        * Inline-Level Grammar
-        */
-       const inline = {
-         escape: /^\\([!"#$%&'()*+,\-./:;<=>?@\[\]\\^_`{|}~])/,
-         autolink: /^<(scheme:[^\s\x00-\x1f<>]*|email)>/,
-         url: noopTest$1,
-         tag: '^comment'
-           + '|^</[a-zA-Z][\\w:-]*\\s*>' // self-closing tag
-           + '|^<[a-zA-Z][\\w-]*(?:attribute)*?\\s*/?>' // open tag
-           + '|^<\\?[\\s\\S]*?\\?>' // processing instruction, e.g. <?php ?>
-           + '|^<![a-zA-Z]+\\s[\\s\\S]*?>' // declaration, e.g. <!DOCTYPE html>
-           + '|^<!\\[CDATA\\[[\\s\\S]*?\\]\\]>', // CDATA section
-         link: /^!?\[(label)\]\(\s*(href)(?:\s+(title))?\s*\)/,
-         reflink: /^!?\[(label)\]\[(?!\s*\])((?:\\[\[\]]?|[^\[\]\\])+)\]/,
-         nolink: /^!?\[(?!\s*\])((?:\[[^\[\]]*\]|\\[\[\]]|[^\[\]])*)\](?:\[\])?/,
-         strong: /^__([^\s_])__(?!_)|^\*\*([^\s*])\*\*(?!\*)|^__([^\s][\s\S]*?[^\s])__(?!_)|^\*\*([^\s][\s\S]*?[^\s])\*\*(?!\*)/,
-         em: /^_([^\s_])_(?!_)|^_([^\s_<][\s\S]*?[^\s_])_(?!_|[^\spunctuation])|^_([^\s_<][\s\S]*?[^\s])_(?!_|[^\spunctuation])|^\*([^\s*<\[])\*(?!\*)|^\*([^\s<"][\s\S]*?[^\s\[\*])\*(?![\]`punctuation])|^\*([^\s*"<\[][\s\S]*[^\s])\*(?!\*)/,
-         code: /^(`+)([^`]|[^`][\s\S]*?[^`])\1(?!`)/,
-         br: /^( {2,}|\\)\n(?!\s*$)/,
-         del: noopTest$1,
-         text: /^(`+|[^`])(?:[\s\S]*?(?:(?=[\\<!\[`*]|\b_|$)|[^ ](?= {2,}\n))|(?= {2,}\n))/
-       };
+           function arrayIncludes(array, value) {
+             var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
+             return !!length && baseIndexOf(array, value, 0) > -1;
+           }
+           /**
+            * This function is like `arrayIncludes` except that it accepts a comparator.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} [array] The array to inspect.
+            * @param {*} target The value to search for.
+            * @param {Function} comparator The comparator invoked per element.
+            * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `target` is found, else `false`.
+            */
 
-       // list of punctuation marks from common mark spec
-       // without ` and ] to workaround Rule 17 (inline code blocks/links)
-       inline._punctuation = '!"#$%&\'()*+\\-./:;<=>?@\\[^_{|}~';
-       inline.em = edit$1(inline.em).replace(/punctuation/g, inline._punctuation).getRegex();
 
-       inline._escapes = /\\([!"#$%&'()*+,\-./:;<=>?@\[\]\\^_`{|}~])/g;
+           function arrayIncludesWith(array, value, comparator) {
+             var index = -1,
+                 length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
+
+             while (++index < length) {
+               if (comparator(value, array[index])) {
+                 return true;
+               }
+             }
 
-       inline._scheme = /[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9+.-]{1,31}/;
-       inline._email = /[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+(@)[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?)+(?![-_])/;
-       inline.autolink = edit$1(inline.autolink)
-         .replace('scheme', inline._scheme)
-         .replace('email', inline._email)
-         .getRegex();
+             return false;
+           }
+           /**
+            * A specialized version of `_.map` for arrays without support for iteratee
+            * shorthands.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} [array] The array to iterate over.
+            * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns the new mapped array.
+            */
 
-       inline._attribute = /\s+[a-zA-Z:_][\w.:-]*(?:\s*=\s*"[^"]*"|\s*=\s*'[^']*'|\s*=\s*[^\s"'=<>`]+)?/;
 
-       inline.tag = edit$1(inline.tag)
-         .replace('comment', block._comment)
-         .replace('attribute', inline._attribute)
-         .getRegex();
+           function arrayMap(array, iteratee) {
+             var index = -1,
+                 length = array == null ? 0 : array.length,
+                 result = Array(length);
 
-       inline._label = /(?:\[[^\[\]]*\]|\\.|`[^`]*`|[^\[\]\\`])*?/;
-       inline._href = /<(?:\\[<>]?|[^\s<>\\])*>|[^\s\x00-\x1f]*/;
-       inline._title = /"(?:\\"?|[^"\\])*"|'(?:\\'?|[^'\\])*'|\((?:\\\)?|[^)\\])*\)/;
+             while (++index < length) {
+               result[index] = iteratee(array[index], index, array);
+             }
 
-       inline.link = edit$1(inline.link)
-         .replace('label', inline._label)
-         .replace('href', inline._href)
-         .replace('title', inline._title)
-         .getRegex();
+             return result;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Appends the elements of `values` to `array`.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
+            * @param {Array} values The values to append.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
+            */
 
-       inline.reflink = edit$1(inline.reflink)
-         .replace('label', inline._label)
-         .getRegex();
 
-       /**
-        * Normal Inline Grammar
-        */
+           function arrayPush(array, values) {
+             var index = -1,
+                 length = values.length,
+                 offset = array.length;
 
-       inline.normal = merge$2({}, inline);
+             while (++index < length) {
+               array[offset + index] = values[index];
+             }
 
-       /**
-        * Pedantic Inline Grammar
-        */
+             return array;
+           }
+           /**
+            * A specialized version of `_.reduce` for arrays without support for
+            * iteratee shorthands.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} [array] The array to iterate over.
+            * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+            * @param {*} [accumulator] The initial value.
+            * @param {boolean} [initAccum] Specify using the first element of `array` as
+            *  the initial value.
+            * @returns {*} Returns the accumulated value.
+            */
 
-       inline.pedantic = merge$2({}, inline.normal, {
-         strong: /^__(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)__(?!_)|^\*\*(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)\*\*(?!\*)/,
-         em: /^_(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)_(?!_)|^\*(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)\*(?!\*)/,
-         link: edit$1(/^!?\[(label)\]\((.*?)\)/)
-           .replace('label', inline._label)
-           .getRegex(),
-         reflink: edit$1(/^!?\[(label)\]\s*\[([^\]]*)\]/)
-           .replace('label', inline._label)
-           .getRegex()
-       });
 
-       /**
-        * GFM Inline Grammar
-        */
+           function arrayReduce(array, iteratee, accumulator, initAccum) {
+             var index = -1,
+                 length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
-       inline.gfm = merge$2({}, inline.normal, {
-         escape: edit$1(inline.escape).replace('])', '~|])').getRegex(),
-         _extended_email: /[A-Za-z0-9._+-]+(@)[a-zA-Z0-9-_]+(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9-_]*[a-zA-Z0-9])+(?![-_])/,
-         url: /^((?:ftp|https?):\/\/|www\.)(?:[a-zA-Z0-9\-]+\.?)+[^\s<]*|^email/,
-         _backpedal: /(?:[^?!.,:;*_~()&]+|\([^)]*\)|&(?![a-zA-Z0-9]+;$)|[?!.,:;*_~)]+(?!$))+/,
-         del: /^~+(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)~+/,
-         text: /^(`+|[^`])(?:[\s\S]*?(?:(?=[\\<!\[`*~]|\b_|https?:\/\/|ftp:\/\/|www\.|$)|[^ ](?= {2,}\n)|[^a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?_`{\|}~-](?=[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?_`{\|}~-]+@))|(?= {2,}\n|[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?_`{\|}~-]+@))/
-       });
+             if (initAccum && length) {
+               accumulator = array[++index];
+             }
 
-       inline.gfm.url = edit$1(inline.gfm.url, 'i')
-         .replace('email', inline.gfm._extended_email)
-         .getRegex();
-       /**
-        * GFM + Line Breaks Inline Grammar
-        */
+             while (++index < length) {
+               accumulator = iteratee(accumulator, array[index], index, array);
+             }
 
-       inline.breaks = merge$2({}, inline.gfm, {
-         br: edit$1(inline.br).replace('{2,}', '*').getRegex(),
-         text: edit$1(inline.gfm.text)
-           .replace('\\b_', '\\b_| {2,}\\n')
-           .replace(/\{2,\}/g, '*')
-           .getRegex()
-       });
+             return accumulator;
+           }
+           /**
+            * A specialized version of `_.reduceRight` for arrays without support for
+            * iteratee shorthands.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} [array] The array to iterate over.
+            * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+            * @param {*} [accumulator] The initial value.
+            * @param {boolean} [initAccum] Specify using the last element of `array` as
+            *  the initial value.
+            * @returns {*} Returns the accumulated value.
+            */
 
-       var rules = {
-         block,
-         inline
-       };
 
-       const { defaults: defaults$2 } = defaults;
-       const { block: block$1, inline: inline$1 } = rules;
+           function arrayReduceRight(array, iteratee, accumulator, initAccum) {
+             var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
-       /**
-        * smartypants text replacement
-        */
-       function smartypants(text) {
-         return text
-           // em-dashes
-           .replace(/---/g, '\u2014')
-           // en-dashes
-           .replace(/--/g, '\u2013')
-           // opening singles
-           .replace(/(^|[-\u2014/(\[{"\s])'/g, '$1\u2018')
-           // closing singles & apostrophes
-           .replace(/'/g, '\u2019')
-           // opening doubles
-           .replace(/(^|[-\u2014/(\[{\u2018\s])"/g, '$1\u201c')
-           // closing doubles
-           .replace(/"/g, '\u201d')
-           // ellipses
-           .replace(/\.{3}/g, '\u2026');
-       }
+             if (initAccum && length) {
+               accumulator = array[--length];
+             }
 
-       /**
-        * mangle email addresses
-        */
-       function mangle(text) {
-         let out = '',
-           i,
-           ch;
+             while (length--) {
+               accumulator = iteratee(accumulator, array[length], length, array);
+             }
 
-         const l = text.length;
-         for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-           ch = text.charCodeAt(i);
-           if (Math.random() > 0.5) {
-             ch = 'x' + ch.toString(16);
+             return accumulator;
            }
-           out += '&#' + ch + ';';
-         }
-
-         return out;
-       }
+           /**
+            * A specialized version of `_.some` for arrays without support for iteratee
+            * shorthands.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} [array] The array to iterate over.
+            * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
+            * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if any element passes the predicate check,
+            *  else `false`.
+            */
 
-       /**
-        * Block Lexer
-        */
-       var Lexer_1 = class Lexer {
-         constructor(options) {
-           this.tokens = [];
-           this.tokens.links = Object.create(null);
-           this.options = options || defaults$2;
-           this.options.tokenizer = this.options.tokenizer || new Tokenizer_1();
-           this.tokenizer = this.options.tokenizer;
-           this.tokenizer.options = this.options;
 
-           const rules = {
-             block: block$1.normal,
-             inline: inline$1.normal
-           };
+           function arraySome(array, predicate) {
+             var index = -1,
+                 length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
-           if (this.options.pedantic) {
-             rules.block = block$1.pedantic;
-             rules.inline = inline$1.pedantic;
-           } else if (this.options.gfm) {
-             rules.block = block$1.gfm;
-             if (this.options.breaks) {
-               rules.inline = inline$1.breaks;
-             } else {
-               rules.inline = inline$1.gfm;
+             while (++index < length) {
+               if (predicate(array[index], index, array)) {
+                 return true;
+               }
              }
+
+             return false;
            }
-           this.tokenizer.rules = rules;
-         }
+           /**
+            * Gets the size of an ASCII `string`.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} string The string inspect.
+            * @returns {number} Returns the string size.
+            */
 
-         /**
-          * Expose Rules
-          */
-         static get rules() {
-           return {
-             block: block$1,
-             inline: inline$1
-           };
-         }
 
-         /**
-          * Static Lex Method
-          */
-         static lex(src, options) {
-           const lexer = new Lexer(options);
-           return lexer.lex(src);
-         }
+           var asciiSize = baseProperty('length');
+           /**
+            * Converts an ASCII `string` to an array.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} string The string to convert.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns the converted array.
+            */
 
-         /**
-          * Preprocessing
-          */
-         lex(src) {
-           src = src
-             .replace(/\r\n|\r/g, '\n')
-             .replace(/\t/g, '    ');
+           function asciiToArray(string) {
+             return string.split('');
+           }
+           /**
+            * Splits an ASCII `string` into an array of its words.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} The string to inspect.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns the words of `string`.
+            */
 
-           this.blockTokens(src, this.tokens, true);
 
-           this.inline(this.tokens);
+           function asciiWords(string) {
+             return string.match(reAsciiWord) || [];
+           }
+           /**
+            * The base implementation of methods like `_.findKey` and `_.findLastKey`,
+            * without support for iteratee shorthands, which iterates over `collection`
+            * using `eachFunc`.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to inspect.
+            * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
+            * @param {Function} eachFunc The function to iterate over `collection`.
+            * @returns {*} Returns the found element or its key, else `undefined`.
+            */
 
-           return this.tokens;
-         }
 
-         /**
-          * Lexing
-          */
-         blockTokens(src, tokens = [], top = true) {
-           src = src.replace(/^ +$/gm, '');
-           let token, i, l;
-
-           while (src) {
-             // newline
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.space(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               if (token.type) {
-                 tokens.push(token);
+           function baseFindKey(collection, predicate, eachFunc) {
+             var result;
+             eachFunc(collection, function (value, key, collection) {
+               if (predicate(value, key, collection)) {
+                 result = key;
+                 return false;
                }
-               continue;
-             }
+             });
+             return result;
+           }
+           /**
+            * The base implementation of `_.findIndex` and `_.findLastIndex` without
+            * support for iteratee shorthands.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+            * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
+            * @param {number} fromIndex The index to search from.
+            * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify iterating from right to left.
+            * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
+            */
 
-             // code
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.code(src, tokens)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
 
-             // fences
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.fences(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
+           function baseFindIndex(array, predicate, fromIndex, fromRight) {
+             var length = array.length,
+                 index = fromIndex + (fromRight ? 1 : -1);
 
-             // heading
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.heading(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
+             while (fromRight ? index-- : ++index < length) {
+               if (predicate(array[index], index, array)) {
+                 return index;
+               }
              }
 
-             // table no leading pipe (gfm)
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.nptable(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
+             return -1;
+           }
+           /**
+            * The base implementation of `_.indexOf` without `fromIndex` bounds checks.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+            * @param {*} value The value to search for.
+            * @param {number} fromIndex The index to search from.
+            * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
+            */
 
-             // hr
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.hr(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
 
-             // blockquote
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.blockquote(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               token.tokens = this.blockTokens(token.text, [], top);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
+           function baseIndexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
+             return value === value ? strictIndexOf(array, value, fromIndex) : baseFindIndex(array, baseIsNaN, fromIndex);
+           }
+           /**
+            * This function is like `baseIndexOf` except that it accepts a comparator.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+            * @param {*} value The value to search for.
+            * @param {number} fromIndex The index to search from.
+            * @param {Function} comparator The comparator invoked per element.
+            * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
+            */
 
-             // list
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.list(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               l = token.items.length;
-               for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-                 token.items[i].tokens = this.blockTokens(token.items[i].text, [], false);
-               }
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
 
-             // html
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.html(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
+           function baseIndexOfWith(array, value, fromIndex, comparator) {
+             var index = fromIndex - 1,
+                 length = array.length;
 
-             // def
-             if (top && (token = this.tokenizer.def(src))) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               if (!this.tokens.links[token.tag]) {
-                 this.tokens.links[token.tag] = {
-                   href: token.href,
-                   title: token.title
-                 };
+             while (++index < length) {
+               if (comparator(array[index], value)) {
+                 return index;
                }
-               continue;
              }
 
-             // table (gfm)
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.table(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
+             return -1;
+           }
+           /**
+            * The base implementation of `_.isNaN` without support for number objects.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {*} value The value to check.
+            * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is `NaN`, else `false`.
+            */
 
-             // lheading
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.lheading(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
 
-             // top-level paragraph
-             if (top && (token = this.tokenizer.paragraph(src))) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
+           function baseIsNaN(value) {
+             return value !== value;
+           }
+           /**
+            * The base implementation of `_.mean` and `_.meanBy` without support for
+            * iteratee shorthands.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
+            * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+            * @returns {number} Returns the mean.
+            */
 
-             // text
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.text(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
 
-             if (src) {
-               const errMsg = 'Infinite loop on byte: ' + src.charCodeAt(0);
-               if (this.options.silent) {
-                 console.error(errMsg);
-                 break;
-               } else {
-                 throw new Error(errMsg);
-               }
-             }
+           function baseMean(array, iteratee) {
+             var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
+             return length ? baseSum(array, iteratee) / length : NAN;
            }
+           /**
+            * The base implementation of `_.property` without support for deep paths.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} key The key of the property to get.
+            * @returns {Function} Returns the new accessor function.
+            */
 
-           return tokens;
-         }
-
-         inline(tokens) {
-           let i,
-             j,
-             k,
-             l2,
-             row,
-             token;
 
-           const l = tokens.length;
-           for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-             token = tokens[i];
-             switch (token.type) {
-               case 'paragraph':
-               case 'text':
-               case 'heading': {
-                 token.tokens = [];
-                 this.inlineTokens(token.text, token.tokens);
-                 break;
-               }
-               case 'table': {
-                 token.tokens = {
-                   header: [],
-                   cells: []
-                 };
+           function baseProperty(key) {
+             return function (object) {
+               return object == null ? undefined$1 : object[key];
+             };
+           }
+           /**
+            * The base implementation of `_.propertyOf` without support for deep paths.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+            * @returns {Function} Returns the new accessor function.
+            */
 
-                 // header
-                 l2 = token.header.length;
-                 for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
-                   token.tokens.header[j] = [];
-                   this.inlineTokens(token.header[j], token.tokens.header[j]);
-                 }
-
-                 // cells
-                 l2 = token.cells.length;
-                 for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
-                   row = token.cells[j];
-                   token.tokens.cells[j] = [];
-                   for (k = 0; k < row.length; k++) {
-                     token.tokens.cells[j][k] = [];
-                     this.inlineTokens(row[k], token.tokens.cells[j][k]);
-                   }
-                 }
 
-                 break;
-               }
-               case 'blockquote': {
-                 this.inline(token.tokens);
-                 break;
-               }
-               case 'list': {
-                 l2 = token.items.length;
-                 for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
-                   this.inline(token.items[j].tokens);
-                 }
-                 break;
-               }
-             }
+           function basePropertyOf(object) {
+             return function (key) {
+               return object == null ? undefined$1 : object[key];
+             };
            }
+           /**
+            * The base implementation of `_.reduce` and `_.reduceRight`, without support
+            * for iteratee shorthands, which iterates over `collection` using `eachFunc`.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+            * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+            * @param {*} accumulator The initial value.
+            * @param {boolean} initAccum Specify using the first or last element of
+            *  `collection` as the initial value.
+            * @param {Function} eachFunc The function to iterate over `collection`.
+            * @returns {*} Returns the accumulated value.
+            */
 
-           return tokens;
-         }
 
-         /**
-          * Lexing/Compiling
-          */
-         inlineTokens(src, tokens = [], inLink = false, inRawBlock = false) {
-           let token;
-
-           while (src) {
-             // escape
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.escape(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
+           function baseReduce(collection, iteratee, accumulator, initAccum, eachFunc) {
+             eachFunc(collection, function (value, index, collection) {
+               accumulator = initAccum ? (initAccum = false, value) : iteratee(accumulator, value, index, collection);
+             });
+             return accumulator;
+           }
+           /**
+            * The base implementation of `_.sortBy` which uses `comparer` to define the
+            * sort order of `array` and replaces criteria objects with their corresponding
+            * values.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} array The array to sort.
+            * @param {Function} comparer The function to define sort order.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
+            */
 
-             // tag
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.tag(src, inLink, inRawBlock)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               inLink = token.inLink;
-               inRawBlock = token.inRawBlock;
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
 
-             // link
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.link(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               if (token.type === 'link') {
-                 token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], true, inRawBlock);
-               }
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
+           function baseSortBy(array, comparer) {
+             var length = array.length;
+             array.sort(comparer);
 
-             // reflink, nolink
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.reflink(src, this.tokens.links)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               if (token.type === 'link') {
-                 token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], true, inRawBlock);
-               }
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
+             while (length--) {
+               array[length] = array[length].value;
              }
 
-             // strong
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.strong(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], inLink, inRawBlock);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
+             return array;
+           }
+           /**
+            * The base implementation of `_.sum` and `_.sumBy` without support for
+            * iteratee shorthands.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
+            * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+            * @returns {number} Returns the sum.
+            */
 
-             // em
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.em(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], inLink, inRawBlock);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
 
-             // code
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.codespan(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
+           function baseSum(array, iteratee) {
+             var result,
+                 index = -1,
+                 length = array.length;
 
-             // br
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.br(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
+             while (++index < length) {
+               var current = iteratee(array[index]);
 
-             // del (gfm)
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.del(src)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], inLink, inRawBlock);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
+               if (current !== undefined$1) {
+                 result = result === undefined$1 ? current : result + current;
+               }
              }
 
-             // autolink
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.autolink(src, mangle)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
+             return result;
+           }
+           /**
+            * The base implementation of `_.times` without support for iteratee shorthands
+            * or max array length checks.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {number} n The number of times to invoke `iteratee`.
+            * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns the array of results.
+            */
 
-             // url (gfm)
-             if (!inLink && (token = this.tokenizer.url(src, mangle))) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
 
-             // text
-             if (token = this.tokenizer.inlineText(src, inRawBlock, smartypants)) {
-               src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
-               tokens.push(token);
-               continue;
-             }
+           function baseTimes(n, iteratee) {
+             var index = -1,
+                 result = Array(n);
 
-             if (src) {
-               const errMsg = 'Infinite loop on byte: ' + src.charCodeAt(0);
-               if (this.options.silent) {
-                 console.error(errMsg);
-                 break;
-               } else {
-                 throw new Error(errMsg);
-               }
+             while (++index < n) {
+               result[index] = iteratee(index);
              }
-           }
-
-           return tokens;
-         }
-       };
 
-       const { defaults: defaults$3 } = defaults;
-       const {
-         cleanUrl: cleanUrl$1,
-         escape: escape$3
-       } = helpers;
+             return result;
+           }
+           /**
+            * The base implementation of `_.toPairs` and `_.toPairsIn` which creates an array
+            * of key-value pairs for `object` corresponding to the property names of `props`.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+            * @param {Array} props The property names to get values for.
+            * @returns {Object} Returns the key-value pairs.
+            */
 
-       /**
-        * Renderer
-        */
-       var Renderer_1 = class Renderer {
-         constructor(options) {
-           this.options = options || defaults$3;
-         }
 
-         code(code, infostring, escaped) {
-           const lang = (infostring || '').match(/\S*/)[0];
-           if (this.options.highlight) {
-             const out = this.options.highlight(code, lang);
-             if (out != null && out !== code) {
-               escaped = true;
-               code = out;
-             }
+           function baseToPairs(object, props) {
+             return arrayMap(props, function (key) {
+               return [key, object[key]];
+             });
            }
+           /**
+            * The base implementation of `_.trim`.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} string The string to trim.
+            * @returns {string} Returns the trimmed string.
+            */
 
-           if (!lang) {
-             return '<pre><code>'
-               + (escaped ? code : escape$3(code, true))
-               + '</code></pre>';
+
+           function baseTrim(string) {
+             return string ? string.slice(0, trimmedEndIndex(string) + 1).replace(reTrimStart, '') : string;
            }
+           /**
+            * The base implementation of `_.unary` without support for storing metadata.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Function} func The function to cap arguments for.
+            * @returns {Function} Returns the new capped function.
+            */
 
-           return '<pre><code class="'
-             + this.options.langPrefix
-             + escape$3(lang, true)
-             + '">'
-             + (escaped ? code : escape$3(code, true))
-             + '</code></pre>\n';
-         }
 
-         blockquote(quote) {
-           return '<blockquote>\n' + quote + '</blockquote>\n';
-         }
+           function baseUnary(func) {
+             return function (value) {
+               return func(value);
+             };
+           }
+           /**
+            * The base implementation of `_.values` and `_.valuesIn` which creates an
+            * array of `object` property values corresponding to the property names
+            * of `props`.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+            * @param {Array} props The property names to get values for.
+            * @returns {Object} Returns the array of property values.
+            */
 
-         html(html) {
-           return html;
-         }
 
-         heading(text, level, raw, slugger) {
-           if (this.options.headerIds) {
-             return '<h'
-               + level
-               + ' id="'
-               + this.options.headerPrefix
-               + slugger.slug(raw)
-               + '">'
-               + text
-               + '</h'
-               + level
-               + '>\n';
+           function baseValues(object, props) {
+             return arrayMap(props, function (key) {
+               return object[key];
+             });
            }
-           // ignore IDs
-           return '<h' + level + '>' + text + '</h' + level + '>\n';
-         }
-
-         hr() {
-           return this.options.xhtml ? '<hr/>\n' : '<hr>\n';
-         }
+           /**
+            * Checks if a `cache` value for `key` exists.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Object} cache The cache to query.
+            * @param {string} key The key of the entry to check.
+            * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if an entry for `key` exists, else `false`.
+            */
 
-         list(body, ordered, start) {
-           const type = ordered ? 'ol' : 'ul',
-             startatt = (ordered && start !== 1) ? (' start="' + start + '"') : '';
-           return '<' + type + startatt + '>\n' + body + '</' + type + '>\n';
-         }
 
-         listitem(text) {
-           return '<li>' + text + '</li>\n';
-         }
+           function cacheHas(cache, key) {
+             return cache.has(key);
+           }
+           /**
+            * Used by `_.trim` and `_.trimStart` to get the index of the first string symbol
+            * that is not found in the character symbols.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} strSymbols The string symbols to inspect.
+            * @param {Array} chrSymbols The character symbols to find.
+            * @returns {number} Returns the index of the first unmatched string symbol.
+            */
 
-         checkbox(checked) {
-           return '<input '
-             + (checked ? 'checked="" ' : '')
-             + 'disabled="" type="checkbox"'
-             + (this.options.xhtml ? ' /' : '')
-             + '> ';
-         }
 
-         paragraph(text) {
-           return '<p>' + text + '</p>\n';
-         }
+           function charsStartIndex(strSymbols, chrSymbols) {
+             var index = -1,
+                 length = strSymbols.length;
 
-         table(header, body) {
-           if (body) body = '<tbody>' + body + '</tbody>';
+             while (++index < length && baseIndexOf(chrSymbols, strSymbols[index], 0) > -1) {}
 
-           return '<table>\n'
-             + '<thead>\n'
-             + header
-             + '</thead>\n'
-             + body
-             + '</table>\n';
-         }
+             return index;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Used by `_.trim` and `_.trimEnd` to get the index of the last string symbol
+            * that is not found in the character symbols.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} strSymbols The string symbols to inspect.
+            * @param {Array} chrSymbols The character symbols to find.
+            * @returns {number} Returns the index of the last unmatched string symbol.
+            */
 
-         tablerow(content) {
-           return '<tr>\n' + content + '</tr>\n';
-         }
 
-         tablecell(content, flags) {
-           const type = flags.header ? 'th' : 'td';
-           const tag = flags.align
-             ? '<' + type + ' align="' + flags.align + '">'
-             : '<' + type + '>';
-           return tag + content + '</' + type + '>\n';
-         }
+           function charsEndIndex(strSymbols, chrSymbols) {
+             var index = strSymbols.length;
 
-         // span level renderer
-         strong(text) {
-           return '<strong>' + text + '</strong>';
-         }
+             while (index-- && baseIndexOf(chrSymbols, strSymbols[index], 0) > -1) {}
 
-         em(text) {
-           return '<em>' + text + '</em>';
-         }
+             return index;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Gets the number of `placeholder` occurrences in `array`.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+            * @param {*} placeholder The placeholder to search for.
+            * @returns {number} Returns the placeholder count.
+            */
 
-         codespan(text) {
-           return '<code>' + text + '</code>';
-         }
 
-         br() {
-           return this.options.xhtml ? '<br/>' : '<br>';
-         }
+           function countHolders(array, placeholder) {
+             var length = array.length,
+                 result = 0;
 
-         del(text) {
-           return '<del>' + text + '</del>';
-         }
+             while (length--) {
+               if (array[length] === placeholder) {
+                 ++result;
+               }
+             }
 
-         link(href, title, text) {
-           href = cleanUrl$1(this.options.sanitize, this.options.baseUrl, href);
-           if (href === null) {
-             return text;
-           }
-           let out = '<a href="' + escape$3(href) + '"';
-           if (title) {
-             out += ' title="' + title + '"';
+             return result;
            }
-           out += '>' + text + '</a>';
-           return out;
-         }
+           /**
+            * Used by `_.deburr` to convert Latin-1 Supplement and Latin Extended-A
+            * letters to basic Latin letters.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} letter The matched letter to deburr.
+            * @returns {string} Returns the deburred letter.
+            */
 
-         image(href, title, text) {
-           href = cleanUrl$1(this.options.sanitize, this.options.baseUrl, href);
-           if (href === null) {
-             return text;
-           }
 
-           let out = '<img src="' + href + '" alt="' + text + '"';
-           if (title) {
-             out += ' title="' + title + '"';
-           }
-           out += this.options.xhtml ? '/>' : '>';
-           return out;
-         }
+           var deburrLetter = basePropertyOf(deburredLetters);
+           /**
+            * Used by `_.escape` to convert characters to HTML entities.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} chr The matched character to escape.
+            * @returns {string} Returns the escaped character.
+            */
 
-         text(text) {
-           return text;
-         }
-       };
+           var escapeHtmlChar = basePropertyOf(htmlEscapes);
+           /**
+            * Used by `_.template` to escape characters for inclusion in compiled string literals.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} chr The matched character to escape.
+            * @returns {string} Returns the escaped character.
+            */
 
-       /**
-        * TextRenderer
-        * returns only the textual part of the token
-        */
-       var TextRenderer_1 = class TextRenderer {
-         // no need for block level renderers
-         strong(text) {
-           return text;
-         }
+           function escapeStringChar(chr) {
+             return '\\' + stringEscapes[chr];
+           }
+           /**
+            * Gets the value at `key` of `object`.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Object} [object] The object to query.
+            * @param {string} key The key of the property to get.
+            * @returns {*} Returns the property value.
+            */
 
-         em(text) {
-           return text;
-         }
 
-         codespan(text) {
-           return text;
-         }
+           function getValue(object, key) {
+             return object == null ? undefined$1 : object[key];
+           }
+           /**
+            * Checks if `string` contains Unicode symbols.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} string The string to inspect.
+            * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if a symbol is found, else `false`.
+            */
 
-         del(text) {
-           return text;
-         }
 
-         html(text) {
-           return text;
-         }
+           function hasUnicode(string) {
+             return reHasUnicode.test(string);
+           }
+           /**
+            * Checks if `string` contains a word composed of Unicode symbols.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} string The string to inspect.
+            * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if a word is found, else `false`.
+            */
 
-         text(text) {
-           return text;
-         }
 
-         link(href, title, text) {
-           return '' + text;
-         }
+           function hasUnicodeWord(string) {
+             return reHasUnicodeWord.test(string);
+           }
+           /**
+            * Converts `iterator` to an array.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Object} iterator The iterator to convert.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns the converted array.
+            */
 
-         image(href, title, text) {
-           return '' + text;
-         }
 
-         br() {
-           return '';
-         }
-       };
+           function iteratorToArray(iterator) {
+             var data,
+                 result = [];
 
-       /**
-        * Slugger generates header id
-        */
-       var Slugger_1 = class Slugger {
-         constructor() {
-           this.seen = {};
-         }
+             while (!(data = iterator.next()).done) {
+               result.push(data.value);
+             }
 
-         /**
-          * Convert string to unique id
-          */
-         slug(value) {
-           let slug = value
-             .toLowerCase()
-             .trim()
-             // remove html tags
-             .replace(/<[!\/a-z].*?>/ig, '')
-             // remove unwanted chars
-             .replace(/[\u2000-\u206F\u2E00-\u2E7F\\'!"#$%&()*+,./:;<=>?@[\]^`{|}~]/g, '')
-             .replace(/\s/g, '-');
-
-           if (this.seen.hasOwnProperty(slug)) {
-             const originalSlug = slug;
-             do {
-               this.seen[originalSlug]++;
-               slug = originalSlug + '-' + this.seen[originalSlug];
-             } while (this.seen.hasOwnProperty(slug));
+             return result;
            }
-           this.seen[slug] = 0;
+           /**
+            * Converts `map` to its key-value pairs.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Object} map The map to convert.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns the key-value pairs.
+            */
 
-           return slug;
-         }
-       };
 
-       const { defaults: defaults$4 } = defaults;
-       const {
-         unescape: unescape$2
-       } = helpers;
+           function mapToArray(map) {
+             var index = -1,
+                 result = Array(map.size);
+             map.forEach(function (value, key) {
+               result[++index] = [key, value];
+             });
+             return result;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Creates a unary function that invokes `func` with its argument transformed.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Function} func The function to wrap.
+            * @param {Function} transform The argument transform.
+            * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
+            */
 
-       /**
-        * Parsing & Compiling
-        */
-       var Parser_1 = class Parser {
-         constructor(options) {
-           this.options = options || defaults$4;
-           this.options.renderer = this.options.renderer || new Renderer_1();
-           this.renderer = this.options.renderer;
-           this.renderer.options = this.options;
-           this.textRenderer = new TextRenderer_1();
-           this.slugger = new Slugger_1();
-         }
 
-         /**
-          * Static Parse Method
-          */
-         static parse(tokens, options) {
-           const parser = new Parser(options);
-           return parser.parse(tokens);
-         }
+           function overArg(func, transform) {
+             return function (arg) {
+               return func(transform(arg));
+             };
+           }
+           /**
+            * Replaces all `placeholder` elements in `array` with an internal placeholder
+            * and returns an array of their indexes.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
+            * @param {*} placeholder The placeholder to replace.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of placeholder indexes.
+            */
 
-         /**
-          * Parse Loop
-          */
-         parse(tokens, top = true) {
-           let out = '',
-             i,
-             j,
-             k,
-             l2,
-             l3,
-             row,
-             cell,
-             header,
-             body,
-             token,
-             ordered,
-             start,
-             loose,
-             itemBody,
-             item,
-             checked,
-             task,
-             checkbox;
-
-           const l = tokens.length;
-           for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-             token = tokens[i];
-             switch (token.type) {
-               case 'space': {
-                 continue;
-               }
-               case 'hr': {
-                 out += this.renderer.hr();
-                 continue;
-               }
-               case 'heading': {
-                 out += this.renderer.heading(
-                   this.parseInline(token.tokens),
-                   token.depth,
-                   unescape$2(this.parseInline(token.tokens, this.textRenderer)),
-                   this.slugger);
-                 continue;
-               }
-               case 'code': {
-                 out += this.renderer.code(token.text,
-                   token.lang,
-                   token.escaped);
-                 continue;
-               }
-               case 'table': {
-                 header = '';
-
-                 // header
-                 cell = '';
-                 l2 = token.header.length;
-                 for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
-                   cell += this.renderer.tablecell(
-                     this.parseInline(token.tokens.header[j]),
-                     { header: true, align: token.align[j] }
-                   );
-                 }
-                 header += this.renderer.tablerow(cell);
-
-                 body = '';
-                 l2 = token.cells.length;
-                 for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
-                   row = token.tokens.cells[j];
-
-                   cell = '';
-                   l3 = row.length;
-                   for (k = 0; k < l3; k++) {
-                     cell += this.renderer.tablecell(
-                       this.parseInline(row[k]),
-                       { header: false, align: token.align[k] }
-                     );
-                   }
 
-                   body += this.renderer.tablerow(cell);
-                 }
-                 out += this.renderer.table(header, body);
-                 continue;
-               }
-               case 'blockquote': {
-                 body = this.parse(token.tokens);
-                 out += this.renderer.blockquote(body);
-                 continue;
-               }
-               case 'list': {
-                 ordered = token.ordered;
-                 start = token.start;
-                 loose = token.loose;
-                 l2 = token.items.length;
-
-                 body = '';
-                 for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
-                   item = token.items[j];
-                   checked = item.checked;
-                   task = item.task;
-
-                   itemBody = '';
-                   if (item.task) {
-                     checkbox = this.renderer.checkbox(checked);
-                     if (loose) {
-                       if (item.tokens[0].type === 'text') {
-                         item.tokens[0].text = checkbox + ' ' + item.tokens[0].text;
-                         if (item.tokens[0].tokens && item.tokens[0].tokens.length > 0 && item.tokens[0].tokens[0].type === 'text') {
-                           item.tokens[0].tokens[0].text = checkbox + ' ' + item.tokens[0].tokens[0].text;
-                         }
-                       } else {
-                         item.tokens.unshift({
-                           type: 'text',
-                           text: checkbox
-                         });
-                       }
-                     } else {
-                       itemBody += checkbox;
-                     }
-                   }
+           function replaceHolders(array, placeholder) {
+             var index = -1,
+                 length = array.length,
+                 resIndex = 0,
+                 result = [];
 
-                   itemBody += this.parse(item.tokens, loose);
-                   body += this.renderer.listitem(itemBody, task, checked);
-                 }
+             while (++index < length) {
+               var value = array[index];
 
-                 out += this.renderer.list(body, ordered, start);
-                 continue;
-               }
-               case 'html': {
-                 // TODO parse inline content if parameter markdown=1
-                 out += this.renderer.html(token.text);
-                 continue;
-               }
-               case 'paragraph': {
-                 out += this.renderer.paragraph(this.parseInline(token.tokens));
-                 continue;
-               }
-               case 'text': {
-                 body = token.tokens ? this.parseInline(token.tokens) : token.text;
-                 while (i + 1 < l && tokens[i + 1].type === 'text') {
-                   token = tokens[++i];
-                   body += '\n' + (token.tokens ? this.parseInline(token.tokens) : token.text);
-                 }
-                 out += top ? this.renderer.paragraph(body) : body;
-                 continue;
-               }
-               default: {
-                 const errMsg = 'Token with "' + token.type + '" type was not found.';
-                 if (this.options.silent) {
-                   console.error(errMsg);
-                   return;
-                 } else {
-                   throw new Error(errMsg);
-                 }
+               if (value === placeholder || value === PLACEHOLDER) {
+                 array[index] = PLACEHOLDER;
+                 result[resIndex++] = index;
                }
              }
+
+             return result;
            }
+           /**
+            * Converts `set` to an array of its values.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Object} set The set to convert.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns the values.
+            */
 
-           return out;
-         }
 
-         /**
-          * Parse Inline Tokens
-          */
-         parseInline(tokens, renderer) {
-           renderer = renderer || this.renderer;
-           let out = '',
-             i,
-             token;
+           function setToArray(set) {
+             var index = -1,
+                 result = Array(set.size);
+             set.forEach(function (value) {
+               result[++index] = value;
+             });
+             return result;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Converts `set` to its value-value pairs.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Object} set The set to convert.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns the value-value pairs.
+            */
 
-           const l = tokens.length;
-           for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-             token = tokens[i];
-             switch (token.type) {
-               case 'escape': {
-                 out += renderer.text(token.text);
-                 break;
-               }
-               case 'html': {
-                 out += renderer.html(token.text);
-                 break;
-               }
-               case 'link': {
-                 out += renderer.link(token.href, token.title, this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
-                 break;
-               }
-               case 'image': {
-                 out += renderer.image(token.href, token.title, token.text);
-                 break;
-               }
-               case 'strong': {
-                 out += renderer.strong(this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
-                 break;
-               }
-               case 'em': {
-                 out += renderer.em(this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
-                 break;
-               }
-               case 'codespan': {
-                 out += renderer.codespan(token.text);
-                 break;
-               }
-               case 'br': {
-                 out += renderer.br();
-                 break;
-               }
-               case 'del': {
-                 out += renderer.del(this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
-                 break;
-               }
-               case 'text': {
-                 out += renderer.text(token.text);
-                 break;
+
+           function setToPairs(set) {
+             var index = -1,
+                 result = Array(set.size);
+             set.forEach(function (value) {
+               result[++index] = [value, value];
+             });
+             return result;
+           }
+           /**
+            * A specialized version of `_.indexOf` which performs strict equality
+            * comparisons of values, i.e. `===`.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+            * @param {*} value The value to search for.
+            * @param {number} fromIndex The index to search from.
+            * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
+            */
+
+
+           function strictIndexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
+             var index = fromIndex - 1,
+                 length = array.length;
+
+             while (++index < length) {
+               if (array[index] === value) {
+                 return index;
                }
-               default: {
-                 const errMsg = 'Token with "' + token.type + '" type was not found.';
-                 if (this.options.silent) {
-                   console.error(errMsg);
-                   return;
-                 } else {
-                   throw new Error(errMsg);
-                 }
+             }
+
+             return -1;
+           }
+           /**
+            * A specialized version of `_.lastIndexOf` which performs strict equality
+            * comparisons of values, i.e. `===`.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+            * @param {*} value The value to search for.
+            * @param {number} fromIndex The index to search from.
+            * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
+            */
+
+
+           function strictLastIndexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
+             var index = fromIndex + 1;
+
+             while (index--) {
+               if (array[index] === value) {
+                 return index;
                }
              }
+
+             return index;
            }
-           return out;
-         }
-       };
+           /**
+            * Gets the number of symbols in `string`.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} string The string to inspect.
+            * @returns {number} Returns the string size.
+            */
 
-       const {
-         merge: merge$3,
-         checkSanitizeDeprecation: checkSanitizeDeprecation$1,
-         escape: escape$4
-       } = helpers;
-       const {
-         getDefaults,
-         changeDefaults,
-         defaults: defaults$5
-       } = defaults;
 
-       /**
-        * Marked
-        */
-       function marked(src, opt, callback) {
-         // throw error in case of non string input
-         if (typeof src === 'undefined' || src === null) {
-           throw new Error('marked(): input parameter is undefined or null');
-         }
-         if (typeof src !== 'string') {
-           throw new Error('marked(): input parameter is of type '
-             + Object.prototype.toString.call(src) + ', string expected');
-         }
+           function stringSize(string) {
+             return hasUnicode(string) ? unicodeSize(string) : asciiSize(string);
+           }
+           /**
+            * Converts `string` to an array.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} string The string to convert.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns the converted array.
+            */
 
-         if (callback || typeof opt === 'function') {
-           if (!callback) {
-             callback = opt;
-             opt = null;
+
+           function stringToArray(string) {
+             return hasUnicode(string) ? unicodeToArray(string) : asciiToArray(string);
            }
+           /**
+            * Used by `_.trim` and `_.trimEnd` to get the index of the last non-whitespace
+            * character of `string`.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} string The string to inspect.
+            * @returns {number} Returns the index of the last non-whitespace character.
+            */
 
-           opt = merge$3({}, marked.defaults, opt || {});
-           checkSanitizeDeprecation$1(opt);
-           const highlight = opt.highlight;
-           let tokens,
-             pending,
-             i = 0;
 
-           try {
-             tokens = Lexer_1.lex(src, opt);
-           } catch (e) {
-             return callback(e);
+           function trimmedEndIndex(string) {
+             var index = string.length;
+
+             while (index-- && reWhitespace.test(string.charAt(index))) {}
+
+             return index;
            }
+           /**
+            * Used by `_.unescape` to convert HTML entities to characters.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} chr The matched character to unescape.
+            * @returns {string} Returns the unescaped character.
+            */
 
-           pending = tokens.length;
 
-           const done = function(err) {
-             if (err) {
-               opt.highlight = highlight;
-               return callback(err);
-             }
+           var unescapeHtmlChar = basePropertyOf(htmlUnescapes);
+           /**
+            * Gets the size of a Unicode `string`.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} string The string inspect.
+            * @returns {number} Returns the string size.
+            */
 
-             let out;
+           function unicodeSize(string) {
+             var result = reUnicode.lastIndex = 0;
 
-             try {
-               out = Parser_1.parse(tokens, opt);
-             } catch (e) {
-               err = e;
+             while (reUnicode.test(string)) {
+               ++result;
              }
 
-             opt.highlight = highlight;
+             return result;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Converts a Unicode `string` to an array.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} string The string to convert.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns the converted array.
+            */
 
-             return err
-               ? callback(err)
-               : callback(null, out);
-           };
 
-           if (!highlight || highlight.length < 3) {
-             return done();
+           function unicodeToArray(string) {
+             return string.match(reUnicode) || [];
            }
+           /**
+            * Splits a Unicode `string` into an array of its words.
+            *
+            * @private
+            * @param {string} The string to inspect.
+            * @returns {Array} Returns the words of `string`.
+            */
 
-           delete opt.highlight;
-
-           if (!pending) return done();
 
-           for (; i < tokens.length; i++) {
-             (function(token) {
-               if (token.type !== 'code') {
-                 return --pending || done();
-               }
-               return highlight(token.text, token.lang, function(err, code) {
-                 if (err) return done(err);
-                 if (code == null || code === token.text) {
-                   return --pending || done();
-                 }
-                 token.text = code;
-                 token.escaped = true;
-                 --pending || done();
-               });
-             })(tokens[i]);
+           function unicodeWords(string) {
+             return string.match(reUnicodeWord) || [];
            }
+           /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-           return;
-         }
-         try {
-           opt = merge$3({}, marked.defaults, opt || {});
-           checkSanitizeDeprecation$1(opt);
-           return Parser_1.parse(Lexer_1.lex(src, opt), opt);
-         } catch (e) {
-           e.message += '\nPlease report this to https://github.com/markedjs/marked.';
-           if ((opt || marked.defaults).silent) {
-             return '<p>An error occurred:</p><pre>'
-               + escape$4(e.message + '', true)
-               + '</pre>';
-           }
-           throw e;
-         }
-       }
+           /**
+            * Create a new pristine `lodash` function using the `context` object.
+            *
+            * @static
+            * @memberOf _
+            * @since 1.1.0
+            * @category Util
+            * @param {Object} [context=root] The context object.
+            * @returns {Function} Returns a new `lodash` function.
+            * @example
+            *
+            * _.mixin({ 'foo': _.constant('foo') });
+            *
+            * var lodash = _.runInContext();
+            * lodash.mixin({ 'bar': lodash.constant('bar') });
+            *
+            * _.isFunction(_.foo);
+            * // => true
+            * _.isFunction(_.bar);
+            * // => false
+            *
+            * lodash.isFunction(lodash.foo);
+            * // => false
+            * lodash.isFunction(lodash.bar);
+            * // => true
+            *
+            * // Create a suped-up `defer` in Node.js.
+            * var defer = _.runInContext({ 'setTimeout': setImmediate }).defer;
+            */
 
-       /**
-        * Options
-        */
 
-       marked.options =
-       marked.setOptions = function(opt) {
-         merge$3(marked.defaults, opt);
-         changeDefaults(marked.defaults);
-         return marked;
-       };
+           var runInContext = function runInContext(context) {
+             context = context == null ? root : _.defaults(root.Object(), context, _.pick(root, contextProps));
+             /** Built-in constructor references. */
 
-       marked.getDefaults = getDefaults;
+             var Array = context.Array,
+                 Date = context.Date,
+                 Error = context.Error,
+                 Function = context.Function,
+                 Math = context.Math,
+                 Object = context.Object,
+                 RegExp = context.RegExp,
+                 String = context.String,
+                 TypeError = context.TypeError;
+             /** Used for built-in method references. */
 
-       marked.defaults = defaults$5;
+             var arrayProto = Array.prototype,
+                 funcProto = Function.prototype,
+                 objectProto = Object.prototype;
+             /** Used to detect overreaching core-js shims. */
 
-       /**
-        * Use Extension
-        */
+             var coreJsData = context['__core-js_shared__'];
+             /** Used to resolve the decompiled source of functions. */
 
-       marked.use = function(extension) {
-         const opts = merge$3({}, extension);
-         if (extension.renderer) {
-           const renderer = marked.defaults.renderer || new Renderer_1();
-           for (const prop in extension.renderer) {
-             const prevRenderer = renderer[prop];
-             renderer[prop] = (...args) => {
-               let ret = extension.renderer[prop].apply(renderer, args);
-               if (ret === false) {
-                 ret = prevRenderer.apply(renderer, args);
-               }
-               return ret;
-             };
-           }
-           opts.renderer = renderer;
-         }
-         if (extension.tokenizer) {
-           const tokenizer = marked.defaults.tokenizer || new Tokenizer_1();
-           for (const prop in extension.tokenizer) {
-             const prevTokenizer = tokenizer[prop];
-             tokenizer[prop] = (...args) => {
-               let ret = extension.tokenizer[prop].apply(tokenizer, args);
-               if (ret === false) {
-                 ret = prevTokenizer.apply(tokenizer, args);
-               }
-               return ret;
-             };
-           }
-           opts.tokenizer = tokenizer;
-         }
-         marked.setOptions(opts);
-       };
+             var funcToString = funcProto.toString;
+             /** Used to check objects for own properties. */
 
-       /**
-        * Expose
-        */
+             var hasOwnProperty = objectProto.hasOwnProperty;
+             /** Used to generate unique IDs. */
 
-       marked.Parser = Parser_1;
-       marked.parser = Parser_1.parse;
+             var idCounter = 0;
+             /** Used to detect methods masquerading as native. */
 
-       marked.Renderer = Renderer_1;
-       marked.TextRenderer = TextRenderer_1;
+             var maskSrcKey = function () {
+               var uid = /[^.]+$/.exec(coreJsData && coreJsData.keys && coreJsData.keys.IE_PROTO || '');
+               return uid ? 'Symbol(src)_1.' + uid : '';
+             }();
+             /**
+              * Used to resolve the
+              * [`toStringTag`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-object.prototype.tostring)
+              * of values.
+              */
 
-       marked.Lexer = Lexer_1;
-       marked.lexer = Lexer_1.lex;
 
-       marked.Tokenizer = Tokenizer_1;
+             var nativeObjectToString = objectProto.toString;
+             /** Used to infer the `Object` constructor. */
 
-       marked.Slugger = Slugger_1;
+             var objectCtorString = funcToString.call(Object);
+             /** Used to restore the original `_` reference in `_.noConflict`. */
 
-       marked.parse = marked;
+             var oldDash = root._;
+             /** Used to detect if a method is native. */
 
-       var marked_1 = marked;
+             var reIsNative = RegExp('^' + funcToString.call(hasOwnProperty).replace(reRegExpChar, '\\$&').replace(/hasOwnProperty|(function).*?(?=\\\()| for .+?(?=\\\])/g, '$1.*?') + '$');
+             /** Built-in value references. */
 
-       const tiler$2 = utilTiler();
-       const dispatch$3 = dispatch('loaded');
-       const _tileZoom$2 = 14;
-       const _osmoseUrlRoot = 'https://osmose.openstreetmap.fr/api/0.3';
-       let _osmoseData = { icons: {}, items: [] };
+             var Buffer = moduleExports ? context.Buffer : undefined$1,
+                 _Symbol = context.Symbol,
+                 Uint8Array = context.Uint8Array,
+                 allocUnsafe = Buffer ? Buffer.allocUnsafe : undefined$1,
+                 getPrototype = overArg(Object.getPrototypeOf, Object),
+                 objectCreate = Object.create,
+                 propertyIsEnumerable = objectProto.propertyIsEnumerable,
+                 splice = arrayProto.splice,
+                 spreadableSymbol = _Symbol ? _Symbol.isConcatSpreadable : undefined$1,
+                 symIterator = _Symbol ? _Symbol.iterator : undefined$1,
+                 symToStringTag = _Symbol ? _Symbol.toStringTag : undefined$1;
 
-       // This gets reassigned if reset
-       let _cache$2;
+             var defineProperty = function () {
+               try {
+                 var func = getNative(Object, 'defineProperty');
+                 func({}, '', {});
+                 return func;
+               } catch (e) {}
+             }();
+             /** Mocked built-ins. */
+
+
+             var ctxClearTimeout = context.clearTimeout !== root.clearTimeout && context.clearTimeout,
+                 ctxNow = Date && Date.now !== root.Date.now && Date.now,
+                 ctxSetTimeout = context.setTimeout !== root.setTimeout && context.setTimeout;
+             /* Built-in method references for those with the same name as other `lodash` methods. */
+
+             var nativeCeil = Math.ceil,
+                 nativeFloor = Math.floor,
+                 nativeGetSymbols = Object.getOwnPropertySymbols,
+                 nativeIsBuffer = Buffer ? Buffer.isBuffer : undefined$1,
+                 nativeIsFinite = context.isFinite,
+                 nativeJoin = arrayProto.join,
+                 nativeKeys = overArg(Object.keys, Object),
+                 nativeMax = Math.max,
+                 nativeMin = Math.min,
+                 nativeNow = Date.now,
+                 nativeParseInt = context.parseInt,
+                 nativeRandom = Math.random,
+                 nativeReverse = arrayProto.reverse;
+             /* Built-in method references that are verified to be native. */
+
+             var DataView = getNative(context, 'DataView'),
+                 Map = getNative(context, 'Map'),
+                 Promise = getNative(context, 'Promise'),
+                 Set = getNative(context, 'Set'),
+                 WeakMap = getNative(context, 'WeakMap'),
+                 nativeCreate = getNative(Object, 'create');
+             /** Used to store function metadata. */
+
+             var metaMap = WeakMap && new WeakMap();
+             /** Used to lookup unminified function names. */
+
+             var realNames = {};
+             /** Used to detect maps, sets, and weakmaps. */
+
+             var dataViewCtorString = toSource(DataView),
+                 mapCtorString = toSource(Map),
+                 promiseCtorString = toSource(Promise),
+                 setCtorString = toSource(Set),
+                 weakMapCtorString = toSource(WeakMap);
+             /** Used to convert symbols to primitives and strings. */
+
+             var symbolProto = _Symbol ? _Symbol.prototype : undefined$1,
+                 symbolValueOf = symbolProto ? symbolProto.valueOf : undefined$1,
+                 symbolToString = symbolProto ? symbolProto.toString : undefined$1;
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-       function abortRequest$2(controller) {
-         if (controller) {
-           controller.abort();
-         }
-       }
+             /**
+              * Creates a `lodash` object which wraps `value` to enable implicit method
+              * chain sequences. Methods that operate on and return arrays, collections,
+              * and functions can be chained together. Methods that retrieve a single value
+              * or may return a primitive value will automatically end the chain sequence
+              * and return the unwrapped value. Otherwise, the value must be unwrapped
+              * with `_#value`.
+              *
+              * Explicit chain sequences, which must be unwrapped with `_#value`, may be
+              * enabled using `_.chain`.
+              *
+              * The execution of chained methods is lazy, that is, it's deferred until
+              * `_#value` is implicitly or explicitly called.
+              *
+              * Lazy evaluation allows several methods to support shortcut fusion.
+              * Shortcut fusion is an optimization to merge iteratee calls; this avoids
+              * the creation of intermediate arrays and can greatly reduce the number of
+              * iteratee executions. Sections of a chain sequence qualify for shortcut
+              * fusion if the section is applied to an array and iteratees accept only
+              * one argument. The heuristic for whether a section qualifies for shortcut
+              * fusion is subject to change.
+              *
+              * Chaining is supported in custom builds as long as the `_#value` method is
+              * directly or indirectly included in the build.
+              *
+              * In addition to lodash methods, wrappers have `Array` and `String` methods.
+              *
+              * The wrapper `Array` methods are:
+              * `concat`, `join`, `pop`, `push`, `shift`, `sort`, `splice`, and `unshift`
+              *
+              * The wrapper `String` methods are:
+              * `replace` and `split`
+              *
+              * The wrapper methods that support shortcut fusion are:
+              * `at`, `compact`, `drop`, `dropRight`, `dropWhile`, `filter`, `find`,
+              * `findLast`, `head`, `initial`, `last`, `map`, `reject`, `reverse`, `slice`,
+              * `tail`, `take`, `takeRight`, `takeRightWhile`, `takeWhile`, and `toArray`
+              *
+              * The chainable wrapper methods are:
+              * `after`, `ary`, `assign`, `assignIn`, `assignInWith`, `assignWith`, `at`,
+              * `before`, `bind`, `bindAll`, `bindKey`, `castArray`, `chain`, `chunk`,
+              * `commit`, `compact`, `concat`, `conforms`, `constant`, `countBy`, `create`,
+              * `curry`, `debounce`, `defaults`, `defaultsDeep`, `defer`, `delay`,
+              * `difference`, `differenceBy`, `differenceWith`, `drop`, `dropRight`,
+              * `dropRightWhile`, `dropWhile`, `extend`, `extendWith`, `fill`, `filter`,
+              * `flatMap`, `flatMapDeep`, `flatMapDepth`, `flatten`, `flattenDeep`,
+              * `flattenDepth`, `flip`, `flow`, `flowRight`, `fromPairs`, `functions`,
+              * `functionsIn`, `groupBy`, `initial`, `intersection`, `intersectionBy`,
+              * `intersectionWith`, `invert`, `invertBy`, `invokeMap`, `iteratee`, `keyBy`,
+              * `keys`, `keysIn`, `map`, `mapKeys`, `mapValues`, `matches`, `matchesProperty`,
+              * `memoize`, `merge`, `mergeWith`, `method`, `methodOf`, `mixin`, `negate`,
+              * `nthArg`, `omit`, `omitBy`, `once`, `orderBy`, `over`, `overArgs`,
+              * `overEvery`, `overSome`, `partial`, `partialRight`, `partition`, `pick`,
+              * `pickBy`, `plant`, `property`, `propertyOf`, `pull`, `pullAll`, `pullAllBy`,
+              * `pullAllWith`, `pullAt`, `push`, `range`, `rangeRight`, `rearg`, `reject`,
+              * `remove`, `rest`, `reverse`, `sampleSize`, `set`, `setWith`, `shuffle`,
+              * `slice`, `sort`, `sortBy`, `splice`, `spread`, `tail`, `take`, `takeRight`,
+              * `takeRightWhile`, `takeWhile`, `tap`, `throttle`, `thru`, `toArray`,
+              * `toPairs`, `toPairsIn`, `toPath`, `toPlainObject`, `transform`, `unary`,
+              * `union`, `unionBy`, `unionWith`, `uniq`, `uniqBy`, `uniqWith`, `unset`,
+              * `unshift`, `unzip`, `unzipWith`, `update`, `updateWith`, `values`,
+              * `valuesIn`, `without`, `wrap`, `xor`, `xorBy`, `xorWith`, `zip`,
+              * `zipObject`, `zipObjectDeep`, and `zipWith`
+              *
+              * The wrapper methods that are **not** chainable by default are:
+              * `add`, `attempt`, `camelCase`, `capitalize`, `ceil`, `clamp`, `clone`,
+              * `cloneDeep`, `cloneDeepWith`, `cloneWith`, `conformsTo`, `deburr`,
+              * `defaultTo`, `divide`, `each`, `eachRight`, `endsWith`, `eq`, `escape`,
+              * `escapeRegExp`, `every`, `find`, `findIndex`, `findKey`, `findLast`,
+              * `findLastIndex`, `findLastKey`, `first`, `floor`, `forEach`, `forEachRight`,
+              * `forIn`, `forInRight`, `forOwn`, `forOwnRight`, `get`, `gt`, `gte`, `has`,
+              * `hasIn`, `head`, `identity`, `includes`, `indexOf`, `inRange`, `invoke`,
+              * `isArguments`, `isArray`, `isArrayBuffer`, `isArrayLike`, `isArrayLikeObject`,
+              * `isBoolean`, `isBuffer`, `isDate`, `isElement`, `isEmpty`, `isEqual`,
+              * `isEqualWith`, `isError`, `isFinite`, `isFunction`, `isInteger`, `isLength`,
+              * `isMap`, `isMatch`, `isMatchWith`, `isNaN`, `isNative`, `isNil`, `isNull`,
+              * `isNumber`, `isObject`, `isObjectLike`, `isPlainObject`, `isRegExp`,
+              * `isSafeInteger`, `isSet`, `isString`, `isUndefined`, `isTypedArray`,
+              * `isWeakMap`, `isWeakSet`, `join`, `kebabCase`, `last`, `lastIndexOf`,
+              * `lowerCase`, `lowerFirst`, `lt`, `lte`, `max`, `maxBy`, `mean`, `meanBy`,
+              * `min`, `minBy`, `multiply`, `noConflict`, `noop`, `now`, `nth`, `pad`,
+              * `padEnd`, `padStart`, `parseInt`, `pop`, `random`, `reduce`, `reduceRight`,
+              * `repeat`, `result`, `round`, `runInContext`, `sample`, `shift`, `size`,
+              * `snakeCase`, `some`, `sortedIndex`, `sortedIndexBy`, `sortedLastIndex`,
+              * `sortedLastIndexBy`, `startCase`, `startsWith`, `stubArray`, `stubFalse`,
+              * `stubObject`, `stubString`, `stubTrue`, `subtract`, `sum`, `sumBy`,
+              * `template`, `times`, `toFinite`, `toInteger`, `toJSON`, `toLength`,
+              * `toLower`, `toNumber`, `toSafeInteger`, `toString`, `toUpper`, `trim`,
+              * `trimEnd`, `trimStart`, `truncate`, `unescape`, `uniqueId`, `upperCase`,
+              * `upperFirst`, `value`, and `words`
+              *
+              * @name _
+              * @constructor
+              * @category Seq
+              * @param {*} value The value to wrap in a `lodash` instance.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new `lodash` wrapper instance.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function square(n) {
+              *   return n * n;
+              * }
+              *
+              * var wrapped = _([1, 2, 3]);
+              *
+              * // Returns an unwrapped value.
+              * wrapped.reduce(_.add);
+              * // => 6
+              *
+              * // Returns a wrapped value.
+              * var squares = wrapped.map(square);
+              *
+              * _.isArray(squares);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.isArray(squares.value());
+              * // => true
+              */
 
-       function abortUnwantedRequests$2(cache, tiles) {
-         Object.keys(cache.inflightTile).forEach(k => {
-           let wanted = tiles.find(tile => k === tile.id);
-           if (!wanted) {
-             abortRequest$2(cache.inflightTile[k]);
-             delete cache.inflightTile[k];
-           }
-         });
-       }
+             function lodash(value) {
+               if (isObjectLike(value) && !isArray(value) && !(value instanceof LazyWrapper)) {
+                 if (value instanceof LodashWrapper) {
+                   return value;
+                 }
 
-       function encodeIssueRtree$2(d) {
-         return { minX: d.loc[0], minY: d.loc[1], maxX: d.loc[0], maxY: d.loc[1], data: d };
-       }
+                 if (hasOwnProperty.call(value, '__wrapped__')) {
+                   return wrapperClone(value);
+                 }
+               }
 
-       // Replace or remove QAItem from rtree
-       function updateRtree$2(item, replace) {
-         _cache$2.rtree.remove(item, (a, b) => a.data.id === b.data.id);
+               return new LodashWrapper(value);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.create` without support for assigning
+              * properties to the created object.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} proto The object to inherit from.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
+              */
 
-         if (replace) {
-           _cache$2.rtree.insert(item);
-         }
-       }
 
-       // Issues shouldn't obscure eachother
-       function preventCoincident$1(loc) {
-         let coincident = false;
-         do {
-           // first time, move marker up. after that, move marker right.
-           let delta = coincident ? [0.00001, 0] : [0, 0.00001];
-           loc = geoVecAdd(loc, delta);
-           let bbox = geoExtent(loc).bbox();
-           coincident = _cache$2.rtree.search(bbox).length;
-         } while (coincident);
+             var baseCreate = function () {
+               function object() {}
 
-         return loc;
-       }
+               return function (proto) {
+                 if (!isObject(proto)) {
+                   return {};
+                 }
 
-       var serviceOsmose = {
-         title: 'osmose',
+                 if (objectCreate) {
+                   return objectCreate(proto);
+                 }
 
-         init() {
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('qa_data')
-             .then(d => {
-               _osmoseData = d.osmose;
-               _osmoseData.items = Object.keys(d.osmose.icons)
-                 .map(s => s.split('-')[0])
-                 .reduce((unique, item) => unique.indexOf(item) !== -1 ? unique : [...unique, item], []);
-             });
+                 object.prototype = proto;
+                 var result = new object();
+                 object.prototype = undefined$1;
+                 return result;
+               };
+             }();
+             /**
+              * The function whose prototype chain sequence wrappers inherit from.
+              *
+              * @private
+              */
 
-           if (!_cache$2) {
-             this.reset();
-           }
 
-           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$3, 'on');
-         },
+             function baseLodash() {// No operation performed.
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base constructor for creating `lodash` wrapper objects.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to wrap.
+              * @param {boolean} [chainAll] Enable explicit method chain sequences.
+              */
 
-         reset() {
-           let _strings = {};
-           let _colors = {};
-           if (_cache$2) {
-             Object.values(_cache$2.inflightTile).forEach(abortRequest$2);
-             // Strings and colors are static and should not be re-populated
-             _strings = _cache$2.strings;
-             _colors = _cache$2.colors;
-           }
-           _cache$2 = {
-             data: {},
-             loadedTile: {},
-             inflightTile: {},
-             inflightPost: {},
-             closed: {},
-             rtree: new RBush(),
-             strings: _strings,
-             colors: _colors
-           };
-         },
 
-         loadIssues(projection) {
-           let params = {
-             // Tiles return a maximum # of issues
-             // So we want to filter our request for only types iD supports
-             item: _osmoseData.items
-           };
+             function LodashWrapper(value, chainAll) {
+               this.__wrapped__ = value;
+               this.__actions__ = [];
+               this.__chain__ = !!chainAll;
+               this.__index__ = 0;
+               this.__values__ = undefined$1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * By default, the template delimiters used by lodash are like those in
+              * embedded Ruby (ERB) as well as ES2015 template strings. Change the
+              * following template settings to use alternative delimiters.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @type {Object}
+              */
 
-           // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
-           let tiles = tiler$2
-             .zoomExtent([_tileZoom$2, _tileZoom$2])
-             .getTiles(projection);
 
-           // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
-           abortUnwantedRequests$2(_cache$2, tiles);
+             lodash.templateSettings = {
+               /**
+                * Used to detect `data` property values to be HTML-escaped.
+                *
+                * @memberOf _.templateSettings
+                * @type {RegExp}
+                */
+               'escape': reEscape,
+
+               /**
+                * Used to detect code to be evaluated.
+                *
+                * @memberOf _.templateSettings
+                * @type {RegExp}
+                */
+               'evaluate': reEvaluate,
+
+               /**
+                * Used to detect `data` property values to inject.
+                *
+                * @memberOf _.templateSettings
+                * @type {RegExp}
+                */
+               'interpolate': reInterpolate,
+
+               /**
+                * Used to reference the data object in the template text.
+                *
+                * @memberOf _.templateSettings
+                * @type {string}
+                */
+               'variable': '',
+
+               /**
+                * Used to import variables into the compiled template.
+                *
+                * @memberOf _.templateSettings
+                * @type {Object}
+                */
+               'imports': {
+                 /**
+                  * A reference to the `lodash` function.
+                  *
+                  * @memberOf _.templateSettings.imports
+                  * @type {Function}
+                  */
+                 '_': lodash
+               }
+             }; // Ensure wrappers are instances of `baseLodash`.
+
+             lodash.prototype = baseLodash.prototype;
+             lodash.prototype.constructor = lodash;
+             LodashWrapper.prototype = baseCreate(baseLodash.prototype);
+             LodashWrapper.prototype.constructor = LodashWrapper;
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-           // issue new requests..
-           tiles.forEach(tile => {
-             if (_cache$2.loadedTile[tile.id] || _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id]) return;
+             /**
+              * Creates a lazy wrapper object which wraps `value` to enable lazy evaluation.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @constructor
+              * @param {*} value The value to wrap.
+              */
 
-             let [ x, y, z ] = tile.xyz;
-             let url = `${_osmoseUrlRoot}/issues/${z}/${x}/${y}.json?` + utilQsString(params);
+             function LazyWrapper(value) {
+               this.__wrapped__ = value;
+               this.__actions__ = [];
+               this.__dir__ = 1;
+               this.__filtered__ = false;
+               this.__iteratees__ = [];
+               this.__takeCount__ = MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH;
+               this.__views__ = [];
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a clone of the lazy wrapper object.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name clone
+              * @memberOf LazyWrapper
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the cloned `LazyWrapper` object.
+              */
 
-             let controller = new AbortController();
-             _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id] = controller;
 
-             d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
-               .then(data => {
-                 delete _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id];
-                 _cache$2.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
+             function lazyClone() {
+               var result = new LazyWrapper(this.__wrapped__);
+               result.__actions__ = copyArray(this.__actions__);
+               result.__dir__ = this.__dir__;
+               result.__filtered__ = this.__filtered__;
+               result.__iteratees__ = copyArray(this.__iteratees__);
+               result.__takeCount__ = this.__takeCount__;
+               result.__views__ = copyArray(this.__views__);
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Reverses the direction of lazy iteration.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name reverse
+              * @memberOf LazyWrapper
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new reversed `LazyWrapper` object.
+              */
+
+
+             function lazyReverse() {
+               if (this.__filtered__) {
+                 var result = new LazyWrapper(this);
+                 result.__dir__ = -1;
+                 result.__filtered__ = true;
+               } else {
+                 result = this.clone();
+                 result.__dir__ *= -1;
+               }
+
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Extracts the unwrapped value from its lazy wrapper.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name value
+              * @memberOf LazyWrapper
+              * @returns {*} Returns the unwrapped value.
+              */
 
-                 if (data.features) {
-                   data.features.forEach(issue => {
-                     const { item, class: cl, uuid: id } = issue.properties;
-                     /* Osmose issues are uniquely identified by a unique
-                       `item` and `class` combination (both integer values) */
-                     const itemType = `${item}-${cl}`;
 
-                     // Filter out unsupported issue types (some are too specific or advanced)
-                     if (itemType in _osmoseData.icons) {
-                       let loc = issue.geometry.coordinates; // lon, lat
-                       loc = preventCoincident$1(loc);
+             function lazyValue() {
+               var array = this.__wrapped__.value(),
+                   dir = this.__dir__,
+                   isArr = isArray(array),
+                   isRight = dir < 0,
+                   arrLength = isArr ? array.length : 0,
+                   view = getView(0, arrLength, this.__views__),
+                   start = view.start,
+                   end = view.end,
+                   length = end - start,
+                   index = isRight ? end : start - 1,
+                   iteratees = this.__iteratees__,
+                   iterLength = iteratees.length,
+                   resIndex = 0,
+                   takeCount = nativeMin(length, this.__takeCount__);
 
-                       let d = new QAItem(loc, this, itemType, id, { item });
+               if (!isArr || !isRight && arrLength == length && takeCount == length) {
+                 return baseWrapperValue(array, this.__actions__);
+               }
 
-                       // Setting elems here prevents UI detail requests
-                       if (item === 8300 || item === 8360) {
-                         d.elems = [];
-                       }
+               var result = [];
 
-                       _cache$2.data[d.id] = d;
-                       _cache$2.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$2(d));
+               outer: while (length-- && resIndex < takeCount) {
+                 index += dir;
+                 var iterIndex = -1,
+                     value = array[index];
+
+                 while (++iterIndex < iterLength) {
+                   var data = iteratees[iterIndex],
+                       iteratee = data.iteratee,
+                       type = data.type,
+                       computed = iteratee(value);
+
+                   if (type == LAZY_MAP_FLAG) {
+                     value = computed;
+                   } else if (!computed) {
+                     if (type == LAZY_FILTER_FLAG) {
+                       continue outer;
+                     } else {
+                       break outer;
                      }
-                   });
+                   }
                  }
 
-                 dispatch$3.call('loaded');
-               })
-               .catch(() => {
-                 delete _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id];
-                 _cache$2.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
-               });
-           });
-         },
+                 result[resIndex++] = value;
+               }
 
-         loadIssueDetail(issue) {
-           // Issue details only need to be fetched once
-           if (issue.elems !== undefined) {
-             return Promise.resolve(issue);
-           }
+               return result;
+             } // Ensure `LazyWrapper` is an instance of `baseLodash`.
 
-           const url = `${_osmoseUrlRoot}/issue/${issue.id}?langs=${_mainLocalizer.localeCode()}`;
-           const cacheDetails = data => {
-             // Associated elements used for highlighting
-             // Assign directly for immediate use in the callback
-             issue.elems = data.elems.map(e => e.type.substring(0,1) + e.id);
 
-             // Some issues have instance specific detail in a subtitle
-             issue.detail = data.subtitle ? marked_1(data.subtitle.auto) : '';
+             LazyWrapper.prototype = baseCreate(baseLodash.prototype);
+             LazyWrapper.prototype.constructor = LazyWrapper;
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-             this.replaceItem(issue);
-           };
+             /**
+              * Creates a hash object.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @constructor
+              * @param {Array} [entries] The key-value pairs to cache.
+              */
 
-           return d3_json(url).then(cacheDetails).then(() => issue);
-         },
+             function Hash(entries) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = entries == null ? 0 : entries.length;
+               this.clear();
+
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var entry = entries[index];
+                 this.set(entry[0], entry[1]);
+               }
+             }
+             /**
+              * Removes all key-value entries from the hash.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name clear
+              * @memberOf Hash
+              */
 
-         loadStrings(locale=_mainLocalizer.localeCode()) {
-           const items = Object.keys(_osmoseData.icons);
 
-           if (
-             locale in _cache$2.strings
-             && Object.keys(_cache$2.strings[locale]).length === items.length
-           ) {
-               return Promise.resolve(_cache$2.strings[locale]);
-           }
+             function hashClear() {
+               this.__data__ = nativeCreate ? nativeCreate(null) : {};
+               this.size = 0;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Removes `key` and its value from the hash.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name delete
+              * @memberOf Hash
+              * @param {Object} hash The hash to modify.
+              * @param {string} key The key of the value to remove.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the entry was removed, else `false`.
+              */
 
-           // May be partially populated already if some requests were successful
-           if (!(locale in _cache$2.strings)) {
-             _cache$2.strings[locale] = {};
-           }
 
-           // Only need to cache strings for supported issue types
-           // Using multiple individual item + class requests to reduce fetched data size
-           const allRequests = items.map(itemType => {
-             // No need to request data we already have
-             if (itemType in _cache$2.strings[locale]) return;
+             function hashDelete(key) {
+               var result = this.has(key) && delete this.__data__[key];
+               this.size -= result ? 1 : 0;
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the hash value for `key`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name get
+              * @memberOf Hash
+              * @param {string} key The key of the value to get.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the entry value.
+              */
 
-             const cacheData = data => {
-               // Bunch of nested single value arrays of objects
-               const [ cat = {items:[]} ] = data.categories;
-               const [ item = {class:[]} ] = cat.items;
-               const [ cl = null ] = item.class;
 
-               // If null default value is reached, data wasn't as expected (or was empty)
-               if (!cl) {
-                 /* eslint-disable no-console */
-                 console.log(`Osmose strings request (${itemType}) had unexpected data`);
-                 /* eslint-enable no-console */
-                 return;
-               }
+             function hashGet(key) {
+               var data = this.__data__;
 
-               // Cache served item colors to automatically style issue markers later
-               const { item: itemInt, color } = item;
-               if (/^#[A-Fa-f0-9]{6}|[A-Fa-f0-9]{3}/.test(color)) {
-                 _cache$2.colors[itemInt] = color;
+               if (nativeCreate) {
+                 var result = data[key];
+                 return result === HASH_UNDEFINED ? undefined$1 : result;
                }
 
-               // Value of root key will be null if no string exists
-               // If string exists, value is an object with key 'auto' for string
-               const { title, detail, fix, trap } = cl;
+               return hasOwnProperty.call(data, key) ? data[key] : undefined$1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if a hash value for `key` exists.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name has
+              * @memberOf Hash
+              * @param {string} key The key of the entry to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if an entry for `key` exists, else `false`.
+              */
 
-               // Osmose titles shouldn't contain markdown
-               let issueStrings = {};
-               if (title) issueStrings.title = title.auto;
-               if (detail) issueStrings.detail = marked_1(detail.auto);
-               if (trap) issueStrings.trap = marked_1(trap.auto);
-               if (fix) issueStrings.fix = marked_1(fix.auto);
 
-               _cache$2.strings[locale][itemType] = issueStrings;
-             };
+             function hashHas(key) {
+               var data = this.__data__;
+               return nativeCreate ? data[key] !== undefined$1 : hasOwnProperty.call(data, key);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Sets the hash `key` to `value`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name set
+              * @memberOf Hash
+              * @param {string} key The key of the value to set.
+              * @param {*} value The value to set.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the hash instance.
+              */
 
-             const [ item, cl ] = itemType.split('-');
 
-             // Osmose API falls back to English strings where untranslated or if locale doesn't exist
-             const url = `${_osmoseUrlRoot}/items/${item}/class/${cl}?langs=${locale}`;
+             function hashSet(key, value) {
+               var data = this.__data__;
+               this.size += this.has(key) ? 0 : 1;
+               data[key] = nativeCreate && value === undefined$1 ? HASH_UNDEFINED : value;
+               return this;
+             } // Add methods to `Hash`.
 
-             return d3_json(url).then(cacheData);
-           });
 
-           return Promise.all(allRequests).then(() => _cache$2.strings[locale]);
-         },
+             Hash.prototype.clear = hashClear;
+             Hash.prototype['delete'] = hashDelete;
+             Hash.prototype.get = hashGet;
+             Hash.prototype.has = hashHas;
+             Hash.prototype.set = hashSet;
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-         getStrings(itemType, locale=_mainLocalizer.localeCode()) {
-           // No need to fallback to English, Osmose API handles this for us
-           return (locale in _cache$2.strings) ? _cache$2.strings[locale][itemType] : {};
-         },
+             /**
+              * Creates an list cache object.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @constructor
+              * @param {Array} [entries] The key-value pairs to cache.
+              */
 
-         getColor(itemType) {
-           return (itemType in _cache$2.colors) ? _cache$2.colors[itemType] : '#FFFFFF';
-         },
+             function ListCache(entries) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = entries == null ? 0 : entries.length;
+               this.clear();
 
-         postUpdate(issue, callback) {
-           if (_cache$2.inflightPost[issue.id]) {
-             return callback({ message: 'Issue update already inflight', status: -2 }, issue);
-           }
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var entry = entries[index];
+                 this.set(entry[0], entry[1]);
+               }
+             }
+             /**
+              * Removes all key-value entries from the list cache.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name clear
+              * @memberOf ListCache
+              */
 
-           // UI sets the status to either 'done' or 'false'
-           const url = `${_osmoseUrlRoot}/issue/${issue.id}/${issue.newStatus}`;
-           const controller = new AbortController();
-           const after = () => {
-             delete _cache$2.inflightPost[issue.id];
 
-             this.removeItem(issue);
-             if (issue.newStatus === 'done') {
-               // Keep track of the number of issues closed per `item` to tag the changeset
-               if (!(issue.item in _cache$2.closed)) {
-                 _cache$2.closed[issue.item] = 0;
-               }
-               _cache$2.closed[issue.item] += 1;
+             function listCacheClear() {
+               this.__data__ = [];
+               this.size = 0;
              }
-             if (callback) callback(null, issue);
-           };
+             /**
+              * Removes `key` and its value from the list cache.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name delete
+              * @memberOf ListCache
+              * @param {string} key The key of the value to remove.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the entry was removed, else `false`.
+              */
 
-           _cache$2.inflightPost[issue.id] = controller;
 
-           fetch(url, { signal: controller.signal })
-             .then(after)
-             .catch(err => {
-               delete _cache$2.inflightPost[issue.id];
-               if (callback) callback(err.message);
-             });
-         },
+             function listCacheDelete(key) {
+               var data = this.__data__,
+                   index = assocIndexOf(data, key);
 
-         // Get all cached QAItems covering the viewport
-         getItems(projection) {
-           const viewport = projection.clipExtent();
-           const min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
-           const max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
-           const bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+               if (index < 0) {
+                 return false;
+               }
 
-           return _cache$2.rtree.search(bbox).map(d => d.data);
-         },
+               var lastIndex = data.length - 1;
 
-         // Get a QAItem from cache
-         // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
-         getError(id) {
-           return _cache$2.data[id];
-         },
+               if (index == lastIndex) {
+                 data.pop();
+               } else {
+                 splice.call(data, index, 1);
+               }
 
-         // get the name of the icon to display for this item
-         getIcon(itemType) {
-           return _osmoseData.icons[itemType];
-         },
+               --this.size;
+               return true;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the list cache value for `key`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name get
+              * @memberOf ListCache
+              * @param {string} key The key of the value to get.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the entry value.
+              */
 
-         // Replace a single QAItem in the cache
-         replaceItem(item) {
-           if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) return;
 
-           _cache$2.data[item.id] = item;
-           updateRtree$2(encodeIssueRtree$2(item), true); // true = replace
-           return item;
-         },
+             function listCacheGet(key) {
+               var data = this.__data__,
+                   index = assocIndexOf(data, key);
+               return index < 0 ? undefined$1 : data[index][1];
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if a list cache value for `key` exists.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name has
+              * @memberOf ListCache
+              * @param {string} key The key of the entry to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if an entry for `key` exists, else `false`.
+              */
 
-         // Remove a single QAItem from the cache
-         removeItem(item) {
-           if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) return;
 
-           delete _cache$2.data[item.id];
-           updateRtree$2(encodeIssueRtree$2(item), false); // false = remove
-         },
+             function listCacheHas(key) {
+               return assocIndexOf(this.__data__, key) > -1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Sets the list cache `key` to `value`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name set
+              * @memberOf ListCache
+              * @param {string} key The key of the value to set.
+              * @param {*} value The value to set.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the list cache instance.
+              */
 
-         // Used to populate `closed:osmose:*` changeset tags
-         getClosedCounts() {
-           return _cache$2.closed;
-         },
 
-         itemURL(item) {
-           return `https://osmose.openstreetmap.fr/en/error/${item.id}`;
-         }
-       };
+             function listCacheSet(key, value) {
+               var data = this.__data__,
+                   index = assocIndexOf(data, key);
 
-       /*
-           A standalone SVG element that contains only a `defs` sub-element. To be
-           used once globally, since defs IDs must be unique within a document.
-       */
-       function svgDefs(context) {
+               if (index < 0) {
+                 ++this.size;
+                 data.push([key, value]);
+               } else {
+                 data[index][1] = value;
+               }
 
-           function drawDefs(selection) {
-               var defs = selection.append('defs');
-
-               // add markers
-               defs
-                   .append('marker')
-                   .attr('id', 'ideditor-oneway-marker')
-                   .attr('viewBox', '0 0 10 5')
-                   .attr('refX', 2.5)
-                   .attr('refY', 2.5)
-                   .attr('markerWidth', 2)
-                   .attr('markerHeight', 2)
-                   .attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth')
-                   .attr('orient', 'auto')
-                   .append('path')
-                   .attr('class', 'oneway-marker-path')
-                   .attr('d', 'M 5,3 L 0,3 L 0,2 L 5,2 L 5,0 L 10,2.5 L 5,5 z')
-                   .attr('stroke', 'none')
-                   .attr('fill', '#000')
-                   .attr('opacity', '0.75');
-
-               // SVG markers have to be given a colour where they're defined
-               // (they can't inherit it from the line they're attached to),
-               // so we need to manually define markers for each color of tag
-               // (also, it's slightly nicer if we can control the
-               // positioning for different tags)
-               function addSidedMarker(name, color, offset) {
-                   defs
-                       .append('marker')
-                       .attr('id', 'ideditor-sided-marker-' + name)
-                       .attr('viewBox', '0 0 2 2')
-                       .attr('refX', 1)
-                       .attr('refY', -offset)
-                       .attr('markerWidth', 1.5)
-                       .attr('markerHeight', 1.5)
-                       .attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth')
-                       .attr('orient', 'auto')
-                       .append('path')
-                       .attr('class', 'sided-marker-path sided-marker-' + name + '-path')
-                       .attr('d', 'M 0,0 L 1,1 L 2,0 z')
-                       .attr('stroke', 'none')
-                       .attr('fill', color);
-               }
-               addSidedMarker('natural', 'rgb(170, 170, 170)', 0);
-               // for a coastline, the arrows are (somewhat unintuitively) on
-               // the water side, so let's color them blue (with a gap) to
-               // give a stronger indication
-               addSidedMarker('coastline', '#77dede', 1);
-               addSidedMarker('waterway', '#77dede', 1);
-               // barriers have a dashed line, and separating the triangle
-               // from the line visually suits that
-               addSidedMarker('barrier', '#ddd', 1);
-               addSidedMarker('man_made', '#fff', 0);
-
-               defs
-                   .append('marker')
-                   .attr('id', 'ideditor-viewfield-marker')
-                   .attr('viewBox', '0 0 16 16')
-                   .attr('refX', 8)
-                   .attr('refY', 16)
-                   .attr('markerWidth', 4)
-                   .attr('markerHeight', 4)
-                   .attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth')
-                   .attr('orient', 'auto')
-                   .append('path')
-                   .attr('class', 'viewfield-marker-path')
-                   .attr('d', 'M 6,14 C 8,13.4 8,13.4 10,14 L 16,3 C 12,0 4,0 0,3 z')
-                   .attr('fill', '#333')
-                   .attr('fill-opacity', '0.75')
-                   .attr('stroke', '#fff')
-                   .attr('stroke-width', '0.5px')
-                   .attr('stroke-opacity', '0.75');
-
-               defs
-                   .append('marker')
-                   .attr('id', 'ideditor-viewfield-marker-wireframe')
-                   .attr('viewBox', '0 0 16 16')
-                   .attr('refX', 8)
-                   .attr('refY', 16)
-                   .attr('markerWidth', 4)
-                   .attr('markerHeight', 4)
-                   .attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth')
-                   .attr('orient', 'auto')
-                   .append('path')
-                   .attr('class', 'viewfield-marker-path')
-                   .attr('d', 'M 6,14 C 8,13.4 8,13.4 10,14 L 16,3 C 12,0 4,0 0,3 z')
-                   .attr('fill', 'none')
-                   .attr('stroke', '#fff')
-                   .attr('stroke-width', '0.5px')
-                   .attr('stroke-opacity', '0.75');
-
-               // add patterns
-               var patterns = defs.selectAll('pattern')
-                   .data([
-                       // pattern name, pattern image name
-                       ['beach', 'dots'],
-                       ['construction', 'construction'],
-                       ['cemetery', 'cemetery'],
-                       ['cemetery_christian', 'cemetery_christian'],
-                       ['cemetery_buddhist', 'cemetery_buddhist'],
-                       ['cemetery_muslim', 'cemetery_muslim'],
-                       ['cemetery_jewish', 'cemetery_jewish'],
-                       ['farmland', 'farmland'],
-                       ['farmyard', 'farmyard'],
-                       ['forest', 'forest'],
-                       ['forest_broadleaved', 'forest_broadleaved'],
-                       ['forest_needleleaved', 'forest_needleleaved'],
-                       ['forest_leafless', 'forest_leafless'],
-                       ['golf_green', 'grass'],
-                       ['grass', 'grass'],
-                       ['landfill', 'landfill'],
-                       ['meadow', 'grass'],
-                       ['orchard', 'orchard'],
-                       ['pond', 'pond'],
-                       ['quarry', 'quarry'],
-                       ['scrub', 'bushes'],
-                       ['vineyard', 'vineyard'],
-                       ['water_standing', 'lines'],
-                       ['waves', 'waves'],
-                       ['wetland', 'wetland'],
-                       ['wetland_marsh', 'wetland_marsh'],
-                       ['wetland_swamp', 'wetland_swamp'],
-                       ['wetland_bog', 'wetland_bog'],
-                       ['wetland_reedbed', 'wetland_reedbed']
-                   ])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('pattern')
-                   .attr('id', function (d) { return 'ideditor-pattern-' + d[0]; })
-                   .attr('width', 32)
-                   .attr('height', 32)
-                   .attr('patternUnits', 'userSpaceOnUse');
-
-               patterns
-                   .append('rect')
-                   .attr('x', 0)
-                   .attr('y', 0)
-                   .attr('width', 32)
-                   .attr('height', 32)
-                   .attr('class', function (d) { return 'pattern-color-' + d[0]; });
-
-               patterns
-                   .append('image')
-                   .attr('x', 0)
-                   .attr('y', 0)
-                   .attr('width', 32)
-                   .attr('height', 32)
-                   .attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
-                       return context.imagePath('pattern/' + d[1] + '.png');
-                   });
+               return this;
+             } // Add methods to `ListCache`.
 
-               // add clip paths
-               defs.selectAll('clipPath')
-                   .data([12, 18, 20, 32, 45])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('clipPath')
-                   .attr('id', function (d) { return 'ideditor-clip-square-' + d; })
-                   .append('rect')
-                   .attr('x', 0)
-                   .attr('y', 0)
-                   .attr('width', function (d) { return d; })
-                   .attr('height', function (d) { return d; });
 
-               // add symbol spritesheets
-               defs
-                   .call(drawDefs.addSprites, [
-                       'iD-sprite', 'maki-sprite', 'temaki-sprite', 'fa-sprite', 'tnp-sprite', 'community-sprite'
-                   ], true);
-           }
+             ListCache.prototype.clear = listCacheClear;
+             ListCache.prototype['delete'] = listCacheDelete;
+             ListCache.prototype.get = listCacheGet;
+             ListCache.prototype.has = listCacheHas;
+             ListCache.prototype.set = listCacheSet;
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
+             /**
+              * Creates a map cache object to store key-value pairs.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @constructor
+              * @param {Array} [entries] The key-value pairs to cache.
+              */
 
-           drawDefs.addSprites = function(selection, ids, overrideColors) {
-               var spritesheets = selection.selectAll('.spritesheet');
-               var currData = spritesheets.data();
-               var data = utilArrayUniq(currData.concat(ids));
+             function MapCache(entries) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = entries == null ? 0 : entries.length;
+               this.clear();
 
-               spritesheets
-                   .data(data)
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'spritesheet spritesheet-' + d; })
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       var url = context.imagePath(d + '.svg');
-                       var node = select(this).node();
-
-                       svg(url)
-                           .then(function(svg) {
-                               node.appendChild(
-                                   select(svg.documentElement).attr('id', 'ideditor-' + d).node()
-                               );
-                               if (overrideColors && d !== 'iD-sprite') {   // allow icon colors to be overridden..
-                                   select(node).selectAll('path')
-                                       .attr('fill', 'currentColor');
-                               }
-                           })
-                           .catch(function() {
-                               /* ignore */
-                           });
-                   });
-           };
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var entry = entries[index];
+                 this.set(entry[0], entry[1]);
+               }
+             }
+             /**
+              * Removes all key-value entries from the map.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name clear
+              * @memberOf MapCache
+              */
 
 
-           return drawDefs;
-       }
-
-       /* global Mapillary:false */
-
-
-       var apibase = 'https://a.mapillary.com/v3/';
-       var viewercss = 'mapillary-js/mapillary.min.css';
-       var viewerjs = 'mapillary-js/mapillary.min.js';
-       var clientId = 'NzNRM2otQkR2SHJzaXJmNmdQWVQ0dzo1ZWYyMmYwNjdmNDdlNmVi';
-       var mapFeatureConfig = {
-           values: [
-               'construction--flat--crosswalk-plain',
-               'marking--discrete--crosswalk-zebra',
-               'object--banner',
-               'object--bench',
-               'object--bike-rack',
-               'object--billboard',
-               'object--catch-basin',
-               'object--cctv-camera',
-               'object--fire-hydrant',
-               'object--mailbox',
-               'object--manhole',
-               'object--phone-booth',
-               'object--sign--advertisement',
-               'object--sign--information',
-               'object--sign--store',
-               'object--street-light',
-               'object--support--utility-pole',
-               'object--traffic-light--*',
-               'object--traffic-light--pedestrians',
-               'object--trash-can'
-           ].join(',')
-       };
-       var maxResults = 1000;
-       var tileZoom = 14;
-       var tiler$3 = utilTiler().zoomExtent([tileZoom, tileZoom]).skipNullIsland(true);
-       var dispatch$4 = dispatch('loadedImages', 'loadedSigns', 'loadedMapFeatures', 'bearingChanged');
-       var _mlyFallback = false;
-       var _mlyCache;
-       var _mlyClicks;
-       var _mlySelectedImageKey;
-       var _mlyViewer;
+             function mapCacheClear() {
+               this.size = 0;
+               this.__data__ = {
+                 'hash': new Hash(),
+                 'map': new (Map || ListCache)(),
+                 'string': new Hash()
+               };
+             }
+             /**
+              * Removes `key` and its value from the map.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name delete
+              * @memberOf MapCache
+              * @param {string} key The key of the value to remove.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the entry was removed, else `false`.
+              */
 
 
-       function abortRequest$3(controller) {
-           controller.abort();
-       }
+             function mapCacheDelete(key) {
+               var result = getMapData(this, key)['delete'](key);
+               this.size -= result ? 1 : 0;
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the map value for `key`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name get
+              * @memberOf MapCache
+              * @param {string} key The key of the value to get.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the entry value.
+              */
 
 
-       function maxPageAtZoom(z) {
-           if (z < 15)   return 2;
-           if (z === 15) return 5;
-           if (z === 16) return 10;
-           if (z === 17) return 20;
-           if (z === 18) return 40;
-           if (z > 18)   return 80;
-       }
+             function mapCacheGet(key) {
+               return getMapData(this, key).get(key);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if a map value for `key` exists.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name has
+              * @memberOf MapCache
+              * @param {string} key The key of the entry to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if an entry for `key` exists, else `false`.
+              */
 
 
-       function loadTiles(which, url, projection) {
-           var currZoom = Math.floor(geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale()));
-           var tiles = tiler$3.getTiles(projection);
+             function mapCacheHas(key) {
+               return getMapData(this, key).has(key);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Sets the map `key` to `value`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name set
+              * @memberOf MapCache
+              * @param {string} key The key of the value to set.
+              * @param {*} value The value to set.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the map cache instance.
+              */
 
-           // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
-           var cache = _mlyCache[which];
-           Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function(k) {
-               var wanted = tiles.find(function(tile) { return k.indexOf(tile.id + ',') === 0; });
-               if (!wanted) {
-                   abortRequest$3(cache.inflight[k]);
-                   delete cache.inflight[k];
-               }
-           });
 
-           tiles.forEach(function(tile) {
-               loadNextTilePage(which, currZoom, url, tile);
-           });
-       }
+             function mapCacheSet(key, value) {
+               var data = getMapData(this, key),
+                   size = data.size;
+               data.set(key, value);
+               this.size += data.size == size ? 0 : 1;
+               return this;
+             } // Add methods to `MapCache`.
 
 
-       function loadNextTilePage(which, currZoom, url, tile) {
-           var cache = _mlyCache[which];
-           var rect = tile.extent.rectangle();
-           var maxPages = maxPageAtZoom(currZoom);
-           var nextPage = cache.nextPage[tile.id] || 0;
-           var nextURL = cache.nextURL[tile.id] || url +
-               utilQsString({
-                   per_page: maxResults,
-                   page: nextPage,
-                   client_id: clientId,
-                   bbox: [rect[0], rect[1], rect[2], rect[3]].join(','),
-               });
+             MapCache.prototype.clear = mapCacheClear;
+             MapCache.prototype['delete'] = mapCacheDelete;
+             MapCache.prototype.get = mapCacheGet;
+             MapCache.prototype.has = mapCacheHas;
+             MapCache.prototype.set = mapCacheSet;
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-           if (nextPage > maxPages) return;
+             /**
+              *
+              * Creates an array cache object to store unique values.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @constructor
+              * @param {Array} [values] The values to cache.
+              */
 
-           var id = tile.id + ',' + String(nextPage);
-           if (cache.loaded[id] || cache.inflight[id]) return;
+             function SetCache(values) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = values == null ? 0 : values.length;
+               this.__data__ = new MapCache();
 
-           var controller = new AbortController();
-           cache.inflight[id] = controller;
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 this.add(values[index]);
+               }
+             }
+             /**
+              * Adds `value` to the array cache.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name add
+              * @memberOf SetCache
+              * @alias push
+              * @param {*} value The value to cache.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the cache instance.
+              */
 
-           var options = {
-               method: 'GET',
-               signal: controller.signal,
-               headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' }
-           };
 
-           fetch(nextURL, options)
-               .then(function(response) {
-                   if (!response.ok) {
-                       throw new Error(response.status + ' ' + response.statusText);
-                   }
-                   var linkHeader = response.headers.get('Link');
-                   if (linkHeader) {
-                       var pagination = parsePagination(linkHeader);
-                       if (pagination.next) {
-                           cache.nextURL[tile.id] = pagination.next;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   return response.json();
-               })
-               .then(function(data) {
-                   cache.loaded[id] = true;
-                   delete cache.inflight[id];
-                   if (!data || !data.features || !data.features.length) {
-                       throw new Error('No Data');
-                   }
+             function setCacheAdd(value) {
+               this.__data__.set(value, HASH_UNDEFINED);
 
-                   var features = data.features.map(function(feature) {
-                       var loc = feature.geometry.coordinates;
-                       var d;
-
-                       // An image (shown as a green dot on the map) is a single street photo with extra
-                       // information such as location, camera angle (CA), camera model, and so on.
-                       // Each image feature is a GeoJSON Point
-                       if (which === 'images') {
-                           d = {
-                               loc: loc,
-                               key: feature.properties.key,
-                               ca: feature.properties.ca,
-                               captured_at: feature.properties.captured_at,
-                               captured_by: feature.properties.username,
-                               pano: feature.properties.pano
-                           };
-
-                           cache.forImageKey[d.key] = d;     // cache imageKey -> image
-
-                       // Mapillary organizes images as sequences. A sequence of images are continuously captured
-                       // by a user at a give time. Sequences are shown on the map as green lines.
-                       // Each sequence feature is a GeoJSON LineString
-                       } else if (which === 'sequences') {
-                           var sequenceKey = feature.properties.key;
-                           cache.lineString[sequenceKey] = feature;           // cache sequenceKey -> lineString
-                           feature.properties.coordinateProperties.image_keys.forEach(function(imageKey) {
-                               cache.forImageKey[imageKey] = sequenceKey;     // cache imageKey -> sequenceKey
-                           });
-                           return false;    // because no `d` data worth loading into an rbush
-
-                       // An image detection is a semantic pixel area on an image. The area could indicate
-                       // sky, trees, sidewalk in the image. A detection can be a polygon, a bounding box, or a point.
-                       // Each image_detection feature is a GeoJSON Point (located where the image was taken)
-                       } else if (which === 'image_detections') {
-                           d = {
-                               key: feature.properties.key,
-                               image_key: feature.properties.image_key,
-                               value: feature.properties.value,
-                               package: feature.properties.package,
-                               shape: feature.properties.shape
-                           };
-
-                           // cache imageKey -> image_detections
-                           if (!cache.forImageKey[d.image_key]) {
-                               cache.forImageKey[d.image_key] = [];
-                           }
-                           cache.forImageKey[d.image_key].push(d);
-                           return false;    // because no `d` data worth loading into an rbush
-
-
-                       // A map feature is a real world object that can be shown on a map. It could be any object
-                       // recognized from images, manually added in images, or added on the map.
-                       // Each map feature is a GeoJSON Point (located where the feature is)
-                       } else if (which === 'map_features' || which === 'points') {
-                           d = {
-                               loc: loc,
-                               key: feature.properties.key,
-                               value: feature.properties.value,
-                               package: feature.properties.package,
-                               detections: feature.properties.detections
-                           };
-                       }
+               return this;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is in the array cache.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name has
+              * @memberOf SetCache
+              * @param {*} value The value to search for.
+              * @returns {number} Returns `true` if `value` is found, else `false`.
+              */
 
-                       return {
-                           minX: loc[0], minY: loc[1], maxX: loc[0], maxY: loc[1], data: d
-                       };
 
-                   }).filter(Boolean);
+             function setCacheHas(value) {
+               return this.__data__.has(value);
+             } // Add methods to `SetCache`.
 
-                   if (cache.rtree && features) {
-                       cache.rtree.load(features);
-                   }
 
-                   if (data.features.length === maxResults) {  // more pages to load
-                       cache.nextPage[tile.id] = nextPage + 1;
-                       loadNextTilePage(which, currZoom, url, tile);
-                   } else {
-                       cache.nextPage[tile.id] = Infinity;     // no more pages to load
-                   }
+             SetCache.prototype.add = SetCache.prototype.push = setCacheAdd;
+             SetCache.prototype.has = setCacheHas;
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-                   if (which === 'images' || which === 'sequences') {
-                       dispatch$4.call('loadedImages');
-                   } else if (which === 'map_features') {
-                       dispatch$4.call('loadedSigns');
-                   } else if (which === 'points') {
-                       dispatch$4.call('loadedMapFeatures');
-                   }
-               })
-               .catch(function() {
-                   cache.loaded[id] = true;
-                   delete cache.inflight[id];
-               });
-       }
+             /**
+              * Creates a stack cache object to store key-value pairs.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @constructor
+              * @param {Array} [entries] The key-value pairs to cache.
+              */
 
-       // extract links to pages of API results
-       function parsePagination(links) {
-           return links.split(',').map(function(rel) {
-               var elements = rel.split(';');
-               if (elements.length === 2) {
-                   return [
-                       /<(.+)>/.exec(elements[0])[1],
-                       /rel="(.+)"/.exec(elements[1])[1]
-                   ];
-               } else {
-                   return ['',''];
-               }
-           }).reduce(function(pagination, val) {
-               pagination[val[1]] = val[0];
-               return pagination;
-           }, {});
-       }
+             function Stack(entries) {
+               var data = this.__data__ = new ListCache(entries);
+               this.size = data.size;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Removes all key-value entries from the stack.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name clear
+              * @memberOf Stack
+              */
 
 
-       // partition viewport into higher zoom tiles
-       function partitionViewport(projection) {
-           var z = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
-           var z2 = (Math.ceil(z * 2) / 2) + 2.5;   // round to next 0.5 and add 2.5
-           var tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([z2, z2]);
+             function stackClear() {
+               this.__data__ = new ListCache();
+               this.size = 0;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Removes `key` and its value from the stack.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name delete
+              * @memberOf Stack
+              * @param {string} key The key of the value to remove.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the entry was removed, else `false`.
+              */
 
-           return tiler.getTiles(projection)
-               .map(function(tile) { return tile.extent; });
-       }
 
+             function stackDelete(key) {
+               var data = this.__data__,
+                   result = data['delete'](key);
+               this.size = data.size;
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the stack value for `key`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name get
+              * @memberOf Stack
+              * @param {string} key The key of the value to get.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the entry value.
+              */
 
-       // no more than `limit` results per partition.
-       function searchLimited(limit, projection, rtree) {
-           limit = limit || 5;
 
-           return partitionViewport(projection)
-               .reduce(function(result, extent) {
-                   var found = rtree.search(extent.bbox())
-                       .slice(0, limit)
-                       .map(function(d) { return d.data; });
+             function stackGet(key) {
+               return this.__data__.get(key);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if a stack value for `key` exists.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name has
+              * @memberOf Stack
+              * @param {string} key The key of the entry to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if an entry for `key` exists, else `false`.
+              */
 
-                   return (found.length ? result.concat(found) : result);
-               }, []);
-       }
 
+             function stackHas(key) {
+               return this.__data__.has(key);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Sets the stack `key` to `value`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @name set
+              * @memberOf Stack
+              * @param {string} key The key of the value to set.
+              * @param {*} value The value to set.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the stack cache instance.
+              */
 
 
-       var serviceMapillary = {
+             function stackSet(key, value) {
+               var data = this.__data__;
 
-           init: function() {
-               if (!_mlyCache) {
-                   this.reset();
-               }
+               if (data instanceof ListCache) {
+                 var pairs = data.__data__;
 
-               this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$4, 'on');
-           },
+                 if (!Map || pairs.length < LARGE_ARRAY_SIZE - 1) {
+                   pairs.push([key, value]);
+                   this.size = ++data.size;
+                   return this;
+                 }
 
-           reset: function() {
-               if (_mlyCache) {
-                   Object.values(_mlyCache.images.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
-                   Object.values(_mlyCache.image_detections.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
-                   Object.values(_mlyCache.map_features.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
-                   Object.values(_mlyCache.points.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
-                   Object.values(_mlyCache.sequences.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
-               }
-
-               _mlyCache = {
-                   images: { inflight: {}, loaded: {}, nextPage: {}, nextURL: {}, rtree: new RBush(), forImageKey: {} },
-                   image_detections: { inflight: {}, loaded: {}, nextPage: {}, nextURL: {}, forImageKey: {} },
-                   map_features: { inflight: {}, loaded: {}, nextPage: {}, nextURL: {}, rtree: new RBush() },
-                   points: { inflight: {}, loaded: {}, nextPage: {}, nextURL: {}, rtree: new RBush() },
-                   sequences: { inflight: {}, loaded: {}, nextPage: {}, nextURL: {}, rtree: new RBush(), forImageKey: {}, lineString: {} }
-               };
+                 data = this.__data__ = new MapCache(pairs);
+               }
 
-               _mlySelectedImageKey = null;
-               _mlyClicks = [];
-           },
+               data.set(key, value);
+               this.size = data.size;
+               return this;
+             } // Add methods to `Stack`.
 
 
-           images: function(projection) {
-               var limit = 5;
-               return searchLimited(limit, projection, _mlyCache.images.rtree);
-           },
+             Stack.prototype.clear = stackClear;
+             Stack.prototype['delete'] = stackDelete;
+             Stack.prototype.get = stackGet;
+             Stack.prototype.has = stackHas;
+             Stack.prototype.set = stackSet;
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of the enumerable property names of the array-like `value`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to query.
+              * @param {boolean} inherited Specify returning inherited property names.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the array of property names.
+              */
 
-           signs: function(projection) {
-               var limit = 5;
-               return searchLimited(limit, projection, _mlyCache.map_features.rtree);
-           },
+             function arrayLikeKeys(value, inherited) {
+               var isArr = isArray(value),
+                   isArg = !isArr && isArguments(value),
+                   isBuff = !isArr && !isArg && isBuffer(value),
+                   isType = !isArr && !isArg && !isBuff && isTypedArray(value),
+                   skipIndexes = isArr || isArg || isBuff || isType,
+                   result = skipIndexes ? baseTimes(value.length, String) : [],
+                   length = result.length;
+
+               for (var key in value) {
+                 if ((inherited || hasOwnProperty.call(value, key)) && !(skipIndexes && ( // Safari 9 has enumerable `arguments.length` in strict mode.
+                 key == 'length' || // Node.js 0.10 has enumerable non-index properties on buffers.
+                 isBuff && (key == 'offset' || key == 'parent') || // PhantomJS 2 has enumerable non-index properties on typed arrays.
+                 isType && (key == 'buffer' || key == 'byteLength' || key == 'byteOffset') || // Skip index properties.
+                 isIndex(key, length)))) {
+                   result.push(key);
+                 }
+               }
 
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * A specialized version of `_.sample` for arrays.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to sample.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the random element.
+              */
 
-           mapFeatures: function(projection) {
-               var limit = 5;
-               return searchLimited(limit, projection, _mlyCache.points.rtree);
-           },
 
+             function arraySample(array) {
+               var length = array.length;
+               return length ? array[baseRandom(0, length - 1)] : undefined$1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * A specialized version of `_.sampleSize` for arrays.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to sample.
+              * @param {number} n The number of elements to sample.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the random elements.
+              */
 
-           cachedImage: function(imageKey) {
-               return _mlyCache.images.forImageKey[imageKey];
-           },
 
+             function arraySampleSize(array, n) {
+               return shuffleSelf(copyArray(array), baseClamp(n, 0, array.length));
+             }
+             /**
+              * A specialized version of `_.shuffle` for arrays.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to shuffle.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new shuffled array.
+              */
 
-           sequences: function(projection) {
-               var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
-               var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
-               var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
-               var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
-               var sequenceKeys = {};
 
-               // all sequences for images in viewport
-               _mlyCache.images.rtree.search(bbox)
-                   .forEach(function(d) {
-                       var sequenceKey = _mlyCache.sequences.forImageKey[d.data.key];
-                       if (sequenceKey) {
-                           sequenceKeys[sequenceKey] = true;
-                       }
-                   });
+             function arrayShuffle(array) {
+               return shuffleSelf(copyArray(array));
+             }
+             /**
+              * This function is like `assignValue` except that it doesn't assign
+              * `undefined` values.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to modify.
+              * @param {string} key The key of the property to assign.
+              * @param {*} value The value to assign.
+              */
 
-               // Return lineStrings for the sequences
-               return Object.keys(sequenceKeys).map(function(sequenceKey) {
-                   return _mlyCache.sequences.lineString[sequenceKey];
-               });
-           },
 
+             function assignMergeValue(object, key, value) {
+               if (value !== undefined$1 && !eq(object[key], value) || value === undefined$1 && !(key in object)) {
+                 baseAssignValue(object, key, value);
+               }
+             }
+             /**
+              * Assigns `value` to `key` of `object` if the existing value is not equivalent
+              * using [`SameValueZero`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-samevaluezero)
+              * for equality comparisons.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to modify.
+              * @param {string} key The key of the property to assign.
+              * @param {*} value The value to assign.
+              */
 
-           signsSupported: function() {
-               return true;
-           },
 
+             function assignValue(object, key, value) {
+               var objValue = object[key];
 
-           loadImages: function(projection) {
-               loadTiles('images', apibase + 'images?sort_by=key&', projection);
-               loadTiles('sequences', apibase + 'sequences?sort_by=key&', projection);
-           },
+               if (!(hasOwnProperty.call(object, key) && eq(objValue, value)) || value === undefined$1 && !(key in object)) {
+                 baseAssignValue(object, key, value);
+               }
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the index at which the `key` is found in `array` of key-value pairs.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {*} key The key to search for.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
+              */
 
 
-           loadSigns: function(projection) {
-               // if we are looking at signs, we'll actually need to fetch images too
-               loadTiles('images', apibase + 'images?sort_by=key&', projection);
-               loadTiles('map_features', apibase + 'map_features?layers=trafficsigns&min_nbr_image_detections=2&sort_by=key&', projection);
-               loadTiles('image_detections', apibase + 'image_detections?layers=trafficsigns&sort_by=key&', projection);
-           },
+             function assocIndexOf(array, key) {
+               var length = array.length;
 
+               while (length--) {
+                 if (eq(array[length][0], key)) {
+                   return length;
+                 }
+               }
 
-           loadMapFeatures: function(projection) {
-               // if we are looking at signs, we'll actually need to fetch images too
-               loadTiles('images', apibase + 'images?sort_by=key', projection);
-               loadTiles('points', apibase + 'map_features?layers=points&min_nbr_image_detections=2&sort_by=key&values=' + mapFeatureConfig.values + '&', projection);
-               loadTiles('image_detections', apibase + 'image_detections?layers=points&sort_by=key&values=' + mapFeatureConfig.values + '&', projection);
-           },
+               return -1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Aggregates elements of `collection` on `accumulator` with keys transformed
+              * by `iteratee` and values set by `setter`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} setter The function to set `accumulator` values.
+              * @param {Function} iteratee The iteratee to transform keys.
+              * @param {Object} accumulator The initial aggregated object.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns `accumulator`.
+              */
 
 
-           loadViewer: function(context) {
-               // add mly-wrapper
-               var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer')
-                   .selectAll('.mly-wrapper')
-                   .data([0]);
+             function baseAggregator(collection, setter, iteratee, accumulator) {
+               baseEach(collection, function (value, key, collection) {
+                 setter(accumulator, value, iteratee(value), collection);
+               });
+               return accumulator;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.assign` without support for multiple sources
+              * or `customizer` functions.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The destination object.
+              * @param {Object} source The source object.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              */
 
-               wrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('id', 'ideditor-mly')
-                   .attr('class', 'photo-wrapper mly-wrapper')
-                   .classed('hide', true);
 
-               // load mapillary-viewercss
-               select('head').selectAll('#ideditor-mapillary-viewercss')
-                   .data([0])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('link')
-                   .attr('id', 'ideditor-mapillary-viewercss')
-                   .attr('rel', 'stylesheet')
-                   .attr('href', context.asset(viewercss));
+             function baseAssign(object, source) {
+               return object && copyObject(source, keys(source), object);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.assignIn` without support for multiple sources
+              * or `customizer` functions.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The destination object.
+              * @param {Object} source The source object.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              */
 
-               // load mapillary-viewerjs
-               select('head').selectAll('#ideditor-mapillary-viewerjs')
-                   .data([0])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('script')
-                   .attr('id', 'ideditor-mapillary-viewerjs')
-                   .attr('src', context.asset(viewerjs));
-
-               // load mapillary signs sprite
-               var defs = context.container().select('defs');
-               defs.call(svgDefs(context).addSprites, ['mapillary-sprite', 'mapillary-object-sprite'], false /* don't override colors */ );
-
-               // Register viewer resize handler
-               context.ui().photoviewer.on('resize.mapillary', function() {
-                   if (_mlyViewer) {
-                       _mlyViewer.resize();
-                   }
-               });
-           },
 
+             function baseAssignIn(object, source) {
+               return object && copyObject(source, keysIn(source), object);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `assignValue` and `assignMergeValue` without
+              * value checks.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to modify.
+              * @param {string} key The key of the property to assign.
+              * @param {*} value The value to assign.
+              */
 
-           showViewer: function(context) {
-               var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer')
-                   .classed('hide', false);
 
-               var isHidden = wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.mly-wrapper.hide').size();
+             function baseAssignValue(object, key, value) {
+               if (key == '__proto__' && defineProperty) {
+                 defineProperty(object, key, {
+                   'configurable': true,
+                   'enumerable': true,
+                   'value': value,
+                   'writable': true
+                 });
+               } else {
+                 object[key] = value;
+               }
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.at` without support for individual paths.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
+              * @param {string[]} paths The property paths to pick.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the picked elements.
+              */
 
-               if (isHidden && _mlyViewer) {
-                   wrap
-                       .selectAll('.photo-wrapper:not(.mly-wrapper)')
-                       .classed('hide', true);
 
-                   wrap
-                       .selectAll('.photo-wrapper.mly-wrapper')
-                       .classed('hide', false);
+             function baseAt(object, paths) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = paths.length,
+                   result = Array(length),
+                   skip = object == null;
 
-                   _mlyViewer.resize();
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 result[index] = skip ? undefined$1 : get(object, paths[index]);
                }
 
-               return this;
-           },
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.clamp` which doesn't coerce arguments.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {number} number The number to clamp.
+              * @param {number} [lower] The lower bound.
+              * @param {number} upper The upper bound.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the clamped number.
+              */
 
 
-           hideViewer: function(context) {
-               _mlySelectedImageKey = null;
+             function baseClamp(number, lower, upper) {
+               if (number === number) {
+                 if (upper !== undefined$1) {
+                   number = number <= upper ? number : upper;
+                 }
 
-               if (!_mlyFallback && _mlyViewer) {
-                   _mlyViewer.getComponent('sequence').stop();
+                 if (lower !== undefined$1) {
+                   number = number >= lower ? number : lower;
+                 }
                }
 
-               var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-               if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(null);
+               return number;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.clone` and `_.cloneDeep` which tracks
+              * traversed objects.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to clone.
+              * @param {boolean} bitmask The bitmask flags.
+              *  1 - Deep clone
+              *  2 - Flatten inherited properties
+              *  4 - Clone symbols
+              * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize cloning.
+              * @param {string} [key] The key of `value`.
+              * @param {Object} [object] The parent object of `value`.
+              * @param {Object} [stack] Tracks traversed objects and their clone counterparts.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the cloned value.
+              */
 
-               viewer
-                   .classed('hide', true)
-                   .selectAll('.photo-wrapper')
-                   .classed('hide', true);
 
-               context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group, .sequence, .icon-detected')
-                   .classed('currentView', false);
+             function baseClone(value, bitmask, customizer, key, object, stack) {
+               var result,
+                   isDeep = bitmask & CLONE_DEEP_FLAG,
+                   isFlat = bitmask & CLONE_FLAT_FLAG,
+                   isFull = bitmask & CLONE_SYMBOLS_FLAG;
 
-               return this.setStyles(context, null, true);
-           },
+               if (customizer) {
+                 result = object ? customizer(value, key, object, stack) : customizer(value);
+               }
 
+               if (result !== undefined$1) {
+                 return result;
+               }
 
-           parsePagination: parsePagination,
+               if (!isObject(value)) {
+                 return value;
+               }
 
+               var isArr = isArray(value);
 
-           updateViewer: function(context, imageKey) {
-               if (!imageKey) return this;
+               if (isArr) {
+                 result = initCloneArray(value);
 
-               if (!_mlyViewer) {
-                   this.initViewer(context, imageKey);
+                 if (!isDeep) {
+                   return copyArray(value, result);
+                 }
                } else {
-                   _mlyViewer.moveToKey(imageKey)
-                       .catch(function(e) { console.error('mly3', e); });  // eslint-disable-line no-console
-               }
-
-               return this;
-           },
+                 var tag = getTag(value),
+                     isFunc = tag == funcTag || tag == genTag;
 
+                 if (isBuffer(value)) {
+                   return cloneBuffer(value, isDeep);
+                 }
 
-           initViewer: function(context, imageKey) {
-               var that = this;
-               if (window.Mapillary && imageKey) {
-                   var opts = {
-                       baseImageSize: 320,
-                       component: {
-                           cover: false,
-                           keyboard: false,
-                           tag: true
-                       }
-                   };
+                 if (tag == objectTag || tag == argsTag || isFunc && !object) {
+                   result = isFlat || isFunc ? {} : initCloneObject(value);
 
-                   // Disable components requiring WebGL support
-                   if (!Mapillary.isSupported() && Mapillary.isFallbackSupported()) {
-                       _mlyFallback = true;
-                       opts.component = {
-                           cover: false,
-                           direction: false,
-                           imagePlane: false,
-                           keyboard: false,
-                           mouse: false,
-                           sequence: false,
-                           tag: false,
-                           image: true,        // fallback
-                           navigation: true    // fallback
-                       };
+                   if (!isDeep) {
+                     return isFlat ? copySymbolsIn(value, baseAssignIn(result, value)) : copySymbols(value, baseAssign(result, value));
+                   }
+                 } else {
+                   if (!cloneableTags[tag]) {
+                     return object ? value : {};
                    }
 
-                   _mlyViewer = new Mapillary.Viewer('ideditor-mly', clientId, null, opts);
-                   _mlyViewer.on('nodechanged', nodeChanged);
-                   _mlyViewer.on('bearingchanged', bearingChanged);
-                   _mlyViewer.moveToKey(imageKey)
-                       .catch(function(e) { console.error('mly3', e); });  // eslint-disable-line no-console
-               }
+                   result = initCloneByTag(value, tag, isDeep);
+                 }
+               } // Check for circular references and return its corresponding clone.
 
-               // nodeChanged: called after the viewer has changed images and is ready.
-               //
-               // There is some logic here to batch up clicks into a _mlyClicks array
-               // because the user might click on a lot of markers quickly and nodechanged
-               // may be called out of order asychronously.
-               //
-               // Clicks are added to the array in `selectedImage` and removed here.
-               //
-               function nodeChanged(node) {
-                   if (!_mlyFallback) {
-                       _mlyViewer.getComponent('tag').removeAll();  // remove previous detections
-                   }
 
-                   var clicks = _mlyClicks;
-                   var index = clicks.indexOf(node.key);
-                   var selectedKey = _mlySelectedImageKey;
+               stack || (stack = new Stack());
+               var stacked = stack.get(value);
 
-                   if (index > -1) {              // `nodechanged` initiated from clicking on a marker..
-                       clicks.splice(index, 1);   // remove the click
-                       // If `node.key` matches the current _mlySelectedImageKey, call `selectImage()`
-                       // one more time to update the detections and attribution..
-                       if (node.key === selectedKey) {
-                           that.selectImage(context, _mlySelectedImageKey, true);
-                       }
-                   } else {             // `nodechanged` initiated from the Mapillary viewer controls..
-                       var loc = node.computedLatLon ? [node.computedLatLon.lon, node.computedLatLon.lat] : [node.latLon.lon, node.latLon.lat];
-                       context.map().centerEase(loc);
-                       that.selectImage(context, node.key, true);
-                   }
+               if (stacked) {
+                 return stacked;
                }
 
-               function bearingChanged(e) {
-                   dispatch$4.call('bearingChanged', undefined, e);
-               }
-           },
+               stack.set(value, result);
 
+               if (isSet(value)) {
+                 value.forEach(function (subValue) {
+                   result.add(baseClone(subValue, bitmask, customizer, subValue, value, stack));
+                 });
+               } else if (isMap(value)) {
+                 value.forEach(function (subValue, key) {
+                   result.set(key, baseClone(subValue, bitmask, customizer, key, value, stack));
+                 });
+               }
 
-           // Pass in the image key string as `imageKey`.
-           // This allows images to be selected from places that dont have access
-           // to the full image datum (like the street signs layer or the js viewer)
-           selectImage: function(context, imageKey, fromViewer) {
+               var keysFunc = isFull ? isFlat ? getAllKeysIn : getAllKeys : isFlat ? keysIn : keys;
+               var props = isArr ? undefined$1 : keysFunc(value);
+               arrayEach(props || value, function (subValue, key) {
+                 if (props) {
+                   key = subValue;
+                   subValue = value[key];
+                 } // Recursively populate clone (susceptible to call stack limits).
 
-               _mlySelectedImageKey = imageKey;
 
-               // Note the datum could be missing, but we'll try to carry on anyway.
-               // There just might be a delay before user sees detections, captured_at, etc.
-               var d = _mlyCache.images.forImageKey[imageKey];
+                 assignValue(result, key, baseClone(subValue, bitmask, customizer, key, value, stack));
+               });
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.conforms` which doesn't clone `source`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} source The object of property predicates to conform to.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new spec function.
+              */
 
-               var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-               if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(d);
 
-               imageKey = (d && d.key) || imageKey;
-               if (!fromViewer && imageKey) {
-                   _mlyClicks.push(imageKey);
-               }
+             function baseConforms(source) {
+               var props = keys(source);
+               return function (object) {
+                 return baseConformsTo(object, source, props);
+               };
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.conformsTo` which accepts `props` to check.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
+              * @param {Object} source The object of property predicates to conform to.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `object` conforms, else `false`.
+              */
 
-               this.setStyles(context, null, true);
 
-               // if signs signs are shown, highlight the ones that appear in this image
-               context.container().selectAll('.layer-mapillary-signs .icon-detected')
-                   .classed('currentView', function(d) {
-                       return d.detections.some(function(detection) {
-                           return detection.image_key === imageKey;
-                       });
-                   });
+             function baseConformsTo(object, source, props) {
+               var length = props.length;
 
-               if (d) {
-                   this.updateDetections(d);
+               if (object == null) {
+                 return !length;
                }
 
-               return this;
-           },
+               object = Object(object);
 
+               while (length--) {
+                 var key = props[length],
+                     predicate = source[key],
+                     value = object[key];
 
-           getSelectedImageKey: function() {
-               return _mlySelectedImageKey;
-           },
+                 if (value === undefined$1 && !(key in object) || !predicate(value)) {
+                   return false;
+                 }
+               }
 
+               return true;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.delay` and `_.defer` which accepts `args`
+              * to provide to `func`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to delay.
+              * @param {number} wait The number of milliseconds to delay invocation.
+              * @param {Array} args The arguments to provide to `func`.
+              * @returns {number|Object} Returns the timer id or timeout object.
+              */
 
-           getSequenceKeyForImageKey: function(imageKey) {
-               return _mlyCache.sequences.forImageKey[imageKey];
-           },
 
+             function baseDelay(func, wait, args) {
+               if (typeof func != 'function') {
+                 throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
+               }
 
-           // Updates the currently highlighted sequence and selected bubble.
-           // Reset is only necessary when interacting with the viewport because
-           // this implicitly changes the currently selected bubble/sequence
-           setStyles: function(context, hovered, reset) {
-               if (reset) {  // reset all layers
-                   context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group')
-                       .classed('highlighted', false)
-                       .classed('hovered', false)
-                       .classed('currentView', false);
+               return setTimeout(function () {
+                 func.apply(undefined$1, args);
+               }, wait);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of methods like `_.difference` without support
+              * for excluding multiple arrays or iteratee shorthands.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {Array} values The values to exclude.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @param {Function} [comparator] The comparator invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of filtered values.
+              */
 
-                   context.container().selectAll('.sequence')
-                       .classed('highlighted', false)
-                       .classed('currentView', false);
-               }
 
-               var hoveredImageKey = hovered && hovered.key;
-               var hoveredSequenceKey = hoveredImageKey && this.getSequenceKeyForImageKey(hoveredImageKey);
-               var hoveredLineString = hoveredSequenceKey && _mlyCache.sequences.lineString[hoveredSequenceKey];
-               var hoveredImageKeys = (hoveredLineString && hoveredLineString.properties.coordinateProperties.image_keys) || [];
+             function baseDifference(array, values, iteratee, comparator) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   includes = arrayIncludes,
+                   isCommon = true,
+                   length = array.length,
+                   result = [],
+                   valuesLength = values.length;
 
-               var selectedImageKey = _mlySelectedImageKey;
-               var selectedSequenceKey = selectedImageKey && this.getSequenceKeyForImageKey(selectedImageKey);
-               var selectedLineString = selectedSequenceKey && _mlyCache.sequences.lineString[selectedSequenceKey];
-               var selectedImageKeys = (selectedLineString && selectedLineString.properties.coordinateProperties.image_keys) || [];
+               if (!length) {
+                 return result;
+               }
 
-               // highlight sibling viewfields on either the selected or the hovered sequences
-               var highlightedImageKeys = utilArrayUnion(hoveredImageKeys, selectedImageKeys);
+               if (iteratee) {
+                 values = arrayMap(values, baseUnary(iteratee));
+               }
 
-               context.container().selectAll('.layer-mapillary .viewfield-group')
-                   .classed('highlighted', function(d) { return highlightedImageKeys.indexOf(d.key) !== -1; })
-                   .classed('hovered', function(d) { return d.key === hoveredImageKey; })
-                   .classed('currentView', function(d) { return d.key === selectedImageKey; });
+               if (comparator) {
+                 includes = arrayIncludesWith;
+                 isCommon = false;
+               } else if (values.length >= LARGE_ARRAY_SIZE) {
+                 includes = cacheHas;
+                 isCommon = false;
+                 values = new SetCache(values);
+               }
 
-               context.container().selectAll('.layer-mapillary .sequence')
-                   .classed('highlighted', function(d) { return d.properties.key === hoveredSequenceKey; })
-                   .classed('currentView', function(d) { return d.properties.key === selectedSequenceKey; });
+               outer: while (++index < length) {
+                 var value = array[index],
+                     computed = iteratee == null ? value : iteratee(value);
+                 value = comparator || value !== 0 ? value : 0;
 
-               // update viewfields if needed
-               context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group .viewfield')
-                   .attr('d', viewfieldPath);
+                 if (isCommon && computed === computed) {
+                   var valuesIndex = valuesLength;
 
-               function viewfieldPath() {
-                   var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
-                   if (d.pano && d.key !== selectedImageKey) {
-                       return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
-                   } else {
-                       return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
+                   while (valuesIndex--) {
+                     if (values[valuesIndex] === computed) {
+                       continue outer;
+                     }
                    }
+
+                   result.push(value);
+                 } else if (!includes(values, computed, comparator)) {
+                   result.push(value);
+                 }
                }
 
-               return this;
-           },
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.forEach` without support for iteratee shorthands.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array|Object} Returns `collection`.
+              */
 
 
-           updateDetections: function(d) {
-               if (!_mlyViewer || _mlyFallback) return;
+             var baseEach = createBaseEach(baseForOwn);
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.forEachRight` without support for iteratee shorthands.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array|Object} Returns `collection`.
+              */
 
-               var imageKey = d && d.key;
-               if (!imageKey) return;
+             var baseEachRight = createBaseEach(baseForOwnRight, true);
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.every` without support for iteratee shorthands.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if all elements pass the predicate check,
+              *  else `false`
+              */
 
-               var detections = _mlyCache.image_detections.forImageKey[imageKey] || [];
-               detections.forEach(function(data) {
-                   var tag = makeTag(data);
-                   if (tag) {
-                       var tagComponent = _mlyViewer.getComponent('tag');
-                       tagComponent.add([tag]);
-                   }
+             function baseEvery(collection, predicate) {
+               var result = true;
+               baseEach(collection, function (value, index, collection) {
+                 result = !!predicate(value, index, collection);
+                 return result;
                });
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of methods like `_.max` and `_.min` which accepts a
+              * `comparator` to determine the extremum value.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} iteratee The iteratee invoked per iteration.
+              * @param {Function} comparator The comparator used to compare values.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the extremum value.
+              */
 
-               function makeTag(data) {
-                   var valueParts = data.value.split('--');
-                   if (valueParts.length !== 3) return;
-
-                   var text = valueParts[1].replace(/-/g, ' ');
-                   var tag;
-
-                   // Currently only two shapes <Polygon|Point>
-                   if (data.shape.type === 'Polygon') {
-                       var polygonGeometry = new Mapillary
-                           .TagComponent
-                           .PolygonGeometry(data.shape.coordinates[0]);
-
-                       tag = new Mapillary.TagComponent.OutlineTag(
-                           data.key,
-                           polygonGeometry,
-                           {
-                               text: text,
-                               textColor: 0xffff00,
-                               lineColor: 0xffff00,
-                               lineWidth: 2,
-                               fillColor: 0xffff00,
-                               fillOpacity: 0.3,
-                           }
-                       );
 
-                   } else if (data.shape.type === 'Point') {
-                       var pointGeometry = new Mapillary
-                           .TagComponent
-                           .PointGeometry(data.shape.coordinates[0]);
-
-                       tag = new Mapillary.TagComponent.SpotTag(
-                           data.key,
-                           pointGeometry,
-                           {
-                               text: text,
-                               color: 0xffff00,
-                               textColor: 0xffff00
-                           }
-                       );
-                   }
+             function baseExtremum(array, iteratee, comparator) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = array.length;
 
-                   return tag;
-               }
-           },
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var value = array[index],
+                     current = iteratee(value);
 
+                 if (current != null && (computed === undefined$1 ? current === current && !isSymbol(current) : comparator(current, computed))) {
+                   var computed = current,
+                       result = value;
+                 }
+               }
 
-           cache: function() {
-               return _mlyCache;
-           }
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.fill` without an iteratee call guard.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to fill.
+              * @param {*} value The value to fill `array` with.
+              * @param {number} [start=0] The start position.
+              * @param {number} [end=array.length] The end position.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
+              */
 
-       };
 
-       function validationIssue(attrs) {
-           this.type = attrs.type;                // required - name of rule that created the issue (e.g. 'missing_tag')
-           this.subtype = attrs.subtype;          // optional - category of the issue within the type (e.g. 'relation_type' under 'missing_tag')
-           this.severity = attrs.severity;        // required - 'warning' or 'error'
-           this.message = attrs.message;          // required - function returning localized string
-           this.reference = attrs.reference;      // optional - function(selection) to render reference information
-           this.entityIds = attrs.entityIds;      // optional - array of IDs of entities involved in the issue
-           this.loc = attrs.loc;                  // optional - [lon, lat] to zoom in on to see the issue
-           this.data = attrs.data;                // optional - object containing extra data for the fixes
-           this.dynamicFixes = attrs.dynamicFixes;// optional - function(context) returning fixes
-           this.hash = attrs.hash;                // optional - string to further differentiate the issue
+             function baseFill(array, value, start, end) {
+               var length = array.length;
+               start = toInteger(start);
 
-           this.id = generateID.apply(this);      // generated - see below
-           this.autoFix = null;                   // generated - if autofix exists, will be set below
+               if (start < 0) {
+                 start = -start > length ? 0 : length + start;
+               }
 
-           // A unique, deterministic string hash.
-           // Issues with identical id values are considered identical.
-           function generateID() {
-               var parts = [this.type];
+               end = end === undefined$1 || end > length ? length : toInteger(end);
 
-               if (this.hash) {   // subclasses can pass in their own differentiator
-                   parts.push(this.hash);
+               if (end < 0) {
+                 end += length;
                }
 
-               if (this.subtype) {
-                   parts.push(this.subtype);
-               }
+               end = start > end ? 0 : toLength(end);
 
-               // include the entities this issue is for
-               // (sort them so the id is deterministic)
-               if (this.entityIds) {
-                   var entityKeys = this.entityIds.slice().sort();
-                   parts.push.apply(parts, entityKeys);
+               while (start < end) {
+                 array[start++] = value;
                }
 
-               return parts.join(':');
-           }
+               return array;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.filter` without support for iteratee shorthands.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new filtered array.
+              */
 
-           this.extent = function(resolver) {
-               if (this.loc) {
-                   return geoExtent(this.loc);
-               }
-               if (this.entityIds && this.entityIds.length) {
-                   return this.entityIds.reduce(function(extent, entityId) {
-                       return extent.extend(resolver.entity(entityId).extent(resolver));
-                   }, geoExtent());
-               }
-               return null;
-           };
 
-           this.fixes = function(context) {
-               var fixes = this.dynamicFixes ? this.dynamicFixes(context) : [];
-               var issue = this;
+             function baseFilter(collection, predicate) {
+               var result = [];
+               baseEach(collection, function (value, index, collection) {
+                 if (predicate(value, index, collection)) {
+                   result.push(value);
+                 }
+               });
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.flatten` with support for restricting flattening.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to flatten.
+              * @param {number} depth The maximum recursion depth.
+              * @param {boolean} [predicate=isFlattenable] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @param {boolean} [isStrict] Restrict to values that pass `predicate` checks.
+              * @param {Array} [result=[]] The initial result value.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new flattened array.
+              */
+
 
-               if (issue.severity === 'warning') {
-                   // allow ignoring any issue that's not an error
-                   fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                       title: _t('issues.fix.ignore_issue.title'),
-                       icon: 'iD-icon-close',
-                       onClick: function() {
-                           context.validator().ignoreIssue(this.issue.id);
-                       }
-                   }));
-               }
+             function baseFlatten(array, depth, predicate, isStrict, result) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = array.length;
+               predicate || (predicate = isFlattenable);
+               result || (result = []);
+
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var value = array[index];
 
-               fixes.forEach(function(fix) {
-                   fix.id = fix.title;
-                   // add a reference to the issue for use in actions
-                   fix.issue = issue;
-                   if (fix.autoArgs) {
-                       issue.autoFix = fix;
+                 if (depth > 0 && predicate(value)) {
+                   if (depth > 1) {
+                     // Recursively flatten arrays (susceptible to call stack limits).
+                     baseFlatten(value, depth - 1, predicate, isStrict, result);
+                   } else {
+                     arrayPush(result, value);
                    }
-               });
-               return fixes;
-           };
+                 } else if (!isStrict) {
+                   result[result.length] = value;
+                 }
+               }
 
-       }
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `baseForOwn` which iterates over `object`
+              * properties returned by `keysFunc` and invokes `iteratee` for each property.
+              * Iteratee functions may exit iteration early by explicitly returning `false`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @param {Function} keysFunc The function to get the keys of `object`.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              */
 
 
-       function validationIssueFix(attrs) {
-           this.title = attrs.title;                   // Required
-           this.onClick = attrs.onClick;               // Optional - the function to run to apply the fix
-           this.disabledReason = attrs.disabledReason; // Optional - a string explaining why the fix is unavailable, if any
-           this.icon = attrs.icon;                     // Optional - shows 'iD-icon-wrench' if not set
-           this.entityIds = attrs.entityIds || [];     // Optional - used for hover-higlighting.
-           this.autoArgs = attrs.autoArgs;             // Optional - pass [actions, annotation] arglist if this fix can automatically run
+             var baseFor = createBaseFor();
+             /**
+              * This function is like `baseFor` except that it iterates over properties
+              * in the opposite order.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @param {Function} keysFunc The function to get the keys of `object`.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              */
 
-           this.issue = null;    // Generated link - added by validationIssue
-       }
+             var baseForRight = createBaseFor(true);
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.forOwn` without support for iteratee shorthands.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              */
 
-       var buildRuleChecks = function() {
-           return {
-               equals: function (equals) {
-                   return function(tags) {
-                       return Object.keys(equals).every(function(k) {
-                           return equals[k] === tags[k];
-                       });
-                   };
-               },
-               notEquals: function (notEquals) {
-                   return function(tags) {
-                       return Object.keys(notEquals).some(function(k) {
-                           return notEquals[k] !== tags[k];
-                       });
-                   };
-               },
-               absence: function(absence) {
-                   return function(tags) {
-                       return Object.keys(tags).indexOf(absence) === -1;
-                   };
-               },
-               presence: function(presence) {
-                   return function(tags) {
-                       return Object.keys(tags).indexOf(presence) > -1;
-                   };
-               },
-               greaterThan: function(greaterThan) {
-                   var key = Object.keys(greaterThan)[0];
-                   var value = greaterThan[key];
+             function baseForOwn(object, iteratee) {
+               return object && baseFor(object, iteratee, keys);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.forOwnRight` without support for iteratee shorthands.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              */
 
-                   return function(tags) {
-                       return tags[key] > value;
-                   };
-               },
-               greaterThanEqual: function(greaterThanEqual) {
-                   var key = Object.keys(greaterThanEqual)[0];
-                   var value = greaterThanEqual[key];
 
-                   return function(tags) {
-                       return tags[key] >= value;
-                   };
-               },
-               lessThan: function(lessThan) {
-                   var key = Object.keys(lessThan)[0];
-                   var value = lessThan[key];
+             function baseForOwnRight(object, iteratee) {
+               return object && baseForRight(object, iteratee, keys);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.functions` which creates an array of
+              * `object` function property names filtered from `props`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
+              * @param {Array} props The property names to filter.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the function names.
+              */
 
-                   return function(tags) {
-                       return tags[key] < value;
-                   };
-               },
-               lessThanEqual: function(lessThanEqual) {
-                   var key = Object.keys(lessThanEqual)[0];
-                   var value = lessThanEqual[key];
 
-                   return function(tags) {
-                       return tags[key] <= value;
-                   };
-               },
-               positiveRegex: function(positiveRegex) {
-                   var tagKey = Object.keys(positiveRegex)[0];
-                   var expression = positiveRegex[tagKey].join('|');
-                   var regex = new RegExp(expression);
+             function baseFunctions(object, props) {
+               return arrayFilter(props, function (key) {
+                 return isFunction(object[key]);
+               });
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.get` without support for default values.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to get.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the resolved value.
+              */
 
-                   return function(tags) {
-                       return regex.test(tags[tagKey]);
-                   };
-               },
-               negativeRegex: function(negativeRegex) {
-                   var tagKey = Object.keys(negativeRegex)[0];
-                   var expression = negativeRegex[tagKey].join('|');
-                   var regex = new RegExp(expression);
 
-                   return function(tags) {
-                       return !regex.test(tags[tagKey]);
-                   };
-               }
-           };
-       };
+             function baseGet(object, path) {
+               path = castPath(path, object);
+               var index = 0,
+                   length = path.length;
 
-       var buildLineKeys = function() {
-           return {
-               highway: {
-                   rest_area: true,
-                   services: true
-               },
-               railway: {
-                   roundhouse: true,
-                   station: true,
-                   traverser: true,
-                   turntable: true,
-                   wash: true
+               while (object != null && index < length) {
+                 object = object[toKey(path[index++])];
                }
-           };
-       };
 
-       var serviceMapRules = {
-           init: function() {
-               this._ruleChecks  = buildRuleChecks();
-               this._validationRules = [];
-               this._areaKeys = osmAreaKeys;
-               this._lineKeys = buildLineKeys();
-           },
+               return index && index == length ? object : undefined$1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `getAllKeys` and `getAllKeysIn` which uses
+              * `keysFunc` and `symbolsFunc` to get the enumerable property names and
+              * symbols of `object`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @param {Function} keysFunc The function to get the keys of `object`.
+              * @param {Function} symbolsFunc The function to get the symbols of `object`.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the array of property names and symbols.
+              */
 
-           // list of rules only relevant to tag checks...
-           filterRuleChecks: function(selector) {
-               var _ruleChecks = this._ruleChecks;
-               return Object.keys(selector).reduce(function(rules, key) {
-                   if (['geometry', 'error', 'warning'].indexOf(key) === -1) {
-                       rules.push(_ruleChecks[key](selector[key]));
-                   }
-                   return rules;
-               }, []);
-           },
 
-           // builds tagMap from mapcss-parse selector object...
-           buildTagMap: function(selector) {
-               var getRegexValues = function(regexes) {
-                   return regexes.map(function(regex) {
-                       return regex.replace(/\$|\^/g, '');
-                   });
-               };
+             function baseGetAllKeys(object, keysFunc, symbolsFunc) {
+               var result = keysFunc(object);
+               return isArray(object) ? result : arrayPush(result, symbolsFunc(object));
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `getTag` without fallbacks for buggy environments.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to query.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the `toStringTag`.
+              */
 
-               var tagMap = Object.keys(selector).reduce(function (expectedTags, key) {
-                   var values;
-                   var isRegex = /regex/gi.test(key);
-                   var isEqual = /equals/gi.test(key);
 
-                   if (isRegex || isEqual) {
-                       Object.keys(selector[key]).forEach(function(selectorKey) {
-                           values = isEqual ? [selector[key][selectorKey]] : getRegexValues(selector[key][selectorKey]);
+             function baseGetTag(value) {
+               if (value == null) {
+                 return value === undefined$1 ? undefinedTag : nullTag;
+               }
 
-                           if (expectedTags.hasOwnProperty(selectorKey)) {
-                               values = values.concat(expectedTags[selectorKey]);
-                           }
+               return symToStringTag && symToStringTag in Object(value) ? getRawTag(value) : objectToString(value);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.gt` which doesn't coerce arguments.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to compare.
+              * @param {*} other The other value to compare.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is greater than `other`,
+              *  else `false`.
+              */
 
-                           expectedTags[selectorKey] = values;
-                       });
 
-                   } else if (/(greater|less)Than(Equal)?|presence/g.test(key)) {
-                       var tagKey = /presence/.test(key) ? selector[key] : Object.keys(selector[key])[0];
+             function baseGt(value, other) {
+               return value > other;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.has` without support for deep paths.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} [object] The object to query.
+              * @param {Array|string} key The key to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `key` exists, else `false`.
+              */
 
-                       values = [selector[key][tagKey]];
 
-                       if (expectedTags.hasOwnProperty(tagKey)) {
-                           values = values.concat(expectedTags[tagKey]);
-                       }
+             function baseHas(object, key) {
+               return object != null && hasOwnProperty.call(object, key);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.hasIn` without support for deep paths.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} [object] The object to query.
+              * @param {Array|string} key The key to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `key` exists, else `false`.
+              */
 
-                       expectedTags[tagKey] = values;
-                   }
 
-                   return expectedTags;
-               }, {});
+             function baseHasIn(object, key) {
+               return object != null && key in Object(object);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.inRange` which doesn't coerce arguments.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {number} number The number to check.
+              * @param {number} start The start of the range.
+              * @param {number} end The end of the range.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `number` is in the range, else `false`.
+              */
 
-               return tagMap;
-           },
 
-           // inspired by osmWay#isArea()
-           inferGeometry: function(tagMap) {
-               var _lineKeys = this._lineKeys;
-               var _areaKeys = this._areaKeys;
+             function baseInRange(number, start, end) {
+               return number >= nativeMin(start, end) && number < nativeMax(start, end);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of methods like `_.intersection`, without support
+              * for iteratee shorthands, that accepts an array of arrays to inspect.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} arrays The arrays to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @param {Function} [comparator] The comparator invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of shared values.
+              */
 
-               var keyValueDoesNotImplyArea = function(key) {
-                   return utilArrayIntersection(tagMap[key], Object.keys(_areaKeys[key])).length > 0;
-               };
-               var keyValueImpliesLine = function(key) {
-                   return utilArrayIntersection(tagMap[key], Object.keys(_lineKeys[key])).length > 0;
-               };
 
-               if (tagMap.hasOwnProperty('area')) {
-                   if (tagMap.area.indexOf('yes') > -1) {
-                       return 'area';
-                   }
-                   if (tagMap.area.indexOf('no') > -1) {
-                       return 'line';
-                   }
-               }
+             function baseIntersection(arrays, iteratee, comparator) {
+               var includes = comparator ? arrayIncludesWith : arrayIncludes,
+                   length = arrays[0].length,
+                   othLength = arrays.length,
+                   othIndex = othLength,
+                   caches = Array(othLength),
+                   maxLength = Infinity,
+                   result = [];
 
-               for (var key in tagMap) {
-                   if (key in _areaKeys && !keyValueDoesNotImplyArea(key)) {
-                       return 'area';
-                   }
-                   if (key in _lineKeys && keyValueImpliesLine(key)) {
-                       return 'area';
-                   }
-               }
+               while (othIndex--) {
+                 var array = arrays[othIndex];
 
-               return 'line';
-           },
+                 if (othIndex && iteratee) {
+                   array = arrayMap(array, baseUnary(iteratee));
+                 }
 
-           // adds from mapcss-parse selector check...
-           addRule: function(selector) {
-               var rule = {
-                   // checks relevant to mapcss-selector
-                   checks: this.filterRuleChecks(selector),
-                   // true if all conditions for a tag error are true..
-                   matches: function(entity) {
-                       return this.checks.every(function(check) {
-                           return check(entity.tags);
-                       });
-                   },
-                   // borrowed from Way#isArea()
-                   inferredGeometry: this.inferGeometry(this.buildTagMap(selector), this._areaKeys),
-                   geometryMatches: function(entity, graph) {
-                       if (entity.type === 'node' || entity.type === 'relation') {
-                           return selector.geometry === entity.type;
-                       } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                           return this.inferredGeometry === entity.geometry(graph);
-                       }
-                   },
-                   // when geometries match and tag matches are present, return a warning...
-                   findIssues: function (entity, graph, issues) {
-                       if (this.geometryMatches(entity, graph) && this.matches(entity)) {
-                           var severity = Object.keys(selector).indexOf('error') > -1
-                                   ? 'error'
-                                   : 'warning';
-                           var message = selector[severity];
-                           issues.push(new validationIssue({
-                               type: 'maprules',
-                               severity: severity,
-                               message: function() {
-                                   return message;
-                               },
-                               entityIds: [entity.id]
-                           }));
-                       }
-                   }
-               };
-               this._validationRules.push(rule);
-           },
+                 maxLength = nativeMin(array.length, maxLength);
+                 caches[othIndex] = !comparator && (iteratee || length >= 120 && array.length >= 120) ? new SetCache(othIndex && array) : undefined$1;
+               }
 
-           clearRules: function() { this._validationRules = []; },
+               array = arrays[0];
+               var index = -1,
+                   seen = caches[0];
 
-           // returns validationRules...
-           validationRules: function() { return this._validationRules; },
+               outer: while (++index < length && result.length < maxLength) {
+                 var value = array[index],
+                     computed = iteratee ? iteratee(value) : value;
+                 value = comparator || value !== 0 ? value : 0;
 
-           // returns ruleChecks
-           ruleChecks: function() { return this._ruleChecks; }
-       };
+                 if (!(seen ? cacheHas(seen, computed) : includes(result, computed, comparator))) {
+                   othIndex = othLength;
 
-       var apibase$1 = 'https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/';
-       var _inflight = {};
-       var _nominatimCache;
+                   while (--othIndex) {
+                     var cache = caches[othIndex];
 
+                     if (!(cache ? cacheHas(cache, computed) : includes(arrays[othIndex], computed, comparator))) {
+                       continue outer;
+                     }
+                   }
 
-       var serviceNominatim = {
+                   if (seen) {
+                     seen.push(computed);
+                   }
 
-           init: function() {
-               _inflight = {};
-               _nominatimCache = new RBush();
-           },
+                   result.push(value);
+                 }
+               }
 
-           reset: function() {
-               Object.values(_inflight).forEach(function(controller) { controller.abort(); });
-               _inflight = {};
-               _nominatimCache = new RBush();
-           },
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.invert` and `_.invertBy` which inverts
+              * `object` with values transformed by `iteratee` and set by `setter`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} setter The function to set `accumulator` values.
+              * @param {Function} iteratee The iteratee to transform values.
+              * @param {Object} accumulator The initial inverted object.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns `accumulator`.
+              */
 
 
-           countryCode: function (location, callback) {
-               this.reverse(location, function(err, result) {
-                   if (err) {
-                       return callback(err);
-                   } else if (result.address) {
-                       return callback(null, result.address.country_code);
-                   } else {
-                       return callback('Unable to geocode', null);
-                   }
+             function baseInverter(object, setter, iteratee, accumulator) {
+               baseForOwn(object, function (value, key, object) {
+                 setter(accumulator, iteratee(value), key, object);
                });
-           },
+               return accumulator;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.invoke` without support for individual
+              * method arguments.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path of the method to invoke.
+              * @param {Array} args The arguments to invoke the method with.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the result of the invoked method.
+              */
 
 
-           reverse: function (loc, callback) {
-               var cached = _nominatimCache.search(
-                   { minX: loc[0], minY: loc[1], maxX: loc[0], maxY: loc[1] }
-               );
+             function baseInvoke(object, path, args) {
+               path = castPath(path, object);
+               object = parent(object, path);
+               var func = object == null ? object : object[toKey(last(path))];
+               return func == null ? undefined$1 : apply(func, object, args);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.isArguments`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an `arguments` object,
+              */
 
-               if (cached.length > 0) {
-                   if (callback) callback(null, cached[0].data);
-                   return;
-               }
 
-               var params = { zoom: 13, format: 'json', addressdetails: 1, lat: loc[1], lon: loc[0] };
-               var url = apibase$1 + 'reverse?' + utilQsString(params);
+             function baseIsArguments(value) {
+               return isObjectLike(value) && baseGetTag(value) == argsTag;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.isArrayBuffer` without Node.js optimizations.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an array buffer, else `false`.
+              */
 
-               if (_inflight[url]) return;
-               var controller = new AbortController();
-               _inflight[url] = controller;
 
-               d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
-                   .then(function(result) {
-                       delete _inflight[url];
-                       if (result && result.error) {
-                           throw new Error(result.error);
-                       }
-                       var extent = geoExtent(loc).padByMeters(200);
-                       _nominatimCache.insert(Object.assign(extent.bbox(), {data: result}));
-                       if (callback) callback(null, result);
-                   })
-                   .catch(function(err) {
-                       delete _inflight[url];
-                       if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
-                       if (callback) callback(err.message);
-                   });
-           },
+             function baseIsArrayBuffer(value) {
+               return isObjectLike(value) && baseGetTag(value) == arrayBufferTag;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.isDate` without Node.js optimizations.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a date object, else `false`.
+              */
 
 
-           search: function (val, callback) {
-               var searchVal = encodeURIComponent(val);
-               var url = apibase$1 + 'search/' + searchVal + '?limit=10&format=json';
+             function baseIsDate(value) {
+               return isObjectLike(value) && baseGetTag(value) == dateTag;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.isEqual` which supports partial comparisons
+              * and tracks traversed objects.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to compare.
+              * @param {*} other The other value to compare.
+              * @param {boolean} bitmask The bitmask flags.
+              *  1 - Unordered comparison
+              *  2 - Partial comparison
+              * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize comparisons.
+              * @param {Object} [stack] Tracks traversed `value` and `other` objects.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the values are equivalent, else `false`.
+              */
 
-               if (_inflight[url]) return;
-               var controller = new AbortController();
-               _inflight[url] = controller;
 
-               d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
-                   .then(function(result) {
-                       delete _inflight[url];
-                       if (result && result.error) {
-                           throw new Error(result.error);
-                       }
-                       if (callback) callback(null, result);
-                   })
-                   .catch(function(err) {
-                       delete _inflight[url];
-                       if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
-                       if (callback) callback(err.message);
-                   });
-           }
+             function baseIsEqual(value, other, bitmask, customizer, stack) {
+               if (value === other) {
+                 return true;
+               }
 
-       };
+               if (value == null || other == null || !isObjectLike(value) && !isObjectLike(other)) {
+                 return value !== value && other !== other;
+               }
 
-       var apibase$2 = 'https://openstreetcam.org';
-       var maxResults$1 = 1000;
-       var tileZoom$1 = 14;
-       var tiler$4 = utilTiler().zoomExtent([tileZoom$1, tileZoom$1]).skipNullIsland(true);
-       var dispatch$5 = dispatch('loadedImages');
-       var imgZoom = d3_zoom()
-           .extent([[0, 0], [320, 240]])
-           .translateExtent([[0, 0], [320, 240]])
-           .scaleExtent([1, 15]);
-       var _oscCache;
-       var _oscSelectedImage;
+               return baseIsEqualDeep(value, other, bitmask, customizer, baseIsEqual, stack);
+             }
+             /**
+              * A specialized version of `baseIsEqual` for arrays and objects which performs
+              * deep comparisons and tracks traversed objects enabling objects with circular
+              * references to be compared.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to compare.
+              * @param {Object} other The other object to compare.
+              * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `baseIsEqual` for more details.
+              * @param {Function} customizer The function to customize comparisons.
+              * @param {Function} equalFunc The function to determine equivalents of values.
+              * @param {Object} [stack] Tracks traversed `object` and `other` objects.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the objects are equivalent, else `false`.
+              */
 
 
-       function abortRequest$4(controller) {
-           controller.abort();
-       }
+             function baseIsEqualDeep(object, other, bitmask, customizer, equalFunc, stack) {
+               var objIsArr = isArray(object),
+                   othIsArr = isArray(other),
+                   objTag = objIsArr ? arrayTag : getTag(object),
+                   othTag = othIsArr ? arrayTag : getTag(other);
+               objTag = objTag == argsTag ? objectTag : objTag;
+               othTag = othTag == argsTag ? objectTag : othTag;
+               var objIsObj = objTag == objectTag,
+                   othIsObj = othTag == objectTag,
+                   isSameTag = objTag == othTag;
 
+               if (isSameTag && isBuffer(object)) {
+                 if (!isBuffer(other)) {
+                   return false;
+                 }
 
-       function maxPageAtZoom$1(z) {
-           if (z < 15)   return 2;
-           if (z === 15) return 5;
-           if (z === 16) return 10;
-           if (z === 17) return 20;
-           if (z === 18) return 40;
-           if (z > 18)   return 80;
-       }
+                 objIsArr = true;
+                 objIsObj = false;
+               }
 
+               if (isSameTag && !objIsObj) {
+                 stack || (stack = new Stack());
+                 return objIsArr || isTypedArray(object) ? equalArrays(object, other, bitmask, customizer, equalFunc, stack) : equalByTag(object, other, objTag, bitmask, customizer, equalFunc, stack);
+               }
 
-       function loadTiles$1(which, url, projection) {
-           var currZoom = Math.floor(geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale()));
-           var tiles = tiler$4.getTiles(projection);
+               if (!(bitmask & COMPARE_PARTIAL_FLAG)) {
+                 var objIsWrapped = objIsObj && hasOwnProperty.call(object, '__wrapped__'),
+                     othIsWrapped = othIsObj && hasOwnProperty.call(other, '__wrapped__');
 
-           // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
-           var cache = _oscCache[which];
-           Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function(k) {
-               var wanted = tiles.find(function(tile) { return k.indexOf(tile.id + ',') === 0; });
-               if (!wanted) {
-                   abortRequest$4(cache.inflight[k]);
-                   delete cache.inflight[k];
+                 if (objIsWrapped || othIsWrapped) {
+                   var objUnwrapped = objIsWrapped ? object.value() : object,
+                       othUnwrapped = othIsWrapped ? other.value() : other;
+                   stack || (stack = new Stack());
+                   return equalFunc(objUnwrapped, othUnwrapped, bitmask, customizer, stack);
+                 }
                }
-           });
 
-           tiles.forEach(function(tile) {
-               loadNextTilePage$1(which, currZoom, url, tile);
-           });
-       }
+               if (!isSameTag) {
+                 return false;
+               }
 
+               stack || (stack = new Stack());
+               return equalObjects(object, other, bitmask, customizer, equalFunc, stack);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.isMap` without Node.js optimizations.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a map, else `false`.
+              */
 
-       function loadNextTilePage$1(which, currZoom, url, tile) {
-           var cache = _oscCache[which];
-           var bbox = tile.extent.bbox();
-           var maxPages = maxPageAtZoom$1(currZoom);
-           var nextPage = cache.nextPage[tile.id] || 1;
-           var params = utilQsString({
-               ipp: maxResults$1,
-               page: nextPage,
-               // client_id: clientId,
-               bbTopLeft: [bbox.maxY, bbox.minX].join(','),
-               bbBottomRight: [bbox.minY, bbox.maxX].join(',')
-           }, true);
 
-           if (nextPage > maxPages) return;
+             function baseIsMap(value) {
+               return isObjectLike(value) && getTag(value) == mapTag;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.isMatch` without support for iteratee shorthands.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
+              * @param {Object} source The object of property values to match.
+              * @param {Array} matchData The property names, values, and compare flags to match.
+              * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize comparisons.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `object` is a match, else `false`.
+              */
 
-           var id = tile.id + ',' + String(nextPage);
-           if (cache.loaded[id] || cache.inflight[id]) return;
 
-           var controller = new AbortController();
-           cache.inflight[id] = controller;
+             function baseIsMatch(object, source, matchData, customizer) {
+               var index = matchData.length,
+                   length = index,
+                   noCustomizer = !customizer;
 
-           var options = {
-               method: 'POST',
-               signal: controller.signal,
-               body: params,
-               headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' }
-           };
+               if (object == null) {
+                 return !length;
+               }
 
-           d3_json(url, options)
-               .then(function(data) {
-                   cache.loaded[id] = true;
-                   delete cache.inflight[id];
-                   if (!data || !data.currentPageItems || !data.currentPageItems.length) {
-                       throw new Error('No Data');
-                   }
+               object = Object(object);
 
-                   var features = data.currentPageItems.map(function(item) {
-                       var loc = [+item.lng, +item.lat];
-                       var d;
-
-                       if (which === 'images') {
-                           d = {
-                               loc: loc,
-                               key: item.id,
-                               ca: +item.heading,
-                               captured_at: (item.shot_date || item.date_added),
-                               captured_by: item.username,
-                               imagePath: item.lth_name,
-                               sequence_id: item.sequence_id,
-                               sequence_index: +item.sequence_index
-                           };
-
-                           // cache sequence info
-                           var seq = _oscCache.sequences[d.sequence_id];
-                           if (!seq) {
-                               seq = { rotation: 0, images: [] };
-                               _oscCache.sequences[d.sequence_id] = seq;
-                           }
-                           seq.images[d.sequence_index] = d;
-                       }
+               while (index--) {
+                 var data = matchData[index];
 
-                       return {
-                           minX: loc[0], minY: loc[1], maxX: loc[0], maxY: loc[1], data: d
-                       };
-                   });
+                 if (noCustomizer && data[2] ? data[1] !== object[data[0]] : !(data[0] in object)) {
+                   return false;
+                 }
+               }
 
-                   cache.rtree.load(features);
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 data = matchData[index];
+                 var key = data[0],
+                     objValue = object[key],
+                     srcValue = data[1];
 
-                   if (data.currentPageItems.length === maxResults$1) {  // more pages to load
-                       cache.nextPage[tile.id] = nextPage + 1;
-                       loadNextTilePage$1(which, currZoom, url, tile);
-                   } else {
-                       cache.nextPage[tile.id] = Infinity;     // no more pages to load
+                 if (noCustomizer && data[2]) {
+                   if (objValue === undefined$1 && !(key in object)) {
+                     return false;
                    }
+                 } else {
+                   var stack = new Stack();
 
-                   if (which === 'images') {
-                       dispatch$5.call('loadedImages');
+                   if (customizer) {
+                     var result = customizer(objValue, srcValue, key, object, source, stack);
                    }
-               })
-               .catch(function() {
-                   cache.loaded[id] = true;
-                   delete cache.inflight[id];
-               });
-       }
 
+                   if (!(result === undefined$1 ? baseIsEqual(srcValue, objValue, COMPARE_PARTIAL_FLAG | COMPARE_UNORDERED_FLAG, customizer, stack) : result)) {
+                     return false;
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
 
-       // partition viewport into higher zoom tiles
-       function partitionViewport$1(projection) {
-           var z = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
-           var z2 = (Math.ceil(z * 2) / 2) + 2.5;   // round to next 0.5 and add 2.5
-           var tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([z2, z2]);
+               return true;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.isNative` without bad shim checks.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a native function,
+              *  else `false`.
+              */
 
-           return tiler.getTiles(projection)
-               .map(function(tile) { return tile.extent; });
-       }
 
+             function baseIsNative(value) {
+               if (!isObject(value) || isMasked(value)) {
+                 return false;
+               }
 
-       // no more than `limit` results per partition.
-       function searchLimited$1(limit, projection, rtree) {
-           limit = limit || 5;
+               var pattern = isFunction(value) ? reIsNative : reIsHostCtor;
+               return pattern.test(toSource(value));
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.isRegExp` without Node.js optimizations.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a regexp, else `false`.
+              */
 
-           return partitionViewport$1(projection)
-               .reduce(function(result, extent) {
-                   var found = rtree.search(extent.bbox())
-                       .slice(0, limit)
-                       .map(function(d) { return d.data; });
 
-                   return (found.length ? result.concat(found) : result);
-               }, []);
-       }
+             function baseIsRegExp(value) {
+               return isObjectLike(value) && baseGetTag(value) == regexpTag;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.isSet` without Node.js optimizations.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a set, else `false`.
+              */
+
+
+             function baseIsSet(value) {
+               return isObjectLike(value) && getTag(value) == setTag;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.isTypedArray` without Node.js optimizations.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a typed array, else `false`.
+              */
+
 
+             function baseIsTypedArray(value) {
+               return isObjectLike(value) && isLength(value.length) && !!typedArrayTags[baseGetTag(value)];
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.iteratee`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} [value=_.identity] The value to convert to an iteratee.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the iteratee.
+              */
 
-       var serviceOpenstreetcam = {
 
-           init: function() {
-               if (!_oscCache) {
-                   this.reset();
+             function baseIteratee(value) {
+               // Don't store the `typeof` result in a variable to avoid a JIT bug in Safari 9.
+               // See https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=156034 for more details.
+               if (typeof value == 'function') {
+                 return value;
                }
 
-               this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$5, 'on');
-           },
+               if (value == null) {
+                 return identity;
+               }
 
-           reset: function() {
-               if (_oscCache) {
-                   Object.values(_oscCache.images.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$4);
+               if (_typeof(value) == 'object') {
+                 return isArray(value) ? baseMatchesProperty(value[0], value[1]) : baseMatches(value);
                }
 
-               _oscCache = {
-                   images: { inflight: {}, loaded: {}, nextPage: {}, rtree: new RBush() },
-                   sequences: {}
-               };
+               return property(value);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.keys` which doesn't treat sparse arrays as dense.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the array of property names.
+              */
 
-               _oscSelectedImage = null;
-           },
 
+             function baseKeys(object) {
+               if (!isPrototype(object)) {
+                 return nativeKeys(object);
+               }
 
-           images: function(projection) {
-               var limit = 5;
-               return searchLimited$1(limit, projection, _oscCache.images.rtree);
-           },
+               var result = [];
 
+               for (var key in Object(object)) {
+                 if (hasOwnProperty.call(object, key) && key != 'constructor') {
+                   result.push(key);
+                 }
+               }
 
-           sequences: function(projection) {
-               var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
-               var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
-               var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
-               var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
-               var sequenceKeys = {};
-
-               // all sequences for images in viewport
-               _oscCache.images.rtree.search(bbox)
-                   .forEach(function(d) { sequenceKeys[d.data.sequence_id] = true; });
-
-               // make linestrings from those sequences
-               var lineStrings = [];
-               Object.keys(sequenceKeys)
-                   .forEach(function(sequenceKey) {
-                       var seq = _oscCache.sequences[sequenceKey];
-                       var images = seq && seq.images;
-                       if (images) {
-                           lineStrings.push({
-                               type: 'LineString',
-                               coordinates: images.map(function (d) { return d.loc; }).filter(Boolean),
-                               properties: { key: sequenceKey }
-                           });
-                       }
-                   });
-               return lineStrings;
-           },
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.keysIn` which doesn't treat sparse arrays as dense.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the array of property names.
+              */
 
 
-           loadImages: function(projection) {
-               var url = apibase$2 + '/1.0/list/nearby-photos/';
-               loadTiles$1('images', url, projection);
-           },
+             function baseKeysIn(object) {
+               if (!isObject(object)) {
+                 return nativeKeysIn(object);
+               }
 
+               var isProto = isPrototype(object),
+                   result = [];
 
-           loadViewer: function(context) {
-               var that = this;
+               for (var key in object) {
+                 if (!(key == 'constructor' && (isProto || !hasOwnProperty.call(object, key)))) {
+                   result.push(key);
+                 }
+               }
 
-               // add osc-wrapper
-               var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').selectAll('.osc-wrapper')
-                   .data([0]);
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.lt` which doesn't coerce arguments.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to compare.
+              * @param {*} other The other value to compare.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is less than `other`,
+              *  else `false`.
+              */
 
-               var wrapEnter = wrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'photo-wrapper osc-wrapper')
-                   .classed('hide', true)
-                   .call(imgZoom.on('zoom', zoomPan))
-                   .on('dblclick.zoom', null);
 
-               wrapEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'photo-attribution fillD');
+             function baseLt(value, other) {
+               return value < other;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.map` without support for iteratee shorthands.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new mapped array.
+              */
 
-               var controlsEnter = wrapEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'photo-controls-wrap')
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'photo-controls');
 
-               controlsEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .on('click.back', step(-1))
-                   .text('◄');
+             function baseMap(collection, iteratee) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   result = isArrayLike(collection) ? Array(collection.length) : [];
+               baseEach(collection, function (value, key, collection) {
+                 result[++index] = iteratee(value, key, collection);
+               });
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.matches` which doesn't clone `source`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} source The object of property values to match.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new spec function.
+              */
+
 
-               controlsEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .on('click.rotate-ccw', rotate(-90))
-                   .text('⤿');
+             function baseMatches(source) {
+               var matchData = getMatchData(source);
 
-               controlsEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .on('click.rotate-cw', rotate(90))
-                   .text('⤾');
+               if (matchData.length == 1 && matchData[0][2]) {
+                 return matchesStrictComparable(matchData[0][0], matchData[0][1]);
+               }
 
-               controlsEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .on('click.forward', step(1))
-                   .text('►');
+               return function (object) {
+                 return object === source || baseIsMatch(object, source, matchData);
+               };
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.matchesProperty` which doesn't clone `srcValue`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {string} path The path of the property to get.
+              * @param {*} srcValue The value to match.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new spec function.
+              */
 
-               wrapEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'osc-image-wrap');
 
+             function baseMatchesProperty(path, srcValue) {
+               if (isKey(path) && isStrictComparable(srcValue)) {
+                 return matchesStrictComparable(toKey(path), srcValue);
+               }
 
-               // Register viewer resize handler
-               context.ui().photoviewer.on('resize.openstreetcam', function(dimensions) {
-                   imgZoom = d3_zoom()
-                       .extent([[0, 0], dimensions])
-                       .translateExtent([[0, 0], dimensions])
-                       .scaleExtent([1, 15])
-                       .on('zoom', zoomPan);
-               });
+               return function (object) {
+                 var objValue = get(object, path);
+                 return objValue === undefined$1 && objValue === srcValue ? hasIn(object, path) : baseIsEqual(srcValue, objValue, COMPARE_PARTIAL_FLAG | COMPARE_UNORDERED_FLAG);
+               };
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.merge` without support for multiple sources.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The destination object.
+              * @param {Object} source The source object.
+              * @param {number} srcIndex The index of `source`.
+              * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize merged values.
+              * @param {Object} [stack] Tracks traversed source values and their merged
+              *  counterparts.
+              */
 
 
-               function zoomPan() {
-                   var t = event.transform;
-                   context.container().select('.photoviewer .osc-image-wrap')
-                       .call(utilSetTransform, t.x, t.y, t.k);
+             function baseMerge(object, source, srcIndex, customizer, stack) {
+               if (object === source) {
+                 return;
                }
 
+               baseFor(source, function (srcValue, key) {
+                 stack || (stack = new Stack());
 
-               function rotate(deg) {
-                   return function() {
-                       if (!_oscSelectedImage) return;
-                       var sequenceKey = _oscSelectedImage.sequence_id;
-                       var sequence = _oscCache.sequences[sequenceKey];
-                       if (!sequence) return;
+                 if (isObject(srcValue)) {
+                   baseMergeDeep(object, source, key, srcIndex, baseMerge, customizer, stack);
+                 } else {
+                   var newValue = customizer ? customizer(safeGet(object, key), srcValue, key + '', object, source, stack) : undefined$1;
 
-                       var r = sequence.rotation || 0;
-                       r += deg;
+                   if (newValue === undefined$1) {
+                     newValue = srcValue;
+                   }
 
-                       if (r > 180) r -= 360;
-                       if (r < -180) r += 360;
-                       sequence.rotation = r;
+                   assignMergeValue(object, key, newValue);
+                 }
+               }, keysIn);
+             }
+             /**
+              * A specialized version of `baseMerge` for arrays and objects which performs
+              * deep merges and tracks traversed objects enabling objects with circular
+              * references to be merged.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The destination object.
+              * @param {Object} source The source object.
+              * @param {string} key The key of the value to merge.
+              * @param {number} srcIndex The index of `source`.
+              * @param {Function} mergeFunc The function to merge values.
+              * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize assigned values.
+              * @param {Object} [stack] Tracks traversed source values and their merged
+              *  counterparts.
+              */
 
-                       var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer .osc-wrapper');
 
-                       wrap
-                           .transition()
-                           .duration(100)
-                           .call(imgZoom.transform, identity$2);
+             function baseMergeDeep(object, source, key, srcIndex, mergeFunc, customizer, stack) {
+               var objValue = safeGet(object, key),
+                   srcValue = safeGet(source, key),
+                   stacked = stack.get(srcValue);
 
-                       wrap.selectAll('.osc-image')
-                           .transition()
-                           .duration(100)
-                           .style('transform', 'rotate(' + r + 'deg)');
-                   };
+               if (stacked) {
+                 assignMergeValue(object, key, stacked);
+                 return;
                }
 
-               function step(stepBy) {
-                   return function() {
-                       if (!_oscSelectedImage) return;
-                       var sequenceKey = _oscSelectedImage.sequence_id;
-                       var sequence = _oscCache.sequences[sequenceKey];
-                       if (!sequence) return;
-
-                       var nextIndex = _oscSelectedImage.sequence_index + stepBy;
-                       var nextImage = sequence.images[nextIndex];
-                       if (!nextImage) return;
-
-                       context.map().centerEase(nextImage.loc);
+               var newValue = customizer ? customizer(objValue, srcValue, key + '', object, source, stack) : undefined$1;
+               var isCommon = newValue === undefined$1;
+
+               if (isCommon) {
+                 var isArr = isArray(srcValue),
+                     isBuff = !isArr && isBuffer(srcValue),
+                     isTyped = !isArr && !isBuff && isTypedArray(srcValue);
+                 newValue = srcValue;
+
+                 if (isArr || isBuff || isTyped) {
+                   if (isArray(objValue)) {
+                     newValue = objValue;
+                   } else if (isArrayLikeObject(objValue)) {
+                     newValue = copyArray(objValue);
+                   } else if (isBuff) {
+                     isCommon = false;
+                     newValue = cloneBuffer(srcValue, true);
+                   } else if (isTyped) {
+                     isCommon = false;
+                     newValue = cloneTypedArray(srcValue, true);
+                   } else {
+                     newValue = [];
+                   }
+                 } else if (isPlainObject(srcValue) || isArguments(srcValue)) {
+                   newValue = objValue;
 
-                       that
-                           .selectImage(context, nextImage)
-                           .updateViewer(context, nextImage);
-                   };
+                   if (isArguments(objValue)) {
+                     newValue = toPlainObject(objValue);
+                   } else if (!isObject(objValue) || isFunction(objValue)) {
+                     newValue = initCloneObject(srcValue);
+                   }
+                 } else {
+                   isCommon = false;
+                 }
                }
-           },
 
+               if (isCommon) {
+                 // Recursively merge objects and arrays (susceptible to call stack limits).
+                 stack.set(srcValue, newValue);
+                 mergeFunc(newValue, srcValue, srcIndex, customizer, stack);
+                 stack['delete'](srcValue);
+               }
 
-           showViewer: function(context) {
-               var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer')
-                   .classed('hide', false);
+               assignMergeValue(object, key, newValue);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.nth` which doesn't coerce arguments.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+              * @param {number} n The index of the element to return.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the nth element of `array`.
+              */
 
-               var isHidden = viewer.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.osc-wrapper.hide').size();
 
-               if (isHidden) {
-                   viewer
-                       .selectAll('.photo-wrapper:not(.osc-wrapper)')
-                       .classed('hide', true);
+             function baseNth(array, n) {
+               var length = array.length;
 
-                   viewer
-                       .selectAll('.photo-wrapper.osc-wrapper')
-                       .classed('hide', false);
+               if (!length) {
+                 return;
                }
 
-               return this;
-           },
-
+               n += n < 0 ? length : 0;
+               return isIndex(n, length) ? array[n] : undefined$1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.orderBy` without param guards.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function[]|Object[]|string[]} iteratees The iteratees to sort by.
+              * @param {string[]} orders The sort orders of `iteratees`.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new sorted array.
+              */
 
-           hideViewer: function(context) {
-               _oscSelectedImage = null;
 
-               var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-               if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(null);
+             function baseOrderBy(collection, iteratees, orders) {
+               if (iteratees.length) {
+                 iteratees = arrayMap(iteratees, function (iteratee) {
+                   if (isArray(iteratee)) {
+                     return function (value) {
+                       return baseGet(value, iteratee.length === 1 ? iteratee[0] : iteratee);
+                     };
+                   }
 
-               viewer
-                   .classed('hide', true)
-                   .selectAll('.photo-wrapper')
-                   .classed('hide', true);
+                   return iteratee;
+                 });
+               } else {
+                 iteratees = [identity];
+               }
 
-               context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group, .sequence, .icon-sign')
-                   .classed('currentView', false);
+               var index = -1;
+               iteratees = arrayMap(iteratees, baseUnary(getIteratee()));
+               var result = baseMap(collection, function (value, key, collection) {
+                 var criteria = arrayMap(iteratees, function (iteratee) {
+                   return iteratee(value);
+                 });
+                 return {
+                   'criteria': criteria,
+                   'index': ++index,
+                   'value': value
+                 };
+               });
+               return baseSortBy(result, function (object, other) {
+                 return compareMultiple(object, other, orders);
+               });
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.pick` without support for individual
+              * property identifiers.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The source object.
+              * @param {string[]} paths The property paths to pick.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
+              */
 
-               return this.setStyles(context, null, true);
-           },
 
+             function basePick(object, paths) {
+               return basePickBy(object, paths, function (value, path) {
+                 return hasIn(object, path);
+               });
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of  `_.pickBy` without support for iteratee shorthands.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The source object.
+              * @param {string[]} paths The property paths to pick.
+              * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per property.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
+              */
 
-           updateViewer: function(context, d) {
-               var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer .osc-wrapper');
-               var imageWrap = wrap.selectAll('.osc-image-wrap');
-               var attribution = wrap.selectAll('.photo-attribution').html('');
-
-               wrap
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(100)
-                   .call(imgZoom.transform, identity$2);
-
-               imageWrap
-                   .selectAll('.osc-image')
-                   .remove();
-
-               if (d) {
-                   var sequence = _oscCache.sequences[d.sequence_id];
-                   var r = (sequence && sequence.rotation) || 0;
-
-                   imageWrap
-                       .append('img')
-                       .attr('class', 'osc-image')
-                       .attr('src', apibase$2 + '/' + d.imagePath)
-                       .style('transform', 'rotate(' + r + 'deg)');
-
-                   if (d.captured_by) {
-                       attribution
-                           .append('a')
-                           .attr('class', 'captured_by')
-                           .attr('target', '_blank')
-                           .attr('href', 'https://openstreetcam.org/user/' + encodeURIComponent(d.captured_by))
-                           .text('@' + d.captured_by);
-
-                       attribution
-                           .append('span')
-                           .text('|');
-                   }
 
-                   if (d.captured_at) {
-                       attribution
-                           .append('span')
-                           .attr('class', 'captured_at')
-                           .text(localeDateString(d.captured_at));
+             function basePickBy(object, paths, predicate) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = paths.length,
+                   result = {};
 
-                       attribution
-                           .append('span')
-                           .text('|');
-                   }
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var path = paths[index],
+                     value = baseGet(object, path);
 
-                   attribution
-                       .append('a')
-                       .attr('class', 'image-link')
-                       .attr('target', '_blank')
-                       .attr('href', 'https://openstreetcam.org/details/' + d.sequence_id + '/' + d.sequence_index)
-                       .text('openstreetcam.org');
+                 if (predicate(value, path)) {
+                   baseSet(result, castPath(path, object), value);
+                 }
                }
 
-               return this;
-
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * A specialized version of `baseProperty` which supports deep paths.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to get.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new accessor function.
+              */
 
-               function localeDateString(s) {
-                   if (!s) return null;
-                   var options = { day: 'numeric', month: 'short', year: 'numeric' };
-                   var d = new Date(s);
-                   if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
-                   return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
-               }
-           },
 
+             function basePropertyDeep(path) {
+               return function (object) {
+                 return baseGet(object, path);
+               };
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.pullAllBy` without support for iteratee
+              * shorthands.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
+              * @param {Array} values The values to remove.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @param {Function} [comparator] The comparator invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
+              */
 
-           selectImage: function(context, d) {
-               _oscSelectedImage = d;
-               var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-               if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(d);
 
-               this.setStyles(context, null, true);
+             function basePullAll(array, values, iteratee, comparator) {
+               var indexOf = comparator ? baseIndexOfWith : baseIndexOf,
+                   index = -1,
+                   length = values.length,
+                   seen = array;
 
-               context.container().selectAll('.icon-sign')
-                   .classed('currentView', false);
+               if (array === values) {
+                 values = copyArray(values);
+               }
 
-               return this;
-           },
+               if (iteratee) {
+                 seen = arrayMap(array, baseUnary(iteratee));
+               }
 
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var fromIndex = 0,
+                     value = values[index],
+                     computed = iteratee ? iteratee(value) : value;
 
-           getSelectedImage: function() {
-               return _oscSelectedImage;
-           },
+                 while ((fromIndex = indexOf(seen, computed, fromIndex, comparator)) > -1) {
+                   if (seen !== array) {
+                     splice.call(seen, fromIndex, 1);
+                   }
 
+                   splice.call(array, fromIndex, 1);
+                 }
+               }
 
-           getSequenceKeyForImage: function(d) {
-               return d && d.sequence_id;
-           },
+               return array;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.pullAt` without support for individual
+              * indexes or capturing the removed elements.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
+              * @param {number[]} indexes The indexes of elements to remove.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
+              */
 
 
-           // Updates the currently highlighted sequence and selected bubble.
-           // Reset is only necessary when interacting with the viewport because
-           // this implicitly changes the currently selected bubble/sequence
-           setStyles: function(context, hovered, reset) {
-               if (reset) {  // reset all layers
-                   context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group')
-                       .classed('highlighted', false)
-                       .classed('hovered', false)
-                       .classed('currentView', false);
+             function basePullAt(array, indexes) {
+               var length = array ? indexes.length : 0,
+                   lastIndex = length - 1;
 
-                   context.container().selectAll('.sequence')
-                       .classed('highlighted', false)
-                       .classed('currentView', false);
-               }
+               while (length--) {
+                 var index = indexes[length];
 
-               var hoveredImageKey = hovered && hovered.key;
-               var hoveredSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForImage(hovered);
-               var hoveredSequence = hoveredSequenceKey && _oscCache.sequences[hoveredSequenceKey];
-               var hoveredImageKeys = (hoveredSequence && hoveredSequence.images.map(function (d) { return d.key; })) || [];
+                 if (length == lastIndex || index !== previous) {
+                   var previous = index;
 
-               var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-               var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
-               var selectedImageKey = selected && selected.key;
-               var selectedSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForImage(selected);
-               var selectedSequence = selectedSequenceKey && _oscCache.sequences[selectedSequenceKey];
-               var selectedImageKeys = (selectedSequence && selectedSequence.images.map(function (d) { return d.key; })) || [];
-
-               // highlight sibling viewfields on either the selected or the hovered sequences
-               var highlightedImageKeys = utilArrayUnion(hoveredImageKeys, selectedImageKeys);
-
-               context.container().selectAll('.layer-openstreetcam .viewfield-group')
-                   .classed('highlighted', function(d) { return highlightedImageKeys.indexOf(d.key) !== -1; })
-                   .classed('hovered', function(d) { return d.key === hoveredImageKey; })
-                   .classed('currentView', function(d) { return d.key === selectedImageKey; });
-
-               context.container().selectAll('.layer-openstreetcam .sequence')
-                   .classed('highlighted', function(d) { return d.properties.key === hoveredSequenceKey; })
-                   .classed('currentView', function(d) { return d.properties.key === selectedSequenceKey; });
-
-               // update viewfields if needed
-               context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group .viewfield')
-                   .attr('d', viewfieldPath);
-
-               function viewfieldPath() {
-                   var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
-                   if (d.pano && d.key !== selectedImageKey) {
-                       return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
+                   if (isIndex(index)) {
+                     splice.call(array, index, 1);
                    } else {
-                       return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
+                     baseUnset(array, index);
                    }
+                 }
                }
 
-               return this;
-           },
+               return array;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.random` without support for returning
+              * floating-point numbers.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {number} lower The lower bound.
+              * @param {number} upper The upper bound.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the random number.
+              */
 
 
-           cache: function() {
-               return _oscCache;
-           }
+             function baseRandom(lower, upper) {
+               return lower + nativeFloor(nativeRandom() * (upper - lower + 1));
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.range` and `_.rangeRight` which doesn't
+              * coerce arguments.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {number} start The start of the range.
+              * @param {number} end The end of the range.
+              * @param {number} step The value to increment or decrement by.
+              * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify iterating from right to left.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the range of numbers.
+              */
 
-       };
 
-       /**
-        * Checks if `value` is the
-        * [language type](http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-ecmascript-language-types)
-        * of `Object`. (e.g. arrays, functions, objects, regexes, `new Number(0)`, and `new String('')`)
-        *
-        * @static
-        * @memberOf _
-        * @since 0.1.0
-        * @category Lang
-        * @param {*} value The value to check.
-        * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an object, else `false`.
-        * @example
-        *
-        * _.isObject({});
-        * // => true
-        *
-        * _.isObject([1, 2, 3]);
-        * // => true
-        *
-        * _.isObject(_.noop);
-        * // => true
-        *
-        * _.isObject(null);
-        * // => false
-        */
-       function isObject$1(value) {
-         var type = typeof value;
-         return value != null && (type == 'object' || type == 'function');
-       }
+             function baseRange(start, end, step, fromRight) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = nativeMax(nativeCeil((end - start) / (step || 1)), 0),
+                   result = Array(length);
 
-       /** Detect free variable `global` from Node.js. */
-       var freeGlobal = typeof global == 'object' && global && global.Object === Object && global;
+               while (length--) {
+                 result[fromRight ? length : ++index] = start;
+                 start += step;
+               }
 
-       /** Detect free variable `self`. */
-       var freeSelf = typeof self == 'object' && self && self.Object === Object && self;
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.repeat` which doesn't coerce arguments.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {string} string The string to repeat.
+              * @param {number} n The number of times to repeat the string.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the repeated string.
+              */
 
-       /** Used as a reference to the global object. */
-       var root$2 = freeGlobal || freeSelf || Function('return this')();
 
-       /**
-        * Gets the timestamp of the number of milliseconds that have elapsed since
-        * the Unix epoch (1 January 1970 00:00:00 UTC).
-        *
-        * @static
-        * @memberOf _
-        * @since 2.4.0
-        * @category Date
-        * @returns {number} Returns the timestamp.
-        * @example
-        *
-        * _.defer(function(stamp) {
-        *   console.log(_.now() - stamp);
-        * }, _.now());
-        * // => Logs the number of milliseconds it took for the deferred invocation.
-        */
-       var now$1 = function() {
-         return root$2.Date.now();
-       };
+             function baseRepeat(string, n) {
+               var result = '';
 
-       /** Built-in value references. */
-       var Symbol$1 = root$2.Symbol;
+               if (!string || n < 1 || n > MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) {
+                 return result;
+               } // Leverage the exponentiation by squaring algorithm for a faster repeat.
+               // See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponentiation_by_squaring for more details.
 
-       /** Used for built-in method references. */
-       var objectProto = Object.prototype;
 
-       /** Used to check objects for own properties. */
-       var hasOwnProperty$2 = objectProto.hasOwnProperty;
+               do {
+                 if (n % 2) {
+                   result += string;
+                 }
 
-       /**
-        * Used to resolve the
-        * [`toStringTag`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-object.prototype.tostring)
-        * of values.
-        */
-       var nativeObjectToString = objectProto.toString;
+                 n = nativeFloor(n / 2);
 
-       /** Built-in value references. */
-       var symToStringTag = Symbol$1 ? Symbol$1.toStringTag : undefined;
+                 if (n) {
+                   string += string;
+                 }
+               } while (n);
 
-       /**
-        * A specialized version of `baseGetTag` which ignores `Symbol.toStringTag` values.
-        *
-        * @private
-        * @param {*} value The value to query.
-        * @returns {string} Returns the raw `toStringTag`.
-        */
-       function getRawTag(value) {
-         var isOwn = hasOwnProperty$2.call(value, symToStringTag),
-             tag = value[symToStringTag];
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.rest` which doesn't validate or coerce arguments.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to apply a rest parameter to.
+              * @param {number} [start=func.length-1] The start position of the rest parameter.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
+              */
 
-         try {
-           value[symToStringTag] = undefined;
-           var unmasked = true;
-         } catch (e) {}
 
-         var result = nativeObjectToString.call(value);
-         if (unmasked) {
-           if (isOwn) {
-             value[symToStringTag] = tag;
-           } else {
-             delete value[symToStringTag];
-           }
-         }
-         return result;
-       }
+             function baseRest(func, start) {
+               return setToString(overRest(func, start, identity), func + '');
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.sample`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to sample.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the random element.
+              */
 
-       /** Used for built-in method references. */
-       var objectProto$1 = Object.prototype;
 
-       /**
-        * Used to resolve the
-        * [`toStringTag`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-object.prototype.tostring)
-        * of values.
-        */
-       var nativeObjectToString$1 = objectProto$1.toString;
+             function baseSample(collection) {
+               return arraySample(values(collection));
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.sampleSize` without param guards.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to sample.
+              * @param {number} n The number of elements to sample.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the random elements.
+              */
 
-       /**
-        * Converts `value` to a string using `Object.prototype.toString`.
-        *
-        * @private
-        * @param {*} value The value to convert.
-        * @returns {string} Returns the converted string.
-        */
-       function objectToString$2(value) {
-         return nativeObjectToString$1.call(value);
-       }
 
-       /** `Object#toString` result references. */
-       var nullTag = '[object Null]',
-           undefinedTag = '[object Undefined]';
+             function baseSampleSize(collection, n) {
+               var array = values(collection);
+               return shuffleSelf(array, baseClamp(n, 0, array.length));
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.set`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to modify.
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to set.
+              * @param {*} value The value to set.
+              * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize path creation.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              */
 
-       /** Built-in value references. */
-       var symToStringTag$1 = Symbol$1 ? Symbol$1.toStringTag : undefined;
 
-       /**
-        * The base implementation of `getTag` without fallbacks for buggy environments.
-        *
-        * @private
-        * @param {*} value The value to query.
-        * @returns {string} Returns the `toStringTag`.
-        */
-       function baseGetTag(value) {
-         if (value == null) {
-           return value === undefined ? undefinedTag : nullTag;
-         }
-         return (symToStringTag$1 && symToStringTag$1 in Object(value))
-           ? getRawTag(value)
-           : objectToString$2(value);
-       }
+             function baseSet(object, path, value, customizer) {
+               if (!isObject(object)) {
+                 return object;
+               }
 
-       /**
-        * Checks if `value` is object-like. A value is object-like if it's not `null`
-        * and has a `typeof` result of "object".
-        *
-        * @static
-        * @memberOf _
-        * @since 4.0.0
-        * @category Lang
-        * @param {*} value The value to check.
-        * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is object-like, else `false`.
-        * @example
-        *
-        * _.isObjectLike({});
-        * // => true
-        *
-        * _.isObjectLike([1, 2, 3]);
-        * // => true
-        *
-        * _.isObjectLike(_.noop);
-        * // => false
-        *
-        * _.isObjectLike(null);
-        * // => false
-        */
-       function isObjectLike(value) {
-         return value != null && typeof value == 'object';
-       }
+               path = castPath(path, object);
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = path.length,
+                   lastIndex = length - 1,
+                   nested = object;
 
-       /** `Object#toString` result references. */
-       var symbolTag = '[object Symbol]';
+               while (nested != null && ++index < length) {
+                 var key = toKey(path[index]),
+                     newValue = value;
 
-       /**
-        * Checks if `value` is classified as a `Symbol` primitive or object.
-        *
-        * @static
-        * @memberOf _
-        * @since 4.0.0
-        * @category Lang
-        * @param {*} value The value to check.
-        * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a symbol, else `false`.
-        * @example
-        *
-        * _.isSymbol(Symbol.iterator);
-        * // => true
-        *
-        * _.isSymbol('abc');
-        * // => false
-        */
-       function isSymbol$4(value) {
-         return typeof value == 'symbol' ||
-           (isObjectLike(value) && baseGetTag(value) == symbolTag);
-       }
+                 if (key === '__proto__' || key === 'constructor' || key === 'prototype') {
+                   return object;
+                 }
 
-       /** Used as references for various `Number` constants. */
-       var NAN = 0 / 0;
+                 if (index != lastIndex) {
+                   var objValue = nested[key];
+                   newValue = customizer ? customizer(objValue, key, nested) : undefined$1;
 
-       /** Used to match leading and trailing whitespace. */
-       var reTrim = /^\s+|\s+$/g;
+                   if (newValue === undefined$1) {
+                     newValue = isObject(objValue) ? objValue : isIndex(path[index + 1]) ? [] : {};
+                   }
+                 }
 
-       /** Used to detect bad signed hexadecimal string values. */
-       var reIsBadHex = /^[-+]0x[0-9a-f]+$/i;
+                 assignValue(nested, key, newValue);
+                 nested = nested[key];
+               }
 
-       /** Used to detect binary string values. */
-       var reIsBinary = /^0b[01]+$/i;
+               return object;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `setData` without support for hot loop shorting.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to associate metadata with.
+              * @param {*} data The metadata.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns `func`.
+              */
 
-       /** Used to detect octal string values. */
-       var reIsOctal = /^0o[0-7]+$/i;
 
-       /** Built-in method references without a dependency on `root`. */
-       var freeParseInt = parseInt;
+             var baseSetData = !metaMap ? identity : function (func, data) {
+               metaMap.set(func, data);
+               return func;
+             };
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `setToString` without support for hot loop shorting.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to modify.
+              * @param {Function} string The `toString` result.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns `func`.
+              */
 
-       /**
-        * Converts `value` to a number.
-        *
-        * @static
-        * @memberOf _
-        * @since 4.0.0
-        * @category Lang
-        * @param {*} value The value to process.
-        * @returns {number} Returns the number.
-        * @example
-        *
-        * _.toNumber(3.2);
-        * // => 3.2
-        *
-        * _.toNumber(Number.MIN_VALUE);
-        * // => 5e-324
-        *
-        * _.toNumber(Infinity);
-        * // => Infinity
-        *
-        * _.toNumber('3.2');
-        * // => 3.2
-        */
-       function toNumber(value) {
-         if (typeof value == 'number') {
-           return value;
-         }
-         if (isSymbol$4(value)) {
-           return NAN;
-         }
-         if (isObject$1(value)) {
-           var other = typeof value.valueOf == 'function' ? value.valueOf() : value;
-           value = isObject$1(other) ? (other + '') : other;
-         }
-         if (typeof value != 'string') {
-           return value === 0 ? value : +value;
-         }
-         value = value.replace(reTrim, '');
-         var isBinary = reIsBinary.test(value);
-         return (isBinary || reIsOctal.test(value))
-           ? freeParseInt(value.slice(2), isBinary ? 2 : 8)
-           : (reIsBadHex.test(value) ? NAN : +value);
-       }
+             var baseSetToString = !defineProperty ? identity : function (func, string) {
+               return defineProperty(func, 'toString', {
+                 'configurable': true,
+                 'enumerable': false,
+                 'value': constant(string),
+                 'writable': true
+               });
+             };
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.shuffle`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to shuffle.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new shuffled array.
+              */
 
-       /** Error message constants. */
-       var FUNC_ERROR_TEXT = 'Expected a function';
+             function baseShuffle(collection) {
+               return shuffleSelf(values(collection));
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.slice` without an iteratee call guard.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to slice.
+              * @param {number} [start=0] The start position.
+              * @param {number} [end=array.length] The end position.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
+              */
 
-       /* Built-in method references for those with the same name as other `lodash` methods. */
-       var nativeMax = Math.max,
-           nativeMin = Math.min;
 
-       /**
-        * Creates a debounced function that delays invoking `func` until after `wait`
-        * milliseconds have elapsed since the last time the debounced function was
-        * invoked. The debounced function comes with a `cancel` method to cancel
-        * delayed `func` invocations and a `flush` method to immediately invoke them.
-        * Provide `options` to indicate whether `func` should be invoked on the
-        * leading and/or trailing edge of the `wait` timeout. The `func` is invoked
-        * with the last arguments provided to the debounced function. Subsequent
-        * calls to the debounced function return the result of the last `func`
-        * invocation.
-        *
-        * **Note:** If `leading` and `trailing` options are `true`, `func` is
-        * invoked on the trailing edge of the timeout only if the debounced function
-        * is invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout.
-        *
-        * If `wait` is `0` and `leading` is `false`, `func` invocation is deferred
-        * until to the next tick, similar to `setTimeout` with a timeout of `0`.
-        *
-        * See [David Corbacho's article](https://css-tricks.com/debouncing-throttling-explained-examples/)
-        * for details over the differences between `_.debounce` and `_.throttle`.
-        *
-        * @static
-        * @memberOf _
-        * @since 0.1.0
-        * @category Function
-        * @param {Function} func The function to debounce.
-        * @param {number} [wait=0] The number of milliseconds to delay.
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] The options object.
-        * @param {boolean} [options.leading=false]
-        *  Specify invoking on the leading edge of the timeout.
-        * @param {number} [options.maxWait]
-        *  The maximum time `func` is allowed to be delayed before it's invoked.
-        * @param {boolean} [options.trailing=true]
-        *  Specify invoking on the trailing edge of the timeout.
-        * @returns {Function} Returns the new debounced function.
-        * @example
-        *
-        * // Avoid costly calculations while the window size is in flux.
-        * jQuery(window).on('resize', _.debounce(calculateLayout, 150));
-        *
-        * // Invoke `sendMail` when clicked, debouncing subsequent calls.
-        * jQuery(element).on('click', _.debounce(sendMail, 300, {
-        *   'leading': true,
-        *   'trailing': false
-        * }));
-        *
-        * // Ensure `batchLog` is invoked once after 1 second of debounced calls.
-        * var debounced = _.debounce(batchLog, 250, { 'maxWait': 1000 });
-        * var source = new EventSource('/stream');
-        * jQuery(source).on('message', debounced);
-        *
-        * // Cancel the trailing debounced invocation.
-        * jQuery(window).on('popstate', debounced.cancel);
-        */
-       function debounce(func, wait, options) {
-         var lastArgs,
-             lastThis,
-             maxWait,
-             result,
-             timerId,
-             lastCallTime,
-             lastInvokeTime = 0,
-             leading = false,
-             maxing = false,
-             trailing = true;
+             function baseSlice(array, start, end) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = array.length;
 
-         if (typeof func != 'function') {
-           throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
-         }
-         wait = toNumber(wait) || 0;
-         if (isObject$1(options)) {
-           leading = !!options.leading;
-           maxing = 'maxWait' in options;
-           maxWait = maxing ? nativeMax(toNumber(options.maxWait) || 0, wait) : maxWait;
-           trailing = 'trailing' in options ? !!options.trailing : trailing;
-         }
+               if (start < 0) {
+                 start = -start > length ? 0 : length + start;
+               }
 
-         function invokeFunc(time) {
-           var args = lastArgs,
-               thisArg = lastThis;
+               end = end > length ? length : end;
 
-           lastArgs = lastThis = undefined;
-           lastInvokeTime = time;
-           result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
-           return result;
-         }
+               if (end < 0) {
+                 end += length;
+               }
 
-         function leadingEdge(time) {
-           // Reset any `maxWait` timer.
-           lastInvokeTime = time;
-           // Start the timer for the trailing edge.
-           timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait);
-           // Invoke the leading edge.
-           return leading ? invokeFunc(time) : result;
-         }
+               length = start > end ? 0 : end - start >>> 0;
+               start >>>= 0;
+               var result = Array(length);
 
-         function remainingWait(time) {
-           var timeSinceLastCall = time - lastCallTime,
-               timeSinceLastInvoke = time - lastInvokeTime,
-               timeWaiting = wait - timeSinceLastCall;
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 result[index] = array[index + start];
+               }
 
-           return maxing
-             ? nativeMin(timeWaiting, maxWait - timeSinceLastInvoke)
-             : timeWaiting;
-         }
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.some` without support for iteratee shorthands.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if any element passes the predicate check,
+              *  else `false`.
+              */
 
-         function shouldInvoke(time) {
-           var timeSinceLastCall = time - lastCallTime,
-               timeSinceLastInvoke = time - lastInvokeTime;
 
-           // Either this is the first call, activity has stopped and we're at the
-           // trailing edge, the system time has gone backwards and we're treating
-           // it as the trailing edge, or we've hit the `maxWait` limit.
-           return (lastCallTime === undefined || (timeSinceLastCall >= wait) ||
-             (timeSinceLastCall < 0) || (maxing && timeSinceLastInvoke >= maxWait));
-         }
+             function baseSome(collection, predicate) {
+               var result;
+               baseEach(collection, function (value, index, collection) {
+                 result = predicate(value, index, collection);
+                 return !result;
+               });
+               return !!result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.sortedIndex` and `_.sortedLastIndex` which
+              * performs a binary search of `array` to determine the index at which `value`
+              * should be inserted into `array` in order to maintain its sort order.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The sorted array to inspect.
+              * @param {*} value The value to evaluate.
+              * @param {boolean} [retHighest] Specify returning the highest qualified index.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the index at which `value` should be inserted
+              *  into `array`.
+              */
 
-         function timerExpired() {
-           var time = now$1();
-           if (shouldInvoke(time)) {
-             return trailingEdge(time);
-           }
-           // Restart the timer.
-           timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, remainingWait(time));
-         }
 
-         function trailingEdge(time) {
-           timerId = undefined;
+             function baseSortedIndex(array, value, retHighest) {
+               var low = 0,
+                   high = array == null ? low : array.length;
 
-           // Only invoke if we have `lastArgs` which means `func` has been
-           // debounced at least once.
-           if (trailing && lastArgs) {
-             return invokeFunc(time);
-           }
-           lastArgs = lastThis = undefined;
-           return result;
-         }
+               if (typeof value == 'number' && value === value && high <= HALF_MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH) {
+                 while (low < high) {
+                   var mid = low + high >>> 1,
+                       computed = array[mid];
 
-         function cancel() {
-           if (timerId !== undefined) {
-             clearTimeout(timerId);
-           }
-           lastInvokeTime = 0;
-           lastArgs = lastCallTime = lastThis = timerId = undefined;
-         }
+                   if (computed !== null && !isSymbol(computed) && (retHighest ? computed <= value : computed < value)) {
+                     low = mid + 1;
+                   } else {
+                     high = mid;
+                   }
+                 }
 
-         function flush() {
-           return timerId === undefined ? result : trailingEdge(now$1());
-         }
+                 return high;
+               }
 
-         function debounced() {
-           var time = now$1(),
-               isInvoking = shouldInvoke(time);
+               return baseSortedIndexBy(array, value, identity, retHighest);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.sortedIndexBy` and `_.sortedLastIndexBy`
+              * which invokes `iteratee` for `value` and each element of `array` to compute
+              * their sort ranking. The iteratee is invoked with one argument; (value).
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The sorted array to inspect.
+              * @param {*} value The value to evaluate.
+              * @param {Function} iteratee The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @param {boolean} [retHighest] Specify returning the highest qualified index.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the index at which `value` should be inserted
+              *  into `array`.
+              */
 
-           lastArgs = arguments;
-           lastThis = this;
-           lastCallTime = time;
 
-           if (isInvoking) {
-             if (timerId === undefined) {
-               return leadingEdge(lastCallTime);
-             }
-             if (maxing) {
-               // Handle invocations in a tight loop.
-               clearTimeout(timerId);
-               timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait);
-               return invokeFunc(lastCallTime);
+             function baseSortedIndexBy(array, value, iteratee, retHighest) {
+               var low = 0,
+                   high = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
+
+               if (high === 0) {
+                 return 0;
+               }
+
+               value = iteratee(value);
+               var valIsNaN = value !== value,
+                   valIsNull = value === null,
+                   valIsSymbol = isSymbol(value),
+                   valIsUndefined = value === undefined$1;
+
+               while (low < high) {
+                 var mid = nativeFloor((low + high) / 2),
+                     computed = iteratee(array[mid]),
+                     othIsDefined = computed !== undefined$1,
+                     othIsNull = computed === null,
+                     othIsReflexive = computed === computed,
+                     othIsSymbol = isSymbol(computed);
+
+                 if (valIsNaN) {
+                   var setLow = retHighest || othIsReflexive;
+                 } else if (valIsUndefined) {
+                   setLow = othIsReflexive && (retHighest || othIsDefined);
+                 } else if (valIsNull) {
+                   setLow = othIsReflexive && othIsDefined && (retHighest || !othIsNull);
+                 } else if (valIsSymbol) {
+                   setLow = othIsReflexive && othIsDefined && !othIsNull && (retHighest || !othIsSymbol);
+                 } else if (othIsNull || othIsSymbol) {
+                   setLow = false;
+                 } else {
+                   setLow = retHighest ? computed <= value : computed < value;
+                 }
+
+                 if (setLow) {
+                   low = mid + 1;
+                 } else {
+                   high = mid;
+                 }
+               }
+
+               return nativeMin(high, MAX_ARRAY_INDEX);
              }
-           }
-           if (timerId === undefined) {
-             timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait);
-           }
-           return result;
-         }
-         debounced.cancel = cancel;
-         debounced.flush = flush;
-         return debounced;
-       }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.sortedUniq` and `_.sortedUniqBy` without
+              * support for iteratee shorthands.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new duplicate free array.
+              */
 
-       /** Error message constants. */
-       var FUNC_ERROR_TEXT$1 = 'Expected a function';
 
-       /**
-        * Creates a throttled function that only invokes `func` at most once per
-        * every `wait` milliseconds. The throttled function comes with a `cancel`
-        * method to cancel delayed `func` invocations and a `flush` method to
-        * immediately invoke them. Provide `options` to indicate whether `func`
-        * should be invoked on the leading and/or trailing edge of the `wait`
-        * timeout. The `func` is invoked with the last arguments provided to the
-        * throttled function. Subsequent calls to the throttled function return the
-        * result of the last `func` invocation.
-        *
-        * **Note:** If `leading` and `trailing` options are `true`, `func` is
-        * invoked on the trailing edge of the timeout only if the throttled function
-        * is invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout.
-        *
-        * If `wait` is `0` and `leading` is `false`, `func` invocation is deferred
-        * until to the next tick, similar to `setTimeout` with a timeout of `0`.
-        *
-        * See [David Corbacho's article](https://css-tricks.com/debouncing-throttling-explained-examples/)
-        * for details over the differences between `_.throttle` and `_.debounce`.
-        *
-        * @static
-        * @memberOf _
-        * @since 0.1.0
-        * @category Function
-        * @param {Function} func The function to throttle.
-        * @param {number} [wait=0] The number of milliseconds to throttle invocations to.
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] The options object.
-        * @param {boolean} [options.leading=true]
-        *  Specify invoking on the leading edge of the timeout.
-        * @param {boolean} [options.trailing=true]
-        *  Specify invoking on the trailing edge of the timeout.
-        * @returns {Function} Returns the new throttled function.
-        * @example
-        *
-        * // Avoid excessively updating the position while scrolling.
-        * jQuery(window).on('scroll', _.throttle(updatePosition, 100));
-        *
-        * // Invoke `renewToken` when the click event is fired, but not more than once every 5 minutes.
-        * var throttled = _.throttle(renewToken, 300000, { 'trailing': false });
-        * jQuery(element).on('click', throttled);
-        *
-        * // Cancel the trailing throttled invocation.
-        * jQuery(window).on('popstate', throttled.cancel);
-        */
-       function throttle(func, wait, options) {
-         var leading = true,
-             trailing = true;
+             function baseSortedUniq(array, iteratee) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = array.length,
+                   resIndex = 0,
+                   result = [];
 
-         if (typeof func != 'function') {
-           throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT$1);
-         }
-         if (isObject$1(options)) {
-           leading = 'leading' in options ? !!options.leading : leading;
-           trailing = 'trailing' in options ? !!options.trailing : trailing;
-         }
-         return debounce(func, wait, {
-           'leading': leading,
-           'maxWait': wait,
-           'trailing': trailing
-         });
-       }
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var value = array[index],
+                     computed = iteratee ? iteratee(value) : value;
+
+                 if (!index || !eq(computed, seen)) {
+                   var seen = computed;
+                   result[resIndex++] = value === 0 ? 0 : value;
+                 }
+               }
+
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.toNumber` which doesn't ensure correct
+              * conversions of binary, hexadecimal, or octal string values.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to process.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the number.
+              */
 
-       var hashes = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       /**
-        * jshashes - https://github.com/h2non/jshashes
-        * Released under the "New BSD" license
-        *
-        * Algorithms specification:
-        *
-        * MD5 - http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1321.txt
-        * RIPEMD-160 - http://homes.esat.kuleuven.be/~bosselae/ripemd160.html
-        * SHA1   - http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips180-4/fips-180-4.pdf
-        * SHA256 - http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips180-4/fips-180-4.pdf
-        * SHA512 - http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips180-4/fips-180-4.pdf
-        * HMAC - http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2104.txt
-        */
-       (function() {
-         var Hashes;
 
-         function utf8Encode(str) {
-           var x, y, output = '',
-             i = -1,
-             l;
-
-           if (str && str.length) {
-             l = str.length;
-             while ((i += 1) < l) {
-               /* Decode utf-16 surrogate pairs */
-               x = str.charCodeAt(i);
-               y = i + 1 < l ? str.charCodeAt(i + 1) : 0;
-               if (0xD800 <= x && x <= 0xDBFF && 0xDC00 <= y && y <= 0xDFFF) {
-                 x = 0x10000 + ((x & 0x03FF) << 10) + (y & 0x03FF);
-                 i += 1;
-               }
-               /* Encode output as utf-8 */
-               if (x <= 0x7F) {
-                 output += String.fromCharCode(x);
-               } else if (x <= 0x7FF) {
-                 output += String.fromCharCode(0xC0 | ((x >>> 6) & 0x1F),
-                   0x80 | (x & 0x3F));
-               } else if (x <= 0xFFFF) {
-                 output += String.fromCharCode(0xE0 | ((x >>> 12) & 0x0F),
-                   0x80 | ((x >>> 6) & 0x3F),
-                   0x80 | (x & 0x3F));
-               } else if (x <= 0x1FFFFF) {
-                 output += String.fromCharCode(0xF0 | ((x >>> 18) & 0x07),
-                   0x80 | ((x >>> 12) & 0x3F),
-                   0x80 | ((x >>> 6) & 0x3F),
-                   0x80 | (x & 0x3F));
+             function baseToNumber(value) {
+               if (typeof value == 'number') {
+                 return value;
                }
-             }
-           }
-           return output;
-         }
 
-         function utf8Decode(str) {
-           var i, ac, c1, c2, c3, arr = [],
-             l;
-           i = ac = c1 = c2 = c3 = 0;
-
-           if (str && str.length) {
-             l = str.length;
-             str += '';
-
-             while (i < l) {
-               c1 = str.charCodeAt(i);
-               ac += 1;
-               if (c1 < 128) {
-                 arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(c1);
-                 i += 1;
-               } else if (c1 > 191 && c1 < 224) {
-                 c2 = str.charCodeAt(i + 1);
-                 arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(((c1 & 31) << 6) | (c2 & 63));
-                 i += 2;
-               } else {
-                 c2 = str.charCodeAt(i + 1);
-                 c3 = str.charCodeAt(i + 2);
-                 arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(((c1 & 15) << 12) | ((c2 & 63) << 6) | (c3 & 63));
-                 i += 3;
+               if (isSymbol(value)) {
+                 return NAN;
                }
-             }
-           }
-           return arr.join('');
-         }
-
-         /**
-          * Add integers, wrapping at 2^32. This uses 16-bit operations internally
-          * to work around bugs in some JS interpreters.
-          */
 
-         function safe_add(x, y) {
-           var lsw = (x & 0xFFFF) + (y & 0xFFFF),
-             msw = (x >> 16) + (y >> 16) + (lsw >> 16);
-           return (msw << 16) | (lsw & 0xFFFF);
-         }
+               return +value;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.toString` which doesn't convert nullish
+              * values to empty strings.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to process.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the string.
+              */
 
-         /**
-          * Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number to the left.
-          */
 
-         function bit_rol(num, cnt) {
-           return (num << cnt) | (num >>> (32 - cnt));
-         }
+             function baseToString(value) {
+               // Exit early for strings to avoid a performance hit in some environments.
+               if (typeof value == 'string') {
+                 return value;
+               }
 
-         /**
-          * Convert a raw string to a hex string
-          */
+               if (isArray(value)) {
+                 // Recursively convert values (susceptible to call stack limits).
+                 return arrayMap(value, baseToString) + '';
+               }
 
-         function rstr2hex(input, hexcase) {
-           var hex_tab = hexcase ? '0123456789ABCDEF' : '0123456789abcdef',
-             output = '',
-             x, i = 0,
-             l = input.length;
-           for (; i < l; i += 1) {
-             x = input.charCodeAt(i);
-             output += hex_tab.charAt((x >>> 4) & 0x0F) + hex_tab.charAt(x & 0x0F);
-           }
-           return output;
-         }
+               if (isSymbol(value)) {
+                 return symbolToString ? symbolToString.call(value) : '';
+               }
 
-         /**
-          * Convert an array of big-endian words to a string
-          */
+               var result = value + '';
+               return result == '0' && 1 / value == -INFINITY ? '-0' : result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.uniqBy` without support for iteratee shorthands.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @param {Function} [comparator] The comparator invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new duplicate free array.
+              */
 
-         function binb2rstr(input) {
-           var i, l = input.length * 32,
-             output = '';
-           for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
-             output += String.fromCharCode((input[i >> 5] >>> (24 - i % 32)) & 0xFF);
-           }
-           return output;
-         }
 
-         /**
-          * Convert an array of little-endian words to a string
-          */
+             function baseUniq(array, iteratee, comparator) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   includes = arrayIncludes,
+                   length = array.length,
+                   isCommon = true,
+                   result = [],
+                   seen = result;
 
-         function binl2rstr(input) {
-           var i, l = input.length * 32,
-             output = '';
-           for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
-             output += String.fromCharCode((input[i >> 5] >>> (i % 32)) & 0xFF);
-           }
-           return output;
-         }
+               if (comparator) {
+                 isCommon = false;
+                 includes = arrayIncludesWith;
+               } else if (length >= LARGE_ARRAY_SIZE) {
+                 var set = iteratee ? null : createSet(array);
 
-         /**
-          * Convert a raw string to an array of little-endian words
-          * Characters >255 have their high-byte silently ignored.
-          */
+                 if (set) {
+                   return setToArray(set);
+                 }
 
-         function rstr2binl(input) {
-           var i, l = input.length * 8,
-             output = Array(input.length >> 2),
-             lo = output.length;
-           for (i = 0; i < lo; i += 1) {
-             output[i] = 0;
-           }
-           for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
-             output[i >> 5] |= (input.charCodeAt(i / 8) & 0xFF) << (i % 32);
-           }
-           return output;
-         }
+                 isCommon = false;
+                 includes = cacheHas;
+                 seen = new SetCache();
+               } else {
+                 seen = iteratee ? [] : result;
+               }
 
-         /**
-          * Convert a raw string to an array of big-endian words
-          * Characters >255 have their high-byte silently ignored.
-          */
+               outer: while (++index < length) {
+                 var value = array[index],
+                     computed = iteratee ? iteratee(value) : value;
+                 value = comparator || value !== 0 ? value : 0;
 
-         function rstr2binb(input) {
-           var i, l = input.length * 8,
-             output = Array(input.length >> 2),
-             lo = output.length;
-           for (i = 0; i < lo; i += 1) {
-             output[i] = 0;
-           }
-           for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
-             output[i >> 5] |= (input.charCodeAt(i / 8) & 0xFF) << (24 - i % 32);
-           }
-           return output;
-         }
+                 if (isCommon && computed === computed) {
+                   var seenIndex = seen.length;
 
-         /**
-          * Convert a raw string to an arbitrary string encoding
-          */
+                   while (seenIndex--) {
+                     if (seen[seenIndex] === computed) {
+                       continue outer;
+                     }
+                   }
 
-         function rstr2any(input, encoding) {
-           var divisor = encoding.length,
-             remainders = Array(),
-             i, q, x, ld, quotient, dividend, output, full_length;
+                   if (iteratee) {
+                     seen.push(computed);
+                   }
 
-           /* Convert to an array of 16-bit big-endian values, forming the dividend */
-           dividend = Array(Math.ceil(input.length / 2));
-           ld = dividend.length;
-           for (i = 0; i < ld; i += 1) {
-             dividend[i] = (input.charCodeAt(i * 2) << 8) | input.charCodeAt(i * 2 + 1);
-           }
+                   result.push(value);
+                 } else if (!includes(seen, computed, comparator)) {
+                   if (seen !== result) {
+                     seen.push(computed);
+                   }
 
-           /**
-            * Repeatedly perform a long division. The binary array forms the dividend,
-            * the length of the encoding is the divisor. Once computed, the quotient
-            * forms the dividend for the next step. We stop when the dividend is zerHashes.
-            * All remainders are stored for later use.
-            */
-           while (dividend.length > 0) {
-             quotient = Array();
-             x = 0;
-             for (i = 0; i < dividend.length; i += 1) {
-               x = (x << 16) + dividend[i];
-               q = Math.floor(x / divisor);
-               x -= q * divisor;
-               if (quotient.length > 0 || q > 0) {
-                 quotient[quotient.length] = q;
+                   result.push(value);
+                 }
                }
+
+               return result;
              }
-             remainders[remainders.length] = x;
-             dividend = quotient;
-           }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.unset`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to modify.
+              * @param {Array|string} path The property path to unset.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the property is deleted, else `false`.
+              */
 
-           /* Convert the remainders to the output string */
-           output = '';
-           for (i = remainders.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-             output += encoding.charAt(remainders[i]);
-           }
 
-           /* Append leading zero equivalents */
-           full_length = Math.ceil(input.length * 8 / (Math.log(encoding.length) / Math.log(2)));
-           for (i = output.length; i < full_length; i += 1) {
-             output = encoding[0] + output;
-           }
-           return output;
-         }
+             function baseUnset(object, path) {
+               path = castPath(path, object);
+               object = parent(object, path);
+               return object == null || delete object[toKey(last(path))];
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `_.update`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to modify.
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to update.
+              * @param {Function} updater The function to produce the updated value.
+              * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize path creation.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              */
 
-         /**
-          * Convert a raw string to a base-64 string
-          */
 
-         function rstr2b64(input, b64pad) {
-           var tab = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/',
-             output = '',
-             len = input.length,
-             i, j, triplet;
-           b64pad = b64pad || '=';
-           for (i = 0; i < len; i += 3) {
-             triplet = (input.charCodeAt(i) << 16) | (i + 1 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 1) << 8 : 0) | (i + 2 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 2) : 0);
-             for (j = 0; j < 4; j += 1) {
-               if (i * 8 + j * 6 > input.length * 8) {
-                 output += b64pad;
-               } else {
-                 output += tab.charAt((triplet >>> 6 * (3 - j)) & 0x3F);
-               }
+             function baseUpdate(object, path, updater, customizer) {
+               return baseSet(object, path, updater(baseGet(object, path)), customizer);
              }
-           }
-           return output;
-         }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of methods like `_.dropWhile` and `_.takeWhile`
+              * without support for iteratee shorthands.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+              * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @param {boolean} [isDrop] Specify dropping elements instead of taking them.
+              * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify iterating from right to left.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
+              */
 
-         Hashes = {
-           /**
-            * @property {String} version
-            * @readonly
-            */
-           VERSION: '1.0.6',
-           /**
-            * @member Hashes
-            * @class Base64
-            * @constructor
-            */
-           Base64: function() {
-             // private properties
-             var tab = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/',
-               pad = '=', // default pad according with the RFC standard
-               utf8 = true; // by default enable UTF-8 support encoding
 
-             // public method for encoding
-             this.encode = function(input) {
-               var i, j, triplet,
-                 output = '',
-                 len = input.length;
+             function baseWhile(array, predicate, isDrop, fromRight) {
+               var length = array.length,
+                   index = fromRight ? length : -1;
 
-               pad = pad || '=';
-               input = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(input) : input;
+               while ((fromRight ? index-- : ++index < length) && predicate(array[index], index, array)) {}
+
+               return isDrop ? baseSlice(array, fromRight ? 0 : index, fromRight ? index + 1 : length) : baseSlice(array, fromRight ? index + 1 : 0, fromRight ? length : index);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of `wrapperValue` which returns the result of
+              * performing a sequence of actions on the unwrapped `value`, where each
+              * successive action is supplied the return value of the previous.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The unwrapped value.
+              * @param {Array} actions Actions to perform to resolve the unwrapped value.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the resolved value.
+              */
 
-               for (i = 0; i < len; i += 3) {
-                 triplet = (input.charCodeAt(i) << 16) | (i + 1 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 1) << 8 : 0) | (i + 2 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 2) : 0);
-                 for (j = 0; j < 4; j += 1) {
-                   if (i * 8 + j * 6 > len * 8) {
-                     output += pad;
-                   } else {
-                     output += tab.charAt((triplet >>> 6 * (3 - j)) & 0x3F);
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
-               return output;
-             };
 
-             // public method for decoding
-             this.decode = function(input) {
-               // var b64 = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=';
-               var i, o1, o2, o3, h1, h2, h3, h4, bits, ac,
-                 dec = '',
-                 arr = [];
-               if (!input) {
-                 return input;
+             function baseWrapperValue(value, actions) {
+               var result = value;
+
+               if (result instanceof LazyWrapper) {
+                 result = result.value();
                }
 
-               i = ac = 0;
-               input = input.replace(new RegExp('\\' + pad, 'gi'), ''); // use '='
-               //input += '';
+               return arrayReduce(actions, function (result, action) {
+                 return action.func.apply(action.thisArg, arrayPush([result], action.args));
+               }, result);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The base implementation of methods like `_.xor`, without support for
+              * iteratee shorthands, that accepts an array of arrays to inspect.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} arrays The arrays to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @param {Function} [comparator] The comparator invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of values.
+              */
 
-               do { // unpack four hexets into three octets using index points in b64
-                 h1 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
-                 h2 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
-                 h3 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
-                 h4 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
 
-                 bits = h1 << 18 | h2 << 12 | h3 << 6 | h4;
+             function baseXor(arrays, iteratee, comparator) {
+               var length = arrays.length;
 
-                 o1 = bits >> 16 & 0xff;
-                 o2 = bits >> 8 & 0xff;
-                 o3 = bits & 0xff;
-                 ac += 1;
+               if (length < 2) {
+                 return length ? baseUniq(arrays[0]) : [];
+               }
 
-                 if (h3 === 64) {
-                   arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(o1);
-                 } else if (h4 === 64) {
-                   arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(o1, o2);
-                 } else {
-                   arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(o1, o2, o3);
+               var index = -1,
+                   result = Array(length);
+
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var array = arrays[index],
+                     othIndex = -1;
+
+                 while (++othIndex < length) {
+                   if (othIndex != index) {
+                     result[index] = baseDifference(result[index] || array, arrays[othIndex], iteratee, comparator);
+                   }
                  }
-               } while (i < input.length);
+               }
+
+               return baseUniq(baseFlatten(result, 1), iteratee, comparator);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This base implementation of `_.zipObject` which assigns values using `assignFunc`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} props The property identifiers.
+              * @param {Array} values The property values.
+              * @param {Function} assignFunc The function to assign values.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
+              */
 
-               dec = arr.join('');
-               dec = (utf8) ? utf8Decode(dec) : dec;
 
-               return dec;
-             };
+             function baseZipObject(props, values, assignFunc) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = props.length,
+                   valsLength = values.length,
+                   result = {};
 
-             // set custom pad string
-             this.setPad = function(str) {
-               pad = str || pad;
-               return this;
-             };
-             // set custom tab string characters
-             this.setTab = function(str) {
-               tab = str || tab;
-               return this;
-             };
-             this.setUTF8 = function(bool) {
-               if (typeof bool === 'boolean') {
-                 utf8 = bool;
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var value = index < valsLength ? values[index] : undefined$1;
+                 assignFunc(result, props[index], value);
                }
-               return this;
-             };
-           },
 
-           /**
-            * CRC-32 calculation
-            * @member Hashes
-            * @method CRC32
-            * @static
-            * @param {String} str Input String
-            * @return {String}
-            */
-           CRC32: function(str) {
-             var crc = 0,
-               x = 0,
-               y = 0,
-               table, i, iTop;
-             str = utf8Encode(str);
-
-             table = [
-               '00000000 77073096 EE0E612C 990951BA 076DC419 706AF48F E963A535 9E6495A3 0EDB8832 ',
-               '79DCB8A4 E0D5E91E 97D2D988 09B64C2B 7EB17CBD E7B82D07 90BF1D91 1DB71064 6AB020F2 F3B97148 ',
-               '84BE41DE 1ADAD47D 6DDDE4EB F4D4B551 83D385C7 136C9856 646BA8C0 FD62F97A 8A65C9EC 14015C4F ',
-               '63066CD9 FA0F3D63 8D080DF5 3B6E20C8 4C69105E D56041E4 A2677172 3C03E4D1 4B04D447 D20D85FD ',
-               'A50AB56B 35B5A8FA 42B2986C DBBBC9D6 ACBCF940 32D86CE3 45DF5C75 DCD60DCF ABD13D59 26D930AC ',
-               '51DE003A C8D75180 BFD06116 21B4F4B5 56B3C423 CFBA9599 B8BDA50F 2802B89E 5F058808 C60CD9B2 ',
-               'B10BE924 2F6F7C87 58684C11 C1611DAB B6662D3D 76DC4190 01DB7106 98D220BC EFD5102A 71B18589 ',
-               '06B6B51F 9FBFE4A5 E8B8D433 7807C9A2 0F00F934 9609A88E E10E9818 7F6A0DBB 086D3D2D 91646C97 ',
-               'E6635C01 6B6B51F4 1C6C6162 856530D8 F262004E 6C0695ED 1B01A57B 8208F4C1 F50FC457 65B0D9C6 ',
-               '12B7E950 8BBEB8EA FCB9887C 62DD1DDF 15DA2D49 8CD37CF3 FBD44C65 4DB26158 3AB551CE A3BC0074 ',
-               'D4BB30E2 4ADFA541 3DD895D7 A4D1C46D D3D6F4FB 4369E96A 346ED9FC AD678846 DA60B8D0 44042D73 ',
-               '33031DE5 AA0A4C5F DD0D7CC9 5005713C 270241AA BE0B1010 C90C2086 5768B525 206F85B3 B966D409 ',
-               'CE61E49F 5EDEF90E 29D9C998 B0D09822 C7D7A8B4 59B33D17 2EB40D81 B7BD5C3B C0BA6CAD EDB88320 ',
-               '9ABFB3B6 03B6E20C 74B1D29A EAD54739 9DD277AF 04DB2615 73DC1683 E3630B12 94643B84 0D6D6A3E ',
-               '7A6A5AA8 E40ECF0B 9309FF9D 0A00AE27 7D079EB1 F00F9344 8708A3D2 1E01F268 6906C2FE F762575D ',
-               '806567CB 196C3671 6E6B06E7 FED41B76 89D32BE0 10DA7A5A 67DD4ACC F9B9DF6F 8EBEEFF9 17B7BE43 ',
-               '60B08ED5 D6D6A3E8 A1D1937E 38D8C2C4 4FDFF252 D1BB67F1 A6BC5767 3FB506DD 48B2364B D80D2BDA ',
-               'AF0A1B4C 36034AF6 41047A60 DF60EFC3 A867DF55 316E8EEF 4669BE79 CB61B38C BC66831A 256FD2A0 ',
-               '5268E236 CC0C7795 BB0B4703 220216B9 5505262F C5BA3BBE B2BD0B28 2BB45A92 5CB36A04 C2D7FFA7 ',
-               'B5D0CF31 2CD99E8B 5BDEAE1D 9B64C2B0 EC63F226 756AA39C 026D930A 9C0906A9 EB0E363F 72076785 ',
-               '05005713 95BF4A82 E2B87A14 7BB12BAE 0CB61B38 92D28E9B E5D5BE0D 7CDCEFB7 0BDBDF21 86D3D2D4 ',
-               'F1D4E242 68DDB3F8 1FDA836E 81BE16CD F6B9265B 6FB077E1 18B74777 88085AE6 FF0F6A70 66063BCA ',
-               '11010B5C 8F659EFF F862AE69 616BFFD3 166CCF45 A00AE278 D70DD2EE 4E048354 3903B3C2 A7672661 ',
-               'D06016F7 4969474D 3E6E77DB AED16A4A D9D65ADC 40DF0B66 37D83BF0 A9BCAE53 DEBB9EC5 47B2CF7F ',
-               '30B5FFE9 BDBDF21C CABAC28A 53B39330 24B4A3A6 BAD03605 CDD70693 54DE5729 23D967BF B3667A2E ',
-               'C4614AB8 5D681B02 2A6F2B94 B40BBE37 C30C8EA1 5A05DF1B 2D02EF8D'
-             ].join('');
-
-             crc = crc ^ (-1);
-             for (i = 0, iTop = str.length; i < iTop; i += 1) {
-               y = (crc ^ str.charCodeAt(i)) & 0xFF;
-               x = '0x' + table.substr(y * 9, 8);
-               crc = (crc >>> 8) ^ x;
-             }
-             // always return a positive number (that's what >>> 0 does)
-             return (crc ^ (-1)) >>> 0;
-           },
-           /**
-            * @member Hashes
-            * @class MD5
-            * @constructor
-            * @param {Object} [config]
-            *
-            * A JavaScript implementation of the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message
-            * Digest Algorithm, as defined in RFC 1321.
-            * Version 2.2 Copyright (C) Paul Johnston 1999 - 2009
-            * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
-            * See <http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5> for more infHashes.
-            */
-           MD5: function(options) {
+               return result;
+             }
              /**
-              * Private config properties. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
-              * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
-              * See {@link Hashes.MD5#method-setUpperCase} and {@link Hashes.SHA1#method-setUpperCase}
+              * Casts `value` to an empty array if it's not an array like object.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to inspect.
+              * @returns {Array|Object} Returns the cast array-like object.
               */
-             var hexcase = (options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean') ? options.uppercase : false, // hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase
-               b64pad = (options && typeof options.pad === 'string') ? options.pad : '=', // base-64 pad character. Defaults to '=' for strict RFC compliance
-               utf8 = (options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean') ? options.utf8 : true; // enable/disable utf8 encoding
 
-             // privileged (public) methods
-             this.hex = function(s) {
-               return rstr2hex(rstr(s), hexcase);
-             };
-             this.b64 = function(s) {
-               return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
-             };
-             this.any = function(s, e) {
-               return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
-             };
-             this.raw = function(s) {
-               return rstr(s);
-             };
-             this.hex_hmac = function(k, d) {
-               return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d), hexcase);
-             };
-             this.b64_hmac = function(k, d) {
-               return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
-             };
-             this.any_hmac = function(k, d, e) {
-               return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
-             };
+
+             function castArrayLikeObject(value) {
+               return isArrayLikeObject(value) ? value : [];
+             }
              /**
-              * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
-              * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
+              * Casts `value` to `identity` if it's not a function.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to inspect.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns cast function.
               */
-             this.vm_test = function() {
-               return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
-             };
+
+
+             function castFunction(value) {
+               return typeof value == 'function' ? value : identity;
+             }
              /**
-              * Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
-              * @param {Boolean}
-              * @return {Object} this
+              * Casts `value` to a path array if it's not one.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to inspect.
+              * @param {Object} [object] The object to query keys on.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the cast property path array.
               */
-             this.setUpperCase = function(a) {
-               if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                 hexcase = a;
+
+
+             function castPath(value, object) {
+               if (isArray(value)) {
+                 return value;
                }
-               return this;
-             };
+
+               return isKey(value, object) ? [value] : stringToPath(toString(value));
+             }
              /**
-              * Defines a base64 pad string
-              * @param {String} Pad
-              * @return {Object} this
+              * A `baseRest` alias which can be replaced with `identity` by module
+              * replacement plugins.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @type {Function}
+              * @param {Function} func The function to apply a rest parameter to.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
               */
-             this.setPad = function(a) {
-               b64pad = a || b64pad;
-               return this;
-             };
+
+
+             var castRest = baseRest;
              /**
-              * Defines a base64 pad string
-              * @param {Boolean}
-              * @return {Object} [this]
+              * Casts `array` to a slice if it's needed.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {number} start The start position.
+              * @param {number} [end=array.length] The end position.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the cast slice.
               */
-             this.setUTF8 = function(a) {
-               if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                 utf8 = a;
-               }
-               return this;
-             };
 
-             // private methods
-
-             /**
-              * Calculate the MD5 of a raw string
-              */
-
-             function rstr(s) {
-               s = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
-               return binl2rstr(binl(rstr2binl(s), s.length * 8));
-             }
-
-             /**
-              * Calculate the HMAC-MD5, of a key and some data (raw strings)
-              */
-
-             function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
-               var bkey, ipad, opad, hash, i;
-
-               key = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
-               data = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
-               bkey = rstr2binl(key);
-               if (bkey.length > 16) {
-                 bkey = binl(bkey, key.length * 8);
-               }
-
-               ipad = Array(16), opad = Array(16);
-               for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 1) {
-                 ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
-                 opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
-               }
-               hash = binl(ipad.concat(rstr2binl(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
-               return binl2rstr(binl(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 128));
-             }
-
-             /**
-              * Calculate the MD5 of an array of little-endian words, and a bit length.
-              */
-
-             function binl(x, len) {
-               var i, olda, oldb, oldc, oldd,
-                 a = 1732584193,
-                 b = -271733879,
-                 c = -1732584194,
-                 d = 271733878;
-
-               /* append padding */
-               x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << ((len) % 32);
-               x[(((len + 64) >>> 9) << 4) + 14] = len;
+             function castSlice(array, start, end) {
+               var length = array.length;
+               end = end === undefined$1 ? length : end;
+               return !start && end >= length ? array : baseSlice(array, start, end);
+             }
+             /**
+              * A simple wrapper around the global [`clearTimeout`](https://mdn.io/clearTimeout).
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {number|Object} id The timer id or timeout object of the timer to clear.
+              */
 
-               for (i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16) {
-                 olda = a;
-                 oldb = b;
-                 oldc = c;
-                 oldd = d;
 
-                 a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 0], 7, -680876936);
-                 d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 1], 12, -389564586);
-                 c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 2], 17, 606105819);
-                 b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 3], 22, -1044525330);
-                 a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 4], 7, -176418897);
-                 d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 5], 12, 1200080426);
-                 c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 6], 17, -1473231341);
-                 b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 7], 22, -45705983);
-                 a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 8], 7, 1770035416);
-                 d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 9], 12, -1958414417);
-                 c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 10], 17, -42063);
-                 b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 11], 22, -1990404162);
-                 a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 12], 7, 1804603682);
-                 d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 13], 12, -40341101);
-                 c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 14], 17, -1502002290);
-                 b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 15], 22, 1236535329);
+             var clearTimeout = ctxClearTimeout || function (id) {
+               return root.clearTimeout(id);
+             };
+             /**
+              * Creates a clone of  `buffer`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Buffer} buffer The buffer to clone.
+              * @param {boolean} [isDeep] Specify a deep clone.
+              * @returns {Buffer} Returns the cloned buffer.
+              */
 
-                 a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 1], 5, -165796510);
-                 d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 6], 9, -1069501632);
-                 c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 11], 14, 643717713);
-                 b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 0], 20, -373897302);
-                 a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 5], 5, -701558691);
-                 d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 10], 9, 38016083);
-                 c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 15], 14, -660478335);
-                 b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 4], 20, -405537848);
-                 a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 9], 5, 568446438);
-                 d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 14], 9, -1019803690);
-                 c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 3], 14, -187363961);
-                 b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 8], 20, 1163531501);
-                 a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 13], 5, -1444681467);
-                 d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 2], 9, -51403784);
-                 c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 7], 14, 1735328473);
-                 b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 12], 20, -1926607734);
 
-                 a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 5], 4, -378558);
-                 d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 8], 11, -2022574463);
-                 c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 11], 16, 1839030562);
-                 b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 14], 23, -35309556);
-                 a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 1], 4, -1530992060);
-                 d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 4], 11, 1272893353);
-                 c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 7], 16, -155497632);
-                 b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 10], 23, -1094730640);
-                 a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 13], 4, 681279174);
-                 d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 0], 11, -358537222);
-                 c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 3], 16, -722521979);
-                 b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 6], 23, 76029189);
-                 a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 9], 4, -640364487);
-                 d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 12], 11, -421815835);
-                 c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 15], 16, 530742520);
-                 b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 2], 23, -995338651);
+             function cloneBuffer(buffer, isDeep) {
+               if (isDeep) {
+                 return buffer.slice();
+               }
 
-                 a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 0], 6, -198630844);
-                 d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 7], 10, 1126891415);
-                 c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 14], 15, -1416354905);
-                 b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 5], 21, -57434055);
-                 a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 12], 6, 1700485571);
-                 d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 3], 10, -1894986606);
-                 c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 10], 15, -1051523);
-                 b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 1], 21, -2054922799);
-                 a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 8], 6, 1873313359);
-                 d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 15], 10, -30611744);
-                 c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 6], 15, -1560198380);
-                 b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 13], 21, 1309151649);
-                 a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 4], 6, -145523070);
-                 d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 11], 10, -1120210379);
-                 c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 2], 15, 718787259);
-                 b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 9], 21, -343485551);
-
-                 a = safe_add(a, olda);
-                 b = safe_add(b, oldb);
-                 c = safe_add(c, oldc);
-                 d = safe_add(d, oldd);
-               }
-               return Array(a, b, c, d);
-             }
-
-             /**
-              * These functions implement the four basic operations the algorithm uses.
-              */
-
-             function md5_cmn(q, a, b, x, s, t) {
-               return safe_add(bit_rol(safe_add(safe_add(a, q), safe_add(x, t)), s), b);
-             }
-
-             function md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
-               return md5_cmn((b & c) | ((~b) & d), a, b, x, s, t);
-             }
-
-             function md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
-               return md5_cmn((b & d) | (c & (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
-             }
-
-             function md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
-               return md5_cmn(b ^ c ^ d, a, b, x, s, t);
-             }
-
-             function md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
-               return md5_cmn(c ^ (b | (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
+               var length = buffer.length,
+                   result = allocUnsafe ? allocUnsafe(length) : new buffer.constructor(length);
+               buffer.copy(result);
+               return result;
              }
-           },
-           /**
-            * @member Hashes
-            * @class Hashes.SHA1
-            * @param {Object} [config]
-            * @constructor
-            *
-            * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-1, as defined in FIPS 180-1
-            * Version 2.2 Copyright Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
-            * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
-            * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
-            */
-           SHA1: function(options) {
              /**
-              * Private config properties. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
-              * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
-              * See {@link Hashes.MD5#method-setUpperCase} and {@link Hashes.SHA1#method-setUpperCase}
+              * Creates a clone of `arrayBuffer`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {ArrayBuffer} arrayBuffer The array buffer to clone.
+              * @returns {ArrayBuffer} Returns the cloned array buffer.
               */
-             var hexcase = (options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean') ? options.uppercase : false, // hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase
-               b64pad = (options && typeof options.pad === 'string') ? options.pad : '=', // base-64 pad character. Defaults to '=' for strict RFC compliance
-               utf8 = (options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean') ? options.utf8 : true; // enable/disable utf8 encoding
 
-             // public methods
-             this.hex = function(s) {
-               return rstr2hex(rstr(s), hexcase);
-             };
-             this.b64 = function(s) {
-               return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
-             };
-             this.any = function(s, e) {
-               return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
-             };
-             this.raw = function(s) {
-               return rstr(s);
-             };
-             this.hex_hmac = function(k, d) {
-               return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
-             };
-             this.b64_hmac = function(k, d) {
-               return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
-             };
-             this.any_hmac = function(k, d, e) {
-               return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
-             };
-             /**
-              * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
-              * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
-              * @public
-              */
-             this.vm_test = function() {
-               return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
-             };
+
+             function cloneArrayBuffer(arrayBuffer) {
+               var result = new arrayBuffer.constructor(arrayBuffer.byteLength);
+               new Uint8Array(result).set(new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer));
+               return result;
+             }
              /**
-              * @description Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
-              * @param {boolean}
-              * @return {Object} this
-              * @public
+              * Creates a clone of `dataView`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} dataView The data view to clone.
+              * @param {boolean} [isDeep] Specify a deep clone.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the cloned data view.
               */
-             this.setUpperCase = function(a) {
-               if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                 hexcase = a;
-               }
-               return this;
-             };
+
+
+             function cloneDataView(dataView, isDeep) {
+               var buffer = isDeep ? cloneArrayBuffer(dataView.buffer) : dataView.buffer;
+               return new dataView.constructor(buffer, dataView.byteOffset, dataView.byteLength);
+             }
              /**
-              * @description Defines a base64 pad string
-              * @param {string} Pad
-              * @return {Object} this
-              * @public
+              * Creates a clone of `regexp`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} regexp The regexp to clone.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the cloned regexp.
               */
-             this.setPad = function(a) {
-               b64pad = a || b64pad;
-               return this;
-             };
+
+
+             function cloneRegExp(regexp) {
+               var result = new regexp.constructor(regexp.source, reFlags.exec(regexp));
+               result.lastIndex = regexp.lastIndex;
+               return result;
+             }
              /**
-              * @description Defines a base64 pad string
-              * @param {boolean}
-              * @return {Object} this
-              * @public
+              * Creates a clone of the `symbol` object.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} symbol The symbol object to clone.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the cloned symbol object.
               */
-             this.setUTF8 = function(a) {
-               if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                 utf8 = a;
-               }
-               return this;
-             };
 
-             // private methods
 
+             function cloneSymbol(symbol) {
+               return symbolValueOf ? Object(symbolValueOf.call(symbol)) : {};
+             }
              /**
-              * Calculate the SHA-512 of a raw string
+              * Creates a clone of `typedArray`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} typedArray The typed array to clone.
+              * @param {boolean} [isDeep] Specify a deep clone.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the cloned typed array.
               */
 
-             function rstr(s) {
-               s = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
-               return binb2rstr(binb(rstr2binb(s), s.length * 8));
-             }
 
+             function cloneTypedArray(typedArray, isDeep) {
+               var buffer = isDeep ? cloneArrayBuffer(typedArray.buffer) : typedArray.buffer;
+               return new typedArray.constructor(buffer, typedArray.byteOffset, typedArray.length);
+             }
              /**
-              * Calculate the HMAC-SHA1 of a key and some data (raw strings)
+              * Compares values to sort them in ascending order.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to compare.
+              * @param {*} other The other value to compare.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the sort order indicator for `value`.
               */
 
-             function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
-               var bkey, ipad, opad, i, hash;
-               key = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
-               data = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
-               bkey = rstr2binb(key);
 
-               if (bkey.length > 16) {
-                 bkey = binb(bkey, key.length * 8);
-               }
-               ipad = Array(16), opad = Array(16);
-               for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 1) {
-                 ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
-                 opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
+             function compareAscending(value, other) {
+               if (value !== other) {
+                 var valIsDefined = value !== undefined$1,
+                     valIsNull = value === null,
+                     valIsReflexive = value === value,
+                     valIsSymbol = isSymbol(value);
+                 var othIsDefined = other !== undefined$1,
+                     othIsNull = other === null,
+                     othIsReflexive = other === other,
+                     othIsSymbol = isSymbol(other);
+
+                 if (!othIsNull && !othIsSymbol && !valIsSymbol && value > other || valIsSymbol && othIsDefined && othIsReflexive && !othIsNull && !othIsSymbol || valIsNull && othIsDefined && othIsReflexive || !valIsDefined && othIsReflexive || !valIsReflexive) {
+                   return 1;
+                 }
+
+                 if (!valIsNull && !valIsSymbol && !othIsSymbol && value < other || othIsSymbol && valIsDefined && valIsReflexive && !valIsNull && !valIsSymbol || othIsNull && valIsDefined && valIsReflexive || !othIsDefined && valIsReflexive || !othIsReflexive) {
+                   return -1;
+                 }
                }
-               hash = binb(ipad.concat(rstr2binb(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
-               return binb2rstr(binb(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 160));
-             }
 
+               return 0;
+             }
              /**
-              * Calculate the SHA-1 of an array of big-endian words, and a bit length
+              * Used by `_.orderBy` to compare multiple properties of a value to another
+              * and stable sort them.
+              *
+              * If `orders` is unspecified, all values are sorted in ascending order. Otherwise,
+              * specify an order of "desc" for descending or "asc" for ascending sort order
+              * of corresponding values.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to compare.
+              * @param {Object} other The other object to compare.
+              * @param {boolean[]|string[]} orders The order to sort by for each property.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the sort order indicator for `object`.
               */
 
-             function binb(x, len) {
-               var i, j, t, olda, oldb, oldc, oldd, olde,
-                 w = Array(80),
-                 a = 1732584193,
-                 b = -271733879,
-                 c = -1732584194,
-                 d = 271733878,
-                 e = -1009589776;
 
-               /* append padding */
-               x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << (24 - len % 32);
-               x[((len + 64 >> 9) << 4) + 15] = len;
+             function compareMultiple(object, other, orders) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   objCriteria = object.criteria,
+                   othCriteria = other.criteria,
+                   length = objCriteria.length,
+                   ordersLength = orders.length;
 
-               for (i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16) {
-                 olda = a;
-                 oldb = b;
-                 oldc = c;
-                 oldd = d;
-                 olde = e;
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var result = compareAscending(objCriteria[index], othCriteria[index]);
 
-                 for (j = 0; j < 80; j += 1) {
-                   if (j < 16) {
-                     w[j] = x[i + j];
-                   } else {
-                     w[j] = bit_rol(w[j - 3] ^ w[j - 8] ^ w[j - 14] ^ w[j - 16], 1);
+                 if (result) {
+                   if (index >= ordersLength) {
+                     return result;
                    }
-                   t = safe_add(safe_add(bit_rol(a, 5), sha1_ft(j, b, c, d)),
-                     safe_add(safe_add(e, w[j]), sha1_kt(j)));
-                   e = d;
-                   d = c;
-                   c = bit_rol(b, 30);
-                   b = a;
-                   a = t;
+
+                   var order = orders[index];
+                   return result * (order == 'desc' ? -1 : 1);
                  }
+               } // Fixes an `Array#sort` bug in the JS engine embedded in Adobe applications
+               // that causes it, under certain circumstances, to provide the same value for
+               // `object` and `other`. See https://github.com/jashkenas/underscore/pull/1247
+               // for more details.
+               //
+               // This also ensures a stable sort in V8 and other engines.
+               // See https://bugs.chromium.org/p/v8/issues/detail?id=90 for more details.
 
-                 a = safe_add(a, olda);
-                 b = safe_add(b, oldb);
-                 c = safe_add(c, oldc);
-                 d = safe_add(d, oldd);
-                 e = safe_add(e, olde);
-               }
-               return Array(a, b, c, d, e);
-             }
 
+               return object.index - other.index;
+             }
              /**
-              * Perform the appropriate triplet combination function for the current
-              * iteration
+              * Creates an array that is the composition of partially applied arguments,
+              * placeholders, and provided arguments into a single array of arguments.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} args The provided arguments.
+              * @param {Array} partials The arguments to prepend to those provided.
+              * @param {Array} holders The `partials` placeholder indexes.
+              * @params {boolean} [isCurried] Specify composing for a curried function.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of composed arguments.
               */
 
-             function sha1_ft(t, b, c, d) {
-               if (t < 20) {
-                 return (b & c) | ((~b) & d);
+
+             function composeArgs(args, partials, holders, isCurried) {
+               var argsIndex = -1,
+                   argsLength = args.length,
+                   holdersLength = holders.length,
+                   leftIndex = -1,
+                   leftLength = partials.length,
+                   rangeLength = nativeMax(argsLength - holdersLength, 0),
+                   result = Array(leftLength + rangeLength),
+                   isUncurried = !isCurried;
+
+               while (++leftIndex < leftLength) {
+                 result[leftIndex] = partials[leftIndex];
                }
-               if (t < 40) {
-                 return b ^ c ^ d;
+
+               while (++argsIndex < holdersLength) {
+                 if (isUncurried || argsIndex < argsLength) {
+                   result[holders[argsIndex]] = args[argsIndex];
+                 }
                }
-               if (t < 60) {
-                 return (b & c) | (b & d) | (c & d);
+
+               while (rangeLength--) {
+                 result[leftIndex++] = args[argsIndex++];
                }
-               return b ^ c ^ d;
-             }
 
+               return result;
+             }
              /**
-              * Determine the appropriate additive constant for the current iteration
+              * This function is like `composeArgs` except that the arguments composition
+              * is tailored for `_.partialRight`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} args The provided arguments.
+              * @param {Array} partials The arguments to append to those provided.
+              * @param {Array} holders The `partials` placeholder indexes.
+              * @params {boolean} [isCurried] Specify composing for a curried function.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of composed arguments.
               */
 
-             function sha1_kt(t) {
-               return (t < 20) ? 1518500249 : (t < 40) ? 1859775393 :
-                 (t < 60) ? -1894007588 : -899497514;
+
+             function composeArgsRight(args, partials, holders, isCurried) {
+               var argsIndex = -1,
+                   argsLength = args.length,
+                   holdersIndex = -1,
+                   holdersLength = holders.length,
+                   rightIndex = -1,
+                   rightLength = partials.length,
+                   rangeLength = nativeMax(argsLength - holdersLength, 0),
+                   result = Array(rangeLength + rightLength),
+                   isUncurried = !isCurried;
+
+               while (++argsIndex < rangeLength) {
+                 result[argsIndex] = args[argsIndex];
+               }
+
+               var offset = argsIndex;
+
+               while (++rightIndex < rightLength) {
+                 result[offset + rightIndex] = partials[rightIndex];
+               }
+
+               while (++holdersIndex < holdersLength) {
+                 if (isUncurried || argsIndex < argsLength) {
+                   result[offset + holders[holdersIndex]] = args[argsIndex++];
+                 }
+               }
+
+               return result;
              }
-           },
-           /**
-            * @class Hashes.SHA256
-            * @param {config}
-            *
-            * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-256, as defined in FIPS 180-2
-            * Version 2.2 Copyright Angel Marin, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
-            * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
-            * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
-            * Also http://anmar.eu.org/projects/jssha2/
-            */
-           SHA256: function(options) {
              /**
-              * Private properties configuration variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
-              * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
-              * @see this.setUpperCase() method
-              * @see this.setPad() method
+              * Copies the values of `source` to `array`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} source The array to copy values from.
+              * @param {Array} [array=[]] The array to copy values to.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
               */
-             var hexcase = (options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean') ? options.uppercase : false, // hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase  */
-               b64pad = (options && typeof options.pad === 'string') ? options.pad : '=',
-               /* base-64 pad character. Default '=' for strict RFC compliance   */
-               utf8 = (options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean') ? options.utf8 : true,
-               /* enable/disable utf8 encoding */
-               sha256_K;
 
-             /* privileged (public) methods */
-             this.hex = function(s) {
-               return rstr2hex(rstr(s, utf8));
-             };
-             this.b64 = function(s) {
-               return rstr2b64(rstr(s, utf8), b64pad);
-             };
-             this.any = function(s, e) {
-               return rstr2any(rstr(s, utf8), e);
-             };
-             this.raw = function(s) {
-               return rstr(s, utf8);
-             };
-             this.hex_hmac = function(k, d) {
-               return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
-             };
-             this.b64_hmac = function(k, d) {
-               return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
-             };
-             this.any_hmac = function(k, d, e) {
-               return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
-             };
-             /**
-              * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
-              * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
-              * @public
-              */
-             this.vm_test = function() {
-               return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
-             };
+
+             function copyArray(source, array) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = source.length;
+               array || (array = Array(length));
+
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 array[index] = source[index];
+               }
+
+               return array;
+             }
              /**
-              * Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
-              * @param {boolean}
-              * @return {Object} this
-              * @public
+              * Copies properties of `source` to `object`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} source The object to copy properties from.
+              * @param {Array} props The property identifiers to copy.
+              * @param {Object} [object={}] The object to copy properties to.
+              * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize copied values.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
               */
-             this.setUpperCase = function(a) {
-               if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                 hexcase = a;
+
+
+             function copyObject(source, props, object, customizer) {
+               var isNew = !object;
+               object || (object = {});
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = props.length;
+
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var key = props[index];
+                 var newValue = customizer ? customizer(object[key], source[key], key, object, source) : undefined$1;
+
+                 if (newValue === undefined$1) {
+                   newValue = source[key];
+                 }
+
+                 if (isNew) {
+                   baseAssignValue(object, key, newValue);
+                 } else {
+                   assignValue(object, key, newValue);
+                 }
                }
-               return this;
-             };
+
+               return object;
+             }
              /**
-              * @description Defines a base64 pad string
-              * @param {string} Pad
-              * @return {Object} this
-              * @public
+              * Copies own symbols of `source` to `object`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} source The object to copy symbols from.
+              * @param {Object} [object={}] The object to copy symbols to.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
               */
-             this.setPad = function(a) {
-               b64pad = a || b64pad;
-               return this;
-             };
+
+
+             function copySymbols(source, object) {
+               return copyObject(source, getSymbols(source), object);
+             }
              /**
-              * Defines a base64 pad string
-              * @param {boolean}
-              * @return {Object} this
-              * @public
+              * Copies own and inherited symbols of `source` to `object`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} source The object to copy symbols from.
+              * @param {Object} [object={}] The object to copy symbols to.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
               */
-             this.setUTF8 = function(a) {
-               if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                 utf8 = a;
-               }
-               return this;
-             };
 
-             // private methods
 
+             function copySymbolsIn(source, object) {
+               return copyObject(source, getSymbolsIn(source), object);
+             }
              /**
-              * Calculate the SHA-512 of a raw string
+              * Creates a function like `_.groupBy`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} setter The function to set accumulator values.
+              * @param {Function} [initializer] The accumulator object initializer.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new aggregator function.
               */
 
-             function rstr(s, utf8) {
-               s = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
-               return binb2rstr(binb(rstr2binb(s), s.length * 8));
-             }
 
+             function createAggregator(setter, initializer) {
+               return function (collection, iteratee) {
+                 var func = isArray(collection) ? arrayAggregator : baseAggregator,
+                     accumulator = initializer ? initializer() : {};
+                 return func(collection, setter, getIteratee(iteratee, 2), accumulator);
+               };
+             }
              /**
-              * Calculate the HMAC-sha256 of a key and some data (raw strings)
+              * Creates a function like `_.assign`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} assigner The function to assign values.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new assigner function.
               */
 
-             function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
-               key = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
-               data = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
-               var hash, i = 0,
-                 bkey = rstr2binb(key),
-                 ipad = Array(16),
-                 opad = Array(16);
 
-               if (bkey.length > 16) {
-                 bkey = binb(bkey, key.length * 8);
-               }
+             function createAssigner(assigner) {
+               return baseRest(function (object, sources) {
+                 var index = -1,
+                     length = sources.length,
+                     customizer = length > 1 ? sources[length - 1] : undefined$1,
+                     guard = length > 2 ? sources[2] : undefined$1;
+                 customizer = assigner.length > 3 && typeof customizer == 'function' ? (length--, customizer) : undefined$1;
 
-               for (; i < 16; i += 1) {
-                 ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
-                 opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
-               }
+                 if (guard && isIterateeCall(sources[0], sources[1], guard)) {
+                   customizer = length < 3 ? undefined$1 : customizer;
+                   length = 1;
+                 }
 
-               hash = binb(ipad.concat(rstr2binb(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
-               return binb2rstr(binb(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 256));
-             }
+                 object = Object(object);
 
-             /*
-              * Main sha256 function, with its support functions
-              */
+                 while (++index < length) {
+                   var source = sources[index];
 
-             function sha256_S(X, n) {
-               return (X >>> n) | (X << (32 - n));
-             }
+                   if (source) {
+                     assigner(object, source, index, customizer);
+                   }
+                 }
 
-             function sha256_R(X, n) {
-               return (X >>> n);
+                 return object;
+               });
              }
+             /**
+              * Creates a `baseEach` or `baseEachRight` function.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} eachFunc The function to iterate over a collection.
+              * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify iterating from right to left.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new base function.
+              */
 
-             function sha256_Ch(x, y, z) {
-               return ((x & y) ^ ((~x) & z));
-             }
 
-             function sha256_Maj(x, y, z) {
-               return ((x & y) ^ (x & z) ^ (y & z));
-             }
+             function createBaseEach(eachFunc, fromRight) {
+               return function (collection, iteratee) {
+                 if (collection == null) {
+                   return collection;
+                 }
 
-             function sha256_Sigma0256(x) {
-               return (sha256_S(x, 2) ^ sha256_S(x, 13) ^ sha256_S(x, 22));
-             }
+                 if (!isArrayLike(collection)) {
+                   return eachFunc(collection, iteratee);
+                 }
 
-             function sha256_Sigma1256(x) {
-               return (sha256_S(x, 6) ^ sha256_S(x, 11) ^ sha256_S(x, 25));
-             }
+                 var length = collection.length,
+                     index = fromRight ? length : -1,
+                     iterable = Object(collection);
 
-             function sha256_Gamma0256(x) {
-               return (sha256_S(x, 7) ^ sha256_S(x, 18) ^ sha256_R(x, 3));
-             }
+                 while (fromRight ? index-- : ++index < length) {
+                   if (iteratee(iterable[index], index, iterable) === false) {
+                     break;
+                   }
+                 }
 
-             function sha256_Gamma1256(x) {
-               return (sha256_S(x, 17) ^ sha256_S(x, 19) ^ sha256_R(x, 10));
+                 return collection;
+               };
              }
+             /**
+              * Creates a base function for methods like `_.forIn` and `_.forOwn`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify iterating from right to left.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new base function.
+              */
 
-             sha256_K = [
-               1116352408, 1899447441, -1245643825, -373957723, 961987163, 1508970993, -1841331548, -1424204075, -670586216, 310598401, 607225278, 1426881987,
-               1925078388, -2132889090, -1680079193, -1046744716, -459576895, -272742522,
-               264347078, 604807628, 770255983, 1249150122, 1555081692, 1996064986, -1740746414, -1473132947, -1341970488, -1084653625, -958395405, -710438585,
-               113926993, 338241895, 666307205, 773529912, 1294757372, 1396182291,
-               1695183700, 1986661051, -2117940946, -1838011259, -1564481375, -1474664885, -1035236496, -949202525, -778901479, -694614492, -200395387, 275423344,
-               430227734, 506948616, 659060556, 883997877, 958139571, 1322822218,
-               1537002063, 1747873779, 1955562222, 2024104815, -2067236844, -1933114872, -1866530822, -1538233109, -1090935817, -965641998
-             ];
 
-             function binb(m, l) {
-               var HASH = [1779033703, -1150833019, 1013904242, -1521486534,
-                 1359893119, -1694144372, 528734635, 1541459225
-               ];
-               var W = new Array(64);
-               var a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h;
-               var i, j, T1, T2;
-
-               /* append padding */
-               m[l >> 5] |= 0x80 << (24 - l % 32);
-               m[((l + 64 >> 9) << 4) + 15] = l;
-
-               for (i = 0; i < m.length; i += 16) {
-                 a = HASH[0];
-                 b = HASH[1];
-                 c = HASH[2];
-                 d = HASH[3];
-                 e = HASH[4];
-                 f = HASH[5];
-                 g = HASH[6];
-                 h = HASH[7];
-
-                 for (j = 0; j < 64; j += 1) {
-                   if (j < 16) {
-                     W[j] = m[j + i];
-                   } else {
-                     W[j] = safe_add(safe_add(safe_add(sha256_Gamma1256(W[j - 2]), W[j - 7]),
-                       sha256_Gamma0256(W[j - 15])), W[j - 16]);
-                   }
+             function createBaseFor(fromRight) {
+               return function (object, iteratee, keysFunc) {
+                 var index = -1,
+                     iterable = Object(object),
+                     props = keysFunc(object),
+                     length = props.length;
 
-                   T1 = safe_add(safe_add(safe_add(safe_add(h, sha256_Sigma1256(e)), sha256_Ch(e, f, g)),
-                     sha256_K[j]), W[j]);
-                   T2 = safe_add(sha256_Sigma0256(a), sha256_Maj(a, b, c));
-                   h = g;
-                   g = f;
-                   f = e;
-                   e = safe_add(d, T1);
-                   d = c;
-                   c = b;
-                   b = a;
-                   a = safe_add(T1, T2);
+                 while (length--) {
+                   var key = props[fromRight ? length : ++index];
+
+                   if (iteratee(iterable[key], key, iterable) === false) {
+                     break;
+                   }
                  }
 
-                 HASH[0] = safe_add(a, HASH[0]);
-                 HASH[1] = safe_add(b, HASH[1]);
-                 HASH[2] = safe_add(c, HASH[2]);
-                 HASH[3] = safe_add(d, HASH[3]);
-                 HASH[4] = safe_add(e, HASH[4]);
-                 HASH[5] = safe_add(f, HASH[5]);
-                 HASH[6] = safe_add(g, HASH[6]);
-                 HASH[7] = safe_add(h, HASH[7]);
-               }
-               return HASH;
+                 return object;
+               };
              }
-
-           },
-
-           /**
-            * @class Hashes.SHA512
-            * @param {config}
-            *
-            * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-512, as defined in FIPS 180-2
-            * Version 2.2 Copyright Anonymous Contributor, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
-            * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
-            * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
-            */
-           SHA512: function(options) {
              /**
-              * Private properties configuration variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
-              * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
-              * @see this.setUpperCase() method
-              * @see this.setPad() method
+              * Creates a function that wraps `func` to invoke it with the optional `this`
+              * binding of `thisArg`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to wrap.
+              * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `createWrap` for more details.
+              * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
               */
-             var hexcase = (options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean') ? options.uppercase : false,
-               /* hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase  */
-               b64pad = (options && typeof options.pad === 'string') ? options.pad : '=',
-               /* base-64 pad character. Default '=' for strict RFC compliance   */
-               utf8 = (options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean') ? options.utf8 : true,
-               /* enable/disable utf8 encoding */
-               sha512_k;
 
-             /* privileged (public) methods */
-             this.hex = function(s) {
-               return rstr2hex(rstr(s));
-             };
-             this.b64 = function(s) {
-               return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
-             };
-             this.any = function(s, e) {
-               return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
-             };
-             this.raw = function(s) {
-               return rstr(s);
-             };
-             this.hex_hmac = function(k, d) {
-               return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
-             };
-             this.b64_hmac = function(k, d) {
-               return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
-             };
-             this.any_hmac = function(k, d, e) {
-               return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
-             };
-             /**
-              * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
-              * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
-              * @public
-              */
-             this.vm_test = function() {
-               return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
-             };
-             /**
-              * @description Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
-              * @param {boolean}
-              * @return {Object} this
-              * @public
-              */
-             this.setUpperCase = function(a) {
-               if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                 hexcase = a;
+
+             function createBind(func, bitmask, thisArg) {
+               var isBind = bitmask & WRAP_BIND_FLAG,
+                   Ctor = createCtor(func);
+
+               function wrapper() {
+                 var fn = this && this !== root && this instanceof wrapper ? Ctor : func;
+                 return fn.apply(isBind ? thisArg : this, arguments);
                }
-               return this;
-             };
+
+               return wrapper;
+             }
              /**
-              * @description Defines a base64 pad string
-              * @param {string} Pad
-              * @return {Object} this
-              * @public
+              * Creates a function like `_.lowerFirst`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {string} methodName The name of the `String` case method to use.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new case function.
               */
-             this.setPad = function(a) {
-               b64pad = a || b64pad;
-               return this;
-             };
+
+
+             function createCaseFirst(methodName) {
+               return function (string) {
+                 string = toString(string);
+                 var strSymbols = hasUnicode(string) ? stringToArray(string) : undefined$1;
+                 var chr = strSymbols ? strSymbols[0] : string.charAt(0);
+                 var trailing = strSymbols ? castSlice(strSymbols, 1).join('') : string.slice(1);
+                 return chr[methodName]() + trailing;
+               };
+             }
              /**
-              * @description Defines a base64 pad string
-              * @param {boolean}
-              * @return {Object} this
-              * @public
+              * Creates a function like `_.camelCase`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} callback The function to combine each word.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new compounder function.
               */
-             this.setUTF8 = function(a) {
-               if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                 utf8 = a;
-               }
-               return this;
-             };
 
-             /* private methods */
 
+             function createCompounder(callback) {
+               return function (string) {
+                 return arrayReduce(words(deburr(string).replace(reApos, '')), callback, '');
+               };
+             }
              /**
-              * Calculate the SHA-512 of a raw string
+              * Creates a function that produces an instance of `Ctor` regardless of
+              * whether it was invoked as part of a `new` expression or by `call` or `apply`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} Ctor The constructor to wrap.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
               */
 
-             function rstr(s) {
-               s = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
-               return binb2rstr(binb(rstr2binb(s), s.length * 8));
+
+             function createCtor(Ctor) {
+               return function () {
+                 // Use a `switch` statement to work with class constructors. See
+                 // http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-ecmascript-function-objects-call-thisargument-argumentslist
+                 // for more details.
+                 var args = arguments;
+
+                 switch (args.length) {
+                   case 0:
+                     return new Ctor();
+
+                   case 1:
+                     return new Ctor(args[0]);
+
+                   case 2:
+                     return new Ctor(args[0], args[1]);
+
+                   case 3:
+                     return new Ctor(args[0], args[1], args[2]);
+
+                   case 4:
+                     return new Ctor(args[0], args[1], args[2], args[3]);
+
+                   case 5:
+                     return new Ctor(args[0], args[1], args[2], args[3], args[4]);
+
+                   case 6:
+                     return new Ctor(args[0], args[1], args[2], args[3], args[4], args[5]);
+
+                   case 7:
+                     return new Ctor(args[0], args[1], args[2], args[3], args[4], args[5], args[6]);
+                 }
+
+                 var thisBinding = baseCreate(Ctor.prototype),
+                     result = Ctor.apply(thisBinding, args); // Mimic the constructor's `return` behavior.
+                 // See https://es5.github.io/#x13.2.2 for more details.
+
+                 return isObject(result) ? result : thisBinding;
+               };
              }
-             /*
-              * Calculate the HMAC-SHA-512 of a key and some data (raw strings)
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that wraps `func` to enable currying.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to wrap.
+              * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `createWrap` for more details.
+              * @param {number} arity The arity of `func`.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
               */
 
-             function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
-               key = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
-               data = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
 
-               var hash, i = 0,
-                 bkey = rstr2binb(key),
-                 ipad = Array(32),
-                 opad = Array(32);
+             function createCurry(func, bitmask, arity) {
+               var Ctor = createCtor(func);
 
-               if (bkey.length > 32) {
-                 bkey = binb(bkey, key.length * 8);
-               }
+               function wrapper() {
+                 var length = arguments.length,
+                     args = Array(length),
+                     index = length,
+                     placeholder = getHolder(wrapper);
+
+                 while (index--) {
+                   args[index] = arguments[index];
+                 }
 
-               for (; i < 32; i += 1) {
-                 ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
-                 opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
+                 var holders = length < 3 && args[0] !== placeholder && args[length - 1] !== placeholder ? [] : replaceHolders(args, placeholder);
+                 length -= holders.length;
+
+                 if (length < arity) {
+                   return createRecurry(func, bitmask, createHybrid, wrapper.placeholder, undefined$1, args, holders, undefined$1, undefined$1, arity - length);
+                 }
+
+                 var fn = this && this !== root && this instanceof wrapper ? Ctor : func;
+                 return apply(fn, this, args);
                }
 
-               hash = binb(ipad.concat(rstr2binb(data)), 1024 + data.length * 8);
-               return binb2rstr(binb(opad.concat(hash), 1024 + 512));
+               return wrapper;
              }
-
              /**
-              * Calculate the SHA-512 of an array of big-endian dwords, and a bit length
+              * Creates a `_.find` or `_.findLast` function.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} findIndexFunc The function to find the collection index.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new find function.
               */
 
-             function binb(x, len) {
-               var j, i, l,
-                 W = new Array(80),
-                 hash = new Array(16),
-                 //Initial hash values
-                 H = [
-                   new int64(0x6a09e667, -205731576),
-                   new int64(-1150833019, -2067093701),
-                   new int64(0x3c6ef372, -23791573),
-                   new int64(-1521486534, 0x5f1d36f1),
-                   new int64(0x510e527f, -1377402159),
-                   new int64(-1694144372, 0x2b3e6c1f),
-                   new int64(0x1f83d9ab, -79577749),
-                   new int64(0x5be0cd19, 0x137e2179)
-                 ],
-                 T1 = new int64(0, 0),
-                 T2 = new int64(0, 0),
-                 a = new int64(0, 0),
-                 b = new int64(0, 0),
-                 c = new int64(0, 0),
-                 d = new int64(0, 0),
-                 e = new int64(0, 0),
-                 f = new int64(0, 0),
-                 g = new int64(0, 0),
-                 h = new int64(0, 0),
-                 //Temporary variables not specified by the document
-                 s0 = new int64(0, 0),
-                 s1 = new int64(0, 0),
-                 Ch = new int64(0, 0),
-                 Maj = new int64(0, 0),
-                 r1 = new int64(0, 0),
-                 r2 = new int64(0, 0),
-                 r3 = new int64(0, 0);
-
-               if (sha512_k === undefined) {
-                 //SHA512 constants
-                 sha512_k = [
-                   new int64(0x428a2f98, -685199838), new int64(0x71374491, 0x23ef65cd),
-                   new int64(-1245643825, -330482897), new int64(-373957723, -2121671748),
-                   new int64(0x3956c25b, -213338824), new int64(0x59f111f1, -1241133031),
-                   new int64(-1841331548, -1357295717), new int64(-1424204075, -630357736),
-                   new int64(-670586216, -1560083902), new int64(0x12835b01, 0x45706fbe),
-                   new int64(0x243185be, 0x4ee4b28c), new int64(0x550c7dc3, -704662302),
-                   new int64(0x72be5d74, -226784913), new int64(-2132889090, 0x3b1696b1),
-                   new int64(-1680079193, 0x25c71235), new int64(-1046744716, -815192428),
-                   new int64(-459576895, -1628353838), new int64(-272742522, 0x384f25e3),
-                   new int64(0xfc19dc6, -1953704523), new int64(0x240ca1cc, 0x77ac9c65),
-                   new int64(0x2de92c6f, 0x592b0275), new int64(0x4a7484aa, 0x6ea6e483),
-                   new int64(0x5cb0a9dc, -1119749164), new int64(0x76f988da, -2096016459),
-                   new int64(-1740746414, -295247957), new int64(-1473132947, 0x2db43210),
-                   new int64(-1341970488, -1728372417), new int64(-1084653625, -1091629340),
-                   new int64(-958395405, 0x3da88fc2), new int64(-710438585, -1828018395),
-                   new int64(0x6ca6351, -536640913), new int64(0x14292967, 0xa0e6e70),
-                   new int64(0x27b70a85, 0x46d22ffc), new int64(0x2e1b2138, 0x5c26c926),
-                   new int64(0x4d2c6dfc, 0x5ac42aed), new int64(0x53380d13, -1651133473),
-                   new int64(0x650a7354, -1951439906), new int64(0x766a0abb, 0x3c77b2a8),
-                   new int64(-2117940946, 0x47edaee6), new int64(-1838011259, 0x1482353b),
-                   new int64(-1564481375, 0x4cf10364), new int64(-1474664885, -1136513023),
-                   new int64(-1035236496, -789014639), new int64(-949202525, 0x654be30),
-                   new int64(-778901479, -688958952), new int64(-694614492, 0x5565a910),
-                   new int64(-200395387, 0x5771202a), new int64(0x106aa070, 0x32bbd1b8),
-                   new int64(0x19a4c116, -1194143544), new int64(0x1e376c08, 0x5141ab53),
-                   new int64(0x2748774c, -544281703), new int64(0x34b0bcb5, -509917016),
-                   new int64(0x391c0cb3, -976659869), new int64(0x4ed8aa4a, -482243893),
-                   new int64(0x5b9cca4f, 0x7763e373), new int64(0x682e6ff3, -692930397),
-                   new int64(0x748f82ee, 0x5defb2fc), new int64(0x78a5636f, 0x43172f60),
-                   new int64(-2067236844, -1578062990), new int64(-1933114872, 0x1a6439ec),
-                   new int64(-1866530822, 0x23631e28), new int64(-1538233109, -561857047),
-                   new int64(-1090935817, -1295615723), new int64(-965641998, -479046869),
-                   new int64(-903397682, -366583396), new int64(-779700025, 0x21c0c207),
-                   new int64(-354779690, -840897762), new int64(-176337025, -294727304),
-                   new int64(0x6f067aa, 0x72176fba), new int64(0xa637dc5, -1563912026),
-                   new int64(0x113f9804, -1090974290), new int64(0x1b710b35, 0x131c471b),
-                   new int64(0x28db77f5, 0x23047d84), new int64(0x32caab7b, 0x40c72493),
-                   new int64(0x3c9ebe0a, 0x15c9bebc), new int64(0x431d67c4, -1676669620),
-                   new int64(0x4cc5d4be, -885112138), new int64(0x597f299c, -60457430),
-                   new int64(0x5fcb6fab, 0x3ad6faec), new int64(0x6c44198c, 0x4a475817)
-                 ];
-               }
-
-               for (i = 0; i < 80; i += 1) {
-                 W[i] = new int64(0, 0);
-               }
-
-               // append padding to the source string. The format is described in the FIPS.
-               x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << (24 - (len & 0x1f));
-               x[((len + 128 >> 10) << 5) + 31] = len;
-               l = x.length;
-               for (i = 0; i < l; i += 32) { //32 dwords is the block size
-                 int64copy(a, H[0]);
-                 int64copy(b, H[1]);
-                 int64copy(c, H[2]);
-                 int64copy(d, H[3]);
-                 int64copy(e, H[4]);
-                 int64copy(f, H[5]);
-                 int64copy(g, H[6]);
-                 int64copy(h, H[7]);
-
-                 for (j = 0; j < 16; j += 1) {
-                   W[j].h = x[i + 2 * j];
-                   W[j].l = x[i + 2 * j + 1];
-                 }
-
-                 for (j = 16; j < 80; j += 1) {
-                   //sigma1
-                   int64rrot(r1, W[j - 2], 19);
-                   int64revrrot(r2, W[j - 2], 29);
-                   int64shr(r3, W[j - 2], 6);
-                   s1.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
-                   s1.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h;
-                   //sigma0
-                   int64rrot(r1, W[j - 15], 1);
-                   int64rrot(r2, W[j - 15], 8);
-                   int64shr(r3, W[j - 15], 7);
-                   s0.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
-                   s0.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h;
-
-                   int64add4(W[j], s1, W[j - 7], s0, W[j - 16]);
-                 }
-
-                 for (j = 0; j < 80; j += 1) {
-                   //Ch
-                   Ch.l = (e.l & f.l) ^ (~e.l & g.l);
-                   Ch.h = (e.h & f.h) ^ (~e.h & g.h);
-
-                   //Sigma1
-                   int64rrot(r1, e, 14);
-                   int64rrot(r2, e, 18);
-                   int64revrrot(r3, e, 9);
-                   s1.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
-                   s1.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h;
-
-                   //Sigma0
-                   int64rrot(r1, a, 28);
-                   int64revrrot(r2, a, 2);
-                   int64revrrot(r3, a, 7);
-                   s0.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
-                   s0.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h;
-
-                   //Maj
-                   Maj.l = (a.l & b.l) ^ (a.l & c.l) ^ (b.l & c.l);
-                   Maj.h = (a.h & b.h) ^ (a.h & c.h) ^ (b.h & c.h);
-
-                   int64add5(T1, h, s1, Ch, sha512_k[j], W[j]);
-                   int64add(T2, s0, Maj);
-
-                   int64copy(h, g);
-                   int64copy(g, f);
-                   int64copy(f, e);
-                   int64add(e, d, T1);
-                   int64copy(d, c);
-                   int64copy(c, b);
-                   int64copy(b, a);
-                   int64add(a, T1, T2);
-                 }
-                 int64add(H[0], H[0], a);
-                 int64add(H[1], H[1], b);
-                 int64add(H[2], H[2], c);
-                 int64add(H[3], H[3], d);
-                 int64add(H[4], H[4], e);
-                 int64add(H[5], H[5], f);
-                 int64add(H[6], H[6], g);
-                 int64add(H[7], H[7], h);
-               }
-
-               //represent the hash as an array of 32-bit dwords
-               for (i = 0; i < 8; i += 1) {
-                 hash[2 * i] = H[i].h;
-                 hash[2 * i + 1] = H[i].l;
-               }
-               return hash;
-             }
 
-             //A constructor for 64-bit numbers
+             function createFind(findIndexFunc) {
+               return function (collection, predicate, fromIndex) {
+                 var iterable = Object(collection);
 
-             function int64(h, l) {
-               this.h = h;
-               this.l = l;
-               //this.toString = int64toString;
-             }
+                 if (!isArrayLike(collection)) {
+                   var iteratee = getIteratee(predicate, 3);
+                   collection = keys(collection);
 
-             //Copies src into dst, assuming both are 64-bit numbers
+                   predicate = function predicate(key) {
+                     return iteratee(iterable[key], key, iterable);
+                   };
+                 }
 
-             function int64copy(dst, src) {
-               dst.h = src.h;
-               dst.l = src.l;
+                 var index = findIndexFunc(collection, predicate, fromIndex);
+                 return index > -1 ? iterable[iteratee ? collection[index] : index] : undefined$1;
+               };
              }
+             /**
+              * Creates a `_.flow` or `_.flowRight` function.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify iterating from right to left.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new flow function.
+              */
 
-             //Right-rotates a 64-bit number by shift
-             //Won't handle cases of shift>=32
-             //The function revrrot() is for that
 
-             function int64rrot(dst, x, shift) {
-               dst.l = (x.l >>> shift) | (x.h << (32 - shift));
-               dst.h = (x.h >>> shift) | (x.l << (32 - shift));
-             }
+             function createFlow(fromRight) {
+               return flatRest(function (funcs) {
+                 var length = funcs.length,
+                     index = length,
+                     prereq = LodashWrapper.prototype.thru;
 
-             //Reverses the dwords of the source and then rotates right by shift.
-             //This is equivalent to rotation by 32+shift
+                 if (fromRight) {
+                   funcs.reverse();
+                 }
 
-             function int64revrrot(dst, x, shift) {
-               dst.l = (x.h >>> shift) | (x.l << (32 - shift));
-               dst.h = (x.l >>> shift) | (x.h << (32 - shift));
-             }
+                 while (index--) {
+                   var func = funcs[index];
 
-             //Bitwise-shifts right a 64-bit number by shift
-             //Won't handle shift>=32, but it's never needed in SHA512
+                   if (typeof func != 'function') {
+                     throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
+                   }
 
-             function int64shr(dst, x, shift) {
-               dst.l = (x.l >>> shift) | (x.h << (32 - shift));
-               dst.h = (x.h >>> shift);
-             }
+                   if (prereq && !wrapper && getFuncName(func) == 'wrapper') {
+                     var wrapper = new LodashWrapper([], true);
+                   }
+                 }
+
+                 index = wrapper ? index : length;
+
+                 while (++index < length) {
+                   func = funcs[index];
+                   var funcName = getFuncName(func),
+                       data = funcName == 'wrapper' ? getData(func) : undefined$1;
+
+                   if (data && isLaziable(data[0]) && data[1] == (WRAP_ARY_FLAG | WRAP_CURRY_FLAG | WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG | WRAP_REARG_FLAG) && !data[4].length && data[9] == 1) {
+                     wrapper = wrapper[getFuncName(data[0])].apply(wrapper, data[3]);
+                   } else {
+                     wrapper = func.length == 1 && isLaziable(func) ? wrapper[funcName]() : wrapper.thru(func);
+                   }
+                 }
+
+                 return function () {
+                   var args = arguments,
+                       value = args[0];
+
+                   if (wrapper && args.length == 1 && isArray(value)) {
+                     return wrapper.plant(value).value();
+                   }
+
+                   var index = 0,
+                       result = length ? funcs[index].apply(this, args) : value;
 
-             //Adds two 64-bit numbers
-             //Like the original implementation, does not rely on 32-bit operations
+                   while (++index < length) {
+                     result = funcs[index].call(this, result);
+                   }
 
-             function int64add(dst, x, y) {
-               var w0 = (x.l & 0xffff) + (y.l & 0xffff);
-               var w1 = (x.l >>> 16) + (y.l >>> 16) + (w0 >>> 16);
-               var w2 = (x.h & 0xffff) + (y.h & 0xffff) + (w1 >>> 16);
-               var w3 = (x.h >>> 16) + (y.h >>> 16) + (w2 >>> 16);
-               dst.l = (w0 & 0xffff) | (w1 << 16);
-               dst.h = (w2 & 0xffff) | (w3 << 16);
+                   return result;
+                 };
+               });
              }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that wraps `func` to invoke it with optional `this`
+              * binding of `thisArg`, partial application, and currying.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function|string} func The function or method name to wrap.
+              * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `createWrap` for more details.
+              * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
+              * @param {Array} [partials] The arguments to prepend to those provided to
+              *  the new function.
+              * @param {Array} [holders] The `partials` placeholder indexes.
+              * @param {Array} [partialsRight] The arguments to append to those provided
+              *  to the new function.
+              * @param {Array} [holdersRight] The `partialsRight` placeholder indexes.
+              * @param {Array} [argPos] The argument positions of the new function.
+              * @param {number} [ary] The arity cap of `func`.
+              * @param {number} [arity] The arity of `func`.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
+              */
+
+
+             function createHybrid(func, bitmask, thisArg, partials, holders, partialsRight, holdersRight, argPos, ary, arity) {
+               var isAry = bitmask & WRAP_ARY_FLAG,
+                   isBind = bitmask & WRAP_BIND_FLAG,
+                   isBindKey = bitmask & WRAP_BIND_KEY_FLAG,
+                   isCurried = bitmask & (WRAP_CURRY_FLAG | WRAP_CURRY_RIGHT_FLAG),
+                   isFlip = bitmask & WRAP_FLIP_FLAG,
+                   Ctor = isBindKey ? undefined$1 : createCtor(func);
+
+               function wrapper() {
+                 var length = arguments.length,
+                     args = Array(length),
+                     index = length;
+
+                 while (index--) {
+                   args[index] = arguments[index];
+                 }
+
+                 if (isCurried) {
+                   var placeholder = getHolder(wrapper),
+                       holdersCount = countHolders(args, placeholder);
+                 }
+
+                 if (partials) {
+                   args = composeArgs(args, partials, holders, isCurried);
+                 }
+
+                 if (partialsRight) {
+                   args = composeArgsRight(args, partialsRight, holdersRight, isCurried);
+                 }
+
+                 length -= holdersCount;
+
+                 if (isCurried && length < arity) {
+                   var newHolders = replaceHolders(args, placeholder);
+                   return createRecurry(func, bitmask, createHybrid, wrapper.placeholder, thisArg, args, newHolders, argPos, ary, arity - length);
+                 }
+
+                 var thisBinding = isBind ? thisArg : this,
+                     fn = isBindKey ? thisBinding[func] : func;
+                 length = args.length;
+
+                 if (argPos) {
+                   args = reorder(args, argPos);
+                 } else if (isFlip && length > 1) {
+                   args.reverse();
+                 }
+
+                 if (isAry && ary < length) {
+                   args.length = ary;
+                 }
+
+                 if (this && this !== root && this instanceof wrapper) {
+                   fn = Ctor || createCtor(fn);
+                 }
 
-             //Same, except with 4 addends. Works faster than adding them one by one.
+                 return fn.apply(thisBinding, args);
+               }
 
-             function int64add4(dst, a, b, c, d) {
-               var w0 = (a.l & 0xffff) + (b.l & 0xffff) + (c.l & 0xffff) + (d.l & 0xffff);
-               var w1 = (a.l >>> 16) + (b.l >>> 16) + (c.l >>> 16) + (d.l >>> 16) + (w0 >>> 16);
-               var w2 = (a.h & 0xffff) + (b.h & 0xffff) + (c.h & 0xffff) + (d.h & 0xffff) + (w1 >>> 16);
-               var w3 = (a.h >>> 16) + (b.h >>> 16) + (c.h >>> 16) + (d.h >>> 16) + (w2 >>> 16);
-               dst.l = (w0 & 0xffff) | (w1 << 16);
-               dst.h = (w2 & 0xffff) | (w3 << 16);
+               return wrapper;
              }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function like `_.invertBy`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} setter The function to set accumulator values.
+              * @param {Function} toIteratee The function to resolve iteratees.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new inverter function.
+              */
 
-             //Same, except with 5 addends
 
-             function int64add5(dst, a, b, c, d, e) {
-               var w0 = (a.l & 0xffff) + (b.l & 0xffff) + (c.l & 0xffff) + (d.l & 0xffff) + (e.l & 0xffff),
-                 w1 = (a.l >>> 16) + (b.l >>> 16) + (c.l >>> 16) + (d.l >>> 16) + (e.l >>> 16) + (w0 >>> 16),
-                 w2 = (a.h & 0xffff) + (b.h & 0xffff) + (c.h & 0xffff) + (d.h & 0xffff) + (e.h & 0xffff) + (w1 >>> 16),
-                 w3 = (a.h >>> 16) + (b.h >>> 16) + (c.h >>> 16) + (d.h >>> 16) + (e.h >>> 16) + (w2 >>> 16);
-               dst.l = (w0 & 0xffff) | (w1 << 16);
-               dst.h = (w2 & 0xffff) | (w3 << 16);
+             function createInverter(setter, toIteratee) {
+               return function (object, iteratee) {
+                 return baseInverter(object, setter, toIteratee(iteratee), {});
+               };
              }
-           },
-           /**
-            * @class Hashes.RMD160
-            * @constructor
-            * @param {Object} [config]
-            *
-            * A JavaScript implementation of the RIPEMD-160 Algorithm
-            * Version 2.2 Copyright Jeremy Lin, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
-            * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
-            * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
-            * Also http://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~jjlin/jsotp/
-            */
-           RMD160: function(options) {
              /**
-              * Private properties configuration variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
-              * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
-              * @see this.setUpperCase() method
-              * @see this.setPad() method
+              * Creates a function that performs a mathematical operation on two values.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} operator The function to perform the operation.
+              * @param {number} [defaultValue] The value used for `undefined` arguments.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new mathematical operation function.
               */
-             var hexcase = (options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean') ? options.uppercase : false,
-               /* hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase  */
-               b64pad = (options && typeof options.pad === 'string') ? options.pa : '=',
-               /* base-64 pad character. Default '=' for strict RFC compliance   */
-               utf8 = (options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean') ? options.utf8 : true,
-               /* enable/disable utf8 encoding */
-               rmd160_r1 = [
-                 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
-                 7, 4, 13, 1, 10, 6, 15, 3, 12, 0, 9, 5, 2, 14, 11, 8,
-                 3, 10, 14, 4, 9, 15, 8, 1, 2, 7, 0, 6, 13, 11, 5, 12,
-                 1, 9, 11, 10, 0, 8, 12, 4, 13, 3, 7, 15, 14, 5, 6, 2,
-                 4, 0, 5, 9, 7, 12, 2, 10, 14, 1, 3, 8, 11, 6, 15, 13
-               ],
-               rmd160_r2 = [
-                 5, 14, 7, 0, 9, 2, 11, 4, 13, 6, 15, 8, 1, 10, 3, 12,
-                 6, 11, 3, 7, 0, 13, 5, 10, 14, 15, 8, 12, 4, 9, 1, 2,
-                 15, 5, 1, 3, 7, 14, 6, 9, 11, 8, 12, 2, 10, 0, 4, 13,
-                 8, 6, 4, 1, 3, 11, 15, 0, 5, 12, 2, 13, 9, 7, 10, 14,
-                 12, 15, 10, 4, 1, 5, 8, 7, 6, 2, 13, 14, 0, 3, 9, 11
-               ],
-               rmd160_s1 = [
-                 11, 14, 15, 12, 5, 8, 7, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 6, 7, 9, 8,
-                 7, 6, 8, 13, 11, 9, 7, 15, 7, 12, 15, 9, 11, 7, 13, 12,
-                 11, 13, 6, 7, 14, 9, 13, 15, 14, 8, 13, 6, 5, 12, 7, 5,
-                 11, 12, 14, 15, 14, 15, 9, 8, 9, 14, 5, 6, 8, 6, 5, 12,
-                 9, 15, 5, 11, 6, 8, 13, 12, 5, 12, 13, 14, 11, 8, 5, 6
-               ],
-               rmd160_s2 = [
-                 8, 9, 9, 11, 13, 15, 15, 5, 7, 7, 8, 11, 14, 14, 12, 6,
-                 9, 13, 15, 7, 12, 8, 9, 11, 7, 7, 12, 7, 6, 15, 13, 11,
-                 9, 7, 15, 11, 8, 6, 6, 14, 12, 13, 5, 14, 13, 13, 7, 5,
-                 15, 5, 8, 11, 14, 14, 6, 14, 6, 9, 12, 9, 12, 5, 15, 8,
-                 8, 5, 12, 9, 12, 5, 14, 6, 8, 13, 6, 5, 15, 13, 11, 11
-               ];
 
-             /* privileged (public) methods */
-             this.hex = function(s) {
-               return rstr2hex(rstr(s));
-             };
-             this.b64 = function(s) {
-               return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
-             };
-             this.any = function(s, e) {
-               return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
-             };
-             this.raw = function(s) {
-               return rstr(s);
-             };
-             this.hex_hmac = function(k, d) {
-               return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
-             };
-             this.b64_hmac = function(k, d) {
-               return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
-             };
-             this.any_hmac = function(k, d, e) {
-               return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
-             };
+
+             function createMathOperation(operator, defaultValue) {
+               return function (value, other) {
+                 var result;
+
+                 if (value === undefined$1 && other === undefined$1) {
+                   return defaultValue;
+                 }
+
+                 if (value !== undefined$1) {
+                   result = value;
+                 }
+
+                 if (other !== undefined$1) {
+                   if (result === undefined$1) {
+                     return other;
+                   }
+
+                   if (typeof value == 'string' || typeof other == 'string') {
+                     value = baseToString(value);
+                     other = baseToString(other);
+                   } else {
+                     value = baseToNumber(value);
+                     other = baseToNumber(other);
+                   }
+
+                   result = operator(value, other);
+                 }
+
+                 return result;
+               };
+             }
              /**
-              * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
-              * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
-              * @public
+              * Creates a function like `_.over`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} arrayFunc The function to iterate over iteratees.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new over function.
               */
-             this.vm_test = function() {
-               return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
-             };
+
+
+             function createOver(arrayFunc) {
+               return flatRest(function (iteratees) {
+                 iteratees = arrayMap(iteratees, baseUnary(getIteratee()));
+                 return baseRest(function (args) {
+                   var thisArg = this;
+                   return arrayFunc(iteratees, function (iteratee) {
+                     return apply(iteratee, thisArg, args);
+                   });
+                 });
+               });
+             }
              /**
-              * @description Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
-              * @param {boolean}
-              * @return {Object} this
-              * @public
+              * Creates the padding for `string` based on `length`. The `chars` string
+              * is truncated if the number of characters exceeds `length`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {number} length The padding length.
+              * @param {string} [chars=' '] The string used as padding.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the padding for `string`.
               */
-             this.setUpperCase = function(a) {
-               if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                 hexcase = a;
+
+
+             function createPadding(length, chars) {
+               chars = chars === undefined$1 ? ' ' : baseToString(chars);
+               var charsLength = chars.length;
+
+               if (charsLength < 2) {
+                 return charsLength ? baseRepeat(chars, length) : chars;
                }
-               return this;
-             };
+
+               var result = baseRepeat(chars, nativeCeil(length / stringSize(chars)));
+               return hasUnicode(chars) ? castSlice(stringToArray(result), 0, length).join('') : result.slice(0, length);
+             }
              /**
-              * @description Defines a base64 pad string
-              * @param {string} Pad
-              * @return {Object} this
-              * @public
+              * Creates a function that wraps `func` to invoke it with the `this` binding
+              * of `thisArg` and `partials` prepended to the arguments it receives.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to wrap.
+              * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `createWrap` for more details.
+              * @param {*} thisArg The `this` binding of `func`.
+              * @param {Array} partials The arguments to prepend to those provided to
+              *  the new function.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
               */
-             this.setPad = function(a) {
-               if (typeof a !== 'undefined') {
-                 b64pad = a;
+
+
+             function createPartial(func, bitmask, thisArg, partials) {
+               var isBind = bitmask & WRAP_BIND_FLAG,
+                   Ctor = createCtor(func);
+
+               function wrapper() {
+                 var argsIndex = -1,
+                     argsLength = arguments.length,
+                     leftIndex = -1,
+                     leftLength = partials.length,
+                     args = Array(leftLength + argsLength),
+                     fn = this && this !== root && this instanceof wrapper ? Ctor : func;
+
+                 while (++leftIndex < leftLength) {
+                   args[leftIndex] = partials[leftIndex];
+                 }
+
+                 while (argsLength--) {
+                   args[leftIndex++] = arguments[++argsIndex];
+                 }
+
+                 return apply(fn, isBind ? thisArg : this, args);
                }
-               return this;
-             };
+
+               return wrapper;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a `_.range` or `_.rangeRight` function.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify iterating from right to left.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new range function.
+              */
+
+
+             function createRange(fromRight) {
+               return function (start, end, step) {
+                 if (step && typeof step != 'number' && isIterateeCall(start, end, step)) {
+                   end = step = undefined$1;
+                 } // Ensure the sign of `-0` is preserved.
+
+
+                 start = toFinite(start);
+
+                 if (end === undefined$1) {
+                   end = start;
+                   start = 0;
+                 } else {
+                   end = toFinite(end);
+                 }
+
+                 step = step === undefined$1 ? start < end ? 1 : -1 : toFinite(step);
+                 return baseRange(start, end, step, fromRight);
+               };
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that performs a relational operation on two values.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} operator The function to perform the operation.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new relational operation function.
+              */
+
+
+             function createRelationalOperation(operator) {
+               return function (value, other) {
+                 if (!(typeof value == 'string' && typeof other == 'string')) {
+                   value = toNumber(value);
+                   other = toNumber(other);
+                 }
+
+                 return operator(value, other);
+               };
+             }
              /**
-              * @description Defines a base64 pad string
-              * @param {boolean}
-              * @return {Object} this
-              * @public
+              * Creates a function that wraps `func` to continue currying.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to wrap.
+              * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `createWrap` for more details.
+              * @param {Function} wrapFunc The function to create the `func` wrapper.
+              * @param {*} placeholder The placeholder value.
+              * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
+              * @param {Array} [partials] The arguments to prepend to those provided to
+              *  the new function.
+              * @param {Array} [holders] The `partials` placeholder indexes.
+              * @param {Array} [argPos] The argument positions of the new function.
+              * @param {number} [ary] The arity cap of `func`.
+              * @param {number} [arity] The arity of `func`.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
               */
-             this.setUTF8 = function(a) {
-               if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
-                 utf8 = a;
+
+
+             function createRecurry(func, bitmask, wrapFunc, placeholder, thisArg, partials, holders, argPos, ary, arity) {
+               var isCurry = bitmask & WRAP_CURRY_FLAG,
+                   newHolders = isCurry ? holders : undefined$1,
+                   newHoldersRight = isCurry ? undefined$1 : holders,
+                   newPartials = isCurry ? partials : undefined$1,
+                   newPartialsRight = isCurry ? undefined$1 : partials;
+               bitmask |= isCurry ? WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG : WRAP_PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG;
+               bitmask &= ~(isCurry ? WRAP_PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG : WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG);
+
+               if (!(bitmask & WRAP_CURRY_BOUND_FLAG)) {
+                 bitmask &= ~(WRAP_BIND_FLAG | WRAP_BIND_KEY_FLAG);
                }
-               return this;
-             };
 
-             /* private methods */
+               var newData = [func, bitmask, thisArg, newPartials, newHolders, newPartialsRight, newHoldersRight, argPos, ary, arity];
+               var result = wrapFunc.apply(undefined$1, newData);
+
+               if (isLaziable(func)) {
+                 setData(result, newData);
+               }
 
+               result.placeholder = placeholder;
+               return setWrapToString(result, func, bitmask);
+             }
              /**
-              * Calculate the rmd160 of a raw string
+              * Creates a function like `_.round`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {string} methodName The name of the `Math` method to use when rounding.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new round function.
               */
 
-             function rstr(s) {
-               s = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
-               return binl2rstr(binl(rstr2binl(s), s.length * 8));
+
+             function createRound(methodName) {
+               var func = Math[methodName];
+               return function (number, precision) {
+                 number = toNumber(number);
+                 precision = precision == null ? 0 : nativeMin(toInteger(precision), 292);
+
+                 if (precision && nativeIsFinite(number)) {
+                   // Shift with exponential notation to avoid floating-point issues.
+                   // See [MDN](https://mdn.io/round#Examples) for more details.
+                   var pair = (toString(number) + 'e').split('e'),
+                       value = func(pair[0] + 'e' + (+pair[1] + precision));
+                   pair = (toString(value) + 'e').split('e');
+                   return +(pair[0] + 'e' + (+pair[1] - precision));
+                 }
+
+                 return func(number);
+               };
              }
+             /**
+              * Creates a set object of `values`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} values The values to add to the set.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new set.
+              */
 
+
+             var createSet = !(Set && 1 / setToArray(new Set([, -0]))[1] == INFINITY) ? noop : function (values) {
+               return new Set(values);
+             };
              /**
-              * Calculate the HMAC-rmd160 of a key and some data (raw strings)
+              * Creates a `_.toPairs` or `_.toPairsIn` function.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} keysFunc The function to get the keys of a given object.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new pairs function.
               */
 
-             function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
-               key = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
-               data = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
-               var i, hash,
-                 bkey = rstr2binl(key),
-                 ipad = Array(16),
-                 opad = Array(16);
+             function createToPairs(keysFunc) {
+               return function (object) {
+                 var tag = getTag(object);
 
-               if (bkey.length > 16) {
-                 bkey = binl(bkey, key.length * 8);
-               }
+                 if (tag == mapTag) {
+                   return mapToArray(object);
+                 }
 
-               for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 1) {
-                 ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
-                 opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
-               }
-               hash = binl(ipad.concat(rstr2binl(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
-               return binl2rstr(binl(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 160));
-             }
+                 if (tag == setTag) {
+                   return setToPairs(object);
+                 }
 
+                 return baseToPairs(object, keysFunc(object));
+               };
+             }
              /**
-              * Convert an array of little-endian words to a string
+              * Creates a function that either curries or invokes `func` with optional
+              * `this` binding and partially applied arguments.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function|string} func The function or method name to wrap.
+              * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags.
+              *    1 - `_.bind`
+              *    2 - `_.bindKey`
+              *    4 - `_.curry` or `_.curryRight` of a bound function
+              *    8 - `_.curry`
+              *   16 - `_.curryRight`
+              *   32 - `_.partial`
+              *   64 - `_.partialRight`
+              *  128 - `_.rearg`
+              *  256 - `_.ary`
+              *  512 - `_.flip`
+              * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
+              * @param {Array} [partials] The arguments to be partially applied.
+              * @param {Array} [holders] The `partials` placeholder indexes.
+              * @param {Array} [argPos] The argument positions of the new function.
+              * @param {number} [ary] The arity cap of `func`.
+              * @param {number} [arity] The arity of `func`.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
               */
 
-             function binl2rstr(input) {
-               var i, output = '',
-                 l = input.length * 32;
-               for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
-                 output += String.fromCharCode((input[i >> 5] >>> (i % 32)) & 0xFF);
-               }
-               return output;
-             }
 
-             /**
-              * Calculate the RIPE-MD160 of an array of little-endian words, and a bit length.
-              */
-
-             function binl(x, len) {
-               var T, j, i, l,
-                 h0 = 0x67452301,
-                 h1 = 0xefcdab89,
-                 h2 = 0x98badcfe,
-                 h3 = 0x10325476,
-                 h4 = 0xc3d2e1f0,
-                 A1, B1, C1, D1, E1,
-                 A2, B2, C2, D2, E2;
-
-               /* append padding */
-               x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << (len % 32);
-               x[(((len + 64) >>> 9) << 4) + 14] = len;
-               l = x.length;
-
-               for (i = 0; i < l; i += 16) {
-                 A1 = A2 = h0;
-                 B1 = B2 = h1;
-                 C1 = C2 = h2;
-                 D1 = D2 = h3;
-                 E1 = E2 = h4;
-                 for (j = 0; j <= 79; j += 1) {
-                   T = safe_add(A1, rmd160_f(j, B1, C1, D1));
-                   T = safe_add(T, x[i + rmd160_r1[j]]);
-                   T = safe_add(T, rmd160_K1(j));
-                   T = safe_add(bit_rol(T, rmd160_s1[j]), E1);
-                   A1 = E1;
-                   E1 = D1;
-                   D1 = bit_rol(C1, 10);
-                   C1 = B1;
-                   B1 = T;
-                   T = safe_add(A2, rmd160_f(79 - j, B2, C2, D2));
-                   T = safe_add(T, x[i + rmd160_r2[j]]);
-                   T = safe_add(T, rmd160_K2(j));
-                   T = safe_add(bit_rol(T, rmd160_s2[j]), E2);
-                   A2 = E2;
-                   E2 = D2;
-                   D2 = bit_rol(C2, 10);
-                   C2 = B2;
-                   B2 = T;
-                 }
-
-                 T = safe_add(h1, safe_add(C1, D2));
-                 h1 = safe_add(h2, safe_add(D1, E2));
-                 h2 = safe_add(h3, safe_add(E1, A2));
-                 h3 = safe_add(h4, safe_add(A1, B2));
-                 h4 = safe_add(h0, safe_add(B1, C2));
-                 h0 = T;
-               }
-               return [h0, h1, h2, h3, h4];
-             }
-
-             // specific algorithm methods
-
-             function rmd160_f(j, x, y, z) {
-               return (0 <= j && j <= 15) ? (x ^ y ^ z) :
-                 (16 <= j && j <= 31) ? (x & y) | (~x & z) :
-                 (32 <= j && j <= 47) ? (x | ~y) ^ z :
-                 (48 <= j && j <= 63) ? (x & z) | (y & ~z) :
-                 (64 <= j && j <= 79) ? x ^ (y | ~z) :
-                 'rmd160_f: j out of range';
-             }
-
-             function rmd160_K1(j) {
-               return (0 <= j && j <= 15) ? 0x00000000 :
-                 (16 <= j && j <= 31) ? 0x5a827999 :
-                 (32 <= j && j <= 47) ? 0x6ed9eba1 :
-                 (48 <= j && j <= 63) ? 0x8f1bbcdc :
-                 (64 <= j && j <= 79) ? 0xa953fd4e :
-                 'rmd160_K1: j out of range';
-             }
-
-             function rmd160_K2(j) {
-               return (0 <= j && j <= 15) ? 0x50a28be6 :
-                 (16 <= j && j <= 31) ? 0x5c4dd124 :
-                 (32 <= j && j <= 47) ? 0x6d703ef3 :
-                 (48 <= j && j <= 63) ? 0x7a6d76e9 :
-                 (64 <= j && j <= 79) ? 0x00000000 :
-                 'rmd160_K2: j out of range';
-             }
-           }
-         };
-
-         // exposes Hashes
-         (function(window, undefined$1) {
-           var freeExports = false;
-           {
-             freeExports = exports;
-             if (exports && typeof commonjsGlobal === 'object' && commonjsGlobal && commonjsGlobal === commonjsGlobal.global) {
-               window = commonjsGlobal;
-             }
-           }
+             function createWrap(func, bitmask, thisArg, partials, holders, argPos, ary, arity) {
+               var isBindKey = bitmask & WRAP_BIND_KEY_FLAG;
 
-           if (typeof undefined$1 === 'function' && typeof undefined$1.amd === 'object' && undefined$1.amd) {
-             // define as an anonymous module, so, through path mapping, it can be aliased
-             undefined$1(function() {
-               return Hashes;
-             });
-           } else if (freeExports) {
-             // in Node.js or RingoJS v0.8.0+
-             if ( module && module.exports === freeExports) {
-               module.exports = Hashes;
-             }
-             // in Narwhal or RingoJS v0.7.0-
-             else {
-               freeExports.Hashes = Hashes;
-             }
-           } else {
-             // in a browser or Rhino
-             window.Hashes = Hashes;
-           }
-         }(this));
-       }()); // IIFE
-       });
+               if (!isBindKey && typeof func != 'function') {
+                 throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
+               }
 
-       var immutable = extend$2;
+               var length = partials ? partials.length : 0;
 
-       var hasOwnProperty$3 = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
+               if (!length) {
+                 bitmask &= ~(WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG | WRAP_PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG);
+                 partials = holders = undefined$1;
+               }
 
-       function extend$2() {
-           var target = {};
+               ary = ary === undefined$1 ? ary : nativeMax(toInteger(ary), 0);
+               arity = arity === undefined$1 ? arity : toInteger(arity);
+               length -= holders ? holders.length : 0;
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
-               var source = arguments[i];
+               if (bitmask & WRAP_PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG) {
+                 var partialsRight = partials,
+                     holdersRight = holders;
+                 partials = holders = undefined$1;
+               }
 
-               for (var key in source) {
-                   if (hasOwnProperty$3.call(source, key)) {
-                       target[key] = source[key];
-                   }
+               var data = isBindKey ? undefined$1 : getData(func);
+               var newData = [func, bitmask, thisArg, partials, holders, partialsRight, holdersRight, argPos, ary, arity];
+
+               if (data) {
+                 mergeData(newData, data);
                }
-           }
 
-           return target
-       }
+               func = newData[0];
+               bitmask = newData[1];
+               thisArg = newData[2];
+               partials = newData[3];
+               holders = newData[4];
+               arity = newData[9] = newData[9] === undefined$1 ? isBindKey ? 0 : func.length : nativeMax(newData[9] - length, 0);
 
-       var sha1 = new hashes.SHA1();
+               if (!arity && bitmask & (WRAP_CURRY_FLAG | WRAP_CURRY_RIGHT_FLAG)) {
+                 bitmask &= ~(WRAP_CURRY_FLAG | WRAP_CURRY_RIGHT_FLAG);
+               }
 
-       var ohauth = {};
+               if (!bitmask || bitmask == WRAP_BIND_FLAG) {
+                 var result = createBind(func, bitmask, thisArg);
+               } else if (bitmask == WRAP_CURRY_FLAG || bitmask == WRAP_CURRY_RIGHT_FLAG) {
+                 result = createCurry(func, bitmask, arity);
+               } else if ((bitmask == WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG || bitmask == (WRAP_BIND_FLAG | WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG)) && !holders.length) {
+                 result = createPartial(func, bitmask, thisArg, partials);
+               } else {
+                 result = createHybrid.apply(undefined$1, newData);
+               }
 
-       ohauth.qsString = function(obj) {
-           return Object.keys(obj).sort().map(function(key) {
-               return ohauth.percentEncode(key) + '=' +
-                   ohauth.percentEncode(obj[key]);
-           }).join('&');
-       };
+               var setter = data ? baseSetData : setData;
+               return setWrapToString(setter(result, newData), func, bitmask);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Used by `_.defaults` to customize its `_.assignIn` use to assign properties
+              * of source objects to the destination object for all destination properties
+              * that resolve to `undefined`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} objValue The destination value.
+              * @param {*} srcValue The source value.
+              * @param {string} key The key of the property to assign.
+              * @param {Object} object The parent object of `objValue`.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the value to assign.
+              */
 
-       ohauth.stringQs = function(str) {
-           return str.split('&').filter(function (pair) {
-               return pair !== '';
-           }).reduce(function(obj, pair){
-               var parts = pair.split('=');
-               obj[decodeURIComponent(parts[0])] = (null === parts[1]) ?
-                   '' : decodeURIComponent(parts[1]);
-               return obj;
-           }, {});
-       };
 
-       ohauth.rawxhr = function(method, url, data, headers, callback) {
-           var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(),
-               twoHundred = /^20\d$/;
-           xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
-               if (4 === xhr.readyState && 0 !== xhr.status) {
-                   if (twoHundred.test(xhr.status)) callback(null, xhr);
-                   else return callback(xhr, null);
+             function customDefaultsAssignIn(objValue, srcValue, key, object) {
+               if (objValue === undefined$1 || eq(objValue, objectProto[key]) && !hasOwnProperty.call(object, key)) {
+                 return srcValue;
                }
-           };
-           xhr.onerror = function(e) { return callback(e, null); };
-           xhr.open(method, url, true);
-           for (var h in headers) xhr.setRequestHeader(h, headers[h]);
-           xhr.send(data);
-           return xhr;
-       };
 
-       ohauth.xhr = function(method, url, auth, data, options, callback) {
-           var headers = (options && options.header) || {
-               'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
-           };
-           headers.Authorization = 'OAuth ' + ohauth.authHeader(auth);
-           return ohauth.rawxhr(method, url, data, headers, callback);
-       };
+               return objValue;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Used by `_.defaultsDeep` to customize its `_.merge` use to merge source
+              * objects into destination objects that are passed thru.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} objValue The destination value.
+              * @param {*} srcValue The source value.
+              * @param {string} key The key of the property to merge.
+              * @param {Object} object The parent object of `objValue`.
+              * @param {Object} source The parent object of `srcValue`.
+              * @param {Object} [stack] Tracks traversed source values and their merged
+              *  counterparts.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the value to assign.
+              */
 
-       ohauth.nonce = function() {
-           for (var o = ''; o.length < 6;) {
-               o += '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXTZabcdefghiklmnopqrstuvwxyz'[Math.floor(Math.random() * 61)];
-           }
-           return o;
-       };
 
-       ohauth.authHeader = function(obj) {
-           return Object.keys(obj).sort().map(function(key) {
-               return encodeURIComponent(key) + '="' + encodeURIComponent(obj[key]) + '"';
-           }).join(', ');
-       };
+             function customDefaultsMerge(objValue, srcValue, key, object, source, stack) {
+               if (isObject(objValue) && isObject(srcValue)) {
+                 // Recursively merge objects and arrays (susceptible to call stack limits).
+                 stack.set(srcValue, objValue);
+                 baseMerge(objValue, srcValue, undefined$1, customDefaultsMerge, stack);
+                 stack['delete'](srcValue);
+               }
 
-       ohauth.timestamp = function() { return ~~((+new Date()) / 1000); };
+               return objValue;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Used by `_.omit` to customize its `_.cloneDeep` use to only clone plain
+              * objects.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to inspect.
+              * @param {string} key The key of the property to inspect.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the uncloned value or `undefined` to defer cloning to `_.cloneDeep`.
+              */
 
-       ohauth.percentEncode = function(s) {
-           return encodeURIComponent(s)
-               .replace(/\!/g, '%21').replace(/\'/g, '%27')
-               .replace(/\*/g, '%2A').replace(/\(/g, '%28').replace(/\)/g, '%29');
-       };
 
-       ohauth.baseString = function(method, url, params) {
-           if (params.oauth_signature) delete params.oauth_signature;
-           return [
-               method,
-               ohauth.percentEncode(url),
-               ohauth.percentEncode(ohauth.qsString(params))].join('&');
-       };
+             function customOmitClone(value) {
+               return isPlainObject(value) ? undefined$1 : value;
+             }
+             /**
+              * A specialized version of `baseIsEqualDeep` for arrays with support for
+              * partial deep comparisons.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to compare.
+              * @param {Array} other The other array to compare.
+              * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `baseIsEqual` for more details.
+              * @param {Function} customizer The function to customize comparisons.
+              * @param {Function} equalFunc The function to determine equivalents of values.
+              * @param {Object} stack Tracks traversed `array` and `other` objects.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the arrays are equivalent, else `false`.
+              */
 
-       ohauth.signature = function(oauth_secret, token_secret, baseString) {
-           return sha1.b64_hmac(
-               ohauth.percentEncode(oauth_secret) + '&' +
-               ohauth.percentEncode(token_secret),
-               baseString);
-       };
 
-       /**
-        * Takes an options object for configuration (consumer_key,
-        * consumer_secret, version, signature_method, token, token_secret)
-        * and returns a function that generates the Authorization header
-        * for given data.
-        *
-        * The returned function takes these parameters:
-        * - method: GET/POST/...
-        * - uri: full URI with protocol, port, path and query string
-        * - extra_params: any extra parameters (that are passed in the POST data),
-        *   can be an object or a from-urlencoded string.
-        *
-        * Returned function returns full OAuth header with "OAuth" string in it.
-        */
+             function equalArrays(array, other, bitmask, customizer, equalFunc, stack) {
+               var isPartial = bitmask & COMPARE_PARTIAL_FLAG,
+                   arrLength = array.length,
+                   othLength = other.length;
 
-       ohauth.headerGenerator = function(options) {
-           options = options || {};
-           var consumer_key = options.consumer_key || '',
-               consumer_secret = options.consumer_secret || '',
-               signature_method = options.signature_method || 'HMAC-SHA1',
-               version = options.version || '1.0',
-               token = options.token || '',
-               token_secret = options.token_secret || '';
+               if (arrLength != othLength && !(isPartial && othLength > arrLength)) {
+                 return false;
+               } // Check that cyclic values are equal.
 
-           return function(method, uri, extra_params) {
-               method = method.toUpperCase();
-               if (typeof extra_params === 'string' && extra_params.length > 0) {
-                   extra_params = ohauth.stringQs(extra_params);
-               }
 
-               var uri_parts = uri.split('?', 2),
-               base_uri = uri_parts[0];
+               var arrStacked = stack.get(array);
+               var othStacked = stack.get(other);
 
-               var query_params = uri_parts.length === 2 ?
-                   ohauth.stringQs(uri_parts[1]) : {};
+               if (arrStacked && othStacked) {
+                 return arrStacked == other && othStacked == array;
+               }
 
-               var oauth_params = {
-                   oauth_consumer_key: consumer_key,
-                   oauth_signature_method: signature_method,
-                   oauth_version: version,
-                   oauth_timestamp: ohauth.timestamp(),
-                   oauth_nonce: ohauth.nonce()
-               };
+               var index = -1,
+                   result = true,
+                   seen = bitmask & COMPARE_UNORDERED_FLAG ? new SetCache() : undefined$1;
+               stack.set(array, other);
+               stack.set(other, array); // Ignore non-index properties.
 
-               if (token) oauth_params.oauth_token = token;
+               while (++index < arrLength) {
+                 var arrValue = array[index],
+                     othValue = other[index];
 
-               var all_params = immutable({}, oauth_params, query_params, extra_params),
-                   base_str = ohauth.baseString(method, base_uri, all_params);
+                 if (customizer) {
+                   var compared = isPartial ? customizer(othValue, arrValue, index, other, array, stack) : customizer(arrValue, othValue, index, array, other, stack);
+                 }
 
-               oauth_params.oauth_signature = ohauth.signature(consumer_secret, token_secret, base_str);
+                 if (compared !== undefined$1) {
+                   if (compared) {
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-               return 'OAuth ' + ohauth.authHeader(oauth_params);
-           };
-       };
+                   result = false;
+                   break;
+                 } // Recursively compare arrays (susceptible to call stack limits).
 
-       var ohauth_1 = ohauth;
 
-       var resolveUrl$1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       // Copyright 2014 Simon Lydell
-       // X11 (“MIT”) Licensed. (See LICENSE.)
+                 if (seen) {
+                   if (!arraySome(other, function (othValue, othIndex) {
+                     if (!cacheHas(seen, othIndex) && (arrValue === othValue || equalFunc(arrValue, othValue, bitmask, customizer, stack))) {
+                       return seen.push(othIndex);
+                     }
+                   })) {
+                     result = false;
+                     break;
+                   }
+                 } else if (!(arrValue === othValue || equalFunc(arrValue, othValue, bitmask, customizer, stack))) {
+                   result = false;
+                   break;
+                 }
+               }
 
-       void (function(root, factory) {
-         {
-           module.exports = factory();
-         }
-       }(commonjsGlobal, function() {
+               stack['delete'](array);
+               stack['delete'](other);
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * A specialized version of `baseIsEqualDeep` for comparing objects of
+              * the same `toStringTag`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This function only supports comparing values with tags of
+              * `Boolean`, `Date`, `Error`, `Number`, `RegExp`, or `String`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to compare.
+              * @param {Object} other The other object to compare.
+              * @param {string} tag The `toStringTag` of the objects to compare.
+              * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `baseIsEqual` for more details.
+              * @param {Function} customizer The function to customize comparisons.
+              * @param {Function} equalFunc The function to determine equivalents of values.
+              * @param {Object} stack Tracks traversed `object` and `other` objects.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the objects are equivalent, else `false`.
+              */
 
-         function resolveUrl(/* ...urls */) {
-           var numUrls = arguments.length;
 
-           if (numUrls === 0) {
-             throw new Error("resolveUrl requires at least one argument; got none.")
-           }
+             function equalByTag(object, other, tag, bitmask, customizer, equalFunc, stack) {
+               switch (tag) {
+                 case dataViewTag:
+                   if (object.byteLength != other.byteLength || object.byteOffset != other.byteOffset) {
+                     return false;
+                   }
 
-           var base = document.createElement("base");
-           base.href = arguments[0];
+                   object = object.buffer;
+                   other = other.buffer;
 
-           if (numUrls === 1) {
-             return base.href
-           }
+                 case arrayBufferTag:
+                   if (object.byteLength != other.byteLength || !equalFunc(new Uint8Array(object), new Uint8Array(other))) {
+                     return false;
+                   }
 
-           var head = document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0];
-           head.insertBefore(base, head.firstChild);
+                   return true;
 
-           var a = document.createElement("a");
-           var resolved;
+                 case boolTag:
+                 case dateTag:
+                 case numberTag:
+                   // Coerce booleans to `1` or `0` and dates to milliseconds.
+                   // Invalid dates are coerced to `NaN`.
+                   return eq(+object, +other);
 
-           for (var index = 1; index < numUrls; index++) {
-             a.href = arguments[index];
-             resolved = a.href;
-             base.href = resolved;
-           }
+                 case errorTag:
+                   return object.name == other.name && object.message == other.message;
 
-           head.removeChild(base);
+                 case regexpTag:
+                 case stringTag:
+                   // Coerce regexes to strings and treat strings, primitives and objects,
+                   // as equal. See http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-regexp.prototype.tostring
+                   // for more details.
+                   return object == other + '';
 
-           return resolved
-         }
+                 case mapTag:
+                   var convert = mapToArray;
 
-         return resolveUrl
+                 case setTag:
+                   var isPartial = bitmask & COMPARE_PARTIAL_FLAG;
+                   convert || (convert = setToArray);
 
-       }));
-       });
+                   if (object.size != other.size && !isPartial) {
+                     return false;
+                   } // Assume cyclic values are equal.
 
-       var assign$1 = make_assign();
-       var create$8 = make_create();
-       var trim = make_trim();
-       var Global = (typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : commonjsGlobal);
-
-       var util = {
-               assign: assign$1,
-               create: create$8,
-               trim: trim,
-               bind: bind$3,
-               slice: slice$5,
-               each: each,
-               map: map$5,
-               pluck: pluck,
-               isList: isList,
-               isFunction: isFunction$2,
-               isObject: isObject$2,
-               Global: Global
-       };
 
-       function make_assign() {
-               if (Object.assign) {
-                       return Object.assign
-               } else {
-                       return function shimAssign(obj, props1, props2, etc) {
-                               for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
-                                       each(Object(arguments[i]), function(val, key) {
-                                               obj[key] = val;
-                                       });
-                               }                       
-                               return obj
-                       }
-               }
-       }
+                   var stacked = stack.get(object);
 
-       function make_create() {
-               if (Object.create) {
-                       return function create(obj, assignProps1, assignProps2, etc) {
-                               var assignArgsList = slice$5(arguments, 1);
-                               return assign$1.apply(this, [Object.create(obj)].concat(assignArgsList))
-                       }
-               } else {
-                       function F() {} // eslint-disable-line no-inner-declarations
-                       return function create(obj, assignProps1, assignProps2, etc) {
-                               var assignArgsList = slice$5(arguments, 1);
-                               F.prototype = obj;
-                               return assign$1.apply(this, [new F()].concat(assignArgsList))
-                       }
-               }
-       }
+                   if (stacked) {
+                     return stacked == other;
+                   }
 
-       function make_trim() {
-               if (String.prototype.trim) {
-                       return function trim(str) {
-                               return String.prototype.trim.call(str)
-                       }
-               } else {
-                       return function trim(str) {
-                               return str.replace(/^[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+|[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+$/g, '')
-                       }
-               }
-       }
+                   bitmask |= COMPARE_UNORDERED_FLAG; // Recursively compare objects (susceptible to call stack limits).
 
-       function bind$3(obj, fn) {
-               return function() {
-                       return fn.apply(obj, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0))
-               }
-       }
+                   stack.set(object, other);
+                   var result = equalArrays(convert(object), convert(other), bitmask, customizer, equalFunc, stack);
+                   stack['delete'](object);
+                   return result;
 
-       function slice$5(arr, index) {
-               return Array.prototype.slice.call(arr, index || 0)
-       }
+                 case symbolTag:
+                   if (symbolValueOf) {
+                     return symbolValueOf.call(object) == symbolValueOf.call(other);
+                   }
 
-       function each(obj, fn) {
-               pluck(obj, function(val, key) {
-                       fn(val, key);
-                       return false
-               });
-       }
+               }
 
-       function map$5(obj, fn) {
-               var res = (isList(obj) ? [] : {});
-               pluck(obj, function(v, k) {
-                       res[k] = fn(v, k);
-                       return false
-               });
-               return res
-       }
+               return false;
+             }
+             /**
+              * A specialized version of `baseIsEqualDeep` for objects with support for
+              * partial deep comparisons.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to compare.
+              * @param {Object} other The other object to compare.
+              * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `baseIsEqual` for more details.
+              * @param {Function} customizer The function to customize comparisons.
+              * @param {Function} equalFunc The function to determine equivalents of values.
+              * @param {Object} stack Tracks traversed `object` and `other` objects.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the objects are equivalent, else `false`.
+              */
 
-       function pluck(obj, fn) {
-               if (isList(obj)) {
-                       for (var i=0; i<obj.length; i++) {
-                               if (fn(obj[i], i)) {
-                                       return obj[i]
-                               }
-                       }
-               } else {
-                       for (var key in obj) {
-                               if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
-                                       if (fn(obj[key], key)) {
-                                               return obj[key]
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }
-               }
-       }
 
-       function isList(val) {
-               return (val != null && typeof val != 'function' && typeof val.length == 'number')
-       }
+             function equalObjects(object, other, bitmask, customizer, equalFunc, stack) {
+               var isPartial = bitmask & COMPARE_PARTIAL_FLAG,
+                   objProps = getAllKeys(object),
+                   objLength = objProps.length,
+                   othProps = getAllKeys(other),
+                   othLength = othProps.length;
 
-       function isFunction$2(val) {
-               return val && {}.toString.call(val) === '[object Function]'
-       }
+               if (objLength != othLength && !isPartial) {
+                 return false;
+               }
 
-       function isObject$2(val) {
-               return val && {}.toString.call(val) === '[object Object]'
-       }
+               var index = objLength;
 
-       var slice$6 = util.slice;
-       var pluck$1 = util.pluck;
-       var each$1 = util.each;
-       var bind$4 = util.bind;
-       var create$9 = util.create;
-       var isList$1 = util.isList;
-       var isFunction$3 = util.isFunction;
-       var isObject$3 = util.isObject;
+               while (index--) {
+                 var key = objProps[index];
 
-       var storeEngine = {
-               createStore: createStore
-       };
+                 if (!(isPartial ? key in other : hasOwnProperty.call(other, key))) {
+                   return false;
+                 }
+               } // Check that cyclic values are equal.
 
-       var storeAPI = {
-               version: '2.0.12',
-               enabled: false,
-               
-               // get returns the value of the given key. If that value
-               // is undefined, it returns optionalDefaultValue instead.
-               get: function(key, optionalDefaultValue) {
-                       var data = this.storage.read(this._namespacePrefix + key);
-                       return this._deserialize(data, optionalDefaultValue)
-               },
-
-               // set will store the given value at key and returns value.
-               // Calling set with value === undefined is equivalent to calling remove.
-               set: function(key, value) {
-                       if (value === undefined) {
-                               return this.remove(key)
-                       }
-                       this.storage.write(this._namespacePrefix + key, this._serialize(value));
-                       return value
-               },
-
-               // remove deletes the key and value stored at the given key.
-               remove: function(key) {
-                       this.storage.remove(this._namespacePrefix + key);
-               },
-
-               // each will call the given callback once for each key-value pair
-               // in this store.
-               each: function(callback) {
-                       var self = this;
-                       this.storage.each(function(val, namespacedKey) {
-                               callback.call(self, self._deserialize(val), (namespacedKey || '').replace(self._namespaceRegexp, ''));
-                       });
-               },
-
-               // clearAll will remove all the stored key-value pairs in this store.
-               clearAll: function() {
-                       this.storage.clearAll();
-               },
-
-               // additional functionality that can't live in plugins
-               // ---------------------------------------------------
-
-               // hasNamespace returns true if this store instance has the given namespace.
-               hasNamespace: function(namespace) {
-                       return (this._namespacePrefix == '__storejs_'+namespace+'_')
-               },
-
-               // createStore creates a store.js instance with the first
-               // functioning storage in the list of storage candidates,
-               // and applies the the given mixins to the instance.
-               createStore: function() {
-                       return createStore.apply(this, arguments)
-               },
-               
-               addPlugin: function(plugin) {
-                       this._addPlugin(plugin);
-               },
-               
-               namespace: function(namespace) {
-                       return createStore(this.storage, this.plugins, namespace)
-               }
-       };
 
-       function _warn() {
-               var _console = (typeof console == 'undefined' ? null : console);
-               if (!_console) { return }
-               var fn = (_console.warn ? _console.warn : _console.log);
-               fn.apply(_console, arguments);
-       }
-
-       function createStore(storages, plugins, namespace) {
-               if (!namespace) {
-                       namespace = '';
-               }
-               if (storages && !isList$1(storages)) {
-                       storages = [storages];
-               }
-               if (plugins && !isList$1(plugins)) {
-                       plugins = [plugins];
-               }
-
-               var namespacePrefix = (namespace ? '__storejs_'+namespace+'_' : '');
-               var namespaceRegexp = (namespace ? new RegExp('^'+namespacePrefix) : null);
-               var legalNamespaces = /^[a-zA-Z0-9_\-]*$/; // alpha-numeric + underscore and dash
-               if (!legalNamespaces.test(namespace)) {
-                       throw new Error('store.js namespaces can only have alphanumerics + underscores and dashes')
-               }
-               
-               var _privateStoreProps = {
-                       _namespacePrefix: namespacePrefix,
-                       _namespaceRegexp: namespaceRegexp,
-
-                       _testStorage: function(storage) {
-                               try {
-                                       var testStr = '__storejs__test__';
-                                       storage.write(testStr, testStr);
-                                       var ok = (storage.read(testStr) === testStr);
-                                       storage.remove(testStr);
-                                       return ok
-                               } catch(e) {
-                                       return false
-                               }
-                       },
-
-                       _assignPluginFnProp: function(pluginFnProp, propName) {
-                               var oldFn = this[propName];
-                               this[propName] = function pluginFn() {
-                                       var args = slice$6(arguments, 0);
-                                       var self = this;
-
-                                       // super_fn calls the old function which was overwritten by
-                                       // this mixin.
-                                       function super_fn() {
-                                               if (!oldFn) { return }
-                                               each$1(arguments, function(arg, i) {
-                                                       args[i] = arg;
-                                               });
-                                               return oldFn.apply(self, args)
-                                       }
-
-                                       // Give mixing function access to super_fn by prefixing all mixin function
-                                       // arguments with super_fn.
-                                       var newFnArgs = [super_fn].concat(args);
-
-                                       return pluginFnProp.apply(self, newFnArgs)
-                               };
-                       },
-
-                       _serialize: function(obj) {
-                               return JSON.stringify(obj)
-                       },
-
-                       _deserialize: function(strVal, defaultVal) {
-                               if (!strVal) { return defaultVal }
-                               // It is possible that a raw string value has been previously stored
-                               // in a storage without using store.js, meaning it will be a raw
-                               // string value instead of a JSON serialized string. By defaulting
-                               // to the raw string value in case of a JSON parse error, we allow
-                               // for past stored values to be forwards-compatible with store.js
-                               var val = '';
-                               try { val = JSON.parse(strVal); }
-                               catch(e) { val = strVal; }
-
-                               return (val !== undefined ? val : defaultVal)
-                       },
-                       
-                       _addStorage: function(storage) {
-                               if (this.enabled) { return }
-                               if (this._testStorage(storage)) {
-                                       this.storage = storage;
-                                       this.enabled = true;
-                               }
-                       },
-
-                       _addPlugin: function(plugin) {
-                               var self = this;
-
-                               // If the plugin is an array, then add all plugins in the array.
-                               // This allows for a plugin to depend on other plugins.
-                               if (isList$1(plugin)) {
-                                       each$1(plugin, function(plugin) {
-                                               self._addPlugin(plugin);
-                                       });
-                                       return
-                               }
-
-                               // Keep track of all plugins we've seen so far, so that we
-                               // don't add any of them twice.
-                               var seenPlugin = pluck$1(this.plugins, function(seenPlugin) {
-                                       return (plugin === seenPlugin)
-                               });
-                               if (seenPlugin) {
-                                       return
-                               }
-                               this.plugins.push(plugin);
-
-                               // Check that the plugin is properly formed
-                               if (!isFunction$3(plugin)) {
-                                       throw new Error('Plugins must be function values that return objects')
-                               }
-
-                               var pluginProperties = plugin.call(this);
-                               if (!isObject$3(pluginProperties)) {
-                                       throw new Error('Plugins must return an object of function properties')
-                               }
-
-                               // Add the plugin function properties to this store instance.
-                               each$1(pluginProperties, function(pluginFnProp, propName) {
-                                       if (!isFunction$3(pluginFnProp)) {
-                                               throw new Error('Bad plugin property: '+propName+' from plugin '+plugin.name+'. Plugins should only return functions.')
-                                       }
-                                       self._assignPluginFnProp(pluginFnProp, propName);
-                               });
-                       },
-                       
-                       // Put deprecated properties in the private API, so as to not expose it to accidential
-                       // discovery through inspection of the store object.
-                       
-                       // Deprecated: addStorage
-                       addStorage: function(storage) {
-                               _warn('store.addStorage(storage) is deprecated. Use createStore([storages])');
-                               this._addStorage(storage);
-                       }
-               };
-
-               var store = create$9(_privateStoreProps, storeAPI, {
-                       plugins: []
-               });
-               store.raw = {};
-               each$1(store, function(prop, propName) {
-                       if (isFunction$3(prop)) {
-                               store.raw[propName] = bind$4(store, prop);                      
-                       }
-               });
-               each$1(storages, function(storage) {
-                       store._addStorage(storage);
-               });
-               each$1(plugins, function(plugin) {
-                       store._addPlugin(plugin);
-               });
-               return store
-       }
-
-       var Global$1 = util.Global;
+               var objStacked = stack.get(object);
+               var othStacked = stack.get(other);
 
-       var localStorage_1 = {
-               name: 'localStorage',
-               read: read,
-               write: write,
-               each: each$2,
-               remove: remove$2,
-               clearAll: clearAll,
-       };
+               if (objStacked && othStacked) {
+                 return objStacked == other && othStacked == object;
+               }
 
-       function localStorage$1() {
-               return Global$1.localStorage
-       }
+               var result = true;
+               stack.set(object, other);
+               stack.set(other, object);
+               var skipCtor = isPartial;
 
-       function read(key) {
-               return localStorage$1().getItem(key)
-       }
+               while (++index < objLength) {
+                 key = objProps[index];
+                 var objValue = object[key],
+                     othValue = other[key];
 
-       function write(key, data) {
-               return localStorage$1().setItem(key, data)
-       }
+                 if (customizer) {
+                   var compared = isPartial ? customizer(othValue, objValue, key, other, object, stack) : customizer(objValue, othValue, key, object, other, stack);
+                 } // Recursively compare objects (susceptible to call stack limits).
 
-       function each$2(fn) {
-               for (var i = localStorage$1().length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-                       var key = localStorage$1().key(i);
-                       fn(read(key), key);
-               }
-       }
 
-       function remove$2(key) {
-               return localStorage$1().removeItem(key)
-       }
+                 if (!(compared === undefined$1 ? objValue === othValue || equalFunc(objValue, othValue, bitmask, customizer, stack) : compared)) {
+                   result = false;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-       function clearAll() {
-               return localStorage$1().clear()
-       }
+                 skipCtor || (skipCtor = key == 'constructor');
+               }
 
-       // oldFF-globalStorage provides storage for Firefox
-       // versions 6 and 7, where no localStorage, etc
-       // is available.
+               if (result && !skipCtor) {
+                 var objCtor = object.constructor,
+                     othCtor = other.constructor; // Non `Object` object instances with different constructors are not equal.
 
+                 if (objCtor != othCtor && 'constructor' in object && 'constructor' in other && !(typeof objCtor == 'function' && objCtor instanceof objCtor && typeof othCtor == 'function' && othCtor instanceof othCtor)) {
+                   result = false;
+                 }
+               }
 
-       var Global$2 = util.Global;
+               stack['delete'](object);
+               stack['delete'](other);
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * A specialized version of `baseRest` which flattens the rest array.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to apply a rest parameter to.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
+              */
 
-       var oldFFGlobalStorage = {
-               name: 'oldFF-globalStorage',
-               read: read$1,
-               write: write$1,
-               each: each$3,
-               remove: remove$3,
-               clearAll: clearAll$1,
-       };
 
-       var globalStorage = Global$2.globalStorage;
+             function flatRest(func) {
+               return setToString(overRest(func, undefined$1, flatten), func + '');
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of own enumerable property names and symbols of `object`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the array of property names and symbols.
+              */
 
-       function read$1(key) {
-               return globalStorage[key]
-       }
 
-       function write$1(key, data) {
-               globalStorage[key] = data;
-       }
+             function getAllKeys(object) {
+               return baseGetAllKeys(object, keys, getSymbols);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of own and inherited enumerable property names and
+              * symbols of `object`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the array of property names and symbols.
+              */
 
-       function each$3(fn) {
-               for (var i = globalStorage.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-                       var key = globalStorage.key(i);
-                       fn(globalStorage[key], key);
-               }
-       }
 
-       function remove$3(key) {
-               return globalStorage.removeItem(key)
-       }
+             function getAllKeysIn(object) {
+               return baseGetAllKeys(object, keysIn, getSymbolsIn);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets metadata for `func`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to query.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the metadata for `func`.
+              */
 
-       function clearAll$1() {
-               each$3(function(key, _) {
-                       delete globalStorage[key];
-               });
-       }
 
-       // oldIE-userDataStorage provides storage for Internet Explorer
-       // versions 6 and 7, where no localStorage, sessionStorage, etc
-       // is available.
+             var getData = !metaMap ? noop : function (func) {
+               return metaMap.get(func);
+             };
+             /**
+              * Gets the name of `func`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to query.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the function name.
+              */
 
+             function getFuncName(func) {
+               var result = func.name + '',
+                   array = realNames[result],
+                   length = hasOwnProperty.call(realNames, result) ? array.length : 0;
 
-       var Global$3 = util.Global;
+               while (length--) {
+                 var data = array[length],
+                     otherFunc = data.func;
 
-       var oldIEUserDataStorage = {
-               name: 'oldIE-userDataStorage',
-               write: write$2,
-               read: read$2,
-               each: each$4,
-               remove: remove$4,
-               clearAll: clearAll$2,
-       };
+                 if (otherFunc == null || otherFunc == func) {
+                   return data.name;
+                 }
+               }
 
-       var storageName = 'storejs';
-       var doc = Global$3.document;
-       var _withStorageEl = _makeIEStorageElFunction();
-       var disable = (Global$3.navigator ? Global$3.navigator.userAgent : '').match(/ (MSIE 8|MSIE 9|MSIE 10)\./); // MSIE 9.x, MSIE 10.x
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the argument placeholder value for `func`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to inspect.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the placeholder value.
+              */
 
-       function write$2(unfixedKey, data) {
-               if (disable) { return }
-               var fixedKey = fixKey(unfixedKey);
-               _withStorageEl(function(storageEl) {
-                       storageEl.setAttribute(fixedKey, data);
-                       storageEl.save(storageName);
-               });
-       }
 
-       function read$2(unfixedKey) {
-               if (disable) { return }
-               var fixedKey = fixKey(unfixedKey);
-               var res = null;
-               _withStorageEl(function(storageEl) {
-                       res = storageEl.getAttribute(fixedKey);
-               });
-               return res
-       }
+             function getHolder(func) {
+               var object = hasOwnProperty.call(lodash, 'placeholder') ? lodash : func;
+               return object.placeholder;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the appropriate "iteratee" function. If `_.iteratee` is customized,
+              * this function returns the custom method, otherwise it returns `baseIteratee`.
+              * If arguments are provided, the chosen function is invoked with them and
+              * its result is returned.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} [value] The value to convert to an iteratee.
+              * @param {number} [arity] The arity of the created iteratee.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the chosen function or its result.
+              */
 
-       function each$4(callback) {
-               _withStorageEl(function(storageEl) {
-                       var attributes = storageEl.XMLDocument.documentElement.attributes;
-                       for (var i=attributes.length-1; i>=0; i--) {
-                               var attr = attributes[i];
-                               callback(storageEl.getAttribute(attr.name), attr.name);
-                       }
-               });
-       }
 
-       function remove$4(unfixedKey) {
-               var fixedKey = fixKey(unfixedKey);
-               _withStorageEl(function(storageEl) {
-                       storageEl.removeAttribute(fixedKey);
-                       storageEl.save(storageName);
-               });
-       }
+             function getIteratee() {
+               var result = lodash.iteratee || iteratee;
+               result = result === iteratee ? baseIteratee : result;
+               return arguments.length ? result(arguments[0], arguments[1]) : result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the data for `map`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} map The map to query.
+              * @param {string} key The reference key.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the map data.
+              */
 
-       function clearAll$2() {
-               _withStorageEl(function(storageEl) {
-                       var attributes = storageEl.XMLDocument.documentElement.attributes;
-                       storageEl.load(storageName);
-                       for (var i=attributes.length-1; i>=0; i--) {
-                               storageEl.removeAttribute(attributes[i].name);
-                       }
-                       storageEl.save(storageName);
-               });
-       }
 
-       // Helpers
-       //////////
+             function getMapData(map, key) {
+               var data = map.__data__;
+               return isKeyable(key) ? data[typeof key == 'string' ? 'string' : 'hash'] : data.map;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the property names, values, and compare flags of `object`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the match data of `object`.
+              */
 
-       // In IE7, keys cannot start with a digit or contain certain chars.
-       // See https://github.com/marcuswestin/store.js/issues/40
-       // See https://github.com/marcuswestin/store.js/issues/83
-       var forbiddenCharsRegex = new RegExp("[!\"#$%&'()*+,/\\\\:;<=>?@[\\]^`{|}~]", "g");
-       function fixKey(key) {
-               return key.replace(/^\d/, '___$&').replace(forbiddenCharsRegex, '___')
-       }
 
-       function _makeIEStorageElFunction() {
-               if (!doc || !doc.documentElement || !doc.documentElement.addBehavior) {
-                       return null
-               }
-               var scriptTag = 'script',
-                       storageOwner,
-                       storageContainer,
-                       storageEl;
-
-               // Since #userData storage applies only to specific paths, we need to
-               // somehow link our data to a specific path.  We choose /favicon.ico
-               // as a pretty safe option, since all browsers already make a request to
-               // this URL anyway and being a 404 will not hurt us here.  We wrap an
-               // iframe pointing to the favicon in an ActiveXObject(htmlfile) object
-               // (see: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa752574(v=VS.85).aspx)
-               // since the iframe access rules appear to allow direct access and
-               // manipulation of the document element, even for a 404 page.  This
-               // document can be used instead of the current document (which would
-               // have been limited to the current path) to perform #userData storage.
-               try {
-                       /* global ActiveXObject */
-                       storageContainer = new ActiveXObject('htmlfile');
-                       storageContainer.open();
-                       storageContainer.write('<'+scriptTag+'>document.w=window</'+scriptTag+'><iframe src="/favicon.ico"></iframe>');
-                       storageContainer.close();
-                       storageOwner = storageContainer.w.frames[0].document;
-                       storageEl = storageOwner.createElement('div');
-               } catch(e) {
-                       // somehow ActiveXObject instantiation failed (perhaps some special
-                       // security settings or otherwse), fall back to per-path storage
-                       storageEl = doc.createElement('div');
-                       storageOwner = doc.body;
-               }
-
-               return function(storeFunction) {
-                       var args = [].slice.call(arguments, 0);
-                       args.unshift(storageEl);
-                       // See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms531081(v=VS.85).aspx
-                       // and http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms531424(v=VS.85).aspx
-                       storageOwner.appendChild(storageEl);
-                       storageEl.addBehavior('#default#userData');
-                       storageEl.load(storageName);
-                       storeFunction.apply(this, args);
-                       storageOwner.removeChild(storageEl);
-                       return
-               }
-       }
-
-       // cookieStorage is useful Safari private browser mode, where localStorage
-       // doesn't work but cookies do. This implementation is adopted from
-       // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Storage/LocalStorage
+             function getMatchData(object) {
+               var result = keys(object),
+                   length = result.length;
 
+               while (length--) {
+                 var key = result[length],
+                     value = object[key];
+                 result[length] = [key, value, isStrictComparable(value)];
+               }
 
-       var Global$4 = util.Global;
-       var trim$1 = util.trim;
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the native function at `key` of `object`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @param {string} key The key of the method to get.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the function if it's native, else `undefined`.
+              */
 
-       var cookieStorage = {
-               name: 'cookieStorage',
-               read: read$3,
-               write: write$3,
-               each: each$5,
-               remove: remove$5,
-               clearAll: clearAll$3,
-       };
 
-       var doc$1 = Global$4.document;
+             function getNative(object, key) {
+               var value = getValue(object, key);
+               return baseIsNative(value) ? value : undefined$1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * A specialized version of `baseGetTag` which ignores `Symbol.toStringTag` values.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to query.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the raw `toStringTag`.
+              */
 
-       function read$3(key) {
-               if (!key || !_has(key)) { return null }
-               var regexpStr = "(?:^|.*;\\s*)" +
-                       escape(key).replace(/[\-\.\+\*]/g, "\\$&") +
-                       "\\s*\\=\\s*((?:[^;](?!;))*[^;]?).*";
-               return unescape(doc$1.cookie.replace(new RegExp(regexpStr), "$1"))
-       }
 
-       function each$5(callback) {
-               var cookies = doc$1.cookie.split(/; ?/g);
-               for (var i = cookies.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-                       if (!trim$1(cookies[i])) {
-                               continue
-                       }
-                       var kvp = cookies[i].split('=');
-                       var key = unescape(kvp[0]);
-                       var val = unescape(kvp[1]);
-                       callback(val, key);
-               }
-       }
+             function getRawTag(value) {
+               var isOwn = hasOwnProperty.call(value, symToStringTag),
+                   tag = value[symToStringTag];
 
-       function write$3(key, data) {
-               if(!key) { return }
-               doc$1.cookie = escape(key) + "=" + escape(data) + "; expires=Tue, 19 Jan 2038 03:14:07 GMT; path=/";
-       }
+               try {
+                 value[symToStringTag] = undefined$1;
+                 var unmasked = true;
+               } catch (e) {}
 
-       function remove$5(key) {
-               if (!key || !_has(key)) {
-                       return
-               }
-               doc$1.cookie = escape(key) + "=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; path=/";
-       }
+               var result = nativeObjectToString.call(value);
 
-       function clearAll$3() {
-               each$5(function(_, key) {
-                       remove$5(key);
-               });
-       }
+               if (unmasked) {
+                 if (isOwn) {
+                   value[symToStringTag] = tag;
+                 } else {
+                   delete value[symToStringTag];
+                 }
+               }
 
-       function _has(key) {
-               return (new RegExp("(?:^|;\\s*)" + escape(key).replace(/[\-\.\+\*]/g, "\\$&") + "\\s*\\=")).test(doc$1.cookie)
-       }
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of the own enumerable symbols of `object`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the array of symbols.
+              */
 
-       var Global$5 = util.Global;
 
-       var sessionStorage_1 = {
-               name: 'sessionStorage',
-               read: read$4,
-               write: write$4,
-               each: each$6,
-               remove: remove$6,
-               clearAll: clearAll$4
-       };
+             var getSymbols = !nativeGetSymbols ? stubArray : function (object) {
+               if (object == null) {
+                 return [];
+               }
 
-       function sessionStorage() {
-               return Global$5.sessionStorage
-       }
+               object = Object(object);
+               return arrayFilter(nativeGetSymbols(object), function (symbol) {
+                 return propertyIsEnumerable.call(object, symbol);
+               });
+             };
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of the own and inherited enumerable symbols of `object`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the array of symbols.
+              */
 
-       function read$4(key) {
-               return sessionStorage().getItem(key)
-       }
+             var getSymbolsIn = !nativeGetSymbols ? stubArray : function (object) {
+               var result = [];
 
-       function write$4(key, data) {
-               return sessionStorage().setItem(key, data)
-       }
+               while (object) {
+                 arrayPush(result, getSymbols(object));
+                 object = getPrototype(object);
+               }
 
-       function each$6(fn) {
-               for (var i = sessionStorage().length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-                       var key = sessionStorage().key(i);
-                       fn(read$4(key), key);
-               }
-       }
+               return result;
+             };
+             /**
+              * Gets the `toStringTag` of `value`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to query.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the `toStringTag`.
+              */
 
-       function remove$6(key) {
-               return sessionStorage().removeItem(key)
-       }
+             var getTag = baseGetTag; // Fallback for data views, maps, sets, and weak maps in IE 11 and promises in Node.js < 6.
 
-       function clearAll$4() {
-               return sessionStorage().clear()
-       }
+             if (DataView && getTag(new DataView(new ArrayBuffer(1))) != dataViewTag || Map && getTag(new Map()) != mapTag || Promise && getTag(Promise.resolve()) != promiseTag || Set && getTag(new Set()) != setTag || WeakMap && getTag(new WeakMap()) != weakMapTag) {
+               getTag = function getTag(value) {
+                 var result = baseGetTag(value),
+                     Ctor = result == objectTag ? value.constructor : undefined$1,
+                     ctorString = Ctor ? toSource(Ctor) : '';
 
-       // memoryStorage is a useful last fallback to ensure that the store
-       // is functions (meaning store.get(), store.set(), etc will all function).
-       // However, stored values will not persist when the browser navigates to
-       // a new page or reloads the current page.
+                 if (ctorString) {
+                   switch (ctorString) {
+                     case dataViewCtorString:
+                       return dataViewTag;
 
-       var memoryStorage_1 = {
-               name: 'memoryStorage',
-               read: read$5,
-               write: write$5,
-               each: each$7,
-               remove: remove$7,
-               clearAll: clearAll$5,
-       };
+                     case mapCtorString:
+                       return mapTag;
 
-       var memoryStorage = {};
+                     case promiseCtorString:
+                       return promiseTag;
 
-       function read$5(key) {
-               return memoryStorage[key]
-       }
+                     case setCtorString:
+                       return setTag;
 
-       function write$5(key, data) {
-               memoryStorage[key] = data;
-       }
+                     case weakMapCtorString:
+                       return weakMapTag;
+                   }
+                 }
 
-       function each$7(callback) {
-               for (var key in memoryStorage) {
-                       if (memoryStorage.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
-                               callback(memoryStorage[key], key);
-                       }
-               }
-       }
+                 return result;
+               };
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the view, applying any `transforms` to the `start` and `end` positions.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {number} start The start of the view.
+              * @param {number} end The end of the view.
+              * @param {Array} transforms The transformations to apply to the view.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns an object containing the `start` and `end`
+              *  positions of the view.
+              */
 
-       function remove$7(key) {
-               delete memoryStorage[key];
-       }
 
-       function clearAll$5(key) {
-               memoryStorage = {};
-       }
+             function getView(start, end, transforms) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = transforms.length;
 
-       var all = [
-               // Listed in order of usage preference
-               localStorage_1,
-               oldFFGlobalStorage,
-               oldIEUserDataStorage,
-               cookieStorage,
-               sessionStorage_1,
-               memoryStorage_1
-       ];
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var data = transforms[index],
+                     size = data.size;
 
-       /* eslint-disable */
+                 switch (data.type) {
+                   case 'drop':
+                     start += size;
+                     break;
 
-       //  json2.js
-       //  2016-10-28
-       //  Public Domain.
-       //  NO WARRANTY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. USE AT YOUR OWN RISK.
-       //  See http://www.JSON.org/js.html
-       //  This code should be minified before deployment.
-       //  See http://javascript.crockford.com/jsmin.html
+                   case 'dropRight':
+                     end -= size;
+                     break;
 
-       //  USE YOUR OWN COPY. IT IS EXTREMELY UNWISE TO LOAD CODE FROM SERVERS YOU DO
-       //  NOT CONTROL.
+                   case 'take':
+                     end = nativeMin(end, start + size);
+                     break;
 
-       //  This file creates a global JSON object containing two methods: stringify
-       //  and parse. This file provides the ES5 JSON capability to ES3 systems.
-       //  If a project might run on IE8 or earlier, then this file should be included.
-       //  This file does nothing on ES5 systems.
+                   case 'takeRight':
+                     start = nativeMax(start, end - size);
+                     break;
+                 }
+               }
 
-       //      JSON.stringify(value, replacer, space)
-       //          value       any JavaScript value, usually an object or array.
-       //          replacer    an optional parameter that determines how object
-       //                      values are stringified for objects. It can be a
-       //                      function or an array of strings.
-       //          space       an optional parameter that specifies the indentation
-       //                      of nested structures. If it is omitted, the text will
-       //                      be packed without extra whitespace. If it is a number,
-       //                      it will specify the number of spaces to indent at each
-       //                      level. If it is a string (such as "\t" or "&nbsp;"),
-       //                      it contains the characters used to indent at each level.
-       //          This method produces a JSON text from a JavaScript value.
-       //          When an object value is found, if the object contains a toJSON
-       //          method, its toJSON method will be called and the result will be
-       //          stringified. A toJSON method does not serialize: it returns the
-       //          value represented by the name/value pair that should be serialized,
-       //          or undefined if nothing should be serialized. The toJSON method
-       //          will be passed the key associated with the value, and this will be
-       //          bound to the value.
+               return {
+                 'start': start,
+                 'end': end
+               };
+             }
+             /**
+              * Extracts wrapper details from the `source` body comment.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {string} source The source to inspect.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the wrapper details.
+              */
 
-       //          For example, this would serialize Dates as ISO strings.
 
-       //              Date.prototype.toJSON = function (key) {
-       //                  function f(n) {
-       //                      // Format integers to have at least two digits.
-       //                      return (n < 10)
-       //                          ? "0" + n
-       //                          : n;
-       //                  }
-       //                  return this.getUTCFullYear()   + "-" +
-       //                       f(this.getUTCMonth() + 1) + "-" +
-       //                       f(this.getUTCDate())      + "T" +
-       //                       f(this.getUTCHours())     + ":" +
-       //                       f(this.getUTCMinutes())   + ":" +
-       //                       f(this.getUTCSeconds())   + "Z";
-       //              };
+             function getWrapDetails(source) {
+               var match = source.match(reWrapDetails);
+               return match ? match[1].split(reSplitDetails) : [];
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `path` exists on `object`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path to check.
+              * @param {Function} hasFunc The function to check properties.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `path` exists, else `false`.
+              */
 
-       //          You can provide an optional replacer method. It will be passed the
-       //          key and value of each member, with this bound to the containing
-       //          object. The value that is returned from your method will be
-       //          serialized. If your method returns undefined, then the member will
-       //          be excluded from the serialization.
 
-       //          If the replacer parameter is an array of strings, then it will be
-       //          used to select the members to be serialized. It filters the results
-       //          such that only members with keys listed in the replacer array are
-       //          stringified.
+             function hasPath(object, path, hasFunc) {
+               path = castPath(path, object);
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = path.length,
+                   result = false;
 
-       //          Values that do not have JSON representations, such as undefined or
-       //          functions, will not be serialized. Such values in objects will be
-       //          dropped; in arrays they will be replaced with null. You can use
-       //          a replacer function to replace those with JSON values.
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var key = toKey(path[index]);
 
-       //          JSON.stringify(undefined) returns undefined.
+                 if (!(result = object != null && hasFunc(object, key))) {
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-       //          The optional space parameter produces a stringification of the
-       //          value that is filled with line breaks and indentation to make it
-       //          easier to read.
+                 object = object[key];
+               }
 
-       //          If the space parameter is a non-empty string, then that string will
-       //          be used for indentation. If the space parameter is a number, then
-       //          the indentation will be that many spaces.
+               if (result || ++index != length) {
+                 return result;
+               }
 
-       //          Example:
+               length = object == null ? 0 : object.length;
+               return !!length && isLength(length) && isIndex(key, length) && (isArray(object) || isArguments(object));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Initializes an array clone.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to clone.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the initialized clone.
+              */
 
-       //          text = JSON.stringify(["e", {pluribus: "unum"}]);
-       //          // text is '["e",{"pluribus":"unum"}]'
 
-       //          text = JSON.stringify(["e", {pluribus: "unum"}], null, "\t");
-       //          // text is '[\n\t"e",\n\t{\n\t\t"pluribus": "unum"\n\t}\n]'
+             function initCloneArray(array) {
+               var length = array.length,
+                   result = new array.constructor(length); // Add properties assigned by `RegExp#exec`.
 
-       //          text = JSON.stringify([new Date()], function (key, value) {
-       //              return this[key] instanceof Date
-       //                  ? "Date(" + this[key] + ")"
-       //                  : value;
-       //          });
-       //          // text is '["Date(---current time---)"]'
+               if (length && typeof array[0] == 'string' && hasOwnProperty.call(array, 'index')) {
+                 result.index = array.index;
+                 result.input = array.input;
+               }
 
-       //      JSON.parse(text, reviver)
-       //          This method parses a JSON text to produce an object or array.
-       //          It can throw a SyntaxError exception.
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Initializes an object clone.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to clone.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the initialized clone.
+              */
 
-       //          The optional reviver parameter is a function that can filter and
-       //          transform the results. It receives each of the keys and values,
-       //          and its return value is used instead of the original value.
-       //          If it returns what it received, then the structure is not modified.
-       //          If it returns undefined then the member is deleted.
 
-       //          Example:
+             function initCloneObject(object) {
+               return typeof object.constructor == 'function' && !isPrototype(object) ? baseCreate(getPrototype(object)) : {};
+             }
+             /**
+              * Initializes an object clone based on its `toStringTag`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This function only supports cloning values with tags of
+              * `Boolean`, `Date`, `Error`, `Map`, `Number`, `RegExp`, `Set`, or `String`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to clone.
+              * @param {string} tag The `toStringTag` of the object to clone.
+              * @param {boolean} [isDeep] Specify a deep clone.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the initialized clone.
+              */
 
-       //          // Parse the text. Values that look like ISO date strings will
-       //          // be converted to Date objects.
 
-       //          myData = JSON.parse(text, function (key, value) {
-       //              var a;
-       //              if (typeof value === "string") {
-       //                  a =
-       //   /^(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})T(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2}(?:\.\d*)?)Z$/.exec(value);
-       //                  if (a) {
-       //                      return new Date(Date.UTC(+a[1], +a[2] - 1, +a[3], +a[4],
-       //                          +a[5], +a[6]));
-       //                  }
-       //              }
-       //              return value;
-       //          });
+             function initCloneByTag(object, tag, isDeep) {
+               var Ctor = object.constructor;
 
-       //          myData = JSON.parse('["Date(09/09/2001)"]', function (key, value) {
-       //              var d;
-       //              if (typeof value === "string" &&
-       //                      value.slice(0, 5) === "Date(" &&
-       //                      value.slice(-1) === ")") {
-       //                  d = new Date(value.slice(5, -1));
-       //                  if (d) {
-       //                      return d;
-       //                  }
-       //              }
-       //              return value;
-       //          });
+               switch (tag) {
+                 case arrayBufferTag:
+                   return cloneArrayBuffer(object);
 
-       //  This is a reference implementation. You are free to copy, modify, or
-       //  redistribute.
+                 case boolTag:
+                 case dateTag:
+                   return new Ctor(+object);
 
-       /*jslint
-           eval, for, this
-       */
+                 case dataViewTag:
+                   return cloneDataView(object, isDeep);
 
-       /*property
-           JSON, apply, call, charCodeAt, getUTCDate, getUTCFullYear, getUTCHours,
-           getUTCMinutes, getUTCMonth, getUTCSeconds, hasOwnProperty, join,
-           lastIndex, length, parse, prototype, push, replace, slice, stringify,
-           test, toJSON, toString, valueOf
-       */
+                 case float32Tag:
+                 case float64Tag:
+                 case int8Tag:
+                 case int16Tag:
+                 case int32Tag:
+                 case uint8Tag:
+                 case uint8ClampedTag:
+                 case uint16Tag:
+                 case uint32Tag:
+                   return cloneTypedArray(object, isDeep);
 
+                 case mapTag:
+                   return new Ctor();
 
-       // Create a JSON object only if one does not already exist. We create the
-       // methods in a closure to avoid creating global variables.
+                 case numberTag:
+                 case stringTag:
+                   return new Ctor(object);
 
-       if (typeof JSON !== "object") {
-           JSON = {};
-       }
+                 case regexpTag:
+                   return cloneRegExp(object);
 
-       (function () {
+                 case setTag:
+                   return new Ctor();
 
-           var rx_one = /^[\],:{}\s]*$/;
-           var rx_two = /\\(?:["\\\/bfnrt]|u[0-9a-fA-F]{4})/g;
-           var rx_three = /"[^"\\\n\r]*"|true|false|null|-?\d+(?:\.\d*)?(?:[eE][+\-]?\d+)?/g;
-           var rx_four = /(?:^|:|,)(?:\s*\[)+/g;
-           var rx_escapable = /[\\"\u0000-\u001f\u007f-\u009f\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/g;
-           var rx_dangerous = /[\u0000\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/g;
+                 case symbolTag:
+                   return cloneSymbol(object);
+               }
+             }
+             /**
+              * Inserts wrapper `details` in a comment at the top of the `source` body.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {string} source The source to modify.
+              * @returns {Array} details The details to insert.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the modified source.
+              */
 
-           function f(n) {
-               // Format integers to have at least two digits.
-               return n < 10
-                   ? "0" + n
-                   : n;
-           }
 
-           function this_value() {
-               return this.valueOf();
-           }
+             function insertWrapDetails(source, details) {
+               var length = details.length;
 
-           if (typeof Date.prototype.toJSON !== "function") {
+               if (!length) {
+                 return source;
+               }
 
-               Date.prototype.toJSON = function () {
+               var lastIndex = length - 1;
+               details[lastIndex] = (length > 1 ? '& ' : '') + details[lastIndex];
+               details = details.join(length > 2 ? ', ' : ' ');
+               return source.replace(reWrapComment, '{\n/* [wrapped with ' + details + '] */\n');
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is a flattenable `arguments` object or array.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is flattenable, else `false`.
+              */
 
-                   return isFinite(this.valueOf())
-                       ? this.getUTCFullYear() + "-" +
-                               f(this.getUTCMonth() + 1) + "-" +
-                               f(this.getUTCDate()) + "T" +
-                               f(this.getUTCHours()) + ":" +
-                               f(this.getUTCMinutes()) + ":" +
-                               f(this.getUTCSeconds()) + "Z"
-                       : null;
-               };
 
-               Boolean.prototype.toJSON = this_value;
-               Number.prototype.toJSON = this_value;
-               String.prototype.toJSON = this_value;
-           }
+             function isFlattenable(value) {
+               return isArray(value) || isArguments(value) || !!(spreadableSymbol && value && value[spreadableSymbol]);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is a valid array-like index.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @param {number} [length=MAX_SAFE_INTEGER] The upper bounds of a valid index.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a valid index, else `false`.
+              */
 
-           var gap;
-           var indent;
-           var meta;
-           var rep;
 
+             function isIndex(value, length) {
+               var type = _typeof(value);
 
-           function quote(string) {
+               length = length == null ? MAX_SAFE_INTEGER : length;
+               return !!length && (type == 'number' || type != 'symbol' && reIsUint.test(value)) && value > -1 && value % 1 == 0 && value < length;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if the given arguments are from an iteratee call.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The potential iteratee value argument.
+              * @param {*} index The potential iteratee index or key argument.
+              * @param {*} object The potential iteratee object argument.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the arguments are from an iteratee call,
+              *  else `false`.
+              */
 
-       // If the string contains no control characters, no quote characters, and no
-       // backslash characters, then we can safely slap some quotes around it.
-       // Otherwise we must also replace the offending characters with safe escape
-       // sequences.
 
-               rx_escapable.lastIndex = 0;
-               return rx_escapable.test(string)
-                   ? "\"" + string.replace(rx_escapable, function (a) {
-                       var c = meta[a];
-                       return typeof c === "string"
-                           ? c
-                           : "\\u" + ("0000" + a.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-4);
-                   }) + "\""
-                   : "\"" + string + "\"";
-           }
+             function isIterateeCall(value, index, object) {
+               if (!isObject(object)) {
+                 return false;
+               }
 
+               var type = _typeof(index);
 
-           function str(key, holder) {
+               if (type == 'number' ? isArrayLike(object) && isIndex(index, object.length) : type == 'string' && index in object) {
+                 return eq(object[index], value);
+               }
+
+               return false;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is a property name and not a property path.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @param {Object} [object] The object to query keys on.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a property name, else `false`.
+              */
 
-       // Produce a string from holder[key].
 
-               var i;          // The loop counter.
-               var k;          // The member key.
-               var v;          // The member value.
-               var length;
-               var mind = gap;
-               var partial;
-               var value = holder[key];
+             function isKey(value, object) {
+               if (isArray(value)) {
+                 return false;
+               }
 
-       // If the value has a toJSON method, call it to obtain a replacement value.
+               var type = _typeof(value);
 
-               if (value && typeof value === "object" &&
-                       typeof value.toJSON === "function") {
-                   value = value.toJSON(key);
+               if (type == 'number' || type == 'symbol' || type == 'boolean' || value == null || isSymbol(value)) {
+                 return true;
                }
 
-       // If we were called with a replacer function, then call the replacer to
-       // obtain a replacement value.
+               return reIsPlainProp.test(value) || !reIsDeepProp.test(value) || object != null && value in Object(object);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is suitable for use as unique object key.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is suitable, else `false`.
+              */
+
+
+             function isKeyable(value) {
+               var type = _typeof(value);
+
+               return type == 'string' || type == 'number' || type == 'symbol' || type == 'boolean' ? value !== '__proto__' : value === null;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `func` has a lazy counterpart.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `func` has a lazy counterpart,
+              *  else `false`.
+              */
+
+
+             function isLaziable(func) {
+               var funcName = getFuncName(func),
+                   other = lodash[funcName];
 
-               if (typeof rep === "function") {
-                   value = rep.call(holder, key, value);
+               if (typeof other != 'function' || !(funcName in LazyWrapper.prototype)) {
+                 return false;
                }
 
-       // What happens next depends on the value's type.
+               if (func === other) {
+                 return true;
+               }
 
-               switch (typeof value) {
-               case "string":
-                   return quote(value);
+               var data = getData(other);
+               return !!data && func === data[0];
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `func` has its source masked.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `func` is masked, else `false`.
+              */
 
-               case "number":
 
-       // JSON numbers must be finite. Encode non-finite numbers as null.
+             function isMasked(func) {
+               return !!maskSrcKey && maskSrcKey in func;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `func` is capable of being masked.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `func` is maskable, else `false`.
+              */
 
-                   return isFinite(value)
-                       ? String(value)
-                       : "null";
 
-               case "boolean":
-               case "null":
+             var isMaskable = coreJsData ? isFunction : stubFalse;
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is likely a prototype object.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a prototype, else `false`.
+              */
 
-       // If the value is a boolean or null, convert it to a string. Note:
-       // typeof null does not produce "null". The case is included here in
-       // the remote chance that this gets fixed someday.
+             function isPrototype(value) {
+               var Ctor = value && value.constructor,
+                   proto = typeof Ctor == 'function' && Ctor.prototype || objectProto;
+               return value === proto;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is suitable for strict equality comparisons, i.e. `===`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` if suitable for strict
+              *  equality comparisons, else `false`.
+              */
 
-                   return String(value);
 
-       // If the type is "object", we might be dealing with an object or an array or
-       // null.
+             function isStrictComparable(value) {
+               return value === value && !isObject(value);
+             }
+             /**
+              * A specialized version of `matchesProperty` for source values suitable
+              * for strict equality comparisons, i.e. `===`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {string} key The key of the property to get.
+              * @param {*} srcValue The value to match.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new spec function.
+              */
 
-               case "object":
 
-       // Due to a specification blunder in ECMAScript, typeof null is "object",
-       // so watch out for that case.
+             function matchesStrictComparable(key, srcValue) {
+               return function (object) {
+                 if (object == null) {
+                   return false;
+                 }
 
-                   if (!value) {
-                       return "null";
-                   }
+                 return object[key] === srcValue && (srcValue !== undefined$1 || key in Object(object));
+               };
+             }
+             /**
+              * A specialized version of `_.memoize` which clears the memoized function's
+              * cache when it exceeds `MAX_MEMOIZE_SIZE`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to have its output memoized.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new memoized function.
+              */
 
-       // Make an array to hold the partial results of stringifying this object value.
 
-                   gap += indent;
-                   partial = [];
+             function memoizeCapped(func) {
+               var result = memoize(func, function (key) {
+                 if (cache.size === MAX_MEMOIZE_SIZE) {
+                   cache.clear();
+                 }
 
-       // Is the value an array?
+                 return key;
+               });
+               var cache = result.cache;
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Merges the function metadata of `source` into `data`.
+              *
+              * Merging metadata reduces the number of wrappers used to invoke a function.
+              * This is possible because methods like `_.bind`, `_.curry`, and `_.partial`
+              * may be applied regardless of execution order. Methods like `_.ary` and
+              * `_.rearg` modify function arguments, making the order in which they are
+              * executed important, preventing the merging of metadata. However, we make
+              * an exception for a safe combined case where curried functions have `_.ary`
+              * and or `_.rearg` applied.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} data The destination metadata.
+              * @param {Array} source The source metadata.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns `data`.
+              */
 
-                   if (Object.prototype.toString.apply(value) === "[object Array]") {
 
-       // The value is an array. Stringify every element. Use null as a placeholder
-       // for non-JSON values.
+             function mergeData(data, source) {
+               var bitmask = data[1],
+                   srcBitmask = source[1],
+                   newBitmask = bitmask | srcBitmask,
+                   isCommon = newBitmask < (WRAP_BIND_FLAG | WRAP_BIND_KEY_FLAG | WRAP_ARY_FLAG);
+               var isCombo = srcBitmask == WRAP_ARY_FLAG && bitmask == WRAP_CURRY_FLAG || srcBitmask == WRAP_ARY_FLAG && bitmask == WRAP_REARG_FLAG && data[7].length <= source[8] || srcBitmask == (WRAP_ARY_FLAG | WRAP_REARG_FLAG) && source[7].length <= source[8] && bitmask == WRAP_CURRY_FLAG; // Exit early if metadata can't be merged.
 
-                       length = value.length;
-                       for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
-                           partial[i] = str(i, value) || "null";
-                       }
+               if (!(isCommon || isCombo)) {
+                 return data;
+               } // Use source `thisArg` if available.
 
-       // Join all of the elements together, separated with commas, and wrap them in
-       // brackets.
 
-                       v = partial.length === 0
-                           ? "[]"
-                           : gap
-                               ? "[\n" + gap + partial.join(",\n" + gap) + "\n" + mind + "]"
-                               : "[" + partial.join(",") + "]";
-                       gap = mind;
-                       return v;
-                   }
+               if (srcBitmask & WRAP_BIND_FLAG) {
+                 data[2] = source[2]; // Set when currying a bound function.
 
-       // If the replacer is an array, use it to select the members to be stringified.
-
-                   if (rep && typeof rep === "object") {
-                       length = rep.length;
-                       for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
-                           if (typeof rep[i] === "string") {
-                               k = rep[i];
-                               v = str(k, value);
-                               if (v) {
-                                   partial.push(quote(k) + (
-                                       gap
-                                           ? ": "
-                                           : ":"
-                                   ) + v);
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                   } else {
+                 newBitmask |= bitmask & WRAP_BIND_FLAG ? 0 : WRAP_CURRY_BOUND_FLAG;
+               } // Compose partial arguments.
 
-       // Otherwise, iterate through all of the keys in the object.
-
-                       for (k in value) {
-                           if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(value, k)) {
-                               v = str(k, value);
-                               if (v) {
-                                   partial.push(quote(k) + (
-                                       gap
-                                           ? ": "
-                                           : ":"
-                                   ) + v);
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
 
-       // Join all of the member texts together, separated with commas,
-       // and wrap them in braces.
+               var value = source[3];
 
-                   v = partial.length === 0
-                       ? "{}"
-                       : gap
-                           ? "{\n" + gap + partial.join(",\n" + gap) + "\n" + mind + "}"
-                           : "{" + partial.join(",") + "}";
-                   gap = mind;
-                   return v;
-               }
-           }
+               if (value) {
+                 var partials = data[3];
+                 data[3] = partials ? composeArgs(partials, value, source[4]) : value;
+                 data[4] = partials ? replaceHolders(data[3], PLACEHOLDER) : source[4];
+               } // Compose partial right arguments.
 
-       // If the JSON object does not yet have a stringify method, give it one.
 
-           if (typeof JSON.stringify !== "function") {
-               meta = {    // table of character substitutions
-                   "\b": "\\b",
-                   "\t": "\\t",
-                   "\n": "\\n",
-                   "\f": "\\f",
-                   "\r": "\\r",
-                   "\"": "\\\"",
-                   "\\": "\\\\"
-               };
-               JSON.stringify = function (value, replacer, space) {
+               value = source[5];
 
-       // The stringify method takes a value and an optional replacer, and an optional
-       // space parameter, and returns a JSON text. The replacer can be a function
-       // that can replace values, or an array of strings that will select the keys.
-       // A default replacer method can be provided. Use of the space parameter can
-       // produce text that is more easily readable.
+               if (value) {
+                 partials = data[5];
+                 data[5] = partials ? composeArgsRight(partials, value, source[6]) : value;
+                 data[6] = partials ? replaceHolders(data[5], PLACEHOLDER) : source[6];
+               } // Use source `argPos` if available.
 
-                   var i;
-                   gap = "";
-                   indent = "";
 
-       // If the space parameter is a number, make an indent string containing that
-       // many spaces.
+               value = source[7];
 
-                   if (typeof space === "number") {
-                       for (i = 0; i < space; i += 1) {
-                           indent += " ";
-                       }
+               if (value) {
+                 data[7] = value;
+               } // Use source `ary` if it's smaller.
 
-       // If the space parameter is a string, it will be used as the indent string.
 
-                   } else if (typeof space === "string") {
-                       indent = space;
-                   }
+               if (srcBitmask & WRAP_ARY_FLAG) {
+                 data[8] = data[8] == null ? source[8] : nativeMin(data[8], source[8]);
+               } // Use source `arity` if one is not provided.
 
-       // If there is a replacer, it must be a function or an array.
-       // Otherwise, throw an error.
 
-                   rep = replacer;
-                   if (replacer && typeof replacer !== "function" &&
-                           (typeof replacer !== "object" ||
-                           typeof replacer.length !== "number")) {
-                       throw new Error("JSON.stringify");
-                   }
+               if (data[9] == null) {
+                 data[9] = source[9];
+               } // Use source `func` and merge bitmasks.
 
-       // Make a fake root object containing our value under the key of "".
-       // Return the result of stringifying the value.
 
-                   return str("", {"": value});
-               };
-           }
+               data[0] = source[0];
+               data[1] = newBitmask;
+               return data;
+             }
+             /**
+              * This function is like
+              * [`Object.keys`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-object.keys)
+              * except that it includes inherited enumerable properties.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the array of property names.
+              */
 
 
-       // If the JSON object does not yet have a parse method, give it one.
+             function nativeKeysIn(object) {
+               var result = [];
 
-           if (typeof JSON.parse !== "function") {
-               JSON.parse = function (text, reviver) {
+               if (object != null) {
+                 for (var key in Object(object)) {
+                   result.push(key);
+                 }
+               }
 
-       // The parse method takes a text and an optional reviver function, and returns
-       // a JavaScript value if the text is a valid JSON text.
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `value` to a string using `Object.prototype.toString`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to convert.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the converted string.
+              */
 
-                   var j;
 
-                   function walk(holder, key) {
-
-       // The walk method is used to recursively walk the resulting structure so
-       // that modifications can be made.
-
-                       var k;
-                       var v;
-                       var value = holder[key];
-                       if (value && typeof value === "object") {
-                           for (k in value) {
-                               if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(value, k)) {
-                                   v = walk(value, k);
-                                   if (v !== undefined) {
-                                       value[k] = v;
-                                   } else {
-                                       delete value[k];
-                                   }
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                       return reviver.call(holder, key, value);
-                   }
+             function objectToString(value) {
+               return nativeObjectToString.call(value);
+             }
+             /**
+              * A specialized version of `baseRest` which transforms the rest array.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to apply a rest parameter to.
+              * @param {number} [start=func.length-1] The start position of the rest parameter.
+              * @param {Function} transform The rest array transform.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
+              */
 
 
-       // Parsing happens in four stages. In the first stage, we replace certain
-       // Unicode characters with escape sequences. JavaScript handles many characters
-       // incorrectly, either silently deleting them, or treating them as line endings.
+             function overRest(func, start, transform) {
+               start = nativeMax(start === undefined$1 ? func.length - 1 : start, 0);
+               return function () {
+                 var args = arguments,
+                     index = -1,
+                     length = nativeMax(args.length - start, 0),
+                     array = Array(length);
 
-                   text = String(text);
-                   rx_dangerous.lastIndex = 0;
-                   if (rx_dangerous.test(text)) {
-                       text = text.replace(rx_dangerous, function (a) {
-                           return "\\u" +
-                                   ("0000" + a.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-4);
-                       });
-                   }
+                 while (++index < length) {
+                   array[index] = args[start + index];
+                 }
 
-       // In the second stage, we run the text against regular expressions that look
-       // for non-JSON patterns. We are especially concerned with "()" and "new"
-       // because they can cause invocation, and "=" because it can cause mutation.
-       // But just to be safe, we want to reject all unexpected forms.
-
-       // We split the second stage into 4 regexp operations in order to work around
-       // crippling inefficiencies in IE's and Safari's regexp engines. First we
-       // replace the JSON backslash pairs with "@" (a non-JSON character). Second, we
-       // replace all simple value tokens with "]" characters. Third, we delete all
-       // open brackets that follow a colon or comma or that begin the text. Finally,
-       // we look to see that the remaining characters are only whitespace or "]" or
-       // "," or ":" or "{" or "}". If that is so, then the text is safe for eval.
-
-                   if (
-                       rx_one.test(
-                           text
-                               .replace(rx_two, "@")
-                               .replace(rx_three, "]")
-                               .replace(rx_four, "")
-                       )
-                   ) {
-
-       // In the third stage we use the eval function to compile the text into a
-       // JavaScript structure. The "{" operator is subject to a syntactic ambiguity
-       // in JavaScript: it can begin a block or an object literal. We wrap the text
-       // in parens to eliminate the ambiguity.
-
-                       j = eval("(" + text + ")");
-
-       // In the optional fourth stage, we recursively walk the new structure, passing
-       // each name/value pair to a reviver function for possible transformation.
-
-                       return (typeof reviver === "function")
-                           ? walk({"": j}, "")
-                           : j;
-                   }
+                 index = -1;
+                 var otherArgs = Array(start + 1);
 
-       // If the text is not JSON parseable, then a SyntaxError is thrown.
+                 while (++index < start) {
+                   otherArgs[index] = args[index];
+                 }
 
-                   throw new SyntaxError("JSON.parse");
+                 otherArgs[start] = transform(array);
+                 return apply(func, this, otherArgs);
                };
-           }
-       }());
-
-       var json2 = json2Plugin;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the parent value at `path` of `object`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @param {Array} path The path to get the parent value of.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the parent value.
+              */
 
-       function json2Plugin() {
-               
-               return {}
-       }
 
-       var plugins = [json2];
+             function parent(object, path) {
+               return path.length < 2 ? object : baseGet(object, baseSlice(path, 0, -1));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Reorder `array` according to the specified indexes where the element at
+              * the first index is assigned as the first element, the element at
+              * the second index is assigned as the second element, and so on.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to reorder.
+              * @param {Array} indexes The arranged array indexes.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
+              */
 
-       var store_legacy = storeEngine.createStore(all, plugins);
 
-       // # osm-auth
-       //
-       // This code is only compatible with IE10+ because the [XDomainRequest](http://bit.ly/LfO7xo)
-       // object, IE<10's idea of [CORS](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-origin_resource_sharing),
-       // does not support custom headers, which this uses everywhere.
-       var osmAuth = function(o) {
+             function reorder(array, indexes) {
+               var arrLength = array.length,
+                   length = nativeMin(indexes.length, arrLength),
+                   oldArray = copyArray(array);
 
-           var oauth = {};
+               while (length--) {
+                 var index = indexes[length];
+                 array[length] = isIndex(index, arrLength) ? oldArray[index] : undefined$1;
+               }
 
-           // authenticated users will also have a request token secret, but it's
-           // not used in transactions with the server
-           oauth.authenticated = function() {
-               return !!(token('oauth_token') && token('oauth_token_secret'));
-           };
+               return array;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the value at `key`, unless `key` is "__proto__" or "constructor".
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @param {string} key The key of the property to get.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the property value.
+              */
 
-           oauth.logout = function() {
-               token('oauth_token', '');
-               token('oauth_token_secret', '');
-               token('oauth_request_token_secret', '');
-               return oauth;
-           };
 
-           // TODO: detect lack of click event
-           oauth.authenticate = function(callback) {
-               if (oauth.authenticated()) return callback();
-
-               oauth.logout();
-
-               // ## Getting a request token
-               var params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
-                   url = o.url + '/oauth/request_token';
-
-               params.oauth_signature = ohauth_1.signature(
-                   o.oauth_secret, '',
-                   ohauth_1.baseString('POST', url, params));
-
-               if (!o.singlepage) {
-                   // Create a 600x550 popup window in the center of the screen
-                   var w = 600, h = 550,
-                       settings = [
-                           ['width', w], ['height', h],
-                           ['left', screen.width / 2 - w / 2],
-                           ['top', screen.height / 2 - h / 2]].map(function(x) {
-                               return x.join('=');
-                           }).join(','),
-                       popup = window.open('about:blank', 'oauth_window', settings);
-               }
-
-               // Request a request token. When this is complete, the popup
-               // window is redirected to OSM's authorization page.
-               ohauth_1.xhr('POST', url, params, null, {}, reqTokenDone);
-               o.loading();
-
-               function reqTokenDone(err, xhr) {
-                   o.done();
-                   if (err) return callback(err);
-                   var resp = ohauth_1.stringQs(xhr.response);
-                   token('oauth_request_token_secret', resp.oauth_token_secret);
-                   var authorize_url = o.url + '/oauth/authorize?' + ohauth_1.qsString({
-                       oauth_token: resp.oauth_token,
-                       oauth_callback: resolveUrl$1(o.landing)
-                   });
+             function safeGet(object, key) {
+               if (key === 'constructor' && typeof object[key] === 'function') {
+                 return;
+               }
 
-                   if (o.singlepage) {
-                       location.href = authorize_url;
-                   } else {
-                       popup.location = authorize_url;
-                   }
+               if (key == '__proto__') {
+                 return;
                }
 
-               // Called by a function in a landing page, in the popup window. The
-               // window closes itself.
-               window.authComplete = function(token) {
-                   var oauth_token = ohauth_1.stringQs(token.split('?')[1]);
-                   get_access_token(oauth_token.oauth_token);
-                   delete window.authComplete;
-               };
+               return object[key];
+             }
+             /**
+              * Sets metadata for `func`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** If this function becomes hot, i.e. is invoked a lot in a short
+              * period of time, it will trip its breaker and transition to an identity
+              * function to avoid garbage collection pauses in V8. See
+              * [V8 issue 2070](https://bugs.chromium.org/p/v8/issues/detail?id=2070)
+              * for more details.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to associate metadata with.
+              * @param {*} data The metadata.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns `func`.
+              */
 
-               // ## Getting an request token
-               //
-               // At this point we have an `oauth_token`, brought in from a function
-               // call on a landing page popup.
-               function get_access_token(oauth_token) {
-                   var url = o.url + '/oauth/access_token',
-                       params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
-                       request_token_secret = token('oauth_request_token_secret');
-                   params.oauth_token = oauth_token;
-                   params.oauth_signature = ohauth_1.signature(
-                       o.oauth_secret,
-                       request_token_secret,
-                       ohauth_1.baseString('POST', url, params));
-
-                   // ## Getting an access token
-                   //
-                   // The final token required for authentication. At this point
-                   // we have a `request token secret`
-                   ohauth_1.xhr('POST', url, params, null, {}, accessTokenDone);
-                   o.loading();
-               }
-
-               function accessTokenDone(err, xhr) {
-                   o.done();
-                   if (err) return callback(err);
-                   var access_token = ohauth_1.stringQs(xhr.response);
-                   token('oauth_token', access_token.oauth_token);
-                   token('oauth_token_secret', access_token.oauth_token_secret);
-                   callback(null, oauth);
-               }
-           };
 
-           oauth.bootstrapToken = function(oauth_token, callback) {
-               // ## Getting an request token
-               // At this point we have an `oauth_token`, brought in from a function
-               // call on a landing page popup.
-               function get_access_token(oauth_token) {
-                   var url = o.url + '/oauth/access_token',
-                       params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
-                       request_token_secret = token('oauth_request_token_secret');
-                   params.oauth_token = oauth_token;
-                   params.oauth_signature = ohauth_1.signature(
-                       o.oauth_secret,
-                       request_token_secret,
-                       ohauth_1.baseString('POST', url, params));
-
-                   // ## Getting an access token
-                   // The final token required for authentication. At this point
-                   // we have a `request token secret`
-                   ohauth_1.xhr('POST', url, params, null, {}, accessTokenDone);
-                   o.loading();
-               }
-
-               function accessTokenDone(err, xhr) {
-                   o.done();
-                   if (err) return callback(err);
-                   var access_token = ohauth_1.stringQs(xhr.response);
-                   token('oauth_token', access_token.oauth_token);
-                   token('oauth_token_secret', access_token.oauth_token_secret);
-                   callback(null, oauth);
-               }
-
-               get_access_token(oauth_token);
-           };
+             var setData = shortOut(baseSetData);
+             /**
+              * A simple wrapper around the global [`setTimeout`](https://mdn.io/setTimeout).
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to delay.
+              * @param {number} wait The number of milliseconds to delay invocation.
+              * @returns {number|Object} Returns the timer id or timeout object.
+              */
 
-           // # xhr
-           //
-           // A single XMLHttpRequest wrapper that does authenticated calls if the
-           // user has logged in.
-           oauth.xhr = function(options, callback) {
-               if (!oauth.authenticated()) {
-                   if (o.auto) {
-                       return oauth.authenticate(run);
-                   } else {
-                       callback('not authenticated', null);
-                       return;
-                   }
-               } else {
-                   return run();
-               }
-
-               function run() {
-                   var params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
-                       oauth_token_secret = token('oauth_token_secret'),
-                       url = (options.prefix !== false) ? o.url + options.path : options.path,
-                       url_parts = url.replace(/#.*$/, '').split('?', 2),
-                       base_url = url_parts[0],
-                       query = (url_parts.length === 2) ? url_parts[1] : '';
-
-                   // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5849#section-3.4.1.3.1
-                   if ((!options.options || !options.options.header ||
-                       options.options.header['Content-Type'] === 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded') &&
-                       options.content) {
-                       params = immutable(params, ohauth_1.stringQs(options.content));
-                   }
+             var setTimeout = ctxSetTimeout || function (func, wait) {
+               return root.setTimeout(func, wait);
+             };
+             /**
+              * Sets the `toString` method of `func` to return `string`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to modify.
+              * @param {Function} string The `toString` result.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns `func`.
+              */
 
-                   params.oauth_token = token('oauth_token');
-                   params.oauth_signature = ohauth_1.signature(
-                       o.oauth_secret,
-                       oauth_token_secret,
-                       ohauth_1.baseString(options.method, base_url, immutable(params, ohauth_1.stringQs(query)))
-                   );
 
-                   return ohauth_1.xhr(options.method, url, params, options.content, options.options, done);
-               }
+             var setToString = shortOut(baseSetToString);
+             /**
+              * Sets the `toString` method of `wrapper` to mimic the source of `reference`
+              * with wrapper details in a comment at the top of the source body.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} wrapper The function to modify.
+              * @param {Function} reference The reference function.
+              * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `createWrap` for more details.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns `wrapper`.
+              */
 
-               function done(err, xhr) {
-                   if (err) return callback(err);
-                   else if (xhr.responseXML) return callback(err, xhr.responseXML);
-                   else return callback(err, xhr.response);
-               }
-           };
+             function setWrapToString(wrapper, reference, bitmask) {
+               var source = reference + '';
+               return setToString(wrapper, insertWrapDetails(source, updateWrapDetails(getWrapDetails(source), bitmask)));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that'll short out and invoke `identity` instead
+              * of `func` when it's called `HOT_COUNT` or more times in `HOT_SPAN`
+              * milliseconds.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to restrict.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new shortable function.
+              */
 
-           // pre-authorize this object, if we can just get a token and token_secret
-           // from the start
-           oauth.preauth = function(c) {
-               if (!c) return;
-               if (c.oauth_token) token('oauth_token', c.oauth_token);
-               if (c.oauth_token_secret) token('oauth_token_secret', c.oauth_token_secret);
-               return oauth;
-           };
 
-           oauth.options = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return o;
+             function shortOut(func) {
+               var count = 0,
+                   lastCalled = 0;
+               return function () {
+                 var stamp = nativeNow(),
+                     remaining = HOT_SPAN - (stamp - lastCalled);
+                 lastCalled = stamp;
 
-               o = _;
-               o.url = o.url || 'https://www.openstreetmap.org';
-               o.landing = o.landing || 'land.html';
-               o.singlepage = o.singlepage || false;
+                 if (remaining > 0) {
+                   if (++count >= HOT_COUNT) {
+                     return arguments[0];
+                   }
+                 } else {
+                   count = 0;
+                 }
 
-               // Optional loading and loading-done functions for nice UI feedback.
-               // by default, no-ops
-               o.loading = o.loading || function() {};
-               o.done = o.done || function() {};
+                 return func.apply(undefined$1, arguments);
+               };
+             }
+             /**
+              * A specialized version of `_.shuffle` which mutates and sets the size of `array`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Array} array The array to shuffle.
+              * @param {number} [size=array.length] The size of `array`.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
+              */
 
-               return oauth.preauth(o);
-           };
 
-           // 'stamp' an authentication object from `getAuth()`
-           // with a [nonce](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce)
-           // and timestamp
-           function timenonce(o) {
-               o.oauth_timestamp = ohauth_1.timestamp();
-               o.oauth_nonce = ohauth_1.nonce();
-               return o;
-           }
+             function shuffleSelf(array, size) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = array.length,
+                   lastIndex = length - 1;
+               size = size === undefined$1 ? length : size;
 
-           // get/set tokens. These are prefixed with the base URL so that `osm-auth`
-           // can be used with multiple APIs and the keys in `localStorage`
-           // will not clash
-           var token;
+               while (++index < size) {
+                 var rand = baseRandom(index, lastIndex),
+                     value = array[rand];
+                 array[rand] = array[index];
+                 array[index] = value;
+               }
 
-           if (store_legacy.enabled) {
-               token = function (x, y) {
-                   if (arguments.length === 1) return store_legacy.get(o.url + x);
-                   else if (arguments.length === 2) return store_legacy.set(o.url + x, y);
-               };
-           } else {
-               var storage = {};
-               token = function (x, y) {
-                   if (arguments.length === 1) return storage[o.url + x];
-                   else if (arguments.length === 2) return storage[o.url + x] = y;
-               };
-           }
+               array.length = size;
+               return array;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `string` to a property path array.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {string} string The string to convert.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the property path array.
+              */
 
-           // Get an authentication object. If you just add and remove properties
-           // from a single object, you'll need to use `delete` to make sure that
-           // it doesn't contain undesired properties for authentication
-           function getAuth(o) {
-               return {
-                   oauth_consumer_key: o.oauth_consumer_key,
-                   oauth_signature_method: 'HMAC-SHA1'
-               };
-           }
 
-           // potentially pre-authorize
-           oauth.options(o);
+             var stringToPath = memoizeCapped(function (string) {
+               var result = [];
 
-           return oauth;
-       };
+               if (string.charCodeAt(0) === 46
+               /* . */
+               ) {
+                 result.push('');
+               }
 
-       var JXON = new (function () {
-         var
-           sValueProp = 'keyValue', sAttributesProp = 'keyAttributes', sAttrPref = '@', /* you can customize these values */
-           aCache = [], rIsNull = /^\s*$/, rIsBool = /^(?:true|false)$/i;
+               string.replace(rePropName, function (match, number, quote, subString) {
+                 result.push(quote ? subString.replace(reEscapeChar, '$1') : number || match);
+               });
+               return result;
+             });
+             /**
+              * Converts `value` to a string key if it's not a string or symbol.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {*} value The value to inspect.
+              * @returns {string|symbol} Returns the key.
+              */
 
-         function parseText (sValue) {
-           if (rIsNull.test(sValue)) { return null; }
-           if (rIsBool.test(sValue)) { return sValue.toLowerCase() === 'true'; }
-           if (isFinite(sValue)) { return parseFloat(sValue); }
-           if (isFinite(Date.parse(sValue))) { return new Date(sValue); }
-           return sValue;
-         }
+             function toKey(value) {
+               if (typeof value == 'string' || isSymbol(value)) {
+                 return value;
+               }
 
-         function EmptyTree () { }
-         EmptyTree.prototype.toString = function () { return 'null'; };
-         EmptyTree.prototype.valueOf = function () { return null; };
+               var result = value + '';
+               return result == '0' && 1 / value == -INFINITY ? '-0' : result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `func` to its source code.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Function} func The function to convert.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the source code.
+              */
 
-         function objectify (vValue) {
-           return vValue === null ? new EmptyTree() : vValue instanceof Object ? vValue : new vValue.constructor(vValue);
-         }
 
-         function createObjTree (oParentNode, nVerb, bFreeze, bNesteAttr) {
-           var
-             nLevelStart = aCache.length, bChildren = oParentNode.hasChildNodes(),
-             bAttributes = oParentNode.hasAttributes(), bHighVerb = Boolean(nVerb & 2);
+             function toSource(func) {
+               if (func != null) {
+                 try {
+                   return funcToString.call(func);
+                 } catch (e) {}
 
-           var
-             sProp, vContent, nLength = 0, sCollectedTxt = '',
-             vResult = bHighVerb ? {} : /* put here the default value for empty nodes: */ true;
+                 try {
+                   return func + '';
+                 } catch (e) {}
+               }
 
-           if (bChildren) {
-             for (var oNode, nItem = 0; nItem < oParentNode.childNodes.length; nItem++) {
-               oNode = oParentNode.childNodes.item(nItem);
-               if (oNode.nodeType === 4) { sCollectedTxt += oNode.nodeValue; } /* nodeType is 'CDATASection' (4) */
-               else if (oNode.nodeType === 3) { sCollectedTxt += oNode.nodeValue.trim(); } /* nodeType is 'Text' (3) */
-               else if (oNode.nodeType === 1 && !oNode.prefix) { aCache.push(oNode); } /* nodeType is 'Element' (1) */
+               return '';
              }
-           }
+             /**
+              * Updates wrapper `details` based on `bitmask` flags.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @returns {Array} details The details to modify.
+              * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `createWrap` for more details.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns `details`.
+              */
 
-           var nLevelEnd = aCache.length, vBuiltVal = parseText(sCollectedTxt);
 
-           if (!bHighVerb && (bChildren || bAttributes)) { vResult = nVerb === 0 ? objectify(vBuiltVal) : {}; }
+             function updateWrapDetails(details, bitmask) {
+               arrayEach(wrapFlags, function (pair) {
+                 var value = '_.' + pair[0];
 
-           for (var nElId = nLevelStart; nElId < nLevelEnd; nElId++) {
-             sProp = aCache[nElId].nodeName.toLowerCase();
-             vContent = createObjTree(aCache[nElId], nVerb, bFreeze, bNesteAttr);
-             if (vResult.hasOwnProperty(sProp)) {
-               if (vResult[sProp].constructor !== Array) { vResult[sProp] = [vResult[sProp]]; }
-               vResult[sProp].push(vContent);
-             } else {
-               vResult[sProp] = vContent;
-               nLength++;
+                 if (bitmask & pair[1] && !arrayIncludes(details, value)) {
+                   details.push(value);
+                 }
+               });
+               return details.sort();
              }
-           }
+             /**
+              * Creates a clone of `wrapper`.
+              *
+              * @private
+              * @param {Object} wrapper The wrapper to clone.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the cloned wrapper.
+              */
 
-           if (bAttributes) {
-             var
-               nAttrLen = oParentNode.attributes.length,
-               sAPrefix = bNesteAttr ? '' : sAttrPref, oAttrParent = bNesteAttr ? {} : vResult;
 
-             for (var oAttrib, nAttrib = 0; nAttrib < nAttrLen; nLength++, nAttrib++) {
-               oAttrib = oParentNode.attributes.item(nAttrib);
-               oAttrParent[sAPrefix + oAttrib.name.toLowerCase()] = parseText(oAttrib.value.trim());
-             }
+             function wrapperClone(wrapper) {
+               if (wrapper instanceof LazyWrapper) {
+                 return wrapper.clone();
+               }
 
-             if (bNesteAttr) {
-               if (bFreeze) { Object.freeze(oAttrParent); }
-               vResult[sAttributesProp] = oAttrParent;
-               nLength -= nAttrLen - 1;
+               var result = new LodashWrapper(wrapper.__wrapped__, wrapper.__chain__);
+               result.__actions__ = copyArray(wrapper.__actions__);
+               result.__index__ = wrapper.__index__;
+               result.__values__ = wrapper.__values__;
+               return result;
              }
-           }
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-           if (nVerb === 3 || (nVerb === 2 || nVerb === 1 && nLength > 0) && sCollectedTxt) {
-             vResult[sValueProp] = vBuiltVal;
-           } else if (!bHighVerb && nLength === 0 && sCollectedTxt) {
-             vResult = vBuiltVal;
-           }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of elements split into groups the length of `size`.
+              * If `array` can't be split evenly, the final chunk will be the remaining
+              * elements.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to process.
+              * @param {number} [size=1] The length of each chunk
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of chunks.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.chunk(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'], 2);
+              * // => [['a', 'b'], ['c', 'd']]
+              *
+              * _.chunk(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'], 3);
+              * // => [['a', 'b', 'c'], ['d']]
+              */
 
-           if (bFreeze && (bHighVerb || nLength > 0)) { Object.freeze(vResult); }
 
-           aCache.length = nLevelStart;
+             function chunk(array, size, guard) {
+               if (guard ? isIterateeCall(array, size, guard) : size === undefined$1) {
+                 size = 1;
+               } else {
+                 size = nativeMax(toInteger(size), 0);
+               }
 
-           return vResult;
-         }
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
-         function loadObjTree (oXMLDoc, oParentEl, oParentObj) {
-           var vValue, oChild;
+               if (!length || size < 1) {
+                 return [];
+               }
 
-           if (oParentObj instanceof String || oParentObj instanceof Number || oParentObj instanceof Boolean) {
-             oParentEl.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(oParentObj.toString())); /* verbosity level is 0 */
-           } else if (oParentObj.constructor === Date) {
-             oParentEl.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(oParentObj.toGMTString()));    
-           }
+               var index = 0,
+                   resIndex = 0,
+                   result = Array(nativeCeil(length / size));
 
-           for (var sName in oParentObj) {
-             vValue = oParentObj[sName];
-             if (isFinite(sName) || vValue instanceof Function) { continue; } /* verbosity level is 0 */
-             if (sName === sValueProp) {
-               if (vValue !== null && vValue !== true) { oParentEl.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(vValue.constructor === Date ? vValue.toGMTString() : String(vValue))); }
-             } else if (sName === sAttributesProp) { /* verbosity level is 3 */
-               for (var sAttrib in vValue) { oParentEl.setAttribute(sAttrib, vValue[sAttrib]); }
-             } else if (sName.charAt(0) === sAttrPref) {
-               oParentEl.setAttribute(sName.slice(1), vValue);
-             } else if (vValue.constructor === Array) {
-               for (var nItem = 0; nItem < vValue.length; nItem++) {
-                 oChild = oXMLDoc.createElement(sName);
-                 loadObjTree(oXMLDoc, oChild, vValue[nItem]);
-                 oParentEl.appendChild(oChild);
+               while (index < length) {
+                 result[resIndex++] = baseSlice(array, index, index += size);
                }
-             } else {
-               oChild = oXMLDoc.createElement(sName);
-               if (vValue instanceof Object) {
-                 loadObjTree(oXMLDoc, oChild, vValue);
-               } else if (vValue !== null && vValue !== true) {
-                 oChild.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(vValue.toString()));
-               }
-               oParentEl.appendChild(oChild);
-            }
-          }
-         }
 
-         this.build = function (oXMLParent, nVerbosity /* optional */, bFreeze /* optional */, bNesteAttributes /* optional */) {
-           var _nVerb = arguments.length > 1 && typeof nVerbosity === 'number' ? nVerbosity & 3 : /* put here the default verbosity level: */ 1;
-           return createObjTree(oXMLParent, _nVerb, bFreeze || false, arguments.length > 3 ? bNesteAttributes : _nVerb === 3);    
-         };
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array with all falsey values removed. The values `false`, `null`,
+              * `0`, `""`, `undefined`, and `NaN` are falsey.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to compact.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of filtered values.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.compact([0, 1, false, 2, '', 3]);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3]
+              */
 
-         this.unbuild = function (oObjTree) {    
-           var oNewDoc = document.implementation.createDocument('', '', null);
-           loadObjTree(oNewDoc, oNewDoc, oObjTree);
-           return oNewDoc;
-         };
 
-         this.stringify = function (oObjTree) {
-           return (new XMLSerializer()).serializeToString(JXON.unbuild(oObjTree));
-         };
-       })();
+             function compact(array) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = array == null ? 0 : array.length,
+                   resIndex = 0,
+                   result = [];
 
-       // var myObject = JXON.build(doc);
-       // we got our javascript object! try: alert(JSON.stringify(myObject));
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var value = array[index];
 
-       // var newDoc = JXON.unbuild(myObject);
-       // we got our Document instance! try: alert((new XMLSerializer()).serializeToString(newDoc));
+                 if (value) {
+                   result[resIndex++] = value;
+                 }
+               }
 
-       var tiler$5 = utilTiler();
-       var dispatch$6 = dispatch('apiStatusChange', 'authLoading', 'authDone', 'change', 'loading', 'loaded', 'loadedNotes');
-       var urlroot = 'https://www.openstreetmap.org';
-       var oauth = osmAuth({
-           url: urlroot,
-           oauth_consumer_key: '5A043yRSEugj4DJ5TljuapfnrflWDte8jTOcWLlT',
-           oauth_secret: 'aB3jKq1TRsCOUrfOIZ6oQMEDmv2ptV76PA54NGLL',
-           loading: authLoading,
-           done: authDone
-       });
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a new array concatenating `array` with any additional arrays
+              * and/or values.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to concatenate.
+              * @param {...*} [values] The values to concatenate.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new concatenated array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = [1];
+              * var other = _.concat(array, 2, [3], [[4]]);
+              *
+              * console.log(other);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3, [4]]
+              *
+              * console.log(array);
+              * // => [1]
+              */
 
-       var _blacklists = ['.*\.google(apis)?\..*/(vt|kh)[\?/].*([xyz]=.*){3}.*'];
-       var _tileCache = { toLoad: {}, loaded: {}, inflight: {}, seen: {}, rtree: new RBush() };
-       var _noteCache = { toLoad: {}, loaded: {}, inflight: {}, inflightPost: {}, note: {}, closed: {}, rtree: new RBush() };
-       var _userCache = { toLoad: {}, user: {} };
-       var _cachedApiStatus;
-       var _changeset = {};
 
-       var _deferred = new Set();
-       var _connectionID = 1;
-       var _tileZoom$3 = 16;
-       var _noteZoom = 12;
-       var _rateLimitError;
-       var _userChangesets;
-       var _userDetails;
-       var _off;
+             function concat() {
+               var length = arguments.length;
 
-       // set a default but also load this from the API status
-       var _maxWayNodes = 2000;
+               if (!length) {
+                 return [];
+               }
 
+               var args = Array(length - 1),
+                   array = arguments[0],
+                   index = length;
 
-       function authLoading() {
-           dispatch$6.call('authLoading');
-       }
+               while (index--) {
+                 args[index - 1] = arguments[index];
+               }
 
+               return arrayPush(isArray(array) ? copyArray(array) : [array], baseFlatten(args, 1));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of `array` values not included in the other given arrays
+              * using [`SameValueZero`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-samevaluezero)
+              * for equality comparisons. The order and references of result values are
+              * determined by the first array.
+              *
+              * **Note:** Unlike `_.pullAll`, this method returns a new array.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {...Array} [values] The values to exclude.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of filtered values.
+              * @see _.without, _.xor
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.difference([2, 1], [2, 3]);
+              * // => [1]
+              */
 
-       function authDone() {
-           dispatch$6.call('authDone');
-       }
 
+             var difference = baseRest(function (array, values) {
+               return isArrayLikeObject(array) ? baseDifference(array, baseFlatten(values, 1, isArrayLikeObject, true)) : [];
+             });
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.difference` except that it accepts `iteratee` which
+              * is invoked for each element of `array` and `values` to generate the criterion
+              * by which they're compared. The order and references of result values are
+              * determined by the first array. The iteratee is invoked with one argument:
+              * (value).
+              *
+              * **Note:** Unlike `_.pullAllBy`, this method returns a new array.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {...Array} [values] The values to exclude.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of filtered values.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.differenceBy([2.1, 1.2], [2.3, 3.4], Math.floor);
+              * // => [1.2]
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.differenceBy([{ 'x': 2 }, { 'x': 1 }], [{ 'x': 1 }], 'x');
+              * // => [{ 'x': 2 }]
+              */
 
-       function abortRequest$5(controllerOrXHR) {
-           if (controllerOrXHR) {
-               controllerOrXHR.abort();
-           }
-       }
+             var differenceBy = baseRest(function (array, values) {
+               var iteratee = last(values);
 
+               if (isArrayLikeObject(iteratee)) {
+                 iteratee = undefined$1;
+               }
 
-       function hasInflightRequests(cache) {
-           return Object.keys(cache.inflight).length;
-       }
+               return isArrayLikeObject(array) ? baseDifference(array, baseFlatten(values, 1, isArrayLikeObject, true), getIteratee(iteratee, 2)) : [];
+             });
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.difference` except that it accepts `comparator`
+              * which is invoked to compare elements of `array` to `values`. The order and
+              * references of result values are determined by the first array. The comparator
+              * is invoked with two arguments: (arrVal, othVal).
+              *
+              * **Note:** Unlike `_.pullAllWith`, this method returns a new array.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {...Array} [values] The values to exclude.
+              * @param {Function} [comparator] The comparator invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of filtered values.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [{ 'x': 1, 'y': 2 }, { 'x': 2, 'y': 1 }];
+              *
+              * _.differenceWith(objects, [{ 'x': 1, 'y': 2 }], _.isEqual);
+              * // => [{ 'x': 2, 'y': 1 }]
+              */
 
+             var differenceWith = baseRest(function (array, values) {
+               var comparator = last(values);
 
-       function abortUnwantedRequests$3(cache, visibleTiles) {
-           Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function(k) {
-               if (cache.toLoad[k]) return;
-               if (visibleTiles.find(function(tile) { return k === tile.id; })) return;
+               if (isArrayLikeObject(comparator)) {
+                 comparator = undefined$1;
+               }
 
-               abortRequest$5(cache.inflight[k]);
-               delete cache.inflight[k];
-           });
-       }
+               return isArrayLikeObject(array) ? baseDifference(array, baseFlatten(values, 1, isArrayLikeObject, true), undefined$1, comparator) : [];
+             });
+             /**
+              * Creates a slice of `array` with `n` elements dropped from the beginning.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.5.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+              * @param {number} [n=1] The number of elements to drop.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.drop([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => [2, 3]
+              *
+              * _.drop([1, 2, 3], 2);
+              * // => [3]
+              *
+              * _.drop([1, 2, 3], 5);
+              * // => []
+              *
+              * _.drop([1, 2, 3], 0);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3]
+              */
 
+             function drop(array, n, guard) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
-       function getLoc(attrs) {
-           var lon = attrs.lon && attrs.lon.value;
-           var lat = attrs.lat && attrs.lat.value;
-           return [parseFloat(lon), parseFloat(lat)];
-       }
+               if (!length) {
+                 return [];
+               }
 
+               n = guard || n === undefined$1 ? 1 : toInteger(n);
+               return baseSlice(array, n < 0 ? 0 : n, length);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a slice of `array` with `n` elements dropped from the end.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+              * @param {number} [n=1] The number of elements to drop.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.dropRight([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => [1, 2]
+              *
+              * _.dropRight([1, 2, 3], 2);
+              * // => [1]
+              *
+              * _.dropRight([1, 2, 3], 5);
+              * // => []
+              *
+              * _.dropRight([1, 2, 3], 0);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3]
+              */
 
-       function getNodes(obj) {
-           var elems = obj.getElementsByTagName('nd');
-           var nodes = new Array(elems.length);
-           for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
-               nodes[i] = 'n' + elems[i].attributes.ref.value;
-           }
-           return nodes;
-       }
 
-       function getNodesJSON(obj) {
-           var elems = obj.nodes;
-           var nodes = new Array(elems.length);
-           for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
-               nodes[i] = 'n' + elems[i];
-           }
-           return nodes;
-       }
+             function dropRight(array, n, guard) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
-       function getTags(obj) {
-           var elems = obj.getElementsByTagName('tag');
-           var tags = {};
-           for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
-               var attrs = elems[i].attributes;
-               tags[attrs.k.value] = attrs.v.value;
-           }
+               if (!length) {
+                 return [];
+               }
 
-           return tags;
-       }
+               n = guard || n === undefined$1 ? 1 : toInteger(n);
+               n = length - n;
+               return baseSlice(array, 0, n < 0 ? 0 : n);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a slice of `array` excluding elements dropped from the end.
+              * Elements are dropped until `predicate` returns falsey. The predicate is
+              * invoked with three arguments: (value, index, array).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'barney',  'active': true },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',    'active': false },
+              *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'active': false }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.dropRightWhile(users, function(o) { return !o.active; });
+              * // => objects for ['barney']
+              *
+              * // The `_.matches` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.dropRightWhile(users, { 'user': 'pebbles', 'active': false });
+              * // => objects for ['barney', 'fred']
+              *
+              * // The `_.matchesProperty` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.dropRightWhile(users, ['active', false]);
+              * // => objects for ['barney']
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.dropRightWhile(users, 'active');
+              * // => objects for ['barney', 'fred', 'pebbles']
+              */
 
 
-       function getMembers(obj) {
-           var elems = obj.getElementsByTagName('member');
-           var members = new Array(elems.length);
-           for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
-               var attrs = elems[i].attributes;
-               members[i] = {
-                   id: attrs.type.value[0] + attrs.ref.value,
-                   type: attrs.type.value,
-                   role: attrs.role.value
-               };
-           }
-           return members;
-       }
+             function dropRightWhile(array, predicate) {
+               return array && array.length ? baseWhile(array, getIteratee(predicate, 3), true, true) : [];
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a slice of `array` excluding elements dropped from the beginning.
+              * Elements are dropped until `predicate` returns falsey. The predicate is
+              * invoked with three arguments: (value, index, array).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'barney',  'active': false },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',    'active': false },
+              *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'active': true }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.dropWhile(users, function(o) { return !o.active; });
+              * // => objects for ['pebbles']
+              *
+              * // The `_.matches` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.dropWhile(users, { 'user': 'barney', 'active': false });
+              * // => objects for ['fred', 'pebbles']
+              *
+              * // The `_.matchesProperty` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.dropWhile(users, ['active', false]);
+              * // => objects for ['pebbles']
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.dropWhile(users, 'active');
+              * // => objects for ['barney', 'fred', 'pebbles']
+              */
 
-       function getMembersJSON(obj) {
-           var elems = obj.members;
-           var members = new Array(elems.length);
-           for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
-               var attrs = elems[i];
-               members[i] = {
-                   id: attrs.type[0] + attrs.ref,
-                   type: attrs.type,
-                   role: attrs.role
-               };
-           }
-           return members;
-       }
 
-       function getVisible(attrs) {
-           return (!attrs.visible || attrs.visible.value !== 'false');
-       }
+             function dropWhile(array, predicate) {
+               return array && array.length ? baseWhile(array, getIteratee(predicate, 3), true) : [];
+             }
+             /**
+              * Fills elements of `array` with `value` from `start` up to, but not
+              * including, `end`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method mutates `array`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.2.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to fill.
+              * @param {*} value The value to fill `array` with.
+              * @param {number} [start=0] The start position.
+              * @param {number} [end=array.length] The end position.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = [1, 2, 3];
+              *
+              * _.fill(array, 'a');
+              * console.log(array);
+              * // => ['a', 'a', 'a']
+              *
+              * _.fill(Array(3), 2);
+              * // => [2, 2, 2]
+              *
+              * _.fill([4, 6, 8, 10], '*', 1, 3);
+              * // => [4, '*', '*', 10]
+              */
 
 
-       function parseComments(comments) {
-           var parsedComments = [];
-
-           // for each comment
-           for (var i = 0; i < comments.length; i++) {
-               var comment = comments[i];
-               if (comment.nodeName === 'comment') {
-                   var childNodes = comment.childNodes;
-                   var parsedComment = {};
-
-                   for (var j = 0; j < childNodes.length; j++) {
-                       var node = childNodes[j];
-                       var nodeName = node.nodeName;
-                       if (nodeName === '#text') continue;
-                       parsedComment[nodeName] = node.textContent;
-
-                       if (nodeName === 'uid') {
-                           var uid = node.textContent;
-                           if (uid && !_userCache.user[uid]) {
-                               _userCache.toLoad[uid] = true;
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
+             function fill(array, value, start, end) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
-                   if (parsedComment) {
-                       parsedComments.push(parsedComment);
-                   }
+               if (!length) {
+                 return [];
                }
-           }
-           return parsedComments;
-       }
-
 
-       function encodeNoteRtree(note) {
-           return {
-               minX: note.loc[0],
-               minY: note.loc[1],
-               maxX: note.loc[0],
-               maxY: note.loc[1],
-               data: note
-           };
-       }
+               if (start && typeof start != 'number' && isIterateeCall(array, value, start)) {
+                 start = 0;
+                 end = length;
+               }
 
+               return baseFill(array, value, start, end);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.find` except that it returns the index of the first
+              * element `predicate` returns truthy for instead of the element itself.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 1.1.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @param {number} [fromIndex=0] The index to search from.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the index of the found element, else `-1`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'barney',  'active': false },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',    'active': false },
+              *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'active': true }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.findIndex(users, function(o) { return o.user == 'barney'; });
+              * // => 0
+              *
+              * // The `_.matches` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.findIndex(users, { 'user': 'fred', 'active': false });
+              * // => 1
+              *
+              * // The `_.matchesProperty` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.findIndex(users, ['active', false]);
+              * // => 0
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.findIndex(users, 'active');
+              * // => 2
+              */
 
-       var jsonparsers = {
 
-           node: function nodeData(obj, uid) {
-               return new osmNode({
-                   id:  uid,
-                   visible: typeof obj.visible === 'boolean' ? obj.visible : true,
-                   version: obj.version.toString(),
-                   changeset: obj.changeset.toString(),
-                   timestamp: obj.timestamp,
-                   user: obj.user,
-                   uid: obj.uid.toString(),
-                   loc: [parseFloat(obj.lon), parseFloat(obj.lat)],
-                   tags: obj.tags
-               });
-           },
+             function findIndex(array, predicate, fromIndex) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
-           way: function wayData(obj, uid) {
-               return new osmWay({
-                   id:  uid,
-                   visible: typeof obj.visible === 'boolean' ? obj.visible : true,
-                   version: obj.version.toString(),
-                   changeset: obj.changeset.toString(),
-                   timestamp: obj.timestamp,
-                   user: obj.user,
-                   uid: obj.uid.toString(),
-                   tags: obj.tags,
-                   nodes: getNodesJSON(obj)
-               });
-           },
+               if (!length) {
+                 return -1;
+               }
 
-           relation: function relationData(obj, uid) {
-               return new osmRelation({
-                   id:  uid,
-                   visible: typeof obj.visible === 'boolean' ? obj.visible : true,
-                   version: obj.version.toString(),
-                   changeset: obj.changeset.toString(),
-                   timestamp: obj.timestamp,
-                   user: obj.user,
-                   uid: obj.uid.toString(),
-                   tags: obj.tags,
-                   members: getMembersJSON(obj)
-               });
-           }
-       };
+               var index = fromIndex == null ? 0 : toInteger(fromIndex);
 
-       function parseJSON(payload, callback, options) {
-           options = Object.assign({ skipSeen: true }, options);
-           if (!payload)  {
-               return callback({ message: 'No JSON', status: -1 });
-           }
+               if (index < 0) {
+                 index = nativeMax(length + index, 0);
+               }
 
-           var json = payload;
-           if (typeof json !== 'object')
-              json = JSON.parse(payload);
+               return baseFindIndex(array, getIteratee(predicate, 3), index);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.findIndex` except that it iterates over elements
+              * of `collection` from right to left.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @param {number} [fromIndex=array.length-1] The index to search from.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the index of the found element, else `-1`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'barney',  'active': true },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',    'active': false },
+              *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'active': false }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.findLastIndex(users, function(o) { return o.user == 'pebbles'; });
+              * // => 2
+              *
+              * // The `_.matches` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.findLastIndex(users, { 'user': 'barney', 'active': true });
+              * // => 0
+              *
+              * // The `_.matchesProperty` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.findLastIndex(users, ['active', false]);
+              * // => 2
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.findLastIndex(users, 'active');
+              * // => 0
+              */
 
-           if (!json.elements)
-               return callback({ message: 'No JSON', status: -1 });
 
-           var children = json.elements;
+             function findLastIndex(array, predicate, fromIndex) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
-           var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function() {
-               var results = [];
-               var result;
-               for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
-                   result = parseChild(children[i]);
-                   if (result) results.push(result);
+               if (!length) {
+                 return -1;
                }
-               callback(null, results);
-           });
-
-           _deferred.add(handle);
-
-           function parseChild(child) {
-               var parser = jsonparsers[child.type];
-               if (!parser) return null;
 
-               var uid;
+               var index = length - 1;
 
-               uid = osmEntity.id.fromOSM(child.type, child.id);
-               if (options.skipSeen) {
-                   if (_tileCache.seen[uid]) return null;  // avoid reparsing a "seen" entity
-                   _tileCache.seen[uid] = true;
+               if (fromIndex !== undefined$1) {
+                 index = toInteger(fromIndex);
+                 index = fromIndex < 0 ? nativeMax(length + index, 0) : nativeMin(index, length - 1);
                }
 
-               return parser(child, uid);
-           }
-       }
+               return baseFindIndex(array, getIteratee(predicate, 3), index, true);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Flattens `array` a single level deep.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to flatten.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new flattened array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.flatten([1, [2, [3, [4]], 5]]);
+              * // => [1, 2, [3, [4]], 5]
+              */
 
-       var parsers = {
-           node: function nodeData(obj, uid) {
-               var attrs = obj.attributes;
-               return new osmNode({
-                   id: uid,
-                   visible: getVisible(attrs),
-                   version: attrs.version.value,
-                   changeset: attrs.changeset && attrs.changeset.value,
-                   timestamp: attrs.timestamp && attrs.timestamp.value,
-                   user: attrs.user && attrs.user.value,
-                   uid: attrs.uid && attrs.uid.value,
-                   loc: getLoc(attrs),
-                   tags: getTags(obj)
-               });
-           },
 
-           way: function wayData(obj, uid) {
-               var attrs = obj.attributes;
-               return new osmWay({
-                   id: uid,
-                   visible: getVisible(attrs),
-                   version: attrs.version.value,
-                   changeset: attrs.changeset && attrs.changeset.value,
-                   timestamp: attrs.timestamp && attrs.timestamp.value,
-                   user: attrs.user && attrs.user.value,
-                   uid: attrs.uid && attrs.uid.value,
-                   tags: getTags(obj),
-                   nodes: getNodes(obj),
-               });
-           },
+             function flatten(array) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
+               return length ? baseFlatten(array, 1) : [];
+             }
+             /**
+              * Recursively flattens `array`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to flatten.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new flattened array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.flattenDeep([1, [2, [3, [4]], 5]]);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+              */
 
-           relation: function relationData(obj, uid) {
-               var attrs = obj.attributes;
-               return new osmRelation({
-                   id: uid,
-                   visible: getVisible(attrs),
-                   version: attrs.version.value,
-                   changeset: attrs.changeset && attrs.changeset.value,
-                   timestamp: attrs.timestamp && attrs.timestamp.value,
-                   user: attrs.user && attrs.user.value,
-                   uid: attrs.uid && attrs.uid.value,
-                   tags: getTags(obj),
-                   members: getMembers(obj)
-               });
-           },
 
-           note: function parseNote(obj, uid) {
-               var attrs = obj.attributes;
-               var childNodes = obj.childNodes;
-               var props = {};
+             function flattenDeep(array) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
+               return length ? baseFlatten(array, INFINITY) : [];
+             }
+             /**
+              * Recursively flatten `array` up to `depth` times.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.4.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to flatten.
+              * @param {number} [depth=1] The maximum recursion depth.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new flattened array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = [1, [2, [3, [4]], 5]];
+              *
+              * _.flattenDepth(array, 1);
+              * // => [1, 2, [3, [4]], 5]
+              *
+              * _.flattenDepth(array, 2);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3, [4], 5]
+              */
+
 
-               props.id = uid;
-               props.loc = getLoc(attrs);
+             function flattenDepth(array, depth) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
-               // if notes are coincident, move them apart slightly
-               var coincident = false;
-               var epsilon = 0.00001;
-               do {
-                   if (coincident) {
-                       props.loc = geoVecAdd(props.loc, [epsilon, epsilon]);
-                   }
-                   var bbox = geoExtent(props.loc).bbox();
-                   coincident = _noteCache.rtree.search(bbox).length;
-               } while (coincident);
-
-               // parse note contents
-               for (var i = 0; i < childNodes.length; i++) {
-                   var node = childNodes[i];
-                   var nodeName = node.nodeName;
-                   if (nodeName === '#text') continue;
-
-                   // if the element is comments, parse the comments
-                   if (nodeName === 'comments') {
-                       props[nodeName] = parseComments(node.childNodes);
-                   } else {
-                       props[nodeName] = node.textContent;
-                   }
+               if (!length) {
+                 return [];
                }
 
-               var note = new osmNote(props);
-               var item = encodeNoteRtree(note);
-               _noteCache.note[note.id] = note;
-               _noteCache.rtree.insert(item);
-
-               return note;
-           },
+               depth = depth === undefined$1 ? 1 : toInteger(depth);
+               return baseFlatten(array, depth);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The inverse of `_.toPairs`; this method returns an object composed
+              * from key-value `pairs`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} pairs The key-value pairs.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.fromPairs([['a', 1], ['b', 2]]);
+              * // => { 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }
+              */
 
-           user: function parseUser(obj, uid) {
-               var attrs = obj.attributes;
-               var user = {
-                   id: uid,
-                   display_name: attrs.display_name && attrs.display_name.value,
-                   account_created: attrs.account_created && attrs.account_created.value,
-                   changesets_count: '0',
-                   active_blocks: '0'
-               };
 
-               var img = obj.getElementsByTagName('img');
-               if (img && img[0] && img[0].getAttribute('href')) {
-                   user.image_url = img[0].getAttribute('href');
-               }
+             function fromPairs(pairs) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = pairs == null ? 0 : pairs.length,
+                   result = {};
 
-               var changesets = obj.getElementsByTagName('changesets');
-               if (changesets && changesets[0] && changesets[0].getAttribute('count')) {
-                   user.changesets_count = changesets[0].getAttribute('count');
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var pair = pairs[index];
+                 result[pair[0]] = pair[1];
                }
 
-               var blocks = obj.getElementsByTagName('blocks');
-               if (blocks && blocks[0]) {
-                   var received = blocks[0].getElementsByTagName('received');
-                   if (received && received[0] && received[0].getAttribute('active')) {
-                       user.active_blocks = received[0].getAttribute('active');
-                   }
-               }
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the first element of `array`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @alias first
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the first element of `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.head([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => 1
+              *
+              * _.head([]);
+              * // => undefined
+              */
 
-               _userCache.user[uid] = user;
-               delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
-               return user;
-           }
-       };
 
+             function head(array) {
+               return array && array.length ? array[0] : undefined$1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the index at which the first occurrence of `value` is found in `array`
+              * using [`SameValueZero`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-samevaluezero)
+              * for equality comparisons. If `fromIndex` is negative, it's used as the
+              * offset from the end of `array`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {*} value The value to search for.
+              * @param {number} [fromIndex=0] The index to search from.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.indexOf([1, 2, 1, 2], 2);
+              * // => 1
+              *
+              * // Search from the `fromIndex`.
+              * _.indexOf([1, 2, 1, 2], 2, 2);
+              * // => 3
+              */
 
-       function parseXML(xml, callback, options) {
-           options = Object.assign({ skipSeen: true }, options);
-           if (!xml || !xml.childNodes) {
-               return callback({ message: 'No XML', status: -1 });
-           }
 
-           var root = xml.childNodes[0];
-           var children = root.childNodes;
+             function indexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
-           var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function() {
-               var results = [];
-               var result;
-               for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
-                   result = parseChild(children[i]);
-                   if (result) results.push(result);
+               if (!length) {
+                 return -1;
                }
-               callback(null, results);
-           });
-
-           _deferred.add(handle);
 
+               var index = fromIndex == null ? 0 : toInteger(fromIndex);
 
-           function parseChild(child) {
-               var parser = parsers[child.nodeName];
-               if (!parser) return null;
-
-               var uid;
-               if (child.nodeName === 'user') {
-                   uid = child.attributes.id.value;
-                   if (options.skipSeen && _userCache.user[uid]) {
-                       delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
-                       return null;
-                   }
+               if (index < 0) {
+                 index = nativeMax(length + index, 0);
+               }
 
-               } else if (child.nodeName === 'note') {
-                   uid = child.getElementsByTagName('id')[0].textContent;
+               return baseIndexOf(array, value, index);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets all but the last element of `array`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.initial([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => [1, 2]
+              */
 
-               } else {
-                   uid = osmEntity.id.fromOSM(child.nodeName, child.attributes.id.value);
-                   if (options.skipSeen) {
-                       if (_tileCache.seen[uid]) return null;  // avoid reparsing a "seen" entity
-                       _tileCache.seen[uid] = true;
-                   }
-               }
 
-               return parser(child, uid);
-           }
-       }
+             function initial(array) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
+               return length ? baseSlice(array, 0, -1) : [];
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of unique values that are included in all given arrays
+              * using [`SameValueZero`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-samevaluezero)
+              * for equality comparisons. The order and references of result values are
+              * determined by the first array.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {...Array} [arrays] The arrays to inspect.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of intersecting values.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.intersection([2, 1], [2, 3]);
+              * // => [2]
+              */
 
 
-       // replace or remove note from rtree
-       function updateRtree$3(item, replace) {
-           _noteCache.rtree.remove(item, function isEql(a, b) { return a.data.id === b.data.id; });
+             var intersection = baseRest(function (arrays) {
+               var mapped = arrayMap(arrays, castArrayLikeObject);
+               return mapped.length && mapped[0] === arrays[0] ? baseIntersection(mapped) : [];
+             });
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.intersection` except that it accepts `iteratee`
+              * which is invoked for each element of each `arrays` to generate the criterion
+              * by which they're compared. The order and references of result values are
+              * determined by the first array. The iteratee is invoked with one argument:
+              * (value).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {...Array} [arrays] The arrays to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of intersecting values.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.intersectionBy([2.1, 1.2], [2.3, 3.4], Math.floor);
+              * // => [2.1]
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.intersectionBy([{ 'x': 1 }], [{ 'x': 2 }, { 'x': 1 }], 'x');
+              * // => [{ 'x': 1 }]
+              */
 
-           if (replace) {
-               _noteCache.rtree.insert(item);
-           }
-       }
+             var intersectionBy = baseRest(function (arrays) {
+               var iteratee = last(arrays),
+                   mapped = arrayMap(arrays, castArrayLikeObject);
 
+               if (iteratee === last(mapped)) {
+                 iteratee = undefined$1;
+               } else {
+                 mapped.pop();
+               }
 
-       function wrapcb(thisArg, callback, cid) {
-           return function(err, result) {
-               if (err) {
-                   // 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden..
-                   if (err.status === 400 || err.status === 401 || err.status === 403) {
-                       thisArg.logout();
-                   }
-                   return callback.call(thisArg, err);
+               return mapped.length && mapped[0] === arrays[0] ? baseIntersection(mapped, getIteratee(iteratee, 2)) : [];
+             });
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.intersection` except that it accepts `comparator`
+              * which is invoked to compare elements of `arrays`. The order and references
+              * of result values are determined by the first array. The comparator is
+              * invoked with two arguments: (arrVal, othVal).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {...Array} [arrays] The arrays to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [comparator] The comparator invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of intersecting values.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [{ 'x': 1, 'y': 2 }, { 'x': 2, 'y': 1 }];
+              * var others = [{ 'x': 1, 'y': 1 }, { 'x': 1, 'y': 2 }];
+              *
+              * _.intersectionWith(objects, others, _.isEqual);
+              * // => [{ 'x': 1, 'y': 2 }]
+              */
 
-               } else if (thisArg.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
-                   return callback.call(thisArg, { message: 'Connection Switched', status: -1 });
+             var intersectionWith = baseRest(function (arrays) {
+               var comparator = last(arrays),
+                   mapped = arrayMap(arrays, castArrayLikeObject);
+               comparator = typeof comparator == 'function' ? comparator : undefined$1;
 
-               } else {
-                   return callback.call(thisArg, err, result);
+               if (comparator) {
+                 mapped.pop();
                }
-           };
-       }
 
+               return mapped.length && mapped[0] === arrays[0] ? baseIntersection(mapped, undefined$1, comparator) : [];
+             });
+             /**
+              * Converts all elements in `array` into a string separated by `separator`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to convert.
+              * @param {string} [separator=','] The element separator.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the joined string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.join(['a', 'b', 'c'], '~');
+              * // => 'a~b~c'
+              */
 
-       var serviceOsm = {
+             function join(array, separator) {
+               return array == null ? '' : nativeJoin.call(array, separator);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the last element of `array`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the last element of `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.last([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => 3
+              */
 
-           init: function() {
-               utilRebind(this, dispatch$6, 'on');
-           },
 
+             function last(array) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
+               return length ? array[length - 1] : undefined$1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.indexOf` except that it iterates over elements of
+              * `array` from right to left.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {*} value The value to search for.
+              * @param {number} [fromIndex=array.length-1] The index to search from.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.lastIndexOf([1, 2, 1, 2], 2);
+              * // => 3
+              *
+              * // Search from the `fromIndex`.
+              * _.lastIndexOf([1, 2, 1, 2], 2, 2);
+              * // => 1
+              */
 
-           reset: function() {
-               Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function(handle) {
-                   window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
-                   _deferred.delete(handle);
-               });
 
-               _connectionID++;
-               _userChangesets = undefined;
-               _userDetails = undefined;
-               _rateLimitError = undefined;
+             function lastIndexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
-               Object.values(_tileCache.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$5);
-               Object.values(_noteCache.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$5);
-               Object.values(_noteCache.inflightPost).forEach(abortRequest$5);
-               if (_changeset.inflight) abortRequest$5(_changeset.inflight);
+               if (!length) {
+                 return -1;
+               }
 
-               _tileCache = { toLoad: {}, loaded: {}, inflight: {}, seen: {}, rtree: new RBush() };
-               _noteCache = { toLoad: {}, loaded: {}, inflight: {}, inflightPost: {}, note: {}, closed: {}, rtree: new RBush() };
-               _userCache = { toLoad: {}, user: {} };
-               _cachedApiStatus = undefined;
-               _changeset = {};
+               var index = length;
 
-               return this;
-           },
+               if (fromIndex !== undefined$1) {
+                 index = toInteger(fromIndex);
+                 index = index < 0 ? nativeMax(length + index, 0) : nativeMin(index, length - 1);
+               }
 
+               return value === value ? strictLastIndexOf(array, value, index) : baseFindIndex(array, baseIsNaN, index, true);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the element at index `n` of `array`. If `n` is negative, the nth
+              * element from the end is returned.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.11.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+              * @param {number} [n=0] The index of the element to return.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the nth element of `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
+              *
+              * _.nth(array, 1);
+              * // => 'b'
+              *
+              * _.nth(array, -2);
+              * // => 'c';
+              */
 
-           getConnectionId: function() {
-               return _connectionID;
-           },
 
+             function nth(array, n) {
+               return array && array.length ? baseNth(array, toInteger(n)) : undefined$1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Removes all given values from `array` using
+              * [`SameValueZero`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-samevaluezero)
+              * for equality comparisons.
+              *
+              * **Note:** Unlike `_.without`, this method mutates `array`. Use `_.remove`
+              * to remove elements from an array by predicate.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
+              * @param {...*} [values] The values to remove.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'a', 'b', 'c'];
+              *
+              * _.pull(array, 'a', 'c');
+              * console.log(array);
+              * // => ['b', 'b']
+              */
 
-           changesetURL: function(changesetID) {
-               return urlroot + '/changeset/' + changesetID;
-           },
 
+             var pull = baseRest(pullAll);
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.pull` except that it accepts an array of values to remove.
+              *
+              * **Note:** Unlike `_.difference`, this method mutates `array`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
+              * @param {Array} values The values to remove.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'a', 'b', 'c'];
+              *
+              * _.pullAll(array, ['a', 'c']);
+              * console.log(array);
+              * // => ['b', 'b']
+              */
 
-           changesetsURL: function(center, zoom) {
-               var precision = Math.max(0, Math.ceil(Math.log(zoom) / Math.LN2));
-               return urlroot + '/history#map=' +
-                   Math.floor(zoom) + '/' +
-                   center[1].toFixed(precision) + '/' +
-                   center[0].toFixed(precision);
-           },
+             function pullAll(array, values) {
+               return array && array.length && values && values.length ? basePullAll(array, values) : array;
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.pullAll` except that it accepts `iteratee` which is
+              * invoked for each element of `array` and `values` to generate the criterion
+              * by which they're compared. The iteratee is invoked with one argument: (value).
+              *
+              * **Note:** Unlike `_.differenceBy`, this method mutates `array`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
+              * @param {Array} values The values to remove.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = [{ 'x': 1 }, { 'x': 2 }, { 'x': 3 }, { 'x': 1 }];
+              *
+              * _.pullAllBy(array, [{ 'x': 1 }, { 'x': 3 }], 'x');
+              * console.log(array);
+              * // => [{ 'x': 2 }]
+              */
 
 
-           entityURL: function(entity) {
-               return urlroot + '/' + entity.type + '/' + entity.osmId();
-           },
+             function pullAllBy(array, values, iteratee) {
+               return array && array.length && values && values.length ? basePullAll(array, values, getIteratee(iteratee, 2)) : array;
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.pullAll` except that it accepts `comparator` which
+              * is invoked to compare elements of `array` to `values`. The comparator is
+              * invoked with two arguments: (arrVal, othVal).
+              *
+              * **Note:** Unlike `_.differenceWith`, this method mutates `array`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.6.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
+              * @param {Array} values The values to remove.
+              * @param {Function} [comparator] The comparator invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = [{ 'x': 1, 'y': 2 }, { 'x': 3, 'y': 4 }, { 'x': 5, 'y': 6 }];
+              *
+              * _.pullAllWith(array, [{ 'x': 3, 'y': 4 }], _.isEqual);
+              * console.log(array);
+              * // => [{ 'x': 1, 'y': 2 }, { 'x': 5, 'y': 6 }]
+              */
 
 
-           historyURL: function(entity) {
-               return urlroot + '/' + entity.type + '/' + entity.osmId() + '/history';
-           },
+             function pullAllWith(array, values, comparator) {
+               return array && array.length && values && values.length ? basePullAll(array, values, undefined$1, comparator) : array;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Removes elements from `array` corresponding to `indexes` and returns an
+              * array of removed elements.
+              *
+              * **Note:** Unlike `_.at`, this method mutates `array`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
+              * @param {...(number|number[])} [indexes] The indexes of elements to remove.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of removed elements.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
+              * var pulled = _.pullAt(array, [1, 3]);
+              *
+              * console.log(array);
+              * // => ['a', 'c']
+              *
+              * console.log(pulled);
+              * // => ['b', 'd']
+              */
 
 
-           userURL: function(username) {
-               return urlroot + '/user/' + username;
-           },
+             var pullAt = flatRest(function (array, indexes) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length,
+                   result = baseAt(array, indexes);
+               basePullAt(array, arrayMap(indexes, function (index) {
+                 return isIndex(index, length) ? +index : index;
+               }).sort(compareAscending));
+               return result;
+             });
+             /**
+              * Removes all elements from `array` that `predicate` returns truthy for
+              * and returns an array of the removed elements. The predicate is invoked
+              * with three arguments: (value, index, array).
+              *
+              * **Note:** Unlike `_.filter`, this method mutates `array`. Use `_.pull`
+              * to pull elements from an array by value.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of removed elements.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = [1, 2, 3, 4];
+              * var evens = _.remove(array, function(n) {
+              *   return n % 2 == 0;
+              * });
+              *
+              * console.log(array);
+              * // => [1, 3]
+              *
+              * console.log(evens);
+              * // => [2, 4]
+              */
 
+             function remove(array, predicate) {
+               var result = [];
 
-           noteURL: function(note) {
-               return urlroot + '/note/' + note.id;
-           },
+               if (!(array && array.length)) {
+                 return result;
+               }
 
+               var index = -1,
+                   indexes = [],
+                   length = array.length;
+               predicate = getIteratee(predicate, 3);
 
-           noteReportURL: function(note) {
-               return urlroot + '/reports/new?reportable_type=Note&reportable_id=' + note.id;
-           },
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var value = array[index];
 
+                 if (predicate(value, index, array)) {
+                   result.push(value);
+                   indexes.push(index);
+                 }
+               }
 
-           // Generic method to load data from the OSM API
-           // Can handle either auth or unauth calls.
-           loadFromAPI: function(path, callback, options) {
-               options = Object.assign({ skipSeen: true }, options);
-               var that = this;
-               var cid = _connectionID;
+               basePullAt(array, indexes);
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Reverses `array` so that the first element becomes the last, the second
+              * element becomes the second to last, and so on.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method mutates `array` and is based on
+              * [`Array#reverse`](https://mdn.io/Array/reverse).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = [1, 2, 3];
+              *
+              * _.reverse(array);
+              * // => [3, 2, 1]
+              *
+              * console.log(array);
+              * // => [3, 2, 1]
+              */
 
-               function done(err, payload) {
-                   if (that.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
-                       if (callback) callback({ message: 'Connection Switched', status: -1 });
-                       return;
-                   }
 
-                   var isAuthenticated = that.authenticated();
+             function reverse(array) {
+               return array == null ? array : nativeReverse.call(array);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a slice of `array` from `start` up to, but not including, `end`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method is used instead of
+              * [`Array#slice`](https://mdn.io/Array/slice) to ensure dense arrays are
+              * returned.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to slice.
+              * @param {number} [start=0] The start position.
+              * @param {number} [end=array.length] The end position.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
+              */
 
-                   // 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden
-                   // Logout and retry the request..
-                   if (isAuthenticated && err && err.status &&
-                           (err.status === 400 || err.status === 401 || err.status === 403)) {
-                       that.logout();
-                       that.loadFromAPI(path, callback, options);
 
-                   // else, no retry..
-                   } else {
-                       // 509 Bandwidth Limit Exceeded, 429 Too Many Requests
-                       // Set the rateLimitError flag and trigger a warning..
-                       if (!isAuthenticated && !_rateLimitError && err && err.status &&
-                               (err.status === 509 || err.status === 429)) {
-                           _rateLimitError = err;
-                           dispatch$6.call('change');
-                           that.reloadApiStatus();
-
-                       } else if ((err && _cachedApiStatus === 'online') ||
-                           (!err && _cachedApiStatus !== 'online')) {
-                           // If the response's error state doesn't match the status,
-                           // it's likely we lost or gained the connection so reload the status
-                           that.reloadApiStatus();
-                       }
+             function slice(array, start, end) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
-                       if (callback) {
-                           if (err) {
-                               return callback(err);
-                           } else {
-                               if (path.indexOf('.json') !== -1) {
-                                   return parseJSON(payload, callback, options);
-                               } else {
-                                   return parseXML(payload, callback, options);
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
+               if (!length) {
+                 return [];
                }
 
-               if (this.authenticated()) {
-                   return oauth.xhr({ method: 'GET', path: path }, done);
+               if (end && typeof end != 'number' && isIterateeCall(array, start, end)) {
+                 start = 0;
+                 end = length;
                } else {
-                   var url = urlroot + path;
-                   var controller = new AbortController();
-                   d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
-                       .then(function(data) {
-                           done(null, data);
-                       })
-                       .catch(function(err) {
-                           if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
-                           // d3-fetch includes status in the error message,
-                           // but we can't access the response itself
-                           // https://github.com/d3/d3-fetch/issues/27
-                           var match = err.message.match(/^\d{3}/);
-                           if (match) {
-                               done({ status: +match[0], statusText: err.message });
-                           } else {
-                               done(err.message);
-                           }
-                       });
-                   return controller;
+                 start = start == null ? 0 : toInteger(start);
+                 end = end === undefined$1 ? length : toInteger(end);
                }
-           },
+
+               return baseSlice(array, start, end);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Uses a binary search to determine the lowest index at which `value`
+              * should be inserted into `array` in order to maintain its sort order.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The sorted array to inspect.
+              * @param {*} value The value to evaluate.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the index at which `value` should be inserted
+              *  into `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.sortedIndex([30, 50], 40);
+              * // => 1
+              */
 
 
-           // Load a single entity by id (ways and relations use the `/full` call)
-           // GET /api/0.6/node/#id
-           // GET /api/0.6/[way|relation]/#id/full
-           loadEntity: function(id, callback) {
-               var type = osmEntity.id.type(id);
-               var osmID = osmEntity.id.toOSM(id);
-               var options = { skipSeen: false };
+             function sortedIndex(array, value) {
+               return baseSortedIndex(array, value);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.sortedIndex` except that it accepts `iteratee`
+              * which is invoked for `value` and each element of `array` to compute their
+              * sort ranking. The iteratee is invoked with one argument: (value).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The sorted array to inspect.
+              * @param {*} value The value to evaluate.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the index at which `value` should be inserted
+              *  into `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [{ 'x': 4 }, { 'x': 5 }];
+              *
+              * _.sortedIndexBy(objects, { 'x': 4 }, function(o) { return o.x; });
+              * // => 0
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.sortedIndexBy(objects, { 'x': 4 }, 'x');
+              * // => 0
+              */
 
-               this.loadFromAPI(
-                   '/api/0.6/' + type + '/' + osmID + (type !== 'node' ? '/full' : '') + '.json',
-                   function(err, entities) {
-                       if (callback) callback(err, { data: entities });
-                   },
-                   options
-               );
-           },
 
+             function sortedIndexBy(array, value, iteratee) {
+               return baseSortedIndexBy(array, value, getIteratee(iteratee, 2));
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.indexOf` except that it performs a binary
+              * search on a sorted `array`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {*} value The value to search for.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.sortedIndexOf([4, 5, 5, 5, 6], 5);
+              * // => 1
+              */
 
-           // Load a single entity with a specific version
-           // GET /api/0.6/[node|way|relation]/#id/#version
-           loadEntityVersion: function(id, version, callback) {
-               var type = osmEntity.id.type(id);
-               var osmID = osmEntity.id.toOSM(id);
-               var options = { skipSeen: false };
 
-               this.loadFromAPI(
-                   '/api/0.6/' + type + '/' + osmID + '/' + version + '.json',
-                   function(err, entities) {
-                       if (callback) callback(err, { data: entities });
-                   },
-                   options
-               );
-           },
+             function sortedIndexOf(array, value) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
+               if (length) {
+                 var index = baseSortedIndex(array, value);
 
-           // Load multiple entities in chunks
-           // (note: callback may be called multiple times)
-           // Unlike `loadEntity`, child nodes and members are not fetched
-           // GET /api/0.6/[nodes|ways|relations]?#parameters
-           loadMultiple: function(ids, callback) {
-               var that = this;
-               var groups = utilArrayGroupBy(utilArrayUniq(ids), osmEntity.id.type);
-
-               Object.keys(groups).forEach(function(k) {
-                   var type = k + 's';   // nodes, ways, relations
-                   var osmIDs = groups[k].map(function(id) { return osmEntity.id.toOSM(id); });
-                   var options = { skipSeen: false };
-
-                   utilArrayChunk(osmIDs, 150).forEach(function(arr) {
-                       that.loadFromAPI(
-                           '/api/0.6/' + type + '.json?' + type + '=' + arr.join(),
-                           function(err, entities) {
-                               if (callback) callback(err, { data: entities });
-                           },
-                           options
-                       );
-                   });
-               });
-           },
+                 if (index < length && eq(array[index], value)) {
+                   return index;
+                 }
+               }
 
+               return -1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.sortedIndex` except that it returns the highest
+              * index at which `value` should be inserted into `array` in order to
+              * maintain its sort order.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The sorted array to inspect.
+              * @param {*} value The value to evaluate.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the index at which `value` should be inserted
+              *  into `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.sortedLastIndex([4, 5, 5, 5, 6], 5);
+              * // => 4
+              */
 
-           // Create, upload, and close a changeset
-           // PUT /api/0.6/changeset/create
-           // POST /api/0.6/changeset/#id/upload
-           // PUT /api/0.6/changeset/#id/close
-           putChangeset: function(changeset, changes, callback) {
-               var cid = _connectionID;
 
-               if (_changeset.inflight) {
-                   return callback({ message: 'Changeset already inflight', status: -2 }, changeset);
+             function sortedLastIndex(array, value) {
+               return baseSortedIndex(array, value, true);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.sortedLastIndex` except that it accepts `iteratee`
+              * which is invoked for `value` and each element of `array` to compute their
+              * sort ranking. The iteratee is invoked with one argument: (value).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The sorted array to inspect.
+              * @param {*} value The value to evaluate.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the index at which `value` should be inserted
+              *  into `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [{ 'x': 4 }, { 'x': 5 }];
+              *
+              * _.sortedLastIndexBy(objects, { 'x': 4 }, function(o) { return o.x; });
+              * // => 1
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.sortedLastIndexBy(objects, { 'x': 4 }, 'x');
+              * // => 1
+              */
 
-               } else if (_changeset.open) {   // reuse existing open changeset..
-                   return createdChangeset.call(this, null, _changeset.open);
 
-               } else {   // Open a new changeset..
-                   var options = {
-                       method: 'PUT',
-                       path: '/api/0.6/changeset/create',
-                       options: { header: { 'Content-Type': 'text/xml' } },
-                       content: JXON.stringify(changeset.asJXON())
-                   };
-                   _changeset.inflight = oauth.xhr(
-                       options,
-                       wrapcb(this, createdChangeset, cid)
-                   );
-               }
+             function sortedLastIndexBy(array, value, iteratee) {
+               return baseSortedIndexBy(array, value, getIteratee(iteratee, 2), true);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.lastIndexOf` except that it performs a binary
+              * search on a sorted `array`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {*} value The value to search for.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.sortedLastIndexOf([4, 5, 5, 5, 6], 5);
+              * // => 3
+              */
 
 
-               function createdChangeset(err, changesetID) {
-                   _changeset.inflight = null;
-                   if (err) { return callback(err, changeset); }
+             function sortedLastIndexOf(array, value) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
-                   _changeset.open = changesetID;
-                   changeset = changeset.update({ id: changesetID });
+               if (length) {
+                 var index = baseSortedIndex(array, value, true) - 1;
 
-                   // Upload the changeset..
-                   var options = {
-                       method: 'POST',
-                       path: '/api/0.6/changeset/' + changesetID + '/upload',
-                       options: { header: { 'Content-Type': 'text/xml' } },
-                       content: JXON.stringify(changeset.osmChangeJXON(changes))
-                   };
-                   _changeset.inflight = oauth.xhr(
-                       options,
-                       wrapcb(this, uploadedChangeset, cid)
-                   );
-               }
-
-
-               function uploadedChangeset(err) {
-                   _changeset.inflight = null;
-                   if (err) return callback(err, changeset);
-
-                   // Upload was successful, safe to call the callback.
-                   // Add delay to allow for postgres replication #1646 #2678
-                   window.setTimeout(function() { callback(null, changeset); }, 2500);
-                   _changeset.open = null;
-
-                   // At this point, we don't really care if the connection was switched..
-                   // Only try to close the changeset if we're still talking to the same server.
-                   if (this.getConnectionId() === cid) {
-                       // Still attempt to close changeset, but ignore response because #2667
-                       oauth.xhr({
-                           method: 'PUT',
-                           path: '/api/0.6/changeset/' + changeset.id + '/close',
-                           options: { header: { 'Content-Type': 'text/xml' } }
-                       }, function() { return true; });
-                   }
+                 if (eq(array[index], value)) {
+                   return index;
+                 }
                }
-           },
 
+               return -1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.uniq` except that it's designed and optimized
+              * for sorted arrays.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new duplicate free array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.sortedUniq([1, 1, 2]);
+              * // => [1, 2]
+              */
 
-           // Load multiple users in chunks
-           // (note: callback may be called multiple times)
-           // GET /api/0.6/users?users=#id1,#id2,...,#idn
-           loadUsers: function(uids, callback) {
-               var toLoad = [];
-               var cached = [];
 
-               utilArrayUniq(uids).forEach(function(uid) {
-                   if (_userCache.user[uid]) {
-                       delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
-                       cached.push(_userCache.user[uid]);
-                   } else {
-                       toLoad.push(uid);
-                   }
-               });
+             function sortedUniq(array) {
+               return array && array.length ? baseSortedUniq(array) : [];
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.uniqBy` except that it's designed and optimized
+              * for sorted arrays.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new duplicate free array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.sortedUniqBy([1.1, 1.2, 2.3, 2.4], Math.floor);
+              * // => [1.1, 2.3]
+              */
 
-               if (cached.length || !this.authenticated()) {
-                   callback(undefined, cached);
-                   if (!this.authenticated()) return;  // require auth
-               }
 
-               utilArrayChunk(toLoad, 150).forEach(function(arr) {
-                   oauth.xhr(
-                       { method: 'GET', path: '/api/0.6/users?users=' + arr.join() },
-                       wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID)
-                   );
-               }.bind(this));
+             function sortedUniqBy(array, iteratee) {
+               return array && array.length ? baseSortedUniq(array, getIteratee(iteratee, 2)) : [];
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets all but the first element of `array`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.tail([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => [2, 3]
+              */
 
-               function done(err, xml) {
-                   if (err) { return callback(err); }
 
-                   var options = { skipSeen: true };
-                   return parseXML(xml, function(err, results) {
-                       if (err) {
-                           return callback(err);
-                       } else {
-                           return callback(undefined, results);
-                       }
-                   }, options);
-               }
-           },
+             function tail(array) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
+               return length ? baseSlice(array, 1, length) : [];
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a slice of `array` with `n` elements taken from the beginning.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+              * @param {number} [n=1] The number of elements to take.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.take([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => [1]
+              *
+              * _.take([1, 2, 3], 2);
+              * // => [1, 2]
+              *
+              * _.take([1, 2, 3], 5);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3]
+              *
+              * _.take([1, 2, 3], 0);
+              * // => []
+              */
 
 
-           // Load a given user by id
-           // GET /api/0.6/user/#id
-           loadUser: function(uid, callback) {
-               if (_userCache.user[uid] || !this.authenticated()) {   // require auth
-                   delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
-                   return callback(undefined, _userCache.user[uid]);
+             function take(array, n, guard) {
+               if (!(array && array.length)) {
+                 return [];
                }
 
-               oauth.xhr(
-                   { method: 'GET', path: '/api/0.6/user/' + uid },
-                   wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID)
-               );
-
-               function done(err, xml) {
-                   if (err) { return callback(err); }
+               n = guard || n === undefined$1 ? 1 : toInteger(n);
+               return baseSlice(array, 0, n < 0 ? 0 : n);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a slice of `array` with `n` elements taken from the end.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+              * @param {number} [n=1] The number of elements to take.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.takeRight([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => [3]
+              *
+              * _.takeRight([1, 2, 3], 2);
+              * // => [2, 3]
+              *
+              * _.takeRight([1, 2, 3], 5);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3]
+              *
+              * _.takeRight([1, 2, 3], 0);
+              * // => []
+              */
 
-                   var options = { skipSeen: true };
-                   return parseXML(xml, function(err, results) {
-                       if (err) {
-                           return callback(err);
-                       } else {
-                           return callback(undefined, results[0]);
-                       }
-                   }, options);
-               }
-           },
 
+             function takeRight(array, n, guard) {
+               var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
 
-           // Load the details of the logged-in user
-           // GET /api/0.6/user/details
-           userDetails: function(callback) {
-               if (_userDetails) {    // retrieve cached
-                   return callback(undefined, _userDetails);
+               if (!length) {
+                 return [];
                }
 
-               oauth.xhr(
-                   { method: 'GET', path: '/api/0.6/user/details' },
-                   wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID)
-               );
+               n = guard || n === undefined$1 ? 1 : toInteger(n);
+               n = length - n;
+               return baseSlice(array, n < 0 ? 0 : n, length);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a slice of `array` with elements taken from the end. Elements are
+              * taken until `predicate` returns falsey. The predicate is invoked with
+              * three arguments: (value, index, array).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'barney',  'active': true },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',    'active': false },
+              *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'active': false }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.takeRightWhile(users, function(o) { return !o.active; });
+              * // => objects for ['fred', 'pebbles']
+              *
+              * // The `_.matches` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.takeRightWhile(users, { 'user': 'pebbles', 'active': false });
+              * // => objects for ['pebbles']
+              *
+              * // The `_.matchesProperty` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.takeRightWhile(users, ['active', false]);
+              * // => objects for ['fred', 'pebbles']
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.takeRightWhile(users, 'active');
+              * // => []
+              */
 
-               function done(err, xml) {
-                   if (err) { return callback(err); }
 
-                   var options = { skipSeen: false };
-                   return parseXML(xml, function(err, results) {
-                       if (err) {
-                           return callback(err);
-                       } else {
-                           _userDetails = results[0];
-                           return callback(undefined, _userDetails);
-                       }
-                   }, options);
-               }
-           },
+             function takeRightWhile(array, predicate) {
+               return array && array.length ? baseWhile(array, getIteratee(predicate, 3), false, true) : [];
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a slice of `array` with elements taken from the beginning. Elements
+              * are taken until `predicate` returns falsey. The predicate is invoked with
+              * three arguments: (value, index, array).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'barney',  'active': false },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',    'active': false },
+              *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'active': true }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.takeWhile(users, function(o) { return !o.active; });
+              * // => objects for ['barney', 'fred']
+              *
+              * // The `_.matches` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.takeWhile(users, { 'user': 'barney', 'active': false });
+              * // => objects for ['barney']
+              *
+              * // The `_.matchesProperty` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.takeWhile(users, ['active', false]);
+              * // => objects for ['barney', 'fred']
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.takeWhile(users, 'active');
+              * // => []
+              */
 
 
-           // Load previous changesets for the logged in user
-           // GET /api/0.6/changesets?user=#id
-           userChangesets: function(callback) {
-               if (_userChangesets) {    // retrieve cached
-                   return callback(undefined, _userChangesets);
-               }
+             function takeWhile(array, predicate) {
+               return array && array.length ? baseWhile(array, getIteratee(predicate, 3)) : [];
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of unique values, in order, from all given arrays using
+              * [`SameValueZero`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-samevaluezero)
+              * for equality comparisons.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {...Array} [arrays] The arrays to inspect.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of combined values.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.union([2], [1, 2]);
+              * // => [2, 1]
+              */
 
-               this.userDetails(
-                   wrapcb(this, gotDetails, _connectionID)
-               );
 
+             var union = baseRest(function (arrays) {
+               return baseUniq(baseFlatten(arrays, 1, isArrayLikeObject, true));
+             });
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.union` except that it accepts `iteratee` which is
+              * invoked for each element of each `arrays` to generate the criterion by
+              * which uniqueness is computed. Result values are chosen from the first
+              * array in which the value occurs. The iteratee is invoked with one argument:
+              * (value).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {...Array} [arrays] The arrays to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of combined values.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.unionBy([2.1], [1.2, 2.3], Math.floor);
+              * // => [2.1, 1.2]
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.unionBy([{ 'x': 1 }], [{ 'x': 2 }, { 'x': 1 }], 'x');
+              * // => [{ 'x': 1 }, { 'x': 2 }]
+              */
 
-               function gotDetails(err, user) {
-                   if (err) { return callback(err); }
+             var unionBy = baseRest(function (arrays) {
+               var iteratee = last(arrays);
 
-                   oauth.xhr(
-                       { method: 'GET', path: '/api/0.6/changesets?user=' + user.id },
-                       wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID)
-                   );
+               if (isArrayLikeObject(iteratee)) {
+                 iteratee = undefined$1;
                }
 
-               function done(err, xml) {
-                   if (err) { return callback(err); }
+               return baseUniq(baseFlatten(arrays, 1, isArrayLikeObject, true), getIteratee(iteratee, 2));
+             });
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.union` except that it accepts `comparator` which
+              * is invoked to compare elements of `arrays`. Result values are chosen from
+              * the first array in which the value occurs. The comparator is invoked
+              * with two arguments: (arrVal, othVal).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {...Array} [arrays] The arrays to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [comparator] The comparator invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of combined values.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [{ 'x': 1, 'y': 2 }, { 'x': 2, 'y': 1 }];
+              * var others = [{ 'x': 1, 'y': 1 }, { 'x': 1, 'y': 2 }];
+              *
+              * _.unionWith(objects, others, _.isEqual);
+              * // => [{ 'x': 1, 'y': 2 }, { 'x': 2, 'y': 1 }, { 'x': 1, 'y': 1 }]
+              */
 
-                   _userChangesets = Array.prototype.map.call(
-                       xml.getElementsByTagName('changeset'),
-                       function (changeset) { return { tags: getTags(changeset) }; }
-                   ).filter(function (changeset) {
-                       var comment = changeset.tags.comment;
-                       return comment && comment !== '';
-                   });
+             var unionWith = baseRest(function (arrays) {
+               var comparator = last(arrays);
+               comparator = typeof comparator == 'function' ? comparator : undefined$1;
+               return baseUniq(baseFlatten(arrays, 1, isArrayLikeObject, true), undefined$1, comparator);
+             });
+             /**
+              * Creates a duplicate-free version of an array, using
+              * [`SameValueZero`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-samevaluezero)
+              * for equality comparisons, in which only the first occurrence of each element
+              * is kept. The order of result values is determined by the order they occur
+              * in the array.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new duplicate free array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.uniq([2, 1, 2]);
+              * // => [2, 1]
+              */
 
-                   return callback(undefined, _userChangesets);
-               }
-           },
+             function uniq(array) {
+               return array && array.length ? baseUniq(array) : [];
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.uniq` except that it accepts `iteratee` which is
+              * invoked for each element in `array` to generate the criterion by which
+              * uniqueness is computed. The order of result values is determined by the
+              * order they occur in the array. The iteratee is invoked with one argument:
+              * (value).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new duplicate free array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.uniqBy([2.1, 1.2, 2.3], Math.floor);
+              * // => [2.1, 1.2]
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.uniqBy([{ 'x': 1 }, { 'x': 2 }, { 'x': 1 }], 'x');
+              * // => [{ 'x': 1 }, { 'x': 2 }]
+              */
 
 
-           // Fetch the status of the OSM API
-           // GET /api/capabilities
-           status: function(callback) {
-               var url = urlroot + '/api/capabilities';
-               var errback = wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID);
-               d3_xml(url)
-                   .then(function(data) { errback(null, data); })
-                   .catch(function(err) { errback(err.message); });
+             function uniqBy(array, iteratee) {
+               return array && array.length ? baseUniq(array, getIteratee(iteratee, 2)) : [];
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.uniq` except that it accepts `comparator` which
+              * is invoked to compare elements of `array`. The order of result values is
+              * determined by the order they occur in the array.The comparator is invoked
+              * with two arguments: (arrVal, othVal).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [comparator] The comparator invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new duplicate free array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [{ 'x': 1, 'y': 2 }, { 'x': 2, 'y': 1 }, { 'x': 1, 'y': 2 }];
+              *
+              * _.uniqWith(objects, _.isEqual);
+              * // => [{ 'x': 1, 'y': 2 }, { 'x': 2, 'y': 1 }]
+              */
 
-               function done(err, xml) {
-                   if (err) {
-                       // the status is null if no response could be retrieved
-                       return callback(err, null);
-                   }
 
-                   // update blacklists
-                   var elements = xml.getElementsByTagName('blacklist');
-                   var regexes = [];
-                   for (var i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
-                       var regex = elements[i].getAttribute('regex');  // needs unencode?
-                       if (regex) {
-                           regexes.push(regex);
-                       }
-                   }
-                   if (regexes.length) {
-                       _blacklists = regexes;
-                   }
+             function uniqWith(array, comparator) {
+               comparator = typeof comparator == 'function' ? comparator : undefined$1;
+               return array && array.length ? baseUniq(array, undefined$1, comparator) : [];
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.zip` except that it accepts an array of grouped
+              * elements and creates an array regrouping the elements to their pre-zip
+              * configuration.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 1.2.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array of grouped elements to process.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of regrouped elements.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var zipped = _.zip(['a', 'b'], [1, 2], [true, false]);
+              * // => [['a', 1, true], ['b', 2, false]]
+              *
+              * _.unzip(zipped);
+              * // => [['a', 'b'], [1, 2], [true, false]]
+              */
 
-                   if (_rateLimitError) {
-                       return callback(_rateLimitError, 'rateLimited');
-                   } else {
-                       var waynodes = xml.getElementsByTagName('waynodes');
-                       var maxWayNodes = waynodes.length && parseInt(waynodes[0].getAttribute('maximum'), 10);
-                       if (maxWayNodes && isFinite(maxWayNodes)) _maxWayNodes = maxWayNodes;
 
-                       var apiStatus = xml.getElementsByTagName('status');
-                       var val = apiStatus[0].getAttribute('api');
-                       return callback(undefined, val);
-                   }
+             function unzip(array) {
+               if (!(array && array.length)) {
+                 return [];
                }
-           },
 
-           // Calls `status` and dispatches an `apiStatusChange` event if the returned
-           // status differs from the cached status.
-           reloadApiStatus: function() {
-               // throttle to avoid unncessary API calls
-               if (!this.throttledReloadApiStatus) {
-                   var that = this;
-                   this.throttledReloadApiStatus = throttle(function() {
-                       that.status(function(err, status) {
-                           if (status !== _cachedApiStatus) {
-                               _cachedApiStatus = status;
-                               dispatch$6.call('apiStatusChange', that, err, status);
-                           }
-                       });
-                   }, 500);
-               }
-               this.throttledReloadApiStatus();
-           },
+               var length = 0;
+               array = arrayFilter(array, function (group) {
+                 if (isArrayLikeObject(group)) {
+                   length = nativeMax(group.length, length);
+                   return true;
+                 }
+               });
+               return baseTimes(length, function (index) {
+                 return arrayMap(array, baseProperty(index));
+               });
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.unzip` except that it accepts `iteratee` to specify
+              * how regrouped values should be combined. The iteratee is invoked with the
+              * elements of each group: (...group).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.8.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array of grouped elements to process.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function to combine
+              *  regrouped values.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of regrouped elements.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var zipped = _.zip([1, 2], [10, 20], [100, 200]);
+              * // => [[1, 10, 100], [2, 20, 200]]
+              *
+              * _.unzipWith(zipped, _.add);
+              * // => [3, 30, 300]
+              */
 
 
-           // Returns the maximum number of nodes a single way can have
-           maxWayNodes: function() {
-               return _maxWayNodes;
-           },
+             function unzipWith(array, iteratee) {
+               if (!(array && array.length)) {
+                 return [];
+               }
 
+               var result = unzip(array);
 
-           // Load data (entities) from the API in tiles
-           // GET /api/0.6/map?bbox=
-           loadTiles: function(projection, callback) {
-               if (_off) return;
+               if (iteratee == null) {
+                 return result;
+               }
 
-               // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
-               var tiles = tiler$5.zoomExtent([_tileZoom$3, _tileZoom$3]).getTiles(projection);
+               return arrayMap(result, function (group) {
+                 return apply(iteratee, undefined$1, group);
+               });
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array excluding all given values using
+              * [`SameValueZero`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-samevaluezero)
+              * for equality comparisons.
+              *
+              * **Note:** Unlike `_.pull`, this method returns a new array.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
+              * @param {...*} [values] The values to exclude.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of filtered values.
+              * @see _.difference, _.xor
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.without([2, 1, 2, 3], 1, 2);
+              * // => [3]
+              */
 
-               // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
-               var hadRequests = hasInflightRequests(_tileCache);
-               abortUnwantedRequests$3(_tileCache, tiles);
-               if (hadRequests && !hasInflightRequests(_tileCache)) {
-                   dispatch$6.call('loaded');    // stop the spinner
-               }
 
-               // issue new requests..
-               tiles.forEach(function(tile) {
-                   this.loadTile(tile, callback);
-               }, this);
-           },
+             var without = baseRest(function (array, values) {
+               return isArrayLikeObject(array) ? baseDifference(array, values) : [];
+             });
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of unique values that is the
+              * [symmetric difference](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_difference)
+              * of the given arrays. The order of result values is determined by the order
+              * they occur in the arrays.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.4.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {...Array} [arrays] The arrays to inspect.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of filtered values.
+              * @see _.difference, _.without
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.xor([2, 1], [2, 3]);
+              * // => [1, 3]
+              */
 
+             var xor = baseRest(function (arrays) {
+               return baseXor(arrayFilter(arrays, isArrayLikeObject));
+             });
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.xor` except that it accepts `iteratee` which is
+              * invoked for each element of each `arrays` to generate the criterion by
+              * which by which they're compared. The order of result values is determined
+              * by the order they occur in the arrays. The iteratee is invoked with one
+              * argument: (value).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {...Array} [arrays] The arrays to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of filtered values.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.xorBy([2.1, 1.2], [2.3, 3.4], Math.floor);
+              * // => [1.2, 3.4]
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.xorBy([{ 'x': 1 }], [{ 'x': 2 }, { 'x': 1 }], 'x');
+              * // => [{ 'x': 2 }]
+              */
 
-           // Load a single data tile
-           // GET /api/0.6/map?bbox=
-           loadTile: function(tile, callback) {
-               if (_off) return;
-               if (_tileCache.loaded[tile.id] || _tileCache.inflight[tile.id]) return;
+             var xorBy = baseRest(function (arrays) {
+               var iteratee = last(arrays);
 
-               if (!hasInflightRequests(_tileCache)) {
-                   dispatch$6.call('loading');   // start the spinner
+               if (isArrayLikeObject(iteratee)) {
+                 iteratee = undefined$1;
                }
 
-               var path = '/api/0.6/map.json?bbox=';
-               var options = { skipSeen: true };
+               return baseXor(arrayFilter(arrays, isArrayLikeObject), getIteratee(iteratee, 2));
+             });
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.xor` except that it accepts `comparator` which is
+              * invoked to compare elements of `arrays`. The order of result values is
+              * determined by the order they occur in the arrays. The comparator is invoked
+              * with two arguments: (arrVal, othVal).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {...Array} [arrays] The arrays to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [comparator] The comparator invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of filtered values.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [{ 'x': 1, 'y': 2 }, { 'x': 2, 'y': 1 }];
+              * var others = [{ 'x': 1, 'y': 1 }, { 'x': 1, 'y': 2 }];
+              *
+              * _.xorWith(objects, others, _.isEqual);
+              * // => [{ 'x': 2, 'y': 1 }, { 'x': 1, 'y': 1 }]
+              */
+
+             var xorWith = baseRest(function (arrays) {
+               var comparator = last(arrays);
+               comparator = typeof comparator == 'function' ? comparator : undefined$1;
+               return baseXor(arrayFilter(arrays, isArrayLikeObject), undefined$1, comparator);
+             });
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of grouped elements, the first of which contains the
+              * first elements of the given arrays, the second of which contains the
+              * second elements of the given arrays, and so on.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {...Array} [arrays] The arrays to process.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of grouped elements.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.zip(['a', 'b'], [1, 2], [true, false]);
+              * // => [['a', 1, true], ['b', 2, false]]
+              */
 
-               _tileCache.inflight[tile.id] = this.loadFromAPI(
-                   path + tile.extent.toParam(),
-                   tileCallback,
-                   options
-               );
+             var zip = baseRest(unzip);
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.fromPairs` except that it accepts two arrays,
+              * one of property identifiers and one of corresponding values.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.4.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} [props=[]] The property identifiers.
+              * @param {Array} [values=[]] The property values.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.zipObject(['a', 'b'], [1, 2]);
+              * // => { 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }
+              */
 
-               function tileCallback(err, parsed) {
-                   delete _tileCache.inflight[tile.id];
-                   if (!err) {
-                       delete _tileCache.toLoad[tile.id];
-                       _tileCache.loaded[tile.id] = true;
-                       var bbox = tile.extent.bbox();
-                       bbox.id = tile.id;
-                       _tileCache.rtree.insert(bbox);
-                   }
-                   if (callback) {
-                       callback(err, Object.assign({ data: parsed }, tile));
-                   }
-                   if (!hasInflightRequests(_tileCache)) {
-                       dispatch$6.call('loaded');     // stop the spinner
-                   }
-               }
-           },
+             function zipObject(props, values) {
+               return baseZipObject(props || [], values || [], assignValue);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.zipObject` except that it supports property paths.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.1.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {Array} [props=[]] The property identifiers.
+              * @param {Array} [values=[]] The property values.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.zipObjectDeep(['a.b[0].c', 'a.b[1].d'], [1, 2]);
+              * // => { 'a': { 'b': [{ 'c': 1 }, { 'd': 2 }] } }
+              */
 
 
-           isDataLoaded: function(loc) {
-               var bbox = { minX: loc[0], minY: loc[1], maxX: loc[0], maxY: loc[1] };
-               return _tileCache.rtree.collides(bbox);
-           },
+             function zipObjectDeep(props, values) {
+               return baseZipObject(props || [], values || [], baseSet);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.zip` except that it accepts `iteratee` to specify
+              * how grouped values should be combined. The iteratee is invoked with the
+              * elements of each group: (...group).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.8.0
+              * @category Array
+              * @param {...Array} [arrays] The arrays to process.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function to combine
+              *  grouped values.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of grouped elements.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.zipWith([1, 2], [10, 20], [100, 200], function(a, b, c) {
+              *   return a + b + c;
+              * });
+              * // => [111, 222]
+              */
+
 
+             var zipWith = baseRest(function (arrays) {
+               var length = arrays.length,
+                   iteratee = length > 1 ? arrays[length - 1] : undefined$1;
+               iteratee = typeof iteratee == 'function' ? (arrays.pop(), iteratee) : undefined$1;
+               return unzipWith(arrays, iteratee);
+             });
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-           // load the tile that covers the given `loc`
-           loadTileAtLoc: function(loc, callback) {
-               // Back off if the toLoad queue is filling up.. re #6417
-               // (Currently `loadTileAtLoc` requests are considered low priority - used by operations to
-               // let users safely edit geometries which extend to unloaded tiles.  We can drop some.)
-               if (Object.keys(_tileCache.toLoad).length > 50) return;
+             /**
+              * Creates a `lodash` wrapper instance that wraps `value` with explicit method
+              * chain sequences enabled. The result of such sequences must be unwrapped
+              * with `_#value`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 1.3.0
+              * @category Seq
+              * @param {*} value The value to wrap.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new `lodash` wrapper instance.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'barney',  'age': 36 },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',    'age': 40 },
+              *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'age': 1 }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * var youngest = _
+              *   .chain(users)
+              *   .sortBy('age')
+              *   .map(function(o) {
+              *     return o.user + ' is ' + o.age;
+              *   })
+              *   .head()
+              *   .value();
+              * // => 'pebbles is 1'
+              */
 
-               var k = geoZoomToScale(_tileZoom$3 + 1);
-               var offset = geoRawMercator().scale(k)(loc);
-               var projection = geoRawMercator().transform({ k: k, x: -offset[0], y: -offset[1] });
-               var tiles = tiler$5.zoomExtent([_tileZoom$3, _tileZoom$3]).getTiles(projection);
+             function chain(value) {
+               var result = lodash(value);
+               result.__chain__ = true;
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method invokes `interceptor` and returns `value`. The interceptor
+              * is invoked with one argument; (value). The purpose of this method is to
+              * "tap into" a method chain sequence in order to modify intermediate results.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Seq
+              * @param {*} value The value to provide to `interceptor`.
+              * @param {Function} interceptor The function to invoke.
+              * @returns {*} Returns `value`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _([1, 2, 3])
+              *  .tap(function(array) {
+              *    // Mutate input array.
+              *    array.pop();
+              *  })
+              *  .reverse()
+              *  .value();
+              * // => [2, 1]
+              */
 
-               tiles.forEach(function(tile) {
-                   if (_tileCache.toLoad[tile.id] || _tileCache.loaded[tile.id] || _tileCache.inflight[tile.id]) return;
 
-                   _tileCache.toLoad[tile.id] = true;
-                   this.loadTile(tile, callback);
-               }, this);
-           },
+             function tap(value, interceptor) {
+               interceptor(value);
+               return value;
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.tap` except that it returns the result of `interceptor`.
+              * The purpose of this method is to "pass thru" values replacing intermediate
+              * results in a method chain sequence.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Seq
+              * @param {*} value The value to provide to `interceptor`.
+              * @param {Function} interceptor The function to invoke.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the result of `interceptor`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _('  abc  ')
+              *  .chain()
+              *  .trim()
+              *  .thru(function(value) {
+              *    return [value];
+              *  })
+              *  .value();
+              * // => ['abc']
+              */
 
 
-           // Load notes from the API in tiles
-           // GET /api/0.6/notes?bbox=
-           loadNotes: function(projection, noteOptions) {
-               noteOptions = Object.assign({ limit: 10000, closed: 7 }, noteOptions);
-               if (_off) return;
+             function thru(value, interceptor) {
+               return interceptor(value);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is the wrapper version of `_.at`.
+              *
+              * @name at
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 1.0.0
+              * @category Seq
+              * @param {...(string|string[])} [paths] The property paths to pick.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new `lodash` wrapper instance.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': [{ 'b': { 'c': 3 } }, 4] };
+              *
+              * _(object).at(['a[0].b.c', 'a[1]']).value();
+              * // => [3, 4]
+              */
 
-               var that = this;
-               var path = '/api/0.6/notes?limit=' + noteOptions.limit + '&closed=' + noteOptions.closed + '&bbox=';
-               var throttleLoadUsers = throttle(function() {
-                   var uids = Object.keys(_userCache.toLoad);
-                   if (!uids.length) return;
-                   that.loadUsers(uids, function() {});  // eagerly load user details
-               }, 750);
-
-               // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
-               var tiles = tiler$5.zoomExtent([_noteZoom, _noteZoom]).getTiles(projection);
-
-               // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
-               abortUnwantedRequests$3(_noteCache, tiles);
-
-               // issue new requests..
-               tiles.forEach(function(tile) {
-                   if (_noteCache.loaded[tile.id] || _noteCache.inflight[tile.id]) return;
-
-                   var options = { skipSeen: false };
-                   _noteCache.inflight[tile.id] = that.loadFromAPI(
-                       path + tile.extent.toParam(),
-                       function(err) {
-                           delete _noteCache.inflight[tile.id];
-                           if (!err) {
-                               _noteCache.loaded[tile.id] = true;
-                           }
-                           throttleLoadUsers();
-                           dispatch$6.call('loadedNotes');
-                       },
-                       options
-                   );
-               });
-           },
 
+             var wrapperAt = flatRest(function (paths) {
+               var length = paths.length,
+                   start = length ? paths[0] : 0,
+                   value = this.__wrapped__,
+                   interceptor = function interceptor(object) {
+                 return baseAt(object, paths);
+               };
 
-           // Create a note
-           // POST /api/0.6/notes?params
-           postNoteCreate: function(note, callback) {
-               if (!this.authenticated()) {
-                   return callback({ message: 'Not Authenticated', status: -3 }, note);
+               if (length > 1 || this.__actions__.length || !(value instanceof LazyWrapper) || !isIndex(start)) {
+                 return this.thru(interceptor);
                }
-               if (_noteCache.inflightPost[note.id]) {
-                   return callback({ message: 'Note update already inflight', status: -2 }, note);
-               }
-
-               if (!note.loc[0] || !note.loc[1] || !note.newComment) return; // location & description required
 
-               var comment = note.newComment;
-               if (note.newCategory && note.newCategory !== 'None') { comment += ' #' + note.newCategory; }
+               value = value.slice(start, +start + (length ? 1 : 0));
 
-               var path = '/api/0.6/notes?' + utilQsString({ lon: note.loc[0], lat: note.loc[1], text: comment });
+               value.__actions__.push({
+                 'func': thru,
+                 'args': [interceptor],
+                 'thisArg': undefined$1
+               });
 
-               _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id] = oauth.xhr(
-                   { method: 'POST', path: path },
-                   wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID)
-               );
+               return new LodashWrapper(value, this.__chain__).thru(function (array) {
+                 if (length && !array.length) {
+                   array.push(undefined$1);
+                 }
 
+                 return array;
+               });
+             });
+             /**
+              * Creates a `lodash` wrapper instance with explicit method chain sequences enabled.
+              *
+              * @name chain
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Seq
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new `lodash` wrapper instance.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40 }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * // A sequence without explicit chaining.
+              * _(users).head();
+              * // => { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 }
+              *
+              * // A sequence with explicit chaining.
+              * _(users)
+              *   .chain()
+              *   .head()
+              *   .pick('user')
+              *   .value();
+              * // => { 'user': 'barney' }
+              */
 
-               function done(err, xml) {
-                   delete _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id];
-                   if (err) { return callback(err); }
+             function wrapperChain() {
+               return chain(this);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Executes the chain sequence and returns the wrapped result.
+              *
+              * @name commit
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.2.0
+              * @category Seq
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new `lodash` wrapper instance.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = [1, 2];
+              * var wrapped = _(array).push(3);
+              *
+              * console.log(array);
+              * // => [1, 2]
+              *
+              * wrapped = wrapped.commit();
+              * console.log(array);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3]
+              *
+              * wrapped.last();
+              * // => 3
+              *
+              * console.log(array);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3]
+              */
 
-                   // we get the updated note back, remove from caches and reparse..
-                   this.removeNote(note);
 
-                   var options = { skipSeen: false };
-                   return parseXML(xml, function(err, results) {
-                       if (err) {
-                           return callback(err);
-                       } else {
-                           return callback(undefined, results[0]);
-                       }
-                   }, options);
-               }
-           },
+             function wrapperCommit() {
+               return new LodashWrapper(this.value(), this.__chain__);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the next value on a wrapped object following the
+              * [iterator protocol](https://mdn.io/iteration_protocols#iterator).
+              *
+              * @name next
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Seq
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the next iterator value.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var wrapped = _([1, 2]);
+              *
+              * wrapped.next();
+              * // => { 'done': false, 'value': 1 }
+              *
+              * wrapped.next();
+              * // => { 'done': false, 'value': 2 }
+              *
+              * wrapped.next();
+              * // => { 'done': true, 'value': undefined }
+              */
 
 
-           // Update a note
-           // POST /api/0.6/notes/#id/comment?text=comment
-           // POST /api/0.6/notes/#id/close?text=comment
-           // POST /api/0.6/notes/#id/reopen?text=comment
-           postNoteUpdate: function(note, newStatus, callback) {
-               if (!this.authenticated()) {
-                   return callback({ message: 'Not Authenticated', status: -3 }, note);
-               }
-               if (_noteCache.inflightPost[note.id]) {
-                   return callback({ message: 'Note update already inflight', status: -2 }, note);
+             function wrapperNext() {
+               if (this.__values__ === undefined$1) {
+                 this.__values__ = toArray(this.value());
                }
 
-               var action;
-               if (note.status !== 'closed' && newStatus === 'closed') {
-                   action = 'close';
-               } else if (note.status !== 'open' && newStatus === 'open') {
-                   action = 'reopen';
-               } else {
-                   action = 'comment';
-                   if (!note.newComment) return; // when commenting, comment required
-               }
+               var done = this.__index__ >= this.__values__.length,
+                   value = done ? undefined$1 : this.__values__[this.__index__++];
+               return {
+                 'done': done,
+                 'value': value
+               };
+             }
+             /**
+              * Enables the wrapper to be iterable.
+              *
+              * @name Symbol.iterator
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Seq
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the wrapper object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var wrapped = _([1, 2]);
+              *
+              * wrapped[Symbol.iterator]() === wrapped;
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * Array.from(wrapped);
+              * // => [1, 2]
+              */
 
-               var path = '/api/0.6/notes/' + note.id + '/' + action;
-               if (note.newComment) {
-                   path += '?' + utilQsString({ text: note.newComment });
-               }
 
-               _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id] = oauth.xhr(
-                   { method: 'POST', path: path },
-                   wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID)
-               );
+             function wrapperToIterator() {
+               return this;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a clone of the chain sequence planting `value` as the wrapped value.
+              *
+              * @name plant
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.2.0
+              * @category Seq
+              * @param {*} value The value to plant.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new `lodash` wrapper instance.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function square(n) {
+              *   return n * n;
+              * }
+              *
+              * var wrapped = _([1, 2]).map(square);
+              * var other = wrapped.plant([3, 4]);
+              *
+              * other.value();
+              * // => [9, 16]
+              *
+              * wrapped.value();
+              * // => [1, 4]
+              */
 
 
-               function done(err, xml) {
-                   delete _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id];
-                   if (err) { return callback(err); }
+             function wrapperPlant(value) {
+               var result,
+                   parent = this;
 
-                   // we get the updated note back, remove from caches and reparse..
-                   this.removeNote(note);
+               while (parent instanceof baseLodash) {
+                 var clone = wrapperClone(parent);
+                 clone.__index__ = 0;
+                 clone.__values__ = undefined$1;
 
-                   // update closed note cache - used to populate `closed:note` changeset tag
-                   if (action === 'close') {
-                       _noteCache.closed[note.id] = true;
-                   } else if (action === 'reopen') {
-                       delete _noteCache.closed[note.id];
-                   }
+                 if (result) {
+                   previous.__wrapped__ = clone;
+                 } else {
+                   result = clone;
+                 }
 
-                   var options = { skipSeen: false };
-                   return parseXML(xml, function(err, results) {
-                       if (err) {
-                           return callback(err);
-                       } else {
-                           return callback(undefined, results[0]);
-                       }
-                   }, options);
+                 var previous = clone;
+                 parent = parent.__wrapped__;
                }
-           },
 
+               previous.__wrapped__ = value;
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is the wrapper version of `_.reverse`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method mutates the wrapped array.
+              *
+              * @name reverse
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Seq
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new `lodash` wrapper instance.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = [1, 2, 3];
+              *
+              * _(array).reverse().value()
+              * // => [3, 2, 1]
+              *
+              * console.log(array);
+              * // => [3, 2, 1]
+              */
 
-           switch: function(options) {
-               urlroot = options.urlroot;
 
-               oauth.options(Object.assign({
-                   url: urlroot,
-                   loading: authLoading,
-                   done: authDone
-               }, options));
+             function wrapperReverse() {
+               var value = this.__wrapped__;
 
-               this.reset();
-               this.userChangesets(function() {});  // eagerly load user details/changesets
-               dispatch$6.call('change');
-               return this;
-           },
+               if (value instanceof LazyWrapper) {
+                 var wrapped = value;
 
+                 if (this.__actions__.length) {
+                   wrapped = new LazyWrapper(this);
+                 }
 
-           toggle: function(val) {
-               _off = !val;
-               return this;
-           },
+                 wrapped = wrapped.reverse();
 
+                 wrapped.__actions__.push({
+                   'func': thru,
+                   'args': [reverse],
+                   'thisArg': undefined$1
+                 });
 
-           isChangesetInflight: function() {
-               return !!_changeset.inflight;
-           },
+                 return new LodashWrapper(wrapped, this.__chain__);
+               }
 
+               return this.thru(reverse);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Executes the chain sequence to resolve the unwrapped value.
+              *
+              * @name value
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @alias toJSON, valueOf
+              * @category Seq
+              * @returns {*} Returns the resolved unwrapped value.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _([1, 2, 3]).value();
+              * // => [1, 2, 3]
+              */
 
-           // get/set cached data
-           // This is used to save/restore the state when entering/exiting the walkthrough
-           // Also used for testing purposes.
-           caches: function(obj) {
-               function cloneCache(source) {
-                   var target = {};
-                   Object.keys(source).forEach(function(k) {
-                       if (k === 'rtree') {
-                           target.rtree = new RBush().fromJSON(source.rtree.toJSON());  // clone rbush
-                       } else if (k === 'note') {
-                           target.note = {};
-                           Object.keys(source.note).forEach(function(id) {
-                               target.note[id] = osmNote(source.note[id]);   // copy notes
-                           });
-                       } else {
-                           target[k] = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(source[k]));   // clone deep
-                       }
-                   });
-                   return target;
-               }
 
-               if (!arguments.length) {
-                   return {
-                       tile: cloneCache(_tileCache),
-                       note: cloneCache(_noteCache),
-                       user: cloneCache(_userCache)
-                   };
-               }
+             function wrapperValue() {
+               return baseWrapperValue(this.__wrapped__, this.__actions__);
+             }
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-               // access caches directly for testing (e.g., loading notes rtree)
-               if (obj === 'get') {
-                   return {
-                       tile: _tileCache,
-                       note: _noteCache,
-                       user: _userCache
-                   };
-               }
+             /**
+              * Creates an object composed of keys generated from the results of running
+              * each element of `collection` thru `iteratee`. The corresponding value of
+              * each key is the number of times the key was returned by `iteratee`. The
+              * iteratee is invoked with one argument: (value).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.5.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The iteratee to transform keys.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the composed aggregate object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.countBy([6.1, 4.2, 6.3], Math.floor);
+              * // => { '4': 1, '6': 2 }
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.countBy(['one', 'two', 'three'], 'length');
+              * // => { '3': 2, '5': 1 }
+              */
 
-               if (obj.tile) {
-                   _tileCache = obj.tile;
-                   _tileCache.inflight = {};
-               }
-               if (obj.note) {
-                   _noteCache = obj.note;
-                   _noteCache.inflight = {};
-                   _noteCache.inflightPost = {};
-               }
-               if (obj.user) {
-                   _userCache = obj.user;
+
+             var countBy = createAggregator(function (result, value, key) {
+               if (hasOwnProperty.call(result, key)) {
+                 ++result[key];
+               } else {
+                 baseAssignValue(result, key, 1);
                }
+             });
+             /**
+              * Checks if `predicate` returns truthy for **all** elements of `collection`.
+              * Iteration is stopped once `predicate` returns falsey. The predicate is
+              * invoked with three arguments: (value, index|key, collection).
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method returns `true` for
+              * [empty collections](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_set) because
+              * [everything is true](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuous_truth) of
+              * elements of empty collections.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if all elements pass the predicate check,
+              *  else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.every([true, 1, null, 'yes'], Boolean);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'active': false },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40, 'active': false }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * // The `_.matches` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.every(users, { 'user': 'barney', 'active': false });
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * // The `_.matchesProperty` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.every(users, ['active', false]);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.every(users, 'active');
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-               return this;
-           },
+             function every(collection, predicate, guard) {
+               var func = isArray(collection) ? arrayEvery : baseEvery;
 
+               if (guard && isIterateeCall(collection, predicate, guard)) {
+                 predicate = undefined$1;
+               }
 
-           logout: function() {
-               _userChangesets = undefined;
-               _userDetails = undefined;
-               oauth.logout();
-               dispatch$6.call('change');
-               return this;
-           },
+               return func(collection, getIteratee(predicate, 3));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Iterates over elements of `collection`, returning an array of all elements
+              * `predicate` returns truthy for. The predicate is invoked with three
+              * arguments: (value, index|key, collection).
+              *
+              * **Note:** Unlike `_.remove`, this method returns a new array.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new filtered array.
+              * @see _.reject
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'active': true },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40, 'active': false }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.filter(users, function(o) { return !o.active; });
+              * // => objects for ['fred']
+              *
+              * // The `_.matches` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.filter(users, { 'age': 36, 'active': true });
+              * // => objects for ['barney']
+              *
+              * // The `_.matchesProperty` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.filter(users, ['active', false]);
+              * // => objects for ['fred']
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.filter(users, 'active');
+              * // => objects for ['barney']
+              *
+              * // Combining several predicates using `_.overEvery` or `_.overSome`.
+              * _.filter(users, _.overSome([{ 'age': 36 }, ['age', 40]]));
+              * // => objects for ['fred', 'barney']
+              */
 
 
-           authenticated: function() {
-               return oauth.authenticated();
-           },
+             function filter(collection, predicate) {
+               var func = isArray(collection) ? arrayFilter : baseFilter;
+               return func(collection, getIteratee(predicate, 3));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Iterates over elements of `collection`, returning the first element
+              * `predicate` returns truthy for. The predicate is invoked with three
+              * arguments: (value, index|key, collection).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @param {number} [fromIndex=0] The index to search from.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the matched element, else `undefined`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'barney',  'age': 36, 'active': true },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',    'age': 40, 'active': false },
+              *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'age': 1,  'active': true }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.find(users, function(o) { return o.age < 40; });
+              * // => object for 'barney'
+              *
+              * // The `_.matches` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.find(users, { 'age': 1, 'active': true });
+              * // => object for 'pebbles'
+              *
+              * // The `_.matchesProperty` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.find(users, ['active', false]);
+              * // => object for 'fred'
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.find(users, 'active');
+              * // => object for 'barney'
+              */
 
 
-           authenticate: function(callback) {
-               var that = this;
-               var cid = _connectionID;
-               _userChangesets = undefined;
-               _userDetails = undefined;
+             var find = createFind(findIndex);
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.find` except that it iterates over elements of
+              * `collection` from right to left.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.0.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @param {number} [fromIndex=collection.length-1] The index to search from.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the matched element, else `undefined`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.findLast([1, 2, 3, 4], function(n) {
+              *   return n % 2 == 1;
+              * });
+              * // => 3
+              */
 
-               function done(err, res) {
-                   if (err) {
-                       if (callback) callback(err);
-                       return;
-                   }
-                   if (that.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
-                       if (callback) callback({ message: 'Connection Switched', status: -1 });
-                       return;
-                   }
-                   _rateLimitError = undefined;
-                   dispatch$6.call('change');
-                   if (callback) callback(err, res);
-                   that.userChangesets(function() {});  // eagerly load user details/changesets
-               }
+             var findLast = createFind(findLastIndex);
+             /**
+              * Creates a flattened array of values by running each element in `collection`
+              * thru `iteratee` and flattening the mapped results. The iteratee is invoked
+              * with three arguments: (value, index|key, collection).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new flattened array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function duplicate(n) {
+              *   return [n, n];
+              * }
+              *
+              * _.flatMap([1, 2], duplicate);
+              * // => [1, 1, 2, 2]
+              */
 
-               return oauth.authenticate(done);
-           },
+             function flatMap(collection, iteratee) {
+               return baseFlatten(map(collection, iteratee), 1);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.flatMap` except that it recursively flattens the
+              * mapped results.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.7.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new flattened array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function duplicate(n) {
+              *   return [[[n, n]]];
+              * }
+              *
+              * _.flatMapDeep([1, 2], duplicate);
+              * // => [1, 1, 2, 2]
+              */
 
 
-           imageryBlacklists: function() {
-               return _blacklists;
-           },
+             function flatMapDeep(collection, iteratee) {
+               return baseFlatten(map(collection, iteratee), INFINITY);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.flatMap` except that it recursively flattens the
+              * mapped results up to `depth` times.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.7.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @param {number} [depth=1] The maximum recursion depth.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new flattened array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function duplicate(n) {
+              *   return [[[n, n]]];
+              * }
+              *
+              * _.flatMapDepth([1, 2], duplicate, 2);
+              * // => [[1, 1], [2, 2]]
+              */
 
 
-           tileZoom: function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _tileZoom$3;
-               _tileZoom$3 = val;
-               return this;
-           },
+             function flatMapDepth(collection, iteratee, depth) {
+               depth = depth === undefined$1 ? 1 : toInteger(depth);
+               return baseFlatten(map(collection, iteratee), depth);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Iterates over elements of `collection` and invokes `iteratee` for each element.
+              * The iteratee is invoked with three arguments: (value, index|key, collection).
+              * Iteratee functions may exit iteration early by explicitly returning `false`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** As with other "Collections" methods, objects with a "length"
+              * property are iterated like arrays. To avoid this behavior use `_.forIn`
+              * or `_.forOwn` for object iteration.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @alias each
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array|Object} Returns `collection`.
+              * @see _.forEachRight
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.forEach([1, 2], function(value) {
+              *   console.log(value);
+              * });
+              * // => Logs `1` then `2`.
+              *
+              * _.forEach({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }, function(value, key) {
+              *   console.log(key);
+              * });
+              * // => Logs 'a' then 'b' (iteration order is not guaranteed).
+              */
 
 
-           // get all cached notes covering the viewport
-           notes: function(projection) {
-               var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
-               var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
-               var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
-               var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+             function forEach(collection, iteratee) {
+               var func = isArray(collection) ? arrayEach : baseEach;
+               return func(collection, getIteratee(iteratee, 3));
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.forEach` except that it iterates over elements of
+              * `collection` from right to left.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.0.0
+              * @alias eachRight
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array|Object} Returns `collection`.
+              * @see _.forEach
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.forEachRight([1, 2], function(value) {
+              *   console.log(value);
+              * });
+              * // => Logs `2` then `1`.
+              */
 
-               return _noteCache.rtree.search(bbox)
-                   .map(function(d) { return d.data; });
-           },
 
+             function forEachRight(collection, iteratee) {
+               var func = isArray(collection) ? arrayEachRight : baseEachRight;
+               return func(collection, getIteratee(iteratee, 3));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an object composed of keys generated from the results of running
+              * each element of `collection` thru `iteratee`. The order of grouped values
+              * is determined by the order they occur in `collection`. The corresponding
+              * value of each key is an array of elements responsible for generating the
+              * key. The iteratee is invoked with one argument: (value).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The iteratee to transform keys.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the composed aggregate object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.groupBy([6.1, 4.2, 6.3], Math.floor);
+              * // => { '4': [4.2], '6': [6.1, 6.3] }
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.groupBy(['one', 'two', 'three'], 'length');
+              * // => { '3': ['one', 'two'], '5': ['three'] }
+              */
 
-           // get a single note from the cache
-           getNote: function(id) {
-               return _noteCache.note[id];
-           },
 
+             var groupBy = createAggregator(function (result, value, key) {
+               if (hasOwnProperty.call(result, key)) {
+                 result[key].push(value);
+               } else {
+                 baseAssignValue(result, key, [value]);
+               }
+             });
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is in `collection`. If `collection` is a string, it's
+              * checked for a substring of `value`, otherwise
+              * [`SameValueZero`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-samevaluezero)
+              * is used for equality comparisons. If `fromIndex` is negative, it's used as
+              * the offset from the end of `collection`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to inspect.
+              * @param {*} value The value to search for.
+              * @param {number} [fromIndex=0] The index to search from.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.reduce`.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is found, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.includes([1, 2, 3], 1);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.includes([1, 2, 3], 1, 2);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.includes({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }, 1);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.includes('abcd', 'bc');
+              * // => true
+              */
 
-           // remove a single note from the cache
-           removeNote: function(note) {
-               if (!(note instanceof osmNote) || !note.id) return;
+             function includes(collection, value, fromIndex, guard) {
+               collection = isArrayLike(collection) ? collection : values(collection);
+               fromIndex = fromIndex && !guard ? toInteger(fromIndex) : 0;
+               var length = collection.length;
 
-               delete _noteCache.note[note.id];
-               updateRtree$3(encodeNoteRtree(note), false);  // false = remove
-           },
+               if (fromIndex < 0) {
+                 fromIndex = nativeMax(length + fromIndex, 0);
+               }
 
+               return isString(collection) ? fromIndex <= length && collection.indexOf(value, fromIndex) > -1 : !!length && baseIndexOf(collection, value, fromIndex) > -1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Invokes the method at `path` of each element in `collection`, returning
+              * an array of the results of each invoked method. Any additional arguments
+              * are provided to each invoked method. If `path` is a function, it's invoked
+              * for, and `this` bound to, each element in `collection`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Array|Function|string} path The path of the method to invoke or
+              *  the function invoked per iteration.
+              * @param {...*} [args] The arguments to invoke each method with.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the array of results.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.invokeMap([[5, 1, 7], [3, 2, 1]], 'sort');
+              * // => [[1, 5, 7], [1, 2, 3]]
+              *
+              * _.invokeMap([123, 456], String.prototype.split, '');
+              * // => [['1', '2', '3'], ['4', '5', '6']]
+              */
 
-           // replace a single note in the cache
-           replaceNote: function(note) {
-               if (!(note instanceof osmNote) || !note.id) return;
 
-               _noteCache.note[note.id] = note;
-               updateRtree$3(encodeNoteRtree(note), true);  // true = replace
-               return note;
-           },
+             var invokeMap = baseRest(function (collection, path, args) {
+               var index = -1,
+                   isFunc = typeof path == 'function',
+                   result = isArrayLike(collection) ? Array(collection.length) : [];
+               baseEach(collection, function (value) {
+                 result[++index] = isFunc ? apply(path, value, args) : baseInvoke(value, path, args);
+               });
+               return result;
+             });
+             /**
+              * Creates an object composed of keys generated from the results of running
+              * each element of `collection` thru `iteratee`. The corresponding value of
+              * each key is the last element responsible for generating the key. The
+              * iteratee is invoked with one argument: (value).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The iteratee to transform keys.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the composed aggregate object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = [
+              *   { 'dir': 'left', 'code': 97 },
+              *   { 'dir': 'right', 'code': 100 }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.keyBy(array, function(o) {
+              *   return String.fromCharCode(o.code);
+              * });
+              * // => { 'a': { 'dir': 'left', 'code': 97 }, 'd': { 'dir': 'right', 'code': 100 } }
+              *
+              * _.keyBy(array, 'dir');
+              * // => { 'left': { 'dir': 'left', 'code': 97 }, 'right': { 'dir': 'right', 'code': 100 } }
+              */
 
+             var keyBy = createAggregator(function (result, value, key) {
+               baseAssignValue(result, key, value);
+             });
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of values by running each element in `collection` thru
+              * `iteratee`. The iteratee is invoked with three arguments:
+              * (value, index|key, collection).
+              *
+              * Many lodash methods are guarded to work as iteratees for methods like
+              * `_.every`, `_.filter`, `_.map`, `_.mapValues`, `_.reject`, and `_.some`.
+              *
+              * The guarded methods are:
+              * `ary`, `chunk`, `curry`, `curryRight`, `drop`, `dropRight`, `every`,
+              * `fill`, `invert`, `parseInt`, `random`, `range`, `rangeRight`, `repeat`,
+              * `sampleSize`, `slice`, `some`, `sortBy`, `split`, `take`, `takeRight`,
+              * `template`, `trim`, `trimEnd`, `trimStart`, and `words`
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new mapped array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function square(n) {
+              *   return n * n;
+              * }
+              *
+              * _.map([4, 8], square);
+              * // => [16, 64]
+              *
+              * _.map({ 'a': 4, 'b': 8 }, square);
+              * // => [16, 64] (iteration order is not guaranteed)
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'barney' },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred' }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.map(users, 'user');
+              * // => ['barney', 'fred']
+              */
 
-           // Get an array of note IDs closed during this session.
-           // Used to populate `closed:note` changeset tag
-           getClosedIDs: function() {
-               return Object.keys(_noteCache.closed).sort();
-           }
+             function map(collection, iteratee) {
+               var func = isArray(collection) ? arrayMap : baseMap;
+               return func(collection, getIteratee(iteratee, 3));
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.sortBy` except that it allows specifying the sort
+              * orders of the iteratees to sort by. If `orders` is unspecified, all values
+              * are sorted in ascending order. Otherwise, specify an order of "desc" for
+              * descending or "asc" for ascending sort order of corresponding values.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Array[]|Function[]|Object[]|string[]} [iteratees=[_.identity]]
+              *  The iteratees to sort by.
+              * @param {string[]} [orders] The sort orders of `iteratees`.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.reduce`.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new sorted array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 48 },
+              *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 34 },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40 },
+              *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * // Sort by `user` in ascending order and by `age` in descending order.
+              * _.orderBy(users, ['user', 'age'], ['asc', 'desc']);
+              * // => objects for [['barney', 36], ['barney', 34], ['fred', 48], ['fred', 40]]
+              */
 
-       };
 
-       var apibase$3 = 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/api.php';
-       var _inflight$1 = {};
-       var _wikibaseCache = {};
-       var _localeIDs = { en: false };
+             function orderBy(collection, iteratees, orders, guard) {
+               if (collection == null) {
+                 return [];
+               }
 
+               if (!isArray(iteratees)) {
+                 iteratees = iteratees == null ? [] : [iteratees];
+               }
 
-       var debouncedRequest = debounce(request, 500, { leading: false });
+               orders = guard ? undefined$1 : orders;
 
-       function request(url, callback) {
-           if (_inflight$1[url]) return;
-           var controller = new AbortController();
-           _inflight$1[url] = controller;
+               if (!isArray(orders)) {
+                 orders = orders == null ? [] : [orders];
+               }
 
-           d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
-               .then(function(result) {
-                   delete _inflight$1[url];
-                   if (callback) callback(null, result);
-               })
-               .catch(function(err) {
-                   delete _inflight$1[url];
-                   if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
-                   if (callback) callback(err.message);
-               });
-       }
+               return baseOrderBy(collection, iteratees, orders);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of elements split into two groups, the first of which
+              * contains elements `predicate` returns truthy for, the second of which
+              * contains elements `predicate` returns falsey for. The predicate is
+              * invoked with one argument: (value).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the array of grouped elements.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'barney',  'age': 36, 'active': false },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',    'age': 40, 'active': true },
+              *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'age': 1,  'active': false }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.partition(users, function(o) { return o.active; });
+              * // => objects for [['fred'], ['barney', 'pebbles']]
+              *
+              * // The `_.matches` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.partition(users, { 'age': 1, 'active': false });
+              * // => objects for [['pebbles'], ['barney', 'fred']]
+              *
+              * // The `_.matchesProperty` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.partition(users, ['active', false]);
+              * // => objects for [['barney', 'pebbles'], ['fred']]
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.partition(users, 'active');
+              * // => objects for [['fred'], ['barney', 'pebbles']]
+              */
 
 
-       /**
-        * Get the best string value from the descriptions/labels result
-        * Note that if mediawiki doesn't recognize language code, it will return all values.
-        * In that case, fallback to use English.
-        * @param values object - either descriptions or labels
-        * @param langCode String
-        * @returns localized string
-        */
-       function localizedToString(values, langCode) {
-           if (values) {
-               values = values[langCode] || values.en;
-           }
-           return values ? values.value : '';
-       }
+             var partition = createAggregator(function (result, value, key) {
+               result[key ? 0 : 1].push(value);
+             }, function () {
+               return [[], []];
+             });
+             /**
+              * Reduces `collection` to a value which is the accumulated result of running
+              * each element in `collection` thru `iteratee`, where each successive
+              * invocation is supplied the return value of the previous. If `accumulator`
+              * is not given, the first element of `collection` is used as the initial
+              * value. The iteratee is invoked with four arguments:
+              * (accumulator, value, index|key, collection).
+              *
+              * Many lodash methods are guarded to work as iteratees for methods like
+              * `_.reduce`, `_.reduceRight`, and `_.transform`.
+              *
+              * The guarded methods are:
+              * `assign`, `defaults`, `defaultsDeep`, `includes`, `merge`, `orderBy`,
+              * and `sortBy`
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @param {*} [accumulator] The initial value.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the accumulated value.
+              * @see _.reduceRight
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.reduce([1, 2], function(sum, n) {
+              *   return sum + n;
+              * }, 0);
+              * // => 3
+              *
+              * _.reduce({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 1 }, function(result, value, key) {
+              *   (result[value] || (result[value] = [])).push(key);
+              *   return result;
+              * }, {});
+              * // => { '1': ['a', 'c'], '2': ['b'] } (iteration order is not guaranteed)
+              */
+
+             function reduce(collection, iteratee, accumulator) {
+               var func = isArray(collection) ? arrayReduce : baseReduce,
+                   initAccum = arguments.length < 3;
+               return func(collection, getIteratee(iteratee, 4), accumulator, initAccum, baseEach);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.reduce` except that it iterates over elements of
+              * `collection` from right to left.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @param {*} [accumulator] The initial value.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the accumulated value.
+              * @see _.reduce
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = [[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5]];
+              *
+              * _.reduceRight(array, function(flattened, other) {
+              *   return flattened.concat(other);
+              * }, []);
+              * // => [4, 5, 2, 3, 0, 1]
+              */
 
 
-       var serviceOsmWikibase = {
+             function reduceRight(collection, iteratee, accumulator) {
+               var func = isArray(collection) ? arrayReduceRight : baseReduce,
+                   initAccum = arguments.length < 3;
+               return func(collection, getIteratee(iteratee, 4), accumulator, initAccum, baseEachRight);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The opposite of `_.filter`; this method returns the elements of `collection`
+              * that `predicate` does **not** return truthy for.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new filtered array.
+              * @see _.filter
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'active': false },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40, 'active': true }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.reject(users, function(o) { return !o.active; });
+              * // => objects for ['fred']
+              *
+              * // The `_.matches` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.reject(users, { 'age': 40, 'active': true });
+              * // => objects for ['barney']
+              *
+              * // The `_.matchesProperty` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.reject(users, ['active', false]);
+              * // => objects for ['fred']
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.reject(users, 'active');
+              * // => objects for ['barney']
+              */
 
-           init: function() {
-               _inflight$1 = {};
-               _wikibaseCache = {};
-               _localeIDs = {};
-           },
 
+             function reject(collection, predicate) {
+               var func = isArray(collection) ? arrayFilter : baseFilter;
+               return func(collection, negate(getIteratee(predicate, 3)));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets a random element from `collection`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.0.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to sample.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the random element.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.sample([1, 2, 3, 4]);
+              * // => 2
+              */
 
-           reset: function() {
-               Object.values(_inflight$1).forEach(function(controller) { controller.abort(); });
-               _inflight$1 = {};
-           },
 
+             function sample(collection) {
+               var func = isArray(collection) ? arraySample : baseSample;
+               return func(collection);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets `n` random elements at unique keys from `collection` up to the
+              * size of `collection`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to sample.
+              * @param {number} [n=1] The number of elements to sample.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the random elements.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.sampleSize([1, 2, 3], 2);
+              * // => [3, 1]
+              *
+              * _.sampleSize([1, 2, 3], 4);
+              * // => [2, 3, 1]
+              */
 
-           /**
-            * Get the best value for the property, or undefined if not found
-            * @param entity object from wikibase
-            * @param property string e.g. 'P4' for image
-            * @param langCode string e.g. 'fr' for French
-            */
-           claimToValue: function(entity, property, langCode) {
-               if (!entity.claims[property]) return undefined;
-               var locale = _localeIDs[langCode];
-               var preferredPick, localePick;
-
-               entity.claims[property].forEach(function(stmt) {
-                   // If exists, use value limited to the needed language (has a qualifier P26 = locale)
-                   // Or if not found, use the first value with the "preferred" rank
-                   if (!preferredPick && stmt.rank === 'preferred') {
-                       preferredPick = stmt;
-                   }
-                   if (locale && stmt.qualifiers && stmt.qualifiers.P26 &&
-                       stmt.qualifiers.P26[0].datavalue.value.id === locale
-                   ) {
-                       localePick = stmt;
-                   }
-               });
 
-               var result = localePick || preferredPick;
-               if (result) {
-                   var datavalue = result.mainsnak.datavalue;
-                   return datavalue.type === 'wikibase-entityid' ? datavalue.value.id : datavalue.value;
+             function sampleSize(collection, n, guard) {
+               if (guard ? isIterateeCall(collection, n, guard) : n === undefined$1) {
+                 n = 1;
                } else {
-                   return undefined;
+                 n = toInteger(n);
                }
-           },
-
 
-           /**
-            * Convert monolingual property into a key-value object (language -> value)
-            * @param entity object from wikibase
-            * @param property string e.g. 'P31' for monolingual wiki page title
-            */
-           monolingualClaimToValueObj: function(entity, property) {
-               if (!entity || !entity.claims[property]) return undefined;
-
-               return entity.claims[property].reduce(function(acc, obj) {
-                   var value = obj.mainsnak.datavalue.value;
-                   acc[value.language] = value.text;
-                   return acc;
-               }, {});
-           },
+               var func = isArray(collection) ? arraySampleSize : baseSampleSize;
+               return func(collection, n);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of shuffled values, using a version of the
+              * [Fisher-Yates shuffle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher-Yates_shuffle).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to shuffle.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new shuffled array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.shuffle([1, 2, 3, 4]);
+              * // => [4, 1, 3, 2]
+              */
 
 
-           toSitelink: function(key, value) {
-               var result = value ? ('Tag:' + key + '=' + value) : 'Key:' + key;
-               return result.replace(/_/g, ' ').trim();
-           },
+             function shuffle(collection) {
+               var func = isArray(collection) ? arrayShuffle : baseShuffle;
+               return func(collection);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the size of `collection` by returning its length for array-like
+              * values or the number of own enumerable string keyed properties for objects.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to inspect.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the collection size.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.size([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => 3
+              *
+              * _.size({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2 });
+              * // => 2
+              *
+              * _.size('pebbles');
+              * // => 7
+              */
 
 
-           //
-           // Pass params object of the form:
-           // {
-           //   key: 'string',
-           //   value: 'string',
-           //   rtype: 'string',
-           //   langCode: 'string'
-           // }
-           //
-           getEntity: function(params, callback) {
-               var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest : request;
-               var that = this;
-               var titles = [];
-               var result = {};
-               var rtypeSitelink = params.rtype ? ('Relation:' + params.rtype).replace(/_/g, ' ').trim() : false;
-               var keySitelink = params.key ? this.toSitelink(params.key) : false;
-               var tagSitelink = (params.key && params.value) ? this.toSitelink(params.key, params.value) : false;
-               var localeSitelink;
-
-               if (params.langCode && _localeIDs[params.langCode] === undefined) {
-                   // If this is the first time we are asking about this locale,
-                   // fetch corresponding entity (if it exists), and cache it.
-                   // If there is no such entry, cache `false` value to avoid re-requesting it.
-                   localeSitelink = ('Locale:' + params.langCode).replace(/_/g, ' ').trim();
-                   titles.push(localeSitelink);
-               }
-
-               if (rtypeSitelink) {
-                   if (_wikibaseCache[rtypeSitelink]) {
-                       result.rtype = _wikibaseCache[rtypeSitelink];
-                   } else {
-                       titles.push(rtypeSitelink);
-                   }
+             function size(collection) {
+               if (collection == null) {
+                 return 0;
                }
 
-               if (keySitelink) {
-                   if (_wikibaseCache[keySitelink]) {
-                       result.key = _wikibaseCache[keySitelink];
-                   } else {
-                       titles.push(keySitelink);
-                   }
+               if (isArrayLike(collection)) {
+                 return isString(collection) ? stringSize(collection) : collection.length;
                }
 
-               if (tagSitelink) {
-                   if (_wikibaseCache[tagSitelink]) {
-                       result.tag = _wikibaseCache[tagSitelink];
-                   } else {
-                       titles.push(tagSitelink);
-                   }
+               var tag = getTag(collection);
+
+               if (tag == mapTag || tag == setTag) {
+                 return collection.size;
                }
 
-               if (!titles.length) {
-                   // Nothing to do, we already had everything in the cache
-                   return callback(null, result);
-               }
-
-               // Requesting just the user language code
-               // If backend recognizes the code, it will perform proper fallbacks,
-               // and the result will contain the requested code. If not, all values are returned:
-               // {"zh-tw":{"value":"...","language":"zh-tw","source-language":"zh-hant"}
-               // {"pt-br":{"value":"...","language":"pt","for-language":"pt-br"}}
-               var obj = {
-                   action: 'wbgetentities',
-                   sites: 'wiki',
-                   titles: titles.join('|'),
-                   languages: params.langCode,
-                   languagefallback: 1,
-                   origin: '*',
-                   format: 'json',
-                   // There is an MW Wikibase API bug https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T212069
-                   // We shouldn't use v1 until it gets fixed, but should switch to it afterwards
-                   // formatversion: 2,
-               };
+               return baseKeys(collection).length;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `predicate` returns truthy for **any** element of `collection`.
+              * Iteration is stopped once `predicate` returns truthy. The predicate is
+              * invoked with three arguments: (value, index|key, collection).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if any element passes the predicate check,
+              *  else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.some([null, 0, 'yes', false], Boolean);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'barney', 'active': true },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',   'active': false }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * // The `_.matches` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.some(users, { 'user': 'barney', 'active': false });
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * // The `_.matchesProperty` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.some(users, ['active', false]);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.some(users, 'active');
+              * // => true
+              */
 
-               var url = apibase$3 + '?' + utilQsString(obj);
-               doRequest(url, function(err, d) {
-                   if (err) {
-                       callback(err);
-                   } else if (!d.success || d.error) {
-                       callback(d.error.messages.map(function(v) { return v.html['*']; }).join('<br>'));
-                   } else {
-                       var localeID = false;
-                       Object.values(d.entities).forEach(function(res) {
-                           if (res.missing !== '') {
-                               // Simplify access to the localized values
-                               res.description = localizedToString(res.descriptions, params.langCode);
-                               res.label = localizedToString(res.labels, params.langCode);
-
-                               var title = res.sitelinks.wiki.title;
-                               if (title === rtypeSitelink) {
-                                   _wikibaseCache[rtypeSitelink] = res;
-                                   result.rtype = res;
-                               } else if (title === keySitelink) {
-                                   _wikibaseCache[keySitelink] = res;
-                                   result.key = res;
-                               } else if (title === tagSitelink) {
-                                   _wikibaseCache[tagSitelink] = res;
-                                   result.tag = res;
-                               } else if (title === localeSitelink) {
-                                   localeID = res.id;
-                               } else {
-                                   console.log('Unexpected title ' + title);  // eslint-disable-line no-console
-                               }
-                           }
-                       });
 
-                       if (localeSitelink) {
-                           // If locale ID is not found, store false to prevent repeated queries
-                           that.addLocale(params.langCode, localeID);
-                       }
+             function some(collection, predicate, guard) {
+               var func = isArray(collection) ? arraySome : baseSome;
 
-                       callback(null, result);
-                   }
-               });
-           },
+               if (guard && isIterateeCall(collection, predicate, guard)) {
+                 predicate = undefined$1;
+               }
 
+               return func(collection, getIteratee(predicate, 3));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of elements, sorted in ascending order by the results of
+              * running each element in a collection thru each iteratee. This method
+              * performs a stable sort, that is, it preserves the original sort order of
+              * equal elements. The iteratees are invoked with one argument: (value).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Collection
+              * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
+              * @param {...(Function|Function[])} [iteratees=[_.identity]]
+              *  The iteratees to sort by.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new sorted array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 48 },
+              *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 30 },
+              *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 34 }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.sortBy(users, [function(o) { return o.user; }]);
+              * // => objects for [['barney', 36], ['barney', 34], ['fred', 48], ['fred', 30]]
+              *
+              * _.sortBy(users, ['user', 'age']);
+              * // => objects for [['barney', 34], ['barney', 36], ['fred', 30], ['fred', 48]]
+              */
 
-           //
-           // Pass params object of the form:
-           // {
-           //   key: 'string',     // required
-           //   value: 'string'    // optional
-           // }
-           //   -or-
-           // {
-           //   rtype: 'rtype'     // relation type  (e.g. 'multipolygon')
-           // }
-           //
-           // Get an result object used to display tag documentation
-           // {
-           //   title:        'string',
-           //   description:  'string',
-           //   editURL:      'string',
-           //   imageURL:     'string',
-           //   wiki:         { title: 'string', text: 'string', url: 'string' }
-           // }
-           //
-           getDocs: function(params, callback) {
-               var that = this;
-               var langCode = _mainLocalizer.localeCode().toLowerCase();
-               params.langCode = langCode;
 
-               this.getEntity(params, function(err, data) {
-                   if (err) {
-                       callback(err);
-                       return;
-                   }
+             var sortBy = baseRest(function (collection, iteratees) {
+               if (collection == null) {
+                 return [];
+               }
 
-                   var entity = data.rtype || data.tag || data.key;
-                   if (!entity) {
-                       callback('No entity');
-                       return;
-                   }
+               var length = iteratees.length;
 
-                   // prepare result
-                   var result = {
-                       title: entity.title,
-                       description: entity.description,
-                       editURL: 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/' + entity.title
-                   };
+               if (length > 1 && isIterateeCall(collection, iteratees[0], iteratees[1])) {
+                 iteratees = [];
+               } else if (length > 2 && isIterateeCall(iteratees[0], iteratees[1], iteratees[2])) {
+                 iteratees = [iteratees[0]];
+               }
 
-                   // add image
-                   if (entity.claims) {
-                       var imageroot;
-                       var image = that.claimToValue(entity, 'P4', langCode);
-                       if (image) {
-                           imageroot = 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php';
-                       } else {
-                           image = that.claimToValue(entity, 'P28', langCode);
-                           if (image) {
-                               imageroot = 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/index.php';
-                           }
-                       }
-                       if (imageroot && image) {
-                           result.imageURL = imageroot + '?' + utilQsString({
-                               title: 'Special:Redirect/file/' + image,
-                               width: 400
-                           });
-                       }
-                   }
+               return baseOrderBy(collection, baseFlatten(iteratees, 1), []);
+             });
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-                   // Try to get a wiki page from tag data item first, followed by the corresponding key data item.
-                   // If neither tag nor key data item contain a wiki page in the needed language nor English,
-                   // get the first found wiki page from either the tag or the key item.
-                   var rtypeWiki = that.monolingualClaimToValueObj(data.rtype, 'P31');
-                   var tagWiki = that.monolingualClaimToValueObj(data.tag, 'P31');
-                   var keyWiki = that.monolingualClaimToValueObj(data.key, 'P31');
-
-                   // If exact language code does not exist, try to find the first part before the '-'
-                   // BUG: in some cases, a more elaborate fallback logic might be needed
-                   var langPrefix = langCode.split('-', 2)[0];
-
-                   // use the first acceptable wiki page
-                   result.wiki =
-                       getWikiInfo(rtypeWiki, langCode, 'inspector.wiki_reference') ||
-                       getWikiInfo(rtypeWiki, langPrefix, 'inspector.wiki_reference') ||
-                       getWikiInfo(rtypeWiki, 'en', 'inspector.wiki_en_reference') ||
-                       getWikiInfo(tagWiki, langCode, 'inspector.wiki_reference') ||
-                       getWikiInfo(tagWiki, langPrefix, 'inspector.wiki_reference') ||
-                       getWikiInfo(tagWiki, 'en', 'inspector.wiki_en_reference') ||
-                       getWikiInfo(keyWiki, langCode, 'inspector.wiki_reference') ||
-                       getWikiInfo(keyWiki, langPrefix, 'inspector.wiki_reference') ||
-                       getWikiInfo(keyWiki, 'en', 'inspector.wiki_en_reference');
-
-                   callback(null, result);
-
-
-                   // Helper method to get wiki info if a given language exists
-                   function getWikiInfo(wiki, langCode, tKey) {
-                       if (wiki && wiki[langCode]) {
-                           return {
-                               title: wiki[langCode],
-                               text: tKey,
-                               url: 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/' + wiki[langCode]
-                           };
-                       }
-                   }
-               });
-           },
+             /**
+              * Gets the timestamp of the number of milliseconds that have elapsed since
+              * the Unix epoch (1 January 1970 00:00:00 UTC).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.4.0
+              * @category Date
+              * @returns {number} Returns the timestamp.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.defer(function(stamp) {
+              *   console.log(_.now() - stamp);
+              * }, _.now());
+              * // => Logs the number of milliseconds it took for the deferred invocation.
+              */
 
+             var now = ctxNow || function () {
+               return root.Date.now();
+             };
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-           addLocale: function(langCode, qid) {
-               // Makes it easier to unit test
-               _localeIDs[langCode] = qid;
-           },
+             /**
+              * The opposite of `_.before`; this method creates a function that invokes
+              * `func` once it's called `n` or more times.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {number} n The number of calls before `func` is invoked.
+              * @param {Function} func The function to restrict.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new restricted function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var saves = ['profile', 'settings'];
+              *
+              * var done = _.after(saves.length, function() {
+              *   console.log('done saving!');
+              * });
+              *
+              * _.forEach(saves, function(type) {
+              *   asyncSave({ 'type': type, 'complete': done });
+              * });
+              * // => Logs 'done saving!' after the two async saves have completed.
+              */
 
 
-           apibase: function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return apibase$3;
-               apibase$3 = val;
-               return this;
-           }
+             function after(n, func) {
+               if (typeof func != 'function') {
+                 throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
+               }
 
-       };
+               n = toInteger(n);
+               return function () {
+                 if (--n < 1) {
+                   return func.apply(this, arguments);
+                 }
+               };
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that invokes `func`, with up to `n` arguments,
+              * ignoring any additional arguments.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to cap arguments for.
+              * @param {number} [n=func.length] The arity cap.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new capped function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.map(['6', '8', '10'], _.ary(parseInt, 1));
+              * // => [6, 8, 10]
+              */
 
-       var jsonpCache = {};
-       window.jsonpCache = jsonpCache;
 
-       function jsonpRequest(url, callback) {
-           var request = {
-               abort: function() {}
-           };
+             function ary(func, n, guard) {
+               n = guard ? undefined$1 : n;
+               n = func && n == null ? func.length : n;
+               return createWrap(func, WRAP_ARY_FLAG, undefined$1, undefined$1, undefined$1, undefined$1, n);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that invokes `func`, with the `this` binding and arguments
+              * of the created function, while it's called less than `n` times. Subsequent
+              * calls to the created function return the result of the last `func` invocation.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {number} n The number of calls at which `func` is no longer invoked.
+              * @param {Function} func The function to restrict.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new restricted function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * jQuery(element).on('click', _.before(5, addContactToList));
+              * // => Allows adding up to 4 contacts to the list.
+              */
 
-           if (window.JSONP_FIX) {
-               if (window.JSONP_DELAY === 0) {
-                   callback(window.JSONP_FIX);
-               } else {
-                   var t = window.setTimeout(function() {
-                       callback(window.JSONP_FIX);
-                   }, window.JSONP_DELAY || 0);
 
-                   request.abort = function() { window.clearTimeout(t); };
-               }
+             function before(n, func) {
+               var result;
 
-               return request;
-           }
+               if (typeof func != 'function') {
+                 throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
+               }
 
-           function rand() {
-               var chars = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
-               var c = '';
-               var i = -1;
-               while (++i < 15) c += chars.charAt(Math.floor(Math.random() * 52));
-               return c;
-           }
+               n = toInteger(n);
+               return function () {
+                 if (--n > 0) {
+                   result = func.apply(this, arguments);
+                 }
 
-           function create(url) {
-               var e = url.match(/callback=(\w+)/);
-               var c = e ? e[1] : rand();
+                 if (n <= 1) {
+                   func = undefined$1;
+                 }
 
-               jsonpCache[c] = function(data) {
-                   if (jsonpCache[c]) {
-                       callback(data);
-                   }
-                   finalize();
+                 return result;
                };
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that invokes `func` with the `this` binding of `thisArg`
+              * and `partials` prepended to the arguments it receives.
+              *
+              * The `_.bind.placeholder` value, which defaults to `_` in monolithic builds,
+              * may be used as a placeholder for partially applied arguments.
+              *
+              * **Note:** Unlike native `Function#bind`, this method doesn't set the "length"
+              * property of bound functions.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to bind.
+              * @param {*} thisArg The `this` binding of `func`.
+              * @param {...*} [partials] The arguments to be partially applied.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new bound function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function greet(greeting, punctuation) {
+              *   return greeting + ' ' + this.user + punctuation;
+              * }
+              *
+              * var object = { 'user': 'fred' };
+              *
+              * var bound = _.bind(greet, object, 'hi');
+              * bound('!');
+              * // => 'hi fred!'
+              *
+              * // Bound with placeholders.
+              * var bound = _.bind(greet, object, _, '!');
+              * bound('hi');
+              * // => 'hi fred!'
+              */
 
-               function finalize() {
-                   delete jsonpCache[c];
-                   script.remove();
-               }
-
-               request.abort = finalize;
-               return 'jsonpCache.' + c;
-           }
-
-           var cb = create(url);
 
-           var script = select('head')
-               .append('script')
-               .attr('type', 'text/javascript')
-               .attr('src', url.replace(/(\{|%7B)callback(\}|%7D)/, cb));
+             var bind = baseRest(function (func, thisArg, partials) {
+               var bitmask = WRAP_BIND_FLAG;
 
-           return request;
-       }
+               if (partials.length) {
+                 var holders = replaceHolders(partials, getHolder(bind));
+                 bitmask |= WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG;
+               }
 
-       const bubbleApi = 'https://dev.virtualearth.net/mapcontrol/HumanScaleServices/GetBubbles.ashx?';
-       const streetsideImagesApi = 'https://t.ssl.ak.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/';
-       const bubbleAppKey = 'AuftgJsO0Xs8Ts4M1xZUQJQXJNsvmh3IV8DkNieCiy3tCwCUMq76-WpkrBtNAuEm';
-       const pannellumViewerCSS = 'pannellum-streetside/pannellum.css';
-       const pannellumViewerJS = 'pannellum-streetside/pannellum.js';
-       const maxResults$2 = 2000;
-       const tileZoom$2 = 16.5;
-       const tiler$6 = utilTiler().zoomExtent([tileZoom$2, tileZoom$2]).skipNullIsland(true);
-       const dispatch$7 = dispatch('loadedBubbles', 'viewerChanged');
-       const minHfov = 10;         // zoom in degrees:  20, 10, 5
-       const maxHfov = 90;         // zoom out degrees
-       const defaultHfov = 45;
-
-       let _hires = false;
-       let _resolution = 512;    // higher numbers are slower - 512, 1024, 2048, 4096
-       let _currScene = 0;
-       let _ssCache;
-       let _pannellumViewer;
-       let _sceneOptions;
-       let _dataUrlArray = [];
+               return createWrap(func, bitmask, thisArg, partials, holders);
+             });
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that invokes the method at `object[key]` with `partials`
+              * prepended to the arguments it receives.
+              *
+              * This method differs from `_.bind` by allowing bound functions to reference
+              * methods that may be redefined or don't yet exist. See
+              * [Peter Michaux's article](http://peter.michaux.ca/articles/lazy-function-definition-pattern)
+              * for more details.
+              *
+              * The `_.bindKey.placeholder` value, which defaults to `_` in monolithic
+              * builds, may be used as a placeholder for partially applied arguments.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.10.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Object} object The object to invoke the method on.
+              * @param {string} key The key of the method.
+              * @param {...*} [partials] The arguments to be partially applied.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new bound function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = {
+              *   'user': 'fred',
+              *   'greet': function(greeting, punctuation) {
+              *     return greeting + ' ' + this.user + punctuation;
+              *   }
+              * };
+              *
+              * var bound = _.bindKey(object, 'greet', 'hi');
+              * bound('!');
+              * // => 'hi fred!'
+              *
+              * object.greet = function(greeting, punctuation) {
+              *   return greeting + 'ya ' + this.user + punctuation;
+              * };
+              *
+              * bound('!');
+              * // => 'hiya fred!'
+              *
+              * // Bound with placeholders.
+              * var bound = _.bindKey(object, 'greet', _, '!');
+              * bound('hi');
+              * // => 'hiya fred!'
+              */
 
+             var bindKey = baseRest(function (object, key, partials) {
+               var bitmask = WRAP_BIND_FLAG | WRAP_BIND_KEY_FLAG;
 
-       /**
-        * abortRequest().
-        */
-       function abortRequest$6(i) {
-         i.abort();
-       }
+               if (partials.length) {
+                 var holders = replaceHolders(partials, getHolder(bindKey));
+                 bitmask |= WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG;
+               }
 
+               return createWrap(key, bitmask, object, partials, holders);
+             });
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that accepts arguments of `func` and either invokes
+              * `func` returning its result, if at least `arity` number of arguments have
+              * been provided, or returns a function that accepts the remaining `func`
+              * arguments, and so on. The arity of `func` may be specified if `func.length`
+              * is not sufficient.
+              *
+              * The `_.curry.placeholder` value, which defaults to `_` in monolithic builds,
+              * may be used as a placeholder for provided arguments.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method doesn't set the "length" property of curried functions.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.0.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to curry.
+              * @param {number} [arity=func.length] The arity of `func`.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new curried function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var abc = function(a, b, c) {
+              *   return [a, b, c];
+              * };
+              *
+              * var curried = _.curry(abc);
+              *
+              * curried(1)(2)(3);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3]
+              *
+              * curried(1, 2)(3);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3]
+              *
+              * curried(1, 2, 3);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3]
+              *
+              * // Curried with placeholders.
+              * curried(1)(_, 3)(2);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3]
+              */
 
-       /**
-        * localeTimeStamp().
-        */
-       function localeTimestamp(s) {
-         if (!s) return null;
-         const options = { day: 'numeric', month: 'short', year: 'numeric' };
-         const d = new Date(s);
-         if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
-         return d.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
-       }
+             function curry(func, arity, guard) {
+               arity = guard ? undefined$1 : arity;
+               var result = createWrap(func, WRAP_CURRY_FLAG, undefined$1, undefined$1, undefined$1, undefined$1, undefined$1, arity);
+               result.placeholder = curry.placeholder;
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.curry` except that arguments are applied to `func`
+              * in the manner of `_.partialRight` instead of `_.partial`.
+              *
+              * The `_.curryRight.placeholder` value, which defaults to `_` in monolithic
+              * builds, may be used as a placeholder for provided arguments.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method doesn't set the "length" property of curried functions.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to curry.
+              * @param {number} [arity=func.length] The arity of `func`.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new curried function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var abc = function(a, b, c) {
+              *   return [a, b, c];
+              * };
+              *
+              * var curried = _.curryRight(abc);
+              *
+              * curried(3)(2)(1);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3]
+              *
+              * curried(2, 3)(1);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3]
+              *
+              * curried(1, 2, 3);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3]
+              *
+              * // Curried with placeholders.
+              * curried(3)(1, _)(2);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3]
+              */
 
 
-       /**
-        * loadTiles() wraps the process of generating tiles and then fetching image points for each tile.
-        */
-       function loadTiles$2(which, url, projection, margin) {
-         const tiles = tiler$6.margin(margin).getTiles(projection);
+             function curryRight(func, arity, guard) {
+               arity = guard ? undefined$1 : arity;
+               var result = createWrap(func, WRAP_CURRY_RIGHT_FLAG, undefined$1, undefined$1, undefined$1, undefined$1, undefined$1, arity);
+               result.placeholder = curryRight.placeholder;
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a debounced function that delays invoking `func` until after `wait`
+              * milliseconds have elapsed since the last time the debounced function was
+              * invoked. The debounced function comes with a `cancel` method to cancel
+              * delayed `func` invocations and a `flush` method to immediately invoke them.
+              * Provide `options` to indicate whether `func` should be invoked on the
+              * leading and/or trailing edge of the `wait` timeout. The `func` is invoked
+              * with the last arguments provided to the debounced function. Subsequent
+              * calls to the debounced function return the result of the last `func`
+              * invocation.
+              *
+              * **Note:** If `leading` and `trailing` options are `true`, `func` is
+              * invoked on the trailing edge of the timeout only if the debounced function
+              * is invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout.
+              *
+              * If `wait` is `0` and `leading` is `false`, `func` invocation is deferred
+              * until to the next tick, similar to `setTimeout` with a timeout of `0`.
+              *
+              * See [David Corbacho's article](https://css-tricks.com/debouncing-throttling-explained-examples/)
+              * for details over the differences between `_.debounce` and `_.throttle`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to debounce.
+              * @param {number} [wait=0] The number of milliseconds to delay.
+              * @param {Object} [options={}] The options object.
+              * @param {boolean} [options.leading=false]
+              *  Specify invoking on the leading edge of the timeout.
+              * @param {number} [options.maxWait]
+              *  The maximum time `func` is allowed to be delayed before it's invoked.
+              * @param {boolean} [options.trailing=true]
+              *  Specify invoking on the trailing edge of the timeout.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new debounced function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * // Avoid costly calculations while the window size is in flux.
+              * jQuery(window).on('resize', _.debounce(calculateLayout, 150));
+              *
+              * // Invoke `sendMail` when clicked, debouncing subsequent calls.
+              * jQuery(element).on('click', _.debounce(sendMail, 300, {
+              *   'leading': true,
+              *   'trailing': false
+              * }));
+              *
+              * // Ensure `batchLog` is invoked once after 1 second of debounced calls.
+              * var debounced = _.debounce(batchLog, 250, { 'maxWait': 1000 });
+              * var source = new EventSource('/stream');
+              * jQuery(source).on('message', debounced);
+              *
+              * // Cancel the trailing debounced invocation.
+              * jQuery(window).on('popstate', debounced.cancel);
+              */
 
-         // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
-         const cache = _ssCache[which];
-         Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(k => {
-           const wanted = tiles.find(tile => k.indexOf(tile.id + ',') === 0);
-           if (!wanted) {
-             abortRequest$6(cache.inflight[k]);
-             delete cache.inflight[k];
-           }
-         });
 
-         tiles.forEach(tile => loadNextTilePage$2(which, url, tile));
-       }
+             function debounce(func, wait, options) {
+               var lastArgs,
+                   lastThis,
+                   maxWait,
+                   result,
+                   timerId,
+                   lastCallTime,
+                   lastInvokeTime = 0,
+                   leading = false,
+                   maxing = false,
+                   trailing = true;
 
+               if (typeof func != 'function') {
+                 throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
+               }
 
-       /**
-        * loadNextTilePage() load data for the next tile page in line.
-        */
-       function loadNextTilePage$2(which, url, tile) {
-         const cache = _ssCache[which];
-         const nextPage = cache.nextPage[tile.id] || 0;
-         const id = tile.id + ',' + String(nextPage);
-         if (cache.loaded[id] || cache.inflight[id]) return;
+               wait = toNumber(wait) || 0;
 
-         cache.inflight[id] = getBubbles(url, tile, (bubbles) => {
-           cache.loaded[id] = true;
-           delete cache.inflight[id];
-           if (!bubbles) return;
+               if (isObject(options)) {
+                 leading = !!options.leading;
+                 maxing = 'maxWait' in options;
+                 maxWait = maxing ? nativeMax(toNumber(options.maxWait) || 0, wait) : maxWait;
+                 trailing = 'trailing' in options ? !!options.trailing : trailing;
+               }
 
-           // [].shift() removes the first element, some statistics info, not a bubble point
-           bubbles.shift();
+               function invokeFunc(time) {
+                 var args = lastArgs,
+                     thisArg = lastThis;
+                 lastArgs = lastThis = undefined$1;
+                 lastInvokeTime = time;
+                 result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
+                 return result;
+               }
 
-           const features = bubbles.map(bubble => {
-             if (cache.points[bubble.id]) return null;  // skip duplicates
+               function leadingEdge(time) {
+                 // Reset any `maxWait` timer.
+                 lastInvokeTime = time; // Start the timer for the trailing edge.
 
-             const loc = [bubble.lo, bubble.la];
-             const d = {
-               loc: loc,
-               key: bubble.id,
-               ca: bubble.he,
-               captured_at: bubble.cd,
-               captured_by: 'microsoft',
-               // nbn: bubble.nbn,
-               // pbn: bubble.pbn,
-               // ad: bubble.ad,
-               // rn: bubble.rn,
-               pr: bubble.pr,  // previous
-               ne: bubble.ne,  // next
-               pano: true,
-               sequenceKey: null
-             };
+                 timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait); // Invoke the leading edge.
 
-             cache.points[bubble.id] = d;
+                 return leading ? invokeFunc(time) : result;
+               }
 
-             // a sequence starts here
-             if (bubble.pr === undefined) {
-               cache.leaders.push(bubble.id);
-             }
+               function remainingWait(time) {
+                 var timeSinceLastCall = time - lastCallTime,
+                     timeSinceLastInvoke = time - lastInvokeTime,
+                     timeWaiting = wait - timeSinceLastCall;
+                 return maxing ? nativeMin(timeWaiting, maxWait - timeSinceLastInvoke) : timeWaiting;
+               }
 
-             return {
-               minX: loc[0], minY: loc[1], maxX: loc[0], maxY: loc[1], data: d
-             };
+               function shouldInvoke(time) {
+                 var timeSinceLastCall = time - lastCallTime,
+                     timeSinceLastInvoke = time - lastInvokeTime; // Either this is the first call, activity has stopped and we're at the
+                 // trailing edge, the system time has gone backwards and we're treating
+                 // it as the trailing edge, or we've hit the `maxWait` limit.
 
-           }).filter(Boolean);
+                 return lastCallTime === undefined$1 || timeSinceLastCall >= wait || timeSinceLastCall < 0 || maxing && timeSinceLastInvoke >= maxWait;
+               }
 
-           cache.rtree.load(features);
+               function timerExpired() {
+                 var time = now();
 
-           connectSequences();
+                 if (shouldInvoke(time)) {
+                   return trailingEdge(time);
+                 } // Restart the timer.
 
-           if (which === 'bubbles') {
-             dispatch$7.call('loadedBubbles');
-           }
-         });
-       }
 
+                 timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, remainingWait(time));
+               }
 
-       // call this sometimes to connect the bubbles into sequences
-       function connectSequences() {
-         let cache = _ssCache.bubbles;
-         let keepLeaders = [];
+               function trailingEdge(time) {
+                 timerId = undefined$1; // Only invoke if we have `lastArgs` which means `func` has been
+                 // debounced at least once.
 
-         for (let i = 0; i < cache.leaders.length; i++) {
-           let bubble = cache.points[cache.leaders[i]];
-           let seen = {};
+                 if (trailing && lastArgs) {
+                   return invokeFunc(time);
+                 }
 
-           // try to make a sequence.. use the key of the leader bubble.
-           let sequence = { key: bubble.key, bubbles: [] };
-           let complete = false;
+                 lastArgs = lastThis = undefined$1;
+                 return result;
+               }
 
-           do {
-             sequence.bubbles.push(bubble);
-             seen[bubble.key] = true;
+               function cancel() {
+                 if (timerId !== undefined$1) {
+                   clearTimeout(timerId);
+                 }
 
-             if (bubble.ne === undefined) {
-               complete = true;
-             } else {
-               bubble = cache.points[bubble.ne];  // advance to next
-             }
-           } while (bubble && !seen[bubble.key] && !complete);
+                 lastInvokeTime = 0;
+                 lastArgs = lastCallTime = lastThis = timerId = undefined$1;
+               }
 
+               function flush() {
+                 return timerId === undefined$1 ? result : trailingEdge(now());
+               }
 
-           if (complete) {
-             _ssCache.sequences[sequence.key] = sequence;
+               function debounced() {
+                 var time = now(),
+                     isInvoking = shouldInvoke(time);
+                 lastArgs = arguments;
+                 lastThis = this;
+                 lastCallTime = time;
 
-             // assign bubbles to the sequence
-             for (let j = 0; j < sequence.bubbles.length; j++) {
-               sequence.bubbles[j].sequenceKey = sequence.key;
-             }
+                 if (isInvoking) {
+                   if (timerId === undefined$1) {
+                     return leadingEdge(lastCallTime);
+                   }
 
-             // create a GeoJSON LineString
-             sequence.geojson = {
-               type: 'LineString',
-               properties: { key: sequence.key },
-               coordinates: sequence.bubbles.map(d => d.loc)
-             };
+                   if (maxing) {
+                     // Handle invocations in a tight loop.
+                     clearTimeout(timerId);
+                     timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait);
+                     return invokeFunc(lastCallTime);
+                   }
+                 }
 
-           } else {
-             keepLeaders.push(cache.leaders[i]);
-           }
-         }
+                 if (timerId === undefined$1) {
+                   timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait);
+                 }
 
-         // couldn't complete these, save for later
-         cache.leaders = keepLeaders;
-       }
+                 return result;
+               }
 
+               debounced.cancel = cancel;
+               debounced.flush = flush;
+               return debounced;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Defers invoking the `func` until the current call stack has cleared. Any
+              * additional arguments are provided to `func` when it's invoked.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to defer.
+              * @param {...*} [args] The arguments to invoke `func` with.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the timer id.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.defer(function(text) {
+              *   console.log(text);
+              * }, 'deferred');
+              * // => Logs 'deferred' after one millisecond.
+              */
 
-       /**
-        * getBubbles() handles the request to the server for a tile extent of 'bubbles' (streetside image locations).
-        */
-       function getBubbles(url, tile, callback) {
-         let rect = tile.extent.rectangle();
-         let urlForRequest = url + utilQsString({
-           n: rect[3],
-           s: rect[1],
-           e: rect[2],
-           w: rect[0],
-           c: maxResults$2,
-           appkey: bubbleAppKey,
-           jsCallback: '{callback}'
-         });
 
-         return jsonpRequest(urlForRequest, (data) => {
-           if (!data || data.error) {
-             callback(null);
-           } else {
-             callback(data);
-           }
-         });
-       }
+             var defer = baseRest(function (func, args) {
+               return baseDelay(func, 1, args);
+             });
+             /**
+              * Invokes `func` after `wait` milliseconds. Any additional arguments are
+              * provided to `func` when it's invoked.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to delay.
+              * @param {number} wait The number of milliseconds to delay invocation.
+              * @param {...*} [args] The arguments to invoke `func` with.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the timer id.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.delay(function(text) {
+              *   console.log(text);
+              * }, 1000, 'later');
+              * // => Logs 'later' after one second.
+              */
 
+             var delay = baseRest(function (func, wait, args) {
+               return baseDelay(func, toNumber(wait) || 0, args);
+             });
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that invokes `func` with arguments reversed.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to flip arguments for.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new flipped function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var flipped = _.flip(function() {
+              *   return _.toArray(arguments);
+              * });
+              *
+              * flipped('a', 'b', 'c', 'd');
+              * // => ['d', 'c', 'b', 'a']
+              */
 
-       // partition viewport into higher zoom tiles
-       function partitionViewport$2(projection) {
-         let z = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
-         let z2 = (Math.ceil(z * 2) / 2) + 2.5;   // round to next 0.5 and add 2.5
-         let tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([z2, z2]);
+             function flip(func) {
+               return createWrap(func, WRAP_FLIP_FLAG);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that memoizes the result of `func`. If `resolver` is
+              * provided, it determines the cache key for storing the result based on the
+              * arguments provided to the memoized function. By default, the first argument
+              * provided to the memoized function is used as the map cache key. The `func`
+              * is invoked with the `this` binding of the memoized function.
+              *
+              * **Note:** The cache is exposed as the `cache` property on the memoized
+              * function. Its creation may be customized by replacing the `_.memoize.Cache`
+              * constructor with one whose instances implement the
+              * [`Map`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-properties-of-the-map-prototype-object)
+              * method interface of `clear`, `delete`, `get`, `has`, and `set`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to have its output memoized.
+              * @param {Function} [resolver] The function to resolve the cache key.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new memoized function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': 1, 'b': 2 };
+              * var other = { 'c': 3, 'd': 4 };
+              *
+              * var values = _.memoize(_.values);
+              * values(object);
+              * // => [1, 2]
+              *
+              * values(other);
+              * // => [3, 4]
+              *
+              * object.a = 2;
+              * values(object);
+              * // => [1, 2]
+              *
+              * // Modify the result cache.
+              * values.cache.set(object, ['a', 'b']);
+              * values(object);
+              * // => ['a', 'b']
+              *
+              * // Replace `_.memoize.Cache`.
+              * _.memoize.Cache = WeakMap;
+              */
 
-         return tiler.getTiles(projection)
-           .map(tile => tile.extent);
-       }
 
+             function memoize(func, resolver) {
+               if (typeof func != 'function' || resolver != null && typeof resolver != 'function') {
+                 throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
+               }
 
-       // no more than `limit` results per partition.
-       function searchLimited$2(limit, projection, rtree) {
-         limit = limit || 5;
+               var memoized = function memoized() {
+                 var args = arguments,
+                     key = resolver ? resolver.apply(this, args) : args[0],
+                     cache = memoized.cache;
 
-         return partitionViewport$2(projection)
-           .reduce((result, extent) => {
-             let found = rtree.search(extent.bbox())
-               .slice(0, limit)
-               .map(d => d.data);
+                 if (cache.has(key)) {
+                   return cache.get(key);
+                 }
 
-             return (found.length ? result.concat(found) : result);
-           }, []);
-       }
+                 var result = func.apply(this, args);
+                 memoized.cache = cache.set(key, result) || cache;
+                 return result;
+               };
 
+               memoized.cache = new (memoize.Cache || MapCache)();
+               return memoized;
+             } // Expose `MapCache`.
 
-       /**
-        * loadImage()
-        */
-       function loadImage(imgInfo) {
-         return new Promise(resolve => {
-           let img = new Image();
-           img.onload = () => {
-             let canvas = document.getElementById('ideditor-canvas' + imgInfo.face);
-             let ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
-             ctx.drawImage(img, imgInfo.x, imgInfo.y);
-             resolve({ imgInfo: imgInfo, status: 'ok' });
-           };
-           img.onerror = () => {
-             resolve({ data: imgInfo, status: 'error' });
-           };
-           img.setAttribute('crossorigin', '');
-           img.src = imgInfo.url;
-         });
-       }
 
+             memoize.Cache = MapCache;
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that negates the result of the predicate `func`. The
+              * `func` predicate is invoked with the `this` binding and arguments of the
+              * created function.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} predicate The predicate to negate.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new negated function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function isEven(n) {
+              *   return n % 2 == 0;
+              * }
+              *
+              * _.filter([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], _.negate(isEven));
+              * // => [1, 3, 5]
+              */
 
-       /**
-        * loadCanvas()
-        */
-       function loadCanvas(imageGroup) {
-         return Promise.all(imageGroup.map(loadImage))
-           .then((data) => {
-             let canvas = document.getElementById('ideditor-canvas' + data[0].imgInfo.face);
-             const which = { '01': 0, '02': 1, '03': 2, '10': 3, '11': 4, '12': 5 };
-             let face = data[0].imgInfo.face;
-             _dataUrlArray[which[face]] = canvas.toDataURL('image/jpeg', 1.0);
-             return { status: 'loadCanvas for face ' + data[0].imgInfo.face + 'ok'};
-           });
-       }
+             function negate(predicate) {
+               if (typeof predicate != 'function') {
+                 throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
+               }
 
+               return function () {
+                 var args = arguments;
 
-       /**
-        * loadFaces()
-        */
-       function loadFaces(faceGroup) {
-         return Promise.all(faceGroup.map(loadCanvas))
-           .then(() => { return { status: 'loadFaces done' }; });
-       }
+                 switch (args.length) {
+                   case 0:
+                     return !predicate.call(this);
 
+                   case 1:
+                     return !predicate.call(this, args[0]);
 
-       function setupCanvas(selection, reset) {
-         if (reset) {
-           selection.selectAll('#ideditor-stitcher-canvases')
-             .remove();
-         }
+                   case 2:
+                     return !predicate.call(this, args[0], args[1]);
 
-         // Add the Streetside working canvases. These are used for 'stitching', or combining,
-         // multiple images for each of the six faces, before passing to the Pannellum control as DataUrls
-         selection.selectAll('#ideditor-stitcher-canvases')
-           .data([0])
-           .enter()
-           .append('div')
-           .attr('id', 'ideditor-stitcher-canvases')
-           .attr('display', 'none')
-           .selectAll('canvas')
-           .data(['canvas01', 'canvas02', 'canvas03', 'canvas10', 'canvas11', 'canvas12'])
-           .enter()
-           .append('canvas')
-           .attr('id', d => 'ideditor-' + d)
-           .attr('width', _resolution)
-           .attr('height', _resolution);
-       }
+                   case 3:
+                     return !predicate.call(this, args[0], args[1], args[2]);
+                 }
 
+                 return !predicate.apply(this, args);
+               };
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that is restricted to invoking `func` once. Repeat calls
+              * to the function return the value of the first invocation. The `func` is
+              * invoked with the `this` binding and arguments of the created function.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to restrict.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new restricted function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var initialize = _.once(createApplication);
+              * initialize();
+              * initialize();
+              * // => `createApplication` is invoked once
+              */
 
-       function qkToXY(qk) {
-         let x = 0;
-         let y = 0;
-         let scale = 256;
-         for (let i = qk.length; i > 0; i--) {
-           const key = qk[i-1];
-           x += (+(key === '1' || key === '3')) * scale;
-           y += (+(key === '2' || key === '3')) * scale;
-           scale *= 2;
-         }
-         return [x, y];
-       }
 
+             function once(func) {
+               return before(2, func);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that invokes `func` with its arguments transformed.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to wrap.
+              * @param {...(Function|Function[])} [transforms=[_.identity]]
+              *  The argument transforms.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function doubled(n) {
+              *   return n * 2;
+              * }
+              *
+              * function square(n) {
+              *   return n * n;
+              * }
+              *
+              * var func = _.overArgs(function(x, y) {
+              *   return [x, y];
+              * }, [square, doubled]);
+              *
+              * func(9, 3);
+              * // => [81, 6]
+              *
+              * func(10, 5);
+              * // => [100, 10]
+              */
 
-       function getQuadKeys() {
-         let dim = _resolution / 256;
-         let quadKeys;
 
-         if (dim === 16) {
-           quadKeys = [
-             '0000','0001','0010','0011','0100','0101','0110','0111',  '1000','1001','1010','1011','1100','1101','1110','1111',
-             '0002','0003','0012','0013','0102','0103','0112','0113',  '1002','1003','1012','1013','1102','1103','1112','1113',
-             '0020','0021','0030','0031','0120','0121','0130','0131',  '1020','1021','1030','1031','1120','1121','1130','1131',
-             '0022','0023','0032','0033','0122','0123','0132','0133',  '1022','1023','1032','1033','1122','1123','1132','1133',
-             '0200','0201','0210','0211','0300','0301','0310','0311',  '1200','1201','1210','1211','1300','1301','1310','1311',
-             '0202','0203','0212','0213','0302','0303','0312','0313',  '1202','1203','1212','1213','1302','1303','1312','1313',
-             '0220','0221','0230','0231','0320','0321','0330','0331',  '1220','1221','1230','1231','1320','1321','1330','1331',
-             '0222','0223','0232','0233','0322','0323','0332','0333',  '1222','1223','1232','1233','1322','1323','1332','1333',
-
-             '2000','2001','2010','2011','2100','2101','2110','2111',  '3000','3001','3010','3011','3100','3101','3110','3111',
-             '2002','2003','2012','2013','2102','2103','2112','2113',  '3002','3003','3012','3013','3102','3103','3112','3113',
-             '2020','2021','2030','2031','2120','2121','2130','2131',  '3020','3021','3030','3031','3120','3121','3130','3131',
-             '2022','2023','2032','2033','2122','2123','2132','2133',  '3022','3023','3032','3033','3122','3123','3132','3133',
-             '2200','2201','2210','2211','2300','2301','2310','2311',  '3200','3201','3210','3211','3300','3301','3310','3311',
-             '2202','2203','2212','2213','2302','2303','2312','2313',  '3202','3203','3212','3213','3302','3303','3312','3313',
-             '2220','2221','2230','2231','2320','2321','2330','2331',  '3220','3221','3230','3231','3320','3321','3330','3331',
-             '2222','2223','2232','2233','2322','2323','2332','2333',  '3222','3223','3232','3233','3322','3323','3332','3333'
-           ];
+             var overArgs = castRest(function (func, transforms) {
+               transforms = transforms.length == 1 && isArray(transforms[0]) ? arrayMap(transforms[0], baseUnary(getIteratee())) : arrayMap(baseFlatten(transforms, 1), baseUnary(getIteratee()));
+               var funcsLength = transforms.length;
+               return baseRest(function (args) {
+                 var index = -1,
+                     length = nativeMin(args.length, funcsLength);
 
-         } else if (dim === 8) {
-           quadKeys = [
-             '000','001','010','011',  '100','101','110','111',
-             '002','003','012','013',  '102','103','112','113',
-             '020','021','030','031',  '120','121','130','131',
-             '022','023','032','033',  '122','123','132','133',
-
-             '200','201','210','211',  '300','301','310','311',
-             '202','203','212','213',  '302','303','312','313',
-             '220','221','230','231',  '320','321','330','331',
-             '222','223','232','233',  '322','323','332','333'
-           ];
+                 while (++index < length) {
+                   args[index] = transforms[index].call(this, args[index]);
+                 }
 
-         } else if (dim === 4) {
-           quadKeys = [
-             '00','01',  '10','11',
-             '02','03',  '12','13',
+                 return apply(func, this, args);
+               });
+             });
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that invokes `func` with `partials` prepended to the
+              * arguments it receives. This method is like `_.bind` except it does **not**
+              * alter the `this` binding.
+              *
+              * The `_.partial.placeholder` value, which defaults to `_` in monolithic
+              * builds, may be used as a placeholder for partially applied arguments.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method doesn't set the "length" property of partially
+              * applied functions.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.2.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to partially apply arguments to.
+              * @param {...*} [partials] The arguments to be partially applied.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new partially applied function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function greet(greeting, name) {
+              *   return greeting + ' ' + name;
+              * }
+              *
+              * var sayHelloTo = _.partial(greet, 'hello');
+              * sayHelloTo('fred');
+              * // => 'hello fred'
+              *
+              * // Partially applied with placeholders.
+              * var greetFred = _.partial(greet, _, 'fred');
+              * greetFred('hi');
+              * // => 'hi fred'
+              */
 
-             '20','21',  '30','31',
-             '22','23',  '32','33'
-           ];
+             var partial = baseRest(function (func, partials) {
+               var holders = replaceHolders(partials, getHolder(partial));
+               return createWrap(func, WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG, undefined$1, partials, holders);
+             });
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.partial` except that partially applied arguments
+              * are appended to the arguments it receives.
+              *
+              * The `_.partialRight.placeholder` value, which defaults to `_` in monolithic
+              * builds, may be used as a placeholder for partially applied arguments.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method doesn't set the "length" property of partially
+              * applied functions.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 1.0.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to partially apply arguments to.
+              * @param {...*} [partials] The arguments to be partially applied.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new partially applied function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function greet(greeting, name) {
+              *   return greeting + ' ' + name;
+              * }
+              *
+              * var greetFred = _.partialRight(greet, 'fred');
+              * greetFred('hi');
+              * // => 'hi fred'
+              *
+              * // Partially applied with placeholders.
+              * var sayHelloTo = _.partialRight(greet, 'hello', _);
+              * sayHelloTo('fred');
+              * // => 'hello fred'
+              */
 
-         } else {  // dim === 2
-           quadKeys = [
-             '0', '1',
-             '2', '3'
-           ];
-         }
+             var partialRight = baseRest(function (func, partials) {
+               var holders = replaceHolders(partials, getHolder(partialRight));
+               return createWrap(func, WRAP_PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG, undefined$1, partials, holders);
+             });
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that invokes `func` with arguments arranged according
+              * to the specified `indexes` where the argument value at the first index is
+              * provided as the first argument, the argument value at the second index is
+              * provided as the second argument, and so on.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to rearrange arguments for.
+              * @param {...(number|number[])} indexes The arranged argument indexes.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var rearged = _.rearg(function(a, b, c) {
+              *   return [a, b, c];
+              * }, [2, 0, 1]);
+              *
+              * rearged('b', 'c', 'a')
+              * // => ['a', 'b', 'c']
+              */
 
-         return quadKeys;
-       }
+             var rearg = flatRest(function (func, indexes) {
+               return createWrap(func, WRAP_REARG_FLAG, undefined$1, undefined$1, undefined$1, indexes);
+             });
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that invokes `func` with the `this` binding of the
+              * created function and arguments from `start` and beyond provided as
+              * an array.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method is based on the
+              * [rest parameter](https://mdn.io/rest_parameters).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to apply a rest parameter to.
+              * @param {number} [start=func.length-1] The start position of the rest parameter.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var say = _.rest(function(what, names) {
+              *   return what + ' ' + _.initial(names).join(', ') +
+              *     (_.size(names) > 1 ? ', & ' : '') + _.last(names);
+              * });
+              *
+              * say('hello', 'fred', 'barney', 'pebbles');
+              * // => 'hello fred, barney, & pebbles'
+              */
 
+             function rest(func, start) {
+               if (typeof func != 'function') {
+                 throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
+               }
 
+               start = start === undefined$1 ? start : toInteger(start);
+               return baseRest(func, start);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that invokes `func` with the `this` binding of the
+              * create function and an array of arguments much like
+              * [`Function#apply`](http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-function.prototype.apply).
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method is based on the
+              * [spread operator](https://mdn.io/spread_operator).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.2.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to spread arguments over.
+              * @param {number} [start=0] The start position of the spread.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var say = _.spread(function(who, what) {
+              *   return who + ' says ' + what;
+              * });
+              *
+              * say(['fred', 'hello']);
+              * // => 'fred says hello'
+              *
+              * var numbers = Promise.all([
+              *   Promise.resolve(40),
+              *   Promise.resolve(36)
+              * ]);
+              *
+              * numbers.then(_.spread(function(x, y) {
+              *   return x + y;
+              * }));
+              * // => a Promise of 76
+              */
 
-       var serviceStreetside = {
-         /**
-          * init() initialize streetside.
-          */
-         init: function() {
-           if (!_ssCache) {
-             this.reset();
-           }
 
-           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$7, 'on');
-         },
+             function spread(func, start) {
+               if (typeof func != 'function') {
+                 throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
+               }
 
-         /**
-          * reset() reset the cache.
-          */
-         reset: function() {
-           if (_ssCache) {
-             Object.values(_ssCache.bubbles.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$6);
-           }
+               start = start == null ? 0 : nativeMax(toInteger(start), 0);
+               return baseRest(function (args) {
+                 var array = args[start],
+                     otherArgs = castSlice(args, 0, start);
 
-           _ssCache = {
-             bubbles: { inflight: {}, loaded: {}, nextPage: {}, rtree: new RBush(), points: {}, leaders: [] },
-             sequences: {}
-           };
-         },
+                 if (array) {
+                   arrayPush(otherArgs, array);
+                 }
 
-         /**
-          * bubbles()
-          */
-         bubbles: function(projection) {
-           const limit = 5;
-           return searchLimited$2(limit, projection, _ssCache.bubbles.rtree);
-         },
+                 return apply(func, this, otherArgs);
+               });
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a throttled function that only invokes `func` at most once per
+              * every `wait` milliseconds. The throttled function comes with a `cancel`
+              * method to cancel delayed `func` invocations and a `flush` method to
+              * immediately invoke them. Provide `options` to indicate whether `func`
+              * should be invoked on the leading and/or trailing edge of the `wait`
+              * timeout. The `func` is invoked with the last arguments provided to the
+              * throttled function. Subsequent calls to the throttled function return the
+              * result of the last `func` invocation.
+              *
+              * **Note:** If `leading` and `trailing` options are `true`, `func` is
+              * invoked on the trailing edge of the timeout only if the throttled function
+              * is invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout.
+              *
+              * If `wait` is `0` and `leading` is `false`, `func` invocation is deferred
+              * until to the next tick, similar to `setTimeout` with a timeout of `0`.
+              *
+              * See [David Corbacho's article](https://css-tricks.com/debouncing-throttling-explained-examples/)
+              * for details over the differences between `_.throttle` and `_.debounce`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to throttle.
+              * @param {number} [wait=0] The number of milliseconds to throttle invocations to.
+              * @param {Object} [options={}] The options object.
+              * @param {boolean} [options.leading=true]
+              *  Specify invoking on the leading edge of the timeout.
+              * @param {boolean} [options.trailing=true]
+              *  Specify invoking on the trailing edge of the timeout.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new throttled function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * // Avoid excessively updating the position while scrolling.
+              * jQuery(window).on('scroll', _.throttle(updatePosition, 100));
+              *
+              * // Invoke `renewToken` when the click event is fired, but not more than once every 5 minutes.
+              * var throttled = _.throttle(renewToken, 300000, { 'trailing': false });
+              * jQuery(element).on('click', throttled);
+              *
+              * // Cancel the trailing throttled invocation.
+              * jQuery(window).on('popstate', throttled.cancel);
+              */
 
 
-         sequences: function(projection) {
-           const viewport = projection.clipExtent();
-           const min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
-           const max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
-           const bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
-           let seen = {};
-           let results = [];
+             function throttle(func, wait, options) {
+               var leading = true,
+                   trailing = true;
 
-           // all sequences for bubbles in viewport
-           _ssCache.bubbles.rtree.search(bbox)
-             .forEach(d => {
-               const key = d.data.sequenceKey;
-               if (key && !seen[key]) {
-                   seen[key] = true;
-                   results.push(_ssCache.sequences[key].geojson);
+               if (typeof func != 'function') {
+                 throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
                }
-             });
 
-           return results;
-         },
+               if (isObject(options)) {
+                 leading = 'leading' in options ? !!options.leading : leading;
+                 trailing = 'trailing' in options ? !!options.trailing : trailing;
+               }
 
+               return debounce(func, wait, {
+                 'leading': leading,
+                 'maxWait': wait,
+                 'trailing': trailing
+               });
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that accepts up to one argument, ignoring any
+              * additional arguments.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {Function} func The function to cap arguments for.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new capped function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.map(['6', '8', '10'], _.unary(parseInt));
+              * // => [6, 8, 10]
+              */
 
-         /**
-          * loadBubbles()
-          */
-         loadBubbles: function(projection, margin) {
-           // by default: request 2 nearby tiles so we can connect sequences.
-           if (margin === undefined) margin = 2;
 
-           loadTiles$2('bubbles', bubbleApi, projection, margin);
-         },
+             function unary(func) {
+               return ary(func, 1);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that provides `value` to `wrapper` as its first
+              * argument. Any additional arguments provided to the function are appended
+              * to those provided to the `wrapper`. The wrapper is invoked with the `this`
+              * binding of the created function.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Function
+              * @param {*} value The value to wrap.
+              * @param {Function} [wrapper=identity] The wrapper function.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var p = _.wrap(_.escape, function(func, text) {
+              *   return '<p>' + func(text) + '</p>';
+              * });
+              *
+              * p('fred, barney, & pebbles');
+              * // => '<p>fred, barney, &amp; pebbles</p>'
+              */
 
 
-         viewer: function() {
-           return _pannellumViewer;
-         },
+             function wrap(value, wrapper) {
+               return partial(castFunction(wrapper), value);
+             }
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
+             /**
+              * Casts `value` as an array if it's not one.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.4.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to inspect.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the cast array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.castArray(1);
+              * // => [1]
+              *
+              * _.castArray({ 'a': 1 });
+              * // => [{ 'a': 1 }]
+              *
+              * _.castArray('abc');
+              * // => ['abc']
+              *
+              * _.castArray(null);
+              * // => [null]
+              *
+              * _.castArray(undefined);
+              * // => [undefined]
+              *
+              * _.castArray();
+              * // => []
+              *
+              * var array = [1, 2, 3];
+              * console.log(_.castArray(array) === array);
+              * // => true
+              */
 
-         initViewer: function () {
-           if (!window.pannellum) return;
-           if (_pannellumViewer) return;
 
-           const sceneID = ++_currScene + '';
-           const options = {
-             'default': { firstScene: sceneID },
-             scenes: {}
-           };
-           options.scenes[sceneID] = _sceneOptions;
+             function castArray() {
+               if (!arguments.length) {
+                 return [];
+               }
 
-           _pannellumViewer = window.pannellum.viewer('ideditor-viewer-streetside', options);
-         },
+               var value = arguments[0];
+               return isArray(value) ? value : [value];
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a shallow clone of `value`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method is loosely based on the
+              * [structured clone algorithm](https://mdn.io/Structured_clone_algorithm)
+              * and supports cloning arrays, array buffers, booleans, date objects, maps,
+              * numbers, `Object` objects, regexes, sets, strings, symbols, and typed
+              * arrays. The own enumerable properties of `arguments` objects are cloned
+              * as plain objects. An empty object is returned for uncloneable values such
+              * as error objects, functions, DOM nodes, and WeakMaps.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to clone.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the cloned value.
+              * @see _.cloneDeep
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [{ 'a': 1 }, { 'b': 2 }];
+              *
+              * var shallow = _.clone(objects);
+              * console.log(shallow[0] === objects[0]);
+              * // => true
+              */
 
 
-         /**
-          * loadViewer() create the streeside viewer.
-          */
-         loadViewer: function(context) {
-           let that = this;
+             function clone(value) {
+               return baseClone(value, CLONE_SYMBOLS_FLAG);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.clone` except that it accepts `customizer` which
+              * is invoked to produce the cloned value. If `customizer` returns `undefined`,
+              * cloning is handled by the method instead. The `customizer` is invoked with
+              * up to four arguments; (value [, index|key, object, stack]).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to clone.
+              * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize cloning.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the cloned value.
+              * @see _.cloneDeepWith
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function customizer(value) {
+              *   if (_.isElement(value)) {
+              *     return value.cloneNode(false);
+              *   }
+              * }
+              *
+              * var el = _.cloneWith(document.body, customizer);
+              *
+              * console.log(el === document.body);
+              * // => false
+              * console.log(el.nodeName);
+              * // => 'BODY'
+              * console.log(el.childNodes.length);
+              * // => 0
+              */
 
-           let pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-           // create ms-wrapper, a photo wrapper class
-           let wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').selectAll('.ms-wrapper')
-             .data([0]);
+             function cloneWith(value, customizer) {
+               customizer = typeof customizer == 'function' ? customizer : undefined$1;
+               return baseClone(value, CLONE_SYMBOLS_FLAG, customizer);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.clone` except that it recursively clones `value`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 1.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to recursively clone.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the deep cloned value.
+              * @see _.clone
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [{ 'a': 1 }, { 'b': 2 }];
+              *
+              * var deep = _.cloneDeep(objects);
+              * console.log(deep[0] === objects[0]);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           // inject ms-wrapper into the photoviewer div
-           // (used by all to house each custom photo viewer)
-           let wrapEnter = wrap.enter()
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'photo-wrapper ms-wrapper')
-             .classed('hide', true);
-
-           // inject div to support streetside viewer (pannellum) and attribution line
-           wrapEnter
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('id', 'ideditor-viewer-streetside')
-             .on(pointerPrefix + 'down.streetside', () => {
-               select(window)
-                 .on(pointerPrefix + 'move.streetside', () => {
-                   dispatch$7.call('viewerChanged');
-                 }, true);
-             })
-             .on(pointerPrefix + 'up.streetside pointercancel.streetside', () => {
-               select(window)
-                 .on(pointerPrefix + 'move.streetside', null);
 
-               // continue dispatching events for a few seconds, in case viewer has inertia.
-               let t = timer(elapsed => {
-                 dispatch$7.call('viewerChanged');
-                 if (elapsed > 2000) {
-                   t.stop();
-                 }
-               });
-             })
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'photo-attribution fillD');
-
-           let controlsEnter = wrapEnter
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'photo-controls-wrap')
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'photo-controls');
-
-           controlsEnter
-             .append('button')
-             .on('click.back', step(-1))
-             .text('◄');
-
-           controlsEnter
-             .append('button')
-             .on('click.forward', step(1))
-             .text('►');
-
-
-           // create working canvas for stitching together images
-           wrap = wrap
-             .merge(wrapEnter)
-             .call(setupCanvas, true);
-
-           // load streetside pannellum viewer css
-           select('head').selectAll('#ideditor-streetside-viewercss')
-             .data([0])
-             .enter()
-             .append('link')
-             .attr('id', 'ideditor-streetside-viewercss')
-             .attr('rel', 'stylesheet')
-             .attr('href', context.asset(pannellumViewerCSS));
-
-           // load streetside pannellum viewer js
-           select('head').selectAll('#ideditor-streetside-viewerjs')
-             .data([0])
-             .enter()
-             .append('script')
-             .attr('id', 'ideditor-streetside-viewerjs')
-             .attr('src', context.asset(pannellumViewerJS));
-
-
-           // Register viewer resize handler
-           context.ui().photoviewer.on('resize.streetside', () => {
-             if (_pannellumViewer) {
-               _pannellumViewer.resize();
+             function cloneDeep(value) {
+               return baseClone(value, CLONE_DEEP_FLAG | CLONE_SYMBOLS_FLAG);
              }
-           });
-
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.cloneWith` except that it recursively clones `value`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to recursively clone.
+              * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize cloning.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the deep cloned value.
+              * @see _.cloneWith
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function customizer(value) {
+              *   if (_.isElement(value)) {
+              *     return value.cloneNode(true);
+              *   }
+              * }
+              *
+              * var el = _.cloneDeepWith(document.body, customizer);
+              *
+              * console.log(el === document.body);
+              * // => false
+              * console.log(el.nodeName);
+              * // => 'BODY'
+              * console.log(el.childNodes.length);
+              * // => 20
+              */
 
-           function step(stepBy) {
-             return () => {
-               let viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-               let selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
-               if (!selected) return;
 
-               let nextID = (stepBy === 1 ? selected.ne : selected.pr);
-               let yaw = _pannellumViewer.getYaw();
-               let ca = selected.ca + yaw;
-               let origin = selected.loc;
+             function cloneDeepWith(value, customizer) {
+               customizer = typeof customizer == 'function' ? customizer : undefined$1;
+               return baseClone(value, CLONE_DEEP_FLAG | CLONE_SYMBOLS_FLAG, customizer);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `object` conforms to `source` by invoking the predicate
+              * properties of `source` with the corresponding property values of `object`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method is equivalent to `_.conforms` when `source` is
+              * partially applied.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.14.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
+              * @param {Object} source The object of property predicates to conform to.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `object` conforms, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': 1, 'b': 2 };
+              *
+              * _.conformsTo(object, { 'b': function(n) { return n > 1; } });
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.conformsTo(object, { 'b': function(n) { return n > 2; } });
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-               // construct a search trapezoid pointing out from current bubble
-               const meters = 35;
-               let p1 = [
-                 origin[0] + geoMetersToLon(meters / 5, origin[1]),
-                 origin[1]
-               ];
-               let p2 = [
-                 origin[0] + geoMetersToLon(meters / 2, origin[1]),
-                 origin[1] + geoMetersToLat(meters)
-               ];
-               let p3 = [
-                 origin[0] - geoMetersToLon(meters / 2, origin[1]),
-                 origin[1] + geoMetersToLat(meters)
-               ];
-               let p4 = [
-                 origin[0] - geoMetersToLon(meters / 5, origin[1]),
-                 origin[1]
-               ];
 
-               let poly = [p1, p2, p3, p4, p1];
+             function conformsTo(object, source) {
+               return source == null || baseConformsTo(object, source, keys(source));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Performs a
+              * [`SameValueZero`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-samevaluezero)
+              * comparison between two values to determine if they are equivalent.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to compare.
+              * @param {*} other The other value to compare.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the values are equivalent, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': 1 };
+              * var other = { 'a': 1 };
+              *
+              * _.eq(object, object);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.eq(object, other);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.eq('a', 'a');
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.eq('a', Object('a'));
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.eq(NaN, NaN);
+              * // => true
+              */
 
-               // rotate it to face forward/backward
-               let angle = (stepBy === 1 ? ca : ca + 180) * (Math.PI / 180);
-               poly = geoRotate(poly, -angle, origin);
 
-               let extent = poly.reduce((extent, point) => {
-                 return extent.extend(geoExtent(point));
-               }, geoExtent());
-
-               // find nearest other bubble in the search polygon
-               let minDist = Infinity;
-               _ssCache.bubbles.rtree.search(extent.bbox())
-                 .forEach(d => {
-                   if (d.data.key === selected.key) return;
-                   if (!geoPointInPolygon(d.data.loc, poly)) return;
-
-                   let dist = geoVecLength(d.data.loc, selected.loc);
-                   let theta = selected.ca - d.data.ca;
-                   let minTheta = Math.min(Math.abs(theta), 360 - Math.abs(theta));
-                   if (minTheta > 20) {
-                     dist += 5;  // penalize distance if camera angles don't match
-                   }
+             function eq(value, other) {
+               return value === other || value !== value && other !== other;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is greater than `other`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.9.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to compare.
+              * @param {*} other The other value to compare.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is greater than `other`,
+              *  else `false`.
+              * @see _.lt
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.gt(3, 1);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.gt(3, 3);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.gt(1, 3);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-                   if (dist < minDist) {
-                     nextID = d.data.key;
-                     minDist = dist;
-                   }
-                 });
 
-               let nextBubble = nextID && _ssCache.bubbles.points[nextID];
-               if (!nextBubble) return;
+             var gt = createRelationalOperation(baseGt);
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is greater than or equal to `other`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.9.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to compare.
+              * @param {*} other The other value to compare.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is greater than or equal to
+              *  `other`, else `false`.
+              * @see _.lte
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.gte(3, 1);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.gte(3, 3);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.gte(1, 3);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-               context.map().centerEase(nextBubble.loc);
+             var gte = createRelationalOperation(function (value, other) {
+               return value >= other;
+             });
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is likely an `arguments` object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an `arguments` object,
+              *  else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isArguments(function() { return arguments; }());
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isArguments([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-               that.selectImage(context, nextBubble)
-                 .then(response => {
-                   if (response.status === 'ok') {
-                     _sceneOptions.yaw = yaw;
-                     that.showViewer(context);
-                   }
-                 });
+             var isArguments = baseIsArguments(function () {
+               return arguments;
+             }()) ? baseIsArguments : function (value) {
+               return isObjectLike(value) && hasOwnProperty.call(value, 'callee') && !propertyIsEnumerable.call(value, 'callee');
              };
-           }
-         },
-
-
-         /**
-          * showViewer()
-          */
-         showViewer: function(context, yaw) {
-           if (!_sceneOptions) return;
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is classified as an `Array` object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an array, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isArray([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isArray(document.body.children);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.isArray('abc');
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.isArray(_.noop);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           if (yaw !== undefined) {
-             _sceneOptions.yaw = yaw;
-           }
+             var isArray = Array.isArray;
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is classified as an `ArrayBuffer` object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.3.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an array buffer, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isArrayBuffer(new ArrayBuffer(2));
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isArrayBuffer(new Array(2));
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           if (!_pannellumViewer) {
-             this.initViewer();
-           } else {
-             // make a new scene
-             let sceneID = ++_currScene + '';
-             _pannellumViewer
-               .addScene(sceneID, _sceneOptions)
-               .loadScene(sceneID);
+             var isArrayBuffer = nodeIsArrayBuffer ? baseUnary(nodeIsArrayBuffer) : baseIsArrayBuffer;
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is array-like. A value is considered array-like if it's
+              * not a function and has a `value.length` that's an integer greater than or
+              * equal to `0` and less than or equal to `Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is array-like, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isArrayLike([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isArrayLike(document.body.children);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isArrayLike('abc');
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isArrayLike(_.noop);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-             // remove previous scene
-             if (_currScene > 2) {
-               sceneID = (_currScene - 1) + '';
-               _pannellumViewer
-                 .removeScene(sceneID);
+             function isArrayLike(value) {
+               return value != null && isLength(value.length) && !isFunction(value);
              }
-           }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.isArrayLike` except that it also checks if `value`
+              * is an object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an array-like object,
+              *  else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isArrayLikeObject([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isArrayLikeObject(document.body.children);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isArrayLikeObject('abc');
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.isArrayLikeObject(_.noop);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           let wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer')
-             .classed('hide', false);
 
-           let isHidden = wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.ms-wrapper.hide').size();
+             function isArrayLikeObject(value) {
+               return isObjectLike(value) && isArrayLike(value);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is classified as a boolean primitive or object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a boolean, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isBoolean(false);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isBoolean(null);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           if (isHidden) {
-             wrap
-               .selectAll('.photo-wrapper:not(.ms-wrapper)')
-               .classed('hide', true);
 
-             wrap
-               .selectAll('.photo-wrapper.ms-wrapper')
-               .classed('hide', false);
-           }
+             function isBoolean(value) {
+               return value === true || value === false || isObjectLike(value) && baseGetTag(value) == boolTag;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is a buffer.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.3.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a buffer, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isBuffer(new Buffer(2));
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isBuffer(new Uint8Array(2));
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           return this;
-         },
 
+             var isBuffer = nativeIsBuffer || stubFalse;
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is classified as a `Date` object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a date object, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isDate(new Date);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isDate('Mon April 23 2012');
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-         /**
-          * hideViewer()
-          */
-         hideViewer: function (context) {
-           let viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(null);
+             var isDate = nodeIsDate ? baseUnary(nodeIsDate) : baseIsDate;
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is likely a DOM element.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a DOM element, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isElement(document.body);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isElement('<body>');
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           viewer
-             .classed('hide', true)
-             .selectAll('.photo-wrapper')
-             .classed('hide', true);
+             function isElement(value) {
+               return isObjectLike(value) && value.nodeType === 1 && !isPlainObject(value);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is an empty object, collection, map, or set.
+              *
+              * Objects are considered empty if they have no own enumerable string keyed
+              * properties.
+              *
+              * Array-like values such as `arguments` objects, arrays, buffers, strings, or
+              * jQuery-like collections are considered empty if they have a `length` of `0`.
+              * Similarly, maps and sets are considered empty if they have a `size` of `0`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is empty, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isEmpty(null);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isEmpty(true);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isEmpty(1);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isEmpty([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.isEmpty({ 'a': 1 });
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group, .sequence, .icon-sign')
-             .classed('currentView', false);
 
-           return this.setStyles(context, null, true);
-         },
+             function isEmpty(value) {
+               if (value == null) {
+                 return true;
+               }
 
+               if (isArrayLike(value) && (isArray(value) || typeof value == 'string' || typeof value.splice == 'function' || isBuffer(value) || isTypedArray(value) || isArguments(value))) {
+                 return !value.length;
+               }
 
-         /**
-          * selectImage().
-          */
-         selectImage: function (context, d) {
-           let that = this;
-           let viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(d);
+               var tag = getTag(value);
 
-           this.setStyles(context, null, true);
+               if (tag == mapTag || tag == setTag) {
+                 return !value.size;
+               }
 
-           let wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer .ms-wrapper');
-           let attribution = wrap.selectAll('.photo-attribution').html('');
+               if (isPrototype(value)) {
+                 return !baseKeys(value).length;
+               }
 
-           wrap.selectAll('.pnlm-load-box')   // display "loading.."
-             .style('display', 'block');
+               for (var key in value) {
+                 if (hasOwnProperty.call(value, key)) {
+                   return false;
+                 }
+               }
 
-           if (!d) {
-             return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
-           }
+               return true;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Performs a deep comparison between two values to determine if they are
+              * equivalent.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method supports comparing arrays, array buffers, booleans,
+              * date objects, error objects, maps, numbers, `Object` objects, regexes,
+              * sets, strings, symbols, and typed arrays. `Object` objects are compared
+              * by their own, not inherited, enumerable properties. Functions and DOM
+              * nodes are compared by strict equality, i.e. `===`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to compare.
+              * @param {*} other The other value to compare.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the values are equivalent, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': 1 };
+              * var other = { 'a': 1 };
+              *
+              * _.isEqual(object, other);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * object === other;
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           let line1 = attribution
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'attribution-row');
 
-           const hiresDomId = utilUniqueDomId('streetside-hires');
+             function isEqual(value, other) {
+               return baseIsEqual(value, other);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.isEqual` except that it accepts `customizer` which
+              * is invoked to compare values. If `customizer` returns `undefined`, comparisons
+              * are handled by the method instead. The `customizer` is invoked with up to
+              * six arguments: (objValue, othValue [, index|key, object, other, stack]).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to compare.
+              * @param {*} other The other value to compare.
+              * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize comparisons.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the values are equivalent, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function isGreeting(value) {
+              *   return /^h(?:i|ello)$/.test(value);
+              * }
+              *
+              * function customizer(objValue, othValue) {
+              *   if (isGreeting(objValue) && isGreeting(othValue)) {
+              *     return true;
+              *   }
+              * }
+              *
+              * var array = ['hello', 'goodbye'];
+              * var other = ['hi', 'goodbye'];
+              *
+              * _.isEqualWith(array, other, customizer);
+              * // => true
+              */
 
-           // Add hires checkbox
-           let label = line1
-             .append('label')
-             .attr('for', hiresDomId)
-             .attr('class', 'streetside-hires');
 
-           label
-             .append('input')
-             .attr('type', 'checkbox')
-             .attr('id', hiresDomId)
-             .property('checked', _hires)
-             .on('click', () => {
-               event.stopPropagation();
+             function isEqualWith(value, other, customizer) {
+               customizer = typeof customizer == 'function' ? customizer : undefined$1;
+               var result = customizer ? customizer(value, other) : undefined$1;
+               return result === undefined$1 ? baseIsEqual(value, other, undefined$1, customizer) : !!result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is an `Error`, `EvalError`, `RangeError`, `ReferenceError`,
+              * `SyntaxError`, `TypeError`, or `URIError` object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an error object, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isError(new Error);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isError(Error);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-               _hires = !_hires;
-               _resolution = _hires ? 1024 : 512;
-               wrap.call(setupCanvas, true);
 
-               let viewstate = {
-                 yaw: _pannellumViewer.getYaw(),
-                 pitch: _pannellumViewer.getPitch(),
-                 hfov: _pannellumViewer.getHfov()
-               };
+             function isError(value) {
+               if (!isObjectLike(value)) {
+                 return false;
+               }
 
-               that.selectImage(context, d)
-                 .then(response => {
-                   if (response.status === 'ok') {
-                     _sceneOptions = Object.assign(_sceneOptions, viewstate);
-                     that.showViewer(context);
-                   }
-                 });
-             });
+               var tag = baseGetTag(value);
+               return tag == errorTag || tag == domExcTag || typeof value.message == 'string' && typeof value.name == 'string' && !isPlainObject(value);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is a finite primitive number.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method is based on
+              * [`Number.isFinite`](https://mdn.io/Number/isFinite).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a finite number, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isFinite(3);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isFinite(Number.MIN_VALUE);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isFinite(Infinity);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.isFinite('3');
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           label
-             .append('span')
-             .text(_t('streetside.hires'));
 
+             function isFinite(value) {
+               return typeof value == 'number' && nativeIsFinite(value);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is classified as a `Function` object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a function, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isFunction(_);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isFunction(/abc/);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           let captureInfo = line1
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'attribution-capture-info');
 
-           // Add capture date
-           if (d.captured_by) {
-             const yyyy = (new Date()).getFullYear();
+             function isFunction(value) {
+               if (!isObject(value)) {
+                 return false;
+               } // The use of `Object#toString` avoids issues with the `typeof` operator
+               // in Safari 9 which returns 'object' for typed arrays and other constructors.
 
-             captureInfo
-               .append('a')
-               .attr('class', 'captured_by')
-               .attr('target', '_blank')
-               .attr('href', 'https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/maps/streetside')
-               .text('©' + yyyy + ' Microsoft');
 
-             captureInfo
-               .append('span')
-               .text('|');
-           }
+               var tag = baseGetTag(value);
+               return tag == funcTag || tag == genTag || tag == asyncTag || tag == proxyTag;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is an integer.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method is based on
+              * [`Number.isInteger`](https://mdn.io/Number/isInteger).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an integer, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isInteger(3);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isInteger(Number.MIN_VALUE);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.isInteger(Infinity);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.isInteger('3');
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           if (d.captured_at) {
-             captureInfo
-               .append('span')
-               .attr('class', 'captured_at')
-               .text(localeTimestamp(d.captured_at));
-           }
-
-           // Add image links
-           let line2 = attribution
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'attribution-row');
-
-           line2
-             .append('a')
-             .attr('class', 'image-view-link')
-             .attr('target', '_blank')
-             .attr('href', 'https://www.bing.com/maps?cp=' + d.loc[1] + '~' + d.loc[0] +
-               '&lvl=17&dir=' + d.ca + '&style=x&v=2&sV=1')
-             .text(_t('streetside.view_on_bing'));
-
-           line2
-             .append('a')
-             .attr('class', 'image-report-link')
-             .attr('target', '_blank')
-             .attr('href', 'https://www.bing.com/maps/privacyreport/streetsideprivacyreport?bubbleid=' +
-               encodeURIComponent(d.key) + '&focus=photo&lat=' + d.loc[1] + '&lng=' + d.loc[0] + '&z=17')
-             .text(_t('streetside.report'));
-
-
-           let bubbleIdQuadKey = d.key.toString(4);
-           const paddingNeeded = 16 - bubbleIdQuadKey.length;
-           for (let i = 0; i < paddingNeeded; i++) {
-             bubbleIdQuadKey = '0' + bubbleIdQuadKey;
-           }
-           const imgUrlPrefix = streetsideImagesApi + 'hs' + bubbleIdQuadKey;
-           const imgUrlSuffix = '.jpg?g=6338&n=z';
 
-           // Cubemap face code order matters here: front=01, right=02, back=03, left=10, up=11, down=12
-           const faceKeys = ['01','02','03','10','11','12'];
+             function isInteger(value) {
+               return typeof value == 'number' && value == toInteger(value);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is a valid array-like length.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method is loosely based on
+              * [`ToLength`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-tolength).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a valid length, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isLength(3);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isLength(Number.MIN_VALUE);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.isLength(Infinity);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.isLength('3');
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           // Map images to cube faces
-           let quadKeys = getQuadKeys();
-           let faces = faceKeys.map((faceKey) => {
-             return quadKeys.map((quadKey) =>{
-               const xy = qkToXY(quadKey);
-               return {
-                 face: faceKey,
-                 url: imgUrlPrefix + faceKey + quadKey + imgUrlSuffix,
-                 x: xy[0],
-                 y: xy[1]
-               };
-             });
-           });
 
-           return loadFaces(faces)
-             .then(() => {
-               _sceneOptions = {
-                 showFullscreenCtrl: false,
-                 autoLoad: true,
-                 compass: true,
-                 northOffset: d.ca,
-                 yaw: 0,
-                 minHfov: minHfov,
-                 maxHfov: maxHfov,
-                 hfov: defaultHfov,
-                 type: 'cubemap',
-                 cubeMap: [
-                   _dataUrlArray[0],
-                   _dataUrlArray[1],
-                   _dataUrlArray[2],
-                   _dataUrlArray[3],
-                   _dataUrlArray[4],
-                   _dataUrlArray[5]
-                 ]
-               };
-               return { status: 'ok' };
-             });
-         },
+             function isLength(value) {
+               return typeof value == 'number' && value > -1 && value % 1 == 0 && value <= MAX_SAFE_INTEGER;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is the
+              * [language type](http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-ecmascript-language-types)
+              * of `Object`. (e.g. arrays, functions, objects, regexes, `new Number(0)`, and `new String('')`)
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an object, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isObject({});
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isObject([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isObject(_.noop);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isObject(null);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
 
-         getSequenceKeyForBubble: function(d) {
-           return d && d.sequenceKey;
-         },
+             function isObject(value) {
+               var type = _typeof(value);
 
+               return value != null && (type == 'object' || type == 'function');
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is object-like. A value is object-like if it's not `null`
+              * and has a `typeof` result of "object".
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is object-like, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isObjectLike({});
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isObjectLike([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isObjectLike(_.noop);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.isObjectLike(null);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-         // Updates the currently highlighted sequence and selected bubble.
-         // Reset is only necessary when interacting with the viewport because
-         // this implicitly changes the currently selected bubble/sequence
-         setStyles: function (context, hovered, reset) {
-           if (reset) {  // reset all layers
-             context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group')
-               .classed('highlighted', false)
-               .classed('hovered', false)
-               .classed('currentView', false);
-
-             context.container().selectAll('.sequence')
-               .classed('highlighted', false)
-               .classed('currentView', false);
-           }
-
-           let hoveredBubbleKey = hovered && hovered.key;
-           let hoveredSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForBubble(hovered);
-           let hoveredSequence = hoveredSequenceKey && _ssCache.sequences[hoveredSequenceKey];
-           let hoveredBubbleKeys =  (hoveredSequence && hoveredSequence.bubbles.map(d => d.key)) || [];
-
-           let viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-           let selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
-           let selectedBubbleKey = selected && selected.key;
-           let selectedSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForBubble(selected);
-           let selectedSequence = selectedSequenceKey && _ssCache.sequences[selectedSequenceKey];
-           let selectedBubbleKeys = (selectedSequence && selectedSequence.bubbles.map(d => d.key)) || [];
-
-           // highlight sibling viewfields on either the selected or the hovered sequences
-           let highlightedBubbleKeys = utilArrayUnion(hoveredBubbleKeys, selectedBubbleKeys);
-
-           context.container().selectAll('.layer-streetside-images .viewfield-group')
-             .classed('highlighted', d => highlightedBubbleKeys.indexOf(d.key) !== -1)
-             .classed('hovered',     d => d.key === hoveredBubbleKey)
-             .classed('currentView', d => d.key === selectedBubbleKey);
-
-           context.container().selectAll('.layer-streetside-images .sequence')
-             .classed('highlighted', d => d.properties.key === hoveredSequenceKey)
-             .classed('currentView', d => d.properties.key === selectedSequenceKey);
-
-           // update viewfields if needed
-           context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group .viewfield')
-             .attr('d', viewfieldPath);
 
-           function viewfieldPath() {
-             let d = this.parentNode.__data__;
-             if (d.pano && d.key !== selectedBubbleKey) {
-               return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
-             } else {
-               return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
+             function isObjectLike(value) {
+               return value != null && _typeof(value) == 'object';
              }
-           }
-
-           return this;
-         },
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is classified as a `Map` object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.3.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a map, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isMap(new Map);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isMap(new WeakMap);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
 
-         /**
-          * cache().
-          */
-         cache: function () {
-           return _ssCache;
-         }
-       };
+             var isMap = nodeIsMap ? baseUnary(nodeIsMap) : baseIsMap;
+             /**
+              * Performs a partial deep comparison between `object` and `source` to
+              * determine if `object` contains equivalent property values.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method is equivalent to `_.matches` when `source` is
+              * partially applied.
+              *
+              * Partial comparisons will match empty array and empty object `source`
+              * values against any array or object value, respectively. See `_.isEqual`
+              * for a list of supported value comparisons.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
+              * @param {Object} source The object of property values to match.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `object` is a match, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': 1, 'b': 2 };
+              *
+              * _.isMatch(object, { 'b': 2 });
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isMatch(object, { 'b': 1 });
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-       var apibase$4 = 'https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/api/4/';
-       var _inflight$2 = {};
-       var _popularKeys = {};
-       var _taginfoCache = {};
+             function isMatch(object, source) {
+               return object === source || baseIsMatch(object, source, getMatchData(source));
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.isMatch` except that it accepts `customizer` which
+              * is invoked to compare values. If `customizer` returns `undefined`, comparisons
+              * are handled by the method instead. The `customizer` is invoked with five
+              * arguments: (objValue, srcValue, index|key, object, source).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
+              * @param {Object} source The object of property values to match.
+              * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize comparisons.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `object` is a match, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function isGreeting(value) {
+              *   return /^h(?:i|ello)$/.test(value);
+              * }
+              *
+              * function customizer(objValue, srcValue) {
+              *   if (isGreeting(objValue) && isGreeting(srcValue)) {
+              *     return true;
+              *   }
+              * }
+              *
+              * var object = { 'greeting': 'hello' };
+              * var source = { 'greeting': 'hi' };
+              *
+              * _.isMatchWith(object, source, customizer);
+              * // => true
+              */
 
-       var tag_sorts = {
-           point: 'count_nodes',
-           vertex: 'count_nodes',
-           area: 'count_ways',
-           line: 'count_ways'
-       };
-       var tag_sort_members = {
-           point: 'count_node_members',
-           vertex: 'count_node_members',
-           area: 'count_way_members',
-           line: 'count_way_members',
-           relation: 'count_relation_members'
-       };
-       var tag_filters = {
-           point: 'nodes',
-           vertex: 'nodes',
-           area: 'ways',
-           line: 'ways'
-       };
-       var tag_members_fractions = {
-           point: 'count_node_members_fraction',
-           vertex: 'count_node_members_fraction',
-           area: 'count_way_members_fraction',
-           line: 'count_way_members_fraction',
-           relation: 'count_relation_members_fraction'
-       };
 
+             function isMatchWith(object, source, customizer) {
+               customizer = typeof customizer == 'function' ? customizer : undefined$1;
+               return baseIsMatch(object, source, getMatchData(source), customizer);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is `NaN`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method is based on
+              * [`Number.isNaN`](https://mdn.io/Number/isNaN) and is not the same as
+              * global [`isNaN`](https://mdn.io/isNaN) which returns `true` for
+              * `undefined` and other non-number values.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is `NaN`, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isNaN(NaN);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isNaN(new Number(NaN));
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * isNaN(undefined);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isNaN(undefined);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-       function sets(params, n, o) {
-           if (params.geometry && o[params.geometry]) {
-               params[n] = o[params.geometry];
-           }
-           return params;
-       }
 
+             function isNaN(value) {
+               // An `NaN` primitive is the only value that is not equal to itself.
+               // Perform the `toStringTag` check first to avoid errors with some
+               // ActiveX objects in IE.
+               return isNumber(value) && value != +value;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is a pristine native function.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method can't reliably detect native functions in the presence
+              * of the core-js package because core-js circumvents this kind of detection.
+              * Despite multiple requests, the core-js maintainer has made it clear: any
+              * attempt to fix the detection will be obstructed. As a result, we're left
+              * with little choice but to throw an error. Unfortunately, this also affects
+              * packages, like [babel-polyfill](https://www.npmjs.com/package/babel-polyfill),
+              * which rely on core-js.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a native function,
+              *  else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isNative(Array.prototype.push);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isNative(_);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-       function setFilter(params) {
-           return sets(params, 'filter', tag_filters);
-       }
 
+             function isNative(value) {
+               if (isMaskable(value)) {
+                 throw new Error(CORE_ERROR_TEXT);
+               }
 
-       function setSort(params) {
-           return sets(params, 'sortname', tag_sorts);
-       }
+               return baseIsNative(value);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is `null`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is `null`, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isNull(null);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isNull(void 0);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
 
-       function setSortMembers(params) {
-           return sets(params, 'sortname', tag_sort_members);
-       }
+             function isNull(value) {
+               return value === null;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is `null` or `undefined`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is nullish, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isNil(null);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isNil(void 0);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isNil(NaN);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
 
-       function clean(params) {
-           return utilObjectOmit(params, ['geometry', 'debounce']);
-       }
+             function isNil(value) {
+               return value == null;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is classified as a `Number` primitive or object.
+              *
+              * **Note:** To exclude `Infinity`, `-Infinity`, and `NaN`, which are
+              * classified as numbers, use the `_.isFinite` method.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a number, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isNumber(3);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isNumber(Number.MIN_VALUE);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isNumber(Infinity);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isNumber('3');
+              * // => false
+              */
 
 
-       function filterKeys(type) {
-           var count_type = type ? 'count_' + type : 'count_all';
-           return function(d) {
-               return parseFloat(d[count_type]) > 2500 || d.in_wiki;
-           };
-       }
+             function isNumber(value) {
+               return typeof value == 'number' || isObjectLike(value) && baseGetTag(value) == numberTag;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is a plain object, that is, an object created by the
+              * `Object` constructor or one with a `[[Prototype]]` of `null`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.8.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a plain object, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Foo() {
+              *   this.a = 1;
+              * }
+              *
+              * _.isPlainObject(new Foo);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.isPlainObject([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.isPlainObject({ 'x': 0, 'y': 0 });
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isPlainObject(Object.create(null));
+              * // => true
+              */
 
 
-       function filterMultikeys(prefix) {
-           return function(d) {
-               // d.key begins with prefix, and d.key contains no additional ':'s
-               var re = new RegExp('^' + prefix + '(.*)$');
-               var matches = d.key.match(re) || [];
-               return (matches.length === 2 && matches[1].indexOf(':') === -1);
-           };
-       }
+             function isPlainObject(value) {
+               if (!isObjectLike(value) || baseGetTag(value) != objectTag) {
+                 return false;
+               }
 
+               var proto = getPrototype(value);
 
-       function filterValues(allowUpperCase) {
-           return function(d) {
-               if (d.value.match(/[;,]/) !== null) return false;  // exclude some punctuation
-               if (!allowUpperCase && d.value.match(/[A-Z*]/) !== null) return false;  // exclude uppercase letters
-               return parseFloat(d.fraction) > 0.0;
-           };
-       }
+               if (proto === null) {
+                 return true;
+               }
 
+               var Ctor = hasOwnProperty.call(proto, 'constructor') && proto.constructor;
+               return typeof Ctor == 'function' && Ctor instanceof Ctor && funcToString.call(Ctor) == objectCtorString;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is classified as a `RegExp` object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a regexp, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isRegExp(/abc/);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isRegExp('/abc/');
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-       function filterRoles(geometry) {
-           return function(d) {
-               if (d.role === '') return false; // exclude empty role
-               if (d.role.match(/[A-Z*;,]/) !== null) return false;  // exclude uppercase letters and some punctuation
-               return parseFloat(d[tag_members_fractions[geometry]]) > 0.0;
-           };
-       }
 
+             var isRegExp = nodeIsRegExp ? baseUnary(nodeIsRegExp) : baseIsRegExp;
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is a safe integer. An integer is safe if it's an IEEE-754
+              * double precision number which isn't the result of a rounded unsafe integer.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method is based on
+              * [`Number.isSafeInteger`](https://mdn.io/Number/isSafeInteger).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a safe integer, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isSafeInteger(3);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isSafeInteger(Number.MIN_VALUE);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.isSafeInteger(Infinity);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.isSafeInteger('3');
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-       function valKey(d) {
-           return {
-               value: d.key,
-               title: d.key
-           };
-       }
+             function isSafeInteger(value) {
+               return isInteger(value) && value >= -MAX_SAFE_INTEGER && value <= MAX_SAFE_INTEGER;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is classified as a `Set` object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.3.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a set, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isSet(new Set);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isSet(new WeakSet);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
 
-       function valKeyDescription(d) {
-           var obj = {
-               value: d.value,
-               title: d.description || d.value
-           };
-           if (d.count) {
-               obj.count = d.count;
-           }
-           return obj;
-       }
+             var isSet = nodeIsSet ? baseUnary(nodeIsSet) : baseIsSet;
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is classified as a `String` primitive or object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a string, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isString('abc');
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isString(1);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
+             function isString(value) {
+               return typeof value == 'string' || !isArray(value) && isObjectLike(value) && baseGetTag(value) == stringTag;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is classified as a `Symbol` primitive or object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a symbol, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isSymbol(Symbol.iterator);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isSymbol('abc');
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-       function roleKey(d) {
-           return {
-               value: d.role,
-               title: d.role
-           };
-       }
 
+             function isSymbol(value) {
+               return _typeof(value) == 'symbol' || isObjectLike(value) && baseGetTag(value) == symbolTag;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is classified as a typed array.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a typed array, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isTypedArray(new Uint8Array);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isTypedArray([]);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-       // sort keys with ':' lower than keys without ':'
-       function sortKeys(a, b) {
-           return (a.key.indexOf(':') === -1 && b.key.indexOf(':') !== -1) ? -1
-               : (a.key.indexOf(':') !== -1 && b.key.indexOf(':') === -1) ? 1
-               : 0;
-       }
 
+             var isTypedArray = nodeIsTypedArray ? baseUnary(nodeIsTypedArray) : baseIsTypedArray;
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is `undefined`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is `undefined`, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isUndefined(void 0);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isUndefined(null);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-       var debouncedRequest$1 = debounce(request$1, 300, { leading: false });
+             function isUndefined(value) {
+               return value === undefined$1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is classified as a `WeakMap` object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.3.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a weak map, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isWeakMap(new WeakMap);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isWeakMap(new Map);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-       function request$1(url, params, exactMatch, callback, loaded) {
-           if (_inflight$2[url]) return;
 
-           if (checkCache(url, params, exactMatch, callback)) return;
+             function isWeakMap(value) {
+               return isObjectLike(value) && getTag(value) == weakMapTag;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is classified as a `WeakSet` object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.3.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a weak set, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.isWeakSet(new WeakSet);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.isWeakSet(new Set);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           var controller = new AbortController();
-           _inflight$2[url] = controller;
 
-           d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
-               .then(function(result) {
-                   delete _inflight$2[url];
-                   if (loaded) loaded(null, result);
-               })
-               .catch(function(err) {
-                   delete _inflight$2[url];
-                   if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
-                   if (loaded) loaded(err.message);
-               });
-       }
+             function isWeakSet(value) {
+               return isObjectLike(value) && baseGetTag(value) == weakSetTag;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is less than `other`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.9.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to compare.
+              * @param {*} other The other value to compare.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is less than `other`,
+              *  else `false`.
+              * @see _.gt
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.lt(1, 3);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.lt(3, 3);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.lt(3, 1);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
 
-       function checkCache(url, params, exactMatch, callback) {
-           var rp = params.rp || 25;
-           var testQuery = params.query || '';
-           var testUrl = url;
+             var lt = createRelationalOperation(baseLt);
+             /**
+              * Checks if `value` is less than or equal to `other`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.9.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to compare.
+              * @param {*} other The other value to compare.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is less than or equal to
+              *  `other`, else `false`.
+              * @see _.gte
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.lte(1, 3);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.lte(3, 3);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.lte(3, 1);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           do {
-               var hit = _taginfoCache[testUrl];
+             var lte = createRelationalOperation(function (value, other) {
+               return value <= other;
+             });
+             /**
+              * Converts `value` to an array.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to convert.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the converted array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.toArray({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2 });
+              * // => [1, 2]
+              *
+              * _.toArray('abc');
+              * // => ['a', 'b', 'c']
+              *
+              * _.toArray(1);
+              * // => []
+              *
+              * _.toArray(null);
+              * // => []
+              */
 
-               // exact match, or shorter match yielding fewer than max results (rp)
-               if (hit && (url === testUrl || hit.length < rp)) {
-                   callback(null, hit);
-                   return true;
+             function toArray(value) {
+               if (!value) {
+                 return [];
                }
 
-               // don't try to shorten the query
-               if (exactMatch || !testQuery.length) return false;
-
-               // do shorten the query to see if we already have a cached result
-               // that has returned fewer than max results (rp)
-               testQuery = testQuery.slice(0, -1);
-               testUrl = url.replace(/&query=(.*?)&/, '&query=' + testQuery + '&');
-           } while (testQuery.length >= 0);
+               if (isArrayLike(value)) {
+                 return isString(value) ? stringToArray(value) : copyArray(value);
+               }
 
-           return false;
-       }
+               if (symIterator && value[symIterator]) {
+                 return iteratorToArray(value[symIterator]());
+               }
 
+               var tag = getTag(value),
+                   func = tag == mapTag ? mapToArray : tag == setTag ? setToArray : values;
+               return func(value);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `value` to a finite number.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.12.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to convert.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the converted number.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.toFinite(3.2);
+              * // => 3.2
+              *
+              * _.toFinite(Number.MIN_VALUE);
+              * // => 5e-324
+              *
+              * _.toFinite(Infinity);
+              * // => 1.7976931348623157e+308
+              *
+              * _.toFinite('3.2');
+              * // => 3.2
+              */
 
-       var serviceTaginfo = {
 
-           init: function() {
-               _inflight$2 = {};
-               _taginfoCache = {};
-               _popularKeys = {
-                   // manually exclude some keys – #5377, #7485
-                   postal_code: true,
-                   full_name: true,
-                   loc_name: true,
-                   reg_name: true,
-                   short_name: true,
-                   sorting_name: true,
-                   artist_name: true,
-                   nat_name: true,
-                   long_name: true,
-                   'bridge:name': true
-               };
+             function toFinite(value) {
+               if (!value) {
+                 return value === 0 ? value : 0;
+               }
 
-               // Fetch popular keys.  We'll exclude these from `values`
-               // lookups because they stress taginfo, and they aren't likely
-               // to yield meaningful autocomplete results.. see #3955
-               var params = {
-                   rp: 100,
-                   sortname: 'values_all',
-                   sortorder: 'desc',
-                   page: 1,
-                   debounce: false,
-                   lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
-               };
-               this.keys(params, function(err, data) {
-                   if (err) return;
-                   data.forEach(function(d) {
-                       if (d.value === 'opening_hours') return;  // exception
-                       _popularKeys[d.value] = true;
-                   });
-               });
-           },
+               value = toNumber(value);
 
+               if (value === INFINITY || value === -INFINITY) {
+                 var sign = value < 0 ? -1 : 1;
+                 return sign * MAX_INTEGER;
+               }
 
-           reset: function() {
-               Object.values(_inflight$2).forEach(function(controller) { controller.abort(); });
-               _inflight$2 = {};
-           },
+               return value === value ? value : 0;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `value` to an integer.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method is loosely based on
+              * [`ToInteger`](http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-tointeger).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to convert.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the converted integer.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.toInteger(3.2);
+              * // => 3
+              *
+              * _.toInteger(Number.MIN_VALUE);
+              * // => 0
+              *
+              * _.toInteger(Infinity);
+              * // => 1.7976931348623157e+308
+              *
+              * _.toInteger('3.2');
+              * // => 3
+              */
 
 
-           keys: function(params, callback) {
-               var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
-               params = clean(setSort(params));
-               params = Object.assign({
-                   rp: 10,
-                   sortname: 'count_all',
-                   sortorder: 'desc',
-                   page: 1,
-                   lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
-               }, params);
+             function toInteger(value) {
+               var result = toFinite(value),
+                   remainder = result % 1;
+               return result === result ? remainder ? result - remainder : result : 0;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `value` to an integer suitable for use as the length of an
+              * array-like object.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method is based on
+              * [`ToLength`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-tolength).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to convert.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the converted integer.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.toLength(3.2);
+              * // => 3
+              *
+              * _.toLength(Number.MIN_VALUE);
+              * // => 0
+              *
+              * _.toLength(Infinity);
+              * // => 4294967295
+              *
+              * _.toLength('3.2');
+              * // => 3
+              */
 
-               var url = apibase$4 + 'keys/all?' + utilQsString(params);
-               doRequest(url, params, false, callback, function(err, d) {
-                   if (err) {
-                       callback(err);
-                   } else {
-                       var f = filterKeys(params.filter);
-                       var result = d.data.filter(f).sort(sortKeys).map(valKey);
-                       _taginfoCache[url] = result;
-                       callback(null, result);
-                   }
-               });
-           },
 
+             function toLength(value) {
+               return value ? baseClamp(toInteger(value), 0, MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH) : 0;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `value` to a number.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to process.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the number.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.toNumber(3.2);
+              * // => 3.2
+              *
+              * _.toNumber(Number.MIN_VALUE);
+              * // => 5e-324
+              *
+              * _.toNumber(Infinity);
+              * // => Infinity
+              *
+              * _.toNumber('3.2');
+              * // => 3.2
+              */
 
-           multikeys: function(params, callback) {
-               var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
-               params = clean(setSort(params));
-               params = Object.assign({
-                   rp: 25,
-                   sortname: 'count_all',
-                   sortorder: 'desc',
-                   page: 1,
-                   lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
-               }, params);
-
-               var prefix = params.query;
-               var url = apibase$4 + 'keys/all?' + utilQsString(params);
-               doRequest(url, params, true, callback, function(err, d) {
-                   if (err) {
-                       callback(err);
-                   } else {
-                       var f = filterMultikeys(prefix);
-                       var result = d.data.filter(f).map(valKey);
-                       _taginfoCache[url] = result;
-                       callback(null, result);
-                   }
-               });
-           },
 
+             function toNumber(value) {
+               if (typeof value == 'number') {
+                 return value;
+               }
 
-           values: function(params, callback) {
-               // Exclude popular keys from values lookups.. see #3955
-               var key = params.key;
-               if (key && _popularKeys[key]) {
-                   callback(null, []);
-                   return;
+               if (isSymbol(value)) {
+                 return NAN;
                }
 
-               var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
-               params = clean(setSort(setFilter(params)));
-               params = Object.assign({
-                   rp: 25,
-                   sortname: 'count_all',
-                   sortorder: 'desc',
-                   page: 1,
-                   lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
-               }, params);
+               if (isObject(value)) {
+                 var other = typeof value.valueOf == 'function' ? value.valueOf() : value;
+                 value = isObject(other) ? other + '' : other;
+               }
 
-               var url = apibase$4 + 'key/values?' + utilQsString(params);
-               doRequest(url, params, false, callback, function(err, d) {
-                   if (err) {
-                       callback(err);
-                   } else {
-                       // In most cases we prefer taginfo value results with lowercase letters.
-                       // A few OSM keys expect values to contain uppercase values (see #3377).
-                       // This is not an exhaustive list (e.g. `name` also has uppercase values)
-                       // but these are the fields where taginfo value lookup is most useful.
-                       var re = /network|taxon|genus|species|brand|grape_variety|royal_cypher|listed_status|booth|rating|stars|:output|_hours|_times|_ref|manufacturer|country|target|brewery/;
-                       var allowUpperCase = re.test(params.key);
-                       var f = filterValues(allowUpperCase);
-
-                       var result = d.data.filter(f).map(valKeyDescription);
-                       _taginfoCache[url] = result;
-                       callback(null, result);
-                   }
-               });
-           },
+               if (typeof value != 'string') {
+                 return value === 0 ? value : +value;
+               }
 
+               value = baseTrim(value);
+               var isBinary = reIsBinary.test(value);
+               return isBinary || reIsOctal.test(value) ? freeParseInt(value.slice(2), isBinary ? 2 : 8) : reIsBadHex.test(value) ? NAN : +value;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `value` to a plain object flattening inherited enumerable string
+              * keyed properties of `value` to own properties of the plain object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to convert.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the converted plain object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Foo() {
+              *   this.b = 2;
+              * }
+              *
+              * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
+              *
+              * _.assign({ 'a': 1 }, new Foo);
+              * // => { 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }
+              *
+              * _.assign({ 'a': 1 }, _.toPlainObject(new Foo));
+              * // => { 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3 }
+              */
 
-           roles: function(params, callback) {
-               var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
-               var geometry = params.geometry;
-               params = clean(setSortMembers(params));
-               params = Object.assign({
-                   rp: 25,
-                   sortname: 'count_all_members',
-                   sortorder: 'desc',
-                   page: 1,
-                   lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
-               }, params);
-
-               var url = apibase$4 + 'relation/roles?' + utilQsString(params);
-               doRequest(url, params, true, callback, function(err, d) {
-                   if (err) {
-                       callback(err);
-                   } else {
-                       var f = filterRoles(geometry);
-                       var result = d.data.filter(f).map(roleKey);
-                       _taginfoCache[url] = result;
-                       callback(null, result);
-                   }
-               });
-           },
 
+             function toPlainObject(value) {
+               return copyObject(value, keysIn(value));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `value` to a safe integer. A safe integer can be compared and
+              * represented correctly.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to convert.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the converted integer.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.toSafeInteger(3.2);
+              * // => 3
+              *
+              * _.toSafeInteger(Number.MIN_VALUE);
+              * // => 0
+              *
+              * _.toSafeInteger(Infinity);
+              * // => 9007199254740991
+              *
+              * _.toSafeInteger('3.2');
+              * // => 3
+              */
 
-           docs: function(params, callback) {
-               var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
-               params = clean(setSort(params));
 
-               var path = 'key/wiki_pages?';
-               if (params.value) {
-                   path = 'tag/wiki_pages?';
-               } else if (params.rtype) {
-                   path = 'relation/wiki_pages?';
-               }
+             function toSafeInteger(value) {
+               return value ? baseClamp(toInteger(value), -MAX_SAFE_INTEGER, MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) : value === 0 ? value : 0;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `value` to a string. An empty string is returned for `null`
+              * and `undefined` values. The sign of `-0` is preserved.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Lang
+              * @param {*} value The value to convert.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the converted string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.toString(null);
+              * // => ''
+              *
+              * _.toString(-0);
+              * // => '-0'
+              *
+              * _.toString([1, 2, 3]);
+              * // => '1,2,3'
+              */
 
-               var url = apibase$4 + path + utilQsString(params);
-               doRequest(url, params, true, callback, function(err, d) {
-                   if (err) {
-                       callback(err);
-                   } else {
-                       _taginfoCache[url] = d.data;
-                       callback(null, d.data);
-                   }
-               });
-           },
 
+             function toString(value) {
+               return value == null ? '' : baseToString(value);
+             }
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-           apibase: function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return apibase$4;
-               apibase$4 = _;
-               return this;
-           }
+             /**
+              * Assigns own enumerable string keyed properties of source objects to the
+              * destination object. Source objects are applied from left to right.
+              * Subsequent sources overwrite property assignments of previous sources.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method mutates `object` and is loosely based on
+              * [`Object.assign`](https://mdn.io/Object/assign).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.10.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The destination object.
+              * @param {...Object} [sources] The source objects.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @see _.assignIn
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Foo() {
+              *   this.a = 1;
+              * }
+              *
+              * function Bar() {
+              *   this.c = 3;
+              * }
+              *
+              * Foo.prototype.b = 2;
+              * Bar.prototype.d = 4;
+              *
+              * _.assign({ 'a': 0 }, new Foo, new Bar);
+              * // => { 'a': 1, 'c': 3 }
+              */
 
-       };
 
-       var helpers$1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
-       /**
-        * @module helpers
-        */
-       /**
-        * Earth Radius used with the Harvesine formula and approximates using a spherical (non-ellipsoid) Earth.
-        *
-        * @memberof helpers
-        * @type {number}
-        */
-       exports.earthRadius = 6371008.8;
-       /**
-        * Unit of measurement factors using a spherical (non-ellipsoid) earth radius.
-        *
-        * @memberof helpers
-        * @type {Object}
-        */
-       exports.factors = {
-           centimeters: exports.earthRadius * 100,
-           centimetres: exports.earthRadius * 100,
-           degrees: exports.earthRadius / 111325,
-           feet: exports.earthRadius * 3.28084,
-           inches: exports.earthRadius * 39.370,
-           kilometers: exports.earthRadius / 1000,
-           kilometres: exports.earthRadius / 1000,
-           meters: exports.earthRadius,
-           metres: exports.earthRadius,
-           miles: exports.earthRadius / 1609.344,
-           millimeters: exports.earthRadius * 1000,
-           millimetres: exports.earthRadius * 1000,
-           nauticalmiles: exports.earthRadius / 1852,
-           radians: 1,
-           yards: exports.earthRadius / 1.0936,
-       };
-       /**
-        * Units of measurement factors based on 1 meter.
-        *
-        * @memberof helpers
-        * @type {Object}
-        */
-       exports.unitsFactors = {
-           centimeters: 100,
-           centimetres: 100,
-           degrees: 1 / 111325,
-           feet: 3.28084,
-           inches: 39.370,
-           kilometers: 1 / 1000,
-           kilometres: 1 / 1000,
-           meters: 1,
-           metres: 1,
-           miles: 1 / 1609.344,
-           millimeters: 1000,
-           millimetres: 1000,
-           nauticalmiles: 1 / 1852,
-           radians: 1 / exports.earthRadius,
-           yards: 1 / 1.0936,
-       };
-       /**
-        * Area of measurement factors based on 1 square meter.
-        *
-        * @memberof helpers
-        * @type {Object}
-        */
-       exports.areaFactors = {
-           acres: 0.000247105,
-           centimeters: 10000,
-           centimetres: 10000,
-           feet: 10.763910417,
-           inches: 1550.003100006,
-           kilometers: 0.000001,
-           kilometres: 0.000001,
-           meters: 1,
-           metres: 1,
-           miles: 3.86e-7,
-           millimeters: 1000000,
-           millimetres: 1000000,
-           yards: 1.195990046,
-       };
-       /**
-        * Wraps a GeoJSON {@link Geometry} in a GeoJSON {@link Feature}.
-        *
-        * @name feature
-        * @param {Geometry} geometry input geometry
-        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-        * @returns {Feature} a GeoJSON Feature
-        * @example
-        * var geometry = {
-        *   "type": "Point",
-        *   "coordinates": [110, 50]
-        * };
-        *
-        * var feature = turf.feature(geometry);
-        *
-        * //=feature
-        */
-       function feature(geom, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
-           var feat = { type: "Feature" };
-           if (options.id === 0 || options.id) {
-               feat.id = options.id;
-           }
-           if (options.bbox) {
-               feat.bbox = options.bbox;
-           }
-           feat.properties = properties || {};
-           feat.geometry = geom;
-           return feat;
-       }
-       exports.feature = feature;
-       /**
-        * Creates a GeoJSON {@link Geometry} from a Geometry string type & coordinates.
-        * For GeometryCollection type use `helpers.geometryCollection`
-        *
-        * @name geometry
-        * @param {string} type Geometry Type
-        * @param {Array<any>} coordinates Coordinates
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-        * @returns {Geometry} a GeoJSON Geometry
-        * @example
-        * var type = "Point";
-        * var coordinates = [110, 50];
-        * var geometry = turf.geometry(type, coordinates);
-        * // => geometry
-        */
-       function geometry(type, coordinates, options) {
-           switch (type) {
-               case "Point": return point(coordinates).geometry;
-               case "LineString": return lineString(coordinates).geometry;
-               case "Polygon": return polygon(coordinates).geometry;
-               case "MultiPoint": return multiPoint(coordinates).geometry;
-               case "MultiLineString": return multiLineString(coordinates).geometry;
-               case "MultiPolygon": return multiPolygon(coordinates).geometry;
-               default: throw new Error(type + " is invalid");
-           }
-       }
-       exports.geometry = geometry;
-       /**
-        * Creates a {@link Point} {@link Feature} from a Position.
-        *
-        * @name point
-        * @param {Array<number>} coordinates longitude, latitude position (each in decimal degrees)
-        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-        * @returns {Feature<Point>} a Point feature
-        * @example
-        * var point = turf.point([-75.343, 39.984]);
-        *
-        * //=point
-        */
-       function point(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
-           var geom = {
-               type: "Point",
-               coordinates: coordinates,
-           };
-           return feature(geom, properties, options);
-       }
-       exports.point = point;
-       /**
-        * Creates a {@link Point} {@link FeatureCollection} from an Array of Point coordinates.
-        *
-        * @name points
-        * @param {Array<Array<number>>} coordinates an array of Points
-        * @param {Object} [properties={}] Translate these properties to each Feature
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north]
-        * associated with the FeatureCollection
-        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the FeatureCollection
-        * @returns {FeatureCollection<Point>} Point Feature
-        * @example
-        * var points = turf.points([
-        *   [-75, 39],
-        *   [-80, 45],
-        *   [-78, 50]
-        * ]);
-        *
-        * //=points
-        */
-       function points(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
-           return featureCollection(coordinates.map(function (coords) {
-               return point(coords, properties);
-           }), options);
-       }
-       exports.points = points;
-       /**
-        * Creates a {@link Polygon} {@link Feature} from an Array of LinearRings.
-        *
-        * @name polygon
-        * @param {Array<Array<Array<number>>>} coordinates an array of LinearRings
-        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-        * @returns {Feature<Polygon>} Polygon Feature
-        * @example
-        * var polygon = turf.polygon([[[-5, 52], [-4, 56], [-2, 51], [-7, 54], [-5, 52]]], { name: 'poly1' });
-        *
-        * //=polygon
-        */
-       function polygon(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
-           for (var _i = 0, coordinates_1 = coordinates; _i < coordinates_1.length; _i++) {
-               var ring = coordinates_1[_i];
-               if (ring.length < 4) {
-                   throw new Error("Each LinearRing of a Polygon must have 4 or more Positions.");
-               }
-               for (var j = 0; j < ring[ring.length - 1].length; j++) {
-                   // Check if first point of Polygon contains two numbers
-                   if (ring[ring.length - 1][j] !== ring[0][j]) {
-                       throw new Error("First and last Position are not equivalent.");
-                   }
-               }
-           }
-           var geom = {
-               type: "Polygon",
-               coordinates: coordinates,
-           };
-           return feature(geom, properties, options);
-       }
-       exports.polygon = polygon;
-       /**
-        * Creates a {@link Polygon} {@link FeatureCollection} from an Array of Polygon coordinates.
-        *
-        * @name polygons
-        * @param {Array<Array<Array<Array<number>>>>} coordinates an array of Polygon coordinates
-        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the FeatureCollection
-        * @returns {FeatureCollection<Polygon>} Polygon FeatureCollection
-        * @example
-        * var polygons = turf.polygons([
-        *   [[[-5, 52], [-4, 56], [-2, 51], [-7, 54], [-5, 52]]],
-        *   [[[-15, 42], [-14, 46], [-12, 41], [-17, 44], [-15, 42]]],
-        * ]);
-        *
-        * //=polygons
-        */
-       function polygons(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
-           return featureCollection(coordinates.map(function (coords) {
-               return polygon(coords, properties);
-           }), options);
-       }
-       exports.polygons = polygons;
-       /**
-        * Creates a {@link LineString} {@link Feature} from an Array of Positions.
-        *
-        * @name lineString
-        * @param {Array<Array<number>>} coordinates an array of Positions
-        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-        * @returns {Feature<LineString>} LineString Feature
-        * @example
-        * var linestring1 = turf.lineString([[-24, 63], [-23, 60], [-25, 65], [-20, 69]], {name: 'line 1'});
-        * var linestring2 = turf.lineString([[-14, 43], [-13, 40], [-15, 45], [-10, 49]], {name: 'line 2'});
-        *
-        * //=linestring1
-        * //=linestring2
-        */
-       function lineString(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
-           if (coordinates.length < 2) {
-               throw new Error("coordinates must be an array of two or more positions");
-           }
-           var geom = {
-               type: "LineString",
-               coordinates: coordinates,
-           };
-           return feature(geom, properties, options);
-       }
-       exports.lineString = lineString;
-       /**
-        * Creates a {@link LineString} {@link FeatureCollection} from an Array of LineString coordinates.
-        *
-        * @name lineStrings
-        * @param {Array<Array<Array<number>>>} coordinates an array of LinearRings
-        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north]
-        * associated with the FeatureCollection
-        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the FeatureCollection
-        * @returns {FeatureCollection<LineString>} LineString FeatureCollection
-        * @example
-        * var linestrings = turf.lineStrings([
-        *   [[-24, 63], [-23, 60], [-25, 65], [-20, 69]],
-        *   [[-14, 43], [-13, 40], [-15, 45], [-10, 49]]
-        * ]);
-        *
-        * //=linestrings
-        */
-       function lineStrings(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
-           return featureCollection(coordinates.map(function (coords) {
-               return lineString(coords, properties);
-           }), options);
-       }
-       exports.lineStrings = lineStrings;
-       /**
-        * Takes one or more {@link Feature|Features} and creates a {@link FeatureCollection}.
-        *
-        * @name featureCollection
-        * @param {Feature[]} features input features
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-        * @returns {FeatureCollection} FeatureCollection of Features
-        * @example
-        * var locationA = turf.point([-75.343, 39.984], {name: 'Location A'});
-        * var locationB = turf.point([-75.833, 39.284], {name: 'Location B'});
-        * var locationC = turf.point([-75.534, 39.123], {name: 'Location C'});
-        *
-        * var collection = turf.featureCollection([
-        *   locationA,
-        *   locationB,
-        *   locationC
-        * ]);
-        *
-        * //=collection
-        */
-       function featureCollection(features, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
-           var fc = { type: "FeatureCollection" };
-           if (options.id) {
-               fc.id = options.id;
-           }
-           if (options.bbox) {
-               fc.bbox = options.bbox;
-           }
-           fc.features = features;
-           return fc;
-       }
-       exports.featureCollection = featureCollection;
-       /**
-        * Creates a {@link Feature<MultiLineString>} based on a
-        * coordinate array. Properties can be added optionally.
-        *
-        * @name multiLineString
-        * @param {Array<Array<Array<number>>>} coordinates an array of LineStrings
-        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-        * @returns {Feature<MultiLineString>} a MultiLineString feature
-        * @throws {Error} if no coordinates are passed
-        * @example
-        * var multiLine = turf.multiLineString([[[0,0],[10,10]]]);
-        *
-        * //=multiLine
-        */
-       function multiLineString(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
-           var geom = {
-               type: "MultiLineString",
-               coordinates: coordinates,
-           };
-           return feature(geom, properties, options);
-       }
-       exports.multiLineString = multiLineString;
-       /**
-        * Creates a {@link Feature<MultiPoint>} based on a
-        * coordinate array. Properties can be added optionally.
-        *
-        * @name multiPoint
-        * @param {Array<Array<number>>} coordinates an array of Positions
-        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-        * @returns {Feature<MultiPoint>} a MultiPoint feature
-        * @throws {Error} if no coordinates are passed
-        * @example
-        * var multiPt = turf.multiPoint([[0,0],[10,10]]);
-        *
-        * //=multiPt
-        */
-       function multiPoint(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
-           var geom = {
-               type: "MultiPoint",
-               coordinates: coordinates,
-           };
-           return feature(geom, properties, options);
-       }
-       exports.multiPoint = multiPoint;
-       /**
-        * Creates a {@link Feature<MultiPolygon>} based on a
-        * coordinate array. Properties can be added optionally.
-        *
-        * @name multiPolygon
-        * @param {Array<Array<Array<Array<number>>>>} coordinates an array of Polygons
-        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-        * @returns {Feature<MultiPolygon>} a multipolygon feature
-        * @throws {Error} if no coordinates are passed
-        * @example
-        * var multiPoly = turf.multiPolygon([[[[0,0],[0,10],[10,10],[10,0],[0,0]]]]);
-        *
-        * //=multiPoly
-        *
-        */
-       function multiPolygon(coordinates, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
-           var geom = {
-               type: "MultiPolygon",
-               coordinates: coordinates,
-           };
-           return feature(geom, properties, options);
-       }
-       exports.multiPolygon = multiPolygon;
-       /**
-        * Creates a {@link Feature<GeometryCollection>} based on a
-        * coordinate array. Properties can be added optionally.
-        *
-        * @name geometryCollection
-        * @param {Array<Geometry>} geometries an array of GeoJSON Geometries
-        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-        * @returns {Feature<GeometryCollection>} a GeoJSON GeometryCollection Feature
-        * @example
-        * var pt = turf.geometry("Point", [100, 0]);
-        * var line = turf.geometry("LineString", [[101, 0], [102, 1]]);
-        * var collection = turf.geometryCollection([pt, line]);
-        *
-        * // => collection
-        */
-       function geometryCollection(geometries, properties, options) {
-           if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
-           var geom = {
-               type: "GeometryCollection",
-               geometries: geometries,
-           };
-           return feature(geom, properties, options);
-       }
-       exports.geometryCollection = geometryCollection;
-       /**
-        * Round number to precision
-        *
-        * @param {number} num Number
-        * @param {number} [precision=0] Precision
-        * @returns {number} rounded number
-        * @example
-        * turf.round(120.4321)
-        * //=120
-        *
-        * turf.round(120.4321, 2)
-        * //=120.43
-        */
-       function round(num, precision) {
-           if (precision === void 0) { precision = 0; }
-           if (precision && !(precision >= 0)) {
-               throw new Error("precision must be a positive number");
-           }
-           var multiplier = Math.pow(10, precision || 0);
-           return Math.round(num * multiplier) / multiplier;
-       }
-       exports.round = round;
-       /**
-        * Convert a distance measurement (assuming a spherical Earth) from radians to a more friendly unit.
-        * Valid units: miles, nauticalmiles, inches, yards, meters, metres, kilometers, centimeters, feet
-        *
-        * @name radiansToLength
-        * @param {number} radians in radians across the sphere
-        * @param {string} [units="kilometers"] can be degrees, radians, miles, or kilometers inches, yards, metres,
-        * meters, kilometres, kilometers.
-        * @returns {number} distance
-        */
-       function radiansToLength(radians, units) {
-           if (units === void 0) { units = "kilometers"; }
-           var factor = exports.factors[units];
-           if (!factor) {
-               throw new Error(units + " units is invalid");
-           }
-           return radians * factor;
-       }
-       exports.radiansToLength = radiansToLength;
-       /**
-        * Convert a distance measurement (assuming a spherical Earth) from a real-world unit into radians
-        * Valid units: miles, nauticalmiles, inches, yards, meters, metres, kilometers, centimeters, feet
-        *
-        * @name lengthToRadians
-        * @param {number} distance in real units
-        * @param {string} [units="kilometers"] can be degrees, radians, miles, or kilometers inches, yards, metres,
-        * meters, kilometres, kilometers.
-        * @returns {number} radians
-        */
-       function lengthToRadians(distance, units) {
-           if (units === void 0) { units = "kilometers"; }
-           var factor = exports.factors[units];
-           if (!factor) {
-               throw new Error(units + " units is invalid");
-           }
-           return distance / factor;
-       }
-       exports.lengthToRadians = lengthToRadians;
-       /**
-        * Convert a distance measurement (assuming a spherical Earth) from a real-world unit into degrees
-        * Valid units: miles, nauticalmiles, inches, yards, meters, metres, centimeters, kilometres, feet
-        *
-        * @name lengthToDegrees
-        * @param {number} distance in real units
-        * @param {string} [units="kilometers"] can be degrees, radians, miles, or kilometers inches, yards, metres,
-        * meters, kilometres, kilometers.
-        * @returns {number} degrees
-        */
-       function lengthToDegrees(distance, units) {
-           return radiansToDegrees(lengthToRadians(distance, units));
-       }
-       exports.lengthToDegrees = lengthToDegrees;
-       /**
-        * Converts any bearing angle from the north line direction (positive clockwise)
-        * and returns an angle between 0-360 degrees (positive clockwise), 0 being the north line
-        *
-        * @name bearingToAzimuth
-        * @param {number} bearing angle, between -180 and +180 degrees
-        * @returns {number} angle between 0 and 360 degrees
-        */
-       function bearingToAzimuth(bearing) {
-           var angle = bearing % 360;
-           if (angle < 0) {
-               angle += 360;
-           }
-           return angle;
-       }
-       exports.bearingToAzimuth = bearingToAzimuth;
-       /**
-        * Converts an angle in radians to degrees
-        *
-        * @name radiansToDegrees
-        * @param {number} radians angle in radians
-        * @returns {number} degrees between 0 and 360 degrees
-        */
-       function radiansToDegrees(radians) {
-           var degrees = radians % (2 * Math.PI);
-           return degrees * 180 / Math.PI;
-       }
-       exports.radiansToDegrees = radiansToDegrees;
-       /**
-        * Converts an angle in degrees to radians
-        *
-        * @name degreesToRadians
-        * @param {number} degrees angle between 0 and 360 degrees
-        * @returns {number} angle in radians
-        */
-       function degreesToRadians(degrees) {
-           var radians = degrees % 360;
-           return radians * Math.PI / 180;
-       }
-       exports.degreesToRadians = degreesToRadians;
-       /**
-        * Converts a length to the requested unit.
-        * Valid units: miles, nauticalmiles, inches, yards, meters, metres, kilometers, centimeters, feet
-        *
-        * @param {number} length to be converted
-        * @param {Units} [originalUnit="kilometers"] of the length
-        * @param {Units} [finalUnit="kilometers"] returned unit
-        * @returns {number} the converted length
-        */
-       function convertLength(length, originalUnit, finalUnit) {
-           if (originalUnit === void 0) { originalUnit = "kilometers"; }
-           if (finalUnit === void 0) { finalUnit = "kilometers"; }
-           if (!(length >= 0)) {
-               throw new Error("length must be a positive number");
-           }
-           return radiansToLength(lengthToRadians(length, originalUnit), finalUnit);
-       }
-       exports.convertLength = convertLength;
-       /**
-        * Converts a area to the requested unit.
-        * Valid units: kilometers, kilometres, meters, metres, centimetres, millimeters, acres, miles, yards, feet, inches
-        * @param {number} area to be converted
-        * @param {Units} [originalUnit="meters"] of the distance
-        * @param {Units} [finalUnit="kilometers"] returned unit
-        * @returns {number} the converted distance
-        */
-       function convertArea(area, originalUnit, finalUnit) {
-           if (originalUnit === void 0) { originalUnit = "meters"; }
-           if (finalUnit === void 0) { finalUnit = "kilometers"; }
-           if (!(area >= 0)) {
-               throw new Error("area must be a positive number");
-           }
-           var startFactor = exports.areaFactors[originalUnit];
-           if (!startFactor) {
-               throw new Error("invalid original units");
-           }
-           var finalFactor = exports.areaFactors[finalUnit];
-           if (!finalFactor) {
-               throw new Error("invalid final units");
-           }
-           return (area / startFactor) * finalFactor;
-       }
-       exports.convertArea = convertArea;
-       /**
-        * isNumber
-        *
-        * @param {*} num Number to validate
-        * @returns {boolean} true/false
-        * @example
-        * turf.isNumber(123)
-        * //=true
-        * turf.isNumber('foo')
-        * //=false
-        */
-       function isNumber(num) {
-           return !isNaN(num) && num !== null && !Array.isArray(num) && !/^\s*$/.test(num);
-       }
-       exports.isNumber = isNumber;
-       /**
-        * isObject
-        *
-        * @param {*} input variable to validate
-        * @returns {boolean} true/false
-        * @example
-        * turf.isObject({elevation: 10})
-        * //=true
-        * turf.isObject('foo')
-        * //=false
-        */
-       function isObject(input) {
-           return (!!input) && (input.constructor === Object);
-       }
-       exports.isObject = isObject;
-       /**
-        * Validate BBox
-        *
-        * @private
-        * @param {Array<number>} bbox BBox to validate
-        * @returns {void}
-        * @throws Error if BBox is not valid
-        * @example
-        * validateBBox([-180, -40, 110, 50])
-        * //=OK
-        * validateBBox([-180, -40])
-        * //=Error
-        * validateBBox('Foo')
-        * //=Error
-        * validateBBox(5)
-        * //=Error
-        * validateBBox(null)
-        * //=Error
-        * validateBBox(undefined)
-        * //=Error
-        */
-       function validateBBox(bbox) {
-           if (!bbox) {
-               throw new Error("bbox is required");
-           }
-           if (!Array.isArray(bbox)) {
-               throw new Error("bbox must be an Array");
-           }
-           if (bbox.length !== 4 && bbox.length !== 6) {
-               throw new Error("bbox must be an Array of 4 or 6 numbers");
-           }
-           bbox.forEach(function (num) {
-               if (!isNumber(num)) {
-                   throw new Error("bbox must only contain numbers");
+             var assign = createAssigner(function (object, source) {
+               if (isPrototype(source) || isArrayLike(source)) {
+                 copyObject(source, keys(source), object);
+                 return;
                }
-           });
-       }
-       exports.validateBBox = validateBBox;
-       /**
-        * Validate Id
-        *
-        * @private
-        * @param {string|number} id Id to validate
-        * @returns {void}
-        * @throws Error if Id is not valid
-        * @example
-        * validateId([-180, -40, 110, 50])
-        * //=Error
-        * validateId([-180, -40])
-        * //=Error
-        * validateId('Foo')
-        * //=OK
-        * validateId(5)
-        * //=OK
-        * validateId(null)
-        * //=Error
-        * validateId(undefined)
-        * //=Error
-        */
-       function validateId(id) {
-           if (!id) {
-               throw new Error("id is required");
-           }
-           if (["string", "number"].indexOf(typeof id) === -1) {
-               throw new Error("id must be a number or a string");
-           }
-       }
-       exports.validateId = validateId;
-       // Deprecated methods
-       function radians2degrees() {
-           throw new Error("method has been renamed to `radiansToDegrees`");
-       }
-       exports.radians2degrees = radians2degrees;
-       function degrees2radians() {
-           throw new Error("method has been renamed to `degreesToRadians`");
-       }
-       exports.degrees2radians = degrees2radians;
-       function distanceToDegrees() {
-           throw new Error("method has been renamed to `lengthToDegrees`");
-       }
-       exports.distanceToDegrees = distanceToDegrees;
-       function distanceToRadians() {
-           throw new Error("method has been renamed to `lengthToRadians`");
-       }
-       exports.distanceToRadians = distanceToRadians;
-       function radiansToDistance() {
-           throw new Error("method has been renamed to `radiansToLength`");
-       }
-       exports.radiansToDistance = radiansToDistance;
-       function bearingToAngle() {
-           throw new Error("method has been renamed to `bearingToAzimuth`");
-       }
-       exports.bearingToAngle = bearingToAngle;
-       function convertDistance() {
-           throw new Error("method has been renamed to `convertLength`");
-       }
-       exports.convertDistance = convertDistance;
-       });
 
-       var invariant = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
-
-       /**
-        * Unwrap a coordinate from a Point Feature, Geometry or a single coordinate.
-        *
-        * @name getCoord
-        * @param {Array<number>|Geometry<Point>|Feature<Point>} coord GeoJSON Point or an Array of numbers
-        * @returns {Array<number>} coordinates
-        * @example
-        * var pt = turf.point([10, 10]);
-        *
-        * var coord = turf.getCoord(pt);
-        * //= [10, 10]
-        */
-       function getCoord(coord) {
-           if (!coord) {
-               throw new Error("coord is required");
-           }
-           if (!Array.isArray(coord)) {
-               if (coord.type === "Feature" && coord.geometry !== null && coord.geometry.type === "Point") {
-                   return coord.geometry.coordinates;
-               }
-               if (coord.type === "Point") {
-                   return coord.coordinates;
-               }
-           }
-           if (Array.isArray(coord) && coord.length >= 2 && !Array.isArray(coord[0]) && !Array.isArray(coord[1])) {
-               return coord;
-           }
-           throw new Error("coord must be GeoJSON Point or an Array of numbers");
-       }
-       exports.getCoord = getCoord;
-       /**
-        * Unwrap coordinates from a Feature, Geometry Object or an Array
-        *
-        * @name getCoords
-        * @param {Array<any>|Geometry|Feature} coords Feature, Geometry Object or an Array
-        * @returns {Array<any>} coordinates
-        * @example
-        * var poly = turf.polygon([[[119.32, -8.7], [119.55, -8.69], [119.51, -8.54], [119.32, -8.7]]]);
-        *
-        * var coords = turf.getCoords(poly);
-        * //= [[[119.32, -8.7], [119.55, -8.69], [119.51, -8.54], [119.32, -8.7]]]
-        */
-       function getCoords(coords) {
-           if (Array.isArray(coords)) {
-               return coords;
-           }
-           // Feature
-           if (coords.type === "Feature") {
-               if (coords.geometry !== null) {
-                   return coords.geometry.coordinates;
-               }
-           }
-           else {
-               // Geometry
-               if (coords.coordinates) {
-                   return coords.coordinates;
-               }
-           }
-           throw new Error("coords must be GeoJSON Feature, Geometry Object or an Array");
-       }
-       exports.getCoords = getCoords;
-       /**
-        * Checks if coordinates contains a number
-        *
-        * @name containsNumber
-        * @param {Array<any>} coordinates GeoJSON Coordinates
-        * @returns {boolean} true if Array contains a number
-        */
-       function containsNumber(coordinates) {
-           if (coordinates.length > 1 && helpers$1.isNumber(coordinates[0]) && helpers$1.isNumber(coordinates[1])) {
-               return true;
-           }
-           if (Array.isArray(coordinates[0]) && coordinates[0].length) {
-               return containsNumber(coordinates[0]);
-           }
-           throw new Error("coordinates must only contain numbers");
-       }
-       exports.containsNumber = containsNumber;
-       /**
-        * Enforce expectations about types of GeoJSON objects for Turf.
-        *
-        * @name geojsonType
-        * @param {GeoJSON} value any GeoJSON object
-        * @param {string} type expected GeoJSON type
-        * @param {string} name name of calling function
-        * @throws {Error} if value is not the expected type.
-        */
-       function geojsonType(value, type, name) {
-           if (!type || !name) {
-               throw new Error("type and name required");
-           }
-           if (!value || value.type !== type) {
-               throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ": must be a " + type + ", given " + value.type);
-           }
-       }
-       exports.geojsonType = geojsonType;
-       /**
-        * Enforce expectations about types of {@link Feature} inputs for Turf.
-        * Internally this uses {@link geojsonType} to judge geometry types.
-        *
-        * @name featureOf
-        * @param {Feature} feature a feature with an expected geometry type
-        * @param {string} type expected GeoJSON type
-        * @param {string} name name of calling function
-        * @throws {Error} error if value is not the expected type.
-        */
-       function featureOf(feature, type, name) {
-           if (!feature) {
-               throw new Error("No feature passed");
-           }
-           if (!name) {
-               throw new Error(".featureOf() requires a name");
-           }
-           if (!feature || feature.type !== "Feature" || !feature.geometry) {
-               throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ", Feature with geometry required");
-           }
-           if (!feature.geometry || feature.geometry.type !== type) {
-               throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ": must be a " + type + ", given " + feature.geometry.type);
-           }
-       }
-       exports.featureOf = featureOf;
-       /**
-        * Enforce expectations about types of {@link FeatureCollection} inputs for Turf.
-        * Internally this uses {@link geojsonType} to judge geometry types.
-        *
-        * @name collectionOf
-        * @param {FeatureCollection} featureCollection a FeatureCollection for which features will be judged
-        * @param {string} type expected GeoJSON type
-        * @param {string} name name of calling function
-        * @throws {Error} if value is not the expected type.
-        */
-       function collectionOf(featureCollection, type, name) {
-           if (!featureCollection) {
-               throw new Error("No featureCollection passed");
-           }
-           if (!name) {
-               throw new Error(".collectionOf() requires a name");
-           }
-           if (!featureCollection || featureCollection.type !== "FeatureCollection") {
-               throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ", FeatureCollection required");
-           }
-           for (var _i = 0, _a = featureCollection.features; _i < _a.length; _i++) {
-               var feature = _a[_i];
-               if (!feature || feature.type !== "Feature" || !feature.geometry) {
-                   throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ", Feature with geometry required");
-               }
-               if (!feature.geometry || feature.geometry.type !== type) {
-                   throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ": must be a " + type + ", given " + feature.geometry.type);
+               for (var key in source) {
+                 if (hasOwnProperty.call(source, key)) {
+                   assignValue(object, key, source[key]);
+                 }
                }
-           }
-       }
-       exports.collectionOf = collectionOf;
-       /**
-        * Get Geometry from Feature or Geometry Object
-        *
-        * @param {Feature|Geometry} geojson GeoJSON Feature or Geometry Object
-        * @returns {Geometry|null} GeoJSON Geometry Object
-        * @throws {Error} if geojson is not a Feature or Geometry Object
-        * @example
-        * var point = {
-        *   "type": "Feature",
-        *   "properties": {},
-        *   "geometry": {
-        *     "type": "Point",
-        *     "coordinates": [110, 40]
-        *   }
-        * }
-        * var geom = turf.getGeom(point)
-        * //={"type": "Point", "coordinates": [110, 40]}
-        */
-       function getGeom(geojson) {
-           if (geojson.type === "Feature") {
-               return geojson.geometry;
-           }
-           return geojson;
-       }
-       exports.getGeom = getGeom;
-       /**
-        * Get GeoJSON object's type, Geometry type is prioritize.
-        *
-        * @param {GeoJSON} geojson GeoJSON object
-        * @param {string} [name="geojson"] name of the variable to display in error message
-        * @returns {string} GeoJSON type
-        * @example
-        * var point = {
-        *   "type": "Feature",
-        *   "properties": {},
-        *   "geometry": {
-        *     "type": "Point",
-        *     "coordinates": [110, 40]
-        *   }
-        * }
-        * var geom = turf.getType(point)
-        * //="Point"
-        */
-       function getType(geojson, name) {
-           if (geojson.type === "FeatureCollection") {
-               return "FeatureCollection";
-           }
-           if (geojson.type === "GeometryCollection") {
-               return "GeometryCollection";
-           }
-           if (geojson.type === "Feature" && geojson.geometry !== null) {
-               return geojson.geometry.type;
-           }
-           return geojson.type;
-       }
-       exports.getType = getType;
-       });
-
-       var lineclip_1 = lineclip;
-       var _default = lineclip;
-
-       lineclip.polyline = lineclip;
-       lineclip.polygon = polygonclip;
-
-
-       // Cohen-Sutherland line clippign algorithm, adapted to efficiently
-       // handle polylines rather than just segments
+             });
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.assign` except that it iterates over own and
+              * inherited source properties.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method mutates `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @alias extend
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The destination object.
+              * @param {...Object} [sources] The source objects.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @see _.assign
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Foo() {
+              *   this.a = 1;
+              * }
+              *
+              * function Bar() {
+              *   this.c = 3;
+              * }
+              *
+              * Foo.prototype.b = 2;
+              * Bar.prototype.d = 4;
+              *
+              * _.assignIn({ 'a': 0 }, new Foo, new Bar);
+              * // => { 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4 }
+              */
 
-       function lineclip(points, bbox, result) {
+             var assignIn = createAssigner(function (object, source) {
+               copyObject(source, keysIn(source), object);
+             });
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.assignIn` except that it accepts `customizer`
+              * which is invoked to produce the assigned values. If `customizer` returns
+              * `undefined`, assignment is handled by the method instead. The `customizer`
+              * is invoked with five arguments: (objValue, srcValue, key, object, source).
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method mutates `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @alias extendWith
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The destination object.
+              * @param {...Object} sources The source objects.
+              * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize assigned values.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @see _.assignWith
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function customizer(objValue, srcValue) {
+              *   return _.isUndefined(objValue) ? srcValue : objValue;
+              * }
+              *
+              * var defaults = _.partialRight(_.assignInWith, customizer);
+              *
+              * defaults({ 'a': 1 }, { 'b': 2 }, { 'a': 3 });
+              * // => { 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }
+              */
 
-           var len = points.length,
-               codeA = bitCode(points[0], bbox),
-               part = [],
-               i, a, b, codeB, lastCode;
+             var assignInWith = createAssigner(function (object, source, srcIndex, customizer) {
+               copyObject(source, keysIn(source), object, customizer);
+             });
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.assign` except that it accepts `customizer`
+              * which is invoked to produce the assigned values. If `customizer` returns
+              * `undefined`, assignment is handled by the method instead. The `customizer`
+              * is invoked with five arguments: (objValue, srcValue, key, object, source).
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method mutates `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The destination object.
+              * @param {...Object} sources The source objects.
+              * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize assigned values.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @see _.assignInWith
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function customizer(objValue, srcValue) {
+              *   return _.isUndefined(objValue) ? srcValue : objValue;
+              * }
+              *
+              * var defaults = _.partialRight(_.assignWith, customizer);
+              *
+              * defaults({ 'a': 1 }, { 'b': 2 }, { 'a': 3 });
+              * // => { 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }
+              */
 
-           if (!result) result = [];
+             var assignWith = createAssigner(function (object, source, srcIndex, customizer) {
+               copyObject(source, keys(source), object, customizer);
+             });
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of values corresponding to `paths` of `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 1.0.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
+              * @param {...(string|string[])} [paths] The property paths to pick.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the picked values.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': [{ 'b': { 'c': 3 } }, 4] };
+              *
+              * _.at(object, ['a[0].b.c', 'a[1]']);
+              * // => [3, 4]
+              */
 
-           for (i = 1; i < len; i++) {
-               a = points[i - 1];
-               b = points[i];
-               codeB = lastCode = bitCode(b, bbox);
+             var at = flatRest(baseAt);
+             /**
+              * Creates an object that inherits from the `prototype` object. If a
+              * `properties` object is given, its own enumerable string keyed properties
+              * are assigned to the created object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.3.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} prototype The object to inherit from.
+              * @param {Object} [properties] The properties to assign to the object.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Shape() {
+              *   this.x = 0;
+              *   this.y = 0;
+              * }
+              *
+              * function Circle() {
+              *   Shape.call(this);
+              * }
+              *
+              * Circle.prototype = _.create(Shape.prototype, {
+              *   'constructor': Circle
+              * });
+              *
+              * var circle = new Circle;
+              * circle instanceof Circle;
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * circle instanceof Shape;
+              * // => true
+              */
 
-               while (true) {
+             function create(prototype, properties) {
+               var result = baseCreate(prototype);
+               return properties == null ? result : baseAssign(result, properties);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Assigns own and inherited enumerable string keyed properties of source
+              * objects to the destination object for all destination properties that
+              * resolve to `undefined`. Source objects are applied from left to right.
+              * Once a property is set, additional values of the same property are ignored.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method mutates `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The destination object.
+              * @param {...Object} [sources] The source objects.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @see _.defaultsDeep
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.defaults({ 'a': 1 }, { 'b': 2 }, { 'a': 3 });
+              * // => { 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }
+              */
 
-                   if (!(codeA | codeB)) { // accept
-                       part.push(a);
 
-                       if (codeB !== lastCode) { // segment went outside
-                           part.push(b);
+             var defaults = baseRest(function (object, sources) {
+               object = Object(object);
+               var index = -1;
+               var length = sources.length;
+               var guard = length > 2 ? sources[2] : undefined$1;
 
-                           if (i < len - 1) { // start a new line
-                               result.push(part);
-                               part = [];
-                           }
-                       } else if (i === len - 1) {
-                           part.push(b);
-                       }
-                       break;
+               if (guard && isIterateeCall(sources[0], sources[1], guard)) {
+                 length = 1;
+               }
 
-                   } else if (codeA & codeB) { // trivial reject
-                       break;
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var source = sources[index];
+                 var props = keysIn(source);
+                 var propsIndex = -1;
+                 var propsLength = props.length;
 
-                   } else if (codeA) { // a outside, intersect with clip edge
-                       a = intersect(a, b, codeA, bbox);
-                       codeA = bitCode(a, bbox);
+                 while (++propsIndex < propsLength) {
+                   var key = props[propsIndex];
+                   var value = object[key];
 
-                   } else { // b outside
-                       b = intersect(a, b, codeB, bbox);
-                       codeB = bitCode(b, bbox);
+                   if (value === undefined$1 || eq(value, objectProto[key]) && !hasOwnProperty.call(object, key)) {
+                     object[key] = source[key];
                    }
+                 }
                }
 
-               codeA = lastCode;
-           }
+               return object;
+             });
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.defaults` except that it recursively assigns
+              * default properties.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method mutates `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.10.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The destination object.
+              * @param {...Object} [sources] The source objects.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @see _.defaults
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.defaultsDeep({ 'a': { 'b': 2 } }, { 'a': { 'b': 1, 'c': 3 } });
+              * // => { 'a': { 'b': 2, 'c': 3 } }
+              */
 
-           if (part.length) result.push(part);
+             var defaultsDeep = baseRest(function (args) {
+               args.push(undefined$1, customDefaultsMerge);
+               return apply(mergeWith, undefined$1, args);
+             });
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.find` except that it returns the key of the first
+              * element `predicate` returns truthy for instead of the element itself.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 1.1.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {string|undefined} Returns the key of the matched element,
+              *  else `undefined`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = {
+              *   'barney':  { 'age': 36, 'active': true },
+              *   'fred':    { 'age': 40, 'active': false },
+              *   'pebbles': { 'age': 1,  'active': true }
+              * };
+              *
+              * _.findKey(users, function(o) { return o.age < 40; });
+              * // => 'barney' (iteration order is not guaranteed)
+              *
+              * // The `_.matches` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.findKey(users, { 'age': 1, 'active': true });
+              * // => 'pebbles'
+              *
+              * // The `_.matchesProperty` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.findKey(users, ['active', false]);
+              * // => 'fred'
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.findKey(users, 'active');
+              * // => 'barney'
+              */
 
-           return result;
-       }
+             function findKey(object, predicate) {
+               return baseFindKey(object, getIteratee(predicate, 3), baseForOwn);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.findKey` except that it iterates over elements of
+              * a collection in the opposite order.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.0.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {string|undefined} Returns the key of the matched element,
+              *  else `undefined`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = {
+              *   'barney':  { 'age': 36, 'active': true },
+              *   'fred':    { 'age': 40, 'active': false },
+              *   'pebbles': { 'age': 1,  'active': true }
+              * };
+              *
+              * _.findLastKey(users, function(o) { return o.age < 40; });
+              * // => returns 'pebbles' assuming `_.findKey` returns 'barney'
+              *
+              * // The `_.matches` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.findLastKey(users, { 'age': 36, 'active': true });
+              * // => 'barney'
+              *
+              * // The `_.matchesProperty` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.findLastKey(users, ['active', false]);
+              * // => 'fred'
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.findLastKey(users, 'active');
+              * // => 'pebbles'
+              */
 
-       // Sutherland-Hodgeman polygon clipping algorithm
 
-       function polygonclip(points, bbox) {
+             function findLastKey(object, predicate) {
+               return baseFindKey(object, getIteratee(predicate, 3), baseForOwnRight);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Iterates over own and inherited enumerable string keyed properties of an
+              * object and invokes `iteratee` for each property. The iteratee is invoked
+              * with three arguments: (value, key, object). Iteratee functions may exit
+              * iteration early by explicitly returning `false`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.3.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @see _.forInRight
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Foo() {
+              *   this.a = 1;
+              *   this.b = 2;
+              * }
+              *
+              * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
+              *
+              * _.forIn(new Foo, function(value, key) {
+              *   console.log(key);
+              * });
+              * // => Logs 'a', 'b', then 'c' (iteration order is not guaranteed).
+              */
 
-           var result, edge, prev, prevInside, i, p, inside;
 
-           // clip against each side of the clip rectangle
-           for (edge = 1; edge <= 8; edge *= 2) {
-               result = [];
-               prev = points[points.length - 1];
-               prevInside = !(bitCode(prev, bbox) & edge);
+             function forIn(object, iteratee) {
+               return object == null ? object : baseFor(object, getIteratee(iteratee, 3), keysIn);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.forIn` except that it iterates over properties of
+              * `object` in the opposite order.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.0.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @see _.forIn
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Foo() {
+              *   this.a = 1;
+              *   this.b = 2;
+              * }
+              *
+              * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
+              *
+              * _.forInRight(new Foo, function(value, key) {
+              *   console.log(key);
+              * });
+              * // => Logs 'c', 'b', then 'a' assuming `_.forIn` logs 'a', 'b', then 'c'.
+              */
 
-               for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
-                   p = points[i];
-                   inside = !(bitCode(p, bbox) & edge);
 
-                   // if segment goes through the clip window, add an intersection
-                   if (inside !== prevInside) result.push(intersect(prev, p, edge, bbox));
+             function forInRight(object, iteratee) {
+               return object == null ? object : baseForRight(object, getIteratee(iteratee, 3), keysIn);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Iterates over own enumerable string keyed properties of an object and
+              * invokes `iteratee` for each property. The iteratee is invoked with three
+              * arguments: (value, key, object). Iteratee functions may exit iteration
+              * early by explicitly returning `false`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.3.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @see _.forOwnRight
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Foo() {
+              *   this.a = 1;
+              *   this.b = 2;
+              * }
+              *
+              * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
+              *
+              * _.forOwn(new Foo, function(value, key) {
+              *   console.log(key);
+              * });
+              * // => Logs 'a' then 'b' (iteration order is not guaranteed).
+              */
 
-                   if (inside) result.push(p); // add a point if it's inside
 
-                   prev = p;
-                   prevInside = inside;
-               }
+             function forOwn(object, iteratee) {
+               return object && baseForOwn(object, getIteratee(iteratee, 3));
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.forOwn` except that it iterates over properties of
+              * `object` in the opposite order.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.0.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @see _.forOwn
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Foo() {
+              *   this.a = 1;
+              *   this.b = 2;
+              * }
+              *
+              * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
+              *
+              * _.forOwnRight(new Foo, function(value, key) {
+              *   console.log(key);
+              * });
+              * // => Logs 'b' then 'a' assuming `_.forOwn` logs 'a' then 'b'.
+              */
 
-               points = result;
 
-               if (!points.length) break;
-           }
+             function forOwnRight(object, iteratee) {
+               return object && baseForOwnRight(object, getIteratee(iteratee, 3));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of function property names from own enumerable properties
+              * of `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the function names.
+              * @see _.functionsIn
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Foo() {
+              *   this.a = _.constant('a');
+              *   this.b = _.constant('b');
+              * }
+              *
+              * Foo.prototype.c = _.constant('c');
+              *
+              * _.functions(new Foo);
+              * // => ['a', 'b']
+              */
 
-           return result;
-       }
 
-       // intersect a segment against one of the 4 lines that make up the bbox
+             function functions(object) {
+               return object == null ? [] : baseFunctions(object, keys(object));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of function property names from own and inherited
+              * enumerable properties of `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the function names.
+              * @see _.functions
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Foo() {
+              *   this.a = _.constant('a');
+              *   this.b = _.constant('b');
+              * }
+              *
+              * Foo.prototype.c = _.constant('c');
+              *
+              * _.functionsIn(new Foo);
+              * // => ['a', 'b', 'c']
+              */
 
-       function intersect(a, b, edge, bbox) {
-           return edge & 8 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[3] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[3]] : // top
-                  edge & 4 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[1] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[1]] : // bottom
-                  edge & 2 ? [bbox[2], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[2] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] : // right
-                  edge & 1 ? [bbox[0], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[0] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] : // left
-                  null;
-       }
 
-       // bit code reflects the point position relative to the bbox:
+             function functionsIn(object) {
+               return object == null ? [] : baseFunctions(object, keysIn(object));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Gets the value at `path` of `object`. If the resolved value is
+              * `undefined`, the `defaultValue` is returned in its place.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.7.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to get.
+              * @param {*} [defaultValue] The value returned for `undefined` resolved values.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the resolved value.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': [{ 'b': { 'c': 3 } }] };
+              *
+              * _.get(object, 'a[0].b.c');
+              * // => 3
+              *
+              * _.get(object, ['a', '0', 'b', 'c']);
+              * // => 3
+              *
+              * _.get(object, 'a.b.c', 'default');
+              * // => 'default'
+              */
 
-       //         left  mid  right
-       //    top  1001  1000  1010
-       //    mid  0001  0000  0010
-       // bottom  0101  0100  0110
 
-       function bitCode(p, bbox) {
-           var code = 0;
+             function get(object, path, defaultValue) {
+               var result = object == null ? undefined$1 : baseGet(object, path);
+               return result === undefined$1 ? defaultValue : result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `path` is a direct property of `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `path` exists, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': { 'b': 2 } };
+              * var other = _.create({ 'a': _.create({ 'b': 2 }) });
+              *
+              * _.has(object, 'a');
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.has(object, 'a.b');
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.has(object, ['a', 'b']);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.has(other, 'a');
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           if (p[0] < bbox[0]) code |= 1; // left
-           else if (p[0] > bbox[2]) code |= 2; // right
 
-           if (p[1] < bbox[1]) code |= 4; // bottom
-           else if (p[1] > bbox[3]) code |= 8; // top
+             function has(object, path) {
+               return object != null && hasPath(object, path, baseHas);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `path` is a direct or inherited property of `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path to check.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `path` exists, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = _.create({ 'a': _.create({ 'b': 2 }) });
+              *
+              * _.hasIn(object, 'a');
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.hasIn(object, 'a.b');
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.hasIn(object, ['a', 'b']);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.hasIn(object, 'b');
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-           return code;
-       }
-       lineclip_1.default = _default;
 
-       var bboxClip_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       var __importStar = (commonjsGlobal && commonjsGlobal.__importStar) || function (mod) {
-           if (mod && mod.__esModule) return mod;
-           var result = {};
-           if (mod != null) for (var k in mod) if (Object.hasOwnProperty.call(mod, k)) result[k] = mod[k];
-           result["default"] = mod;
-           return result;
-       };
-       Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+             function hasIn(object, path) {
+               return object != null && hasPath(object, path, baseHasIn);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an object composed of the inverted keys and values of `object`.
+              * If `object` contains duplicate values, subsequent values overwrite
+              * property assignments of previous values.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.7.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to invert.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new inverted object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 1 };
+              *
+              * _.invert(object);
+              * // => { '1': 'c', '2': 'b' }
+              */
 
 
-       var lineclip = __importStar(lineclip_1);
-       /**
-        * Takes a {@link Feature} and a bbox and clips the feature to the bbox using
-        * [lineclip](https://github.com/mapbox/lineclip).
-        * May result in degenerate edges when clipping Polygons.
-        *
-        * @name bboxClip
-        * @param {Feature<LineString|MultiLineString|Polygon|MultiPolygon>} feature feature to clip to the bbox
-        * @param {BBox} bbox extent in [minX, minY, maxX, maxY] order
-        * @returns {Feature<LineString|MultiLineString|Polygon|MultiPolygon>} clipped Feature
-        * @example
-        * var bbox = [0, 0, 10, 10];
-        * var poly = turf.polygon([[[2, 2], [8, 4], [12, 8], [3, 7], [2, 2]]]);
-        *
-        * var clipped = turf.bboxClip(poly, bbox);
-        *
-        * //addToMap
-        * var addToMap = [bbox, poly, clipped]
-        */
-       function bboxClip(feature, bbox) {
-           var geom = invariant.getGeom(feature);
-           var type = geom.type;
-           var properties = feature.type === "Feature" ? feature.properties : {};
-           var coords = geom.coordinates;
-           switch (type) {
-               case "LineString":
-               case "MultiLineString":
-                   var lines_1 = [];
-                   if (type === "LineString") {
-                       coords = [coords];
-                   }
-                   coords.forEach(function (line) {
-                       lineclip.polyline(line, bbox, lines_1);
-                   });
-                   if (lines_1.length === 1) {
-                       return helpers$1.lineString(lines_1[0], properties);
-                   }
-                   return helpers$1.multiLineString(lines_1, properties);
-               case "Polygon":
-                   return helpers$1.polygon(clipPolygon(coords, bbox), properties);
-               case "MultiPolygon":
-                   return helpers$1.multiPolygon(coords.map(function (poly) {
-                       return clipPolygon(poly, bbox);
-                   }), properties);
-               default:
-                   throw new Error("geometry " + type + " not supported");
-           }
-       }
-       exports.default = bboxClip;
-       function clipPolygon(rings, bbox) {
-           var outRings = [];
-           for (var _i = 0, rings_1 = rings; _i < rings_1.length; _i++) {
-               var ring = rings_1[_i];
-               var clipped = lineclip.polygon(ring, bbox);
-               if (clipped.length > 0) {
-                   if (clipped[0][0] !== clipped[clipped.length - 1][0] || clipped[0][1] !== clipped[clipped.length - 1][1]) {
-                       clipped.push(clipped[0]);
-                   }
-                   if (clipped.length >= 4) {
-                       outRings.push(clipped);
-                   }
+             var invert = createInverter(function (result, value, key) {
+               if (value != null && typeof value.toString != 'function') {
+                 value = nativeObjectToString.call(value);
                }
-           }
-           return outRings;
-       }
-       });
 
-       var fastJsonStableStringify = function (data, opts) {
-           if (!opts) opts = {};
-           if (typeof opts === 'function') opts = { cmp: opts };
-           var cycles = (typeof opts.cycles === 'boolean') ? opts.cycles : false;
-
-           var cmp = opts.cmp && (function (f) {
-               return function (node) {
-                   return function (a, b) {
-                       var aobj = { key: a, value: node[a] };
-                       var bobj = { key: b, value: node[b] };
-                       return f(aobj, bobj);
-                   };
-               };
-           })(opts.cmp);
+               result[value] = key;
+             }, constant(identity));
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.invert` except that the inverted object is generated
+              * from the results of running each element of `object` thru `iteratee`. The
+              * corresponding inverted value of each inverted key is an array of keys
+              * responsible for generating the inverted value. The iteratee is invoked
+              * with one argument: (value).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.1.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to invert.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new inverted object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 1 };
+              *
+              * _.invertBy(object);
+              * // => { '1': ['a', 'c'], '2': ['b'] }
+              *
+              * _.invertBy(object, function(value) {
+              *   return 'group' + value;
+              * });
+              * // => { 'group1': ['a', 'c'], 'group2': ['b'] }
+              */
 
-           var seen = [];
-           return (function stringify (node) {
-               if (node && node.toJSON && typeof node.toJSON === 'function') {
-                   node = node.toJSON();
+             var invertBy = createInverter(function (result, value, key) {
+               if (value != null && typeof value.toString != 'function') {
+                 value = nativeObjectToString.call(value);
                }
 
-               if (node === undefined) return;
-               if (typeof node == 'number') return isFinite(node) ? '' + node : 'null';
-               if (typeof node !== 'object') return JSON.stringify(node);
-
-               var i, out;
-               if (Array.isArray(node)) {
-                   out = '[';
-                   for (i = 0; i < node.length; i++) {
-                       if (i) out += ',';
-                       out += stringify(node[i]) || 'null';
-                   }
-                   return out + ']';
+               if (hasOwnProperty.call(result, value)) {
+                 result[value].push(key);
+               } else {
+                 result[value] = [key];
                }
+             }, getIteratee);
+             /**
+              * Invokes the method at `path` of `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path of the method to invoke.
+              * @param {...*} [args] The arguments to invoke the method with.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the result of the invoked method.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': [{ 'b': { 'c': [1, 2, 3, 4] } }] };
+              *
+              * _.invoke(object, 'a[0].b.c.slice', 1, 3);
+              * // => [2, 3]
+              */
 
-               if (node === null) return 'null';
+             var invoke = baseRest(baseInvoke);
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of the own enumerable property names of `object`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** Non-object values are coerced to objects. See the
+              * [ES spec](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-object.keys)
+              * for more details.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the array of property names.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Foo() {
+              *   this.a = 1;
+              *   this.b = 2;
+              * }
+              *
+              * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
+              *
+              * _.keys(new Foo);
+              * // => ['a', 'b'] (iteration order is not guaranteed)
+              *
+              * _.keys('hi');
+              * // => ['0', '1']
+              */
 
-               if (seen.indexOf(node) !== -1) {
-                   if (cycles) return JSON.stringify('__cycle__');
-                   throw new TypeError('Converting circular structure to JSON');
-               }
+             function keys(object) {
+               return isArrayLike(object) ? arrayLikeKeys(object) : baseKeys(object);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of the own and inherited enumerable property names of `object`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** Non-object values are coerced to objects.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the array of property names.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Foo() {
+              *   this.a = 1;
+              *   this.b = 2;
+              * }
+              *
+              * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
+              *
+              * _.keysIn(new Foo);
+              * // => ['a', 'b', 'c'] (iteration order is not guaranteed)
+              */
 
-               var seenIndex = seen.push(node) - 1;
-               var keys = Object.keys(node).sort(cmp && cmp(node));
-               out = '';
-               for (i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
-                   var key = keys[i];
-                   var value = stringify(node[key]);
 
-                   if (!value) continue;
-                   if (out) out += ',';
-                   out += JSON.stringify(key) + ':' + value;
-               }
-               seen.splice(seenIndex, 1);
-               return '{' + out + '}';
-           })(data);
-       };
+             function keysIn(object) {
+               return isArrayLike(object) ? arrayLikeKeys(object, true) : baseKeysIn(object);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The opposite of `_.mapValues`; this method creates an object with the
+              * same values as `object` and keys generated by running each own enumerable
+              * string keyed property of `object` thru `iteratee`. The iteratee is invoked
+              * with three arguments: (value, key, object).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.8.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new mapped object.
+              * @see _.mapValues
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.mapKeys({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }, function(value, key) {
+              *   return key + value;
+              * });
+              * // => { 'a1': 1, 'b2': 2 }
+              */
 
-       function DEFAULT_COMPARE (a, b) { return a > b ? 1 : a < b ? -1 : 0; }
 
-       class SplayTree {
+             function mapKeys(object, iteratee) {
+               var result = {};
+               iteratee = getIteratee(iteratee, 3);
+               baseForOwn(object, function (value, key, object) {
+                 baseAssignValue(result, iteratee(value, key, object), value);
+               });
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an object with the same keys as `object` and values generated
+              * by running each own enumerable string keyed property of `object` thru
+              * `iteratee`. The iteratee is invoked with three arguments:
+              * (value, key, object).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.4.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new mapped object.
+              * @see _.mapKeys
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = {
+              *   'fred':    { 'user': 'fred',    'age': 40 },
+              *   'pebbles': { 'user': 'pebbles', 'age': 1 }
+              * };
+              *
+              * _.mapValues(users, function(o) { return o.age; });
+              * // => { 'fred': 40, 'pebbles': 1 } (iteration order is not guaranteed)
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.mapValues(users, 'age');
+              * // => { 'fred': 40, 'pebbles': 1 } (iteration order is not guaranteed)
+              */
 
-         constructor(compare = DEFAULT_COMPARE, noDuplicates = false) {
-           this._compare = compare;
-           this._root = null;
-           this._size = 0;
-           this._noDuplicates = !!noDuplicates;
-         }
 
+             function mapValues(object, iteratee) {
+               var result = {};
+               iteratee = getIteratee(iteratee, 3);
+               baseForOwn(object, function (value, key, object) {
+                 baseAssignValue(result, key, iteratee(value, key, object));
+               });
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.assign` except that it recursively merges own and
+              * inherited enumerable string keyed properties of source objects into the
+              * destination object. Source properties that resolve to `undefined` are
+              * skipped if a destination value exists. Array and plain object properties
+              * are merged recursively. Other objects and value types are overridden by
+              * assignment. Source objects are applied from left to right. Subsequent
+              * sources overwrite property assignments of previous sources.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method mutates `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.5.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The destination object.
+              * @param {...Object} [sources] The source objects.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = {
+              *   'a': [{ 'b': 2 }, { 'd': 4 }]
+              * };
+              *
+              * var other = {
+              *   'a': [{ 'c': 3 }, { 'e': 5 }]
+              * };
+              *
+              * _.merge(object, other);
+              * // => { 'a': [{ 'b': 2, 'c': 3 }, { 'd': 4, 'e': 5 }] }
+              */
 
-         rotateLeft(x) {
-           var y = x.right;
-           if (y) {
-             x.right = y.left;
-             if (y.left) y.left.parent = x;
-             y.parent = x.parent;
-           }
 
-           if (!x.parent)                this._root = y;
-           else if (x === x.parent.left) x.parent.left = y;
-           else                          x.parent.right = y;
-           if (y) y.left = x;
-           x.parent = y;
-         }
+             var merge = createAssigner(function (object, source, srcIndex) {
+               baseMerge(object, source, srcIndex);
+             });
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.merge` except that it accepts `customizer` which
+              * is invoked to produce the merged values of the destination and source
+              * properties. If `customizer` returns `undefined`, merging is handled by the
+              * method instead. The `customizer` is invoked with six arguments:
+              * (objValue, srcValue, key, object, source, stack).
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method mutates `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The destination object.
+              * @param {...Object} sources The source objects.
+              * @param {Function} customizer The function to customize assigned values.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function customizer(objValue, srcValue) {
+              *   if (_.isArray(objValue)) {
+              *     return objValue.concat(srcValue);
+              *   }
+              * }
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': [1], 'b': [2] };
+              * var other = { 'a': [3], 'b': [4] };
+              *
+              * _.mergeWith(object, other, customizer);
+              * // => { 'a': [1, 3], 'b': [2, 4] }
+              */
 
+             var mergeWith = createAssigner(function (object, source, srcIndex, customizer) {
+               baseMerge(object, source, srcIndex, customizer);
+             });
+             /**
+              * The opposite of `_.pick`; this method creates an object composed of the
+              * own and inherited enumerable property paths of `object` that are not omitted.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method is considerably slower than `_.pick`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The source object.
+              * @param {...(string|string[])} [paths] The property paths to omit.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': 1, 'b': '2', 'c': 3 };
+              *
+              * _.omit(object, ['a', 'c']);
+              * // => { 'b': '2' }
+              */
 
-         rotateRight(x) {
-           var y = x.left;
-           if (y) {
-             x.left = y.right;
-             if (y.right) y.right.parent = x;
-             y.parent = x.parent;
-           }
+             var omit = flatRest(function (object, paths) {
+               var result = {};
 
-           if (!x.parent)               this._root = y;
-           else if(x === x.parent.left) x.parent.left = y;
-           else                         x.parent.right = y;
-           if (y) y.right = x;
-           x.parent = y;
-         }
+               if (object == null) {
+                 return result;
+               }
 
+               var isDeep = false;
+               paths = arrayMap(paths, function (path) {
+                 path = castPath(path, object);
+                 isDeep || (isDeep = path.length > 1);
+                 return path;
+               });
+               copyObject(object, getAllKeysIn(object), result);
 
-         _splay(x) {
-           while (x.parent) {
-             var p = x.parent;
-             if (!p.parent) {
-               if (p.left === x) this.rotateRight(p);
-               else              this.rotateLeft(p);
-             } else if (p.left === x && p.parent.left === p) {
-               this.rotateRight(p.parent);
-               this.rotateRight(p);
-             } else if (p.right === x && p.parent.right === p) {
-               this.rotateLeft(p.parent);
-               this.rotateLeft(p);
-             } else if (p.left === x && p.parent.right === p) {
-               this.rotateRight(p);
-               this.rotateLeft(p);
-             } else {
-               this.rotateLeft(p);
-               this.rotateRight(p);
-             }
-           }
-         }
+               if (isDeep) {
+                 result = baseClone(result, CLONE_DEEP_FLAG | CLONE_FLAT_FLAG | CLONE_SYMBOLS_FLAG, customOmitClone);
+               }
 
+               var length = paths.length;
 
-         splay(x) {
-           var p, gp, ggp, l, r;
+               while (length--) {
+                 baseUnset(result, paths[length]);
+               }
 
-           while (x.parent) {
-             p = x.parent;
-             gp = p.parent;
+               return result;
+             });
+             /**
+              * The opposite of `_.pickBy`; this method creates an object composed of
+              * the own and inherited enumerable string keyed properties of `object` that
+              * `predicate` doesn't return truthy for. The predicate is invoked with two
+              * arguments: (value, key).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The source object.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per property.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': 1, 'b': '2', 'c': 3 };
+              *
+              * _.omitBy(object, _.isNumber);
+              * // => { 'b': '2' }
+              */
 
-             if (gp && gp.parent) {
-               ggp = gp.parent;
-               if (ggp.left === gp) ggp.left  = x;
-               else                 ggp.right = x;
-               x.parent = ggp;
-             } else {
-               x.parent = null;
-               this._root = x;
+             function omitBy(object, predicate) {
+               return pickBy(object, negate(getIteratee(predicate)));
              }
+             /**
+              * Creates an object composed of the picked `object` properties.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The source object.
+              * @param {...(string|string[])} [paths] The property paths to pick.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': 1, 'b': '2', 'c': 3 };
+              *
+              * _.pick(object, ['a', 'c']);
+              * // => { 'a': 1, 'c': 3 }
+              */
 
-             l = x.left; r = x.right;
-
-             if (x === p.left) { // left
-               if (gp) {
-                 if (gp.left === p) {
-                   /* zig-zig */
-                   if (p.right) {
-                     gp.left = p.right;
-                     gp.left.parent = gp;
-                   } else gp.left = null;
 
-                   p.right   = gp;
-                   gp.parent = p;
-                 } else {
-                   /* zig-zag */
-                   if (l) {
-                     gp.right = l;
-                     l.parent = gp;
-                   } else gp.right = null;
-
-                   x.left    = gp;
-                   gp.parent = x;
-                 }
-               }
-               if (r) {
-                 p.left = r;
-                 r.parent = p;
-               } else p.left = null;
-
-               x.right  = p;
-               p.parent = x;
-             } else { // right
-               if (gp) {
-                 if (gp.right === p) {
-                   /* zig-zig */
-                   if (p.left) {
-                     gp.right = p.left;
-                     gp.right.parent = gp;
-                   } else gp.right = null;
-
-                   p.left = gp;
-                   gp.parent = p;
-                 } else {
-                   /* zig-zag */
-                   if (r) {
-                     gp.left = r;
-                     r.parent = gp;
-                   } else gp.left = null;
+             var pick = flatRest(function (object, paths) {
+               return object == null ? {} : basePick(object, paths);
+             });
+             /**
+              * Creates an object composed of the `object` properties `predicate` returns
+              * truthy for. The predicate is invoked with two arguments: (value, key).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The source object.
+              * @param {Function} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked per property.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': 1, 'b': '2', 'c': 3 };
+              *
+              * _.pickBy(object, _.isNumber);
+              * // => { 'a': 1, 'c': 3 }
+              */
 
-                   x.right   = gp;
-                   gp.parent = x;
-                 }
+             function pickBy(object, predicate) {
+               if (object == null) {
+                 return {};
                }
-               if (l) {
-                 p.right = l;
-                 l.parent = p;
-               } else p.right = null;
 
-               x.left   = p;
-               p.parent = x;
+               var props = arrayMap(getAllKeysIn(object), function (prop) {
+                 return [prop];
+               });
+               predicate = getIteratee(predicate);
+               return basePickBy(object, props, function (value, path) {
+                 return predicate(value, path[0]);
+               });
              }
-           }
-         }
-
-
-         replace(u, v) {
-           if (!u.parent) this._root = v;
-           else if (u === u.parent.left) u.parent.left = v;
-           else u.parent.right = v;
-           if (v) v.parent = u.parent;
-         }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.get` except that if the resolved value is a
+              * function it's invoked with the `this` binding of its parent object and
+              * its result is returned.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to resolve.
+              * @param {*} [defaultValue] The value returned for `undefined` resolved values.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the resolved value.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': [{ 'b': { 'c1': 3, 'c2': _.constant(4) } }] };
+              *
+              * _.result(object, 'a[0].b.c1');
+              * // => 3
+              *
+              * _.result(object, 'a[0].b.c2');
+              * // => 4
+              *
+              * _.result(object, 'a[0].b.c3', 'default');
+              * // => 'default'
+              *
+              * _.result(object, 'a[0].b.c3', _.constant('default'));
+              * // => 'default'
+              */
 
 
-         minNode(u = this._root) {
-           if (u) while (u.left) u = u.left;
-           return u;
-         }
+             function result(object, path, defaultValue) {
+               path = castPath(path, object);
+               var index = -1,
+                   length = path.length; // Ensure the loop is entered when path is empty.
 
+               if (!length) {
+                 length = 1;
+                 object = undefined$1;
+               }
 
-         maxNode(u = this._root) {
-           if (u) while (u.right) u = u.right;
-           return u;
-         }
+               while (++index < length) {
+                 var value = object == null ? undefined$1 : object[toKey(path[index])];
 
+                 if (value === undefined$1) {
+                   index = length;
+                   value = defaultValue;
+                 }
 
-         insert(key, data) {
-           var z = this._root;
-           var p = null;
-           var comp = this._compare;
-           var cmp;
+                 object = isFunction(value) ? value.call(object) : value;
+               }
 
-           if (this._noDuplicates) {
-             while (z) {
-               p = z;
-               cmp = comp(z.key, key);
-               if (cmp === 0) return;
-               else if (comp(z.key, key) < 0) z = z.right;
-               else z = z.left;
-             }
-           } else {
-             while (z) {
-               p = z;
-               if (comp(z.key, key) < 0) z = z.right;
-               else z = z.left;
+               return object;
              }
-           }
-
-           z = { key, data, left: null, right: null, parent: p };
+             /**
+              * Sets the value at `path` of `object`. If a portion of `path` doesn't exist,
+              * it's created. Arrays are created for missing index properties while objects
+              * are created for all other missing properties. Use `_.setWith` to customize
+              * `path` creation.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method mutates `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.7.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to modify.
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to set.
+              * @param {*} value The value to set.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': [{ 'b': { 'c': 3 } }] };
+              *
+              * _.set(object, 'a[0].b.c', 4);
+              * console.log(object.a[0].b.c);
+              * // => 4
+              *
+              * _.set(object, ['x', '0', 'y', 'z'], 5);
+              * console.log(object.x[0].y.z);
+              * // => 5
+              */
 
-           if (!p)                          this._root = z;
-           else if (comp(p.key, z.key) < 0) p.right = z;
-           else                             p.left  = z;
 
-           this.splay(z);
-           this._size++;
-           return z;
-         }
+             function set(object, path, value) {
+               return object == null ? object : baseSet(object, path, value);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.set` except that it accepts `customizer` which is
+              * invoked to produce the objects of `path`.  If `customizer` returns `undefined`
+              * path creation is handled by the method instead. The `customizer` is invoked
+              * with three arguments: (nsValue, key, nsObject).
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method mutates `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to modify.
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to set.
+              * @param {*} value The value to set.
+              * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize assigned values.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = {};
+              *
+              * _.setWith(object, '[0][1]', 'a', Object);
+              * // => { '0': { '1': 'a' } }
+              */
 
 
-         find (key) {
-           var z    = this._root;
-           var comp = this._compare;
-           while (z) {
-             var cmp = comp(z.key, key);
-             if      (cmp < 0) z = z.right;
-             else if (cmp > 0) z = z.left;
-             else              return z;
-           }
-           return null;
-         }
+             function setWith(object, path, value, customizer) {
+               customizer = typeof customizer == 'function' ? customizer : undefined$1;
+               return object == null ? object : baseSet(object, path, value, customizer);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of own enumerable string keyed-value pairs for `object`
+              * which can be consumed by `_.fromPairs`. If `object` is a map or set, its
+              * entries are returned.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @alias entries
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the key-value pairs.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Foo() {
+              *   this.a = 1;
+              *   this.b = 2;
+              * }
+              *
+              * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
+              *
+              * _.toPairs(new Foo);
+              * // => [['a', 1], ['b', 2]] (iteration order is not guaranteed)
+              */
 
-         /**
-          * Whether the tree contains a node with the given key
-          * @param  {Key} key
-          * @return {boolean} true/false
-          */
-         contains (key) {
-           var node       = this._root;
-           var comparator = this._compare;
-           while (node)  {
-             var cmp = comparator(key, node.key);
-             if      (cmp === 0) return true;
-             else if (cmp < 0)   node = node.left;
-             else                node = node.right;
-           }
 
-           return false;
-         }
+             var toPairs = createToPairs(keys);
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of own and inherited enumerable string keyed-value pairs
+              * for `object` which can be consumed by `_.fromPairs`. If `object` is a map
+              * or set, its entries are returned.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @alias entriesIn
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the key-value pairs.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Foo() {
+              *   this.a = 1;
+              *   this.b = 2;
+              * }
+              *
+              * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
+              *
+              * _.toPairsIn(new Foo);
+              * // => [['a', 1], ['b', 2], ['c', 3]] (iteration order is not guaranteed)
+              */
 
+             var toPairsIn = createToPairs(keysIn);
+             /**
+              * An alternative to `_.reduce`; this method transforms `object` to a new
+              * `accumulator` object which is the result of running each of its own
+              * enumerable string keyed properties thru `iteratee`, with each invocation
+              * potentially mutating the `accumulator` object. If `accumulator` is not
+              * provided, a new object with the same `[[Prototype]]` will be used. The
+              * iteratee is invoked with four arguments: (accumulator, value, key, object).
+              * Iteratee functions may exit iteration early by explicitly returning `false`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 1.3.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @param {*} [accumulator] The custom accumulator value.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the accumulated value.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.transform([2, 3, 4], function(result, n) {
+              *   result.push(n *= n);
+              *   return n % 2 == 0;
+              * }, []);
+              * // => [4, 9]
+              *
+              * _.transform({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 1 }, function(result, value, key) {
+              *   (result[value] || (result[value] = [])).push(key);
+              * }, {});
+              * // => { '1': ['a', 'c'], '2': ['b'] }
+              */
 
-         remove (key) {
-           var z = this.find(key);
+             function transform(object, iteratee, accumulator) {
+               var isArr = isArray(object),
+                   isArrLike = isArr || isBuffer(object) || isTypedArray(object);
+               iteratee = getIteratee(iteratee, 4);
 
-           if (!z) return false;
+               if (accumulator == null) {
+                 var Ctor = object && object.constructor;
 
-           this.splay(z);
+                 if (isArrLike) {
+                   accumulator = isArr ? new Ctor() : [];
+                 } else if (isObject(object)) {
+                   accumulator = isFunction(Ctor) ? baseCreate(getPrototype(object)) : {};
+                 } else {
+                   accumulator = {};
+                 }
+               }
 
-           if (!z.left) this.replace(z, z.right);
-           else if (!z.right) this.replace(z, z.left);
-           else {
-             var y = this.minNode(z.right);
-             if (y.parent !== z) {
-               this.replace(y, y.right);
-               y.right = z.right;
-               y.right.parent = y;
+               (isArrLike ? arrayEach : baseForOwn)(object, function (value, index, object) {
+                 return iteratee(accumulator, value, index, object);
+               });
+               return accumulator;
              }
-             this.replace(z, y);
-             y.left = z.left;
-             y.left.parent = y;
-           }
-
-           this._size--;
-           return true;
-         }
-
-
-         removeNode(z) {
-           if (!z) return false;
+             /**
+              * Removes the property at `path` of `object`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method mutates `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to modify.
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to unset.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the property is deleted, else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': [{ 'b': { 'c': 7 } }] };
+              * _.unset(object, 'a[0].b.c');
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * console.log(object);
+              * // => { 'a': [{ 'b': {} }] };
+              *
+              * _.unset(object, ['a', '0', 'b', 'c']);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * console.log(object);
+              * // => { 'a': [{ 'b': {} }] };
+              */
 
-           this.splay(z);
 
-           if (!z.left) this.replace(z, z.right);
-           else if (!z.right) this.replace(z, z.left);
-           else {
-             var y = this.minNode(z.right);
-             if (y.parent !== z) {
-               this.replace(y, y.right);
-               y.right = z.right;
-               y.right.parent = y;
+             function unset(object, path) {
+               return object == null ? true : baseUnset(object, path);
              }
-             this.replace(z, y);
-             y.left = z.left;
-             y.left.parent = y;
-           }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.set` except that accepts `updater` to produce the
+              * value to set. Use `_.updateWith` to customize `path` creation. The `updater`
+              * is invoked with one argument: (value).
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method mutates `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.6.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to modify.
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to set.
+              * @param {Function} updater The function to produce the updated value.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': [{ 'b': { 'c': 3 } }] };
+              *
+              * _.update(object, 'a[0].b.c', function(n) { return n * n; });
+              * console.log(object.a[0].b.c);
+              * // => 9
+              *
+              * _.update(object, 'x[0].y.z', function(n) { return n ? n + 1 : 0; });
+              * console.log(object.x[0].y.z);
+              * // => 0
+              */
 
-           this._size--;
-           return true;
-         }
 
+             function update(object, path, updater) {
+               return object == null ? object : baseUpdate(object, path, castFunction(updater));
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.update` except that it accepts `customizer` which is
+              * invoked to produce the objects of `path`.  If `customizer` returns `undefined`
+              * path creation is handled by the method instead. The `customizer` is invoked
+              * with three arguments: (nsValue, key, nsObject).
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method mutates `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.6.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to modify.
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to set.
+              * @param {Function} updater The function to produce the updated value.
+              * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize assigned values.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = {};
+              *
+              * _.updateWith(object, '[0][1]', _.constant('a'), Object);
+              * // => { '0': { '1': 'a' } }
+              */
 
-         erase (key) {
-           var z = this.find(key);
-           if (!z) return;
 
-           this.splay(z);
+             function updateWith(object, path, updater, customizer) {
+               customizer = typeof customizer == 'function' ? customizer : undefined$1;
+               return object == null ? object : baseUpdate(object, path, castFunction(updater), customizer);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of the own enumerable string keyed property values of `object`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** Non-object values are coerced to objects.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the array of property values.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Foo() {
+              *   this.a = 1;
+              *   this.b = 2;
+              * }
+              *
+              * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
+              *
+              * _.values(new Foo);
+              * // => [1, 2] (iteration order is not guaranteed)
+              *
+              * _.values('hi');
+              * // => ['h', 'i']
+              */
 
-           var s = z.left;
-           var t = z.right;
 
-           var sMax = null;
-           if (s) {
-             s.parent = null;
-             sMax = this.maxNode(s);
-             this.splay(sMax);
-             this._root = sMax;
-           }
-           if (t) {
-             if (s) sMax.right = t;
-             else   this._root = t;
-             t.parent = sMax;
-           }
+             function values(object) {
+               return object == null ? [] : baseValues(object, keys(object));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of the own and inherited enumerable string keyed property
+              * values of `object`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** Non-object values are coerced to objects.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Object
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the array of property values.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function Foo() {
+              *   this.a = 1;
+              *   this.b = 2;
+              * }
+              *
+              * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
+              *
+              * _.valuesIn(new Foo);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3] (iteration order is not guaranteed)
+              */
 
-           this._size--;
-         }
 
-         /**
-          * Removes and returns the node with smallest key
-          * @return {?Node}
-          */
-         pop () {
-           var node = this._root, returnValue = null;
-           if (node) {
-             while (node.left) node = node.left;
-             returnValue = { key: node.key, data: node.data };
-             this.remove(node.key);
-           }
-           return returnValue;
-         }
+             function valuesIn(object) {
+               return object == null ? [] : baseValues(object, keysIn(object));
+             }
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
+             /**
+              * Clamps `number` within the inclusive `lower` and `upper` bounds.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Number
+              * @param {number} number The number to clamp.
+              * @param {number} [lower] The lower bound.
+              * @param {number} upper The upper bound.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the clamped number.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.clamp(-10, -5, 5);
+              * // => -5
+              *
+              * _.clamp(10, -5, 5);
+              * // => 5
+              */
 
-         /* eslint-disable class-methods-use-this */
 
-         /**
-          * Successor node
-          * @param  {Node} node
-          * @return {?Node}
-          */
-         next (node) {
-           var successor = node;
-           if (successor) {
-             if (successor.right) {
-               successor = successor.right;
-               while (successor && successor.left) successor = successor.left;
-             } else {
-               successor = node.parent;
-               while (successor && successor.right === node) {
-                 node = successor; successor = successor.parent;
+             function clamp(number, lower, upper) {
+               if (upper === undefined$1) {
+                 upper = lower;
+                 lower = undefined$1;
                }
-             }
-           }
-           return successor;
-         }
 
+               if (upper !== undefined$1) {
+                 upper = toNumber(upper);
+                 upper = upper === upper ? upper : 0;
+               }
 
-         /**
-          * Predecessor node
-          * @param  {Node} node
-          * @return {?Node}
-          */
-         prev (node) {
-           var predecessor = node;
-           if (predecessor) {
-             if (predecessor.left) {
-               predecessor = predecessor.left;
-               while (predecessor && predecessor.right) predecessor = predecessor.right;
-             } else {
-               predecessor = node.parent;
-               while (predecessor && predecessor.left === node) {
-                 node = predecessor;
-                 predecessor = predecessor.parent;
+               if (lower !== undefined$1) {
+                 lower = toNumber(lower);
+                 lower = lower === lower ? lower : 0;
                }
+
+               return baseClamp(toNumber(number), lower, upper);
              }
-           }
-           return predecessor;
-         }
-         /* eslint-enable class-methods-use-this */
+             /**
+              * Checks if `n` is between `start` and up to, but not including, `end`. If
+              * `end` is not specified, it's set to `start` with `start` then set to `0`.
+              * If `start` is greater than `end` the params are swapped to support
+              * negative ranges.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.3.0
+              * @category Number
+              * @param {number} number The number to check.
+              * @param {number} [start=0] The start of the range.
+              * @param {number} end The end of the range.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `number` is in the range, else `false`.
+              * @see _.range, _.rangeRight
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.inRange(3, 2, 4);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.inRange(4, 8);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.inRange(4, 2);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.inRange(2, 2);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.inRange(1.2, 2);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.inRange(5.2, 4);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.inRange(-3, -2, -6);
+              * // => true
+              */
 
 
-         /**
-          * @param  {forEachCallback} callback
-          * @return {SplayTree}
-          */
-         forEach(callback) {
-           var current = this._root;
-           var s = [], done = false, i = 0;
+             function inRange(number, start, end) {
+               start = toFinite(start);
 
-           while (!done) {
-             // Reach the left most Node of the current Node
-             if (current) {
-               // Place pointer to a tree node on the stack
-               // before traversing the node's left subtree
-               s.push(current);
-               current = current.left;
-             } else {
-               // BackTrack from the empty subtree and visit the Node
-               // at the top of the stack; however, if the stack is
-               // empty you are done
-               if (s.length > 0) {
-                 current = s.pop();
-                 callback(current, i++);
-
-                 // We have visited the node and its left
-                 // subtree. Now, it's right subtree's turn
-                 current = current.right;
-               } else done = true;
+               if (end === undefined$1) {
+                 end = start;
+                 start = 0;
+               } else {
+                 end = toFinite(end);
+               }
+
+               number = toNumber(number);
+               return baseInRange(number, start, end);
              }
-           }
-           return this;
-         }
+             /**
+              * Produces a random number between the inclusive `lower` and `upper` bounds.
+              * If only one argument is provided a number between `0` and the given number
+              * is returned. If `floating` is `true`, or either `lower` or `upper` are
+              * floats, a floating-point number is returned instead of an integer.
+              *
+              * **Note:** JavaScript follows the IEEE-754 standard for resolving
+              * floating-point values which can produce unexpected results.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.7.0
+              * @category Number
+              * @param {number} [lower=0] The lower bound.
+              * @param {number} [upper=1] The upper bound.
+              * @param {boolean} [floating] Specify returning a floating-point number.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the random number.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.random(0, 5);
+              * // => an integer between 0 and 5
+              *
+              * _.random(5);
+              * // => also an integer between 0 and 5
+              *
+              * _.random(5, true);
+              * // => a floating-point number between 0 and 5
+              *
+              * _.random(1.2, 5.2);
+              * // => a floating-point number between 1.2 and 5.2
+              */
 
 
-         /**
-          * Walk key range from `low` to `high`. Stops if `fn` returns a value.
-          * @param  {Key}      low
-          * @param  {Key}      high
-          * @param  {Function} fn
-          * @param  {*?}       ctx
-          * @return {SplayTree}
-          */
-         range(low, high, fn, ctx) {
-           const Q = [];
-           const compare = this._compare;
-           let node = this._root, cmp;
+             function random(lower, upper, floating) {
+               if (floating && typeof floating != 'boolean' && isIterateeCall(lower, upper, floating)) {
+                 upper = floating = undefined$1;
+               }
 
-           while (Q.length !== 0 || node) {
-             if (node) {
-               Q.push(node);
-               node = node.left;
-             } else {
-               node = Q.pop();
-               cmp = compare(node.key, high);
-               if (cmp > 0) {
-                 break;
-               } else if (compare(node.key, low) >= 0) {
-                 if (fn.call(ctx, node)) return this; // stop if smth is returned
+               if (floating === undefined$1) {
+                 if (typeof upper == 'boolean') {
+                   floating = upper;
+                   upper = undefined$1;
+                 } else if (typeof lower == 'boolean') {
+                   floating = lower;
+                   lower = undefined$1;
+                 }
                }
-               node = node.right;
-             }
-           }
-           return this;
-         }
 
-         /**
-          * Returns all keys in order
-          * @return {Array<Key>}
-          */
-         keys () {
-           var current = this._root;
-           var s = [], r = [], done = false;
+               if (lower === undefined$1 && upper === undefined$1) {
+                 lower = 0;
+                 upper = 1;
+               } else {
+                 lower = toFinite(lower);
 
-           while (!done) {
-             if (current) {
-               s.push(current);
-               current = current.left;
-             } else {
-               if (s.length > 0) {
-                 current = s.pop();
-                 r.push(current.key);
-                 current = current.right;
-               } else done = true;
-             }
-           }
-           return r;
-         }
+                 if (upper === undefined$1) {
+                   upper = lower;
+                   lower = 0;
+                 } else {
+                   upper = toFinite(upper);
+                 }
+               }
 
+               if (lower > upper) {
+                 var temp = lower;
+                 lower = upper;
+                 upper = temp;
+               }
 
-         /**
-          * Returns `data` fields of all nodes in order.
-          * @return {Array<Value>}
-          */
-         values () {
-           var current = this._root;
-           var s = [], r = [], done = false;
+               if (floating || lower % 1 || upper % 1) {
+                 var rand = nativeRandom();
+                 return nativeMin(lower + rand * (upper - lower + freeParseFloat('1e-' + ((rand + '').length - 1))), upper);
+               }
 
-           while (!done) {
-             if (current) {
-               s.push(current);
-               current = current.left;
-             } else {
-               if (s.length > 0) {
-                 current = s.pop();
-                 r.push(current.data);
-                 current = current.right;
-               } else done = true;
+               return baseRandom(lower, upper);
              }
-           }
-           return r;
-         }
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
+             /**
+              * Converts `string` to [camel case](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CamelCase).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to convert.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the camel cased string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.camelCase('Foo Bar');
+              * // => 'fooBar'
+              *
+              * _.camelCase('--foo-bar--');
+              * // => 'fooBar'
+              *
+              * _.camelCase('__FOO_BAR__');
+              * // => 'fooBar'
+              */
 
-         /**
-          * Returns node at given index
-          * @param  {number} index
-          * @return {?Node}
-          */
-         at (index) {
-           // removed after a consideration, more misleading than useful
-           // index = index % this.size;
-           // if (index < 0) index = this.size - index;
 
-           var current = this._root;
-           var s = [], done = false, i = 0;
+             var camelCase = createCompounder(function (result, word, index) {
+               word = word.toLowerCase();
+               return result + (index ? capitalize(word) : word);
+             });
+             /**
+              * Converts the first character of `string` to upper case and the remaining
+              * to lower case.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to capitalize.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the capitalized string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.capitalize('FRED');
+              * // => 'Fred'
+              */
 
-           while (!done) {
-             if (current) {
-               s.push(current);
-               current = current.left;
-             } else {
-               if (s.length > 0) {
-                 current = s.pop();
-                 if (i === index) return current;
-                 i++;
-                 current = current.right;
-               } else done = true;
+             function capitalize(string) {
+               return upperFirst(toString(string).toLowerCase());
              }
-           }
-           return null;
-         }
-
-         /**
-          * Bulk-load items. Both array have to be same size
-          * @param  {Array<Key>}    keys
-          * @param  {Array<Value>}  [values]
-          * @param  {Boolean}       [presort=false] Pre-sort keys and values, using
-          *                                         tree's comparator. Sorting is done
-          *                                         in-place
-          * @return {AVLTree}
-          */
-         load(keys = [], values = [], presort = false) {
-           if (this._size !== 0) throw new Error('bulk-load: tree is not empty');
-           const size = keys.length;
-           if (presort) sort(keys, values, 0, size - 1, this._compare);
-           this._root = loadRecursive(null, keys, values, 0, size);
-           this._size = size;
-           return this;
-         }
-
+             /**
+              * Deburrs `string` by converting
+              * [Latin-1 Supplement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin-1_Supplement_(Unicode_block)#Character_table)
+              * and [Latin Extended-A](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_Extended-A)
+              * letters to basic Latin letters and removing
+              * [combining diacritical marks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combining_Diacritical_Marks).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to deburr.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the deburred string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.deburr('déjà vu');
+              * // => 'deja vu'
+              */
 
-         min() {
-           var node = this.minNode(this._root);
-           if (node) return node.key;
-           else      return null;
-         }
 
+             function deburr(string) {
+               string = toString(string);
+               return string && string.replace(reLatin, deburrLetter).replace(reComboMark, '');
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks if `string` ends with the given target string.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to inspect.
+              * @param {string} [target] The string to search for.
+              * @param {number} [position=string.length] The position to search up to.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `string` ends with `target`,
+              *  else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.endsWith('abc', 'c');
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.endsWith('abc', 'b');
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.endsWith('abc', 'b', 2);
+              * // => true
+              */
 
-         max() {
-           var node = this.maxNode(this._root);
-           if (node) return node.key;
-           else      return null;
-         }
 
-         isEmpty() { return this._root === null; }
-         get size() { return this._size; }
+             function endsWith(string, target, position) {
+               string = toString(string);
+               target = baseToString(target);
+               var length = string.length;
+               position = position === undefined$1 ? length : baseClamp(toInteger(position), 0, length);
+               var end = position;
+               position -= target.length;
+               return position >= 0 && string.slice(position, end) == target;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts the characters "&", "<", ">", '"', and "'" in `string` to their
+              * corresponding HTML entities.
+              *
+              * **Note:** No other characters are escaped. To escape additional
+              * characters use a third-party library like [_he_](https://mths.be/he).
+              *
+              * Though the ">" character is escaped for symmetry, characters like
+              * ">" and "/" don't need escaping in HTML and have no special meaning
+              * unless they're part of a tag or unquoted attribute value. See
+              * [Mathias Bynens's article](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/ambiguous-ampersands)
+              * (under "semi-related fun fact") for more details.
+              *
+              * When working with HTML you should always
+              * [quote attribute values](http://wonko.com/post/html-escaping) to reduce
+              * XSS vectors.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to escape.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the escaped string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.escape('fred, barney, & pebbles');
+              * // => 'fred, barney, &amp; pebbles'
+              */
 
 
-         /**
-          * Create a tree and load it with items
-          * @param  {Array<Key>}          keys
-          * @param  {Array<Value>?}        [values]
-
-          * @param  {Function?}            [comparator]
-          * @param  {Boolean?}             [presort=false] Pre-sort keys and values, using
-          *                                               tree's comparator. Sorting is done
-          *                                               in-place
-          * @param  {Boolean?}             [noDuplicates=false]   Allow duplicates
-          * @return {SplayTree}
-          */
-         static createTree(keys, values, comparator, presort, noDuplicates) {
-           return new SplayTree(comparator, noDuplicates).load(keys, values, presort);
-         }
-       }
+             function escape(string) {
+               string = toString(string);
+               return string && reHasUnescapedHtml.test(string) ? string.replace(reUnescapedHtml, escapeHtmlChar) : string;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Escapes the `RegExp` special characters "^", "$", "\", ".", "*", "+",
+              * "?", "(", ")", "[", "]", "{", "}", and "|" in `string`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to escape.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the escaped string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.escapeRegExp('[lodash](https://lodash.com/)');
+              * // => '\[lodash\]\(https://lodash\.com/\)'
+              */
 
 
-       function loadRecursive (parent, keys, values, start, end) {
-         const size = end - start;
-         if (size > 0) {
-           const middle = start + Math.floor(size / 2);
-           const key    = keys[middle];
-           const data   = values[middle];
-           const node   = { key, data, parent };
-           node.left    = loadRecursive(node, keys, values, start, middle);
-           node.right   = loadRecursive(node, keys, values, middle + 1, end);
-           return node;
-         }
-         return null;
-       }
+             function escapeRegExp(string) {
+               string = toString(string);
+               return string && reHasRegExpChar.test(string) ? string.replace(reRegExpChar, '\\$&') : string;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `string` to
+              * [kebab case](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_case#Special_case_styles).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to convert.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the kebab cased string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.kebabCase('Foo Bar');
+              * // => 'foo-bar'
+              *
+              * _.kebabCase('fooBar');
+              * // => 'foo-bar'
+              *
+              * _.kebabCase('__FOO_BAR__');
+              * // => 'foo-bar'
+              */
 
 
-       function sort(keys, values, left, right, compare) {
-         if (left >= right) return;
+             var kebabCase = createCompounder(function (result, word, index) {
+               return result + (index ? '-' : '') + word.toLowerCase();
+             });
+             /**
+              * Converts `string`, as space separated words, to lower case.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to convert.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the lower cased string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.lowerCase('--Foo-Bar--');
+              * // => 'foo bar'
+              *
+              * _.lowerCase('fooBar');
+              * // => 'foo bar'
+              *
+              * _.lowerCase('__FOO_BAR__');
+              * // => 'foo bar'
+              */
 
-         const pivot = keys[(left + right) >> 1];
-         let i = left - 1;
-         let j = right + 1;
+             var lowerCase = createCompounder(function (result, word, index) {
+               return result + (index ? ' ' : '') + word.toLowerCase();
+             });
+             /**
+              * Converts the first character of `string` to lower case.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to convert.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the converted string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.lowerFirst('Fred');
+              * // => 'fred'
+              *
+              * _.lowerFirst('FRED');
+              * // => 'fRED'
+              */
 
-         while (true) {
-           do i++; while (compare(keys[i], pivot) < 0);
-           do j--; while (compare(keys[j], pivot) > 0);
-           if (i >= j) break;
+             var lowerFirst = createCaseFirst('toLowerCase');
+             /**
+              * Pads `string` on the left and right sides if it's shorter than `length`.
+              * Padding characters are truncated if they can't be evenly divided by `length`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to pad.
+              * @param {number} [length=0] The padding length.
+              * @param {string} [chars=' '] The string used as padding.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the padded string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.pad('abc', 8);
+              * // => '  abc   '
+              *
+              * _.pad('abc', 8, '_-');
+              * // => '_-abc_-_'
+              *
+              * _.pad('abc', 3);
+              * // => 'abc'
+              */
 
-           let tmp = keys[i];
-           keys[i] = keys[j];
-           keys[j] = tmp;
+             function pad(string, length, chars) {
+               string = toString(string);
+               length = toInteger(length);
+               var strLength = length ? stringSize(string) : 0;
 
-           tmp = values[i];
-           values[i] = values[j];
-           values[j] = tmp;
-         }
+               if (!length || strLength >= length) {
+                 return string;
+               }
 
-         sort(keys, values,  left,     j, compare);
-         sort(keys, values, j + 1, right, compare);
-       }
+               var mid = (length - strLength) / 2;
+               return createPadding(nativeFloor(mid), chars) + string + createPadding(nativeCeil(mid), chars);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Pads `string` on the right side if it's shorter than `length`. Padding
+              * characters are truncated if they exceed `length`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to pad.
+              * @param {number} [length=0] The padding length.
+              * @param {string} [chars=' '] The string used as padding.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the padded string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.padEnd('abc', 6);
+              * // => 'abc   '
+              *
+              * _.padEnd('abc', 6, '_-');
+              * // => 'abc_-_'
+              *
+              * _.padEnd('abc', 3);
+              * // => 'abc'
+              */
 
-       const NORMAL               = 0;
-       const NON_CONTRIBUTING     = 1;
-       const SAME_TRANSITION      = 2;
-       const DIFFERENT_TRANSITION = 3;
 
-       const INTERSECTION = 0;
-       const UNION        = 1;
-       const DIFFERENCE   = 2;
-       const XOR          = 3;
+             function padEnd(string, length, chars) {
+               string = toString(string);
+               length = toInteger(length);
+               var strLength = length ? stringSize(string) : 0;
+               return length && strLength < length ? string + createPadding(length - strLength, chars) : string;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Pads `string` on the left side if it's shorter than `length`. Padding
+              * characters are truncated if they exceed `length`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to pad.
+              * @param {number} [length=0] The padding length.
+              * @param {string} [chars=' '] The string used as padding.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the padded string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.padStart('abc', 6);
+              * // => '   abc'
+              *
+              * _.padStart('abc', 6, '_-');
+              * // => '_-_abc'
+              *
+              * _.padStart('abc', 3);
+              * // => 'abc'
+              */
 
-       /**
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} event
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} prev
-        * @param  {Operation} operation
-        */
-       function computeFields (event, prev, operation) {
-         // compute inOut and otherInOut fields
-         if (prev === null) {
-           event.inOut      = false;
-           event.otherInOut = true;
 
-         // previous line segment in sweepline belongs to the same polygon
-         } else {
-           if (event.isSubject === prev.isSubject) {
-             event.inOut      = !prev.inOut;
-             event.otherInOut = prev.otherInOut;
+             function padStart(string, length, chars) {
+               string = toString(string);
+               length = toInteger(length);
+               var strLength = length ? stringSize(string) : 0;
+               return length && strLength < length ? createPadding(length - strLength, chars) + string : string;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `string` to an integer of the specified radix. If `radix` is
+              * `undefined` or `0`, a `radix` of `10` is used unless `value` is a
+              * hexadecimal, in which case a `radix` of `16` is used.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method aligns with the
+              * [ES5 implementation](https://es5.github.io/#x15.1.2.2) of `parseInt`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 1.1.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} string The string to convert.
+              * @param {number} [radix=10] The radix to interpret `value` by.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the converted integer.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.parseInt('08');
+              * // => 8
+              *
+              * _.map(['6', '08', '10'], _.parseInt);
+              * // => [6, 8, 10]
+              */
 
-           // previous line segment in sweepline belongs to the clipping polygon
-           } else {
-             event.inOut      = !prev.otherInOut;
-             event.otherInOut = prev.isVertical() ? !prev.inOut : prev.inOut;
-           }
 
-           // compute prevInResult field
-           if (prev) {
-             event.prevInResult = (!inResult(prev, operation) || prev.isVertical())
-               ? prev.prevInResult : prev;
-           }
-         }
+             function parseInt(string, radix, guard) {
+               if (guard || radix == null) {
+                 radix = 0;
+               } else if (radix) {
+                 radix = +radix;
+               }
 
-         // check if the line segment belongs to the Boolean operation
-         let isInResult = inResult(event, operation);
-         if (isInResult) {
-           event.resultTransition = determineResultTransition(event, operation);
-         } else {
-           event.resultTransition = 0;
-         }
-       }
-
-
-       /* eslint-disable indent */
-       function inResult(event, operation) {
-         switch (event.type) {
-           case NORMAL:
-             switch (operation) {
-               case INTERSECTION:
-                 return !event.otherInOut;
-               case UNION:
-                 return event.otherInOut;
-               case DIFFERENCE:
-                 // return (event.isSubject && !event.otherInOut) ||
-                 //         (!event.isSubject && event.otherInOut);
-                 return (event.isSubject && event.otherInOut) ||
-                         (!event.isSubject && !event.otherInOut);
-               case XOR:
-                 return true;
+               return nativeParseInt(toString(string).replace(reTrimStart, ''), radix || 0);
              }
-             break;
-           case SAME_TRANSITION:
-             return operation === INTERSECTION || operation === UNION;
-           case DIFFERENT_TRANSITION:
-             return operation === DIFFERENCE;
-           case NON_CONTRIBUTING:
-             return false;
-         }
-         return false;
-       }
-       /* eslint-enable indent */
+             /**
+              * Repeats the given string `n` times.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to repeat.
+              * @param {number} [n=1] The number of times to repeat the string.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the repeated string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.repeat('*', 3);
+              * // => '***'
+              *
+              * _.repeat('abc', 2);
+              * // => 'abcabc'
+              *
+              * _.repeat('abc', 0);
+              * // => ''
+              */
 
 
-       function determineResultTransition(event, operation) {
-         let thisIn = !event.inOut;
-         let thatIn = !event.otherInOut;
+             function repeat(string, n, guard) {
+               if (guard ? isIterateeCall(string, n, guard) : n === undefined$1) {
+                 n = 1;
+               } else {
+                 n = toInteger(n);
+               }
 
-         let isIn;
-         switch (operation) {
-           case INTERSECTION:
-             isIn = thisIn && thatIn; break;
-           case UNION:
-             isIn = thisIn || thatIn; break;
-           case XOR:
-             isIn = thisIn ^ thatIn; break;
-           case DIFFERENCE:
-             if (event.isSubject) {
-               isIn = thisIn && !thatIn;
-             } else {
-               isIn = thatIn && !thisIn;
+               return baseRepeat(toString(string), n);
              }
-             break;
-         }
-         return isIn ? +1 : -1;
-       }
-
-       class SweepEvent {
-
+             /**
+              * Replaces matches for `pattern` in `string` with `replacement`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method is based on
+              * [`String#replace`](https://mdn.io/String/replace).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to modify.
+              * @param {RegExp|string} pattern The pattern to replace.
+              * @param {Function|string} replacement The match replacement.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the modified string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.replace('Hi Fred', 'Fred', 'Barney');
+              * // => 'Hi Barney'
+              */
 
-         /**
-          * Sweepline event
-          *
-          * @class {SweepEvent}
-          * @param {Array.<Number>}  point
-          * @param {Boolean}         left
-          * @param {SweepEvent=}     otherEvent
-          * @param {Boolean}         isSubject
-          * @param {Number}          edgeType
-          */
-         constructor (point, left, otherEvent, isSubject, edgeType) {
 
-           /**
-            * Is left endpoint?
-            * @type {Boolean}
-            */
-           this.left = left;
+             function replace() {
+               var args = arguments,
+                   string = toString(args[0]);
+               return args.length < 3 ? string : string.replace(args[1], args[2]);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `string` to
+              * [snake case](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snake_case).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to convert.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the snake cased string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.snakeCase('Foo Bar');
+              * // => 'foo_bar'
+              *
+              * _.snakeCase('fooBar');
+              * // => 'foo_bar'
+              *
+              * _.snakeCase('--FOO-BAR--');
+              * // => 'foo_bar'
+              */
 
-           /**
-            * @type {Array.<Number>}
-            */
-           this.point = point;
 
-           /**
-            * Other edge reference
-            * @type {SweepEvent}
-            */
-           this.otherEvent = otherEvent;
+             var snakeCase = createCompounder(function (result, word, index) {
+               return result + (index ? '_' : '') + word.toLowerCase();
+             });
+             /**
+              * Splits `string` by `separator`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method is based on
+              * [`String#split`](https://mdn.io/String/split).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to split.
+              * @param {RegExp|string} separator The separator pattern to split by.
+              * @param {number} [limit] The length to truncate results to.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the string segments.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.split('a-b-c', '-', 2);
+              * // => ['a', 'b']
+              */
 
-           /**
-            * Belongs to source or clipping polygon
-            * @type {Boolean}
-            */
-           this.isSubject = isSubject;
+             function split(string, separator, limit) {
+               if (limit && typeof limit != 'number' && isIterateeCall(string, separator, limit)) {
+                 separator = limit = undefined$1;
+               }
 
-           /**
-            * Edge contribution type
-            * @type {Number}
-            */
-           this.type = edgeType || NORMAL;
+               limit = limit === undefined$1 ? MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH : limit >>> 0;
 
+               if (!limit) {
+                 return [];
+               }
 
-           /**
-            * In-out transition for the sweepline crossing polygon
-            * @type {Boolean}
-            */
-           this.inOut = false;
+               string = toString(string);
 
+               if (string && (typeof separator == 'string' || separator != null && !isRegExp(separator))) {
+                 separator = baseToString(separator);
 
-           /**
-            * @type {Boolean}
-            */
-           this.otherInOut = false;
+                 if (!separator && hasUnicode(string)) {
+                   return castSlice(stringToArray(string), 0, limit);
+                 }
+               }
 
-           /**
-            * Previous event in result?
-            * @type {SweepEvent}
-            */
-           this.prevInResult = null;
+               return string.split(separator, limit);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `string` to
+              * [start case](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_case#Stylistic_or_specialised_usage).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.1.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to convert.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the start cased string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.startCase('--foo-bar--');
+              * // => 'Foo Bar'
+              *
+              * _.startCase('fooBar');
+              * // => 'Foo Bar'
+              *
+              * _.startCase('__FOO_BAR__');
+              * // => 'FOO BAR'
+              */
 
-           /**
-            * Type of result transition (0 = not in result, +1 = out-in, -1, in-out)
-            * @type {Number}
-            */
-           this.resultTransition = 0;
 
-           // connection step
+             var startCase = createCompounder(function (result, word, index) {
+               return result + (index ? ' ' : '') + upperFirst(word);
+             });
+             /**
+              * Checks if `string` starts with the given target string.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to inspect.
+              * @param {string} [target] The string to search for.
+              * @param {number} [position=0] The position to search from.
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `string` starts with `target`,
+              *  else `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.startsWith('abc', 'a');
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * _.startsWith('abc', 'b');
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * _.startsWith('abc', 'b', 1);
+              * // => true
+              */
 
-           /**
-            * @type {Number}
-            */
-           this.otherPos = -1;
+             function startsWith(string, target, position) {
+               string = toString(string);
+               position = position == null ? 0 : baseClamp(toInteger(position), 0, string.length);
+               target = baseToString(target);
+               return string.slice(position, position + target.length) == target;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a compiled template function that can interpolate data properties
+              * in "interpolate" delimiters, HTML-escape interpolated data properties in
+              * "escape" delimiters, and execute JavaScript in "evaluate" delimiters. Data
+              * properties may be accessed as free variables in the template. If a setting
+              * object is given, it takes precedence over `_.templateSettings` values.
+              *
+              * **Note:** In the development build `_.template` utilizes
+              * [sourceURLs](http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/developertools/sourcemaps/#toc-sourceurl)
+              * for easier debugging.
+              *
+              * For more information on precompiling templates see
+              * [lodash's custom builds documentation](https://lodash.com/custom-builds).
+              *
+              * For more information on Chrome extension sandboxes see
+              * [Chrome's extensions documentation](https://developer.chrome.com/extensions/sandboxingEval).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The template string.
+              * @param {Object} [options={}] The options object.
+              * @param {RegExp} [options.escape=_.templateSettings.escape]
+              *  The HTML "escape" delimiter.
+              * @param {RegExp} [options.evaluate=_.templateSettings.evaluate]
+              *  The "evaluate" delimiter.
+              * @param {Object} [options.imports=_.templateSettings.imports]
+              *  An object to import into the template as free variables.
+              * @param {RegExp} [options.interpolate=_.templateSettings.interpolate]
+              *  The "interpolate" delimiter.
+              * @param {string} [options.sourceURL='lodash.templateSources[n]']
+              *  The sourceURL of the compiled template.
+              * @param {string} [options.variable='obj']
+              *  The data object variable name.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the compiled template function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * // Use the "interpolate" delimiter to create a compiled template.
+              * var compiled = _.template('hello <%= user %>!');
+              * compiled({ 'user': 'fred' });
+              * // => 'hello fred!'
+              *
+              * // Use the HTML "escape" delimiter to escape data property values.
+              * var compiled = _.template('<b><%- value %></b>');
+              * compiled({ 'value': '<script>' });
+              * // => '<b>&lt;script&gt;</b>'
+              *
+              * // Use the "evaluate" delimiter to execute JavaScript and generate HTML.
+              * var compiled = _.template('<% _.forEach(users, function(user) { %><li><%- user %></li><% }); %>');
+              * compiled({ 'users': ['fred', 'barney'] });
+              * // => '<li>fred</li><li>barney</li>'
+              *
+              * // Use the internal `print` function in "evaluate" delimiters.
+              * var compiled = _.template('<% print("hello " + user); %>!');
+              * compiled({ 'user': 'barney' });
+              * // => 'hello barney!'
+              *
+              * // Use the ES template literal delimiter as an "interpolate" delimiter.
+              * // Disable support by replacing the "interpolate" delimiter.
+              * var compiled = _.template('hello ${ user }!');
+              * compiled({ 'user': 'pebbles' });
+              * // => 'hello pebbles!'
+              *
+              * // Use backslashes to treat delimiters as plain text.
+              * var compiled = _.template('<%= "\\<%- value %\\>" %>');
+              * compiled({ 'value': 'ignored' });
+              * // => '<%- value %>'
+              *
+              * // Use the `imports` option to import `jQuery` as `jq`.
+              * var text = '<% jq.each(users, function(user) { %><li><%- user %></li><% }); %>';
+              * var compiled = _.template(text, { 'imports': { 'jq': jQuery } });
+              * compiled({ 'users': ['fred', 'barney'] });
+              * // => '<li>fred</li><li>barney</li>'
+              *
+              * // Use the `sourceURL` option to specify a custom sourceURL for the template.
+              * var compiled = _.template('hello <%= user %>!', { 'sourceURL': '/basic/greeting.jst' });
+              * compiled(data);
+              * // => Find the source of "greeting.jst" under the Sources tab or Resources panel of the web inspector.
+              *
+              * // Use the `variable` option to ensure a with-statement isn't used in the compiled template.
+              * var compiled = _.template('hi <%= data.user %>!', { 'variable': 'data' });
+              * compiled.source;
+              * // => function(data) {
+              * //   var __t, __p = '';
+              * //   __p += 'hi ' + ((__t = ( data.user )) == null ? '' : __t) + '!';
+              * //   return __p;
+              * // }
+              *
+              * // Use custom template delimiters.
+              * _.templateSettings.interpolate = /{{([\s\S]+?)}}/g;
+              * var compiled = _.template('hello {{ user }}!');
+              * compiled({ 'user': 'mustache' });
+              * // => 'hello mustache!'
+              *
+              * // Use the `source` property to inline compiled templates for meaningful
+              * // line numbers in error messages and stack traces.
+              * fs.writeFileSync(path.join(process.cwd(), 'jst.js'), '\
+              *   var JST = {\
+              *     "main": ' + _.template(mainText).source + '\
+              *   };\
+              * ');
+              */
 
-           /**
-            * @type {Number}
-            */
-           this.outputContourId = -1;
 
-           this.isExteriorRing = true;   // TODO: Looks unused, remove?
-         }
+             function template(string, options, guard) {
+               // Based on John Resig's `tmpl` implementation
+               // (http://ejohn.org/blog/javascript-micro-templating/)
+               // and Laura Doktorova's doT.js (https://github.com/olado/doT).
+               var settings = lodash.templateSettings;
 
+               if (guard && isIterateeCall(string, options, guard)) {
+                 options = undefined$1;
+               }
 
-         /**
-          * @param  {Array.<Number>}  p
-          * @return {Boolean}
-          */
-         isBelow (p) {
-           const p0 = this.point, p1 = this.otherEvent.point;
-           return this.left
-             ? (p0[0] - p[0]) * (p1[1] - p[1]) - (p1[0] - p[0]) * (p0[1] - p[1]) > 0
-             // signedArea(this.point, this.otherEvent.point, p) > 0 :
-             : (p1[0] - p[0]) * (p0[1] - p[1]) - (p0[0] - p[0]) * (p1[1] - p[1]) > 0;
-             //signedArea(this.otherEvent.point, this.point, p) > 0;
-         }
+               string = toString(string);
+               options = assignInWith({}, options, settings, customDefaultsAssignIn);
+               var imports = assignInWith({}, options.imports, settings.imports, customDefaultsAssignIn),
+                   importsKeys = keys(imports),
+                   importsValues = baseValues(imports, importsKeys);
+               var isEscaping,
+                   isEvaluating,
+                   index = 0,
+                   interpolate = options.interpolate || reNoMatch,
+                   source = "__p += '"; // Compile the regexp to match each delimiter.
 
+               var reDelimiters = RegExp((options.escape || reNoMatch).source + '|' + interpolate.source + '|' + (interpolate === reInterpolate ? reEsTemplate : reNoMatch).source + '|' + (options.evaluate || reNoMatch).source + '|$', 'g'); // Use a sourceURL for easier debugging.
+               // The sourceURL gets injected into the source that's eval-ed, so be careful
+               // to normalize all kinds of whitespace, so e.g. newlines (and unicode versions of it) can't sneak in
+               // and escape the comment, thus injecting code that gets evaled.
 
-         /**
-          * @param  {Array.<Number>}  p
-          * @return {Boolean}
-          */
-         isAbove (p) {
-           return !this.isBelow(p);
-         }
+               var sourceURL = '//# sourceURL=' + (hasOwnProperty.call(options, 'sourceURL') ? (options.sourceURL + '').replace(/\s/g, ' ') : 'lodash.templateSources[' + ++templateCounter + ']') + '\n';
+               string.replace(reDelimiters, function (match, escapeValue, interpolateValue, esTemplateValue, evaluateValue, offset) {
+                 interpolateValue || (interpolateValue = esTemplateValue); // Escape characters that can't be included in string literals.
 
+                 source += string.slice(index, offset).replace(reUnescapedString, escapeStringChar); // Replace delimiters with snippets.
 
-         /**
-          * @return {Boolean}
-          */
-         isVertical () {
-           return this.point[0] === this.otherEvent.point[0];
-         }
+                 if (escapeValue) {
+                   isEscaping = true;
+                   source += "' +\n__e(" + escapeValue + ") +\n'";
+                 }
 
+                 if (evaluateValue) {
+                   isEvaluating = true;
+                   source += "';\n" + evaluateValue + ";\n__p += '";
+                 }
 
-         /**
-          * Does event belong to result?
-          * @return {Boolean}
-          */
-         get inResult() {
-           return this.resultTransition !== 0;
-         }
+                 if (interpolateValue) {
+                   source += "' +\n((__t = (" + interpolateValue + ")) == null ? '' : __t) +\n'";
+                 }
 
+                 index = offset + match.length; // The JS engine embedded in Adobe products needs `match` returned in
+                 // order to produce the correct `offset` value.
 
-         clone () {
-           const copy = new SweepEvent(
-             this.point, this.left, this.otherEvent, this.isSubject, this.type);
+                 return match;
+               });
+               source += "';\n"; // If `variable` is not specified wrap a with-statement around the generated
+               // code to add the data object to the top of the scope chain.
 
-           copy.contourId        = this.contourId;
-           copy.resultTransition = this.resultTransition;
-           copy.prevInResult     = this.prevInResult;
-           copy.isExteriorRing   = this.isExteriorRing;
-           copy.inOut            = this.inOut;
-           copy.otherInOut       = this.otherInOut;
+               var variable = hasOwnProperty.call(options, 'variable') && options.variable;
 
-           return copy;
-         }
-       }
+               if (!variable) {
+                 source = 'with (obj) {\n' + source + '\n}\n';
+               } // Throw an error if a forbidden character was found in `variable`, to prevent
+               // potential command injection attacks.
+               else if (reForbiddenIdentifierChars.test(variable)) {
+                 throw new Error(INVALID_TEMPL_VAR_ERROR_TEXT);
+               } // Cleanup code by stripping empty strings.
 
-       function equals(p1, p2) {
-         if (p1[0] === p2[0]) {
-           if (p1[1] === p2[1]) {
-             return true;
-           } else {
-             return false;
-           }
-         }
-         return false;
-       }
 
-       // const EPSILON = 1e-9;
-       // const abs = Math.abs;
-       // TODO https://github.com/w8r/martinez/issues/6#issuecomment-262847164
-       // Precision problem.
-       //
-       // module.exports = function equals(p1, p2) {
-       //   return abs(p1[0] - p2[0]) <= EPSILON && abs(p1[1] - p2[1]) <= EPSILON;
-       // };
+               source = (isEvaluating ? source.replace(reEmptyStringLeading, '') : source).replace(reEmptyStringMiddle, '$1').replace(reEmptyStringTrailing, '$1;'); // Frame code as the function body.
 
-       const epsilon$1 = 1.1102230246251565e-16;
-       const splitter = 134217729;
-       const resulterrbound = (3 + 8 * epsilon$1) * epsilon$1;
-
-       // fast_expansion_sum_zeroelim routine from oritinal code
-       function sum$1(elen, e, flen, f, h) {
-           let Q, Qnew, hh, bvirt;
-           let enow = e[0];
-           let fnow = f[0];
-           let eindex = 0;
-           let findex = 0;
-           if ((fnow > enow) === (fnow > -enow)) {
-               Q = enow;
-               enow = e[++eindex];
-           } else {
-               Q = fnow;
-               fnow = f[++findex];
-           }
-           let hindex = 0;
-           if (eindex < elen && findex < flen) {
-               if ((fnow > enow) === (fnow > -enow)) {
-                   Qnew = enow + Q;
-                   hh = Q - (Qnew - enow);
-                   enow = e[++eindex];
-               } else {
-                   Qnew = fnow + Q;
-                   hh = Q - (Qnew - fnow);
-                   fnow = f[++findex];
-               }
-               Q = Qnew;
-               if (hh !== 0) {
-                   h[hindex++] = hh;
-               }
-               while (eindex < elen && findex < flen) {
-                   if ((fnow > enow) === (fnow > -enow)) {
-                       Qnew = Q + enow;
-                       bvirt = Qnew - Q;
-                       hh = Q - (Qnew - bvirt) + (enow - bvirt);
-                       enow = e[++eindex];
-                   } else {
-                       Qnew = Q + fnow;
-                       bvirt = Qnew - Q;
-                       hh = Q - (Qnew - bvirt) + (fnow - bvirt);
-                       fnow = f[++findex];
-                   }
-                   Q = Qnew;
-                   if (hh !== 0) {
-                       h[hindex++] = hh;
-                   }
+               source = 'function(' + (variable || 'obj') + ') {\n' + (variable ? '' : 'obj || (obj = {});\n') + "var __t, __p = ''" + (isEscaping ? ', __e = _.escape' : '') + (isEvaluating ? ', __j = Array.prototype.join;\n' + "function print() { __p += __j.call(arguments, '') }\n" : ';\n') + source + 'return __p\n}';
+               var result = attempt(function () {
+                 return Function(importsKeys, sourceURL + 'return ' + source).apply(undefined$1, importsValues);
+               }); // Provide the compiled function's source by its `toString` method or
+               // the `source` property as a convenience for inlining compiled templates.
+
+               result.source = source;
+
+               if (isError(result)) {
+                 throw result;
                }
-           }
-           while (eindex < elen) {
-               Qnew = Q + enow;
-               bvirt = Qnew - Q;
-               hh = Q - (Qnew - bvirt) + (enow - bvirt);
-               enow = e[++eindex];
-               Q = Qnew;
-               if (hh !== 0) {
-                   h[hindex++] = hh;
-               }
-           }
-           while (findex < flen) {
-               Qnew = Q + fnow;
-               bvirt = Qnew - Q;
-               hh = Q - (Qnew - bvirt) + (fnow - bvirt);
-               fnow = f[++findex];
-               Q = Qnew;
-               if (hh !== 0) {
-                   h[hindex++] = hh;
-               }
-           }
-           if (Q !== 0 || hindex === 0) {
-               h[hindex++] = Q;
-           }
-           return hindex;
-       }
-
-       function estimate(elen, e) {
-           let Q = e[0];
-           for (let i = 1; i < elen; i++) Q += e[i];
-           return Q;
-       }
-
-       function vec(n) {
-           return new Float64Array(n);
-       }
-
-       const ccwerrboundA = (3 + 16 * epsilon$1) * epsilon$1;
-       const ccwerrboundB = (2 + 12 * epsilon$1) * epsilon$1;
-       const ccwerrboundC = (9 + 64 * epsilon$1) * epsilon$1 * epsilon$1;
-
-       const B = vec(4);
-       const C1 = vec(8);
-       const C2 = vec(12);
-       const D = vec(16);
-       const u = vec(4);
-
-       function orient2dadapt(ax, ay, bx, by, cx, cy, detsum) {
-           let acxtail, acytail, bcxtail, bcytail;
-           let bvirt, c, ahi, alo, bhi, blo, _i, _j, _0, s1, s0, t1, t0, u3;
-
-           const acx = ax - cx;
-           const bcx = bx - cx;
-           const acy = ay - cy;
-           const bcy = by - cy;
-
-           s1 = acx * bcy;
-           c = splitter * acx;
-           ahi = c - (c - acx);
-           alo = acx - ahi;
-           c = splitter * bcy;
-           bhi = c - (c - bcy);
-           blo = bcy - bhi;
-           s0 = alo * blo - (s1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
-           t1 = acy * bcx;
-           c = splitter * acy;
-           ahi = c - (c - acy);
-           alo = acy - ahi;
-           c = splitter * bcx;
-           bhi = c - (c - bcx);
-           blo = bcx - bhi;
-           t0 = alo * blo - (t1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
-           _i = s0 - t0;
-           bvirt = s0 - _i;
-           B[0] = s0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t0);
-           _j = s1 + _i;
-           bvirt = _j - s1;
-           _0 = s1 - (_j - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
-           _i = _0 - t1;
-           bvirt = _0 - _i;
-           B[1] = _0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t1);
-           u3 = _j + _i;
-           bvirt = u3 - _j;
-           B[2] = _j - (u3 - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
-           B[3] = u3;
-
-           let det = estimate(4, B);
-           let errbound = ccwerrboundB * detsum;
-           if (det >= errbound || -det >= errbound) {
-               return det;
-           }
-
-           bvirt = ax - acx;
-           acxtail = ax - (acx + bvirt) + (bvirt - cx);
-           bvirt = bx - bcx;
-           bcxtail = bx - (bcx + bvirt) + (bvirt - cx);
-           bvirt = ay - acy;
-           acytail = ay - (acy + bvirt) + (bvirt - cy);
-           bvirt = by - bcy;
-           bcytail = by - (bcy + bvirt) + (bvirt - cy);
-
-           if (acxtail === 0 && acytail === 0 && bcxtail === 0 && bcytail === 0) {
-               return det;
-           }
-
-           errbound = ccwerrboundC * detsum + resulterrbound * Math.abs(det);
-           det += (acx * bcytail + bcy * acxtail) - (acy * bcxtail + bcx * acytail);
-           if (det >= errbound || -det >= errbound) return det;
-
-           s1 = acxtail * bcy;
-           c = splitter * acxtail;
-           ahi = c - (c - acxtail);
-           alo = acxtail - ahi;
-           c = splitter * bcy;
-           bhi = c - (c - bcy);
-           blo = bcy - bhi;
-           s0 = alo * blo - (s1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
-           t1 = acytail * bcx;
-           c = splitter * acytail;
-           ahi = c - (c - acytail);
-           alo = acytail - ahi;
-           c = splitter * bcx;
-           bhi = c - (c - bcx);
-           blo = bcx - bhi;
-           t0 = alo * blo - (t1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
-           _i = s0 - t0;
-           bvirt = s0 - _i;
-           u[0] = s0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t0);
-           _j = s1 + _i;
-           bvirt = _j - s1;
-           _0 = s1 - (_j - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
-           _i = _0 - t1;
-           bvirt = _0 - _i;
-           u[1] = _0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t1);
-           u3 = _j + _i;
-           bvirt = u3 - _j;
-           u[2] = _j - (u3 - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
-           u[3] = u3;
-           const C1len = sum$1(4, B, 4, u, C1);
-
-           s1 = acx * bcytail;
-           c = splitter * acx;
-           ahi = c - (c - acx);
-           alo = acx - ahi;
-           c = splitter * bcytail;
-           bhi = c - (c - bcytail);
-           blo = bcytail - bhi;
-           s0 = alo * blo - (s1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
-           t1 = acy * bcxtail;
-           c = splitter * acy;
-           ahi = c - (c - acy);
-           alo = acy - ahi;
-           c = splitter * bcxtail;
-           bhi = c - (c - bcxtail);
-           blo = bcxtail - bhi;
-           t0 = alo * blo - (t1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
-           _i = s0 - t0;
-           bvirt = s0 - _i;
-           u[0] = s0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t0);
-           _j = s1 + _i;
-           bvirt = _j - s1;
-           _0 = s1 - (_j - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
-           _i = _0 - t1;
-           bvirt = _0 - _i;
-           u[1] = _0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t1);
-           u3 = _j + _i;
-           bvirt = u3 - _j;
-           u[2] = _j - (u3 - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
-           u[3] = u3;
-           const C2len = sum$1(C1len, C1, 4, u, C2);
-
-           s1 = acxtail * bcytail;
-           c = splitter * acxtail;
-           ahi = c - (c - acxtail);
-           alo = acxtail - ahi;
-           c = splitter * bcytail;
-           bhi = c - (c - bcytail);
-           blo = bcytail - bhi;
-           s0 = alo * blo - (s1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
-           t1 = acytail * bcxtail;
-           c = splitter * acytail;
-           ahi = c - (c - acytail);
-           alo = acytail - ahi;
-           c = splitter * bcxtail;
-           bhi = c - (c - bcxtail);
-           blo = bcxtail - bhi;
-           t0 = alo * blo - (t1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
-           _i = s0 - t0;
-           bvirt = s0 - _i;
-           u[0] = s0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t0);
-           _j = s1 + _i;
-           bvirt = _j - s1;
-           _0 = s1 - (_j - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
-           _i = _0 - t1;
-           bvirt = _0 - _i;
-           u[1] = _0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t1);
-           u3 = _j + _i;
-           bvirt = u3 - _j;
-           u[2] = _j - (u3 - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
-           u[3] = u3;
-           const Dlen = sum$1(C2len, C2, 4, u, D);
-
-           return D[Dlen - 1];
-       }
-
-       function orient2d(ax, ay, bx, by, cx, cy) {
-           const detleft = (ay - cy) * (bx - cx);
-           const detright = (ax - cx) * (by - cy);
-           const det = detleft - detright;
-
-           if (detleft === 0 || detright === 0 || (detleft > 0) !== (detright > 0)) return det;
-
-           const detsum = Math.abs(detleft + detright);
-           if (Math.abs(det) >= ccwerrboundA * detsum) return det;
-
-           return -orient2dadapt(ax, ay, bx, by, cx, cy, detsum);
-       }
 
-       /**
-        * Signed area of the triangle (p0, p1, p2)
-        * @param  {Array.<Number>} p0
-        * @param  {Array.<Number>} p1
-        * @param  {Array.<Number>} p2
-        * @return {Number}
-        */
-       function signedArea(p0, p1, p2) {
-         const res = orient2d(p0[0], p0[1], p1[0], p1[1], p2[0], p2[1]);
-         if (res > 0) return -1;
-         if (res < 0) return 1;
-         return 0;
-       }
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `string`, as a whole, to lower case just like
+              * [String#toLowerCase](https://mdn.io/toLowerCase).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to convert.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the lower cased string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.toLower('--Foo-Bar--');
+              * // => '--foo-bar--'
+              *
+              * _.toLower('fooBar');
+              * // => 'foobar'
+              *
+              * _.toLower('__FOO_BAR__');
+              * // => '__foo_bar__'
+              */
 
-       /**
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} e1
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} e2
-        * @return {Number}
-        */
-       function compareEvents(e1, e2) {
-         const p1 = e1.point;
-         const p2 = e2.point;
 
-         // Different x-coordinate
-         if (p1[0] > p2[0]) return 1;
-         if (p1[0] < p2[0]) return -1;
+             function toLower(value) {
+               return toString(value).toLowerCase();
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `string`, as a whole, to upper case just like
+              * [String#toUpperCase](https://mdn.io/toUpperCase).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to convert.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the upper cased string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.toUpper('--foo-bar--');
+              * // => '--FOO-BAR--'
+              *
+              * _.toUpper('fooBar');
+              * // => 'FOOBAR'
+              *
+              * _.toUpper('__foo_bar__');
+              * // => '__FOO_BAR__'
+              */
 
-         // Different points, but same x-coordinate
-         // Event with lower y-coordinate is processed first
-         if (p1[1] !== p2[1]) return p1[1] > p2[1] ? 1 : -1;
 
-         return specialCases(e1, e2, p1);
-       }
+             function toUpper(value) {
+               return toString(value).toUpperCase();
+             }
+             /**
+              * Removes leading and trailing whitespace or specified characters from `string`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to trim.
+              * @param {string} [chars=whitespace] The characters to trim.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the trimmed string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.trim('  abc  ');
+              * // => 'abc'
+              *
+              * _.trim('-_-abc-_-', '_-');
+              * // => 'abc'
+              *
+              * _.map(['  foo  ', '  bar  '], _.trim);
+              * // => ['foo', 'bar']
+              */
 
 
-       /* eslint-disable no-unused-vars */
-       function specialCases(e1, e2, p1, p2) {
-         // Same coordinates, but one is a left endpoint and the other is
-         // a right endpoint. The right endpoint is processed first
-         if (e1.left !== e2.left)
-           return e1.left ? 1 : -1;
+             function trim(string, chars, guard) {
+               string = toString(string);
 
-         // const p2 = e1.otherEvent.point, p3 = e2.otherEvent.point;
-         // const sa = (p1[0] - p3[0]) * (p2[1] - p3[1]) - (p2[0] - p3[0]) * (p1[1] - p3[1])
-         // Same coordinates, both events
-         // are left endpoints or right endpoints.
-         // not collinear
-         if (signedArea(p1, e1.otherEvent.point, e2.otherEvent.point) !== 0) {
-           // the event associate to the bottom segment is processed first
-           return (!e1.isBelow(e2.otherEvent.point)) ? 1 : -1;
-         }
+               if (string && (guard || chars === undefined$1)) {
+                 return baseTrim(string);
+               }
 
-         return (!e1.isSubject && e2.isSubject) ? 1 : -1;
-       }
-       /* eslint-enable no-unused-vars */
+               if (!string || !(chars = baseToString(chars))) {
+                 return string;
+               }
 
-       /**
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} se
-        * @param  {Array.<Number>} p
-        * @param  {Queue} queue
-        * @return {Queue}
-        */
-       function divideSegment(se, p, queue)  {
-         const r = new SweepEvent(p, false, se,            se.isSubject);
-         const l = new SweepEvent(p, true,  se.otherEvent, se.isSubject);
+               var strSymbols = stringToArray(string),
+                   chrSymbols = stringToArray(chars),
+                   start = charsStartIndex(strSymbols, chrSymbols),
+                   end = charsEndIndex(strSymbols, chrSymbols) + 1;
+               return castSlice(strSymbols, start, end).join('');
+             }
+             /**
+              * Removes trailing whitespace or specified characters from `string`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to trim.
+              * @param {string} [chars=whitespace] The characters to trim.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the trimmed string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.trimEnd('  abc  ');
+              * // => '  abc'
+              *
+              * _.trimEnd('-_-abc-_-', '_-');
+              * // => '-_-abc'
+              */
 
-         /* eslint-disable no-console */
-         if (equals(se.point, se.otherEvent.point)) {
-           console.warn('what is that, a collapsed segment?', se);
-         }
-         /* eslint-enable no-console */
 
-         r.contourId = l.contourId = se.contourId;
+             function trimEnd(string, chars, guard) {
+               string = toString(string);
 
-         // avoid a rounding error. The left event would be processed after the right event
-         if (compareEvents(l, se.otherEvent) > 0) {
-           se.otherEvent.left = true;
-           l.left = false;
-         }
+               if (string && (guard || chars === undefined$1)) {
+                 return string.slice(0, trimmedEndIndex(string) + 1);
+               }
 
-         // avoid a rounding error. The left event would be processed after the right event
-         // if (compareEvents(se, r) > 0) {}
+               if (!string || !(chars = baseToString(chars))) {
+                 return string;
+               }
 
-         se.otherEvent.otherEvent = l;
-         se.otherEvent = r;
+               var strSymbols = stringToArray(string),
+                   end = charsEndIndex(strSymbols, stringToArray(chars)) + 1;
+               return castSlice(strSymbols, 0, end).join('');
+             }
+             /**
+              * Removes leading whitespace or specified characters from `string`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to trim.
+              * @param {string} [chars=whitespace] The characters to trim.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the trimmed string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.trimStart('  abc  ');
+              * // => 'abc  '
+              *
+              * _.trimStart('-_-abc-_-', '_-');
+              * // => 'abc-_-'
+              */
 
-         queue.push(l);
-         queue.push(r);
 
-         return queue;
-       }
+             function trimStart(string, chars, guard) {
+               string = toString(string);
 
-       //const EPS = 1e-9;
+               if (string && (guard || chars === undefined$1)) {
+                 return string.replace(reTrimStart, '');
+               }
 
-       /**
-        * Finds the magnitude of the cross product of two vectors (if we pretend
-        * they're in three dimensions)
-        *
-        * @param {Object} a First vector
-        * @param {Object} b Second vector
-        * @private
-        * @returns {Number} The magnitude of the cross product
-        */
-       function crossProduct(a, b) {
-         return (a[0] * b[1]) - (a[1] * b[0]);
-       }
+               if (!string || !(chars = baseToString(chars))) {
+                 return string;
+               }
 
-       /**
-        * Finds the dot product of two vectors.
-        *
-        * @param {Object} a First vector
-        * @param {Object} b Second vector
-        * @private
-        * @returns {Number} The dot product
-        */
-       function dotProduct(a, b) {
-         return (a[0] * b[0]) + (a[1] * b[1]);
-       }
+               var strSymbols = stringToArray(string),
+                   start = charsStartIndex(strSymbols, stringToArray(chars));
+               return castSlice(strSymbols, start).join('');
+             }
+             /**
+              * Truncates `string` if it's longer than the given maximum string length.
+              * The last characters of the truncated string are replaced with the omission
+              * string which defaults to "...".
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to truncate.
+              * @param {Object} [options={}] The options object.
+              * @param {number} [options.length=30] The maximum string length.
+              * @param {string} [options.omission='...'] The string to indicate text is omitted.
+              * @param {RegExp|string} [options.separator] The separator pattern to truncate to.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the truncated string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.truncate('hi-diddly-ho there, neighborino');
+              * // => 'hi-diddly-ho there, neighbo...'
+              *
+              * _.truncate('hi-diddly-ho there, neighborino', {
+              *   'length': 24,
+              *   'separator': ' '
+              * });
+              * // => 'hi-diddly-ho there,...'
+              *
+              * _.truncate('hi-diddly-ho there, neighborino', {
+              *   'length': 24,
+              *   'separator': /,? +/
+              * });
+              * // => 'hi-diddly-ho there...'
+              *
+              * _.truncate('hi-diddly-ho there, neighborino', {
+              *   'omission': ' [...]'
+              * });
+              * // => 'hi-diddly-ho there, neig [...]'
+              */
 
-       /**
-        * Finds the intersection (if any) between two line segments a and b, given the
-        * line segments' end points a1, a2 and b1, b2.
-        *
-        * This algorithm is based on Schneider and Eberly.
-        * http://www.cimec.org.ar/~ncalvo/Schneider_Eberly.pdf
-        * Page 244.
-        *
-        * @param {Array.<Number>} a1 point of first line
-        * @param {Array.<Number>} a2 point of first line
-        * @param {Array.<Number>} b1 point of second line
-        * @param {Array.<Number>} b2 point of second line
-        * @param {Boolean=}       noEndpointTouch whether to skip single touchpoints
-        *                                         (meaning connected segments) as
-        *                                         intersections
-        * @returns {Array.<Array.<Number>>|Null} If the lines intersect, the point of
-        * intersection. If they overlap, the two end points of the overlapping segment.
-        * Otherwise, null.
-        */
-       function intersection (a1, a2, b1, b2, noEndpointTouch) {
-         // The algorithm expects our lines in the form P + sd, where P is a point,
-         // s is on the interval [0, 1], and d is a vector.
-         // We are passed two points. P can be the first point of each pair. The
-         // vector, then, could be thought of as the distance (in x and y components)
-         // from the first point to the second point.
-         // So first, let's make our vectors:
-         const va = [a2[0] - a1[0], a2[1] - a1[1]];
-         const vb = [b2[0] - b1[0], b2[1] - b1[1]];
-         // We also define a function to convert back to regular point form:
-
-         /* eslint-disable arrow-body-style */
-
-         function toPoint(p, s, d) {
-           return [
-             p[0] + s * d[0],
-             p[1] + s * d[1]
-           ];
-         }
 
-         /* eslint-enable arrow-body-style */
-
-         // The rest is pretty much a straight port of the algorithm.
-         const e = [b1[0] - a1[0], b1[1] - a1[1]];
-         let kross    = crossProduct(va, vb);
-         let sqrKross = kross * kross;
-         const sqrLenA  = dotProduct(va, va);
-         //const sqrLenB  = dotProduct(vb, vb);
-
-         // Check for line intersection. This works because of the properties of the
-         // cross product -- specifically, two vectors are parallel if and only if the
-         // cross product is the 0 vector. The full calculation involves relative error
-         // to account for possible very small line segments. See Schneider & Eberly
-         // for details.
-         if (sqrKross > 0/* EPS * sqrLenB * sqLenA */) {
-           // If they're not parallel, then (because these are line segments) they
-           // still might not actually intersect. This code checks that the
-           // intersection point of the lines is actually on both line segments.
-           const s = crossProduct(e, vb) / kross;
-           if (s < 0 || s > 1) {
-             // not on line segment a
-             return null;
-           }
-           const t = crossProduct(e, va) / kross;
-           if (t < 0 || t > 1) {
-             // not on line segment b
-             return null;
-           }
-           if (s === 0 || s === 1) {
-             // on an endpoint of line segment a
-             return noEndpointTouch ? null : [toPoint(a1, s, va)];
-           }
-           if (t === 0 || t === 1) {
-             // on an endpoint of line segment b
-             return noEndpointTouch ? null : [toPoint(b1, t, vb)];
-           }
-           return [toPoint(a1, s, va)];
-         }
+             function truncate(string, options) {
+               var length = DEFAULT_TRUNC_LENGTH,
+                   omission = DEFAULT_TRUNC_OMISSION;
 
-         // If we've reached this point, then the lines are either parallel or the
-         // same, but the segments could overlap partially or fully, or not at all.
-         // So we need to find the overlap, if any. To do that, we can use e, which is
-         // the (vector) difference between the two initial points. If this is parallel
-         // with the line itself, then the two lines are the same line, and there will
-         // be overlap.
-         //const sqrLenE = dotProduct(e, e);
-         kross = crossProduct(e, va);
-         sqrKross = kross * kross;
+               if (isObject(options)) {
+                 var separator = 'separator' in options ? options.separator : separator;
+                 length = 'length' in options ? toInteger(options.length) : length;
+                 omission = 'omission' in options ? baseToString(options.omission) : omission;
+               }
 
-         if (sqrKross > 0 /* EPS * sqLenB * sqLenE */) {
-         // Lines are just parallel, not the same. No overlap.
-           return null;
-         }
+               string = toString(string);
+               var strLength = string.length;
 
-         const sa = dotProduct(va, e) / sqrLenA;
-         const sb = sa + dotProduct(va, vb) / sqrLenA;
-         const smin = Math.min(sa, sb);
-         const smax = Math.max(sa, sb);
+               if (hasUnicode(string)) {
+                 var strSymbols = stringToArray(string);
+                 strLength = strSymbols.length;
+               }
 
-         // this is, essentially, the FindIntersection acting on floats from
-         // Schneider & Eberly, just inlined into this function.
-         if (smin <= 1 && smax >= 0) {
+               if (length >= strLength) {
+                 return string;
+               }
 
-           // overlap on an end point
-           if (smin === 1) {
-             return noEndpointTouch ? null : [toPoint(a1, smin > 0 ? smin : 0, va)];
-           }
+               var end = length - stringSize(omission);
 
-           if (smax === 0) {
-             return noEndpointTouch ? null : [toPoint(a1, smax < 1 ? smax : 1, va)];
-           }
+               if (end < 1) {
+                 return omission;
+               }
 
-           if (noEndpointTouch && smin === 0 && smax === 1) return null;
+               var result = strSymbols ? castSlice(strSymbols, 0, end).join('') : string.slice(0, end);
 
-           // There's overlap on a segment -- two points of intersection. Return both.
-           return [
-             toPoint(a1, smin > 0 ? smin : 0, va),
-             toPoint(a1, smax < 1 ? smax : 1, va)
-           ];
-         }
+               if (separator === undefined$1) {
+                 return result + omission;
+               }
 
-         return null;
-       }
+               if (strSymbols) {
+                 end += result.length - end;
+               }
 
-       /**
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} se1
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} se2
-        * @param  {Queue}      queue
-        * @return {Number}
-        */
-       function possibleIntersection (se1, se2, queue) {
-         // that disallows self-intersecting polygons,
-         // did cost us half a day, so I'll leave it
-         // out of respect
-         // if (se1.isSubject === se2.isSubject) return;
-         const inter = intersection(
-           se1.point, se1.otherEvent.point,
-           se2.point, se2.otherEvent.point
-         );
+               if (isRegExp(separator)) {
+                 if (string.slice(end).search(separator)) {
+                   var match,
+                       substring = result;
 
-         const nintersections = inter ? inter.length : 0;
-         if (nintersections === 0) return 0; // no intersection
+                   if (!separator.global) {
+                     separator = RegExp(separator.source, toString(reFlags.exec(separator)) + 'g');
+                   }
 
-         // the line segments intersect at an endpoint of both line segments
-         if ((nintersections === 1) &&
-             (equals(se1.point, se2.point) ||
-              equals(se1.otherEvent.point, se2.otherEvent.point))) {
-           return 0;
-         }
+                   separator.lastIndex = 0;
 
-         if (nintersections === 2 && se1.isSubject === se2.isSubject) {
-           // if(se1.contourId === se2.contourId){
-           // console.warn('Edges of the same polygon overlap',
-           //   se1.point, se1.otherEvent.point, se2.point, se2.otherEvent.point);
-           // }
-           //throw new Error('Edges of the same polygon overlap');
-           return 0;
-         }
+                   while (match = separator.exec(substring)) {
+                     var newEnd = match.index;
+                   }
 
-         // The line segments associated to se1 and se2 intersect
-         if (nintersections === 1) {
+                   result = result.slice(0, newEnd === undefined$1 ? end : newEnd);
+                 }
+               } else if (string.indexOf(baseToString(separator), end) != end) {
+                 var index = result.lastIndexOf(separator);
 
-           // if the intersection point is not an endpoint of se1
-           if (!equals(se1.point, inter[0]) && !equals(se1.otherEvent.point, inter[0])) {
-             divideSegment(se1, inter[0], queue);
-           }
+                 if (index > -1) {
+                   result = result.slice(0, index);
+                 }
+               }
 
-           // if the intersection point is not an endpoint of se2
-           if (!equals(se2.point, inter[0]) && !equals(se2.otherEvent.point, inter[0])) {
-             divideSegment(se2, inter[0], queue);
-           }
-           return 1;
-         }
+               return result + omission;
+             }
+             /**
+              * The inverse of `_.escape`; this method converts the HTML entities
+              * `&amp;`, `&lt;`, `&gt;`, `&quot;`, and `&#39;` in `string` to
+              * their corresponding characters.
+              *
+              * **Note:** No other HTML entities are unescaped. To unescape additional
+              * HTML entities use a third-party library like [_he_](https://mths.be/he).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 0.6.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to unescape.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the unescaped string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.unescape('fred, barney, &amp; pebbles');
+              * // => 'fred, barney, & pebbles'
+              */
 
-         // The line segments associated to se1 and se2 overlap
-         const events        = [];
-         let leftCoincide  = false;
-         let rightCoincide = false;
 
-         if (equals(se1.point, se2.point)) {
-           leftCoincide = true; // linked
-         } else if (compareEvents(se1, se2) === 1) {
-           events.push(se2, se1);
-         } else {
-           events.push(se1, se2);
-         }
+             function unescape(string) {
+               string = toString(string);
+               return string && reHasEscapedHtml.test(string) ? string.replace(reEscapedHtml, unescapeHtmlChar) : string;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `string`, as space separated words, to upper case.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to convert.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the upper cased string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.upperCase('--foo-bar');
+              * // => 'FOO BAR'
+              *
+              * _.upperCase('fooBar');
+              * // => 'FOO BAR'
+              *
+              * _.upperCase('__foo_bar__');
+              * // => 'FOO BAR'
+              */
 
-         if (equals(se1.otherEvent.point, se2.otherEvent.point)) {
-           rightCoincide = true;
-         } else if (compareEvents(se1.otherEvent, se2.otherEvent) === 1) {
-           events.push(se2.otherEvent, se1.otherEvent);
-         } else {
-           events.push(se1.otherEvent, se2.otherEvent);
-         }
 
-         if ((leftCoincide && rightCoincide) || leftCoincide) {
-           // both line segments are equal or share the left endpoint
-           se2.type = NON_CONTRIBUTING;
-           se1.type = (se2.inOut === se1.inOut)
-             ? SAME_TRANSITION : DIFFERENT_TRANSITION;
+             var upperCase = createCompounder(function (result, word, index) {
+               return result + (index ? ' ' : '') + word.toUpperCase();
+             });
+             /**
+              * Converts the first character of `string` to upper case.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to convert.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the converted string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.upperFirst('fred');
+              * // => 'Fred'
+              *
+              * _.upperFirst('FRED');
+              * // => 'FRED'
+              */
 
-           if (leftCoincide && !rightCoincide) {
-             // honestly no idea, but changing events selection from [2, 1]
-             // to [0, 1] fixes the overlapping self-intersecting polygons issue
-             divideSegment(events[1].otherEvent, events[0].point, queue);
-           }
-           return 2;
-         }
+             var upperFirst = createCaseFirst('toUpperCase');
+             /**
+              * Splits `string` into an array of its words.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category String
+              * @param {string} [string=''] The string to inspect.
+              * @param {RegExp|string} [pattern] The pattern to match words.
+              * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as an iteratee for methods like `_.map`.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the words of `string`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.words('fred, barney, & pebbles');
+              * // => ['fred', 'barney', 'pebbles']
+              *
+              * _.words('fred, barney, & pebbles', /[^, ]+/g);
+              * // => ['fred', 'barney', '&', 'pebbles']
+              */
 
-         // the line segments share the right endpoint
-         if (rightCoincide) {
-           divideSegment(events[0], events[1].point, queue);
-           return 3;
-         }
+             function words(string, pattern, guard) {
+               string = toString(string);
+               pattern = guard ? undefined$1 : pattern;
 
-         // no line segment includes totally the other one
-         if (events[0] !== events[3].otherEvent) {
-           divideSegment(events[0], events[1].point, queue);
-           divideSegment(events[1], events[2].point, queue);
-           return 3;
-         }
+               if (pattern === undefined$1) {
+                 return hasUnicodeWord(string) ? unicodeWords(string) : asciiWords(string);
+               }
 
-         // one line segment includes the other one
-         divideSegment(events[0], events[1].point, queue);
-         divideSegment(events[3].otherEvent, events[2].point, queue);
+               return string.match(pattern) || [];
+             }
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-         return 3;
-       }
+             /**
+              * Attempts to invoke `func`, returning either the result or the caught error
+              * object. Any additional arguments are provided to `func` when it's invoked.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {Function} func The function to attempt.
+              * @param {...*} [args] The arguments to invoke `func` with.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the `func` result or error object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * // Avoid throwing errors for invalid selectors.
+              * var elements = _.attempt(function(selector) {
+              *   return document.querySelectorAll(selector);
+              * }, '>_>');
+              *
+              * if (_.isError(elements)) {
+              *   elements = [];
+              * }
+              */
 
-       /**
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} le1
-        * @param  {SweepEvent} le2
-        * @return {Number}
-        */
-       function compareSegments(le1, le2) {
-         if (le1 === le2) return 0;
 
-         // Segments are not collinear
-         if (signedArea(le1.point, le1.otherEvent.point, le2.point) !== 0 ||
-           signedArea(le1.point, le1.otherEvent.point, le2.otherEvent.point) !== 0) {
+             var attempt = baseRest(function (func, args) {
+               try {
+                 return apply(func, undefined$1, args);
+               } catch (e) {
+                 return isError(e) ? e : new Error(e);
+               }
+             });
+             /**
+              * Binds methods of an object to the object itself, overwriting the existing
+              * method.
+              *
+              * **Note:** This method doesn't set the "length" property of bound functions.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {Object} object The object to bind and assign the bound methods to.
+              * @param {...(string|string[])} methodNames The object method names to bind.
+              * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var view = {
+              *   'label': 'docs',
+              *   'click': function() {
+              *     console.log('clicked ' + this.label);
+              *   }
+              * };
+              *
+              * _.bindAll(view, ['click']);
+              * jQuery(element).on('click', view.click);
+              * // => Logs 'clicked docs' when clicked.
+              */
 
-           // If they share their left endpoint use the right endpoint to sort
-           if (equals(le1.point, le2.point)) return le1.isBelow(le2.otherEvent.point) ? -1 : 1;
+             var bindAll = flatRest(function (object, methodNames) {
+               arrayEach(methodNames, function (key) {
+                 key = toKey(key);
+                 baseAssignValue(object, key, bind(object[key], object));
+               });
+               return object;
+             });
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that iterates over `pairs` and invokes the corresponding
+              * function of the first predicate to return truthy. The predicate-function
+              * pairs are invoked with the `this` binding and arguments of the created
+              * function.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {Array} pairs The predicate-function pairs.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new composite function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var func = _.cond([
+              *   [_.matches({ 'a': 1 }),           _.constant('matches A')],
+              *   [_.conforms({ 'b': _.isNumber }), _.constant('matches B')],
+              *   [_.stubTrue,                      _.constant('no match')]
+              * ]);
+              *
+              * func({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2 });
+              * // => 'matches A'
+              *
+              * func({ 'a': 0, 'b': 1 });
+              * // => 'matches B'
+              *
+              * func({ 'a': '1', 'b': '2' });
+              * // => 'no match'
+              */
 
-           // Different left endpoint: use the left endpoint to sort
-           if (le1.point[0] === le2.point[0]) return le1.point[1] < le2.point[1] ? -1 : 1;
+             function cond(pairs) {
+               var length = pairs == null ? 0 : pairs.length,
+                   toIteratee = getIteratee();
+               pairs = !length ? [] : arrayMap(pairs, function (pair) {
+                 if (typeof pair[1] != 'function') {
+                   throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
+                 }
 
-           // has the line segment associated to e1 been inserted
-           // into S after the line segment associated to e2 ?
-           if (compareEvents(le1, le2) === 1) return le2.isAbove(le1.point) ? -1 : 1;
+                 return [toIteratee(pair[0]), pair[1]];
+               });
+               return baseRest(function (args) {
+                 var index = -1;
 
-           // The line segment associated to e2 has been inserted
-           // into S after the line segment associated to e1
-           return le1.isBelow(le2.point) ? -1 : 1;
-         }
+                 while (++index < length) {
+                   var pair = pairs[index];
 
-         if (le1.isSubject === le2.isSubject) { // same polygon
-           let p1 = le1.point, p2 = le2.point;
-           if (p1[0] === p2[0] && p1[1] === p2[1]/*equals(le1.point, le2.point)*/) {
-             p1 = le1.otherEvent.point; p2 = le2.otherEvent.point;
-             if (p1[0] === p2[0] && p1[1] === p2[1]) return 0;
-             else return le1.contourId > le2.contourId ? 1 : -1;
-           }
-         } else { // Segments are collinear, but belong to separate polygons
-           return le1.isSubject ? -1 : 1;
-         }
+                   if (apply(pair[0], this, args)) {
+                     return apply(pair[1], this, args);
+                   }
+                 }
+               });
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that invokes the predicate properties of `source` with
+              * the corresponding property values of a given object, returning `true` if
+              * all predicates return truthy, else `false`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** The created function is equivalent to `_.conformsTo` with
+              * `source` partially applied.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {Object} source The object of property predicates to conform to.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new spec function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [
+              *   { 'a': 2, 'b': 1 },
+              *   { 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.filter(objects, _.conforms({ 'b': function(n) { return n > 1; } }));
+              * // => [{ 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }]
+              */
 
-         return compareEvents(le1, le2) === 1 ? 1 : -1;
-       }
 
-       function subdivide(eventQueue, subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation) {
-         const sweepLine = new SplayTree(compareSegments);
-         const sortedEvents = [];
+             function conforms(source) {
+               return baseConforms(baseClone(source, CLONE_DEEP_FLAG));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that returns `value`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.4.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {*} value The value to return from the new function.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new constant function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = _.times(2, _.constant({ 'a': 1 }));
+              *
+              * console.log(objects);
+              * // => [{ 'a': 1 }, { 'a': 1 }]
+              *
+              * console.log(objects[0] === objects[1]);
+              * // => true
+              */
 
-         const rightbound = Math.min(sbbox[2], cbbox[2]);
 
-         let prev, next, begin;
+             function constant(value) {
+               return function () {
+                 return value;
+               };
+             }
+             /**
+              * Checks `value` to determine whether a default value should be returned in
+              * its place. The `defaultValue` is returned if `value` is `NaN`, `null`,
+              * or `undefined`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.14.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {*} value The value to check.
+              * @param {*} defaultValue The default value.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the resolved value.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.defaultTo(1, 10);
+              * // => 1
+              *
+              * _.defaultTo(undefined, 10);
+              * // => 10
+              */
 
-         while (eventQueue.length !== 0) {
-           let event = eventQueue.pop();
-           sortedEvents.push(event);
 
-           // optimization by bboxes for intersection and difference goes here
-           if ((operation === INTERSECTION && event.point[0] > rightbound) ||
-               (operation === DIFFERENCE   && event.point[0] > sbbox[2])) {
-             break;
-           }
+             function defaultTo(value, defaultValue) {
+               return value == null || value !== value ? defaultValue : value;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that returns the result of invoking the given functions
+              * with the `this` binding of the created function, where each successive
+              * invocation is supplied the return value of the previous.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {...(Function|Function[])} [funcs] The functions to invoke.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new composite function.
+              * @see _.flowRight
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function square(n) {
+              *   return n * n;
+              * }
+              *
+              * var addSquare = _.flow([_.add, square]);
+              * addSquare(1, 2);
+              * // => 9
+              */
 
-           if (event.left) {
-             next  = prev = sweepLine.insert(event);
-             begin = sweepLine.minNode();
 
-             if (prev !== begin) prev = sweepLine.prev(prev);
-             else                prev = null;
+             var flow = createFlow();
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.flow` except that it creates a function that
+              * invokes the given functions from right to left.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {...(Function|Function[])} [funcs] The functions to invoke.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new composite function.
+              * @see _.flow
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function square(n) {
+              *   return n * n;
+              * }
+              *
+              * var addSquare = _.flowRight([square, _.add]);
+              * addSquare(1, 2);
+              * // => 9
+              */
 
-             next = sweepLine.next(next);
+             var flowRight = createFlow(true);
+             /**
+              * This method returns the first argument it receives.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {*} value Any value.
+              * @returns {*} Returns `value`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var object = { 'a': 1 };
+              *
+              * console.log(_.identity(object) === object);
+              * // => true
+              */
 
-             const prevEvent = prev ? prev.key : null;
-             let prevprevEvent;
-             computeFields(event, prevEvent, operation);
-             if (next) {
-               if (possibleIntersection(event, next.key, eventQueue) === 2) {
-                 computeFields(event, prevEvent, operation);
-                 computeFields(event, next.key, operation);
-               }
+             function identity(value) {
+               return value;
              }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that invokes `func` with the arguments of the created
+              * function. If `func` is a property name, the created function returns the
+              * property value for a given element. If `func` is an array or object, the
+              * created function returns `true` for elements that contain the equivalent
+              * source properties, otherwise it returns `false`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {*} [func=_.identity] The value to convert to a callback.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the callback.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var users = [
+              *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'active': true },
+              *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40, 'active': false }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * // The `_.matches` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.filter(users, _.iteratee({ 'user': 'barney', 'active': true }));
+              * // => [{ 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'active': true }]
+              *
+              * // The `_.matchesProperty` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.filter(users, _.iteratee(['user', 'fred']));
+              * // => [{ 'user': 'fred', 'age': 40 }]
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.map(users, _.iteratee('user'));
+              * // => ['barney', 'fred']
+              *
+              * // Create custom iteratee shorthands.
+              * _.iteratee = _.wrap(_.iteratee, function(iteratee, func) {
+              *   return !_.isRegExp(func) ? iteratee(func) : function(string) {
+              *     return func.test(string);
+              *   };
+              * });
+              *
+              * _.filter(['abc', 'def'], /ef/);
+              * // => ['def']
+              */
 
-             if (prev) {
-               if (possibleIntersection(prev.key, event, eventQueue) === 2) {
-                 let prevprev = prev;
-                 if (prevprev !== begin) prevprev = sweepLine.prev(prevprev);
-                 else                    prevprev = null;
 
-                 prevprevEvent = prevprev ? prevprev.key : null;
-                 computeFields(prevEvent, prevprevEvent, operation);
-                 computeFields(event,     prevEvent,     operation);
-               }
+             function iteratee(func) {
+               return baseIteratee(typeof func == 'function' ? func : baseClone(func, CLONE_DEEP_FLAG));
              }
-           } else {
-             event = event.otherEvent;
-             next = prev = sweepLine.find(event);
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that performs a partial deep comparison between a given
+              * object and `source`, returning `true` if the given object has equivalent
+              * property values, else `false`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** The created function is equivalent to `_.isMatch` with `source`
+              * partially applied.
+              *
+              * Partial comparisons will match empty array and empty object `source`
+              * values against any array or object value, respectively. See `_.isEqual`
+              * for a list of supported value comparisons.
+              *
+              * **Note:** Multiple values can be checked by combining several matchers
+              * using `_.overSome`
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {Object} source The object of property values to match.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new spec function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [
+              *   { 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3 },
+              *   { 'a': 4, 'b': 5, 'c': 6 }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.filter(objects, _.matches({ 'a': 4, 'c': 6 }));
+              * // => [{ 'a': 4, 'b': 5, 'c': 6 }]
+              *
+              * // Checking for several possible values
+              * _.filter(objects, _.overSome([_.matches({ 'a': 1 }), _.matches({ 'a': 4 })]));
+              * // => [{ 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3 }, { 'a': 4, 'b': 5, 'c': 6 }]
+              */
 
-             if (prev && next) {
 
-               if (prev !== begin) prev = sweepLine.prev(prev);
-               else                prev = null;
+             function matches(source) {
+               return baseMatches(baseClone(source, CLONE_DEEP_FLAG));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that performs a partial deep comparison between the
+              * value at `path` of a given object to `srcValue`, returning `true` if the
+              * object value is equivalent, else `false`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** Partial comparisons will match empty array and empty object
+              * `srcValue` values against any array or object value, respectively. See
+              * `_.isEqual` for a list of supported value comparisons.
+              *
+              * **Note:** Multiple values can be checked by combining several matchers
+              * using `_.overSome`
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.2.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to get.
+              * @param {*} srcValue The value to match.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new spec function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [
+              *   { 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3 },
+              *   { 'a': 4, 'b': 5, 'c': 6 }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.find(objects, _.matchesProperty('a', 4));
+              * // => { 'a': 4, 'b': 5, 'c': 6 }
+              *
+              * // Checking for several possible values
+              * _.filter(objects, _.overSome([_.matchesProperty('a', 1), _.matchesProperty('a', 4)]));
+              * // => [{ 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3 }, { 'a': 4, 'b': 5, 'c': 6 }]
+              */
 
-               next = sweepLine.next(next);
-               sweepLine.remove(event);
 
-               if (next && prev) {
-                 possibleIntersection(prev.key, next.key, eventQueue);
-               }
+             function matchesProperty(path, srcValue) {
+               return baseMatchesProperty(path, baseClone(srcValue, CLONE_DEEP_FLAG));
              }
-           }
-         }
-         return sortedEvents;
-       }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that invokes the method at `path` of a given object.
+              * Any additional arguments are provided to the invoked method.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.7.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path of the method to invoke.
+              * @param {...*} [args] The arguments to invoke the method with.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new invoker function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [
+              *   { 'a': { 'b': _.constant(2) } },
+              *   { 'a': { 'b': _.constant(1) } }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.map(objects, _.method('a.b'));
+              * // => [2, 1]
+              *
+              * _.map(objects, _.method(['a', 'b']));
+              * // => [2, 1]
+              */
 
-       class Contour {
 
-         /**
-          * Contour
-          *
-          * @class {Contour}
-          */
-         constructor() {
-           this.points = [];
-           this.holeIds = [];
-           this.holeOf = null;
-           this.depth = null;
-         }
+             var method = baseRest(function (path, args) {
+               return function (object) {
+                 return baseInvoke(object, path, args);
+               };
+             });
+             /**
+              * The opposite of `_.method`; this method creates a function that invokes
+              * the method at a given path of `object`. Any additional arguments are
+              * provided to the invoked method.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.7.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @param {...*} [args] The arguments to invoke the method with.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new invoker function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = _.times(3, _.constant),
+              *     object = { 'a': array, 'b': array, 'c': array };
+              *
+              * _.map(['a[2]', 'c[0]'], _.methodOf(object));
+              * // => [2, 0]
+              *
+              * _.map([['a', '2'], ['c', '0']], _.methodOf(object));
+              * // => [2, 0]
+              */
 
-         isExterior() {
-           return this.holeOf == null;
-         }
+             var methodOf = baseRest(function (object, args) {
+               return function (path) {
+                 return baseInvoke(object, path, args);
+               };
+             });
+             /**
+              * Adds all own enumerable string keyed function properties of a source
+              * object to the destination object. If `object` is a function, then methods
+              * are added to its prototype as well.
+              *
+              * **Note:** Use `_.runInContext` to create a pristine `lodash` function to
+              * avoid conflicts caused by modifying the original.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {Function|Object} [object=lodash] The destination object.
+              * @param {Object} source The object of functions to add.
+              * @param {Object} [options={}] The options object.
+              * @param {boolean} [options.chain=true] Specify whether mixins are chainable.
+              * @returns {Function|Object} Returns `object`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * function vowels(string) {
+              *   return _.filter(string, function(v) {
+              *     return /[aeiou]/i.test(v);
+              *   });
+              * }
+              *
+              * _.mixin({ 'vowels': vowels });
+              * _.vowels('fred');
+              * // => ['e']
+              *
+              * _('fred').vowels().value();
+              * // => ['e']
+              *
+              * _.mixin({ 'vowels': vowels }, { 'chain': false });
+              * _('fred').vowels();
+              * // => ['e']
+              */
 
-       }
+             function mixin(object, source, options) {
+               var props = keys(source),
+                   methodNames = baseFunctions(source, props);
+
+               if (options == null && !(isObject(source) && (methodNames.length || !props.length))) {
+                 options = source;
+                 source = object;
+                 object = this;
+                 methodNames = baseFunctions(source, keys(source));
+               }
+
+               var chain = !(isObject(options) && 'chain' in options) || !!options.chain,
+                   isFunc = isFunction(object);
+               arrayEach(methodNames, function (methodName) {
+                 var func = source[methodName];
+                 object[methodName] = func;
+
+                 if (isFunc) {
+                   object.prototype[methodName] = function () {
+                     var chainAll = this.__chain__;
+
+                     if (chain || chainAll) {
+                       var result = object(this.__wrapped__),
+                           actions = result.__actions__ = copyArray(this.__actions__);
+                       actions.push({
+                         'func': func,
+                         'args': arguments,
+                         'thisArg': object
+                       });
+                       result.__chain__ = chainAll;
+                       return result;
+                     }
 
-       /**
-        * @param  {Array.<SweepEvent>} sortedEvents
-        * @return {Array.<SweepEvent>}
-        */
-       function orderEvents(sortedEvents) {
-         let event, i, len, tmp;
-         const resultEvents = [];
-         for (i = 0, len = sortedEvents.length; i < len; i++) {
-           event = sortedEvents[i];
-           if ((event.left && event.inResult) ||
-             (!event.left && event.otherEvent.inResult)) {
-             resultEvents.push(event);
-           }
-         }
-         // Due to overlapping edges the resultEvents array can be not wholly sorted
-         let sorted = false;
-         while (!sorted) {
-           sorted = true;
-           for (i = 0, len = resultEvents.length; i < len; i++) {
-             if ((i + 1) < len &&
-               compareEvents(resultEvents[i], resultEvents[i + 1]) === 1) {
-               tmp = resultEvents[i];
-               resultEvents[i] = resultEvents[i + 1];
-               resultEvents[i + 1] = tmp;
-               sorted = false;
+                     return func.apply(object, arrayPush([this.value()], arguments));
+                   };
+                 }
+               });
+               return object;
              }
-           }
-         }
+             /**
+              * Reverts the `_` variable to its previous value and returns a reference to
+              * the `lodash` function.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Util
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the `lodash` function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var lodash = _.noConflict();
+              */
 
 
-         for (i = 0, len = resultEvents.length; i < len; i++) {
-           event = resultEvents[i];
-           event.otherPos = i;
-         }
+             function noConflict() {
+               if (root._ === this) {
+                 root._ = oldDash;
+               }
 
-         // imagine, the right event is found in the beginning of the queue,
-         // when his left counterpart is not marked yet
-         for (i = 0, len = resultEvents.length; i < len; i++) {
-           event = resultEvents[i];
-           if (!event.left) {
-             tmp = event.otherPos;
-             event.otherPos = event.otherEvent.otherPos;
-             event.otherEvent.otherPos = tmp;
-           }
-         }
+               return this;
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method returns `undefined`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.3.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.times(2, _.noop);
+              * // => [undefined, undefined]
+              */
 
-         return resultEvents;
-       }
+
+             function noop() {// No operation performed.
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that gets the argument at index `n`. If `n` is negative,
+              * the nth argument from the end is returned.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {number} [n=0] The index of the argument to return.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new pass-thru function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var func = _.nthArg(1);
+              * func('a', 'b', 'c', 'd');
+              * // => 'b'
+              *
+              * var func = _.nthArg(-2);
+              * func('a', 'b', 'c', 'd');
+              * // => 'c'
+              */
 
 
-       /**
-        * @param  {Number} pos
-        * @param  {Array.<SweepEvent>} resultEvents
-        * @param  {Object>}    processed
-        * @return {Number}
-        */
-       function nextPos(pos, resultEvents, processed, origPos) {
-         let newPos = pos + 1,
-             p = resultEvents[pos].point,
-             p1;
-         const length = resultEvents.length;
-
-         if (newPos < length)
-           p1 = resultEvents[newPos].point;
-
-         while (newPos < length && p1[0] === p[0] && p1[1] === p[1]) {
-           if (!processed[newPos]) {
-             return newPos;
-           } else   {
-             newPos++;
-           }
-           p1 = resultEvents[newPos].point;
-         }
-
-         newPos = pos - 1;
-
-         while (processed[newPos] && newPos > origPos) {
-           newPos--;
-         }
-
-         return newPos;
-       }
-
-
-       function initializeContourFromContext(event, contours, contourId) {
-         const contour = new Contour();
-         if (event.prevInResult != null) {
-           const prevInResult = event.prevInResult;
-           // Note that it is valid to query the "previous in result" for its output contour id,
-           // because we must have already processed it (i.e., assigned an output contour id)
-           // in an earlier iteration, otherwise it wouldn't be possible that it is "previous in
-           // result".
-           const lowerContourId = prevInResult.outputContourId;
-           const lowerResultTransition = prevInResult.resultTransition;
-           if (lowerResultTransition > 0) {
-             // We are inside. Now we have to check if the thing below us is another hole or
-             // an exterior contour.
-             const lowerContour = contours[lowerContourId];
-             if (lowerContour.holeOf != null) {
-               // The lower contour is a hole => Connect the new contour as a hole to its parent,
-               // and use same depth.
-               const parentContourId = lowerContour.holeOf;
-               contours[parentContourId].holeIds.push(contourId);
-               contour.holeOf = parentContourId;
-               contour.depth = contours[lowerContourId].depth;
-             } else {
-               // The lower contour is an exterior contour => Connect the new contour as a hole,
-               // and increment depth.
-               contours[lowerContourId].holeIds.push(contourId);
-               contour.holeOf = lowerContourId;
-               contour.depth = contours[lowerContourId].depth + 1;
+             function nthArg(n) {
+               n = toInteger(n);
+               return baseRest(function (args) {
+                 return baseNth(args, n);
+               });
              }
-           } else {
-             // We are outside => this contour is an exterior contour of same depth.
-             contour.holeOf = null;
-             contour.depth = contours[lowerContourId].depth;
-           }
-         } else {
-           // There is no lower/previous contour => this contour is an exterior contour of depth 0.
-           contour.holeOf = null;
-           contour.depth = 0;
-         }
-         return contour;
-       }
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that invokes `iteratees` with the arguments it receives
+              * and returns their results.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {...(Function|Function[])} [iteratees=[_.identity]]
+              *  The iteratees to invoke.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var func = _.over([Math.max, Math.min]);
+              *
+              * func(1, 2, 3, 4);
+              * // => [4, 1]
+              */
 
-       /**
-        * @param  {Array.<SweepEvent>} sortedEvents
-        * @return {Array.<*>} polygons
-        */
-       function connectEdges(sortedEvents) {
-         let i, len;
-         const resultEvents = orderEvents(sortedEvents);
 
-         // "false"-filled array
-         const processed = {};
-         const contours = [];
+             var over = createOver(arrayMap);
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that checks if **all** of the `predicates` return
+              * truthy when invoked with the arguments it receives.
+              *
+              * Following shorthands are possible for providing predicates.
+              * Pass an `Object` and it will be used as an parameter for `_.matches` to create the predicate.
+              * Pass an `Array` of parameters for `_.matchesProperty` and the predicate will be created using them.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {...(Function|Function[])} [predicates=[_.identity]]
+              *  The predicates to check.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var func = _.overEvery([Boolean, isFinite]);
+              *
+              * func('1');
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * func(null);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * func(NaN);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-         for (i = 0, len = resultEvents.length; i < len; i++) {
+             var overEvery = createOver(arrayEvery);
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that checks if **any** of the `predicates` return
+              * truthy when invoked with the arguments it receives.
+              *
+              * Following shorthands are possible for providing predicates.
+              * Pass an `Object` and it will be used as an parameter for `_.matches` to create the predicate.
+              * Pass an `Array` of parameters for `_.matchesProperty` and the predicate will be created using them.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {...(Function|Function[])} [predicates=[_.identity]]
+              *  The predicates to check.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var func = _.overSome([Boolean, isFinite]);
+              *
+              * func('1');
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * func(null);
+              * // => true
+              *
+              * func(NaN);
+              * // => false
+              *
+              * var matchesFunc = _.overSome([{ 'a': 1 }, { 'a': 2 }])
+              * var matchesPropertyFunc = _.overSome([['a', 1], ['a', 2]])
+              */
 
-           if (processed[i]) {
-             continue;
-           }
+             var overSome = createOver(arraySome);
+             /**
+              * Creates a function that returns the value at `path` of a given object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 2.4.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to get.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new accessor function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [
+              *   { 'a': { 'b': 2 } },
+              *   { 'a': { 'b': 1 } }
+              * ];
+              *
+              * _.map(objects, _.property('a.b'));
+              * // => [2, 1]
+              *
+              * _.map(_.sortBy(objects, _.property(['a', 'b'])), 'a.b');
+              * // => [1, 2]
+              */
+
+             function property(path) {
+               return isKey(path) ? baseProperty(toKey(path)) : basePropertyDeep(path);
+             }
+             /**
+              * The opposite of `_.property`; this method creates a function that returns
+              * the value at a given path of `object`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.0.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {Object} object The object to query.
+              * @returns {Function} Returns the new accessor function.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var array = [0, 1, 2],
+              *     object = { 'a': array, 'b': array, 'c': array };
+              *
+              * _.map(['a[2]', 'c[0]'], _.propertyOf(object));
+              * // => [2, 0]
+              *
+              * _.map([['a', '2'], ['c', '0']], _.propertyOf(object));
+              * // => [2, 0]
+              */
 
-           const contourId = contours.length;
-           const contour = initializeContourFromContext(resultEvents[i], contours, contourId);
 
-           // Helper function that combines marking an event as processed with assigning its output contour ID
-           const markAsProcessed = (pos) => {
-             processed[pos] = true;
-             resultEvents[pos].outputContourId = contourId;
-           };
+             function propertyOf(object) {
+               return function (path) {
+                 return object == null ? undefined$1 : baseGet(object, path);
+               };
+             }
+             /**
+              * Creates an array of numbers (positive and/or negative) progressing from
+              * `start` up to, but not including, `end`. A step of `-1` is used if a negative
+              * `start` is specified without an `end` or `step`. If `end` is not specified,
+              * it's set to `start` with `start` then set to `0`.
+              *
+              * **Note:** JavaScript follows the IEEE-754 standard for resolving
+              * floating-point values which can produce unexpected results.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {number} [start=0] The start of the range.
+              * @param {number} end The end of the range.
+              * @param {number} [step=1] The value to increment or decrement by.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the range of numbers.
+              * @see _.inRange, _.rangeRight
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.range(4);
+              * // => [0, 1, 2, 3]
+              *
+              * _.range(-4);
+              * // => [0, -1, -2, -3]
+              *
+              * _.range(1, 5);
+              * // => [1, 2, 3, 4]
+              *
+              * _.range(0, 20, 5);
+              * // => [0, 5, 10, 15]
+              *
+              * _.range(0, -4, -1);
+              * // => [0, -1, -2, -3]
+              *
+              * _.range(1, 4, 0);
+              * // => [1, 1, 1]
+              *
+              * _.range(0);
+              * // => []
+              */
 
-           let pos = i;
-           let origPos = i;
 
-           const initial = resultEvents[i].point;
-           contour.points.push(initial);
+             var range = createRange();
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.range` except that it populates values in
+              * descending order.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {number} [start=0] The start of the range.
+              * @param {number} end The end of the range.
+              * @param {number} [step=1] The value to increment or decrement by.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the range of numbers.
+              * @see _.inRange, _.range
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.rangeRight(4);
+              * // => [3, 2, 1, 0]
+              *
+              * _.rangeRight(-4);
+              * // => [-3, -2, -1, 0]
+              *
+              * _.rangeRight(1, 5);
+              * // => [4, 3, 2, 1]
+              *
+              * _.rangeRight(0, 20, 5);
+              * // => [15, 10, 5, 0]
+              *
+              * _.rangeRight(0, -4, -1);
+              * // => [-3, -2, -1, 0]
+              *
+              * _.rangeRight(1, 4, 0);
+              * // => [1, 1, 1]
+              *
+              * _.rangeRight(0);
+              * // => []
+              */
 
-           /* eslint no-constant-condition: "off" */
-           while (true) {
-             markAsProcessed(pos);
+             var rangeRight = createRange(true);
+             /**
+              * This method returns a new empty array.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.13.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new empty array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var arrays = _.times(2, _.stubArray);
+              *
+              * console.log(arrays);
+              * // => [[], []]
+              *
+              * console.log(arrays[0] === arrays[1]);
+              * // => false
+              */
 
-             pos = resultEvents[pos].otherPos;
+             function stubArray() {
+               return [];
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method returns `false`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.13.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `false`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.times(2, _.stubFalse);
+              * // => [false, false]
+              */
 
-             markAsProcessed(pos);
-             contour.points.push(resultEvents[pos].point);
 
-             pos = nextPos(pos, resultEvents, processed, origPos);
+             function stubFalse() {
+               return false;
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method returns a new empty object.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.13.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @returns {Object} Returns the new empty object.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = _.times(2, _.stubObject);
+              *
+              * console.log(objects);
+              * // => [{}, {}]
+              *
+              * console.log(objects[0] === objects[1]);
+              * // => false
+              */
+
 
-             if (pos == origPos) {
-               break;
+             function stubObject() {
+               return {};
              }
-           }
+             /**
+              * This method returns an empty string.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.13.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @returns {string} Returns the empty string.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.times(2, _.stubString);
+              * // => ['', '']
+              */
 
-           contours.push(contour);
-         }
 
-         return contours;
-       }
+             function stubString() {
+               return '';
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method returns `true`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.13.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @returns {boolean} Returns `true`.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.times(2, _.stubTrue);
+              * // => [true, true]
+              */
 
-       var tinyqueue = TinyQueue;
-       var _default$1 = TinyQueue;
 
-       function TinyQueue(data, compare) {
-           if (!(this instanceof TinyQueue)) return new TinyQueue(data, compare);
+             function stubTrue() {
+               return true;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Invokes the iteratee `n` times, returning an array of the results of
+              * each invocation. The iteratee is invoked with one argument; (index).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {number} n The number of times to invoke `iteratee`.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the array of results.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.times(3, String);
+              * // => ['0', '1', '2']
+              *
+              *  _.times(4, _.constant(0));
+              * // => [0, 0, 0, 0]
+              */
 
-           this.data = data || [];
-           this.length = this.data.length;
-           this.compare = compare || defaultCompare$1;
 
-           if (this.length > 0) {
-               for (var i = (this.length >> 1) - 1; i >= 0; i--) this._down(i);
-           }
-       }
+             function times(n, iteratee) {
+               n = toInteger(n);
 
-       function defaultCompare$1(a, b) {
-           return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
-       }
+               if (n < 1 || n > MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) {
+                 return [];
+               }
 
-       TinyQueue.prototype = {
+               var index = MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH,
+                   length = nativeMin(n, MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH);
+               iteratee = getIteratee(iteratee);
+               n -= MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH;
+               var result = baseTimes(length, iteratee);
 
-           push: function (item) {
-               this.data.push(item);
-               this.length++;
-               this._up(this.length - 1);
-           },
+               while (++index < n) {
+                 iteratee(index);
+               }
 
-           pop: function () {
-               if (this.length === 0) return undefined;
+               return result;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Converts `value` to a property path array.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {*} value The value to convert.
+              * @returns {Array} Returns the new property path array.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.toPath('a.b.c');
+              * // => ['a', 'b', 'c']
+              *
+              * _.toPath('a[0].b.c');
+              * // => ['a', '0', 'b', 'c']
+              */
 
-               var top = this.data[0];
-               this.length--;
 
-               if (this.length > 0) {
-                   this.data[0] = this.data[this.length];
-                   this._down(0);
+             function toPath(value) {
+               if (isArray(value)) {
+                 return arrayMap(value, toKey);
                }
-               this.data.pop();
 
-               return top;
-           },
+               return isSymbol(value) ? [value] : copyArray(stringToPath(toString(value)));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Generates a unique ID. If `prefix` is given, the ID is appended to it.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Util
+              * @param {string} [prefix=''] The value to prefix the ID with.
+              * @returns {string} Returns the unique ID.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.uniqueId('contact_');
+              * // => 'contact_104'
+              *
+              * _.uniqueId();
+              * // => '105'
+              */
 
-           peek: function () {
-               return this.data[0];
-           },
 
-           _up: function (pos) {
-               var data = this.data;
-               var compare = this.compare;
-               var item = data[pos];
+             function uniqueId(prefix) {
+               var id = ++idCounter;
+               return toString(prefix) + id;
+             }
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-               while (pos > 0) {
-                   var parent = (pos - 1) >> 1;
-                   var current = data[parent];
-                   if (compare(item, current) >= 0) break;
-                   data[pos] = current;
-                   pos = parent;
-               }
+             /**
+              * Adds two numbers.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.4.0
+              * @category Math
+              * @param {number} augend The first number in an addition.
+              * @param {number} addend The second number in an addition.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the total.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.add(6, 4);
+              * // => 10
+              */
 
-               data[pos] = item;
-           },
 
-           _down: function (pos) {
-               var data = this.data;
-               var compare = this.compare;
-               var halfLength = this.length >> 1;
-               var item = data[pos];
+             var add = createMathOperation(function (augend, addend) {
+               return augend + addend;
+             }, 0);
+             /**
+              * Computes `number` rounded up to `precision`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.10.0
+              * @category Math
+              * @param {number} number The number to round up.
+              * @param {number} [precision=0] The precision to round up to.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the rounded up number.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.ceil(4.006);
+              * // => 5
+              *
+              * _.ceil(6.004, 2);
+              * // => 6.01
+              *
+              * _.ceil(6040, -2);
+              * // => 6100
+              */
 
-               while (pos < halfLength) {
-                   var left = (pos << 1) + 1;
-                   var right = left + 1;
-                   var best = data[left];
+             var ceil = createRound('ceil');
+             /**
+              * Divide two numbers.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.7.0
+              * @category Math
+              * @param {number} dividend The first number in a division.
+              * @param {number} divisor The second number in a division.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the quotient.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.divide(6, 4);
+              * // => 1.5
+              */
 
-                   if (right < this.length && compare(data[right], best) < 0) {
-                       left = right;
-                       best = data[right];
-                   }
-                   if (compare(best, item) >= 0) break;
+             var divide = createMathOperation(function (dividend, divisor) {
+               return dividend / divisor;
+             }, 1);
+             /**
+              * Computes `number` rounded down to `precision`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.10.0
+              * @category Math
+              * @param {number} number The number to round down.
+              * @param {number} [precision=0] The precision to round down to.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the rounded down number.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.floor(4.006);
+              * // => 4
+              *
+              * _.floor(0.046, 2);
+              * // => 0.04
+              *
+              * _.floor(4060, -2);
+              * // => 4000
+              */
 
-                   data[pos] = best;
-                   pos = left;
-               }
+             var floor = createRound('floor');
+             /**
+              * Computes the maximum value of `array`. If `array` is empty or falsey,
+              * `undefined` is returned.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Math
+              * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the maximum value.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.max([4, 2, 8, 6]);
+              * // => 8
+              *
+              * _.max([]);
+              * // => undefined
+              */
 
-               data[pos] = item;
-           }
-       };
-       tinyqueue.default = _default$1;
+             function max(array) {
+               return array && array.length ? baseExtremum(array, identity, baseGt) : undefined$1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.max` except that it accepts `iteratee` which is
+              * invoked for each element in `array` to generate the criterion by which
+              * the value is ranked. The iteratee is invoked with one argument: (value).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Math
+              * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the maximum value.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [{ 'n': 1 }, { 'n': 2 }];
+              *
+              * _.maxBy(objects, function(o) { return o.n; });
+              * // => { 'n': 2 }
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.maxBy(objects, 'n');
+              * // => { 'n': 2 }
+              */
 
-       const max$2 = Math.max;
-       const min = Math.min;
 
-       let contourId = 0;
+             function maxBy(array, iteratee) {
+               return array && array.length ? baseExtremum(array, getIteratee(iteratee, 2), baseGt) : undefined$1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Computes the mean of the values in `array`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Math
+              * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the mean.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.mean([4, 2, 8, 6]);
+              * // => 5
+              */
 
 
-       function processPolygon(contourOrHole, isSubject, depth, Q, bbox, isExteriorRing) {
-         let i, len, s1, s2, e1, e2;
-         for (i = 0, len = contourOrHole.length - 1; i < len; i++) {
-           s1 = contourOrHole[i];
-           s2 = contourOrHole[i + 1];
-           e1 = new SweepEvent(s1, false, undefined, isSubject);
-           e2 = new SweepEvent(s2, false, e1,        isSubject);
-           e1.otherEvent = e2;
+             function mean(array) {
+               return baseMean(array, identity);
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.mean` except that it accepts `iteratee` which is
+              * invoked for each element in `array` to generate the value to be averaged.
+              * The iteratee is invoked with one argument: (value).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.7.0
+              * @category Math
+              * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the mean.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [{ 'n': 4 }, { 'n': 2 }, { 'n': 8 }, { 'n': 6 }];
+              *
+              * _.meanBy(objects, function(o) { return o.n; });
+              * // => 5
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.meanBy(objects, 'n');
+              * // => 5
+              */
 
-           if (s1[0] === s2[0] && s1[1] === s2[1]) {
-             continue; // skip collapsed edges, or it breaks
-           }
 
-           e1.contourId = e2.contourId = depth;
-           if (!isExteriorRing) {
-             e1.isExteriorRing = false;
-             e2.isExteriorRing = false;
-           }
-           if (compareEvents(e1, e2) > 0) {
-             e2.left = true;
-           } else {
-             e1.left = true;
-           }
+             function meanBy(array, iteratee) {
+               return baseMean(array, getIteratee(iteratee, 2));
+             }
+             /**
+              * Computes the minimum value of `array`. If `array` is empty or falsey,
+              * `undefined` is returned.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @since 0.1.0
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @category Math
+              * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the minimum value.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.min([4, 2, 8, 6]);
+              * // => 2
+              *
+              * _.min([]);
+              * // => undefined
+              */
 
-           const x = s1[0], y = s1[1];
-           bbox[0] = min(bbox[0], x);
-           bbox[1] = min(bbox[1], y);
-           bbox[2] = max$2(bbox[2], x);
-           bbox[3] = max$2(bbox[3], y);
 
-           // Pushing it so the queue is sorted from left to right,
-           // with object on the left having the highest priority.
-           Q.push(e1);
-           Q.push(e2);
-         }
-       }
+             function min(array) {
+               return array && array.length ? baseExtremum(array, identity, baseLt) : undefined$1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.min` except that it accepts `iteratee` which is
+              * invoked for each element in `array` to generate the criterion by which
+              * the value is ranked. The iteratee is invoked with one argument: (value).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Math
+              * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @returns {*} Returns the minimum value.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [{ 'n': 1 }, { 'n': 2 }];
+              *
+              * _.minBy(objects, function(o) { return o.n; });
+              * // => { 'n': 1 }
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.minBy(objects, 'n');
+              * // => { 'n': 1 }
+              */
 
 
-       function fillQueue(subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation) {
-         const eventQueue = new tinyqueue(null, compareEvents);
-         let polygonSet, isExteriorRing, i, ii, j, jj; //, k, kk;
+             function minBy(array, iteratee) {
+               return array && array.length ? baseExtremum(array, getIteratee(iteratee, 2), baseLt) : undefined$1;
+             }
+             /**
+              * Multiply two numbers.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.7.0
+              * @category Math
+              * @param {number} multiplier The first number in a multiplication.
+              * @param {number} multiplicand The second number in a multiplication.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the product.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.multiply(6, 4);
+              * // => 24
+              */
 
-         for (i = 0, ii = subject.length; i < ii; i++) {
-           polygonSet = subject[i];
-           for (j = 0, jj = polygonSet.length; j < jj; j++) {
-             isExteriorRing = j === 0;
-             if (isExteriorRing) contourId++;
-             processPolygon(polygonSet[j], true, contourId, eventQueue, sbbox, isExteriorRing);
-           }
-         }
 
-         for (i = 0, ii = clipping.length; i < ii; i++) {
-           polygonSet = clipping[i];
-           for (j = 0, jj = polygonSet.length; j < jj; j++) {
-             isExteriorRing = j === 0;
-             if (operation === DIFFERENCE) isExteriorRing = false;
-             if (isExteriorRing) contourId++;
-             processPolygon(polygonSet[j], false, contourId, eventQueue, cbbox, isExteriorRing);
-           }
-         }
+             var multiply = createMathOperation(function (multiplier, multiplicand) {
+               return multiplier * multiplicand;
+             }, 1);
+             /**
+              * Computes `number` rounded to `precision`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.10.0
+              * @category Math
+              * @param {number} number The number to round.
+              * @param {number} [precision=0] The precision to round to.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the rounded number.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.round(4.006);
+              * // => 4
+              *
+              * _.round(4.006, 2);
+              * // => 4.01
+              *
+              * _.round(4060, -2);
+              * // => 4100
+              */
 
-         return eventQueue;
-       }
+             var round = createRound('round');
+             /**
+              * Subtract two numbers.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Math
+              * @param {number} minuend The first number in a subtraction.
+              * @param {number} subtrahend The second number in a subtraction.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the difference.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.subtract(6, 4);
+              * // => 2
+              */
 
-       const EMPTY = [];
+             var subtract = createMathOperation(function (minuend, subtrahend) {
+               return minuend - subtrahend;
+             }, 0);
+             /**
+              * Computes the sum of the values in `array`.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 3.4.0
+              * @category Math
+              * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the sum.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * _.sum([4, 2, 8, 6]);
+              * // => 20
+              */
 
+             function sum(array) {
+               return array && array.length ? baseSum(array, identity) : 0;
+             }
+             /**
+              * This method is like `_.sum` except that it accepts `iteratee` which is
+              * invoked for each element in `array` to generate the value to be summed.
+              * The iteratee is invoked with one argument: (value).
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @since 4.0.0
+              * @category Math
+              * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
+              * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The iteratee invoked per element.
+              * @returns {number} Returns the sum.
+              * @example
+              *
+              * var objects = [{ 'n': 4 }, { 'n': 2 }, { 'n': 8 }, { 'n': 6 }];
+              *
+              * _.sumBy(objects, function(o) { return o.n; });
+              * // => 20
+              *
+              * // The `_.property` iteratee shorthand.
+              * _.sumBy(objects, 'n');
+              * // => 20
+              */
 
-       function trivialOperation(subject, clipping, operation) {
-         let result = null;
-         if (subject.length * clipping.length === 0) {
-           if        (operation === INTERSECTION) {
-             result = EMPTY;
-           } else if (operation === DIFFERENCE) {
-             result = subject;
-           } else if (operation === UNION ||
-                      operation === XOR) {
-             result = (subject.length === 0) ? clipping : subject;
-           }
-         }
-         return result;
-       }
 
+             function sumBy(array, iteratee) {
+               return array && array.length ? baseSum(array, getIteratee(iteratee, 2)) : 0;
+             }
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+             // Add methods that return wrapped values in chain sequences.
+
+
+             lodash.after = after;
+             lodash.ary = ary;
+             lodash.assign = assign;
+             lodash.assignIn = assignIn;
+             lodash.assignInWith = assignInWith;
+             lodash.assignWith = assignWith;
+             lodash.at = at;
+             lodash.before = before;
+             lodash.bind = bind;
+             lodash.bindAll = bindAll;
+             lodash.bindKey = bindKey;
+             lodash.castArray = castArray;
+             lodash.chain = chain;
+             lodash.chunk = chunk;
+             lodash.compact = compact;
+             lodash.concat = concat;
+             lodash.cond = cond;
+             lodash.conforms = conforms;
+             lodash.constant = constant;
+             lodash.countBy = countBy;
+             lodash.create = create;
+             lodash.curry = curry;
+             lodash.curryRight = curryRight;
+             lodash.debounce = debounce;
+             lodash.defaults = defaults;
+             lodash.defaultsDeep = defaultsDeep;
+             lodash.defer = defer;
+             lodash.delay = delay;
+             lodash.difference = difference;
+             lodash.differenceBy = differenceBy;
+             lodash.differenceWith = differenceWith;
+             lodash.drop = drop;
+             lodash.dropRight = dropRight;
+             lodash.dropRightWhile = dropRightWhile;
+             lodash.dropWhile = dropWhile;
+             lodash.fill = fill;
+             lodash.filter = filter;
+             lodash.flatMap = flatMap;
+             lodash.flatMapDeep = flatMapDeep;
+             lodash.flatMapDepth = flatMapDepth;
+             lodash.flatten = flatten;
+             lodash.flattenDeep = flattenDeep;
+             lodash.flattenDepth = flattenDepth;
+             lodash.flip = flip;
+             lodash.flow = flow;
+             lodash.flowRight = flowRight;
+             lodash.fromPairs = fromPairs;
+             lodash.functions = functions;
+             lodash.functionsIn = functionsIn;
+             lodash.groupBy = groupBy;
+             lodash.initial = initial;
+             lodash.intersection = intersection;
+             lodash.intersectionBy = intersectionBy;
+             lodash.intersectionWith = intersectionWith;
+             lodash.invert = invert;
+             lodash.invertBy = invertBy;
+             lodash.invokeMap = invokeMap;
+             lodash.iteratee = iteratee;
+             lodash.keyBy = keyBy;
+             lodash.keys = keys;
+             lodash.keysIn = keysIn;
+             lodash.map = map;
+             lodash.mapKeys = mapKeys;
+             lodash.mapValues = mapValues;
+             lodash.matches = matches;
+             lodash.matchesProperty = matchesProperty;
+             lodash.memoize = memoize;
+             lodash.merge = merge;
+             lodash.mergeWith = mergeWith;
+             lodash.method = method;
+             lodash.methodOf = methodOf;
+             lodash.mixin = mixin;
+             lodash.negate = negate;
+             lodash.nthArg = nthArg;
+             lodash.omit = omit;
+             lodash.omitBy = omitBy;
+             lodash.once = once;
+             lodash.orderBy = orderBy;
+             lodash.over = over;
+             lodash.overArgs = overArgs;
+             lodash.overEvery = overEvery;
+             lodash.overSome = overSome;
+             lodash.partial = partial;
+             lodash.partialRight = partialRight;
+             lodash.partition = partition;
+             lodash.pick = pick;
+             lodash.pickBy = pickBy;
+             lodash.property = property;
+             lodash.propertyOf = propertyOf;
+             lodash.pull = pull;
+             lodash.pullAll = pullAll;
+             lodash.pullAllBy = pullAllBy;
+             lodash.pullAllWith = pullAllWith;
+             lodash.pullAt = pullAt;
+             lodash.range = range;
+             lodash.rangeRight = rangeRight;
+             lodash.rearg = rearg;
+             lodash.reject = reject;
+             lodash.remove = remove;
+             lodash.rest = rest;
+             lodash.reverse = reverse;
+             lodash.sampleSize = sampleSize;
+             lodash.set = set;
+             lodash.setWith = setWith;
+             lodash.shuffle = shuffle;
+             lodash.slice = slice;
+             lodash.sortBy = sortBy;
+             lodash.sortedUniq = sortedUniq;
+             lodash.sortedUniqBy = sortedUniqBy;
+             lodash.split = split;
+             lodash.spread = spread;
+             lodash.tail = tail;
+             lodash.take = take;
+             lodash.takeRight = takeRight;
+             lodash.takeRightWhile = takeRightWhile;
+             lodash.takeWhile = takeWhile;
+             lodash.tap = tap;
+             lodash.throttle = throttle;
+             lodash.thru = thru;
+             lodash.toArray = toArray;
+             lodash.toPairs = toPairs;
+             lodash.toPairsIn = toPairsIn;
+             lodash.toPath = toPath;
+             lodash.toPlainObject = toPlainObject;
+             lodash.transform = transform;
+             lodash.unary = unary;
+             lodash.union = union;
+             lodash.unionBy = unionBy;
+             lodash.unionWith = unionWith;
+             lodash.uniq = uniq;
+             lodash.uniqBy = uniqBy;
+             lodash.uniqWith = uniqWith;
+             lodash.unset = unset;
+             lodash.unzip = unzip;
+             lodash.unzipWith = unzipWith;
+             lodash.update = update;
+             lodash.updateWith = updateWith;
+             lodash.values = values;
+             lodash.valuesIn = valuesIn;
+             lodash.without = without;
+             lodash.words = words;
+             lodash.wrap = wrap;
+             lodash.xor = xor;
+             lodash.xorBy = xorBy;
+             lodash.xorWith = xorWith;
+             lodash.zip = zip;
+             lodash.zipObject = zipObject;
+             lodash.zipObjectDeep = zipObjectDeep;
+             lodash.zipWith = zipWith; // Add aliases.
+
+             lodash.entries = toPairs;
+             lodash.entriesIn = toPairsIn;
+             lodash.extend = assignIn;
+             lodash.extendWith = assignInWith; // Add methods to `lodash.prototype`.
+
+             mixin(lodash, lodash);
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+             // Add methods that return unwrapped values in chain sequences.
+
+             lodash.add = add;
+             lodash.attempt = attempt;
+             lodash.camelCase = camelCase;
+             lodash.capitalize = capitalize;
+             lodash.ceil = ceil;
+             lodash.clamp = clamp;
+             lodash.clone = clone;
+             lodash.cloneDeep = cloneDeep;
+             lodash.cloneDeepWith = cloneDeepWith;
+             lodash.cloneWith = cloneWith;
+             lodash.conformsTo = conformsTo;
+             lodash.deburr = deburr;
+             lodash.defaultTo = defaultTo;
+             lodash.divide = divide;
+             lodash.endsWith = endsWith;
+             lodash.eq = eq;
+             lodash.escape = escape;
+             lodash.escapeRegExp = escapeRegExp;
+             lodash.every = every;
+             lodash.find = find;
+             lodash.findIndex = findIndex;
+             lodash.findKey = findKey;
+             lodash.findLast = findLast;
+             lodash.findLastIndex = findLastIndex;
+             lodash.findLastKey = findLastKey;
+             lodash.floor = floor;
+             lodash.forEach = forEach;
+             lodash.forEachRight = forEachRight;
+             lodash.forIn = forIn;
+             lodash.forInRight = forInRight;
+             lodash.forOwn = forOwn;
+             lodash.forOwnRight = forOwnRight;
+             lodash.get = get;
+             lodash.gt = gt;
+             lodash.gte = gte;
+             lodash.has = has;
+             lodash.hasIn = hasIn;
+             lodash.head = head;
+             lodash.identity = identity;
+             lodash.includes = includes;
+             lodash.indexOf = indexOf;
+             lodash.inRange = inRange;
+             lodash.invoke = invoke;
+             lodash.isArguments = isArguments;
+             lodash.isArray = isArray;
+             lodash.isArrayBuffer = isArrayBuffer;
+             lodash.isArrayLike = isArrayLike;
+             lodash.isArrayLikeObject = isArrayLikeObject;
+             lodash.isBoolean = isBoolean;
+             lodash.isBuffer = isBuffer;
+             lodash.isDate = isDate;
+             lodash.isElement = isElement;
+             lodash.isEmpty = isEmpty;
+             lodash.isEqual = isEqual;
+             lodash.isEqualWith = isEqualWith;
+             lodash.isError = isError;
+             lodash.isFinite = isFinite;
+             lodash.isFunction = isFunction;
+             lodash.isInteger = isInteger;
+             lodash.isLength = isLength;
+             lodash.isMap = isMap;
+             lodash.isMatch = isMatch;
+             lodash.isMatchWith = isMatchWith;
+             lodash.isNaN = isNaN;
+             lodash.isNative = isNative;
+             lodash.isNil = isNil;
+             lodash.isNull = isNull;
+             lodash.isNumber = isNumber;
+             lodash.isObject = isObject;
+             lodash.isObjectLike = isObjectLike;
+             lodash.isPlainObject = isPlainObject;
+             lodash.isRegExp = isRegExp;
+             lodash.isSafeInteger = isSafeInteger;
+             lodash.isSet = isSet;
+             lodash.isString = isString;
+             lodash.isSymbol = isSymbol;
+             lodash.isTypedArray = isTypedArray;
+             lodash.isUndefined = isUndefined;
+             lodash.isWeakMap = isWeakMap;
+             lodash.isWeakSet = isWeakSet;
+             lodash.join = join;
+             lodash.kebabCase = kebabCase;
+             lodash.last = last;
+             lodash.lastIndexOf = lastIndexOf;
+             lodash.lowerCase = lowerCase;
+             lodash.lowerFirst = lowerFirst;
+             lodash.lt = lt;
+             lodash.lte = lte;
+             lodash.max = max;
+             lodash.maxBy = maxBy;
+             lodash.mean = mean;
+             lodash.meanBy = meanBy;
+             lodash.min = min;
+             lodash.minBy = minBy;
+             lodash.stubArray = stubArray;
+             lodash.stubFalse = stubFalse;
+             lodash.stubObject = stubObject;
+             lodash.stubString = stubString;
+             lodash.stubTrue = stubTrue;
+             lodash.multiply = multiply;
+             lodash.nth = nth;
+             lodash.noConflict = noConflict;
+             lodash.noop = noop;
+             lodash.now = now;
+             lodash.pad = pad;
+             lodash.padEnd = padEnd;
+             lodash.padStart = padStart;
+             lodash.parseInt = parseInt;
+             lodash.random = random;
+             lodash.reduce = reduce;
+             lodash.reduceRight = reduceRight;
+             lodash.repeat = repeat;
+             lodash.replace = replace;
+             lodash.result = result;
+             lodash.round = round;
+             lodash.runInContext = runInContext;
+             lodash.sample = sample;
+             lodash.size = size;
+             lodash.snakeCase = snakeCase;
+             lodash.some = some;
+             lodash.sortedIndex = sortedIndex;
+             lodash.sortedIndexBy = sortedIndexBy;
+             lodash.sortedIndexOf = sortedIndexOf;
+             lodash.sortedLastIndex = sortedLastIndex;
+             lodash.sortedLastIndexBy = sortedLastIndexBy;
+             lodash.sortedLastIndexOf = sortedLastIndexOf;
+             lodash.startCase = startCase;
+             lodash.startsWith = startsWith;
+             lodash.subtract = subtract;
+             lodash.sum = sum;
+             lodash.sumBy = sumBy;
+             lodash.template = template;
+             lodash.times = times;
+             lodash.toFinite = toFinite;
+             lodash.toInteger = toInteger;
+             lodash.toLength = toLength;
+             lodash.toLower = toLower;
+             lodash.toNumber = toNumber;
+             lodash.toSafeInteger = toSafeInteger;
+             lodash.toString = toString;
+             lodash.toUpper = toUpper;
+             lodash.trim = trim;
+             lodash.trimEnd = trimEnd;
+             lodash.trimStart = trimStart;
+             lodash.truncate = truncate;
+             lodash.unescape = unescape;
+             lodash.uniqueId = uniqueId;
+             lodash.upperCase = upperCase;
+             lodash.upperFirst = upperFirst; // Add aliases.
+
+             lodash.each = forEach;
+             lodash.eachRight = forEachRight;
+             lodash.first = head;
+             mixin(lodash, function () {
+               var source = {};
+               baseForOwn(lodash, function (func, methodName) {
+                 if (!hasOwnProperty.call(lodash.prototype, methodName)) {
+                   source[methodName] = func;
+                 }
+               });
+               return source;
+             }(), {
+               'chain': false
+             });
+             /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-       function compareBBoxes(subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation) {
-         let result = null;
-         if (sbbox[0] > cbbox[2] ||
-             cbbox[0] > sbbox[2] ||
-             sbbox[1] > cbbox[3] ||
-             cbbox[1] > sbbox[3]) {
-           if        (operation === INTERSECTION) {
-             result = EMPTY;
-           } else if (operation === DIFFERENCE) {
-             result = subject;
-           } else if (operation === UNION ||
-                      operation === XOR) {
-             result = subject.concat(clipping);
-           }
-         }
-         return result;
-       }
+             /**
+              * The semantic version number.
+              *
+              * @static
+              * @memberOf _
+              * @type {string}
+              */
 
+             lodash.VERSION = VERSION; // Assign default placeholders.
 
-       function boolean(subject, clipping, operation) {
-         if (typeof subject[0][0][0] === 'number') {
-           subject = [subject];
-         }
-         if (typeof clipping[0][0][0] === 'number') {
-           clipping = [clipping];
-         }
-         let trivial = trivialOperation(subject, clipping, operation);
-         if (trivial) {
-           return trivial === EMPTY ? null : trivial;
-         }
-         const sbbox = [Infinity, Infinity, -Infinity, -Infinity];
-         const cbbox = [Infinity, Infinity, -Infinity, -Infinity];
+             arrayEach(['bind', 'bindKey', 'curry', 'curryRight', 'partial', 'partialRight'], function (methodName) {
+               lodash[methodName].placeholder = lodash;
+             }); // Add `LazyWrapper` methods for `_.drop` and `_.take` variants.
 
-         // console.time('fill queue');
-         const eventQueue = fillQueue(subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation);
-         //console.timeEnd('fill queue');
+             arrayEach(['drop', 'take'], function (methodName, index) {
+               LazyWrapper.prototype[methodName] = function (n) {
+                 n = n === undefined$1 ? 1 : nativeMax(toInteger(n), 0);
+                 var result = this.__filtered__ && !index ? new LazyWrapper(this) : this.clone();
 
-         trivial = compareBBoxes(subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation);
-         if (trivial) {
-           return trivial === EMPTY ? null : trivial;
-         }
-         // console.time('subdivide edges');
-         const sortedEvents = subdivide(eventQueue, subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation);
-         //console.timeEnd('subdivide edges');
+                 if (result.__filtered__) {
+                   result.__takeCount__ = nativeMin(n, result.__takeCount__);
+                 } else {
+                   result.__views__.push({
+                     'size': nativeMin(n, MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH),
+                     'type': methodName + (result.__dir__ < 0 ? 'Right' : '')
+                   });
+                 }
 
-         // console.time('connect vertices');
-         const contours = connectEdges(sortedEvents);
-         //console.timeEnd('connect vertices');
+                 return result;
+               };
 
-         // Convert contours to polygons
-         const polygons = [];
-         for (let i = 0; i < contours.length; i++) {
-           let contour = contours[i];
-           if (contour.isExterior()) {
-             // The exterior ring goes first
-             let rings = [contour.points];
-             // Followed by holes if any
-             for (let j = 0; j < contour.holeIds.length; j++) {
-               let holeId = contour.holeIds[j];
-               rings.push(contours[holeId].points);
-             }
-             polygons.push(rings);
-           }
-         }
+               LazyWrapper.prototype[methodName + 'Right'] = function (n) {
+                 return this.reverse()[methodName](n).reverse();
+               };
+             }); // Add `LazyWrapper` methods that accept an `iteratee` value.
 
-         return polygons;
-       }
+             arrayEach(['filter', 'map', 'takeWhile'], function (methodName, index) {
+               var type = index + 1,
+                   isFilter = type == LAZY_FILTER_FLAG || type == LAZY_WHILE_FLAG;
 
-       function union (subject, clipping) {
-         return boolean(subject, clipping, UNION);
-       }
+               LazyWrapper.prototype[methodName] = function (iteratee) {
+                 var result = this.clone();
 
-       var read$6 = function (buffer, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
-         var e, m;
-         var eLen = (nBytes * 8) - mLen - 1;
-         var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1;
-         var eBias = eMax >> 1;
-         var nBits = -7;
-         var i = isLE ? (nBytes - 1) : 0;
-         var d = isLE ? -1 : 1;
-         var s = buffer[offset + i];
+                 result.__iteratees__.push({
+                   'iteratee': getIteratee(iteratee, 3),
+                   'type': type
+                 });
 
-         i += d;
+                 result.__filtered__ = result.__filtered__ || isFilter;
+                 return result;
+               };
+             }); // Add `LazyWrapper` methods for `_.head` and `_.last`.
 
-         e = s & ((1 << (-nBits)) - 1);
-         s >>= (-nBits);
-         nBits += eLen;
-         for (; nBits > 0; e = (e * 256) + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}
+             arrayEach(['head', 'last'], function (methodName, index) {
+               var takeName = 'take' + (index ? 'Right' : '');
 
-         m = e & ((1 << (-nBits)) - 1);
-         e >>= (-nBits);
-         nBits += mLen;
-         for (; nBits > 0; m = (m * 256) + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}
+               LazyWrapper.prototype[methodName] = function () {
+                 return this[takeName](1).value()[0];
+               };
+             }); // Add `LazyWrapper` methods for `_.initial` and `_.tail`.
 
-         if (e === 0) {
-           e = 1 - eBias;
-         } else if (e === eMax) {
-           return m ? NaN : ((s ? -1 : 1) * Infinity)
-         } else {
-           m = m + Math.pow(2, mLen);
-           e = e - eBias;
-         }
-         return (s ? -1 : 1) * m * Math.pow(2, e - mLen)
-       };
+             arrayEach(['initial', 'tail'], function (methodName, index) {
+               var dropName = 'drop' + (index ? '' : 'Right');
 
-       var write$6 = function (buffer, value, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
-         var e, m, c;
-         var eLen = (nBytes * 8) - mLen - 1;
-         var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1;
-         var eBias = eMax >> 1;
-         var rt = (mLen === 23 ? Math.pow(2, -24) - Math.pow(2, -77) : 0);
-         var i = isLE ? 0 : (nBytes - 1);
-         var d = isLE ? 1 : -1;
-         var s = value < 0 || (value === 0 && 1 / value < 0) ? 1 : 0;
+               LazyWrapper.prototype[methodName] = function () {
+                 return this.__filtered__ ? new LazyWrapper(this) : this[dropName](1);
+               };
+             });
 
-         value = Math.abs(value);
+             LazyWrapper.prototype.compact = function () {
+               return this.filter(identity);
+             };
 
-         if (isNaN(value) || value === Infinity) {
-           m = isNaN(value) ? 1 : 0;
-           e = eMax;
-         } else {
-           e = Math.floor(Math.log(value) / Math.LN2);
-           if (value * (c = Math.pow(2, -e)) < 1) {
-             e--;
-             c *= 2;
-           }
-           if (e + eBias >= 1) {
-             value += rt / c;
-           } else {
-             value += rt * Math.pow(2, 1 - eBias);
-           }
-           if (value * c >= 2) {
-             e++;
-             c /= 2;
-           }
+             LazyWrapper.prototype.find = function (predicate) {
+               return this.filter(predicate).head();
+             };
 
-           if (e + eBias >= eMax) {
-             m = 0;
-             e = eMax;
-           } else if (e + eBias >= 1) {
-             m = ((value * c) - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen);
-             e = e + eBias;
-           } else {
-             m = value * Math.pow(2, eBias - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen);
-             e = 0;
-           }
-         }
+             LazyWrapper.prototype.findLast = function (predicate) {
+               return this.reverse().find(predicate);
+             };
 
-         for (; mLen >= 8; buffer[offset + i] = m & 0xff, i += d, m /= 256, mLen -= 8) {}
+             LazyWrapper.prototype.invokeMap = baseRest(function (path, args) {
+               if (typeof path == 'function') {
+                 return new LazyWrapper(this);
+               }
 
-         e = (e << mLen) | m;
-         eLen += mLen;
-         for (; eLen > 0; buffer[offset + i] = e & 0xff, i += d, e /= 256, eLen -= 8) {}
+               return this.map(function (value) {
+                 return baseInvoke(value, path, args);
+               });
+             });
 
-         buffer[offset + i - d] |= s * 128;
-       };
+             LazyWrapper.prototype.reject = function (predicate) {
+               return this.filter(negate(getIteratee(predicate)));
+             };
 
-       var ieee754 = {
-               read: read$6,
-               write: write$6
-       };
+             LazyWrapper.prototype.slice = function (start, end) {
+               start = toInteger(start);
+               var result = this;
 
-       var pbf = Pbf;
+               if (result.__filtered__ && (start > 0 || end < 0)) {
+                 return new LazyWrapper(result);
+               }
 
+               if (start < 0) {
+                 result = result.takeRight(-start);
+               } else if (start) {
+                 result = result.drop(start);
+               }
 
+               if (end !== undefined$1) {
+                 end = toInteger(end);
+                 result = end < 0 ? result.dropRight(-end) : result.take(end - start);
+               }
 
-       function Pbf(buf) {
-           this.buf = ArrayBuffer.isView && ArrayBuffer.isView(buf) ? buf : new Uint8Array(buf || 0);
-           this.pos = 0;
-           this.type = 0;
-           this.length = this.buf.length;
-       }
+               return result;
+             };
 
-       Pbf.Varint  = 0; // varint: int32, int64, uint32, uint64, sint32, sint64, bool, enum
-       Pbf.Fixed64 = 1; // 64-bit: double, fixed64, sfixed64
-       Pbf.Bytes   = 2; // length-delimited: string, bytes, embedded messages, packed repeated fields
-       Pbf.Fixed32 = 5; // 32-bit: float, fixed32, sfixed32
+             LazyWrapper.prototype.takeRightWhile = function (predicate) {
+               return this.reverse().takeWhile(predicate).reverse();
+             };
 
-       var SHIFT_LEFT_32 = (1 << 16) * (1 << 16),
-           SHIFT_RIGHT_32 = 1 / SHIFT_LEFT_32;
+             LazyWrapper.prototype.toArray = function () {
+               return this.take(MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH);
+             }; // Add `LazyWrapper` methods to `lodash.prototype`.
 
-       // Threshold chosen based on both benchmarking and knowledge about browser string
-       // data structures (which currently switch structure types at 12 bytes or more)
-       var TEXT_DECODER_MIN_LENGTH = 12;
-       var utf8TextDecoder = typeof TextDecoder === 'undefined' ? null : new TextDecoder('utf8');
 
-       Pbf.prototype = {
+             baseForOwn(LazyWrapper.prototype, function (func, methodName) {
+               var checkIteratee = /^(?:filter|find|map|reject)|While$/.test(methodName),
+                   isTaker = /^(?:head|last)$/.test(methodName),
+                   lodashFunc = lodash[isTaker ? 'take' + (methodName == 'last' ? 'Right' : '') : methodName],
+                   retUnwrapped = isTaker || /^find/.test(methodName);
 
-           destroy: function() {
-               this.buf = null;
-           },
+               if (!lodashFunc) {
+                 return;
+               }
 
-           // === READING =================================================================
+               lodash.prototype[methodName] = function () {
+                 var value = this.__wrapped__,
+                     args = isTaker ? [1] : arguments,
+                     isLazy = value instanceof LazyWrapper,
+                     iteratee = args[0],
+                     useLazy = isLazy || isArray(value);
 
-           readFields: function(readField, result, end) {
-               end = end || this.length;
+                 var interceptor = function interceptor(value) {
+                   var result = lodashFunc.apply(lodash, arrayPush([value], args));
+                   return isTaker && chainAll ? result[0] : result;
+                 };
 
-               while (this.pos < end) {
-                   var val = this.readVarint(),
-                       tag = val >> 3,
-                       startPos = this.pos;
+                 if (useLazy && checkIteratee && typeof iteratee == 'function' && iteratee.length != 1) {
+                   // Avoid lazy use if the iteratee has a "length" value other than `1`.
+                   isLazy = useLazy = false;
+                 }
 
-                   this.type = val & 0x7;
-                   readField(tag, result, this);
+                 var chainAll = this.__chain__,
+                     isHybrid = !!this.__actions__.length,
+                     isUnwrapped = retUnwrapped && !chainAll,
+                     onlyLazy = isLazy && !isHybrid;
 
-                   if (this.pos === startPos) this.skip(val);
-               }
-               return result;
-           },
+                 if (!retUnwrapped && useLazy) {
+                   value = onlyLazy ? value : new LazyWrapper(this);
+                   var result = func.apply(value, args);
 
-           readMessage: function(readField, result) {
-               return this.readFields(readField, result, this.readVarint() + this.pos);
-           },
+                   result.__actions__.push({
+                     'func': thru,
+                     'args': [interceptor],
+                     'thisArg': undefined$1
+                   });
 
-           readFixed32: function() {
-               var val = readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos);
-               this.pos += 4;
-               return val;
-           },
+                   return new LodashWrapper(result, chainAll);
+                 }
 
-           readSFixed32: function() {
-               var val = readInt32(this.buf, this.pos);
-               this.pos += 4;
-               return val;
-           },
+                 if (isUnwrapped && onlyLazy) {
+                   return func.apply(this, args);
+                 }
 
-           // 64-bit int handling is based on github.com/dpw/node-buffer-more-ints (MIT-licensed)
+                 result = this.thru(interceptor);
+                 return isUnwrapped ? isTaker ? result.value()[0] : result.value() : result;
+               };
+             }); // Add `Array` methods to `lodash.prototype`.
 
-           readFixed64: function() {
-               var val = readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos) + readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos + 4) * SHIFT_LEFT_32;
-               this.pos += 8;
-               return val;
-           },
+             arrayEach(['pop', 'push', 'shift', 'sort', 'splice', 'unshift'], function (methodName) {
+               var func = arrayProto[methodName],
+                   chainName = /^(?:push|sort|unshift)$/.test(methodName) ? 'tap' : 'thru',
+                   retUnwrapped = /^(?:pop|shift)$/.test(methodName);
 
-           readSFixed64: function() {
-               var val = readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos) + readInt32(this.buf, this.pos + 4) * SHIFT_LEFT_32;
-               this.pos += 8;
-               return val;
-           },
+               lodash.prototype[methodName] = function () {
+                 var args = arguments;
+
+                 if (retUnwrapped && !this.__chain__) {
+                   var value = this.value();
+                   return func.apply(isArray(value) ? value : [], args);
+                 }
+
+                 return this[chainName](function (value) {
+                   return func.apply(isArray(value) ? value : [], args);
+                 });
+               };
+             }); // Map minified method names to their real names.
+
+             baseForOwn(LazyWrapper.prototype, function (func, methodName) {
+               var lodashFunc = lodash[methodName];
+
+               if (lodashFunc) {
+                 var key = lodashFunc.name + '';
 
-           readFloat: function() {
-               var val = ieee754.read(this.buf, this.pos, true, 23, 4);
-               this.pos += 4;
-               return val;
-           },
+                 if (!hasOwnProperty.call(realNames, key)) {
+                   realNames[key] = [];
+                 }
 
-           readDouble: function() {
-               var val = ieee754.read(this.buf, this.pos, true, 52, 8);
-               this.pos += 8;
-               return val;
-           },
+                 realNames[key].push({
+                   'name': methodName,
+                   'func': lodashFunc
+                 });
+               }
+             });
+             realNames[createHybrid(undefined$1, WRAP_BIND_KEY_FLAG).name] = [{
+               'name': 'wrapper',
+               'func': undefined$1
+             }]; // Add methods to `LazyWrapper`.
 
-           readVarint: function(isSigned) {
-               var buf = this.buf,
-                   val, b;
+             LazyWrapper.prototype.clone = lazyClone;
+             LazyWrapper.prototype.reverse = lazyReverse;
+             LazyWrapper.prototype.value = lazyValue; // Add chain sequence methods to the `lodash` wrapper.
 
-               b = buf[this.pos++]; val  =  b & 0x7f;        if (b < 0x80) return val;
-               b = buf[this.pos++]; val |= (b & 0x7f) << 7;  if (b < 0x80) return val;
-               b = buf[this.pos++]; val |= (b & 0x7f) << 14; if (b < 0x80) return val;
-               b = buf[this.pos++]; val |= (b & 0x7f) << 21; if (b < 0x80) return val;
-               b = buf[this.pos];   val |= (b & 0x0f) << 28;
+             lodash.prototype.at = wrapperAt;
+             lodash.prototype.chain = wrapperChain;
+             lodash.prototype.commit = wrapperCommit;
+             lodash.prototype.next = wrapperNext;
+             lodash.prototype.plant = wrapperPlant;
+             lodash.prototype.reverse = wrapperReverse;
+             lodash.prototype.toJSON = lodash.prototype.valueOf = lodash.prototype.value = wrapperValue; // Add lazy aliases.
 
-               return readVarintRemainder(val, isSigned, this);
-           },
+             lodash.prototype.first = lodash.prototype.head;
 
-           readVarint64: function() { // for compatibility with v2.0.1
-               return this.readVarint(true);
-           },
+             if (symIterator) {
+               lodash.prototype[symIterator] = wrapperToIterator;
+             }
 
-           readSVarint: function() {
-               var num = this.readVarint();
-               return num % 2 === 1 ? (num + 1) / -2 : num / 2; // zigzag encoding
-           },
+             return lodash;
+           };
+           /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+           // Export lodash.
 
-           readBoolean: function() {
-               return Boolean(this.readVarint());
-           },
 
-           readString: function() {
-               var end = this.readVarint() + this.pos;
-               var pos = this.pos;
-               this.pos = end;
+           var _ = runInContext(); // Some AMD build optimizers, like r.js, check for condition patterns like:
 
-               if (end - pos >= TEXT_DECODER_MIN_LENGTH && utf8TextDecoder) {
-                   // longer strings are fast with the built-in browser TextDecoder API
-                   return readUtf8TextDecoder(this.buf, pos, end);
-               }
-               // short strings are fast with our custom implementation
-               return readUtf8(this.buf, pos, end);
-           },
 
-           readBytes: function() {
-               var end = this.readVarint() + this.pos,
-                   buffer = this.buf.subarray(this.pos, end);
-               this.pos = end;
-               return buffer;
-           },
+           if (freeModule) {
+             // Export for Node.js.
+             (freeModule.exports = _)._ = _; // Export for CommonJS support.
 
-           // verbose for performance reasons; doesn't affect gzipped size
+             freeExports._ = _;
+           } else {
+             // Export to the global object.
+             root._ = _;
+           }
+         }).call(commonjsGlobal);
+       })(lodash, lodash.exports);
 
-           readPackedVarint: function(arr, isSigned) {
-               if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readVarint(isSigned));
-               var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-               arr = arr || [];
-               while (this.pos < end) arr.push(this.readVarint(isSigned));
-               return arr;
-           },
-           readPackedSVarint: function(arr) {
-               if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readSVarint());
-               var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-               arr = arr || [];
-               while (this.pos < end) arr.push(this.readSVarint());
-               return arr;
-           },
-           readPackedBoolean: function(arr) {
-               if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readBoolean());
-               var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-               arr = arr || [];
-               while (this.pos < end) arr.push(this.readBoolean());
-               return arr;
-           },
-           readPackedFloat: function(arr) {
-               if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readFloat());
-               var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-               arr = arr || [];
-               while (this.pos < end) arr.push(this.readFloat());
-               return arr;
-           },
-           readPackedDouble: function(arr) {
-               if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readDouble());
-               var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-               arr = arr || [];
-               while (this.pos < end) arr.push(this.readDouble());
-               return arr;
-           },
-           readPackedFixed32: function(arr) {
-               if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readFixed32());
-               var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-               arr = arr || [];
-               while (this.pos < end) arr.push(this.readFixed32());
-               return arr;
-           },
-           readPackedSFixed32: function(arr) {
-               if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readSFixed32());
-               var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-               arr = arr || [];
-               while (this.pos < end) arr.push(this.readSFixed32());
-               return arr;
-           },
-           readPackedFixed64: function(arr) {
-               if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readFixed64());
-               var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-               arr = arr || [];
-               while (this.pos < end) arr.push(this.readFixed64());
-               return arr;
-           },
-           readPackedSFixed64: function(arr) {
-               if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readSFixed64());
-               var end = readPackedEnd(this);
-               arr = arr || [];
-               while (this.pos < end) arr.push(this.readSFixed64());
-               return arr;
-           },
+       function actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, discardTags, formatUser) {
+         discardTags = discardTags || {};
+         var _option = 'safe'; // 'safe', 'force_local', 'force_remote'
 
-           skip: function(val) {
-               var type = val & 0x7;
-               if (type === Pbf.Varint) while (this.buf[this.pos++] > 0x7f) {}
-               else if (type === Pbf.Bytes) this.pos = this.readVarint() + this.pos;
-               else if (type === Pbf.Fixed32) this.pos += 4;
-               else if (type === Pbf.Fixed64) this.pos += 8;
-               else throw new Error('Unimplemented type: ' + type);
-           },
+         var _conflicts = [];
 
-           // === WRITING =================================================================
+         function user(d) {
+           return typeof formatUser === 'function' ? formatUser(d) : lodash.exports.escape(d);
+         }
 
-           writeTag: function(tag, type) {
-               this.writeVarint((tag << 3) | type);
-           },
+         function mergeLocation(remote, target) {
+           function pointEqual(a, b) {
+             var epsilon = 1e-6;
+             return Math.abs(a[0] - b[0]) < epsilon && Math.abs(a[1] - b[1]) < epsilon;
+           }
 
-           realloc: function(min) {
-               var length = this.length || 16;
+           if (_option === 'force_local' || pointEqual(target.loc, remote.loc)) {
+             return target;
+           }
 
-               while (length < this.pos + min) length *= 2;
+           if (_option === 'force_remote') {
+             return target.update({
+               loc: remote.loc
+             });
+           }
 
-               if (length !== this.length) {
-                   var buf = new Uint8Array(length);
-                   buf.set(this.buf);
-                   this.buf = buf;
-                   this.length = length;
-               }
-           },
+           _conflicts.push(_t.html('merge_remote_changes.conflict.location', {
+             user: {
+               html: user(remote.user)
+             }
+           }));
 
-           finish: function() {
-               this.length = this.pos;
-               this.pos = 0;
-               return this.buf.subarray(0, this.length);
-           },
+           return target;
+         }
 
-           writeFixed32: function(val) {
-               this.realloc(4);
-               writeInt32(this.buf, val, this.pos);
-               this.pos += 4;
-           },
+         function mergeNodes(base, remote, target) {
+           if (_option === 'force_local' || fastDeepEqual(target.nodes, remote.nodes)) {
+             return target;
+           }
 
-           writeSFixed32: function(val) {
-               this.realloc(4);
-               writeInt32(this.buf, val, this.pos);
-               this.pos += 4;
-           },
+           if (_option === 'force_remote') {
+             return target.update({
+               nodes: remote.nodes
+             });
+           }
 
-           writeFixed64: function(val) {
-               this.realloc(8);
-               writeInt32(this.buf, val & -1, this.pos);
-               writeInt32(this.buf, Math.floor(val * SHIFT_RIGHT_32), this.pos + 4);
-               this.pos += 8;
-           },
+           var ccount = _conflicts.length;
+           var o = base.nodes || [];
+           var a = target.nodes || [];
+           var b = remote.nodes || [];
+           var nodes = [];
+           var hunks = diff3Merge(a, o, b, {
+             excludeFalseConflicts: true
+           });
 
-           writeSFixed64: function(val) {
-               this.realloc(8);
-               writeInt32(this.buf, val & -1, this.pos);
-               writeInt32(this.buf, Math.floor(val * SHIFT_RIGHT_32), this.pos + 4);
-               this.pos += 8;
-           },
+           for (var i = 0; i < hunks.length; i++) {
+             var hunk = hunks[i];
 
-           writeVarint: function(val) {
-               val = +val || 0;
+             if (hunk.ok) {
+               nodes.push.apply(nodes, hunk.ok);
+             } else {
+               // for all conflicts, we can assume c.a !== c.b
+               // because `diff3Merge` called with `true` option to exclude false conflicts..
+               var c = hunk.conflict;
+
+               if (fastDeepEqual(c.o, c.a)) {
+                 // only changed remotely
+                 nodes.push.apply(nodes, c.b);
+               } else if (fastDeepEqual(c.o, c.b)) {
+                 // only changed locally
+                 nodes.push.apply(nodes, c.a);
+               } else {
+                 // changed both locally and remotely
+                 _conflicts.push(_t.html('merge_remote_changes.conflict.nodelist', {
+                   user: {
+                     html: user(remote.user)
+                   }
+                 }));
 
-               if (val > 0xfffffff || val < 0) {
-                   writeBigVarint(val, this);
-                   return;
+                 break;
                }
+             }
+           }
 
-               this.realloc(4);
+           return _conflicts.length === ccount ? target.update({
+             nodes: nodes
+           }) : target;
+         }
 
-               this.buf[this.pos++] =           val & 0x7f  | (val > 0x7f ? 0x80 : 0); if (val <= 0x7f) return;
-               this.buf[this.pos++] = ((val >>>= 7) & 0x7f) | (val > 0x7f ? 0x80 : 0); if (val <= 0x7f) return;
-               this.buf[this.pos++] = ((val >>>= 7) & 0x7f) | (val > 0x7f ? 0x80 : 0); if (val <= 0x7f) return;
-               this.buf[this.pos++] =   (val >>> 7) & 0x7f;
-           },
+         function mergeChildren(targetWay, children, updates, graph) {
+           function isUsed(node, targetWay) {
+             var hasInterestingParent = graph.parentWays(node).some(function (way) {
+               return way.id !== targetWay.id;
+             });
+             return node.hasInterestingTags() || hasInterestingParent || graph.parentRelations(node).length > 0;
+           }
 
-           writeSVarint: function(val) {
-               this.writeVarint(val < 0 ? -val * 2 - 1 : val * 2);
-           },
+           var ccount = _conflicts.length;
 
-           writeBoolean: function(val) {
-               this.writeVarint(Boolean(val));
-           },
+           for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
+             var id = children[i];
+             var node = graph.hasEntity(id); // remove unused childNodes..
 
-           writeString: function(str) {
-               str = String(str);
-               this.realloc(str.length * 4);
+             if (targetWay.nodes.indexOf(id) === -1) {
+               if (node && !isUsed(node, targetWay)) {
+                 updates.removeIds.push(id);
+               }
 
-               this.pos++; // reserve 1 byte for short string length
+               continue;
+             } // restore used childNodes..
 
-               var startPos = this.pos;
-               // write the string directly to the buffer and see how much was written
-               this.pos = writeUtf8(this.buf, str, this.pos);
-               var len = this.pos - startPos;
 
-               if (len >= 0x80) makeRoomForExtraLength(startPos, len, this);
+             var local = localGraph.hasEntity(id);
+             var remote = remoteGraph.hasEntity(id);
+             var target;
 
-               // finally, write the message length in the reserved place and restore the position
-               this.pos = startPos - 1;
-               this.writeVarint(len);
-               this.pos += len;
-           },
+             if (_option === 'force_remote' && remote && remote.visible) {
+               updates.replacements.push(remote);
+             } else if (_option === 'force_local' && local) {
+               target = osmEntity(local);
 
-           writeFloat: function(val) {
-               this.realloc(4);
-               ieee754.write(this.buf, val, this.pos, true, 23, 4);
-               this.pos += 4;
-           },
+               if (remote) {
+                 target = target.update({
+                   version: remote.version
+                 });
+               }
 
-           writeDouble: function(val) {
-               this.realloc(8);
-               ieee754.write(this.buf, val, this.pos, true, 52, 8);
-               this.pos += 8;
-           },
+               updates.replacements.push(target);
+             } else if (_option === 'safe' && local && remote && local.version !== remote.version) {
+               target = osmEntity(local, {
+                 version: remote.version
+               });
 
-           writeBytes: function(buffer) {
-               var len = buffer.length;
-               this.writeVarint(len);
-               this.realloc(len);
-               for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) this.buf[this.pos++] = buffer[i];
-           },
+               if (remote.visible) {
+                 target = mergeLocation(remote, target);
+               } else {
+                 _conflicts.push(_t.html('merge_remote_changes.conflict.deleted', {
+                   user: {
+                     html: user(remote.user)
+                   }
+                 }));
+               }
 
-           writeRawMessage: function(fn, obj) {
-               this.pos++; // reserve 1 byte for short message length
+               if (_conflicts.length !== ccount) break;
+               updates.replacements.push(target);
+             }
+           }
 
-               // write the message directly to the buffer and see how much was written
-               var startPos = this.pos;
-               fn(obj, this);
-               var len = this.pos - startPos;
+           return targetWay;
+         }
 
-               if (len >= 0x80) makeRoomForExtraLength(startPos, len, this);
+         function updateChildren(updates, graph) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < updates.replacements.length; i++) {
+             graph = graph.replace(updates.replacements[i]);
+           }
 
-               // finally, write the message length in the reserved place and restore the position
-               this.pos = startPos - 1;
-               this.writeVarint(len);
-               this.pos += len;
-           },
+           if (updates.removeIds.length) {
+             graph = actionDeleteMultiple(updates.removeIds)(graph);
+           }
 
-           writeMessage: function(tag, fn, obj) {
-               this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Bytes);
-               this.writeRawMessage(fn, obj);
-           },
+           return graph;
+         }
 
-           writePackedVarint:   function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedVarint, arr);   },
-           writePackedSVarint:  function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedSVarint, arr);  },
-           writePackedBoolean:  function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedBoolean, arr);  },
-           writePackedFloat:    function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedFloat, arr);    },
-           writePackedDouble:   function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedDouble, arr);   },
-           writePackedFixed32:  function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedFixed32, arr);  },
-           writePackedSFixed32: function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedSFixed32, arr); },
-           writePackedFixed64:  function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedFixed64, arr);  },
-           writePackedSFixed64: function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedSFixed64, arr); },
-
-           writeBytesField: function(tag, buffer) {
-               this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Bytes);
-               this.writeBytes(buffer);
-           },
-           writeFixed32Field: function(tag, val) {
-               this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed32);
-               this.writeFixed32(val);
-           },
-           writeSFixed32Field: function(tag, val) {
-               this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed32);
-               this.writeSFixed32(val);
-           },
-           writeFixed64Field: function(tag, val) {
-               this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed64);
-               this.writeFixed64(val);
-           },
-           writeSFixed64Field: function(tag, val) {
-               this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed64);
-               this.writeSFixed64(val);
-           },
-           writeVarintField: function(tag, val) {
-               this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Varint);
-               this.writeVarint(val);
-           },
-           writeSVarintField: function(tag, val) {
-               this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Varint);
-               this.writeSVarint(val);
-           },
-           writeStringField: function(tag, str) {
-               this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Bytes);
-               this.writeString(str);
-           },
-           writeFloatField: function(tag, val) {
-               this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed32);
-               this.writeFloat(val);
-           },
-           writeDoubleField: function(tag, val) {
-               this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed64);
-               this.writeDouble(val);
-           },
-           writeBooleanField: function(tag, val) {
-               this.writeVarintField(tag, Boolean(val));
+         function mergeMembers(remote, target) {
+           if (_option === 'force_local' || fastDeepEqual(target.members, remote.members)) {
+             return target;
            }
-       };
 
-       function readVarintRemainder(l, s, p) {
-           var buf = p.buf,
-               h, b;
+           if (_option === 'force_remote') {
+             return target.update({
+               members: remote.members
+             });
+           }
 
-           b = buf[p.pos++]; h  = (b & 0x70) >> 4;  if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
-           b = buf[p.pos++]; h |= (b & 0x7f) << 3;  if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
-           b = buf[p.pos++]; h |= (b & 0x7f) << 10; if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
-           b = buf[p.pos++]; h |= (b & 0x7f) << 17; if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
-           b = buf[p.pos++]; h |= (b & 0x7f) << 24; if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
-           b = buf[p.pos++]; h |= (b & 0x01) << 31; if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
+           _conflicts.push(_t.html('merge_remote_changes.conflict.memberlist', {
+             user: {
+               html: user(remote.user)
+             }
+           }));
 
-           throw new Error('Expected varint not more than 10 bytes');
-       }
+           return target;
+         }
 
-       function readPackedEnd(pbf) {
-           return pbf.type === Pbf.Bytes ?
-               pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos : pbf.pos + 1;
-       }
+         function mergeTags(base, remote, target) {
+           if (_option === 'force_local' || fastDeepEqual(target.tags, remote.tags)) {
+             return target;
+           }
 
-       function toNum(low, high, isSigned) {
-           if (isSigned) {
-               return high * 0x100000000 + (low >>> 0);
+           if (_option === 'force_remote') {
+             return target.update({
+               tags: remote.tags
+             });
            }
 
-           return ((high >>> 0) * 0x100000000) + (low >>> 0);
-       }
+           var ccount = _conflicts.length;
+           var o = base.tags || {};
+           var a = target.tags || {};
+           var b = remote.tags || {};
+           var keys = utilArrayUnion(utilArrayUnion(Object.keys(o), Object.keys(a)), Object.keys(b)).filter(function (k) {
+             return !discardTags[k];
+           });
+           var tags = Object.assign({}, a); // shallow copy
 
-       function writeBigVarint(val, pbf) {
-           var low, high;
+           var changed = false;
 
-           if (val >= 0) {
-               low  = (val % 0x100000000) | 0;
-               high = (val / 0x100000000) | 0;
-           } else {
-               low  = ~(-val % 0x100000000);
-               high = ~(-val / 0x100000000);
+           for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
+             var k = keys[i];
 
-               if (low ^ 0xffffffff) {
-                   low = (low + 1) | 0;
+             if (o[k] !== b[k] && a[k] !== b[k]) {
+               // changed remotely..
+               if (o[k] !== a[k]) {
+                 // changed locally..
+                 _conflicts.push(_t.html('merge_remote_changes.conflict.tags', {
+                   tag: k,
+                   local: a[k],
+                   remote: b[k],
+                   user: {
+                     html: user(remote.user)
+                   }
+                 }));
                } else {
-                   low = 0;
-                   high = (high + 1) | 0;
+                 // unchanged locally, accept remote change..
+                 if (b.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
+                   tags[k] = b[k];
+                 } else {
+                   delete tags[k];
+                 }
+
+                 changed = true;
                }
+             }
            }
 
-           if (val >= 0x10000000000000000 || val < -0x10000000000000000) {
-               throw new Error('Given varint doesn\'t fit into 10 bytes');
-           }
+           return changed && _conflicts.length === ccount ? target.update({
+             tags: tags
+           }) : target;
+         } //  `graph.base()` is the common ancestor of the two graphs.
+         //  `localGraph` contains user's edits up to saving
+         //  `remoteGraph` contains remote edits to modified nodes
+         //  `graph` must be a descendent of `localGraph` and may include
+         //      some conflict resolution actions performed on it.
+         //
+         //                  --- ... --- `localGraph` -- ... -- `graph`
+         //                 /
+         //  `graph.base()` --- ... --- `remoteGraph`
+         //
 
-           pbf.realloc(10);
 
-           writeBigVarintLow(low, high, pbf);
-           writeBigVarintHigh(high, pbf);
-       }
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var updates = {
+             replacements: [],
+             removeIds: []
+           };
+           var base = graph.base().entities[id];
+           var local = localGraph.entity(id);
+           var remote = remoteGraph.entity(id);
+           var target = osmEntity(local, {
+             version: remote.version
+           }); // delete/undelete
 
-       function writeBigVarintLow(low, high, pbf) {
-           pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80; low >>>= 7;
-           pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80; low >>>= 7;
-           pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80; low >>>= 7;
-           pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80; low >>>= 7;
-           pbf.buf[pbf.pos]   = low & 0x7f;
-       }
+           if (!remote.visible) {
+             if (_option === 'force_remote') {
+               return actionDeleteMultiple([id])(graph);
+             } else if (_option === 'force_local') {
+               if (target.type === 'way') {
+                 target = mergeChildren(target, utilArrayUniq(local.nodes), updates, graph);
+                 graph = updateChildren(updates, graph);
+               }
 
-       function writeBigVarintHigh(high, pbf) {
-           var lsb = (high & 0x07) << 4;
+               return graph.replace(target);
+             } else {
+               _conflicts.push(_t.html('merge_remote_changes.conflict.deleted', {
+                 user: {
+                   html: user(remote.user)
+                 }
+               }));
 
-           pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] |= lsb         | ((high >>>= 3) ? 0x80 : 0); if (!high) return;
-           pbf.buf[pbf.pos++]  = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0); if (!high) return;
-           pbf.buf[pbf.pos++]  = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0); if (!high) return;
-           pbf.buf[pbf.pos++]  = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0); if (!high) return;
-           pbf.buf[pbf.pos++]  = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0); if (!high) return;
-           pbf.buf[pbf.pos++]  = high & 0x7f;
-       }
+               return graph; // do nothing
+             }
+           } // merge
 
-       function makeRoomForExtraLength(startPos, len, pbf) {
-           var extraLen =
-               len <= 0x3fff ? 1 :
-               len <= 0x1fffff ? 2 :
-               len <= 0xfffffff ? 3 : Math.floor(Math.log(len) / (Math.LN2 * 7));
 
-           // if 1 byte isn't enough for encoding message length, shift the data to the right
-           pbf.realloc(extraLen);
-           for (var i = pbf.pos - 1; i >= startPos; i--) pbf.buf[i + extraLen] = pbf.buf[i];
-       }
+           if (target.type === 'node') {
+             target = mergeLocation(remote, target);
+           } else if (target.type === 'way') {
+             // pull in any child nodes that may not be present locally..
+             graph.rebase(remoteGraph.childNodes(remote), [graph], false);
+             target = mergeNodes(base, remote, target);
+             target = mergeChildren(target, utilArrayUnion(local.nodes, remote.nodes), updates, graph);
+           } else if (target.type === 'relation') {
+             target = mergeMembers(remote, target);
+           }
 
-       function writePackedVarint(arr, pbf)   { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) pbf.writeVarint(arr[i]);   }
-       function writePackedSVarint(arr, pbf)  { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) pbf.writeSVarint(arr[i]);  }
-       function writePackedFloat(arr, pbf)    { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) pbf.writeFloat(arr[i]);    }
-       function writePackedDouble(arr, pbf)   { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) pbf.writeDouble(arr[i]);   }
-       function writePackedBoolean(arr, pbf)  { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) pbf.writeBoolean(arr[i]);  }
-       function writePackedFixed32(arr, pbf)  { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) pbf.writeFixed32(arr[i]);  }
-       function writePackedSFixed32(arr, pbf) { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) pbf.writeSFixed32(arr[i]); }
-       function writePackedFixed64(arr, pbf)  { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) pbf.writeFixed64(arr[i]);  }
-       function writePackedSFixed64(arr, pbf) { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) pbf.writeSFixed64(arr[i]); }
+           target = mergeTags(base, remote, target);
 
-       // Buffer code below from https://github.com/feross/buffer, MIT-licensed
+           if (!_conflicts.length) {
+             graph = updateChildren(updates, graph).replace(target);
+           }
 
-       function readUInt32(buf, pos) {
-           return ((buf[pos]) |
-               (buf[pos + 1] << 8) |
-               (buf[pos + 2] << 16)) +
-               (buf[pos + 3] * 0x1000000);
-       }
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-       function writeInt32(buf, val, pos) {
-           buf[pos] = val;
-           buf[pos + 1] = (val >>> 8);
-           buf[pos + 2] = (val >>> 16);
-           buf[pos + 3] = (val >>> 24);
-       }
+         action.withOption = function (opt) {
+           _option = opt;
+           return action;
+         };
 
-       function readInt32(buf, pos) {
-           return ((buf[pos]) |
-               (buf[pos + 1] << 8) |
-               (buf[pos + 2] << 16)) +
-               (buf[pos + 3] << 24);
+         action.conflicts = function () {
+           return _conflicts;
+         };
+
+         return action;
        }
 
-       function readUtf8(buf, pos, end) {
-           var str = '';
-           var i = pos;
+       // https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/MoveNodeAction.as
 
-           while (i < end) {
-               var b0 = buf[i];
-               var c = null; // codepoint
-               var bytesPerSequence =
-                   b0 > 0xEF ? 4 :
-                   b0 > 0xDF ? 3 :
-                   b0 > 0xBF ? 2 : 1;
+       function actionMove(moveIDs, tryDelta, projection, cache) {
+         var _delta = tryDelta;
 
-               if (i + bytesPerSequence > end) break;
+         function setupCache(graph) {
+           function canMove(nodeID) {
+             // Allow movement of any node that is in the selectedIDs list..
+             if (moveIDs.indexOf(nodeID) !== -1) return true; // Allow movement of a vertex where 2 ways meet..
 
-               var b1, b2, b3;
+             var parents = graph.parentWays(graph.entity(nodeID));
+             if (parents.length < 3) return true; // Restrict movement of a vertex where >2 ways meet, unless all parentWays are moving too..
 
-               if (bytesPerSequence === 1) {
-                   if (b0 < 0x80) {
-                       c = b0;
-                   }
-               } else if (bytesPerSequence === 2) {
-                   b1 = buf[i + 1];
-                   if ((b1 & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
-                       c = (b0 & 0x1F) << 0x6 | (b1 & 0x3F);
-                       if (c <= 0x7F) {
-                           c = null;
-                       }
-                   }
-               } else if (bytesPerSequence === 3) {
-                   b1 = buf[i + 1];
-                   b2 = buf[i + 2];
-                   if ((b1 & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (b2 & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
-                       c = (b0 & 0xF) << 0xC | (b1 & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (b2 & 0x3F);
-                       if (c <= 0x7FF || (c >= 0xD800 && c <= 0xDFFF)) {
-                           c = null;
-                       }
-                   }
-               } else if (bytesPerSequence === 4) {
-                   b1 = buf[i + 1];
-                   b2 = buf[i + 2];
-                   b3 = buf[i + 3];
-                   if ((b1 & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (b2 & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (b3 & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
-                       c = (b0 & 0xF) << 0x12 | (b1 & 0x3F) << 0xC | (b2 & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (b3 & 0x3F);
-                       if (c <= 0xFFFF || c >= 0x110000) {
-                           c = null;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+             var parentsMoving = parents.every(function (way) {
+               return cache.moving[way.id];
+             });
+             if (!parentsMoving) delete cache.moving[nodeID];
+             return parentsMoving;
+           }
 
-               if (c === null) {
-                   c = 0xFFFD;
-                   bytesPerSequence = 1;
+           function cacheEntities(ids) {
+             for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
+               var id = ids[i];
+               if (cache.moving[id]) continue;
+               cache.moving[id] = true;
+               var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
+               if (!entity) continue;
 
-               } else if (c > 0xFFFF) {
-                   c -= 0x10000;
-                   str += String.fromCharCode(c >>> 10 & 0x3FF | 0xD800);
-                   c = 0xDC00 | c & 0x3FF;
+               if (entity.type === 'node') {
+                 cache.nodes.push(id);
+                 cache.startLoc[id] = entity.loc;
+               } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
+                 cache.ways.push(id);
+                 cacheEntities(entity.nodes);
+               } else {
+                 cacheEntities(entity.members.map(function (member) {
+                   return member.id;
+                 }));
                }
-
-               str += String.fromCharCode(c);
-               i += bytesPerSequence;
+             }
            }
 
-           return str;
-       }
+           function cacheIntersections(ids) {
+             function isEndpoint(way, id) {
+               return !way.isClosed() && !!way.affix(id);
+             }
 
-       function readUtf8TextDecoder(buf, pos, end) {
-           return utf8TextDecoder.decode(buf.subarray(pos, end));
-       }
+             for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
+               var id = ids[i]; // consider only intersections with 1 moved and 1 unmoved way.
 
-       function writeUtf8(buf, str, pos) {
-           for (var i = 0, c, lead; i < str.length; i++) {
-               c = str.charCodeAt(i); // code point
-
-               if (c > 0xD7FF && c < 0xE000) {
-                   if (lead) {
-                       if (c < 0xDC00) {
-                           buf[pos++] = 0xEF;
-                           buf[pos++] = 0xBF;
-                           buf[pos++] = 0xBD;
-                           lead = c;
-                           continue;
-                       } else {
-                           c = lead - 0xD800 << 10 | c - 0xDC00 | 0x10000;
-                           lead = null;
-                       }
-                   } else {
-                       if (c > 0xDBFF || (i + 1 === str.length)) {
-                           buf[pos++] = 0xEF;
-                           buf[pos++] = 0xBF;
-                           buf[pos++] = 0xBD;
-                       } else {
-                           lead = c;
-                       }
-                       continue;
-                   }
-               } else if (lead) {
-                   buf[pos++] = 0xEF;
-                   buf[pos++] = 0xBF;
-                   buf[pos++] = 0xBD;
-                   lead = null;
-               }
+               var childNodes = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(id));
 
-               if (c < 0x80) {
-                   buf[pos++] = c;
-               } else {
-                   if (c < 0x800) {
-                       buf[pos++] = c >> 0x6 | 0xC0;
-                   } else {
-                       if (c < 0x10000) {
-                           buf[pos++] = c >> 0xC | 0xE0;
-                       } else {
-                           buf[pos++] = c >> 0x12 | 0xF0;
-                           buf[pos++] = c >> 0xC & 0x3F | 0x80;
-                       }
-                       buf[pos++] = c >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80;
+               for (var j = 0; j < childNodes.length; j++) {
+                 var node = childNodes[j];
+                 var parents = graph.parentWays(node);
+                 if (parents.length !== 2) continue;
+                 var moved = graph.entity(id);
+                 var unmoved = null;
+
+                 for (var k = 0; k < parents.length; k++) {
+                   var way = parents[k];
+
+                   if (!cache.moving[way.id]) {
+                     unmoved = way;
+                     break;
                    }
-                   buf[pos++] = c & 0x3F | 0x80;
+                 }
+
+                 if (!unmoved) continue; // exclude ways that are overly connected..
+
+                 if (utilArrayIntersection(moved.nodes, unmoved.nodes).length > 2) continue;
+                 if (moved.isArea() || unmoved.isArea()) continue;
+                 cache.intersections.push({
+                   nodeId: node.id,
+                   movedId: moved.id,
+                   unmovedId: unmoved.id,
+                   movedIsEP: isEndpoint(moved, node.id),
+                   unmovedIsEP: isEndpoint(unmoved, node.id)
+                 });
                }
+             }
            }
-           return pos;
-       }
 
-       var pointGeometry = Point;
+           if (!cache) {
+             cache = {};
+           }
 
-       /**
-        * A standalone point geometry with useful accessor, comparison, and
-        * modification methods.
-        *
-        * @class Point
-        * @param {Number} x the x-coordinate. this could be longitude or screen
-        * pixels, or any other sort of unit.
-        * @param {Number} y the y-coordinate. this could be latitude or screen
-        * pixels, or any other sort of unit.
-        * @example
-        * var point = new Point(-77, 38);
-        */
-       function Point(x, y) {
-           this.x = x;
-           this.y = y;
-       }
+           if (!cache.ok) {
+             cache.moving = {};
+             cache.intersections = [];
+             cache.replacedVertex = {};
+             cache.startLoc = {};
+             cache.nodes = [];
+             cache.ways = [];
+             cacheEntities(moveIDs);
+             cacheIntersections(cache.ways);
+             cache.nodes = cache.nodes.filter(canMove);
+             cache.ok = true;
+           }
+         } // Place a vertex where the moved vertex used to be, to preserve way shape..
+         //
+         //  Start:
+         //      b ---- e
+         //     / \
+         //    /   \
+         //   /     \
+         //  a       c
+         //
+         //      *               node '*' added to preserve shape
+         //     / \
+         //    /   b ---- e      way `b,e` moved here:
+         //   /     \
+         //  a       c
+         //
+         //
 
-       Point.prototype = {
 
-           /**
-            * Clone this point, returning a new point that can be modified
-            * without affecting the old one.
-            * @return {Point} the clone
-            */
-           clone: function() { return new Point(this.x, this.y); },
+         function replaceMovedVertex(nodeId, wayId, graph, delta) {
+           var way = graph.entity(wayId);
+           var moved = graph.entity(nodeId);
+           var movedIndex = way.nodes.indexOf(nodeId);
+           var len, prevIndex, nextIndex;
 
-           /**
-            * Add this point's x & y coordinates to another point,
-            * yielding a new point.
-            * @param {Point} p the other point
-            * @return {Point} output point
-            */
-           add:     function(p) { return this.clone()._add(p); },
+           if (way.isClosed()) {
+             len = way.nodes.length - 1;
+             prevIndex = (movedIndex + len - 1) % len;
+             nextIndex = (movedIndex + len + 1) % len;
+           } else {
+             len = way.nodes.length;
+             prevIndex = movedIndex - 1;
+             nextIndex = movedIndex + 1;
+           }
 
-           /**
-            * Subtract this point's x & y coordinates to from point,
-            * yielding a new point.
-            * @param {Point} p the other point
-            * @return {Point} output point
-            */
-           sub:     function(p) { return this.clone()._sub(p); },
+           var prev = graph.hasEntity(way.nodes[prevIndex]);
+           var next = graph.hasEntity(way.nodes[nextIndex]); // Don't add orig vertex at endpoint..
 
-           /**
-            * Multiply this point's x & y coordinates by point,
-            * yielding a new point.
-            * @param {Point} p the other point
-            * @return {Point} output point
-            */
-           multByPoint:    function(p) { return this.clone()._multByPoint(p); },
+           if (!prev || !next) return graph;
+           var key = wayId + '_' + nodeId;
+           var orig = cache.replacedVertex[key];
 
-           /**
-            * Divide this point's x & y coordinates by point,
-            * yielding a new point.
-            * @param {Point} p the other point
-            * @return {Point} output point
-            */
-           divByPoint:     function(p) { return this.clone()._divByPoint(p); },
+           if (!orig) {
+             orig = osmNode();
+             cache.replacedVertex[key] = orig;
+             cache.startLoc[orig.id] = cache.startLoc[nodeId];
+           }
 
-           /**
-            * Multiply this point's x & y coordinates by a factor,
-            * yielding a new point.
-            * @param {Point} k factor
-            * @return {Point} output point
-            */
-           mult:    function(k) { return this.clone()._mult(k); },
+           var start, end;
 
-           /**
-            * Divide this point's x & y coordinates by a factor,
-            * yielding a new point.
-            * @param {Point} k factor
-            * @return {Point} output point
-            */
-           div:     function(k) { return this.clone()._div(k); },
+           if (delta) {
+             start = projection(cache.startLoc[nodeId]);
+             end = projection.invert(geoVecAdd(start, delta));
+           } else {
+             end = cache.startLoc[nodeId];
+           }
 
-           /**
-            * Rotate this point around the 0, 0 origin by an angle a,
-            * given in radians
-            * @param {Number} a angle to rotate around, in radians
-            * @return {Point} output point
-            */
-           rotate:  function(a) { return this.clone()._rotate(a); },
+           orig = orig.move(end);
+           var angle = Math.abs(geoAngle(orig, prev, projection) - geoAngle(orig, next, projection)) * 180 / Math.PI; // Don't add orig vertex if it would just make a straight line..
 
-           /**
-            * Rotate this point around p point by an angle a,
-            * given in radians
-            * @param {Number} a angle to rotate around, in radians
-            * @param {Point} p Point to rotate around
-            * @return {Point} output point
-            */
-           rotateAround:  function(a,p) { return this.clone()._rotateAround(a,p); },
+           if (angle > 175 && angle < 185) return graph; // moving forward or backward along way?
 
-           /**
-            * Multiply this point by a 4x1 transformation matrix
-            * @param {Array<Number>} m transformation matrix
-            * @return {Point} output point
-            */
-           matMult: function(m) { return this.clone()._matMult(m); },
+           var p1 = [prev.loc, orig.loc, moved.loc, next.loc].map(projection);
+           var p2 = [prev.loc, moved.loc, orig.loc, next.loc].map(projection);
+           var d1 = geoPathLength(p1);
+           var d2 = geoPathLength(p2);
+           var insertAt = d1 <= d2 ? movedIndex : nextIndex; // moving around closed loop?
 
-           /**
-            * Calculate this point but as a unit vector from 0, 0, meaning
-            * that the distance from the resulting point to the 0, 0
-            * coordinate will be equal to 1 and the angle from the resulting
-            * point to the 0, 0 coordinate will be the same as before.
-            * @return {Point} unit vector point
-            */
-           unit:    function() { return this.clone()._unit(); },
+           if (way.isClosed() && insertAt === 0) insertAt = len;
+           way = way.addNode(orig.id, insertAt);
+           return graph.replace(orig).replace(way);
+         } // Remove duplicate vertex that might have been added by
+         // replaceMovedVertex.  This is done after the unzorro checks.
 
-           /**
-            * Compute a perpendicular point, where the new y coordinate
-            * is the old x coordinate and the new x coordinate is the old y
-            * coordinate multiplied by -1
-            * @return {Point} perpendicular point
-            */
-           perp:    function() { return this.clone()._perp(); },
 
-           /**
-            * Return a version of this point with the x & y coordinates
-            * rounded to integers.
-            * @return {Point} rounded point
-            */
-           round:   function() { return this.clone()._round(); },
+         function removeDuplicateVertices(wayId, graph) {
+           var way = graph.entity(wayId);
+           var epsilon = 1e-6;
+           var prev, curr;
 
-           /**
-            * Return the magitude of this point: this is the Euclidean
-            * distance from the 0, 0 coordinate to this point's x and y
-            * coordinates.
-            * @return {Number} magnitude
-            */
-           mag: function() {
-               return Math.sqrt(this.x * this.x + this.y * this.y);
-           },
+           function isInteresting(node, graph) {
+             return graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 || graph.parentRelations(node).length || node.hasInterestingTags();
+           }
 
-           /**
-            * Judge whether this point is equal to another point, returning
-            * true or false.
-            * @param {Point} other the other point
-            * @return {boolean} whether the points are equal
-            */
-           equals: function(other) {
-               return this.x === other.x &&
-                      this.y === other.y;
-           },
+           for (var i = 0; i < way.nodes.length; i++) {
+             curr = graph.entity(way.nodes[i]);
 
-           /**
-            * Calculate the distance from this point to another point
-            * @param {Point} p the other point
-            * @return {Number} distance
-            */
-           dist: function(p) {
-               return Math.sqrt(this.distSqr(p));
-           },
+             if (prev && curr && geoVecEqual(prev.loc, curr.loc, epsilon)) {
+               if (!isInteresting(prev, graph)) {
+                 way = way.removeNode(prev.id);
+                 graph = graph.replace(way).remove(prev);
+               } else if (!isInteresting(curr, graph)) {
+                 way = way.removeNode(curr.id);
+                 graph = graph.replace(way).remove(curr);
+               }
+             }
 
-           /**
-            * Calculate the distance from this point to another point,
-            * without the square root step. Useful if you're comparing
-            * relative distances.
-            * @param {Point} p the other point
-            * @return {Number} distance
-            */
-           distSqr: function(p) {
-               var dx = p.x - this.x,
-                   dy = p.y - this.y;
-               return dx * dx + dy * dy;
-           },
+             prev = curr;
+           }
 
-           /**
-            * Get the angle from the 0, 0 coordinate to this point, in radians
-            * coordinates.
-            * @return {Number} angle
-            */
-           angle: function() {
-               return Math.atan2(this.y, this.x);
-           },
+           return graph;
+         } // Reorder nodes around intersections that have moved..
+         //
+         //  Start:                way1.nodes: b,e         (moving)
+         //  a - b - c ----- d     way2.nodes: a,b,c,d     (static)
+         //      |                 vertex: b
+         //      e                 isEP1: true,  isEP2, false
+         //
+         //  way1 `b,e` moved here:
+         //  a ----- c = b - d
+         //              |
+         //              e
+         //
+         //  reorder nodes         way1.nodes: b,e
+         //  a ----- c - b - d     way2.nodes: a,c,b,d
+         //              |
+         //              e
+         //
 
-           /**
-            * Get the angle from this point to another point, in radians
-            * @param {Point} b the other point
-            * @return {Number} angle
-            */
-           angleTo: function(b) {
-               return Math.atan2(this.y - b.y, this.x - b.x);
-           },
 
-           /**
-            * Get the angle between this point and another point, in radians
-            * @param {Point} b the other point
-            * @return {Number} angle
-            */
-           angleWith: function(b) {
-               return this.angleWithSep(b.x, b.y);
-           },
+         function unZorroIntersection(intersection, graph) {
+           var vertex = graph.entity(intersection.nodeId);
+           var way1 = graph.entity(intersection.movedId);
+           var way2 = graph.entity(intersection.unmovedId);
+           var isEP1 = intersection.movedIsEP;
+           var isEP2 = intersection.unmovedIsEP; // don't move the vertex if it is the endpoint of both ways.
 
-           /*
-            * Find the angle of the two vectors, solving the formula for
-            * the cross product a x b = |a||b|sin(θ) for θ.
-            * @param {Number} x the x-coordinate
-            * @param {Number} y the y-coordinate
-            * @return {Number} the angle in radians
-            */
-           angleWithSep: function(x, y) {
-               return Math.atan2(
-                   this.x * y - this.y * x,
-                   this.x * x + this.y * y);
-           },
+           if (isEP1 && isEP2) return graph;
+           var nodes1 = graph.childNodes(way1).filter(function (n) {
+             return n !== vertex;
+           });
+           var nodes2 = graph.childNodes(way2).filter(function (n) {
+             return n !== vertex;
+           });
+           if (way1.isClosed() && way1.first() === vertex.id) nodes1.push(nodes1[0]);
+           if (way2.isClosed() && way2.first() === vertex.id) nodes2.push(nodes2[0]);
+           var edge1 = !isEP1 && geoChooseEdge(nodes1, projection(vertex.loc), projection);
+           var edge2 = !isEP2 && geoChooseEdge(nodes2, projection(vertex.loc), projection);
+           var loc; // snap vertex to nearest edge (or some point between them)..
+
+           if (!isEP1 && !isEP2) {
+             var epsilon = 1e-6,
+                 maxIter = 10;
+
+             for (var i = 0; i < maxIter; i++) {
+               loc = geoVecInterp(edge1.loc, edge2.loc, 0.5);
+               edge1 = geoChooseEdge(nodes1, projection(loc), projection);
+               edge2 = geoChooseEdge(nodes2, projection(loc), projection);
+               if (Math.abs(edge1.distance - edge2.distance) < epsilon) break;
+             }
+           } else if (!isEP1) {
+             loc = edge1.loc;
+           } else {
+             loc = edge2.loc;
+           }
 
-           _matMult: function(m) {
-               var x = m[0] * this.x + m[1] * this.y,
-                   y = m[2] * this.x + m[3] * this.y;
-               this.x = x;
-               this.y = y;
-               return this;
-           },
+           graph = graph.replace(vertex.move(loc)); // if zorro happened, reorder nodes..
 
-           _add: function(p) {
-               this.x += p.x;
-               this.y += p.y;
-               return this;
-           },
+           if (!isEP1 && edge1.index !== way1.nodes.indexOf(vertex.id)) {
+             way1 = way1.removeNode(vertex.id).addNode(vertex.id, edge1.index);
+             graph = graph.replace(way1);
+           }
 
-           _sub: function(p) {
-               this.x -= p.x;
-               this.y -= p.y;
-               return this;
-           },
+           if (!isEP2 && edge2.index !== way2.nodes.indexOf(vertex.id)) {
+             way2 = way2.removeNode(vertex.id).addNode(vertex.id, edge2.index);
+             graph = graph.replace(way2);
+           }
 
-           _mult: function(k) {
-               this.x *= k;
-               this.y *= k;
-               return this;
-           },
+           return graph;
+         }
 
-           _div: function(k) {
-               this.x /= k;
-               this.y /= k;
-               return this;
-           },
+         function cleanupIntersections(graph) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < cache.intersections.length; i++) {
+             var obj = cache.intersections[i];
+             graph = replaceMovedVertex(obj.nodeId, obj.movedId, graph, _delta);
+             graph = replaceMovedVertex(obj.nodeId, obj.unmovedId, graph, null);
+             graph = unZorroIntersection(obj, graph);
+             graph = removeDuplicateVertices(obj.movedId, graph);
+             graph = removeDuplicateVertices(obj.unmovedId, graph);
+           }
 
-           _multByPoint: function(p) {
-               this.x *= p.x;
-               this.y *= p.y;
-               return this;
-           },
+           return graph;
+         } // check if moving way endpoint can cross an unmoved way, if so limit delta..
 
-           _divByPoint: function(p) {
-               this.x /= p.x;
-               this.y /= p.y;
-               return this;
-           },
 
-           _unit: function() {
-               this._div(this.mag());
-               return this;
-           },
+         function limitDelta(graph) {
+           function moveNode(loc) {
+             return geoVecAdd(projection(loc), _delta);
+           }
 
-           _perp: function() {
-               var y = this.y;
-               this.y = this.x;
-               this.x = -y;
-               return this;
-           },
+           for (var i = 0; i < cache.intersections.length; i++) {
+             var obj = cache.intersections[i]; // Don't limit movement if this is vertex joins 2 endpoints..
 
-           _rotate: function(angle) {
-               var cos = Math.cos(angle),
-                   sin = Math.sin(angle),
-                   x = cos * this.x - sin * this.y,
-                   y = sin * this.x + cos * this.y;
-               this.x = x;
-               this.y = y;
-               return this;
-           },
+             if (obj.movedIsEP && obj.unmovedIsEP) continue; // Don't limit movement if this vertex is not an endpoint anyway..
 
-           _rotateAround: function(angle, p) {
-               var cos = Math.cos(angle),
-                   sin = Math.sin(angle),
-                   x = p.x + cos * (this.x - p.x) - sin * (this.y - p.y),
-                   y = p.y + sin * (this.x - p.x) + cos * (this.y - p.y);
-               this.x = x;
-               this.y = y;
-               return this;
-           },
+             if (!obj.movedIsEP) continue;
+             var node = graph.entity(obj.nodeId);
+             var start = projection(node.loc);
+             var end = geoVecAdd(start, _delta);
+             var movedNodes = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(obj.movedId));
+             var movedPath = movedNodes.map(function (n) {
+               return moveNode(n.loc);
+             });
+             var unmovedNodes = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(obj.unmovedId));
+             var unmovedPath = unmovedNodes.map(function (n) {
+               return projection(n.loc);
+             });
+             var hits = geoPathIntersections(movedPath, unmovedPath);
 
-           _round: function() {
-               this.x = Math.round(this.x);
-               this.y = Math.round(this.y);
-               return this;
+             for (var j = 0; i < hits.length; i++) {
+               if (geoVecEqual(hits[j], end)) continue;
+               var edge = geoChooseEdge(unmovedNodes, end, projection);
+               _delta = geoVecSubtract(projection(edge.loc), start);
+             }
            }
-       };
+         }
 
-       /**
-        * Construct a point from an array if necessary, otherwise if the input
-        * is already a Point, or an unknown type, return it unchanged
-        * @param {Array<Number>|Point|*} a any kind of input value
-        * @return {Point} constructed point, or passed-through value.
-        * @example
-        * // this
-        * var point = Point.convert([0, 1]);
-        * // is equivalent to
-        * var point = new Point(0, 1);
-        */
-       Point.convert = function (a) {
-           if (a instanceof Point) {
-               return a;
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           if (_delta[0] === 0 && _delta[1] === 0) return graph;
+           setupCache(graph);
+
+           if (cache.intersections.length) {
+             limitDelta(graph);
            }
-           if (Array.isArray(a)) {
-               return new Point(a[0], a[1]);
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < cache.nodes.length; i++) {
+             var node = graph.entity(cache.nodes[i]);
+             var start = projection(node.loc);
+             var end = geoVecAdd(start, _delta);
+             graph = graph.replace(node.move(projection.invert(end)));
            }
-           return a;
-       };
 
-       var vectortilefeature = VectorTileFeature;
+           if (cache.intersections.length) {
+             graph = cleanupIntersections(graph);
+           }
 
-       function VectorTileFeature(pbf, end, extent, keys, values) {
-           // Public
-           this.properties = {};
-           this.extent = extent;
-           this.type = 0;
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-           // Private
-           this._pbf = pbf;
-           this._geometry = -1;
-           this._keys = keys;
-           this._values = values;
+         action.delta = function () {
+           return _delta;
+         };
 
-           pbf.readFields(readFeature, this, end);
+         return action;
        }
 
-       function readFeature(tag, feature, pbf) {
-           if (tag == 1) feature.id = pbf.readVarint();
-           else if (tag == 2) readTag(pbf, feature);
-           else if (tag == 3) feature.type = pbf.readVarint();
-           else if (tag == 4) feature._geometry = pbf.pos;
+       function actionMoveMember(relationId, fromIndex, toIndex) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           return graph.replace(graph.entity(relationId).moveMember(fromIndex, toIndex));
+         };
        }
 
-       function readTag(pbf, feature) {
-           var end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos;
+       function actionMoveNode(nodeID, toLoc) {
+         var action = function action(graph, t) {
+           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
+           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
+           var node = graph.entity(nodeID);
+           return graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, toLoc, t)));
+         };
 
-           while (pbf.pos < end) {
-               var key = feature._keys[pbf.readVarint()],
-                   value = feature._values[pbf.readVarint()];
-               feature.properties[key] = value;
-           }
+         action.transitionable = true;
+         return action;
        }
 
-       VectorTileFeature.types = ['Unknown', 'Point', 'LineString', 'Polygon'];
+       function actionNoop() {
+         return function (graph) {
+           return graph;
+         };
+       }
 
-       VectorTileFeature.prototype.loadGeometry = function() {
-           var pbf = this._pbf;
-           pbf.pos = this._geometry;
+       function actionOrthogonalize(wayID, projection, vertexID, degThresh, ep) {
+         var epsilon = ep || 1e-4;
+         var threshold = degThresh || 13; // degrees within right or straight to alter
+         // We test normalized dot products so we can compare as cos(angle)
 
-           var end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos,
-               cmd = 1,
-               length = 0,
-               x = 0,
-               y = 0,
-               lines = [],
-               line;
+         var lowerThreshold = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180);
+         var upperThreshold = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180);
 
-           while (pbf.pos < end) {
-               if (length <= 0) {
-                   var cmdLen = pbf.readVarint();
-                   cmd = cmdLen & 0x7;
-                   length = cmdLen >> 3;
-               }
+         var action = function action(graph, t) {
+           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
+           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
+           var way = graph.entity(wayID);
+           way = way.removeNode(''); // sanity check - remove any consecutive duplicates
 
-               length--;
+           if (way.tags.nonsquare) {
+             var tags = Object.assign({}, way.tags); // since we're squaring, remove indication that this is physically unsquare
 
-               if (cmd === 1 || cmd === 2) {
-                   x += pbf.readSVarint();
-                   y += pbf.readSVarint();
+             delete tags.nonsquare;
+             way = way.update({
+               tags: tags
+             });
+           }
 
-                   if (cmd === 1) { // moveTo
-                       if (line) lines.push(line);
-                       line = [];
-                   }
+           graph = graph.replace(way);
+           var isClosed = way.isClosed();
+           var nodes = graph.childNodes(way).slice(); // shallow copy
 
-                   line.push(new pointGeometry(x, y));
+           if (isClosed) nodes.pop();
 
-               } else if (cmd === 7) {
+           if (vertexID !== undefined) {
+             nodes = nodeSubset(nodes, vertexID, isClosed);
+             if (nodes.length !== 3) return graph;
+           } // note: all geometry functions here use the unclosed node/point/coord list
 
-                   // Workaround for https://github.com/mapbox/mapnik-vector-tile/issues/90
-                   if (line) {
-                       line.push(line[0].clone()); // closePolygon
-                   }
 
-               } else {
-                   throw new Error('unknown command ' + cmd);
-               }
+           var nodeCount = {};
+           var points = [];
+           var corner = {
+             i: 0,
+             dotp: 1
+           };
+           var node, point, loc, score, motions, i, j;
+
+           for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
+             node = nodes[i];
+             nodeCount[node.id] = (nodeCount[node.id] || 0) + 1;
+             points.push({
+               id: node.id,
+               coord: projection(node.loc)
+             });
            }
 
-           if (line) lines.push(line);
+           if (points.length === 3) {
+             // move only one vertex for right triangle
+             for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+               motions = points.map(calcMotion);
+               points[corner.i].coord = geoVecAdd(points[corner.i].coord, motions[corner.i]);
+               score = corner.dotp;
 
-           return lines;
-       };
+               if (score < epsilon) {
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
+
+             node = graph.entity(nodes[corner.i].id);
+             loc = projection.invert(points[corner.i].coord);
+             graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc, t)));
+           } else {
+             var straights = [];
+             var simplified = []; // Remove points from nearly straight sections..
+             // This produces a simplified shape to orthogonalize
 
-       VectorTileFeature.prototype.bbox = function() {
-           var pbf = this._pbf;
-           pbf.pos = this._geometry;
+             for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
+               point = points[i];
+               var dotp = 0;
 
-           var end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos,
-               cmd = 1,
-               length = 0,
-               x = 0,
-               y = 0,
-               x1 = Infinity,
-               x2 = -Infinity,
-               y1 = Infinity,
-               y2 = -Infinity;
+               if (isClosed || i > 0 && i < points.length - 1) {
+                 var a = points[(i - 1 + points.length) % points.length];
+                 var b = points[(i + 1) % points.length];
+                 dotp = Math.abs(geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a.coord, b.coord, point.coord));
+               }
 
-           while (pbf.pos < end) {
-               if (length <= 0) {
-                   var cmdLen = pbf.readVarint();
-                   cmd = cmdLen & 0x7;
-                   length = cmdLen >> 3;
+               if (dotp > upperThreshold) {
+                 straights.push(point);
+               } else {
+                 simplified.push(point);
                }
+             } // Orthogonalize the simplified shape
 
-               length--;
 
-               if (cmd === 1 || cmd === 2) {
-                   x += pbf.readSVarint();
-                   y += pbf.readSVarint();
-                   if (x < x1) x1 = x;
-                   if (x > x2) x2 = x;
-                   if (y < y1) y1 = y;
-                   if (y > y2) y2 = y;
+             var bestPoints = clonePoints(simplified);
+             var originalPoints = clonePoints(simplified);
+             score = Infinity;
 
-               } else if (cmd !== 7) {
-                   throw new Error('unknown command ' + cmd);
-               }
-           }
+             for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+               motions = simplified.map(calcMotion);
 
-           return [x1, y1, x2, y2];
-       };
+               for (j = 0; j < motions.length; j++) {
+                 simplified[j].coord = geoVecAdd(simplified[j].coord, motions[j]);
+               }
 
-       VectorTileFeature.prototype.toGeoJSON = function(x, y, z) {
-           var size = this.extent * Math.pow(2, z),
-               x0 = this.extent * x,
-               y0 = this.extent * y,
-               coords = this.loadGeometry(),
-               type = VectorTileFeature.types[this.type],
-               i, j;
+               var newScore = geoOrthoCalcScore(simplified, isClosed, epsilon, threshold);
 
-           function project(line) {
-               for (var j = 0; j < line.length; j++) {
-                   var p = line[j], y2 = 180 - (p.y + y0) * 360 / size;
-                   line[j] = [
-                       (p.x + x0) * 360 / size - 180,
-                       360 / Math.PI * Math.atan(Math.exp(y2 * Math.PI / 180)) - 90
-                   ];
+               if (newScore < score) {
+                 bestPoints = clonePoints(simplified);
+                 score = newScore;
                }
-           }
 
-           switch (this.type) {
-           case 1:
-               var points = [];
-               for (i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
-                   points[i] = coords[i][0];
+               if (score < epsilon) {
+                 break;
                }
-               coords = points;
-               project(coords);
-               break;
+             }
 
-           case 2:
-               for (i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
-                   project(coords[i]);
+             var bestCoords = bestPoints.map(function (p) {
+               return p.coord;
+             });
+             if (isClosed) bestCoords.push(bestCoords[0]); // move the nodes that should move
+
+             for (i = 0; i < bestPoints.length; i++) {
+               point = bestPoints[i];
+
+               if (!geoVecEqual(originalPoints[i].coord, point.coord)) {
+                 node = graph.entity(point.id);
+                 loc = projection.invert(point.coord);
+                 graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc, t)));
                }
-               break;
+             } // move the nodes along straight segments
 
-           case 3:
-               coords = classifyRings(coords);
-               for (i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
-                   for (j = 0; j < coords[i].length; j++) {
-                       project(coords[i][j]);
-                   }
+
+             for (i = 0; i < straights.length; i++) {
+               point = straights[i];
+               if (nodeCount[point.id] > 1) continue; // skip self-intersections
+
+               node = graph.entity(point.id);
+
+               if (t === 1 && graph.parentWays(node).length === 1 && graph.parentRelations(node).length === 0 && !node.hasInterestingTags()) {
+                 // remove uninteresting points..
+                 graph = actionDeleteNode(node.id)(graph);
+               } else {
+                 // move interesting points to the nearest edge..
+                 var choice = geoVecProject(point.coord, bestCoords);
+
+                 if (choice) {
+                   loc = projection.invert(choice.target);
+                   graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc, t)));
+                 }
                }
-               break;
+             }
            }
 
-           if (coords.length === 1) {
-               coords = coords[0];
-           } else {
-               type = 'Multi' + type;
+           return graph;
+
+           function clonePoints(array) {
+             return array.map(function (p) {
+               return {
+                 id: p.id,
+                 coord: [p.coord[0], p.coord[1]]
+               };
+             });
            }
 
-           var result = {
-               type: "Feature",
-               geometry: {
-                   type: type,
-                   coordinates: coords
-               },
-               properties: this.properties
-           };
+           function calcMotion(point, i, array) {
+             // don't try to move the endpoints of a non-closed way.
+             if (!isClosed && (i === 0 || i === array.length - 1)) return [0, 0]; // don't try to move a node that appears more than once (self intersection)
+
+             if (nodeCount[array[i].id] > 1) return [0, 0];
+             var a = array[(i - 1 + array.length) % array.length].coord;
+             var origin = point.coord;
+             var b = array[(i + 1) % array.length].coord;
+             var p = geoVecSubtract(a, origin);
+             var q = geoVecSubtract(b, origin);
+             var scale = 2 * Math.min(geoVecLength(p), geoVecLength(q));
+             p = geoVecNormalize(p);
+             q = geoVecNormalize(q);
+             var dotp = p[0] * q[0] + p[1] * q[1];
+             var val = Math.abs(dotp);
+
+             if (val < lowerThreshold) {
+               // nearly orthogonal
+               corner.i = i;
+               corner.dotp = val;
+               var vec = geoVecNormalize(geoVecAdd(p, q));
+               return geoVecScale(vec, 0.1 * dotp * scale);
+             }
 
-           if ('id' in this) {
-               result.id = this.id;
+             return [0, 0]; // do nothing
            }
+         }; // if we are only orthogonalizing one vertex,
+         // get that vertex and the previous and next
 
-           return result;
-       };
 
-       // classifies an array of rings into polygons with outer rings and holes
+         function nodeSubset(nodes, vertexID, isClosed) {
+           var first = isClosed ? 0 : 1;
+           var last = isClosed ? nodes.length : nodes.length - 1;
 
-       function classifyRings(rings) {
-           var len = rings.length;
+           for (var i = first; i < last; i++) {
+             if (nodes[i].id === vertexID) {
+               return [nodes[(i - 1 + nodes.length) % nodes.length], nodes[i], nodes[(i + 1) % nodes.length]];
+             }
+           }
 
-           if (len <= 1) return [rings];
+           return [];
+         }
 
-           var polygons = [],
-               polygon,
-               ccw;
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           var way = graph.entity(wayID);
+           way = way.removeNode(''); // sanity check - remove any consecutive duplicates
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-               var area = signedArea$1(rings[i]);
-               if (area === 0) continue;
+           graph = graph.replace(way);
+           var isClosed = way.isClosed();
+           var nodes = graph.childNodes(way).slice(); // shallow copy
 
-               if (ccw === undefined) ccw = area < 0;
+           if (isClosed) nodes.pop();
+           var allowStraightAngles = false;
 
-               if (ccw === area < 0) {
-                   if (polygon) polygons.push(polygon);
-                   polygon = [rings[i]];
+           if (vertexID !== undefined) {
+             allowStraightAngles = true;
+             nodes = nodeSubset(nodes, vertexID, isClosed);
+             if (nodes.length !== 3) return 'end_vertex';
+           }
 
-               } else {
-                   polygon.push(rings[i]);
-               }
+           var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var score = geoOrthoCanOrthogonalize(coords, isClosed, epsilon, threshold, allowStraightAngles);
+
+           if (score === null) {
+             return 'not_squarish';
+           } else if (score === 0) {
+             return 'square_enough';
+           } else {
+             return false;
            }
-           if (polygon) polygons.push(polygon);
+         };
 
-           return polygons;
+         action.transitionable = true;
+         return action;
        }
 
-       function signedArea$1(ring) {
-           var sum = 0;
-           for (var i = 0, len = ring.length, j = len - 1, p1, p2; i < len; j = i++) {
-               p1 = ring[i];
-               p2 = ring[j];
-               sum += (p2.x - p1.x) * (p1.y + p2.y);
+       //
+       // `turn` must be an `osmTurn` object
+       // see osm/intersection.js, pathToTurn()
+       //
+       // This specifies a restriction of type `restriction` when traveling from
+       // `turn.from.way` toward `turn.to.way` via `turn.via.node` OR `turn.via.ways`.
+       // (The action does not check that these entities form a valid intersection.)
+       //
+       // From, to, and via ways should be split before calling this action.
+       // (old versions of the code would split the ways here, but we no longer do it)
+       //
+       // For testing convenience, accepts a restrictionID to assign to the new
+       // relation. Normally, this will be undefined and the relation will
+       // automatically be assigned a new ID.
+       //
+
+       function actionRestrictTurn(turn, restrictionType, restrictionID) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           var fromWay = graph.entity(turn.from.way);
+           var toWay = graph.entity(turn.to.way);
+           var viaNode = turn.via.node && graph.entity(turn.via.node);
+           var viaWays = turn.via.ways && turn.via.ways.map(function (id) {
+             return graph.entity(id);
+           });
+           var members = [];
+           members.push({
+             id: fromWay.id,
+             type: 'way',
+             role: 'from'
+           });
+
+           if (viaNode) {
+             members.push({
+               id: viaNode.id,
+               type: 'node',
+               role: 'via'
+             });
+           } else if (viaWays) {
+             viaWays.forEach(function (viaWay) {
+               members.push({
+                 id: viaWay.id,
+                 type: 'way',
+                 role: 'via'
+               });
+             });
            }
-           return sum;
+
+           members.push({
+             id: toWay.id,
+             type: 'way',
+             role: 'to'
+           });
+           return graph.replace(osmRelation({
+             id: restrictionID,
+             tags: {
+               type: 'restriction',
+               restriction: restrictionType
+             },
+             members: members
+           }));
+         };
        }
 
-       var vectortilelayer = VectorTileLayer;
+       function actionRevert(id) {
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           var entity = graph.hasEntity(id),
+               base = graph.base().entities[id];
+
+           if (entity && !base) {
+             // entity will be removed..
+             if (entity.type === 'node') {
+               graph.parentWays(entity).forEach(function (parent) {
+                 parent = parent.removeNode(id);
+                 graph = graph.replace(parent);
+
+                 if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
+                   graph = actionDeleteWay(parent.id)(graph);
+                 }
+               });
+             }
 
-       function VectorTileLayer(pbf, end) {
-           // Public
-           this.version = 1;
-           this.name = null;
-           this.extent = 4096;
-           this.length = 0;
+             graph.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function (parent) {
+               parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(id);
+               graph = graph.replace(parent);
 
-           // Private
-           this._pbf = pbf;
-           this._keys = [];
-           this._values = [];
-           this._features = [];
+               if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
+                 graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
+               }
+             });
+           }
 
-           pbf.readFields(readLayer, this, end);
+           return graph.revert(id);
+         };
 
-           this.length = this._features.length;
+         return action;
        }
 
-       function readLayer(tag, layer, pbf) {
-           if (tag === 15) layer.version = pbf.readVarint();
-           else if (tag === 1) layer.name = pbf.readString();
-           else if (tag === 5) layer.extent = pbf.readVarint();
-           else if (tag === 2) layer._features.push(pbf.pos);
-           else if (tag === 3) layer._keys.push(pbf.readString());
-           else if (tag === 4) layer._values.push(readValueMessage(pbf));
+       function actionRotate(rotateIds, pivot, angle, projection) {
+         var action = function action(graph) {
+           return graph.update(function (graph) {
+             utilGetAllNodes(rotateIds, graph).forEach(function (node) {
+               var point = geoRotate([projection(node.loc)], angle, pivot)[0];
+               graph = graph.replace(node.move(projection.invert(point)));
+             });
+           });
+         };
+
+         return action;
        }
 
-       function readValueMessage(pbf) {
-           var value = null,
-               end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos;
+       function actionScale(ids, pivotLoc, scaleFactor, projection) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           return graph.update(function (graph) {
+             var point, radial;
+             utilGetAllNodes(ids, graph).forEach(function (node) {
+               point = projection(node.loc);
+               radial = [point[0] - pivotLoc[0], point[1] - pivotLoc[1]];
+               point = [pivotLoc[0] + scaleFactor * radial[0], pivotLoc[1] + scaleFactor * radial[1]];
+               graph = graph.replace(node.move(projection.invert(point)));
+             });
+           });
+         };
+       }
 
-           while (pbf.pos < end) {
-               var tag = pbf.readVarint() >> 3;
+       /* Align nodes along their common axis */
 
-               value = tag === 1 ? pbf.readString() :
-                   tag === 2 ? pbf.readFloat() :
-                   tag === 3 ? pbf.readDouble() :
-                   tag === 4 ? pbf.readVarint64() :
-                   tag === 5 ? pbf.readVarint() :
-                   tag === 6 ? pbf.readSVarint() :
-                   tag === 7 ? pbf.readBoolean() : null;
-           }
+       function actionStraightenNodes(nodeIDs, projection) {
+         function positionAlongWay(a, o, b) {
+           return geoVecDot(a, b, o) / geoVecDot(b, b, o);
+         } // returns the endpoints of the long axis of symmetry of the `points` bounding rect
 
-           return value;
-       }
 
-       // return feature `i` from this layer as a `VectorTileFeature`
-       VectorTileLayer.prototype.feature = function(i) {
-           if (i < 0 || i >= this._features.length) throw new Error('feature index out of bounds');
+         function getEndpoints(points) {
+           var ssr = geoGetSmallestSurroundingRectangle(points); // Choose line pq = axis of symmetry.
+           // The shape's surrounding rectangle has 2 axes of symmetry.
+           // Snap points to the long axis
 
-           this._pbf.pos = this._features[i];
+           var p1 = [(ssr.poly[0][0] + ssr.poly[1][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[0][1] + ssr.poly[1][1]) / 2];
+           var q1 = [(ssr.poly[2][0] + ssr.poly[3][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[2][1] + ssr.poly[3][1]) / 2];
+           var p2 = [(ssr.poly[3][0] + ssr.poly[4][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[3][1] + ssr.poly[4][1]) / 2];
+           var q2 = [(ssr.poly[1][0] + ssr.poly[2][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[1][1] + ssr.poly[2][1]) / 2];
+           var isLong = geoVecLength(p1, q1) > geoVecLength(p2, q2);
 
-           var end = this._pbf.readVarint() + this._pbf.pos;
-           return new vectortilefeature(this._pbf, end, this.extent, this._keys, this._values);
-       };
+           if (isLong) {
+             return [p1, q1];
+           }
 
-       var vectortile = VectorTile;
+           return [p2, q2];
+         }
 
-       function VectorTile(pbf, end) {
-           this.layers = pbf.readFields(readTile, {}, end);
-       }
+         var action = function action(graph, t) {
+           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
+           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
+           var nodes = nodeIDs.map(function (id) {
+             return graph.entity(id);
+           });
+           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var endpoints = getEndpoints(points);
+           var startPoint = endpoints[0];
+           var endPoint = endpoints[1]; // Move points onto the line connecting the endpoints
 
-       function readTile(tag, layers, pbf) {
-           if (tag === 3) {
-               var layer = new vectortilelayer(pbf, pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos);
-               if (layer.length) layers[layer.name] = layer;
+           for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
+             var node = nodes[i];
+             var point = points[i];
+             var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
+             var point2 = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
+             var loc2 = projection.invert(point2);
+             graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc2, t)));
            }
-       }
 
-       var VectorTile$1 = vectortile;
-       var VectorTileFeature$1 = vectortilefeature;
-       var VectorTileLayer$1 = vectortilelayer;
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-       var vectorTile = {
-               VectorTile: VectorTile$1,
-               VectorTileFeature: VectorTileFeature$1,
-               VectorTileLayer: VectorTileLayer$1
-       };
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           var nodes = nodeIDs.map(function (id) {
+             return graph.entity(id);
+           });
+           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var endpoints = getEndpoints(points);
+           var startPoint = endpoints[0];
+           var endPoint = endpoints[1];
+           var maxDistance = 0;
 
-       var tiler$7 = utilTiler().tileSize(512).margin(1);
-       var dispatch$8 = dispatch('loadedData');
-       var _vtCache;
+           for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
+             var point = points[i];
+             var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
+             var p = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
+             var dist = geoVecLength(p, point);
 
+             if (!isNaN(dist) && dist > maxDistance) {
+               maxDistance = dist;
+             }
+           }
 
-       function abortRequest$7(controller) {
-           controller.abort();
+           if (maxDistance < 0.0001) {
+             return 'straight_enough';
+           }
+         };
+
+         action.transitionable = true;
+         return action;
        }
 
+       /*
+        * Based on https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/net/systemeD/potlatch2/tools/Straighten.as
+        */
+
+       function actionStraightenWay(selectedIDs, projection) {
+         function positionAlongWay(a, o, b) {
+           return geoVecDot(a, b, o) / geoVecDot(b, b, o);
+         } // Return all selected ways as a continuous, ordered array of nodes
+
 
-       function vtToGeoJSON(data, tile, mergeCache) {
-           var vectorTile$1 = new vectorTile.VectorTile(new pbf(data));
-           var layers = Object.keys(vectorTile$1.layers);
-           if (!Array.isArray(layers)) { layers = [layers]; }
-
-           var features = [];
-           layers.forEach(function(layerID) {
-               var layer = vectorTile$1.layers[layerID];
-               if (layer) {
-                   for (var i = 0; i < layer.length; i++) {
-                       var feature = layer.feature(i).toGeoJSON(tile.xyz[0], tile.xyz[1], tile.xyz[2]);
-                       var geometry = feature.geometry;
-
-                       // Treat all Polygons as MultiPolygons
-                       if (geometry.type === 'Polygon') {
-                           geometry.type = 'MultiPolygon';
-                           geometry.coordinates = [geometry.coordinates];
-                       }
+         function allNodes(graph) {
+           var nodes = [];
+           var startNodes = [];
+           var endNodes = [];
+           var remainingWays = [];
+           var selectedWays = selectedIDs.filter(function (w) {
+             return graph.entity(w).type === 'way';
+           });
+           var selectedNodes = selectedIDs.filter(function (n) {
+             return graph.entity(n).type === 'node';
+           });
 
-                       // Clip to tile bounds
-                       if (geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
-                           var isClipped = false;
-                           var featureClip = bboxClip_1(feature, tile.extent.rectangle());
-                           if (!fastDeepEqual(feature.geometry, featureClip.geometry)) {
-                               // feature = featureClip;
-                               isClipped = true;
-                           }
-                           if (!feature.geometry.coordinates.length) continue;   // not actually on this tile
-                           if (!feature.geometry.coordinates[0].length) continue;   // not actually on this tile
-                       }
+           for (var i = 0; i < selectedWays.length; i++) {
+             var way = graph.entity(selectedWays[i]);
+             nodes = way.nodes.slice(0);
+             remainingWays.push(nodes);
+             startNodes.push(nodes[0]);
+             endNodes.push(nodes[nodes.length - 1]);
+           } // Remove duplicate end/startNodes (duplicate nodes cannot be at the line end,
+           //   and need to be removed so currNode difference calculation below works)
+           // i.e. ["n-1", "n-1", "n-2"] => ["n-2"]
 
-                       // Generate some unique IDs and add some metadata
-                       var featurehash = utilHashcode(fastJsonStableStringify(feature));
-                       var propertyhash = utilHashcode(fastJsonStableStringify(feature.properties || {}));
-                       feature.__layerID__ = layerID.replace(/[^_a-zA-Z0-9\-]/g, '_');
-                       feature.__featurehash__ = featurehash;
-                       feature.__propertyhash__ = propertyhash;
-                       features.push(feature);
-
-                       // Clipped Polygons at same zoom with identical properties can get merged
-                       if (isClipped && geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
-                           var merged = mergeCache[propertyhash];
-                           if (merged && merged.length) {
-                               var other = merged[0];
-                               var coords = union(
-                                   feature.geometry.coordinates,
-                                   other.geometry.coordinates
-                               );
-
-                               if (!coords || !coords.length) {
-                                   continue;  // something failed in martinez union
-                               }
-
-                               merged.push(feature);
-                               for (var j = 0; j < merged.length; j++) {      // all these features get...
-                                   merged[j].geometry.coordinates = coords;   // same coords
-                                   merged[j].__featurehash__ = featurehash;   // same hash, so deduplication works
-                               }
-                           } else {
-                               mergeCache[propertyhash] = [feature];
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
-           });
 
-           return features;
-       }
+           startNodes = startNodes.filter(function (n) {
+             return startNodes.indexOf(n) === startNodes.lastIndexOf(n);
+           });
+           endNodes = endNodes.filter(function (n) {
+             return endNodes.indexOf(n) === endNodes.lastIndexOf(n);
+           }); // Choose the initial endpoint to start from
 
+           var currNode = utilArrayDifference(startNodes, endNodes).concat(utilArrayDifference(endNodes, startNodes))[0];
+           var nextWay = [];
+           nodes = []; // Create nested function outside of loop to avoid "function in loop" lint error
 
-       function loadTile(source, tile) {
-           if (source.loaded[tile.id] || source.inflight[tile.id]) return;
-
-           var url = source.template
-               .replace('{x}', tile.xyz[0])
-               .replace('{y}', tile.xyz[1])
-               // TMS-flipped y coordinate
-               .replace(/\{[t-]y\}/, Math.pow(2, tile.xyz[2]) - tile.xyz[1] - 1)
-               .replace(/\{z(oom)?\}/, tile.xyz[2])
-               .replace(/\{switch:([^}]+)\}/, function(s, r) {
-                   var subdomains = r.split(',');
-                   return subdomains[(tile.xyz[0] + tile.xyz[1]) % subdomains.length];
-               });
+           var getNextWay = function getNextWay(currNode, remainingWays) {
+             return remainingWays.filter(function (way) {
+               return way[0] === currNode || way[way.length - 1] === currNode;
+             })[0];
+           }; // Add nodes to end of nodes array, until all ways are added
 
 
-           var controller = new AbortController();
-           source.inflight[tile.id] = controller;
+           while (remainingWays.length) {
+             nextWay = getNextWay(currNode, remainingWays);
+             remainingWays = utilArrayDifference(remainingWays, [nextWay]);
 
-           fetch(url, { signal: controller.signal })
-               .then(function(response) {
-                   if (!response.ok) {
-                       throw new Error(response.status + ' ' + response.statusText);
-                   }
-                   source.loaded[tile.id] = [];
-                   delete source.inflight[tile.id];
-                   return response.arrayBuffer();
-               })
-               .then(function(data) {
-                   if (!data) {
-                       throw new Error('No Data');
-                   }
+             if (nextWay[0] !== currNode) {
+               nextWay.reverse();
+             }
 
-                   var z = tile.xyz[2];
-                   if (!source.canMerge[z]) {
-                       source.canMerge[z] = {};  // initialize mergeCache
-                   }
+             nodes = nodes.concat(nextWay);
+             currNode = nodes[nodes.length - 1];
+           } // If user selected 2 nodes to straighten between, then slice nodes array to those nodes
 
-                   source.loaded[tile.id] = vtToGeoJSON(data, tile, source.canMerge[z]);
-                   dispatch$8.call('loadedData');
-               })
-               .catch(function() {
-                   source.loaded[tile.id] = [];
-                   delete source.inflight[tile.id];
-               });
-       }
 
+           if (selectedNodes.length === 2) {
+             var startNodeIdx = nodes.indexOf(selectedNodes[0]);
+             var endNodeIdx = nodes.indexOf(selectedNodes[1]);
+             var sortedStartEnd = [startNodeIdx, endNodeIdx];
+             sortedStartEnd.sort(function (a, b) {
+               return a - b;
+             });
+             nodes = nodes.slice(sortedStartEnd[0], sortedStartEnd[1] + 1);
+           }
 
-       var serviceVectorTile = {
+           return nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return graph.entity(n);
+           });
+         }
 
-           init: function() {
-               if (!_vtCache) {
-                   this.reset();
-               }
+         function shouldKeepNode(node, graph) {
+           return graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 || graph.parentRelations(node).length || node.hasInterestingTags();
+         }
 
-               this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$8, 'on');
-           },
+         var action = function action(graph, t) {
+           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
+           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
+           var nodes = allNodes(graph);
+           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var startPoint = points[0];
+           var endPoint = points[points.length - 1];
+           var toDelete = [];
+           var i;
 
+           for (i = 1; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
+             var node = nodes[i];
+             var point = points[i];
 
-           reset: function() {
-               for (var sourceID in _vtCache) {
-                   var source = _vtCache[sourceID];
-                   if (source && source.inflight) {
-                       Object.values(source.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$7);
-                   }
+             if (t < 1 || shouldKeepNode(node, graph)) {
+               var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
+               var p = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
+               var loc2 = projection.invert(p);
+               graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc2, t)));
+             } else {
+               // safe to delete
+               if (toDelete.indexOf(node) === -1) {
+                 toDelete.push(node);
                }
+             }
+           }
 
-               _vtCache = {};
-           },
+           for (i = 0; i < toDelete.length; i++) {
+             graph = actionDeleteNode(toDelete[i].id)(graph);
+           }
 
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-           addSource: function(sourceID, template) {
-               _vtCache[sourceID] = { template: template, inflight: {}, loaded: {}, canMerge: {} };
-               return _vtCache[sourceID];
-           },
+         action.disabled = function (graph) {
+           // check way isn't too bendy
+           var nodes = allNodes(graph);
+           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var startPoint = points[0];
+           var endPoint = points[points.length - 1];
+           var threshold = 0.2 * geoVecLength(startPoint, endPoint);
+           var i;
 
+           if (threshold === 0) {
+             return 'too_bendy';
+           }
 
-           data: function(sourceID, projection) {
-               var source = _vtCache[sourceID];
-               if (!source) return [];
+           var maxDistance = 0;
 
-               var tiles = tiler$7.getTiles(projection);
-               var seen = {};
-               var results = [];
+           for (i = 1; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
+             var point = points[i];
+             var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
+             var p = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
+             var dist = geoVecLength(p, point); // to bendy if point is off by 20% of total start/end distance in projected space
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < tiles.length; i++) {
-                   var features = source.loaded[tiles[i].id];
-                   if (!features || !features.length) continue;
+             if (isNaN(dist) || dist > threshold) {
+               return 'too_bendy';
+             } else if (dist > maxDistance) {
+               maxDistance = dist;
+             }
+           }
 
-                   for (var j = 0; j < features.length; j++) {
-                       var feature = features[j];
-                       var hash = feature.__featurehash__;
-                       if (seen[hash]) continue;
-                       seen[hash] = true;
+           var keepingAllNodes = nodes.every(function (node, i) {
+             return i === 0 || i === nodes.length - 1 || shouldKeepNode(node, graph);
+           });
 
-                       // return a shallow copy, because the hash may change
-                       // later if this feature gets merged with another
-                       results.push(Object.assign({}, feature));  // shallow copy
-                   }
-               }
+           if (maxDistance < 0.0001 && // Allow straightening even if already straight in order to remove extraneous nodes
+           keepingAllNodes) {
+             return 'straight_enough';
+           }
+         };
 
-               return results;
-           },
+         action.transitionable = true;
+         return action;
+       }
 
+       //
+       // `turn` must be an `osmTurn` object with a `restrictionID` property.
+       // see osm/intersection.js, pathToTurn()
+       //
 
-           loadTiles: function(sourceID, template, projection) {
-               var source = _vtCache[sourceID];
-               if (!source) {
-                   source = this.addSource(sourceID, template);
-               }
+       function actionUnrestrictTurn(turn) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           return actionDeleteRelation(turn.restrictionID)(graph);
+         };
+       }
 
-               var tiles = tiler$7.getTiles(projection);
+       /* Reflect the given area around its axis of symmetry */
 
-               // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
-               Object.keys(source.inflight).forEach(function(k) {
-                   var wanted = tiles.find(function(tile) { return k === tile.id; });
-                   if (!wanted) {
-                       abortRequest$7(source.inflight[k]);
-                       delete source.inflight[k];
-                   }
-               });
+       function actionReflect(reflectIds, projection) {
+         var _useLongAxis = true;
+
+         var action = function action(graph, t) {
+           if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) t = 1;
+           t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);
+           var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(reflectIds, graph);
+           var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return projection(n.loc);
+           });
+           var ssr = geoGetSmallestSurroundingRectangle(points); // Choose line pq = axis of symmetry.
+           // The shape's surrounding rectangle has 2 axes of symmetry.
+           // Reflect across the longer axis by default.
+
+           var p1 = [(ssr.poly[0][0] + ssr.poly[1][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[0][1] + ssr.poly[1][1]) / 2];
+           var q1 = [(ssr.poly[2][0] + ssr.poly[3][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[2][1] + ssr.poly[3][1]) / 2];
+           var p2 = [(ssr.poly[3][0] + ssr.poly[4][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[3][1] + ssr.poly[4][1]) / 2];
+           var q2 = [(ssr.poly[1][0] + ssr.poly[2][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[1][1] + ssr.poly[2][1]) / 2];
+           var p, q;
+           var isLong = geoVecLength(p1, q1) > geoVecLength(p2, q2);
+
+           if (_useLongAxis && isLong || !_useLongAxis && !isLong) {
+             p = p1;
+             q = q1;
+           } else {
+             p = p2;
+             q = q2;
+           } // reflect c across pq
+           // http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/65503/point-reflection-over-a-line
 
-               tiles.forEach(function(tile) {
-                   loadTile(source, tile);
-               });
-           },
 
+           var dx = q[0] - p[0];
+           var dy = q[1] - p[1];
+           var a = (dx * dx - dy * dy) / (dx * dx + dy * dy);
+           var b = 2 * dx * dy / (dx * dx + dy * dy);
 
-           cache: function() {
-               return _vtCache;
+           for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
+             var node = nodes[i];
+             var c = projection(node.loc);
+             var c2 = [a * (c[0] - p[0]) + b * (c[1] - p[1]) + p[0], b * (c[0] - p[0]) - a * (c[1] - p[1]) + p[1]];
+             var loc2 = projection.invert(c2);
+             node = node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc2, t));
+             graph = graph.replace(node);
            }
 
-       };
+           return graph;
+         };
 
-       var apibase$5 = 'https://www.wikidata.org/w/api.php?';
-       var _wikidataCache = {};
+         action.useLongAxis = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _useLongAxis;
+           _useLongAxis = val;
+           return action;
+         };
 
+         action.transitionable = true;
+         return action;
+       }
 
-       var serviceWikidata = {
+       function actionUpgradeTags(entityId, oldTags, replaceTags) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           var entity = graph.entity(entityId);
+           var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
+
+           var transferValue;
+           var semiIndex;
+
+           for (var oldTagKey in oldTags) {
+             if (!(oldTagKey in tags)) continue; // wildcard match
+
+             if (oldTags[oldTagKey] === '*') {
+               // note the value since we might need to transfer it
+               transferValue = tags[oldTagKey];
+               delete tags[oldTagKey]; // exact match
+             } else if (oldTags[oldTagKey] === tags[oldTagKey]) {
+               delete tags[oldTagKey]; // match is within semicolon-delimited values
+             } else {
+               var vals = tags[oldTagKey].split(';').filter(Boolean);
+               var oldIndex = vals.indexOf(oldTags[oldTagKey]);
 
-           init: function() {},
+               if (vals.length === 1 || oldIndex === -1) {
+                 delete tags[oldTagKey];
+               } else {
+                 if (replaceTags && replaceTags[oldTagKey]) {
+                   // replacing a value within a semicolon-delimited value, note the index
+                   semiIndex = oldIndex;
+                 }
 
-           reset: function() {
-               _wikidataCache = {};
-           },
+                 vals.splice(oldIndex, 1);
+                 tags[oldTagKey] = vals.join(';');
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
+           if (replaceTags) {
+             for (var replaceKey in replaceTags) {
+               var replaceValue = replaceTags[replaceKey];
 
-           // Search for Wikidata items matching the query
-           itemsForSearchQuery: function(query, callback) {
-               if (!query) {
-                   if (callback) callback('No query', {});
-                   return;
+               if (replaceValue === '*') {
+                 if (tags[replaceKey] && tags[replaceKey] !== 'no') {
+                   // allow any pre-existing value except `no` (troll tag)
+                   continue;
+                 } else {
+                   // otherwise assume `yes` is okay
+                   tags[replaceKey] = 'yes';
+                 }
+               } else if (replaceValue === '$1') {
+                 tags[replaceKey] = transferValue;
+               } else {
+                 if (tags[replaceKey] && oldTags[replaceKey] && semiIndex !== undefined) {
+                   // don't override preexisting values
+                   var existingVals = tags[replaceKey].split(';').filter(Boolean);
+
+                   if (existingVals.indexOf(replaceValue) === -1) {
+                     existingVals.splice(semiIndex, 0, replaceValue);
+                     tags[replaceKey] = existingVals.join(';');
+                   }
+                 } else {
+                   tags[replaceKey] = replaceValue;
+                 }
                }
+             }
+           }
 
-               var lang = this.languagesToQuery()[0];
-
-               var url = apibase$5 + utilQsString({
-                   action: 'wbsearchentities',
-                   format: 'json',
-                   formatversion: 2,
-                   search: query,
-                   type: 'item',
-                   // the language to search
-                   language: lang,
-                   // the langauge for the label and description in the result
-                   uselang: lang,
-                   limit: 10,
-                   origin: '*'
-               });
+           return graph.replace(entity.update({
+             tags: tags
+           }));
+         };
+       }
 
-               d3_json(url)
-                   .then(function(result) {
-                       if (result && result.error) {
-                           throw new Error(result.error);
-                       }
-                       if (callback) callback(null, result.search || {});
-                   })
-                   .catch(function(err) {
-                       if (callback) callback(err.message, {});
-                   });
-           },
+       function behaviorEdit(context) {
+         function behavior() {
+           context.map().minzoom(context.minEditableZoom());
+         }
 
+         behavior.off = function () {
+           context.map().minzoom(0);
+         };
 
-           // Given a Wikipedia language and article title,
-           // return an array of corresponding Wikidata entities.
-           itemsByTitle: function(lang, title, callback) {
-               if (!title) {
-                   if (callback) callback('No title', {});
-                   return;
-               }
+         return behavior;
+       }
 
-               lang = lang || 'en';
-               var url = apibase$5 + utilQsString({
-                   action: 'wbgetentities',
-                   format: 'json',
-                   formatversion: 2,
-                   sites: lang.replace(/-/g, '_') + 'wiki',
-                   titles: title,
-                   languages: 'en', // shrink response by filtering to one language
-                   origin: '*'
-               });
+       /*
+          The hover behavior adds the `.hover` class on pointerover to all elements to which
+          the identical datum is bound, and removes it on pointerout.
 
-               d3_json(url)
-                   .then(function(result) {
-                       if (result && result.error) {
-                           throw new Error(result.error);
-                       }
-                       if (callback) callback(null, result.entities || {});
-                   })
-                   .catch(function(err) {
-                       if (callback) callback(err.message, {});
-                   });
-           },
+          The :hover pseudo-class is insufficient for iD's purposes because a datum's visual
+          representation may consist of several elements scattered throughout the DOM hierarchy.
+          Only one of these elements can have the :hover pseudo-class, but all of them will
+          have the .hover class.
+        */
 
+       function behaviorHover(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('hover');
 
-           languagesToQuery: function() {
-               var localeCode = _mainLocalizer.localeCode().toLowerCase();
-               // HACK: en-us isn't a wikidata language. We should really be filtering by
-               // the languages known to be supported by wikidata.
-               if (localeCode === 'en-us') localeCode = 'en';
-               return utilArrayUniq([
-                   localeCode,
-                   _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase(),
-                   'en'
-               ]);
-           },
+         var _selection = select(null);
 
+         var _newNodeId = null;
+         var _initialNodeID = null;
 
-           entityByQID: function(qid, callback) {
-               if (!qid) {
-                   callback('No qid', {});
-                   return;
-               }
-               if (_wikidataCache[qid]) {
-                   if (callback) callback(null, _wikidataCache[qid]);
-                   return;
-               }
+         var _altDisables;
 
-               var langs = this.languagesToQuery();
-               var url = apibase$5 + utilQsString({
-                   action: 'wbgetentities',
-                   format: 'json',
-                   formatversion: 2,
-                   ids: qid,
-                   props: 'labels|descriptions|claims|sitelinks',
-                   sitefilter: langs.map(function(d) { return d + 'wiki'; }).join('|'),
-                   languages: langs.join('|'),
-                   languagefallback: 1,
-                   origin: '*'
-               });
+         var _ignoreVertex;
 
-               d3_json(url)
-                   .then(function(result) {
-                       if (result && result.error) {
-                           throw new Error(result.error);
-                       }
-                       if (callback) callback(null, result.entities[qid] || {});
-                   })
-                   .catch(function(err) {
-                       if (callback) callback(err.message, {});
-                   });
-           },
+         var _targets = []; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-           // Pass `params` object of the form:
-           // {
-           //   qid: 'string'      // brand wikidata  (e.g. 'Q37158')
-           // }
-           //
-           // Get an result object used to display tag documentation
-           // {
-           //   title:        'string',
-           //   description:  'string',
-           //   editURL:      'string',
-           //   imageURL:     'string',
-           //   wiki:         { title: 'string', text: 'string', url: 'string' }
-           // }
-           //
-           getDocs: function(params, callback) {
-               var langs = this.languagesToQuery();
-               this.entityByQID(params.qid, function(err, entity) {
-                   if (err || !entity) {
-                       callback(err || 'No entity');
-                       return;
-                   }
+         function keydown(d3_event) {
+           if (_altDisables && d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
+             _selection.selectAll('.hover').classed('hover-suppressed', true).classed('hover', false);
 
-                   var i;
-                   var description;
-                   if (entity.descriptions && Object.keys(entity.descriptions).length > 0) {
-                       description = entity.descriptions[Object.keys(entity.descriptions)[0]].value;
-                   }
+             _selection.classed('hover-disabled', true);
 
-                   // prepare result
-                   var result = {
-                       title: entity.id,
-                       description: description,
-                       editURL: 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/' + entity.id
-                   };
+             dispatch.call('hover', this, null);
+           }
+         }
 
-                   // add image
-                   if (entity.claims) {
-                       var imageroot = 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php';
-                       var props = ['P154','P18'];  // logo image, image
-                       var prop, image;
-                       for (i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
-                           prop = entity.claims[props[i]];
-                           if (prop && Object.keys(prop).length > 0) {
-                               image = prop[Object.keys(prop)[0]].mainsnak.datavalue.value;
-                               if (image) {
-                                   result.imageURL = imageroot + '?' + utilQsString({
-                                       title: 'Special:Redirect/file/' + image,
-                                       width: 400
-                                   });
-                                   break;
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
+         function keyup(d3_event) {
+           if (_altDisables && d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
+             _selection.selectAll('.hover-suppressed').classed('hover-suppressed', false).classed('hover', true);
 
-                   if (entity.sitelinks) {
-                       var englishLocale = _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase() === 'en';
-
-                       // must be one of these that we requested..
-                       for (i = 0; i < langs.length; i++) {   // check each, in order of preference
-                           var w = langs[i] + 'wiki';
-                           if (entity.sitelinks[w]) {
-                               var title = entity.sitelinks[w].title;
-                               var tKey = 'inspector.wiki_reference';
-                               if (!englishLocale && langs[i] === 'en') {   // user's locale isn't English but
-                                   tKey = 'inspector.wiki_en_reference';    // we are sending them to enwiki anyway..
-                               }
-
-                               result.wiki = {
-                                   title: title,
-                                   text: tKey,
-                                   url: 'https://' + langs[i] + '.wikipedia.org/wiki/' + title.replace(/ /g, '_')
-                               };
-                               break;
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
+             _selection.classed('hover-disabled', false);
 
-                   callback(null, result);
-               });
+             dispatch.call('hover', this, _targets);
            }
+         }
 
-       };
-
-       var endpoint = 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?';
+         function behavior(selection) {
+           _selection = selection;
+           _targets = [];
 
-       var serviceWikipedia = {
+           if (_initialNodeID) {
+             _newNodeId = _initialNodeID;
+             _initialNodeID = null;
+           } else {
+             _newNodeId = null;
+           }
 
-           init: function() {},
-           reset: function() {},
+           _selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'over.hover', pointerover).on(_pointerPrefix + 'out.hover', pointerout) // treat pointerdown as pointerover for touch devices
+           .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.hover', pointerover);
 
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.hover pointercancel.hover', pointerout, true).on('keydown.hover', keydown).on('keyup.hover', keyup);
 
-           search: function(lang, query, callback) {
-               if (!query) {
-                   if (callback) callback('No Query', []);
-                   return;
-               }
+           function eventTarget(d3_event) {
+             var datum = d3_event.target && d3_event.target.__data__;
+             if (_typeof(datum) !== 'object') return null;
 
-               lang = lang || 'en';
-               var url = endpoint.replace('en', lang) +
-                   utilQsString({
-                       action: 'query',
-                       list: 'search',
-                       srlimit: '10',
-                       srinfo: 'suggestion',
-                       format: 'json',
-                       origin: '*',
-                       srsearch: query
-                   });
+             if (!(datum instanceof osmEntity) && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity instanceof osmEntity) {
+               return datum.properties.entity;
+             }
 
-               d3_json(url)
-                   .then(function(result) {
-                       if (result && result.error) {
-                           throw new Error(result.error);
-                       } else if (!result || !result.query || !result.query.search) {
-                           throw new Error('No Results');
-                       }
-                       if (callback) {
-                           var titles = result.query.search.map(function(d) { return d.title; });
-                           callback(null, titles);
-                       }
-                   })
-                   .catch(function(err) {
-                       if (callback) callback(err, []);
-                   });
-           },
+             return datum;
+           }
 
+           function pointerover(d3_event) {
+             // ignore mouse hovers with buttons pressed unless dragging
+             if (context.mode().id.indexOf('drag') === -1 && (!d3_event.pointerType || d3_event.pointerType === 'mouse') && d3_event.buttons) return;
+             var target = eventTarget(d3_event);
 
-           suggestions: function(lang, query, callback) {
-               if (!query) {
-                   if (callback) callback('', []);
-                   return;
-               }
+             if (target && _targets.indexOf(target) === -1) {
+               _targets.push(target);
 
-               lang = lang || 'en';
-               var url = endpoint.replace('en', lang) +
-                   utilQsString({
-                       action: 'opensearch',
-                       namespace: 0,
-                       suggest: '',
-                       format: 'json',
-                       origin: '*',
-                       search: query
-                   });
+               updateHover(d3_event, _targets);
+             }
+           }
 
-               d3_json(url)
-                   .then(function(result) {
-                       if (result && result.error) {
-                           throw new Error(result.error);
-                       } else if (!result || result.length < 2) {
-                           throw new Error('No Results');
-                       }
-                       if (callback) callback(null, result[1] || []);
-                   })
-                   .catch(function(err) {
-                       if (callback) callback(err.message, []);
-                   });
-           },
+           function pointerout(d3_event) {
+             var target = eventTarget(d3_event);
 
+             var index = _targets.indexOf(target);
 
-           translations: function(lang, title, callback) {
-               if (!title) {
-                   if (callback) callback('No Title');
-                   return;
-               }
+             if (index !== -1) {
+               _targets.splice(index);
 
-               var url = endpoint.replace('en', lang) +
-                   utilQsString({
-                       action: 'query',
-                       prop: 'langlinks',
-                       format: 'json',
-                       origin: '*',
-                       lllimit: 500,
-                       titles: title
-                   });
+               updateHover(d3_event, _targets);
+             }
+           }
 
-               d3_json(url)
-                   .then(function(result) {
-                       if (result && result.error) {
-                           throw new Error(result.error);
-                       } else if (!result || !result.query || !result.query.pages) {
-                           throw new Error('No Results');
-                       }
-                       if (callback) {
-                           var list = result.query.pages[Object.keys(result.query.pages)[0]];
-                           var translations = {};
-                           if (list && list.langlinks) {
-                               list.langlinks.forEach(function(d) { translations[d.lang] = d['*']; });
-                           }
-                           callback(null, translations);
-                       }
-                   })
-                   .catch(function(err) {
-                       if (callback) callback(err.message);
-                   });
+           function allowsVertex(d) {
+             return d.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(d, context.graph());
            }
 
-       };
+           function modeAllowsHover(target) {
+             var mode = context.mode();
 
-       var services = {
-           geocoder: serviceNominatim,
-           keepRight: serviceKeepRight,
-           improveOSM: serviceImproveOSM,
-           osmose: serviceOsmose,
-           mapillary: serviceMapillary,
-           openstreetcam: serviceOpenstreetcam,
-           osm: serviceOsm,
-           osmWikibase: serviceOsmWikibase,
-           maprules: serviceMapRules,
-           streetside: serviceStreetside,
-           taginfo: serviceTaginfo,
-           vectorTile: serviceVectorTile,
-           wikidata: serviceWikidata,
-           wikipedia: serviceWikipedia
-       };
+             if (mode.id === 'add-point') {
+               return mode.preset.matchGeometry('vertex') || target.type !== 'way' && target.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex';
+             }
 
-       function svgIcon(name, svgklass, useklass) {
-           return function drawIcon(selection) {
-               selection.selectAll('svg.icon' + (svgklass ? '.' + svgklass.split(' ')[0] : ''))
-                   .data([0])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('svg')
-                   .attr('class', 'icon ' + (svgklass || ''))
-                   .append('use')
-                   .attr('xlink:href', name)
-                   .attr('class', useklass);
-           };
-       }
+             return true;
+           }
 
-       function uiNoteComments() {
-           var _note;
+           function updateHover(d3_event, targets) {
+             _selection.selectAll('.hover').classed('hover', false);
 
+             _selection.selectAll('.hover-suppressed').classed('hover-suppressed', false);
 
-           function noteComments(selection) {
-               if (_note.isNew()) return; // don't draw .comments-container
+             var mode = context.mode();
 
-               var comments = selection.selectAll('.comments-container')
-                   .data([0]);
+             if (!_newNodeId && (mode.id === 'draw-line' || mode.id === 'draw-area')) {
+               var node = targets.find(function (target) {
+                 return target instanceof osmEntity && target.type === 'node';
+               });
+               _newNodeId = node && node.id;
+             }
 
-               comments = comments.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'comments-container')
-                   .merge(comments);
+             targets = targets.filter(function (datum) {
+               if (datum instanceof osmEntity) {
+                 // If drawing a way, don't hover on a node that was just placed. #3974
+                 return datum.id !== _newNodeId && (datum.type !== 'node' || !_ignoreVertex || allowsVertex(datum)) && modeAllowsHover(datum);
+               }
 
-               var commentEnter = comments.selectAll('.comment')
-                   .data(_note.comments)
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'comment');
+               return true;
+             });
+             var selector = '';
 
-               commentEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'comment-avatar user-' + d.uid; })
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-avatar', 'comment-avatar-icon'));
+             for (var i in targets) {
+               var datum = targets[i]; // What are we hovering over?
 
-               var mainEnter = commentEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'comment-main');
+               if (datum.__featurehash__) {
+                 // hovering custom data
+                 selector += ', .data' + datum.__featurehash__;
+               } else if (datum instanceof QAItem) {
+                 selector += ', .' + datum.service + '.itemId-' + datum.id;
+               } else if (datum instanceof osmNote) {
+                 selector += ', .note-' + datum.id;
+               } else if (datum instanceof osmEntity) {
+                 selector += ', .' + datum.id;
 
-               var metadataEnter = mainEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'comment-metadata');
+                 if (datum.type === 'relation') {
+                   for (var j in datum.members) {
+                     selector += ', .' + datum.members[j].id;
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-               metadataEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'comment-author')
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       var selection = select(this);
-                       var osm = services.osm;
-                       if (osm && d.user) {
-                           selection = selection
-                               .append('a')
-                               .attr('class', 'comment-author-link')
-                               .attr('href', osm.userURL(d.user))
-                               .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                               .attr('target', '_blank');
-                       }
-                       selection
-                           .text(function(d) { return d.user || _t('note.anonymous'); });
-                   });
+             var suppressed = _altDisables && d3_event && d3_event.altKey;
 
-               metadataEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'comment-date')
-                   .text(function(d) {
-                       return _t('note.status.' + d.action, { when: localeDateString(d.date) });
-                   });
+             if (selector.trim().length) {
+               // remove the first comma
+               selector = selector.slice(1);
 
-               mainEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'comment-text')
-                   .html(function(d) { return d.html; });
+               _selection.selectAll(selector).classed(suppressed ? 'hover-suppressed' : 'hover', true);
+             }
 
-               comments
-                   .call(replaceAvatars);
+             dispatch.call('hover', this, !suppressed && targets);
            }
+         }
 
+         behavior.off = function (selection) {
+           selection.selectAll('.hover').classed('hover', false);
+           selection.selectAll('.hover-suppressed').classed('hover-suppressed', false);
+           selection.classed('hover-disabled', false);
+           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'over.hover', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'out.hover', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.hover', null);
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.hover pointercancel.hover', null, true).on('keydown.hover', null).on('keyup.hover', null);
+         };
 
-           function replaceAvatars(selection) {
-               var showThirdPartyIcons = corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons') || 'true';
-               var osm = services.osm;
-               if (showThirdPartyIcons !== 'true' || !osm) return;
-
-               var uids = {};  // gather uids in the comment thread
-               _note.comments.forEach(function(d) {
-                   if (d.uid) uids[d.uid] = true;
-               });
-
-               Object.keys(uids).forEach(function(uid) {
-                   osm.loadUser(uid, function(err, user) {
-                       if (!user || !user.image_url) return;
+         behavior.altDisables = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _altDisables;
+           _altDisables = val;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-                       selection.selectAll('.comment-avatar.user-' + uid)
-                           .html('')
-                           .append('img')
-                           .attr('class', 'icon comment-avatar-icon')
-                           .attr('src', user.image_url)
-                           .attr('alt', user.display_name);
-                   });
-               });
-           }
+         behavior.ignoreVertex = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _ignoreVertex;
+           _ignoreVertex = val;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
+         behavior.initialNodeID = function (nodeId) {
+           _initialNodeID = nodeId;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-           function localeDateString(s) {
-               if (!s) return null;
-               var options = { day: 'numeric', month: 'short', year: 'numeric' };
-               s = s.replace(/-/g, '/'); // fix browser-specific Date() issues
-               var d = new Date(s);
-               if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
-               return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
-           }
+         return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
+       var _disableSpace = false;
+       var _lastSpace = null;
+       function behaviorDraw(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('move', 'down', 'downcancel', 'click', 'clickWay', 'clickNode', 'undo', 'cancel', 'finish');
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('draw');
 
-           noteComments.note = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _note;
-               _note = val;
-               return noteComments;
-           };
+         var _hover = behaviorHover(context).altDisables(true).ignoreVertex(true).on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hover);
 
+         var _edit = behaviorEdit(context);
 
-           return noteComments;
-       }
+         var _closeTolerance = 4;
+         var _tolerance = 12;
+         var _mouseLeave = false;
+         var _lastMouse = null;
 
-       function uiNoteHeader() {
-           var _note;
+         var _lastPointerUpEvent;
 
+         var _downPointer; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
-           function noteHeader(selection) {
-               var header = selection.selectAll('.note-header')
-                   .data(
-                       (_note ? [_note] : []),
-                       function(d) { return d.status + d.id; }
-                   );
 
-               header.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse'; // related code
+         // - `mode/drag_node.js` `datum()`
 
-               var headerEnter = header.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'note-header');
 
-               var iconEnter = headerEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'note-header-icon ' + d.status; })
-                   .classed('new', function(d) { return d.id < 0; });
+         function datum(d3_event) {
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           var isNote = mode && mode.id.indexOf('note') !== -1;
+           if (d3_event.altKey || isNote) return {};
+           var element;
 
-               iconEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'preset-icon-28')
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-note', 'note-fill'));
-
-               iconEnter.each(function(d) {
-                   var statusIcon = '#iD-icon-' + (d.id < 0 ? 'plus' : (d.status === 'open' ? 'close' : 'apply'));
-                   iconEnter
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'note-icon-annotation')
-                       .call(svgIcon(statusIcon, 'icon-annotation'));
-               });
+           if (d3_event.type === 'keydown') {
+             element = _lastMouse && _lastMouse.target;
+           } else {
+             element = d3_event.target;
+           } // When drawing, snap only to touch targets..
+           // (this excludes area fills and active drawing elements)
 
-               headerEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'note-header-label')
-                   .text(function(d) {
-                       if (_note.isNew()) { return _t('note.new'); }
-                       return _t('note.note') + ' ' + d.id + ' ' +
-                           (d.status === 'closed' ? _t('note.closed') : '');
-                   });
-           }
 
+           var d = element.__data__;
+           return d && d.properties && d.properties.target ? d : {};
+         }
 
-           noteHeader.note = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _note;
-               _note = val;
-               return noteHeader;
+         function pointerdown(d3_event) {
+           if (_downPointer) return;
+           var pointerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(this);
+           _downPointer = {
+             id: d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse',
+             pointerLocGetter: pointerLocGetter,
+             downTime: +new Date(),
+             downLoc: pointerLocGetter(d3_event)
            };
+           dispatch.call('down', this, d3_event, datum(d3_event));
+         }
 
+         function pointerup(d3_event) {
+           if (!_downPointer || _downPointer.id !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+           var downPointer = _downPointer;
+           _downPointer = null;
+           _lastPointerUpEvent = d3_event;
+           if (downPointer.isCancelled) return;
+           var t2 = +new Date();
+           var p2 = downPointer.pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
+           var dist = geoVecLength(downPointer.downLoc, p2);
 
-           return noteHeader;
-       }
+           if (dist < _closeTolerance || dist < _tolerance && t2 - downPointer.downTime < 500) {
+             // Prevent a quick second click
+             select(window).on('click.draw-block', function () {
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             }, true);
+             context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(false);
+             window.setTimeout(function () {
+               context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
+               select(window).on('click.draw-block', null);
+             }, 500);
+             click(d3_event, p2);
+           }
+         }
 
-       function uiNoteReport() {
-           var _note;
+         function pointermove(d3_event) {
+           if (_downPointer && _downPointer.id === (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse') && !_downPointer.isCancelled) {
+             var p2 = _downPointer.pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
 
-           function noteReport(selection) {
-               var url;
-               if (services.osm && (_note instanceof osmNote) && (!_note.isNew())) {
-                   url = services.osm.noteReportURL(_note);
-               }
+             var dist = geoVecLength(_downPointer.downLoc, p2);
+
+             if (dist >= _closeTolerance) {
+               _downPointer.isCancelled = true;
+               dispatch.call('downcancel', this);
+             }
+           }
 
-               var link = selection.selectAll('.note-report')
-                   .data(url ? [url] : []);
+           if (d3_event.pointerType && d3_event.pointerType !== 'mouse' || d3_event.buttons || _downPointer) return; // HACK: Mobile Safari likes to send one or more `mouse` type pointermove
+           // events immediately after non-mouse pointerup events; detect and ignore them.
 
-               // exit
-               link.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           if (_lastPointerUpEvent && _lastPointerUpEvent.pointerType !== 'mouse' && d3_event.timeStamp - _lastPointerUpEvent.timeStamp < 100) return;
+           _lastMouse = d3_event;
+           dispatch.call('move', this, d3_event, datum(d3_event));
+         }
 
-               // enter
-               var linkEnter = link.enter()
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'note-report')
-                   .attr('target', '_blank')
-                   .attr('href', function(d) { return d; })
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));
+         function pointercancel(d3_event) {
+           if (_downPointer && _downPointer.id === (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) {
+             if (!_downPointer.isCancelled) {
+               dispatch.call('downcancel', this);
+             }
 
-               linkEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(_t('note.report'));
+             _downPointer = null;
            }
+         }
+
+         function mouseenter() {
+           _mouseLeave = false;
+         }
 
+         function mouseleave() {
+           _mouseLeave = true;
+         }
 
-           noteReport.note = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _note;
-               _note = val;
-               return noteReport;
-           };
+         function allowsVertex(d) {
+           return d.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(d, context.graph());
+         } // related code
+         // - `mode/drag_node.js`     `doMove()`
+         // - `behavior/draw.js`      `click()`
+         // - `behavior/draw_way.js`  `move()`
 
-           return noteReport;
-       }
 
-       function uiViewOnOSM(context) {
-           var _what;   // an osmEntity or osmNote
+         function click(d3_event, loc) {
+           var d = datum(d3_event);
+           var target = d && d.properties && d.properties.entity;
+           var mode = context.mode();
 
+           if (target && target.type === 'node' && allowsVertex(target)) {
+             // Snap to a node
+             dispatch.call('clickNode', this, target, d);
+             return;
+           } else if (target && target.type === 'way' && (mode.id !== 'add-point' || mode.preset.matchGeometry('vertex'))) {
+             // Snap to a way
+             var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(target), loc, context.projection, context.activeID());
 
-           function viewOnOSM(selection) {
-               var url;
-               if (_what instanceof osmEntity) {
-                   url = context.connection().entityURL(_what);
-               } else if (_what instanceof osmNote) {
-                   url = context.connection().noteURL(_what);
-               }
+             if (choice) {
+               var edge = [target.nodes[choice.index - 1], target.nodes[choice.index]];
+               dispatch.call('clickWay', this, choice.loc, edge, d);
+               return;
+             }
+           } else if (mode.id !== 'add-point' || mode.preset.matchGeometry('point')) {
+             var locLatLng = context.projection.invert(loc);
+             dispatch.call('click', this, locLatLng, d);
+           }
+         } // treat a spacebar press like a click
 
-               var data = ((!_what || _what.isNew()) ? [] : [_what]);
-               var link = selection.selectAll('.view-on-osm')
-                   .data(data, function(d) { return d.id; });
 
-               // exit
-               link.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         function space(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           var currSpace = context.map().mouse();
 
-               // enter
-               var linkEnter = link.enter()
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'view-on-osm')
-                   .attr('target', '_blank')
-                   .attr('href', url)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));
+           if (_disableSpace && _lastSpace) {
+             var dist = geoVecLength(_lastSpace, currSpace);
 
-               linkEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(_t('inspector.view_on_osm'));
+             if (dist > _tolerance) {
+               _disableSpace = false;
+             }
            }
 
+           if (_disableSpace || _mouseLeave || !_lastMouse) return; // user must move mouse or release space bar to allow another click
 
-           viewOnOSM.what = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _what;
-               _what = _;
-               return viewOnOSM;
-           };
+           _lastSpace = currSpace;
+           _disableSpace = true;
+           select(window).on('keyup.space-block', function () {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             _disableSpace = false;
+             select(window).on('keyup.space-block', null);
+           }); // get the current mouse position
 
-           return viewOnOSM;
-       }
+           var loc = context.map().mouse() || // or the map center if the mouse has never entered the map
+           context.projection(context.map().center());
+           click(d3_event, loc);
+         }
 
-       function uiNoteEditor(context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-           var noteComments = uiNoteComments();
-           var noteHeader = uiNoteHeader();
+         function backspace(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           dispatch.call('undo');
+         }
 
-           // var formFields = uiFormFields(context);
+         function del(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           dispatch.call('cancel');
+         }
 
-           var _note;
-           var _newNote;
-           // var _fieldsArr;
+         function ret(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           dispatch.call('finish');
+         }
 
+         function behavior(selection) {
+           context.install(_hover);
+           context.install(_edit);
+           _downPointer = null;
+           keybinding.on('⌫', backspace).on('⌦', del).on('⎋', ret).on('↩', ret).on('space', space).on('⌥space', space);
+           selection.on('mouseenter.draw', mouseenter).on('mouseleave.draw', mouseleave).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.draw', pointerdown).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.draw', pointermove);
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.draw', pointerup, true).on('pointercancel.draw', pointercancel, true);
+           select(document).call(keybinding);
+           return behavior;
+         }
 
-           function noteEditor(selection) {
+         behavior.off = function (selection) {
+           context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
+           context.uninstall(_hover);
+           context.uninstall(_edit);
+           selection.on('mouseenter.draw', null).on('mouseleave.draw', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.draw', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.draw', null);
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.draw', null).on('pointercancel.draw', null); // note: keyup.space-block, click.draw-block should remain
 
-               var header = selection.selectAll('.header')
-                   .data([0]);
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+         };
 
-               var headerEnter = header.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'header fillL');
+         behavior.hover = function () {
+           return _hover;
+         };
+
+         return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-               headerEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'close')
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-                   })
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+       function initRange(domain, range) {
+         switch (arguments.length) {
+           case 0:
+             break;
 
-               headerEnter
-                   .append('h3')
-                   .text(_t('note.title'));
+           case 1:
+             this.range(domain);
+             break;
 
+           default:
+             this.range(range).domain(domain);
+             break;
+         }
 
-               var body = selection.selectAll('.body')
-                   .data([0]);
+         return this;
+       }
 
-               body = body.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'body')
-                   .merge(body);
+       function constants(x) {
+         return function () {
+           return x;
+         };
+       }
 
-               var editor = body.selectAll('.note-editor')
-                   .data([0]);
+       function number(x) {
+         return +x;
+       }
 
-               editor.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'modal-section note-editor')
-                   .merge(editor)
-                   .call(noteHeader.note(_note))
-                   .call(noteComments.note(_note))
-                   .call(noteSaveSection);
+       var unit = [0, 1];
+       function identity$1(x) {
+         return x;
+       }
 
-               var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer')
-                   .data([0]);
+       function normalize(a, b) {
+         return (b -= a = +a) ? function (x) {
+           return (x - a) / b;
+         } : constants(isNaN(b) ? NaN : 0.5);
+       }
 
-               footer.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'footer')
-                   .merge(footer)
-                   .call(uiViewOnOSM(context).what(_note))
-                   .call(uiNoteReport().note(_note));
+       function clamper(a, b) {
+         var t;
+         if (a > b) t = a, a = b, b = t;
+         return function (x) {
+           return Math.max(a, Math.min(b, x));
+         };
+       } // normalize(a, b)(x) takes a domain value x in [a,b] and returns the corresponding parameter t in [0,1].
+       // interpolate(a, b)(t) takes a parameter t in [0,1] and returns the corresponding range value x in [a,b].
 
 
-               // rerender the note editor on any auth change
-               var osm = services.osm;
-               if (osm) {
-                   osm.on('change.note-save', function() {
-                       selection.call(noteEditor);
-                   });
-               }
-           }
+       function bimap(domain, range, interpolate) {
+         var d0 = domain[0],
+             d1 = domain[1],
+             r0 = range[0],
+             r1 = range[1];
+         if (d1 < d0) d0 = normalize(d1, d0), r0 = interpolate(r1, r0);else d0 = normalize(d0, d1), r0 = interpolate(r0, r1);
+         return function (x) {
+           return r0(d0(x));
+         };
+       }
 
+       function polymap(domain, range, interpolate) {
+         var j = Math.min(domain.length, range.length) - 1,
+             d = new Array(j),
+             r = new Array(j),
+             i = -1; // Reverse descending domains.
 
-           function noteSaveSection(selection) {
-               var isSelected = (_note && _note.id === context.selectedNoteID());
-               var noteSave = selection.selectAll('.note-save')
-                   .data((isSelected ? [_note] : []), function(d) { return d.status + d.id; });
+         if (domain[j] < domain[0]) {
+           domain = domain.slice().reverse();
+           range = range.slice().reverse();
+         }
 
-               // exit
-               noteSave.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         while (++i < j) {
+           d[i] = normalize(domain[i], domain[i + 1]);
+           r[i] = interpolate(range[i], range[i + 1]);
+         }
 
-               // enter
-               var noteSaveEnter = noteSave.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'note-save save-section cf');
-
-               // // if new note, show categories to pick from
-               // if (_note.isNew()) {
-               //     var presets = presetManager;
-
-               //     // NOTE: this key isn't a age and therefore there is no documentation (yet)
-               //     _fieldsArr = [
-               //         uiField(context, presets.field('category'), null, { show: true, revert: false }),
-               //     ];
-
-               //     _fieldsArr.forEach(function(field) {
-               //         field
-               //             .on('change', changeCategory);
-               //     });
-
-               //     noteSaveEnter
-               //         .append('div')
-               //         .attr('class', 'note-category')
-               //         .call(formFields.fieldsArr(_fieldsArr));
-               // }
-
-               // function changeCategory() {
-               //     // NOTE: perhaps there is a better way to get value
-               //     var val = context.container().select('input[name=\'category\']:checked').property('__data__') || undefined;
-
-               //     // store the unsaved category with the note itself
-               //     _note = _note.update({ newCategory: val });
-               //     var osm = services.osm;
-               //     if (osm) {
-               //         osm.replaceNote(_note);  // update note cache
-               //     }
-               //     noteSave
-               //         .call(noteSaveButtons);
-               // }
-
-               noteSaveEnter
-                   .append('h4')
-                   .attr('class', '.note-save-header')
-                   .text(function() {
-                       return _note.isNew() ? _t('note.newDescription') : _t('note.newComment');
-                   });
+         return function (x) {
+           var i = bisectRight(domain, x, 1, j) - 1;
+           return r[i](d[i](x));
+         };
+       }
 
-               var commentTextarea = noteSaveEnter
-                   .append('textarea')
-                   .attr('class', 'new-comment-input')
-                   .attr('placeholder', _t('note.inputPlaceholder'))
-                   .attr('maxlength', 1000)
-                   .property('value', function(d) { return d.newComment; })
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .on('keydown.note-input', keydown)
-                   .on('input.note-input', changeInput)
-                   .on('blur.note-input', changeInput);
+       function copy(source, target) {
+         return target.domain(source.domain()).range(source.range()).interpolate(source.interpolate()).clamp(source.clamp()).unknown(source.unknown());
+       }
+       function transformer() {
+         var domain = unit,
+             range = unit,
+             interpolate = interpolate$1,
+             transform,
+             untransform,
+             unknown,
+             clamp = identity$1,
+             piecewise,
+             output,
+             input;
 
-               if (_newNote) {
-                   // autofocus the comment field for new notes
-                   commentTextarea.node().focus();
-               }
+         function rescale() {
+           var n = Math.min(domain.length, range.length);
+           if (clamp !== identity$1) clamp = clamper(domain[0], domain[n - 1]);
+           piecewise = n > 2 ? polymap : bimap;
+           output = input = null;
+           return scale;
+         }
 
-               // update
-               noteSave = noteSaveEnter
-                   .merge(noteSave)
-                   .call(userDetails)
-                   .call(noteSaveButtons);
+         function scale(x) {
+           return x == null || isNaN(x = +x) ? unknown : (output || (output = piecewise(domain.map(transform), range, interpolate)))(transform(clamp(x)));
+         }
 
+         scale.invert = function (y) {
+           return clamp(untransform((input || (input = piecewise(range, domain.map(transform), d3_interpolateNumber)))(y)));
+         };
 
-               // fast submit if user presses cmd+enter
-               function keydown() {
-                   if (!(event.keyCode === 13 && event.metaKey)) return;
+         scale.domain = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (domain = Array.from(_, number), rescale()) : domain.slice();
+         };
 
-                   var osm = services.osm;
-                   if (!osm) return;
+         scale.range = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (range = Array.from(_), rescale()) : range.slice();
+         };
 
-                   var hasAuth = osm.authenticated();
-                   if (!hasAuth) return;
+         scale.rangeRound = function (_) {
+           return range = Array.from(_), interpolate = interpolateRound, rescale();
+         };
 
-                   if (!_note.newComment) return;
+         scale.clamp = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (clamp = _ ? true : identity$1, rescale()) : clamp !== identity$1;
+         };
 
-                   event.preventDefault();
+         scale.interpolate = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (interpolate = _, rescale()) : interpolate;
+         };
 
-                   select(this)
-                       .on('keydown.note-input', null);
+         scale.unknown = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (unknown = _, scale) : unknown;
+         };
 
-                   // focus on button and submit
-                   window.setTimeout(function() {
-                       if (_note.isNew()) {
-                           noteSave.selectAll('.save-button').node().focus();
-                           clickSave(_note);
-                       } else  {
-                           noteSave.selectAll('.comment-button').node().focus();
-                           clickComment(_note);
-                       }
-                   }, 10);
-               }
+         return function (t, u) {
+           transform = t, untransform = u;
+           return rescale();
+         };
+       }
+       function continuous() {
+         return transformer()(identity$1, identity$1);
+       }
 
+       function formatDecimal (x) {
+         return Math.abs(x = Math.round(x)) >= 1e21 ? x.toLocaleString("en").replace(/,/g, "") : x.toString(10);
+       } // Computes the decimal coefficient and exponent of the specified number x with
+       // significant digits p, where x is positive and p is in [1, 21] or undefined.
+       // For example, formatDecimalParts(1.23) returns ["123", 0].
 
-               function changeInput() {
-                   var input = select(this);
-                   var val = input.property('value').trim() || undefined;
+       function formatDecimalParts(x, p) {
+         if ((i = (x = p ? x.toExponential(p - 1) : x.toExponential()).indexOf("e")) < 0) return null; // NaN, ±Infinity
 
-                   // store the unsaved comment with the note itself
-                   _note = _note.update({ newComment: val });
+         var i,
+             coefficient = x.slice(0, i); // The string returned by toExponential either has the form \d\.\d+e[-+]\d+
+         // (e.g., 1.2e+3) or the form \de[-+]\d+ (e.g., 1e+3).
 
-                   var osm = services.osm;
-                   if (osm) {
-                       osm.replaceNote(_note);  // update note cache
-                   }
+         return [coefficient.length > 1 ? coefficient[0] + coefficient.slice(2) : coefficient, +x.slice(i + 1)];
+       }
 
-                   noteSave
-                       .call(noteSaveButtons);
-               }
+       function exponent (x) {
+         return x = formatDecimalParts(Math.abs(x)), x ? x[1] : NaN;
+       }
+
+       function formatGroup (grouping, thousands) {
+         return function (value, width) {
+           var i = value.length,
+               t = [],
+               j = 0,
+               g = grouping[0],
+               length = 0;
+
+           while (i > 0 && g > 0) {
+             if (length + g + 1 > width) g = Math.max(1, width - length);
+             t.push(value.substring(i -= g, i + g));
+             if ((length += g + 1) > width) break;
+             g = grouping[j = (j + 1) % grouping.length];
            }
 
+           return t.reverse().join(thousands);
+         };
+       }
 
-           function userDetails(selection) {
-               var detailSection = selection.selectAll('.detail-section')
-                   .data([0]);
+       function formatNumerals (numerals) {
+         return function (value) {
+           return value.replace(/[0-9]/g, function (i) {
+             return numerals[+i];
+           });
+         };
+       }
 
-               detailSection = detailSection.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'detail-section')
-                   .merge(detailSection);
+       // [[fill]align][sign][symbol][0][width][,][.precision][~][type]
+       var re = /^(?:(.)?([<>=^]))?([+\-( ])?([$#])?(0)?(\d+)?(,)?(\.\d+)?(~)?([a-z%])?$/i;
+       function formatSpecifier(specifier) {
+         if (!(match = re.exec(specifier))) throw new Error("invalid format: " + specifier);
+         var match;
+         return new FormatSpecifier({
+           fill: match[1],
+           align: match[2],
+           sign: match[3],
+           symbol: match[4],
+           zero: match[5],
+           width: match[6],
+           comma: match[7],
+           precision: match[8] && match[8].slice(1),
+           trim: match[9],
+           type: match[10]
+         });
+       }
+       formatSpecifier.prototype = FormatSpecifier.prototype; // instanceof
 
-               var osm = services.osm;
-               if (!osm) return;
-
-               // Add warning if user is not logged in
-               var hasAuth = osm.authenticated();
-               var authWarning = detailSection.selectAll('.auth-warning')
-                   .data(hasAuth ? [] : [0]);
-
-               authWarning.exit()
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(200)
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .remove();
-
-               var authEnter = authWarning.enter()
-                   .insert('div', '.tag-reference-body')
-                   .attr('class', 'field-warning auth-warning')
-                   .style('opacity', 0);
-
-               authEnter
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'inline'));
-
-               authEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(_t('note.login'));
-
-               authEnter
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('target', '_blank')
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(_t('login'))
-                   .on('click.note-login', function() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       osm.authenticate();
-                   });
+       function FormatSpecifier(specifier) {
+         this.fill = specifier.fill === undefined ? " " : specifier.fill + "";
+         this.align = specifier.align === undefined ? ">" : specifier.align + "";
+         this.sign = specifier.sign === undefined ? "-" : specifier.sign + "";
+         this.symbol = specifier.symbol === undefined ? "" : specifier.symbol + "";
+         this.zero = !!specifier.zero;
+         this.width = specifier.width === undefined ? undefined : +specifier.width;
+         this.comma = !!specifier.comma;
+         this.precision = specifier.precision === undefined ? undefined : +specifier.precision;
+         this.trim = !!specifier.trim;
+         this.type = specifier.type === undefined ? "" : specifier.type + "";
+       }
 
-               authEnter
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(200)
-                   .style('opacity', 1);
+       FormatSpecifier.prototype.toString = function () {
+         return this.fill + this.align + this.sign + this.symbol + (this.zero ? "0" : "") + (this.width === undefined ? "" : Math.max(1, this.width | 0)) + (this.comma ? "," : "") + (this.precision === undefined ? "" : "." + Math.max(0, this.precision | 0)) + (this.trim ? "~" : "") + this.type;
+       };
 
+       // Trims insignificant zeros, e.g., replaces 1.2000k with 1.2k.
+       function formatTrim (s) {
+         out: for (var n = s.length, i = 1, i0 = -1, i1; i < n; ++i) {
+           switch (s[i]) {
+             case ".":
+               i0 = i1 = i;
+               break;
 
-               var prose = detailSection.selectAll('.note-save-prose')
-                   .data(hasAuth ? [0] : []);
+             case "0":
+               if (i0 === 0) i0 = i;
+               i1 = i;
+               break;
 
-               prose.exit()
-                   .remove();
+             default:
+               if (!+s[i]) break out;
+               if (i0 > 0) i0 = 0;
+               break;
+           }
+         }
 
-               prose = prose.enter()
-                   .append('p')
-                   .attr('class', 'note-save-prose')
-                   .text(_t('note.upload_explanation'))
-                   .merge(prose);
+         return i0 > 0 ? s.slice(0, i0) + s.slice(i1 + 1) : s;
+       }
 
-               osm.userDetails(function(err, user) {
-                   if (err) return;
+       var $$5 = _export;
+       var uncurryThis$3 = functionUncurryThis;
+       var fails$3 = fails$V;
+       var thisNumberValue = thisNumberValue$3;
 
-                   var userLink = select(document.createElement('div'));
+       var un$ToPrecision = uncurryThis$3(1.0.toPrecision);
 
-                   if (user.image_url) {
-                       userLink
-                           .append('img')
-                           .attr('src', user.image_url)
-                           .attr('class', 'icon pre-text user-icon');
-                   }
+       var FORCED$1 = fails$3(function () {
+         // IE7-
+         return un$ToPrecision(1, undefined) !== '1';
+       }) || !fails$3(function () {
+         // V8 ~ Android 4.3-
+         un$ToPrecision({});
+       });
 
-                   userLink
-                       .append('a')
-                       .attr('class', 'user-info')
-                       .text(user.display_name)
-                       .attr('href', osm.userURL(user.display_name))
-                       .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                       .attr('target', '_blank');
+       // `Number.prototype.toPrecision` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-number.prototype.toprecision
+       $$5({ target: 'Number', proto: true, forced: FORCED$1 }, {
+         toPrecision: function toPrecision(precision) {
+           return precision === undefined
+             ? un$ToPrecision(thisNumberValue(this))
+             : un$ToPrecision(thisNumberValue(this), precision);
+         }
+       });
 
-                   prose
-                       .html(_t('note.upload_explanation_with_user', { user: userLink.html() }));
-               });
-           }
+       var prefixExponent;
+       function formatPrefixAuto (x, p) {
+         var d = formatDecimalParts(x, p);
+         if (!d) return x + "";
+         var coefficient = d[0],
+             exponent = d[1],
+             i = exponent - (prefixExponent = Math.max(-8, Math.min(8, Math.floor(exponent / 3))) * 3) + 1,
+             n = coefficient.length;
+         return i === n ? coefficient : i > n ? coefficient + new Array(i - n + 1).join("0") : i > 0 ? coefficient.slice(0, i) + "." + coefficient.slice(i) : "0." + new Array(1 - i).join("0") + formatDecimalParts(x, Math.max(0, p + i - 1))[0]; // less than 1y!
+       }
 
+       function formatRounded (x, p) {
+         var d = formatDecimalParts(x, p);
+         if (!d) return x + "";
+         var coefficient = d[0],
+             exponent = d[1];
+         return exponent < 0 ? "0." + new Array(-exponent).join("0") + coefficient : coefficient.length > exponent + 1 ? coefficient.slice(0, exponent + 1) + "." + coefficient.slice(exponent + 1) : coefficient + new Array(exponent - coefficient.length + 2).join("0");
+       }
 
-           function noteSaveButtons(selection) {
-               var osm = services.osm;
-               var hasAuth = osm && osm.authenticated();
+       var formatTypes = {
+         "%": function _(x, p) {
+           return (x * 100).toFixed(p);
+         },
+         "b": function b(x) {
+           return Math.round(x).toString(2);
+         },
+         "c": function c(x) {
+           return x + "";
+         },
+         "d": formatDecimal,
+         "e": function e(x, p) {
+           return x.toExponential(p);
+         },
+         "f": function f(x, p) {
+           return x.toFixed(p);
+         },
+         "g": function g(x, p) {
+           return x.toPrecision(p);
+         },
+         "o": function o(x) {
+           return Math.round(x).toString(8);
+         },
+         "p": function p(x, _p) {
+           return formatRounded(x * 100, _p);
+         },
+         "r": formatRounded,
+         "s": formatPrefixAuto,
+         "X": function X(x) {
+           return Math.round(x).toString(16).toUpperCase();
+         },
+         "x": function x(_x) {
+           return Math.round(_x).toString(16);
+         }
+       };
+
+       function identity (x) {
+         return x;
+       }
 
-               var isSelected = (_note && _note.id === context.selectedNoteID());
-               var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons')
-                   .data((isSelected ? [_note] : []), function(d) { return d.status + d.id; });
+       var map$1 = Array.prototype.map,
+           prefixes = ["y", "z", "a", "f", "p", "n", "µ", "m", "", "k", "M", "G", "T", "P", "E", "Z", "Y"];
+       function formatLocale (locale) {
+         var group = locale.grouping === undefined || locale.thousands === undefined ? identity : formatGroup(map$1.call(locale.grouping, Number), locale.thousands + ""),
+             currencyPrefix = locale.currency === undefined ? "" : locale.currency[0] + "",
+             currencySuffix = locale.currency === undefined ? "" : locale.currency[1] + "",
+             decimal = locale.decimal === undefined ? "." : locale.decimal + "",
+             numerals = locale.numerals === undefined ? identity : formatNumerals(map$1.call(locale.numerals, String)),
+             percent = locale.percent === undefined ? "%" : locale.percent + "",
+             minus = locale.minus === undefined ? "−" : locale.minus + "",
+             nan = locale.nan === undefined ? "NaN" : locale.nan + "";
+
+         function newFormat(specifier) {
+           specifier = formatSpecifier(specifier);
+           var fill = specifier.fill,
+               align = specifier.align,
+               sign = specifier.sign,
+               symbol = specifier.symbol,
+               zero = specifier.zero,
+               width = specifier.width,
+               comma = specifier.comma,
+               precision = specifier.precision,
+               trim = specifier.trim,
+               type = specifier.type; // The "n" type is an alias for ",g".
 
-               // exit
-               buttonSection.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           if (type === "n") comma = true, type = "g"; // The "" type, and any invalid type, is an alias for ".12~g".
+           else if (!formatTypes[type]) precision === undefined && (precision = 12), trim = true, type = "g"; // If zero fill is specified, padding goes after sign and before digits.
 
-               // enter
-               var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'buttons');
+           if (zero || fill === "0" && align === "=") zero = true, fill = "0", align = "="; // Compute the prefix and suffix.
+           // For SI-prefix, the suffix is lazily computed.
 
-               if (_note.isNew()) {
-                   buttonEnter
-                       .append('button')
-                       .attr('class', 'button cancel-button secondary-action')
-                       .text(_t('confirm.cancel'));
+           var prefix = symbol === "$" ? currencyPrefix : symbol === "#" && /[boxX]/.test(type) ? "0" + type.toLowerCase() : "",
+               suffix = symbol === "$" ? currencySuffix : /[%p]/.test(type) ? percent : ""; // What format function should we use?
+           // Is this an integer type?
+           // Can this type generate exponential notation?
 
-                   buttonEnter
-                       .append('button')
-                       .attr('class', 'button save-button action')
-                       .text(_t('note.save'));
+           var formatType = formatTypes[type],
+               maybeSuffix = /[defgprs%]/.test(type); // Set the default precision if not specified,
+           // or clamp the specified precision to the supported range.
+           // For significant precision, it must be in [1, 21].
+           // For fixed precision, it must be in [0, 20].
 
-               } else {
-                   buttonEnter
-                       .append('button')
-                       .attr('class', 'button status-button action');
+           precision = precision === undefined ? 6 : /[gprs]/.test(type) ? Math.max(1, Math.min(21, precision)) : Math.max(0, Math.min(20, precision));
 
-                   buttonEnter
-                       .append('button')
-                       .attr('class', 'button comment-button action')
-                       .text(_t('note.comment'));
-               }
+           function format(value) {
+             var valuePrefix = prefix,
+                 valueSuffix = suffix,
+                 i,
+                 n,
+                 c;
 
+             if (type === "c") {
+               valueSuffix = formatType(value) + valueSuffix;
+               value = "";
+             } else {
+               value = +value; // Determine the sign. -0 is not less than 0, but 1 / -0 is!
 
-               // update
-               buttonSection = buttonSection
-                   .merge(buttonEnter);
+               var valueNegative = value < 0 || 1 / value < 0; // Perform the initial formatting.
 
-               buttonSection.select('.cancel-button')   // select and propagate data
-                   .on('click.cancel', clickCancel);
+               value = isNaN(value) ? nan : formatType(Math.abs(value), precision); // Trim insignificant zeros.
 
-               buttonSection.select('.save-button')     // select and propagate data
-                   .attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled)
-                   .on('click.save', clickSave);
+               if (trim) value = formatTrim(value); // If a negative value rounds to zero after formatting, and no explicit positive sign is requested, hide the sign.
 
-               buttonSection.select('.status-button')   // select and propagate data
-                   .attr('disabled', (hasAuth ? null : true))
-                   .text(function(d) {
-                       var action = (d.status === 'open' ? 'close' : 'open');
-                       var andComment = (d.newComment ? '_comment' : '');
-                       return _t('note.' + action + andComment);
-                   })
-                   .on('click.status', clickStatus);
+               if (valueNegative && +value === 0 && sign !== "+") valueNegative = false; // Compute the prefix and suffix.
 
-               buttonSection.select('.comment-button')   // select and propagate data
-                   .attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled)
-                   .on('click.comment', clickComment);
+               valuePrefix = (valueNegative ? sign === "(" ? sign : minus : sign === "-" || sign === "(" ? "" : sign) + valuePrefix;
+               valueSuffix = (type === "s" ? prefixes[8 + prefixExponent / 3] : "") + valueSuffix + (valueNegative && sign === "(" ? ")" : ""); // Break the formatted value into the integer “value” part that can be
+               // grouped, and fractional or exponential “suffix” part that is not.
 
+               if (maybeSuffix) {
+                 i = -1, n = value.length;
 
-               function isSaveDisabled(d) {
-                   return (hasAuth && d.status === 'open' && d.newComment) ? null : true;
+                 while (++i < n) {
+                   if (c = value.charCodeAt(i), 48 > c || c > 57) {
+                     valueSuffix = (c === 46 ? decimal + value.slice(i + 1) : value.slice(i)) + valueSuffix;
+                     value = value.slice(0, i);
+                     break;
+                   }
+                 }
                }
-           }
+             } // If the fill character is not "0", grouping is applied before padding.
 
 
+             if (comma && !zero) value = group(value, Infinity); // Compute the padding.
 
-           function clickCancel(d) {
-               this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
-               var osm = services.osm;
-               if (osm) {
-                   osm.removeNote(d);
-               }
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               dispatch$1.call('change');
-           }
+             var length = valuePrefix.length + value.length + valueSuffix.length,
+                 padding = length < width ? new Array(width - length + 1).join(fill) : ""; // If the fill character is "0", grouping is applied after padding.
 
+             if (comma && zero) value = group(padding + value, padding.length ? width - valueSuffix.length : Infinity), padding = ""; // Reconstruct the final output based on the desired alignment.
 
-           function clickSave(d) {
-               this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
-               var osm = services.osm;
-               if (osm) {
-                   osm.postNoteCreate(d, function(err, note) {
-                       dispatch$1.call('change', note);
-                   });
-               }
-           }
+             switch (align) {
+               case "<":
+                 value = valuePrefix + value + valueSuffix + padding;
+                 break;
 
+               case "=":
+                 value = valuePrefix + padding + value + valueSuffix;
+                 break;
 
-           function clickStatus(d) {
-               this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
-               var osm = services.osm;
-               if (osm) {
-                   var setStatus = (d.status === 'open' ? 'closed' : 'open');
-                   osm.postNoteUpdate(d, setStatus, function(err, note) {
-                       dispatch$1.call('change', note);
-                   });
-               }
-           }
+               case "^":
+                 value = padding.slice(0, length = padding.length >> 1) + valuePrefix + value + valueSuffix + padding.slice(length);
+                 break;
 
-           function clickComment(d) {
-               this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
-               var osm = services.osm;
-               if (osm) {
-                   osm.postNoteUpdate(d, d.status, function(err, note) {
-                       dispatch$1.call('change', note);
-                   });
-               }
-           }
+               default:
+                 value = padding + valuePrefix + value + valueSuffix;
+                 break;
+             }
 
+             return numerals(value);
+           }
 
-           noteEditor.note = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _note;
-               _note = val;
-               return noteEditor;
+           format.toString = function () {
+             return specifier + "";
            };
 
-           noteEditor.newNote = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _newNote;
-               _newNote = val;
-               return noteEditor;
-           };
+           return format;
+         }
 
+         function formatPrefix(specifier, value) {
+           var f = newFormat((specifier = formatSpecifier(specifier), specifier.type = "f", specifier)),
+               e = Math.max(-8, Math.min(8, Math.floor(exponent(value) / 3))) * 3,
+               k = Math.pow(10, -e),
+               prefix = prefixes[8 + e / 3];
+           return function (value) {
+             return f(k * value) + prefix;
+           };
+         }
 
-           return utilRebind(noteEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return {
+           format: newFormat,
+           formatPrefix: formatPrefix
+         };
        }
 
-       function modeSelectNote(context, selectedNoteID) {
-           var mode = {
-               id: 'select-note',
-               button: 'browse'
-           };
+       var locale;
+       var format$1;
+       var formatPrefix;
+       defaultLocale({
+         thousands: ",",
+         grouping: [3],
+         currency: ["$", ""]
+       });
+       function defaultLocale(definition) {
+         locale = formatLocale(definition);
+         format$1 = locale.format;
+         formatPrefix = locale.formatPrefix;
+         return locale;
+       }
 
-           var _keybinding = utilKeybinding('select-note');
-           var _noteEditor = uiNoteEditor(context)
-               .on('change', function() {
-                   context.map().pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
-                   var note = checkSelectedID();
-                   if (!note) return;
-                   context.ui().sidebar
-                       .show(_noteEditor.note(note));
-               });
+       function precisionFixed (step) {
+         return Math.max(0, -exponent(Math.abs(step)));
+       }
 
-           var _behaviors = [
-               behaviorBreathe(),
-               behaviorHover(context),
-               behaviorSelect(context),
-               behaviorLasso(context),
-               modeDragNode(context).behavior,
-               modeDragNote(context).behavior
-           ];
+       function precisionPrefix (step, value) {
+         return Math.max(0, Math.max(-8, Math.min(8, Math.floor(exponent(value) / 3))) * 3 - exponent(Math.abs(step)));
+       }
 
-           var _newFeature = false;
+       function precisionRound (step, max) {
+         step = Math.abs(step), max = Math.abs(max) - step;
+         return Math.max(0, exponent(max) - exponent(step)) + 1;
+       }
 
+       function tickFormat(start, stop, count, specifier) {
+         var step = tickStep(start, stop, count),
+             precision;
+         specifier = formatSpecifier(specifier == null ? ",f" : specifier);
 
-           function checkSelectedID() {
-               if (!services.osm) return;
-               var note = services.osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
-               if (!note) {
-                   context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               }
-               return note;
-           }
+         switch (specifier.type) {
+           case "s":
+             {
+               var value = Math.max(Math.abs(start), Math.abs(stop));
+               if (specifier.precision == null && !isNaN(precision = precisionPrefix(step, value))) specifier.precision = precision;
+               return formatPrefix(specifier, value);
+             }
 
+           case "":
+           case "e":
+           case "g":
+           case "p":
+           case "r":
+             {
+               if (specifier.precision == null && !isNaN(precision = precisionRound(step, Math.max(Math.abs(start), Math.abs(stop))))) specifier.precision = precision - (specifier.type === "e");
+               break;
+             }
 
-           // class the note as selected, or return to browse mode if the note is gone
-           function selectNote(drawn) {
-               if (!checkSelectedID()) return;
+           case "f":
+           case "%":
+             {
+               if (specifier.precision == null && !isNaN(precision = precisionFixed(step))) specifier.precision = precision - (specifier.type === "%") * 2;
+               break;
+             }
+         }
 
-               var selection = context.surface().selectAll('.layer-notes .note-' + selectedNoteID);
+         return format$1(specifier);
+       }
 
-               if (selection.empty()) {
-                   // Return to browse mode if selected DOM elements have
-                   // disappeared because the user moved them out of view..
-                   var source = event && event.type === 'zoom' && event.sourceEvent;
-                   if (drawn && source && (source.type === 'pointermove' || source.type === 'mousemove' || source.type === 'touchmove')) {
-                       context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-                   }
+       function linearish(scale) {
+         var domain = scale.domain;
 
-               } else {
-                   selection
-                       .classed('selected', true);
+         scale.ticks = function (count) {
+           var d = domain();
+           return ticks(d[0], d[d.length - 1], count == null ? 10 : count);
+         };
 
-                   context.selectedNoteID(selectedNoteID);
-               }
-           }
+         scale.tickFormat = function (count, specifier) {
+           var d = domain();
+           return tickFormat(d[0], d[d.length - 1], count == null ? 10 : count, specifier);
+         };
 
+         scale.nice = function (count) {
+           if (count == null) count = 10;
+           var d = domain();
+           var i0 = 0;
+           var i1 = d.length - 1;
+           var start = d[i0];
+           var stop = d[i1];
+           var prestep;
+           var step;
+           var maxIter = 10;
 
-           function esc() {
-               if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           if (stop < start) {
+             step = start, start = stop, stop = step;
+             step = i0, i0 = i1, i1 = step;
            }
 
+           while (maxIter-- > 0) {
+             step = tickIncrement(start, stop, count);
 
-           mode.zoomToSelected = function() {
-               if (!services.osm) return;
-               var note = services.osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
-               if (note) {
-                   context.map().centerZoomEase(note.loc, 20);
-               }
-           };
+             if (step === prestep) {
+               d[i0] = start;
+               d[i1] = stop;
+               return domain(d);
+             } else if (step > 0) {
+               start = Math.floor(start / step) * step;
+               stop = Math.ceil(stop / step) * step;
+             } else if (step < 0) {
+               start = Math.ceil(start * step) / step;
+               stop = Math.floor(stop * step) / step;
+             } else {
+               break;
+             }
 
+             prestep = step;
+           }
 
-           mode.newFeature = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _newFeature;
-               _newFeature = val;
-               return mode;
-           };
+           return scale;
+         };
 
+         return scale;
+       }
+       function linear() {
+         var scale = continuous();
 
-           mode.enter = function() {
-               var note = checkSelectedID();
-               if (!note) return;
+         scale.copy = function () {
+           return copy(scale, linear());
+         };
 
-               _behaviors.forEach(context.install);
+         initRange.apply(scale, arguments);
+         return linearish(scale);
+       }
 
-               _keybinding
-                   .on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected)
-                   .on('⎋', esc, true);
+       // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-math-expm1 -- safe
+       var $expm1 = Math.expm1;
+       var exp$1 = Math.exp;
 
-               select(document)
-                   .call(_keybinding);
+       // `Math.expm1` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-math.expm1
+       var mathExpm1 = (!$expm1
+         // Old FF bug
+         || $expm1(10) > 22025.465794806719 || $expm1(10) < 22025.4657948067165168
+         // Tor Browser bug
+         || $expm1(-2e-17) != -2e-17
+       ) ? function expm1(x) {
+         return (x = +x) == 0 ? x : x > -1e-6 && x < 1e-6 ? x + x * x / 2 : exp$1(x) - 1;
+       } : $expm1;
 
-               selectNote();
+       function quantize() {
+         var x0 = 0,
+             x1 = 1,
+             n = 1,
+             domain = [0.5],
+             range = [0, 1],
+             unknown;
 
-               var sidebar = context.ui().sidebar;
-               sidebar.show(_noteEditor.note(note).newNote(_newFeature));
+         function scale(x) {
+           return x != null && x <= x ? range[bisectRight(domain, x, 0, n)] : unknown;
+         }
 
-               // expand the sidebar, avoid obscuring the note if needed
-               sidebar.expand(sidebar.intersects(note.extent()));
+         function rescale() {
+           var i = -1;
+           domain = new Array(n);
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('drawn.select', selectNote);
-           };
+           while (++i < n) {
+             domain[i] = ((i + 1) * x1 - (i - n) * x0) / (n + 1);
+           }
 
+           return scale;
+         }
 
-           mode.exit = function() {
-               _behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
+         scale.domain = function (_) {
+           var _ref, _ref2;
 
-               select(document)
-                   .call(_keybinding.unbind);
+           return arguments.length ? ((_ref = _, _ref2 = _slicedToArray(_ref, 2), x0 = _ref2[0], x1 = _ref2[1], _ref), x0 = +x0, x1 = +x1, rescale()) : [x0, x1];
+         };
 
-               context.surface()
-                   .selectAll('.layer-notes .selected')
-                   .classed('selected hover', false);
+         scale.range = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (n = (range = Array.from(_)).length - 1, rescale()) : range.slice();
+         };
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('drawn.select', null);
+         scale.invertExtent = function (y) {
+           var i = range.indexOf(y);
+           return i < 0 ? [NaN, NaN] : i < 1 ? [x0, domain[0]] : i >= n ? [domain[n - 1], x1] : [domain[i - 1], domain[i]];
+         };
 
-               context.ui().sidebar
-                   .hide();
+         scale.unknown = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (unknown = _, scale) : scale;
+         };
 
-               context.selectedNoteID(null);
-           };
+         scale.thresholds = function () {
+           return domain.slice();
+         };
 
+         scale.copy = function () {
+           return quantize().domain([x0, x1]).range(range).unknown(unknown);
+         };
 
-           return mode;
+         return initRange.apply(linearish(scale), arguments);
        }
 
-       function modeDragNote(context) {
-           var mode = {
-               id: 'drag-note',
-               button: 'browse'
-           };
-
-           var edit = behaviorEdit(context);
+       var global$3 = global$1o;
+       var uncurryThis$2 = functionUncurryThis;
+       var fails$2 = fails$V;
+       var padStart = stringPad.start;
+
+       var RangeError$2 = global$3.RangeError;
+       var abs$1 = Math.abs;
+       var DatePrototype = Date.prototype;
+       var n$DateToISOString = DatePrototype.toISOString;
+       var getTime = uncurryThis$2(DatePrototype.getTime);
+       var getUTCDate = uncurryThis$2(DatePrototype.getUTCDate);
+       var getUTCFullYear = uncurryThis$2(DatePrototype.getUTCFullYear);
+       var getUTCHours = uncurryThis$2(DatePrototype.getUTCHours);
+       var getUTCMilliseconds = uncurryThis$2(DatePrototype.getUTCMilliseconds);
+       var getUTCMinutes = uncurryThis$2(DatePrototype.getUTCMinutes);
+       var getUTCMonth = uncurryThis$2(DatePrototype.getUTCMonth);
+       var getUTCSeconds = uncurryThis$2(DatePrototype.getUTCSeconds);
+
+       // `Date.prototype.toISOString` method implementation
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-date.prototype.toisostring
+       // PhantomJS / old WebKit fails here:
+       var dateToIsoString = (fails$2(function () {
+         return n$DateToISOString.call(new Date(-5e13 - 1)) != '0385-07-25T07:06:39.999Z';
+       }) || !fails$2(function () {
+         n$DateToISOString.call(new Date(NaN));
+       })) ? function toISOString() {
+         if (!isFinite(getTime(this))) throw RangeError$2('Invalid time value');
+         var date = this;
+         var year = getUTCFullYear(date);
+         var milliseconds = getUTCMilliseconds(date);
+         var sign = year < 0 ? '-' : year > 9999 ? '+' : '';
+         return sign + padStart(abs$1(year), sign ? 6 : 4, 0) +
+           '-' + padStart(getUTCMonth(date) + 1, 2, 0) +
+           '-' + padStart(getUTCDate(date), 2, 0) +
+           'T' + padStart(getUTCHours(date), 2, 0) +
+           ':' + padStart(getUTCMinutes(date), 2, 0) +
+           ':' + padStart(getUTCSeconds(date), 2, 0) +
+           '.' + padStart(milliseconds, 3, 0) +
+           'Z';
+       } : n$DateToISOString;
+
+       var $$4 = _export;
+       var toISOString = dateToIsoString;
+
+       // `Date.prototype.toISOString` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-date.prototype.toisostring
+       // PhantomJS / old WebKit has a broken implementations
+       $$4({ target: 'Date', proto: true, forced: Date.prototype.toISOString !== toISOString }, {
+         toISOString: toISOString
+       });
 
-           var _nudgeInterval;
-           var _lastLoc;
-           var _note;    // most current note.. dragged note may have stale datum.
+       function behaviorBreathe() {
+         var duration = 800;
+         var steps = 4;
+         var selector = '.selected.shadow, .selected .shadow';
 
+         var _selected = select(null);
 
-           function startNudge(nudge) {
-               if (_nudgeInterval) window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
-               _nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function() {
-                   context.map().pan(nudge);
-                   doMove(nudge);
-               }, 50);
-           }
+         var _classed = '';
+         var _params = {};
+         var _done = false;
 
+         var _timer;
 
-           function stopNudge() {
-               if (_nudgeInterval) {
-                   window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
-                   _nudgeInterval = null;
-               }
-           }
+         function ratchetyInterpolator(a, b, steps, units) {
+           a = parseFloat(a);
+           b = parseFloat(b);
+           var sample = quantize().domain([0, 1]).range(d3_quantize(d3_interpolateNumber(a, b), steps));
+           return function (t) {
+             return String(sample(t)) + (units || '');
+           };
+         }
 
+         function reset(selection) {
+           selection.style('stroke-opacity', null).style('stroke-width', null).style('fill-opacity', null).style('r', null);
+         }
 
-           function origin(note) {
-               return context.projection(note.loc);
-           }
+         function setAnimationParams(transition, fromTo) {
+           var toFrom = fromTo === 'from' ? 'to' : 'from';
+           transition.styleTween('stroke-opacity', function (d) {
+             return ratchetyInterpolator(_params[d.id][toFrom].opacity, _params[d.id][fromTo].opacity, steps);
+           }).styleTween('stroke-width', function (d) {
+             return ratchetyInterpolator(_params[d.id][toFrom].width, _params[d.id][fromTo].width, steps, 'px');
+           }).styleTween('fill-opacity', function (d) {
+             return ratchetyInterpolator(_params[d.id][toFrom].opacity, _params[d.id][fromTo].opacity, steps);
+           }).styleTween('r', function (d) {
+             return ratchetyInterpolator(_params[d.id][toFrom].width, _params[d.id][fromTo].width, steps, 'px');
+           });
+         }
 
+         function calcAnimationParams(selection) {
+           selection.call(reset).each(function (d) {
+             var s = select(this);
+             var tag = s.node().tagName;
+             var p = {
+               'from': {},
+               'to': {}
+             };
+             var opacity;
+             var width; // determine base opacity and width
 
-           function start(note) {
-               _note = note;
-               var osm = services.osm;
-               if (osm) {
-                   // Get latest note from cache.. The marker may have a stale datum bound to it
-                   // and dragging it around can sometimes delete the users note comment.
-                   _note = osm.getNote(_note.id);
-               }
+             if (tag === 'circle') {
+               opacity = parseFloat(s.style('fill-opacity') || 0.5);
+               width = parseFloat(s.style('r') || 15.5);
+             } else {
+               opacity = parseFloat(s.style('stroke-opacity') || 0.7);
+               width = parseFloat(s.style('stroke-width') || 10);
+             } // calculate from/to interpolation params..
 
-               context.surface().selectAll('.note-' + _note.id)
-                   .classed('active', true);
 
-               context.perform(actionNoop());
-               context.enter(mode);
-               context.selectedNoteID(_note.id);
-           }
+             p.tag = tag;
+             p.from.opacity = opacity * 0.6;
+             p.to.opacity = opacity * 1.25;
+             p.from.width = width * 0.7;
+             p.to.width = width * (tag === 'circle' ? 1.5 : 1);
+             _params[d.id] = p;
+           });
+         }
 
+         function run(surface, fromTo) {
+           var toFrom = fromTo === 'from' ? 'to' : 'from';
+           var currSelected = surface.selectAll(selector);
+           var currClassed = surface.attr('class');
 
-           function move() {
-               event.sourceEvent.stopPropagation();
-               _lastLoc = context.projection.invert(event.point);
+           if (_done || currSelected.empty()) {
+             _selected.call(reset);
 
-               doMove();
-               var nudge = geoViewportEdge(event.point, context.map().dimensions());
-               if (nudge) {
-                   startNudge(nudge);
-               } else {
-                   stopNudge();
-               }
+             _selected = select(null);
+             return;
            }
 
+           if (!fastDeepEqual(currSelected.data(), _selected.data()) || currClassed !== _classed) {
+             _selected.call(reset);
 
-           function doMove(nudge) {
-               nudge = nudge || [0, 0];
-
-               var currPoint = (event && event.point) || context.projection(_lastLoc);
-               var currMouse = geoVecSubtract(currPoint, nudge);
-               var loc = context.projection.invert(currMouse);
-
-               _note = _note.move(loc);
-
-               var osm = services.osm;
-               if (osm) {
-                   osm.replaceNote(_note);  // update note cache
-               }
-
-               context.replace(actionNoop());   // trigger redraw
+             _classed = currClassed;
+             _selected = currSelected.call(calcAnimationParams);
            }
 
+           var didCallNextRun = false;
 
-           function end() {
-               context.replace(actionNoop());   // trigger redraw
-
-               context
-                   .selectedNoteID(_note.id)
-                   .enter(modeSelectNote(context, _note.id));
-           }
+           _selected.transition().duration(duration).call(setAnimationParams, fromTo).on('end', function () {
+             // `end` event is called for each selected element, but we want
+             // it to run only once
+             if (!didCallNextRun) {
+               surface.call(run, toFrom);
+               didCallNextRun = true;
+             } // if entity was deselected, remove breathe styling
 
 
-           var drag = behaviorDrag()
-               .selector('.layer-touch.markers .target.note.new')
-               .surface(context.container().select('.main-map').node())
-               .origin(origin)
-               .on('start', start)
-               .on('move', move)
-               .on('end', end);
+             if (!select(this).classed('selected')) {
+               reset(select(this));
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
+         function behavior(surface) {
+           _done = false;
+           _timer = timer(function () {
+             // wait for elements to actually become selected
+             if (surface.selectAll(selector).empty()) {
+               return false;
+             }
 
-           mode.enter = function() {
-               context.install(edit);
-           };
+             surface.call(run, 'from');
 
+             _timer.stop();
 
-           mode.exit = function() {
-               context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
-               context.uninstall(edit);
+             return true;
+           }, 20);
+         }
 
-               context.surface()
-                   .selectAll('.active')
-                   .classed('active', false);
+         behavior.restartIfNeeded = function (surface) {
+           if (_selected.empty()) {
+             surface.call(run, 'from');
 
-               stopNudge();
-           };
+             if (_timer) {
+               _timer.stop();
+             }
+           }
+         };
 
-           mode.behavior = drag;
+         behavior.off = function () {
+           _done = true;
 
-           return mode;
-       }
+           if (_timer) {
+             _timer.stop();
+           }
 
-       function uiDataHeader() {
-           var _datum;
+           _selected.interrupt().call(reset);
+         };
 
+         return behavior;
+       }
 
-           function dataHeader(selection) {
-               var header = selection.selectAll('.data-header')
-                   .data(
-                       (_datum ? [_datum] : []),
-                       function(d) { return d.__featurehash__; }
-                   );
+       /* Creates a keybinding behavior for an operation */
+       function behaviorOperation(context) {
+         var _operation;
 
-               header.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         function keypress(d3_event) {
+           // prevent operations during low zoom selection
+           if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
+           if (_operation.availableForKeypress && !_operation.availableForKeypress()) return;
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-               var headerEnter = header.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'data-header');
+           var disabled = _operation.disabled();
 
-               var iconEnter = headerEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'data-header-icon');
+           if (disabled) {
+             context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-operation-' + _operation.id).iconClass('operation disabled').label(_operation.tooltip)();
+           } else {
+             context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#iD-operation-' + _operation.id).iconClass('operation').label(_operation.annotation() || _operation.title)();
+             if (_operation.point) _operation.point(null);
 
-               iconEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'preset-icon-28')
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-data', 'note-fill'));
+             _operation();
+           }
+         }
 
-               headerEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'data-header-label')
-                   .text(_t('map_data.layers.custom.title'));
+         function behavior() {
+           if (_operation && _operation.available()) {
+             context.keybinding().on(_operation.keys, keypress);
            }
 
+           return behavior;
+         }
 
-           dataHeader.datum = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _datum;
-               _datum = val;
-               return this;
-           };
+         behavior.off = function () {
+           context.keybinding().off(_operation.keys);
+         };
 
+         behavior.which = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _operation;
+           _operation = _;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-           return dataHeader;
+         return behavior;
        }
 
-       // This code assumes that the combobox values will not have duplicate entries.
-       // It is keyed on the `value` of the entry. Data should be an array of objects like:
-       //   [{
-       //       value:  'display text',  // required
-       //       title:  'hover text'     // optional
-       //   }, ...]
+       function operationCircularize(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _extent;
 
-       var _comboHideTimerID;
+         var _actions = selectedIDs.map(getAction).filter(Boolean);
 
-       function uiCombobox(context, klass) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('accept', 'cancel');
-           var container = context.container();
+         var _amount = _actions.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
 
-           var _suggestions = [];
-           var _data = [];
-           var _fetched = {};
-           var _selected = null;
-           var _canAutocomplete = true;
-           var _caseSensitive = false;
-           var _cancelFetch = false;
-           var _minItems = 2;
-           var _tDown = 0;
-           var _mouseEnterHandler, _mouseLeaveHandler;
-
-           var _fetcher = function(val, cb) {
-               cb(_data.filter(function(d) {
-                   var terms = d.terms || [];
-                   terms.push(d.value);
-                   return terms.some(function(term) {
-                       return term
-                           .toString()
-                           .toLowerCase()
-                           .indexOf(val.toLowerCase()) !== -1;
-                   });
-               }));
-           };
+         var _coords = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph()).map(function (n) {
+           return n.loc;
+         });
 
-           var combobox = function(input, attachTo) {
-               if (!input || input.empty()) return;
-
-               input
-                   .classed('combobox-input', true)
-                   .on('focus.combo-input', focus)
-                   .on('blur.combo-input', blur)
-                   .on('keydown.combo-input', keydown)
-                   .on('keyup.combo-input', keyup)
-                   .on('input.combo-input', change)
-                   .on('mousedown.combo-input', mousedown)
-                   .each(function() {
-                       var parent = this.parentNode;
-                       var sibling = this.nextSibling;
-
-                       select(parent).selectAll('.combobox-caret')
-                           .filter(function(d) { return d === input.node(); })
-                           .data([input.node()])
-                           .enter()
-                           .insert('div', function() { return sibling; })
-                           .attr('class', 'combobox-caret')
-                           .on('mousedown.combo-caret', function() {
-                               event.preventDefault(); // don't steal focus from input
-                               input.node().focus(); // focus the input as if it was clicked
-                               mousedown();
-                           })
-                           .on('mouseup.combo-caret', function() {
-                               event.preventDefault(); // don't steal focus from input
-                               mouseup();
-                           });
-                   });
+         function getAction(entityID) {
+           var entity = context.entity(entityID);
+           if (entity.type !== 'way' || new Set(entity.nodes).size <= 1) return null;
 
+           if (!_extent) {
+             _extent = entity.extent(context.graph());
+           } else {
+             _extent = _extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
+           }
 
-               function mousedown() {
-                   if (event.button !== 0) return;    // left click only
-                   _tDown = +new Date();
+           return actionCircularize(entityID, context.projection);
+         }
 
-                   // clear selection
-                   var start = input.property('selectionStart');
-                   var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
-                   if (start !== end) {
-                       var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
-                       input.node().setSelectionRange(val.length, val.length);
-                       return;
-                   }
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           if (!_actions.length) return;
 
-                   input.on('mouseup.combo-input', mouseup);
+           var combinedAction = function combinedAction(graph, t) {
+             _actions.forEach(function (action) {
+               if (!action.disabled(graph)) {
+                 graph = action(graph, t);
                }
+             });
 
+             return graph;
+           };
 
-               function mouseup() {
-                   input.on('mouseup.combo-input', null);
-                   if (event.button !== 0) return;    // left click only
-                   if (input.node() !== document.activeElement) return;   // exit if this input is not focused
+           combinedAction.transitionable = true;
+           context.perform(combinedAction, operation.annotation());
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             context.validator().validate();
+           }, 300); // after any transition
+         };
 
-                   var start = input.property('selectionStart');
-                   var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
-                   if (start !== end) return;  // exit if user is selecting
-
-                   // not showing or showing for a different field - try to show it.
-                   var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
-                   if (combo.empty() || combo.datum() !== input.node()) {
-                       var tOrig = _tDown;
-                       window.setTimeout(function() {
-                           if (tOrig !== _tDown) return;   // exit if user double clicked
-                           fetchComboData('', function() {
-                               show();
-                               render();
-                           });
-                       }, 250);
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return _actions.length && selectedIDs.length === _actions.length;
+         }; // don't cache this because the visible extent could change
 
-                   } else {
-                       hide();
-                   }
-               }
 
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (!_actions.length) return '';
 
-               function focus() {
-                   fetchComboData('');   // prefetch values (may warm taginfo cache)
-               }
+           var actionDisableds = _actions.map(function (action) {
+             return action.disabled(context.graph());
+           }).filter(Boolean);
 
+           if (actionDisableds.length === _actions.length) {
+             // none of the features can be circularized
+             if (new Set(actionDisableds).size > 1) {
+               return 'multiple_blockers';
+             }
 
-               function blur() {
-                   _comboHideTimerID = window.setTimeout(hide, 75);
-               }
+             return actionDisableds[0];
+           } else if (_extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           } else if (someMissing()) {
+             return 'not_downloaded';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           }
 
+           return false;
 
-               function show() {
-                   hide();   // remove any existing
+           function someMissing() {
+             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+             var osm = context.connection();
 
-                   container
-                       .insert('div', ':first-child')
-                       .datum(input.node())
-                       .attr('class', 'combobox' + (klass ? ' combobox-' + klass : ''))
-                       .style('position', 'absolute')
-                       .style('display', 'block')
-                       .style('left', '0px')
-                       .on('mousedown.combo-container', function () {
-                           // prevent moving focus out of the input field
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                       });
+             if (osm) {
+               var missing = _coords.filter(function (loc) {
+                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
+               });
 
-                   container
-                       .on('scroll.combo-scroll', render, true);
+               if (missing.length) {
+                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                 });
+                 return true;
                }
+             }
 
+             return false;
+           }
+         };
 
-               function hide() {
-                   if (_comboHideTimerID) {
-                       window.clearTimeout(_comboHideTimerID);
-                       _comboHideTimerID = undefined;
-                   }
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.circularize.' + disable + '.' + _amount) : _t('operations.circularize.description.' + _amount);
+         };
 
-                   container.selectAll('.combobox')
-                       .remove();
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.circularize.annotation.feature', {
+             n: _actions.length
+           });
+         };
 
-                   container
-                       .on('scroll.combo-scroll', null);
-               }
+         operation.id = 'circularize';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.circularize.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.circularize.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
+       // For example, ⌘Z -> Ctrl+Z
 
-               function keydown() {
-                   var shown = !container.selectAll('.combobox').empty();
-                   var tagName = input.node() ? input.node().tagName.toLowerCase() : '';
+       var uiCmd = function uiCmd(code) {
+         var detected = utilDetect();
 
-                   switch (event.keyCode) {
-                       case 8:   // ⌫ Backspace
-                       case 46:  // ⌦ Delete
-                           event.stopPropagation();
-                           _selected = null;
-                           render();
-                           input.on('input.combo-input', function() {
-                               var start = input.property('selectionStart');
-                               input.node().setSelectionRange(start, start);
-                               input.on('input.combo-input', change);
-                           });
-                           break;
-
-                       case 9:   // ⇥ Tab
-                           accept();
-                           break;
-
-                       case 13:  // ↩ Return
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                           event.stopPropagation();
-                           break;
-
-                       case 38:  // ↑ Up arrow
-                           if (tagName === 'textarea' && !shown) return;
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                           if (tagName === 'input' && !shown) {
-                               show();
-                           }
-                           nav(-1);
-                           break;
-
-                       case 40:  // ↓ Down arrow
-                           if (tagName === 'textarea' && !shown) return;
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                           if (tagName === 'input' && !shown) {
-                               show();
-                           }
-                           nav(+1);
-                           break;
-                   }
-               }
+         if (detected.os === 'mac') {
+           return code;
+         }
 
+         if (detected.os === 'win') {
+           if (code === '⌘⇧Z') return 'Ctrl+Y';
+         }
 
-               function keyup() {
-                   switch (event.keyCode) {
-                       case 27:  // ⎋ Escape
-                           cancel();
-                           break;
+         var result = '',
+             replacements = {
+           '⌘': 'Ctrl',
+           '⇧': 'Shift',
+           '⌥': 'Alt',
+           '⌫': 'Backspace',
+           '⌦': 'Delete'
+         };
 
-                       case 13:  // ↩ Return
-                           accept();
-                           break;
-                   }
-               }
+         for (var i = 0; i < code.length; i++) {
+           if (code[i] in replacements) {
+             result += replacements[code[i]] + (i < code.length - 1 ? '+' : '');
+           } else {
+             result += code[i];
+           }
+         }
 
+         return result;
+       }; // return a display-focused string for a given keyboard code
+
+       uiCmd.display = function (code) {
+         if (code.length !== 1) return code;
+         var detected = utilDetect();
+         var mac = detected.os === 'mac';
+         var replacements = {
+           '⌘': mac ? '⌘ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.cmd') : _t('shortcuts.key.ctrl'),
+           '⇧': mac ? '⇧ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.shift') : _t('shortcuts.key.shift'),
+           '⌥': mac ? '⌥ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.option') : _t('shortcuts.key.alt'),
+           '⌃': mac ? '⌃ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.ctrl') : _t('shortcuts.key.ctrl'),
+           '⌫': mac ? '⌫ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.delete') : _t('shortcuts.key.backspace'),
+           '⌦': mac ? '⌦ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.del') : _t('shortcuts.key.del'),
+           '↖': mac ? '↖ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.pgup') : _t('shortcuts.key.pgup'),
+           '↘': mac ? '↘ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.pgdn') : _t('shortcuts.key.pgdn'),
+           '⇞': mac ? '⇞ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.home') : _t('shortcuts.key.home'),
+           '⇟': mac ? '⇟ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.end') : _t('shortcuts.key.end'),
+           '↵': mac ? '⏎ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.return') : _t('shortcuts.key.enter'),
+           '⎋': mac ? '⎋ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.esc') : _t('shortcuts.key.esc'),
+           '☰': mac ? '☰ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.menu') : _t('shortcuts.key.menu')
+         };
+         return replacements[code] || code;
+       };
 
-               // Called whenever the input value is changed (e.g. on typing)
-               function change() {
-                   fetchComboData(value(), function() {
-                       _selected = null;
-                       var val = input.property('value');
+       function operationDelete(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+         var action = actionDeleteMultiple(selectedIDs);
+         var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+         var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
+           return n.loc;
+         });
+         var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
 
-                       if (_suggestions.length) {
-                           if (input.property('selectionEnd') === val.length) {
-                               _selected = tryAutocomplete();
-                           }
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           var nextSelectedID;
+           var nextSelectedLoc;
 
-                           if (!_selected) {
-                               _selected = val;
-                           }
-                       }
+           if (selectedIDs.length === 1) {
+             var id = selectedIDs[0];
+             var entity = context.entity(id);
+             var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
+             var parents = context.graph().parentWays(entity);
+             var parent = parents[0]; // Select the next closest node in the way.
 
-                       if (val.length) {
-                           var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
-                           if (combo.empty()) {
-                               show();
-                           }
-                       } else {
-                           hide();
-                       }
+             if (geometry === 'vertex') {
+               var nodes = parent.nodes;
+               var i = nodes.indexOf(id);
 
-                       render();
-                   });
+               if (i === 0) {
+                 i++;
+               } else if (i === nodes.length - 1) {
+                 i--;
+               } else {
+                 var a = geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, context.entity(nodes[i - 1]).loc);
+                 var b = geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, context.entity(nodes[i + 1]).loc);
+                 i = a < b ? i - 1 : i + 1;
                }
 
+               nextSelectedID = nodes[i];
+               nextSelectedLoc = context.entity(nextSelectedID).loc;
+             }
+           }
 
-               // Called when the user presses up/down arrows to navigate the list
-               function nav(dir) {
-                   if (_suggestions.length) {
-                       // try to determine previously selected index..
-                       var index = -1;
-                       for (var i = 0; i < _suggestions.length; i++) {
-                           if (_selected && _suggestions[i].value === _selected) {
-                               index = i;
-                               break;
-                           }
-                       }
+           context.perform(action, operation.annotation());
+           context.validator().validate();
 
-                       // pick new _selected
-                       index = Math.max(Math.min(index + dir, _suggestions.length - 1), 0);
-                       _selected = _suggestions[index].value;
-                       input.property('value', _selected);
-                   }
+           if (nextSelectedID && nextSelectedLoc) {
+             if (context.hasEntity(nextSelectedID)) {
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [nextSelectedID]).follow(true));
+             } else {
+               context.map().centerEase(nextSelectedLoc);
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             }
+           } else {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }
+         };
 
-                   render();
-                   ensureVisible();
-               }
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return true;
+         };
 
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           } else if (someMissing()) {
+             return 'not_downloaded';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(protectedMember)) {
+             return 'part_of_relation';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
+             return 'incomplete_relation';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(hasWikidataTag)) {
+             return 'has_wikidata_tag';
+           }
 
-               function ensureVisible() {
-                   var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
-                   if (combo.empty()) return;
+           return false;
 
-                   var containerRect = container.node().getBoundingClientRect();
-                   var comboRect = combo.node().getBoundingClientRect();
+           function someMissing() {
+             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+             var osm = context.connection();
 
-                   if (comboRect.bottom > containerRect.bottom) {
-                       var node = attachTo ? attachTo.node() : input.node();
-                       node.scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'instant', block: 'center' });
-                       render();
-                   }
+             if (osm) {
+               var missing = coords.filter(function (loc) {
+                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
+               });
 
-                   // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11039885/scrollintoview-causing-the-whole-page-to-move
-                   var selected = combo.selectAll('.combobox-option.selected').node();
-                   if (selected) {
-                       selected.scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth', block: 'nearest' });
-                   }
+               if (missing.length) {
+                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                 });
+                 return true;
                }
+             }
 
+             return false;
+           }
 
-               function value() {
-                   var value = input.property('value');
-                   var start = input.property('selectionStart');
-                   var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
-
-                   if (start && end) {
-                       value = value.substring(0, start);
-                   }
+           function hasWikidataTag(id) {
+             var entity = context.entity(id);
+             return entity.tags.wikidata && entity.tags.wikidata.trim().length > 0;
+           }
 
-                   return value;
-               }
+           function incompleteRelation(id) {
+             var entity = context.entity(id);
+             return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
+           }
 
+           function protectedMember(id) {
+             var entity = context.entity(id);
+             if (entity.type !== 'way') return false;
+             var parents = context.graph().parentRelations(entity);
 
-               function fetchComboData(v, cb) {
-                   _cancelFetch = false;
+             for (var i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
+               var parent = parents[i];
+               var type = parent.tags.type;
+               var role = parent.memberById(id).role || 'outer';
 
-                   _fetcher.call(input, v, function(results) {
-                       // already chose a value, don't overwrite or autocomplete it
-                       if (_cancelFetch) return;
+               if (type === 'route' || type === 'boundary' || type === 'multipolygon' && role === 'outer') {
+                 return true;
+               }
+             }
 
-                       _suggestions = results;
-                       results.forEach(function(d) { _fetched[d.value] = d; });
+             return false;
+           }
+         };
 
-                       if (cb) {
-                           cb();
-                       }
-                   });
-               }
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.delete.' + disable + '.' + multi) : _t('operations.delete.description.' + multi);
+         };
 
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return selectedIDs.length === 1 ? _t('operations.delete.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(selectedIDs[0])) : _t('operations.delete.annotation.feature', {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
+           });
+         };
 
-               function tryAutocomplete() {
-                   if (!_canAutocomplete) return;
+         operation.id = 'delete';
+         operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘⌫'), uiCmd('⌘⌦'), uiCmd('⌦')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.delete.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-                   var val = _caseSensitive ? value() : value().toLowerCase();
-                   if (!val) return;
+       function operationOrthogonalize(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _extent;
 
-                   // Don't autocomplete if user is typing a number - #4935
-                   if (!isNaN(parseFloat(val)) && isFinite(val)) return;
+         var _type;
 
-                   var bestIndex = -1;
-                   for (var i = 0; i < _suggestions.length; i++) {
-                       var suggestion = _suggestions[i].value;
-                       var compare = _caseSensitive ? suggestion : suggestion.toLowerCase();
+         var _actions = selectedIDs.map(chooseAction).filter(Boolean);
 
-                       // if search string matches suggestion exactly, pick it..
-                       if (compare === val) {
-                           bestIndex = i;
-                           break;
+         var _amount = _actions.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
 
-                       // otherwise lock in the first result that starts with the search string..
-                       } else if (bestIndex === -1 && compare.indexOf(val) === 0) {
-                           bestIndex = i;
-                       }
-                   }
+         var _coords = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph()).map(function (n) {
+           return n.loc;
+         });
 
-                   if (bestIndex !== -1) {
-                       var bestVal = _suggestions[bestIndex].value;
-                       input.property('value', bestVal);
-                       input.node().setSelectionRange(val.length, bestVal.length);
-                       return bestVal;
-                   }
-               }
+         function chooseAction(entityID) {
+           var entity = context.entity(entityID);
+           var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
 
+           if (!_extent) {
+             _extent = entity.extent(context.graph());
+           } else {
+             _extent = _extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
+           } // square a line/area
 
-               function render() {
-                   if (_suggestions.length < _minItems || document.activeElement !== input.node()) {
-                       hide();
-                       return;
-                   }
 
-                   var shown = !container.selectAll('.combobox').empty();
-                   if (!shown) return;
-
-                   var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
-                   var options = combo.selectAll('.combobox-option')
-                       .data(_suggestions, function(d) { return d.value; });
-
-                   options.exit()
-                       .remove();
-
-                   // enter/update
-                   options.enter()
-                       .append('a')
-                       .attr('class', 'combobox-option')
-                       .attr('title', function(d) { return d.title; })
-                       .text(function(d) { return d.display || d.value; })
-                       .on('mouseenter', _mouseEnterHandler)
-                       .on('mouseleave', _mouseLeaveHandler)
-                       .merge(options)
-                       .classed('selected', function(d) { return d.value === _selected; })
-                       .on('click.combo-option', accept)
-                       .order();
-
-                   var node = attachTo ? attachTo.node() : input.node();
-                   var containerRect = container.node().getBoundingClientRect();
-                   var rect = node.getBoundingClientRect();
-
-                   combo
-                       .style('left', (rect.left + 5 - containerRect.left) + 'px')
-                       .style('width', (rect.width - 10) + 'px')
-                       .style('top', (rect.height + rect.top - containerRect.top) + 'px');
-               }
-
-
-               // Dispatches an 'accept' event
-               // Then hides the combobox.
-               function accept(d) {
-                   _cancelFetch = true;
-                   var thiz = input.node();
-
-                   if (d) {   // user clicked on a suggestion
-                       utilGetSetValue(input, d.value);    // replace field contents
-                       utilTriggerEvent(input, 'change');
-                   }
+           if (entity.type === 'way' && new Set(entity.nodes).size > 2) {
+             if (_type && _type !== 'feature') return null;
+             _type = 'feature';
+             return actionOrthogonalize(entityID, context.projection); // square a single vertex
+           } else if (geometry === 'vertex') {
+             if (_type && _type !== 'corner') return null;
+             _type = 'corner';
+             var graph = context.graph();
+             var parents = graph.parentWays(entity);
 
-                   // clear (and keep) selection
-                   var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
-                   thiz.setSelectionRange(val.length, val.length);
+             if (parents.length === 1) {
+               var way = parents[0];
 
-                   d = _fetched[val];
-                   dispatch$1.call('accept', thiz, d, val);
-                   hide();
+               if (way.nodes.indexOf(entityID) !== -1) {
+                 return actionOrthogonalize(way.id, context.projection, entityID);
                }
+             }
+           }
 
+           return null;
+         }
 
-               // Dispatches an 'cancel' event
-               // Then hides the combobox.
-               function cancel() {
-                   _cancelFetch = true;
-                   var thiz = input.node();
-
-                   // clear (and remove) selection, and replace field contents
-                   var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
-                   var start = input.property('selectionStart');
-                   var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
-                   val = val.slice(0, start) + val.slice(end);
-                   utilGetSetValue(input, val);
-                   thiz.setSelectionRange(val.length, val.length);
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           if (!_actions.length) return;
 
-                   dispatch$1.call('cancel', thiz);
-                   hide();
+           var combinedAction = function combinedAction(graph, t) {
+             _actions.forEach(function (action) {
+               if (!action.disabled(graph)) {
+                 graph = action(graph, t);
                }
+             });
 
+             return graph;
            };
 
+           combinedAction.transitionable = true;
+           context.perform(combinedAction, operation.annotation());
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             context.validator().validate();
+           }, 300); // after any transition
+         };
 
-           combobox.canAutocomplete = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _canAutocomplete;
-               _canAutocomplete = val;
-               return combobox;
-           };
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return _actions.length && selectedIDs.length === _actions.length;
+         }; // don't cache this because the visible extent could change
 
-           combobox.caseSensitive = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _caseSensitive;
-               _caseSensitive = val;
-               return combobox;
-           };
 
-           combobox.data = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _data;
-               _data = val;
-               return combobox;
-           };
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (!_actions.length) return '';
 
-           combobox.fetcher = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _fetcher;
-               _fetcher = val;
-               return combobox;
-           };
+           var actionDisableds = _actions.map(function (action) {
+             return action.disabled(context.graph());
+           }).filter(Boolean);
 
-           combobox.minItems = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _minItems;
-               _minItems = val;
-               return combobox;
-           };
+           if (actionDisableds.length === _actions.length) {
+             // none of the features can be squared
+             if (new Set(actionDisableds).size > 1) {
+               return 'multiple_blockers';
+             }
 
-           combobox.itemsMouseEnter = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _mouseEnterHandler;
-               _mouseEnterHandler = val;
-               return combobox;
-           };
+             return actionDisableds[0];
+           } else if (_extent && _extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           } else if (someMissing()) {
+             return 'not_downloaded';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           }
 
-           combobox.itemsMouseLeave = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _mouseLeaveHandler;
-               _mouseLeaveHandler = val;
-               return combobox;
-           };
+           return false;
 
-           return utilRebind(combobox, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           function someMissing() {
+             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+             var osm = context.connection();
+
+             if (osm) {
+               var missing = _coords.filter(function (loc) {
+                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
+               });
+
+               if (missing.length) {
+                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                 });
+                 return true;
+               }
+             }
 
+             return false;
+           }
+         };
 
-       uiCombobox.off = function(input, context) {
-           input
-               .on('focus.combo-input', null)
-               .on('blur.combo-input', null)
-               .on('keydown.combo-input', null)
-               .on('keyup.combo-input', null)
-               .on('input.combo-input', null)
-               .on('mousedown.combo-input', null)
-               .on('mouseup.combo-input', null);
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.orthogonalize.' + disable + '.' + _amount) : _t('operations.orthogonalize.description.' + _type + '.' + _amount);
+         };
 
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.' + _type, {
+             n: _actions.length
+           });
+         };
 
-           context.container()
-               .on('scroll.combo-scroll', null);
-       };
+         operation.id = 'orthogonalize';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.orthogonalize.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.orthogonalize.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-       // toggles the visibility of ui elements, using a combination of the
-       // hide class, which sets display=none, and a d3 transition for opacity.
-       // this will cause blinking when called repeatedly, so check that the
-       // value actually changes between calls.
-       function uiToggle(show, callback) {
-           return function(selection) {
-               selection
-                   .style('opacity', show ? 0 : 1)
-                   .classed('hide', false)
-                   .transition()
-                   .style('opacity', show ? 1 : 0)
-                   .on('end', function() {
-                       select(this)
-                           .classed('hide', !show)
-                           .style('opacity', null);
-                       if (callback) callback.apply(this);
-                   });
-           };
+       function operationReflectShort(context, selectedIDs) {
+         return operationReflect(context, selectedIDs, 'short');
        }
+       function operationReflectLong(context, selectedIDs) {
+         return operationReflect(context, selectedIDs, 'long');
+       }
+       function operationReflect(context, selectedIDs, axis) {
+         axis = axis || 'long';
+         var multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+         var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+         var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
+           return n.loc;
+         });
+         var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           var action = actionReflect(selectedIDs, context.projection).useLongAxis(Boolean(axis === 'long'));
+           context.perform(action, operation.annotation());
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             context.validator().validate();
+           }, 300); // after any transition
+         };
+
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return nodes.length >= 3;
+         }; // don't cache this because the visible extent could change
 
-       function uiDisclosure(context, key, expandedDefault) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('toggled');
-           var _expanded;
-           var _title = utilFunctor('');
-           var _updatePreference = true;
-           var _content = function () {};
 
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           } else if (someMissing()) {
+             return 'not_downloaded';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
+             return 'incomplete_relation';
+           }
+
+           return false;
 
-           var disclosure = function(selection) {
+           function someMissing() {
+             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+             var osm = context.connection();
 
-               if (_expanded === undefined || _expanded === null) {
-                   // loading _expanded here allows it to be reset by calling `disclosure.expanded(null)`
+             if (osm) {
+               var missing = coords.filter(function (loc) {
+                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
+               });
 
-                   var preference = corePreferences('disclosure.' + key + '.expanded');
-                   _expanded = preference === null ? !!expandedDefault : (preference === 'true');
+               if (missing.length) {
+                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                 });
+                 return true;
                }
+             }
+
+             return false;
+           }
+
+           function incompleteRelation(id) {
+             var entity = context.entity(id);
+             return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
+           }
+         };
 
-               var hideToggle = selection.selectAll('.hide-toggle-' + key)
-                   .data([0]);
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.reflect.' + disable + '.' + multi) : _t('operations.reflect.description.' + axis + '.' + multi);
+         };
 
-               // enter
-               var hideToggleEnter = hideToggle.enter()
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('href', '#')
-                   .attr('class', 'hide-toggle hide-toggle-' + key)
-                   .call(svgIcon('', 'pre-text', 'hide-toggle-icon'));
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.reflect.annotation.' + axis + '.feature', {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
+           });
+         };
 
-               hideToggleEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'hide-toggle-text');
+         operation.id = 'reflect-' + axis;
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.reflect.key.' + axis)];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.reflect.title.' + axis);
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-               // update
-               hideToggle = hideToggleEnter
-                   .merge(hideToggle);
+       function operationMove(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+         var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+         var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
+           return n.loc;
+         });
+         var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
 
-               hideToggle
-                   .on('click', toggle)
-                   .classed('expanded', _expanded);
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           context.enter(modeMove(context, selectedIDs));
+         };
 
-               hideToggle.selectAll('.hide-toggle-text')
-                   .text(_title());
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return selectedIDs.length > 0;
+         };
 
-               hideToggle.selectAll('.hide-toggle-icon')
-                   .attr('xlink:href', _expanded ? '#iD-icon-down'
-                       : (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward'
-                   );
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           } else if (someMissing()) {
+             return 'not_downloaded';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
+             return 'incomplete_relation';
+           }
 
+           return false;
 
-               var wrap = selection.selectAll('.disclosure-wrap')
-                   .data([0]);
+           function someMissing() {
+             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+             var osm = context.connection();
 
-               // enter/update
-               wrap = wrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'disclosure-wrap disclosure-wrap-' + key)
-                   .merge(wrap)
-                   .classed('hide', !_expanded);
+             if (osm) {
+               var missing = coords.filter(function (loc) {
+                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
+               });
 
-               if (_expanded) {
-                   wrap
-                       .call(_content);
+               if (missing.length) {
+                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                 });
+                 return true;
                }
+             }
 
+             return false;
+           }
 
-               function toggle() {
-                   event.preventDefault();
+           function incompleteRelation(id) {
+             var entity = context.entity(id);
+             return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
+           }
+         };
 
-                   _expanded = !_expanded;
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.move.' + disable + '.' + multi) : _t('operations.move.description.' + multi);
+         };
 
-                   if (_updatePreference) {
-                       corePreferences('disclosure.' + key + '.expanded', _expanded);
-                   }
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return selectedIDs.length === 1 ? _t('operations.move.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(selectedIDs[0])) : _t('operations.move.annotation.feature', {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
+           });
+         };
 
-                   hideToggle
-                       .classed('expanded', _expanded);
+         operation.id = 'move';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.move.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.move.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         operation.mouseOnly = true;
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-                   hideToggle.selectAll('.hide-toggle-icon')
-                       .attr('xlink:href', _expanded ? '#iD-icon-down'
-                           : (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward'
-                       );
+       function modeRotate(context, entityIDs) {
+         var _tolerancePx = 4; // see also behaviorDrag, behaviorSelect, modeMove
 
-                   wrap
-                       .call(uiToggle(_expanded));
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'rotate',
+           button: 'browse'
+         };
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('rotate');
+         var behaviors = [behaviorEdit(context), operationCircularize(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationDelete(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationMove(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationOrthogonalize(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationReflectLong(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationReflectShort(context, entityIDs).behavior];
+         var annotation = entityIDs.length === 1 ? _t('operations.rotate.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(entityIDs[0])) : _t('operations.rotate.annotation.feature', {
+           n: entityIDs.length
+         });
 
-                   if (_expanded) {
-                       wrap
-                           .call(_content);
-                   }
+         var _prevGraph;
 
-                   dispatch$1.call('toggled', this, _expanded);
-               }
-           };
+         var _prevAngle;
 
+         var _prevTransform;
 
-           disclosure.title = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _title;
-               _title = utilFunctor(val);
-               return disclosure;
-           };
+         var _pivot; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
 
-           disclosure.expanded = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _expanded;
-               _expanded = val;
-               return disclosure;
-           };
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
+         function doRotate(d3_event) {
+           var fn;
 
-           disclosure.updatePreference = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _updatePreference;
-               _updatePreference = val;
-               return disclosure;
-           };
+           if (context.graph() !== _prevGraph) {
+             fn = context.perform;
+           } else {
+             fn = context.replace;
+           } // projection changed, recalculate _pivot
 
 
-           disclosure.content = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _content;
-               _content = val;
-               return disclosure;
-           };
+           var projection = context.projection;
+           var currTransform = projection.transform();
 
+           if (!_prevTransform || currTransform.k !== _prevTransform.k || currTransform.x !== _prevTransform.x || currTransform.y !== _prevTransform.y) {
+             var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(entityIDs, context.graph());
+             var points = nodes.map(function (n) {
+               return projection(n.loc);
+             });
+             _pivot = getPivot(points);
+             _prevAngle = undefined;
+           }
 
-           return utilRebind(disclosure, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           var currMouse = context.map().mouse(d3_event);
+           var currAngle = Math.atan2(currMouse[1] - _pivot[1], currMouse[0] - _pivot[0]);
+           if (typeof _prevAngle === 'undefined') _prevAngle = currAngle;
+           var delta = currAngle - _prevAngle;
+           fn(actionRotate(entityIDs, _pivot, delta, projection));
+           _prevTransform = currTransform;
+           _prevAngle = currAngle;
+           _prevGraph = context.graph();
+         }
 
-       // A unit of controls or info to be used in a layout, such as within a pane.
-       // Can be labeled and collapsible.
-       function uiSection(id, context) {
+         function getPivot(points) {
+           var _pivot;
 
-           var _classes = utilFunctor('');
-           var _shouldDisplay;
-           var _content;
+           if (points.length === 1) {
+             _pivot = points[0];
+           } else if (points.length === 2) {
+             _pivot = geoVecInterp(points[0], points[1], 0.5);
+           } else {
+             var polygonHull = d3_polygonHull(points);
 
-           var _disclosure;
-           var _title;
-           var _expandedByDefault = utilFunctor(true);
-           var _disclosureContent;
-           var _disclosureExpanded;
+             if (polygonHull.length === 2) {
+               _pivot = geoVecInterp(points[0], points[1], 0.5);
+             } else {
+               _pivot = d3_polygonCentroid(d3_polygonHull(points));
+             }
+           }
 
-           var _containerSelection = select(null);
+           return _pivot;
+         }
 
-           var section = {
-               id: id
-           };
+         function finish(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           context.replace(actionNoop(), annotation);
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
+         }
 
-           section.classes = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _classes;
-               _classes = utilFunctor(val);
-               return section;
-           };
+         function cancel() {
+           if (_prevGraph) context.pop(); // remove the rotate
 
-           section.title = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _title;
-               _title = utilFunctor(val);
-               return section;
-           };
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
+         }
 
-           section.expandedByDefault = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _expandedByDefault;
-               _expandedByDefault = utilFunctor(val);
-               return section;
-           };
+         function undone() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         }
 
-           section.shouldDisplay = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _shouldDisplay;
-               _shouldDisplay = utilFunctor(val);
-               return section;
-           };
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           _prevGraph = null;
+           context.features().forceVisible(entityIDs);
+           behaviors.forEach(context.install);
+           var downEvent;
+           context.surface().on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.modeRotate', function (d3_event) {
+             downEvent = d3_event;
+           });
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.modeRotate', doRotate, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.modeRotate', function (d3_event) {
+             if (!downEvent) return;
+             var mapNode = context.container().select('.main-map').node();
+             var pointGetter = utilFastMouse(mapNode);
+             var p1 = pointGetter(downEvent);
+             var p2 = pointGetter(d3_event);
+             var dist = geoVecLength(p1, p2);
+             if (dist <= _tolerancePx) finish(d3_event);
+             downEvent = null;
+           }, true);
+           context.history().on('undone.modeRotate', undone);
+           keybinding.on('⎋', cancel).on('↩', finish);
+           select(document).call(keybinding);
+         };
 
-           section.content = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _content;
-               _content = val;
-               return section;
-           };
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
+           context.surface().on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.modeRotate', null);
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.modeRotate', null, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.modeRotate', null, true);
+           context.history().on('undone.modeRotate', null);
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+           context.features().forceVisible([]);
+         };
 
-           section.disclosureContent = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _disclosureContent;
-               _disclosureContent = val;
-               return section;
-           };
+         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
+           if (!arguments.length) return entityIDs; // no assign
 
-           section.disclosureExpanded = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _disclosureExpanded;
-               _disclosureExpanded = val;
-               return section;
-           };
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-           // may be called multiple times
-           section.render = function(selection) {
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-               _containerSelection = selection
-                   .selectAll('.section-' + id)
-                   .data([0]);
+       function operationRotate(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+         var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+         var coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
+           return n.loc;
+         });
+         var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
 
-               var sectionEnter = _containerSelection
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'section section-' + id + ' ' + (_classes && _classes() || ''));
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           context.enter(modeRotate(context, selectedIDs));
+         };
 
-               _containerSelection = sectionEnter
-                   .merge(_containerSelection);
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return nodes.length >= 2;
+         };
 
-               _containerSelection
-                   .call(renderContent);
-           };
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           } else if (someMissing()) {
+             return 'not_downloaded';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
+             return 'incomplete_relation';
+           }
 
-           section.reRender = function() {
-               _containerSelection
-                   .call(renderContent);
-           };
+           return false;
 
-           section.selection = function() {
-               return _containerSelection;
-           };
+           function someMissing() {
+             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+             var osm = context.connection();
 
-           section.disclosure = function() {
-               return _disclosure;
-           };
+             if (osm) {
+               var missing = coords.filter(function (loc) {
+                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
+               });
 
-           // may be called multiple times
-           function renderContent(selection) {
-               if (_shouldDisplay) {
-                   var shouldDisplay = _shouldDisplay();
-                   selection.classed('hide', !shouldDisplay);
-                   if (!shouldDisplay) {
-                       selection.html('');
-                       return;
-                   }
+               if (missing.length) {
+                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                 });
+                 return true;
                }
+             }
 
-               if (_disclosureContent) {
-                   if (!_disclosure) {
-                       _disclosure = uiDisclosure(context, id.replace(/-/g, '_'), _expandedByDefault())
-                           .title(_title || '')
-                           /*.on('toggled', function(expanded) {
-                               if (expanded) { selection.node().parentNode.scrollTop += 200; }
-                           })*/
-                           .content(_disclosureContent);
-                   }
-                   if (_disclosureExpanded !== undefined) {
-                       _disclosure.expanded(_disclosureExpanded);
-                       _disclosureExpanded = undefined;
-                   }
-                   selection
-                       .call(_disclosure);
-
-                   return;
-               }
+             return false;
+           }
 
-               if (_content) {
-                   selection
-                       .call(_content);
-               }
+           function incompleteRelation(id) {
+             var entity = context.entity(id);
+             return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
            }
+         };
 
-           return section;
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.rotate.' + disable + '.' + multi) : _t('operations.rotate.description.' + multi);
+         };
+
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return selectedIDs.length === 1 ? _t('operations.rotate.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(selectedIDs[0])) : _t('operations.rotate.annotation.feature', {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
+           });
+         };
+
+         operation.id = 'rotate';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.rotate.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.rotate.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         operation.mouseOnly = true;
+         return operation;
        }
 
-       // Pass `which` object of the form:
-       // {
-       //   key: 'string',     // required
-       //   value: 'string'    // optional
-       // }
-       //   -or-
-       // {
-       //   rtype: 'string'    // relation type  (e.g. 'multipolygon')
-       // }
-       //   -or-
-       // {
-       //   qid: 'string'      // brand wikidata  (e.g. 'Q37158')
-       // }
-       //
-       function uiTagReference(what) {
-           var wikibase = what.qid ? services.wikidata : services.osmWikibase;
-           var tagReference = {};
+       function modeMove(context, entityIDs, baseGraph) {
+         var _tolerancePx = 4; // see also behaviorDrag, behaviorSelect, modeRotate
 
-           var _button = select(null);
-           var _body = select(null);
-           var _loaded;
-           var _showing;
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'move',
+           button: 'browse'
+         };
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('move');
+         var behaviors = [behaviorEdit(context), operationCircularize(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationDelete(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationOrthogonalize(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationReflectLong(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationReflectShort(context, entityIDs).behavior, operationRotate(context, entityIDs).behavior];
+         var annotation = entityIDs.length === 1 ? _t('operations.move.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(entityIDs[0])) : _t('operations.move.annotation.feature', {
+           n: entityIDs.length
+         });
 
+         var _prevGraph;
 
-           function load() {
-               if (!wikibase) return;
+         var _cache;
 
-               _button
-                   .classed('tag-reference-loading', true);
+         var _origin;
 
-               wikibase.getDocs(what, gotDocs);
-           }
+         var _nudgeInterval; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
 
-           function gotDocs(err, docs) {
-               _body.html('');
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-               if (!docs || !docs.title) {
-                   _body
-                       .append('p')
-                       .attr('class', 'tag-reference-description')
-                       .text(_t('inspector.no_documentation_key'));
-                   done();
-                   return;
-               }
+         function doMove(nudge) {
+           nudge = nudge || [0, 0];
+           var fn;
 
-               if (docs.imageURL) {
-                   _body
-                       .append('img')
-                       .attr('class', 'tag-reference-wiki-image')
-                       .attr('src', docs.imageURL)
-                       .on('load', function() { done(); })
-                       .on('error', function() { select(this).remove(); done(); });
-               } else {
-                   done();
-               }
-
-               _body
-                   .append('p')
-                   .attr('class', 'tag-reference-description')
-                   .text(docs.description || _t('inspector.no_documentation_key'))
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'tag-reference-edit')
-                   .attr('target', '_blank')
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .attr('title', _t('inspector.edit_reference'))
-                   .attr('href', docs.editURL)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-edit', 'inline'));
-
-               if (docs.wiki) {
-                   _body
-                     .append('a')
-                     .attr('class', 'tag-reference-link')
-                     .attr('target', '_blank')
-                     .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                     .attr('href', docs.wiki.url)
-                     .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
-                     .append('span')
-                     .text(_t(docs.wiki.text));
-               }
-
-               // Add link to info about "good changeset comments" - #2923
-               if (what.key === 'comment') {
-                   _body
-                       .append('a')
-                       .attr('class', 'tag-reference-comment-link')
-                       .attr('target', '_blank')
-                       .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                       .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
-                       .attr('href', _t('commit.about_changeset_comments_link'))
-                       .append('span')
-                       .text(_t('commit.about_changeset_comments'));
-               }
+           if (_prevGraph !== context.graph()) {
+             _cache = {};
+             _origin = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
+             fn = context.perform;
+           } else {
+             fn = context.overwrite;
            }
 
+           var currMouse = context.map().mouse();
+           var origMouse = context.projection(_origin);
+           var delta = geoVecSubtract(geoVecSubtract(currMouse, origMouse), nudge);
+           fn(actionMove(entityIDs, delta, context.projection, _cache));
+           _prevGraph = context.graph();
+         }
 
-           function done() {
-               _loaded = true;
-
-               _button
-                   .classed('tag-reference-loading', false);
+         function startNudge(nudge) {
+           if (_nudgeInterval) window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
+           _nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function () {
+             context.map().pan(nudge);
+             doMove(nudge);
+           }, 50);
+         }
 
-               _body
-                   .classed('expanded', true)
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(200)
-                   .style('max-height', '200px')
-                   .style('opacity', '1');
+         function stopNudge() {
+           if (_nudgeInterval) {
+             window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
+             _nudgeInterval = null;
+           }
+         }
 
-               _showing = true;
+         function move() {
+           doMove();
+           var nudge = geoViewportEdge(context.map().mouse(), context.map().dimensions());
 
-               _button.selectAll('svg.icon use').each(function() {
-                   var iconUse = select(this);
-                   if (iconUse.attr('href') === '#iD-icon-info') {
-                       iconUse.attr('href', '#iD-icon-info-filled');
-                   }
-               });
+           if (nudge) {
+             startNudge(nudge);
+           } else {
+             stopNudge();
            }
+         }
 
+         function finish(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           context.replace(actionNoop(), annotation);
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
+           stopNudge();
+         }
 
-           function hide() {
-               _body
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(200)
-                   .style('max-height', '0px')
-                   .style('opacity', '0')
-                   .on('end', function () {
-                       _body.classed('expanded', false);
-                   });
+         function cancel() {
+           if (baseGraph) {
+             while (context.graph() !== baseGraph) {
+               context.pop();
+             } // reset to baseGraph
 
-               _showing = false;
 
-               _button.selectAll('svg.icon use').each(function() {
-                   var iconUse = select(this);
-                   if (iconUse.attr('href') === '#iD-icon-info-filled') {
-                       iconUse.attr('href', '#iD-icon-info');
-                   }
-               });
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           } else {
+             if (_prevGraph) context.pop(); // remove the move
 
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
            }
 
+           stopNudge();
+         }
 
-           tagReference.button = function(selection, klass, iconName) {
-               _button = selection.selectAll('.tag-reference-button')
-                   .data([0]);
-
-               _button = _button.enter()
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'tag-reference-button ' + klass)
-                   .attr('title', _t('icons.information'))
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + (iconName || 'inspect')))
-                   .merge(_button);
+         function undone() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         }
 
-               _button
-                   .on('click', function () {
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
-                       if (_showing) {
-                           hide();
-                       } else if (_loaded) {
-                           done();
-                       } else {
-                           load();
-                       }
-                   });
-           };
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           _origin = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
+           _prevGraph = null;
+           _cache = {};
+           context.features().forceVisible(entityIDs);
+           behaviors.forEach(context.install);
+           var downEvent;
+           context.surface().on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.modeMove', function (d3_event) {
+             downEvent = d3_event;
+           });
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.modeMove', move, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.modeMove', function (d3_event) {
+             if (!downEvent) return;
+             var mapNode = context.container().select('.main-map').node();
+             var pointGetter = utilFastMouse(mapNode);
+             var p1 = pointGetter(downEvent);
+             var p2 = pointGetter(d3_event);
+             var dist = geoVecLength(p1, p2);
+             if (dist <= _tolerancePx) finish(d3_event);
+             downEvent = null;
+           }, true);
+           context.history().on('undone.modeMove', undone);
+           keybinding.on('⎋', cancel).on('↩', finish);
+           select(document).call(keybinding);
+         };
 
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           stopNudge();
+           behaviors.forEach(function (behavior) {
+             context.uninstall(behavior);
+           });
+           context.surface().on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.modeMove', null);
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.modeMove', null, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.modeMove', null, true);
+           context.history().on('undone.modeMove', null);
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+           context.features().forceVisible([]);
+         };
 
-           tagReference.body = function(selection) {
-               var itemID = what.qid || what.rtype || (what.key + '-' + what.value);
-               _body = selection.selectAll('.tag-reference-body')
-                   .data([itemID], function(d) { return d; });
+         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
+           if (!arguments.length) return entityIDs; // no assign
 
-               _body.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-               _body = _body.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'tag-reference-body')
-                   .style('max-height', '0')
-                   .style('opacity', '0')
-                   .merge(_body);
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-               if (_showing === false) {
-                   hide();
-               }
-           };
+       function behaviorPaste(context) {
+         function doPaste(d3_event) {
+           // prevent paste during low zoom selection
+           if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           var baseGraph = context.graph();
+           var mouse = context.map().mouse();
+           var projection = context.projection;
+           var viewport = geoExtent(projection.clipExtent()).polygon();
+           if (!geoPointInPolygon(mouse, viewport)) return;
+           var oldIDs = context.copyIDs();
+           if (!oldIDs.length) return;
+           var extent = geoExtent();
+           var oldGraph = context.copyGraph();
+           var newIDs = [];
+           var action = actionCopyEntities(oldIDs, oldGraph);
+           context.perform(action);
+           var copies = action.copies();
+           var originals = new Set();
+           Object.values(copies).forEach(function (entity) {
+             originals.add(entity.id);
+           });
 
+           for (var id in copies) {
+             var oldEntity = oldGraph.entity(id);
+             var newEntity = copies[id];
 
-           tagReference.showing = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _showing;
-               _showing = val;
-               return tagReference;
-           };
+             extent._extend(oldEntity.extent(oldGraph)); // Exclude child nodes from newIDs if their parent way was also copied.
 
 
-           return tagReference;
-       }
+             var parents = context.graph().parentWays(newEntity);
+             var parentCopied = parents.some(function (parent) {
+               return originals.has(parent.id);
+             });
 
-       function uiSectionRawTagEditor(id, context) {
+             if (!parentCopied) {
+               newIDs.push(newEntity.id);
+             }
+           } // Put pasted objects where mouse pointer is..
 
-           var section = uiSection(id, context)
-               .classes('raw-tag-editor')
-               .title(function() {
-                   var count = Object.keys(_tags).filter(function(d) { return d; }).length;
-                   return _t('inspector.title_count', { title: _t('inspector.tags'), count: count });
-               })
-               .expandedByDefault(false)
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
-
-           var taginfo = services.taginfo;
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-           var availableViews = [
-               { id: 'text', icon: '#fas-i-cursor' },
-               { id: 'list', icon: '#fas-th-list' }
-           ];
 
-           var _tagView = (corePreferences('raw-tag-editor-view') || 'list');   // 'list, 'text'
-           var _readOnlyTags = [];
-           // the keys in the order we want them to display
-           var _orderedKeys = [];
-           var _showBlank = false;
-           var _pendingChange = null;
-           var _state;
-           var _presets;
-           var _tags;
-           var _entityIDs;
-
-           function renderDisclosureContent(wrap) {
-
-               // remove deleted keys
-               _orderedKeys = _orderedKeys.filter(function(key) {
-                   return _tags[key] !== undefined;
-               });
+           var copyPoint = context.copyLonLat() && projection(context.copyLonLat()) || projection(extent.center());
+           var delta = geoVecSubtract(mouse, copyPoint);
+           context.perform(actionMove(newIDs, delta, projection));
+           context.enter(modeMove(context, newIDs, baseGraph));
+         }
 
-               // When switching to a different entity or changing the state (hover/select)
-               // reorder the keys alphabetically.
-               // We trigger this by emptying the `_orderedKeys` array, then it will be rebuilt here.
-               // Otherwise leave their order alone - #5857, #5927
-               var all = Object.keys(_tags).sort();
-               var missingKeys = utilArrayDifference(all, _orderedKeys);
-               for (var i in missingKeys) {
-                   _orderedKeys.push(missingKeys[i]);
-               }
+         function behavior() {
+           context.keybinding().on(uiCmd('⌘V'), doPaste);
+           return behavior;
+         }
 
-               // assemble row data
-               var rowData = _orderedKeys.map(function(key, i) {
-                   return { index: i, key: key, value: _tags[key] };
-               });
+         behavior.off = function () {
+           context.keybinding().off(uiCmd('⌘V'));
+         };
 
-               // append blank row last, if necessary
-               if (!rowData.length || _showBlank) {
-                   _showBlank = false;
-                   rowData.push({ index: rowData.length, key: '', value: '' });
-               }
+         return behavior;
+       }
 
+       /*
+           `behaviorDrag` is like `d3_behavior.drag`, with the following differences:
 
-               // View Options
-               var options = wrap.selectAll('.raw-tag-options')
-                   .data([0]);
+           * The `origin` function is expected to return an [x, y] tuple rather than an
+             {x, y} object.
+           * The events are `start`, `move`, and `end`.
+             (https://github.com/mbostock/d3/issues/563)
+           * The `start` event is not dispatched until the first cursor movement occurs.
+             (https://github.com/mbostock/d3/pull/368)
+           * The `move` event has a `point` and `delta` [x, y] tuple properties rather
+             than `x`, `y`, `dx`, and `dy` properties.
+           * The `end` event is not dispatched if no movement occurs.
+           * An `off` function is available that unbinds the drag's internal event handlers.
+        */
 
-               options.exit()
-                   .remove();
+       function behaviorDrag() {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('start', 'move', 'end'); // see also behaviorSelect
 
-               var optionsEnter = options.enter()
-                   .insert('div', ':first-child')
-                   .attr('class', 'raw-tag-options');
+         var _tolerancePx = 1; // keep this low to facilitate pixel-perfect micromapping
 
-               var optionEnter = optionsEnter.selectAll('.raw-tag-option')
-                   .data(availableViews, function(d) { return d.id; })
-                   .enter();
+         var _penTolerancePx = 4; // styluses can be touchy so require greater movement - #1981
 
-               optionEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) {
-                       return 'raw-tag-option raw-tag-option-' + d.id + (_tagView === d.id ? ' selected' : '');
-                   })
-                   .attr('title', function(d) { return _t('icons.' + d.id); })
-                   .on('click', function(d) {
-                       _tagView = d.id;
-                       corePreferences('raw-tag-editor-view', d.id);
+         var _origin = null;
+         var _selector = '';
 
-                       wrap.selectAll('.raw-tag-option')
-                           .classed('selected', function(datum) { return datum === d; });
+         var _targetNode;
 
-                       wrap.selectAll('.tag-text')
-                           .classed('hide', (d.id !== 'text'))
-                           .each(setTextareaHeight);
+         var _targetEntity;
 
-                       wrap.selectAll('.tag-list, .add-row')
-                           .classed('hide', (d.id !== 'list'));
-                   })
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       select(this)
-                           .call(svgIcon(d.icon));
-                   });
+         var _surface;
 
+         var _pointerId; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
-               // View as Text
-               var textData = rowsToText(rowData);
-               var textarea = wrap.selectAll('.tag-text')
-                   .data([0]);
 
-               textarea = textarea.enter()
-                   .append('textarea')
-                   .attr('class', 'tag-text' + (_tagView !== 'text' ? ' hide' : ''))
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.key_value'))
-                   .attr('spellcheck', 'false')
-                   .merge(textarea);
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-               textarea
-                   .call(utilGetSetValue, textData)
-                   .each(setTextareaHeight)
-                   .on('input', setTextareaHeight)
-                   .on('blur', textChanged)
-                   .on('change', textChanged);
+         var d3_event_userSelectProperty = utilPrefixCSSProperty('UserSelect');
 
+         var d3_event_userSelectSuppress = function d3_event_userSelectSuppress() {
+           var selection$1 = selection();
+           var select = selection$1.style(d3_event_userSelectProperty);
+           selection$1.style(d3_event_userSelectProperty, 'none');
+           return function () {
+             selection$1.style(d3_event_userSelectProperty, select);
+           };
+         };
 
-               // View as List
-               var list = wrap.selectAll('.tag-list')
-                   .data([0]);
+         function pointerdown(d3_event) {
+           if (_pointerId) return;
+           _pointerId = d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse';
+           _targetNode = this; // only force reflow once per drag
 
-               list = list.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'tag-list' + (_tagView !== 'list' ? ' hide' : ''))
-                   .merge(list);
+           var pointerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(_surface || _targetNode.parentNode);
+           var offset;
+           var startOrigin = pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
+           var started = false;
+           var selectEnable = d3_event_userSelectSuppress();
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag', pointermove).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag pointercancel.drag', pointerup, true);
 
+           if (_origin) {
+             offset = _origin.call(_targetNode, _targetEntity);
+             offset = [offset[0] - startOrigin[0], offset[1] - startOrigin[1]];
+           } else {
+             offset = [0, 0];
+           }
 
-               // Container for the Add button
-               var addRowEnter = wrap.selectAll('.add-row')
-                   .data([0])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'add-row' + (_tagView !== 'list' ? ' hide' : ''));
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
 
-               addRowEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'add-tag')
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus', 'light'))
-                   .on('click', addTag);
+           function pointermove(d3_event) {
+             if (_pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+             var p = pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
 
-               addRowEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'space-value');   // preserve space
+             if (!started) {
+               var dist = geoVecLength(startOrigin, p);
+               var tolerance = d3_event.pointerType === 'pen' ? _penTolerancePx : _tolerancePx; // don't start until the drag has actually moved somewhat
 
-               addRowEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'space-buttons');  // preserve space
+               if (dist < tolerance) return;
+               started = true;
+               dispatch.call('start', this, d3_event, _targetEntity); // Don't send a `move` event in the same cycle as `start` since dragging
+               // a midpoint will convert the target to a node.
+             } else {
+               startOrigin = p;
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               var dx = p[0] - startOrigin[0];
+               var dy = p[1] - startOrigin[1];
+               dispatch.call('move', this, d3_event, _targetEntity, [p[0] + offset[0], p[1] + offset[1]], [dx, dy]);
+             }
+           }
 
+           function pointerup(d3_event) {
+             if (_pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+             _pointerId = null;
 
-               // Tag list items
-               var items = list.selectAll('.tag-row')
-                   .data(rowData, function(d) { return d.key; });
+             if (started) {
+               dispatch.call('end', this, d3_event, _targetEntity);
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+             }
 
-               items.exit()
-                   .each(unbind)
-                   .remove();
+             select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag pointercancel.drag', null);
+             selectEnable();
+           }
+         }
 
+         function behavior(selection) {
+           var matchesSelector = utilPrefixDOMProperty('matchesSelector');
+           var delegate = pointerdown;
 
-               // Enter
-               var itemsEnter = items.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'tag-row')
-                   .classed('readonly', isReadOnly);
+           if (_selector) {
+             delegate = function delegate(d3_event) {
+               var root = this;
+               var target = d3_event.target;
 
-               var innerWrap = itemsEnter.append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'inner-wrap');
+               for (; target && target !== root; target = target.parentNode) {
+                 var datum = target.__data__;
+                 _targetEntity = datum instanceof osmNote ? datum : datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
 
-               innerWrap
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'key-wrap')
-                   .append('input')
-                   .property('type', 'text')
-                   .attr('class', 'key')
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .on('blur', keyChange)
-                   .on('change', keyChange);
-
-               innerWrap
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'value-wrap')
-                   .append('input')
-                   .property('type', 'text')
-                   .attr('class', 'value')
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .on('blur', valueChange)
-                   .on('change', valueChange)
-                   .on('keydown.push-more', pushMore);
-
-               innerWrap
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-button remove')
-                   .attr('title', _t('icons.remove'))
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));
-
-
-               // Update
-               items = items
-                   .merge(itemsEnter)
-                   .sort(function(a, b) { return a.index - b.index; });
-
-               items
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       var row = select(this);
-                       var key = row.select('input.key');      // propagate bound data
-                       var value = row.select('input.value');  // propagate bound data
-
-                       if (_entityIDs && taginfo && _state !== 'hover') {
-                           bindTypeahead(key, value);
-                       }
+                 if (_targetEntity && target[matchesSelector](_selector)) {
+                   return pointerdown.call(target, d3_event);
+                 }
+               }
+             };
+           }
 
-                       var reference;
+           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.drag' + _selector, delegate);
+         }
 
-                       if (typeof d.value !== 'string') {
-                           reference = uiTagReference({ key: d.key });
-                       } else {
-                           var isRelation = _entityIDs && _entityIDs.some(function(entityID) {
-                               return context.entity(entityID).type === 'relation';
-                           });
-                           if (isRelation && d.key === 'type') {
-                               reference = uiTagReference({ rtype: d.value });
-                           } else {
-                               reference = uiTagReference({ key: d.key, value: d.value });
-                           }
-                       }
+         behavior.off = function (selection) {
+           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.drag' + _selector, null);
+         };
 
-                       if (_state === 'hover') {
-                           reference.showing(false);
-                       }
+         behavior.selector = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _selector;
+           _selector = _;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-                       row.select('.inner-wrap')      // propagate bound data
-                           .call(reference.button);
+         behavior.origin = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _origin;
+           _origin = _;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-                       row.call(reference.body);
+         behavior.cancel = function () {
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag pointercancel.drag', null);
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-                       row.select('button.remove');   // propagate bound data
-                   });
+         behavior.targetNode = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _targetNode;
+           _targetNode = _;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-               items.selectAll('input.key')
-                   .attr('title', function(d) { return d.key; })
-                   .call(utilGetSetValue, function(d) { return d.key; })
-                   .attr('readonly', function(d) {
-                       return (isReadOnly(d) || (typeof d.value !== 'string')) || null;
-                   });
+         behavior.targetEntity = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _targetEntity;
+           _targetEntity = _;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-               items.selectAll('input.value')
-                   .attr('title', function(d) {
-                       return Array.isArray(d.value) ? d.value.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : d.value;
-                   })
-                   .classed('mixed', function(d) {
-                       return Array.isArray(d.value);
-                   })
-                   .attr('placeholder', function(d) {
-                       return typeof d.value === 'string' ? null : _t('inspector.multiple_values');
-                   })
-                   .call(utilGetSetValue, function(d) {
-                       return typeof d.value === 'string' ? d.value : '';
-                   })
-                   .attr('readonly', function(d) {
-                       return isReadOnly(d) || null;
-                   });
+         behavior.surface = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _surface;
+           _surface = _;
+           return behavior;
+         };
 
-               items.selectAll('button.remove')
-                   .on(('PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse') + 'down', removeTag);  // 'click' fires too late - #5878
+         return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           }
+       function modeDragNode(context) {
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'drag-node',
+           button: 'browse'
+         };
+         var hover = behaviorHover(context).altDisables(true).on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hover);
+         var edit = behaviorEdit(context);
 
-           function isReadOnly(d) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < _readOnlyTags.length; i++) {
-                   if (d.key.match(_readOnlyTags[i]) !== null) {
-                       return true;
-                   }
-               }
-               return false;
-           }
+         var _nudgeInterval;
 
-           function setTextareaHeight() {
-               if (_tagView !== 'text') return;
+         var _restoreSelectedIDs = [];
+         var _wasMidpoint = false;
+         var _isCancelled = false;
 
-               var selection = select(this);
-               selection.style('height', null);
-               selection.style('height', selection.node().scrollHeight + 5 + 'px');
-           }
+         var _activeEntity;
 
-           function stringify(s) {
-               return JSON.stringify(s).slice(1, -1);   // without leading/trailing "
-           }
+         var _startLoc;
 
-           function unstringify(s) {
-               var leading = '';
-               var trailing = '';
-               if (s.length < 1 || s.charAt(0) !== '"') {
-                   leading = '"';
-               }
-               if (s.length < 2 || s.charAt(s.length - 1) !== '"' ||
-                   (s.charAt(s.length - 1) === '"' && s.charAt(s.length - 2) === '\\')
-               ) {
-                   trailing = '"';
-               }
-               return JSON.parse(leading + s + trailing);
-           }
+         var _lastLoc;
 
-           function rowsToText(rows) {
-               var str = rows
-                   .filter(function(row) { return row.key && row.key.trim() !== ''; })
-                   .map(function(row) {
-                       var rawVal = row.value;
-                       if (typeof rawVal !== 'string') rawVal = '*';
-                       var val = rawVal ? stringify(rawVal) : '';
-                       return stringify(row.key) + '=' + val;
-                   })
-                   .join('\n');
+         function startNudge(d3_event, entity, nudge) {
+           if (_nudgeInterval) window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
+           _nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function () {
+             context.map().pan(nudge);
+             doMove(d3_event, entity, nudge);
+           }, 50);
+         }
 
-               if (_state !== 'hover' && str.length) {
-                   return str + '\n';
-               }
-               return  str;
+         function stopNudge() {
+           if (_nudgeInterval) {
+             window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
+             _nudgeInterval = null;
            }
+         }
 
-           function textChanged() {
-               var newText = this.value.trim();
-               var newTags = {};
-               newText.split('\n').forEach(function(row) {
-                   var m = row.match(/^\s*([^=]+)=(.*)$/);
-                   if (m !== null) {
-                       var k = context.cleanTagKey(unstringify(m[1].trim()));
-                       var v = context.cleanTagValue(unstringify(m[2].trim()));
-                       newTags[k] = v;
-                   }
-               });
-
-               var tagDiff = utilTagDiff(_tags, newTags);
-               if (!tagDiff.length) return;
-
-               _pendingChange  = _pendingChange || {};
-
-               tagDiff.forEach(function(change) {
-                   if (isReadOnly({ key: change.key })) return;
+         function moveAnnotation(entity) {
+           return _t('operations.move.annotation.' + entity.geometry(context.graph()));
+         }
 
-                   // skip unchanged multiselection placeholders
-                   if (change.newVal === '*' && typeof change.oldVal !== 'string') return;
+         function connectAnnotation(nodeEntity, targetEntity) {
+           var nodeGeometry = nodeEntity.geometry(context.graph());
+           var targetGeometry = targetEntity.geometry(context.graph());
 
-                   if (change.type === '-') {
-                       _pendingChange[change.key] = undefined;
-                   } else if (change.type === '+') {
-                       _pendingChange[change.key] = change.newVal || '';
-                   }
-               });
+           if (nodeGeometry === 'vertex' && targetGeometry === 'vertex') {
+             var nodeParentWayIDs = context.graph().parentWays(nodeEntity);
+             var targetParentWayIDs = context.graph().parentWays(targetEntity);
+             var sharedParentWays = utilArrayIntersection(nodeParentWayIDs, targetParentWayIDs); // if both vertices are part of the same way
 
-               if (Object.keys(_pendingChange).length === 0) {
-                   _pendingChange = null;
-                   return;
+             if (sharedParentWays.length !== 0) {
+               // if the nodes are next to each other, they are merged
+               if (sharedParentWays[0].areAdjacent(nodeEntity.id, targetEntity.id)) {
+                 return _t('operations.connect.annotation.from_vertex.to_adjacent_vertex');
                }
 
-               scheduleChange();
-           }
-
-           function pushMore() {
-               // if pressing Tab on the last value field with content, add a blank row
-               if (event.keyCode === 9 && !event.shiftKey &&
-                   section.selection().selectAll('.tag-list li:last-child input.value').node() === this &&
-                   utilGetSetValue(select(this))) {
-                   addTag();
-               }
+               return _t('operations.connect.annotation.from_vertex.to_sibling_vertex');
+             }
            }
 
-           function bindTypeahead(key, value) {
-               if (isReadOnly(key.datum())) return;
+           return _t('operations.connect.annotation.from_' + nodeGeometry + '.to_' + targetGeometry);
+         }
 
-               if (Array.isArray(value.datum().value)) {
-                   value.call(uiCombobox(context, 'tag-value')
-                       .minItems(1)
-                       .fetcher(function(value, callback) {
-                           var keyString = utilGetSetValue(key);
-                           if (!_tags[keyString]) return;
-                           var data = _tags[keyString].filter(Boolean).map(function(tagValue) {
-                               return {
-                                   value: tagValue,
-                                   title: tagValue
-                               };
-                           });
-                           callback(data);
-                       }));
-                   return;
-               }
+         function shouldSnapToNode(target) {
+           if (!_activeEntity) return false;
+           return _activeEntity.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex' || target.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(target, context.graph());
+         }
 
-               var geometry = context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[0]);
+         function origin(entity) {
+           return context.projection(entity.loc);
+         }
 
-               key.call(uiCombobox(context, 'tag-key')
-                   .fetcher(function(value, callback) {
-                       taginfo.keys({
-                           debounce: true,
-                           geometry: geometry,
-                           query: value
-                       }, function(err, data) {
-                           if (!err) {
-                               var filtered = data.filter(function(d) { return _tags[d.value] === undefined; });
-                               callback(sort(value, filtered));
-                           }
-                       });
-                   }));
+         function keydown(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
+             if (context.surface().classed('nope')) {
+               context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed', true);
+             }
 
-               value.call(uiCombobox(context, 'tag-value')
-                   .fetcher(function(value, callback) {
-                       taginfo.values({
-                           debounce: true,
-                           key: utilGetSetValue(key),
-                           geometry: geometry,
-                           query: value
-                       }, function(err, data) {
-                           if (!err) callback(sort(value, data));
-                       });
-                   }));
+             context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-disabled', true);
+           }
+         }
 
+         function keyup(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
+             if (context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed')) {
+               context.surface().classed('nope', true);
+             }
 
-               function sort(value, data) {
-                   var sameletter = [];
-                   var other = [];
-                   for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
-                       if (data[i].value.substring(0, value.length) === value) {
-                           sameletter.push(data[i]);
-                       } else {
-                           other.push(data[i]);
-                       }
-                   }
-                   return sameletter.concat(other);
-               }
+             context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed', false).classed('nope-disabled', false);
            }
+         }
 
-           function unbind() {
-               var row = select(this);
+         function start(d3_event, entity) {
+           _wasMidpoint = entity.type === 'midpoint';
+           var hasHidden = context.features().hasHiddenConnections(entity, context.graph());
+           _isCancelled = !context.editable() || d3_event.shiftKey || hasHidden;
 
-               row.selectAll('input.key')
-                   .call(uiCombobox.off, context);
+           if (_isCancelled) {
+             if (hasHidden) {
+               context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t('modes.drag_node.connected_to_hidden'))();
+             }
 
-               row.selectAll('input.value')
-                   .call(uiCombobox.off, context);
+             return drag.cancel();
            }
 
-           function keyChange(d) {
-               if (select(this).attr('readonly')) return;
+           if (_wasMidpoint) {
+             var midpoint = entity;
+             entity = osmNode();
+             context.perform(actionAddMidpoint(midpoint, entity));
+             entity = context.entity(entity.id); // get post-action entity
 
-               var kOld = d.key;
-
-               // exit if we are currently about to delete this row anyway - #6366
-               if (_pendingChange && _pendingChange.hasOwnProperty(kOld) && _pendingChange[kOld] === undefined) return;
+             var vertex = context.surface().selectAll('.' + entity.id);
+             drag.targetNode(vertex.node()).targetEntity(entity);
+           } else {
+             context.perform(actionNoop());
+           }
 
-               var kNew = context.cleanTagKey(this.value.trim());
+           _activeEntity = entity;
+           _startLoc = entity.loc;
+           hover.ignoreVertex(entity.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex');
+           context.surface().selectAll('.' + _activeEntity.id).classed('active', true);
+           context.enter(mode);
+         } // related code
+         // - `behavior/draw.js` `datum()`
 
-               // allow no change if the key should be readonly
-               if (isReadOnly({ key: kNew })) {
-                   this.value = kOld;
-                   return;
-               }
 
-               if (kNew &&
-                   kNew !== kOld &&
-                   _tags[kNew] !== undefined) {
-                   // new key is already in use, switch focus to the existing row
+         function datum(d3_event) {
+           if (!d3_event || d3_event.altKey) {
+             return {};
+           } else {
+             // When dragging, snap only to touch targets..
+             // (this excludes area fills and active drawing elements)
+             var d = d3_event.target.__data__;
+             return d && d.properties && d.properties.target ? d : {};
+           }
+         }
+
+         function doMove(d3_event, entity, nudge) {
+           nudge = nudge || [0, 0];
+           var currPoint = d3_event && d3_event.point || context.projection(_lastLoc);
+           var currMouse = geoVecSubtract(currPoint, nudge);
+           var loc = context.projection.invert(currMouse);
+           var target, edge;
+
+           if (!_nudgeInterval) {
+             // If not nudging at the edge of the viewport, try to snap..
+             // related code
+             // - `mode/drag_node.js`     `doMove()`
+             // - `behavior/draw.js`      `click()`
+             // - `behavior/draw_way.js`  `move()`
+             var d = datum(d3_event);
+             target = d && d.properties && d.properties.entity;
+             var targetLoc = target && target.loc;
+             var targetNodes = d && d.properties && d.properties.nodes;
+
+             if (targetLoc) {
+               // snap to node/vertex - a point target with `.loc`
+               if (shouldSnapToNode(target)) {
+                 loc = targetLoc;
+               }
+             } else if (targetNodes) {
+               // snap to way - a line target with `.nodes`
+               edge = geoChooseEdge(targetNodes, context.map().mouse(), context.projection, end.id);
 
-                   this.value = kOld;                // reset the key
-                   section.selection().selectAll('.tag-list input.value')
-                       .each(function(d) {
-                           if (d.key === kNew) {     // send focus to that other value combo instead
-                               var input = select(this).node();
-                               input.focus();
-                               input.select();
-                           }
-                       });
-                   return;
+               if (edge) {
+                 loc = edge.loc;
                }
+             }
+           }
 
+           context.replace(actionMoveNode(entity.id, loc)); // Below here: validations
 
-               var row = this.parentNode.parentNode;
-               var inputVal = select(row).selectAll('input.value');
-               var vNew = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(inputVal));
+           var isInvalid = false; // Check if this connection to `target` could cause relations to break..
 
-               _pendingChange = _pendingChange || {};
+           if (target) {
+             isInvalid = hasRelationConflict(entity, target, edge, context.graph());
+           } // Check if this drag causes the geometry to break..
 
-               if (kOld) {
-                   _pendingChange[kOld] = undefined;
-               }
 
-               _pendingChange[kNew] = vNew;
+           if (!isInvalid) {
+             isInvalid = hasInvalidGeometry(entity, context.graph());
+           }
+
+           var nope = context.surface().classed('nope');
 
-               // update the ordered key index so this row doesn't change position
-               var existingKeyIndex = _orderedKeys.indexOf(kOld);
-               if (existingKeyIndex !== -1) _orderedKeys[existingKeyIndex] = kNew;
+           if (isInvalid === 'relation' || isInvalid === 'restriction') {
+             if (!nope) {
+               // about to nope - show hint
+               context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t.html('operations.connect.' + isInvalid, {
+                 relation: _mainPresetIndex.item('type/restriction').name()
+               }))();
+             }
+           } else if (isInvalid) {
+             var errorID = isInvalid === 'line' ? 'lines' : 'areas';
+             context.ui().flash.duration(3000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t.html('self_intersection.error.' + errorID))();
+           } else {
+             if (nope) {
+               // about to un-nope, remove hint
+               context.ui().flash.duration(1).label('')();
+             }
+           }
 
-               d.key = kNew;    // update datum to avoid exit/enter on tag update
-               d.value = vNew;
+           var nopeDisabled = context.surface().classed('nope-disabled');
 
-               this.value = kNew;
-               utilGetSetValue(inputVal, vNew);
-               scheduleChange();
+           if (nopeDisabled) {
+             context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-suppressed', isInvalid);
+           } else {
+             context.surface().classed('nope', isInvalid).classed('nope-suppressed', false);
            }
 
-           function valueChange(d) {
-               if (isReadOnly(d)) return;
+           _lastLoc = loc;
+         } // Uses `actionConnect.disabled()` to know whether this connection is ok..
 
-               // exit if this is a multiselection and no value was entered
-               if (typeof d.value !== 'string' && !this.value) return;
 
-               // exit if we are currently about to delete this row anyway - #6366
-               if (_pendingChange && _pendingChange.hasOwnProperty(d.key) && _pendingChange[d.key] === undefined) return;
+         function hasRelationConflict(entity, target, edge, graph) {
+           var testGraph = graph.update(); // copy
+           // if snapping to way - add midpoint there and consider that the target..
 
-               _pendingChange = _pendingChange || {};
+           if (edge) {
+             var midpoint = osmNode();
+             var action = actionAddMidpoint({
+               loc: edge.loc,
+               edge: [target.nodes[edge.index - 1], target.nodes[edge.index]]
+             }, midpoint);
+             testGraph = action(testGraph);
+             target = midpoint;
+           } // can we connect to it?
 
-               _pendingChange[d.key] = context.cleanTagValue(this.value);
-               scheduleChange();
-           }
 
-           function removeTag(d) {
-               if (isReadOnly(d)) return;
+           var ids = [entity.id, target.id];
+           return actionConnect(ids).disabled(testGraph);
+         }
 
-               if (d.key === '') {    // removing the blank row
-                   _showBlank = false;
-                   section.reRender();
+         function hasInvalidGeometry(entity, graph) {
+           var parents = graph.parentWays(entity);
+           var i, j, k;
 
-               } else {
-                   // remove the key from the ordered key index
-                   _orderedKeys = _orderedKeys.filter(function(key) { return key !== d.key; });
+           for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
+             var parent = parents[i];
+             var nodes = [];
+             var activeIndex = null; // which multipolygon ring contains node being dragged
+             // test any parent multipolygons for valid geometry
 
-                   _pendingChange  = _pendingChange || {};
-                   _pendingChange[d.key] = undefined;
-                   scheduleChange();
-               }
-           }
+             var relations = graph.parentRelations(parent);
 
-           function addTag() {
-               // Delay render in case this click is blurring an edited combo.
-               // Without the setTimeout, the `content` render would wipe out the pending tag change.
-               window.setTimeout(function() {
-                   _showBlank = true;
-                   section.reRender();
-                   section.selection().selectAll('.tag-list li:last-child input.key').node().focus();
-               }, 20);
-           }
+             for (j = 0; j < relations.length; j++) {
+               if (!relations[j].isMultipolygon()) continue;
+               var rings = osmJoinWays(relations[j].members, graph); // find active ring and test it for self intersections
 
-           function scheduleChange() {
-               // Cache IDs in case the editor is reloaded before the change event is called. - #6028
-               var entityIDs = _entityIDs;
+               for (k = 0; k < rings.length; k++) {
+                 nodes = rings[k].nodes;
 
-               // Delay change in case this change is blurring an edited combo. - #5878
-               window.setTimeout(function() {
-                   if (!_pendingChange) return;
+                 if (nodes.find(function (n) {
+                   return n.id === entity.id;
+                 })) {
+                   activeIndex = k;
 
-                   dispatch$1.call('change', this, entityIDs, _pendingChange);
-                   _pendingChange = null;
-               }, 10);
-           }
+                   if (geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, entity.id)) {
+                     return 'multipolygonMember';
+                   }
+                 }
 
+                 rings[k].coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
+                   return n.loc;
+                 });
+               } // test active ring for intersections with other rings in the multipolygon
 
-           section.state = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _state;
-               if (_state !== val) {
-                   _orderedKeys = [];
-                   _state = val;
-               }
-               return section;
-           };
 
+               for (k = 0; k < rings.length; k++) {
+                 if (k === activeIndex) continue; // make sure active ring doesn't cross passive rings
 
-           section.presets = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _presets;
-               _presets = val;
-               if (_presets && _presets.length && _presets[0].isFallback()) {
-                   section.disclosureExpanded(true);
-               } else {
-                   section.disclosureExpanded(null);
+                 if (geoHasLineIntersections(rings[activeIndex].nodes, rings[k].nodes, entity.id)) {
+                   return 'multipolygonRing';
+                 }
                }
-               return section;
-           };
+             } // If we still haven't tested this node's parent way for self-intersections.
+             // (because it's not a member of a multipolygon), test it now.
 
 
-           section.tags = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
-               _tags = val;
-               return section;
-           };
-
+             if (activeIndex === null) {
+               nodes = parent.nodes.map(function (nodeID) {
+                 return graph.entity(nodeID);
+               });
 
-           section.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-               if (!_entityIDs || !val || !utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) {
-                   _entityIDs = val;
-                   _orderedKeys = [];
+               if (nodes.length && geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, entity.id)) {
+                 return parent.geometry(graph);
                }
-               return section;
-           };
+             }
+           }
 
+           return false;
+         }
 
-           // pass an array of regular expressions to test against the tag key
-           section.readOnlyTags = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _readOnlyTags;
-               _readOnlyTags = val;
-               return section;
-           };
+         function move(d3_event, entity, point) {
+           if (_isCancelled) return;
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           context.surface().classed('nope-disabled', d3_event.altKey);
+           _lastLoc = context.projection.invert(point);
+           doMove(d3_event, entity);
+           var nudge = geoViewportEdge(point, context.map().dimensions());
 
+           if (nudge) {
+             startNudge(d3_event, entity, nudge);
+           } else {
+             stopNudge();
+           }
+         }
+
+         function end(d3_event, entity) {
+           if (_isCancelled) return;
+           var wasPoint = entity.geometry(context.graph()) === 'point';
+           var d = datum(d3_event);
+           var nope = d && d.properties && d.properties.nope || context.surface().classed('nope');
+           var target = d && d.properties && d.properties.entity; // entity to snap to
+
+           if (nope) {
+             // bounce back
+             context.perform(_actionBounceBack(entity.id, _startLoc));
+           } else if (target && target.type === 'way') {
+             var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(target), context.map().mouse(), context.projection, entity.id);
+             context.replace(actionAddMidpoint({
+               loc: choice.loc,
+               edge: [target.nodes[choice.index - 1], target.nodes[choice.index]]
+             }, entity), connectAnnotation(entity, target));
+           } else if (target && target.type === 'node' && shouldSnapToNode(target)) {
+             context.replace(actionConnect([target.id, entity.id]), connectAnnotation(entity, target));
+           } else if (_wasMidpoint) {
+             context.replace(actionNoop(), _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex'));
+           } else {
+             context.replace(actionNoop(), moveAnnotation(entity));
+           }
 
-           return utilRebind(section, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           if (wasPoint) {
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entity.id]));
+           } else {
+             var reselection = _restoreSelectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
+               return context.graph().hasEntity(id);
+             });
 
-       function uiDataEditor(context) {
-           var dataHeader = uiDataHeader();
-           var rawTagEditor = uiSectionRawTagEditor('custom-data-tag-editor', context)
-               .expandedByDefault(true)
-               .readOnlyTags([/./]);
-           var _datum;
+             if (reselection.length) {
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, reselection));
+             } else {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
+         function _actionBounceBack(nodeID, toLoc) {
+           var moveNode = actionMoveNode(nodeID, toLoc);
 
-           function dataEditor(selection) {
+           var action = function action(graph, t) {
+             // last time through, pop off the bounceback perform.
+             // it will then overwrite the initial perform with a moveNode that does nothing
+             if (t === 1) context.pop();
+             return moveNode(graph, t);
+           };
 
-               var header = selection.selectAll('.header')
-                   .data([0]);
+           action.transitionable = true;
+           return action;
+         }
 
-               var headerEnter = header.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'header fillL');
+         function cancel() {
+           drag.cancel();
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         }
 
-               headerEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'close')
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-                   })
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+         var drag = behaviorDrag().selector('.layer-touch.points .target').surface(context.container().select('.main-map').node()).origin(origin).on('start', start).on('move', move).on('end', end);
 
-               headerEnter
-                   .append('h3')
-                   .text(_t('map_data.title'));
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           context.install(hover);
+           context.install(edit);
+           select(window).on('keydown.dragNode', keydown).on('keyup.dragNode', keyup);
+           context.history().on('undone.drag-node', cancel);
+         };
 
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
+           context.uninstall(hover);
+           context.uninstall(edit);
+           select(window).on('keydown.dragNode', null).on('keyup.dragNode', null);
+           context.history().on('undone.drag-node', null);
+           _activeEntity = null;
+           context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-suppressed', false).classed('nope-disabled', false).selectAll('.active').classed('active', false);
+           stopNudge();
+         };
 
-               var body = selection.selectAll('.body')
-                   .data([0]);
+         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _activeEntity ? [_activeEntity.id] : []; // no assign
 
-               body = body.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'body')
-                   .merge(body);
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-               var editor = body.selectAll('.data-editor')
-                   .data([0]);
+         mode.activeID = function () {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _activeEntity && _activeEntity.id; // no assign
 
-               // enter/update
-               editor.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'modal-section data-editor')
-                   .merge(editor)
-                   .call(dataHeader.datum(_datum));
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-               var rte = body.selectAll('.raw-tag-editor')
-                   .data([0]);
+         mode.restoreSelectedIDs = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _restoreSelectedIDs;
+           _restoreSelectedIDs = _;
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-               // enter/update
-               rte.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'raw-tag-editor data-editor')
-                   .merge(rte)
-                   .call(rawTagEditor
-                       .tags((_datum && _datum.properties) || {})
-                       .state('hover')
-                       .render
-                   )
-                   .selectAll('textarea.tag-text')
-                   .attr('readonly', true)
-                   .classed('readonly', true);
-           }
+         mode.behavior = drag;
+         return mode;
+       }
 
+       var $$3 = _export;
+       var NativePromise = nativePromiseConstructor;
+       var fails$1 = fails$V;
+       var getBuiltIn = getBuiltIn$b;
+       var isCallable = isCallable$r;
+       var speciesConstructor = speciesConstructor$5;
+       var promiseResolve = promiseResolve$2;
+       var redefine$1 = redefine$h.exports;
 
-           dataEditor.datum = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _datum;
-               _datum = val;
-               return this;
-           };
+       // Safari bug https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=200829
+       var NON_GENERIC = !!NativePromise && fails$1(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line unicorn/no-thenable -- required for testing
+         NativePromise.prototype['finally'].call({ then: function () { /* empty */ } }, function () { /* empty */ });
+       });
 
+       // `Promise.prototype.finally` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-promise.prototype.finally
+       $$3({ target: 'Promise', proto: true, real: true, forced: NON_GENERIC }, {
+         'finally': function (onFinally) {
+           var C = speciesConstructor(this, getBuiltIn('Promise'));
+           var isFunction = isCallable(onFinally);
+           return this.then(
+             isFunction ? function (x) {
+               return promiseResolve(C, onFinally()).then(function () { return x; });
+             } : onFinally,
+             isFunction ? function (e) {
+               return promiseResolve(C, onFinally()).then(function () { throw e; });
+             } : onFinally
+           );
+         }
+       });
 
-           return dataEditor;
+       // makes sure that native promise-based APIs `Promise#finally` properly works with patched `Promise#then`
+       if (isCallable(NativePromise)) {
+         var method = getBuiltIn('Promise').prototype['finally'];
+         if (NativePromise.prototype['finally'] !== method) {
+           redefine$1(NativePromise.prototype, 'finally', method, { unsafe: true });
+         }
        }
 
-       function modeSelectData(context, selectedDatum) {
-           var mode = {
-               id: 'select-data',
-               button: 'browse'
-           };
-
-           var keybinding = utilKeybinding('select-data');
-           var dataEditor = uiDataEditor(context);
-
-           var behaviors = [
-               behaviorBreathe(),
-               behaviorHover(context),
-               behaviorSelect(context),
-               behaviorLasso(context),
-               modeDragNode(context).behavior,
-               modeDragNote(context).behavior
-           ];
+       function quickselect(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
+         quickselectStep(arr, k, left || 0, right || arr.length - 1, compare || defaultCompare);
+       }
 
+       function quickselectStep(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
+         while (right > left) {
+           if (right - left > 600) {
+             var n = right - left + 1;
+             var m = k - left + 1;
+             var z = Math.log(n);
+             var s = 0.5 * Math.exp(2 * z / 3);
+             var sd = 0.5 * Math.sqrt(z * s * (n - s) / n) * (m - n / 2 < 0 ? -1 : 1);
+             var newLeft = Math.max(left, Math.floor(k - m * s / n + sd));
+             var newRight = Math.min(right, Math.floor(k + (n - m) * s / n + sd));
+             quickselectStep(arr, k, newLeft, newRight, compare);
+           }
+
+           var t = arr[k];
+           var i = left;
+           var j = right;
+           swap(arr, left, k);
+           if (compare(arr[right], t) > 0) swap(arr, left, right);
+
+           while (i < j) {
+             swap(arr, i, j);
+             i++;
+             j--;
 
-           // class the data as selected, or return to browse mode if the data is gone
-           function selectData(drawn) {
-               var selection = context.surface().selectAll('.layer-mapdata .data' + selectedDatum.__featurehash__);
+             while (compare(arr[i], t) < 0) {
+               i++;
+             }
 
-               if (selection.empty()) {
-                   // Return to browse mode if selected DOM elements have
-                   // disappeared because the user moved them out of view..
-                   var source = event && event.type === 'zoom' && event.sourceEvent;
-                   if (drawn && source && (source.type === 'pointermove' || source.type === 'mousemove' || source.type === 'touchmove')) {
-                       context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-                   }
-               } else {
-                   selection.classed('selected', true);
-               }
+             while (compare(arr[j], t) > 0) {
+               j--;
+             }
            }
 
-
-           function esc() {
-               if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           if (compare(arr[left], t) === 0) swap(arr, left, j);else {
+             j++;
+             swap(arr, j, right);
            }
+           if (j <= k) left = j + 1;
+           if (k <= j) right = j - 1;
+         }
+       }
 
+       function swap(arr, i, j) {
+         var tmp = arr[i];
+         arr[i] = arr[j];
+         arr[j] = tmp;
+       }
 
-           mode.zoomToSelected = function() {
-               var extent = geoExtent(d3_geoBounds(selectedDatum));
-               context.map().centerZoomEase(extent.center(), context.map().trimmedExtentZoom(extent));
-           };
+       function defaultCompare(a, b) {
+         return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
+       }
 
+       var RBush = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function RBush() {
+           var maxEntries = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : 9;
 
-           mode.enter = function() {
-               behaviors.forEach(context.install);
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, RBush);
 
-               keybinding
-                   .on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected)
-                   .on('⎋', esc, true);
+           // max entries in a node is 9 by default; min node fill is 40% for best performance
+           this._maxEntries = Math.max(4, maxEntries);
+           this._minEntries = Math.max(2, Math.ceil(this._maxEntries * 0.4));
+           this.clear();
+         }
 
-               select(document)
-                   .call(keybinding);
+         _createClass$1(RBush, [{
+           key: "all",
+           value: function all() {
+             return this._all(this.data, []);
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "search",
+           value: function search(bbox) {
+             var node = this.data;
+             var result = [];
+             if (!intersects(bbox, node)) return result;
+             var toBBox = this.toBBox;
+             var nodesToSearch = [];
+
+             while (node) {
+               for (var i = 0; i < node.children.length; i++) {
+                 var child = node.children[i];
+                 var childBBox = node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child;
+
+                 if (intersects(bbox, childBBox)) {
+                   if (node.leaf) result.push(child);else if (contains(bbox, childBBox)) this._all(child, result);else nodesToSearch.push(child);
+                 }
+               }
 
-               selectData();
+               node = nodesToSearch.pop();
+             }
 
-               var sidebar = context.ui().sidebar;
-               sidebar.show(dataEditor.datum(selectedDatum));
+             return result;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "collides",
+           value: function collides(bbox) {
+             var node = this.data;
+             if (!intersects(bbox, node)) return false;
+             var nodesToSearch = [];
+
+             while (node) {
+               for (var i = 0; i < node.children.length; i++) {
+                 var child = node.children[i];
+                 var childBBox = node.leaf ? this.toBBox(child) : child;
+
+                 if (intersects(bbox, childBBox)) {
+                   if (node.leaf || contains(bbox, childBBox)) return true;
+                   nodesToSearch.push(child);
+                 }
+               }
 
-               // expand the sidebar, avoid obscuring the data if needed
-               var extent = geoExtent(d3_geoBounds(selectedDatum));
-               sidebar.expand(sidebar.intersects(extent));
+               node = nodesToSearch.pop();
+             }
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('drawn.select-data', selectData);
-           };
+             return false;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "load",
+           value: function load(data) {
+             if (!(data && data.length)) return this;
 
+             if (data.length < this._minEntries) {
+               for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
+                 this.insert(data[i]);
+               }
 
-           mode.exit = function() {
-               behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
+               return this;
+             } // recursively build the tree with the given data from scratch using OMT algorithm
 
-               select(document)
-                   .call(keybinding.unbind);
 
-               context.surface()
-                   .selectAll('.layer-mapdata .selected')
-                   .classed('selected hover', false);
+             var node = this._build(data.slice(), 0, data.length - 1, 0);
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('drawn.select-data', null);
+             if (!this.data.children.length) {
+               // save as is if tree is empty
+               this.data = node;
+             } else if (this.data.height === node.height) {
+               // split root if trees have the same height
+               this._splitRoot(this.data, node);
+             } else {
+               if (this.data.height < node.height) {
+                 // swap trees if inserted one is bigger
+                 var tmpNode = this.data;
+                 this.data = node;
+                 node = tmpNode;
+               } // insert the small tree into the large tree at appropriate level
 
-               context.ui().sidebar
-                   .hide();
-           };
 
+               this._insert(node, this.data.height - node.height - 1, true);
+             }
 
-           return mode;
-       }
+             return this;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "insert",
+           value: function insert(item) {
+             if (item) this._insert(item, this.data.height - 1);
+             return this;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "clear",
+           value: function clear() {
+             this.data = createNode([]);
+             return this;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "remove",
+           value: function remove(item, equalsFn) {
+             if (!item) return this;
+             var node = this.data;
+             var bbox = this.toBBox(item);
+             var path = [];
+             var indexes = [];
+             var i, parent, goingUp; // depth-first iterative tree traversal
+
+             while (node || path.length) {
+               if (!node) {
+                 // go up
+                 node = path.pop();
+                 parent = path[path.length - 1];
+                 i = indexes.pop();
+                 goingUp = true;
+               }
+
+               if (node.leaf) {
+                 // check current node
+                 var index = findItem(item, node.children, equalsFn);
+
+                 if (index !== -1) {
+                   // item found, remove the item and condense tree upwards
+                   node.children.splice(index, 1);
+                   path.push(node);
 
-       function uiImproveOsmComments() {
-         let _qaItem;
+                   this._condense(path);
 
-         function issueComments(selection) {
-           // make the div immediately so it appears above the buttons
-           let comments = selection.selectAll('.comments-container')
-             .data([0]);
-
-           comments = comments.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'comments-container')
-             .merge(comments);
-
-           // must retrieve comments from API before they can be displayed
-           services.improveOSM.getComments(_qaItem)
-             .then(d => {
-               if (!d.comments) return; // nothing to do here
-
-               const commentEnter = comments.selectAll('.comment')
-                 .data(d.comments)
-                 .enter()
-                 .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'comment');
-
-               commentEnter
-                 .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'comment-avatar')
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-avatar', 'comment-avatar-icon'));
-
-               const mainEnter = commentEnter
-                 .append('div')
-                 .attr('class', 'comment-main');
-
-               const metadataEnter = mainEnter
-                 .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'comment-metadata');
-
-               metadataEnter
-                 .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'comment-author')
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                     const osm = services.osm;
-                     let selection = select(this);
-                     if (osm && d.username) {
-                       selection = selection
-                         .append('a')
-                         .attr('class', 'comment-author-link')
-                         .attr('href', osm.userURL(d.username))
-                         .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                         .attr('target', '_blank');
-                     }
-                     selection
-                       .text(d => d.username);
-                   });
+                   return this;
+                 }
+               }
 
-               metadataEnter
-                 .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'comment-date')
-                   .text(d => _t('note.status.commented', { when: localeDateString(d.timestamp) }));
+               if (!goingUp && !node.leaf && contains(node, bbox)) {
+                 // go down
+                 path.push(node);
+                 indexes.push(i);
+                 i = 0;
+                 parent = node;
+                 node = node.children[0];
+               } else if (parent) {
+                 // go right
+                 i++;
+                 node = parent.children[i];
+                 goingUp = false;
+               } else node = null; // nothing found
 
-               mainEnter
-                 .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'comment-text')
-                 .append('p')
-                   .text(d => d.text);
-           })
-           .catch(err => {
-             console.log(err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
-           });
-         }
+             }
 
-         function localeDateString(s) {
-           if (!s) return null;
-           const options = { day: 'numeric', month: 'short', year: 'numeric' };
-           const d = new Date(s * 1000); // timestamp is served in seconds, date takes ms
-           if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
-           return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
-         }
+             return this;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "toBBox",
+           value: function toBBox(item) {
+             return item;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "compareMinX",
+           value: function compareMinX(a, b) {
+             return a.minX - b.minX;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "compareMinY",
+           value: function compareMinY(a, b) {
+             return a.minY - b.minY;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "toJSON",
+           value: function toJSON() {
+             return this.data;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "fromJSON",
+           value: function fromJSON(data) {
+             this.data = data;
+             return this;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "_all",
+           value: function _all(node, result) {
+             var nodesToSearch = [];
 
-         issueComments.issue = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return issueComments;
-         };
+             while (node) {
+               if (node.leaf) result.push.apply(result, _toConsumableArray(node.children));else nodesToSearch.push.apply(nodesToSearch, _toConsumableArray(node.children));
+               node = nodesToSearch.pop();
+             }
 
-         return issueComments;
-       }
+             return result;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "_build",
+           value: function _build(items, left, right, height) {
+             var N = right - left + 1;
+             var M = this._maxEntries;
+             var node;
+
+             if (N <= M) {
+               // reached leaf level; return leaf
+               node = createNode(items.slice(left, right + 1));
+               calcBBox(node, this.toBBox);
+               return node;
+             }
 
-       function uiImproveOsmDetails(context) {
-         let _qaItem;
+             if (!height) {
+               // target height of the bulk-loaded tree
+               height = Math.ceil(Math.log(N) / Math.log(M)); // target number of root entries to maximize storage utilization
 
+               M = Math.ceil(N / Math.pow(M, height - 1));
+             }
 
-         function issueDetail(d) {
-           if (d.desc) return d.desc;
-           const issueKey = d.issueKey;
-           d.replacements = d.replacements || {};
-           d.replacements.default = _t('inspector.unknown');  // special key `default` works as a fallback string
-           return _t(`QA.improveOSM.error_types.${issueKey}.description`, d.replacements);
-         }
+             node = createNode([]);
+             node.leaf = false;
+             node.height = height; // split the items into M mostly square tiles
 
+             var N2 = Math.ceil(N / M);
+             var N1 = N2 * Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(M));
+             multiSelect(items, left, right, N1, this.compareMinX);
 
-         function improveOsmDetails(selection) {
-           const details = selection.selectAll('.error-details')
-             .data(
-               (_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : []),
-               d => `${d.id}-${d.status || 0}`
-             );
+             for (var i = left; i <= right; i += N1) {
+               var right2 = Math.min(i + N1 - 1, right);
+               multiSelect(items, i, right2, N2, this.compareMinY);
 
-           details.exit()
-             .remove();
-
-           const detailsEnter = details.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'error-details qa-details-container');
-
-
-           // description
-           const descriptionEnter = detailsEnter
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
-
-           descriptionEnter
-             .append('h4')
-               .text(() => _t('QA.keepRight.detail_description'));
-
-           descriptionEnter
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-details-description-text')
-               .html(issueDetail);
-
-           // If there are entity links in the error message..
-           let relatedEntities = [];
-           descriptionEnter.selectAll('.error_entity_link, .error_object_link')
-             .each(function() {
-               const link = select(this);
-               const isObjectLink = link.classed('error_object_link');
-               const entityID = isObjectLink ?
-                 (utilEntityRoot(_qaItem.objectType) + _qaItem.objectId)
-                 : this.textContent;
-               const entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
-
-               relatedEntities.push(entityID);
-
-               // Add click handler
-               link
-                 .on('mouseenter', () => {
-                   utilHighlightEntities([entityID], true, context);
-                 })
-                 .on('mouseleave', () => {
-                   utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
-                 })
-                 .on('click', () => {
-                   event.preventDefault();
+               for (var j = i; j <= right2; j += N2) {
+                 var right3 = Math.min(j + N2 - 1, right2); // pack each entry recursively
 
-                   utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
+                 node.children.push(this._build(items, j, right3, height - 1));
+               }
+             }
 
-                   const osmlayer = context.layers().layer('osm');
-                   if (!osmlayer.enabled()) {
-                     osmlayer.enabled(true);
+             calcBBox(node, this.toBBox);
+             return node;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "_chooseSubtree",
+           value: function _chooseSubtree(bbox, node, level, path) {
+             while (true) {
+               path.push(node);
+               if (node.leaf || path.length - 1 === level) break;
+               var minArea = Infinity;
+               var minEnlargement = Infinity;
+               var targetNode = void 0;
+
+               for (var i = 0; i < node.children.length; i++) {
+                 var child = node.children[i];
+                 var area = bboxArea(child);
+                 var enlargement = enlargedArea(bbox, child) - area; // choose entry with the least area enlargement
+
+                 if (enlargement < minEnlargement) {
+                   minEnlargement = enlargement;
+                   minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
+                   targetNode = child;
+                 } else if (enlargement === minEnlargement) {
+                   // otherwise choose one with the smallest area
+                   if (area < minArea) {
+                     minArea = area;
+                     targetNode = child;
                    }
+                 }
+               }
 
-                   context.map().centerZoom(_qaItem.loc, 20);
-
-                   if (entity) {
-                     context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
-                   } else {
-                     context.loadEntity(entityID, () => {
-                       context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
-                     });
-                   }
-                 });
+               node = targetNode || node.children[0];
+             }
 
-               // Replace with friendly name if possible
-               // (The entity may not yet be loaded into the graph)
-               if (entity) {
-                 let name = utilDisplayName(entity);  // try to use common name
+             return node;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "_insert",
+           value: function _insert(item, level, isNode) {
+             var bbox = isNode ? item : this.toBBox(item);
+             var insertPath = []; // find the best node for accommodating the item, saving all nodes along the path too
 
-                 if (!name && !isObjectLink) {
-                   const preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-                   name = preset && !preset.isFallback() && preset.name();  // fallback to preset name
-                 }
+             var node = this._chooseSubtree(bbox, this.data, level, insertPath); // put the item into the node
 
-                 if (name) {
-                   this.innerText = name;
-                 }
-               }
-             });
 
-           // Don't hide entities related to this error - #5880
-           context.features().forceVisible(relatedEntities);
-           context.map().pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
-         }
+             node.children.push(item);
+             extend$1(node, bbox); // split on node overflow; propagate upwards if necessary
 
-         improveOsmDetails.issue = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return improveOsmDetails;
-         };
+             while (level >= 0) {
+               if (insertPath[level].children.length > this._maxEntries) {
+                 this._split(insertPath, level);
 
-         return improveOsmDetails;
-       }
+                 level--;
+               } else break;
+             } // adjust bboxes along the insertion path
 
-       function uiImproveOsmHeader() {
-         let _qaItem;
 
+             this._adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, insertPath, level);
+           } // split overflowed node into two
 
-         function issueTitle(d) {
-           const issueKey = d.issueKey;
-           d.replacements = d.replacements || {};
-           d.replacements.default = _t('inspector.unknown');  // special key `default` works as a fallback string
-           return _t(`QA.improveOSM.error_types.${issueKey}.title`, d.replacements);
-         }
+         }, {
+           key: "_split",
+           value: function _split(insertPath, level) {
+             var node = insertPath[level];
+             var M = node.children.length;
+             var m = this._minEntries;
 
+             this._chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M);
 
-         function improveOsmHeader(selection) {
-           const header = selection.selectAll('.qa-header')
-             .data(
-               (_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : []),
-               d => `${d.id}-${d.status || 0}`
-             );
+             var splitIndex = this._chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M);
 
-           header.exit()
-             .remove();
-
-           const headerEnter = header.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-header');
-
-           const svgEnter = headerEnter
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-header-icon')
-               .classed('new', d => d.id < 0)
-             .append('svg')
-               .attr('width', '20px')
-               .attr('height', '30px')
-               .attr('viewbox', '0 0 20 30')
-               .attr('class', d => `preset-icon-28 qaItem ${d.service} itemId-${d.id} itemType-${d.itemType}`);
-
-           svgEnter
-             .append('polygon')
-               .attr('fill', 'currentColor')
-               .attr('class', 'qaItem-fill')
-               .attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
-
-           svgEnter
-             .append('use')
-               .attr('class', 'icon-annotation')
-               .attr('width', '13px')
-               .attr('height', '13px')
-               .attr('transform', 'translate(3.5, 5)')
-               .attr('xlink:href', d => {
-                 const picon = d.icon;
-                 if (!picon) {
-                   return '';
-                 } else {
-                   const isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
-                   return `#${picon}${isMaki ? '-11' : ''}`;
+             var newNode = createNode(node.children.splice(splitIndex, node.children.length - splitIndex));
+             newNode.height = node.height;
+             newNode.leaf = node.leaf;
+             calcBBox(node, this.toBBox);
+             calcBBox(newNode, this.toBBox);
+             if (level) insertPath[level - 1].children.push(newNode);else this._splitRoot(node, newNode);
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "_splitRoot",
+           value: function _splitRoot(node, newNode) {
+             // split root node
+             this.data = createNode([node, newNode]);
+             this.data.height = node.height + 1;
+             this.data.leaf = false;
+             calcBBox(this.data, this.toBBox);
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "_chooseSplitIndex",
+           value: function _chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M) {
+             var index;
+             var minOverlap = Infinity;
+             var minArea = Infinity;
+
+             for (var i = m; i <= M - m; i++) {
+               var bbox1 = distBBox(node, 0, i, this.toBBox);
+               var bbox2 = distBBox(node, i, M, this.toBBox);
+               var overlap = intersectionArea(bbox1, bbox2);
+               var area = bboxArea(bbox1) + bboxArea(bbox2); // choose distribution with minimum overlap
+
+               if (overlap < minOverlap) {
+                 minOverlap = overlap;
+                 index = i;
+                 minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
+               } else if (overlap === minOverlap) {
+                 // otherwise choose distribution with minimum area
+                 if (area < minArea) {
+                   minArea = area;
+                   index = i;
                  }
-               });
+               }
+             }
 
-           headerEnter
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-header-label')
-               .text(issueTitle);
-         }
+             return index || M - m;
+           } // sorts node children by the best axis for split
 
-         improveOsmHeader.issue = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return improveOsmHeader;
-         };
+         }, {
+           key: "_chooseSplitAxis",
+           value: function _chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M) {
+             var compareMinX = node.leaf ? this.compareMinX : compareNodeMinX;
+             var compareMinY = node.leaf ? this.compareMinY : compareNodeMinY;
 
-         return improveOsmHeader;
-       }
+             var xMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinX);
 
-       function uiImproveOsmEditor(context) {
-         const dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         const qaDetails = uiImproveOsmDetails(context);
-         const qaComments = uiImproveOsmComments();
-         const qaHeader = uiImproveOsmHeader();
+             var yMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinY); // if total distributions margin value is minimal for x, sort by minX,
+             // otherwise it's already sorted by minY
 
-         let _qaItem;
 
-         function improveOsmEditor(selection) {
+             if (xMargin < yMargin) node.children.sort(compareMinX);
+           } // total margin of all possible split distributions where each node is at least m full
 
-           const headerEnter = selection.selectAll('.header')
-             .data([0])
-             .enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'header fillL');
+         }, {
+           key: "_allDistMargin",
+           value: function _allDistMargin(node, m, M, compare) {
+             node.children.sort(compare);
+             var toBBox = this.toBBox;
+             var leftBBox = distBBox(node, 0, m, toBBox);
+             var rightBBox = distBBox(node, M - m, M, toBBox);
+             var margin = bboxMargin(leftBBox) + bboxMargin(rightBBox);
 
-           headerEnter
-             .append('button')
-               .attr('class', 'close')
-               .on('click', () => context.enter(modeBrowse(context)))
-               .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+             for (var i = m; i < M - m; i++) {
+               var child = node.children[i];
+               extend$1(leftBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
+               margin += bboxMargin(leftBBox);
+             }
 
-           headerEnter
-             .append('h3')
-               .text(_t('QA.improveOSM.title'));
+             for (var _i = M - m - 1; _i >= m; _i--) {
+               var _child = node.children[_i];
+               extend$1(rightBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(_child) : _child);
+               margin += bboxMargin(rightBBox);
+             }
 
-           let body = selection.selectAll('.body')
-             .data([0]);
+             return margin;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "_adjustParentBBoxes",
+           value: function _adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, path, level) {
+             // adjust bboxes along the given tree path
+             for (var i = level; i >= 0; i--) {
+               extend$1(path[i], bbox);
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "_condense",
+           value: function _condense(path) {
+             // go through the path, removing empty nodes and updating bboxes
+             for (var i = path.length - 1, siblings; i >= 0; i--) {
+               if (path[i].children.length === 0) {
+                 if (i > 0) {
+                   siblings = path[i - 1].children;
+                   siblings.splice(siblings.indexOf(path[i]), 1);
+                 } else this.clear();
+               } else calcBBox(path[i], this.toBBox);
+             }
+           }
+         }]);
 
-           body = body.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'body')
-             .merge(body);
+         return RBush;
+       }();
 
-           const editor = body.selectAll('.qa-editor')
-             .data([0]);
+       function findItem(item, items, equalsFn) {
+         if (!equalsFn) return items.indexOf(item);
 
-           editor.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'modal-section qa-editor')
-             .merge(editor)
-               .call(qaHeader.issue(_qaItem))
-               .call(qaDetails.issue(_qaItem))
-               .call(qaComments.issue(_qaItem))
-               .call(improveOsmSaveSection);
+         for (var i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
+           if (equalsFn(item, items[i])) return i;
          }
 
-         function improveOsmSaveSection(selection) {
-           const isSelected = (_qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID());
-           const isShown = (_qaItem && (isSelected || _qaItem.newComment || _qaItem.comment));
-           let saveSection = selection.selectAll('.qa-save')
-             .data(
-               (isShown ? [_qaItem] : []),
-               d => `${d.id}-${d.status || 0}`
-             );
-
-           // exit
-           saveSection.exit()
-             .remove();
-
-           // enter
-           const saveSectionEnter = saveSection.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-save save-section cf');
-
-           saveSectionEnter
-             .append('h4')
-               .attr('class', '.qa-save-header')
-               .text(_t('note.newComment'));
-
-           saveSectionEnter
-             .append('textarea')
-               .attr('class', 'new-comment-input')
-               .attr('placeholder', _t('QA.keepRight.comment_placeholder'))
-               .attr('maxlength', 1000)
-               .property('value', d => d.newComment)
-               .call(utilNoAuto)
-               .on('input', changeInput)
-               .on('blur', changeInput);
-
-           // update
-           saveSection = saveSectionEnter
-             .merge(saveSection)
-               .call(qaSaveButtons);
+         return -1;
+       } // calculate node's bbox from bboxes of its children
 
-           function changeInput() {
-             const input = select(this);
-             let val = input.property('value').trim();
 
-             if (val === '') {
-               val = undefined;
-             }
+       function calcBBox(node, toBBox) {
+         distBBox(node, 0, node.children.length, toBBox, node);
+       } // min bounding rectangle of node children from k to p-1
 
-             // store the unsaved comment with the issue itself
-             _qaItem = _qaItem.update({ newComment: val });
 
-             const qaService = services.improveOSM;
-             if (qaService) {
-               qaService.replaceItem(_qaItem);
-             }
+       function distBBox(node, k, p, toBBox, destNode) {
+         if (!destNode) destNode = createNode(null);
+         destNode.minX = Infinity;
+         destNode.minY = Infinity;
+         destNode.maxX = -Infinity;
+         destNode.maxY = -Infinity;
 
-             saveSection
-               .call(qaSaveButtons);
-           }
+         for (var i = k; i < p; i++) {
+           var child = node.children[i];
+           extend$1(destNode, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
          }
 
-         function qaSaveButtons(selection) {
-           const isSelected = (_qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID());
-           let buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons')
-             .data((isSelected ? [_qaItem] : []), d => d.status + d.id);
-
-           // exit
-           buttonSection.exit()
-             .remove();
-
-           // enter
-           const buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'buttons');
+         return destNode;
+       }
 
-           buttonEnter
-             .append('button')
-               .attr('class', 'button comment-button action')
-               .text(_t('QA.keepRight.save_comment'));
+       function extend$1(a, b) {
+         a.minX = Math.min(a.minX, b.minX);
+         a.minY = Math.min(a.minY, b.minY);
+         a.maxX = Math.max(a.maxX, b.maxX);
+         a.maxY = Math.max(a.maxY, b.maxY);
+         return a;
+       }
 
-           buttonEnter
-             .append('button')
-               .attr('class', 'button close-button action');
+       function compareNodeMinX(a, b) {
+         return a.minX - b.minX;
+       }
 
-           buttonEnter
-             .append('button')
-               .attr('class', 'button ignore-button action');
+       function compareNodeMinY(a, b) {
+         return a.minY - b.minY;
+       }
 
-           // update
-           buttonSection = buttonSection
-             .merge(buttonEnter);
+       function bboxArea(a) {
+         return (a.maxX - a.minX) * (a.maxY - a.minY);
+       }
 
-           buttonSection.select('.comment-button')
-             .attr('disabled', d => d.newComment ? null : true)
-             .on('click.comment', function(d) {
-               this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
-               const qaService = services.improveOSM;
-               if (qaService) {
-                 qaService.postUpdate(d, (err, item) => dispatch$1.call('change', item));
-               }
-             });
+       function bboxMargin(a) {
+         return a.maxX - a.minX + (a.maxY - a.minY);
+       }
 
-           buttonSection.select('.close-button')
-             .text(d => {
-               const andComment = (d.newComment ? '_comment' : '');
-               return _t(`QA.keepRight.close${andComment}`);
-             })
-             .on('click.close', function(d) {
-               this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
-               const qaService = services.improveOSM;
-               if (qaService) {
-                 d.newStatus = 'SOLVED';
-                 qaService.postUpdate(d, (err, item) => dispatch$1.call('change', item));
-               }
-             });
+       function enlargedArea(a, b) {
+         return (Math.max(b.maxX, a.maxX) - Math.min(b.minX, a.minX)) * (Math.max(b.maxY, a.maxY) - Math.min(b.minY, a.minY));
+       }
 
-           buttonSection.select('.ignore-button')
-             .text(d => {
-               const andComment = (d.newComment ? '_comment' : '');
-               return _t(`QA.keepRight.ignore${andComment}`);
-             })
-             .on('click.ignore', function(d) {
-               this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
-               const qaService = services.improveOSM;
-               if (qaService) {
-                 d.newStatus = 'INVALID';
-                 qaService.postUpdate(d, (err, item) => dispatch$1.call('change', item));
-               }
-             });
-         }
+       function intersectionArea(a, b) {
+         var minX = Math.max(a.minX, b.minX);
+         var minY = Math.max(a.minY, b.minY);
+         var maxX = Math.min(a.maxX, b.maxX);
+         var maxY = Math.min(a.maxY, b.maxY);
+         return Math.max(0, maxX - minX) * Math.max(0, maxY - minY);
+       }
 
-         // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
-         improveOsmEditor.error = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return improveOsmEditor;
-         };
+       function contains(a, b) {
+         return a.minX <= b.minX && a.minY <= b.minY && b.maxX <= a.maxX && b.maxY <= a.maxY;
+       }
 
-         return utilRebind(improveOsmEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
+       function intersects(a, b) {
+         return b.minX <= a.maxX && b.minY <= a.maxY && b.maxX >= a.minX && b.maxY >= a.minY;
        }
 
-       function uiKeepRightDetails(context) {
-         let _qaItem;
+       function createNode(children) {
+         return {
+           children: children,
+           height: 1,
+           leaf: true,
+           minX: Infinity,
+           minY: Infinity,
+           maxX: -Infinity,
+           maxY: -Infinity
+         };
+       } // sort an array so that items come in groups of n unsorted items, with groups sorted between each other;
+       // combines selection algorithm with binary divide & conquer approach
 
 
-         function issueDetail(d) {
-           const { itemType, parentIssueType } = d;
-           const unknown = _t('inspector.unknown');
-           let replacements = d.replacements || {};
-           replacements.default = unknown;  // special key `default` works as a fallback string
+       function multiSelect(arr, left, right, n, compare) {
+         var stack = [left, right];
 
-           let detail = _t(`QA.keepRight.errorTypes.${itemType}.description`, replacements);
-           if (detail === unknown) {
-             detail = _t(`QA.keepRight.errorTypes.${parentIssueType}.description`, replacements);
-           }
-           return detail;
+         while (stack.length) {
+           right = stack.pop();
+           left = stack.pop();
+           if (right - left <= n) continue;
+           var mid = left + Math.ceil((right - left) / n / 2) * n;
+           quickselect(arr, mid, left, right, compare);
+           stack.push(left, mid, mid, right);
          }
+       }
 
+       function responseText(response) {
+         if (!response.ok) throw new Error(response.status + " " + response.statusText);
+         return response.text();
+       }
 
-         function keepRightDetails(selection) {
-           const details = selection.selectAll('.error-details')
-             .data(
-               (_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : []),
-               d => `${d.id}-${d.status || 0}`
-             );
-
-           details.exit()
-             .remove();
-
-           const detailsEnter = details.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'error-details qa-details-container');
-
-           // description
-           const descriptionEnter = detailsEnter
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
-
-           descriptionEnter
-             .append('h4')
-               .text(() => _t('QA.keepRight.detail_description'));
-
-           descriptionEnter
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-details-description-text')
-               .html(issueDetail);
-
-           // If there are entity links in the error message..
-           let relatedEntities = [];
-           descriptionEnter.selectAll('.error_entity_link, .error_object_link')
-             .each(function() {
-               const link = select(this);
-               const isObjectLink = link.classed('error_object_link');
-               const entityID = isObjectLink ?
-                 (utilEntityRoot(_qaItem.objectType) + _qaItem.objectId)
-                 : this.textContent;
-               const entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
-
-               relatedEntities.push(entityID);
-
-               // Add click handler
-               link
-                 .on('mouseenter', () => {
-                   utilHighlightEntities([entityID], true, context);
-                 })
-                 .on('mouseleave', () => {
-                   utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
-                 })
-                 .on('click', () => {
-                   event.preventDefault();
+       function d3_text (input, init) {
+         return fetch(input, init).then(responseText);
+       }
 
-                   utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
+       function responseJson(response) {
+         if (!response.ok) throw new Error(response.status + " " + response.statusText);
+         if (response.status === 204 || response.status === 205) return;
+         return response.json();
+       }
 
-                   const osmlayer = context.layers().layer('osm');
-                   if (!osmlayer.enabled()) {
-                     osmlayer.enabled(true);
-                   }
+       function d3_json (input, init) {
+         return fetch(input, init).then(responseJson);
+       }
 
-                   context.map().centerZoomEase(_qaItem.loc, 20);
+       function parser(type) {
+         return function (input, init) {
+           return d3_text(input, init).then(function (text) {
+             return new DOMParser().parseFromString(text, type);
+           });
+         };
+       }
 
-                   if (entity) {
-                     context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
-                   } else {
-                     context.loadEntity(entityID, () => {
-                       context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
-                     });
-                   }
-                 });
+       var d3_xml = parser("application/xml");
+       var svg = parser("image/svg+xml");
 
-               // Replace with friendly name if possible
-               // (The entity may not yet be loaded into the graph)
-               if (entity) {
-                 let name = utilDisplayName(entity);  // try to use common name
+       var tiler$6 = utilTiler();
+       var dispatch$7 = dispatch$8('loaded');
+       var _tileZoom$3 = 14;
+       var _krUrlRoot = 'https://www.keepright.at';
+       var _krData = {
+         errorTypes: {},
+         localizeStrings: {}
+       }; // This gets reassigned if reset
 
-                 if (!name && !isObjectLink) {
-                   const preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-                   name = preset && !preset.isFallback() && preset.name();  // fallback to preset name
-                 }
+       var _cache$2;
 
-                 if (name) {
-                   this.innerText = name;
-                 }
-               }
-             });
+       var _krRuleset = [// no 20 - multiple node on same spot - these are mostly boundaries overlapping roads
+       30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 210, 220, 230, 231, 232, 270, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 300, 310, 311, 312, 313, 320, 350, 360, 370, 380, 390, 400, 401, 402, 410, 411, 412, 413];
 
-           // Don't hide entities related to this issue - #5880
-           context.features().forceVisible(relatedEntities);
-           context.map().pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
+       function abortRequest$6(controller) {
+         if (controller) {
+           controller.abort();
          }
+       }
 
-         keepRightDetails.issue = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return keepRightDetails;
-         };
+       function abortUnwantedRequests$3(cache, tiles) {
+         Object.keys(cache.inflightTile).forEach(function (k) {
+           var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
+             return k === tile.id;
+           });
 
-         return keepRightDetails;
+           if (!wanted) {
+             abortRequest$6(cache.inflightTile[k]);
+             delete cache.inflightTile[k];
+           }
+         });
        }
 
-       function uiKeepRightHeader() {
-         let _qaItem;
+       function encodeIssueRtree$2(d) {
+         return {
+           minX: d.loc[0],
+           minY: d.loc[1],
+           maxX: d.loc[0],
+           maxY: d.loc[1],
+           data: d
+         };
+       } // Replace or remove QAItem from rtree
 
 
-         function issueTitle(d) {
-           const { itemType, parentIssueType } = d;
-           const unknown = _t('inspector.unknown');
-           let replacements = d.replacements || {};
-           replacements.default = unknown;  // special key `default` works as a fallback string
+       function updateRtree$3(item, replace) {
+         _cache$2.rtree.remove(item, function (a, b) {
+           return a.data.id === b.data.id;
+         });
 
-           let title = _t(`QA.keepRight.errorTypes.${itemType}.title`, replacements);
-           if (title === unknown) {
-             title = _t(`QA.keepRight.errorTypes.${parentIssueType}.title`, replacements);
-           }
-           return title;
+         if (replace) {
+           _cache$2.rtree.insert(item);
          }
+       }
 
+       function tokenReplacements(d) {
+         if (!(d instanceof QAItem)) return;
+         var replacements = {};
+         var issueTemplate = _krData.errorTypes[d.whichType];
 
-         function keepRightHeader(selection) {
-           const header = selection.selectAll('.qa-header')
-             .data(
-               (_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : []),
-               d => `${d.id}-${d.status || 0}`
-             );
-
-           header.exit()
-             .remove();
+         if (!issueTemplate) {
+           /* eslint-disable no-console */
+           console.log('No Template: ', d.whichType);
+           console.log('  ', d.description);
+           /* eslint-enable no-console */
 
-           const headerEnter = header.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-header');
+           return;
+         } // some descriptions are just fixed text
 
-           const iconEnter = headerEnter
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-header-icon')
-               .classed('new', d => d.id < 0);
 
-           iconEnter
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', d => `preset-icon-28 qaItem ${d.service} itemId-${d.id} itemType-${d.parentIssueType}`)
-               .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-bolt', 'qaItem-fill'));
+         if (!issueTemplate.regex) return; // regex pattern should match description with variable details captured
 
-           headerEnter
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-header-label')
-               .text(issueTitle);
-         }
+         var errorRegex = new RegExp(issueTemplate.regex, 'i');
+         var errorMatch = errorRegex.exec(d.description);
 
+         if (!errorMatch) {
+           /* eslint-disable no-console */
+           console.log('Unmatched: ', d.whichType);
+           console.log('  ', d.description);
+           console.log('  ', errorRegex);
+           /* eslint-enable no-console */
 
-         keepRightHeader.issue = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return keepRightHeader;
-         };
+           return;
+         }
 
-         return keepRightHeader;
-       }
+         for (var i = 1; i < errorMatch.length; i++) {
+           // skip first
+           var capture = errorMatch[i];
+           var idType = void 0;
+           idType = 'IDs' in issueTemplate ? issueTemplate.IDs[i - 1] : '';
 
-       function uiViewOnKeepRight() {
-         let _qaItem;
+           if (idType && capture) {
+             // link IDs if present in the capture
+             capture = parseError(capture, idType);
+           } else {
+             var compare = capture.toLowerCase();
 
-         function viewOnKeepRight(selection) {
-           let url;
-           if (services.keepRight && (_qaItem instanceof QAItem)) {
-             url = services.keepRight.issueURL(_qaItem);
+             if (_krData.localizeStrings[compare]) {
+               // some replacement strings can be localized
+               capture = _t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.' + _krData.localizeStrings[compare]);
+             } else {
+               capture = unescape$3(capture);
+             }
            }
 
-           const link = selection.selectAll('.view-on-keepRight')
-             .data(url ? [url] : []);
+           replacements['var' + i] = capture;
+         }
 
-           // exit
-           link.exit()
-             .remove();
+         return replacements;
+       }
 
-           // enter
-           const linkEnter = link.enter()
-             .append('a')
-               .attr('class', 'view-on-keepRight')
-               .attr('target', '_blank')
-               .attr('rel', 'noopener') // security measure
-               .attr('href', d => d)
-               .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));
+       function parseError(capture, idType) {
+         var compare = capture.toLowerCase();
 
-           linkEnter
-             .append('span')
-               .text(_t('inspector.view_on_keepRight'));
+         if (_krData.localizeStrings[compare]) {
+           // some replacement strings can be localized
+           capture = _t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.' + _krData.localizeStrings[compare]);
          }
 
-         viewOnKeepRight.what = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return viewOnKeepRight;
-         };
+         switch (idType) {
+           // link a string like "this node"
+           case 'this':
+             capture = linkErrorObject(capture);
+             break;
 
-         return viewOnKeepRight;
-       }
+           case 'url':
+             capture = linkURL(capture);
+             break;
+           // link an entity ID
 
-       function uiKeepRightEditor(context) {
-         const dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         const qaDetails = uiKeepRightDetails(context);
-         const qaHeader = uiKeepRightHeader();
+           case 'n':
+           case 'w':
+           case 'r':
+             capture = linkEntity(idType + capture);
+             break;
+           // some errors have more complex ID lists/variance
 
-         let _qaItem;
+           case '20':
+             capture = parse20(capture);
+             break;
 
-         function keepRightEditor(selection) {
+           case '211':
+             capture = parse211(capture);
+             break;
 
-           const headerEnter = selection.selectAll('.header')
-             .data([0])
-             .enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           case '231':
+             capture = parse231(capture);
+             break;
 
-           headerEnter
-             .append('button')
-               .attr('class', 'close')
-               .on('click', () => context.enter(modeBrowse(context)))
-               .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           case '294':
+             capture = parse294(capture);
+             break;
 
-           headerEnter
-             .append('h3')
-               .text(_t('QA.keepRight.title'));
+           case '370':
+             capture = parse370(capture);
+             break;
+         }
 
+         return capture;
 
-           let body = selection.selectAll('.body')
-             .data([0]);
+         function linkErrorObject(d) {
+           return {
+             html: "<a class=\"error_object_link\">".concat(d, "</a>")
+           };
+         }
 
-           body = body.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'body')
-             .merge(body);
+         function linkEntity(d) {
+           return {
+             html: "<a class=\"error_entity_link\">".concat(d, "</a>")
+           };
+         }
 
-           const editor = body.selectAll('.qa-editor')
-             .data([0]);
+         function linkURL(d) {
+           return {
+             html: "<a class=\"kr_external_link\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"".concat(d, "\">").concat(d, "</a>")
+           };
+         } // arbitrary node list of form: #ID, #ID, #ID...
 
-           editor.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'modal-section qa-editor')
-             .merge(editor)
-               .call(qaHeader.issue(_qaItem))
-               .call(qaDetails.issue(_qaItem))
-               .call(keepRightSaveSection);
 
+         function parse211(capture) {
+           var newList = [];
+           var items = capture.split(', ');
+           items.forEach(function (item) {
+             // ID has # at the front
+             var id = linkEntity('n' + item.slice(1));
+             newList.push(id);
+           });
+           return newList.join(', ');
+         } // arbitrary way list of form: #ID(layer),#ID(layer),#ID(layer)...
 
-           const footer = selection.selectAll('.footer')
-             .data([0]);
 
-           footer.enter()
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'footer')
-             .merge(footer)
-             .call(uiViewOnKeepRight().what(_qaItem));
-         }
+         function parse231(capture) {
+           var newList = []; // unfortunately 'layer' can itself contain commas, so we split on '),'
 
+           var items = capture.split('),');
+           items.forEach(function (item) {
+             var match = item.match(/\#(\d+)\((.+)\)?/);
 
-         function keepRightSaveSection(selection) {
-           const isSelected = (_qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID());
-           const isShown = (_qaItem && (isSelected || _qaItem.newComment || _qaItem.comment));
-           let saveSection = selection.selectAll('.qa-save')
-             .data(
-               (isShown ? [_qaItem] : []),
-               d => `${d.id}-${d.status || 0}`
-             );
+             if (match !== null && match.length > 2) {
+               newList.push(linkEntity('w' + match[1]) + ' ' + _t('QA.keepRight.errorTypes.231.layer', {
+                 layer: match[2]
+               }));
+             }
+           });
+           return newList.join(', ');
+         } // arbitrary node/relation list of form: from node #ID,to relation #ID,to node #ID...
 
-           // exit
-           saveSection.exit()
-             .remove();
 
-           // enter
-           const saveSectionEnter = saveSection.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-save save-section cf');
-
-           saveSectionEnter
-             .append('h4')
-               .attr('class', '.qa-save-header')
-               .text(_t('QA.keepRight.comment'));
-
-           saveSectionEnter
-             .append('textarea')
-               .attr('class', 'new-comment-input')
-               .attr('placeholder', _t('QA.keepRight.comment_placeholder'))
-               .attr('maxlength', 1000)
-               .property('value', d => d.newComment || d.comment)
-               .call(utilNoAuto)
-               .on('input', changeInput)
-               .on('blur', changeInput);
+         function parse294(capture) {
+           var newList = [];
+           var items = capture.split(',');
+           items.forEach(function (item) {
+             // item of form "from/to node/relation #ID"
+             item = item.split(' '); // to/from role is more clear in quotes
 
-           // update
-           saveSection = saveSectionEnter
-             .merge(saveSection)
-               .call(qaSaveButtons);
+             var role = "\"".concat(item[0], "\""); // first letter of node/relation provides the type
 
-           function changeInput() {
-             const input = select(this);
-             let val = input.property('value').trim();
+             var idType = item[1].slice(0, 1); // ID has # at the front
 
-             if (val === _qaItem.comment) {
-               val = undefined;
-             }
+             var id = item[2].slice(1);
+             id = linkEntity(idType + id);
+             newList.push("".concat(role, " ").concat(item[1], " ").concat(id));
+           });
+           return newList.join(', ');
+         } // may or may not include the string "(including the name 'name')"
 
-             // store the unsaved comment with the issue itself
-             _qaItem = _qaItem.update({ newComment: val });
 
-             const qaService = services.keepRight;
-             if (qaService) {
-               qaService.replaceItem(_qaItem);  // update keepright cache
-             }
+         function parse370(capture) {
+           if (!capture) return '';
+           var match = capture.match(/\(including the name (\'.+\')\)/);
 
-             saveSection
-               .call(qaSaveButtons);
+           if (match && match.length) {
+             return _t('QA.keepRight.errorTypes.370.including_the_name', {
+               name: match[1]
+             });
            }
-         }
 
+           return '';
+         } // arbitrary node list of form: #ID,#ID,#ID...
 
-         function qaSaveButtons(selection) {
-           const isSelected = (_qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID());
-           let buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons')
-             .data((isSelected ? [_qaItem] : []), d => d.status + d.id);
-
-           // exit
-           buttonSection.exit()
-             .remove();
 
-           // enter
-           const buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'buttons');
+         function parse20(capture) {
+           var newList = [];
+           var items = capture.split(',');
+           items.forEach(function (item) {
+             // ID has # at the front
+             var id = linkEntity('n' + item.slice(1));
+             newList.push(id);
+           });
+           return newList.join(', ');
+         }
+       }
 
-           buttonEnter
-             .append('button')
-               .attr('class', 'button comment-button action')
-               .text(_t('QA.keepRight.save_comment'));
+       var serviceKeepRight = {
+         title: 'keepRight',
+         init: function init() {
+           _mainFileFetcher.get('keepRight').then(function (d) {
+             return _krData = d;
+           });
 
-           buttonEnter
-             .append('button')
-               .attr('class', 'button close-button action');
+           if (!_cache$2) {
+             this.reset();
+           }
 
-           buttonEnter
-             .append('button')
-               .attr('class', 'button ignore-button action');
+           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$7, 'on');
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           if (_cache$2) {
+             Object.values(_cache$2.inflightTile).forEach(abortRequest$6);
+           }
 
-           // update
-           buttonSection = buttonSection
-             .merge(buttonEnter);
+           _cache$2 = {
+             data: {},
+             loadedTile: {},
+             inflightTile: {},
+             inflightPost: {},
+             closed: {},
+             rtree: new RBush()
+           };
+         },
+         // KeepRight API:  http://osm.mueschelsoft.de/keepright/interfacing.php
+         loadIssues: function loadIssues(projection) {
+           var _this = this;
 
-           buttonSection.select('.comment-button')   // select and propagate data
-             .attr('disabled', d => d.newComment ? null : true)
-             .on('click.comment', function(d) {
-               this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
-               const qaService = services.keepRight;
-               if (qaService) {
-                 qaService.postUpdate(d, (err, item) => dispatch$1.call('change', item));
-               }
-             });
+           var options = {
+             format: 'geojson',
+             ch: _krRuleset
+           }; // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
 
-           buttonSection.select('.close-button')   // select and propagate data
-             .text(d => {
-               const andComment = (d.newComment ? '_comment' : '');
-               return _t(`QA.keepRight.close${andComment}`);
-             })
-             .on('click.close', function(d) {
-               this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
-               const qaService = services.keepRight;
-               if (qaService) {
-                 d.newStatus = 'ignore_t';   // ignore temporarily (item fixed)
-                 qaService.postUpdate(d, (err, item) => dispatch$1.call('change', item));
-               }
-             });
+           var tiles = tiler$6.zoomExtent([_tileZoom$3, _tileZoom$3]).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
 
-           buttonSection.select('.ignore-button')   // select and propagate data
-             .text(d => {
-               const andComment = (d.newComment ? '_comment' : '');
-               return _t(`QA.keepRight.ignore${andComment}`);
-             })
-             .on('click.ignore', function(d) {
-               this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
-               const qaService = services.keepRight;
-               if (qaService) {
-                 d.newStatus = 'ignore';   // ignore permanently (false positive)
-                 qaService.postUpdate(d, (err, item) => dispatch$1.call('change', item));
-               }
-             });
-         }
+           abortUnwantedRequests$3(_cache$2, tiles); // issue new requests..
 
-         // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
-         keepRightEditor.error = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return keepRightEditor;
-         };
+           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+             if (_cache$2.loadedTile[tile.id] || _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id]) return;
 
-         return utilRebind(keepRightEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+             var _tile$extent$rectangl = tile.extent.rectangle(),
+                 _tile$extent$rectangl2 = _slicedToArray(_tile$extent$rectangl, 4),
+                 left = _tile$extent$rectangl2[0],
+                 top = _tile$extent$rectangl2[1],
+                 right = _tile$extent$rectangl2[2],
+                 bottom = _tile$extent$rectangl2[3];
+
+             var params = Object.assign({}, options, {
+               left: left,
+               bottom: bottom,
+               right: right,
+               top: top
+             });
+             var url = "".concat(_krUrlRoot, "/export.php?") + utilQsString(params);
+             var controller = new AbortController();
+             _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id] = controller;
+             d3_json(url, {
+               signal: controller.signal
+             }).then(function (data) {
+               delete _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id];
+               _cache$2.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
+
+               if (!data || !data.features || !data.features.length) {
+                 throw new Error('No Data');
+               }
+
+               data.features.forEach(function (feature) {
+                 var _feature$properties = feature.properties,
+                     itemType = _feature$properties.error_type,
+                     id = _feature$properties.error_id,
+                     _feature$properties$c = _feature$properties.comment,
+                     comment = _feature$properties$c === void 0 ? null : _feature$properties$c,
+                     objectId = _feature$properties.object_id,
+                     objectType = _feature$properties.object_type,
+                     schema = _feature$properties.schema,
+                     title = _feature$properties.title;
+                 var loc = feature.geometry.coordinates,
+                     _feature$properties$d = feature.properties.description,
+                     description = _feature$properties$d === void 0 ? '' : _feature$properties$d; // if there is a parent, save its error type e.g.:
+                 //  Error 191 = "highway-highway"
+                 //  Error 190 = "intersections without junctions"  (parent)
+
+                 var issueTemplate = _krData.errorTypes[itemType];
+                 var parentIssueType = (Math.floor(itemType / 10) * 10).toString(); // try to handle error type directly, fallback to parent error type.
+
+                 var whichType = issueTemplate ? itemType : parentIssueType;
+                 var whichTemplate = _krData.errorTypes[whichType]; // Rewrite a few of the errors at this point..
+                 // This is done to make them easier to linkify and translate.
+
+                 switch (whichType) {
+                   case '170':
+                     description = "This feature has a FIXME tag: ".concat(description);
+                     break;
 
-       function uiOsmoseDetails(context) {
-         let _qaItem;
+                   case '292':
+                   case '293':
+                     description = description.replace('A turn-', 'This turn-');
+                     break;
 
-         function issueString(d, type) {
-           if (!d) return '';
+                   case '294':
+                   case '295':
+                   case '296':
+                   case '297':
+                   case '298':
+                     description = "This turn-restriction~".concat(description);
+                     break;
 
-           // Issue strings are cached from Osmose API
-           const s = services.osmose.getStrings(d.itemType);
-           return (type in s) ? s[type] : '';
-         }
+                   case '300':
+                     description = 'This highway is missing a maxspeed tag';
+                     break;
 
+                   case '411':
+                   case '412':
+                   case '413':
+                     description = "This feature~".concat(description);
+                     break;
+                 } // move markers slightly so it doesn't obscure the geometry,
+                 // then move markers away from other coincident markers
+
+
+                 var coincident = false;
+
+                 do {
+                   // first time, move marker up. after that, move marker right.
+                   var delta = coincident ? [0.00001, 0] : [0, 0.00001];
+                   loc = geoVecAdd(loc, delta);
+                   var bbox = geoExtent(loc).bbox();
+                   coincident = _cache$2.rtree.search(bbox).length;
+                 } while (coincident);
+
+                 var d = new QAItem(loc, _this, itemType, id, {
+                   comment: comment,
+                   description: description,
+                   whichType: whichType,
+                   parentIssueType: parentIssueType,
+                   severity: whichTemplate.severity || 'error',
+                   objectId: objectId,
+                   objectType: objectType,
+                   schema: schema,
+                   title: title
+                 });
+                 d.replacements = tokenReplacements(d);
+                 _cache$2.data[id] = d;
 
-         function osmoseDetails(selection) {
-           const details = selection.selectAll('.error-details')
-             .data(
-               _qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [],
-               d => `${d.id}-${d.status || 0}`
-             );
+                 _cache$2.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$2(d));
+               });
+               dispatch$7.call('loaded');
+             })["catch"](function () {
+               delete _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id];
+               _cache$2.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
+             });
+           });
+         },
+         postUpdate: function postUpdate(d, callback) {
+           var _this2 = this;
 
-           details.exit()
-             .remove();
+           if (_cache$2.inflightPost[d.id]) {
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Error update already inflight',
+               status: -2
+             }, d);
+           }
 
-           const detailsEnter = details.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'error-details qa-details-container');
+           var params = {
+             schema: d.schema,
+             id: d.id
+           };
 
+           if (d.newStatus) {
+             params.st = d.newStatus;
+           }
 
-           // Description
-           if (issueString(_qaItem, 'detail')) {
-             const div = detailsEnter
-               .append('div')
-                 .attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
+           if (d.newComment !== undefined) {
+             params.co = d.newComment;
+           } // NOTE: This throws a CORS err, but it seems successful.
+           // We don't care too much about the response, so this is fine.
 
-             div
-               .append('h4')
-                 .text(() => _t('QA.keepRight.detail_description'));
 
-             div
-               .append('p')
-                 .attr('class', 'qa-details-description-text')
-                 .html(d => issueString(d, 'detail'))
-               .selectAll('a')
-                 .attr('rel', 'noopener')
-                 .attr('target', '_blank');
-           }
+           var url = "".concat(_krUrlRoot, "/comment.php?") + utilQsString(params);
+           var controller = new AbortController();
+           _cache$2.inflightPost[d.id] = controller; // Since this is expected to throw an error just continue as if it worked
+           // (worst case scenario the request truly fails and issue will show up if iD restarts)
 
-           // Elements (populated later as data is requested)
-           const detailsDiv = detailsEnter
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
+           d3_json(url, {
+             signal: controller.signal
+           })["finally"](function () {
+             delete _cache$2.inflightPost[d.id];
 
-           const elemsDiv = detailsEnter
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
+             if (d.newStatus === 'ignore') {
+               // ignore permanently (false positive)
+               _this2.removeItem(d);
+             } else if (d.newStatus === 'ignore_t') {
+               // ignore temporarily (error fixed)
+               _this2.removeItem(d);
 
-           // Suggested Fix (musn't exist for every issue type)
-           if (issueString(_qaItem, 'fix')) {
-             const div = detailsEnter
-               .append('div')
-                 .attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
+               _cache$2.closed["".concat(d.schema, ":").concat(d.id)] = true;
+             } else {
+               d = _this2.replaceItem(d.update({
+                 comment: d.newComment,
+                 newComment: undefined,
+                 newState: undefined
+               }));
+             }
 
-             div
-               .append('h4')
-                 .text(() => _t('QA.osmose.fix_title'));
+             if (callback) callback(null, d);
+           });
+         },
+         // Get all cached QAItems covering the viewport
+         getItems: function getItems(projection) {
+           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
+           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
+           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
+           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+           return _cache$2.rtree.search(bbox).map(function (d) {
+             return d.data;
+           });
+         },
+         // Get a QAItem from cache
+         // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
+         getError: function getError(id) {
+           return _cache$2.data[id];
+         },
+         // Replace a single QAItem in the cache
+         replaceItem: function replaceItem(item) {
+           if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) return;
+           _cache$2.data[item.id] = item;
+           updateRtree$3(encodeIssueRtree$2(item), true); // true = replace
 
-             div
-               .append('p')
-                 .html(d => issueString(d, 'fix'))
-               .selectAll('a')
-                 .attr('rel', 'noopener')
-                 .attr('target', '_blank');
-           }
+           return item;
+         },
+         // Remove a single QAItem from the cache
+         removeItem: function removeItem(item) {
+           if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) return;
+           delete _cache$2.data[item.id];
+           updateRtree$3(encodeIssueRtree$2(item), false); // false = remove
+         },
+         issueURL: function issueURL(item) {
+           return "".concat(_krUrlRoot, "/report_map.php?schema=").concat(item.schema, "&error=").concat(item.id);
+         },
+         // Get an array of issues closed during this session.
+         // Used to populate `closed:keepright` changeset tag
+         getClosedIDs: function getClosedIDs() {
+           return Object.keys(_cache$2.closed).sort();
+         }
+       };
 
-           // Common Pitfalls (musn't exist for every issue type)
-           if (issueString(_qaItem, 'trap')) {
-             const div = detailsEnter
-               .append('div')
-                 .attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
-
-             div
-               .append('h4')
-                 .text(() => _t('QA.osmose.trap_title'));
-
-             div
-               .append('p')
-                 .html(d => issueString(d, 'trap'))
-               .selectAll('a')
-                 .attr('rel', 'noopener')
-                 .attr('target', '_blank');
-           }
-
-           // Save current item to check if UI changed by time request resolves
-           const thisItem = _qaItem;
-           services.osmose.loadIssueDetail(_qaItem)
-             .then(d => {
-               // No details to add if there are no associated issue elements
-               if (!d.elems || d.elems.length === 0) return;
-
-               // Do nothing if UI has moved on by the time this resolves
-               if (
-                 context.selectedErrorID() !== thisItem.id
-                 && context.container().selectAll(`.qaItem.osmose.hover.itemId-${thisItem.id}`).empty()
-               ) return;
-
-               // Things like keys and values are dynamically added to a subtitle string
-               if (d.detail) {
-                 detailsDiv
-                   .append('h4')
-                     .text(() => _t('QA.osmose.detail_title'));
-
-                 detailsDiv
-                   .append('p')
-                     .html(d => d.detail)
-                   .selectAll('a')
-                     .attr('rel', 'noopener')
-                     .attr('target', '_blank');
-               }
-
-               // Create list of linked issue elements
-               elemsDiv
-                 .append('h4')
-                   .text(() => _t('QA.osmose.elems_title'));
-
-               elemsDiv
-                 .append('ul').selectAll('li')
-                 .data(d.elems)
-                 .enter()
-                 .append('li')
-                 .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'error_entity_link')
-                   .text(d => d)
-                   .each(function() {
-                     const link = select(this);
-                     const entityID = this.textContent;
-                     const entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
-
-                     // Add click handler
-                     link
-                       .on('mouseenter', () => {
-                         utilHighlightEntities([entityID], true, context);
-                       })
-                       .on('mouseleave', () => {
-                         utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
-                       })
-                       .on('click', () => {
-                         event.preventDefault();
+       var tiler$5 = utilTiler();
+       var dispatch$6 = dispatch$8('loaded');
+       var _tileZoom$2 = 14;
+       var _impOsmUrls = {
+         ow: 'https://grab.community.improve-osm.org/directionOfFlowService',
+         mr: 'https://grab.community.improve-osm.org/missingGeoService',
+         tr: 'https://grab.community.improve-osm.org/turnRestrictionService'
+       };
+       var _impOsmData = {
+         icons: {}
+       }; // This gets reassigned if reset
 
-                         utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
+       var _cache$1;
 
-                         const osmlayer = context.layers().layer('osm');
-                         if (!osmlayer.enabled()) {
-                           osmlayer.enabled(true);
-                         }
+       function abortRequest$5(i) {
+         Object.values(i).forEach(function (controller) {
+           if (controller) {
+             controller.abort();
+           }
+         });
+       }
 
-                         context.map().centerZoom(d.loc, 20);
+       function abortUnwantedRequests$2(cache, tiles) {
+         Object.keys(cache.inflightTile).forEach(function (k) {
+           var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
+             return k === tile.id;
+           });
 
-                         if (entity) {
-                           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
-                         } else {
-                           context.loadEntity(entityID, () => {
-                             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
-                           });
-                         }
-                       });
+           if (!wanted) {
+             abortRequest$5(cache.inflightTile[k]);
+             delete cache.inflightTile[k];
+           }
+         });
+       }
 
-                     // Replace with friendly name if possible
-                     // (The entity may not yet be loaded into the graph)
-                     if (entity) {
-                       let name = utilDisplayName(entity);  // try to use common name
+       function encodeIssueRtree$1(d) {
+         return {
+           minX: d.loc[0],
+           minY: d.loc[1],
+           maxX: d.loc[0],
+           maxY: d.loc[1],
+           data: d
+         };
+       } // Replace or remove QAItem from rtree
 
-                       if (!name) {
-                         const preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-                         name = preset && !preset.isFallback() && preset.name();  // fallback to preset name
-                       }
 
-                       if (name) {
-                         this.innerText = name;
-                       }
-                     }
-                   });
+       function updateRtree$2(item, replace) {
+         _cache$1.rtree.remove(item, function (a, b) {
+           return a.data.id === b.data.id;
+         });
 
-               // Don't hide entities related to this issue - #5880
-               context.features().forceVisible(d.elems);
-               context.map().pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
-             })
-             .catch(err => {
-               console.log(err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
-             });
+         if (replace) {
+           _cache$1.rtree.insert(item);
          }
+       }
 
-
-         osmoseDetails.issue = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return osmoseDetails;
+       function linkErrorObject(d) {
+         return {
+           html: "<a class=\"error_object_link\">".concat(d, "</a>")
          };
+       }
 
+       function linkEntity(d) {
+         return {
+           html: "<a class=\"error_entity_link\">".concat(d, "</a>")
+         };
+       }
 
-         return osmoseDetails;
+       function pointAverage(points) {
+         if (points.length) {
+           var sum = points.reduce(function (acc, point) {
+             return geoVecAdd(acc, [point.lon, point.lat]);
+           }, [0, 0]);
+           return geoVecScale(sum, 1 / points.length);
+         } else {
+           return [0, 0];
+         }
        }
 
-       function uiOsmoseHeader() {
-         let _qaItem;
+       function relativeBearing(p1, p2) {
+         var angle = Math.atan2(p2.lon - p1.lon, p2.lat - p1.lat);
 
-         function issueTitle(d) {
-           const unknown = _t('inspector.unknown');
+         if (angle < 0) {
+           angle += 2 * Math.PI;
+         } // Return degrees
 
-           if (!d) return unknown;
 
-           // Issue titles supplied by Osmose
-           const s = services.osmose.getStrings(d.itemType);
-           return ('title' in s) ? s.title : unknown;
-         }
+         return angle * 180 / Math.PI;
+       } // Assuming range [0,360)
 
-         function osmoseHeader(selection) {
-           const header = selection.selectAll('.qa-header')
-             .data(
-               (_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : []),
-               d => `${d.id}-${d.status || 0}`
-             );
 
-           header.exit()
-             .remove();
-
-           const headerEnter = header.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-header');
-
-           const svgEnter = headerEnter
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-header-icon')
-               .classed('new', d => d.id < 0)
-             .append('svg')
-               .attr('width', '20px')
-               .attr('height', '30px')
-               .attr('viewbox', '0 0 20 30')
-               .attr('class', d => `preset-icon-28 qaItem ${d.service} itemId-${d.id} itemType-${d.itemType}`);
-
-           svgEnter
-             .append('polygon')
-               .attr('fill', d => services.osmose.getColor(d.item))
-               .attr('class', 'qaItem-fill')
-               .attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
-
-           svgEnter
-             .append('use')
-               .attr('class', 'icon-annotation')
-               .attr('width', '13px')
-               .attr('height', '13px')
-               .attr('transform', 'translate(3.5, 5)')
-               .attr('xlink:href', d => {
-                 const picon = d.icon;
-
-                 if (!picon) {
-                   return '';
-                 } else {
-                   const isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
-                   return `#${picon}${isMaki ? '-11' : ''}`;
-                 }
-               });
+       function cardinalDirection(bearing) {
+         var dir = 45 * Math.round(bearing / 45);
+         var compass = {
+           0: 'north',
+           45: 'northeast',
+           90: 'east',
+           135: 'southeast',
+           180: 'south',
+           225: 'southwest',
+           270: 'west',
+           315: 'northwest',
+           360: 'north'
+         };
+         return _t("QA.improveOSM.directions.".concat(compass[dir]));
+       } // Errors shouldn't obscure each other
 
-           headerEnter
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-header-label')
-               .text(issueTitle);
-         }
 
-         osmoseHeader.issue = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return osmoseHeader;
-         };
+       function preventCoincident$1(loc, bumpUp) {
+         var coincident = false;
 
-         return osmoseHeader;
+         do {
+           // first time, move marker up. after that, move marker right.
+           var delta = coincident ? [0.00001, 0] : bumpUp ? [0, 0.00001] : [0, 0];
+           loc = geoVecAdd(loc, delta);
+           var bbox = geoExtent(loc).bbox();
+           coincident = _cache$1.rtree.search(bbox).length;
+         } while (coincident);
+
+         return loc;
        }
 
-       function uiViewOnOsmose() {
-         let _qaItem;
+       var serviceImproveOSM = {
+         title: 'improveOSM',
+         init: function init() {
+           _mainFileFetcher.get('qa_data').then(function (d) {
+             return _impOsmData = d.improveOSM;
+           });
 
-         function viewOnOsmose(selection) {
-           let url;
-           if (services.osmose && (_qaItem instanceof QAItem)) {
-             url = services.osmose.itemURL(_qaItem);
+           if (!_cache$1) {
+             this.reset();
            }
 
-           const link = selection.selectAll('.view-on-osmose')
-             .data(url ? [url] : []);
+           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$6, 'on');
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           if (_cache$1) {
+             Object.values(_cache$1.inflightTile).forEach(abortRequest$5);
+           }
 
-           // exit
-           link.exit()
-             .remove();
+           _cache$1 = {
+             data: {},
+             loadedTile: {},
+             inflightTile: {},
+             inflightPost: {},
+             closed: {},
+             rtree: new RBush()
+           };
+         },
+         loadIssues: function loadIssues(projection) {
+           var _this = this;
 
-           // enter
-           const linkEnter = link.enter()
-             .append('a')
-               .attr('class', 'view-on-osmose')
-               .attr('target', '_blank')
-               .attr('rel', 'noopener') // security measure
-               .attr('href', d => d)
-               .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));
+           var options = {
+             client: 'iD',
+             status: 'OPEN',
+             zoom: '19' // Use a high zoom so that clusters aren't returned
 
-           linkEnter
-             .append('span')
-               .text(_t('inspector.view_on_osmose'));
-         }
+           }; // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
 
-         viewOnOsmose.what = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return viewOnOsmose;
-         };
+           var tiles = tiler$5.zoomExtent([_tileZoom$2, _tileZoom$2]).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
 
-         return viewOnOsmose;
-       }
+           abortUnwantedRequests$2(_cache$1, tiles); // issue new requests..
 
-       function uiOsmoseEditor(context) {
-         const dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         const qaDetails = uiOsmoseDetails(context);
-         const qaHeader = uiOsmoseHeader();
+           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+             if (_cache$1.loadedTile[tile.id] || _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id]) return;
+
+             var _tile$extent$rectangl = tile.extent.rectangle(),
+                 _tile$extent$rectangl2 = _slicedToArray(_tile$extent$rectangl, 4),
+                 east = _tile$extent$rectangl2[0],
+                 north = _tile$extent$rectangl2[1],
+                 west = _tile$extent$rectangl2[2],
+                 south = _tile$extent$rectangl2[3];
+
+             var params = Object.assign({}, options, {
+               east: east,
+               south: south,
+               west: west,
+               north: north
+             }); // 3 separate requests to store for each tile
+
+             var requests = {};
+             Object.keys(_impOsmUrls).forEach(function (k) {
+               // We exclude WATER from missing geometry as it doesn't seem useful
+               // We use most confident one-way and turn restrictions only, still have false positives
+               var kParams = Object.assign({}, params, k === 'mr' ? {
+                 type: 'PARKING,ROAD,BOTH,PATH'
+               } : {
+                 confidenceLevel: 'C1'
+               });
+               var url = "".concat(_impOsmUrls[k], "/search?") + utilQsString(kParams);
+               var controller = new AbortController();
+               requests[k] = controller;
+               d3_json(url, {
+                 signal: controller.signal
+               }).then(function (data) {
+                 delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id][k];
+
+                 if (!Object.keys(_cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id]).length) {
+                   delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id];
+                   _cache$1.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
+                 } // Road segments at high zoom == oneways
+
+
+                 if (data.roadSegments) {
+                   data.roadSegments.forEach(function (feature) {
+                     // Position error at the approximate middle of the segment
+                     var points = feature.points,
+                         wayId = feature.wayId,
+                         fromNodeId = feature.fromNodeId,
+                         toNodeId = feature.toNodeId;
+                     var itemId = "".concat(wayId).concat(fromNodeId).concat(toNodeId);
+                     var mid = points.length / 2;
+                     var loc; // Even number of points, find midpoint of the middle two
+                     // Odd number of points, use position of very middle point
+
+                     if (mid % 1 === 0) {
+                       loc = pointAverage([points[mid - 1], points[mid]]);
+                     } else {
+                       mid = points[Math.floor(mid)];
+                       loc = [mid.lon, mid.lat];
+                     } // One-ways can land on same segment in opposite direction
+
+
+                     loc = preventCoincident$1(loc, false);
+                     var d = new QAItem(loc, _this, k, itemId, {
+                       issueKey: k,
+                       // used as a category
+                       identifier: {
+                         // used to post changes
+                         wayId: wayId,
+                         fromNodeId: fromNodeId,
+                         toNodeId: toNodeId
+                       },
+                       objectId: wayId,
+                       objectType: 'way'
+                     }); // Variables used in the description
+
+                     d.replacements = {
+                       percentage: feature.percentOfTrips,
+                       num_trips: feature.numberOfTrips,
+                       highway: linkErrorObject(_t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.highway')),
+                       from_node: linkEntity('n' + feature.fromNodeId),
+                       to_node: linkEntity('n' + feature.toNodeId)
+                     };
+                     _cache$1.data[d.id] = d;
+
+                     _cache$1.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$1(d));
+                   });
+                 } // Tiles at high zoom == missing roads
+
+
+                 if (data.tiles) {
+                   data.tiles.forEach(function (feature) {
+                     var type = feature.type,
+                         x = feature.x,
+                         y = feature.y,
+                         numberOfTrips = feature.numberOfTrips;
+                     var geoType = type.toLowerCase();
+                     var itemId = "".concat(geoType).concat(x).concat(y).concat(numberOfTrips); // Average of recorded points should land on the missing geometry
+                     // Missing geometry could happen to land on another error
+
+                     var loc = pointAverage(feature.points);
+                     loc = preventCoincident$1(loc, false);
+                     var d = new QAItem(loc, _this, "".concat(k, "-").concat(geoType), itemId, {
+                       issueKey: k,
+                       identifier: {
+                         x: x,
+                         y: y
+                       }
+                     });
+                     d.replacements = {
+                       num_trips: numberOfTrips,
+                       geometry_type: _t("QA.improveOSM.geometry_types.".concat(geoType))
+                     }; // -1 trips indicates data came from a 3rd party
+
+                     if (numberOfTrips === -1) {
+                       d.desc = _t('QA.improveOSM.error_types.mr.description_alt', d.replacements);
+                     }
 
-         let _qaItem;
+                     _cache$1.data[d.id] = d;
 
-         function osmoseEditor(selection) {
+                     _cache$1.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$1(d));
+                   });
+                 } // Entities at high zoom == turn restrictions
+
+
+                 if (data.entities) {
+                   data.entities.forEach(function (feature) {
+                     var point = feature.point,
+                         id = feature.id,
+                         segments = feature.segments,
+                         numberOfPasses = feature.numberOfPasses,
+                         turnType = feature.turnType;
+                     var itemId = "".concat(id.replace(/[,:+#]/g, '_')); // Turn restrictions could be missing at same junction
+                     // We also want to bump the error up so node is accessible
+
+                     var loc = preventCoincident$1([point.lon, point.lat], true); // Elements are presented in a strange way
+
+                     var ids = id.split(',');
+                     var from_way = ids[0];
+                     var via_node = ids[3];
+                     var to_way = ids[2].split(':')[1];
+                     var d = new QAItem(loc, _this, k, itemId, {
+                       issueKey: k,
+                       identifier: id,
+                       objectId: via_node,
+                       objectType: 'node'
+                     }); // Travel direction along from_way clarifies the turn restriction
+
+                     var _segments$0$points = _slicedToArray(segments[0].points, 2),
+                         p1 = _segments$0$points[0],
+                         p2 = _segments$0$points[1];
+
+                     var dir_of_travel = cardinalDirection(relativeBearing(p1, p2)); // Variables used in the description
+
+                     d.replacements = {
+                       num_passed: numberOfPasses,
+                       num_trips: segments[0].numberOfTrips,
+                       turn_restriction: turnType.toLowerCase(),
+                       from_way: linkEntity('w' + from_way),
+                       to_way: linkEntity('w' + to_way),
+                       travel_direction: dir_of_travel,
+                       junction: linkErrorObject(_t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.this_node'))
+                     };
+                     _cache$1.data[d.id] = d;
+
+                     _cache$1.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$1(d));
+
+                     dispatch$6.call('loaded');
+                   });
+                 }
+               })["catch"](function () {
+                 delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id][k];
 
-           const header = selection.selectAll('.header')
-             .data([0]);
+                 if (!Object.keys(_cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id]).length) {
+                   delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id];
+                   _cache$1.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
+                 }
+               });
+             });
+             _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id] = requests;
+           });
+         },
+         getComments: function getComments(item) {
+           var _this2 = this;
 
-           const headerEnter = header.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           // If comments already retrieved no need to do so again
+           if (item.comments) {
+             return Promise.resolve(item);
+           }
 
-           headerEnter
-             .append('button')
-               .attr('class', 'close')
-               .on('click', () => context.enter(modeBrowse(context)))
-               .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           var key = item.issueKey;
+           var qParams = {};
 
-           headerEnter
-             .append('h3')
-               .text(_t('QA.osmose.title'));
+           if (key === 'ow') {
+             qParams = item.identifier;
+           } else if (key === 'mr') {
+             qParams.tileX = item.identifier.x;
+             qParams.tileY = item.identifier.y;
+           } else if (key === 'tr') {
+             qParams.targetId = item.identifier;
+           }
 
-           let body = selection.selectAll('.body')
-             .data([0]);
+           var url = "".concat(_impOsmUrls[key], "/retrieveComments?") + utilQsString(qParams);
 
-           body = body.enter()
-               .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'body')
-             .merge(body);
+           var cacheComments = function cacheComments(data) {
+             // Assign directly for immediate use afterwards
+             // comments are served newest to oldest
+             item.comments = data.comments ? data.comments.reverse() : [];
 
-           let editor = body.selectAll('.qa-editor')
-             .data([0]);
+             _this2.replaceItem(item);
+           };
 
-           editor.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'modal-section qa-editor')
-             .merge(editor)
-               .call(qaHeader.issue(_qaItem))
-               .call(qaDetails.issue(_qaItem))
-               .call(osmoseSaveSection);
+           return d3_json(url).then(cacheComments).then(function () {
+             return item;
+           });
+         },
+         postUpdate: function postUpdate(d, callback) {
+           if (!serviceOsm.authenticated()) {
+             // Username required in payload
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Not Authenticated',
+               status: -3
+             }, d);
+           }
 
-           const footer = selection.selectAll('.footer')
-             .data([0]);
+           if (_cache$1.inflightPost[d.id]) {
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Error update already inflight',
+               status: -2
+             }, d);
+           } // Payload can only be sent once username is established
 
-           footer.enter()
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'footer')
-             .merge(footer)
-             .call(uiViewOnOsmose().what(_qaItem));
-         }
 
-         function osmoseSaveSection(selection) {
-           const isSelected = (_qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID());
-           const isShown = (_qaItem && isSelected);
-           let saveSection = selection.selectAll('.qa-save')
-             .data(
-               (isShown ? [_qaItem] : []),
-               d => `${d.id}-${d.status || 0}`
-             );
+           serviceOsm.userDetails(sendPayload.bind(this));
 
-           // exit
-           saveSection.exit()
-             .remove();
+           function sendPayload(err, user) {
+             var _this3 = this;
 
-           // enter
-           const saveSectionEnter = saveSection.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'qa-save save-section cf');
+             if (err) {
+               return callback(err, d);
+             }
 
-           // update
-           saveSection = saveSectionEnter
-             .merge(saveSection)
-               .call(qaSaveButtons);
-         }
+             var key = d.issueKey;
+             var url = "".concat(_impOsmUrls[key], "/comment");
+             var payload = {
+               username: user.display_name,
+               targetIds: [d.identifier]
+             };
 
-         function qaSaveButtons(selection) {
-           const isSelected = (_qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID());
-           let buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons')
-             .data((isSelected ? [_qaItem] : []), d => d.status + d.id);
+             if (d.newStatus) {
+               payload.status = d.newStatus;
+               payload.text = 'status changed';
+             } // Comment take place of default text
 
-           // exit
-           buttonSection.exit()
-             .remove();
 
-           // enter
-           const buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter()
-             .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'buttons');
+             if (d.newComment) {
+               payload.text = d.newComment;
+             }
 
-           buttonEnter
-             .append('button')
-               .attr('class', 'button close-button action');
+             var controller = new AbortController();
+             _cache$1.inflightPost[d.id] = controller;
+             var options = {
+               method: 'POST',
+               signal: controller.signal,
+               body: JSON.stringify(payload)
+             };
+             d3_json(url, options).then(function () {
+               delete _cache$1.inflightPost[d.id]; // Just a comment, update error in cache
+
+               if (!d.newStatus) {
+                 var now = new Date();
+                 var comments = d.comments ? d.comments : [];
+                 comments.push({
+                   username: payload.username,
+                   text: payload.text,
+                   timestamp: now.getTime() / 1000
+                 });
 
-           buttonEnter
-             .append('button')
-               .attr('class', 'button ignore-button action');
+                 _this3.replaceItem(d.update({
+                   comments: comments,
+                   newComment: undefined
+                 }));
+               } else {
+                 _this3.removeItem(d);
 
-           // update
-           buttonSection = buttonSection
-             .merge(buttonEnter);
+                 if (d.newStatus === 'SOLVED') {
+                   // Keep track of the number of issues closed per type to tag the changeset
+                   if (!(d.issueKey in _cache$1.closed)) {
+                     _cache$1.closed[d.issueKey] = 0;
+                   }
 
-           buttonSection.select('.close-button')
-             .text(() => _t('QA.keepRight.close'))
-             .on('click.close', function(d) {
-               this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
-               const qaService = services.osmose;
-               if (qaService) {
-                 d.newStatus = 'done';
-                 qaService.postUpdate(d, (err, item) => dispatch$1.call('change', item));
+                   _cache$1.closed[d.issueKey] += 1;
+                 }
                }
-             });
 
-           buttonSection.select('.ignore-button')
-             .text(() => _t('QA.keepRight.ignore'))
-             .on('click.ignore', function(d) {
-               this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
-               const qaService = services.osmose;
-               if (qaService) {
-                 d.newStatus = 'false';
-                 qaService.postUpdate(d, (err, item) => dispatch$1.call('change', item));
-               }
+               if (callback) callback(null, d);
+             })["catch"](function (err) {
+               delete _cache$1.inflightPost[d.id];
+               if (callback) callback(err.message);
              });
+           }
+         },
+         // Get all cached QAItems covering the viewport
+         getItems: function getItems(projection) {
+           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
+           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
+           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
+           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+           return _cache$1.rtree.search(bbox).map(function (d) {
+             return d.data;
+           });
+         },
+         // Get a QAItem from cache
+         // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
+         getError: function getError(id) {
+           return _cache$1.data[id];
+         },
+         // get the name of the icon to display for this item
+         getIcon: function getIcon(itemType) {
+           return _impOsmData.icons[itemType];
+         },
+         // Replace a single QAItem in the cache
+         replaceItem: function replaceItem(issue) {
+           if (!(issue instanceof QAItem) || !issue.id) return;
+           _cache$1.data[issue.id] = issue;
+           updateRtree$2(encodeIssueRtree$1(issue), true); // true = replace
+
+           return issue;
+         },
+         // Remove a single QAItem from the cache
+         removeItem: function removeItem(issue) {
+           if (!(issue instanceof QAItem) || !issue.id) return;
+           delete _cache$1.data[issue.id];
+           updateRtree$2(encodeIssueRtree$1(issue), false); // false = remove
+         },
+         // Used to populate `closed:improveosm:*` changeset tags
+         getClosedCounts: function getClosedCounts() {
+           return _cache$1.closed;
          }
+       };
 
-         // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
-         osmoseEditor.error = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
-           _qaItem = val;
-           return osmoseEditor;
-         };
+       var defaults$5 = {exports: {}};
 
-         return utilRebind(osmoseEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
+       function getDefaults$1() {
+         return {
+           baseUrl: null,
+           breaks: false,
+           gfm: true,
+           headerIds: true,
+           headerPrefix: '',
+           highlight: null,
+           langPrefix: 'language-',
+           mangle: true,
+           pedantic: false,
+           renderer: null,
+           sanitize: false,
+           sanitizer: null,
+           silent: false,
+           smartLists: false,
+           smartypants: false,
+           tokenizer: null,
+           walkTokens: null,
+           xhtml: false
+         };
        }
 
-       // NOTE: Don't change name of this until UI v3 is merged
-       function modeSelectError(context, selectedErrorID, selectedErrorService) {
-           var mode = {
-               id: 'select-error',
-               button: 'browse'
-           };
-
-           var keybinding = utilKeybinding('select-error');
-
-           var errorService = services[selectedErrorService];
-           var errorEditor;
-           switch (selectedErrorService) {
-               case 'improveOSM':
-                   errorEditor = uiImproveOsmEditor(context)
-                   .on('change', function() {
-                       context.map().pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
-                       var error = checkSelectedID();
-                       if (!error) return;
-                       context.ui().sidebar
-                           .show(errorEditor.error(error));
-                   });
-                   break;
-               case 'keepRight':
-                   errorEditor = uiKeepRightEditor(context)
-                   .on('change', function() {
-                       context.map().pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
-                       var error = checkSelectedID();
-                       if (!error) return;
-                       context.ui().sidebar
-                           .show(errorEditor.error(error));
-                   });
-                   break;
-               case 'osmose':
-                   errorEditor = uiOsmoseEditor(context)
-                   .on('change', function() {
-                       context.map().pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
-                       var error = checkSelectedID();
-                       if (!error) return;
-                       context.ui().sidebar
-                           .show(errorEditor.error(error));
-                   });
-                   break;
-           }
+       function changeDefaults$1(newDefaults) {
+         defaults$5.exports.defaults = newDefaults;
+       }
 
+       defaults$5.exports = {
+         defaults: getDefaults$1(),
+         getDefaults: getDefaults$1,
+         changeDefaults: changeDefaults$1
+       };
 
-           var behaviors = [
-               behaviorBreathe(),
-               behaviorHover(context),
-               behaviorSelect(context),
-               behaviorLasso(context),
-               modeDragNode(context).behavior,
-               modeDragNote(context).behavior
-           ];
+       var escapeTest = /[&<>"']/;
+       var escapeReplace = /[&<>"']/g;
+       var escapeTestNoEncode = /[<>"']|&(?!#?\w+;)/;
+       var escapeReplaceNoEncode = /[<>"']|&(?!#?\w+;)/g;
+       var escapeReplacements = {
+         '&': '&amp;',
+         '<': '&lt;',
+         '>': '&gt;',
+         '"': '&quot;',
+         "'": '&#39;'
+       };
 
+       var getEscapeReplacement = function getEscapeReplacement(ch) {
+         return escapeReplacements[ch];
+       };
 
-           function checkSelectedID() {
-               if (!errorService) return;
-               var error = errorService.getError(selectedErrorID);
-               if (!error) {
-                   context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               }
-               return error;
+       function escape$3(html, encode) {
+         if (encode) {
+           if (escapeTest.test(html)) {
+             return html.replace(escapeReplace, getEscapeReplacement);
+           }
+         } else {
+           if (escapeTestNoEncode.test(html)) {
+             return html.replace(escapeReplaceNoEncode, getEscapeReplacement);
            }
+         }
 
+         return html;
+       }
 
-           mode.zoomToSelected = function() {
-               if (!errorService) return;
-               var error = errorService.getError(selectedErrorID);
-               if (error) {
-                   context.map().centerZoomEase(error.loc, 20);
-               }
-           };
+       var unescapeTest = /&(#(?:\d+)|(?:#x[0-9A-Fa-f]+)|(?:\w+));?/ig;
 
+       function unescape$2(html) {
+         // explicitly match decimal, hex, and named HTML entities
+         return html.replace(unescapeTest, function (_, n) {
+           n = n.toLowerCase();
+           if (n === 'colon') return ':';
 
-           mode.enter = function() {
-               var error = checkSelectedID();
-               if (!error) return;
+           if (n.charAt(0) === '#') {
+             return n.charAt(1) === 'x' ? String.fromCharCode(parseInt(n.substring(2), 16)) : String.fromCharCode(+n.substring(1));
+           }
 
-               behaviors.forEach(context.install);
-               keybinding
-                   .on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected)
-                   .on('⎋', esc, true);
+           return '';
+         });
+       }
 
-               select(document)
-                   .call(keybinding);
+       var caret = /(^|[^\[])\^/g;
 
-               selectError();
+       function edit$1(regex, opt) {
+         regex = regex.source || regex;
+         opt = opt || '';
+         var obj = {
+           replace: function replace(name, val) {
+             val = val.source || val;
+             val = val.replace(caret, '$1');
+             regex = regex.replace(name, val);
+             return obj;
+           },
+           getRegex: function getRegex() {
+             return new RegExp(regex, opt);
+           }
+         };
+         return obj;
+       }
 
-               var sidebar = context.ui().sidebar;
-               sidebar.show(errorEditor.error(error));
+       var nonWordAndColonTest = /[^\w:]/g;
+       var originIndependentUrl = /^$|^[a-z][a-z0-9+.-]*:|^[?#]/i;
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('drawn.select-error', selectError);
+       function cleanUrl$1(sanitize, base, href) {
+         if (sanitize) {
+           var prot;
 
+           try {
+             prot = decodeURIComponent(unescape$2(href)).replace(nonWordAndColonTest, '').toLowerCase();
+           } catch (e) {
+             return null;
+           }
 
-               // class the error as selected, or return to browse mode if the error is gone
-               function selectError(drawn) {
-                   if (!checkSelectedID()) return;
+           if (prot.indexOf('javascript:') === 0 || prot.indexOf('vbscript:') === 0 || prot.indexOf('data:') === 0) {
+             return null;
+           }
+         }
 
-                   var selection = context.surface()
-                       .selectAll('.itemId-' + selectedErrorID + '.' + selectedErrorService);
+         if (base && !originIndependentUrl.test(href)) {
+           href = resolveUrl$2(base, href);
+         }
 
-                   if (selection.empty()) {
-                       // Return to browse mode if selected DOM elements have
-                       // disappeared because the user moved them out of view..
-                       var source = event && event.type === 'zoom' && event.sourceEvent;
-                       if (drawn && source && (source.type === 'pointermove' || source.type === 'mousemove' || source.type === 'touchmove')) {
-                           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-                       }
+         try {
+           href = encodeURI(href).replace(/%25/g, '%');
+         } catch (e) {
+           return null;
+         }
 
-                   } else {
-                       selection
-                           .classed('selected', true);
+         return href;
+       }
 
-                       context.selectedErrorID(selectedErrorID);
-                   }
-               }
+       var baseUrls = {};
+       var justDomain = /^[^:]+:\/*[^/]*$/;
+       var protocol = /^([^:]+:)[\s\S]*$/;
+       var domain = /^([^:]+:\/*[^/]*)[\s\S]*$/;
 
-               function esc() {
-                   if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
-                   context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               }
-           };
+       function resolveUrl$2(base, href) {
+         if (!baseUrls[' ' + base]) {
+           // we can ignore everything in base after the last slash of its path component,
+           // but we might need to add _that_
+           // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3
+           if (justDomain.test(base)) {
+             baseUrls[' ' + base] = base + '/';
+           } else {
+             baseUrls[' ' + base] = rtrim$1(base, '/', true);
+           }
+         }
 
+         base = baseUrls[' ' + base];
+         var relativeBase = base.indexOf(':') === -1;
 
-           mode.exit = function() {
-               behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
+         if (href.substring(0, 2) === '//') {
+           if (relativeBase) {
+             return href;
+           }
 
-               select(document)
-                   .call(keybinding.unbind);
+           return base.replace(protocol, '$1') + href;
+         } else if (href.charAt(0) === '/') {
+           if (relativeBase) {
+             return href;
+           }
 
-               context.surface()
-                   .selectAll('.qaItem.selected')
-                   .classed('selected hover', false);
+           return base.replace(domain, '$1') + href;
+         } else {
+           return base + href;
+         }
+       }
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('drawn.select-error', null);
+       var noopTest$1 = {
+         exec: function noopTest() {}
+       };
 
-               context.ui().sidebar
-                   .hide();
+       function merge$2(obj) {
+         var i = 1,
+             target,
+             key;
 
-               context.selectedErrorID(null);
-               context.features().forceVisible([]);
-           };
+         for (; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+           target = arguments[i];
 
+           for (key in target) {
+             if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(target, key)) {
+               obj[key] = target[key];
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-           return mode;
+         return obj;
        }
 
-       function behaviorSelect(context) {
-           var _tolerancePx = 4; // see also behaviorDrag
-           var _lastMouseEvent = null;
-           var _showMenu = false;
-           var _downPointers = {};
-           var _longPressTimeout = null;
-           var _lastInteractionType = null;
-           // the id of the down pointer that's enabling multiselection while down
-           var _multiselectionPointerId = null;
-
-           // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
-           var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
-
-
-           function keydown() {
-
-               if (event.keyCode === 32) {
-                   // don't react to spacebar events during text input
-                   var activeNode = document.activeElement;
-                   if (activeNode && new Set(['INPUT', 'TEXTAREA']).has(activeNode.nodeName)) return;
-               }
+       function splitCells$1(tableRow, count) {
+         // ensure that every cell-delimiting pipe has a space
+         // before it to distinguish it from an escaped pipe
+         var row = tableRow.replace(/\|/g, function (match, offset, str) {
+           var escaped = false,
+               curr = offset;
 
-               if (event.keyCode === 93 ||  // context menu key
-                   event.keyCode === 32) {  // spacebar
-                   event.preventDefault();
-               }
+           while (--curr >= 0 && str[curr] === '\\') {
+             escaped = !escaped;
+           }
 
-               if (event.repeat) return; // ignore repeated events for held keys
+           if (escaped) {
+             // odd number of slashes means | is escaped
+             // so we leave it alone
+             return '|';
+           } else {
+             // add space before unescaped |
+             return ' |';
+           }
+         }),
+             cells = row.split(/ \|/);
+         var i = 0;
 
-               // if any key is pressed the user is probably doing something other than long-pressing
-               cancelLongPress();
+         if (cells.length > count) {
+           cells.splice(count);
+         } else {
+           while (cells.length < count) {
+             cells.push('');
+           }
+         }
 
-               if (event.shiftKey) {
-                   context.surface()
-                       .classed('behavior-multiselect', true);
-               }
+         for (; i < cells.length; i++) {
+           // leading or trailing whitespace is ignored per the gfm spec
+           cells[i] = cells[i].trim().replace(/\\\|/g, '|');
+         }
 
-               if (event.keyCode === 32) {  // spacebar
-                   if (!_downPointers.spacebar && _lastMouseEvent) {
-                       cancelLongPress();
-                       _longPressTimeout = window.setTimeout(didLongPress, 500, 'spacebar', 'spacebar');
+         return cells;
+       } // Remove trailing 'c's. Equivalent to str.replace(/c*$/, '').
+       // /c*$/ is vulnerable to REDOS.
+       // invert: Remove suffix of non-c chars instead. Default falsey.
 
-                       _downPointers.spacebar = {
-                           firstEvent: _lastMouseEvent,
-                           lastEvent: _lastMouseEvent
-                       };
-                   }
-               }
-           }
 
+       function rtrim$1(str, c, invert) {
+         var l = str.length;
 
-           function keyup() {
-               cancelLongPress();
+         if (l === 0) {
+           return '';
+         } // Length of suffix matching the invert condition.
 
-               if (!event.shiftKey) {
-                   context.surface()
-                       .classed('behavior-multiselect', false);
-               }
 
-               if (event.keyCode === 93) {  // context menu key
-                   event.preventDefault();
-                   _lastInteractionType = 'menukey';
-                   contextmenu();
-               } else if (event.keyCode === 32) {  // spacebar
-                   var pointer = _downPointers.spacebar;
-                   if (pointer) {
-                       delete _downPointers.spacebar;
+         var suffLen = 0; // Step left until we fail to match the invert condition.
 
-                       if (pointer.done) return;
+         while (suffLen < l) {
+           var currChar = str.charAt(l - suffLen - 1);
 
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       _lastInteractionType = 'spacebar';
-                       click(pointer.firstEvent, pointer.lastEvent, 'spacebar');
-                   }
-               }
+           if (currChar === c && !invert) {
+             suffLen++;
+           } else if (currChar !== c && invert) {
+             suffLen++;
+           } else {
+             break;
            }
+         }
 
+         return str.substr(0, l - suffLen);
+       }
 
-           function pointerdown() {
-               var id = (event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
-
-               cancelLongPress();
-
-               if (event.buttons && event.buttons !== 1) return;
+       function findClosingBracket$1(str, b) {
+         if (str.indexOf(b[1]) === -1) {
+           return -1;
+         }
 
-               context.ui().closeEditMenu();
+         var l = str.length;
+         var level = 0,
+             i = 0;
 
-               _longPressTimeout = window.setTimeout(didLongPress, 500, id, 'longdown-' + (event.pointerType || 'mouse'));
+         for (; i < l; i++) {
+           if (str[i] === '\\') {
+             i++;
+           } else if (str[i] === b[0]) {
+             level++;
+           } else if (str[i] === b[1]) {
+             level--;
 
-               _downPointers[id] = {
-                   firstEvent: event,
-                   lastEvent: event
-               };
+             if (level < 0) {
+               return i;
+             }
            }
+         }
 
+         return -1;
+       }
 
-           function didLongPress(id, interactionType) {
-               var pointer = _downPointers[id];
-               if (!pointer) return;
-
-               for (var i in _downPointers) {
-                   // don't allow this or any currently down pointer to trigger another click
-                   _downPointers[i].done = true;
-               }
+       function checkSanitizeDeprecation$1(opt) {
+         if (opt && opt.sanitize && !opt.silent) {
+           console.warn('marked(): sanitize and sanitizer parameters are deprecated since version 0.7.0, should not be used and will be removed in the future. Read more here: https://marked.js.org/#/USING_ADVANCED.md#options');
+         }
+       } // copied from https://stackoverflow.com/a/5450113/806777
 
-               // treat long presses like right-clicks
-               _longPressTimeout = null;
-               _lastInteractionType = interactionType;
-               _showMenu = true;
 
-               click(pointer.firstEvent, pointer.lastEvent, id);
-           }
+       function repeatString$1(pattern, count) {
+         if (count < 1) {
+           return '';
+         }
 
+         var result = '';
 
-           function pointermove() {
-               var id = (event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
-               if (_downPointers[id]) {
-                   _downPointers[id].lastEvent = event;
-               }
-               if (!event.pointerType || event.pointerType === 'mouse') {
-                   _lastMouseEvent = event;
-                   if (_downPointers.spacebar) {
-                       _downPointers.spacebar.lastEvent = event;
-                   }
-               }
+         while (count > 1) {
+           if (count & 1) {
+             result += pattern;
            }
 
+           count >>= 1;
+           pattern += pattern;
+         }
 
-           function pointerup() {
-               var id = (event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
-               var pointer = _downPointers[id];
-               if (!pointer) return;
+         return result + pattern;
+       }
 
-               delete _downPointers[id];
+       var helpers = {
+         escape: escape$3,
+         unescape: unescape$2,
+         edit: edit$1,
+         cleanUrl: cleanUrl$1,
+         resolveUrl: resolveUrl$2,
+         noopTest: noopTest$1,
+         merge: merge$2,
+         splitCells: splitCells$1,
+         rtrim: rtrim$1,
+         findClosingBracket: findClosingBracket$1,
+         checkSanitizeDeprecation: checkSanitizeDeprecation$1,
+         repeatString: repeatString$1
+       };
 
-               if (_multiselectionPointerId === id) {
-                   _multiselectionPointerId = null;
-               }
+       var defaults$4 = defaults$5.exports.defaults;
+       var rtrim = helpers.rtrim,
+           splitCells = helpers.splitCells,
+           _escape = helpers.escape,
+           findClosingBracket = helpers.findClosingBracket;
 
-               if (pointer.done) return;
+       function outputLink(cap, link, raw) {
+         var href = link.href;
+         var title = link.title ? _escape(link.title) : null;
+         var text = cap[1].replace(/\\([\[\]])/g, '$1');
 
-               click(pointer.firstEvent, event, id);
-           }
+         if (cap[0].charAt(0) !== '!') {
+           return {
+             type: 'link',
+             raw: raw,
+             href: href,
+             title: title,
+             text: text
+           };
+         } else {
+           return {
+             type: 'image',
+             raw: raw,
+             href: href,
+             title: title,
+             text: _escape(text)
+           };
+         }
+       }
 
+       function indentCodeCompensation(raw, text) {
+         var matchIndentToCode = raw.match(/^(\s+)(?:```)/);
 
-           function pointercancel() {
-               var id = (event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
-               if (!_downPointers[id]) return;
+         if (matchIndentToCode === null) {
+           return text;
+         }
 
-               delete _downPointers[id];
+         var indentToCode = matchIndentToCode[1];
+         return text.split('\n').map(function (node) {
+           var matchIndentInNode = node.match(/^\s+/);
 
-               if (_multiselectionPointerId === id) {
-                   _multiselectionPointerId = null;
-               }
+           if (matchIndentInNode === null) {
+             return node;
            }
 
+           var _matchIndentInNode = _slicedToArray(matchIndentInNode, 1),
+               indentInNode = _matchIndentInNode[0];
 
-           function contextmenu() {
-               var e = event;
-               e.preventDefault();
-
-               if (!+e.clientX && !+e.clientY) {
-                   if (_lastMouseEvent) {
-                       e.sourceEvent = _lastMouseEvent;
-                   } else {
-                       return;
-                   }
-               } else {
-                   _lastMouseEvent = event;
-                   _lastInteractionType = 'rightclick';
-               }
-
-               _showMenu = true;
-               click(event, event);
+           if (indentInNode.length >= indentToCode.length) {
+             return node.slice(indentToCode.length);
            }
 
+           return node;
+         }).join('\n');
+       }
+       /**
+        * Tokenizer
+        */
 
-           function click(firstEvent, lastEvent, pointerId) {
-               cancelLongPress();
 
-               var mapNode = context.container().select('.main-map').node();
+       var Tokenizer_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function Tokenizer(options) {
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, Tokenizer);
 
-               // Use the `main-map` coordinate system since the surface and supersurface
-               // are transformed when drag-panning.
-               var pointGetter = utilFastMouse(mapNode);
-               var p1 = pointGetter(firstEvent);
-               var p2 = pointGetter(lastEvent);
-               var dist = geoVecLength(p1, p2);
+           this.options = options || defaults$4;
+         }
 
-               if (dist > _tolerancePx ||
-                   !mapContains(lastEvent)) {
+         _createClass$1(Tokenizer, [{
+           key: "space",
+           value: function space(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.newline.exec(src);
 
-                   resetProperties();
-                   return;
+             if (cap) {
+               if (cap[0].length > 1) {
+                 return {
+                   type: 'space',
+                   raw: cap[0]
+                 };
                }
 
-               var targetDatum = lastEvent.target.__data__;
+               return {
+                 raw: '\n'
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "code",
+           value: function code(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.code.exec(src);
 
-               var multiselectEntityId;
+             if (cap) {
+               var text = cap[0].replace(/^ {1,4}/gm, '');
+               return {
+                 type: 'code',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 codeBlockStyle: 'indented',
+                 text: !this.options.pedantic ? rtrim(text, '\n') : text
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "fences",
+           value: function fences(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.fences.exec(src);
 
-               if (!_multiselectionPointerId) {
-                   // If a different pointer than the one triggering this click is down on a
-                   // feature, treat this and all future clicks as multiselection until that
-                   // pointer is raised.
-                   var selectPointerInfo = pointerDownOnSelection(pointerId);
-                   if (selectPointerInfo) {
-                       _multiselectionPointerId = selectPointerInfo.pointerId;
-                       // if the other feature isn't selected yet, make sure we select it
-                       multiselectEntityId = !selectPointerInfo.selected && selectPointerInfo.entityId;
-                       _downPointers[selectPointerInfo.pointerId].done = true;
-                   }
-               }
+             if (cap) {
+               var raw = cap[0];
+               var text = indentCodeCompensation(raw, cap[3] || '');
+               return {
+                 type: 'code',
+                 raw: raw,
+                 lang: cap[2] ? cap[2].trim() : cap[2],
+                 text: text
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "heading",
+           value: function heading(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.heading.exec(src);
 
-               // support multiselect if data is already selected
-               var isMultiselect = context.mode().id === 'select' && (
-                   // and shift key is down
-                   (event && event.shiftKey) ||
-                   // or we're lasso-selecting
-                   context.surface().select('.lasso').node() ||
-                   // or a pointer is down over a selected feature
-                   (_multiselectionPointerId && !multiselectEntityId)
-               );
+             if (cap) {
+               var text = cap[2].trim(); // remove trailing #s
 
-               processClick(targetDatum, isMultiselect, p2, multiselectEntityId);
+               if (/#$/.test(text)) {
+                 var trimmed = rtrim(text, '#');
 
-               function mapContains(event) {
-                   var rect = mapNode.getBoundingClientRect();
-                   return event.clientX >= rect.left &&
-                       event.clientX <= rect.right &&
-                       event.clientY >= rect.top &&
-                       event.clientY <= rect.bottom;
+                 if (this.options.pedantic) {
+                   text = trimmed.trim();
+                 } else if (!trimmed || / $/.test(trimmed)) {
+                   // CommonMark requires space before trailing #s
+                   text = trimmed.trim();
+                 }
                }
 
-               function pointerDownOnSelection(skipPointerId) {
-                   var mode = context.mode();
-                   var selectedIDs = mode.id === 'select' ? mode.selectedIDs() : [];
-                   for (var pointerId in _downPointers) {
-                       if (pointerId === 'spacebar' || pointerId === skipPointerId) continue;
-
-                       var pointerInfo = _downPointers[pointerId];
-
-                       var p1 = pointGetter(pointerInfo.firstEvent);
-                       var p2 = pointGetter(pointerInfo.lastEvent);
-                       if (geoVecLength(p1, p2) > _tolerancePx) continue;
-
-                       var datum = pointerInfo.firstEvent.target.__data__;
-                       var entity = (datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity) || datum;
-                       if (context.graph().hasEntity(entity.id)) return {
-                           pointerId: pointerId,
-                           entityId: entity.id,
-                           selected: selectedIDs.indexOf(entity.id) !== -1
-                       };
-                   }
-                   return null;
-               }
+               return {
+                 type: 'heading',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 depth: cap[1].length,
+                 text: text
+               };
+             }
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "nptable",
+           value: function nptable(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.nptable.exec(src);
+
+             if (cap) {
+               var item = {
+                 type: 'table',
+                 header: splitCells(cap[1].replace(/^ *| *\| *$/g, '')),
+                 align: cap[2].replace(/^ *|\| *$/g, '').split(/ *\| */),
+                 cells: cap[3] ? cap[3].replace(/\n$/, '').split('\n') : [],
+                 raw: cap[0]
+               };
 
+               if (item.header.length === item.align.length) {
+                 var l = item.align.length;
+                 var i;
+
+                 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+                   if (/^ *-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
+                     item.align[i] = 'right';
+                   } else if (/^ *:-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
+                     item.align[i] = 'center';
+                   } else if (/^ *:-+ *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
+                     item.align[i] = 'left';
+                   } else {
+                     item.align[i] = null;
+                   }
+                 }
 
-           function processClick(datum, isMultiselect, point, alsoSelectId) {
-               var mode = context.mode();
-               var showMenu = _showMenu;
-               var interactionType = _lastInteractionType;
+                 l = item.cells.length;
 
-               var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
-               if (entity) datum = entity;
+                 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+                   item.cells[i] = splitCells(item.cells[i], item.header.length);
+                 }
 
-               if (datum && datum.type === 'midpoint') {
-                   // treat targeting midpoints as if targeting the parent way
-                   datum = datum.parents[0];
+                 return item;
                }
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "hr",
+           value: function hr(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.hr.exec(src);
 
-               var newMode;
-
-               if (datum instanceof osmEntity) {
-                   // targeting an entity
-                   var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs();
-                   context.selectedNoteID(null);
-                   context.selectedErrorID(null);
-
-                   if (!isMultiselect) {
-                       // don't change the selection if we're toggling the menu atop a multiselection
-                       if (!showMenu ||
-                           selectedIDs.length <= 1 ||
-                           selectedIDs.indexOf(datum.id) === -1) {
-
-                           if (alsoSelectId === datum.id) alsoSelectId = null;
-
-                           selectedIDs = (alsoSelectId ? [alsoSelectId] : []).concat([datum.id]);
-                           // always enter modeSelect even if the entity is already
-                           // selected since listeners may expect `context.enter` events,
-                           // e.g. in the walkthrough
-                           newMode = mode.id === 'select' ? mode.selectedIDs(selectedIDs) : modeSelect(context, selectedIDs).selectBehavior(behavior);
-                           context.enter(newMode);
-                       }
+             if (cap) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'hr',
+                 raw: cap[0]
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "blockquote",
+           value: function blockquote(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.blockquote.exec(src);
 
-                   } else {
-                       if (selectedIDs.indexOf(datum.id) !== -1) {
-                           // clicked entity is already in the selectedIDs list..
-                           if (!showMenu) {
-                               // deselect clicked entity, then reenter select mode or return to browse mode..
-                               selectedIDs = selectedIDs.filter(function(id) { return id !== datum.id; });
-                               newMode = selectedIDs.length ? mode.selectedIDs(selectedIDs) : modeBrowse(context).selectBehavior(behavior);
-                               context.enter(newMode);
-                           }
-                       } else {
-                           // clicked entity is not in the selected list, add it..
-                           selectedIDs = selectedIDs.concat([datum.id]);
-                           newMode = mode.selectedIDs(selectedIDs);
-                           context.enter(newMode);
-                       }
-                   }
+             if (cap) {
+               var text = cap[0].replace(/^ *> ?/gm, '');
+               return {
+                 type: 'blockquote',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: text
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "list",
+           value: function list(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.list.exec(src);
+
+             if (cap) {
+               var raw = cap[0];
+               var bull = cap[2];
+               var isordered = bull.length > 1;
+               var list = {
+                 type: 'list',
+                 raw: raw,
+                 ordered: isordered,
+                 start: isordered ? +bull.slice(0, -1) : '',
+                 loose: false,
+                 items: []
+               }; // Get each top-level item.
+
+               var itemMatch = cap[0].match(this.rules.block.item);
+               var next = false,
+                   item,
+                   space,
+                   bcurr,
+                   bnext,
+                   addBack,
+                   loose,
+                   istask,
+                   ischecked,
+                   endMatch;
+               var l = itemMatch.length;
+               bcurr = this.rules.block.listItemStart.exec(itemMatch[0]);
+
+               for (var i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+                 item = itemMatch[i];
+                 raw = item;
+
+                 if (!this.options.pedantic) {
+                   // Determine if current item contains the end of the list
+                   endMatch = item.match(new RegExp('\\n\\s*\\n {0,' + (bcurr[0].length - 1) + '}\\S'));
+
+                   if (endMatch) {
+                     addBack = item.length - endMatch.index + itemMatch.slice(i + 1).join('\n').length;
+                     list.raw = list.raw.substring(0, list.raw.length - addBack);
+                     item = item.substring(0, endMatch.index);
+                     raw = item;
+                     l = i + 1;
+                   }
+                 } // Determine whether the next list item belongs here.
+                 // Backpedal if it does not belong in this list.
+
+
+                 if (i !== l - 1) {
+                   bnext = this.rules.block.listItemStart.exec(itemMatch[i + 1]);
+
+                   if (!this.options.pedantic ? bnext[1].length >= bcurr[0].length || bnext[1].length > 3 : bnext[1].length > bcurr[1].length) {
+                     // nested list or continuation
+                     itemMatch.splice(i, 2, itemMatch[i] + (!this.options.pedantic && bnext[1].length < bcurr[0].length && !itemMatch[i].match(/\n$/) ? '' : '\n') + itemMatch[i + 1]);
+                     i--;
+                     l--;
+                     continue;
+                   } else if ( // different bullet style
+                   !this.options.pedantic || this.options.smartLists ? bnext[2][bnext[2].length - 1] !== bull[bull.length - 1] : isordered === (bnext[2].length === 1)) {
+                     addBack = itemMatch.slice(i + 1).join('\n').length;
+                     list.raw = list.raw.substring(0, list.raw.length - addBack);
+                     i = l - 1;
+                   }
+
+                   bcurr = bnext;
+                 } // Remove the list item's bullet
+                 // so it is seen as the next token.
+
+
+                 space = item.length;
+                 item = item.replace(/^ *([*+-]|\d+[.)]) ?/, ''); // Outdent whatever the
+                 // list item contains. Hacky.
+
+                 if (~item.indexOf('\n ')) {
+                   space -= item.length;
+                   item = !this.options.pedantic ? item.replace(new RegExp('^ {1,' + space + '}', 'gm'), '') : item.replace(/^ {1,4}/gm, '');
+                 } // trim item newlines at end
+
+
+                 item = rtrim(item, '\n');
+
+                 if (i !== l - 1) {
+                   raw = raw + '\n';
+                 } // Determine whether item is loose or not.
+                 // Use: /(^|\n)(?! )[^\n]+\n\n(?!\s*$)/
+                 // for discount behavior.
+
+
+                 loose = next || /\n\n(?!\s*$)/.test(raw);
+
+                 if (i !== l - 1) {
+                   next = raw.slice(-2) === '\n\n';
+                   if (!loose) loose = next;
+                 }
 
-               } else if (datum && datum.__featurehash__ && !isMultiselect) {
-                   // targeting custom data
-                   context
-                       .selectedNoteID(null)
-                       .enter(modeSelectData(context, datum));
+                 if (loose) {
+                   list.loose = true;
+                 } // Check for task list items
 
-               } else if (datum instanceof osmNote && !isMultiselect) {
-                   // targeting a note
-                   context
-                       .selectedNoteID(datum.id)
-                       .enter(modeSelectNote(context, datum.id));
 
-               } else if (datum instanceof QAItem & !isMultiselect) {
-                   // targeting an external QA issue
-                   context
-                       .selectedErrorID(datum.id)
-                       .enter(modeSelectError(context, datum.id, datum.service));
+                 if (this.options.gfm) {
+                   istask = /^\[[ xX]\] /.test(item);
+                   ischecked = undefined;
 
-               } else {
-                   // targeting nothing
-                   context.selectedNoteID(null);
-                   context.selectedErrorID(null);
-                   if (!isMultiselect && mode.id !== 'browse') {
-                       context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+                   if (istask) {
+                     ischecked = item[1] !== ' ';
+                     item = item.replace(/^\[[ xX]\] +/, '');
                    }
-               }
-
-               context.ui().closeEditMenu();
+                 }
 
-               // always request to show the edit menu in case the mode needs it
-               if (showMenu) context.ui().showEditMenu(point, interactionType);
+                 list.items.push({
+                   type: 'list_item',
+                   raw: raw,
+                   task: istask,
+                   checked: ischecked,
+                   loose: loose,
+                   text: item
+                 });
+               }
 
-               resetProperties();
+               return list;
+             }
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "html",
+           value: function html(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.html.exec(src);
 
+             if (cap) {
+               return {
+                 type: this.options.sanitize ? 'paragraph' : 'html',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 pre: !this.options.sanitizer && (cap[1] === 'pre' || cap[1] === 'script' || cap[1] === 'style'),
+                 text: this.options.sanitize ? this.options.sanitizer ? this.options.sanitizer(cap[0]) : _escape(cap[0]) : cap[0]
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "def",
+           value: function def(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.def.exec(src);
 
-           function cancelLongPress() {
-               if (_longPressTimeout) window.clearTimeout(_longPressTimeout);
-               _longPressTimeout = null;
+             if (cap) {
+               if (cap[3]) cap[3] = cap[3].substring(1, cap[3].length - 1);
+               var tag = cap[1].toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, ' ');
+               return {
+                 type: 'def',
+                 tag: tag,
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 href: cap[2],
+                 title: cap[3]
+               };
+             }
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "table",
+           value: function table(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.table.exec(src);
+
+             if (cap) {
+               var item = {
+                 type: 'table',
+                 header: splitCells(cap[1].replace(/^ *| *\| *$/g, '')),
+                 align: cap[2].replace(/^ *|\| *$/g, '').split(/ *\| */),
+                 cells: cap[3] ? cap[3].replace(/\n$/, '').split('\n') : []
+               };
 
+               if (item.header.length === item.align.length) {
+                 item.raw = cap[0];
+                 var l = item.align.length;
+                 var i;
+
+                 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+                   if (/^ *-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
+                     item.align[i] = 'right';
+                   } else if (/^ *:-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
+                     item.align[i] = 'center';
+                   } else if (/^ *:-+ *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
+                     item.align[i] = 'left';
+                   } else {
+                     item.align[i] = null;
+                   }
+                 }
 
-           function resetProperties() {
-               cancelLongPress();
-               _showMenu = false;
-               _lastInteractionType = null;
-               // don't reset _lastMouseEvent since it might still be useful
-           }
-
-
-           function behavior(selection) {
-               resetProperties();
-               _lastMouseEvent = context.map().lastPointerEvent();
-
-               select(window)
-                   .on('keydown.select', keydown)
-                   .on('keyup.select', keyup)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.select', pointermove, true)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.select', pointerup, true)
-                   .on('pointercancel.select', pointercancel, true)
-                   .on('contextmenu.select-window', function() {
-                       // Edge and IE really like to show the contextmenu on the
-                       // menubar when user presses a keyboard menu button
-                       // even after we've already preventdefaulted the key event.
-                       var e = event;
-                       if (+e.clientX === 0 && +e.clientY === 0) {
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                       }
-                   });
+                 l = item.cells.length;
 
-               selection
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.select', pointerdown)
-                   .on('contextmenu.select', contextmenu);
+                 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+                   item.cells[i] = splitCells(item.cells[i].replace(/^ *\| *| *\| *$/g, ''), item.header.length);
+                 }
 
-               if (event && event.shiftKey) {
-                   context.surface()
-                       .classed('behavior-multiselect', true);
+                 return item;
                }
+             }
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "lheading",
+           value: function lheading(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.lheading.exec(src);
 
+             if (cap) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'heading',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 depth: cap[2].charAt(0) === '=' ? 1 : 2,
+                 text: cap[1]
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "paragraph",
+           value: function paragraph(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.paragraph.exec(src);
 
-           behavior.off = function(selection) {
-               cancelLongPress();
-
-               select(window)
-                   .on('keydown.select', null)
-                   .on('keyup.select', null)
-                   .on('contextmenu.select-window', null)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.select', null, true)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.select', null, true)
-                   .on('pointercancel.select', null, true);
-
-               selection
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.select', null)
-                   .on('contextmenu.select', null);
-
-               context.surface()
-                   .classed('behavior-multiselect', false);
-           };
-
-
-           return behavior;
-       }
-
-       function behaviorDrawWay(context, wayID, mode, startGraph) {
-
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('rejectedSelfIntersection');
+             if (cap) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'paragraph',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: cap[1].charAt(cap[1].length - 1) === '\n' ? cap[1].slice(0, -1) : cap[1]
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "text",
+           value: function text(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.block.text.exec(src);
 
-           var behavior = behaviorDraw(context);
+             if (cap) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'text',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: cap[0]
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "escape",
+           value: function escape(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.inline.escape.exec(src);
 
-           // Must be set by `drawWay.nodeIndex` before each install of this behavior.
-           var _nodeIndex;
+             if (cap) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'escape',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: _escape(cap[1])
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "tag",
+           value: function tag(src, inLink, inRawBlock) {
+             var cap = this.rules.inline.tag.exec(src);
 
-           var _origWay;
-           var _wayGeometry;
-           var _headNodeID;
-           var _annotation;
+             if (cap) {
+               if (!inLink && /^<a /i.test(cap[0])) {
+                 inLink = true;
+               } else if (inLink && /^<\/a>/i.test(cap[0])) {
+                 inLink = false;
+               }
 
-           var _pointerHasMoved = false;
+               if (!inRawBlock && /^<(pre|code|kbd|script)(\s|>)/i.test(cap[0])) {
+                 inRawBlock = true;
+               } else if (inRawBlock && /^<\/(pre|code|kbd|script)(\s|>)/i.test(cap[0])) {
+                 inRawBlock = false;
+               }
 
-           // The osmNode to be placed.
-           // This is temporary and just follows the mouse cursor until an "add" event occurs.
-           var _drawNode;
+               return {
+                 type: this.options.sanitize ? 'text' : 'html',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 inLink: inLink,
+                 inRawBlock: inRawBlock,
+                 text: this.options.sanitize ? this.options.sanitizer ? this.options.sanitizer(cap[0]) : _escape(cap[0]) : cap[0]
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "link",
+           value: function link(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.inline.link.exec(src);
 
-           var _didResolveTempEdit = false;
+             if (cap) {
+               var trimmedUrl = cap[2].trim();
 
-           function createDrawNode(loc) {
-               // don't make the draw node until we actually need it
-               _drawNode = osmNode({ loc: loc });
+               if (!this.options.pedantic && /^</.test(trimmedUrl)) {
+                 // commonmark requires matching angle brackets
+                 if (!/>$/.test(trimmedUrl)) {
+                   return;
+                 } // ending angle bracket cannot be escaped
 
-               context.pauseChangeDispatch();
-               context.replace(function actionAddDrawNode(graph) {
-                   // add the draw node to the graph and insert it into the way
-                   var way = graph.entity(wayID);
-                   return graph
-                       .replace(_drawNode)
-                       .replace(way.addNode(_drawNode.id, _nodeIndex));
-               }, _annotation);
-               context.resumeChangeDispatch();
 
-               setActiveElements();
-           }
+                 var rtrimSlash = rtrim(trimmedUrl.slice(0, -1), '\\');
 
-           function removeDrawNode() {
+                 if ((trimmedUrl.length - rtrimSlash.length) % 2 === 0) {
+                   return;
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 // find closing parenthesis
+                 var lastParenIndex = findClosingBracket(cap[2], '()');
+
+                 if (lastParenIndex > -1) {
+                   var start = cap[0].indexOf('!') === 0 ? 5 : 4;
+                   var linkLen = start + cap[1].length + lastParenIndex;
+                   cap[2] = cap[2].substring(0, lastParenIndex);
+                   cap[0] = cap[0].substring(0, linkLen).trim();
+                   cap[3] = '';
+                 }
+               }
 
-               context.pauseChangeDispatch();
-               context.replace(
-                   function actionDeleteDrawNode(graph) {
-                      var way = graph.entity(wayID);
-                      return graph
-                          .replace(way.removeNode(_drawNode.id))
-                          .remove(_drawNode);
-                  },
-                   _annotation
-               );
-               _drawNode = undefined;
-               context.resumeChangeDispatch();
-           }
+               var href = cap[2];
+               var title = '';
 
+               if (this.options.pedantic) {
+                 // split pedantic href and title
+                 var link = /^([^'"]*[^\s])\s+(['"])(.*)\2/.exec(href);
 
-           function keydown() {
-               if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
-                   if (context.surface().classed('nope')) {
-                       context.surface()
-                           .classed('nope-suppressed', true);
-                   }
-                   context.surface()
-                       .classed('nope', false)
-                       .classed('nope-disabled', true);
+                 if (link) {
+                   href = link[1];
+                   title = link[3];
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 title = cap[3] ? cap[3].slice(1, -1) : '';
                }
-           }
 
+               href = href.trim();
 
-           function keyup() {
-               if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
-                   if (context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed')) {
-                       context.surface()
-                           .classed('nope', true);
-                   }
-                   context.surface()
-                       .classed('nope-suppressed', false)
-                       .classed('nope-disabled', false);
+               if (/^</.test(href)) {
+                 if (this.options.pedantic && !/>$/.test(trimmedUrl)) {
+                   // pedantic allows starting angle bracket without ending angle bracket
+                   href = href.slice(1);
+                 } else {
+                   href = href.slice(1, -1);
+                 }
                }
-           }
-
 
-           function allowsVertex(d) {
-               return d.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(d, context.graph());
+               return outputLink(cap, {
+                 href: href ? href.replace(this.rules.inline._escapes, '$1') : href,
+                 title: title ? title.replace(this.rules.inline._escapes, '$1') : title
+               }, cap[0]);
+             }
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "reflink",
+           value: function reflink(src, links) {
+             var cap;
 
+             if ((cap = this.rules.inline.reflink.exec(src)) || (cap = this.rules.inline.nolink.exec(src))) {
+               var link = (cap[2] || cap[1]).replace(/\s+/g, ' ');
+               link = links[link.toLowerCase()];
 
-           // related code
-           // - `mode/drag_node.js`     `doMove()`
-           // - `behavior/draw.js`      `click()`
-           // - `behavior/draw_way.js`  `move()`
-           function move(datum) {
+               if (!link || !link.href) {
+                 var text = cap[0].charAt(0);
+                 return {
+                   type: 'text',
+                   raw: text,
+                   text: text
+                 };
+               }
 
-               var loc = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
+               return outputLink(cap, link, cap[0]);
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "emStrong",
+           value: function emStrong(src, maskedSrc) {
+             var prevChar = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : '';
+             var match = this.rules.inline.emStrong.lDelim.exec(src);
+             if (!match) return; // _ can't be between two alphanumerics. \p{L}\p{N} includes non-english alphabet/numbers as well
+
+             if (match[3] && prevChar.match(/(?:[0-9A-Za-z\xAA\xB2\xB3\xB5\xB9\xBA\xBC-\xBE\xC0-\xD6\xD8-\xF6\xF8-\u02C1\u02C6-\u02D1\u02E0-\u02E4\u02EC\u02EE\u0370-\u0374\u0376\u0377\u037A-\u037D\u037F\u0386\u0388-\u038A\u038C\u038E-\u03A1\u03A3-\u03F5\u03F7-\u0481\u048A-\u052F\u0531-\u0556\u0559\u0560-\u0588\u05D0-\u05EA\u05EF-\u05F2\u0620-\u064A\u0660-\u0669\u066E\u066F\u0671-\u06D3\u06D5\u06E5\u06E6\u06EE-\u06FC\u06FF\u0710\u0712-\u072F\u074D-\u07A5\u07B1\u07C0-\u07EA\u07F4\u07F5\u07FA\u0800-\u0815\u081A\u0824\u0828\u0840-\u0858\u0860-\u086A\u0870-\u0887\u0889-\u088E\u08A0-\u08C9\u0904-\u0939\u093D\u0950\u0958-\u0961\u0966-\u096F\u0971-\u0980\u0985-\u098C\u098F\u0990\u0993-\u09A8\u09AA-\u09B0\u09B2\u09B6-\u09B9\u09BD\u09CE\u09DC\u09DD\u09DF-\u09E1\u09E6-\u09F1\u09F4-\u09F9\u09FC\u0A05-\u0A0A\u0A0F\u0A10\u0A13-\u0A28\u0A2A-\u0A30\u0A32\u0A33\u0A35\u0A36\u0A38\u0A39\u0A59-\u0A5C\u0A5E\u0A66-\u0A6F\u0A72-\u0A74\u0A85-\u0A8D\u0A8F-\u0A91\u0A93-\u0AA8\u0AAA-\u0AB0\u0AB2\u0AB3\u0AB5-\u0AB9\u0ABD\u0AD0\u0AE0\u0AE1\u0AE6-\u0AEF\u0AF9\u0B05-\u0B0C\u0B0F\u0B10\u0B13-\u0B28\u0B2A-\u0B30\u0B32\u0B33\u0B35-\u0B39\u0B3D\u0B5C\u0B5D\u0B5F-\u0B61\u0B66-\u0B6F\u0B71-\u0B77\u0B83\u0B85-\u0B8A\u0B8E-\u0B90\u0B92-\u0B95\u0B99\u0B9A\u0B9C\u0B9E\u0B9F\u0BA3\u0BA4\u0BA8-\u0BAA\u0BAE-\u0BB9\u0BD0\u0BE6-\u0BF2\u0C05-\u0C0C\u0C0E-\u0C10\u0C12-\u0C28\u0C2A-\u0C39\u0C3D\u0C58-\u0C5A\u0C5D\u0C60\u0C61\u0C66-\u0C6F\u0C78-\u0C7E\u0C80\u0C85-\u0C8C\u0C8E-\u0C90\u0C92-\u0CA8\u0CAA-\u0CB3\u0CB5-\u0CB9\u0CBD\u0CDD\u0CDE\u0CE0\u0CE1\u0CE6-\u0CEF\u0CF1\u0CF2\u0D04-\u0D0C\u0D0E-\u0D10\u0D12-\u0D3A\u0D3D\u0D4E\u0D54-\u0D56\u0D58-\u0D61\u0D66-\u0D78\u0D7A-\u0D7F\u0D85-\u0D96\u0D9A-\u0DB1\u0DB3-\u0DBB\u0DBD\u0DC0-\u0DC6\u0DE6-\u0DEF\u0E01-\u0E30\u0E32\u0E33\u0E40-\u0E46\u0E50-\u0E59\u0E81\u0E82\u0E84\u0E86-\u0E8A\u0E8C-\u0EA3\u0EA5\u0EA7-\u0EB0\u0EB2\u0EB3\u0EBD\u0EC0-\u0EC4\u0EC6\u0ED0-\u0ED9\u0EDC-\u0EDF\u0F00\u0F20-\u0F33\u0F40-\u0F47\u0F49-\u0F6C\u0F88-\u0F8C\u1000-\u102A\u103F-\u1049\u1050-\u1055\u105A-\u105D\u1061\u1065\u1066\u106E-\u1070\u1075-\u1081\u108E\u1090-\u1099\u10A0-\u10C5\u10C7\u10CD\u10D0-\u10FA\u10FC-\u1248\u124A-\u124D\u1250-\u1256\u1258\u125A-\u125D\u1260-\u1288\u128A-\u128D\u1290-\u12B0\u12B2-\u12B5\u12B8-\u12BE\u12C0\u12C2-\u12C5\u12C8-\u12D6\u12D8-\u1310\u1312-\u1315\u1318-\u135A\u1369-\u137C\u1380-\u138F\u13A0-\u13F5\u13F8-\u13FD\u1401-\u166C\u166F-\u167F\u1681-\u169A\u16A0-\u16EA\u16EE-\u16F8\u1700-\u1711\u171F-\u1731\u1740-\u1751\u1760-\u176C\u176E-\u1770\u1780-\u17B3\u17D7\u17DC\u17E0-\u17E9\u17F0-\u17F9\u1810-\u1819\u1820-\u1878\u1880-\u1884\u1887-\u18A8\u18AA\u18B0-\u18F5\u1900-\u191E\u1946-\u196D\u1970-\u1974\u1980-\u19AB\u19B0-\u19C9\u19D0-\u19DA\u1A00-\u1A16\u1A20-\u1A54\u1A80-\u1A89\u1A90-\u1A99\u1AA7\u1B05-\u1B33\u1B45-\u1B4C\u1B50-\u1B59\u1B83-\u1BA0\u1BAE-\u1BE5\u1C00-\u1C23\u1C40-\u1C49\u1C4D-\u1C7D\u1C80-\u1C88\u1C90-\u1CBA\u1CBD-\u1CBF\u1CE9-\u1CEC\u1CEE-\u1CF3\u1CF5\u1CF6\u1CFA\u1D00-\u1DBF\u1E00-\u1F15\u1F18-\u1F1D\u1F20-\u1F45\u1F48-\u1F4D\u1F50-\u1F57\u1F59\u1F5B\u1F5D\u1F5F-\u1F7D\u1F80-\u1FB4\u1FB6-\u1FBC\u1FBE\u1FC2-\u1FC4\u1FC6-\u1FCC\u1FD0-\u1FD3\u1FD6-\u1FDB\u1FE0-\u1FEC\u1FF2-\u1FF4\u1FF6-\u1FFC\u2070\u2071\u2074-\u2079\u207F-\u2089\u2090-\u209C\u2102\u2107\u210A-\u2113\u2115\u2119-\u211D\u2124\u2126\u2128\u212A-\u212D\u212F-\u2139\u213C-\u213F\u2145-\u2149\u214E\u2150-\u2189\u2460-\u249B\u24EA-\u24FF\u2776-\u2793\u2C00-\u2CE4\u2CEB-\u2CEE\u2CF2\u2CF3\u2CFD\u2D00-\u2D25\u2D27\u2D2D\u2D30-\u2D67\u2D6F\u2D80-\u2D96\u2DA0-\u2DA6\u2DA8-\u2DAE\u2DB0-\u2DB6\u2DB8-\u2DBE\u2DC0-\u2DC6\u2DC8-\u2DCE\u2DD0-\u2DD6\u2DD8-\u2DDE\u2E2F\u3005-\u3007\u3021-\u3029\u3031-\u3035\u3038-\u303C\u3041-\u3096\u309D-\u309F\u30A1-\u30FA\u30FC-\u30FF\u3105-\u312F\u3131-\u318E\u3192-\u3195\u31A0-\u31BF\u31F0-\u31FF\u3220-\u3229\u3248-\u324F\u3251-\u325F\u3280-\u3289\u32B1-\u32BF\u3400-\u4DBF\u4E00-\uA48C\uA4D0-\uA4FD\uA500-\uA60C\uA610-\uA62B\uA640-\uA66E\uA67F-\uA69D\uA6A0-\uA6EF\uA717-\uA71F\uA722-\uA788\uA78B-\uA7CA\uA7D0\uA7D1\uA7D3\uA7D5-\uA7D9\uA7F2-\uA801\uA803-\uA805\uA807-\uA80A\uA80C-\uA822\uA830-\uA835\uA840-\uA873\uA882-\uA8B3\uA8D0-\uA8D9\uA8F2-\uA8F7\uA8FB\uA8FD\uA8FE\uA900-\uA925\uA930-\uA946\uA960-\uA97C\uA984-\uA9B2\uA9CF-\uA9D9\uA9E0-\uA9E4\uA9E6-\uA9FE\uAA00-\uAA28\uAA40-\uAA42\uAA44-\uAA4B\uAA50-\uAA59\uAA60-\uAA76\uAA7A\uAA7E-\uAAAF\uAAB1\uAAB5\uAAB6\uAAB9-\uAABD\uAAC0\uAAC2\uAADB-\uAADD\uAAE0-\uAAEA\uAAF2-\uAAF4\uAB01-\uAB06\uAB09-\uAB0E\uAB11-\uAB16\uAB20-\uAB26\uAB28-\uAB2E\uAB30-\uAB5A\uAB5C-\uAB69\uAB70-\uABE2\uABF0-\uABF9\uAC00-\uD7A3\uD7B0-\uD7C6\uD7CB-\uD7FB\uF900-\uFA6D\uFA70-\uFAD9\uFB00-\uFB06\uFB13-\uFB17\uFB1D\uFB1F-\uFB28\uFB2A-\uFB36\uFB38-\uFB3C\uFB3E\uFB40\uFB41\uFB43\uFB44\uFB46-\uFBB1\uFBD3-\uFD3D\uFD50-\uFD8F\uFD92-\uFDC7\uFDF0-\uFDFB\uFE70-\uFE74\uFE76-\uFEFC\uFF10-\uFF19\uFF21-\uFF3A\uFF41-\uFF5A\uFF66-\uFFBE\uFFC2-\uFFC7\uFFCA-\uFFCF\uFFD2-\uFFD7\uFFDA-\uFFDC]|\uD800[\uDC00-\uDC0B\uDC0D-\uDC26\uDC28-\uDC3A\uDC3C\uDC3D\uDC3F-\uDC4D\uDC50-\uDC5D\uDC80-\uDCFA\uDD07-\uDD33\uDD40-\uDD78\uDD8A\uDD8B\uDE80-\uDE9C\uDEA0-\uDED0\uDEE1-\uDEFB\uDF00-\uDF23\uDF2D-\uDF4A\uDF50-\uDF75\uDF80-\uDF9D\uDFA0-\uDFC3\uDFC8-\uDFCF\uDFD1-\uDFD5]|\uD801[\uDC00-\uDC9D\uDCA0-\uDCA9\uDCB0-\uDCD3\uDCD8-\uDCFB\uDD00-\uDD27\uDD30-\uDD63\uDD70-\uDD7A\uDD7C-\uDD8A\uDD8C-\uDD92\uDD94\uDD95\uDD97-\uDDA1\uDDA3-\uDDB1\uDDB3-\uDDB9\uDDBB\uDDBC\uDE00-\uDF36\uDF40-\uDF55\uDF60-\uDF67\uDF80-\uDF85\uDF87-\uDFB0\uDFB2-\uDFBA]|\uD802[\uDC00-\uDC05\uDC08\uDC0A-\uDC35\uDC37\uDC38\uDC3C\uDC3F-\uDC55\uDC58-\uDC76\uDC79-\uDC9E\uDCA7-\uDCAF\uDCE0-\uDCF2\uDCF4\uDCF5\uDCFB-\uDD1B\uDD20-\uDD39\uDD80-\uDDB7\uDDBC-\uDDCF\uDDD2-\uDE00\uDE10-\uDE13\uDE15-\uDE17\uDE19-\uDE35\uDE40-\uDE48\uDE60-\uDE7E\uDE80-\uDE9F\uDEC0-\uDEC7\uDEC9-\uDEE4\uDEEB-\uDEEF\uDF00-\uDF35\uDF40-\uDF55\uDF58-\uDF72\uDF78-\uDF91\uDFA9-\uDFAF]|\uD803[\uDC00-\uDC48\uDC80-\uDCB2\uDCC0-\uDCF2\uDCFA-\uDD23\uDD30-\uDD39\uDE60-\uDE7E\uDE80-\uDEA9\uDEB0\uDEB1\uDF00-\uDF27\uDF30-\uDF45\uDF51-\uDF54\uDF70-\uDF81\uDFB0-\uDFCB\uDFE0-\uDFF6]|\uD804[\uDC03-\uDC37\uDC52-\uDC6F\uDC71\uDC72\uDC75\uDC83-\uDCAF\uDCD0-\uDCE8\uDCF0-\uDCF9\uDD03-\uDD26\uDD36-\uDD3F\uDD44\uDD47\uDD50-\uDD72\uDD76\uDD83-\uDDB2\uDDC1-\uDDC4\uDDD0-\uDDDA\uDDDC\uDDE1-\uDDF4\uDE00-\uDE11\uDE13-\uDE2B\uDE80-\uDE86\uDE88\uDE8A-\uDE8D\uDE8F-\uDE9D\uDE9F-\uDEA8\uDEB0-\uDEDE\uDEF0-\uDEF9\uDF05-\uDF0C\uDF0F\uDF10\uDF13-\uDF28\uDF2A-\uDF30\uDF32\uDF33\uDF35-\uDF39\uDF3D\uDF50\uDF5D-\uDF61]|\uD805[\uDC00-\uDC34\uDC47-\uDC4A\uDC50-\uDC59\uDC5F-\uDC61\uDC80-\uDCAF\uDCC4\uDCC5\uDCC7\uDCD0-\uDCD9\uDD80-\uDDAE\uDDD8-\uDDDB\uDE00-\uDE2F\uDE44\uDE50-\uDE59\uDE80-\uDEAA\uDEB8\uDEC0-\uDEC9\uDF00-\uDF1A\uDF30-\uDF3B\uDF40-\uDF46]|\uD806[\uDC00-\uDC2B\uDCA0-\uDCF2\uDCFF-\uDD06\uDD09\uDD0C-\uDD13\uDD15\uDD16\uDD18-\uDD2F\uDD3F\uDD41\uDD50-\uDD59\uDDA0-\uDDA7\uDDAA-\uDDD0\uDDE1\uDDE3\uDE00\uDE0B-\uDE32\uDE3A\uDE50\uDE5C-\uDE89\uDE9D\uDEB0-\uDEF8]|\uD807[\uDC00-\uDC08\uDC0A-\uDC2E\uDC40\uDC50-\uDC6C\uDC72-\uDC8F\uDD00-\uDD06\uDD08\uDD09\uDD0B-\uDD30\uDD46\uDD50-\uDD59\uDD60-\uDD65\uDD67\uDD68\uDD6A-\uDD89\uDD98\uDDA0-\uDDA9\uDEE0-\uDEF2\uDFB0\uDFC0-\uDFD4]|\uD808[\uDC00-\uDF99]|\uD809[\uDC00-\uDC6E\uDC80-\uDD43]|\uD80B[\uDF90-\uDFF0]|[\uD80C\uD81C-\uD820\uD822\uD840-\uD868\uD86A-\uD86C\uD86F-\uD872\uD874-\uD879\uD880-\uD883][\uDC00-\uDFFF]|\uD80D[\uDC00-\uDC2E]|\uD811[\uDC00-\uDE46]|\uD81A[\uDC00-\uDE38\uDE40-\uDE5E\uDE60-\uDE69\uDE70-\uDEBE\uDEC0-\uDEC9\uDED0-\uDEED\uDF00-\uDF2F\uDF40-\uDF43\uDF50-\uDF59\uDF5B-\uDF61\uDF63-\uDF77\uDF7D-\uDF8F]|\uD81B[\uDE40-\uDE96\uDF00-\uDF4A\uDF50\uDF93-\uDF9F\uDFE0\uDFE1\uDFE3]|\uD821[\uDC00-\uDFF7]|\uD823[\uDC00-\uDCD5\uDD00-\uDD08]|\uD82B[\uDFF0-\uDFF3\uDFF5-\uDFFB\uDFFD\uDFFE]|\uD82C[\uDC00-\uDD22\uDD50-\uDD52\uDD64-\uDD67\uDD70-\uDEFB]|\uD82F[\uDC00-\uDC6A\uDC70-\uDC7C\uDC80-\uDC88\uDC90-\uDC99]|\uD834[\uDEE0-\uDEF3\uDF60-\uDF78]|\uD835[\uDC00-\uDC54\uDC56-\uDC9C\uDC9E\uDC9F\uDCA2\uDCA5\uDCA6\uDCA9-\uDCAC\uDCAE-\uDCB9\uDCBB\uDCBD-\uDCC3\uDCC5-\uDD05\uDD07-\uDD0A\uDD0D-\uDD14\uDD16-\uDD1C\uDD1E-\uDD39\uDD3B-\uDD3E\uDD40-\uDD44\uDD46\uDD4A-\uDD50\uDD52-\uDEA5\uDEA8-\uDEC0\uDEC2-\uDEDA\uDEDC-\uDEFA\uDEFC-\uDF14\uDF16-\uDF34\uDF36-\uDF4E\uDF50-\uDF6E\uDF70-\uDF88\uDF8A-\uDFA8\uDFAA-\uDFC2\uDFC4-\uDFCB\uDFCE-\uDFFF]|\uD837[\uDF00-\uDF1E]|\uD838[\uDD00-\uDD2C\uDD37-\uDD3D\uDD40-\uDD49\uDD4E\uDE90-\uDEAD\uDEC0-\uDEEB\uDEF0-\uDEF9]|\uD839[\uDFE0-\uDFE6\uDFE8-\uDFEB\uDFED\uDFEE\uDFF0-\uDFFE]|\uD83A[\uDC00-\uDCC4\uDCC7-\uDCCF\uDD00-\uDD43\uDD4B\uDD50-\uDD59]|\uD83B[\uDC71-\uDCAB\uDCAD-\uDCAF\uDCB1-\uDCB4\uDD01-\uDD2D\uDD2F-\uDD3D\uDE00-\uDE03\uDE05-\uDE1F\uDE21\uDE22\uDE24\uDE27\uDE29-\uDE32\uDE34-\uDE37\uDE39\uDE3B\uDE42\uDE47\uDE49\uDE4B\uDE4D-\uDE4F\uDE51\uDE52\uDE54\uDE57\uDE59\uDE5B\uDE5D\uDE5F\uDE61\uDE62\uDE64\uDE67-\uDE6A\uDE6C-\uDE72\uDE74-\uDE77\uDE79-\uDE7C\uDE7E\uDE80-\uDE89\uDE8B-\uDE9B\uDEA1-\uDEA3\uDEA5-\uDEA9\uDEAB-\uDEBB]|\uD83C[\uDD00-\uDD0C]|\uD83E[\uDFF0-\uDFF9]|\uD869[\uDC00-\uDEDF\uDF00-\uDFFF]|\uD86D[\uDC00-\uDF38\uDF40-\uDFFF]|\uD86E[\uDC00-\uDC1D\uDC20-\uDFFF]|\uD873[\uDC00-\uDEA1\uDEB0-\uDFFF]|\uD87A[\uDC00-\uDFE0]|\uD87E[\uDC00-\uDE1D]|\uD884[\uDC00-\uDF4A])/)) return;
+             var nextChar = match[1] || match[2] || '';
+
+             if (!nextChar || nextChar && (prevChar === '' || this.rules.inline.punctuation.exec(prevChar))) {
+               var lLength = match[0].length - 1;
+               var rDelim,
+                   rLength,
+                   delimTotal = lLength,
+                   midDelimTotal = 0;
+               var endReg = match[0][0] === '*' ? this.rules.inline.emStrong.rDelimAst : this.rules.inline.emStrong.rDelimUnd;
+               endReg.lastIndex = 0; // Clip maskedSrc to same section of string as src (move to lexer?)
+
+               maskedSrc = maskedSrc.slice(-1 * src.length + lLength);
+
+               while ((match = endReg.exec(maskedSrc)) != null) {
+                 rDelim = match[1] || match[2] || match[3] || match[4] || match[5] || match[6];
+                 if (!rDelim) continue; // skip single * in __abc*abc__
+
+                 rLength = rDelim.length;
+
+                 if (match[3] || match[4]) {
+                   // found another Left Delim
+                   delimTotal += rLength;
+                   continue;
+                 } else if (match[5] || match[6]) {
+                   // either Left or Right Delim
+                   if (lLength % 3 && !((lLength + rLength) % 3)) {
+                     midDelimTotal += rLength;
+                     continue; // CommonMark Emphasis Rules 9-10
+                   }
+                 }
 
-               if (!_drawNode) createDrawNode(loc);
+                 delimTotal -= rLength;
+                 if (delimTotal > 0) continue; // Haven't found enough closing delimiters
+                 // Remove extra characters. *a*** -> *a*
 
-               context.surface().classed('nope-disabled', event.altKey);
+                 rLength = Math.min(rLength, rLength + delimTotal + midDelimTotal); // Create `em` if smallest delimiter has odd char count. *a***
 
-               var targetLoc = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity &&
-                   allowsVertex(datum.properties.entity) && datum.properties.entity.loc;
-               var targetNodes = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.nodes;
+                 if (Math.min(lLength, rLength) % 2) {
+                   return {
+                     type: 'em',
+                     raw: src.slice(0, lLength + match.index + rLength + 1),
+                     text: src.slice(1, lLength + match.index + rLength)
+                   };
+                 } // Create 'strong' if smallest delimiter has even char count. **a***
 
-               if (targetLoc) {   // snap to node/vertex - a point target with `.loc`
-                   loc = targetLoc;
 
-               } else if (targetNodes) {   // snap to way - a line target with `.nodes`
-                   var choice = geoChooseEdge(targetNodes, context.map().mouse(), context.projection, _drawNode.id);
-                   if (choice) {
-                       loc = choice.loc;
-                   }
+                 return {
+                   type: 'strong',
+                   raw: src.slice(0, lLength + match.index + rLength + 1),
+                   text: src.slice(2, lLength + match.index + rLength - 1)
+                 };
                }
-
-               context.replace(actionMoveNode(_drawNode.id, loc), _annotation);
-               _drawNode = context.entity(_drawNode.id);
-               checkGeometry(true /* includeDrawNode */);
+             }
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "codespan",
+           value: function codespan(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.inline.code.exec(src);
 
+             if (cap) {
+               var text = cap[2].replace(/\n/g, ' ');
+               var hasNonSpaceChars = /[^ ]/.test(text);
+               var hasSpaceCharsOnBothEnds = /^ /.test(text) && / $/.test(text);
 
-           // Check whether this edit causes the geometry to break.
-           // If so, class the surface with a nope cursor.
-           // `includeDrawNode` - Only check the relevant line segments if finishing drawing
-           function checkGeometry(includeDrawNode) {
-               var nopeDisabled = context.surface().classed('nope-disabled');
-               var isInvalid = isInvalidGeometry(includeDrawNode);
-
-               if (nopeDisabled) {
-                   context.surface()
-                       .classed('nope', false)
-                       .classed('nope-suppressed', isInvalid);
-               } else {
-                   context.surface()
-                       .classed('nope', isInvalid)
-                       .classed('nope-suppressed', false);
+               if (hasNonSpaceChars && hasSpaceCharsOnBothEnds) {
+                 text = text.substring(1, text.length - 1);
                }
-           }
-
 
-           function isInvalidGeometry(includeDrawNode) {
+               text = _escape(text, true);
+               return {
+                 type: 'codespan',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: text
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "br",
+           value: function br(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.inline.br.exec(src);
 
-               var testNode = _drawNode;
+             if (cap) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'br',
+                 raw: cap[0]
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "del",
+           value: function del(src) {
+             var cap = this.rules.inline.del.exec(src);
 
-               // we only need to test the single way we're drawing
-               var parentWay = context.graph().entity(wayID);
-               var nodes = context.graph().childNodes(parentWay).slice();  // shallow copy
+             if (cap) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'del',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: cap[2]
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "autolink",
+           value: function autolink(src, mangle) {
+             var cap = this.rules.inline.autolink.exec(src);
 
-               if (includeDrawNode) {
-                   if (parentWay.isClosed()) {
-                       // don't test the last segment for closed ways - #4655
-                       // (still test the first segement)
-                       nodes.pop();
-                   }
-               } else { // discount the draw node
+             if (cap) {
+               var text, href;
 
-                   if (parentWay.isClosed()) {
-                       if (nodes.length < 3) return false;
-                       if (_drawNode) nodes.splice(-2, 1);
-                       testNode = nodes[nodes.length - 2];
-                   } else {
-                       // there's nothing we need to test if we ignore the draw node on open ways
-                       return false;
-                   }
+               if (cap[2] === '@') {
+                 text = _escape(this.options.mangle ? mangle(cap[1]) : cap[1]);
+                 href = 'mailto:' + text;
+               } else {
+                 text = _escape(cap[1]);
+                 href = text;
                }
 
-               return testNode && geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, testNode.id);
+               return {
+                 type: 'link',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: text,
+                 href: href,
+                 tokens: [{
+                   type: 'text',
+                   raw: text,
+                   text: text
+                 }]
+               };
+             }
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "url",
+           value: function url(src, mangle) {
+             var cap;
 
+             if (cap = this.rules.inline.url.exec(src)) {
+               var text, href;
 
-           function undone() {
-
-               // undoing removed the temp edit
-               _didResolveTempEdit = true;
-
-               context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+               if (cap[2] === '@') {
+                 text = _escape(this.options.mangle ? mangle(cap[0]) : cap[0]);
+                 href = 'mailto:' + text;
+               } else {
+                 // do extended autolink path validation
+                 var prevCapZero;
 
-               var nextMode;
+                 do {
+                   prevCapZero = cap[0];
+                   cap[0] = this.rules.inline._backpedal.exec(cap[0])[0];
+                 } while (prevCapZero !== cap[0]);
 
-               if (context.graph() === startGraph) { // we've undone back to the beginning
-                   nextMode = modeSelect(context, [wayID]);
-               } else {
-                   context.history()
-                       .on('undone.draw', null);
-                   // remove whatever segment was drawn previously
-                   context.undo();
+                 text = _escape(cap[0]);
 
-                   if (context.graph() === startGraph) { // we've undone back to the beginning
-                       nextMode = modeSelect(context, [wayID]);
-                   } else {
-                       // continue drawing
-                       nextMode = mode;
-                   }
+                 if (cap[1] === 'www.') {
+                   href = 'http://' + text;
+                 } else {
+                   href = text;
+                 }
                }
 
-               // clear the redo stack by adding and removing an edit
-               context.perform(actionNoop());
-               context.pop(1);
-
-               context.resumeChangeDispatch();
-               context.enter(nextMode);
+               return {
+                 type: 'link',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: text,
+                 href: href,
+                 tokens: [{
+                   type: 'text',
+                   raw: text,
+                   text: text
+                 }]
+               };
+             }
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "inlineText",
+           value: function inlineText(src, inRawBlock, smartypants) {
+             var cap = this.rules.inline.text.exec(src);
 
+             if (cap) {
+               var text;
 
-           function setActiveElements() {
-               if (!_drawNode) return;
+               if (inRawBlock) {
+                 text = this.options.sanitize ? this.options.sanitizer ? this.options.sanitizer(cap[0]) : _escape(cap[0]) : cap[0];
+               } else {
+                 text = _escape(this.options.smartypants ? smartypants(cap[0]) : cap[0]);
+               }
 
-               context.surface().selectAll('.' + _drawNode.id)
-                   .classed('active', true);
+               return {
+                 type: 'text',
+                 raw: cap[0],
+                 text: text
+               };
+             }
            }
+         }]);
 
+         return Tokenizer;
+       }();
 
-           function resetToStartGraph() {
-               while (context.graph() !== startGraph) {
-                   context.pop();
-               }
-           }
-
+       var noopTest = helpers.noopTest,
+           edit = helpers.edit,
+           merge$1 = helpers.merge;
+       /**
+        * Block-Level Grammar
+        */
 
-           var drawWay = function(surface) {
-               _drawNode = undefined;
-               _didResolveTempEdit = false;
-               _origWay = context.entity(wayID);
-               _headNodeID = typeof _nodeIndex === 'number' ? _origWay.nodes[_nodeIndex] :
-                   (_origWay.isClosed() ? _origWay.nodes[_origWay.nodes.length - 2] : _origWay.nodes[_origWay.nodes.length - 1]);
-               _wayGeometry = _origWay.geometry(context.graph());
-               _annotation = _t((_origWay.isDegenerate() ?
-                   'operations.start.annotation.' :
-                   'operations.continue.annotation.') + _wayGeometry
-               );
-               _pointerHasMoved = false;
-
-               // Push an annotated state for undo to return back to.
-               // We must make sure to replace or remove it later.
-               context.pauseChangeDispatch();
-               context.perform(actionNoop(), _annotation);
-               context.resumeChangeDispatch();
-
-               behavior.hover()
-                   .initialNodeID(_headNodeID);
-
-               behavior
-                   .on('move', function() {
-                       _pointerHasMoved = true;
-                       move.apply(this, arguments);
-                   })
-                   .on('down', function() {
-                       move.apply(this, arguments);
-                   })
-                   .on('downcancel', function() {
-                       if (_drawNode) removeDrawNode();
-                   })
-                   .on('click', drawWay.add)
-                   .on('clickWay', drawWay.addWay)
-                   .on('clickNode', drawWay.addNode)
-                   .on('undo', context.undo)
-                   .on('cancel', drawWay.cancel)
-                   .on('finish', drawWay.finish);
-
-               select(window)
-                   .on('keydown.drawWay', keydown)
-                   .on('keyup.drawWay', keyup);
-
-               context.map()
-                   .dblclickZoomEnable(false)
-                   .on('drawn.draw', setActiveElements);
-
-               setActiveElements();
-
-               surface.call(behavior);
-
-               context.history()
-                   .on('undone.draw', undone);
-           };
+       var block$1 = {
+         newline: /^(?: *(?:\n|$))+/,
+         code: /^( {4}[^\n]+(?:\n(?: *(?:\n|$))*)?)+/,
+         fences: /^ {0,3}(`{3,}(?=[^`\n]*\n)|~{3,})([^\n]*)\n(?:|([\s\S]*?)\n)(?: {0,3}\1[~`]* *(?:\n+|$)|$)/,
+         hr: /^ {0,3}((?:- *){3,}|(?:_ *){3,}|(?:\* *){3,})(?:\n+|$)/,
+         heading: /^ {0,3}(#{1,6})(?=\s|$)(.*)(?:\n+|$)/,
+         blockquote: /^( {0,3}> ?(paragraph|[^\n]*)(?:\n|$))+/,
+         list: /^( {0,3})(bull) [\s\S]+?(?:hr|def|\n{2,}(?! )(?! {0,3}bull )\n*|\s*$)/,
+         html: '^ {0,3}(?:' // optional indentation
+         + '<(script|pre|style)[\\s>][\\s\\S]*?(?:</\\1>[^\\n]*\\n+|$)' // (1)
+         + '|comment[^\\n]*(\\n+|$)' // (2)
+         + '|<\\?[\\s\\S]*?(?:\\?>\\n*|$)' // (3)
+         + '|<![A-Z][\\s\\S]*?(?:>\\n*|$)' // (4)
+         + '|<!\\[CDATA\\[[\\s\\S]*?(?:\\]\\]>\\n*|$)' // (5)
+         + '|</?(tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)[\\s\\S]*?(?:(?:\\n *)+\\n|$)' // (6)
+         + '|<(?!script|pre|style)([a-z][\\w-]*)(?:attribute)*? */?>(?=[ \\t]*(?:\\n|$))[\\s\\S]*?(?:(?:\\n *)+\\n|$)' // (7) open tag
+         + '|</(?!script|pre|style)[a-z][\\w-]*\\s*>(?=[ \\t]*(?:\\n|$))[\\s\\S]*?(?:(?:\\n *)+\\n|$)' // (7) closing tag
+         + ')',
+         def: /^ {0,3}\[(label)\]: *\n? *<?([^\s>]+)>?(?:(?: +\n? *| *\n *)(title))? *(?:\n+|$)/,
+         nptable: noopTest,
+         table: noopTest,
+         lheading: /^([^\n]+)\n {0,3}(=+|-+) *(?:\n+|$)/,
+         // regex template, placeholders will be replaced according to different paragraph
+         // interruption rules of commonmark and the original markdown spec:
+         _paragraph: /^([^\n]+(?:\n(?!hr|heading|lheading|blockquote|fences|list|html| +\n)[^\n]+)*)/,
+         text: /^[^\n]+/
+       };
+       block$1._label = /(?!\s*\])(?:\\[\[\]]|[^\[\]])+/;
+       block$1._title = /(?:"(?:\\"?|[^"\\])*"|'[^'\n]*(?:\n[^'\n]+)*\n?'|\([^()]*\))/;
+       block$1.def = edit(block$1.def).replace('label', block$1._label).replace('title', block$1._title).getRegex();
+       block$1.bullet = /(?:[*+-]|\d{1,9}[.)])/;
+       block$1.item = /^( *)(bull) ?[^\n]*(?:\n(?! *bull ?)[^\n]*)*/;
+       block$1.item = edit(block$1.item, 'gm').replace(/bull/g, block$1.bullet).getRegex();
+       block$1.listItemStart = edit(/^( *)(bull) */).replace('bull', block$1.bullet).getRegex();
+       block$1.list = edit(block$1.list).replace(/bull/g, block$1.bullet).replace('hr', '\\n+(?=\\1?(?:(?:- *){3,}|(?:_ *){3,}|(?:\\* *){3,})(?:\\n+|$))').replace('def', '\\n+(?=' + block$1.def.source + ')').getRegex();
+       block$1._tag = 'address|article|aside|base|basefont|blockquote|body|caption' + '|center|col|colgroup|dd|details|dialog|dir|div|dl|dt|fieldset|figcaption' + '|figure|footer|form|frame|frameset|h[1-6]|head|header|hr|html|iframe' + '|legend|li|link|main|menu|menuitem|meta|nav|noframes|ol|optgroup|option' + '|p|param|section|source|summary|table|tbody|td|tfoot|th|thead|title|tr' + '|track|ul';
+       block$1._comment = /<!--(?!-?>)[\s\S]*?(?:-->|$)/;
+       block$1.html = edit(block$1.html, 'i').replace('comment', block$1._comment).replace('tag', block$1._tag).replace('attribute', / +[a-zA-Z:_][\w.:-]*(?: *= *"[^"\n]*"| *= *'[^'\n]*'| *= *[^\s"'=<>`]+)?/).getRegex();
+       block$1.paragraph = edit(block$1._paragraph).replace('hr', block$1.hr).replace('heading', ' {0,3}#{1,6} ').replace('|lheading', '') // setex headings don't interrupt commonmark paragraphs
+       .replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>').replace('fences', ' {0,3}(?:`{3,}(?=[^`\\n]*\\n)|~{3,})[^\\n]*\\n').replace('list', ' {0,3}(?:[*+-]|1[.)]) ') // only lists starting from 1 can interrupt
+       .replace('html', '</?(?:tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)|<(?:script|pre|style|!--)').replace('tag', block$1._tag) // pars can be interrupted by type (6) html blocks
+       .getRegex();
+       block$1.blockquote = edit(block$1.blockquote).replace('paragraph', block$1.paragraph).getRegex();
+       /**
+        * Normal Block Grammar
+        */
 
+       block$1.normal = merge$1({}, block$1);
+       /**
+        * GFM Block Grammar
+        */
 
-           drawWay.off = function(surface) {
+       block$1.gfm = merge$1({}, block$1.normal, {
+         nptable: '^ *([^|\\n ].*\\|.*)\\n' // Header
+         + ' {0,3}([-:]+ *\\|[-| :]*)' // Align
+         + '(?:\\n((?:(?!\\n|hr|heading|blockquote|code|fences|list|html).*(?:\\n|$))*)\\n*|$)',
+         // Cells
+         table: '^ *\\|(.+)\\n' // Header
+         + ' {0,3}\\|?( *[-:]+[-| :]*)' // Align
+         + '(?:\\n *((?:(?!\\n|hr|heading|blockquote|code|fences|list|html).*(?:\\n|$))*)\\n*|$)' // Cells
 
-               if (!_didResolveTempEdit) {
-                   // Drawing was interrupted unexpectedly.
-                   // This can happen if the user changes modes,
-                   // clicks geolocate button, a hashchange event occurs, etc.
+       });
+       block$1.gfm.nptable = edit(block$1.gfm.nptable).replace('hr', block$1.hr).replace('heading', ' {0,3}#{1,6} ').replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>').replace('code', ' {4}[^\\n]').replace('fences', ' {0,3}(?:`{3,}(?=[^`\\n]*\\n)|~{3,})[^\\n]*\\n').replace('list', ' {0,3}(?:[*+-]|1[.)]) ') // only lists starting from 1 can interrupt
+       .replace('html', '</?(?:tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)|<(?:script|pre|style|!--)').replace('tag', block$1._tag) // tables can be interrupted by type (6) html blocks
+       .getRegex();
+       block$1.gfm.table = edit(block$1.gfm.table).replace('hr', block$1.hr).replace('heading', ' {0,3}#{1,6} ').replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>').replace('code', ' {4}[^\\n]').replace('fences', ' {0,3}(?:`{3,}(?=[^`\\n]*\\n)|~{3,})[^\\n]*\\n').replace('list', ' {0,3}(?:[*+-]|1[.)]) ') // only lists starting from 1 can interrupt
+       .replace('html', '</?(?:tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)|<(?:script|pre|style|!--)').replace('tag', block$1._tag) // tables can be interrupted by type (6) html blocks
+       .getRegex();
+       /**
+        * Pedantic grammar (original John Gruber's loose markdown specification)
+        */
 
-                   context.pauseChangeDispatch();
-                   resetToStartGraph();
-                   context.resumeChangeDispatch();
-               }
+       block$1.pedantic = merge$1({}, block$1.normal, {
+         html: edit('^ *(?:comment *(?:\\n|\\s*$)' + '|<(tag)[\\s\\S]+?</\\1> *(?:\\n{2,}|\\s*$)' // closed tag
+         + '|<tag(?:"[^"]*"|\'[^\']*\'|\\s[^\'"/>\\s]*)*?/?> *(?:\\n{2,}|\\s*$))').replace('comment', block$1._comment).replace(/tag/g, '(?!(?:' + 'a|em|strong|small|s|cite|q|dfn|abbr|data|time|code|var|samp|kbd|sub' + '|sup|i|b|u|mark|ruby|rt|rp|bdi|bdo|span|br|wbr|ins|del|img)' + '\\b)\\w+(?!:|[^\\w\\s@]*@)\\b').getRegex(),
+         def: /^ *\[([^\]]+)\]: *<?([^\s>]+)>?(?: +(["(][^\n]+[")]))? *(?:\n+|$)/,
+         heading: /^(#{1,6})(.*)(?:\n+|$)/,
+         fences: noopTest,
+         // fences not supported
+         paragraph: edit(block$1.normal._paragraph).replace('hr', block$1.hr).replace('heading', ' *#{1,6} *[^\n]').replace('lheading', block$1.lheading).replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>').replace('|fences', '').replace('|list', '').replace('|html', '').getRegex()
+       });
+       /**
+        * Inline-Level Grammar
+        */
 
-               _drawNode = undefined;
-               _nodeIndex = undefined;
+       var inline$1 = {
+         escape: /^\\([!"#$%&'()*+,\-./:;<=>?@\[\]\\^_`{|}~])/,
+         autolink: /^<(scheme:[^\s\x00-\x1f<>]*|email)>/,
+         url: noopTest,
+         tag: '^comment' + '|^</[a-zA-Z][\\w:-]*\\s*>' // self-closing tag
+         + '|^<[a-zA-Z][\\w-]*(?:attribute)*?\\s*/?>' // open tag
+         + '|^<\\?[\\s\\S]*?\\?>' // processing instruction, e.g. <?php ?>
+         + '|^<![a-zA-Z]+\\s[\\s\\S]*?>' // declaration, e.g. <!DOCTYPE html>
+         + '|^<!\\[CDATA\\[[\\s\\S]*?\\]\\]>',
+         // CDATA section
+         link: /^!?\[(label)\]\(\s*(href)(?:\s+(title))?\s*\)/,
+         reflink: /^!?\[(label)\]\[(?!\s*\])((?:\\[\[\]]?|[^\[\]\\])+)\]/,
+         nolink: /^!?\[(?!\s*\])((?:\[[^\[\]]*\]|\\[\[\]]|[^\[\]])*)\](?:\[\])?/,
+         reflinkSearch: 'reflink|nolink(?!\\()',
+         emStrong: {
+           lDelim: /^(?:\*+(?:([punct_])|[^\s*]))|^_+(?:([punct*])|([^\s_]))/,
+           //        (1) and (2) can only be a Right Delimiter. (3) and (4) can only be Left.  (5) and (6) can be either Left or Right.
+           //        () Skip other delimiter (1) #***                   (2) a***#, a***                   (3) #***a, ***a                 (4) ***#              (5) #***#                 (6) a***a
+           rDelimAst: /\_\_[^_*]*?\*[^_*]*?\_\_|[punct_](\*+)(?=[\s]|$)|[^punct*_\s](\*+)(?=[punct_\s]|$)|[punct_\s](\*+)(?=[^punct*_\s])|[\s](\*+)(?=[punct_])|[punct_](\*+)(?=[punct_])|[^punct*_\s](\*+)(?=[^punct*_\s])/,
+           rDelimUnd: /\*\*[^_*]*?\_[^_*]*?\*\*|[punct*](\_+)(?=[\s]|$)|[^punct*_\s](\_+)(?=[punct*\s]|$)|[punct*\s](\_+)(?=[^punct*_\s])|[\s](\_+)(?=[punct*])|[punct*](\_+)(?=[punct*])/ // ^- Not allowed for _
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('drawn.draw', null);
+         },
+         code: /^(`+)([^`]|[^`][\s\S]*?[^`])\1(?!`)/,
+         br: /^( {2,}|\\)\n(?!\s*$)/,
+         del: noopTest,
+         text: /^(`+|[^`])(?:(?= {2,}\n)|[\s\S]*?(?:(?=[\\<!\[`*_]|\b_|$)|[^ ](?= {2,}\n)))/,
+         punctuation: /^([\spunctuation])/
+       }; // list of punctuation marks from CommonMark spec
+       // without * and _ to handle the different emphasis markers * and _
+
+       inline$1._punctuation = '!"#$%&\'()+\\-.,/:;<=>?@\\[\\]`^{|}~';
+       inline$1.punctuation = edit(inline$1.punctuation).replace(/punctuation/g, inline$1._punctuation).getRegex(); // sequences em should skip over [title](link), `code`, <html>
+
+       inline$1.blockSkip = /\[[^\]]*?\]\([^\)]*?\)|`[^`]*?`|<[^>]*?>/g;
+       inline$1.escapedEmSt = /\\\*|\\_/g;
+       inline$1._comment = edit(block$1._comment).replace('(?:-->|$)', '-->').getRegex();
+       inline$1.emStrong.lDelim = edit(inline$1.emStrong.lDelim).replace(/punct/g, inline$1._punctuation).getRegex();
+       inline$1.emStrong.rDelimAst = edit(inline$1.emStrong.rDelimAst, 'g').replace(/punct/g, inline$1._punctuation).getRegex();
+       inline$1.emStrong.rDelimUnd = edit(inline$1.emStrong.rDelimUnd, 'g').replace(/punct/g, inline$1._punctuation).getRegex();
+       inline$1._escapes = /\\([!"#$%&'()*+,\-./:;<=>?@\[\]\\^_`{|}~])/g;
+       inline$1._scheme = /[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9+.-]{1,31}/;
+       inline$1._email = /[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+(@)[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?)+(?![-_])/;
+       inline$1.autolink = edit(inline$1.autolink).replace('scheme', inline$1._scheme).replace('email', inline$1._email).getRegex();
+       inline$1._attribute = /\s+[a-zA-Z:_][\w.:-]*(?:\s*=\s*"[^"]*"|\s*=\s*'[^']*'|\s*=\s*[^\s"'=<>`]+)?/;
+       inline$1.tag = edit(inline$1.tag).replace('comment', inline$1._comment).replace('attribute', inline$1._attribute).getRegex();
+       inline$1._label = /(?:\[(?:\\.|[^\[\]\\])*\]|\\.|`[^`]*`|[^\[\]\\`])*?/;
+       inline$1._href = /<(?:\\.|[^\n<>\\])+>|[^\s\x00-\x1f]*/;
+       inline$1._title = /"(?:\\"?|[^"\\])*"|'(?:\\'?|[^'\\])*'|\((?:\\\)?|[^)\\])*\)/;
+       inline$1.link = edit(inline$1.link).replace('label', inline$1._label).replace('href', inline$1._href).replace('title', inline$1._title).getRegex();
+       inline$1.reflink = edit(inline$1.reflink).replace('label', inline$1._label).getRegex();
+       inline$1.reflinkSearch = edit(inline$1.reflinkSearch, 'g').replace('reflink', inline$1.reflink).replace('nolink', inline$1.nolink).getRegex();
+       /**
+        * Normal Inline Grammar
+        */
 
-               surface.call(behavior.off)
-                   .selectAll('.active')
-                   .classed('active', false);
+       inline$1.normal = merge$1({}, inline$1);
+       /**
+        * Pedantic Inline Grammar
+        */
 
-               surface
-                   .classed('nope', false)
-                   .classed('nope-suppressed', false)
-                   .classed('nope-disabled', false);
+       inline$1.pedantic = merge$1({}, inline$1.normal, {
+         strong: {
+           start: /^__|\*\*/,
+           middle: /^__(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)__(?!_)|^\*\*(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)\*\*(?!\*)/,
+           endAst: /\*\*(?!\*)/g,
+           endUnd: /__(?!_)/g
+         },
+         em: {
+           start: /^_|\*/,
+           middle: /^()\*(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)\*(?!\*)|^_(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)_(?!_)/,
+           endAst: /\*(?!\*)/g,
+           endUnd: /_(?!_)/g
+         },
+         link: edit(/^!?\[(label)\]\((.*?)\)/).replace('label', inline$1._label).getRegex(),
+         reflink: edit(/^!?\[(label)\]\s*\[([^\]]*)\]/).replace('label', inline$1._label).getRegex()
+       });
+       /**
+        * GFM Inline Grammar
+        */
 
-               select(window)
-                   .on('keydown.drawWay', null)
-                   .on('keyup.drawWay', null);
+       inline$1.gfm = merge$1({}, inline$1.normal, {
+         escape: edit(inline$1.escape).replace('])', '~|])').getRegex(),
+         _extended_email: /[A-Za-z0-9._+-]+(@)[a-zA-Z0-9-_]+(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9-_]*[a-zA-Z0-9])+(?![-_])/,
+         url: /^((?:ftp|https?):\/\/|www\.)(?:[a-zA-Z0-9\-]+\.?)+[^\s<]*|^email/,
+         _backpedal: /(?:[^?!.,:;*_~()&]+|\([^)]*\)|&(?![a-zA-Z0-9]+;$)|[?!.,:;*_~)]+(?!$))+/,
+         del: /^(~~?)(?=[^\s~])([\s\S]*?[^\s~])\1(?=[^~]|$)/,
+         text: /^([`~]+|[^`~])(?:(?= {2,}\n)|(?=[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?_`{\|}~-]+@)|[\s\S]*?(?:(?=[\\<!\[`*~_]|\b_|https?:\/\/|ftp:\/\/|www\.|$)|[^ ](?= {2,}\n)|[^a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?_`{\|}~-](?=[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?_`{\|}~-]+@)))/
+       });
+       inline$1.gfm.url = edit(inline$1.gfm.url, 'i').replace('email', inline$1.gfm._extended_email).getRegex();
+       /**
+        * GFM + Line Breaks Inline Grammar
+        */
 
-               context.history()
-                   .on('undone.draw', null);
-           };
+       inline$1.breaks = merge$1({}, inline$1.gfm, {
+         br: edit(inline$1.br).replace('{2,}', '*').getRegex(),
+         text: edit(inline$1.gfm.text).replace('\\b_', '\\b_| {2,}\\n').replace(/\{2,\}/g, '*').getRegex()
+       });
+       var rules = {
+         block: block$1,
+         inline: inline$1
+       };
 
+       var Tokenizer$1 = Tokenizer_1;
+       var defaults$3 = defaults$5.exports.defaults;
+       var block = rules.block,
+           inline = rules.inline;
+       var repeatString = helpers.repeatString;
+       /**
+        * smartypants text replacement
+        */
 
-           function attemptAdd(d, loc, doAdd) {
+       function smartypants(text) {
+         return text // em-dashes
+         .replace(/---/g, "\u2014") // en-dashes
+         .replace(/--/g, "\u2013") // opening singles
+         .replace(/(^|[-\u2014/(\[{"\s])'/g, "$1\u2018") // closing singles & apostrophes
+         .replace(/'/g, "\u2019") // opening doubles
+         .replace(/(^|[-\u2014/(\[{\u2018\s])"/g, "$1\u201C") // closing doubles
+         .replace(/"/g, "\u201D") // ellipses
+         .replace(/\.{3}/g, "\u2026");
+       }
+       /**
+        * mangle email addresses
+        */
 
-               if (_drawNode) {
-                   // move the node to the final loc in case move wasn't called
-                   // consistently (e.g. on touch devices)
-                   context.replace(actionMoveNode(_drawNode.id, loc), _annotation);
-                   _drawNode = context.entity(_drawNode.id);
-               } else {
-                   createDrawNode(loc);
-               }
 
-               checkGeometry(true /* includeDrawNode */);
-               if ((d && d.properties && d.properties.nope) || context.surface().classed('nope')) {
-                   if (!_pointerHasMoved) {
-                       // prevent the temporary draw node from appearing on touch devices
-                       removeDrawNode();
-                   }
-                   dispatch$1.call('rejectedSelfIntersection', this);
-                   return;   // can't click here
-               }
+       function mangle(text) {
+         var out = '',
+             i,
+             ch;
+         var l = text.length;
 
-               context.pauseChangeDispatch();
-               doAdd();
-               // we just replaced the temporary edit with the real one
-               _didResolveTempEdit = true;
-               context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+         for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+           ch = text.charCodeAt(i);
 
-               context.enter(mode);
+           if (Math.random() > 0.5) {
+             ch = 'x' + ch.toString(16);
            }
 
+           out += '&#' + ch + ';';
+         }
+
+         return out;
+       }
+       /**
+        * Block Lexer
+        */
 
-           // Accept the current position of the drawing node
-           drawWay.add = function(loc, d) {
-               attemptAdd(d, loc, function() {
-                   // don't need to do anything extra
-               });
-           };
 
+       var Lexer_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function Lexer(options) {
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, Lexer);
 
-           // Connect the way to an existing way
-           drawWay.addWay = function(loc, edge, d) {
-               attemptAdd(d, loc, function() {
-                   context.replace(
-                       actionAddMidpoint({ loc: loc, edge: edge }, _drawNode),
-                       _annotation
-                   );
-               });
+           this.tokens = [];
+           this.tokens.links = Object.create(null);
+           this.options = options || defaults$3;
+           this.options.tokenizer = this.options.tokenizer || new Tokenizer$1();
+           this.tokenizer = this.options.tokenizer;
+           this.tokenizer.options = this.options;
+           var rules = {
+             block: block.normal,
+             inline: inline.normal
            };
 
+           if (this.options.pedantic) {
+             rules.block = block.pedantic;
+             rules.inline = inline.pedantic;
+           } else if (this.options.gfm) {
+             rules.block = block.gfm;
 
-           // Connect the way to an existing node
-           drawWay.addNode = function(node, d) {
+             if (this.options.breaks) {
+               rules.inline = inline.breaks;
+             } else {
+               rules.inline = inline.gfm;
+             }
+           }
 
-               // finish drawing if the mapper targets the prior node
-               if (node.id === _headNodeID ||
-                   // or the first node when drawing an area
-                   (_origWay.isClosed() && node.id === _origWay.first())) {
-                   drawWay.finish();
-                   return;
-               }
+           this.tokenizer.rules = rules;
+         }
+         /**
+          * Expose Rules
+          */
 
-               attemptAdd(d, node.loc, function() {
-                   context.replace(
-                       function actionReplaceDrawNode(graph) {
-                           // remove the temporary draw node and insert the existing node
-                           // at the same index
 
-                           graph = graph
-                               .replace(graph.entity(wayID).removeNode(_drawNode.id))
-                               .remove(_drawNode);
-                           return graph
-                               .replace(graph.entity(wayID).addNode(node.id, _nodeIndex));
-                       },
-                       _annotation
-                   );
-               });
-           };
+         _createClass$1(Lexer, [{
+           key: "lex",
+           value:
+           /**
+            * Preprocessing
+            */
+           function lex(src) {
+             src = src.replace(/\r\n|\r/g, '\n').replace(/\t/g, '    ');
+             this.blockTokens(src, this.tokens, true);
+             this.inline(this.tokens);
+             return this.tokens;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Lexing
+            */
 
+         }, {
+           key: "blockTokens",
+           value: function blockTokens(src) {
+             var tokens = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : [];
+             var top = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : true;
 
-           // Finish the draw operation, removing the temporary edit.
-           // If the way has enough nodes to be valid, it's selected.
-           // Otherwise, delete everything and return to browse mode.
-           drawWay.finish = function() {
-               checkGeometry(false /* includeDrawNode */);
-               if (context.surface().classed('nope')) {
-                   dispatch$1.call('rejectedSelfIntersection', this);
-                   return;   // can't click here
-               }
+             if (this.options.pedantic) {
+               src = src.replace(/^ +$/gm, '');
+             }
 
-               context.pauseChangeDispatch();
-               // remove the temporary edit
-               context.pop(1);
-               _didResolveTempEdit = true;
-               context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+             var token, i, l, lastToken;
 
-               var way = context.hasEntity(wayID);
-               if (!way || way.isDegenerate()) {
-                   drawWay.cancel();
-                   return;
-               }
+             while (src) {
+               // newline
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.space(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
 
-               window.setTimeout(function() {
-                   context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
-               }, 1000);
+                 if (token.type) {
+                   tokens.push(token);
+                 }
 
-               var isNewFeature = !mode.isContinuing;
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [wayID]).newFeature(isNewFeature));
-           };
+                 continue;
+               } // code
 
 
-           // Cancel the draw operation, delete everything, and return to browse mode.
-           drawWay.cancel = function() {
-               context.pauseChangeDispatch();
-               resetToStartGraph();
-               context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.code(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 lastToken = tokens[tokens.length - 1]; // An indented code block cannot interrupt a paragraph.
 
-               window.setTimeout(function() {
-                   context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
-               }, 1000);
+                 if (lastToken && lastToken.type === 'paragraph') {
+                   lastToken.raw += '\n' + token.raw;
+                   lastToken.text += '\n' + token.text;
+                 } else {
+                   tokens.push(token);
+                 }
 
-               context.surface()
-                   .classed('nope', false)
-                   .classed('nope-disabled', false)
-                   .classed('nope-suppressed', false);
+                 continue;
+               } // fences
 
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           };
 
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.fences(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // heading
 
-           drawWay.nodeIndex = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _nodeIndex;
-               _nodeIndex = val;
-               return drawWay;
-           };
 
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.heading(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // table no leading pipe (gfm)
 
-           drawWay.activeID = function() {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _drawNode && _drawNode.id;
-               // no assign
-               return drawWay;
-           };
 
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.nptable(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // hr
 
-           return utilRebind(drawWay, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
 
-       function modeDrawLine(context, wayID, startGraph, button, affix, continuing) {
-           var mode = {
-               button: button,
-               id: 'draw-line'
-           };
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.hr(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // blockquote
 
-           var behavior = behaviorDrawWay(context, wayID, mode, startGraph)
-               .on('rejectedSelfIntersection.modeDrawLine', function() {
-                   context.ui().flash
-                       .text(_t('self_intersection.error.lines'))();
-               });
 
-           mode.wayID = wayID;
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.blockquote(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 token.tokens = this.blockTokens(token.text, [], top);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // list
 
-           mode.isContinuing = continuing;
 
-           mode.enter = function() {
-               behavior
-                   .nodeIndex(affix === 'prefix' ? 0 : undefined);
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.list(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 l = token.items.length;
 
-               context.install(behavior);
-           };
+                 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+                   token.items[i].tokens = this.blockTokens(token.items[i].text, [], false);
+                 }
 
-           mode.exit = function() {
-               context.uninstall(behavior);
-           };
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // html
 
-           mode.selectedIDs = function() {
-               return [wayID];
-           };
 
-           mode.activeID = function() {
-               return (behavior && behavior.activeID()) || [];
-           };
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.html(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // def
 
-           return mode;
-       }
 
-       function operationContinue(context, selectedIDs) {
-           var graph = context.graph();
-           var entities = selectedIDs.map(function(id) { return graph.entity(id); });
-           var geometries = Object.assign(
-               { line: [], vertex: [] },
-               utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function(entity) { return entity.geometry(graph); })
-           );
-           var vertex = geometries.vertex[0];
+               if (top && (token = this.tokenizer.def(src))) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
 
+                 if (!this.tokens.links[token.tag]) {
+                   this.tokens.links[token.tag] = {
+                     href: token.href,
+                     title: token.title
+                   };
+                 }
 
-           function candidateWays() {
-               return graph.parentWays(vertex).filter(function(parent) {
-                   return parent.geometry(graph) === 'line' &&
-                       !parent.isClosed() &&
-                       parent.affix(vertex.id) &&
-                       (geometries.line.length === 0 || geometries.line[0] === parent);
-               });
-           }
+                 continue;
+               } // table (gfm)
 
 
-           var operation = function() {
-               var candidate = candidateWays()[0];
-               context.enter(
-                   modeDrawLine(context, candidate.id, context.graph(), 'line', candidate.affix(vertex.id), true)
-               );
-           };
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.table(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // lheading
 
 
-           operation.available = function() {
-               return geometries.vertex.length === 1 &&
-                   geometries.line.length <= 1 &&
-                   !context.features().hasHiddenConnections(vertex, context.graph());
-           };
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.lheading(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // top-level paragraph
 
 
-           operation.disabled = function() {
-               var candidates = candidateWays();
-               if (candidates.length === 0) {
-                   return 'not_eligible';
-               } else if (candidates.length > 1) {
-                   return 'multiple';
-               }
+               if (top && (token = this.tokenizer.paragraph(src))) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // text
 
-               return false;
-           };
 
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.text(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 lastToken = tokens[tokens.length - 1];
 
-           operation.tooltip = function() {
-               var disable = operation.disabled();
-               return disable ?
-                   _t('operations.continue.' + disable) :
-                   _t('operations.continue.description');
-           };
+                 if (lastToken && lastToken.type === 'text') {
+                   lastToken.raw += '\n' + token.raw;
+                   lastToken.text += '\n' + token.text;
+                 } else {
+                   tokens.push(token);
+                 }
 
+                 continue;
+               }
 
-           operation.annotation = function() {
-               return _t('operations.continue.annotation.line');
-           };
+               if (src) {
+                 var errMsg = 'Infinite loop on byte: ' + src.charCodeAt(0);
 
+                 if (this.options.silent) {
+                   console.error(errMsg);
+                   break;
+                 } else {
+                   throw new Error(errMsg);
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-           operation.id = 'continue';
-           operation.keys = [_t('operations.continue.key')];
-           operation.title = _t('operations.continue.title');
-           operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+             return tokens;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "inline",
+           value: function inline(tokens) {
+             var i, j, k, l2, row, token;
+             var l = tokens.length;
+
+             for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+               token = tokens[i];
+
+               switch (token.type) {
+                 case 'paragraph':
+                 case 'text':
+                 case 'heading':
+                   {
+                     token.tokens = [];
+                     this.inlineTokens(token.text, token.tokens);
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-           return operation;
-       }
+                 case 'table':
+                   {
+                     token.tokens = {
+                       header: [],
+                       cells: []
+                     }; // header
 
-       function operationCopy(context, selectedIDs) {
+                     l2 = token.header.length;
 
-           var _multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
+                       token.tokens.header[j] = [];
+                       this.inlineTokens(token.header[j], token.tokens.header[j]);
+                     } // cells
 
-           function getFilteredIdsToCopy() {
-               return selectedIDs.filter(function(selectedID) {
-                   var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(selectedID);
-                   // don't copy untagged vertices separately from ways
-                   return entity.hasInterestingTags() || entity.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex';
-               });
-           }
 
-           var operation = function() {
+                     l2 = token.cells.length;
 
-               if (!getSelectionText()) {
-                   event.preventDefault();
-               }
+                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
+                       row = token.cells[j];
+                       token.tokens.cells[j] = [];
 
-               var graph = context.graph();
-               var selected = groupEntities(getFilteredIdsToCopy(), graph);
-               var canCopy = [];
-               var skip = {};
-               var entity;
-               var i;
+                       for (k = 0; k < row.length; k++) {
+                         token.tokens.cells[j][k] = [];
+                         this.inlineTokens(row[k], token.tokens.cells[j][k]);
+                       }
+                     }
 
-               for (i = 0; i < selected.relation.length; i++) {
-                   entity = selected.relation[i];
-                   if (!skip[entity.id] && entity.isComplete(graph)) {
-                       canCopy.push(entity.id);
-                       skip = getDescendants(entity.id, graph, skip);
-                   }
-               }
-               for (i = 0; i < selected.way.length; i++) {
-                   entity = selected.way[i];
-                   if (!skip[entity.id]) {
-                       canCopy.push(entity.id);
-                       skip = getDescendants(entity.id, graph, skip);
+                     break;
                    }
-               }
-               for (i = 0; i < selected.node.length; i++) {
-                   entity = selected.node[i];
-                   if (!skip[entity.id]) {
-                       canCopy.push(entity.id);
+
+                 case 'blockquote':
+                   {
+                     this.inline(token.tokens);
+                     break;
                    }
-               }
 
-               context.copyIDs(canCopy);
-               if (_point &&
-                   (canCopy.length !== 1 || graph.entity(canCopy[0]).type !== 'node')) {
-                   // store the anchor coordinates if copying more than a single node
-                   context.copyLonLat(context.projection.invert(_point));
-               } else {
-                   context.copyLonLat(null);
-               }
+                 case 'list':
+                   {
+                     l2 = token.items.length;
 
-           };
+                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
+                       this.inline(token.items[j].tokens);
+                     }
 
+                     break;
+                   }
+               }
+             }
 
-           function groupEntities(ids, graph) {
-               var entities = ids.map(function (id) { return graph.entity(id); });
-               return Object.assign(
-                   { relation: [], way: [], node: [] },
-                   utilArrayGroupBy(entities, 'type')
-               );
+             return tokens;
            }
+           /**
+            * Lexing/Compiling
+            */
 
+         }, {
+           key: "inlineTokens",
+           value: function inlineTokens(src) {
+             var tokens = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : [];
+             var inLink = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : false;
+             var inRawBlock = arguments.length > 3 && arguments[3] !== undefined ? arguments[3] : false;
+             var token, lastToken; // String with links masked to avoid interference with em and strong
 
-           function getDescendants(id, graph, descendants) {
-               var entity = graph.entity(id);
-               var children;
-
-               descendants = descendants || {};
+             var maskedSrc = src;
+             var match;
+             var keepPrevChar, prevChar; // Mask out reflinks
 
-               if (entity.type === 'relation') {
-                   children = entity.members.map(function(m) { return m.id; });
-               } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                   children = entity.nodes;
-               } else {
-                   children = [];
-               }
+             if (this.tokens.links) {
+               var links = Object.keys(this.tokens.links);
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
-                   if (!descendants[children[i]]) {
-                       descendants[children[i]] = true;
-                       descendants = getDescendants(children[i], graph, descendants);
+               if (links.length > 0) {
+                 while ((match = this.tokenizer.rules.inline.reflinkSearch.exec(maskedSrc)) != null) {
+                   if (links.includes(match[0].slice(match[0].lastIndexOf('[') + 1, -1))) {
+                     maskedSrc = maskedSrc.slice(0, match.index) + '[' + repeatString('a', match[0].length - 2) + ']' + maskedSrc.slice(this.tokenizer.rules.inline.reflinkSearch.lastIndex);
                    }
+                 }
                }
+             } // Mask out other blocks
 
-               return descendants;
-           }
-
-
-           function getSelectionText() {
-               return window.getSelection().toString();
-           }
 
+             while ((match = this.tokenizer.rules.inline.blockSkip.exec(maskedSrc)) != null) {
+               maskedSrc = maskedSrc.slice(0, match.index) + '[' + repeatString('a', match[0].length - 2) + ']' + maskedSrc.slice(this.tokenizer.rules.inline.blockSkip.lastIndex);
+             } // Mask out escaped em & strong delimiters
 
-           operation.available = function() {
-               return getFilteredIdsToCopy().length > 0;
-           };
 
+             while ((match = this.tokenizer.rules.inline.escapedEmSt.exec(maskedSrc)) != null) {
+               maskedSrc = maskedSrc.slice(0, match.index) + '++' + maskedSrc.slice(this.tokenizer.rules.inline.escapedEmSt.lastIndex);
+             }
 
-           operation.disabled = function() {
-               var extent = utilTotalExtent(getFilteredIdsToCopy(), context.graph());
-               if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-                   return 'too_large';
+             while (src) {
+               if (!keepPrevChar) {
+                 prevChar = '';
                }
-               return false;
-           };
 
+               keepPrevChar = false; // escape
 
-           operation.tooltip = function() {
-               var disable = operation.disabled();
-               return disable ?
-                   _t('operations.copy.' + disable + '.' + _multi) :
-                   _t('operations.copy.description' + '.' + _multi);
-           };
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.escape(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // tag
 
 
-           operation.annotation = function() {
-               return selectedIDs.length === 1 ?
-                   _t('operations.copy.annotation.single') :
-                   _t('operations.copy.annotation.multiple', { n: selectedIDs.length.toString() });
-           };
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.tag(src, inLink, inRawBlock)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 inLink = token.inLink;
+                 inRawBlock = token.inRawBlock;
+                 var _lastToken = tokens[tokens.length - 1];
 
+                 if (_lastToken && token.type === 'text' && _lastToken.type === 'text') {
+                   _lastToken.raw += token.raw;
+                   _lastToken.text += token.text;
+                 } else {
+                   tokens.push(token);
+                 }
 
-           var _point;
-           operation.point = function(val) {
-               _point = val;
-               return operation;
-           };
+                 continue;
+               } // link
 
 
-           operation.id = 'copy';
-           operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘C')];
-           operation.title = _t('operations.copy.title');
-           operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.link(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
 
-           return operation;
-       }
+                 if (token.type === 'link') {
+                   token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], true, inRawBlock);
+                 }
 
-       function operationDisconnect(context, selectedIDs) {
-           var _vertexIDs = [];
-           var _wayIDs = [];
-           var _otherIDs = [];
-           var _actions = [];
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // reflink, nolink
 
-           selectedIDs.forEach(function(id) {
-               var entity = context.entity(id);
-               if (entity.type === 'way'){
-                   _wayIDs.push(id);
-               } else if (entity.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex') {
-                   _vertexIDs.push(id);
-               } else {
-                   _otherIDs.push(id);
-               }
-           });
 
-           var _extent, _nodes, _coords, _descriptionID = '', _annotationID = 'features';
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.reflink(src, this.tokens.links)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 var _lastToken2 = tokens[tokens.length - 1];
 
-           if (_vertexIDs.length > 0) {
-               // At the selected vertices, disconnect the selected ways, if any, else
-               // disconnect all connected ways
+                 if (token.type === 'link') {
+                   token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], true, inRawBlock);
+                   tokens.push(token);
+                 } else if (_lastToken2 && token.type === 'text' && _lastToken2.type === 'text') {
+                   _lastToken2.raw += token.raw;
+                   _lastToken2.text += token.text;
+                 } else {
+                   tokens.push(token);
+                 }
 
-               _extent = utilTotalExtent(_vertexIDs, context.graph());
+                 continue;
+               } // em & strong
 
-               _vertexIDs.forEach(function(vertexID) {
-                   var action = actionDisconnect(vertexID);
 
-                   if (_wayIDs.length > 0) {
-                       var waysIDsForVertex = _wayIDs.filter(function(wayID) {
-                           var way = context.entity(wayID);
-                           return way.nodes.indexOf(vertexID) !== -1;
-                       });
-                       action.limitWays(waysIDsForVertex);
-                   }
-                   _actions.push(action);
-               });
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.emStrong(src, maskedSrc, prevChar)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], inLink, inRawBlock);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // code
 
-               _descriptionID += _actions.length === 1 ? 'single_point.' : 'multiple_points.';
-               if (_wayIDs.length === 1) {
-                   _descriptionID += 'single_way.' + context.graph().geometry(_wayIDs[0]);
-               } else {
-                   _descriptionID += _wayIDs.length === 0 ? 'no_ways' : 'multiple_ways';
-               }
 
-           } else if (_wayIDs.length > 0) {
-               // Disconnect the selected ways from each other, if they're connected,
-               // else disconnect them from all connected ways
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.codespan(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // br
 
-               var ways = _wayIDs.map(function(id) {
-                   return context.entity(id);
-               });
-               _nodes = utilGetAllNodes(_wayIDs, context.graph());
-               _coords = _nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
-               _extent = utilTotalExtent(ways, context.graph());
-
-               // actions for connected nodes shared by at least two selected ways
-               var sharedActions = [];
-               // actions for connected nodes
-               var unsharedActions = [];
-
-               _nodes.forEach(function(node) {
-                   var action = actionDisconnect(node.id).limitWays(_wayIDs);
-                   if (action.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_connected') {
-
-                       var count = 0;
-                       for (var i in ways) {
-                           var way = ways[i];
-                           if (way.nodes.indexOf(node.id) !== -1) {
-                               count += 1;
-                           }
-                           if (count > 1) break;
-                       }
 
-                       if (count > 1) {
-                           sharedActions.push(action);
-                       } else {
-                           unsharedActions.push(action);
-                       }
-                   }
-               });
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.br(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // del (gfm)
 
-               _descriptionID += 'no_points.';
-               _descriptionID += _wayIDs.length === 1 ? 'single_way.' : 'multiple_ways.';
 
-               if (sharedActions.length) {
-                   // if any nodes are shared, only disconnect the selected ways from each other
-                   _actions = sharedActions;
-                   _descriptionID += 'conjoined';
-                   _annotationID = 'from_each_other';
-               } else {
-                   // if no nodes are shared, disconnect the selected ways from all connected ways
-                   _actions = unsharedActions;
-                   if (_wayIDs.length === 1) {
-                       _descriptionID += context.graph().geometry(_wayIDs[0]);
-                   } else {
-                       _descriptionID += 'separate';
-                   }
-               }
-           }
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.del(src)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], inLink, inRawBlock);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // autolink
 
 
-           var operation = function() {
-               context.perform(function(graph) {
-                   return _actions.reduce(function(graph, action) { return action(graph); }, graph);
-               }, operation.annotation());
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.autolink(src, mangle)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // url (gfm)
 
-               context.validator().validate();
-           };
 
+               if (!inLink && (token = this.tokenizer.url(src, mangle))) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
+                 tokens.push(token);
+                 continue;
+               } // text
 
-           operation.available = function() {
-               if (_actions.length === 0) return false;
-               if (_otherIDs.length !== 0) return false;
 
-               if (_vertexIDs.length !== 0 && _wayIDs.length !== 0 && !_wayIDs.every(function(wayID) {
-                   return _vertexIDs.some(function(vertexID) {
-                       var way = context.entity(wayID);
-                       return way.nodes.indexOf(vertexID) !== -1;
-                   });
-               })) return false;
+               if (token = this.tokenizer.inlineText(src, inRawBlock, smartypants)) {
+                 src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
 
-               return true;
-           };
+                 if (token.raw.slice(-1) !== '_') {
+                   // Track prevChar before string of ____ started
+                   prevChar = token.raw.slice(-1);
+                 }
 
+                 keepPrevChar = true;
+                 lastToken = tokens[tokens.length - 1];
 
-           operation.disabled = function() {
-               var reason;
-               for (var actionIndex in _actions) {
-                   reason = _actions[actionIndex].disabled(context.graph());
-                   if (reason) return reason;
-               }
+                 if (lastToken && lastToken.type === 'text') {
+                   lastToken.raw += token.raw;
+                   lastToken.text += token.text;
+                 } else {
+                   tokens.push(token);
+                 }
 
-               if (_extent && _extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-                   return 'too_large.' + ((_vertexIDs.length ? _vertexIDs : _wayIDs).length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple');
-               } else if (_coords && someMissing()) {
-                   return 'not_downloaded';
-               } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-                   return 'connected_to_hidden';
+                 continue;
                }
 
-               return false;
-
+               if (src) {
+                 var errMsg = 'Infinite loop on byte: ' + src.charCodeAt(0);
 
-               function someMissing() {
-                   if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-                   var osm = context.connection();
-                   if (osm) {
-                       var missing = _coords.filter(function(loc) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc); });
-                       if (missing.length) {
-                           missing.forEach(function(loc) { context.loadTileAtLoc(loc); });
-                           return true;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   return false;
+                 if (this.options.silent) {
+                   console.error(errMsg);
+                   break;
+                 } else {
+                   throw new Error(errMsg);
+                 }
                }
-           };
-
+             }
 
-           operation.tooltip = function() {
-               var disable = operation.disabled();
-               if (disable) {
-                   return _t('operations.disconnect.' + disable);
-               }
-               return _t('operations.disconnect.description.' + _descriptionID);
-           };
+             return tokens;
+           }
+         }], [{
+           key: "rules",
+           get: function get() {
+             return {
+               block: block,
+               inline: inline
+             };
+           }
+           /**
+            * Static Lex Method
+            */
 
+         }, {
+           key: "lex",
+           value: function lex(src, options) {
+             var lexer = new Lexer(options);
+             return lexer.lex(src);
+           }
+           /**
+            * Static Lex Inline Method
+            */
 
-           operation.annotation = function() {
-               return _t('operations.disconnect.annotation.' + _annotationID);
-           };
+         }, {
+           key: "lexInline",
+           value: function lexInline(src, options) {
+             var lexer = new Lexer(options);
+             return lexer.inlineTokens(src);
+           }
+         }]);
 
+         return Lexer;
+       }();
 
-           operation.id = 'disconnect';
-           operation.keys = [_t('operations.disconnect.key')];
-           operation.title = _t('operations.disconnect.title');
-           operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+       var defaults$2 = defaults$5.exports.defaults;
+       var cleanUrl = helpers.cleanUrl,
+           escape$2 = helpers.escape;
+       /**
+        * Renderer
+        */
 
-           return operation;
-       }
+       var Renderer_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function Renderer(options) {
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, Renderer);
 
-       function operationDowngrade(context, selectedIDs) {
-           var affectedFeatureCount = 0;
-           var downgradeType;
+           this.options = options || defaults$2;
+         }
 
-           setDowngradeTypeForEntityIDs();
+         _createClass$1(Renderer, [{
+           key: "code",
+           value: function code(_code, infostring, escaped) {
+             var lang = (infostring || '').match(/\S*/)[0];
 
-           var multi = affectedFeatureCount === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+             if (this.options.highlight) {
+               var out = this.options.highlight(_code, lang);
 
-           function setDowngradeTypeForEntityIDs() {
-               for (var i in selectedIDs) {
-                   var entityID = selectedIDs[i];
-                   var type = downgradeTypeForEntityID(entityID);
-                   if (type) {
-                       affectedFeatureCount += 1;
-                       if (downgradeType && type !== downgradeType) {
-                           downgradeType = 'building_address';
-                       } else {
-                           downgradeType = type;
-                       }
-                   }
+               if (out != null && out !== _code) {
+                 escaped = true;
+                 _code = out;
                }
-           }
-
-           function downgradeTypeForEntityID(entityID) {
-               var graph = context.graph();
-               var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
-               var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+             }
 
-               if (!preset || preset.isFallback()) return null;
+             _code = _code.replace(/\n$/, '') + '\n';
 
-               if (entity.type === 'node' &&
-                   preset.id !== 'address' &&
-                   Object.keys(entity.tags).some(function(key) {
-                       return key.match(/^addr:.{1,}/);
-                   })) {
+             if (!lang) {
+               return '<pre><code>' + (escaped ? _code : escape$2(_code, true)) + '</code></pre>\n';
+             }
 
-                   return 'address';
-               }
-               if (entity.geometry(graph) === 'area' &&
-                   entity.tags.building &&
-                   !preset.tags.building) {
+             return '<pre><code class="' + this.options.langPrefix + escape$2(lang, true) + '">' + (escaped ? _code : escape$2(_code, true)) + '</code></pre>\n';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "blockquote",
+           value: function blockquote(quote) {
+             return '<blockquote>\n' + quote + '</blockquote>\n';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "html",
+           value: function html(_html) {
+             return _html;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "heading",
+           value: function heading(text, level, raw, slugger) {
+             if (this.options.headerIds) {
+               return '<h' + level + ' id="' + this.options.headerPrefix + slugger.slug(raw) + '">' + text + '</h' + level + '>\n';
+             } // ignore IDs
 
-                   return 'building';
-               }
 
-               return null;
+             return '<h' + level + '>' + text + '</h' + level + '>\n';
            }
+         }, {
+           key: "hr",
+           value: function hr() {
+             return this.options.xhtml ? '<hr/>\n' : '<hr>\n';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "list",
+           value: function list(body, ordered, start) {
+             var type = ordered ? 'ol' : 'ul',
+                 startatt = ordered && start !== 1 ? ' start="' + start + '"' : '';
+             return '<' + type + startatt + '>\n' + body + '</' + type + '>\n';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "listitem",
+           value: function listitem(text) {
+             return '<li>' + text + '</li>\n';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "checkbox",
+           value: function checkbox(checked) {
+             return '<input ' + (checked ? 'checked="" ' : '') + 'disabled="" type="checkbox"' + (this.options.xhtml ? ' /' : '') + '> ';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "paragraph",
+           value: function paragraph(text) {
+             return '<p>' + text + '</p>\n';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "table",
+           value: function table(header, body) {
+             if (body) body = '<tbody>' + body + '</tbody>';
+             return '<table>\n' + '<thead>\n' + header + '</thead>\n' + body + '</table>\n';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "tablerow",
+           value: function tablerow(content) {
+             return '<tr>\n' + content + '</tr>\n';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "tablecell",
+           value: function tablecell(content, flags) {
+             var type = flags.header ? 'th' : 'td';
+             var tag = flags.align ? '<' + type + ' align="' + flags.align + '">' : '<' + type + '>';
+             return tag + content + '</' + type + '>\n';
+           } // span level renderer
 
-           var buildingKeysToKeep = ['architect', 'building', 'height', 'layer', 'source', 'type', 'wheelchair'];
-           var addressKeysToKeep = ['source'];
-
-           var operation = function () {
-               context.perform(function(graph) {
+         }, {
+           key: "strong",
+           value: function strong(text) {
+             return '<strong>' + text + '</strong>';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "em",
+           value: function em(text) {
+             return '<em>' + text + '</em>';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "codespan",
+           value: function codespan(text) {
+             return '<code>' + text + '</code>';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "br",
+           value: function br() {
+             return this.options.xhtml ? '<br/>' : '<br>';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "del",
+           value: function del(text) {
+             return '<del>' + text + '</del>';
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "link",
+           value: function link(href, title, text) {
+             href = cleanUrl(this.options.sanitize, this.options.baseUrl, href);
 
-                   for (var i in selectedIDs) {
-                       var entityID = selectedIDs[i];
-                       var type = downgradeTypeForEntityID(entityID);
-                       if (!type) continue;
+             if (href === null) {
+               return text;
+             }
 
-                       var tags = Object.assign({}, graph.entity(entityID).tags);  // shallow copy
-                       for (var key in tags) {
-                           if (type === 'address' && addressKeysToKeep.indexOf(key) !== -1) continue;
-                           if (type === 'building') {
-                               if (buildingKeysToKeep.indexOf(key) !== -1 ||
-                                   key.match(/^building:.{1,}/) ||
-                                   key.match(/^roof:.{1,}/)) continue;
-                           }
-                           // keep address tags for buildings too
-                           if (key.match(/^addr:.{1,}/)) continue;
+             var out = '<a href="' + escape$2(href) + '"';
 
-                           delete tags[key];
-                       }
-                       graph = actionChangeTags(entityID, tags)(graph);
-                   }
-                   return graph;
-               }, operation.annotation());
+             if (title) {
+               out += ' title="' + title + '"';
+             }
 
-               context.validator().validate();
+             out += '>' + text + '</a>';
+             return out;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "image",
+           value: function image(href, title, text) {
+             href = cleanUrl(this.options.sanitize, this.options.baseUrl, href);
 
-               // refresh the select mode to enable the delete operation
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, selectedIDs));
-           };
+             if (href === null) {
+               return text;
+             }
 
+             var out = '<img src="' + href + '" alt="' + text + '"';
 
-           operation.available = function () {
-               return downgradeType;
-           };
+             if (title) {
+               out += ' title="' + title + '"';
+             }
 
+             out += this.options.xhtml ? '/>' : '>';
+             return out;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "text",
+           value: function text(_text) {
+             return _text;
+           }
+         }]);
 
-           operation.disabled = function () {
-               if (selectedIDs.some(hasWikidataTag)) {
-                   return 'has_wikidata_tag';
-               }
-               return false;
+         return Renderer;
+       }();
 
-               function hasWikidataTag(id) {
-                   var entity = context.entity(id);
-                   return entity.tags.wikidata && entity.tags.wikidata.trim().length > 0;
-               }
-           };
+       var TextRenderer_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function TextRenderer() {
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, TextRenderer);
+         }
 
+         _createClass$1(TextRenderer, [{
+           key: "strong",
+           value: // no need for block level renderers
+           function strong(text) {
+             return text;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "em",
+           value: function em(text) {
+             return text;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "codespan",
+           value: function codespan(text) {
+             return text;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "del",
+           value: function del(text) {
+             return text;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "html",
+           value: function html(text) {
+             return text;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "text",
+           value: function text(_text) {
+             return _text;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "link",
+           value: function link(href, title, text) {
+             return '' + text;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "image",
+           value: function image(href, title, text) {
+             return '' + text;
+           }
+         }, {
+           key: "br",
+           value: function br() {
+             return '';
+           }
+         }]);
 
-           operation.tooltip = function () {
-               var disable = operation.disabled();
-               return disable ?
-                   _t('operations.downgrade.' + disable + '.' + multi) :
-                   _t('operations.downgrade.description.' + downgradeType);
-           };
+         return TextRenderer;
+       }();
 
+       var Slugger_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function Slugger() {
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, Slugger);
 
-           operation.annotation = function () {
-               var suffix;
-               if (downgradeType === 'building_address') {
-                   suffix = 'multiple';
-               } else {
-                   suffix = downgradeType + '.' + multi;
-               }
-               return _t('operations.downgrade.annotation.' + suffix, { n: affectedFeatureCount});
-           };
+           this.seen = {};
+         }
 
+         _createClass$1(Slugger, [{
+           key: "serialize",
+           value: function serialize(value) {
+             return value.toLowerCase().trim() // remove html tags
+             .replace(/<[!\/a-z].*?>/ig, '') // remove unwanted chars
+             .replace(/[\u2000-\u206F\u2E00-\u2E7F\\'!"#$%&()*+,./:;<=>?@[\]^`{|}~]/g, '').replace(/\s/g, '-');
+           }
+           /**
+            * Finds the next safe (unique) slug to use
+            */
 
-           operation.id = 'downgrade';
-           operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘⌫'), uiCmd('⌘⌦'), uiCmd('⌦')];
-           operation.title = _t('operations.downgrade.title');
-           operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         }, {
+           key: "getNextSafeSlug",
+           value: function getNextSafeSlug(originalSlug, isDryRun) {
+             var slug = originalSlug;
+             var occurenceAccumulator = 0;
 
+             if (this.seen.hasOwnProperty(slug)) {
+               occurenceAccumulator = this.seen[originalSlug];
 
-           return operation;
-       }
+               do {
+                 occurenceAccumulator++;
+                 slug = originalSlug + '-' + occurenceAccumulator;
+               } while (this.seen.hasOwnProperty(slug));
+             }
 
-       function operationExtract(context, selectedIDs) {
+             if (!isDryRun) {
+               this.seen[originalSlug] = occurenceAccumulator;
+               this.seen[slug] = 0;
+             }
 
-           var _amount = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
-           var _geometries = utilArrayUniq(selectedIDs.map(function(entityID) {
-               return context.graph().hasEntity(entityID) && context.graph().geometry(entityID);
-           }).filter(Boolean));
-           var _geometryID = _geometries.length === 1 ? _geometries[0] : 'feature';
+             return slug;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Convert string to unique id
+            * @param {object} options
+            * @param {boolean} options.dryrun Generates the next unique slug without updating the internal accumulator.
+            */
 
-           var _extent;
-           var _actions = selectedIDs.map(function(entityID) {
-               var graph = context.graph();
-               var entity = graph.hasEntity(entityID);
-               if (!entity || !entity.hasInterestingTags()) return;
+         }, {
+           key: "slug",
+           value: function slug(value) {
+             var options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {};
+             var slug = this.serialize(value);
+             return this.getNextSafeSlug(slug, options.dryrun);
+           }
+         }]);
+
+         return Slugger;
+       }();
+
+       var Renderer$1 = Renderer_1;
+       var TextRenderer$1 = TextRenderer_1;
+       var Slugger$1 = Slugger_1;
+       var defaults$1 = defaults$5.exports.defaults;
+       var unescape$1 = helpers.unescape;
+       /**
+        * Parsing & Compiling
+        */
 
-               if (entity.type === 'node' && graph.parentWays(entity).length === 0) return;
+       var Parser_1 = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         function Parser(options) {
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, Parser);
 
-               if (entity.type !== 'node') {
-                   var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
-                   // only allow extraction from ways/relations if the preset supports points
-                   if (preset.geometry.indexOf('point') === -1) return;
-               }
+           this.options = options || defaults$1;
+           this.options.renderer = this.options.renderer || new Renderer$1();
+           this.renderer = this.options.renderer;
+           this.renderer.options = this.options;
+           this.textRenderer = new TextRenderer$1();
+           this.slugger = new Slugger$1();
+         }
+         /**
+          * Static Parse Method
+          */
 
-               _extent = _extent ? _extent.extend(entity.extent(graph)) : entity.extent(graph);
 
-               return actionExtract(entityID);
-           }).filter(Boolean);
+         _createClass$1(Parser, [{
+           key: "parse",
+           value:
+           /**
+            * Parse Loop
+            */
+           function parse(tokens) {
+             var top = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : true;
+             var out = '',
+                 i,
+                 j,
+                 k,
+                 l2,
+                 l3,
+                 row,
+                 cell,
+                 header,
+                 body,
+                 token,
+                 ordered,
+                 start,
+                 loose,
+                 itemBody,
+                 item,
+                 checked,
+                 task,
+                 checkbox;
+             var l = tokens.length;
+
+             for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+               token = tokens[i];
+
+               switch (token.type) {
+                 case 'space':
+                   {
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
+                 case 'hr':
+                   {
+                     out += this.renderer.hr();
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-           var operation = function () {
-               var combinedAction = function(graph) {
-                   _actions.forEach(function(action) {
-                       graph = action(graph);
-                   });
-                   return graph;
-               };
-               context.perform(combinedAction, operation.annotation());  // do the extract
+                 case 'heading':
+                   {
+                     out += this.renderer.heading(this.parseInline(token.tokens), token.depth, unescape$1(this.parseInline(token.tokens, this.textRenderer)), this.slugger);
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-               var extractedNodeIDs = _actions.map(function(action) {
-                   return action.getExtractedNodeID();
-               });
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, extractedNodeIDs));
-           };
+                 case 'code':
+                   {
+                     out += this.renderer.code(token.text, token.lang, token.escaped);
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
+                 case 'table':
+                   {
+                     header = ''; // header
 
-           operation.available = function () {
-               return _actions.length && selectedIDs.length === _actions.length;
-           };
+                     cell = '';
+                     l2 = token.header.length;
 
+                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
+                       cell += this.renderer.tablecell(this.parseInline(token.tokens.header[j]), {
+                         header: true,
+                         align: token.align[j]
+                       });
+                     }
 
-           operation.disabled = function () {
+                     header += this.renderer.tablerow(cell);
+                     body = '';
+                     l2 = token.cells.length;
 
-               if (_extent && _extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-                   return 'too_large';
-               } else if (selectedIDs.some(function(entityID) {
-                   return context.graph().geometry(entityID) === 'vertex' && context.hasHiddenConnections(entityID);
-               })) {
-                   return 'connected_to_hidden';
-               }
+                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
+                       row = token.tokens.cells[j];
+                       cell = '';
+                       l3 = row.length;
 
-               return false;
-           };
+                       for (k = 0; k < l3; k++) {
+                         cell += this.renderer.tablecell(this.parseInline(row[k]), {
+                           header: false,
+                           align: token.align[k]
+                         });
+                       }
 
+                       body += this.renderer.tablerow(cell);
+                     }
 
-           operation.tooltip = function () {
-               var disableReason = operation.disabled();
-               if (disableReason) {
-                   return _t('operations.extract.' + disableReason + '.' + _amount);
-               } else {
-                   return _t('operations.extract.description.' + _geometryID + '.' + _amount);
-               }
-           };
+                     out += this.renderer.table(header, body);
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
+                 case 'blockquote':
+                   {
+                     body = this.parse(token.tokens);
+                     out += this.renderer.blockquote(body);
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-           operation.annotation = function () {
-               return _t('operations.extract.annotation.' + _amount, { n: selectedIDs.length });
-           };
+                 case 'list':
+                   {
+                     ordered = token.ordered;
+                     start = token.start;
+                     loose = token.loose;
+                     l2 = token.items.length;
+                     body = '';
+
+                     for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
+                       item = token.items[j];
+                       checked = item.checked;
+                       task = item.task;
+                       itemBody = '';
+
+                       if (item.task) {
+                         checkbox = this.renderer.checkbox(checked);
+
+                         if (loose) {
+                           if (item.tokens.length > 0 && item.tokens[0].type === 'text') {
+                             item.tokens[0].text = checkbox + ' ' + item.tokens[0].text;
+
+                             if (item.tokens[0].tokens && item.tokens[0].tokens.length > 0 && item.tokens[0].tokens[0].type === 'text') {
+                               item.tokens[0].tokens[0].text = checkbox + ' ' + item.tokens[0].tokens[0].text;
+                             }
+                           } else {
+                             item.tokens.unshift({
+                               type: 'text',
+                               text: checkbox
+                             });
+                           }
+                         } else {
+                           itemBody += checkbox;
+                         }
+                       }
 
+                       itemBody += this.parse(item.tokens, loose);
+                       body += this.renderer.listitem(itemBody, task, checked);
+                     }
 
-           operation.id = 'extract';
-           operation.keys = [_t('operations.extract.key')];
-           operation.title = _t('operations.extract.title');
-           operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+                     out += this.renderer.list(body, ordered, start);
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
+                 case 'html':
+                   {
+                     // TODO parse inline content if parameter markdown=1
+                     out += this.renderer.html(token.text);
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-           return operation;
-       }
+                 case 'paragraph':
+                   {
+                     out += this.renderer.paragraph(this.parseInline(token.tokens));
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-       function operationMerge(context, selectedIDs) {
+                 case 'text':
+                   {
+                     body = token.tokens ? this.parseInline(token.tokens) : token.text;
 
-           var _action = getAction();
+                     while (i + 1 < l && tokens[i + 1].type === 'text') {
+                       token = tokens[++i];
+                       body += '\n' + (token.tokens ? this.parseInline(token.tokens) : token.text);
+                     }
 
-           function getAction() {
-               // prefer a non-disabled action first
-               var join = actionJoin(selectedIDs);
-               if (!join.disabled(context.graph())) return join;
+                     out += top ? this.renderer.paragraph(body) : body;
+                     continue;
+                   }
 
-               var merge = actionMerge(selectedIDs);
-               if (!merge.disabled(context.graph())) return merge;
+                 default:
+                   {
+                     var errMsg = 'Token with "' + token.type + '" type was not found.';
 
-               var mergePolygon = actionMergePolygon(selectedIDs);
-               if (!mergePolygon.disabled(context.graph())) return mergePolygon;
+                     if (this.options.silent) {
+                       console.error(errMsg);
+                       return;
+                     } else {
+                       throw new Error(errMsg);
+                     }
+                   }
+               }
+             }
 
-               var mergeNodes = actionMergeNodes(selectedIDs);
-               if (!mergeNodes.disabled(context.graph())) return mergeNodes;
+             return out;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Parse Inline Tokens
+            */
 
-               // otherwise prefer an action with an interesting disabled reason
-               if (join.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_eligible') return join;
-               if (merge.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_eligible') return merge;
-               if (mergePolygon.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_eligible') return mergePolygon;
+         }, {
+           key: "parseInline",
+           value: function parseInline(tokens, renderer) {
+             renderer = renderer || this.renderer;
+             var out = '',
+                 i,
+                 token;
+             var l = tokens.length;
+
+             for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+               token = tokens[i];
+
+               switch (token.type) {
+                 case 'escape':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.text(token.text);
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-               return mergeNodes;
-           }
+                 case 'html':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.html(token.text);
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-           var operation = function() {
+                 case 'link':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.link(token.href, token.title, this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-               if (operation.disabled()) return;
+                 case 'image':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.image(token.href, token.title, token.text);
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-               context.perform(_action, operation.annotation());
+                 case 'strong':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.strong(this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-               context.validator().validate();
+                 case 'em':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.em(this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-               var resultIDs = selectedIDs.filter(context.hasEntity);
-               if (resultIDs.length > 1) {
-                   var interestingIDs = resultIDs.filter(function(id) {
-                       return context.entity(id).hasInterestingTags();
-                   });
-                   if (interestingIDs.length) resultIDs = interestingIDs;
-               }
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, resultIDs));
-           };
+                 case 'codespan':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.codespan(token.text);
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-           operation.available = function() {
-               return selectedIDs.length >= 2;
-           };
+                 case 'br':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.br();
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-           operation.disabled = function() {
-               var actionDisabled = _action.disabled(context.graph());
-               if (actionDisabled) return actionDisabled;
+                 case 'del':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.del(this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-               var osm = context.connection();
-               if (osm &&
-                   _action.resultingWayNodesLength &&
-                   _action.resultingWayNodesLength(context.graph()) > osm.maxWayNodes()) {
-                   return 'too_many_vertices';
-               }
+                 case 'text':
+                   {
+                     out += renderer.text(token.text);
+                     break;
+                   }
 
-               return false;
-           };
+                 default:
+                   {
+                     var errMsg = 'Token with "' + token.type + '" type was not found.';
 
-           operation.tooltip = function() {
-               var disabled = operation.disabled();
-               if (disabled) {
-                   if (disabled === 'restriction') {
-                       return _t('operations.merge.restriction',
-                           { relation: _mainPresetIndex.item('type/restriction').name() });
+                     if (this.options.silent) {
+                       console.error(errMsg);
+                       return;
+                     } else {
+                       throw new Error(errMsg);
+                     }
                    }
-                   return _t('operations.merge.' + disabled);
                }
-               return _t('operations.merge.description');
-           };
+             }
 
-           operation.annotation = function() {
-               return _t('operations.merge.annotation', { n: selectedIDs.length });
-           };
+             return out;
+           }
+         }], [{
+           key: "parse",
+           value: function parse(tokens, options) {
+             var parser = new Parser(options);
+             return parser.parse(tokens);
+           }
+           /**
+            * Static Parse Inline Method
+            */
 
-           operation.id = 'merge';
-           operation.keys = [_t('operations.merge.key')];
-           operation.title = _t('operations.merge.title');
-           operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         }, {
+           key: "parseInline",
+           value: function parseInline(tokens, options) {
+             var parser = new Parser(options);
+             return parser.parseInline(tokens);
+           }
+         }]);
+
+         return Parser;
+       }();
+
+       var Lexer = Lexer_1;
+       var Parser = Parser_1;
+       var Tokenizer = Tokenizer_1;
+       var Renderer = Renderer_1;
+       var TextRenderer = TextRenderer_1;
+       var Slugger = Slugger_1;
+       var merge = helpers.merge,
+           checkSanitizeDeprecation = helpers.checkSanitizeDeprecation,
+           escape$1 = helpers.escape;
+       var getDefaults = defaults$5.exports.getDefaults,
+           changeDefaults = defaults$5.exports.changeDefaults,
+           defaults = defaults$5.exports.defaults;
+       /**
+        * Marked
+        */
 
-           return operation;
-       }
+       function marked(src, opt, callback) {
+         // throw error in case of non string input
+         if (typeof src === 'undefined' || src === null) {
+           throw new Error('marked(): input parameter is undefined or null');
+         }
 
-       // see also `behaviorPaste`
-       function operationPaste(context) {
+         if (typeof src !== 'string') {
+           throw new Error('marked(): input parameter is of type ' + Object.prototype.toString.call(src) + ', string expected');
+         }
 
-           var _pastePoint;
+         if (typeof opt === 'function') {
+           callback = opt;
+           opt = null;
+         }
 
-           var operation = function() {
+         opt = merge({}, marked.defaults, opt || {});
+         checkSanitizeDeprecation(opt);
 
-               if (!_pastePoint) return;
+         if (callback) {
+           var highlight = opt.highlight;
+           var tokens;
 
-               var oldIDs = context.copyIDs();
-               if (!oldIDs.length) return;
+           try {
+             tokens = Lexer.lex(src, opt);
+           } catch (e) {
+             return callback(e);
+           }
 
-               var projection = context.projection;
-               var extent = geoExtent();
-               var oldGraph = context.copyGraph();
-               var newIDs = [];
+           var done = function done(err) {
+             var out;
 
-               var action = actionCopyEntities(oldIDs, oldGraph);
-               context.perform(action);
+             if (!err) {
+               try {
+                 if (opt.walkTokens) {
+                   marked.walkTokens(tokens, opt.walkTokens);
+                 }
 
-               var copies = action.copies();
-               var originals = new Set();
-               Object.values(copies).forEach(function(entity) { originals.add(entity.id); });
+                 out = Parser.parse(tokens, opt);
+               } catch (e) {
+                 err = e;
+               }
+             }
 
-               for (var id in copies) {
-                   var oldEntity = oldGraph.entity(id);
-                   var newEntity = copies[id];
+             opt.highlight = highlight;
+             return err ? callback(err) : callback(null, out);
+           };
 
-                   extent._extend(oldEntity.extent(oldGraph));
+           if (!highlight || highlight.length < 3) {
+             return done();
+           }
 
-                   // Exclude child nodes from newIDs if their parent way was also copied.
-                   var parents = context.graph().parentWays(newEntity);
-                   var parentCopied = parents.some(function(parent) {
-                       return originals.has(parent.id);
-                   });
+           delete opt.highlight;
+           if (!tokens.length) return done();
+           var pending = 0;
+           marked.walkTokens(tokens, function (token) {
+             if (token.type === 'code') {
+               pending++;
+               setTimeout(function () {
+                 highlight(token.text, token.lang, function (err, code) {
+                   if (err) {
+                     return done(err);
+                   }
 
-                   if (!parentCopied) {
-                       newIDs.push(newEntity.id);
+                   if (code != null && code !== token.text) {
+                     token.text = code;
+                     token.escaped = true;
                    }
-               }
 
-               // Use the location of the copy operation to offset the paste location,
-               // or else use the center of the pasted extent
-               var copyPoint = (context.copyLonLat() && projection(context.copyLonLat())) ||
-                   projection(extent.center());
-               var delta = geoVecSubtract(_pastePoint, copyPoint);
+                   pending--;
 
-               // Move the pasted objects to be anchored at the paste location
-               context.replace(actionMove(newIDs, delta, projection), operation.annotation());
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, newIDs));
-           };
+                   if (pending === 0) {
+                     done();
+                   }
+                 });
+               }, 0);
+             }
+           });
 
-           operation.point = function(val) {
-               _pastePoint = val;
-               return operation;
-           };
+           if (pending === 0) {
+             done();
+           }
 
-           operation.available = function() {
-               return context.mode().id === 'browse';
-           };
+           return;
+         }
 
-           operation.disabled = function() {
-               return !context.copyIDs().length;
-           };
+         try {
+           var _tokens = Lexer.lex(src, opt);
 
-           operation.tooltip = function() {
-               var oldGraph = context.copyGraph();
-               var ids = context.copyIDs();
-               if (!ids.length) {
-                   return _t('operations.paste.nothing_copied');
-               }
-               return ids.length === 1 ?
-                   _t('operations.paste.description.single', { feature: utilDisplayLabel(oldGraph.entity(ids[0]), oldGraph) }) :
-                   _t('operations.paste.description.multiple', { n: ids.length.toString() });
-           };
+           if (opt.walkTokens) {
+             marked.walkTokens(_tokens, opt.walkTokens);
+           }
 
-           operation.annotation = function() {
-               var ids = context.copyIDs();
-               return ids.length === 1 ?
-                   _t('operations.paste.annotation.single') :
-                   _t('operations.paste.annotation.multiple', { n: ids.length.toString() });
-           };
+           return Parser.parse(_tokens, opt);
+         } catch (e) {
+           e.message += '\nPlease report this to https://github.com/markedjs/marked.';
 
-           operation.id = 'paste';
-           operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘V')];
-           operation.title = _t('operations.paste.title');
+           if (opt.silent) {
+             return '<p>An error occurred:</p><pre>' + escape$1(e.message + '', true) + '</pre>';
+           }
 
-           return operation;
+           throw e;
+         }
        }
+       /**
+        * Options
+        */
 
-       function operationReverse(context, selectedIDs) {
-
-           var operation = function() {
-               context.perform(function combinedReverseAction(graph) {
-                   actions().forEach(function(action) {
-                       graph = action(graph);
-                   });
-                   return graph;
-               }, operation.annotation());
-               context.validator().validate();
-           };
-
-           function actions(situation) {
-               return selectedIDs.map(function(entityID) {
-                   var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
-                   if (!entity) return;
 
-                   if (situation === 'toolbar') {
-                       if (entity.type === 'way' &&
-                           (!entity.isOneWay() && !entity.isSided())) return;
-                   }
+       marked.options = marked.setOptions = function (opt) {
+         merge(marked.defaults, opt);
+         changeDefaults(marked.defaults);
+         return marked;
+       };
 
-                   var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
-                   if (entity.type !== 'node' && geometry !== 'line') return;
+       marked.getDefaults = getDefaults;
+       marked.defaults = defaults;
+       /**
+        * Use Extension
+        */
 
-                   var action = actionReverse(entityID);
-                   if (action.disabled(context.graph())) return;
+       marked.use = function (extension) {
+         var opts = merge({}, extension);
 
-                   return action;
-               }).filter(Boolean);
-           }
+         if (extension.renderer) {
+           (function () {
+             var renderer = marked.defaults.renderer || new Renderer();
 
-           function reverseTypeID() {
-               var acts = actions();
-               var nodeActionCount = acts.filter(function(act) {
-                   var entity = context.hasEntity(act.entityID());
-                   return entity && entity.type === 'node';
-               }).length;
-               var typeID = nodeActionCount === 0 ? 'line' : (nodeActionCount === acts.length ? 'point' : 'features');
-               if (typeID !== 'features' && acts.length > 1) typeID += 's';
-               return typeID;
-           }
+             var _loop = function _loop(prop) {
+               var prevRenderer = renderer[prop];
 
+               renderer[prop] = function () {
+                 for (var _len = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len), _key = 0; _key < _len; _key++) {
+                   args[_key] = arguments[_key];
+                 }
 
-           operation.available = function(situation) {
-               return actions(situation).length > 0;
-           };
+                 var ret = extension.renderer[prop].apply(renderer, args);
 
+                 if (ret === false) {
+                   ret = prevRenderer.apply(renderer, args);
+                 }
 
-           operation.disabled = function() {
-               return false;
-           };
+                 return ret;
+               };
+             };
 
+             for (var prop in extension.renderer) {
+               _loop(prop);
+             }
 
-           operation.tooltip = function() {
-               return _t('operations.reverse.description.' + reverseTypeID());
-           };
+             opts.renderer = renderer;
+           })();
+         }
 
+         if (extension.tokenizer) {
+           (function () {
+             var tokenizer = marked.defaults.tokenizer || new Tokenizer();
 
-           operation.annotation = function() {
-               return _t('operations.reverse.annotation.' + reverseTypeID());
-           };
+             var _loop2 = function _loop2(prop) {
+               var prevTokenizer = tokenizer[prop];
 
+               tokenizer[prop] = function () {
+                 for (var _len2 = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len2), _key2 = 0; _key2 < _len2; _key2++) {
+                   args[_key2] = arguments[_key2];
+                 }
 
-           operation.id = 'reverse';
-           operation.keys = [_t('operations.reverse.key')];
-           operation.title = _t('operations.reverse.title');
-           operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+                 var ret = extension.tokenizer[prop].apply(tokenizer, args);
 
-           return operation;
-       }
+                 if (ret === false) {
+                   ret = prevTokenizer.apply(tokenizer, args);
+                 }
 
-       function operationSplit(context, selectedIDs) {
-           var vertices = selectedIDs
-               .filter(function(id) { return context.graph().geometry(id) === 'vertex'; });
-           var entityID = vertices[0];
-           var action = actionSplit(entityID);
-           var ways = [];
+                 return ret;
+               };
+             };
 
-           if (vertices.length === 1) {
-               if (entityID && selectedIDs.length > 1) {
-                   var ids = selectedIDs.filter(function(id) { return id !== entityID; });
-                   action.limitWays(ids);
-               }
-               ways = action.ways(context.graph());
-           }
+             for (var prop in extension.tokenizer) {
+               _loop2(prop);
+             }
 
+             opts.tokenizer = tokenizer;
+           })();
+         }
 
-           var operation = function() {
-               var difference = context.perform(action, operation.annotation());
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, difference.extantIDs()));
-           };
+         if (extension.walkTokens) {
+           var walkTokens = marked.defaults.walkTokens;
 
+           opts.walkTokens = function (token) {
+             extension.walkTokens(token);
 
-           operation.available = function() {
-               return vertices.length === 1;
+             if (walkTokens) {
+               walkTokens(token);
+             }
            };
+         }
 
+         marked.setOptions(opts);
+       };
+       /**
+        * Run callback for every token
+        */
 
-           operation.disabled = function() {
-               var reason = action.disabled(context.graph());
-               if (reason) {
-                   return reason;
-               } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-                   return 'connected_to_hidden';
-               }
-
-               return false;
-           };
 
+       marked.walkTokens = function (tokens, callback) {
+         var _iterator = _createForOfIteratorHelper(tokens),
+             _step;
 
-           operation.tooltip = function() {
-               var disable = operation.disabled();
-               if (disable) {
-                   return _t('operations.split.' + disable);
-               } else if (ways.length === 1) {
-                   return _t('operations.split.description.' + context.graph().geometry(ways[0].id));
-               } else {
-                   return _t('operations.split.description.multiple');
-               }
-           };
+         try {
+           for (_iterator.s(); !(_step = _iterator.n()).done;) {
+             var token = _step.value;
+             callback(token);
 
+             switch (token.type) {
+               case 'table':
+                 {
+                   var _iterator2 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(token.tokens.header),
+                       _step2;
 
-           operation.annotation = function() {
-               return ways.length === 1 ?
-                   _t('operations.split.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(ways[0].id)) :
-                   _t('operations.split.annotation.multiple', { n: ways.length });
-           };
+                   try {
+                     for (_iterator2.s(); !(_step2 = _iterator2.n()).done;) {
+                       var cell = _step2.value;
+                       marked.walkTokens(cell, callback);
+                     }
+                   } catch (err) {
+                     _iterator2.e(err);
+                   } finally {
+                     _iterator2.f();
+                   }
 
+                   var _iterator3 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(token.tokens.cells),
+                       _step3;
 
-           operation.id = 'split';
-           operation.keys = [_t('operations.split.key')];
-           operation.title = _t('operations.split.title');
-           operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+                   try {
+                     for (_iterator3.s(); !(_step3 = _iterator3.n()).done;) {
+                       var row = _step3.value;
 
-           return operation;
-       }
+                       var _iterator4 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(row),
+                           _step4;
 
-       function operationStraighten(context, selectedIDs) {
-           var _wayIDs = selectedIDs.filter(function(id) { return id.charAt(0) === 'w'; });
-           var _nodeIDs = selectedIDs.filter(function(id) { return id.charAt(0) === 'n'; });
-           var _amount = ((_wayIDs.length ? _wayIDs : _nodeIDs).length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple');
-
-           var _nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
-           var _coords = _nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
-           var _extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
-           var _action = chooseAction();
-           var _geometry;
-
-
-           function chooseAction() {
-               // straighten selected nodes
-               if (_wayIDs.length === 0 && _nodeIDs.length > 2) {
-                   _geometry = 'points';
-                   return actionStraightenNodes(_nodeIDs, context.projection);
-
-               // straighten selected ways (possibly between range of 2 selected nodes)
-               } else if (_wayIDs.length > 0 && (_nodeIDs.length === 0 || _nodeIDs.length === 2)) {
-                   var startNodeIDs = [];
-                   var endNodeIDs = [];
-
-                   for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
-                       var entity = context.entity(selectedIDs[i]);
-                       if (entity.type === 'node') {
-                           continue;
-                       } else if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.isClosed()) {
-                           return null;  // exit early, can't straighten these
+                       try {
+                         for (_iterator4.s(); !(_step4 = _iterator4.n()).done;) {
+                           var _cell = _step4.value;
+                           marked.walkTokens(_cell, callback);
+                         }
+                       } catch (err) {
+                         _iterator4.e(err);
+                       } finally {
+                         _iterator4.f();
                        }
-
-                       startNodeIDs.push(entity.first());
-                       endNodeIDs.push(entity.last());
+                     }
+                   } catch (err) {
+                     _iterator3.e(err);
+                   } finally {
+                     _iterator3.f();
                    }
 
-                   // Remove duplicate end/startNodeIDs (duplicate nodes cannot be at the line end)
-                   startNodeIDs = startNodeIDs.filter(function(n) {
-                       return startNodeIDs.indexOf(n) === startNodeIDs.lastIndexOf(n);
-                   });
-                   endNodeIDs = endNodeIDs.filter(function(n) {
-                       return endNodeIDs.indexOf(n) === endNodeIDs.lastIndexOf(n);
-                   });
-
-                   // Ensure all ways are connected (i.e. only 2 unique endpoints/startpoints)
-                   if (utilArrayDifference(startNodeIDs, endNodeIDs).length +
-                       utilArrayDifference(endNodeIDs, startNodeIDs).length !== 2) return null;
-
-                   // Ensure path contains at least 3 unique nodes
-                   var wayNodeIDs = utilGetAllNodes(_wayIDs, context.graph())
-                       .map(function(node) { return node.id; });
-                   if (wayNodeIDs.length <= 2) return null;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-                   // If range of 2 selected nodes is supplied, ensure nodes lie on the selected path
-                   if (_nodeIDs.length === 2 && (
-                       wayNodeIDs.indexOf(_nodeIDs[0]) === -1 || wayNodeIDs.indexOf(_nodeIDs[1]) === -1
-                   )) return null;
+               case 'list':
+                 {
+                   marked.walkTokens(token.items, callback);
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-                   if (_nodeIDs.length) {
-                       // If we're only straightenting between two points, we only need that extent visible
-                       _extent = utilTotalExtent(_nodeIDs, context.graph());
+               default:
+                 {
+                   if (token.tokens) {
+                     marked.walkTokens(token.tokens, callback);
                    }
+                 }
+             }
+           }
+         } catch (err) {
+           _iterator.e(err);
+         } finally {
+           _iterator.f();
+         }
+       };
+       /**
+        * Parse Inline
+        */
 
-                   _geometry = _wayIDs.length === 1 ? 'line' : 'lines';
-                   return actionStraightenWay(selectedIDs, context.projection);
-               }
 
-               return null;
-           }
+       marked.parseInline = function (src, opt) {
+         // throw error in case of non string input
+         if (typeof src === 'undefined' || src === null) {
+           throw new Error('marked.parseInline(): input parameter is undefined or null');
+         }
 
+         if (typeof src !== 'string') {
+           throw new Error('marked.parseInline(): input parameter is of type ' + Object.prototype.toString.call(src) + ', string expected');
+         }
 
-           function operation() {
-               if (!_action) return;
+         opt = merge({}, marked.defaults, opt || {});
+         checkSanitizeDeprecation(opt);
 
-               context.perform(_action, operation.annotation());
+         try {
+           var tokens = Lexer.lexInline(src, opt);
 
-               window.setTimeout(function() {
-                   context.validator().validate();
-               }, 300);  // after any transition
+           if (opt.walkTokens) {
+             marked.walkTokens(tokens, opt.walkTokens);
            }
 
+           return Parser.parseInline(tokens, opt);
+         } catch (e) {
+           e.message += '\nPlease report this to https://github.com/markedjs/marked.';
 
-           operation.available = function() {
-               return Boolean(_action);
-           };
-
+           if (opt.silent) {
+             return '<p>An error occurred:</p><pre>' + escape$1(e.message + '', true) + '</pre>';
+           }
 
-           operation.disabled = function() {
-               var reason = _action.disabled(context.graph());
-               if (reason) {
-                   return reason;
-               } else if (_extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
-                   return 'too_large';
-               } else if (someMissing()) {
-                   return 'not_downloaded';
-               } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
-                   return 'connected_to_hidden';
-               }
+           throw e;
+         }
+       };
+       /**
+        * Expose
+        */
 
-               return false;
 
+       marked.Parser = Parser;
+       marked.parser = Parser.parse;
+       marked.Renderer = Renderer;
+       marked.TextRenderer = TextRenderer;
+       marked.Lexer = Lexer;
+       marked.lexer = Lexer.lex;
+       marked.Tokenizer = Tokenizer;
+       marked.Slugger = Slugger;
+       marked.parse = marked;
+       var marked_1 = marked;
 
-               function someMissing() {
-                   if (context.inIntro()) return false;
-                   var osm = context.connection();
-                   if (osm) {
-                       var missing = _coords.filter(function(loc) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc); });
-                       if (missing.length) {
-                           missing.forEach(function(loc) { context.loadTileAtLoc(loc); });
-                           return true;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   return false;
-               }
-           };
+       var tiler$4 = utilTiler();
+       var dispatch$5 = dispatch$8('loaded');
+       var _tileZoom$1 = 14;
+       var _osmoseUrlRoot = 'https://osmose.openstreetmap.fr/api/0.3';
+       var _osmoseData = {
+         icons: {},
+         items: []
+       }; // This gets reassigned if reset
 
+       var _cache;
 
-           operation.tooltip = function() {
-               var disable = operation.disabled();
-               return disable ?
-                   _t('operations.straighten.' + disable + '.' + _amount) :
-                   _t('operations.straighten.description.' + _geometry);
-           };
+       function abortRequest$4(controller) {
+         if (controller) {
+           controller.abort();
+         }
+       }
 
+       function abortUnwantedRequests$1(cache, tiles) {
+         Object.keys(cache.inflightTile).forEach(function (k) {
+           var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
+             return k === tile.id;
+           });
 
-           operation.annotation = function() {
-               return _t('operations.straighten.annotation.' + _geometry);
-           };
+           if (!wanted) {
+             abortRequest$4(cache.inflightTile[k]);
+             delete cache.inflightTile[k];
+           }
+         });
+       }
 
+       function encodeIssueRtree(d) {
+         return {
+           minX: d.loc[0],
+           minY: d.loc[1],
+           maxX: d.loc[0],
+           maxY: d.loc[1],
+           data: d
+         };
+       } // Replace or remove QAItem from rtree
 
-           operation.id = 'straighten';
-           operation.keys = [_t('operations.straighten.key')];
-           operation.title = _t('operations.straighten.title');
-           operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
 
-           return operation;
-       }
+       function updateRtree$1(item, replace) {
+         _cache.rtree.remove(item, function (a, b) {
+           return a.data.id === b.data.id;
+         });
 
-       var Operations = /*#__PURE__*/Object.freeze({
-               __proto__: null,
-               operationCircularize: operationCircularize,
-               operationContinue: operationContinue,
-               operationCopy: operationCopy,
-               operationDelete: operationDelete,
-               operationDisconnect: operationDisconnect,
-               operationDowngrade: operationDowngrade,
-               operationExtract: operationExtract,
-               operationMerge: operationMerge,
-               operationMove: operationMove,
-               operationOrthogonalize: operationOrthogonalize,
-               operationPaste: operationPaste,
-               operationReflectShort: operationReflectShort,
-               operationReflectLong: operationReflectLong,
-               operationReverse: operationReverse,
-               operationRotate: operationRotate,
-               operationSplit: operationSplit,
-               operationStraighten: operationStraighten
-       });
+         if (replace) {
+           _cache.rtree.insert(item);
+         }
+       } // Issues shouldn't obscure each other
 
-       var _relatedParent;
 
+       function preventCoincident(loc) {
+         var coincident = false;
 
-       function modeSelect(context, selectedIDs) {
-           var mode = {
-               id: 'select',
-               button: 'browse'
-           };
+         do {
+           // first time, move marker up. after that, move marker right.
+           var delta = coincident ? [0.00001, 0] : [0, 0.00001];
+           loc = geoVecAdd(loc, delta);
+           var bbox = geoExtent(loc).bbox();
+           coincident = _cache.rtree.search(bbox).length;
+         } while (coincident);
 
-           var keybinding = utilKeybinding('select');
+         return loc;
+       }
 
-           var _breatheBehavior = behaviorBreathe();
-           var _modeDragNode = modeDragNode(context);
-           var _selectBehavior;
-           var _behaviors = [];
+       var serviceOsmose = {
+         title: 'osmose',
+         init: function init() {
+           _mainFileFetcher.get('qa_data').then(function (d) {
+             _osmoseData = d.osmose;
+             _osmoseData.items = Object.keys(d.osmose.icons).map(function (s) {
+               return s.split('-')[0];
+             }).reduce(function (unique, item) {
+               return unique.indexOf(item) !== -1 ? unique : [].concat(_toConsumableArray(unique), [item]);
+             }, []);
+           });
 
-           var _operations = [];
-           var _newFeature = false;
-           var _follow = false;
+           if (!_cache) {
+             this.reset();
+           }
 
+           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$5, 'on');
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           var _strings = {};
+           var _colors = {};
 
-           function singular() {
-               if (selectedIDs && selectedIDs.length === 1) {
-                   return context.hasEntity(selectedIDs[0]);
-               }
-           }
+           if (_cache) {
+             Object.values(_cache.inflightTile).forEach(abortRequest$4); // Strings and colors are static and should not be re-populated
 
-           function selectedEntities() {
-               return selectedIDs.map(function(id) {
-                   return context.hasEntity(id);
-               }).filter(Boolean);
+             _strings = _cache.strings;
+             _colors = _cache.colors;
            }
 
+           _cache = {
+             data: {},
+             loadedTile: {},
+             inflightTile: {},
+             inflightPost: {},
+             closed: {},
+             rtree: new RBush(),
+             strings: _strings,
+             colors: _colors
+           };
+         },
+         loadIssues: function loadIssues(projection) {
+           var _this = this;
 
-           function checkSelectedIDs() {
-               var ids = [];
-               if (Array.isArray(selectedIDs)) {
-                   ids = selectedIDs.filter(function(id) {
-                       return context.hasEntity(id);
-                   });
-               }
+           var params = {
+             // Tiles return a maximum # of issues
+             // So we want to filter our request for only types iD supports
+             item: _osmoseData.items
+           }; // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
 
-               if (!ids.length) {
-                   context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-                   return false;
-               } else if ((selectedIDs.length > 1 && ids.length === 1) ||
-                   (selectedIDs.length === 1 && ids.length > 1)) {
-                   // switch between single- and multi-select UI
-                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, ids));
-                   return false;
-               }
+           var tiles = tiler$4.zoomExtent([_tileZoom$1, _tileZoom$1]).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
 
-               selectedIDs = ids;
-               return true;
-           }
+           abortUnwantedRequests$1(_cache, tiles); // issue new requests..
 
+           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+             if (_cache.loadedTile[tile.id] || _cache.inflightTile[tile.id]) return;
 
-           // find the common parent ways for nextVertex, previousVertex
-           function commonParents() {
-               var graph = context.graph();
-               var commonParents = [];
+             var _tile$xyz = _slicedToArray(tile.xyz, 3),
+                 x = _tile$xyz[0],
+                 y = _tile$xyz[1],
+                 z = _tile$xyz[2];
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
-                   var entity = context.hasEntity(selectedIDs[i]);
-                   if (!entity || entity.geometry(graph) !== 'vertex') {
-                       return [];  // selection includes some not vertexes
-                   }
+             var url = "".concat(_osmoseUrlRoot, "/issues/").concat(z, "/").concat(x, "/").concat(y, ".json?") + utilQsString(params);
+             var controller = new AbortController();
+             _cache.inflightTile[tile.id] = controller;
+             d3_json(url, {
+               signal: controller.signal
+             }).then(function (data) {
+               delete _cache.inflightTile[tile.id];
+               _cache.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
+
+               if (data.features) {
+                 data.features.forEach(function (issue) {
+                   var _issue$properties = issue.properties,
+                       item = _issue$properties.item,
+                       cl = _issue$properties["class"],
+                       id = _issue$properties.uuid;
+                   /* Osmose issues are uniquely identified by a unique
+                     `item` and `class` combination (both integer values) */
+
+                   var itemType = "".concat(item, "-").concat(cl); // Filter out unsupported issue types (some are too specific or advanced)
+
+                   if (itemType in _osmoseData.icons) {
+                     var loc = issue.geometry.coordinates; // lon, lat
+
+                     loc = preventCoincident(loc);
+                     var d = new QAItem(loc, _this, itemType, id, {
+                       item: item
+                     }); // Setting elems here prevents UI detail requests
+
+                     if (item === 8300 || item === 8360) {
+                       d.elems = [];
+                     }
 
-                   var currParents = graph.parentWays(entity).map(function(w) { return w.id; });
-                   if (!commonParents.length) {
-                       commonParents = currParents;
-                       continue;
-                   }
+                     _cache.data[d.id] = d;
 
-                   commonParents = utilArrayIntersection(commonParents, currParents);
-                   if (!commonParents.length) {
-                       return [];
+                     _cache.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree(d));
                    }
+                 });
                }
 
-               return commonParents;
-           }
+               dispatch$5.call('loaded');
+             })["catch"](function () {
+               delete _cache.inflightTile[tile.id];
+               _cache.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
+             });
+           });
+         },
+         loadIssueDetail: function loadIssueDetail(issue) {
+           var _this2 = this;
 
+           // Issue details only need to be fetched once
+           if (issue.elems !== undefined) {
+             return Promise.resolve(issue);
+           }
 
-           function singularParent() {
-               var parents = commonParents();
-               if (!parents || parents.length === 0) {
-                   _relatedParent = null;
-                   return null;
-               }
+           var url = "".concat(_osmoseUrlRoot, "/issue/").concat(issue.id, "?langs=").concat(_mainLocalizer.localeCode());
 
-               // relatedParent is used when we visit a vertex with multiple
-               // parents, and we want to remember which parent line we started on.
+           var cacheDetails = function cacheDetails(data) {
+             // Associated elements used for highlighting
+             // Assign directly for immediate use in the callback
+             issue.elems = data.elems.map(function (e) {
+               return e.type.substring(0, 1) + e.id;
+             }); // Some issues have instance specific detail in a subtitle
 
-               if (parents.length === 1) {
-                   _relatedParent = parents[0];  // remember this parent for later
-                   return _relatedParent;
-               }
+             issue.detail = data.subtitle ? marked_1(data.subtitle.auto) : '';
 
-               if (parents.indexOf(_relatedParent) !== -1) {
-                   return _relatedParent;   // prefer the previously seen parent
-               }
+             _this2.replaceItem(issue);
+           };
 
-               return parents[0];
-           }
+           return d3_json(url).then(cacheDetails).then(function () {
+             return issue;
+           });
+         },
+         loadStrings: function loadStrings() {
+           var locale = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
+           var items = Object.keys(_osmoseData.icons);
 
+           if (locale in _cache.strings && Object.keys(_cache.strings[locale]).length === items.length) {
+             return Promise.resolve(_cache.strings[locale]);
+           } // May be partially populated already if some requests were successful
 
-           mode.selectedIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return selectedIDs;
-               selectedIDs = val;
-               return mode;
-           };
 
+           if (!(locale in _cache.strings)) {
+             _cache.strings[locale] = {};
+           } // Only need to cache strings for supported issue types
+           // Using multiple individual item + class requests to reduce fetched data size
 
-           mode.zoomToSelected = function() {
-               context.map().zoomToEase(selectedEntities());
-           };
 
+           var allRequests = items.map(function (itemType) {
+             // No need to request data we already have
+             if (itemType in _cache.strings[locale]) return null;
 
-           mode.newFeature = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _newFeature;
-               _newFeature = val;
-               return mode;
-           };
+             var cacheData = function cacheData(data) {
+               // Bunch of nested single value arrays of objects
+               var _data$categories = _slicedToArray(data.categories, 1),
+                   _data$categories$ = _data$categories[0],
+                   cat = _data$categories$ === void 0 ? {
+                 items: []
+               } : _data$categories$;
 
+               var _cat$items = _slicedToArray(cat.items, 1),
+                   _cat$items$ = _cat$items[0],
+                   item = _cat$items$ === void 0 ? {
+                 "class": []
+               } : _cat$items$;
 
-           mode.selectBehavior = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _selectBehavior;
-               _selectBehavior = val;
-               return mode;
-           };
+               var _item$class = _slicedToArray(item["class"], 1),
+                   _item$class$ = _item$class[0],
+                   cl = _item$class$ === void 0 ? null : _item$class$; // If null default value is reached, data wasn't as expected (or was empty)
 
 
-           mode.follow = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _follow;
-               _follow = val;
-               return mode;
-           };
+               if (!cl) {
+                 /* eslint-disable no-console */
+                 console.log("Osmose strings request (".concat(itemType, ") had unexpected data"));
+                 /* eslint-enable no-console */
 
-           function loadOperations() {
+                 return;
+               } // Cache served item colors to automatically style issue markers later
 
-               _operations.forEach(function(operation) {
-                   if (operation.behavior) {
-                       context.uninstall(operation.behavior);
-                   }
-               });
 
-               _operations = Object.values(Operations)
-                   .map(function(o) { return o(context, selectedIDs); })
-                   .filter(function(o) { return o.available() && o.id !== 'delete' && o.id !== 'downgrade' && o.id !== 'copy'; });
+               var itemInt = item.item,
+                   color = item.color;
 
-               var copyOperation = operationCopy(context, selectedIDs);
-               if (copyOperation.available()) {
-                   // group copy operation with delete/downgrade
-                   _operations.push(copyOperation);
-               }
+               if (/^#[A-Fa-f0-9]{6}|[A-Fa-f0-9]{3}/.test(color)) {
+                 _cache.colors[itemInt] = color;
+               } // Value of root key will be null if no string exists
+               // If string exists, value is an object with key 'auto' for string
 
-               var downgradeOperation = operationDowngrade(context, selectedIDs);
-               // don't allow delete if downgrade is available
-               var lastOperation = !context.inIntro() && downgradeOperation.available() ? downgradeOperation : operationDelete(context, selectedIDs);
 
-               _operations.push(lastOperation);
+               var title = cl.title,
+                   detail = cl.detail,
+                   fix = cl.fix,
+                   trap = cl.trap; // Osmose titles shouldn't contain markdown
 
-               _operations.forEach(function(operation) {
-                   if (operation.behavior) {
-                       context.install(operation.behavior);
-                   }
-               });
+               var issueStrings = {};
+               if (title) issueStrings.title = title.auto;
+               if (detail) issueStrings.detail = marked_1(detail.auto);
+               if (trap) issueStrings.trap = marked_1(trap.auto);
+               if (fix) issueStrings.fix = marked_1(fix.auto);
+               _cache.strings[locale][itemType] = issueStrings;
+             };
 
-               // remove any displayed menu
-               context.ui().closeEditMenu();
-           }
+             var _itemType$split = itemType.split('-'),
+                 _itemType$split2 = _slicedToArray(_itemType$split, 2),
+                 item = _itemType$split2[0],
+                 cl = _itemType$split2[1]; // Osmose API falls back to English strings where untranslated or if locale doesn't exist
 
-           mode.operations = function() {
-               return _operations;
-           };
 
+             var url = "".concat(_osmoseUrlRoot, "/items/").concat(item, "/class/").concat(cl, "?langs=").concat(locale);
+             return d3_json(url).then(cacheData);
+           }).filter(Boolean);
+           return Promise.all(allRequests).then(function () {
+             return _cache.strings[locale];
+           });
+         },
+         getStrings: function getStrings(itemType) {
+           var locale = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
+           // No need to fallback to English, Osmose API handles this for us
+           return locale in _cache.strings ? _cache.strings[locale][itemType] : {};
+         },
+         getColor: function getColor(itemType) {
+           return itemType in _cache.colors ? _cache.colors[itemType] : '#FFFFFF';
+         },
+         postUpdate: function postUpdate(issue, callback) {
+           var _this3 = this;
 
-           mode.enter = function() {
-               if (!checkSelectedIDs()) return;
-
-               context.features().forceVisible(selectedIDs);
-
-               _modeDragNode.restoreSelectedIDs(selectedIDs);
-
-               loadOperations();
-
-               if (!_behaviors.length) {
-                   if (!_selectBehavior) _selectBehavior = behaviorSelect(context);
-
-                   _behaviors = [
-                       behaviorPaste(context),
-                       _breatheBehavior,
-                       behaviorHover(context).on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hoverModeSelect),
-                       _selectBehavior,
-                       behaviorLasso(context),
-                       _modeDragNode.behavior,
-                       modeDragNote(context).behavior
-                   ];
-               }
-               _behaviors.forEach(context.install);
-
-               keybinding
-                   .on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected)
-                   .on(['[', 'pgup'], previousVertex)
-                   .on([']', 'pgdown'], nextVertex)
-                   .on(['{', uiCmd('⌘['), 'home'], firstVertex)
-                   .on(['}', uiCmd('⌘]'), 'end'], lastVertex)
-                   .on(uiCmd('⇧←'), nudgeSelection([-10, 0]))
-                   .on(uiCmd('⇧↑'), nudgeSelection([0, -10]))
-                   .on(uiCmd('⇧→'), nudgeSelection([10, 0]))
-                   .on(uiCmd('⇧↓'), nudgeSelection([0, 10]))
-                   .on(uiCmd('⇧⌘←'), nudgeSelection([-100, 0]))
-                   .on(uiCmd('⇧⌘↑'), nudgeSelection([0, -100]))
-                   .on(uiCmd('⇧⌘→'), nudgeSelection([100, 0]))
-                   .on(uiCmd('⇧⌘↓'), nudgeSelection([0, 100]))
-                   .on(['\\', 'pause'], nextParent)
-                   .on('⎋', esc, true);
-
-               select(document)
-                   .call(keybinding);
-
-               context.ui().sidebar
-                   .select(selectedIDs, _newFeature);
-
-               context.history()
-                   .on('change.select', function() {
-                       loadOperations();
-                       // reselect after change in case relation members were removed or added
-                       selectElements();
-                   })
-                   .on('undone.select', checkSelectedIDs)
-                   .on('redone.select', checkSelectedIDs);
-
-               context.map()
-                   .on('drawn.select', selectElements)
-                   .on('crossEditableZoom.select', function() {
-                       selectElements();
-                       _breatheBehavior.restartIfNeeded(context.surface());
-                   });
+           if (_cache.inflightPost[issue.id]) {
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Issue update already inflight',
+               status: -2
+             }, issue);
+           } // UI sets the status to either 'done' or 'false'
 
-               context.map().doubleUpHandler()
-                   .on('doubleUp.modeSelect', didDoubleUp);
 
+           var url = "".concat(_osmoseUrlRoot, "/issue/").concat(issue.id, "/").concat(issue.newStatus);
+           var controller = new AbortController();
 
-               selectElements();
+           var after = function after() {
+             delete _cache.inflightPost[issue.id];
 
-               if (_follow) {
-                   var extent = geoExtent();
-                   var graph = context.graph();
-                   selectedIDs.forEach(function(id) {
-                       var entity = context.entity(id);
-                       extent._extend(entity.extent(graph));
-                   });
+             _this3.removeItem(issue);
 
-                   var loc = extent.center();
-                   context.map().centerEase(loc);
+             if (issue.newStatus === 'done') {
+               // Keep track of the number of issues closed per `item` to tag the changeset
+               if (!(issue.item in _cache.closed)) {
+                 _cache.closed[issue.item] = 0;
                }
 
+               _cache.closed[issue.item] += 1;
+             }
 
-               function nudgeSelection(delta) {
-                   return function() {
-                       // prevent nudging during low zoom selection
-                       if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
+             if (callback) callback(null, issue);
+           };
 
-                       var moveOp = operationMove(context, selectedIDs);
-                       if (moveOp.disabled()) {
-                           context.ui().flash
-                               .duration(4000)
-                               .iconName('#iD-operation-' + moveOp.id)
-                               .iconClass('operation disabled')
-                               .text(moveOp.tooltip)();
-                       } else {
-                           context.perform(actionMove(selectedIDs, delta, context.projection), moveOp.annotation());
-                       }
-                   };
-               }
+           _cache.inflightPost[issue.id] = controller;
+           fetch(url, {
+             signal: controller.signal
+           }).then(after)["catch"](function (err) {
+             delete _cache.inflightPost[issue.id];
+             if (callback) callback(err.message);
+           });
+         },
+         // Get all cached QAItems covering the viewport
+         getItems: function getItems(projection) {
+           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
+           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
+           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
+           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+           return _cache.rtree.search(bbox).map(function (d) {
+             return d.data;
+           });
+         },
+         // Get a QAItem from cache
+         // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
+         getError: function getError(id) {
+           return _cache.data[id];
+         },
+         // get the name of the icon to display for this item
+         getIcon: function getIcon(itemType) {
+           return _osmoseData.icons[itemType];
+         },
+         // Replace a single QAItem in the cache
+         replaceItem: function replaceItem(item) {
+           if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) return;
+           _cache.data[item.id] = item;
+           updateRtree$1(encodeIssueRtree(item), true); // true = replace
 
+           return item;
+         },
+         // Remove a single QAItem from the cache
+         removeItem: function removeItem(item) {
+           if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) return;
+           delete _cache.data[item.id];
+           updateRtree$1(encodeIssueRtree(item), false); // false = remove
+         },
+         // Used to populate `closed:osmose:*` changeset tags
+         getClosedCounts: function getClosedCounts() {
+           return _cache.closed;
+         },
+         itemURL: function itemURL(item) {
+           return "https://osmose.openstreetmap.fr/en/error/".concat(item.id);
+         }
+       };
 
-               function didDoubleUp(loc) {
-                   if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
+       var ieee754$1 = {};
 
-                   var target = select(event.target);
+       /*! ieee754. BSD-3-Clause License. Feross Aboukhadijeh <https://feross.org/opensource> */
 
-                   var datum = target.datum();
-                   var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
-                   if (!entity) return;
+       ieee754$1.read = function (buffer, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
+         var e, m;
+         var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1;
+         var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1;
+         var eBias = eMax >> 1;
+         var nBits = -7;
+         var i = isLE ? nBytes - 1 : 0;
+         var d = isLE ? -1 : 1;
+         var s = buffer[offset + i];
+         i += d;
+         e = s & (1 << -nBits) - 1;
+         s >>= -nBits;
+         nBits += eLen;
 
-                   if (entity instanceof osmWay && target.classed('target')) {
-                       var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(entity), loc, context.projection);
-                       var prev = entity.nodes[choice.index - 1];
-                       var next = entity.nodes[choice.index];
+         for (; nBits > 0; e = e * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}
 
-                       context.perform(
-                           actionAddMidpoint({ loc: choice.loc, edge: [prev, next] }, osmNode()),
-                           _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex')
-                       );
+         m = e & (1 << -nBits) - 1;
+         e >>= -nBits;
+         nBits += mLen;
 
-                   } else if (entity.type === 'midpoint') {
-                       context.perform(
-                           actionAddMidpoint({ loc: entity.loc, edge: entity.edge }, osmNode()),
-                           _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex'));
-                   }
-               }
+         for (; nBits > 0; m = m * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}
 
+         if (e === 0) {
+           e = 1 - eBias;
+         } else if (e === eMax) {
+           return m ? NaN : (s ? -1 : 1) * Infinity;
+         } else {
+           m = m + Math.pow(2, mLen);
+           e = e - eBias;
+         }
 
-               function selectElements() {
-                   if (!checkSelectedIDs()) return;
+         return (s ? -1 : 1) * m * Math.pow(2, e - mLen);
+       };
 
-                   var surface = context.surface();
+       ieee754$1.write = function (buffer, value, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
+         var e, m, c;
+         var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1;
+         var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1;
+         var eBias = eMax >> 1;
+         var rt = mLen === 23 ? Math.pow(2, -24) - Math.pow(2, -77) : 0;
+         var i = isLE ? 0 : nBytes - 1;
+         var d = isLE ? 1 : -1;
+         var s = value < 0 || value === 0 && 1 / value < 0 ? 1 : 0;
+         value = Math.abs(value);
 
-                   surface.selectAll('.selected-member')
-                       .classed('selected-member', false);
+         if (isNaN(value) || value === Infinity) {
+           m = isNaN(value) ? 1 : 0;
+           e = eMax;
+         } else {
+           e = Math.floor(Math.log(value) / Math.LN2);
 
-                   surface.selectAll('.selected')
-                       .classed('selected', false);
+           if (value * (c = Math.pow(2, -e)) < 1) {
+             e--;
+             c *= 2;
+           }
 
-                   surface.selectAll('.related')
-                       .classed('related', false);
+           if (e + eBias >= 1) {
+             value += rt / c;
+           } else {
+             value += rt * Math.pow(2, 1 - eBias);
+           }
 
-                   singularParent();
-                   if (_relatedParent) {
-                       surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector([_relatedParent]))
-                           .classed('related', true);
-                   }
+           if (value * c >= 2) {
+             e++;
+             c /= 2;
+           }
 
-                   if (context.map().withinEditableZoom()) {
-                       // Apply selection styling if not in wide selection
+           if (e + eBias >= eMax) {
+             m = 0;
+             e = eMax;
+           } else if (e + eBias >= 1) {
+             m = (value * c - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen);
+             e = e + eBias;
+           } else {
+             m = value * Math.pow(2, eBias - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen);
+             e = 0;
+           }
+         }
 
-                       surface
-                           .selectAll(utilDeepMemberSelector(selectedIDs, context.graph(), true /* skipMultipolgonMembers */))
-                           .classed('selected-member', true);
-                       surface
-                           .selectAll(utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector(selectedIDs, context.graph()))
-                           .classed('selected', true);
-                   }
+         for (; mLen >= 8; buffer[offset + i] = m & 0xff, i += d, m /= 256, mLen -= 8) {}
 
-               }
+         e = e << mLen | m;
+         eLen += mLen;
 
+         for (; eLen > 0; buffer[offset + i] = e & 0xff, i += d, e /= 256, eLen -= 8) {}
 
-               function esc() {
-                   if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
-                   context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               }
+         buffer[offset + i - d] |= s * 128;
+       };
 
+       var pbf = Pbf;
+       var ieee754 = ieee754$1;
 
-               function firstVertex() {
-                   event.preventDefault();
-                   var entity = singular();
-                   var parent = singularParent();
-                   var way;
+       function Pbf(buf) {
+         this.buf = ArrayBuffer.isView && ArrayBuffer.isView(buf) ? buf : new Uint8Array(buf || 0);
+         this.pos = 0;
+         this.type = 0;
+         this.length = this.buf.length;
+       }
 
-                   if (entity && entity.type === 'way') {
-                       way = entity;
-                   } else if (parent) {
-                       way = context.entity(parent);
-                   }
+       Pbf.Varint = 0; // varint: int32, int64, uint32, uint64, sint32, sint64, bool, enum
 
-                   if (way) {
-                       context.enter(
-                           modeSelect(context, [way.first()]).follow(true)
-                       );
-                   }
-               }
+       Pbf.Fixed64 = 1; // 64-bit: double, fixed64, sfixed64
 
+       Pbf.Bytes = 2; // length-delimited: string, bytes, embedded messages, packed repeated fields
 
-               function lastVertex() {
-                   event.preventDefault();
-                   var entity = singular();
-                   var parent = singularParent();
-                   var way;
+       Pbf.Fixed32 = 5; // 32-bit: float, fixed32, sfixed32
 
-                   if (entity && entity.type === 'way') {
-                       way = entity;
-                   } else if (parent) {
-                       way = context.entity(parent);
-                   }
+       var SHIFT_LEFT_32 = (1 << 16) * (1 << 16),
+           SHIFT_RIGHT_32 = 1 / SHIFT_LEFT_32; // Threshold chosen based on both benchmarking and knowledge about browser string
+       // data structures (which currently switch structure types at 12 bytes or more)
 
-                   if (way) {
-                       context.enter(
-                           modeSelect(context, [way.last()]).follow(true)
-                       );
-                   }
-               }
+       var TEXT_DECODER_MIN_LENGTH = 12;
+       var utf8TextDecoder = typeof TextDecoder === 'undefined' ? null : new TextDecoder('utf8');
+       Pbf.prototype = {
+         destroy: function destroy() {
+           this.buf = null;
+         },
+         // === READING =================================================================
+         readFields: function readFields(readField, result, end) {
+           end = end || this.length;
 
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             var val = this.readVarint(),
+                 tag = val >> 3,
+                 startPos = this.pos;
+             this.type = val & 0x7;
+             readField(tag, result, this);
+             if (this.pos === startPos) this.skip(val);
+           }
 
-               function previousVertex() {
-                   event.preventDefault();
-                   var parent = singularParent();
-                   if (!parent) return;
+           return result;
+         },
+         readMessage: function readMessage(readField, result) {
+           return this.readFields(readField, result, this.readVarint() + this.pos);
+         },
+         readFixed32: function readFixed32() {
+           var val = readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos);
+           this.pos += 4;
+           return val;
+         },
+         readSFixed32: function readSFixed32() {
+           var val = readInt32(this.buf, this.pos);
+           this.pos += 4;
+           return val;
+         },
+         // 64-bit int handling is based on github.com/dpw/node-buffer-more-ints (MIT-licensed)
+         readFixed64: function readFixed64() {
+           var val = readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos) + readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos + 4) * SHIFT_LEFT_32;
+           this.pos += 8;
+           return val;
+         },
+         readSFixed64: function readSFixed64() {
+           var val = readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos) + readInt32(this.buf, this.pos + 4) * SHIFT_LEFT_32;
+           this.pos += 8;
+           return val;
+         },
+         readFloat: function readFloat() {
+           var val = ieee754.read(this.buf, this.pos, true, 23, 4);
+           this.pos += 4;
+           return val;
+         },
+         readDouble: function readDouble() {
+           var val = ieee754.read(this.buf, this.pos, true, 52, 8);
+           this.pos += 8;
+           return val;
+         },
+         readVarint: function readVarint(isSigned) {
+           var buf = this.buf,
+               val,
+               b;
+           b = buf[this.pos++];
+           val = b & 0x7f;
+           if (b < 0x80) return val;
+           b = buf[this.pos++];
+           val |= (b & 0x7f) << 7;
+           if (b < 0x80) return val;
+           b = buf[this.pos++];
+           val |= (b & 0x7f) << 14;
+           if (b < 0x80) return val;
+           b = buf[this.pos++];
+           val |= (b & 0x7f) << 21;
+           if (b < 0x80) return val;
+           b = buf[this.pos];
+           val |= (b & 0x0f) << 28;
+           return readVarintRemainder(val, isSigned, this);
+         },
+         readVarint64: function readVarint64() {
+           // for compatibility with v2.0.1
+           return this.readVarint(true);
+         },
+         readSVarint: function readSVarint() {
+           var num = this.readVarint();
+           return num % 2 === 1 ? (num + 1) / -2 : num / 2; // zigzag encoding
+         },
+         readBoolean: function readBoolean() {
+           return Boolean(this.readVarint());
+         },
+         readString: function readString() {
+           var end = this.readVarint() + this.pos;
+           var pos = this.pos;
+           this.pos = end;
 
-                   var way = context.entity(parent);
-                   var length = way.nodes.length;
-                   var curr = way.nodes.indexOf(selectedIDs[0]);
-                   var index = -1;
+           if (end - pos >= TEXT_DECODER_MIN_LENGTH && utf8TextDecoder) {
+             // longer strings are fast with the built-in browser TextDecoder API
+             return readUtf8TextDecoder(this.buf, pos, end);
+           } // short strings are fast with our custom implementation
 
-                   if (curr > 0) {
-                       index = curr - 1;
-                   } else if (way.isClosed()) {
-                       index = length - 2;
-                   }
 
-                   if (index !== -1) {
-                       context.enter(
-                           modeSelect(context, [way.nodes[index]]).follow(true)
-                       );
-                   }
-               }
+           return readUtf8(this.buf, pos, end);
+         },
+         readBytes: function readBytes() {
+           var end = this.readVarint() + this.pos,
+               buffer = this.buf.subarray(this.pos, end);
+           this.pos = end;
+           return buffer;
+         },
+         // verbose for performance reasons; doesn't affect gzipped size
+         readPackedVarint: function readPackedVarint(arr, isSigned) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readVarint(isSigned));
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readVarint(isSigned));
+           }
 
-               function nextVertex() {
-                   event.preventDefault();
-                   var parent = singularParent();
-                   if (!parent) return;
+           return arr;
+         },
+         readPackedSVarint: function readPackedSVarint(arr) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readSVarint());
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
-                   var way = context.entity(parent);
-                   var length = way.nodes.length;
-                   var curr = way.nodes.indexOf(selectedIDs[0]);
-                   var index = -1;
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readSVarint());
+           }
 
-                   if (curr < length - 1) {
-                       index = curr + 1;
-                   } else if (way.isClosed()) {
-                       index = 0;
-                   }
+           return arr;
+         },
+         readPackedBoolean: function readPackedBoolean(arr) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readBoolean());
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
-                   if (index !== -1) {
-                       context.enter(
-                           modeSelect(context, [way.nodes[index]]).follow(true)
-                       );
-                   }
-               }
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readBoolean());
+           }
 
+           return arr;
+         },
+         readPackedFloat: function readPackedFloat(arr) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readFloat());
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
-               function nextParent() {
-                   event.preventDefault();
-                   var parents = commonParents();
-                   if (!parents || parents.length < 2) return;
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readFloat());
+           }
 
-                   var index = parents.indexOf(_relatedParent);
-                   if (index < 0 || index > parents.length - 2) {
-                       _relatedParent = parents[0];
-                   } else {
-                       _relatedParent = parents[index + 1];
-                   }
+           return arr;
+         },
+         readPackedDouble: function readPackedDouble(arr) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readDouble());
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
-                   var surface = context.surface();
-                   surface.selectAll('.related')
-                       .classed('related', false);
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readDouble());
+           }
 
-                   if (_relatedParent) {
-                       surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector([_relatedParent]))
-                           .classed('related', true);
-                   }
-               }
-           };
+           return arr;
+         },
+         readPackedFixed32: function readPackedFixed32(arr) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readFixed32());
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readFixed32());
+           }
 
-           mode.exit = function() {
+           return arr;
+         },
+         readPackedSFixed32: function readPackedSFixed32(arr) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readSFixed32());
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
-               _newFeature = false;
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readSFixed32());
+           }
 
-               _operations.forEach(function(operation) {
-                   if (operation.behavior) {
-                       context.uninstall(operation.behavior);
-                   }
-               });
-               _operations = [];
+           return arr;
+         },
+         readPackedFixed64: function readPackedFixed64(arr) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readFixed64());
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
-               _behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readFixed64());
+           }
 
-               select(document)
-                   .call(keybinding.unbind);
+           return arr;
+         },
+         readPackedSFixed64: function readPackedSFixed64(arr) {
+           if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) return arr.push(this.readSFixed64());
+           var end = readPackedEnd(this);
+           arr = arr || [];
 
-               context.ui().closeEditMenu();
+           while (this.pos < end) {
+             arr.push(this.readSFixed64());
+           }
 
-               context.history()
-                   .on('change.select', null)
-                   .on('undone.select', null)
-                   .on('redone.select', null);
+           return arr;
+         },
+         skip: function skip(val) {
+           var type = val & 0x7;
+           if (type === Pbf.Varint) while (this.buf[this.pos++] > 0x7f) {} else if (type === Pbf.Bytes) this.pos = this.readVarint() + this.pos;else if (type === Pbf.Fixed32) this.pos += 4;else if (type === Pbf.Fixed64) this.pos += 8;else throw new Error('Unimplemented type: ' + type);
+         },
+         // === WRITING =================================================================
+         writeTag: function writeTag(tag, type) {
+           this.writeVarint(tag << 3 | type);
+         },
+         realloc: function realloc(min) {
+           var length = this.length || 16;
 
-               var surface = context.surface();
+           while (length < this.pos + min) {
+             length *= 2;
+           }
 
-               surface
-                   .selectAll('.selected-member')
-                   .classed('selected-member', false);
+           if (length !== this.length) {
+             var buf = new Uint8Array(length);
+             buf.set(this.buf);
+             this.buf = buf;
+             this.length = length;
+           }
+         },
+         finish: function finish() {
+           this.length = this.pos;
+           this.pos = 0;
+           return this.buf.subarray(0, this.length);
+         },
+         writeFixed32: function writeFixed32(val) {
+           this.realloc(4);
+           writeInt32(this.buf, val, this.pos);
+           this.pos += 4;
+         },
+         writeSFixed32: function writeSFixed32(val) {
+           this.realloc(4);
+           writeInt32(this.buf, val, this.pos);
+           this.pos += 4;
+         },
+         writeFixed64: function writeFixed64(val) {
+           this.realloc(8);
+           writeInt32(this.buf, val & -1, this.pos);
+           writeInt32(this.buf, Math.floor(val * SHIFT_RIGHT_32), this.pos + 4);
+           this.pos += 8;
+         },
+         writeSFixed64: function writeSFixed64(val) {
+           this.realloc(8);
+           writeInt32(this.buf, val & -1, this.pos);
+           writeInt32(this.buf, Math.floor(val * SHIFT_RIGHT_32), this.pos + 4);
+           this.pos += 8;
+         },
+         writeVarint: function writeVarint(val) {
+           val = +val || 0;
 
-               surface
-                   .selectAll('.selected')
-                   .classed('selected', false);
+           if (val > 0xfffffff || val < 0) {
+             writeBigVarint(val, this);
+             return;
+           }
 
-               surface
-                   .selectAll('.highlighted')
-                   .classed('highlighted', false);
+           this.realloc(4);
+           this.buf[this.pos++] = val & 0x7f | (val > 0x7f ? 0x80 : 0);
+           if (val <= 0x7f) return;
+           this.buf[this.pos++] = (val >>>= 7) & 0x7f | (val > 0x7f ? 0x80 : 0);
+           if (val <= 0x7f) return;
+           this.buf[this.pos++] = (val >>>= 7) & 0x7f | (val > 0x7f ? 0x80 : 0);
+           if (val <= 0x7f) return;
+           this.buf[this.pos++] = val >>> 7 & 0x7f;
+         },
+         writeSVarint: function writeSVarint(val) {
+           this.writeVarint(val < 0 ? -val * 2 - 1 : val * 2);
+         },
+         writeBoolean: function writeBoolean(val) {
+           this.writeVarint(Boolean(val));
+         },
+         writeString: function writeString(str) {
+           str = String(str);
+           this.realloc(str.length * 4);
+           this.pos++; // reserve 1 byte for short string length
 
-               surface
-                   .selectAll('.related')
-                   .classed('related', false);
+           var startPos = this.pos; // write the string directly to the buffer and see how much was written
 
-               context.map().on('drawn.select', null);
-               context.ui().sidebar.hide();
-               context.features().forceVisible([]);
+           this.pos = writeUtf8(this.buf, str, this.pos);
+           var len = this.pos - startPos;
+           if (len >= 0x80) makeRoomForExtraLength(startPos, len, this); // finally, write the message length in the reserved place and restore the position
 
-               var entity = singular();
-               if (_newFeature && entity && entity.type === 'relation' &&
-                   // no tags
-                   Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0 &&
-                   // no parent relations
-                   context.graph().parentRelations(entity).length === 0 &&
-                   // no members or one member with no role
-                   (entity.members.length === 0 || (entity.members.length === 1 && !entity.members[0].role))
-               ) {
-                   // the user added this relation but didn't edit it at all, so just delete it
-                   var deleteAction = actionDeleteRelation(entity.id, true /* don't delete untagged members */);
-                   context.perform(deleteAction, _t('operations.delete.annotation.relation'));
-               }
-           };
+           this.pos = startPos - 1;
+           this.writeVarint(len);
+           this.pos += len;
+         },
+         writeFloat: function writeFloat(val) {
+           this.realloc(4);
+           ieee754.write(this.buf, val, this.pos, true, 23, 4);
+           this.pos += 4;
+         },
+         writeDouble: function writeDouble(val) {
+           this.realloc(8);
+           ieee754.write(this.buf, val, this.pos, true, 52, 8);
+           this.pos += 8;
+         },
+         writeBytes: function writeBytes(buffer) {
+           var len = buffer.length;
+           this.writeVarint(len);
+           this.realloc(len);
 
+           for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+             this.buf[this.pos++] = buffer[i];
+           }
+         },
+         writeRawMessage: function writeRawMessage(fn, obj) {
+           this.pos++; // reserve 1 byte for short message length
+           // write the message directly to the buffer and see how much was written
+
+           var startPos = this.pos;
+           fn(obj, this);
+           var len = this.pos - startPos;
+           if (len >= 0x80) makeRoomForExtraLength(startPos, len, this); // finally, write the message length in the reserved place and restore the position
+
+           this.pos = startPos - 1;
+           this.writeVarint(len);
+           this.pos += len;
+         },
+         writeMessage: function writeMessage(tag, fn, obj) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Bytes);
+           this.writeRawMessage(fn, obj);
+         },
+         writePackedVarint: function writePackedVarint(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedVarint, arr);
+         },
+         writePackedSVarint: function writePackedSVarint(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedSVarint, arr);
+         },
+         writePackedBoolean: function writePackedBoolean(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedBoolean, arr);
+         },
+         writePackedFloat: function writePackedFloat(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedFloat, arr);
+         },
+         writePackedDouble: function writePackedDouble(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedDouble, arr);
+         },
+         writePackedFixed32: function writePackedFixed32(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedFixed, arr);
+         },
+         writePackedSFixed32: function writePackedSFixed32(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedSFixed, arr);
+         },
+         writePackedFixed64: function writePackedFixed64(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedFixed2, arr);
+         },
+         writePackedSFixed64: function writePackedSFixed64(tag, arr) {
+           if (arr.length) this.writeMessage(tag, _writePackedSFixed2, arr);
+         },
+         writeBytesField: function writeBytesField(tag, buffer) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Bytes);
+           this.writeBytes(buffer);
+         },
+         writeFixed32Field: function writeFixed32Field(tag, val) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed32);
+           this.writeFixed32(val);
+         },
+         writeSFixed32Field: function writeSFixed32Field(tag, val) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed32);
+           this.writeSFixed32(val);
+         },
+         writeFixed64Field: function writeFixed64Field(tag, val) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed64);
+           this.writeFixed64(val);
+         },
+         writeSFixed64Field: function writeSFixed64Field(tag, val) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed64);
+           this.writeSFixed64(val);
+         },
+         writeVarintField: function writeVarintField(tag, val) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Varint);
+           this.writeVarint(val);
+         },
+         writeSVarintField: function writeSVarintField(tag, val) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Varint);
+           this.writeSVarint(val);
+         },
+         writeStringField: function writeStringField(tag, str) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Bytes);
+           this.writeString(str);
+         },
+         writeFloatField: function writeFloatField(tag, val) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed32);
+           this.writeFloat(val);
+         },
+         writeDoubleField: function writeDoubleField(tag, val) {
+           this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed64);
+           this.writeDouble(val);
+         },
+         writeBooleanField: function writeBooleanField(tag, val) {
+           this.writeVarintField(tag, Boolean(val));
+         }
+       };
 
-           return mode;
+       function readVarintRemainder(l, s, p) {
+         var buf = p.buf,
+             h,
+             b;
+         b = buf[p.pos++];
+         h = (b & 0x70) >> 4;
+         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
+         b = buf[p.pos++];
+         h |= (b & 0x7f) << 3;
+         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
+         b = buf[p.pos++];
+         h |= (b & 0x7f) << 10;
+         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
+         b = buf[p.pos++];
+         h |= (b & 0x7f) << 17;
+         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
+         b = buf[p.pos++];
+         h |= (b & 0x7f) << 24;
+         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
+         b = buf[p.pos++];
+         h |= (b & 0x01) << 31;
+         if (b < 0x80) return toNum(l, h, s);
+         throw new Error('Expected varint not more than 10 bytes');
        }
 
-       function uiLasso(context) {
-           var group, polygon;
+       function readPackedEnd(pbf) {
+         return pbf.type === Pbf.Bytes ? pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos : pbf.pos + 1;
+       }
 
-           lasso.coordinates = [];
+       function toNum(low, high, isSigned) {
+         if (isSigned) {
+           return high * 0x100000000 + (low >>> 0);
+         }
 
-           function lasso(selection) {
-               context.container()
-                   .classed('lasso', true);
+         return (high >>> 0) * 0x100000000 + (low >>> 0);
+       }
 
-               group = selection
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'lasso hide');
+       function writeBigVarint(val, pbf) {
+         var low, high;
 
-               polygon = group
-                   .append('path')
-                   .attr('class', 'lasso-path');
+         if (val >= 0) {
+           low = val % 0x100000000 | 0;
+           high = val / 0x100000000 | 0;
+         } else {
+           low = ~(-val % 0x100000000);
+           high = ~(-val / 0x100000000);
 
-               group
-                   .call(uiToggle(true));
+           if (low ^ 0xffffffff) {
+             low = low + 1 | 0;
+           } else {
+             low = 0;
+             high = high + 1 | 0;
            }
+         }
 
+         if (val >= 0x10000000000000000 || val < -0x10000000000000000) {
+           throw new Error('Given varint doesn\'t fit into 10 bytes');
+         }
 
-           function draw() {
-               if (polygon) {
-                   polygon.data([lasso.coordinates])
-                       .attr('d', function(d) { return 'M' + d.join(' L') + ' Z'; });
-               }
-           }
-
+         pbf.realloc(10);
+         writeBigVarintLow(low, high, pbf);
+         writeBigVarintHigh(high, pbf);
+       }
 
-           lasso.extent = function () {
-               return lasso.coordinates.reduce(function(extent, point) {
-                   return extent.extend(geoExtent(point));
-               }, geoExtent());
-           };
+       function writeBigVarintLow(low, high, pbf) {
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80;
+         low >>>= 7;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80;
+         low >>>= 7;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80;
+         low >>>= 7;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80;
+         low >>>= 7;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos] = low & 0x7f;
+       }
 
+       function writeBigVarintHigh(high, pbf) {
+         var lsb = (high & 0x07) << 4;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] |= lsb | ((high >>>= 3) ? 0x80 : 0);
+         if (!high) return;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0);
+         if (!high) return;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0);
+         if (!high) return;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0);
+         if (!high) return;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0);
+         if (!high) return;
+         pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = high & 0x7f;
+       }
 
-           lasso.p = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return lasso;
-               lasso.coordinates.push(_);
-               draw();
-               return lasso;
-           };
+       function makeRoomForExtraLength(startPos, len, pbf) {
+         var extraLen = len <= 0x3fff ? 1 : len <= 0x1fffff ? 2 : len <= 0xfffffff ? 3 : Math.floor(Math.log(len) / (Math.LN2 * 7)); // if 1 byte isn't enough for encoding message length, shift the data to the right
 
+         pbf.realloc(extraLen);
 
-           lasso.close = function() {
-               if (group) {
-                   group.call(uiToggle(false, function() {
-                       select(this).remove();
-                   }));
-               }
-               context.container().classed('lasso', false);
-           };
+         for (var i = pbf.pos - 1; i >= startPos; i--) {
+           pbf.buf[i + extraLen] = pbf.buf[i];
+         }
+       }
 
+       function _writePackedVarint(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeVarint(arr[i]);
+         }
+       }
 
-           return lasso;
+       function _writePackedSVarint(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeSVarint(arr[i]);
+         }
        }
 
-       function behaviorLasso(context) {
+       function _writePackedFloat(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeFloat(arr[i]);
+         }
+       }
 
-           // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
-           var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
+       function _writePackedDouble(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeDouble(arr[i]);
+         }
+       }
 
-           var behavior = function(selection) {
-               var lasso;
+       function _writePackedBoolean(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeBoolean(arr[i]);
+         }
+       }
 
+       function _writePackedFixed(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeFixed32(arr[i]);
+         }
+       }
 
-               function pointerdown() {
-                   var button = 0;  // left
-                   if (event.button === button && event.shiftKey === true) {
-                       lasso = null;
+       function _writePackedSFixed(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeSFixed32(arr[i]);
+         }
+       }
 
-                       select(window)
-                           .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.lasso', pointermove)
-                           .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.lasso', pointerup);
+       function _writePackedFixed2(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeFixed64(arr[i]);
+         }
+       }
 
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                   }
-               }
+       function _writePackedSFixed2(arr, pbf) {
+         for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+           pbf.writeSFixed64(arr[i]);
+         }
+       } // Buffer code below from https://github.com/feross/buffer, MIT-licensed
 
 
-               function pointermove() {
-                   if (!lasso) {
-                       lasso = uiLasso(context);
-                       context.surface().call(lasso);
-                   }
+       function readUInt32(buf, pos) {
+         return (buf[pos] | buf[pos + 1] << 8 | buf[pos + 2] << 16) + buf[pos + 3] * 0x1000000;
+       }
 
-                   lasso.p(context.map().mouse());
-               }
+       function writeInt32(buf, val, pos) {
+         buf[pos] = val;
+         buf[pos + 1] = val >>> 8;
+         buf[pos + 2] = val >>> 16;
+         buf[pos + 3] = val >>> 24;
+       }
 
+       function readInt32(buf, pos) {
+         return (buf[pos] | buf[pos + 1] << 8 | buf[pos + 2] << 16) + (buf[pos + 3] << 24);
+       }
 
-               function normalize(a, b) {
-                   return [
-                       [Math.min(a[0], b[0]), Math.min(a[1], b[1])],
-                       [Math.max(a[0], b[0]), Math.max(a[1], b[1])]
-                   ];
-               }
+       function readUtf8(buf, pos, end) {
+         var str = '';
+         var i = pos;
 
+         while (i < end) {
+           var b0 = buf[i];
+           var c = null; // codepoint
 
-               function lassoed() {
-                   if (!lasso) return [];
+           var bytesPerSequence = b0 > 0xEF ? 4 : b0 > 0xDF ? 3 : b0 > 0xBF ? 2 : 1;
+           if (i + bytesPerSequence > end) break;
+           var b1, b2, b3;
 
-                   var graph = context.graph();
-                   var limitToNodes;
+           if (bytesPerSequence === 1) {
+             if (b0 < 0x80) {
+               c = b0;
+             }
+           } else if (bytesPerSequence === 2) {
+             b1 = buf[i + 1];
 
-                   if (context.map().editableDataEnabled(true /* skipZoomCheck */) && context.map().isInWideSelection()) {
-                       // only select from the visible nodes
-                       limitToNodes = new Set(utilGetAllNodes(context.selectedIDs(), graph));
-                   } else if (!context.map().editableDataEnabled()) {
-                       return [];
-                   }
+             if ((b1 & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
+               c = (b0 & 0x1F) << 0x6 | b1 & 0x3F;
 
-                   var bounds = lasso.extent().map(context.projection.invert);
-                   var extent = geoExtent(normalize(bounds[0], bounds[1]));
+               if (c <= 0x7F) {
+                 c = null;
+               }
+             }
+           } else if (bytesPerSequence === 3) {
+             b1 = buf[i + 1];
+             b2 = buf[i + 2];
 
-                   var intersects = context.history().intersects(extent).filter(function(entity) {
-                       return entity.type === 'node' &&
-                           (!limitToNodes || limitToNodes.has(entity)) &&
-                           geoPointInPolygon(context.projection(entity.loc), lasso.coordinates) &&
-                           !context.features().isHidden(entity, graph, entity.geometry(graph));
-                   });
+             if ((b1 & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (b2 & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
+               c = (b0 & 0xF) << 0xC | (b1 & 0x3F) << 0x6 | b2 & 0x3F;
 
-                   // sort the lassoed nodes as best we can
-                   intersects.sort(function(node1, node2) {
-                       var parents1 = graph.parentWays(node1);
-                       var parents2 = graph.parentWays(node2);
-                       if (parents1.length && parents2.length) {
-                           // both nodes are vertices
-
-                           var sharedParents = utilArrayIntersection(parents1, parents2);
-                           if (sharedParents.length) {
-                               var sharedParentNodes = sharedParents[0].nodes;
-                               // vertices are members of the same way; sort them in their listed order
-                               return sharedParentNodes.indexOf(node1.id) -
-                                   sharedParentNodes.indexOf(node2.id);
-                           } else {
-                               // vertices do not share a way; group them by their respective parent ways
-                               return parseFloat(parents1[0].id.slice(1)) -
-                                   parseFloat(parents2[0].id.slice(1));
-                           }
+               if (c <= 0x7FF || c >= 0xD800 && c <= 0xDFFF) {
+                 c = null;
+               }
+             }
+           } else if (bytesPerSequence === 4) {
+             b1 = buf[i + 1];
+             b2 = buf[i + 2];
+             b3 = buf[i + 3];
 
-                       } else if (parents1.length || parents2.length) {
-                           // only one node is a vertex; sort standalone points before vertices
-                           return parents1.length - parents2.length;
-                       }
-                       // both nodes are standalone points; sort left to right
-                       return node1.loc[0] - node2.loc[0];
-                   });
+             if ((b1 & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (b2 & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (b3 & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
+               c = (b0 & 0xF) << 0x12 | (b1 & 0x3F) << 0xC | (b2 & 0x3F) << 0x6 | b3 & 0x3F;
 
-                   return intersects.map(function(entity) { return entity.id; });
+               if (c <= 0xFFFF || c >= 0x110000) {
+                 c = null;
                }
+             }
+           }
 
+           if (c === null) {
+             c = 0xFFFD;
+             bytesPerSequence = 1;
+           } else if (c > 0xFFFF) {
+             c -= 0x10000;
+             str += String.fromCharCode(c >>> 10 & 0x3FF | 0xD800);
+             c = 0xDC00 | c & 0x3FF;
+           }
 
-               function pointerup() {
-                   select(window)
-                       .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.lasso', null)
-                       .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.lasso', null);
+           str += String.fromCharCode(c);
+           i += bytesPerSequence;
+         }
 
-                   if (!lasso) return;
+         return str;
+       }
 
-                   var ids = lassoed();
-                   lasso.close();
+       function readUtf8TextDecoder(buf, pos, end) {
+         return utf8TextDecoder.decode(buf.subarray(pos, end));
+       }
 
-                   if (ids.length) {
-                       context.enter(modeSelect(context, ids));
-                   }
+       function writeUtf8(buf, str, pos) {
+         for (var i = 0, c, lead; i < str.length; i++) {
+           c = str.charCodeAt(i); // code point
+
+           if (c > 0xD7FF && c < 0xE000) {
+             if (lead) {
+               if (c < 0xDC00) {
+                 buf[pos++] = 0xEF;
+                 buf[pos++] = 0xBF;
+                 buf[pos++] = 0xBD;
+                 lead = c;
+                 continue;
+               } else {
+                 c = lead - 0xD800 << 10 | c - 0xDC00 | 0x10000;
+                 lead = null;
+               }
+             } else {
+               if (c > 0xDBFF || i + 1 === str.length) {
+                 buf[pos++] = 0xEF;
+                 buf[pos++] = 0xBF;
+                 buf[pos++] = 0xBD;
+               } else {
+                 lead = c;
                }
 
-               selection
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.lasso', pointerdown);
-           };
+               continue;
+             }
+           } else if (lead) {
+             buf[pos++] = 0xEF;
+             buf[pos++] = 0xBF;
+             buf[pos++] = 0xBD;
+             lead = null;
+           }
 
+           if (c < 0x80) {
+             buf[pos++] = c;
+           } else {
+             if (c < 0x800) {
+               buf[pos++] = c >> 0x6 | 0xC0;
+             } else {
+               if (c < 0x10000) {
+                 buf[pos++] = c >> 0xC | 0xE0;
+               } else {
+                 buf[pos++] = c >> 0x12 | 0xF0;
+                 buf[pos++] = c >> 0xC & 0x3F | 0x80;
+               }
 
-           behavior.off = function(selection) {
-               selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.lasso', null);
-           };
+               buf[pos++] = c >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80;
+             }
 
+             buf[pos++] = c & 0x3F | 0x80;
+           }
+         }
 
-           return behavior;
+         return pos;
        }
 
-       function modeBrowse(context) {
-           var mode = {
-               button: 'browse',
-               id: 'browse',
-               title: _t('modes.browse.title'),
-               description: _t('modes.browse.description')
-           };
-           var sidebar;
+       var vectorTile = {};
 
-           var _selectBehavior;
-           var _behaviors = [];
+       var pointGeometry = Point$1;
+       /**
+        * A standalone point geometry with useful accessor, comparison, and
+        * modification methods.
+        *
+        * @class Point
+        * @param {Number} x the x-coordinate. this could be longitude or screen
+        * pixels, or any other sort of unit.
+        * @param {Number} y the y-coordinate. this could be latitude or screen
+        * pixels, or any other sort of unit.
+        * @example
+        * var point = new Point(-77, 38);
+        */
 
+       function Point$1(x, y) {
+         this.x = x;
+         this.y = y;
+       }
 
-           mode.selectBehavior = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _selectBehavior;
-               _selectBehavior = val;
-               return mode;
-           };
+       Point$1.prototype = {
+         /**
+          * Clone this point, returning a new point that can be modified
+          * without affecting the old one.
+          * @return {Point} the clone
+          */
+         clone: function clone() {
+           return new Point$1(this.x, this.y);
+         },
 
+         /**
+          * Add this point's x & y coordinates to another point,
+          * yielding a new point.
+          * @param {Point} p the other point
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         add: function add(p) {
+           return this.clone()._add(p);
+         },
 
-           mode.enter = function() {
-               if (!_behaviors.length) {
-                   if (!_selectBehavior) _selectBehavior = behaviorSelect(context);
-                   _behaviors = [
-                       behaviorPaste(context),
-                       behaviorHover(context).on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hover),
-                       _selectBehavior,
-                       behaviorLasso(context),
-                       modeDragNode(context).behavior,
-                       modeDragNote(context).behavior
-                   ];
-               }
-               _behaviors.forEach(context.install);
+         /**
+          * Subtract this point's x & y coordinates to from point,
+          * yielding a new point.
+          * @param {Point} p the other point
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         sub: function sub(p) {
+           return this.clone()._sub(p);
+         },
 
-               // Get focus on the body.
-               if (document.activeElement && document.activeElement.blur) {
-                   document.activeElement.blur();
-               }
+         /**
+          * Multiply this point's x & y coordinates by point,
+          * yielding a new point.
+          * @param {Point} p the other point
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         multByPoint: function multByPoint(p) {
+           return this.clone()._multByPoint(p);
+         },
 
-               if (sidebar) {
-                   context.ui().sidebar.show(sidebar);
-               } else {
-                   context.ui().sidebar.select(null);
-               }
-           };
+         /**
+          * Divide this point's x & y coordinates by point,
+          * yielding a new point.
+          * @param {Point} p the other point
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         divByPoint: function divByPoint(p) {
+           return this.clone()._divByPoint(p);
+         },
 
+         /**
+          * Multiply this point's x & y coordinates by a factor,
+          * yielding a new point.
+          * @param {Point} k factor
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         mult: function mult(k) {
+           return this.clone()._mult(k);
+         },
 
-           mode.exit = function() {
-               context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
-               _behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
+         /**
+          * Divide this point's x & y coordinates by a factor,
+          * yielding a new point.
+          * @param {Point} k factor
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         div: function div(k) {
+           return this.clone()._div(k);
+         },
 
-               if (sidebar) {
-                   context.ui().sidebar.hide();
-               }
-           };
+         /**
+          * Rotate this point around the 0, 0 origin by an angle a,
+          * given in radians
+          * @param {Number} a angle to rotate around, in radians
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         rotate: function rotate(a) {
+           return this.clone()._rotate(a);
+         },
 
+         /**
+          * Rotate this point around p point by an angle a,
+          * given in radians
+          * @param {Number} a angle to rotate around, in radians
+          * @param {Point} p Point to rotate around
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         rotateAround: function rotateAround(a, p) {
+           return this.clone()._rotateAround(a, p);
+         },
 
-           mode.sidebar = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return sidebar;
-               sidebar = _;
-               return mode;
-           };
+         /**
+          * Multiply this point by a 4x1 transformation matrix
+          * @param {Array<Number>} m transformation matrix
+          * @return {Point} output point
+          */
+         matMult: function matMult(m) {
+           return this.clone()._matMult(m);
+         },
 
+         /**
+          * Calculate this point but as a unit vector from 0, 0, meaning
+          * that the distance from the resulting point to the 0, 0
+          * coordinate will be equal to 1 and the angle from the resulting
+          * point to the 0, 0 coordinate will be the same as before.
+          * @return {Point} unit vector point
+          */
+         unit: function unit() {
+           return this.clone()._unit();
+         },
 
-           mode.operations = function() {
-               return [operationPaste(context)];
-           };
+         /**
+          * Compute a perpendicular point, where the new y coordinate
+          * is the old x coordinate and the new x coordinate is the old y
+          * coordinate multiplied by -1
+          * @return {Point} perpendicular point
+          */
+         perp: function perp() {
+           return this.clone()._perp();
+         },
 
+         /**
+          * Return a version of this point with the x & y coordinates
+          * rounded to integers.
+          * @return {Point} rounded point
+          */
+         round: function round() {
+           return this.clone()._round();
+         },
 
-           return mode;
-       }
+         /**
+          * Return the magitude of this point: this is the Euclidean
+          * distance from the 0, 0 coordinate to this point's x and y
+          * coordinates.
+          * @return {Number} magnitude
+          */
+         mag: function mag() {
+           return Math.sqrt(this.x * this.x + this.y * this.y);
+         },
 
-       function behaviorAddWay(context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('start', 'startFromWay', 'startFromNode');
-           var draw = behaviorDraw(context);
+         /**
+          * Judge whether this point is equal to another point, returning
+          * true or false.
+          * @param {Point} other the other point
+          * @return {boolean} whether the points are equal
+          */
+         equals: function equals(other) {
+           return this.x === other.x && this.y === other.y;
+         },
 
-           function behavior(surface) {
-               draw.on('click', function() { dispatch$1.apply('start', this, arguments); })
-                   .on('clickWay', function() { dispatch$1.apply('startFromWay', this, arguments); })
-                   .on('clickNode', function() { dispatch$1.apply('startFromNode', this, arguments); })
-                   .on('cancel', behavior.cancel)
-                   .on('finish', behavior.cancel);
+         /**
+          * Calculate the distance from this point to another point
+          * @param {Point} p the other point
+          * @return {Number} distance
+          */
+         dist: function dist(p) {
+           return Math.sqrt(this.distSqr(p));
+         },
 
-               context.map()
-                   .dblclickZoomEnable(false);
+         /**
+          * Calculate the distance from this point to another point,
+          * without the square root step. Useful if you're comparing
+          * relative distances.
+          * @param {Point} p the other point
+          * @return {Number} distance
+          */
+         distSqr: function distSqr(p) {
+           var dx = p.x - this.x,
+               dy = p.y - this.y;
+           return dx * dx + dy * dy;
+         },
 
-               surface.call(draw);
-           }
+         /**
+          * Get the angle from the 0, 0 coordinate to this point, in radians
+          * coordinates.
+          * @return {Number} angle
+          */
+         angle: function angle() {
+           return Math.atan2(this.y, this.x);
+         },
 
+         /**
+          * Get the angle from this point to another point, in radians
+          * @param {Point} b the other point
+          * @return {Number} angle
+          */
+         angleTo: function angleTo(b) {
+           return Math.atan2(this.y - b.y, this.x - b.x);
+         },
 
-           behavior.off = function(surface) {
-               surface.call(draw.off);
-           };
+         /**
+          * Get the angle between this point and another point, in radians
+          * @param {Point} b the other point
+          * @return {Number} angle
+          */
+         angleWith: function angleWith(b) {
+           return this.angleWithSep(b.x, b.y);
+         },
 
+         /*
+          * Find the angle of the two vectors, solving the formula for
+          * the cross product a x b = |a||b|sin(θ) for θ.
+          * @param {Number} x the x-coordinate
+          * @param {Number} y the y-coordinate
+          * @return {Number} the angle in radians
+          */
+         angleWithSep: function angleWithSep(x, y) {
+           return Math.atan2(this.x * y - this.y * x, this.x * x + this.y * y);
+         },
+         _matMult: function _matMult(m) {
+           var x = m[0] * this.x + m[1] * this.y,
+               y = m[2] * this.x + m[3] * this.y;
+           this.x = x;
+           this.y = y;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _add: function _add(p) {
+           this.x += p.x;
+           this.y += p.y;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _sub: function _sub(p) {
+           this.x -= p.x;
+           this.y -= p.y;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _mult: function _mult(k) {
+           this.x *= k;
+           this.y *= k;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _div: function _div(k) {
+           this.x /= k;
+           this.y /= k;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _multByPoint: function _multByPoint(p) {
+           this.x *= p.x;
+           this.y *= p.y;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _divByPoint: function _divByPoint(p) {
+           this.x /= p.x;
+           this.y /= p.y;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _unit: function _unit() {
+           this._div(this.mag());
 
-           behavior.cancel = function() {
-               window.setTimeout(function() {
-                   context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
-               }, 1000);
+           return this;
+         },
+         _perp: function _perp() {
+           var y = this.y;
+           this.y = this.x;
+           this.x = -y;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _rotate: function _rotate(angle) {
+           var cos = Math.cos(angle),
+               sin = Math.sin(angle),
+               x = cos * this.x - sin * this.y,
+               y = sin * this.x + cos * this.y;
+           this.x = x;
+           this.y = y;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _rotateAround: function _rotateAround(angle, p) {
+           var cos = Math.cos(angle),
+               sin = Math.sin(angle),
+               x = p.x + cos * (this.x - p.x) - sin * (this.y - p.y),
+               y = p.y + sin * (this.x - p.x) + cos * (this.y - p.y);
+           this.x = x;
+           this.y = y;
+           return this;
+         },
+         _round: function _round() {
+           this.x = Math.round(this.x);
+           this.y = Math.round(this.y);
+           return this;
+         }
+       };
+       /**
+        * Construct a point from an array if necessary, otherwise if the input
+        * is already a Point, or an unknown type, return it unchanged
+        * @param {Array<Number>|Point|*} a any kind of input value
+        * @return {Point} constructed point, or passed-through value.
+        * @example
+        * // this
+        * var point = Point.convert([0, 1]);
+        * // is equivalent to
+        * var point = new Point(0, 1);
+        */
 
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-           };
+       Point$1.convert = function (a) {
+         if (a instanceof Point$1) {
+           return a;
+         }
 
+         if (Array.isArray(a)) {
+           return new Point$1(a[0], a[1]);
+         }
 
-           return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+         return a;
+       };
 
-       function behaviorHash(context) {
+       var Point = pointGeometry;
+       var vectortilefeature = VectorTileFeature$1;
 
-           // cached window.location.hash
-           var _cachedHash = null;
-           // allowable latitude range
-           var _latitudeLimit = 90 - 1e-8;
-
-           function computedHashParameters() {
-               var map = context.map();
-               var center = map.center();
-               var zoom = map.zoom();
-               var precision = Math.max(0, Math.ceil(Math.log(zoom) / Math.LN2));
-               var oldParams = utilObjectOmit(utilStringQs(window.location.hash),
-                   ['comment', 'source', 'hashtags', 'walkthrough']
-               );
-               var newParams = {};
+       function VectorTileFeature$1(pbf, end, extent, keys, values) {
+         // Public
+         this.properties = {};
+         this.extent = extent;
+         this.type = 0; // Private
 
-               delete oldParams.id;
-               var selected = context.selectedIDs().filter(function(id) {
-                   return context.hasEntity(id);
-               });
-               if (selected.length) {
-                   newParams.id = selected.join(',');
-               }
+         this._pbf = pbf;
+         this._geometry = -1;
+         this._keys = keys;
+         this._values = values;
+         pbf.readFields(readFeature, this, end);
+       }
 
-               newParams.map = zoom.toFixed(2) +
-                   '/' + center[1].toFixed(precision) +
-                   '/' + center[0].toFixed(precision);
+       function readFeature(tag, feature, pbf) {
+         if (tag == 1) feature.id = pbf.readVarint();else if (tag == 2) readTag(pbf, feature);else if (tag == 3) feature.type = pbf.readVarint();else if (tag == 4) feature._geometry = pbf.pos;
+       }
 
-               return Object.assign(oldParams, newParams);
-           }
+       function readTag(pbf, feature) {
+         var end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos;
 
-           function computedHash() {
-               return '#' + utilQsString(computedHashParameters(), true);
-           }
+         while (pbf.pos < end) {
+           var key = feature._keys[pbf.readVarint()],
+               value = feature._values[pbf.readVarint()];
 
-           function computedTitle(includeChangeCount) {
+           feature.properties[key] = value;
+         }
+       }
 
-               var baseTitle = context.documentTitleBase() || 'iD';
-               var contextual;
-               var changeCount;
-               var titleID;
+       VectorTileFeature$1.types = ['Unknown', 'Point', 'LineString', 'Polygon'];
 
-               var selected = context.selectedIDs().filter(function(id) {
-                   return context.hasEntity(id);
-               });
-               if (selected.length) {
-                   var firstLabel = utilDisplayLabel(context.entity(selected[0]), context.graph());
-                   if (selected.length > 1 ) {
-                       contextual = _t('title.labeled_and_more', {
-                           labeled: firstLabel,
-                           count: (selected.length - 1).toString()
-                       });
-                   } else {
-                       contextual = firstLabel;
-                   }
-                   titleID = 'context';
-               }
+       VectorTileFeature$1.prototype.loadGeometry = function () {
+         var pbf = this._pbf;
+         pbf.pos = this._geometry;
+         var end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos,
+             cmd = 1,
+             length = 0,
+             x = 0,
+             y = 0,
+             lines = [],
+             line;
 
-               if (includeChangeCount) {
-                   changeCount = context.history().difference().summary().length;
-                   if (changeCount > 0) {
-                       titleID = contextual ? 'changes_context' : 'changes';
-                   }
-               }
+         while (pbf.pos < end) {
+           if (length <= 0) {
+             var cmdLen = pbf.readVarint();
+             cmd = cmdLen & 0x7;
+             length = cmdLen >> 3;
+           }
 
-               if (titleID) {
-                   return _t('title.format.' + titleID, {
-                       changes: changeCount,
-                       base: baseTitle,
-                       context: contextual
-                   });
-               }
+           length--;
 
-               return baseTitle;
-           }
+           if (cmd === 1 || cmd === 2) {
+             x += pbf.readSVarint();
+             y += pbf.readSVarint();
 
-           function updateTitle(includeChangeCount) {
-               if (!context.setsDocumentTitle()) return;
+             if (cmd === 1) {
+               // moveTo
+               if (line) lines.push(line);
+               line = [];
+             }
 
-               var newTitle = computedTitle(includeChangeCount);
-               if (document.title !== newTitle) {
-                   document.title = newTitle;
-               }
+             line.push(new Point(x, y));
+           } else if (cmd === 7) {
+             // Workaround for https://github.com/mapbox/mapnik-vector-tile/issues/90
+             if (line) {
+               line.push(line[0].clone()); // closePolygon
+             }
+           } else {
+             throw new Error('unknown command ' + cmd);
            }
+         }
 
-           function updateHashIfNeeded() {
-               if (context.inIntro()) return;
-
-               var latestHash = computedHash();
-               if (_cachedHash !== latestHash) {
-                   _cachedHash = latestHash;
+         if (line) lines.push(line);
+         return lines;
+       };
 
-                   // Update the URL hash without affecting the browser navigation stack,
-                   // though unavoidably creating a browser history entry
-                   window.history.replaceState(null, computedTitle(false /* includeChangeCount */), latestHash);
+       VectorTileFeature$1.prototype.bbox = function () {
+         var pbf = this._pbf;
+         pbf.pos = this._geometry;
+         var end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos,
+             cmd = 1,
+             length = 0,
+             x = 0,
+             y = 0,
+             x1 = Infinity,
+             x2 = -Infinity,
+             y1 = Infinity,
+             y2 = -Infinity;
 
-                   // set the title we want displayed for the browser tab/window
-                   updateTitle(true /* includeChangeCount */);
-               }
+         while (pbf.pos < end) {
+           if (length <= 0) {
+             var cmdLen = pbf.readVarint();
+             cmd = cmdLen & 0x7;
+             length = cmdLen >> 3;
            }
 
-           var _throttledUpdate = throttle(updateHashIfNeeded, 500);
-           var _throttledUpdateTitle = throttle(function() {
-               updateTitle(true /* includeChangeCount */);
-           }, 500);
+           length--;
 
-           function hashchange() {
+           if (cmd === 1 || cmd === 2) {
+             x += pbf.readSVarint();
+             y += pbf.readSVarint();
+             if (x < x1) x1 = x;
+             if (x > x2) x2 = x;
+             if (y < y1) y1 = y;
+             if (y > y2) y2 = y;
+           } else if (cmd !== 7) {
+             throw new Error('unknown command ' + cmd);
+           }
+         }
 
-               // ignore spurious hashchange events
-               if (window.location.hash === _cachedHash) return;
+         return [x1, y1, x2, y2];
+       };
 
-               _cachedHash = window.location.hash;
+       VectorTileFeature$1.prototype.toGeoJSON = function (x, y, z) {
+         var size = this.extent * Math.pow(2, z),
+             x0 = this.extent * x,
+             y0 = this.extent * y,
+             coords = this.loadGeometry(),
+             type = VectorTileFeature$1.types[this.type],
+             i,
+             j;
 
-               var q = utilStringQs(_cachedHash);
-               var mapArgs = (q.map || '').split('/').map(Number);
+         function project(line) {
+           for (var j = 0; j < line.length; j++) {
+             var p = line[j],
+                 y2 = 180 - (p.y + y0) * 360 / size;
+             line[j] = [(p.x + x0) * 360 / size - 180, 360 / Math.PI * Math.atan(Math.exp(y2 * Math.PI / 180)) - 90];
+           }
+         }
 
-               if (mapArgs.length < 3 || mapArgs.some(isNaN)) {
-                   // replace bogus hash
-                   updateHashIfNeeded();
+         switch (this.type) {
+           case 1:
+             var points = [];
 
-               } else {
-                   // don't update if the new hash already reflects the state of iD
-                   if (_cachedHash === computedHash()) return;
+             for (i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
+               points[i] = coords[i][0];
+             }
 
-                   var mode = context.mode();
+             coords = points;
+             project(coords);
+             break;
 
-                   context.map().centerZoom([mapArgs[2], Math.min(_latitudeLimit, Math.max(-_latitudeLimit, mapArgs[1]))], mapArgs[0]);
+           case 2:
+             for (i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
+               project(coords[i]);
+             }
 
-                   if (q.id) {
-                       var ids = q.id.split(',').filter(function(id) {
-                           return context.hasEntity(id);
-                       });
-                       var skip = mode && mode.id === 'select' && utilArrayIdentical(mode.selectedIDs(), ids);
-                       if (ids.length && !skip) {
-                           context.enter(modeSelect(context, ids));
-                           return;
-                       }
-                   }
+             break;
 
-                   var center = context.map().center();
-                   var dist = geoSphericalDistance(center, [mapArgs[2], mapArgs[1]]);
-                   var maxdist = 500;
+           case 3:
+             coords = classifyRings(coords);
 
-                   // Don't allow the hash location to change too much while drawing
-                   // This can happen if the user accidently hit the back button.  #3996
-                   if (mode && mode.id.match(/^draw/) !== null && dist > maxdist) {
-                       context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-                       return;
-                   }
+             for (i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
+               for (j = 0; j < coords[i].length; j++) {
+                 project(coords[i][j]);
                }
-           }
-
-           function behavior() {
-               context.map()
-                   .on('move.behaviorHash', _throttledUpdate);
+             }
 
-               context.history()
-                   .on('change.behaviorHash', _throttledUpdateTitle);
+             break;
+         }
 
-               context
-                   .on('enter.behaviorHash', _throttledUpdate);
+         if (coords.length === 1) {
+           coords = coords[0];
+         } else {
+           type = 'Multi' + type;
+         }
 
-               select(window)
-                   .on('hashchange.behaviorHash', hashchange);
+         var result = {
+           type: "Feature",
+           geometry: {
+             type: type,
+             coordinates: coords
+           },
+           properties: this.properties
+         };
 
-               if (window.location.hash) {
-                   var q = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+         if ('id' in this) {
+           result.id = this.id;
+         }
 
-                   if (q.id) {
-                       //if (!context.history().hasRestorableChanges()) {
-                           // targeting specific features: download, select, and zoom to them
-                           context.zoomToEntity(q.id.split(',')[0], !q.map);
-                       //}
-                   }
+         return result;
+       }; // classifies an array of rings into polygons with outer rings and holes
 
-                   if (q.walkthrough === 'true') {
-                       behavior.startWalkthrough = true;
-                   }
 
-                   if (q.map) {
-                       behavior.hadHash = true;
-                   }
+       function classifyRings(rings) {
+         var len = rings.length;
+         if (len <= 1) return [rings];
+         var polygons = [],
+             polygon,
+             ccw;
 
-                   hashchange();
+         for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+           var area = signedArea(rings[i]);
+           if (area === 0) continue;
+           if (ccw === undefined) ccw = area < 0;
 
-                   updateTitle(false);
-               }
+           if (ccw === area < 0) {
+             if (polygon) polygons.push(polygon);
+             polygon = [rings[i]];
+           } else {
+             polygon.push(rings[i]);
            }
+         }
 
-           behavior.off = function() {
-               _throttledUpdate.cancel();
-               _throttledUpdateTitle.cancel();
-
-               context.map()
-                   .on('move.behaviorHash', null);
-
-               context
-                   .on('enter.behaviorHash', null);
+         if (polygon) polygons.push(polygon);
+         return polygons;
+       }
 
-               select(window)
-                   .on('hashchange.behaviorHash', null);
+       function signedArea(ring) {
+         var sum = 0;
 
-               window.location.hash = '';
-           };
+         for (var i = 0, len = ring.length, j = len - 1, p1, p2; i < len; j = i++) {
+           p1 = ring[i];
+           p2 = ring[j];
+           sum += (p2.x - p1.x) * (p1.y + p2.y);
+         }
 
-           return behavior;
+         return sum;
        }
 
-       /*
-           iD.coreDifference represents the difference between two graphs.
-           It knows how to calculate the set of entities that were
-           created, modified, or deleted, and also contains the logic
-           for recursively extending a difference to the complete set
-           of entities that will require a redraw, taking into account
-           child and parent relationships.
-        */
-       function coreDifference(base, head) {
-           var _changes = {};
-           var _didChange = {};  // 'addition', 'deletion', 'geometry', 'properties'
-           var _diff = {};
+       var VectorTileFeature = vectortilefeature;
+       var vectortilelayer = VectorTileLayer$1;
 
-           function checkEntityID(id) {
-               var h = head.entities[id];
-               var b = base.entities[id];
+       function VectorTileLayer$1(pbf, end) {
+         // Public
+         this.version = 1;
+         this.name = null;
+         this.extent = 4096;
+         this.length = 0; // Private
 
-               if (h === b) return;
-               if (_changes[id]) return;
+         this._pbf = pbf;
+         this._keys = [];
+         this._values = [];
+         this._features = [];
+         pbf.readFields(readLayer, this, end);
+         this.length = this._features.length;
+       }
 
-               if (!h && b) {
-                   _changes[id] = { base: b, head: h };
-                   _didChange.deletion = true;
-                   return;
-               }
-               if (h && !b) {
-                   _changes[id] = { base: b, head: h };
-                   _didChange.addition = true;
-                   return;
-               }
+       function readLayer(tag, layer, pbf) {
+         if (tag === 15) layer.version = pbf.readVarint();else if (tag === 1) layer.name = pbf.readString();else if (tag === 5) layer.extent = pbf.readVarint();else if (tag === 2) layer._features.push(pbf.pos);else if (tag === 3) layer._keys.push(pbf.readString());else if (tag === 4) layer._values.push(readValueMessage(pbf));
+       }
 
-               if (h && b) {
-                   if (h.members && b.members && !fastDeepEqual(h.members, b.members)) {
-                       _changes[id] = { base: b, head: h };
-                       _didChange.geometry = true;
-                       _didChange.properties = true;
-                       return;
-                   }
-                   if (h.loc && b.loc && !geoVecEqual(h.loc, b.loc)) {
-                       _changes[id] = { base: b, head: h };
-                       _didChange.geometry = true;
-                   }
-                   if (h.nodes && b.nodes && !fastDeepEqual(h.nodes, b.nodes)) {
-                       _changes[id] = { base: b, head: h };
-                       _didChange.geometry = true;
-                   }
-                   if (h.tags && b.tags && !fastDeepEqual(h.tags, b.tags)) {
-                       _changes[id] = { base: b, head: h };
-                       _didChange.properties = true;
-                   }
-               }
-           }
+       function readValueMessage(pbf) {
+         var value = null,
+             end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos;
 
-           function load() {
-               // HOT CODE: there can be many thousands of downloaded entities, so looping
-               // through them all can become a performance bottleneck. Optimize by
-               // resolving duplicates and using a basic `for` loop
-               var ids = utilArrayUniq(Object.keys(head.entities).concat(Object.keys(base.entities)));
-               for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
-                   checkEntityID(ids[i]);
-               }
-           }
-           load();
+         while (pbf.pos < end) {
+           var tag = pbf.readVarint() >> 3;
+           value = tag === 1 ? pbf.readString() : tag === 2 ? pbf.readFloat() : tag === 3 ? pbf.readDouble() : tag === 4 ? pbf.readVarint64() : tag === 5 ? pbf.readVarint() : tag === 6 ? pbf.readSVarint() : tag === 7 ? pbf.readBoolean() : null;
+         }
 
+         return value;
+       } // return feature `i` from this layer as a `VectorTileFeature`
 
-           _diff.length = function length() {
-               return Object.keys(_changes).length;
-           };
 
+       VectorTileLayer$1.prototype.feature = function (i) {
+         if (i < 0 || i >= this._features.length) throw new Error('feature index out of bounds');
+         this._pbf.pos = this._features[i];
 
-           _diff.changes = function changes() {
-               return _changes;
-           };
+         var end = this._pbf.readVarint() + this._pbf.pos;
 
-           _diff.didChange = _didChange;
+         return new VectorTileFeature(this._pbf, end, this.extent, this._keys, this._values);
+       };
 
+       var VectorTileLayer = vectortilelayer;
+       var vectortile = VectorTile$1;
 
-           // pass true to include affected relation members
-           _diff.extantIDs = function extantIDs(includeRelMembers) {
-               var result = new Set();
-               Object.keys(_changes).forEach(function(id) {
-                   if (_changes[id].head) {
-                       result.add(id);
-                   }
+       function VectorTile$1(pbf, end) {
+         this.layers = pbf.readFields(readTile, {}, end);
+       }
 
-                   var h = _changes[id].head;
-                   var b = _changes[id].base;
-                   var entity = h || b;
+       function readTile(tag, layers, pbf) {
+         if (tag === 3) {
+           var layer = new VectorTileLayer(pbf, pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos);
+           if (layer.length) layers[layer.name] = layer;
+         }
+       }
 
-                   if (includeRelMembers && entity.type === 'relation') {
-                       var mh = h ? h.members.map(function(m) { return m.id; }) : [];
-                       var mb = b ? b.members.map(function(m) { return m.id; }) : [];
-                       utilArrayUnion(mh, mb).forEach(function(memberID) {
-                           if (head.hasEntity(memberID)) {
-                               result.add(memberID);
-                           }
-                       });
-                   }
-               });
+       var VectorTile = vectorTile.VectorTile = vectortile;
+       vectorTile.VectorTileFeature = vectortilefeature;
+       vectorTile.VectorTileLayer = vectortilelayer;
 
-               return Array.from(result);
-           };
+       var accessToken = 'MLY|4100327730013843|5bb78b81720791946a9a7b956c57b7cf';
+       var apiUrl = 'https://graph.mapillary.com/';
+       var baseTileUrl = 'https://tiles.mapillary.com/maps/vtp';
+       var mapFeatureTileUrl = "".concat(baseTileUrl, "/mly_map_feature_point/2/{z}/{x}/{y}?access_token=").concat(accessToken);
+       var tileUrl = "".concat(baseTileUrl, "/mly1_public/2/{z}/{x}/{y}?access_token=").concat(accessToken);
+       var trafficSignTileUrl = "".concat(baseTileUrl, "/mly_map_feature_traffic_sign/2/{z}/{x}/{y}?access_token=").concat(accessToken);
+       var viewercss = 'mapillary-js/mapillary.css';
+       var viewerjs = 'mapillary-js/mapillary.js';
+       var minZoom$1 = 14;
+       var dispatch$4 = dispatch$8('change', 'loadedImages', 'loadedSigns', 'loadedMapFeatures', 'bearingChanged', 'imageChanged');
 
+       var _loadViewerPromise$2;
 
-           _diff.modified = function modified() {
-               var result = [];
-               Object.values(_changes).forEach(function(change) {
-                   if (change.base && change.head) {
-                       result.push(change.head);
-                   }
-               });
-               return result;
-           };
+       var _mlyActiveImage;
 
+       var _mlyCache;
 
-           _diff.created = function created() {
-               var result = [];
-               Object.values(_changes).forEach(function(change) {
-                   if (!change.base && change.head) {
-                       result.push(change.head);
-                   }
-               });
-               return result;
-           };
+       var _mlyFallback = false;
 
+       var _mlyHighlightedDetection;
 
-           _diff.deleted = function deleted() {
-               var result = [];
-               Object.values(_changes).forEach(function(change) {
-                   if (change.base && !change.head) {
-                       result.push(change.base);
-                   }
-               });
-               return result;
-           };
+       var _mlyShowFeatureDetections = false;
+       var _mlyShowSignDetections = false;
 
+       var _mlyViewer;
 
-           _diff.summary = function summary() {
-               var relevant = {};
+       var _mlyViewerFilter = ['all']; // Load all data for the specified type from Mapillary vector tiles
 
-               var keys = Object.keys(_changes);
-               for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
-                   var change = _changes[keys[i]];
+       function loadTiles$2(which, url, maxZoom, projection) {
+         var tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([minZoom$1, maxZoom]).skipNullIsland(true);
+         var tiles = tiler.getTiles(projection);
+         tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+           loadTile$1(which, url, tile);
+         });
+       } // Load all data for the specified type from one vector tile
+
+
+       function loadTile$1(which, url, tile) {
+         var cache = _mlyCache.requests;
+         var tileId = "".concat(tile.id, "-").concat(which);
+         if (cache.loaded[tileId] || cache.inflight[tileId]) return;
+         var controller = new AbortController();
+         cache.inflight[tileId] = controller;
+         var requestUrl = url.replace('{x}', tile.xyz[0]).replace('{y}', tile.xyz[1]).replace('{z}', tile.xyz[2]);
+         fetch(requestUrl, {
+           signal: controller.signal
+         }).then(function (response) {
+           if (!response.ok) {
+             throw new Error(response.status + ' ' + response.statusText);
+           }
+
+           cache.loaded[tileId] = true;
+           delete cache.inflight[tileId];
+           return response.arrayBuffer();
+         }).then(function (data) {
+           if (!data) {
+             throw new Error('No Data');
+           }
+
+           loadTileDataToCache(data, tile, which);
+
+           if (which === 'images') {
+             dispatch$4.call('loadedImages');
+           } else if (which === 'signs') {
+             dispatch$4.call('loadedSigns');
+           } else if (which === 'points') {
+             dispatch$4.call('loadedMapFeatures');
+           }
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           cache.loaded[tileId] = true;
+           delete cache.inflight[tileId];
+         });
+       } // Load the data from the vector tile into cache
 
-                   if (change.head && change.head.geometry(head) !== 'vertex') {
-                       addEntity(change.head, head, change.base ? 'modified' : 'created');
 
-                   } else if (change.base && change.base.geometry(base) !== 'vertex') {
-                       addEntity(change.base, base, 'deleted');
+       function loadTileDataToCache(data, tile, which) {
+         var vectorTile = new VectorTile(new pbf(data));
+         var features, cache, layer, i, feature, loc, d;
 
-                   } else if (change.base && change.head) { // modified vertex
-                       var moved    = !fastDeepEqual(change.base.loc,  change.head.loc);
-                       var retagged = !fastDeepEqual(change.base.tags, change.head.tags);
+         if (vectorTile.layers.hasOwnProperty('image')) {
+           features = [];
+           cache = _mlyCache.images;
+           layer = vectorTile.layers.image;
 
-                       if (moved) {
-                           addParents(change.head);
-                       }
+           for (i = 0; i < layer.length; i++) {
+             feature = layer.feature(i).toGeoJSON(tile.xyz[0], tile.xyz[1], tile.xyz[2]);
+             loc = feature.geometry.coordinates;
+             d = {
+               loc: loc,
+               captured_at: feature.properties.captured_at,
+               ca: feature.properties.compass_angle,
+               id: feature.properties.id,
+               is_pano: feature.properties.is_pano,
+               sequence_id: feature.properties.sequence_id
+             };
+             cache.forImageId[d.id] = d;
+             features.push({
+               minX: loc[0],
+               minY: loc[1],
+               maxX: loc[0],
+               maxY: loc[1],
+               data: d
+             });
+           }
 
-                       if (retagged || (moved && change.head.hasInterestingTags())) {
-                           addEntity(change.head, head, 'modified');
-                       }
+           if (cache.rtree) {
+             cache.rtree.load(features);
+           }
+         }
 
-                   } else if (change.head && change.head.hasInterestingTags()) { // created vertex
-                       addEntity(change.head, head, 'created');
+         if (vectorTile.layers.hasOwnProperty('sequence')) {
+           features = [];
+           cache = _mlyCache.sequences;
+           layer = vectorTile.layers.sequence;
 
-                   } else if (change.base && change.base.hasInterestingTags()) { // deleted vertex
-                       addEntity(change.base, base, 'deleted');
-                   }
-               }
+           for (i = 0; i < layer.length; i++) {
+             feature = layer.feature(i).toGeoJSON(tile.xyz[0], tile.xyz[1], tile.xyz[2]);
 
-               return Object.values(relevant);
+             if (cache.lineString[feature.properties.id]) {
+               cache.lineString[feature.properties.id].push(feature);
+             } else {
+               cache.lineString[feature.properties.id] = [feature];
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
+         if (vectorTile.layers.hasOwnProperty('point')) {
+           features = [];
+           cache = _mlyCache[which];
+           layer = vectorTile.layers.point;
 
-               function addEntity(entity, graph, changeType) {
-                   relevant[entity.id] = {
-                       entity: entity,
-                       graph: graph,
-                       changeType: changeType
-                   };
-               }
+           for (i = 0; i < layer.length; i++) {
+             feature = layer.feature(i).toGeoJSON(tile.xyz[0], tile.xyz[1], tile.xyz[2]);
+             loc = feature.geometry.coordinates;
+             d = {
+               loc: loc,
+               id: feature.properties.id,
+               first_seen_at: feature.properties.first_seen_at,
+               last_seen_at: feature.properties.last_seen_at,
+               value: feature.properties.value
+             };
+             features.push({
+               minX: loc[0],
+               minY: loc[1],
+               maxX: loc[0],
+               maxY: loc[1],
+               data: d
+             });
+           }
 
-               function addParents(entity) {
-                   var parents = head.parentWays(entity);
-                   for (var j = parents.length - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
-                       var parent = parents[j];
-                       if (!(parent.id in relevant)) {
-                           addEntity(parent, head, 'modified');
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
-           };
+           if (cache.rtree) {
+             cache.rtree.load(features);
+           }
+         }
 
+         if (vectorTile.layers.hasOwnProperty('traffic_sign')) {
+           features = [];
+           cache = _mlyCache[which];
+           layer = vectorTile.layers.traffic_sign;
 
-           // returns complete set of entities that require a redraw
-           //  (optionally within given `extent`)
-           _diff.complete = function complete(extent) {
-               var result = {};
-               var id, change;
+           for (i = 0; i < layer.length; i++) {
+             feature = layer.feature(i).toGeoJSON(tile.xyz[0], tile.xyz[1], tile.xyz[2]);
+             loc = feature.geometry.coordinates;
+             d = {
+               loc: loc,
+               id: feature.properties.id,
+               first_seen_at: feature.properties.first_seen_at,
+               last_seen_at: feature.properties.last_seen_at,
+               value: feature.properties.value
+             };
+             features.push({
+               minX: loc[0],
+               minY: loc[1],
+               maxX: loc[0],
+               maxY: loc[1],
+               data: d
+             });
+           }
 
-               for (id in _changes) {
-                   change = _changes[id];
+           if (cache.rtree) {
+             cache.rtree.load(features);
+           }
+         }
+       } // Get data from the API
 
-                   var h = change.head;
-                   var b = change.base;
-                   var entity = h || b;
-                   var i;
 
-                   if (extent &&
-                       (!h || !h.intersects(extent, head)) &&
-                       (!b || !b.intersects(extent, base)))
-                       continue;
+       function loadData(url) {
+         return fetch(url).then(function (response) {
+           if (!response.ok) {
+             throw new Error(response.status + ' ' + response.statusText);
+           }
 
-                   result[id] = h;
+           return response.json();
+         }).then(function (result) {
+           if (!result) {
+             return [];
+           }
 
-                   if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                       var nh = h ? h.nodes : [];
-                       var nb = b ? b.nodes : [];
-                       var diff;
+           return result.data || [];
+         });
+       } // Partition viewport into higher zoom tiles
 
-                       diff = utilArrayDifference(nh, nb);
-                       for (i = 0; i < diff.length; i++) {
-                           result[diff[i]] = head.hasEntity(diff[i]);
-                       }
 
-                       diff = utilArrayDifference(nb, nh);
-                       for (i = 0; i < diff.length; i++) {
-                           result[diff[i]] = head.hasEntity(diff[i]);
-                       }
-                   }
+       function partitionViewport$2(projection) {
+         var z = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+         var z2 = Math.ceil(z * 2) / 2 + 2.5; // round to next 0.5 and add 2.5
 
-                   if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
-                       var mh = h ? h.members.map(function(m) { return m.id; }) : [];
-                       var mb = b ? b.members.map(function(m) { return m.id; }) : [];
-                       var ids = utilArrayUnion(mh, mb);
-                       for (i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
-                           var member = head.hasEntity(ids[i]);
-                           if (!member) continue;   // not downloaded
-                           if (extent && !member.intersects(extent, head)) continue;   // not visible
-                           result[ids[i]] = member;
-                       }
-                   }
+         var tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([z2, z2]);
+         return tiler.getTiles(projection).map(function (tile) {
+           return tile.extent;
+         });
+       } // Return no more than `limit` results per partition.
 
-                   addParents(head.parentWays(entity), result);
-                   addParents(head.parentRelations(entity), result);
-               }
 
-               return result;
+       function searchLimited$2(limit, projection, rtree) {
+         limit = limit || 5;
+         return partitionViewport$2(projection).reduce(function (result, extent) {
+           var found = rtree.search(extent.bbox()).slice(0, limit).map(function (d) {
+             return d.data;
+           });
+           return found.length ? result.concat(found) : result;
+         }, []);
+       }
 
+       var serviceMapillary = {
+         // Initialize Mapillary
+         init: function init() {
+           if (!_mlyCache) {
+             this.reset();
+           }
 
-               function addParents(parents, result) {
-                   for (var i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
-                       var parent = parents[i];
-                       if (parent.id in result) continue;
+           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$4, 'on');
+         },
+         // Reset cache and state
+         reset: function reset() {
+           if (_mlyCache) {
+             Object.values(_mlyCache.requests.inflight).forEach(function (request) {
+               request.abort();
+             });
+           }
 
-                       result[parent.id] = parent;
-                       addParents(head.parentRelations(parent), result);
-                   }
-               }
+           _mlyCache = {
+             images: {
+               rtree: new RBush(),
+               forImageId: {}
+             },
+             image_detections: {
+               forImageId: {}
+             },
+             signs: {
+               rtree: new RBush()
+             },
+             points: {
+               rtree: new RBush()
+             },
+             sequences: {
+               rtree: new RBush(),
+               lineString: {}
+             },
+             requests: {
+               loaded: {},
+               inflight: {}
+             }
            };
+           _mlyActiveImage = null;
+         },
+         // Get visible images
+         images: function images(projection) {
+           var limit = 5;
+           return searchLimited$2(limit, projection, _mlyCache.images.rtree);
+         },
+         // Get visible traffic signs
+         signs: function signs(projection) {
+           var limit = 5;
+           return searchLimited$2(limit, projection, _mlyCache.signs.rtree);
+         },
+         // Get visible map (point) features
+         mapFeatures: function mapFeatures(projection) {
+           var limit = 5;
+           return searchLimited$2(limit, projection, _mlyCache.points.rtree);
+         },
+         // Get cached image by id
+         cachedImage: function cachedImage(imageId) {
+           return _mlyCache.images.forImageId[imageId];
+         },
+         // Get visible sequences
+         sequences: function sequences(projection) {
+           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
+           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
+           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
+           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+           var sequenceIds = {};
+           var lineStrings = [];
 
+           _mlyCache.images.rtree.search(bbox).forEach(function (d) {
+             if (d.data.sequence_id) {
+               sequenceIds[d.data.sequence_id] = true;
+             }
+           });
 
-           return _diff;
-       }
+           Object.keys(sequenceIds).forEach(function (sequenceId) {
+             if (_mlyCache.sequences.lineString[sequenceId]) {
+               lineStrings = lineStrings.concat(_mlyCache.sequences.lineString[sequenceId]);
+             }
+           });
+           return lineStrings;
+         },
+         // Load images in the visible area
+         loadImages: function loadImages(projection) {
+           loadTiles$2('images', tileUrl, 14, projection);
+         },
+         // Load traffic signs in the visible area
+         loadSigns: function loadSigns(projection) {
+           loadTiles$2('signs', trafficSignTileUrl, 14, projection);
+         },
+         // Load map (point) features in the visible area
+         loadMapFeatures: function loadMapFeatures(projection) {
+           loadTiles$2('points', mapFeatureTileUrl, 14, projection);
+         },
+         // Return a promise that resolves when the image viewer (Mapillary JS) library has finished loading
+         ensureViewerLoaded: function ensureViewerLoaded(context) {
+           if (_loadViewerPromise$2) return _loadViewerPromise$2; // add mly-wrapper
 
-       function coreTree(head) {
-           // tree for entities
-           var _rtree = new RBush();
-           var _bboxes = {};
+           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').selectAll('.mly-wrapper').data([0]);
+           wrap.enter().append('div').attr('id', 'ideditor-mly').attr('class', 'photo-wrapper mly-wrapper').classed('hide', true);
+           var that = this;
+           _loadViewerPromise$2 = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
+             var loadedCount = 0;
 
-           // maintain a separate tree for granular way segments
-           var _segmentsRTree = new RBush();
-           var _segmentsBBoxes = {};
-           var _segmentsByWayId = {};
+             function loaded() {
+               loadedCount += 1; // wait until both files are loaded
 
-           var tree = {};
+               if (loadedCount === 2) resolve();
+             }
 
+             var head = select('head'); // load mapillary-viewercss
 
-           function entityBBox(entity) {
-               var bbox = entity.extent(head).bbox();
-               bbox.id = entity.id;
-               _bboxes[entity.id] = bbox;
-               return bbox;
-           }
+             head.selectAll('#ideditor-mapillary-viewercss').data([0]).enter().append('link').attr('id', 'ideditor-mapillary-viewercss').attr('rel', 'stylesheet').attr('crossorigin', 'anonymous').attr('href', context.asset(viewercss)).on('load.serviceMapillary', loaded).on('error.serviceMapillary', function () {
+               reject();
+             }); // load mapillary-viewerjs
 
+             head.selectAll('#ideditor-mapillary-viewerjs').data([0]).enter().append('script').attr('id', 'ideditor-mapillary-viewerjs').attr('crossorigin', 'anonymous').attr('src', context.asset(viewerjs)).on('load.serviceMapillary', loaded).on('error.serviceMapillary', function () {
+               reject();
+             });
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             _loadViewerPromise$2 = null;
+           }).then(function () {
+             that.initViewer(context);
+           });
+           return _loadViewerPromise$2;
+         },
+         // Load traffic sign image sprites
+         loadSignResources: function loadSignResources(context) {
+           context.ui().svgDefs.addSprites(['mapillary-sprite'], false
+           /* don't override colors */
+           );
+           return this;
+         },
+         // Load map (point) feature image sprites
+         loadObjectResources: function loadObjectResources(context) {
+           context.ui().svgDefs.addSprites(['mapillary-object-sprite'], false
+           /* don't override colors */
+           );
+           return this;
+         },
+         // Remove previous detections in image viewer
+         resetTags: function resetTags() {
+           if (_mlyViewer && !_mlyFallback) {
+             _mlyViewer.getComponent('tag').removeAll();
+           }
+         },
+         // Show map feature detections in image viewer
+         showFeatureDetections: function showFeatureDetections(value) {
+           _mlyShowFeatureDetections = value;
 
-           function segmentBBox(segment) {
-               var extent = segment.extent(head);
-               // extent can be null if the node entites aren't in the graph for some reason
-               if (!extent) return null;
+           if (!_mlyShowFeatureDetections && !_mlyShowSignDetections) {
+             this.resetTags();
+           }
+         },
+         // Show traffic sign detections in image viewer
+         showSignDetections: function showSignDetections(value) {
+           _mlyShowSignDetections = value;
 
-               var bbox = extent.bbox();
-               bbox.segment = segment;
-               _segmentsBBoxes[segment.id] = bbox;
-               return bbox;
+           if (!_mlyShowFeatureDetections && !_mlyShowSignDetections) {
+             this.resetTags();
            }
+         },
+         // Apply filter to image viewer
+         filterViewer: function filterViewer(context) {
+           var showsPano = context.photos().showsPanoramic();
+           var showsFlat = context.photos().showsFlat();
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
+           var filter = ['all'];
+           if (!showsPano) filter.push(['!=', 'cameraType', 'spherical']);
+           if (!showsFlat && showsPano) filter.push(['==', 'pano', true]);
 
+           if (fromDate) {
+             filter.push(['>=', 'capturedAt', new Date(fromDate).getTime()]);
+           }
 
-           function removeEntity(entity) {
-               _rtree.remove(_bboxes[entity.id]);
-               delete _bboxes[entity.id];
+           if (toDate) {
+             filter.push(['>=', 'capturedAt', new Date(toDate).getTime()]);
+           }
 
-               if (_segmentsByWayId[entity.id]) {
-                   _segmentsByWayId[entity.id].forEach(function(segment) {
-                       _segmentsRTree.remove(_segmentsBBoxes[segment.id]);
-                       delete _segmentsBBoxes[segment.id];
-                   });
-                   delete _segmentsByWayId[entity.id];
-               }
+           if (_mlyViewer) {
+             _mlyViewer.setFilter(filter);
            }
 
+           _mlyViewerFilter = filter;
+           return filter;
+         },
+         // Make the image viewer visible
+         showViewer: function showViewer(context) {
+           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').classed('hide', false);
+           var isHidden = wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.mly-wrapper.hide').size();
 
-           function loadEntities(entities) {
-               _rtree.load(entities.map(entityBBox));
+           if (isHidden && _mlyViewer) {
+             wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper:not(.mly-wrapper)').classed('hide', true);
+             wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.mly-wrapper').classed('hide', false);
 
-               var segments = [];
-               entities.forEach(function(entity) {
-                   if (entity.segments) {
-                       var entitySegments = entity.segments(head);
-                       // cache these to make them easy to remove later
-                       _segmentsByWayId[entity.id] = entitySegments;
-                       segments = segments.concat(entitySegments);
-                   }
-               });
-               if (segments.length) _segmentsRTree.load(segments.map(segmentBBox).filter(Boolean));
+             _mlyViewer.resize();
            }
 
+           return this;
+         },
+         // Hide the image viewer and resets map markers
+         hideViewer: function hideViewer(context) {
+           _mlyActiveImage = null;
 
-           function updateParents(entity, insertions, memo) {
-               head.parentWays(entity).forEach(function(way) {
-                   if (_bboxes[way.id]) {
-                       removeEntity(way);
-                       insertions[way.id] = way;
-                   }
-                   updateParents(way, insertions, memo);
-               });
-
-               head.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function(relation) {
-                   if (memo[entity.id]) return;
-                   memo[entity.id] = true;
-                   if (_bboxes[relation.id]) {
-                       removeEntity(relation);
-                       insertions[relation.id] = relation;
-                   }
-                   updateParents(relation, insertions, memo);
-               });
+           if (!_mlyFallback && _mlyViewer) {
+             _mlyViewer.getComponent('sequence').stop();
            }
 
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(null);
+           viewer.classed('hide', true).selectAll('.photo-wrapper').classed('hide', true);
+           this.updateUrlImage(null);
+           dispatch$4.call('imageChanged');
+           dispatch$4.call('loadedMapFeatures');
+           dispatch$4.call('loadedSigns');
+           return this.setStyles(context, null);
+         },
+         // Update the URL with current image id
+         updateUrlImage: function updateUrlImage(imageId) {
+           if (!window.mocha) {
+             var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
 
-           tree.rebase = function(entities, force) {
-               var insertions = {};
-
-               for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-                   var entity = entities[i];
-                   if (!entity.visible) continue;
+             if (imageId) {
+               hash.photo = 'mapillary/' + imageId;
+             } else {
+               delete hash.photo;
+             }
 
-                   if (head.entities.hasOwnProperty(entity.id) || _bboxes[entity.id]) {
-                       if (!force) {
-                           continue;
-                       } else if (_bboxes[entity.id]) {
-                           removeEntity(entity);
-                       }
-                   }
+             window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
+           }
+         },
+         // Highlight the detection in the viewer that is related to the clicked map feature
+         highlightDetection: function highlightDetection(detection) {
+           if (detection) {
+             _mlyHighlightedDetection = detection.id;
+           }
 
-                   insertions[entity.id] = entity;
-                   updateParents(entity, insertions, {});
-               }
+           return this;
+         },
+         // Initialize image viewer (Mapillar JS)
+         initViewer: function initViewer(context) {
+           var that = this;
+           if (!window.mapillary) return;
+           var opts = {
+             accessToken: accessToken,
+             component: {
+               cover: false,
+               keyboard: false,
+               tag: true
+             },
+             container: 'ideditor-mly'
+           }; // Disable components requiring WebGL support
+
+           if (!mapillary.isSupported() && mapillary.isFallbackSupported()) {
+             _mlyFallback = true;
+             opts.component = {
+               cover: false,
+               direction: false,
+               imagePlane: false,
+               keyboard: false,
+               mouse: false,
+               sequence: false,
+               tag: false,
+               image: true,
+               // fallback
+               navigation: true // fallback
 
-               loadEntities(Object.values(insertions));
+             };
+           }
 
-               return tree;
-           };
+           _mlyViewer = new mapillary.Viewer(opts);
 
+           _mlyViewer.on('image', imageChanged);
 
-           function updateToGraph(graph) {
-               if (graph === head) return;
+           _mlyViewer.on('bearing', bearingChanged);
 
-               var diff = coreDifference(head, graph);
+           if (_mlyViewerFilter) {
+             _mlyViewer.setFilter(_mlyViewerFilter);
+           } // Register viewer resize handler
 
-               head = graph;
 
-               var changed = diff.didChange;
-               if (!changed.addition && !changed.deletion && !changed.geometry) return;
+           context.ui().photoviewer.on('resize.mapillary', function () {
+             if (_mlyViewer) _mlyViewer.resize();
+           }); // imageChanged: called after the viewer has changed images and is ready.
 
-               var insertions = {};
+           function imageChanged(node) {
+             that.resetTags();
+             var image = node.image;
+             that.setActiveImage(image);
+             that.setStyles(context, null);
+             var loc = [image.originalLngLat.lng, image.originalLngLat.lat];
+             context.map().centerEase(loc);
+             that.updateUrlImage(image.id);
 
-               if (changed.deletion) {
-                   diff.deleted().forEach(function(entity) {
-                       removeEntity(entity);
-                   });
-               }
+             if (_mlyShowFeatureDetections || _mlyShowSignDetections) {
+               that.updateDetections(image.id, "".concat(apiUrl, "/").concat(image.id, "/detections?access_token=").concat(accessToken, "&fields=id,image,geometry,value"));
+             }
 
-               if (changed.geometry) {
-                   diff.modified().forEach(function(entity) {
-                       removeEntity(entity);
-                       insertions[entity.id] = entity;
-                       updateParents(entity, insertions, {});
-                   });
-               }
+             dispatch$4.call('imageChanged');
+           } // bearingChanged: called when the bearing changes in the image viewer.
 
-               if (changed.addition) {
-                   diff.created().forEach(function(entity) {
-                       insertions[entity.id] = entity;
-                   });
-               }
 
-               loadEntities(Object.values(insertions));
+           function bearingChanged(e) {
+             dispatch$4.call('bearingChanged', undefined, e);
+           }
+         },
+         // Move to an image
+         selectImage: function selectImage(context, imageId) {
+           if (_mlyViewer && imageId) {
+             _mlyViewer.moveTo(imageId)["catch"](function (e) {
+               console.error('mly3', e); // eslint-disable-line no-console
+             });
            }
 
-           // returns an array of entities with bounding boxes overlapping `extent` for the given `graph`
-           tree.intersects = function(extent, graph) {
-               updateToGraph(graph);
-               return _rtree.search(extent.bbox())
-                   .map(function(bbox) { return graph.entity(bbox.id); });
-           };
+           return this;
+         },
+         // Return the currently displayed image
+         getActiveImage: function getActiveImage() {
+           return _mlyActiveImage;
+         },
+         // Return a list of detection objects for the given id
+         getDetections: function getDetections(id) {
+           return loadData("".concat(apiUrl, "/").concat(id, "/detections?access_token=").concat(accessToken, "&fields=id,value,image"));
+         },
+         // Set the currently visible image
+         setActiveImage: function setActiveImage(image) {
+           if (image) {
+             _mlyActiveImage = {
+               ca: image.originalCompassAngle,
+               id: image.id,
+               loc: [image.originalLngLat.lng, image.originalLngLat.lat],
+               is_pano: image.cameraType === 'spherical',
+               sequence_id: image.sequenceId
+             };
+           } else {
+             _mlyActiveImage = null;
+           }
+         },
+         // Update the currently highlighted sequence and selected bubble.
+         setStyles: function setStyles(context, hovered) {
+           var hoveredImageId = hovered && hovered.id;
+           var hoveredSequenceId = hovered && hovered.sequence_id;
+           var selectedSequenceId = _mlyActiveImage && _mlyActiveImage.sequence_id;
+           context.container().selectAll('.layer-mapillary .viewfield-group').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
+             return d.sequence_id === selectedSequenceId || d.id === hoveredImageId;
+           }).classed('hovered', function (d) {
+             return d.id === hoveredImageId;
+           });
+           context.container().selectAll('.layer-mapillary .sequence').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
+             return d.properties.id === hoveredSequenceId;
+           }).classed('currentView', function (d) {
+             return d.properties.id === selectedSequenceId;
+           });
+           return this;
+         },
+         // Get detections for the current image and shows them in the image viewer
+         updateDetections: function updateDetections(imageId, url) {
+           if (!_mlyViewer || _mlyFallback) return;
+           if (!imageId) return;
+           var cache = _mlyCache.image_detections;
+
+           if (cache.forImageId[imageId]) {
+             showDetections(_mlyCache.image_detections.forImageId[imageId]);
+           } else {
+             loadData(url).then(function (detections) {
+               detections.forEach(function (detection) {
+                 if (!cache.forImageId[imageId]) {
+                   cache.forImageId[imageId] = [];
+                 }
 
-           // returns an array of segment objects with bounding boxes overlapping `extent` for the given `graph`
-           tree.waySegments = function(extent, graph) {
-               updateToGraph(graph);
-               return _segmentsRTree.search(extent.bbox())
-                   .map(function(bbox) { return bbox.segment; });
-           };
+                 cache.forImageId[imageId].push({
+                   geometry: detection.geometry,
+                   id: detection.id,
+                   image_id: imageId,
+                   value: detection.value
+                 });
+               });
+               showDetections(_mlyCache.image_detections.forImageId[imageId] || []);
+             });
+           } // Create a tag for each detection and shows it in the image viewer
 
 
-           return tree;
-       }
+           function showDetections(detections) {
+             var tagComponent = _mlyViewer.getComponent('tag');
 
-       function uiModal(selection, blocking) {
-         let keybinding = utilKeybinding('modal');
-         let previous = selection.select('div.modal');
-         let animate = previous.empty();
+             detections.forEach(function (data) {
+               var tag = makeTag(data);
 
-         previous.transition()
-           .duration(200)
-           .style('opacity', 0)
-           .remove();
+               if (tag) {
+                 tagComponent.add([tag]);
+               }
+             });
+           } // Create a Mapillary JS tag object
 
-         let shaded = selection
-           .append('div')
-           .attr('class', 'shaded')
-           .style('opacity', 0);
 
-         shaded.close = () => {
-           shaded
-             .transition()
-             .duration(200)
-             .style('opacity',0)
-             .remove();
+           function makeTag(data) {
+             var valueParts = data.value.split('--');
+             if (!valueParts.length) return;
+             var tag;
+             var text;
+             var color = 0xffffff;
 
-           modal
-             .transition()
-             .duration(200)
-             .style('top','0px');
+             if (_mlyHighlightedDetection === data.id) {
+               color = 0xffff00;
+               text = valueParts[1];
 
-           select(document)
-             .call(keybinding.unbind);
-         };
+               if (text === 'flat' || text === 'discrete' || text === 'sign') {
+                 text = valueParts[2];
+               }
 
+               text = text.replace(/-/g, ' ');
+               text = text.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + text.slice(1);
+               _mlyHighlightedDetection = null;
+             }
 
-         let modal = shaded
-           .append('div')
-           .attr('class', 'modal fillL');
+             var decodedGeometry = window.atob(data.geometry);
+             var uintArray = new Uint8Array(decodedGeometry.length);
 
-         if (!blocking) {
-           shaded.on('click.remove-modal', () => {
-             if (event.target === this) {
-               shaded.close();
+             for (var i = 0; i < decodedGeometry.length; i++) {
+               uintArray[i] = decodedGeometry.charCodeAt(i);
              }
-           });
 
-           modal
-             .append('button')
-             .attr('class', 'close')
-             .on('click', shaded.close)
-             .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+             var tile = new VectorTile(new pbf(uintArray.buffer));
+             var layer = tile.layers['mpy-or'];
+             var geometries = layer.feature(0).loadGeometry();
+             var polygon = geometries.map(function (ring) {
+               return ring.map(function (point) {
+                 return [point.x / layer.extent, point.y / layer.extent];
+               });
+             });
+             tag = new mapillary.OutlineTag(data.id, new mapillary.PolygonGeometry(polygon[0]), {
+               text: text,
+               textColor: color,
+               lineColor: color,
+               lineWidth: 2,
+               fillColor: color,
+               fillOpacity: 0.3
+             });
+             return tag;
+           }
+         },
+         // Return the current cache
+         cache: function cache() {
+           return _mlyCache;
+         }
+       };
 
-           keybinding
-             .on('⌫', shaded.close)
-             .on('⎋', shaded.close);
+       function validationIssue(attrs) {
+         this.type = attrs.type; // required - name of rule that created the issue (e.g. 'missing_tag')
 
-           select(document)
-             .call(keybinding);
-         }
+         this.subtype = attrs.subtype; // optional - category of the issue within the type (e.g. 'relation_type' under 'missing_tag')
 
-         modal
-           .append('div')
-           .attr('class', 'content');
+         this.severity = attrs.severity; // required - 'warning' or 'error'
 
-         if (animate) {
-           shaded.transition().style('opacity', 1);
-         } else {
-           shaded.style('opacity', 1);
-         }
+         this.message = attrs.message; // required - function returning localized string
 
-         return shaded;
-       }
+         this.reference = attrs.reference; // optional - function(selection) to render reference information
 
-       function uiLoading(context) {
-         let _modalSelection = select(null);
-         let _message = '';
-         let _blocking = false;
+         this.entityIds = attrs.entityIds; // optional - array of IDs of entities involved in the issue
 
+         this.loc = attrs.loc; // optional - [lon, lat] to zoom in on to see the issue
 
-         let loading = (selection) => {
-           _modalSelection = uiModal(selection, _blocking);
+         this.data = attrs.data; // optional - object containing extra data for the fixes
 
-           let loadertext = _modalSelection.select('.content')
-             .classed('loading-modal', true)
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'modal-section fillL');
+         this.dynamicFixes = attrs.dynamicFixes; // optional - function(context) returning fixes
 
-           loadertext
-             .append('img')
-             .attr('class', 'loader')
-             .attr('src', context.imagePath('loader-white.gif'));
+         this.hash = attrs.hash; // optional - string to further differentiate the issue
 
-           loadertext
-             .append('h3')
-             .text(_message);
+         this.id = generateID.apply(this); // generated - see below
 
-           _modalSelection.select('button.close')
-             .attr('class', 'hide');
+         this.key = generateKey.apply(this); // generated - see below (call after generating this.id)
 
-           return loading;
-         };
+         this.autoFix = null; // generated - if autofix exists, will be set below
+         // A unique, deterministic string hash.
+         // Issues with identical id values are considered identical.
 
+         function generateID() {
+           var parts = [this.type];
 
-         loading.message = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _message;
-           _message = val;
-           return loading;
-         };
+           if (this.hash) {
+             // subclasses can pass in their own differentiator
+             parts.push(this.hash);
+           }
 
+           if (this.subtype) {
+             parts.push(this.subtype);
+           } // include the entities this issue is for
+           // (sort them so the id is deterministic)
 
-         loading.blocking = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _blocking;
-           _blocking = val;
-           return loading;
-         };
 
+           if (this.entityIds) {
+             var entityKeys = this.entityIds.slice().sort();
+             parts.push.apply(parts, entityKeys);
+           }
 
-         loading.close = () => {
-           _modalSelection.remove();
-         };
+           return parts.join(':');
+         } // An identifier suitable for use as the second argument to d3.selection#data().
+         // (i.e. this should change whenever the data needs to be refreshed)
 
 
-         loading.isShown = () => {
-           return _modalSelection && !_modalSelection.empty() && _modalSelection.node().parentNode;
-         };
+         function generateKey() {
+           return this.id + ':' + Date.now().toString(); // include time of creation
+         }
 
+         this.extent = function (resolver) {
+           if (this.loc) {
+             return geoExtent(this.loc);
+           }
 
-         return loading;
-       }
+           if (this.entityIds && this.entityIds.length) {
+             return this.entityIds.reduce(function (extent, entityId) {
+               return extent.extend(resolver.entity(entityId).extent(resolver));
+             }, geoExtent());
+           }
 
-       function coreHistory(context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change', 'merge', 'restore', 'undone', 'redone');
-           var lock = utilSessionMutex('lock');
+           return null;
+         };
 
-           // restorable if iD not open in another window/tab and a saved history exists in localStorage
-           var _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges = lock.lock() && !!corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'));
+         this.fixes = function (context) {
+           var fixes = this.dynamicFixes ? this.dynamicFixes(context) : [];
+           var issue = this;
 
-           var duration = 150;
-           var _imageryUsed = [];
-           var _photoOverlaysUsed = [];
-           var _checkpoints = {};
-           var _pausedGraph;
-           var _stack;
-           var _index;
-           var _tree;
+           if (issue.severity === 'warning') {
+             // allow ignoring any issue that's not an error
+             fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+               title: _t.html('issues.fix.ignore_issue.title'),
+               icon: 'iD-icon-close',
+               onClick: function onClick() {
+                 context.validator().ignoreIssue(this.issue.id);
+               }
+             }));
+           }
 
+           fixes.forEach(function (fix) {
+             // the id doesn't matter as long as it's unique to this issue/fix
+             fix.id = fix.title; // add a reference to the issue for use in actions
 
-           // internal _act, accepts list of actions and eased time
-           function _act(actions, t) {
-               actions = Array.prototype.slice.call(actions);
+             fix.issue = issue;
 
-               var annotation;
-               if (typeof actions[actions.length - 1] !== 'function') {
-                   annotation = actions.pop();
-               }
+             if (fix.autoArgs) {
+               issue.autoFix = fix;
+             }
+           });
+           return fixes;
+         };
+       }
+       function validationIssueFix(attrs) {
+         this.title = attrs.title; // Required
 
-               var graph = _stack[_index].graph;
-               for (var i = 0; i < actions.length; i++) {
-                   graph = actions[i](graph, t);
-               }
+         this.onClick = attrs.onClick; // Optional - the function to run to apply the fix
 
-               return {
-                   graph: graph,
-                   annotation: annotation,
-                   imageryUsed: _imageryUsed,
-                   photoOverlaysUsed: _photoOverlaysUsed,
-                   transform: context.projection.transform(),
-                   selectedIDs: context.selectedIDs()
-               };
-           }
+         this.disabledReason = attrs.disabledReason; // Optional - a string explaining why the fix is unavailable, if any
 
+         this.icon = attrs.icon; // Optional - shows 'iD-icon-wrench' if not set
 
-           // internal _perform with eased time
-           function _perform(args, t) {
-               var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
-               _stack = _stack.slice(0, _index + 1);
-               var actionResult = _act(args, t);
-               _stack.push(actionResult);
-               _index++;
-               return change(previous);
-           }
+         this.entityIds = attrs.entityIds || []; // Optional - used for hover-higlighting.
 
+         this.autoArgs = attrs.autoArgs; // Optional - pass [actions, annotation] arglist if this fix can automatically run
 
-           // internal _replace with eased time
-           function _replace(args, t) {
-               var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
-               // assert(_index == _stack.length - 1)
-               var actionResult = _act(args, t);
-               _stack[_index] = actionResult;
-               return change(previous);
-           }
+         this.issue = null; // Generated link - added by validationIssue
+       }
+
+       var buildRuleChecks = function buildRuleChecks() {
+         return {
+           equals: function equals(_equals) {
+             return function (tags) {
+               return Object.keys(_equals).every(function (k) {
+                 return _equals[k] === tags[k];
+               });
+             };
+           },
+           notEquals: function notEquals(_notEquals) {
+             return function (tags) {
+               return Object.keys(_notEquals).some(function (k) {
+                 return _notEquals[k] !== tags[k];
+               });
+             };
+           },
+           absence: function absence(_absence) {
+             return function (tags) {
+               return Object.keys(tags).indexOf(_absence) === -1;
+             };
+           },
+           presence: function presence(_presence) {
+             return function (tags) {
+               return Object.keys(tags).indexOf(_presence) > -1;
+             };
+           },
+           greaterThan: function greaterThan(_greaterThan) {
+             var key = Object.keys(_greaterThan)[0];
+             var value = _greaterThan[key];
+             return function (tags) {
+               return tags[key] > value;
+             };
+           },
+           greaterThanEqual: function greaterThanEqual(_greaterThanEqual) {
+             var key = Object.keys(_greaterThanEqual)[0];
+             var value = _greaterThanEqual[key];
+             return function (tags) {
+               return tags[key] >= value;
+             };
+           },
+           lessThan: function lessThan(_lessThan) {
+             var key = Object.keys(_lessThan)[0];
+             var value = _lessThan[key];
+             return function (tags) {
+               return tags[key] < value;
+             };
+           },
+           lessThanEqual: function lessThanEqual(_lessThanEqual) {
+             var key = Object.keys(_lessThanEqual)[0];
+             var value = _lessThanEqual[key];
+             return function (tags) {
+               return tags[key] <= value;
+             };
+           },
+           positiveRegex: function positiveRegex(_positiveRegex) {
+             var tagKey = Object.keys(_positiveRegex)[0];
 
+             var expression = _positiveRegex[tagKey].join('|');
 
-           // internal _overwrite with eased time
-           function _overwrite(args, t) {
-               var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
-               if (_index > 0) {
-                   _index--;
-                   _stack.pop();
-               }
-               _stack = _stack.slice(0, _index + 1);
-               var actionResult = _act(args, t);
-               _stack.push(actionResult);
-               _index++;
-               return change(previous);
-           }
+             var regex = new RegExp(expression);
+             return function (tags) {
+               return regex.test(tags[tagKey]);
+             };
+           },
+           negativeRegex: function negativeRegex(_negativeRegex) {
+             var tagKey = Object.keys(_negativeRegex)[0];
 
+             var expression = _negativeRegex[tagKey].join('|');
 
-           // determine difference and dispatch a change event
-           function change(previous) {
-               var difference = coreDifference(previous, history.graph());
-               if (!_pausedGraph) {
-                   dispatch$1.call('change', this, difference);
-               }
-               return difference;
+             var regex = new RegExp(expression);
+             return function (tags) {
+               return !regex.test(tags[tagKey]);
+             };
            }
+         };
+       };
 
-
-           // iD uses namespaced keys so multiple installations do not conflict
-           function getKey(n) {
-               return 'iD_' + window.location.origin + '_' + n;
+       var buildLineKeys = function buildLineKeys() {
+         return {
+           highway: {
+             rest_area: true,
+             services: true
+           },
+           railway: {
+             roundhouse: true,
+             station: true,
+             traverser: true,
+             turntable: true,
+             wash: true
            }
+         };
+       };
 
+       var serviceMapRules = {
+         init: function init() {
+           this._ruleChecks = buildRuleChecks();
+           this._validationRules = [];
+           this._areaKeys = osmAreaKeys;
+           this._lineKeys = buildLineKeys();
+         },
+         // list of rules only relevant to tag checks...
+         filterRuleChecks: function filterRuleChecks(selector) {
+           var _ruleChecks = this._ruleChecks;
+           return Object.keys(selector).reduce(function (rules, key) {
+             if (['geometry', 'error', 'warning'].indexOf(key) === -1) {
+               rules.push(_ruleChecks[key](selector[key]));
+             }
 
-           var history = {
+             return rules;
+           }, []);
+         },
+         // builds tagMap from mapcss-parse selector object...
+         buildTagMap: function buildTagMap(selector) {
+           var getRegexValues = function getRegexValues(regexes) {
+             return regexes.map(function (regex) {
+               return regex.replace(/\$|\^/g, '');
+             });
+           };
 
-               graph: function() {
-                   return _stack[_index].graph;
-               },
+           var tagMap = Object.keys(selector).reduce(function (expectedTags, key) {
+             var values;
+             var isRegex = /regex/gi.test(key);
+             var isEqual = /equals/gi.test(key);
 
+             if (isRegex || isEqual) {
+               Object.keys(selector[key]).forEach(function (selectorKey) {
+                 values = isEqual ? [selector[key][selectorKey]] : getRegexValues(selector[key][selectorKey]);
 
-               tree: function() {
-                   return _tree;
-               },
+                 if (expectedTags.hasOwnProperty(selectorKey)) {
+                   values = values.concat(expectedTags[selectorKey]);
+                 }
 
+                 expectedTags[selectorKey] = values;
+               });
+             } else if (/(greater|less)Than(Equal)?|presence/g.test(key)) {
+               var tagKey = /presence/.test(key) ? selector[key] : Object.keys(selector[key])[0];
+               values = [selector[key][tagKey]];
 
-               base: function() {
-                   return _stack[0].graph;
-               },
+               if (expectedTags.hasOwnProperty(tagKey)) {
+                 values = values.concat(expectedTags[tagKey]);
+               }
 
+               expectedTags[tagKey] = values;
+             }
 
-               merge: function(entities/*, extent*/) {
-                   var stack = _stack.map(function(state) { return state.graph; });
-                   _stack[0].graph.rebase(entities, stack, false);
-                   _tree.rebase(entities, false);
+             return expectedTags;
+           }, {});
+           return tagMap;
+         },
+         // inspired by osmWay#isArea()
+         inferGeometry: function inferGeometry(tagMap) {
+           var _lineKeys = this._lineKeys;
+           var _areaKeys = this._areaKeys;
 
-                   dispatch$1.call('merge', this, entities);
-               },
+           var keyValueDoesNotImplyArea = function keyValueDoesNotImplyArea(key) {
+             return utilArrayIntersection(tagMap[key], Object.keys(_areaKeys[key])).length > 0;
+           };
 
+           var keyValueImpliesLine = function keyValueImpliesLine(key) {
+             return utilArrayIntersection(tagMap[key], Object.keys(_lineKeys[key])).length > 0;
+           };
 
-               perform: function() {
-                   // complete any transition already in progress
-                   select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
+           if (tagMap.hasOwnProperty('area')) {
+             if (tagMap.area.indexOf('yes') > -1) {
+               return 'area';
+             }
 
-                   var transitionable = false;
-                   var action0 = arguments[0];
+             if (tagMap.area.indexOf('no') > -1) {
+               return 'line';
+             }
+           }
 
-                   if (arguments.length === 1 ||
-                       (arguments.length === 2 && (typeof arguments[1] !== 'function'))) {
-                       transitionable = !!action0.transitionable;
-                   }
+           for (var key in tagMap) {
+             if (key in _areaKeys && !keyValueDoesNotImplyArea(key)) {
+               return 'area';
+             }
 
-                   if (transitionable) {
-                       var origArguments = arguments;
-                       select(document)
-                           .transition('history.perform')
-                           .duration(duration)
-                           .ease(linear$1)
-                           .tween('history.tween', function() {
-                               return function(t) {
-                                   if (t < 1) _overwrite([action0], t);
-                               };
-                           })
-                           .on('start', function() {
-                               _perform([action0], 0);
-                           })
-                           .on('end interrupt', function() {
-                               _overwrite(origArguments, 1);
-                           });
+             if (key in _lineKeys && keyValueImpliesLine(key)) {
+               return 'area';
+             }
+           }
 
-                   } else {
-                       return _perform(arguments);
-                   }
-               },
+           return 'line';
+         },
+         // adds from mapcss-parse selector check...
+         addRule: function addRule(selector) {
+           var rule = {
+             // checks relevant to mapcss-selector
+             checks: this.filterRuleChecks(selector),
+             // true if all conditions for a tag error are true..
+             matches: function matches(entity) {
+               return this.checks.every(function (check) {
+                 return check(entity.tags);
+               });
+             },
+             // borrowed from Way#isArea()
+             inferredGeometry: this.inferGeometry(this.buildTagMap(selector), this._areaKeys),
+             geometryMatches: function geometryMatches(entity, graph) {
+               if (entity.type === 'node' || entity.type === 'relation') {
+                 return selector.geometry === entity.type;
+               } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
+                 return this.inferredGeometry === entity.geometry(graph);
+               }
+             },
+             // when geometries match and tag matches are present, return a warning...
+             findIssues: function findIssues(entity, graph, issues) {
+               if (this.geometryMatches(entity, graph) && this.matches(entity)) {
+                 var severity = Object.keys(selector).indexOf('error') > -1 ? 'error' : 'warning';
+                 var _message = selector[severity];
+                 issues.push(new validationIssue({
+                   type: 'maprules',
+                   severity: severity,
+                   message: function message() {
+                     return _message;
+                   },
+                   entityIds: [entity.id]
+                 }));
+               }
+             }
+           };
 
+           this._validationRules.push(rule);
+         },
+         clearRules: function clearRules() {
+           this._validationRules = [];
+         },
+         // returns validationRules...
+         validationRules: function validationRules() {
+           return this._validationRules;
+         },
+         // returns ruleChecks
+         ruleChecks: function ruleChecks() {
+           return this._ruleChecks;
+         }
+       };
 
-               replace: function() {
-                   select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
-                   return _replace(arguments, 1);
-               },
+       var apibase$2 = 'https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/';
+       var _inflight$2 = {};
 
+       var _nominatimCache;
 
-               // Same as calling pop and then perform
-               overwrite: function() {
-                   select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
-                   return _overwrite(arguments, 1);
-               },
+       var serviceNominatim = {
+         init: function init() {
+           _inflight$2 = {};
+           _nominatimCache = new RBush();
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           Object.values(_inflight$2).forEach(function (controller) {
+             controller.abort();
+           });
+           _inflight$2 = {};
+           _nominatimCache = new RBush();
+         },
+         countryCode: function countryCode(location, callback) {
+           this.reverse(location, function (err, result) {
+             if (err) {
+               return callback(err);
+             } else if (result.address) {
+               return callback(null, result.address.country_code);
+             } else {
+               return callback('Unable to geocode', null);
+             }
+           });
+         },
+         reverse: function reverse(loc, callback) {
+           var cached = _nominatimCache.search({
+             minX: loc[0],
+             minY: loc[1],
+             maxX: loc[0],
+             maxY: loc[1]
+           });
 
+           if (cached.length > 0) {
+             if (callback) callback(null, cached[0].data);
+             return;
+           }
 
-               pop: function(n) {
-                   select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
+           var params = {
+             zoom: 13,
+             format: 'json',
+             addressdetails: 1,
+             lat: loc[1],
+             lon: loc[0]
+           };
+           var url = apibase$2 + 'reverse?' + utilQsString(params);
+           if (_inflight$2[url]) return;
+           var controller = new AbortController();
+           _inflight$2[url] = controller;
+           d3_json(url, {
+             signal: controller.signal
+           }).then(function (result) {
+             delete _inflight$2[url];
 
-                   var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
-                   if (isNaN(+n) || +n < 0) {
-                       n = 1;
-                   }
-                   while (n-- > 0 && _index > 0) {
-                       _index--;
-                       _stack.pop();
-                   }
-                   return change(previous);
-               },
+             if (result && result.error) {
+               throw new Error(result.error);
+             }
 
+             var extent = geoExtent(loc).padByMeters(200);
 
-               // Back to the previous annotated state or _index = 0.
-               undo: function() {
-                   select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
+             _nominatimCache.insert(Object.assign(extent.bbox(), {
+               data: result
+             }));
 
-                   var previousStack = _stack[_index];
-                   var previous = previousStack.graph;
-                   while (_index > 0) {
-                       _index--;
-                       if (_stack[_index].annotation) break;
-                   }
+             if (callback) callback(null, result);
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             delete _inflight$2[url];
+             if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
+             if (callback) callback(err.message);
+           });
+         },
+         search: function search(val, callback) {
+           var searchVal = encodeURIComponent(val);
+           var url = apibase$2 + 'search/' + searchVal + '?limit=10&format=json';
+           if (_inflight$2[url]) return;
+           var controller = new AbortController();
+           _inflight$2[url] = controller;
+           d3_json(url, {
+             signal: controller.signal
+           }).then(function (result) {
+             delete _inflight$2[url];
 
-                   dispatch$1.call('undone', this, _stack[_index], previousStack);
-                   return change(previous);
-               },
+             if (result && result.error) {
+               throw new Error(result.error);
+             }
 
+             if (callback) callback(null, result);
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             delete _inflight$2[url];
+             if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
+             if (callback) callback(err.message);
+           });
+         }
+       };
 
-               // Forward to the next annotated state.
-               redo: function() {
-                   select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
+       // for punction see https://stackoverflow.com/a/21224179
 
-                   var previousStack = _stack[_index];
-                   var previous = previousStack.graph;
-                   var tryIndex = _index;
-                   while (tryIndex < _stack.length - 1) {
-                       tryIndex++;
-                       if (_stack[tryIndex].annotation) {
-                           _index = tryIndex;
-                           dispatch$1.call('redone', this, _stack[_index], previousStack);
-                           break;
-                       }
-                   }
+       function simplify$1(str) {
+         if (typeof str !== 'string') return '';
+         return diacritics.remove(str.replace(/&/g, 'and').replace(/İ/ig, 'i') // for BİM, İşbank - #5017
+         .replace(/[\s\-=_!"#%'*{},.\/:;?\(\)\[\]@\\$\^*+<>«»~`’\u00a1\u00a7\u00b6\u00b7\u00bf\u037e\u0387\u055a-\u055f\u0589\u05c0\u05c3\u05c6\u05f3\u05f4\u0609\u060a\u060c\u060d\u061b\u061e\u061f\u066a-\u066d\u06d4\u0700-\u070d\u07f7-\u07f9\u0830-\u083e\u085e\u0964\u0965\u0970\u0af0\u0df4\u0e4f\u0e5a\u0e5b\u0f04-\u0f12\u0f14\u0f85\u0fd0-\u0fd4\u0fd9\u0fda\u104a-\u104f\u10fb\u1360-\u1368\u166d\u166e\u16eb-\u16ed\u1735\u1736\u17d4-\u17d6\u17d8-\u17da\u1800-\u1805\u1807-\u180a\u1944\u1945\u1a1e\u1a1f\u1aa0-\u1aa6\u1aa8-\u1aad\u1b5a-\u1b60\u1bfc-\u1bff\u1c3b-\u1c3f\u1c7e\u1c7f\u1cc0-\u1cc7\u1cd3\u2000-\u206f\u2cf9-\u2cfc\u2cfe\u2cff\u2d70\u2e00-\u2e7f\u3001-\u3003\u303d\u30fb\ua4fe\ua4ff\ua60d-\ua60f\ua673\ua67e\ua6f2-\ua6f7\ua874-\ua877\ua8ce\ua8cf\ua8f8-\ua8fa\ua92e\ua92f\ua95f\ua9c1-\ua9cd\ua9de\ua9df\uaa5c-\uaa5f\uaade\uaadf\uaaf0\uaaf1\uabeb\ufe10-\ufe16\ufe19\ufe30\ufe45\ufe46\ufe49-\ufe4c\ufe50-\ufe52\ufe54-\ufe57\ufe5f-\ufe61\ufe68\ufe6a\ufe6b\ufeff\uff01-\uff03\uff05-\uff07\uff0a\uff0c\uff0e\uff0f\uff1a\uff1b\uff1f\uff20\uff3c\uff61\uff64\uff65]+/g, '').toLowerCase());
+       }
 
-                   return change(previous);
-               },
+       var matchGroups$1 = {adult_gaming_centre:["amenity/casino","amenity/gambling","leisure/adult_gaming_centre"],beauty:["shop/beauty","shop/hairdresser_supply"],bed:["shop/bed","shop/furniture"],beverages:["shop/alcohol","shop/beer","shop/beverages","shop/wine"],camping:["leisure/park","tourism/camp_site","tourism/caravan_site"],car_parts:["shop/car_parts","shop/car_repair","shop/tires","shop/tyres"],clinic:["amenity/clinic","amenity/doctors","healthcare/clinic","healthcare/laboratory","healthcare/physiotherapist","healthcare/sample_collection","healthcare/dialysis"],confectionery:["shop/candy","shop/chocolate","shop/confectionery"],convenience:["shop/beauty","shop/chemist","shop/convenience","shop/cosmetics","shop/grocery","shop/newsagent","shop/perfumery"],coworking:["amenity/coworking_space","office/coworking","office/coworking_space"],dentist:["amenity/dentist","amenity/doctors","healthcare/dentist"],electronics:["office/telecommunication","shop/computer","shop/electronics","shop/hifi","shop/mobile","shop/mobile_phone","shop/telecommunication"],fabric:["shop/fabric","shop/haberdashery","shop/sewing"],fashion:["shop/accessories","shop/bag","shop/boutique","shop/clothes","shop/department_store","shop/fashion","shop/fashion_accessories","shop/sports","shop/shoes"],financial:["amenity/bank","office/accountant","office/financial","office/financial_advisor","office/tax_advisor","shop/tax"],fitness:["leisure/fitness_centre","leisure/fitness_center","leisure/sports_centre","leisure/sports_center"],food:["amenity/pub","amenity/bar","amenity/cafe","amenity/fast_food","amenity/ice_cream","amenity/restaurant","shop/bakery","shop/ice_cream","shop/pastry","shop/tea","shop/coffee"],fuel:["amenity/fuel","shop/gas","shop/convenience;gas","shop/gas;convenience"],gift:["shop/gift","shop/card","shop/cards","shop/stationery"],hardware:["shop/bathroom_furnishing","shop/carpet","shop/diy","shop/doityourself","shop/doors","shop/electrical","shop/flooring","shop/hardware","shop/hardware_store","shop/power_tools","shop/tool_hire","shop/tools","shop/trade"],health_food:["shop/health","shop/health_food","shop/herbalist","shop/nutrition_supplements"],hobby:["shop/electronics","shop/hobby","shop/books","shop/games","shop/collector","shop/toys","shop/model","shop/video_games","shop/anime"],hospital:["amenity/doctors","amenity/hospital","healthcare/hospital"],houseware:["shop/houseware","shop/interior_decoration"],lifeboat_station:["amenity/lifeboat_station","emergency/lifeboat_station","emergency/marine_rescue"],lodging:["tourism/hotel","tourism/motel"],money_transfer:["amenity/money_transfer","shop/money_transfer"],office_supplies:["shop/office_supplies","shop/stationary","shop/stationery"],outdoor:["shop/outdoor","shop/sports"],parcel_locker:["amenity/parcel_locker","amenity/vending_machine"],pharmacy:["amenity/doctors","amenity/pharmacy","healthcare/pharmacy"],playground:["amenity/theme_park","leisure/amusement_arcade","leisure/playground"],rental:["amenity/bicycle_rental","amenity/boat_rental","amenity/car_rental","amenity/truck_rental","amenity/vehicle_rental","shop/rental"],school:["amenity/childcare","amenity/college","amenity/kindergarten","amenity/language_school","amenity/prep_school","amenity/school","amenity/university"],storage:["shop/storage_units","shop/storage_rental"],substation:["power/station","power/substation","power/sub_station"],supermarket:["shop/food","shop/frozen_food","shop/greengrocer","shop/grocery","shop/supermarket","shop/wholesale"],variety_store:["shop/variety_store","shop/discount","shop/convenience"],vending:["amenity/vending_machine","shop/vending_machine"],weight_loss:["amenity/clinic","amenity/doctors","amenity/weight_clinic","healthcare/counselling","leisure/fitness_centre","office/therapist","shop/beauty","shop/diet","shop/food","shop/health_food","shop/herbalist","shop/nutrition","shop/nutrition_supplements","shop/weight_loss"],wholesale:["shop/wholesale","shop/supermarket","shop/department_store"]};
+       var matchGroupsJSON = {
+       matchGroups: matchGroups$1
+       };
 
+       var genericWords = ["^(barn|bazaa?r|bench|bou?tique|building|casa|church)$","^(baseball|basketball|football|soccer|softball|tennis(halle)?)\\s?(field|court)?$","^(club|green|out|ware)\\s?house$","^(driveway|el árbol|fountain|golf|government|graveyard)$","^(fixme|n\\s?\\/?\\s?a|name|no\\s?name|none|null|temporary|test|unknown)$","^(hofladen|librairie|magazine?|maison)$","^(mobile home|skate)?\\s?park$","^(obuwie|pond|pool|sale|shops?|sklep|stores?)$","^\\?+$","^private$","^tattoo( studio)?$","^windmill$","^церковная( лавка)?$"];
+       var genericWordsJSON = {
+       genericWords: genericWords
+       };
 
-               pauseChangeDispatch: function() {
-                   if (!_pausedGraph) {
-                       _pausedGraph = _stack[_index].graph;
-                   }
-               },
+       var trees$1 = {brands:{emoji:"🍔",mainTag:"brand:wikidata",sourceTags:["brand","name"],nameTags:{primary:"^(name|name:\\w+)$",alternate:"^(brand|brand:\\w+|operator|operator:\\w+|\\w+_name|\\w+_name:\\w+)$"}},flags:{emoji:"🚩",mainTag:"flag:wikidata",nameTags:{primary:"^(flag:name|flag:name:\\w+)$",alternate:"^(country|country:\\w+|flag|flag:\\w+|subject|subject:\\w+)$"}},operators:{emoji:"💼",mainTag:"operator:wikidata",sourceTags:["operator"],nameTags:{primary:"^(name|name:\\w+|operator|operator:\\w+)$",alternate:"^(brand|brand:\\w+|\\w+_name|\\w+_name:\\w+)$"}},transit:{emoji:"🚇",mainTag:"network:wikidata",sourceTags:["network"],nameTags:{primary:"^network$",alternate:"^(operator|operator:\\w+|network:\\w+|\\w+_name|\\w+_name:\\w+)$"}}};
+       var treesJSON = {
+       trees: trees$1
+       };
 
+       var matchGroups = matchGroupsJSON.matchGroups;
+       var trees = treesJSON.trees;
+       var Matcher = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
+         //
+         // `constructor`
+         // initialize the genericWords regexes
+         function Matcher() {
+           var _this = this;
 
-               resumeChangeDispatch: function() {
-                   if (_pausedGraph) {
-                       var previous = _pausedGraph;
-                       _pausedGraph = null;
-                       return change(previous);
-                   }
-               },
+           _classCallCheck$1(this, Matcher);
 
+           // The `matchIndex` is a specialized structure that allows us to quickly answer
+           //   _"Given a [key/value tagpair, name, location], what canonical items (brands etc) can match it?"_
+           //
+           // The index contains all valid combinations of k/v tagpairs and names
+           // matchIndex:
+           // {
+           //   'k/v': {
+           //     'primary':         Map (String 'nsimple' -> Set (itemIDs…),   // matches for tags like `name`, `name:xx`, etc.
+           //     'alternate':       Map (String 'nsimple' -> Set (itemIDs…),   // matches for tags like `alt_name`, `brand`, etc.
+           //     'excludeNamed':    Map (String 'pattern' -> RegExp),
+           //     'excludeGeneric':  Map (String 'pattern' -> RegExp)
+           //   },
+           // }
+           //
+           // {
+           //   'amenity/bank': {
+           //     'primary': {
+           //       'firstbank':              Set ("firstbank-978cca", "firstbank-9794e6", "firstbank-f17495", …),
+           //       …
+           //     },
+           //     'alternate': {
+           //       '1stbank':                Set ("firstbank-f17495"),
+           //       …
+           //     }
+           //   },
+           //   'shop/supermarket': {
+           //     'primary': {
+           //       'coop':                   Set ("coop-76454b", "coop-ebf2d9", "coop-36e991", …),
+           //       'coopfood':               Set ("coopfood-a8278b", …),
+           //       …
+           //     },
+           //     'alternate': {
+           //       'coop':                   Set ("coopfood-a8278b", …),
+           //       'federatedcooperatives':  Set ("coop-76454b", …),
+           //       'thecooperative':         Set ("coopfood-a8278b", …),
+           //       …
+           //     }
+           //   }
+           // }
+           //
+           this.matchIndex = undefined; // The `genericWords` structure matches the contents of genericWords.json to instantiated RegExp objects
+           // Map (String 'pattern' -> RegExp),
 
-               undoAnnotation: function() {
-                   var i = _index;
-                   while (i >= 0) {
-                       if (_stack[i].annotation) return _stack[i].annotation;
-                       i--;
-                   }
-               },
+           this.genericWords = new Map();
+           (genericWordsJSON.genericWords || []).forEach(function (s) {
+             return _this.genericWords.set(s, new RegExp(s, 'i'));
+           }); // The `itemLocation` structure maps itemIDs to locationSetIDs:
+           // {
+           //   'firstbank-f17495':  '+[first_bank_western_us.geojson]',
+           //   'firstbank-978cca':  '+[first_bank_carolinas.geojson]',
+           //   'coop-76454b':       '+[Q16]',
+           //   'coopfood-a8278b':   '+[Q23666]',
+           //   …
+           // }
 
+           this.itemLocation = undefined; // The `locationSets` structure maps locationSetIDs to *resolved* locationSets:
+           // {
+           //   '+[first_bank_western_us.geojson]':  GeoJSON {…},
+           //   '+[first_bank_carolinas.geojson]':   GeoJSON {…},
+           //   '+[Q16]':                            GeoJSON {…},
+           //   '+[Q23666]':                         GeoJSON {…},
+           //   …
+           // }
 
-               redoAnnotation: function() {
-                   var i = _index + 1;
-                   while (i <= _stack.length - 1) {
-                       if (_stack[i].annotation) return _stack[i].annotation;
-                       i++;
-                   }
-               },
+           this.locationSets = undefined; // The `locationIndex` is an instance of which-polygon spatial index for the locationSets.
 
+           this.locationIndex = undefined; // Array of match conflict pairs (currently unused)
 
-               // Returns the entities from the active graph with bounding boxes
-               // overlapping the given `extent`.
-               intersects: function(extent) {
-                   return _tree.intersects(extent, _stack[_index].graph);
-               },
+           this.warnings = [];
+         } //
+         // `buildMatchIndex()`
+         // Call this to prepare the matcher for use
+         //
+         // `data` needs to be an Object indexed on a 'tree/key/value' path.
+         // (e.g. cache filled by `fileTree.read` or data found in `dist/nsi.json`)
+         // {
+         //    'brands/amenity/bank': { properties: {}, items: [ {}, {}, … ] },
+         //    'brands/amenity/bar':  { properties: {}, items: [ {}, {}, … ] },
+         //    …
+         // }
+         //
 
 
-               difference: function() {
-                   var base = _stack[0].graph;
-                   var head = _stack[_index].graph;
-                   return coreDifference(base, head);
-               },
+         _createClass$1(Matcher, [{
+           key: "buildMatchIndex",
+           value: function buildMatchIndex(data) {
+             var that = this;
+             if (that.matchIndex) return; // it was built already
+
+             that.matchIndex = new Map();
+             var seenTree = new Map(); // warn if the same [k, v, nsimple] appears in multiple trees - #5625
+
+             Object.keys(data).forEach(function (tkv) {
+               var category = data[tkv];
+               var parts = tkv.split('/', 3); // tkv = "tree/key/value"
+
+               var t = parts[0];
+               var k = parts[1];
+               var v = parts[2];
+               var thiskv = "".concat(k, "/").concat(v);
+               var tree = trees[t];
+               var branch = that.matchIndex.get(thiskv);
+
+               if (!branch) {
+                 branch = {
+                   primary: new Map(),
+                   alternate: new Map(),
+                   excludeGeneric: new Map(),
+                   excludeNamed: new Map()
+                 };
+                 that.matchIndex.set(thiskv, branch);
+               } // ADD EXCLUSIONS
 
 
-               changes: function(action) {
-                   var base = _stack[0].graph;
-                   var head = _stack[_index].graph;
+               var properties = category.properties || {};
+               var exclude = properties.exclude || {};
+               (exclude.generic || []).forEach(function (s) {
+                 return branch.excludeGeneric.set(s, new RegExp(s, 'i'));
+               });
+               (exclude.named || []).forEach(function (s) {
+                 return branch.excludeNamed.set(s, new RegExp(s, 'i'));
+               });
+               var excludeRegexes = [].concat(_toConsumableArray(branch.excludeGeneric.values()), _toConsumableArray(branch.excludeNamed.values())); // ADD ITEMS
+
+               var items = category.items;
+               if (!Array.isArray(items) || !items.length) return; // Primary name patterns, match tags to take first
+               //  e.g. `name`, `name:ru`
 
-                   if (action) {
-                       head = action(head);
-                   }
+               var primaryName = new RegExp(tree.nameTags.primary, 'i'); // Alternate name patterns, match tags to consider after primary
+               //  e.g. `alt_name`, `short_name`, `brand`, `brand:ru`, etc..
 
-                   var difference = coreDifference(base, head);
+               var alternateName = new RegExp(tree.nameTags.alternate, 'i'); // There are a few exceptions to the name matching regexes.
+               // Usually a tag suffix contains a language code like `name:en`, `name:ru`
+               // but we want to exclude things like `operator:type`, `name:etymology`, etc..
 
-                   return {
-                       modified: difference.modified(),
-                       created: difference.created(),
-                       deleted: difference.deleted()
-                   };
-               },
+               var notName = /:(colou?r|type|forward|backward|left|right|etymology|pronunciation|wikipedia)$/i; // For certain categories we do not want to match generic KV pairs like `building/yes` or `amenity/yes`
 
+               var skipGenericKV = skipGenericKVMatches(t, k, v); // We will collect the generic KV pairs anyway (for the purpose of filtering them out of matchTags)
 
-               hasChanges: function() {
-                   return this.difference().length() > 0;
-               },
+               var genericKV = new Set(["".concat(k, "/yes"), "building/yes"]); // Collect alternate tagpairs for this kv category from matchGroups.
+               // We might also pick up a few more generic KVs (like `shop/yes`)
 
+               var matchGroupKV = new Set();
+               Object.values(matchGroups).forEach(function (matchGroup) {
+                 var inGroup = matchGroup.some(function (otherkv) {
+                   return otherkv === thiskv;
+                 });
+                 if (!inGroup) return;
+                 matchGroup.forEach(function (otherkv) {
+                   if (otherkv === thiskv) return; // skip self
 
-               imageryUsed: function(sources) {
-                   if (sources) {
-                       _imageryUsed = sources;
-                       return history;
-                   } else {
-                       var s = new Set();
-                       _stack.slice(1, _index + 1).forEach(function(state) {
-                           state.imageryUsed.forEach(function(source) {
-                               if (source !== 'Custom') {
-                                   s.add(source);
-                               }
-                           });
-                       });
-                       return Array.from(s);
-                   }
-               },
+                   matchGroupKV.add(otherkv);
+                   var otherk = otherkv.split('/', 2)[0]; // we might pick up a `shop/yes`
 
+                   genericKV.add("".concat(otherk, "/yes"));
+                 });
+               }); // For each item, insert all [key, value, name] combinations into the match index
 
-               photoOverlaysUsed: function(sources) {
-                   if (sources) {
-                       _photoOverlaysUsed = sources;
-                       return history;
-                   } else {
-                       var s = new Set();
-                       _stack.slice(1, _index + 1).forEach(function(state) {
-                           if (state.photoOverlaysUsed && Array.isArray(state.photoOverlaysUsed)) {
-                               state.photoOverlaysUsed.forEach(function(photoOverlay) {
-                                   s.add(photoOverlay);
-                               });
-                           }
-                       });
-                       return Array.from(s);
-                   }
-               },
+               items.forEach(function (item) {
+                 if (!item.id) return; // Automatically remove redundant `matchTags` - #3417
+                 // (i.e. This kv is already covered by matchGroups, so it doesn't need to be in `item.matchTags`)
 
+                 if (Array.isArray(item.matchTags) && item.matchTags.length) {
+                   item.matchTags = item.matchTags.filter(function (matchTag) {
+                     return !matchGroupKV.has(matchTag) && !genericKV.has(matchTag);
+                   });
+                   if (!item.matchTags.length) delete item.matchTags;
+                 } // key/value tagpairs to insert into the match index..
 
-               // save the current history state
-               checkpoint: function(key) {
-                   _checkpoints[key] = {
-                       stack: _stack,
-                       index: _index
-                   };
-                   return history;
-               },
 
+                 var kvTags = ["".concat(thiskv)].concat(item.matchTags || []);
 
-               // restore history state to a given checkpoint or reset completely
-               reset: function(key) {
-                   if (key !== undefined && _checkpoints.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
-                       _stack = _checkpoints[key].stack;
-                       _index = _checkpoints[key].index;
-                   } else {
-                       _stack = [{graph: coreGraph()}];
-                       _index = 0;
-                       _tree = coreTree(_stack[0].graph);
-                       _checkpoints = {};
-                   }
-                   dispatch$1.call('change');
-                   return history;
-               },
+                 if (!skipGenericKV) {
+                   kvTags = kvTags.concat(Array.from(genericKV)); // #3454 - match some generic tags
+                 } // Index all the namelike tag values
 
 
-               // `toIntroGraph()` is used to export the intro graph used by the walkthrough.
-               //
-               // To use it:
-               //  1. Start the walkthrough.
-               //  2. Get to a "free editing" tutorial step
-               //  3. Make your edits to the walkthrough map
-               //  4. In your browser dev console run:
-               //        `id.history().toIntroGraph()`
-               //  5. This outputs stringified JSON to the browser console
-               //  6. Copy it to `data/intro_graph.json` and prettify it in your code editor
-               toIntroGraph: function() {
-                   var nextID = { n: 0, r: 0, w: 0 };
-                   var permIDs = {};
-                   var graph = this.graph();
-                   var baseEntities = {};
-
-                   // clone base entities..
-                   Object.values(graph.base().entities).forEach(function(entity) {
-                       var copy = copyIntroEntity(entity);
-                       baseEntities[copy.id] = copy;
-                   });
+                 Object.keys(item.tags).forEach(function (osmkey) {
+                   if (notName.test(osmkey)) return; // osmkey is not a namelike tag, skip
 
-                   // replace base entities with head entities..
-                   Object.keys(graph.entities).forEach(function(id) {
-                       var entity = graph.entities[id];
-                       if (entity) {
-                           var copy = copyIntroEntity(entity);
-                           baseEntities[copy.id] = copy;
-                       } else {
-                           delete baseEntities[id];
-                       }
-                   });
+                   var osmvalue = item.tags[osmkey];
+                   if (!osmvalue || excludeRegexes.some(function (regex) {
+                     return regex.test(osmvalue);
+                   })) return; // osmvalue missing or excluded
 
-                   // swap temporary for permanent ids..
-                   Object.values(baseEntities).forEach(function(entity) {
-                       if (Array.isArray(entity.nodes)) {
-                           entity.nodes = entity.nodes.map(function(node) {
-                               return permIDs[node] || node;
-                           });
-                       }
-                       if (Array.isArray(entity.members)) {
-                           entity.members = entity.members.map(function(member) {
-                               member.id = permIDs[member.id] || member.id;
-                               return member;
-                           });
-                       }
+                   if (primaryName.test(osmkey)) {
+                     kvTags.forEach(function (kv) {
+                       return insertName('primary', t, kv, simplify$1(osmvalue), item.id);
+                     });
+                   } else if (alternateName.test(osmkey)) {
+                     kvTags.forEach(function (kv) {
+                       return insertName('alternate', t, kv, simplify$1(osmvalue), item.id);
+                     });
+                   }
+                 }); // Index `matchNames` after indexing all other names..
+
+                 var keepMatchNames = new Set();
+                 (item.matchNames || []).forEach(function (matchName) {
+                   // If this matchname isn't already indexed, add it to the alternate index
+                   var nsimple = simplify$1(matchName);
+                   kvTags.forEach(function (kv) {
+                     var branch = that.matchIndex.get(kv);
+                     var primaryLeaf = branch && branch.primary.get(nsimple);
+                     var alternateLeaf = branch && branch.alternate.get(nsimple);
+                     var inPrimary = primaryLeaf && primaryLeaf.has(item.id);
+                     var inAlternate = alternateLeaf && alternateLeaf.has(item.id);
+
+                     if (!inPrimary && !inAlternate) {
+                       insertName('alternate', t, kv, nsimple, item.id);
+                       keepMatchNames.add(matchName);
+                     }
                    });
+                 }); // Automatically remove redundant `matchNames` - #3417
+                 // (i.e. This name got indexed some other way, so it doesn't need to be in `item.matchNames`)
 
-                   return JSON.stringify({ dataIntroGraph: baseEntities });
+                 if (keepMatchNames.size) {
+                   item.matchNames = Array.from(keepMatchNames);
+                 } else {
+                   delete item.matchNames;
+                 }
+               }); // each item
+             }); // each tkv
+             // Insert this item into the matchIndex
 
+             function insertName(which, t, kv, nsimple, itemID) {
+               if (!nsimple) {
+                 that.warnings.push("Warning: skipping empty ".concat(which, " name for item ").concat(t, "/").concat(kv, ": ").concat(itemID));
+                 return;
+               }
 
-                   function copyIntroEntity(source) {
-                       var copy = utilObjectOmit(source, ['type', 'user', 'v', 'version', 'visible']);
+               var branch = that.matchIndex.get(kv);
 
-                       // Note: the copy is no longer an osmEntity, so it might not have `tags`
-                       if (copy.tags && !Object.keys(copy.tags)) {
-                           delete copy.tags;
-                       }
+               if (!branch) {
+                 branch = {
+                   primary: new Map(),
+                   alternate: new Map(),
+                   excludeGeneric: new Map(),
+                   excludeNamed: new Map()
+                 };
+                 that.matchIndex.set(kv, branch);
+               }
 
-                       if (Array.isArray(copy.loc)) {
-                           copy.loc[0] = +copy.loc[0].toFixed(6);
-                           copy.loc[1] = +copy.loc[1].toFixed(6);
-                       }
+               var leaf = branch[which].get(nsimple);
 
-                       var match = source.id.match(/([nrw])-\d*/);  // temporary id
-                       if (match !== null) {
-                           var nrw = match[1];
-                           var permID;
-                           do { permID = nrw + (++nextID[nrw]); }
-                           while (baseEntities.hasOwnProperty(permID));
+               if (!leaf) {
+                 leaf = new Set();
+                 branch[which].set(nsimple, leaf);
+               }
 
-                           copy.id = permIDs[source.id] = permID;
-                       }
-                       return copy;
-                   }
-               },
+               leaf.add(itemID); // insert
+               // check for duplicates - #5625
 
+               if (!/yes$/.test(kv)) {
+                 // ignore genericKV like amenity/yes, building/yes, etc
+                 var kvnsimple = "".concat(kv, "/").concat(nsimple);
+                 var existing = seenTree.get(kvnsimple);
 
-               toJSON: function() {
-                   if (!this.hasChanges()) return;
+                 if (existing && existing !== t) {
+                   var items = Array.from(leaf);
+                   that.warnings.push("Duplicate cache key \"".concat(kvnsimple, "\" in trees \"").concat(t, "\" and \"").concat(existing, "\", check items: ").concat(items));
+                   return;
+                 }
 
-                   var allEntities = {};
-                   var baseEntities = {};
-                   var base = _stack[0];
+                 seenTree.set(kvnsimple, t);
+               }
+             } // For certain categories we do not want to match generic KV pairs like `building/yes` or `amenity/yes`
 
-                   var s = _stack.map(function(i) {
-                       var modified = [];
-                       var deleted = [];
 
-                       Object.keys(i.graph.entities).forEach(function(id) {
-                           var entity = i.graph.entities[id];
-                           if (entity) {
-                               var key = osmEntity.key(entity);
-                               allEntities[key] = entity;
-                               modified.push(key);
-                           } else {
-                               deleted.push(id);
-                           }
+             function skipGenericKVMatches(t, k, v) {
+               return t === 'flags' || t === 'transit' || k === 'landuse' || v === 'atm' || v === 'bicycle_parking' || v === 'car_sharing' || v === 'caravan_site' || v === 'charging_station' || v === 'dog_park' || v === 'parking' || v === 'phone' || v === 'playground' || v === 'post_box' || v === 'public_bookcase' || v === 'recycling' || v === 'vending_machine';
+             }
+           } //
+           // `buildLocationIndex()`
+           // Call this to prepare a which-polygon location index.
+           // This *resolves* all the locationSets into GeoJSON, which takes some time.
+           // You can skip this step if you don't care about matching within a location.
+           //
+           // `data` needs to be an Object indexed on a 'tree/key/value' path.
+           // (e.g. cache filled by `fileTree.read` or data found in `dist/nsi.json`)
+           // {
+           //    'brands/amenity/bank': { properties: {}, items: [ {}, {}, … ] },
+           //    'brands/amenity/bar':  { properties: {}, items: [ {}, {}, … ] },
+           //    …
+           // }
+           //
 
-                           // make sure that the originals of changed or deleted entities get merged
-                           // into the base of the _stack after restoring the data from JSON.
-                           if (id in base.graph.entities) {
-                               baseEntities[id] = base.graph.entities[id];
-                           }
-                           if (entity && entity.nodes) {
-                               // get originals of pre-existing child nodes
-                               entity.nodes.forEach(function(nodeID) {
-                                   if (nodeID in base.graph.entities) {
-                                       baseEntities[nodeID] = base.graph.entities[nodeID];
-                                   }
-                               });
-                           }
-                           // get originals of parent entities too
-                           var baseParents = base.graph._parentWays[id];
-                           if (baseParents) {
-                               baseParents.forEach(function(parentID) {
-                                   if (parentID in base.graph.entities) {
-                                       baseEntities[parentID] = base.graph.entities[parentID];
-                                   }
-                               });
-                           }
-                       });
+         }, {
+           key: "buildLocationIndex",
+           value: function buildLocationIndex(data, loco) {
+             var that = this;
+             if (that.locationIndex) return; // it was built already
+
+             that.itemLocation = new Map();
+             that.locationSets = new Map();
+             Object.keys(data).forEach(function (tkv) {
+               var items = data[tkv].items;
+               if (!Array.isArray(items) || !items.length) return;
+               items.forEach(function (item) {
+                 if (that.itemLocation.has(item.id)) return; // we've seen item id already - shouldn't be possible?
+
+                 var resolved;
+
+                 try {
+                   resolved = loco.resolveLocationSet(item.locationSet); // resolve a feature for this locationSet
+                 } catch (err) {
+                   console.warn("buildLocationIndex: ".concat(err.message)); // couldn't resolve
+                 }
 
-                       var x = {};
+                 if (!resolved || !resolved.id) return;
+                 that.itemLocation.set(item.id, resolved.id); // link it to the item
 
-                       if (modified.length) x.modified = modified;
-                       if (deleted.length) x.deleted = deleted;
-                       if (i.imageryUsed) x.imageryUsed = i.imageryUsed;
-                       if (i.photoOverlaysUsed) x.photoOverlaysUsed = i.photoOverlaysUsed;
-                       if (i.annotation) x.annotation = i.annotation;
-                       if (i.transform) x.transform = i.transform;
-                       if (i.selectedIDs) x.selectedIDs = i.selectedIDs;
+                 if (that.locationSets.has(resolved.id)) return; // we've seen this locationSet feature before..
+                 // First time seeing this locationSet feature, make a copy and add to locationSet cache..
 
-                       return x;
-                   });
+                 var feature = _cloneDeep(resolved.feature);
 
-                   return JSON.stringify({
-                       version: 3,
-                       entities: Object.values(allEntities),
-                       baseEntities: Object.values(baseEntities),
-                       stack: s,
-                       nextIDs: osmEntity.id.next,
-                       index: _index,
-                       // note the time the changes were saved
-                       timestamp: (new Date()).getTime()
-                   });
-               },
+                 feature.id = resolved.id; // Important: always use the locationSet `id` (`+[Q30]`), not the feature `id` (`Q30`)
 
+                 feature.properties.id = resolved.id;
 
-               fromJSON: function(json, loadChildNodes) {
-                   var h = JSON.parse(json);
-                   var loadComplete = true;
+                 if (!feature.geometry.coordinates.length || !feature.properties.area) {
+                   console.warn("buildLocationIndex: locationSet ".concat(resolved.id, " for ").concat(item.id, " resolves to an empty feature:"));
+                   console.warn(JSON.stringify(feature));
+                   return;
+                 }
 
-                   osmEntity.id.next = h.nextIDs;
-                   _index = h.index;
+                 that.locationSets.set(resolved.id, feature);
+               });
+             });
+             that.locationIndex = whichPolygon_1({
+               type: 'FeatureCollection',
+               features: _toConsumableArray(that.locationSets.values())
+             });
 
-                   if (h.version === 2 || h.version === 3) {
-                       var allEntities = {};
+             function _cloneDeep(obj) {
+               return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj));
+             }
+           } //
+           // `match()`
+           // Pass parts and return an Array of matches.
+           // `k` - key
+           // `v` - value
+           // `n` - namelike
+           // `loc` - optional - [lon,lat] location to search
+           //
+           // 1. If the [k,v,n] tuple matches a canonical item…
+           // Return an Array of match results.
+           // Each result will include the area in km² that the item is valid.
+           //
+           // Order of results:
+           // Primary ordering will be on the "match" column:
+           //   "primary" - where the query matches the `name` tag, followed by
+           //   "alternate" - where the query matches an alternate name tag (e.g. short_name, brand, operator, etc)
+           // Secondary ordering will be on the "area" column:
+           //   "area descending" if no location was provided, (worldwide before local)
+           //   "area ascending" if location was provided (local before worldwide)
+           //
+           // [
+           //   { match: 'primary',   itemID: String,  area: Number,  kv: String,  nsimple: String },
+           //   { match: 'primary',   itemID: String,  area: Number,  kv: String,  nsimple: String },
+           //   { match: 'alternate', itemID: String,  area: Number,  kv: String,  nsimple: String },
+           //   { match: 'alternate', itemID: String,  area: Number,  kv: String,  nsimple: String },
+           //   …
+           // ]
+           //
+           // -or-
+           //
+           // 2. If the [k,v,n] tuple matches an exclude pattern…
+           // Return an Array with a single exclude result, either
+           //
+           // [ { match: 'excludeGeneric', pattern: String,  kv: String } ]  // "generic" e.g. "Food Court"
+           //   or
+           // [ { match: 'excludeNamed', pattern: String,  kv: String } ]    // "named", e.g. "Kebabai"
+           //
+           // About results
+           //   "generic" - a generic word that is probably not really a name.
+           //     For these, iD should warn the user "Hey don't put 'food court' in the name tag".
+           //   "named" - a real name like "Kebabai" that is just common, but not a brand.
+           //     For these, iD should just let it be. We don't include these in NSI, but we don't want to nag users about it either.
+           //
+           // -or-
+           //
+           // 3. If the [k,v,n] tuple matches nothing of any kind, return `null`
+           //
+           //
 
-                       h.entities.forEach(function(entity) {
-                           allEntities[osmEntity.key(entity)] = osmEntity(entity);
-                       });
+         }, {
+           key: "match",
+           value: function match(k, v, n, loc) {
+             var that = this;
+
+             if (!that.matchIndex) {
+               throw new Error('match:  matchIndex not built.');
+             } // If we were supplied a location, and a that.locationIndex has been set up,
+             // get the locationSets that are valid there so we can filter results.
+
+
+             var matchLocations;
+
+             if (Array.isArray(loc) && that.locationIndex) {
+               // which-polygon query returns an array of GeoJSON properties, pass true to return all results
+               matchLocations = that.locationIndex([loc[0], loc[1], loc[0], loc[1]], true);
+             }
+
+             var nsimple = simplify$1(n);
+             var seen = new Set();
+             var results = [];
+             gatherResults('primary');
+             gatherResults('alternate');
+             if (results.length) return results;
+             gatherResults('exclude');
+             return results.length ? results : null;
+
+             function gatherResults(which) {
+               // First try an exact match on k/v
+               var kv = "".concat(k, "/").concat(v);
+               var didMatch = tryMatch(which, kv);
+               if (didMatch) return; // If that didn't work, look in match groups for other pairs considered equivalent to k/v..
+
+               for (var mg in matchGroups) {
+                 var matchGroup = matchGroups[mg];
+                 var inGroup = matchGroup.some(function (otherkv) {
+                   return otherkv === kv;
+                 });
+                 if (!inGroup) continue;
 
-                       if (h.version === 3) {
-                           // This merges originals for changed entities into the base of
-                           // the _stack even if the current _stack doesn't have them (for
-                           // example when iD has been restarted in a different region)
-                           var baseEntities = h.baseEntities.map(function(d) { return osmEntity(d); });
-                           var stack = _stack.map(function(state) { return state.graph; });
-                           _stack[0].graph.rebase(baseEntities, stack, true);
-                           _tree.rebase(baseEntities, true);
-
-                           // When we restore a modified way, we also need to fetch any missing
-                           // childnodes that would normally have been downloaded with it.. #2142
-                           if (loadChildNodes) {
-                               var osm = context.connection();
-                               var baseWays = baseEntities
-                                   .filter(function(e) { return e.type === 'way'; });
-                               var nodeIDs = baseWays
-                                   .reduce(function(acc, way) { return utilArrayUnion(acc, way.nodes); }, []);
-                               var missing = nodeIDs
-                                   .filter(function(n) { return !_stack[0].graph.hasEntity(n); });
-
-                               if (missing.length && osm) {
-                                   loadComplete = false;
-                                   context.map().redrawEnable(false);
-
-                                   var loading = uiLoading(context).blocking(true);
-                                   context.container().call(loading);
-
-                                   var childNodesLoaded = function(err, result) {
-                                       if (!err) {
-                                           var visibleGroups = utilArrayGroupBy(result.data, 'visible');
-                                           var visibles = visibleGroups.true || [];      // alive nodes
-                                           var invisibles = visibleGroups.false || [];   // deleted nodes
-
-                                           if (visibles.length) {
-                                               var visibleIDs = visibles.map(function(entity) { return entity.id; });
-                                               var stack = _stack.map(function(state) { return state.graph; });
-                                               missing = utilArrayDifference(missing, visibleIDs);
-                                               _stack[0].graph.rebase(visibles, stack, true);
-                                               _tree.rebase(visibles, true);
-                                           }
-
-                                           // fetch older versions of nodes that were deleted..
-                                           invisibles.forEach(function(entity) {
-                                               osm.loadEntityVersion(entity.id, +entity.version - 1, childNodesLoaded);
-                                           });
-                                       }
-
-                                       if (err || !missing.length) {
-                                           loading.close();
-                                           context.map().redrawEnable(true);
-                                           dispatch$1.call('change');
-                                           dispatch$1.call('restore', this);
-                                       }
-                                   };
-
-                                   osm.loadMultiple(missing, childNodesLoaded);
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
+                 for (var i = 0; i < matchGroup.length; i++) {
+                   var otherkv = matchGroup[i];
+                   if (otherkv === kv) continue; // skip self
 
-                       _stack = h.stack.map(function(d) {
-                           var entities = {}, entity;
+                   didMatch = tryMatch(which, otherkv);
+                   if (didMatch) return;
+                 }
+               } // If finished 'exclude' pass and still haven't matched anything, try the global `genericWords.json` patterns
 
-                           if (d.modified) {
-                               d.modified.forEach(function(key) {
-                                   entity = allEntities[key];
-                                   entities[entity.id] = entity;
-                               });
-                           }
 
-                           if (d.deleted) {
-                               d.deleted.forEach(function(id) {
-                                   entities[id] = undefined;
-                               });
-                           }
+               if (which === 'exclude') {
+                 var regex = _toConsumableArray(that.genericWords.values()).find(function (regex) {
+                   return regex.test(n);
+                 });
 
-                           return {
-                               graph: coreGraph(_stack[0].graph).load(entities),
-                               annotation: d.annotation,
-                               imageryUsed: d.imageryUsed,
-                               photoOverlaysUsed: d.photoOverlaysUsed,
-                               transform: d.transform,
-                               selectedIDs: d.selectedIDs
-                           };
-                       });
+                 if (regex) {
+                   results.push({
+                     match: 'excludeGeneric',
+                     pattern: String(regex)
+                   }); // note no `branch`, no `kv`
 
-                   } else { // original version
-                       _stack = h.stack.map(function(d) {
-                           var entities = {};
+                   return;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-                           for (var i in d.entities) {
-                               var entity = d.entities[i];
-                               entities[i] = entity === 'undefined' ? undefined : osmEntity(entity);
-                           }
+             function tryMatch(which, kv) {
+               var branch = that.matchIndex.get(kv);
+               if (!branch) return;
 
-                           d.graph = coreGraph(_stack[0].graph).load(entities);
-                           return d;
-                       });
-                   }
+               if (which === 'exclude') {
+                 // Test name `n` against named and generic exclude patterns
+                 var regex = _toConsumableArray(branch.excludeNamed.values()).find(function (regex) {
+                   return regex.test(n);
+                 });
 
-                   var transform = _stack[_index].transform;
-                   if (transform) {
-                       context.map().transformEase(transform, 0);   // 0 = immediate, no easing
-                   }
+                 if (regex) {
+                   results.push({
+                     match: 'excludeNamed',
+                     pattern: String(regex),
+                     kv: kv
+                   });
+                   return;
+                 }
 
-                   if (loadComplete) {
-                       dispatch$1.call('change');
-                       dispatch$1.call('restore', this);
-                   }
+                 regex = _toConsumableArray(branch.excludeGeneric.values()).find(function (regex) {
+                   return regex.test(n);
+                 });
 
-                   return history;
-               },
+                 if (regex) {
+                   results.push({
+                     match: 'excludeGeneric',
+                     pattern: String(regex),
+                     kv: kv
+                   });
+                   return;
+                 }
 
+                 return;
+               }
 
-               lock: function() {
-                   return lock.lock();
-               },
+               var leaf = branch[which].get(nsimple);
+               if (!leaf || !leaf.size) return; // If we get here, we matched something..
+               // Prepare the results, calculate areas (if location index was set up)
 
+               var hits = Array.from(leaf).map(function (itemID) {
+                 var area = Infinity;
 
-               unlock: function() {
-                   lock.unlock();
-               },
+                 if (that.itemLocation && that.locationSets) {
+                   var location = that.locationSets.get(that.itemLocation.get(itemID));
+                   area = location && location.properties.area || Infinity;
+                 }
 
+                 return {
+                   match: which,
+                   itemID: itemID,
+                   area: area,
+                   kv: kv,
+                   nsimple: nsimple
+                 };
+               });
+               var sortFn = byAreaDescending; // Filter the match to include only results valid in the requested `loc`..
+
+               if (matchLocations) {
+                 hits = hits.filter(isValidLocation);
+                 sortFn = byAreaAscending;
+               }
 
-               save: function() {
-                   if (lock.locked() &&
-                       // don't overwrite existing, unresolved changes
-                       !_hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges) {
+               if (!hits.length) return; // push results
 
-                       corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'), history.toJSON() || null);
-                   }
-                   return history;
-               },
+               hits.sort(sortFn).forEach(function (hit) {
+                 if (seen.has(hit.itemID)) return;
+                 seen.add(hit.itemID);
+                 results.push(hit);
+               });
+               return true;
 
+               function isValidLocation(hit) {
+                 if (!that.itemLocation) return true;
+                 return matchLocations.find(function (props) {
+                   return props.id === that.itemLocation.get(hit.itemID);
+                 });
+               } // Sort smaller (more local) locations first.
 
-               // delete the history version saved in localStorage
-               clearSaved: function() {
-                   context.debouncedSave.cancel();
-                   if (lock.locked()) {
-                       _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges = false;
-                       corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'), null);
 
-                       // clear the changeset metadata associated with the saved history
-                       corePreferences('comment', null);
-                       corePreferences('hashtags', null);
-                       corePreferences('source', null);
-                   }
-                   return history;
-               },
+               function byAreaAscending(hitA, hitB) {
+                 return hitA.area - hitB.area;
+               } // Sort larger (more worldwide) locations first.
 
 
-               savedHistoryJSON: function() {
-                   return corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'));
-               },
+               function byAreaDescending(hitA, hitB) {
+                 return hitB.area - hitA.area;
+               }
+             }
+           } //
+           // `getWarnings()`
+           // Return any warnings discovered when buiding the index.
+           // (currently this does nothing)
+           //
 
+         }, {
+           key: "getWarnings",
+           value: function getWarnings() {
+             return this.warnings;
+           }
+         }]);
 
-               hasRestorableChanges: function() {
-                   return _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges;
-               },
+         return Matcher;
+       }();
 
+       /*
+           iD.coreDifference represents the difference between two graphs.
+           It knows how to calculate the set of entities that were
+           created, modified, or deleted, and also contains the logic
+           for recursively extending a difference to the complete set
+           of entities that will require a redraw, taking into account
+           child and parent relationships.
+        */
 
-               // load history from a version stored in localStorage
-               restore: function() {
-                   if (lock.locked()) {
-                       _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges = false;
-                       var json = this.savedHistoryJSON();
-                       if (json) history.fromJSON(json, true);
-                   }
-               },
+       function coreDifference(base, head) {
+         var _changes = {};
+         var _didChange = {}; // 'addition', 'deletion', 'geometry', 'properties'
 
+         var _diff = {};
 
-               _getKey: getKey
+         function checkEntityID(id) {
+           var h = head.entities[id];
+           var b = base.entities[id];
+           if (h === b) return;
+           if (_changes[id]) return;
 
-           };
+           if (!h && b) {
+             _changes[id] = {
+               base: b,
+               head: h
+             };
+             _didChange.deletion = true;
+             return;
+           }
 
+           if (h && !b) {
+             _changes[id] = {
+               base: b,
+               head: h
+             };
+             _didChange.addition = true;
+             return;
+           }
 
-           history.reset();
+           if (h && b) {
+             if (h.members && b.members && !fastDeepEqual(h.members, b.members)) {
+               _changes[id] = {
+                 base: b,
+                 head: h
+               };
+               _didChange.geometry = true;
+               _didChange.properties = true;
+               return;
+             }
 
-           return utilRebind(history, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+             if (h.loc && b.loc && !geoVecEqual(h.loc, b.loc)) {
+               _changes[id] = {
+                 base: b,
+                 head: h
+               };
+               _didChange.geometry = true;
+             }
 
-       /**
-        * Look for roads that can be connected to other roads with a short extension
-        */
-       function validationAlmostJunction(context) {
-         const type = 'almost_junction';
-         const EXTEND_TH_METERS = 5;
-         const WELD_TH_METERS = 0.75;
-         // Comes from considering bounding case of parallel ways
-         const CLOSE_NODE_TH = EXTEND_TH_METERS - WELD_TH_METERS;
-         // Comes from considering bounding case of perpendicular ways
-         const SIG_ANGLE_TH = Math.atan(WELD_TH_METERS / EXTEND_TH_METERS);
+             if (h.nodes && b.nodes && !fastDeepEqual(h.nodes, b.nodes)) {
+               _changes[id] = {
+                 base: b,
+                 head: h
+               };
+               _didChange.geometry = true;
+             }
 
-         function isHighway(entity) {
-           return entity.type === 'way'
-             && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[entity.tags.highway];
+             if (h.tags && b.tags && !fastDeepEqual(h.tags, b.tags)) {
+               _changes[id] = {
+                 base: b,
+                 head: h
+               };
+               _didChange.properties = true;
+             }
+           }
          }
 
-         function isTaggedAsNotContinuing(node) {
-           return node.tags.noexit === 'yes'
-             || node.tags.amenity === 'parking_entrance'
-             || (node.tags.entrance && node.tags.entrance !== 'no');
+         function load() {
+           // HOT CODE: there can be many thousands of downloaded entities, so looping
+           // through them all can become a performance bottleneck. Optimize by
+           // resolving duplicates and using a basic `for` loop
+           var ids = utilArrayUniq(Object.keys(head.entities).concat(Object.keys(base.entities)));
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
+             checkEntityID(ids[i]);
+           }
          }
 
+         load();
 
-         const validation = function checkAlmostJunction(entity, graph) {
-           if (!isHighway(entity)) return [];
-           if (entity.isDegenerate()) return [];
+         _diff.length = function length() {
+           return Object.keys(_changes).length;
+         };
 
-           const tree = context.history().tree();
-           const extendableNodeInfos = findConnectableEndNodesByExtension(entity);
+         _diff.changes = function changes() {
+           return _changes;
+         };
 
-           let issues = [];
+         _diff.didChange = _didChange; // pass true to include affected relation members
 
-           extendableNodeInfos.forEach(extendableNodeInfo => {
-             issues.push(new validationIssue({
-               type,
-               subtype: 'highway-highway',
-               severity: 'warning',
-               message(context) {
-                 const entity1 = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                 if (this.entityIds[0] === this.entityIds[2]) {
-                   return entity1 ? _t('issues.almost_junction.self.message', {
-                     feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity1, context.graph())
-                   }) : '';
-                 } else {
-                   const entity2 = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[2]);
-                   return (entity1 && entity2) ? _t('issues.almost_junction.message', {
-                     feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity1, context.graph()),
-                     feature2: utilDisplayLabel(entity2, context.graph())
-                   }) : '';
+         _diff.extantIDs = function extantIDs(includeRelMembers) {
+           var result = new Set();
+           Object.keys(_changes).forEach(function (id) {
+             if (_changes[id].head) {
+               result.add(id);
+             }
+
+             var h = _changes[id].head;
+             var b = _changes[id].base;
+             var entity = h || b;
+
+             if (includeRelMembers && entity.type === 'relation') {
+               var mh = h ? h.members.map(function (m) {
+                 return m.id;
+               }) : [];
+               var mb = b ? b.members.map(function (m) {
+                 return m.id;
+               }) : [];
+               utilArrayUnion(mh, mb).forEach(function (memberID) {
+                 if (head.hasEntity(memberID)) {
+                   result.add(memberID);
                  }
-               },
-               reference: showReference,
-               entityIds: [
-                 entity.id,
-                 extendableNodeInfo.node.id,
-                 extendableNodeInfo.wid,
-               ],
-               loc: extendableNodeInfo.node.loc,
-               hash: JSON.stringify(extendableNodeInfo.node.loc),
-               data: {
-                 midId: extendableNodeInfo.mid.id,
-                 edge: extendableNodeInfo.edge,
-                 cross_loc: extendableNodeInfo.cross_loc
-               },
-               dynamicFixes: makeFixes
-             }));
+               });
+             }
            });
+           return Array.from(result);
+         };
 
-           return issues;
+         _diff.modified = function modified() {
+           var result = [];
+           Object.values(_changes).forEach(function (change) {
+             if (change.base && change.head) {
+               result.push(change.head);
+             }
+           });
+           return result;
+         };
 
-           function makeFixes(context) {
-             let fixes = [new validationIssueFix({
-               icon: 'iD-icon-abutment',
-               title: _t('issues.fix.connect_features.title'),
-               onClick(context) {
-                 const annotation = _t('issues.fix.connect_almost_junction.annotation');
-                 const [, endNodeId, crossWayId] = this.issue.entityIds;
-                 const midNode = context.entity(this.issue.data.midId);
-                 const endNode = context.entity(endNodeId);
-                 const crossWay = context.entity(crossWayId);
-
-                 // When endpoints are close, just join if resulting small change in angle (#7201)
-                 const nearEndNodes = findNearbyEndNodes(endNode, crossWay);
-                 if (nearEndNodes.length > 0) {
-                   const collinear = findSmallJoinAngle(midNode, endNode, nearEndNodes);
-                   if (collinear) {
-                     context.perform(
-                       actionMergeNodes([collinear.id, endNode.id], collinear.loc),
-                       annotation
-                     );
-                     return;
-                   }
-                 }
+         _diff.created = function created() {
+           var result = [];
+           Object.values(_changes).forEach(function (change) {
+             if (!change.base && change.head) {
+               result.push(change.head);
+             }
+           });
+           return result;
+         };
 
-                 const targetEdge = this.issue.data.edge;
-                 const crossLoc = this.issue.data.cross_loc;
-                 const edgeNodes = [context.entity(targetEdge[0]), context.entity(targetEdge[1])];
-                 const closestNodeInfo = geoSphericalClosestNode(edgeNodes, crossLoc);
+         _diff.deleted = function deleted() {
+           var result = [];
+           Object.values(_changes).forEach(function (change) {
+             if (change.base && !change.head) {
+               result.push(change.base);
+             }
+           });
+           return result;
+         };
 
-                 // already a point nearby, just connect to that
-                 if (closestNodeInfo.distance < WELD_TH_METERS) {
-                   context.perform(
-                     actionMergeNodes([closestNodeInfo.node.id, endNode.id], closestNodeInfo.node.loc),
-                     annotation
-                   );
-                 // else add the end node to the edge way
-                 } else {
-                   context.perform(
-                     actionAddMidpoint({loc: crossLoc, edge: targetEdge}, endNode),
-                     annotation
-                   );
-                 }
+         _diff.summary = function summary() {
+           var relevant = {};
+           var keys = Object.keys(_changes);
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
+             var change = _changes[keys[i]];
+
+             if (change.head && change.head.geometry(head) !== 'vertex') {
+               addEntity(change.head, head, change.base ? 'modified' : 'created');
+             } else if (change.base && change.base.geometry(base) !== 'vertex') {
+               addEntity(change.base, base, 'deleted');
+             } else if (change.base && change.head) {
+               // modified vertex
+               var moved = !fastDeepEqual(change.base.loc, change.head.loc);
+               var retagged = !fastDeepEqual(change.base.tags, change.head.tags);
+
+               if (moved) {
+                 addParents(change.head);
                }
-             })];
 
-             const node = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]);
-             if (node && !node.hasInterestingTags()) {
-               // node has no descriptive tags, suggest noexit fix
-               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                 icon: 'maki-barrier',
-                 title: _t('issues.fix.tag_as_disconnected.title'),
-                 onClick(context) {
-                   const nodeID = this.issue.entityIds[1];
-                   const tags = Object.assign({}, context.entity(nodeID).tags);
-                   tags.noexit = 'yes';
-                   context.perform(
-                     actionChangeTags(nodeID, tags),
-                     _t('issues.fix.tag_as_disconnected.annotation')
-                   );
-                 }
-               }));
+               if (retagged || moved && change.head.hasInterestingTags()) {
+                 addEntity(change.head, head, 'modified');
+               }
+             } else if (change.head && change.head.hasInterestingTags()) {
+               // created vertex
+               addEntity(change.head, head, 'created');
+             } else if (change.base && change.base.hasInterestingTags()) {
+               // deleted vertex
+               addEntity(change.base, base, 'deleted');
              }
-
-             return fixes;
            }
 
-           function showReference(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-               .data([0])
-               .enter()
-               .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-               .text(_t('issues.almost_junction.highway-highway.reference'));
+           return Object.values(relevant);
+
+           function addEntity(entity, graph, changeType) {
+             relevant[entity.id] = {
+               entity: entity,
+               graph: graph,
+               changeType: changeType
+             };
            }
 
-           function isExtendableCandidate(node, way) {
-             // can not accurately test vertices on tiles not downloaded from osm - #5938
-             const osm = services.osm;
-             if (osm && !osm.isDataLoaded(node.loc)) {
-               return false;
-             }
-             if (isTaggedAsNotContinuing(node) || graph.parentWays(node).length !== 1) {
-               return false;
-             }
+           function addParents(entity) {
+             var parents = head.parentWays(entity);
 
-             let occurences = 0;
-             for (const index in way.nodes) {
-               if (way.nodes[index] === node.id) {
-                 occurences += 1;
-                 if (occurences > 1) {
-                   return false;
-                 }
+             for (var j = parents.length - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+               var parent = parents[j];
+
+               if (!(parent.id in relevant)) {
+                 addEntity(parent, head, 'modified');
                }
              }
-             return true;
            }
+         }; // returns complete set of entities that require a redraw
+         //  (optionally within given `extent`)
 
-           function findConnectableEndNodesByExtension(way) {
-             let results = [];
-             if (way.isClosed()) return results;
 
-             let testNodes;
-             const indices = [0, way.nodes.length - 1];
-             indices.forEach(nodeIndex => {
-               const nodeID = way.nodes[nodeIndex];
-               const node = graph.entity(nodeID);
+         _diff.complete = function complete(extent) {
+           var result = {};
+           var id, change;
 
-               if (!isExtendableCandidate(node, way)) return;
+           for (id in _changes) {
+             change = _changes[id];
+             var h = change.head;
+             var b = change.base;
+             var entity = h || b;
+             var i;
 
-               const connectionInfo = canConnectByExtend(way, nodeIndex);
-               if (!connectionInfo) return;
+             if (extent && (!h || !h.intersects(extent, head)) && (!b || !b.intersects(extent, base))) {
+               continue;
+             }
 
-               testNodes = graph.childNodes(way).slice();   // shallow copy
-               testNodes[nodeIndex] = testNodes[nodeIndex].move(connectionInfo.cross_loc);
+             result[id] = h;
 
-               // don't flag issue if connecting the ways would cause self-intersection
-               if (geoHasSelfIntersections(testNodes, nodeID)) return;
+             if (entity.type === 'way') {
+               var nh = h ? h.nodes : [];
+               var nb = b ? b.nodes : [];
+               var diff;
+               diff = utilArrayDifference(nh, nb);
 
-               results.push(connectionInfo);
-             });
+               for (i = 0; i < diff.length; i++) {
+                 result[diff[i]] = head.hasEntity(diff[i]);
+               }
 
-             return results;
-           }
+               diff = utilArrayDifference(nb, nh);
 
-           function findNearbyEndNodes(node, way) {
-             return [
-               way.nodes[0],
-               way.nodes[way.nodes.length - 1]
-             ].map(d => graph.entity(d))
-             .filter(d => {
-               // Node cannot be near to itself, but other endnode of same way could be
-               return d.id !== node.id
-                 && geoSphericalDistance(node.loc, d.loc) <= CLOSE_NODE_TH;
-             });
-           }
+               for (i = 0; i < diff.length; i++) {
+                 result[diff[i]] = head.hasEntity(diff[i]);
+               }
+             }
 
-           function findSmallJoinAngle(midNode, tipNode, endNodes) {
-             // Both nodes could be close, so want to join whichever is closest to collinear
-             let joinTo;
-             let minAngle = Infinity;
+             if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
+               var mh = h ? h.members.map(function (m) {
+                 return m.id;
+               }) : [];
+               var mb = b ? b.members.map(function (m) {
+                 return m.id;
+               }) : [];
+               var ids = utilArrayUnion(mh, mb);
 
-             // Checks midNode -> tipNode -> endNode for collinearity
-             endNodes.forEach(endNode => {
-               const a1 = geoAngle(midNode, tipNode, context.projection) + Math.PI;
-               const a2 = geoAngle(midNode, endNode, context.projection) + Math.PI;
-               const diff = Math.max(a1, a2) - Math.min(a1, a2);
+               for (i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
+                 var member = head.hasEntity(ids[i]);
+                 if (!member) continue; // not downloaded
 
-               if (diff < minAngle) {
-                 joinTo = endNode;
-                 minAngle = diff;
-               }
-             });
+                 if (extent && !member.intersects(extent, head)) continue; // not visible
 
-             /* Threshold set by considering right angle triangle
-             based on node joining threshold and extension distance */
-             if (minAngle <= SIG_ANGLE_TH) return joinTo;
+                 result[ids[i]] = member;
+               }
+             }
 
-             return null;
+             addParents(head.parentWays(entity), result);
+             addParents(head.parentRelations(entity), result);
            }
 
-           function hasTag(tags, key) {
-             return tags[key] !== undefined && tags[key] !== 'no';
-           }
+           return result;
 
-           function canConnectWays(way, way2) {
+           function addParents(parents, result) {
+             for (var i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
+               var parent = parents[i];
+               if (parent.id in result) continue;
+               result[parent.id] = parent;
+               addParents(head.parentRelations(parent), result);
+             }
+           }
+         };
 
-             // allow self-connections
-             if (way.id === way2.id) return true;
+         return _diff;
+       }
 
-             // if one is bridge or tunnel, both must be bridge or tunnel
-             if ((hasTag(way.tags, 'bridge') || hasTag(way2.tags, 'bridge')) &&
-               !(hasTag(way.tags, 'bridge') && hasTag(way2.tags, 'bridge'))) return false;
-             if ((hasTag(way.tags, 'tunnel') || hasTag(way2.tags, 'tunnel')) &&
-               !(hasTag(way.tags, 'tunnel') && hasTag(way2.tags, 'tunnel'))) return false;
+       function coreTree(head) {
+         // tree for entities
+         var _rtree = new RBush();
 
-             // must have equivalent layers and levels
-             const layer1 = way.tags.layer || '0',
-               layer2 = way2.tags.layer || '0';
-             if (layer1 !== layer2) return false;
+         var _bboxes = {}; // maintain a separate tree for granular way segments
 
-             const level1 = way.tags.level || '0',
-               level2 = way2.tags.level || '0';
-             if (level1 !== level2) return false;
+         var _segmentsRTree = new RBush();
 
-             return true;
-           }
+         var _segmentsBBoxes = {};
+         var _segmentsByWayId = {};
+         var tree = {};
 
-           function canConnectByExtend(way, endNodeIdx) {
-             const tipNid = way.nodes[endNodeIdx];  // the 'tip' node for extension point
-             const midNid = endNodeIdx === 0 ? way.nodes[1] : way.nodes[way.nodes.length - 2];  // the other node of the edge
-             const tipNode = graph.entity(tipNid);
-             const midNode = graph.entity(midNid);
-             const lon = tipNode.loc[0];
-             const lat = tipNode.loc[1];
-             const lon_range = geoMetersToLon(EXTEND_TH_METERS, lat) / 2;
-             const lat_range = geoMetersToLat(EXTEND_TH_METERS) / 2;
-             const queryExtent = geoExtent([
-               [lon - lon_range, lat - lat_range],
-               [lon + lon_range, lat + lat_range]
-             ]);
-
-             // first, extend the edge of [midNode -> tipNode] by EXTEND_TH_METERS and find the "extended tip" location
-             const edgeLen = geoSphericalDistance(midNode.loc, tipNode.loc);
-             const t = EXTEND_TH_METERS / edgeLen + 1.0;
-             const extTipLoc = geoVecInterp(midNode.loc, tipNode.loc, t);
-
-             // then, check if the extension part [tipNode.loc -> extTipLoc] intersects any other ways
-             const segmentInfos = tree.waySegments(queryExtent, graph);
-             for (let i = 0; i < segmentInfos.length; i++) {
-               let segmentInfo = segmentInfos[i];
-
-               let way2 = graph.entity(segmentInfo.wayId);
+         function entityBBox(entity) {
+           var bbox = entity.extent(head).bbox();
+           bbox.id = entity.id;
+           _bboxes[entity.id] = bbox;
+           return bbox;
+         }
 
-               if (!isHighway(way2)) continue;
+         function segmentBBox(segment) {
+           var extent = segment.extent(head); // extent can be null if the node entities aren't in the graph for some reason
 
-               if (!canConnectWays(way, way2)) continue;
+           if (!extent) return null;
+           var bbox = extent.bbox();
+           bbox.segment = segment;
+           _segmentsBBoxes[segment.id] = bbox;
+           return bbox;
+         }
 
-               let nAid = segmentInfo.nodes[0],
-                 nBid = segmentInfo.nodes[1];
+         function removeEntity(entity) {
+           _rtree.remove(_bboxes[entity.id]);
 
-               if (nAid === tipNid || nBid === tipNid) continue;
+           delete _bboxes[entity.id];
 
-               let nA = graph.entity(nAid),
-                 nB = graph.entity(nBid);
-               let crossLoc = geoLineIntersection([tipNode.loc, extTipLoc], [nA.loc, nB.loc]);
-               if (crossLoc) {
-                 return {
-                   mid: midNode,
-                   node: tipNode,
-                   wid: way2.id,
-                   edge: [nA.id, nB.id],
-                   cross_loc: crossLoc
-                 };
-               }
-             }
-             return null;
-           }
-         };
+           if (_segmentsByWayId[entity.id]) {
+             _segmentsByWayId[entity.id].forEach(function (segment) {
+               _segmentsRTree.remove(_segmentsBBoxes[segment.id]);
 
-         validation.type = type;
+               delete _segmentsBBoxes[segment.id];
+             });
 
-         return validation;
-       }
+             delete _segmentsByWayId[entity.id];
+           }
+         }
 
-       function validationCloseNodes(context) {
-           var type = 'close_nodes';
+         function loadEntities(entities) {
+           _rtree.load(entities.map(entityBBox));
 
-           var pointThresholdMeters = 0.2;
+           var segments = [];
+           entities.forEach(function (entity) {
+             if (entity.segments) {
+               var entitySegments = entity.segments(head); // cache these to make them easy to remove later
 
-           var validation = function(entity, graph) {
-               if (entity.type === 'node') {
-                   return getIssuesForNode(entity);
-               } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                   return getIssuesForWay(entity);
-               }
-               return [];
+               _segmentsByWayId[entity.id] = entitySegments;
+               segments = segments.concat(entitySegments);
+             }
+           });
+           if (segments.length) _segmentsRTree.load(segments.map(segmentBBox).filter(Boolean));
+         }
 
-               function getIssuesForNode(node) {
-                   var parentWays = graph.parentWays(node);
-                   if (parentWays.length) {
-                       return getIssuesForVertex(node, parentWays);
-                   } else {
-                       return getIssuesForDetachedPoint(node);
-                   }
-               }
+         function updateParents(entity, insertions, memo) {
+           head.parentWays(entity).forEach(function (way) {
+             if (_bboxes[way.id]) {
+               removeEntity(way);
+               insertions[way.id] = way;
+             }
 
-               function wayTypeFor(way) {
+             updateParents(way, insertions, memo);
+           });
+           head.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function (relation) {
+             if (memo[entity.id]) return;
+             memo[entity.id] = true;
 
-                   if (way.tags.boundary && way.tags.boundary !== 'no') return 'boundary';
-                   if (way.tags.indoor && way.tags.indoor !== 'no') return 'indoor';
-                   if ((way.tags.building && way.tags.building !== 'no') ||
-                       (way.tags['building:part'] && way.tags['building:part'] !== 'no')) return 'building';
-                   if (osmPathHighwayTagValues[way.tags.highway]) return 'path';
+             if (_bboxes[relation.id]) {
+               removeEntity(relation);
+               insertions[relation.id] = relation;
+             }
 
-                   var parentRelations = graph.parentRelations(way);
-                   for (var i in parentRelations) {
-                       var relation = parentRelations[i];
+             updateParents(relation, insertions, memo);
+           });
+         }
 
-                       if (relation.tags.type === 'boundary') return 'boundary';
+         tree.rebase = function (entities, force) {
+           var insertions = {};
 
-                       if (relation.isMultipolygon()) {
-                           if (relation.tags.indoor && relation.tags.indoor !== 'no') return 'indoor';
-                           if ((relation.tags.building && relation.tags.building !== 'no') ||
-                               (relation.tags['building:part'] && relation.tags['building:part'] !== 'no')) return 'building';
-                       }
-                   }
+           for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+             var entity = entities[i];
+             if (!entity.visible) continue;
 
-                   return 'other';
+             if (head.entities.hasOwnProperty(entity.id) || _bboxes[entity.id]) {
+               if (!force) {
+                 continue;
+               } else if (_bboxes[entity.id]) {
+                 removeEntity(entity);
                }
+             }
 
-               function shouldCheckWay(way) {
+             insertions[entity.id] = entity;
+             updateParents(entity, insertions, {});
+           }
 
-                   // don't flag issues where merging would create degenerate ways
-                   if (way.nodes.length <= 2 ||
-                       (way.isClosed() && way.nodes.length <= 4)) return false;
+           loadEntities(Object.values(insertions));
+           return tree;
+         };
 
-                   var bbox = way.extent(graph).bbox();
-                   var hypotenuseMeters = geoSphericalDistance([bbox.minX, bbox.minY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.maxY]);
-                   // don't flag close nodes in very small ways
-                   if (hypotenuseMeters < 1.5) return false;
+         function updateToGraph(graph) {
+           if (graph === head) return;
+           var diff = coreDifference(head, graph);
+           head = graph;
+           var changed = diff.didChange;
+           if (!changed.addition && !changed.deletion && !changed.geometry) return;
+           var insertions = {};
 
-                   return true;
-               }
+           if (changed.deletion) {
+             diff.deleted().forEach(function (entity) {
+               removeEntity(entity);
+             });
+           }
 
-               function getIssuesForWay(way) {
-                   if (!shouldCheckWay(way)) return [];
+           if (changed.geometry) {
+             diff.modified().forEach(function (entity) {
+               removeEntity(entity);
+               insertions[entity.id] = entity;
+               updateParents(entity, insertions, {});
+             });
+           }
 
-                   var issues = [],
-                       nodes = graph.childNodes(way);
-                   for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length - 1; i++) {
-                       var node1 = nodes[i];
-                       var node2 = nodes[i+1];
+           if (changed.addition) {
+             diff.created().forEach(function (entity) {
+               insertions[entity.id] = entity;
+             });
+           }
 
-                       var issue = getWayIssueIfAny(node1, node2, way);
-                       if (issue) issues.push(issue);
-                   }
-                   return issues;
-               }
+           loadEntities(Object.values(insertions));
+         } // returns an array of entities with bounding boxes overlapping `extent` for the given `graph`
 
-               function getIssuesForVertex(node, parentWays) {
-                   var issues = [];
 
-                   function checkForCloseness(node1, node2, way) {
-                       var issue = getWayIssueIfAny(node1, node2, way);
-                       if (issue) issues.push(issue);
-                   }
+         tree.intersects = function (extent, graph) {
+           updateToGraph(graph);
+           return _rtree.search(extent.bbox()).map(function (bbox) {
+             return graph.entity(bbox.id);
+           });
+         }; // returns an array of segment objects with bounding boxes overlapping `extent` for the given `graph`
 
-                   for (var i = 0; i < parentWays.length; i++) {
-                       var parentWay = parentWays[i];
 
-                       if (!shouldCheckWay(parentWay)) continue;
+         tree.waySegments = function (extent, graph) {
+           updateToGraph(graph);
+           return _segmentsRTree.search(extent.bbox()).map(function (bbox) {
+             return bbox.segment;
+           });
+         };
 
-                       var lastIndex = parentWay.nodes.length - 1;
-                       for (var j = 0; j < parentWay.nodes.length; j++) {
-                           if (j !== 0) {
-                               if (parentWay.nodes[j-1] === node.id) {
-                                   checkForCloseness(node, graph.entity(parentWay.nodes[j]), parentWay);
-                               }
-                           }
-                           if (j !== lastIndex) {
-                               if (parentWay.nodes[j+1] === node.id) {
-                                   checkForCloseness(graph.entity(parentWay.nodes[j]), node, parentWay);
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
-                   return issues;
-               }
+         return tree;
+       }
 
-               function thresholdMetersForWay(way) {
-                   if (!shouldCheckWay(way)) return 0;
+       function svgIcon(name, svgklass, useklass) {
+         return function drawIcon(selection) {
+           selection.selectAll('svg.icon' + (svgklass ? '.' + svgklass.split(' ')[0] : '')).data([0]).enter().append('svg').attr('class', 'icon ' + (svgklass || '')).append('use').attr('xlink:href', name).attr('class', useklass);
+         };
+       }
 
-                   var wayType = wayTypeFor(way);
+       function uiModal(selection, blocking) {
+         var _this = this;
 
-                   // don't flag boundaries since they might be highly detailed and can't be easily verified
-                   if (wayType === 'boundary') return 0;
-                   // expect some features to be mapped with higher levels of detail
-                   if (wayType === 'indoor') return 0.01;
-                   if (wayType === 'building') return 0.05;
-                   if (wayType === 'path') return 0.1;
-                   return 0.2;
-               }
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('modal');
+         var previous = selection.select('div.modal');
+         var animate = previous.empty();
+         previous.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 0).remove();
+         var shaded = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'shaded').style('opacity', 0);
 
-               function getIssuesForDetachedPoint(node) {
+         shaded.close = function () {
+           shaded.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 0).remove();
+           modal.transition().duration(200).style('top', '0px');
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+         };
 
-                   var issues = [];
+         var modal = shaded.append('div').attr('class', 'modal fillL');
+         modal.append('input').attr('class', 'keytrap keytrap-first').on('focus.keytrap', moveFocusToLast);
 
-                   var lon = node.loc[0];
-                   var lat = node.loc[1];
-                   var lon_range = geoMetersToLon(pointThresholdMeters, lat) / 2;
-                   var lat_range = geoMetersToLat(pointThresholdMeters) / 2;
-                   var queryExtent = geoExtent([
-                       [lon - lon_range, lat - lat_range],
-                       [lon + lon_range, lat + lat_range]
-                   ]);
+         if (!blocking) {
+           shaded.on('click.remove-modal', function (d3_event) {
+             if (d3_event.target === _this) {
+               shaded.close();
+             }
+           });
+           modal.append('button').attr('class', 'close').attr('title', _t('icons.close')).on('click', shaded.close).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           keybinding.on('⌫', shaded.close).on('⎋', shaded.close);
+           select(document).call(keybinding);
+         }
 
-                   var intersected = context.history().tree().intersects(queryExtent, graph);
-                   for (var j = 0; j < intersected.length; j++) {
-                       var nearby = intersected[j];
+         modal.append('div').attr('class', 'content');
+         modal.append('input').attr('class', 'keytrap keytrap-last').on('focus.keytrap', moveFocusToFirst);
 
-                       if (nearby.id === node.id) continue;
-                       if (nearby.type !== 'node' || nearby.geometry(graph) !== 'point') continue;
+         if (animate) {
+           shaded.transition().style('opacity', 1);
+         } else {
+           shaded.style('opacity', 1);
+         }
 
-                       if (nearby.loc === node.loc ||
-                           geoSphericalDistance(node.loc, nearby.loc) < pointThresholdMeters) {
+         return shaded;
 
-                           // allow very close points if tags indicate the z-axis might vary
-                           var zAxisKeys = { layer: true, level: true, 'addr:housenumber': true, 'addr:unit': true };
-                           var zAxisDifferentiates = false;
-                           for (var key in zAxisKeys) {
-                               var nodeValue = node.tags[key] || '0';
-                               var nearbyValue = nearby.tags[key] || '0';
-                               if (nodeValue !== nearbyValue) {
-                                   zAxisDifferentiates = true;
-                                   break;
-                               }
-                           }
-                           if (zAxisDifferentiates) continue;
-
-                           issues.push(new validationIssue({
-                               type: type,
-                               subtype: 'detached',
-                               severity: 'warning',
-                               message: function(context) {
-                                   var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]),
-                                       entity2 = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]);
-                                   return (entity && entity2) ? _t('issues.close_nodes.detached.message', {
-                                       feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()),
-                                       feature2: utilDisplayLabel(entity2, context.graph())
-                                   }) : '';
-                               },
-                               reference: showReference,
-                               entityIds: [node.id, nearby.id],
-                               dynamicFixes: function() {
-                                   return [
-                                       new validationIssueFix({
-                                           icon: 'iD-operation-disconnect',
-                                           title: _t('issues.fix.move_points_apart.title')
-                                       }),
-                                       new validationIssueFix({
-                                           icon: 'iD-icon-layers',
-                                           title: _t('issues.fix.use_different_layers_or_levels.title')
-                                       })
-                                   ];
-                               }
-                           }));
-                       }
-                   }
+         function moveFocusToFirst() {
+           var node = modal // there are additional rules about what's focusable, but this suits our purposes
+           .select('a, button, input:not(.keytrap), select, textarea').node();
 
-                   return issues;
+           if (node) {
+             node.focus();
+           } else {
+             select(this).node().blur();
+           }
+         }
 
-                   function showReference(selection) {
-                       var referenceText = _t('issues.close_nodes.detached.reference');
-                       selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                           .data([0])
-                           .enter()
-                           .append('div')
-                           .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                           .text(referenceText);
-                   }
-               }
+         function moveFocusToLast() {
+           var nodes = modal.selectAll('a, button, input:not(.keytrap), select, textarea').nodes();
 
-               function getWayIssueIfAny(node1, node2, way) {
-                   if (node1.id === node2.id ||
-                       (node1.hasInterestingTags() && node2.hasInterestingTags())) {
-                       return null;
-                   }
+           if (nodes.length) {
+             nodes[nodes.length - 1].focus();
+           } else {
+             select(this).node().blur();
+           }
+         }
+       }
 
-                   if (node1.loc !== node2.loc) {
-                       var parentWays1 = graph.parentWays(node1);
-                       var parentWays2 = new Set(graph.parentWays(node2));
+       function uiLoading(context) {
+         var _modalSelection = select(null);
 
-                       var sharedWays = parentWays1.filter(function(parentWay) {
-                           return parentWays2.has(parentWay);
-                       });
+         var _message = '';
+         var _blocking = false;
 
-                       var thresholds = sharedWays.map(function(parentWay) {
-                           return thresholdMetersForWay(parentWay);
-                       });
+         var loading = function loading(selection) {
+           _modalSelection = uiModal(selection, _blocking);
 
-                       var threshold = Math.min(...thresholds);
-                       var distance = geoSphericalDistance(node1.loc, node2.loc);
-                       if (distance > threshold) return null;
-                   }
+           var loadertext = _modalSelection.select('.content').classed('loading-modal', true).append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section fillL');
 
-                   return new validationIssue({
-                       type: type,
-                       subtype: 'vertices',
-                       severity: 'warning',
-                       message: function(context) {
-                           var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                           return entity ? _t('issues.close_nodes.message', { way: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()) }) : '';
-                       },
-                       reference: showReference,
-                       entityIds: [way.id, node1.id, node2.id],
-                       loc: node1.loc,
-                       dynamicFixes: function() {
-                           return [
-                               new validationIssueFix({
-                                   icon: 'iD-icon-plus',
-                                   title: _t('issues.fix.merge_points.title'),
-                                   onClick: function(context) {
-                                       var entityIds = this.issue.entityIds;
-                                       var action = actionMergeNodes([entityIds[1], entityIds[2]]);
-                                       context.perform(action, _t('issues.fix.merge_close_vertices.annotation'));
-                                   }
-                               }),
-                               new validationIssueFix({
-                                   icon: 'iD-operation-disconnect',
-                                   title: _t('issues.fix.move_points_apart.title')
-                               })
-                           ];
-                       }
-                   });
+           loadertext.append('img').attr('class', 'loader').attr('src', context.imagePath('loader-white.gif'));
+           loadertext.append('h3').html(_message);
 
-                   function showReference(selection) {
-                       var referenceText = _t('issues.close_nodes.reference');
-                       selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                           .data([0])
-                           .enter()
-                           .append('div')
-                           .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                           .text(referenceText);
-                   }
-               }
+           _modalSelection.select('button.close').attr('class', 'hide');
 
-           };
+           return loading;
+         };
 
+         loading.message = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _message;
+           _message = val;
+           return loading;
+         };
 
-           validation.type = type;
+         loading.blocking = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _blocking;
+           _blocking = val;
+           return loading;
+         };
 
-           return validation;
-       }
+         loading.close = function () {
+           _modalSelection.remove();
+         };
 
-       function validationCrossingWays(context) {
-           var type = 'crossing_ways';
-
-           // returns the way or its parent relation, whichever has a useful feature type
-           function getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(way, graph) {
-               if (getFeatureType(way, graph) === null) {
-                   // if the way doesn't match a feature type, check its parent relations
-                   var parentRels = graph.parentRelations(way);
-                   for (var i = 0; i < parentRels.length; i++) {
-                       var rel = parentRels[i];
-                       if (getFeatureType(rel, graph) !== null) {
-                           return rel;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
-               return way;
-           }
+         loading.isShown = function () {
+           return _modalSelection && !_modalSelection.empty() && _modalSelection.node().parentNode;
+         };
 
+         return loading;
+       }
 
-           function hasTag(tags, key) {
-               return tags[key] !== undefined && tags[key] !== 'no';
-           }
+       function coreHistory(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('reset', 'change', 'merge', 'restore', 'undone', 'redone', 'storage_error');
 
-           function taggedAsIndoor(tags) {
-               return hasTag(tags, 'indoor') ||
-                   hasTag(tags, 'level') ||
-                   tags.highway === 'corridor';
-           }
+         var _lock = utilSessionMutex('lock'); // restorable if iD not open in another window/tab and a saved history exists in localStorage
 
-           function allowsBridge(featureType) {
-               return featureType === 'highway' || featureType === 'railway' || featureType === 'waterway';
-           }
-           function allowsTunnel(featureType) {
-               return featureType === 'highway' || featureType === 'railway' || featureType === 'waterway';
-           }
 
+         var _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges = _lock.lock() && !!corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'));
 
-           function getFeatureTypeForCrossingCheck(way, graph) {
-               var feature = getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(way, graph);
-               return getFeatureType(feature, graph);
-           }
+         var duration = 150;
+         var _imageryUsed = [];
+         var _photoOverlaysUsed = [];
+         var _checkpoints = {};
 
-           // discard
-           var ignoredBuildings = {
-               demolished: true, dismantled: true, proposed: true, razed: true
-           };
+         var _pausedGraph;
 
+         var _stack;
 
-           function getFeatureType(entity, graph) {
+         var _index;
 
-               var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
-               if (geometry !== 'line' && geometry !== 'area') return null;
+         var _tree; // internal _act, accepts list of actions and eased time
 
-               var tags = entity.tags;
 
-               if (hasTag(tags, 'building') && !ignoredBuildings[tags.building]) return 'building';
-               if (hasTag(tags, 'highway') && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[tags.highway]) return 'highway';
+         function _act(actions, t) {
+           actions = Array.prototype.slice.call(actions);
+           var annotation;
 
-               // don't check railway or waterway areas
-               if (geometry !== 'line') return null;
+           if (typeof actions[actions.length - 1] !== 'function') {
+             annotation = actions.pop();
+           }
 
-               if (hasTag(tags, 'railway') && osmRailwayTrackTagValues[tags.railway]) return 'railway';
-               if (hasTag(tags, 'waterway') && osmFlowingWaterwayTagValues[tags.waterway]) return 'waterway';
+           var graph = _stack[_index].graph;
 
-               return null;
+           for (var i = 0; i < actions.length; i++) {
+             graph = actions[i](graph, t);
            }
 
+           return {
+             graph: graph,
+             annotation: annotation,
+             imageryUsed: _imageryUsed,
+             photoOverlaysUsed: _photoOverlaysUsed,
+             transform: context.projection.transform(),
+             selectedIDs: context.selectedIDs()
+           };
+         } // internal _perform with eased time
 
-           function isLegitCrossing(way1, featureType1, way2, featureType2) {
-               var tags1 = way1.tags;
-               var tags2 = way2.tags;
 
-               // assume 0 by default
-               var level1 = tags1.level || '0';
-               var level2 = tags2.level || '0';
+         function _perform(args, t) {
+           var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
+           _stack = _stack.slice(0, _index + 1);
 
-               if (taggedAsIndoor(tags1) && taggedAsIndoor(tags2) && level1 !== level2) {
-                   // assume features don't interact if they're indoor on different levels
-                   return true;
-               }
+           var actionResult = _act(args, t);
 
-               // assume 0 by default; don't use way.layer() since we account for structures here
-               var layer1 = tags1.layer || '0';
-               var layer2 = tags2.layer || '0';
+           _stack.push(actionResult);
 
-               if (allowsBridge(featureType1) && allowsBridge(featureType2)) {
-                   if (hasTag(tags1, 'bridge') && !hasTag(tags2, 'bridge')) return true;
-                   if (!hasTag(tags1, 'bridge') && hasTag(tags2, 'bridge')) return true;
-                   // crossing bridges must use different layers
-                   if (hasTag(tags1, 'bridge') && hasTag(tags2, 'bridge') && layer1 !== layer2) return true;
-               } else if (allowsBridge(featureType1) && hasTag(tags1, 'bridge')) return true;
-               else if (allowsBridge(featureType2) && hasTag(tags2, 'bridge')) return true;
+           _index++;
+           return change(previous);
+         } // internal _replace with eased time
 
-               if (allowsTunnel(featureType1) && allowsTunnel(featureType2)) {
-                   if (hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel') && !hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel')) return true;
-                   if (!hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel') && hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel')) return true;
-                   // crossing tunnels must use different layers
-                   if (hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel') && hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel') && layer1 !== layer2) return true;
-               } else if (allowsTunnel(featureType1) && hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel')) return true;
-               else if (allowsTunnel(featureType2) && hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel')) return true;
 
-               // don't flag crossing waterways and pier/highways
-               if (featureType1 === 'waterway' && featureType2 === 'highway' && tags2.man_made === 'pier') return true;
-               if (featureType2 === 'waterway' && featureType1 === 'highway' && tags1.man_made === 'pier') return true;
+         function _replace(args, t) {
+           var previous = _stack[_index].graph; // assert(_index == _stack.length - 1)
 
-               if (featureType1 === 'building' || featureType2 === 'building') {
-                   // for building crossings, different layers are enough
-                   if (layer1 !== layer2) return true;
-               }
-               return false;
-           }
+           var actionResult = _act(args, t);
 
+           _stack[_index] = actionResult;
+           return change(previous);
+         } // internal _overwrite with eased time
 
-           // highway values for which we shouldn't recommend connecting to waterways
-           var highwaysDisallowingFords = {
-               motorway: true, motorway_link: true, trunk: true, trunk_link: true,
-               primary: true, primary_link: true, secondary: true, secondary_link: true
-           };
-           var nonCrossingHighways = { track: true };
-
-           function tagsForConnectionNodeIfAllowed(entity1, entity2, graph) {
-               var featureType1 = getFeatureType(entity1, graph);
-               var featureType2 = getFeatureType(entity2, graph);
-
-               var geometry1 = entity1.geometry(graph);
-               var geometry2 = entity2.geometry(graph);
-               var bothLines = geometry1 === 'line' && geometry2 === 'line';
-
-               if (featureType1 === featureType2) {
-                   if (featureType1 === 'highway') {
-                       var entity1IsPath = osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity1.tags.highway];
-                       var entity2IsPath = osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity2.tags.highway];
-                       if ((entity1IsPath || entity2IsPath) && entity1IsPath !== entity2IsPath) {
-                           // one feature is a path but not both
-
-                           var roadFeature = entity1IsPath ? entity2 : entity1;
-                           if (nonCrossingHighways[roadFeature.tags.highway]) {
-                               // don't mark path connections with certain roads as crossings
-                               return {};
-                           }
-                           var pathFeature = entity1IsPath ? entity1 : entity2;
-                           if (['marked', 'unmarked'].indexOf(pathFeature.tags.crossing) !== -1) {
-                               // if the path is a crossing, match the crossing type
-                               return bothLines ? { highway: 'crossing', crossing: pathFeature.tags.crossing } : {};
-                           }
-                           // don't add a `crossing` subtag to ambiguous crossings
-                           return bothLines ? { highway: 'crossing' } : {};
-                       }
-                       return {};
-                   }
-                   if (featureType1 === 'waterway') return {};
-                   if (featureType1 === 'railway') return {};
 
-               } else {
-                   var featureTypes = [featureType1, featureType2];
-                   if (featureTypes.indexOf('highway') !== -1) {
-                       if (featureTypes.indexOf('railway') !== -1) {
-                           if (osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity1.tags.highway] ||
-                               osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity2.tags.highway]) {
-                               // path-rail connections use this tag
-                               return bothLines ? { railway: 'crossing' } : {};
-                           } else {
-                               // road-rail connections use this tag
-                               return bothLines ? { railway: 'level_crossing' } : {};
-                           }
-                       }
+         function _overwrite(args, t) {
+           var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
 
-                       if (featureTypes.indexOf('waterway') !== -1) {
-                           // do not allow fords on structures
-                           if (hasTag(entity1.tags, 'tunnel') && hasTag(entity2.tags, 'tunnel')) return null;
-                           if (hasTag(entity1.tags, 'bridge') && hasTag(entity2.tags, 'bridge')) return null;
+           if (_index > 0) {
+             _index--;
 
-                           if (highwaysDisallowingFords[entity1.tags.highway] ||
-                               highwaysDisallowingFords[entity2.tags.highway]) {
-                               // do not allow fords on major highways
-                               return null;
-                           }
-                           return bothLines ? { ford: 'yes' } : {};
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
-               return null;
+             _stack.pop();
            }
 
+           _stack = _stack.slice(0, _index + 1);
 
-           function findCrossingsByWay(way1, graph, tree) {
-               var edgeCrossInfos = [];
-               if (way1.type !== 'way') return edgeCrossInfos;
-
-               var way1FeatureType = getFeatureTypeForCrossingCheck(way1, graph);
-               if (way1FeatureType === null) return edgeCrossInfos;
-
-               var checkedSingleCrossingWays = {};
-
-               // declare vars ahead of time to reduce garbage collection
-               var i, j;
-               var extent;
-               var n1, n2, nA, nB, nAId, nBId;
-               var segment1, segment2;
-               var oneOnly;
-               var segmentInfos, segment2Info, way2, way2FeatureType;
-               var way1Nodes = graph.childNodes(way1);
-               var comparedWays = {};
-               for (i = 0; i < way1Nodes.length - 1; i++) {
-                   n1 = way1Nodes[i];
-                   n2 = way1Nodes[i + 1];
-                   extent = geoExtent([
-                       [
-                           Math.min(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]),
-                           Math.min(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])
-                       ],
-                       [
-                           Math.max(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]),
-                           Math.max(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])
-                       ]
-                   ]);
-
-                   // Optimize by only checking overlapping segments, not every segment
-                   // of overlapping ways
-                   segmentInfos = tree.waySegments(extent, graph);
-
-                   for (j = 0; j < segmentInfos.length; j++) {
-                       segment2Info = segmentInfos[j];
-
-                       // don't check for self-intersection in this validation
-                       if (segment2Info.wayId === way1.id) continue;
-
-                       // skip if this way was already checked and only one issue is needed
-                       if (checkedSingleCrossingWays[segment2Info.wayId]) continue;
-
-                       // mark this way as checked even if there are no crossings
-                       comparedWays[segment2Info.wayId] = true;
-
-                       way2 = graph.hasEntity(segment2Info.wayId);
-                       if (!way2) continue;
-
-                       // only check crossing highway, waterway, building, and railway
-                       way2FeatureType = getFeatureTypeForCrossingCheck(way2, graph);
-                       if (way2FeatureType === null ||
-                           isLegitCrossing(way1, way1FeatureType, way2, way2FeatureType)) {
-                           continue;
-                       }
+           var actionResult = _act(args, t);
 
-                       // create only one issue for building crossings
-                       oneOnly = way1FeatureType === 'building' || way2FeatureType === 'building';
+           _stack.push(actionResult);
 
-                       nAId = segment2Info.nodes[0];
-                       nBId = segment2Info.nodes[1];
-                       if (nAId === n1.id || nAId === n2.id ||
-                           nBId === n1.id || nBId === n2.id) {
-                           // n1 or n2 is a connection node; skip
-                           continue;
-                       }
-                       nA = graph.hasEntity(nAId);
-                       if (!nA) continue;
-                       nB = graph.hasEntity(nBId);
-                       if (!nB) continue;
-
-                       segment1 = [n1.loc, n2.loc];
-                       segment2 = [nA.loc, nB.loc];
-                       var point = geoLineIntersection(segment1, segment2);
-                       if (point) {
-                           edgeCrossInfos.push({
-                               wayInfos: [
-                                   {
-                                       way: way1,
-                                       featureType: way1FeatureType,
-                                       edge: [n1.id, n2.id]
-                                   },
-                                   {
-                                       way: way2,
-                                       featureType: way2FeatureType,
-                                       edge: [nA.id, nB.id]
-                                   }
-                               ],
-                               crossPoint: point
-                           });
-                           if (oneOnly) {
-                               checkedSingleCrossingWays[way2.id] = true;
-                               break;
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
-               return edgeCrossInfos;
-           }
+           _index++;
+           return change(previous);
+         } // determine difference and dispatch a change event
 
 
-           function waysToCheck(entity, graph) {
-               var featureType = getFeatureType(entity, graph);
-               if (!featureType) return [];
+         function change(previous) {
+           var difference = coreDifference(previous, history.graph());
 
-               if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                   return [entity];
-               } else if (entity.type === 'relation') {
-                   return entity.members.reduce(function(array, member) {
-                       if (member.type === 'way' &&
-                           // only look at geometry ways
-                           (!member.role || member.role === 'outer' || member.role === 'inner')) {
-                           var entity = graph.hasEntity(member.id);
-                           // don't add duplicates
-                           if (entity && array.indexOf(entity) === -1) {
-                               array.push(entity);
-                           }
-                       }
-                       return array;
-                   }, []);
-               }
-               return [];
+           if (!_pausedGraph) {
+             dispatch.call('change', this, difference);
            }
 
+           return difference;
+         } // iD uses namespaced keys so multiple installations do not conflict
 
-           var validation = function checkCrossingWays(entity, graph) {
-
-               var tree = context.history().tree();
-
-               var ways = waysToCheck(entity, graph);
-
-               var issues = [];
-               // declare these here to reduce garbage collection
-               var wayIndex, crossingIndex, crossings;
-               for (wayIndex in ways) {
-                   crossings = findCrossingsByWay(ways[wayIndex], graph, tree);
-                   for (crossingIndex in crossings) {
-                       issues.push(createIssue(crossings[crossingIndex], graph));
-                   }
-               }
-               return issues;
-           };
 
+         function getKey(n) {
+           return 'iD_' + window.location.origin + '_' + n;
+         }
 
-           function createIssue(crossing, graph) {
+         var history = {
+           graph: function graph() {
+             return _stack[_index].graph;
+           },
+           tree: function tree() {
+             return _tree;
+           },
+           base: function base() {
+             return _stack[0].graph;
+           },
+           merge: function merge(entities
+           /*, extent*/
+           ) {
+             var stack = _stack.map(function (state) {
+               return state.graph;
+             });
 
-               // use the entities with the tags that define the feature type
-               crossing.wayInfos.sort(function(way1Info, way2Info) {
-                   var type1 = way1Info.featureType;
-                   var type2 = way2Info.featureType;
-                   if (type1 === type2) {
-                       return utilDisplayLabel(way1Info.way, graph) > utilDisplayLabel(way2Info.way, graph);
-                   } else if (type1 === 'waterway') {
-                       return true;
-                   } else if (type2 === 'waterway') {
-                       return false;
-                   }
-                   return type1 < type2;
-               });
-               var entities = crossing.wayInfos.map(function(wayInfo) {
-                   return getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(wayInfo.way, graph);
-               });
-               var edges = [crossing.wayInfos[0].edge, crossing.wayInfos[1].edge];
-               var featureTypes = [crossing.wayInfos[0].featureType, crossing.wayInfos[1].featureType];
+             _stack[0].graph.rebase(entities, stack, false);
 
-               var connectionTags = tagsForConnectionNodeIfAllowed(entities[0], entities[1], graph);
+             _tree.rebase(entities, false);
 
-               var featureType1 = crossing.wayInfos[0].featureType;
-               var featureType2 = crossing.wayInfos[1].featureType;
+             dispatch.call('merge', this, entities);
+           },
+           perform: function perform() {
+             // complete any transition already in progress
+             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
+             var transitionable = false;
+             var action0 = arguments[0];
 
-               var isCrossingIndoors = taggedAsIndoor(entities[0].tags) && taggedAsIndoor(entities[1].tags);
-               var isCrossingTunnels = allowsTunnel(featureType1) && hasTag(entities[0].tags, 'tunnel') &&
-                                       allowsTunnel(featureType2) && hasTag(entities[1].tags, 'tunnel');
-               var isCrossingBridges = allowsBridge(featureType1) && hasTag(entities[0].tags, 'bridge') &&
-                                       allowsBridge(featureType2) && hasTag(entities[1].tags, 'bridge');
+             if (arguments.length === 1 || arguments.length === 2 && typeof arguments[1] !== 'function') {
+               transitionable = !!action0.transitionable;
+             }
 
-               var subtype = [featureType1, featureType2].sort().join('-');
+             if (transitionable) {
+               var origArguments = arguments;
+               select(document).transition('history.perform').duration(duration).ease(linear$1).tween('history.tween', function () {
+                 return function (t) {
+                   if (t < 1) _overwrite([action0], t);
+                 };
+               }).on('start', function () {
+                 _perform([action0], 0);
+               }).on('end interrupt', function () {
+                 _overwrite(origArguments, 1);
+               });
+             } else {
+               return _perform(arguments);
+             }
+           },
+           replace: function replace() {
+             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
+             return _replace(arguments, 1);
+           },
+           // Same as calling pop and then perform
+           overwrite: function overwrite() {
+             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
+             return _overwrite(arguments, 1);
+           },
+           pop: function pop(n) {
+             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
+             var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
 
-               var crossingTypeID = subtype;
+             if (isNaN(+n) || +n < 0) {
+               n = 1;
+             }
 
-               if (isCrossingIndoors) {
-                   crossingTypeID = 'indoor-indoor';
-               } else if (isCrossingTunnels) {
-                   crossingTypeID = 'tunnel-tunnel';
-               } else if (isCrossingBridges) {
-                   crossingTypeID = 'bridge-bridge';
-               }
-               if (connectionTags && (isCrossingIndoors || isCrossingTunnels || isCrossingBridges)) {
-                   crossingTypeID += '_connectable';
-               }
+             while (n-- > 0 && _index > 0) {
+               _index--;
 
-               return new validationIssue({
-                   type: type,
-                   subtype: subtype,
-                   severity: 'warning',
-                   message: function(context) {
-                       var graph = context.graph();
-                       var entity1 = graph.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]),
-                           entity2 = graph.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]);
-                       return (entity1 && entity2) ? _t('issues.crossing_ways.message', {
-                           feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity1, graph),
-                           feature2: utilDisplayLabel(entity2, graph)
-                       }) : '';
-                   },
-                   reference: showReference,
-                   entityIds: entities.map(function(entity) {
-                       return entity.id;
-                   }),
-                   data: {
-                       edges: edges,
-                       featureTypes: featureTypes,
-                       connectionTags: connectionTags
-                   },
-                   // differentiate based on the loc since two ways can cross multiple times
-                   hash: crossing.crossPoint.toString() +
-                       // if the edges change then so does the fix
-                       edges.slice().sort(function(edge1, edge2) {
-                           // order to assure hash is deterministic
-                           return edge1[0] < edge2[0] ? -1 : 1;
-                       }).toString() +
-                       // ensure the correct connection tags are added in the fix
-                       JSON.stringify(connectionTags),
-                   loc: crossing.crossPoint,
-                   dynamicFixes: function(context) {
-                       var mode = context.mode();
-                       if (!mode || mode.id !== 'select' || mode.selectedIDs().length !== 1) return [];
-
-                       var selectedIndex = this.entityIds[0] === mode.selectedIDs()[0] ? 0 : 1;
-                       var selectedFeatureType = this.data.featureTypes[selectedIndex];
-                       var otherFeatureType = this.data.featureTypes[selectedIndex === 0 ? 1 : 0];
-
-                       var fixes = [];
-
-                       if (connectionTags) {
-                           fixes.push(makeConnectWaysFix(this.data.connectionTags));
-                       }
+               _stack.pop();
+             }
 
-                       if (isCrossingIndoors) {
-                           fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                               icon: 'iD-icon-layers',
-                               title: _t('issues.fix.use_different_levels.title')
-                           }));
-                       } else if (isCrossingTunnels ||
-                           isCrossingBridges ||
-                           featureType1 === 'building' ||
-                           featureType2 === 'building')  {
-
-                           fixes.push(makeChangeLayerFix('higher'));
-                           fixes.push(makeChangeLayerFix('lower'));
-
-                       // can only add bridge/tunnel if both features are lines
-                       } else if (context.graph().geometry(this.entityIds[0]) === 'line' &&
-                           context.graph().geometry(this.entityIds[1]) === 'line') {
-
-                           // don't recommend adding bridges to waterways since they're uncommmon
-                           if (allowsBridge(selectedFeatureType) && selectedFeatureType !== 'waterway') {
-                               fixes.push(makeAddBridgeOrTunnelFix('add_a_bridge', 'temaki-bridge', 'bridge'));
-                           }
+             return change(previous);
+           },
+           // Back to the previous annotated state or _index = 0.
+           undo: function undo() {
+             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
+             var previousStack = _stack[_index];
+             var previous = previousStack.graph;
 
-                           // don't recommend adding tunnels under waterways since they're uncommmon
-                           var skipTunnelFix = otherFeatureType === 'waterway' && selectedFeatureType !== 'waterway';
-                           if (allowsTunnel(selectedFeatureType) && !skipTunnelFix) {
-                               fixes.push(makeAddBridgeOrTunnelFix('add_a_tunnel', 'temaki-tunnel', 'tunnel'));
-                           }
-                       }
+             while (_index > 0) {
+               _index--;
+               if (_stack[_index].annotation) break;
+             }
 
-                       // repositioning the features is always an option
-                       fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                           icon: 'iD-operation-move',
-                           title: _t('issues.fix.reposition_features.title')
-                       }));
+             dispatch.call('undone', this, _stack[_index], previousStack);
+             return change(previous);
+           },
+           // Forward to the next annotated state.
+           redo: function redo() {
+             select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
+             var previousStack = _stack[_index];
+             var previous = previousStack.graph;
+             var tryIndex = _index;
 
-                       return fixes;
-                   }
-               });
+             while (tryIndex < _stack.length - 1) {
+               tryIndex++;
 
-               function showReference(selection) {
-                   selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                       .data([0])
-                       .enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                       .text(_t('issues.crossing_ways.' + crossingTypeID + '.reference'));
+               if (_stack[tryIndex].annotation) {
+                 _index = tryIndex;
+                 dispatch.call('redone', this, _stack[_index], previousStack);
+                 break;
                }
-           }
+             }
 
-           function makeAddBridgeOrTunnelFix(fixTitleID, iconName, bridgeOrTunnel){
-               return new validationIssueFix({
-                   icon: iconName,
-                   title: _t('issues.fix.' + fixTitleID + '.title'),
-                   onClick: function(context) {
-                       var mode = context.mode();
-                       if (!mode || mode.id !== 'select') return;
+             return change(previous);
+           },
+           pauseChangeDispatch: function pauseChangeDispatch() {
+             if (!_pausedGraph) {
+               _pausedGraph = _stack[_index].graph;
+             }
+           },
+           resumeChangeDispatch: function resumeChangeDispatch() {
+             if (_pausedGraph) {
+               var previous = _pausedGraph;
+               _pausedGraph = null;
+               return change(previous);
+             }
+           },
+           undoAnnotation: function undoAnnotation() {
+             var i = _index;
 
-                       var selectedIDs = mode.selectedIDs();
-                       if (selectedIDs.length !== 1) return;
+             while (i >= 0) {
+               if (_stack[i].annotation) return _stack[i].annotation;
+               i--;
+             }
+           },
+           redoAnnotation: function redoAnnotation() {
+             var i = _index + 1;
 
-                       var selectedWayID = selectedIDs[0];
-                       if (!context.hasEntity(selectedWayID)) return;
+             while (i <= _stack.length - 1) {
+               if (_stack[i].annotation) return _stack[i].annotation;
+               i++;
+             }
+           },
+           // Returns the entities from the active graph with bounding boxes
+           // overlapping the given `extent`.
+           intersects: function intersects(extent) {
+             return _tree.intersects(extent, _stack[_index].graph);
+           },
+           difference: function difference() {
+             var base = _stack[0].graph;
+             var head = _stack[_index].graph;
+             return coreDifference(base, head);
+           },
+           changes: function changes(action) {
+             var base = _stack[0].graph;
+             var head = _stack[_index].graph;
 
-                       var resultWayIDs = [selectedWayID];
+             if (action) {
+               head = action(head);
+             }
 
-                       var edge, crossedEdge, crossedWayID;
-                       if (this.issue.entityIds[0] === selectedWayID) {
-                           edge = this.issue.data.edges[0];
-                           crossedEdge = this.issue.data.edges[1];
-                           crossedWayID = this.issue.entityIds[1];
-                       } else {
-                           edge = this.issue.data.edges[1];
-                           crossedEdge = this.issue.data.edges[0];
-                           crossedWayID = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                       }
+             var difference = coreDifference(base, head);
+             return {
+               modified: difference.modified(),
+               created: difference.created(),
+               deleted: difference.deleted()
+             };
+           },
+           hasChanges: function hasChanges() {
+             return this.difference().length() > 0;
+           },
+           imageryUsed: function imageryUsed(sources) {
+             if (sources) {
+               _imageryUsed = sources;
+               return history;
+             } else {
+               var s = new Set();
 
-                       var crossingLoc = this.issue.loc;
+               _stack.slice(1, _index + 1).forEach(function (state) {
+                 state.imageryUsed.forEach(function (source) {
+                   if (source !== 'Custom') {
+                     s.add(source);
+                   }
+                 });
+               });
 
-                       var projection = context.projection;
+               return Array.from(s);
+             }
+           },
+           photoOverlaysUsed: function photoOverlaysUsed(sources) {
+             if (sources) {
+               _photoOverlaysUsed = sources;
+               return history;
+             } else {
+               var s = new Set();
 
-                       var action = function actionAddStructure(graph) {
+               _stack.slice(1, _index + 1).forEach(function (state) {
+                 if (state.photoOverlaysUsed && Array.isArray(state.photoOverlaysUsed)) {
+                   state.photoOverlaysUsed.forEach(function (photoOverlay) {
+                     s.add(photoOverlay);
+                   });
+                 }
+               });
 
-                           var edgeNodes = [graph.entity(edge[0]), graph.entity(edge[1])];
+               return Array.from(s);
+             }
+           },
+           // save the current history state
+           checkpoint: function checkpoint(key) {
+             _checkpoints[key] = {
+               stack: _stack,
+               index: _index
+             };
+             return history;
+           },
+           // restore history state to a given checkpoint or reset completely
+           reset: function reset(key) {
+             if (key !== undefined && _checkpoints.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+               _stack = _checkpoints[key].stack;
+               _index = _checkpoints[key].index;
+             } else {
+               _stack = [{
+                 graph: coreGraph()
+               }];
+               _index = 0;
+               _tree = coreTree(_stack[0].graph);
+               _checkpoints = {};
+             }
 
-                           var crossedWay = graph.hasEntity(crossedWayID);
-                           // use the explicit width of the crossed feature as the structure length, if available
-                           var structLengthMeters = crossedWay && crossedWay.tags.width && parseFloat(crossedWay.tags.width);
-                           if (!structLengthMeters) {
-                               // if no explicit width is set, approximate the width based on the tags
-                               structLengthMeters = crossedWay && crossedWay.impliedLineWidthMeters();
-                           }
-                           if (structLengthMeters) {
-                               if (getFeatureType(crossedWay, graph) === 'railway') {
-                                   // bridges over railways are generally much longer than the rail bed itself, compensate
-                                   structLengthMeters *= 2;
-                               }
-                           } else {
-                               // should ideally never land here since all rail/water/road tags should have an implied width
-                               structLengthMeters = 8;
-                           }
+             dispatch.call('reset');
+             dispatch.call('change');
+             return history;
+           },
+           // `toIntroGraph()` is used to export the intro graph used by the walkthrough.
+           //
+           // To use it:
+           //  1. Start the walkthrough.
+           //  2. Get to a "free editing" tutorial step
+           //  3. Make your edits to the walkthrough map
+           //  4. In your browser dev console run:
+           //        `id.history().toIntroGraph()`
+           //  5. This outputs stringified JSON to the browser console
+           //  6. Copy it to `data/intro_graph.json` and prettify it in your code editor
+           toIntroGraph: function toIntroGraph() {
+             var nextID = {
+               n: 0,
+               r: 0,
+               w: 0
+             };
+             var permIDs = {};
+             var graph = this.graph();
+             var baseEntities = {}; // clone base entities..
 
-                           var a1 = geoAngle(edgeNodes[0], edgeNodes[1], projection) + Math.PI;
-                           var a2 = geoAngle(graph.entity(crossedEdge[0]), graph.entity(crossedEdge[1]), projection) + Math.PI;
-                           var crossingAngle = Math.max(a1, a2) - Math.min(a1, a2);
-                           if (crossingAngle > Math.PI) crossingAngle -= Math.PI;
-                           // lengthen the structure to account for the angle of the crossing
-                           structLengthMeters = ((structLengthMeters / 2) / Math.sin(crossingAngle)) * 2;
+             Object.values(graph.base().entities).forEach(function (entity) {
+               var copy = copyIntroEntity(entity);
+               baseEntities[copy.id] = copy;
+             }); // replace base entities with head entities..
 
-                           // add padding since the structure must extend past the edges of the crossed feature
-                           structLengthMeters += 4;
+             Object.keys(graph.entities).forEach(function (id) {
+               var entity = graph.entities[id];
 
-                           // clamp the length to a reasonable range
-                           structLengthMeters = Math.min(Math.max(structLengthMeters, 4), 50);
+               if (entity) {
+                 var copy = copyIntroEntity(entity);
+                 baseEntities[copy.id] = copy;
+               } else {
+                 delete baseEntities[id];
+               }
+             }); // swap temporary for permanent ids..
 
-                           function geomToProj(geoPoint) {
-                               return [
-                                   geoLonToMeters(geoPoint[0], geoPoint[1]),
-                                   geoLatToMeters(geoPoint[1])
-                               ];
-                           }
-                           function projToGeom(projPoint) {
-                               var lat = geoMetersToLat(projPoint[1]);
-                               return [
-                                   geoMetersToLon(projPoint[0], lat),
-                                   lat
-                               ];
-                           }
+             Object.values(baseEntities).forEach(function (entity) {
+               if (Array.isArray(entity.nodes)) {
+                 entity.nodes = entity.nodes.map(function (node) {
+                   return permIDs[node] || node;
+                 });
+               }
 
-                           var projEdgeNode1 = geomToProj(edgeNodes[0].loc);
-                           var projEdgeNode2 = geomToProj(edgeNodes[1].loc);
+               if (Array.isArray(entity.members)) {
+                 entity.members = entity.members.map(function (member) {
+                   member.id = permIDs[member.id] || member.id;
+                   return member;
+                 });
+               }
+             });
+             return JSON.stringify({
+               dataIntroGraph: baseEntities
+             });
 
-                           var projectedAngle = geoVecAngle(projEdgeNode1, projEdgeNode2);
+             function copyIntroEntity(source) {
+               var copy = utilObjectOmit(source, ['type', 'user', 'v', 'version', 'visible']); // Note: the copy is no longer an osmEntity, so it might not have `tags`
 
-                           var projectedCrossingLoc = geomToProj(crossingLoc);
-                           var linearToSphericalMetersRatio = geoVecLength(projEdgeNode1, projEdgeNode2) /
-                               geoSphericalDistance(edgeNodes[0].loc, edgeNodes[1].loc);
+               if (copy.tags && !Object.keys(copy.tags)) {
+                 delete copy.tags;
+               }
 
-                           function locSphericalDistanceFromCrossingLoc(angle, distanceMeters) {
-                               var lengthSphericalMeters = distanceMeters * linearToSphericalMetersRatio;
-                               return projToGeom([
-                                   projectedCrossingLoc[0] + Math.cos(angle) * lengthSphericalMeters,
-                                   projectedCrossingLoc[1] + Math.sin(angle) * lengthSphericalMeters
-                               ]);
-                           }
+               if (Array.isArray(copy.loc)) {
+                 copy.loc[0] = +copy.loc[0].toFixed(6);
+                 copy.loc[1] = +copy.loc[1].toFixed(6);
+               }
 
-                           var endpointLocGetter1 = function(lengthMeters) {
-                               return locSphericalDistanceFromCrossingLoc(projectedAngle, lengthMeters);
-                           };
-                           var endpointLocGetter2 = function(lengthMeters) {
-                               return locSphericalDistanceFromCrossingLoc(projectedAngle + Math.PI, lengthMeters);
-                           };
-
-                           // avoid creating very short edges from splitting too close to another node
-                           var minEdgeLengthMeters = 0.55;
-
-                           // decide where to bound the structure along the way, splitting as necessary
-                           function determineEndpoint(edge, endNode, locGetter) {
-                               var newNode;
-
-                               var idealLengthMeters = structLengthMeters / 2;
-
-                               // distance between the crossing location and the end of the edge,
-                               // the maximum length of this side of the structure
-                               var crossingToEdgeEndDistance = geoSphericalDistance(crossingLoc, endNode.loc);
-
-                               if (crossingToEdgeEndDistance - idealLengthMeters > minEdgeLengthMeters) {
-                                   // the edge is long enough to insert a new node
-
-                                   // the loc that would result in the full expected length
-                                   var idealNodeLoc = locGetter(idealLengthMeters);
-
-                                   newNode = osmNode();
-                                   graph = actionAddMidpoint({ loc: idealNodeLoc, edge: edge }, newNode)(graph);
-
-                               } else {
-                                   var edgeCount = 0;
-                                   endNode.parentIntersectionWays(graph).forEach(function(way) {
-                                       way.nodes.forEach(function(nodeID) {
-                                           if (nodeID === endNode.id) {
-                                               if ((endNode.id === way.first() && endNode.id !== way.last()) ||
-                                                   (endNode.id === way.last() && endNode.id !== way.first())) {
-                                                   edgeCount += 1;
-                                               } else {
-                                                   edgeCount += 2;
-                                               }
-                                           }
-                                       });
-                                   });
-
-                                   if (edgeCount >= 3) {
-                                       // the end node is a junction, try to leave a segment
-                                       // between it and the structure - #7202
-
-                                       var insetLength = crossingToEdgeEndDistance - minEdgeLengthMeters;
-                                       if (insetLength > minEdgeLengthMeters) {
-                                           var insetNodeLoc = locGetter(insetLength);
-                                           newNode = osmNode();
-                                           graph = actionAddMidpoint({ loc: insetNodeLoc, edge: edge }, newNode)(graph);
-                                       }
-                                   }
-                               }
-
-                               // if the edge is too short to subdivide as desired, then
-                               // just bound the structure at the existing end node
-                               if (!newNode) newNode = endNode;
-
-                               var splitAction = actionSplit(newNode.id)
-                                   .limitWays(resultWayIDs); // only split selected or created ways
-
-                               // do the split
-                               graph = splitAction(graph);
-                               if (splitAction.getCreatedWayIDs().length) {
-                                   resultWayIDs.push(splitAction.getCreatedWayIDs()[0]);
-                               }
-
-                               return newNode;
-                           }
+               var match = source.id.match(/([nrw])-\d*/); // temporary id
 
-                           var structEndNode1 = determineEndpoint(edge, edgeNodes[1], endpointLocGetter1);
-                           var structEndNode2 = determineEndpoint([edgeNodes[0].id, structEndNode1.id], edgeNodes[0], endpointLocGetter2);
+               if (match !== null) {
+                 var nrw = match[1];
+                 var permID;
 
-                           var structureWay = resultWayIDs.map(function(id) {
-                               return graph.entity(id);
-                           }).find(function(way) {
-                               return way.nodes.indexOf(structEndNode1.id) !== -1 &&
-                                   way.nodes.indexOf(structEndNode2.id) !== -1;
-                           });
+                 do {
+                   permID = nrw + ++nextID[nrw];
+                 } while (baseEntities.hasOwnProperty(permID));
 
-                           var tags = Object.assign({}, structureWay.tags); // copy tags
-                           if (bridgeOrTunnel === 'bridge'){
-                               tags.bridge = 'yes';
-                               tags.layer = '1';
-                           } else {
-                               var tunnelValue = 'yes';
-                               if (getFeatureType(structureWay, graph) === 'waterway') {
-                                   // use `tunnel=culvert` for waterways by default
-                                   tunnelValue = 'culvert';
-                               }
-                               tags.tunnel = tunnelValue;
-                               tags.layer = '-1';
-                           }
-                           // apply the structure tags to the way
-                           graph = actionChangeTags(structureWay.id, tags)(graph);
-                           return graph;
-                       };
+                 copy.id = permIDs[source.id] = permID;
+               }
 
-                       context.perform(action, _t('issues.fix.' + fixTitleID + '.annotation'));
-                       context.enter(modeSelect(context, resultWayIDs));
-                   }
-               });
-           }
+               return copy;
+             }
+           },
+           toJSON: function toJSON() {
+             if (!this.hasChanges()) return;
+             var allEntities = {};
+             var baseEntities = {};
+             var base = _stack[0];
 
-           function makeConnectWaysFix(connectionTags) {
+             var s = _stack.map(function (i) {
+               var modified = [];
+               var deleted = [];
+               Object.keys(i.graph.entities).forEach(function (id) {
+                 var entity = i.graph.entities[id];
 
-               var fixTitleID = 'connect_features';
-               if (connectionTags.ford) {
-                   fixTitleID = 'connect_using_ford';
-               }
+                 if (entity) {
+                   var key = osmEntity.key(entity);
+                   allEntities[key] = entity;
+                   modified.push(key);
+                 } else {
+                   deleted.push(id);
+                 } // make sure that the originals of changed or deleted entities get merged
+                 // into the base of the _stack after restoring the data from JSON.
 
-               return new validationIssueFix({
-                   icon: 'iD-icon-crossing',
-                   title: _t('issues.fix.' + fixTitleID + '.title'),
-                   onClick: function(context) {
-                       var loc = this.issue.loc;
-                       var connectionTags = this.issue.data.connectionTags;
-                       var edges = this.issue.data.edges;
 
-                       context.perform(
-                           function actionConnectCrossingWays(graph) {
-                               // create the new node for the points
-                               var node = osmNode({ loc: loc, tags: connectionTags });
-                               graph = graph.replace(node);
-
-                               var nodesToMerge = [node.id];
-                               var mergeThresholdInMeters = 0.75;
-
-                               edges.forEach(function(edge) {
-                                   var edgeNodes = [graph.entity(edge[0]), graph.entity(edge[1])];
-                                   var closestNodeInfo = geoSphericalClosestNode(edgeNodes, loc);
-                                   // if there is already a point nearby, use that
-                                   if (closestNodeInfo.distance < mergeThresholdInMeters) {
-                                       nodesToMerge.push(closestNodeInfo.node.id);
-                                   // else add the new node to the way
-                                   } else {
-                                       graph = actionAddMidpoint({loc: loc, edge: edge}, node)(graph);
-                                   }
-                               });
-
-                               if (nodesToMerge.length > 1) {
-                                   // if we're using nearby nodes, merge them with the new node
-                                   graph = actionMergeNodes(nodesToMerge, loc)(graph);
-                               }
-
-                               return graph;
-                           },
-                           _t('issues.fix.connect_crossing_features.annotation')
-                       );
-                   }
-               });
-           }
+                 if (id in base.graph.entities) {
+                   baseEntities[id] = base.graph.entities[id];
+                 }
 
-           function makeChangeLayerFix(higherOrLower) {
-               return new validationIssueFix({
-                   icon: 'iD-icon-' + (higherOrLower === 'higher' ? 'up' : 'down'),
-                   title: _t('issues.fix.tag_this_as_' + higherOrLower + '.title'),
-                   onClick: function(context) {
+                 if (entity && entity.nodes) {
+                   // get originals of pre-existing child nodes
+                   entity.nodes.forEach(function (nodeID) {
+                     if (nodeID in base.graph.entities) {
+                       baseEntities[nodeID] = base.graph.entities[nodeID];
+                     }
+                   });
+                 } // get originals of parent entities too
 
-                       var mode = context.mode();
-                       if (!mode || mode.id !== 'select') return;
 
-                       var selectedIDs = mode.selectedIDs();
-                       if (selectedIDs.length !== 1) return;
+                 var baseParents = base.graph._parentWays[id];
 
-                       var selectedID = selectedIDs[0];
-                       if (!this.issue.entityIds.some(function(entityId) {
-                           return entityId === selectedID;
-                       })) return;
+                 if (baseParents) {
+                   baseParents.forEach(function (parentID) {
+                     if (parentID in base.graph.entities) {
+                       baseEntities[parentID] = base.graph.entities[parentID];
+                     }
+                   });
+                 }
+               });
+               var x = {};
+               if (modified.length) x.modified = modified;
+               if (deleted.length) x.deleted = deleted;
+               if (i.imageryUsed) x.imageryUsed = i.imageryUsed;
+               if (i.photoOverlaysUsed) x.photoOverlaysUsed = i.photoOverlaysUsed;
+               if (i.annotation) x.annotation = i.annotation;
+               if (i.transform) x.transform = i.transform;
+               if (i.selectedIDs) x.selectedIDs = i.selectedIDs;
+               return x;
+             });
 
-                       var entity = context.hasEntity(selectedID);
-                       if (!entity) return;
+             return JSON.stringify({
+               version: 3,
+               entities: Object.values(allEntities),
+               baseEntities: Object.values(baseEntities),
+               stack: s,
+               nextIDs: osmEntity.id.next,
+               index: _index,
+               // note the time the changes were saved
+               timestamp: new Date().getTime()
+             });
+           },
+           fromJSON: function fromJSON(json, loadChildNodes) {
+             var h = JSON.parse(json);
+             var loadComplete = true;
+             osmEntity.id.next = h.nextIDs;
+             _index = h.index;
 
-                       var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);   // shallow copy
-                       var layer = tags.layer && Number(tags.layer);
-                       if (layer && !isNaN(layer)) {
-                           if (higherOrLower === 'higher') {
-                               layer += 1;
-                           } else {
-                               layer -= 1;
-                           }
-                       } else {
-                           if (higherOrLower === 'higher') {
-                               layer = 1;
-                           } else {
-                               layer = -1;
-                           }
-                       }
-                       tags.layer = layer.toString();
-                       context.perform(
-                           actionChangeTags(entity.id, tags),
-                           _t('operations.change_tags.annotation')
-                       );
-                   }
+             if (h.version === 2 || h.version === 3) {
+               var allEntities = {};
+               h.entities.forEach(function (entity) {
+                 allEntities[osmEntity.key(entity)] = osmEntity(entity);
                });
-           }
 
-           validation.type = type;
+               if (h.version === 3) {
+                 // This merges originals for changed entities into the base of
+                 // the _stack even if the current _stack doesn't have them (for
+                 // example when iD has been restarted in a different region)
+                 var baseEntities = h.baseEntities.map(function (d) {
+                   return osmEntity(d);
+                 });
 
-           return validation;
-       }
+                 var stack = _stack.map(function (state) {
+                   return state.graph;
+                 });
 
-       function validationDisconnectedWay() {
-           var type = 'disconnected_way';
+                 _stack[0].graph.rebase(baseEntities, stack, true);
 
-           function isTaggedAsHighway(entity) {
-               return osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[entity.tags.highway];
-           }
+                 _tree.rebase(baseEntities, true); // When we restore a modified way, we also need to fetch any missing
+                 // childnodes that would normally have been downloaded with it.. #2142
 
-           var validation = function checkDisconnectedWay(entity, graph) {
 
-               var routingIslandWays = routingIslandForEntity(entity);
-               if (!routingIslandWays) return [];
+                 if (loadChildNodes) {
+                   var osm = context.connection();
+                   var baseWays = baseEntities.filter(function (e) {
+                     return e.type === 'way';
+                   });
+                   var nodeIDs = baseWays.reduce(function (acc, way) {
+                     return utilArrayUnion(acc, way.nodes);
+                   }, []);
+                   var missing = nodeIDs.filter(function (n) {
+                     return !_stack[0].graph.hasEntity(n);
+                   });
 
-               return [new validationIssue({
-                   type: type,
-                   subtype: 'highway',
-                   severity: 'warning',
-                   message: function(context) {
-                       if (this.entityIds.length === 1) {
-                           var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                           return entity ? _t('issues.disconnected_way.highway.message', { highway: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()) }) : '';
-                       }
-                       return _t('issues.disconnected_way.routable.message.multiple', { count: this.entityIds.length.toString() });
-                   },
-                   reference: showReference,
-                   entityIds: Array.from(routingIslandWays).map(function(way) { return way.id; }),
-                   dynamicFixes: makeFixes
-               })];
+                   if (missing.length && osm) {
+                     loadComplete = false;
+                     context.map().redrawEnable(false);
+                     var loading = uiLoading(context).blocking(true);
+                     context.container().call(loading);
 
+                     var childNodesLoaded = function childNodesLoaded(err, result) {
+                       if (!err) {
+                         var visibleGroups = utilArrayGroupBy(result.data, 'visible');
+                         var visibles = visibleGroups["true"] || []; // alive nodes
 
-               function makeFixes(context) {
+                         var invisibles = visibleGroups["false"] || []; // deleted nodes
 
-                   var fixes = [];
+                         if (visibles.length) {
+                           var visibleIDs = visibles.map(function (entity) {
+                             return entity.id;
+                           });
 
-                   var singleEntity = this.entityIds.length === 1 && context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+                           var stack = _stack.map(function (state) {
+                             return state.graph;
+                           });
 
-                   if (singleEntity) {
+                           missing = utilArrayDifference(missing, visibleIDs);
 
-                       if (singleEntity.type === 'way' && !singleEntity.isClosed()) {
+                           _stack[0].graph.rebase(visibles, stack, true);
 
-                           var textDirection = _mainLocalizer.textDirection();
+                           _tree.rebase(visibles, true);
+                         } // fetch older versions of nodes that were deleted..
 
-                           var startFix = makeContinueDrawingFixIfAllowed(textDirection, singleEntity.first(), 'start');
-                           if (startFix) fixes.push(startFix);
 
-                           var endFix = makeContinueDrawingFixIfAllowed(textDirection, singleEntity.last(), 'end');
-                           if (endFix) fixes.push(endFix);
+                         invisibles.forEach(function (entity) {
+                           osm.loadEntityVersion(entity.id, +entity.version - 1, childNodesLoaded);
+                         });
                        }
-                       if (!fixes.length) {
-                           fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                               title: _t('issues.fix.connect_feature.title')
-                           }));
+
+                       if (err || !missing.length) {
+                         loading.close();
+                         context.map().redrawEnable(true);
+                         dispatch.call('change');
+                         dispatch.call('restore', this);
                        }
+                     };
 
-                       fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                           icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
-                           title: _t('issues.fix.delete_feature.title'),
-                           entityIds: [singleEntity.id],
-                           onClick: function(context) {
-                               var id = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                               var operation = operationDelete(context, [id]);
-                               if (!operation.disabled()) {
-                                   operation();
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }));
-                   } else {
-                       fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                           title: _t('issues.fix.connect_features.title')
-                       }));
+                     osm.loadMultiple(missing, childNodesLoaded);
                    }
-
-                   return fixes;
+                 }
                }
 
+               _stack = h.stack.map(function (d) {
+                 var entities = {},
+                     entity;
 
-               function showReference(selection) {
-                   selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                       .data([0])
-                       .enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                       .text(_t('issues.disconnected_way.routable.reference'));
-               }
+                 if (d.modified) {
+                   d.modified.forEach(function (key) {
+                     entity = allEntities[key];
+                     entities[entity.id] = entity;
+                   });
+                 }
 
-               function routingIslandForEntity(entity) {
+                 if (d.deleted) {
+                   d.deleted.forEach(function (id) {
+                     entities[id] = undefined;
+                   });
+                 }
 
-                   var routingIsland = new Set();  // the interconnected routable features
-                   var waysToCheck = [];           // the queue of remaining routable ways to traverse
+                 return {
+                   graph: coreGraph(_stack[0].graph).load(entities),
+                   annotation: d.annotation,
+                   imageryUsed: d.imageryUsed,
+                   photoOverlaysUsed: d.photoOverlaysUsed,
+                   transform: d.transform,
+                   selectedIDs: d.selectedIDs
+                 };
+               });
+             } else {
+               // original version
+               _stack = h.stack.map(function (d) {
+                 var entities = {};
 
-                   function queueParentWays(node) {
-                       graph.parentWays(node).forEach(function(parentWay) {
-                           if (!routingIsland.has(parentWay) &&    // only check each feature once
-                               isRoutableWay(parentWay, false)) {  // only check routable features
-                               routingIsland.add(parentWay);
-                               waysToCheck.push(parentWay);
-                           }
-                       });
-                   }
+                 for (var i in d.entities) {
+                   var entity = d.entities[i];
+                   entities[i] = entity === 'undefined' ? undefined : osmEntity(entity);
+                 }
 
-                   if (entity.type === 'way' && isRoutableWay(entity, true)) {
+                 d.graph = coreGraph(_stack[0].graph).load(entities);
+                 return d;
+               });
+             }
 
-                       routingIsland.add(entity);
-                       waysToCheck.push(entity);
+             var transform = _stack[_index].transform;
 
-                   } else if (entity.type === 'node' && isRoutableNode(entity)) {
+             if (transform) {
+               context.map().transformEase(transform, 0); // 0 = immediate, no easing
+             }
 
-                       routingIsland.add(entity);
-                       queueParentWays(entity);
+             if (loadComplete) {
+               dispatch.call('change');
+               dispatch.call('restore', this);
+             }
 
-                   } else {
-                       // this feature isn't routable, cannot be a routing island
-                       return null;
-                   }
+             return history;
+           },
+           lock: function lock() {
+             return _lock.lock();
+           },
+           unlock: function unlock() {
+             _lock.unlock();
+           },
+           save: function save() {
+             if (_lock.locked() && // don't overwrite existing, unresolved changes
+             !_hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges) {
+               var success = corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'), history.toJSON() || null);
+               if (!success) dispatch.call('storage_error');
+             }
 
-                   while (waysToCheck.length) {
-                       var wayToCheck = waysToCheck.pop();
-                       var childNodes = graph.childNodes(wayToCheck);
-                       for (var i in childNodes) {
-                           var vertex = childNodes[i];
+             return history;
+           },
+           // delete the history version saved in localStorage
+           clearSaved: function clearSaved() {
+             context.debouncedSave.cancel();
 
-                           if (isConnectedVertex(vertex)) {
-                               // found a link to the wider network, not a routing island
-                               return null;
-                           }
+             if (_lock.locked()) {
+               _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges = false;
+               corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'), null); // clear the changeset metadata associated with the saved history
 
-                           if (isRoutableNode(vertex)) {
-                               routingIsland.add(vertex);
-                           }
+               corePreferences('comment', null);
+               corePreferences('hashtags', null);
+               corePreferences('source', null);
+             }
 
-                           queueParentWays(vertex);
-                       }
-                   }
+             return history;
+           },
+           savedHistoryJSON: function savedHistoryJSON() {
+             return corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'));
+           },
+           hasRestorableChanges: function hasRestorableChanges() {
+             return _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges;
+           },
+           // load history from a version stored in localStorage
+           restore: function restore() {
+             if (_lock.locked()) {
+               _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges = false;
+               var json = this.savedHistoryJSON();
+               if (json) history.fromJSON(json, true);
+             }
+           },
+           _getKey: getKey
+         };
+         history.reset();
+         return utilRebind(history, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-                   // no network link found, this is a routing island, return its members
-                   return routingIsland;
-               }
+       /**
+        * Look for roads that can be connected to other roads with a short extension
+        */
 
-               function isConnectedVertex(vertex) {
-                   // assume ways overlapping unloaded tiles are connected to the wider road network  - #5938
-                   var osm = services.osm;
-                   if (osm && !osm.isDataLoaded(vertex.loc)) return true;
+       function validationAlmostJunction(context) {
+         var type = 'almost_junction';
+         var EXTEND_TH_METERS = 5;
+         var WELD_TH_METERS = 0.75; // Comes from considering bounding case of parallel ways
 
-                   // entrances are considered connected
-                   if (vertex.tags.entrance &&
-                       vertex.tags.entrance !== 'no') return true;
-                   if (vertex.tags.amenity === 'parking_entrance') return true;
+         var CLOSE_NODE_TH = EXTEND_TH_METERS - WELD_TH_METERS; // Comes from considering bounding case of perpendicular ways
 
-                   return false;
-               }
+         var SIG_ANGLE_TH = Math.atan(WELD_TH_METERS / EXTEND_TH_METERS);
 
-               function isRoutableNode(node) {
-                   // treat elevators as distinct features in the highway network
-                   if (node.tags.highway === 'elevator') return true;
-                   return false;
-               }
+         function isHighway(entity) {
+           return entity.type === 'way' && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[entity.tags.highway];
+         }
 
-               function isRoutableWay(way, ignoreInnerWays) {
-                   if (isTaggedAsHighway(way) || way.tags.route === 'ferry') return true;
+         function isTaggedAsNotContinuing(node) {
+           return node.tags.noexit === 'yes' || node.tags.amenity === 'parking_entrance' || node.tags.entrance && node.tags.entrance !== 'no';
+         }
 
-                   return graph.parentRelations(way).some(function(parentRelation) {
-                       if (parentRelation.tags.type === 'route' &&
-                           parentRelation.tags.route === 'ferry') return true;
+         var validation = function checkAlmostJunction(entity, graph) {
+           if (!isHighway(entity)) return [];
+           if (entity.isDegenerate()) return [];
+           var tree = context.history().tree();
+           var extendableNodeInfos = findConnectableEndNodesByExtension(entity);
+           var issues = [];
+           extendableNodeInfos.forEach(function (extendableNodeInfo) {
+             issues.push(new validationIssue({
+               type: type,
+               subtype: 'highway-highway',
+               severity: 'warning',
+               message: function message(context) {
+                 var entity1 = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
 
-                       if (parentRelation.isMultipolygon() &&
-                           isTaggedAsHighway(parentRelation) &&
-                           (!ignoreInnerWays || parentRelation.memberById(way.id).role !== 'inner')) return true;
-                   });
-               }
+                 if (this.entityIds[0] === this.entityIds[2]) {
+                   return entity1 ? _t.html('issues.almost_junction.self.message', {
+                     feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity1, context.graph())
+                   }) : '';
+                 } else {
+                   var entity2 = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[2]);
+                   return entity1 && entity2 ? _t.html('issues.almost_junction.message', {
+                     feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity1, context.graph()),
+                     feature2: utilDisplayLabel(entity2, context.graph())
+                   }) : '';
+                 }
+               },
+               reference: showReference,
+               entityIds: [entity.id, extendableNodeInfo.node.id, extendableNodeInfo.wid],
+               loc: extendableNodeInfo.node.loc,
+               hash: JSON.stringify(extendableNodeInfo.node.loc),
+               data: {
+                 midId: extendableNodeInfo.mid.id,
+                 edge: extendableNodeInfo.edge,
+                 cross_loc: extendableNodeInfo.cross_loc
+               },
+               dynamicFixes: makeFixes
+             }));
+           });
+           return issues;
 
-               function makeContinueDrawingFixIfAllowed(textDirection, vertexID, whichEnd) {
-                   var vertex = graph.hasEntity(vertexID);
-                   if (!vertex || vertex.tags.noexit === 'yes') return null;
+           function makeFixes(context) {
+             var fixes = [new validationIssueFix({
+               icon: 'iD-icon-abutment',
+               title: _t.html('issues.fix.connect_features.title'),
+               onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                 var annotation = _t('issues.fix.connect_almost_junction.annotation');
 
-                   var useLeftContinue = (whichEnd === 'start' && textDirection === 'ltr') ||
-                       (whichEnd === 'end' && textDirection === 'rtl');
+                 var _this$issue$entityIds = _slicedToArray(this.issue.entityIds, 3),
+                     endNodeId = _this$issue$entityIds[1],
+                     crossWayId = _this$issue$entityIds[2];
 
-                   return new validationIssueFix({
-                       icon: 'iD-operation-continue' + (useLeftContinue ? '-left' : ''),
-                       title: _t('issues.fix.continue_from_' + whichEnd + '.title'),
-                       entityIds: [vertexID],
-                       onClick: function(context) {
-                           var wayId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                           var way = context.hasEntity(wayId);
-                           var vertexId = this.entityIds[0];
-                           var vertex = context.hasEntity(vertexId);
+                 var midNode = context.entity(this.issue.data.midId);
+                 var endNode = context.entity(endNodeId);
+                 var crossWay = context.entity(crossWayId); // When endpoints are close, just join if resulting small change in angle (#7201)
 
-                           if (!way || !vertex) return;
+                 var nearEndNodes = findNearbyEndNodes(endNode, crossWay);
 
-                           // make sure the vertex is actually visible and editable
-                           var map = context.map();
-                           if (!context.editable() || !map.trimmedExtent().contains(vertex.loc)) {
-                               map.zoomToEase(vertex);
-                           }
+                 if (nearEndNodes.length > 0) {
+                   var collinear = findSmallJoinAngle(midNode, endNode, nearEndNodes);
 
-                           context.enter(
-                               modeDrawLine(context, wayId, context.graph(), 'line', way.affix(vertexId), true)
-                           );
-                       }
-                   });
+                   if (collinear) {
+                     context.perform(actionMergeNodes([collinear.id, endNode.id], collinear.loc), annotation);
+                     return;
+                   }
+                 }
+
+                 var targetEdge = this.issue.data.edge;
+                 var crossLoc = this.issue.data.cross_loc;
+                 var edgeNodes = [context.entity(targetEdge[0]), context.entity(targetEdge[1])];
+                 var closestNodeInfo = geoSphericalClosestNode(edgeNodes, crossLoc); // already a point nearby, just connect to that
+
+                 if (closestNodeInfo.distance < WELD_TH_METERS) {
+                   context.perform(actionMergeNodes([closestNodeInfo.node.id, endNode.id], closestNodeInfo.node.loc), annotation); // else add the end node to the edge way
+                 } else {
+                   context.perform(actionAddMidpoint({
+                     loc: crossLoc,
+                     edge: targetEdge
+                   }, endNode), annotation);
+                 }
                }
+             })];
+             var node = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]);
 
-           };
+             if (node && !node.hasInterestingTags()) {
+               // node has no descriptive tags, suggest noexit fix
+               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'maki-barrier',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.tag_as_disconnected.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   var nodeID = this.issue.entityIds[1];
+                   var tags = Object.assign({}, context.entity(nodeID).tags);
+                   tags.noexit = 'yes';
+                   context.perform(actionChangeTags(nodeID, tags), _t('issues.fix.tag_as_disconnected.annotation'));
+                 }
+               }));
+             }
 
-           validation.type = type;
+             return fixes;
+           }
 
-           return validation;
-       }
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.almost_junction.highway-highway.reference'));
+           }
 
-       function validationFormatting() {
-           var type = 'invalid_format';
+           function isExtendableCandidate(node, way) {
+             // can not accurately test vertices on tiles not downloaded from osm - #5938
+             var osm = services.osm;
 
-           var validation = function(entity) {
-               var issues = [];
+             if (osm && !osm.isDataLoaded(node.loc)) {
+               return false;
+             }
 
-               function isValidEmail(email) {
-                   // Emails in OSM are going to be official so they should be pretty simple
-                   // Using negated lists to better support all possible unicode characters (#6494)
-                   var valid_email = /^[^\(\)\\,":;<>@\[\]]+@[^\(\)\\,":;<>@\[\]\.]+(?:\.[a-z0-9-]+)*$/i;
+             if (isTaggedAsNotContinuing(node) || graph.parentWays(node).length !== 1) {
+               return false;
+             }
 
-                   // An empty value is also acceptable
-                   return (!email || valid_email.test(email));
-               }
-               /*
-               function isSchemePresent(url) {
-                   var valid_scheme = /^https?:\/\//i;
-                   return (!url || valid_scheme.test(url));
-               }
-               */
-               function showReferenceEmail(selection) {
-                   selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                       .data([0])
-                       .enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                       .text(_t('issues.invalid_format.email.reference'));
-               }
-               /*
-               function showReferenceWebsite(selection) {
-                   selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                       .data([0])
-                       .enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                       .text(t('issues.invalid_format.website.reference'));
-               }
-
-               if (entity.tags.website) {
-                   // Multiple websites are possible
-                   // If ever we support ES6, arrow functions make this nicer
-                   var websites = entity.tags.website
-                       .split(';')
-                       .map(function(s) { return s.trim(); })
-                       .filter(function(x) { return !isSchemePresent(x); });
-
-                   if (websites.length) {
-                       issues.push(new validationIssue({
-                           type: type,
-                           subtype: 'website',
-                           severity: 'warning',
-                           message: function(context) {
-                               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                               return entity ? t('issues.invalid_format.website.message' + this.data,
-                                   { feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()), site: websites.join(', ') }) : '';
-                           },
-                           reference: showReferenceWebsite,
-                           entityIds: [entity.id],
-                           hash: websites.join(),
-                           data: (websites.length > 1) ? '_multi' : ''
-                       }));
-                   }
-               }
-               */
-               if (entity.tags.email) {
-                   // Multiple emails are possible
-                   var emails = entity.tags.email
-                       .split(';')
-                       .map(function(s) { return s.trim(); })
-                       .filter(function(x) { return !isValidEmail(x); });
-
-                   if (emails.length) {
-                       issues.push(new validationIssue({
-                           type: type,
-                           subtype: 'email',
-                           severity: 'warning',
-                           message: function(context) {
-                               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                               return entity ? _t('issues.invalid_format.email.message' + this.data,
-                                   { feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()), email: emails.join(', ') }) : '';
-                           },
-                           reference: showReferenceEmail,
-                           entityIds: [entity.id],
-                           hash: emails.join(),
-                           data: (emails.length > 1) ? '_multi' : ''
-                       }));
-                   }
-               }
+             var occurrences = 0;
 
-               return issues;
-           };
+             for (var index in way.nodes) {
+               if (way.nodes[index] === node.id) {
+                 occurrences += 1;
 
-           validation.type = type;
+                 if (occurrences > 1) {
+                   return false;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-           return validation;
-       }
+             return true;
+           }
 
-       function validationHelpRequest(context) {
-           var type = 'help_request';
+           function findConnectableEndNodesByExtension(way) {
+             var results = [];
+             if (way.isClosed()) return results;
+             var testNodes;
+             var indices = [0, way.nodes.length - 1];
+             indices.forEach(function (nodeIndex) {
+               var nodeID = way.nodes[nodeIndex];
+               var node = graph.entity(nodeID);
+               if (!isExtendableCandidate(node, way)) return;
+               var connectionInfo = canConnectByExtend(way, nodeIndex);
+               if (!connectionInfo) return;
+               testNodes = graph.childNodes(way).slice(); // shallow copy
 
-           var validation = function checkFixmeTag(entity) {
+               testNodes[nodeIndex] = testNodes[nodeIndex].move(connectionInfo.cross_loc); // don't flag issue if connecting the ways would cause self-intersection
 
-               if (!entity.tags.fixme) return [];
+               if (geoHasSelfIntersections(testNodes, nodeID)) return;
+               results.push(connectionInfo);
+             });
+             return results;
+           }
 
-               // don't flag fixmes on features added by the user
-               if (entity.version === undefined) return [];
+           function findNearbyEndNodes(node, way) {
+             return [way.nodes[0], way.nodes[way.nodes.length - 1]].map(function (d) {
+               return graph.entity(d);
+             }).filter(function (d) {
+               // Node cannot be near to itself, but other endnode of same way could be
+               return d.id !== node.id && geoSphericalDistance(node.loc, d.loc) <= CLOSE_NODE_TH;
+             });
+           }
 
-               if (entity.v !== undefined) {
-                   var baseEntity = context.history().base().hasEntity(entity.id);
-                   // don't flag fixmes added by the user on existing features
-                   if (!baseEntity || !baseEntity.tags.fixme) return [];
-               }
+           function findSmallJoinAngle(midNode, tipNode, endNodes) {
+             // Both nodes could be close, so want to join whichever is closest to collinear
+             var joinTo;
+             var minAngle = Infinity; // Checks midNode -> tipNode -> endNode for collinearity
 
-               return [new validationIssue({
-                   type: type,
-                   subtype: 'fixme_tag',
-                   severity: 'warning',
-                   message: function(context) {
-                       var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                       return entity ? _t('issues.fixme_tag.message', { feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()) }) : '';
-                   },
-                   dynamicFixes: function() {
-                       return [
-                           new validationIssueFix({
-                               title: _t('issues.fix.address_the_concern.title')
-                           })
-                       ];
-                   },
-                   reference: showReference,
-                   entityIds: [entity.id]
-               })];
+             endNodes.forEach(function (endNode) {
+               var a1 = geoAngle(midNode, tipNode, context.projection) + Math.PI;
+               var a2 = geoAngle(midNode, endNode, context.projection) + Math.PI;
+               var diff = Math.max(a1, a2) - Math.min(a1, a2);
 
-               function showReference(selection) {
-                   selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                       .data([0])
-                       .enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                       .text(_t('issues.fixme_tag.reference'));
+               if (diff < minAngle) {
+                 joinTo = endNode;
+                 minAngle = diff;
                }
-           };
+             });
+             /* Threshold set by considering right angle triangle
+             based on node joining threshold and extension distance */
 
-           validation.type = type;
+             if (minAngle <= SIG_ANGLE_TH) return joinTo;
+             return null;
+           }
 
-           return validation;
-       }
+           function hasTag(tags, key) {
+             return tags[key] !== undefined && tags[key] !== 'no';
+           }
 
-       function validationImpossibleOneway() {
-           var type = 'impossible_oneway';
+           function canConnectWays(way, way2) {
+             // allow self-connections
+             if (way.id === way2.id) return true; // if one is bridge or tunnel, both must be bridge or tunnel
 
-           var validation = function checkImpossibleOneway(entity, graph) {
+             if ((hasTag(way.tags, 'bridge') || hasTag(way2.tags, 'bridge')) && !(hasTag(way.tags, 'bridge') && hasTag(way2.tags, 'bridge'))) return false;
+             if ((hasTag(way.tags, 'tunnel') || hasTag(way2.tags, 'tunnel')) && !(hasTag(way.tags, 'tunnel') && hasTag(way2.tags, 'tunnel'))) return false; // must have equivalent layers and levels
 
-               if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.geometry(graph) !== 'line') return [];
+             var layer1 = way.tags.layer || '0',
+                 layer2 = way2.tags.layer || '0';
+             if (layer1 !== layer2) return false;
+             var level1 = way.tags.level || '0',
+                 level2 = way2.tags.level || '0';
+             if (level1 !== level2) return false;
+             return true;
+           }
 
-               if (entity.isClosed()) return [];
+           function canConnectByExtend(way, endNodeIdx) {
+             var tipNid = way.nodes[endNodeIdx]; // the 'tip' node for extension point
 
-               if (!typeForWay(entity)) return [];
+             var midNid = endNodeIdx === 0 ? way.nodes[1] : way.nodes[way.nodes.length - 2]; // the other node of the edge
 
-               if (!isOneway(entity)) return [];
+             var tipNode = graph.entity(tipNid);
+             var midNode = graph.entity(midNid);
+             var lon = tipNode.loc[0];
+             var lat = tipNode.loc[1];
+             var lon_range = geoMetersToLon(EXTEND_TH_METERS, lat) / 2;
+             var lat_range = geoMetersToLat(EXTEND_TH_METERS) / 2;
+             var queryExtent = geoExtent([[lon - lon_range, lat - lat_range], [lon + lon_range, lat + lat_range]]); // first, extend the edge of [midNode -> tipNode] by EXTEND_TH_METERS and find the "extended tip" location
 
-               var firstIssues = issuesForNode(entity, entity.first());
-               var lastIssues = issuesForNode(entity, entity.last());
+             var edgeLen = geoSphericalDistance(midNode.loc, tipNode.loc);
+             var t = EXTEND_TH_METERS / edgeLen + 1.0;
+             var extTipLoc = geoVecInterp(midNode.loc, tipNode.loc, t); // then, check if the extension part [tipNode.loc -> extTipLoc] intersects any other ways
 
-               return firstIssues.concat(lastIssues);
+             var segmentInfos = tree.waySegments(queryExtent, graph);
 
-               function typeForWay(way) {
-                   if (way.geometry(graph) !== 'line') return null;
+             for (var i = 0; i < segmentInfos.length; i++) {
+               var segmentInfo = segmentInfos[i];
+               var way2 = graph.entity(segmentInfo.wayId);
+               if (!isHighway(way2)) continue;
+               if (!canConnectWays(way, way2)) continue;
+               var nAid = segmentInfo.nodes[0],
+                   nBid = segmentInfo.nodes[1];
+               if (nAid === tipNid || nBid === tipNid) continue;
+               var nA = graph.entity(nAid),
+                   nB = graph.entity(nBid);
+               var crossLoc = geoLineIntersection([tipNode.loc, extTipLoc], [nA.loc, nB.loc]);
 
-                   if (osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[way.tags.highway]) return 'highway';
-                   if (osmFlowingWaterwayTagValues[way.tags.waterway]) return 'waterway';
-                   return null;
+               if (crossLoc) {
+                 return {
+                   mid: midNode,
+                   node: tipNode,
+                   wid: way2.id,
+                   edge: [nA.id, nB.id],
+                   cross_loc: crossLoc
+                 };
                }
+             }
 
-               function isOneway(way) {
-                   if (way.tags.oneway === 'yes') return true;
-                   if (way.tags.oneway) return false;
+             return null;
+           }
+         };
 
-                   for (var key in way.tags) {
-                       if (osmOneWayTags[key] && osmOneWayTags[key][way.tags[key]]) {
-                           return true;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   return false;
-               }
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
-               function nodeOccursMoreThanOnce(way, nodeID) {
-                   var occurences = 0;
-                   for (var index in way.nodes) {
-                       if (way.nodes[index] === nodeID) {
-                           occurences += 1;
-                           if (occurences > 1) return true;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   return false;
-               }
+       function validationCloseNodes(context) {
+         var type = 'close_nodes';
+         var pointThresholdMeters = 0.2;
+
+         var validation = function validation(entity, graph) {
+           if (entity.type === 'node') {
+             return getIssuesForNode(entity);
+           } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
+             return getIssuesForWay(entity);
+           }
 
-               function isConnectedViaOtherTypes(way, node) {
+           return [];
 
-                   var wayType = typeForWay(way);
+           function getIssuesForNode(node) {
+             var parentWays = graph.parentWays(node);
 
-                   if (wayType === 'highway') {
-                       // entrances are considered connected
-                       if (node.tags.entrance && node.tags.entrance !== 'no') return true;
-                       if (node.tags.amenity === 'parking_entrance') return true;
-                   } else if (wayType === 'waterway') {
-                       if (node.id === way.first()) {
-                           // multiple waterways may start at the same spring
-                           if (node.tags.natural === 'spring') return true;
-                       } else {
-                           // multiple waterways may end at the same drain
-                           if (node.tags.manhole === 'drain') return true;
-                       }
-                   }
+             if (parentWays.length) {
+               return getIssuesForVertex(node, parentWays);
+             } else {
+               return getIssuesForDetachedPoint(node);
+             }
+           }
 
-                   return graph.parentWays(node).some(function(parentWay) {
-                       if (parentWay.id === way.id) return false;
+           function wayTypeFor(way) {
+             if (way.tags.boundary && way.tags.boundary !== 'no') return 'boundary';
+             if (way.tags.indoor && way.tags.indoor !== 'no') return 'indoor';
+             if (way.tags.building && way.tags.building !== 'no' || way.tags['building:part'] && way.tags['building:part'] !== 'no') return 'building';
+             if (osmPathHighwayTagValues[way.tags.highway]) return 'path';
+             var parentRelations = graph.parentRelations(way);
 
-                       if (wayType === 'highway') {
+             for (var i in parentRelations) {
+               var relation = parentRelations[i];
+               if (relation.tags.type === 'boundary') return 'boundary';
 
-                           // allow connections to highway areas
-                           if (parentWay.geometry(graph) === 'area' &&
-                               osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[parentWay.tags.highway]) return true;
+               if (relation.isMultipolygon()) {
+                 if (relation.tags.indoor && relation.tags.indoor !== 'no') return 'indoor';
+                 if (relation.tags.building && relation.tags.building !== 'no' || relation.tags['building:part'] && relation.tags['building:part'] !== 'no') return 'building';
+               }
+             }
 
-                           // count connections to ferry routes as connected
-                           if (parentWay.tags.route === 'ferry') return true;
+             return 'other';
+           }
 
-                           return graph.parentRelations(parentWay).some(function(parentRelation) {
-                               if (parentRelation.tags.type === 'route' &&
-                                   parentRelation.tags.route === 'ferry') return true;
+           function shouldCheckWay(way) {
+             // don't flag issues where merging would create degenerate ways
+             if (way.nodes.length <= 2 || way.isClosed() && way.nodes.length <= 4) return false;
+             var bbox = way.extent(graph).bbox();
+             var hypotenuseMeters = geoSphericalDistance([bbox.minX, bbox.minY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.maxY]); // don't flag close nodes in very small ways
 
-                               // allow connections to highway multipolygons
-                               return parentRelation.isMultipolygon() && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[parentRelation.tags.highway];
-                           });
-                       } else if (wayType === 'waterway') {
-                           // multiple waterways may start or end at a water body at the same node
-                           if (parentWay.tags.natural === 'water' ||
-                               parentWay.tags.natural === 'coastline') return true;
-                       }
-                       return false;
-                   });
-               }
+             if (hypotenuseMeters < 1.5) return false;
+             return true;
+           }
 
-               function issuesForNode(way, nodeID) {
+           function getIssuesForWay(way) {
+             if (!shouldCheckWay(way)) return [];
+             var issues = [],
+                 nodes = graph.childNodes(way);
 
-                   var isFirst = nodeID === way.first();
+             for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length - 1; i++) {
+               var node1 = nodes[i];
+               var node2 = nodes[i + 1];
+               var issue = getWayIssueIfAny(node1, node2, way);
+               if (issue) issues.push(issue);
+             }
 
-                   var wayType = typeForWay(way);
+             return issues;
+           }
 
-                   // ignore if this way is self-connected at this node
-                   if (nodeOccursMoreThanOnce(way, nodeID)) return [];
+           function getIssuesForVertex(node, parentWays) {
+             var issues = [];
 
-                   var osm = services.osm;
-                   if (!osm) return [];
+             function checkForCloseness(node1, node2, way) {
+               var issue = getWayIssueIfAny(node1, node2, way);
+               if (issue) issues.push(issue);
+             }
 
-                   var node = graph.hasEntity(nodeID);
+             for (var i = 0; i < parentWays.length; i++) {
+               var parentWay = parentWays[i];
+               if (!shouldCheckWay(parentWay)) continue;
+               var lastIndex = parentWay.nodes.length - 1;
 
-                   // ignore if this node or its tile are unloaded
-                   if (!node || !osm.isDataLoaded(node.loc)) return [];
+               for (var j = 0; j < parentWay.nodes.length; j++) {
+                 if (j !== 0) {
+                   if (parentWay.nodes[j - 1] === node.id) {
+                     checkForCloseness(node, graph.entity(parentWay.nodes[j]), parentWay);
+                   }
+                 }
 
-                   if (isConnectedViaOtherTypes(way, node)) return [];
+                 if (j !== lastIndex) {
+                   if (parentWay.nodes[j + 1] === node.id) {
+                     checkForCloseness(graph.entity(parentWay.nodes[j]), node, parentWay);
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-                   var attachedWaysOfSameType = graph.parentWays(node).filter(function(parentWay) {
-                       if (parentWay.id === way.id) return false;
-                       return typeForWay(parentWay) === wayType;
-                   });
+             return issues;
+           }
 
-                   // assume it's okay for waterways to start or end disconnected for now
-                   if (wayType === 'waterway' && attachedWaysOfSameType.length === 0) return [];
+           function thresholdMetersForWay(way) {
+             if (!shouldCheckWay(way)) return 0;
+             var wayType = wayTypeFor(way); // don't flag boundaries since they might be highly detailed and can't be easily verified
 
-                   var attachedOneways = attachedWaysOfSameType.filter(function(attachedWay) {
-                       return isOneway(attachedWay);
-                   });
+             if (wayType === 'boundary') return 0; // expect some features to be mapped with higher levels of detail
 
-                   // ignore if the way is connected to some non-oneway features
-                   if (attachedOneways.length < attachedWaysOfSameType.length) return [];
+             if (wayType === 'indoor') return 0.01;
+             if (wayType === 'building') return 0.05;
+             if (wayType === 'path') return 0.1;
+             return 0.2;
+           }
 
-                   if (attachedOneways.length) {
-                       var connectedEndpointsOkay = attachedOneways.some(function(attachedOneway) {
-                           if ((isFirst ? attachedOneway.first() : attachedOneway.last()) !== nodeID) return true;
-                           if (nodeOccursMoreThanOnce(attachedOneway, nodeID)) return true;
-                           return false;
-                       });
-                       if (connectedEndpointsOkay) return [];
-                   }
+           function getIssuesForDetachedPoint(node) {
+             var issues = [];
+             var lon = node.loc[0];
+             var lat = node.loc[1];
+             var lon_range = geoMetersToLon(pointThresholdMeters, lat) / 2;
+             var lat_range = geoMetersToLat(pointThresholdMeters) / 2;
+             var queryExtent = geoExtent([[lon - lon_range, lat - lat_range], [lon + lon_range, lat + lat_range]]);
+             var intersected = context.history().tree().intersects(queryExtent, graph);
 
-                   var placement = isFirst ? 'start' : 'end',
-                       messageID = wayType + '.',
-                       referenceID = wayType + '.';
+             for (var j = 0; j < intersected.length; j++) {
+               var nearby = intersected[j];
+               if (nearby.id === node.id) continue;
+               if (nearby.type !== 'node' || nearby.geometry(graph) !== 'point') continue;
 
-                   if (wayType === 'waterway') {
-                       messageID += 'connected.' + placement;
-                       referenceID += 'connected';
-                   } else {
-                       messageID += placement;
-                       referenceID += placement;
-                   }
+               if (nearby.loc === node.loc || geoSphericalDistance(node.loc, nearby.loc) < pointThresholdMeters) {
+                 // allow very close points if tags indicate the z-axis might vary
+                 var zAxisKeys = {
+                   layer: true,
+                   level: true,
+                   'addr:housenumber': true,
+                   'addr:unit': true
+                 };
+                 var zAxisDifferentiates = false;
 
-                   return [new validationIssue({
-                       type: type,
-                       subtype: wayType,
-                       severity: 'warning',
-                       message: function(context) {
-                           var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                           return entity ? _t('issues.impossible_oneway.' + messageID + '.message', {
-                               feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
-                           }) : '';
-                       },
-                       reference: getReference(referenceID),
-                       entityIds: [way.id, node.id],
-                       dynamicFixes: function() {
-
-                           var fixes = [];
-
-                           if (attachedOneways.length) {
-                               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                                   icon: 'iD-operation-reverse',
-                                   title: _t('issues.fix.reverse_feature.title'),
-                                   entityIds: [way.id],
-                                   onClick: function(context) {
-                                       var id = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                                       context.perform(actionReverse(id), _t('operations.reverse.annotation'));
-                                   }
-                               }));
-                           }
-                           if (node.tags.noexit !== 'yes') {
-                               var textDirection = _mainLocalizer.textDirection();
-                               var useLeftContinue = (isFirst && textDirection === 'ltr') ||
-                                   (!isFirst && textDirection === 'rtl');
-                               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                                   icon: 'iD-operation-continue' + (useLeftContinue ? '-left' : ''),
-                                   title: _t('issues.fix.continue_from_' + (isFirst ? 'start' : 'end') + '.title'),
-                                   onClick: function(context) {
-                                       var entityID = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                                       var vertexID = this.issue.entityIds[1];
-                                       var way = context.entity(entityID);
-                                       var vertex = context.entity(vertexID);
-                                       continueDrawing(way, vertex, context);
-                                   }
-                               }));
-                           }
+                 for (var key in zAxisKeys) {
+                   var nodeValue = node.tags[key] || '0';
+                   var nearbyValue = nearby.tags[key] || '0';
 
-                           return fixes;
-                       },
-                       loc: node.loc
-                   })];
-
-                   function getReference(referenceID) {
-                       return function showReference(selection) {
-                           selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                               .data([0])
-                               .enter()
-                               .append('div')
-                               .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                               .text(_t('issues.impossible_oneway.' + referenceID + '.reference'));
-                       };
+                   if (nodeValue !== nearbyValue) {
+                     zAxisDifferentiates = true;
+                     break;
                    }
-               }
-           };
+                 }
 
-           function continueDrawing(way, vertex, context) {
-               // make sure the vertex is actually visible and editable
-               var map = context.map();
-               if (!context.editable() || !map.trimmedExtent().contains(vertex.loc)) {
-                   map.zoomToEase(vertex);
+                 if (zAxisDifferentiates) continue;
+                 issues.push(new validationIssue({
+                   type: type,
+                   subtype: 'detached',
+                   severity: 'warning',
+                   message: function message(context) {
+                     var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]),
+                         entity2 = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]);
+                     return entity && entity2 ? _t.html('issues.close_nodes.detached.message', {
+                       feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()),
+                       feature2: utilDisplayLabel(entity2, context.graph())
+                     }) : '';
+                   },
+                   reference: showReference,
+                   entityIds: [node.id, nearby.id],
+                   dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+                     return [new validationIssueFix({
+                       icon: 'iD-operation-disconnect',
+                       title: _t.html('issues.fix.move_points_apart.title')
+                     }), new validationIssueFix({
+                       icon: 'iD-icon-layers',
+                       title: _t.html('issues.fix.use_different_layers_or_levels.title')
+                     })];
+                   }
+                 }));
                }
+             }
 
-               context.enter(
-                   modeDrawLine(context, way.id, context.graph(), 'line', way.affix(vertex.id), true)
-               );
+             return issues;
+
+             function showReference(selection) {
+               var referenceText = _t('issues.close_nodes.detached.reference');
+               selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(referenceText);
+             }
            }
 
-           validation.type = type;
+           function getWayIssueIfAny(node1, node2, way) {
+             if (node1.id === node2.id || node1.hasInterestingTags() && node2.hasInterestingTags()) {
+               return null;
+             }
 
-           return validation;
-       }
+             if (node1.loc !== node2.loc) {
+               var parentWays1 = graph.parentWays(node1);
+               var parentWays2 = new Set(graph.parentWays(node2));
+               var sharedWays = parentWays1.filter(function (parentWay) {
+                 return parentWays2.has(parentWay);
+               });
+               var thresholds = sharedWays.map(function (parentWay) {
+                 return thresholdMetersForWay(parentWay);
+               });
+               var threshold = Math.min.apply(Math, _toConsumableArray(thresholds));
+               var distance = geoSphericalDistance(node1.loc, node2.loc);
+               if (distance > threshold) return null;
+             }
 
-       function validationIncompatibleSource() {
-           var type = 'incompatible_source';
-           var invalidSources = [
-               {
-                   id:'google', regex:'google', exceptRegex: 'books.google|Google Books|drive.google|googledrive|Google Drive'
+             return new validationIssue({
+               type: type,
+               subtype: 'vertices',
+               severity: 'warning',
+               message: function message(context) {
+                 var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.close_nodes.message', {
+                   way: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
+                 }) : '';
+               },
+               reference: showReference,
+               entityIds: [way.id, node1.id, node2.id],
+               loc: node1.loc,
+               dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+                 return [new validationIssueFix({
+                   icon: 'iD-icon-plus',
+                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.merge_points.title'),
+                   onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                     var entityIds = this.issue.entityIds;
+                     var action = actionMergeNodes([entityIds[1], entityIds[2]]);
+                     context.perform(action, _t('issues.fix.merge_close_vertices.annotation'));
+                   }
+                 }), new validationIssueFix({
+                   icon: 'iD-operation-disconnect',
+                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.move_points_apart.title')
+                 })];
                }
-           ];
+             });
 
-           var validation = function checkIncompatibleSource(entity) {
+             function showReference(selection) {
+               var referenceText = _t('issues.close_nodes.reference');
+               selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').html(referenceText);
+             }
+           }
+         };
 
-               var entitySources = entity.tags && entity.tags.source && entity.tags.source.split(';');
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
-               if (!entitySources) return [];
+       function validationCrossingWays(context) {
+         var type = 'crossing_ways'; // returns the way or its parent relation, whichever has a useful feature type
 
-               var issues = [];
+         function getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(way, graph) {
+           if (getFeatureType(way, graph) === null) {
+             // if the way doesn't match a feature type, check its parent relations
+             var parentRels = graph.parentRelations(way);
 
-               invalidSources.forEach(function(invalidSource) {
+             for (var i = 0; i < parentRels.length; i++) {
+               var rel = parentRels[i];
 
-                   var hasInvalidSource = entitySources.some(function(source) {
-                       if (!source.match(new RegExp(invalidSource.regex, 'i'))) return false;
-                       if (invalidSource.exceptRegex && source.match(new RegExp(invalidSource.exceptRegex, 'i'))) return false;
-                       return true;
-                   });
+               if (getFeatureType(rel, graph) !== null) {
+                 return rel;
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-                   if (!hasInvalidSource) return;
+           return way;
+         }
 
-                   issues.push(new validationIssue({
-                       type: type,
-                       severity: 'warning',
-                       message: function(context) {
-                           var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                           return entity ? _t('issues.incompatible_source.' + invalidSource.id + '.feature.message', {
-                               feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
-                           }) : '';
-                       },
-                       reference: getReference(invalidSource.id),
-                       entityIds: [entity.id],
-                       dynamicFixes: function() {
-                           return [
-                               new validationIssueFix({
-                                   title: _t('issues.fix.remove_proprietary_data.title')
-                               })
-                           ];
-                       }
-                   }));
-               });
+         function hasTag(tags, key) {
+           return tags[key] !== undefined && tags[key] !== 'no';
+         }
 
-               return issues;
+         function taggedAsIndoor(tags) {
+           return hasTag(tags, 'indoor') || hasTag(tags, 'level') || tags.highway === 'corridor';
+         }
 
+         function allowsBridge(featureType) {
+           return featureType === 'highway' || featureType === 'railway' || featureType === 'waterway';
+         }
 
-               function getReference(id) {
-                   return function showReference(selection) {
-                       selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                           .data([0])
-                           .enter()
-                           .append('div')
-                           .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                           .text(_t('issues.incompatible_source.' + id + '.reference'));
-                   };
-               }
-           };
+         function allowsTunnel(featureType) {
+           return featureType === 'highway' || featureType === 'railway' || featureType === 'waterway';
+         } // discard
 
-           validation.type = type;
 
-           return validation;
-       }
+         var ignoredBuildings = {
+           demolished: true,
+           dismantled: true,
+           proposed: true,
+           razed: true
+         };
 
-       function validationMaprules() {
-           var type = 'maprules';
+         function getFeatureType(entity, graph) {
+           var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+           if (geometry !== 'line' && geometry !== 'area') return null;
+           var tags = entity.tags;
+           if (hasTag(tags, 'building') && !ignoredBuildings[tags.building]) return 'building';
+           if (hasTag(tags, 'highway') && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[tags.highway]) return 'highway'; // don't check railway or waterway areas
 
-           var validation = function checkMaprules(entity, graph) {
-               if (!services.maprules) return [];
+           if (geometry !== 'line') return null;
+           if (hasTag(tags, 'railway') && osmRailwayTrackTagValues[tags.railway]) return 'railway';
+           if (hasTag(tags, 'waterway') && osmFlowingWaterwayTagValues[tags.waterway]) return 'waterway';
+           return null;
+         }
 
-               var rules = services.maprules.validationRules();
-               var issues = [];
+         function isLegitCrossing(tags1, featureType1, tags2, featureType2) {
+           // assume 0 by default
+           var level1 = tags1.level || '0';
+           var level2 = tags2.level || '0';
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < rules.length; i++) {
-                   var rule = rules[i];
-                   rule.findIssues(entity, graph, issues);
-               }
+           if (taggedAsIndoor(tags1) && taggedAsIndoor(tags2) && level1 !== level2) {
+             // assume features don't interact if they're indoor on different levels
+             return true;
+           } // assume 0 by default; don't use way.layer() since we account for structures here
 
-               return issues;
-           };
 
+           var layer1 = tags1.layer || '0';
+           var layer2 = tags2.layer || '0';
 
-           validation.type = type;
+           if (allowsBridge(featureType1) && allowsBridge(featureType2)) {
+             if (hasTag(tags1, 'bridge') && !hasTag(tags2, 'bridge')) return true;
+             if (!hasTag(tags1, 'bridge') && hasTag(tags2, 'bridge')) return true; // crossing bridges must use different layers
 
-           return validation;
-       }
+             if (hasTag(tags1, 'bridge') && hasTag(tags2, 'bridge') && layer1 !== layer2) return true;
+           } else if (allowsBridge(featureType1) && hasTag(tags1, 'bridge')) return true;else if (allowsBridge(featureType2) && hasTag(tags2, 'bridge')) return true;
 
-       function validationMismatchedGeometry() {
-           var type = 'mismatched_geometry';
+           if (allowsTunnel(featureType1) && allowsTunnel(featureType2)) {
+             if (hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel') && !hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel')) return true;
+             if (!hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel') && hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel')) return true; // crossing tunnels must use different layers
 
-           function tagSuggestingLineIsArea(entity) {
-               if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.isClosed()) return null;
+             if (hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel') && hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel') && layer1 !== layer2) return true;
+           } else if (allowsTunnel(featureType1) && hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel')) return true;else if (allowsTunnel(featureType2) && hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel')) return true; // don't flag crossing waterways and pier/highways
 
-               var tagSuggestingArea = entity.tagSuggestingArea();
-               if (!tagSuggestingArea) {
-                   return null;
-               }
 
-               var asLine = _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(tagSuggestingArea, 'line');
-               var asArea = _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(tagSuggestingArea, 'area');
-               if (asLine && asArea && (asLine === asArea)) {
-                   // these tags also allow lines and making this an area wouldn't matter
-                   return null;
-               }
+           if (featureType1 === 'waterway' && featureType2 === 'highway' && tags2.man_made === 'pier') return true;
+           if (featureType2 === 'waterway' && featureType1 === 'highway' && tags1.man_made === 'pier') return true;
 
-               return tagSuggestingArea;
+           if (featureType1 === 'building' || featureType2 === 'building') {
+             // for building crossings, different layers are enough
+             if (layer1 !== layer2) return true;
            }
 
+           return false;
+         } // highway values for which we shouldn't recommend connecting to waterways
 
-           function makeConnectEndpointsFixOnClick(way, graph) {
-               // must have at least three nodes to close this automatically
-               if (way.nodes.length < 3) return null;
 
-               var nodes = graph.childNodes(way), testNodes;
-               var firstToLastDistanceMeters = geoSphericalDistance(nodes[0].loc, nodes[nodes.length-1].loc);
+         var highwaysDisallowingFords = {
+           motorway: true,
+           motorway_link: true,
+           trunk: true,
+           trunk_link: true,
+           primary: true,
+           primary_link: true,
+           secondary: true,
+           secondary_link: true
+         };
+         var nonCrossingHighways = {
+           track: true
+         };
 
-               // if the distance is very small, attempt to merge the endpoints
-               if (firstToLastDistanceMeters < 0.75) {
-                   testNodes = nodes.slice();   // shallow copy
-                   testNodes.pop();
-                   testNodes.push(testNodes[0]);
-                   // make sure this will not create a self-intersection
-                   if (!geoHasSelfIntersections(testNodes, testNodes[0].id)) {
-                       return function(context) {
-                           var way = context.entity(this.issue.entityIds[0]);
-                           context.perform(
-                               actionMergeNodes([way.nodes[0], way.nodes[way.nodes.length-1]], nodes[0].loc),
-                               _t('issues.fix.connect_endpoints.annotation')
-                           );
-                       };
-                   }
-               }
+         function tagsForConnectionNodeIfAllowed(entity1, entity2, graph) {
+           var featureType1 = getFeatureType(entity1, graph);
+           var featureType2 = getFeatureType(entity2, graph);
+           var geometry1 = entity1.geometry(graph);
+           var geometry2 = entity2.geometry(graph);
+           var bothLines = geometry1 === 'line' && geometry2 === 'line';
 
-               // if the points were not merged, attempt to close the way
-               testNodes = nodes.slice();   // shallow copy
-               testNodes.push(testNodes[0]);
-               // make sure this will not create a self-intersection
-               if (!geoHasSelfIntersections(testNodes, testNodes[0].id)) {
-                   return function(context) {
-                       var wayId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                       var way = context.entity(wayId);
-                       var nodeId = way.nodes[0];
-                       var index = way.nodes.length;
-                       context.perform(
-                           actionAddVertex(wayId, nodeId, index),
-                           _t('issues.fix.connect_endpoints.annotation')
-                       );
-                   };
-               }
-           }
+           if (featureType1 === featureType2) {
+             if (featureType1 === 'highway') {
+               var entity1IsPath = osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity1.tags.highway];
+               var entity2IsPath = osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity2.tags.highway];
 
-           function lineTaggedAsAreaIssue(entity) {
+               if ((entity1IsPath || entity2IsPath) && entity1IsPath !== entity2IsPath) {
+                 // one feature is a path but not both
+                 var roadFeature = entity1IsPath ? entity2 : entity1;
 
-               var tagSuggestingArea = tagSuggestingLineIsArea(entity);
-               if (!tagSuggestingArea) return null;
+                 if (nonCrossingHighways[roadFeature.tags.highway]) {
+                   // don't mark path connections with certain roads as crossings
+                   return {};
+                 }
 
-               return new validationIssue({
-                   type: type,
-                   subtype: 'area_as_line',
-                   severity: 'warning',
-                   message: function(context) {
-                       var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                       return entity ? _t('issues.tag_suggests_area.message', {
-                           feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()),
-                           tag: utilTagText({ tags: tagSuggestingArea })
-                       }) : '';
-                   },
-                   reference: showReference,
-                   entityIds: [entity.id],
-                   hash: JSON.stringify(tagSuggestingArea),
-                   dynamicFixes: function(context) {
+                 var pathFeature = entity1IsPath ? entity1 : entity2;
 
-                       var fixes = [];
+                 if (['marked', 'unmarked'].indexOf(pathFeature.tags.crossing) !== -1) {
+                   // if the path is a crossing, match the crossing type
+                   return bothLines ? {
+                     highway: 'crossing',
+                     crossing: pathFeature.tags.crossing
+                   } : {};
+                 } // don't add a `crossing` subtag to ambiguous crossings
 
-                       var entity = context.entity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                       var connectEndsOnClick = makeConnectEndpointsFixOnClick(entity, context.graph());
 
-                       fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                           title: _t('issues.fix.connect_endpoints.title'),
-                           onClick: connectEndsOnClick
-                       }));
+                 return bothLines ? {
+                   highway: 'crossing'
+                 } : {};
+               }
 
-                       fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                           icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
-                           title: _t('issues.fix.remove_tag.title'),
-                           onClick: function(context) {
-                               var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                               var entity = context.entity(entityId);
-                               var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);  // shallow copy
-                               for (var key in tagSuggestingArea) {
-                                   delete tags[key];
-                               }
-                               context.perform(
-                                   actionChangeTags(entityId, tags),
-                                   _t('issues.fix.remove_tag.annotation')
-                               );
-                           }
-                       }));
+               return {};
+             }
 
-                       return fixes;
-                   }
-               });
+             if (featureType1 === 'waterway') return {};
+             if (featureType1 === 'railway') return {};
+           } else {
+             var featureTypes = [featureType1, featureType2];
 
+             if (featureTypes.indexOf('highway') !== -1) {
+               if (featureTypes.indexOf('railway') !== -1) {
+                 if (!bothLines) return {};
+                 var isTram = entity1.tags.railway === 'tram' || entity2.tags.railway === 'tram';
 
-               function showReference(selection) {
-                   selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                       .data([0])
-                       .enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                       .text(_t('issues.tag_suggests_area.reference'));
-               }
-           }
+                 if (osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity1.tags.highway] || osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity2.tags.highway]) {
+                   // path-tram connections use this tag
+                   if (isTram) return {
+                     railway: 'tram_crossing'
+                   }; // other path-rail connections use this tag
 
-           function vertexTaggedAsPointIssue(entity, graph) {
-               // we only care about nodes
-               if (entity.type !== 'node') return null;
+                   return {
+                     railway: 'crossing'
+                   };
+                 } else {
+                   // path-tram connections use this tag
+                   if (isTram) return {
+                     railway: 'tram_level_crossing'
+                   }; // other road-rail connections use this tag
 
-               // ignore tagless points
-               if (Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0) return null;
+                   return {
+                     railway: 'level_crossing'
+                   };
+                 }
+               }
 
-               // address lines are special so just ignore them
-               if (entity.isOnAddressLine(graph)) return null;
+               if (featureTypes.indexOf('waterway') !== -1) {
+                 // do not allow fords on structures
+                 if (hasTag(entity1.tags, 'tunnel') && hasTag(entity2.tags, 'tunnel')) return null;
+                 if (hasTag(entity1.tags, 'bridge') && hasTag(entity2.tags, 'bridge')) return null;
 
-               var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
-               var allowedGeometries = osmNodeGeometriesForTags(entity.tags);
+                 if (highwaysDisallowingFords[entity1.tags.highway] || highwaysDisallowingFords[entity2.tags.highway]) {
+                   // do not allow fords on major highways
+                   return null;
+                 }
 
-               if (geometry === 'point' && !allowedGeometries.point && allowedGeometries.vertex) {
+                 return bothLines ? {
+                   ford: 'yes'
+                 } : {};
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-                   return new validationIssue({
-                       type: type,
-                       subtype: 'vertex_as_point',
-                       severity: 'warning',
-                       message: function(context) {
-                           var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                           return entity ? _t('issues.vertex_as_point.message', {
-                               feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
-                           }) : '';
-                       },
-                       reference: function showReference(selection) {
-                           selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                               .data([0])
-                               .enter()
-                               .append('div')
-                               .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                               .text(_t('issues.vertex_as_point.reference'));
-                       },
-                       entityIds: [entity.id]
-                   });
+           return null;
+         }
 
-               } else if (geometry === 'vertex' && !allowedGeometries.vertex && allowedGeometries.point) {
+         function findCrossingsByWay(way1, graph, tree) {
+           var edgeCrossInfos = [];
+           if (way1.type !== 'way') return edgeCrossInfos;
+           var taggedFeature1 = getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(way1, graph);
+           var way1FeatureType = getFeatureType(taggedFeature1, graph);
+           if (way1FeatureType === null) return edgeCrossInfos;
+           var checkedSingleCrossingWays = {}; // declare vars ahead of time to reduce garbage collection
 
-                   return new validationIssue({
-                       type: type,
-                       subtype: 'point_as_vertex',
-                       severity: 'warning',
-                       message: function(context) {
-                           var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                           return entity ? _t('issues.point_as_vertex.message', {
-                               feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
-                           }) : '';
-                       },
-                       reference: function showReference(selection) {
-                           selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                               .data([0])
-                               .enter()
-                               .append('div')
-                               .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                               .text(_t('issues.point_as_vertex.reference'));
-                       },
-                       entityIds: [entity.id],
-                       dynamicFixes: function(context) {
-
-                           var entityId = this.entityIds[0];
-
-                           var extractOnClick = null;
-                           if (!context.hasHiddenConnections(entityId)) {
-
-                               extractOnClick = function(context) {
-                                   var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                                   var action = actionExtract(entityId);
-                                   context.perform(
-                                       action,
-                                       _t('operations.extract.annotation.single')
-                                   );
-                                   // re-enter mode to trigger updates
-                                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, [action.getExtractedNodeID()]));
-                               };
-                           }
+           var i, j;
+           var extent;
+           var n1, n2, nA, nB, nAId, nBId;
+           var segment1, segment2;
+           var oneOnly;
+           var segmentInfos, segment2Info, way2, taggedFeature2, way2FeatureType;
+           var way1Nodes = graph.childNodes(way1);
+           var comparedWays = {};
 
-                           return [
-                               new validationIssueFix({
-                                   icon: 'iD-operation-extract',
-                                   title: _t('issues.fix.extract_point.title'),
-                                   onClick: extractOnClick
-                               })
-                           ];
-                       }
-                   });
-               }
+           for (i = 0; i < way1Nodes.length - 1; i++) {
+             n1 = way1Nodes[i];
+             n2 = way1Nodes[i + 1];
+             extent = geoExtent([[Math.min(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]), Math.min(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])], [Math.max(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]), Math.max(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])]]); // Optimize by only checking overlapping segments, not every segment
+             // of overlapping ways
 
-               return null;
-           }
+             segmentInfos = tree.waySegments(extent, graph);
 
-           function unclosedMultipolygonPartIssues(entity, graph) {
+             for (j = 0; j < segmentInfos.length; j++) {
+               segment2Info = segmentInfos[j]; // don't check for self-intersection in this validation
 
-               if (entity.type !== 'relation' ||
-                   !entity.isMultipolygon() ||
-                   entity.isDegenerate() ||
-                   // cannot determine issues for incompletely-downloaded relations
-                   !entity.isComplete(graph)) return null;
+               if (segment2Info.wayId === way1.id) continue; // skip if this way was already checked and only one issue is needed
 
-               var sequences = osmJoinWays(entity.members, graph);
+               if (checkedSingleCrossingWays[segment2Info.wayId]) continue; // mark this way as checked even if there are no crossings
 
-               var issues = [];
+               comparedWays[segment2Info.wayId] = true;
+               way2 = graph.hasEntity(segment2Info.wayId);
+               if (!way2) continue;
+               taggedFeature2 = getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(way2, graph); // only check crossing highway, waterway, building, and railway
 
-               for (var i in sequences) {
-                   var sequence = sequences[i];
+               way2FeatureType = getFeatureType(taggedFeature2, graph);
 
-                   if (!sequence.nodes) continue;
+               if (way2FeatureType === null || isLegitCrossing(taggedFeature1.tags, way1FeatureType, taggedFeature2.tags, way2FeatureType)) {
+                 continue;
+               } // create only one issue for building crossings
 
-                   var firstNode = sequence.nodes[0];
-                   var lastNode = sequence.nodes[sequence.nodes.length - 1];
 
-                   // part is closed if the first and last nodes are the same
-                   if (firstNode === lastNode) continue;
+               oneOnly = way1FeatureType === 'building' || way2FeatureType === 'building';
+               nAId = segment2Info.nodes[0];
+               nBId = segment2Info.nodes[1];
 
-                   var issue = new validationIssue({
-                       type: type,
-                       subtype: 'unclosed_multipolygon_part',
-                       severity: 'warning',
-                       message: function(context) {
-                           var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                           return entity ? _t('issues.unclosed_multipolygon_part.message', {
-                               feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
-                           }) : '';
-                       },
-                       reference: showReference,
-                       loc: sequence.nodes[0].loc,
-                       entityIds: [entity.id],
-                       hash: sequence.map(function(way) {
-                           return way.id;
-                       }).join()
-                   });
-                   issues.push(issue);
+               if (nAId === n1.id || nAId === n2.id || nBId === n1.id || nBId === n2.id) {
+                 // n1 or n2 is a connection node; skip
+                 continue;
                }
 
-               return issues;
+               nA = graph.hasEntity(nAId);
+               if (!nA) continue;
+               nB = graph.hasEntity(nBId);
+               if (!nB) continue;
+               segment1 = [n1.loc, n2.loc];
+               segment2 = [nA.loc, nB.loc];
+               var point = geoLineIntersection(segment1, segment2);
+
+               if (point) {
+                 edgeCrossInfos.push({
+                   wayInfos: [{
+                     way: way1,
+                     featureType: way1FeatureType,
+                     edge: [n1.id, n2.id]
+                   }, {
+                     way: way2,
+                     featureType: way2FeatureType,
+                     edge: [nA.id, nB.id]
+                   }],
+                   crossPoint: point
+                 });
 
-               function showReference(selection) {
-                   selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                       .data([0])
-                       .enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                       .text(_t('issues.unclosed_multipolygon_part.reference'));
+                 if (oneOnly) {
+                   checkedSingleCrossingWays[way2.id] = true;
+                   break;
+                 }
                }
+             }
            }
 
-           var validation = function checkMismatchedGeometry(entity, graph) {
-               var issues = [
-                   vertexTaggedAsPointIssue(entity, graph),
-                   lineTaggedAsAreaIssue(entity)
-               ];
-               issues = issues.concat(unclosedMultipolygonPartIssues(entity, graph));
-               return issues.filter(Boolean);
-           };
-
-           validation.type = type;
-
-           return validation;
-       }
-
-       function validationMissingRole() {
-           var type = 'missing_role';
-
-           var validation = function checkMissingRole(entity, graph) {
-               var issues = [];
-               if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                   graph.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function(relation) {
-                       if (!relation.isMultipolygon()) return;
+           return edgeCrossInfos;
+         }
 
-                       var member = relation.memberById(entity.id);
-                       if (member && isMissingRole(member)) {
-                           issues.push(makeIssue(entity, relation, member));
-                       }
-                   });
-               } else if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
-                   entity.indexedMembers().forEach(function(member) {
-                       var way = graph.hasEntity(member.id);
-                       if (way && isMissingRole(member)) {
-                           issues.push(makeIssue(way, entity, member));
-                       }
-                   });
-               }
+         function waysToCheck(entity, graph) {
+           var featureType = getFeatureType(entity, graph);
+           if (!featureType) return [];
 
-               return issues;
-           };
+           if (entity.type === 'way') {
+             return [entity];
+           } else if (entity.type === 'relation') {
+             return entity.members.reduce(function (array, member) {
+               if (member.type === 'way' && ( // only look at geometry ways
+               !member.role || member.role === 'outer' || member.role === 'inner')) {
+                 var entity = graph.hasEntity(member.id); // don't add duplicates
 
+                 if (entity && array.indexOf(entity) === -1) {
+                   array.push(entity);
+                 }
+               }
 
-           function isMissingRole(member) {
-               return !member.role || !member.role.trim().length;
+               return array;
+             }, []);
            }
 
+           return [];
+         }
 
-           function makeIssue(way, relation, member) {
-               return new validationIssue({
-                   type: type,
-                   severity: 'warning',
-                   message: function(context) {
-                       var member = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]),
-                           relation = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                       return (member && relation) ? _t('issues.missing_role.message', {
-                           member: utilDisplayLabel(member, context.graph()),
-                           relation: utilDisplayLabel(relation, context.graph())
-                       }) : '';
-                   },
-                   reference: showReference,
-                   entityIds: [relation.id, way.id],
-                   data: {
-                       member: member
-                   },
-                   hash: member.index.toString(),
-                   dynamicFixes: function() {
-                       return [
-                           makeAddRoleFix('inner'),
-                           makeAddRoleFix('outer'),
-                           new validationIssueFix({
-                               icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
-                               title: _t('issues.fix.remove_from_relation.title'),
-                               onClick: function(context) {
-                                   context.perform(
-                                       actionDeleteMember(this.issue.entityIds[0], this.issue.data.member.index),
-                                       _t('operations.delete_member.annotation')
-                                   );
-                               }
-                           })
-                       ];
-                   }
-               });
-
+         var validation = function checkCrossingWays(entity, graph) {
+           var tree = context.history().tree();
+           var ways = waysToCheck(entity, graph);
+           var issues = []; // declare these here to reduce garbage collection
 
-               function showReference(selection) {
-                   selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                       .data([0])
-                       .enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                       .text(_t('issues.missing_role.multipolygon.reference'));
-               }
-           }
+           var wayIndex, crossingIndex, crossings;
 
+           for (wayIndex in ways) {
+             crossings = findCrossingsByWay(ways[wayIndex], graph, tree);
 
-           function makeAddRoleFix(role) {
-               return new validationIssueFix({
-                   title: _t('issues.fix.set_as_' + role + '.title'),
-                   onClick: function(context) {
-                       var oldMember = this.issue.data.member;
-                       var member = { id: this.issue.entityIds[1], type: oldMember.type, role: role };
-                       context.perform(
-                           actionChangeMember(this.issue.entityIds[0], member, oldMember.index),
-                           _t('operations.change_role.annotation')
-                       );
-                   }
-               });
+             for (crossingIndex in crossings) {
+               issues.push(createIssue(crossings[crossingIndex], graph));
+             }
            }
 
-           validation.type = type;
-
-           return validation;
-       }
+           return issues;
+         };
 
-       function validationMissingTag(context) {
-           var type = 'missing_tag';
+         function createIssue(crossing, graph) {
+           // use the entities with the tags that define the feature type
+           crossing.wayInfos.sort(function (way1Info, way2Info) {
+             var type1 = way1Info.featureType;
+             var type2 = way2Info.featureType;
 
-           function hasDescriptiveTags(entity, graph) {
-               var keys = Object.keys(entity.tags)
-                   .filter(function(k) {
-                       if (k === 'area' || k === 'name') {
-                           return false;
-                       } else {
-                           return osmIsInterestingTag(k);
-                       }
-                   });
+             if (type1 === type2) {
+               return utilDisplayLabel(way1Info.way, graph) > utilDisplayLabel(way2Info.way, graph);
+             } else if (type1 === 'waterway') {
+               return true;
+             } else if (type2 === 'waterway') {
+               return false;
+             }
 
-               if (entity.type === 'relation' &&
-                   keys.length === 1 &&
-                   entity.tags.type === 'multipolygon') {
-                   // this relation's only interesting tag just says its a multipolygon,
-                   // which is not descriptive enough
+             return type1 < type2;
+           });
+           var entities = crossing.wayInfos.map(function (wayInfo) {
+             return getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(wayInfo.way, graph);
+           });
+           var edges = [crossing.wayInfos[0].edge, crossing.wayInfos[1].edge];
+           var featureTypes = [crossing.wayInfos[0].featureType, crossing.wayInfos[1].featureType];
+           var connectionTags = tagsForConnectionNodeIfAllowed(entities[0], entities[1], graph);
+           var featureType1 = crossing.wayInfos[0].featureType;
+           var featureType2 = crossing.wayInfos[1].featureType;
+           var isCrossingIndoors = taggedAsIndoor(entities[0].tags) && taggedAsIndoor(entities[1].tags);
+           var isCrossingTunnels = allowsTunnel(featureType1) && hasTag(entities[0].tags, 'tunnel') && allowsTunnel(featureType2) && hasTag(entities[1].tags, 'tunnel');
+           var isCrossingBridges = allowsBridge(featureType1) && hasTag(entities[0].tags, 'bridge') && allowsBridge(featureType2) && hasTag(entities[1].tags, 'bridge');
+           var subtype = [featureType1, featureType2].sort().join('-');
+           var crossingTypeID = subtype;
+
+           if (isCrossingIndoors) {
+             crossingTypeID = 'indoor-indoor';
+           } else if (isCrossingTunnels) {
+             crossingTypeID = 'tunnel-tunnel';
+           } else if (isCrossingBridges) {
+             crossingTypeID = 'bridge-bridge';
+           }
+
+           if (connectionTags && (isCrossingIndoors || isCrossingTunnels || isCrossingBridges)) {
+             crossingTypeID += '_connectable';
+           } // Differentiate based on the loc rounded to 4 digits, since two ways can cross multiple times.
+
+
+           var uniqueID = crossing.crossPoint[0].toFixed(4) + ',' + crossing.crossPoint[1].toFixed(4);
+           return new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: subtype,
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var graph = context.graph();
+               var entity1 = graph.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]),
+                   entity2 = graph.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]);
+               return entity1 && entity2 ? _t.html('issues.crossing_ways.message', {
+                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity1, graph),
+                 feature2: utilDisplayLabel(entity2, graph)
+               }) : '';
+             },
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: entities.map(function (entity) {
+               return entity.id;
+             }),
+             data: {
+               edges: edges,
+               featureTypes: featureTypes,
+               connectionTags: connectionTags
+             },
+             hash: uniqueID,
+             loc: crossing.crossPoint,
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes(context) {
+               var mode = context.mode();
+               if (!mode || mode.id !== 'select' || mode.selectedIDs().length !== 1) return [];
+               var selectedIndex = this.entityIds[0] === mode.selectedIDs()[0] ? 0 : 1;
+               var selectedFeatureType = this.data.featureTypes[selectedIndex];
+               var otherFeatureType = this.data.featureTypes[selectedIndex === 0 ? 1 : 0];
+               var fixes = [];
 
-                   // It's okay for a simple multipolygon to have no descriptive tags
-                   // if its outer way has them (old model, see `outdated_tags.js`)
-                   return osmOldMultipolygonOuterMemberOfRelation(entity, graph);
+               if (connectionTags) {
+                 fixes.push(makeConnectWaysFix(this.data.connectionTags));
                }
 
-               return keys.length > 0;
-           }
+               if (isCrossingIndoors) {
+                 fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                   icon: 'iD-icon-layers',
+                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.use_different_levels.title')
+                 }));
+               } else if (isCrossingTunnels || isCrossingBridges || featureType1 === 'building' || featureType2 === 'building') {
+                 fixes.push(makeChangeLayerFix('higher'));
+                 fixes.push(makeChangeLayerFix('lower')); // can only add bridge/tunnel if both features are lines
+               } else if (context.graph().geometry(this.entityIds[0]) === 'line' && context.graph().geometry(this.entityIds[1]) === 'line') {
+                 // don't recommend adding bridges to waterways since they're uncommon
+                 if (allowsBridge(selectedFeatureType) && selectedFeatureType !== 'waterway') {
+                   fixes.push(makeAddBridgeOrTunnelFix('add_a_bridge', 'temaki-bridge', 'bridge'));
+                 } // don't recommend adding tunnels under waterways since they're uncommon
 
-           function isUnknownRoad(entity) {
-               return entity.type === 'way' && entity.tags.highway === 'road';
-           }
 
-           function isUntypedRelation(entity) {
-               return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.tags.type;
-           }
+                 var skipTunnelFix = otherFeatureType === 'waterway' && selectedFeatureType !== 'waterway';
 
-           var validation = function checkMissingTag(entity, graph) {
+                 if (allowsTunnel(selectedFeatureType) && !skipTunnelFix) {
+                   fixes.push(makeAddBridgeOrTunnelFix('add_a_tunnel', 'temaki-tunnel', 'tunnel'));
+                 }
+               } // repositioning the features is always an option
 
-               var subtype;
 
-               var osm = context.connection();
-               var isUnloadedNode = entity.type === 'node' && osm && !osm.isDataLoaded(entity.loc);
+               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-move',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.reposition_features.title')
+               }));
+               return fixes;
+             }
+           });
 
-               // we can't know if the node is a vertex if the tile is undownloaded
-               if (!isUnloadedNode &&
-                   // allow untagged nodes that are part of ways
-                   entity.geometry(graph) !== 'vertex' &&
-                   // allow untagged entities that are part of relations
-                   !entity.hasParentRelations(graph)) {
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.crossing_ways.' + crossingTypeID + '.reference'));
+           }
+         }
 
-                   if (Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0) {
-                       subtype = 'any';
-                   } else if (!hasDescriptiveTags(entity, graph)) {
-                       subtype = 'descriptive';
-                   } else if (isUntypedRelation(entity)) {
-                       subtype = 'relation_type';
-                   }
+         function makeAddBridgeOrTunnelFix(fixTitleID, iconName, bridgeOrTunnel) {
+           return new validationIssueFix({
+             icon: iconName,
+             title: _t.html('issues.fix.' + fixTitleID + '.title'),
+             onClick: function onClick(context) {
+               var mode = context.mode();
+               if (!mode || mode.id !== 'select') return;
+               var selectedIDs = mode.selectedIDs();
+               if (selectedIDs.length !== 1) return;
+               var selectedWayID = selectedIDs[0];
+               if (!context.hasEntity(selectedWayID)) return;
+               var resultWayIDs = [selectedWayID];
+               var edge, crossedEdge, crossedWayID;
+
+               if (this.issue.entityIds[0] === selectedWayID) {
+                 edge = this.issue.data.edges[0];
+                 crossedEdge = this.issue.data.edges[1];
+                 crossedWayID = this.issue.entityIds[1];
+               } else {
+                 edge = this.issue.data.edges[1];
+                 crossedEdge = this.issue.data.edges[0];
+                 crossedWayID = this.issue.entityIds[0];
                }
 
-               // flag an unknown road even if it's a member of a relation
-               if (!subtype && isUnknownRoad(entity)) {
-                   subtype = 'highway_classification';
-               }
+               var crossingLoc = this.issue.loc;
+               var projection = context.projection;
 
-               if (!subtype) return [];
+               var action = function actionAddStructure(graph) {
+                 var edgeNodes = [graph.entity(edge[0]), graph.entity(edge[1])];
+                 var crossedWay = graph.hasEntity(crossedWayID); // use the explicit width of the crossed feature as the structure length, if available
 
-               var messageID = subtype === 'highway_classification' ? 'unknown_road' : 'missing_tag.' + subtype;
-               var referenceID = subtype === 'highway_classification' ? 'unknown_road' : 'missing_tag';
+                 var structLengthMeters = crossedWay && crossedWay.tags.width && parseFloat(crossedWay.tags.width);
 
-               // can always delete if the user created it in the first place..
-               var canDelete = (entity.version === undefined || entity.v !== undefined);
-               var severity = (canDelete && subtype !== 'highway_classification') ? 'error' : 'warning';
+                 if (!structLengthMeters) {
+                   // if no explicit width is set, approximate the width based on the tags
+                   structLengthMeters = crossedWay && crossedWay.impliedLineWidthMeters();
+                 }
 
-               return [new validationIssue({
-                   type: type,
-                   subtype: subtype,
-                   severity: severity,
-                   message: function(context) {
-                       var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                       return entity ? _t('issues.' + messageID + '.message', {
-                           feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
-                       }) : '';
-                   },
-                   reference: showReference,
-                   entityIds: [entity.id],
-                   dynamicFixes: function(context) {
+                 if (structLengthMeters) {
+                   if (getFeatureType(crossedWay, graph) === 'railway') {
+                     // bridges over railways are generally much longer than the rail bed itself, compensate
+                     structLengthMeters *= 2;
+                   }
+                 } else {
+                   // should ideally never land here since all rail/water/road tags should have an implied width
+                   structLengthMeters = 8;
+                 }
 
-                       var fixes = [];
+                 var a1 = geoAngle(edgeNodes[0], edgeNodes[1], projection) + Math.PI;
+                 var a2 = geoAngle(graph.entity(crossedEdge[0]), graph.entity(crossedEdge[1]), projection) + Math.PI;
+                 var crossingAngle = Math.max(a1, a2) - Math.min(a1, a2);
+                 if (crossingAngle > Math.PI) crossingAngle -= Math.PI; // lengthen the structure to account for the angle of the crossing
 
-                       var selectFixType = subtype === 'highway_classification' ? 'select_road_type' : 'select_preset';
+                 structLengthMeters = structLengthMeters / 2 / Math.sin(crossingAngle) * 2; // add padding since the structure must extend past the edges of the crossed feature
 
-                       fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
-                           icon: 'iD-icon-search',
-                           title: _t('issues.fix.' + selectFixType + '.title'),
-                           onClick: function(context) {
-                               context.ui().sidebar.showPresetList();
-                           }
-                       }));
+                 structLengthMeters += 4; // clamp the length to a reasonable range
 
-                       var deleteOnClick;
-
-                       var id = this.entityIds[0];
-                       var operation = operationDelete(context, [id]);
-                       var disabledReasonID = operation.disabled();
-                       if (!disabledReasonID) {
-                           deleteOnClick = function(context) {
-                               var id = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                               var operation = operationDelete(context, [id]);
-                               if (!operation.disabled()) {
-                                   operation();
-                               }
-                           };
-                       }
+                 structLengthMeters = Math.min(Math.max(structLengthMeters, 4), 50);
 
-                       fixes.push(
-                           new validationIssueFix({
-                               icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
-                               title: _t('issues.fix.delete_feature.title'),
-                               disabledReason: disabledReasonID ? _t('operations.delete.' + disabledReasonID + '.single') : undefined,
-                               onClick: deleteOnClick
-                           })
-                       );
+                 function geomToProj(geoPoint) {
+                   return [geoLonToMeters(geoPoint[0], geoPoint[1]), geoLatToMeters(geoPoint[1])];
+                 }
 
-                       return fixes;
-                   }
-               })];
+                 function projToGeom(projPoint) {
+                   var lat = geoMetersToLat(projPoint[1]);
+                   return [geoMetersToLon(projPoint[0], lat), lat];
+                 }
 
-               function showReference(selection) {
-                   selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                       .data([0])
-                       .enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                       .text(_t('issues.' + referenceID + '.reference'));
-               }
-           };
+                 var projEdgeNode1 = geomToProj(edgeNodes[0].loc);
+                 var projEdgeNode2 = geomToProj(edgeNodes[1].loc);
+                 var projectedAngle = geoVecAngle(projEdgeNode1, projEdgeNode2);
+                 var projectedCrossingLoc = geomToProj(crossingLoc);
+                 var linearToSphericalMetersRatio = geoVecLength(projEdgeNode1, projEdgeNode2) / geoSphericalDistance(edgeNodes[0].loc, edgeNodes[1].loc);
 
-           validation.type = type;
+                 function locSphericalDistanceFromCrossingLoc(angle, distanceMeters) {
+                   var lengthSphericalMeters = distanceMeters * linearToSphericalMetersRatio;
+                   return projToGeom([projectedCrossingLoc[0] + Math.cos(angle) * lengthSphericalMeters, projectedCrossingLoc[1] + Math.sin(angle) * lengthSphericalMeters]);
+                 }
 
-           return validation;
-       }
+                 var endpointLocGetter1 = function endpointLocGetter1(lengthMeters) {
+                   return locSphericalDistanceFromCrossingLoc(projectedAngle, lengthMeters);
+                 };
 
-       // remove spaces, punctuation, diacritics
-       var simplify = (str) => {
-         return diacritics.remove(
-           str
-             .replace(/&/g, 'and')
-             .replace(/[\s\-=_!"#%'*{},.\/:;?\(\)\[\]@\\$\^*+<>~`’\u00a1\u00a7\u00b6\u00b7\u00bf\u037e\u0387\u055a-\u055f\u0589\u05c0\u05c3\u05c6\u05f3\u05f4\u0609\u060a\u060c\u060d\u061b\u061e\u061f\u066a-\u066d\u06d4\u0700-\u070d\u07f7-\u07f9\u0830-\u083e\u085e\u0964\u0965\u0970\u0af0\u0df4\u0e4f\u0e5a\u0e5b\u0f04-\u0f12\u0f14\u0f85\u0fd0-\u0fd4\u0fd9\u0fda\u104a-\u104f\u10fb\u1360-\u1368\u166d\u166e\u16eb-\u16ed\u1735\u1736\u17d4-\u17d6\u17d8-\u17da\u1800-\u1805\u1807-\u180a\u1944\u1945\u1a1e\u1a1f\u1aa0-\u1aa6\u1aa8-\u1aad\u1b5a-\u1b60\u1bfc-\u1bff\u1c3b-\u1c3f\u1c7e\u1c7f\u1cc0-\u1cc7\u1cd3\u2016\u2017\u2020-\u2027\u2030-\u2038\u203b-\u203e\u2041-\u2043\u2047-\u2051\u2053\u2055-\u205e\u2cf9-\u2cfc\u2cfe\u2cff\u2d70\u2e00\u2e01\u2e06-\u2e08\u2e0b\u2e0e-\u2e16\u2e18\u2e19\u2e1b\u2e1e\u2e1f\u2e2a-\u2e2e\u2e30-\u2e39\u3001-\u3003\u303d\u30fb\ua4fe\ua4ff\ua60d-\ua60f\ua673\ua67e\ua6f2-\ua6f7\ua874-\ua877\ua8ce\ua8cf\ua8f8-\ua8fa\ua92e\ua92f\ua95f\ua9c1-\ua9cd\ua9de\ua9df\uaa5c-\uaa5f\uaade\uaadf\uaaf0\uaaf1\uabeb\ufe10-\ufe16\ufe19\ufe30\ufe45\ufe46\ufe49-\ufe4c\ufe50-\ufe52\ufe54-\ufe57\ufe5f-\ufe61\ufe68\ufe6a\ufe6b\uff01-\uff03\uff05-\uff07\uff0a\uff0c\uff0e\uff0f\uff1a\uff1b\uff1f\uff20\uff3c\uff61\uff64\uff65]+/g,'')
-             .toLowerCase()
-         );
-       };
+                 var endpointLocGetter2 = function endpointLocGetter2(lengthMeters) {
+                   return locSphericalDistanceFromCrossingLoc(projectedAngle + Math.PI, lengthMeters);
+                 }; // avoid creating very short edges from splitting too close to another node
 
-       // toParts - split a name-suggestion-index key into parts
-       // {
-       //   kvnd:        "amenity/fast_food|Thaï Express~(North America)",
-       //   kvn:         "amenity/fast_food|Thaï Express",
-       //   kv:          "amenity/fast_food",
-       //   k:           "amenity",
-       //   v:           "fast_food",
-       //   n:           "Thaï Express",
-       //   d:           "(North America)",
-       //   nsimple:     "thaiexpress",
-       //   kvnnsimple:  "amenity/fast_food|thaiexpress"
-       // }
-       var to_parts = (kvnd) => {
-         const parts = {};
-         parts.kvnd = kvnd;
 
-         const kvndparts = kvnd.split('~', 2);
-         if (kvndparts.length > 1) parts.d = kvndparts[1];
+                 var minEdgeLengthMeters = 0.55; // decide where to bound the structure along the way, splitting as necessary
 
-         parts.kvn = kvndparts[0];
-         const kvnparts = parts.kvn.split('|', 2);
-         if (kvnparts.length > 1) parts.n = kvnparts[1];
+                 function determineEndpoint(edge, endNode, locGetter) {
+                   var newNode;
+                   var idealLengthMeters = structLengthMeters / 2; // distance between the crossing location and the end of the edge,
+                   // the maximum length of this side of the structure
 
-         parts.kv = kvnparts[0];
-         const kvparts = parts.kv.split('/', 2);
-         parts.k = kvparts[0];
-         parts.v = kvparts[1];
+                   var crossingToEdgeEndDistance = geoSphericalDistance(crossingLoc, endNode.loc);
 
-         parts.nsimple = simplify(parts.n);
-         parts.kvnsimple = parts.kv + '|' + parts.nsimple;
-         return parts;
-       };
+                   if (crossingToEdgeEndDistance - idealLengthMeters > minEdgeLengthMeters) {
+                     // the edge is long enough to insert a new node
+                     // the loc that would result in the full expected length
+                     var idealNodeLoc = locGetter(idealLengthMeters);
+                     newNode = osmNode();
+                     graph = actionAddMidpoint({
+                       loc: idealNodeLoc,
+                       edge: edge
+                     }, newNode)(graph);
+                   } else {
+                     var edgeCount = 0;
+                     endNode.parentIntersectionWays(graph).forEach(function (way) {
+                       way.nodes.forEach(function (nodeID) {
+                         if (nodeID === endNode.id) {
+                           if (endNode.id === way.first() && endNode.id !== way.last() || endNode.id === way.last() && endNode.id !== way.first()) {
+                             edgeCount += 1;
+                           } else {
+                             edgeCount += 2;
+                           }
+                         }
+                       });
+                     });
 
-       var matchGroups = {adult_gaming_centre:["amenity/casino","amenity/gambling","leisure/adult_gaming_centre"],beauty:["shop/beauty","shop/hairdresser_supply"],bed:["shop/bed","shop/furniture"],beverages:["shop/alcohol","shop/beverages"],camping:["leisure/park","tourism/camp_site","tourism/caravan_site"],car_parts:["shop/car_parts","shop/car_repair","shop/tires","shop/tyres"],confectionery:["shop/candy","shop/chocolate","shop/confectionery"],convenience:["shop/beauty","shop/chemist","shop/convenience","shop/cosmetics","shop/newsagent"],coworking:["amenity/coworking_space","office/coworking","office/coworking_space"],electronics:["office/telecommunication","shop/computer","shop/electronics","shop/hifi","shop/mobile","shop/mobile_phone","shop/telecommunication"],fashion:["shop/accessories","shop/bag","shop/botique","shop/clothes","shop/department_store","shop/fashion","shop/fashion_accessories","shop/sports","shop/shoes"],financial:["amenity/bank","office/accountant","office/financial","office/financial_advisor","office/tax_advisor","shop/tax"],fitness:["leisure/fitness_centre","leisure/fitness_center","leisure/sports_centre","leisure/sports_center"],food:["amenity/cafe","amenity/fast_food","amenity/ice_cream","amenity/restaurant","shop/bakery","shop/ice_cream","shop/pastry","shop/tea","shop/coffee"],fuel:["amenity/fuel","shop/gas","shop/convenience;gas","shop/gas;convenience"],gift:["shop/gift","shop/card","shop/cards","shop/stationery"],hardware:["shop/carpet","shop/diy","shop/doityourself","shop/doors","shop/electrical","shop/flooring","shop/hardware","shop/power_tools","shop/tool_hire","shop/tools","shop/trade"],health_food:["shop/health","shop/health_food","shop/herbalist","shop/nutrition_supplements"],houseware:["shop/houseware","shop/interior_decoration"],lodging:["tourism/hotel","tourism/motel"],money_transfer:["amenity/money_transfer","shop/money_transfer"],outdoor:["shop/outdoor","shop/sports"],rental:["amenity/bicycle_rental","amenity/boat_rental","amenity/car_rental","amenity/truck_rental","amenity/vehicle_rental","shop/rental"],school:["amenity/childcare","amenity/college","amenity/kindergarten","amenity/language_school","amenity/prep_school","amenity/school","amenity/university"],supermarket:["shop/food","shop/frozen_food","shop/greengrocer","shop/grocery","shop/supermarket","shop/wholesale"],variety_store:["shop/variety_store","shop/supermarket","shop/discount","shop/convenience"],vending:["amenity/vending_machine","shop/vending_machine"],wholesale:["shop/wholesale","shop/supermarket","shop/department_store"]};
-       var match_groups = {
-       matchGroups: matchGroups
-       };
+                     if (edgeCount >= 3) {
+                       // the end node is a junction, try to leave a segment
+                       // between it and the structure - #7202
+                       var insetLength = crossingToEdgeEndDistance - minEdgeLengthMeters;
+
+                       if (insetLength > minEdgeLengthMeters) {
+                         var insetNodeLoc = locGetter(insetLength);
+                         newNode = osmNode();
+                         graph = actionAddMidpoint({
+                           loc: insetNodeLoc,
+                           edge: edge
+                         }, newNode)(graph);
+                       }
+                     }
+                   } // if the edge is too short to subdivide as desired, then
+                   // just bound the structure at the existing end node
 
-       var match_groups$1 = /*#__PURE__*/Object.freeze({
-               __proto__: null,
-               matchGroups: matchGroups,
-               'default': match_groups
-       });
 
-       var require$$0 = getCjsExportFromNamespace(match_groups$1);
+                   if (!newNode) newNode = endNode;
+                   var splitAction = actionSplit([newNode.id]).limitWays(resultWayIDs); // only split selected or created ways
+                   // do the split
 
-       const matchGroups$1 = require$$0.matchGroups;
+                   graph = splitAction(graph);
 
+                   if (splitAction.getCreatedWayIDs().length) {
+                     resultWayIDs.push(splitAction.getCreatedWayIDs()[0]);
+                   }
 
-       var matcher$1 = () => {
-         let _warnings = [];  // array of match conflict pairs
-         let _ambiguous = {};
-         let _matchIndex = {};
-         let matcher = {};
+                   return newNode;
+                 }
 
+                 var structEndNode1 = determineEndpoint(edge, edgeNodes[1], endpointLocGetter1);
+                 var structEndNode2 = determineEndpoint([edgeNodes[0].id, structEndNode1.id], edgeNodes[0], endpointLocGetter2);
+                 var structureWay = resultWayIDs.map(function (id) {
+                   return graph.entity(id);
+                 }).find(function (way) {
+                   return way.nodes.indexOf(structEndNode1.id) !== -1 && way.nodes.indexOf(structEndNode2.id) !== -1;
+                 });
+                 var tags = Object.assign({}, structureWay.tags); // copy tags
 
-         // Create an index of all the keys/simplenames for fast matching
-         matcher.buildMatchIndex = (brands) => {
-           // two passes - once for primary names, once for secondary/alternate names
-           Object.keys(brands).forEach(kvnd => insertNames(kvnd, 'primary'));
-           Object.keys(brands).forEach(kvnd => insertNames(kvnd, 'secondary'));
+                 if (bridgeOrTunnel === 'bridge') {
+                   tags.bridge = 'yes';
+                   tags.layer = '1';
+                 } else {
+                   var tunnelValue = 'yes';
 
+                   if (getFeatureType(structureWay, graph) === 'waterway') {
+                     // use `tunnel=culvert` for waterways by default
+                     tunnelValue = 'culvert';
+                   }
 
-           function insertNames(kvnd, which) {
-             const obj = brands[kvnd];
-             const parts = to_parts(kvnd);
+                   tags.tunnel = tunnelValue;
+                   tags.layer = '-1';
+                 } // apply the structure tags to the way
 
-             // Exit early for ambiguous names in the second pass.
-             // They were collected in the first pass and we don't gather alt names for them.
-             if (which === 'secondary' && parts.d) return;
 
+                 graph = actionChangeTags(structureWay.id, tags)(graph);
+                 return graph;
+               };
 
-             if (obj.countryCodes) {
-               parts.countryCodes = obj.countryCodes.slice();  // copy
+               context.perform(action, _t('issues.fix.' + fixTitleID + '.annotation'));
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, resultWayIDs));
              }
+           });
+         }
 
-             const nomatches = (obj.nomatch || []);
-             if (nomatches.some(s => s === kvnd)) {
-               console.log(`WARNING match/nomatch conflict for ${kvnd}`);
-               return;
-             }
+         function makeConnectWaysFix(connectionTags) {
+           var fixTitleID = 'connect_features';
+
+           if (connectionTags.ford) {
+             fixTitleID = 'connect_using_ford';
+           }
 
-             const match_kv = [parts.kv]
-               .concat(obj.matchTags || [])
-               .concat([`${parts.k}/yes`, `building/yes`])   // #3454 - match some generic tags
-               .map(s => s.toLowerCase());
+           return new validationIssueFix({
+             icon: 'iD-icon-crossing',
+             title: _t.html('issues.fix.' + fixTitleID + '.title'),
+             onClick: function onClick(context) {
+               var loc = this.issue.loc;
+               var connectionTags = this.issue.data.connectionTags;
+               var edges = this.issue.data.edges;
+               context.perform(function actionConnectCrossingWays(graph) {
+                 // create the new node for the points
+                 var node = osmNode({
+                   loc: loc,
+                   tags: connectionTags
+                 });
+                 graph = graph.replace(node);
+                 var nodesToMerge = [node.id];
+                 var mergeThresholdInMeters = 0.75;
+                 edges.forEach(function (edge) {
+                   var edgeNodes = [graph.entity(edge[0]), graph.entity(edge[1])];
+                   var nearby = geoSphericalClosestNode(edgeNodes, loc); // if there is already a suitable node nearby, use that
+                   // use the node if node has no interesting tags or if it is a crossing node #8326
+
+                   if ((!nearby.node.hasInterestingTags() || nearby.node.isCrossing()) && nearby.distance < mergeThresholdInMeters) {
+                     nodesToMerge.push(nearby.node.id); // else add the new node to the way
+                   } else {
+                     graph = actionAddMidpoint({
+                       loc: loc,
+                       edge: edge
+                     }, node)(graph);
+                   }
+                 });
 
-             let match_nsimple = [];
-             if (which === 'primary') {
-               match_nsimple = [parts.n]
-                 .concat(obj.matchNames || [])
-                 .concat(obj.tags.official_name || [])   // #2732 - match alternate names
-                 .map(simplify);
+                 if (nodesToMerge.length > 1) {
+                   // if we're using nearby nodes, merge them with the new node
+                   graph = actionMergeNodes(nodesToMerge, loc)(graph);
+                 }
 
-             } else if (which === 'secondary') {
-               match_nsimple = []
-                 .concat(obj.tags.alt_name || [])        // #2732 - match alternate names
-                 .concat(obj.tags.short_name || [])      // #2732 - match alternate names
-                 .map(simplify);
+                 return graph;
+               }, _t('issues.fix.connect_crossing_features.annotation'));
              }
+           });
+         }
 
-             if (!match_nsimple.length) return;  // nothing to do
+         function makeChangeLayerFix(higherOrLower) {
+           return new validationIssueFix({
+             icon: 'iD-icon-' + (higherOrLower === 'higher' ? 'up' : 'down'),
+             title: _t.html('issues.fix.tag_this_as_' + higherOrLower + '.title'),
+             onClick: function onClick(context) {
+               var mode = context.mode();
+               if (!mode || mode.id !== 'select') return;
+               var selectedIDs = mode.selectedIDs();
+               if (selectedIDs.length !== 1) return;
+               var selectedID = selectedIDs[0];
+               if (!this.issue.entityIds.some(function (entityId) {
+                 return entityId === selectedID;
+               })) return;
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(selectedID);
+               if (!entity) return;
+               var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-             match_kv.forEach(kv => {
-               match_nsimple.forEach(nsimple => {
-                 if (parts.d) {
-                   // Known ambiguous names with disambiguation string ~(USA) / ~(Canada)
-                   // FIXME: Name collisions will overwrite the initial entry (ok for now)
-                   if (!_ambiguous[kv]) _ambiguous[kv] = {};
-                   _ambiguous[kv][nsimple] = parts;
+               var layer = tags.layer && Number(tags.layer);
 
+               if (layer && !isNaN(layer)) {
+                 if (higherOrLower === 'higher') {
+                   layer += 1;
                  } else {
-                   // Names we mostly expect to be unique..
-                   if (!_matchIndex[kv]) _matchIndex[kv] = {};
-
-                   const m = _matchIndex[kv][nsimple];
-                   if (m) {  // There already is a match for this name, skip it
-                     // Warn if we detect collisions in a primary name.
-                     // Skip warning if a secondary name or a generic `*=yes` tag - #2972 / #3454
-                     if (which === 'primary' && !/\/yes$/.test(kv)) {
-                       _warnings.push([m.kvnd, `${kvnd} (${kv}/${nsimple})`]);
-                     }
-                   } else {
-                     _matchIndex[kv][nsimple] = parts;   // insert
-                   }
+                   layer -= 1;
                  }
-               });
-             });
+               } else {
+                 if (higherOrLower === 'higher') {
+                   layer = 1;
+                 } else {
+                   layer = -1;
+                 }
+               }
 
-           }
-         };
+               tags.layer = layer.toString();
+               context.perform(actionChangeTags(entity.id, tags), _t('operations.change_tags.annotation'));
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
-         // pass a `key`, `value`, `name` and return the best match,
-         // `countryCode` optional (if supplied, must match that too)
-         matcher.matchKVN = (key, value, name, countryCode) => {
-           return matcher.matchParts(to_parts(`${key}/${value}|${name}`), countryCode);
-         };
+       function behaviorDrawWay(context, wayID, mode, startGraph) {
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('drawWay');
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('rejectedSelfIntersection');
+         var behavior = behaviorDraw(context); // Must be set by `drawWay.nodeIndex` before each install of this behavior.
 
+         var _nodeIndex;
 
-         // pass a parts object and return the best match,
-         // `countryCode` optional (if supplied, must match that too)
-         matcher.matchParts = (parts, countryCode) => {
-           let match = null;
-           let inGroup = false;
+         var _origWay;
 
-           // fixme: we currently return a single match for ambiguous
-           match = _ambiguous[parts.kv] && _ambiguous[parts.kv][parts.nsimple];
-           if (match && matchesCountryCode(match)) return match;
+         var _wayGeometry;
 
-           // try to return an exact match
-           match = _matchIndex[parts.kv] && _matchIndex[parts.kv][parts.nsimple];
-           if (match && matchesCountryCode(match)) return match;
+         var _headNodeID;
 
-           // look in match groups
-           for (let mg in matchGroups$1) {
-             const matchGroup = matchGroups$1[mg];
-             match = null;
-             inGroup = false;
+         var _annotation;
 
-             for (let i = 0; i < matchGroup.length; i++) {
-               const otherkv = matchGroup[i].toLowerCase();
-               if (!inGroup) {
-                 inGroup = otherkv === parts.kv;
-               }
-               if (!match) {
-                 // fixme: we currently return a single match for ambiguous
-                 match = _ambiguous[otherkv] && _ambiguous[otherkv][parts.nsimple];
-               }
-               if (!match) {
-                 match = _matchIndex[otherkv] && _matchIndex[otherkv][parts.nsimple];
-               }
+         var _pointerHasMoved = false; // The osmNode to be placed.
+         // This is temporary and just follows the mouse cursor until an "add" event occurs.
 
-               if (match && !matchesCountryCode(match)) {
-                 match = null;
-               }
+         var _drawNode;
 
-               if (inGroup && match) {
-                 return match;
-               }
+         var _didResolveTempEdit = false;
+
+         function createDrawNode(loc) {
+           // don't make the draw node until we actually need it
+           _drawNode = osmNode({
+             loc: loc
+           });
+           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+           context.replace(function actionAddDrawNode(graph) {
+             // add the draw node to the graph and insert it into the way
+             var way = graph.entity(wayID);
+             return graph.replace(_drawNode).replace(way.addNode(_drawNode.id, _nodeIndex));
+           }, _annotation);
+           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+           setActiveElements();
+         }
+
+         function removeDrawNode() {
+           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+           context.replace(function actionDeleteDrawNode(graph) {
+             var way = graph.entity(wayID);
+             return graph.replace(way.removeNode(_drawNode.id)).remove(_drawNode);
+           }, _annotation);
+           _drawNode = undefined;
+           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+         }
+
+         function keydown(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
+             if (context.surface().classed('nope')) {
+               context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed', true);
              }
+
+             context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-disabled', true);
            }
+         }
 
-           return null;
+         function keyup(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
+             if (context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed')) {
+               context.surface().classed('nope', true);
+             }
 
-           function matchesCountryCode(match) {
-             if (!countryCode) return true;
-             if (!match.countryCodes) return true;
-             return match.countryCodes.indexOf(countryCode) !== -1;
+             context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed', false).classed('nope-disabled', false);
            }
-         };
+         }
 
+         function allowsVertex(d) {
+           return d.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(d, context.graph());
+         } // related code
+         // - `mode/drag_node.js`     `doMove()`
+         // - `behavior/draw.js`      `click()`
+         // - `behavior/draw_way.js`  `move()`
 
-         matcher.getWarnings = () => _warnings;
 
-         return matcher;
-       };
+         function move(d3_event, datum) {
+           var loc = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
+           if (!_drawNode) createDrawNode(loc);
+           context.surface().classed('nope-disabled', d3_event.altKey);
+           var targetLoc = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity && allowsVertex(datum.properties.entity) && datum.properties.entity.loc;
+           var targetNodes = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.nodes;
 
-       var quickselect$1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       (function (global, factory) {
-                module.exports = factory() ;
-       }(commonjsGlobal, (function () {
-       function quickselect(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
-           quickselectStep(arr, k, left || 0, right || (arr.length - 1), compare || defaultCompare);
-       }
+           if (targetLoc) {
+             // snap to node/vertex - a point target with `.loc`
+             loc = targetLoc;
+           } else if (targetNodes) {
+             // snap to way - a line target with `.nodes`
+             var choice = geoChooseEdge(targetNodes, context.map().mouse(), context.projection, _drawNode.id);
 
-       function quickselectStep(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
+             if (choice) {
+               loc = choice.loc;
+             }
+           }
 
-           while (right > left) {
-               if (right - left > 600) {
-                   var n = right - left + 1;
-                   var m = k - left + 1;
-                   var z = Math.log(n);
-                   var s = 0.5 * Math.exp(2 * z / 3);
-                   var sd = 0.5 * Math.sqrt(z * s * (n - s) / n) * (m - n / 2 < 0 ? -1 : 1);
-                   var newLeft = Math.max(left, Math.floor(k - m * s / n + sd));
-                   var newRight = Math.min(right, Math.floor(k + (n - m) * s / n + sd));
-                   quickselectStep(arr, k, newLeft, newRight, compare);
-               }
+           context.replace(actionMoveNode(_drawNode.id, loc), _annotation);
+           _drawNode = context.entity(_drawNode.id);
+           checkGeometry(true
+           /* includeDrawNode */
+           );
+         } // Check whether this edit causes the geometry to break.
+         // If so, class the surface with a nope cursor.
+         // `includeDrawNode` - Only check the relevant line segments if finishing drawing
 
-               var t = arr[k];
-               var i = left;
-               var j = right;
 
-               swap(arr, left, k);
-               if (compare(arr[right], t) > 0) swap(arr, left, right);
+         function checkGeometry(includeDrawNode) {
+           var nopeDisabled = context.surface().classed('nope-disabled');
+           var isInvalid = isInvalidGeometry(includeDrawNode);
 
-               while (i < j) {
-                   swap(arr, i, j);
-                   i++;
-                   j--;
-                   while (compare(arr[i], t) < 0) i++;
-                   while (compare(arr[j], t) > 0) j--;
-               }
+           if (nopeDisabled) {
+             context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-suppressed', isInvalid);
+           } else {
+             context.surface().classed('nope', isInvalid).classed('nope-suppressed', false);
+           }
+         }
 
-               if (compare(arr[left], t) === 0) swap(arr, left, j);
-               else {
-                   j++;
-                   swap(arr, j, right);
-               }
+         function isInvalidGeometry(includeDrawNode) {
+           var testNode = _drawNode; // we only need to test the single way we're drawing
 
-               if (j <= k) left = j + 1;
-               if (k <= j) right = j - 1;
+           var parentWay = context.graph().entity(wayID);
+           var nodes = context.graph().childNodes(parentWay).slice(); // shallow copy
+
+           if (includeDrawNode) {
+             if (parentWay.isClosed()) {
+               // don't test the last segment for closed ways - #4655
+               // (still test the first segment)
+               nodes.pop();
+             }
+           } else {
+             // discount the draw node
+             if (parentWay.isClosed()) {
+               if (nodes.length < 3) return false;
+               if (_drawNode) nodes.splice(-2, 1);
+               testNode = nodes[nodes.length - 2];
+             } else {
+               // there's nothing we need to test if we ignore the draw node on open ways
+               return false;
+             }
            }
-       }
 
-       function swap(arr, i, j) {
-           var tmp = arr[i];
-           arr[i] = arr[j];
-           arr[j] = tmp;
-       }
+           return testNode && geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, testNode.id);
+         }
 
-       function defaultCompare(a, b) {
-           return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
-       }
+         function undone() {
+           // undoing removed the temp edit
+           _didResolveTempEdit = true;
+           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+           var nextMode;
 
-       return quickselect;
+           if (context.graph() === startGraph) {
+             // We've undone back to the initial state before we started drawing.
+             // Just exit the draw mode without undoing whatever we did before
+             // we entered the draw mode.
+             nextMode = modeSelect(context, [wayID]);
+           } else {
+             // The `undo` only removed the temporary edit, so here we have to
+             // manually undo to actually remove the last node we added. We can't
+             // use the `undo` function since the initial "add" graph doesn't have
+             // an annotation and so cannot be undone to.
+             context.pop(1); // continue drawing
 
-       })));
-       });
+             nextMode = mode;
+           } // clear the redo stack by adding and removing a blank edit
 
-       var rbush_1 = rbush;
-       var _default$2 = rbush;
 
+           context.perform(actionNoop());
+           context.pop(1);
+           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+           context.enter(nextMode);
+         }
 
+         function setActiveElements() {
+           if (!_drawNode) return;
+           context.surface().selectAll('.' + _drawNode.id).classed('active', true);
+         }
 
-       function rbush(maxEntries, format) {
-           if (!(this instanceof rbush)) return new rbush(maxEntries, format);
+         function resetToStartGraph() {
+           while (context.graph() !== startGraph) {
+             context.pop();
+           }
+         }
 
-           // max entries in a node is 9 by default; min node fill is 40% for best performance
-           this._maxEntries = Math.max(4, maxEntries || 9);
-           this._minEntries = Math.max(2, Math.ceil(this._maxEntries * 0.4));
+         var drawWay = function drawWay(surface) {
+           _drawNode = undefined;
+           _didResolveTempEdit = false;
+           _origWay = context.entity(wayID);
 
-           if (format) {
-               this._initFormat(format);
+           if (typeof _nodeIndex === 'number') {
+             _headNodeID = _origWay.nodes[_nodeIndex];
+           } else if (_origWay.isClosed()) {
+             _headNodeID = _origWay.nodes[_origWay.nodes.length - 2];
+           } else {
+             _headNodeID = _origWay.nodes[_origWay.nodes.length - 1];
+           }
+
+           _wayGeometry = _origWay.geometry(context.graph());
+           _annotation = _t((_origWay.nodes.length === (_origWay.isClosed() ? 2 : 1) ? 'operations.start.annotation.' : 'operations.continue.annotation.') + _wayGeometry);
+           _pointerHasMoved = false; // Push an annotated state for undo to return back to.
+           // We must make sure to replace or remove it later.
+
+           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+           context.perform(actionNoop(), _annotation);
+           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+           behavior.hover().initialNodeID(_headNodeID);
+           behavior.on('move', function () {
+             _pointerHasMoved = true;
+             move.apply(this, arguments);
+           }).on('down', function () {
+             move.apply(this, arguments);
+           }).on('downcancel', function () {
+             if (_drawNode) removeDrawNode();
+           }).on('click', drawWay.add).on('clickWay', drawWay.addWay).on('clickNode', drawWay.addNode).on('undo', context.undo).on('cancel', drawWay.cancel).on('finish', drawWay.finish);
+           select(window).on('keydown.drawWay', keydown).on('keyup.drawWay', keyup);
+           context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(false).on('drawn.draw', setActiveElements);
+           setActiveElements();
+           surface.call(behavior);
+           context.history().on('undone.draw', undone);
+         };
+
+         drawWay.off = function (surface) {
+           if (!_didResolveTempEdit) {
+             // Drawing was interrupted unexpectedly.
+             // This can happen if the user changes modes,
+             // clicks geolocate button, a hashchange event occurs, etc.
+             context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+             resetToStartGraph();
+             context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+           }
+
+           _drawNode = undefined;
+           _nodeIndex = undefined;
+           context.map().on('drawn.draw', null);
+           surface.call(behavior.off).selectAll('.active').classed('active', false);
+           surface.classed('nope', false).classed('nope-suppressed', false).classed('nope-disabled', false);
+           select(window).on('keydown.drawWay', null).on('keyup.drawWay', null);
+           context.history().on('undone.draw', null);
+         };
+
+         function attemptAdd(d, loc, doAdd) {
+           if (_drawNode) {
+             // move the node to the final loc in case move wasn't called
+             // consistently (e.g. on touch devices)
+             context.replace(actionMoveNode(_drawNode.id, loc), _annotation);
+             _drawNode = context.entity(_drawNode.id);
+           } else {
+             createDrawNode(loc);
            }
 
-           this.clear();
-       }
+           checkGeometry(true
+           /* includeDrawNode */
+           );
 
-       rbush.prototype = {
+           if (d && d.properties && d.properties.nope || context.surface().classed('nope')) {
+             if (!_pointerHasMoved) {
+               // prevent the temporary draw node from appearing on touch devices
+               removeDrawNode();
+             }
 
-           all: function () {
-               return this._all(this.data, []);
-           },
+             dispatch.call('rejectedSelfIntersection', this);
+             return; // can't click here
+           }
 
-           search: function (bbox) {
+           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+           doAdd(); // we just replaced the temporary edit with the real one
 
-               var node = this.data,
-                   result = [],
-                   toBBox = this.toBBox;
+           _didResolveTempEdit = true;
+           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+           context.enter(mode);
+         } // Accept the current position of the drawing node
 
-               if (!intersects$1(bbox, node)) return result;
 
-               var nodesToSearch = [],
-                   i, len, child, childBBox;
+         drawWay.add = function (loc, d) {
+           attemptAdd(d, loc, function () {// don't need to do anything extra
+           });
+         }; // Connect the way to an existing way
 
-               while (node) {
-                   for (i = 0, len = node.children.length; i < len; i++) {
 
-                       child = node.children[i];
-                       childBBox = node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child;
+         drawWay.addWay = function (loc, edge, d) {
+           attemptAdd(d, loc, function () {
+             context.replace(actionAddMidpoint({
+               loc: loc,
+               edge: edge
+             }, _drawNode), _annotation);
+           });
+         }; // Connect the way to an existing node
 
-                       if (intersects$1(bbox, childBBox)) {
-                           if (node.leaf) result.push(child);
-                           else if (contains$2(bbox, childBBox)) this._all(child, result);
-                           else nodesToSearch.push(child);
-                       }
-                   }
-                   node = nodesToSearch.pop();
-               }
 
-               return result;
-           },
+         drawWay.addNode = function (node, d) {
+           // finish drawing if the mapper targets the prior node
+           if (node.id === _headNodeID || // or the first node when drawing an area
+           _origWay.isClosed() && node.id === _origWay.first()) {
+             drawWay.finish();
+             return;
+           }
 
-           collides: function (bbox) {
+           attemptAdd(d, node.loc, function () {
+             context.replace(function actionReplaceDrawNode(graph) {
+               // remove the temporary draw node and insert the existing node
+               // at the same index
+               graph = graph.replace(graph.entity(wayID).removeNode(_drawNode.id)).remove(_drawNode);
+               return graph.replace(graph.entity(wayID).addNode(node.id, _nodeIndex));
+             }, _annotation);
+           });
+         };
+         /**
+          * @param {(typeof osmWay)[]} ways
+          * @returns {"line" | "area" | "generic"}
+          */
 
-               var node = this.data,
-                   toBBox = this.toBBox;
 
-               if (!intersects$1(bbox, node)) return false;
+         function getFeatureType(ways) {
+           if (ways.every(function (way) {
+             return way.isClosed();
+           })) return 'area';
+           if (ways.every(function (way) {
+             return !way.isClosed();
+           })) return 'line';
+           return 'generic';
+         }
+         /** see PR #8671 */
 
-               var nodesToSearch = [],
-                   i, len, child, childBBox;
 
-               while (node) {
-                   for (i = 0, len = node.children.length; i < len; i++) {
+         function followMode() {
+           if (_didResolveTempEdit) return;
 
-                       child = node.children[i];
-                       childBBox = node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child;
+           try {
+             // get the last 2 added nodes.
+             // check if they are both part of only oneway (the same one)
+             // check if the ways that they're part of are the same way
+             // find index of the last two nodes, to determine the direction to travel around the existing way
+             // add the next node to the way we are drawing
+             // if we're drawing an area, the first node = last node.
+             var isDrawingArea = _origWay.nodes[0] === _origWay.nodes.slice(-1)[0];
 
-                       if (intersects$1(bbox, childBBox)) {
-                           if (node.leaf || contains$2(bbox, childBBox)) return true;
-                           nodesToSearch.push(child);
-                       }
-                   }
-                   node = nodesToSearch.pop();
-               }
+             var _origWay$nodes$slice = _origWay.nodes.slice(isDrawingArea ? -3 : -2),
+                 _origWay$nodes$slice2 = _slicedToArray(_origWay$nodes$slice, 2),
+                 secondLastNodeId = _origWay$nodes$slice2[0],
+                 lastNodeId = _origWay$nodes$slice2[1]; // Unlike startGraph, the full history graph may contain unsaved vertices to follow.
+             // https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/8749
 
-               return false;
-           },
 
-           load: function (data) {
-               if (!(data && data.length)) return this;
+             var historyGraph = context.history().graph();
+
+             if (!lastNodeId || !secondLastNodeId || !historyGraph.hasEntity(lastNodeId) || !historyGraph.hasEntity(secondLastNodeId)) {
+               context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t.html('operations.follow.error.needs_more_initial_nodes'))();
+               return;
+             } // If the way has looped over itself, follow some other way.
 
-               if (data.length < this._minEntries) {
-                   for (var i = 0, len = data.length; i < len; i++) {
-                       this.insert(data[i]);
-                   }
-                   return this;
-               }
 
-               // recursively build the tree with the given data from scratch using OMT algorithm
-               var node = this._build(data.slice(), 0, data.length - 1, 0);
+             var lastNodesParents = historyGraph.parentWays(historyGraph.entity(lastNodeId)).filter(function (w) {
+               return w.id !== wayID;
+             });
+             var secondLastNodesParents = historyGraph.parentWays(historyGraph.entity(secondLastNodeId)).filter(function (w) {
+               return w.id !== wayID;
+             });
+             var featureType = getFeatureType(lastNodesParents);
 
-               if (!this.data.children.length) {
-                   // save as is if tree is empty
-                   this.data = node;
+             if (lastNodesParents.length !== 1 || secondLastNodesParents.length === 0) {
+               context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t.html("operations.follow.error.intersection_of_multiple_ways.".concat(featureType)))();
+               return;
+             } // Check if the last node's parent is also the parent of the second last node.
+             // The last node must only have one parent, but the second last node can have
+             // multiple parents.
 
-               } else if (this.data.height === node.height) {
-                   // split root if trees have the same height
-                   this._splitRoot(this.data, node);
 
-               } else {
-                   if (this.data.height < node.height) {
-                       // swap trees if inserted one is bigger
-                       var tmpNode = this.data;
-                       this.data = node;
-                       node = tmpNode;
-                   }
+             if (!secondLastNodesParents.some(function (n) {
+               return n.id === lastNodesParents[0].id;
+             })) {
+               context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t.html("operations.follow.error.intersection_of_different_ways.".concat(featureType)))();
+               return;
+             }
+
+             var way = lastNodesParents[0];
+             var indexOfLast = way.nodes.indexOf(lastNodeId);
+             var indexOfSecondLast = way.nodes.indexOf(secondLastNodeId); // for a closed way, the first/last node is the same so it appears twice in the array,
+             // but indexOf always finds the first occurrence. This is only an issue when following a way
+             // in descending order
 
-                   // insert the small tree into the large tree at appropriate level
-                   this._insert(node, this.data.height - node.height - 1, true);
+             var isDescendingPastZero = indexOfLast === way.nodes.length - 2 && indexOfSecondLast === 0;
+             var nextNodeIndex = indexOfLast + (indexOfLast > indexOfSecondLast && !isDescendingPastZero ? 1 : -1); // if we're following a closed way and we pass the first/last node, the  next index will be -1
+
+             if (nextNodeIndex === -1) nextNodeIndex = indexOfSecondLast === 1 ? way.nodes.length - 2 : 1;
+             var nextNode = historyGraph.entity(way.nodes[nextNodeIndex]);
+             drawWay.addNode(nextNode, {
+               geometry: {
+                 type: 'Point',
+                 coordinates: nextNode.loc
+               },
+               id: nextNode.id,
+               properties: {
+                 target: true,
+                 entity: nextNode
                }
+             });
+           } catch (ex) {
+             context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t.html('operations.follow.error.unknown'))();
+           }
+         }
 
-               return this;
-           },
+         keybinding.on(_t('operations.follow.key'), followMode);
+         select(document).call(keybinding); // Finish the draw operation, removing the temporary edit.
+         // If the way has enough nodes to be valid, it's selected.
+         // Otherwise, delete everything and return to browse mode.
 
-           insert: function (item) {
-               if (item) this._insert(item, this.data.height - 1);
-               return this;
-           },
+         drawWay.finish = function () {
+           checkGeometry(false
+           /* includeDrawNode */
+           );
 
-           clear: function () {
-               this.data = createNode$1([]);
-               return this;
-           },
+           if (context.surface().classed('nope')) {
+             dispatch.call('rejectedSelfIntersection', this);
+             return; // can't click here
+           }
 
-           remove: function (item, equalsFn) {
-               if (!item) return this;
+           context.pauseChangeDispatch(); // remove the temporary edit
 
-               var node = this.data,
-                   bbox = this.toBBox(item),
-                   path = [],
-                   indexes = [],
-                   i, parent, index, goingUp;
+           context.pop(1);
+           _didResolveTempEdit = true;
+           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+           var way = context.hasEntity(wayID);
 
-               // depth-first iterative tree traversal
-               while (node || path.length) {
+           if (!way || way.isDegenerate()) {
+             drawWay.cancel();
+             return;
+           }
 
-                   if (!node) { // go up
-                       node = path.pop();
-                       parent = path[path.length - 1];
-                       i = indexes.pop();
-                       goingUp = true;
-                   }
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
+           }, 1000);
+           var isNewFeature = !mode.isContinuing;
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [wayID]).newFeature(isNewFeature));
+         }; // Cancel the draw operation, delete everything, and return to browse mode.
 
-                   if (node.leaf) { // check current node
-                       index = findItem$1(item, node.children, equalsFn);
 
-                       if (index !== -1) {
-                           // item found, remove the item and condense tree upwards
-                           node.children.splice(index, 1);
-                           path.push(node);
-                           this._condense(path);
-                           return this;
-                       }
-                   }
+         drawWay.cancel = function () {
+           context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+           resetToStartGraph();
+           context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
+           }, 1000);
+           context.surface().classed('nope', false).classed('nope-disabled', false).classed('nope-suppressed', false);
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         };
 
-                   if (!goingUp && !node.leaf && contains$2(node, bbox)) { // go down
-                       path.push(node);
-                       indexes.push(i);
-                       i = 0;
-                       parent = node;
-                       node = node.children[0];
+         drawWay.nodeIndex = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _nodeIndex;
+           _nodeIndex = val;
+           return drawWay;
+         };
 
-                   } else if (parent) { // go right
-                       i++;
-                       node = parent.children[i];
-                       goingUp = false;
+         drawWay.activeID = function () {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _drawNode && _drawNode.id; // no assign
 
-                   } else node = null; // nothing found
-               }
+           return drawWay;
+         };
 
-               return this;
-           },
+         return utilRebind(drawWay, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           toBBox: function (item) { return item; },
+       function modeDrawLine(context, wayID, startGraph, button, affix, continuing) {
+         var mode = {
+           button: button,
+           id: 'draw-line'
+         };
+         var behavior = behaviorDrawWay(context, wayID, mode, startGraph).on('rejectedSelfIntersection.modeDrawLine', function () {
+           context.ui().flash.iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t.html('self_intersection.error.lines'))();
+         });
+         mode.wayID = wayID;
+         mode.isContinuing = continuing;
 
-           compareMinX: compareNodeMinX$1,
-           compareMinY: compareNodeMinY$1,
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           behavior.nodeIndex(affix === 'prefix' ? 0 : undefined);
+           context.install(behavior);
+         };
 
-           toJSON: function () { return this.data; },
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.uninstall(behavior);
+         };
 
-           fromJSON: function (data) {
-               this.data = data;
-               return this;
-           },
+         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
+           return [wayID];
+         };
 
-           _all: function (node, result) {
-               var nodesToSearch = [];
-               while (node) {
-                   if (node.leaf) result.push.apply(result, node.children);
-                   else nodesToSearch.push.apply(nodesToSearch, node.children);
+         mode.activeID = function () {
+           return behavior && behavior.activeID() || [];
+         };
 
-                   node = nodesToSearch.pop();
-               }
-               return result;
-           },
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-           _build: function (items, left, right, height) {
+       function validationDisconnectedWay() {
+         var type = 'disconnected_way';
 
-               var N = right - left + 1,
-                   M = this._maxEntries,
-                   node;
+         function isTaggedAsHighway(entity) {
+           return osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[entity.tags.highway];
+         }
 
-               if (N <= M) {
-                   // reached leaf level; return leaf
-                   node = createNode$1(items.slice(left, right + 1));
-                   calcBBox$1(node, this.toBBox);
-                   return node;
-               }
+         var validation = function checkDisconnectedWay(entity, graph) {
+           var routingIslandWays = routingIslandForEntity(entity);
+           if (!routingIslandWays) return [];
+           return [new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: 'highway',
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var entity = this.entityIds.length && context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               var label = entity && utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph());
+               return _t.html('issues.disconnected_way.routable.message', {
+                 count: this.entityIds.length,
+                 highway: label
+               });
+             },
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: Array.from(routingIslandWays).map(function (way) {
+               return way.id;
+             }),
+             dynamicFixes: makeFixes
+           })];
+
+           function makeFixes(context) {
+             var fixes = [];
+             var singleEntity = this.entityIds.length === 1 && context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
 
-               if (!height) {
-                   // target height of the bulk-loaded tree
-                   height = Math.ceil(Math.log(N) / Math.log(M));
+             if (singleEntity) {
+               if (singleEntity.type === 'way' && !singleEntity.isClosed()) {
+                 var textDirection = _mainLocalizer.textDirection();
+                 var startFix = makeContinueDrawingFixIfAllowed(textDirection, singleEntity.first(), 'start');
+                 if (startFix) fixes.push(startFix);
+                 var endFix = makeContinueDrawingFixIfAllowed(textDirection, singleEntity.last(), 'end');
+                 if (endFix) fixes.push(endFix);
+               }
 
-                   // target number of root entries to maximize storage utilization
-                   M = Math.ceil(N / Math.pow(M, height - 1));
+               if (!fixes.length) {
+                 fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.connect_feature.title')
+                 }));
                }
 
-               node = createNode$1([]);
-               node.leaf = false;
-               node.height = height;
+               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.delete_feature.title'),
+                 entityIds: [singleEntity.id],
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   var id = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                   var operation = operationDelete(context, [id]);
 
-               // split the items into M mostly square tiles
+                   if (!operation.disabled()) {
+                     operation();
+                   }
+                 }
+               }));
+             } else {
+               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.connect_features.title')
+               }));
+             }
 
-               var N2 = Math.ceil(N / M),
-                   N1 = N2 * Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(M)),
-                   i, j, right2, right3;
+             return fixes;
+           }
 
-               multiSelect$1(items, left, right, N1, this.compareMinX);
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.disconnected_way.routable.reference'));
+           }
 
-               for (i = left; i <= right; i += N1) {
+           function routingIslandForEntity(entity) {
+             var routingIsland = new Set(); // the interconnected routable features
 
-                   right2 = Math.min(i + N1 - 1, right);
+             var waysToCheck = []; // the queue of remaining routable ways to traverse
 
-                   multiSelect$1(items, i, right2, N2, this.compareMinY);
+             function queueParentWays(node) {
+               graph.parentWays(node).forEach(function (parentWay) {
+                 if (!routingIsland.has(parentWay) && // only check each feature once
+                 isRoutableWay(parentWay, false)) {
+                   // only check routable features
+                   routingIsland.add(parentWay);
+                   waysToCheck.push(parentWay);
+                 }
+               });
+             }
 
-                   for (j = i; j <= right2; j += N2) {
+             if (entity.type === 'way' && isRoutableWay(entity, true)) {
+               routingIsland.add(entity);
+               waysToCheck.push(entity);
+             } else if (entity.type === 'node' && isRoutableNode(entity)) {
+               routingIsland.add(entity);
+               queueParentWays(entity);
+             } else {
+               // this feature isn't routable, cannot be a routing island
+               return null;
+             }
 
-                       right3 = Math.min(j + N2 - 1, right2);
+             while (waysToCheck.length) {
+               var wayToCheck = waysToCheck.pop();
+               var childNodes = graph.childNodes(wayToCheck);
 
-                       // pack each entry recursively
-                       node.children.push(this._build(items, j, right3, height - 1));
-                   }
-               }
+               for (var i in childNodes) {
+                 var vertex = childNodes[i];
 
-               calcBBox$1(node, this.toBBox);
+                 if (isConnectedVertex(vertex)) {
+                   // found a link to the wider network, not a routing island
+                   return null;
+                 }
 
-               return node;
-           },
+                 if (isRoutableNode(vertex)) {
+                   routingIsland.add(vertex);
+                 }
 
-           _chooseSubtree: function (bbox, node, level, path) {
+                 queueParentWays(vertex);
+               }
+             } // no network link found, this is a routing island, return its members
 
-               var i, len, child, targetNode, area, enlargement, minArea, minEnlargement;
 
-               while (true) {
-                   path.push(node);
+             return routingIsland;
+           }
 
-                   if (node.leaf || path.length - 1 === level) break;
+           function isConnectedVertex(vertex) {
+             // assume ways overlapping unloaded tiles are connected to the wider road network  - #5938
+             var osm = services.osm;
+             if (osm && !osm.isDataLoaded(vertex.loc)) return true; // entrances are considered connected
 
-                   minArea = minEnlargement = Infinity;
+             if (vertex.tags.entrance && vertex.tags.entrance !== 'no') return true;
+             if (vertex.tags.amenity === 'parking_entrance') return true;
+             return false;
+           }
 
-                   for (i = 0, len = node.children.length; i < len; i++) {
-                       child = node.children[i];
-                       area = bboxArea$1(child);
-                       enlargement = enlargedArea$1(bbox, child) - area;
+           function isRoutableNode(node) {
+             // treat elevators as distinct features in the highway network
+             if (node.tags.highway === 'elevator') return true;
+             return false;
+           }
 
-                       // choose entry with the least area enlargement
-                       if (enlargement < minEnlargement) {
-                           minEnlargement = enlargement;
-                           minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
-                           targetNode = child;
+           function isRoutableWay(way, ignoreInnerWays) {
+             if (isTaggedAsHighway(way) || way.tags.route === 'ferry') return true;
+             return graph.parentRelations(way).some(function (parentRelation) {
+               if (parentRelation.tags.type === 'route' && parentRelation.tags.route === 'ferry') return true;
+               if (parentRelation.isMultipolygon() && isTaggedAsHighway(parentRelation) && (!ignoreInnerWays || parentRelation.memberById(way.id).role !== 'inner')) return true;
+               return false;
+             });
+           }
 
-                       } else if (enlargement === minEnlargement) {
-                           // otherwise choose one with the smallest area
-                           if (area < minArea) {
-                               minArea = area;
-                               targetNode = child;
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
+           function makeContinueDrawingFixIfAllowed(textDirection, vertexID, whichEnd) {
+             var vertex = graph.hasEntity(vertexID);
+             if (!vertex || vertex.tags.noexit === 'yes') return null;
+             var useLeftContinue = whichEnd === 'start' && textDirection === 'ltr' || whichEnd === 'end' && textDirection === 'rtl';
+             return new validationIssueFix({
+               icon: 'iD-operation-continue' + (useLeftContinue ? '-left' : ''),
+               title: _t.html('issues.fix.continue_from_' + whichEnd + '.title'),
+               entityIds: [vertexID],
+               onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                 var wayId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                 var way = context.hasEntity(wayId);
+                 var vertexId = this.entityIds[0];
+                 var vertex = context.hasEntity(vertexId);
+                 if (!way || !vertex) return; // make sure the vertex is actually visible and editable
+
+                 var map = context.map();
+
+                 if (!context.editable() || !map.trimmedExtent().contains(vertex.loc)) {
+                   map.zoomToEase(vertex);
+                 }
 
-                   node = targetNode || node.children[0];
+                 context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, wayId, context.graph(), 'line', way.affix(vertexId), true));
                }
+             });
+           }
+         };
 
-               return node;
-           },
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
-           _insert: function (item, level, isNode) {
+       function validationFormatting() {
+         var type = 'invalid_format';
 
-               var toBBox = this.toBBox,
-                   bbox = isNode ? item : toBBox(item),
-                   insertPath = [];
+         var validation = function validation(entity) {
+           var issues = [];
 
-               // find the best node for accommodating the item, saving all nodes along the path too
-               var node = this._chooseSubtree(bbox, this.data, level, insertPath);
+           function isValidEmail(email) {
+             // Emails in OSM are going to be official so they should be pretty simple
+             // Using negated lists to better support all possible unicode characters (#6494)
+             var valid_email = /^[^\(\)\\,":;<>@\[\]]+@[^\(\)\\,":;<>@\[\]\.]+(?:\.[a-z0-9-]+)*$/i; // An empty value is also acceptable
 
-               // put the item into the node
-               node.children.push(item);
-               extend$3(node, bbox);
+             return !email || valid_email.test(email);
+           }
 
-               // split on node overflow; propagate upwards if necessary
-               while (level >= 0) {
-                   if (insertPath[level].children.length > this._maxEntries) {
-                       this._split(insertPath, level);
-                       level--;
-                   } else break;
+           function showReferenceEmail(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.invalid_format.email.reference'));
+           }
+           /* see https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/6831#issuecomment-537121379
+           function isSchemePresent(url) {
+               var valid_scheme = /^https?:\/\//i;
+               return (!url || valid_scheme.test(url));
+           }
+           function showReferenceWebsite(selection) {
+               selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
+                   .data([0])
+                   .enter()
+                   .append('div')
+                   .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
+                   .call(t.append('issues.invalid_format.website.reference'));
+           }
+            if (entity.tags.website) {
+               // Multiple websites are possible
+               // If ever we support ES6, arrow functions make this nicer
+               var websites = entity.tags.website
+                   .split(';')
+                   .map(function(s) { return s.trim(); })
+                   .filter(function(x) { return !isSchemePresent(x); });
+                if (websites.length) {
+                   issues.push(new validationIssue({
+                       type: type,
+                       subtype: 'website',
+                       severity: 'warning',
+                       message: function(context) {
+                           var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+                           return entity ? t.html('issues.invalid_format.website.message' + this.data,
+                               { feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()), site: websites.join(', ') }) : '';
+                       },
+                       reference: showReferenceWebsite,
+                       entityIds: [entity.id],
+                       hash: websites.join(),
+                       data: (websites.length > 1) ? '_multi' : ''
+                   }));
                }
+           }*/
 
-               // adjust bboxes along the insertion path
-               this._adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, insertPath, level);
-           },
-
-           // split overflowed node into two
-           _split: function (insertPath, level) {
 
-               var node = insertPath[level],
-                   M = node.children.length,
-                   m = this._minEntries;
+           if (entity.tags.email) {
+             // Multiple emails are possible
+             var emails = entity.tags.email.split(';').map(function (s) {
+               return s.trim();
+             }).filter(function (x) {
+               return !isValidEmail(x);
+             });
 
-               this._chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M);
+             if (emails.length) {
+               issues.push(new validationIssue({
+                 type: type,
+                 subtype: 'email',
+                 severity: 'warning',
+                 message: function message(context) {
+                   var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+                   return entity ? _t.html('issues.invalid_format.email.message' + this.data, {
+                     feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()),
+                     email: emails.join(', ')
+                   }) : '';
+                 },
+                 reference: showReferenceEmail,
+                 entityIds: [entity.id],
+                 hash: emails.join(),
+                 data: emails.length > 1 ? '_multi' : ''
+               }));
+             }
+           }
 
-               var splitIndex = this._chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M);
+           return issues;
+         };
 
-               var newNode = createNode$1(node.children.splice(splitIndex, node.children.length - splitIndex));
-               newNode.height = node.height;
-               newNode.leaf = node.leaf;
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
-               calcBBox$1(node, this.toBBox);
-               calcBBox$1(newNode, this.toBBox);
+       function validationHelpRequest(context) {
+         var type = 'help_request';
 
-               if (level) insertPath[level - 1].children.push(newNode);
-               else this._splitRoot(node, newNode);
-           },
+         var validation = function checkFixmeTag(entity) {
+           if (!entity.tags.fixme) return []; // don't flag fixmes on features added by the user
 
-           _splitRoot: function (node, newNode) {
-               // split root node
-               this.data = createNode$1([node, newNode]);
-               this.data.height = node.height + 1;
-               this.data.leaf = false;
-               calcBBox$1(this.data, this.toBBox);
-           },
+           if (entity.version === undefined) return [];
 
-           _chooseSplitIndex: function (node, m, M) {
+           if (entity.v !== undefined) {
+             var baseEntity = context.history().base().hasEntity(entity.id); // don't flag fixmes added by the user on existing features
 
-               var i, bbox1, bbox2, overlap, area, minOverlap, minArea, index;
+             if (!baseEntity || !baseEntity.tags.fixme) return [];
+           }
 
-               minOverlap = minArea = Infinity;
+           return [new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: 'fixme_tag',
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               return entity ? _t.html('issues.fixme_tag.message', {
+                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph(), true
+                 /* verbose */
+                 )
+               }) : '';
+             },
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+               return [new validationIssueFix({
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.address_the_concern.title')
+               })];
+             },
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: [entity.id]
+           })];
 
-               for (i = m; i <= M - m; i++) {
-                   bbox1 = distBBox$1(node, 0, i, this.toBBox);
-                   bbox2 = distBBox$1(node, i, M, this.toBBox);
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.fixme_tag.reference'));
+           }
+         };
 
-                   overlap = intersectionArea$1(bbox1, bbox2);
-                   area = bboxArea$1(bbox1) + bboxArea$1(bbox2);
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
-                   // choose distribution with minimum overlap
-                   if (overlap < minOverlap) {
-                       minOverlap = overlap;
-                       index = i;
+       function validationImpossibleOneway() {
+         var type = 'impossible_oneway';
+
+         var validation = function checkImpossibleOneway(entity, graph) {
+           if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.geometry(graph) !== 'line') return [];
+           if (entity.isClosed()) return [];
+           if (!typeForWay(entity)) return [];
+           if (!isOneway(entity)) return [];
+           var firstIssues = issuesForNode(entity, entity.first());
+           var lastIssues = issuesForNode(entity, entity.last());
+           return firstIssues.concat(lastIssues);
+
+           function typeForWay(way) {
+             if (way.geometry(graph) !== 'line') return null;
+             if (osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[way.tags.highway]) return 'highway';
+             if (osmFlowingWaterwayTagValues[way.tags.waterway]) return 'waterway';
+             return null;
+           }
 
-                       minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
+           function isOneway(way) {
+             if (way.tags.oneway === 'yes') return true;
+             if (way.tags.oneway) return false;
 
-                   } else if (overlap === minOverlap) {
-                       // otherwise choose distribution with minimum area
-                       if (area < minArea) {
-                           minArea = area;
-                           index = i;
-                       }
-                   }
+             for (var key in way.tags) {
+               if (osmOneWayTags[key] && osmOneWayTags[key][way.tags[key]]) {
+                 return true;
                }
+             }
 
-               return index;
-           },
+             return false;
+           }
 
-           // sorts node children by the best axis for split
-           _chooseSplitAxis: function (node, m, M) {
+           function nodeOccursMoreThanOnce(way, nodeID) {
+             var occurrences = 0;
 
-               var compareMinX = node.leaf ? this.compareMinX : compareNodeMinX$1,
-                   compareMinY = node.leaf ? this.compareMinY : compareNodeMinY$1,
-                   xMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinX),
-                   yMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinY);
+             for (var index in way.nodes) {
+               if (way.nodes[index] === nodeID) {
+                 occurrences += 1;
+                 if (occurrences > 1) return true;
+               }
+             }
 
-               // if total distributions margin value is minimal for x, sort by minX,
-               // otherwise it's already sorted by minY
-               if (xMargin < yMargin) node.children.sort(compareMinX);
-           },
+             return false;
+           }
+
+           function isConnectedViaOtherTypes(way, node) {
+             var wayType = typeForWay(way);
 
-           // total margin of all possible split distributions where each node is at least m full
-           _allDistMargin: function (node, m, M, compare) {
+             if (wayType === 'highway') {
+               // entrances are considered connected
+               if (node.tags.entrance && node.tags.entrance !== 'no') return true;
+               if (node.tags.amenity === 'parking_entrance') return true;
+             } else if (wayType === 'waterway') {
+               if (node.id === way.first()) {
+                 // multiple waterways may start at the same spring
+                 if (node.tags.natural === 'spring') return true;
+               } else {
+                 // multiple waterways may end at the same drain
+                 if (node.tags.manhole === 'drain') return true;
+               }
+             }
 
-               node.children.sort(compare);
+             return graph.parentWays(node).some(function (parentWay) {
+               if (parentWay.id === way.id) return false;
 
-               var toBBox = this.toBBox,
-                   leftBBox = distBBox$1(node, 0, m, toBBox),
-                   rightBBox = distBBox$1(node, M - m, M, toBBox),
-                   margin = bboxMargin$1(leftBBox) + bboxMargin$1(rightBBox),
-                   i, child;
+               if (wayType === 'highway') {
+                 // allow connections to highway areas
+                 if (parentWay.geometry(graph) === 'area' && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[parentWay.tags.highway]) return true; // count connections to ferry routes as connected
 
-               for (i = m; i < M - m; i++) {
-                   child = node.children[i];
-                   extend$3(leftBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
-                   margin += bboxMargin$1(leftBBox);
-               }
+                 if (parentWay.tags.route === 'ferry') return true;
+                 return graph.parentRelations(parentWay).some(function (parentRelation) {
+                   if (parentRelation.tags.type === 'route' && parentRelation.tags.route === 'ferry') return true; // allow connections to highway multipolygons
 
-               for (i = M - m - 1; i >= m; i--) {
-                   child = node.children[i];
-                   extend$3(rightBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
-                   margin += bboxMargin$1(rightBBox);
+                   return parentRelation.isMultipolygon() && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[parentRelation.tags.highway];
+                 });
+               } else if (wayType === 'waterway') {
+                 // multiple waterways may start or end at a water body at the same node
+                 if (parentWay.tags.natural === 'water' || parentWay.tags.natural === 'coastline') return true;
                }
 
-               return margin;
-           },
+               return false;
+             });
+           }
 
-           _adjustParentBBoxes: function (bbox, path, level) {
-               // adjust bboxes along the given tree path
-               for (var i = level; i >= 0; i--) {
-                   extend$3(path[i], bbox);
-               }
-           },
+           function issuesForNode(way, nodeID) {
+             var isFirst = nodeID === way.first();
+             var wayType = typeForWay(way); // ignore if this way is self-connected at this node
 
-           _condense: function (path) {
-               // go through the path, removing empty nodes and updating bboxes
-               for (var i = path.length - 1, siblings; i >= 0; i--) {
-                   if (path[i].children.length === 0) {
-                       if (i > 0) {
-                           siblings = path[i - 1].children;
-                           siblings.splice(siblings.indexOf(path[i]), 1);
+             if (nodeOccursMoreThanOnce(way, nodeID)) return [];
+             var osm = services.osm;
+             if (!osm) return [];
+             var node = graph.hasEntity(nodeID); // ignore if this node or its tile are unloaded
 
-                       } else this.clear();
+             if (!node || !osm.isDataLoaded(node.loc)) return [];
+             if (isConnectedViaOtherTypes(way, node)) return [];
+             var attachedWaysOfSameType = graph.parentWays(node).filter(function (parentWay) {
+               if (parentWay.id === way.id) return false;
+               return typeForWay(parentWay) === wayType;
+             }); // assume it's okay for waterways to start or end disconnected for now
 
-                   } else calcBBox$1(path[i], this.toBBox);
-               }
-           },
+             if (wayType === 'waterway' && attachedWaysOfSameType.length === 0) return [];
+             var attachedOneways = attachedWaysOfSameType.filter(function (attachedWay) {
+               return isOneway(attachedWay);
+             }); // ignore if the way is connected to some non-oneway features
+
+             if (attachedOneways.length < attachedWaysOfSameType.length) return [];
 
-           _initFormat: function (format) {
-               // data format (minX, minY, maxX, maxY accessors)
+             if (attachedOneways.length) {
+               var connectedEndpointsOkay = attachedOneways.some(function (attachedOneway) {
+                 if ((isFirst ? attachedOneway.first() : attachedOneway.last()) !== nodeID) return true;
+                 if (nodeOccursMoreThanOnce(attachedOneway, nodeID)) return true;
+                 return false;
+               });
+               if (connectedEndpointsOkay) return [];
+             }
+
+             var placement = isFirst ? 'start' : 'end',
+                 messageID = wayType + '.',
+                 referenceID = wayType + '.';
+
+             if (wayType === 'waterway') {
+               messageID += 'connected.' + placement;
+               referenceID += 'connected';
+             } else {
+               messageID += placement;
+               referenceID += placement;
+             }
+
+             return [new validationIssue({
+               type: type,
+               subtype: wayType,
+               severity: 'warning',
+               message: function message(context) {
+                 var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.impossible_oneway.' + messageID + '.message', {
+                   feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
+                 }) : '';
+               },
+               reference: getReference(referenceID),
+               entityIds: [way.id, node.id],
+               dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+                 var fixes = [];
 
-               // uses eval-type function compilation instead of just accepting a toBBox function
-               // because the algorithms are very sensitive to sorting functions performance,
-               // so they should be dead simple and without inner calls
+                 if (attachedOneways.length) {
+                   fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                     icon: 'iD-operation-reverse',
+                     title: _t.html('issues.fix.reverse_feature.title'),
+                     entityIds: [way.id],
+                     onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                       var id = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                       context.perform(actionReverse(id), _t('operations.reverse.annotation.line', {
+                         n: 1
+                       }));
+                     }
+                   }));
+                 }
 
-               var compareArr = ['return a', ' - b', ';'];
+                 if (node.tags.noexit !== 'yes') {
+                   var textDirection = _mainLocalizer.textDirection();
+                   var useLeftContinue = isFirst && textDirection === 'ltr' || !isFirst && textDirection === 'rtl';
+                   fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                     icon: 'iD-operation-continue' + (useLeftContinue ? '-left' : ''),
+                     title: _t.html('issues.fix.continue_from_' + (isFirst ? 'start' : 'end') + '.title'),
+                     onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                       var entityID = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                       var vertexID = this.issue.entityIds[1];
+                       var way = context.entity(entityID);
+                       var vertex = context.entity(vertexID);
+                       continueDrawing(way, vertex, context);
+                     }
+                   }));
+                 }
 
-               this.compareMinX = new Function('a', 'b', compareArr.join(format[0]));
-               this.compareMinY = new Function('a', 'b', compareArr.join(format[1]));
+                 return fixes;
+               },
+               loc: node.loc
+             })];
 
-               this.toBBox = new Function('a',
-                   'return {minX: a' + format[0] +
-                   ', minY: a' + format[1] +
-                   ', maxX: a' + format[2] +
-                   ', maxY: a' + format[3] + '};');
+             function getReference(referenceID) {
+               return function showReference(selection) {
+                 selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.impossible_oneway.' + referenceID + '.reference'));
+               };
+             }
            }
-       };
+         };
 
-       function findItem$1(item, items, equalsFn) {
-           if (!equalsFn) return items.indexOf(item);
+         function continueDrawing(way, vertex, context) {
+           // make sure the vertex is actually visible and editable
+           var map = context.map();
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
-               if (equalsFn(item, items[i])) return i;
+           if (!context.editable() || !map.trimmedExtent().contains(vertex.loc)) {
+             map.zoomToEase(vertex);
            }
-           return -1;
-       }
 
-       // calculate node's bbox from bboxes of its children
-       function calcBBox$1(node, toBBox) {
-           distBBox$1(node, 0, node.children.length, toBBox, node);
+           context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, context.graph(), 'line', way.affix(vertex.id), true));
+         }
+
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
        }
 
-       // min bounding rectangle of node children from k to p-1
-       function distBBox$1(node, k, p, toBBox, destNode) {
-           if (!destNode) destNode = createNode$1(null);
-           destNode.minX = Infinity;
-           destNode.minY = Infinity;
-           destNode.maxX = -Infinity;
-           destNode.maxY = -Infinity;
+       function validationIncompatibleSource() {
+         var type = 'incompatible_source';
+         var incompatibleRules = [{
+           id: 'amap',
+           regex: /(^amap$|^amap\.com|autonavi|mapabc|高德)/i
+         }, {
+           id: 'baidu',
+           regex: /(baidu|mapbar|百度)/i
+         }, {
+           id: 'google',
+           regex: /google/i,
+           exceptRegex: /((books|drive)\.google|google\s?(books|drive|plus))|(esri\/Google_Africa_Buildings)/i
+         }];
+
+         var validation = function checkIncompatibleSource(entity) {
+           var entitySources = entity.tags && entity.tags.source && entity.tags.source.split(';');
+           if (!entitySources) return [];
+           var entityID = entity.id;
+           return entitySources.map(function (source) {
+             var matchRule = incompatibleRules.find(function (rule) {
+               if (!rule.regex.test(source)) return false;
+               if (rule.exceptRegex && rule.exceptRegex.test(source)) return false;
+               return true;
+             });
+             if (!matchRule) return null;
+             return new validationIssue({
+               type: type,
+               severity: 'warning',
+               message: function message(context) {
+                 var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
+                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.incompatible_source.feature.message', {
+                   feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph(), true
+                   /* verbose */
+                   ),
+                   value: source
+                 }) : '';
+               },
+               reference: getReference(matchRule.id),
+               entityIds: [entityID],
+               hash: source,
+               dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+                 return [new validationIssueFix({
+                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.remove_proprietary_data.title')
+                 })];
+               }
+             });
+           }).filter(Boolean);
 
-           for (var i = k, child; i < p; i++) {
-               child = node.children[i];
-               extend$3(destNode, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
+           function getReference(id) {
+             return function showReference(selection) {
+               selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append("issues.incompatible_source.reference.".concat(id)));
+             };
            }
+         };
 
-           return destNode;
-       }
-
-       function extend$3(a, b) {
-           a.minX = Math.min(a.minX, b.minX);
-           a.minY = Math.min(a.minY, b.minY);
-           a.maxX = Math.max(a.maxX, b.maxX);
-           a.maxY = Math.max(a.maxY, b.maxY);
-           return a;
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
        }
 
-       function compareNodeMinX$1(a, b) { return a.minX - b.minX; }
-       function compareNodeMinY$1(a, b) { return a.minY - b.minY; }
+       function validationMaprules() {
+         var type = 'maprules';
 
-       function bboxArea$1(a)   { return (a.maxX - a.minX) * (a.maxY - a.minY); }
-       function bboxMargin$1(a) { return (a.maxX - a.minX) + (a.maxY - a.minY); }
+         var validation = function checkMaprules(entity, graph) {
+           if (!services.maprules) return [];
+           var rules = services.maprules.validationRules();
+           var issues = [];
 
-       function enlargedArea$1(a, b) {
-           return (Math.max(b.maxX, a.maxX) - Math.min(b.minX, a.minX)) *
-                  (Math.max(b.maxY, a.maxY) - Math.min(b.minY, a.minY));
-       }
+           for (var i = 0; i < rules.length; i++) {
+             var rule = rules[i];
+             rule.findIssues(entity, graph, issues);
+           }
 
-       function intersectionArea$1(a, b) {
-           var minX = Math.max(a.minX, b.minX),
-               minY = Math.max(a.minY, b.minY),
-               maxX = Math.min(a.maxX, b.maxX),
-               maxY = Math.min(a.maxY, b.maxY);
+           return issues;
+         };
 
-           return Math.max(0, maxX - minX) *
-                  Math.max(0, maxY - minY);
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
        }
 
-       function contains$2(a, b) {
-           return a.minX <= b.minX &&
-                  a.minY <= b.minY &&
-                  b.maxX <= a.maxX &&
-                  b.maxY <= a.maxY;
-       }
+       function validationMismatchedGeometry() {
+         var type = 'mismatched_geometry';
 
-       function intersects$1(a, b) {
-           return b.minX <= a.maxX &&
-                  b.minY <= a.maxY &&
-                  b.maxX >= a.minX &&
-                  b.maxY >= a.minY;
-       }
+         function tagSuggestingLineIsArea(entity) {
+           if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.isClosed()) return null;
+           var tagSuggestingArea = entity.tagSuggestingArea();
 
-       function createNode$1(children) {
-           return {
-               children: children,
-               height: 1,
-               leaf: true,
-               minX: Infinity,
-               minY: Infinity,
-               maxX: -Infinity,
-               maxY: -Infinity
-           };
-       }
+           if (!tagSuggestingArea) {
+             return null;
+           }
 
-       // sort an array so that items come in groups of n unsorted items, with groups sorted between each other;
-       // combines selection algorithm with binary divide & conquer approach
+           var asLine = _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(tagSuggestingArea, 'line');
+           var asArea = _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(tagSuggestingArea, 'area');
 
-       function multiSelect$1(arr, left, right, n, compare) {
-           var stack = [left, right],
-               mid;
+           if (asLine && asArea && asLine === asArea) {
+             // these tags also allow lines and making this an area wouldn't matter
+             return null;
+           }
 
-           while (stack.length) {
-               right = stack.pop();
-               left = stack.pop();
+           return tagSuggestingArea;
+         }
 
-               if (right - left <= n) continue;
+         function makeConnectEndpointsFixOnClick(way, graph) {
+           // must have at least three nodes to close this automatically
+           if (way.nodes.length < 3) return null;
+           var nodes = graph.childNodes(way),
+               testNodes;
+           var firstToLastDistanceMeters = geoSphericalDistance(nodes[0].loc, nodes[nodes.length - 1].loc); // if the distance is very small, attempt to merge the endpoints
 
-               mid = left + Math.ceil((right - left) / n / 2) * n;
-               quickselect$1(arr, mid, left, right, compare);
+           if (firstToLastDistanceMeters < 0.75) {
+             testNodes = nodes.slice(); // shallow copy
 
-               stack.push(left, mid, mid, right);
-           }
-       }
-       rbush_1.default = _default$2;
+             testNodes.pop();
+             testNodes.push(testNodes[0]); // make sure this will not create a self-intersection
 
-       var lineclip_1$1 = lineclip$1;
+             if (!geoHasSelfIntersections(testNodes, testNodes[0].id)) {
+               return function (context) {
+                 var way = context.entity(this.issue.entityIds[0]);
+                 context.perform(actionMergeNodes([way.nodes[0], way.nodes[way.nodes.length - 1]], nodes[0].loc), _t('issues.fix.connect_endpoints.annotation'));
+               };
+             }
+           } // if the points were not merged, attempt to close the way
 
-       lineclip$1.polyline = lineclip$1;
-       lineclip$1.polygon = polygonclip$1;
 
+           testNodes = nodes.slice(); // shallow copy
 
-       // Cohen-Sutherland line clippign algorithm, adapted to efficiently
-       // handle polylines rather than just segments
+           testNodes.push(testNodes[0]); // make sure this will not create a self-intersection
 
-       function lineclip$1(points, bbox, result) {
+           if (!geoHasSelfIntersections(testNodes, testNodes[0].id)) {
+             return function (context) {
+               var wayId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+               var way = context.entity(wayId);
+               var nodeId = way.nodes[0];
+               var index = way.nodes.length;
+               context.perform(actionAddVertex(wayId, nodeId, index), _t('issues.fix.connect_endpoints.annotation'));
+             };
+           }
+         }
 
-           var len = points.length,
-               codeA = bitCode$1(points[0], bbox),
-               part = [],
-               i, a, b, codeB, lastCode;
+         function lineTaggedAsAreaIssue(entity) {
+           var tagSuggestingArea = tagSuggestingLineIsArea(entity);
+           if (!tagSuggestingArea) return null;
+           return new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: 'area_as_line',
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               return entity ? _t.html('issues.tag_suggests_area.message', {
+                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, 'area', true
+                 /* verbose */
+                 ),
+                 tag: utilTagText({
+                   tags: tagSuggestingArea
+                 })
+               }) : '';
+             },
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: [entity.id],
+             hash: JSON.stringify(tagSuggestingArea),
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes(context) {
+               var fixes = [];
+               var entity = context.entity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               var connectEndsOnClick = makeConnectEndpointsFixOnClick(entity, context.graph());
+               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.connect_endpoints.title'),
+                 onClick: connectEndsOnClick
+               }));
+               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.remove_tag.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                   var entity = context.entity(entityId);
+                   var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-           if (!result) result = [];
+                   for (var key in tagSuggestingArea) {
+                     delete tags[key];
+                   }
 
-           for (i = 1; i < len; i++) {
-               a = points[i - 1];
-               b = points[i];
-               codeB = lastCode = bitCode$1(b, bbox);
+                   context.perform(actionChangeTags(entityId, tags), _t('issues.fix.remove_tag.annotation'));
+                 }
+               }));
+               return fixes;
+             }
+           });
 
-               while (true) {
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.tag_suggests_area.reference'));
+           }
+         }
 
-                   if (!(codeA | codeB)) { // accept
-                       part.push(a);
+         function vertexPointIssue(entity, graph) {
+           // we only care about nodes
+           if (entity.type !== 'node') return null; // ignore tagless points
 
-                       if (codeB !== lastCode) { // segment went outside
-                           part.push(b);
+           if (Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0) return null; // address lines are special so just ignore them
 
-                           if (i < len - 1) { // start a new line
-                               result.push(part);
-                               part = [];
-                           }
-                       } else if (i === len - 1) {
-                           part.push(b);
-                       }
-                       break;
+           if (entity.isOnAddressLine(graph)) return null;
+           var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+           var allowedGeometries = osmNodeGeometriesForTags(entity.tags);
 
-                   } else if (codeA & codeB) { // trivial reject
-                       break;
+           if (geometry === 'point' && !allowedGeometries.point && allowedGeometries.vertex) {
+             return new validationIssue({
+               type: type,
+               subtype: 'vertex_as_point',
+               severity: 'warning',
+               message: function message(context) {
+                 var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.vertex_as_point.message', {
+                   feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, 'vertex', true
+                   /* verbose */
+                   )
+                 }) : '';
+               },
+               reference: function showReference(selection) {
+                 selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.vertex_as_point.reference'));
+               },
+               entityIds: [entity.id]
+             });
+           } else if (geometry === 'vertex' && !allowedGeometries.vertex && allowedGeometries.point) {
+             return new validationIssue({
+               type: type,
+               subtype: 'point_as_vertex',
+               severity: 'warning',
+               message: function message(context) {
+                 var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.point_as_vertex.message', {
+                   feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, 'point', true
+                   /* verbose */
+                   )
+                 }) : '';
+               },
+               reference: function showReference(selection) {
+                 selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.point_as_vertex.reference'));
+               },
+               entityIds: [entity.id],
+               dynamicFixes: extractPointDynamicFixes
+             });
+           }
 
-                   } else if (codeA) { // a outside, intersect with clip edge
-                       a = intersect$1(a, b, codeA, bbox);
-                       codeA = bitCode$1(a, bbox);
+           return null;
+         }
 
-                   } else { // b outside
-                       b = intersect$1(a, b, codeB, bbox);
-                       codeB = bitCode$1(b, bbox);
-                   }
-               }
+         function otherMismatchIssue(entity, graph) {
+           // ignore boring features
+           if (!entity.hasInterestingTags()) return null;
+           if (entity.type !== 'node' && entity.type !== 'way') return null; // address lines are special so just ignore them
+
+           if (entity.type === 'node' && entity.isOnAddressLine(graph)) return null;
+           var sourceGeom = entity.geometry(graph);
+           var targetGeoms = entity.type === 'way' ? ['point', 'vertex'] : ['line', 'area'];
+           if (sourceGeom === 'area') targetGeoms.unshift('line');
+           var asSource = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+           var targetGeom = targetGeoms.find(function (nodeGeom) {
+             var asTarget = _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(entity.tags, nodeGeom);
+             if (!asSource || !asTarget || asSource === asTarget || // sometimes there are two presets with the same tags for different geometries
+             fastDeepEqual(asSource.tags, asTarget.tags)) return false;
+             if (asTarget.isFallback()) return false;
+             var primaryKey = Object.keys(asTarget.tags)[0]; // special case: buildings-as-points are discouraged by iD, but common in OSM, so ignore them
+
+             if (primaryKey === 'building') return false;
+             if (asTarget.tags[primaryKey] === '*') return false;
+             return asSource.isFallback() || asSource.tags[primaryKey] === '*';
+           });
+           if (!targetGeom) return null;
+           var subtype = targetGeom + '_as_' + sourceGeom;
+           if (targetGeom === 'vertex') targetGeom = 'point';
+           if (sourceGeom === 'vertex') sourceGeom = 'point';
+           var referenceId = targetGeom + '_as_' + sourceGeom;
+           var dynamicFixes;
 
-               codeA = lastCode;
+           if (targetGeom === 'point') {
+             dynamicFixes = extractPointDynamicFixes;
+           } else if (sourceGeom === 'area' && targetGeom === 'line') {
+             dynamicFixes = lineToAreaDynamicFixes;
            }
 
-           if (part.length) result.push(part);
-
-           return result;
-       }
-
-       // Sutherland-Hodgeman polygon clipping algorithm
+           return new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: subtype,
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               return entity ? _t.html('issues.' + referenceId + '.message', {
+                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, targetGeom, true
+                 /* verbose */
+                 )
+               }) : '';
+             },
+             reference: function showReference(selection) {
+               selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.mismatched_geometry.reference'));
+             },
+             entityIds: [entity.id],
+             dynamicFixes: dynamicFixes
+           });
+         }
 
-       function polygonclip$1(points, bbox) {
+         function lineToAreaDynamicFixes(context) {
+           var convertOnClick;
+           var entityId = this.entityIds[0];
+           var entity = context.entity(entityId);
+           var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-           var result, edge, prev, prevInside, i, p, inside;
+           delete tags.area;
 
-           // clip against each side of the clip rectangle
-           for (edge = 1; edge <= 8; edge *= 2) {
-               result = [];
-               prev = points[points.length - 1];
-               prevInside = !(bitCode$1(prev, bbox) & edge);
+           if (!osmTagSuggestingArea(tags)) {
+             // if removing the area tag would make this a line, offer that as a quick fix
+             convertOnClick = function convertOnClick(context) {
+               var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+               var entity = context.entity(entityId);
+               var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-               for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
-                   p = points[i];
-                   inside = !(bitCode$1(p, bbox) & edge);
+               if (tags.area) {
+                 delete tags.area;
+               }
 
-                   // if segment goes through the clip window, add an intersection
-                   if (inside !== prevInside) result.push(intersect$1(prev, p, edge, bbox));
+               context.perform(actionChangeTags(entityId, tags), _t('issues.fix.convert_to_line.annotation'));
+             };
+           }
 
-                   if (inside) result.push(p); // add a point if it's inside
+           return [new validationIssueFix({
+             icon: 'iD-icon-line',
+             title: _t.html('issues.fix.convert_to_line.title'),
+             onClick: convertOnClick
+           })];
+         }
 
-                   prev = p;
-                   prevInside = inside;
-               }
+         function extractPointDynamicFixes(context) {
+           var entityId = this.entityIds[0];
+           var extractOnClick = null;
 
-               points = result;
+           if (!context.hasHiddenConnections(entityId)) {
+             extractOnClick = function extractOnClick(context) {
+               var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+               var action = actionExtract(entityId, context.projection);
+               context.perform(action, _t('operations.extract.annotation', {
+                 n: 1
+               })); // re-enter mode to trigger updates
 
-               if (!points.length) break;
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [action.getExtractedNodeID()]));
+             };
            }
 
-           return result;
-       }
-
-       // intersect a segment against one of the 4 lines that make up the bbox
+           return [new validationIssueFix({
+             icon: 'iD-operation-extract',
+             title: _t.html('issues.fix.extract_point.title'),
+             onClick: extractOnClick
+           })];
+         }
 
-       function intersect$1(a, b, edge, bbox) {
-           return edge & 8 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[3] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[3]] : // top
-                  edge & 4 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[1] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[1]] : // bottom
-                  edge & 2 ? [bbox[2], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[2] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] : // right
-                  edge & 1 ? [bbox[0], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[0] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] : // left
-                  null;
-       }
+         function unclosedMultipolygonPartIssues(entity, graph) {
+           if (entity.type !== 'relation' || !entity.isMultipolygon() || entity.isDegenerate() || // cannot determine issues for incompletely-downloaded relations
+           !entity.isComplete(graph)) return [];
+           var sequences = osmJoinWays(entity.members, graph);
+           var issues = [];
 
-       // bit code reflects the point position relative to the bbox:
+           for (var i in sequences) {
+             var sequence = sequences[i];
+             if (!sequence.nodes) continue;
+             var firstNode = sequence.nodes[0];
+             var lastNode = sequence.nodes[sequence.nodes.length - 1]; // part is closed if the first and last nodes are the same
 
-       //         left  mid  right
-       //    top  1001  1000  1010
-       //    mid  0001  0000  0010
-       // bottom  0101  0100  0110
+             if (firstNode === lastNode) continue;
+             var issue = new validationIssue({
+               type: type,
+               subtype: 'unclosed_multipolygon_part',
+               severity: 'warning',
+               message: function message(context) {
+                 var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+                 return entity ? _t.html('issues.unclosed_multipolygon_part.message', {
+                   feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph(), true
+                   /* verbose */
+                   )
+                 }) : '';
+               },
+               reference: showReference,
+               loc: sequence.nodes[0].loc,
+               entityIds: [entity.id],
+               hash: sequence.map(function (way) {
+                 return way.id;
+               }).join()
+             });
+             issues.push(issue);
+           }
 
-       function bitCode$1(p, bbox) {
-           var code = 0;
+           return issues;
 
-           if (p[0] < bbox[0]) code |= 1; // left
-           else if (p[0] > bbox[2]) code |= 2; // right
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.unclosed_multipolygon_part.reference'));
+           }
+         }
 
-           if (p[1] < bbox[1]) code |= 4; // bottom
-           else if (p[1] > bbox[3]) code |= 8; // top
+         var validation = function checkMismatchedGeometry(entity, graph) {
+           var vertexPoint = vertexPointIssue(entity, graph);
+           if (vertexPoint) return [vertexPoint];
+           var lineAsArea = lineTaggedAsAreaIssue(entity);
+           if (lineAsArea) return [lineAsArea];
+           var mismatch = otherMismatchIssue(entity, graph);
+           if (mismatch) return [mismatch];
+           return unclosedMultipolygonPartIssues(entity, graph);
+         };
 
-           return code;
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
        }
 
-       var whichPolygon_1 = whichPolygon;
+       function validationMissingRole() {
+         var type = 'missing_role';
 
-       function whichPolygon(data) {
-           var bboxes = [];
-           for (var i = 0; i < data.features.length; i++) {
-               var feature = data.features[i];
-               var coords = feature.geometry.coordinates;
+         var validation = function checkMissingRole(entity, graph) {
+           var issues = [];
 
-               if (feature.geometry.type === 'Polygon') {
-                   bboxes.push(treeItem(coords, feature.properties));
+           if (entity.type === 'way') {
+             graph.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function (relation) {
+               if (!relation.isMultipolygon()) return;
+               var member = relation.memberById(entity.id);
 
-               } else if (feature.geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
-                   for (var j = 0; j < coords.length; j++) {
-                       bboxes.push(treeItem(coords[j], feature.properties));
-                   }
+               if (member && isMissingRole(member)) {
+                 issues.push(makeIssue(entity, relation, member));
                }
-           }
-
-           var tree = rbush_1().load(bboxes);
+             });
+           } else if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
+             entity.indexedMembers().forEach(function (member) {
+               var way = graph.hasEntity(member.id);
 
-           function query(p, multi) {
-               var output = [],
-                   result = tree.search({
-                       minX: p[0],
-                       minY: p[1],
-                       maxX: p[0],
-                       maxY: p[1]
-                   });
-               for (var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
-                   if (insidePolygon(result[i].coords, p)) {
-                       if (multi)
-                           output.push(result[i].props);
-                       else
-                           return result[i].props;
-                   }
+               if (way && isMissingRole(member)) {
+                 issues.push(makeIssue(way, entity, member));
                }
-               return multi && output.length ? output : null;
+             });
            }
 
-           query.tree = tree;
-           query.bbox = function queryBBox(bbox) {
-               var output = [];
-               var result = tree.search({
-                   minX: bbox[0],
-                   minY: bbox[1],
-                   maxX: bbox[2],
-                   maxY: bbox[3]
-               });
-               for (var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
-                   if (polygonIntersectsBBox(result[i].coords, bbox)) {
-                       output.push(result[i].props);
-                   }
-               }
-               return output;
-           };
+           return issues;
+         };
 
-           return query;
-       }
+         function isMissingRole(member) {
+           return !member.role || !member.role.trim().length;
+         }
 
-       function polygonIntersectsBBox(polygon, bbox) {
-           var bboxCenter = [
-               (bbox[0] + bbox[2]) / 2,
-               (bbox[1] + bbox[3]) / 2
-           ];
-           if (insidePolygon(polygon, bboxCenter)) return true;
-           for (var i = 0; i < polygon.length; i++) {
-               if (lineclip_1$1(polygon[i], bbox).length > 0) return true;
-           }
-           return false;
-       }
+         function makeIssue(way, relation, member) {
+           return new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var member = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]),
+                   relation = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               return member && relation ? _t.html('issues.missing_role.message', {
+                 member: utilDisplayLabel(member, context.graph()),
+                 relation: utilDisplayLabel(relation, context.graph())
+               }) : '';
+             },
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: [relation.id, way.id],
+             data: {
+               member: member
+             },
+             hash: member.index.toString(),
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+               return [makeAddRoleFix('inner'), makeAddRoleFix('outer'), new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.remove_from_relation.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   context.perform(actionDeleteMember(this.issue.entityIds[0], this.issue.data.member.index), _t('operations.delete_member.annotation', {
+                     n: 1
+                   }));
+                 }
+               })];
+             }
+           });
 
-       // ray casting algorithm for detecting if point is in polygon
-       function insidePolygon(rings, p) {
-           var inside = false;
-           for (var i = 0, len = rings.length; i < len; i++) {
-               var ring = rings[i];
-               for (var j = 0, len2 = ring.length, k = len2 - 1; j < len2; k = j++) {
-                   if (rayIntersect(p, ring[j], ring[k])) inside = !inside;
-               }
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.missing_role.multipolygon.reference'));
            }
-           return inside;
-       }
-
-       function rayIntersect(p, p1, p2) {
-           return ((p1[1] > p[1]) !== (p2[1] > p[1])) && (p[0] < (p2[0] - p1[0]) * (p[1] - p1[1]) / (p2[1] - p1[1]) + p1[0]);
-       }
+         }
 
-       function treeItem(coords, props) {
-           var item = {
-               minX: Infinity,
-               minY: Infinity,
-               maxX: -Infinity,
-               maxY: -Infinity,
-               coords: coords,
-               props: props
-           };
+         function makeAddRoleFix(role) {
+           return new validationIssueFix({
+             title: _t.html('issues.fix.set_as_' + role + '.title'),
+             onClick: function onClick(context) {
+               var oldMember = this.issue.data.member;
+               var member = {
+                 id: this.issue.entityIds[1],
+                 type: oldMember.type,
+                 role: role
+               };
+               context.perform(actionChangeMember(this.issue.entityIds[0], member, oldMember.index), _t('operations.change_role.annotation', {
+                 n: 1
+               }));
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < coords[0].length; i++) {
-               var p = coords[0][i];
-               item.minX = Math.min(item.minX, p[0]);
-               item.minY = Math.min(item.minY, p[1]);
-               item.maxX = Math.max(item.maxX, p[0]);
-               item.maxY = Math.max(item.maxY, p[1]);
-           }
-           return item;
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
        }
 
-       var type = "FeatureCollection";
-       var features = [{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"680",wikidata:"Q3405693",nameEn:"Sark",country:"GB",groups:["GG","830","154","150"],level:"subterritory",driveSide:"left",roadSpeedUnit:"mph",callingCodes:["44 01481"]},geometry:{type:"MultiPolygon",coordinates:[[[[-2.36485,49.48223],[-2.65349,49.15373],[-2.09454,49.46288],[-2.36485,49.48223]]]]}},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"001",wikidata:"Q2",nameEn:"World",aliases:["Earth","Planet"],level:"world"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"142",wikidata:"Q48",nameEn:"Asia",level:"region"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"143",wikidata:"Q27275",nameEn:"Central Asia",groups:["142"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"145",wikidata:"Q27293",nameEn:"Western Asia",groups:["142"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"150",wikidata:"Q46",nameEn:"Europe",level:"region"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"151",wikidata:"Q27468",nameEn:"Eastern Europe",groups:["150"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"154",wikidata:"Q27479",nameEn:"Northern Europe",groups:["150"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"155",wikidata:"Q27496",nameEn:"Western Europe",groups:["150"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"202",wikidata:"Q132959",nameEn:"Sub-Saharan Africa",groups:["002"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"419",wikidata:"Q72829598",nameEn:"Latin America and the Caribbean",groups:["019"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"830",wikidata:"Q42314",nameEn:"Channel Islands",groups:["150","154"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"019",wikidata:"Q828",nameEn:"Americas",level:"region"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"029",wikidata:"Q664609",nameEn:"Caribbean",groups:["419","019","003"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"034",wikidata:"Q771405",nameEn:"Southern Asia",groups:["142"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"002",wikidata:"Q15",nameEn:"Africa",level:"region"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"003",wikidata:"Q49",nameEn:"North America",groups:["019"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"017",wikidata:"Q27433",nameEn:"Middle Africa",groups:["202","002"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"039",wikidata:"Q27449",nameEn:"Southern Europe",groups:["150"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"005",wikidata:"Q18",nameEn:"South America",groups:["419","019"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"009",wikidata:"Q538",nameEn:"Oceania",level:"region"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"061",wikidata:"Q35942",nameEn:"Polynesia",groups:["009"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"014",wikidata:"Q27407",nameEn:"Eastern Africa",groups:["202","002"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"053",wikidata:"Q45256",nameEn:"Australia and New Zealand",aliases:["Australasia"],groups:["009"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"011",wikidata:"Q4412",nameEn:"Western Africa",groups:["202","002"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"013",wikidata:"Q27611",nameEn:"Central America",groups:["419","019","003"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"021",wikidata:"Q2017699",nameEn:"Northern America",groups:["019","003"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"035",wikidata:"Q11708",nameEn:"South-eastern Asia",groups:["142"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"018",wikidata:"Q27394",nameEn:"Southern Africa",groups:["202","002"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"030",wikidata:"Q27231",nameEn:"Eastern Asia",groups:["142"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"015",wikidata:"Q27381",nameEn:"Northern Africa",groups:["002"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"054",wikidata:"Q37394",nameEn:"Melanesia",groups:["009"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"057",wikidata:"Q3359409",nameEn:"Micronesia",groups:["009"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{iso1A2:"AC",iso1A3:"ASC",wikidata:"Q46197",nameEn:"Ascension Island",country:"GB",groups:["SH","011","202","002"],isoStatus:"excRes",driveSide:"left",roadSpeedUnit:"mph",callingCodes:["247"]},geometry:{type:"MultiPolygon",coordinates:[[[[-14.82771,-8.70814],[-13.33271,-8.07391],[-14.91926,-6.63386],[-14.82771,-8.70814]]]]}},{type:"Feature",properties:{iso1A2:"AD",iso1A3:"AND",iso1N3:"020",wikidata:"Q228",nameEn:"Andorra",groups:["039","150"],callingCo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-       var rawBorders = {
-       type: type,
-       features: features
-       };
-
-       let borders = rawBorders;
-       let whichPolygonGetter = {};
-       let featuresByCode = {};
-       let idFilterRegex = /\bThe\b|\bthe\b|\band\b|\bof\b|[-_ .,()&[\]/]/g;
-       let levels = [
-         'subterritory',
-         'territory',
-         'country',
-         'intermediateRegion',
-         'subregion',
-         'region',
-         'union',
-         'world'
-       ];
-       loadDerivedDataAndCaches(borders);
-       function loadDerivedDataAndCaches(borders) {
-         let identifierProps = ['iso1A2', 'iso1A3', 'm49', 'wikidata', 'emojiFlag', 'nameEn'];
-         let geometryFeatures = [];
-         for (let i in borders.features) {
-           let feature = borders.features[i];
-           feature.properties.id = feature.properties.iso1A2 || feature.properties.m49;
-           loadM49(feature);
-           loadIsoStatus(feature);
-           loadLevel(feature);
-           loadGroups(feature);
-           loadRoadSpeedUnit(feature);
-           loadDriveSide(feature);
-           loadFlag(feature);
-           cacheFeatureByIDs(feature);
-           if (feature.geometry) geometryFeatures.push(feature);
-         }
-         for (let i in borders.features) {
-           let feature = borders.features[i];
-           feature.properties.groups.sort(function(groupID1, groupID2) {
-             return (
-               levels.indexOf(featuresByCode[groupID1].properties.level) -
-               levels.indexOf(featuresByCode[groupID2].properties.level)
-             );
+       function validationMissingTag(context) {
+         var type = 'missing_tag';
+
+         function hasDescriptiveTags(entity, graph) {
+           var onlyAttributeKeys = ['description', 'name', 'note', 'start_date'];
+           var entityDescriptiveKeys = Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(function (k) {
+             if (k === 'area' || !osmIsInterestingTag(k)) return false;
+             return !onlyAttributeKeys.some(function (attributeKey) {
+               return k === attributeKey || k.indexOf(attributeKey + ':') === 0;
+             });
            });
-           loadMembersForGroupsOf(feature);
-         }
-         let geometryOnlyCollection = {
-           type: 'RegionFeatureCollection',
-           features: geometryFeatures
-         };
-         whichPolygonGetter = whichPolygon_1(geometryOnlyCollection);
-         function loadGroups(feature) {
-           let props = feature.properties;
-           if (!props.groups) {
-             props.groups = [];
-           }
-           if (props.country) {
-             props.groups.push(props.country);
-           }
-           if (props.m49 !== '001') {
-             props.groups.push('001');
-           }
-         }
-         function loadM49(feature) {
-           let props = feature.properties;
-           if (!props.m49 && props.iso1N3) {
-             props.m49 = props.iso1N3;
-           }
-         }
-         function loadIsoStatus(feature) {
-           let props = feature.properties;
-           if (!props.isoStatus && props.iso1A2) {
-             props.isoStatus = 'official';
-           }
-         }
-         function loadLevel(feature) {
-           let props = feature.properties;
-           if (props.level) return;
-           if (!props.country) {
-             props.level = 'country';
-           } else if (props.isoStatus === 'official') {
-             props.level = 'territory';
-           } else {
-             props.level = 'subterritory';
-           }
-         }
-         function loadRoadSpeedUnit(feature) {
-           let props = feature.properties;
-           if (props.roadSpeedUnit === undefined && props.iso1A2 && props.iso1A2 !== 'EU') {
-             props.roadSpeedUnit = 'km/h';
-           }
-         }
-         function loadDriveSide(feature) {
-           let props = feature.properties;
-           if (props.driveSide === undefined && props.iso1A2 && props.iso1A2 !== 'EU') {
-             props.driveSide = 'right';
+
+           if (entity.type === 'relation' && entityDescriptiveKeys.length === 1 && entity.tags.type === 'multipolygon') {
+             // this relation's only interesting tag just says its a multipolygon,
+             // which is not descriptive enough
+             // It's okay for a simple multipolygon to have no descriptive tags
+             // if its outer way has them (old model, see `outdated_tags.js`)
+             return osmOldMultipolygonOuterMemberOfRelation(entity, graph);
            }
+
+           return entityDescriptiveKeys.length > 0;
          }
-         function loadFlag(feature) {
-           if (!feature.properties.iso1A2) return;
-           let flag = feature.properties.iso1A2.replace(/./g, function(char) {
-             return String.fromCodePoint(char.charCodeAt(0) + 127397);
-           });
-           feature.properties.emojiFlag = flag;
+
+         function isUnknownRoad(entity) {
+           return entity.type === 'way' && entity.tags.highway === 'road';
          }
-         function loadMembersForGroupsOf(feature) {
-           let featureID = feature.properties.id;
-           let standardizedGroupIDs = [];
-           for (let j in feature.properties.groups) {
-             let groupID = feature.properties.groups[j];
-             let groupFeature = featuresByCode[groupID];
-             standardizedGroupIDs.push(groupFeature.properties.id);
-             if (groupFeature.properties.members) {
-               groupFeature.properties.members.push(featureID);
-             } else {
-               groupFeature.properties.members = [featureID];
-             }
-           }
-           feature.properties.groups = standardizedGroupIDs;
+
+         function isUntypedRelation(entity) {
+           return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.tags.type;
          }
-         function cacheFeatureByIDs(feature) {
-           for (let k in identifierProps) {
-             let prop = identifierProps[k];
-             let id = prop && feature.properties[prop];
-             if (id) {
-               id = id.replace(idFilterRegex, '').toUpperCase();
-               featuresByCode[id] = feature;
-             }
-           }
-           if (feature.properties.aliases) {
-             for (let j in feature.properties.aliases) {
-               let alias = feature.properties.aliases[j].replace(idFilterRegex, '').toUpperCase();
-               featuresByCode[alias] = feature;
+
+         var validation = function checkMissingTag(entity, graph) {
+           var subtype;
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           var isUnloadedNode = entity.type === 'node' && osm && !osm.isDataLoaded(entity.loc); // we can't know if the node is a vertex if the tile is undownloaded
+
+           if (!isUnloadedNode && // allow untagged nodes that are part of ways
+           entity.geometry(graph) !== 'vertex' && // allow untagged entities that are part of relations
+           !entity.hasParentRelations(graph)) {
+             if (Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0) {
+               subtype = 'any';
+             } else if (!hasDescriptiveTags(entity, graph)) {
+               subtype = 'descriptive';
+             } else if (isUntypedRelation(entity)) {
+               subtype = 'relation_type';
              }
+           } // flag an unknown road even if it's a member of a relation
+
+
+           if (!subtype && isUnknownRoad(entity)) {
+             subtype = 'highway_classification';
            }
-         }
-       }
-       function locArray(loc) {
-         if (Array.isArray(loc)) {
-           return loc;
-         } else if (loc.coordinates) {
-           return loc.coordinates;
-         }
-         return loc.geometry.coordinates;
-       }
-       function smallestFeature(loc) {
-         let query = locArray(loc);
-         let featureProperties = whichPolygonGetter(query);
-         if (!featureProperties) return null;
-         return featuresByCode[featureProperties.id];
-       }
-       function countryFeature(loc) {
-         let feature = smallestFeature(loc);
-         if (!feature) return null;
-         let countryCode = feature.properties.country || feature.properties.iso1A2;
-         return featuresByCode[countryCode];
-       }
-       function featureForLoc(loc, opts) {
-         if (opts && opts.level && opts.level !== 'country') {
-           let features = featuresContaining(loc);
-           let targetLevel = opts.level;
-           let targetLevelIndex = levels.indexOf(targetLevel);
-           if (targetLevelIndex === -1) return null;
-           for (let i in features) {
-             let feature = features[i];
-             if (
-               feature.properties.level === targetLevel ||
-               levels.indexOf(feature.properties.level) > targetLevelIndex
-             ) {
-               return feature;
+
+           if (!subtype) return [];
+           var messageID = subtype === 'highway_classification' ? 'unknown_road' : 'missing_tag.' + subtype;
+           var referenceID = subtype === 'highway_classification' ? 'unknown_road' : 'missing_tag'; // can always delete if the user created it in the first place..
+
+           var canDelete = entity.version === undefined || entity.v !== undefined;
+           var severity = canDelete && subtype !== 'highway_classification' ? 'error' : 'warning';
+           return [new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: subtype,
+             severity: severity,
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               return entity ? _t.html('issues.' + messageID + '.message', {
+                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
+               }) : '';
+             },
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: [entity.id],
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes(context) {
+               var fixes = [];
+               var selectFixType = subtype === 'highway_classification' ? 'select_road_type' : 'select_preset';
+               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-icon-search',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.' + selectFixType + '.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   context.ui().sidebar.showPresetList();
+                 }
+               }));
+               var deleteOnClick;
+               var id = this.entityIds[0];
+               var operation = operationDelete(context, [id]);
+               var disabledReasonID = operation.disabled();
+
+               if (!disabledReasonID) {
+                 deleteOnClick = function deleteOnClick(context) {
+                   var id = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                   var operation = operationDelete(context, [id]);
+
+                   if (!operation.disabled()) {
+                     operation();
+                   }
+                 };
+               }
+
+               fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.delete_feature.title'),
+                 disabledReason: disabledReasonID ? _t('operations.delete.' + disabledReasonID + '.single') : undefined,
+                 onClick: deleteOnClick
+               }));
+               return fixes;
              }
+           })];
+
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.' + referenceID + '.reference'));
            }
-           return null;
-         }
-         return countryFeature(loc);
-       }
-       function featureForID(id) {
-         let stringID;
-         if (typeof id === 'number') {
-           stringID = id.toString();
-           if (stringID.length === 1) {
-             stringID = '00' + stringID;
-           } else if (stringID.length === 2) {
-             stringID = '0' + stringID;
-           }
-         } else {
-           stringID = id.replace(idFilterRegex, '').toUpperCase();
-         }
-         return featuresByCode[stringID] || null;
-       }
-       function smallestOrMatchingFeature(query) {
-         if (typeof query === 'object') {
-           return smallestFeature(query);
-         }
-         return featureForID(query);
-       }
-       function feature(query, opts) {
-         if (typeof query === 'object') {
-           return featureForLoc(query, opts);
-         }
-         return featureForID(query);
-       }
-       function iso1A2Code(query, opts) {
-         let match = feature(query, opts);
-         if (!match) return null;
-         return match.properties.iso1A2 || null;
-       }
-       function featuresContaining(query, strict) {
-         let feature = smallestOrMatchingFeature(query);
-         if (!feature) return [];
-         let features = [];
-         if (!strict || typeof query === 'object') {
-           features.push(feature);
-         }
-         let properties = feature.properties;
-         for (let i in properties.groups) {
-           let groupID = properties.groups[i];
-           features.push(featuresByCode[groupID]);
-         }
-         return features;
-       }
-       function roadSpeedUnit(query) {
-         let feature = smallestOrMatchingFeature(query);
-         return (feature && feature.properties.roadSpeedUnit) || null;
-       }
+         };
 
-       let _dataDeprecated;
-       let _nsi;
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
+       }
 
        function validationOutdatedTags() {
-         const type = 'outdated_tags';
-         const nsiKeys = ['amenity', 'shop', 'tourism', 'leisure', 'office'];
-
-         // A concern here in switching to async data means that `_dataDeprecated`
-         // and `_nsi` will not be available at first, so the data on early tiles
-         // may not have tags validated fully.
-
-         // initialize deprecated tags array
-         _mainFileFetcher.get('deprecated')
-           .then(d => _dataDeprecated = d)
-           .catch(() => { /* ignore */ });
-
-         _mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_brands')
-           .then(d => {
-             _nsi = {
-               brands: d.brands,
-               matcher: matcher$1(),
-               wikidata: {},
-               wikipedia: {}
-             };
+         var type = 'outdated_tags';
+         var _waitingForDeprecated = true;
 
-             // initialize name-suggestion-index matcher
-             _nsi.matcher.buildMatchIndex(d.brands);
-
-             // index all known wikipedia and wikidata tags
-             Object.keys(d.brands).forEach(kvnd => {
-               const brand = d.brands[kvnd];
-               const wd = brand.tags['brand:wikidata'];
-               const wp = brand.tags['brand:wikipedia'];
-               if (wd) { _nsi.wikidata[wd] = kvnd; }
-               if (wp) { _nsi.wikipedia[wp] = kvnd; }
-             });
+         var _dataDeprecated; // fetch deprecated tags
 
-             return _nsi;
-           })
-           .catch(() => { /* ignore */ });
 
+         _mainFileFetcher.get('deprecated').then(function (d) {
+           return _dataDeprecated = d;
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
+         })["finally"](function () {
+           return _waitingForDeprecated = false;
+         });
 
          function oldTagIssues(entity, graph) {
-           const oldTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);  // shallow copy
-           let preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
-           let subtype = 'deprecated_tags';
+           var oldTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
+
+           var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+           var subtype = 'deprecated_tags';
            if (!preset) return [];
+           if (!entity.hasInterestingTags()) return []; // Upgrade preset, if a replacement is available..
 
-           // upgrade preset..
            if (preset.replacement) {
-             const newPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item(preset.replacement);
-             graph = actionChangePreset(entity.id, preset, newPreset, true /* skip field defaults */)(graph);
+             var newPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item(preset.replacement);
+             graph = actionChangePreset(entity.id, preset, newPreset, true
+             /* skip field defaults */
+             )(graph);
              entity = graph.entity(entity.id);
              preset = newPreset;
-           }
+           } // Upgrade deprecated tags..
+
 
-           // upgrade tags..
            if (_dataDeprecated) {
-             const deprecatedTags = entity.deprecatedTags(_dataDeprecated);
+             var deprecatedTags = entity.deprecatedTags(_dataDeprecated);
+
              if (deprecatedTags.length) {
-               deprecatedTags.forEach(tag => {
+               deprecatedTags.forEach(function (tag) {
                  graph = actionUpgradeTags(entity.id, tag.old, tag.replace)(graph);
                });
                entity = graph.entity(entity.id);
              }
-           }
+           } // Add missing addTags from the detected preset
+
+
+           var newTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-           // add missing addTags..
-           let newTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);  // shallow copy
            if (preset.tags !== preset.addTags) {
-             Object.keys(preset.addTags).forEach(k => {
+             Object.keys(preset.addTags).forEach(function (k) {
                if (!newTags[k]) {
                  if (preset.addTags[k] === '*') {
                    newTags[k] = 'yes';
                  }
                }
              });
-           }
-
-           if (_nsi) {
-             // Do `wikidata` or `wikipedia` identify this entity as a brand?  #6416
-             // If so, these tags can be swapped to `brand:wikidata`/`brand:wikipedia`
-             let isBrand;
-             if (newTags.wikidata) {                 // try matching `wikidata`
-               isBrand = _nsi.wikidata[newTags.wikidata];
-             }
-             if (!isBrand && newTags.wikipedia) {    // fallback to `wikipedia`
-               isBrand = _nsi.wikipedia[newTags.wikipedia];
-             }
-             if (isBrand && !newTags.office) {       // but avoid doing this for corporate offices
-               if (newTags.wikidata) {
-                 newTags['brand:wikidata'] = newTags.wikidata;
-                 delete newTags.wikidata;
-               }
-               if (newTags.wikipedia) {
-                 newTags['brand:wikipedia'] = newTags.wikipedia;
-                 delete newTags.wikipedia;
-               }
-               // I considered setting `name` and other tags here, but they aren't unique per wikidata
-               // (Q2759586 -> in USA "Papa John's", in Russia "Папа Джонс")
-               // So users will really need to use a preset or assign `name` themselves.
-             }
-
-             // try key/value|name match against name-suggestion-index
-             if (newTags.name) {
-               for (let i = 0; i < nsiKeys.length; i++) {
-                 const k = nsiKeys[i];
-                 if (!newTags[k]) continue;
+           } // Attempt to match a canonical record in the name-suggestion-index.
 
-                 const center = entity.extent(graph).center();
-                 const countryCode = iso1A2Code(center);
-                 const match = _nsi.matcher.matchKVN(k, newTags[k], newTags.name, countryCode && countryCode.toLowerCase());
-                 if (!match) continue;
 
-                 // for now skip ambiguous matches (like Target~(USA) vs Target~(Australia))
-                 if (match.d) continue;
+           var nsi = services.nsi;
+           var waitingForNsi = false;
+           var nsiResult;
 
-                 const brand = _nsi.brands[match.kvnd];
-                 if (brand && brand.tags['brand:wikidata'] &&
-                   brand.tags['brand:wikidata'] !== entity.tags['not:brand:wikidata']) {
-                   subtype = 'noncanonical_brand';
+           if (nsi) {
+             waitingForNsi = nsi.status() === 'loading';
 
-                   const keepTags = ['takeaway'].reduce((acc, k) => {
-                     if (newTags[k]) {
-                       acc[k] = newTags[k];
-                     }
-                     return acc;
-                   }, {});
+             if (!waitingForNsi) {
+               var loc = entity.extent(graph).center();
+               nsiResult = nsi.upgradeTags(newTags, loc);
 
-                   nsiKeys.forEach(k => delete newTags[k]);
-                   Object.assign(newTags, brand.tags, keepTags);
-                   break;
-                 }
+               if (nsiResult) {
+                 newTags = nsiResult.newTags;
+                 subtype = 'noncanonical_brand';
                }
              }
            }
 
-           // determine diff
-           const tagDiff = utilTagDiff(oldTags, newTags);
-           if (!tagDiff.length) return [];
+           var issues = [];
+           issues.provisional = _waitingForDeprecated || waitingForNsi; // determine diff
 
-           const isOnlyAddingTags = tagDiff.every(d => d.type === '+');
+           var tagDiff = utilTagDiff(oldTags, newTags);
+           if (!tagDiff.length) return issues;
+           var isOnlyAddingTags = tagDiff.every(function (d) {
+             return d.type === '+';
+           });
+           var prefix = '';
 
-           let prefix = '';
-           if (subtype === 'noncanonical_brand') {
+           if (nsiResult) {
              prefix = 'noncanonical_brand.';
            } else if (subtype === 'deprecated_tags' && isOnlyAddingTags) {
              subtype = 'incomplete_tags';
              prefix = 'incomplete.';
-           }
+           } // don't allow autofixing brand tags
 
-           // don't allow autofixing brand tags
-           let autoArgs = subtype !== 'noncanonical_brand' ? [doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.annotation')] : null;
 
-           return [new validationIssue({
+           var autoArgs = subtype !== 'noncanonical_brand' ? [doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.annotation')] : null;
+           issues.push(new validationIssue({
              type: type,
              subtype: subtype,
              severity: 'warning',
              message: showMessage,
              reference: showReference,
              entityIds: [entity.id],
-             hash: JSON.stringify(tagDiff),
-             dynamicFixes: () => {
-               return [
-                 new validationIssueFix({
-                   autoArgs: autoArgs,
-                   title: _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.title'),
-                   onClick: (context) => {
-                     context.perform(doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.annotation'));
+             hash: utilHashcode(JSON.stringify(tagDiff)),
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+               var fixes = [new validationIssueFix({
+                 autoArgs: autoArgs,
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   context.perform(doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.annotation'));
+                 }
+               })];
+               var item = nsiResult && nsiResult.matched;
+
+               if (item) {
+                 fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
+                   title: _t.html('issues.fix.tag_as_not.title', {
+                     name: item.displayName
+                   }),
+                   onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                     context.perform(addNotTag, _t('issues.fix.tag_as_not.annotation'));
                    }
-                 })
-               ];
-             }
-           })];
+                 }));
+               }
 
+               return fixes;
+             }
+           }));
+           return issues;
 
            function doUpgrade(graph) {
-             const currEntity = graph.hasEntity(entity.id);
+             var currEntity = graph.hasEntity(entity.id);
              if (!currEntity) return graph;
+             var newTags = Object.assign({}, currEntity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-             let newTags = Object.assign({}, currEntity.tags);  // shallow copy
-             tagDiff.forEach(diff => {
+             tagDiff.forEach(function (diff) {
                if (diff.type === '-') {
                  delete newTags[diff.key];
                } else if (diff.type === '+') {
                  newTags[diff.key] = diff.newVal;
                }
              });
-
              return actionChangeTags(currEntity.id, newTags)(graph);
            }
 
+           function addNotTag(graph) {
+             var currEntity = graph.hasEntity(entity.id);
+             if (!currEntity) return graph;
+             var item = nsiResult && nsiResult.matched;
+             if (!item) return graph;
+             var newTags = Object.assign({}, currEntity.tags); // shallow copy
+
+             var wd = item.mainTag; // e.g. `brand:wikidata`
+
+             var notwd = "not:".concat(wd); // e.g. `not:brand:wikidata`
+
+             var qid = item.tags[wd];
+             newTags[notwd] = qid;
+
+             if (newTags[wd] === qid) {
+               // if `brand:wikidata` was set to that qid
+               var wp = item.mainTag.replace('wikidata', 'wikipedia');
+               delete newTags[wd]; // remove `brand:wikidata`
+
+               delete newTags[wp]; // remove `brand:wikipedia`
+             }
+
+             return actionChangeTags(currEntity.id, newTags)(graph);
+           }
 
            function showMessage(context) {
-             const currEntity = context.hasEntity(entity.id);
+             var currEntity = context.hasEntity(entity.id);
              if (!currEntity) return '';
+             var messageID = "issues.outdated_tags.".concat(prefix, "message");
 
-             let messageID = `issues.outdated_tags.${prefix}message`;
              if (subtype === 'noncanonical_brand' && isOnlyAddingTags) {
                messageID += '_incomplete';
              }
-             return _t(messageID, { feature: utilDisplayLabel(currEntity, context.graph()) });
-           }
 
+             return _t.html(messageID, {
+               feature: utilDisplayLabel(currEntity, context.graph(), true
+               /* verbose */
+               )
+             });
+           }
 
            function showReference(selection) {
-             let enter = selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-               .data([0])
-               .enter();
-
-             enter
-               .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-               .text(_t(`issues.outdated_tags.${prefix}reference`));
-
-             enter
-               .append('strong')
-               .text(_t('issues.suggested'));
-
-             enter
-               .append('table')
-               .attr('class', 'tagDiff-table')
-               .selectAll('.tagDiff-row')
-               .data(tagDiff)
-               .enter()
-               .append('tr')
-               .attr('class', 'tagDiff-row')
-               .append('td')
-               .attr('class', d => {
-                 let klass = d.type === '+' ? 'add' : 'remove';
-                 return `tagDiff-cell tagDiff-cell-${klass}`;
-               })
-               .text(d => d.display);
+             var enter = selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter();
+             enter.append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append("issues.outdated_tags.".concat(prefix, "reference")));
+             enter.append('strong').call(_t.append('issues.suggested'));
+             enter.append('table').attr('class', 'tagDiff-table').selectAll('.tagDiff-row').data(tagDiff).enter().append('tr').attr('class', 'tagDiff-row').append('td').attr('class', function (d) {
+               var klass = d.type === '+' ? 'add' : 'remove';
+               return "tagDiff-cell tagDiff-cell-".concat(klass);
+             }).html(function (d) {
+               return d.display;
+             });
            }
          }
 
-
          function oldMultipolygonIssues(entity, graph) {
-           let multipolygon, outerWay;
+           var multipolygon, outerWay;
+
            if (entity.type === 'relation') {
              outerWay = osmOldMultipolygonOuterMemberOfRelation(entity, graph);
              multipolygon = entity;
            }
 
            if (!multipolygon || !outerWay) return [];
-
            return [new validationIssue({
              type: type,
              subtype: 'old_multipolygon',
              message: showMessage,
              reference: showReference,
              entityIds: [outerWay.id, multipolygon.id],
-             dynamicFixes: () => {
-               return [
-                 new validationIssueFix({
-                   autoArgs: [doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.move_tags.annotation')],
-                   title: _t('issues.fix.move_tags.title'),
-                   onClick: (context) => {
-                     context.perform(doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.move_tags.annotation'));
-                   }
-                 })
-               ];
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+               return [new validationIssueFix({
+                 autoArgs: [doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.move_tags.annotation')],
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.move_tags.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   context.perform(doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.move_tags.annotation'));
+                 }
+               })];
              }
            })];
 
-
            function doUpgrade(graph) {
-             let currMultipolygon = graph.hasEntity(multipolygon.id);
-             let currOuterWay = graph.hasEntity(outerWay.id);
+             var currMultipolygon = graph.hasEntity(multipolygon.id);
+             var currOuterWay = graph.hasEntity(outerWay.id);
              if (!currMultipolygon || !currOuterWay) return graph;
-
              currMultipolygon = currMultipolygon.mergeTags(currOuterWay.tags);
              graph = graph.replace(currMultipolygon);
              return actionChangeTags(currOuterWay.id, {})(graph);
            }
 
-
            function showMessage(context) {
-             let currMultipolygon = context.hasEntity(multipolygon.id);
+             var currMultipolygon = context.hasEntity(multipolygon.id);
              if (!currMultipolygon) return '';
-
-             return _t('issues.old_multipolygon.message',
-                 { multipolygon: utilDisplayLabel(currMultipolygon, context.graph()) }
-             );
+             return _t.html('issues.old_multipolygon.message', {
+               multipolygon: utilDisplayLabel(currMultipolygon, context.graph(), true
+               /* verbose */
+               )
+             });
            }
 
-
            function showReference(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-               .data([0])
-               .enter()
-               .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-               .text(_t('issues.old_multipolygon.reference'));
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.old_multipolygon.reference'));
            }
          }
 
-
-         let validation = function checkOutdatedTags(entity, graph) {
-           let issues = oldMultipolygonIssues(entity, graph);
+         var validation = function checkOutdatedTags(entity, graph) {
+           var issues = oldMultipolygonIssues(entity, graph);
            if (!issues.length) issues = oldTagIssues(entity, graph);
            return issues;
          };
 
-
          validation.type = type;
-
          return validation;
        }
 
        function validationPrivateData() {
-           var type = 'private_data';
-
-           // assume that some buildings are private
-           var privateBuildingValues = {
-               detached: true,
-               farm: true,
-               house: true,
-               houseboat: true,
-               residential: true,
-               semidetached_house: true,
-               static_caravan: true
-           };
-
-           // but they might be public if they have one of these other tags
-           var publicKeys = {
-               amenity: true,
-               craft: true,
-               historic: true,
-               leisure: true,
-               office: true,
-               shop: true,
-               tourism: true
-           };
-
-           // these tags may contain personally identifying info
-           var personalTags = {
-               'contact:email': true,
-               'contact:fax': true,
-               'contact:phone': true,
-               email: true,
-               fax: true,
-               phone: true
-           };
-
-
-           var validation = function checkPrivateData(entity) {
-               var tags = entity.tags;
-               if (!tags.building || !privateBuildingValues[tags.building]) return [];
-
-               var keepTags = {};
-               for (var k in tags) {
-                   if (publicKeys[k]) return [];  // probably a public feature
-                   if (!personalTags[k]) {
-                       keepTags[k] = tags[k];
-                   }
-               }
+         var type = 'private_data'; // assume that some buildings are private
+
+         var privateBuildingValues = {
+           detached: true,
+           farm: true,
+           house: true,
+           houseboat: true,
+           residential: true,
+           semidetached_house: true,
+           static_caravan: true
+         }; // but they might be public if they have one of these other tags
+
+         var publicKeys = {
+           amenity: true,
+           craft: true,
+           historic: true,
+           leisure: true,
+           office: true,
+           shop: true,
+           tourism: true
+         }; // these tags may contain personally identifying info
+
+         var personalTags = {
+           'contact:email': true,
+           'contact:fax': true,
+           'contact:phone': true,
+           email: true,
+           fax: true,
+           phone: true
+         };
+
+         var validation = function checkPrivateData(entity) {
+           var tags = entity.tags;
+           if (!tags.building || !privateBuildingValues[tags.building]) return [];
+           var keepTags = {};
 
-               var tagDiff = utilTagDiff(tags, keepTags);
-               if (!tagDiff.length) return [];
+           for (var k in tags) {
+             if (publicKeys[k]) return []; // probably a public feature
 
-               var fixID = tagDiff.length === 1 ? 'remove_tag' : 'remove_tags';
+             if (!personalTags[k]) {
+               keepTags[k] = tags[k];
+             }
+           }
 
-               return [new validationIssue({
-                   type: type,
-                   severity: 'warning',
-                   message: showMessage,
-                   reference: showReference,
-                   entityIds: [entity.id],
-                   dynamicFixes: function() {
-                       return [
-                           new validationIssueFix({
-                               icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
-                               title: _t('issues.fix.' + fixID + '.title'),
-                               onClick: function(context) {
-                                   context.perform(doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.annotation'));
-                               }
-                           })
-                       ];
-                   }
+           var tagDiff = utilTagDiff(tags, keepTags);
+           if (!tagDiff.length) return [];
+           var fixID = tagDiff.length === 1 ? 'remove_tag' : 'remove_tags';
+           return [new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: showMessage,
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: [entity.id],
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+               return [new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.' + fixID + '.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   context.perform(doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.annotation'));
+                 }
                })];
+             }
+           })];
 
+           function doUpgrade(graph) {
+             var currEntity = graph.hasEntity(entity.id);
+             if (!currEntity) return graph;
+             var newTags = Object.assign({}, currEntity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-               function doUpgrade(graph) {
-                   var currEntity = graph.hasEntity(entity.id);
-                   if (!currEntity) return graph;
-
-                   var newTags = Object.assign({}, currEntity.tags);  // shallow copy
-                   tagDiff.forEach(function(diff) {
-                       if (diff.type === '-') {
-                           delete newTags[diff.key];
-                       } else if (diff.type === '+') {
-                           newTags[diff.key] = diff.newVal;
-                       }
-                   });
-
-                   return actionChangeTags(currEntity.id, newTags)(graph);
-               }
-
-
-               function showMessage(context) {
-                   var currEntity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                   if (!currEntity) return '';
-
-                   return _t('issues.private_data.contact.message',
-                       { feature: utilDisplayLabel(currEntity, context.graph()) }
-                   );
-               }
-
-
-               function showReference(selection) {
-                   var enter = selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                       .data([0])
-                       .enter();
-
-                   enter
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                       .text(_t('issues.private_data.reference'));
-
-                   enter
-                       .append('strong')
-                       .text(_t('issues.suggested'));
-
-                   enter
-                       .append('table')
-                       .attr('class', 'tagDiff-table')
-                       .selectAll('.tagDiff-row')
-                       .data(tagDiff)
-                       .enter()
-                       .append('tr')
-                       .attr('class', 'tagDiff-row')
-                       .append('td')
-                       .attr('class', function(d) {
-                           var klass = d.type === '+' ? 'add' : 'remove';
-                           return 'tagDiff-cell tagDiff-cell-' + klass;
-                       })
-                       .text(function(d) { return d.display; });
+             tagDiff.forEach(function (diff) {
+               if (diff.type === '-') {
+                 delete newTags[diff.key];
+               } else if (diff.type === '+') {
+                 newTags[diff.key] = diff.newVal;
                }
-           };
+             });
+             return actionChangeTags(currEntity.id, newTags)(graph);
+           }
 
+           function showMessage(context) {
+             var currEntity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+             if (!currEntity) return '';
+             return _t.html('issues.private_data.contact.message', {
+               feature: utilDisplayLabel(currEntity, context.graph())
+             });
+           }
 
-           validation.type = type;
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             var enter = selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter();
+             enter.append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.private_data.reference'));
+             enter.append('strong').call(_t.append('issues.suggested'));
+             enter.append('table').attr('class', 'tagDiff-table').selectAll('.tagDiff-row').data(tagDiff).enter().append('tr').attr('class', 'tagDiff-row').append('td').attr('class', function (d) {
+               var klass = d.type === '+' ? 'add' : 'remove';
+               return 'tagDiff-cell tagDiff-cell-' + klass;
+             }).html(function (d) {
+               return d.display;
+             });
+           }
+         };
 
-           return validation;
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
        }
 
-       let _discardNameRegexes = [];
-
        function validationSuspiciousName() {
-         const type = 'suspicious_name';
-         const keysToTestForGenericValues = [
-           'aerialway', 'aeroway', 'amenity', 'building', 'craft', 'highway',
-           'leisure', 'railway', 'man_made', 'office', 'shop', 'tourism', 'waterway'
-         ];
+         var type = 'suspicious_name';
+         var keysToTestForGenericValues = ['aerialway', 'aeroway', 'amenity', 'building', 'craft', 'highway', 'leisure', 'railway', 'man_made', 'office', 'shop', 'tourism', 'waterway'];
+         var _waitingForNsi = false; // Attempt to match a generic record in the name-suggestion-index.
 
-         // A concern here in switching to async data means that `_nsiFilters` will not
-         // be available at first, so the data on early tiles may not have tags validated fully.
+         function isGenericMatchInNsi(tags) {
+           var nsi = services.nsi;
 
-         _mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_filters')
-           .then(filters => {
-             // known list of generic names (e.g. "bar")
-             _discardNameRegexes = filters.discardNames
-               .map(discardName => new RegExp(discardName, 'i'));
-           })
-           .catch(() => { /* ignore */ });
+           if (nsi) {
+             _waitingForNsi = nsi.status() === 'loading';
 
+             if (!_waitingForNsi) {
+               return nsi.isGenericName(tags);
+             }
+           }
+
+           return false;
+         } // Test if the name is just the key or tag value (e.g. "park")
 
-         function isDiscardedSuggestionName(lowercaseName) {
-           return _discardNameRegexes.some(regex => regex.test(lowercaseName));
-         }
 
-         // test if the name is just the key or tag value (e.g. "park")
          function nameMatchesRawTag(lowercaseName, tags) {
-           for (let i = 0; i < keysToTestForGenericValues.length; i++) {
-             let key = keysToTestForGenericValues[i];
-             let val = tags[key];
+           for (var i = 0; i < keysToTestForGenericValues.length; i++) {
+             var key = keysToTestForGenericValues[i];
+             var val = tags[key];
+
              if (val) {
                val = val.toLowerCase();
-               if (key === lowercaseName ||
-                 val === lowercaseName ||
-                 key.replace(/\_/g, ' ') === lowercaseName ||
-                 val.replace(/\_/g, ' ') === lowercaseName) {
+
+               if (key === lowercaseName || val === lowercaseName || key.replace(/\_/g, ' ') === lowercaseName || val.replace(/\_/g, ' ') === lowercaseName) {
                  return true;
                }
              }
            }
+
            return false;
          }
 
          function isGenericName(name, tags) {
            name = name.toLowerCase();
-           return nameMatchesRawTag(name, tags) || isDiscardedSuggestionName(name);
+           return nameMatchesRawTag(name, tags) || isGenericMatchInNsi(tags);
          }
 
          function makeGenericNameIssue(entityId, nameKey, genericName, langCode) {
              type: type,
              subtype: 'generic_name',
              severity: 'warning',
-             message: function(context) {
-               let entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                if (!entity) return '';
-               let preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-               let langName = langCode && _mainLocalizer.languageName(langCode);
-               return _t('issues.generic_name.message' + (langName ? '_language' : ''),
-                 { feature: preset.name(), name: genericName, language: langName }
-               );
+               var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+               var langName = langCode && _mainLocalizer.languageName(langCode);
+               return _t.html('issues.generic_name.message' + (langName ? '_language' : ''), {
+                 feature: preset.name(),
+                 name: genericName,
+                 language: langName
+               });
              },
              reference: showReference,
              entityIds: [entityId],
-             hash: nameKey + '=' + genericName,
-             dynamicFixes: function() {
-               return [
-                 new validationIssueFix({
-                   icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
-                   title: _t('issues.fix.remove_the_name.title'),
-                   onClick: function(context) {
-                     let entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                     let entity = context.entity(entityId);
-                     let tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);   // shallow copy
-                     delete tags[nameKey];
-                     context.perform(
-                       actionChangeTags(entityId, tags), _t('issues.fix.remove_generic_name.annotation')
-                     );
-                   }
-                 })
-               ];
+             hash: "".concat(nameKey, "=").concat(genericName),
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+               return [new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.remove_the_name.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                   var entity = context.entity(entityId);
+                   var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
+
+                   delete tags[nameKey];
+                   context.perform(actionChangeTags(entityId, tags), _t('issues.fix.remove_generic_name.annotation'));
+                 }
+               })];
              }
            });
 
            function showReference(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-               .data([0])
-               .enter()
-               .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-               .text(_t('issues.generic_name.reference'));
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.generic_name.reference'));
            }
          }
 
              type: type,
              subtype: 'not_name',
              severity: 'warning',
-             message: function(context) {
-               const entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                if (!entity) return '';
-               const preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-               const langName = langCode && _mainLocalizer.languageName(langCode);
-               return _t('issues.incorrect_name.message' + (langName ? '_language' : ''),
-                 { feature: preset.name(), name: incorrectName, language: langName }
-               );
+               var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+               var langName = langCode && _mainLocalizer.languageName(langCode);
+               return _t.html('issues.incorrect_name.message' + (langName ? '_language' : ''), {
+                 feature: preset.name(),
+                 name: incorrectName,
+                 language: langName
+               });
              },
              reference: showReference,
              entityIds: [entityId],
-             hash: nameKey + '=' + incorrectName,
-             dynamicFixes: function() {
-               return [
-                 new validationIssueFix({
-                   icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
-                   title: _t('issues.fix.remove_the_name.title'),
-                   onClick: function(context) {
-                     const entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                     const entity = context.entity(entityId);
-                     let tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);   // shallow copy
-                     delete tags[nameKey];
-                     context.perform(
-                       actionChangeTags(entityId, tags), _t('issues.fix.remove_mistaken_name.annotation')
-                     );
-                   }
-                 })
-               ];
+             hash: "".concat(nameKey, "=").concat(incorrectName),
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+               return [new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.remove_the_name.title'),
+                 onClick: function onClick(context) {
+                   var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                   var entity = context.entity(entityId);
+                   var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
+
+                   delete tags[nameKey];
+                   context.perform(actionChangeTags(entityId, tags), _t('issues.fix.remove_mistaken_name.annotation'));
+                 }
+               })];
              }
            });
 
            function showReference(selection) {
-             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-               .data([0])
-               .enter()
-               .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-               .text(_t('issues.generic_name.reference'));
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.generic_name.reference'));
            }
          }
 
+         var validation = function checkGenericName(entity) {
+           var tags = entity.tags; // a generic name is allowed if it's a known brand or entity
 
-         let validation = function checkGenericName(entity) {
-           // a generic name is okay if it's a known brand or entity
-           if (entity.hasWikidata()) return [];
-
-           let issues = [];
-           const notNames = (entity.tags['not:name'] || '').split(';');
+           var hasWikidata = !!tags.wikidata || !!tags['brand:wikidata'] || !!tags['operator:wikidata'];
+           if (hasWikidata) return [];
+           var issues = [];
+           var notNames = (tags['not:name'] || '').split(';');
 
-           for (let key in entity.tags) {
-             const m = key.match(/^name(?:(?::)([a-zA-Z_-]+))?$/);
+           for (var key in tags) {
+             var m = key.match(/^name(?:(?::)([a-zA-Z_-]+))?$/);
              if (!m) continue;
+             var langCode = m.length >= 2 ? m[1] : null;
+             var value = tags[key];
 
-             const langCode = m.length >= 2 ? m[1] : null;
-             const value = entity.tags[key];
              if (notNames.length) {
-               for (let i in notNames) {
-                 const notName = notNames[i];
+               for (var i in notNames) {
+                 var notName = notNames[i];
+
                  if (notName && value === notName) {
                    issues.push(makeIncorrectNameIssue(entity.id, key, value, langCode));
                    continue;
                  }
                }
              }
-             if (isGenericName(value, entity.tags)) {
+
+             if (isGenericName(value, tags)) {
+               issues.provisional = _waitingForNsi; // retry later if we are waiting on NSI to finish loading
+
                issues.push(makeGenericNameIssue(entity.id, key, value, langCode));
              }
            }
            return issues;
          };
 
-
          validation.type = type;
-
          return validation;
        }
 
        function validationUnsquareWay(context) {
-           var type = 'unsquare_way';
-           var DEFAULT_DEG_THRESHOLD = 5;   // see also issues.js
+         var type = 'unsquare_way';
+         var DEFAULT_DEG_THRESHOLD = 5; // see also issues.js
+         // use looser epsilon for detection to reduce warnings of buildings that are essentially square already
 
-           // use looser epsilon for detection to reduce warnings of buildings that are essentially square already
-           var epsilon = 0.05;
-           var nodeThreshold = 10;
-
-           function isBuilding(entity, graph) {
-               if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.geometry(graph) !== 'area') return false;
-               return entity.tags.building && entity.tags.building !== 'no';
-           }
+         var epsilon = 0.05;
+         var nodeThreshold = 10;
 
+         function isBuilding(entity, graph) {
+           if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.geometry(graph) !== 'area') return false;
+           return entity.tags.building && entity.tags.building !== 'no';
+         }
 
-           var validation = function checkUnsquareWay(entity, graph) {
+         var validation = function checkUnsquareWay(entity, graph) {
+           if (!isBuilding(entity, graph)) return []; // don't flag ways marked as physically unsquare
 
-               if (!isBuilding(entity, graph)) return [];
+           if (entity.tags.nonsquare === 'yes') return [];
+           var isClosed = entity.isClosed();
+           if (!isClosed) return []; // this building has bigger problems
+           // don't flag ways with lots of nodes since they are likely detail-mapped
 
-               // don't flag ways marked as physically unsquare
-               if (entity.tags.nonsquare === 'yes') return [];
+           var nodes = graph.childNodes(entity).slice(); // shallow copy
 
-               var isClosed = entity.isClosed();
-               if (!isClosed) return [];        // this building has bigger problems
+           if (nodes.length > nodeThreshold + 1) return []; // +1 because closing node appears twice
+           // ignore if not all nodes are fully downloaded
 
-               // don't flag ways with lots of nodes since they are likely detail-mapped
-               var nodes = graph.childNodes(entity).slice();    // shallow copy
-               if (nodes.length > nodeThreshold + 1) return [];   // +1 because closing node appears twice
+           var osm = services.osm;
+           if (!osm || nodes.some(function (node) {
+             return !osm.isDataLoaded(node.loc);
+           })) return []; // don't flag connected ways to avoid unresolvable unsquare loops
 
-               // ignore if not all nodes are fully downloaded
-               var osm = services.osm;
-               if (!osm || nodes.some(function(node) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(node.loc); })) return [];
-
-               // don't flag connected ways to avoid unresolvable unsquare loops
-               var hasConnectedSquarableWays = nodes.some(function(node) {
-                   return graph.parentWays(node).some(function(way) {
-                       if (way.id === entity.id) return false;
-                       if (isBuilding(way, graph)) return true;
-                       return graph.parentRelations(way).some(function(parentRelation) {
-                           return parentRelation.isMultipolygon() &&
-                               parentRelation.tags.building &&
-                               parentRelation.tags.building !== 'no';
-                       });
-                   });
+           var hasConnectedSquarableWays = nodes.some(function (node) {
+             return graph.parentWays(node).some(function (way) {
+               if (way.id === entity.id) return false;
+               if (isBuilding(way, graph)) return true;
+               return graph.parentRelations(way).some(function (parentRelation) {
+                 return parentRelation.isMultipolygon() && parentRelation.tags.building && parentRelation.tags.building !== 'no';
                });
-               if (hasConnectedSquarableWays) return [];
-
+             });
+           });
+           if (hasConnectedSquarableWays) return []; // user-configurable square threshold
 
-               // user-configurable square threshold
-               var storedDegreeThreshold = corePreferences('validate-square-degrees');
-               var degreeThreshold = isNaN(storedDegreeThreshold) ? DEFAULT_DEG_THRESHOLD : parseFloat(storedDegreeThreshold);
+           var storedDegreeThreshold = corePreferences('validate-square-degrees');
+           var degreeThreshold = isNaN(storedDegreeThreshold) ? DEFAULT_DEG_THRESHOLD : parseFloat(storedDegreeThreshold);
+           var points = nodes.map(function (node) {
+             return context.projection(node.loc);
+           });
+           if (!geoOrthoCanOrthogonalize(points, isClosed, epsilon, degreeThreshold, true)) return [];
+           var autoArgs; // don't allow autosquaring features linked to wikidata
 
-               var points = nodes.map(function(node) { return context.projection(node.loc); });
-               if (!geoOrthoCanOrthogonalize(points, isClosed, epsilon, degreeThreshold, true)) return [];
+           if (!entity.tags.wikidata) {
+             // use same degree threshold as for detection
+             var autoAction = actionOrthogonalize(entity.id, context.projection, undefined, degreeThreshold);
+             autoAction.transitionable = false; // when autofixing, do it instantly
 
-               var autoArgs;
-               // don't allow autosquaring features linked to wikidata
-               if (!entity.tags.wikidata) {
-                   // use same degree threshold as for detection
-                   var autoAction = actionOrthogonalize(entity.id, context.projection, undefined, degreeThreshold);
-                   autoAction.transitionable = false;  // when autofixing, do it instantly
-                   autoArgs = [autoAction, _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.feature.single')];
-               }
+             autoArgs = [autoAction, _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.feature', {
+               n: 1
+             })];
+           }
 
-               return [new validationIssue({
-                   type: type,
-                   subtype: 'building',
-                   severity: 'warning',
-                   message: function(context) {
-                       var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
-                       return entity ? _t('issues.unsquare_way.message', { feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()) }) : '';
-                   },
-                   reference: showReference,
-                   entityIds: [entity.id],
-                   hash: JSON.stringify(autoArgs !== undefined) + degreeThreshold,
-                   dynamicFixes: function() {
-                       return [
-                           new validationIssueFix({
-                               icon: 'iD-operation-orthogonalize',
-                               title: _t('issues.fix.square_feature.title'),
-                               autoArgs: autoArgs,
-                               onClick: function(context, completionHandler) {
-                                   var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                                   // use same degree threshold as for detection
-                                   context.perform(
-                                       actionOrthogonalize(entityId, context.projection, undefined, degreeThreshold),
-                                       _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.feature.single')
-                                   );
-                                   // run after the squaring transition (currently 150ms)
-                                   window.setTimeout(function() { completionHandler(); }, 175);
-                               }
-                           }),
-                           /*
-                           new validationIssueFix({
-                               title: t('issues.fix.tag_as_unsquare.title'),
-                               onClick: function(context) {
-                                   var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
-                                   var entity = context.entity(entityId);
-                                   var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);  // shallow copy
-                                   tags.nonsquare = 'yes';
-                                   context.perform(
-                                       actionChangeTags(entityId, tags),
-                                       t('issues.fix.tag_as_unsquare.annotation')
-                                   );
-                               }
-                           })
-                           */
-                       ];
+           return [new validationIssue({
+             type: type,
+             subtype: 'building',
+             severity: 'warning',
+             message: function message(context) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
+               return entity ? _t.html('issues.unsquare_way.message', {
+                 feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
+               }) : '';
+             },
+             reference: showReference,
+             entityIds: [entity.id],
+             hash: degreeThreshold,
+             dynamicFixes: function dynamicFixes() {
+               return [new validationIssueFix({
+                 icon: 'iD-operation-orthogonalize',
+                 title: _t.html('issues.fix.square_feature.title'),
+                 autoArgs: autoArgs,
+                 onClick: function onClick(context, completionHandler) {
+                   var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0]; // use same degree threshold as for detection
+
+                   context.perform(actionOrthogonalize(entityId, context.projection, undefined, degreeThreshold), _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.feature', {
+                     n: 1
+                   })); // run after the squaring transition (currently 150ms)
+
+                   window.setTimeout(function () {
+                     completionHandler();
+                   }, 175);
+                 }
+               })
+               /*
+               new validationIssueFix({
+                   title: t.html('issues.fix.tag_as_unsquare.title'),
+                   onClick: function(context) {
+                       var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
+                       var entity = context.entity(entityId);
+                       var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);  // shallow copy
+                       tags.nonsquare = 'yes';
+                       context.perform(
+                           actionChangeTags(entityId, tags),
+                           t('issues.fix.tag_as_unsquare.annotation')
+                       );
                    }
-               })];
-
-               function showReference(selection) {
-                   selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
-                       .data([0])
-                       .enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
-                       .text(_t('issues.unsquare_way.buildings.reference'));
-               }
-           };
+               })
+               */
+               ];
+             }
+           })];
 
-           validation.type = type;
+           function showReference(selection) {
+             selection.selectAll('.issue-reference').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-reference').call(_t.append('issues.unsquare_way.buildings.reference'));
+           }
+         };
 
-           return validation;
+         validation.type = type;
+         return validation;
        }
 
        var Validations = /*#__PURE__*/Object.freeze({
                validationUnsquareWay: validationUnsquareWay
        });
 
-       function coreValidator(context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('validated', 'focusedIssue');
-           var validator = utilRebind({}, dispatch$1, 'on');
+       function coreValidator(context) {
+         var _this = this;
+
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('validated', 'focusedIssue');
+         var validator = utilRebind({}, dispatch, 'on');
+         var _rules = {};
+         var _disabledRules = {};
+
+         var _ignoredIssueIDs = new Set();
+
+         var _resolvedIssueIDs = new Set();
+
+         var _baseCache = validationCache('base'); // issues before any user edits
+
+
+         var _headCache = validationCache('head'); // issues after all user edits
+
+
+         var _completeDiff = {}; // complete diff base -> head of what the user changed
+
+         var _headIsCurrent = false;
+
+         var _deferredRIC = new Set(); // Set( RequestIdleCallback handles )
+
+
+         var _deferredST = new Set(); // Set( SetTimeout handles )
+
+
+         var _headPromise; // Promise fulfilled when validation is performed up to headGraph snapshot
+
+
+         var RETRY = 5000; // wait 5sec before revalidating provisional entities
+         // Allow validation severity to be overridden by url queryparams...
+         // See: https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/pull/8243
+         //
+         // Each param should contain a urlencoded comma separated list of
+         // `type/subtype` rules.  `*` may be used as a wildcard..
+         // Examples:
+         //  `validationError=disconnected_way/*`
+         //  `validationError=disconnected_way/highway`
+         //  `validationError=crossing_ways/bridge*`
+         //  `validationError=crossing_ways/bridge*,crossing_ways/tunnel*`
+
+         var _errorOverrides = parseHashParam(context.initialHashParams.validationError);
+
+         var _warningOverrides = parseHashParam(context.initialHashParams.validationWarning);
+
+         var _disableOverrides = parseHashParam(context.initialHashParams.validationDisable); // `parseHashParam()`   (private)
+         // Checks hash parameters for severity overrides
+         // Arguments
+         //   `param` - a url hash parameter (`validationError`, `validationWarning`, or `validationDisable`)
+         // Returns
+         //   Array of Objects like { type: RegExp, subtype: RegExp }
+         //
+
 
-           var _rules = {};
-           var _disabledRules = {};
+         function parseHashParam(param) {
+           var result = [];
+           var rules = (param || '').split(',');
+           rules.forEach(function (rule) {
+             rule = rule.trim();
+             var parts = rule.split('/', 2); // "type/subtype"
 
-           var _ignoredIssueIDs = {};          // issue.id -> true
-           var _baseCache = validationCache(); // issues before any user edits
-           var _headCache = validationCache(); // issues after all user edits
-           var _validatedGraph = null;
-           var _deferred = new Set();
+             var type = parts[0];
+             var subtype = parts[1] || '*';
+             if (!type || !subtype) return;
+             result.push({
+               type: makeRegExp(type),
+               subtype: makeRegExp(subtype)
+             });
+           });
+           return result;
 
-           //
-           // initialize the validator rulesets
-           //
-           validator.init = function() {
-               Object.values(Validations).forEach(function(validation) {
-                   if (typeof validation !== 'function') return;
+           function makeRegExp(str) {
+             var escaped = str.replace(/[-\/\\^$+?.()|[\]{}]/g, '\\$&') // escape all reserved chars except for the '*'
+             .replace(/\*/g, '.*'); // treat a '*' like '.*'
 
-                   var fn = validation(context);
-                   var key = fn.type;
-                   _rules[key] = fn;
-               });
+             return new RegExp('^' + escaped + '$');
+           }
+         } // `init()`
+         // Initialize the validator, called once on iD startup
+         //
 
-               var disabledRules = corePreferences('validate-disabledRules');
-               if (disabledRules) {
-                   disabledRules.split(',')
-                       .forEach(function(key) { _disabledRules[key] = true; });
-               }
-           };
 
+         validator.init = function () {
+           Object.values(Validations).forEach(function (validation) {
+             if (typeof validation !== 'function') return;
+             var fn = validation(context);
+             var key = fn.type;
+             _rules[key] = fn;
+           });
+           var disabledRules = corePreferences('validate-disabledRules');
 
-           //
-           // clear caches, called whenever iD resets after a save
-           //
-           validator.reset = function() {
-               Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function(handle) {
-                   window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
-                   _deferred.delete(handle);
-               });
+           if (disabledRules) {
+             disabledRules.split(',').forEach(function (k) {
+               return _disabledRules[k] = true;
+             });
+           }
+         }; // `reset()`   (private)
+         // Cancels deferred work and resets all caches
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `resetIgnored` - `true` to clear the list of user-ignored issues
+         //
 
-               // clear caches
-               _ignoredIssueIDs = {};
-               _baseCache = validationCache();
-               _headCache = validationCache();
-               _validatedGraph = null;
-           };
 
-           validator.resetIgnoredIssues = function() {
-               _ignoredIssueIDs = {};
-               // reload UI
-               dispatch$1.call('validated');
-           };
+         function reset(resetIgnored) {
+           // cancel deferred work
+           _deferredRIC.forEach(window.cancelIdleCallback);
 
+           _deferredRIC.clear();
 
-           // must update issues when the user changes the unsquare thereshold
-           validator.reloadUnsquareIssues = function() {
+           _deferredST.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
 
-               reloadUnsquareIssues(_headCache, context.graph());
-               reloadUnsquareIssues(_baseCache, context.history().base());
+           _deferredST.clear(); // empty queues and resolve any pending promise
 
-               dispatch$1.call('validated');
-           };
 
-           function reloadUnsquareIssues(cache, graph) {
+           _baseCache.queue = [];
+           _headCache.queue = [];
+           processQueue(_headCache);
+           processQueue(_baseCache); // clear caches
 
-               var checkUnsquareWay = _rules.unsquare_way;
-               if (typeof checkUnsquareWay !== 'function') return;
+           if (resetIgnored) _ignoredIssueIDs.clear();
 
-               // uncache existing
-               cache.uncacheIssuesOfType('unsquare_way');
+           _resolvedIssueIDs.clear();
 
-               var buildings = context.history().tree().intersects(geoExtent([-180,-90],[180, 90]), graph)  // everywhere
-                   .filter(function(entity) {
-                       return entity.type === 'way' && entity.tags.building && entity.tags.building !== 'no';
-                   });
+           _baseCache = validationCache('base');
+           _headCache = validationCache('head');
+           _completeDiff = {};
+           _headIsCurrent = false;
+         } // `reset()`
+         // clear caches, called whenever iD resets after a save or switches sources
+         // (clears out the _ignoredIssueIDs set also)
+         //
 
-               // rerun for all buildings
-               buildings.forEach(function(entity) {
-                   var detected = checkUnsquareWay(entity, graph);
-                   if (detected.length !== 1) return;
-                   var issue = detected[0];
-                   if (!cache.issuesByEntityID[entity.id]) {
-                       cache.issuesByEntityID[entity.id] = new Set();
-                   }
-                   cache.issuesByEntityID[entity.id].add(issue.id);
-                   cache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id] = issue;
-               });
-           }
 
-           // options = {
-           //     what: 'all',     // 'all' or 'edited'
-           //     where: 'all',   // 'all' or 'visible'
-           //     includeIgnored: false   // true, false, or 'only'
-           //     includeDisabledRules: false   // true, false, or 'only'
-           // };
-           validator.getIssues = function(options) {
-               var opts = Object.assign({ what: 'all', where: 'all', includeIgnored: false, includeDisabledRules: false }, options);
-               var issues = Object.values(_headCache.issuesByIssueID);
-               var view = context.map().extent();
-
-               return issues.filter(function(issue) {
-                   if (!issue) return false;
-                   if (opts.includeDisabledRules === 'only' && !_disabledRules[issue.type]) return false;
-                   if (!opts.includeDisabledRules && _disabledRules[issue.type]) return false;
-
-                   if (opts.includeIgnored === 'only' && !_ignoredIssueIDs[issue.id]) return false;
-                   if (!opts.includeIgnored && _ignoredIssueIDs[issue.id]) return false;
-
-                   // Sanity check:  This issue may be for an entity that not longer exists.
-                   // If we detect this, uncache and return false so it is not included..
-                   var entityIds = issue.entityIds || [];
-                   for (var i = 0; i < entityIds.length; i++) {
-                       var entityId = entityIds[i];
-                       if (!context.hasEntity(entityId)) {
-                           delete _headCache.issuesByEntityID[entityId];
-                           delete _headCache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id];
-                           return false;
-                       }
-                   }
+         validator.reset = function () {
+           reset(true);
+         }; // `resetIgnoredIssues()`
+         // clears out the _ignoredIssueIDs Set
+         //
 
-                   if (opts.what === 'edited' && _baseCache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id]) return false;
 
-                   if (opts.where === 'visible') {
-                       var extent = issue.extent(context.graph());
-                       if (!view.intersects(extent)) return false;
-                   }
+         validator.resetIgnoredIssues = function () {
+           _ignoredIssueIDs.clear();
 
-                   return true;
-               });
-           };
+           dispatch.call('validated'); // redraw UI
+         }; // `revalidateUnsquare()`
+         // Called whenever the user changes the unsquare threshold
+         // It reruns just the "unsquare_way" validation on all buildings.
+         //
 
-           validator.getResolvedIssues = function() {
-               var baseIssues = Object.values(_baseCache.issuesByIssueID);
-               return baseIssues.filter(function(issue) {
-                   return !_headCache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id];
-               });
-           };
 
-           validator.focusIssue = function(issue) {
-               var extent = issue.extent(context.graph());
+         validator.revalidateUnsquare = function () {
+           revalidateUnsquare(_headCache);
+           revalidateUnsquare(_baseCache);
+           dispatch.call('validated');
+         };
 
-               if (extent) {
-                   var setZoom = Math.max(context.map().zoom(), 19);
-                   context.map().unobscuredCenterZoomEase(extent.center(), setZoom);
-
-                   // select the first entity
-                   if (issue.entityIds && issue.entityIds.length) {
-                       window.setTimeout(function() {
-                           var ids = issue.entityIds;
-                           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [ids[0]]));
-                           dispatch$1.call('focusedIssue', this, issue);
-                       }, 250);  // after ease
-                   }
-               }
-           };
+         function revalidateUnsquare(cache) {
+           var checkUnsquareWay = _rules.unsquare_way;
+           if (!cache.graph || typeof checkUnsquareWay !== 'function') return; // uncache existing
 
+           cache.uncacheIssuesOfType('unsquare_way');
+           var buildings = context.history().tree().intersects(geoExtent([-180, -90], [180, 90]), cache.graph) // everywhere
+           .filter(function (entity) {
+             return entity.type === 'way' && entity.tags.building && entity.tags.building !== 'no';
+           }); // rerun for all buildings
 
-           validator.getIssuesBySeverity = function(options) {
-               var groups = utilArrayGroupBy(validator.getIssues(options), 'severity');
-               groups.error = groups.error || [];
-               groups.warning = groups.warning || [];
-               return groups;
-           };
+           buildings.forEach(function (entity) {
+             var detected = checkUnsquareWay(entity, cache.graph);
+             if (!detected.length) return;
+             cache.cacheIssues(detected);
+           });
+         } // `getIssues()`
+         // Gets all issues that match the given options
+         // This is called by many other places
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `options` Object like:
+         //   {
+         //     what: 'all',                  // 'all' or 'edited'
+         //     where: 'all',                 // 'all' or 'visible'
+         //     includeIgnored: false,        // true, false, or 'only'
+         //     includeDisabledRules: false   // true, false, or 'only'
+         //   }
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   An Array containing the issues
+         //
 
-           // show some issue types in a particular order
-           var orderedIssueTypes = [
-               // flag missing data first
-               'missing_tag', 'missing_role',
-               // then flag identity issues
-               'outdated_tags', 'mismatched_geometry',
-               // flag geometry issues where fixing them might solve connectivity issues
-               'crossing_ways', 'almost_junction',
-               // then flag connectivity issues
-               'disconnected_way', 'impossible_oneway'
-           ];
 
-           // returns the issues that the given entity IDs have in common, matching the given options
-           validator.getSharedEntityIssues = function(entityIDs, options) {
-               var cache = _headCache;
+         validator.getIssues = function (options) {
+           var opts = Object.assign({
+             what: 'all',
+             where: 'all',
+             includeIgnored: false,
+             includeDisabledRules: false
+           }, options);
+           var view = context.map().extent();
+           var seen = new Set();
+           var results = []; // collect head issues - present in the user edits
+
+           if (_headCache.graph && _headCache.graph !== _baseCache.graph) {
+             Object.values(_headCache.issuesByIssueID).forEach(function (issue) {
+               // In the head cache, only count features that the user is responsible for - #8632
+               // For example, a user can undo some work and an issue will still present in the
+               // head graph, but we don't want to credit the user for causing that issue.
+               var userModified = (issue.entityIds || []).some(function (id) {
+                 return _completeDiff.hasOwnProperty(id);
+               });
+               if (opts.what === 'edited' && !userModified) return; // present in head but user didn't touch it
 
-               // gather the issues that are common to all the entities
-               var issueIDs = entityIDs.reduce(function(acc, entityID) {
-                   var entityIssueIDs = cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID] || new Set();
-                   if (!acc) {
-                       return new Set(entityIssueIDs);
-                   }
-                   return new Set([...acc].filter(function(elem) {
-                       return entityIssueIDs.has(elem);
-                   }));
-               }, null) || [];
+               if (!filter(issue)) return;
+               seen.add(issue.id);
+               results.push(issue);
+             });
+           } // collect base issues - present before user edits
 
-               var opts = options || {};
 
-               return Array.from(issueIDs)
-                   .map(function(id) { return cache.issuesByIssueID[id]; })
-                   .filter(function(issue) {
-                       if (!issue) return false;
-                       if (opts.includeDisabledRules === 'only' && !_disabledRules[issue.type]) return false;
-                       if (!opts.includeDisabledRules && _disabledRules[issue.type]) return false;
+           if (opts.what === 'all') {
+             Object.values(_baseCache.issuesByIssueID).forEach(function (issue) {
+               if (!filter(issue)) return;
+               seen.add(issue.id);
+               results.push(issue);
+             });
+           }
 
-                       if (opts.includeIgnored === 'only' && !_ignoredIssueIDs[issue.id]) return false;
-                       if (!opts.includeIgnored && _ignoredIssueIDs[issue.id]) return false;
+           return results; // Filter the issue set to include only what the calling code wants to see.
+           // Note that we use `context.graph()`/`context.hasEntity()` here, not `cache.graph`,
+           // because that is the graph that the calling code will be using.
 
-                       return true;
-                   }).sort(function(issue1, issue2) {
-                       if (issue1.type === issue2.type) {
-                           // issues of the same type, sort deterministically
-                           return issue1.id < issue2.id ? -1 : 1;
-                       }
-                       var index1 = orderedIssueTypes.indexOf(issue1.type);
-                       var index2 = orderedIssueTypes.indexOf(issue2.type);
-                       if (index1 !== -1 && index2 !== -1) {
-                           // both issue types have explicit sort orders
-                           return index1 - index2;
-                       } else if (index1 === -1 && index2 === -1) {
-                           // neither issue type has an explicit sort order, sort by type
-                           return issue1.type < issue2.type ? -1 : 1;
-                       } else {
-                           // order explicit types before everything else
-                           return index1 !== -1 ? -1 : 1;
-                       }
-                   });
-           };
+           function filter(issue) {
+             if (!issue) return false;
+             if (seen.has(issue.id)) return false;
+             if (_resolvedIssueIDs.has(issue.id)) return false;
+             if (opts.includeDisabledRules === 'only' && !_disabledRules[issue.type]) return false;
+             if (!opts.includeDisabledRules && _disabledRules[issue.type]) return false;
+             if (opts.includeIgnored === 'only' && !_ignoredIssueIDs.has(issue.id)) return false;
+             if (!opts.includeIgnored && _ignoredIssueIDs.has(issue.id)) return false; // This issue may involve an entity that doesn't exist in context.graph()
+             // This can happen because validation is async and rendering the issue lists is async.
 
+             if ((issue.entityIds || []).some(function (id) {
+               return !context.hasEntity(id);
+             })) return false;
 
-           validator.getEntityIssues = function(entityID, options) {
-               return validator.getSharedEntityIssues([entityID], options);
-           };
+             if (opts.where === 'visible') {
+               var extent = issue.extent(context.graph());
+               if (!view.intersects(extent)) return false;
+             }
+
+             return true;
+           }
+         }; // `getResolvedIssues()`
+         // Gets the issues that have been fixed by the user.
+         //
+         // Resolved issues are tracked in the `_resolvedIssueIDs` Set,
+         // and they should all be issues that exist in the _baseCache.
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   An Array containing the issues
+         //
 
 
-           validator.getRuleKeys = function() {
-               return Object.keys(_rules);
-           };
+         validator.getResolvedIssues = function () {
+           return Array.from(_resolvedIssueIDs).map(function (issueID) {
+             return _baseCache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
+           }).filter(Boolean);
+         }; // `focusIssue()`
+         // Adjusts the map to focus on the given issue.
+         // (requires the issue to have a reasonable extent defined)
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `issue` - the issue to focus on
+         //
 
 
-           validator.isRuleEnabled = function(key) {
-               return !_disabledRules[key];
-           };
+         validator.focusIssue = function (issue) {
+           // Note that we use `context.graph()`/`context.hasEntity()` here, not `cache.graph`,
+           // because that is the graph that the calling code will be using.
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var selectID;
+           var focusCenter; // Try to focus the map at the center of the issue..
 
+           var issueExtent = issue.extent(graph);
 
-           validator.toggleRule = function(key) {
-               if (_disabledRules[key]) {
-                   delete _disabledRules[key];
-               } else {
-                   _disabledRules[key] = true;
-               }
+           if (issueExtent) {
+             focusCenter = issueExtent.center();
+           } // Try to select the first entity in the issue..
 
-               corePreferences('validate-disabledRules', Object.keys(_disabledRules).join(','));
-               validator.validate();
-           };
 
+           if (issue.entityIds && issue.entityIds.length) {
+             selectID = issue.entityIds[0]; // If a relation, focus on one of its members instead.
+             // Otherwise we might be focusing on a part of map where the relation is not visible.
 
-           validator.disableRules = function(keys) {
-               _disabledRules = {};
-               keys.forEach(function(k) {
-                   _disabledRules[k] = true;
+             if (selectID && selectID.charAt(0) === 'r') {
+               // relation
+               var ids = utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs([selectID], graph);
+               var nodeID = ids.find(function (id) {
+                 return id.charAt(0) === 'n' && graph.hasEntity(id);
                });
 
-               corePreferences('validate-disabledRules', Object.keys(_disabledRules).join(','));
-               validator.validate();
-           };
+               if (!nodeID) {
+                 // relation has no downloaded nodes to focus on
+                 var wayID = ids.find(function (id) {
+                   return id.charAt(0) === 'w' && graph.hasEntity(id);
+                 });
 
+                 if (wayID) {
+                   nodeID = graph.entity(wayID).first(); // focus on the first node of this way
+                 }
+               }
 
-           validator.ignoreIssue = function(id) {
-               _ignoredIssueIDs[id] = true;
-           };
+               if (nodeID) {
+                 focusCenter = graph.entity(nodeID).loc;
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
+           if (focusCenter) {
+             // Adjust the view
+             var setZoom = Math.max(context.map().zoom(), 19);
+             context.map().unobscuredCenterZoomEase(focusCenter, setZoom);
+           }
 
-           //
-           // Run validation on a single entity for the given graph
-           //
-           function validateEntity(entity, graph) {
-               var entityIssues = [];
+           if (selectID) {
+             // Enter select mode
+             window.setTimeout(function () {
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [selectID]));
+               dispatch.call('focusedIssue', _this, issue);
+             }, 250); // after ease
+           }
+         }; // `getIssuesBySeverity()`
+         // Gets the issues then groups them by error/warning
+         // (This just calls getIssues, then puts issues in groups)
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `options` - (see `getIssues`)
+         // Returns
+         //   Object result like:
+         //   {
+         //     error:    Array of errors,
+         //     warning:  Array of warnings
+         //   }
+         //
 
-               // runs validation and appends resulting issues
-               function runValidation(key) {
 
-                   var fn = _rules[key];
-                   if (typeof fn !== 'function') {
-                       console.error('no such validation rule = ' + key);  // eslint-disable-line no-console
-                       return;
-                   }
+         validator.getIssuesBySeverity = function (options) {
+           var groups = utilArrayGroupBy(validator.getIssues(options), 'severity');
+           groups.error = groups.error || [];
+           groups.warning = groups.warning || [];
+           return groups;
+         }; // `getEntityIssues()`
+         // Gets the issues that the given entity IDs have in common, matching the given options
+         // (This just calls getIssues, then filters for the given entity IDs)
+         // The issues are sorted for relevance
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `entityIDs` - Array or Set of entityIDs to get issues for
+         //   `options` - (see `getIssues`)
+         // Returns
+         //   An Array containing the issues
+         //
 
-                   var detected = fn(entity, graph);
-                   entityIssues = entityIssues.concat(detected);
-               }
 
-               // run all rules
-               Object.keys(_rules).forEach(runValidation);
+         validator.getSharedEntityIssues = function (entityIDs, options) {
+           var orderedIssueTypes = [// Show some issue types in a particular order:
+           'missing_tag', 'missing_role', // - missing data first
+           'outdated_tags', 'mismatched_geometry', // - identity issues
+           'crossing_ways', 'almost_junction', // - geometry issues where fixing them might solve connectivity issues
+           'disconnected_way', 'impossible_oneway' // - finally connectivity issues
+           ];
+           var allIssues = validator.getIssues(options);
+           var forEntityIDs = new Set(entityIDs);
+           return allIssues.filter(function (issue) {
+             return (issue.entityIds || []).some(function (entityID) {
+               return forEntityIDs.has(entityID);
+             });
+           }).sort(function (issue1, issue2) {
+             if (issue1.type === issue2.type) {
+               // issues of the same type, sort deterministically
+               return issue1.id < issue2.id ? -1 : 1;
+             }
+
+             var index1 = orderedIssueTypes.indexOf(issue1.type);
+             var index2 = orderedIssueTypes.indexOf(issue2.type);
 
-               return entityIssues;
-           }
+             if (index1 !== -1 && index2 !== -1) {
+               // both issue types have explicit sort orders
+               return index1 - index2;
+             } else if (index1 === -1 && index2 === -1) {
+               // neither issue type has an explicit sort order, sort by type
+               return issue1.type < issue2.type ? -1 : 1;
+             } else {
+               // order explicit types before everything else
+               return index1 !== -1 ? -1 : 1;
+             }
+           });
+         }; // `getEntityIssues()`
+         // Get an array of detected issues for the given entityID.
+         // (This just calls getSharedEntityIssues for a single entity)
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `entityID` - the entity ID to get the issues for
+         //   `options` - (see `getIssues`)
+         // Returns
+         //   An Array containing the issues
+         //
 
-           function entityIDsToValidate(entityIDs, graph) {
-               var processedIDs = new Set();
-               return entityIDs.reduce(function(acc, entityID) {
-                   // keep redundancy check separate from `acc` because an `entityID`
-                   // could have been added to `acc` as a related entity through an earlier pass
-                   if (processedIDs.has(entityID)) return acc;
-                   processedIDs.add(entityID);
 
-                   var entity = graph.hasEntity(entityID);
-                   if (!entity) return acc;
+         validator.getEntityIssues = function (entityID, options) {
+           return validator.getSharedEntityIssues([entityID], options);
+         }; // `getRuleKeys()`
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   An Array containing the rule keys
+         //
 
-                   acc.add(entityID);
 
-                   var checkParentRels = [entity];
+         validator.getRuleKeys = function () {
+           return Object.keys(_rules);
+         }; // `isRuleEnabled()`
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `key` - the rule to check (e.g. 'crossing_ways')
+         // Returns
+         //   `true`/`false`
+         //
 
-                   if (entity.type === 'node') {
-                       graph.parentWays(entity).forEach(function(parentWay) {
-                           acc.add(parentWay.id); // include parent ways
-                           checkParentRels.push(parentWay);
-                       });
-                   } else if (entity.type === 'relation') {
-                       entity.members.forEach(function(member) {
-                           acc.add(member.id); // include members
-                       });
-                   } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                       entity.nodes.forEach(function(nodeID) {
-                           acc.add(nodeID); // include child nodes
-                           graph._parentWays[nodeID].forEach(function(wayID) {
-                               acc.add(wayID); // include connected ways
-                           });
-                       });
-                   }
 
-                   checkParentRels.forEach(function(entity) {   // include parent relations
-                       if (entity.type !== 'relation') {        // but not super-relations
-                           graph.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function(parentRelation) {
-                               acc.add(parentRelation.id);
-                           });
-                       }
-                   });
+         validator.isRuleEnabled = function (key) {
+           return !_disabledRules[key];
+         }; // `toggleRule()`
+         // Toggles a single validation rule,
+         // then reruns the validation so that the user sees something happen in the UI
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `key` - the rule to toggle (e.g. 'crossing_ways')
+         //
 
-                   return acc;
 
-               }, new Set());
+         validator.toggleRule = function (key) {
+           if (_disabledRules[key]) {
+             delete _disabledRules[key];
+           } else {
+             _disabledRules[key] = true;
            }
 
-           //
-           // Run validation for several entities, supplied `entityIDs`,
-           // against `graph` for the given `cache`
-           //
-           function validateEntities(entityIDs, graph, cache) {
+           corePreferences('validate-disabledRules', Object.keys(_disabledRules).join(','));
+           validator.validate();
+         }; // `disableRules()`
+         // Disables given validation rules,
+         // then reruns the validation so that the user sees something happen in the UI
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `keys` - Array or Set containing rule keys to disable
+         //
+
+
+         validator.disableRules = function (keys) {
+           _disabledRules = {};
+           keys.forEach(function (k) {
+             return _disabledRules[k] = true;
+           });
+           corePreferences('validate-disabledRules', Object.keys(_disabledRules).join(','));
+           validator.validate();
+         }; // `ignoreIssue()`
+         // Don't show the given issue in lists
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `issueID` - the issueID
+         //
+
 
-               // clear caches for existing issues related to these entities
-               entityIDs.forEach(cache.uncacheEntityID);
+         validator.ignoreIssue = function (issueID) {
+           _ignoredIssueIDs.add(issueID);
+         }; // `validate()`
+         // Validates anything that has changed in the head graph since the last time it was run.
+         // (head graph contains user's edits)
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   A Promise fulfilled when the validation has completed and then dispatches a `validated` event.
+         //   This may take time but happen in the background during browser idle time.
+         //
 
-               // detect new issues and update caches
-               entityIDs.forEach(function(entityID) {
-                   var entity = graph.hasEntity(entityID);
-                   // don't validate deleted entities
-                   if (!entity) return;
 
-                   var issues = validateEntity(entity, graph);
-                   cache.cacheIssues(issues);
-               });
+         validator.validate = function () {
+           // Make sure the caches have graphs assigned to them.
+           // (we don't do this in `reset` because context is still resetting things and `history.base()` is unstable then)
+           var baseGraph = context.history().base();
+           if (!_headCache.graph) _headCache.graph = baseGraph;
+           if (!_baseCache.graph) _baseCache.graph = baseGraph;
+           var prevGraph = _headCache.graph;
+           var currGraph = context.graph();
+
+           if (currGraph === prevGraph) {
+             // _headCache.graph is current - we are caught up
+             _headIsCurrent = true;
+             dispatch.call('validated');
+             return Promise.resolve();
            }
 
+           if (_headPromise) {
+             // Validation already in process, but we aren't caught up to current
+             _headIsCurrent = false; // We will need to catch up after the validation promise fulfills
 
-           //
-           // Validates anything that has changed since the last time it was run.
-           // Also updates the "validatedGraph" to be the current graph
-           // and dispatches a `validated` event when finished.
-           //
-           validator.validate = function() {
+             return _headPromise;
+           } // If we get here, its time to start validating stuff.
 
-               var currGraph = context.graph();
-               _validatedGraph = _validatedGraph || context.history().base();
-               if (currGraph === _validatedGraph) {
-                   dispatch$1.call('validated');
-                   return;
-               }
-               var oldGraph = _validatedGraph;
-               var difference = coreDifference(oldGraph, currGraph);
-               _validatedGraph = currGraph;
 
-               var createdAndModifiedEntityIDs = difference.extantIDs(true);   // created/modified (true = w/relation members)
-               var entityIDsToCheck = entityIDsToValidate(createdAndModifiedEntityIDs, currGraph);
+           _headCache.graph = currGraph; // take snapshot
 
-               // check modified and deleted entities against the old graph in order to update their related entities
-               // (e.g. deleting the only highway connected to a road should create a disconnected highway issue)
-               var modifiedAndDeletedEntityIDs = difference.deleted().concat(difference.modified())
-                   .map(function(entity) { return entity.id; });
-               var entityIDsToCheckForOldGraph = entityIDsToValidate(modifiedAndDeletedEntityIDs, oldGraph);
+           _completeDiff = context.history().difference().complete();
+           var incrementalDiff = coreDifference(prevGraph, currGraph);
+           var entityIDs = Object.keys(incrementalDiff.complete());
+           entityIDs = _headCache.withAllRelatedEntities(entityIDs); // expand set
 
-               // concat the sets
-               entityIDsToCheckForOldGraph.forEach(entityIDsToCheck.add, entityIDsToCheck);
+           if (!entityIDs.size) {
+             dispatch.call('validated');
+             return Promise.resolve();
+           }
+
+           _headPromise = validateEntitiesAsync(entityIDs, _headCache).then(function () {
+             return updateResolvedIssues(entityIDs);
+           }).then(function () {
+             return dispatch.call('validated');
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             /* ignore */
+           }).then(function () {
+             _headPromise = null;
 
-               validateEntities(entityIDsToCheck, context.graph(), _headCache);
+             if (!_headIsCurrent) {
+               validator.validate(); // run it again to catch up to current graph
+             }
+           });
+           return _headPromise;
+         }; // register event handlers:
+         // WHEN TO RUN VALIDATION:
+         // When history changes:
+
+
+         context.history().on('restore.validator', validator.validate) // on restore saved history
+         .on('undone.validator', validator.validate) // on undo
+         .on('redone.validator', validator.validate) // on redo
+         .on('reset.validator', function () {
+           // on history reset - happens after save, or enter/exit walkthrough
+           reset(false); // cached issues aren't valid any longer if the history has been reset
+
+           validator.validate();
+         }); // but not on 'change' (e.g. while drawing)
+         // When user changes editing modes (to catch recent changes e.g. drawing)
+
+         context.on('exit.validator', validator.validate); // When merging fetched data, validate base graph:
+
+         context.history().on('merge.validator', function (entities) {
+           if (!entities) return; // Make sure the caches have graphs assigned to them.
+           // (we don't do this in `reset` because context is still resetting things and `history.base()` is unstable then)
+
+           var baseGraph = context.history().base();
+           if (!_headCache.graph) _headCache.graph = baseGraph;
+           if (!_baseCache.graph) _baseCache.graph = baseGraph;
+           var entityIDs = entities.map(function (entity) {
+             return entity.id;
+           });
+           entityIDs = _baseCache.withAllRelatedEntities(entityIDs); // expand set
+
+           validateEntitiesAsync(entityIDs, _baseCache);
+         }); // `validateEntity()`   (private)
+         // Runs all validation rules on a single entity.
+         // Some things to note:
+         //  - Graph is passed in from whenever the validation was started.  Validators shouldn't use
+         //   `context.graph()` because this all happens async, and the graph might have changed
+         //   (for example, nodes getting deleted before the validation can run)
+         //  - Validator functions may still be waiting on something and return a "provisional" result.
+         //    In this situation, we will schedule to revalidate the entity sometime later.
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `entity` - The entity
+         //   `graph` - graph containing the entity
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   Object result like:
+         //   {
+         //     issues:       Array of detected issues
+         //     provisional:  `true` if provisional result, `false` if final result
+         //   }
+         //
 
-               dispatch$1.call('validated');
+         function validateEntity(entity, graph) {
+           var result = {
+             issues: [],
+             provisional: false
            };
+           Object.keys(_rules).forEach(runValidation); // run all rules
+
+           return result; // runs validation and appends resulting issues
 
+           function runValidation(key) {
+             var fn = _rules[key];
 
-           // WHEN TO RUN VALIDATION:
-           // When graph changes:
-           context.history()
-               .on('restore.validator', validator.validate)   // restore saved history
-               .on('undone.validator', validator.validate)    // undo
-               .on('redone.validator', validator.validate);   // redo
-               // but not on 'change' (e.g. while drawing)
+             if (typeof fn !== 'function') {
+               console.error('no such validation rule = ' + key); // eslint-disable-line no-console
 
-           // When user chages editing modes:
-           context
-               .on('exit.validator', validator.validate);
+               return;
+             }
 
-           // When merging fetched data:
-           context.history()
-               .on('merge.validator', function(entities) {
-                   if (!entities) return;
-                   var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function() {
-                       var entityIDs = entities.map(function(entity) { return entity.id; });
-                       var headGraph = context.graph();
-                       validateEntities(entityIDsToValidate(entityIDs, headGraph), headGraph, _headCache);
+             var detected = fn(entity, graph);
 
-                       var baseGraph = context.history().base();
-                       validateEntities(entityIDsToValidate(entityIDs, baseGraph), baseGraph, _baseCache);
+             if (detected.provisional) {
+               // this validation should be run again later
+               result.provisional = true;
+             }
 
-                       dispatch$1.call('validated');
-                   });
-                   _deferred.add(handle);
-               });
+             detected = detected.filter(applySeverityOverrides);
+             result.issues = result.issues.concat(detected); // If there are any override rules that match the issue type/subtype,
+             // adjust severity (or disable it) and keep/discard as quickly as possible.
 
+             function applySeverityOverrides(issue) {
+               var type = issue.type;
+               var subtype = issue.subtype || '';
+               var i;
 
-           return validator;
-       }
+               for (i = 0; i < _errorOverrides.length; i++) {
+                 if (_errorOverrides[i].type.test(type) && _errorOverrides[i].subtype.test(subtype)) {
+                   issue.severity = 'error';
+                   return true;
+                 }
+               }
 
+               for (i = 0; i < _warningOverrides.length; i++) {
+                 if (_warningOverrides[i].type.test(type) && _warningOverrides[i].subtype.test(subtype)) {
+                   issue.severity = 'warning';
+                   return true;
+                 }
+               }
 
-       function validationCache() {
+               for (i = 0; i < _disableOverrides.length; i++) {
+                 if (_disableOverrides[i].type.test(type) && _disableOverrides[i].subtype.test(subtype)) {
+                   return false;
+                 }
+               }
 
-           var cache = {
-               issuesByIssueID: {},  // issue.id -> issue
-               issuesByEntityID: {} // entity.id -> set(issue.id)
-           };
+               return true;
+             }
+           }
+         } // `updateResolvedIssues()`   (private)
+         // Determine if any issues were resolved for the given entities.
+         // This is called by `validate()` after validation of the head graph
+         //
+         // Give the user credit for fixing an issue if:
+         // - the issue is in the base cache
+         // - the issue is not in the head cache
+         // - the user did something to one of the entities involved in the issue
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `entityIDs` - Array or Set containing entity IDs.
+         //
 
-           cache.cacheIssues = function(issues) {
-               issues.forEach(function(issue) {
-                   var entityIds = issue.entityIds || [];
-                   entityIds.forEach(function(entityId) {
-                       if (!cache.issuesByEntityID[entityId]) {
-                           cache.issuesByEntityID[entityId] = new Set();
-                       }
-                       cache.issuesByEntityID[entityId].add(issue.id);
-                   });
-                   cache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id] = issue;
-               });
-           };
 
-           cache.uncacheIssue = function(issue) {
-               // When multiple entities are involved (e.g. crossing_ways),
-               // remove this issue from the other entity caches too..
-               var entityIds = issue.entityIds || [];
-               entityIds.forEach(function(entityId) {
-                   if (cache.issuesByEntityID[entityId]) {
-                       cache.issuesByEntityID[entityId].delete(issue.id);
-                   }
+         function updateResolvedIssues(entityIDs) {
+           entityIDs.forEach(function (entityID) {
+             var baseIssues = _baseCache.issuesByEntityID[entityID];
+             if (!baseIssues) return;
+             baseIssues.forEach(function (issueID) {
+               // Check if the user did something to one of the entities involved in this issue.
+               // (This issue could involve multiple entities, e.g. disconnected routable features)
+               var issue = _baseCache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
+               var userModified = (issue.entityIds || []).some(function (id) {
+                 return _completeDiff.hasOwnProperty(id);
                });
-               delete cache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id];
-           };
 
-           cache.uncacheIssues = function(issues) {
-               issues.forEach(cache.uncacheIssue);
-           };
+               if (userModified && !_headCache.issuesByIssueID[issueID]) {
+                 // issue seems fixed
+                 _resolvedIssueIDs.add(issueID);
+               } else {
+                 // issue still not resolved
+                 _resolvedIssueIDs["delete"](issueID); // (did undo, or possibly fixed and then re-caused the issue)
 
-           cache.uncacheIssuesOfType = function(type) {
-               var issuesOfType = Object.values(cache.issuesByIssueID)
-                   .filter(function(issue) { return issue.type === type; });
-               cache.uncacheIssues(issuesOfType);
-           };
+               }
+             });
+           });
+         } // `validateEntitiesAsync()`   (private)
+         // Schedule validation for many entities.
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `entityIDs` - Array or Set containing entityIDs.
+         //   `graph` - the graph to validate that contains those entities
+         //   `cache` - the cache to store results in (_headCache or _baseCache)
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   A Promise fulfilled when the validation has completed.
+         //   This may take time but happen in the background during browser idle time.
+         //
 
-           //
-           // Remove a single entity and all its related issues from the caches
-           //
-           cache.uncacheEntityID = function(entityID) {
-               var issueIDs = cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID];
-               if (!issueIDs) return;
-
-               issueIDs.forEach(function(issueID) {
-                   var issue = cache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
-                   if (issue) {
-                       cache.uncacheIssue(issue);
-                   } else {
-                       delete cache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
-                   }
-               });
 
-               delete cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID];
-           };
+         function validateEntitiesAsync(entityIDs, cache) {
+           // Enqueue the work
+           var jobs = Array.from(entityIDs).map(function (entityID) {
+             if (cache.queuedEntityIDs.has(entityID)) return null; // queued already
 
-           return cache;
-       }
+             cache.queuedEntityIDs.add(entityID); // Clear caches for existing issues related to this entity
 
-       function coreUploader(context) {
+             cache.uncacheEntityID(entityID);
+             return function () {
+               cache.queuedEntityIDs["delete"](entityID);
+               var graph = cache.graph;
+               if (!graph) return; // was reset?
 
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch(
-               // Start and end events are dispatched exactly once each per legitimate outside call to `save`
-               'saveStarted', // dispatched as soon as a call to `save` has been deemed legitimate
-               'saveEnded',   // dispatched after the result event has been dispatched
+               var entity = graph.hasEntity(entityID); // Sanity check: don't validate deleted entities
 
-               'willAttemptUpload', // dispatched before the actual upload call occurs, if it will
-               'progressChanged',
+               if (!entity) return; // detect new issues and update caches
 
-               // Each save results in one of these outcomes:
-               'resultNoChanges', // upload wasn't attempted since there were no edits
-               'resultErrors',    // upload failed due to errors
-               'resultConflicts', // upload failed due to data conflicts
-               'resultSuccess'    // upload completed without errors
-           );
+               var result = validateEntity(entity, graph);
 
-           var _isSaving = false;
+               if (result.provisional) {
+                 // provisional result
+                 cache.provisionalEntityIDs.add(entityID); // we'll need to revalidate this entity again later
+               }
 
-           var _conflicts = [];
-           var _errors = [];
-           var _origChanges;
+               cache.cacheIssues(result.issues); // update cache
+             };
+           }).filter(Boolean); // Perform the work in chunks.
+           // Because this will happen during idle callbacks, we want to choose a chunk size
+           // that won't make the browser stutter too badly.
+
+           cache.queue = cache.queue.concat(utilArrayChunk(jobs, 100)); // Perform the work
+
+           if (cache.queuePromise) return cache.queuePromise;
+           cache.queuePromise = processQueue(cache).then(function () {
+             return revalidateProvisionalEntities(cache);
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             /* ignore */
+           })["finally"](function () {
+             return cache.queuePromise = null;
+           });
+           return cache.queuePromise;
+         } // `revalidateProvisionalEntities()`   (private)
+         // Sometimes a validator will return a "provisional" result.
+         // In this situation, we'll need to revalidate the entity later.
+         // This function waits a delay, then places them back into the validation queue.
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `cache` - The cache (_headCache or _baseCache)
+         //
 
-           var _discardTags = {};
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('discarded')
-               .then(function(d) { _discardTags = d; })
-               .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });
 
-           var uploader = utilRebind({}, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         function revalidateProvisionalEntities(cache) {
+           if (!cache.provisionalEntityIDs.size) return; // nothing to do
 
-           uploader.isSaving = function() {
-               return _isSaving;
-           };
+           var handle = window.setTimeout(function () {
+             _deferredST["delete"](handle);
 
-           uploader.save = function(changeset, tryAgain, checkConflicts) {
-               // Guard against accidentally entering save code twice - #4641
-               if (_isSaving && !tryAgain) {
-                   return;
-               }
+             if (!cache.provisionalEntityIDs.size) return; // nothing to do
 
-               var osm = context.connection();
-               if (!osm) return;
+             validateEntitiesAsync(Array.from(cache.provisionalEntityIDs), cache);
+           }, RETRY);
 
-               // If user somehow got logged out mid-save, try to reauthenticate..
-               // This can happen if they were logged in from before, but the tokens are no longer valid.
-               if (!osm.authenticated()) {
-                   osm.authenticate(function(err) {
-                       if (!err) {
-                           uploader.save(changeset, tryAgain, checkConflicts);  // continue where we left off..
-                       }
-                   });
-                   return;
-               }
+           _deferredST.add(handle);
+         } // `processQueue(queue)`   (private)
+         // Process the next chunk of deferred validation work
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `cache` - The cache (_headCache or _baseCache)
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   A Promise fulfilled when the validation has completed.
+         //   This may take time but happen in the background during browser idle time.
+         //
 
-               if (!_isSaving) {
-                   _isSaving = true;
-                   dispatch$1.call('saveStarted', this);
-               }
 
-               var history = context.history();
+         function processQueue(cache) {
+           // console.log(`${cache.which} queue length ${cache.queue.length}`);
+           if (!cache.queue.length) return Promise.resolve(); // we're done
 
-               _conflicts = [];
-               _errors = [];
+           var chunk = cache.queue.pop();
+           return new Promise(function (resolvePromise) {
+             var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+               _deferredRIC["delete"](handle); // const t0 = performance.now();
 
-               // Store original changes, in case user wants to download them as an .osc file
-               _origChanges = history.changes(actionDiscardTags(history.difference(), _discardTags));
 
-               // First time, `history.perform` a no-op action.
-               // Any conflict resolutions will be done as `history.replace`
-               // Remember to pop this later if needed
-               if (!tryAgain) {
-                   history.perform(actionNoop());
-               }
+               chunk.forEach(function (job) {
+                 return job();
+               }); // const t1 = performance.now();
+               // console.log('chunk processed in ' + (t1 - t0) + ' ms');
 
-               // Attempt a fast upload.. If there are conflicts, re-enter with `checkConflicts = true`
-               if (!checkConflicts) {
-                   upload(changeset);
+               resolvePromise();
+             });
 
-               // Do the full (slow) conflict check..
-               } else {
-                   performFullConflictCheck(changeset);
-               }
+             _deferredRIC.add(handle);
+           }).then(function () {
+             // dispatch an event sometimes to redraw various UI things
+             if (cache.queue.length % 25 === 0) dispatch.call('validated');
+           }).then(function () {
+             return processQueue(cache);
+           });
+         }
 
-           };
+         return validator;
+       } // `validationCache()`   (private)
+       // Creates a cache to store validation state
+       // We create 2 of these:
+       //   `_baseCache` for validation on the base graph (unedited)
+       //   `_headCache` for validation on the head graph (user edits applied)
+       //
+       // Arguments
+       //   `which` - just a String 'base' or 'head' to keep track of it
+       //
+
+       function validationCache(which) {
+         var cache = {
+           which: which,
+           graph: null,
+           queue: [],
+           queuePromise: null,
+           queuedEntityIDs: new Set(),
+           provisionalEntityIDs: new Set(),
+           issuesByIssueID: {},
+           // issue.id -> issue
+           issuesByEntityID: {} // entity.id -> Set(issue.id)
+
+         };
+
+         cache.cacheIssue = function (issue) {
+           (issue.entityIds || []).forEach(function (entityID) {
+             if (!cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID]) {
+               cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID] = new Set();
+             }
+
+             cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID].add(issue.id);
+           });
+           cache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id] = issue;
+         };
 
+         cache.uncacheIssue = function (issue) {
+           (issue.entityIds || []).forEach(function (entityID) {
+             if (cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID]) {
+               cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID]["delete"](issue.id);
+             }
+           });
+           delete cache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id];
+         };
 
-           function performFullConflictCheck(changeset) {
+         cache.cacheIssues = function (issues) {
+           issues.forEach(cache.cacheIssue);
+         };
 
-               var osm = context.connection();
-               if (!osm) return;
+         cache.uncacheIssues = function (issues) {
+           issues.forEach(cache.uncacheIssue);
+         };
 
-               var history = context.history();
+         cache.uncacheIssuesOfType = function (type) {
+           var issuesOfType = Object.values(cache.issuesByIssueID).filter(function (issue) {
+             return issue.type === type;
+           });
+           cache.uncacheIssues(issuesOfType);
+         }; // Remove a single entity and all its related issues from the caches
 
-               var localGraph = context.graph();
-               var remoteGraph = coreGraph(history.base(), true);
 
-               var summary = history.difference().summary();
-               var _toCheck = [];
-               for (var i = 0; i < summary.length; i++) {
-                   var item = summary[i];
-                   if (item.changeType === 'modified') {
-                       _toCheck.push(item.entity.id);
-                   }
-               }
+         cache.uncacheEntityID = function (entityID) {
+           var entityIssueIDs = cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID];
 
-               var _toLoad = withChildNodes(_toCheck, localGraph);
-               var _loaded = {};
-               var _toLoadCount = 0;
-               var _toLoadTotal = _toLoad.length;
+           if (entityIssueIDs) {
+             entityIssueIDs.forEach(function (issueID) {
+               var issue = cache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
 
-               if (_toCheck.length) {
-                   dispatch$1.call('progressChanged', this, _toLoadCount, _toLoadTotal);
-                   _toLoad.forEach(function(id) { _loaded[id] = false; });
-                   osm.loadMultiple(_toLoad, loaded);
+               if (issue) {
+                 cache.uncacheIssue(issue);
                } else {
-                   upload(changeset);
+                 // shouldn't happen, clean up
+                 delete cache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
                }
+             });
+           }
 
-               return;
+           delete cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID];
+           cache.provisionalEntityIDs["delete"](entityID);
+         }; // Return the expandeded set of entityIDs related to issues for the given entityIDs
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `entityIDs` - Array or Set containing entityIDs.
+         //
 
-               function withChildNodes(ids, graph) {
-                   var s = new Set(ids);
-                   ids.forEach(function(id) {
-                       var entity = graph.entity(id);
-                       if (entity.type !== 'way') return;
 
-                       graph.childNodes(entity).forEach(function(child) {
-                           if (child.version !== undefined) {
-                               s.add(child.id);
-                           }
-                       });
+         cache.withAllRelatedEntities = function (entityIDs) {
+           var result = new Set();
+           (entityIDs || []).forEach(function (entityID) {
+             result.add(entityID); // include self
+
+             var entityIssueIDs = cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID];
+
+             if (entityIssueIDs) {
+               entityIssueIDs.forEach(function (issueID) {
+                 var issue = cache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
+
+                 if (issue) {
+                   (issue.entityIds || []).forEach(function (relatedID) {
+                     return result.add(relatedID);
                    });
+                 } else {
+                   // shouldn't happen, clean up
+                   delete cache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
+                 }
+               });
+             }
+           });
+           return result;
+         };
 
-                   return Array.from(s);
-               }
+         return cache;
+       }
 
+       function coreUploader(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8( // Start and end events are dispatched exactly once each per legitimate outside call to `save`
+         'saveStarted', // dispatched as soon as a call to `save` has been deemed legitimate
+         'saveEnded', // dispatched after the result event has been dispatched
+         'willAttemptUpload', // dispatched before the actual upload call occurs, if it will
+         'progressChanged', // Each save results in one of these outcomes:
+         'resultNoChanges', // upload wasn't attempted since there were no edits
+         'resultErrors', // upload failed due to errors
+         'resultConflicts', // upload failed due to data conflicts
+         'resultSuccess' // upload completed without errors
+         );
+         var _isSaving = false;
+         var _conflicts = [];
+         var _errors = [];
 
-               // Reload modified entities into an alternate graph and check for conflicts..
-               function loaded(err, result) {
-                   if (_errors.length) return;
+         var _origChanges;
 
-                   if (err) {
-                       _errors.push({
-                           msg: err.message || err.responseText,
-                           details: [ _t('save.status_code', { code: err.status }) ]
-                       });
-                       didResultInErrors();
+         var _discardTags = {};
+         _mainFileFetcher.get('discarded').then(function (d) {
+           _discardTags = d;
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
+         });
+         var uploader = utilRebind({}, dispatch, 'on');
 
-                   } else {
-                       var loadMore = [];
-
-                       result.data.forEach(function(entity) {
-                           remoteGraph.replace(entity);
-                           _loaded[entity.id] = true;
-                           _toLoad = _toLoad.filter(function(val) { return val !== entity.id; });
-
-                           if (!entity.visible) return;
-
-                           // Because loadMultiple doesn't download /full like loadEntity,
-                           // need to also load children that aren't already being checked..
-                           var i, id;
-                           if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                               for (i = 0; i < entity.nodes.length; i++) {
-                                   id = entity.nodes[i];
-                                   if (_loaded[id] === undefined) {
-                                       _loaded[id] = false;
-                                       loadMore.push(id);
-                                   }
-                               }
-                           } else if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
-                               for (i = 0; i < entity.members.length; i++) {
-                                   id = entity.members[i].id;
-                                   if (_loaded[id] === undefined) {
-                                       _loaded[id] = false;
-                                       loadMore.push(id);
-                                   }
-                               }
-                           }
-                       });
+         uploader.isSaving = function () {
+           return _isSaving;
+         };
 
-                       _toLoadCount += result.data.length;
-                       _toLoadTotal += loadMore.length;
-                       dispatch$1.call('progressChanged', this, _toLoadCount, _toLoadTotal);
+         uploader.save = function (changeset, tryAgain, checkConflicts) {
+           // Guard against accidentally entering save code twice - #4641
+           if (_isSaving && !tryAgain) {
+             return;
+           }
 
-                       if (loadMore.length) {
-                           _toLoad.push.apply(_toLoad, loadMore);
-                           osm.loadMultiple(loadMore, loaded);
-                       }
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           if (!osm) return; // If user somehow got logged out mid-save, try to reauthenticate..
+           // This can happen if they were logged in from before, but the tokens are no longer valid.
 
-                       if (!_toLoad.length) {
-                           detectConflicts();
-                           upload(changeset);
-                       }
-                   }
+           if (!osm.authenticated()) {
+             osm.authenticate(function (err) {
+               if (!err) {
+                 uploader.save(changeset, tryAgain, checkConflicts); // continue where we left off..
                }
+             });
+             return;
+           }
 
+           if (!_isSaving) {
+             _isSaving = true;
+             dispatch.call('saveStarted', this);
+           }
 
-               function detectConflicts() {
-                   function choice(id, text, action) {
-                       return {
-                           id: id,
-                           text: text,
-                           action: function() {
-                               history.replace(action);
-                           }
-                       };
-                   }
-                   function formatUser(d) {
-                       return '<a href="' + osm.userURL(d) + '" target="_blank">' + d + '</a>';
-                   }
-                   function entityName(entity) {
-                       return utilDisplayName(entity) || (utilDisplayType(entity.id) + ' ' + entity.id);
-                   }
+           var history = context.history();
+           _conflicts = [];
+           _errors = []; // Store original changes, in case user wants to download them as an .osc file
 
-                   function sameVersions(local, remote) {
-                       if (local.version !== remote.version) return false;
+           _origChanges = history.changes(actionDiscardTags(history.difference(), _discardTags)); // First time, `history.perform` a no-op action.
+           // Any conflict resolutions will be done as `history.replace`
+           // Remember to pop this later if needed
 
-                       if (local.type === 'way') {
-                           var children = utilArrayUnion(local.nodes, remote.nodes);
-                           for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
-                               var a = localGraph.hasEntity(children[i]);
-                               var b = remoteGraph.hasEntity(children[i]);
-                               if (a && b && a.version !== b.version) return false;
-                           }
-                       }
+           if (!tryAgain) {
+             history.perform(actionNoop());
+           } // Attempt a fast upload.. If there are conflicts, re-enter with `checkConflicts = true`
 
-                       return true;
-                   }
 
-                   _toCheck.forEach(function(id) {
-                       var local = localGraph.entity(id);
-                       var remote = remoteGraph.entity(id);
+           if (!checkConflicts) {
+             upload(changeset); // Do the full (slow) conflict check..
+           } else {
+             performFullConflictCheck(changeset);
+           }
+         };
+
+         function performFullConflictCheck(changeset) {
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           if (!osm) return;
+           var history = context.history();
+           var localGraph = context.graph();
+           var remoteGraph = coreGraph(history.base(), true);
+           var summary = history.difference().summary();
+           var _toCheck = [];
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < summary.length; i++) {
+             var item = summary[i];
 
-                       if (sameVersions(local, remote)) return;
+             if (item.changeType === 'modified') {
+               _toCheck.push(item.entity.id);
+             }
+           }
 
-                       var merge = actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, _discardTags, formatUser);
+           var _toLoad = withChildNodes(_toCheck, localGraph);
 
-                       history.replace(merge);
+           var _loaded = {};
+           var _toLoadCount = 0;
+           var _toLoadTotal = _toLoad.length;
 
-                       var mergeConflicts = merge.conflicts();
-                       if (!mergeConflicts.length) return;  // merged safely
+           if (_toCheck.length) {
+             dispatch.call('progressChanged', this, _toLoadCount, _toLoadTotal);
 
-                       var forceLocal = actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, _discardTags).withOption('force_local');
-                       var forceRemote = actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, _discardTags).withOption('force_remote');
-                       var keepMine = _t('save.conflict.' + (remote.visible ? 'keep_local' : 'restore'));
-                       var keepTheirs = _t('save.conflict.' + (remote.visible ? 'keep_remote' : 'delete'));
+             _toLoad.forEach(function (id) {
+               _loaded[id] = false;
+             });
 
-                       _conflicts.push({
-                           id: id,
-                           name: entityName(local),
-                           details: mergeConflicts,
-                           chosen: 1,
-                           choices: [
-                               choice(id, keepMine, forceLocal),
-                               choice(id, keepTheirs, forceRemote)
-                           ]
-                       });
-                   });
-               }
+             osm.loadMultiple(_toLoad, loaded);
+           } else {
+             upload(changeset);
            }
 
+           return;
 
-           function upload(changeset) {
-               var osm = context.connection();
-               if (!osm) {
-                   _errors.push({ msg: 'No OSM Service' });
-               }
+           function withChildNodes(ids, graph) {
+             var s = new Set(ids);
+             ids.forEach(function (id) {
+               var entity = graph.entity(id);
+               if (entity.type !== 'way') return;
+               graph.childNodes(entity).forEach(function (child) {
+                 if (child.version !== undefined) {
+                   s.add(child.id);
+                 }
+               });
+             });
+             return Array.from(s);
+           } // Reload modified entities into an alternate graph and check for conflicts..
 
-               if (_conflicts.length) {
-                   didResultInConflicts(changeset);
 
-               } else if (_errors.length) {
-                   didResultInErrors();
+           function loaded(err, result) {
+             if (_errors.length) return;
 
-               } else {
-                   var history = context.history();
-                   var changes = history.changes(actionDiscardTags(history.difference(), _discardTags));
-                   if (changes.modified.length || changes.created.length || changes.deleted.length) {
+             if (err) {
+               _errors.push({
+                 msg: err.message || err.responseText,
+                 details: [_t('save.status_code', {
+                   code: err.status
+                 })]
+               });
 
-                       dispatch$1.call('willAttemptUpload', this);
+               didResultInErrors();
+             } else {
+               var loadMore = [];
+               result.data.forEach(function (entity) {
+                 remoteGraph.replace(entity);
+                 _loaded[entity.id] = true;
+                 _toLoad = _toLoad.filter(function (val) {
+                   return val !== entity.id;
+                 });
+                 if (!entity.visible) return; // Because loadMultiple doesn't download /full like loadEntity,
+                 // need to also load children that aren't already being checked..
 
-                       osm.putChangeset(changeset, changes, uploadCallback);
+                 var i, id;
 
-                   } else {
-                       // changes were insignificant or reverted by user
-                       didResultInNoChanges();
-                   }
-               }
-           }
+                 if (entity.type === 'way') {
+                   for (i = 0; i < entity.nodes.length; i++) {
+                     id = entity.nodes[i];
 
+                     if (_loaded[id] === undefined) {
+                       _loaded[id] = false;
+                       loadMore.push(id);
+                     }
+                   }
+                 } else if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
+                   for (i = 0; i < entity.members.length; i++) {
+                     id = entity.members[i].id;
 
-           function uploadCallback(err, changeset) {
-               if (err) {
-                   if (err.status === 409) {  // 409 Conflict
-                       uploader.save(changeset, true, true);  // tryAgain = true, checkConflicts = true
-                   } else {
-                       _errors.push({
-                           msg: err.message || err.responseText,
-                           details: [ _t('save.status_code', { code: err.status }) ]
-                       });
-                       didResultInErrors();
+                     if (_loaded[id] === undefined) {
+                       _loaded[id] = false;
+                       loadMore.push(id);
+                     }
                    }
+                 }
+               });
+               _toLoadCount += result.data.length;
+               _toLoadTotal += loadMore.length;
+               dispatch.call('progressChanged', this, _toLoadCount, _toLoadTotal);
 
-               } else {
-                   didResultInSuccess(changeset);
+               if (loadMore.length) {
+                 _toLoad.push.apply(_toLoad, loadMore);
+
+                 osm.loadMultiple(loadMore, loaded);
+               }
+
+               if (!_toLoad.length) {
+                 detectConflicts();
+                 upload(changeset);
                }
+             }
            }
 
-           function didResultInNoChanges() {
+           function detectConflicts() {
+             function choice(id, text, _action) {
+               return {
+                 id: id,
+                 text: text,
+                 action: function action() {
+                   history.replace(_action);
+                 }
+               };
+             }
 
-               dispatch$1.call('resultNoChanges', this);
+             function formatUser(d) {
+               return '<a href="' + osm.userURL(d) + '" target="_blank">' + escape$4(d) + '</a>';
+             }
 
-               endSave();
+             function entityName(entity) {
+               return utilDisplayName(entity) || utilDisplayType(entity.id) + ' ' + entity.id;
+             }
 
-               context.flush(); // reset iD
-           }
+             function sameVersions(local, remote) {
+               if (local.version !== remote.version) return false;
 
-           function didResultInErrors() {
+               if (local.type === 'way') {
+                 var children = utilArrayUnion(local.nodes, remote.nodes);
 
-               context.history().pop();
+                 for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
+                   var a = localGraph.hasEntity(children[i]);
+                   var b = remoteGraph.hasEntity(children[i]);
+                   if (a && b && a.version !== b.version) return false;
+                 }
+               }
 
-               dispatch$1.call('resultErrors', this, _errors);
+               return true;
+             }
 
-               endSave();
+             _toCheck.forEach(function (id) {
+               var local = localGraph.entity(id);
+               var remote = remoteGraph.entity(id);
+               if (sameVersions(local, remote)) return;
+               var merge = actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, _discardTags, formatUser);
+               history.replace(merge);
+               var mergeConflicts = merge.conflicts();
+               if (!mergeConflicts.length) return; // merged safely
+
+               var forceLocal = actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, _discardTags).withOption('force_local');
+               var forceRemote = actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, _discardTags).withOption('force_remote');
+               var keepMine = _t('save.conflict.' + (remote.visible ? 'keep_local' : 'restore'));
+               var keepTheirs = _t('save.conflict.' + (remote.visible ? 'keep_remote' : 'delete'));
+
+               _conflicts.push({
+                 id: id,
+                 name: entityName(local),
+                 details: mergeConflicts,
+                 chosen: 1,
+                 choices: [choice(id, keepMine, forceLocal), choice(id, keepTheirs, forceRemote)]
+               });
+             });
            }
+         }
 
+         function upload(changeset) {
+           var osm = context.connection();
 
-           function didResultInConflicts(changeset) {
-
-               _conflicts.sort(function(a, b) { return b.id.localeCompare(a.id); });
+           if (!osm) {
+             _errors.push({
+               msg: 'No OSM Service'
+             });
+           }
 
-               dispatch$1.call('resultConflicts', this, changeset, _conflicts, _origChanges);
+           if (_conflicts.length) {
+             didResultInConflicts(changeset);
+           } else if (_errors.length) {
+             didResultInErrors();
+           } else {
+             var history = context.history();
+             var changes = history.changes(actionDiscardTags(history.difference(), _discardTags));
 
-               endSave();
+             if (changes.modified.length || changes.created.length || changes.deleted.length) {
+               dispatch.call('willAttemptUpload', this);
+               osm.putChangeset(changeset, changes, uploadCallback);
+             } else {
+               // changes were insignificant or reverted by user
+               didResultInNoChanges();
+             }
            }
+         }
 
+         function uploadCallback(err, changeset) {
+           if (err) {
+             if (err.status === 409) {
+               // 409 Conflict
+               uploader.save(changeset, true, true); // tryAgain = true, checkConflicts = true
+             } else {
+               _errors.push({
+                 msg: err.message || err.responseText,
+                 details: [_t('save.status_code', {
+                   code: err.status
+                 })]
+               });
 
-           function didResultInSuccess(changeset) {
-
-               // delete the edit stack cached to local storage
-               context.history().clearSaved();
+               didResultInErrors();
+             }
+           } else {
+             didResultInSuccess(changeset);
+           }
+         }
 
-               dispatch$1.call('resultSuccess', this, changeset);
+         function didResultInNoChanges() {
+           dispatch.call('resultNoChanges', this);
+           endSave();
+           context.flush(); // reset iD
+         }
 
-               // Add delay to allow for postgres replication #1646 #2678
-               window.setTimeout(function() {
+         function didResultInErrors() {
+           context.history().pop();
+           dispatch.call('resultErrors', this, _errors);
+           endSave();
+         }
 
-                   endSave();
+         function didResultInConflicts(changeset) {
+           _conflicts.sort(function (a, b) {
+             return b.id.localeCompare(a.id);
+           });
 
-                   context.flush(); // reset iD
-               }, 2500);
-           }
+           dispatch.call('resultConflicts', this, changeset, _conflicts, _origChanges);
+           endSave();
+         }
 
+         function didResultInSuccess(changeset) {
+           // delete the edit stack cached to local storage
+           context.history().clearSaved();
+           dispatch.call('resultSuccess', this, changeset); // Add delay to allow for postgres replication #1646 #2678
 
-           function endSave() {
-               _isSaving = false;
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             endSave();
+             context.flush(); // reset iD
+           }, 2500);
+         }
 
-               dispatch$1.call('saveEnded', this);
-           }
+         function endSave() {
+           _isSaving = false;
+           dispatch.call('saveEnded', this);
+         }
 
+         uploader.cancelConflictResolution = function () {
+           context.history().pop();
+         };
 
-           uploader.cancelConflictResolution = function() {
-               context.history().pop();
-           };
+         uploader.processResolvedConflicts = function (changeset) {
+           var history = context.history();
 
+           for (var i = 0; i < _conflicts.length; i++) {
+             if (_conflicts[i].chosen === 1) {
+               // user chose "use theirs"
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(_conflicts[i].id);
 
-           uploader.processResolvedConflicts = function(changeset) {
-               var history = context.history();
+               if (entity && entity.type === 'way') {
+                 var children = utilArrayUniq(entity.nodes);
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < _conflicts.length; i++) {
-                   if (_conflicts[i].chosen === 1) {  // user chose "use theirs"
-                       var entity = context.hasEntity(_conflicts[i].id);
-                       if (entity && entity.type === 'way') {
-                           var children = utilArrayUniq(entity.nodes);
-                           for (var j = 0; j < children.length; j++) {
-                               history.replace(actionRevert(children[j]));
-                           }
-                       }
-                       history.replace(actionRevert(_conflicts[i].id));
-                   }
+                 for (var j = 0; j < children.length; j++) {
+                   history.replace(actionRevert(children[j]));
+                 }
                }
 
-               uploader.save(changeset, true, false);  // tryAgain = true, checkConflicts = false
-           };
-
-
-           uploader.reset = function() {
+               history.replace(actionRevert(_conflicts[i].id));
+             }
+           }
 
-           };
+           uploader.save(changeset, true, false); // tryAgain = true, checkConflicts = false
+         };
 
+         uploader.reset = function () {};
 
-           return uploader;
+         return uploader;
        }
 
-       var isRetina = window.devicePixelRatio && window.devicePixelRatio >= 2;
+       var $$2 = _export;
+       var fails = fails$V;
+       var expm1 = mathExpm1;
+
+       var abs = Math.abs;
+       var exp = Math.exp;
+       var E = Math.E;
 
-       // listen for DPI change, e.g. when dragging a browser window from a retina to non-retina screen
-       window.matchMedia(`
-        (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), /* Safari */
-        (min-resolution: 2dppx),             /* standard */
-        (min-resolution: 192dpi)             /* fallback */
-    `).addListener(function() {
+       var FORCED = fails(function () {
+         // eslint-disable-next-line es/no-math-sinh -- required for testing
+         return Math.sinh(-2e-17) != -2e-17;
+       });
 
-           isRetina = window.devicePixelRatio && window.devicePixelRatio >= 2;
+       // `Math.sinh` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-math.sinh
+       // V8 near Chromium 38 has a problem with very small numbers
+       $$2({ target: 'Math', stat: true, forced: FORCED }, {
+         sinh: function sinh(x) {
+           return abs(x = +x) < 1 ? (expm1(x) - expm1(-x)) / 2 : (exp(x - 1) - exp(-x - 1)) * (E / 2);
+         }
        });
 
+       var isRetina = window.devicePixelRatio && window.devicePixelRatio >= 2; // listen for DPI change, e.g. when dragging a browser window from a retina to non-retina screen
+
+       window.matchMedia("\n        (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), /* Safari */\n        (min-resolution: 2dppx),             /* standard */\n        (min-resolution: 192dpi)             /* fallback */\n    ").addListener(function () {
+         isRetina = window.devicePixelRatio && window.devicePixelRatio >= 2;
+       });
 
        function localeDateString(s) {
-           if (!s) return null;
-           var options = { day: 'numeric', month: 'short', year: 'numeric' };
-           var d = new Date(s);
-           if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
-           return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
+         if (!s) return null;
+         var options = {
+           day: 'numeric',
+           month: 'short',
+           year: 'numeric'
+         };
+         var d = new Date(s);
+         if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
+         return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
        }
 
        function vintageRange(vintage) {
-           var s;
-           if (vintage.start || vintage.end) {
-               s = (vintage.start || '?');
-               if (vintage.start !== vintage.end) {
-                   s += ' - ' + (vintage.end || '?');
-               }
+         var s;
+
+         if (vintage.start || vintage.end) {
+           s = vintage.start || '?';
+
+           if (vintage.start !== vintage.end) {
+             s += ' - ' + (vintage.end || '?');
            }
-           return s;
-       }
+         }
 
+         return s;
+       }
 
        function rendererBackgroundSource(data) {
-           var source = Object.assign({}, data);   // shallow copy
-           var _offset = [0, 0];
-           var _name = source.name;
-           var _description = source.description;
-           var _best = !!source.best;
-           var _template = source.encrypted ? utilAesDecrypt(source.template) : source.template;
-
-           source.tileSize = data.tileSize || 256;
-           source.zoomExtent = data.zoomExtent || [0, 22];
-           source.overzoom = data.overzoom !== false;
-
-           source.offset = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _offset;
-               _offset = val;
-               return source;
-           };
-
+         var source = Object.assign({}, data); // shallow copy
 
-           source.nudge = function(val, zoomlevel) {
-               _offset[0] += val[0] / Math.pow(2, zoomlevel);
-               _offset[1] += val[1] / Math.pow(2, zoomlevel);
-               return source;
-           };
+         var _offset = [0, 0];
+         var _name = source.name;
+         var _description = source.description;
 
+         var _best = !!source.best;
 
-           source.name = function() {
-               var id_safe = source.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
-               return _t('imagery.' + id_safe + '.name', { default: _name });
-           };
+         var _template = source.encrypted ? utilAesDecrypt(source.template) : source.template;
 
+         source.tileSize = data.tileSize || 256;
+         source.zoomExtent = data.zoomExtent || [0, 22];
+         source.overzoom = data.overzoom !== false;
 
-           source.description = function() {
-               var id_safe = source.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
-               return _t('imagery.' + id_safe + '.description', { default: _description });
-           };
+         source.offset = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _offset;
+           _offset = val;
+           return source;
+         };
 
+         source.nudge = function (val, zoomlevel) {
+           _offset[0] += val[0] / Math.pow(2, zoomlevel);
+           _offset[1] += val[1] / Math.pow(2, zoomlevel);
+           return source;
+         };
 
-           source.best = function() {
-               return _best;
-           };
+         source.name = function () {
+           var id_safe = source.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
+           return _t('imagery.' + id_safe + '.name', {
+             "default": lodash.exports.escape(_name)
+           });
+         };
 
+         source.label = function () {
+           var id_safe = source.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
+           return _t.html('imagery.' + id_safe + '.name', {
+             "default": lodash.exports.escape(_name)
+           });
+         };
 
-           source.area = function() {
-               if (!data.polygon) return Number.MAX_VALUE;  // worldwide
-               var area = d3_geoArea({ type: 'MultiPolygon', coordinates: [ data.polygon ] });
-               return isNaN(area) ? 0 : area;
-           };
+         source.description = function () {
+           var id_safe = source.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
+           return _t.html('imagery.' + id_safe + '.description', {
+             "default": lodash.exports.escape(_description)
+           });
+         };
 
+         source.best = function () {
+           return _best;
+         };
 
-           source.imageryUsed = function() {
-               return name || source.id;
-           };
+         source.area = function () {
+           if (!data.polygon) return Number.MAX_VALUE; // worldwide
 
+           var area = d3_geoArea({
+             type: 'MultiPolygon',
+             coordinates: [data.polygon]
+           });
+           return isNaN(area) ? 0 : area;
+         };
 
-           source.template = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _template;
-               if (source.id === 'custom') {
-                   _template = val;
-               }
-               return source;
-           };
+         source.imageryUsed = function () {
+           return _name || source.id;
+         };
 
+         source.template = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _template;
 
-           source.url = function(coord) {
-               var result = _template;
-               if (result === '') return result;   // source 'none'
+           if (source.id === 'custom' || source.id === 'Bing') {
+             _template = val;
+           }
 
+           return source;
+         };
 
-               // Guess a type based on the tokens present in the template
-               // (This is for 'custom' source, where we don't know)
-               if (!source.type) {
-                   if (/\{(proj|wkid|bbox)\}/.test(_template)) {
-                       source.type = 'wms';
-                       source.projection = 'EPSG:3857';  // guess
-                   } else if (/\{(x|y)\}/.test(_template)) {
-                       source.type = 'tms';
-                   } else if (/\{u\}/.test(_template)) {
-                       source.type = 'bing';
-                   }
-               }
+         source.url = function (coord) {
+           var result = _template;
+           if (result === '') return result; // source 'none'
+           // Guess a type based on the tokens present in the template
+           // (This is for 'custom' source, where we don't know)
 
+           if (!source.type || source.id === 'custom') {
+             if (/SERVICE=WMS|\{(proj|wkid|bbox)\}/.test(_template)) {
+               source.type = 'wms';
+               source.projection = 'EPSG:3857'; // guess
+             } else if (/\{(x|y)\}/.test(_template)) {
+               source.type = 'tms';
+             } else if (/\{u\}/.test(_template)) {
+               source.type = 'bing';
+             }
+           }
 
-               if (source.type === 'wms') {
-                   var tileToProjectedCoords = (function(x, y, z) {
-                       //polyfill for IE11, PhantomJS
-                       var sinh = Math.sinh || function(x) {
-                           var y = Math.exp(x);
-                           return (y - 1 / y) / 2;
-                       };
+           if (source.type === 'wms') {
+             var tileToProjectedCoords = function tileToProjectedCoords(x, y, z) {
+               //polyfill for IE11, PhantomJS
+               var sinh = Math.sinh || function (x) {
+                 var y = Math.exp(x);
+                 return (y - 1 / y) / 2;
+               };
 
-                       var zoomSize = Math.pow(2, z);
-                       var lon = x / zoomSize * Math.PI * 2 - Math.PI;
-                       var lat = Math.atan(sinh(Math.PI * (1 - 2 * y / zoomSize)));
-
-                       switch (source.projection) {
-                           case 'EPSG:4326':
-                               return {
-                                   x: lon * 180 / Math.PI,
-                                   y: lat * 180 / Math.PI
-                               };
-                           default: // EPSG:3857 and synonyms
-                               var mercCoords = mercatorRaw(lon, lat);
-                               return {
-                                   x: 20037508.34 / Math.PI * mercCoords[0],
-                                   y: 20037508.34 / Math.PI * mercCoords[1]
-                               };
-                       }
-                   });
+               var zoomSize = Math.pow(2, z);
+               var lon = x / zoomSize * Math.PI * 2 - Math.PI;
+               var lat = Math.atan(sinh(Math.PI * (1 - 2 * y / zoomSize)));
 
-                   var tileSize = source.tileSize;
-                   var projection = source.projection;
-                   var minXmaxY = tileToProjectedCoords(coord[0], coord[1], coord[2]);
-                   var maxXminY = tileToProjectedCoords(coord[0]+1, coord[1]+1, coord[2]);
-
-                   result = result.replace(/\{(\w+)\}/g, function (token, key) {
-                     switch (key) {
-                       case 'width':
-                       case 'height':
-                         return tileSize;
-                       case 'proj':
-                         return projection;
-                       case 'wkid':
-                         return projection.replace(/^EPSG:/, '');
-                       case 'bbox':
-                         return minXmaxY.x + ',' + maxXminY.y + ',' + maxXminY.x + ',' + minXmaxY.y;
-                       case 'w':
-                         return minXmaxY.x;
-                       case 's':
-                         return maxXminY.y;
-                       case 'n':
-                         return maxXminY.x;
-                       case 'e':
-                         return minXmaxY.y;
-                       default:
-                         return token;
-                     }
-                   });
+               switch (source.projection) {
+                 case 'EPSG:4326':
+                   return {
+                     x: lon * 180 / Math.PI,
+                     y: lat * 180 / Math.PI
+                   };
 
-               } else if (source.type === 'tms') {
-                   result = result
-                       .replace('{x}', coord[0])
-                       .replace('{y}', coord[1])
-                       // TMS-flipped y coordinate
-                       .replace(/\{[t-]y\}/, Math.pow(2, coord[2]) - coord[1] - 1)
-                       .replace(/\{z(oom)?\}/, coord[2])
-                       // only fetch retina tiles for retina screens
-                       .replace(/\{@2x\}|\{r\}/, isRetina ? '@2x' : '');
-
-               } else if (source.type === 'bing') {
-                   result = result
-                       .replace('{u}', function() {
-                           var u = '';
-                           for (var zoom = coord[2]; zoom > 0; zoom--) {
-                               var b = 0;
-                               var mask = 1 << (zoom - 1);
-                               if ((coord[0] & mask) !== 0) b++;
-                               if ((coord[1] & mask) !== 0) b += 2;
-                               u += b.toString();
-                           }
-                           return u;
-                       });
+                 default:
+                   // EPSG:3857 and synonyms
+                   var mercCoords = mercatorRaw(lon, lat);
+                   return {
+                     x: 20037508.34 / Math.PI * mercCoords[0],
+                     y: 20037508.34 / Math.PI * mercCoords[1]
+                   };
                }
+             };
 
-               // these apply to any type..
-               result = result.replace(/\{switch:([^}]+)\}/, function(s, r) {
-                   var subdomains = r.split(',');
-                   return subdomains[(coord[0] + coord[1]) % subdomains.length];
-               });
+             var tileSize = source.tileSize;
+             var projection = source.projection;
+             var minXmaxY = tileToProjectedCoords(coord[0], coord[1], coord[2]);
+             var maxXminY = tileToProjectedCoords(coord[0] + 1, coord[1] + 1, coord[2]);
+             result = result.replace(/\{(\w+)\}/g, function (token, key) {
+               switch (key) {
+                 case 'width':
+                 case 'height':
+                   return tileSize;
+
+                 case 'proj':
+                   return projection;
+
+                 case 'wkid':
+                   return projection.replace(/^EPSG:/, '');
+
+                 case 'bbox':
+                   // WMS 1.3 flips x/y for some coordinate systems including EPSG:4326 - #7557
+                   if (projection === 'EPSG:4326' && // The CRS parameter implies version 1.3 (prior versions use SRS)
+                   /VERSION=1.3|CRS={proj}/.test(source.template().toUpperCase())) {
+                     return maxXminY.y + ',' + minXmaxY.x + ',' + minXmaxY.y + ',' + maxXminY.x;
+                   } else {
+                     return minXmaxY.x + ',' + maxXminY.y + ',' + maxXminY.x + ',' + minXmaxY.y;
+                   }
 
+                 case 'w':
+                   return minXmaxY.x;
 
-               return result;
-           };
+                 case 's':
+                   return maxXminY.y;
 
+                 case 'n':
+                   return maxXminY.x;
 
-           source.validZoom = function(z) {
-               return source.zoomExtent[0] <= z &&
-                   (source.overzoom || source.zoomExtent[1] > z);
-           };
+                 case 'e':
+                   return minXmaxY.y;
 
+                 default:
+                   return token;
+               }
+             });
+           } else if (source.type === 'tms') {
+             result = result.replace('{x}', coord[0]).replace('{y}', coord[1]) // TMS-flipped y coordinate
+             .replace(/\{[t-]y\}/, Math.pow(2, coord[2]) - coord[1] - 1).replace(/\{z(oom)?\}/, coord[2]) // only fetch retina tiles for retina screens
+             .replace(/\{@2x\}|\{r\}/, isRetina ? '@2x' : '');
+           } else if (source.type === 'bing') {
+             result = result.replace('{u}', function () {
+               var u = '';
+
+               for (var zoom = coord[2]; zoom > 0; zoom--) {
+                 var b = 0;
+                 var mask = 1 << zoom - 1;
+                 if ((coord[0] & mask) !== 0) b++;
+                 if ((coord[1] & mask) !== 0) b += 2;
+                 u += b.toString();
+               }
+
+               return u;
+             });
+           } // these apply to any type..
 
-           source.isLocatorOverlay = function() {
-               return source.id === 'mapbox_locator_overlay';
-           };
 
+           result = result.replace(/\{switch:([^}]+)\}/, function (s, r) {
+             var subdomains = r.split(',');
+             return subdomains[(coord[0] + coord[1]) % subdomains.length];
+           });
+           return result;
+         };
 
-           /* hides a source from the list, but leaves it available for use */
-           source.isHidden = function() {
-               return source.id === 'DigitalGlobe-Premium-vintage' ||
-                   source.id === 'DigitalGlobe-Standard-vintage';
-           };
+         source.validZoom = function (z) {
+           return source.zoomExtent[0] <= z && (source.overzoom || source.zoomExtent[1] > z);
+         };
 
+         source.isLocatorOverlay = function () {
+           return source.id === 'mapbox_locator_overlay';
+         };
+         /* hides a source from the list, but leaves it available for use */
 
-           source.copyrightNotices = function() {};
 
+         source.isHidden = function () {
+           return source.id === 'DigitalGlobe-Premium-vintage' || source.id === 'DigitalGlobe-Standard-vintage';
+         };
 
-           source.getMetadata = function(center, tileCoord, callback) {
-               var vintage = {
-                   start: localeDateString(source.startDate),
-                   end: localeDateString(source.endDate)
-               };
-               vintage.range = vintageRange(vintage);
+         source.copyrightNotices = function () {};
 
-               var metadata = { vintage: vintage };
-               callback(null, metadata);
+         source.getMetadata = function (center, tileCoord, callback) {
+           var vintage = {
+             start: localeDateString(source.startDate),
+             end: localeDateString(source.endDate)
            };
+           vintage.range = vintageRange(vintage);
+           var metadata = {
+             vintage: vintage
+           };
+           callback(null, metadata);
+         };
 
-
-           return source;
+         return source;
        }
 
+       rendererBackgroundSource.Bing = function (data, dispatch) {
+         // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/bingmaps/rest-services/imagery/get-imagery-metadata
+         // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/bingmaps/rest-services/directly-accessing-the-bing-maps-tiles
+         //fallback url template
+         data.template = 'https://ecn.t{switch:0,1,2,3}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/a{u}.jpeg?g=587&n=z';
+         var bing = rendererBackgroundSource(data); //var key = 'Arzdiw4nlOJzRwOz__qailc8NiR31Tt51dN2D7cm57NrnceZnCpgOkmJhNpGoppU'; // P2, JOSM, etc
 
-       rendererBackgroundSource.Bing = function(data, dispatch) {
-           // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff701716.aspx
-           // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff701701.aspx
-
-           data.template = 'https://ecn.t{switch:0,1,2,3}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/a{u}.jpeg?g=587&mkt=en-gb&n=z';
+         var key = 'Ak5oTE46TUbjRp08OFVcGpkARErDobfpuyNKa-W2mQ8wbt1K1KL8p1bIRwWwcF-Q'; // iD
 
-           var bing = rendererBackgroundSource(data);
-           // var key = 'Arzdiw4nlOJzRwOz__qailc8NiR31Tt51dN2D7cm57NrnceZnCpgOkmJhNpGoppU'; // P2, JOSM, etc
-           var key = 'Ak5oTE46TUbjRp08OFVcGpkARErDobfpuyNKa-W2mQ8wbt1K1KL8p1bIRwWwcF-Q';    // iD
-
-
-           var url = 'https://dev.virtualearth.net/REST/v1/Imagery/Metadata/Aerial?include=ImageryProviders&key=' + key;
-           var cache = {};
-           var inflight = {};
-           var providers = [];
-
-           d3_json(url)
-               .then(function(json) {
-                   providers = json.resourceSets[0].resources[0].imageryProviders.map(function(provider) {
-                       return {
-                           attribution: provider.attribution,
-                           areas: provider.coverageAreas.map(function(area) {
-                               return {
-                                   zoom: [area.zoomMin, area.zoomMax],
-                                   extent: geoExtent([area.bbox[1], area.bbox[0]], [area.bbox[3], area.bbox[2]])
-                               };
-                           })
-                       };
-                   });
-                   dispatch.call('change');
-               })
-               .catch(function() {
-                   /* ignore */
-               });
+         /*
+         missing tile image strictness param (n=)
+         •   n=f -> (Fail) returns a 404
+         •   n=z -> (Empty) returns a 200 with 0 bytes (no content)
+         •   n=t -> (Transparent) returns a 200 with a transparent (png) tile
+         */
 
+         var strictParam = 'n';
+         var url = 'https://dev.virtualearth.net/REST/v1/Imagery/Metadata/Aerial?include=ImageryProviders&uriScheme=https&key=' + key;
+         var cache = {};
+         var inflight = {};
+         var providers = [];
+         d3_json(url).then(function (json) {
+           var imageryResource = json.resourceSets[0].resources[0]; //retrieve and prepare up to date imagery template
 
-           bing.copyrightNotices = function(zoom, extent) {
-               zoom = Math.min(zoom, 21);
-               return providers.filter(function(provider) {
-                   return provider.areas.some(function(area) {
-                       return extent.intersects(area.extent) &&
-                           area.zoom[0] <= zoom &&
-                           area.zoom[1] >= zoom;
-                   });
-               }).map(function(provider) {
-                   return provider.attribution;
-               }).join(', ');
-           };
+           var template = imageryResource.imageUrl; //https://ecn.{subdomain}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/a{quadkey}.jpeg?g=10339
 
+           var subDomains = imageryResource.imageUrlSubdomains; //["t0, t1, t2, t3"]
 
-           bing.getMetadata = function(center, tileCoord, callback) {
-               var tileID = tileCoord.slice(0, 3).join('/');
-               var zoom = Math.min(tileCoord[2], 21);
-               var centerPoint = center[1] + ',' + center[0];  // lat,lng
-               var url = 'https://dev.virtualearth.net/REST/v1/Imagery/Metadata/Aerial/' + centerPoint +
-                       '?zl=' + zoom + '&key=' + key;
+           var subDomainNumbers = subDomains.map(function (subDomain) {
+             return subDomain.substring(1);
+           }).join(',');
+           template = template.replace('{subdomain}', "t{switch:".concat(subDomainNumbers, "}")).replace('{quadkey}', '{u}');
 
-               if (inflight[tileID]) return;
+           if (!new URLSearchParams(template).has(strictParam)) {
+             template += "&".concat(strictParam, "=z");
+           }
 
-               if (!cache[tileID]) {
-                   cache[tileID] = {};
-               }
-               if (cache[tileID] && cache[tileID].metadata) {
-                   return callback(null, cache[tileID].metadata);
-               }
+           bing.template(template);
+           providers = imageryResource.imageryProviders.map(function (provider) {
+             return {
+               attribution: provider.attribution,
+               areas: provider.coverageAreas.map(function (area) {
+                 return {
+                   zoom: [area.zoomMin, area.zoomMax],
+                   extent: geoExtent([area.bbox[1], area.bbox[0]], [area.bbox[3], area.bbox[2]])
+                 };
+               })
+             };
+           });
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
+         });
 
-               inflight[tileID] = true;
-               d3_json(url)
-                   .then(function(result) {
-                       delete inflight[tileID];
-                       if (!result) {
-                           throw new Error('Unknown Error');
-                       }
-                       var vintage = {
-                           start: localeDateString(result.resourceSets[0].resources[0].vintageStart),
-                           end: localeDateString(result.resourceSets[0].resources[0].vintageEnd)
-                       };
-                       vintage.range = vintageRange(vintage);
-
-                       var metadata = { vintage: vintage };
-                       cache[tileID].metadata = metadata;
-                       if (callback) callback(null, metadata);
-                   })
-                   .catch(function(err) {
-                       delete inflight[tileID];
-                       if (callback) callback(err.message);
-                   });
-           };
+         bing.copyrightNotices = function (zoom, extent) {
+           zoom = Math.min(zoom, 21);
+           return providers.filter(function (provider) {
+             return provider.areas.some(function (area) {
+               return extent.intersects(area.extent) && area.zoom[0] <= zoom && area.zoom[1] >= zoom;
+             });
+           }).map(function (provider) {
+             return provider.attribution;
+           }).join(', ');
+         };
 
+         bing.getMetadata = function (center, tileCoord, callback) {
+           var tileID = tileCoord.slice(0, 3).join('/');
+           var zoom = Math.min(tileCoord[2], 21);
+           var centerPoint = center[1] + ',' + center[0]; // lat,lng
 
-           bing.terms_url = 'https://blog.openstreetmap.org/2010/11/30/microsoft-imagery-details';
+           var url = 'https://dev.virtualearth.net/REST/v1/Imagery/Metadata/Aerial/' + centerPoint + '?zl=' + zoom + '&key=' + key;
+           if (inflight[tileID]) return;
 
+           if (!cache[tileID]) {
+             cache[tileID] = {};
+           }
 
-           return bing;
-       };
+           if (cache[tileID] && cache[tileID].metadata) {
+             return callback(null, cache[tileID].metadata);
+           }
 
+           inflight[tileID] = true;
+           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+             delete inflight[tileID];
 
+             if (!result) {
+               throw new Error('Unknown Error');
+             }
 
-       rendererBackgroundSource.Esri = function(data) {
-           // in addition to using the tilemap at zoom level 20, overzoom real tiles - #4327 (deprecated technique, but it works)
-           if (data.template.match(/blankTile/) === null) {
-               data.template = data.template + '?blankTile=false';
-           }
+             var vintage = {
+               start: localeDateString(result.resourceSets[0].resources[0].vintageStart),
+               end: localeDateString(result.resourceSets[0].resources[0].vintageEnd)
+             };
+             vintage.range = vintageRange(vintage);
+             var metadata = {
+               vintage: vintage
+             };
+             cache[tileID].metadata = metadata;
+             if (callback) callback(null, metadata);
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             delete inflight[tileID];
+             if (callback) callback(err.message);
+           });
+         };
 
-           var esri = rendererBackgroundSource(data);
-           var cache = {};
-           var inflight = {};
-           var _prevCenter;
+         bing.terms_url = 'https://blog.openstreetmap.org/2010/11/30/microsoft-imagery-details';
+         return bing;
+       };
 
-           // use a tilemap service to set maximum zoom for esri tiles dynamically
-           // https://developers.arcgis.com/documentation/tiled-elevation-service/
-           esri.fetchTilemap = function(center) {
-               // skip if we have already fetched a tilemap within 5km
-               if (_prevCenter && geoSphericalDistance(center, _prevCenter) < 5000) return;
-               _prevCenter = center;
+       rendererBackgroundSource.Esri = function (data) {
+         // in addition to using the tilemap at zoom level 20, overzoom real tiles - #4327 (deprecated technique, but it works)
+         if (data.template.match(/blankTile/) === null) {
+           data.template = data.template + '?blankTile=false';
+         }
 
-               // tiles are available globally to zoom level 19, afterward they may or may not be present
-               var z = 20;
+         var esri = rendererBackgroundSource(data);
+         var cache = {};
+         var inflight = {};
 
-               // first generate a random url using the template
-               var dummyUrl = esri.url([1,2,3]);
+         var _prevCenter; // use a tilemap service to set maximum zoom for esri tiles dynamically
+         // https://developers.arcgis.com/documentation/tiled-elevation-service/
 
-               // calculate url z/y/x from the lat/long of the center of the map
-               var x = (Math.floor((center[0] + 180) / 360 * Math.pow(2, z)));
-               var y = (Math.floor((1 - Math.log(Math.tan(center[1] * Math.PI / 180) + 1 / Math.cos(center[1] * Math.PI / 180)) / Math.PI) / 2 * Math.pow(2, z)));
 
-               // fetch an 8x8 grid to leverage cache
-               var tilemapUrl = dummyUrl.replace(/tile\/[0-9]+\/[0-9]+\/[0-9]+\?blankTile=false/, 'tilemap') + '/' + z + '/' + y + '/' + x + '/8/8';
+         esri.fetchTilemap = function (center) {
+           // skip if we have already fetched a tilemap within 5km
+           if (_prevCenter && geoSphericalDistance(center, _prevCenter) < 5000) return;
+           _prevCenter = center; // tiles are available globally to zoom level 19, afterward they may or may not be present
 
-               // make the request and introspect the response from the tilemap server
-               d3_json(tilemapUrl)
-                   .then(function(tilemap) {
-                       if (!tilemap) {
-                           throw new Error('Unknown Error');
-                       }
-                       var hasTiles = true;
-                       for (var i = 0; i < tilemap.data.length; i++) {
-                           // 0 means an individual tile in the grid doesn't exist
-                           if (!tilemap.data[i]) {
-                               hasTiles = false;
-                               break;
-                           }
-                       }
+           var z = 20; // first generate a random url using the template
 
-                       // if any tiles are missing at level 20 we restrict maxZoom to 19
-                       esri.zoomExtent[1] = (hasTiles ? 22 : 19);
-                   })
-                   .catch(function() {
-                       /* ignore */
-                   });
-           };
+           var dummyUrl = esri.url([1, 2, 3]); // calculate url z/y/x from the lat/long of the center of the map
 
+           var x = Math.floor((center[0] + 180) / 360 * Math.pow(2, z));
+           var y = Math.floor((1 - Math.log(Math.tan(center[1] * Math.PI / 180) + 1 / Math.cos(center[1] * Math.PI / 180)) / Math.PI) / 2 * Math.pow(2, z)); // fetch an 8x8 grid to leverage cache
 
-           esri.getMetadata = function(center, tileCoord, callback) {
-               var tileID = tileCoord.slice(0, 3).join('/');
-               var zoom = Math.min(tileCoord[2], esri.zoomExtent[1]);
-               var centerPoint = center[0] + ',' + center[1];  // long, lat (as it should be)
-               var unknown = _t('info_panels.background.unknown');
-               var metadataLayer;
-               var vintage = {};
-               var metadata = {};
+           var tilemapUrl = dummyUrl.replace(/tile\/[0-9]+\/[0-9]+\/[0-9]+\?blankTile=false/, 'tilemap') + '/' + z + '/' + y + '/' + x + '/8/8'; // make the request and introspect the response from the tilemap server
 
-               if (inflight[tileID]) return;
+           d3_json(tilemapUrl).then(function (tilemap) {
+             if (!tilemap) {
+               throw new Error('Unknown Error');
+             }
 
-               switch (true) {
-                   case (zoom >= 20 && esri.id === 'EsriWorldImageryClarity'):
-                       metadataLayer = 4;
-                       break;
-                   case zoom >= 19:
-                       metadataLayer = 3;
-                       break;
-                   case zoom >= 17:
-                       metadataLayer = 2;
-                       break;
-                   case zoom >= 13:
-                       metadataLayer = 0;
-                       break;
-                   default:
-                       metadataLayer = 99;
-               }
+             var hasTiles = true;
 
-               var url;
-               // build up query using the layer appropriate to the current zoom
-               if (esri.id === 'EsriWorldImagery') {
-                   url = 'https://services.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/services/World_Imagery/MapServer/';
-               } else if (esri.id === 'EsriWorldImageryClarity') {
-                   url = 'https://serviceslab.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/services/Clarity_World_Imagery/MapServer/';
+             for (var i = 0; i < tilemap.data.length; i++) {
+               // 0 means an individual tile in the grid doesn't exist
+               if (!tilemap.data[i]) {
+                 hasTiles = false;
+                 break;
                }
+             } // if any tiles are missing at level 20 we restrict maxZoom to 19
 
-               url += metadataLayer + '/query?returnGeometry=false&geometry=' + centerPoint + '&inSR=4326&geometryType=esriGeometryPoint&outFields=*&f=json';
 
-               if (!cache[tileID]) {
-                   cache[tileID] = {};
-               }
-               if (cache[tileID] && cache[tileID].metadata) {
-                   return callback(null, cache[tileID].metadata);
-               }
+             esri.zoomExtent[1] = hasTiles ? 22 : 19;
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             /* ignore */
+           });
+         };
 
-               // accurate metadata is only available >= 13
-               if (metadataLayer === 99) {
-                   vintage = {
-                       start: null,
-                       end: null,
-                       range: null
-                   };
-                   metadata = {
-                       vintage: null,
-                       source: unknown,
-                       description: unknown,
-                       resolution: unknown,
-                       accuracy: unknown
-                   };
+         esri.getMetadata = function (center, tileCoord, callback) {
+           if (esri.id !== 'EsriWorldImagery') {
+             // rest endpoint is not available for ESRI's "clarity" imagery
+             return callback(null, {});
+           }
 
-                   callback(null, metadata);
+           var tileID = tileCoord.slice(0, 3).join('/');
+           var zoom = Math.min(tileCoord[2], esri.zoomExtent[1]);
+           var centerPoint = center[0] + ',' + center[1]; // long, lat (as it should be)
 
-               } else {
-                   inflight[tileID] = true;
-                   d3_json(url)
-                       .then(function(result) {
-                           delete inflight[tileID];
-                           if (!result) {
-                               throw new Error('Unknown Error');
-                           } else if (result.features && result.features.length < 1) {
-                               throw new Error('No Results');
-                           } else if (result.error && result.error.message) {
-                               throw new Error(result.error.message);
-                           }
+           var unknown = _t('info_panels.background.unknown');
+           var vintage = {};
+           var metadata = {};
+           if (inflight[tileID]) return; // build up query using the layer appropriate to the current zoom
 
-                           // pass through the discrete capture date from metadata
-                           var captureDate = localeDateString(result.features[0].attributes.SRC_DATE2);
-                           vintage = {
-                               start: captureDate,
-                               end: captureDate,
-                               range: captureDate
-                           };
-                           metadata = {
-                               vintage: vintage,
-                               source: clean(result.features[0].attributes.NICE_NAME),
-                               description: clean(result.features[0].attributes.NICE_DESC),
-                               resolution: clean(+parseFloat(result.features[0].attributes.SRC_RES).toFixed(4)),
-                               accuracy: clean(+parseFloat(result.features[0].attributes.SRC_ACC).toFixed(4))
-                           };
-
-                           // append units - meters
-                           if (isFinite(metadata.resolution)) {
-                               metadata.resolution += ' m';
-                           }
-                           if (isFinite(metadata.accuracy)) {
-                               metadata.accuracy += ' m';
-                           }
+           var url = 'https://services.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/services/World_Imagery/MapServer/4/query';
+           url += '?returnGeometry=false&geometry=' + centerPoint + '&inSR=4326&geometryType=esriGeometryPoint&outFields=*&f=json';
 
-                           cache[tileID].metadata = metadata;
-                           if (callback) callback(null, metadata);
-                       })
-                       .catch(function(err) {
-                           delete inflight[tileID];
-                           if (callback) callback(err.message);
-                       });
-               }
+           if (!cache[tileID]) {
+             cache[tileID] = {};
+           }
 
+           if (cache[tileID] && cache[tileID].metadata) {
+             return callback(null, cache[tileID].metadata);
+           }
 
-               function clean(val) {
-                   return String(val).trim() || unknown;
-               }
-           };
+           inflight[tileID] = true;
+           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+             delete inflight[tileID];
+             result = result.features.map(function (f) {
+               return f.attributes;
+             }).filter(function (a) {
+               return a.MinMapLevel <= zoom && a.MaxMapLevel >= zoom;
+             })[0];
 
-           return esri;
-       };
+             if (!result) {
+               throw new Error('Unknown Error');
+             } else if (result.features && result.features.length < 1) {
+               throw new Error('No Results');
+             } else if (result.error && result.error.message) {
+               throw new Error(result.error.message);
+             } // pass through the discrete capture date from metadata
 
 
-       rendererBackgroundSource.None = function() {
-           var source = rendererBackgroundSource({ id: 'none', template: '' });
+             var captureDate = localeDateString(result.SRC_DATE2);
+             vintage = {
+               start: captureDate,
+               end: captureDate,
+               range: captureDate
+             };
+             metadata = {
+               vintage: vintage,
+               source: clean(result.NICE_NAME),
+               description: clean(result.NICE_DESC),
+               resolution: clean(+parseFloat(result.SRC_RES).toFixed(4)),
+               accuracy: clean(+parseFloat(result.SRC_ACC).toFixed(4))
+             }; // append units - meters
 
+             if (isFinite(metadata.resolution)) {
+               metadata.resolution += ' m';
+             }
 
-           source.name = function() {
-               return _t('background.none');
-           };
+             if (isFinite(metadata.accuracy)) {
+               metadata.accuracy += ' m';
+             }
 
+             cache[tileID].metadata = metadata;
+             if (callback) callback(null, metadata);
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             delete inflight[tileID];
+             if (callback) callback(err.message);
+           });
 
-           source.imageryUsed = function() {
-               return null;
-           };
+           function clean(val) {
+             return String(val).trim() || unknown;
+           }
+         };
 
+         return esri;
+       };
 
-           source.area = function() {
-               return -1;  // sources in background pane are sorted by area
-           };
+       rendererBackgroundSource.None = function () {
+         var source = rendererBackgroundSource({
+           id: 'none',
+           template: ''
+         });
 
+         source.name = function () {
+           return _t('background.none');
+         };
 
-           return source;
-       };
+         source.label = function () {
+           return _t.html('background.none');
+         };
 
+         source.imageryUsed = function () {
+           return null;
+         };
 
-       rendererBackgroundSource.Custom = function(template) {
-           var source = rendererBackgroundSource({ id: 'custom', template: template });
+         source.area = function () {
+           return -1; // sources in background pane are sorted by area
+         };
 
+         return source;
+       };
 
-           source.name = function() {
-               return _t('background.custom');
-           };
+       rendererBackgroundSource.Custom = function (template) {
+         var source = rendererBackgroundSource({
+           id: 'custom',
+           template: template
+         });
 
+         source.name = function () {
+           return _t('background.custom');
+         };
 
-           source.imageryUsed = function() {
-               // sanitize personal connection tokens - #6801
-               var cleaned = source.template();
+         source.label = function () {
+           return _t.html('background.custom');
+         };
 
-               // from query string parameters
-               if (cleaned.indexOf('?') !== -1) {
-                   var parts = cleaned.split('?', 2);
-                   var qs = utilStringQs(parts[1]);
+         source.imageryUsed = function () {
+           // sanitize personal connection tokens - #6801
+           var cleaned = source.template(); // from query string parameters
 
-                   ['access_token', 'connectId', 'token'].forEach(function(param) {
-                       if (qs[param]) {
-                           qs[param] = '{apikey}';
-                       }
-                   });
-                   cleaned = parts[0] + '?' + utilQsString(qs, true);  // true = soft encode
+           if (cleaned.indexOf('?') !== -1) {
+             var parts = cleaned.split('?', 2);
+             var qs = utilStringQs(parts[1]);
+             ['access_token', 'connectId', 'token'].forEach(function (param) {
+               if (qs[param]) {
+                 qs[param] = '{apikey}';
                }
-
-               // from wms/wmts api path parameters
-               cleaned = cleaned.replace(/token\/(\w+)/, 'token/{apikey}');
-
-               return 'Custom (' + cleaned + ' )';
-           };
+             });
+             cleaned = parts[0] + '?' + utilQsString(qs, true); // true = soft encode
+           } // from wms/wmts api path parameters
 
 
-           source.area = function() {
-               return -2;  // sources in background pane are sorted by area
-           };
+           cleaned = cleaned.replace(/token\/(\w+)/, 'token/{apikey}');
+           return 'Custom (' + cleaned + ' )';
+         };
 
+         source.area = function () {
+           return -2; // sources in background pane are sorted by area
+         };
 
-           return source;
+         return source;
        };
 
        function rendererTileLayer(context) {
-           var transformProp = utilPrefixCSSProperty('Transform');
-           var tiler = utilTiler();
+         var transformProp = utilPrefixCSSProperty('Transform');
+         var tiler = utilTiler();
+         var _tileSize = 256;
 
-           var _tileSize = 256;
-           var _projection;
-           var _cache = {};
-           var _tileOrigin;
-           var _zoom;
-           var _source;
+         var _projection;
 
+         var _cache = {};
 
-           function tileSizeAtZoom(d, z) {
-               var EPSILON = 0.002;    // close seams
-               return ((_tileSize * Math.pow(2, z - d[2])) / _tileSize) + EPSILON;
-           }
-
+         var _tileOrigin;
 
-           function atZoom(t, distance) {
-               var power = Math.pow(2, distance);
-               return [
-                   Math.floor(t[0] * power),
-                   Math.floor(t[1] * power),
-                   t[2] + distance
-               ];
-           }
+         var _zoom;
 
+         var _source;
 
-           function lookUp(d) {
-               for (var up = -1; up > -d[2]; up--) {
-                   var tile = atZoom(d, up);
-                   if (_cache[_source.url(tile)] !== false) {
-                       return tile;
-                   }
-               }
-           }
+         function tileSizeAtZoom(d, z) {
+           var EPSILON = 0.002; // close seams
 
+           return _tileSize * Math.pow(2, z - d[2]) / _tileSize + EPSILON;
+         }
 
-           function uniqueBy(a, n) {
-               var o = [];
-               var seen = {};
-               for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
-                   if (seen[a[i][n]] === undefined) {
-                       o.push(a[i]);
-                       seen[a[i][n]] = true;
-                   }
-               }
-               return o;
-           }
+         function atZoom(t, distance) {
+           var power = Math.pow(2, distance);
+           return [Math.floor(t[0] * power), Math.floor(t[1] * power), t[2] + distance];
+         }
 
+         function lookUp(d) {
+           for (var up = -1; up > -d[2]; up--) {
+             var tile = atZoom(d, up);
 
-           function addSource(d) {
-               d.push(_source.url(d));
-               return d;
+             if (_cache[_source.url(tile)] !== false) {
+               return tile;
+             }
            }
+         }
 
+         function uniqueBy(a, n) {
+           var o = [];
+           var seen = {};
 
-           // Update tiles based on current state of `projection`.
-           function background(selection) {
-               _zoom = geoScaleToZoom(_projection.scale(), _tileSize);
+           for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+             if (seen[a[i][n]] === undefined) {
+               o.push(a[i]);
+               seen[a[i][n]] = true;
+             }
+           }
 
-               var pixelOffset;
-               if (_source) {
-                   pixelOffset = [
-                       _source.offset()[0] * Math.pow(2, _zoom),
-                       _source.offset()[1] * Math.pow(2, _zoom)
-                   ];
-               } else {
-                   pixelOffset = [0, 0];
-               }
+           return o;
+         }
 
-               var translate = [
-                   _projection.translate()[0] + pixelOffset[0],
-                   _projection.translate()[1] + pixelOffset[1]
-               ];
+         function addSource(d) {
+           d.push(_source.url(d));
+           return d;
+         } // Update tiles based on current state of `projection`.
 
-               tiler
-                   .scale(_projection.scale() * 2 * Math.PI)
-                   .translate(translate);
 
-               _tileOrigin = [
-                   _projection.scale() * Math.PI - translate[0],
-                   _projection.scale() * Math.PI - translate[1]
-               ];
+         function background(selection) {
+           _zoom = geoScaleToZoom(_projection.scale(), _tileSize);
+           var pixelOffset;
 
-               render(selection);
+           if (_source) {
+             pixelOffset = [_source.offset()[0] * Math.pow(2, _zoom), _source.offset()[1] * Math.pow(2, _zoom)];
+           } else {
+             pixelOffset = [0, 0];
            }
 
+           var translate = [_projection.translate()[0] + pixelOffset[0], _projection.translate()[1] + pixelOffset[1]];
+           tiler.scale(_projection.scale() * 2 * Math.PI).translate(translate);
+           _tileOrigin = [_projection.scale() * Math.PI - translate[0], _projection.scale() * Math.PI - translate[1]];
+           render(selection);
+         } // Derive the tiles onscreen, remove those offscreen and position them.
+         // Important that this part not depend on `_projection` because it's
+         // rentered when tiles load/error (see #644).
 
-           // Derive the tiles onscreen, remove those offscreen and position them.
-           // Important that this part not depend on `_projection` because it's
-           // rentered when tiles load/error (see #644).
-           function render(selection) {
-               if (!_source) return;
-               var requests = [];
-               var showDebug = context.getDebug('tile') && !_source.overlay;
-
-               if (_source.validZoom(_zoom)) {
-                   tiler.skipNullIsland(!!_source.overlay);
 
-                   tiler().forEach(function(d) {
-                       addSource(d);
-                       if (d[3] === '') return;
-                       if (typeof d[3] !== 'string') return; // Workaround for #2295
-                       requests.push(d);
-                       if (_cache[d[3]] === false && lookUp(d)) {
-                           requests.push(addSource(lookUp(d)));
-                       }
-                   });
+         function render(selection) {
+           if (!_source) return;
+           var requests = [];
+           var showDebug = context.getDebug('tile') && !_source.overlay;
 
-                   requests = uniqueBy(requests, 3).filter(function(r) {
-                       // don't re-request tiles which have failed in the past
-                       return _cache[r[3]] !== false;
-                   });
-               }
+           if (_source.validZoom(_zoom)) {
+             tiler.skipNullIsland(!!_source.overlay);
+             tiler().forEach(function (d) {
+               addSource(d);
+               if (d[3] === '') return;
+               if (typeof d[3] !== 'string') return; // Workaround for #2295
 
-               function load(d) {
-                   _cache[d[3]] = true;
-                   select(this)
-                       .on('error', null)
-                       .on('load', null)
-                       .classed('tile-loaded', true);
-                   render(selection);
-               }
+               requests.push(d);
 
-               function error(d) {
-                   _cache[d[3]] = false;
-                   select(this)
-                       .on('error', null)
-                       .on('load', null)
-                       .remove();
-                   render(selection);
+               if (_cache[d[3]] === false && lookUp(d)) {
+                 requests.push(addSource(lookUp(d)));
                }
+             });
+             requests = uniqueBy(requests, 3).filter(function (r) {
+               // don't re-request tiles which have failed in the past
+               return _cache[r[3]] !== false;
+             });
+           }
 
-               function imageTransform(d) {
-                   var ts = _tileSize * Math.pow(2, _zoom - d[2]);
-                   var scale = tileSizeAtZoom(d, _zoom);
-                   return 'translate(' +
-                       ((d[0] * ts) - _tileOrigin[0]) + 'px,' +
-                       ((d[1] * ts) - _tileOrigin[1]) + 'px) ' +
-                       'scale(' + scale + ',' + scale + ')';
-               }
+           function load(d3_event, d) {
+             _cache[d[3]] = true;
+             select(this).on('error', null).on('load', null).classed('tile-loaded', true);
+             render(selection);
+           }
 
-               function tileCenter(d) {
-                   var ts = _tileSize * Math.pow(2, _zoom - d[2]);
-                   return [
-                       ((d[0] * ts) - _tileOrigin[0] + (ts / 2)),
-                       ((d[1] * ts) - _tileOrigin[1] + (ts / 2))
-                   ];
-               }
+           function error(d3_event, d) {
+             _cache[d[3]] = false;
+             select(this).on('error', null).on('load', null).remove();
+             render(selection);
+           }
 
-               function debugTransform(d) {
-                   var coord = tileCenter(d);
-                   return 'translate(' + coord[0] + 'px,' + coord[1] + 'px)';
-               }
+           function imageTransform(d) {
+             var ts = _tileSize * Math.pow(2, _zoom - d[2]);
 
+             var scale = tileSizeAtZoom(d, _zoom);
+             return 'translate(' + (d[0] * ts - _tileOrigin[0]) + 'px,' + (d[1] * ts - _tileOrigin[1]) + 'px) ' + 'scale(' + scale + ',' + scale + ')';
+           }
 
-               // Pick a representative tile near the center of the viewport
-               // (This is useful for sampling the imagery vintage)
-               var dims = tiler.size();
-               var mapCenter = [dims[0] / 2, dims[1] / 2];
-               var minDist = Math.max(dims[0], dims[1]);
-               var nearCenter;
+           function tileCenter(d) {
+             var ts = _tileSize * Math.pow(2, _zoom - d[2]);
 
-               requests.forEach(function(d) {
-                   var c = tileCenter(d);
-                   var dist = geoVecLength(c, mapCenter);
-                   if (dist < minDist) {
-                       minDist = dist;
-                       nearCenter = d;
-                   }
-               });
+             return [d[0] * ts - _tileOrigin[0] + ts / 2, d[1] * ts - _tileOrigin[1] + ts / 2];
+           }
 
+           function debugTransform(d) {
+             var coord = tileCenter(d);
+             return 'translate(' + coord[0] + 'px,' + coord[1] + 'px)';
+           } // Pick a representative tile near the center of the viewport
+           // (This is useful for sampling the imagery vintage)
 
-               var image = selection.selectAll('img')
-                   .data(requests, function(d) { return d[3]; });
 
-               image.exit()
-                   .style(transformProp, imageTransform)
-                   .classed('tile-removing', true)
-                   .classed('tile-center', false)
-                   .each(function() {
-                       var tile = select(this);
-                       window.setTimeout(function() {
-                           if (tile.classed('tile-removing')) {
-                               tile.remove();
-                           }
-                       }, 300);
-                   });
+           var dims = tiler.size();
+           var mapCenter = [dims[0] / 2, dims[1] / 2];
+           var minDist = Math.max(dims[0], dims[1]);
+           var nearCenter;
+           requests.forEach(function (d) {
+             var c = tileCenter(d);
+             var dist = geoVecLength(c, mapCenter);
 
-               image.enter()
-                 .append('img')
-                   .attr('class', 'tile')
-                   .attr('draggable', 'false')
-                   .style('width', _tileSize + 'px')
-                   .style('height', _tileSize + 'px')
-                   .attr('src', function(d) { return d[3]; })
-                   .on('error', error)
-                   .on('load', load)
-                 .merge(image)
-                   .style(transformProp, imageTransform)
-                   .classed('tile-debug', showDebug)
-                   .classed('tile-removing', false)
-                   .classed('tile-center', function(d) { return d === nearCenter; });
-
-
-
-               var debug = selection.selectAll('.tile-label-debug')
-                   .data(showDebug ? requests : [], function(d) { return d[3]; });
-
-               debug.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               if (showDebug) {
-                   var debugEnter = debug.enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'tile-label-debug');
-
-                   debugEnter
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'tile-label-debug-coord');
-
-                   debugEnter
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'tile-label-debug-vintage');
-
-                   debug = debug.merge(debugEnter);
-
-                   debug
-                       .style(transformProp, debugTransform);
-
-                   debug
-                       .selectAll('.tile-label-debug-coord')
-                       .text(function(d) { return d[2] + ' / ' + d[0] + ' / ' + d[1]; });
-
-                   debug
-                       .selectAll('.tile-label-debug-vintage')
-                       .each(function(d) {
-                           var span = select(this);
-                           var center = context.projection.invert(tileCenter(d));
-                           _source.getMetadata(center, d, function(err, result) {
-                               span.text((result && result.vintage && result.vintage.range) ||
-                                   _t('info_panels.background.vintage') + ': ' + _t('info_panels.background.unknown')
-                               );
-                           });
-                       });
+             if (dist < minDist) {
+               minDist = dist;
+               nearCenter = d;
+             }
+           });
+           var image = selection.selectAll('img').data(requests, function (d) {
+             return d[3];
+           });
+           image.exit().style(transformProp, imageTransform).classed('tile-removing', true).classed('tile-center', false).each(function () {
+             var tile = select(this);
+             window.setTimeout(function () {
+               if (tile.classed('tile-removing')) {
+                 tile.remove();
                }
+             }, 300);
+           });
+           image.enter().append('img').attr('class', 'tile').attr('alt', '').attr('draggable', 'false').style('width', _tileSize + 'px').style('height', _tileSize + 'px').attr('src', function (d) {
+             return d[3];
+           }).on('error', error).on('load', load).merge(image).style(transformProp, imageTransform).classed('tile-debug', showDebug).classed('tile-removing', false).classed('tile-center', function (d) {
+             return d === nearCenter;
+           });
+           var debug = selection.selectAll('.tile-label-debug').data(showDebug ? requests : [], function (d) {
+             return d[3];
+           });
+           debug.exit().remove();
+
+           if (showDebug) {
+             var debugEnter = debug.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'tile-label-debug');
+             debugEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'tile-label-debug-coord');
+             debugEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'tile-label-debug-vintage');
+             debug = debug.merge(debugEnter);
+             debug.style(transformProp, debugTransform);
+             debug.selectAll('.tile-label-debug-coord').text(function (d) {
+               return d[2] + ' / ' + d[0] + ' / ' + d[1];
+             });
+             debug.selectAll('.tile-label-debug-vintage').each(function (d) {
+               var span = select(this);
+               var center = context.projection.invert(tileCenter(d));
 
+               _source.getMetadata(center, d, function (err, result) {
+                 if (result && result.vintage && result.vintage.range) {
+                   span.text(result.vintage.range);
+                 } else {
+                   span.html(_t.html('info_panels.background.vintage') + ': ' + _t.html('info_panels.background.unknown'));
+                 }
+               });
+             });
            }
+         }
 
+         background.projection = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _projection;
+           _projection = val;
+           return background;
+         };
 
-           background.projection = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _projection;
-               _projection = val;
-               return background;
-           };
-
-
-           background.dimensions = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return tiler.size();
-               tiler.size(val);
-               return background;
-           };
-
-
-           background.source = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _source;
-               _source = val;
-               _tileSize = _source.tileSize;
-               _cache = {};
-               tiler.tileSize(_source.tileSize).zoomExtent(_source.zoomExtent);
-               return background;
-           };
-
+         background.dimensions = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return tiler.size();
+           tiler.size(val);
+           return background;
+         };
 
+         background.source = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _source;
+           _source = val;
+           _tileSize = _source.tileSize;
+           _cache = {};
+           tiler.tileSize(_source.tileSize).zoomExtent(_source.zoomExtent);
            return background;
-       }
+         };
 
-       let _imageryIndex = null;
+         return background;
+       }
 
+       var _imageryIndex = null;
        function rendererBackground(context) {
-         const dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         const detected = utilDetect();
-         const baseLayer = rendererTileLayer(context).projection(context.projection);
-         let _isValid = true;
-         let _overlayLayers = [];
-         let _brightness = 1;
-         let _contrast = 1;
-         let _saturation = 1;
-         let _sharpness = 1;
-
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var detected = utilDetect();
+         var baseLayer = rendererTileLayer(context).projection(context.projection);
+         var _checkedBlocklists = [];
+         var _isValid = true;
+         var _overlayLayers = [];
+         var _brightness = 1;
+         var _contrast = 1;
+         var _saturation = 1;
+         var _sharpness = 1;
 
          function ensureImageryIndex() {
-           return _mainFileFetcher.get('imagery')
-             .then(sources => {
-               if (_imageryIndex) return _imageryIndex;
-
-               _imageryIndex = {
-                 imagery: sources,
-                 features: {}
+           return _mainFileFetcher.get('imagery').then(function (sources) {
+             if (_imageryIndex) return _imageryIndex;
+             _imageryIndex = {
+               imagery: sources,
+               features: {}
+             }; // use which-polygon to support efficient index and querying for imagery
+
+             var features = sources.map(function (source) {
+               if (!source.polygon) return null; // workaround for editor-layer-index weirdness..
+               // Add an extra array nest to each element in `source.polygon`
+               // so the rings are not treated as a bunch of holes:
+               // what we have: [ [[outer],[hole],[hole]] ]
+               // what we want: [ [[outer]],[[outer]],[[outer]] ]
+
+               var rings = source.polygon.map(function (ring) {
+                 return [ring];
+               });
+               var feature = {
+                 type: 'Feature',
+                 properties: {
+                   id: source.id
+                 },
+                 geometry: {
+                   type: 'MultiPolygon',
+                   coordinates: rings
+                 }
                };
+               _imageryIndex.features[source.id] = feature;
+               return feature;
+             }).filter(Boolean);
+             _imageryIndex.query = whichPolygon_1({
+               type: 'FeatureCollection',
+               features: features
+             }); // Instantiate `rendererBackgroundSource` objects for each source
+
+             _imageryIndex.backgrounds = sources.map(function (source) {
+               if (source.type === 'bing') {
+                 return rendererBackgroundSource.Bing(source, dispatch);
+               } else if (/^EsriWorldImagery/.test(source.id)) {
+                 return rendererBackgroundSource.Esri(source);
+               } else {
+                 return rendererBackgroundSource(source);
+               }
+             }); // Add 'None'
 
-               // use which-polygon to support efficient index and querying for imagery
-               const features = sources.map(source => {
-                 if (!source.polygon) return null;
-                 // workaround for editor-layer-index weirdness..
-                 // Add an extra array nest to each element in `source.polygon`
-                 // so the rings are not treated as a bunch of holes:
-                 // what we have: [ [[outer],[hole],[hole]] ]
-                 // what we want: [ [[outer]],[[outer]],[[outer]] ]
-                 const rings = source.polygon.map(ring => [ring]);
-
-                 const feature = {
-                   type: 'Feature',
-                   properties: { id: source.id },
-                   geometry: { type: 'MultiPolygon', coordinates: rings }
-                 };
-
-                 _imageryIndex.features[source.id] = feature;
-                 return feature;
-
-               }).filter(Boolean);
-
-               _imageryIndex.query = whichPolygon_1({ type: 'FeatureCollection', features: features });
-
+             _imageryIndex.backgrounds.unshift(rendererBackgroundSource.None()); // Add 'Custom'
 
-               // Instantiate `rendererBackgroundSource` objects for each source
-               _imageryIndex.backgrounds = sources.map(source => {
-                 if (source.type === 'bing') {
-                   return rendererBackgroundSource.Bing(source, dispatch$1);
-                 } else if (/^EsriWorldImagery/.test(source.id)) {
-                   return rendererBackgroundSource.Esri(source);
-                 } else {
-                   return rendererBackgroundSource(source);
-                 }
-               });
 
-               // Add 'None'
-               _imageryIndex.backgrounds.unshift(rendererBackgroundSource.None());
+             var template = corePreferences('background-custom-template') || '';
+             var custom = rendererBackgroundSource.Custom(template);
 
-               // Add 'Custom'
-               let template = corePreferences('background-custom-template') || '';
-               const custom = rendererBackgroundSource.Custom(template);
-               _imageryIndex.backgrounds.unshift(custom);
+             _imageryIndex.backgrounds.unshift(custom);
 
-               return _imageryIndex;
-             });
+             return _imageryIndex;
+           });
          }
 
-
          function background(selection) {
-           const currSource = baseLayer.source();
-
-           // If we are displaying an Esri basemap at high zoom,
+           var currSource = baseLayer.source(); // If we are displaying an Esri basemap at high zoom,
            // check its tilemap to see how high the zoom can go
+
            if (context.map().zoom() > 18) {
              if (currSource && /^EsriWorldImagery/.test(currSource.id)) {
-               const center = context.map().center();
+               var center = context.map().center();
                currSource.fetchTilemap(center);
              }
-           }
+           } // Is the imagery valid here? - #4827
 
-           // Is the imagery valid here? - #4827
-           const sources = background.sources(context.map().extent());
-           const wasValid = _isValid;
-           _isValid = !!sources.filter(d => d === currSource).length;
 
-           if (wasValid !== _isValid) {      // change in valid status
+           var sources = background.sources(context.map().extent());
+           var wasValid = _isValid;
+           _isValid = !!sources.filter(function (d) {
+             return d === currSource;
+           }).length;
+
+           if (wasValid !== _isValid) {
+             // change in valid status
              background.updateImagery();
            }
 
+           var baseFilter = '';
 
-           let baseFilter = '';
            if (detected.cssfilters) {
              if (_brightness !== 1) {
-               baseFilter += ` brightness(${_brightness})`;
+               baseFilter += " brightness(".concat(_brightness, ")");
              }
+
              if (_contrast !== 1) {
-               baseFilter += ` contrast(${_contrast})`;
+               baseFilter += " contrast(".concat(_contrast, ")");
              }
+
              if (_saturation !== 1) {
-               baseFilter += ` saturate(${_saturation})`;
+               baseFilter += " saturate(".concat(_saturation, ")");
              }
-             if (_sharpness < 1) {  // gaussian blur
-               const blur = d3_interpolateNumber(0.5, 5)(1 - _sharpness);
-               baseFilter += ` blur(${blur}px)`;
+
+             if (_sharpness < 1) {
+               // gaussian blur
+               var blur = d3_interpolateNumber(0.5, 5)(1 - _sharpness);
+               baseFilter += " blur(".concat(blur, "px)");
              }
            }
 
-           let base = selection.selectAll('.layer-background')
-             .data([0]);
-
-           base = base.enter()
-             .insert('div', '.layer-data')
-             .attr('class', 'layer layer-background')
-             .merge(base);
+           var base = selection.selectAll('.layer-background').data([0]);
+           base = base.enter().insert('div', '.layer-data').attr('class', 'layer layer-background').merge(base);
 
            if (detected.cssfilters) {
              base.style('filter', baseFilter || null);
              base.style('opacity', _brightness);
            }
 
+           var imagery = base.selectAll('.layer-imagery').data([0]);
+           imagery.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'layer layer-imagery').merge(imagery).call(baseLayer);
+           var maskFilter = '';
+           var mixBlendMode = '';
 
-           let imagery = base.selectAll('.layer-imagery')
-             .data([0]);
-
-           imagery.enter()
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'layer layer-imagery')
-             .merge(imagery)
-             .call(baseLayer);
-
-
-           let maskFilter = '';
-           let mixBlendMode = '';
-           if (detected.cssfilters && _sharpness > 1) {  // apply unsharp mask
+           if (detected.cssfilters && _sharpness > 1) {
+             // apply unsharp mask
              mixBlendMode = 'overlay';
              maskFilter = 'saturate(0) blur(3px) invert(1)';
-
-             let contrast = _sharpness - 1;
-             maskFilter += ` contrast(${contrast})`;
-
-             let brightness = d3_interpolateNumber(1, 0.85)(_sharpness - 1);
-             maskFilter += ` brightness(${brightness})`;
+             var contrast = _sharpness - 1;
+             maskFilter += " contrast(".concat(contrast, ")");
+             var brightness = d3_interpolateNumber(1, 0.85)(_sharpness - 1);
+             maskFilter += " brightness(".concat(brightness, ")");
            }
 
-           let mask = base.selectAll('.layer-unsharp-mask')
-             .data(detected.cssfilters && _sharpness > 1 ? [0] : []);
-
-           mask.exit()
-             .remove();
-
-           mask.enter()
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'layer layer-mask layer-unsharp-mask')
-             .merge(mask)
-             .call(baseLayer)
-             .style('filter', maskFilter || null)
-             .style('mix-blend-mode', mixBlendMode || null);
-
-
-           let overlays = selection.selectAll('.layer-overlay')
-             .data(_overlayLayers, d => d.source().name());
-
-           overlays.exit()
-             .remove();
-
-           overlays.enter()
-             .insert('div', '.layer-data')
-             .attr('class', 'layer layer-overlay')
-             .merge(overlays)
-             .each((layer, i, nodes) => select(nodes[i]).call(layer));
+           var mask = base.selectAll('.layer-unsharp-mask').data(detected.cssfilters && _sharpness > 1 ? [0] : []);
+           mask.exit().remove();
+           mask.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'layer layer-mask layer-unsharp-mask').merge(mask).call(baseLayer).style('filter', maskFilter || null).style('mix-blend-mode', mixBlendMode || null);
+           var overlays = selection.selectAll('.layer-overlay').data(_overlayLayers, function (d) {
+             return d.source().name();
+           });
+           overlays.exit().remove();
+           overlays.enter().insert('div', '.layer-data').attr('class', 'layer layer-overlay').merge(overlays).each(function (layer, i, nodes) {
+             return select(nodes[i]).call(layer);
+           });
          }
 
-
-         background.updateImagery = function() {
-           let currSource = baseLayer.source();
+         background.updateImagery = function () {
+           var currSource = baseLayer.source();
            if (context.inIntro() || !currSource) return;
 
-           let o = _overlayLayers
-             .filter(d => !d.source().isLocatorOverlay() && !d.source().isHidden())
-             .map(d => d.source().id)
-             .join(',');
+           var o = _overlayLayers.filter(function (d) {
+             return !d.source().isLocatorOverlay() && !d.source().isHidden();
+           }).map(function (d) {
+             return d.source().id;
+           }).join(',');
 
-           const meters = geoOffsetToMeters(currSource.offset());
-           const EPSILON = 0.01;
-           const x = +meters[0].toFixed(2);
-           const y = +meters[1].toFixed(2);
-           let hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+           var meters = geoOffsetToMeters(currSource.offset());
+           var EPSILON = 0.01;
+           var x = +meters[0].toFixed(2);
+           var y = +meters[1].toFixed(2);
+           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+           var id = currSource.id;
 
-           let id = currSource.id;
            if (id === 'custom') {
-             id = `custom:${currSource.template()}`;
+             id = "custom:".concat(currSource.template());
            }
 
            if (id) {
            }
 
            if (Math.abs(x) > EPSILON || Math.abs(y) > EPSILON) {
-             hash.offset = `${x},${y}`;
+             hash.offset = "".concat(x, ",").concat(y);
            } else {
              delete hash.offset;
            }
              window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
            }
 
-           let imageryUsed = [];
-           let photoOverlaysUsed = [];
+           var imageryUsed = [];
+           var photoOverlaysUsed = [];
+           var currUsed = currSource.imageryUsed();
 
-           const currUsed = currSource.imageryUsed();
            if (currUsed && _isValid) {
              imageryUsed.push(currUsed);
            }
 
-           _overlayLayers
-             .filter(d => !d.source().isLocatorOverlay() && !d.source().isHidden())
-             .forEach(d => imageryUsed.push(d.source().imageryUsed()));
+           _overlayLayers.filter(function (d) {
+             return !d.source().isLocatorOverlay() && !d.source().isHidden();
+           }).forEach(function (d) {
+             return imageryUsed.push(d.source().imageryUsed());
+           });
+
+           var dataLayer = context.layers().layer('data');
 
-           const dataLayer = context.layers().layer('data');
            if (dataLayer && dataLayer.enabled() && dataLayer.hasData()) {
              imageryUsed.push(dataLayer.getSrc());
            }
 
-           const photoOverlayLayers = {
+           var photoOverlayLayers = {
              streetside: 'Bing Streetside',
              mapillary: 'Mapillary Images',
              'mapillary-map-features': 'Mapillary Map Features',
              'mapillary-signs': 'Mapillary Signs',
-             openstreetcam: 'OpenStreetCam Images'
+             kartaview: 'KartaView Images'
            };
 
-           for (let layerID in photoOverlayLayers) {
-             const layer = context.layers().layer(layerID);
+           for (var layerID in photoOverlayLayers) {
+             var layer = context.layers().layer(layerID);
+
              if (layer && layer.enabled()) {
                photoOverlaysUsed.push(layerID);
                imageryUsed.push(photoOverlayLayers[layerID]);
            context.history().photoOverlaysUsed(photoOverlaysUsed);
          };
 
+         background.sources = function (extent, zoom, includeCurrent) {
+           if (!_imageryIndex) return []; // called before init()?
+
+           var visible = {};
+           (_imageryIndex.query.bbox(extent.rectangle(), true) || []).forEach(function (d) {
+             return visible[d.id] = true;
+           });
+           var currSource = baseLayer.source(); // Recheck blocked sources only if we detect new blocklists pulled from the OSM API.
+
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           var blocklists = osm && osm.imageryBlocklists() || [];
+           var blocklistChanged = blocklists.length !== _checkedBlocklists.length || blocklists.some(function (regex, index) {
+             return String(regex) !== _checkedBlocklists[index];
+           });
+
+           if (blocklistChanged) {
+             _imageryIndex.backgrounds.forEach(function (source) {
+               source.isBlocked = blocklists.some(function (regex) {
+                 return regex.test(source.template());
+               });
+             });
+
+             _checkedBlocklists = blocklists.map(function (regex) {
+               return String(regex);
+             });
+           }
+
+           return _imageryIndex.backgrounds.filter(function (source) {
+             if (includeCurrent && currSource === source) return true; // optionally always include the current imagery
 
-         background.sources = (extent, zoom, includeCurrent) => {
-           if (!_imageryIndex) return [];   // called before init()?
+             if (source.isBlocked) return false; // even bundled sources may be blocked - #7905
 
-           let visible = {};
-           (_imageryIndex.query.bbox(extent.rectangle(), true) || [])
-             .forEach(d => visible[d.id] = true);
+             if (!source.polygon) return true; // always include imagery with worldwide coverage
 
-           const currSource = baseLayer.source();
+             if (zoom && zoom < 6) return false; // optionally exclude local imagery at low zooms
 
-           return _imageryIndex.backgrounds.filter(source => {
-             if (!source.polygon) return true;                          // always include imagery with worldwide coverage
-             if (includeCurrent && currSource === source) return true;  // optionally include the current imagery
-             if (zoom && zoom < 6) return false;                        // optionally exclude local imagery at low zooms
-             return visible[source.id];                                 // include imagery visible in given extent
+             return visible[source.id]; // include imagery visible in given extent
            });
          };
 
-
-         background.dimensions = (val) => {
+         background.dimensions = function (val) {
            if (!val) return;
            baseLayer.dimensions(val);
-           _overlayLayers.forEach(layer => layer.dimensions(val));
-         };
 
+           _overlayLayers.forEach(function (layer) {
+             return layer.dimensions(val);
+           });
+         };
 
-         background.baseLayerSource = function(d) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return baseLayer.source();
+         background.baseLayerSource = function (d) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return baseLayer.source(); // test source against OSM imagery blocklists..
 
-           // test source against OSM imagery blacklists..
-           const osm = context.connection();
+           var osm = context.connection();
            if (!osm) return background;
+           var blocklists = osm.imageryBlocklists();
+           var template = d.template();
+           var fail = false;
+           var tested = 0;
+           var regex;
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < blocklists.length; i++) {
+             regex = blocklists[i];
+             fail = regex.test(template);
+             tested++;
+             if (fail) break;
+           } // ensure at least one test was run.
 
-           const blacklists = osm.imageryBlacklists();
-           const template = d.template();
-           let fail = false;
-           let tested = 0;
-           let regex;
-
-           for (let i = 0; i < blacklists.length; i++) {
-             try {
-               regex = new RegExp(blacklists[i]);
-               fail = regex.test(template);
-               tested++;
-               if (fail) break;
-             } catch (e) {
-               /* noop */
-             }
-           }
 
-           // ensure at least one test was run.
            if (!tested) {
-             regex = new RegExp('.*\.google(apis)?\..*/(vt|kh)[\?/].*([xyz]=.*){3}.*');
+             regex = /.*\.google(apis)?\..*\/(vt|kh)[\?\/].*([xyz]=.*){3}.*/;
              fail = regex.test(template);
            }
 
            baseLayer.source(!fail ? d : background.findSource('none'));
-           dispatch$1.call('change');
+           dispatch.call('change');
            background.updateImagery();
            return background;
          };
 
+         background.findSource = function (id) {
+           if (!id || !_imageryIndex) return null; // called before init()?
 
-         background.findSource = (id) => {
-           if (!id || !_imageryIndex) return null;   // called before init()?
-           return _imageryIndex.backgrounds.find(d => d.id && d.id === id);
+           return _imageryIndex.backgrounds.find(function (d) {
+             return d.id && d.id === id;
+           });
          };
 
-
-         background.bing = () => {
+         background.bing = function () {
            background.baseLayerSource(background.findSource('Bing'));
          };
 
-
-         background.showsLayer = (d) => {
-           const currSource = baseLayer.source();
+         background.showsLayer = function (d) {
+           var currSource = baseLayer.source();
            if (!d || !currSource) return false;
-           return d.id === currSource.id || _overlayLayers.some(layer => d.id === layer.source().id);
+           return d.id === currSource.id || _overlayLayers.some(function (layer) {
+             return d.id === layer.source().id;
+           });
          };
 
-
-         background.overlayLayerSources = () => {
-           return _overlayLayers.map(layer => layer.source());
+         background.overlayLayerSources = function () {
+           return _overlayLayers.map(function (layer) {
+             return layer.source();
+           });
          };
 
+         background.toggleOverlayLayer = function (d) {
+           var layer;
 
-         background.toggleOverlayLayer = (d) => {
-           let layer;
-           for (let i = 0; i < _overlayLayers.length; i++) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < _overlayLayers.length; i++) {
              layer = _overlayLayers[i];
+
              if (layer.source() === d) {
                _overlayLayers.splice(i, 1);
-               dispatch$1.call('change');
+
+               dispatch.call('change');
                background.updateImagery();
                return;
              }
            }
 
-           layer = rendererTileLayer(context)
-             .source(d)
-             .projection(context.projection)
-             .dimensions(baseLayer.dimensions()
-           );
+           layer = rendererTileLayer(context).source(d).projection(context.projection).dimensions(baseLayer.dimensions());
 
            _overlayLayers.push(layer);
-           dispatch$1.call('change');
+
+           dispatch.call('change');
            background.updateImagery();
          };
 
+         background.nudge = function (d, zoom) {
+           var currSource = baseLayer.source();
 
-         background.nudge = (d, zoom) => {
-           const currSource = baseLayer.source();
            if (currSource) {
              currSource.nudge(d, zoom);
-             dispatch$1.call('change');
+             dispatch.call('change');
              background.updateImagery();
            }
+
            return background;
          };
 
+         background.offset = function (d) {
+           var currSource = baseLayer.source();
 
-         background.offset = function(d) {
-           const currSource = baseLayer.source();
            if (!arguments.length) {
-             return (currSource && currSource.offset()) || [0, 0];
+             return currSource && currSource.offset() || [0, 0];
            }
+
            if (currSource) {
              currSource.offset(d);
-             dispatch$1.call('change');
+             dispatch.call('change');
              background.updateImagery();
            }
+
            return background;
          };
 
-
-         background.brightness = function(d) {
+         background.brightness = function (d) {
            if (!arguments.length) return _brightness;
            _brightness = d;
-           if (context.mode()) dispatch$1.call('change');
+           if (context.mode()) dispatch.call('change');
            return background;
          };
 
-
-         background.contrast = function(d) {
+         background.contrast = function (d) {
            if (!arguments.length) return _contrast;
            _contrast = d;
-           if (context.mode()) dispatch$1.call('change');
+           if (context.mode()) dispatch.call('change');
            return background;
          };
 
-
-         background.saturation = function(d) {
+         background.saturation = function (d) {
            if (!arguments.length) return _saturation;
            _saturation = d;
-           if (context.mode()) dispatch$1.call('change');
+           if (context.mode()) dispatch.call('change');
            return background;
          };
 
-
-         background.sharpness = function(d) {
+         background.sharpness = function (d) {
            if (!arguments.length) return _sharpness;
            _sharpness = d;
-           if (context.mode()) dispatch$1.call('change');
+           if (context.mode()) dispatch.call('change');
            return background;
          };
 
-         let _loadPromise;
-
-         background.ensureLoaded = () => {
+         var _loadPromise;
 
+         background.ensureLoaded = function () {
            if (_loadPromise) return _loadPromise;
 
            function parseMapParams(qmap) {
              if (!qmap) return false;
-             const params = qmap.split('/').map(Number);
+             var params = qmap.split('/').map(Number);
              if (params.length < 3 || params.some(isNaN)) return false;
-             return geoExtent([params[2], params[1]]);  // lon,lat
+             return geoExtent([params[2], params[1]]); // lon,lat
            }
 
-           const hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
-           const requested = hash.background || hash.layer;
-           let extent = parseMapParams(hash.map);
+           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+           var requested = hash.background || hash.layer;
+           var extent = parseMapParams(hash.map);
+           return _loadPromise = ensureImageryIndex().then(function (imageryIndex) {
+             var first = imageryIndex.backgrounds.length && imageryIndex.backgrounds[0];
+             var best;
 
-           return _loadPromise = ensureImageryIndex()
-             .then(imageryIndex => {
-               const first = imageryIndex.backgrounds.length && imageryIndex.backgrounds[0];
+             if (!requested && extent) {
+               best = background.sources(extent).find(function (s) {
+                 return s.best();
+               });
+             } // Decide which background layer to display
 
-               let best;
-               if (!requested && extent) {
-                 best = background.sources(extent).find(s => s.best());
-               }
 
-               // Decide which background layer to display
-               if (requested && requested.indexOf('custom:') === 0) {
-                 const template = requested.replace(/^custom:/, '');
-                 const custom = background.findSource('custom');
-                 background.baseLayerSource(custom.template(template));
-                 corePreferences('background-custom-template', template);
-               } else {
-                 background.baseLayerSource(
-                   background.findSource(requested) ||
-                   best ||
-                   background.findSource(corePreferences('background-last-used')) ||
-                   background.findSource('Bing') ||
-                   first ||
-                   background.findSource('none')
-                 );
-               }
+             if (requested && requested.indexOf('custom:') === 0) {
+               var template = requested.replace(/^custom:/, '');
+               var custom = background.findSource('custom');
+               background.baseLayerSource(custom.template(template));
+               corePreferences('background-custom-template', template);
+             } else {
+               background.baseLayerSource(background.findSource(requested) || best || background.findSource(corePreferences('background-last-used')) || background.findSource('Bing') || first || background.findSource('none'));
+             }
+
+             var locator = imageryIndex.backgrounds.find(function (d) {
+               return d.overlay && d["default"];
+             });
+
+             if (locator) {
+               background.toggleOverlayLayer(locator);
+             }
+
+             var overlays = (hash.overlays || '').split(',');
+             overlays.forEach(function (overlay) {
+               overlay = background.findSource(overlay);
 
-               const locator = imageryIndex.backgrounds.find(d => d.overlay && d.default);
-               if (locator) {
-                 background.toggleOverlayLayer(locator);
+               if (overlay) {
+                 background.toggleOverlayLayer(overlay);
                }
+             });
 
-               const overlays = (hash.overlays || '').split(',');
-               overlays.forEach(overlay => {
-                 overlay = background.findSource(overlay);
-                 if (overlay) {
-                   background.toggleOverlayLayer(overlay);
-                 }
-               });
+             if (hash.gpx) {
+               var gpx = context.layers().layer('data');
 
-               if (hash.gpx) {
-                 const gpx = context.layers().layer('data');
-                 if (gpx) {
-                   gpx.url(hash.gpx, '.gpx');
-                 }
+               if (gpx) {
+                 gpx.url(hash.gpx, '.gpx');
                }
+             }
 
-               if (hash.offset) {
-                 const offset = hash.offset
-                   .replace(/;/g, ',')
-                   .split(',')
-                   .map(n => !isNaN(n) && n);
+             if (hash.offset) {
+               var offset = hash.offset.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',').map(function (n) {
+                 return !isNaN(n) && n;
+               });
 
-                 if (offset.length === 2) {
-                   background.offset(geoMetersToOffset(offset));
-                 }
+               if (offset.length === 2) {
+                 background.offset(geoMetersToOffset(offset));
                }
-             })
-             .catch(() => { /* ignore */ });
+             }
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             /* ignore */
+           });
          };
 
-
-         return utilRebind(background, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return utilRebind(background, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
        function rendererFeatures(context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change', 'redraw');
-           var features = utilRebind({}, dispatch$1, 'on');
-           var _deferred = new Set();
-
-           var traffic_roads = {
-               'motorway': true,
-               'motorway_link': true,
-               'trunk': true,
-               'trunk_link': true,
-               'primary': true,
-               'primary_link': true,
-               'secondary': true,
-               'secondary_link': true,
-               'tertiary': true,
-               'tertiary_link': true,
-               'residential': true,
-               'unclassified': true,
-               'living_street': true
-           };
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change', 'redraw');
+         var features = utilRebind({}, dispatch, 'on');
+
+         var _deferred = new Set();
+
+         var traffic_roads = {
+           'motorway': true,
+           'motorway_link': true,
+           'trunk': true,
+           'trunk_link': true,
+           'primary': true,
+           'primary_link': true,
+           'secondary': true,
+           'secondary_link': true,
+           'tertiary': true,
+           'tertiary_link': true,
+           'residential': true,
+           'unclassified': true,
+           'living_street': true
+         };
+         var service_roads = {
+           'service': true,
+           'road': true,
+           'track': true
+         };
+         var paths = {
+           'path': true,
+           'footway': true,
+           'cycleway': true,
+           'bridleway': true,
+           'steps': true,
+           'pedestrian': true
+         };
+         var past_futures = {
+           'proposed': true,
+           'construction': true,
+           'abandoned': true,
+           'dismantled': true,
+           'disused': true,
+           'razed': true,
+           'demolished': true,
+           'obliterated': true
+         };
+         var _cullFactor = 1;
+         var _cache = {};
+         var _rules = {};
+         var _stats = {};
+         var _keys = [];
+         var _hidden = [];
+         var _forceVisible = {};
 
-           var service_roads = {
-               'service': true,
-               'road': true,
-               'track': true
-           };
+         function update() {
+           if (!window.mocha) {
+             var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+             var disabled = features.disabled();
 
-           var paths = {
-               'path': true,
-               'footway': true,
-               'cycleway': true,
-               'bridleway': true,
-               'steps': true,
-               'pedestrian': true
-           };
+             if (disabled.length) {
+               hash.disable_features = disabled.join(',');
+             } else {
+               delete hash.disable_features;
+             }
+
+             window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
+             corePreferences('disabled-features', disabled.join(','));
+           }
+
+           _hidden = features.hidden();
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           dispatch.call('redraw');
+         }
+
+         function defineRule(k, filter, max) {
+           var isEnabled = true;
+
+           _keys.push(k);
 
-           var past_futures = {
-               'proposed': true,
-               'construction': true,
-               'abandoned': true,
-               'dismantled': true,
-               'disused': true,
-               'razed': true,
-               'demolished': true,
-               'obliterated': true
+           _rules[k] = {
+             filter: filter,
+             enabled: isEnabled,
+             // whether the user wants it enabled..
+             count: 0,
+             currentMax: max || Infinity,
+             defaultMax: max || Infinity,
+             enable: function enable() {
+               this.enabled = true;
+               this.currentMax = this.defaultMax;
+             },
+             disable: function disable() {
+               this.enabled = false;
+               this.currentMax = 0;
+             },
+             hidden: function hidden() {
+               return this.count === 0 && !this.enabled || this.count > this.currentMax * _cullFactor;
+             },
+             autoHidden: function autoHidden() {
+               return this.hidden() && this.currentMax > 0;
+             }
            };
+         }
 
-           var _cullFactor = 1;
-           var _cache = {};
-           var _rules = {};
-           var _stats = {};
-           var _keys = [];
-           var _hidden = [];
-           var _forceVisible = {};
+         defineRule('points', function isPoint(tags, geometry) {
+           return geometry === 'point';
+         }, 200);
+         defineRule('traffic_roads', function isTrafficRoad(tags) {
+           return traffic_roads[tags.highway];
+         });
+         defineRule('service_roads', function isServiceRoad(tags) {
+           return service_roads[tags.highway];
+         });
+         defineRule('paths', function isPath(tags) {
+           return paths[tags.highway];
+         });
+         defineRule('buildings', function isBuilding(tags) {
+           return !!tags.building && tags.building !== 'no' || tags.parking === 'multi-storey' || tags.parking === 'sheds' || tags.parking === 'carports' || tags.parking === 'garage_boxes';
+         }, 250);
+         defineRule('building_parts', function isBuildingPart(tags) {
+           return tags['building:part'];
+         });
+         defineRule('indoor', function isIndoor(tags) {
+           return tags.indoor;
+         });
+         defineRule('landuse', function isLanduse(tags, geometry) {
+           return geometry === 'area' && !_rules.buildings.filter(tags) && !_rules.building_parts.filter(tags) && !_rules.indoor.filter(tags) && !_rules.water.filter(tags) && !_rules.pistes.filter(tags);
+         });
+         defineRule('boundaries', function isBoundary(tags) {
+           return !!tags.boundary && !(traffic_roads[tags.highway] || service_roads[tags.highway] || paths[tags.highway] || tags.waterway || tags.railway || tags.landuse || tags.natural || tags.building || tags.power);
+         });
+         defineRule('water', function isWater(tags) {
+           return !!tags.waterway || tags.natural === 'water' || tags.natural === 'coastline' || tags.natural === 'bay' || tags.landuse === 'pond' || tags.landuse === 'basin' || tags.landuse === 'reservoir' || tags.landuse === 'salt_pond';
+         });
+         defineRule('rail', function isRail(tags) {
+           return (!!tags.railway || tags.landuse === 'railway') && !(traffic_roads[tags.highway] || service_roads[tags.highway] || paths[tags.highway]);
+         });
+         defineRule('pistes', function isPiste(tags) {
+           return tags['piste:type'];
+         });
+         defineRule('aerialways', function isPiste(tags) {
+           return tags.aerialway && tags.aerialway !== 'yes' && tags.aerialway !== 'station';
+         });
+         defineRule('power', function isPower(tags) {
+           return !!tags.power;
+         }); // contains a past/future tag, but not in active use as a road/path/cycleway/etc..
 
+         defineRule('past_future', function isPastFuture(tags) {
+           if (traffic_roads[tags.highway] || service_roads[tags.highway] || paths[tags.highway]) {
+             return false;
+           }
 
-           function update() {
-               if (!window.mocha) {
-                   var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
-                   var disabled = features.disabled();
-                   if (disabled.length) {
-                       hash.disable_features = disabled.join(',');
-                   } else {
-                       delete hash.disable_features;
+           var strings = Object.keys(tags);
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < strings.length; i++) {
+             var s = strings[i];
+
+             if (past_futures[s] || past_futures[tags[s]]) {
+               return true;
+             }
+           }
+
+           return false;
+         }); // Lines or areas that don't match another feature filter.
+         // IMPORTANT: The 'others' feature must be the last one defined,
+         //   so that code in getMatches can skip this test if `hasMatch = true`
+
+         defineRule('others', function isOther(tags, geometry) {
+           return geometry === 'line' || geometry === 'area';
+         });
+
+         features.features = function () {
+           return _rules;
+         };
+
+         features.keys = function () {
+           return _keys;
+         };
+
+         features.enabled = function (k) {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return _keys.filter(function (k) {
+               return _rules[k].enabled;
+             });
+           }
+
+           return _rules[k] && _rules[k].enabled;
+         };
+
+         features.disabled = function (k) {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return _keys.filter(function (k) {
+               return !_rules[k].enabled;
+             });
+           }
+
+           return _rules[k] && !_rules[k].enabled;
+         };
+
+         features.hidden = function (k) {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return _keys.filter(function (k) {
+               return _rules[k].hidden();
+             });
+           }
+
+           return _rules[k] && _rules[k].hidden();
+         };
+
+         features.autoHidden = function (k) {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return _keys.filter(function (k) {
+               return _rules[k].autoHidden();
+             });
+           }
+
+           return _rules[k] && _rules[k].autoHidden();
+         };
+
+         features.enable = function (k) {
+           if (_rules[k] && !_rules[k].enabled) {
+             _rules[k].enable();
+
+             update();
+           }
+         };
+
+         features.enableAll = function () {
+           var didEnable = false;
+
+           for (var k in _rules) {
+             if (!_rules[k].enabled) {
+               didEnable = true;
+
+               _rules[k].enable();
+             }
+           }
+
+           if (didEnable) update();
+         };
+
+         features.disable = function (k) {
+           if (_rules[k] && _rules[k].enabled) {
+             _rules[k].disable();
+
+             update();
+           }
+         };
+
+         features.disableAll = function () {
+           var didDisable = false;
+
+           for (var k in _rules) {
+             if (_rules[k].enabled) {
+               didDisable = true;
+
+               _rules[k].disable();
+             }
+           }
+
+           if (didDisable) update();
+         };
+
+         features.toggle = function (k) {
+           if (_rules[k]) {
+             (function (f) {
+               return f.enabled ? f.disable() : f.enable();
+             })(_rules[k]);
+
+             update();
+           }
+         };
+
+         features.resetStats = function () {
+           for (var i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
+             _rules[_keys[i]].count = 0;
+           }
+
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         };
+
+         features.gatherStats = function (d, resolver, dimensions) {
+           var needsRedraw = false;
+           var types = utilArrayGroupBy(d, 'type');
+           var entities = [].concat(types.relation || [], types.way || [], types.node || []);
+           var currHidden, geometry, matches, i, j;
+
+           for (i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
+             _rules[_keys[i]].count = 0;
+           } // adjust the threshold for point/building culling based on viewport size..
+           // a _cullFactor of 1 corresponds to a 1000x1000px viewport..
+
+
+           _cullFactor = dimensions[0] * dimensions[1] / 1000000;
+
+           for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+             geometry = entities[i].geometry(resolver);
+             matches = Object.keys(features.getMatches(entities[i], resolver, geometry));
+
+             for (j = 0; j < matches.length; j++) {
+               _rules[matches[j]].count++;
+             }
+           }
+
+           currHidden = features.hidden();
+
+           if (currHidden !== _hidden) {
+             _hidden = currHidden;
+             needsRedraw = true;
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           }
+
+           return needsRedraw;
+         };
+
+         features.stats = function () {
+           for (var i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
+             _stats[_keys[i]] = _rules[_keys[i]].count;
+           }
+
+           return _stats;
+         };
+
+         features.clear = function (d) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < d.length; i++) {
+             features.clearEntity(d[i]);
+           }
+         };
+
+         features.clearEntity = function (entity) {
+           delete _cache[osmEntity.key(entity)];
+         };
+
+         features.reset = function () {
+           Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function (handle) {
+             window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
+
+             _deferred["delete"](handle);
+           });
+           _cache = {};
+         }; // only certain relations are worth checking
+
+
+         function relationShouldBeChecked(relation) {
+           // multipolygon features have `area` geometry and aren't checked here
+           return relation.tags.type === 'boundary';
+         }
+
+         features.getMatches = function (entity, resolver, geometry) {
+           if (geometry === 'vertex' || geometry === 'relation' && !relationShouldBeChecked(entity)) return {};
+           var ent = osmEntity.key(entity);
+
+           if (!_cache[ent]) {
+             _cache[ent] = {};
+           }
+
+           if (!_cache[ent].matches) {
+             var matches = {};
+             var hasMatch = false;
+
+             for (var i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
+               if (_keys[i] === 'others') {
+                 if (hasMatch) continue; // If an entity...
+                 //   1. is a way that hasn't matched other 'interesting' feature rules,
+
+                 if (entity.type === 'way') {
+                   var parents = features.getParents(entity, resolver, geometry); //   2a. belongs only to a single multipolygon relation
+
+                   if (parents.length === 1 && parents[0].isMultipolygon() || // 2b. or belongs only to boundary relations
+                   parents.length > 0 && parents.every(function (parent) {
+                     return parent.tags.type === 'boundary';
+                   })) {
+                     // ...then match whatever feature rules the parent relation has matched.
+                     // see #2548, #2887
+                     //
+                     // IMPORTANT:
+                     // For this to work, getMatches must be called on relations before ways.
+                     //
+                     var pkey = osmEntity.key(parents[0]);
+
+                     if (_cache[pkey] && _cache[pkey].matches) {
+                       matches = Object.assign({}, _cache[pkey].matches); // shallow copy
+
+                       continue;
+                     }
                    }
-                   window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
-                   corePreferences('disabled-features', disabled.join(','));
-               }
-               _hidden = features.hidden();
-               dispatch$1.call('change');
-               dispatch$1.call('redraw');
-           }
-
-
-           function defineRule(k, filter, max) {
-               var isEnabled = true;
-
-               _keys.push(k);
-               _rules[k] = {
-                   filter: filter,
-                   enabled: isEnabled,   // whether the user wants it enabled..
-                   count: 0,
-                   currentMax: (max || Infinity),
-                   defaultMax: (max || Infinity),
-                   enable: function() { this.enabled = true; this.currentMax = this.defaultMax; },
-                   disable: function() { this.enabled = false; this.currentMax = 0; },
-                   hidden: function() {
-                       return (this.count === 0 && !this.enabled) ||
-                           this.count > this.currentMax * _cullFactor;
-                   },
-                   autoHidden: function() { return this.hidden() && this.currentMax > 0; }
-               };
+                 }
+               }
+
+               if (_rules[_keys[i]].filter(entity.tags, geometry)) {
+                 matches[_keys[i]] = hasMatch = true;
+               }
+             }
+
+             _cache[ent].matches = matches;
+           }
+
+           return _cache[ent].matches;
+         };
+
+         features.getParents = function (entity, resolver, geometry) {
+           if (geometry === 'point') return [];
+           var ent = osmEntity.key(entity);
+
+           if (!_cache[ent]) {
+             _cache[ent] = {};
+           }
+
+           if (!_cache[ent].parents) {
+             var parents = [];
+
+             if (geometry === 'vertex') {
+               parents = resolver.parentWays(entity);
+             } else {
+               // 'line', 'area', 'relation'
+               parents = resolver.parentRelations(entity);
+             }
+
+             _cache[ent].parents = parents;
+           }
+
+           return _cache[ent].parents;
+         };
+
+         features.isHiddenPreset = function (preset, geometry) {
+           if (!_hidden.length) return false;
+           if (!preset.tags) return false;
+           var test = preset.setTags({}, geometry);
+
+           for (var key in _rules) {
+             if (_rules[key].filter(test, geometry)) {
+               if (_hidden.indexOf(key) !== -1) {
+                 return key;
+               }
+
+               return false;
+             }
+           }
+
+           return false;
+         };
+
+         features.isHiddenFeature = function (entity, resolver, geometry) {
+           if (!_hidden.length) return false;
+           if (!entity.version) return false;
+           if (_forceVisible[entity.id]) return false;
+           var matches = Object.keys(features.getMatches(entity, resolver, geometry));
+           return matches.length && matches.every(function (k) {
+             return features.hidden(k);
+           });
+         };
+
+         features.isHiddenChild = function (entity, resolver, geometry) {
+           if (!_hidden.length) return false;
+           if (!entity.version || geometry === 'point') return false;
+           if (_forceVisible[entity.id]) return false;
+           var parents = features.getParents(entity, resolver, geometry);
+           if (!parents.length) return false;
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
+             if (!features.isHidden(parents[i], resolver, parents[i].geometry(resolver))) {
+               return false;
+             }
+           }
+
+           return true;
+         };
+
+         features.hasHiddenConnections = function (entity, resolver) {
+           if (!_hidden.length) return false;
+           var childNodes, connections;
+
+           if (entity.type === 'midpoint') {
+             childNodes = [resolver.entity(entity.edge[0]), resolver.entity(entity.edge[1])];
+             connections = [];
+           } else {
+             childNodes = entity.nodes ? resolver.childNodes(entity) : [];
+             connections = features.getParents(entity, resolver, entity.geometry(resolver));
+           } // gather ways connected to child nodes..
+
+
+           connections = childNodes.reduce(function (result, e) {
+             return resolver.isShared(e) ? utilArrayUnion(result, resolver.parentWays(e)) : result;
+           }, connections);
+           return connections.some(function (e) {
+             return features.isHidden(e, resolver, e.geometry(resolver));
+           });
+         };
+
+         features.isHidden = function (entity, resolver, geometry) {
+           if (!_hidden.length) return false;
+           if (!entity.version) return false;
+           var fn = geometry === 'vertex' ? features.isHiddenChild : features.isHiddenFeature;
+           return fn(entity, resolver, geometry);
+         };
+
+         features.filter = function (d, resolver) {
+           if (!_hidden.length) return d;
+           var result = [];
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < d.length; i++) {
+             var entity = d[i];
+
+             if (!features.isHidden(entity, resolver, entity.geometry(resolver))) {
+               result.push(entity);
+             }
+           }
+
+           return result;
+         };
+
+         features.forceVisible = function (entityIDs) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return Object.keys(_forceVisible);
+           _forceVisible = {};
+
+           for (var i = 0; i < entityIDs.length; i++) {
+             _forceVisible[entityIDs[i]] = true;
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(entityIDs[i]);
+
+             if (entity && entity.type === 'relation') {
+               // also show relation members (one level deep)
+               for (var j in entity.members) {
+                 _forceVisible[entity.members[j].id] = true;
+               }
+             }
+           }
+
+           return features;
+         };
+
+         features.init = function () {
+           var storage = corePreferences('disabled-features');
+
+           if (storage) {
+             var storageDisabled = storage.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
+             storageDisabled.forEach(features.disable);
+           }
+
+           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+
+           if (hash.disable_features) {
+             var hashDisabled = hash.disable_features.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
+             hashDisabled.forEach(features.disable);
            }
+         }; // warm up the feature matching cache upon merging fetched data
+
+
+         context.history().on('merge.features', function (newEntities) {
+           if (!newEntities) return;
+           var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+             var graph = context.graph();
+             var types = utilArrayGroupBy(newEntities, 'type'); // ensure that getMatches is called on relations before ways
+
+             var entities = [].concat(types.relation || [], types.way || [], types.node || []);
+
+             for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+               var geometry = entities[i].geometry(graph);
+               features.getMatches(entities[i], graph, geometry);
+             }
+           });
+
+           _deferred.add(handle);
+         });
+         return features;
+       }
+
+       //
+       // - the activeID - nope
+       // - 1 away (adjacent) to the activeID - yes (vertices will be merged)
+       // - 2 away from the activeID - nope (would create a self intersecting segment)
+       // - all others on a linear way - yes
+       // - all others on a closed way - nope (would create a self intersecting polygon)
+       //
+       // returns
+       // 0 = active vertex - no touch/connect
+       // 1 = passive vertex - yes touch/connect
+       // 2 = adjacent vertex - yes but pay attention segmenting a line here
+       //
 
+       function svgPassiveVertex(node, graph, activeID) {
+         if (!activeID) return 1;
+         if (activeID === node.id) return 0;
+         var parents = graph.parentWays(node);
+         var i, j, nodes, isClosed, ix1, ix2, ix3, ix4, max;
+
+         for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
+           nodes = parents[i].nodes;
+           isClosed = parents[i].isClosed();
+
+           for (j = 0; j < nodes.length; j++) {
+             // find this vertex, look nearby
+             if (nodes[j] === node.id) {
+               ix1 = j - 2;
+               ix2 = j - 1;
+               ix3 = j + 1;
+               ix4 = j + 2;
 
-           defineRule('points', function isPoint(tags, geometry) {
-               return geometry === 'point';
-           }, 200);
+               if (isClosed) {
+                 // wraparound if needed
+                 max = nodes.length - 1;
+                 if (ix1 < 0) ix1 = max + ix1;
+                 if (ix2 < 0) ix2 = max + ix2;
+                 if (ix3 > max) ix3 = ix3 - max;
+                 if (ix4 > max) ix4 = ix4 - max;
+               }
 
-           defineRule('traffic_roads', function isTrafficRoad(tags) {
-               return traffic_roads[tags.highway];
-           });
+               if (nodes[ix1] === activeID) return 0; // no - prevent self intersect
+               else if (nodes[ix2] === activeID) return 2; // ok - adjacent
+               else if (nodes[ix3] === activeID) return 2; // ok - adjacent
+               else if (nodes[ix4] === activeID) return 0; // no - prevent self intersect
+               else if (isClosed && nodes.indexOf(activeID) !== -1) return 0; // no - prevent self intersect
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-           defineRule('service_roads', function isServiceRoad(tags) {
-               return service_roads[tags.highway];
+         return 1; // ok
+       }
+       function svgMarkerSegments(projection, graph, dt, shouldReverse, bothDirections) {
+         return function (entity) {
+           var i = 0;
+           var offset = dt;
+           var segments = [];
+           var clip = d3_geoIdentity().clipExtent(projection.clipExtent()).stream;
+           var coordinates = graph.childNodes(entity).map(function (n) {
+             return n.loc;
            });
+           var a, b;
 
-           defineRule('paths', function isPath(tags) {
-               return paths[tags.highway];
-           });
+           if (shouldReverse(entity)) {
+             coordinates.reverse();
+           }
 
-           defineRule('buildings', function isBuilding(tags) {
-               return (
-                   (!!tags.building && tags.building !== 'no') ||
-                   tags.parking === 'multi-storey' ||
-                   tags.parking === 'sheds' ||
-                   tags.parking === 'carports' ||
-                   tags.parking === 'garage_boxes'
-               );
-           }, 250);
-
-           defineRule('building_parts', function isBuildingPart(tags) {
-               return tags['building:part'];
-           });
-
-           defineRule('indoor', function isIndoor(tags) {
-               return tags.indoor;
-           });
-
-           defineRule('landuse', function isLanduse(tags, geometry) {
-               return geometry === 'area' &&
-                   !_rules.buildings.filter(tags) &&
-                   !_rules.building_parts.filter(tags) &&
-                   !_rules.indoor.filter(tags) &&
-                   !_rules.water.filter(tags) &&
-                   !_rules.pistes.filter(tags);
-           });
-
-           defineRule('boundaries', function isBoundary(tags) {
-               return (
-                   !!tags.boundary
-               ) && !(
-                   traffic_roads[tags.highway] ||
-                   service_roads[tags.highway] ||
-                   paths[tags.highway] ||
-                   tags.waterway ||
-                   tags.railway ||
-                   tags.landuse ||
-                   tags.natural ||
-                   tags.building ||
-                   tags.power
-               );
-           });
+           d3_geoStream({
+             type: 'LineString',
+             coordinates: coordinates
+           }, projection.stream(clip({
+             lineStart: function lineStart() {},
+             lineEnd: function lineEnd() {
+               a = null;
+             },
+             point: function point(x, y) {
+               b = [x, y];
 
-           defineRule('water', function isWater(tags) {
-               return (
-                   !!tags.waterway ||
-                   tags.natural === 'water' ||
-                   tags.natural === 'coastline' ||
-                   tags.natural === 'bay' ||
-                   tags.landuse === 'pond' ||
-                   tags.landuse === 'basin' ||
-                   tags.landuse === 'reservoir' ||
-                   tags.landuse === 'salt_pond'
-               );
-           });
+               if (a) {
+                 var span = geoVecLength(a, b) - offset;
 
-           defineRule('rail', function isRail(tags) {
-               return (
-                   !!tags.railway ||
-                   tags.landuse === 'railway'
-               ) && !(
-                   traffic_roads[tags.highway] ||
-                   service_roads[tags.highway] ||
-                   paths[tags.highway]
-               );
-           });
+                 if (span >= 0) {
+                   var heading = geoVecAngle(a, b);
+                   var dx = dt * Math.cos(heading);
+                   var dy = dt * Math.sin(heading);
+                   var p = [a[0] + offset * Math.cos(heading), a[1] + offset * Math.sin(heading)]; // gather coordinates
 
-           defineRule('pistes', function isPiste(tags) {
-               return tags['piste:type'];
-           });
+                   var coord = [a, p];
 
-           defineRule('aerialways', function isPiste(tags) {
-               return tags.aerialway &&
-                   tags.aerialway !== 'yes' &&
-                   tags.aerialway !== 'station';
-           });
+                   for (span -= dt; span >= 0; span -= dt) {
+                     p = geoVecAdd(p, [dx, dy]);
+                     coord.push(p);
+                   }
 
-           defineRule('power', function isPower(tags) {
-               return !!tags.power;
-           });
+                   coord.push(b); // generate svg paths
 
-           // contains a past/future tag, but not in active use as a road/path/cycleway/etc..
-           defineRule('past_future', function isPastFuture(tags) {
-               if (
-                   traffic_roads[tags.highway] ||
-                   service_roads[tags.highway] ||
-                   paths[tags.highway]
-               ) { return false; }
+                   var segment = '';
+                   var j;
 
-               var strings = Object.keys(tags);
+                   for (j = 0; j < coord.length; j++) {
+                     segment += (j === 0 ? 'M' : 'L') + coord[j][0] + ',' + coord[j][1];
+                   }
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < strings.length; i++) {
-                   var s = strings[i];
-                   if (past_futures[s] || past_futures[tags[s]]) { return true; }
-               }
-               return false;
-           });
+                   segments.push({
+                     id: entity.id,
+                     index: i++,
+                     d: segment
+                   });
 
-           // Lines or areas that don't match another feature filter.
-           // IMPORTANT: The 'others' feature must be the last one defined,
-           //   so that code in getMatches can skip this test if `hasMatch = true`
-           defineRule('others', function isOther(tags, geometry) {
-               return (geometry === 'line' || geometry === 'area');
-           });
+                   if (bothDirections(entity)) {
+                     segment = '';
 
+                     for (j = coord.length - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+                       segment += (j === coord.length - 1 ? 'M' : 'L') + coord[j][0] + ',' + coord[j][1];
+                     }
 
+                     segments.push({
+                       id: entity.id,
+                       index: i++,
+                       d: segment
+                     });
+                   }
+                 }
 
-           features.features = function() {
-               return _rules;
-           };
+                 offset = -span;
+               }
 
+               a = b;
+             }
+           })));
+           return segments;
+         };
+       }
+       function svgPath(projection, graph, isArea) {
+         // Explanation of magic numbers:
+         // "padding" here allows space for strokes to extend beyond the viewport,
+         // so that the stroke isn't drawn along the edge of the viewport when
+         // the shape is clipped.
+         //
+         // When drawing lines, pad viewport by 5px.
+         // When drawing areas, pad viewport by 65px in each direction to allow
+         // for 60px area fill stroke (see ".fill-partial path.fill" css rule)
+         var cache = {};
+         var padding = isArea ? 65 : 5;
+         var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
+         var paddedExtent = [[viewport[0][0] - padding, viewport[0][1] - padding], [viewport[1][0] + padding, viewport[1][1] + padding]];
+         var clip = d3_geoIdentity().clipExtent(paddedExtent).stream;
+         var project = projection.stream;
+         var path = d3_geoPath().projection({
+           stream: function stream(output) {
+             return project(clip(output));
+           }
+         });
 
-           features.keys = function() {
-               return _keys;
-           };
+         var svgpath = function svgpath(entity) {
+           if (entity.id in cache) {
+             return cache[entity.id];
+           } else {
+             return cache[entity.id] = path(entity.asGeoJSON(graph));
+           }
+         };
 
+         svgpath.geojson = function (d) {
+           if (d.__featurehash__ !== undefined) {
+             if (d.__featurehash__ in cache) {
+               return cache[d.__featurehash__];
+             } else {
+               return cache[d.__featurehash__] = path(d);
+             }
+           } else {
+             return path(d);
+           }
+         };
 
-           features.enabled = function(k) {
-               if (!arguments.length) {
-                   return _keys.filter(function(k) { return _rules[k].enabled; });
-               }
-               return _rules[k] && _rules[k].enabled;
-           };
+         return svgpath;
+       }
+       function svgPointTransform(projection) {
+         var svgpoint = function svgpoint(entity) {
+           // http://jsperf.com/short-array-join
+           var pt = projection(entity.loc);
+           return 'translate(' + pt[0] + ',' + pt[1] + ')';
+         };
 
+         svgpoint.geojson = function (d) {
+           return svgpoint(d.properties.entity);
+         };
 
-           features.disabled = function(k) {
-               if (!arguments.length) {
-                   return _keys.filter(function(k) { return !_rules[k].enabled; });
-               }
-               return _rules[k] && !_rules[k].enabled;
-           };
+         return svgpoint;
+       }
+       function svgRelationMemberTags(graph) {
+         return function (entity) {
+           var tags = entity.tags;
+           var shouldCopyMultipolygonTags = !entity.hasInterestingTags();
+           graph.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function (relation) {
+             var type = relation.tags.type;
 
+             if (type === 'multipolygon' && shouldCopyMultipolygonTags || type === 'boundary') {
+               tags = Object.assign({}, relation.tags, tags);
+             }
+           });
+           return tags;
+         };
+       }
+       function svgSegmentWay(way, graph, activeID) {
+         // When there is no activeID, we can memoize this expensive computation
+         if (activeID === undefined) {
+           return graph["transient"](way, 'waySegments', getWaySegments);
+         } else {
+           return getWaySegments();
+         }
 
-           features.hidden = function(k) {
-               if (!arguments.length) {
-                   return _keys.filter(function(k) { return _rules[k].hidden(); });
-               }
-               return _rules[k] && _rules[k].hidden();
+         function getWaySegments() {
+           var isActiveWay = way.nodes.indexOf(activeID) !== -1;
+           var features = {
+             passive: [],
+             active: []
            };
+           var start = {};
+           var end = {};
+           var node, type;
 
+           for (var i = 0; i < way.nodes.length; i++) {
+             node = graph.entity(way.nodes[i]);
+             type = svgPassiveVertex(node, graph, activeID);
+             end = {
+               node: node,
+               type: type
+             };
 
-           features.autoHidden = function(k) {
-               if (!arguments.length) {
-                   return _keys.filter(function(k) { return _rules[k].autoHidden(); });
+             if (start.type !== undefined) {
+               if (start.node.id === activeID || end.node.id === activeID) ; else if (isActiveWay && (start.type === 2 || end.type === 2)) {
+                 // one adjacent vertex
+                 pushActive(start, end, i);
+               } else if (start.type === 0 && end.type === 0) {
+                 // both active vertices
+                 pushActive(start, end, i);
+               } else {
+                 pushPassive(start, end, i);
                }
-               return _rules[k] && _rules[k].autoHidden();
-           };
+             }
 
+             start = end;
+           }
+
+           return features;
 
-           features.enable = function(k) {
-               if (_rules[k] && !_rules[k].enabled) {
-                   _rules[k].enable();
-                   update();
+           function pushActive(start, end, index) {
+             features.active.push({
+               type: 'Feature',
+               id: way.id + '-' + index + '-nope',
+               properties: {
+                 nope: true,
+                 target: true,
+                 entity: way,
+                 nodes: [start.node, end.node],
+                 index: index
+               },
+               geometry: {
+                 type: 'LineString',
+                 coordinates: [start.node.loc, end.node.loc]
                }
-           };
+             });
+           }
 
-           features.enableAll = function() {
-               var didEnable = false;
-               for (var k in _rules) {
-                   if (!_rules[k].enabled) {
-                       didEnable = true;
-                       _rules[k].enable();
-                   }
+           function pushPassive(start, end, index) {
+             features.passive.push({
+               type: 'Feature',
+               id: way.id + '-' + index,
+               properties: {
+                 target: true,
+                 entity: way,
+                 nodes: [start.node, end.node],
+                 index: index
+               },
+               geometry: {
+                 type: 'LineString',
+                 coordinates: [start.node.loc, end.node.loc]
                }
-               if (didEnable) update();
-           };
+             });
+           }
+         }
+       }
 
+       function svgTagClasses() {
+         var primaries = ['building', 'highway', 'railway', 'waterway', 'aeroway', 'aerialway', 'piste:type', 'boundary', 'power', 'amenity', 'natural', 'landuse', 'leisure', 'military', 'place', 'man_made', 'route', 'attraction', 'building:part', 'indoor'];
+         var statuses = [// nonexistent, might be built
+         'proposed', 'planned', // under maintentance or between groundbreaking and opening
+         'construction', // existent but not functional
+         'disused', // dilapidated to nonexistent
+         'abandoned', // nonexistent, still may appear in imagery
+         'dismantled', 'razed', 'demolished', 'obliterated', // existent occasionally, e.g. stormwater drainage basin
+         'intermittent'];
+         var secondaries = ['oneway', 'bridge', 'tunnel', 'embankment', 'cutting', 'barrier', 'surface', 'tracktype', 'footway', 'crossing', 'service', 'sport', 'public_transport', 'location', 'parking', 'golf', 'type', 'leisure', 'man_made', 'indoor', 'construction', 'proposed'];
 
-           features.disable = function(k) {
-               if (_rules[k] && _rules[k].enabled) {
-                   _rules[k].disable();
-                   update();
-               }
-           };
+         var _tags = function _tags(entity) {
+           return entity.tags;
+         };
 
-           features.disableAll = function() {
-               var didDisable = false;
-               for (var k in _rules) {
-                   if (_rules[k].enabled) {
-                       didDisable = true;
-                       _rules[k].disable();
-                   }
-               }
-               if (didDisable) update();
-           };
+         var tagClasses = function tagClasses(selection) {
+           selection.each(function tagClassesEach(entity) {
+             var value = this.className;
 
+             if (value.baseVal !== undefined) {
+               value = value.baseVal;
+             }
 
-           features.toggle = function(k) {
-               if (_rules[k]) {
-                   (function(f) { return f.enabled ? f.disable() : f.enable(); }(_rules[k]));
-                   update();
-               }
-           };
+             var t = _tags(entity);
 
+             var computed = tagClasses.getClassesString(t, value);
 
-           features.resetStats = function() {
-               for (var i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
-                   _rules[_keys[i]].count = 0;
-               }
-               dispatch$1.call('change');
-           };
+             if (computed !== value) {
+               select(this).attr('class', computed);
+             }
+           });
+         };
 
+         tagClasses.getClassesString = function (t, value) {
+           var primary, status;
+           var i, j, k, v; // in some situations we want to render perimeter strokes a certain way
 
-           features.gatherStats = function(d, resolver, dimensions) {
-               var needsRedraw = false;
-               var types = utilArrayGroupBy(d, 'type');
-               var entities = [].concat(types.relation || [], types.way || [], types.node || []);
-               var currHidden, geometry, matches, i, j;
+           var overrideGeometry;
 
-               for (i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
-                   _rules[_keys[i]].count = 0;
-               }
+           if (/\bstroke\b/.test(value)) {
+             if (!!t.barrier && t.barrier !== 'no') {
+               overrideGeometry = 'line';
+             }
+           } // preserve base classes (nothing with `tag-`)
 
-               // adjust the threshold for point/building culling based on viewport size..
-               // a _cullFactor of 1 corresponds to a 1000x1000px viewport..
-               _cullFactor = dimensions[0] * dimensions[1] / 1000000;
 
-               for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-                   geometry = entities[i].geometry(resolver);
-                   matches = Object.keys(features.getMatches(entities[i], resolver, geometry));
-                   for (j = 0; j < matches.length; j++) {
-                       _rules[matches[j]].count++;
-                   }
-               }
+           var classes = value.trim().split(/\s+/).filter(function (klass) {
+             return klass.length && !/^tag-/.test(klass);
+           }).map(function (klass) {
+             // special overrides for some perimeter strokes
+             return klass === 'line' || klass === 'area' ? overrideGeometry || klass : klass;
+           }); // pick at most one primary classification tag..
 
-               currHidden = features.hidden();
-               if (currHidden !== _hidden) {
-                   _hidden = currHidden;
-                   needsRedraw = true;
-                   dispatch$1.call('change');
-               }
+           for (i = 0; i < primaries.length; i++) {
+             k = primaries[i];
+             v = t[k];
+             if (!v || v === 'no') continue;
 
-               return needsRedraw;
-           };
+             if (k === 'piste:type') {
+               // avoid a ':' in the class name
+               k = 'piste';
+             } else if (k === 'building:part') {
+               // avoid a ':' in the class name
+               k = 'building_part';
+             }
 
+             primary = k;
 
-           features.stats = function() {
-               for (var i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
-                   _stats[_keys[i]] = _rules[_keys[i]].count;
-               }
+             if (statuses.indexOf(v) !== -1) {
+               // e.g. `railway=abandoned`
+               status = v;
+               classes.push('tag-' + k);
+             } else {
+               classes.push('tag-' + k);
+               classes.push('tag-' + k + '-' + v);
+             }
 
-               return _stats;
-           };
+             break;
+           }
 
+           if (!primary) {
+             for (i = 0; i < statuses.length; i++) {
+               for (j = 0; j < primaries.length; j++) {
+                 k = statuses[i] + ':' + primaries[j]; // e.g. `demolished:building=yes`
 
-           features.clear = function(d) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < d.length; i++) {
-                   features.clearEntity(d[i]);
+                 v = t[k];
+                 if (!v || v === 'no') continue;
+                 status = statuses[i];
+                 break;
                }
-           };
+             }
+           } // add at most one status tag, only if relates to primary tag..
 
 
-           features.clearEntity = function(entity) {
-               delete _cache[osmEntity.key(entity)];
-           };
+           if (!status) {
+             for (i = 0; i < statuses.length; i++) {
+               k = statuses[i];
+               v = t[k];
+               if (!v || v === 'no') continue;
 
+               if (v === 'yes') {
+                 // e.g. `railway=rail + abandoned=yes`
+                 status = k;
+               } else if (primary && primary === v) {
+                 // e.g. `railway=rail + abandoned=railway`
+                 status = k;
+               } else if (!primary && primaries.indexOf(v) !== -1) {
+                 // e.g. `abandoned=railway`
+                 status = k;
+                 primary = v;
+                 classes.push('tag-' + v);
+               } // else ignore e.g.  `highway=path + abandoned=railway`
 
-           features.reset = function() {
-               Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function(handle) {
-                   window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
-                   _deferred.delete(handle);
-               });
 
-               _cache = {};
-           };
+               if (status) break;
+             }
+           }
 
-           // only certain relations are worth checking
-           function relationShouldBeChecked(relation) {
-               // multipolygon features have `area` geometry and aren't checked here
-               return relation.tags.type === 'boundary';
-           }
-
-           features.getMatches = function(entity, resolver, geometry) {
-               if (geometry === 'vertex' ||
-                   (geometry === 'relation' && !relationShouldBeChecked(entity))) return {};
-
-               var ent = osmEntity.key(entity);
-               if (!_cache[ent]) {
-                   _cache[ent] = {};
-               }
-
-               if (!_cache[ent].matches) {
-                   var matches = {};
-                   var hasMatch = false;
-
-                   for (var i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
-                       if (_keys[i] === 'others') {
-                           if (hasMatch) continue;
-
-                           // If an entity...
-                           //   1. is a way that hasn't matched other 'interesting' feature rules,
-                           if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                               var parents = features.getParents(entity, resolver, geometry);
-
-                               //   2a. belongs only to a single multipolygon relation
-                               if ((parents.length === 1 && parents[0].isMultipolygon()) ||
-                                   // 2b. or belongs only to boundary relations
-                                   (parents.length > 0 && parents.every(function(parent) { return parent.tags.type === 'boundary'; }))) {
-
-                                   // ...then match whatever feature rules the parent relation has matched.
-                                   // see #2548, #2887
-                                   //
-                                   // IMPORTANT:
-                                   // For this to work, getMatches must be called on relations before ways.
-                                   //
-                                   var pkey = osmEntity.key(parents[0]);
-                                   if (_cache[pkey] && _cache[pkey].matches) {
-                                       matches = Object.assign({}, _cache[pkey].matches);  // shallow copy
-                                       continue;
-                                   }
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
+           if (status) {
+             classes.push('tag-status');
+             classes.push('tag-status-' + status);
+           } // add any secondary tags
 
-                       if (_rules[_keys[i]].filter(entity.tags, geometry)) {
-                           matches[_keys[i]] = hasMatch = true;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   _cache[ent].matches = matches;
-               }
 
-               return _cache[ent].matches;
-           };
+           for (i = 0; i < secondaries.length; i++) {
+             k = secondaries[i];
+             v = t[k];
+             if (!v || v === 'no' || k === primary) continue;
+             classes.push('tag-' + k);
+             classes.push('tag-' + k + '-' + v);
+           } // For highways, look for surface tagging..
 
 
-           features.getParents = function(entity, resolver, geometry) {
-               if (geometry === 'point') return [];
+           if (primary === 'highway' && !osmPathHighwayTagValues[t.highway] || primary === 'aeroway') {
+             var surface = t.highway === 'track' ? 'unpaved' : 'paved';
 
-               var ent = osmEntity.key(entity);
-               if (!_cache[ent]) {
-                   _cache[ent] = {};
+             for (k in t) {
+               v = t[k];
+
+               if (k in osmPavedTags) {
+                 surface = osmPavedTags[k][v] ? 'paved' : 'unpaved';
                }
 
-               if (!_cache[ent].parents) {
-                   var parents = [];
-                   if (geometry === 'vertex') {
-                       parents = resolver.parentWays(entity);
-                   } else {   // 'line', 'area', 'relation'
-                       parents = resolver.parentRelations(entity);
-                   }
-                   _cache[ent].parents = parents;
+               if (k in osmSemipavedTags && !!osmSemipavedTags[k][v]) {
+                 surface = 'semipaved';
                }
-               return _cache[ent].parents;
-           };
+             }
 
+             classes.push('tag-' + surface);
+           } // If this is a wikidata-tagged item, add a class for that..
 
-           features.isHiddenPreset = function(preset, geometry) {
-               if (!_hidden.length) return false;
-               if (!preset.tags) return false;
 
-               var test = preset.setTags({}, geometry);
-               for (var key in _rules) {
-                   if (_rules[key].filter(test, geometry)) {
-                       if (_hidden.indexOf(key) !== -1) {
-                           return key;
-                       }
-                       return false;
-                   }
-               }
-               return false;
-           };
+           var qid = t.wikidata || t['flag:wikidata'] || t['brand:wikidata'] || t['network:wikidata'] || t['operator:wikidata'];
 
+           if (qid) {
+             classes.push('tag-wikidata');
+           }
 
-           features.isHiddenFeature = function(entity, resolver, geometry) {
-               if (!_hidden.length) return false;
-               if (!entity.version) return false;
-               if (_forceVisible[entity.id]) return false;
+           return classes.join(' ').trim();
+         };
 
-               var matches = Object.keys(features.getMatches(entity, resolver, geometry));
-               return matches.length && matches.every(function(k) { return features.hidden(k); });
-           };
+         tagClasses.tags = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
+           _tags = val;
+           return tagClasses;
+         };
 
+         return tagClasses;
+       }
 
-           features.isHiddenChild = function(entity, resolver, geometry) {
-               if (!_hidden.length) return false;
-               if (!entity.version || geometry === 'point') return false;
-               if (_forceVisible[entity.id]) return false;
+       // Patterns only work in Firefox when set directly on element.
+       // (This is not a bug: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=750632)
+       var patterns = {
+         // tag - pattern name
+         // -or-
+         // tag - value - pattern name
+         // -or-
+         // tag - value - rules (optional tag-values, pattern name)
+         // (matches earlier rules first, so fallback should be last entry)
+         amenity: {
+           grave_yard: 'cemetery',
+           fountain: 'water_standing'
+         },
+         landuse: {
+           cemetery: [{
+             religion: 'christian',
+             pattern: 'cemetery_christian'
+           }, {
+             religion: 'buddhist',
+             pattern: 'cemetery_buddhist'
+           }, {
+             religion: 'muslim',
+             pattern: 'cemetery_muslim'
+           }, {
+             religion: 'jewish',
+             pattern: 'cemetery_jewish'
+           }, {
+             pattern: 'cemetery'
+           }],
+           construction: 'construction',
+           farmland: 'farmland',
+           farmyard: 'farmyard',
+           forest: [{
+             leaf_type: 'broadleaved',
+             pattern: 'forest_broadleaved'
+           }, {
+             leaf_type: 'needleleaved',
+             pattern: 'forest_needleleaved'
+           }, {
+             leaf_type: 'leafless',
+             pattern: 'forest_leafless'
+           }, {
+             pattern: 'forest'
+           } // same as 'leaf_type:mixed'
+           ],
+           grave_yard: 'cemetery',
+           grass: [{
+             golf: 'green',
+             pattern: 'golf_green'
+           }, {
+             pattern: 'grass'
+           }],
+           landfill: 'landfill',
+           meadow: 'meadow',
+           military: 'construction',
+           orchard: 'orchard',
+           quarry: 'quarry',
+           vineyard: 'vineyard'
+         },
+         natural: {
+           beach: 'beach',
+           grassland: 'grass',
+           sand: 'beach',
+           scrub: 'scrub',
+           water: [{
+             water: 'pond',
+             pattern: 'pond'
+           }, {
+             water: 'reservoir',
+             pattern: 'water_standing'
+           }, {
+             pattern: 'waves'
+           }],
+           wetland: [{
+             wetland: 'marsh',
+             pattern: 'wetland_marsh'
+           }, {
+             wetland: 'swamp',
+             pattern: 'wetland_swamp'
+           }, {
+             wetland: 'bog',
+             pattern: 'wetland_bog'
+           }, {
+             wetland: 'reedbed',
+             pattern: 'wetland_reedbed'
+           }, {
+             pattern: 'wetland'
+           }],
+           wood: [{
+             leaf_type: 'broadleaved',
+             pattern: 'forest_broadleaved'
+           }, {
+             leaf_type: 'needleleaved',
+             pattern: 'forest_needleleaved'
+           }, {
+             leaf_type: 'leafless',
+             pattern: 'forest_leafless'
+           }, {
+             pattern: 'forest'
+           } // same as 'leaf_type:mixed'
+           ]
+         },
+         traffic_calming: {
+           island: [{
+             surface: 'grass',
+             pattern: 'grass'
+           }],
+           chicane: [{
+             surface: 'grass',
+             pattern: 'grass'
+           }],
+           choker: [{
+             surface: 'grass',
+             pattern: 'grass'
+           }]
+         }
+       };
+       function svgTagPattern(tags) {
+         // Skip pattern filling if this is a building (buildings don't get patterns applied)
+         if (tags.building && tags.building !== 'no') {
+           return null;
+         }
 
-               var parents = features.getParents(entity, resolver, geometry);
-               if (!parents.length) return false;
+         for (var tag in patterns) {
+           var entityValue = tags[tag];
+           if (!entityValue) continue;
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
-                   if (!features.isHidden(parents[i], resolver, parents[i].geometry(resolver))) {
-                       return false;
-                   }
-               }
-               return true;
-           };
+           if (typeof patterns[tag] === 'string') {
+             // extra short syntax (just tag) - pattern name
+             return 'pattern-' + patterns[tag];
+           } else {
+             var values = patterns[tag];
 
+             for (var value in values) {
+               if (entityValue !== value) continue;
+               var rules = values[value];
 
-           features.hasHiddenConnections = function(entity, resolver) {
-               if (!_hidden.length) return false;
+               if (typeof rules === 'string') {
+                 // short syntax - pattern name
+                 return 'pattern-' + rules;
+               } // long syntax - rule array
 
-               var childNodes, connections;
-               if (entity.type === 'midpoint') {
-                   childNodes = [resolver.entity(entity.edge[0]), resolver.entity(entity.edge[1])];
-                   connections = [];
-               } else {
-                   childNodes = entity.nodes ? resolver.childNodes(entity) : [];
-                   connections = features.getParents(entity, resolver, entity.geometry(resolver));
-               }
 
-               // gather ways connected to child nodes..
-               connections = childNodes.reduce(function(result, e) {
-                   return resolver.isShared(e) ? utilArrayUnion(result, resolver.parentWays(e)) : result;
-               }, connections);
+               for (var ruleKey in rules) {
+                 var rule = rules[ruleKey];
+                 var pass = true;
 
-               return connections.some(function(e) {
-                   return features.isHidden(e, resolver, e.geometry(resolver));
-               });
-           };
+                 for (var criterion in rule) {
+                   if (criterion !== 'pattern') {
+                     // reserved for pattern name
+                     // The only rule is a required tag-value pair
+                     var v = tags[criterion];
 
+                     if (!v || v !== rule[criterion]) {
+                       pass = false;
+                       break;
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
 
-           features.isHidden = function(entity, resolver, geometry) {
-               if (!_hidden.length) return false;
-               if (!entity.version) return false;
+                 if (pass) {
+                   return 'pattern-' + rule.pattern;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-               var fn = (geometry === 'vertex' ? features.isHiddenChild : features.isHiddenFeature);
-               return fn(entity, resolver, geometry);
-           };
+         return null;
+       }
 
+       function svgAreas(projection, context) {
+         function getPatternStyle(tags) {
+           var imageID = svgTagPattern(tags);
 
-           features.filter = function(d, resolver) {
-               if (!_hidden.length) return d;
+           if (imageID) {
+             return 'url("#ideditor-' + imageID + '")';
+           }
 
-               var result = [];
-               for (var i = 0; i < d.length; i++) {
-                   var entity = d[i];
-                   if (!features.isHidden(entity, resolver, entity.geometry(resolver))) {
-                       result.push(entity);
-                   }
-               }
-               return result;
+           return '';
+         }
+
+         function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
+           var targetClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var nopeClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'red ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var getPath = svgPath(projection).geojson;
+           var activeID = context.activeID();
+           var base = context.history().base(); // The targets and nopes will be MultiLineString sub-segments of the ways
+
+           var data = {
+             targets: [],
+             nopes: []
            };
+           entities.forEach(function (way) {
+             var features = svgSegmentWay(way, graph, activeID);
+             data.targets.push.apply(data.targets, features.passive);
+             data.nopes.push.apply(data.nopes, features.active);
+           }); // Targets allow hover and vertex snapping
 
+           var targetData = data.targets.filter(getPath);
+           var targets = selection.selectAll('.area.target-allowed').filter(function (d) {
+             return filter(d.properties.entity);
+           }).data(targetData, function key(d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-           features.forceVisible = function(entityIDs) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return Object.keys(_forceVisible);
+           targets.exit().remove();
 
-               _forceVisible = {};
-               for (var i = 0; i < entityIDs.length; i++) {
-                   _forceVisible[entityIDs[i]] = true;
-                   var entity = context.hasEntity(entityIDs[i]);
-                   if (entity && entity.type === 'relation') {
-                       // also show relation members (one level deep)
-                       for (var j in entity.members) {
-                           _forceVisible[entity.members[j].id] = true;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
-               return features;
-           };
+           var segmentWasEdited = function segmentWasEdited(d) {
+             var wayID = d.properties.entity.id; // if the whole line was edited, don't draw segment changes
 
+             if (!base.entities[wayID] || !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[wayID].nodes, base.entities[wayID].nodes)) {
+               return false;
+             }
 
-           features.init = function() {
-               var storage = corePreferences('disabled-features');
-               if (storage) {
-                   var storageDisabled = storage.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
-                   storageDisabled.forEach(features.disable);
-               }
+             return d.properties.nodes.some(function (n) {
+               return !base.entities[n.id] || !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[n.id].loc, base.entities[n.id].loc);
+             });
+           }; // enter/update
 
-               var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
-               if (hash.disable_features) {
-                   var hashDisabled = hash.disable_features.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
-                   hashDisabled.forEach(features.disable);
-               }
-           };
 
+           targets.enter().append('path').merge(targets).attr('d', getPath).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'way area target target-allowed ' + targetClass + d.id;
+           }).classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited); // NOPE
 
-           // warm up the feature matching cache upon merging fetched data
-           context.history().on('merge.features', function(newEntities) {
-               if (!newEntities) return;
-               var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function() {
-                   var graph = context.graph();
-                   var types = utilArrayGroupBy(newEntities, 'type');
-                   // ensure that getMatches is called on relations before ways
-                   var entities = [].concat(types.relation || [], types.way || [], types.node || []);
-                   for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-                       var geometry = entities[i].geometry(graph);
-                       features.getMatches(entities[i], graph, geometry);
-                   }
-               });
-               _deferred.add(handle);
-           });
+           var nopeData = data.nopes.filter(getPath);
+           var nopes = selection.selectAll('.area.target-nope').filter(function (d) {
+             return filter(d.properties.entity);
+           }).data(nopeData, function key(d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
+           nopes.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-           return features;
-       }
+           nopes.enter().append('path').merge(nopes).attr('d', getPath).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'way area target target-nope ' + nopeClass + d.id;
+           }).classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited);
+         }
 
-       // Touch targets control which other vertices we can drag a vertex onto.
-       //
-       // - the activeID - nope
-       // - 1 away (adjacent) to the activeID - yes (vertices will be merged)
-       // - 2 away from the activeID - nope (would create a self intersecting segment)
-       // - all others on a linear way - yes
-       // - all others on a closed way - nope (would create a self intersecting polygon)
-       //
-       // returns
-       // 0 = active vertex - no touch/connect
-       // 1 = passive vertex - yes touch/connect
-       // 2 = adjacent vertex - yes but pay attention segmenting a line here
-       //
-       function svgPassiveVertex(node, graph, activeID) {
-           if (!activeID) return 1;
-           if (activeID === node.id) return 0;
+         function drawAreas(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
+           var path = svgPath(projection, graph, true);
+           var areas = {};
+           var multipolygon;
+           var base = context.history().base();
 
-           var parents = graph.parentWays(node);
+           for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+             var entity = entities[i];
+             if (entity.geometry(graph) !== 'area') continue;
+             multipolygon = osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph);
 
-           var i, j, nodes, isClosed, ix1, ix2, ix3, ix4, max;
+             if (multipolygon) {
+               areas[multipolygon.id] = {
+                 entity: multipolygon.mergeTags(entity.tags),
+                 area: Math.abs(entity.area(graph))
+               };
+             } else if (!areas[entity.id]) {
+               areas[entity.id] = {
+                 entity: entity,
+                 area: Math.abs(entity.area(graph))
+               };
+             }
+           }
 
-           for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
-               nodes = parents[i].nodes;
-               isClosed = parents[i].isClosed();
-               for (j = 0; j < nodes.length; j++) {   // find this vertex, look nearby
-                   if (nodes[j] === node.id) {
-                       ix1 = j - 2;
-                       ix2 = j - 1;
-                       ix3 = j + 1;
-                       ix4 = j + 2;
-
-                       if (isClosed) {  // wraparound if needed
-                           max = nodes.length - 1;
-                           if (ix1 < 0)   ix1 = max + ix1;
-                           if (ix2 < 0)   ix2 = max + ix2;
-                           if (ix3 > max) ix3 = ix3 - max;
-                           if (ix4 > max) ix4 = ix4 - max;
-                       }
+           var fills = Object.values(areas).filter(function hasPath(a) {
+             return path(a.entity);
+           });
+           fills.sort(function areaSort(a, b) {
+             return b.area - a.area;
+           });
+           fills = fills.map(function (a) {
+             return a.entity;
+           });
+           var strokes = fills.filter(function (area) {
+             return area.type === 'way';
+           });
+           var data = {
+             clip: fills,
+             shadow: strokes,
+             stroke: strokes,
+             fill: fills
+           };
+           var clipPaths = context.surface().selectAll('defs').selectAll('.clipPath-osm').filter(filter).data(data.clip, osmEntity.key);
+           clipPaths.exit().remove();
+           var clipPathsEnter = clipPaths.enter().append('clipPath').attr('class', 'clipPath-osm').attr('id', function (entity) {
+             return 'ideditor-' + entity.id + '-clippath';
+           });
+           clipPathsEnter.append('path');
+           clipPaths.merge(clipPathsEnter).selectAll('path').attr('d', path);
+           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.areas');
+           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.areas'); // Draw areas..
 
-                       if (nodes[ix1] === activeID) return 0;        // no - prevent self intersect
-                       else if (nodes[ix2] === activeID) return 2;   // ok - adjacent
-                       else if (nodes[ix3] === activeID) return 2;   // ok - adjacent
-                       else if (nodes[ix4] === activeID) return 0;   // no - prevent self intersect
-                       else if (isClosed && nodes.indexOf(activeID) !== -1) return 0;  // no - prevent self intersect
-                   }
-               }
+           var areagroup = drawLayer.selectAll('g.areagroup').data(['fill', 'shadow', 'stroke']);
+           areagroup = areagroup.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'areagroup area-' + d;
+           }).merge(areagroup);
+           var paths = areagroup.selectAll('path').filter(filter).data(function (layer) {
+             return data[layer];
+           }, osmEntity.key);
+           paths.exit().remove();
+           var fillpaths = selection.selectAll('.area-fill path.area').nodes();
+           var bisect = d3_bisector(function (node) {
+             return -node.__data__.area(graph);
+           }).left;
+
+           function sortedByArea(entity) {
+             if (this._parent.__data__ === 'fill') {
+               return fillpaths[bisect(fillpaths, -entity.area(graph))];
+             }
            }
 
-           return 1;   // ok
-       }
-
-
-       function svgMarkerSegments(projection, graph, dt,
-                                         shouldReverse,
-                                         bothDirections) {
-           return function(entity) {
-               var i = 0;
-               var offset = dt;
-               var segments = [];
-               var clip = d3_geoIdentity().clipExtent(projection.clipExtent()).stream;
-               var coordinates = graph.childNodes(entity).map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
-               var a, b;
-
-               if (shouldReverse(entity)) {
-                   coordinates.reverse();
-               }
-
-               d3_geoStream({
-                   type: 'LineString',
-                   coordinates: coordinates
-               }, projection.stream(clip({
-                   lineStart: function() {},
-                   lineEnd: function() { a = null; },
-                   point: function(x, y) {
-                       b = [x, y];
-
-                       if (a) {
-                           var span = geoVecLength(a, b) - offset;
-
-                           if (span >= 0) {
-                               var heading = geoVecAngle(a, b);
-                               var dx = dt * Math.cos(heading);
-                               var dy = dt * Math.sin(heading);
-                               var p = [
-                                   a[0] + offset * Math.cos(heading),
-                                   a[1] + offset * Math.sin(heading)
-                               ];
-
-                               // gather coordinates
-                               var coord = [a, p];
-                               for (span -= dt; span >= 0; span -= dt) {
-                                   p = geoVecAdd(p, [dx, dy]);
-                                   coord.push(p);
-                               }
-                               coord.push(b);
-
-                               // generate svg paths
-                               var segment = '';
-                               var j;
-
-                               for (j = 0; j < coord.length; j++) {
-                                   segment += (j === 0 ? 'M' : 'L') + coord[j][0] + ',' + coord[j][1];
-                               }
-                               segments.push({ id: entity.id, index: i++, d: segment });
-
-                               if (bothDirections(entity)) {
-                                   segment = '';
-                                   for (j = coord.length - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
-                                       segment += (j === coord.length - 1 ? 'M' : 'L') + coord[j][0] + ',' + coord[j][1];
-                                   }
-                                   segments.push({ id: entity.id, index: i++, d: segment });
-                               }
-                           }
+           paths = paths.enter().insert('path', sortedByArea).merge(paths).each(function (entity) {
+             var layer = this.parentNode.__data__;
+             this.setAttribute('class', entity.type + ' area ' + layer + ' ' + entity.id);
 
-                           offset = -span;
-                       }
+             if (layer === 'fill') {
+               this.setAttribute('clip-path', 'url(#ideditor-' + entity.id + '-clippath)');
+               this.style.fill = this.style.stroke = getPatternStyle(entity.tags);
+             }
+           }).classed('added', function (d) {
+             return !base.entities[d.id];
+           }).classed('geometry-edited', function (d) {
+             return graph.entities[d.id] && base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].nodes, base.entities[d.id].nodes);
+           }).classed('retagged', function (d) {
+             return graph.entities[d.id] && base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
+           }).call(svgTagClasses()).attr('d', path); // Draw touch targets..
 
-                       a = b;
-                   }
-               })));
+           touchLayer.call(drawTargets, graph, data.stroke, filter);
+         }
 
-               return segments;
-           };
+         return drawAreas;
        }
 
+       var fastJsonStableStringify = function fastJsonStableStringify(data, opts) {
+         if (!opts) opts = {};
+         if (typeof opts === 'function') opts = {
+           cmp: opts
+         };
+         var cycles = typeof opts.cycles === 'boolean' ? opts.cycles : false;
 
-       function svgPath(projection, graph, isArea) {
+         var cmp = opts.cmp && function (f) {
+           return function (node) {
+             return function (a, b) {
+               var aobj = {
+                 key: a,
+                 value: node[a]
+               };
+               var bobj = {
+                 key: b,
+                 value: node[b]
+               };
+               return f(aobj, bobj);
+             };
+           };
+         }(opts.cmp);
 
-           // Explanation of magic numbers:
-           // "padding" here allows space for strokes to extend beyond the viewport,
-           // so that the stroke isn't drawn along the edge of the viewport when
-           // the shape is clipped.
-           //
-           // When drawing lines, pad viewport by 5px.
-           // When drawing areas, pad viewport by 65px in each direction to allow
-           // for 60px area fill stroke (see ".fill-partial path.fill" css rule)
+         var seen = [];
+         return function stringify(node) {
+           if (node && node.toJSON && typeof node.toJSON === 'function') {
+             node = node.toJSON();
+           }
 
-           var cache = {};
-           var padding = isArea ? 65 : 5;
-           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
-           var paddedExtent = [
-               [viewport[0][0] - padding, viewport[0][1] - padding],
-               [viewport[1][0] + padding, viewport[1][1] + padding]
-           ];
-           var clip = d3_geoIdentity().clipExtent(paddedExtent).stream;
-           var project = projection.stream;
-           var path = d3_geoPath()
-               .projection({stream: function(output) { return project(clip(output)); }});
-
-           var svgpath = function(entity) {
-               if (entity.id in cache) {
-                   return cache[entity.id];
-               } else {
-                   return cache[entity.id] = path(entity.asGeoJSON(graph));
-               }
-           };
+           if (node === undefined) return;
+           if (typeof node == 'number') return isFinite(node) ? '' + node : 'null';
+           if (_typeof(node) !== 'object') return JSON.stringify(node);
+           var i, out;
 
-           svgpath.geojson = function(d) {
-               if (d.__featurehash__ !== undefined) {
-                   if (d.__featurehash__ in cache) {
-                       return cache[d.__featurehash__];
-                   } else {
-                       return cache[d.__featurehash__] = path(d);
-                   }
-               } else {
-                   return path(d);
-               }
-           };
+           if (Array.isArray(node)) {
+             out = '[';
 
-           return svgpath;
-       }
+             for (i = 0; i < node.length; i++) {
+               if (i) out += ',';
+               out += stringify(node[i]) || 'null';
+             }
 
+             return out + ']';
+           }
 
-       function svgPointTransform(projection) {
-           var svgpoint = function(entity) {
-               // http://jsperf.com/short-array-join
-               var pt = projection(entity.loc);
-               return 'translate(' + pt[0] + ',' + pt[1] + ')';
-           };
+           if (node === null) return 'null';
 
-           svgpoint.geojson = function(d) {
-               return svgpoint(d.properties.entity);
-           };
+           if (seen.indexOf(node) !== -1) {
+             if (cycles) return JSON.stringify('__cycle__');
+             throw new TypeError('Converting circular structure to JSON');
+           }
 
-           return svgpoint;
-       }
+           var seenIndex = seen.push(node) - 1;
+           var keys = Object.keys(node).sort(cmp && cmp(node));
+           out = '';
 
+           for (i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
+             var key = keys[i];
+             var value = stringify(node[key]);
+             if (!value) continue;
+             if (out) out += ',';
+             out += JSON.stringify(key) + ':' + value;
+           }
 
-       function svgRelationMemberTags(graph) {
-           return function(entity) {
-               var tags = entity.tags;
-               var shouldCopyMultipolygonTags = !entity.hasInterestingTags();
-               graph.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function(relation) {
-                   var type = relation.tags.type;
-                   if ((type === 'multipolygon' && shouldCopyMultipolygonTags) || type === 'boundary') {
-                       tags = Object.assign({}, relation.tags, tags);
-                   }
-               });
-               return tags;
-           };
-       }
+           seen.splice(seenIndex, 1);
+           return '{' + out + '}';
+         }(data);
+       };
 
+       var $$1 = _export;
+       var $entries = objectToArray.entries;
 
-       function svgSegmentWay(way, graph, activeID) {
-           // When there is no activeID, we can memoize this expensive computation
-           if (activeID === undefined) {
-               return graph.transient(way, 'waySegments', getWaySegments);
-           } else {
-               return getWaySegments();
-           }
-
-           function getWaySegments() {
-               var isActiveWay = (way.nodes.indexOf(activeID) !== -1);
-               var features = { passive: [], active: [] };
-               var start = {};
-               var end = {};
-               var node, type;
-
-               for (var i = 0; i < way.nodes.length; i++) {
-                   node = graph.entity(way.nodes[i]);
-                   type = svgPassiveVertex(node, graph, activeID);
-                   end = { node: node, type: type };
-
-                   if (start.type !== undefined) {
-                       if (start.node.id === activeID || end.node.id === activeID) ; else if (isActiveWay && (start.type === 2 || end.type === 2)) {   // one adjacent vertex
-                           pushActive(start, end, i);
-                       } else if (start.type === 0 && end.type === 0) {   // both active vertices
-                           pushActive(start, end, i);
-                       } else {
-                           pushPassive(start, end, i);
-                       }
-                   }
+       // `Object.entries` method
+       // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-object.entries
+       $$1({ target: 'Object', stat: true }, {
+         entries: function entries(O) {
+           return $entries(O);
+         }
+       });
 
-                   start = end;
-               }
+       var _marked = /*#__PURE__*/regeneratorRuntime.mark(gpxGen),
+           _marked3 = /*#__PURE__*/regeneratorRuntime.mark(kmlGen);
 
-               return features;
+       // cast array x into numbers
+       // get the content of a text node, if any
+       function nodeVal(x) {
+         if (x && x.normalize) {
+           x.normalize();
+         }
 
-               function pushActive(start, end, index) {
-                   features.active.push({
-                       type: 'Feature',
-                       id: way.id + '-' + index + '-nope',
-                       properties: {
-                           nope: true,
-                           target: true,
-                           entity: way,
-                           nodes: [start.node, end.node],
-                           index: index
-                       },
-                       geometry: {
-                           type: 'LineString',
-                           coordinates: [start.node.loc, end.node.loc]
-                       }
-                   });
-               }
+         return x && x.textContent || "";
+       } // one Y child of X, if any, otherwise null
 
-               function pushPassive(start, end, index) {
-                   features.passive.push({
-                       type: 'Feature',
-                       id: way.id + '-' + index,
-                       properties: {
-                           target: true,
-                           entity: way,
-                           nodes: [start.node, end.node],
-                           index: index
-                       },
-                       geometry: {
-                           type: 'LineString',
-                           coordinates: [start.node.loc, end.node.loc]
-                       }
-                   });
-               }
-           }
-       }
 
-       function svgTagClasses() {
-           var primaries = [
-               'building', 'highway', 'railway', 'waterway', 'aeroway', 'aerialway',
-               'piste:type', 'boundary', 'power', 'amenity', 'natural', 'landuse',
-               'leisure', 'military', 'place', 'man_made', 'route', 'attraction',
-               'building:part', 'indoor'
-           ];
-           var statuses = [
-               // nonexistent, might be built
-               'proposed', 'planned',
-               // under maintentance or between groundbreaking and opening
-               'construction',
-               // existent but not functional
-               'disused',
-               // dilapidated to nonexistent
-               'abandoned',
-               // nonexistent, still may appear in imagery
-               'dismantled', 'razed', 'demolished', 'obliterated',
-               // existent occasionally, e.g. stormwater drainage basin
-               'intermittent'
-           ];
-           var secondaries = [
-               'oneway', 'bridge', 'tunnel', 'embankment', 'cutting', 'barrier',
-               'surface', 'tracktype', 'footway', 'crossing', 'service', 'sport',
-               'public_transport', 'location', 'parking', 'golf', 'type', 'leisure',
-               'man_made', 'indoor'
-           ];
-           var _tags = function(entity) { return entity.tags; };
+       function get1(x, y) {
+         var n = x.getElementsByTagName(y);
+         return n.length ? n[0] : null;
+       }
 
+       function getLineStyle(extensions) {
+         var style = {};
 
-           var tagClasses = function(selection) {
-               selection.each(function tagClassesEach(entity) {
-                   var value = this.className;
+         if (extensions) {
+           var lineStyle = get1(extensions, "line");
 
-                   if (value.baseVal !== undefined) {
-                       value = value.baseVal;
-                   }
+           if (lineStyle) {
+             var color = nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, "color")),
+                 opacity = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, "opacity"))),
+                 width = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, "width")));
+             if (color) style.stroke = color;
+             if (!isNaN(opacity)) style["stroke-opacity"] = opacity; // GPX width is in mm, convert to px with 96 px per inch
 
-                   var t = _tags(entity);
+             if (!isNaN(width)) style["stroke-width"] = width * 96 / 25.4;
+           }
+         }
 
-                   var computed = tagClasses.getClassesString(t, value);
+         return style;
+       } // get the contents of multiple text nodes, if present
 
-                   if (computed !== value) {
-                       select(this).attr('class', computed);
-                   }
-               });
-           };
 
+       function getMulti(x, ys) {
+         var o = {};
+         var n;
+         var k;
 
-           tagClasses.getClassesString = function(t, value) {
-               var primary, status;
-               var i, j, k, v;
+         for (k = 0; k < ys.length; k++) {
+           n = get1(x, ys[k]);
+           if (n) o[ys[k]] = nodeVal(n);
+         }
 
-               // in some situations we want to render perimeter strokes a certain way
-               var overrideGeometry;
-               if (/\bstroke\b/.test(value)) {
-                   if (!!t.barrier && t.barrier !== 'no') {
-                       overrideGeometry = 'line';
-                   }
-               }
+         return o;
+       }
 
-               // preserve base classes (nothing with `tag-`)
-               var classes = value.trim().split(/\s+/)
-                   .filter(function(klass) {
-                       return klass.length && !/^tag-/.test(klass);
-                   })
-                   .map(function(klass) {  // special overrides for some perimeter strokes
-                       return (klass === 'line' || klass === 'area') ? (overrideGeometry || klass) : klass;
-                   });
+       function getProperties$1(node) {
+         var prop = getMulti(node, ["name", "cmt", "desc", "type", "time", "keywords"]); // Parse additional data from our Garmin extension(s)
 
-               // pick at most one primary classification tag..
-               for (i = 0; i < primaries.length; i++) {
-                   k = primaries[i];
-                   v = t[k];
-                   if (!v || v === 'no') continue;
+         var extensions = node.getElementsByTagNameNS("http://www.garmin.com/xmlschemas/GpxExtensions/v3", "*");
 
-                   if (k === 'piste:type') {  // avoid a ':' in the class name
-                       k = 'piste';
-                   } else if (k === 'building:part') {  // avoid a ':' in the class name
-                       k = 'building_part';
-                   }
+         for (var i = 0; i < extensions.length; i++) {
+           var extension = extensions[i]; // Ignore nested extensions, like those on routepoints or trackpoints
 
-                   primary = k;
-                   if (statuses.indexOf(v) !== -1) {   // e.g. `railway=abandoned`
-                       status = v;
-                       classes.push('tag-' + k);
-                   } else {
-                       classes.push('tag-' + k);
-                       classes.push('tag-' + k + '-' + v);
-                   }
+           if (extension.parentNode.parentNode === node) {
+             prop[extension.tagName.replace(":", "_")] = nodeVal(extension);
+           }
+         }
 
-                   break;
-               }
+         var links = node.getElementsByTagName("link");
+         if (links.length) prop.links = [];
 
-               if (!primary) {
-                   for (i = 0; i < statuses.length; i++) {
-                       for (j = 0; j < primaries.length; j++) {
-                           k = statuses[i] + ':' + primaries[j];  // e.g. `demolished:building=yes`
-                           v = t[k];
-                           if (!v || v === 'no') continue;
+         for (var _i = 0; _i < links.length; _i++) {
+           prop.links.push(Object.assign({
+             href: links[_i].getAttribute("href")
+           }, getMulti(links[_i], ["text", "type"])));
+         }
 
-                           status = statuses[i];
-                           break;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+         return prop;
+       }
 
-               // add at most one status tag, only if relates to primary tag..
-               if (!status) {
-                   for (i = 0; i < statuses.length; i++) {
-                       k = statuses[i];
-                       v = t[k];
-                       if (!v || v === 'no') continue;
+       function coordPair$1(x) {
+         var ll = [parseFloat(x.getAttribute("lon")), parseFloat(x.getAttribute("lat"))];
+         var ele = get1(x, "ele"); // handle namespaced attribute in browser
 
-                       if (v === 'yes') {   // e.g. `railway=rail + abandoned=yes`
-                           status = k;
-                       }
-                       else if (primary && primary === v) {  // e.g. `railway=rail + abandoned=railway`
-                           status = k;
-                       } else if (!primary && primaries.indexOf(v) !== -1) {  // e.g. `abandoned=railway`
-                           status = k;
-                           primary = v;
-                           classes.push('tag-' + v);
-                       }  // else ignore e.g.  `highway=path + abandoned=railway`
-
-                       if (status) break;
-                   }
-               }
+         var heart = get1(x, "gpxtpx:hr") || get1(x, "hr");
+         var time = get1(x, "time");
+         var e;
 
-               if (status) {
-                   classes.push('tag-status');
-                   classes.push('tag-status-' + status);
-               }
+         if (ele) {
+           e = parseFloat(nodeVal(ele));
 
-               // add any secondary tags
-               for (i = 0; i < secondaries.length; i++) {
-                   k = secondaries[i];
-                   v = t[k];
-                   if (!v || v === 'no' || k === primary) continue;
-                   classes.push('tag-' + k);
-                   classes.push('tag-' + k + '-' + v);
-               }
+           if (!isNaN(e)) {
+             ll.push(e);
+           }
+         }
 
-               // For highways, look for surface tagging..
-               if ((primary === 'highway' && !osmPathHighwayTagValues[t.highway]) || primary === 'aeroway') {
-                   var surface = t.highway === 'track' ? 'unpaved' : 'paved';
-                   for (k in t) {
-                       v = t[k];
-                       if (k in osmPavedTags) {
-                           surface = osmPavedTags[k][v] ? 'paved' : 'unpaved';
-                       }
-                       if (k in osmSemipavedTags && !!osmSemipavedTags[k][v]) {
-                           surface = 'semipaved';
-                       }
-                   }
-                   classes.push('tag-' + surface);
-               }
+         var result = {
+           coordinates: ll,
+           time: time ? nodeVal(time) : null,
+           extendedValues: []
+         };
 
-               // If this is a wikidata-tagged item, add a class for that..
-               if (t.wikidata || t['brand:wikidata']) {
-                   classes.push('tag-wikidata');
-               }
+         if (heart) {
+           result.extendedValues.push(["heart", parseFloat(nodeVal(heart))]);
+         }
 
-               return classes.join(' ').trim();
-           };
+         var extensions = get1(x, "extensions");
 
+         if (extensions !== null) {
+           for (var _i2 = 0, _arr = ["speed", "course", "hAcc", "vAcc"]; _i2 < _arr.length; _i2++) {
+             var name = _arr[_i2];
+             var v = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(extensions, name)));
 
-           tagClasses.tags = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
-               _tags = val;
-               return tagClasses;
-           };
+             if (!isNaN(v)) {
+               result.extendedValues.push([name, v]);
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-           return tagClasses;
+         return result;
        }
 
-       // Patterns only work in Firefox when set directly on element.
-       // (This is not a bug: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=750632)
-       var patterns = {
-           // tag - pattern name
-           // -or-
-           // tag - value - pattern name
-           // -or-
-           // tag - value - rules (optional tag-values, pattern name)
-           // (matches earlier rules first, so fallback should be last entry)
-           amenity: {
-               grave_yard: 'cemetery',
-               fountain: 'water_standing'
-           },
-           landuse: {
-               cemetery: [
-                   { religion: 'christian', pattern: 'cemetery_christian' },
-                   { religion: 'buddhist', pattern: 'cemetery_buddhist' },
-                   { religion: 'muslim', pattern: 'cemetery_muslim' },
-                   { religion: 'jewish', pattern: 'cemetery_jewish' },
-                   { pattern: 'cemetery' }
-               ],
-               construction: 'construction',
-               farmland: 'farmland',
-               farmyard: 'farmyard',
-               forest: [
-                   { leaf_type: 'broadleaved', pattern: 'forest_broadleaved' },
-                   { leaf_type: 'needleleaved', pattern: 'forest_needleleaved' },
-                   { leaf_type: 'leafless', pattern: 'forest_leafless' },
-                   { pattern: 'forest' } // same as 'leaf_type:mixed'
-               ],
-               grave_yard: 'cemetery',
-               grass: [
-                   { golf: 'green', pattern: 'golf_green' },
-                   { pattern: 'grass' },
-               ],
-               landfill: 'landfill',
-               meadow: 'meadow',
-               military: 'construction',
-               orchard: 'orchard',
-               quarry: 'quarry',
-               vineyard: 'vineyard'
-           },
-           natural: {
-               beach: 'beach',
-               grassland: 'grass',
-               sand: 'beach',
-               scrub: 'scrub',
-               water: [
-                   { water: 'pond', pattern: 'pond' },
-                   { water: 'reservoir', pattern: 'water_standing' },
-                   { pattern: 'waves' }
-               ],
-               wetland: [
-                   { wetland: 'marsh', pattern: 'wetland_marsh' },
-                   { wetland: 'swamp', pattern: 'wetland_swamp' },
-                   { wetland: 'bog', pattern: 'wetland_bog' },
-                   { wetland: 'reedbed', pattern: 'wetland_reedbed' },
-                   { pattern: 'wetland' }
-               ],
-               wood: [
-                   { leaf_type: 'broadleaved', pattern: 'forest_broadleaved' },
-                   { leaf_type: 'needleleaved', pattern: 'forest_needleleaved' },
-                   { leaf_type: 'leafless', pattern: 'forest_leafless' },
-                   { pattern: 'forest' } // same as 'leaf_type:mixed'
-               ]
-           },
-           traffic_calming: {
-               island: [
-                   { surface: 'grass', pattern: 'grass' },
-               ],
-               chicane: [
-                   { surface: 'grass', pattern: 'grass' },
-               ],
-               choker: [
-                   { surface: 'grass', pattern: 'grass' },
-               ]
+       function getRoute(node) {
+         var line = getPoints$1(node, "rtept");
+         if (!line) return;
+         return {
+           type: "Feature",
+           properties: Object.assign(getProperties$1(node), getLineStyle(get1(node, "extensions")), {
+             _gpxType: "rte"
+           }),
+           geometry: {
+             type: "LineString",
+             coordinates: line.line
            }
-       };
+         };
+       }
 
-       function svgTagPattern(tags) {
-           // Skip pattern filling if this is a building (buildings don't get patterns applied)
-           if (tags.building && tags.building !== 'no') {
-               return null;
-           }
+       function getPoints$1(node, pointname) {
+         var pts = node.getElementsByTagName(pointname);
+         if (pts.length < 2) return; // Invalid line in GeoJSON
 
-           for (var tag in patterns) {
-               var entityValue = tags[tag];
-               if (!entityValue) continue;
+         var line = [];
+         var times = [];
+         var extendedValues = {};
 
-               if (typeof patterns[tag] === 'string') { // extra short syntax (just tag) - pattern name
-                   return 'pattern-' + patterns[tag];
-               } else {
-                   var values = patterns[tag];
-                   for (var value in values) {
-                       if (entityValue !== value) continue;
+         for (var i = 0; i < pts.length; i++) {
+           var c = coordPair$1(pts[i]);
+           line.push(c.coordinates);
+           if (c.time) times.push(c.time);
 
-                       var rules = values[value];
-                       if (typeof rules === 'string') { // short syntax - pattern name
-                           return 'pattern-' + rules;
-                       }
+           for (var j = 0; j < c.extendedValues.length; j++) {
+             var _c$extendedValues$j = _slicedToArray(c.extendedValues[j], 2),
+                 name = _c$extendedValues$j[0],
+                 val = _c$extendedValues$j[1];
 
-                       // long syntax - rule array
-                       for (var ruleKey in rules) {
-                           var rule = rules[ruleKey];
-
-                           var pass = true;
-                           for (var criterion in rule) {
-                               if (criterion !== 'pattern') { // reserved for pattern name
-                                   // The only rule is a required tag-value pair
-                                   var v = tags[criterion];
-                                   if (!v || v !== rule[criterion]) {
-                                       pass = false;
-                                       break;
-                                   }
-                               }
-                           }
+             var plural = name === "heart" ? name : name + "s";
 
-                           if (pass) {
-                               return 'pattern-' + rule.pattern;
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+             if (!extendedValues[plural]) {
+               extendedValues[plural] = Array(pts.length).fill(null);
+             }
+
+             extendedValues[plural][i] = val;
            }
+         }
 
-           return null;
+         return {
+           line: line,
+           times: times,
+           extendedValues: extendedValues
+         };
        }
 
-       function svgAreas(projection, context) {
+       function getTrack(node) {
+         var segments = node.getElementsByTagName("trkseg");
+         var track = [];
+         var times = [];
+         var extractedLines = [];
 
+         for (var i = 0; i < segments.length; i++) {
+           var line = getPoints$1(segments[i], "trkpt");
 
-           function getPatternStyle(tags) {
-               var imageID = svgTagPattern(tags);
-               if (imageID) {
-                   return 'url("#ideditor-' + imageID + '")';
-               }
-               return '';
+           if (line) {
+             extractedLines.push(line);
+             if (line.times && line.times.length) times.push(line.times);
            }
+         }
 
+         if (extractedLines.length === 0) return;
+         var multi = extractedLines.length > 1;
+         var properties = Object.assign(getProperties$1(node), getLineStyle(get1(node, "extensions")), {
+           _gpxType: "trk"
+         }, times.length ? {
+           coordinateProperties: {
+             times: multi ? times : times[0]
+           }
+         } : {});
 
-           function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
-               var targetClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-               var nopeClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'red ' : 'nocolor ';
-               var getPath = svgPath(projection).geojson;
-               var activeID = context.activeID();
-               var base = context.history().base();
-
-               // The targets and nopes will be MultiLineString sub-segments of the ways
-               var data = { targets: [], nopes: [] };
+         for (var _i3 = 0; _i3 < extractedLines.length; _i3++) {
+           var _line = extractedLines[_i3];
+           track.push(_line.line);
 
-               entities.forEach(function(way) {
-                   var features = svgSegmentWay(way, graph, activeID);
-                   data.targets.push.apply(data.targets, features.passive);
-                   data.nopes.push.apply(data.nopes, features.active);
-               });
+           for (var _i4 = 0, _Object$entries = Object.entries(_line.extendedValues); _i4 < _Object$entries.length; _i4++) {
+             var _Object$entries$_i = _slicedToArray(_Object$entries[_i4], 2),
+                 name = _Object$entries$_i[0],
+                 val = _Object$entries$_i[1];
 
+             var props = properties;
 
-               // Targets allow hover and vertex snapping
-               var targetData = data.targets.filter(getPath);
-               var targets = selection.selectAll('.area.target-allowed')
-                   .filter(function(d) { return filter(d.properties.entity); })
-                   .data(targetData, function key(d) { return d.id; });
+             if (name === "heart") {
+               if (!properties.coordinateProperties) {
+                 properties.coordinateProperties = {};
+               }
 
-               // exit
-               targets.exit()
-                   .remove();
+               props = properties.coordinateProperties;
+             }
 
-               var segmentWasEdited = function(d) {
-                   var wayID = d.properties.entity.id;
-                   // if the whole line was edited, don't draw segment changes
-                   if (!base.entities[wayID] ||
-                       !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[wayID].nodes, base.entities[wayID].nodes)) {
-                       return false;
-                   }
-                   return d.properties.nodes.some(function(n) {
-                       return !base.entities[n.id] ||
-                              !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[n.id].loc, base.entities[n.id].loc);
-                   });
-               };
+             if (multi) {
+               if (!props[name]) props[name] = extractedLines.map(function (line) {
+                 return new Array(line.line.length).fill(null);
+               });
+               props[name][_i3] = val;
+             } else {
+               props[name] = val;
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-               // enter/update
-               targets.enter()
-                   .append('path')
-                   .merge(targets)
-                   .attr('d', getPath)
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'way area target target-allowed ' + targetClass + d.id; })
-                   .classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited);
-
-
-               // NOPE
-               var nopeData = data.nopes.filter(getPath);
-               var nopes = selection.selectAll('.area.target-nope')
-                   .filter(function(d) { return filter(d.properties.entity); })
-                   .data(nopeData, function key(d) { return d.id; });
-
-               // exit
-               nopes.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter/update
-               nopes.enter()
-                   .append('path')
-                   .merge(nopes)
-                   .attr('d', getPath)
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'way area target target-nope ' + nopeClass + d.id; })
-                   .classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited);
-           }
-
-
-           function drawAreas(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
-               var path = svgPath(projection, graph, true);
-               var areas = {};
-               var multipolygon;
-               var base = context.history().base();
-
-               for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-                   var entity = entities[i];
-                   if (entity.geometry(graph) !== 'area') continue;
-
-                   multipolygon = osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph);
-                   if (multipolygon) {
-                       areas[multipolygon.id] = {
-                           entity: multipolygon.mergeTags(entity.tags),
-                           area: Math.abs(entity.area(graph))
-                       };
-                   } else if (!areas[entity.id]) {
-                       areas[entity.id] = {
-                           entity: entity,
-                           area: Math.abs(entity.area(graph))
-                       };
-                   }
-               }
+         return {
+           type: "Feature",
+           properties: properties,
+           geometry: multi ? {
+             type: "MultiLineString",
+             coordinates: track
+           } : {
+             type: "LineString",
+             coordinates: track[0]
+           }
+         };
+       }
 
-               var fills = Object.values(areas).filter(function hasPath(a) { return path(a.entity); });
-               fills.sort(function areaSort(a, b) { return b.area - a.area; });
-               fills = fills.map(function(a) { return a.entity; });
+       function getPoint(node) {
+         return {
+           type: "Feature",
+           properties: Object.assign(getProperties$1(node), getMulti(node, ["sym"])),
+           geometry: {
+             type: "Point",
+             coordinates: coordPair$1(node).coordinates
+           }
+         };
+       }
 
-               var strokes = fills.filter(function(area) { return area.type === 'way'; });
+       function gpxGen(doc) {
+         var tracks, routes, waypoints, i, feature, _i5, _feature, _i6;
 
-               var data = {
-                   clip: fills,
-                   shadow: strokes,
-                   stroke: strokes,
-                   fill: fills
-               };
+         return regeneratorRuntime.wrap(function gpxGen$(_context) {
+           while (1) {
+             switch (_context.prev = _context.next) {
+               case 0:
+                 tracks = doc.getElementsByTagName("trk");
+                 routes = doc.getElementsByTagName("rte");
+                 waypoints = doc.getElementsByTagName("wpt");
+                 i = 0;
 
-               var clipPaths = context.surface().selectAll('defs').selectAll('.clipPath-osm')
-                  .filter(filter)
-                  .data(data.clip, osmEntity.key);
+               case 4:
+                 if (!(i < tracks.length)) {
+                   _context.next = 12;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-               clipPaths.exit()
-                  .remove();
+                 feature = getTrack(tracks[i]);
 
-               var clipPathsEnter = clipPaths.enter()
-                  .append('clipPath')
-                  .attr('class', 'clipPath-osm')
-                  .attr('id', function(entity) { return 'ideditor-' + entity.id + '-clippath'; });
+                 if (!feature) {
+                   _context.next = 9;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-               clipPathsEnter
-                  .append('path');
+                 _context.next = 9;
+                 return feature;
 
-               clipPaths.merge(clipPathsEnter)
-                  .selectAll('path')
-                  .attr('d', path);
+               case 9:
+                 i++;
+                 _context.next = 4;
+                 break;
 
+               case 12:
+                 _i5 = 0;
 
-               var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.areas');
-               var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.areas');
+               case 13:
+                 if (!(_i5 < routes.length)) {
+                   _context.next = 21;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-               // Draw areas..
-               var areagroup = drawLayer
-                   .selectAll('g.areagroup')
-                   .data(['fill', 'shadow', 'stroke']);
+                 _feature = getRoute(routes[_i5]);
 
-               areagroup = areagroup.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'areagroup area-' + d; })
-                   .merge(areagroup);
+                 if (!_feature) {
+                   _context.next = 18;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-               var paths = areagroup
-                   .selectAll('path')
-                   .filter(filter)
-                   .data(function(layer) { return data[layer]; }, osmEntity.key);
+                 _context.next = 18;
+                 return _feature;
 
-               paths.exit()
-                   .remove();
+               case 18:
+                 _i5++;
+                 _context.next = 13;
+                 break;
 
+               case 21:
+                 _i6 = 0;
 
-               var fillpaths = selection.selectAll('.area-fill path.area').nodes();
-               var bisect = d3_bisector(function(node) { return -node.__data__.area(graph); }).left;
+               case 22:
+                 if (!(_i6 < waypoints.length)) {
+                   _context.next = 28;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
-               function sortedByArea(entity) {
-                   if (this._parent.__data__ === 'fill') {
-                       return fillpaths[bisect(fillpaths, -entity.area(graph))];
-                   }
-               }
+                 _context.next = 25;
+                 return getPoint(waypoints[_i6]);
 
-               paths = paths.enter()
-                   .insert('path', sortedByArea)
-                   .merge(paths)
-                   .each(function(entity) {
-                       var layer = this.parentNode.__data__;
-                       this.setAttribute('class', entity.type + ' area ' + layer + ' ' + entity.id);
+               case 25:
+                 _i6++;
+                 _context.next = 22;
+                 break;
 
-                       if (layer === 'fill') {
-                           this.setAttribute('clip-path', 'url(#ideditor-' + entity.id + '-clippath)');
-                           this.style.fill = this.style.stroke = getPatternStyle(entity.tags);
-                       }
-                   })
-                   .classed('added', function(d) {
-                       return !base.entities[d.id];
-                   })
-                   .classed('geometry-edited', function(d) {
-                       return graph.entities[d.id] &&
-                           base.entities[d.id] &&
-                           !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].nodes, base.entities[d.id].nodes);
-                   })
-                   .classed('retagged', function(d) {
-                       return graph.entities[d.id] &&
-                           base.entities[d.id] &&
-                           !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
-                   })
-                   .call(svgTagClasses())
-                   .attr('d', path);
-
-
-               // Draw touch targets..
-               touchLayer
-                   .call(drawTargets, graph, data.stroke, filter);
-           }
-
-           return drawAreas;
-       }
-
-       //[4]           NameStartChar      ::=          ":" | [A-Z] | "_" | [a-z] | [#xC0-#xD6] | [#xD8-#xF6] | [#xF8-#x2FF] | [#x370-#x37D] | [#x37F-#x1FFF] | [#x200C-#x200D] | [#x2070-#x218F] | [#x2C00-#x2FEF] | [#x3001-#xD7FF] | [#xF900-#xFDCF] | [#xFDF0-#xFFFD] | [#x10000-#xEFFFF]
-       //[4a]          NameChar           ::=          NameStartChar | "-" | "." | [0-9] | #xB7 | [#x0300-#x036F] | [#x203F-#x2040]
-       //[5]           Name       ::=          NameStartChar (NameChar)*
-       var nameStartChar = /[A-Z_a-z\xC0-\xD6\xD8-\xF6\u00F8-\u02FF\u0370-\u037D\u037F-\u1FFF\u200C-\u200D\u2070-\u218F\u2C00-\u2FEF\u3001-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFFD]/;//\u10000-\uEFFFF
-       var nameChar = new RegExp("[\\-\\.0-9"+nameStartChar.source.slice(1,-1)+"\\u00B7\\u0300-\\u036F\\u203F-\\u2040]");
-       var tagNamePattern = new RegExp('^'+nameStartChar.source+nameChar.source+'*(?:\:'+nameStartChar.source+nameChar.source+'*)?$');
-       //var tagNamePattern = /^[a-zA-Z_][\w\-\.]*(?:\:[a-zA-Z_][\w\-\.]*)?$/
-       //var handlers = 'resolveEntity,getExternalSubset,characters,endDocument,endElement,endPrefixMapping,ignorableWhitespace,processingInstruction,setDocumentLocator,skippedEntity,startDocument,startElement,startPrefixMapping,notationDecl,unparsedEntityDecl,error,fatalError,warning,attributeDecl,elementDecl,externalEntityDecl,internalEntityDecl,comment,endCDATA,endDTD,endEntity,startCDATA,startDTD,startEntity'.split(',')
-
-       //S_TAG,        S_ATTR, S_EQ,   S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE
-       //S_ATTR_SPACE, S_ATTR_END,     S_TAG_SPACE, S_TAG_CLOSE
-       var S_TAG = 0;//tag name offerring
-       var S_ATTR = 1;//attr name offerring 
-       var S_ATTR_SPACE=2;//attr name end and space offer
-       var S_EQ = 3;//=space?
-       var S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE = 4;//attr value(no quot value only)
-       var S_ATTR_END = 5;//attr value end and no space(quot end)
-       var S_TAG_SPACE = 6;//(attr value end || tag end ) && (space offer)
-       var S_TAG_CLOSE = 7;//closed el<el />
-
-       function XMLReader(){
-               
-       }
-
-       XMLReader.prototype = {
-               parse:function(source,defaultNSMap,entityMap){
-                       var domBuilder = this.domBuilder;
-                       domBuilder.startDocument();
-                       _copy(defaultNSMap ,defaultNSMap = {});
-                       parse(source,defaultNSMap,entityMap,
-                                       domBuilder,this.errorHandler);
-                       domBuilder.endDocument();
-               }
-       };
-       function parse(source,defaultNSMapCopy,entityMap,domBuilder,errorHandler){
-               function fixedFromCharCode(code) {
-                       // String.prototype.fromCharCode does not supports
-                       // > 2 bytes unicode chars directly
-                       if (code > 0xffff) {
-                               code -= 0x10000;
-                               var surrogate1 = 0xd800 + (code >> 10)
-                                       , surrogate2 = 0xdc00 + (code & 0x3ff);
-
-                               return String.fromCharCode(surrogate1, surrogate2);
-                       } else {
-                               return String.fromCharCode(code);
-                       }
-               }
-               function entityReplacer(a){
-                       var k = a.slice(1,-1);
-                       if(k in entityMap){
-                               return entityMap[k]; 
-                       }else if(k.charAt(0) === '#'){
-                               return fixedFromCharCode(parseInt(k.substr(1).replace('x','0x')))
-                       }else {
-                               errorHandler.error('entity not found:'+a);
-                               return a;
-                       }
-               }
-               function appendText(end){//has some bugs
-                       if(end>start){
-                               var xt = source.substring(start,end).replace(/&#?\w+;/g,entityReplacer);
-                               locator&&position(start);
-                               domBuilder.characters(xt,0,end-start);
-                               start = end;
-                       }
-               }
-               function position(p,m){
-                       while(p>=lineEnd && (m = linePattern.exec(source))){
-                               lineStart = m.index;
-                               lineEnd = lineStart + m[0].length;
-                               locator.lineNumber++;
-                               //console.log('line++:',locator,startPos,endPos)
-                       }
-                       locator.columnNumber = p-lineStart+1;
-               }
-               var lineStart = 0;
-               var lineEnd = 0;
-               var linePattern = /.*(?:\r\n?|\n)|.*$/g;
-               var locator = domBuilder.locator;
-               
-               var parseStack = [{currentNSMap:defaultNSMapCopy}];
-               var closeMap = {};
-               var start = 0;
-               while(true){
-                       try{
-                               var tagStart = source.indexOf('<',start);
-                               if(tagStart<0){
-                                       if(!source.substr(start).match(/^\s*$/)){
-                                               var doc = domBuilder.doc;
-                                       var text = doc.createTextNode(source.substr(start));
-                                       doc.appendChild(text);
-                                       domBuilder.currentElement = text;
-                                       }
-                                       return;
-                               }
-                               if(tagStart>start){
-                                       appendText(tagStart);
-                               }
-                               switch(source.charAt(tagStart+1)){
-                               case '/':
-                                       var end = source.indexOf('>',tagStart+3);
-                                       var tagName = source.substring(tagStart+2,end);
-                                       var config = parseStack.pop();
-                                       if(end<0){
-                                               
-                                       tagName = source.substring(tagStart+2).replace(/[\s<].*/,'');
-                                       //console.error('#@@@@@@'+tagName)
-                                       errorHandler.error("end tag name: "+tagName+' is not complete:'+config.tagName);
-                                       end = tagStart+1+tagName.length;
-                               }else if(tagName.match(/\s</)){
-                                       tagName = tagName.replace(/[\s<].*/,'');
-                                       errorHandler.error("end tag name: "+tagName+' maybe not complete');
-                                       end = tagStart+1+tagName.length;
-                                       }
-                                       //console.error(parseStack.length,parseStack)
-                                       //console.error(config);
-                                       var localNSMap = config.localNSMap;
-                                       var endMatch = config.tagName == tagName;
-                                       var endIgnoreCaseMach = endMatch || config.tagName&&config.tagName.toLowerCase() == tagName.toLowerCase();
-                               if(endIgnoreCaseMach){
-                                       domBuilder.endElement(config.uri,config.localName,tagName);
-                                               if(localNSMap){
-                                                       for(var prefix in localNSMap){
-                                                               domBuilder.endPrefixMapping(prefix) ;
-                                                       }
-                                               }
-                                               if(!endMatch){
-                                       errorHandler.fatalError("end tag name: "+tagName+' is not match the current start tagName:'+config.tagName );
-                                               }
-                               }else {
-                                       parseStack.push(config);
-                               }
-                                       
-                                       end++;
-                                       break;
-                                       // end elment
-                               case '?':// <?...?>
-                                       locator&&position(tagStart);
-                                       end = parseInstruction(source,tagStart,domBuilder);
-                                       break;
-                               case '!':// <!doctype,<![CDATA,<!--
-                                       locator&&position(tagStart);
-                                       end = parseDCC(source,tagStart,domBuilder,errorHandler);
-                                       break;
-                               default:
-                                       locator&&position(tagStart);
-                                       var el = new ElementAttributes();
-                                       var currentNSMap = parseStack[parseStack.length-1].currentNSMap;
-                                       //elStartEnd
-                                       var end = parseElementStartPart(source,tagStart,el,currentNSMap,entityReplacer,errorHandler);
-                                       var len = el.length;
-                                       
-                                       
-                                       if(!el.closed && fixSelfClosed(source,end,el.tagName,closeMap)){
-                                               el.closed = true;
-                                               if(!entityMap.nbsp){
-                                                       errorHandler.warning('unclosed xml attribute');
-                                               }
-                                       }
-                                       if(locator && len){
-                                               var locator2 = copyLocator(locator,{});
-                                               //try{//attribute position fixed
-                                               for(var i = 0;i<len;i++){
-                                                       var a = el[i];
-                                                       position(a.offset);
-                                                       a.locator = copyLocator(locator,{});
-                                               }
-                                               //}catch(e){console.error('@@@@@'+e)}
-                                               domBuilder.locator = locator2;
-                                               if(appendElement(el,domBuilder,currentNSMap)){
-                                                       parseStack.push(el);
-                                               }
-                                               domBuilder.locator = locator;
-                                       }else {
-                                               if(appendElement(el,domBuilder,currentNSMap)){
-                                                       parseStack.push(el);
-                                               }
-                                       }
-                                       
-                                       
-                                       
-                                       if(el.uri === 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml' && !el.closed){
-                                               end = parseHtmlSpecialContent(source,end,el.tagName,entityReplacer,domBuilder);
-                                       }else {
-                                               end++;
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }catch(e){
-                               errorHandler.error('element parse error: '+e);
-                               //errorHandler.error('element parse error: '+e);
-                               end = -1;
-                               //throw e;
-                       }
-                       if(end>start){
-                               start = end;
-                       }else {
-                               //TODO: 这里有可能sax回退,有位置错误风险
-                               appendText(Math.max(tagStart,start)+1);
-                       }
-               }
-       }
-       function copyLocator(f,t){
-               t.lineNumber = f.lineNumber;
-               t.columnNumber = f.columnNumber;
-               return t;
+               case 28:
+               case "end":
+                 return _context.stop();
+             }
+           }
+         }, _marked);
        }
 
-       /**
-        * @see #appendElement(source,elStartEnd,el,selfClosed,entityReplacer,domBuilder,parseStack);
-        * @return end of the elementStartPart(end of elementEndPart for selfClosed el)
-        */
-       function parseElementStartPart(source,start,el,currentNSMap,entityReplacer,errorHandler){
-               var attrName;
-               var value;
-               var p = ++start;
-               var s = S_TAG;//status
-               while(true){
-                       var c = source.charAt(p);
-                       switch(c){
-                       case '=':
-                               if(s === S_ATTR){//attrName
-                                       attrName = source.slice(start,p);
-                                       s = S_EQ;
-                               }else if(s === S_ATTR_SPACE){
-                                       s = S_EQ;
-                               }else {
-                                       //fatalError: equal must after attrName or space after attrName
-                                       throw new Error('attribute equal must after attrName');
-                               }
-                               break;
-                       case '\'':
-                       case '"':
-                               if(s === S_EQ || s === S_ATTR //|| s == S_ATTR_SPACE
-                                       ){//equal
-                                       if(s === S_ATTR){
-                                               errorHandler.warning('attribute value must after "="');
-                                               attrName = source.slice(start,p);
-                                       }
-                                       start = p+1;
-                                       p = source.indexOf(c,start);
-                                       if(p>0){
-                                               value = source.slice(start,p).replace(/&#?\w+;/g,entityReplacer);
-                                               el.add(attrName,value,start-1);
-                                               s = S_ATTR_END;
-                                       }else {
-                                               //fatalError: no end quot match
-                                               throw new Error('attribute value no end \''+c+'\' match');
-                                       }
-                               }else if(s == S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE){
-                                       value = source.slice(start,p).replace(/&#?\w+;/g,entityReplacer);
-                                       //console.log(attrName,value,start,p)
-                                       el.add(attrName,value,start);
-                                       //console.dir(el)
-                                       errorHandler.warning('attribute "'+attrName+'" missed start quot('+c+')!!');
-                                       start = p+1;
-                                       s = S_ATTR_END;
-                               }else {
-                                       //fatalError: no equal before
-                                       throw new Error('attribute value must after "="');
-                               }
-                               break;
-                       case '/':
-                               switch(s){
-                               case S_TAG:
-                                       el.setTagName(source.slice(start,p));
-                               case S_ATTR_END:
-                               case S_TAG_SPACE:
-                               case S_TAG_CLOSE:
-                                       s =S_TAG_CLOSE;
-                                       el.closed = true;
-                               case S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE:
-                               case S_ATTR:
-                               case S_ATTR_SPACE:
-                                       break;
-                               //case S_EQ:
-                               default:
-                                       throw new Error("attribute invalid close char('/')")
-                               }
-                               break;
-                       case ''://end document
-                               //throw new Error('unexpected end of input')
-                               errorHandler.error('unexpected end of input');
-                               if(s == S_TAG){
-                                       el.setTagName(source.slice(start,p));
-                               }
-                               return p;
-                       case '>':
-                               switch(s){
-                               case S_TAG:
-                                       el.setTagName(source.slice(start,p));
-                               case S_ATTR_END:
-                               case S_TAG_SPACE:
-                               case S_TAG_CLOSE:
-                                       break;//normal
-                               case S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE://Compatible state
-                               case S_ATTR:
-                                       value = source.slice(start,p);
-                                       if(value.slice(-1) === '/'){
-                                               el.closed  = true;
-                                               value = value.slice(0,-1);
-                                       }
-                               case S_ATTR_SPACE:
-                                       if(s === S_ATTR_SPACE){
-                                               value = attrName;
-                                       }
-                                       if(s == S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE){
-                                               errorHandler.warning('attribute "'+value+'" missed quot(")!!');
-                                               el.add(attrName,value.replace(/&#?\w+;/g,entityReplacer),start);
-                                       }else {
-                                               if(currentNSMap[''] !== 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml' || !value.match(/^(?:disabled|checked|selected)$/i)){
-                                                       errorHandler.warning('attribute "'+value+'" missed value!! "'+value+'" instead!!');
-                                               }
-                                               el.add(value,value,start);
-                                       }
-                                       break;
-                               case S_EQ:
-                                       throw new Error('attribute value missed!!');
-                               }
-       //                      console.log(tagName,tagNamePattern,tagNamePattern.test(tagName))
-                               return p;
-                       /*xml space '\x20' | #x9 | #xD | #xA; */
-                       case '\u0080':
-                               c = ' ';
-                       default:
-                               if(c<= ' '){//space
-                                       switch(s){
-                                       case S_TAG:
-                                               el.setTagName(source.slice(start,p));//tagName
-                                               s = S_TAG_SPACE;
-                                               break;
-                                       case S_ATTR:
-                                               attrName = source.slice(start,p);
-                                               s = S_ATTR_SPACE;
-                                               break;
-                                       case S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE:
-                                               var value = source.slice(start,p).replace(/&#?\w+;/g,entityReplacer);
-                                               errorHandler.warning('attribute "'+value+'" missed quot(")!!');
-                                               el.add(attrName,value,start);
-                                       case S_ATTR_END:
-                                               s = S_TAG_SPACE;
-                                               break;
-                                       //case S_TAG_SPACE:
-                                       //case S_EQ:
-                                       //case S_ATTR_SPACE:
-                                       //      void();break;
-                                       //case S_TAG_CLOSE:
-                                               //ignore warning
-                                       }
-                               }else {//not space
-       //S_TAG,        S_ATTR, S_EQ,   S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE
-       //S_ATTR_SPACE, S_ATTR_END,     S_TAG_SPACE, S_TAG_CLOSE
-                                       switch(s){
-                                       //case S_TAG:void();break;
-                                       //case S_ATTR:void();break;
-                                       //case S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE:void();break;
-                                       case S_ATTR_SPACE:
-                                               var tagName =  el.tagName;
-                                               if(currentNSMap[''] !== 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml' || !attrName.match(/^(?:disabled|checked|selected)$/i)){
-                                                       errorHandler.warning('attribute "'+attrName+'" missed value!! "'+attrName+'" instead2!!');
-                                               }
-                                               el.add(attrName,attrName,start);
-                                               start = p;
-                                               s = S_ATTR;
-                                               break;
-                                       case S_ATTR_END:
-                                               errorHandler.warning('attribute space is required"'+attrName+'"!!');
-                                       case S_TAG_SPACE:
-                                               s = S_ATTR;
-                                               start = p;
-                                               break;
-                                       case S_EQ:
-                                               s = S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE;
-                                               start = p;
-                                               break;
-                                       case S_TAG_CLOSE:
-                                               throw new Error("elements closed character '/' and '>' must be connected to");
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }//end outer switch
-                       //console.log('p++',p)
-                       p++;
-               }
-       }
-       /**
-        * @return true if has new namespace define
-        */
-       function appendElement(el,domBuilder,currentNSMap){
-               var tagName = el.tagName;
-               var localNSMap = null;
-               //var currentNSMap = parseStack[parseStack.length-1].currentNSMap;
-               var i = el.length;
-               while(i--){
-                       var a = el[i];
-                       var qName = a.qName;
-                       var value = a.value;
-                       var nsp = qName.indexOf(':');
-                       if(nsp>0){
-                               var prefix = a.prefix = qName.slice(0,nsp);
-                               var localName = qName.slice(nsp+1);
-                               var nsPrefix = prefix === 'xmlns' && localName;
-                       }else {
-                               localName = qName;
-                               prefix = null;
-                               nsPrefix = qName === 'xmlns' && '';
-                       }
-                       //can not set prefix,because prefix !== ''
-                       a.localName = localName ;
-                       //prefix == null for no ns prefix attribute 
-                       if(nsPrefix !== false){//hack!!
-                               if(localNSMap == null){
-                                       localNSMap = {};
-                                       //console.log(currentNSMap,0)
-                                       _copy(currentNSMap,currentNSMap={});
-                                       //console.log(currentNSMap,1)
-                               }
-                               currentNSMap[nsPrefix] = localNSMap[nsPrefix] = value;
-                               a.uri = 'http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/';
-                               domBuilder.startPrefixMapping(nsPrefix, value); 
-                       }
-               }
-               var i = el.length;
-               while(i--){
-                       a = el[i];
-                       var prefix = a.prefix;
-                       if(prefix){//no prefix attribute has no namespace
-                               if(prefix === 'xml'){
-                                       a.uri = 'http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace';
-                               }if(prefix !== 'xmlns'){
-                                       a.uri = currentNSMap[prefix || ''];
-                                       
-                                       //{console.log('###'+a.qName,domBuilder.locator.systemId+'',currentNSMap,a.uri)}
-                               }
-                       }
-               }
-               var nsp = tagName.indexOf(':');
-               if(nsp>0){
-                       prefix = el.prefix = tagName.slice(0,nsp);
-                       localName = el.localName = tagName.slice(nsp+1);
-               }else {
-                       prefix = null;//important!!
-                       localName = el.localName = tagName;
-               }
-               //no prefix element has default namespace
-               var ns = el.uri = currentNSMap[prefix || ''];
-               domBuilder.startElement(ns,localName,tagName,el);
-               //endPrefixMapping and startPrefixMapping have not any help for dom builder
-               //localNSMap = null
-               if(el.closed){
-                       domBuilder.endElement(ns,localName,tagName);
-                       if(localNSMap){
-                               for(prefix in localNSMap){
-                                       domBuilder.endPrefixMapping(prefix); 
-                               }
-                       }
-               }else {
-                       el.currentNSMap = currentNSMap;
-                       el.localNSMap = localNSMap;
-                       //parseStack.push(el);
-                       return true;
-               }
-       }
-       function parseHtmlSpecialContent(source,elStartEnd,tagName,entityReplacer,domBuilder){
-               if(/^(?:script|textarea)$/i.test(tagName)){
-                       var elEndStart =  source.indexOf('</'+tagName+'>',elStartEnd);
-                       var text = source.substring(elStartEnd+1,elEndStart);
-                       if(/[&<]/.test(text)){
-                               if(/^script$/i.test(tagName)){
-                                       //if(!/\]\]>/.test(text)){
-                                               //lexHandler.startCDATA();
-                                               domBuilder.characters(text,0,text.length);
-                                               //lexHandler.endCDATA();
-                                               return elEndStart;
-                                       //}
-                               }//}else{//text area
-                                       text = text.replace(/&#?\w+;/g,entityReplacer);
-                                       domBuilder.characters(text,0,text.length);
-                                       return elEndStart;
-                               //}
-                               
-                       }
-               }
-               return elStartEnd+1;
-       }
-       function fixSelfClosed(source,elStartEnd,tagName,closeMap){
-               //if(tagName in closeMap){
-               var pos = closeMap[tagName];
-               if(pos == null){
-                       //console.log(tagName)
-                       pos =  source.lastIndexOf('</'+tagName+'>');
-                       if(pos<elStartEnd){//忘记闭合
-                               pos = source.lastIndexOf('</'+tagName);
-                       }
-                       closeMap[tagName] =pos;
-               }
-               return pos<elStartEnd;
-               //} 
-       }
-       function _copy(source,target){
-               for(var n in source){target[n] = source[n];}
-       }
-       function parseDCC(source,start,domBuilder,errorHandler){//sure start with '<!'
-               var next= source.charAt(start+2);
-               switch(next){
-               case '-':
-                       if(source.charAt(start + 3) === '-'){
-                               var end = source.indexOf('-->',start+4);
-                               //append comment source.substring(4,end)//<!--
-                               if(end>start){
-                                       domBuilder.comment(source,start+4,end-start-4);
-                                       return end+3;
-                               }else {
-                                       errorHandler.error("Unclosed comment");
-                                       return -1;
-                               }
-                       }else {
-                               //error
-                               return -1;
-                       }
-               default:
-                       if(source.substr(start+3,6) == 'CDATA['){
-                               var end = source.indexOf(']]>',start+9);
-                               domBuilder.startCDATA();
-                               domBuilder.characters(source,start+9,end-start-9);
-                               domBuilder.endCDATA(); 
-                               return end+3;
-                       }
-                       //<!DOCTYPE
-                       //startDTD(java.lang.String name, java.lang.String publicId, java.lang.String systemId) 
-                       var matchs = split(source,start);
-                       var len = matchs.length;
-                       if(len>1 && /!doctype/i.test(matchs[0][0])){
-                               var name = matchs[1][0];
-                               var pubid = len>3 && /^public$/i.test(matchs[2][0]) && matchs[3][0];
-                               var sysid = len>4 && matchs[4][0];
-                               var lastMatch = matchs[len-1];
-                               domBuilder.startDTD(name,pubid && pubid.replace(/^(['"])(.*?)\1$/,'$2'),
-                                               sysid && sysid.replace(/^(['"])(.*?)\1$/,'$2'));
-                               domBuilder.endDTD();
-                               
-                               return lastMatch.index+lastMatch[0].length
-                       }
-               }
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-
-
-       function parseInstruction(source,start,domBuilder){
-               var end = source.indexOf('?>',start);
-               if(end){
-                       var match = source.substring(start,end).match(/^<\?(\S*)\s*([\s\S]*?)\s*$/);
-                       if(match){
-                               var len = match[0].length;
-                               domBuilder.processingInstruction(match[1], match[2]) ;
-                               return end+2;
-                       }else {//error
-                               return -1;
-                       }
-               }
-               return -1;
+       function gpx(doc) {
+         return {
+           type: "FeatureCollection",
+           features: Array.from(gpxGen(doc))
+         };
        }
 
-       /**
-        * @param source
-        */
-       function ElementAttributes(source){
-               
-       }
-       ElementAttributes.prototype = {
-               setTagName:function(tagName){
-                       if(!tagNamePattern.test(tagName)){
-                               throw new Error('invalid tagName:'+tagName)
-                       }
-                       this.tagName = tagName;
-               },
-               add:function(qName,value,offset){
-                       if(!tagNamePattern.test(qName)){
-                               throw new Error('invalid attribute:'+qName)
-                       }
-                       this[this.length++] = {qName:qName,value:value,offset:offset};
-               },
-               length:0,
-               getLocalName:function(i){return this[i].localName},
-               getLocator:function(i){return this[i].locator},
-               getQName:function(i){return this[i].qName},
-               getURI:function(i){return this[i].uri},
-               getValue:function(i){return this[i].value}
-       //      ,getIndex:function(uri, localName)){
-       //              if(localName){
-       //                      
-       //              }else{
-       //                      var qName = uri
-       //              }
-       //      },
-       //      getValue:function(){return this.getValue(this.getIndex.apply(this,arguments))},
-       //      getType:function(uri,localName){}
-       //      getType:function(i){},
-       };
-
+       var removeSpace = /\s*/g;
+       var trimSpace = /^\s*|\s*$/g;
+       var splitSpace = /\s+/; // generate a short, numeric hash of a string
 
+       function okhash(x) {
+         if (!x || !x.length) return 0;
+         var h = 0;
 
+         for (var i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
+           h = (h << 5) - h + x.charCodeAt(i) | 0;
+         }
 
-       function _set_proto_(thiz,parent){
-               thiz.__proto__ = parent;
-               return thiz;
-       }
-       if(!(_set_proto_({},_set_proto_.prototype) instanceof _set_proto_)){
-               _set_proto_ = function(thiz,parent){
-                       function p(){}          p.prototype = parent;
-                       p = new p();
-                       for(parent in thiz){
-                               p[parent] = thiz[parent];
-                       }
-                       return p;
-               };
-       }
-
-       function split(source,start){
-               var match;
-               var buf = [];
-               var reg = /'[^']+'|"[^"]+"|[^\s<>\/=]+=?|(\/?\s*>|<)/g;
-               reg.lastIndex = start;
-               reg.exec(source);//skip <
-               while(match = reg.exec(source)){
-                       buf.push(match);
-                       if(match[1])return buf;
-               }
-       }
+         return h;
+       } // get one coordinate from a coordinate array, if any
 
-       var XMLReader_1 = XMLReader;
 
-       var sax = {
-               XMLReader: XMLReader_1
-       };
+       function coord1(v) {
+         return v.replace(removeSpace, "").split(",").map(parseFloat);
+       } // get all coordinates from a coordinate array as [[],[]]
 
-       /*
-        * DOM Level 2
-        * Object DOMException
-        * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1/ecma-script-language-binding.html
-        * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Core-20001113/ecma-script-binding.html
-        */
 
-       function copy$2(src,dest){
-               for(var p in src){
-                       dest[p] = src[p];
-               }
+       function coord(v) {
+         return v.replace(trimSpace, "").split(splitSpace).map(coord1);
        }
-       /**
-       ^\w+\.prototype\.([_\w]+)\s*=\s*((?:.*\{\s*?[\r\n][\s\S]*?^})|\S.*?(?=[;\r\n]));?
-       ^\w+\.prototype\.([_\w]+)\s*=\s*(\S.*?(?=[;\r\n]));?
-        */
-       function _extends(Class,Super){
-               var pt = Class.prototype;
-               if(Object.create){
-                       var ppt = Object.create(Super.prototype);
-                       pt.__proto__ = ppt;
-               }
-               if(!(pt instanceof Super)){
-                       function t(){}          t.prototype = Super.prototype;
-                       t = new t();
-                       copy$2(pt,t);
-                       Class.prototype = pt = t;
-               }
-               if(pt.constructor != Class){
-                       if(typeof Class != 'function'){
-                               console.error("unknow Class:"+Class);
-                       }
-                       pt.constructor = Class;
-               }
-       }
-       var htmlns = 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml' ;
-       // Node Types
-       var NodeType = {};
-       var ELEMENT_NODE                = NodeType.ELEMENT_NODE                = 1;
-       var ATTRIBUTE_NODE              = NodeType.ATTRIBUTE_NODE              = 2;
-       var TEXT_NODE                   = NodeType.TEXT_NODE                   = 3;
-       var CDATA_SECTION_NODE          = NodeType.CDATA_SECTION_NODE          = 4;
-       var ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE       = NodeType.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE       = 5;
-       var ENTITY_NODE                 = NodeType.ENTITY_NODE                 = 6;
-       var PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE = NodeType.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE = 7;
-       var COMMENT_NODE                = NodeType.COMMENT_NODE                = 8;
-       var DOCUMENT_NODE               = NodeType.DOCUMENT_NODE               = 9;
-       var DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE          = NodeType.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE          = 10;
-       var DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE      = NodeType.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE      = 11;
-       var NOTATION_NODE               = NodeType.NOTATION_NODE               = 12;
-
-       // ExceptionCode
-       var ExceptionCode = {};
-       var ExceptionMessage = {};
-       var INDEX_SIZE_ERR              = ExceptionCode.INDEX_SIZE_ERR              = ((ExceptionMessage[1]="Index size error"),1);
-       var DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR          = ExceptionCode.DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR          = ((ExceptionMessage[2]="DOMString size error"),2);
-       var HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR       = ExceptionCode.HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR       = ((ExceptionMessage[3]="Hierarchy request error"),3);
-       var WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR          = ExceptionCode.WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR          = ((ExceptionMessage[4]="Wrong document"),4);
-       var INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR       = ExceptionCode.INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR       = ((ExceptionMessage[5]="Invalid character"),5);
-       var NO_DATA_ALLOWED_ERR         = ExceptionCode.NO_DATA_ALLOWED_ERR         = ((ExceptionMessage[6]="No data allowed"),6);
-       var NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR = ExceptionCode.NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR = ((ExceptionMessage[7]="No modification allowed"),7);
-       var NOT_FOUND_ERR               = ExceptionCode.NOT_FOUND_ERR               = ((ExceptionMessage[8]="Not found"),8);
-       var NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR           = ExceptionCode.NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR           = ((ExceptionMessage[9]="Not supported"),9);
-       var INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR         = ExceptionCode.INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR         = ((ExceptionMessage[10]="Attribute in use"),10);
-       //level2
-       var INVALID_STATE_ERR           = ExceptionCode.INVALID_STATE_ERR               = ((ExceptionMessage[11]="Invalid state"),11);
-       var SYNTAX_ERR                  = ExceptionCode.SYNTAX_ERR                      = ((ExceptionMessage[12]="Syntax error"),12);
-       var INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR    = ExceptionCode.INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR        = ((ExceptionMessage[13]="Invalid modification"),13);
-       var NAMESPACE_ERR               = ExceptionCode.NAMESPACE_ERR                   = ((ExceptionMessage[14]="Invalid namespace"),14);
-       var INVALID_ACCESS_ERR          = ExceptionCode.INVALID_ACCESS_ERR              = ((ExceptionMessage[15]="Invalid access"),15);
-
-
-       function DOMException$2(code, message) {
-               if(message instanceof Error){
-                       var error = message;
-               }else {
-                       error = this;
-                       Error.call(this, ExceptionMessage[code]);
-                       this.message = ExceptionMessage[code];
-                       if(Error.captureStackTrace) Error.captureStackTrace(this, DOMException$2);
-               }
-               error.code = code;
-               if(message) this.message = this.message + ": " + message;
-               return error;
-       }DOMException$2.prototype = Error.prototype;
-       copy$2(ExceptionCode,DOMException$2);
-       /**
-        * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Core-20001113/core.html#ID-536297177
-        * The NodeList interface provides the abstraction of an ordered collection of nodes, without defining or constraining how this collection is implemented. NodeList objects in the DOM are live.
-        * The items in the NodeList are accessible via an integral index, starting from 0.
-        */
-       function NodeList() {
-       }NodeList.prototype = {
-               /**
-                * The number of nodes in the list. The range of valid child node indices is 0 to length-1 inclusive.
-                * @standard level1
-                */
-               length:0, 
-               /**
-                * Returns the indexth item in the collection. If index is greater than or equal to the number of nodes in the list, this returns null.
-                * @standard level1
-                * @param index  unsigned long 
-                *   Index into the collection.
-                * @return Node
-                *      The node at the indexth position in the NodeList, or null if that is not a valid index. 
-                */
-               item: function(index) {
-                       return this[index] || null;
-               },
-               toString:function(isHTML,nodeFilter){
-                       for(var buf = [], i = 0;i<this.length;i++){
-                               serializeToString(this[i],buf,isHTML,nodeFilter);
-                       }
-                       return buf.join('');
-               }
-       };
-       function LiveNodeList(node,refresh){
-               this._node = node;
-               this._refresh = refresh;
-               _updateLiveList(this);
-       }
-       function _updateLiveList(list){
-               var inc = list._node._inc || list._node.ownerDocument._inc;
-               if(list._inc != inc){
-                       var ls = list._refresh(list._node);
-                       //console.log(ls.length)
-                       __set__(list,'length',ls.length);
-                       copy$2(ls,list);
-                       list._inc = inc;
-               }
-       }
-       LiveNodeList.prototype.item = function(i){
-               _updateLiveList(this);
-               return this[i];
-       };
 
-       _extends(LiveNodeList,NodeList);
-       /**
-        * 
-        * Objects implementing the NamedNodeMap interface are used to represent collections of nodes that can be accessed by name. Note that NamedNodeMap does not inherit from NodeList; NamedNodeMaps are not maintained in any particular order. Objects contained in an object implementing NamedNodeMap may also be accessed by an ordinal index, but this is simply to allow convenient enumeration of the contents of a NamedNodeMap, and does not imply that the DOM specifies an order to these Nodes.
-        * NamedNodeMap objects in the DOM are live.
-        * used for attributes or DocumentType entities 
-        */
-       function NamedNodeMap() {
-       }
-       function _findNodeIndex(list,node){
-               var i = list.length;
-               while(i--){
-                       if(list[i] === node){return i}
-               }
-       }
-
-       function _addNamedNode(el,list,newAttr,oldAttr){
-               if(oldAttr){
-                       list[_findNodeIndex(list,oldAttr)] = newAttr;
-               }else {
-                       list[list.length++] = newAttr;
-               }
-               if(el){
-                       newAttr.ownerElement = el;
-                       var doc = el.ownerDocument;
-                       if(doc){
-                               oldAttr && _onRemoveAttribute(doc,el,oldAttr);
-                               _onAddAttribute(doc,el,newAttr);
-                       }
-               }
-       }
-       function _removeNamedNode(el,list,attr){
-               //console.log('remove attr:'+attr)
-               var i = _findNodeIndex(list,attr);
-               if(i>=0){
-                       var lastIndex = list.length-1;
-                       while(i<lastIndex){
-                               list[i] = list[++i];
-                       }
-                       list.length = lastIndex;
-                       if(el){
-                               var doc = el.ownerDocument;
-                               if(doc){
-                                       _onRemoveAttribute(doc,el,attr);
-                                       attr.ownerElement = null;
-                               }
-                       }
-               }else {
-                       throw DOMException$2(NOT_FOUND_ERR,new Error(el.tagName+'@'+attr))
-               }
-       }
-       NamedNodeMap.prototype = {
-               length:0,
-               item:NodeList.prototype.item,
-               getNamedItem: function(key) {
-       //              if(key.indexOf(':')>0 || key == 'xmlns'){
-       //                      return null;
-       //              }
-                       //console.log()
-                       var i = this.length;
-                       while(i--){
-                               var attr = this[i];
-                               //console.log(attr.nodeName,key)
-                               if(attr.nodeName == key){
-                                       return attr;
-                               }
-                       }
-               },
-               setNamedItem: function(attr) {
-                       var el = attr.ownerElement;
-                       if(el && el!=this._ownerElement){
-                               throw new DOMException$2(INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR);
-                       }
-                       var oldAttr = this.getNamedItem(attr.nodeName);
-                       _addNamedNode(this._ownerElement,this,attr,oldAttr);
-                       return oldAttr;
-               },
-               /* returns Node */
-               setNamedItemNS: function(attr) {// raises: WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR,NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR,INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR
-                       var el = attr.ownerElement, oldAttr;
-                       if(el && el!=this._ownerElement){
-                               throw new DOMException$2(INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR);
-                       }
-                       oldAttr = this.getNamedItemNS(attr.namespaceURI,attr.localName);
-                       _addNamedNode(this._ownerElement,this,attr,oldAttr);
-                       return oldAttr;
-               },
-
-               /* returns Node */
-               removeNamedItem: function(key) {
-                       var attr = this.getNamedItem(key);
-                       _removeNamedNode(this._ownerElement,this,attr);
-                       return attr;
-                       
-                       
-               },// raises: NOT_FOUND_ERR,NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR
-               
-               //for level2
-               removeNamedItemNS:function(namespaceURI,localName){
-                       var attr = this.getNamedItemNS(namespaceURI,localName);
-                       _removeNamedNode(this._ownerElement,this,attr);
-                       return attr;
-               },
-               getNamedItemNS: function(namespaceURI, localName) {
-                       var i = this.length;
-                       while(i--){
-                               var node = this[i];
-                               if(node.localName == localName && node.namespaceURI == namespaceURI){
-                                       return node;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return null;
-               }
-       };
-       /**
-        * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1/level-one-core.html#ID-102161490
-        */
-       function DOMImplementation(/* Object */ features) {
-               this._features = {};
-               if (features) {
-                       for (var feature in features) {
-                                this._features = features[feature];
-                       }
-               }
-       }
-       DOMImplementation.prototype = {
-               hasFeature: function(/* string */ feature, /* string */ version) {
-                       var versions = this._features[feature.toLowerCase()];
-                       if (versions && (!version || version in versions)) {
-                               return true;
-                       } else {
-                               return false;
-                       }
-               },
-               // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-               createDocument:function(namespaceURI,  qualifiedName, doctype){// raises:INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR,NAMESPACE_ERR,WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR
-                       var doc = new Document();
-                       doc.implementation = this;
-                       doc.childNodes = new NodeList();
-                       doc.doctype = doctype;
-                       if(doctype){
-                               doc.appendChild(doctype);
-                       }
-                       if(qualifiedName){
-                               var root = doc.createElementNS(namespaceURI,qualifiedName);
-                               doc.appendChild(root);
-                       }
-                       return doc;
-               },
-               // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-               createDocumentType:function(qualifiedName, publicId, systemId){// raises:INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR,NAMESPACE_ERR
-                       var node = new DocumentType();
-                       node.name = qualifiedName;
-                       node.nodeName = qualifiedName;
-                       node.publicId = publicId;
-                       node.systemId = systemId;
-                       // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-                       //readonly attribute DOMString        internalSubset;
-                       
-                       //TODO:..
-                       //  readonly attribute NamedNodeMap     entities;
-                       //  readonly attribute NamedNodeMap     notations;
-                       return node;
-               }
-       };
+       function xml2str(node) {
+         if (node.xml !== undefined) return node.xml;
 
+         if (node.tagName) {
+           var output = node.tagName;
 
-       /**
-        * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Core-20001113/core.html#ID-1950641247
-        */
+           for (var i = 0; i < node.attributes.length; i++) {
+             output += node.attributes[i].name + node.attributes[i].value;
+           }
 
-       function Node() {
-       }
-       Node.prototype = {
-               firstChild : null,
-               lastChild : null,
-               previousSibling : null,
-               nextSibling : null,
-               attributes : null,
-               parentNode : null,
-               childNodes : null,
-               ownerDocument : null,
-               nodeValue : null,
-               namespaceURI : null,
-               prefix : null,
-               localName : null,
-               // Modified in DOM Level 2:
-               insertBefore:function(newChild, refChild){//raises 
-                       return _insertBefore(this,newChild,refChild);
-               },
-               replaceChild:function(newChild, oldChild){//raises 
-                       this.insertBefore(newChild,oldChild);
-                       if(oldChild){
-                               this.removeChild(oldChild);
-                       }
-               },
-               removeChild:function(oldChild){
-                       return _removeChild(this,oldChild);
-               },
-               appendChild:function(newChild){
-                       return this.insertBefore(newChild,null);
-               },
-               hasChildNodes:function(){
-                       return this.firstChild != null;
-               },
-               cloneNode:function(deep){
-                       return cloneNode(this.ownerDocument||this,this,deep);
-               },
-               // Modified in DOM Level 2:
-               normalize:function(){
-                       var child = this.firstChild;
-                       while(child){
-                               var next = child.nextSibling;
-                               if(next && next.nodeType == TEXT_NODE && child.nodeType == TEXT_NODE){
-                                       this.removeChild(next);
-                                       child.appendData(next.data);
-                               }else {
-                                       child.normalize();
-                                       child = next;
-                               }
-                       }
-               },
-               // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-               isSupported:function(feature, version){
-                       return this.ownerDocument.implementation.hasFeature(feature,version);
-               },
-           // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-           hasAttributes:function(){
-               return this.attributes.length>0;
-           },
-           lookupPrefix:function(namespaceURI){
-               var el = this;
-               while(el){
-                       var map = el._nsMap;
-                       //console.dir(map)
-                       if(map){
-                               for(var n in map){
-                                       if(map[n] == namespaceURI){
-                                               return n;
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }
-                       el = el.nodeType == ATTRIBUTE_NODE?el.ownerDocument : el.parentNode;
-               }
-               return null;
-           },
-           // Introduced in DOM Level 3:
-           lookupNamespaceURI:function(prefix){
-               var el = this;
-               while(el){
-                       var map = el._nsMap;
-                       //console.dir(map)
-                       if(map){
-                               if(prefix in map){
-                                       return map[prefix] ;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       el = el.nodeType == ATTRIBUTE_NODE?el.ownerDocument : el.parentNode;
-               }
-               return null;
-           },
-           // Introduced in DOM Level 3:
-           isDefaultNamespace:function(namespaceURI){
-               var prefix = this.lookupPrefix(namespaceURI);
-               return prefix == null;
+           for (var _i9 = 0; _i9 < node.childNodes.length; _i9++) {
+             output += xml2str(node.childNodes[_i9]);
            }
-       };
 
+           return output;
+         }
+
+         if (node.nodeName === "#text") {
+           return (node.nodeValue || node.value || "").trim();
+         }
+
+         if (node.nodeName === "#cdata-section") {
+           return node.nodeValue;
+         }
 
-       function _xmlEncoder(c){
-               return c == '<' && '&lt;' ||
-                c == '>' && '&gt;' ||
-                c == '&' && '&amp;' ||
-                c == '"' && '&quot;' ||
-                '&#'+c.charCodeAt()+';'
+         return "";
        }
 
+       var geotypes = ["Polygon", "LineString", "Point", "Track", "gx:Track"];
 
-       copy$2(NodeType,Node);
-       copy$2(NodeType,Node.prototype);
+       function kmlColor(properties, elem, prefix) {
+         var v = nodeVal(get1(elem, "color")) || "";
+         var colorProp = prefix == "stroke" || prefix === "fill" ? prefix : prefix + "-color";
 
-       /**
-        * @param callback return true for continue,false for break
-        * @return boolean true: break visit;
-        */
-       function _visitNode(node,callback){
-               if(callback(node)){
-                       return true;
-               }
-               if(node = node.firstChild){
-                       do{
-                               if(_visitNode(node,callback)){return true}
-               }while(node=node.nextSibling)
-           }
-       }
-
-
-
-       function Document(){
-       }
-       function _onAddAttribute(doc,el,newAttr){
-               doc && doc._inc++;
-               var ns = newAttr.namespaceURI ;
-               if(ns == 'http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/'){
-                       //update namespace
-                       el._nsMap[newAttr.prefix?newAttr.localName:''] = newAttr.value;
-               }
-       }
-       function _onRemoveAttribute(doc,el,newAttr,remove){
-               doc && doc._inc++;
-               var ns = newAttr.namespaceURI ;
-               if(ns == 'http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/'){
-                       //update namespace
-                       delete el._nsMap[newAttr.prefix?newAttr.localName:''];
-               }
-       }
-       function _onUpdateChild(doc,el,newChild){
-               if(doc && doc._inc){
-                       doc._inc++;
-                       //update childNodes
-                       var cs = el.childNodes;
-                       if(newChild){
-                               cs[cs.length++] = newChild;
-                       }else {
-                               //console.log(1)
-                               var child = el.firstChild;
-                               var i = 0;
-                               while(child){
-                                       cs[i++] = child;
-                                       child =child.nextSibling;
-                               }
-                               cs.length = i;
-                       }
-               }
-       }
+         if (v.substr(0, 1) === "#") {
+           v = v.substr(1);
+         }
 
-       /**
-        * attributes;
-        * children;
-        * 
-        * writeable properties:
-        * nodeValue,Attr:value,CharacterData:data
-        * prefix
-        */
-       function _removeChild(parentNode,child){
-               var previous = child.previousSibling;
-               var next = child.nextSibling;
-               if(previous){
-                       previous.nextSibling = next;
-               }else {
-                       parentNode.firstChild = next;
-               }
-               if(next){
-                       next.previousSibling = previous;
-               }else {
-                       parentNode.lastChild = previous;
-               }
-               _onUpdateChild(parentNode.ownerDocument,parentNode);
-               return child;
-       }
-       /**
-        * preformance key(refChild == null)
-        */
-       function _insertBefore(parentNode,newChild,nextChild){
-               var cp = newChild.parentNode;
-               if(cp){
-                       cp.removeChild(newChild);//remove and update
-               }
-               if(newChild.nodeType === DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE){
-                       var newFirst = newChild.firstChild;
-                       if (newFirst == null) {
-                               return newChild;
-                       }
-                       var newLast = newChild.lastChild;
-               }else {
-                       newFirst = newLast = newChild;
-               }
-               var pre = nextChild ? nextChild.previousSibling : parentNode.lastChild;
-
-               newFirst.previousSibling = pre;
-               newLast.nextSibling = nextChild;
-               
-               
-               if(pre){
-                       pre.nextSibling = newFirst;
-               }else {
-                       parentNode.firstChild = newFirst;
-               }
-               if(nextChild == null){
-                       parentNode.lastChild = newLast;
-               }else {
-                       nextChild.previousSibling = newLast;
-               }
-               do{
-                       newFirst.parentNode = parentNode;
-               }while(newFirst !== newLast && (newFirst= newFirst.nextSibling))
-               _onUpdateChild(parentNode.ownerDocument||parentNode,parentNode);
-               //console.log(parentNode.lastChild.nextSibling == null)
-               if (newChild.nodeType == DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE) {
-                       newChild.firstChild = newChild.lastChild = null;
-               }
-               return newChild;
-       }
-       function _appendSingleChild(parentNode,newChild){
-               var cp = newChild.parentNode;
-               if(cp){
-                       var pre = parentNode.lastChild;
-                       cp.removeChild(newChild);//remove and update
-                       var pre = parentNode.lastChild;
-               }
-               var pre = parentNode.lastChild;
-               newChild.parentNode = parentNode;
-               newChild.previousSibling = pre;
-               newChild.nextSibling = null;
-               if(pre){
-                       pre.nextSibling = newChild;
-               }else {
-                       parentNode.firstChild = newChild;
-               }
-               parentNode.lastChild = newChild;
-               _onUpdateChild(parentNode.ownerDocument,parentNode,newChild);
-               return newChild;
-               //console.log("__aa",parentNode.lastChild.nextSibling == null)
-       }
-       Document.prototype = {
-               //implementation : null,
-               nodeName :  '#document',
-               nodeType :  DOCUMENT_NODE,
-               doctype :  null,
-               documentElement :  null,
-               _inc : 1,
-               
-               insertBefore :  function(newChild, refChild){//raises 
-                       if(newChild.nodeType == DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE){
-                               var child = newChild.firstChild;
-                               while(child){
-                                       var next = child.nextSibling;
-                                       this.insertBefore(child,refChild);
-                                       child = next;
-                               }
-                               return newChild;
-                       }
-                       if(this.documentElement == null && newChild.nodeType == ELEMENT_NODE){
-                               this.documentElement = newChild;
-                       }
-                       
-                       return _insertBefore(this,newChild,refChild),(newChild.ownerDocument = this),newChild;
-               },
-               removeChild :  function(oldChild){
-                       if(this.documentElement == oldChild){
-                               this.documentElement = null;
-                       }
-                       return _removeChild(this,oldChild);
-               },
-               // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-               importNode : function(importedNode,deep){
-                       return importNode(this,importedNode,deep);
-               },
-               // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-               getElementById :        function(id){
-                       var rtv = null;
-                       _visitNode(this.documentElement,function(node){
-                               if(node.nodeType == ELEMENT_NODE){
-                                       if(node.getAttribute('id') == id){
-                                               rtv = node;
-                                               return true;
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       });
-                       return rtv;
-               },
-               
-               //document factory method:
-               createElement : function(tagName){
-                       var node = new Element();
-                       node.ownerDocument = this;
-                       node.nodeName = tagName;
-                       node.tagName = tagName;
-                       node.childNodes = new NodeList();
-                       var attrs       = node.attributes = new NamedNodeMap();
-                       attrs._ownerElement = node;
-                       return node;
-               },
-               createDocumentFragment :        function(){
-                       var node = new DocumentFragment();
-                       node.ownerDocument = this;
-                       node.childNodes = new NodeList();
-                       return node;
-               },
-               createTextNode :        function(data){
-                       var node = new Text();
-                       node.ownerDocument = this;
-                       node.appendData(data);
-                       return node;
-               },
-               createComment : function(data){
-                       var node = new Comment();
-                       node.ownerDocument = this;
-                       node.appendData(data);
-                       return node;
-               },
-               createCDATASection :    function(data){
-                       var node = new CDATASection();
-                       node.ownerDocument = this;
-                       node.appendData(data);
-                       return node;
-               },
-               createProcessingInstruction :   function(target,data){
-                       var node = new ProcessingInstruction();
-                       node.ownerDocument = this;
-                       node.tagName = node.target = target;
-                       node.nodeValue= node.data = data;
-                       return node;
-               },
-               createAttribute :       function(name){
-                       var node = new Attr();
-                       node.ownerDocument      = this;
-                       node.name = name;
-                       node.nodeName   = name;
-                       node.localName = name;
-                       node.specified = true;
-                       return node;
-               },
-               createEntityReference : function(name){
-                       var node = new EntityReference();
-                       node.ownerDocument      = this;
-                       node.nodeName   = name;
-                       return node;
-               },
-               // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-               createElementNS :       function(namespaceURI,qualifiedName){
-                       var node = new Element();
-                       var pl = qualifiedName.split(':');
-                       var attrs       = node.attributes = new NamedNodeMap();
-                       node.childNodes = new NodeList();
-                       node.ownerDocument = this;
-                       node.nodeName = qualifiedName;
-                       node.tagName = qualifiedName;
-                       node.namespaceURI = namespaceURI;
-                       if(pl.length == 2){
-                               node.prefix = pl[0];
-                               node.localName = pl[1];
-                       }else {
-                               //el.prefix = null;
-                               node.localName = qualifiedName;
-                       }
-                       attrs._ownerElement = node;
-                       return node;
-               },
-               // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
-               createAttributeNS :     function(namespaceURI,qualifiedName){
-                       var node = new Attr();
-                       var pl = qualifiedName.split(':');
-                       node.ownerDocument = this;
-                       node.nodeName = qualifiedName;
-                       node.name = qualifiedName;
-                       node.namespaceURI = namespaceURI;
-                       node.specified = true;
-                       if(pl.length == 2){
-                               node.prefix = pl[0];
-                               node.localName = pl[1];
-                       }else {
-                               //el.prefix = null;
-                               node.localName = qualifiedName;
-                       }
-                       return node;
-               }
-       };
-       _extends(Document,Node);
-
-
-       function Element() {
-               this._nsMap = {};
-       }Element.prototype = {
-               nodeType : ELEMENT_NODE,
-               hasAttribute : function(name){
-                       return this.getAttributeNode(name)!=null;
-               },
-               getAttribute : function(name){
-                       var attr = this.getAttributeNode(name);
-                       return attr && attr.value || '';
-               },
-               getAttributeNode : function(name){
-                       return this.attributes.getNamedItem(name);
-               },
-               setAttribute : function(name, value){
-                       var attr = this.ownerDocument.createAttribute(name);
-                       attr.value = attr.nodeValue = "" + value;
-                       this.setAttributeNode(attr);
-               },
-               removeAttribute : function(name){
-                       var attr = this.getAttributeNode(name);
-                       attr && this.removeAttributeNode(attr);
-               },
-               
-               //four real opeartion method
-               appendChild:function(newChild){
-                       if(newChild.nodeType === DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE){
-                               return this.insertBefore(newChild,null);
-                       }else {
-                               return _appendSingleChild(this,newChild);
-                       }
-               },
-               setAttributeNode : function(newAttr){
-                       return this.attributes.setNamedItem(newAttr);
-               },
-               setAttributeNodeNS : function(newAttr){
-                       return this.attributes.setNamedItemNS(newAttr);
-               },
-               removeAttributeNode : function(oldAttr){
-                       //console.log(this == oldAttr.ownerElement)
-                       return this.attributes.removeNamedItem(oldAttr.nodeName);
-               },
-               //get real attribute name,and remove it by removeAttributeNode
-               removeAttributeNS : function(namespaceURI, localName){
-                       var old = this.getAttributeNodeNS(namespaceURI, localName);
-                       old && this.removeAttributeNode(old);
-               },
-               
-               hasAttributeNS : function(namespaceURI, localName){
-                       return this.getAttributeNodeNS(namespaceURI, localName)!=null;
-               },
-               getAttributeNS : function(namespaceURI, localName){
-                       var attr = this.getAttributeNodeNS(namespaceURI, localName);
-                       return attr && attr.value || '';
-               },
-               setAttributeNS : function(namespaceURI, qualifiedName, value){
-                       var attr = this.ownerDocument.createAttributeNS(namespaceURI, qualifiedName);
-                       attr.value = attr.nodeValue = "" + value;
-                       this.setAttributeNode(attr);
-               },
-               getAttributeNodeNS : function(namespaceURI, localName){
-                       return this.attributes.getNamedItemNS(namespaceURI, localName);
-               },
-               
-               getElementsByTagName : function(tagName){
-                       return new LiveNodeList(this,function(base){
-                               var ls = [];
-                               _visitNode(base,function(node){
-                                       if(node !== base && node.nodeType == ELEMENT_NODE && (tagName === '*' || node.tagName == tagName)){
-                                               ls.push(node);
-                                       }
-                               });
-                               return ls;
-                       });
-               },
-               getElementsByTagNameNS : function(namespaceURI, localName){
-                       return new LiveNodeList(this,function(base){
-                               var ls = [];
-                               _visitNode(base,function(node){
-                                       if(node !== base && node.nodeType === ELEMENT_NODE && (namespaceURI === '*' || node.namespaceURI === namespaceURI) && (localName === '*' || node.localName == localName)){
-                                               ls.push(node);
-                                       }
-                               });
-                               return ls;
-                               
-                       });
-               }
-       };
-       Document.prototype.getElementsByTagName = Element.prototype.getElementsByTagName;
-       Document.prototype.getElementsByTagNameNS = Element.prototype.getElementsByTagNameNS;
-
-
-       _extends(Element,Node);
-       function Attr() {
-       }Attr.prototype.nodeType = ATTRIBUTE_NODE;
-       _extends(Attr,Node);
-
-
-       function CharacterData() {
-       }CharacterData.prototype = {
-               data : '',
-               substringData : function(offset, count) {
-                       return this.data.substring(offset, offset+count);
-               },
-               appendData: function(text) {
-                       text = this.data+text;
-                       this.nodeValue = this.data = text;
-                       this.length = text.length;
-               },
-               insertData: function(offset,text) {
-                       this.replaceData(offset,0,text);
-               
-               },
-               appendChild:function(newChild){
-                       throw new Error(ExceptionMessage[HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR])
-               },
-               deleteData: function(offset, count) {
-                       this.replaceData(offset,count,"");
-               },
-               replaceData: function(offset, count, text) {
-                       var start = this.data.substring(0,offset);
-                       var end = this.data.substring(offset+count);
-                       text = start + text + end;
-                       this.nodeValue = this.data = text;
-                       this.length = text.length;
-               }
-       };
-       _extends(CharacterData,Node);
-       function Text() {
-       }Text.prototype = {
-               nodeName : "#text",
-               nodeType : TEXT_NODE,
-               splitText : function(offset) {
-                       var text = this.data;
-                       var newText = text.substring(offset);
-                       text = text.substring(0, offset);
-                       this.data = this.nodeValue = text;
-                       this.length = text.length;
-                       var newNode = this.ownerDocument.createTextNode(newText);
-                       if(this.parentNode){
-                               this.parentNode.insertBefore(newNode, this.nextSibling);
-                       }
-                       return newNode;
-               }
-       };
-       _extends(Text,CharacterData);
-       function Comment() {
-       }Comment.prototype = {
-               nodeName : "#comment",
-               nodeType : COMMENT_NODE
-       };
-       _extends(Comment,CharacterData);
+         if (v.length === 6 || v.length === 3) {
+           properties[colorProp] = v;
+         } else if (v.length === 8) {
+           properties[prefix + "-opacity"] = parseInt(v.substr(0, 2), 16) / 255;
+           properties[colorProp] = "#" + v.substr(6, 2) + v.substr(4, 2) + v.substr(2, 2);
+         }
+       }
 
-       function CDATASection() {
-       }CDATASection.prototype = {
-               nodeName : "#cdata-section",
-               nodeType : CDATA_SECTION_NODE
-       };
-       _extends(CDATASection,CharacterData);
+       function numericProperty(properties, elem, source, target) {
+         var val = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(elem, source)));
+         if (!isNaN(val)) properties[target] = val;
+       }
 
+       function gxCoords(root) {
+         var elems = root.getElementsByTagName("coord");
+         var coords = [];
+         var times = [];
+         if (elems.length === 0) elems = root.getElementsByTagName("gx:coord");
 
-       function DocumentType() {
-       }DocumentType.prototype.nodeType = DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE;
-       _extends(DocumentType,Node);
+         for (var i = 0; i < elems.length; i++) {
+           coords.push(nodeVal(elems[i]).split(" ").map(parseFloat));
+         }
 
-       function Notation() {
-       }Notation.prototype.nodeType = NOTATION_NODE;
-       _extends(Notation,Node);
+         var timeElems = root.getElementsByTagName("when");
 
-       function Entity() {
-       }Entity.prototype.nodeType = ENTITY_NODE;
-       _extends(Entity,Node);
+         for (var j = 0; j < timeElems.length; j++) {
+           times.push(nodeVal(timeElems[j]));
+         }
 
-       function EntityReference() {
-       }EntityReference.prototype.nodeType = ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE;
-       _extends(EntityReference,Node);
+         return {
+           coords: coords,
+           times: times
+         };
+       }
 
-       function DocumentFragment() {
-       }DocumentFragment.prototype.nodeName =  "#document-fragment";
-       DocumentFragment.prototype.nodeType =   DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE;
-       _extends(DocumentFragment,Node);
+       function getGeometry(root) {
+         var geomNode;
+         var geomNodes;
+         var i;
+         var j;
+         var k;
+         var geoms = [];
+         var coordTimes = [];
 
+         if (get1(root, "MultiGeometry")) {
+           return getGeometry(get1(root, "MultiGeometry"));
+         }
 
-       function ProcessingInstruction() {
-       }
-       ProcessingInstruction.prototype.nodeType = PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE;
-       _extends(ProcessingInstruction,Node);
-       function XMLSerializer$1(){}
-       XMLSerializer$1.prototype.serializeToString = function(node,isHtml,nodeFilter){
-               return nodeSerializeToString.call(node,isHtml,nodeFilter);
-       };
-       Node.prototype.toString = nodeSerializeToString;
-       function nodeSerializeToString(isHtml,nodeFilter){
-               var buf = [];
-               var refNode = this.nodeType == 9?this.documentElement:this;
-               var prefix = refNode.prefix;
-               var uri = refNode.namespaceURI;
-               
-               if(uri && prefix == null){
-                       //console.log(prefix)
-                       var prefix = refNode.lookupPrefix(uri);
-                       if(prefix == null){
-                               //isHTML = true;
-                               var visibleNamespaces=[
-                               {namespace:uri,prefix:null}
-                               //{namespace:uri,prefix:''}
-                               ];
-                       }
-               }
-               serializeToString(this,buf,isHtml,nodeFilter,visibleNamespaces);
-               //console.log('###',this.nodeType,uri,prefix,buf.join(''))
-               return buf.join('');
-       }
-       function needNamespaceDefine(node,isHTML, visibleNamespaces) {
-               var prefix = node.prefix||'';
-               var uri = node.namespaceURI;
-               if (!prefix && !uri){
-                       return false;
-               }
-               if (prefix === "xml" && uri === "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" 
-                       || uri == 'http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/'){
-                       return false;
-               }
-               
-               var i = visibleNamespaces.length; 
-               //console.log('@@@@',node.tagName,prefix,uri,visibleNamespaces)
-               while (i--) {
-                       var ns = visibleNamespaces[i];
-                       // get namespace prefix
-                       //console.log(node.nodeType,node.tagName,ns.prefix,prefix)
-                       if (ns.prefix == prefix){
-                               return ns.namespace != uri;
-                       }
-               }
-               //console.log(isHTML,uri,prefix=='')
-               //if(isHTML && prefix ==null && uri == 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'){
-               //      return false;
-               //}
-               //node.flag = '11111'
-               //console.error(3,true,node.flag,node.prefix,node.namespaceURI)
-               return true;
-       }
-       function serializeToString(node,buf,isHTML,nodeFilter,visibleNamespaces){
-               if(nodeFilter){
-                       node = nodeFilter(node);
-                       if(node){
-                               if(typeof node == 'string'){
-                                       buf.push(node);
-                                       return;
-                               }
-                       }else {
-                               return;
-                       }
-                       //buf.sort.apply(attrs, attributeSorter);
-               }
-               switch(node.nodeType){
-               case ELEMENT_NODE:
-                       if (!visibleNamespaces) visibleNamespaces = [];
-                       var startVisibleNamespaces = visibleNamespaces.length;
-                       var attrs = node.attributes;
-                       var len = attrs.length;
-                       var child = node.firstChild;
-                       var nodeName = node.tagName;
-                       
-                       isHTML =  (htmlns === node.namespaceURI) ||isHTML; 
-                       buf.push('<',nodeName);
-                       
-                       
-                       
-                       for(var i=0;i<len;i++){
-                               // add namespaces for attributes
-                               var attr = attrs.item(i);
-                               if (attr.prefix == 'xmlns') {
-                                       visibleNamespaces.push({ prefix: attr.localName, namespace: attr.value });
-                               }else if(attr.nodeName == 'xmlns'){
-                                       visibleNamespaces.push({ prefix: '', namespace: attr.value });
-                               }
-                       }
-                       for(var i=0;i<len;i++){
-                               var attr = attrs.item(i);
-                               if (needNamespaceDefine(attr,isHTML, visibleNamespaces)) {
-                                       var prefix = attr.prefix||'';
-                                       var uri = attr.namespaceURI;
-                                       var ns = prefix ? ' xmlns:' + prefix : " xmlns";
-                                       buf.push(ns, '="' , uri , '"');
-                                       visibleNamespaces.push({ prefix: prefix, namespace:uri });
-                               }
-                               serializeToString(attr,buf,isHTML,nodeFilter,visibleNamespaces);
-                       }
-                       // add namespace for current node               
-                       if (needNamespaceDefine(node,isHTML, visibleNamespaces)) {
-                               var prefix = node.prefix||'';
-                               var uri = node.namespaceURI;
-                               var ns = prefix ? ' xmlns:' + prefix : " xmlns";
-                               buf.push(ns, '="' , uri , '"');
-                               visibleNamespaces.push({ prefix: prefix, namespace:uri });
-                       }
-                       
-                       if(child || isHTML && !/^(?:meta|link|img|br|hr|input)$/i.test(nodeName)){
-                               buf.push('>');
-                               //if is cdata child node
-                               if(isHTML && /^script$/i.test(nodeName)){
-                                       while(child){
-                                               if(child.data){
-                                                       buf.push(child.data);
-                                               }else {
-                                                       serializeToString(child,buf,isHTML,nodeFilter,visibleNamespaces);
-                                               }
-                                               child = child.nextSibling;
-                                       }
-                               }else
-                               {
-                                       while(child){
-                                               serializeToString(child,buf,isHTML,nodeFilter,visibleNamespaces);
-                                               child = child.nextSibling;
-                                       }
-                               }
-                               buf.push('</',nodeName,'>');
-                       }else {
-                               buf.push('/>');
-                       }
-                       // remove added visible namespaces
-                       //visibleNamespaces.length = startVisibleNamespaces;
-                       return;
-               case DOCUMENT_NODE:
-               case DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
-                       var child = node.firstChild;
-                       while(child){
-                               serializeToString(child,buf,isHTML,nodeFilter,visibleNamespaces);
-                               child = child.nextSibling;
-                       }
-                       return;
-               case ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
-                       return buf.push(' ',node.name,'="',node.value.replace(/[<&"]/g,_xmlEncoder),'"');
-               case TEXT_NODE:
-                       return buf.push(node.data.replace(/[<&]/g,_xmlEncoder));
-               case CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
-                       return buf.push( '<![CDATA[',node.data,']]>');
-               case COMMENT_NODE:
-                       return buf.push( "<!--",node.data,"-->");
-               case DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
-                       var pubid = node.publicId;
-                       var sysid = node.systemId;
-                       buf.push('<!DOCTYPE ',node.name);
-                       if(pubid){
-                               buf.push(' PUBLIC "',pubid);
-                               if (sysid && sysid!='.') {
-                                       buf.push( '" "',sysid);
-                               }
-                               buf.push('">');
-                       }else if(sysid && sysid!='.'){
-                               buf.push(' SYSTEM "',sysid,'">');
-                       }else {
-                               var sub = node.internalSubset;
-                               if(sub){
-                                       buf.push(" [",sub,"]");
-                               }
-                               buf.push(">");
-                       }
-                       return;
-               case PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE:
-                       return buf.push( "<?",node.target," ",node.data,"?>");
-               case ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE:
-                       return buf.push( '&',node.nodeName,';');
-               //case ENTITY_NODE:
-               //case NOTATION_NODE:
-               default:
-                       buf.push('??',node.nodeName);
-               }
-       }
-       function importNode(doc,node,deep){
-               var node2;
-               switch (node.nodeType) {
-               case ELEMENT_NODE:
-                       node2 = node.cloneNode(false);
-                       node2.ownerDocument = doc;
-                       //var attrs = node2.attributes;
-                       //var len = attrs.length;
-                       //for(var i=0;i<len;i++){
-                               //node2.setAttributeNodeNS(importNode(doc,attrs.item(i),deep));
-                       //}
-               case DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
-                       break;
-               case ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
-                       deep = true;
-                       break;
-               //case ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE:
-               //case PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE:
-               ////case TEXT_NODE:
-               //case CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
-               //case COMMENT_NODE:
-               //      deep = false;
-               //      break;
-               //case DOCUMENT_NODE:
-               //case DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
-               //cannot be imported.
-               //case ENTITY_NODE:
-               //case NOTATION_NODE:
-               //can not hit in level3
-               //default:throw e;
-               }
-               if(!node2){
-                       node2 = node.cloneNode(false);//false
-               }
-               node2.ownerDocument = doc;
-               node2.parentNode = null;
-               if(deep){
-                       var child = node.firstChild;
-                       while(child){
-                               node2.appendChild(importNode(doc,child,deep));
-                               child = child.nextSibling;
-                       }
-               }
-               return node2;
-       }
-       //
-       //var _relationMap = {firstChild:1,lastChild:1,previousSibling:1,nextSibling:1,
-       //                                      attributes:1,childNodes:1,parentNode:1,documentElement:1,doctype,};
-       function cloneNode(doc,node,deep){
-               var node2 = new node.constructor();
-               for(var n in node){
-                       var v = node[n];
-                       if(typeof v != 'object' ){
-                               if(v != node2[n]){
-                                       node2[n] = v;
-                               }
-                       }
-               }
-               if(node.childNodes){
-                       node2.childNodes = new NodeList();
-               }
-               node2.ownerDocument = doc;
-               switch (node2.nodeType) {
-               case ELEMENT_NODE:
-                       var attrs       = node.attributes;
-                       var attrs2      = node2.attributes = new NamedNodeMap();
-                       var len = attrs.length;
-                       attrs2._ownerElement = node2;
-                       for(var i=0;i<len;i++){
-                               node2.setAttributeNode(cloneNode(doc,attrs.item(i),true));
-                       }
-                       break;  case ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
-                       deep = true;
-               }
-               if(deep){
-                       var child = node.firstChild;
-                       while(child){
-                               node2.appendChild(cloneNode(doc,child,deep));
-                               child = child.nextSibling;
-                       }
-               }
-               return node2;
-       }
-
-       function __set__(object,key,value){
-               object[key] = value;
-       }
-       //do dynamic
-       try{
-               if(Object.defineProperty){
-                       Object.defineProperty(LiveNodeList.prototype,'length',{
-                               get:function(){
-                                       _updateLiveList(this);
-                                       return this.$$length;
-                               }
-                       });
-                       Object.defineProperty(Node.prototype,'textContent',{
-                               get:function(){
-                                       return getTextContent(this);
-                               },
-                               set:function(data){
-                                       switch(this.nodeType){
-                                       case ELEMENT_NODE:
-                                       case DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
-                                               while(this.firstChild){
-                                                       this.removeChild(this.firstChild);
-                                               }
-                                               if(data || String(data)){
-                                                       this.appendChild(this.ownerDocument.createTextNode(data));
-                                               }
-                                               break;
-                                       default:
-                                               //TODO:
-                                               this.data = data;
-                                               this.value = data;
-                                               this.nodeValue = data;
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       });
-                       
-                       function getTextContent(node){
-                               switch(node.nodeType){
-                               case ELEMENT_NODE:
-                               case DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
-                                       var buf = [];
-                                       node = node.firstChild;
-                                       while(node){
-                                               if(node.nodeType!==7 && node.nodeType !==8){
-                                                       buf.push(getTextContent(node));
-                                               }
-                                               node = node.nextSibling;
-                                       }
-                                       return buf.join('');
-                               default:
-                                       return node.nodeValue;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       __set__ = function(object,key,value){
-                               //console.log(value)
-                               object['$$'+key] = value;
-                       };
-               }
-       }catch(e){//ie8
-       }
-
-       //if(typeof require == 'function'){
-               var DOMImplementation_1 = DOMImplementation;
-               var XMLSerializer_1 = XMLSerializer$1;
-       //}
-
-       var dom = {
-               DOMImplementation: DOMImplementation_1,
-               XMLSerializer: XMLSerializer_1
-       };
+         if (get1(root, "MultiTrack")) {
+           return getGeometry(get1(root, "MultiTrack"));
+         }
 
-       var domParser = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       function DOMParser(options){
-               this.options = options ||{locator:{}};
-               
-       }
-       DOMParser.prototype.parseFromString = function(source,mimeType){
-               var options = this.options;
-               var sax =  new XMLReader();
-               var domBuilder = options.domBuilder || new DOMHandler();//contentHandler and LexicalHandler
-               var errorHandler = options.errorHandler;
-               var locator = options.locator;
-               var defaultNSMap = options.xmlns||{};
-               var entityMap = {'lt':'<','gt':'>','amp':'&','quot':'"','apos':"'"};
-               if(locator){
-                       domBuilder.setDocumentLocator(locator);
-               }
-               
-               sax.errorHandler = buildErrorHandler(errorHandler,domBuilder,locator);
-               sax.domBuilder = options.domBuilder || domBuilder;
-               if(/\/x?html?$/.test(mimeType)){
-                       entityMap.nbsp = '\xa0';
-                       entityMap.copy = '\xa9';
-                       defaultNSMap['']= 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml';
-               }
-               defaultNSMap.xml = defaultNSMap.xml || 'http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace';
-               if(source){
-                       sax.parse(source,defaultNSMap,entityMap);
-               }else {
-                       sax.errorHandler.error("invalid doc source");
-               }
-               return domBuilder.doc;
-       };
-       function buildErrorHandler(errorImpl,domBuilder,locator){
-               if(!errorImpl){
-                       if(domBuilder instanceof DOMHandler){
-                               return domBuilder;
-                       }
-                       errorImpl = domBuilder ;
-               }
-               var errorHandler = {};
-               var isCallback = errorImpl instanceof Function;
-               locator = locator||{};
-               function build(key){
-                       var fn = errorImpl[key];
-                       if(!fn && isCallback){
-                               fn = errorImpl.length == 2?function(msg){errorImpl(key,msg);}:errorImpl;
-                       }
-                       errorHandler[key] = fn && function(msg){
-                               fn('[xmldom '+key+']\t'+msg+_locator(locator));
-                       }||function(){};
-               }
-               build('warning');
-               build('error');
-               build('fatalError');
-               return errorHandler;
-       }
-
-       //console.log('#\n\n\n\n\n\n\n####')
-       /**
-        * +ContentHandler+ErrorHandler
-        * +LexicalHandler+EntityResolver2
-        * -DeclHandler-DTDHandler 
-        * 
-        * DefaultHandler:EntityResolver, DTDHandler, ContentHandler, ErrorHandler
-        * DefaultHandler2:DefaultHandler,LexicalHandler, DeclHandler, EntityResolver2
-        * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/helpers/DefaultHandler.html
-        */
-       function DOMHandler() {
-           this.cdata = false;
-       }
-       function position(locator,node){
-               node.lineNumber = locator.lineNumber;
-               node.columnNumber = locator.columnNumber;
-       }
-       /**
-        * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#startDocument
-        * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/ContentHandler.html
-        */ 
-       DOMHandler.prototype = {
-               startDocument : function() {
-               this.doc = new DOMImplementation().createDocument(null, null, null);
-               if (this.locator) {
-                       this.doc.documentURI = this.locator.systemId;
-               }
-               },
-               startElement:function(namespaceURI, localName, qName, attrs) {
-                       var doc = this.doc;
-                   var el = doc.createElementNS(namespaceURI, qName||localName);
-                   var len = attrs.length;
-                   appendElement(this, el);
-                   this.currentElement = el;
-                   
-                       this.locator && position(this.locator,el);
-                   for (var i = 0 ; i < len; i++) {
-                       var namespaceURI = attrs.getURI(i);
-                       var value = attrs.getValue(i);
-                       var qName = attrs.getQName(i);
-                               var attr = doc.createAttributeNS(namespaceURI, qName);
-                               this.locator &&position(attrs.getLocator(i),attr);
-                               attr.value = attr.nodeValue = value;
-                               el.setAttributeNode(attr);
-                   }
-               },
-               endElement:function(namespaceURI, localName, qName) {
-                       var current = this.currentElement;
-                       var tagName = current.tagName;
-                       this.currentElement = current.parentNode;
-               },
-               startPrefixMapping:function(prefix, uri) {
-               },
-               endPrefixMapping:function(prefix) {
-               },
-               processingInstruction:function(target, data) {
-                   var ins = this.doc.createProcessingInstruction(target, data);
-                   this.locator && position(this.locator,ins);
-                   appendElement(this, ins);
-               },
-               ignorableWhitespace:function(ch, start, length) {
-               },
-               characters:function(chars, start, length) {
-                       chars = _toString.apply(this,arguments);
-                       //console.log(chars)
-                       if(chars){
-                               if (this.cdata) {
-                                       var charNode = this.doc.createCDATASection(chars);
-                               } else {
-                                       var charNode = this.doc.createTextNode(chars);
-                               }
-                               if(this.currentElement){
-                                       this.currentElement.appendChild(charNode);
-                               }else if(/^\s*$/.test(chars)){
-                                       this.doc.appendChild(charNode);
-                                       //process xml
-                               }
-                               this.locator && position(this.locator,charNode);
-                       }
-               },
-               skippedEntity:function(name) {
-               },
-               endDocument:function() {
-                       this.doc.normalize();
-               },
-               setDocumentLocator:function (locator) {
-                   if(this.locator = locator){// && !('lineNumber' in locator)){
-                       locator.lineNumber = 0;
-                   }
-               },
-               //LexicalHandler
-               comment:function(chars, start, length) {
-                       chars = _toString.apply(this,arguments);
-                   var comm = this.doc.createComment(chars);
-                   this.locator && position(this.locator,comm);
-                   appendElement(this, comm);
-               },
-               
-               startCDATA:function() {
-                   //used in characters() methods
-                   this.cdata = true;
-               },
-               endCDATA:function() {
-                   this.cdata = false;
-               },
-               
-               startDTD:function(name, publicId, systemId) {
-                       var impl = this.doc.implementation;
-                   if (impl && impl.createDocumentType) {
-                       var dt = impl.createDocumentType(name, publicId, systemId);
-                       this.locator && position(this.locator,dt);
-                       appendElement(this, dt);
-                   }
-               },
-               /**
-                * @see org.xml.sax.ErrorHandler
-                * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/ErrorHandler.html
-                */
-               warning:function(error) {
-                       console.warn('[xmldom warning]\t'+error,_locator(this.locator));
-               },
-               error:function(error) {
-                       console.error('[xmldom error]\t'+error,_locator(this.locator));
-               },
-               fatalError:function(error) {
-                       console.error('[xmldom fatalError]\t'+error,_locator(this.locator));
-                   throw error;
-               }
-       };
-       function _locator(l){
-               if(l){
-                       return '\n@'+(l.systemId ||'')+'#[line:'+l.lineNumber+',col:'+l.columnNumber+']'
-               }
-       }
-       function _toString(chars,start,length){
-               if(typeof chars == 'string'){
-                       return chars.substr(start,length)
-               }else {//java sax connect width xmldom on rhino(what about: "? && !(chars instanceof String)")
-                       if(chars.length >= start+length || start){
-                               return new java.lang.String(chars,start,length)+'';
-                       }
-                       return chars;
-               }
-       }
+         if (get1(root, "gx:MultiTrack")) {
+           return getGeometry(get1(root, "gx:MultiTrack"));
+         }
 
-       /*
-        * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/ext/LexicalHandler.html
-        * used method of org.xml.sax.ext.LexicalHandler:
-        *  #comment(chars, start, length)
-        *  #startCDATA()
-        *  #endCDATA()
-        *  #startDTD(name, publicId, systemId)
-        *
-        *
-        * IGNORED method of org.xml.sax.ext.LexicalHandler:
-        *  #endDTD()
-        *  #startEntity(name)
-        *  #endEntity(name)
-        *
-        *
-        * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/ext/DeclHandler.html
-        * IGNORED method of org.xml.sax.ext.DeclHandler
-        *      #attributeDecl(eName, aName, type, mode, value)
-        *  #elementDecl(name, model)
-        *  #externalEntityDecl(name, publicId, systemId)
-        *  #internalEntityDecl(name, value)
-        * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/ext/EntityResolver2.html
-        * IGNORED method of org.xml.sax.EntityResolver2
-        *  #resolveEntity(String name,String publicId,String baseURI,String systemId)
-        *  #resolveEntity(publicId, systemId)
-        *  #getExternalSubset(name, baseURI)
-        * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/DTDHandler.html
-        * IGNORED method of org.xml.sax.DTDHandler
-        *  #notationDecl(name, publicId, systemId) {};
-        *  #unparsedEntityDecl(name, publicId, systemId, notationName) {};
-        */
-       "endDTD,startEntity,endEntity,attributeDecl,elementDecl,externalEntityDecl,internalEntityDecl,resolveEntity,getExternalSubset,notationDecl,unparsedEntityDecl".replace(/\w+/g,function(key){
-               DOMHandler.prototype[key] = function(){return null};
-       });
+         for (i = 0; i < geotypes.length; i++) {
+           geomNodes = root.getElementsByTagName(geotypes[i]);
 
-       /* Private static helpers treated below as private instance methods, so don't need to add these to the public API; we might use a Relator to also get rid of non-standard public properties */
-       function appendElement (hander,node) {
-           if (!hander.currentElement) {
-               hander.doc.appendChild(node);
-           } else {
-               hander.currentElement.appendChild(node);
-           }
-       }//appendChild and setAttributeNS are preformance key
+           if (geomNodes) {
+             for (j = 0; j < geomNodes.length; j++) {
+               geomNode = geomNodes[j];
 
-       //if(typeof require == 'function'){
-               var XMLReader = sax.XMLReader;
-               var DOMImplementation = exports.DOMImplementation = dom.DOMImplementation;
-               exports.XMLSerializer = dom.XMLSerializer ;
-               exports.DOMParser = DOMParser;
-       //}
-       });
+               if (geotypes[i] === "Point") {
+                 geoms.push({
+                   type: "Point",
+                   coordinates: coord1(nodeVal(get1(geomNode, "coordinates")))
+                 });
+               } else if (geotypes[i] === "LineString") {
+                 geoms.push({
+                   type: "LineString",
+                   coordinates: coord(nodeVal(get1(geomNode, "coordinates")))
+                 });
+               } else if (geotypes[i] === "Polygon") {
+                 var rings = geomNode.getElementsByTagName("LinearRing"),
+                     coords = [];
 
-       var togeojson = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
-       var toGeoJSON = (function() {
-
-           var removeSpace = /\s*/g,
-               trimSpace = /^\s*|\s*$/g,
-               splitSpace = /\s+/;
-           // generate a short, numeric hash of a string
-           function okhash(x) {
-               if (!x || !x.length) return 0;
-               for (var i = 0, h = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
-                   h = ((h << 5) - h) + x.charCodeAt(i) | 0;
-               } return h;
-           }
-           // all Y children of X
-           function get(x, y) { return x.getElementsByTagName(y); }
-           function attr(x, y) { return x.getAttribute(y); }
-           function attrf(x, y) { return parseFloat(attr(x, y)); }
-           // one Y child of X, if any, otherwise null
-           function get1(x, y) { var n = get(x, y); return n.length ? n[0] : null; }
-           // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Node.normalize
-           function norm(el) { if (el.normalize) { el.normalize(); } return el; }
-           // cast array x into numbers
-           function numarray(x) {
-               for (var j = 0, o = []; j < x.length; j++) { o[j] = parseFloat(x[j]); }
-               return o;
-           }
-           // get the content of a text node, if any
-           function nodeVal(x) {
-               if (x) { norm(x); }
-               return (x && x.textContent) || '';
-           }
-           // get the contents of multiple text nodes, if present
-           function getMulti(x, ys) {
-               var o = {}, n, k;
-               for (k = 0; k < ys.length; k++) {
-                   n = get1(x, ys[k]);
-                   if (n) o[ys[k]] = nodeVal(n);
-               }
-               return o;
-           }
-           // add properties of Y to X, overwriting if present in both
-           function extend(x, y) { for (var k in y) x[k] = y[k]; }
-           // get one coordinate from a coordinate array, if any
-           function coord1(v) { return numarray(v.replace(removeSpace, '').split(',')); }
-           // get all coordinates from a coordinate array as [[],[]]
-           function coord(v) {
-               var coords = v.replace(trimSpace, '').split(splitSpace),
-                   o = [];
-               for (var i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
-                   o.push(coord1(coords[i]));
-               }
-               return o;
-           }
-           function coordPair(x) {
-               var ll = [attrf(x, 'lon'), attrf(x, 'lat')],
-                   ele = get1(x, 'ele'),
-                   // handle namespaced attribute in browser
-                   heartRate = get1(x, 'gpxtpx:hr') || get1(x, 'hr'),
-                   time = get1(x, 'time'),
-                   e;
-               if (ele) {
-                   e = parseFloat(nodeVal(ele));
-                   if (!isNaN(e)) {
-                       ll.push(e);
-                   }
-               }
-               return {
-                   coordinates: ll,
-                   time: time ? nodeVal(time) : null,
-                   heartRate: heartRate ? parseFloat(nodeVal(heartRate)) : null
-               };
-           }
+                 for (k = 0; k < rings.length; k++) {
+                   coords.push(coord(nodeVal(get1(rings[k], "coordinates"))));
+                 }
 
-           // create a new feature collection parent object
-           function fc() {
-               return {
-                   type: 'FeatureCollection',
-                   features: []
-               };
+                 geoms.push({
+                   type: "Polygon",
+                   coordinates: coords
+                 });
+               } else if (geotypes[i] === "Track" || geotypes[i] === "gx:Track") {
+                 var track = gxCoords(geomNode);
+                 geoms.push({
+                   type: "LineString",
+                   coordinates: track.coords
+                 });
+                 if (track.times.length) coordTimes.push(track.times);
+               }
+             }
            }
+         }
 
-           var serializer;
-           if (typeof XMLSerializer !== 'undefined') {
-               /* istanbul ignore next */
-               serializer = new XMLSerializer();
-           // only require xmldom in a node environment
-           } else if ( typeof process === 'object' && !process.browser) {
-               serializer = new (domParser.XMLSerializer)();
-           }
-           function xml2str(str) {
-               // IE9 will create a new XMLSerializer but it'll crash immediately.
-               // This line is ignored because we don't run coverage tests in IE9
-               /* istanbul ignore next */
-               if (str.xml !== undefined) return str.xml;
-               return serializer.serializeToString(str);
-           }
-
-           var t = {
-               kml: function(doc) {
-
-                   var gj = fc(),
-                       // styleindex keeps track of hashed styles in order to match features
-                       styleIndex = {}, styleByHash = {},
-                       // stylemapindex keeps track of style maps to expose in properties
-                       styleMapIndex = {},
-                       // atomic geospatial types supported by KML - MultiGeometry is
-                       // handled separately
-                       geotypes = ['Polygon', 'LineString', 'Point', 'Track', 'gx:Track'],
-                       // all root placemarks in the file
-                       placemarks = get(doc, 'Placemark'),
-                       styles = get(doc, 'Style'),
-                       styleMaps = get(doc, 'StyleMap');
-
-                   for (var k = 0; k < styles.length; k++) {
-                       var hash = okhash(xml2str(styles[k])).toString(16);
-                       styleIndex['#' + attr(styles[k], 'id')] = hash;
-                       styleByHash[hash] = styles[k];
-                   }
-                   for (var l = 0; l < styleMaps.length; l++) {
-                       styleIndex['#' + attr(styleMaps[l], 'id')] = okhash(xml2str(styleMaps[l])).toString(16);
-                       var pairs = get(styleMaps[l], 'Pair');
-                       var pairsMap = {};
-                       for (var m = 0; m < pairs.length; m++) {
-                           pairsMap[nodeVal(get1(pairs[m], 'key'))] = nodeVal(get1(pairs[m], 'styleUrl'));
-                       }
-                       styleMapIndex['#' + attr(styleMaps[l], 'id')] = pairsMap;
+         return {
+           geoms: geoms,
+           coordTimes: coordTimes
+         };
+       }
 
-                   }
-                   for (var j = 0; j < placemarks.length; j++) {
-                       gj.features = gj.features.concat(getPlacemark(placemarks[j]));
-                   }
-                   function kmlColor(v) {
-                       var color, opacity;
-                       v = v || '';
-                       if (v.substr(0, 1) === '#') { v = v.substr(1); }
-                       if (v.length === 6 || v.length === 3) { color = v; }
-                       if (v.length === 8) {
-                           opacity = parseInt(v.substr(0, 2), 16) / 255;
-                           color = '#' + v.substr(6, 2) +
-                               v.substr(4, 2) +
-                               v.substr(2, 2);
-                       }
-                       return [color, isNaN(opacity) ? undefined : opacity];
-                   }
-                   function gxCoord(v) { return numarray(v.split(' ')); }
-                   function gxCoords(root) {
-                       var elems = get(root, 'coord'), coords = [], times = [];
-                       if (elems.length === 0) elems = get(root, 'gx:coord');
-                       for (var i = 0; i < elems.length; i++) coords.push(gxCoord(nodeVal(elems[i])));
-                       var timeElems = get(root, 'when');
-                       for (var j = 0; j < timeElems.length; j++) times.push(nodeVal(timeElems[j]));
-                       return {
-                           coords: coords,
-                           times: times
-                       };
-                   }
-                   function getGeometry(root) {
-                       var geomNode, geomNodes, i, j, k, geoms = [], coordTimes = [];
-                       if (get1(root, 'MultiGeometry')) { return getGeometry(get1(root, 'MultiGeometry')); }
-                       if (get1(root, 'MultiTrack')) { return getGeometry(get1(root, 'MultiTrack')); }
-                       if (get1(root, 'gx:MultiTrack')) { return getGeometry(get1(root, 'gx:MultiTrack')); }
-                       for (i = 0; i < geotypes.length; i++) {
-                           geomNodes = get(root, geotypes[i]);
-                           if (geomNodes) {
-                               for (j = 0; j < geomNodes.length; j++) {
-                                   geomNode = geomNodes[j];
-                                   if (geotypes[i] === 'Point') {
-                                       geoms.push({
-                                           type: 'Point',
-                                           coordinates: coord1(nodeVal(get1(geomNode, 'coordinates')))
-                                       });
-                                   } else if (geotypes[i] === 'LineString') {
-                                       geoms.push({
-                                           type: 'LineString',
-                                           coordinates: coord(nodeVal(get1(geomNode, 'coordinates')))
-                                       });
-                                   } else if (geotypes[i] === 'Polygon') {
-                                       var rings = get(geomNode, 'LinearRing'),
-                                           coords = [];
-                                       for (k = 0; k < rings.length; k++) {
-                                           coords.push(coord(nodeVal(get1(rings[k], 'coordinates'))));
-                                       }
-                                       geoms.push({
-                                           type: 'Polygon',
-                                           coordinates: coords
-                                       });
-                                   } else if (geotypes[i] === 'Track' ||
-                                       geotypes[i] === 'gx:Track') {
-                                       var track = gxCoords(geomNode);
-                                       geoms.push({
-                                           type: 'LineString',
-                                           coordinates: track.coords
-                                       });
-                                       if (track.times.length) coordTimes.push(track.times);
-                                   }
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                       return {
-                           geoms: geoms,
-                           coordTimes: coordTimes
-                       };
-                   }
-                   function getPlacemark(root) {
-                       var geomsAndTimes = getGeometry(root), i, properties = {},
-                           name = nodeVal(get1(root, 'name')),
-                           address = nodeVal(get1(root, 'address')),
-                           styleUrl = nodeVal(get1(root, 'styleUrl')),
-                           description = nodeVal(get1(root, 'description')),
-                           timeSpan = get1(root, 'TimeSpan'),
-                           timeStamp = get1(root, 'TimeStamp'),
-                           extendedData = get1(root, 'ExtendedData'),
-                           lineStyle = get1(root, 'LineStyle'),
-                           polyStyle = get1(root, 'PolyStyle'),
-                           visibility = get1(root, 'visibility');
-
-                       if (!geomsAndTimes.geoms.length) return [];
-                       if (name) properties.name = name;
-                       if (address) properties.address = address;
-                       if (styleUrl) {
-                           if (styleUrl[0] !== '#') {
-                               styleUrl = '#' + styleUrl;
-                           }
+       function getPlacemark(root, styleIndex, styleMapIndex, styleByHash) {
+         var geomsAndTimes = getGeometry(root);
+         var i;
+         var properties = {};
+         var name = nodeVal(get1(root, "name"));
+         var address = nodeVal(get1(root, "address"));
+         var styleUrl = nodeVal(get1(root, "styleUrl"));
+         var description = nodeVal(get1(root, "description"));
+         var timeSpan = get1(root, "TimeSpan");
+         var timeStamp = get1(root, "TimeStamp");
+         var extendedData = get1(root, "ExtendedData");
+         var iconStyle = get1(root, "IconStyle");
+         var labelStyle = get1(root, "LabelStyle");
+         var lineStyle = get1(root, "LineStyle");
+         var polyStyle = get1(root, "PolyStyle");
+         var visibility = get1(root, "visibility");
+         if (name) properties.name = name;
+         if (address) properties.address = address;
 
-                           properties.styleUrl = styleUrl;
-                           if (styleIndex[styleUrl]) {
-                               properties.styleHash = styleIndex[styleUrl];
-                           }
-                           if (styleMapIndex[styleUrl]) {
-                               properties.styleMapHash = styleMapIndex[styleUrl];
-                               properties.styleHash = styleIndex[styleMapIndex[styleUrl].normal];
-                           }
-                           // Try to populate the lineStyle or polyStyle since we got the style hash
-                           var style = styleByHash[properties.styleHash];
-                           if (style) {
-                               if (!lineStyle) lineStyle = get1(style, 'LineStyle');
-                               if (!polyStyle) polyStyle = get1(style, 'PolyStyle');
-                           }
-                       }
-                       if (description) properties.description = description;
-                       if (timeSpan) {
-                           var begin = nodeVal(get1(timeSpan, 'begin'));
-                           var end = nodeVal(get1(timeSpan, 'end'));
-                           properties.timespan = { begin: begin, end: end };
-                       }
-                       if (timeStamp) {
-                           properties.timestamp = nodeVal(get1(timeStamp, 'when'));
-                       }
-                       if (lineStyle) {
-                           var linestyles = kmlColor(nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, 'color'))),
-                               color = linestyles[0],
-                               opacity = linestyles[1],
-                               width = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, 'width')));
-                           if (color) properties.stroke = color;
-                           if (!isNaN(opacity)) properties['stroke-opacity'] = opacity;
-                           if (!isNaN(width)) properties['stroke-width'] = width;
-                       }
-                       if (polyStyle) {
-                           var polystyles = kmlColor(nodeVal(get1(polyStyle, 'color'))),
-                               pcolor = polystyles[0],
-                               popacity = polystyles[1],
-                               fill = nodeVal(get1(polyStyle, 'fill')),
-                               outline = nodeVal(get1(polyStyle, 'outline'));
-                           if (pcolor) properties.fill = pcolor;
-                           if (!isNaN(popacity)) properties['fill-opacity'] = popacity;
-                           if (fill) properties['fill-opacity'] = fill === '1' ? properties['fill-opacity'] || 1 : 0;
-                           if (outline) properties['stroke-opacity'] = outline === '1' ? properties['stroke-opacity'] || 1 : 0;
-                       }
-                       if (extendedData) {
-                           var datas = get(extendedData, 'Data'),
-                               simpleDatas = get(extendedData, 'SimpleData');
+         if (styleUrl) {
+           if (styleUrl[0] !== "#") {
+             styleUrl = "#" + styleUrl;
+           }
 
-                           for (i = 0; i < datas.length; i++) {
-                               properties[datas[i].getAttribute('name')] = nodeVal(get1(datas[i], 'value'));
-                           }
-                           for (i = 0; i < simpleDatas.length; i++) {
-                               properties[simpleDatas[i].getAttribute('name')] = nodeVal(simpleDatas[i]);
-                           }
-                       }
-                       if (visibility) {
-                           properties.visibility = nodeVal(visibility);
-                       }
-                       if (geomsAndTimes.coordTimes.length) {
-                           properties.coordTimes = (geomsAndTimes.coordTimes.length === 1) ?
-                               geomsAndTimes.coordTimes[0] : geomsAndTimes.coordTimes;
-                       }
-                       var feature = {
-                           type: 'Feature',
-                           geometry: (geomsAndTimes.geoms.length === 1) ? geomsAndTimes.geoms[0] : {
-                               type: 'GeometryCollection',
-                               geometries: geomsAndTimes.geoms
-                           },
-                           properties: properties
-                       };
-                       if (attr(root, 'id')) feature.id = attr(root, 'id');
-                       return [feature];
-                   }
-                   return gj;
-               },
-               gpx: function(doc) {
-                   var i,
-                       tracks = get(doc, 'trk'),
-                       routes = get(doc, 'rte'),
-                       waypoints = get(doc, 'wpt'),
-                       // a feature collection
-                       gj = fc(),
-                       feature;
-                   for (i = 0; i < tracks.length; i++) {
-                       feature = getTrack(tracks[i]);
-                       if (feature) gj.features.push(feature);
-                   }
-                   for (i = 0; i < routes.length; i++) {
-                       feature = getRoute(routes[i]);
-                       if (feature) gj.features.push(feature);
-                   }
-                   for (i = 0; i < waypoints.length; i++) {
-                       gj.features.push(getPoint(waypoints[i]));
-                   }
-                   function getPoints(node, pointname) {
-                       var pts = get(node, pointname),
-                           line = [],
-                           times = [],
-                           heartRates = [],
-                           l = pts.length;
-                       if (l < 2) return {};  // Invalid line in GeoJSON
-                       for (var i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-                           var c = coordPair(pts[i]);
-                           line.push(c.coordinates);
-                           if (c.time) times.push(c.time);
-                           if (c.heartRate) heartRates.push(c.heartRate);
-                       }
-                       return {
-                           line: line,
-                           times: times,
-                           heartRates: heartRates
-                       };
-                   }
-                   function getTrack(node) {
-                       var segments = get(node, 'trkseg'),
-                           track = [],
-                           times = [],
-                           heartRates = [],
-                           line;
-                       for (var i = 0; i < segments.length; i++) {
-                           line = getPoints(segments[i], 'trkpt');
-                           if (line) {
-                               if (line.line) track.push(line.line);
-                               if (line.times && line.times.length) times.push(line.times);
-                               if (line.heartRates && line.heartRates.length) heartRates.push(line.heartRates);
-                           }
-                       }
-                       if (track.length === 0) return;
-                       var properties = getProperties(node);
-                       extend(properties, getLineStyle(get1(node, 'extensions')));
-                       if (times.length) properties.coordTimes = track.length === 1 ? times[0] : times;
-                       if (heartRates.length) properties.heartRates = track.length === 1 ? heartRates[0] : heartRates;
-                       return {
-                           type: 'Feature',
-                           properties: properties,
-                           geometry: {
-                               type: track.length === 1 ? 'LineString' : 'MultiLineString',
-                               coordinates: track.length === 1 ? track[0] : track
-                           }
-                       };
-                   }
-                   function getRoute(node) {
-                       var line = getPoints(node, 'rtept');
-                       if (!line.line) return;
-                       var prop = getProperties(node);
-                       extend(prop, getLineStyle(get1(node, 'extensions')));
-                       var routeObj = {
-                           type: 'Feature',
-                           properties: prop,
-                           geometry: {
-                               type: 'LineString',
-                               coordinates: line.line
-                           }
-                       };
-                       return routeObj;
-                   }
-                   function getPoint(node) {
-                       var prop = getProperties(node);
-                       extend(prop, getMulti(node, ['sym']));
-                       return {
-                           type: 'Feature',
-                           properties: prop,
-                           geometry: {
-                               type: 'Point',
-                               coordinates: coordPair(node).coordinates
-                           }
-                       };
-                   }
-                   function getLineStyle(extensions) {
-                       var style = {};
-                       if (extensions) {
-                           var lineStyle = get1(extensions, 'line');
-                           if (lineStyle) {
-                               var color = nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, 'color')),
-                                   opacity = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, 'opacity'))),
-                                   width = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, 'width')));
-                               if (color) style.stroke = color;
-                               if (!isNaN(opacity)) style['stroke-opacity'] = opacity;
-                               // GPX width is in mm, convert to px with 96 px per inch
-                               if (!isNaN(width)) style['stroke-width'] = width * 96 / 25.4;
-                           }
-                       }
-                       return style;
-                   }
-                   function getProperties(node) {
-                       var prop = getMulti(node, ['name', 'cmt', 'desc', 'type', 'time', 'keywords']),
-                           links = get(node, 'link');
-                       if (links.length) prop.links = [];
-                       for (var i = 0, link; i < links.length; i++) {
-                           link = { href: attr(links[i], 'href') };
-                           extend(link, getMulti(links[i], ['text', 'type']));
-                           prop.links.push(link);
-                       }
-                       return prop;
-                   }
-                   return gj;
-               }
-           };
-           return t;
-       })();
+           properties.styleUrl = styleUrl;
 
-       module.exports = toGeoJSON;
-       });
+           if (styleIndex[styleUrl]) {
+             properties.styleHash = styleIndex[styleUrl];
+           }
 
-       var _initialized = false;
-       var _enabled = false;
-       var _geojson;
+           if (styleMapIndex[styleUrl]) {
+             properties.styleMapHash = styleMapIndex[styleUrl];
+             properties.styleHash = styleIndex[styleMapIndex[styleUrl].normal];
+           } // Try to populate the lineStyle or polyStyle since we got the style hash
 
 
-       function svgData(projection, context, dispatch) {
-           var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { dispatch.call('change'); }, 1000);
-           var _showLabels = true;
-           var detected = utilDetect();
-           var layer = select(null);
-           var _vtService;
-           var _fileList;
-           var _template;
-           var _src;
+           var style = styleByHash[properties.styleHash];
 
+           if (style) {
+             if (!iconStyle) iconStyle = get1(style, "IconStyle");
+             if (!labelStyle) labelStyle = get1(style, "LabelStyle");
+             if (!lineStyle) lineStyle = get1(style, "LineStyle");
+             if (!polyStyle) polyStyle = get1(style, "PolyStyle");
+           }
+         }
 
-           function init() {
-               if (_initialized) return;  // run once
+         if (description) properties.description = description;
 
-               _geojson = {};
-               _enabled = true;
+         if (timeSpan) {
+           var begin = nodeVal(get1(timeSpan, "begin"));
+           var end = nodeVal(get1(timeSpan, "end"));
+           properties.timespan = {
+             begin: begin,
+             end: end
+           };
+         }
 
-               function over() {
-                   event.stopPropagation();
-                   event.preventDefault();
-                   event.dataTransfer.dropEffect = 'copy';
-               }
+         if (timeStamp) {
+           properties.timestamp = nodeVal(get1(timeStamp, "when"));
+         }
 
-               context.container()
-                   .attr('dropzone', 'copy')
-                   .on('drop.svgData', function() {
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       if (!detected.filedrop) return;
-                       drawData.fileList(event.dataTransfer.files);
-                   })
-                   .on('dragenter.svgData', over)
-                   .on('dragexit.svgData', over)
-                   .on('dragover.svgData', over);
+         if (iconStyle) {
+           kmlColor(properties, iconStyle, "icon");
+           numericProperty(properties, iconStyle, "scale", "icon-scale");
+           numericProperty(properties, iconStyle, "heading", "icon-heading");
+           var hotspot = get1(iconStyle, "hotSpot");
 
-               _initialized = true;
+           if (hotspot) {
+             var left = parseFloat(hotspot.getAttribute("x"));
+             var top = parseFloat(hotspot.getAttribute("y"));
+             if (!isNaN(left) && !isNaN(top)) properties["icon-offset"] = [left, top];
            }
 
+           var icon = get1(iconStyle, "Icon");
 
-           function getService() {
-               if (services.vectorTile && !_vtService) {
-                   _vtService = services.vectorTile;
-                   _vtService.event.on('loadedData', throttledRedraw);
-               } else if (!services.vectorTile && _vtService) {
-                   _vtService = null;
-               }
-
-               return _vtService;
+           if (icon) {
+             var href = nodeVal(get1(icon, "href"));
+             if (href) properties.icon = href;
            }
+         }
 
+         if (labelStyle) {
+           kmlColor(properties, labelStyle, "label");
+           numericProperty(properties, labelStyle, "scale", "label-scale");
+         }
 
-           function showLayer() {
-               layerOn();
-
-               layer
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(250)
-                   .style('opacity', 1)
-                   .on('end', function () { dispatch.call('change'); });
-           }
+         if (lineStyle) {
+           kmlColor(properties, lineStyle, "stroke");
+           numericProperty(properties, lineStyle, "width", "stroke-width");
+         }
 
+         if (polyStyle) {
+           kmlColor(properties, polyStyle, "fill");
+           var fill = nodeVal(get1(polyStyle, "fill"));
+           var outline = nodeVal(get1(polyStyle, "outline"));
+           if (fill) properties["fill-opacity"] = fill === "1" ? properties["fill-opacity"] || 1 : 0;
+           if (outline) properties["stroke-opacity"] = outline === "1" ? properties["stroke-opacity"] || 1 : 0;
+         }
 
-           function hideLayer() {
-               throttledRedraw.cancel();
+         if (extendedData) {
+           var datas = extendedData.getElementsByTagName("Data"),
+               simpleDatas = extendedData.getElementsByTagName("SimpleData");
 
-               layer
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(250)
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .on('end', layerOff);
+           for (i = 0; i < datas.length; i++) {
+             properties[datas[i].getAttribute("name")] = nodeVal(get1(datas[i], "value"));
            }
 
-
-           function layerOn() {
-               layer.style('display', 'block');
+           for (i = 0; i < simpleDatas.length; i++) {
+             properties[simpleDatas[i].getAttribute("name")] = nodeVal(simpleDatas[i]);
            }
+         }
 
+         if (visibility) {
+           properties.visibility = nodeVal(visibility);
+         }
 
-           function layerOff() {
-               layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
-               layer.style('display', 'none');
-           }
+         if (geomsAndTimes.coordTimes.length) {
+           properties.coordinateProperties = {
+             times: geomsAndTimes.coordTimes.length === 1 ? geomsAndTimes.coordTimes[0] : geomsAndTimes.coordTimes
+           };
+         }
 
+         var feature = {
+           type: "Feature",
+           geometry: geomsAndTimes.geoms.length === 0 ? null : geomsAndTimes.geoms.length === 1 ? geomsAndTimes.geoms[0] : {
+             type: "GeometryCollection",
+             geometries: geomsAndTimes.geoms
+           },
+           properties: properties
+         };
+         if (root.getAttribute("id")) feature.id = root.getAttribute("id");
+         return feature;
+       }
 
-           // ensure that all geojson features in a collection have IDs
-           function ensureIDs(gj) {
-               if (!gj) return null;
+       function kmlGen(doc) {
+         var styleIndex, styleByHash, styleMapIndex, placemarks, styles, styleMaps, k, hash, l, pairs, pairsMap, m, j, feature;
+         return regeneratorRuntime.wrap(function kmlGen$(_context3) {
+           while (1) {
+             switch (_context3.prev = _context3.next) {
+               case 0:
+                 // styleindex keeps track of hashed styles in order to match feature
+                 styleIndex = {};
+                 styleByHash = {}; // stylemapindex keeps track of style maps to expose in properties
 
-               if (gj.type === 'FeatureCollection') {
-                   for (var i = 0; i < gj.features.length; i++) {
-                       ensureFeatureID(gj.features[i]);
-                   }
-               } else {
-                   ensureFeatureID(gj);
-               }
-               return gj;
-           }
+                 styleMapIndex = {}; // atomic geospatial types supported by KML - MultiGeometry is
+                 // handled separately
+                 // all root placemarks in the file
 
+                 placemarks = doc.getElementsByTagName("Placemark");
+                 styles = doc.getElementsByTagName("Style");
+                 styleMaps = doc.getElementsByTagName("StyleMap");
 
-           // ensure that each single Feature object has a unique ID
-           function ensureFeatureID(feature) {
-               if (!feature) return;
-               feature.__featurehash__ = utilHashcode(fastJsonStableStringify(feature));
-               return feature;
-           }
+                 for (k = 0; k < styles.length; k++) {
+                   hash = okhash(xml2str(styles[k])).toString(16);
+                   styleIndex["#" + styles[k].getAttribute("id")] = hash;
+                   styleByHash[hash] = styles[k];
+                 }
 
+                 for (l = 0; l < styleMaps.length; l++) {
+                   styleIndex["#" + styleMaps[l].getAttribute("id")] = okhash(xml2str(styleMaps[l])).toString(16);
+                   pairs = styleMaps[l].getElementsByTagName("Pair");
+                   pairsMap = {};
 
-           // Prefer an array of Features instead of a FeatureCollection
-           function getFeatures(gj) {
-               if (!gj) return [];
+                   for (m = 0; m < pairs.length; m++) {
+                     pairsMap[nodeVal(get1(pairs[m], "key"))] = nodeVal(get1(pairs[m], "styleUrl"));
+                   }
 
-               if (gj.type === 'FeatureCollection') {
-                   return gj.features;
-               } else {
-                   return [gj];
-               }
-           }
+                   styleMapIndex["#" + styleMaps[l].getAttribute("id")] = pairsMap;
+                 }
 
+                 j = 0;
 
-           function featureKey(d) {
-               return d.__featurehash__;
-           }
+               case 9:
+                 if (!(j < placemarks.length)) {
+                   _context3.next = 17;
+                   break;
+                 }
 
+                 feature = getPlacemark(placemarks[j], styleIndex, styleMapIndex, styleByHash);
 
-           function isPolygon(d) {
-               return d.geometry.type === 'Polygon' || d.geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon';
-           }
+                 if (!feature) {
+                   _context3.next = 14;
+                   break;
+                 }
+
+                 _context3.next = 14;
+                 return feature;
 
+               case 14:
+                 j++;
+                 _context3.next = 9;
+                 break;
 
-           function clipPathID(d) {
-               return 'ideditor-data-' + d.__featurehash__ + '-clippath';
+               case 17:
+               case "end":
+                 return _context3.stop();
+             }
            }
+         }, _marked3);
+       }
 
+       function kml(doc) {
+         return {
+           type: "FeatureCollection",
+           features: Array.from(kmlGen(doc))
+         };
+       }
 
-           function featureClasses(d) {
-               return [
-                   'data' + d.__featurehash__,
-                   d.geometry.type,
-                   isPolygon(d) ? 'area' : '',
-                   d.__layerID__ || ''
-               ].filter(Boolean).join(' ');
-           }
+       var _initialized = false;
+       var _enabled = false;
 
+       var _geojson;
 
-           function drawData(selection) {
-               var vtService = getService();
-               var getPath = svgPath(projection).geojson;
-               var getAreaPath = svgPath(projection, null, true).geojson;
-               var hasData = drawData.hasData();
+       function svgData(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
-               layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapdata')
-                   .data(_enabled && hasData ? [0] : []);
+         var _showLabels = true;
+         var detected = utilDetect();
+         var layer = select(null);
 
-               layer.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         var _vtService;
 
-               layer = layer.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-mapdata')
-                   .merge(layer);
+         var _fileList;
 
-               var surface = context.surface();
-               if (!surface || surface.empty()) return;  // not ready to draw yet, starting up
+         var _template;
 
+         var _src;
 
-               // Gather data
-               var geoData, polygonData;
-               if (_template && vtService) {   // fetch data from vector tile service
-                   var sourceID = _template;
-                   vtService.loadTiles(sourceID, _template, projection);
-                   geoData = vtService.data(sourceID, projection);
-               } else {
-                   geoData = getFeatures(_geojson);
-               }
-               geoData = geoData.filter(getPath);
-               polygonData = geoData.filter(isPolygon);
+         function init() {
+           if (_initialized) return; // run once
 
+           _geojson = {};
+           _enabled = true;
 
-               // Draw clip paths for polygons
-               var clipPaths = surface.selectAll('defs').selectAll('.clipPath-data')
-                  .data(polygonData, featureKey);
+           function over(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.dataTransfer.dropEffect = 'copy';
+           }
 
-               clipPaths.exit()
-                  .remove();
+           context.container().attr('dropzone', 'copy').on('drop.svgData', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             if (!detected.filedrop) return;
+             drawData.fileList(d3_event.dataTransfer.files);
+           }).on('dragenter.svgData', over).on('dragexit.svgData', over).on('dragover.svgData', over);
+           _initialized = true;
+         }
 
-               var clipPathsEnter = clipPaths.enter()
-                  .append('clipPath')
-                  .attr('class', 'clipPath-data')
-                  .attr('id', clipPathID);
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.vectorTile && !_vtService) {
+             _vtService = services.vectorTile;
 
-               clipPathsEnter
-                  .append('path');
+             _vtService.event.on('loadedData', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.vectorTile && _vtService) {
+             _vtService = null;
+           }
 
-               clipPaths.merge(clipPathsEnter)
-                  .selectAll('path')
-                  .attr('d', getAreaPath);
+           return _vtService;
+         }
 
+         function showLayer() {
+           layerOn();
+           layer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end', function () {
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         }
 
-               // Draw fill, shadow, stroke layers
-               var datagroups = layer
-                   .selectAll('g.datagroup')
-                   .data(['fill', 'shadow', 'stroke']);
+         function hideLayer() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end', layerOff);
+         }
 
-               datagroups = datagroups.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'datagroup datagroup-' + d; })
-                   .merge(datagroups);
+         function layerOn() {
+           layer.style('display', 'block');
+         }
 
+         function layerOff() {
+           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
+           layer.style('display', 'none');
+         } // ensure that all geojson features in a collection have IDs
 
-               // Draw paths
-               var pathData = {
-                   fill: polygonData,
-                   shadow: geoData,
-                   stroke: geoData
-               };
 
-               var paths = datagroups
-                   .selectAll('path')
-                   .data(function(layer) { return pathData[layer]; }, featureKey);
-
-               // exit
-               paths.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter/update
-               paths = paths.enter()
-                   .append('path')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) {
-                       var datagroup = this.parentNode.__data__;
-                       return 'pathdata ' + datagroup + ' ' + featureClasses(d);
-                   })
-                   .attr('clip-path', function(d) {
-                       var datagroup = this.parentNode.__data__;
-                       return datagroup === 'fill' ? ('url(#' + clipPathID(d) + ')') : null;
-                   })
-                   .merge(paths)
-                   .attr('d', function(d) {
-                       var datagroup = this.parentNode.__data__;
-                       return datagroup === 'fill' ? getAreaPath(d) : getPath(d);
-                   });
+         function ensureIDs(gj) {
+           if (!gj) return null;
 
+           if (gj.type === 'FeatureCollection') {
+             for (var i = 0; i < gj.features.length; i++) {
+               ensureFeatureID(gj.features[i]);
+             }
+           } else {
+             ensureFeatureID(gj);
+           }
 
-               // Draw labels
-               layer
-                   .call(drawLabels, 'label-halo', geoData)
-                   .call(drawLabels, 'label', geoData);
+           return gj;
+         } // ensure that each single Feature object has a unique ID
 
 
-               function drawLabels(selection, textClass, data) {
-                   var labelPath = d3_geoPath(projection);
-                   var labelData = data.filter(function(d) {
-                       return _showLabels && d.properties && (d.properties.desc || d.properties.name);
-                   });
+         function ensureFeatureID(feature) {
+           if (!feature) return;
+           feature.__featurehash__ = utilHashcode(fastJsonStableStringify(feature));
+           return feature;
+         } // Prefer an array of Features instead of a FeatureCollection
 
-                   var labels = selection.selectAll('text.' + textClass)
-                       .data(labelData, featureKey);
 
-                   // exit
-                   labels.exit()
-                       .remove();
+         function getFeatures(gj) {
+           if (!gj) return [];
 
-                   // enter/update
-                   labels = labels.enter()
-                       .append('text')
-                       .attr('class', function(d) { return textClass + ' ' + featureClasses(d); })
-                       .merge(labels)
-                       .text(function(d) {
-                           return d.properties.desc || d.properties.name;
-                       })
-                       .attr('x', function(d) {
-                           var centroid = labelPath.centroid(d);
-                           return centroid[0] + 11;
-                       })
-                       .attr('y', function(d) {
-                           var centroid = labelPath.centroid(d);
-                           return centroid[1];
-                       });
-               }
+           if (gj.type === 'FeatureCollection') {
+             return gj.features;
+           } else {
+             return [gj];
            }
+         }
 
+         function featureKey(d) {
+           return d.__featurehash__;
+         }
 
-           function getExtension(fileName) {
-               if (!fileName) return;
+         function isPolygon(d) {
+           return d.geometry.type === 'Polygon' || d.geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon';
+         }
 
-               var re = /\.(gpx|kml|(geo)?json)$/i;
-               var match = fileName.toLowerCase().match(re);
-               return match && match.length && match[0];
-           }
+         function clipPathID(d) {
+           return 'ideditor-data-' + d.__featurehash__ + '-clippath';
+         }
+
+         function featureClasses(d) {
+           return ['data' + d.__featurehash__, d.geometry.type, isPolygon(d) ? 'area' : '', d.__layerID__ || ''].filter(Boolean).join(' ');
+         }
 
+         function drawData(selection) {
+           var vtService = getService();
+           var getPath = svgPath(projection).geojson;
+           var getAreaPath = svgPath(projection, null, true).geojson;
+           var hasData = drawData.hasData();
+           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapdata').data(_enabled && hasData ? [0] : []);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           layer = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-mapdata').merge(layer);
+           var surface = context.surface();
+           if (!surface || surface.empty()) return; // not ready to draw yet, starting up
+           // Gather data
 
-           function xmlToDom(textdata) {
-               return (new DOMParser()).parseFromString(textdata, 'text/xml');
-           }
+           var geoData, polygonData;
 
+           if (_template && vtService) {
+             // fetch data from vector tile service
+             var sourceID = _template;
+             vtService.loadTiles(sourceID, _template, projection);
+             geoData = vtService.data(sourceID, projection);
+           } else {
+             geoData = getFeatures(_geojson);
+           }
+
+           geoData = geoData.filter(getPath);
+           polygonData = geoData.filter(isPolygon); // Draw clip paths for polygons
+
+           var clipPaths = surface.selectAll('defs').selectAll('.clipPath-data').data(polygonData, featureKey);
+           clipPaths.exit().remove();
+           var clipPathsEnter = clipPaths.enter().append('clipPath').attr('class', 'clipPath-data').attr('id', clipPathID);
+           clipPathsEnter.append('path');
+           clipPaths.merge(clipPathsEnter).selectAll('path').attr('d', getAreaPath); // Draw fill, shadow, stroke layers
+
+           var datagroups = layer.selectAll('g.datagroup').data(['fill', 'shadow', 'stroke']);
+           datagroups = datagroups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'datagroup datagroup-' + d;
+           }).merge(datagroups); // Draw paths
+
+           var pathData = {
+             fill: polygonData,
+             shadow: geoData,
+             stroke: geoData
+           };
+           var paths = datagroups.selectAll('path').data(function (layer) {
+             return pathData[layer];
+           }, featureKey); // exit
+
+           paths.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+
+           paths = paths.enter().append('path').attr('class', function (d) {
+             var datagroup = this.parentNode.__data__;
+             return 'pathdata ' + datagroup + ' ' + featureClasses(d);
+           }).attr('clip-path', function (d) {
+             var datagroup = this.parentNode.__data__;
+             return datagroup === 'fill' ? 'url(#' + clipPathID(d) + ')' : null;
+           }).merge(paths).attr('d', function (d) {
+             var datagroup = this.parentNode.__data__;
+             return datagroup === 'fill' ? getAreaPath(d) : getPath(d);
+           }); // Draw labels
+
+           layer.call(drawLabels, 'label-halo', geoData).call(drawLabels, 'label', geoData);
+
+           function drawLabels(selection, textClass, data) {
+             var labelPath = d3_geoPath(projection);
+             var labelData = data.filter(function (d) {
+               return _showLabels && d.properties && (d.properties.desc || d.properties.name);
+             });
+             var labels = selection.selectAll('text.' + textClass).data(labelData, featureKey); // exit
+
+             labels.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+
+             labels = labels.enter().append('text').attr('class', function (d) {
+               return textClass + ' ' + featureClasses(d);
+             }).merge(labels).text(function (d) {
+               return d.properties.desc || d.properties.name;
+             }).attr('x', function (d) {
+               var centroid = labelPath.centroid(d);
+               return centroid[0] + 11;
+             }).attr('y', function (d) {
+               var centroid = labelPath.centroid(d);
+               return centroid[1];
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-           drawData.setFile = function(extension, data) {
-               _template = null;
-               _fileList = null;
-               _geojson = null;
-               _src = null;
+         function getExtension(fileName) {
+           if (!fileName) return;
+           var re = /\.(gpx|kml|(geo)?json)$/i;
+           var match = fileName.toLowerCase().match(re);
+           return match && match.length && match[0];
+         }
 
-               var gj;
-               switch (extension) {
-                   case '.gpx':
-                       gj = togeojson.gpx(xmlToDom(data));
-                       break;
-                   case '.kml':
-                       gj = togeojson.kml(xmlToDom(data));
-                       break;
-                   case '.geojson':
-                   case '.json':
-                       gj = JSON.parse(data);
-                       break;
-               }
+         function xmlToDom(textdata) {
+           return new DOMParser().parseFromString(textdata, 'text/xml');
+         }
 
-               gj = gj || {};
-               if (Object.keys(gj).length) {
-                   _geojson = ensureIDs(gj);
-                   _src = extension + ' data file';
-                   this.fitZoom();
-               }
+         function stringifyGeojsonProperties(feature) {
+           var properties = feature.properties;
 
-               dispatch.call('change');
-               return this;
-           };
+           for (var key in properties) {
+             var property = properties[key];
 
+             if (typeof property === 'number' || typeof property === 'boolean' || Array.isArray(property)) {
+               properties[key] = property.toString();
+             } else if (property === null) {
+               properties[key] = 'null';
+             } else if (_typeof(property) === 'object') {
+               properties[key] = JSON.stringify(property);
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-           drawData.showLabels = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _showLabels;
+         drawData.setFile = function (extension, data) {
+           _template = null;
+           _fileList = null;
+           _geojson = null;
+           _src = null;
+           var gj;
 
-               _showLabels = val;
-               return this;
-           };
+           switch (extension) {
+             case '.gpx':
+               gj = gpx(xmlToDom(data));
+               break;
 
+             case '.kml':
+               gj = kml(xmlToDom(data));
+               break;
 
-           drawData.enabled = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _enabled;
+             case '.geojson':
+             case '.json':
+               gj = JSON.parse(data);
 
-               _enabled = val;
-               if (_enabled) {
-                   showLayer();
-               } else {
-                   hideLayer();
+               if (gj.type === 'FeatureCollection') {
+                 gj.features.forEach(stringifyGeojsonProperties);
+               } else if (gj.type === 'Feature') {
+                 stringifyGeojsonProperties(gj);
                }
 
-               dispatch.call('change');
-               return this;
-           };
+               break;
+           }
 
+           gj = gj || {};
 
-           drawData.hasData = function() {
-               var gj = _geojson || {};
-               return !!(_template || Object.keys(gj).length);
-           };
+           if (Object.keys(gj).length) {
+             _geojson = ensureIDs(gj);
+             _src = extension + ' data file';
+             this.fitZoom();
+           }
+
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
+         drawData.showLabels = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _showLabels;
+           _showLabels = val;
+           return this;
+         };
 
-           drawData.template = function(val, src) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _template;
+         drawData.enabled = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _enabled;
+           _enabled = val;
 
-               // test source against OSM imagery blacklists..
-               var osm = context.connection();
-               if (osm) {
-                   var blacklists = osm.imageryBlacklists();
-                   var fail = false;
-                   var tested = 0;
-                   var regex;
+           if (_enabled) {
+             showLayer();
+           } else {
+             hideLayer();
+           }
 
-                   for (var i = 0; i < blacklists.length; i++) {
-                       try {
-                           regex = new RegExp(blacklists[i]);
-                           fail = regex.test(val);
-                           tested++;
-                           if (fail) break;
-                       } catch (e) {
-                           /* noop */
-                       }
-                   }
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-                   // ensure at least one test was run.
-                   if (!tested) {
-                       regex = new RegExp('.*\.google(apis)?\..*/(vt|kh)[\?/].*([xyz]=.*){3}.*');
-                       fail = regex.test(val);
-                   }
-               }
+         drawData.hasData = function () {
+           var gj = _geojson || {};
+           return !!(_template || Object.keys(gj).length);
+         };
 
-               _template = val;
-               _fileList = null;
-               _geojson = null;
+         drawData.template = function (val, src) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _template; // test source against OSM imagery blocklists..
 
-               // strip off the querystring/hash from the template,
-               // it often includes the access token
-               _src = src || ('vectortile:' + val.split(/[?#]/)[0]);
+           var osm = context.connection();
 
-               dispatch.call('change');
-               return this;
-           };
+           if (osm) {
+             var blocklists = osm.imageryBlocklists();
+             var fail = false;
+             var tested = 0;
+             var regex;
 
+             for (var i = 0; i < blocklists.length; i++) {
+               regex = blocklists[i];
+               fail = regex.test(val);
+               tested++;
+               if (fail) break;
+             } // ensure at least one test was run.
 
-           drawData.geojson = function(gj, src) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _geojson;
 
-               _template = null;
-               _fileList = null;
-               _geojson = null;
-               _src = null;
+             if (!tested) {
+               regex = /.*\.google(apis)?\..*\/(vt|kh)[\?\/].*([xyz]=.*){3}.*/;
+               fail = regex.test(val);
+             }
+           }
 
-               gj = gj || {};
-               if (Object.keys(gj).length) {
-                   _geojson = ensureIDs(gj);
-                   _src = src || 'unknown.geojson';
-               }
+           _template = val;
+           _fileList = null;
+           _geojson = null; // strip off the querystring/hash from the template,
+           // it often includes the access token
 
-               dispatch.call('change');
-               return this;
-           };
+           _src = src || 'vectortile:' + val.split(/[?#]/)[0];
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
+         drawData.geojson = function (gj, src) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _geojson;
+           _template = null;
+           _fileList = null;
+           _geojson = null;
+           _src = null;
+           gj = gj || {};
 
-           drawData.fileList = function(fileList) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _fileList;
+           if (Object.keys(gj).length) {
+             _geojson = ensureIDs(gj);
+             _src = src || 'unknown.geojson';
+           }
 
-               _template = null;
-               _fileList = fileList;
-               _geojson = null;
-               _src = null;
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-               if (!fileList || !fileList.length) return this;
-               var f = fileList[0];
-               var extension = getExtension(f.name);
-               var reader = new FileReader();
-               reader.onload = (function() {
-                   return function(e) {
-                       drawData.setFile(extension, e.target.result);
-                   };
-               })();
+         drawData.fileList = function (fileList) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _fileList;
+           _template = null;
+           _fileList = fileList;
+           _geojson = null;
+           _src = null;
+           if (!fileList || !fileList.length) return this;
+           var f = fileList[0];
+           var extension = getExtension(f.name);
+           var reader = new FileReader();
+
+           reader.onload = function () {
+             return function (e) {
+               drawData.setFile(extension, e.target.result);
+             };
+           }();
 
-               reader.readAsText(f);
+           reader.readAsText(f);
+           return this;
+         };
 
-               return this;
-           };
+         drawData.url = function (url, defaultExtension) {
+           _template = null;
+           _fileList = null;
+           _geojson = null;
+           _src = null; // strip off any querystring/hash from the url before checking extension
 
+           var testUrl = url.split(/[?#]/)[0];
+           var extension = getExtension(testUrl) || defaultExtension;
 
-           drawData.url = function(url, defaultExtension) {
-               _template = null;
-               _fileList = null;
-               _geojson = null;
-               _src = null;
-
-               // strip off any querystring/hash from the url before checking extension
-               var testUrl = url.split(/[?#]/)[0];
-               var extension = getExtension(testUrl) || defaultExtension;
-               if (extension) {
-                   _template = null;
-                   d3_text(url)
-                       .then(function(data) {
-                           drawData.setFile(extension, data);
-                       })
-                       .catch(function() {
-                           /* ignore */
-                       });
+           if (extension) {
+             _template = null;
+             d3_text(url).then(function (data) {
+               drawData.setFile(extension, data);
+             })["catch"](function () {
+               /* ignore */
+             });
+           } else {
+             drawData.template(url);
+           }
 
-               } else {
-                   drawData.template(url);
-               }
+           return this;
+         };
 
-               return this;
-           };
+         drawData.getSrc = function () {
+           return _src || '';
+         };
 
+         drawData.fitZoom = function () {
+           var features = getFeatures(_geojson);
+           if (!features.length) return;
+           var map = context.map();
+           var viewport = map.trimmedExtent().polygon();
+           var coords = features.reduce(function (coords, feature) {
+             var geom = feature.geometry;
+             if (!geom) return coords;
+             var c = geom.coordinates;
+             /* eslint-disable no-fallthrough */
 
-           drawData.getSrc = function() {
-               return _src || '';
-           };
+             switch (geom.type) {
+               case 'Point':
+                 c = [c];
 
+               case 'MultiPoint':
+               case 'LineString':
+                 break;
 
-           drawData.fitZoom = function() {
-               var features = getFeatures(_geojson);
-               if (!features.length) return;
-
-               var map = context.map();
-               var viewport = map.trimmedExtent().polygon();
-               var coords = features.reduce(function(coords, feature) {
-                   var geom = feature.geometry;
-                   if (!geom) return coords;
-
-                   var c = geom.coordinates;
-
-                   /* eslint-disable no-fallthrough */
-                   switch (geom.type) {
-                       case 'Point':
-                           c = [c];
-                       case 'MultiPoint':
-                       case 'LineString':
-                           break;
-
-                       case 'MultiPolygon':
-                           c = utilArrayFlatten(c);
-                       case 'Polygon':
-                       case 'MultiLineString':
-                           c = utilArrayFlatten(c);
-                           break;
-                   }
-                   /* eslint-enable no-fallthrough */
+               case 'MultiPolygon':
+                 c = utilArrayFlatten(c);
+
+               case 'Polygon':
+               case 'MultiLineString':
+                 c = utilArrayFlatten(c);
+                 break;
+             }
+             /* eslint-enable no-fallthrough */
 
-                   return utilArrayUnion(coords, c);
-               }, []);
 
-               if (!geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(viewport, coords, true)) {
-                   var extent = geoExtent(d3_geoBounds({ type: 'LineString', coordinates: coords }));
-                   map.centerZoom(extent.center(), map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent));
-               }
+             return utilArrayUnion(coords, c);
+           }, []);
 
-               return this;
-           };
+           if (!geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(viewport, coords, true)) {
+             var extent = geoExtent(d3_geoBounds({
+               type: 'LineString',
+               coordinates: coords
+             }));
+             map.centerZoom(extent.center(), map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent));
+           }
 
+           return this;
+         };
 
-           init();
-           return drawData;
+         init();
+         return drawData;
        }
 
        function svgDebug(projection, context) {
-
          function drawDebug(selection) {
-           const showTile = context.getDebug('tile');
-           const showCollision = context.getDebug('collision');
-           const showImagery = context.getDebug('imagery');
-           const showTouchTargets = context.getDebug('target');
-           const showDownloaded = context.getDebug('downloaded');
+           var showTile = context.getDebug('tile');
+           var showCollision = context.getDebug('collision');
+           var showImagery = context.getDebug('imagery');
+           var showTouchTargets = context.getDebug('target');
+           var showDownloaded = context.getDebug('downloaded');
+           var debugData = [];
 
-           let debugData = [];
            if (showTile) {
-             debugData.push({ class: 'red', label: 'tile' });
+             debugData.push({
+               "class": 'red',
+               label: 'tile'
+             });
            }
+
            if (showCollision) {
-             debugData.push({ class: 'yellow', label: 'collision' });
+             debugData.push({
+               "class": 'yellow',
+               label: 'collision'
+             });
            }
+
            if (showImagery) {
-             debugData.push({ class: 'orange', label: 'imagery' });
+             debugData.push({
+               "class": 'orange',
+               label: 'imagery'
+             });
            }
+
            if (showTouchTargets) {
-             debugData.push({ class: 'pink', label: 'touchTargets' });
+             debugData.push({
+               "class": 'pink',
+               label: 'touchTargets'
+             });
            }
+
            if (showDownloaded) {
-             debugData.push({ class: 'purple', label: 'downloaded' });
+             debugData.push({
+               "class": 'purple',
+               label: 'downloaded'
+             });
+           }
+
+           var legend = context.container().select('.main-content').selectAll('.debug-legend').data(debugData.length ? [0] : []);
+           legend.exit().remove();
+           legend = legend.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'fillD debug-legend').merge(legend);
+           var legendItems = legend.selectAll('.debug-legend-item').data(debugData, function (d) {
+             return d.label;
+           });
+           legendItems.exit().remove();
+           legendItems.enter().append('span').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "debug-legend-item ".concat(d["class"]);
+           }).text(function (d) {
+             return d.label;
+           });
+           var layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-debug').data(showImagery || showDownloaded ? [0] : []);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           layer = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-debug').merge(layer); // imagery
+
+           var extent = context.map().extent();
+           _mainFileFetcher.get('imagery').then(function (d) {
+             var hits = showImagery && d.query.bbox(extent.rectangle(), true) || [];
+             var features = hits.map(function (d) {
+               return d.features[d.id];
+             });
+             var imagery = layer.selectAll('path.debug-imagery').data(features);
+             imagery.exit().remove();
+             imagery.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'debug-imagery debug orange');
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             /* ignore */
+           }); // downloaded
+
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           var dataDownloaded = [];
+
+           if (osm && showDownloaded) {
+             var rtree = osm.caches('get').tile.rtree;
+             dataDownloaded = rtree.all().map(function (bbox) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'Feature',
+                 properties: {
+                   id: bbox.id
+                 },
+                 geometry: {
+                   type: 'Polygon',
+                   coordinates: [[[bbox.minX, bbox.minY], [bbox.minX, bbox.maxY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.maxY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.minY], [bbox.minX, bbox.minY]]]
+                 }
+               };
+             });
            }
 
+           var downloaded = layer.selectAll('path.debug-downloaded').data(showDownloaded ? dataDownloaded : []);
+           downloaded.exit().remove();
+           downloaded.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'debug-downloaded debug purple'); // update
+
+           layer.selectAll('path').attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
+         } // This looks strange because `enabled` methods on other layers are
+         // chainable getter/setters, and this one is just a getter.
 
-           let legend = context.container().select('.main-content')
-             .selectAll('.debug-legend')
-             .data(debugData.length ? [0] : []);
 
-           legend.exit()
-             .remove();
+         drawDebug.enabled = function () {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return context.getDebug('tile') || context.getDebug('collision') || context.getDebug('imagery') || context.getDebug('target') || context.getDebug('downloaded');
+           } else {
+             return this;
+           }
+         };
 
-           legend = legend.enter()
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'fillD debug-legend')
-             .merge(legend);
+         return drawDebug;
+       }
 
+       /*
+           A standalone SVG element that contains only a `defs` sub-element. To be
+           used once globally, since defs IDs must be unique within a document.
+       */
 
-           let legendItems = legend.selectAll('.debug-legend-item')
-             .data(debugData, d => d.label);
+       function svgDefs(context) {
+         var _defsSelection = select(null);
 
-           legendItems.exit()
-             .remove();
+         var _spritesheetIds = ['iD-sprite', 'maki-sprite', 'temaki-sprite', 'fa-sprite', 'community-sprite'];
 
-           legendItems.enter()
-             .append('span')
-             .attr('class', d => `debug-legend-item ${d.class}`)
-             .text(d => d.label);
+         function drawDefs(selection) {
+           _defsSelection = selection.append('defs'); // add markers
 
+           _defsSelection.append('marker').attr('id', 'ideditor-oneway-marker').attr('viewBox', '0 0 10 5').attr('refX', 2.5).attr('refY', 2.5).attr('markerWidth', 2).attr('markerHeight', 2).attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth').attr('orient', 'auto').append('path').attr('class', 'oneway-marker-path').attr('d', 'M 5,3 L 0,3 L 0,2 L 5,2 L 5,0 L 10,2.5 L 5,5 z').attr('stroke', 'none').attr('fill', '#000').attr('opacity', '0.75'); // SVG markers have to be given a colour where they're defined
+           // (they can't inherit it from the line they're attached to),
+           // so we need to manually define markers for each color of tag
+           // (also, it's slightly nicer if we can control the
+           // positioning for different tags)
 
-           let layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-debug')
-             .data(showImagery || showDownloaded ? [0] : []);
 
-           layer.exit()
-             .remove();
+           function addSidedMarker(name, color, offset) {
+             _defsSelection.append('marker').attr('id', 'ideditor-sided-marker-' + name).attr('viewBox', '0 0 2 2').attr('refX', 1).attr('refY', -offset).attr('markerWidth', 1.5).attr('markerHeight', 1.5).attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth').attr('orient', 'auto').append('path').attr('class', 'sided-marker-path sided-marker-' + name + '-path').attr('d', 'M 0,0 L 1,1 L 2,0 z').attr('stroke', 'none').attr('fill', color);
+           }
 
-           layer = layer.enter()
-             .append('g')
-             .attr('class', 'layer-debug')
-             .merge(layer);
+           addSidedMarker('natural', 'rgb(170, 170, 170)', 0); // for a coastline, the arrows are (somewhat unintuitively) on
+           // the water side, so let's color them blue (with a gap) to
+           // give a stronger indication
 
+           addSidedMarker('coastline', '#77dede', 1);
+           addSidedMarker('waterway', '#77dede', 1); // barriers have a dashed line, and separating the triangle
+           // from the line visually suits that
 
-           // imagery
-           const extent = context.map().extent();
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('imagery')
-             .then(d => {
-               const hits = (showImagery && d.query.bbox(extent.rectangle(), true)) || [];
-               const features = hits.map(d => d.features[d.id]);
+           addSidedMarker('barrier', '#ddd', 1);
+           addSidedMarker('man_made', '#fff', 0);
 
-               let imagery = layer.selectAll('path.debug-imagery')
-                 .data(features);
+           _defsSelection.append('marker').attr('id', 'ideditor-viewfield-marker').attr('viewBox', '0 0 16 16').attr('refX', 8).attr('refY', 16).attr('markerWidth', 4).attr('markerHeight', 4).attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth').attr('orient', 'auto').append('path').attr('class', 'viewfield-marker-path').attr('d', 'M 6,14 C 8,13.4 8,13.4 10,14 L 16,3 C 12,0 4,0 0,3 z').attr('fill', '#333').attr('fill-opacity', '0.75').attr('stroke', '#fff').attr('stroke-width', '0.5px').attr('stroke-opacity', '0.75');
 
-               imagery.exit()
-                 .remove();
+           _defsSelection.append('marker').attr('id', 'ideditor-viewfield-marker-wireframe').attr('viewBox', '0 0 16 16').attr('refX', 8).attr('refY', 16).attr('markerWidth', 4).attr('markerHeight', 4).attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth').attr('orient', 'auto').append('path').attr('class', 'viewfield-marker-path').attr('d', 'M 6,14 C 8,13.4 8,13.4 10,14 L 16,3 C 12,0 4,0 0,3 z').attr('fill', 'none').attr('stroke', '#fff').attr('stroke-width', '0.5px').attr('stroke-opacity', '0.75'); // add patterns
 
-               imagery.enter()
-                 .append('path')
-                 .attr('class', 'debug-imagery debug orange');
-             })
-             .catch(() => { /* ignore */ });
 
-           // downloaded
-           const osm = context.connection();
-           let dataDownloaded = [];
-           if (osm && showDownloaded) {
-             const rtree = osm.caches('get').tile.rtree;
-             dataDownloaded = rtree.all().map(bbox => {
-               return {
-                 type: 'Feature',
-                 properties: { id: bbox.id },
-                 geometry: {
-                   type: 'Polygon',
-                   coordinates: [[
-                     [ bbox.minX, bbox.minY ],
-                     [ bbox.minX, bbox.maxY ],
-                     [ bbox.maxX, bbox.maxY ],
-                     [ bbox.maxX, bbox.minY ],
-                     [ bbox.minX, bbox.minY ]
-                   ]]
-                 }
-               };
-             });
-           }
+           var patterns = _defsSelection.selectAll('pattern').data([// pattern name, pattern image name
+           ['beach', 'dots'], ['construction', 'construction'], ['cemetery', 'cemetery'], ['cemetery_christian', 'cemetery_christian'], ['cemetery_buddhist', 'cemetery_buddhist'], ['cemetery_muslim', 'cemetery_muslim'], ['cemetery_jewish', 'cemetery_jewish'], ['farmland', 'farmland'], ['farmyard', 'farmyard'], ['forest', 'forest'], ['forest_broadleaved', 'forest_broadleaved'], ['forest_needleleaved', 'forest_needleleaved'], ['forest_leafless', 'forest_leafless'], ['golf_green', 'grass'], ['grass', 'grass'], ['landfill', 'landfill'], ['meadow', 'grass'], ['orchard', 'orchard'], ['pond', 'pond'], ['quarry', 'quarry'], ['scrub', 'bushes'], ['vineyard', 'vineyard'], ['water_standing', 'lines'], ['waves', 'waves'], ['wetland', 'wetland'], ['wetland_marsh', 'wetland_marsh'], ['wetland_swamp', 'wetland_swamp'], ['wetland_bog', 'wetland_bog'], ['wetland_reedbed', 'wetland_reedbed']]).enter().append('pattern').attr('id', function (d) {
+             return 'ideditor-pattern-' + d[0];
+           }).attr('width', 32).attr('height', 32).attr('patternUnits', 'userSpaceOnUse');
 
-           let downloaded = layer
-             .selectAll('path.debug-downloaded')
-             .data(showDownloaded ? dataDownloaded : []);
+           patterns.append('rect').attr('x', 0).attr('y', 0).attr('width', 32).attr('height', 32).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'pattern-color-' + d[0];
+           });
+           patterns.append('image').attr('x', 0).attr('y', 0).attr('width', 32).attr('height', 32).attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             return context.imagePath('pattern/' + d[1] + '.png');
+           }); // add clip paths
 
-           downloaded.exit()
-             .remove();
+           _defsSelection.selectAll('clipPath').data([12, 18, 20, 32, 45]).enter().append('clipPath').attr('id', function (d) {
+             return 'ideditor-clip-square-' + d;
+           }).append('rect').attr('x', 0).attr('y', 0).attr('width', function (d) {
+             return d;
+           }).attr('height', function (d) {
+             return d;
+           }); // add symbol spritesheets
 
-           downloaded.enter()
-             .append('path')
-             .attr('class', 'debug-downloaded debug purple');
 
-           // update
-           layer.selectAll('path')
-             .attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
+           addSprites(_spritesheetIds, true);
          }
 
+         function addSprites(ids, overrideColors) {
+           _spritesheetIds = utilArrayUniq(_spritesheetIds.concat(ids));
 
-         // This looks strange because `enabled` methods on other layers are
-         // chainable getter/setters, and this one is just a getter.
-         drawDebug.enabled = function() {
-           if (!arguments.length) {
-             return context.getDebug('tile') ||
-               context.getDebug('collision') ||
-               context.getDebug('imagery') ||
-               context.getDebug('target') ||
-               context.getDebug('downloaded');
-           } else {
-               return this;
-           }
-         };
+           var spritesheets = _defsSelection.selectAll('.spritesheet').data(_spritesheetIds);
 
+           spritesheets.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'spritesheet spritesheet-' + d;
+           }).each(function (d) {
+             var url = context.imagePath(d + '.svg');
+             var node = select(this).node();
+             svg(url).then(function (svg) {
+               node.appendChild(select(svg.documentElement).attr('id', 'ideditor-' + d).node());
 
-         return drawDebug;
+               if (overrideColors && d !== 'iD-sprite') {
+                 // allow icon colors to be overridden..
+                 select(node).selectAll('path').attr('fill', 'currentColor');
+               }
+             })["catch"](function () {
+               /* ignore */
+             });
+           });
+           spritesheets.exit().remove();
+         }
+
+         drawDefs.addSprites = addSprites;
+         return drawDefs;
        }
 
-       let _layerEnabled = false;
-       let _qaService;
+       var _layerEnabled$2 = false;
+
+       var _qaService$2;
 
        function svgKeepRight(projection, context, dispatch) {
-         const throttledRedraw = throttle(() => dispatch.call('change'), 1000);
-         const minZoom = 12;
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           return dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
-         let touchLayer = select(null);
-         let drawLayer = select(null);
-         let layerVisible = false;
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var touchLayer = select(null);
+         var drawLayer = select(null);
+         var layerVisible = false;
 
          function markerPath(selection, klass) {
-           selection
-             .attr('class', klass)
-             .attr('transform', 'translate(-4, -24)')
-             .attr('d', 'M11.6,6.2H7.1l1.4-5.1C8.6,0.6,8.1,0,7.5,0H2.2C1.7,0,1.3,0.3,1.3,0.8L0,10.2c-0.1,0.6,0.4,1.1,0.9,1.1h4.6l-1.8,7.6C3.6,19.4,4.1,20,4.7,20c0.3,0,0.6-0.2,0.8-0.5l6.9-11.9C12.7,7,12.3,6.2,11.6,6.2z');
-         }
+           selection.attr('class', klass).attr('transform', 'translate(-4, -24)').attr('d', 'M11.6,6.2H7.1l1.4-5.1C8.6,0.6,8.1,0,7.5,0H2.2C1.7,0,1.3,0.3,1.3,0.8L0,10.2c-0.1,0.6,0.4,1.1,0.9,1.1h4.6l-1.8,7.6C3.6,19.4,4.1,20,4.7,20c0.3,0,0.6-0.2,0.8-0.5l6.9-11.9C12.7,7,12.3,6.2,11.6,6.2z');
+         } // Loosely-coupled keepRight service for fetching issues.
+
 
-         // Loosely-coupled keepRight service for fetching issues.
          function getService() {
-           if (services.keepRight && !_qaService) {
-             _qaService = services.keepRight;
-             _qaService.on('loaded', throttledRedraw);
-           } else if (!services.keepRight && _qaService) {
-             _qaService = null;
+           if (services.keepRight && !_qaService$2) {
+             _qaService$2 = services.keepRight;
+
+             _qaService$2.on('loaded', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.keepRight && _qaService$2) {
+             _qaService$2 = null;
            }
 
-           return _qaService;
-         }
+           return _qaService$2;
+         } // Show the markers
+
 
-         // Show the markers
          function editOn() {
            if (!layerVisible) {
              layerVisible = true;
-             drawLayer
-               .style('display', 'block');
+             drawLayer.style('display', 'block');
            }
-         }
+         } // Immediately remove the markers and their touch targets
+
 
-         // Immediately remove the markers and their touch targets
          function editOff() {
            if (layerVisible) {
              layerVisible = false;
-             drawLayer
-               .style('display', 'none');
-             drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight')
-               .remove();
-             touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight')
-               .remove();
+             drawLayer.style('display', 'none');
+             drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight').remove();
+             touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight').remove();
            }
-         }
+         } // Enable the layer.  This shows the markers and transitions them to visible.
+
 
-         // Enable the layer.  This shows the markers and transitions them to visible.
          function layerOn() {
            editOn();
+           drawLayer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             return dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         } // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the markers.
 
-           drawLayer
-             .style('opacity', 0)
-             .transition()
-             .duration(250)
-             .style('opacity', 1)
-             .on('end interrupt', () => dispatch.call('change'));
-         }
 
-         // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the markers.
          function layerOff() {
            throttledRedraw.cancel();
            drawLayer.interrupt();
-           touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight')
-             .remove();
-
-           drawLayer
-             .transition()
-             .duration(250)
-             .style('opacity', 0)
-             .on('end interrupt', () => {
-               editOff();
-               dispatch.call('change');
-             });
-         }
-
-         // Update the issue markers
-         function updateMarkers() {
-           if (!layerVisible || !_layerEnabled) return;
+           touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight').remove();
+           drawLayer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             editOff();
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         } // Update the issue markers
 
-           const service = getService();
-           const selectedID = context.selectedErrorID();
-           const data = (service ? service.getItems(projection) : []);
-           const getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection);
 
-           // Draw markers..
-           const markers = drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight')
-             .data(data, d => d.id);
+         function updateMarkers() {
+           if (!layerVisible || !_layerEnabled$2) return;
+           var service = getService();
+           var selectedID = context.selectedErrorID();
+           var data = service ? service.getItems(projection) : [];
+           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection); // Draw markers..
 
-           // exit
-           markers.exit()
-             .remove();
+           var markers = drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-           // enter
-           const markersEnter = markers.enter()
-             .append('g')
-               .attr('class', d => `qaItem ${d.service} itemId-${d.id} itemType-${d.parentIssueType}`);
-
-           markersEnter
-             .append('ellipse')
-               .attr('cx', 0.5)
-               .attr('cy', 1)
-               .attr('rx', 6.5)
-               .attr('ry', 3)
-               .attr('class', 'stroke');
-
-           markersEnter
-             .append('path')
-               .call(markerPath, 'shadow');
-
-           markersEnter
-             .append('use')
-               .attr('class', 'qaItem-fill')
-               .attr('width', '20px')
-               .attr('height', '20px')
-               .attr('x', '-8px')
-               .attr('y', '-22px')
-               .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-icon-bolt');
+           markers.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-           // update
-           markers
-             .merge(markersEnter)
-             .sort(sortY)
-               .classed('selected', d => d.id === selectedID)
-               .attr('transform', getTransform);
+           var markersEnter = markers.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.parentIssueType);
+           });
+           markersEnter.append('ellipse').attr('cx', 0.5).attr('cy', 1).attr('rx', 6.5).attr('ry', 3).attr('class', 'stroke');
+           markersEnter.append('path').call(markerPath, 'shadow');
+           markersEnter.append('use').attr('class', 'qaItem-fill').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '20px').attr('x', '-8px').attr('y', '-22px').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-icon-bolt'); // update
 
+           markers.merge(markersEnter).sort(sortY).classed('selected', function (d) {
+             return d.id === selectedID;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform); // Draw targets..
 
-           // Draw targets..
            if (touchLayer.empty()) return;
-           const fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-
-           const targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight')
-             .data(data, d => d.id);
+           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-           // exit
-           targets.exit()
-             .remove();
-
-           // enter/update
-           targets.enter()
-             .append('rect')
-               .attr('width', '20px')
-               .attr('height', '20px')
-               .attr('x', '-8px')
-               .attr('y', '-22px')
-             .merge(targets)
-             .sort(sortY)
-               .attr('class', d => `qaItem ${d.service} target ${fillClass} itemId-${d.id}`)
-               .attr('transform', getTransform);
+           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
+           targets.enter().append('rect').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '20px').attr('x', '-8px').attr('y', '-22px').merge(targets).sort(sortY).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " target ").concat(fillClass, " itemId-").concat(d.id);
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
 
            function sortY(a, b) {
-             return (a.id === selectedID) ? 1
-               : (b.id === selectedID) ? -1
-               : (a.severity === 'error' && b.severity !== 'error') ? 1
-               : (b.severity === 'error' && a.severity !== 'error') ? -1
-               : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
+             return a.id === selectedID ? 1 : b.id === selectedID ? -1 : a.severity === 'error' && b.severity !== 'error' ? 1 : b.severity === 'error' && a.severity !== 'error' ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
            }
-         }
+         } // Draw the keepRight layer and schedule loading issues and updating markers.
+
 
-         // Draw the keepRight layer and schedule loading issues and updating markers.
          function drawKeepRight(selection) {
-           const service = getService();
+           var service = getService();
+           var surface = context.surface();
 
-           const surface = context.surface();
            if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
              touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
            }
 
-           drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-keepRight')
-             .data(service ? [0] : []);
-
-           drawLayer.exit()
-             .remove();
+           drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-keepRight').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           drawLayer.exit().remove();
+           drawLayer = drawLayer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-keepRight').style('display', _layerEnabled$2 ? 'block' : 'none').merge(drawLayer);
 
-           drawLayer = drawLayer.enter()
-             .append('g')
-               .attr('class', 'layer-keepRight')
-               .style('display', _layerEnabled ? 'block' : 'none')
-             .merge(drawLayer);
-
-           if (_layerEnabled) {
+           if (_layerEnabled$2) {
              if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
                editOn();
                service.loadIssues(projection);
                editOff();
              }
            }
-         }
+         } // Toggles the layer on and off
 
-         // Toggles the layer on and off
-         drawKeepRight.enabled = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _layerEnabled;
 
-           _layerEnabled = val;
-           if (_layerEnabled) {
+         drawKeepRight.enabled = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _layerEnabled$2;
+           _layerEnabled$2 = val;
+
+           if (_layerEnabled$2) {
              layerOn();
            } else {
              layerOff();
+
              if (context.selectedErrorID()) {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
              }
            return this;
          };
 
-         drawKeepRight.supported = () => !!getService();
+         drawKeepRight.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
          return drawKeepRight;
        }
 
        function svgGeolocate(projection) {
-           var layer = select(null);
-           var _position;
-
+         var layer = select(null);
 
-           function init() {
-               if (svgGeolocate.initialized) return;  // run once
-               svgGeolocate.enabled = false;
-               svgGeolocate.initialized = true;
-           }
-
-           function showLayer() {
-               layer.style('display', 'block');
-           }
-
-
-           function hideLayer() {
-               layer
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(250)
-                   .style('opacity', 0);
-           }
-
-           function layerOn() {
-               layer
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(250)
-                   .style('opacity', 1);
-
-           }
-
-           function layerOff() {
-               layer.style('display', 'none');
-           }
-
-           function transform(d) {
-               return svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
-           }
+         var _position;
 
-           function accuracy(accuracy, loc) { // converts accuracy to pixels...
-               var degreesRadius = geoMetersToLat(accuracy),
-                   tangentLoc = [loc[0], loc[1] + degreesRadius],
-                   projectedTangent = projection(tangentLoc),
-                   projectedLoc = projection([loc[0], loc[1]]);
+         function init() {
+           if (svgGeolocate.initialized) return; // run once
 
-               // southern most point will have higher pixel value...
-              return Math.round(projectedLoc[1] - projectedTangent[1]).toString();
-           }
+           svgGeolocate.enabled = false;
+           svgGeolocate.initialized = true;
+         }
 
-           function update() {
-               var geolocation = { loc: [_position.coords.longitude, _position.coords.latitude] };
+         function showLayer() {
+           layer.style('display', 'block');
+         }
 
-               var groups = layer.selectAll('.geolocations').selectAll('.geolocation')
-                   .data([geolocation]);
+         function hideLayer() {
+           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0);
+         }
 
-               groups.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         function layerOn() {
+           layer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1);
+         }
 
-               var pointsEnter = groups.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'geolocation');
+         function layerOff() {
+           layer.style('display', 'none');
+         }
 
-               pointsEnter
-                   .append('circle')
-                   .attr('class', 'geolocate-radius')
-                   .attr('dx', '0')
-                   .attr('dy', '0')
-                   .attr('fill', 'rgb(15,128,225)')
-                   .attr('fill-opacity', '0.3')
-                   .attr('r', '0');
+         function transform(d) {
+           return svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
+         }
 
-               pointsEnter
-                   .append('circle')
-                   .attr('dx', '0')
-                   .attr('dy', '0')
-                   .attr('fill', 'rgb(15,128,225)')
-                   .attr('stroke', 'white')
-                   .attr('stroke-width', '1.5')
-                   .attr('r', '6');
+         function accuracy(accuracy, loc) {
+           // converts accuracy to pixels...
+           var degreesRadius = geoMetersToLat(accuracy),
+               tangentLoc = [loc[0], loc[1] + degreesRadius],
+               projectedTangent = projection(tangentLoc),
+               projectedLoc = projection([loc[0], loc[1]]); // southern most point will have higher pixel value...
 
-               groups.merge(pointsEnter)
-                   .attr('transform', transform);
+           return Math.round(projectedLoc[1] - projectedTangent[1]).toString();
+         }
 
-               layer.select('.geolocate-radius').attr('r', accuracy(_position.coords.accuracy, geolocation.loc));
+         function update() {
+           var geolocation = {
+             loc: [_position.coords.longitude, _position.coords.latitude]
+           };
+           var groups = layer.selectAll('.geolocations').selectAll('.geolocation').data([geolocation]);
+           groups.exit().remove();
+           var pointsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'geolocation');
+           pointsEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'geolocate-radius').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('fill', 'rgb(15,128,225)').attr('fill-opacity', '0.3').attr('r', '0');
+           pointsEnter.append('circle').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('fill', 'rgb(15,128,225)').attr('stroke', 'white').attr('stroke-width', '1.5').attr('r', '6');
+           groups.merge(pointsEnter).attr('transform', transform);
+           layer.select('.geolocate-radius').attr('r', accuracy(_position.coords.accuracy, geolocation.loc));
+         }
+
+         function drawLocation(selection) {
+           var enabled = svgGeolocate.enabled;
+           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-geolocate').data([0]);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           var layerEnter = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-geolocate').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');
+           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'geolocations');
+           layer = layerEnter.merge(layer);
+
+           if (enabled) {
+             update();
+           } else {
+             layerOff();
            }
+         }
 
-           function drawLocation(selection) {
-               var enabled = svgGeolocate.enabled;
-
-               layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-geolocate')
-                   .data([0]);
-
-               layer.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               var layerEnter = layer.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-geolocate')
-                   .style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');
-
-               layerEnter
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'geolocations');
-
-               layer = layerEnter
-                   .merge(layer);
+         drawLocation.enabled = function (position, enabled) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return svgGeolocate.enabled;
+           _position = position;
+           svgGeolocate.enabled = enabled;
 
-               if (enabled) {
-                   update();
-               } else {
-                   layerOff();
-               }
+           if (svgGeolocate.enabled) {
+             showLayer();
+             layerOn();
+           } else {
+             hideLayer();
            }
 
-           drawLocation.enabled = function (position, enabled) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return svgGeolocate.enabled;
-               _position = position;
-               svgGeolocate.enabled = enabled;
-               if (svgGeolocate.enabled) {
-                   showLayer();
-                   layerOn();
-               } else {
-                   hideLayer();
-               }
-               return this;
-           };
+           return this;
+         };
 
-           init();
-           return drawLocation;
+         init();
+         return drawLocation;
        }
 
        function svgLabels(projection, context) {
-           var path = d3_geoPath(projection);
-           var detected = utilDetect();
-           var baselineHack = (detected.ie ||
-               detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'edge' ||
-               (detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'firefox' && detected.version >= 70));
-           var _rdrawn = new RBush();
-           var _rskipped = new RBush();
-           var _textWidthCache = {};
-           var _entitybboxes = {};
-
-           // Listed from highest to lowest priority
-           var labelStack = [
-               ['line', 'aeroway', '*', 12],
-               ['line', 'highway', 'motorway', 12],
-               ['line', 'highway', 'trunk', 12],
-               ['line', 'highway', 'primary', 12],
-               ['line', 'highway', 'secondary', 12],
-               ['line', 'highway', 'tertiary', 12],
-               ['line', 'highway', '*', 12],
-               ['line', 'railway', '*', 12],
-               ['line', 'waterway', '*', 12],
-               ['area', 'aeroway', '*', 12],
-               ['area', 'amenity', '*', 12],
-               ['area', 'building', '*', 12],
-               ['area', 'historic', '*', 12],
-               ['area', 'leisure', '*', 12],
-               ['area', 'man_made', '*', 12],
-               ['area', 'natural', '*', 12],
-               ['area', 'shop', '*', 12],
-               ['area', 'tourism', '*', 12],
-               ['area', 'camp_site', '*', 12],
-               ['point', 'aeroway', '*', 10],
-               ['point', 'amenity', '*', 10],
-               ['point', 'building', '*', 10],
-               ['point', 'historic', '*', 10],
-               ['point', 'leisure', '*', 10],
-               ['point', 'man_made', '*', 10],
-               ['point', 'natural', '*', 10],
-               ['point', 'shop', '*', 10],
-               ['point', 'tourism', '*', 10],
-               ['point', 'camp_site', '*', 10],
-               ['line', 'name', '*', 12],
-               ['area', 'name', '*', 12],
-               ['point', 'name', '*', 10]
-           ];
+         var path = d3_geoPath(projection);
+         var detected = utilDetect();
+         var baselineHack = detected.ie || detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'edge' || detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'firefox' && detected.version >= 70;
 
+         var _rdrawn = new RBush();
 
-           function shouldSkipIcon(preset) {
-               var noIcons = ['building', 'landuse', 'natural'];
-               return noIcons.some(function(s) {
-                   return preset.id.indexOf(s) >= 0;
-               });
-           }
+         var _rskipped = new RBush();
 
+         var _textWidthCache = {};
+         var _entitybboxes = {}; // Listed from highest to lowest priority
 
-           function get(array, prop) {
-               return function(d, i) { return array[i][prop]; };
-           }
+         var labelStack = [['line', 'aeroway', '*', 12], ['line', 'highway', 'motorway', 12], ['line', 'highway', 'trunk', 12], ['line', 'highway', 'primary', 12], ['line', 'highway', 'secondary', 12], ['line', 'highway', 'tertiary', 12], ['line', 'highway', '*', 12], ['line', 'railway', '*', 12], ['line', 'waterway', '*', 12], ['area', 'aeroway', '*', 12], ['area', 'amenity', '*', 12], ['area', 'building', '*', 12], ['area', 'historic', '*', 12], ['area', 'leisure', '*', 12], ['area', 'man_made', '*', 12], ['area', 'natural', '*', 12], ['area', 'shop', '*', 12], ['area', 'tourism', '*', 12], ['area', 'camp_site', '*', 12], ['point', 'aeroway', '*', 10], ['point', 'amenity', '*', 10], ['point', 'building', '*', 10], ['point', 'historic', '*', 10], ['point', 'leisure', '*', 10], ['point', 'man_made', '*', 10], ['point', 'natural', '*', 10], ['point', 'shop', '*', 10], ['point', 'tourism', '*', 10], ['point', 'camp_site', '*', 10], ['line', 'name', '*', 12], ['area', 'name', '*', 12], ['point', 'name', '*', 10]];
 
+         function shouldSkipIcon(preset) {
+           var noIcons = ['building', 'landuse', 'natural'];
+           return noIcons.some(function (s) {
+             return preset.id.indexOf(s) >= 0;
+           });
+         }
 
-           function textWidth(text, size, elem) {
-               var c = _textWidthCache[size];
-               if (!c) c = _textWidthCache[size] = {};
+         function get(array, prop) {
+           return function (d, i) {
+             return array[i][prop];
+           };
+         }
 
-               if (c[text]) {
-                   return c[text];
+         function textWidth(text, size, elem) {
+           var c = _textWidthCache[size];
+           if (!c) c = _textWidthCache[size] = {};
 
-               } else if (elem) {
-                   c[text] = elem.getComputedTextLength();
-                   return c[text];
+           if (c[text]) {
+             return c[text];
+           } else if (elem) {
+             c[text] = elem.getComputedTextLength();
+             return c[text];
+           } else {
+             var str = encodeURIComponent(text).match(/%[CDEFcdef]/g);
 
-               } else {
-                   var str = encodeURIComponent(text).match(/%[CDEFcdef]/g);
-                   if (str === null) {
-                       return size / 3 * 2 * text.length;
-                   } else {
-                       return size / 3 * (2 * text.length + str.length);
-                   }
-               }
+             if (str === null) {
+               return size / 3 * 2 * text.length;
+             } else {
+               return size / 3 * (2 * text.length + str.length);
+             }
            }
+         }
 
+         function drawLinePaths(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
+           var paths = selection.selectAll('path').filter(filter).data(entities, osmEntity.key); // exit
 
-           function drawLinePaths(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
-               var paths = selection.selectAll('path')
-                   .filter(filter)
-                   .data(entities, osmEntity.key);
-
-               // exit
-               paths.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter/update
-               paths.enter()
-                   .append('path')
-                   .style('stroke-width', get(labels, 'font-size'))
-                   .attr('id', function(d) { return 'ideditor-labelpath-' + d.id; })
-                   .attr('class', classes)
-                   .merge(paths)
-                   .attr('d', get(labels, 'lineString'));
-           }
-
-
-           function drawLineLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
-               var texts = selection.selectAll('text.' + classes)
-                   .filter(filter)
-                   .data(entities, osmEntity.key);
-
-               // exit
-               texts.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter
-               texts.enter()
-                   .append('text')
-                   .attr('class', function(d, i) { return classes + ' ' + labels[i].classes + ' ' + d.id; })
-                   .attr('dy', baselineHack ? '0.35em' : null)
-                   .append('textPath')
-                   .attr('class', 'textpath');
-
-               // update
-               selection.selectAll('text.' + classes).selectAll('.textpath')
-                   .filter(filter)
-                   .data(entities, osmEntity.key)
-                   .attr('startOffset', '50%')
-                   .attr('xlink:href', function(d) { return '#ideditor-labelpath-' + d.id; })
-                   .text(utilDisplayNameForPath);
-           }
-
-
-           function drawPointLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
-               var texts = selection.selectAll('text.' + classes)
-                   .filter(filter)
-                   .data(entities, osmEntity.key);
-
-               // exit
-               texts.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter/update
-               texts.enter()
-                   .append('text')
-                   .attr('class', function(d, i) {
-                       return classes + ' ' + labels[i].classes + ' ' + d.id;
-                   })
-                   .merge(texts)
-                   .attr('x', get(labels, 'x'))
-                   .attr('y', get(labels, 'y'))
-                   .style('text-anchor', get(labels, 'textAnchor'))
-                   .text(utilDisplayName)
-                   .each(function(d, i) {
-                       textWidth(utilDisplayName(d), labels[i].height, this);
-                   });
-           }
+           paths.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+
+           paths.enter().append('path').style('stroke-width', get(labels, 'font-size')).attr('id', function (d) {
+             return 'ideditor-labelpath-' + d.id;
+           }).attr('class', classes).merge(paths).attr('d', get(labels, 'lineString'));
+         }
 
+         function drawLineLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
+           var texts = selection.selectAll('text.' + classes).filter(filter).data(entities, osmEntity.key); // exit
 
-           function drawAreaLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
-               entities = entities.filter(hasText);
-               labels = labels.filter(hasText);
-               drawPointLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels);
+           texts.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-               function hasText(d, i) {
-                   return labels[i].hasOwnProperty('x') && labels[i].hasOwnProperty('y');
-               }
-           }
+           texts.enter().append('text').attr('class', function (d, i) {
+             return classes + ' ' + labels[i].classes + ' ' + d.id;
+           }).attr('dy', baselineHack ? '0.35em' : null).append('textPath').attr('class', 'textpath'); // update
 
+           selection.selectAll('text.' + classes).selectAll('.textpath').filter(filter).data(entities, osmEntity.key).attr('startOffset', '50%').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             return '#ideditor-labelpath-' + d.id;
+           }).text(utilDisplayNameForPath);
+         }
 
-           function drawAreaIcons(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
-               var icons = selection.selectAll('use.' + classes)
-                   .filter(filter)
-                   .data(entities, osmEntity.key);
+         function drawPointLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
+           var texts = selection.selectAll('text.' + classes).filter(filter).data(entities, osmEntity.key); // exit
 
-               // exit
-               icons.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           texts.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-               // enter/update
-               icons.enter()
-                   .append('use')
-                   .attr('class', 'icon ' + classes)
-                   .attr('width', '17px')
-                   .attr('height', '17px')
-                   .merge(icons)
-                   .attr('transform', get(labels, 'transform'))
-                   .attr('xlink:href', function(d) {
-                       var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(d, context.graph());
-                       var picon = preset && preset.icon;
+           texts.enter().append('text').attr('class', function (d, i) {
+             return classes + ' ' + labels[i].classes + ' ' + d.id;
+           }).merge(texts).attr('x', get(labels, 'x')).attr('y', get(labels, 'y')).style('text-anchor', get(labels, 'textAnchor')).text(utilDisplayName).each(function (d, i) {
+             textWidth(utilDisplayName(d), labels[i].height, this);
+           });
+         }
 
-                       if (!picon) {
-                           return '';
-                       } else {
-                           var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
-                           return '#' + picon + (isMaki ? '-15' : '');
-                       }
-                   });
+         function drawAreaLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
+           entities = entities.filter(hasText);
+           labels = labels.filter(hasText);
+           drawPointLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels);
+
+           function hasText(d, i) {
+             return labels[i].hasOwnProperty('x') && labels[i].hasOwnProperty('y');
            }
+         }
 
+         function drawAreaIcons(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
+           var icons = selection.selectAll('use.' + classes).filter(filter).data(entities, osmEntity.key); // exit
 
-           function drawCollisionBoxes(selection, rtree, which) {
-               var classes = 'debug ' + which + ' ' + (which === 'debug-skipped' ? 'orange' : 'yellow');
+           icons.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-               var gj = [];
-               if (context.getDebug('collision')) {
-                   gj = rtree.all().map(function(d) {
-                       return { type: 'Polygon', coordinates: [[
-                           [d.minX, d.minY],
-                           [d.maxX, d.minY],
-                           [d.maxX, d.maxY],
-                           [d.minX, d.maxY],
-                           [d.minX, d.minY]
-                       ]]};
-                   });
-               }
+           icons.enter().append('use').attr('class', 'icon ' + classes).attr('width', '17px').attr('height', '17px').merge(icons).attr('transform', get(labels, 'transform')).attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(d, context.graph());
+             var picon = preset && preset.icon;
 
-               var boxes = selection.selectAll('.' + which)
-                   .data(gj);
+             if (!picon) {
+               return '';
+             } else {
+               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
+               return '#' + picon + (isMaki ? '-15' : '');
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-               // exit
-               boxes.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         function drawCollisionBoxes(selection, rtree, which) {
+           var classes = 'debug ' + which + ' ' + (which === 'debug-skipped' ? 'orange' : 'yellow');
+           var gj = [];
 
-               // enter/update
-               boxes.enter()
-                   .append('path')
-                   .attr('class', classes)
-                   .merge(boxes)
-                   .attr('d', d3_geoPath());
+           if (context.getDebug('collision')) {
+             gj = rtree.all().map(function (d) {
+               return {
+                 type: 'Polygon',
+                 coordinates: [[[d.minX, d.minY], [d.maxX, d.minY], [d.maxX, d.maxY], [d.minX, d.maxY], [d.minX, d.minY]]]
+               };
+             });
            }
 
+           var boxes = selection.selectAll('.' + which).data(gj); // exit
 
-           function drawLabels(selection, graph, entities, filter, dimensions, fullRedraw) {
-               var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
-               var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
-
-               var labelable = [];
-               var renderNodeAs = {};
-               var i, j, k, entity, geometry;
-
-               for (i = 0; i < labelStack.length; i++) {
-                   labelable.push([]);
-               }
+           boxes.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-               if (fullRedraw) {
-                   _rdrawn.clear();
-                   _rskipped.clear();
-                   _entitybboxes = {};
+           boxes.enter().append('path').attr('class', classes).merge(boxes).attr('d', d3_geoPath());
+         }
 
-               } else {
-                   for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-                       entity = entities[i];
-                       var toRemove = []
-                           .concat(_entitybboxes[entity.id] || [])
-                           .concat(_entitybboxes[entity.id + 'I'] || []);
-
-                       for (j = 0; j < toRemove.length; j++) {
-                           _rdrawn.remove(toRemove[j]);
-                           _rskipped.remove(toRemove[j]);
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+         function drawLabels(selection, graph, entities, filter, dimensions, fullRedraw) {
+           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
+           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+           var labelable = [];
+           var renderNodeAs = {};
+           var i, j, k, entity, geometry;
 
-               // Loop through all the entities to do some preprocessing
-               for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-                   entity = entities[i];
-                   geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+           for (i = 0; i < labelStack.length; i++) {
+             labelable.push([]);
+           }
 
-                   // Insert collision boxes around interesting points/vertices
-                   if (geometry === 'point' || (geometry === 'vertex' && isInterestingVertex(entity))) {
-                       var hasDirections = entity.directions(graph, projection).length;
-                       var markerPadding;
+           if (fullRedraw) {
+             _rdrawn.clear();
 
-                       if (!wireframe && geometry === 'point' && !(zoom >= 18 && hasDirections)) {
-                           renderNodeAs[entity.id] = 'point';
-                           markerPadding = 20;   // extra y for marker height
-                       } else {
-                           renderNodeAs[entity.id] = 'vertex';
-                           markerPadding = 0;
-                       }
+             _rskipped.clear();
 
-                       var coord = projection(entity.loc);
-                       var nodePadding = 10;
-                       var bbox = {
-                           minX: coord[0] - nodePadding,
-                           minY: coord[1] - nodePadding - markerPadding,
-                           maxX: coord[0] + nodePadding,
-                           maxY: coord[1] + nodePadding
-                       };
+             _entitybboxes = {};
+           } else {
+             for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+               entity = entities[i];
+               var toRemove = [].concat(_entitybboxes[entity.id] || []).concat(_entitybboxes[entity.id + 'I'] || []);
 
-                       doInsert(bbox, entity.id + 'P');
-                   }
+               for (j = 0; j < toRemove.length; j++) {
+                 _rdrawn.remove(toRemove[j]);
 
-                   // From here on, treat vertices like points
-                   if (geometry === 'vertex') {
-                       geometry = 'point';
-                   }
+                 _rskipped.remove(toRemove[j]);
+               }
+             }
+           } // Loop through all the entities to do some preprocessing
 
-                   // Determine which entities are label-able
-                   var preset = geometry === 'area' && _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
-                   var icon = preset && !shouldSkipIcon(preset) && preset.icon;
 
-                   if (!icon && !utilDisplayName(entity))
-                       continue;
+           for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+             entity = entities[i];
+             geometry = entity.geometry(graph); // Insert collision boxes around interesting points/vertices
 
-                   for (k = 0; k < labelStack.length; k++) {
-                       var matchGeom = labelStack[k][0];
-                       var matchKey = labelStack[k][1];
-                       var matchVal = labelStack[k][2];
-                       var hasVal = entity.tags[matchKey];
+             if (geometry === 'point' || geometry === 'vertex' && isInterestingVertex(entity)) {
+               var hasDirections = entity.directions(graph, projection).length;
+               var markerPadding;
 
-                       if (geometry === matchGeom && hasVal && (matchVal === '*' || matchVal === hasVal)) {
-                           labelable[k].push(entity);
-                           break;
-                       }
-                   }
+               if (!wireframe && geometry === 'point' && !(zoom >= 18 && hasDirections)) {
+                 renderNodeAs[entity.id] = 'point';
+                 markerPadding = 20; // extra y for marker height
+               } else {
+                 renderNodeAs[entity.id] = 'vertex';
+                 markerPadding = 0;
                }
 
-               var positions = {
-                   point: [],
-                   line: [],
-                   area: []
+               var coord = projection(entity.loc);
+               var nodePadding = 10;
+               var bbox = {
+                 minX: coord[0] - nodePadding,
+                 minY: coord[1] - nodePadding - markerPadding,
+                 maxX: coord[0] + nodePadding,
+                 maxY: coord[1] + nodePadding
                };
+               doInsert(bbox, entity.id + 'P');
+             } // From here on, treat vertices like points
 
-               var labelled = {
-                   point: [],
-                   line: [],
-                   area: []
-               };
 
-               // Try and find a valid label for labellable entities
-               for (k = 0; k < labelable.length; k++) {
-                   var fontSize = labelStack[k][3];
+             if (geometry === 'vertex') {
+               geometry = 'point';
+             } // Determine which entities are label-able
+
 
-                   for (i = 0; i < labelable[k].length; i++) {
-                       entity = labelable[k][i];
-                       geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+             var preset = geometry === 'area' && _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+             var icon = preset && !shouldSkipIcon(preset) && preset.icon;
+             if (!icon && !utilDisplayName(entity)) continue;
 
-                       var getName = (geometry === 'line') ? utilDisplayNameForPath : utilDisplayName;
-                       var name = getName(entity);
-                       var width = name && textWidth(name, fontSize);
-                       var p = null;
+             for (k = 0; k < labelStack.length; k++) {
+               var matchGeom = labelStack[k][0];
+               var matchKey = labelStack[k][1];
+               var matchVal = labelStack[k][2];
+               var hasVal = entity.tags[matchKey];
 
-                       if (geometry === 'point' || geometry === 'vertex') {
-                           // no point or vertex labels in wireframe mode
-                           // no vertex labels at low zooms (vertices have no icons)
-                           if (wireframe) continue;
-                           var renderAs = renderNodeAs[entity.id];
-                           if (renderAs === 'vertex' && zoom < 17) continue;
+               if (geometry === matchGeom && hasVal && (matchVal === '*' || matchVal === hasVal)) {
+                 labelable[k].push(entity);
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-                           p = getPointLabel(entity, width, fontSize, renderAs);
+           var positions = {
+             point: [],
+             line: [],
+             area: []
+           };
+           var labelled = {
+             point: [],
+             line: [],
+             area: []
+           }; // Try and find a valid label for labellable entities
 
-                       } else if (geometry === 'line') {
-                           p = getLineLabel(entity, width, fontSize);
+           for (k = 0; k < labelable.length; k++) {
+             var fontSize = labelStack[k][3];
 
-                       } else if (geometry === 'area') {
-                           p = getAreaLabel(entity, width, fontSize);
-                       }
+             for (i = 0; i < labelable[k].length; i++) {
+               entity = labelable[k][i];
+               geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+               var getName = geometry === 'line' ? utilDisplayNameForPath : utilDisplayName;
+               var name = getName(entity);
+               var width = name && textWidth(name, fontSize);
+               var p = null;
 
-                       if (p) {
-                           if (geometry === 'vertex') { geometry = 'point'; }  // treat vertex like point
-                           p.classes = geometry + ' tag-' + labelStack[k][1];
-                           positions[geometry].push(p);
-                           labelled[geometry].push(entity);
-                       }
-                   }
+               if (geometry === 'point' || geometry === 'vertex') {
+                 // no point or vertex labels in wireframe mode
+                 // no vertex labels at low zooms (vertices have no icons)
+                 if (wireframe) continue;
+                 var renderAs = renderNodeAs[entity.id];
+                 if (renderAs === 'vertex' && zoom < 17) continue;
+                 p = getPointLabel(entity, width, fontSize, renderAs);
+               } else if (geometry === 'line') {
+                 p = getLineLabel(entity, width, fontSize);
+               } else if (geometry === 'area') {
+                 p = getAreaLabel(entity, width, fontSize);
                }
 
+               if (p) {
+                 if (geometry === 'vertex') {
+                   geometry = 'point';
+                 } // treat vertex like point
 
-               function isInterestingVertex(entity) {
-                   var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs();
 
-                   return entity.hasInterestingTags() ||
-                       entity.isEndpoint(graph) ||
-                       entity.isConnected(graph) ||
-                       selectedIDs.indexOf(entity.id) !== -1 ||
-                       graph.parentWays(entity).some(function(parent) {
-                           return selectedIDs.indexOf(parent.id) !== -1;
-                       });
+                 p.classes = geometry + ' tag-' + labelStack[k][1];
+                 positions[geometry].push(p);
+                 labelled[geometry].push(entity);
                }
+             }
+           }
 
+           function isInterestingVertex(entity) {
+             var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs();
+             return entity.hasInterestingTags() || entity.isEndpoint(graph) || entity.isConnected(graph) || selectedIDs.indexOf(entity.id) !== -1 || graph.parentWays(entity).some(function (parent) {
+               return selectedIDs.indexOf(parent.id) !== -1;
+             });
+           }
 
-               function getPointLabel(entity, width, height, geometry) {
-                   var y = (geometry === 'point' ? -12 : 0);
-                   var pointOffsets = {
-                       ltr: [15, y, 'start'],
-                       rtl: [-15, y, 'end']
-                   };
+           function getPointLabel(entity, width, height, geometry) {
+             var y = geometry === 'point' ? -12 : 0;
+             var pointOffsets = {
+               ltr: [15, y, 'start'],
+               rtl: [-15, y, 'end']
+             };
+             var textDirection = _mainLocalizer.textDirection();
+             var coord = projection(entity.loc);
+             var textPadding = 2;
+             var offset = pointOffsets[textDirection];
+             var p = {
+               height: height,
+               width: width,
+               x: coord[0] + offset[0],
+               y: coord[1] + offset[1],
+               textAnchor: offset[2]
+             }; // insert a collision box for the text label..
+
+             var bbox;
+
+             if (textDirection === 'rtl') {
+               bbox = {
+                 minX: p.x - width - textPadding,
+                 minY: p.y - height / 2 - textPadding,
+                 maxX: p.x + textPadding,
+                 maxY: p.y + height / 2 + textPadding
+               };
+             } else {
+               bbox = {
+                 minX: p.x - textPadding,
+                 minY: p.y - height / 2 - textPadding,
+                 maxX: p.x + width + textPadding,
+                 maxY: p.y + height / 2 + textPadding
+               };
+             }
 
-                   var textDirection = _mainLocalizer.textDirection();
+             if (tryInsert([bbox], entity.id, true)) {
+               return p;
+             }
+           }
 
-                   var coord = projection(entity.loc);
-                   var textPadding = 2;
-                   var offset = pointOffsets[textDirection];
-                   var p = {
-                       height: height,
-                       width: width,
-                       x: coord[0] + offset[0],
-                       y: coord[1] + offset[1],
-                       textAnchor: offset[2]
-                   };
+           function getLineLabel(entity, width, height) {
+             var viewport = geoExtent(context.projection.clipExtent()).polygon();
+             var points = graph.childNodes(entity).map(function (node) {
+               return projection(node.loc);
+             });
+             var length = geoPathLength(points);
+             if (length < width + 20) return; // % along the line to attempt to place the label
 
-                   // insert a collision box for the text label..
-                   var bbox;
-                   if (textDirection === 'rtl') {
-                       bbox = {
-                           minX: p.x - width - textPadding,
-                           minY: p.y - (height / 2) - textPadding,
-                           maxX: p.x + textPadding,
-                           maxY: p.y + (height / 2) + textPadding
-                       };
-                   } else {
-                       bbox = {
-                           minX: p.x - textPadding,
-                           minY: p.y - (height / 2) - textPadding,
-                           maxX: p.x + width + textPadding,
-                           maxY: p.y + (height / 2) + textPadding
-                       };
-                   }
+             var lineOffsets = [50, 45, 55, 40, 60, 35, 65, 30, 70, 25, 75, 20, 80, 15, 95, 10, 90, 5, 95];
+             var padding = 3;
 
-                   if (tryInsert([bbox], entity.id, true)) {
-                       return p;
-                   }
+             for (var i = 0; i < lineOffsets.length; i++) {
+               var offset = lineOffsets[i];
+               var middle = offset / 100 * length;
+               var start = middle - width / 2;
+               if (start < 0 || start + width > length) continue; // generate subpath and ignore paths that are invalid or don't cross viewport.
+
+               var sub = subpath(points, start, start + width);
+
+               if (!sub || !geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(viewport, sub, true)) {
+                 continue;
                }
 
+               var isReverse = reverse(sub);
 
-               function getLineLabel(entity, width, height) {
-                   var viewport = geoExtent(context.projection.clipExtent()).polygon();
-                   var points = graph.childNodes(entity)
-                       .map(function(node) { return projection(node.loc); });
-                   var length = geoPathLength(points);
+               if (isReverse) {
+                 sub = sub.reverse();
+               }
 
-                   if (length < width + 20) return;
+               var bboxes = [];
+               var boxsize = (height + 2) / 2;
 
-                   // % along the line to attempt to place the label
-                   var lineOffsets = [50, 45, 55, 40, 60, 35, 65, 30, 70,
-                                      25, 75, 20, 80, 15, 95, 10, 90, 5, 95];
-                   var padding = 3;
+               for (var j = 0; j < sub.length - 1; j++) {
+                 var a = sub[j];
+                 var b = sub[j + 1]; // split up the text into small collision boxes
 
-                   for (var i = 0; i < lineOffsets.length; i++) {
-                       var offset = lineOffsets[i];
-                       var middle = offset / 100 * length;
-                       var start = middle - width / 2;
+                 var num = Math.max(1, Math.floor(geoVecLength(a, b) / boxsize / 2));
 
-                       if (start < 0 || start + width > length) continue;
+                 for (var box = 0; box < num; box++) {
+                   var p = geoVecInterp(a, b, box / num);
+                   var x0 = p[0] - boxsize - padding;
+                   var y0 = p[1] - boxsize - padding;
+                   var x1 = p[0] + boxsize + padding;
+                   var y1 = p[1] + boxsize + padding;
+                   bboxes.push({
+                     minX: Math.min(x0, x1),
+                     minY: Math.min(y0, y1),
+                     maxX: Math.max(x0, x1),
+                     maxY: Math.max(y0, y1)
+                   });
+                 }
+               }
 
-                       // generate subpath and ignore paths that are invalid or don't cross viewport.
-                       var sub = subpath(points, start, start + width);
-                       if (!sub || !geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(viewport, sub, true)) {
-                           continue;
-                       }
+               if (tryInsert(bboxes, entity.id, false)) {
+                 // accept this one
+                 return {
+                   'font-size': height + 2,
+                   lineString: lineString(sub),
+                   startOffset: offset + '%'
+                 };
+               }
+             }
 
-                       var isReverse = reverse(sub);
-                       if (isReverse) {
-                           sub = sub.reverse();
-                       }
+             function reverse(p) {
+               var angle = Math.atan2(p[1][1] - p[0][1], p[1][0] - p[0][0]);
+               return !(p[0][0] < p[p.length - 1][0] && angle < Math.PI / 2 && angle > -Math.PI / 2);
+             }
 
-                       var bboxes = [];
-                       var boxsize = (height + 2) / 2;
-
-                       for (var j = 0; j < sub.length - 1; j++) {
-                           var a = sub[j];
-                           var b = sub[j + 1];
-
-                           // split up the text into small collision boxes
-                           var num = Math.max(1, Math.floor(geoVecLength(a, b) / boxsize / 2));
-
-                           for (var box = 0; box < num; box++) {
-                               var p = geoVecInterp(a, b, box / num);
-                               var x0 = p[0] - boxsize - padding;
-                               var y0 = p[1] - boxsize - padding;
-                               var x1 = p[0] + boxsize + padding;
-                               var y1 = p[1] + boxsize + padding;
-
-                               bboxes.push({
-                                   minX: Math.min(x0, x1),
-                                   minY: Math.min(y0, y1),
-                                   maxX: Math.max(x0, x1),
-                                   maxY: Math.max(y0, y1)
-                               });
-                           }
-                       }
+             function lineString(points) {
+               return 'M' + points.join('L');
+             }
 
-                       if (tryInsert(bboxes, entity.id, false)) {   // accept this one
-                           return {
-                               'font-size': height + 2,
-                               lineString: lineString(sub),
-                               startOffset: offset + '%'
-                           };
-                       }
-                   }
+             function subpath(points, from, to) {
+               var sofar = 0;
+               var start, end, i0, i1;
 
-                   function reverse(p) {
-                       var angle = Math.atan2(p[1][1] - p[0][1], p[1][0] - p[0][0]);
-                       return !(p[0][0] < p[p.length - 1][0] && angle < Math.PI/2 && angle > -Math.PI/2);
-                   }
+               for (var i = 0; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
+                 var a = points[i];
+                 var b = points[i + 1];
+                 var current = geoVecLength(a, b);
+                 var portion;
 
-                   function lineString(points) {
-                       return 'M' + points.join('L');
-                   }
+                 if (!start && sofar + current >= from) {
+                   portion = (from - sofar) / current;
+                   start = [a[0] + portion * (b[0] - a[0]), a[1] + portion * (b[1] - a[1])];
+                   i0 = i + 1;
+                 }
 
-                   function subpath(points, from, to) {
-                       var sofar = 0;
-                       var start, end, i0, i1;
-
-                       for (var i = 0; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
-                           var a = points[i];
-                           var b = points[i + 1];
-                           var current = geoVecLength(a, b);
-                           var portion;
-                           if (!start && sofar + current >= from) {
-                               portion = (from - sofar) / current;
-                               start = [
-                                   a[0] + portion * (b[0] - a[0]),
-                                   a[1] + portion * (b[1] - a[1])
-                               ];
-                               i0 = i + 1;
-                           }
-                           if (!end && sofar + current >= to) {
-                               portion = (to - sofar) / current;
-                               end = [
-                                   a[0] + portion * (b[0] - a[0]),
-                                   a[1] + portion * (b[1] - a[1])
-                               ];
-                               i1 = i + 1;
-                           }
-                           sofar += current;
-                       }
+                 if (!end && sofar + current >= to) {
+                   portion = (to - sofar) / current;
+                   end = [a[0] + portion * (b[0] - a[0]), a[1] + portion * (b[1] - a[1])];
+                   i1 = i + 1;
+                 }
 
-                       var result = points.slice(i0, i1);
-                       result.unshift(start);
-                       result.push(end);
-                       return result;
-                   }
+                 sofar += current;
                }
 
+               var result = points.slice(i0, i1);
+               result.unshift(start);
+               result.push(end);
+               return result;
+             }
+           }
 
-               function getAreaLabel(entity, width, height) {
-                   var centroid = path.centroid(entity.asGeoJSON(graph, true));
-                   var extent = entity.extent(graph);
-                   var areaWidth = projection(extent[1])[0] - projection(extent[0])[0];
+           function getAreaLabel(entity, width, height) {
+             var centroid = path.centroid(entity.asGeoJSON(graph));
+             var extent = entity.extent(graph);
+             var areaWidth = projection(extent[1])[0] - projection(extent[0])[0];
+             if (isNaN(centroid[0]) || areaWidth < 20) return;
+             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+             var picon = preset && preset.icon;
+             var iconSize = 17;
+             var padding = 2;
+             var p = {};
 
-                   if (isNaN(centroid[0]) || areaWidth < 20) return;
+             if (picon) {
+               // icon and label..
+               if (addIcon()) {
+                 addLabel(iconSize + padding);
+                 return p;
+               }
+             } else {
+               // label only..
+               if (addLabel(0)) {
+                 return p;
+               }
+             }
 
-                   var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-                   var picon = preset && preset.icon;
-                   var iconSize = 17;
-                   var padding = 2;
-                   var p = {};
-
-                   if (picon) {  // icon and label..
-                       if (addIcon()) {
-                           addLabel(iconSize + padding);
-                           return p;
-                       }
-                   } else {   // label only..
-                       if (addLabel(0)) {
-                           return p;
-                       }
-                   }
+             function addIcon() {
+               var iconX = centroid[0] - iconSize / 2;
+               var iconY = centroid[1] - iconSize / 2;
+               var bbox = {
+                 minX: iconX,
+                 minY: iconY,
+                 maxX: iconX + iconSize,
+                 maxY: iconY + iconSize
+               };
 
+               if (tryInsert([bbox], entity.id + 'I', true)) {
+                 p.transform = 'translate(' + iconX + ',' + iconY + ')';
+                 return true;
+               }
 
-                   function addIcon() {
-                       var iconX = centroid[0] - (iconSize / 2);
-                       var iconY = centroid[1] - (iconSize / 2);
-                       var bbox = {
-                           minX: iconX,
-                           minY: iconY,
-                           maxX: iconX + iconSize,
-                           maxY: iconY + iconSize
-                       };
+               return false;
+             }
 
-                       if (tryInsert([bbox], entity.id + 'I', true)) {
-                           p.transform = 'translate(' + iconX + ',' + iconY + ')';
-                           return true;
-                       }
-                       return false;
-                   }
+             function addLabel(yOffset) {
+               if (width && areaWidth >= width + 20) {
+                 var labelX = centroid[0];
+                 var labelY = centroid[1] + yOffset;
+                 var bbox = {
+                   minX: labelX - width / 2 - padding,
+                   minY: labelY - height / 2 - padding,
+                   maxX: labelX + width / 2 + padding,
+                   maxY: labelY + height / 2 + padding
+                 };
 
-                   function addLabel(yOffset) {
-                       if (width && areaWidth >= width + 20) {
-                           var labelX = centroid[0];
-                           var labelY = centroid[1] + yOffset;
-                           var bbox = {
-                               minX: labelX - (width / 2) - padding,
-                               minY: labelY - (height / 2) - padding,
-                               maxX: labelX + (width / 2) + padding,
-                               maxY: labelY + (height / 2) + padding
-                           };
-
-                           if (tryInsert([bbox], entity.id, true)) {
-                               p.x = labelX;
-                               p.y = labelY;
-                               p.textAnchor = 'middle';
-                               p.height = height;
-                               return true;
-                           }
-                       }
-                       return false;
-                   }
+                 if (tryInsert([bbox], entity.id, true)) {
+                   p.x = labelX;
+                   p.y = labelY;
+                   p.textAnchor = 'middle';
+                   p.height = height;
+                   return true;
+                 }
                }
 
+               return false;
+             }
+           } // force insert a singular bounding box
+           // singular box only, no array, id better be unique
 
-               // force insert a singular bounding box
-               // singular box only, no array, id better be unique
-               function doInsert(bbox, id) {
-                   bbox.id = id;
-
-                   var oldbox = _entitybboxes[id];
-                   if (oldbox) {
-                       _rdrawn.remove(oldbox);
-                   }
-                   _entitybboxes[id] = bbox;
-                   _rdrawn.insert(bbox);
-               }
 
+           function doInsert(bbox, id) {
+             bbox.id = id;
+             var oldbox = _entitybboxes[id];
 
-               function tryInsert(bboxes, id, saveSkipped) {
-                   var skipped = false;
+             if (oldbox) {
+               _rdrawn.remove(oldbox);
+             }
 
-                   for (var i = 0; i < bboxes.length; i++) {
-                       var bbox = bboxes[i];
-                       bbox.id = id;
+             _entitybboxes[id] = bbox;
 
-                       // Check that label is visible
-                       if (bbox.minX < 0 || bbox.minY < 0 || bbox.maxX > dimensions[0] || bbox.maxY > dimensions[1]) {
-                           skipped = true;
-                           break;
-                       }
-                       if (_rdrawn.collides(bbox)) {
-                           skipped = true;
-                           break;
-                       }
-                   }
+             _rdrawn.insert(bbox);
+           }
 
-                   _entitybboxes[id] = bboxes;
+           function tryInsert(bboxes, id, saveSkipped) {
+             var skipped = false;
 
-                   if (skipped) {
-                       if (saveSkipped) {
-                           _rskipped.load(bboxes);
-                       }
-                   } else {
-                       _rdrawn.load(bboxes);
-                   }
+             for (var i = 0; i < bboxes.length; i++) {
+               var bbox = bboxes[i];
+               bbox.id = id; // Check that label is visible
 
-                   return !skipped;
+               if (bbox.minX < 0 || bbox.minY < 0 || bbox.maxX > dimensions[0] || bbox.maxY > dimensions[1]) {
+                 skipped = true;
+                 break;
                }
 
+               if (_rdrawn.collides(bbox)) {
+                 skipped = true;
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
 
-               var layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.labels');
-               layer.selectAll('.labels-group')
-                   .data(['halo', 'label', 'debug'])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'labels-group ' + d; });
+             _entitybboxes[id] = bboxes;
 
-               var halo = layer.selectAll('.labels-group.halo');
-               var label = layer.selectAll('.labels-group.label');
-               var debug = layer.selectAll('.labels-group.debug');
+             if (skipped) {
+               if (saveSkipped) {
+                 _rskipped.load(bboxes);
+               }
+             } else {
+               _rdrawn.load(bboxes);
+             }
 
-               // points
-               drawPointLabels(label, labelled.point, filter, 'pointlabel', positions.point);
-               drawPointLabels(halo, labelled.point, filter, 'pointlabel-halo', positions.point);
+             return !skipped;
+           }
 
-               // lines
-               drawLinePaths(layer, labelled.line, filter, '', positions.line);
-               drawLineLabels(label, labelled.line, filter, 'linelabel', positions.line);
-               drawLineLabels(halo, labelled.line, filter, 'linelabel-halo', positions.line);
+           var layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.labels');
+           layer.selectAll('.labels-group').data(['halo', 'label', 'debug']).enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'labels-group ' + d;
+           });
+           var halo = layer.selectAll('.labels-group.halo');
+           var label = layer.selectAll('.labels-group.label');
+           var debug = layer.selectAll('.labels-group.debug'); // points
 
-               // areas
-               drawAreaLabels(label, labelled.area, filter, 'arealabel', positions.area);
-               drawAreaLabels(halo, labelled.area, filter, 'arealabel-halo', positions.area);
-               drawAreaIcons(label, labelled.area, filter, 'areaicon', positions.area);
-               drawAreaIcons(halo, labelled.area, filter, 'areaicon-halo', positions.area);
+           drawPointLabels(label, labelled.point, filter, 'pointlabel', positions.point);
+           drawPointLabels(halo, labelled.point, filter, 'pointlabel-halo', positions.point); // lines
 
-               // debug
-               drawCollisionBoxes(debug, _rskipped, 'debug-skipped');
-               drawCollisionBoxes(debug, _rdrawn, 'debug-drawn');
+           drawLinePaths(layer, labelled.line, filter, '', positions.line);
+           drawLineLabels(label, labelled.line, filter, 'linelabel', positions.line);
+           drawLineLabels(halo, labelled.line, filter, 'linelabel-halo', positions.line); // areas
 
-               layer.call(filterLabels);
-           }
+           drawAreaLabels(label, labelled.area, filter, 'arealabel', positions.area);
+           drawAreaLabels(halo, labelled.area, filter, 'arealabel-halo', positions.area);
+           drawAreaIcons(label, labelled.area, filter, 'areaicon', positions.area);
+           drawAreaIcons(halo, labelled.area, filter, 'areaicon-halo', positions.area); // debug
 
+           drawCollisionBoxes(debug, _rskipped, 'debug-skipped');
+           drawCollisionBoxes(debug, _rdrawn, 'debug-drawn');
+           layer.call(filterLabels);
+         }
 
-           function filterLabels(selection) {
-               var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.labels');
-               var layers = drawLayer.selectAll('.labels-group.halo, .labels-group.label');
+         function filterLabels(selection) {
+           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.labels');
+           var layers = drawLayer.selectAll('.labels-group.halo, .labels-group.label');
+           layers.selectAll('.nolabel').classed('nolabel', false);
+           var mouse = context.map().mouse();
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs();
+           var ids = [];
+           var pad, bbox; // hide labels near the mouse
+
+           if (mouse) {
+             pad = 20;
+             bbox = {
+               minX: mouse[0] - pad,
+               minY: mouse[1] - pad,
+               maxX: mouse[0] + pad,
+               maxY: mouse[1] + pad
+             };
 
-               layers.selectAll('.nolabel')
-                   .classed('nolabel', false);
+             var nearMouse = _rdrawn.search(bbox).map(function (entity) {
+               return entity.id;
+             });
 
-               var mouse = context.map().mouse();
-               var graph = context.graph();
-               var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs();
-               var ids = [];
-               var pad, bbox;
-
-               // hide labels near the mouse
-               if (mouse) {
-                   pad = 20;
-                   bbox = { minX: mouse[0] - pad, minY: mouse[1] - pad, maxX: mouse[0] + pad, maxY: mouse[1] + pad };
-                   var nearMouse = _rdrawn.search(bbox).map(function(entity) { return entity.id; });
-                   ids.push.apply(ids, nearMouse);
-               }
-
-               // hide labels on selected nodes (they look weird when dragging / haloed)
-               for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
-                   var entity = graph.hasEntity(selectedIDs[i]);
-                   if (entity && entity.type === 'node') {
-                       ids.push(selectedIDs[i]);
-                   }
-               }
+             ids.push.apply(ids, nearMouse);
+           } // hide labels on selected nodes (they look weird when dragging / haloed)
 
-               layers.selectAll(utilEntitySelector(ids))
-                   .classed('nolabel', true);
 
+           for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
+             var entity = graph.hasEntity(selectedIDs[i]);
 
-               // draw the mouse bbox if debugging is on..
-               var debug = selection.selectAll('.labels-group.debug');
-               var gj = [];
-               if (context.getDebug('collision')) {
-                   gj = bbox ? [{
-                       type: 'Polygon',
-                       coordinates: [[
-                           [bbox.minX, bbox.minY],
-                           [bbox.maxX, bbox.minY],
-                           [bbox.maxX, bbox.maxY],
-                           [bbox.minX, bbox.maxY],
-                           [bbox.minX, bbox.minY]
-                       ]]
-                   }] : [];
-               }
+             if (entity && entity.type === 'node') {
+               ids.push(selectedIDs[i]);
+             }
+           }
 
-               var box = debug.selectAll('.debug-mouse')
-                   .data(gj);
+           layers.selectAll(utilEntitySelector(ids)).classed('nolabel', true); // draw the mouse bbox if debugging is on..
 
-               // exit
-               box.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           var debug = selection.selectAll('.labels-group.debug');
+           var gj = [];
 
-               // enter/update
-               box.enter()
-                   .append('path')
-                   .attr('class', 'debug debug-mouse yellow')
-                   .merge(box)
-                   .attr('d', d3_geoPath());
+           if (context.getDebug('collision')) {
+             gj = bbox ? [{
+               type: 'Polygon',
+               coordinates: [[[bbox.minX, bbox.minY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.minY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.maxY], [bbox.minX, bbox.maxY], [bbox.minX, bbox.minY]]]
+             }] : [];
            }
 
+           var box = debug.selectAll('.debug-mouse').data(gj); // exit
 
-           var throttleFilterLabels = throttle(filterLabels, 100);
-
+           box.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-           drawLabels.observe = function(selection) {
-               var listener = function() { throttleFilterLabels(selection); };
-               selection.on('mousemove.hidelabels', listener);
-               context.on('enter.hidelabels', listener);
-           };
+           box.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'debug debug-mouse yellow').merge(box).attr('d', d3_geoPath());
+         }
 
+         var throttleFilterLabels = throttle(filterLabels, 100);
 
-           drawLabels.off = function(selection) {
-               throttleFilterLabels.cancel();
-               selection.on('mousemove.hidelabels', null);
-               context.on('enter.hidelabels', null);
+         drawLabels.observe = function (selection) {
+           var listener = function listener() {
+             throttleFilterLabels(selection);
            };
 
+           selection.on('mousemove.hidelabels', listener);
+           context.on('enter.hidelabels', listener);
+         };
+
+         drawLabels.off = function (selection) {
+           throttleFilterLabels.cancel();
+           selection.on('mousemove.hidelabels', null);
+           context.on('enter.hidelabels', null);
+         };
 
-           return drawLabels;
+         return drawLabels;
        }
 
-       let _layerEnabled$1 = false;
-       let _qaService$1;
+       var _layerEnabled$1 = false;
+
+       var _qaService$1;
 
        function svgImproveOSM(projection, context, dispatch) {
-         const throttledRedraw = throttle(() => dispatch.call('change'), 1000);
-         const minZoom = 12;
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           return dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
-         let touchLayer = select(null);
-         let drawLayer = select(null);
-         let layerVisible = false;
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var touchLayer = select(null);
+         var drawLayer = select(null);
+         var layerVisible = false;
 
          function markerPath(selection, klass) {
-           selection
-             .attr('class', klass)
-             .attr('transform', 'translate(-10, -28)')
-             .attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
-         }
+           selection.attr('class', klass).attr('transform', 'translate(-10, -28)').attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
+         } // Loosely-coupled improveOSM service for fetching issues
+
 
-         // Loosely-coupled improveOSM service for fetching issues
          function getService() {
            if (services.improveOSM && !_qaService$1) {
              _qaService$1 = services.improveOSM;
+
              _qaService$1.on('loaded', throttledRedraw);
            } else if (!services.improveOSM && _qaService$1) {
              _qaService$1 = null;
            }
 
            return _qaService$1;
-         }
+         } // Show the markers
+
 
-         // Show the markers
          function editOn() {
            if (!layerVisible) {
              layerVisible = true;
-             drawLayer
-               .style('display', 'block');
+             drawLayer.style('display', 'block');
            }
-         }
+         } // Immediately remove the markers and their touch targets
+
 
-         // Immediately remove the markers and their touch targets
          function editOff() {
            if (layerVisible) {
              layerVisible = false;
-             drawLayer
-               .style('display', 'none');
-             drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM')
-               .remove();
-             touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM')
-               .remove();
+             drawLayer.style('display', 'none');
+             drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM').remove();
+             touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM').remove();
            }
-         }
+         } // Enable the layer.  This shows the markers and transitions them to visible.
+
 
-         // Enable the layer.  This shows the markers and transitions them to visible.
          function layerOn() {
            editOn();
+           drawLayer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             return dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         } // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the markers.
 
-           drawLayer
-             .style('opacity', 0)
-             .transition()
-             .duration(250)
-             .style('opacity', 1)
-             .on('end interrupt', () => dispatch.call('change'));
-         }
 
-         // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the markers.
          function layerOff() {
            throttledRedraw.cancel();
            drawLayer.interrupt();
-           touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM')
-             .remove();
-
-           drawLayer
-             .transition()
-             .duration(250)
-             .style('opacity', 0)
-             .on('end interrupt', () => {
-               editOff();
-               dispatch.call('change');
-             });
-         }
+           touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM').remove();
+           drawLayer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             editOff();
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         } // Update the issue markers
+
 
-         // Update the issue markers
          function updateMarkers() {
            if (!layerVisible || !_layerEnabled$1) return;
+           var service = getService();
+           var selectedID = context.selectedErrorID();
+           var data = service ? service.getItems(projection) : [];
+           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection); // Draw markers..
 
-           const service = getService();
-           const selectedID = context.selectedErrorID();
-           const data = (service ? service.getItems(projection) : []);
-           const getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection);
-
-           // Draw markers..
-           const markers = drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM')
-             .data(data, d => d.id);
+           var markers = drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-           // exit
-           markers.exit()
-             .remove();
+           markers.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-           // enter
-           const markersEnter = markers.enter()
-             .append('g')
-               .attr('class', d => `qaItem ${d.service} itemId-${d.id} itemType-${d.itemType}`);
-
-           markersEnter
-             .append('polygon')
-               .call(markerPath, 'shadow');
-
-           markersEnter
-             .append('ellipse')
-               .attr('cx', 0)
-               .attr('cy', 0)
-               .attr('rx', 4.5)
-               .attr('ry', 2)
-               .attr('class', 'stroke');
-
-           markersEnter
-             .append('polygon')
-               .attr('fill', 'currentColor')
-               .call(markerPath, 'qaItem-fill');
-
-           markersEnter
-             .append('use')
-               .attr('transform', 'translate(-6.5, -23)')
-               .attr('class', 'icon-annotation')
-               .attr('width', '13px')
-               .attr('height', '13px')
-               .attr('xlink:href', d => {
-                 const picon = d.icon;
-
-                 if (!picon) {
-                 return '';
-                 } else {
-                 const isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
-                 return `#${picon}${isMaki ? '-11' : ''}`;
-                 }
-               });
+           var markersEnter = markers.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.itemType);
+           });
+           markersEnter.append('polygon').call(markerPath, 'shadow');
+           markersEnter.append('ellipse').attr('cx', 0).attr('cy', 0).attr('rx', 4.5).attr('ry', 2).attr('class', 'stroke');
+           markersEnter.append('polygon').attr('fill', 'currentColor').call(markerPath, 'qaItem-fill');
+           markersEnter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-6.5, -23)').attr('class', 'icon-annotation').attr('width', '13px').attr('height', '13px').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             var picon = d.icon;
 
-           // update
-           markers
-             .merge(markersEnter)
-             .sort(sortY)
-               .classed('selected', d => d.id === selectedID)
-               .attr('transform', getTransform);
+             if (!picon) {
+               return '';
+             } else {
+               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
+               return "#".concat(picon).concat(isMaki ? '-11' : '');
+             }
+           }); // update
 
+           markers.merge(markersEnter).sort(sortY).classed('selected', function (d) {
+             return d.id === selectedID;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform); // Draw targets..
 
-           // Draw targets..
            if (touchLayer.empty()) return;
-           const fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-
-           const targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM')
-             .data(data, d => d.id);
-
-           // exit
-           targets.exit()
-             .remove();
-
-           // enter/update
-           targets.enter()
-             .append('rect')
-               .attr('width', '20px')
-               .attr('height', '30px')
-               .attr('x', '-10px')
-               .attr('y', '-28px')
-             .merge(targets)
-             .sort(sortY)
-               .attr('class', d => `qaItem ${d.service} target ${fillClass} itemId-${d.id}`)
-               .attr('transform', getTransform);
+           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
+
+           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+
+           targets.enter().append('rect').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '30px').attr('x', '-10px').attr('y', '-28px').merge(targets).sort(sortY).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " target ").concat(fillClass, " itemId-").concat(d.id);
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
 
            function sortY(a, b) {
-             return (a.id === selectedID) ? 1
-               : (b.id === selectedID) ? -1
-               : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
+             return a.id === selectedID ? 1 : b.id === selectedID ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
            }
-         }
+         } // Draw the ImproveOSM layer and schedule loading issues and updating markers.
+
 
-         // Draw the ImproveOSM layer and schedule loading issues and updating markers.
          function drawImproveOSM(selection) {
-           const service = getService();
+           var service = getService();
+           var surface = context.surface();
 
-           const surface = context.surface();
            if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
              touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
            }
 
-           drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-improveOSM')
-             .data(service ? [0] : []);
-
-           drawLayer.exit()
-             .remove();
-
-           drawLayer = drawLayer.enter()
-             .append('g')
-               .attr('class', 'layer-improveOSM')
-               .style('display', _layerEnabled$1 ? 'block' : 'none')
-             .merge(drawLayer);
+           drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-improveOSM').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           drawLayer.exit().remove();
+           drawLayer = drawLayer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-improveOSM').style('display', _layerEnabled$1 ? 'block' : 'none').merge(drawLayer);
 
            if (_layerEnabled$1) {
              if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
                editOff();
              }
            }
-         }
+         } // Toggles the layer on and off
 
-         // Toggles the layer on and off
-         drawImproveOSM.enabled = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _layerEnabled$1;
 
+         drawImproveOSM.enabled = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _layerEnabled$1;
            _layerEnabled$1 = val;
+
            if (_layerEnabled$1) {
              layerOn();
            } else {
              layerOff();
+
              if (context.selectedErrorID()) {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
              }
            return this;
          };
 
-         drawImproveOSM.supported = () => !!getService();
+         drawImproveOSM.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
          return drawImproveOSM;
        }
 
-       let _layerEnabled$2 = false;
-       let _qaService$2;
+       var _layerEnabled = false;
+
+       var _qaService;
 
        function svgOsmose(projection, context, dispatch) {
-         const throttledRedraw = throttle(() => dispatch.call('change'), 1000);
-         const minZoom = 12;
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           return dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
-         let touchLayer = select(null);
-         let drawLayer = select(null);
-         let layerVisible = false;
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var touchLayer = select(null);
+         var drawLayer = select(null);
+         var layerVisible = false;
 
          function markerPath(selection, klass) {
-           selection
-             .attr('class', klass)
-             .attr('transform', 'translate(-10, -28)')
-             .attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
-         }
+           selection.attr('class', klass).attr('transform', 'translate(-10, -28)').attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
+         } // Loosely-coupled osmose service for fetching issues
+
 
-         // Loosely-coupled osmose service for fetching issues
          function getService() {
-           if (services.osmose && !_qaService$2) {
-             _qaService$2 = services.osmose;
-             _qaService$2.on('loaded', throttledRedraw);
-           } else if (!services.osmose && _qaService$2) {
-             _qaService$2 = null;
+           if (services.osmose && !_qaService) {
+             _qaService = services.osmose;
+
+             _qaService.on('loaded', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.osmose && _qaService) {
+             _qaService = null;
            }
 
-           return _qaService$2;
-         }
+           return _qaService;
+         } // Show the markers
+
 
-         // Show the markers
          function editOn() {
            if (!layerVisible) {
              layerVisible = true;
-             drawLayer
-               .style('display', 'block');
+             drawLayer.style('display', 'block');
            }
-         }
+         } // Immediately remove the markers and their touch targets
+
 
-         // Immediately remove the markers and their touch targets
          function editOff() {
            if (layerVisible) {
              layerVisible = false;
-             drawLayer
-               .style('display', 'none');
-             drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose')
-               .remove();
-             touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose')
-               .remove();
+             drawLayer.style('display', 'none');
+             drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose').remove();
+             touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose').remove();
            }
-         }
+         } // Enable the layer.  This shows the markers and transitions them to visible.
+
 
-         // Enable the layer.  This shows the markers and transitions them to visible.
          function layerOn() {
            editOn();
+           drawLayer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             return dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         } // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the markers.
 
-           drawLayer
-             .style('opacity', 0)
-             .transition()
-             .duration(250)
-             .style('opacity', 1)
-             .on('end interrupt', () => dispatch.call('change'));
-         }
 
-         // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the markers.
          function layerOff() {
            throttledRedraw.cancel();
            drawLayer.interrupt();
-           touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose')
-             .remove();
-
-           drawLayer
-             .transition()
-             .duration(250)
-             .style('opacity', 0)
-             .on('end interrupt', () => {
-               editOff();
-               dispatch.call('change');
-             });
-         }
+           touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose').remove();
+           drawLayer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             editOff();
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         } // Update the issue markers
 
-         // Update the issue markers
-         function updateMarkers() {
-           if (!layerVisible || !_layerEnabled$2) return;
 
-           const service = getService();
-           const selectedID = context.selectedErrorID();
-           const data = (service ? service.getItems(projection) : []);
-           const getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection);
+         function updateMarkers() {
+           if (!layerVisible || !_layerEnabled) return;
+           var service = getService();
+           var selectedID = context.selectedErrorID();
+           var data = service ? service.getItems(projection) : [];
+           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection); // Draw markers..
 
-           // Draw markers..
-           const markers = drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose')
-             .data(data, d => d.id);
+           var markers = drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-           // exit
-           markers.exit()
-             .remove();
+           markers.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-           // enter
-           const markersEnter = markers.enter()
-             .append('g')
-               .attr('class', d => `qaItem ${d.service} itemId-${d.id} itemType-${d.itemType}`);
-
-           markersEnter
-             .append('polygon')
-               .call(markerPath, 'shadow');
-
-           markersEnter
-             .append('ellipse')
-               .attr('cx', 0)
-               .attr('cy', 0)
-               .attr('rx', 4.5)
-               .attr('ry', 2)
-               .attr('class', 'stroke');
-
-           markersEnter
-             .append('polygon')
-               .attr('fill', d => service.getColor(d.item))
-               .call(markerPath, 'qaItem-fill');
-
-           markersEnter
-             .append('use')
-               .attr('transform', 'translate(-6.5, -23)')
-               .attr('class', 'icon-annotation')
-               .attr('width', '13px')
-               .attr('height', '13px')
-               .attr('xlink:href', d => {
-                 const picon = d.icon;
-
-                 if (!picon) {
-                   return '';
-                 } else {
-                   const isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
-                   return `#${picon}${isMaki ? '-11' : ''}`;
-                 }
-               });
+           var markersEnter = markers.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.itemType);
+           });
+           markersEnter.append('polygon').call(markerPath, 'shadow');
+           markersEnter.append('ellipse').attr('cx', 0).attr('cy', 0).attr('rx', 4.5).attr('ry', 2).attr('class', 'stroke');
+           markersEnter.append('polygon').attr('fill', function (d) {
+             return service.getColor(d.item);
+           }).call(markerPath, 'qaItem-fill');
+           markersEnter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-6.5, -23)').attr('class', 'icon-annotation').attr('width', '13px').attr('height', '13px').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             var picon = d.icon;
+
+             if (!picon) {
+               return '';
+             } else {
+               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
+               return "#".concat(picon).concat(isMaki ? '-11' : '');
+             }
+           }); // update
 
-           // update
-           markers
-             .merge(markersEnter)
-             .sort(sortY)
-               .classed('selected', d => d.id === selectedID)
-               .attr('transform', getTransform);
+           markers.merge(markersEnter).sort(sortY).classed('selected', function (d) {
+             return d.id === selectedID;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform); // Draw targets..
 
-           // Draw targets..
            if (touchLayer.empty()) return;
-           const fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink' : 'nocolor';
-
-           const targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose')
-             .data(data, d => d.id);
-
-           // exit
-           targets.exit()
-             .remove();
-
-           // enter/update
-           targets.enter()
-             .append('rect')
-               .attr('width', '20px')
-               .attr('height', '30px')
-               .attr('x', '-10px')
-               .attr('y', '-28px')
-             .merge(targets)
-             .sort(sortY)
-               .attr('class', d => `qaItem ${d.service} target ${fillClass} itemId-${d.id}`)
-               .attr('transform', getTransform);
+           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink' : 'nocolor';
+           var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
+
+           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+
+           targets.enter().append('rect').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '30px').attr('x', '-10px').attr('y', '-28px').merge(targets).sort(sortY).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "qaItem ".concat(d.service, " target ").concat(fillClass, " itemId-").concat(d.id);
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
 
            function sortY(a, b) {
-             return (a.id === selectedID) ? 1
-               : (b.id === selectedID) ? -1
-               : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
+             return a.id === selectedID ? 1 : b.id === selectedID ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
            }
-         }
+         } // Draw the Osmose layer and schedule loading issues and updating markers.
+
 
-         // Draw the Osmose layer and schedule loading issues and updating markers.
          function drawOsmose(selection) {
-           const service = getService();
+           var service = getService();
+           var surface = context.surface();
 
-           const surface = context.surface();
            if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
              touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
            }
 
-           drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osmose')
-             .data(service ? [0] : []);
-
-           drawLayer.exit()
-             .remove();
+           drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osmose').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           drawLayer.exit().remove();
+           drawLayer = drawLayer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-osmose').style('display', _layerEnabled ? 'block' : 'none').merge(drawLayer);
 
-           drawLayer = drawLayer.enter()
-             .append('g')
-               .attr('class', 'layer-osmose')
-               .style('display', _layerEnabled$2 ? 'block' : 'none')
-             .merge(drawLayer);
-
-           if (_layerEnabled$2) {
+           if (_layerEnabled) {
              if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
                editOn();
                service.loadIssues(projection);
                editOff();
              }
            }
-         }
+         } // Toggles the layer on and off
 
-         // Toggles the layer on and off
-         drawOsmose.enabled = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _layerEnabled$2;
 
-           _layerEnabled$2 = val;
-           if (_layerEnabled$2) {
+         drawOsmose.enabled = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _layerEnabled;
+           _layerEnabled = val;
+
+           if (_layerEnabled) {
              // Strings supplied by Osmose fetched before showing layer for first time
              // NOTE: Currently no way to change locale in iD at runtime, would need to re-call this method if that's ever implemented
              // Also, If layer is toggled quickly multiple requests are sent
-             getService().loadStrings()
-               .then(layerOn)
-               .catch(err => {
-                 console.log(err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
-               });
+             getService().loadStrings().then(layerOn)["catch"](function (err) {
+               console.log(err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
+             });
            } else {
              layerOff();
+
              if (context.selectedErrorID()) {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
              }
            return this;
          };
 
-         drawOsmose.supported = () => !!getService();
+         drawOsmose.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
          return drawOsmose;
        }
 
        function svgStreetside(projection, context, dispatch) {
-           var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { dispatch.call('change'); }, 1000);
-           var minZoom = 14;
-           var minMarkerZoom = 16;
-           var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
-           var layer = select(null);
-           var _viewerYaw = 0;
-           var _selectedSequence = null;
-           var _streetside;
-
-           /**
-            * init().
-            */
-           function init() {
-               if (svgStreetside.initialized) return;  // run once
-               svgStreetside.enabled = false;
-               svgStreetside.initialized = true;
-           }
-
-           /**
-            * getService().
-            */
-           function getService() {
-               if (services.streetside && !_streetside) {
-                   _streetside = services.streetside;
-                   _streetside.event
-                       .on('viewerChanged.svgStreetside', viewerChanged)
-                       .on('loadedBubbles.svgStreetside', throttledRedraw);
-               } else if (!services.streetside && _streetside) {
-                   _streetside = null;
-               }
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
-               return _streetside;
-           }
+         var minZoom = 14;
+         var minMarkerZoom = 16;
+         var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
+         var layer = select(null);
+         var _viewerYaw = 0;
+         var _selectedSequence = null;
 
-           /**
-            * showLayer().
-            */
-           function showLayer() {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (!service) return;
+         var _streetside;
+         /**
+          * init().
+          */
 
-               editOn();
 
-               layer
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(250)
-                   .style('opacity', 1)
-                   .on('end', function () { dispatch.call('change'); });
-           }
+         function init() {
+           if (svgStreetside.initialized) return; // run once
 
-           /**
-            * hideLayer().
-            */
-           function hideLayer() {
-               throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           svgStreetside.enabled = false;
+           svgStreetside.initialized = true;
+         }
+         /**
+          * getService().
+          */
 
-               layer
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(250)
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .on('end', editOff);
-           }
 
-           /**
-            * editOn().
-            */
-           function editOn() {
-               layer.style('display', 'block');
-           }
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.streetside && !_streetside) {
+             _streetside = services.streetside;
 
-           /**
-            * editOff().
-            */
-           function editOff() {
-               layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
-               layer.style('display', 'none');
+             _streetside.event.on('viewerChanged.svgStreetside', viewerChanged).on('loadedImages.svgStreetside', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.streetside && _streetside) {
+             _streetside = null;
            }
 
-           /**
-            * click() Handles 'bubble' point click event.
-            */
-           function click(d) {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (!service) return;
-
-               // try to preserve the viewer rotation when staying on the same sequence
-               if (d.sequenceKey !== _selectedSequence) {
-                   _viewerYaw = 0;  // reset
-               }
-               _selectedSequence = d.sequenceKey;
-
-               service
-                   .selectImage(context, d)
-                   .then(response => {
-                       if (response.status === 'ok'){
-                           service.showViewer(context, _viewerYaw);
-                       }
-                   });
+           return _streetside;
+         }
+         /**
+          * showLayer().
+          */
 
 
-               context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
-           }
+         function showLayer() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           editOn();
+           layer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end', function () {
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         }
+         /**
+          * hideLayer().
+          */
 
-           /**
-            * mouseover().
-            */
-           function mouseover(d) {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (service) service.setStyles(context, d);
-           }
 
-           /**
-            * mouseout().
-            */
-           function mouseout() {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (service) service.setStyles(context, null);
-           }
+         function hideLayer() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end', editOff);
+         }
+         /**
+          * editOn().
+          */
 
-           /**
-            * transform().
-            */
-           function transform(d) {
-               var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
-               var rot = d.ca + _viewerYaw;
-               if (rot) {
-                   t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(rot) + ',0,0)';
-               }
-               return t;
-           }
 
+         function editOn() {
+           layer.style('display', 'block');
+         }
+         /**
+          * editOff().
+          */
 
-           function viewerChanged() {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (!service) return;
 
-               var viewer = service.viewer();
-               if (!viewer) return;
+         function editOff() {
+           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
+           layer.style('display', 'none');
+         }
+         /**
+          * click() Handles 'bubble' point click event.
+          */
 
-               // update viewfield rotation
-               _viewerYaw = viewer.getYaw();
 
-               // avoid updating if the map is currently transformed
-               // e.g. during drags or easing.
-               if (context.map().isTransformed()) return;
+         function click(d3_event, d) {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return; // try to preserve the viewer rotation when staying on the same sequence
 
-               layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group.currentView')
-                   .attr('transform', transform);
+           if (d.sequenceKey !== _selectedSequence) {
+             _viewerYaw = 0; // reset
            }
 
+           _selectedSequence = d.sequenceKey;
+           service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
+             service.selectImage(context, d.key).yaw(_viewerYaw).showViewer(context);
+           });
+           context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
+         }
+         /**
+          * mouseover().
+          */
 
-           context.photos().on('change.streetside', update);
-
-           /**
-            * update().
-            */
-           function update() {
-               var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-               var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
-               var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
-               var showMarkers = (z >= minMarkerZoom);
-               var showViewfields = (z >= minViewfieldZoom);
-               var service = getService();
-
-               var sequences = [];
-               var bubbles = [];
-
-               if (context.photos().showsPanoramic()) {
-                   sequences = (service ? service.sequences(projection) : []);
-                   bubbles = (service && showMarkers ? service.bubbles(projection) : []);
-               }
-
-               var traces = layer.selectAll('.sequences').selectAll('.sequence')
-                   .data(sequences, function(d) { return d.properties.key; });
 
-               // exit
-               traces.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         function mouseover(d3_event, d) {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (service) service.setStyles(context, d);
+         }
+         /**
+          * mouseout().
+          */
 
-               // enter/update
-               traces = traces.enter()
-                   .append('path')
-                   .attr('class', 'sequence')
-                   .merge(traces)
-                   .attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
 
+         function mouseout() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (service) service.setStyles(context, null);
+         }
+         /**
+          * transform().
+          */
 
-               var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group')
-                   .data(bubbles, function(d) {
-                       // force reenter once bubbles are attached to a sequence
-                       return d.key + (d.sequenceKey ? 'v1' : 'v0');
-                   });
 
-               // exit
-               groups.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter
-               var groupsEnter = groups.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'viewfield-group')
-                   .on('mouseenter', mouseover)
-                   .on('mouseleave', mouseout)
-                   .on('click', click);
-
-               groupsEnter
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'viewfield-scale');
-
-               // update
-               var markers = groups
-                   .merge(groupsEnter)
-                   .sort(function(a, b) {
-                       return (a === selected) ? 1
-                           : (b === selected) ? -1
-                           : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
-                   })
-                   .attr('transform', transform)
-                   .select('.viewfield-scale');
-
-
-               markers.selectAll('circle')
-                   .data([0])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('circle')
-                   .attr('dx', '0')
-                   .attr('dy', '0')
-                   .attr('r', '6');
-
-               var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield')
-                   .data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);
-
-               viewfields.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // viewfields may or may not be drawn...
-               // but if they are, draw below the circles
-               viewfields.enter()
-                   .insert('path', 'circle')
-                   .attr('class', 'viewfield')
-                   .attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)')
-                   .attr('d', viewfieldPath);
-
-               function viewfieldPath() {
-                   var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
-                   if (d.pano) {
-                       return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
-                   } else {
-                       return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
-                   }
-               }
+         function transform(d) {
+           var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
+           var rot = d.ca + _viewerYaw;
 
+           if (rot) {
+             t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(rot) + ',0,0)';
            }
 
-           /**
-            * drawImages()
-            * drawImages is the method that is returned (and that runs) everytime 'svgStreetside()' is called.
-            * 'svgStreetside()' is called from index.js
-            */
-           function drawImages(selection) {
-               var enabled = svgStreetside.enabled;
-               var service = getService();
-
-               layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-streetside-images')
-                   .data(service ? [0] : []);
-
-               layer.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           return t;
+         }
 
-               var layerEnter = layer.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-streetside-images')
-                   .style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');
+         function viewerChanged() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           var viewer = service.viewer();
+           if (!viewer) return; // update viewfield rotation
 
-               layerEnter
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'sequences');
+           _viewerYaw = viewer.getYaw(); // avoid updating if the map is currently transformed
+           // e.g. during drags or easing.
 
-               layerEnter
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'markers');
+           if (context.map().isTransformed()) return;
+           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group.currentView').attr('transform', transform);
+         }
 
-               layer = layerEnter
-                   .merge(layer);
+         function filterBubbles(bubbles) {
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
+           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
 
-               if (enabled) {
-                   if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
-                       editOn();
-                       update();
-                       service.loadBubbles(projection);
-                   } else {
-                       editOff();
-                   }
-               }
+           if (fromDate) {
+             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
+             bubbles = bubbles.filter(function (bubble) {
+               return new Date(bubble.captured_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
+             });
            }
 
-
-           /**
-            * drawImages.enabled().
-            */
-           drawImages.enabled = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return svgStreetside.enabled;
-               svgStreetside.enabled = _;
-               if (svgStreetside.enabled) {
-                   showLayer();
-               } else {
-                   hideLayer();
-               }
-               dispatch.call('change');
-               return this;
-           };
-
-           /**
-            * drawImages.supported().
-            */
-           drawImages.supported = function() {
-               return !!getService();
-           };
-
-           init();
-
-           return drawImages;
-       }
-
-       function svgMapillaryImages(projection, context, dispatch) {
-           var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { dispatch.call('change'); }, 1000);
-           var minZoom = 12;
-           var minMarkerZoom = 16;
-           var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
-           var layer = select(null);
-           var _mapillary;
-           var viewerCompassAngle;
-
-
-           function init() {
-               if (svgMapillaryImages.initialized) return;  // run once
-               svgMapillaryImages.enabled = false;
-               svgMapillaryImages.initialized = true;
-           }
-
-
-           function getService() {
-               if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
-                   _mapillary = services.mapillary;
-                   _mapillary.event.on('loadedImages', throttledRedraw);
-                   _mapillary.event.on('bearingChanged', function(e) {
-                       viewerCompassAngle = e;
-
-                       // avoid updating if the map is currently transformed
-                       // e.g. during drags or easing.
-                       if (context.map().isTransformed()) return;
-
-                       layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group.currentView')
-                           .filter(function(d) {
-                               return d.pano;
-                           })
-                           .attr('transform', transform);
-                   });
-               } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
-                   _mapillary = null;
-               }
-
-               return _mapillary;
+           if (toDate) {
+             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
+             bubbles = bubbles.filter(function (bubble) {
+               return new Date(bubble.captured_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
+             });
            }
 
-
-           function showLayer() {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (!service) return;
-
-               editOn();
-
-               layer
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(250)
-                   .style('opacity', 1)
-                   .on('end', function () { dispatch.call('change'); });
+           if (usernames) {
+             bubbles = bubbles.filter(function (bubble) {
+               return usernames.indexOf(bubble.captured_by) !== -1;
+             });
            }
 
+           return bubbles;
+         }
 
-           function hideLayer() {
-               throttledRedraw.cancel();
+         function filterSequences(sequences) {
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
+           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
 
-               layer
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(250)
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .on('end', editOff);
+           if (fromDate) {
+             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequences) {
+               return new Date(sequences.properties.captured_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
+             });
            }
 
-
-           function editOn() {
-               layer.style('display', 'block');
+           if (toDate) {
+             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequences) {
+               return new Date(sequences.properties.captured_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
+             });
            }
 
-
-           function editOff() {
-               layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
-               layer.style('display', 'none');
+           if (usernames) {
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequences) {
+               return usernames.indexOf(sequences.properties.captured_by) !== -1;
+             });
            }
 
+           return sequences;
+         }
+         /**
+          * update().
+          */
 
-           function click(d) {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (!service) return;
-
-               service
-                   .selectImage(context, d.key)
-                   .updateViewer(context, d.key)
-                   .showViewer(context);
-
-               context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
-           }
 
+         function update() {
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
+           var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
+           var showMarkers = z >= minMarkerZoom;
+           var showViewfields = z >= minViewfieldZoom;
+           var service = getService();
+           var sequences = [];
+           var bubbles = [];
 
-           function mouseover(d) {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (service) service.setStyles(context, d);
+           if (context.photos().showsPanoramic()) {
+             sequences = service ? service.sequences(projection) : [];
+             bubbles = service && showMarkers ? service.bubbles(projection) : [];
+             sequences = filterSequences(sequences);
+             bubbles = filterBubbles(bubbles);
            }
 
+           var traces = layer.selectAll('.sequences').selectAll('.sequence').data(sequences, function (d) {
+             return d.properties.key;
+           }); // exit
 
-           function mouseout() {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (service) service.setStyles(context, null);
-           }
+           traces.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
+           traces = traces.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'sequence').merge(traces).attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
+           var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group').data(bubbles, function (d) {
+             // force reenter once bubbles are attached to a sequence
+             return d.key + (d.sequenceKey ? 'v1' : 'v0');
+           }); // exit
 
-           function transform(d) {
-               var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
-               if (d.pano && viewerCompassAngle !== null && isFinite(viewerCompassAngle)) {
-                   t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(viewerCompassAngle) + ',0,0)';
-               } else if (d.ca) {
-                   t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(d.ca) + ',0,0)';
-               }
-               return t;
-           }
+           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-           context.photos().on('change.mapillary_images', update);
+           var groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-group').on('mouseenter', mouseover).on('mouseleave', mouseout).on('click', click);
+           groupsEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-scale'); // update
 
-           function filterImages(images) {
-               var showsPano = context.photos().showsPanoramic();
-               var showsFlat = context.photos().showsFlat();
-               if (!showsPano || !showsFlat) {
-                   images = images.filter(function(image) {
-                       if (image.pano) return showsPano;
-                       return showsFlat;
-                   });
-               }
-               return images;
-           }
+           var markers = groups.merge(groupsEnter).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a === selected ? 1 : b === selected ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
+           }).attr('transform', transform).select('.viewfield-scale');
+           markers.selectAll('circle').data([0]).enter().append('circle').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('r', '6');
+           var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield').data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);
+           viewfields.exit().remove(); // viewfields may or may not be drawn...
+           // but if they are, draw below the circles
 
-           function filterSequences(sequences, service) {
-               var showsPano = context.photos().showsPanoramic();
-               var showsFlat = context.photos().showsFlat();
-               if (!showsPano || !showsFlat) {
-                   sequences = sequences.filter(function(sequence) {
-                       if (sequence.properties.hasOwnProperty('pano')) {
-                           if (sequence.properties.pano) return showsPano;
-                           return showsFlat;
-                       } else {
-                           // if the sequence doesn't specify pano or not, search its images
-                           var cProps = sequence.properties.coordinateProperties;
-                           if (cProps && cProps.image_keys && cProps.image_keys.length > 0) {
-                               for (var index in cProps.image_keys) {
-                                   var imageKey = cProps.image_keys[index];
-                                   var image = service.cachedImage(imageKey);
-                                   if (image && image.hasOwnProperty('pano')) {
-                                       if (image.pano) return showsPano;
-                                       return showsFlat;
-                                   }
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                   });
-               }
-               return sequences;
-           }
+           viewfields.enter().insert('path', 'circle').attr('class', 'viewfield').attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)').attr('d', viewfieldPath);
 
-           function update() {
+           function viewfieldPath() {
+             var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
 
-               var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
-               var showMarkers = (z >= minMarkerZoom);
-               var showViewfields = (z >= minViewfieldZoom);
-
-               var service = getService();
-               var selectedKey = service && service.getSelectedImageKey();
-               var sequences = (service ? service.sequences(projection) : []);
-               var images = (service && showMarkers ? service.images(projection) : []);
-
-               images = filterImages(images);
-               sequences = filterSequences(sequences, service);
-
-               var traces = layer.selectAll('.sequences').selectAll('.sequence')
-                   .data(sequences, function(d) { return d.properties.key; });
-
-               // exit
-               traces.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter/update
-               traces = traces.enter()
-                   .append('path')
-                   .attr('class', 'sequence')
-                   .merge(traces)
-                   .attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
-
-
-               var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group')
-                   .data(images, function(d) { return d.key; });
-
-               // exit
-               groups.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter
-               var groupsEnter = groups.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'viewfield-group')
-                   .on('mouseenter', mouseover)
-                   .on('mouseleave', mouseout)
-                   .on('click', click);
-
-               groupsEnter
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'viewfield-scale');
-
-               // update
-               var markers = groups
-                   .merge(groupsEnter)
-                   .sort(function(a, b) {
-                       return (a.key === selectedKey) ? 1
-                           : (b.key === selectedKey) ? -1
-                           : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];  // sort Y
-                   })
-                   .attr('transform', transform)
-                   .select('.viewfield-scale');
-
-
-               markers.selectAll('circle')
-                   .data([0])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('circle')
-                   .attr('dx', '0')
-                   .attr('dy', '0')
-                   .attr('r', '6');
-
-               var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield')
-                   .data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);
-
-               viewfields.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               viewfields.enter()               // viewfields may or may not be drawn...
-                   .insert('path', 'circle')    // but if they are, draw below the circles
-                   .attr('class', 'viewfield')
-                   .classed('pano', function() { return this.parentNode.__data__.pano; })
-                   .attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)')
-                   .attr('d', viewfieldPath);
-
-               function viewfieldPath() {
-                   var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
-                   if (d.pano) {
-                       return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
-                   } else {
-                       return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
-                   }
-               }
+             if (d.pano) {
+               return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
+             } else {
+               return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
+             }
            }
+         }
+         /**
+          * drawImages()
+          * drawImages is the method that is returned (and that runs) every time 'svgStreetside()' is called.
+          * 'svgStreetside()' is called from index.js
+          */
 
 
-           function drawImages(selection) {
-               var enabled = svgMapillaryImages.enabled;
-               var service = getService();
-
-               layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary')
-                   .data(service ? [0] : []);
-
-               layer.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               var layerEnter = layer.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-mapillary')
-                   .style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');
-
-               layerEnter
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'sequences');
-
-               layerEnter
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'markers');
-
-               layer = layerEnter
-                   .merge(layer);
+         function drawImages(selection) {
+           var enabled = svgStreetside.enabled;
+           var service = getService();
+           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-streetside-images').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           var layerEnter = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-streetside-images').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');
+           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'sequences');
+           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'markers');
+           layer = layerEnter.merge(layer);
 
-               if (enabled) {
-                   if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
-                       editOn();
-                       update();
-                       service.loadImages(projection);
-                   } else {
-                       editOff();
-                   }
-               }
+           if (enabled) {
+             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+               editOn();
+               update();
+               service.loadBubbles(projection);
+             } else {
+               editOff();
+             }
            }
+         }
+         /**
+          * drawImages.enabled().
+          */
 
 
-           drawImages.enabled = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return svgMapillaryImages.enabled;
-               svgMapillaryImages.enabled = _;
-               if (svgMapillaryImages.enabled) {
-                   showLayer();
-               } else {
-                   hideLayer();
-               }
-               dispatch.call('change');
-               return this;
-           };
-
-
-           drawImages.supported = function() {
-               return !!getService();
-           };
-
-
-           init();
-           return drawImages;
-       }
-
-       function svgMapillarySigns(projection, context, dispatch) {
-           var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { dispatch.call('change'); }, 1000);
-           var minZoom = 12;
-           var layer = select(null);
-           var _mapillary;
-
+         drawImages.enabled = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return svgStreetside.enabled;
+           svgStreetside.enabled = _;
 
-           function init() {
-               if (svgMapillarySigns.initialized) return;  // run once
-               svgMapillarySigns.enabled = false;
-               svgMapillarySigns.initialized = true;
+           if (svgStreetside.enabled) {
+             showLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.streetside', update);
+           } else {
+             hideLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.streetside', null);
            }
 
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
+         /**
+          * drawImages.supported().
+          */
 
-           function getService() {
-               if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
-                   _mapillary = services.mapillary;
-                   _mapillary.event.on('loadedSigns', throttledRedraw);
-               } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
-                   _mapillary = null;
-               }
-               return _mapillary;
-           }
 
+         drawImages.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
-           function showLayer() {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (!service) return;
+         init();
+         return drawImages;
+       }
 
-               editOn();
-           }
+       function svgMapillaryImages(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var minMarkerZoom = 16;
+         var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
+         var layer = select(null);
 
-           function hideLayer() {
-               throttledRedraw.cancel();
-               editOff();
-           }
+         var _mapillary;
 
+         function init() {
+           if (svgMapillaryImages.initialized) return; // run once
 
-           function editOn() {
-               layer.style('display', 'block');
-           }
+           svgMapillaryImages.enabled = false;
+           svgMapillaryImages.initialized = true;
+         }
 
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
+             _mapillary = services.mapillary;
 
-           function editOff() {
-               layer.selectAll('.icon-sign').remove();
-               layer.style('display', 'none');
+             _mapillary.event.on('loadedImages', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
+             _mapillary = null;
            }
 
+           return _mapillary;
+         }
 
-           function click(d) {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (!service) return;
-
-               context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
-
-               var selectedImageKey = service.getSelectedImageKey();
-               var imageKey;
-
-               // Pick one of the images the sign was detected in,
-               // preference given to an image already selected.
-               d.detections.forEach(function(detection) {
-                   if (!imageKey || selectedImageKey === detection.image_key) {
-                       imageKey = detection.image_key;
-                   }
-               });
-
-               service
-                   .selectImage(context, imageKey)
-                   .updateViewer(context, imageKey)
-                   .showViewer(context);
-           }
-
+         function showLayer() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           editOn();
+           layer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end', function () {
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         }
 
-           function update() {
-               var service = getService();
-               var data = (service ? service.signs(projection) : []);
-               var selectedImageKey = service.getSelectedImageKey();
-               var transform = svgPointTransform(projection);
-
-               var signs = layer.selectAll('.icon-sign')
-                   .data(data, function(d) { return d.key; });
-
-               // exit
-               signs.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter
-               var enter = signs.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'icon-sign icon-detected')
-                   .on('click', click);
-
-               enter
-                   .append('use')
-                   .attr('width', '24px')
-                   .attr('height', '24px')
-                   .attr('x', '-12px')
-                   .attr('y', '-12px')
-                   .attr('xlink:href', function(d) { return '#' + d.value; });
-
-               enter
-                   .append('rect')
-                   .attr('width', '24px')
-                   .attr('height', '24px')
-                   .attr('x', '-12px')
-                   .attr('y', '-12px');
-
-               // update
-               signs
-                   .merge(enter)
-                   .attr('transform', transform)
-                   .classed('currentView', function(d) {
-                       return d.detections.some(function(detection) {
-                           return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
-                       });
-                   })
-                   .sort(function(a, b) {
-                       var aSelected = a.detections.some(function(detection) {
-                           return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
-                       });
-                       var bSelected = b.detections.some(function(detection) {
-                           return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
-                       });
-                       if (aSelected === bSelected) {
-                           return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1]; // sort Y
-                       } else if (aSelected) {
-                           return 1;
-                       }
-                       return -1;
-                   });
-           }
+         function hideLayer() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end', editOff);
+         }
 
+         function editOn() {
+           layer.style('display', 'block');
+         }
 
-           function drawSigns(selection) {
-               var enabled = svgMapillarySigns.enabled;
-               var service = getService();
+         function editOff() {
+           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
+           layer.style('display', 'none');
+         }
 
-               layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary-signs')
-                   .data(service ? [0] : []);
+         function click(d3_event, image) {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
+             service.selectImage(context, image.id).showViewer(context);
+           });
+           context.map().centerEase(image.loc);
+         }
 
-               layer.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         function mouseover(d3_event, image) {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (service) service.setStyles(context, image);
+         }
 
-               layer = layer.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-mapillary-signs layer-mapillary-detections')
-                   .style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none')
-                   .merge(layer);
+         function mouseout() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (service) service.setStyles(context, null);
+         }
 
-               if (enabled) {
-                   if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
-                       editOn();
-                       update();
-                       service.loadSigns(projection);
-                   } else {
-                       editOff();
-                   }
-               }
+         function transform(d) {
+           var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
+
+           if (d.ca) {
+             t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(d.ca) + ',0,0)';
            }
 
+           return t;
+         }
 
-           drawSigns.enabled = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return svgMapillarySigns.enabled;
-               svgMapillarySigns.enabled = _;
-               if (svgMapillarySigns.enabled) {
-                   showLayer();
-               } else {
-                   hideLayer();
-               }
-               dispatch.call('change');
-               return this;
-           };
+         function filterImages(images) {
+           var showsPano = context.photos().showsPanoramic();
+           var showsFlat = context.photos().showsFlat();
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
 
+           if (!showsPano || !showsFlat) {
+             images = images.filter(function (image) {
+               if (image.is_pano) return showsPano;
+               return showsFlat;
+             });
+           }
 
-           drawSigns.supported = function() {
-               return !!getService();
-           };
+           if (fromDate) {
+             images = images.filter(function (image) {
+               return new Date(image.captured_at).getTime() >= new Date(fromDate).getTime();
+             });
+           }
 
+           if (toDate) {
+             images = images.filter(function (image) {
+               return new Date(image.captured_at).getTime() <= new Date(toDate).getTime();
+             });
+           }
 
-           init();
-           return drawSigns;
-       }
+           return images;
+         }
 
-       function svgMapillaryMapFeatures(projection, context, dispatch) {
-           var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { dispatch.call('change'); }, 1000);
-           var minZoom = 12;
-           var layer = select(null);
-           var _mapillary;
+         function filterSequences(sequences) {
+           var showsPano = context.photos().showsPanoramic();
+           var showsFlat = context.photos().showsFlat();
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
 
+           if (!showsPano || !showsFlat) {
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequence) {
+               if (sequence.properties.hasOwnProperty('is_pano')) {
+                 if (sequence.properties.is_pano) return showsPano;
+                 return showsFlat;
+               }
 
-           function init() {
-               if (svgMapillaryMapFeatures.initialized) return;  // run once
-               svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled = false;
-               svgMapillaryMapFeatures.initialized = true;
+               return false;
+             });
            }
 
+           if (fromDate) {
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequence) {
+               return new Date(sequence.properties.captured_at).getTime() >= new Date(fromDate).getTime().toString();
+             });
+           }
 
-           function getService() {
-               if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
-                   _mapillary = services.mapillary;
-                   _mapillary.event.on('loadedMapFeatures', throttledRedraw);
-               } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
-                   _mapillary = null;
-               }
-               return _mapillary;
+           if (toDate) {
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (sequence) {
+               return new Date(sequence.properties.captured_at).getTime() <= new Date(toDate).getTime().toString();
+             });
            }
 
+           return sequences;
+         }
 
-           function showLayer() {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (!service) return;
+         function update() {
+           var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
+           var showMarkers = z >= minMarkerZoom;
+           var showViewfields = z >= minViewfieldZoom;
+           var service = getService();
+           var sequences = service ? service.sequences(projection) : [];
+           var images = service && showMarkers ? service.images(projection) : [];
+           images = filterImages(images);
+           sequences = filterSequences(sequences);
+           service.filterViewer(context);
+           var traces = layer.selectAll('.sequences').selectAll('.sequence').data(sequences, function (d) {
+             return d.properties.id;
+           }); // exit
+
+           traces.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+
+           traces = traces.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'sequence').merge(traces).attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
+           var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group').data(images, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
+
+           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
+
+           var groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-group').on('mouseenter', mouseover).on('mouseleave', mouseout).on('click', click);
+           groupsEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-scale'); // update
+
+           var markers = groups.merge(groupsEnter).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1]; // sort Y
+           }).attr('transform', transform).select('.viewfield-scale');
+           markers.selectAll('circle').data([0]).enter().append('circle').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('r', '6');
+           var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield').data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);
+           viewfields.exit().remove();
+           viewfields.enter() // viewfields may or may not be drawn...
+           .insert('path', 'circle') // but if they are, draw below the circles
+           .attr('class', 'viewfield').classed('pano', function () {
+             return this.parentNode.__data__.is_pano;
+           }).attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)').attr('d', viewfieldPath);
 
-               editOn();
+           function viewfieldPath() {
+             if (this.parentNode.__data__.is_pano) {
+               return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
+             } else {
+               return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
+             }
            }
+         }
 
+         function drawImages(selection) {
+           var enabled = svgMapillaryImages.enabled;
+           var service = getService();
+           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           var layerEnter = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-mapillary').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');
+           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'sequences');
+           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'markers');
+           layer = layerEnter.merge(layer);
 
-           function hideLayer() {
-               throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           if (enabled) {
+             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+               editOn();
+               update();
+               service.loadImages(projection);
+             } else {
                editOff();
+             }
            }
+         }
 
+         drawImages.enabled = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return svgMapillaryImages.enabled;
+           svgMapillaryImages.enabled = _;
 
-           function editOn() {
-               layer.style('display', 'block');
+           if (svgMapillaryImages.enabled) {
+             showLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_images', update);
+           } else {
+             hideLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_images', null);
            }
 
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-           function editOff() {
-               layer.selectAll('.icon-map-feature').remove();
-               layer.style('display', 'none');
-           }
+         drawImages.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
+         init();
+         return drawImages;
+       }
 
-           function click(d) {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (!service) return;
+       function svgMapillaryPosition(projection, context) {
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           update();
+         }, 1000);
 
-               context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
+         var layer = select(null);
 
-               var selectedImageKey = service.getSelectedImageKey();
-               var imageKey;
+         var _mapillary;
 
-               // Pick one of the images the map feature was detected in,
-               // preference given to an image already selected.
-               d.detections.forEach(function(detection) {
-                   if (!imageKey || selectedImageKey === detection.image_key) {
-                       imageKey = detection.image_key;
-                   }
-               });
+         var viewerCompassAngle;
 
-               service
-                   .selectImage(context, imageKey)
-                   .updateViewer(context, imageKey)
-                   .showViewer(context);
-           }
+         function init() {
+           if (svgMapillaryPosition.initialized) return; // run once
 
+           svgMapillaryPosition.initialized = true;
+         }
 
-           function update() {
-               var service = getService();
-               var data = (service ? service.mapFeatures(projection) : []);
-               var selectedImageKey = service && service.getSelectedImageKey();
-               var transform = svgPointTransform(projection);
-
-               var mapFeatures = layer.selectAll('.icon-map-feature')
-                   .data(data, function(d) { return d.key; });
-
-               // exit
-               mapFeatures.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter
-               var enter = mapFeatures.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'icon-map-feature icon-detected')
-                   .on('click', click);
-
-               enter
-                   .append('title')
-                   .text(function(d) {
-                       var id = d.value.replace(/--/g, '.').replace(/-/g, '_');
-                       return _t('mapillary_map_features.' + id);
-                   });
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
+             _mapillary = services.mapillary;
 
-               enter
-                   .append('use')
-                   .attr('width', '24px')
-                   .attr('height', '24px')
-                   .attr('x', '-12px')
-                   .attr('y', '-12px')
-                   .attr('xlink:href', function(d) {
-                       if (d.value === 'object--billboard') {
-                           // no billboard icon right now, so use the advertisement icon
-                           return '#object--sign--advertisement';
-                       }
-                       return '#' + d.value;
-                   });
+             _mapillary.event.on('imageChanged', throttledRedraw);
 
-               enter
-                   .append('rect')
-                   .attr('width', '24px')
-                   .attr('height', '24px')
-                   .attr('x', '-12px')
-                   .attr('y', '-12px');
-
-               // update
-               mapFeatures
-                   .merge(enter)
-                   .attr('transform', transform)
-                   .classed('currentView', function(d) {
-                       return d.detections.some(function(detection) {
-                           return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
-                       });
-                   })
-                   .sort(function(a, b) {
-                       var aSelected = a.detections.some(function(detection) {
-                           return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
-                       });
-                       var bSelected = b.detections.some(function(detection) {
-                           return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
-                       });
-                       if (aSelected === bSelected) {
-                           return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1]; // sort Y
-                       } else if (aSelected) {
-                           return 1;
-                       }
-                       return -1;
-                   });
+             _mapillary.event.on('bearingChanged', function (e) {
+               viewerCompassAngle = e.bearing;
+               if (context.map().isTransformed()) return;
+               layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group.currentView').filter(function (d) {
+                 return d.is_pano;
+               }).attr('transform', transform);
+             });
+           } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
+             _mapillary = null;
            }
 
+           return _mapillary;
+         }
 
-           function drawMapFeatures(selection) {
-               var enabled = svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled;
-               var service = getService();
-
-               layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary-map-features')
-                   .data(service ? [0] : []);
+         function editOn() {
+           layer.style('display', 'block');
+         }
 
-               layer.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         function editOff() {
+           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
+           layer.style('display', 'none');
+         }
 
-               layer = layer.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-mapillary-map-features layer-mapillary-detections')
-                   .style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none')
-                   .merge(layer);
+         function transform(d) {
+           var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
 
-               if (enabled) {
-                   if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
-                       editOn();
-                       update();
-                       service.loadMapFeatures(projection);
-                   } else {
-                       editOff();
-                   }
-               }
+           if (d.is_pano && viewerCompassAngle !== null && isFinite(viewerCompassAngle)) {
+             t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(viewerCompassAngle) + ',0,0)';
+           } else if (d.ca) {
+             t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(d.ca) + ',0,0)';
            }
 
+           return t;
+         }
 
-           drawMapFeatures.enabled = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled;
-               svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled = _;
-               if (svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled) {
-                   showLayer();
-               } else {
-                   hideLayer();
-               }
-               dispatch.call('change');
-               return this;
-           };
-
+         function update() {
+           var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
+           var showViewfields = z >= minViewfieldZoom;
+           var service = getService();
+           var image = service && service.getActiveImage();
+           var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group').data(image ? [image] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
+
+           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
+
+           var groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-group currentView highlighted');
+           groupsEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-scale'); // update
+
+           var markers = groups.merge(groupsEnter).attr('transform', transform).select('.viewfield-scale');
+           markers.selectAll('circle').data([0]).enter().append('circle').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('r', '6');
+           var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield').data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);
+           viewfields.exit().remove();
+           viewfields.enter().insert('path', 'circle').attr('class', 'viewfield').attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)').attr('d', 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z');
+         }
+
+         function drawImages(selection) {
+           var service = getService();
+           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary-position').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           var layerEnter = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-mapillary-position');
+           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'markers');
+           layer = layerEnter.merge(layer);
+
+           if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+             editOn();
+             update();
+           } else {
+             editOff();
+           }
+         }
 
-           drawMapFeatures.supported = function() {
-               return !!getService();
-           };
+         drawImages.enabled = function () {
+           update();
+           return this;
+         };
 
+         drawImages.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
-           init();
-           return drawMapFeatures;
+         init();
+         return drawImages;
        }
 
-       function svgOpenstreetcamImages(projection, context, dispatch) {
-           var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { dispatch.call('change'); }, 1000);
-           var minZoom = 12;
-           var minMarkerZoom = 16;
-           var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
-           var layer = select(null);
-           var _openstreetcam;
+       function svgMapillarySigns(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var layer = select(null);
 
-           function init() {
-               if (svgOpenstreetcamImages.initialized) return;  // run once
-               svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled = false;
-               svgOpenstreetcamImages.initialized = true;
-           }
+         var _mapillary;
 
+         function init() {
+           if (svgMapillarySigns.initialized) return; // run once
 
-           function getService() {
-               if (services.openstreetcam && !_openstreetcam) {
-                   _openstreetcam = services.openstreetcam;
-                   _openstreetcam.event.on('loadedImages', throttledRedraw);
-               } else if (!services.openstreetcam && _openstreetcam) {
-                   _openstreetcam = null;
-               }
+           svgMapillarySigns.enabled = false;
+           svgMapillarySigns.initialized = true;
+         }
+
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
+             _mapillary = services.mapillary;
 
-               return _openstreetcam;
+             _mapillary.event.on('loadedSigns', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
+             _mapillary = null;
            }
 
+           return _mapillary;
+         }
 
-           function showLayer() {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (!service) return;
+         function showLayer() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           service.loadSignResources(context);
+           editOn();
+         }
 
-               editOn();
+         function hideLayer() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           editOff();
+         }
 
-               layer
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(250)
-                   .style('opacity', 1)
-                   .on('end', function () { dispatch.call('change'); });
-           }
+         function editOn() {
+           layer.style('display', 'block');
+         }
 
+         function editOff() {
+           layer.selectAll('.icon-sign').remove();
+           layer.style('display', 'none');
+         }
 
-           function hideLayer() {
-               throttledRedraw.cancel();
+         function click(d3_event, d) {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
+           var selectedImageId = service.getActiveImage() && service.getActiveImage().id;
+           service.getDetections(d.id).then(function (detections) {
+             if (detections.length) {
+               var imageId = detections[0].image.id;
 
-               layer
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(250)
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .on('end', editOff);
-           }
+               if (imageId === selectedImageId) {
+                 service.highlightDetection(detections[0]).selectImage(context, imageId);
+               } else {
+                 service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
+                   service.highlightDetection(detections[0]).selectImage(context, imageId).showViewer(context);
+                 });
+               }
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
+         function filterData(detectedFeatures) {
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
 
-           function editOn() {
-               layer.style('display', 'block');
+           if (fromDate) {
+             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
+             detectedFeatures = detectedFeatures.filter(function (feature) {
+               return new Date(feature.last_seen_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
+             });
            }
 
-
-           function editOff() {
-               layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
-               layer.style('display', 'none');
+           if (toDate) {
+             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
+             detectedFeatures = detectedFeatures.filter(function (feature) {
+               return new Date(feature.first_seen_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
+             });
            }
 
+           return detectedFeatures;
+         }
 
-           function click(d) {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (!service) return;
-
-               service
-                   .selectImage(context, d)
-                   .updateViewer(context, d)
-                   .showViewer(context);
-
-               context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
-           }
-
+         function update() {
+           var service = getService();
+           var data = service ? service.signs(projection) : [];
+           data = filterData(data);
+           var transform = svgPointTransform(projection);
+           var signs = layer.selectAll('.icon-sign').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
+
+           signs.exit().remove(); // enter
+
+           var enter = signs.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'icon-sign icon-detected').on('click', click);
+           enter.append('use').attr('width', '24px').attr('height', '24px').attr('x', '-12px').attr('y', '-12px').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             return '#' + d.value;
+           });
+           enter.append('rect').attr('width', '24px').attr('height', '24px').attr('x', '-12px').attr('y', '-12px'); // update
 
-           function mouseover(d) {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (service) service.setStyles(context, d);
-           }
+           signs.merge(enter).attr('transform', transform);
+         }
 
+         function drawSigns(selection) {
+           var enabled = svgMapillarySigns.enabled;
+           var service = getService();
+           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary-signs').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           layer = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-mapillary-signs layer-mapillary-detections').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none').merge(layer);
 
-           function mouseout() {
-               var service = getService();
-               if (service) service.setStyles(context, null);
+           if (enabled) {
+             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+               editOn();
+               update();
+               service.loadSigns(projection);
+               service.showSignDetections(true);
+             } else {
+               editOff();
+             }
+           } else if (service) {
+             service.showSignDetections(false);
            }
+         }
 
+         drawSigns.enabled = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return svgMapillarySigns.enabled;
+           svgMapillarySigns.enabled = _;
 
-           function transform(d) {
-               var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
-               if (d.ca) {
-                   t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(d.ca) + ',0,0)';
-               }
-               return t;
+           if (svgMapillarySigns.enabled) {
+             showLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_signs', update);
+           } else {
+             hideLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_signs', null);
            }
 
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-           context.photos().on('change.openstreetcam_images', update);
-
-           function update() {
-               var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-               var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
+         drawSigns.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
-               var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
-               var showMarkers = (z >= minMarkerZoom);
-               var showViewfields = (z >= minViewfieldZoom);
+         init();
+         return drawSigns;
+       }
 
-               var service = getService();
-               var sequences = [];
-               var images = [];
+       function svgMapillaryMapFeatures(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
-               if (context.photos().showsFlat()) {
-                   sequences = (service ? service.sequences(projection) : []);
-                   images = (service && showMarkers ? service.images(projection) : []);
-               }
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var layer = select(null);
 
-               var traces = layer.selectAll('.sequences').selectAll('.sequence')
-                   .data(sequences, function(d) { return d.properties.key; });
+         var _mapillary;
 
-               // exit
-               traces.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         function init() {
+           if (svgMapillaryMapFeatures.initialized) return; // run once
 
-               // enter/update
-               traces = traces.enter()
-                   .append('path')
-                   .attr('class', 'sequence')
-                   .merge(traces)
-                   .attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
+           svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled = false;
+           svgMapillaryMapFeatures.initialized = true;
+         }
 
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
+             _mapillary = services.mapillary;
 
-               var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group')
-                   .data(images, function(d) { return d.key; });
+             _mapillary.event.on('loadedMapFeatures', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
+             _mapillary = null;
+           }
 
-               // exit
-               groups.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           return _mapillary;
+         }
 
-               // enter
-               var groupsEnter = groups.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'viewfield-group')
-                   .on('mouseenter', mouseover)
-                   .on('mouseleave', mouseout)
-                   .on('click', click);
+         function showLayer() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           service.loadObjectResources(context);
+           editOn();
+         }
 
-               groupsEnter
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'viewfield-scale');
+         function hideLayer() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           editOff();
+         }
 
-               // update
-               var markers = groups
-                   .merge(groupsEnter)
-                   .sort(function(a, b) {
-                       return (a === selected) ? 1
-                           : (b === selected) ? -1
-                           : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];  // sort Y
-                   })
-                   .attr('transform', transform)
-                   .select('.viewfield-scale');
+         function editOn() {
+           layer.style('display', 'block');
+         }
 
+         function editOff() {
+           layer.selectAll('.icon-map-feature').remove();
+           layer.style('display', 'none');
+         }
 
-               markers.selectAll('circle')
-                   .data([0])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('circle')
-                   .attr('dx', '0')
-                   .attr('dy', '0')
-                   .attr('r', '6');
+         function click(d3_event, d) {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
+           var selectedImageId = service.getActiveImage() && service.getActiveImage().id;
+           service.getDetections(d.id).then(function (detections) {
+             if (detections.length) {
+               var imageId = detections[0].image.id;
 
-               var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield')
-                   .data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);
+               if (imageId === selectedImageId) {
+                 service.highlightDetection(detections[0]).selectImage(context, imageId);
+               } else {
+                 service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
+                   service.highlightDetection(detections[0]).selectImage(context, imageId).showViewer(context);
+                 });
+               }
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-               viewfields.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         function filterData(detectedFeatures) {
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
 
-               viewfields.enter()               // viewfields may or may not be drawn...
-                   .insert('path', 'circle')    // but if they are, draw below the circles
-                   .attr('class', 'viewfield')
-                   .attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)')
-                   .attr('d', 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z');
+           if (fromDate) {
+             detectedFeatures = detectedFeatures.filter(function (feature) {
+               return new Date(feature.last_seen_at).getTime() >= new Date(fromDate).getTime();
+             });
            }
 
+           if (toDate) {
+             detectedFeatures = detectedFeatures.filter(function (feature) {
+               return new Date(feature.first_seen_at).getTime() <= new Date(toDate).getTime();
+             });
+           }
 
-           function drawImages(selection) {
-               var enabled = svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled,
-                   service = getService();
-
-               layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-openstreetcam')
-                   .data(service ? [0] : []);
-
-               layer.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           return detectedFeatures;
+         }
 
-               var layerEnter = layer.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-openstreetcam')
-                   .style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');
+         function update() {
+           var service = getService();
+           var data = service ? service.mapFeatures(projection) : [];
+           data = filterData(data);
+           var transform = svgPointTransform(projection);
+           var mapFeatures = layer.selectAll('.icon-map-feature').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
+
+           mapFeatures.exit().remove(); // enter
+
+           var enter = mapFeatures.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'icon-map-feature icon-detected').on('click', click);
+           enter.append('title').text(function (d) {
+             var id = d.value.replace(/--/g, '.').replace(/-/g, '_');
+             return _t('mapillary_map_features.' + id);
+           });
+           enter.append('use').attr('width', '24px').attr('height', '24px').attr('x', '-12px').attr('y', '-12px').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             if (d.value === 'object--billboard') {
+               // no billboard icon right now, so use the advertisement icon
+               return '#object--sign--advertisement';
+             }
 
-               layerEnter
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'sequences');
+             return '#' + d.value;
+           });
+           enter.append('rect').attr('width', '24px').attr('height', '24px').attr('x', '-12px').attr('y', '-12px'); // update
 
-               layerEnter
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'markers');
+           mapFeatures.merge(enter).attr('transform', transform);
+         }
 
-               layer = layerEnter
-                   .merge(layer);
+         function drawMapFeatures(selection) {
+           var enabled = svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled;
+           var service = getService();
+           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary-map-features').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           layer = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-mapillary-map-features layer-mapillary-detections').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none').merge(layer);
 
-               if (enabled) {
-                   if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
-                       editOn();
-                       update();
-                       service.loadImages(projection);
-                   } else {
-                       editOff();
-                   }
-               }
+           if (enabled) {
+             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+               editOn();
+               update();
+               service.loadMapFeatures(projection);
+               service.showFeatureDetections(true);
+             } else {
+               editOff();
+             }
+           } else if (service) {
+             service.showFeatureDetections(false);
            }
+         }
 
+         drawMapFeatures.enabled = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled;
+           svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled = _;
 
-           drawImages.enabled = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled;
-               svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled = _;
-               if (svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled) {
-                   showLayer();
-               } else {
-                   hideLayer();
-               }
-               dispatch.call('change');
-               return this;
-           };
-
+           if (svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled) {
+             showLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_map_features', update);
+           } else {
+             hideLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.mapillary_map_features', null);
+           }
 
-           drawImages.supported = function() {
-               return !!getService();
-           };
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
+         drawMapFeatures.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
 
-           init();
-           return drawImages;
+         init();
+         return drawMapFeatures;
        }
 
-       function svgOsm(projection, context, dispatch) {
-           var enabled = true;
-
-
-           function drawOsm(selection) {
-               selection.selectAll('.layer-osm')
-                   .data(['covered', 'areas', 'lines', 'points', 'labels'])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'layer-osm ' + d; });
-
-               selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points').selectAll('.points-group')
-                   .data(['points', 'midpoints', 'vertices', 'turns'])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'points-group ' + d; });
-           }
+       function svgKartaviewImages(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var minMarkerZoom = 16;
+         var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
+         var layer = select(null);
 
-           function showLayer() {
-               var layer = context.surface().selectAll('.data-layer.osm');
-               layer.interrupt();
+         var _kartaview;
 
-               layer
-                   .classed('disabled', false)
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(250)
-                   .style('opacity', 1)
-                   .on('end interrupt', function () {
-                       dispatch.call('change');
-                   });
-           }
+         function init() {
+           if (svgKartaviewImages.initialized) return; // run once
 
+           svgKartaviewImages.enabled = false;
+           svgKartaviewImages.initialized = true;
+         }
 
-           function hideLayer() {
-               var layer = context.surface().selectAll('.data-layer.osm');
-               layer.interrupt();
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.kartaview && !_kartaview) {
+             _kartaview = services.kartaview;
 
-               layer
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(250)
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .on('end interrupt', function () {
-                       layer.classed('disabled', true);
-                       dispatch.call('change');
-                   });
+             _kartaview.event.on('loadedImages', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.kartaview && _kartaview) {
+             _kartaview = null;
            }
 
+           return _kartaview;
+         }
 
-           drawOsm.enabled = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return enabled;
-               enabled = val;
-
-               if (enabled) {
-                   showLayer();
-               } else {
-                   hideLayer();
-               }
+         function showLayer() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           editOn();
+           layer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end', function () {
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         }
 
-               dispatch.call('change');
-               return this;
-           };
+         function hideLayer() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end', editOff);
+         }
 
+         function editOn() {
+           layer.style('display', 'block');
+         }
 
-           return drawOsm;
-       }
+         function editOff() {
+           layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
+           layer.style('display', 'none');
+         }
 
-       var _notesEnabled = false;
-       var _osmService;
+         function click(d3_event, d) {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (!service) return;
+           service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
+             service.selectImage(context, d.key).showViewer(context);
+           });
+           context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
+         }
 
+         function mouseover(d3_event, d) {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (service) service.setStyles(context, d);
+         }
 
-       function svgNotes(projection, context, dispatch$1) {
-           if (!dispatch$1) { dispatch$1 = dispatch('change'); }
-           var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { dispatch$1.call('change'); }, 1000);
-           var minZoom = 12;
-           var touchLayer = select(null);
-           var drawLayer = select(null);
-           var _notesVisible = false;
+         function mouseout() {
+           var service = getService();
+           if (service) service.setStyles(context, null);
+         }
 
+         function transform(d) {
+           var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
 
-           function markerPath(selection, klass) {
-               selection
-                   .attr('class', klass)
-                   .attr('transform', 'translate(-8, -22)')
-                   .attr('d', 'm17.5,0l-15,0c-1.37,0 -2.5,1.12 -2.5,2.5l0,11.25c0,1.37 1.12,2.5 2.5,2.5l3.75,0l0,3.28c0,0.38 0.43,0.6 0.75,0.37l4.87,-3.65l5.62,0c1.37,0 2.5,-1.12 2.5,-2.5l0,-11.25c0,-1.37 -1.12,-2.5 -2.5,-2.5z');
+           if (d.ca) {
+             t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(d.ca) + ',0,0)';
            }
 
+           return t;
+         }
 
-           // Loosely-coupled osm service for fetching notes.
-           function getService() {
-               if (services.osm && !_osmService) {
-                   _osmService = services.osm;
-                   _osmService.on('loadedNotes', throttledRedraw);
-               } else if (!services.osm && _osmService) {
-                   _osmService = null;
-               }
+         function filterImages(images) {
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
+           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
 
-               return _osmService;
+           if (fromDate) {
+             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
+             images = images.filter(function (item) {
+               return new Date(item.captured_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
+             });
            }
 
+           if (toDate) {
+             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
+             images = images.filter(function (item) {
+               return new Date(item.captured_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
+             });
+           }
 
-           // Show the notes
-           function editOn() {
-               if (!_notesVisible) {
-                   _notesVisible = true;
-                   drawLayer
-                       .style('display', 'block');
-               }
+           if (usernames) {
+             images = images.filter(function (item) {
+               return usernames.indexOf(item.captured_by) !== -1;
+             });
            }
 
+           return images;
+         }
+
+         function filterSequences(sequences) {
+           var fromDate = context.photos().fromDate();
+           var toDate = context.photos().toDate();
+           var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
 
-           // Immediately remove the notes and their touch targets
-           function editOff() {
-               if (_notesVisible) {
-                   _notesVisible = false;
-                   drawLayer
-                       .style('display', 'none');
-                   drawLayer.selectAll('.note')
-                       .remove();
-                   touchLayer.selectAll('.note')
-                       .remove();
-               }
+           if (fromDate) {
+             var fromTimestamp = new Date(fromDate).getTime();
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (image) {
+               return new Date(image.properties.captured_at).getTime() >= fromTimestamp;
+             });
            }
 
+           if (toDate) {
+             var toTimestamp = new Date(toDate).getTime();
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (image) {
+               return new Date(image.properties.captured_at).getTime() <= toTimestamp;
+             });
+           }
 
-           // Enable the layer.  This shows the notes and transitions them to visible.
-           function layerOn() {
-               editOn();
-
-               drawLayer
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(250)
-                   .style('opacity', 1)
-                   .on('end interrupt', function () {
-                       dispatch$1.call('change');
-                   });
+           if (usernames) {
+             sequences = sequences.filter(function (image) {
+               return usernames.indexOf(image.properties.captured_by) !== -1;
+             });
            }
 
+           return sequences;
+         }
 
-           // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the notes.
-           function layerOff() {
-               throttledRedraw.cancel();
-               drawLayer.interrupt();
-               touchLayer.selectAll('.note')
-                   .remove();
+         function update() {
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
+           var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
+           var showMarkers = z >= minMarkerZoom;
+           var showViewfields = z >= minViewfieldZoom;
+           var service = getService();
+           var sequences = [];
+           var images = [];
 
-               drawLayer
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(250)
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .on('end interrupt', function () {
-                       editOff();
-                       dispatch$1.call('change');
-                   });
+           if (context.photos().showsFlat()) {
+             sequences = service ? service.sequences(projection) : [];
+             images = service && showMarkers ? service.images(projection) : [];
+             sequences = filterSequences(sequences);
+             images = filterImages(images);
            }
 
+           var traces = layer.selectAll('.sequences').selectAll('.sequence').data(sequences, function (d) {
+             return d.properties.key;
+           }); // exit
 
-           // Update the note markers
-           function updateMarkers() {
-               if (!_notesVisible || !_notesEnabled) return;
-
-               var service = getService();
-               var selectedID = context.selectedNoteID();
-               var data = (service ? service.notes(projection) : []);
-               var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection);
-
-               // Draw markers..
-               var notes = drawLayer.selectAll('.note')
-                   .data(data, function(d) { return d.status + d.id; });
-
-               // exit
-               notes.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter
-               var notesEnter = notes.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'note note-' + d.id + ' ' + d.status; })
-                   .classed('new', function(d) { return d.id < 0; });
-
-               notesEnter
-                   .append('ellipse')
-                   .attr('cx', 0.5)
-                   .attr('cy', 1)
-                   .attr('rx', 6.5)
-                   .attr('ry', 3)
-                   .attr('class', 'stroke');
-
-               notesEnter
-                   .append('path')
-                   .call(markerPath, 'shadow');
-
-               notesEnter
-                   .append('use')
-                   .attr('class', 'note-fill')
-                   .attr('width', '20px')
-                   .attr('height', '20px')
-                   .attr('x', '-8px')
-                   .attr('y', '-22px')
-                   .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-icon-note');
-
-               notesEnter.selectAll('.icon-annotation')
-                   .data(function(d) { return [d]; })
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('use')
-                   .attr('class', 'icon-annotation')
-                   .attr('width', '10px')
-                   .attr('height', '10px')
-                   .attr('x', '-3px')
-                   .attr('y', '-19px')
-                   .attr('xlink:href', function(d) {
-                       return '#iD-icon-' + (d.id < 0 ? 'plus' : (d.status === 'open' ? 'close' : 'apply'));
-                   });
+           traces.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-               // update
-               notes
-                   .merge(notesEnter)
-                   .sort(sortY)
-                   .classed('selected', function(d) {
-                       var mode = context.mode();
-                       var isMoving = mode && mode.id === 'drag-note';  // no shadows when dragging
-                       return !isMoving && d.id === selectedID;
-                   })
-                   .attr('transform', getTransform);
+           traces = traces.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'sequence').merge(traces).attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
+           var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group').data(images, function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }); // exit
 
+           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-               // Draw targets..
-               if (touchLayer.empty()) return;
-               var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-group').on('mouseenter', mouseover).on('mouseleave', mouseout).on('click', click);
+           groupsEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'viewfield-scale'); // update
 
-               var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.note')
-                   .data(data, function(d) { return d.id; });
+           var markers = groups.merge(groupsEnter).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a === selected ? 1 : b === selected ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1]; // sort Y
+           }).attr('transform', transform).select('.viewfield-scale');
+           markers.selectAll('circle').data([0]).enter().append('circle').attr('dx', '0').attr('dy', '0').attr('r', '6');
+           var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield').data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);
+           viewfields.exit().remove();
+           viewfields.enter() // viewfields may or may not be drawn...
+           .insert('path', 'circle') // but if they are, draw below the circles
+           .attr('class', 'viewfield').attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)').attr('d', 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z');
+         }
 
-               // exit
-               targets.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         function drawImages(selection) {
+           var enabled = svgKartaviewImages.enabled,
+               service = getService();
+           layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-kartaview').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           layer.exit().remove();
+           var layerEnter = layer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-kartaview').style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');
+           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'sequences');
+           layerEnter.append('g').attr('class', 'markers');
+           layer = layerEnter.merge(layer);
 
-               // enter/update
-               targets.enter()
-                   .append('rect')
-                   .attr('width', '20px')
-                   .attr('height', '20px')
-                   .attr('x', '-8px')
-                   .attr('y', '-22px')
-                   .merge(targets)
-                   .sort(sortY)
-                   .attr('class', function(d) {
-                       var newClass = (d.id < 0 ? 'new' : '');
-                       return 'note target note-' + d.id + ' ' + fillClass + newClass;
-                   })
-                   .attr('transform', getTransform);
+           if (enabled) {
+             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+               editOn();
+               update();
+               service.loadImages(projection);
+             } else {
+               editOff();
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
+         drawImages.enabled = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return svgKartaviewImages.enabled;
+           svgKartaviewImages.enabled = _;
 
-               function sortY(a, b) {
-                   return (a.id === selectedID) ? 1 : (b.id === selectedID) ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
-               }
+           if (svgKartaviewImages.enabled) {
+             showLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.kartaview_images', update);
+           } else {
+             hideLayer();
+             context.photos().on('change.kartaview_images', null);
            }
 
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
+
+         drawImages.supported = function () {
+           return !!getService();
+         };
+
+         init();
+         return drawImages;
+       }
 
-           // Draw the notes layer and schedule loading notes and updating markers.
-           function drawNotes(selection) {
-               var service = getService();
+       function svgOsm(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         var enabled = true;
 
-               var surface = context.surface();
-               if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
-                   touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
-               }
+         function drawOsm(selection) {
+           selection.selectAll('.layer-osm').data(['covered', 'areas', 'lines', 'points', 'labels']).enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'layer-osm ' + d;
+           });
+           selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points').selectAll('.points-group').data(['points', 'midpoints', 'vertices', 'turns']).enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'points-group ' + d;
+           });
+         }
 
-               drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-notes')
-                   .data(service ? [0] : []);
+         function showLayer() {
+           var layer = context.surface().selectAll('.data-layer.osm');
+           layer.interrupt();
+           layer.classed('disabled', false).style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         }
 
-               drawLayer.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         function hideLayer() {
+           var layer = context.surface().selectAll('.data-layer.osm');
+           layer.interrupt();
+           layer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             layer.classed('disabled', true);
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         }
 
-               drawLayer = drawLayer.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-notes')
-                   .style('display', _notesEnabled ? 'block' : 'none')
-                   .merge(drawLayer);
+         drawOsm.enabled = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return enabled;
+           enabled = val;
 
-               if (_notesEnabled) {
-                   if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
-                       editOn();
-                       service.loadNotes(projection);
-                       updateMarkers();
-                   } else {
-                       editOff();
-                   }
-               }
+           if (enabled) {
+             showLayer();
+           } else {
+             hideLayer();
            }
 
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-           // Toggles the layer on and off
-           drawNotes.enabled = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _notesEnabled;
+         return drawOsm;
+       }
 
-               _notesEnabled = val;
-               if (_notesEnabled) {
-                   layerOn();
-               } else {
-                   layerOff();
-                   if (context.selectedNoteID()) {
-                       context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-                   }
-               }
+       var _notesEnabled = false;
 
-               dispatch$1.call('change');
-               return this;
-           };
+       var _osmService;
 
+       function svgNotes(projection, context, dispatch) {
+         if (!dispatch) {
+           dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         }
 
-           return drawNotes;
-       }
+         var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () {
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         }, 1000);
 
-       function svgTouch() {
+         var minZoom = 12;
+         var touchLayer = select(null);
+         var drawLayer = select(null);
+         var _notesVisible = false;
 
-           function drawTouch(selection) {
-               selection.selectAll('.layer-touch')
-                   .data(['areas', 'lines', 'points', 'turns', 'markers'])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'layer-touch ' + d; });
-           }
+         function markerPath(selection, klass) {
+           selection.attr('class', klass).attr('transform', 'translate(-8, -22)').attr('d', 'm17.5,0l-15,0c-1.37,0 -2.5,1.12 -2.5,2.5l0,11.25c0,1.37 1.12,2.5 2.5,2.5l3.75,0l0,3.28c0,0.38 0.43,0.6 0.75,0.37l4.87,-3.65l5.62,0c1.37,0 2.5,-1.12 2.5,-2.5l0,-11.25c0,-1.37 -1.12,-2.5 -2.5,-2.5z');
+         } // Loosely-coupled osm service for fetching notes.
 
-           return drawTouch;
-       }
 
-       function refresh(selection, node) {
-           var cr = node.getBoundingClientRect();
-           var prop = [cr.width, cr.height];
-           selection.property('__dimensions__', prop);
-           return prop;
-       }
+         function getService() {
+           if (services.osm && !_osmService) {
+             _osmService = services.osm;
 
-       function utilGetDimensions(selection, force) {
-           if (!selection || selection.empty()) {
-               return [0, 0];
+             _osmService.on('loadedNotes', throttledRedraw);
+           } else if (!services.osm && _osmService) {
+             _osmService = null;
            }
-           var node = selection.node(),
-               cached = selection.property('__dimensions__');
-           return (!cached || force) ? refresh(selection, node) : cached;
-       }
 
+           return _osmService;
+         } // Show the notes
 
-       function utilSetDimensions(selection, dimensions) {
-           if (!selection || selection.empty()) {
-               return selection;
+
+         function editOn() {
+           if (!_notesVisible) {
+             _notesVisible = true;
+             drawLayer.style('display', 'block');
            }
-           var node = selection.node();
-           if (dimensions === null) {
-               refresh(selection, node);
-               return selection;
+         } // Immediately remove the notes and their touch targets
+
+
+         function editOff() {
+           if (_notesVisible) {
+             _notesVisible = false;
+             drawLayer.style('display', 'none');
+             drawLayer.selectAll('.note').remove();
+             touchLayer.selectAll('.note').remove();
            }
-           return selection
-               .property('__dimensions__', [dimensions[0], dimensions[1]])
-               .attr('width', dimensions[0])
-               .attr('height', dimensions[1]);
-       }
+         } // Enable the layer.  This shows the notes and transitions them to visible.
 
-       function svgLayers(projection, context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-           var svg = select(null);
-           var _layers = [
-               { id: 'osm', layer: svgOsm(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
-               { id: 'notes', layer: svgNotes(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
-               { id: 'data', layer: svgData(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
-               { id: 'keepRight', layer: svgKeepRight(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
-               { id: 'improveOSM', layer: svgImproveOSM(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
-               { id: 'osmose', layer: svgOsmose(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
-               { id: 'streetside', layer: svgStreetside(projection, context, dispatch$1)},
-               { id: 'mapillary', layer: svgMapillaryImages(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
-               { id: 'mapillary-map-features',  layer: svgMapillaryMapFeatures(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
-               { id: 'mapillary-signs',  layer: svgMapillarySigns(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
-               { id: 'openstreetcam', layer: svgOpenstreetcamImages(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
-               { id: 'debug', layer: svgDebug(projection, context) },
-               { id: 'geolocate', layer: svgGeolocate(projection) },
-               { id: 'touch', layer: svgTouch() }
-           ];
+
+         function layerOn() {
+           editOn();
+           drawLayer.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 1).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         } // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the notes.
 
 
-           function drawLayers(selection) {
-               svg = selection.selectAll('.surface')
-                   .data([0]);
+         function layerOff() {
+           throttledRedraw.cancel();
+           drawLayer.interrupt();
+           touchLayer.selectAll('.note').remove();
+           drawLayer.transition().duration(250).style('opacity', 0).on('end interrupt', function () {
+             editOff();
+             dispatch.call('change');
+           });
+         } // Update the note markers
 
-               svg = svg.enter()
-                   .append('svg')
-                   .attr('class', 'surface')
-                   .merge(svg);
 
-               var defs = svg.selectAll('.surface-defs')
-                   .data([0]);
+         function updateMarkers() {
+           if (!_notesVisible || !_notesEnabled) return;
+           var service = getService();
+           var selectedID = context.selectedNoteID();
+           var data = service ? service.notes(projection) : [];
+           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection); // Draw markers..
+
+           var notes = drawLayer.selectAll('.note').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.status + d.id;
+           }); // exit
+
+           notes.exit().remove(); // enter
+
+           var notesEnter = notes.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'note note-' + d.id + ' ' + d.status;
+           }).classed('new', function (d) {
+             return d.id < 0;
+           });
+           notesEnter.append('ellipse').attr('cx', 0.5).attr('cy', 1).attr('rx', 6.5).attr('ry', 3).attr('class', 'stroke');
+           notesEnter.append('path').call(markerPath, 'shadow');
+           notesEnter.append('use').attr('class', 'note-fill').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '20px').attr('x', '-8px').attr('y', '-22px').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-icon-note');
+           notesEnter.selectAll('.icon-annotation').data(function (d) {
+             return [d];
+           }).enter().append('use').attr('class', 'icon-annotation').attr('width', '10px').attr('height', '10px').attr('x', '-3px').attr('y', '-19px').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             if (d.id < 0) return '#iD-icon-plus';
+             if (d.status === 'open') return '#iD-icon-close';
+             return '#iD-icon-apply';
+           }); // update
+
+           notes.merge(notesEnter).sort(sortY).classed('selected', function (d) {
+             var mode = context.mode();
+             var isMoving = mode && mode.id === 'drag-note'; // no shadows when dragging
+
+             return !isMoving && d.id === selectedID;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform); // Draw targets..
 
-               defs.enter()
-                   .append('defs')
-                   .attr('class', 'surface-defs');
+           if (touchLayer.empty()) return;
+           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.note').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-               var groups = svg.selectAll('.data-layer')
-                   .data(_layers);
+           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-               groups.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           targets.enter().append('rect').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '20px').attr('x', '-8px').attr('y', '-22px').merge(targets).sort(sortY).attr('class', function (d) {
+             var newClass = d.id < 0 ? 'new' : '';
+             return 'note target note-' + d.id + ' ' + fillClass + newClass;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
 
-               groups.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'data-layer ' + d.id; })
-                   .merge(groups)
-                   .each(function(d) { select(this).call(d.layer); });
+           function sortY(a, b) {
+             if (a.id === selectedID) return 1;
+             if (b.id === selectedID) return -1;
+             return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
            }
+         } // Draw the notes layer and schedule loading notes and updating markers.
 
 
-           drawLayers.all = function() {
-               return _layers;
-           };
-
+         function drawNotes(selection) {
+           var service = getService();
+           var surface = context.surface();
 
-           drawLayers.layer = function(id) {
-               var obj = _layers.find(function(o) { return o.id === id; });
-               return obj && obj.layer;
-           };
+           if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
+             touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
+           }
 
+           drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-notes').data(service ? [0] : []);
+           drawLayer.exit().remove();
+           drawLayer = drawLayer.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'layer-notes').style('display', _notesEnabled ? 'block' : 'none').merge(drawLayer);
 
-           drawLayers.only = function(what) {
-               var arr = [].concat(what);
-               var all = _layers.map(function(layer) { return layer.id; });
-               return drawLayers.remove(utilArrayDifference(all, arr));
-           };
+           if (_notesEnabled) {
+             if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
+               editOn();
+               service.loadNotes(projection);
+               updateMarkers();
+             } else {
+               editOff();
+             }
+           }
+         } // Toggles the layer on and off
 
 
-           drawLayers.remove = function(what) {
-               var arr = [].concat(what);
-               arr.forEach(function(id) {
-                   _layers = _layers.filter(function(o) { return o.id !== id; });
-               });
-               dispatch$1.call('change');
-               return this;
-           };
+         drawNotes.enabled = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _notesEnabled;
+           _notesEnabled = val;
 
+           if (_notesEnabled) {
+             layerOn();
+           } else {
+             layerOff();
 
-           drawLayers.add = function(what) {
-               var arr = [].concat(what);
-               arr.forEach(function(obj) {
-                   if ('id' in obj && 'layer' in obj) {
-                       _layers.push(obj);
-                   }
-               });
-               dispatch$1.call('change');
-               return this;
-           };
+             if (context.selectedNoteID()) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             }
+           }
 
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-           drawLayers.dimensions = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return utilGetDimensions(svg);
-               utilSetDimensions(svg, val);
-               return this;
-           };
+         return drawNotes;
+       }
 
+       function svgTouch() {
+         function drawTouch(selection) {
+           selection.selectAll('.layer-touch').data(['areas', 'lines', 'points', 'turns', 'markers']).enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'layer-touch ' + d;
+           });
+         }
 
-           return utilRebind(drawLayers, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return drawTouch;
        }
 
-       function svgLines(projection, context) {
-           var detected = utilDetect();
+       function refresh(selection, node) {
+         var cr = node.getBoundingClientRect();
+         var prop = [cr.width, cr.height];
+         selection.property('__dimensions__', prop);
+         return prop;
+       }
 
-           var highway_stack = {
-               motorway: 0,
-               motorway_link: 1,
-               trunk: 2,
-               trunk_link: 3,
-               primary: 4,
-               primary_link: 5,
-               secondary: 6,
-               tertiary: 7,
-               unclassified: 8,
-               residential: 9,
-               service: 10,
-               footway: 11
-           };
+       function utilGetDimensions(selection, force) {
+         if (!selection || selection.empty()) {
+           return [0, 0];
+         }
 
+         var node = selection.node(),
+             cached = selection.property('__dimensions__');
+         return !cached || force ? refresh(selection, node) : cached;
+       }
+       function utilSetDimensions(selection, dimensions) {
+         if (!selection || selection.empty()) {
+           return selection;
+         }
 
-           function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
-               var targetClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-               var nopeClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'red ' : 'nocolor ';
-               var getPath = svgPath(projection).geojson;
-               var activeID = context.activeID();
-               var base = context.history().base();
+         var node = selection.node();
 
-               // The targets and nopes will be MultiLineString sub-segments of the ways
-               var data = { targets: [], nopes: [] };
+         if (dimensions === null) {
+           refresh(selection, node);
+           return selection;
+         }
 
-               entities.forEach(function(way) {
-                   var features = svgSegmentWay(way, graph, activeID);
-                   data.targets.push.apply(data.targets, features.passive);
-                   data.nopes.push.apply(data.nopes, features.active);
-               });
+         return selection.property('__dimensions__', [dimensions[0], dimensions[1]]).attr('width', dimensions[0]).attr('height', dimensions[1]);
+       }
 
+       function svgLayers(projection, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var svg = select(null);
+         var _layers = [{
+           id: 'osm',
+           layer: svgOsm(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'notes',
+           layer: svgNotes(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'data',
+           layer: svgData(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'keepRight',
+           layer: svgKeepRight(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'improveOSM',
+           layer: svgImproveOSM(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'osmose',
+           layer: svgOsmose(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'streetside',
+           layer: svgStreetside(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'mapillary',
+           layer: svgMapillaryImages(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'mapillary-position',
+           layer: svgMapillaryPosition(projection, context)
+         }, {
+           id: 'mapillary-map-features',
+           layer: svgMapillaryMapFeatures(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'mapillary-signs',
+           layer: svgMapillarySigns(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'kartaview',
+           layer: svgKartaviewImages(projection, context, dispatch)
+         }, {
+           id: 'debug',
+           layer: svgDebug(projection, context)
+         }, {
+           id: 'geolocate',
+           layer: svgGeolocate(projection)
+         }, {
+           id: 'touch',
+           layer: svgTouch()
+         }];
+
+         function drawLayers(selection) {
+           svg = selection.selectAll('.surface').data([0]);
+           svg = svg.enter().append('svg').attr('class', 'surface').merge(svg);
+           var defs = svg.selectAll('.surface-defs').data([0]);
+           defs.enter().append('defs').attr('class', 'surface-defs');
+           var groups = svg.selectAll('.data-layer').data(_layers);
+           groups.exit().remove();
+           groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'data-layer ' + d.id;
+           }).merge(groups).each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(d.layer);
+           });
+         }
 
-               // Targets allow hover and vertex snapping
-               var targetData = data.targets.filter(getPath);
-               var targets = selection.selectAll('.line.target-allowed')
-                   .filter(function(d) { return filter(d.properties.entity); })
-                   .data(targetData, function key(d) { return d.id; });
+         drawLayers.all = function () {
+           return _layers;
+         };
 
-               // exit
-               targets.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         drawLayers.layer = function (id) {
+           var obj = _layers.find(function (o) {
+             return o.id === id;
+           });
 
-               var segmentWasEdited = function(d) {
-                   var wayID = d.properties.entity.id;
-                   // if the whole line was edited, don't draw segment changes
-                   if (!base.entities[wayID] ||
-                       !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[wayID].nodes, base.entities[wayID].nodes)) {
-                       return false;
-                   }
-                   return d.properties.nodes.some(function(n) {
-                       return !base.entities[n.id] ||
-                              !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[n.id].loc, base.entities[n.id].loc);
-                   });
-               };
+           return obj && obj.layer;
+         };
 
-               // enter/update
-               targets.enter()
-                   .append('path')
-                   .merge(targets)
-                   .attr('d', getPath)
-                   .attr('class', function(d) {
-                       return 'way line target target-allowed ' + targetClass + d.id;
-                   })
-                   .classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited);
-
-               // NOPE
-               var nopeData = data.nopes.filter(getPath);
-               var nopes = selection.selectAll('.line.target-nope')
-                   .filter(function(d) { return filter(d.properties.entity); })
-                   .data(nopeData, function key(d) { return d.id; });
-
-               // exit
-               nopes.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter/update
-               nopes.enter()
-                   .append('path')
-                   .merge(nopes)
-                   .attr('d', getPath)
-                   .attr('class', function(d) {
-                       return 'way line target target-nope ' + nopeClass + d.id;
-                   })
-                   .classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited);
-           }
-
-
-           function drawLines(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
-               var base = context.history().base();
-
-               function waystack(a, b) {
-                   var selected = context.selectedIDs();
-                   var scoreA = selected.indexOf(a.id) !== -1 ? 20 : 0;
-                   var scoreB = selected.indexOf(b.id) !== -1 ? 20 : 0;
-
-                   if (a.tags.highway) { scoreA -= highway_stack[a.tags.highway]; }
-                   if (b.tags.highway) { scoreB -= highway_stack[b.tags.highway]; }
-                   return scoreA - scoreB;
-               }
-
-
-               function drawLineGroup(selection, klass, isSelected) {
-                   // Note: Don't add `.selected` class in draw modes
-                   var mode = context.mode();
-                   var isDrawing = mode && /^draw/.test(mode.id);
-                   var selectedClass = (!isDrawing && isSelected) ? 'selected ' : '';
-
-                   var lines = selection
-                       .selectAll('path')
-                       .filter(filter)
-                       .data(getPathData(isSelected), osmEntity.key);
-
-                   lines.exit()
-                       .remove();
-
-                   // Optimization: Call expensive TagClasses only on enter selection. This
-                   // works because osmEntity.key is defined to include the entity v attribute.
-                   lines.enter()
-                       .append('path')
-                       .attr('class', function(d) {
-
-                           var prefix = 'way line';
-
-                           // if this line isn't styled by its own tags
-                           if (!d.hasInterestingTags()) {
-
-                               var parentRelations = graph.parentRelations(d);
-                               var parentMultipolygons = parentRelations.filter(function(relation) {
-                                   return relation.isMultipolygon();
-                               });
-
-                               // and if it's a member of at least one multipolygon relation
-                               if (parentMultipolygons.length > 0 &&
-                                   // and only multipolygon relations
-                                   parentRelations.length === parentMultipolygons.length) {
-                                   // then fudge the classes to style this as an area edge
-                                   prefix = 'relation area';
-                               }
-                           }
+         drawLayers.only = function (what) {
+           var arr = [].concat(what);
 
-                           var oldMPClass = oldMultiPolygonOuters[d.id] ? 'old-multipolygon ' : '';
-                           return prefix + ' ' + klass + ' ' + selectedClass + oldMPClass + d.id;
-                       })
-                       .classed('added', function(d) {
-                           return !base.entities[d.id];
-                       })
-                       .classed('geometry-edited', function(d) {
-                           return graph.entities[d.id] &&
-                               base.entities[d.id] &&
-                               !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].nodes, base.entities[d.id].nodes);
-                       })
-                       .classed('retagged', function(d) {
-                           return graph.entities[d.id] &&
-                               base.entities[d.id] &&
-                               !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
-                       })
-                       .call(svgTagClasses())
-                       .merge(lines)
-                       .sort(waystack)
-                       .attr('d', getPath)
-                       .call(svgTagClasses().tags(svgRelationMemberTags(graph)));
+           var all = _layers.map(function (layer) {
+             return layer.id;
+           });
 
-                   return selection;
-               }
+           return drawLayers.remove(utilArrayDifference(all, arr));
+         };
 
+         drawLayers.remove = function (what) {
+           var arr = [].concat(what);
+           arr.forEach(function (id) {
+             _layers = _layers.filter(function (o) {
+               return o.id !== id;
+             });
+           });
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-               function getPathData(isSelected) {
-                   return function() {
-                       var layer = this.parentNode.__data__;
-                       var data = pathdata[layer] || [];
-                       return data.filter(function(d) {
-                           if (isSelected)
-                               return context.selectedIDs().indexOf(d.id) !== -1;
-                           else
-                               return context.selectedIDs().indexOf(d.id) === -1;
-                       });
-                   };
-               }
+         drawLayers.add = function (what) {
+           var arr = [].concat(what);
+           arr.forEach(function (obj) {
+             if ('id' in obj && 'layer' in obj) {
+               _layers.push(obj);
+             }
+           });
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return this;
+         };
 
-               function addMarkers(layergroup, pathclass, groupclass, groupdata, marker) {
-                   var markergroup = layergroup
-                       .selectAll('g.' + groupclass)
-                       .data([pathclass]);
+         drawLayers.dimensions = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return utilGetDimensions(svg);
+           utilSetDimensions(svg, val);
+           return this;
+         };
 
-                   markergroup = markergroup.enter()
-                       .append('g')
-                       .attr('class', groupclass)
-                       .merge(markergroup);
+         return utilRebind(drawLayers, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-                   var markers = markergroup
-                       .selectAll('path')
-                       .filter(filter)
-                       .data(
-                           function data() { return groupdata[this.parentNode.__data__] || []; },
-                           function key(d) { return [d.id, d.index]; }
-                       );
+       function svgLines(projection, context) {
+         var detected = utilDetect();
+         var highway_stack = {
+           motorway: 0,
+           motorway_link: 1,
+           trunk: 2,
+           trunk_link: 3,
+           primary: 4,
+           primary_link: 5,
+           secondary: 6,
+           tertiary: 7,
+           unclassified: 8,
+           residential: 9,
+           service: 10,
+           footway: 11
+         };
+
+         function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
+           var targetClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var nopeClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'red ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var getPath = svgPath(projection).geojson;
+           var activeID = context.activeID();
+           var base = context.history().base(); // The targets and nopes will be MultiLineString sub-segments of the ways
+
+           var data = {
+             targets: [],
+             nopes: []
+           };
+           entities.forEach(function (way) {
+             var features = svgSegmentWay(way, graph, activeID);
+             data.targets.push.apply(data.targets, features.passive);
+             data.nopes.push.apply(data.nopes, features.active);
+           }); // Targets allow hover and vertex snapping
+
+           var targetData = data.targets.filter(getPath);
+           var targets = selection.selectAll('.line.target-allowed').filter(function (d) {
+             return filter(d.properties.entity);
+           }).data(targetData, function key(d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
+
+           targets.exit().remove();
+
+           var segmentWasEdited = function segmentWasEdited(d) {
+             var wayID = d.properties.entity.id; // if the whole line was edited, don't draw segment changes
+
+             if (!base.entities[wayID] || !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[wayID].nodes, base.entities[wayID].nodes)) {
+               return false;
+             }
 
-                   markers.exit()
-                       .remove();
+             return d.properties.nodes.some(function (n) {
+               return !base.entities[n.id] || !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[n.id].loc, base.entities[n.id].loc);
+             });
+           }; // enter/update
 
-                   markers = markers.enter()
-                       .append('path')
-                       .attr('class', pathclass)
-                       .merge(markers)
-                       .attr('marker-mid', marker)
-                       .attr('d', function(d) { return d.d; });
 
-                   if (detected.ie) {
-                       markers.each(function() { this.parentNode.insertBefore(this, this); });
-                   }
-               }
+           targets.enter().append('path').merge(targets).attr('d', getPath).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'way line target target-allowed ' + targetClass + d.id;
+           }).classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited); // NOPE
 
+           var nopeData = data.nopes.filter(getPath);
+           var nopes = selection.selectAll('.line.target-nope').filter(function (d) {
+             return filter(d.properties.entity);
+           }).data(nopeData, function key(d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-               var getPath = svgPath(projection, graph);
-               var ways = [];
-               var onewaydata = {};
-               var sideddata = {};
-               var oldMultiPolygonOuters = {};
+           nopes.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-                   var entity = entities[i];
-                   var outer = osmOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph);
-                   if (outer) {
-                       ways.push(entity.mergeTags(outer.tags));
-                       oldMultiPolygonOuters[outer.id] = true;
-                   } else if (entity.geometry(graph) === 'line') {
-                       ways.push(entity);
-                   }
-               }
+           nopes.enter().append('path').merge(nopes).attr('d', getPath).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'way line target target-nope ' + nopeClass + d.id;
+           }).classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited);
+         }
 
-               ways = ways.filter(getPath);
-               var pathdata = utilArrayGroupBy(ways, function(way) { return way.layer(); });
+         function drawLines(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
+           var base = context.history().base();
 
-               Object.keys(pathdata).forEach(function(k) {
-                   var v = pathdata[k];
-                   var onewayArr = v.filter(function(d) { return d.isOneWay(); });
-                   var onewaySegments = svgMarkerSegments(
-                       projection, graph, 35,
-                       function shouldReverse(entity) { return entity.tags.oneway === '-1'; },
-                       function bothDirections(entity) {
-                           return entity.tags.oneway === 'reversible' || entity.tags.oneway === 'alternating';
-                       }
-                   );
-                   onewaydata[k] = utilArrayFlatten(onewayArr.map(onewaySegments));
-
-                   var sidedArr = v.filter(function(d) { return d.isSided(); });
-                   var sidedSegments = svgMarkerSegments(
-                       projection, graph, 30,
-                       function shouldReverse() { return false; },
-                       function bothDirections() { return false; }
-                   );
-                   sideddata[k] = utilArrayFlatten(sidedArr.map(sidedSegments));
-               });
+           function waystack(a, b) {
+             var selected = context.selectedIDs();
+             var scoreA = selected.indexOf(a.id) !== -1 ? 20 : 0;
+             var scoreB = selected.indexOf(b.id) !== -1 ? 20 : 0;
 
+             if (a.tags.highway) {
+               scoreA -= highway_stack[a.tags.highway];
+             }
 
-               var covered = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.covered');     // under areas
-               var uncovered = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.lines');     // over areas
-               var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.lines');
-
-               // Draw lines..
-               [covered, uncovered].forEach(function(selection) {
-                   var range = (selection === covered ? range$1(-10,0) : range$1(0,11));
-                   var layergroup = selection
-                       .selectAll('g.layergroup')
-                       .data(range);
-
-                   layergroup = layergroup.enter()
-                       .append('g')
-                       .attr('class', function(d) { return 'layergroup layer' + String(d); })
-                       .merge(layergroup);
-
-                   layergroup
-                       .selectAll('g.linegroup')
-                       .data(['shadow', 'casing', 'stroke', 'shadow-highlighted', 'casing-highlighted', 'stroke-highlighted'])
-                       .enter()
-                       .append('g')
-                       .attr('class', function(d) { return 'linegroup line-' + d; });
-
-                   layergroup.selectAll('g.line-shadow')
-                       .call(drawLineGroup, 'shadow', false);
-                   layergroup.selectAll('g.line-casing')
-                       .call(drawLineGroup, 'casing', false);
-                   layergroup.selectAll('g.line-stroke')
-                       .call(drawLineGroup, 'stroke', false);
-
-                   layergroup.selectAll('g.line-shadow-highlighted')
-                       .call(drawLineGroup, 'shadow', true);
-                   layergroup.selectAll('g.line-casing-highlighted')
-                       .call(drawLineGroup, 'casing', true);
-                   layergroup.selectAll('g.line-stroke-highlighted')
-                       .call(drawLineGroup, 'stroke', true);
-
-                   addMarkers(layergroup, 'oneway', 'onewaygroup', onewaydata, 'url(#ideditor-oneway-marker)');
-                   addMarkers(layergroup, 'sided', 'sidedgroup', sideddata,
-                       function marker(d) {
-                           var category = graph.entity(d.id).sidednessIdentifier();
-                           return 'url(#ideditor-sided-marker-' + category + ')';
-                       }
-                   );
-               });
+             if (b.tags.highway) {
+               scoreB -= highway_stack[b.tags.highway];
+             }
 
-               // Draw touch targets..
-               touchLayer
-                   .call(drawTargets, graph, ways, filter);
+             return scoreA - scoreB;
            }
 
+           function drawLineGroup(selection, klass, isSelected) {
+             // Note: Don't add `.selected` class in draw modes
+             var mode = context.mode();
+             var isDrawing = mode && /^draw/.test(mode.id);
+             var selectedClass = !isDrawing && isSelected ? 'selected ' : '';
+             var lines = selection.selectAll('path').filter(filter).data(getPathData(isSelected), osmEntity.key);
+             lines.exit().remove(); // Optimization: Call expensive TagClasses only on enter selection. This
+             // works because osmEntity.key is defined to include the entity v attribute.
 
-           return drawLines;
-       }
+             lines.enter().append('path').attr('class', function (d) {
+               var prefix = 'way line'; // if this line isn't styled by its own tags
 
-       function svgMidpoints(projection, context) {
-           var targetRadius = 8;
+               if (!d.hasInterestingTags()) {
+                 var parentRelations = graph.parentRelations(d);
+                 var parentMultipolygons = parentRelations.filter(function (relation) {
+                   return relation.isMultipolygon();
+                 }); // and if it's a member of at least one multipolygon relation
 
-           function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
-               var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-               var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection).geojson;
+                 if (parentMultipolygons.length > 0 && // and only multipolygon relations
+                 parentRelations.length === parentMultipolygons.length) {
+                   // then fudge the classes to style this as an area edge
+                   prefix = 'relation area';
+                 }
+               }
 
-               var data = entities.map(function(midpoint) {
-                   return {
-                       type: 'Feature',
-                       id: midpoint.id,
-                       properties: {
-                           target: true,
-                           entity: midpoint
-                       },
-                       geometry: {
-                           type: 'Point',
-                           coordinates: midpoint.loc
-                       }
-                   };
+               var oldMPClass = oldMultiPolygonOuters[d.id] ? 'old-multipolygon ' : '';
+               return prefix + ' ' + klass + ' ' + selectedClass + oldMPClass + d.id;
+             }).classed('added', function (d) {
+               return !base.entities[d.id];
+             }).classed('geometry-edited', function (d) {
+               return graph.entities[d.id] && base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].nodes, base.entities[d.id].nodes);
+             }).classed('retagged', function (d) {
+               return graph.entities[d.id] && base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
+             }).call(svgTagClasses()).merge(lines).sort(waystack).attr('d', getPath).call(svgTagClasses().tags(svgRelationMemberTags(graph)));
+             return selection;
+           }
+
+           function getPathData(isSelected) {
+             return function () {
+               var layer = this.parentNode.__data__;
+               var data = pathdata[layer] || [];
+               return data.filter(function (d) {
+                 if (isSelected) {
+                   return context.selectedIDs().indexOf(d.id) !== -1;
+                 } else {
+                   return context.selectedIDs().indexOf(d.id) === -1;
+                 }
                });
-
-               var targets = selection.selectAll('.midpoint.target')
-                   .filter(function(d) { return filter(d.properties.entity); })
-                   .data(data, function key(d) { return d.id; });
-
-               // exit
-               targets.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter/update
-               targets.enter()
-                   .append('circle')
-                   .attr('r', targetRadius)
-                   .merge(targets)
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'node midpoint target ' + fillClass + d.id; })
-                   .attr('transform', getTransform);
+             };
            }
 
+           function addMarkers(layergroup, pathclass, groupclass, groupdata, marker) {
+             var markergroup = layergroup.selectAll('g.' + groupclass).data([pathclass]);
+             markergroup = markergroup.enter().append('g').attr('class', groupclass).merge(markergroup);
+             var markers = markergroup.selectAll('path').filter(filter).data(function data() {
+               return groupdata[this.parentNode.__data__] || [];
+             }, function key(d) {
+               return [d.id, d.index];
+             });
+             markers.exit().remove();
+             markers = markers.enter().append('path').attr('class', pathclass).merge(markers).attr('marker-mid', marker).attr('d', function (d) {
+               return d.d;
+             });
 
-           function drawMidpoints(selection, graph, entities, filter, extent) {
-               var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.midpoints');
-               var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.points');
-
-               var mode = context.mode();
-               if ((mode && mode.id !== 'select') || !context.map().withinEditableZoom()) {
-                   drawLayer.selectAll('.midpoint').remove();
-                   touchLayer.selectAll('.midpoint.target').remove();
-                   return;
-               }
+             if (detected.ie) {
+               markers.each(function () {
+                 this.parentNode.insertBefore(this, this);
+               });
+             }
+           }
 
-               var poly = extent.polygon();
-               var midpoints = {};
+           var getPath = svgPath(projection, graph);
+           var ways = [];
+           var onewaydata = {};
+           var sideddata = {};
+           var oldMultiPolygonOuters = {};
 
-               for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-                   var entity = entities[i];
+           for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+             var entity = entities[i];
+             var outer = osmOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph);
 
-                   if (entity.type !== 'way') continue;
-                   if (!filter(entity)) continue;
-                   if (context.selectedIDs().indexOf(entity.id) < 0) continue;
+             if (outer) {
+               ways.push(entity.mergeTags(outer.tags));
+               oldMultiPolygonOuters[outer.id] = true;
+             } else if (entity.geometry(graph) === 'line') {
+               ways.push(entity);
+             }
+           }
 
-                   var nodes = graph.childNodes(entity);
-                   for (var j = 0; j < nodes.length - 1; j++) {
-                       var a = nodes[j];
-                       var b = nodes[j + 1];
-                       var id = [a.id, b.id].sort().join('-');
+           ways = ways.filter(getPath);
+           var pathdata = utilArrayGroupBy(ways, function (way) {
+             return way.layer();
+           });
+           Object.keys(pathdata).forEach(function (k) {
+             var v = pathdata[k];
+             var onewayArr = v.filter(function (d) {
+               return d.isOneWay();
+             });
+             var onewaySegments = svgMarkerSegments(projection, graph, 35, function shouldReverse(entity) {
+               return entity.tags.oneway === '-1';
+             }, function bothDirections(entity) {
+               return entity.tags.oneway === 'reversible' || entity.tags.oneway === 'alternating';
+             });
+             onewaydata[k] = utilArrayFlatten(onewayArr.map(onewaySegments));
+             var sidedArr = v.filter(function (d) {
+               return d.isSided();
+             });
+             var sidedSegments = svgMarkerSegments(projection, graph, 30, function shouldReverse() {
+               return false;
+             }, function bothDirections() {
+               return false;
+             });
+             sideddata[k] = utilArrayFlatten(sidedArr.map(sidedSegments));
+           });
+           var covered = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.covered'); // under areas
 
-                       if (midpoints[id]) {
-                           midpoints[id].parents.push(entity);
-                       } else if (geoVecLength(projection(a.loc), projection(b.loc)) > 40) {
-                           var point = geoVecInterp(a.loc, b.loc, 0.5);
-                           var loc = null;
+           var uncovered = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.lines'); // over areas
 
-                           if (extent.intersects(point)) {
-                               loc = point;
-                           } else {
-                               for (var k = 0; k < 4; k++) {
-                                   point = geoLineIntersection([a.loc, b.loc], [poly[k], poly[k + 1]]);
-                                   if (point &&
-                                       geoVecLength(projection(a.loc), projection(point)) > 20 &&
-                                       geoVecLength(projection(b.loc), projection(point)) > 20)
-                                   {
-                                       loc = point;
-                                       break;
-                                   }
-                               }
-                           }
+           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.lines'); // Draw lines..
 
-                           if (loc) {
-                               midpoints[id] = {
-                                   type: 'midpoint',
-                                   id: id,
-                                   loc: loc,
-                                   edge: [a.id, b.id],
-                                   parents: [entity]
-                               };
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+           [covered, uncovered].forEach(function (selection) {
+             var range = selection === covered ? range$1(-10, 0) : range$1(0, 11);
+             var layergroup = selection.selectAll('g.layergroup').data(range);
+             layergroup = layergroup.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+               return 'layergroup layer' + String(d);
+             }).merge(layergroup);
+             layergroup.selectAll('g.linegroup').data(['shadow', 'casing', 'stroke', 'shadow-highlighted', 'casing-highlighted', 'stroke-highlighted']).enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+               return 'linegroup line-' + d;
+             });
+             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-shadow').call(drawLineGroup, 'shadow', false);
+             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-casing').call(drawLineGroup, 'casing', false);
+             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-stroke').call(drawLineGroup, 'stroke', false);
+             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-shadow-highlighted').call(drawLineGroup, 'shadow', true);
+             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-casing-highlighted').call(drawLineGroup, 'casing', true);
+             layergroup.selectAll('g.line-stroke-highlighted').call(drawLineGroup, 'stroke', true);
+             addMarkers(layergroup, 'oneway', 'onewaygroup', onewaydata, 'url(#ideditor-oneway-marker)');
+             addMarkers(layergroup, 'sided', 'sidedgroup', sideddata, function marker(d) {
+               var category = graph.entity(d.id).sidednessIdentifier();
+               return 'url(#ideditor-sided-marker-' + category + ')';
+             });
+           }); // Draw touch targets..
 
+           touchLayer.call(drawTargets, graph, ways, filter);
+         }
 
-               function midpointFilter(d) {
-                   if (midpoints[d.id])
-                       return true;
+         return drawLines;
+       }
 
-                   for (var i = 0; i < d.parents.length; i++) {
-                       if (filter(d.parents[i])) {
-                           return true;
-                       }
-                   }
+       function svgMidpoints(projection, context) {
+         var targetRadius = 8;
 
-                   return false;
+         function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
+           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection).geojson;
+           var data = entities.map(function (midpoint) {
+             return {
+               type: 'Feature',
+               id: midpoint.id,
+               properties: {
+                 target: true,
+                 entity: midpoint
+               },
+               geometry: {
+                 type: 'Point',
+                 coordinates: midpoint.loc
                }
+             };
+           });
+           var targets = selection.selectAll('.midpoint.target').filter(function (d) {
+             return filter(d.properties.entity);
+           }).data(data, function key(d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
+           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+
+           targets.enter().append('circle').attr('r', targetRadius).merge(targets).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'node midpoint target ' + fillClass + d.id;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
+         }
 
-               var groups = drawLayer.selectAll('.midpoint')
-                   .filter(midpointFilter)
-                   .data(Object.values(midpoints), function(d) { return d.id; });
+         function drawMidpoints(selection, graph, entities, filter, extent) {
+           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.midpoints');
+           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.points');
+           var mode = context.mode();
 
-               groups.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           if (mode && mode.id !== 'select' || !context.map().withinEditableZoom()) {
+             drawLayer.selectAll('.midpoint').remove();
+             touchLayer.selectAll('.midpoint.target').remove();
+             return;
+           }
 
-               var enter = groups.enter()
-                   .insert('g', ':first-child')
-                   .attr('class', 'midpoint');
+           var poly = extent.polygon();
+           var midpoints = {};
 
-               enter
-                   .append('polygon')
-                   .attr('points', '-6,8 10,0 -6,-8')
-                   .attr('class', 'shadow');
+           for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+             var entity = entities[i];
+             if (entity.type !== 'way') continue;
+             if (!filter(entity)) continue;
+             if (context.selectedIDs().indexOf(entity.id) < 0) continue;
+             var nodes = graph.childNodes(entity);
 
-               enter
-                   .append('polygon')
-                   .attr('points', '-3,4 5,0 -3,-4')
-                   .attr('class', 'fill');
+             for (var j = 0; j < nodes.length - 1; j++) {
+               var a = nodes[j];
+               var b = nodes[j + 1];
+               var id = [a.id, b.id].sort().join('-');
 
-               groups = groups
-                   .merge(enter)
-                   .attr('transform', function(d) {
-                       var translate = svgPointTransform(projection);
-                       var a = graph.entity(d.edge[0]);
-                       var b = graph.entity(d.edge[1]);
-                       var angle = geoAngle(a, b, projection) * (180 / Math.PI);
-                       return translate(d) + ' rotate(' + angle + ')';
-                   })
-                   .call(svgTagClasses().tags(
-                       function(d) { return d.parents[0].tags; }
-                   ));
+               if (midpoints[id]) {
+                 midpoints[id].parents.push(entity);
+               } else if (geoVecLength(projection(a.loc), projection(b.loc)) > 40) {
+                 var point = geoVecInterp(a.loc, b.loc, 0.5);
+                 var loc = null;
 
-               // Propagate data bindings.
-               groups.select('polygon.shadow');
-               groups.select('polygon.fill');
+                 if (extent.intersects(point)) {
+                   loc = point;
+                 } else {
+                   for (var k = 0; k < 4; k++) {
+                     point = geoLineIntersection([a.loc, b.loc], [poly[k], poly[k + 1]]);
 
+                     if (point && geoVecLength(projection(a.loc), projection(point)) > 20 && geoVecLength(projection(b.loc), projection(point)) > 20) {
+                       loc = point;
+                       break;
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
 
-               // Draw touch targets..
-               touchLayer
-                   .call(drawTargets, graph, Object.values(midpoints), midpointFilter);
+                 if (loc) {
+                   midpoints[id] = {
+                     type: 'midpoint',
+                     id: id,
+                     loc: loc,
+                     edge: [a.id, b.id],
+                     parents: [entity]
+                   };
+                 }
+               }
+             }
            }
 
-           return drawMidpoints;
-       }
+           function midpointFilter(d) {
+             if (midpoints[d.id]) return true;
 
-       function svgPoints(projection, context) {
+             for (var i = 0; i < d.parents.length; i++) {
+               if (filter(d.parents[i])) {
+                 return true;
+               }
+             }
 
-           function markerPath(selection, klass) {
-               selection
-                   .attr('class', klass)
-                   .attr('transform', 'translate(-8, -23)')
-                   .attr('d', 'M 17,8 C 17,13 11,21 8.5,23.5 C 6,21 0,13 0,8 C 0,4 4,-0.5 8.5,-0.5 C 13,-0.5 17,4 17,8 z');
+             return false;
            }
 
-           function sortY(a, b) {
-               return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
-           }
+           var groups = drawLayer.selectAll('.midpoint').filter(midpointFilter).data(Object.values(midpoints), function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           });
+           groups.exit().remove();
+           var enter = groups.enter().insert('g', ':first-child').attr('class', 'midpoint');
+           enter.append('polygon').attr('points', '-6,8 10,0 -6,-8').attr('class', 'shadow');
+           enter.append('polygon').attr('points', '-3,4 5,0 -3,-4').attr('class', 'fill');
+           groups = groups.merge(enter).attr('transform', function (d) {
+             var translate = svgPointTransform(projection);
+             var a = graph.entity(d.edge[0]);
+             var b = graph.entity(d.edge[1]);
+             var angle = geoAngle(a, b, projection) * (180 / Math.PI);
+             return translate(d) + ' rotate(' + angle + ')';
+           }).call(svgTagClasses().tags(function (d) {
+             return d.parents[0].tags;
+           })); // Propagate data bindings.
 
+           groups.select('polygon.shadow');
+           groups.select('polygon.fill'); // Draw touch targets..
 
-           // Avoid exit/enter if we're just moving stuff around.
-           // The node will get a new version but we only need to run the update selection.
-           function fastEntityKey(d) {
-               var mode = context.mode();
-               var isMoving = mode && /^(add|draw|drag|move|rotate)/.test(mode.id);
-               return isMoving ? d.id : osmEntity.key(d);
-           }
+           touchLayer.call(drawTargets, graph, Object.values(midpoints), midpointFilter);
+         }
 
+         return drawMidpoints;
+       }
 
-           function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
-               var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-               var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection).geojson;
-               var activeID = context.activeID();
-               var data = [];
+       function svgPoints(projection, context) {
+         function markerPath(selection, klass) {
+           selection.attr('class', klass).attr('transform', 'translate(-8, -23)').attr('d', 'M 17,8 C 17,13 11,21 8.5,23.5 C 6,21 0,13 0,8 C 0,4 4,-0.5 8.5,-0.5 C 13,-0.5 17,4 17,8 z');
+         }
 
-               entities.forEach(function(node) {
-                   if (activeID === node.id) return;   // draw no target on the activeID
+         function sortY(a, b) {
+           return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
+         } // Avoid exit/enter if we're just moving stuff around.
+         // The node will get a new version but we only need to run the update selection.
 
-                   data.push({
-                       type: 'Feature',
-                       id: node.id,
-                       properties: {
-                           target: true,
-                           entity: node
-                       },
-                       geometry: node.asGeoJSON()
-                   });
-               });
 
-               var targets = selection.selectAll('.point.target')
-                   .filter(function(d) { return filter(d.properties.entity); })
-                   .data(data, function key(d) { return d.id; });
-
-               // exit
-               targets.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter/update
-               targets.enter()
-                   .append('rect')
-                   .attr('x', -10)
-                   .attr('y', -26)
-                   .attr('width', 20)
-                   .attr('height', 30)
-                   .merge(targets)
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'node point target ' + fillClass + d.id; })
-                   .attr('transform', getTransform);
-           }
-
-
-           function drawPoints(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
-               var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
-               var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
-               var base = context.history().base();
-
-               // Points with a direction will render as vertices at higher zooms..
-               function renderAsPoint(entity) {
-                   return entity.geometry(graph) === 'point' &&
-                       !(zoom >= 18 && entity.directions(graph, projection).length);
-               }
-
-               // All points will render as vertices in wireframe mode too..
-               var points = wireframe ? [] : entities.filter(renderAsPoint);
-               points.sort(sortY);
-
-
-               var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.points');
-               var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.points');
-
-               // Draw points..
-               var groups = drawLayer.selectAll('g.point')
-                   .filter(filter)
-                   .data(points, fastEntityKey);
-
-               groups.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               var enter = groups.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'node point ' + d.id; })
-                   .order();
-
-               enter
-                   .append('path')
-                   .call(markerPath, 'shadow');
-
-               enter
-                   .append('ellipse')
-                   .attr('cx', 0.5)
-                   .attr('cy', 1)
-                   .attr('rx', 6.5)
-                   .attr('ry', 3)
-                   .attr('class', 'stroke');
-
-               enter
-                   .append('path')
-                   .call(markerPath, 'stroke');
-
-               enter
-                   .append('use')
-                   .attr('transform', 'translate(-5, -19)')
-                   .attr('class', 'icon')
-                   .attr('width', '11px')
-                   .attr('height', '11px');
-
-               groups = groups
-                   .merge(enter)
-                   .attr('transform', svgPointTransform(projection))
-                   .classed('added', function(d) {
-                       return !base.entities[d.id]; // if it doesn't exist in the base graph, it's new
-                   })
-                   .classed('moved', function(d) {
-                       return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].loc, base.entities[d.id].loc);
-                   })
-                   .classed('retagged', function(d) {
-                       return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
-                   })
-                   .call(svgTagClasses());
-
-               groups.select('.shadow');   // propagate bound data
-               groups.select('.stroke');   // propagate bound data
-               groups.select('.icon')      // propagate bound data
-                   .attr('xlink:href', function(entity) {
-                       var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
-                       var picon = preset && preset.icon;
-
-                       if (!picon) {
-                           return '';
-                       } else {
-                           var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
-                           return '#' + picon + (isMaki ? '-11' : '');
-                       }
-                   });
+         function fastEntityKey(d) {
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           var isMoving = mode && /^(add|draw|drag|move|rotate)/.test(mode.id);
+           return isMoving ? d.id : osmEntity.key(d);
+         }
 
+         function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
+           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection).geojson;
+           var activeID = context.activeID();
+           var data = [];
+           entities.forEach(function (node) {
+             if (activeID === node.id) return; // draw no target on the activeID
 
-               // Draw touch targets..
-               touchLayer
-                   .call(drawTargets, graph, points, filter);
-           }
+             data.push({
+               type: 'Feature',
+               id: node.id,
+               properties: {
+                 target: true,
+                 entity: node
+               },
+               geometry: node.asGeoJSON()
+             });
+           });
+           var targets = selection.selectAll('.point.target').filter(function (d) {
+             return filter(d.properties.entity);
+           }).data(data, function key(d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
+
+           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+
+           targets.enter().append('rect').attr('x', -10).attr('y', -26).attr('width', 20).attr('height', 30).merge(targets).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'node point target ' + fillClass + d.id;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
+         }
+
+         function drawPoints(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
+           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
+           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+           var base = context.history().base(); // Points with a direction will render as vertices at higher zooms..
+
+           function renderAsPoint(entity) {
+             return entity.geometry(graph) === 'point' && !(zoom >= 18 && entity.directions(graph, projection).length);
+           } // All points will render as vertices in wireframe mode too..
+
+
+           var points = wireframe ? [] : entities.filter(renderAsPoint);
+           points.sort(sortY);
+           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.points');
+           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.points'); // Draw points..
+
+           var groups = drawLayer.selectAll('g.point').filter(filter).data(points, fastEntityKey);
+           groups.exit().remove();
+           var enter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'node point ' + d.id;
+           }).order();
+           enter.append('path').call(markerPath, 'shadow');
+           enter.append('ellipse').attr('cx', 0.5).attr('cy', 1).attr('rx', 6.5).attr('ry', 3).attr('class', 'stroke');
+           enter.append('path').call(markerPath, 'stroke');
+           enter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-5, -19)').attr('class', 'icon').attr('width', '11px').attr('height', '11px');
+           groups = groups.merge(enter).attr('transform', svgPointTransform(projection)).classed('added', function (d) {
+             return !base.entities[d.id]; // if it doesn't exist in the base graph, it's new
+           }).classed('moved', function (d) {
+             return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].loc, base.entities[d.id].loc);
+           }).classed('retagged', function (d) {
+             return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
+           }).call(svgTagClasses());
+           groups.select('.shadow'); // propagate bound data
+
+           groups.select('.stroke'); // propagate bound data
+
+           groups.select('.icon') // propagate bound data
+           .attr('xlink:href', function (entity) {
+             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+             var picon = preset && preset.icon;
+
+             if (!picon) {
+               return '';
+             } else {
+               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
+               return '#' + picon + (isMaki ? '-11' : '');
+             }
+           }); // Draw touch targets..
 
+           touchLayer.call(drawTargets, graph, points, filter);
+         }
 
-           return drawPoints;
+         return drawPoints;
        }
 
        function svgTurns(projection, context) {
+         function icon(turn) {
+           var u = turn.u ? '-u' : '';
+           if (turn.no) return '#iD-turn-no' + u;
+           if (turn.only) return '#iD-turn-only' + u;
+           return '#iD-turn-yes' + u;
+         }
 
-           function icon(turn) {
-               var u = turn.u ? '-u' : '';
-               if (turn.no) return '#iD-turn-no' + u;
-               if (turn.only) return '#iD-turn-only' + u;
-               return '#iD-turn-yes' + u;
-           }
+         function drawTurns(selection, graph, turns) {
+           function turnTransform(d) {
+             var pxRadius = 50;
+             var toWay = graph.entity(d.to.way);
+             var toPoints = graph.childNodes(toWay).map(function (n) {
+               return n.loc;
+             }).map(projection);
+             var toLength = geoPathLength(toPoints);
+             var mid = toLength / 2; // midpoint of destination way
 
-           function drawTurns(selection, graph, turns) {
+             var toNode = graph.entity(d.to.node);
+             var toVertex = graph.entity(d.to.vertex);
+             var a = geoAngle(toVertex, toNode, projection);
+             var o = projection(toVertex.loc);
+             var r = d.u ? 0 // u-turn: no radius
+             : !toWay.__via ? pxRadius // leaf way: put marker at pxRadius
+             : Math.min(mid, pxRadius); // via way: prefer pxRadius, fallback to mid for very short ways
 
-               function turnTransform(d) {
-                   var pxRadius = 50;
-                   var toWay = graph.entity(d.to.way);
-                   var toPoints = graph.childNodes(toWay)
-                       .map(function (n) { return n.loc; })
-                       .map(projection);
-                   var toLength = geoPathLength(toPoints);
-                   var mid = toLength / 2;    // midpoint of destination way
+             return 'translate(' + (r * Math.cos(a) + o[0]) + ',' + (r * Math.sin(a) + o[1]) + ') ' + 'rotate(' + a * 180 / Math.PI + ')';
+           }
 
-                   var toNode = graph.entity(d.to.node);
-                   var toVertex = graph.entity(d.to.vertex);
-                   var a = geoAngle(toVertex, toNode, projection);
-                   var o = projection(toVertex.loc);
-                   var r = d.u ? 0                  // u-turn: no radius
-                       : !toWay.__via ? pxRadius    // leaf way: put marker at pxRadius
-                       : Math.min(mid, pxRadius);   // via way: prefer pxRadius, fallback to mid for very short ways
+           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.turns');
+           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.turns'); // Draw turns..
 
-                   return 'translate(' + (r * Math.cos(a) + o[0]) + ',' + (r * Math.sin(a) + o[1]) + ') ' +
-                       'rotate(' + a * 180 / Math.PI + ')';
-               }
+           var groups = drawLayer.selectAll('g.turn').data(turns, function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }); // exit
 
+           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-               var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.turns');
-               var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.turns');
+           var groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'turn ' + d.key;
+           });
+           var turnsEnter = groupsEnter.filter(function (d) {
+             return !d.u;
+           });
+           turnsEnter.append('rect').attr('transform', 'translate(-22, -12)').attr('width', '44').attr('height', '24');
+           turnsEnter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-22, -12)').attr('width', '44').attr('height', '24');
+           var uEnter = groupsEnter.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.u;
+           });
+           uEnter.append('circle').attr('r', '16');
+           uEnter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-16, -16)').attr('width', '32').attr('height', '32'); // update
 
-               // Draw turns..
-               var groups = drawLayer.selectAll('g.turn')
-                   .data(turns, function(d) { return d.key; });
+           groups = groups.merge(groupsEnter).attr('opacity', function (d) {
+             return d.direct === false ? '0.7' : null;
+           }).attr('transform', turnTransform);
+           groups.select('use').attr('xlink:href', icon);
+           groups.select('rect'); // propagate bound data
 
-               // exit
-               groups.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           groups.select('circle'); // propagate bound data
+           // Draw touch targets..
 
-               // enter
-               var groupsEnter = groups.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'turn ' + d.key; });
+           var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           groups = touchLayer.selectAll('g.turn').data(turns, function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }); // exit
 
-               var turnsEnter = groupsEnter
-                   .filter(function(d) { return !d.u; });
+           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-               turnsEnter.append('rect')
-                   .attr('transform', 'translate(-22, -12)')
-                   .attr('width', '44')
-                   .attr('height', '24');
+           groupsEnter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'turn ' + d.key;
+           });
+           turnsEnter = groupsEnter.filter(function (d) {
+             return !d.u;
+           });
+           turnsEnter.append('rect').attr('class', 'target ' + fillClass).attr('transform', 'translate(-22, -12)').attr('width', '44').attr('height', '24');
+           uEnter = groupsEnter.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.u;
+           });
+           uEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'target ' + fillClass).attr('r', '16'); // update
 
-               turnsEnter.append('use')
-                   .attr('transform', 'translate(-22, -12)')
-                   .attr('width', '44')
-                   .attr('height', '24');
+           groups = groups.merge(groupsEnter).attr('transform', turnTransform);
+           groups.select('rect'); // propagate bound data
 
-               var uEnter = groupsEnter
-                   .filter(function(d) { return d.u; });
+           groups.select('circle'); // propagate bound data
 
-               uEnter.append('circle')
-                   .attr('r', '16');
+           return this;
+         }
 
-               uEnter.append('use')
-                   .attr('transform', 'translate(-16, -16)')
-                   .attr('width', '32')
-                   .attr('height', '32');
+         return drawTurns;
+       }
 
-               // update
-               groups = groups
-                   .merge(groupsEnter)
-                   .attr('opacity', function(d) { return d.direct === false ? '0.7' : null; })
-                   .attr('transform', turnTransform);
+       function svgVertices(projection, context) {
+         var radiuses = {
+           //       z16-, z17,   z18+,  w/icon
+           shadow: [6, 7.5, 7.5, 12],
+           stroke: [2.5, 3.5, 3.5, 8],
+           fill: [1, 1.5, 1.5, 1.5]
+         };
+
+         var _currHoverTarget;
+
+         var _currPersistent = {};
+         var _currHover = {};
+         var _prevHover = {};
+         var _currSelected = {};
+         var _prevSelected = {};
+         var _radii = {};
+
+         function sortY(a, b) {
+           return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
+         } // Avoid exit/enter if we're just moving stuff around.
+         // The node will get a new version but we only need to run the update selection.
+
+
+         function fastEntityKey(d) {
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           var isMoving = mode && /^(add|draw|drag|move|rotate)/.test(mode.id);
+           return isMoving ? d.id : osmEntity.key(d);
+         }
+
+         function draw(selection, graph, vertices, sets, filter) {
+           sets = sets || {
+             selected: {},
+             important: {},
+             hovered: {}
+           };
+           var icons = {};
+           var directions = {};
+           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
+           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+           var z = zoom < 17 ? 0 : zoom < 18 ? 1 : 2;
+           var activeID = context.activeID();
+           var base = context.history().base();
+
+           function getIcon(d) {
+             // always check latest entity, as fastEntityKey avoids enter/exit now
+             var entity = graph.entity(d.id);
+             if (entity.id in icons) return icons[entity.id];
+             icons[entity.id] = entity.hasInterestingTags() && _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph).icon;
+             return icons[entity.id];
+           } // memoize directions results, return false for empty arrays (for use in filter)
+
+
+           function getDirections(entity) {
+             if (entity.id in directions) return directions[entity.id];
+             var angles = entity.directions(graph, projection);
+             directions[entity.id] = angles.length ? angles : false;
+             return angles;
+           }
+
+           function updateAttributes(selection) {
+             ['shadow', 'stroke', 'fill'].forEach(function (klass) {
+               var rads = radiuses[klass];
+               selection.selectAll('.' + klass).each(function (entity) {
+                 var i = z && getIcon(entity);
+                 var r = rads[i ? 3 : z]; // slightly increase the size of unconnected endpoints #3775
+
+                 if (entity.id !== activeID && entity.isEndpoint(graph) && !entity.isConnected(graph)) {
+                   r += 1.5;
+                 }
 
-               groups.select('use')
-                   .attr('xlink:href', icon);
+                 if (klass === 'shadow') {
+                   // remember this value, so we don't need to
+                   _radii[entity.id] = r; // recompute it when we draw the touch targets
+                 }
 
-               groups.select('rect');      // propagate bound data
-               groups.select('circle');    // propagate bound data
+                 select(this).attr('r', r).attr('visibility', i && klass === 'fill' ? 'hidden' : null);
+               });
+             });
+           }
 
+           vertices.sort(sortY);
+           var groups = selection.selectAll('g.vertex').filter(filter).data(vertices, fastEntityKey); // exit
 
-               // Draw touch targets..
-               var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-               groups = touchLayer.selectAll('g.turn')
-                   .data(turns, function(d) { return d.key; });
+           groups.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-               // exit
-               groups.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           var enter = groups.enter().append('g').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'node vertex ' + d.id;
+           }).order();
+           enter.append('circle').attr('class', 'shadow');
+           enter.append('circle').attr('class', 'stroke'); // Vertices with tags get a fill.
 
-               // enter
-               groupsEnter = groups.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'turn ' + d.key; });
+           enter.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.hasInterestingTags();
+           }).append('circle').attr('class', 'fill'); // update
 
-               turnsEnter = groupsEnter
-                   .filter(function(d) { return !d.u; });
+           groups = groups.merge(enter).attr('transform', svgPointTransform(projection)).classed('sibling', function (d) {
+             return d.id in sets.selected;
+           }).classed('shared', function (d) {
+             return graph.isShared(d);
+           }).classed('endpoint', function (d) {
+             return d.isEndpoint(graph);
+           }).classed('added', function (d) {
+             return !base.entities[d.id]; // if it doesn't exist in the base graph, it's new
+           }).classed('moved', function (d) {
+             return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].loc, base.entities[d.id].loc);
+           }).classed('retagged', function (d) {
+             return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
+           }).call(updateAttributes); // Vertices with icons get a `use`.
 
-               turnsEnter.append('rect')
-                   .attr('class', 'target ' + fillClass)
-                   .attr('transform', 'translate(-22, -12)')
-                   .attr('width', '44')
-                   .attr('height', '24');
+           var iconUse = groups.selectAll('.icon').data(function data(d) {
+             return zoom >= 17 && getIcon(d) ? [d] : [];
+           }, fastEntityKey); // exit
 
-               uEnter = groupsEnter
-                   .filter(function(d) { return d.u; });
+           iconUse.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-               uEnter.append('circle')
-                   .attr('class', 'target ' + fillClass)
-                   .attr('r', '16');
+           iconUse.enter().append('use').attr('class', 'icon').attr('width', '11px').attr('height', '11px').attr('transform', 'translate(-5.5, -5.5)').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             var picon = getIcon(d);
+             var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
+             return '#' + picon + (isMaki ? '-11' : '');
+           }); // Vertices with directions get viewfields
 
-               // update
-               groups = groups
-                   .merge(groupsEnter)
-                   .attr('transform', turnTransform);
+           var dgroups = groups.selectAll('.viewfieldgroup').data(function data(d) {
+             return zoom >= 18 && getDirections(d) ? [d] : [];
+           }, fastEntityKey); // exit
 
-               groups.select('rect');      // propagate bound data
-               groups.select('circle');    // propagate bound data
+           dgroups.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
+           dgroups = dgroups.enter().insert('g', '.shadow').attr('class', 'viewfieldgroup').merge(dgroups);
+           var viewfields = dgroups.selectAll('.viewfield').data(getDirections, function key(d) {
+             return osmEntity.key(d);
+           }); // exit
 
-               return this;
-           }
+           viewfields.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
-           return drawTurns;
-       }
+           viewfields.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'viewfield').attr('d', 'M0,0H0').merge(viewfields).attr('marker-start', 'url(#ideditor-viewfield-marker' + (wireframe ? '-wireframe' : '') + ')').attr('transform', function (d) {
+             return 'rotate(' + d + ')';
+           });
+         }
 
-       function svgVertices(projection, context) {
-           var radiuses = {
-               //       z16-, z17,   z18+,  w/icon
-               shadow: [6,    7.5,   7.5,   12],
-               stroke: [2.5,  3.5,   3.5,   8],
-               fill:   [1,    1.5,   1.5,   1.5]
+         function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
+           var targetClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var nopeClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'red ' : 'nocolor ';
+           var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection).geojson;
+           var activeID = context.activeID();
+           var data = {
+             targets: [],
+             nopes: []
            };
+           entities.forEach(function (node) {
+             if (activeID === node.id) return; // draw no target on the activeID
 
-           var _currHoverTarget;
-           var _currPersistent = {};
-           var _currHover = {};
-           var _prevHover = {};
-           var _currSelected = {};
-           var _prevSelected = {};
-           var _radii = {};
+             var vertexType = svgPassiveVertex(node, graph, activeID);
 
+             if (vertexType !== 0) {
+               // passive or adjacent - allow to connect
+               data.targets.push({
+                 type: 'Feature',
+                 id: node.id,
+                 properties: {
+                   target: true,
+                   entity: node
+                 },
+                 geometry: node.asGeoJSON()
+               });
+             } else {
+               data.nopes.push({
+                 type: 'Feature',
+                 id: node.id + '-nope',
+                 properties: {
+                   nope: true,
+                   target: true,
+                   entity: node
+                 },
+                 geometry: node.asGeoJSON()
+               });
+             }
+           }); // Targets allow hover and vertex snapping
 
-           function sortY(a, b) {
-               return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
-           }
+           var targets = selection.selectAll('.vertex.target-allowed').filter(function (d) {
+             return filter(d.properties.entity);
+           }).data(data.targets, function key(d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-           // Avoid exit/enter if we're just moving stuff around.
-           // The node will get a new version but we only need to run the update selection.
-           function fastEntityKey(d) {
-               var mode = context.mode();
-               var isMoving = mode && /^(add|draw|drag|move|rotate)/.test(mode.id);
-               return isMoving ? d.id : osmEntity.key(d);
-           }
+           targets.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
+           targets.enter().append('circle').attr('r', function (d) {
+             return _radii[d.id] || radiuses.shadow[3];
+           }).merge(targets).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'node vertex target target-allowed ' + targetClass + d.id;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform); // NOPE
 
-           function draw(selection, graph, vertices, sets, filter) {
-               sets = sets || { selected: {}, important: {}, hovered: {} };
+           var nopes = selection.selectAll('.vertex.target-nope').filter(function (d) {
+             return filter(d.properties.entity);
+           }).data(data.nopes, function key(d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-               var icons = {};
-               var directions = {};
-               var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
-               var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
-               var z = (zoom < 17 ? 0 : zoom < 18 ? 1 : 2);
-               var activeID = context.activeID();
-               var base = context.history().base();
+           nopes.exit().remove(); // enter/update
 
+           nopes.enter().append('circle').attr('r', function (d) {
+             return _radii[d.properties.entity.id] || radiuses.shadow[3];
+           }).merge(nopes).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'node vertex target target-nope ' + nopeClass + d.id;
+           }).attr('transform', getTransform);
+         } // Points can also render as vertices:
+         // 1. in wireframe mode or
+         // 2. at higher zooms if they have a direction
 
-               function getIcon(d) {
-                   // always check latest entity, as fastEntityKey avoids enter/exit now
-                   var entity = graph.entity(d.id);
-                   if (entity.id in icons) return icons[entity.id];
 
-                   icons[entity.id] =
-                       entity.hasInterestingTags() &&
-                       _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph).icon;
+         function renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom) {
+           var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+           return geometry === 'vertex' || geometry === 'point' && (wireframe || zoom >= 18 && entity.directions(graph, projection).length);
+         }
 
-                   return icons[entity.id];
-               }
+         function isEditedNode(node, base, head) {
+           var baseNode = base.entities[node.id];
+           var headNode = head.entities[node.id];
+           return !headNode || !baseNode || !fastDeepEqual(headNode.tags, baseNode.tags) || !fastDeepEqual(headNode.loc, baseNode.loc);
+         }
 
+         function getSiblingAndChildVertices(ids, graph, wireframe, zoom) {
+           var results = {};
+           var seenIds = {};
 
-               // memoize directions results, return false for empty arrays (for use in filter)
-               function getDirections(entity) {
-                   if (entity.id in directions) return directions[entity.id];
+           function addChildVertices(entity) {
+             // avoid redundant work and infinite recursion of circular relations
+             if (seenIds[entity.id]) return;
+             seenIds[entity.id] = true;
+             var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
 
-                   var angles = entity.directions(graph, projection);
-                   directions[entity.id] = angles.length ? angles : false;
-                   return angles;
-               }
+             if (!context.features().isHiddenFeature(entity, graph, geometry)) {
+               var i;
 
+               if (entity.type === 'way') {
+                 for (i = 0; i < entity.nodes.length; i++) {
+                   var child = graph.hasEntity(entity.nodes[i]);
 
-               function updateAttributes(selection) {
-                   ['shadow', 'stroke', 'fill'].forEach(function(klass) {
-                       var rads = radiuses[klass];
-                       selection.selectAll('.' + klass)
-                           .each(function(entity) {
-                               var i = z && getIcon(entity);
-                               var r = rads[i ? 3 : z];
+                   if (child) {
+                     addChildVertices(child);
+                   }
+                 }
+               } else if (entity.type === 'relation') {
+                 for (i = 0; i < entity.members.length; i++) {
+                   var member = graph.hasEntity(entity.members[i].id);
 
-                               // slightly increase the size of unconnected endpoints #3775
-                               if (entity.id !== activeID && entity.isEndpoint(graph) && !entity.isConnected(graph)) {
-                                   r += 1.5;
-                               }
+                   if (member) {
+                     addChildVertices(member);
+                   }
+                 }
+               } else if (renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
+                 results[entity.id] = entity;
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-                               if (klass === 'shadow') {   // remember this value, so we don't need to
-                                   _radii[entity.id] = r;  // recompute it when we draw the touch targets
-                               }
+           ids.forEach(function (id) {
+             var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
+             if (!entity) return;
 
-                               select(this)
-                                   .attr('r', r)
-                                   .attr('visibility', (i && klass === 'fill') ? 'hidden' : null);
-                           });
-                   });
+             if (entity.type === 'node') {
+               if (renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
+                 results[entity.id] = entity;
+                 graph.parentWays(entity).forEach(function (entity) {
+                   addChildVertices(entity);
+                 });
                }
+             } else {
+               // way, relation
+               addChildVertices(entity);
+             }
+           });
+           return results;
+         }
 
-               vertices.sort(sortY);
-
-               var groups = selection.selectAll('g.vertex')
-                   .filter(filter)
-                   .data(vertices, fastEntityKey);
-
-               // exit
-               groups.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter
-               var enter = groups.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'node vertex ' + d.id; })
-                   .order();
-
-               enter
-                   .append('circle')
-                   .attr('class', 'shadow');
-
-               enter
-                   .append('circle')
-                   .attr('class', 'stroke');
-
-               // Vertices with tags get a fill.
-               enter.filter(function(d) { return d.hasInterestingTags(); })
-                   .append('circle')
-                   .attr('class', 'fill');
-
-               // update
-               groups = groups
-                   .merge(enter)
-                   .attr('transform', svgPointTransform(projection))
-                   .classed('sibling', function(d) { return d.id in sets.selected; })
-                   .classed('shared', function(d) { return graph.isShared(d); })
-                   .classed('endpoint', function(d) { return d.isEndpoint(graph); })
-                   .classed('added', function(d) {
-                       return !base.entities[d.id]; // if it doesn't exist in the base graph, it's new
-                   })
-                   .classed('moved', function(d) {
-                       return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].loc, base.entities[d.id].loc);
-                   })
-                   .classed('retagged', function(d) {
-                       return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
-                   })
-                   .call(updateAttributes);
-
-               // Vertices with icons get a `use`.
-               var iconUse = groups
-                   .selectAll('.icon')
-                   .data(function data(d) { return zoom >= 17 && getIcon(d) ? [d] : []; }, fastEntityKey);
-
-               // exit
-               iconUse.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter
-               iconUse.enter()
-                   .append('use')
-                   .attr('class', 'icon')
-                   .attr('width', '11px')
-                   .attr('height', '11px')
-                   .attr('transform', 'translate(-5.5, -5.5)')
-                   .attr('xlink:href', function(d) {
-                       var picon = getIcon(d);
-                       var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
-                       return '#' + picon + (isMaki ? '-11' : '');
-                   });
-
+         function drawVertices(selection, graph, entities, filter, extent, fullRedraw) {
+           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
+           var visualDiff = context.surface().classed('highlight-edited');
+           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           var isMoving = mode && /^(add|draw|drag|move|rotate)/.test(mode.id);
+           var base = context.history().base();
+           var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.vertices');
+           var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.points');
 
-               // Vertices with directions get viewfields
-               var dgroups = groups
-                   .selectAll('.viewfieldgroup')
-                   .data(function data(d) { return zoom >= 18 && getDirections(d) ? [d] : []; }, fastEntityKey);
-
-               // exit
-               dgroups.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter/update
-               dgroups = dgroups.enter()
-                   .insert('g', '.shadow')
-                   .attr('class', 'viewfieldgroup')
-                   .merge(dgroups);
-
-               var viewfields = dgroups.selectAll('.viewfield')
-                   .data(getDirections, function key(d) { return osmEntity.key(d); });
-
-               // exit
-               viewfields.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter/update
-               viewfields.enter()
-                   .append('path')
-                   .attr('class', 'viewfield')
-                   .attr('d', 'M0,0H0')
-                   .merge(viewfields)
-                   .attr('marker-start', 'url(#ideditor-viewfield-marker' + (wireframe ? '-wireframe' : '') + ')')
-                   .attr('transform', function(d) { return 'rotate(' + d + ')'; });
-           }
-
-
-           function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
-               var targetClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
-               var nopeClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'red ' : 'nocolor ';
-               var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection).geojson;
-               var activeID = context.activeID();
-               var data = { targets: [], nopes: [] };
-
-               entities.forEach(function(node) {
-                   if (activeID === node.id) return;   // draw no target on the activeID
-
-                   var vertexType = svgPassiveVertex(node, graph, activeID);
-                   if (vertexType !== 0) {     // passive or adjacent - allow to connect
-                       data.targets.push({
-                           type: 'Feature',
-                           id: node.id,
-                           properties: {
-                               target: true,
-                               entity: node
-                           },
-                           geometry: node.asGeoJSON()
-                       });
-                   } else {
-                       data.nopes.push({
-                           type: 'Feature',
-                           id: node.id + '-nope',
-                           properties: {
-                               nope: true,
-                               target: true,
-                               entity: node
-                           },
-                           geometry: node.asGeoJSON()
-                       });
-                   }
-               });
+           if (fullRedraw) {
+             _currPersistent = {};
+             _radii = {};
+           } // Collect important vertices from the `entities` list..
+           // (during a partial redraw, it will not contain everything)
 
-               // Targets allow hover and vertex snapping
-               var targets = selection.selectAll('.vertex.target-allowed')
-                   .filter(function(d) { return filter(d.properties.entity); })
-                   .data(data.targets, function key(d) { return d.id; });
-
-               // exit
-               targets.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter/update
-               targets.enter()
-                   .append('circle')
-                   .attr('r', function(d) {
-                       return _radii[d.id]
-                         || radiuses.shadow[3];
-                   })
-                   .merge(targets)
-                   .attr('class', function(d) {
-                       return 'node vertex target target-allowed '
-                       + targetClass + d.id;
-                   })
-                   .attr('transform', getTransform);
-
-
-               // NOPE
-               var nopes = selection.selectAll('.vertex.target-nope')
-                   .filter(function(d) { return filter(d.properties.entity); })
-                   .data(data.nopes, function key(d) { return d.id; });
-
-               // exit
-               nopes.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter/update
-               nopes.enter()
-                   .append('circle')
-                   .attr('r', function(d) { return (_radii[d.properties.entity.id] || radiuses.shadow[3]); })
-                   .merge(nopes)
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'node vertex target target-nope ' + nopeClass + d.id; })
-                   .attr('transform', getTransform);
-           }
-
-
-           // Points can also render as vertices:
-           // 1. in wireframe mode or
-           // 2. at higher zooms if they have a direction
-           function renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom) {
-               var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
-               return geometry === 'vertex' || (geometry === 'point' && (
-                   wireframe || (zoom >= 18 && entity.directions(graph, projection).length)
-               ));
-           }
-
-
-           function isEditedNode(node, base, head) {
-               var baseNode = base.entities[node.id];
-               var headNode = head.entities[node.id];
-               return !headNode ||
-                   !baseNode ||
-                   !fastDeepEqual(headNode.tags, baseNode.tags) ||
-                   !fastDeepEqual(headNode.loc, baseNode.loc);
-           }
-
-
-           function getSiblingAndChildVertices(ids, graph, wireframe, zoom) {
-               var results = {};
-
-               var seenIds = {};
-
-               function addChildVertices(entity) {
-
-                   // avoid redunant work and infinite recursion of circular relations
-                   if (seenIds[entity.id]) return;
-                   seenIds[entity.id] = true;
-
-                   var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
-                   if (!context.features().isHiddenFeature(entity, graph, geometry)) {
-                       var i;
-                       if (entity.type === 'way') {
-                           for (i = 0; i < entity.nodes.length; i++) {
-                               var child = graph.hasEntity(entity.nodes[i]);
-                               if (child) {
-                                   addChildVertices(child);
-                               }
-                           }
-                       } else if (entity.type === 'relation') {
-                           for (i = 0; i < entity.members.length; i++) {
-                               var member = graph.hasEntity(entity.members[i].id);
-                               if (member) {
-                                   addChildVertices(member);
-                               }
-                           }
-                       } else if (renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
-                           results[entity.id] = entity;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
 
-               ids.forEach(function(id) {
-                   var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
-                   if (!entity) return;
+           for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+             var entity = entities[i];
+             var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+             var keep = false; // a point that looks like a vertex..
 
-                   if (entity.type === 'node') {
-                       if (renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
-                           results[entity.id] = entity;
-                           graph.parentWays(entity).forEach(function(entity) {
-                               addChildVertices(entity);
-                           });
-                       }
-                   } else {  // way, relation
-                       addChildVertices(entity);
-                   }
-               });
+             if (geometry === 'point' && renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
+               _currPersistent[entity.id] = entity;
+               keep = true; // a vertex of some importance..
+             } else if (geometry === 'vertex' && (entity.hasInterestingTags() || entity.isEndpoint(graph) || entity.isConnected(graph) || visualDiff && isEditedNode(entity, base, graph))) {
+               _currPersistent[entity.id] = entity;
+               keep = true;
+             } // whatever this is, it's not a persistent vertex..
 
-               return results;
-           }
 
+             if (!keep && !fullRedraw) {
+               delete _currPersistent[entity.id];
+             }
+           } // 3 sets of vertices to consider:
 
-           function drawVertices(selection, graph, entities, filter, extent, fullRedraw) {
-               var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
-               var visualDiff = context.surface().classed('highlight-edited');
-               var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
-               var mode = context.mode();
-               var isMoving = mode && /^(add|draw|drag|move|rotate)/.test(mode.id);
-               var base = context.history().base();
-
-               var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.vertices');
-               var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.points');
-
-               if (fullRedraw) {
-                   _currPersistent = {};
-                   _radii = {};
-               }
-
-               // Collect important vertices from the `entities` list..
-               // (during a paritial redraw, it will not contain everything)
-               for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
-                   var entity = entities[i];
-                   var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
-                   var keep = false;
-
-                   // a point that looks like a vertex..
-                   if ((geometry === 'point') && renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
-                       _currPersistent[entity.id] = entity;
-                       keep = true;
-
-                   // a vertex of some importance..
-                   } else if (geometry === 'vertex' &&
-                       (entity.hasInterestingTags() || entity.isEndpoint(graph) || entity.isConnected(graph)
-                       || (visualDiff && isEditedNode(entity, base, graph)))) {
-                       _currPersistent[entity.id] = entity;
-                       keep = true;
-                   }
 
-                   // whatever this is, it's not a persistent vertex..
-                   if (!keep && !fullRedraw) {
-                       delete _currPersistent[entity.id];
-                   }
-               }
+           var sets = {
+             persistent: _currPersistent,
+             // persistent = important vertices (render always)
+             selected: _currSelected,
+             // selected + siblings of selected (render always)
+             hovered: _currHover // hovered + siblings of hovered (render only in draw modes)
 
-               // 3 sets of vertices to consider:
-               var sets = {
-                   persistent: _currPersistent,  // persistent = important vertices (render always)
-                   selected: _currSelected,      // selected + siblings of selected (render always)
-                   hovered: _currHover           // hovered + siblings of hovered (render only in draw modes)
-               };
+           };
+           var all = Object.assign({}, isMoving ? _currHover : {}, _currSelected, _currPersistent); // Draw the vertices..
+           // The filter function controls the scope of what objects d3 will touch (exit/enter/update)
+           // Adjust the filter function to expand the scope beyond whatever entities were passed in.
 
-               var all = Object.assign({}, (isMoving ? _currHover : {}), _currSelected, _currPersistent);
+           var filterRendered = function filterRendered(d) {
+             return d.id in _currPersistent || d.id in _currSelected || d.id in _currHover || filter(d);
+           };
 
-               // Draw the vertices..
-               // The filter function controls the scope of what objects d3 will touch (exit/enter/update)
-               // Adjust the filter function to expand the scope beyond whatever entities were passed in.
-               var filterRendered = function(d) {
-                   return d.id in _currPersistent || d.id in _currSelected || d.id in _currHover || filter(d);
-               };
-               drawLayer
-                   .call(draw, graph, currentVisible(all), sets, filterRendered);
+           drawLayer.call(draw, graph, currentVisible(all), sets, filterRendered); // Draw touch targets..
+           // When drawing, render all targets (not just those affected by a partial redraw)
 
-               // Draw touch targets..
-               // When drawing, render all targets (not just those affected by a partial redraw)
-               var filterTouch = function(d) {
-                   return isMoving ? true : filterRendered(d);
-               };
-               touchLayer
-                   .call(drawTargets, graph, currentVisible(all), filterTouch);
+           var filterTouch = function filterTouch(d) {
+             return isMoving ? true : filterRendered(d);
+           };
 
+           touchLayer.call(drawTargets, graph, currentVisible(all), filterTouch);
 
-               function currentVisible(which) {
-                   return Object.keys(which)
-                       .map(graph.hasEntity, graph)     // the current version of this entity
-                       .filter(function (entity) { return entity && entity.intersects(extent, graph); });
-               }
+           function currentVisible(which) {
+             return Object.keys(which).map(graph.hasEntity, graph) // the current version of this entity
+             .filter(function (entity) {
+               return entity && entity.intersects(extent, graph);
+             });
            }
+         } // partial redraw - only update the selected items..
 
 
-           // partial redraw - only update the selected items..
-           drawVertices.drawSelected = function(selection, graph, extent) {
-               var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
-               var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+         drawVertices.drawSelected = function (selection, graph, extent) {
+           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
+           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+           _prevSelected = _currSelected || {};
 
-               _prevSelected = _currSelected || {};
-               if (context.map().isInWideSelection()) {
-                   _currSelected = {};
-                   context.selectedIDs().forEach(function(id) {
-                       var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
-                       if (!entity) return;
-
-                       if (entity.type === 'node') {
-                           if (renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
-                               _currSelected[entity.id] = entity;
-                           }
-                       }
-                   });
+           if (context.map().isInWideSelection()) {
+             _currSelected = {};
+             context.selectedIDs().forEach(function (id) {
+               var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
+               if (!entity) return;
 
-               } else {
-                   _currSelected = getSiblingAndChildVertices(context.selectedIDs(), graph, wireframe, zoom);
+               if (entity.type === 'node') {
+                 if (renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
+                   _currSelected[entity.id] = entity;
+                 }
                }
+             });
+           } else {
+             _currSelected = getSiblingAndChildVertices(context.selectedIDs(), graph, wireframe, zoom);
+           } // note that drawVertices will add `_currSelected` automatically if needed..
+
 
-               // note that drawVertices will add `_currSelected` automatically if needed..
-               var filter = function(d) { return d.id in _prevSelected; };
-               drawVertices(selection, graph, Object.values(_prevSelected), filter, extent, false);
+           var filter = function filter(d) {
+             return d.id in _prevSelected;
            };
 
+           drawVertices(selection, graph, Object.values(_prevSelected), filter, extent, false);
+         }; // partial redraw - only update the hovered items..
 
-           // partial redraw - only update the hovered items..
-           drawVertices.drawHover = function(selection, graph, target, extent) {
-               if (target === _currHoverTarget) return;  // continue only if something changed
 
-               var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
-               var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+         drawVertices.drawHover = function (selection, graph, target, extent) {
+           if (target === _currHoverTarget) return; // continue only if something changed
 
-               _prevHover = _currHover || {};
-               _currHoverTarget = target;
-               var entity = target && target.properties && target.properties.entity;
+           var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
+           var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+           _prevHover = _currHover || {};
+           _currHoverTarget = target;
+           var entity = target && target.properties && target.properties.entity;
 
-               if (entity) {
-                   _currHover = getSiblingAndChildVertices([entity.id], graph, wireframe, zoom);
-               } else {
-                   _currHover = {};
-               }
+           if (entity) {
+             _currHover = getSiblingAndChildVertices([entity.id], graph, wireframe, zoom);
+           } else {
+             _currHover = {};
+           } // note that drawVertices will add `_currHover` automatically if needed..
 
-               // note that drawVertices will add `_currHover` automatically if needed..
-               var filter = function(d) { return d.id in _prevHover; };
-               drawVertices(selection, graph, Object.values(_prevHover), filter, extent, false);
+
+           var filter = function filter(d) {
+             return d.id in _prevHover;
            };
 
-           return drawVertices;
+           drawVertices(selection, graph, Object.values(_prevHover), filter, extent, false);
+         };
+
+         return drawVertices;
        }
 
        function utilBindOnce(target, type, listener, capture) {
-           var typeOnce = type + '.once';
-           function one() {
-               target.on(typeOnce, null);
-               listener.apply(this, arguments);
-           }
-           target.on(typeOnce, one, capture);
-           return this;
-       }
+         var typeOnce = type + '.once';
 
-       // Adapted from d3-zoom to handle pointer events.
+         function one() {
+           target.on(typeOnce, null);
+           listener.apply(this, arguments);
+         }
 
-       // Ignore right-click, since that should open the context menu.
-       function defaultFilter$2() {
-         return !event.ctrlKey && !event.button;
+         target.on(typeOnce, one, capture);
+         return this;
        }
 
-       function defaultExtent$1() {
+       function defaultFilter(d3_event) {
+         return !d3_event.ctrlKey && !d3_event.button;
+       }
+
+       function defaultExtent() {
          var e = this;
+
          if (e instanceof SVGElement) {
            e = e.ownerSVGElement || e;
+
            if (e.hasAttribute('viewBox')) {
              e = e.viewBox.baseVal;
              return [[e.x, e.y], [e.x + e.width, e.y + e.height]];
            }
+
            return [[0, 0], [e.width.baseVal.value, e.height.baseVal.value]];
          }
+
          return [[0, 0], [e.clientWidth, e.clientHeight]];
        }
 
-       function defaultWheelDelta$1() {
-         return -event.deltaY * (event.deltaMode === 1 ? 0.05 : event.deltaMode ? 1 : 0.002);
+       function defaultWheelDelta(d3_event) {
+         return -d3_event.deltaY * (d3_event.deltaMode === 1 ? 0.05 : d3_event.deltaMode ? 1 : 0.002);
        }
 
-       function defaultConstrain$1(transform, extent, translateExtent) {
+       function defaultConstrain(transform, extent, translateExtent) {
          var dx0 = transform.invertX(extent[0][0]) - translateExtent[0][0],
              dx1 = transform.invertX(extent[1][0]) - translateExtent[1][0],
              dy0 = transform.invertY(extent[0][1]) - translateExtent[0][1],
              dy1 = transform.invertY(extent[1][1]) - translateExtent[1][1];
-         return transform.translate(
-           dx1 > dx0 ? (dx0 + dx1) / 2 : Math.min(0, dx0) || Math.max(0, dx1),
-           dy1 > dy0 ? (dy0 + dy1) / 2 : Math.min(0, dy0) || Math.max(0, dy1)
-         );
+         return transform.translate(dx1 > dx0 ? (dx0 + dx1) / 2 : Math.min(0, dx0) || Math.max(0, dx1), dy1 > dy0 ? (dy0 + dy1) / 2 : Math.min(0, dy0) || Math.max(0, dy1));
        }
 
        function utilZoomPan() {
-         var filter = defaultFilter$2,
-             extent = defaultExtent$1,
-             constrain = defaultConstrain$1,
-             wheelDelta = defaultWheelDelta$1,
+         var filter = defaultFilter,
+             extent = defaultExtent,
+             constrain = defaultConstrain,
+             wheelDelta = defaultWheelDelta,
              scaleExtent = [0, Infinity],
              translateExtent = [[-Infinity, -Infinity], [Infinity, Infinity]],
              interpolate = interpolateZoom,
-             listeners = dispatch('start', 'zoom', 'end'),
+             dispatch = dispatch$8('start', 'zoom', 'end'),
              _wheelDelay = 150,
              _transform = identity$2,
              _activeGesture;
 
          function zoom(selection) {
-           selection
-               .on('pointerdown.zoom', pointerdown)
-               .on('wheel.zoom', wheeled)
-               .style('touch-action', 'none')
-               .style('-webkit-tap-highlight-color', 'rgba(0,0,0,0)');
-
-           select(window)
-               .on('pointermove.zoompan', pointermove)
-               .on('pointerup.zoompan pointercancel.zoompan', pointerup);
+           selection.on('pointerdown.zoom', pointerdown).on('wheel.zoom', wheeled).style('touch-action', 'none').style('-webkit-tap-highlight-color', 'rgba(0,0,0,0)');
+           select(window).on('pointermove.zoompan', pointermove).on('pointerup.zoompan pointercancel.zoompan', pointerup);
          }
 
-         zoom.transform = function(collection, transform, point) {
+         zoom.transform = function (collection, transform, point) {
            var selection = collection.selection ? collection.selection() : collection;
+
            if (collection !== selection) {
              schedule(collection, transform, point);
            } else {
-             selection.interrupt().each(function() {
-               gesture(this, arguments)
-                   .start()
-                   .zoom(null, typeof transform === 'function' ? transform.apply(this, arguments) : transform)
-                   .end();
+             selection.interrupt().each(function () {
+               gesture(this, arguments).start(null).zoom(null, null, typeof transform === 'function' ? transform.apply(this, arguments) : transform).end(null);
              });
            }
          };
 
-         zoom.scaleBy = function(selection, k, p) {
-           zoom.scaleTo(selection, function() {
+         zoom.scaleBy = function (selection, k, p) {
+           zoom.scaleTo(selection, function () {
              var k0 = _transform.k,
                  k1 = typeof k === 'function' ? k.apply(this, arguments) : k;
              return k0 * k1;
            }, p);
          };
 
-         zoom.scaleTo = function(selection, k, p) {
-           zoom.transform(selection, function() {
+         zoom.scaleTo = function (selection, k, p) {
+           zoom.transform(selection, function () {
              var e = extent.apply(this, arguments),
                  t0 = _transform,
-                 p0 = p == null ? centroid(e) : typeof p === 'function' ? p.apply(this, arguments) : p,
+                 p0 = !p ? centroid(e) : typeof p === 'function' ? p.apply(this, arguments) : p,
                  p1 = t0.invert(p0),
                  k1 = typeof k === 'function' ? k.apply(this, arguments) : k;
              return constrain(translate(scale(t0, k1), p0, p1), e, translateExtent);
            }, p);
          };
 
-         zoom.translateBy = function(selection, x, y) {
-           zoom.transform(selection, function() {
-             return constrain(_transform.translate(
-               typeof x === 'function' ? x.apply(this, arguments) : x,
-               typeof y === 'function' ? y.apply(this, arguments) : y
-             ), extent.apply(this, arguments), translateExtent);
+         zoom.translateBy = function (selection, x, y) {
+           zoom.transform(selection, function () {
+             return constrain(_transform.translate(typeof x === 'function' ? x.apply(this, arguments) : x, typeof y === 'function' ? y.apply(this, arguments) : y), extent.apply(this, arguments), translateExtent);
            });
          };
 
-         zoom.translateTo = function(selection, x, y, p) {
-           zoom.transform(selection, function() {
+         zoom.translateTo = function (selection, x, y, p) {
+           zoom.transform(selection, function () {
              var e = extent.apply(this, arguments),
                  t = _transform,
-                 p0 = p == null ? centroid(e) : typeof p === 'function' ? p.apply(this, arguments) : p;
-             return constrain(identity$2.translate(p0[0], p0[1]).scale(t.k).translate(
-               typeof x === 'function' ? -x.apply(this, arguments) : -x,
-               typeof y === 'function' ? -y.apply(this, arguments) : -y
-             ), e, translateExtent);
+                 p0 = !p ? centroid(e) : typeof p === 'function' ? p.apply(this, arguments) : p;
+             return constrain(identity$2.translate(p0[0], p0[1]).scale(t.k).translate(typeof x === 'function' ? -x.apply(this, arguments) : -x, typeof y === 'function' ? -y.apply(this, arguments) : -y), e, translateExtent);
            }, p);
          };
 
          }
 
          function translate(transform, p0, p1) {
-           var x = p0[0] - p1[0] * transform.k, y = p0[1] - p1[1] * transform.k;
+           var x = p0[0] - p1[0] * transform.k,
+               y = p0[1] - p1[1] * transform.k;
            return x === transform.x && y === transform.y ? transform : new Transform(transform.k, x, y);
          }
 
          }
 
          function schedule(transition, transform, point) {
-           transition
-               .on('start.zoom', function() { gesture(this, arguments).start(); })
-               .on('interrupt.zoom end.zoom', function() { gesture(this, arguments).end(); })
-               .tween('zoom', function() {
-                 var that = this,
-                     args = arguments,
-                     g = gesture(that, args),
-                     e = extent.apply(that, args),
-                     p = point == null ? centroid(e) : typeof point === 'function' ? point.apply(that, args) : point,
-                     w = Math.max(e[1][0] - e[0][0], e[1][1] - e[0][1]),
-                     a = _transform,
-                     b = typeof transform === 'function' ? transform.apply(that, args) : transform,
-                     i = interpolate(a.invert(p).concat(w / a.k), b.invert(p).concat(w / b.k));
-                 return function(t) {
-                   if (t === 1) t = b; // Avoid rounding error on end.
-                   else { var l = i(t), k = w / l[2]; t = new Transform(k, p[0] - l[0] * k, p[1] - l[1] * k); }
-                   g.zoom(null, t);
-                 };
-               });
+           transition.on('start.zoom', function () {
+             gesture(this, arguments).start(null);
+           }).on('interrupt.zoom end.zoom', function () {
+             gesture(this, arguments).end(null);
+           }).tween('zoom', function () {
+             var that = this,
+                 args = arguments,
+                 g = gesture(that, args),
+                 e = extent.apply(that, args),
+                 p = !point ? centroid(e) : typeof point === 'function' ? point.apply(that, args) : point,
+                 w = Math.max(e[1][0] - e[0][0], e[1][1] - e[0][1]),
+                 a = _transform,
+                 b = typeof transform === 'function' ? transform.apply(that, args) : transform,
+                 i = interpolate(a.invert(p).concat(w / a.k), b.invert(p).concat(w / b.k));
+             return function (t) {
+               if (t === 1) {
+                 // Avoid rounding error on end.
+                 t = b;
+               } else {
+                 var l = i(t);
+                 var k = w / l[2];
+                 t = new Transform(k, p[0] - l[0] * k, p[1] - l[1] * k);
+               }
+
+               g.zoom(null, null, t);
+             };
+           });
          }
 
          function gesture(that, args, clean) {
-           return (!clean && _activeGesture) || new Gesture(that, args);
+           return !clean && _activeGesture || new Gesture(that, args);
          }
 
          function Gesture(that, args) {
          }
 
          Gesture.prototype = {
-           start: function() {
+           start: function start(d3_event) {
              if (++this.active === 1) {
                _activeGesture = this;
-               this.emit('start');
-             }
-             return this;
-           },
-           zoom: function(key, transform) {
-             if (this.mouse && key !== 'mouse') this.mouse[1] = transform.invert(this.mouse[0]);
-             if (this.pointer0 && key !== 'touch') this.pointer0[1] = transform.invert(this.pointer0[0]);
-             if (this.pointer1 && key !== 'touch') this.pointer1[1] = transform.invert(this.pointer1[0]);
-             _transform = transform;
-             this.emit('zoom');
-             return this;
-           },
-           end: function() {
-             if (--this.active === 0) {
-               _activeGesture = null;
-               this.emit('end');
-             }
-             return this;
-           },
-           emit: function(type) {
-             customEvent(new ZoomEvent(zoom, type, _transform), listeners.apply, listeners, [type, this.that, this.args]);
-           }
-         };
-
-         function wheeled() {
-           if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
-           var g = gesture(this, arguments),
-               t = _transform,
-               k = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], t.k * Math.pow(2, wheelDelta.apply(this, arguments)))),
-               p = utilFastMouse(this)(event);
-
-           // If the mouse is in the same location as before, reuse it.
-           // If there were recent wheel events, reset the wheel idle timeout.
-           if (g.wheel) {
-             if (g.mouse[0][0] !== p[0] || g.mouse[0][1] !== p[1]) {
-               g.mouse[1] = t.invert(g.mouse[0] = p);
+               dispatch.call('start', this, d3_event);
              }
-             clearTimeout(g.wheel);
-
-           // Otherwise, capture the mouse point and location at the start.
-           } else {
-             g.mouse = [p, t.invert(p)];
-             interrupt(this);
-             g.start();
-           }
-
-           event.preventDefault();
-           event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-           g.wheel = setTimeout(wheelidled, _wheelDelay);
-           g.zoom('mouse', constrain(translate(scale(t, k), g.mouse[0], g.mouse[1]), g.extent, translateExtent));
-
-           function wheelidled() {
-             g.wheel = null;
-             g.end();
-           }
-         }
-
-         var _downPointerIDs = new Set();
-         var _pointerLocGetter;
-
-         function pointerdown() {
-           _downPointerIDs.add(event.pointerId);
-
-           if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
-
-           var g = gesture(this, arguments, _downPointerIDs.size === 1);
-           var started;
-
-           event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-           _pointerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(this);
-           var loc = _pointerLocGetter(event);
-           var p = [loc, _transform.invert(loc), event.pointerId];
-           if (!g.pointer0) {
-              g.pointer0 = p;
-              started = true;
-
-           } else if (!g.pointer1 && g.pointer0[2] !== p[2]) {
-              g.pointer1 = p;
-           }
-
-           if (started) {
-             interrupt(this);
-             g.start();
-           }
-         }
-
-         function pointermove() {
-           if (!_downPointerIDs.has(event.pointerId)) return;
-
-           if (!_activeGesture || !_pointerLocGetter) return;
-
-           var g = gesture(this, arguments);
-
-           var isPointer0 = g.pointer0 && g.pointer0[2] === event.pointerId;
-           var isPointer1 = !isPointer0 && g.pointer1 && g.pointer1[2] === event.pointerId;
-
-           if ((isPointer0 || isPointer1) && 'buttons' in event && !event.buttons) {
-             // The pointer went up without ending the gesture somehow, e.g.
-             // a down mouse was moved off the map and released. End it here.
-             if (g.pointer0) _downPointerIDs.delete(g.pointer0[2]);
-             if (g.pointer1) _downPointerIDs.delete(g.pointer1[2]);
-             g.end();
-             return;
-           }
-
-           event.preventDefault();
-           event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-
-           var loc = _pointerLocGetter(event);
-           var t, p, l;
-
-           if (isPointer0) g.pointer0[0] = loc;
-           else if (isPointer1) g.pointer1[0] = loc;
-
-           t = _transform;
-           if (g.pointer1) {
-             var p0 = g.pointer0[0], l0 = g.pointer0[1],
-                 p1 = g.pointer1[0], l1 = g.pointer1[1],
-                 dp = (dp = p1[0] - p0[0]) * dp + (dp = p1[1] - p0[1]) * dp,
-                 dl = (dl = l1[0] - l0[0]) * dl + (dl = l1[1] - l0[1]) * dl;
-             t = scale(t, Math.sqrt(dp / dl));
-             p = [(p0[0] + p1[0]) / 2, (p0[1] + p1[1]) / 2];
-             l = [(l0[0] + l1[0]) / 2, (l0[1] + l1[1]) / 2];
-           } else if (g.pointer0) {
-             p = g.pointer0[0];
-             l = g.pointer0[1];
-           }
-           else return;
-           g.zoom('touch', constrain(translate(t, p, l), g.extent, translateExtent));
-         }
-
-         function pointerup() {
-           if (!_downPointerIDs.has(event.pointerId)) return;
-
-           _downPointerIDs.delete(event.pointerId);
-
-           if (!_activeGesture) return;
-
-           var g = gesture(this, arguments);
-
-           event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-
-           if (g.pointer0 && g.pointer0[2] === event.pointerId) delete g.pointer0;
-           else if (g.pointer1 && g.pointer1[2] === event.pointerId) delete g.pointer1;
-
-           if (g.pointer1 && !g.pointer0) {
-             g.pointer0 = g.pointer1;
-             delete g.pointer1;
-           }
-           if (g.pointer0) g.pointer0[1] = _transform.invert(g.pointer0[0]);
-           else {
-             g.end();
-           }
-         }
-
-         zoom.wheelDelta = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (wheelDelta = utilFunctor(+_), zoom) : wheelDelta;
-         };
-
-         zoom.filter = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (filter = utilFunctor(!!_), zoom) : filter;
-         };
-
-         zoom.extent = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (extent = utilFunctor([[+_[0][0], +_[0][1]], [+_[1][0], +_[1][1]]]), zoom) : extent;
-         };
-
-         zoom.scaleExtent = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (scaleExtent[0] = +_[0], scaleExtent[1] = +_[1], zoom) : [scaleExtent[0], scaleExtent[1]];
-         };
-
-         zoom.translateExtent = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (translateExtent[0][0] = +_[0][0], translateExtent[1][0] = +_[1][0], translateExtent[0][1] = +_[0][1], translateExtent[1][1] = +_[1][1], zoom) : [[translateExtent[0][0], translateExtent[0][1]], [translateExtent[1][0], translateExtent[1][1]]];
-         };
-
-         zoom.constrain = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (constrain = _, zoom) : constrain;
-         };
-
-         zoom.interpolate = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (interpolate = _, zoom) : interpolate;
-         };
-
-         zoom._transform = function(_) {
-           return arguments.length ? (_transform = _, zoom) : _transform;
-         };
-
-         zoom.on = function() {
-           var value = listeners.on.apply(listeners, arguments);
-           return value === listeners ? zoom : value;
-         };
-
-         return zoom;
-       }
-
-       // A custom double-click / double-tap event detector that works on touch devices
-       // if pointer events are supported. Falls back to default `dblclick` event.
-       function utilDoubleUp() {
-
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('doubleUp');
-
-           var _maxTimespan = 500; // milliseconds
-           var _maxDistance = 20; // web pixels; be somewhat generous to account for touch devices
-           var _pointer; // object representing the pointer that could trigger double up
-
-           function pointerIsValidFor(loc) {
-               // second pointerup must occur within a small timeframe after the first pointerdown
-               return new Date().getTime() - _pointer.startTime <= _maxTimespan &&
-                   // all pointer events must occur within a small distance of the first pointerdown
-                   geoVecLength(_pointer.startLoc, loc) <= _maxDistance;
-           }
-
-           function pointerdown() {
-
-               // ignore right-click
-               if (event.ctrlKey || event.button === 2) return;
-
-               var loc = [event.clientX, event.clientY];
-
-               // Don't rely on pointerId here since it can change between pointerdown
-               // events on touch devices
-               if (_pointer && !pointerIsValidFor(loc)) {
-                   // if this pointer is no longer valid, clear it so another can be started
-                   _pointer = undefined;
-               }
-
-               if (!_pointer) {
-                   _pointer = {
-                       startLoc: loc,
-                       startTime: new Date().getTime(),
-                       upCount: 0,
-                       pointerId: event.pointerId
-                   };
-               } else { // double down
-                   _pointer.pointerId = event.pointerId;
-               }
-           }
-
-           function pointerup() {
-
-               // ignore right-click
-               if (event.ctrlKey || event.button === 2) return;
-
-               if (!_pointer || _pointer.pointerId !== event.pointerId) return;
-
-               _pointer.upCount += 1;
-
-               if (_pointer.upCount === 2) { // double up!
-                   var loc = [event.clientX, event.clientY];
-                   if (pointerIsValidFor(loc)) {
-                       var locInThis = utilFastMouse(this)(event);
-                       dispatch$1.call('doubleUp', this, locInThis);
-                   }
-                   // clear the pointer info in any case
-                   _pointer = undefined;
-               }
-           }
-
-           function doubleUp(selection) {
-               if ('PointerEvent' in window) {
-                   // dblclick isn't well supported on touch devices so manually use
-                   // pointer events if they're available
-                   selection
-                       .on('pointerdown.doubleUp', pointerdown)
-                       .on('pointerup.doubleUp', pointerup);
-               } else {
-                   // fallback to dblclick
-                   selection
-                       .on('dblclick.doubleUp', function() {
-                           dispatch$1.call('doubleUp', this, utilFastMouse(this)(event));
-                       });
-               }
-           }
-
-           doubleUp.off = function(selection) {
-               selection
-                   .on('pointerdown.doubleUp', null)
-                   .on('pointerup.doubleUp', null)
-                   .on('dblclick.doubleUp', null);
-           };
-
-           return utilRebind(doubleUp, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
-
-       // constants
-       var TILESIZE = 256;
-       var minZoom = 2;
-       var maxZoom = 24;
-       var kMin = geoZoomToScale(minZoom, TILESIZE);
-       var kMax = geoZoomToScale(maxZoom, TILESIZE);
-
-       function clamp(num, min, max) {
-           return Math.max(min, Math.min(num, max));
-       }
-
-
-       function rendererMap(context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch(
-               'move', 'drawn',
-               'crossEditableZoom', 'hitMinZoom',
-               'changeHighlighting', 'changeAreaFill'
-           );
-           var projection = context.projection;
-           var curtainProjection = context.curtainProjection;
-           var drawLayers;
-           var drawPoints;
-           var drawVertices;
-           var drawLines;
-           var drawAreas;
-           var drawMidpoints;
-           var drawLabels;
-
-           var _selection = select(null);
-           var supersurface = select(null);
-           var wrapper = select(null);
-           var surface = select(null);
-
-           var _dimensions = [1, 1];
-           var _dblClickZoomEnabled = true;
-           var _redrawEnabled = true;
-           var _gestureTransformStart;
-           var _transformStart = projection.transform();
-           var _transformLast;
-           var _isTransformed = false;
-           var _minzoom = 0;
-           var _getMouseCoords;
-           var _lastPointerEvent;
-           var _lastWithinEditableZoom;
-
-           // whether a pointerdown event started the zoom
-           var _pointerDown = false;
-
-           // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
-           var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
-
-           // use pointer event interaction if supported; fallback to touch/mouse events in d3-zoom
-           var _zoomerPannerFunction = 'PointerEvent' in window ? utilZoomPan : d3_zoom;
-
-           var _zoomerPanner = _zoomerPannerFunction()
-               .scaleExtent([kMin, kMax])
-               .interpolate(interpolate)
-               .filter(zoomEventFilter)
-               .on('zoom.map', zoomPan)
-               .on('start.map', function() {
-                   _pointerDown = event.sourceEvent && event.sourceEvent.type === 'pointerdown';
-               })
-               .on('end.map', function() {
-                   _pointerDown = false;
-               });
-           var _doubleUpHandler = utilDoubleUp();
-
-           var scheduleRedraw = throttle(redraw, 750);
-           // var isRedrawScheduled = false;
-           // var pendingRedrawCall;
-           // function scheduleRedraw() {
-           //     // Only schedule the redraw if one has not already been set.
-           //     if (isRedrawScheduled) return;
-           //     isRedrawScheduled = true;
-           //     var that = this;
-           //     var args = arguments;
-           //     pendingRedrawCall = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
-           //         // Reset the boolean so future redraws can be set.
-           //         isRedrawScheduled = false;
-           //         redraw.apply(that, args);
-           //     }, { timeout: 1400 });
-           // }
-
-           function cancelPendingRedraw() {
-               scheduleRedraw.cancel();
-               // isRedrawScheduled = false;
-               // window.cancelIdleCallback(pendingRedrawCall);
-           }
-
-
-           function map(selection) {
-               _selection = selection;
-
-               context
-                   .on('change.map', immediateRedraw);
-
-               var osm = context.connection();
-               if (osm) {
-                   osm.on('change.map', immediateRedraw);
-               }
-
-               function didUndoOrRedo(targetTransform) {
-                   var mode = context.mode().id;
-                   if (mode !== 'browse' && mode !== 'select') return;
-                   if (targetTransform) {
-                       map.transformEase(targetTransform);
-                   }
-               }
-
-               context.history()
-                   .on('merge.map', function() { scheduleRedraw(); })
-                   .on('change.map', immediateRedraw)
-                   .on('undone.map', function(stack, fromStack) {
-                       didUndoOrRedo(fromStack.transform);
-                   })
-                   .on('redone.map', function(stack) {
-                       didUndoOrRedo(stack.transform);
-                   });
-
-               context.background()
-                   .on('change.map', immediateRedraw);
-
-               context.features()
-                   .on('redraw.map', immediateRedraw);
-
-               drawLayers
-                   .on('change.map', function() {
-                       context.background().updateImagery();
-                       immediateRedraw();
-                   });
-
-               selection
-                   .on('wheel.map mousewheel.map', function() {
-                       // disable swipe-to-navigate browser pages on trackpad/magic mouse – #5552
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                   })
-                   .call(_zoomerPanner)
-                   .call(_zoomerPanner.transform, projection.transform())
-                   .on('dblclick.zoom', null); // override d3-zoom dblclick handling
-
-               map.supersurface = supersurface = selection.append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'supersurface')
-                   .call(utilSetTransform, 0, 0);
-
-               // Need a wrapper div because Opera can't cope with an absolutely positioned
-               // SVG element: http://bl.ocks.org/jfirebaugh/6fbfbd922552bf776c16
-               wrapper = supersurface
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer layer-data');
-
-               map.surface = surface = wrapper
-                   .call(drawLayers)
-                   .selectAll('.surface');
-
-               surface
-                   .call(drawLabels.observe)
-                   .call(_doubleUpHandler)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.zoom', function() {
-                       _lastPointerEvent = event;
-                       if (event.button === 2) {
-                           event.stopPropagation();
-                       }
-                   }, true)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.zoom', function() {
-                       _lastPointerEvent = event;
-                       if (resetTransform()) {
-                           immediateRedraw();
-                       }
-                   })
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.map', function() {
-                       _lastPointerEvent = event;
-                   })
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'over.vertices', function() {
-                       if (map.editableDataEnabled() && !_isTransformed) {
-                           var hover = event.target.__data__;
-                           surface.call(drawVertices.drawHover, context.graph(), hover, map.extent());
-                           dispatch$1.call('drawn', this, { full: false });
-                       }
-                   })
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'out.vertices', function() {
-                       if (map.editableDataEnabled() && !_isTransformed) {
-                           var hover = event.relatedTarget && event.relatedTarget.__data__;
-                           surface.call(drawVertices.drawHover, context.graph(), hover, map.extent());
-                           dispatch$1.call('drawn', this, { full: false });
-                       }
-                   });
-
-               var detected = utilDetect();
-
-               // only WebKit supports gesture events
-               if ('GestureEvent' in window &&
-                   // Listening for gesture events on iOS 13.4+ breaks double-tapping,
-                   // but we only need to do this on desktop Safari anyway. – #7694
-                   !detected.isMobileWebKit) {
-
-                   // Desktop Safari sends gesture events for multitouch trackpad pinches.
-                   // We can listen for these and translate them into map zooms.
-                   surface
-                       .on('gesturestart.surface', function() {
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                           _gestureTransformStart = projection.transform();
-                       })
-                       .on('gesturechange.surface', gestureChange);
-               }
-
-               // must call after surface init
-               updateAreaFill();
-
-               _doubleUpHandler.on('doubleUp.map', function(p0) {
-                   if (!_dblClickZoomEnabled) return;
-
-                   // don't zoom if targeting something other than the map itself
-                   if (typeof event.target.__data__ === 'object' &&
-                       // or area fills
-                       !select(event.target).classed('fill')) return;
-
-                   var zoomOut = event.shiftKey;
-
-                   var t = projection.transform();
-
-                   var p1 = t.invert(p0);
-
-                   t = t.scale(zoomOut ? 0.5 : 2);
-
-                   t.x = p0[0] - p1[0] * t.k;
-                   t.y = p0[1] - p1[1] * t.k;
-
-                   map.transformEase(t);
-               });
-
-               context.on('enter.map',  function() {
-                   if (!map.editableDataEnabled(true /* skip zoom check */)) return;
-
-                   // redraw immediately any objects affected by a change in selectedIDs.
-                   var graph = context.graph();
-                   var selectedAndParents = {};
-                   context.selectedIDs().forEach(function(id) {
-                       var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
-                       if (entity) {
-                           selectedAndParents[entity.id] = entity;
-                           if (entity.type === 'node') {
-                               graph.parentWays(entity).forEach(function(parent) {
-                                   selectedAndParents[parent.id] = parent;
-                               });
-                           }
-                       }
-                   });
-                   var data = Object.values(selectedAndParents);
-                   var filter = function(d) { return d.id in selectedAndParents; };
-
-                   data = context.features().filter(data, graph);
-
-                   surface
-                       .call(drawVertices.drawSelected, graph, map.extent())
-                       .call(drawLines, graph, data, filter)
-                       .call(drawAreas, graph, data, filter)
-                       .call(drawMidpoints, graph, data, filter, map.trimmedExtent());
-
-                   dispatch$1.call('drawn', this, { full: false });
-
-                   // redraw everything else later
-                   scheduleRedraw();
-               });
-
-               map.dimensions(utilGetDimensions(selection));
-           }
-
-
-           function zoomEventFilter() {
-               // Fix for #2151, (see also d3/d3-zoom#60, d3/d3-brush#18)
-               // Intercept `mousedown` and check if there is an orphaned zoom gesture.
-               // This can happen if a previous `mousedown` occurred without a `mouseup`.
-               // If we detect this, dispatch `mouseup` to complete the orphaned gesture,
-               // so that d3-zoom won't stop propagation of new `mousedown` events.
-               if (event.type === 'mousedown') {
-                   var hasOrphan = false;
-                   var listeners = window.__on;
-                   for (var i = 0; i < listeners.length; i++) {
-                       var listener = listeners[i];
-                       if (listener.name === 'zoom' && listener.type === 'mouseup') {
-                           hasOrphan = true;
-                           break;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   if (hasOrphan) {
-                       var event$1 = window.CustomEvent;
-                       if (event$1) {
-                           event$1 = new event$1('mouseup');
-                       } else {
-                           event$1 = window.document.createEvent('Event');
-                           event$1.initEvent('mouseup', false, false);
-                       }
-                       // Event needs to be dispatched with an event.view property.
-                       event$1.view = window;
-                       window.dispatchEvent(event$1);
-                   }
-               }
-
-               return event.button !== 2;   // ignore right clicks
-           }
-
-
-           function pxCenter() {
-               return [_dimensions[0] / 2, _dimensions[1] / 2];
-           }
-
-
-           function drawEditable(difference, extent) {
-               var mode = context.mode();
-               var graph = context.graph();
-               var features = context.features();
-               var all = context.history().intersects(map.extent());
-               var fullRedraw = false;
-               var data;
-               var set;
-               var filter;
-               var applyFeatureLayerFilters = true;
-
-               if (map.isInWideSelection()) {
-                   data = [];
-                   utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs(mode.selectedIDs(), context.graph()).forEach(function(id) {
-                       var entity = context.hasEntity(id);
-                       if (entity) data.push(entity);
-                   });
-                   fullRedraw = true;
-                   filter = utilFunctor(true);
-                   // selected features should always be visible, so we can skip filtering
-                   applyFeatureLayerFilters = false;
-
-               } else if (difference) {
-                   var complete = difference.complete(map.extent());
-                   data = Object.values(complete).filter(Boolean);
-                   set = new Set(Object.keys(complete));
-                   filter = function(d) { return set.has(d.id); };
-                   features.clear(data);
-
-               } else {
-                   // force a full redraw if gatherStats detects that a feature
-                   // should be auto-hidden (e.g. points or buildings)..
-                   if (features.gatherStats(all, graph, _dimensions)) {
-                       extent = undefined;
-                   }
-
-                   if (extent) {
-                       data = context.history().intersects(map.extent().intersection(extent));
-                       set = new Set(data.map(function(entity) { return entity.id; }));
-                       filter = function(d) { return set.has(d.id); };
-
-                   } else {
-                       data = all;
-                       fullRedraw = true;
-                       filter = utilFunctor(true);
-                   }
-               }
-
-               if (applyFeatureLayerFilters) {
-                   data = features.filter(data, graph);
-               } else {
-                   context.features().resetStats();
-               }
-
-               if (mode && mode.id === 'select') {
-                   // update selected vertices - the user might have just double-clicked a way,
-                   // creating a new vertex, triggering a partial redraw without a mode change
-                   surface.call(drawVertices.drawSelected, graph, map.extent());
-               }
-
-               surface
-                   .call(drawVertices, graph, data, filter, map.extent(), fullRedraw)
-                   .call(drawLines, graph, data, filter)
-                   .call(drawAreas, graph, data, filter)
-                   .call(drawMidpoints, graph, data, filter, map.trimmedExtent())
-                   .call(drawLabels, graph, data, filter, _dimensions, fullRedraw)
-                   .call(drawPoints, graph, data, filter);
-
-               dispatch$1.call('drawn', this, {full: true});
-           }
-
-           map.init = function() {
-               drawLayers = svgLayers(projection, context);
-               drawPoints = svgPoints(projection, context);
-               drawVertices = svgVertices(projection, context);
-               drawLines = svgLines(projection, context);
-               drawAreas = svgAreas(projection, context);
-               drawMidpoints = svgMidpoints(projection, context);
-               drawLabels = svgLabels(projection, context);
-           };
-
-           function editOff() {
-               context.features().resetStats();
-               surface.selectAll('.layer-osm *').remove();
-               surface.selectAll('.layer-touch:not(.markers) *').remove();
-
-               var allowed = {
-                   'browse': true,
-                   'save': true,
-                   'select-note': true,
-                   'select-data': true,
-                   'select-error': true
-               };
-
-               var mode = context.mode();
-               if (mode && !allowed[mode.id]) {
-                   context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               }
-
-               dispatch$1.call('drawn', this, {full: true});
-           }
-
-
-
-
-
-           function gestureChange() {
-               // Remap Safari gesture events to wheel events - #5492
-               // We want these disabled most places, but enabled for zoom/unzoom on map surface
-               // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/GestureEvent
-               var e = event;
-               e.preventDefault();
-
-               var props = {
-                   deltaMode: 0,    // dummy values to ignore in zoomPan
-                   deltaY: 1,       // dummy values to ignore in zoomPan
-                   clientX: e.clientX,
-                   clientY: e.clientY,
-                   screenX: e.screenX,
-                   screenY: e.screenY,
-                   x: e.x,
-                   y: e.y
-               };
-
-               var e2 = new WheelEvent('wheel', props);
-               e2._scale = e.scale;         // preserve the original scale
-               e2._rotation = e.rotation;   // preserve the original rotation
-
-               _selection.node().dispatchEvent(e2);
-           }
-
-
-           function zoomPan(manualEvent) {
-               var event$1 = (manualEvent || event);
-               var source = event$1.sourceEvent;
-               var eventTransform = event$1.transform;
-               var x = eventTransform.x;
-               var y = eventTransform.y;
-               var k = eventTransform.k;
-
-               // Special handling of 'wheel' events:
-               // They might be triggered by the user scrolling the mouse wheel,
-               // or 2-finger pinch/zoom gestures, the transform may need adjustment.
-               if (source && source.type === 'wheel') {
-
-                   // assume that the gesture is already handled by pointer events
-                   if (_pointerDown) return;
-
-                   var detected = utilDetect();
-                   var dX = source.deltaX;
-                   var dY = source.deltaY;
-                   var x2 = x;
-                   var y2 = y;
-                   var k2 = k;
-                   var t0, p0, p1;
-
-                   // Normalize mousewheel scroll speed (Firefox) - #3029
-                   // If wheel delta is provided in LINE units, recalculate it in PIXEL units
-                   // We are essentially redoing the calculations that occur here:
-                   //   https://github.com/d3/d3-zoom/blob/78563a8348aa4133b07cac92e2595c2227ca7cd7/src/zoom.js#L203
-                   // See this for more info:
-                   //   https://github.com/basilfx/normalize-wheel/blob/master/src/normalizeWheel.js
-                   if (source.deltaMode === 1 /* LINE */) {
-                       // Convert from lines to pixels, more if the user is scrolling fast.
-                       // (I made up the exp function to roughly match Firefox to what Chrome does)
-                       // These numbers should be floats, because integers are treated as pan gesture below.
-                       var lines = Math.abs(source.deltaY);
-                       var sign = (source.deltaY > 0) ? 1 : -1;
-                       dY = sign * clamp(
-                           Math.exp((lines - 1) * 0.75) * 4.000244140625,
-                           4.000244140625,    // min
-                           350.000244140625   // max
-                       );
-
-                       // On Firefox Windows and Linux we always get +/- the scroll line amount (default 3)
-                       // There doesn't seem to be any scroll accelleration.
-                       // This multiplier increases the speed a little bit - #5512
-                       if (detected.os !== 'mac') {
-                           dY *= 5;
-                       }
-
-                       // recalculate x2,y2,k2
-                       t0 = _isTransformed ? _transformLast : _transformStart;
-                       p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
-                       p1 = t0.invert(p0);
-                       k2 = t0.k * Math.pow(2, -dY / 500);
-                       k2 = clamp(k2, kMin, kMax);
-                       x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
-                       y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2;
-
-                   // 2 finger map pinch zooming (Safari) - #5492
-                   // These are fake `wheel` events we made from Safari `gesturechange` events..
-                   } else if (source._scale) {
-                       // recalculate x2,y2,k2
-                       t0 = _gestureTransformStart;
-                       p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
-                       p1 = t0.invert(p0);
-                       k2 = t0.k * source._scale;
-                       k2 = clamp(k2, kMin, kMax);
-                       x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
-                       y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2;
-
-                   // 2 finger map pinch zooming (all browsers except Safari) - #5492
-                   // Pinch zooming via the `wheel` event will always have:
-                   // - `ctrlKey = true`
-                   // - `deltaY` is not round integer pixels (ignore `deltaX`)
-                   } else if (source.ctrlKey && !isInteger(dY)) {
-                       dY *= 6;   // slightly scale up whatever the browser gave us
-
-                       // recalculate x2,y2,k2
-                       t0 = _isTransformed ? _transformLast : _transformStart;
-                       p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
-                       p1 = t0.invert(p0);
-                       k2 = t0.k * Math.pow(2, -dY / 500);
-                       k2 = clamp(k2, kMin, kMax);
-                       x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
-                       y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2;
-
-                   // Trackpad scroll zooming with shift or alt/option key down
-                   } else if ((source.altKey || source.shiftKey) && isInteger(dY)) {
-                       // recalculate x2,y2,k2
-                       t0 = _isTransformed ? _transformLast : _transformStart;
-                       p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
-                       p1 = t0.invert(p0);
-                       k2 = t0.k * Math.pow(2, -dY / 500);
-                       k2 = clamp(k2, kMin, kMax);
-                       x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
-                       y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2;
-
-                   // 2 finger map panning (Mac only, all browsers) - #5492, #5512
-                   // Panning via the `wheel` event will always have:
-                   // - `ctrlKey = false`
-                   // - `deltaX`,`deltaY` are round integer pixels
-                   } else if (detected.os === 'mac' && !source.ctrlKey && isInteger(dX) && isInteger(dY)) {
-                       p1 = projection.translate();
-                       x2 = p1[0] - dX;
-                       y2 = p1[1] - dY;
-                       k2 = projection.scale();
-                       k2 = clamp(k2, kMin, kMax);
-                   }
-
-                   // something changed - replace the event transform
-                   if (x2 !== x || y2 !== y || k2 !== k) {
-                       x = x2;
-                       y = y2;
-                       k = k2;
-                       eventTransform = identity$2.translate(x2, y2).scale(k2);
-                       if (_zoomerPanner._transform) {
-                           // utilZoomPan interface
-                           _zoomerPanner._transform(eventTransform);
-                       } else {
-                           // d3_zoom interface
-                           _selection.node().__zoom = eventTransform;
-                       }
-                   }
-
-               }
-
-               if (_transformStart.x === x &&
-                   _transformStart.y === y &&
-                   _transformStart.k === k) {
-                   return;  // no change
-               }
-
-               var withinEditableZoom = map.withinEditableZoom();
-               if (_lastWithinEditableZoom !== withinEditableZoom) {
-                   if (_lastWithinEditableZoom !== undefined) {
-                       // notify that the map zoomed in or out over the editable zoom threshold
-                       dispatch$1.call('crossEditableZoom', this, withinEditableZoom);
-                   }
-                   _lastWithinEditableZoom = withinEditableZoom;
-               }
-
-               if (geoScaleToZoom(k, TILESIZE) < _minzoom) {
-                   surface.interrupt();
-                   dispatch$1.call('hitMinZoom', this, map);
-                   setCenterZoom(map.center(), context.minEditableZoom(), 0, true);
-                   scheduleRedraw();
-                   dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
-                   return;
-               }
-
-               projection.transform(eventTransform);
-
-               var scale = k / _transformStart.k;
-               var tX = (x / scale - _transformStart.x) * scale;
-               var tY = (y / scale - _transformStart.y) * scale;
-
-               if (context.inIntro()) {
-                   curtainProjection.transform({
-                       x: x - tX,
-                       y: y - tY,
-                       k: k
-                   });
-               }
-
-               if (source) {
-                   _lastPointerEvent = event$1;
-               }
-               _isTransformed = true;
-               _transformLast = eventTransform;
-               utilSetTransform(supersurface, tX, tY, scale);
-               scheduleRedraw();
-
-               dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
-
-
-               function isInteger(val) {
-                   return typeof val === 'number' && isFinite(val) && Math.floor(val) === val;
-               }
-           }
-
 
-           function resetTransform() {
-               if (!_isTransformed) return false;
+             return this;
+           },
+           zoom: function zoom(d3_event, key, transform) {
+             if (this.mouse && key !== 'mouse') this.mouse[1] = transform.invert(this.mouse[0]);
+             if (this.pointer0 && key !== 'touch') this.pointer0[1] = transform.invert(this.pointer0[0]);
+             if (this.pointer1 && key !== 'touch') this.pointer1[1] = transform.invert(this.pointer1[0]);
+             _transform = transform;
+             dispatch.call('zoom', this, d3_event, key, transform);
+             return this;
+           },
+           end: function end(d3_event) {
+             if (--this.active === 0) {
+               _activeGesture = null;
+               dispatch.call('end', this, d3_event);
+             }
 
-               utilSetTransform(supersurface, 0, 0);
-               _isTransformed = false;
-               if (context.inIntro()) {
-                   curtainProjection.transform(projection.transform());
-               }
-               return true;
+             return this;
            }
+         };
 
+         function wheeled(d3_event) {
+           if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
+           var g = gesture(this, arguments),
+               t = _transform,
+               k = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], t.k * Math.pow(2, wheelDelta.apply(this, arguments)))),
+               p = utilFastMouse(this)(d3_event); // If the mouse is in the same location as before, reuse it.
+           // If there were recent wheel events, reset the wheel idle timeout.
 
-           function redraw(difference, extent) {
-               if (surface.empty() || !_redrawEnabled) return;
+           if (g.wheel) {
+             if (g.mouse[0][0] !== p[0] || g.mouse[0][1] !== p[1]) {
+               g.mouse[1] = t.invert(g.mouse[0] = p);
+             }
 
-               // If we are in the middle of a zoom/pan, we can't do differenced redraws.
-               // It would result in artifacts where differenced entities are redrawn with
-               // one transform and unchanged entities with another.
-               if (resetTransform()) {
-                   difference = extent = undefined;
-               }
+             clearTimeout(g.wheel); // Otherwise, capture the mouse point and location at the start.
+           } else {
+             g.mouse = [p, t.invert(p)];
+             interrupt(this);
+             g.start(d3_event);
+           }
 
-               var zoom = map.zoom();
-               var z = String(~~zoom);
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+           g.wheel = setTimeout(wheelidled, _wheelDelay);
+           g.zoom(d3_event, 'mouse', constrain(translate(scale(t, k), g.mouse[0], g.mouse[1]), g.extent, translateExtent));
 
-               if (surface.attr('data-zoom') !== z) {
-                   surface.attr('data-zoom', z);
-               }
+           function wheelidled() {
+             g.wheel = null;
+             g.end(d3_event);
+           }
+         }
 
-               // class surface as `lowzoom` around z17-z18.5 (based on latitude)
-               var lat = map.center()[1];
-               var lowzoom = linear$2()
-                   .domain([-60, 0, 60])
-                   .range([17, 18.5, 17])
-                   .clamp(true);
+         var _downPointerIDs = new Set();
 
-               surface
-                   .classed('low-zoom', zoom <= lowzoom(lat));
+         var _pointerLocGetter;
 
+         function pointerdown(d3_event) {
+           _downPointerIDs.add(d3_event.pointerId);
 
-               if (!difference) {
-                   supersurface.call(context.background());
-                   wrapper.call(drawLayers);
-               }
+           if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) return;
+           var g = gesture(this, arguments, _downPointerIDs.size === 1);
+           var started;
+           d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+           _pointerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(this);
 
-               // OSM
-               if (map.editableDataEnabled() || map.isInWideSelection()) {
-                   context.loadTiles(projection);
-                   drawEditable(difference, extent);
-               } else {
-                   editOff();
-               }
+           var loc = _pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
 
-               _transformStart = projection.transform();
+           var p = [loc, _transform.invert(loc), d3_event.pointerId];
 
-               return map;
+           if (!g.pointer0) {
+             g.pointer0 = p;
+             started = true;
+           } else if (!g.pointer1 && g.pointer0[2] !== p[2]) {
+             g.pointer1 = p;
            }
 
+           if (started) {
+             interrupt(this);
+             g.start(d3_event);
+           }
+         }
 
+         function pointermove(d3_event) {
+           if (!_downPointerIDs.has(d3_event.pointerId)) return;
+           if (!_activeGesture || !_pointerLocGetter) return;
+           var g = gesture(this, arguments);
+           var isPointer0 = g.pointer0 && g.pointer0[2] === d3_event.pointerId;
+           var isPointer1 = !isPointer0 && g.pointer1 && g.pointer1[2] === d3_event.pointerId;
 
-           var immediateRedraw = function(difference, extent) {
-               if (!difference && !extent) cancelPendingRedraw();
-               redraw(difference, extent);
-           };
-
+           if ((isPointer0 || isPointer1) && 'buttons' in d3_event && !d3_event.buttons) {
+             // The pointer went up without ending the gesture somehow, e.g.
+             // a down mouse was moved off the map and released. End it here.
+             if (g.pointer0) _downPointerIDs["delete"](g.pointer0[2]);
+             if (g.pointer1) _downPointerIDs["delete"](g.pointer1[2]);
+             g.end(d3_event);
+             return;
+           }
 
-           map.lastPointerEvent = function() {
-               return _lastPointerEvent;
-           };
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
 
+           var loc = _pointerLocGetter(d3_event);
 
-           map.mouse = function() {
-               var event$1 = _lastPointerEvent || event;
-               if (event$1) {
-                   var s;
-                   while ((s = event$1.sourceEvent)) { event$1 = s; }
-                   return _getMouseCoords(event$1);
-               }
-               return null;
-           };
+           var t, p, l;
+           if (isPointer0) g.pointer0[0] = loc;else if (isPointer1) g.pointer1[0] = loc;
+           t = _transform;
 
+           if (g.pointer1) {
+             var p0 = g.pointer0[0],
+                 l0 = g.pointer0[1],
+                 p1 = g.pointer1[0],
+                 l1 = g.pointer1[1],
+                 dp = (dp = p1[0] - p0[0]) * dp + (dp = p1[1] - p0[1]) * dp,
+                 dl = (dl = l1[0] - l0[0]) * dl + (dl = l1[1] - l0[1]) * dl;
+             t = scale(t, Math.sqrt(dp / dl));
+             p = [(p0[0] + p1[0]) / 2, (p0[1] + p1[1]) / 2];
+             l = [(l0[0] + l1[0]) / 2, (l0[1] + l1[1]) / 2];
+           } else if (g.pointer0) {
+             p = g.pointer0[0];
+             l = g.pointer0[1];
+           } else {
+             return;
+           }
 
-           // returns Lng/Lat
-           map.mouseCoordinates = function() {
-               var coord = map.mouse() || pxCenter();
-               return projection.invert(coord);
-           };
+           g.zoom(d3_event, 'touch', constrain(translate(t, p, l), g.extent, translateExtent));
+         }
 
+         function pointerup(d3_event) {
+           if (!_downPointerIDs.has(d3_event.pointerId)) return;
 
-           map.dblclickZoomEnable = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _dblClickZoomEnabled;
-               _dblClickZoomEnabled = val;
-               return map;
-           };
+           _downPointerIDs["delete"](d3_event.pointerId);
 
+           if (!_activeGesture) return;
+           var g = gesture(this, arguments);
+           d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+           if (g.pointer0 && g.pointer0[2] === d3_event.pointerId) delete g.pointer0;else if (g.pointer1 && g.pointer1[2] === d3_event.pointerId) delete g.pointer1;
 
-           map.redrawEnable = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _redrawEnabled;
-               _redrawEnabled = val;
-               return map;
-           };
+           if (g.pointer1 && !g.pointer0) {
+             g.pointer0 = g.pointer1;
+             delete g.pointer1;
+           }
 
+           if (g.pointer0) {
+             g.pointer0[1] = _transform.invert(g.pointer0[0]);
+           } else {
+             g.end(d3_event);
+           }
+         }
 
-           map.isTransformed = function() {
-               return _isTransformed;
-           };
+         zoom.wheelDelta = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (wheelDelta = utilFunctor(+_), zoom) : wheelDelta;
+         };
 
+         zoom.filter = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (filter = utilFunctor(!!_), zoom) : filter;
+         };
 
-           function setTransform(t2, duration, force) {
-               var t = projection.transform();
-               if (!force && t2.k === t.k && t2.x === t.x && t2.y === t.y) return false;
+         zoom.extent = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (extent = utilFunctor([[+_[0][0], +_[0][1]], [+_[1][0], +_[1][1]]]), zoom) : extent;
+         };
 
-               if (duration) {
-                   _selection
-                       .transition()
-                       .duration(duration)
-                       .on('start', function() { map.startEase(); })
-                       .call(_zoomerPanner.transform, identity$2.translate(t2.x, t2.y).scale(t2.k));
-               } else {
-                   projection.transform(t2);
-                   _transformStart = t2;
-                   _selection.call(_zoomerPanner.transform, _transformStart);
-               }
+         zoom.scaleExtent = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (scaleExtent[0] = +_[0], scaleExtent[1] = +_[1], zoom) : [scaleExtent[0], scaleExtent[1]];
+         };
 
-               return true;
-           }
+         zoom.translateExtent = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (translateExtent[0][0] = +_[0][0], translateExtent[1][0] = +_[1][0], translateExtent[0][1] = +_[0][1], translateExtent[1][1] = +_[1][1], zoom) : [[translateExtent[0][0], translateExtent[0][1]], [translateExtent[1][0], translateExtent[1][1]]];
+         };
 
+         zoom.constrain = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (constrain = _, zoom) : constrain;
+         };
 
-           function setCenterZoom(loc2, z2, duration, force) {
-               var c = map.center();
-               var z = map.zoom();
-               if (loc2[0] === c[0] && loc2[1] === c[1] && z2 === z && !force) return false;
+         zoom.interpolate = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (interpolate = _, zoom) : interpolate;
+         };
 
-               var proj = geoRawMercator().transform(projection.transform());  // copy projection
+         zoom._transform = function (_) {
+           return arguments.length ? (_transform = _, zoom) : _transform;
+         };
 
-               var k2 = clamp(geoZoomToScale(z2, TILESIZE), kMin, kMax);
-               proj.scale(k2);
+         return utilRebind(zoom, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-               var t = proj.translate();
-               var point = proj(loc2);
+       // if pointer events are supported. Falls back to default `dblclick` event.
 
-               var center = pxCenter();
-               t[0] += center[0] - point[0];
-               t[1] += center[1] - point[1];
+       function utilDoubleUp() {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('doubleUp');
+         var _maxTimespan = 500; // milliseconds
 
-               return setTransform(identity$2.translate(t[0], t[1]).scale(k2), duration, force);
-           }
+         var _maxDistance = 20; // web pixels; be somewhat generous to account for touch devices
 
+         var _pointer; // object representing the pointer that could trigger double up
 
-           map.pan = function(delta, duration) {
-               var t = projection.translate();
-               var k = projection.scale();
 
-               t[0] += delta[0];
-               t[1] += delta[1];
+         function pointerIsValidFor(loc) {
+           // second pointerup must occur within a small timeframe after the first pointerdown
+           return new Date().getTime() - _pointer.startTime <= _maxTimespan && // all pointer events must occur within a small distance of the first pointerdown
+           geoVecLength(_pointer.startLoc, loc) <= _maxDistance;
+         }
 
-               if (duration) {
-                   _selection
-                       .transition()
-                       .duration(duration)
-                       .on('start', function() { map.startEase(); })
-                       .call(_zoomerPanner.transform, identity$2.translate(t[0], t[1]).scale(k));
-               } else {
-                   projection.translate(t);
-                   _transformStart = projection.transform();
-                   _selection.call(_zoomerPanner.transform, _transformStart);
-                   dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
-                   immediateRedraw();
-               }
+         function pointerdown(d3_event) {
+           // ignore right-click
+           if (d3_event.ctrlKey || d3_event.button === 2) return;
+           var loc = [d3_event.clientX, d3_event.clientY]; // Don't rely on pointerId here since it can change between pointerdown
+           // events on touch devices
 
-               return map;
-           };
+           if (_pointer && !pointerIsValidFor(loc)) {
+             // if this pointer is no longer valid, clear it so another can be started
+             _pointer = undefined;
+           }
 
+           if (!_pointer) {
+             _pointer = {
+               startLoc: loc,
+               startTime: new Date().getTime(),
+               upCount: 0,
+               pointerId: d3_event.pointerId
+             };
+           } else {
+             // double down
+             _pointer.pointerId = d3_event.pointerId;
+           }
+         }
 
-           map.dimensions = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _dimensions;
+         function pointerup(d3_event) {
+           // ignore right-click
+           if (d3_event.ctrlKey || d3_event.button === 2) return;
+           if (!_pointer || _pointer.pointerId !== d3_event.pointerId) return;
+           _pointer.upCount += 1;
 
-               _dimensions = val;
-               drawLayers.dimensions(_dimensions);
-               context.background().dimensions(_dimensions);
-               projection.clipExtent([[0, 0], _dimensions]);
-               _getMouseCoords = utilFastMouse(supersurface.node());
+           if (_pointer.upCount === 2) {
+             // double up!
+             var loc = [d3_event.clientX, d3_event.clientY];
 
-               scheduleRedraw();
-               return map;
-           };
+             if (pointerIsValidFor(loc)) {
+               var locInThis = utilFastMouse(this)(d3_event);
+               dispatch.call('doubleUp', this, d3_event, locInThis);
+             } // clear the pointer info in any case
 
 
-           function zoomIn(delta) {
-               setCenterZoom(map.center(), ~~map.zoom() + delta, 250, true);
+             _pointer = undefined;
            }
+         }
 
-           function zoomOut(delta) {
-               setCenterZoom(map.center(), ~~map.zoom() - delta, 250, true);
+         function doubleUp(selection) {
+           if ('PointerEvent' in window) {
+             // dblclick isn't well supported on touch devices so manually use
+             // pointer events if they're available
+             selection.on('pointerdown.doubleUp', pointerdown).on('pointerup.doubleUp', pointerup);
+           } else {
+             // fallback to dblclick
+             selection.on('dblclick.doubleUp', function (d3_event) {
+               dispatch.call('doubleUp', this, d3_event, utilFastMouse(this)(d3_event));
+             });
            }
+         }
 
-           map.zoomIn = function() { zoomIn(1); };
-           map.zoomInFurther = function() { zoomIn(4); };
-           map.canZoomIn = function() { return map.zoom() < maxZoom; };
+         doubleUp.off = function (selection) {
+           selection.on('pointerdown.doubleUp', null).on('pointerup.doubleUp', null).on('dblclick.doubleUp', null);
+         };
 
-           map.zoomOut = function() { zoomOut(1); };
-           map.zoomOutFurther = function() { zoomOut(4); };
-           map.canZoomOut = function() { return map.zoom() > minZoom; };
+         return utilRebind(doubleUp, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           map.center = function(loc2) {
-               if (!arguments.length) {
-                   return projection.invert(pxCenter());
-               }
+       var TILESIZE = 256;
+       var minZoom = 2;
+       var maxZoom = 24;
+       var kMin = geoZoomToScale(minZoom, TILESIZE);
+       var kMax = geoZoomToScale(maxZoom, TILESIZE);
 
-               if (setCenterZoom(loc2, map.zoom())) {
-                   dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
-               }
+       function clamp$1(num, min, max) {
+         return Math.max(min, Math.min(num, max));
+       }
 
-               scheduleRedraw();
-               return map;
-           };
+       function rendererMap(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('move', 'drawn', 'crossEditableZoom', 'hitMinZoom', 'changeHighlighting', 'changeAreaFill');
+         var projection = context.projection;
+         var curtainProjection = context.curtainProjection;
+         var drawLayers;
+         var drawPoints;
+         var drawVertices;
+         var drawLines;
+         var drawAreas;
+         var drawMidpoints;
+         var drawLabels;
 
-           map.unobscuredCenterZoomEase = function(loc, zoom) {
-               var offset = map.unobscuredOffsetPx();
+         var _selection = select(null);
 
-               var proj = geoRawMercator().transform(projection.transform());  // copy projection
-               // use the target zoom to calculate the offset center
-               proj.scale(geoZoomToScale(zoom, TILESIZE));
+         var supersurface = select(null);
+         var wrapper = select(null);
+         var surface = select(null);
+         var _dimensions = [1, 1];
+         var _dblClickZoomEnabled = true;
+         var _redrawEnabled = true;
 
-               var locPx = proj(loc);
-               var offsetLocPx = [locPx[0] + offset[0], locPx[1] + offset[1]];
-               var offsetLoc = proj.invert(offsetLocPx);
+         var _gestureTransformStart;
 
-               map.centerZoomEase(offsetLoc, zoom);
-           };
+         var _transformStart = projection.transform();
 
-           map.unobscuredOffsetPx = function() {
-               var openPane = context.container().select('.map-panes .map-pane.shown');
-               if (!openPane.empty()) {
-                   return [openPane.node().offsetWidth/2, 0];
-               }
-               return [0, 0];
-           };
+         var _transformLast;
 
-           map.zoom = function(z2) {
-               if (!arguments.length) {
-                   return Math.max(geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale(), TILESIZE), 0);
-               }
+         var _isTransformed = false;
+         var _minzoom = 0;
 
-               if (z2 < _minzoom) {
-                   surface.interrupt();
-                   dispatch$1.call('hitMinZoom', this, map);
-                   z2 = context.minEditableZoom();
-               }
+         var _getMouseCoords;
 
-               if (setCenterZoom(map.center(), z2)) {
-                   dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
-               }
+         var _lastPointerEvent;
 
-               scheduleRedraw();
-               return map;
-           };
+         var _lastWithinEditableZoom; // whether a pointerdown event started the zoom
 
 
-           map.centerZoom = function(loc2, z2) {
-               if (setCenterZoom(loc2, z2)) {
-                   dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
-               }
+         var _pointerDown = false; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
-               scheduleRedraw();
-               return map;
-           };
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse'; // use pointer event interaction if supported; fallback to touch/mouse events in d3-zoom
 
 
-           map.zoomTo = function(entity) {
-               var extent = entity.extent(context.graph());
-               if (!isFinite(extent.area())) return map;
+         var _zoomerPannerFunction = 'PointerEvent' in window ? utilZoomPan : d3_zoom;
 
-               var z2 = clamp(map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent), 0, 20);
-               return map.centerZoom(extent.center(), z2);
-           };
+         var _zoomerPanner = _zoomerPannerFunction().scaleExtent([kMin, kMax]).interpolate(interpolate$1).filter(zoomEventFilter).on('zoom.map', zoomPan).on('start.map', function (d3_event) {
+           _pointerDown = d3_event && (d3_event.type === 'pointerdown' || d3_event.sourceEvent && d3_event.sourceEvent.type === 'pointerdown');
+         }).on('end.map', function () {
+           _pointerDown = false;
+         });
 
+         var _doubleUpHandler = utilDoubleUp();
+
+         var scheduleRedraw = throttle(redraw, 750); // var isRedrawScheduled = false;
+         // var pendingRedrawCall;
+         // function scheduleRedraw() {
+         //     // Only schedule the redraw if one has not already been set.
+         //     if (isRedrawScheduled) return;
+         //     isRedrawScheduled = true;
+         //     var that = this;
+         //     var args = arguments;
+         //     pendingRedrawCall = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+         //         // Reset the boolean so future redraws can be set.
+         //         isRedrawScheduled = false;
+         //         redraw.apply(that, args);
+         //     }, { timeout: 1400 });
+         // }
 
-           map.centerEase = function(loc2, duration) {
-               duration = duration || 250;
-               setCenterZoom(loc2, map.zoom(), duration);
-               return map;
-           };
 
+         function cancelPendingRedraw() {
+           scheduleRedraw.cancel(); // isRedrawScheduled = false;
+           // window.cancelIdleCallback(pendingRedrawCall);
+         }
 
-           map.zoomEase = function(z2, duration) {
-               duration = duration || 250;
-               setCenterZoom(map.center(), z2, duration, false);
-               return map;
-           };
+         function map(selection) {
+           _selection = selection;
+           context.on('change.map', immediateRedraw);
+           var osm = context.connection();
 
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.on('change.map', immediateRedraw);
+           }
 
-           map.centerZoomEase = function(loc2, z2, duration) {
-               duration = duration || 250;
-               setCenterZoom(loc2, z2, duration, false);
-               return map;
-           };
+           function didUndoOrRedo(targetTransform) {
+             var mode = context.mode().id;
+             if (mode !== 'browse' && mode !== 'select') return;
 
+             if (targetTransform) {
+               map.transformEase(targetTransform);
+             }
+           }
 
-           map.transformEase = function(t2, duration) {
-               duration = duration || 250;
-               setTransform(t2, duration, false /* don't force */);
-               return map;
-           };
+           context.history().on('merge.map', function () {
+             scheduleRedraw();
+           }).on('change.map', immediateRedraw).on('undone.map', function (stack, fromStack) {
+             didUndoOrRedo(fromStack.transform);
+           }).on('redone.map', function (stack) {
+             didUndoOrRedo(stack.transform);
+           });
+           context.background().on('change.map', immediateRedraw);
+           context.features().on('redraw.map', immediateRedraw);
+           drawLayers.on('change.map', function () {
+             context.background().updateImagery();
+             immediateRedraw();
+           });
+           selection.on('wheel.map mousewheel.map', function (d3_event) {
+             // disable swipe-to-navigate browser pages on trackpad/magic mouse – #5552
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+           }).call(_zoomerPanner).call(_zoomerPanner.transform, projection.transform()).on('dblclick.zoom', null); // override d3-zoom dblclick handling
+
+           map.supersurface = supersurface = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'supersurface').call(utilSetTransform, 0, 0); // Need a wrapper div because Opera can't cope with an absolutely positioned
+           // SVG element: http://bl.ocks.org/jfirebaugh/6fbfbd922552bf776c16
+
+           wrapper = supersurface.append('div').attr('class', 'layer layer-data');
+           map.surface = surface = wrapper.call(drawLayers).selectAll('.surface');
+           surface.call(drawLabels.observe).call(_doubleUpHandler).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.zoom', function (d3_event) {
+             _lastPointerEvent = d3_event;
+
+             if (d3_event.button === 2) {
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             }
+           }, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.zoom', function (d3_event) {
+             _lastPointerEvent = d3_event;
+
+             if (resetTransform()) {
+               immediateRedraw();
+             }
+           }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.map', function (d3_event) {
+             _lastPointerEvent = d3_event;
+           }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'over.vertices', function (d3_event) {
+             if (map.editableDataEnabled() && !_isTransformed) {
+               var hover = d3_event.target.__data__;
+               surface.call(drawVertices.drawHover, context.graph(), hover, map.extent());
+               dispatch.call('drawn', this, {
+                 full: false
+               });
+             }
+           }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'out.vertices', function (d3_event) {
+             if (map.editableDataEnabled() && !_isTransformed) {
+               var hover = d3_event.relatedTarget && d3_event.relatedTarget.__data__;
+               surface.call(drawVertices.drawHover, context.graph(), hover, map.extent());
+               dispatch.call('drawn', this, {
+                 full: false
+               });
+             }
+           });
+           var detected = utilDetect(); // only WebKit supports gesture events
+
+           if ('GestureEvent' in window && // Listening for gesture events on iOS 13.4+ breaks double-tapping,
+           // but we only need to do this on desktop Safari anyway. – #7694
+           !detected.isMobileWebKit) {
+             // Desktop Safari sends gesture events for multitouch trackpad pinches.
+             // We can listen for these and translate them into map zooms.
+             surface.on('gesturestart.surface', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               _gestureTransformStart = projection.transform();
+             }).on('gesturechange.surface', gestureChange);
+           } // must call after surface init
+
+
+           updateAreaFill();
+
+           _doubleUpHandler.on('doubleUp.map', function (d3_event, p0) {
+             if (!_dblClickZoomEnabled) return; // don't zoom if targeting something other than the map itself
+
+             if (_typeof(d3_event.target.__data__) === 'object' && // or area fills
+             !select(d3_event.target).classed('fill')) return;
+             var zoomOut = d3_event.shiftKey;
+             var t = projection.transform();
+             var p1 = t.invert(p0);
+             t = t.scale(zoomOut ? 0.5 : 2);
+             t.x = p0[0] - p1[0] * t.k;
+             t.y = p0[1] - p1[1] * t.k;
+             map.transformEase(t);
+           });
 
+           context.on('enter.map', function () {
+             if (!map.editableDataEnabled(true
+             /* skip zoom check */
+             )) return;
+             if (_isTransformed) return; // redraw immediately any objects affected by a change in selectedIDs.
 
-           map.zoomToEase = function(obj, duration) {
-               var extent;
-               if (Array.isArray(obj)) {
-                   obj.forEach(function(entity) {
-                       var entityExtent = entity.extent(context.graph());
-                       if (!extent) {
-                           extent = entityExtent;
-                       } else {
-                           extent = extent.extend(entityExtent);
-                       }
+             var graph = context.graph();
+             var selectedAndParents = {};
+             context.selectedIDs().forEach(function (id) {
+               var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
+
+               if (entity) {
+                 selectedAndParents[entity.id] = entity;
+
+                 if (entity.type === 'node') {
+                   graph.parentWays(entity).forEach(function (parent) {
+                     selectedAndParents[parent.id] = parent;
                    });
-               } else {
-                   extent = obj.extent(context.graph());
+                 }
                }
-               if (!isFinite(extent.area())) return map;
-
-               var z2 = clamp(map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent), 0, 20);
-               return map.centerZoomEase(extent.center(), z2, duration);
-           };
+             });
+             var data = Object.values(selectedAndParents);
 
+             var filter = function filter(d) {
+               return d.id in selectedAndParents;
+             };
 
-           map.startEase = function() {
-               utilBindOnce(surface, _pointerPrefix + 'down.ease', function() {
-                   map.cancelEase();
-               });
-               return map;
-           };
+             data = context.features().filter(data, graph);
+             surface.call(drawVertices.drawSelected, graph, map.extent()).call(drawLines, graph, data, filter).call(drawAreas, graph, data, filter).call(drawMidpoints, graph, data, filter, map.trimmedExtent());
+             dispatch.call('drawn', this, {
+               full: false
+             }); // redraw everything else later
 
+             scheduleRedraw();
+           });
+           map.dimensions(utilGetDimensions(selection));
+         }
 
-           map.cancelEase = function() {
-               _selection.interrupt();
-               return map;
-           };
+         function zoomEventFilter(d3_event) {
+           // Fix for #2151, (see also d3/d3-zoom#60, d3/d3-brush#18)
+           // Intercept `mousedown` and check if there is an orphaned zoom gesture.
+           // This can happen if a previous `mousedown` occurred without a `mouseup`.
+           // If we detect this, dispatch `mouseup` to complete the orphaned gesture,
+           // so that d3-zoom won't stop propagation of new `mousedown` events.
+           if (d3_event.type === 'mousedown') {
+             var hasOrphan = false;
+             var listeners = window.__on;
 
+             for (var i = 0; i < listeners.length; i++) {
+               var listener = listeners[i];
 
-           map.extent = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) {
-                   return new geoExtent(
-                       projection.invert([0, _dimensions[1]]),
-                       projection.invert([_dimensions[0], 0])
-                   );
-               } else {
-                   var extent = geoExtent(val);
-                   map.centerZoom(extent.center(), map.extentZoom(extent));
+               if (listener.name === 'zoom' && listener.type === 'mouseup') {
+                 hasOrphan = true;
+                 break;
                }
-           };
+             }
 
+             if (hasOrphan) {
+               var event = window.CustomEvent;
 
-           map.trimmedExtent = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) {
-                   var headerY = 71;
-                   var footerY = 30;
-                   var pad = 10;
-                   return new geoExtent(
-                       projection.invert([pad, _dimensions[1] - footerY - pad]),
-                       projection.invert([_dimensions[0] - pad, headerY + pad])
-                   );
+               if (event) {
+                 event = new event('mouseup');
                } else {
-                   var extent = geoExtent(val);
-                   map.centerZoom(extent.center(), map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent));
-               }
-           };
-
-
-           function calcExtentZoom(extent, dim) {
-               var tl = projection([extent[0][0], extent[1][1]]);
-               var br = projection([extent[1][0], extent[0][1]]);
+                 event = window.document.createEvent('Event');
+                 event.initEvent('mouseup', false, false);
+               } // Event needs to be dispatched with an event.view property.
 
-               // Calculate maximum zoom that fits extent
-               var hFactor = (br[0] - tl[0]) / dim[0];
-               var vFactor = (br[1] - tl[1]) / dim[1];
-               var hZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(hFactor)) / Math.LN2;
-               var vZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(vFactor)) / Math.LN2;
-               var newZoom = map.zoom() - Math.max(hZoomDiff, vZoomDiff);
 
-               return newZoom;
+               event.view = window;
+               window.dispatchEvent(event);
+             }
            }
 
+           return d3_event.button !== 2; // ignore right clicks
+         }
 
-           map.extentZoom = function(val) {
-               return calcExtentZoom(geoExtent(val), _dimensions);
-           };
-
-
-           map.trimmedExtentZoom = function(val) {
-               var trimY = 120;
-               var trimX = 40;
-               var trimmed = [_dimensions[0] - trimX, _dimensions[1] - trimY];
-               return calcExtentZoom(geoExtent(val), trimmed);
-           };
-
-
-           map.withinEditableZoom = function() {
-               return map.zoom() >= context.minEditableZoom();
-           };
-
-
-           map.isInWideSelection = function() {
-               return !map.withinEditableZoom() && context.selectedIDs().length;
-           };
-
-
-           map.editableDataEnabled = function(skipZoomCheck) {
-
-               var layer = context.layers().layer('osm');
-               if (!layer || !layer.enabled()) return false;
-
-               return skipZoomCheck || map.withinEditableZoom();
-           };
-
+         function pxCenter() {
+           return [_dimensions[0] / 2, _dimensions[1] / 2];
+         }
 
-           map.notesEditable = function() {
-               var layer = context.layers().layer('notes');
-               if (!layer || !layer.enabled()) return false;
+         function drawEditable(difference, extent) {
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var features = context.features();
+           var all = context.history().intersects(map.extent());
+           var fullRedraw = false;
+           var data;
+           var set;
+           var filter;
+           var applyFeatureLayerFilters = true;
+
+           if (map.isInWideSelection()) {
+             data = [];
+             utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs(mode.selectedIDs(), context.graph()).forEach(function (id) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(id);
+               if (entity) data.push(entity);
+             });
+             fullRedraw = true;
+             filter = utilFunctor(true); // selected features should always be visible, so we can skip filtering
 
-               return map.withinEditableZoom();
-           };
+             applyFeatureLayerFilters = false;
+           } else if (difference) {
+             var complete = difference.complete(map.extent());
+             data = Object.values(complete).filter(Boolean);
+             set = new Set(Object.keys(complete));
 
+             filter = function filter(d) {
+               return set.has(d.id);
+             };
 
-           map.minzoom = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _minzoom;
-               _minzoom = val;
-               return map;
-           };
+             features.clear(data);
+           } else {
+             // force a full redraw if gatherStats detects that a feature
+             // should be auto-hidden (e.g. points or buildings)..
+             if (features.gatherStats(all, graph, _dimensions)) {
+               extent = undefined;
+             }
 
+             if (extent) {
+               data = context.history().intersects(map.extent().intersection(extent));
+               set = new Set(data.map(function (entity) {
+                 return entity.id;
+               }));
 
-           map.toggleHighlightEdited = function() {
-               surface.classed('highlight-edited', !surface.classed('highlight-edited'));
-               map.pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
-               dispatch$1.call('changeHighlighting', this);
-           };
+               filter = function filter(d) {
+                 return set.has(d.id);
+               };
+             } else {
+               data = all;
+               fullRedraw = true;
+               filter = utilFunctor(true);
+             }
+           }
 
+           if (applyFeatureLayerFilters) {
+             data = features.filter(data, graph);
+           } else {
+             context.features().resetStats();
+           }
 
-           map.areaFillOptions = ['wireframe', 'partial', 'full'];
+           if (mode && mode.id === 'select') {
+             // update selected vertices - the user might have just double-clicked a way,
+             // creating a new vertex, triggering a partial redraw without a mode change
+             surface.call(drawVertices.drawSelected, graph, map.extent());
+           }
 
-           map.activeAreaFill = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return corePreferences('area-fill') || 'partial';
+           surface.call(drawVertices, graph, data, filter, map.extent(), fullRedraw).call(drawLines, graph, data, filter).call(drawAreas, graph, data, filter).call(drawMidpoints, graph, data, filter, map.trimmedExtent()).call(drawLabels, graph, data, filter, _dimensions, fullRedraw).call(drawPoints, graph, data, filter);
+           dispatch.call('drawn', this, {
+             full: true
+           });
+         }
 
-               corePreferences('area-fill', val);
-               if (val !== 'wireframe') {
-                   corePreferences('area-fill-toggle', val);
-               }
-               updateAreaFill();
-               map.pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
-               dispatch$1.call('changeAreaFill', this);
-               return map;
-           };
+         map.init = function () {
+           drawLayers = svgLayers(projection, context);
+           drawPoints = svgPoints(projection, context);
+           drawVertices = svgVertices(projection, context);
+           drawLines = svgLines(projection, context);
+           drawAreas = svgAreas(projection, context);
+           drawMidpoints = svgMidpoints(projection, context);
+           drawLabels = svgLabels(projection, context);
+         };
 
-           map.toggleWireframe = function() {
+         function editOff() {
+           context.features().resetStats();
+           surface.selectAll('.layer-osm *').remove();
+           surface.selectAll('.layer-touch:not(.markers) *').remove();
+           var allowed = {
+             'browse': true,
+             'save': true,
+             'select-note': true,
+             'select-data': true,
+             'select-error': true
+           };
+           var mode = context.mode();
+
+           if (mode && !allowed[mode.id]) {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }
 
-               var activeFill = map.activeAreaFill();
+           dispatch.call('drawn', this, {
+             full: true
+           });
+         }
 
-               if (activeFill === 'wireframe') {
-                   activeFill = corePreferences('area-fill-toggle') || 'partial';
+         function gestureChange(d3_event) {
+           // Remap Safari gesture events to wheel events - #5492
+           // We want these disabled most places, but enabled for zoom/unzoom on map surface
+           // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/GestureEvent
+           var e = d3_event;
+           e.preventDefault();
+           var props = {
+             deltaMode: 0,
+             // dummy values to ignore in zoomPan
+             deltaY: 1,
+             // dummy values to ignore in zoomPan
+             clientX: e.clientX,
+             clientY: e.clientY,
+             screenX: e.screenX,
+             screenY: e.screenY,
+             x: e.x,
+             y: e.y
+           };
+           var e2 = new WheelEvent('wheel', props);
+           e2._scale = e.scale; // preserve the original scale
+
+           e2._rotation = e.rotation; // preserve the original rotation
+
+           _selection.node().dispatchEvent(e2);
+         }
+
+         function zoomPan(event, key, transform) {
+           var source = event && event.sourceEvent || event;
+           var eventTransform = transform || event && event.transform;
+           var x = eventTransform.x;
+           var y = eventTransform.y;
+           var k = eventTransform.k; // Special handling of 'wheel' events:
+           // They might be triggered by the user scrolling the mouse wheel,
+           // or 2-finger pinch/zoom gestures, the transform may need adjustment.
+
+           if (source && source.type === 'wheel') {
+             // assume that the gesture is already handled by pointer events
+             if (_pointerDown) return;
+             var detected = utilDetect();
+             var dX = source.deltaX;
+             var dY = source.deltaY;
+             var x2 = x;
+             var y2 = y;
+             var k2 = k;
+             var t0, p0, p1; // Normalize mousewheel scroll speed (Firefox) - #3029
+             // If wheel delta is provided in LINE units, recalculate it in PIXEL units
+             // We are essentially redoing the calculations that occur here:
+             //   https://github.com/d3/d3-zoom/blob/78563a8348aa4133b07cac92e2595c2227ca7cd7/src/zoom.js#L203
+             // See this for more info:
+             //   https://github.com/basilfx/normalize-wheel/blob/master/src/normalizeWheel.js
+
+             if (source.deltaMode === 1
+             /* LINE */
+             ) {
+               // Convert from lines to pixels, more if the user is scrolling fast.
+               // (I made up the exp function to roughly match Firefox to what Chrome does)
+               // These numbers should be floats, because integers are treated as pan gesture below.
+               var lines = Math.abs(source.deltaY);
+               var sign = source.deltaY > 0 ? 1 : -1;
+               dY = sign * clamp$1(Math.exp((lines - 1) * 0.75) * 4.000244140625, 4.000244140625, // min
+               350.000244140625 // max
+               ); // On Firefox Windows and Linux we always get +/- the scroll line amount (default 3)
+               // There doesn't seem to be any scroll acceleration.
+               // This multiplier increases the speed a little bit - #5512
+
+               if (detected.os !== 'mac') {
+                 dY *= 5;
+               } // recalculate x2,y2,k2
+
+
+               t0 = _isTransformed ? _transformLast : _transformStart;
+               p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
+               p1 = t0.invert(p0);
+               k2 = t0.k * Math.pow(2, -dY / 500);
+               k2 = clamp$1(k2, kMin, kMax);
+               x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
+               y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2; // 2 finger map pinch zooming (Safari) - #5492
+               // These are fake `wheel` events we made from Safari `gesturechange` events..
+             } else if (source._scale) {
+               // recalculate x2,y2,k2
+               t0 = _gestureTransformStart;
+               p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
+               p1 = t0.invert(p0);
+               k2 = t0.k * source._scale;
+               k2 = clamp$1(k2, kMin, kMax);
+               x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
+               y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2; // 2 finger map pinch zooming (all browsers except Safari) - #5492
+               // Pinch zooming via the `wheel` event will always have:
+               // - `ctrlKey = true`
+               // - `deltaY` is not round integer pixels (ignore `deltaX`)
+             } else if (source.ctrlKey && !isInteger(dY)) {
+               dY *= 6; // slightly scale up whatever the browser gave us
+               // recalculate x2,y2,k2
+
+               t0 = _isTransformed ? _transformLast : _transformStart;
+               p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
+               p1 = t0.invert(p0);
+               k2 = t0.k * Math.pow(2, -dY / 500);
+               k2 = clamp$1(k2, kMin, kMax);
+               x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
+               y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2; // Trackpad scroll zooming with shift or alt/option key down
+             } else if ((source.altKey || source.shiftKey) && isInteger(dY)) {
+               // recalculate x2,y2,k2
+               t0 = _isTransformed ? _transformLast : _transformStart;
+               p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
+               p1 = t0.invert(p0);
+               k2 = t0.k * Math.pow(2, -dY / 500);
+               k2 = clamp$1(k2, kMin, kMax);
+               x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
+               y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2; // 2 finger map panning (Mac only, all browsers except Firefox #8595) - #5492, #5512
+               // Panning via the `wheel` event will always have:
+               // - `ctrlKey = false`
+               // - `deltaX`,`deltaY` are round integer pixels
+             } else if (detected.os === 'mac' && detected.browser !== 'Firefox' && !source.ctrlKey && isInteger(dX) && isInteger(dY)) {
+               p1 = projection.translate();
+               x2 = p1[0] - dX;
+               y2 = p1[1] - dY;
+               k2 = projection.scale();
+               k2 = clamp$1(k2, kMin, kMax);
+             } // something changed - replace the event transform
+
+
+             if (x2 !== x || y2 !== y || k2 !== k) {
+               x = x2;
+               y = y2;
+               k = k2;
+               eventTransform = identity$2.translate(x2, y2).scale(k2);
+
+               if (_zoomerPanner._transform) {
+                 // utilZoomPan interface
+                 _zoomerPanner._transform(eventTransform);
                } else {
-                   activeFill = 'wireframe';
+                 // d3_zoom interface
+                 _selection.node().__zoom = eventTransform;
                }
+             }
+           }
 
-               map.activeAreaFill(activeFill);
-           };
+           if (_transformStart.x === x && _transformStart.y === y && _transformStart.k === k) {
+             return; // no change
+           }
 
-           function updateAreaFill() {
-               var activeFill = map.activeAreaFill();
-               map.areaFillOptions.forEach(function(opt) {
-                   surface.classed('fill-' + opt, Boolean(opt === activeFill));
-               });
+           if (geoScaleToZoom(k, TILESIZE) < _minzoom) {
+             surface.interrupt();
+             dispatch.call('hitMinZoom', this, map);
+             setCenterZoom(map.center(), context.minEditableZoom(), 0, true);
+             scheduleRedraw();
+             dispatch.call('move', this, map);
+             return;
            }
 
+           projection.transform(eventTransform);
+           var withinEditableZoom = map.withinEditableZoom();
 
-           map.layers = () => drawLayers;
+           if (_lastWithinEditableZoom !== withinEditableZoom) {
+             if (_lastWithinEditableZoom !== undefined) {
+               // notify that the map zoomed in or out over the editable zoom threshold
+               dispatch.call('crossEditableZoom', this, withinEditableZoom);
+             }
 
+             _lastWithinEditableZoom = withinEditableZoom;
+           }
 
-           map.doubleUpHandler = function() {
-               return _doubleUpHandler;
-           };
+           var scale = k / _transformStart.k;
+           var tX = (x / scale - _transformStart.x) * scale;
+           var tY = (y / scale - _transformStart.y) * scale;
 
+           if (context.inIntro()) {
+             curtainProjection.transform({
+               x: x - tX,
+               y: y - tY,
+               k: k
+             });
+           }
 
-           return utilRebind(map, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           if (source) {
+             _lastPointerEvent = event;
+           }
 
-       function rendererPhotos(context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-           var _layerIDs = ['streetside', 'mapillary', 'mapillary-map-features', 'mapillary-signs', 'openstreetcam'];
-           var _allPhotoTypes = ['flat', 'panoramic'];
-           var _shownPhotoTypes = _allPhotoTypes.slice();   // shallow copy
+           _isTransformed = true;
+           _transformLast = eventTransform;
+           utilSetTransform(supersurface, tX, tY, scale);
+           scheduleRedraw();
+           dispatch.call('move', this, map);
 
-           function photos() {}
+           function isInteger(val) {
+             return typeof val === 'number' && isFinite(val) && Math.floor(val) === val;
+           }
+         }
 
-           function updateStorage() {
-               if (window.mocha) return;
+         function resetTransform() {
+           if (!_isTransformed) return false;
+           utilSetTransform(supersurface, 0, 0);
+           _isTransformed = false;
 
-               var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
-               var enabled = context.layers().all().filter(function(d) {
-                   return _layerIDs.indexOf(d.id) !== -1 && d.layer && d.layer.supported() && d.layer.enabled();
-               }).map(function(d) {
-                   return d.id;
-               });
-               if (enabled.length) {
-                   hash.photo_overlay = enabled.join(',');
-               } else {
-                   delete hash.photo_overlay;
-               }
-               window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
+           if (context.inIntro()) {
+             curtainProjection.transform(projection.transform());
            }
 
-           photos.overlayLayerIDs = function() {
-               return _layerIDs;
-           };
+           return true;
+         }
 
-           photos.allPhotoTypes = function() {
-               return _allPhotoTypes;
-           };
+         function redraw(difference, extent) {
+           if (surface.empty() || !_redrawEnabled) return; // If we are in the middle of a zoom/pan, we can't do differenced redraws.
+           // It would result in artifacts where differenced entities are redrawn with
+           // one transform and unchanged entities with another.
 
-           function showsLayer(id) {
-               var layer = context.layers().layer(id);
-               return layer && layer.supported() && layer.enabled();
+           if (resetTransform()) {
+             difference = extent = undefined;
            }
 
-           photos.shouldFilterByPhotoType = function() {
-               return showsLayer('mapillary') ||
-                   (showsLayer('streetside') && showsLayer('openstreetcam'));
-           };
-
-           photos.showsPhotoType = function(val) {
-               if (!photos.shouldFilterByPhotoType()) return true;
+           var zoom = map.zoom();
+           var z = String(~~zoom);
 
-               return _shownPhotoTypes.indexOf(val) !== -1;
-           };
+           if (surface.attr('data-zoom') !== z) {
+             surface.attr('data-zoom', z);
+           } // class surface as `lowzoom` around z17-z18.5 (based on latitude)
 
-           photos.showsFlat = function() {
-               return photos.showsPhotoType('flat');
-           };
 
-           photos.showsPanoramic = function() {
-               return photos.showsPhotoType('panoramic');
-           };
+           var lat = map.center()[1];
+           var lowzoom = linear().domain([-60, 0, 60]).range([17, 18.5, 17]).clamp(true);
+           surface.classed('low-zoom', zoom <= lowzoom(lat));
 
-           photos.togglePhotoType = function(val) {
-               var index = _shownPhotoTypes.indexOf(val);
-               if (index !== -1) {
-                   _shownPhotoTypes.splice(index, 1);
-               } else {
-                   _shownPhotoTypes.push(val);
-               }
-               dispatch$1.call('change', this);
-               return photos;
-           };
+           if (!difference) {
+             supersurface.call(context.background());
+             wrapper.call(drawLayers);
+           } // OSM
 
-           photos.init = function() {
-               var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
-               if (hash.photo_overlay) {
-                   var hashOverlayIDs = hash.photo_overlay.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
-                   hashOverlayIDs.forEach(function(id) {
-                       var layer = context.layers().layer(id);
-                       if (layer) layer.enabled(true);
-                   });
-               }
 
-               context.layers().on('change.rendererPhotos', updateStorage);
-           };
+           if (map.editableDataEnabled() || map.isInWideSelection()) {
+             context.loadTiles(projection);
+             drawEditable(difference, extent);
+           } else {
+             editOff();
+           }
 
-           return utilRebind(photos, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           _transformStart = projection.transform();
+           return map;
+         }
 
-       function uiAccount(context) {
-           var osm = context.connection();
+         var immediateRedraw = function immediateRedraw(difference, extent) {
+           if (!difference && !extent) cancelPendingRedraw();
+           redraw(difference, extent);
+         };
 
+         map.lastPointerEvent = function () {
+           return _lastPointerEvent;
+         };
 
-           function update(selection) {
-               if (!osm) return;
+         map.mouse = function (d3_event) {
+           var event = d3_event || _lastPointerEvent;
 
-               if (!osm.authenticated()) {
-                   selection.selectAll('.userLink, .logoutLink')
-                       .classed('hide', true);
-                   return;
-               }
+           if (event) {
+             var s;
 
-               osm.userDetails(function(err, details) {
-                   var userLink = selection.select('.userLink'),
-                       logoutLink = selection.select('.logoutLink');
+             while (s = event.sourceEvent) {
+               event = s;
+             }
 
-                   userLink.html('');
-                   logoutLink.html('');
+             return _getMouseCoords(event);
+           }
 
-                   if (err || !details) return;
+           return null;
+         }; // returns Lng/Lat
 
-                   selection.selectAll('.userLink, .logoutLink')
-                       .classed('hide', false);
 
-                   // Link
-                   userLink.append('a')
-                       .attr('href', osm.userURL(details.display_name))
-                       .attr('target', '_blank');
+         map.mouseCoordinates = function () {
+           var coord = map.mouse() || pxCenter();
+           return projection.invert(coord);
+         };
 
-                   // Add thumbnail or dont
-                   if (details.image_url) {
-                       userLink.append('img')
-                           .attr('class', 'icon pre-text user-icon')
-                           .attr('src', details.image_url);
-                   } else {
-                       userLink
-                           .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-avatar', 'pre-text light'));
-                   }
+         map.dblclickZoomEnable = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _dblClickZoomEnabled;
+           _dblClickZoomEnabled = val;
+           return map;
+         };
 
-                   // Add user name
-                   userLink.append('span')
-                       .attr('class', 'label')
-                       .text(details.display_name);
-
-                   logoutLink.append('a')
-                       .attr('class', 'logout')
-                       .attr('href', '#')
-                       .text(_t('logout'))
-                       .on('click.logout', function() {
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                           osm.logout();
-                       });
-               });
-           }
+         map.redrawEnable = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _redrawEnabled;
+           _redrawEnabled = val;
+           return map;
+         };
 
+         map.isTransformed = function () {
+           return _isTransformed;
+         };
 
-           return function(selection) {
-               selection.append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'logoutLink')
-                   .classed('hide', true);
+         function setTransform(t2, duration, force) {
+           var t = projection.transform();
+           if (!force && t2.k === t.k && t2.x === t.x && t2.y === t.y) return false;
 
-               selection.append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'userLink')
-                   .classed('hide', true);
+           if (duration) {
+             _selection.transition().duration(duration).on('start', function () {
+               map.startEase();
+             }).call(_zoomerPanner.transform, identity$2.translate(t2.x, t2.y).scale(t2.k));
+           } else {
+             projection.transform(t2);
+             _transformStart = t2;
 
-               if (osm) {
-                   osm.on('change.account', function() { update(selection); });
-                   update(selection);
-               }
-           };
-       }
+             _selection.call(_zoomerPanner.transform, _transformStart);
+           }
 
-       function uiAttribution(context) {
-         let _selection = select(null);
+           return true;
+         }
 
+         function setCenterZoom(loc2, z2, duration, force) {
+           var c = map.center();
+           var z = map.zoom();
+           if (loc2[0] === c[0] && loc2[1] === c[1] && z2 === z && !force) return false;
+           var proj = geoRawMercator().transform(projection.transform()); // copy projection
+
+           var k2 = clamp$1(geoZoomToScale(z2, TILESIZE), kMin, kMax);
+           proj.scale(k2);
+           var t = proj.translate();
+           var point = proj(loc2);
+           var center = pxCenter();
+           t[0] += center[0] - point[0];
+           t[1] += center[1] - point[1];
+           return setTransform(identity$2.translate(t[0], t[1]).scale(k2), duration, force);
+         }
+
+         map.pan = function (delta, duration) {
+           var t = projection.translate();
+           var k = projection.scale();
+           t[0] += delta[0];
+           t[1] += delta[1];
+
+           if (duration) {
+             _selection.transition().duration(duration).on('start', function () {
+               map.startEase();
+             }).call(_zoomerPanner.transform, identity$2.translate(t[0], t[1]).scale(k));
+           } else {
+             projection.translate(t);
+             _transformStart = projection.transform();
 
-         function render(selection, data, klass) {
-           let div = selection.selectAll(`.${klass}`)
-             .data([0]);
+             _selection.call(_zoomerPanner.transform, _transformStart);
 
-           div = div.enter()
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', klass)
-             .merge(div);
+             dispatch.call('move', this, map);
+             immediateRedraw();
+           }
 
+           return map;
+         };
 
-           let attributions = div.selectAll('.attribution')
-             .data(data, d => d.id);
+         map.dimensions = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _dimensions;
+           _dimensions = val;
+           drawLayers.dimensions(_dimensions);
+           context.background().dimensions(_dimensions);
+           projection.clipExtent([[0, 0], _dimensions]);
+           _getMouseCoords = utilFastMouse(supersurface.node());
+           scheduleRedraw();
+           return map;
+         };
 
-           attributions.exit()
-             .remove();
+         function zoomIn(delta) {
+           setCenterZoom(map.center(), ~~map.zoom() + delta, 250, true);
+         }
 
-           attributions = attributions.enter()
-             .append('span')
-             .attr('class', 'attribution')
-             .each((d, i, nodes) => {
-               let attribution = select(nodes[i]);
+         function zoomOut(delta) {
+           setCenterZoom(map.center(), ~~map.zoom() - delta, 250, true);
+         }
 
-               if (d.terms_html) {
-                 attribution.html(d.terms_html);
-                 return;
-               }
+         map.zoomIn = function () {
+           zoomIn(1);
+         };
 
-               if (d.terms_url) {
-                 attribution = attribution
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('href', d.terms_url)
-                   .attr('target', '_blank');
-               }
+         map.zoomInFurther = function () {
+           zoomIn(4);
+         };
 
-               const sourceID = d.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
-               const terms_text = _t(`imagery.${sourceID}.attribution.text`,
-                 { default: d.terms_text || d.id || d.name() }
-               );
+         map.canZoomIn = function () {
+           return map.zoom() < maxZoom;
+         };
 
-               if (d.icon && !d.overlay) {
-                 attribution
-                   .append('img')
-                   .attr('class', 'source-image')
-                   .attr('src', d.icon);
-               }
+         map.zoomOut = function () {
+           zoomOut(1);
+         };
 
-               attribution
-                 .append('span')
-                 .attr('class', 'attribution-text')
-                 .text(terms_text);
-             })
-             .merge(attributions);
+         map.zoomOutFurther = function () {
+           zoomOut(4);
+         };
 
+         map.canZoomOut = function () {
+           return map.zoom() > minZoom;
+         };
 
-           let copyright = attributions.selectAll('.copyright-notice')
-             .data(d => {
-               let notice = d.copyrightNotices(context.map().zoom(), context.map().extent());
-               return notice ? [notice] : [];
-             });
+         map.center = function (loc2) {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return projection.invert(pxCenter());
+           }
 
-           copyright.exit()
-             .remove();
+           if (setCenterZoom(loc2, map.zoom())) {
+             dispatch.call('move', this, map);
+           }
 
-           copyright = copyright.enter()
-             .append('span')
-             .attr('class', 'copyright-notice')
-             .merge(copyright);
+           scheduleRedraw();
+           return map;
+         };
 
-           copyright
-             .text(String);
-         }
+         map.unobscuredCenterZoomEase = function (loc, zoom) {
+           var offset = map.unobscuredOffsetPx();
+           var proj = geoRawMercator().transform(projection.transform()); // copy projection
+           // use the target zoom to calculate the offset center
 
+           proj.scale(geoZoomToScale(zoom, TILESIZE));
+           var locPx = proj(loc);
+           var offsetLocPx = [locPx[0] + offset[0], locPx[1] + offset[1]];
+           var offsetLoc = proj.invert(offsetLocPx);
+           map.centerZoomEase(offsetLoc, zoom);
+         };
 
-         function update() {
-           let baselayer = context.background().baseLayerSource();
-           _selection
-             .call(render, (baselayer ? [baselayer] : []), 'base-layer-attribution');
+         map.unobscuredOffsetPx = function () {
+           var openPane = context.container().select('.map-panes .map-pane.shown');
 
-           const z = context.map().zoom();
-           let overlays = context.background().overlayLayerSources() || [];
-           _selection
-             .call(render, overlays.filter(s => s.validZoom(z)), 'overlay-layer-attribution');
-         }
+           if (!openPane.empty()) {
+             return [openPane.node().offsetWidth / 2, 0];
+           }
 
+           return [0, 0];
+         };
 
-         return function(selection) {
-           _selection = selection;
+         map.zoom = function (z2) {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return Math.max(geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale(), TILESIZE), 0);
+           }
 
-           context.background()
-             .on('change.attribution', update);
+           if (z2 < _minzoom) {
+             surface.interrupt();
+             dispatch.call('hitMinZoom', this, map);
+             z2 = context.minEditableZoom();
+           }
 
-           context.map()
-             .on('move.attribution', throttle(update, 400, { leading: false }));
+           if (setCenterZoom(map.center(), z2)) {
+             dispatch.call('move', this, map);
+           }
 
-           update();
+           scheduleRedraw();
+           return map;
          };
-       }
-
-       function uiContributors(context) {
-           var osm = context.connection(),
-               debouncedUpdate = debounce(function() { update(); }, 1000),
-               limit = 4,
-               hidden = false,
-               wrap = select(null);
 
+         map.centerZoom = function (loc2, z2) {
+           if (setCenterZoom(loc2, z2)) {
+             dispatch.call('move', this, map);
+           }
 
-           function update() {
-               if (!osm) return;
+           scheduleRedraw();
+           return map;
+         };
 
-               var users = {},
-                   entities = context.history().intersects(context.map().extent());
+         map.zoomTo = function (entity) {
+           var extent = entity.extent(context.graph());
+           if (!isFinite(extent.area())) return map;
+           var z2 = clamp$1(map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent), 0, 20);
+           return map.centerZoom(extent.center(), z2);
+         };
 
-               entities.forEach(function(entity) {
-                   if (entity && entity.user) users[entity.user] = true;
-               });
+         map.centerEase = function (loc2, duration) {
+           duration = duration || 250;
+           setCenterZoom(loc2, map.zoom(), duration);
+           return map;
+         };
 
-               var u = Object.keys(users),
-                   subset = u.slice(0, u.length > limit ? limit - 1 : limit);
+         map.zoomEase = function (z2, duration) {
+           duration = duration || 250;
+           setCenterZoom(map.center(), z2, duration, false);
+           return map;
+         };
 
-               wrap.html('')
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-nearby', 'pre-text light'));
+         map.centerZoomEase = function (loc2, z2, duration) {
+           duration = duration || 250;
+           setCenterZoom(loc2, z2, duration, false);
+           return map;
+         };
 
-               var userList = select(document.createElement('span'));
+         map.transformEase = function (t2, duration) {
+           duration = duration || 250;
+           setTransform(t2, duration, false
+           /* don't force */
+           );
+           return map;
+         };
 
-               userList.selectAll()
-                   .data(subset)
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'user-link')
-                   .attr('href', function(d) { return osm.userURL(d); })
-                   .attr('target', '_blank')
-                   .text(String);
-
-               if (u.length > limit) {
-                   var count = select(document.createElement('span'));
-
-                   count.append('a')
-                       .attr('target', '_blank')
-                       .attr('href', function() {
-                           return osm.changesetsURL(context.map().center(), context.map().zoom());
-                       })
-                       .text(u.length - limit + 1);
+         map.zoomToEase = function (obj, duration) {
+           var extent;
 
-                   wrap.append('span')
-                       .html(_t('contributors.truncated_list', { users: userList.html(), count: count.html() }));
+           if (Array.isArray(obj)) {
+             obj.forEach(function (entity) {
+               var entityExtent = entity.extent(context.graph());
 
+               if (!extent) {
+                 extent = entityExtent;
                } else {
-                   wrap.append('span')
-                       .html(_t('contributors.list', { users: userList.html() }));
-               }
-
-               if (!u.length) {
-                   hidden = true;
-                   wrap
-                       .transition()
-                       .style('opacity', 0);
-
-               } else if (hidden) {
-                   wrap
-                       .transition()
-                       .style('opacity', 1);
+                 extent = extent.extend(entityExtent);
                }
+             });
+           } else {
+             extent = obj.extent(context.graph());
            }
 
+           if (!isFinite(extent.area())) return map;
+           var z2 = clamp$1(map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent), 0, 20);
+           return map.centerZoomEase(extent.center(), z2, duration);
+         };
 
-           return function(selection) {
-               if (!osm) return;
-               wrap = selection;
-               update();
+         map.startEase = function () {
+           utilBindOnce(surface, _pointerPrefix + 'down.ease', function () {
+             map.cancelEase();
+           });
+           return map;
+         };
 
-               osm.on('loaded.contributors', debouncedUpdate);
-               context.map().on('move.contributors', debouncedUpdate);
-           };
-       }
+         map.cancelEase = function () {
+           _selection.interrupt();
 
-       var _popoverID = 0;
+           return map;
+         };
 
-       function uiPopover(klass) {
-           var _id = _popoverID++;
-           var _anchorSelection = select(null);
-           var popover = function(selection) {
-               _anchorSelection = selection;
-               selection.each(setup);
-           };
-           var _animation = utilFunctor(false);
-           var _placement = utilFunctor('top'); // top, bottom, left, right
-           var _alignment = utilFunctor('center');  // leading, center, trailing
-           var _scrollContainer = utilFunctor(select(null));
-           var _content;
-           var _displayType = utilFunctor('');
-           var _hasArrow = utilFunctor(true);
-
-           // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
-           var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
-
-           popover.displayType = function(val) {
-               if (arguments.length) {
-                   _displayType = utilFunctor(val);
-                   return popover;
-               } else {
-                   return _displayType;
-               }
-           };
+         map.extent = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return new geoExtent(projection.invert([0, _dimensions[1]]), projection.invert([_dimensions[0], 0]));
+           } else {
+             var extent = geoExtent(val);
+             map.centerZoom(extent.center(), map.extentZoom(extent));
+           }
+         };
 
-           popover.hasArrow = function(val) {
-               if (arguments.length) {
-                   _hasArrow = utilFunctor(val);
-                   return popover;
-               } else {
-                   return _hasArrow;
-               }
-           };
+         map.trimmedExtent = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             var headerY = 71;
+             var footerY = 30;
+             var pad = 10;
+             return new geoExtent(projection.invert([pad, _dimensions[1] - footerY - pad]), projection.invert([_dimensions[0] - pad, headerY + pad]));
+           } else {
+             var extent = geoExtent(val);
+             map.centerZoom(extent.center(), map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent));
+           }
+         };
 
-           popover.placement = function(val) {
-               if (arguments.length) {
-                   _placement = utilFunctor(val);
-                   return popover;
-               } else {
-                   return _placement;
-               }
-           };
+         function calcExtentZoom(extent, dim) {
+           var tl = projection([extent[0][0], extent[1][1]]);
+           var br = projection([extent[1][0], extent[0][1]]); // Calculate maximum zoom that fits extent
 
-           popover.alignment = function(val) {
-               if (arguments.length) {
-                   _alignment = utilFunctor(val);
-                   return popover;
-               } else {
-                   return _alignment;
-               }
-           };
+           var hFactor = (br[0] - tl[0]) / dim[0];
+           var vFactor = (br[1] - tl[1]) / dim[1];
+           var hZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(hFactor)) / Math.LN2;
+           var vZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(vFactor)) / Math.LN2;
+           var newZoom = map.zoom() - Math.max(hZoomDiff, vZoomDiff);
+           return newZoom;
+         }
 
-           popover.scrollContainer = function(val) {
-               if (arguments.length) {
-                   _scrollContainer = utilFunctor(val);
-                   return popover;
-               } else {
-                   return _scrollContainer;
-               }
-           };
+         map.extentZoom = function (val) {
+           return calcExtentZoom(geoExtent(val), _dimensions);
+         };
 
-           popover.content = function(val) {
-               if (arguments.length) {
-                   _content = val;
-                   return popover;
-               } else {
-                   return _content;
-               }
-           };
+         map.trimmedExtentZoom = function (val) {
+           var trimY = 120;
+           var trimX = 40;
+           var trimmed = [_dimensions[0] - trimX, _dimensions[1] - trimY];
+           return calcExtentZoom(geoExtent(val), trimmed);
+         };
 
-           popover.isShown = function() {
-               var popoverSelection = _anchorSelection.select('.popover-' + _id);
-               return !popoverSelection.empty() && popoverSelection.classed('in');
-           };
+         map.withinEditableZoom = function () {
+           return map.zoom() >= context.minEditableZoom();
+         };
 
-           popover.show = function() {
-               _anchorSelection.each(show);
-           };
+         map.isInWideSelection = function () {
+           return !map.withinEditableZoom() && context.selectedIDs().length;
+         };
 
-           popover.updateContent = function() {
-               _anchorSelection.each(updateContent);
-           };
+         map.editableDataEnabled = function (skipZoomCheck) {
+           var layer = context.layers().layer('osm');
+           if (!layer || !layer.enabled()) return false;
+           return skipZoomCheck || map.withinEditableZoom();
+         };
 
-           popover.hide = function() {
-               _anchorSelection.each(hide);
-           };
+         map.notesEditable = function () {
+           var layer = context.layers().layer('notes');
+           if (!layer || !layer.enabled()) return false;
+           return map.withinEditableZoom();
+         };
 
-           popover.toggle = function() {
-               _anchorSelection.each(toggle);
-           };
+         map.minzoom = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _minzoom;
+           _minzoom = val;
+           return map;
+         };
 
-           popover.destroy = function(selection, selector) {
-               // by default, just destroy the current popover
-               selector = selector || '.popover-' + _id;
-
-               selection
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'enter.popover', null)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'leave.popover', null)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.popover', null)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.popover', null)
-                   .on('click.popover', null)
-                   .attr('title', function() {
-                       return this.getAttribute('data-original-title') || this.getAttribute('title');
-                   })
-                   .attr('data-original-title', null)
-                   .selectAll(selector)
-                   .remove();
-           };
+         map.toggleHighlightEdited = function () {
+           surface.classed('highlight-edited', !surface.classed('highlight-edited'));
+           map.pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
 
+           dispatch.call('changeHighlighting', this);
+         };
 
-           popover.destroyAny = function(selection) {
-               selection.call(popover.destroy, '.popover');
-           };
+         map.areaFillOptions = ['wireframe', 'partial', 'full'];
 
-           function setup() {
-               var anchor = select(this);
-               var animate = _animation.apply(this, arguments);
-               var popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id)
-                   .data([0]);
+         map.activeAreaFill = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return corePreferences('area-fill') || 'partial';
+           corePreferences('area-fill', val);
 
+           if (val !== 'wireframe') {
+             corePreferences('area-fill-toggle', val);
+           }
 
-               var enter = popoverSelection.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'popover popover-' + _id + ' ' + (klass ? klass : ''))
-                   .classed('arrowed', _hasArrow.apply(this, arguments));
+           updateAreaFill();
+           map.pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
 
-               enter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'popover-arrow');
+           dispatch.call('changeAreaFill', this);
+           return map;
+         };
 
-               enter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'popover-inner');
+         map.toggleWireframe = function () {
+           var activeFill = map.activeAreaFill();
 
-               popoverSelection = enter
-                   .merge(popoverSelection);
+           if (activeFill === 'wireframe') {
+             activeFill = corePreferences('area-fill-toggle') || 'partial';
+           } else {
+             activeFill = 'wireframe';
+           }
 
-               if (animate) {
-                   popoverSelection.classed('fade', true);
-               }
+           map.activeAreaFill(activeFill);
+         };
 
-               var display = _displayType.apply(this, arguments);
+         function updateAreaFill() {
+           var activeFill = map.activeAreaFill();
+           map.areaFillOptions.forEach(function (opt) {
+             surface.classed('fill-' + opt, Boolean(opt === activeFill));
+           });
+         }
 
-               if (display === 'hover') {
-                   var _lastNonMouseEnterTime;
-                   anchor.on(_pointerPrefix + 'enter.popover', function() {
+         map.layers = function () {
+           return drawLayers;
+         };
 
-                       if (event.pointerType) {
-                           if (event.pointerType !== 'mouse') {
-                               _lastNonMouseEnterTime = event.timeStamp;
-                               // only allow hover behavior for mouse input
-                               return;
-                           } else if (_lastNonMouseEnterTime &&
-                               event.timeStamp - _lastNonMouseEnterTime < 1500) {
-                               // HACK: iOS 13.4 sends an erroneous `mouse` type pointerenter
-                               // event for non-mouse interactions right after sending
-                               // the correct type pointerenter event. Workaround by discarding
-                               // any mouse event that occurs immediately after a non-mouse event.
-                               return;
-                           }
-                       }
+         map.doubleUpHandler = function () {
+           return _doubleUpHandler;
+         };
 
-                       // don't show if buttons are pressed, e.g. during click and drag of map
-                       if (event.buttons !== 0) return;
+         return utilRebind(map, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-                       show.apply(this, arguments);
-                   });
-                   anchor.on(_pointerPrefix + 'leave.popover', function() {
-                       hide.apply(this, arguments);
-                   });
+       function rendererPhotos(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var _layerIDs = ['streetside', 'mapillary', 'mapillary-map-features', 'mapillary-signs', 'kartaview'];
+         var _allPhotoTypes = ['flat', 'panoramic'];
 
-               } else if (display === 'clickFocus') {
-                   anchor
-                       .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.popover', function() {
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                           event.stopPropagation();
-                       })
-                       .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.popover', function() {
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                           event.stopPropagation();
-                       })
-                       .on('click.popover', toggle);
+         var _shownPhotoTypes = _allPhotoTypes.slice(); // shallow copy
 
-                   popoverSelection
-                       .attr('tabindex', 0)
-                       .on('blur.popover', function() {
-                           anchor.each(function() {
-                               hide.apply(this, arguments);
-                           });
-                       });
-               }
-           }
 
+         var _dateFilters = ['fromDate', 'toDate'];
 
-           function show() {
-               var anchor = select(this);
-               var popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id);
+         var _fromDate;
 
-               if (popoverSelection.empty()) {
-                   // popover was removed somehow, put it back
-                   anchor.call(popover.destroy);
-                   anchor.each(setup);
-                   popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id);
-               }
+         var _toDate;
 
-               popoverSelection.classed('in', true);
+         var _usernames;
 
-               var displayType = _displayType.apply(this, arguments);
-               if (displayType === 'clickFocus') {
-                   anchor.classed('active', true);
-                   popoverSelection.node().focus();
-               }
+         function photos() {}
+
+         function updateStorage() {
+           if (window.mocha) return;
+           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
+           var enabled = context.layers().all().filter(function (d) {
+             return _layerIDs.indexOf(d.id) !== -1 && d.layer && d.layer.supported() && d.layer.enabled();
+           }).map(function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           });
 
-               anchor.each(updateContent);
+           if (enabled.length) {
+             hash.photo_overlay = enabled.join(',');
+           } else {
+             delete hash.photo_overlay;
            }
 
-           function updateContent() {
-               var anchor = select(this);
+           window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
+         }
 
-               if (_content) {
-                   anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id + ' > .popover-inner')
-                       .call(_content.apply(this, arguments));
-               }
+         photos.overlayLayerIDs = function () {
+           return _layerIDs;
+         };
 
-               updatePosition.apply(this, arguments);
-               // hack: update multiple times to fix instances where the absolute offset is
-               // set before the dynamic popover size is calculated by the browser
-               updatePosition.apply(this, arguments);
-               updatePosition.apply(this, arguments);
-           }
+         photos.allPhotoTypes = function () {
+           return _allPhotoTypes;
+         };
 
+         photos.dateFilters = function () {
+           return _dateFilters;
+         };
 
-           function updatePosition() {
+         photos.dateFilterValue = function (val) {
+           return val === _dateFilters[0] ? _fromDate : _toDate;
+         };
 
-               var anchor = select(this);
-               var popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id);
+         photos.setDateFilter = function (type, val, updateUrl) {
+           // validate the date
+           var date = val && new Date(val);
 
-               var scrollContainer = _scrollContainer && _scrollContainer.apply(this, arguments);
-               var scrollNode = scrollContainer && !scrollContainer.empty() && scrollContainer.node();
-               var scrollLeft = scrollNode ? scrollNode.scrollLeft : 0;
-               var scrollTop = scrollNode ? scrollNode.scrollTop : 0;
+           if (date && !isNaN(date)) {
+             val = date.toISOString().substr(0, 10);
+           } else {
+             val = null;
+           }
 
-               var placement = _placement.apply(this, arguments);
-               popoverSelection
-                   .classed('left', false)
-                   .classed('right', false)
-                   .classed('top', false)
-                   .classed('bottom', false)
-                   .classed(placement, true);
+           if (type === _dateFilters[0]) {
+             _fromDate = val;
 
-               var alignment = _alignment.apply(this, arguments);
-               var alignFactor = 0.5;
-               if (alignment === 'leading') {
-                   alignFactor = 0;
-               } else if (alignment === 'trailing') {
-                   alignFactor = 1;
-               }
-               var anchorFrame = getFrame(anchor.node());
-               var popoverFrame = getFrame(popoverSelection.node());
-               var position;
+             if (_fromDate && _toDate && new Date(_toDate) < new Date(_fromDate)) {
+               _toDate = _fromDate;
+             }
+           }
 
-               switch (placement) {
-                   case 'top':
-                   position = {
-                       x: anchorFrame.x + (anchorFrame.w - popoverFrame.w) * alignFactor,
-                       y: anchorFrame.y - popoverFrame.h
-                   };
-                   break;
-                   case 'bottom':
-                   position = {
-                       x: anchorFrame.x + (anchorFrame.w - popoverFrame.w) * alignFactor,
-                       y: anchorFrame.y + anchorFrame.h
-                   };
-                   break;
-                   case 'left':
-                   position = {
-                       x: anchorFrame.x - popoverFrame.w,
-                       y: anchorFrame.y + (anchorFrame.h - popoverFrame.h) * alignFactor
-                   };
-                   break;
-                   case 'right':
-                   position = {
-                       x: anchorFrame.x + anchorFrame.w,
-                       y: anchorFrame.y + (anchorFrame.h - popoverFrame.h) * alignFactor
-                   };
-                   break;
-               }
+           if (type === _dateFilters[1]) {
+             _toDate = val;
 
-               if (position) {
+             if (_fromDate && _toDate && new Date(_toDate) < new Date(_fromDate)) {
+               _fromDate = _toDate;
+             }
+           }
 
-                   if (scrollNode && (placement === 'top' || placement === 'bottom')) {
+           dispatch.call('change', this);
 
-                       var initialPosX = position.x;
+           if (updateUrl) {
+             var rangeString;
 
-                       if (position.x + popoverFrame.w > scrollNode.offsetWidth - 10) {
-                           position.x = scrollNode.offsetWidth - 10 - popoverFrame.w;
-                       } else if (position.x < 10) {
-                           position.x = 10;
-                       }
+             if (_fromDate || _toDate) {
+               rangeString = (_fromDate || '') + '_' + (_toDate || '');
+             }
 
-                       var arrow = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id + ' > .popover-arrow');
-                       // keep the arrow centered on the button, or as close as possible
-                       var arrowPosX = Math.min(Math.max(popoverFrame.w / 2 - (position.x - initialPosX), 10), popoverFrame.w - 10);
-                       arrow.style('left', ~~arrowPosX + 'px');
-                   }
+             setUrlFilterValue('photo_dates', rangeString);
+           }
+         };
 
-                   popoverSelection.style('left', ~~position.x + 'px').style('top', ~~position.y + 'px');
-               } else {
-                   popoverSelection.style('left', null).style('top', null);
-               }
+         photos.setUsernameFilter = function (val, updateUrl) {
+           if (val && typeof val === 'string') val = val.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
 
-               function getFrame(node) {
-                   var positionStyle = select(node).style('position');
-                   if (positionStyle === 'absolute' || positionStyle === 'static') {
-                       return {
-                           x: node.offsetLeft - scrollLeft,
-                           y: node.offsetTop - scrollTop,
-                           w: node.offsetWidth,
-                           h: node.offsetHeight
-                       };
-                   } else {
-                       return {
-                           x: 0,
-                           y: 0,
-                           w: node.offsetWidth,
-                           h: node.offsetHeight
-                       };
-                   }
-               }
+           if (val) {
+             val = val.map(function (d) {
+               return d.trim();
+             }).filter(Boolean);
+
+             if (!val.length) {
+               val = null;
+             }
            }
 
+           _usernames = val;
+           dispatch.call('change', this);
 
-           function hide() {
-               var anchor = select(this);
-               if (_displayType.apply(this, arguments) === 'clickFocus') {
-                   anchor.classed('active', false);
-               }
-               anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id).classed('in', false);
-           }
+           if (updateUrl) {
+             var hashString;
 
+             if (_usernames) {
+               hashString = _usernames.join(',');
+             }
 
-           function toggle() {
-               if (select(this).select('.popover-' + _id).classed('in')) {
-                   hide.apply(this, arguments);
-               } else {
-                   show.apply(this, arguments);
-               }
+             setUrlFilterValue('photo_username', hashString);
            }
+         };
 
+         function setUrlFilterValue(property, val) {
+           if (!window.mocha) {
+             var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
 
-           return popover;
-       }
+             if (val) {
+               if (hash[property] === val) return;
+               hash[property] = val;
+             } else {
+               if (!(property in hash)) return;
+               delete hash[property];
+             }
 
-       function uiTooltip(klass) {
+             window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
+           }
+         }
 
-           var tooltip = uiPopover((klass || '') + ' tooltip')
-               .displayType('hover');
+         function showsLayer(id) {
+           var layer = context.layers().layer(id);
+           return layer && layer.supported() && layer.enabled();
+         }
 
-           var _title = function() {
-               var title = this.getAttribute('data-original-title');
-               if (title) {
-                   return title;
-               } else {
-                   title = this.getAttribute('title');
-                   this.removeAttribute('title');
-                   this.setAttribute('data-original-title', title);
-               }
-               return title;
-           };
+         photos.shouldFilterByDate = function () {
+           return showsLayer('mapillary') || showsLayer('kartaview') || showsLayer('streetside');
+         };
+
+         photos.shouldFilterByPhotoType = function () {
+           return showsLayer('mapillary') || showsLayer('streetside') && showsLayer('kartaview');
+         };
 
-           var _heading = utilFunctor(null);
-           var _keys = utilFunctor(null);
+         photos.shouldFilterByUsername = function () {
+           return !showsLayer('mapillary') && showsLayer('kartaview') && !showsLayer('streetside');
+         };
 
-           tooltip.title = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _title;
-               _title = utilFunctor(val);
-               return tooltip;
-           };
+         photos.showsPhotoType = function (val) {
+           if (!photos.shouldFilterByPhotoType()) return true;
+           return _shownPhotoTypes.indexOf(val) !== -1;
+         };
 
-           tooltip.heading = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _heading;
-               _heading = utilFunctor(val);
-               return tooltip;
-           };
+         photos.showsFlat = function () {
+           return photos.showsPhotoType('flat');
+         };
 
-           tooltip.keys = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _keys;
-               _keys = utilFunctor(val);
-               return tooltip;
-           };
+         photos.showsPanoramic = function () {
+           return photos.showsPhotoType('panoramic');
+         };
 
-           tooltip.content(function() {
-               var heading = _heading.apply(this, arguments);
-               var text = _title.apply(this, arguments);
-               var keys = _keys.apply(this, arguments);
+         photos.fromDate = function () {
+           return _fromDate;
+         };
 
-               return function(selection) {
+         photos.toDate = function () {
+           return _toDate;
+         };
 
-                   var headingSelect = selection
-                       .selectAll('.tooltip-heading')
-                       .data(heading ? [heading] :[]);
+         photos.togglePhotoType = function (val) {
+           var index = _shownPhotoTypes.indexOf(val);
 
-                   headingSelect.exit()
-                       .remove();
+           if (index !== -1) {
+             _shownPhotoTypes.splice(index, 1);
+           } else {
+             _shownPhotoTypes.push(val);
+           }
 
-                   headingSelect.enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'tooltip-heading')
-                       .merge(headingSelect)
-                       .html(heading);
+           dispatch.call('change', this);
+           return photos;
+         };
 
-                   var textSelect = selection
-                       .selectAll('.tooltip-text')
-                       .data(text ? [text] :[]);
+         photos.usernames = function () {
+           return _usernames;
+         };
 
-                   textSelect.exit()
-                       .remove();
+         photos.init = function () {
+           var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
 
-                   textSelect.enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'tooltip-text')
-                       .merge(textSelect)
-                       .html(text);
+           if (hash.photo_dates) {
+             // expect format like `photo_dates=2019-01-01_2020-12-31`, but allow a couple different separators
+             var parts = /^(.*)[–_](.*)$/g.exec(hash.photo_dates.trim());
+             this.setDateFilter('fromDate', parts && parts.length >= 2 && parts[1], false);
+             this.setDateFilter('toDate', parts && parts.length >= 3 && parts[2], false);
+           }
 
-                   var keyhintWrap = selection
-                       .selectAll('.keyhint-wrap')
-                       .data(keys && keys.length ? [0] : []);
+           if (hash.photo_username) {
+             this.setUsernameFilter(hash.photo_username, false);
+           }
 
-                   keyhintWrap.exit()
-                       .remove();
+           if (hash.photo_overlay) {
+             // support enabling photo layers by default via a URL parameter, e.g. `photo_overlay=kartaview;mapillary;streetside`
+             var hashOverlayIDs = hash.photo_overlay.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
+             hashOverlayIDs.forEach(function (id) {
+               if (id === 'openstreetcam') id = 'kartaview'; // legacy alias
 
-                   var keyhintWrapEnter = keyhintWrap.enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'keyhint-wrap');
+               var layer = _layerIDs.indexOf(id) !== -1 && context.layers().layer(id);
+               if (layer && !layer.enabled()) layer.enabled(true);
+             });
+           }
 
-                   keyhintWrapEnter
-                       .append('span')
-                       .html(_t('tooltip_keyhint'));
+           if (hash.photo) {
+             // support opening a photo via a URL parameter, e.g. `photo=mapillary-fztgSDtLpa08ohPZFZjeRQ`
+             var photoIds = hash.photo.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
+             var photoId = photoIds.length && photoIds[0].trim();
+             var results = /(.*)\/(.*)/g.exec(photoId);
+
+             if (results && results.length >= 3) {
+               var serviceId = results[1];
+               if (serviceId === 'openstreetcam') serviceId = 'kartaview'; // legacy alias
+
+               var photoKey = results[2];
+               var service = services[serviceId];
+
+               if (service && service.ensureViewerLoaded) {
+                 // if we're showing a photo then make sure its layer is enabled too
+                 var layer = _layerIDs.indexOf(serviceId) !== -1 && context.layers().layer(serviceId);
+                 if (layer && !layer.enabled()) layer.enabled(true);
+                 var baselineTime = Date.now();
+                 service.on('loadedImages.rendererPhotos', function () {
+                   // don't open the viewer if too much time has elapsed
+                   if (Date.now() - baselineTime > 45000) {
+                     service.on('loadedImages.rendererPhotos', null);
+                     return;
+                   }
 
-                   keyhintWrap = keyhintWrapEnter.merge(keyhintWrap);
+                   if (!service.cachedImage(photoKey)) return;
+                   service.on('loadedImages.rendererPhotos', null);
+                   service.ensureViewerLoaded(context).then(function () {
+                     service.selectImage(context, photoKey).showViewer(context);
+                   });
+                 });
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-                   keyhintWrap.selectAll('kbd.shortcut')
-                       .data(keys && keys.length ? keys : [])
-                       .enter()
-                       .append('kbd')
-                       .attr('class', 'shortcut')
-                       .html(function(d) {
-                           return d;
-                       });
-               };
-           });
+           context.layers().on('change.rendererPhotos', updateStorage);
+         };
 
-           return tooltip;
+         return utilRebind(photos, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       function uiEditMenu(context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('toggled');
+       function uiAccount(context) {
+         var osm = context.connection();
 
-           var _menu = select(null);
-           var _operations = [];
-           // the position the menu should be displayed relative to
-           var _anchorLoc = [0, 0];
-           var _anchorLocLonLat = [0, 0];
-           // a string indicating how the menu was opened
-           var _triggerType = '';
+         function update(selection) {
+           if (!osm) return;
 
-           var _vpTopMargin = 85; // viewport top margin
-           var _vpBottomMargin = 45; // viewport bottom margin
-           var _vpSideMargin = 35;   // viewport side margin
+           if (!osm.authenticated()) {
+             selection.selectAll('.userLink, .logoutLink').classed('hide', true);
+             return;
+           }
 
-           var _menuTop = false;
-           var _menuHeight;
-           var _menuWidth;
+           osm.userDetails(function (err, details) {
+             var userLink = selection.select('.userLink'),
+                 logoutLink = selection.select('.logoutLink');
+             userLink.html('');
+             logoutLink.html('');
+             if (err || !details) return;
+             selection.selectAll('.userLink, .logoutLink').classed('hide', false); // Link
 
-           // hardcode these values to make menu positioning easier
-           var _verticalPadding = 4;
+             var userLinkA = userLink.append('a').attr('href', osm.userURL(details.display_name)).attr('target', '_blank'); // Add thumbnail or dont
 
-           // see also `.edit-menu .tooltip` CSS; include margin
-           var _tooltipWidth = 210;
+             if (details.image_url) {
+               userLinkA.append('img').attr('class', 'icon pre-text user-icon').attr('src', details.image_url);
+             } else {
+               userLinkA.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-avatar', 'pre-text light'));
+             } // Add user name
 
-           // offset the menu slightly from the target location
-           var _menuSideMargin = 10;
 
-           var _tooltips = [];
+             userLinkA.append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(details.display_name);
+             logoutLink.append('a').attr('class', 'logout').attr('href', '#').call(_t.append('logout')).on('click.logout', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               osm.logout();
+             });
+           });
+         }
 
-           var editMenu = function(selection) {
+         return function (selection) {
+           selection.append('li').attr('class', 'userLink').classed('hide', true);
+           selection.append('li').attr('class', 'logoutLink').classed('hide', true);
 
-               var isTouchMenu = _triggerType.includes('touch') || _triggerType.includes('pen');
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.on('change.account', function () {
+               update(selection);
+             });
+             update(selection);
+           }
+         };
+       }
 
-               var ops = _operations.filter(function(op) {
-                   return !isTouchMenu || !op.mouseOnly;
-               });
+       function uiAttribution(context) {
+         var _selection = select(null);
 
-               if (!ops.length) return;
+         function render(selection, data, klass) {
+           var div = selection.selectAll(".".concat(klass)).data([0]);
+           div = div.enter().append('div').attr('class', klass).merge(div);
+           var attributions = div.selectAll('.attribution').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           });
+           attributions.exit().remove();
+           attributions = attributions.enter().append('span').attr('class', 'attribution').each(function (d, i, nodes) {
+             var attribution = select(nodes[i]);
 
-               _tooltips = [];
+             if (d.terms_html) {
+               attribution.html(d.terms_html);
+               return;
+             }
 
-               // Position the menu above the anchor for stylus and finger input
-               // since the mapper's hand likely obscures the screen below the anchor
-               _menuTop = isTouchMenu;
+             if (d.terms_url) {
+               attribution = attribution.append('a').attr('href', d.terms_url).attr('target', '_blank');
+             }
 
-               // Show labels for touch input since there aren't hover tooltips
-               var showLabels = isTouchMenu;
+             var sourceID = d.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
+             var terms_text = _t("imagery.".concat(sourceID, ".attribution.text"), {
+               "default": d.terms_text || d.id || d.name()
+             });
 
-               var buttonHeight = showLabels ? 32 : 34;
-               if (showLabels) {
-                   // Get a general idea of the width based on the length of the label
-                   _menuWidth = 52 + Math.min(120, 6 * Math.max.apply(Math, ops.map(function(op) {
-                       return op.title.length;
-                   })));
-               } else {
-                   _menuWidth = 44;
-               }
+             if (d.icon && !d.overlay) {
+               attribution.append('img').attr('class', 'source-image').attr('src', d.icon);
+             }
 
-               _menuHeight = _verticalPadding * 2 + ops.length * buttonHeight;
+             attribution.append('span').attr('class', 'attribution-text').text(terms_text);
+           }).merge(attributions);
+           var copyright = attributions.selectAll('.copyright-notice').data(function (d) {
+             var notice = d.copyrightNotices(context.map().zoom(), context.map().extent());
+             return notice ? [notice] : [];
+           });
+           copyright.exit().remove();
+           copyright = copyright.enter().append('span').attr('class', 'copyright-notice').merge(copyright);
+           copyright.text(String);
+         }
 
-               _menu = selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'edit-menu')
-                   .classed('touch-menu', isTouchMenu)
-                   .style('padding', _verticalPadding + 'px 0');
-
-               var buttons = _menu.selectAll('.edit-menu-item')
-                   .data(ops);
-
-               // enter
-               var buttonsEnter = buttons.enter()
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', function (d) { return 'edit-menu-item edit-menu-item-' + d.id; })
-                   .style('height', buttonHeight + 'px')
-                   .on('click', click)
-                   // don't listen for `mouseup` because we only care about non-mouse pointer types
-                   .on('pointerup', pointerup)
-                   .on('pointerdown mousedown', function pointerdown() {
-                       // don't let button presses also act as map input - #1869
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                   });
+         function update() {
+           var baselayer = context.background().baseLayerSource();
 
-               buttonsEnter.each(function(d) {
-                   var tooltip = uiTooltip()
-                       .heading(d.title)
-                       .title(d.tooltip())
-                       .keys([d.keys[0]]);
+           _selection.call(render, baselayer ? [baselayer] : [], 'base-layer-attribution');
 
-                   _tooltips.push(tooltip);
+           var z = context.map().zoom();
+           var overlays = context.background().overlayLayerSources() || [];
 
-                   select(this)
-                       .call(tooltip)
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'icon-wrap')
-                       .call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-' + d.id, 'operation'));
-               });
+           _selection.call(render, overlays.filter(function (s) {
+             return s.validZoom(z);
+           }), 'overlay-layer-attribution');
+         }
 
-               if (showLabels) {
-                   buttonsEnter.append('span')
-                       .attr('class', 'label')
-                       .text(function(d) {
-                           return d.title;
-                       });
-               }
+         return function (selection) {
+           _selection = selection;
+           context.background().on('change.attribution', update);
+           context.map().on('move.attribution', throttle(update, 400, {
+             leading: false
+           }));
+           update();
+         };
+       }
 
-               // update
-               buttons = buttonsEnter
-                   .merge(buttons)
-                   .classed('disabled', function(d) { return d.disabled(); });
+       function uiContributors(context) {
+         var osm = context.connection(),
+             debouncedUpdate = debounce(function () {
+           update();
+         }, 1000),
+             limit = 4,
+             hidden = false,
+             wrap = select(null);
 
-               updatePosition();
+         function update() {
+           if (!osm) return;
+           var users = {},
+               entities = context.history().intersects(context.map().extent());
+           entities.forEach(function (entity) {
+             if (entity && entity.user) users[entity.user] = true;
+           });
+           var u = Object.keys(users),
+               subset = u.slice(0, u.length > limit ? limit - 1 : limit);
+           wrap.html('').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-nearby', 'pre-text light'));
+           var userList = select(document.createElement('span'));
+           userList.selectAll().data(subset).enter().append('a').attr('class', 'user-link').attr('href', function (d) {
+             return osm.userURL(d);
+           }).attr('target', '_blank').text(String);
+
+           if (u.length > limit) {
+             var count = select(document.createElement('span'));
+             var othersNum = u.length - limit + 1;
+             count.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', function () {
+               return osm.changesetsURL(context.map().center(), context.map().zoom());
+             }).text(othersNum);
+             wrap.append('span').html(_t.html('contributors.truncated_list', {
+               n: othersNum,
+               users: {
+                 html: userList.html()
+               },
+               count: {
+                 html: count.html()
+               }
+             }));
+           } else {
+             wrap.append('span').html(_t.html('contributors.list', {
+               users: {
+                 html: userList.html()
+               }
+             }));
+           }
 
-               var initialScale = context.projection.scale();
-               context.map()
-                   .on('move.edit-menu', function() {
-                       if (initialScale !== context.projection.scale()) {
-                           editMenu.close();
-                       }
-                   })
-                   .on('drawn.edit-menu', function(info) {
-                       if (info.full) updatePosition();
-                   });
+           if (!u.length) {
+             hidden = true;
+             wrap.transition().style('opacity', 0);
+           } else if (hidden) {
+             wrap.transition().style('opacity', 1);
+           }
+         }
 
-               var lastPointerUpType;
-               // `pointerup` is always called before `click`
-               function pointerup() {
-                   lastPointerUpType = event.pointerType;
-               }
-
-               function click(operation) {
-                   event.stopPropagation();
-                   if (operation.disabled()) {
-                       if (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' ||
-                           lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
-                           // there are no tooltips for touch interactions so flash feedback instead
-                           context.ui().flash
-                               .duration(4000)
-                               .iconName('#iD-operation-' + operation.id)
-                               .iconClass('operation disabled')
-                               .text(operation.tooltip)();
-                       }
-                   } else {
-                       if (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' ||
-                           lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
-                           context.ui().flash
-                               .duration(2000)
-                               .iconName('#iD-operation-' + operation.id)
-                               .iconClass('operation')
-                               .text(operation.annotation() || operation.title)();
-                       }
+         return function (selection) {
+           if (!osm) return;
+           wrap = selection;
+           update();
+           osm.on('loaded.contributors', debouncedUpdate);
+           context.map().on('move.contributors', debouncedUpdate);
+         };
+       }
 
-                       operation();
-                       editMenu.close();
-                   }
-                   lastPointerUpType = null;
-               }
+       var _popoverID = 0;
+       function uiPopover(klass) {
+         var _id = _popoverID++;
 
-               dispatch$1.call('toggled', this, true);
-           };
+         var _anchorSelection = select(null);
 
-           function updatePosition() {
+         var popover = function popover(selection) {
+           _anchorSelection = selection;
+           selection.each(setup);
+         };
 
-               if (!_menu || _menu.empty()) return;
+         var _animation = utilFunctor(false);
 
-               var anchorLoc = context.projection(_anchorLocLonLat);
+         var _placement = utilFunctor('top'); // top, bottom, left, right
 
-               var viewport = context.surfaceRect();
 
-               if (anchorLoc[0] < 0 ||
-                   anchorLoc[0] > viewport.width ||
-                   anchorLoc[1] < 0 ||
-                   anchorLoc[1] > viewport.height) {
-                   // close the menu if it's gone offscreen
+         var _alignment = utilFunctor('center'); // leading, center, trailing
 
-                   editMenu.close();
-                   return;
-               }
 
-               var menuLeft = displayOnLeft(viewport);
+         var _scrollContainer = utilFunctor(select(null));
 
-               var offset = [0, 0];
+         var _content;
 
-               offset[0] = menuLeft ? -1 * (_menuSideMargin + _menuWidth) : _menuSideMargin;
+         var _displayType = utilFunctor('');
 
-               if (_menuTop) {
-                   if (anchorLoc[1] - _menuHeight < _vpTopMargin) {
-                       // menu is near top viewport edge, shift downward
-                       offset[1] = -anchorLoc[1] + _vpTopMargin;
-                   } else {
-                       offset[1] = -_menuHeight;
-                   }
-               } else {
-                   if (anchorLoc[1] + _menuHeight > (viewport.height - _vpBottomMargin)) {
-                       // menu is near bottom viewport edge, shift upwards
-                       offset[1] = -anchorLoc[1] - _menuHeight + viewport.height - _vpBottomMargin;
-                   } else {
-                       offset[1] = 0;
-                   }
-               }
+         var _hasArrow = utilFunctor(true); // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
-               var origin = geoVecAdd(anchorLoc, offset);
 
-               _menu
-                   .style('left', origin[0] + 'px')
-                   .style('top', origin[1] + 'px');
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-               var tooltipSide = tooltipPosition(viewport, menuLeft);
-               _tooltips.forEach(function(tooltip) {
-                   tooltip.placement(tooltipSide);
-               });
+         popover.displayType = function (val) {
+           if (arguments.length) {
+             _displayType = utilFunctor(val);
+             return popover;
+           } else {
+             return _displayType;
+           }
+         };
 
-               function displayOnLeft(viewport) {
-                   if (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr') {
-                       if ((anchorLoc[0] + _menuSideMargin + _menuWidth) > (viewport.width - _vpSideMargin)) {
-                           // right menu would be too close to the right viewport edge, go left
-                           return true;
-                       }
-                       // prefer right menu
-                       return false;
+         popover.hasArrow = function (val) {
+           if (arguments.length) {
+             _hasArrow = utilFunctor(val);
+             return popover;
+           } else {
+             return _hasArrow;
+           }
+         };
 
-                   } else { // rtl
-                       if ((anchorLoc[0] - _menuSideMargin - _menuWidth) < _vpSideMargin) {
-                           // left menu would be too close to the left viewport edge, go right
-                           return false;
-                       }
-                       // prefer left menu
-                       return true;
-                   }
-               }
+         popover.placement = function (val) {
+           if (arguments.length) {
+             _placement = utilFunctor(val);
+             return popover;
+           } else {
+             return _placement;
+           }
+         };
 
-               function tooltipPosition(viewport, menuLeft) {
-                   if (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr') {
-                       if (menuLeft) {
-                           // if there's not room for a right-side menu then there definitely
-                           // isn't room for right-side tooltips
-                           return 'left';
-                       }
-                       if ((anchorLoc[0] + _menuSideMargin + _menuWidth + _tooltipWidth) > (viewport.width - _vpSideMargin)) {
-                           // right tooltips would be too close to the right viewport edge, go left
-                           return 'left';
-                       }
-                       // prefer right tooltips
-                       return 'right';
+         popover.alignment = function (val) {
+           if (arguments.length) {
+             _alignment = utilFunctor(val);
+             return popover;
+           } else {
+             return _alignment;
+           }
+         };
 
-                   } else { // rtl
-                       if (!menuLeft) {
-                           return 'right';
-                       }
-                       if ((anchorLoc[0] - _menuSideMargin - _menuWidth - _tooltipWidth) < _vpSideMargin) {
-                           // left tooltips would be too close to the left viewport edge, go right
-                           return 'right';
-                       }
-                       // prefer left tooltips
-                       return 'left';
-                   }
-               }
+         popover.scrollContainer = function (val) {
+           if (arguments.length) {
+             _scrollContainer = utilFunctor(val);
+             return popover;
+           } else {
+             return _scrollContainer;
            }
+         };
 
-           editMenu.close = function () {
+         popover.content = function (val) {
+           if (arguments.length) {
+             _content = val;
+             return popover;
+           } else {
+             return _content;
+           }
+         };
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('move.edit-menu', null)
-                   .on('drawn.edit-menu', null);
+         popover.isShown = function () {
+           var popoverSelection = _anchorSelection.select('.popover-' + _id);
 
-               _menu.remove();
-               _tooltips = [];
+           return !popoverSelection.empty() && popoverSelection.classed('in');
+         };
 
-               dispatch$1.call('toggled', this, false);
-           };
+         popover.show = function () {
+           _anchorSelection.each(show);
+         };
 
-           editMenu.anchorLoc = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _anchorLoc;
-               _anchorLoc = val;
-               _anchorLocLonLat = context.projection.invert(_anchorLoc);
-               return editMenu;
-           };
+         popover.updateContent = function () {
+           _anchorSelection.each(updateContent);
+         };
 
-           editMenu.triggerType = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _triggerType;
-               _triggerType = val;
-               return editMenu;
-           };
+         popover.hide = function () {
+           _anchorSelection.each(hide);
+         };
 
-           editMenu.operations = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _operations;
-               _operations = val;
-               return editMenu;
-           };
+         popover.toggle = function () {
+           _anchorSelection.each(toggle);
+         };
 
-           return utilRebind(editMenu, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+         popover.destroy = function (selection, selector) {
+           // by default, just destroy the current popover
+           selector = selector || '.popover-' + _id;
+           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'enter.popover', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'leave.popover', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.popover', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.popover', null).on('click.popover', null).attr('title', function () {
+             return this.getAttribute('data-original-title') || this.getAttribute('title');
+           }).attr('data-original-title', null).selectAll(selector).remove();
+         };
 
-       function uiFeatureInfo(context) {
-           function update(selection) {
-               var features = context.features();
-               var stats = features.stats();
-               var count = 0;
-               var hiddenList = features.hidden().map(function(k) {
-                   if (stats[k]) {
-                       count += stats[k];
-                       return String(stats[k]) + ' ' + _t('feature.' + k + '.description');
-                   }
-               }).filter(Boolean);
+         popover.destroyAny = function (selection) {
+           selection.call(popover.destroy, '.popover');
+         };
 
-               selection.html('');
+         function setup() {
+           var anchor = select(this);
 
-               if (hiddenList.length) {
-                   var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip()
-                       .placement('top')
-                       .title(function() {
-                           return hiddenList.join('<br/>');
-                       });
+           var animate = _animation.apply(this, arguments);
 
-                   selection.append('a')
-                       .attr('class', 'chip')
-                       .attr('href', '#')
-                       .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                       .html(_t('feature_info.hidden_warning', { count: count }))
-                       .call(tooltipBehavior)
-                       .on('click', function() {
-                           tooltipBehavior.hide();
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                           // open the Map Data pane
-                           context.ui().togglePanes(context.container().select('.map-panes .map-data-pane'));
-                       });
-               }
+           var popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id).data([0]);
+           var enter = popoverSelection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'popover popover-' + _id + ' ' + (klass ? klass : '')).classed('arrowed', _hasArrow.apply(this, arguments));
+           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'popover-arrow');
+           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'popover-inner');
+           popoverSelection = enter.merge(popoverSelection);
 
-               selection
-                   .classed('hide', !hiddenList.length);
+           if (animate) {
+             popoverSelection.classed('fade', true);
            }
 
+           var display = _displayType.apply(this, arguments);
 
-           return function(selection) {
-               update(selection);
+           if (display === 'hover') {
+             var _lastNonMouseEnterTime;
 
-               context.features().on('change.feature_info', function() {
-                   update(selection);
+             anchor.on(_pointerPrefix + 'enter.popover', function (d3_event) {
+               if (d3_event.pointerType) {
+                 if (d3_event.pointerType !== 'mouse') {
+                   _lastNonMouseEnterTime = d3_event.timeStamp; // only allow hover behavior for mouse input
+
+                   return;
+                 } else if (_lastNonMouseEnterTime && d3_event.timeStamp - _lastNonMouseEnterTime < 1500) {
+                   // HACK: iOS 13.4 sends an erroneous `mouse` type pointerenter
+                   // event for non-mouse interactions right after sending
+                   // the correct type pointerenter event. Workaround by discarding
+                   // any mouse event that occurs immediately after a non-mouse event.
+                   return;
+                 }
+               } // don't show if buttons are pressed, e.g. during click and drag of map
+
+
+               if (d3_event.buttons !== 0) return;
+               show.apply(this, arguments);
+             }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'leave.popover', function () {
+               hide.apply(this, arguments);
+             }) // show on focus too for better keyboard navigation support
+             .on('focus.popover', function () {
+               show.apply(this, arguments);
+             }).on('blur.popover', function () {
+               hide.apply(this, arguments);
+             });
+           } else if (display === 'clickFocus') {
+             anchor.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.popover', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.popover', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             }).on('click.popover', toggle);
+             popoverSelection // This attribute lets the popover take focus
+             .attr('tabindex', 0).on('blur.popover', function () {
+               anchor.each(function () {
+                 hide.apply(this, arguments);
                });
-           };
-       }
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-       function uiFlash(context) {
-           var _flashTimer;
+         function show() {
+           var anchor = select(this);
+           var popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id);
 
-           var _duration = 2000;
-           var _iconName = '#iD-icon-no';
-           var _iconClass = 'disabled';
-           var _text = '';
-           var _textClass;
+           if (popoverSelection.empty()) {
+             // popover was removed somehow, put it back
+             anchor.call(popover.destroy);
+             anchor.each(setup);
+             popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id);
+           }
 
-           function flash() {
-               if (_flashTimer) {
-                   _flashTimer.stop();
-               }
+           popoverSelection.classed('in', true);
 
-               context.container().select('.main-footer-wrap')
-                   .classed('footer-hide', true)
-                   .classed('footer-show', false);
-               context.container().select('.flash-wrap')
-                   .classed('footer-hide', false)
-                   .classed('footer-show', true);
+           var displayType = _displayType.apply(this, arguments);
 
-               var content = context.container().select('.flash-wrap').selectAll('.flash-content')
-                   .data([0]);
+           if (displayType === 'clickFocus') {
+             anchor.classed('active', true);
+             popoverSelection.node().focus();
+           }
 
-               // Enter
-               var contentEnter = content.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'flash-content');
+           anchor.each(updateContent);
+         }
 
-               var iconEnter = contentEnter
-                   .append('svg')
-                   .attr('class', 'flash-icon icon')
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('transform', 'translate(10,10)');
+         function updateContent() {
+           var anchor = select(this);
 
-               iconEnter
-                   .append('circle')
-                   .attr('r', 9);
+           if (_content) {
+             anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id + ' > .popover-inner').call(_content.apply(this, arguments));
+           }
 
-               iconEnter
-                   .append('use')
-                   .attr('transform', 'translate(-7,-7)')
-                   .attr('width', '14')
-                   .attr('height', '14');
+           updatePosition.apply(this, arguments); // hack: update multiple times to fix instances where the absolute offset is
+           // set before the dynamic popover size is calculated by the browser
 
-               contentEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'flash-text');
+           updatePosition.apply(this, arguments);
+           updatePosition.apply(this, arguments);
+         }
 
+         function updatePosition() {
+           var anchor = select(this);
+           var popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id);
 
-               // Update
-               content = content
-                   .merge(contentEnter);
+           var scrollContainer = _scrollContainer && _scrollContainer.apply(this, arguments);
 
-               content
-                   .selectAll('.flash-icon')
-                   .attr('class', 'icon flash-icon ' + (_iconClass || ''));
+           var scrollNode = scrollContainer && !scrollContainer.empty() && scrollContainer.node();
+           var scrollLeft = scrollNode ? scrollNode.scrollLeft : 0;
+           var scrollTop = scrollNode ? scrollNode.scrollTop : 0;
 
-               content
-                   .selectAll('.flash-icon use')
-                   .attr('xlink:href', _iconName);
+           var placement = _placement.apply(this, arguments);
 
-               content
-                   .selectAll('.flash-text')
-                   .attr('class', 'flash-text ' + (_textClass || ''))
-                   .text(_text);
+           popoverSelection.classed('left', false).classed('right', false).classed('top', false).classed('bottom', false).classed(placement, true);
 
+           var alignment = _alignment.apply(this, arguments);
 
-               _flashTimer = d3_timeout(function() {
-                   _flashTimer = null;
-                   context.container().select('.main-footer-wrap')
-                       .classed('footer-hide', false)
-                       .classed('footer-show', true);
-                   context.container().select('.flash-wrap')
-                       .classed('footer-hide', true)
-                       .classed('footer-show', false);
-               }, _duration);
+           var alignFactor = 0.5;
 
-               return content;
+           if (alignment === 'leading') {
+             alignFactor = 0;
+           } else if (alignment === 'trailing') {
+             alignFactor = 1;
            }
 
+           var anchorFrame = getFrame(anchor.node());
+           var popoverFrame = getFrame(popoverSelection.node());
+           var position;
 
-           flash.duration = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _duration;
-               _duration = _;
-               return flash;
-           };
-
-           flash.text = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _text;
-               _text = _;
-               return flash;
-           };
-
-           flash.textClass = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _textClass;
-               _textClass = _;
-               return flash;
-           };
-
-           flash.iconName = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _iconName;
-               _iconName = _;
-               return flash;
-           };
-
-           flash.iconClass = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _iconClass;
-               _iconClass = _;
-               return flash;
-           };
-
-           return flash;
-       }
+           switch (placement) {
+             case 'top':
+               position = {
+                 x: anchorFrame.x + (anchorFrame.w - popoverFrame.w) * alignFactor,
+                 y: anchorFrame.y - popoverFrame.h
+               };
+               break;
 
-       function uiFullScreen(context) {
-           var element = context.container().node();
-           // var button = d3_select(null);
+             case 'bottom':
+               position = {
+                 x: anchorFrame.x + (anchorFrame.w - popoverFrame.w) * alignFactor,
+                 y: anchorFrame.y + anchorFrame.h
+               };
+               break;
 
+             case 'left':
+               position = {
+                 x: anchorFrame.x - popoverFrame.w,
+                 y: anchorFrame.y + (anchorFrame.h - popoverFrame.h) * alignFactor
+               };
+               break;
 
-           function getFullScreenFn() {
-               if (element.requestFullscreen) {
-                   return element.requestFullscreen;
-               } else if (element.msRequestFullscreen) {
-                   return element.msRequestFullscreen;
-               } else if (element.mozRequestFullScreen) {
-                   return element.mozRequestFullScreen;
-               } else if (element.webkitRequestFullscreen) {
-                   return element.webkitRequestFullscreen;
-               }
+             case 'right':
+               position = {
+                 x: anchorFrame.x + anchorFrame.w,
+                 y: anchorFrame.y + (anchorFrame.h - popoverFrame.h) * alignFactor
+               };
+               break;
            }
 
+           if (position) {
+             if (scrollNode && (placement === 'top' || placement === 'bottom')) {
+               var initialPosX = position.x;
 
-           function getExitFullScreenFn() {
-               if (document.exitFullscreen) {
-                   return document.exitFullscreen;
-               } else if (document.msExitFullscreen) {
-                   return document.msExitFullscreen;
-               } else if (document.mozCancelFullScreen) {
-                   return document.mozCancelFullScreen;
-               } else if (document.webkitExitFullscreen) {
-                   return document.webkitExitFullscreen;
+               if (position.x + popoverFrame.w > scrollNode.offsetWidth - 10) {
+                 position.x = scrollNode.offsetWidth - 10 - popoverFrame.w;
+               } else if (position.x < 10) {
+                 position.x = 10;
                }
-           }
 
+               var arrow = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id + ' > .popover-arrow'); // keep the arrow centered on the button, or as close as possible
 
-           function isFullScreen() {
-               return document.fullscreenElement ||
-                   document.mozFullScreenElement ||
-                   document.webkitFullscreenElement ||
-                   document.msFullscreenElement;
-           }
-
+               var arrowPosX = Math.min(Math.max(popoverFrame.w / 2 - (position.x - initialPosX), 10), popoverFrame.w - 10);
+               arrow.style('left', ~~arrowPosX + 'px');
+             }
 
-           function isSupported() {
-               return !!getFullScreenFn();
+             popoverSelection.style('left', ~~position.x + 'px').style('top', ~~position.y + 'px');
+           } else {
+             popoverSelection.style('left', null).style('top', null);
            }
 
+           function getFrame(node) {
+             var positionStyle = select(node).style('position');
 
-           function fullScreen() {
-               event.preventDefault();
-               if (!isFullScreen()) {
-                   // button.classed('active', true);
-                   getFullScreenFn().apply(element);
-               } else {
-                   // button.classed('active', false);
-                   getExitFullScreenFn().apply(document);
-               }
+             if (positionStyle === 'absolute' || positionStyle === 'static') {
+               return {
+                 x: node.offsetLeft - scrollLeft,
+                 y: node.offsetTop - scrollTop,
+                 w: node.offsetWidth,
+                 h: node.offsetHeight
+               };
+             } else {
+               return {
+                 x: 0,
+                 y: 0,
+                 w: node.offsetWidth,
+                 h: node.offsetHeight
+               };
+             }
            }
+         }
 
+         function hide() {
+           var anchor = select(this);
 
-           return function() { // selection) {
-               if (!isSupported()) return;
+           if (_displayType.apply(this, arguments) === 'clickFocus') {
+             anchor.classed('active', false);
+           }
 
-               // button = selection.append('button')
-               //     .attr('title', t('full_screen'))
-               //     .attr('tabindex', -1)
-               //     .on('click', fullScreen)
-               //     .call(tooltip);
+           anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id).classed('in', false);
+         }
 
-               // button.append('span')
-               //     .attr('class', 'icon full-screen');
+         function toggle() {
+           if (select(this).select('.popover-' + _id).classed('in')) {
+             hide.apply(this, arguments);
+           } else {
+             show.apply(this, arguments);
+           }
+         }
 
-               var detected = utilDetect();
-               var keys = (detected.os === 'mac' ? [uiCmd('⌃⌘F'), 'f11'] : ['f11']);
-               context.keybinding().on(keys, fullScreen);
-           };
+         return popover;
        }
 
-       function uiGeolocate(context) {
-           var _geolocationOptions = {
-               // prioritize speed and power usage over precision
-               enableHighAccuracy: false,
-               // don't hang indefinitely getting the location
-               timeout: 6000 // 6sec
-           };
-           var _locating = uiLoading(context).message(_t('geolocate.locating')).blocking(true);
-           var _layer = context.layers().layer('geolocate');
-           var _position;
-           var _extent;
-           var _timeoutID;
-           var _button = select(null);
-
-           function click() {
-               if (context.inIntro()) return;
-               if (!_layer.enabled() && !_locating.isShown()) {
+       function uiTooltip(klass) {
+         var tooltip = uiPopover((klass || '') + ' tooltip').displayType('hover');
 
-                   // This timeout ensures that we still call finish() even if
-                   // the user declines to share their location in Firefox
-                   _timeoutID = setTimeout(error, 10000 /* 10sec */ );
+         var _title = function _title() {
+           var title = this.getAttribute('data-original-title');
 
-                   context.container().call(_locating);
-                   // get the latest position even if we already have one
-                   navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(success, error, _geolocationOptions);
-               } else {
-                   _locating.close();
-                   _layer.enabled(null, false);
-                   updateButtonState();
-               }
+           if (title) {
+             return title;
+           } else {
+             title = this.getAttribute('title');
+             this.removeAttribute('title');
+             this.setAttribute('data-original-title', title);
            }
 
-           function zoomTo() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           return title;
+         };
 
-               var map = context.map();
-               _layer.enabled(_position, true);
-               updateButtonState();
-               map.centerZoomEase(_extent.center(), Math.min(20, map.extentZoom(_extent)));
-           }
+         var _heading = utilFunctor(null);
 
-           function success(geolocation) {
-               _position = geolocation;
-               var coords = _position.coords;
-               _extent = geoExtent([coords.longitude, coords.latitude]).padByMeters(coords.accuracy);
-               zoomTo();
-               finish();
-           }
+         var _keys = utilFunctor(null);
 
-           function error() {
-               if (_position) {
-                   // use the position from a previous call if we have one
-                   zoomTo();
-               } else {
-                   context.ui().flash
-                       .text(_t('geolocate.location_unavailable'))
-                       .iconName('#iD-icon-geolocate')();
-               }
+         tooltip.title = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _title;
+           _title = utilFunctor(val);
+           return tooltip;
+         };
 
-               finish();
-           }
+         tooltip.heading = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _heading;
+           _heading = utilFunctor(val);
+           return tooltip;
+         };
 
-           function finish() {
-               _locating.close();  // unblock ui
-               if (_timeoutID) { clearTimeout(_timeoutID); }
-               _timeoutID = undefined;
-           }
+         tooltip.keys = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _keys;
+           _keys = utilFunctor(val);
+           return tooltip;
+         };
 
-           function updateButtonState() {
-               _button.classed('active', _layer.enabled());
-           }
+         tooltip.content(function () {
+           var heading = _heading.apply(this, arguments);
 
-           return function(selection) {
-               if (!navigator.geolocation || !navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition) return;
+           var text = _title.apply(this, arguments);
 
-               _button = selection
-                   .append('button')
-                   .on('click', click)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-geolocate', 'light'))
-                   .call(uiTooltip()
-                       .placement((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'right' : 'left')
-                       .title(_t('geolocate.title'))
-                       .keys([_t('geolocate.key')])
-                   );
+           var keys = _keys.apply(this, arguments);
 
-               context.keybinding().on(_t('geolocate.key'), click);
+           return function (selection) {
+             var headingSelect = selection.selectAll('.tooltip-heading').data(heading ? [heading] : []);
+             headingSelect.exit().remove();
+             headingSelect.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'tooltip-heading').merge(headingSelect).html(heading);
+             var textSelect = selection.selectAll('.tooltip-text').data(text ? [text] : []);
+             textSelect.exit().remove();
+             textSelect.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'tooltip-text').merge(textSelect).html(text);
+             var keyhintWrap = selection.selectAll('.keyhint-wrap').data(keys && keys.length ? [0] : []);
+             keyhintWrap.exit().remove();
+             var keyhintWrapEnter = keyhintWrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'keyhint-wrap');
+             keyhintWrapEnter.append('span').call(_t.append('tooltip_keyhint'));
+             keyhintWrap = keyhintWrapEnter.merge(keyhintWrap);
+             keyhintWrap.selectAll('kbd.shortcut').data(keys && keys.length ? keys : []).enter().append('kbd').attr('class', 'shortcut').html(function (d) {
+               return d;
+             });
            };
+         });
+         return tooltip;
        }
 
-       function uiPanelBackground(context) {
-           var background = context.background();
-           var currSourceName = null;
-           var metadata = {};
-           var metadataKeys = [
-               'zoom', 'vintage', 'source', 'description', 'resolution', 'accuracy'
-           ];
+       function uiEditMenu(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('toggled');
 
-           var debouncedRedraw = debounce(redraw, 250);
+         var _menu = select(null);
 
-           function redraw(selection) {
-               var source = background.baseLayerSource();
-               if (!source) return;
+         var _operations = []; // the position the menu should be displayed relative to
 
-               var isDG = (source.id.match(/^DigitalGlobe/i) !== null);
+         var _anchorLoc = [0, 0];
+         var _anchorLocLonLat = [0, 0]; // a string indicating how the menu was opened
 
-               if (currSourceName !== source.name()) {
-                   currSourceName = source.name();
-                   metadata = {};
-               }
+         var _triggerType = '';
+         var _vpTopMargin = 85; // viewport top margin
 
-               selection.html('');
+         var _vpBottomMargin = 45; // viewport bottom margin
 
-               var list = selection
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'background-info');
-
-               list
-                   .append('li')
-                   .text(currSourceName);
-
-               metadataKeys.forEach(function(k) {
-                   // DigitalGlobe vintage is available in raster layers for now.
-                   if (isDG && k === 'vintage') return;
-
-                   list
-                       .append('li')
-                       .attr('class', 'background-info-list-' + k)
-                       .classed('hide', !metadata[k])
-                       .text(_t('info_panels.background.' + k) + ':')
-                       .append('span')
-                       .attr('class', 'background-info-span-' + k)
-                       .text(metadata[k]);
-               });
+         var _vpSideMargin = 35; // viewport side margin
 
-               debouncedGetMetadata(selection);
+         var _menuTop = false;
 
-               var toggleTiles = context.getDebug('tile') ? 'hide_tiles' : 'show_tiles';
+         var _menuHeight;
 
-               selection
-                   .append('a')
-                   .text(_t('info_panels.background.' + toggleTiles))
-                   .attr('href', '#')
-                   .attr('class', 'button button-toggle-tiles')
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       context.setDebug('tile', !context.getDebug('tile'));
-                       selection.call(redraw);
-                   });
+         var _menuWidth; // hardcode these values to make menu positioning easier
 
-               if (isDG) {
-                   var key = source.id + '-vintage';
-                   var sourceVintage = context.background().findSource(key);
-                   var showsVintage = context.background().showsLayer(sourceVintage);
-                   var toggleVintage = showsVintage ? 'hide_vintage' : 'show_vintage';
-                   selection
-                       .append('a')
-                       .text(_t('info_panels.background.' + toggleVintage))
-                       .attr('href', '#')
-                       .attr('class', 'button button-toggle-vintage')
-                       .on('click', function() {
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                           context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(sourceVintage);
-                           selection.call(redraw);
-                       });
-               }
 
-               // disable if necessary
-               ['DigitalGlobe-Premium', 'DigitalGlobe-Standard'].forEach(function(layerId) {
-                   if (source.id !== layerId) {
-                       var key = layerId + '-vintage';
-                       var sourceVintage = context.background().findSource(key);
-                       if (context.background().showsLayer(sourceVintage)) {
-                           context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(sourceVintage);
-                       }
-                   }
-               });
-           }
+         var _verticalPadding = 4; // see also `.edit-menu .tooltip` CSS; include margin
 
+         var _tooltipWidth = 210; // offset the menu slightly from the target location
 
-           var debouncedGetMetadata = debounce(getMetadata, 250);
+         var _menuSideMargin = 10;
+         var _tooltips = [];
 
-           function getMetadata(selection) {
-               var tile = context.container().select('.layer-background img.tile-center');   // tile near viewport center
-               if (tile.empty()) return;
+         var editMenu = function editMenu(selection) {
+           var isTouchMenu = _triggerType.includes('touch') || _triggerType.includes('pen');
 
-               var sourceName = currSourceName;
-               var d = tile.datum();
-               var zoom = (d && d.length >= 3 && d[2]) || Math.floor(context.map().zoom());
-               var center = context.map().center();
+           var ops = _operations.filter(function (op) {
+             return !isTouchMenu || !op.mouseOnly;
+           });
 
-               // update zoom
-               metadata.zoom = String(zoom);
-               selection.selectAll('.background-info-list-zoom')
-                   .classed('hide', false)
-                   .selectAll('.background-info-span-zoom')
-                   .text(metadata.zoom);
-
-               if (!d || !d.length >= 3) return;
-
-               background.baseLayerSource().getMetadata(center, d, function(err, result) {
-                   if (err || currSourceName !== sourceName) return;
-
-                   // update vintage
-                   var vintage = result.vintage;
-                   metadata.vintage = (vintage && vintage.range) || _t('info_panels.background.unknown');
-                   selection.selectAll('.background-info-list-vintage')
-                       .classed('hide', false)
-                       .selectAll('.background-info-span-vintage')
-                       .text(metadata.vintage);
-
-                   // update other metdata
-                   metadataKeys.forEach(function(k) {
-                       if (k === 'zoom' || k === 'vintage') return;  // done already
-                       var val = result[k];
-                       metadata[k] = val;
-                       selection.selectAll('.background-info-list-' + k)
-                           .classed('hide', !val)
-                           .selectAll('.background-info-span-' + k)
-                           .text(val);
-                   });
-               });
+           if (!ops.length) return;
+           _tooltips = []; // Position the menu above the anchor for stylus and finger input
+           // since the mapper's hand likely obscures the screen below the anchor
+
+           _menuTop = isTouchMenu; // Show labels for touch input since there aren't hover tooltips
+
+           var showLabels = isTouchMenu;
+           var buttonHeight = showLabels ? 32 : 34;
+
+           if (showLabels) {
+             // Get a general idea of the width based on the length of the label
+             _menuWidth = 52 + Math.min(120, 6 * Math.max.apply(Math, ops.map(function (op) {
+               return op.title.length;
+             })));
+           } else {
+             _menuWidth = 44;
            }
 
+           _menuHeight = _verticalPadding * 2 + ops.length * buttonHeight;
+           _menu = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'edit-menu').classed('touch-menu', isTouchMenu).style('padding', _verticalPadding + 'px 0');
 
-           var panel = function(selection) {
-               selection.call(redraw);
+           var buttons = _menu.selectAll('.edit-menu-item').data(ops); // enter
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('drawn.info-background', function() {
-                       selection.call(debouncedRedraw);
-                   })
-                   .on('move.info-background', function() {
-                       selection.call(debouncedGetMetadata);
-                   });
 
-           };
+           var buttonsEnter = buttons.enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'edit-menu-item edit-menu-item-' + d.id;
+           }).style('height', buttonHeight + 'px').on('click', click) // don't listen for `mouseup` because we only care about non-mouse pointer types
+           .on('pointerup', pointerup).on('pointerdown mousedown', function pointerdown(d3_event) {
+             // don't let button presses also act as map input - #1869
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           }).on('mouseenter.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
+             if (!d.relatedEntityIds || select(this).classed('disabled')) return;
+             utilHighlightEntities(d.relatedEntityIds(), true, context);
+           }).on('mouseleave.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
+             if (!d.relatedEntityIds) return;
+             utilHighlightEntities(d.relatedEntityIds(), false, context);
+           });
+           buttonsEnter.each(function (d) {
+             var tooltip = uiTooltip().heading(d.title).title(d.tooltip()).keys([d.keys[0]]);
 
-           panel.off = function() {
-               context.map()
-                   .on('drawn.info-background', null)
-                   .on('move.info-background', null);
-           };
+             _tooltips.push(tooltip);
 
-           panel.id = 'background';
-           panel.title = _t('info_panels.background.title');
-           panel.key = _t('info_panels.background.key');
+             select(this).call(tooltip).append('div').attr('class', 'icon-wrap').call(svgIcon(d.icon && d.icon() || '#iD-operation-' + d.id, 'operation'));
+           });
 
+           if (showLabels) {
+             buttonsEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(function (d) {
+               return d.title;
+             });
+           } // update
 
-           return panel;
-       }
 
-       function uiPanelHistory(context) {
-           var osm;
+           buttonsEnter.merge(buttons).classed('disabled', function (d) {
+             return d.disabled();
+           });
+           updatePosition();
+           var initialScale = context.projection.scale();
+           context.map().on('move.edit-menu', function () {
+             if (initialScale !== context.projection.scale()) {
+               editMenu.close();
+             }
+           }).on('drawn.edit-menu', function (info) {
+             if (info.full) updatePosition();
+           });
+           var lastPointerUpType; // `pointerup` is always called before `click`
 
-           function displayTimestamp(timestamp) {
-               if (!timestamp) return _t('info_panels.history.unknown');
-               var options = {
-                   day: 'numeric', month: 'short', year: 'numeric',
-                   hour: 'numeric', minute: 'numeric', second: 'numeric'
-               };
-               var d = new Date(timestamp);
-               if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return _t('info_panels.history.unknown');
-               return d.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
+           function pointerup(d3_event) {
+             lastPointerUpType = d3_event.pointerType;
            }
 
+           function click(d3_event, operation) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
 
-           function displayUser(selection, userName) {
-               if (!userName) {
-                   selection
-                       .append('span')
-                       .text(_t('info_panels.history.unknown'));
-                   return;
+             if (operation.relatedEntityIds) {
+               utilHighlightEntities(operation.relatedEntityIds(), false, context);
+             }
+
+             if (operation.disabled()) {
+               if (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
+                 // there are no tooltips for touch interactions so flash feedback instead
+                 context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-operation-' + operation.id).iconClass('operation disabled').label(operation.tooltip)();
+               }
+             } else {
+               if (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
+                 context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#iD-operation-' + operation.id).iconClass('operation').label(operation.annotation() || operation.title)();
                }
 
-               selection
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'user-name')
-                   .text(userName);
+               operation();
+               editMenu.close();
+             }
 
-               var links = selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'links');
+             lastPointerUpType = null;
+           }
 
-               if (osm) {
-                   links
-                       .append('a')
-                       .attr('class', 'user-osm-link')
-                       .attr('href', osm.userURL(userName))
-                       .attr('target', '_blank')
-                       .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                       .text('OSM');
-               }
-
-               links
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'user-hdyc-link')
-                   .attr('href', 'https://hdyc.neis-one.org/?' + userName)
-                   .attr('target', '_blank')
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .text('HDYC');
-           }
-
-
-           function displayChangeset(selection, changeset) {
-               if (!changeset) {
-                   selection
-                       .append('span')
-                       .text(_t('info_panels.history.unknown'));
-                   return;
-               }
+           dispatch.call('toggled', this, true);
+         };
 
-               selection
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'changeset-id')
-                   .text(changeset);
+         function updatePosition() {
+           if (!_menu || _menu.empty()) return;
+           var anchorLoc = context.projection(_anchorLocLonLat);
+           var viewport = context.surfaceRect();
 
-               var links = selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'links');
+           if (anchorLoc[0] < 0 || anchorLoc[0] > viewport.width || anchorLoc[1] < 0 || anchorLoc[1] > viewport.height) {
+             // close the menu if it's gone offscreen
+             editMenu.close();
+             return;
+           }
 
-               if (osm) {
-                   links
-                       .append('a')
-                       .attr('class', 'changeset-osm-link')
-                       .attr('href', osm.changesetURL(changeset))
-                       .attr('target', '_blank')
-                       .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                       .text('OSM');
-               }
-
-               links
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'changeset-osmcha-link')
-                   .attr('href', 'https://osmcha.org/changesets/' + changeset)
-                   .attr('target', '_blank')
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .text('OSMCha');
-
-               links
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'changeset-achavi-link')
-                   .attr('href', 'https://overpass-api.de/achavi/?changeset=' + changeset)
-                   .attr('target', '_blank')
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .text('Achavi');
-           }
-
-
-           function redraw(selection) {
-               var selectedNoteID = context.selectedNoteID();
-               osm = context.connection();
-
-               var selected, note, entity;
-               if (selectedNoteID && osm) {       // selected 1 note
-                   selected = [ _t('note.note') + ' ' + selectedNoteID ];
-                   note = osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
-               } else {                           // selected 1..n entities
-                   selected = context.selectedIDs()
-                       .filter(function(e) { return context.hasEntity(e); });
-                   if (selected.length) {
-                       entity = context.entity(selected[0]);
-                   }
-               }
+           var menuLeft = displayOnLeft(viewport);
+           var offset = [0, 0];
+           offset[0] = menuLeft ? -1 * (_menuSideMargin + _menuWidth) : _menuSideMargin;
 
-               var singular = selected.length === 1 ? selected[0] : null;
+           if (_menuTop) {
+             if (anchorLoc[1] - _menuHeight < _vpTopMargin) {
+               // menu is near top viewport edge, shift downward
+               offset[1] = -anchorLoc[1] + _vpTopMargin;
+             } else {
+               offset[1] = -_menuHeight;
+             }
+           } else {
+             if (anchorLoc[1] + _menuHeight > viewport.height - _vpBottomMargin) {
+               // menu is near bottom viewport edge, shift upwards
+               offset[1] = -anchorLoc[1] - _menuHeight + viewport.height - _vpBottomMargin;
+             } else {
+               offset[1] = 0;
+             }
+           }
 
-               selection.html('');
+           var origin = geoVecAdd(anchorLoc, offset);
 
-               selection
-                   .append('h4')
-                   .attr('class', 'history-heading')
-                   .text(singular || _t('info_panels.history.selected', { n: selected.length }));
+           _menu.style('left', origin[0] + 'px').style('top', origin[1] + 'px');
 
-               if (!singular) return;
+           var tooltipSide = tooltipPosition(viewport, menuLeft);
 
-               if (entity) {
-                   selection.call(redrawEntity, entity);
-               } else if (note) {
-                   selection.call(redrawNote, note);
-               }
-           }
+           _tooltips.forEach(function (tooltip) {
+             tooltip.placement(tooltipSide);
+           });
 
+           function displayOnLeft(viewport) {
+             if (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr') {
+               if (anchorLoc[0] + _menuSideMargin + _menuWidth > viewport.width - _vpSideMargin) {
+                 // right menu would be too close to the right viewport edge, go left
+                 return true;
+               } // prefer right menu
 
-           function redrawNote(selection, note) {
-               if (!note || note.isNew()) {
-                   selection
-                       .append('div')
-                       .text(_t('info_panels.history.note_no_history'));
-                   return;
-               }
 
-               var list = selection
-                   .append('ul');
+               return false;
+             } else {
+               // rtl
+               if (anchorLoc[0] - _menuSideMargin - _menuWidth < _vpSideMargin) {
+                 // left menu would be too close to the left viewport edge, go right
+                 return false;
+               } // prefer left menu
 
-               list
-                   .append('li')
-                   .text(_t('info_panels.history.note_comments') + ':')
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(note.comments.length);
 
-               if (note.comments.length) {
-                   list
-                       .append('li')
-                       .text(_t('info_panels.history.note_created_date') + ':')
-                       .append('span')
-                       .text(displayTimestamp(note.comments[0].date));
+               return true;
+             }
+           }
 
-                   list
-                       .append('li')
-                       .text(_t('info_panels.history.note_created_user') + ':')
-                       .call(displayUser, note.comments[0].user);
+           function tooltipPosition(viewport, menuLeft) {
+             if (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr') {
+               if (menuLeft) {
+                 // if there's not room for a right-side menu then there definitely
+                 // isn't room for right-side tooltips
+                 return 'left';
                }
 
-               if (osm) {
-                   selection
-                       .append('a')
-                       .attr('class', 'view-history-on-osm')
-                       .attr('target', '_blank')
-                       .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                       .attr('href', osm.noteURL(note))
-                       .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
-                       .append('span')
-                       .text(_t('info_panels.history.note_link_text'));
-               }
-           }
+               if (anchorLoc[0] + _menuSideMargin + _menuWidth + _tooltipWidth > viewport.width - _vpSideMargin) {
+                 // right tooltips would be too close to the right viewport edge, go left
+                 return 'left';
+               } // prefer right tooltips
 
 
-           function redrawEntity(selection, entity) {
-               if (!entity || entity.isNew()) {
-                   selection
-                       .append('div')
-                       .text(_t('info_panels.history.no_history'));
-                   return;
+               return 'right';
+             } else {
+               // rtl
+               if (!menuLeft) {
+                 return 'right';
                }
 
-               var links = selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'links');
+               if (anchorLoc[0] - _menuSideMargin - _menuWidth - _tooltipWidth < _vpSideMargin) {
+                 // left tooltips would be too close to the left viewport edge, go right
+                 return 'right';
+               } // prefer left tooltips
 
-               if (osm) {
-                   links
-                       .append('a')
-                       .attr('class', 'view-history-on-osm')
-                       .attr('href', osm.historyURL(entity))
-                       .attr('target', '_blank')
-                       .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                       .attr('title', _t('info_panels.history.link_text'))
-                       .text('OSM');
-               }
-               links
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'pewu-history-viewer-link')
-                   .attr('href', 'https://pewu.github.io/osm-history/#/' + entity.type + '/' + entity.osmId())
-                   .attr('target', '_blank')
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .text('PeWu');
-
-               var list = selection
-                   .append('ul');
-
-               list
-                   .append('li')
-                   .text(_t('info_panels.history.version') + ':')
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(entity.version);
-
-               list
-                   .append('li')
-                   .text(_t('info_panels.history.last_edit') + ':')
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(displayTimestamp(entity.timestamp));
-
-               list
-                   .append('li')
-                   .text(_t('info_panels.history.edited_by') + ':')
-                   .call(displayUser, entity.user);
-
-               list
-                   .append('li')
-                   .text(_t('info_panels.history.changeset') + ':')
-                   .call(displayChangeset, entity.changeset);
-           }
-
-
-           var panel = function(selection) {
-               selection.call(redraw);
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('drawn.info-history', function() {
-                       selection.call(redraw);
-                   });
+               return 'left';
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-               context
-                   .on('enter.info-history', function() {
-                       selection.call(redraw);
-                   });
-           };
+         editMenu.close = function () {
+           context.map().on('move.edit-menu', null).on('drawn.edit-menu', null);
 
-           panel.off = function() {
-               context.map().on('drawn.info-history', null);
-               context.on('enter.info-history', null);
-           };
+           _menu.remove();
+
+           _tooltips = [];
+           dispatch.call('toggled', this, false);
+         };
 
-           panel.id = 'history';
-           panel.title = _t('info_panels.history.title');
-           panel.key = _t('info_panels.history.key');
+         editMenu.anchorLoc = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _anchorLoc;
+           _anchorLoc = val;
+           _anchorLocLonLat = context.projection.invert(_anchorLoc);
+           return editMenu;
+         };
+
+         editMenu.triggerType = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _triggerType;
+           _triggerType = val;
+           return editMenu;
+         };
 
+         editMenu.operations = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _operations;
+           _operations = val;
+           return editMenu;
+         };
 
-           return panel;
+         return utilRebind(editMenu, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       var OSM_PRECISION = 7;
+       function uiFeatureInfo(context) {
+         function update(selection) {
+           var features = context.features();
+           var stats = features.stats();
+           var count = 0;
+           var hiddenList = features.hidden().map(function (k) {
+             if (stats[k]) {
+               count += stats[k];
+               return _t.html('inspector.title_count', {
+                 title: {
+                   html: _t.html('feature.' + k + '.description')
+                 },
+                 count: stats[k]
+               });
+             }
 
-       /**
-        * Returns a localized representation of the given length measurement.
-        *
-        * @param {Number} m area in meters
-        * @param {Boolean} isImperial true for U.S. customary units; false for metric
-        */
-       function displayLength(m, isImperial) {
-           var d = m * (isImperial ? 3.28084 : 1);
-           var unit;
+             return null;
+           }).filter(Boolean);
+           selection.html('');
 
-           if (isImperial) {
-               if (d >= 5280) {
-                   d /= 5280;
-                   unit = 'miles';
-               } else {
-                   unit = 'feet';
-               }
-           } else {
-               if (d >= 1000) {
-                   d /= 1000;
-                   unit = 'kilometers';
-               } else {
-                   unit = 'meters';
-               }
+           if (hiddenList.length) {
+             var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement('top').title(function () {
+               return hiddenList.join('<br/>');
+             });
+             selection.append('a').attr('class', 'chip').attr('href', '#').call(_t.append('feature_info.hidden_warning', {
+               count: count
+             })).call(tooltipBehavior).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               tooltipBehavior.hide();
+               d3_event.preventDefault(); // open the Map Data pane
+
+               context.ui().togglePanes(context.container().select('.map-panes .map-data-pane'));
+             });
            }
 
-           return _t('units.' + unit, {
-               quantity: d.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), {
-                   maximumSignificantDigits: 4
-               })
+           selection.classed('hide', !hiddenList.length);
+         }
+
+         return function (selection) {
+           update(selection);
+           context.features().on('change.feature_info', function () {
+             update(selection);
            });
+         };
        }
 
-       /**
-        * Returns a localized representation of the given area measurement.
-        *
-        * @param {Number} m2 area in square meters
-        * @param {Boolean} isImperial true for U.S. customary units; false for metric
-        */
-       function displayArea(m2, isImperial) {
-           var locale = _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
-           var d = m2 * (isImperial ? 10.7639111056 : 1);
-           var d1, d2, area;
-           var unit1 = '';
-           var unit2 = '';
+       function uiFlash(context) {
+         var _flashTimer;
+
+         var _duration = 2000;
+         var _iconName = '#iD-icon-no';
+         var _iconClass = 'disabled';
+         var _label = '';
+
+         function flash() {
+           if (_flashTimer) {
+             _flashTimer.stop();
+           }
+
+           context.container().select('.main-footer-wrap').classed('footer-hide', true).classed('footer-show', false);
+           context.container().select('.flash-wrap').classed('footer-hide', false).classed('footer-show', true);
+           var content = context.container().select('.flash-wrap').selectAll('.flash-content').data([0]); // Enter
+
+           var contentEnter = content.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'flash-content');
+           var iconEnter = contentEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'flash-icon icon').append('g').attr('transform', 'translate(10,10)');
+           iconEnter.append('circle').attr('r', 9);
+           iconEnter.append('use').attr('transform', 'translate(-7,-7)').attr('width', '14').attr('height', '14');
+           contentEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'flash-text'); // Update
+
+           content = content.merge(contentEnter);
+           content.selectAll('.flash-icon').attr('class', 'icon flash-icon ' + (_iconClass || ''));
+           content.selectAll('.flash-icon use').attr('xlink:href', _iconName);
+           content.selectAll('.flash-text').attr('class', 'flash-text').html(_label);
+           _flashTimer = d3_timeout(function () {
+             _flashTimer = null;
+             context.container().select('.main-footer-wrap').classed('footer-hide', false).classed('footer-show', true);
+             context.container().select('.flash-wrap').classed('footer-hide', true).classed('footer-show', false);
+           }, _duration);
+           return content;
+         }
+
+         flash.duration = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _duration;
+           _duration = _;
+           return flash;
+         };
 
-           if (isImperial) {
-               if (d >= 6969600) { // > 0.25mi² show mi²
-                   d1 = d / 27878400;
-                   unit1 = 'square_miles';
-               } else {
-                   d1 = d;
-                   unit1 = 'square_feet';
-               }
+         flash.label = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _label;
+           _label = _;
+           return flash;
+         };
 
-               if (d > 4356 && d < 43560000) { // 0.1 - 1000 acres
-                   d2 = d / 43560;
-                   unit2 = 'acres';
-               }
+         flash.iconName = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _iconName;
+           _iconName = _;
+           return flash;
+         };
 
-           } else {
-               if (d >= 250000) { // > 0.25km² show km²
-                   d1 = d / 1000000;
-                   unit1 = 'square_kilometers';
-               } else {
-                   d1 = d;
-                   unit1 = 'square_meters';
-               }
+         flash.iconClass = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _iconClass;
+           _iconClass = _;
+           return flash;
+         };
 
-               if (d > 1000 && d < 10000000) { // 0.1 - 1000 hectares
-                   d2 = d / 10000;
-                   unit2 = 'hectares';
-               }
-           }
+         return flash;
+       }
 
-           area = _t('units.' + unit1, {
-               quantity: d1.toLocaleString(locale, {
-                   maximumSignificantDigits: 4
-               })
-           });
+       function uiFullScreen(context) {
+         var element = context.container().node(); // var button = d3_select(null);
 
-           if (d2) {
-               return _t('units.area_pair', {
-                   area1: area,
-                   area2: _t('units.' + unit2, {
-                       quantity: d2.toLocaleString(locale, {
-                           maximumSignificantDigits: 2
-                       })
-                   })
-               });
-           } else {
-               return area;
+         function getFullScreenFn() {
+           if (element.requestFullscreen) {
+             return element.requestFullscreen;
+           } else if (element.msRequestFullscreen) {
+             return element.msRequestFullscreen;
+           } else if (element.mozRequestFullScreen) {
+             return element.mozRequestFullScreen;
+           } else if (element.webkitRequestFullscreen) {
+             return element.webkitRequestFullscreen;
            }
-       }
+         }
 
-       function wrap(x, min, max) {
-           var d = max - min;
-           return ((x - min) % d + d) % d + min;
-       }
+         function getExitFullScreenFn() {
+           if (document.exitFullscreen) {
+             return document.exitFullscreen;
+           } else if (document.msExitFullscreen) {
+             return document.msExitFullscreen;
+           } else if (document.mozCancelFullScreen) {
+             return document.mozCancelFullScreen;
+           } else if (document.webkitExitFullscreen) {
+             return document.webkitExitFullscreen;
+           }
+         }
 
-       function clamp$1(x, min, max) {
-           return Math.max(min, Math.min(x, max));
-       }
+         function isFullScreen() {
+           return document.fullscreenElement || document.mozFullScreenElement || document.webkitFullscreenElement || document.msFullscreenElement;
+         }
 
-       function displayCoordinate(deg, pos, neg) {
-           var locale = _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
-           var min = (Math.abs(deg) - Math.floor(Math.abs(deg))) * 60;
-           var sec = (min - Math.floor(min)) * 60;
-           var displayDegrees = _t('units.arcdegrees', {
-               quantity: Math.floor(Math.abs(deg)).toLocaleString(locale)
-           });
-           var displayCoordinate;
-
-           if (Math.floor(sec) > 0) {
-               displayCoordinate = displayDegrees +
-                   _t('units.arcminutes', {
-                       quantity: Math.floor(min).toLocaleString(locale)
-                   }) +
-                   _t('units.arcseconds', {
-                       quantity: Math.round(sec).toLocaleString(locale)
-                   });
-           } else if (Math.floor(min) > 0) {
-               displayCoordinate = displayDegrees +
-                   _t('units.arcminutes', {
-                       quantity: Math.round(min).toLocaleString(locale)
-                   });
-           } else {
-               displayCoordinate = _t('units.arcdegrees', {
-                   quantity: Math.round(Math.abs(deg)).toLocaleString(locale)
-               });
-           }
+         function isSupported() {
+           return !!getFullScreenFn();
+         }
 
-           if (deg === 0) {
-               return displayCoordinate;
+         function fullScreen(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+
+           if (!isFullScreen()) {
+             // button.classed('active', true);
+             getFullScreenFn().apply(element);
            } else {
-               return _t('units.coordinate', {
-                   coordinate: displayCoordinate,
-                   direction: _t('units.' + (deg > 0 ? pos : neg))
-               });
+             // button.classed('active', false);
+             getExitFullScreenFn().apply(document);
            }
-       }
+         }
 
-       /**
-        * Returns given coordinate pair in degree-minute-second format.
-        *
-        * @param {Array<Number>} coord longitude and latitude
-        */
-       function dmsCoordinatePair(coord) {
-           return _t('units.coordinate_pair', {
-               latitude: displayCoordinate(clamp$1(coord[1], -90, 90), 'north', 'south'),
-               longitude: displayCoordinate(wrap(coord[0], -180, 180), 'east', 'west')
-           });
-       }
+         return function () {
+           // selection) {
+           if (!isSupported()) return; // button = selection.append('button')
+           //     .attr('title', t('full_screen'))
+           //     .on('click', fullScreen)
+           //     .call(tooltip);
+           // button.append('span')
+           //     .attr('class', 'icon full-screen');
 
-       /**
-        * Returns the given coordinate pair in decimal format.
-        * note: unlocalized to avoid comma ambiguity - see #4765
-        *
-        * @param {Array<Number>} coord longitude and latitude
-        */
-       function decimalCoordinatePair(coord) {
-           return _t('units.coordinate_pair', {
-               latitude: clamp$1(coord[1], -90, 90).toFixed(OSM_PRECISION),
-               longitude: wrap(coord[0], -180, 180).toFixed(OSM_PRECISION)
-           });
+           var detected = utilDetect();
+           var keys = detected.os === 'mac' ? [uiCmd('⌃⌘F'), 'f11'] : ['f11'];
+           context.keybinding().on(keys, fullScreen);
+         };
        }
 
-       function uiPanelLocation(context) {
-           var currLocation = '';
-
-
-           function redraw(selection) {
-               selection.html('');
-
-               var list = selection
-                   .append('ul');
+       function uiGeolocate(context) {
+         var _geolocationOptions = {
+           // prioritize speed and power usage over precision
+           enableHighAccuracy: false,
+           // don't hang indefinitely getting the location
+           timeout: 6000 // 6sec
 
-               // Mouse coordinates
-               var coord = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
-               if (coord.some(isNaN)) {
-                   coord = context.map().center();
-               }
+         };
 
-               list
-                   .append('li')
-                   .text(dmsCoordinatePair(coord))
-                   .append('li')
-                   .text(decimalCoordinatePair(coord));
+         var _locating = uiLoading(context).message(_t.html('geolocate.locating')).blocking(true);
 
-               // Location Info
-               selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'location-info')
-                   .text(currLocation || ' ');
+         var _layer = context.layers().layer('geolocate');
 
-               debouncedGetLocation(selection, coord);
-           }
+         var _position;
 
+         var _extent;
 
-           var debouncedGetLocation = debounce(getLocation, 250);
-           function getLocation(selection, coord) {
-               if (!services.geocoder) {
-                   currLocation = _t('info_panels.location.unknown_location');
-                   selection.selectAll('.location-info')
-                       .text(currLocation);
-               } else {
-                   services.geocoder.reverse(coord, function(err, result) {
-                       currLocation = result ? result.display_name : _t('info_panels.location.unknown_location');
-                       selection.selectAll('.location-info')
-                           .text(currLocation);
-                   });
-               }
-           }
+         var _timeoutID;
 
+         var _button = select(null);
 
-           var panel = function(selection) {
-               selection.call(redraw);
+         function click() {
+           if (context.inIntro()) return;
 
-               context.surface()
-                   .on(('PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse') + 'move.info-location', function() {
-                       selection.call(redraw);
-                   });
-           };
+           if (!_layer.enabled() && !_locating.isShown()) {
+             // This timeout ensures that we still call finish() even if
+             // the user declines to share their location in Firefox
+             _timeoutID = setTimeout(error, 10000
+             /* 10sec */
+             );
+             context.container().call(_locating); // get the latest position even if we already have one
 
-           panel.off = function() {
-               context.surface()
-                   .on('.info-location', null);
-           };
+             navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(success, error, _geolocationOptions);
+           } else {
+             _locating.close();
 
-           panel.id = 'location';
-           panel.title = _t('info_panels.location.title');
-           panel.key = _t('info_panels.location.key');
+             _layer.enabled(null, false);
 
+             updateButtonState();
+           }
+         }
 
-           return panel;
-       }
+         function zoomTo() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           var map = context.map();
 
-       function uiPanelMeasurement(context) {
-           var locale = _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
-           var isImperial = !_mainLocalizer.usesMetric();
+           _layer.enabled(_position, true);
 
+           updateButtonState();
+           map.centerZoomEase(_extent.center(), Math.min(20, map.extentZoom(_extent)));
+         }
 
-           function radiansToMeters(r) {
-               // using WGS84 authalic radius (6371007.1809 m)
-               return r * 6371007.1809;
-           }
+         function success(geolocation) {
+           _position = geolocation;
+           var coords = _position.coords;
+           _extent = geoExtent([coords.longitude, coords.latitude]).padByMeters(coords.accuracy);
+           zoomTo();
+           finish();
+         }
 
-           function steradiansToSqmeters(r) {
-               // http://gis.stackexchange.com/a/124857/40446
-               return r / (4 * Math.PI) * 510065621724000;
+         function error() {
+           if (_position) {
+             // use the position from a previous call if we have one
+             zoomTo();
+           } else {
+             context.ui().flash.label(_t.html('geolocate.location_unavailable')).iconName('#iD-icon-geolocate')();
            }
 
+           finish();
+         }
 
-           function toLineString(feature) {
-               if (feature.type === 'LineString') return feature;
+         function finish() {
+           _locating.close(); // unblock ui
 
-               var result = { type: 'LineString', coordinates: [] };
-               if (feature.type === 'Polygon') {
-                   result.coordinates = feature.coordinates[0];
-               } else if (feature.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
-                   result.coordinates = feature.coordinates[0][0];
-               }
 
-               return result;
+           if (_timeoutID) {
+             clearTimeout(_timeoutID);
            }
 
+           _timeoutID = undefined;
+         }
 
-           function redraw(selection) {
-               var graph = context.graph();
-               var selectedNoteID = context.selectedNoteID();
-               var osm = services.osm;
-
-               var heading;
-               var center, location, centroid;
-               var closed, geometry;
-               var totalNodeCount, length = 0, area = 0;
-
-               if (selectedNoteID && osm) {       // selected 1 note
+         function updateButtonState() {
+           _button.classed('active', _layer.enabled());
 
-                   var note = osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
-                   heading = _t('note.note') + ' ' + selectedNoteID;
-                   location = note.loc;
-                   geometry = 'note';
+           _button.attr('aria-pressed', _layer.enabled());
+         }
 
-               } else {                           // selected 1..n entities
-                   var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs().filter(function(id) {
-                       return context.hasEntity(id);
-                   });
-                   var selected = selectedIDs.map(function(id) {
-                       return context.entity(id);
-                   });
+         return function (selection) {
+           if (!navigator.geolocation || !navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition) return;
+           _button = selection.append('button').on('click', click).attr('aria-pressed', false).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-geolocate', 'light')).call(uiTooltip().placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left').title(_t.html('geolocate.title')).keys([_t('geolocate.key')]));
+           context.keybinding().on(_t('geolocate.key'), click);
+         };
+       }
 
-                   heading = selected.length === 1 ? selected[0].id :
-                       _t('info_panels.measurement.selected', { n: selected.length.toLocaleString(locale) });
-
-                   if (selected.length) {
-                       var extent = geoExtent();
-                       for (var i in selected) {
-                           var entity = selected[i];
-                           extent._extend(entity.extent(graph));
-
-                           geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
-                           if (geometry === 'line' || geometry === 'area') {
-                               closed = (entity.type === 'relation') || (entity.isClosed() && !entity.isDegenerate());
-                               var feature = entity.asGeoJSON(graph);
-                               length += radiansToMeters(d3_geoLength(toLineString(feature)));
-                               centroid = d3_geoCentroid(feature);
-                               if (closed) {
-                                   area += steradiansToSqmeters(entity.area(graph));
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
+       function uiPanelBackground(context) {
+         var background = context.background();
+         var _currSourceName = null;
+         var _metadata = {};
+         var _metadataKeys = ['zoom', 'vintage', 'source', 'description', 'resolution', 'accuracy'];
+
+         var debouncedRedraw = debounce(redraw, 250);
+
+         function redraw(selection) {
+           var source = background.baseLayerSource();
+           if (!source) return;
+           var isDG = source.id.match(/^DigitalGlobe/i) !== null;
+           var sourceLabel = source.label();
+
+           if (_currSourceName !== sourceLabel) {
+             _currSourceName = sourceLabel;
+             _metadata = {};
+           }
+
+           selection.html('');
+           var list = selection.append('ul').attr('class', 'background-info');
+           list.append('li').html(_currSourceName);
+
+           _metadataKeys.forEach(function (k) {
+             // DigitalGlobe vintage is available in raster layers for now.
+             if (isDG && k === 'vintage') return;
+             list.append('li').attr('class', 'background-info-list-' + k).classed('hide', !_metadata[k]).call(_t.append('info_panels.background.' + k, {
+               suffix: ':'
+             })).append('span').attr('class', 'background-info-span-' + k).text(_metadata[k]);
+           });
 
-                       if (selected.length > 1) {
-                           geometry = null;
-                           closed = null;
-                           centroid = null;
-                       }
+           debouncedGetMetadata(selection);
+           var toggleTiles = context.getDebug('tile') ? 'hide_tiles' : 'show_tiles';
+           selection.append('a').call(_t.append('info_panels.background.' + toggleTiles)).attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'button button-toggle-tiles').on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.setDebug('tile', !context.getDebug('tile'));
+             selection.call(redraw);
+           });
 
-                       if (selected.length === 1 && selected[0].type === 'node') {
-                           location = selected[0].loc;
-                       } else {
-                           totalNodeCount = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph()).length;
-                       }
+           if (isDG) {
+             var key = source.id + '-vintage';
+             var sourceVintage = context.background().findSource(key);
+             var showsVintage = context.background().showsLayer(sourceVintage);
+             var toggleVintage = showsVintage ? 'hide_vintage' : 'show_vintage';
+             selection.append('a').call(_t.append('info_panels.background.' + toggleVintage)).attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'button button-toggle-vintage').on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(sourceVintage);
+               selection.call(redraw);
+             });
+           } // disable if necessary
 
-                       if (!location && !centroid) {
-                           center = extent.center();
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
 
-               selection.html('');
+           ['DigitalGlobe-Premium', 'DigitalGlobe-Standard'].forEach(function (layerId) {
+             if (source.id !== layerId) {
+               var key = layerId + '-vintage';
+               var sourceVintage = context.background().findSource(key);
 
-               if (heading) {
-                   selection
-                       .append('h4')
-                       .attr('class', 'measurement-heading')
-                       .text(heading);
+               if (context.background().showsLayer(sourceVintage)) {
+                 context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(sourceVintage);
                }
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-               var list = selection
-                   .append('ul');
-               var coordItem;
+         var debouncedGetMetadata = debounce(getMetadata, 250);
 
-               if (geometry) {
-                   list
-                       .append('li')
-                       .text(_t('info_panels.measurement.geometry') + ':')
-                       .append('span')
-                       .text(
-                           closed ? _t('info_panels.measurement.closed_' + geometry) : _t('geometry.' + geometry)
-                       );
-               }
+         function getMetadata(selection) {
+           var tile = context.container().select('.layer-background img.tile-center'); // tile near viewport center
 
-               if (totalNodeCount) {
-                   list
-                       .append('li')
-                       .text(_t('info_panels.measurement.node_count') + ':')
-                       .append('span')
-                       .text(totalNodeCount.toLocaleString(locale));
-               }
+           if (tile.empty()) return;
+           var sourceName = _currSourceName;
+           var d = tile.datum();
+           var zoom = d && d.length >= 3 && d[2] || Math.floor(context.map().zoom());
+           var center = context.map().center(); // update zoom
 
-               if (area) {
-                   list
-                       .append('li')
-                       .text(_t('info_panels.measurement.area') + ':')
-                       .append('span')
-                       .text(displayArea(area, isImperial));
-               }
+           _metadata.zoom = String(zoom);
+           selection.selectAll('.background-info-list-zoom').classed('hide', false).selectAll('.background-info-span-zoom').text(_metadata.zoom);
+           if (!d || !d.length >= 3) return;
+           background.baseLayerSource().getMetadata(center, d, function (err, result) {
+             if (err || _currSourceName !== sourceName) return; // update vintage
 
-               if (length) {
-                   var lengthLabel = _t('info_panels.measurement.' + (closed ? 'perimeter' : 'length'));
-                   list
-                       .append('li')
-                       .text(lengthLabel + ':')
-                       .append('span')
-                       .text(displayLength(length, isImperial));
-               }
-
-               if (location) {
-                   coordItem = list
-                       .append('li')
-                       .text(_t('info_panels.measurement.location') + ':');
-                   coordItem.append('span')
-                       .text(dmsCoordinatePair(location));
-                   coordItem.append('span')
-                       .text(decimalCoordinatePair(location));
-               }
-
-               if (centroid) {
-                   coordItem = list
-                       .append('li')
-                       .text(_t('info_panels.measurement.centroid') + ':');
-                   coordItem.append('span')
-                       .text(dmsCoordinatePair(centroid));
-                   coordItem.append('span')
-                       .text(decimalCoordinatePair(centroid));
-               }
-
-               if (center) {
-                   coordItem = list
-                       .append('li')
-                       .text(_t('info_panels.measurement.center') + ':');
-                   coordItem.append('span')
-                       .text(dmsCoordinatePair(center));
-                   coordItem.append('span')
-                       .text(decimalCoordinatePair(center));
-               }
-
-               if (length || area) {
-                   var toggle  = isImperial ? 'imperial' : 'metric';
-                   selection
-                       .append('a')
-                       .text(_t('info_panels.measurement.' + toggle))
-                       .attr('href', '#')
-                       .attr('class', 'button button-toggle-units')
-                       .on('click', function() {
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                           isImperial = !isImperial;
-                           selection.call(redraw);
-                       });
-               }
-           }
+             var vintage = result.vintage;
+             _metadata.vintage = vintage && vintage.range || _t('info_panels.background.unknown');
+             selection.selectAll('.background-info-list-vintage').classed('hide', false).selectAll('.background-info-span-vintage').text(_metadata.vintage); // update other _metadata
 
+             _metadataKeys.forEach(function (k) {
+               if (k === 'zoom' || k === 'vintage') return; // done already
 
-           var panel = function(selection) {
-               selection.call(redraw);
+               var val = result[k];
+               _metadata[k] = val;
+               selection.selectAll('.background-info-list-' + k).classed('hide', !val).selectAll('.background-info-span-' + k).text(val);
+             });
+           });
+         }
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('drawn.info-measurement', function() {
-                       selection.call(redraw);
-                   });
+         var panel = function panel(selection) {
+           selection.call(redraw);
+           context.map().on('drawn.info-background', function () {
+             selection.call(debouncedRedraw);
+           }).on('move.info-background', function () {
+             selection.call(debouncedGetMetadata);
+           });
+         };
 
-               context
-                   .on('enter.info-measurement', function() {
-                       selection.call(redraw);
-                   });
-           };
+         panel.off = function () {
+           context.map().on('drawn.info-background', null).on('move.info-background', null);
+         };
 
-           panel.off = function() {
-               context.map().on('drawn.info-measurement', null);
-               context.on('enter.info-measurement', null);
-           };
+         panel.id = 'background';
+         panel.label = _t.html('info_panels.background.title');
+         panel.key = _t('info_panels.background.key');
+         return panel;
+       }
 
-           panel.id = 'measurement';
-           panel.title = _t('info_panels.measurement.title');
-           panel.key = _t('info_panels.measurement.key');
+       function uiPanelHistory(context) {
+         var osm;
 
+         function displayTimestamp(timestamp) {
+           if (!timestamp) return _t('info_panels.history.unknown');
+           var options = {
+             day: 'numeric',
+             month: 'short',
+             year: 'numeric',
+             hour: 'numeric',
+             minute: 'numeric',
+             second: 'numeric'
+           };
+           var d = new Date(timestamp);
+           if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return _t('info_panels.history.unknown');
+           return d.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
+         }
 
-           return panel;
-       }
+         function displayUser(selection, userName) {
+           if (!userName) {
+             selection.append('span').call(_t.append('info_panels.history.unknown'));
+             return;
+           }
 
-       var uiInfoPanels = {
-           background: uiPanelBackground,
-           history: uiPanelHistory,
-           location: uiPanelLocation,
-           measurement: uiPanelMeasurement,
-       };
+           selection.append('span').attr('class', 'user-name').text(userName);
+           var links = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'links');
 
-       function uiInfo(context) {
-           var ids = Object.keys(uiInfoPanels);
-           var wasActive = ['measurement'];
-           var panels = {};
-           var active = {};
-
-           // create panels
-           ids.forEach(function(k) {
-               if (!panels[k]) {
-                   panels[k] = uiInfoPanels[k](context);
-                   active[k] = false;
-               }
-           });
+           if (osm) {
+             links.append('a').attr('class', 'user-osm-link').attr('href', osm.userURL(userName)).attr('target', '_blank').call(_t.append('info_panels.history.profile_link'));
+           }
 
+           links.append('a').attr('class', 'user-hdyc-link').attr('href', 'https://hdyc.neis-one.org/?' + userName).attr('target', '_blank').attr('tabindex', -1).text('HDYC');
+         }
 
-           function info(selection) {
+         function displayChangeset(selection, changeset) {
+           if (!changeset) {
+             selection.append('span').call(_t.append('info_panels.history.unknown'));
+             return;
+           }
 
-               function redraw() {
-                   var activeids = ids.filter(function(k) { return active[k]; }).sort();
+           selection.append('span').attr('class', 'changeset-id').text(changeset);
+           var links = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'links');
 
-                   var containers = infoPanels.selectAll('.panel-container')
-                       .data(activeids, function(k) { return k; });
+           if (osm) {
+             links.append('a').attr('class', 'changeset-osm-link').attr('href', osm.changesetURL(changeset)).attr('target', '_blank').call(_t.append('info_panels.history.changeset_link'));
+           }
 
-                   containers.exit()
-                       .style('opacity', 1)
-                       .transition()
-                       .duration(200)
-                       .style('opacity', 0)
-                       .on('end', function(d) {
-                           select(this)
-                               .call(panels[d].off)
-                               .remove();
-                       });
+           links.append('a').attr('class', 'changeset-osmcha-link').attr('href', 'https://osmcha.org/changesets/' + changeset).attr('target', '_blank').text('OSMCha');
+           links.append('a').attr('class', 'changeset-achavi-link').attr('href', 'https://overpass-api.de/achavi/?changeset=' + changeset).attr('target', '_blank').text('Achavi');
+         }
 
-                   var enter = containers.enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', function(d) { return 'fillD2 panel-container panel-container-' + d; });
+         function redraw(selection) {
+           var selectedNoteID = context.selectedNoteID();
+           osm = context.connection();
+           var selected, note, entity;
 
-                   enter
-                       .style('opacity', 0)
-                       .transition()
-                       .duration(200)
-                       .style('opacity', 1);
+           if (selectedNoteID && osm) {
+             // selected 1 note
+             selected = [_t.html('note.note') + ' ' + selectedNoteID];
+             note = osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
+           } else {
+             // selected 1..n entities
+             selected = context.selectedIDs().filter(function (e) {
+               return context.hasEntity(e);
+             });
 
-                   var title = enter
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'panel-title fillD2');
+             if (selected.length) {
+               entity = context.entity(selected[0]);
+             }
+           }
 
-                   title
-                       .append('h3')
-                       .text(function(d) { return panels[d].title; });
+           var singular = selected.length === 1 ? selected[0] : null;
+           selection.html('');
 
-                   title
-                       .append('button')
-                       .attr('class', 'close')
-                       .on('click', function (d) { info.toggle(d); })
-                       .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           if (singular) {
+             selection.append('h4').attr('class', 'history-heading').html(singular);
+           } else {
+             selection.append('h4').attr('class', 'history-heading').call(_t.append('info_panels.selected', {
+               n: selected.length
+             }));
+           }
 
-                   enter
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', function(d) { return 'panel-content panel-content-' + d; });
+           if (!singular) return;
 
+           if (entity) {
+             selection.call(redrawEntity, entity);
+           } else if (note) {
+             selection.call(redrawNote, note);
+           }
+         }
 
-                   // redraw the panels
-                   infoPanels.selectAll('.panel-content')
-                       .each(function(d) {
-                           select(this).call(panels[d]);
-                       });
-               }
+         function redrawNote(selection, note) {
+           if (!note || note.isNew()) {
+             selection.append('div').call(_t.append('info_panels.history.note_no_history'));
+             return;
+           }
 
+           var list = selection.append('ul');
+           list.append('li').call(_t.append('info_panels.history.note_comments', {
+             suffix: ':'
+           })).append('span').text(note.comments.length);
 
-               info.toggle = function(which) {
-                   if (event) {
-                       event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                   }
+           if (note.comments.length) {
+             list.append('li').call(_t.append('info_panels.history.note_created_date', {
+               suffix: ':'
+             })).append('span').text(displayTimestamp(note.comments[0].date));
+             list.append('li').call(_t.append('info_panels.history.note_created_user', {
+               suffix: ':'
+             })).call(displayUser, note.comments[0].user);
+           }
 
-                   var activeids = ids.filter(function(k) { return active[k]; });
+           if (osm) {
+             selection.append('a').attr('class', 'view-history-on-osm').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', osm.noteURL(note)).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).append('span').call(_t.append('info_panels.history.note_link_text'));
+           }
+         }
 
-                   if (which) {  // toggle one
-                       active[which] = !active[which];
-                       if (activeids.length === 1 && activeids[0] === which) {  // none active anymore
-                           wasActive = [which];
-                       }
+         function redrawEntity(selection, entity) {
+           if (!entity || entity.isNew()) {
+             selection.append('div').call(_t.append('info_panels.history.no_history'));
+             return;
+           }
 
-                       context.container().select('.' + which + '-panel-toggle-item')
-                           .classed('active', active[which])
-                           .select('input')
-                           .property('checked', active[which]);
+           var links = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'links');
 
-                   } else {      // toggle all
-                       if (activeids.length) {
-                           wasActive = activeids;
-                           activeids.forEach(function(k) { active[k] = false; });
-                       } else {
-                           wasActive.forEach(function(k) { active[k] = true; });
-                       }
-                   }
+           if (osm) {
+             links.append('a').attr('class', 'view-history-on-osm').attr('href', osm.historyURL(entity)).attr('target', '_blank').call(_t.append('info_panels.history.history_link'));
+           }
 
-                   redraw();
-               };
+           links.append('a').attr('class', 'pewu-history-viewer-link').attr('href', 'https://pewu.github.io/osm-history/#/' + entity.type + '/' + entity.osmId()).attr('target', '_blank').attr('tabindex', -1).text('PeWu');
+           var list = selection.append('ul');
+           list.append('li').call(_t.append('info_panels.history.version', {
+             suffix: ':'
+           })).append('span').text(entity.version);
+           list.append('li').call(_t.append('info_panels.history.last_edit', {
+             suffix: ':'
+           })).append('span').text(displayTimestamp(entity.timestamp));
+           list.append('li').call(_t.append('info_panels.history.edited_by', {
+             suffix: ':'
+           })).call(displayUser, entity.user);
+           list.append('li').call(_t.append('info_panels.history.changeset', {
+             suffix: ':'
+           })).call(displayChangeset, entity.changeset);
+         }
 
+         var panel = function panel(selection) {
+           selection.call(redraw);
+           context.map().on('drawn.info-history', function () {
+             selection.call(redraw);
+           });
+           context.on('enter.info-history', function () {
+             selection.call(redraw);
+           });
+         };
 
-               var infoPanels = selection.selectAll('.info-panels')
-                   .data([0]);
+         panel.off = function () {
+           context.map().on('drawn.info-history', null);
+           context.on('enter.info-history', null);
+         };
 
-               infoPanels = infoPanels.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'info-panels')
-                   .merge(infoPanels);
+         panel.id = 'history';
+         panel.label = _t.html('info_panels.history.title');
+         panel.key = _t('info_panels.history.key');
+         return panel;
+       }
 
-               redraw();
+       var OSM_PRECISION = 7;
+       /**
+        * Returns a localized representation of the given length measurement.
+        *
+        * @param {Number} m area in meters
+        * @param {Boolean} isImperial true for U.S. customary units; false for metric
+        */
 
-               context.keybinding()
-                   .on(uiCmd('⌘' + _t('info_panels.key')), info.toggle);
+       function displayLength(m, isImperial) {
+         var d = m * (isImperial ? 3.28084 : 1);
+         var unit;
 
-               ids.forEach(function(k) {
-                   var key = _t('info_panels.' + k + '.key', { default: null });
-                   if (!key) return;
-                   context.keybinding()
-                       .on(uiCmd('⌘⇧' + key), function() { info.toggle(k); });
-               });
+         if (isImperial) {
+           if (d >= 5280) {
+             d /= 5280;
+             unit = 'miles';
+           } else {
+             unit = 'feet';
            }
+         } else {
+           if (d >= 1000) {
+             d /= 1000;
+             unit = 'kilometers';
+           } else {
+             unit = 'meters';
+           }
+         }
 
-           return info;
-       }
-
-       function pointBox(loc, context) {
-           var rect = context.surfaceRect();
-           var point = context.curtainProjection(loc);
-           return {
-               left: point[0] + rect.left - 40,
-               top: point[1] + rect.top - 60,
-               width: 80,
-               height: 90
-           };
+         return _t('units.' + unit, {
+           quantity: d.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), {
+             maximumSignificantDigits: 4
+           })
+         });
        }
+       /**
+        * Returns a localized representation of the given area measurement.
+        *
+        * @param {Number} m2 area in square meters
+        * @param {Boolean} isImperial true for U.S. customary units; false for metric
+        */
 
+       function displayArea(m2, isImperial) {
+         var locale = _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
+         var d = m2 * (isImperial ? 10.7639111056 : 1);
+         var d1, d2, area;
+         var unit1 = '';
+         var unit2 = '';
+
+         if (isImperial) {
+           if (d >= 6969600) {
+             // > 0.25mi² show mi²
+             d1 = d / 27878400;
+             unit1 = 'square_miles';
+           } else {
+             d1 = d;
+             unit1 = 'square_feet';
+           }
 
-       function pad(locOrBox, padding, context) {
-           var box;
-           if (locOrBox instanceof Array) {
-               var rect = context.surfaceRect();
-               var point = context.curtainProjection(locOrBox);
-               box = {
-                   left: point[0] + rect.left,
-                   top: point[1] + rect.top
-               };
+           if (d > 4356 && d < 43560000) {
+             // 0.1 - 1000 acres
+             d2 = d / 43560;
+             unit2 = 'acres';
+           }
+         } else {
+           if (d >= 250000) {
+             // > 0.25km² show km²
+             d1 = d / 1000000;
+             unit1 = 'square_kilometers';
            } else {
-               box = locOrBox;
+             d1 = d;
+             unit1 = 'square_meters';
            }
 
-           return {
-               left: box.left - padding,
-               top: box.top - padding,
-               width: (box.width || 0) + 2 * padding,
-               height: (box.width || 0) + 2 * padding
-           };
-       }
+           if (d > 1000 && d < 10000000) {
+             // 0.1 - 1000 hectares
+             d2 = d / 10000;
+             unit2 = 'hectares';
+           }
+         }
+
+         area = _t('units.' + unit1, {
+           quantity: d1.toLocaleString(locale, {
+             maximumSignificantDigits: 4
+           })
+         });
 
+         if (d2) {
+           return _t('units.area_pair', {
+             area1: area,
+             area2: _t('units.' + unit2, {
+               quantity: d2.toLocaleString(locale, {
+                 maximumSignificantDigits: 2
+               })
+             })
+           });
+         } else {
+           return area;
+         }
+       }
 
-       function icon(name, svgklass, useklass) {
-           return '<svg class="icon ' + (svgklass || '') + '">' +
-                '<use xlink:href="' + name + '"' +
-                (useklass ? ' class="' + useklass + '"' : '') + '></use></svg>';
+       function wrap(x, min, max) {
+         var d = max - min;
+         return ((x - min) % d + d) % d + min;
        }
 
-       var helpStringReplacements;
+       function clamp(x, min, max) {
+         return Math.max(min, Math.min(x, max));
+       }
 
-       // Returns the localized string for `id` with a standardized set of icon, key, and
-       // label replacements suitable for tutorials and documentation. Optionally supplemented
-       // with custom `replacements`
-       function helpString(id, replacements) {
-           // only load these the first time
-           if (!helpStringReplacements) helpStringReplacements = {
-               // insert icons corresponding to various UI elements
-               point_icon: icon('#iD-icon-point', 'pre-text'),
-               line_icon: icon('#iD-icon-line', 'pre-text'),
-               area_icon: icon('#iD-icon-area', 'pre-text'),
-               note_icon: icon('#iD-icon-note', 'pre-text add-note'),
-               plus: icon('#iD-icon-plus', 'pre-text'),
-               minus: icon('#iD-icon-minus', 'pre-text'),
-               move_icon: icon('#iD-operation-move', 'pre-text operation'),
-               merge_icon: icon('#iD-operation-merge', 'pre-text operation'),
-               delete_icon: icon('#iD-operation-delete', 'pre-text operation'),
-               circularize_icon: icon('#iD-operation-circularize', 'pre-text operation'),
-               split_icon: icon('#iD-operation-split', 'pre-text operation'),
-               orthogonalize_icon: icon('#iD-operation-orthogonalize', 'pre-text operation'),
-               disconnect_icon: icon('#iD-operation-disconnect', 'pre-text operation'),
-               layers_icon: icon('#iD-icon-layers', 'pre-text'),
-               data_icon: icon('#iD-icon-data', 'pre-text'),
-               inspect: icon('#iD-icon-inspect', 'pre-text'),
-               help_icon: icon('#iD-icon-help', 'pre-text'),
-               undo_icon: icon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-redo' : '#iD-icon-undo', 'pre-text'),
-               redo_icon: icon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-undo' : '#iD-icon-redo', 'pre-text'),
-               save_icon: icon('#iD-icon-save', 'pre-text'),
-               leftclick: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-left', 'pre-text operation'),
-               rightclick: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-right', 'pre-text operation'),
-               mousewheel_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mousewheel', 'pre-text operation'),
-               tap_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-tap', 'pre-text operation'),
-               doubletap_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-doubletap', 'pre-text operation'),
-               longpress_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-longpress', 'pre-text operation'),
-               touchdrag_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-touchdrag', 'pre-text operation'),
-               pinch_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-pinch-apart', 'pre-text operation'),
-
-               // insert keys; may be localized and platform-dependent
-               shift: uiCmd.display('⇧'),
-               alt: uiCmd.display('⌥'),
-               return: uiCmd.display('↵'),
-               esc: _t('shortcuts.key.esc'),
-               space: _t('shortcuts.key.space'),
-               add_note_key: _t('modes.add_note.key'),
-               help_key: _t('help.key'),
-               shortcuts_key: _t('shortcuts.toggle.key'),
-
-               // reference localized UI labels directly so that they'll always match
-               save: _t('save.title'),
-               undo: _t('undo.title'),
-               redo: _t('redo.title'),
-               upload: _t('commit.save'),
-               point: _t('modes.add_point.title'),
-               line: _t('modes.add_line.title'),
-               area: _t('modes.add_area.title'),
-               note: _t('modes.add_note.title'),
-               delete: _t('operations.delete.title'),
-               move: _t('operations.move.title'),
-               orthogonalize: _t('operations.orthogonalize.title'),
-               circularize: _t('operations.circularize.title'),
-               merge: _t('operations.merge.title'),
-               disconnect: _t('operations.disconnect.title'),
-               split: _t('operations.split.title'),
-               map_data: _t('map_data.title'),
-               osm_notes: _t('map_data.layers.notes.title'),
-               fields: _t('inspector.fields'),
-               tags: _t('inspector.tags'),
-               relations: _t('inspector.relations'),
-               new_relation: _t('inspector.new_relation'),
-               turn_restrictions: _t('presets.fields.restrictions.label'),
-               background_settings: _t('background.description'),
-               imagery_offset: _t('background.fix_misalignment'),
-               start_the_walkthrough: _t('splash.walkthrough'),
-               help: _t('help.title'),
-               ok: _t('intro.ok')
-           };
+       function displayCoordinate(deg, pos, neg) {
+         var locale = _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
+         var min = (Math.abs(deg) - Math.floor(Math.abs(deg))) * 60;
+         var sec = (min - Math.floor(min)) * 60;
+         var displayDegrees = _t('units.arcdegrees', {
+           quantity: Math.floor(Math.abs(deg)).toLocaleString(locale)
+         });
+         var displayCoordinate;
 
-           var reps;
-           if (replacements) {
-               reps = Object.assign(replacements, helpStringReplacements);
-           } else {
-               reps = helpStringReplacements;
-           }
+         if (Math.floor(sec) > 0) {
+           displayCoordinate = displayDegrees + _t('units.arcminutes', {
+             quantity: Math.floor(min).toLocaleString(locale)
+           }) + _t('units.arcseconds', {
+             quantity: Math.round(sec).toLocaleString(locale)
+           });
+         } else if (Math.floor(min) > 0) {
+           displayCoordinate = displayDegrees + _t('units.arcminutes', {
+             quantity: Math.round(min).toLocaleString(locale)
+           });
+         } else {
+           displayCoordinate = _t('units.arcdegrees', {
+             quantity: Math.round(Math.abs(deg)).toLocaleString(locale)
+           });
+         }
 
-           return _t(id, reps)
-                // use keyboard key styling for shortcuts
-               .replace(/\`(.*?)\`/g, '<kbd>$1</kbd>');
+         if (deg === 0) {
+           return displayCoordinate;
+         } else {
+           return _t('units.coordinate', {
+             coordinate: displayCoordinate,
+             direction: _t('units.' + (deg > 0 ? pos : neg))
+           });
+         }
        }
+       /**
+        * Returns given coordinate pair in degree-minute-second format.
+        *
+        * @param {Array<Number>} coord longitude and latitude
+        */
 
 
-       function slugify(text) {
-           return text.toString().toLowerCase()
-               .replace(/\s+/g, '-')           // Replace spaces with -
-               .replace(/[^\w\-]+/g, '')       // Remove all non-word chars
-               .replace(/\-\-+/g, '-')         // Replace multiple - with single -
-               .replace(/^-+/, '')             // Trim - from start of text
-               .replace(/-+$/, '');            // Trim - from end of text
+       function dmsCoordinatePair(coord) {
+         return _t('units.coordinate_pair', {
+           latitude: displayCoordinate(clamp(coord[1], -90, 90), 'north', 'south'),
+           longitude: displayCoordinate(wrap(coord[0], -180, 180), 'east', 'west')
+         });
        }
+       /**
+        * Returns the given coordinate pair in decimal format.
+        * note: unlocalized to avoid comma ambiguity - see #4765
+        *
+        * @param {Array<Number>} coord longitude and latitude
+        */
 
-
-       // console warning for missing walkthrough names
-       var missingStrings = {};
-       function checkKey(key, text) {
-           if (_t(key, { default: undefined}) === undefined) {
-               if (missingStrings.hasOwnProperty(key)) return;  // warn once
-               missingStrings[key] = text;
-               var missing = key + ': ' + text;
-               if (typeof console !== 'undefined') console.log(missing); // eslint-disable-line
-           }
+       function decimalCoordinatePair(coord) {
+         return _t('units.coordinate_pair', {
+           latitude: clamp(coord[1], -90, 90).toFixed(OSM_PRECISION),
+           longitude: wrap(coord[0], -180, 180).toFixed(OSM_PRECISION)
+         });
        }
 
+       function uiPanelLocation(context) {
+         var currLocation = '';
+
+         function redraw(selection) {
+           selection.html('');
+           var list = selection.append('ul'); // Mouse coordinates
 
-       function localize(obj) {
-           var key;
+           var coord = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
 
-           // Assign name if entity has one..
-           var name = obj.tags && obj.tags.name;
-           if (name) {
-               key = 'intro.graph.name.' + slugify(name);
-               obj.tags.name = _t(key, { default: name });
-               checkKey(key, name);
-           }
-
-           // Assign street name if entity has one..
-           var street = obj.tags && obj.tags['addr:street'];
-           if (street) {
-               key = 'intro.graph.name.' + slugify(street);
-               obj.tags['addr:street'] = _t(key, { default: street });
-               checkKey(key, street);
-
-               // Add address details common across walkthrough..
-               var addrTags = [
-                   'block_number', 'city', 'county', 'district', 'hamlet', 'neighbourhood',
-                   'postcode', 'province', 'quarter', 'state', 'subdistrict', 'suburb'
-               ];
-               addrTags.forEach(function(k) {
-                   var key = 'intro.graph.' + k;
-                   var tag = 'addr:' + k;
-                   var val = obj.tags && obj.tags[tag];
-                   var str = _t(key, { default: val });
-
-                   if (str) {
-                       if (str.match(/^<.*>$/) !== null) {
-                           delete obj.tags[tag];
-                       } else {
-                           obj.tags[tag] = str;
-                       }
-                   }
-               });
+           if (coord.some(isNaN)) {
+             coord = context.map().center();
            }
 
-           return obj;
-       }
+           list.append('li').text(dmsCoordinatePair(coord)).append('li').text(decimalCoordinatePair(coord)); // Location Info
 
+           selection.append('div').attr('class', 'location-info').text(currLocation || ' ');
+           debouncedGetLocation(selection, coord);
+         }
 
-       // Used to detect squareness.. some duplicataion of code from actionOrthogonalize.
-       function isMostlySquare(points) {
-           // note: uses 15 here instead of the 12 from actionOrthogonalize because
-           // actionOrthogonalize can actually straighten some larger angles as it iterates
-           var threshold = 15; // degrees within right or straight
-           var lowerBound = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180);  // near right
-           var upperBound = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180);         // near straight
-
-           for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
-               var a = points[(i - 1 + points.length) % points.length];
-               var origin = points[i];
-               var b = points[(i + 1) % points.length];
+         var debouncedGetLocation = debounce(getLocation, 250);
 
-               var dotp = geoVecNormalizedDot(a, b, origin);
-               var mag = Math.abs(dotp);
-               if (mag > lowerBound && mag < upperBound) {
-                   return false;
-               }
+         function getLocation(selection, coord) {
+           if (!services.geocoder) {
+             currLocation = _t('info_panels.location.unknown_location');
+             selection.selectAll('.location-info').text(currLocation);
+           } else {
+             services.geocoder.reverse(coord, function (err, result) {
+               currLocation = result ? result.display_name : _t('info_panels.location.unknown_location');
+               selection.selectAll('.location-info').text(currLocation);
+             });
            }
+         }
 
-           return true;
-       }
+         var panel = function panel(selection) {
+           selection.call(redraw);
+           context.surface().on(('PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse') + 'move.info-location', function () {
+             selection.call(redraw);
+           });
+         };
 
+         panel.off = function () {
+           context.surface().on('.info-location', null);
+         };
 
-       function selectMenuItem(context, operation) {
-           return context.container().select('.edit-menu .edit-menu-item-' + operation);
+         panel.id = 'location';
+         panel.label = _t.html('info_panels.location.title');
+         panel.key = _t('info_panels.location.key');
+         return panel;
        }
 
+       function uiPanelMeasurement(context) {
+         function radiansToMeters(r) {
+           // using WGS84 authalic radius (6371007.1809 m)
+           return r * 6371007.1809;
+         }
 
-       function transitionTime(point1, point2) {
-           var distance = geoSphericalDistance(point1, point2);
-           if (distance === 0)
-               return 0;
-           else if (distance < 80)
-               return 500;
-           else
-               return 1000;
-       }
+         function steradiansToSqmeters(r) {
+           // http://gis.stackexchange.com/a/124857/40446
+           return r / (4 * Math.PI) * 510065621724000;
+         }
 
-       // Tooltips and svg mask used to highlight certain features
-       function uiCurtain(containerNode) {
+         function toLineString(feature) {
+           if (feature.type === 'LineString') return feature;
+           var result = {
+             type: 'LineString',
+             coordinates: []
+           };
+
+           if (feature.type === 'Polygon') {
+             result.coordinates = feature.coordinates[0];
+           } else if (feature.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
+             result.coordinates = feature.coordinates[0][0];
+           }
 
-           var surface = select(null),
-               tooltip = select(null),
-               darkness = select(null);
+           return result;
+         }
 
-           function curtain(selection) {
-               surface = selection
-                   .append('svg')
-                   .attr('class', 'curtain')
-                   .style('top', 0)
-                   .style('left', 0);
+         var _isImperial = !_mainLocalizer.usesMetric();
 
-               darkness = surface.append('path')
-                   .attr('x', 0)
-                   .attr('y', 0)
-                   .attr('class', 'curtain-darkness');
+         function redraw(selection) {
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var selectedNoteID = context.selectedNoteID();
+           var osm = services.osm;
+           var localeCode = _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
+           var heading;
+           var center, location, centroid;
+           var closed, geometry;
+           var totalNodeCount,
+               length = 0,
+               area = 0,
+               distance;
+
+           if (selectedNoteID && osm) {
+             // selected 1 note
+             var note = osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
+             heading = _t.html('note.note') + ' ' + selectedNoteID;
+             location = note.loc;
+             geometry = 'note';
+           } else {
+             // selected 1..n entities
+             var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs().filter(function (id) {
+               return context.hasEntity(id);
+             });
+             var selected = selectedIDs.map(function (id) {
+               return context.entity(id);
+             });
+             heading = selected.length === 1 ? selected[0].id : _t.html('info_panels.selected', {
+               n: selected.length
+             });
 
-               select(window).on('resize.curtain', resize);
+             if (selected.length) {
+               var extent = geoExtent();
 
-               tooltip = selection.append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'tooltip');
+               for (var i in selected) {
+                 var entity = selected[i];
 
-               tooltip
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'popover-arrow');
+                 extent._extend(entity.extent(graph));
 
-               tooltip
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'popover-inner');
+                 geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
 
-               resize();
+                 if (geometry === 'line' || geometry === 'area') {
+                   closed = entity.type === 'relation' || entity.isClosed() && !entity.isDegenerate();
+                   var feature = entity.asGeoJSON(graph);
+                   length += radiansToMeters(d3_geoLength(toLineString(feature)));
+                   centroid = d3_geoPath(context.projection).centroid(entity.asGeoJSON(graph));
+                   centroid = centroid && context.projection.invert(centroid);
 
+                   if (!centroid || !isFinite(centroid[0]) || !isFinite(centroid[1])) {
+                     centroid = entity.extent(graph).center();
+                   }
 
-               function resize() {
-                   surface
-                       .attr('width', containerNode.clientWidth)
-                       .attr('height', containerNode.clientHeight);
-                   curtain.cut(darkness.datum());
+                   if (closed) {
+                     area += steradiansToSqmeters(entity.area(graph));
+                   }
+                 }
                }
-           }
 
+               if (selected.length > 1) {
+                 geometry = null;
+                 closed = null;
+                 centroid = null;
+               }
 
-           /**
-            * Reveal cuts the curtain to highlight the given box,
-            * and shows a tooltip with instructions next to the box.
-            *
-            * @param  {String|ClientRect} [box]   box used to cut the curtain
-            * @param  {String}    [text]          text for a tooltip
-            * @param  {Object}    [options]
-            * @param  {string}    [options.tooltipClass]    optional class to add to the tooltip
-            * @param  {integer}   [options.duration]        transition time in milliseconds
-            * @param  {string}    [options.buttonText]      if set, create a button with this text label
-            * @param  {function}  [options.buttonCallback]  if set, the callback for the button
-            * @param  {function}  [options.padding]         extra margin in px to put around bbox
-            * @param  {String|ClientRect} [options.tooltipBox]  box for tooltip position, if different from box for the curtain
-            */
-           curtain.reveal = function(box, text, options) {
-               options = options || {};
-
-               if (typeof box === 'string') {
-                   box = select(box).node();
-               }
-               if (box && box.getBoundingClientRect) {
-                   box = copyBox(box.getBoundingClientRect());
-                   var containerRect = containerNode.getBoundingClientRect();
-                   box.top -= containerRect.top;
-                   box.left -= containerRect.left;
-               }
-               if (box && options.padding) {
-                   box.top -= options.padding;
-                   box.left -= options.padding;
-                   box.bottom += options.padding;
-                   box.right += options.padding;
-                   box.height += options.padding * 2;
-                   box.width += options.padding * 2;
-               }
-
-               var tooltipBox;
-               if (options.tooltipBox) {
-                   tooltipBox = options.tooltipBox;
-                   if (typeof tooltipBox === 'string') {
-                       tooltipBox = select(tooltipBox).node();
-                   }
-                   if (tooltipBox && tooltipBox.getBoundingClientRect) {
-                       tooltipBox = copyBox(tooltipBox.getBoundingClientRect());
-                   }
-               } else {
-                   tooltipBox = box;
+               if (selected.length === 2 && selected[0].type === 'node' && selected[1].type === 'node') {
+                 distance = geoSphericalDistance(selected[0].loc, selected[1].loc);
                }
 
-               if (tooltipBox && text) {
-                   // pseudo markdown bold text for the instruction section..
-                   var parts = text.split('**');
-                   var html = parts[0] ? '<span>' + parts[0] + '</span>' : '';
-                   if (parts[1]) {
-                       html += '<span class="instruction">' + parts[1] + '</span>';
-                   }
+               if (selected.length === 1 && selected[0].type === 'node') {
+                 location = selected[0].loc;
+               } else {
+                 totalNodeCount = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph()).length;
+               }
 
-                   html = html.replace(/\*(.*?)\*/g, '<em>$1</em>');   // emphasis
-                   html = html.replace(/\{br\}/g, '<br/><br/>');       // linebreak
+               if (!location && !centroid) {
+                 center = extent.center();
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-                   if (options.buttonText && options.buttonCallback) {
-                       html += '<div class="button-section">' +
-                           '<button href="#" class="button action">' + options.buttonText + '</button></div>';
-                   }
+           selection.html('');
 
-                   var classes = 'curtain-tooltip popover tooltip arrowed in ' + (options.tooltipClass || '');
-                   tooltip
-                       .classed(classes, true)
-                       .selectAll('.popover-inner')
-                       .html(html);
-
-                   if (options.buttonText && options.buttonCallback) {
-                       var button = tooltip.selectAll('.button-section .button.action');
-                       button
-                           .on('click', function() {
-                               event.preventDefault();
-                               options.buttonCallback();
-                           });
-                   }
+           if (heading) {
+             selection.append('h4').attr('class', 'measurement-heading').html(heading);
+           }
 
-                   var tip = copyBox(tooltip.node().getBoundingClientRect()),
-                       w = containerNode.clientWidth,
-                       h = containerNode.clientHeight,
-                       tooltipWidth = 200,
-                       tooltipArrow = 5,
-                       side, pos;
+           var list = selection.append('ul');
+           var coordItem;
 
+           if (geometry) {
+             list.append('li').call(_t.append('info_panels.measurement.geometry', {
+               suffix: ':'
+             })).append('span').html(closed ? _t.html('info_panels.measurement.closed_' + geometry) : _t.html('geometry.' + geometry));
+           }
 
-                   // hack: this will have bottom placement,
-                   // so need to reserve extra space for the tooltip illustration.
-                   if (options.tooltipClass === 'intro-mouse') {
-                       tip.height += 80;
-                   }
+           if (totalNodeCount) {
+             list.append('li').call(_t.append('info_panels.measurement.node_count', {
+               suffix: ':'
+             })).append('span').text(totalNodeCount.toLocaleString(localeCode));
+           }
 
-                   // trim box dimensions to just the portion that fits in the container..
-                   if (tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height > h) {
-                       tooltipBox.height -= (tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height - h);
-                   }
-                   if (tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width > w) {
-                       tooltipBox.width -= (tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width - w);
-                   }
+           if (area) {
+             list.append('li').call(_t.append('info_panels.measurement.area', {
+               suffix: ':'
+             })).append('span').text(displayArea(area, _isImperial));
+           }
 
-                   // determine tooltip placement..
+           if (length) {
+             list.append('li').call(_t.append('info_panels.measurement.' + (closed ? 'perimeter' : 'length'), {
+               suffix: ':'
+             })).append('span').text(displayLength(length, _isImperial));
+           }
 
-                   if (tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height < 100) {
-                       // tooltip below box..
-                       side = 'bottom';
-                       pos = [
-                           tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width / 2 - tip.width / 2,
-                           tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height
-                       ];
+           if (typeof distance === 'number') {
+             list.append('li').call(_t.append('info_panels.measurement.distance', {
+               suffix: ':'
+             })).append('span').text(displayLength(distance, _isImperial));
+           }
 
-                   } else if (tooltipBox.top > h - 140) {
-                       // tooltip above box..
-                       side = 'top';
-                       pos = [
-                           tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width / 2 - tip.width / 2,
-                           tooltipBox.top - tip.height
-                       ];
+           if (location) {
+             coordItem = list.append('li').call(_t.append('info_panels.measurement.location', {
+               suffix: ':'
+             }));
+             coordItem.append('span').text(dmsCoordinatePair(location));
+             coordItem.append('span').text(decimalCoordinatePair(location));
+           }
 
-                   } else {
-                       // tooltip to the side of the tooltipBox..
-                       var tipY = tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height / 2 - tip.height / 2;
+           if (centroid) {
+             coordItem = list.append('li').call(_t.append('info_panels.measurement.centroid', {
+               suffix: ':'
+             }));
+             coordItem.append('span').text(dmsCoordinatePair(centroid));
+             coordItem.append('span').text(decimalCoordinatePair(centroid));
+           }
 
-                       if (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') {
-                           if (tooltipBox.left - tooltipWidth - tooltipArrow < 70) {
-                               side = 'right';
-                               pos = [tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width + tooltipArrow, tipY];
+           if (center) {
+             coordItem = list.append('li').call(_t.append('info_panels.measurement.center', {
+               suffix: ':'
+             }));
+             coordItem.append('span').text(dmsCoordinatePair(center));
+             coordItem.append('span').text(decimalCoordinatePair(center));
+           }
 
-                           } else {
-                               side = 'left';
-                               pos = [tooltipBox.left - tooltipWidth - tooltipArrow, tipY];
-                           }
+           if (length || area || typeof distance === 'number') {
+             var toggle = _isImperial ? 'imperial' : 'metric';
+             selection.append('a').call(_t.append('info_panels.measurement.' + toggle)).attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'button button-toggle-units').on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               _isImperial = !_isImperial;
+               selection.call(redraw);
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-                       } else {
-                           if (tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width + tooltipArrow + tooltipWidth > w - 70) {
-                               side = 'left';
-                               pos = [tooltipBox.left - tooltipWidth - tooltipArrow, tipY];
-                           }
-                           else {
-                               side = 'right';
-                               pos = [tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width + tooltipArrow, tipY];
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
+         var panel = function panel(selection) {
+           selection.call(redraw);
+           context.map().on('drawn.info-measurement', function () {
+             selection.call(redraw);
+           });
+           context.on('enter.info-measurement', function () {
+             selection.call(redraw);
+           });
+         };
 
-                   if (options.duration !== 0 || !tooltip.classed(side)) {
-                       tooltip.call(uiToggle(true));
-                   }
+         panel.off = function () {
+           context.map().on('drawn.info-measurement', null);
+           context.on('enter.info-measurement', null);
+         };
 
-                   tooltip
-                       .style('top', pos[1] + 'px')
-                       .style('left', pos[0] + 'px')
-                       .attr('class', classes + ' ' + side);
+         panel.id = 'measurement';
+         panel.label = _t.html('info_panels.measurement.title');
+         panel.key = _t('info_panels.measurement.key');
+         return panel;
+       }
 
+       var uiInfoPanels = {
+         background: uiPanelBackground,
+         history: uiPanelHistory,
+         location: uiPanelLocation,
+         measurement: uiPanelMeasurement
+       };
 
-                   // shift popover-inner if it is very close to the top or bottom edge
-                   // (doesn't affect the placement of the popover-arrow)
-                   var shiftY = 0;
-                   if (side === 'left' || side === 'right') {
-                       if (pos[1] < 60) {
-                           shiftY = 60 - pos[1];
-                       }
-                       else if (pos[1] + tip.height > h - 100) {
-                           shiftY = h - pos[1] - tip.height - 100;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner')
-                       .style('top', shiftY + 'px');
+       function uiInfo(context) {
+         var ids = Object.keys(uiInfoPanels);
+         var wasActive = ['measurement'];
+         var panels = {};
+         var active = {}; // create panels
 
-               } else {
-                   tooltip
-                       .classed('in', false)
-                       .call(uiToggle(false));
-               }
+         ids.forEach(function (k) {
+           if (!panels[k]) {
+             panels[k] = uiInfoPanels[k](context);
+             active[k] = false;
+           }
+         });
 
-               curtain.cut(box, options.duration);
+         function info(selection) {
+           function redraw() {
+             var activeids = ids.filter(function (k) {
+               return active[k];
+             }).sort();
+             var containers = infoPanels.selectAll('.panel-container').data(activeids, function (k) {
+               return k;
+             });
+             containers.exit().style('opacity', 1).transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 0).on('end', function (d) {
+               select(this).call(panels[d].off).remove();
+             });
+             var enter = containers.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+               return 'fillD2 panel-container panel-container-' + d;
+             });
+             enter.style('opacity', 0).transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 1);
+             var title = enter.append('div').attr('class', 'panel-title fillD2');
+             title.append('h3').html(function (d) {
+               return panels[d].label;
+             });
+             title.append('button').attr('class', 'close').attr('title', _t('icons.close')).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+               d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               info.toggle(d);
+             }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+             enter.append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+               return 'panel-content panel-content-' + d;
+             }); // redraw the panels
+
+             infoPanels.selectAll('.panel-content').each(function (d) {
+               select(this).call(panels[d]);
+             });
+           }
 
-               return tooltip;
-           };
+           info.toggle = function (which) {
+             var activeids = ids.filter(function (k) {
+               return active[k];
+             });
 
+             if (which) {
+               // toggle one
+               active[which] = !active[which];
 
-           curtain.cut = function(datum, duration) {
-               darkness.datum(datum)
-                   .interrupt();
+               if (activeids.length === 1 && activeids[0] === which) {
+                 // none active anymore
+                 wasActive = [which];
+               }
 
-               var selection;
-               if (duration === 0) {
-                   selection = darkness;
+               context.container().select('.' + which + '-panel-toggle-item').classed('active', active[which]).select('input').property('checked', active[which]);
+             } else {
+               // toggle all
+               if (activeids.length) {
+                 wasActive = activeids;
+                 activeids.forEach(function (k) {
+                   active[k] = false;
+                 });
                } else {
-                   selection = darkness
-                       .transition()
-                       .duration(duration || 600)
-                       .ease(linear$1);
-               }
-
-               selection
-                   .attr('d', function(d) {
-                       var containerWidth = containerNode.clientWidth;
-                       var containerHeight = containerNode.clientHeight;
-                       var string = 'M 0,0 L 0,' + containerHeight + ' L ' +
-                           containerWidth + ',' + containerHeight + 'L' +
-                           containerWidth + ',0 Z';
-
-                       if (!d) return string;
-                       return string + 'M' +
-                           d.left + ',' + d.top + 'L' +
-                           d.left + ',' + (d.top + d.height) + 'L' +
-                           (d.left + d.width) + ',' + (d.top + d.height) + 'L' +
-                           (d.left + d.width) + ',' + (d.top) + 'Z';
+                 wasActive.forEach(function (k) {
+                   active[k] = true;
+                 });
+               }
+             }
 
-                   });
+             redraw();
            };
 
+           var infoPanels = selection.selectAll('.info-panels').data([0]);
+           infoPanels = infoPanels.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'info-panels').merge(infoPanels);
+           redraw();
+           context.keybinding().on(uiCmd('⌘' + _t('info_panels.key')), function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             info.toggle();
+           });
+           ids.forEach(function (k) {
+             var key = _t('info_panels.' + k + '.key', {
+               "default": null
+             });
+             if (!key) return;
+             context.keybinding().on(uiCmd('⌘⇧' + key), function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               info.toggle(k);
+             });
+           });
+         }
 
-           curtain.remove = function() {
-               surface.remove();
-               tooltip.remove();
-               select(window).on('resize.curtain', null);
-           };
-
+         return info;
+       }
 
-           // ClientRects are immutable, so copy them to an object,
-           // in case we need to trim the height/width.
-           function copyBox(src) {
-               return {
-                   top: src.top,
-                   right: src.right,
-                   bottom: src.bottom,
-                   left: src.left,
-                   width: src.width,
-                   height: src.height
-               };
-           }
+       function pointBox(loc, context) {
+         var rect = context.surfaceRect();
+         var point = context.curtainProjection(loc);
+         return {
+           left: point[0] + rect.left - 40,
+           top: point[1] + rect.top - 60,
+           width: 80,
+           height: 90
+         };
+       }
+       function pad(locOrBox, padding, context) {
+         var box;
 
+         if (locOrBox instanceof Array) {
+           var rect = context.surfaceRect();
+           var point = context.curtainProjection(locOrBox);
+           box = {
+             left: point[0] + rect.left,
+             top: point[1] + rect.top
+           };
+         } else {
+           box = locOrBox;
+         }
 
-           return curtain;
+         return {
+           left: box.left - padding,
+           top: box.top - padding,
+           width: (box.width || 0) + 2 * padding,
+           height: (box.width || 0) + 2 * padding
+         };
+       }
+       function icon(name, svgklass, useklass) {
+         return '<svg class="icon ' + (svgklass || '') + '">' + '<use xlink:href="' + name + '"' + (useklass ? ' class="' + useklass + '"' : '') + '></use></svg>';
        }
+       var helpStringReplacements; // Returns the localized HTML element for `id` with a standardized set of icon, key, and
+       // label replacements suitable for tutorials and documentation. Optionally supplemented
+       // with custom `replacements`
 
-       function uiIntroWelcome(context, reveal) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
+       function helpHtml(id, replacements) {
+         // only load these the first time
+         if (!helpStringReplacements) {
+           helpStringReplacements = {
+             // insert icons corresponding to various UI elements
+             point_icon: icon('#iD-icon-point', 'inline'),
+             line_icon: icon('#iD-icon-line', 'inline'),
+             area_icon: icon('#iD-icon-area', 'inline'),
+             note_icon: icon('#iD-icon-note', 'inline add-note'),
+             plus: icon('#iD-icon-plus', 'inline'),
+             minus: icon('#iD-icon-minus', 'inline'),
+             layers_icon: icon('#iD-icon-layers', 'inline'),
+             data_icon: icon('#iD-icon-data', 'inline'),
+             inspect: icon('#iD-icon-inspect', 'inline'),
+             help_icon: icon('#iD-icon-help', 'inline'),
+             undo_icon: icon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-redo' : '#iD-icon-undo', 'inline'),
+             redo_icon: icon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-undo' : '#iD-icon-redo', 'inline'),
+             save_icon: icon('#iD-icon-save', 'inline'),
+             // operation icons
+             circularize_icon: icon('#iD-operation-circularize', 'inline operation'),
+             continue_icon: icon('#iD-operation-continue', 'inline operation'),
+             copy_icon: icon('#iD-operation-copy', 'inline operation'),
+             delete_icon: icon('#iD-operation-delete', 'inline operation'),
+             disconnect_icon: icon('#iD-operation-disconnect', 'inline operation'),
+             downgrade_icon: icon('#iD-operation-downgrade', 'inline operation'),
+             extract_icon: icon('#iD-operation-extract', 'inline operation'),
+             merge_icon: icon('#iD-operation-merge', 'inline operation'),
+             move_icon: icon('#iD-operation-move', 'inline operation'),
+             orthogonalize_icon: icon('#iD-operation-orthogonalize', 'inline operation'),
+             paste_icon: icon('#iD-operation-paste', 'inline operation'),
+             reflect_long_icon: icon('#iD-operation-reflect-long', 'inline operation'),
+             reflect_short_icon: icon('#iD-operation-reflect-short', 'inline operation'),
+             reverse_icon: icon('#iD-operation-reverse', 'inline operation'),
+             rotate_icon: icon('#iD-operation-rotate', 'inline operation'),
+             split_icon: icon('#iD-operation-split', 'inline operation'),
+             straighten_icon: icon('#iD-operation-straighten', 'inline operation'),
+             // interaction icons
+             leftclick: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-left', 'inline operation'),
+             rightclick: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-right', 'inline operation'),
+             mousewheel_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mousewheel', 'inline operation'),
+             tap_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-tap', 'inline operation'),
+             doubletap_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-doubletap', 'inline operation'),
+             longpress_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-longpress', 'inline operation'),
+             touchdrag_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-touchdrag', 'inline operation'),
+             pinch_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-pinch-apart', 'inline operation'),
+             // insert keys; may be localized and platform-dependent
+             shift: uiCmd.display('⇧'),
+             alt: uiCmd.display('⌥'),
+             "return": uiCmd.display('↵'),
+             esc: _t.html('shortcuts.key.esc'),
+             space: _t.html('shortcuts.key.space'),
+             add_note_key: _t.html('modes.add_note.key'),
+             help_key: _t.html('help.key'),
+             shortcuts_key: _t.html('shortcuts.toggle.key'),
+             // reference localized UI labels directly so that they'll always match
+             save: _t.html('save.title'),
+             undo: _t.html('undo.title'),
+             redo: _t.html('redo.title'),
+             upload: _t.html('commit.save'),
+             point: _t.html('modes.add_point.title'),
+             line: _t.html('modes.add_line.title'),
+             area: _t.html('modes.add_area.title'),
+             note: _t.html('modes.add_note.label'),
+             circularize: _t.html('operations.circularize.title'),
+             "continue": _t.html('operations.continue.title'),
+             copy: _t.html('operations.copy.title'),
+             "delete": _t.html('operations.delete.title'),
+             disconnect: _t.html('operations.disconnect.title'),
+             downgrade: _t.html('operations.downgrade.title'),
+             extract: _t.html('operations.extract.title'),
+             merge: _t.html('operations.merge.title'),
+             move: _t.html('operations.move.title'),
+             orthogonalize: _t.html('operations.orthogonalize.title'),
+             paste: _t.html('operations.paste.title'),
+             reflect_long: _t.html('operations.reflect.title.long'),
+             reflect_short: _t.html('operations.reflect.title.short'),
+             reverse: _t.html('operations.reverse.title'),
+             rotate: _t.html('operations.rotate.title'),
+             split: _t.html('operations.split.title'),
+             straighten: _t.html('operations.straighten.title'),
+             map_data: _t.html('map_data.title'),
+             osm_notes: _t.html('map_data.layers.notes.title'),
+             fields: _t.html('inspector.fields'),
+             tags: _t.html('inspector.tags'),
+             relations: _t.html('inspector.relations'),
+             new_relation: _t.html('inspector.new_relation'),
+             turn_restrictions: _t.html('_tagging.presets.fields.restrictions.label'),
+             background_settings: _t.html('background.description'),
+             imagery_offset: _t.html('background.fix_misalignment'),
+             start_the_walkthrough: _t.html('splash.walkthrough'),
+             help: _t.html('help.title'),
+             ok: _t.html('intro.ok')
+           };
+
+           for (var key in helpStringReplacements) {
+             helpStringReplacements[key] = {
+               html: helpStringReplacements[key]
+             };
+           }
+         }
 
-           var chapter = {
-               title: 'intro.welcome.title'
-           };
+         var reps;
 
+         if (replacements) {
+           reps = Object.assign(replacements, helpStringReplacements);
+         } else {
+           reps = helpStringReplacements;
+         }
 
-           function welcome() {
-               context.map().centerZoom([-85.63591, 41.94285], 19);
-               reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-welcome',
-                   helpString('intro.welcome.welcome'),
-                   { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: practice }
-               );
-           }
+         return _t.html(id, reps) // use keyboard key styling for shortcuts
+         .replace(/\`(.*?)\`/g, '<kbd>$1</kbd>');
+       }
 
-           function practice() {
-               reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-welcome',
-                   helpString('intro.welcome.practice'),
-                   { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: words }
-               );
-           }
+       function slugify(text) {
+         return text.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, '-') // Replace spaces with -
+         .replace(/[^\w\-]+/g, '') // Remove all non-word chars
+         .replace(/\-\-+/g, '-') // Replace multiple - with single -
+         .replace(/^-+/, '') // Trim - from start of text
+         .replace(/-+$/, ''); // Trim - from end of text
+       } // console warning for missing walkthrough names
 
-           function words() {
-               reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-welcome',
-                   helpString('intro.welcome.words'),
-                   { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: chapters }
-               );
-           }
 
+       var missingStrings = {};
 
-           function chapters() {
-               dispatch$1.call('done');
-               reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-navigation',
-                   helpString('intro.welcome.chapters', { next: _t('intro.navigation.title') })
-               );
-           }
+       function checkKey(key, text) {
+         if (_t(key, {
+           "default": undefined
+         }) === undefined) {
+           if (missingStrings.hasOwnProperty(key)) return; // warn once
+
+           missingStrings[key] = text;
+           var missing = key + ': ' + text;
+           if (typeof console !== 'undefined') console.log(missing); // eslint-disable-line
+         }
+       }
 
+       function localize(obj) {
+         var key; // Assign name if entity has one..
 
-           chapter.enter = function() {
-               welcome();
-           };
+         var name = obj.tags && obj.tags.name;
 
+         if (name) {
+           key = 'intro.graph.name.' + slugify(name);
+           obj.tags.name = _t(key, {
+             "default": name
+           });
+           checkKey(key, name);
+         } // Assign street name if entity has one..
 
-           chapter.exit = function() {
-               context.container().select('.curtain-tooltip.intro-mouse')
-                   .selectAll('.counter')
-                   .remove();
-           };
 
+         var street = obj.tags && obj.tags['addr:street'];
 
-           chapter.restart = function() {
-               chapter.exit();
-               chapter.enter();
-           };
+         if (street) {
+           key = 'intro.graph.name.' + slugify(street);
+           obj.tags['addr:street'] = _t(key, {
+             "default": street
+           });
+           checkKey(key, street); // Add address details common across walkthrough..
+
+           var addrTags = ['block_number', 'city', 'county', 'district', 'hamlet', 'neighbourhood', 'postcode', 'province', 'quarter', 'state', 'subdistrict', 'suburb'];
+           addrTags.forEach(function (k) {
+             var key = 'intro.graph.' + k;
+             var tag = 'addr:' + k;
+             var val = obj.tags && obj.tags[tag];
+             var str = _t(key, {
+               "default": val
+             });
 
+             if (str) {
+               if (str.match(/^<.*>$/) !== null) {
+                 delete obj.tags[tag];
+               } else {
+                 obj.tags[tag] = str;
+               }
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-           return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+         return obj;
+       } // Used to detect squareness.. some duplicataion of code from actionOrthogonalize.
 
-       function uiIntroNavigation(context, reveal) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
-           var timeouts = [];
-           var hallId = 'n2061';
-           var townHall = [-85.63591, 41.94285];
-           var springStreetId = 'w397';
-           var springStreetEndId = 'n1834';
-           var springStreet = [-85.63582, 41.94255];
-           var onewayField = _mainPresetIndex.field('oneway');
-           var maxspeedField = _mainPresetIndex.field('maxspeed');
-
-
-           var chapter = {
-               title: 'intro.navigation.title'
-           };
+       function isMostlySquare(points) {
+         // note: uses 15 here instead of the 12 from actionOrthogonalize because
+         // actionOrthogonalize can actually straighten some larger angles as it iterates
+         var threshold = 15; // degrees within right or straight
 
+         var lowerBound = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180); // near right
 
-           function timeout(f, t) {
-               timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
-           }
+         var upperBound = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180); // near straight
 
+         for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
+           var a = points[(i - 1 + points.length) % points.length];
+           var origin = points[i];
+           var b = points[(i + 1) % points.length];
+           var dotp = geoVecNormalizedDot(a, b, origin);
+           var mag = Math.abs(dotp);
 
-           function eventCancel() {
-               event.stopPropagation();
-               event.preventDefault();
+           if (mag > lowerBound && mag < upperBound) {
+             return false;
            }
+         }
 
+         return true;
+       }
+       function selectMenuItem(context, operation) {
+         return context.container().select('.edit-menu .edit-menu-item-' + operation);
+       }
+       function transitionTime(point1, point2) {
+         var distance = geoSphericalDistance(point1, point2);
 
-           function isTownHallSelected() {
-               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-               return ids.length === 1 && ids[0] === hallId;
-           }
+         if (distance === 0) {
+           return 0;
+         } else if (distance < 80) {
+           return 500;
+         } else {
+           return 1000;
+         }
+       }
 
+       // hide class, which sets display=none, and a d3 transition for opacity.
+       // this will cause blinking when called repeatedly, so check that the
+       // value actually changes between calls.
 
-           function dragMap() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               context.history().reset('initial');
+       function uiToggle(show, callback) {
+         return function (selection) {
+           selection.style('opacity', show ? 0 : 1).classed('hide', false).transition().style('opacity', show ? 1 : 0).on('end', function () {
+             select(this).classed('hide', !show).style('opacity', null);
+             if (callback) callback.apply(this);
+           });
+         };
+       }
 
-               var msec = transitionTime(townHall, context.map().center());
-               if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
-               context.map().centerZoomEase(townHall, 19, msec);
+       function uiCurtain(containerNode) {
+         var surface = select(null),
+             tooltip = select(null),
+             darkness = select(null);
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   var centerStart = context.map().center();
+         function curtain(selection) {
+           surface = selection.append('svg').attr('class', 'curtain').style('top', 0).style('left', 0);
+           darkness = surface.append('path').attr('x', 0).attr('y', 0).attr('class', 'curtain-darkness');
+           select(window).on('resize.curtain', resize);
+           tooltip = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'tooltip');
+           tooltip.append('div').attr('class', 'popover-arrow');
+           tooltip.append('div').attr('class', 'popover-inner');
+           resize();
 
-                   var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'drag' : 'drag_touch';
-                   var dragString = helpString('intro.navigation.map_info') + '{br}' + helpString('intro.navigation.' + textId);
-                   reveal('.surface', dragString);
-                   context.map().on('drawn.intro', function() {
-                       reveal('.surface', dragString, { duration: 0 });
-                   });
+           function resize() {
+             surface.attr('width', containerNode.clientWidth).attr('height', containerNode.clientHeight);
+             curtain.cut(darkness.datum());
+           }
+         }
+         /**
+          * Reveal cuts the curtain to highlight the given box,
+          * and shows a tooltip with instructions next to the box.
+          *
+          * @param  {String|ClientRect} [box]   box used to cut the curtain
+          * @param  {String}    [text]          text for a tooltip
+          * @param  {Object}    [options]
+          * @param  {string}    [options.tooltipClass]    optional class to add to the tooltip
+          * @param  {integer}   [options.duration]        transition time in milliseconds
+          * @param  {string}    [options.buttonText]      if set, create a button with this text label
+          * @param  {function}  [options.buttonCallback]  if set, the callback for the button
+          * @param  {function}  [options.padding]         extra margin in px to put around bbox
+          * @param  {String|ClientRect} [options.tooltipBox]  box for tooltip position, if different from box for the curtain
+          */
 
-                   context.map().on('move.intro', function() {
-                       var centerNow = context.map().center();
-                       if (centerStart[0] !== centerNow[0] || centerStart[1] !== centerNow[1]) {
-                           context.map().on('move.intro', null);
-                           timeout(function() { continueTo(zoomMap); }, 3000);
-                       }
-                   });
 
-               }, msec + 100);
+         curtain.reveal = function (box, html, options) {
+           options = options || {};
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           if (typeof box === 'string') {
+             box = select(box).node();
            }
 
+           if (box && box.getBoundingClientRect) {
+             box = copyBox(box.getBoundingClientRect());
+             var containerRect = containerNode.getBoundingClientRect();
+             box.top -= containerRect.top;
+             box.left -= containerRect.left;
+           }
 
-           function zoomMap() {
-               var zoomStart = context.map().zoom();
-
-               var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'zoom' : 'zoom_touch';
-               var zoomString = helpString('intro.navigation.' + textId);
+           if (box && options.padding) {
+             box.top -= options.padding;
+             box.left -= options.padding;
+             box.bottom += options.padding;
+             box.right += options.padding;
+             box.height += options.padding * 2;
+             box.width += options.padding * 2;
+           }
 
-               reveal('.surface', zoomString);
+           var tooltipBox;
 
-               context.map().on('drawn.intro', function() {
-                   reveal('.surface', zoomString, { duration: 0 });
-               });
+           if (options.tooltipBox) {
+             tooltipBox = options.tooltipBox;
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro', function() {
-                   if (context.map().zoom() !== zoomStart) {
-                       context.map().on('move.intro', null);
-                       timeout(function() { continueTo(features); }, 3000);
-                   }
-               });
+             if (typeof tooltipBox === 'string') {
+               tooltipBox = select(tooltipBox).node();
+             }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+             if (tooltipBox && tooltipBox.getBoundingClientRect) {
+               tooltipBox = copyBox(tooltipBox.getBoundingClientRect());
+             }
+           } else {
+             tooltipBox = box;
            }
 
+           if (tooltipBox && html) {
+             if (html.indexOf('**') !== -1) {
+               if (html.indexOf('<span') === 0) {
+                 html = html.replace(/^(<span.*?>)(.+?)(\*\*)/, '$1<span>$2</span>$3');
+               } else {
+                 html = html.replace(/^(.+?)(\*\*)/, '<span>$1</span>$2');
+               } // pseudo markdown bold text for the instruction section..
 
-           function features() {
-               var onClick = function() { continueTo(pointsLinesAreas); };
 
-               reveal('.surface', helpString('intro.navigation.features'),
-                   { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
-               );
+               html = html.replace(/\*\*(.*?)\*\*/g, '<span class="instruction">$1</span>');
+             }
 
-               context.map().on('drawn.intro', function() {
-                   reveal('.surface', helpString('intro.navigation.features'),
-                       { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
-                   );
-               });
+             html = html.replace(/\*(.*?)\*/g, '<em>$1</em>'); // emphasis
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('drawn.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+             html = html.replace(/\{br\}/g, '<br/><br/>'); // linebreak
 
-           function pointsLinesAreas() {
-               var onClick = function() { continueTo(nodesWays); };
+             if (options.buttonText && options.buttonCallback) {
+               html += '<div class="button-section">' + '<button href="#" class="button action">' + options.buttonText + '</button></div>';
+             }
 
-               reveal('.surface', helpString('intro.navigation.points_lines_areas'),
-                   { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
-               );
+             var classes = 'curtain-tooltip popover tooltip arrowed in ' + (options.tooltipClass || '');
+             tooltip.classed(classes, true).selectAll('.popover-inner').html(html);
 
-               context.map().on('drawn.intro', function() {
-                   reveal('.surface', helpString('intro.navigation.points_lines_areas'),
-                       { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
-                   );
+             if (options.buttonText && options.buttonCallback) {
+               var button = tooltip.selectAll('.button-section .button.action');
+               button.on('click', function (d3_event) {
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+                 options.buttonCallback();
                });
+             }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('drawn.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+             var tip = copyBox(tooltip.node().getBoundingClientRect()),
+                 w = containerNode.clientWidth,
+                 h = containerNode.clientHeight,
+                 tooltipWidth = 200,
+                 tooltipArrow = 5,
+                 side,
+                 pos; // hack: this will have bottom placement,
+             // so need to reserve extra space for the tooltip illustration.
 
-           function nodesWays() {
-               var onClick = function() { continueTo(clickTownHall); };
+             if (options.tooltipClass === 'intro-mouse') {
+               tip.height += 80;
+             } // trim box dimensions to just the portion that fits in the container..
 
-               reveal('.surface', helpString('intro.navigation.nodes_ways'),
-                   { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
-               );
 
-               context.map().on('drawn.intro', function() {
-                   reveal('.surface', helpString('intro.navigation.nodes_ways'),
-                       { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
-                   );
-               });
+             if (tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height > h) {
+               tooltipBox.height -= tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height - h;
+             }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('drawn.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+             if (tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width > w) {
+               tooltipBox.width -= tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width - w;
+             } // determine tooltip placement..
 
-           function clickTownHall() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               context.history().reset('initial');
 
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
-               if (!entity) return;
-               reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 });
-               context.map().centerZoomEase(entity.loc, 19, 500);
-
-               timeout(function() {
-                   var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
-                   if (!entity) return;
-                   var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-                   var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click_townhall' : 'tap_townhall';
-                   reveal(box, helpString('intro.navigation.' + textId));
-
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                       var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
-                       if (!entity) return;
-                       var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-                       reveal(box, helpString('intro.navigation.' + textId), { duration: 0 });
-                   });
+             if (tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height < 100) {
+               // tooltip below box..
+               side = 'bottom';
+               pos = [tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width / 2 - tip.width / 2, tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height];
+             } else if (tooltipBox.top > h - 140) {
+               // tooltip above box..
+               side = 'top';
+               pos = [tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width / 2 - tip.width / 2, tooltipBox.top - tip.height];
+             } else {
+               // tooltip to the side of the tooltipBox..
+               var tipY = tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height / 2 - tip.height / 2;
 
-                   context.on('enter.intro', function() {
-                       if (isTownHallSelected()) continueTo(selectedTownHall);
-                   });
+               if (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') {
+                 if (tooltipBox.left - tooltipWidth - tooltipArrow < 70) {
+                   side = 'right';
+                   pos = [tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width + tooltipArrow, tipY];
+                 } else {
+                   side = 'left';
+                   pos = [tooltipBox.left - tooltipWidth - tooltipArrow, tipY];
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 if (tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width + tooltipArrow + tooltipWidth > w - 70) {
+                   side = 'left';
+                   pos = [tooltipBox.left - tooltipWidth - tooltipArrow, tipY];
+                 } else {
+                   side = 'right';
+                   pos = [tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width + tooltipArrow, tipY];
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+
+             if (options.duration !== 0 || !tooltip.classed(side)) {
+               tooltip.call(uiToggle(true));
+             }
 
-               }, 550);  // after centerZoomEase
+             tooltip.style('top', pos[1] + 'px').style('left', pos[0] + 'px').attr('class', classes + ' ' + side); // shift popover-inner if it is very close to the top or bottom edge
+             // (doesn't affect the placement of the popover-arrow)
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
-                       continueTo(clickTownHall);
-                   }
-               });
+             var shiftY = 0;
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
+             if (side === 'left' || side === 'right') {
+               if (pos[1] < 60) {
+                 shiftY = 60 - pos[1];
+               } else if (pos[1] + tip.height > h - 100) {
+                 shiftY = h - pos[1] - tip.height - 100;
                }
+             }
+
+             tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner').style('top', shiftY + 'px');
+           } else {
+             tooltip.classed('in', false).call(uiToggle(false));
            }
 
+           curtain.cut(box, options.duration);
+           return tooltip;
+         };
 
-           function selectedTownHall() {
-               if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall();
+         curtain.cut = function (datum, duration) {
+           darkness.datum(datum).interrupt();
+           var selection;
 
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
-               if (!entity) return clickTownHall();
+           if (duration === 0) {
+             selection = darkness;
+           } else {
+             selection = darkness.transition().duration(duration || 600).ease(linear$1);
+           }
 
-               var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-               var onClick = function() { continueTo(editorTownHall); };
+           selection.attr('d', function (d) {
+             var containerWidth = containerNode.clientWidth;
+             var containerHeight = containerNode.clientHeight;
+             var string = 'M 0,0 L 0,' + containerHeight + ' L ' + containerWidth + ',' + containerHeight + 'L' + containerWidth + ',0 Z';
+             if (!d) return string;
+             return string + 'M' + d.left + ',' + d.top + 'L' + d.left + ',' + (d.top + d.height) + 'L' + (d.left + d.width) + ',' + (d.top + d.height) + 'L' + (d.left + d.width) + ',' + d.top + 'Z';
+           });
+         };
 
-               reveal(box, helpString('intro.navigation.selected_townhall'),
-                   { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
-               );
+         curtain.remove = function () {
+           surface.remove();
+           tooltip.remove();
+           select(window).on('resize.curtain', null);
+         }; // ClientRects are immutable, so copy them to an object,
+         // in case we need to trim the height/width.
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                   var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
-                   if (!entity) return;
-                   var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-                   reveal(box, helpString('intro.navigation.selected_townhall'),
-                       { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
-                   );
-               });
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
-                       continueTo(clickTownHall);
-                   }
-               });
+         function copyBox(src) {
+           return {
+             top: src.top,
+             right: src.right,
+             bottom: src.bottom,
+             left: src.left,
+             width: src.width,
+             height: src.height
+           };
+         }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+         return curtain;
+       }
 
+       function uiIntroWelcome(context, reveal) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('done');
+         var chapter = {
+           title: 'intro.welcome.title'
+         };
 
-           function editorTownHall() {
-               if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall();
+         function welcome() {
+           context.map().centerZoom([-85.63591, 41.94285], 19);
+           reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-welcome', helpHtml('intro.welcome.welcome'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: practice
+           });
+         }
 
-               // disallow scrolling
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+         function practice() {
+           reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-welcome', helpHtml('intro.welcome.practice'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: words
+           });
+         }
 
-               var onClick = function() { continueTo(presetTownHall); };
+         function words() {
+           reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-welcome', helpHtml('intro.welcome.words'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: chapters
+           });
+         }
 
-               reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
-                   helpString('intro.navigation.editor_townhall'),
-                   { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
-               );
+         function chapters() {
+           dispatch.call('done');
+           reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-navigation', helpHtml('intro.welcome.chapters', {
+             next: _t('intro.navigation.title')
+           }));
+         }
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(clickTownHall);
-               });
+         chapter.enter = function () {
+           welcome();
+         };
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
-                       continueTo(clickTownHall);
-                   }
-               });
+         chapter.exit = function () {
+           context.container().select('.curtain-tooltip.intro-mouse').selectAll('.counter').remove();
+         };
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+         chapter.restart = function () {
+           chapter.exit();
+           chapter.enter();
+         };
 
+         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           function presetTownHall() {
-               if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall();
+       function uiIntroNavigation(context, reveal) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('done');
+         var timeouts = [];
+         var hallId = 'n2061';
+         var townHall = [-85.63591, 41.94285];
+         var springStreetId = 'w397';
+         var springStreetEndId = 'n1834';
+         var springStreet = [-85.63582, 41.94255];
+         var onewayField = _mainPresetIndex.field('oneway');
+         var maxspeedField = _mainPresetIndex.field('maxspeed');
+         var chapter = {
+           title: 'intro.navigation.title'
+         };
 
-               // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
-               // disallow scrolling
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+         function timeout(f, t) {
+           timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
+         }
 
-               // preset match, in case the user happened to change it.
-               var entity = context.entity(context.selectedIDs()[0]);
-               var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+         function eventCancel(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+         }
 
-               var onClick = function() { continueTo(fieldsTownHall); };
+         function isTownHallSelected() {
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+           return ids.length === 1 && ids[0] === hallId;
+         }
 
-               reveal('.entity-editor-pane .section-feature-type',
-                   helpString('intro.navigation.preset_townhall', { preset: preset.name() }),
-                   { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
-               );
+         function dragMap() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('initial');
+           var msec = transitionTime(townHall, context.map().center());
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(clickTownHall);
-               });
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           }
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
-                       continueTo(clickTownHall);
-                   }
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(townHall, 19, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var centerStart = context.map().center();
+             var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'drag' : 'drag_touch';
+             var dragString = helpHtml('intro.navigation.map_info') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.navigation.' + textId);
+             reveal('.surface', dragString);
+             context.map().on('drawn.intro', function () {
+               reveal('.surface', dragString, {
+                 duration: 0
                });
+             });
+             context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
+               var centerNow = context.map().center();
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
+               if (centerStart[0] !== centerNow[0] || centerStart[1] !== centerNow[1]) {
+                 context.map().on('move.intro', null);
+                 timeout(function () {
+                   continueTo(zoomMap);
+                 }, 3000);
                }
-           }
-
-
-           function fieldsTownHall() {
-               if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall();
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
 
-               // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
-               // disallow scrolling
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               var onClick = function() { continueTo(closeTownHall); };
+         function zoomMap() {
+           var zoomStart = context.map().zoom();
+           var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'zoom' : 'zoom_touch';
+           var zoomString = helpHtml('intro.navigation.' + textId);
+           reveal('.surface', zoomString);
+           context.map().on('drawn.intro', function () {
+             reveal('.surface', zoomString, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
+             if (context.map().zoom() !== zoomStart) {
+               context.map().on('move.intro', null);
+               timeout(function () {
+                 continueTo(features);
+               }, 3000);
+             }
+           });
 
-               reveal('.entity-editor-pane .section-preset-fields',
-                   helpString('intro.navigation.fields_townhall'),
-                   { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
-               );
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(clickTownHall);
-               });
+         function features() {
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(pointsLinesAreas);
+           };
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
-                       continueTo(clickTownHall);
-                   }
-               });
+           reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.features'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           context.map().on('drawn.intro', function () {
+             reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.features'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: onClick
+             });
+           });
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function pointsLinesAreas() {
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(nodesWays);
+           };
 
-           function closeTownHall() {
-               if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall();
+           reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.points_lines_areas'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           context.map().on('drawn.intro', function () {
+             reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.points_lines_areas'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: onClick
+             });
+           });
 
-               var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
-               var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
-                   helpString('intro.navigation.close_townhall', { button: icon(href, 'pre-text') })
-               );
+         function nodesWays() {
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(clickTownHall);
+           };
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(searchStreet);
-               });
+           reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.nodes_ways'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           context.map().on('drawn.intro', function () {
+             reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.navigation.nodes_ways'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: onClick
+             });
+           });
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   // update the close icon in the tooltip if the user edits something.
-                   var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
-                   var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-                   reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
-                       helpString('intro.navigation.close_townhall', { button: icon(href, 'pre-text') }),
-                       { duration: 0 }
-                   );
+         function clickTownHall() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('initial');
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
+           if (!entity) return;
+           reveal(null, null, {
+             duration: 0
+           });
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(entity.loc, 19, 500);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
+             if (!entity) return;
+             var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+             var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click_townhall' : 'tap_townhall';
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.' + textId));
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
+               if (!entity) return;
+               var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.' + textId), {
+                 duration: 0
                });
+             });
+             context.on('enter.intro', function () {
+               if (isTownHallSelected()) continueTo(selectedTownHall);
+             });
+           }, 550); // after centerZoomEase
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
+               continueTo(clickTownHall);
+             }
+           });
 
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-           function searchStreet() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               context.history().reset('initial');  // ensure spring street exists
+         function selectedTownHall() {
+           if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall();
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
+           if (!entity) return clickTownHall();
+           var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
 
-               var msec = transitionTime(springStreet, context.map().center());
-               if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
-               context.map().centerZoomEase(springStreet, 19, msec);  // ..and user can see it
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(editorTownHall);
+           };
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   reveal('.search-header input',
-                       helpString('intro.navigation.search_street', { name: _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street') })
-                   );
+           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.selected_townhall'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
+             if (!entity) return;
+             var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.selected_townhall'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: onClick
+             });
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
+               continueTo(clickTownHall);
+             }
+           });
 
-                   context.container().select('.search-header input')
-                       .on('keyup.intro', checkSearchResult);
-               }, msec + 100);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function editorTownHall() {
+           if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall(); // disallow scrolling
 
-           function checkSearchResult() {
-               var first = context.container().select('.feature-list-item:nth-child(0n+2)');  // skip "No Results" item
-               var firstName = first.select('.entity-name');
-               var name = _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street');
-
-               if (!firstName.empty() && firstName.text() === name) {
-                   reveal(first.node(),
-                       helpString('intro.navigation.choose_street', { name: name }),
-                       { duration: 300 }
-                   );
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
 
-                   context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                       continueTo(selectedStreet);
-                   });
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(presetTownHall);
+           };
 
-                   context.container().select('.search-header input')
-                       .on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true)
-                       .on('keyup.intro', null);
-               }
+           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.navigation.editor_townhall'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(clickTownHall);
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
+               continueTo(clickTownHall);
+             }
+           });
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   context.container().select('.search-header input')
-                       .on('keydown.intro', null)
-                       .on('keyup.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function presetTownHall() {
+           if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall(); // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
 
-           function selectedStreet() {
-               if (!context.hasEntity(springStreetEndId) || !context.hasEntity(springStreetId)) {
-                   return searchStreet();
-               }
-
-               var onClick = function() { continueTo(editorStreet); };
-               var entity = context.entity(springStreetEndId);
-               var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-               box.height = 500;
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%'); // disallow scrolling
 
-               reveal(box,
-                   helpString('intro.navigation.selected_street', { name: _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street') }),
-                   { duration: 600, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
-               );
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel); // preset match, in case the user happened to change it.
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                       var entity = context.hasEntity(springStreetEndId);
-                       if (!entity) return;
-                       var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-                       box.height = 500;
-                       reveal(box,
-                           helpString('intro.navigation.selected_street', { name: _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street') }),
-                           { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
-                       );
-                   });
-               }, 600);  // after reveal.
+           var entity = context.entity(context.selectedIDs()[0]);
+           var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (!context.hasEntity(springStreetId)) {
-                       return continueTo(searchStreet);
-                   }
-                   var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-                   if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== springStreetId) {
-                       // keep Spring Street selected..
-                       context.enter(modeSelect(context, [springStreetId]));
-                   }
-               });
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(fieldsTownHall);
+           };
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   if (!context.hasEntity(springStreetEndId) || !context.hasEntity(springStreetId)) {
-                       timeout(function() {
-                           continueTo(searchStreet);
-                       }, 300);  // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
-                   }
-               });
+           reveal('.entity-editor-pane .section-feature-type', helpHtml('intro.navigation.preset_townhall', {
+             preset: preset.name()
+           }), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(clickTownHall);
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
+               continueTo(clickTownHall);
+             }
+           });
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function fieldsTownHall() {
+           if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall(); // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
 
-           function editorStreet() {
-               var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
-               var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%'); // disallow scrolling
 
-               reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpString('intro.navigation.street_different_fields') + '{br}' +
-                   helpString('intro.navigation.editor_street', {
-                       button: icon(href, 'pre-text'),
-                       field1: onewayField.label(),
-                       field2: maxspeedField.label()
-                   }));
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(play);
-               });
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(closeTownHall);
+           };
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   // update the close icon in the tooltip if the user edits something.
-                   var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
-                   var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
-
-                   reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpString('intro.navigation.street_different_fields') + '{br}' +
-                       helpString('intro.navigation.editor_street', {
-                           button: icon(href, 'pre-text'),
-                           field1: onewayField.label(),
-                           field2: maxspeedField.label()
-                       }), { duration: 0 }
-                   );
-               });
+           reveal('.entity-editor-pane .section-preset-fields', helpHtml('intro.navigation.fields_townhall'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(clickTownHall);
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
+               continueTo(clickTownHall);
+             }
+           });
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function closeTownHall() {
+           if (!isTownHallSelected()) return clickTownHall();
+           var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
+           var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
+           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.navigation.close_townhall', {
+             button: {
+               html: icon(href, 'inline')
+             }
+           }));
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(searchStreet);
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             // update the close icon in the tooltip if the user edits something.
+             var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
+             var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
+             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.navigation.close_townhall', {
+               button: {
+                 html: icon(href, 'inline')
+               }
+             }), {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
 
-           function play() {
-               dispatch$1.call('done');
-               reveal('.ideditor',
-                   helpString('intro.navigation.play', { next: _t('intro.points.title') }), {
-                       tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-point',
-                       buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
-                       buttonCallback: function() { reveal('.ideditor'); }
-                   }
-               );
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function searchStreet() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('initial'); // ensure spring street exists
 
-           chapter.enter = function() {
-               dragMap();
-           };
+           var msec = transitionTime(springStreet, context.map().center());
 
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           }
 
-           chapter.exit = function() {
-               timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
-               context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-               context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-               context.container().select('.search-header input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
-           };
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(springStreet, 19, msec); // ..and user can see it
 
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('.search-header input', helpHtml('intro.navigation.search_street', {
+               name: _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street')
+             }));
+             context.container().select('.search-header input').on('keyup.intro', checkSearchResult);
+           }, msec + 100);
+         }
 
-           chapter.restart = function() {
-               chapter.exit();
-               chapter.enter();
-           };
+         function checkSearchResult() {
+           var first = context.container().select('.feature-list-item:nth-child(0n+2)'); // skip "No Results" item
 
+           var firstName = first.select('.entity-name');
+           var name = _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street');
 
-           return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           if (!firstName.empty() && firstName.html() === name) {
+             reveal(first.node(), helpHtml('intro.navigation.choose_street', {
+               name: name
+             }), {
+               duration: 300
+             });
+             context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+               continueTo(selectedStreet);
+             });
+             context.container().select('.search-header input').on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true).on('keyup.intro', null);
+           }
 
-       function uiIntroPoint(context, reveal) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
-           var timeouts = [];
-           var intersection = [-85.63279, 41.94394];
-           var building = [-85.632422, 41.944045];
-           var cafePreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('amenity/cafe');
-           var _pointID = null;
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.search-header input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
+         function selectedStreet() {
+           if (!context.hasEntity(springStreetEndId) || !context.hasEntity(springStreetId)) {
+             return searchStreet();
+           }
 
-           var chapter = {
-               title: 'intro.points.title'
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(editorStreet);
            };
 
+           var entity = context.entity(springStreetEndId);
+           var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+           box.height = 500;
+           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.selected_street', {
+             name: _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street')
+           }), {
+             duration: 600,
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(springStreetEndId);
+               if (!entity) return;
+               var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+               box.height = 500;
+               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.navigation.selected_street', {
+                 name: _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street')
+               }), {
+                 duration: 0,
+                 buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+                 buttonCallback: onClick
+               });
+             });
+           }, 600); // after reveal.
+
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(springStreetId)) {
+               return continueTo(searchStreet);
+             }
 
-           function timeout(f, t) {
-               timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
-           }
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
+             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== springStreetId) {
+               // keep Spring Street selected..
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [springStreetId]));
+             }
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(springStreetEndId) || !context.hasEntity(springStreetId)) {
+               timeout(function () {
+                 continueTo(searchStreet);
+               }, 300); // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
+             }
+           });
 
-           function eventCancel() {
-               event.stopPropagation();
-               event.preventDefault();
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function editorStreet() {
+           var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
+           var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
+           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.navigation.street_different_fields') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.navigation.editor_street', {
+             button: {
+               html: icon(href, 'inline')
+             },
+             field1: {
+               html: onewayField.label()
+             },
+             field2: {
+               html: maxspeedField.label()
+             }
+           }));
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(play);
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             // update the close icon in the tooltip if the user edits something.
+             var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
+             var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
+             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.navigation.street_different_fields') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.navigation.editor_street', {
+               button: {
+                 html: icon(href, 'inline')
+               },
+               field1: {
+                 html: onewayField.label()
+               },
+               field2: {
+                 html: maxspeedField.label()
+               }
+             }), {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
 
-           function addPoint() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               context.history().reset('initial');
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               var msec = transitionTime(intersection, context.map().center());
-               if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
-               context.map().centerZoomEase(intersection, 19, msec);
+         function play() {
+           dispatch.call('done');
+           reveal('.ideditor', helpHtml('intro.navigation.play', {
+             next: _t('intro.points.title')
+           }), {
+             tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-point',
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               reveal('.ideditor');
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   var tooltip = reveal('button.add-point',
-                       helpString('intro.points.points_info') + '{br}' + helpString('intro.points.add_point'));
+         chapter.enter = function () {
+           dragMap();
+         };
 
-                   _pointID = null;
+         chapter.exit = function () {
+           timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
+           context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+           context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.search-header input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
+         };
 
-                   tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner')
-                       .insert('svg', 'span')
-                       .attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration')
-                       .append('use')
-                       .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-points');
+         chapter.restart = function () {
+           chapter.exit();
+           chapter.enter();
+         };
 
-                   context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                       if (mode.id !== 'add-point') return;
-                       continueTo(placePoint);
-                   });
-               }, msec + 100);
+         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+       function uiIntroPoint(context, reveal) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('done');
+         var timeouts = [];
+         var intersection = [-85.63279, 41.94394];
+         var building = [-85.632422, 41.944045];
+         var cafePreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('amenity/cafe');
+         var _pointID = null;
+         var chapter = {
+           title: 'intro.points.title'
+         };
 
+         function timeout(f, t) {
+           timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
+         }
 
-           function placePoint() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'add-point') {
-                   return chapter.restart();
-               }
+         function eventCancel(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+         }
 
-               var pointBox = pad(building, 150, context);
-               var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'place_point' : 'place_point_touch';
-               reveal(pointBox, helpString('intro.points.' + textId));
+         function addPoint() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('initial');
+           var msec = transitionTime(intersection, context.map().center());
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                   pointBox = pad(building, 150, context);
-                   reveal(pointBox, helpString('intro.points.' + textId), { duration: 0 });
-               });
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           }
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (mode.id !== 'select') return chapter.restart();
-                   _pointID = context.mode().selectedIDs()[0];
-                   continueTo(searchPreset);
-               });
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(intersection, 19, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var tooltip = reveal('button.add-point', helpHtml('intro.points.points_info') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.points.add_point'));
+             _pointID = null;
+             tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner').insert('svg', 'span').attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-points');
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'add-point') return;
+               continueTo(placePoint);
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function placePoint() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'add-point') {
+             return chapter.restart();
+           }
 
-           function searchPreset() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
-                   return addPoint();
-               }
+           var pointBox = pad(building, 150, context);
+           var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'place_point' : 'place_point_touch';
+           reveal(pointBox, helpHtml('intro.points.' + textId));
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             pointBox = pad(building, 150, context);
+             reveal(pointBox, helpHtml('intro.points.' + textId), {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id !== 'select') return chapter.restart();
+             _pointID = context.mode().selectedIDs()[0];
+             continueTo(searchPreset);
+           });
 
-               // disallow scrolling
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
-                   .on('keydown.intro', null)
-                   .on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+         function searchPreset() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
+             return addPoint();
+           } // disallow scrolling
 
-               reveal('.preset-search-input',
-                   helpString('intro.points.search_cafe', { preset: cafePreset.name() })
-               );
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (!_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
-                       return continueTo(addPoint);
-                   }
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+           reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.points.search_cafe', {
+             preset: cafePreset.name()
+           }));
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (!_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
+               return continueTo(addPoint);
+             }
 
-                   var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-                   if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _pointID) {
-                       // keep the user's point selected..
-                       context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_pointID]));
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-                       // disallow scrolling
-                       context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _pointID) {
+               // keep the user's point selected..
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_pointID])); // disallow scrolling
 
-                       context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
-                           .on('keydown.intro', null)
-                           .on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+               reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.points.search_cafe', {
+                 preset: cafePreset.name()
+               }));
+               context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             }
+           });
 
-                       reveal('.preset-search-input',
-                           helpString('intro.points.search_cafe', { preset: cafePreset.name() })
-                       );
+           function checkPresetSearch() {
+             var first = context.container().select('.preset-list-item:first-child');
 
-                       context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   }
+             if (first.classed('preset-amenity-cafe')) {
+               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true).on('keyup.intro', null);
+               reveal(first.select('.preset-list-button').node(), helpHtml('intro.points.choose_cafe', {
+                 preset: cafePreset.name()
+               }), {
+                 duration: 300
                });
+               context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+                 continueTo(aboutFeatureEditor);
+               });
+             }
+           }
 
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               function checkPresetSearch() {
-                   var first = context.container().select('.preset-list-item:first-child');
-
-                   if (first.classed('preset-amenity-cafe')) {
-                       context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
-                           .on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true)
-                           .on('keyup.intro', null);
-
-                       reveal(first.select('.preset-list-button').node(),
-                           helpString('intro.points.choose_cafe', { preset: cafePreset.name() }),
-                           { duration: 300 }
-                       );
+         function aboutFeatureEditor() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
+             return addPoint();
+           }
 
-                       context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                           continueTo(aboutFeatureEditor);
-                       });
-                   }
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.points.feature_editor'), {
+               tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe',
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+                 continueTo(addName);
                }
+             });
+           }, 400);
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             // if user leaves select mode here, just continue with the tutorial.
+             continueTo(reselectPoint);
+           });
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-                   context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function addName() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
+             return addPoint();
+           } // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
 
-           function aboutFeatureEditor() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
-                   return addPoint();
-               }
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpString('intro.points.feature_editor'), {
-                       tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe',
-                       buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
-                       buttonCallback: function() { continueTo(addName); }
-                   });
-               }, 400);
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+           var addNameString = helpHtml('intro.points.fields_info') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.points.add_name');
+           timeout(function () {
+             // It's possible for the user to add a name in a previous step..
+             // If so, don't tell them to add the name in this step.
+             // Give them an OK button instead.
+             var entity = context.entity(_pointID);
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   // if user leaves select mode here, just continue with the tutorial.
-                   continueTo(reselectPoint);
+             if (entity.tags.name) {
+               var tooltip = reveal('.entity-editor-pane', addNameString, {
+                 tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe',
+                 buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+                 buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+                   continueTo(addCloseEditor);
+                 }
+               });
+               tooltip.select('.instruction').style('display', 'none');
+             } else {
+               reveal('.entity-editor-pane', addNameString, {
+                 tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe'
                });
+             }
+           }, 400);
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(addCloseEditor);
+           });
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             // if user leaves select mode here, just continue with the tutorial.
+             continueTo(reselectPoint);
+           });
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function addCloseEditor() {
+           // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+           var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
+           var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(reselectPoint);
+           });
+           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.points.add_close', {
+             button: {
+               html: icon(href, 'inline')
+             }
+           }));
 
-           function addName() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
-                   return addPoint();
-               }
-
-               // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               var addNameString = helpString('intro.points.fields_info') + '{br}' + helpString('intro.points.add_name');
+         function reselectPoint() {
+           if (!_pointID) return chapter.restart();
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
+           if (!entity) return chapter.restart(); // make sure it's still a cafe, in case user somehow changed it..
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   // It's possible for the user to add a name in a previous step..
-                   // If so, don't tell them to add the name in this step.
-                   // Give them an OK button instead.
-                   var entity = context.entity(_pointID);
-                   if (entity.tags.name) {
-                       var tooltip = reveal('.entity-editor-pane', addNameString, {
-                           tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe',
-                           buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
-                           buttonCallback: function() { continueTo(addCloseEditor); }
-                       });
-                       tooltip.select('.instruction').style('display', 'none');
+           var oldPreset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+           context.replace(actionChangePreset(_pointID, oldPreset, cafePreset));
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           var msec = transitionTime(entity.loc, context.map().center());
 
-                   } else {
-                       reveal('.entity-editor-pane', addNameString,
-                           { tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe' }
-                       );
-                   }
-               }, 400);
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           }
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(addCloseEditor);
+           context.map().centerEase(entity.loc, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.points.reselect'), {
+               duration: 600
+             });
+             timeout(function () {
+               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+                 var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
+                 if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
+                 var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+                 reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.points.reselect'), {
+                   duration: 0
+                 });
                });
+             }, 600); // after reveal..
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   // if user leaves select mode here, just continue with the tutorial.
-                   continueTo(reselectPoint);
-               });
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
+               continueTo(updatePoint);
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function updatePoint() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
+             return continueTo(reselectPoint);
+           } // reset pane, in case user happened to untag the point..
 
-           function addCloseEditor() {
-               // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
 
-               var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
-               var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(reselectPoint);
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(updateCloseEditor);
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.points.update'), {
+               tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe'
+             });
+           }, 400);
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(reselectPoint);
-               });
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
+
+         function updateCloseEditor() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
+             return continueTo(reselectPoint);
+           } // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
 
-               reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
-                   helpString('intro.points.add_close', { button: icon(href, 'pre-text') })
-               );
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(rightClickPoint);
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.points.update_close', {
+               button: {
+                 html: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'inline')
                }
-           }
+             }));
+           }, 500);
 
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-           function reselectPoint() {
-               if (!_pointID) return chapter.restart();
+         function rightClickPoint() {
+           if (!_pointID) return chapter.restart();
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
+           if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+           var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick' : 'edit_menu_touch';
+           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.points.' + textId), {
+             duration: 600
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
                var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
                if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
+               var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
+               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.points.' + textId), {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+           }, 600); // after reveal
 
-               // make sure it's still a cafe, in case user somehow changed it..
-               var oldPreset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-               context.replace(actionChangePreset(_pointID, oldPreset, cafePreset));
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+             if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== _pointID) return;
+             timeout(function () {
+               var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
+               if (!node) return;
+               continueTo(enterDelete);
+             }, 50); // after menu visible
+           });
 
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.map().on('move.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               var msec = transitionTime(entity.loc, context.map().center());
-               if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
-               context.map().centerEase(entity.loc, msec);
+         function enterDelete() {
+           if (!_pointID) return chapter.restart();
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
+           if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
+           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-                   reveal(box, helpString('intro.points.reselect'), { duration: 600 });
+           if (!node) {
+             return continueTo(rightClickPoint);
+           }
 
-                   timeout(function() {
-                       context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                           var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
-                           if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
-                           var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-                           reveal(box, helpString('intro.points.reselect'), { duration: 0 });
-                       });
-                   }, 600); // after reveal..
+           reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.points.delete'), {
+             padding: 50
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
+               reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.points.delete'), {
+                 duration: 0,
+                 padding: 50
+               });
+             });
+           }, 300); // after menu visible
 
-                   context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                       if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
-                       continueTo(updatePoint);
-                   });
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             if (!_pointID) return chapter.restart();
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
+             if (entity) return continueTo(rightClickPoint); // point still exists
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function (changed) {
+             if (changed.deleted().length) {
+               continueTo(undo);
+             }
+           });
 
-               }, msec + 100);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+         function undo() {
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(play);
+           });
+           reveal('.top-toolbar button.undo-button', helpHtml('intro.points.undo'));
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function play() {
+           dispatch.call('done');
+           reveal('.ideditor', helpHtml('intro.points.play', {
+             next: _t('intro.areas.title')
+           }), {
+             tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-area',
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               reveal('.ideditor');
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-           function updatePoint() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
-                   return continueTo(reselectPoint);
-               }
+         chapter.enter = function () {
+           addPoint();
+         };
 
-               // reset pane, in case user happened to untag the point..
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+         chapter.exit = function () {
+           timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
+           context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+           context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
+         };
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(reselectPoint);
-               });
+         chapter.restart = function () {
+           chapter.exit();
+           chapter.enter();
+         };
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(updateCloseEditor);
-               });
+         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpString('intro.points.update'),
-                       { tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe' }
-                   );
-               }, 400);
+       function uiIntroArea(context, reveal) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('done');
+         var playground = [-85.63552, 41.94159];
+         var playgroundPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('leisure/playground');
+         var nameField = _mainPresetIndex.field('name');
+         var descriptionField = _mainPresetIndex.field('description');
+         var timeouts = [];
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+         var _areaID;
 
+         var chapter = {
+           title: 'intro.areas.title'
+         };
 
-           function updateCloseEditor() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
-                   return continueTo(reselectPoint);
-               }
+         function timeout(f, t) {
+           timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
+         }
 
-               // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+         function eventCancel(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+         }
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(rightClickPoint);
-               });
+         function revealPlayground(center, text, options) {
+           var padding = 180 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19.5);
+           var box = pad(center, padding, context);
+           reveal(box, text, options);
+         }
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
-                       helpString('intro.points.update_close', { button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'pre-text') })
-                   );
-               }, 500);
+         function addArea() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('initial');
+           _areaID = null;
+           var msec = transitionTime(playground, context.map().center());
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
            }
 
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(playground, 19, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var tooltip = reveal('button.add-area', helpHtml('intro.areas.add_playground'));
+             tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner').insert('svg', 'span').attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-areas');
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'add-area') return;
+               continueTo(startPlayground);
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
 
-           function rightClickPoint() {
-               if (!_pointID) return chapter.restart();
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
-               if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         function startPlayground() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'add-area') {
+             return chapter.restart();
+           }
 
-               var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-               var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick' : 'edit_menu_touch';
-               reveal(box, helpString('intro.points.' + textId), { duration: 600 });
-
-               timeout(function() {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro', function() {
-                       var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
-                       if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
-                       var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
-                       reveal(box, helpString('intro.points.' + textId), { duration: 0 });
-                   });
-               }, 600); // after reveal
-
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
-                   var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-                   if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== _pointID) return;
-
-                   timeout(function() {
-                       var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
-                       if (!node) return;
-                       continueTo(enterDelete);
-                   }, 50);  // after menu visible
+           _areaID = null;
+           context.map().zoomEase(19.5, 500);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'starting_node_click' : 'starting_node_tap';
+             var startDrawString = helpHtml('intro.areas.start_playground') + helpHtml('intro.areas.' + textId);
+             revealPlayground(playground, startDrawString, {
+               duration: 250
+             });
+             timeout(function () {
+               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+                 revealPlayground(playground, startDrawString, {
+                   duration: 0
+                 });
+               });
+               context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+                 if (mode.id !== 'draw-area') return chapter.restart();
+                 continueTo(continuePlayground);
                });
+             }, 250); // after reveal
+           }, 550); // after easing
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   context.map().on('move.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function continuePlayground() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
+             return chapter.restart();
+           }
 
-           function enterDelete() {
-               if (!_pointID) return chapter.restart();
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
-               if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
-
-               var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
-               if (!node) { return continueTo(rightClickPoint); }
-
-               reveal('.edit-menu',
-                   helpString('intro.points.delete'),
-                   { padding: 50 }
-               );
-
-               timeout(function() {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro', function() {
-                       reveal('.edit-menu',
-                           helpString('intro.points.delete'),
-                           { duration: 0,  padding: 50 }
-                       );
-                   });
-               }, 300); // after menu visible
-
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   if (!_pointID) return chapter.restart();
-                   var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
-                   if (entity) return continueTo(rightClickPoint);  // point still exists
+           _areaID = null;
+           revealPlayground(playground, helpHtml('intro.areas.continue_playground'), {
+             duration: 250
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               revealPlayground(playground, helpHtml('intro.areas.continue_playground'), {
+                 duration: 0
                });
+             });
+           }, 250); // after reveal
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function(changed) {
-                   if (changed.deleted().length) {
-                       continueTo(undo);
-                   }
-               });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(context.selectedIDs()[0]);
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
+               if (entity && entity.nodes.length >= 6) {
+                 return continueTo(finishPlayground);
+               } else {
+                 return;
                }
+             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
+               _areaID = context.selectedIDs()[0];
+               return continueTo(searchPresets);
+             } else {
+               return chapter.restart();
+             }
+           });
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function finishPlayground() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
+             return chapter.restart();
+           }
 
-           function undo() {
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(play);
+           _areaID = null;
+           var finishString = helpHtml('intro.areas.finish_area_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) + helpHtml('intro.areas.finish_playground');
+           revealPlayground(playground, finishString, {
+             duration: 250
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               revealPlayground(playground, finishString, {
+                 duration: 0
                });
+             });
+           }, 250); // after reveal
 
-               reveal('.top-toolbar button.undo-button',
-                   helpString('intro.points.undo')
-               );
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
+               return;
+             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
+               _areaID = context.selectedIDs()[0];
+               return continueTo(searchPresets);
+             } else {
+               return chapter.restart();
+             }
+           });
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
-
-           function play() {
-               dispatch$1.call('done');
-               reveal('.ideditor',
-                   helpString('intro.points.play', { next: _t('intro.areas.title') }), {
-                       tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-area',
-                       buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
-                       buttonCallback: function() { reveal('.ideditor'); }
-                   }
-               );
+         function searchPresets() {
+           if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
+             return addArea();
            }
 
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-           chapter.enter = function() {
-               addPoint();
-           };
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_areaID]));
+           } // disallow scrolling
 
 
-           chapter.exit = function() {
-               timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
-               context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-               context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
-               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
-           };
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           timeout(function () {
+             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
+             context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+             reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.areas.search_playground', {
+               preset: playgroundPreset.name()
+             }));
+           }, 400); // after preset list pane visible..
 
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
+               return continueTo(addArea);
+             }
 
-           chapter.restart = function() {
-               chapter.exit();
-               chapter.enter();
-           };
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
+             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
+               // keep the user's area selected..
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_areaID])); // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
 
-           return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%'); // disallow scrolling
 
-       function uiIntroArea(context, reveal) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
-           var playground = [-85.63552, 41.94159];
-           var playgroundPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('leisure/playground');
-           var nameField = _mainPresetIndex.field('name');
-           var descriptionField = _mainPresetIndex.field('description');
-           var timeouts = [];
-           var _areaID;
+               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+               reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.areas.search_playground', {
+                 preset: playgroundPreset.name()
+               }));
+               context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             }
+           });
 
+           function checkPresetSearch() {
+             var first = context.container().select('.preset-list-item:first-child');
 
-           var chapter = {
-               title: 'intro.areas.title'
-           };
+             if (first.classed('preset-leisure-playground')) {
+               reveal(first.select('.preset-list-button').node(), helpHtml('intro.areas.choose_playground', {
+                 preset: playgroundPreset.name()
+               }), {
+                 duration: 300
+               });
+               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true).on('keyup.intro', null);
+               context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+                 continueTo(clickAddField);
+               });
+             }
+           }
 
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-           function timeout(f, t) {
-               timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
+         function clickAddField() {
+           if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
+             return addArea();
            }
 
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-           function eventCancel() {
-               event.stopPropagation();
-               event.preventDefault();
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
+             return searchPresets();
            }
 
+           if (!context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
+             return continueTo(describePlayground);
+           } // disallow scrolling
 
-           function revealPlayground(center, text, options) {
-               var padding = 180 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19.5);
-               var box = pad(center, padding, context);
-               reveal(box, text, options);
-           }
 
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           timeout(function () {
+             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%'); // It's possible for the user to add a description in a previous step..
+             // If they did this already, just continue to next step.
 
-           function addArea() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               context.history().reset('initial');
-               _areaID = null;
-
-               var msec = transitionTime(playground, context.map().center());
-               if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
-               context.map().centerZoomEase(playground, 19, msec);
-
-               timeout(function() {
-                   var tooltip = reveal('button.add-area',
-                       helpString('intro.areas.add_playground'));
-
-                   tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner')
-                       .insert('svg', 'span')
-                       .attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration')
-                       .append('use')
-                       .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-areas');
-
-                   context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                       if (mode.id !== 'add-area') return;
-                       continueTo(startPlayground);
-                   });
-               }, msec + 100);
+             var entity = context.entity(_areaID);
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+             if (entity.tags.description) {
+               return continueTo(play);
+             } // scroll "Add field" into view
 
 
-           function startPlayground() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'add-area') {
-                   return chapter.restart();
-               }
+             var box = context.container().select('.more-fields').node().getBoundingClientRect();
 
-               _areaID = null;
-               context.map().zoomEase(19.5, 500);
+             if (box.top > 300) {
+               var pane = context.container().select('.entity-editor-pane .inspector-body');
+               var start = pane.node().scrollTop;
+               var end = start + (box.top - 300);
+               pane.transition().duration(250).tween('scroll.inspector', function () {
+                 var node = this;
+                 var i = d3_interpolateNumber(start, end);
+                 return function (t) {
+                   node.scrollTop = i(t);
+                 };
+               });
+             }
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'starting_node_click' : 'starting_node_tap';
-                   var startDrawString = helpString('intro.areas.start_playground') + helpString('intro.areas.' + textId);
-                   revealPlayground(playground,
-                       startDrawString, { duration: 250 }
-                   );
+             timeout(function () {
+               reveal('.more-fields .combobox-input', helpHtml('intro.areas.add_field', {
+                 name: {
+                   html: nameField.label()
+                 },
+                 description: {
+                   html: descriptionField.label()
+                 }
+               }), {
+                 duration: 300
+               });
+               context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', function () {
+                 // Watch for the combobox to appear...
+                 var watcher;
+                 watcher = window.setInterval(function () {
+                   if (!context.container().select('div.combobox').empty()) {
+                     window.clearInterval(watcher);
+                     continueTo(chooseDescriptionField);
+                   }
+                 }, 300);
+               });
+             }, 300); // after "Add Field" visible
+           }, 400); // after editor pane visible
 
-                   timeout(function() {
-                       context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                           revealPlayground(playground,
-                               startDrawString, { duration: 0 }
-                           );
-                       });
-                       context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                           if (mode.id !== 'draw-area') return chapter.restart();
-                           continueTo(continuePlayground);
-                       });
-                   }, 250);  // after reveal
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             return continueTo(searchPresets);
+           });
 
-               }, 550);  // after easing
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', null);
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+         function chooseDescriptionField() {
+           if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
+             return addArea();
            }
 
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-           function continuePlayground() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
-                   return chapter.restart();
-               }
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
+             return searchPresets();
+           }
 
-               _areaID = null;
-               revealPlayground(playground,
-                   helpString('intro.areas.continue_playground'),
-                   { duration: 250 }
-               );
+           if (!context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
+             return continueTo(describePlayground);
+           } // Make sure combobox is ready..
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                       revealPlayground(playground,
-                           helpString('intro.areas.continue_playground'),
-                           { duration: 0 }
-                       );
-                   });
-               }, 250);  // after reveal
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
-                       var entity = context.hasEntity(context.selectedIDs()[0]);
-                       if (entity && entity.nodes.length >= 6) {
-                           return continueTo(finishPlayground);
-                       } else {
-                           return;
-                       }
-                   } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
-                       _areaID = context.selectedIDs()[0];
-                       return continueTo(searchPresets);
-                   } else {
-                       return chapter.restart();
-                   }
-               });
+           if (context.container().select('div.combobox').empty()) {
+             return continueTo(clickAddField);
+           } // Watch for the combobox to go away..
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
 
+           var watcher;
+           watcher = window.setInterval(function () {
+             if (context.container().select('div.combobox').empty()) {
+               window.clearInterval(watcher);
+               timeout(function () {
+                 if (context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
+                   continueTo(retryChooseDescription);
+                 } else {
+                   continueTo(describePlayground);
+                 }
+               }, 300); // after description field added.
+             }
+           }, 300);
+           reveal('div.combobox', helpHtml('intro.areas.choose_field', {
+             field: {
+               html: descriptionField.label()
+             }
+           }), {
+             duration: 300
+           });
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             return continueTo(searchPresets);
+           });
 
-           function finishPlayground() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
-                   return chapter.restart();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             if (watcher) window.clearInterval(watcher);
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               _areaID = null;
+         function describePlayground() {
+           if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
+             return addArea();
+           }
 
-               var finishString = helpString('intro.areas.finish_area_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) +
-                   helpString('intro.areas.finish_playground');
-               revealPlayground(playground,
-                   finishString, { duration: 250 }
-               );
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                       revealPlayground(playground,
-                           finishString, { duration: 0 }
-                       );
-                   });
-               }, 250);  // after reveal
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
+             return searchPresets();
+           } // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
-                       return;
-                   } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
-                       _areaID = context.selectedIDs()[0];
-                       return continueTo(searchPresets);
-                   } else {
-                       return chapter.restart();
-                   }
-               });
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+
+           if (context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
+             return continueTo(retryChooseDescription);
            }
 
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(play);
+           });
+           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.areas.describe_playground', {
+             button: {
+               html: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'inline')
+             }
+           }), {
+             duration: 300
+           });
 
-           function searchPresets() {
-               if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
-                   return addArea();
-               }
-               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
-                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_areaID]));
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               // disallow scrolling
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+         function retryChooseDescription() {
+           if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
+             return addArea();
+           }
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-                   context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
-                       .on('keydown.intro', null)
-                       .on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
+             return searchPresets();
+           } // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
 
-                   reveal('.preset-search-input',
-                       helpString('intro.areas.search_playground', { preset: playgroundPreset.name() })
-                   );
-               }, 400);  // after preset list pane visible..
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
-                       return continueTo(addArea);
-                   }
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+           reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.areas.retry_add_field', {
+             field: {
+               html: descriptionField.label()
+             }
+           }), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               continueTo(clickAddField);
+             }
+           });
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             return continueTo(searchPresets);
+           });
 
-                   var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-                   if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
-                       // keep the user's area selected..
-                       context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_areaID]));
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-                       // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
-                       context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
-                       // disallow scrolling
-                       context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+         function play() {
+           dispatch.call('done');
+           reveal('.ideditor', helpHtml('intro.areas.play', {
+             next: _t('intro.lines.title')
+           }), {
+             tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-line',
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               reveal('.ideditor');
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-                       context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
-                           .on('keydown.intro', null)
-                           .on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+         chapter.enter = function () {
+           addArea();
+         };
 
-                       reveal('.preset-search-input',
-                           helpString('intro.areas.search_playground', { preset: playgroundPreset.name() })
-                       );
+         chapter.exit = function () {
+           timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
+           context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+           context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', null);
+         };
 
-                       context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   }
-               });
+         chapter.restart = function () {
+           chapter.exit();
+           chapter.enter();
+         };
 
-               function checkPresetSearch() {
-                   var first = context.container().select('.preset-list-item:first-child');
+         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-                   if (first.classed('preset-leisure-playground')) {
-                       reveal(first.select('.preset-list-button').node(),
-                           helpString('intro.areas.choose_playground', { preset: playgroundPreset.name() }),
-                           { duration: 300 }
-                       );
+       function uiIntroLine(context, reveal) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('done');
+         var timeouts = [];
+         var _tulipRoadID = null;
+         var flowerRoadID = 'w646';
+         var tulipRoadStart = [-85.6297754121684, 41.95805253325314];
+         var tulipRoadMidpoint = [-85.62975395449628, 41.95787501510204];
+         var tulipRoadIntersection = [-85.62974496187628, 41.95742515554585];
+         var roadCategory = _mainPresetIndex.item('category-road_minor');
+         var residentialPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('highway/residential');
+         var woodRoadID = 'w525';
+         var woodRoadEndID = 'n2862';
+         var woodRoadAddNode = [-85.62390110349587, 41.95397111462291];
+         var woodRoadDragEndpoint = [-85.623867390213, 41.95466987786487];
+         var woodRoadDragMidpoint = [-85.62386254803509, 41.95430395953872];
+         var washingtonStreetID = 'w522';
+         var twelfthAvenueID = 'w1';
+         var eleventhAvenueEndID = 'n3550';
+         var twelfthAvenueEndID = 'n5';
+         var _washingtonSegmentID = null;
+         var eleventhAvenueEnd = context.entity(eleventhAvenueEndID).loc;
+         var twelfthAvenueEnd = context.entity(twelfthAvenueEndID).loc;
+         var deleteLinesLoc = [-85.6219395542764, 41.95228033922477];
+         var twelfthAvenue = [-85.62219310052491, 41.952505413152956];
+         var chapter = {
+           title: 'intro.lines.title'
+         };
+
+         function timeout(f, t) {
+           timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
+         }
+
+         function eventCancel(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+         }
+
+         function addLine() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('initial');
+           var msec = transitionTime(tulipRoadStart, context.map().center());
 
-                       context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
-                           .on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true)
-                           .on('keyup.intro', null);
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           }
 
-                       context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                           continueTo(clickAddField);
-                       });
-                   }
-               }
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(tulipRoadStart, 18.5, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var tooltip = reveal('button.add-line', helpHtml('intro.lines.add_line'));
+             tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner').insert('svg', 'span').attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-lines');
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'add-line') return;
+               continueTo(startLine);
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
+
+         function startLine() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'add-line') return chapter.restart();
+           _tulipRoadID = null;
+           var padding = 70 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+           var box = pad(tulipRoadStart, padding, context);
+           box.height = box.height + 100;
+           var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'start_line' : 'start_line_tap';
+           var startLineString = helpHtml('intro.lines.missing_road') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.lines.line_draw_info') + helpHtml('intro.lines.' + textId);
+           reveal(box, startLineString);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             padding = 70 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+             box = pad(tulipRoadStart, padding, context);
+             box.height = box.height + 100;
+             reveal(box, startLineString, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id !== 'draw-line') return chapter.restart();
+             continueTo(drawLine);
+           });
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function drawLine() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-line') return chapter.restart();
+           _tulipRoadID = context.mode().selectedIDs()[0];
+           context.map().centerEase(tulipRoadMidpoint, 500);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18.5);
+             var box = pad(tulipRoadMidpoint, padding, context);
+             box.height = box.height * 2;
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.intersect', {
+               name: _t('intro.graph.name.flower-street')
+             }));
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18.5);
+               box = pad(tulipRoadMidpoint, padding, context);
+               box.height = box.height * 2;
+               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.intersect', {
+                 name: _t('intro.graph.name.flower-street')
+               }), {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+           }, 550); // after easing..
 
-           function clickAddField() {
-               if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
-                   return addArea();
-               }
-               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
-                   return searchPresets();
-               }
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (isLineConnected()) {
+               continueTo(continueLine);
+             }
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id === 'draw-line') {
+               return;
+             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
+               continueTo(retryIntersect);
+               return;
+             } else {
+               return chapter.restart();
+             }
+           });
 
-               if (!context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
-                   return continueTo(describePlayground);
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               // disallow scrolling
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+         function isLineConnected() {
+           var entity = _tulipRoadID && context.hasEntity(_tulipRoadID);
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+           if (!entity) return false;
+           var drawNodes = context.graph().childNodes(entity);
+           return drawNodes.some(function (node) {
+             return context.graph().parentWays(node).some(function (parent) {
+               return parent.id === flowerRoadID;
+             });
+           });
+         }
 
-                   // It's possible for the user to add a description in a previous step..
-                   // If they did this already, just continue to next step.
-                   var entity = context.entity(_areaID);
-                   if (entity.tags.description) {
-                       return continueTo(play);
-                   }
+         function retryIntersect() {
+           select(window).on('pointerdown.intro mousedown.intro', eventCancel, true);
+           var box = pad(tulipRoadIntersection, 80, context);
+           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.retry_intersect', {
+             name: _t('intro.graph.name.flower-street')
+           }));
+           timeout(chapter.restart, 3000);
+         }
 
-                   // scroll "Add field" into view
-                   var box = context.container().select('.more-fields').node().getBoundingClientRect();
-                   if (box.top > 300) {
-                       var pane = context.container().select('.entity-editor-pane .inspector-body');
-                       var start = pane.node().scrollTop;
-                       var end = start + (box.top - 300);
-
-                       pane
-                           .transition()
-                           .duration(250)
-                           .tween('scroll.inspector', function() {
-                               var node = this;
-                               var i = d3_interpolateNumber(start, end);
-                               return function(t) {
-                                   node.scrollTop = i(t);
-                               };
-                           });
-                   }
+         function continueLine() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-line') return chapter.restart();
 
-                   timeout(function() {
-                       reveal('.more-fields .combobox-input',
-                           helpString('intro.areas.add_field', {
-                               name: nameField.label(),
-                               description: descriptionField.label()
-                           }),
-                           { duration: 300 }
-                       );
+           var entity = _tulipRoadID && context.hasEntity(_tulipRoadID);
 
-                       context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input')
-                           .on('click.intro', function() {
-                               // Watch for the combobox to appear...
-                               var watcher;
-                               watcher = window.setInterval(function() {
-                                   if (!context.container().select('div.combobox').empty()) {
-                                       window.clearInterval(watcher);
-                                       continueTo(chooseDescriptionField);
-                                   }
-                               }, 300);
-                           });
-                   }, 300);  // after "Add Field" visible
+           if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
+           context.map().centerEase(tulipRoadIntersection, 500);
+           var continueLineText = helpHtml('intro.lines.continue_line') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.lines.finish_line_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) + helpHtml('intro.lines.finish_road');
+           reveal('.surface', continueLineText);
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id === 'draw-line') {
+               return;
+             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
+               return continueTo(chooseCategoryRoad);
+             } else {
+               return chapter.restart();
+             }
+           });
 
-               }, 400);  // after editor pane visible
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   return continueTo(searchPresets);
-               });
+         function chooseCategoryRoad() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select') return chapter.restart();
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             return chapter.restart();
+           });
+           var button = context.container().select('.preset-category-road_minor .preset-list-button');
+           if (button.empty()) return chapter.restart(); // disallow scrolling
+
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           timeout(function () {
+             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
+             reveal(button.node(), helpHtml('intro.lines.choose_category_road', {
+               category: roadCategory.name()
+             }));
+             button.on('click.intro', function () {
+               continueTo(choosePresetResidential);
+             });
+           }, 400); // after editor pane visible
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-                   context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', null);
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function choosePresetResidential() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select') return chapter.restart();
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             return chapter.restart();
+           });
+           var subgrid = context.container().select('.preset-category-road_minor .subgrid');
+           if (subgrid.empty()) return chapter.restart();
+           subgrid.selectAll(':not(.preset-highway-residential) .preset-list-button').on('click.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(retryPresetResidential);
+           });
+           subgrid.selectAll('.preset-highway-residential .preset-list-button').on('click.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(nameRoad);
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal(subgrid.node(), helpHtml('intro.lines.choose_preset_residential', {
+               preset: residentialPreset.name()
+             }), {
+               tooltipBox: '.preset-highway-residential .preset-list-button',
+               duration: 300
+             });
+           }, 300);
 
-           function chooseDescriptionField() {
-               if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
-                   return addArea();
-               }
-               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
-                   return searchPresets();
-               }
-
-               if (!context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
-                   return continueTo(describePlayground);
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         } // selected wrong road type
 
-               // Make sure combobox is ready..
-               if (context.container().select('div.combobox').empty()) {
-                   return continueTo(clickAddField);
-               }
-               // Watch for the combobox to go away..
-               var watcher;
-               watcher = window.setInterval(function() {
-                   if (context.container().select('div.combobox').empty()) {
-                       window.clearInterval(watcher);
-                       timeout(function() {
-                           if (context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
-                               continueTo(retryChooseDescription);
-                           } else {
-                               continueTo(describePlayground);
-                           }
-                       }, 300);  // after description field added.
-                   }
-               }, 300);
 
-               reveal('div.combobox',
-                   helpString('intro.areas.choose_field', { field: descriptionField.label() }),
-                   { duration: 300 }
-               );
+         function retryPresetResidential() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select') return chapter.restart();
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             return chapter.restart();
+           }); // disallow scrolling
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   return continueTo(searchPresets);
-               });
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var button = context.container().select('.entity-editor-pane .preset-list-button');
+             reveal(button.node(), helpHtml('intro.lines.retry_preset_residential', {
+               preset: residentialPreset.name()
+             }));
+             button.on('click.intro', function () {
+               continueTo(chooseCategoryRoad);
+             });
+           }, 500);
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   if (watcher) window.clearInterval(watcher);
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
-
-           function describePlayground() {
-               if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
-                   return addArea();
-               }
-               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
-                   return searchPresets();
+         function nameRoad() {
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(didNameRoad);
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.lines.name_road', {
+               button: {
+                 html: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'inline')
                }
+             }), {
+               tooltipClass: 'intro-lines-name_road'
+             });
+           }, 500);
 
-               // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               if (context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
-                   return continueTo(retryChooseDescription);
+         function didNameRoad() {
+           context.history().checkpoint('doneAddLine');
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('.surface', helpHtml('intro.lines.did_name_road'), {
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+                 continueTo(updateLine);
                }
+             });
+           }, 500);
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(play);
-               });
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
-                   helpString('intro.areas.describe_playground', { button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'pre-text') }),
-                   { duration: 300 }
-               );
+         function updateLine() {
+           context.history().reset('doneAddLine');
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+             return chapter.restart();
            }
 
+           var msec = transitionTime(woodRoadDragMidpoint, context.map().center());
 
-           function retryChooseDescription() {
-               if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
-                   return addArea();
-               }
-               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
-                   return searchPresets();
-               }
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           }
 
-               // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(woodRoadDragMidpoint, 19, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var padding = 250 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+             var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
 
-               reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
-                   helpString('intro.areas.retry_add_field', { field: descriptionField.label() }), {
-                   buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
-                   buttonCallback: function() { continueTo(clickAddField); }
-               });
+             var advance = function advance() {
+               continueTo(addNode);
+             };
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   return continueTo(searchPresets);
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.update_line'), {
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: advance
+             });
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               var padding = 250 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+               var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
+               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.update_line'), {
+                 duration: 0,
+                 buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+                 buttonCallback: advance
                });
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
+
+         function addNode() {
+           context.history().reset('doneAddLine');
+
+           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+             return chapter.restart();
            }
 
+           var padding = 40 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+           var box = pad(woodRoadAddNode, padding, context);
+           var addNodeString = helpHtml('intro.lines.add_node' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? '' : '_touch'));
+           reveal(box, addNodeString);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             var padding = 40 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+             var box = pad(woodRoadAddNode, padding, context);
+             reveal(box, addNodeString, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function (changed) {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+               return continueTo(updateLine);
+             }
+
+             if (changed.created().length === 1) {
+               timeout(function () {
+                 continueTo(startDragEndpoint);
+               }, 500);
+             }
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id !== 'select') {
+               continueTo(updateLine);
+             }
+           });
 
-           function play() {
-               dispatch$1.call('done');
-               reveal('.ideditor',
-                   helpString('intro.areas.play', { next: _t('intro.lines.title') }), {
-                       tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-line',
-                       buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
-                       buttonCallback: function() { reveal('.ideditor'); }
-                   }
-               );
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function startDragEndpoint() {
+           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(updateLine);
+           }
 
-           chapter.enter = function() {
-               addArea();
-           };
-
+           var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+           var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
+           var startDragString = helpHtml('intro.lines.start_drag_endpoint' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? '' : '_touch')) + helpHtml('intro.lines.drag_to_intersection');
+           reveal(box, startDragString);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+               return continueTo(updateLine);
+             }
 
-           chapter.exit = function() {
-               timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
-               context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-               context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
-               context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', null);
-           };
+             var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+             var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
+             reveal(box, startDragString, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+             var entity = context.entity(woodRoadEndID);
 
+             if (geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, woodRoadDragEndpoint) <= 4) {
+               continueTo(finishDragEndpoint);
+             }
+           });
 
-           chapter.restart = function() {
-               chapter.exit();
-               chapter.enter();
-           };
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
+         function finishDragEndpoint() {
+           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(updateLine);
+           }
 
-           return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+           var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
+           var finishDragString = helpHtml('intro.lines.spot_looks_good') + helpHtml('intro.lines.finish_drag_endpoint' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? '' : '_touch'));
+           reveal(box, finishDragString);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+               return continueTo(updateLine);
+             }
 
-       function uiIntroLine(context, reveal) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
-           var timeouts = [];
-           var _tulipRoadID = null;
-           var flowerRoadID = 'w646';
-           var tulipRoadStart = [-85.6297754121684, 41.95805253325314];
-           var tulipRoadMidpoint = [-85.62975395449628, 41.95787501510204];
-           var tulipRoadIntersection = [-85.62974496187628, 41.95742515554585];
-           var roadCategory = _mainPresetIndex.item('category-road_minor');
-           var residentialPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('highway/residential');
-           var woodRoadID = 'w525';
-           var woodRoadEndID = 'n2862';
-           var woodRoadAddNode = [-85.62390110349587, 41.95397111462291];
-           var woodRoadDragEndpoint = [-85.623867390213, 41.95466987786487];
-           var woodRoadDragMidpoint = [-85.62386254803509, 41.95430395953872];
-           var washingtonStreetID = 'w522';
-           var twelfthAvenueID = 'w1';
-           var eleventhAvenueEndID = 'n3550';
-           var twelfthAvenueEndID = 'n5';
-           var _washingtonSegmentID = null;
-           var eleventhAvenueEnd = context.entity(eleventhAvenueEndID).loc;
-           var twelfthAvenueEnd = context.entity(twelfthAvenueEndID).loc;
-           var deleteLinesLoc = [-85.6219395542764, 41.95228033922477];
-           var twelfthAvenue = [-85.62219310052491, 41.952505413152956];
-
-
-           var chapter = {
-               title: 'intro.lines.title'
-           };
+             var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+             var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
+             reveal(box, finishDragString, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+             var entity = context.entity(woodRoadEndID);
 
+             if (geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, woodRoadDragEndpoint) > 4) {
+               continueTo(startDragEndpoint);
+             }
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(startDragMidpoint);
+           });
 
-           function timeout(f, t) {
-               timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function startDragMidpoint() {
+           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(updateLine);
+           }
 
-           function eventCancel() {
-               event.stopPropagation();
-               event.preventDefault();
+           if (context.selectedIDs().indexOf(woodRoadID) === -1) {
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [woodRoadID]));
            }
 
+           var padding = 80 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+           var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
+           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.start_drag_midpoint'));
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+               return continueTo(updateLine);
+             }
 
-           function addLine() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               context.history().reset('initial');
+             var padding = 80 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+             var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.start_drag_midpoint'), {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function (changed) {
+             if (changed.created().length === 1) {
+               continueTo(continueDragMidpoint);
+             }
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id !== 'select') {
+               // keep Wood Road selected so midpoint triangles are drawn..
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [woodRoadID]));
+             }
+           });
 
-               var msec = transitionTime(tulipRoadStart, context.map().center());
-               if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
-               context.map().centerZoomEase(tulipRoadStart, 18.5, msec);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   var tooltip = reveal('button.add-line',
-                       helpString('intro.lines.add_line'));
+         function continueDragMidpoint() {
+           if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(updateLine);
+           }
 
-                   tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner')
-                       .insert('svg', 'span')
-                       .attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration')
-                       .append('use')
-                       .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-lines');
+           var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+           var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
+           box.height += 400;
 
-                   context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                       if (mode.id !== 'add-line') return;
-                       continueTo(startLine);
-                   });
-               }, msec + 100);
+           var advance = function advance() {
+             context.history().checkpoint('doneUpdateLine');
+             continueTo(deleteLines);
+           };
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.continue_drag_midpoint'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: advance
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
+               return continueTo(updateLine);
+             }
+
+             var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
+             var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
+             box.height += 400;
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.continue_drag_midpoint'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: advance
+             });
+           });
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function deleteLines() {
+           context.history().reset('doneUpdateLine');
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
 
-           function startLine() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'add-line') return chapter.restart();
+           if (!context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+             return chapter.restart();
+           }
 
-               _tulipRoadID = null;
+           var msec = transitionTime(deleteLinesLoc, context.map().center());
 
-               var padding = 70 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-               var box = pad(tulipRoadStart, padding, context);
-               box.height = box.height + 100;
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           }
 
-               var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'start_line' : 'start_line_tap';
-               var startLineString = helpString('intro.lines.missing_road') + '{br}' +
-                   helpString('intro.lines.line_draw_info') +
-                   helpString('intro.lines.' + textId);
-               reveal(box, startLineString);
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(deleteLinesLoc, 18, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+             var box = pad(deleteLinesLoc, padding, context);
+             box.top -= 200;
+             box.height += 400;
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                   padding = 70 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-                   box = pad(tulipRoadStart, padding, context);
-                   box.height = box.height + 100;
-                   reveal(box, startLineString, { duration: 0 });
-               });
+             var advance = function advance() {
+               continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+             };
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (mode.id !== 'draw-line') return chapter.restart();
-                   continueTo(drawLine);
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.delete_lines', {
+               street: _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue')
+             }), {
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: advance
+             });
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+               var box = pad(deleteLinesLoc, padding, context);
+               box.top -= 200;
+               box.height += 400;
+               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.delete_lines', {
+                 street: _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue')
+               }), {
+                 duration: 0,
+                 buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+                 buttonCallback: advance
                });
+             });
+             context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+               timeout(function () {
+                 continueTo(deleteLines);
+               }, 500); // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function rightClickIntersection() {
+           context.history().reset('doneUpdateLine');
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(eleventhAvenueEnd, 18, 500);
+           var rightClickString = helpHtml('intro.lines.split_street', {
+             street1: _t('intro.graph.name.11th-avenue'),
+             street2: _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street')
+           }) + helpHtml('intro.lines.' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick_intersection' : 'edit_menu_intersection_touch'));
+           timeout(function () {
+             var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+             var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
+             reveal(box, rightClickString);
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+               var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
+               reveal(box, rightClickString, {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
+               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+               if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== eleventhAvenueEndID) return;
+               timeout(function () {
+                 var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'split').node();
+                 if (!node) return;
+                 continueTo(splitIntersection);
+               }, 50); // after menu visible
+             });
+             context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+               timeout(function () {
+                 continueTo(deleteLines);
+               }, 300); // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
+             });
+           }, 600);
 
-           function drawLine() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-line') return chapter.restart();
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               _tulipRoadID = context.mode().selectedIDs()[0];
-               context.map().centerEase(tulipRoadMidpoint, 500);
+         function splitIntersection() {
+           if (!context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(deleteLines);
+           }
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18.5);
-                   var box = pad(tulipRoadMidpoint, padding, context);
-                   box.height = box.height * 2;
-                   reveal(box,
-                       helpString('intro.lines.intersect', { name: _t('intro.graph.name.flower-street') })
-                   );
+           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'split').node();
 
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                       padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18.5);
-                       box = pad(tulipRoadMidpoint, padding, context);
-                       box.height = box.height * 2;
-                       reveal(box,
-                           helpString('intro.lines.intersect', { name: _t('intro.graph.name.flower-street') }),
-                           { duration: 0 }
-                       );
-                   });
-               }, 550);  // after easing..
+           if (!node) {
+             return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+           }
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   if (isLineConnected()) {
-                       continueTo(continueLine);
-                   }
-               });
+           var wasChanged = false;
+           _washingtonSegmentID = null;
+           reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.lines.split_intersection', {
+             street: _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street')
+           }), {
+             padding: 50
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'split').node();
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (mode.id === 'draw-line') {
-                       return;
-                   } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
-                       continueTo(retryIntersect);
-                       return;
-                   } else {
-                       return chapter.restart();
-                   }
-               });
+             if (!wasChanged && !node) {
+               return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+             }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
+             reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.lines.split_intersection', {
+               street: _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street')
+             }), {
+               duration: 0,
+               padding: 50
+             });
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function (changed) {
+             wasChanged = true;
+             timeout(function () {
+               if (context.history().undoAnnotation() === _t('operations.split.annotation.line', {
+                 n: 1
+               })) {
+                 _washingtonSegmentID = changed.created()[0].id;
+                 continueTo(didSplit);
+               } else {
+                 _washingtonSegmentID = null;
+                 continueTo(retrySplit);
                }
+             }, 300); // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
+           });
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function retrySplit() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(eleventhAvenueEnd, 18, 500);
 
-           function isLineConnected() {
-               var entity = _tulipRoadID && context.hasEntity(_tulipRoadID);
-               if (!entity) return false;
+           var advance = function advance() {
+             continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+           };
 
-               var drawNodes = context.graph().childNodes(entity);
-               return drawNodes.some(function(node) {
-                   return context.graph().parentWays(node).some(function(parent) {
-                       return parent.id === flowerRoadID;
-                   });
-               });
+           var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+           var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
+           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.retry_split'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: advance
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+             var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.retry_split'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: advance
+             });
+           });
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
+
+         function didSplit() {
+           if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
            }
 
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+           var string = 'intro.lines.did_split_' + (ids.length > 1 ? 'multi' : 'single');
+           var street = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
+           var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+           var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
+           box.width = box.width / 2;
+           reveal(box, helpHtml(string, {
+             street1: street,
+             street2: street
+           }), {
+             duration: 500
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             context.map().centerZoomEase(twelfthAvenue, 18, 500);
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+               var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
+               box.width = box.width / 2;
+               reveal(box, helpHtml(string, {
+                 street1: street,
+                 street2: street
+               }), {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+           }, 600); // after initial reveal and curtain cut
 
-           function retryIntersect() {
-               select(window).on('pointerdown.intro mousedown.intro', eventCancel, true);
+           context.on('enter.intro', function () {
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-               var box = pad(tulipRoadIntersection, 80, context);
-               reveal(box,
-                   helpString('intro.lines.retry_intersect', { name: _t('intro.graph.name.flower-street') })
-               );
+             if (ids.length === 1 && ids[0] === _washingtonSegmentID) {
+               continueTo(multiSelect);
+             }
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+               return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+             }
+           });
 
-               timeout(chapter.restart, 3000);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function multiSelect() {
+           if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+           }
 
-           function continueLine() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-line') return chapter.restart();
-               var entity = _tulipRoadID && context.hasEntity(_tulipRoadID);
-               if (!entity) return chapter.restart();
-
-               context.map().centerEase(tulipRoadIntersection, 500);
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+           var hasWashington = ids.indexOf(_washingtonSegmentID) !== -1;
+           var hasTwelfth = ids.indexOf(twelfthAvenueID) !== -1;
 
-               var continueLineText = helpString('intro.lines.continue_line') + '{br}' +
-                   helpString('intro.lines.finish_line_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) +
-                   helpString('intro.lines.finish_road');
+           if (hasWashington && hasTwelfth) {
+             return continueTo(multiRightClick);
+           } else if (!hasWashington && !hasTwelfth) {
+             return continueTo(didSplit);
+           }
 
-               reveal('.surface', continueLineText);
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(twelfthAvenue, 18, 500);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var selected, other, padding, box;
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (mode.id === 'draw-line')
-                       return;
-                   else if (mode.id === 'select')
-                       return continueTo(chooseCategoryRoad);
-                   else
-                       return chapter.restart();
+             if (hasWashington) {
+               selected = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
+               other = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
+               padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+               box = pad(twelfthAvenueEnd, padding, context);
+               box.width *= 3;
+             } else {
+               selected = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
+               other = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
+               padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+               box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
+               box.width /= 2;
+             }
+
+             reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_select', {
+               selected: selected,
+               other1: other
+             }) + ' ' + helpHtml('intro.lines.add_to_selection_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'touch'), {
+               selected: selected,
+               other2: other
+             }));
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               if (hasWashington) {
+                 selected = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
+                 other = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
+                 padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+                 box = pad(twelfthAvenueEnd, padding, context);
+                 box.width *= 3;
+               } else {
+                 selected = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
+                 other = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
+                 padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+                 box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
+                 box.width /= 2;
+               }
+
+               reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_select', {
+                 selected: selected,
+                 other1: other
+               }) + ' ' + helpHtml('intro.lines.add_to_selection_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'touch'), {
+                 selected: selected,
+                 other2: other
+               }), {
+                 duration: 0
                });
-
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
+             });
+             context.on('enter.intro', function () {
+               continueTo(multiSelect);
+             });
+             context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+               if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+                 return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
                }
-           }
+             });
+           }, 600);
 
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-           function chooseCategoryRoad() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select') return chapter.restart();
+         function multiRightClick() {
+           if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+           }
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   return chapter.restart();
-               });
+           var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+           var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
+           var rightClickString = helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_select_success') + helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick' : 'edit_menu_touch'));
+           reveal(box, rightClickString);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+             var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
+             reveal(box, rightClickString, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
+           context.ui().editMenu().on('toggled.intro', function (open) {
+             if (!open) return;
+             timeout(function () {
+               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-               var button = context.container().select('.preset-category-road_minor .preset-list-button');
-               if (button.empty()) return chapter.restart();
+               if (ids.length === 2 && ids.indexOf(twelfthAvenueID) !== -1 && ids.indexOf(_washingtonSegmentID) !== -1) {
+                 var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
+                 if (!node) return;
+                 continueTo(multiDelete);
+               } else if (ids.length === 1 && ids.indexOf(_washingtonSegmentID) !== -1) {
+                 return continueTo(multiSelect);
+               } else {
+                 return continueTo(didSplit);
+               }
+             }, 300); // after edit menu visible
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+               return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+             }
+           });
 
-               // disallow scrolling
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.ui().editMenu().on('toggled.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
+         function multiDelete() {
+           if (!_washingtonSegmentID || !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) || !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) || !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
+             return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
+           }
 
-                   reveal(button.node(),
-                       helpString('intro.lines.choose_category_road', { category: roadCategory.name() })
-                   );
+           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
+           if (!node) return continueTo(multiRightClick);
+           reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_delete'), {
+             padding: 50
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.lines.multi_delete'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               padding: 50
+             });
+           });
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             if (context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID)) {
+               return continueTo(multiSelect); // left select mode but roads still exist
+             }
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             if (context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID)) {
+               continueTo(retryDelete); // changed something but roads still exist
+             } else {
+               continueTo(play);
+             }
+           });
 
-                   button.on('click.intro', function() {
-                       continueTo(choosePresetResidential);
-                   });
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               }, 400);  // after editor pane visible
+         function retryDelete() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
+           var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
+           reveal(box, helpHtml('intro.lines.retry_delete'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               continueTo(multiSelect);
+             }
+           });
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-                   context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function play() {
+           dispatch.call('done');
+           reveal('.ideditor', helpHtml('intro.lines.play', {
+             next: _t('intro.buildings.title')
+           }), {
+             tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-building',
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               reveal('.ideditor');
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-           function choosePresetResidential() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select') return chapter.restart();
+         chapter.enter = function () {
+           addLine();
+         };
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   return chapter.restart();
-               });
+         chapter.exit = function () {
+           timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
+           select(window).on('pointerdown.intro mousedown.intro', null, true);
+           context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+           context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
+         };
 
-               var subgrid = context.container().select('.preset-category-road_minor .subgrid');
-               if (subgrid.empty()) return chapter.restart();
+         chapter.restart = function () {
+           chapter.exit();
+           chapter.enter();
+         };
 
-               subgrid.selectAll(':not(.preset-highway-residential) .preset-list-button')
-                   .on('click.intro', function() {
-                       continueTo(retryPresetResidential);
-                   });
+         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-               subgrid.selectAll('.preset-highway-residential .preset-list-button')
-                   .on('click.intro', function() {
-                       continueTo(nameRoad);
-                   });
+       function uiIntroBuilding(context, reveal) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('done');
+         var house = [-85.62815, 41.95638];
+         var tank = [-85.62732, 41.95347];
+         var buildingCatetory = _mainPresetIndex.item('category-building');
+         var housePreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('building/house');
+         var tankPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('man_made/storage_tank');
+         var timeouts = [];
+         var _houseID = null;
+         var _tankID = null;
+         var chapter = {
+           title: 'intro.buildings.title'
+         };
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   reveal(subgrid.node(),
-                       helpString('intro.lines.choose_preset_residential', { preset: residentialPreset.name() }),
-                       { tooltipBox: '.preset-highway-residential .preset-list-button', duration: 300 }
-                   );
-               }, 300);
+         function timeout(f, t) {
+           timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
+         }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+         function eventCancel(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+         }
 
+         function revealHouse(center, text, options) {
+           var padding = 160 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 20);
+           var box = pad(center, padding, context);
+           reveal(box, text, options);
+         }
 
-           // selected wrong road type
-           function retryPresetResidential() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select') return chapter.restart();
+         function revealTank(center, text, options) {
+           var padding = 190 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19.5);
+           var box = pad(center, padding, context);
+           reveal(box, text, options);
+         }
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   return chapter.restart();
-               });
+         function addHouse() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('initial');
+           _houseID = null;
+           var msec = transitionTime(house, context.map().center());
 
-               // disallow scrolling
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           }
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   var button = context.container().select('.entity-editor-pane .preset-list-button');
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(house, 19, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var tooltip = reveal('button.add-area', helpHtml('intro.buildings.add_building'));
+             tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner').insert('svg', 'span').attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-buildings');
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'add-area') return;
+               continueTo(startHouse);
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
 
-                   reveal(button.node(),
-                       helpString('intro.lines.retry_preset_residential', { preset: residentialPreset.name() })
-                   );
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-                   button.on('click.intro', function() {
-                       continueTo(chooseCategoryRoad);
-                   });
+         function startHouse() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'add-area') {
+             return continueTo(addHouse);
+           }
 
-               }, 500);
+           _houseID = null;
+           context.map().zoomEase(20, 500);
+           timeout(function () {
+             var startString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.start_building') + helpHtml('intro.buildings.building_corner_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap'));
+             revealHouse(house, startString);
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               revealHouse(house, startString, {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'draw-area') return chapter.restart();
+               continueTo(continueHouse);
+             });
+           }, 550); // after easing
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-                   context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function continueHouse() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
+             return continueTo(addHouse);
+           }
 
-           function nameRoad() {
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(didNameRoad);
+           _houseID = null;
+           var continueString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.continue_building') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.areas.finish_area_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) + helpHtml('intro.buildings.finish_building');
+           revealHouse(house, continueString);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             revealHouse(house, continueString, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
+               return;
+             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
+               var graph = context.graph();
+               var way = context.entity(context.selectedIDs()[0]);
+               var nodes = graph.childNodes(way);
+               var points = utilArrayUniq(nodes).map(function (n) {
+                 return context.projection(n.loc);
                });
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
-                       helpString('intro.lines.name_road', { button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'pre-text') }),
-                       { tooltipClass: 'intro-lines-name_road' }
-                   );
-               }, 500);
-
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
+               if (isMostlySquare(points)) {
+                 _houseID = way.id;
+                 return continueTo(chooseCategoryBuilding);
+               } else {
+                 return continueTo(retryHouse);
                }
+             } else {
+               return chapter.restart();
+             }
+           });
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function retryHouse() {
+           var onClick = function onClick() {
+             continueTo(addHouse);
+           };
 
-           function didNameRoad() {
-               context.history().checkpoint('doneAddLine');
+           revealHouse(house, helpHtml('intro.buildings.retry_building'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: onClick
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             revealHouse(house, helpHtml('intro.buildings.retry_building'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+               buttonCallback: onClick
+             });
+           });
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   reveal('.surface', helpString('intro.lines.did_name_road'), {
-                       buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
-                       buttonCallback: function() { continueTo(updateLine); }
-                   });
-               }, 500);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+         function chooseCategoryBuilding() {
+           if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
+             return addHouse();
            }
 
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_houseID]));
+           } // disallow scrolling
 
-           function updateLine() {
-               context.history().reset('doneAddLine');
-               if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-                   return chapter.restart();
-               }
 
-               var msec = transitionTime(woodRoadDragMidpoint, context.map().center());
-               if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
-               context.map().centerZoomEase(woodRoadDragMidpoint, 19, msec);
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           timeout(function () {
+             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
+             var button = context.container().select('.preset-category-building .preset-list-button');
+             reveal(button.node(), helpHtml('intro.buildings.choose_category_building', {
+               category: buildingCatetory.name()
+             }));
+             button.on('click.intro', function () {
+               button.on('click.intro', null);
+               continueTo(choosePresetHouse);
+             });
+           }, 400); // after preset list pane visible..
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   var padding = 250 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-                   var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
-                   var advance = function() { continueTo(addNode); };
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
+               return continueTo(addHouse);
+             }
 
-                   reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.update_line'),
-                       { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: advance }
-                   );
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                       var padding = 250 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-                       var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
-                       reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.update_line'),
-                           { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: advance }
-                       );
-                   });
-               }, msec + 100);
+             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
+               return continueTo(chooseCategoryBuilding);
+             }
+           });
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function choosePresetHouse() {
+           if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
+             return addHouse();
+           }
 
-           function addNode() {
-               context.history().reset('doneAddLine');
-               if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-                   return chapter.restart();
-               }
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-               var padding = 40 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-               var box = pad(woodRoadAddNode, padding, context);
-               var addNodeString = helpString('intro.lines.add_node' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? '' : '_touch'));
-               reveal(box, addNodeString);
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_houseID]));
+           } // disallow scrolling
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                   var padding = 40 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-                   var box = pad(woodRoadAddNode, padding, context);
-                   reveal(box, addNodeString, { duration: 0 });
-               });
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function(changed) {
-                   if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-                       return continueTo(updateLine);
-                   }
-                   if (changed.created().length === 1) {
-                       timeout(function() { continueTo(startDragEndpoint); }, 500);
-                   }
-               });
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           timeout(function () {
+             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
+             var button = context.container().select('.preset-building-house .preset-list-button');
+             reveal(button.node(), helpHtml('intro.buildings.choose_preset_house', {
+               preset: housePreset.name()
+             }), {
+               duration: 300
+             });
+             button.on('click.intro', function () {
+               button.on('click.intro', null);
+               continueTo(closeEditorHouse);
+             });
+           }, 400); // after preset list pane visible..
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (mode.id !== 'select') {
-                       continueTo(updateLine);
-                   }
-               });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
+               return continueTo(addHouse);
+             }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
+             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
+               return continueTo(chooseCategoryBuilding);
+             }
+           });
 
-           function startDragEndpoint() {
-               if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-                   return continueTo(updateLine);
-               }
-               var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-               var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
-               var startDragString = helpString('intro.lines.start_drag_endpoint' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? '' : '_touch')) +
-                   helpString('intro.lines.drag_to_intersection');
-               reveal(box, startDragString);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                   if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-                       return continueTo(updateLine);
-                   }
-                   var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-                   var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
-                   reveal(box, startDragString, { duration: 0 });
+         function closeEditorHouse() {
+           if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
+             return addHouse();
+           }
 
-                   var entity = context.entity(woodRoadEndID);
-                   if (geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, woodRoadDragEndpoint) <= 4) {
-                       continueTo(finishDragEndpoint);
-                   }
-               });
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_houseID]));
            }
 
-
-           function finishDragEndpoint() {
-               if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-                   return continueTo(updateLine);
+           context.history().checkpoint('hasHouse');
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(rightClickHouse);
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.buildings.close', {
+               button: {
+                 html: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'inline')
                }
+             }));
+           }, 500);
 
-               var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-               var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
-               var finishDragString = helpString('intro.lines.spot_looks_good') +
-                   helpString('intro.lines.finish_drag_endpoint' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? '' : '_touch'));
-               reveal(box, finishDragString);
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                   if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-                       return continueTo(updateLine);
-                   }
-                   var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-                   var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
-                   reveal(box, finishDragString, { duration: 0 });
+         function rightClickHouse() {
+           if (!_houseID) return chapter.restart();
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('hasHouse');
+           var zoom = context.map().zoom();
 
-                   var entity = context.entity(woodRoadEndID);
-                   if (geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, woodRoadDragEndpoint) > 4) {
-                       continueTo(startDragEndpoint);
-                   }
-               });
+           if (zoom < 20) {
+             zoom = 20;
+           }
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(startDragMidpoint);
-               });
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(house, zoom, 500);
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+             if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== _houseID) return;
+             timeout(function () {
+               var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'orthogonalize').node();
+               if (!node) return;
+               continueTo(clickSquare);
+             }, 50); // after menu visible
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             var rightclickString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick_building' : 'edit_menu_building_touch'));
+             revealHouse(house, rightclickString, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(rightClickHouse);
+           });
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function clickSquare() {
+           if (!_houseID) return chapter.restart();
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(_houseID);
+           if (!entity) return continueTo(rightClickHouse);
+           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'orthogonalize').node();
 
-           function startDragMidpoint() {
-               if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-                   return continueTo(updateLine);
-               }
-               if (context.selectedIDs().indexOf(woodRoadID) === -1) {
-                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, [woodRoadID]));
-               }
-
-               var padding = 80 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-               var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
-               reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.start_drag_midpoint'));
+           if (!node) {
+             return continueTo(rightClickHouse);
+           }
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                   if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-                       return continueTo(updateLine);
-                   }
-                   var padding = 80 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-                   var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
-                   reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.start_drag_midpoint'), { duration: 0 });
-               });
+           var wasChanged = false;
+           reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.buildings.square_building'), {
+             padding: 50
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id === 'browse') {
+               continueTo(rightClickHouse);
+             } else if (mode.id === 'move' || mode.id === 'rotate') {
+               continueTo(retryClickSquare);
+             }
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
+             var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'orthogonalize').node();
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function(changed) {
-                   if (changed.created().length === 1) {
-                       continueTo(continueDragMidpoint);
-                   }
-               });
+             if (!wasChanged && !node) {
+               return continueTo(rightClickHouse);
+             }
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (mode.id !== 'select') {
-                       // keep Wood Road selected so midpoint triangles are drawn..
-                       context.enter(modeSelect(context, [woodRoadID]));
-                   }
-               });
+             reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.buildings.square_building'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               padding: 50
+             });
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             wasChanged = true;
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null); // Something changed.  Wait for transition to complete and check undo annotation.
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
+             timeout(function () {
+               if (context.history().undoAnnotation() === _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.feature', {
+                 n: 1
+               })) {
+                 continueTo(doneSquare);
+               } else {
+                 continueTo(retryClickSquare);
                }
+             }, 500); // after transitioned actions
+           });
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.map().on('move.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
+
+         function retryClickSquare() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           revealHouse(house, helpHtml('intro.buildings.retry_square'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               continueTo(rightClickHouse);
+             }
+           });
 
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-           function continueDragMidpoint() {
-               if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-                   return continueTo(updateLine);
-               }
+         function doneSquare() {
+           context.history().checkpoint('doneSquare');
+           revealHouse(house, helpHtml('intro.buildings.done_square'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               continueTo(addTank);
+             }
+           });
 
-               var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-               var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
-               box.height += 400;
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               var advance = function() {
-                   context.history().checkpoint('doneUpdateLine');
-                   continueTo(deleteLines);
-               };
+         function addTank() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('doneSquare');
+           _tankID = null;
+           var msec = transitionTime(tank, context.map().center());
 
-               reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.continue_drag_midpoint'),
-                   { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: advance }
-               );
+           if (msec) {
+             reveal(null, null, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           }
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                   if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
-                       return continueTo(updateLine);
-                   }
-                   var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
-                   var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
-                   box.height += 400;
-                   reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.continue_drag_midpoint'),
-                       { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: advance }
-                   );
-               });
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(tank, 19.5, msec);
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('button.add-area', helpHtml('intro.buildings.add_tank'));
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'add-area') return;
+               continueTo(startTank);
+             });
+           }, msec + 100);
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function startTank() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'add-area') {
+             return continueTo(addTank);
+           }
 
-           function deleteLines() {
-               context.history().reset('doneUpdateLine');
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           _tankID = null;
+           timeout(function () {
+             var startString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.start_tank') + helpHtml('intro.buildings.tank_edge_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap'));
+             revealTank(tank, startString);
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               revealTank(tank, startString, {
+                 duration: 0
+               });
+             });
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'draw-area') return chapter.restart();
+               continueTo(continueTank);
+             });
+           }, 550); // after easing
 
-               if (!context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-                   return chapter.restart();
-               }
-
-               var msec = transitionTime(deleteLinesLoc, context.map().center());
-               if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
-               context.map().centerZoomEase(deleteLinesLoc, 18, msec);
-
-               timeout(function() {
-                   var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-                   var box = pad(deleteLinesLoc, padding, context);
-                   box.top -= 200;
-                   box.height += 400;
-                   var advance = function() { continueTo(rightClickIntersection); };
-
-                   reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.delete_lines', { street: _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue') }),
-                       { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: advance }
-                   );
-
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                       var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-                       var box = pad(deleteLinesLoc, padding, context);
-                       box.top -= 200;
-                       box.height += 400;
-                       reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.delete_lines', { street: _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue') }),
-                           { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: advance }
-                       );
-                   });
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                       timeout(function() {
-                           continueTo(deleteLines);
-                       }, 500);  // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
-                   });
+         function continueTank() {
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
+             return continueTo(addTank);
+           }
 
-               }, msec + 100);
+           _tankID = null;
+           var continueString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.continue_tank') + '{br}' + helpHtml('intro.areas.finish_area_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) + helpHtml('intro.buildings.finish_tank');
+           revealTank(tank, continueString);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+             revealTank(tank, continueString, {
+               duration: 0
+             });
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
+               return;
+             } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
+               _tankID = context.selectedIDs()[0];
+               return continueTo(searchPresetTank);
+             } else {
+               return continueTo(addTank);
+             }
+           });
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function searchPresetTank() {
+           if (!_tankID || !context.hasEntity(_tankID)) {
+             return addTank();
+           }
 
-           function rightClickIntersection() {
-               context.history().reset('doneUpdateLine');
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-               context.map().centerZoomEase(eleventhAvenueEnd, 18, 500);
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _tankID) {
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_tankID]));
+           } // disallow scrolling
 
-               var rightClickString = helpString('intro.lines.split_street', {
-                       street1: _t('intro.graph.name.11th-avenue'),
-                       street2: _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street')
-                   }) +
-                   helpString('intro.lines.' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick_intersection' : 'edit_menu_intersection_touch'));
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-                   var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
-                   reveal(box, rightClickString);
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           timeout(function () {
+             // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
+             context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+             reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.buildings.search_tank', {
+               preset: tankPreset.name()
+             }));
+           }, 400); // after preset list pane visible..
 
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                       var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-                       var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
-                       reveal(box, rightClickString,
-                           { duration: 0 }
-                       );
-                   });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (!_tankID || !context.hasEntity(_tankID)) {
+               return continueTo(addTank);
+             }
 
-                   context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                       if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
-                       var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-                       if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== eleventhAvenueEndID) return;
+             var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-                       timeout(function() {
-                           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'split').node();
-                           if (!node) return;
-                           continueTo(splitIntersection);
-                       }, 50);  // after menu visible
-                   });
+             if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _tankID) {
+               // keep the user's area selected..
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_tankID])); // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
 
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                       timeout(function() {
-                           continueTo(deleteLines);
-                       }, 300);  // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
-                   });
+               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%'); // disallow scrolling
 
-               }, 600);
+               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', null).on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+               reveal('.preset-search-input', helpHtml('intro.buildings.search_tank', {
+                 preset: tankPreset.name()
+               }));
+               context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             }
+           });
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+           function checkPresetSearch() {
+             var first = context.container().select('.preset-list-item:first-child');
 
+             if (first.classed('preset-man_made-storage_tank')) {
+               reveal(first.select('.preset-list-button').node(), helpHtml('intro.buildings.choose_tank', {
+                 preset: tankPreset.name()
+               }), {
+                 duration: 300
+               });
+               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true).on('keyup.intro', null);
+               context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+                 continueTo(closeEditorTank);
+               });
+             }
+           }
 
-           function splitIntersection() {
-               if (!context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-                   return continueTo(deleteLines);
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'split').node();
-               if (!node) { return continueTo(rightClickIntersection); }
+         function closeEditorTank() {
+           if (!_tankID || !context.hasEntity(_tankID)) {
+             return addTank();
+           }
 
-               var wasChanged = false;
-               _washingtonSegmentID = null;
+           var ids = context.selectedIDs();
 
-               reveal('.edit-menu', helpString('intro.lines.split_intersection',
-                   { street: _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street') }),
-                   { padding: 50 }
-               );
+           if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _tankID) {
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_tankID]));
+           }
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                   var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'split').node();
-                   if (!wasChanged && !node) { return continueTo(rightClickIntersection); }
+           context.history().checkpoint('hasTank');
+           context.on('exit.intro', function () {
+             continueTo(rightClickTank);
+           });
+           timeout(function () {
+             reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpHtml('intro.buildings.close', {
+               button: {
+                 html: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'inline')
+               }
+             }));
+           }, 500);
 
-                   reveal('.edit-menu', helpString('intro.lines.split_intersection',
-                       { street: _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street') }),
-                       { duration: 0, padding: 50 }
-                   );
-               });
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('exit.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function(changed) {
-                   wasChanged = true;
-                   timeout(function() {
-                       if (context.history().undoAnnotation() === _t('operations.split.annotation.line')) {
-                           _washingtonSegmentID = changed.created()[0].id;
-                           continueTo(didSplit);
-                       } else {
-                           _washingtonSegmentID = null;
-                           continueTo(retrySplit);
-                       }
-                   }, 300);  // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
+         function rightClickTank() {
+           if (!_tankID) return continueTo(addTank);
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().reset('hasTank');
+           context.map().centerEase(tank, 500);
+           timeout(function () {
+             context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+               if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
+               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
+               if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== _tankID) return;
+               timeout(function () {
+                 var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'circularize').node();
+                 if (!node) return;
+                 continueTo(clickCircle);
+               }, 50); // after menu visible
+             });
+             var rightclickString = helpHtml('intro.buildings.' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick_tank' : 'edit_menu_tank_touch'));
+             revealTank(tank, rightclickString);
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function () {
+               revealTank(tank, rightclickString, {
+                 duration: 0
                });
+             });
+             context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+               continueTo(rightClickTank);
+             });
+           }, 600);
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function clickCircle() {
+           if (!_tankID) return chapter.restart();
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(_tankID);
+           if (!entity) return continueTo(rightClickTank);
+           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'circularize').node();
 
-           function retrySplit() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               context.map().centerZoomEase(eleventhAvenueEnd, 18, 500);
-               var advance = function() { continueTo(rightClickIntersection); };
+           if (!node) {
+             return continueTo(rightClickTank);
+           }
 
-               var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-               var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
-               reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.retry_split'),
-                   { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: advance }
-               );
+           var wasChanged = false;
+           reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.buildings.circle_tank'), {
+             padding: 50
+           });
+           context.on('enter.intro', function (mode) {
+             if (mode.id === 'browse') {
+               continueTo(rightClickTank);
+             } else if (mode.id === 'move' || mode.id === 'rotate') {
+               continueTo(retryClickCircle);
+             }
+           });
+           context.map().on('move.intro', function () {
+             var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'circularize').node();
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                   var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-                   var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
-                   reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.retry_split'),
-                       { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: advance }
-                   );
-               });
+             if (!wasChanged && !node) {
+               return continueTo(rightClickTank);
+             }
+
+             reveal('.edit-menu', helpHtml('intro.buildings.circle_tank'), {
+               duration: 0,
+               padding: 50
+             });
+           });
+           context.history().on('change.intro', function () {
+             wasChanged = true;
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null); // Something changed.  Wait for transition to complete and check undo annotation.
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
+             timeout(function () {
+               if (context.history().undoAnnotation() === _t('operations.circularize.annotation.feature', {
+                 n: 1
+               })) {
+                 continueTo(play);
+               } else {
+                 continueTo(retryClickCircle);
                }
+             }, 500); // after transitioned actions
+           });
+
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             context.on('enter.intro', null);
+             context.map().on('move.intro', null);
+             context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             nextStep();
            }
+         }
 
+         function retryClickCircle() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           revealTank(tank, helpHtml('intro.buildings.retry_circle'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               continueTo(rightClickTank);
+             }
+           });
 
-           function didSplit() {
-               if (!_washingtonSegmentID ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-                   return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
-               }
+           function continueTo(nextStep) {
+             nextStep();
+           }
+         }
 
-               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-               var string = 'intro.lines.did_split_' + (ids.length > 1 ? 'multi' : 'single');
-               var street = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
+         function play() {
+           dispatch.call('done');
+           reveal('.ideditor', helpHtml('intro.buildings.play', {
+             next: _t('intro.startediting.title')
+           }), {
+             tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-startEditing',
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               reveal('.ideditor');
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-               var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-               var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
-               box.width = box.width / 2;
-               reveal(box, helpString(string, { street1: street, street2: street }),
-                   { duration: 500 }
-               );
+         chapter.enter = function () {
+           addHouse();
+         };
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   context.map().centerZoomEase(twelfthAvenue, 18, 500);
+         chapter.exit = function () {
+           timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
+           context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
+           context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
+           context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
+           context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', null);
+         };
 
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                       var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-                       var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
-                       box.width = box.width / 2;
-                       reveal(box, helpString(string, { street1: street, street2: street }),
-                           { duration: 0 }
-                       );
-                   });
-               }, 600);  // after initial reveal and curtain cut
+         chapter.restart = function () {
+           chapter.exit();
+           chapter.enter();
+         };
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function() {
-                   var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-                   if (ids.length === 1 && ids[0] === _washingtonSegmentID) {
-                       continueTo(multiSelect);
-                   }
-               });
+         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   if (!_washingtonSegmentID ||
-                       !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) ||
-                       !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
-                       !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
-                       !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-                       return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
-                   }
-               });
+       function uiIntroStartEditing(context, reveal) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('done', 'startEditing');
+         var modalSelection = select(null);
+         var chapter = {
+           title: 'intro.startediting.title'
+         };
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+         function showHelp() {
+           reveal('.map-control.help-control', helpHtml('intro.startediting.help'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               shortcuts();
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
+         function shortcuts() {
+           reveal('.map-control.help-control', helpHtml('intro.startediting.shortcuts'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               showSave();
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-           function multiSelect() {
-               if (!_washingtonSegmentID ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-                   return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
-               }
+         function showSave() {
+           context.container().selectAll('.shaded').remove(); // in case user opened keyboard shortcuts
 
-               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-               var hasWashington = ids.indexOf(_washingtonSegmentID) !== -1;
-               var hasTwelfth = ids.indexOf(twelfthAvenueID) !== -1;
+           reveal('.top-toolbar button.save', helpHtml('intro.startediting.save'), {
+             buttonText: _t.html('intro.ok'),
+             buttonCallback: function buttonCallback() {
+               showStart();
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-               if (hasWashington && hasTwelfth) {
-                   return continueTo(multiRightClick);
-               } else if (!hasWashington && !hasTwelfth) {
-                   return continueTo(didSplit);
-               }
+         function showStart() {
+           context.container().selectAll('.shaded').remove(); // in case user opened keyboard shortcuts
 
-               context.map().centerZoomEase(twelfthAvenue, 18, 500);
+           modalSelection = uiModal(context.container());
+           modalSelection.select('.modal').attr('class', 'modal-splash modal');
+           modalSelection.selectAll('.close').remove();
+           var startbutton = modalSelection.select('.content').attr('class', 'fillL').append('button').attr('class', 'modal-section huge-modal-button').on('click', function () {
+             modalSelection.remove();
+           });
+           startbutton.append('svg').attr('class', 'illustration').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');
+           startbutton.append('h2').call(_t.append('intro.startediting.start'));
+           dispatch.call('startEditing');
+         }
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   var selected, other, padding, box;
-                   if (hasWashington) {
-                       selected = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
-                       other = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
-                       padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-                       box = pad(twelfthAvenueEnd, padding, context);
-                       box.width *= 3;
-                   } else {
-                       selected = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
-                       other = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
-                       padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-                       box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
-                       box.width /= 2;
-                   }
+         chapter.enter = function () {
+           showHelp();
+         };
 
-                   reveal(box,
-                       helpString('intro.lines.multi_select',
-                           { selected: selected, other1: other }) + ' ' +
-                       helpString('intro.lines.add_to_selection_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'touch'),
-                           { selected: selected, other2: other })
-                   );
-
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                       if (hasWashington) {
-                           selected = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
-                           other = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
-                           padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-                           box = pad(twelfthAvenueEnd, padding, context);
-                           box.width *= 3;
-                       } else {
-                           selected = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
-                           other = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
-                           padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-                           box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
-                           box.width /= 2;
-                       }
+         chapter.exit = function () {
+           modalSelection.remove();
+           context.container().selectAll('.shaded').remove(); // in case user opened keyboard shortcuts
+         };
 
-                       reveal(box,
-                           helpString('intro.lines.multi_select',
-                               { selected: selected, other1: other }) + ' ' +
-                           helpString('intro.lines.add_to_selection_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'touch'),
-                               { selected: selected, other2: other }),
-                           { duration: 0 }
-                       );
-                   });
+         return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-                   context.on('enter.intro', function() {
-                       continueTo(multiSelect);
-                   });
+       var chapterUi = {
+         welcome: uiIntroWelcome,
+         navigation: uiIntroNavigation,
+         point: uiIntroPoint,
+         area: uiIntroArea,
+         line: uiIntroLine,
+         building: uiIntroBuilding,
+         startEditing: uiIntroStartEditing
+       };
+       var chapterFlow = ['welcome', 'navigation', 'point', 'area', 'line', 'building', 'startEditing'];
+       function uiIntro(context) {
+         var INTRO_IMAGERY = 'EsriWorldImageryClarity';
+         var _introGraph = {};
 
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                       if (!_washingtonSegmentID ||
-                           !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) ||
-                           !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
-                           !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
-                           !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-                           return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
-                       }
-                   });
-               }, 600);
+         var _currChapter;
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
+         function intro(selection) {
+           _mainFileFetcher.get('intro_graph').then(function (dataIntroGraph) {
+             // create entities for intro graph and localize names
+             for (var id in dataIntroGraph) {
+               if (!_introGraph[id]) {
+                 _introGraph[id] = osmEntity(localize(dataIntroGraph[id]));
                }
-           }
+             }
 
+             selection.call(startIntro);
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             /* ignore */
+           });
+         }
 
-           function multiRightClick() {
-               if (!_washingtonSegmentID ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-                   return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
-               }
+         function startIntro(selection) {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context)); // Save current map state
 
-               var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-               var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           var history = context.history().toJSON();
+           var hash = window.location.hash;
+           var center = context.map().center();
+           var zoom = context.map().zoom();
+           var background = context.background().baseLayerSource();
+           var overlays = context.background().overlayLayerSources();
+           var opacity = context.container().selectAll('.main-map .layer-background').style('opacity');
+           var caches = osm && osm.caches();
+           var baseEntities = context.history().graph().base().entities; // Show sidebar and disable the sidebar resizing button
+           // (this needs to be before `context.inIntro(true)`)
 
-               var rightClickString = helpString('intro.lines.multi_select_success') +
-                   helpString('intro.lines.multi_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick' : 'edit_menu_touch'));
-               reveal(box, rightClickString);
+           context.ui().sidebar.expand();
+           context.container().selectAll('button.sidebar-toggle').classed('disabled', true); // Block saving
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                   var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-                   var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
-                   reveal(box, rightClickString, { duration: 0 });
-               });
+           context.inIntro(true); // Load semi-real data used in intro
 
-               context.ui().editMenu().on('toggled.intro', function(open) {
-                   if (!open) return;
-
-                   timeout(function() {
-                       var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-                       if (ids.length === 2 &&
-                           ids.indexOf(twelfthAvenueID) !== -1 &&
-                           ids.indexOf(_washingtonSegmentID) !== -1) {
-                               var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
-                               if (!node) return;
-                               continueTo(multiDelete);
-                       } else if (ids.length === 1 &&
-                           ids.indexOf(_washingtonSegmentID) !== -1) {
-                           return continueTo(multiSelect);
-                       } else {
-                           return continueTo(didSplit);
-                       }
-                   }, 300);  // after edit menu visible
-               });
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.toggle(false).reset();
+           }
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   if (!_washingtonSegmentID ||
-                       !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) ||
-                       !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
-                       !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
-                       !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-                       return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
-                   }
-               });
+           context.history().reset();
+           context.history().merge(Object.values(coreGraph().load(_introGraph).entities));
+           context.history().checkpoint('initial'); // Setup imagery
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.ui().editMenu().on('toggled.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           var imagery = context.background().findSource(INTRO_IMAGERY);
+
+           if (imagery) {
+             context.background().baseLayerSource(imagery);
+           } else {
+             context.background().bing();
            }
 
+           overlays.forEach(function (d) {
+             return context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(d);
+           }); // Setup data layers (only OSM)
 
-           function multiDelete() {
-               if (!_washingtonSegmentID ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
-                   !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
-                   return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
-               }
+           var layers = context.layers();
+           layers.all().forEach(function (item) {
+             // if the layer has the function `enabled`
+             if (typeof item.layer.enabled === 'function') {
+               item.layer.enabled(item.id === 'osm');
+             }
+           });
+           context.container().selectAll('.main-map .layer-background').style('opacity', 1);
+           var curtain = uiCurtain(context.container().node());
+           selection.call(curtain); // Store that the user started the walkthrough..
 
-               var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
-               if (!node) return continueTo(multiRightClick);
+           corePreferences('walkthrough_started', 'yes'); // Restore previous walkthrough progress..
 
-               reveal('.edit-menu',
-                   helpString('intro.lines.multi_delete'),
-                   { padding: 50 }
-               );
+           var storedProgress = corePreferences('walkthrough_progress') || '';
+           var progress = storedProgress.split(';').filter(Boolean);
+           var chapters = chapterFlow.map(function (chapter, i) {
+             var s = chapterUi[chapter](context, curtain.reveal).on('done', function () {
+               buttons.filter(function (d) {
+                 return d.title === s.title;
+               }).classed('finished', true);
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                   reveal('.edit-menu',
-                       helpString('intro.lines.multi_delete'),
-                       { duration: 0, padding: 50 }
-                   );
-               });
+               if (i < chapterFlow.length - 1) {
+                 var next = chapterFlow[i + 1];
+                 context.container().select("button.chapter-".concat(next)).classed('next', true);
+               } // Store walkthrough progress..
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   if (context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID)) {
-                       return continueTo(multiSelect);  // left select mode but roads still exist
-                   }
-               });
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   if (context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID)) {
-                       continueTo(retryDelete);         // changed something but roads still exist
-                   } else {
-                       continueTo(play);
-                   }
-               });
+               progress.push(chapter);
+               corePreferences('walkthrough_progress', utilArrayUniq(progress).join(';'));
+             });
+             return s;
+           });
+           chapters[chapters.length - 1].on('startEditing', function () {
+             // Store walkthrough progress..
+             progress.push('startEditing');
+             corePreferences('walkthrough_progress', utilArrayUniq(progress).join(';')); // Store if walkthrough is completed..
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+             var incomplete = utilArrayDifference(chapterFlow, progress);
+
+             if (!incomplete.length) {
+               corePreferences('walkthrough_completed', 'yes');
+             }
 
+             curtain.remove();
+             navwrap.remove();
+             context.container().selectAll('.main-map .layer-background').style('opacity', opacity);
+             context.container().selectAll('button.sidebar-toggle').classed('disabled', false);
+
+             if (osm) {
+               osm.toggle(true).reset().caches(caches);
+             }
+
+             context.history().reset().merge(Object.values(baseEntities));
+             context.background().baseLayerSource(background);
+             overlays.forEach(function (d) {
+               return context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(d);
+             });
 
-           function retryDelete() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             if (history) {
+               context.history().fromJSON(history, false);
+             }
 
-               var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
-               var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
-               reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.retry_delete'), {
-                   buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
-                   buttonCallback: function() { continueTo(multiSelect); }
-               });
+             context.map().centerZoom(center, zoom);
+             window.location.replace(hash);
+             context.inIntro(false);
+           });
+           var navwrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'intro-nav-wrap fillD');
+           navwrap.append('svg').attr('class', 'intro-nav-wrap-logo').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');
+           var buttonwrap = navwrap.append('div').attr('class', 'joined').selectAll('button.chapter');
+           var buttons = buttonwrap.data(chapters).enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d, i) {
+             return "chapter chapter-".concat(chapterFlow[i]);
+           }).on('click', enterChapter);
+           buttons.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html(d.title);
+           });
+           buttons.append('span').attr('class', 'status').call(svgIcon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward', 'inline'));
+           enterChapter(null, chapters[0]);
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+           function enterChapter(d3_event, newChapter) {
+             if (_currChapter) {
+               _currChapter.exit();
+             }
 
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             _currChapter = newChapter;
 
-           function play() {
-               dispatch$1.call('done');
-               reveal('.ideditor',
-                   helpString('intro.lines.play', { next: _t('intro.buildings.title') }), {
-                       tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-building',
-                       buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
-                       buttonCallback: function() { reveal('.ideditor'); }
-                   }
-               );
-          }
+             _currChapter.enter();
 
+             buttons.classed('next', false).classed('active', function (d) {
+               return d.title === _currChapter.title;
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-           chapter.enter = function() {
-               addLine();
-           };
+         return intro;
+       }
 
+       function uiIssuesInfo(context) {
+         var warningsItem = {
+           id: 'warnings',
+           count: 0,
+           iconID: 'iD-icon-alert',
+           descriptionID: 'issues.warnings_and_errors'
+         };
+         var resolvedItem = {
+           id: 'resolved',
+           count: 0,
+           iconID: 'iD-icon-apply',
+           descriptionID: 'issues.user_resolved_issues'
+         };
+
+         function update(selection) {
+           var shownItems = [];
+           var liveIssues = context.validator().getIssues({
+             what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
+             where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'
+           });
 
-           chapter.exit = function() {
-               timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
-               select(window).on('pointerdown.intro mousedown.intro', null, true);
-               context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-               context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-               context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
-           };
+           if (liveIssues.length) {
+             warningsItem.count = liveIssues.length;
+             shownItems.push(warningsItem);
+           }
 
+           if (corePreferences('validate-what') === 'all') {
+             var resolvedIssues = context.validator().getResolvedIssues();
 
-           chapter.restart = function() {
-               chapter.exit();
-               chapter.enter();
-           };
+             if (resolvedIssues.length) {
+               resolvedItem.count = resolvedIssues.length;
+               shownItems.push(resolvedItem);
+             }
+           }
 
+           var chips = selection.selectAll('.chip').data(shownItems, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           });
+           chips.exit().remove();
+           var enter = chips.enter().append('a').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'chip ' + d.id + '-count';
+           }).attr('href', '#').each(function (d) {
+             var chipSelection = select(this);
+             var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement('top').title(_t.html(d.descriptionID));
+             chipSelection.call(tooltipBehavior).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               tooltipBehavior.hide(select(this)); // open the Issues pane
+
+               context.ui().togglePanes(context.container().select('.map-panes .issues-pane'));
+             });
+             chipSelection.call(svgIcon('#' + d.iconID));
+           });
+           enter.append('span').attr('class', 'count');
+           enter.merge(chips).selectAll('span.count').text(function (d) {
+             return d.count.toString();
+           });
+         }
 
-           return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return function (selection) {
+           update(selection);
+           context.validator().on('validated.infobox', function () {
+             update(selection);
+           });
+         };
        }
 
-       function uiIntroBuilding(context, reveal) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
-           var house = [-85.62815, 41.95638];
-           var tank = [-85.62732, 41.95347];
-           var buildingCatetory = _mainPresetIndex.item('category-building');
-           var housePreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('building/house');
-           var tankPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('man_made/storage_tank');
-           var timeouts = [];
-           var _houseID = null;
-           var _tankID = null;
-
-
-           var chapter = {
-               title: 'intro.buildings.title'
-           };
-
+       function uiMapInMap(context) {
+         function mapInMap(selection) {
+           var backgroundLayer = rendererTileLayer(context);
+           var overlayLayers = {};
+           var projection = geoRawMercator();
+           var dataLayer = svgData(projection, context).showLabels(false);
+           var debugLayer = svgDebug(projection, context);
+           var zoom = d3_zoom().scaleExtent([geoZoomToScale(0.5), geoZoomToScale(24)]).on('start', zoomStarted).on('zoom', zoomed).on('end', zoomEnded);
+           var wrap = select(null);
+           var tiles = select(null);
+           var viewport = select(null);
+           var _isTransformed = false;
+           var _isHidden = true;
+           var _skipEvents = false;
+           var _gesture = null;
+           var _zDiff = 6; // by default, minimap renders at (main zoom - 6)
 
-           function timeout(f, t) {
-               timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
-           }
+           var _dMini; // dimensions of minimap
 
 
-           function eventCancel() {
-               event.stopPropagation();
-               event.preventDefault();
-           }
+           var _cMini; // center pixel of minimap
 
 
-           function revealHouse(center, text, options) {
-               var padding = 160 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 20);
-               var box = pad(center, padding, context);
-               reveal(box, text, options);
-           }
+           var _tStart; // transform at start of gesture
 
 
-           function revealTank(center, text, options) {
-               var padding = 190 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19.5);
-               var box = pad(center, padding, context);
-               reveal(box, text, options);
-           }
+           var _tCurr; // transform at most recent event
 
 
-           function addHouse() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               context.history().reset('initial');
-               _houseID = null;
-
-               var msec = transitionTime(house, context.map().center());
-               if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
-               context.map().centerZoomEase(house, 19, msec);
-
-               timeout(function() {
-                   var tooltip = reveal('button.add-area',
-                       helpString('intro.buildings.add_building'));
-
-                   tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner')
-                       .insert('svg', 'span')
-                       .attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration')
-                       .append('use')
-                       .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-buildings');
-
-                   context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                       if (mode.id !== 'add-area') return;
-                       continueTo(startHouse);
-                   });
-               }, msec + 100);
+           var _timeoutID;
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+           function zoomStarted() {
+             if (_skipEvents) return;
+             _tStart = _tCurr = projection.transform();
+             _gesture = null;
            }
 
+           function zoomed(d3_event) {
+             if (_skipEvents) return;
+             var x = d3_event.transform.x;
+             var y = d3_event.transform.y;
+             var k = d3_event.transform.k;
+             var isZooming = k !== _tStart.k;
+             var isPanning = x !== _tStart.x || y !== _tStart.y;
 
-           function startHouse() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'add-area') {
-                   return continueTo(addHouse);
-               }
-
-               _houseID = null;
-               context.map().zoomEase(20, 500);
+             if (!isZooming && !isPanning) {
+               return; // no change
+             } // lock in either zooming or panning, don't allow both in minimap.
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   var startString = helpString('intro.buildings.start_building') +
-                       helpString('intro.buildings.building_corner_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap'));
-                   revealHouse(house, startString);
 
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                       revealHouse(house, startString, { duration: 0 });
-                   });
+             if (!_gesture) {
+               _gesture = isZooming ? 'zoom' : 'pan';
+             }
 
-                   context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                       if (mode.id !== 'draw-area') return chapter.restart();
-                       continueTo(continueHouse);
-                   });
+             var tMini = projection.transform();
+             var tX, tY, scale;
 
-               }, 550);  // after easing
+             if (_gesture === 'zoom') {
+               scale = k / tMini.k;
+               tX = (_cMini[0] / scale - _cMini[0]) * scale;
+               tY = (_cMini[1] / scale - _cMini[1]) * scale;
+             } else {
+               k = tMini.k;
+               scale = 1;
+               tX = x - tMini.x;
+               tY = y - tMini.y;
+             }
+
+             utilSetTransform(tiles, tX, tY, scale);
+             utilSetTransform(viewport, 0, 0, scale);
+             _isTransformed = true;
+             _tCurr = identity$2.translate(x, y).scale(k);
+             var zMain = geoScaleToZoom(context.projection.scale());
+             var zMini = geoScaleToZoom(k);
+             _zDiff = zMain - zMini;
+             queueRedraw();
+           }
+
+           function zoomEnded() {
+             if (_skipEvents) return;
+             if (_gesture !== 'pan') return;
+             updateProjection();
+             _gesture = null;
+             context.map().center(projection.invert(_cMini)); // recenter main map..
+           }
+
+           function updateProjection() {
+             var loc = context.map().center();
+             var tMain = context.projection.transform();
+             var zMain = geoScaleToZoom(tMain.k);
+             var zMini = Math.max(zMain - _zDiff, 0.5);
+             var kMini = geoZoomToScale(zMini);
+             projection.translate([tMain.x, tMain.y]).scale(kMini);
+             var point = projection(loc);
+             var mouse = _gesture === 'pan' ? geoVecSubtract([_tCurr.x, _tCurr.y], [_tStart.x, _tStart.y]) : [0, 0];
+             var xMini = _cMini[0] - point[0] + tMain.x + mouse[0];
+             var yMini = _cMini[1] - point[1] + tMain.y + mouse[1];
+             projection.translate([xMini, yMini]).clipExtent([[0, 0], _dMini]);
+             _tCurr = projection.transform();
+
+             if (_isTransformed) {
+               utilSetTransform(tiles, 0, 0);
+               utilSetTransform(viewport, 0, 0);
+               _isTransformed = false;
+             }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+             zoom.scaleExtent([geoZoomToScale(0.5), geoZoomToScale(zMain - 3)]);
+             _skipEvents = true;
+             wrap.call(zoom.transform, _tCurr);
+             _skipEvents = false;
            }
 
+           function redraw() {
+             clearTimeout(_timeoutID);
+             if (_isHidden) return;
+             updateProjection();
+             var zMini = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale()); // setup tile container
 
-           function continueHouse() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
-                   return continueTo(addHouse);
-               }
+             tiles = wrap.selectAll('.map-in-map-tiles').data([0]);
+             tiles = tiles.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'map-in-map-tiles').merge(tiles); // redraw background
 
-               _houseID = null;
+             backgroundLayer.source(context.background().baseLayerSource()).projection(projection).dimensions(_dMini);
+             var background = tiles.selectAll('.map-in-map-background').data([0]);
+             background.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'map-in-map-background').merge(background).call(backgroundLayer); // redraw overlay
 
-               var continueString = helpString('intro.buildings.continue_building') + '{br}' +
-                   helpString('intro.areas.finish_area_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) +
-                   helpString('intro.buildings.finish_building');
+             var overlaySources = context.background().overlayLayerSources();
+             var activeOverlayLayers = [];
 
-               revealHouse(house, continueString);
+             for (var i = 0; i < overlaySources.length; i++) {
+               if (overlaySources[i].validZoom(zMini)) {
+                 if (!overlayLayers[i]) overlayLayers[i] = rendererTileLayer(context);
+                 activeOverlayLayers.push(overlayLayers[i].source(overlaySources[i]).projection(projection).dimensions(_dMini));
+               }
+             }
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                   revealHouse(house, continueString, { duration: 0 });
+             var overlay = tiles.selectAll('.map-in-map-overlay').data([0]);
+             overlay = overlay.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'map-in-map-overlay').merge(overlay);
+             var overlays = overlay.selectAll('div').data(activeOverlayLayers, function (d) {
+               return d.source().name();
+             });
+             overlays.exit().remove();
+             overlays = overlays.enter().append('div').merge(overlays).each(function (layer) {
+               select(this).call(layer);
+             });
+             var dataLayers = tiles.selectAll('.map-in-map-data').data([0]);
+             dataLayers.exit().remove();
+             dataLayers = dataLayers.enter().append('svg').attr('class', 'map-in-map-data').merge(dataLayers).call(dataLayer).call(debugLayer); // redraw viewport bounding box
+
+             if (_gesture !== 'pan') {
+               var getPath = d3_geoPath(projection);
+               var bbox = {
+                 type: 'Polygon',
+                 coordinates: [context.map().extent().polygon()]
+               };
+               viewport = wrap.selectAll('.map-in-map-viewport').data([0]);
+               viewport = viewport.enter().append('svg').attr('class', 'map-in-map-viewport').merge(viewport);
+               var path = viewport.selectAll('.map-in-map-bbox').data([bbox]);
+               path.enter().append('path').attr('class', 'map-in-map-bbox').merge(path).attr('d', getPath).classed('thick', function (d) {
+                 return getPath.area(d) < 30;
                });
+             }
+           }
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
-                       return;
-                   } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
-                       var graph = context.graph();
-                       var way = context.entity(context.selectedIDs()[0]);
-                       var nodes = graph.childNodes(way);
-                       var points = utilArrayUniq(nodes)
-                           .map(function(n) { return context.projection(n.loc); });
-
-                       if (isMostlySquare(points)) {
-                           _houseID = way.id;
-                           return continueTo(chooseCategoryBuilding);
-                       } else {
-                           return continueTo(retryHouse);
-                       }
+           function queueRedraw() {
+             clearTimeout(_timeoutID);
+             _timeoutID = setTimeout(function () {
+               redraw();
+             }, 750);
+           }
 
-                   } else {
-                       return chapter.restart();
-                   }
-               });
+           function toggle(d3_event) {
+             if (d3_event) d3_event.preventDefault();
+             _isHidden = !_isHidden;
+             context.container().select('.minimap-toggle-item').classed('active', !_isHidden).select('input').property('checked', !_isHidden);
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+             if (_isHidden) {
+               wrap.style('display', 'block').style('opacity', '1').transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '0').on('end', function () {
+                 selection.selectAll('.map-in-map').style('display', 'none');
+               });
+             } else {
+               wrap.style('display', 'block').style('opacity', '0').transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '1').on('end', function () {
+                 redraw();
+               });
+             }
            }
 
+           uiMapInMap.toggle = toggle;
+           wrap = selection.selectAll('.map-in-map').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'map-in-map').style('display', _isHidden ? 'none' : 'block').call(zoom).on('dblclick.zoom', null).merge(wrap); // reflow warning: Hardcode dimensions - currently can't resize it anyway..
 
-           function retryHouse() {
-               var onClick = function() { continueTo(addHouse); };
+           _dMini = [200, 150]; //utilGetDimensions(wrap);
 
-               revealHouse(house, helpString('intro.buildings.retry_building'),
-                   { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
-               );
+           _cMini = geoVecScale(_dMini, 0.5);
+           context.map().on('drawn.map-in-map', function (drawn) {
+             if (drawn.full === true) {
+               redraw();
+             }
+           });
+           redraw();
+           context.keybinding().on(_t('background.minimap.key'), toggle);
+         }
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                   revealHouse(house, helpString('intro.buildings.retry_building'),
-                       { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
-                   );
-               });
+         return mapInMap;
+       }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+       function uiNotice(context) {
+         return function (selection) {
+           var div = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'notice');
+           var button = div.append('button').attr('class', 'zoom-to notice fillD').on('click', function () {
+             context.map().zoomEase(context.minEditableZoom());
+           }).on('wheel', function (d3_event) {
+             // let wheel events pass through #4482
+             var e2 = new WheelEvent(d3_event.type, d3_event);
+             context.surface().node().dispatchEvent(e2);
+           });
+           button.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus', 'pre-text')).append('span').attr('class', 'label').call(_t.append('zoom_in_edit'));
+
+           function disableTooHigh() {
+             var canEdit = context.map().zoom() >= context.minEditableZoom();
+             div.style('display', canEdit ? 'none' : 'block');
            }
 
+           context.map().on('move.notice', debounce(disableTooHigh, 500));
+           disableTooHigh();
+         };
+       }
 
-           function chooseCategoryBuilding() {
-               if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
-                   return addHouse();
-               }
-               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
-                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_houseID]));
-               }
+       function uiPhotoviewer(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('resize');
 
-               // disallow scrolling
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
+         function photoviewer(selection) {
+           selection.append('button').attr('class', 'thumb-hide').attr('title', _t('icons.close')).on('click', function () {
+             if (services.streetside) {
+               services.streetside.hideViewer(context);
+             }
 
-                   var button = context.container().select('.preset-category-building .preset-list-button');
+             if (services.mapillary) {
+               services.mapillary.hideViewer(context);
+             }
 
-                   reveal(button.node(),
-                       helpString('intro.buildings.choose_category_building', { category: buildingCatetory.name() })
-                   );
+             if (services.kartaview) {
+               services.kartaview.hideViewer(context);
+             }
+           }).append('div').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
 
-                   button.on('click.intro', function() {
-                       button.on('click.intro', null);
-                       continueTo(choosePresetHouse);
-                   });
+           function preventDefault(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+           }
 
-               }, 400);  // after preset list pane visible..
+           selection.append('button').attr('class', 'resize-handle-xy').on('touchstart touchdown touchend', preventDefault).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down', buildResizeListener(selection, 'resize', dispatch, {
+             resizeOnX: true,
+             resizeOnY: true
+           }));
+           selection.append('button').attr('class', 'resize-handle-x').on('touchstart touchdown touchend', preventDefault).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down', buildResizeListener(selection, 'resize', dispatch, {
+             resizeOnX: true
+           }));
+           selection.append('button').attr('class', 'resize-handle-y').on('touchstart touchdown touchend', preventDefault).on(_pointerPrefix + 'down', buildResizeListener(selection, 'resize', dispatch, {
+             resizeOnY: true
+           }));
 
+           function buildResizeListener(target, eventName, dispatch, options) {
+             var resizeOnX = !!options.resizeOnX;
+             var resizeOnY = !!options.resizeOnY;
+             var minHeight = options.minHeight || 240;
+             var minWidth = options.minWidth || 320;
+             var pointerId;
+             var startX;
+             var startY;
+             var startWidth;
+             var startHeight;
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
-                       return continueTo(addHouse);
-                   }
-                   var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-                   if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
-                       return continueTo(chooseCategoryBuilding);
-                   }
-               });
+             function startResize(d3_event) {
+               if (pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+               var mapSize = context.map().dimensions();
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-                   context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
+               if (resizeOnX) {
+                 var maxWidth = mapSize[0];
+                 var newWidth = clamp(startWidth + d3_event.clientX - startX, minWidth, maxWidth);
+                 target.style('width', newWidth + 'px');
                }
-           }
 
+               if (resizeOnY) {
+                 var maxHeight = mapSize[1] - 90; // preserve space at top/bottom of map
 
-           function choosePresetHouse() {
-               if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
-                   return addHouse();
+                 var newHeight = clamp(startHeight + startY - d3_event.clientY, minHeight, maxHeight);
+                 target.style('height', newHeight + 'px');
                }
-               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
-                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_houseID]));
-               }
-
-               // disallow scrolling
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
-
-                   var button = context.container().select('.preset-building-house .preset-list-button');
+               dispatch.call(eventName, target, utilGetDimensions(target, true));
+             }
 
-                   reveal(button.node(),
-                       helpString('intro.buildings.choose_preset_house', { preset: housePreset.name() }),
-                       { duration: 300 }
-                   );
+             function clamp(num, min, max) {
+               return Math.max(min, Math.min(num, max));
+             }
 
-                   button.on('click.intro', function() {
-                       button.on('click.intro', null);
-                       continueTo(closeEditorHouse);
-                   });
+             function stopResize(d3_event) {
+               if (pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation(); // remove all the listeners we added
 
-               }, 400);  // after preset list pane visible..
+               select(window).on('.' + eventName, null);
+             }
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
-                       return continueTo(addHouse);
-                   }
-                   var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-                   if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
-                       return continueTo(chooseCategoryBuilding);
-                   }
-               });
+             return function initResize(d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+               pointerId = d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse';
+               startX = d3_event.clientX;
+               startY = d3_event.clientY;
+               var targetRect = target.node().getBoundingClientRect();
+               startWidth = targetRect.width;
+               startHeight = targetRect.height;
+               select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.' + eventName, startResize, false).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.' + eventName, stopResize, false);
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-                   context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
+               if (_pointerPrefix === 'pointer') {
+                 select(window).on('pointercancel.' + eventName, stopResize, false);
                }
+             };
            }
+         }
 
+         photoviewer.onMapResize = function () {
+           var photoviewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           var content = context.container().select('.main-content');
+           var mapDimensions = utilGetDimensions(content, true); // shrink photo viewer if it is too big
+           // (-90 preserves space at top and bottom of map used by menus)
 
-           function closeEditorHouse() {
-               if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
-                   return addHouse();
-               }
-               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
-                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_houseID]));
-               }
+           var photoDimensions = utilGetDimensions(photoviewer, true);
 
-               context.history().checkpoint('hasHouse');
+           if (photoDimensions[0] > mapDimensions[0] || photoDimensions[1] > mapDimensions[1] - 90) {
+             var setPhotoDimensions = [Math.min(photoDimensions[0], mapDimensions[0]), Math.min(photoDimensions[1], mapDimensions[1] - 90)];
+             photoviewer.style('width', setPhotoDimensions[0] + 'px').style('height', setPhotoDimensions[1] + 'px');
+             dispatch.call('resize', photoviewer, setPhotoDimensions);
+           }
+         };
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(rightClickHouse);
-               });
+         return utilRebind(photoviewer, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
-                       helpString('intro.buildings.close', { button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'pre-text') })
-                   );
-               }, 500);
+       function uiRestore(context) {
+         return function (selection) {
+           if (!context.history().hasRestorableChanges()) return;
+           var modalSelection = uiModal(selection, true);
+           modalSelection.select('.modal').attr('class', 'modal fillL');
+           var introModal = modalSelection.select('.content');
+           introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section').append('h3').call(_t.append('restore.heading'));
+           introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section').append('p').call(_t.append('restore.description'));
+           var buttonWrap = introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-actions');
+           var restore = buttonWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'restore').on('click', function () {
+             context.history().restore();
+             modalSelection.remove();
+           });
+           restore.append('svg').attr('class', 'logo logo-restore').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-restore');
+           restore.append('div').call(_t.append('restore.restore'));
+           var reset = buttonWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'reset').on('click', function () {
+             context.history().clearSaved();
+             modalSelection.remove();
+           });
+           reset.append('svg').attr('class', 'logo logo-reset').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-reset');
+           reset.append('div').call(_t.append('restore.reset'));
+           restore.node().focus();
+         };
+       }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+       function uiScale(context) {
+         var projection = context.projection,
+             isImperial = !_mainLocalizer.usesMetric(),
+             maxLength = 180,
+             tickHeight = 8;
+
+         function scaleDefs(loc1, loc2) {
+           var lat = (loc2[1] + loc1[1]) / 2,
+               conversion = isImperial ? 3.28084 : 1,
+               dist = geoLonToMeters(loc2[0] - loc1[0], lat) * conversion,
+               scale = {
+             dist: 0,
+             px: 0,
+             text: ''
+           },
+               buckets,
+               i,
+               val,
+               dLon;
 
+           if (isImperial) {
+             buckets = [5280000, 528000, 52800, 5280, 500, 50, 5, 1];
+           } else {
+             buckets = [5000000, 500000, 50000, 5000, 500, 50, 5, 1];
+           } // determine a user-friendly endpoint for the scale
 
-           function rightClickHouse() {
-               if (!_houseID) return chapter.restart();
 
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               context.history().reset('hasHouse');
-               var zoom = context.map().zoom();
-               if (zoom < 20) {
-                   zoom = 20;
-               }
-               context.map().centerZoomEase(house, zoom, 500);
-
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
-                   var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-                   if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== _houseID) return;
-
-                   timeout(function() {
-                       var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'orthogonalize').node();
-                       if (!node) return;
-                       continueTo(clickSquare);
-                   }, 50);  // after menu visible
-               });
+           for (i = 0; i < buckets.length; i++) {
+             val = buckets[i];
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                   var rightclickString = helpString('intro.buildings.' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick_building' : 'edit_menu_building_touch'));
-                   revealHouse(house, rightclickString, { duration: 0 });
-               });
+             if (dist >= val) {
+               scale.dist = Math.floor(dist / val) * val;
+               break;
+             } else {
+               scale.dist = +dist.toFixed(2);
+             }
+           }
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(rightClickHouse);
-               });
+           dLon = geoMetersToLon(scale.dist / conversion, lat);
+           scale.px = Math.round(projection([loc1[0] + dLon, loc1[1]])[0]);
+           scale.text = displayLength(scale.dist / conversion, isImperial);
+           return scale;
+         }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+         function update(selection) {
+           // choose loc1, loc2 along bottom of viewport (near where the scale will be drawn)
+           var dims = context.map().dimensions(),
+               loc1 = projection.invert([0, dims[1]]),
+               loc2 = projection.invert([maxLength, dims[1]]),
+               scale = scaleDefs(loc1, loc2);
+           selection.select('.scale-path').attr('d', 'M0.5,0.5v' + tickHeight + 'h' + scale.px + 'v-' + tickHeight);
+           selection.select('.scale-text').style(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr' ? 'left' : 'right', scale.px + 16 + 'px').text(scale.text);
+         }
+
+         return function (selection) {
+           function switchUnits() {
+             isImperial = !isImperial;
+             selection.call(update);
            }
 
+           var scalegroup = selection.append('svg').attr('class', 'scale').on('click', switchUnits).append('g').attr('transform', 'translate(10,11)');
+           scalegroup.append('path').attr('class', 'scale-path');
+           selection.append('div').attr('class', 'scale-text');
+           selection.call(update);
+           context.map().on('move.scale', function () {
+             update(selection);
+           });
+         };
+       }
 
-           function clickSquare() {
-               if (!_houseID) return chapter.restart();
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(_houseID);
-               if (!entity) return continueTo(rightClickHouse);
+       function uiShortcuts(context) {
+         var detected = utilDetect();
+         var _activeTab = 0;
 
-               var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'orthogonalize').node();
-               if (!node) { return continueTo(rightClickHouse); }
+         var _modalSelection;
 
-               var wasChanged = false;
+         var _selection = select(null);
 
-               reveal('.edit-menu',
-                   helpString('intro.buildings.square_building'),
-                   { padding: 50 }
-               );
+         var _dataShortcuts;
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (mode.id === 'browse') {
-                       continueTo(rightClickHouse);
-                   } else if (mode.id === 'move' || mode.id === 'rotate') {
-                       continueTo(retryClickSquare);
-                   }
-               });
+         function shortcutsModal(_modalSelection) {
+           _modalSelection.select('.modal').classed('modal-shortcuts', true);
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro', function() {
-                   var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'orthogonalize').node();
-                   if (!wasChanged && !node) { return continueTo(rightClickHouse); }
+           var content = _modalSelection.select('.content');
 
-                   reveal('.edit-menu',
-                       helpString('intro.buildings.square_building'),
-                       { duration: 0, padding: 50 }
-                   );
-               });
+           content.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section header').append('h2').call(_t.append('shortcuts.title'));
+           _mainFileFetcher.get('shortcuts').then(function (data) {
+             _dataShortcuts = data;
+             content.call(render);
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             /* ignore */
+           });
+         }
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   wasChanged = true;
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+         function render(selection) {
+           if (!_dataShortcuts) return;
+           var wrapper = selection.selectAll('.wrapper').data([0]);
+           var wrapperEnter = wrapper.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'wrapper modal-section');
+           var tabsBar = wrapperEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'tabs-bar');
+           var shortcutsList = wrapperEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'shortcuts-list');
+           wrapper = wrapper.merge(wrapperEnter);
+           var tabs = tabsBar.selectAll('.tab').data(_dataShortcuts);
+           var tabsEnter = tabs.enter().append('a').attr('class', 'tab').attr('href', '#').on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-                   // Something changed.  Wait for transition to complete and check undo annotation.
-                   timeout(function() {
-                       if (context.history().undoAnnotation() === _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.feature.single')) {
-                           continueTo(doneSquare);
-                       } else {
-                           continueTo(retryClickSquare);
-                       }
-                   }, 500);  // after transitioned actions
-               });
+             var i = _dataShortcuts.indexOf(d);
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   context.map().on('move.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+             _activeTab = i;
+             render(selection);
+           });
+           tabsEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html(d.text);
+           }); // Update
+
+           wrapper.selectAll('.tab').classed('active', function (d, i) {
+             return i === _activeTab;
+           });
+           var shortcuts = shortcutsList.selectAll('.shortcut-tab').data(_dataShortcuts);
+           var shortcutsEnter = shortcuts.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'shortcut-tab shortcut-tab-' + d.tab;
+           });
+           var columnsEnter = shortcutsEnter.selectAll('.shortcut-column').data(function (d) {
+             return d.columns;
+           }).enter().append('table').attr('class', 'shortcut-column');
+           var rowsEnter = columnsEnter.selectAll('.shortcut-row').data(function (d) {
+             return d.rows;
+           }).enter().append('tr').attr('class', 'shortcut-row');
+           var sectionRows = rowsEnter.filter(function (d) {
+             return !d.shortcuts;
+           });
+           sectionRows.append('td');
+           sectionRows.append('td').attr('class', 'shortcut-section').append('h3').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html(d.text);
+           });
+           var shortcutRows = rowsEnter.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.shortcuts;
+           });
+           var shortcutKeys = shortcutRows.append('td').attr('class', 'shortcut-keys');
+           var modifierKeys = shortcutKeys.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.modifiers;
+           });
+           modifierKeys.selectAll('kbd.modifier').data(function (d) {
+             if (detected.os === 'win' && d.text === 'shortcuts.editing.commands.redo') {
+               return ['⌘'];
+             } else if (detected.os !== 'mac' && d.text === 'shortcuts.browsing.display_options.fullscreen') {
+               return [];
+             } else {
+               return d.modifiers;
+             }
+           }).enter().each(function () {
+             var selection = select(this);
+             selection.append('kbd').attr('class', 'modifier').text(function (d) {
+               return uiCmd.display(d);
+             });
+             selection.append('span').text('+');
+           });
+           shortcutKeys.selectAll('kbd.shortcut').data(function (d) {
+             var arr = d.shortcuts;
 
+             if (detected.os === 'win' && d.text === 'shortcuts.editing.commands.redo') {
+               arr = ['Y'];
+             } else if (detected.os !== 'mac' && d.text === 'shortcuts.browsing.display_options.fullscreen') {
+               arr = ['F11'];
+             } // replace translations
 
-           function retryClickSquare() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
 
-               revealHouse(house, helpString('intro.buildings.retry_square'), {
-                   buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
-                   buttonCallback: function() { continueTo(rightClickHouse); }
+             arr = arr.map(function (s) {
+               return uiCmd.display(s.indexOf('.') !== -1 ? _t(s) : s);
+             });
+             return utilArrayUniq(arr).map(function (s) {
+               return {
+                 shortcut: s,
+                 separator: d.separator,
+                 suffix: d.suffix
+               };
+             });
+           }).enter().each(function (d, i, nodes) {
+             var selection = select(this);
+             var click = d.shortcut.toLowerCase().match(/(.*).click/);
+
+             if (click && click[1]) {
+               // replace "left_click", "right_click" with mouse icon
+               selection.call(svgIcon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-' + click[1], 'operation'));
+             } else if (d.shortcut.toLowerCase() === 'long-press') {
+               selection.call(svgIcon('#iD-walkthrough-longpress', 'longpress operation'));
+             } else if (d.shortcut.toLowerCase() === 'tap') {
+               selection.call(svgIcon('#iD-walkthrough-tap', 'tap operation'));
+             } else {
+               selection.append('kbd').attr('class', 'shortcut').text(function (d) {
+                 return d.shortcut;
                });
+             }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+             if (i < nodes.length - 1) {
+               selection.append('span').html(d.separator || "\xA0" + _t.html('shortcuts.or') + "\xA0");
+             } else if (i === nodes.length - 1 && d.suffix) {
+               selection.append('span').text(d.suffix);
+             }
+           });
+           shortcutKeys.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.gesture;
+           }).each(function () {
+             var selection = select(this);
+             selection.append('span').text('+');
+             selection.append('span').attr('class', 'gesture').html(function (d) {
+               return _t.html(d.gesture);
+             });
+           });
+           shortcutRows.append('td').attr('class', 'shortcut-desc').html(function (d) {
+             return d.text ? _t.html(d.text) : "\xA0";
+           }); // Update
+
+           wrapper.selectAll('.shortcut-tab').style('display', function (d, i) {
+             return i === _activeTab ? 'flex' : 'none';
+           });
+         }
 
+         return function (selection, show) {
+           _selection = selection;
 
-           function doneSquare() {
-               context.history().checkpoint('doneSquare');
+           if (show) {
+             _modalSelection = uiModal(selection);
 
-               revealHouse(house, helpString('intro.buildings.done_square'), {
-                   buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
-                   buttonCallback: function() { continueTo(addTank); }
-               });
+             _modalSelection.call(shortcutsModal);
+           } else {
+             context.keybinding().on([_t('shortcuts.toggle.key'), '?'], function () {
+               if (context.container().selectAll('.modal-shortcuts').size()) {
+                 // already showing
+                 if (_modalSelection) {
+                   _modalSelection.close();
+
+                   _modalSelection = null;
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 _modalSelection = uiModal(_selection);
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   nextStep();
+                 _modalSelection.call(shortcutsModal);
                }
+             });
            }
+         };
+       }
 
+       function uiDataHeader() {
+         var _datum;
 
-           function addTank() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               context.history().reset('doneSquare');
-               _tankID = null;
+         function dataHeader(selection) {
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.data-header').data(_datum ? [_datum] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.__featurehash__;
+           });
+           header.exit().remove();
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'data-header');
+           var iconEnter = headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'data-header-icon');
+           iconEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-icon-28').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-data', 'note-fill'));
+           headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'data-header-label').call(_t.append('map_data.layers.custom.title'));
+         }
 
-               var msec = transitionTime(tank, context.map().center());
-               if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
-               context.map().centerZoomEase(tank, 19.5, msec);
+         dataHeader.datum = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _datum;
+           _datum = val;
+           return this;
+         };
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   reveal('button.add-area',
-                       helpString('intro.buildings.add_tank')
-                   );
+         return dataHeader;
+       }
 
-                   context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                       if (mode.id !== 'add-area') return;
-                       continueTo(startTank);
-                   });
-               }, msec + 100);
+       // It is keyed on the `value` of the entry. Data should be an array of objects like:
+       //   [{
+       //       value:   'string value',  // required
+       //       display: 'label html'     // optional
+       //       title:   'hover text'     // optional
+       //       terms:   ['search terms'] // optional
+       //   }, ...]
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+       var _comboHideTimerID;
 
+       function uiCombobox(context, klass) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('accept', 'cancel');
+         var container = context.container();
+         var _suggestions = [];
+         var _data = [];
+         var _fetched = {};
+         var _selected = null;
+         var _canAutocomplete = true;
+         var _caseSensitive = false;
+         var _cancelFetch = false;
+         var _minItems = 2;
+         var _tDown = 0;
+
+         var _mouseEnterHandler, _mouseLeaveHandler;
+
+         var _fetcher = function _fetcher(val, cb) {
+           cb(_data.filter(function (d) {
+             var terms = d.terms || [];
+             terms.push(d.value);
+             return terms.some(function (term) {
+               return term.toString().toLowerCase().indexOf(val.toLowerCase()) !== -1;
+             });
+           }));
+         };
 
-           function startTank() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'add-area') {
-                   return continueTo(addTank);
-               }
+         var combobox = function combobox(input, attachTo) {
+           if (!input || input.empty()) return;
+           input.classed('combobox-input', true).on('focus.combo-input', focus).on('blur.combo-input', blur).on('keydown.combo-input', keydown).on('keyup.combo-input', keyup).on('input.combo-input', change).on('mousedown.combo-input', mousedown).each(function () {
+             var parent = this.parentNode;
+             var sibling = this.nextSibling;
+             select(parent).selectAll('.combobox-caret').filter(function (d) {
+               return d === input.node();
+             }).data([input.node()]).enter().insert('div', function () {
+               return sibling;
+             }).attr('class', 'combobox-caret').on('mousedown.combo-caret', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault(); // don't steal focus from input
 
-               _tankID = null;
+               input.node().focus(); // focus the input as if it was clicked
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   var startString = helpString('intro.buildings.start_tank') +
-                       helpString('intro.buildings.tank_edge_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap'));
-                   revealTank(tank, startString);
+               mousedown(d3_event);
+             }).on('mouseup.combo-caret', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault(); // don't steal focus from input
 
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                       revealTank(tank, startString, { duration: 0 });
-                   });
+               mouseup(d3_event);
+             });
+           });
 
-                   context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                       if (mode.id !== 'draw-area') return chapter.restart();
-                       continueTo(continueTank);
-                   });
+           function mousedown(d3_event) {
+             if (d3_event.button !== 0) return; // left click only
 
-               }, 550);  // after easing
+             if (input.classed('disabled')) return;
+             _tDown = +new Date(); // clear selection
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
-           }
+             var start = input.property('selectionStart');
+             var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
 
+             if (start !== end) {
+               var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
+               input.node().setSelectionRange(val.length, val.length);
+               return;
+             }
 
-           function continueTank() {
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
-                   return continueTo(addTank);
-               }
+             input.on('mouseup.combo-input', mouseup);
+           }
 
-               _tankID = null;
+           function mouseup(d3_event) {
+             input.on('mouseup.combo-input', null);
+             if (d3_event.button !== 0) return; // left click only
 
-               var continueString = helpString('intro.buildings.continue_tank') + '{br}' +
-                   helpString('intro.areas.finish_area_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) +
-                   helpString('intro.buildings.finish_tank');
+             if (input.classed('disabled')) return;
+             if (input.node() !== document.activeElement) return; // exit if this input is not focused
 
-               revealTank(tank, continueString);
+             var start = input.property('selectionStart');
+             var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
+             if (start !== end) return; // exit if user is selecting
+             // not showing or showing for a different field - try to show it.
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                   revealTank(tank, continueString, { duration: 0 });
-               });
+             var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
-                       return;
-                   } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
-                       _tankID = context.selectedIDs()[0];
-                       return continueTo(searchPresetTank);
-                   } else {
-                       return continueTo(addTank);
-                   }
-               });
+             if (combo.empty() || combo.datum() !== input.node()) {
+               var tOrig = _tDown;
+               window.setTimeout(function () {
+                 if (tOrig !== _tDown) return; // exit if user double clicked
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+                 fetchComboData('', function () {
+                   show();
+                   render();
+                 });
+               }, 250);
+             } else {
+               hide();
+             }
            }
 
+           function focus() {
+             fetchComboData(''); // prefetch values (may warm taginfo cache)
+           }
 
-           function searchPresetTank() {
-               if (!_tankID || !context.hasEntity(_tankID)) {
-                   return addTank();
-               }
-               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _tankID) {
-                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_tankID]));
-               }
+           function blur() {
+             _comboHideTimerID = window.setTimeout(hide, 75);
+           }
 
-               // disallow scrolling
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+           function show() {
+             hide(); // remove any existing
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
+             container.insert('div', ':first-child').datum(input.node()).attr('class', 'combobox' + (klass ? ' combobox-' + klass : '')).style('position', 'absolute').style('display', 'block').style('left', '0px').on('mousedown.combo-container', function (d3_event) {
+               // prevent moving focus out of the input field
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+             });
+             container.on('scroll.combo-scroll', render, true);
+           }
 
-                   context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
-                       .on('keydown.intro', null)
-                       .on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+           function hide() {
+             if (_comboHideTimerID) {
+               window.clearTimeout(_comboHideTimerID);
+               _comboHideTimerID = undefined;
+             }
 
-                   reveal('.preset-search-input',
-                       helpString('intro.buildings.search_tank', { preset: tankPreset.name() })
-                   );
-               }, 400);  // after preset list pane visible..
+             container.selectAll('.combobox').remove();
+             container.on('scroll.combo-scroll', null);
+           }
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (!_tankID || !context.hasEntity(_tankID)) {
-                       return continueTo(addTank);
-                   }
+           function keydown(d3_event) {
+             var shown = !container.selectAll('.combobox').empty();
+             var tagName = input.node() ? input.node().tagName.toLowerCase() : '';
 
-                   var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-                   if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _tankID) {
-                       // keep the user's area selected..
-                       context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_tankID]));
+             switch (d3_event.keyCode) {
+               case 8: // ⌫ Backspace
 
-                       // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
-                       context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
-                       // disallow scrolling
-                       context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
+               case 46:
+                 // ⌦ Delete
+                 d3_event.stopPropagation();
+                 _selected = null;
+                 render();
+                 input.on('input.combo-input', function () {
+                   var start = input.property('selectionStart');
+                   input.node().setSelectionRange(start, start);
+                   input.on('input.combo-input', change);
+                 });
+                 break;
 
-                       context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
-                           .on('keydown.intro', null)
-                           .on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);
+               case 9:
+                 // ⇥ Tab
+                 accept();
+                 break;
 
-                       reveal('.preset-search-input',
-                           helpString('intro.buildings.search_tank', { preset: tankPreset.name() })
-                       );
+               case 13:
+                 // ↩ Return
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+                 d3_event.stopPropagation();
+                 break;
 
-                       context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   }
-               });
+               case 38:
+                 // ↑ Up arrow
+                 if (tagName === 'textarea' && !shown) return;
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-               function checkPresetSearch() {
-                   var first = context.container().select('.preset-list-item:first-child');
+                 if (tagName === 'input' && !shown) {
+                   show();
+                 }
 
-                   if (first.classed('preset-man_made-storage_tank')) {
-                       reveal(first.select('.preset-list-button').node(),
-                           helpString('intro.buildings.choose_tank', { preset: tankPreset.name() }),
-                           { duration: 300 }
-                       );
+                 nav(-1);
+                 break;
 
-                       context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
-                           .on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true)
-                           .on('keyup.intro', null);
+               case 40:
+                 // ↓ Down arrow
+                 if (tagName === 'textarea' && !shown) return;
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-                       context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                           continueTo(closeEditorTank);
-                       });
-                   }
-               }
+                 if (tagName === 'input' && !shown) {
+                   show();
+                 }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+                 nav(+1);
+                 break;
+             }
            }
 
+           function keyup(d3_event) {
+             switch (d3_event.keyCode) {
+               case 27:
+                 // ⎋ Escape
+                 cancel();
+                 break;
 
-           function closeEditorTank() {
-               if (!_tankID || !context.hasEntity(_tankID)) {
-                   return addTank();
-               }
-               var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-               if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _tankID) {
-                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_tankID]));
-               }
+               case 13:
+                 // ↩ Return
+                 accept();
+                 break;
+             }
+           } // Called whenever the input value is changed (e.g. on typing)
 
-               context.history().checkpoint('hasTank');
 
-               context.on('exit.intro', function() {
-                   continueTo(rightClickTank);
-               });
+           function change() {
+             fetchComboData(value(), function () {
+               _selected = null;
+               var val = input.property('value');
 
-               timeout(function() {
-                   reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
-                       helpString('intro.buildings.close', { button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'pre-text') })
-                   );
-               }, 500);
+               if (_suggestions.length) {
+                 if (input.property('selectionEnd') === val.length) {
+                   _selected = tryAutocomplete();
+                 }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('exit.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
+                 if (!_selected) {
+                   _selected = val;
+                 }
                }
-           }
 
+               if (val.length) {
+                 var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
 
-           function rightClickTank() {
-               if (!_tankID) return continueTo(addTank);
+                 if (combo.empty()) {
+                   show();
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 hide();
+               }
 
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               context.history().reset('hasTank');
-               context.map().centerEase(tank, 500);
-
-               timeout(function() {
-                   context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                       if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
-                       var ids = context.selectedIDs();
-                       if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== _tankID) return;
-
-                       timeout(function() {
-                           var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'circularize').node();
-                           if (!node) return;
-                           continueTo(clickCircle);
-                       }, 50);  // after menu visible
-                   });
+               render();
+             });
+           } // Called when the user presses up/down arrows to navigate the list
 
-                   var rightclickString = helpString('intro.buildings.' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick_tank' : 'edit_menu_tank_touch'));
 
-                   revealTank(tank, rightclickString);
+           function nav(dir) {
+             if (_suggestions.length) {
+               // try to determine previously selected index..
+               var index = -1;
 
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
-                       revealTank(tank, rightclickString, { duration: 0 });
-                   });
+               for (var i = 0; i < _suggestions.length; i++) {
+                 if (_selected && _suggestions[i].value === _selected) {
+                   index = i;
+                   break;
+                 }
+               } // pick new _selected
 
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                       continueTo(rightClickTank);
-                   });
 
-               }, 600);
+               index = Math.max(Math.min(index + dir, _suggestions.length - 1), 0);
+               _selected = _suggestions[index].value;
+               input.property('value', _selected);
+             }
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
-               }
+             render();
+             ensureVisible();
            }
 
+           function ensureVisible() {
+             var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
+             if (combo.empty()) return;
+             var containerRect = container.node().getBoundingClientRect();
+             var comboRect = combo.node().getBoundingClientRect();
 
-           function clickCircle() {
-               if (!_tankID) return chapter.restart();
-               var entity = context.hasEntity(_tankID);
-               if (!entity) return continueTo(rightClickTank);
-
-               var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'circularize').node();
-               if (!node) { return continueTo(rightClickTank); }
+             if (comboRect.bottom > containerRect.bottom) {
+               var node = attachTo ? attachTo.node() : input.node();
+               node.scrollIntoView({
+                 behavior: 'instant',
+                 block: 'center'
+               });
+               render();
+             } // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11039885/scrollintoview-causing-the-whole-page-to-move
 
-               var wasChanged = false;
 
-               reveal('.edit-menu',
-                   helpString('intro.buildings.circle_tank'),
-                   { padding: 50 }
-               );
+             var selected = combo.selectAll('.combobox-option.selected').node();
 
-               context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
-                   if (mode.id === 'browse') {
-                       continueTo(rightClickTank);
-                   } else if (mode.id === 'move' || mode.id === 'rotate') {
-                       continueTo(retryClickCircle);
-                   }
+             if (selected) {
+               selected.scrollIntoView({
+                 behavior: 'smooth',
+                 block: 'nearest'
                });
+             }
+           }
 
-               context.map().on('move.intro', function() {
-                   var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'circularize').node();
-                   if (!wasChanged && !node) { return continueTo(rightClickTank); }
+           function value() {
+             var value = input.property('value');
+             var start = input.property('selectionStart');
+             var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
 
-                   reveal('.edit-menu',
-                       helpString('intro.buildings.circle_tank'),
-                       { duration: 0, padding: 50 }
-                   );
-               });
+             if (start && end) {
+               value = value.substring(0, start);
+             }
 
-               context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
-                   wasChanged = true;
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
+             return value;
+           }
 
-                   // Something changed.  Wait for transition to complete and check undo annotation.
-                   timeout(function() {
-                       if (context.history().undoAnnotation() === _t('operations.circularize.annotation.single')) {
-                           continueTo(play);
-                       } else {
-                           continueTo(retryClickCircle);
-                       }
-                   }, 500);  // after transitioned actions
+           function fetchComboData(v, cb) {
+             _cancelFetch = false;
+
+             _fetcher.call(input, v, function (results) {
+               // already chose a value, don't overwrite or autocomplete it
+               if (_cancelFetch) return;
+               _suggestions = results;
+               results.forEach(function (d) {
+                 _fetched[d.value] = d;
                });
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   context.on('enter.intro', null);
-                   context.map().on('move.intro', null);
-                   context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-                   nextStep();
+               if (cb) {
+                 cb();
                }
+             });
            }
 
+           function tryAutocomplete() {
+             if (!_canAutocomplete) return;
+             var val = _caseSensitive ? value() : value().toLowerCase();
+             if (!val) return; // Don't autocomplete if user is typing a number - #4935
 
-           function retryClickCircle() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             if (!isNaN(parseFloat(val)) && isFinite(val)) return;
+             var bestIndex = -1;
 
-               revealTank(tank, helpString('intro.buildings.retry_circle'), {
-                   buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
-                   buttonCallback: function() { continueTo(rightClickTank); }
-               });
+             for (var i = 0; i < _suggestions.length; i++) {
+               var suggestion = _suggestions[i].value;
+               var compare = _caseSensitive ? suggestion : suggestion.toLowerCase(); // if search string matches suggestion exactly, pick it..
 
-               function continueTo(nextStep) {
-                   nextStep();
+               if (compare === val) {
+                 bestIndex = i;
+                 break; // otherwise lock in the first result that starts with the search string..
+               } else if (bestIndex === -1 && compare.indexOf(val) === 0) {
+                 bestIndex = i;
                }
+             }
+
+             if (bestIndex !== -1) {
+               var bestVal = _suggestions[bestIndex].value;
+               input.property('value', bestVal);
+               input.node().setSelectionRange(val.length, bestVal.length);
+               return bestVal;
+             }
            }
 
+           function render() {
+             if (_suggestions.length < _minItems || document.activeElement !== input.node()) {
+               hide();
+               return;
+             }
+
+             var shown = !container.selectAll('.combobox').empty();
+             if (!shown) return;
+             var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
+             var options = combo.selectAll('.combobox-option').data(_suggestions, function (d) {
+               return d.value;
+             });
+             options.exit().remove(); // enter/update
+
+             options.enter().append('a').attr('class', function (d) {
+               return 'combobox-option ' + (d.klass || '');
+             }).attr('title', function (d) {
+               return d.title;
+             }).html(function (d) {
+               return d.display || d.value;
+             }).on('mouseenter', _mouseEnterHandler).on('mouseleave', _mouseLeaveHandler).merge(options).classed('selected', function (d) {
+               return d.value === _selected;
+             }).on('click.combo-option', accept).order();
+             var node = attachTo ? attachTo.node() : input.node();
+             var containerRect = container.node().getBoundingClientRect();
+             var rect = node.getBoundingClientRect();
+             combo.style('left', rect.left + 5 - containerRect.left + 'px').style('width', rect.width - 10 + 'px').style('top', rect.height + rect.top - containerRect.top + 'px');
+           } // Dispatches an 'accept' event
+           // Then hides the combobox.
+
+
+           function accept(d3_event, d) {
+             _cancelFetch = true;
+             var thiz = input.node();
+
+             if (d) {
+               // user clicked on a suggestion
+               utilGetSetValue(input, d.value); // replace field contents
+
+               utilTriggerEvent(input, 'change');
+             } // clear (and keep) selection
+
+
+             var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
+             thiz.setSelectionRange(val.length, val.length);
+             d = _fetched[val];
+             dispatch.call('accept', thiz, d, val);
+             hide();
+           } // Dispatches an 'cancel' event
+           // Then hides the combobox.
 
-           function play() {
-               dispatch$1.call('done');
-               reveal('.ideditor',
-                   helpString('intro.buildings.play', { next: _t('intro.startediting.title') }), {
-                       tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-startEditing',
-                       buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
-                       buttonCallback: function() { reveal('.ideditor'); }
-                   }
-               );
+
+           function cancel() {
+             _cancelFetch = true;
+             var thiz = input.node(); // clear (and remove) selection, and replace field contents
+
+             var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
+             var start = input.property('selectionStart');
+             var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
+             val = val.slice(0, start) + val.slice(end);
+             utilGetSetValue(input, val);
+             thiz.setSelectionRange(val.length, val.length);
+             dispatch.call('cancel', thiz);
+             hide();
            }
+         };
 
+         combobox.canAutocomplete = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _canAutocomplete;
+           _canAutocomplete = val;
+           return combobox;
+         };
 
-           chapter.enter = function() {
-               addHouse();
-           };
+         combobox.caseSensitive = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _caseSensitive;
+           _caseSensitive = val;
+           return combobox;
+         };
 
+         combobox.data = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _data;
+           _data = val;
+           return combobox;
+         };
 
-           chapter.exit = function() {
-               timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
-               context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
-               context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
-               context.history().on('change.intro', null);
-               context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
-               context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
-               context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', null);
-           };
+         combobox.fetcher = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _fetcher;
+           _fetcher = val;
+           return combobox;
+         };
 
+         combobox.minItems = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _minItems;
+           _minItems = val;
+           return combobox;
+         };
 
-           chapter.restart = function() {
-               chapter.exit();
-               chapter.enter();
-           };
+         combobox.itemsMouseEnter = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _mouseEnterHandler;
+           _mouseEnterHandler = val;
+           return combobox;
+         };
 
+         combobox.itemsMouseLeave = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _mouseLeaveHandler;
+           _mouseLeaveHandler = val;
+           return combobox;
+         };
 
-           return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return utilRebind(combobox, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       function uiIntroStartEditing(context, reveal) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done', 'startEditing');
-           var modalSelection = select(null);
+       uiCombobox.off = function (input, context) {
+         input.on('focus.combo-input', null).on('blur.combo-input', null).on('keydown.combo-input', null).on('keyup.combo-input', null).on('input.combo-input', null).on('mousedown.combo-input', null).on('mouseup.combo-input', null);
+         context.container().on('scroll.combo-scroll', null);
+       };
 
+       function uiDisclosure(context, key, expandedDefault) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('toggled');
 
-           var chapter = {
-               title: 'intro.startediting.title'
-           };
+         var _expanded;
 
-           function showHelp() {
-               reveal('.map-control.help-control',
-                   helpString('intro.startediting.help'), {
-                       buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
-                       buttonCallback: function() { shortcuts(); }
-                   }
-               );
-           }
+         var _label = utilFunctor('');
 
-           function shortcuts() {
-               reveal('.map-control.help-control',
-                   helpString('intro.startediting.shortcuts'), {
-                       buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
-                       buttonCallback: function() { showSave(); }
-                   }
-               );
-           }
+         var _updatePreference = true;
 
-           function showSave() {
-               context.container().selectAll('.shaded').remove();  // in case user opened keyboard shortcuts
-               reveal('.top-toolbar button.save',
-                   helpString('intro.startediting.save'), {
-                       buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
-                       buttonCallback: function() { showStart(); }
-                   }
-               );
+         var _content = function _content() {};
+
+         var disclosure = function disclosure(selection) {
+           if (_expanded === undefined || _expanded === null) {
+             // loading _expanded here allows it to be reset by calling `disclosure.expanded(null)`
+             var preference = corePreferences('disclosure.' + key + '.expanded');
+             _expanded = preference === null ? !!expandedDefault : preference === 'true';
            }
 
-           function showStart() {
-               context.container().selectAll('.shaded').remove();  // in case user opened keyboard shortcuts
+           var hideToggle = selection.selectAll('.hide-toggle-' + key).data([0]); // enter
 
-               modalSelection = uiModal(context.container());
+           var hideToggleEnter = hideToggle.enter().append('h3').append('a').attr('role', 'button').attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'hide-toggle hide-toggle-' + key).call(svgIcon('', 'pre-text', 'hide-toggle-icon'));
+           hideToggleEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'hide-toggle-text'); // update
 
-               modalSelection.select('.modal')
-                   .attr('class', 'modal-splash modal');
+           hideToggle = hideToggleEnter.merge(hideToggle);
+           hideToggle.on('click', toggle).attr('title', _t("icons.".concat(_expanded ? 'collapse' : 'expand'))).attr('aria-expanded', _expanded).classed('expanded', _expanded);
+           hideToggle.selectAll('.hide-toggle-text').html(_label());
+           hideToggle.selectAll('.hide-toggle-icon').attr('xlink:href', _expanded ? '#iD-icon-down' : _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward');
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.disclosure-wrap').data([0]); // enter/update
 
-               modalSelection.selectAll('.close').remove();
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'disclosure-wrap disclosure-wrap-' + key).merge(wrap).classed('hide', !_expanded);
 
-               var startbutton = modalSelection.select('.content')
-                   .attr('class', 'fillL')
-                   .append('button')
-                       .attr('class', 'modal-section huge-modal-button')
-                       .on('click', function() {
-                           modalSelection.remove();
-                       });
+           if (_expanded) {
+             wrap.call(_content);
+           }
 
-                   startbutton
-                       .append('svg')
-                       .attr('class', 'illustration')
-                       .append('use')
-                       .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');
+           function toggle(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             _expanded = !_expanded;
 
-                   startbutton
-                       .append('h2')
-                       .text(_t('intro.startediting.start'));
+             if (_updatePreference) {
+               corePreferences('disclosure.' + key + '.expanded', _expanded);
+             }
 
-               dispatch$1.call('startEditing');
-           }
+             hideToggle.classed('expanded', _expanded).attr('aria-expanded', _expanded).attr('title', _t("icons.".concat(_expanded ? 'collapse' : 'expand')));
+             hideToggle.selectAll('.hide-toggle-icon').attr('xlink:href', _expanded ? '#iD-icon-down' : _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward');
+             wrap.call(uiToggle(_expanded));
 
+             if (_expanded) {
+               wrap.call(_content);
+             }
 
-           chapter.enter = function() {
-               showHelp();
-           };
+             dispatch.call('toggled', this, _expanded);
+           }
+         };
 
+         disclosure.label = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _label;
+           _label = utilFunctor(val);
+           return disclosure;
+         };
 
-           chapter.exit = function() {
-               modalSelection.remove();
-               context.container().selectAll('.shaded').remove();  // in case user opened keyboard shortcuts
-           };
+         disclosure.expanded = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _expanded;
+           _expanded = val;
+           return disclosure;
+         };
 
+         disclosure.updatePreference = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _updatePreference;
+           _updatePreference = val;
+           return disclosure;
+         };
 
-           return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+         disclosure.content = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _content;
+           _content = val;
+           return disclosure;
+         };
 
-       const chapterUi = {
-         welcome: uiIntroWelcome,
-         navigation: uiIntroNavigation,
-         point: uiIntroPoint,
-         area: uiIntroArea,
-         line: uiIntroLine,
-         building: uiIntroBuilding,
-         startEditing: uiIntroStartEditing
-       };
+         return utilRebind(disclosure, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-       const chapterFlow = [
-         'welcome',
-         'navigation',
-         'point',
-         'area',
-         'line',
-         'building',
-         'startEditing'
-       ];
+       // Can be labeled and collapsible.
 
+       function uiSection(id, context) {
+         var _classes = utilFunctor('');
 
-       function uiIntro(context) {
-         const INTRO_IMAGERY = 'EsriWorldImageryClarity';
-         let _introGraph = {};
-         let _currChapter;
+         var _shouldDisplay;
 
+         var _content;
 
-         function intro(selection) {
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('intro_graph')
-             .then(dataIntroGraph => {
-               // create entities for intro graph and localize names
-               for (let id in dataIntroGraph) {
-                 if (!_introGraph[id]) {
-                   _introGraph[id] = osmEntity(localize(dataIntroGraph[id]));
-                 }
-               }
-               selection.call(startIntro);
-             })
-             .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });
-         }
+         var _disclosure;
 
+         var _label;
 
-         function startIntro(selection) {
-           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         var _expandedByDefault = utilFunctor(true);
 
-           // Save current map state
-           let osm = context.connection();
-           let history = context.history().toJSON();
-           let hash = window.location.hash;
-           let center = context.map().center();
-           let zoom = context.map().zoom();
-           let background = context.background().baseLayerSource();
-           let overlays = context.background().overlayLayerSources();
-           let opacity = context.container().selectAll('.main-map .layer-background').style('opacity');
-           let caches = osm && osm.caches();
-           let baseEntities = context.history().graph().base().entities;
-
-           // Show sidebar and disable the sidebar resizing button
-           // (this needs to be before `context.inIntro(true)`)
-           context.ui().sidebar.expand();
-           context.container().selectAll('button.sidebar-toggle').classed('disabled', true);
+         var _disclosureContent;
 
-           // Block saving
-           context.inIntro(true);
+         var _disclosureExpanded;
 
-           // Load semi-real data used in intro
-           if (osm) { osm.toggle(false).reset(); }
-           context.history().reset();
-           context.history().merge(Object.values(coreGraph().load(_introGraph).entities));
-           context.history().checkpoint('initial');
+         var _containerSelection = select(null);
 
-           // Setup imagery
-           let imagery = context.background().findSource(INTRO_IMAGERY);
-           if (imagery) {
-             context.background().baseLayerSource(imagery);
-           } else {
-             context.background().bing();
-           }
-           overlays.forEach(d => context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(d));
+         var section = {
+           id: id
+         };
 
-           // Setup data layers (only OSM)
-           let layers = context.layers();
-           layers.all().forEach(item => {
-             // if the layer has the function `enabled`
-             if (typeof item.layer.enabled === 'function') {
-               item.layer.enabled(item.id === 'osm');
-             }
-           });
+         section.classes = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _classes;
+           _classes = utilFunctor(val);
+           return section;
+         };
 
+         section.label = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _label;
+           _label = utilFunctor(val);
+           return section;
+         };
 
-           context.container().selectAll('.main-map .layer-background').style('opacity', 1);
+         section.expandedByDefault = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _expandedByDefault;
+           _expandedByDefault = utilFunctor(val);
+           return section;
+         };
 
-           let curtain = uiCurtain(context.container().node());
-           selection.call(curtain);
+         section.shouldDisplay = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _shouldDisplay;
+           _shouldDisplay = utilFunctor(val);
+           return section;
+         };
 
-           // Store that the user started the walkthrough..
-           corePreferences('walkthrough_started', 'yes');
+         section.content = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _content;
+           _content = val;
+           return section;
+         };
 
-           // Restore previous walkthrough progress..
-           let storedProgress = corePreferences('walkthrough_progress') || '';
-           let progress = storedProgress.split(';').filter(Boolean);
+         section.disclosureContent = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _disclosureContent;
+           _disclosureContent = val;
+           return section;
+         };
 
-           let chapters = chapterFlow.map((chapter, i) => {
-             let s = chapterUi[chapter](context, curtain.reveal)
-               .on('done', () => {
+         section.disclosureExpanded = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _disclosureExpanded;
+           _disclosureExpanded = val;
+           return section;
+         }; // may be called multiple times
 
-                 buttons
-                   .filter(d => d.title === s.title)
-                   .classed('finished', true);
 
-                 if (i < chapterFlow.length - 1) {
-                   const next = chapterFlow[i + 1];
-                   context.container().select(`button.chapter-${next}`)
-                     .classed('next', true);
-                 }
+         section.render = function (selection) {
+           _containerSelection = selection.selectAll('.section-' + id).data([0]);
 
-                 // Store walkthrough progress..
-                 progress.push(chapter);
-                 corePreferences('walkthrough_progress', utilArrayUniq(progress).join(';'));
-               });
-             return s;
-           });
+           var sectionEnter = _containerSelection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'section section-' + id + ' ' + (_classes && _classes() || ''));
 
-           chapters[chapters.length - 1].on('startEditing', () => {
-             // Store walkthrough progress..
-             progress.push('startEditing');
-             corePreferences('walkthrough_progress', utilArrayUniq(progress).join(';'));
+           _containerSelection = sectionEnter.merge(_containerSelection);
 
-             // Store if walkthrough is completed..
-             let incomplete = utilArrayDifference(chapterFlow, progress);
-             if (!incomplete.length) {
-               corePreferences('walkthrough_completed', 'yes');
-             }
+           _containerSelection.call(renderContent);
+         };
 
-             curtain.remove();
-             navwrap.remove();
-             context.container().selectAll('.main-map .layer-background').style('opacity', opacity);
-             context.container().selectAll('button.sidebar-toggle').classed('disabled', false);
-             if (osm) { osm.toggle(true).reset().caches(caches); }
-             context.history().reset().merge(Object.values(baseEntities));
-             context.background().baseLayerSource(background);
-             overlays.forEach(d => context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(d));
-             if (history) { context.history().fromJSON(history, false); }
-             context.map().centerZoom(center, zoom);
-             window.location.replace(hash);
-             context.inIntro(false);
-           });
+         section.reRender = function () {
+           _containerSelection.call(renderContent);
+         };
 
-           let navwrap = selection
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'intro-nav-wrap fillD');
+         section.selection = function () {
+           return _containerSelection;
+         };
 
-           navwrap
-             .append('svg')
-             .attr('class', 'intro-nav-wrap-logo')
-             .append('use')
-             .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');
+         section.disclosure = function () {
+           return _disclosure;
+         }; // may be called multiple times
 
-           let buttonwrap = navwrap
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'joined')
-             .selectAll('button.chapter');
 
-           let buttons = buttonwrap
-             .data(chapters)
-             .enter()
-             .append('button')
-             .attr('class', (d, i) => `chapter chapter-${chapterFlow[i]}`)
-             .on('click', enterChapter);
+         function renderContent(selection) {
+           if (_shouldDisplay) {
+             var shouldDisplay = _shouldDisplay();
 
-           buttons
-             .append('span')
-             .text(d => _t(d.title));
+             selection.classed('hide', !shouldDisplay);
 
-           buttons
-             .append('span')
-             .attr('class', 'status')
-             .call(svgIcon((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward'), 'inline'));
+             if (!shouldDisplay) {
+               selection.html('');
+               return;
+             }
+           }
 
-           enterChapter(chapters[0]);
+           if (_disclosureContent) {
+             if (!_disclosure) {
+               _disclosure = uiDisclosure(context, id.replace(/-/g, '_'), _expandedByDefault()).label(_label || '')
+               /*.on('toggled', function(expanded) {
+                   if (expanded) { selection.node().parentNode.scrollTop += 200; }
+               })*/
+               .content(_disclosureContent);
+             }
 
+             if (_disclosureExpanded !== undefined) {
+               _disclosure.expanded(_disclosureExpanded);
 
-           function enterChapter(newChapter) {
-             if (_currChapter) { _currChapter.exit(); }
-             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+               _disclosureExpanded = undefined;
+             }
 
-             _currChapter = newChapter;
-             _currChapter.enter();
+             selection.call(_disclosure);
+             return;
+           }
 
-             buttons
-               .classed('next', false)
-               .classed('active', d => d.title === _currChapter.title);
+           if (_content) {
+             selection.call(_content);
            }
          }
 
-
-         return intro;
+         return section;
        }
 
-       function uiIssuesInfo(context) {
-
-           var warningsItem = {
-               id: 'warnings',
-               count: 0,
-               iconID: 'iD-icon-alert',
-               descriptionID: 'issues.warnings_and_errors'
-           };
-
-           var resolvedItem = {
-               id: 'resolved',
-               count: 0,
-               iconID: 'iD-icon-apply',
-               descriptionID: 'issues.user_resolved_issues'
-           };
-
-           function update(selection) {
-
-               var shownItems = [];
-
-               var liveIssues = context.validator().getIssues({
-                   what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
-                   where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'
-               });
-               if (liveIssues.length) {
-                   warningsItem.count = liveIssues.length;
-                   shownItems.push(warningsItem);
-               }
-
-               if (corePreferences('validate-what') === 'all') {
-                   var resolvedIssues = context.validator().getResolvedIssues();
-                   if (resolvedIssues.length) {
-                       resolvedItem.count = resolvedIssues.length;
-                       shownItems.push(resolvedItem);
-                   }
-               }
+       // {
+       //   key: 'string',     // required
+       //   value: 'string'    // optional
+       // }
+       //   -or-
+       // {
+       //   qid: 'string'      // brand wikidata  (e.g. 'Q37158')
+       // }
+       //
 
-               var chips = selection.selectAll('.chip')
-                   .data(shownItems, function(d) {
-                       return d.id;
-                   });
+       function uiTagReference(what) {
+         var wikibase = what.qid ? services.wikidata : services.osmWikibase;
+         var tagReference = {};
 
-               chips.exit().remove();
+         var _button = select(null);
 
-               var enter = chips.enter()
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) {
-                       return 'chip ' + d.id + '-count';
-                   })
-                   .attr('href', '#')
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .each(function(d) {
+         var _body = select(null);
 
-                       var chipSelection = select(this);
+         var _loaded;
 
-                       var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip()
-                           .placement('top')
-                           .title(_t(d.descriptionID));
+         var _showing;
 
-                       chipSelection
-                           .call(tooltipBehavior)
-                           .on('click', function() {
-                               event.preventDefault();
+         function load() {
+           if (!wikibase) return;
 
-                               tooltipBehavior.hide(select(this));
-                               // open the Issues pane
-                               context.ui().togglePanes(context.container().select('.map-panes .issues-pane'));
-                           });
+           _button.classed('tag-reference-loading', true);
 
-                       chipSelection.call(svgIcon('#' + d.iconID));
+           wikibase.getDocs(what, gotDocs);
+         }
 
-                   });
+         function gotDocs(err, docs) {
+           _body.html('');
 
-               enter.append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'count');
+           if (!docs || !docs.title) {
+             _body.append('p').attr('class', 'tag-reference-description').call(_t.append('inspector.no_documentation_key'));
 
-               enter.merge(chips)
-                   .selectAll('span.count')
-                   .text(function(d) {
-                       return d.count.toString();
-                   });
+             done();
+             return;
            }
 
+           if (docs.imageURL) {
+             _body.append('img').attr('class', 'tag-reference-wiki-image').attr('alt', docs.description).attr('src', docs.imageURL).on('load', function () {
+               done();
+             }).on('error', function () {
+               select(this).remove();
+               done();
+             });
+           } else {
+             done();
+           }
 
-           return function(selection) {
-               update(selection);
-
-               context.validator().on('validated.infobox', function() {
-                   update(selection);
-               });
-           };
-       }
-
-       // import { utilGetDimensions } from '../util/dimensions';
+           var tagReferenceDescription = _body.append('p').attr('class', 'tag-reference-description').append('span');
 
+           if (docs.description) {
+             tagReferenceDescription = tagReferenceDescription.attr('class', 'localized-text').attr('lang', docs.descriptionLocaleCode || 'und').text(docs.description);
+           } else {
+             tagReferenceDescription = tagReferenceDescription.call(_t.append('inspector.no_documentation_key'));
+           }
 
-       function uiMapInMap(context) {
+           tagReferenceDescription.append('a').attr('class', 'tag-reference-edit').attr('target', '_blank').attr('title', _t('inspector.edit_reference')).attr('href', docs.editURL).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-edit', 'inline'));
 
-           function mapInMap(selection) {
-               var backgroundLayer = rendererTileLayer(context);
-               var overlayLayers = {};
-               var projection = geoRawMercator();
-               var dataLayer = svgData(projection, context).showLabels(false);
-               var debugLayer = svgDebug(projection, context);
-               var zoom = d3_zoom()
-                   .scaleExtent([geoZoomToScale(0.5), geoZoomToScale(24)])
-                   .on('start', zoomStarted)
-                   .on('zoom', zoomed)
-                   .on('end', zoomEnded);
-
-               var wrap = select(null);
-               var tiles = select(null);
-               var viewport = select(null);
-
-               var _isTransformed = false;
-               var _isHidden = true;
-               var _skipEvents = false;
-               var _gesture = null;
-               var _zDiff = 6;    // by default, minimap renders at (main zoom - 6)
-               var _dMini;        // dimensions of minimap
-               var _cMini;        // center pixel of minimap
-               var _tStart;       // transform at start of gesture
-               var _tCurr;        // transform at most recent event
-               var _timeoutID;
-
-
-               function zoomStarted() {
-                   if (_skipEvents) return;
-                   _tStart = _tCurr = projection.transform();
-                   _gesture = null;
-               }
-
-
-               function zoomed() {
-                   if (_skipEvents) return;
-
-                   var x = event.transform.x;
-                   var y = event.transform.y;
-                   var k = event.transform.k;
-                   var isZooming = (k !== _tStart.k);
-                   var isPanning = (x !== _tStart.x || y !== _tStart.y);
-
-                   if (!isZooming && !isPanning) {
-                       return;  // no change
-                   }
+           if (docs.wiki) {
+             _body.append('a').attr('class', 'tag-reference-link').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', docs.wiki.url).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).append('span').call(_t.append(docs.wiki.text));
+           } // Add link to info about "good changeset comments" - #2923
 
-                   // lock in either zooming or panning, don't allow both in minimap.
-                   if (!_gesture) {
-                       _gesture = isZooming ? 'zoom' : 'pan';
-                   }
 
-                   var tMini = projection.transform();
-                   var tX, tY, scale;
+           if (what.key === 'comment') {
+             _body.append('a').attr('class', 'tag-reference-comment-link').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).attr('href', _t('commit.about_changeset_comments_link')).append('span').call(_t.append('commit.about_changeset_comments'));
+           }
+         }
 
-                   if (_gesture === 'zoom') {
-                       scale = k / tMini.k;
-                       tX = (_cMini[0] / scale - _cMini[0]) * scale;
-                       tY = (_cMini[1] / scale - _cMini[1]) * scale;
-                   } else {
-                       k = tMini.k;
-                       scale = 1;
-                       tX = x - tMini.x;
-                       tY = y - tMini.y;
-                   }
+         function done() {
+           _loaded = true;
 
-                   utilSetTransform(tiles, tX, tY, scale);
-                   utilSetTransform(viewport, 0, 0, scale);
-                   _isTransformed = true;
-                   _tCurr = identity$2.translate(x, y).scale(k);
+           _button.classed('tag-reference-loading', false);
 
-                   var zMain = geoScaleToZoom(context.projection.scale());
-                   var zMini = geoScaleToZoom(k);
+           _body.classed('expanded', true).transition().duration(200).style('max-height', '200px').style('opacity', '1');
 
-                   _zDiff = zMain - zMini;
+           _showing = true;
 
-                   queueRedraw();
-               }
+           _button.selectAll('svg.icon use').each(function () {
+             var iconUse = select(this);
 
+             if (iconUse.attr('href') === '#iD-icon-info') {
+               iconUse.attr('href', '#iD-icon-info-filled');
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-               function zoomEnded() {
-                   if (_skipEvents) return;
-                   if (_gesture !== 'pan') return;
+         function hide() {
+           _body.transition().duration(200).style('max-height', '0px').style('opacity', '0').on('end', function () {
+             _body.classed('expanded', false);
+           });
 
-                   updateProjection();
-                   _gesture = null;
-                   context.map().center(projection.invert(_cMini));   // recenter main map..
-               }
+           _showing = false;
 
+           _button.selectAll('svg.icon use').each(function () {
+             var iconUse = select(this);
 
-               function updateProjection() {
-                   var loc = context.map().center();
-                   var tMain = context.projection.transform();
-                   var zMain = geoScaleToZoom(tMain.k);
-                   var zMini = Math.max(zMain - _zDiff, 0.5);
-                   var kMini = geoZoomToScale(zMini);
+             if (iconUse.attr('href') === '#iD-icon-info-filled') {
+               iconUse.attr('href', '#iD-icon-info');
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-                   projection
-                       .translate([tMain.x, tMain.y])
-                       .scale(kMini);
+         tagReference.button = function (selection, klass, iconName) {
+           _button = selection.selectAll('.tag-reference-button').data([0]);
+           _button = _button.enter().append('button').attr('class', 'tag-reference-button ' + (klass || '')).attr('title', _t('icons.information')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + (iconName || 'inspect'))).merge(_button);
 
-                   var point = projection(loc);
-                   var mouse = (_gesture === 'pan') ? geoVecSubtract([_tCurr.x, _tCurr.y], [_tStart.x, _tStart.y]) : [0, 0];
-                   var xMini = _cMini[0] - point[0] + tMain.x + mouse[0];
-                   var yMini = _cMini[1] - point[1] + tMain.y + mouse[1];
+           _button.on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-                   projection
-                       .translate([xMini, yMini])
-                       .clipExtent([[0, 0], _dMini]);
+             if (_showing) {
+               hide();
+             } else if (_loaded) {
+               done();
+             } else {
+               load();
+             }
+           });
+         };
 
-                   _tCurr = projection.transform();
+         tagReference.body = function (selection) {
+           var itemID = what.qid || what.key + '-' + (what.value || '');
+           _body = selection.selectAll('.tag-reference-body').data([itemID], function (d) {
+             return d;
+           });
 
-                   if (_isTransformed) {
-                       utilSetTransform(tiles, 0, 0);
-                       utilSetTransform(viewport, 0, 0);
-                       _isTransformed = false;
-                   }
+           _body.exit().remove();
 
-                   zoom
-                       .scaleExtent([geoZoomToScale(0.5), geoZoomToScale(zMain - 3)]);
+           _body = _body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'tag-reference-body').style('max-height', '0').style('opacity', '0').merge(_body);
 
-                   _skipEvents = true;
-                   wrap.call(zoom.transform, _tCurr);
-                   _skipEvents = false;
-               }
+           if (_showing === false) {
+             hide();
+           }
+         };
 
+         tagReference.showing = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _showing;
+           _showing = val;
+           return tagReference;
+         };
 
-               function redraw() {
-                   clearTimeout(_timeoutID);
-                   if (_isHidden) return;
+         return tagReference;
+       }
 
-                   updateProjection();
-                   var zMini = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+       // It borrows some code from uiHelp
 
-                   // setup tile container
-                   tiles = wrap
-                       .selectAll('.map-in-map-tiles')
-                       .data([0]);
+       function uiFieldHelp(context, fieldName) {
+         var fieldHelp = {};
 
-                   tiles = tiles.enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'map-in-map-tiles')
-                       .merge(tiles);
+         var _inspector = select(null);
 
-                   // redraw background
-                   backgroundLayer
-                       .source(context.background().baseLayerSource())
-                       .projection(projection)
-                       .dimensions(_dMini);
+         var _wrap = select(null);
 
-                   var background = tiles
-                       .selectAll('.map-in-map-background')
-                       .data([0]);
+         var _body = select(null);
 
-                   background.enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'map-in-map-background')
-                       .merge(background)
-                       .call(backgroundLayer);
+         var fieldHelpKeys = {
+           restrictions: [['about', ['about', 'from_via_to', 'maxdist', 'maxvia']], ['inspecting', ['about', 'from_shadow', 'allow_shadow', 'restrict_shadow', 'only_shadow', 'restricted', 'only']], ['modifying', ['about', 'indicators', 'allow_turn', 'restrict_turn', 'only_turn']], ['tips', ['simple', 'simple_example', 'indirect', 'indirect_example', 'indirect_noedit']]]
+         };
+         var fieldHelpHeadings = {};
+         var replacements = {
+           distField: {
+             html: _t.html('restriction.controls.distance')
+           },
+           viaField: {
+             html: _t.html('restriction.controls.via')
+           },
+           fromShadow: {
+             html: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'inline shadow from')
+           },
+           allowShadow: {
+             html: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'inline shadow allow')
+           },
+           restrictShadow: {
+             html: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'inline shadow restrict')
+           },
+           onlyShadow: {
+             html: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'inline shadow only')
+           },
+           allowTurn: {
+             html: icon('#iD-turn-yes', 'inline turn')
+           },
+           restrictTurn: {
+             html: icon('#iD-turn-no', 'inline turn')
+           },
+           onlyTurn: {
+             html: icon('#iD-turn-only', 'inline turn')
+           }
+         }; // For each section, squash all the texts into a single markdown document
 
+         var docs = fieldHelpKeys[fieldName].map(function (key) {
+           var helpkey = 'help.field.' + fieldName + '.' + key[0];
+           var text = key[1].reduce(function (all, part) {
+             var subkey = helpkey + '.' + part;
+             var depth = fieldHelpHeadings[subkey]; // is this subkey a heading?
 
-                   // redraw overlay
-                   var overlaySources = context.background().overlayLayerSources();
-                   var activeOverlayLayers = [];
-                   for (var i = 0; i < overlaySources.length; i++) {
-                       if (overlaySources[i].validZoom(zMini)) {
-                           if (!overlayLayers[i]) overlayLayers[i] = rendererTileLayer(context);
-                           activeOverlayLayers.push(overlayLayers[i]
-                               .source(overlaySources[i])
-                               .projection(projection)
-                               .dimensions(_dMini));
-                       }
-                   }
+             var hhh = depth ? Array(depth + 1).join('#') + ' ' : ''; // if so, prepend with some ##'s
 
-                   var overlay = tiles
-                       .selectAll('.map-in-map-overlay')
-                       .data([0]);
+             return all + hhh + _t.html(subkey, replacements) + '\n\n';
+           }, '');
+           return {
+             key: helpkey,
+             title: _t.html(helpkey + '.title'),
+             html: marked_1(text.trim())
+           };
+         });
 
-                   overlay = overlay.enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'map-in-map-overlay')
-                       .merge(overlay);
+         function show() {
+           updatePosition();
 
+           _body.classed('hide', false).style('opacity', '0').transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '1');
+         }
 
-                   var overlays = overlay
-                       .selectAll('div')
-                       .data(activeOverlayLayers, function(d) { return d.source().name(); });
+         function hide() {
+           _body.classed('hide', true).transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '0').on('end', function () {
+             _body.classed('hide', true);
+           });
+         }
 
-                   overlays.exit()
-                       .remove();
+         function clickHelp(index) {
+           var d = docs[index];
+           var tkeys = fieldHelpKeys[fieldName][index][1];
 
-                   overlays = overlays.enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .merge(overlays)
-                       .each(function(layer) { select(this).call(layer); });
+           _body.selectAll('.field-help-nav-item').classed('active', function (d, i) {
+             return i === index;
+           });
 
+           var content = _body.selectAll('.field-help-content').html(d.html); // class the paragraphs so we can find and style them
 
-                   var dataLayers = tiles
-                       .selectAll('.map-in-map-data')
-                       .data([0]);
 
-                   dataLayers.exit()
-                       .remove();
+           content.selectAll('p').attr('class', function (d, i) {
+             return tkeys[i];
+           }); // insert special content for certain help sections
 
-                   dataLayers = dataLayers.enter()
-                       .append('svg')
-                       .attr('class', 'map-in-map-data')
-                       .merge(dataLayers)
-                       .call(dataLayer)
-                       .call(debugLayer);
+           if (d.key === 'help.field.restrictions.inspecting') {
+             content.insert('img', 'p.from_shadow').attr('class', 'field-help-image cf').attr('src', context.imagePath('tr_inspect.gif'));
+           } else if (d.key === 'help.field.restrictions.modifying') {
+             content.insert('img', 'p.allow_turn').attr('class', 'field-help-image cf').attr('src', context.imagePath('tr_modify.gif'));
+           }
+         }
 
+         fieldHelp.button = function (selection) {
+           if (_body.empty()) return;
+           var button = selection.selectAll('.field-help-button').data([0]); // enter/update
 
-                   // redraw viewport bounding box
-                   if (_gesture !== 'pan') {
-                       var getPath = d3_geoPath(projection);
-                       var bbox = { type: 'Polygon', coordinates: [context.map().extent().polygon()] };
+           button.enter().append('button').attr('class', 'field-help-button').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-help')).merge(button).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-                       viewport = wrap.selectAll('.map-in-map-viewport')
-                           .data([0]);
+             if (_body.classed('hide')) {
+               show();
+             } else {
+               hide();
+             }
+           });
+         };
 
-                       viewport = viewport.enter()
-                           .append('svg')
-                           .attr('class', 'map-in-map-viewport')
-                           .merge(viewport);
+         function updatePosition() {
+           var wrap = _wrap.node();
 
+           var inspector = _inspector.node();
 
-                       var path = viewport.selectAll('.map-in-map-bbox')
-                           .data([bbox]);
+           var wRect = wrap.getBoundingClientRect();
+           var iRect = inspector.getBoundingClientRect();
 
-                       path.enter()
-                           .append('path')
-                           .attr('class', 'map-in-map-bbox')
-                           .merge(path)
-                           .attr('d', getPath)
-                           .classed('thick', function(d) { return getPath.area(d) < 30; });
-                   }
-               }
+           _body.style('top', wRect.top + inspector.scrollTop - iRect.top + 'px');
+         }
 
+         fieldHelp.body = function (selection) {
+           // This control expects the field to have a form-field-input-wrap div
+           _wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap');
+           if (_wrap.empty()) return; // absolute position relative to the inspector, so it "floats" above the fields
 
-               function queueRedraw() {
-                   clearTimeout(_timeoutID);
-                   _timeoutID = setTimeout(function() { redraw(); }, 750);
-               }
+           _inspector = context.container().select('.sidebar .entity-editor-pane .inspector-body');
+           if (_inspector.empty()) return;
+           _body = _inspector.selectAll('.field-help-body').data([0]);
 
+           var enter = _body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'field-help-body hide'); // initially hidden
 
-               function toggle() {
-                   if (event) event.preventDefault();
 
-                   _isHidden = !_isHidden;
+           var titleEnter = enter.append('div').attr('class', 'field-help-title cf');
+           titleEnter.append('h2').attr('class', _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'fr' : 'fl').call(_t.append('help.field.' + fieldName + '.title'));
+           titleEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'fr close').attr('title', _t('icons.close')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             hide();
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           var navEnter = enter.append('div').attr('class', 'field-help-nav cf');
+           var titles = docs.map(function (d) {
+             return d.title;
+           });
+           navEnter.selectAll('.field-help-nav-item').data(titles).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'field-help-nav-item').html(function (d) {
+             return d;
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             clickHelp(titles.indexOf(d));
+           });
+           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'field-help-content');
+           _body = _body.merge(enter);
+           clickHelp(0);
+         };
 
-                   context.container().select('.minimap-toggle-item')
-                       .classed('active', !_isHidden)
-                       .select('input')
-                       .property('checked', !_isHidden);
+         return fieldHelp;
+       }
 
-                   if (_isHidden) {
-                       wrap
-                           .style('display', 'block')
-                           .style('opacity', '1')
-                           .transition()
-                           .duration(200)
-                           .style('opacity', '0')
-                           .on('end', function() {
-                               selection.selectAll('.map-in-map')
-                                   .style('display', 'none');
-                           });
-                   } else {
-                       wrap
-                           .style('display', 'block')
-                           .style('opacity', '0')
-                           .transition()
-                           .duration(200)
-                           .style('opacity', '1')
-                           .on('end', function() {
-                               redraw();
-                           });
-                   }
-               }
+       function uiFieldCheck(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var options = field.options;
+         var values = [];
+         var texts = [];
 
+         var _tags;
 
-               uiMapInMap.toggle = toggle;
+         var input = select(null);
+         var text = select(null);
+         var label = select(null);
+         var reverser = select(null);
 
-               wrap = selection.selectAll('.map-in-map')
-                   .data([0]);
+         var _impliedYes;
 
-               wrap = wrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'map-in-map')
-                   .style('display', (_isHidden ? 'none' : 'block'))
-                   .call(zoom)
-                   .on('dblclick.zoom', null)
-                   .merge(wrap);
-
-               // reflow warning: Hardcode dimensions - currently can't resize it anyway..
-               _dMini = [200,150]; //utilGetDimensions(wrap);
-               _cMini = geoVecScale(_dMini, 0.5);
-
-               context.map()
-                   .on('drawn.map-in-map', function(drawn) {
-                       if (drawn.full === true) {
-                           redraw();
-                       }
-                   });
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-               redraw();
+         var _value;
 
-               context.keybinding()
-                   .on(_t('background.minimap.key'), toggle);
+         if (options) {
+           for (var i in options) {
+             var v = options[i];
+             values.push(v === 'undefined' ? undefined : v);
+             texts.push(field.t.html('options.' + v, {
+               'default': v
+             }));
            }
+         } else {
+           values = [undefined, 'yes'];
+           texts = [_t.html('inspector.unknown'), _t.html('inspector.check.yes')];
 
-           return mapInMap;
-       }
-
-       function uiNotice(context) {
+           if (field.type !== 'defaultCheck') {
+             values.push('no');
+             texts.push(_t.html('inspector.check.no'));
+           }
+         } // Checks tags to see whether an undefined value is "Assumed to be Yes"
 
-           return function(selection) {
-               var div = selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'notice');
-
-               var button = div
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'zoom-to notice fillD')
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       context.map().zoomEase(context.minEditableZoom());
-                   })
-                   .on('wheel', function() {   // let wheel events pass through #4482
-                       var e2 = new WheelEvent(event.type, event);
-                       context.surface().node().dispatchEvent(e2);
-                   });
 
-               button
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus', 'pre-text'))
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'label')
-                   .text(_t('zoom_in_edit'));
+         function checkImpliedYes() {
+           _impliedYes = field.id === 'oneway_yes'; // hack: pretend `oneway` field is a `oneway_yes` field
+           // where implied oneway tag exists (e.g. `junction=roundabout`) #2220, #1841
 
+           if (field.id === 'oneway') {
+             var entity = context.entity(_entityIDs[0]);
 
-               function disableTooHigh() {
-                   var canEdit = context.map().zoom() >= context.minEditableZoom();
-                   div.style('display', canEdit ? 'none' : 'block');
+             for (var key in entity.tags) {
+               if (key in osmOneWayTags && entity.tags[key] in osmOneWayTags[key]) {
+                 _impliedYes = true;
+                 texts[0] = _t.html('_tagging.presets.fields.oneway_yes.options.undefined');
+                 break;
                }
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('move.notice', debounce(disableTooHigh, 500));
+         function reverserHidden() {
+           if (!context.container().select('div.inspector-hover').empty()) return true;
+           return !(_value === 'yes' || _impliedYes && !_value);
+         }
 
-               disableTooHigh();
-           };
-       }
+         function reverserSetText(selection) {
+           var entity = _entityIDs.length && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
+           if (reverserHidden() || !entity) return selection;
+           var first = entity.first();
+           var last = entity.isClosed() ? entity.nodes[entity.nodes.length - 2] : entity.last();
+           var pseudoDirection = first < last;
+           var icon = pseudoDirection ? '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-backward';
+           selection.selectAll('.reverser-span').html('').call(_t.append('inspector.check.reverser')).call(svgIcon(icon, 'inline'));
+           return selection;
+         }
 
-       function uiPhotoviewer(context) {
+         var check = function check(selection) {
+           checkImpliedYes();
+           label = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           var enter = label.enter().append('label').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-check');
+           enter.append('input').property('indeterminate', field.type !== 'defaultCheck').attr('type', 'checkbox').attr('id', field.domId);
+           enter.append('span').html(texts[0]).attr('class', 'value');
 
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('resize');
+           if (field.type === 'onewayCheck') {
+             enter.append('button').attr('class', 'reverser' + (reverserHidden() ? ' hide' : '')).append('span').attr('class', 'reverser-span');
+           }
 
-           var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
+           label = label.merge(enter);
+           input = label.selectAll('input');
+           text = label.selectAll('span.value');
+           input.on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             var t = {};
 
-           function photoviewer(selection) {
-               selection
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'thumb-hide')
-                   .on('click', function () {
-                       if (services.streetside) { services.streetside.hideViewer(context); }
-                       if (services.mapillary) { services.mapillary.hideViewer(context); }
-                       if (services.openstreetcam) { services.openstreetcam.hideViewer(context); }
-                   })
-                   .append('div')
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
-
-               function preventDefault() {
-                   event.preventDefault();
-               }
-
-               selection
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'resize-handle-xy')
-                   .on('touchstart touchdown touchend', preventDefault)
-                   .on(
-                       _pointerPrefix + 'down',
-                       buildResizeListener(selection, 'resize', dispatch$1, { resizeOnX: true, resizeOnY: true })
-                   );
-
-               selection
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'resize-handle-x')
-                   .on('touchstart touchdown touchend', preventDefault)
-                   .on(
-                       _pointerPrefix + 'down',
-                       buildResizeListener(selection, 'resize', dispatch$1, { resizeOnX: true })
-                   );
-
-               selection
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'resize-handle-y')
-                   .on('touchstart touchdown touchend', preventDefault)
-                   .on(
-                       _pointerPrefix + 'down',
-                       buildResizeListener(selection, 'resize', dispatch$1, { resizeOnY: true })
-                   );
-
-               services.streetside.loadViewer(context);
-               services.mapillary.loadViewer(context);
-               services.openstreetcam.loadViewer(context);
-
-               function buildResizeListener(target, eventName, dispatch, options) {
-
-                   var resizeOnX = !!options.resizeOnX;
-                   var resizeOnY = !!options.resizeOnY;
-                   var minHeight = options.minHeight || 240;
-                   var minWidth = options.minWidth || 320;
-                   var pointerId;
-                   var startX;
-                   var startY;
-                   var startWidth;
-                   var startHeight;
-
-                   function startResize() {
-                       if (pointerId !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
-
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-
-                       var mapSize = context.map().dimensions();
-
-                       if (resizeOnX) {
-                           var maxWidth = mapSize[0];
-                           var newWidth = clamp((startWidth + event.clientX - startX), minWidth, maxWidth);
-                           target.style('width', newWidth + 'px');
-                       }
+             if (Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) {
+               if (values.indexOf('yes') !== -1) {
+                 t[field.key] = 'yes';
+               } else {
+                 t[field.key] = values[0];
+               }
+             } else {
+               t[field.key] = values[(values.indexOf(_value) + 1) % values.length];
+             } // Don't cycle through `alternating` or `reversible` states - #4970
+             // (They are supported as translated strings, but should not toggle with clicks)
 
-                       if (resizeOnY) {
-                           var maxHeight = mapSize[1] - 90;  // preserve space at top/bottom of map
-                           var newHeight = clamp((startHeight + startY - event.clientY), minHeight, maxHeight);
-                           target.style('height', newHeight + 'px');
-                       }
 
-                       dispatch.call(eventName, target, utilGetDimensions(target, true));
-                   }
+             if (t[field.key] === 'reversible' || t[field.key] === 'alternating') {
+               t[field.key] = values[0];
+             }
 
-                   function clamp(num, min, max) {
-                       return Math.max(min, Math.min(num, max));
-                   }
+             dispatch.call('change', this, t);
+           });
+
+           if (field.type === 'onewayCheck') {
+             reverser = label.selectAll('.reverser');
+             reverser.call(reverserSetText).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+               context.perform(function (graph) {
+                 for (var i in _entityIDs) {
+                   graph = actionReverse(_entityIDs[i])(graph);
+                 }
 
-                   function stopResize() {
-                       if (pointerId !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+                 return graph;
+               }, _t('operations.reverse.annotation.line', {
+                 n: 1
+               })); // must manually revalidate since no 'change' event was called
 
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       event.stopPropagation();
+               context.validator().validate();
+               select(this).call(reverserSetText);
+             });
+           }
+         };
 
-                       // remove all the listeners we added
-                       select(window)
-                           .on('.' + eventName, null);
-                   }
+         check.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return check;
+         };
 
-                   return function initResize() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       event.stopPropagation();
+         check.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
 
-                       pointerId = event.pointerId || 'mouse';
+           function isChecked(val) {
+             return val !== 'no' && val !== '' && val !== undefined && val !== null;
+           }
 
-                       startX = event.clientX;
-                       startY = event.clientY;
-                       var targetRect = target.node().getBoundingClientRect();
-                       startWidth = targetRect.width;
-                       startHeight = targetRect.height;
+           function textFor(val) {
+             if (val === '') val = undefined;
+             var index = values.indexOf(val);
+             return index !== -1 ? texts[index] : '"' + val + '"';
+           }
 
-                       select(window)
-                           .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.' + eventName, startResize, false)
-                           .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.' + eventName, stopResize, false);
+           checkImpliedYes();
+           var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
+           _value = !isMixed && tags[field.key] && tags[field.key].toLowerCase();
 
-                       if (_pointerPrefix === 'pointer') {
-                           select(window)
-                               .on('pointercancel.' + eventName, stopResize, false);
-                       }
-                   };
-               }
+           if (field.type === 'onewayCheck' && (_value === '1' || _value === '-1')) {
+             _value = 'yes';
            }
 
-           photoviewer.onMapResize = function() {
-               var photoviewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
-               var content = context.container().select('.main-content');
-               var mapDimensions = utilGetDimensions(content, true);
-               // shrink photo viewer if it is too big
-               // (-90 preserves space at top and bottom of map used by menus)
-               var photoDimensions = utilGetDimensions(photoviewer, true);
-               if (photoDimensions[0] > mapDimensions[0] || photoDimensions[1] > (mapDimensions[1] - 90)) {
-                   var setPhotoDimensions = [
-                       Math.min(photoDimensions[0], mapDimensions[0]),
-                       Math.min(photoDimensions[1], mapDimensions[1] - 90),
-                   ];
+           input.property('indeterminate', isMixed || field.type !== 'defaultCheck' && !_value).property('checked', isChecked(_value));
+           text.html(isMixed ? _t.html('inspector.multiple_values') : textFor(_value)).classed('mixed', isMixed);
+           label.classed('set', !!_value);
 
-                   photoviewer
-                       .style('width', setPhotoDimensions[0] + 'px')
-                       .style('height', setPhotoDimensions[1] + 'px');
+           if (field.type === 'onewayCheck') {
+             reverser.classed('hide', reverserHidden()).call(reverserSetText);
+           }
+         };
 
-                   dispatch$1.call('resize', photoviewer, setPhotoDimensions);
-               }
-           };
+         check.focus = function () {
+           input.node().focus();
+         };
 
-           return utilRebind(photoviewer, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return utilRebind(check, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       function uiRestore(context) {
-         return function(selection) {
-           if (!context.history().hasRestorableChanges()) return;
-
-           let modalSelection = uiModal(selection, true);
+       function uiFieldCombo(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
 
-           modalSelection.select('.modal')
-             .attr('class', 'modal fillL');
+         var _isMulti = field.type === 'multiCombo' || field.type === 'manyCombo';
 
-           let introModal = modalSelection.select('.content');
+         var _isNetwork = field.type === 'networkCombo';
 
-           introModal
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'modal-section')
-             .append('h3')
-             .text(_t('restore.heading'));
+         var _isSemi = field.type === 'semiCombo';
 
-           introModal
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class','modal-section')
-             .append('p')
-             .text(_t('restore.description'));
+         var _optarray = field.options;
 
-           let buttonWrap = introModal
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'modal-actions');
+         var _showTagInfoSuggestions = field.type !== 'manyCombo' && field.autoSuggestions !== false;
 
-           let restore = buttonWrap
-             .append('button')
-             .attr('class', 'restore')
-             .on('click', () => {
-               context.history().restore();
-               modalSelection.remove();
-             });
+         var _allowCustomValues = field.type !== 'manyCombo' && field.customValues !== false;
 
-           restore
-             .append('svg')
-             .attr('class', 'logo logo-restore')
-             .append('use')
-             .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-restore');
+         var _snake_case = field.snake_case || field.snake_case === undefined;
 
-           restore
-             .append('div')
-             .text(_t('restore.restore'));
+         var _combobox = uiCombobox(context, 'combo-' + field.safeid).caseSensitive(field.caseSensitive).minItems(_isMulti || _isSemi ? 1 : 2);
 
-           let reset = buttonWrap
-             .append('button')
-             .attr('class', 'reset')
-             .on('click', () => {
-               context.history().clearSaved();
-               modalSelection.remove();
-             });
+         var _container = select(null);
 
-           reset
-             .append('svg')
-             .attr('class', 'logo logo-reset')
-             .append('use')
-             .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-reset');
+         var _inputWrap = select(null);
 
-           reset
-             .append('div')
-             .text(_t('restore.reset'));
+         var _input = select(null);
 
-           restore.node().focus();
-         };
-       }
+         var _comboData = [];
+         var _multiData = [];
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-       function uiScale(context) {
-           var projection = context.projection,
-               isImperial = !_mainLocalizer.usesMetric(),
-               maxLength = 180,
-               tickHeight = 8;
+         var _tags;
 
+         var _countryCode;
 
-           function scaleDefs(loc1, loc2) {
-               var lat = (loc2[1] + loc1[1]) / 2,
-                   conversion = (isImperial ? 3.28084 : 1),
-                   dist = geoLonToMeters(loc2[0] - loc1[0], lat) * conversion,
-                   scale = { dist: 0, px: 0, text: '' },
-                   buckets, i, val, dLon;
+         var _staticPlaceholder; // initialize deprecated tags array
 
-               if (isImperial) {
-                   buckets = [5280000, 528000, 52800, 5280, 500, 50, 5, 1];
-               } else {
-                   buckets = [5000000, 500000, 50000, 5000, 500, 50, 5, 1];
-               }
 
-               // determine a user-friendly endpoint for the scale
-               for (i = 0; i < buckets.length; i++) {
-                   val = buckets[i];
-                   if (dist >= val) {
-                       scale.dist = Math.floor(dist / val) * val;
-                       break;
-                   } else {
-                       scale.dist = +dist.toFixed(2);
-                   }
-               }
+         var _dataDeprecated = [];
+         _mainFileFetcher.get('deprecated').then(function (d) {
+           _dataDeprecated = d;
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
+         }); // ensure multiCombo field.key ends with a ':'
 
-               dLon = geoMetersToLon(scale.dist / conversion, lat);
-               scale.px = Math.round(projection([loc1[0] + dLon, loc1[1]])[0]);
+         if (_isMulti && field.key && /[^:]$/.test(field.key)) {
+           field.key += ':';
+         }
 
-               scale.text = displayLength(scale.dist / conversion, isImperial);
+         function snake(s) {
+           return s.replace(/\s+/g, '_').toLowerCase();
+         }
 
-               return scale;
-           }
+         function clean(s) {
+           return s.split(';').map(function (s) {
+             return s.trim();
+           }).join(';');
+         } // returns the tag value for a display value
+         // (for multiCombo, dval should be the key suffix, not the entire key)
 
 
-           function update(selection) {
-               // choose loc1, loc2 along bottom of viewport (near where the scale will be drawn)
-               var dims = context.map().dimensions(),
-                   loc1 = projection.invert([0, dims[1]]),
-                   loc2 = projection.invert([maxLength, dims[1]]),
-                   scale = scaleDefs(loc1, loc2);
+         function tagValue(dval) {
+           dval = clean(dval || '');
 
-               selection.select('.scale-path')
-                   .attr('d', 'M0.5,0.5v' + tickHeight + 'h' + scale.px + 'v-' + tickHeight);
+           var found = _comboData.find(function (o) {
+             return o.key && clean(o.value) === dval;
+           });
 
-               selection.select('.scale-textgroup')
-                   .attr('transform', 'translate(' + (scale.px + 8) + ',' + tickHeight + ')');
+           if (found) return found.key;
 
-               selection.select('.scale-text')
-                   .text(scale.text);
+           if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && !dval) {
+             return 'yes';
            }
 
+           return (_snake_case ? snake(dval) : dval) || undefined;
+         } // returns the display value for a tag value
+         // (for multiCombo, tval should be the key suffix, not the entire key)
 
-           return function(selection) {
-               function switchUnits() {
-                   isImperial = !isImperial;
-                   selection.call(update);
-               }
-
-               var scalegroup = selection.append('svg')
-                   .attr('class', 'scale')
-                   .on('click', switchUnits)
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('transform', 'translate(10,11)');
-
-               scalegroup
-                   .append('path')
-                   .attr('class', 'scale-path');
-
-               scalegroup
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'scale-textgroup')
-                   .append('text')
-                   .attr('class', 'scale-text');
-
-               selection.call(update);
-
-               context.map().on('move.scale', function() {
-                   update(selection);
-               });
-           };
-       }
 
-       function uiShortcuts(context) {
-           var detected = utilDetect();
-           var _activeTab = 0;
-           var _modalSelection;
-           var _selection = select(null);
+         function displayValue(tval) {
+           tval = tval || '';
 
+           if (field.hasTextForStringId('options.' + tval)) {
+             return field.t('options.' + tval, {
+               "default": tval
+             });
+           }
 
-           context.keybinding()
-               .on([_t('shortcuts.toggle.key'), '?'], function () {
-                   if (context.container().selectAll('.modal-shortcuts').size()) {  // already showing
-                       if (_modalSelection) {
-                           _modalSelection.close();
-                           _modalSelection = null;
-                       }
-                   } else {
-                       _modalSelection = uiModal(_selection);
-                       _modalSelection.call(shortcutsModal);
-                   }
-               });
+           if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && tval.toLowerCase() === 'yes') {
+             return '';
+           }
 
+           return tval;
+         } // Compute the difference between arrays of objects by `value` property
+         //
+         // objectDifference([{value:1}, {value:2}, {value:3}], [{value:2}])
+         // > [{value:1}, {value:3}]
+         //
 
-           function shortcutsModal(_modalSelection) {
-               _modalSelection.select('.modal')
-                   .classed('modal-shortcuts', true);
 
-               var content = _modalSelection.select('.content');
+         function objectDifference(a, b) {
+           return a.filter(function (d1) {
+             return !b.some(function (d2) {
+               return !d2.isMixed && d1.value === d2.value;
+             });
+           });
+         }
 
-               content
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'modal-section')
-                   .append('h3')
-                   .text(_t('shortcuts.title'));
+         function initCombo(selection, attachTo) {
+           if (!_allowCustomValues) {
+             selection.attr('readonly', 'readonly');
+           }
 
-               _mainFileFetcher.get('shortcuts')
-                   .then(function(data) { content.call(render, data); })
-                   .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });
+           if (_showTagInfoSuggestions && services.taginfo) {
+             selection.call(_combobox.fetcher(setTaginfoValues), attachTo);
+             setTaginfoValues('', setPlaceholder);
+           } else {
+             selection.call(_combobox, attachTo);
+             setStaticValues(setPlaceholder);
            }
+         }
 
+         function setStaticValues(callback) {
+           if (!_optarray) return;
+           _comboData = _optarray.map(function (v) {
+             return {
+               key: v,
+               value: field.t('options.' + v, {
+                 "default": v
+               }),
+               title: v,
+               display: field.t.html('options.' + v, {
+                 "default": v
+               }),
+               klass: field.hasTextForStringId('options.' + v) ? '' : 'raw-option'
+             };
+           });
 
-           function render(selection, dataShortcuts) {
-               var wrapper = selection
-                   .selectAll('.wrapper')
-                   .data([0]);
+           _combobox.data(objectDifference(_comboData, _multiData));
 
-               var wrapperEnter = wrapper
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'wrapper modal-section');
+           if (callback) callback(_comboData);
+         }
 
-               var tabsBar = wrapperEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'tabs-bar');
+         function setTaginfoValues(q, callback) {
+           var fn = _isMulti ? 'multikeys' : 'values';
+           var query = (_isMulti ? field.key : '') + q;
+           var hasCountryPrefix = _isNetwork && _countryCode && _countryCode.indexOf(q.toLowerCase()) === 0;
 
-               var shortcutsList = wrapperEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'shortcuts-list');
+           if (hasCountryPrefix) {
+             query = _countryCode + ':';
+           }
 
-               wrapper = wrapper.merge(wrapperEnter);
+           var params = {
+             debounce: q !== '',
+             key: field.key,
+             query: query
+           };
 
-               var tabs = tabsBar
-                   .selectAll('.tab')
-                   .data(dataShortcuts);
+           if (_entityIDs.length) {
+             params.geometry = context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[0]);
+           }
 
-               var tabsEnter = tabs
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'tab')
-                   .on('click', function (d, i) {
-                       _activeTab = i;
-                       render(selection, dataShortcuts);
-                   });
+           services.taginfo[fn](params, function (err, data) {
+             if (err) return;
+             data = data.filter(function (d) {
+               if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && d.value === 'yes') {
+                 // don't show the fallback value
+                 return false;
+               } // don't show values with very low usage
 
-               tabsEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(function (d) { return _t(d.text); });
 
-               tabs = tabs
-                   .merge(tabsEnter);
+               return !d.count || d.count > 10;
+             });
+             var deprecatedValues = osmEntity.deprecatedTagValuesByKey(_dataDeprecated)[field.key];
 
-               // Update
-               wrapper.selectAll('.tab')
-                   .classed('active', function (d, i) {
-                       return i === _activeTab;
-                   });
+             if (deprecatedValues) {
+               // don't suggest deprecated tag values
+               data = data.filter(function (d) {
+                 return deprecatedValues.indexOf(d.value) === -1;
+               });
+             }
 
+             if (hasCountryPrefix) {
+               data = data.filter(function (d) {
+                 return d.value.toLowerCase().indexOf(_countryCode + ':') === 0;
+               });
+             } // hide the caret if there are no suggestions
 
-               var shortcuts = shortcutsList
-                   .selectAll('.shortcut-tab')
-                   .data(dataShortcuts);
 
-               var shortcutsEnter = shortcuts
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'shortcut-tab shortcut-tab-' + d.tab; });
+             _container.classed('empty-combobox', data.length === 0);
 
-               var columnsEnter = shortcutsEnter
-                   .selectAll('.shortcut-column')
-                   .data(function (d) { return d.columns; })
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('table')
-                   .attr('class', 'shortcut-column');
+             _comboData = data.map(function (d) {
+               var k = d.value;
+               if (_isMulti) k = k.replace(field.key, '');
+               var label = field.t('options.' + k, {
+                 "default": k
+               });
+               return {
+                 key: k,
+                 value: label,
+                 display: field.t.html('options.' + k, {
+                   "default": k
+                 }),
+                 title: d.title || label,
+                 klass: field.hasTextForStringId('options.' + k) ? '' : 'raw-option'
+               };
+             });
+             _comboData = objectDifference(_comboData, _multiData);
+             if (callback) callback(_comboData);
+           });
+         }
 
-               var rowsEnter = columnsEnter
-                   .selectAll('.shortcut-row')
-                   .data(function (d) { return d.rows; })
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('tr')
-                   .attr('class', 'shortcut-row');
+         function setPlaceholder(values) {
+           if (_isMulti || _isSemi) {
+             _staticPlaceholder = field.placeholder() || _t('inspector.add');
+           } else {
+             var vals = values.map(function (d) {
+               return d.value;
+             }).filter(function (s) {
+               return s.length < 20;
+             });
+             var placeholders = vals.length > 1 ? vals : values.map(function (d) {
+               return d.key;
+             });
+             _staticPlaceholder = field.placeholder() || placeholders.slice(0, 3).join(', ');
+           }
 
+           if (!/(…|\.\.\.)$/.test(_staticPlaceholder)) {
+             _staticPlaceholder += '…';
+           }
 
-               var sectionRows = rowsEnter
-                   .filter(function (d) { return !d.shortcuts; });
+           var ph;
 
-               sectionRows
-                   .append('td');
+           if (!_isMulti && !_isSemi && _tags && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) {
+             ph = _t('inspector.multiple_values');
+           } else {
+             ph = _staticPlaceholder;
+           }
 
-               sectionRows
-                   .append('td')
-                   .attr('class', 'shortcut-section')
-                   .append('h3')
-                   .text(function (d) { return _t(d.text); });
+           _container.selectAll('input').attr('placeholder', ph);
+         }
 
+         function change() {
+           var t = {};
+           var val;
 
-               var shortcutRows = rowsEnter
-                   .filter(function (d) { return d.shortcuts; });
+           if (_isMulti || _isSemi) {
+             val = tagValue(utilGetSetValue(_input).replace(/,/g, ';')) || '';
 
-               var shortcutKeys = shortcutRows
-                   .append('td')
-                   .attr('class', 'shortcut-keys');
+             _container.classed('active', false);
 
-               var modifierKeys = shortcutKeys
-                   .filter(function (d) { return d.modifiers; });
+             utilGetSetValue(_input, '');
+             var vals = val.split(';').filter(Boolean);
+             if (!vals.length) return;
 
-               modifierKeys
-                   .selectAll('kbd.modifier')
-                   .data(function (d) {
-                       if (detected.os === 'win' && d.text === 'shortcuts.editing.commands.redo') {
-                           return ['⌘'];
-                       } else if (detected.os !== 'mac' && d.text === 'shortcuts.browsing.display_options.fullscreen') {
-                           return [];
-                       } else {
-                           return d.modifiers;
-                       }
-                   })
-                   .enter()
-                   .each(function () {
-                       var selection = select(this);
+             if (_isMulti) {
+               utilArrayUniq(vals).forEach(function (v) {
+                 var key = (field.key || '') + v;
 
-                       selection
-                           .append('kbd')
-                           .attr('class', 'modifier')
-                           .text(function (d) { return uiCmd.display(d); });
+                 if (_tags) {
+                   // don't set a multicombo value to 'yes' if it already has a non-'no' value
+                   // e.g. `language:de=main`
+                   var old = _tags[key];
+                   if (typeof old === 'string' && old.toLowerCase() !== 'no') return;
+                 }
 
-                       selection
-                           .append('span')
-                           .text('+');
-                   });
+                 key = context.cleanTagKey(key);
+                 field.keys.push(key);
+                 t[key] = 'yes';
+               });
+             } else if (_isSemi) {
+               var arr = _multiData.map(function (d) {
+                 return d.key;
+               });
 
+               arr = arr.concat(vals);
+               t[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(utilArrayUniq(arr).filter(Boolean).join(';'));
+             }
 
-               shortcutKeys
-                   .selectAll('kbd.shortcut')
-                   .data(function (d) {
-                       var arr = d.shortcuts;
-                       if (detected.os === 'win' && d.text === 'shortcuts.editing.commands.redo') {
-                           arr = ['Y'];
-                       } else if (detected.os !== 'mac' && d.text === 'shortcuts.browsing.display_options.fullscreen') {
-                           arr = ['F11'];
-                       }
+             window.setTimeout(function () {
+               _input.node().focus();
+             }, 10);
+           } else {
+             var rawValue = utilGetSetValue(_input); // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
-                       // replace translations
-                       arr = arr.map(function(s) {
-                           return uiCmd.display(s.indexOf('.') !== -1 ? _t(s) : s);
-                       });
+             if (!rawValue && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
+             val = context.cleanTagValue(tagValue(rawValue));
+             t[field.key] = val || undefined;
+           }
 
-                       return utilArrayUniq(arr).map(function(s) {
-                           return {
-                               shortcut: s,
-                               separator: d.separator,
-                               suffix: d.suffix
-                           };
-                       });
-                   })
-                   .enter()
-                   .each(function (d, i, nodes) {
-                       var selection = select(this);
-                       var click = d.shortcut.toLowerCase().match(/(.*).click/);
-
-                       if (click && click[1]) {   // replace "left_click", "right_click" with mouse icon
-                           selection
-                               .call(svgIcon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-' + click[1], 'operation'));
-                       } else if (d.shortcut.toLowerCase() === 'long-press') {
-                           selection
-                               .call(svgIcon('#iD-walkthrough-longpress', 'longpress operation'));
-                       } else if (d.shortcut.toLowerCase() === 'tap') {
-                           selection
-                               .call(svgIcon('#iD-walkthrough-tap', 'tap operation'));
-                       } else {
-                           selection
-                               .append('kbd')
-                               .attr('class', 'shortcut')
-                               .text(function (d) { return d.shortcut; });
-                       }
+           dispatch.call('change', this, t);
+         }
 
-                       if (i < nodes.length - 1) {
-                           selection
-                               .append('span')
-                               .text(d.separator || '\u00a0' + _t('shortcuts.or') + '\u00a0');
-                       } else if (i === nodes.length - 1 && d.suffix) {
-                           selection
-                               .append('span')
-                               .text(d.suffix);
-                       }
-                   });
+         function removeMultikey(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           var t = {};
 
+           if (_isMulti) {
+             t[d.key] = undefined;
+           } else if (_isSemi) {
+             var arr = _multiData.map(function (md) {
+               return md.key === d.key ? null : md.key;
+             }).filter(Boolean);
 
-               shortcutKeys
-                   .filter(function(d) { return d.gesture; })
-                   .each(function () {
-                       var selection = select(this);
+             arr = utilArrayUniq(arr);
+             t[field.key] = arr.length ? arr.join(';') : undefined;
+           }
 
-                       selection
-                           .append('span')
-                           .text('+');
+           dispatch.call('change', this, t);
+         }
 
-                       selection
-                           .append('span')
-                           .attr('class', 'gesture')
-                           .text(function (d) { return _t(d.gesture); });
-                   });
+         function combo(selection) {
+           _container = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           var type = _isMulti || _isSemi ? 'multicombo' : 'combo';
+           _container = _container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + type).merge(_container);
 
+           if (_isMulti || _isSemi) {
+             _container = _container.selectAll('.chiplist').data([0]);
+             var listClass = 'chiplist'; // Use a separate line for each value in the Destinations and Via fields
+             // to mimic highway exit signs
 
-               shortcutRows
-                   .append('td')
-                   .attr('class', 'shortcut-desc')
-                   .text(function (d) { return d.text ? _t(d.text) : '\u00a0'; });
+             if (field.key === 'destination' || field.key === 'via') {
+               listClass += ' full-line-chips';
+             }
 
+             _container = _container.enter().append('ul').attr('class', listClass).on('click', function () {
+               window.setTimeout(function () {
+                 _input.node().focus();
+               }, 10);
+             }).merge(_container);
+             _inputWrap = _container.selectAll('.input-wrap').data([0]);
+             _inputWrap = _inputWrap.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'input-wrap').merge(_inputWrap);
+             _input = _inputWrap.selectAll('input').data([0]);
+           } else {
+             _input = _container.selectAll('input').data([0]);
+           }
 
-               shortcuts = shortcuts
-                   .merge(shortcutsEnter);
+           _input = _input.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('id', field.domId).call(utilNoAuto).call(initCombo, selection).merge(_input);
 
-               // Update
-               wrapper.selectAll('.shortcut-tab')
-                   .style('display', function (d, i) {
-                       return i === _activeTab ? 'flex' : 'none';
-                   });
+           if (_isNetwork) {
+             var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
+             var countryCode = extent && iso1A2Code(extent.center());
+             _countryCode = countryCode && countryCode.toLowerCase();
            }
 
+           _input.on('change', change).on('blur', change);
 
-           return function(selection, show) {
-               _selection = selection;
-               if (show) {
-                   _modalSelection = uiModal(selection);
-                   _modalSelection.call(shortcutsModal);
-               }
-           };
-       }
+           _input.on('keydown.field', function (d3_event) {
+             switch (d3_event.keyCode) {
+               case 13:
+                 // ↩ Return
+                 _input.node().blur(); // blurring also enters the value
 
-       var pair_1 = pair;
 
+                 d3_event.stopPropagation();
+                 break;
+             }
+           });
 
-       function search(input, dims) {
-         if (!dims) dims = 'NSEW';
-         if (typeof input !== 'string') return null;
+           if (_isMulti || _isSemi) {
+             _combobox.on('accept', function () {
+               _input.node().blur();
 
-         input = input.toUpperCase();
-         var regex = /^[\s\,]*([NSEW])?\s*([\-|\—|\―]?[0-9.]+)[°º˚]?\s*(?:([0-9.]+)['’′‘]\s*)?(?:([0-9.]+)(?:''|"|”|″)\s*)?([NSEW])?/;
+               _input.node().focus();
+             });
 
-         var m = input.match(regex);
-         if (!m) return null;  // no match
+             _input.on('focus', function () {
+               _container.classed('active', true);
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-         var matched = m[0];
+         combo.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
 
-         // extract dimension.. m[1] = leading, m[5] = trailing
-         var dim;
-         if (m[1] && m[5]) {                 // if matched both..
-           dim = m[1];                       // keep leading
-           matched = matched.slice(0, -1);   // remove trailing dimension from match
-         } else {
-           dim = m[1] || m[5];
-         }
+           if (_isMulti || _isSemi) {
+             _multiData = [];
+             var maxLength;
 
-         // if unrecognized dimension
-         if (dim && dims.indexOf(dim) === -1) return null;
+             if (_isMulti) {
+               // Build _multiData array containing keys already set..
+               for (var k in tags) {
+                 if (field.key && k.indexOf(field.key) !== 0) continue;
+                 if (!field.key && field.keys.indexOf(k) === -1) continue;
+                 var v = tags[k];
+                 if (!v || typeof v === 'string' && v.toLowerCase() === 'no') continue;
+                 var suffix = field.key ? k.substr(field.key.length) : k;
+
+                 _multiData.push({
+                   key: k,
+                   value: displayValue(suffix),
+                   isMixed: Array.isArray(v)
+                 });
+               }
 
-         // extract DMS
-         var deg = m[2] ? parseFloat(m[2]) : 0;
-         var min = m[3] ? parseFloat(m[3]) / 60 : 0;
-         var sec = m[4] ? parseFloat(m[4]) / 3600 : 0;
-         var sign = (deg < 0) ? -1 : 1;
-         if (dim === 'S' || dim === 'W') sign *= -1;
+               if (field.key) {
+                 // Set keys for form-field modified (needed for undo and reset buttons)..
+                 field.keys = _multiData.map(function (d) {
+                   return d.key;
+                 }); // limit the input length so it fits after prepending the key prefix
 
-         return {
-           val: (Math.abs(deg) + min + sec) * sign,
-           dim: dim,
-           matched: matched,
-           remain: input.slice(matched.length)
-         };
-       }
+                 maxLength = context.maxCharsForTagKey() - utilUnicodeCharsCount(field.key);
+               } else {
+                 maxLength = context.maxCharsForTagKey();
+               }
+             } else if (_isSemi) {
+               var allValues = [];
+               var commonValues;
 
+               if (Array.isArray(tags[field.key])) {
+                 tags[field.key].forEach(function (tagVal) {
+                   var thisVals = utilArrayUniq((tagVal || '').split(';')).filter(Boolean);
+                   allValues = allValues.concat(thisVals);
 
-       function pair(input, dims) {
-         input = input.trim();
-         var one = search(input, dims);
-         if (!one) return null;
+                   if (!commonValues) {
+                     commonValues = thisVals;
+                   } else {
+                     commonValues = commonValues.filter(function (value) {
+                       return thisVals.includes(value);
+                     });
+                   }
+                 });
+                 allValues = utilArrayUniq(allValues).filter(Boolean);
+               } else {
+                 allValues = utilArrayUniq((tags[field.key] || '').split(';')).filter(Boolean);
+                 commonValues = allValues;
+               }
 
-         input = one.remain.trim();
-         var two = search(input, dims);
-         if (!two || two.remain) return null;
+               _multiData = allValues.map(function (v) {
+                 return {
+                   key: v,
+                   value: displayValue(v),
+                   isMixed: !commonValues.includes(v)
+                 };
+               });
+               var currLength = utilUnicodeCharsCount(commonValues.join(';')); // limit the input length to the remaining available characters
 
-         if (one.dim) {
-           return swapdim(one.val, two.val, one.dim);
-         } else {
-           return [one.val, two.val];
-         }
-       }
+               maxLength = context.maxCharsForTagValue() - currLength;
 
+               if (currLength > 0) {
+                 // account for the separator if a new value will be appended to existing
+                 maxLength -= 1;
+               }
+             } // a negative maxlength doesn't make sense
 
-       function swapdim(a, b, dim) {
-         if (dim === 'N' || dim === 'S') return [a, b];
-         if (dim === 'W' || dim === 'E') return [b, a];
-       }
 
-       function uiFeatureList(context) {
-           var _geocodeResults;
+             maxLength = Math.max(0, maxLength);
+             var allowDragAndDrop = _isSemi // only semiCombo values are ordered
+             && !Array.isArray(tags[field.key]); // Exclude existing multikeys from combo options..
 
+             var available = objectDifference(_comboData, _multiData);
 
-           function featureList(selection) {
-               var header = selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'header fillL cf');
+             _combobox.data(available); // Hide 'Add' button if this field uses fixed set of
+             // options and they're all currently used,
+             // or if the field is already at its character limit
 
-               header
-                   .append('h3')
-                   .text(_t('inspector.feature_list'));
 
-               var searchWrap = selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'search-header');
+             var hideAdd = !_allowCustomValues && !available.length || maxLength <= 0;
 
-               var search = searchWrap
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.search'))
-                   .attr('type', 'search')
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .on('keypress', keypress)
-                   .on('keydown', keydown)
-                   .on('input', inputevent);
+             _container.selectAll('.chiplist .input-wrap').style('display', hideAdd ? 'none' : null); // Render chips
 
-               searchWrap
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-search', 'pre-text'));
 
-               var listWrap = selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'inspector-body');
+             var chips = _container.selectAll('.chip').data(_multiData);
 
-               var list = listWrap
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'feature-list cf');
+             chips.exit().remove();
+             var enter = chips.enter().insert('li', '.input-wrap').attr('class', 'chip');
+             enter.append('span');
+             enter.append('a');
+             chips = chips.merge(enter).order().classed('raw-value', function (d) {
+               var k = d.key;
+               if (_isMulti) k = k.replace(field.key, '');
+               return !field.hasTextForStringId('options.' + k);
+             }).classed('draggable', allowDragAndDrop).classed('mixed', function (d) {
+               return d.isMixed;
+             }).attr('title', function (d) {
+               return d.isMixed ? _t('inspector.unshared_value_tooltip') : null;
+             });
+
+             if (allowDragAndDrop) {
+               registerDragAndDrop(chips);
+             }
 
-               context
-                   .on('exit.feature-list', clearSearch);
-               context.map()
-                   .on('drawn.feature-list', mapDrawn);
+             chips.select('span').text(function (d) {
+               return d.value;
+             });
+             chips.select('a').attr('href', '#').on('click', removeMultikey).attr('class', 'remove').text('×');
+           } else {
+             var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
+             var mixedValues = isMixed && tags[field.key].map(function (val) {
+               return displayValue(val);
+             }).filter(Boolean);
+             var showsValue = !isMixed && tags[field.key] && !(field.type === 'typeCombo' && tags[field.key] === 'yes');
+             var isRawValue = showsValue && !field.hasTextForStringId('options.' + tags[field.key]);
+             var isKnownValue = showsValue && !isRawValue;
+             var isReadOnly = !_allowCustomValues || isKnownValue;
+             utilGetSetValue(_input, !isMixed ? displayValue(tags[field.key]) : '').classed('raw-value', isRawValue).classed('known-value', isKnownValue).attr('readonly', isReadOnly ? 'readonly' : undefined).attr('title', isMixed ? mixedValues.join('\n') : undefined).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : _staticPlaceholder || '').classed('mixed', isMixed).on('keydown.deleteCapture', function (d3_event) {
+               if (isReadOnly && isKnownValue && (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['⌫'] || d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['⌦'])) {
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+                 d3_event.stopPropagation();
+                 var t = {};
+                 t[field.key] = undefined;
+                 dispatch.call('change', this, t);
+               }
+             });
+           }
+         };
 
-               context.keybinding()
-                   .on(uiCmd('⌘F'), focusSearch);
+         function registerDragAndDrop(selection) {
+           // allow drag and drop re-ordering of chips
+           var dragOrigin, targetIndex;
+           selection.call(d3_drag().on('start', function (d3_event) {
+             dragOrigin = {
+               x: d3_event.x,
+               y: d3_event.y
+             };
+             targetIndex = null;
+           }).on('drag', function (d3_event) {
+             var x = d3_event.x - dragOrigin.x,
+                 y = d3_event.y - dragOrigin.y;
+             if (!select(this).classed('dragging') && // don't display drag until dragging beyond a distance threshold
+             Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x, 2) + Math.pow(y, 2)) <= 5) return;
+             var index = selection.nodes().indexOf(this);
+             select(this).classed('dragging', true);
+             targetIndex = null;
+             var targetIndexOffsetTop = null;
+             var draggedTagWidth = select(this).node().offsetWidth;
+
+             if (field.key === 'destination' || field.key === 'via') {
+               // meaning tags are full width
+               _container.selectAll('.chip').style('transform', function (d2, index2) {
+                 var node = select(this).node();
+
+                 if (index === index2) {
+                   return 'translate(' + x + 'px, ' + y + 'px)'; // move the dragged tag up the order
+                 } else if (index2 > index && d3_event.y > node.offsetTop) {
+                   if (targetIndex === null || index2 > targetIndex) {
+                     targetIndex = index2;
+                   }
+
+                   return 'translateY(-100%)'; // move the dragged tag down the order
+                 } else if (index2 < index && d3_event.y < node.offsetTop + node.offsetHeight) {
+                   if (targetIndex === null || index2 < targetIndex) {
+                     targetIndex = index2;
+                   }
+
+                   return 'translateY(100%)';
+                 }
 
+                 return null;
+               });
+             } else {
+               _container.selectAll('.chip').each(function (d2, index2) {
+                 var node = select(this).node(); // check the cursor is in the bounding box
 
-               function focusSearch() {
-                   var mode = context.mode() && context.mode().id;
-                   if (mode !== 'browse') return;
+                 if (index !== index2 && d3_event.x < node.offsetLeft + node.offsetWidth + 5 && d3_event.x > node.offsetLeft && d3_event.y < node.offsetTop + node.offsetHeight && d3_event.y > node.offsetTop) {
+                   targetIndex = index2;
+                   targetIndexOffsetTop = node.offsetTop;
+                 }
+               }).style('transform', function (d2, index2) {
+                 var node = select(this).node();
 
-                   event.preventDefault();
-                   search.node().focus();
-               }
+                 if (index === index2) {
+                   return 'translate(' + x + 'px, ' + y + 'px)';
+                 } // only translate tags in the same row
 
 
-               function keydown() {
-                   if (event.keyCode === 27) {  // escape
-                       search.node().blur();
+                 if (node.offsetTop === targetIndexOffsetTop) {
+                   if (index2 < index && index2 >= targetIndex) {
+                     return 'translateX(' + draggedTagWidth + 'px)';
+                   } else if (index2 > index && index2 <= targetIndex) {
+                     return 'translateX(-' + draggedTagWidth + 'px)';
                    }
-               }
+                 }
 
+                 return null;
+               });
+             }
+           }).on('end', function () {
+             if (!select(this).classed('dragging')) {
+               return;
+             }
 
-               function keypress() {
-                   var q = search.property('value'),
-                       items = list.selectAll('.feature-list-item');
-                   if (event.keyCode === 13 && q.length && items.size()) {  // return
-                       click(items.datum());
-                   }
-               }
+             var index = selection.nodes().indexOf(this);
+             select(this).classed('dragging', false);
 
+             _container.selectAll('.chip').style('transform', null);
 
-               function inputevent() {
-                   _geocodeResults = undefined;
-                   drawList();
-               }
+             if (typeof targetIndex === 'number') {
+               var element = _multiData[index];
 
+               _multiData.splice(index, 1);
 
-               function clearSearch() {
-                   search.property('value', '');
-                   drawList();
-               }
+               _multiData.splice(targetIndex, 0, element);
 
+               var t = {};
 
-               function mapDrawn(e) {
-                   if (e.full) {
-                       drawList();
-                   }
+               if (_multiData.length) {
+                 t[field.key] = _multiData.map(function (element) {
+                   return element.key;
+                 }).join(';');
+               } else {
+                 t[field.key] = undefined;
                }
 
+               dispatch.call('change', this, t);
+             }
 
-               function features() {
-                   var result = [];
-                   var graph = context.graph();
-                   var visibleCenter = context.map().extent().center();
-                   var q = search.property('value').toLowerCase();
-
-                   if (!q) return result;
+             dragOrigin = undefined;
+             targetIndex = undefined;
+           }));
+         }
 
-                   var idMatch = q.match(/(?:^|\W)(node|way|relation|[nwr])\W?0*([1-9]\d*)(?:\W|$)/i);
+         combo.focus = function () {
+           _input.node().focus();
+         };
 
-                   if (idMatch) {
-                       var elemType = idMatch[1].charAt(0);
-                       var elemId = idMatch[2];
-                       result.push({
-                           id: elemType + elemId,
-                           geometry: elemType === 'n' ? 'point' : elemType === 'w' ? 'line' : 'relation',
-                           type: elemType === 'n' ? _t('inspector.node') : elemType === 'w' ? _t('inspector.way') : _t('inspector.relation'),
-                           name: elemId
-                       });
-                   }
+         combo.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return combo;
+         };
 
-                   var locationMatch = pair_1(q.toUpperCase()) || q.match(/^(-?\d+\.?\d*)\s+(-?\d+\.?\d*)$/);
+         function combinedEntityExtent() {
+           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+         }
 
-                   if (locationMatch) {
-                       var loc = [parseFloat(locationMatch[0]), parseFloat(locationMatch[1])];
-                       result.push({
-                           id: -1,
-                           geometry: 'point',
-                           type: _t('inspector.location'),
-                           name: dmsCoordinatePair([loc[1], loc[0]]),
-                           location: loc
-                       });
-                   }
+         return utilRebind(combo, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-                   var allEntities = graph.entities;
-                   var localResults = [];
-                   for (var id in allEntities) {
-                       var entity = allEntities[id];
-                       if (!entity) continue;
-
-                       var name = utilDisplayName(entity) || '';
-                       if (name.toLowerCase().indexOf(q) < 0) continue;
-
-                       var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
-                       var type = (matched && matched.name()) || utilDisplayType(entity.id);
-                       var extent = entity.extent(graph);
-                       var distance = extent ? geoSphericalDistance(visibleCenter, extent.center()) : 0;
-
-                       localResults.push({
-                           id: entity.id,
-                           entity: entity,
-                           geometry: entity.geometry(graph),
-                           type: type,
-                           name: name,
-                           distance: distance
-                       });
+       // based on https://github.com/bestiejs/punycode.js/blob/master/punycode.js
+       var global$2 = global$1o;
+       var uncurryThis$1 = functionUncurryThis;
 
-                       if (localResults.length > 100) break;
-                   }
-                   localResults = localResults.sort(function byDistance(a, b) {
-                       return a.distance - b.distance;
-                   });
-                   result = result.concat(localResults);
+       var maxInt = 2147483647; // aka. 0x7FFFFFFF or 2^31-1
+       var base = 36;
+       var tMin = 1;
+       var tMax = 26;
+       var skew = 38;
+       var damp = 700;
+       var initialBias = 72;
+       var initialN = 128; // 0x80
+       var delimiter = '-'; // '\x2D'
+       var regexNonASCII = /[^\0-\u007E]/; // non-ASCII chars
+       var regexSeparators = /[.\u3002\uFF0E\uFF61]/g; // RFC 3490 separators
+       var OVERFLOW_ERROR = 'Overflow: input needs wider integers to process';
+       var baseMinusTMin = base - tMin;
 
-                   (_geocodeResults || []).forEach(function(d) {
-                       if (d.osm_type && d.osm_id) {    // some results may be missing these - #1890
+       var RangeError$1 = global$2.RangeError;
+       var exec$1 = uncurryThis$1(regexSeparators.exec);
+       var floor$1 = Math.floor;
+       var fromCharCode = String.fromCharCode;
+       var charCodeAt = uncurryThis$1(''.charCodeAt);
+       var join$1 = uncurryThis$1([].join);
+       var push$1 = uncurryThis$1([].push);
+       var replace$1 = uncurryThis$1(''.replace);
+       var split$1 = uncurryThis$1(''.split);
+       var toLowerCase$1 = uncurryThis$1(''.toLowerCase);
 
-                           // Make a temporary osmEntity so we can preset match
-                           // and better localize the search result - #4725
-                           var id = osmEntity.id.fromOSM(d.osm_type, d.osm_id);
-                           var tags = {};
-                           tags[d.class] = d.type;
+       /**
+        * Creates an array containing the numeric code points of each Unicode
+        * character in the string. While JavaScript uses UCS-2 internally,
+        * this function will convert a pair of surrogate halves (each of which
+        * UCS-2 exposes as separate characters) into a single code point,
+        * matching UTF-16.
+        */
+       var ucs2decode = function (string) {
+         var output = [];
+         var counter = 0;
+         var length = string.length;
+         while (counter < length) {
+           var value = charCodeAt(string, counter++);
+           if (value >= 0xD800 && value <= 0xDBFF && counter < length) {
+             // It's a high surrogate, and there is a next character.
+             var extra = charCodeAt(string, counter++);
+             if ((extra & 0xFC00) == 0xDC00) { // Low surrogate.
+               push$1(output, ((value & 0x3FF) << 10) + (extra & 0x3FF) + 0x10000);
+             } else {
+               // It's an unmatched surrogate; only append this code unit, in case the
+               // next code unit is the high surrogate of a surrogate pair.
+               push$1(output, value);
+               counter--;
+             }
+           } else {
+             push$1(output, value);
+           }
+         }
+         return output;
+       };
 
-                           var attrs = { id: id, type: d.osm_type, tags: tags };
-                           if (d.osm_type === 'way') {   // for ways, add some fake closed nodes
-                               attrs.nodes = ['a','a'];  // so that geometry area is possible
-                           }
+       /**
+        * Converts a digit/integer into a basic code point.
+        */
+       var digitToBasic = function (digit) {
+         //  0..25 map to ASCII a..z or A..Z
+         // 26..35 map to ASCII 0..9
+         return digit + 22 + 75 * (digit < 26);
+       };
 
-                           var tempEntity = osmEntity(attrs);
-                           var tempGraph = coreGraph([tempEntity]);
-                           var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(tempEntity, tempGraph);
-                           var type = (matched && matched.name()) || utilDisplayType(id);
-
-                           result.push({
-                               id: tempEntity.id,
-                               geometry: tempEntity.geometry(tempGraph),
-                               type: type,
-                               name: d.display_name,
-                               extent: new geoExtent(
-                                   [parseFloat(d.boundingbox[3]), parseFloat(d.boundingbox[0])],
-                                   [parseFloat(d.boundingbox[2]), parseFloat(d.boundingbox[1])])
-                           });
-                       }
-                   });
+       /**
+        * Bias adaptation function as per section 3.4 of RFC 3492.
+        * https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3492#section-3.4
+        */
+       var adapt = function (delta, numPoints, firstTime) {
+         var k = 0;
+         delta = firstTime ? floor$1(delta / damp) : delta >> 1;
+         delta += floor$1(delta / numPoints);
+         while (delta > baseMinusTMin * tMax >> 1) {
+           delta = floor$1(delta / baseMinusTMin);
+           k += base;
+         }
+         return floor$1(k + (baseMinusTMin + 1) * delta / (delta + skew));
+       };
 
-                   if (q.match(/^[0-9]+$/)) {
-                       // if query is just a number, possibly an OSM ID without a prefix
-                       result.push({
-                           id: 'n' + q,
-                           geometry: 'point',
-                           type: _t('inspector.node'),
-                           name: q
-                       });
-                       result.push({
-                           id: 'w' + q,
-                           geometry: 'line',
-                           type: _t('inspector.way'),
-                           name: q
-                       });
-                       result.push({
-                           id: 'r' + q,
-                           geometry: 'relation',
-                           type: _t('inspector.relation'),
-                           name: q
-                       });
-                   }
+       /**
+        * Converts a string of Unicode symbols (e.g. a domain name label) to a
+        * Punycode string of ASCII-only symbols.
+        */
+       var encode = function (input) {
+         var output = [];
 
-                   return result;
-               }
+         // Convert the input in UCS-2 to an array of Unicode code points.
+         input = ucs2decode(input);
 
+         // Cache the length.
+         var inputLength = input.length;
 
-               function drawList() {
-                   var value = search.property('value');
-                   var results = features();
+         // Initialize the state.
+         var n = initialN;
+         var delta = 0;
+         var bias = initialBias;
+         var i, currentValue;
 
-                   list.classed('filtered', value.length);
+         // Handle the basic code points.
+         for (i = 0; i < input.length; i++) {
+           currentValue = input[i];
+           if (currentValue < 0x80) {
+             push$1(output, fromCharCode(currentValue));
+           }
+         }
 
-                   var resultsIndicator = list.selectAll('.no-results-item')
-                       .data([0])
-                       .enter()
-                       .append('button')
-                       .property('disabled', true)
-                       .attr('class', 'no-results-item')
-                       .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'pre-text'));
-
-                   resultsIndicator.append('span')
-                       .attr('class', 'entity-name');
-
-                   list.selectAll('.no-results-item .entity-name')
-                       .text(_t('geocoder.no_results_worldwide'));
-
-                   if (services.geocoder) {
-                     list.selectAll('.geocode-item')
-                         .data([0])
-                         .enter()
-                         .append('button')
-                         .attr('class', 'geocode-item')
-                         .on('click', geocoderSearch)
-                         .append('div')
-                         .attr('class', 'label')
-                         .append('span')
-                         .attr('class', 'entity-name')
-                         .text(_t('geocoder.search'));
-                   }
+         var basicLength = output.length; // number of basic code points.
+         var handledCPCount = basicLength; // number of code points that have been handled;
 
-                   list.selectAll('.no-results-item')
-                       .style('display', (value.length && !results.length) ? 'block' : 'none');
+         // Finish the basic string with a delimiter unless it's empty.
+         if (basicLength) {
+           push$1(output, delimiter);
+         }
 
-                   list.selectAll('.geocode-item')
-                       .style('display', (value && _geocodeResults === undefined) ? 'block' : 'none');
+         // Main encoding loop:
+         while (handledCPCount < inputLength) {
+           // All non-basic code points < n have been handled already. Find the next larger one:
+           var m = maxInt;
+           for (i = 0; i < input.length; i++) {
+             currentValue = input[i];
+             if (currentValue >= n && currentValue < m) {
+               m = currentValue;
+             }
+           }
 
-                   list.selectAll('.feature-list-item')
-                       .data([-1])
-                       .remove();
+           // Increase `delta` enough to advance the decoder's <n,i> state to <m,0>, but guard against overflow.
+           var handledCPCountPlusOne = handledCPCount + 1;
+           if (m - n > floor$1((maxInt - delta) / handledCPCountPlusOne)) {
+             throw RangeError$1(OVERFLOW_ERROR);
+           }
 
-                   var items = list.selectAll('.feature-list-item')
-                       .data(results, function(d) { return d.id; });
+           delta += (m - n) * handledCPCountPlusOne;
+           n = m;
 
-                   var enter = items.enter()
-                       .insert('button', '.geocode-item')
-                       .attr('class', 'feature-list-item')
-                       .on('mouseover', mouseover)
-                       .on('mouseout', mouseout)
-                       .on('click', click);
+           for (i = 0; i < input.length; i++) {
+             currentValue = input[i];
+             if (currentValue < n && ++delta > maxInt) {
+               throw RangeError$1(OVERFLOW_ERROR);
+             }
+             if (currentValue == n) {
+               // Represent delta as a generalized variable-length integer.
+               var q = delta;
+               var k = base;
+               while (true) {
+                 var t = k <= bias ? tMin : (k >= bias + tMax ? tMax : k - bias);
+                 if (q < t) break;
+                 var qMinusT = q - t;
+                 var baseMinusT = base - t;
+                 push$1(output, fromCharCode(digitToBasic(t + qMinusT % baseMinusT)));
+                 q = floor$1(qMinusT / baseMinusT);
+                 k += base;
+               }
+
+               push$1(output, fromCharCode(digitToBasic(q)));
+               bias = adapt(delta, handledCPCountPlusOne, handledCPCount == basicLength);
+               delta = 0;
+               handledCPCount++;
+             }
+           }
+
+           delta++;
+           n++;
+         }
+         return join$1(output, '');
+       };
+
+       var stringPunycodeToAscii = function (input) {
+         var encoded = [];
+         var labels = split$1(replace$1(toLowerCase$1(input), regexSeparators, '\u002E'), '.');
+         var i, label;
+         for (i = 0; i < labels.length; i++) {
+           label = labels[i];
+           push$1(encoded, exec$1(regexNonASCII, label) ? 'xn--' + encode(label) : label);
+         }
+         return join$1(encoded, '.');
+       };
+
+       // TODO: in core-js@4, move /modules/ dependencies to public entries for better optimization by tools like `preset-env`
+
+       var $ = _export;
+       var DESCRIPTORS = descriptors;
+       var USE_NATIVE_URL = nativeUrl;
+       var global$1 = global$1o;
+       var bind$2 = functionBindContext;
+       var uncurryThis = functionUncurryThis;
+       var defineProperties = objectDefineProperties.f;
+       var redefine = redefine$h.exports;
+       var anInstance = anInstance$7;
+       var hasOwn = hasOwnProperty_1;
+       var assign$1 = objectAssign;
+       var arrayFrom = arrayFrom$1;
+       var arraySlice = arraySliceSimple;
+       var codeAt = stringMultibyte.codeAt;
+       var toASCII = stringPunycodeToAscii;
+       var $toString = toString$k;
+       var setToStringTag = setToStringTag$a;
+       var validateArgumentsLength = validateArgumentsLength$4;
+       var URLSearchParamsModule = web_urlSearchParams;
+       var InternalStateModule = internalState;
+
+       var setInternalState = InternalStateModule.set;
+       var getInternalURLState = InternalStateModule.getterFor('URL');
+       var URLSearchParams$1 = URLSearchParamsModule.URLSearchParams;
+       var getInternalSearchParamsState = URLSearchParamsModule.getState;
+
+       var NativeURL = global$1.URL;
+       var TypeError$1 = global$1.TypeError;
+       var parseInt$1 = global$1.parseInt;
+       var floor = Math.floor;
+       var pow = Math.pow;
+       var charAt = uncurryThis(''.charAt);
+       var exec = uncurryThis(/./.exec);
+       var join = uncurryThis([].join);
+       var numberToString = uncurryThis(1.0.toString);
+       var pop = uncurryThis([].pop);
+       var push = uncurryThis([].push);
+       var replace = uncurryThis(''.replace);
+       var shift = uncurryThis([].shift);
+       var split = uncurryThis(''.split);
+       var stringSlice = uncurryThis(''.slice);
+       var toLowerCase = uncurryThis(''.toLowerCase);
+       var unshift = uncurryThis([].unshift);
+
+       var INVALID_AUTHORITY = 'Invalid authority';
+       var INVALID_SCHEME = 'Invalid scheme';
+       var INVALID_HOST = 'Invalid host';
+       var INVALID_PORT = 'Invalid port';
+
+       var ALPHA = /[a-z]/i;
+       // eslint-disable-next-line regexp/no-obscure-range -- safe
+       var ALPHANUMERIC = /[\d+-.a-z]/i;
+       var DIGIT = /\d/;
+       var HEX_START = /^0x/i;
+       var OCT = /^[0-7]+$/;
+       var DEC = /^\d+$/;
+       var HEX = /^[\da-f]+$/i;
+       /* eslint-disable regexp/no-control-character -- safe */
+       var FORBIDDEN_HOST_CODE_POINT = /[\0\t\n\r #%/:<>?@[\\\]^|]/;
+       var FORBIDDEN_HOST_CODE_POINT_EXCLUDING_PERCENT = /[\0\t\n\r #/:<>?@[\\\]^|]/;
+       var LEADING_AND_TRAILING_C0_CONTROL_OR_SPACE = /^[\u0000-\u0020]+|[\u0000-\u0020]+$/g;
+       var TAB_AND_NEW_LINE = /[\t\n\r]/g;
+       /* eslint-enable regexp/no-control-character -- safe */
+       var EOF;
+
+       // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#ipv4-number-parser
+       var parseIPv4 = function (input) {
+         var parts = split(input, '.');
+         var partsLength, numbers, index, part, radix, number, ipv4;
+         if (parts.length && parts[parts.length - 1] == '') {
+           parts.length--;
+         }
+         partsLength = parts.length;
+         if (partsLength > 4) return input;
+         numbers = [];
+         for (index = 0; index < partsLength; index++) {
+           part = parts[index];
+           if (part == '') return input;
+           radix = 10;
+           if (part.length > 1 && charAt(part, 0) == '0') {
+             radix = exec(HEX_START, part) ? 16 : 8;
+             part = stringSlice(part, radix == 8 ? 1 : 2);
+           }
+           if (part === '') {
+             number = 0;
+           } else {
+             if (!exec(radix == 10 ? DEC : radix == 8 ? OCT : HEX, part)) return input;
+             number = parseInt$1(part, radix);
+           }
+           push(numbers, number);
+         }
+         for (index = 0; index < partsLength; index++) {
+           number = numbers[index];
+           if (index == partsLength - 1) {
+             if (number >= pow(256, 5 - partsLength)) return null;
+           } else if (number > 255) return null;
+         }
+         ipv4 = pop(numbers);
+         for (index = 0; index < numbers.length; index++) {
+           ipv4 += numbers[index] * pow(256, 3 - index);
+         }
+         return ipv4;
+       };
+
+       // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-ipv6-parser
+       // eslint-disable-next-line max-statements -- TODO
+       var parseIPv6 = function (input) {
+         var address = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0];
+         var pieceIndex = 0;
+         var compress = null;
+         var pointer = 0;
+         var value, length, numbersSeen, ipv4Piece, number, swaps, swap;
+
+         var chr = function () {
+           return charAt(input, pointer);
+         };
+
+         if (chr() == ':') {
+           if (charAt(input, 1) != ':') return;
+           pointer += 2;
+           pieceIndex++;
+           compress = pieceIndex;
+         }
+         while (chr()) {
+           if (pieceIndex == 8) return;
+           if (chr() == ':') {
+             if (compress !== null) return;
+             pointer++;
+             pieceIndex++;
+             compress = pieceIndex;
+             continue;
+           }
+           value = length = 0;
+           while (length < 4 && exec(HEX, chr())) {
+             value = value * 16 + parseInt$1(chr(), 16);
+             pointer++;
+             length++;
+           }
+           if (chr() == '.') {
+             if (length == 0) return;
+             pointer -= length;
+             if (pieceIndex > 6) return;
+             numbersSeen = 0;
+             while (chr()) {
+               ipv4Piece = null;
+               if (numbersSeen > 0) {
+                 if (chr() == '.' && numbersSeen < 4) pointer++;
+                 else return;
+               }
+               if (!exec(DIGIT, chr())) return;
+               while (exec(DIGIT, chr())) {
+                 number = parseInt$1(chr(), 10);
+                 if (ipv4Piece === null) ipv4Piece = number;
+                 else if (ipv4Piece == 0) return;
+                 else ipv4Piece = ipv4Piece * 10 + number;
+                 if (ipv4Piece > 255) return;
+                 pointer++;
+               }
+               address[pieceIndex] = address[pieceIndex] * 256 + ipv4Piece;
+               numbersSeen++;
+               if (numbersSeen == 2 || numbersSeen == 4) pieceIndex++;
+             }
+             if (numbersSeen != 4) return;
+             break;
+           } else if (chr() == ':') {
+             pointer++;
+             if (!chr()) return;
+           } else if (chr()) return;
+           address[pieceIndex++] = value;
+         }
+         if (compress !== null) {
+           swaps = pieceIndex - compress;
+           pieceIndex = 7;
+           while (pieceIndex != 0 && swaps > 0) {
+             swap = address[pieceIndex];
+             address[pieceIndex--] = address[compress + swaps - 1];
+             address[compress + --swaps] = swap;
+           }
+         } else if (pieceIndex != 8) return;
+         return address;
+       };
+
+       var findLongestZeroSequence = function (ipv6) {
+         var maxIndex = null;
+         var maxLength = 1;
+         var currStart = null;
+         var currLength = 0;
+         var index = 0;
+         for (; index < 8; index++) {
+           if (ipv6[index] !== 0) {
+             if (currLength > maxLength) {
+               maxIndex = currStart;
+               maxLength = currLength;
+             }
+             currStart = null;
+             currLength = 0;
+           } else {
+             if (currStart === null) currStart = index;
+             ++currLength;
+           }
+         }
+         if (currLength > maxLength) {
+           maxIndex = currStart;
+           maxLength = currLength;
+         }
+         return maxIndex;
+       };
+
+       // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#host-serializing
+       var serializeHost = function (host) {
+         var result, index, compress, ignore0;
+         // ipv4
+         if (typeof host == 'number') {
+           result = [];
+           for (index = 0; index < 4; index++) {
+             unshift(result, host % 256);
+             host = floor(host / 256);
+           } return join(result, '.');
+         // ipv6
+         } else if (typeof host == 'object') {
+           result = '';
+           compress = findLongestZeroSequence(host);
+           for (index = 0; index < 8; index++) {
+             if (ignore0 && host[index] === 0) continue;
+             if (ignore0) ignore0 = false;
+             if (compress === index) {
+               result += index ? ':' : '::';
+               ignore0 = true;
+             } else {
+               result += numberToString(host[index], 16);
+               if (index < 7) result += ':';
+             }
+           }
+           return '[' + result + ']';
+         } return host;
+       };
 
-                   var label = enter
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'label');
+       var C0ControlPercentEncodeSet = {};
+       var fragmentPercentEncodeSet = assign$1({}, C0ControlPercentEncodeSet, {
+         ' ': 1, '"': 1, '<': 1, '>': 1, '`': 1
+       });
+       var pathPercentEncodeSet = assign$1({}, fragmentPercentEncodeSet, {
+         '#': 1, '?': 1, '{': 1, '}': 1
+       });
+       var userinfoPercentEncodeSet = assign$1({}, pathPercentEncodeSet, {
+         '/': 1, ':': 1, ';': 1, '=': 1, '@': 1, '[': 1, '\\': 1, ']': 1, '^': 1, '|': 1
+       });
 
-                   label
-                       .each(function(d) {
-                           select(this)
-                               .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + d.geometry, 'pre-text'));
-                       });
+       var percentEncode = function (chr, set) {
+         var code = codeAt(chr, 0);
+         return code > 0x20 && code < 0x7F && !hasOwn(set, chr) ? chr : encodeURIComponent(chr);
+       };
 
-                   label
-                       .append('span')
-                       .attr('class', 'entity-type')
-                       .text(function(d) { return d.type; });
+       // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#special-scheme
+       var specialSchemes = {
+         ftp: 21,
+         file: null,
+         http: 80,
+         https: 443,
+         ws: 80,
+         wss: 443
+       };
 
-                   label
-                       .append('span')
-                       .attr('class', 'entity-name')
-                       .text(function(d) { return d.name; });
+       // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#windows-drive-letter
+       var isWindowsDriveLetter = function (string, normalized) {
+         var second;
+         return string.length == 2 && exec(ALPHA, charAt(string, 0))
+           && ((second = charAt(string, 1)) == ':' || (!normalized && second == '|'));
+       };
 
-                   enter
-                       .style('opacity', 0)
-                       .transition()
-                       .style('opacity', 1);
+       // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#start-with-a-windows-drive-letter
+       var startsWithWindowsDriveLetter = function (string) {
+         var third;
+         return string.length > 1 && isWindowsDriveLetter(stringSlice(string, 0, 2)) && (
+           string.length == 2 ||
+           ((third = charAt(string, 2)) === '/' || third === '\\' || third === '?' || third === '#')
+         );
+       };
 
-                   items.order();
+       // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#single-dot-path-segment
+       var isSingleDot = function (segment) {
+         return segment === '.' || toLowerCase(segment) === '%2e';
+       };
+
+       // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#double-dot-path-segment
+       var isDoubleDot = function (segment) {
+         segment = toLowerCase(segment);
+         return segment === '..' || segment === '%2e.' || segment === '.%2e' || segment === '%2e%2e';
+       };
+
+       // States:
+       var SCHEME_START = {};
+       var SCHEME = {};
+       var NO_SCHEME = {};
+       var SPECIAL_RELATIVE_OR_AUTHORITY = {};
+       var PATH_OR_AUTHORITY = {};
+       var RELATIVE = {};
+       var RELATIVE_SLASH = {};
+       var SPECIAL_AUTHORITY_SLASHES = {};
+       var SPECIAL_AUTHORITY_IGNORE_SLASHES = {};
+       var AUTHORITY = {};
+       var HOST = {};
+       var HOSTNAME = {};
+       var PORT = {};
+       var FILE = {};
+       var FILE_SLASH = {};
+       var FILE_HOST = {};
+       var PATH_START = {};
+       var PATH = {};
+       var CANNOT_BE_A_BASE_URL_PATH = {};
+       var QUERY = {};
+       var FRAGMENT = {};
+
+       var URLState = function (url, isBase, base) {
+         var urlString = $toString(url);
+         var baseState, failure, searchParams;
+         if (isBase) {
+           failure = this.parse(urlString);
+           if (failure) throw TypeError$1(failure);
+           this.searchParams = null;
+         } else {
+           if (base !== undefined) baseState = new URLState(base, true);
+           failure = this.parse(urlString, null, baseState);
+           if (failure) throw TypeError$1(failure);
+           searchParams = getInternalSearchParamsState(new URLSearchParams$1());
+           searchParams.bindURL(this);
+           this.searchParams = searchParams;
+         }
+       };
+
+       URLState.prototype = {
+         type: 'URL',
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#url-parsing
+         // eslint-disable-next-line max-statements -- TODO
+         parse: function (input, stateOverride, base) {
+           var url = this;
+           var state = stateOverride || SCHEME_START;
+           var pointer = 0;
+           var buffer = '';
+           var seenAt = false;
+           var seenBracket = false;
+           var seenPasswordToken = false;
+           var codePoints, chr, bufferCodePoints, failure;
+
+           input = $toString(input);
+
+           if (!stateOverride) {
+             url.scheme = '';
+             url.username = '';
+             url.password = '';
+             url.host = null;
+             url.port = null;
+             url.path = [];
+             url.query = null;
+             url.fragment = null;
+             url.cannotBeABaseURL = false;
+             input = replace(input, LEADING_AND_TRAILING_C0_CONTROL_OR_SPACE, '');
+           }
+
+           input = replace(input, TAB_AND_NEW_LINE, '');
+
+           codePoints = arrayFrom(input);
+
+           while (pointer <= codePoints.length) {
+             chr = codePoints[pointer];
+             switch (state) {
+               case SCHEME_START:
+                 if (chr && exec(ALPHA, chr)) {
+                   buffer += toLowerCase(chr);
+                   state = SCHEME;
+                 } else if (!stateOverride) {
+                   state = NO_SCHEME;
+                   continue;
+                 } else return INVALID_SCHEME;
+                 break;
 
-                   items.exit()
-                       .remove();
-               }
+               case SCHEME:
+                 if (chr && (exec(ALPHANUMERIC, chr) || chr == '+' || chr == '-' || chr == '.')) {
+                   buffer += toLowerCase(chr);
+                 } else if (chr == ':') {
+                   if (stateOverride && (
+                     (url.isSpecial() != hasOwn(specialSchemes, buffer)) ||
+                     (buffer == 'file' && (url.includesCredentials() || url.port !== null)) ||
+                     (url.scheme == 'file' && !url.host)
+                   )) return;
+                   url.scheme = buffer;
+                   if (stateOverride) {
+                     if (url.isSpecial() && specialSchemes[url.scheme] == url.port) url.port = null;
+                     return;
+                   }
+                   buffer = '';
+                   if (url.scheme == 'file') {
+                     state = FILE;
+                   } else if (url.isSpecial() && base && base.scheme == url.scheme) {
+                     state = SPECIAL_RELATIVE_OR_AUTHORITY;
+                   } else if (url.isSpecial()) {
+                     state = SPECIAL_AUTHORITY_SLASHES;
+                   } else if (codePoints[pointer + 1] == '/') {
+                     state = PATH_OR_AUTHORITY;
+                     pointer++;
+                   } else {
+                     url.cannotBeABaseURL = true;
+                     push(url.path, '');
+                     state = CANNOT_BE_A_BASE_URL_PATH;
+                   }
+                 } else if (!stateOverride) {
+                   buffer = '';
+                   state = NO_SCHEME;
+                   pointer = 0;
+                   continue;
+                 } else return INVALID_SCHEME;
+                 break;
 
+               case NO_SCHEME:
+                 if (!base || (base.cannotBeABaseURL && chr != '#')) return INVALID_SCHEME;
+                 if (base.cannotBeABaseURL && chr == '#') {
+                   url.scheme = base.scheme;
+                   url.path = arraySlice(base.path);
+                   url.query = base.query;
+                   url.fragment = '';
+                   url.cannotBeABaseURL = true;
+                   state = FRAGMENT;
+                   break;
+                 }
+                 state = base.scheme == 'file' ? FILE : RELATIVE;
+                 continue;
 
-               function mouseover(d) {
-                   if (d.id === -1) return;
+               case SPECIAL_RELATIVE_OR_AUTHORITY:
+                 if (chr == '/' && codePoints[pointer + 1] == '/') {
+                   state = SPECIAL_AUTHORITY_IGNORE_SLASHES;
+                   pointer++;
+                 } else {
+                   state = RELATIVE;
+                   continue;
+                 } break;
 
-                   utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
-               }
+               case PATH_OR_AUTHORITY:
+                 if (chr == '/') {
+                   state = AUTHORITY;
+                   break;
+                 } else {
+                   state = PATH;
+                   continue;
+                 }
 
+               case RELATIVE:
+                 url.scheme = base.scheme;
+                 if (chr == EOF) {
+                   url.username = base.username;
+                   url.password = base.password;
+                   url.host = base.host;
+                   url.port = base.port;
+                   url.path = arraySlice(base.path);
+                   url.query = base.query;
+                 } else if (chr == '/' || (chr == '\\' && url.isSpecial())) {
+                   state = RELATIVE_SLASH;
+                 } else if (chr == '?') {
+                   url.username = base.username;
+                   url.password = base.password;
+                   url.host = base.host;
+                   url.port = base.port;
+                   url.path = arraySlice(base.path);
+                   url.query = '';
+                   state = QUERY;
+                 } else if (chr == '#') {
+                   url.username = base.username;
+                   url.password = base.password;
+                   url.host = base.host;
+                   url.port = base.port;
+                   url.path = arraySlice(base.path);
+                   url.query = base.query;
+                   url.fragment = '';
+                   state = FRAGMENT;
+                 } else {
+                   url.username = base.username;
+                   url.password = base.password;
+                   url.host = base.host;
+                   url.port = base.port;
+                   url.path = arraySlice(base.path);
+                   url.path.length--;
+                   state = PATH;
+                   continue;
+                 } break;
 
-               function mouseout(d) {
-                   if (d.id === -1) return;
+               case RELATIVE_SLASH:
+                 if (url.isSpecial() && (chr == '/' || chr == '\\')) {
+                   state = SPECIAL_AUTHORITY_IGNORE_SLASHES;
+                 } else if (chr == '/') {
+                   state = AUTHORITY;
+                 } else {
+                   url.username = base.username;
+                   url.password = base.password;
+                   url.host = base.host;
+                   url.port = base.port;
+                   state = PATH;
+                   continue;
+                 } break;
 
-                   utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
-               }
+               case SPECIAL_AUTHORITY_SLASHES:
+                 state = SPECIAL_AUTHORITY_IGNORE_SLASHES;
+                 if (chr != '/' || charAt(buffer, pointer + 1) != '/') continue;
+                 pointer++;
+                 break;
 
+               case SPECIAL_AUTHORITY_IGNORE_SLASHES:
+                 if (chr != '/' && chr != '\\') {
+                   state = AUTHORITY;
+                   continue;
+                 } break;
+
+               case AUTHORITY:
+                 if (chr == '@') {
+                   if (seenAt) buffer = '%40' + buffer;
+                   seenAt = true;
+                   bufferCodePoints = arrayFrom(buffer);
+                   for (var i = 0; i < bufferCodePoints.length; i++) {
+                     var codePoint = bufferCodePoints[i];
+                     if (codePoint == ':' && !seenPasswordToken) {
+                       seenPasswordToken = true;
+                       continue;
+                     }
+                     var encodedCodePoints = percentEncode(codePoint, userinfoPercentEncodeSet);
+                     if (seenPasswordToken) url.password += encodedCodePoints;
+                     else url.username += encodedCodePoints;
+                   }
+                   buffer = '';
+                 } else if (
+                   chr == EOF || chr == '/' || chr == '?' || chr == '#' ||
+                   (chr == '\\' && url.isSpecial())
+                 ) {
+                   if (seenAt && buffer == '') return INVALID_AUTHORITY;
+                   pointer -= arrayFrom(buffer).length + 1;
+                   buffer = '';
+                   state = HOST;
+                 } else buffer += chr;
+                 break;
 
-               function click(d) {
-                   event.preventDefault();
+               case HOST:
+               case HOSTNAME:
+                 if (stateOverride && url.scheme == 'file') {
+                   state = FILE_HOST;
+                   continue;
+                 } else if (chr == ':' && !seenBracket) {
+                   if (buffer == '') return INVALID_HOST;
+                   failure = url.parseHost(buffer);
+                   if (failure) return failure;
+                   buffer = '';
+                   state = PORT;
+                   if (stateOverride == HOSTNAME) return;
+                 } else if (
+                   chr == EOF || chr == '/' || chr == '?' || chr == '#' ||
+                   (chr == '\\' && url.isSpecial())
+                 ) {
+                   if (url.isSpecial() && buffer == '') return INVALID_HOST;
+                   if (stateOverride && buffer == '' && (url.includesCredentials() || url.port !== null)) return;
+                   failure = url.parseHost(buffer);
+                   if (failure) return failure;
+                   buffer = '';
+                   state = PATH_START;
+                   if (stateOverride) return;
+                   continue;
+                 } else {
+                   if (chr == '[') seenBracket = true;
+                   else if (chr == ']') seenBracket = false;
+                   buffer += chr;
+                 } break;
+
+               case PORT:
+                 if (exec(DIGIT, chr)) {
+                   buffer += chr;
+                 } else if (
+                   chr == EOF || chr == '/' || chr == '?' || chr == '#' ||
+                   (chr == '\\' && url.isSpecial()) ||
+                   stateOverride
+                 ) {
+                   if (buffer != '') {
+                     var port = parseInt$1(buffer, 10);
+                     if (port > 0xFFFF) return INVALID_PORT;
+                     url.port = (url.isSpecial() && port === specialSchemes[url.scheme]) ? null : port;
+                     buffer = '';
+                   }
+                   if (stateOverride) return;
+                   state = PATH_START;
+                   continue;
+                 } else return INVALID_PORT;
+                 break;
 
-                   if (d.location) {
-                       context.map().centerZoomEase([d.location[1], d.location[0]], 19);
+               case FILE:
+                 url.scheme = 'file';
+                 if (chr == '/' || chr == '\\') state = FILE_SLASH;
+                 else if (base && base.scheme == 'file') {
+                   if (chr == EOF) {
+                     url.host = base.host;
+                     url.path = arraySlice(base.path);
+                     url.query = base.query;
+                   } else if (chr == '?') {
+                     url.host = base.host;
+                     url.path = arraySlice(base.path);
+                     url.query = '';
+                     state = QUERY;
+                   } else if (chr == '#') {
+                     url.host = base.host;
+                     url.path = arraySlice(base.path);
+                     url.query = base.query;
+                     url.fragment = '';
+                     state = FRAGMENT;
+                   } else {
+                     if (!startsWithWindowsDriveLetter(join(arraySlice(codePoints, pointer), ''))) {
+                       url.host = base.host;
+                       url.path = arraySlice(base.path);
+                       url.shortenPath();
+                     }
+                     state = PATH;
+                     continue;
+                   }
+                 } else {
+                   state = PATH;
+                   continue;
+                 } break;
 
-                   } else if (d.entity) {
-                       utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
+               case FILE_SLASH:
+                 if (chr == '/' || chr == '\\') {
+                   state = FILE_HOST;
+                   break;
+                 }
+                 if (base && base.scheme == 'file' && !startsWithWindowsDriveLetter(join(arraySlice(codePoints, pointer), ''))) {
+                   if (isWindowsDriveLetter(base.path[0], true)) push(url.path, base.path[0]);
+                   else url.host = base.host;
+                 }
+                 state = PATH;
+                 continue;
 
-                       context.enter(modeSelect(context, [d.entity.id]));
-                       context.map().zoomToEase(d.entity);
+               case FILE_HOST:
+                 if (chr == EOF || chr == '/' || chr == '\\' || chr == '?' || chr == '#') {
+                   if (!stateOverride && isWindowsDriveLetter(buffer)) {
+                     state = PATH;
+                   } else if (buffer == '') {
+                     url.host = '';
+                     if (stateOverride) return;
+                     state = PATH_START;
+                   } else {
+                     failure = url.parseHost(buffer);
+                     if (failure) return failure;
+                     if (url.host == 'localhost') url.host = '';
+                     if (stateOverride) return;
+                     buffer = '';
+                     state = PATH_START;
+                   } continue;
+                 } else buffer += chr;
+                 break;
 
+               case PATH_START:
+                 if (url.isSpecial()) {
+                   state = PATH;
+                   if (chr != '/' && chr != '\\') continue;
+                 } else if (!stateOverride && chr == '?') {
+                   url.query = '';
+                   state = QUERY;
+                 } else if (!stateOverride && chr == '#') {
+                   url.fragment = '';
+                   state = FRAGMENT;
+                 } else if (chr != EOF) {
+                   state = PATH;
+                   if (chr != '/') continue;
+                 } break;
+
+               case PATH:
+                 if (
+                   chr == EOF || chr == '/' ||
+                   (chr == '\\' && url.isSpecial()) ||
+                   (!stateOverride && (chr == '?' || chr == '#'))
+                 ) {
+                   if (isDoubleDot(buffer)) {
+                     url.shortenPath();
+                     if (chr != '/' && !(chr == '\\' && url.isSpecial())) {
+                       push(url.path, '');
+                     }
+                   } else if (isSingleDot(buffer)) {
+                     if (chr != '/' && !(chr == '\\' && url.isSpecial())) {
+                       push(url.path, '');
+                     }
                    } else {
-                       // download, zoom to, and select the entity with the given ID
-                       context.zoomToEntity(d.id);
+                     if (url.scheme == 'file' && !url.path.length && isWindowsDriveLetter(buffer)) {
+                       if (url.host) url.host = '';
+                       buffer = charAt(buffer, 0) + ':'; // normalize windows drive letter
+                     }
+                     push(url.path, buffer);
                    }
-               }
-
+                   buffer = '';
+                   if (url.scheme == 'file' && (chr == EOF || chr == '?' || chr == '#')) {
+                     while (url.path.length > 1 && url.path[0] === '') {
+                       shift(url.path);
+                     }
+                   }
+                   if (chr == '?') {
+                     url.query = '';
+                     state = QUERY;
+                   } else if (chr == '#') {
+                     url.fragment = '';
+                     state = FRAGMENT;
+                   }
+                 } else {
+                   buffer += percentEncode(chr, pathPercentEncodeSet);
+                 } break;
+
+               case CANNOT_BE_A_BASE_URL_PATH:
+                 if (chr == '?') {
+                   url.query = '';
+                   state = QUERY;
+                 } else if (chr == '#') {
+                   url.fragment = '';
+                   state = FRAGMENT;
+                 } else if (chr != EOF) {
+                   url.path[0] += percentEncode(chr, C0ControlPercentEncodeSet);
+                 } break;
+
+               case QUERY:
+                 if (!stateOverride && chr == '#') {
+                   url.fragment = '';
+                   state = FRAGMENT;
+                 } else if (chr != EOF) {
+                   if (chr == "'" && url.isSpecial()) url.query += '%27';
+                   else if (chr == '#') url.query += '%23';
+                   else url.query += percentEncode(chr, C0ControlPercentEncodeSet);
+                 } break;
+
+               case FRAGMENT:
+                 if (chr != EOF) url.fragment += percentEncode(chr, fragmentPercentEncodeSet);
+                 break;
+             }
 
-               function geocoderSearch() {
-                   services.geocoder.search(search.property('value'), function (err, resp) {
-                       _geocodeResults = resp || [];
-                       drawList();
-                   });
-               }
+             pointer++;
+           }
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#host-parsing
+         parseHost: function (input) {
+           var result, codePoints, index;
+           if (charAt(input, 0) == '[') {
+             if (charAt(input, input.length - 1) != ']') return INVALID_HOST;
+             result = parseIPv6(stringSlice(input, 1, -1));
+             if (!result) return INVALID_HOST;
+             this.host = result;
+           // opaque host
+           } else if (!this.isSpecial()) {
+             if (exec(FORBIDDEN_HOST_CODE_POINT_EXCLUDING_PERCENT, input)) return INVALID_HOST;
+             result = '';
+             codePoints = arrayFrom(input);
+             for (index = 0; index < codePoints.length; index++) {
+               result += percentEncode(codePoints[index], C0ControlPercentEncodeSet);
+             }
+             this.host = result;
+           } else {
+             input = toASCII(input);
+             if (exec(FORBIDDEN_HOST_CODE_POINT, input)) return INVALID_HOST;
+             result = parseIPv4(input);
+             if (result === null) return INVALID_HOST;
+             this.host = result;
+           }
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#cannot-have-a-username-password-port
+         cannotHaveUsernamePasswordPort: function () {
+           return !this.host || this.cannotBeABaseURL || this.scheme == 'file';
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#include-credentials
+         includesCredentials: function () {
+           return this.username != '' || this.password != '';
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#is-special
+         isSpecial: function () {
+           return hasOwn(specialSchemes, this.scheme);
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#shorten-a-urls-path
+         shortenPath: function () {
+           var path = this.path;
+           var pathSize = path.length;
+           if (pathSize && (this.scheme != 'file' || pathSize != 1 || !isWindowsDriveLetter(path[0], true))) {
+             path.length--;
+           }
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-serializer
+         serialize: function () {
+           var url = this;
+           var scheme = url.scheme;
+           var username = url.username;
+           var password = url.password;
+           var host = url.host;
+           var port = url.port;
+           var path = url.path;
+           var query = url.query;
+           var fragment = url.fragment;
+           var output = scheme + ':';
+           if (host !== null) {
+             output += '//';
+             if (url.includesCredentials()) {
+               output += username + (password ? ':' + password : '') + '@';
+             }
+             output += serializeHost(host);
+             if (port !== null) output += ':' + port;
+           } else if (scheme == 'file') output += '//';
+           output += url.cannotBeABaseURL ? path[0] : path.length ? '/' + join(path, '/') : '';
+           if (query !== null) output += '?' + query;
+           if (fragment !== null) output += '#' + fragment;
+           return output;
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-href
+         setHref: function (href) {
+           var failure = this.parse(href);
+           if (failure) throw TypeError$1(failure);
+           this.searchParams.update();
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-origin
+         getOrigin: function () {
+           var scheme = this.scheme;
+           var port = this.port;
+           if (scheme == 'blob') try {
+             return new URLConstructor(scheme.path[0]).origin;
+           } catch (error) {
+             return 'null';
+           }
+           if (scheme == 'file' || !this.isSpecial()) return 'null';
+           return scheme + '://' + serializeHost(this.host) + (port !== null ? ':' + port : '');
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-protocol
+         getProtocol: function () {
+           return this.scheme + ':';
+         },
+         setProtocol: function (protocol) {
+           this.parse($toString(protocol) + ':', SCHEME_START);
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-username
+         getUsername: function () {
+           return this.username;
+         },
+         setUsername: function (username) {
+           var codePoints = arrayFrom($toString(username));
+           if (this.cannotHaveUsernamePasswordPort()) return;
+           this.username = '';
+           for (var i = 0; i < codePoints.length; i++) {
+             this.username += percentEncode(codePoints[i], userinfoPercentEncodeSet);
+           }
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-password
+         getPassword: function () {
+           return this.password;
+         },
+         setPassword: function (password) {
+           var codePoints = arrayFrom($toString(password));
+           if (this.cannotHaveUsernamePasswordPort()) return;
+           this.password = '';
+           for (var i = 0; i < codePoints.length; i++) {
+             this.password += percentEncode(codePoints[i], userinfoPercentEncodeSet);
+           }
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-host
+         getHost: function () {
+           var host = this.host;
+           var port = this.port;
+           return host === null ? ''
+             : port === null ? serializeHost(host)
+             : serializeHost(host) + ':' + port;
+         },
+         setHost: function (host) {
+           if (this.cannotBeABaseURL) return;
+           this.parse(host, HOST);
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-hostname
+         getHostname: function () {
+           var host = this.host;
+           return host === null ? '' : serializeHost(host);
+         },
+         setHostname: function (hostname) {
+           if (this.cannotBeABaseURL) return;
+           this.parse(hostname, HOSTNAME);
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-port
+         getPort: function () {
+           var port = this.port;
+           return port === null ? '' : $toString(port);
+         },
+         setPort: function (port) {
+           if (this.cannotHaveUsernamePasswordPort()) return;
+           port = $toString(port);
+           if (port == '') this.port = null;
+           else this.parse(port, PORT);
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-pathname
+         getPathname: function () {
+           var path = this.path;
+           return this.cannotBeABaseURL ? path[0] : path.length ? '/' + join(path, '/') : '';
+         },
+         setPathname: function (pathname) {
+           if (this.cannotBeABaseURL) return;
+           this.path = [];
+           this.parse(pathname, PATH_START);
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-search
+         getSearch: function () {
+           var query = this.query;
+           return query ? '?' + query : '';
+         },
+         setSearch: function (search) {
+           search = $toString(search);
+           if (search == '') {
+             this.query = null;
+           } else {
+             if ('?' == charAt(search, 0)) search = stringSlice(search, 1);
+             this.query = '';
+             this.parse(search, QUERY);
+           }
+           this.searchParams.update();
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-searchparams
+         getSearchParams: function () {
+           return this.searchParams.facade;
+         },
+         // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-hash
+         getHash: function () {
+           var fragment = this.fragment;
+           return fragment ? '#' + fragment : '';
+         },
+         setHash: function (hash) {
+           hash = $toString(hash);
+           if (hash == '') {
+             this.fragment = null;
+             return;
            }
+           if ('#' == charAt(hash, 0)) hash = stringSlice(hash, 1);
+           this.fragment = '';
+           this.parse(hash, FRAGMENT);
+         },
+         update: function () {
+           this.query = this.searchParams.serialize() || null;
+         }
+       };
+
+       // `URL` constructor
+       // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#url-class
+       var URLConstructor = function URL(url /* , base */) {
+         var that = anInstance(this, URLPrototype);
+         var base = validateArgumentsLength(arguments.length, 1) > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined;
+         var state = setInternalState(that, new URLState(url, false, base));
+         if (!DESCRIPTORS) {
+           that.href = state.serialize();
+           that.origin = state.getOrigin();
+           that.protocol = state.getProtocol();
+           that.username = state.getUsername();
+           that.password = state.getPassword();
+           that.host = state.getHost();
+           that.hostname = state.getHostname();
+           that.port = state.getPort();
+           that.pathname = state.getPathname();
+           that.search = state.getSearch();
+           that.searchParams = state.getSearchParams();
+           that.hash = state.getHash();
+         }
+       };
 
+       var URLPrototype = URLConstructor.prototype;
 
-           return featureList;
+       var accessorDescriptor = function (getter, setter) {
+         return {
+           get: function () {
+             return getInternalURLState(this)[getter]();
+           },
+           set: setter && function (value) {
+             return getInternalURLState(this)[setter](value);
+           },
+           configurable: true,
+           enumerable: true
+         };
+       };
+
+       if (DESCRIPTORS) {
+         defineProperties(URLPrototype, {
+           // `URL.prototype.href` accessors pair
+           // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-href
+           href: accessorDescriptor('serialize', 'setHref'),
+           // `URL.prototype.origin` getter
+           // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-origin
+           origin: accessorDescriptor('getOrigin'),
+           // `URL.prototype.protocol` accessors pair
+           // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-protocol
+           protocol: accessorDescriptor('getProtocol', 'setProtocol'),
+           // `URL.prototype.username` accessors pair
+           // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-username
+           username: accessorDescriptor('getUsername', 'setUsername'),
+           // `URL.prototype.password` accessors pair
+           // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-password
+           password: accessorDescriptor('getPassword', 'setPassword'),
+           // `URL.prototype.host` accessors pair
+           // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-host
+           host: accessorDescriptor('getHost', 'setHost'),
+           // `URL.prototype.hostname` accessors pair
+           // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-hostname
+           hostname: accessorDescriptor('getHostname', 'setHostname'),
+           // `URL.prototype.port` accessors pair
+           // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-port
+           port: accessorDescriptor('getPort', 'setPort'),
+           // `URL.prototype.pathname` accessors pair
+           // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-pathname
+           pathname: accessorDescriptor('getPathname', 'setPathname'),
+           // `URL.prototype.search` accessors pair
+           // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-search
+           search: accessorDescriptor('getSearch', 'setSearch'),
+           // `URL.prototype.searchParams` getter
+           // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-searchparams
+           searchParams: accessorDescriptor('getSearchParams'),
+           // `URL.prototype.hash` accessors pair
+           // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-hash
+           hash: accessorDescriptor('getHash', 'setHash')
+         });
        }
 
-       function uiSectionEntityIssues(context) {
+       // `URL.prototype.toJSON` method
+       // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#dom-url-tojson
+       redefine(URLPrototype, 'toJSON', function toJSON() {
+         return getInternalURLState(this).serialize();
+       }, { enumerable: true });
 
-           var _entityIDs = [];
-           var _issues = [];
-           var _activeIssueID;
+       // `URL.prototype.toString` method
+       // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#URL-stringification-behavior
+       redefine(URLPrototype, 'toString', function toString() {
+         return getInternalURLState(this).serialize();
+       }, { enumerable: true });
 
-           var section = uiSection('entity-issues', context)
-               .shouldDisplay(function() {
-                   return _issues.length > 0;
-               })
-               .title(function() {
-                   return _t('issues.list_title', { count: _issues.length });
-               })
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+       if (NativeURL) {
+         var nativeCreateObjectURL = NativeURL.createObjectURL;
+         var nativeRevokeObjectURL = NativeURL.revokeObjectURL;
+         // `URL.createObjectURL` method
+         // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URL/createObjectURL
+         if (nativeCreateObjectURL) redefine(URLConstructor, 'createObjectURL', bind$2(nativeCreateObjectURL, NativeURL));
+         // `URL.revokeObjectURL` method
+         // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URL/revokeObjectURL
+         if (nativeRevokeObjectURL) redefine(URLConstructor, 'revokeObjectURL', bind$2(nativeRevokeObjectURL, NativeURL));
+       }
 
-           context.validator()
-               .on('validated.entity_issues', function() {
-                   // Refresh on validated events
-                   reloadIssues();
-                   section.reRender();
-               })
-               .on('focusedIssue.entity_issues', function(issue) {
-                    makeActiveIssue(issue.id);
-               });
+       setToStringTag(URLConstructor, 'URL');
 
-           function reloadIssues() {
-               _issues = context.validator().getSharedEntityIssues(_entityIDs, { includeDisabledRules: true });
-           }
+       $({ global: true, forced: !USE_NATIVE_URL, sham: !DESCRIPTORS }, {
+         URL: URLConstructor
+       });
 
-           function makeActiveIssue(issueID) {
-               _activeIssueID = issueID;
-               section.selection().selectAll('.issue-container')
-                   .classed('active', function(d) { return d.id === _activeIssueID; });
-           }
+       function uiFieldText(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var input = select(null);
+         var outlinkButton = select(null);
+         var wrap = select(null);
+         var _entityIDs = [];
+
+         var _tags;
+
+         var _phoneFormats = {};
+
+         if (field.type === 'tel') {
+           _mainFileFetcher.get('phone_formats').then(function (d) {
+             _phoneFormats = d;
+             updatePhonePlaceholder();
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             /* ignore */
+           });
+         }
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+         function calcLocked() {
+           // Protect certain fields that have a companion `*:wikidata` value
+           var isLocked = (field.id === 'brand' || field.id === 'network' || field.id === 'operator' || field.id === 'flag') && _entityIDs.length && _entityIDs.some(function (entityID) {
+             var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(entityID);
+             if (!entity) return false; // Features linked to Wikidata are likely important and should be protected
 
-               selection.classed('grouped-items-area', true);
+             if (entity.tags.wikidata) return true;
+             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+             var isSuggestion = preset && preset.suggestion; // Lock the field if there is a value and a companion `*:wikidata` value
 
-               _activeIssueID = _issues.length > 0 ? _issues[0].id : null;
+             var which = field.id; // 'brand', 'network', 'operator', 'flag'
 
-               var containers = selection.selectAll('.issue-container')
-                   .data(_issues, function(d) { return d.id; });
+             return isSuggestion && !!entity.tags[which] && !!entity.tags[which + ':wikidata'];
+           });
 
-               // Exit
-               containers.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           field.locked(isLocked);
+         }
 
-               // Enter
-               var containersEnter = containers.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-container');
+         function i(selection) {
+           calcLocked();
+           var isLocked = field.locked();
+           wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           input = wrap.selectAll('input').data([0]);
+           input = input.enter().append('input').attr('type', field.type === 'identifier' ? 'text' : field.type).attr('id', field.domId).classed(field.type, true).call(utilNoAuto).merge(input);
+           input.classed('disabled', !!isLocked).attr('readonly', isLocked || null).on('input', change(true)).on('blur', change()).on('change', change());
 
+           if (field.type === 'tel') {
+             updatePhonePlaceholder();
+           } else if (field.type === 'number') {
+             var rtl = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl';
+             input.attr('type', 'text');
+             var inc = field.increment;
+             var buttons = wrap.selectAll('.increment, .decrement').data(rtl ? [inc, -inc] : [-inc, inc]);
+             buttons.enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
+               var which = d > 0 ? 'increment' : 'decrement';
+               return 'form-field-button ' + which;
+             }).attr('title', function (d) {
+               var which = d > 0 ? 'increment' : 'decrement';
+               return _t("inspector.".concat(which));
+             }).merge(buttons).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               var raw_vals = input.node().value || '0';
+               var vals = raw_vals.split(';');
+               vals = vals.map(function (v) {
+                 var num = parseFloat(v.trim(), 10);
+                 return isFinite(num) ? clamped(num + d) : v.trim();
+               });
+               input.node().value = vals.join(';');
+               change()();
+             });
+           } else if (field.type === 'identifier' && field.urlFormat && field.pattern) {
+             input.attr('type', 'text');
+             outlinkButton = wrap.selectAll('.foreign-id-permalink').data([0]);
+             outlinkButton.enter().append('button').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link')).attr('class', 'form-field-button foreign-id-permalink').attr('title', function () {
+               var domainResults = /^https?:\/\/(.{1,}?)\//.exec(field.urlFormat);
+
+               if (domainResults.length >= 2 && domainResults[1]) {
+                 var domain = domainResults[1];
+                 return _t('icons.view_on', {
+                   domain: domain
+                 });
+               }
 
-               var itemsEnter = containersEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'issue severity-' + d.severity; })
-                   .on('mouseover.highlight', function(d) {
-                       // don't hover-highlight the selected entity
-                       var ids = d.entityIds
-                           .filter(function(e) { return _entityIDs.indexOf(e) === -1; });
-
-                       utilHighlightEntities(ids, true, context);
-                   })
-                   .on('mouseout.highlight', function(d) {
-                       var ids = d.entityIds
-                           .filter(function(e) { return _entityIDs.indexOf(e) === -1; });
-
-                       utilHighlightEntities(ids, false, context);
-                   });
+               return '';
+             }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               var value = validIdentifierValueForLink();
+
+               if (value) {
+                 var url = field.urlFormat.replace(/{value}/, encodeURIComponent(value));
+                 window.open(url, '_blank');
+               }
+             }).merge(outlinkButton);
+           } else if (field.type === 'url') {
+             input.attr('type', 'text');
+             outlinkButton = wrap.selectAll('.foreign-id-permalink').data([0]);
+             outlinkButton.enter().append('button').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link')).attr('class', 'form-field-button foreign-id-permalink').attr('title', function () {
+               return _t('icons.visit_website');
+             }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               var value = validIdentifierValueForLink();
+               if (value) window.open(value, '_blank');
+             }).merge(outlinkButton);
+           } else if (field.key.split(':').includes('colour')) {
+             input.attr('type', 'text');
+             updateColourPreview();
+           }
+         }
+
+         function isColourValid(colour) {
+           if (!colour.match(/^(#([0-9a-fA-F]{3}){1,2}|\w+)$/)) {
+             // OSM only supports hex or named colors
+             return false;
+           } else if (!CSS.supports('color', colour) || ['unset', 'inherit', 'initial', 'revert'].includes(colour)) {
+             // see https://stackoverflow.com/a/68217760/1627467
+             return false;
+           }
 
-               var labelsEnter = itemsEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-label')
-                   .on('click', function(d) {
+           return true;
+         }
 
-                       makeActiveIssue(d.id); // expand only the clicked item
+         function updateColourPreview() {
+           wrap.selectAll('.colour-preview').remove();
+           var colour = utilGetSetValue(input);
+           if (!isColourValid(colour) && colour !== '') return;
+           var colourSelector = wrap.selectAll('.colour-selector').data([0]);
+           outlinkButton = wrap.selectAll('.colour-preview').data([colour]);
+           colourSelector.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'color').attr('class', 'form-field-button colour-selector').attr('value', colour).on('input', debounce(function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var colour = this.value;
+             if (!isColourValid(colour)) return;
+             utilGetSetValue(input, this.value);
+             change()();
+             updateColourPreview();
+           }, 100));
+           outlinkButton = outlinkButton.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-button colour-preview').append('div').style('background-color', function (d) {
+             return d;
+           }).attr('class', 'colour-box');
 
-                       var extent = d.extent(context.graph());
-                       if (extent) {
-                           var setZoom = Math.max(context.map().zoom(), 19);
-                           context.map().unobscuredCenterZoomEase(extent.center(), setZoom);
-                       }
-                   });
+           if (colour === '') {
+             outlinkButton = outlinkButton.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-edit'));
+           }
 
-               var textEnter = labelsEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-text');
-
-               textEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-icon')
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       var iconName = '#iD-icon-' + (d.severity === 'warning' ? 'alert' : 'error');
-                       select(this)
-                           .call(svgIcon(iconName));
-                   });
+           outlinkButton.on('click', function () {
+             return wrap.select('.colour-selector').node().click();
+           }).merge(outlinkButton);
+         }
 
-               textEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-message');
-
-
-               var infoButton = labelsEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-info-button')
-                   .attr('title', _t('icons.information'))
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-inspect'));
-
-               infoButton
-                   .on('click', function () {
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
-
-                       var container = select(this.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode);
-                       var info = container.selectAll('.issue-info');
-                       var isExpanded = info.classed('expanded');
-
-                       if (isExpanded) {
-                           info
-                               .transition()
-                               .duration(200)
-                               .style('max-height', '0px')
-                               .style('opacity', '0')
-                               .on('end', function () {
-                                   info.classed('expanded', false);
-                               });
-                       } else {
-                           info
-                               .classed('expanded', true)
-                               .transition()
-                               .duration(200)
-                               .style('max-height', '200px')
-                               .style('opacity', '1')
-                               .on('end', function () {
-                                   info.style('max-height', null);
-                               });
-                       }
-                   });
+         function updatePhonePlaceholder() {
+           if (input.empty() || !Object.keys(_phoneFormats).length) return;
+           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
+           var countryCode = extent && iso1A2Code(extent.center());
 
-               itemsEnter
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-fix-list');
+           var format = countryCode && _phoneFormats[countryCode.toLowerCase()];
 
-               containersEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-info')
-                   .style('max-height', '0')
-                   .style('opacity', '0')
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       if (typeof d.reference === 'function') {
-                           select(this)
-                               .call(d.reference);
-                       } else {
-                           select(this)
-                               .text(_t('inspector.no_documentation_key'));
-                       }
-                   });
+           if (format) input.attr('placeholder', format);
+         }
 
+         function validIdentifierValueForLink() {
+           var value = utilGetSetValue(input).trim();
 
-               // Update
-               containers = containers
-                   .merge(containersEnter)
-                   .classed('active', function(d) { return d.id === _activeIssueID; });
+           if (field.type === 'url' && value) {
+             try {
+               return new URL(value).href;
+             } catch (e) {
+               return null;
+             }
+           }
 
-               containers.selectAll('.issue-message')
-                   .text(function(d) {
-                       return d.message(context);
-                   });
+           if (field.type === 'identifier' && field.pattern) {
+             return value && value.match(new RegExp(field.pattern))[0];
+           }
 
-               // fixes
-               var fixLists = containers.selectAll('.issue-fix-list');
+           return null;
+         } // clamp number to min/max
 
-               var fixes = fixLists.selectAll('.issue-fix-item')
-                   .data(function(d) { return d.fixes ? d.fixes(context) : []; }, function(fix) { return fix.id; });
 
-               fixes.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         function clamped(num) {
+           if (field.minValue !== undefined) {
+             num = Math.max(num, field.minValue);
+           }
 
-               var fixesEnter = fixes.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-fix-item')
-                   .on('click', function(d) {
-                       // not all fixes are actionable
-                       if (!select(this).classed('actionable') || !d.onClick) return;
+           if (field.maxValue !== undefined) {
+             num = Math.min(num, field.maxValue);
+           }
 
-                       // Don't run another fix for this issue within a second of running one
-                       // (Necessary for "Select a feature type" fix. Most fixes should only ever run once)
-                       if (d.issue.dateLastRanFix && new Date() - d.issue.dateLastRanFix < 1000) return;
-                       d.issue.dateLastRanFix = new Date();
+           return num;
+         }
 
-                       // remove hover-highlighting
-                       utilHighlightEntities(d.issue.entityIds.concat(d.entityIds), false, context);
+         function change(onInput) {
+           return function () {
+             var t = {};
+             var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
+             if (!onInput) val = context.cleanTagValue(val); // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
-                       new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
-                           d.onClick(context, resolve, reject);
-                           if (d.onClick.length <= 1) {
-                               // if the fix doesn't take any completion parameters then consider it resolved
-                               resolve();
-                           }
-                       })
-                       .then(function() {
-                           // revalidate whenever the fix has finished running successfully
-                           context.validator().validate();
-                       });
-                   })
-                   .on('mouseover.highlight', function(d) {
-                       utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, true, context);
-                   })
-                   .on('mouseout.highlight', function(d) {
-                       utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, false, context);
-                   });
+             if (!val && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
 
-               fixesEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'fix-icon')
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       var iconName = d.icon || 'iD-icon-wrench';
-                       if (iconName.startsWith('maki')) {
-                           iconName += '-15';
-                       }
-                       select(this).call(svgIcon('#' + iconName));
-                   });
+             if (!onInput) {
+               if (field.type === 'number' && val) {
+                 var vals = val.split(';');
+                 vals = vals.map(function (v) {
+                   var num = parseFloat(v.trim(), 10);
+                   return isFinite(num) ? clamped(num) : v.trim();
+                 });
+                 val = vals.join(';');
+               }
 
-               fixesEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'fix-message')
-                   .text(function(d) { return d.title; });
-
-               fixesEnter.merge(fixes)
-                   .classed('actionable', function(d) {
-                       return d.onClick;
-                   })
-                   .attr('title', function(d) {
-                       if (d.disabledReason) {
-                           return d.disabledReason;
-                       }
-                       return null;
-                   });
-           }
+               utilGetSetValue(input, val);
+             }
 
-           section.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-               if (!_entityIDs || !val || !utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) {
-                   _entityIDs = val;
-                   _activeIssueID = null;
-                   reloadIssues();
-               }
-               return section;
+             t[field.key] = val || undefined;
+             dispatch.call('change', this, t, onInput);
            };
+         }
 
-           return section;
-       }
-
-       function uiPresetIcon() {
-         let _preset;
-         let _geometry;
-         let _sizeClass = 'medium';
+         i.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return i;
+         };
 
+         i.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
+           var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
+           utilGetSetValue(input, !isMixed && tags[field.key] ? tags[field.key] : '').attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : undefined).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : field.placeholder() || _t('inspector.unknown')).classed('mixed', isMixed);
+           if (field.key.split(':').includes('colour')) updateColourPreview();
 
-         function isSmall() {
-           return _sizeClass === 'small';
-         }
+           if (outlinkButton && !outlinkButton.empty()) {
+             var disabled = !validIdentifierValueForLink();
+             outlinkButton.classed('disabled', disabled);
+           }
+         };
 
+         i.focus = function () {
+           var node = input.node();
+           if (node) node.focus();
+         };
 
-         function presetIcon(selection) {
-           selection.each(render);
+         function combinedEntityExtent() {
+           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
          }
 
+         return utilRebind(i, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-         function getIcon(p, geom) {
-           if (isSmall() && p.isFallback && p.isFallback())
-             return 'iD-icon-' + p.id;
-           else if (p.icon)
-             return p.icon;
-           else if (geom === 'line')
-             return 'iD-other-line';
-           else if (geom === 'vertex')
-             return p.isFallback() ? '' : 'temaki-vertex';
-           else if (isSmall() && geom === 'point')
-             return '';
-           else
-             return 'maki-marker-stroked';
-         }
+       function uiFieldAccess(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var items = select(null);
 
+         var _tags;
 
-         function renderPointBorder(enter) {
-           const w = 40;
-           const h = 40;
+         function access(selection) {
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           var list = wrap.selectAll('ul').data([0]);
+           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'rows').merge(list);
+           items = list.selectAll('li').data(field.keys); // Enter
 
-           enter
-             .append('svg')
-             .attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-point-border')
-             .attr('width', w)
-             .attr('height', h)
-             .attr('viewBox', `0 0 ${w} ${h}`)
-             .append('path')
-             .attr('transform', 'translate(11.5, 8)')
-             .attr('d', 'M 17,8 C 17,13 11,21 8.5,23.5 C 6,21 0,13 0,8 C 0,4 4,-0.5 8.5,-0.5 C 13,-0.5 17,4 17,8 z');
-         }
+           var enter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'labeled-input preset-access-' + d;
+           });
+           enter.append('span').attr('class', 'label preset-label-access').attr('for', function (d) {
+             return 'preset-input-access-' + d;
+           }).html(function (d) {
+             return field.t.html('types.' + d);
+           });
+           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-input-access-wrap').append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'preset-input-access preset-input-access-' + d;
+           }).call(utilNoAuto).each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(uiCombobox(context, 'access-' + d).data(access.options(d)));
+           }); // Update
 
+           items = items.merge(enter);
+           wrap.selectAll('.preset-input-access').on('change', change).on('blur', change);
+         }
 
-         function renderCircleFill(fillEnter) {
-           const w = 60;
-           const h = 60;
-           const d = 40;
+         function change(d3_event, d) {
+           var tag = {};
+           var value = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(select(this))); // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
-           fillEnter
-             .append('svg')
-             .attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-fill-vertex')
-             .attr('width', w)
-             .attr('height', h)
-             .attr('viewBox', `0 0 ${w} ${h}`)
-             .append('circle')
-             .attr('cx', w / 2)
-             .attr('cy', h / 2)
-             .attr('r', d / 2);
+           if (!value && typeof _tags[d] !== 'string') return;
+           tag[d] = value || undefined;
+           dispatch.call('change', this, tag);
          }
 
+         access.options = function (type) {
+           var options = ['no', 'permissive', 'private', 'permit', 'destination', 'customers', 'unknown'];
 
-         function renderSquareFill(fillEnter) {
-           const d = isSmall() ? 40 : 60;
-           const w = d;
-           const h = d;
-           const l = d * 2/3;
-           const c1 = (w-l) / 2;
-           const c2 = c1 + l;
-
-           fillEnter = fillEnter
-             .append('svg')
-             .attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-fill-area')
-             .attr('width', w)
-             .attr('height', h)
-             .attr('viewBox', `0 0 ${w} ${h}`);
+           if (type !== 'access') {
+             options.unshift('yes');
+             options.push('designated');
 
-           ['fill', 'stroke'].forEach(klass => {
-             fillEnter
-               .append('path')
-               .attr('d', `M${c1} ${c1} L${c1} ${c2} L${c2} ${c2} L${c2} ${c1} Z`)
-               .attr('class', `line area ${klass}`);
-           });
+             if (type === 'bicycle') {
+               options.push('dismount');
+             }
+           }
 
-           const rVertex = 2.5;
-           [[c1, c1], [c1, c2], [c2, c2], [c2, c1]].forEach(point => {
-             fillEnter
-               .append('circle')
-               .attr('class', 'vertex')
-               .attr('cx', point[0])
-               .attr('cy', point[1])
-               .attr('r', rVertex);
+           return options.map(function (option) {
+             return {
+               title: field.t('options.' + option + '.description'),
+               value: option
+             };
            });
-
-           if (!isSmall()) {
-             const rMidpoint = 1.25;
-             [[c1, w/2], [c2, w/2], [h/2, c1], [h/2, c2]].forEach(point => {
-               fillEnter
-                 .append('circle')
-                 .attr('class', 'midpoint')
-                 .attr('cx', point[0])
-                 .attr('cy', point[1])
-                 .attr('r', rMidpoint);
-             });
-           }
-         }
-
-
-         function renderLine(lineEnter) {
-           const d = isSmall() ? 40 : 60;
-           // draw the line parametrically
-           const w = d;
-           const h = d;
-           const y = Math.round(d * 0.72);
-           const l = Math.round(d * 0.6);
-           const r = 2.5;
-           const x1 = (w - l) / 2;
-           const x2 = x1 + l;
-
-           lineEnter = lineEnter
-             .append('svg')
-             .attr('class', 'preset-icon-line')
-             .attr('width', w)
-             .attr('height', h)
-             .attr('viewBox', `0 0 ${w} ${h}`);
-
-           ['casing', 'stroke'].forEach(klass => {
-             lineEnter
-               .append('path')
-               .attr('d', `M${x1} ${y} L${x2} ${y}`)
-               .attr('class', `line ${klass}`);
-           });
-
-           [[x1-1, y], [x2+1, y]].forEach(point => {
-             lineEnter
-               .append('circle')
-               .attr('class', 'vertex')
-               .attr('cx', point[0])
-               .attr('cy', point[1])
-               .attr('r', r);
-           });
-         }
-
-
-         function renderRoute(routeEnter) {
-           const d = isSmall() ? 40 : 60;
-           // draw the route parametrically
-           const w = d;
-           const h = d;
-           const y1 = Math.round(d * 0.80);
-           const y2 = Math.round(d * 0.68);
-           const l = Math.round(d * 0.6);
-           const r = 2;
-           const x1 = (w - l) / 2;
-           const x2 = x1 + l / 3;
-           const x3 = x2 + l / 3;
-           const x4 = x3 + l / 3;
-
-           routeEnter = routeEnter
-             .append('svg')
-             .attr('class', 'preset-icon-route')
-             .attr('width', w)
-             .attr('height', h)
-             .attr('viewBox', `0 0 ${w} ${h}`);
-
-           ['casing', 'stroke'].forEach(klass => {
-             routeEnter
-               .append('path')
-               .attr('d', `M${x1} ${y1} L${x2} ${y2}`)
-               .attr('class', `segment0 line ${klass}`);
-             routeEnter
-               .append('path')
-               .attr('d', `M${x2} ${y2} L${x3} ${y1}`)
-               .attr('class', `segment1 line ${klass}`);
-             routeEnter
-               .append('path')
-               .attr('d', `M${x3} ${y1} L${x4} ${y2}`)
-               .attr('class', `segment2 line ${klass}`);
-           });
-
-           [[x1, y1], [x2, y2], [x3, y1], [x4, y2]].forEach(point => {
-             routeEnter
-               .append('circle')
-               .attr('class', 'vertex')
-               .attr('cx', point[0])
-               .attr('cy', point[1])
-               .attr('r', r);
-           });
-         }
-
-
-         // Route icons are drawn with a zigzag annotation underneath:
-         //     o   o
-         //    / \ /
-         //   o   o
-         // This dataset defines the styles that are used to draw the zigzag segments.
-         const routeSegments = {
-           bicycle: ['highway/cycleway', 'highway/cycleway', 'highway/cycleway'],
-           bus: ['highway/unclassified', 'highway/secondary', 'highway/primary'],
-           trolleybus: ['highway/unclassified', 'highway/secondary', 'highway/primary'],
-           detour: ['highway/tertiary', 'highway/residential', 'highway/unclassified'],
-           ferry: ['route/ferry', 'route/ferry', 'route/ferry'],
-           foot: ['highway/footway', 'highway/footway', 'highway/footway'],
-           hiking: ['highway/path', 'highway/path', 'highway/path'],
-           horse: ['highway/bridleway', 'highway/bridleway', 'highway/bridleway'],
-           light_rail: ['railway/light_rail', 'railway/light_rail', 'railway/light_rail'],
-           monorail: ['railway/monorail', 'railway/monorail', 'railway/monorail'],
-           pipeline: ['man_made/pipeline', 'man_made/pipeline', 'man_made/pipeline'],
-           piste: ['piste/downhill', 'piste/hike', 'piste/nordic'],
-           power: ['power/line', 'power/line', 'power/line'],
-           road: ['highway/secondary', 'highway/primary', 'highway/trunk'],
-           subway: ['railway/subway', 'railway/subway', 'railway/subway'],
-           train: ['railway/rail', 'railway/rail', 'railway/rail'],
-           tram: ['railway/tram', 'railway/tram', 'railway/tram'],
-           waterway: ['waterway/stream', 'waterway/stream', 'waterway/stream']
          };
 
+         var placeholdersByHighway = {
+           footway: {
+             foot: 'designated',
+             motor_vehicle: 'no'
+           },
+           steps: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'no',
+             bicycle: 'no',
+             horse: 'no'
+           },
+           pedestrian: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'no'
+           },
+           cycleway: {
+             motor_vehicle: 'no',
+             bicycle: 'designated'
+           },
+           bridleway: {
+             motor_vehicle: 'no',
+             horse: 'designated'
+           },
+           path: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'no',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           motorway: {
+             foot: 'no',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'no',
+             horse: 'no'
+           },
+           trunk: {
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes'
+           },
+           primary: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           secondary: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           tertiary: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           residential: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           unclassified: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           service: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           motorway_link: {
+             foot: 'no',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'no',
+             horse: 'no'
+           },
+           trunk_link: {
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes'
+           },
+           primary_link: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           secondary_link: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           },
+           tertiary_link: {
+             foot: 'yes',
+             motor_vehicle: 'yes',
+             bicycle: 'yes',
+             horse: 'yes'
+           }
+         };
+
+         access.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
+           utilGetSetValue(items.selectAll('.preset-input-access'), function (d) {
+             return typeof tags[d] === 'string' ? tags[d] : '';
+           }).classed('mixed', function (d) {
+             return tags[d] && Array.isArray(tags[d]);
+           }).attr('title', function (d) {
+             return tags[d] && Array.isArray(tags[d]) && tags[d].filter(Boolean).join('\n');
+           }).attr('placeholder', function (d) {
+             if (tags[d] && Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
+               return _t('inspector.multiple_values');
+             }
 
-         function render() {
-           let p = _preset.apply(this, arguments);
-           let geom = _geometry ? _geometry.apply(this, arguments) : null;
-           if (geom === 'relation' && p.tags && ((p.tags.type === 'route' && p.tags.route && routeSegments[p.tags.route]) || p.tags.type === 'waterway')) {
-             geom = 'route';
-           }
-
-           const showThirdPartyIcons = corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons') || 'true';
-           const isFallback = isSmall() && p.isFallback && p.isFallback();
-           const imageURL = (showThirdPartyIcons === 'true') && p.imageURL;
-           const picon = getIcon(p, geom);
-           const isMaki = picon && /^maki-/.test(picon);
-           const isTemaki = picon && /^temaki-/.test(picon);
-           const isFa = picon && /^fa[srb]-/.test(picon);
-           const isTnp = picon && /^tnp-/.test(picon);
-           const isiDIcon = picon && !(isMaki || isTemaki || isFa || isTnp);
-           const isCategory = !p.setTags;
-           const drawPoint = picon && geom === 'point' && isSmall() && !isFallback;
-           const drawVertex = picon !== null && geom === 'vertex' && (!isSmall() || !isFallback);
-           const drawLine = picon && geom === 'line' && !isFallback && !isCategory;
-           const drawArea = picon && geom === 'area' && !isFallback;
-           const drawRoute = picon && geom === 'route';
-           const isFramed = (drawVertex || drawArea || drawLine || drawRoute);
-
-           let tags = !isCategory ? p.setTags({}, geom) : {};
-           for (let k in tags) {
-             if (tags[k] === '*') {
-               tags[k] = 'yes';
+             if (d === 'access') {
+               return 'yes';
              }
-           }
 
-           let tagClasses = svgTagClasses().getClassesString(tags, '');
-           let selection = select(this);
+             if (tags.access && typeof tags.access === 'string') {
+               return tags.access;
+             }
 
-           let container = selection.selectAll('.preset-icon-container')
-             .data([0]);
+             if (tags.highway) {
+               if (typeof tags.highway === 'string') {
+                 if (placeholdersByHighway[tags.highway] && placeholdersByHighway[tags.highway][d]) {
+                   return placeholdersByHighway[tags.highway][d];
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 var impliedAccesses = tags.highway.filter(Boolean).map(function (highwayVal) {
+                   return placeholdersByHighway[highwayVal] && placeholdersByHighway[highwayVal][d];
+                 }).filter(Boolean);
 
-           container = container.enter()
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', `preset-icon-container ${_sizeClass}`)
-             .merge(container);
+                 if (impliedAccesses.length === tags.highway.length && new Set(impliedAccesses).size === 1) {
+                   // if all the highway values have the same implied access for this type then use that
+                   return impliedAccesses[0];
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-           container
-             .classed('showing-img', !!imageURL)
-             .classed('fallback', isFallback);
+             return field.placeholder();
+           });
+         };
 
+         access.focus = function () {
+           items.selectAll('.preset-input-access').node().focus();
+         };
 
-           let pointBorder = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-point-border')
-             .data(drawPoint ? [0] : []);
+         return utilRebind(access, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           pointBorder.exit()
-             .remove();
+       function uiFieldAddress(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
 
-           let pointBorderEnter = pointBorder.enter();
-           renderPointBorder(pointBorderEnter);
-           pointBorder = pointBorderEnter.merge(pointBorder);
+         var _selection = select(null);
 
+         var _wrap = select(null);
 
-           let vertexFill = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-fill-vertex')
-             .data(drawVertex ? [0] : []);
+         var addrField = _mainPresetIndex.field('address'); // needed for placeholder strings
 
-           vertexFill.exit()
-             .remove();
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-           let vertexFillEnter = vertexFill.enter();
-           renderCircleFill(vertexFillEnter);
-           vertexFill = vertexFillEnter.merge(vertexFill);
+         var _tags;
 
+         var _countryCode;
 
-           let fill = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-fill-area')
-             .data(drawArea ? [0] : []);
+         var _addressFormats = [{
+           format: [['housenumber', 'street'], ['city', 'postcode']]
+         }];
+         _mainFileFetcher.get('address_formats').then(function (d) {
+           _addressFormats = d;
 
-           fill.exit()
-             .remove();
+           if (!_selection.empty()) {
+             _selection.call(address);
+           }
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
+         });
 
-           let fillEnter = fill.enter();
-           renderSquareFill(fillEnter);
-           fill = fillEnter.merge(fill);
+         function getNearStreets() {
+           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
+           var l = extent.center();
+           var box = geoExtent(l).padByMeters(200);
+           var streets = context.history().intersects(box).filter(isAddressable).map(function (d) {
+             var loc = context.projection([(extent[0][0] + extent[1][0]) / 2, (extent[0][1] + extent[1][1]) / 2]);
+             var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(d), loc, context.projection);
+             return {
+               title: d.tags.name,
+               value: d.tags.name,
+               dist: choice.distance
+             };
+           }).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a.dist - b.dist;
+           });
+           return utilArrayUniqBy(streets, 'value');
 
-           fill.selectAll('path.stroke')
-             .attr('class', `area stroke ${tagClasses}`);
-           fill.selectAll('path.fill')
-             .attr('class', `area fill ${tagClasses}`);
+           function isAddressable(d) {
+             return d.tags.highway && d.tags.name && d.type === 'way';
+           }
+         }
 
+         function getNearCities() {
+           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
+           var l = extent.center();
+           var box = geoExtent(l).padByMeters(200);
+           var cities = context.history().intersects(box).filter(isAddressable).map(function (d) {
+             return {
+               title: d.tags['addr:city'] || d.tags.name,
+               value: d.tags['addr:city'] || d.tags.name,
+               dist: geoSphericalDistance(d.extent(context.graph()).center(), l)
+             };
+           }).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a.dist - b.dist;
+           });
+           return utilArrayUniqBy(cities, 'value');
 
-           let line = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-line')
-             .data(drawLine ? [0] : []);
+           function isAddressable(d) {
+             if (d.tags.name) {
+               if (d.tags.admin_level === '8' && d.tags.boundary === 'administrative') return true;
+               if (d.tags.border_type === 'city') return true;
+               if (d.tags.place === 'city' || d.tags.place === 'town' || d.tags.place === 'village') return true;
+             }
 
-           line.exit()
-             .remove();
+             if (d.tags['addr:city']) return true;
+             return false;
+           }
+         }
 
-           let lineEnter = line.enter();
-           renderLine(lineEnter);
-           line = lineEnter.merge(line);
+         function getNearValues(key) {
+           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
+           var l = extent.center();
+           var box = geoExtent(l).padByMeters(200);
+           var results = context.history().intersects(box).filter(function hasTag(d) {
+             return _entityIDs.indexOf(d.id) === -1 && d.tags[key];
+           }).map(function (d) {
+             return {
+               title: d.tags[key],
+               value: d.tags[key],
+               dist: geoSphericalDistance(d.extent(context.graph()).center(), l)
+             };
+           }).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a.dist - b.dist;
+           });
+           return utilArrayUniqBy(results, 'value');
+         }
 
-           line.selectAll('path.stroke')
-             .attr('class', `line stroke ${tagClasses}`);
-           line.selectAll('path.casing')
-             .attr('class', `line casing ${tagClasses}`);
+         function updateForCountryCode() {
+           if (!_countryCode) return;
+           var addressFormat;
 
+           for (var i = 0; i < _addressFormats.length; i++) {
+             var format = _addressFormats[i];
 
-           let route = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-route')
-             .data(drawRoute ? [0] : []);
+             if (!format.countryCodes) {
+               addressFormat = format; // choose the default format, keep going
+             } else if (format.countryCodes.indexOf(_countryCode) !== -1) {
+               addressFormat = format; // choose the country format, stop here
 
-           route.exit()
-             .remove();
+               break;
+             }
+           }
 
-           let routeEnter = route.enter();
-           renderRoute(routeEnter);
-           route = routeEnter.merge(route);
+           var dropdowns = addressFormat.dropdowns || ['city', 'county', 'country', 'district', 'hamlet', 'neighbourhood', 'place', 'postcode', 'province', 'quarter', 'state', 'street', 'subdistrict', 'suburb'];
+           var widths = addressFormat.widths || {
+             housenumber: 1 / 3,
+             street: 2 / 3,
+             city: 2 / 3,
+             state: 1 / 4,
+             postcode: 1 / 3
+           };
 
-           if (drawRoute) {
-             let routeType = p.tags.type === 'waterway' ? 'waterway' : p.tags.route;
-             const segmentPresetIDs = routeSegments[routeType];
-             for (let i in segmentPresetIDs) {
-               const segmentPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item(segmentPresetIDs[i]);
-               const segmentTagClasses = svgTagClasses().getClassesString(segmentPreset.tags, '');
-               route.selectAll(`path.stroke.segment${i}`)
-                 .attr('class', `segment${i} line stroke ${segmentTagClasses}`);
-               route.selectAll(`path.casing.segment${i}`)
-                 .attr('class', `segment${i} line casing ${segmentTagClasses}`);
-             }
+           function row(r) {
+             // Normalize widths.
+             var total = r.reduce(function (sum, key) {
+               return sum + (widths[key] || 0.5);
+             }, 0);
+             return r.map(function (key) {
+               return {
+                 id: key,
+                 width: (widths[key] || 0.5) / total
+               };
+             });
            }
 
+           var rows = _wrap.selectAll('.addr-row').data(addressFormat.format, function (d) {
+             return d.toString();
+           });
 
-           let icon = container.selectAll('.preset-icon')
-             .data(picon ? [0] : []);
+           rows.exit().remove();
+           rows.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'addr-row').selectAll('input').data(row).enter().append('input').property('type', 'text').call(updatePlaceholder).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'addr-' + d.id;
+           }).call(utilNoAuto).each(addDropdown).style('width', function (d) {
+             return d.width * 100 + '%';
+           });
 
-           icon.exit()
-             .remove();
+           function addDropdown(d) {
+             if (dropdowns.indexOf(d.id) === -1) return; // not a dropdown
 
-           icon = icon.enter()
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'preset-icon')
-             .call(svgIcon(''))
-             .merge(icon);
+             var nearValues = d.id === 'street' ? getNearStreets : d.id === 'city' ? getNearCities : getNearValues;
+             select(this).call(uiCombobox(context, 'address-' + d.id).minItems(1).caseSensitive(true).fetcher(function (value, callback) {
+               callback(nearValues('addr:' + d.id));
+             }));
+           }
 
-           icon
-             .attr('class', 'preset-icon ' + (geom ? geom + '-geom' : ''))
-             .classed('framed', isFramed)
-             .classed('preset-icon-iD', isiDIcon);
+           _wrap.selectAll('input').on('blur', change()).on('change', change());
 
-           icon.selectAll('svg')
-             .attr('class', 'icon ' + picon + ' ' + (!isiDIcon && geom !== 'line'  ? '' : tagClasses));
+           _wrap.selectAll('input:not(.combobox-input)').on('input', change(true));
 
-           icon.selectAll('use')
-             .attr('href', '#' + picon + (isMaki ? (isSmall() && geom === 'point' ? '-11' : '-15') : ''));
+           if (_tags) updateTags(_tags);
+         }
 
-           let imageIcon = container.selectAll('img.image-icon')
-             .data(imageURL ? [0] : []);
+         function address(selection) {
+           _selection = selection;
+           _wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           _wrap = _wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(_wrap);
+           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
 
-           imageIcon.exit()
-             .remove();
+           if (extent) {
+             var countryCode;
 
-           imageIcon = imageIcon.enter()
-             .append('img')
-             .attr('class', 'image-icon')
-             .on('load', () => container.classed('showing-img', true) )
-             .on('error', () => container.classed('showing-img', false) )
-             .merge(imageIcon);
+             if (context.inIntro()) {
+               // localize the address format for the walkthrough
+               countryCode = _t('intro.graph.countrycode');
+             } else {
+               var center = extent.center();
+               countryCode = iso1A2Code(center);
+             }
 
-           imageIcon
-             .attr('src', imageURL);
+             if (countryCode) {
+               _countryCode = countryCode.toLowerCase();
+               updateForCountryCode();
+             }
+           }
          }
 
+         function change(onInput) {
+           return function () {
+             var tags = {};
 
-         presetIcon.preset = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _preset;
-           _preset = utilFunctor(val);
-           return presetIcon;
-         };
+             _wrap.selectAll('input').each(function (subfield) {
+               var key = field.key + ':' + subfield.id;
+               var value = this.value;
+               if (!onInput) value = context.cleanTagValue(value); // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
+               if (Array.isArray(_tags[key]) && !value) return;
+               tags[key] = value || undefined;
+             });
 
-         presetIcon.geometry = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _geometry;
-           _geometry = utilFunctor(val);
-           return presetIcon;
-         };
+             dispatch.call('change', this, tags, onInput);
+           };
+         }
 
+         function updatePlaceholder(inputSelection) {
+           return inputSelection.attr('placeholder', function (subfield) {
+             if (_tags && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id])) {
+               return _t('inspector.multiple_values');
+             }
 
-         presetIcon.sizeClass = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _sizeClass;
-           _sizeClass = val;
-           return presetIcon;
-         };
+             if (_countryCode) {
+               var localkey = subfield.id + '!' + _countryCode;
+               var tkey = addrField.hasTextForStringId('placeholders.' + localkey) ? localkey : subfield.id;
+               return addrField.t('placeholders.' + tkey);
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-         return presetIcon;
-       }
+         function updateTags(tags) {
+           utilGetSetValue(_wrap.selectAll('input'), function (subfield) {
+             var val = tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id];
+             return typeof val === 'string' ? val : '';
+           }).attr('title', function (subfield) {
+             var val = tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id];
+             return val && Array.isArray(val) ? val.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : undefined;
+           }).classed('mixed', function (subfield) {
+             return Array.isArray(tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id]);
+           }).call(updatePlaceholder);
+         }
 
-       function uiSectionFeatureType(context) {
+         function combinedEntityExtent() {
+           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+         }
 
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('choose');
+         address.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return address;
+         };
 
-           var _entityIDs = [];
-           var _presets = [];
+         address.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
+           updateTags(tags);
+         };
 
-           var _tagReference;
+         address.focus = function () {
+           var node = _wrap.selectAll('input').node();
 
-           var section = uiSection('feature-type', context)
-               .title(_t('inspector.feature_type'))
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+           if (node) node.focus();
+         };
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+         return utilRebind(address, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-               selection.classed('preset-list-item', true);
-               selection.classed('mixed-types', _presets.length > 1);
+       function uiFieldCycleway(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var items = select(null);
+         var wrap = select(null);
 
-               var presetButtonWrap = selection
-                   .selectAll('.preset-list-button-wrap')
-                   .data([0])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'preset-list-button-wrap');
+         var _tags;
 
-               var presetButton = presetButtonWrap
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'preset-list-button preset-reset')
-                   .call(uiTooltip()
-                       .title(_t('inspector.back_tooltip'))
-                       .placement('bottom')
-                   );
+         function cycleway(selection) {
+           function stripcolon(s) {
+             return s.replace(':', '');
+           }
 
-               presetButton.append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'preset-icon-container');
+           wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           var div = wrap.selectAll('ul').data([0]);
+           div = div.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'rows').merge(div);
+           var keys = ['cycleway:left', 'cycleway:right'];
+           items = div.selectAll('li').data(keys);
+           var enter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'labeled-input preset-cycleway-' + stripcolon(d);
+           });
+           enter.append('span').attr('class', 'label preset-label-cycleway').attr('for', function (d) {
+             return 'preset-input-cycleway-' + stripcolon(d);
+           }).html(function (d) {
+             return field.t.html('types.' + d);
+           });
+           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-input-cycleway-wrap').append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'preset-input-cycleway preset-input-' + stripcolon(d);
+           }).call(utilNoAuto).each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(uiCombobox(context, 'cycleway-' + stripcolon(d)).data(cycleway.options(d)));
+           });
+           items = items.merge(enter); // Update
 
-               presetButton
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'label')
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'label-inner');
+           wrap.selectAll('.preset-input-cycleway').on('change', change).on('blur', change);
+         }
 
-               presetButtonWrap.append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'accessory-buttons');
+         function change(d3_event, key) {
+           var newValue = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(select(this))); // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
-               var tagReferenceBodyWrap = selection
-                   .selectAll('.tag-reference-body-wrap')
-                   .data([0]);
+           if (!newValue && (Array.isArray(_tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(_tags[key]))) return;
 
-               tagReferenceBodyWrap = tagReferenceBodyWrap
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'tag-reference-body-wrap')
-                   .merge(tagReferenceBodyWrap);
-
-               // update header
-               if (_tagReference) {
-                   selection.selectAll('.preset-list-button-wrap .accessory-buttons')
-                       .style('display', _presets.length === 1 ? null : 'none')
-                       .call(_tagReference.button);
-
-                   tagReferenceBodyWrap
-                       .style('display', _presets.length === 1 ? null : 'none')
-                       .call(_tagReference.body);
-               }
-
-               selection.selectAll('.preset-reset')
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                        dispatch$1.call('choose', this, _presets);
-                   })
-                   .on('pointerdown pointerup mousedown mouseup', function() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                   });
+           if (newValue === 'none' || newValue === '') {
+             newValue = undefined;
+           }
 
-               var geometries = entityGeometries();
-               selection.select('.preset-list-item button')
-                   .call(uiPresetIcon()
-                       .geometry(_presets.length === 1 ? (geometries.length === 1 && geometries[0]) : null)
-                       .preset(_presets.length === 1 ? _presets[0] : _mainPresetIndex.item('point'))
-                   );
+           var otherKey = key === 'cycleway:left' ? 'cycleway:right' : 'cycleway:left';
+           var otherValue = typeof _tags.cycleway === 'string' ? _tags.cycleway : _tags[otherKey];
 
-               // NOTE: split on en-dash, not a hypen (to avoid conflict with hyphenated names)
-               var names = _presets.length === 1 ? _presets[0].name().split(' – ') : [_t('inspector.multiple_types')];
+           if (otherValue && Array.isArray(otherValue)) {
+             // we must always have an explicit value for comparison
+             otherValue = otherValue[0];
+           }
 
-               var label = selection.select('.label-inner');
-               var nameparts = label.selectAll('.namepart')
-                   .data(names, function(d) { return d; });
+           if (otherValue === 'none' || otherValue === '') {
+             otherValue = undefined;
+           }
 
-               nameparts.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           var tag = {}; // If the left and right tags match, use the cycleway tag to tag both
+           // sides the same way
 
-               nameparts
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'namepart')
-                   .text(function(d) { return d; });
+           if (newValue === otherValue) {
+             tag = {
+               cycleway: newValue,
+               'cycleway:left': undefined,
+               'cycleway:right': undefined
+             };
+           } else {
+             // Always set both left and right as changing one can affect the other
+             tag = {
+               cycleway: undefined
+             };
+             tag[key] = newValue;
+             tag[otherKey] = otherValue;
            }
 
-           section.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-               _entityIDs = val;
-               return section;
-           };
+           dispatch.call('change', this, tag);
+         }
+
+         cycleway.options = function () {
+           return field.options.map(function (option) {
+             return {
+               title: field.t('options.' + option + '.description'),
+               value: option
+             };
+           });
+         };
 
-           section.presets = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _presets;
+         cycleway.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags; // If cycleway is set, use that instead of individual values
 
-               // don't reload the same preset
-               if (!utilArrayIdentical(val, _presets)) {
-                   _presets = val;
+           var commonValue = typeof tags.cycleway === 'string' && tags.cycleway;
+           utilGetSetValue(items.selectAll('.preset-input-cycleway'), function (d) {
+             if (commonValue) return commonValue;
+             return !tags.cycleway && typeof tags[d] === 'string' ? tags[d] : '';
+           }).attr('title', function (d) {
+             if (Array.isArray(tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
+               var vals = [];
 
-                   var geometries = entityGeometries();
-                   if (_presets.length === 1 && geometries.length) {
-                       _tagReference = uiTagReference(_presets[0].reference(geometries[0]))
-                           .showing(false);
-                   }
+               if (Array.isArray(tags.cycleway)) {
+                 vals = vals.concat(tags.cycleway);
                }
 
-               return section;
-           };
+               if (Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
+                 vals = vals.concat(tags[d]);
+               }
 
-           function entityGeometries() {
+               return vals.filter(Boolean).join('\n');
+             }
 
-               var counts = {};
+             return null;
+           }).attr('placeholder', function (d) {
+             if (Array.isArray(tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
+               return _t('inspector.multiple_values');
+             }
 
-               for (var i in _entityIDs) {
-                   var geometry = context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[i]);
-                   if (!counts[geometry]) counts[geometry] = 0;
-                   counts[geometry] += 1;
-               }
+             return field.placeholder();
+           }).classed('mixed', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(tags[d]);
+           });
+         };
 
-               return Object.keys(counts).sort(function(geom1, geom2) {
-                   return counts[geom2] - counts[geom1];
-               });
-           }
+         cycleway.focus = function () {
+           var node = wrap.selectAll('input').node();
+           if (node) node.focus();
+         };
 
-           return utilRebind(section, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return utilRebind(cycleway, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       // This currently only works with the 'restrictions' field
-       // It borrows some code from uiHelp
+       function uiFieldLanes(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var LANE_WIDTH = 40;
+         var LANE_HEIGHT = 200;
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-       function uiFieldHelp(context, fieldName) {
-           var fieldHelp = {};
-           var _inspector = select(null);
-           var _wrap = select(null);
-           var _body = select(null);
-
-           var fieldHelpKeys = {
-               restrictions: [
-                   ['about',[
-                       'about',
-                       'from_via_to',
-                       'maxdist',
-                       'maxvia'
-                   ]],
-                   ['inspecting',[
-                       'about',
-                       'from_shadow',
-                       'allow_shadow',
-                       'restrict_shadow',
-                       'only_shadow',
-                       'restricted',
-                       'only'
-                   ]],
-                   ['modifying',[
-                       'about',
-                       'indicators',
-                       'allow_turn',
-                       'restrict_turn',
-                       'only_turn'
-                   ]],
-                   ['tips',[
-                       'simple',
-                       'simple_example',
-                       'indirect',
-                       'indirect_example',
-                       'indirect_noedit'
-                   ]]
-               ]
-           };
+         function lanes(selection) {
+           var lanesData = context.entity(_entityIDs[0]).lanes();
 
-           var fieldHelpHeadings = {};
+           if (!context.container().select('.inspector-wrap.inspector-hidden').empty() || !selection.node().parentNode) {
+             selection.call(lanes.off);
+             return;
+           }
 
-           var replacements = {
-               distField: _t('restriction.controls.distance'),
-               viaField: _t('restriction.controls.via'),
-               fromShadow: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'pre-text shadow from'),
-               allowShadow: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'pre-text shadow allow'),
-               restrictShadow: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'pre-text shadow restrict'),
-               onlyShadow: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'pre-text shadow only'),
-               allowTurn: icon('#iD-turn-yes', 'pre-text turn'),
-               restrictTurn: icon('#iD-turn-no', 'pre-text turn'),
-               onlyTurn: icon('#iD-turn-only', 'pre-text turn')
-           };
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           var surface = wrap.selectAll('.surface').data([0]);
+           var d = utilGetDimensions(wrap);
+           var freeSpace = d[0] - lanesData.lanes.length * LANE_WIDTH * 1.5 + LANE_WIDTH * 0.5;
+           surface = surface.enter().append('svg').attr('width', d[0]).attr('height', 300).attr('class', 'surface').merge(surface);
+           var lanesSelection = surface.selectAll('.lanes').data([0]);
+           lanesSelection = lanesSelection.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'lanes').merge(lanesSelection);
+           lanesSelection.attr('transform', function () {
+             return 'translate(' + freeSpace / 2 + ', 0)';
+           });
+           var lane = lanesSelection.selectAll('.lane').data(lanesData.lanes);
+           lane.exit().remove();
+           var enter = lane.enter().append('g').attr('class', 'lane');
+           enter.append('g').append('rect').attr('y', 50).attr('width', LANE_WIDTH).attr('height', LANE_HEIGHT);
+           enter.append('g').attr('class', 'forward').append('text').attr('y', 40).attr('x', 14).text('▲');
+           enter.append('g').attr('class', 'bothways').append('text').attr('y', 40).attr('x', 14).text('▲▼');
+           enter.append('g').attr('class', 'backward').append('text').attr('y', 40).attr('x', 14).text('▼');
+           lane = lane.merge(enter);
+           lane.attr('transform', function (d) {
+             return 'translate(' + LANE_WIDTH * d.index * 1.5 + ', 0)';
+           });
+           lane.select('.forward').style('visibility', function (d) {
+             return d.direction === 'forward' ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
+           });
+           lane.select('.bothways').style('visibility', function (d) {
+             return d.direction === 'bothways' ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
+           });
+           lane.select('.backward').style('visibility', function (d) {
+             return d.direction === 'backward' ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
+           });
+         }
 
+         lanes.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           _entityIDs = val;
+         };
 
-           // For each section, squash all the texts into a single markdown document
-           var docs = fieldHelpKeys[fieldName].map(function(key) {
-               var helpkey = 'help.field.' + fieldName + '.' + key[0];
-               var text = key[1].reduce(function(all, part) {
-                   var subkey = helpkey + '.' + part;
-                   var depth = fieldHelpHeadings[subkey];                     // is this subkey a heading?
-                   var hhh = depth ? Array(depth + 1).join('#') + ' ' : '';   // if so, prepend with some ##'s
-                   return all + hhh + _t(subkey, replacements) + '\n\n';
-               }, '');
+         lanes.tags = function () {};
 
-               return {
-                   key: helpkey,
-                   title: _t(helpkey + '.title'),
-                   html: marked_1(text.trim())
-               };
-           });
+         lanes.focus = function () {};
 
+         lanes.off = function () {};
 
-           function show() {
-               updatePosition();
+         return utilRebind(lanes, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
+       uiFieldLanes.supportsMultiselection = false;
 
-               _body
-                   .classed('hide', false)
-                   .style('opacity', '0')
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(200)
-                   .style('opacity', '1');
-           }
+       var _languagesArray = [];
+       function uiFieldLocalized(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change', 'input');
+         var wikipedia = services.wikipedia;
+         var input = select(null);
+         var localizedInputs = select(null);
 
+         var _countryCode;
 
-           function hide() {
-               _body
-                   .classed('hide', true)
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(200)
-                   .style('opacity', '0')
-                   .on('end', function () {
-                       _body.classed('hide', true);
-                   });
-           }
+         var _tags; // A concern here in switching to async data means that _languagesArray will not
+         // be available the first time through, so things like the fetchers and
+         // the language() function will not work immediately.
 
 
-           function clickHelp(index) {
-               var d = docs[index];
-               var tkeys = fieldHelpKeys[fieldName][index][1];
+         _mainFileFetcher.get('languages').then(loadLanguagesArray)["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
+         });
+         var _territoryLanguages = {};
+         _mainFileFetcher.get('territory_languages').then(function (d) {
+           _territoryLanguages = d;
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
+         }); // reuse these combos
 
-               _body.selectAll('.field-help-nav-item')
-                   .classed('active', function(d, i) { return i === index; });
+         var langCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'localized-lang').fetcher(fetchLanguages).minItems(0);
 
-               var content = _body.selectAll('.field-help-content')
-                   .html(d.html);
+         var _selection = select(null);
 
-               // class the paragraphs so we can find and style them
-               content.selectAll('p')
-                   .attr('class', function(d, i) { return tkeys[i]; });
+         var _multilingual = [];
 
-               // insert special content for certain help sections
-               if (d.key === 'help.field.restrictions.inspecting') {
-                   content
-                       .insert('img', 'p.from_shadow')
-                       .attr('class', 'field-help-image cf')
-                       .attr('src', context.imagePath('tr_inspect.gif'));
+         var _buttonTip = uiTooltip().title(_t.html('translate.translate')).placement('left');
 
-               } else if (d.key === 'help.field.restrictions.modifying') {
-                   content
-                       .insert('img', 'p.allow_turn')
-                       .attr('class', 'field-help-image cf')
-                       .attr('src', context.imagePath('tr_modify.gif'));
-               }
-           }
+         var _wikiTitles;
 
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-           fieldHelp.button = function(selection) {
-               if (_body.empty()) return;
+         function loadLanguagesArray(dataLanguages) {
+           if (_languagesArray.length !== 0) return; // some conversion is needed to ensure correct OSM tags are used
 
-               var button = selection.selectAll('.field-help-button')
-                   .data([0]);
+           var replacements = {
+             sr: 'sr-Cyrl',
+             // in OSM, `sr` implies Cyrillic
+             'sr-Cyrl': false // `sr-Cyrl` isn't used in OSM
 
-               // enter/update
-               button.enter()
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'field-help-button')
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-help'))
-                   .merge(button)
-                   .on('click', function () {
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       if (_body.classed('hide')) {
-                           show();
-                       } else {
-                           hide();
-                       }
-                   });
            };
 
+           for (var code in dataLanguages) {
+             if (replacements[code] === false) continue;
+             var metaCode = code;
+             if (replacements[code]) metaCode = replacements[code];
 
-           function updatePosition() {
-               var wrap = _wrap.node();
-               var inspector = _inspector.node();
-               var wRect = wrap.getBoundingClientRect();
-               var iRect = inspector.getBoundingClientRect();
-
-               _body
-                   .style('top', wRect.top + inspector.scrollTop - iRect.top + 'px');
+             _languagesArray.push({
+               localName: _mainLocalizer.languageName(metaCode, {
+                 localOnly: true
+               }),
+               nativeName: dataLanguages[metaCode].nativeName,
+               code: code,
+               label: _mainLocalizer.languageName(metaCode)
+             });
            }
+         }
 
+         function calcLocked() {
+           // Protect name field for suggestion presets that don't display a brand/operator field
+           var isLocked = field.id === 'name' && _entityIDs.length && _entityIDs.some(function (entityID) {
+             var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(entityID);
+             if (!entity) return false; // Features linked to Wikidata are likely important and should be protected
 
-           fieldHelp.body = function(selection) {
-               // This control expects the field to have a form-field-input-wrap div
-               _wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap');
-               if (_wrap.empty()) return;
+             if (entity.tags.wikidata) return true; // Assume the name has already been confirmed if its source has been researched
 
-               // absolute position relative to the inspector, so it "floats" above the fields
-               _inspector = context.container().select('.sidebar .entity-editor-pane .inspector-body');
-               if (_inspector.empty()) return;
+             if (entity.tags['name:etymology:wikidata']) return true; // Lock the `name` if this is a suggestion preset that assigns the name,
+             // and the preset does not display a `brand` or `operator` field.
+             // (For presets like hotels, car dealerships, post offices, the `name` should remain editable)
+             // see also similar logic in `outdated_tags.js`
 
-               _body = _inspector.selectAll('.field-help-body')
-                   .data([0]);
+             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
 
-               var enter = _body.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'field-help-body hide');   // initially hidden
+             if (preset) {
+               var isSuggestion = preset.suggestion;
+               var fields = preset.fields();
+               var showsBrandField = fields.some(function (d) {
+                 return d.id === 'brand';
+               });
+               var showsOperatorField = fields.some(function (d) {
+                 return d.id === 'operator';
+               });
+               var setsName = preset.addTags.name;
+               var setsBrandWikidata = preset.addTags['brand:wikidata'];
+               var setsOperatorWikidata = preset.addTags['operator:wikidata'];
+               return isSuggestion && setsName && (setsBrandWikidata && !showsBrandField || setsOperatorWikidata && !showsOperatorField);
+             }
 
-               var titleEnter = enter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'field-help-title cf');
-
-               titleEnter
-                   .append('h2')
-                   .attr('class', ((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'fr' : 'fl'))
-                   .text(_t('help.field.' + fieldName + '.title'));
-
-               titleEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'fr close')
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       hide();
-                   })
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
-
-               var navEnter = enter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'field-help-nav cf');
+             return false;
+           });
 
-               var titles = docs.map(function(d) { return d.title; });
-               navEnter.selectAll('.field-help-nav-item')
-                   .data(titles)
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'field-help-nav-item')
-                   .text(function(d) { return d; })
-                   .on('click', function(d, i) {
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       clickHelp(i);
-                   });
+           field.locked(isLocked);
+         } // update _multilingual, maintaining the existing order
 
-               enter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'field-help-content');
 
-               _body = _body
-                   .merge(enter);
+         function calcMultilingual(tags) {
+           var existingLangsOrdered = _multilingual.map(function (item) {
+             return item.lang;
+           });
 
-               clickHelp(0);
-           };
+           var existingLangs = new Set(existingLangsOrdered.filter(Boolean));
 
+           for (var k in tags) {
+             var m = k.match(/^(.*):(.*)$/);
 
-           return fieldHelp;
-       }
+             if (m && m[1] === field.key && m[2]) {
+               var item = {
+                 lang: m[2],
+                 value: tags[k]
+               };
 
-       function uiFieldCheck(field, context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-           var options = field.strings && field.strings.options;
-           var values = [];
-           var texts = [];
+               if (existingLangs.has(item.lang)) {
+                 // update the value
+                 _multilingual[existingLangsOrdered.indexOf(item.lang)].value = item.value;
+                 existingLangs["delete"](item.lang);
+               } else {
+                 _multilingual.push(item);
+               }
+             }
+           } // Don't remove items based on deleted tags, since this makes the UI
+           // disappear unexpectedly when clearing values - #8164
 
-           var _tags;
 
-           var input = select(null);
-           var text = select(null);
-           var label = select(null);
-           var reverser = select(null);
+           _multilingual.forEach(function (item) {
+             if (item.lang && existingLangs.has(item.lang)) {
+               item.value = '';
+             }
+           });
+         }
+
+         function localized(selection) {
+           _selection = selection;
+           calcLocked();
+           var isLocked = field.locked();
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]); // enter/update
 
-           var _impliedYes;
-           var _entityIDs = [];
-           var _value;
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           input = wrap.selectAll('.localized-main').data([0]); // enter/update
 
+           input = input.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('id', field.domId).attr('class', 'localized-main').call(utilNoAuto).merge(input);
+           input.classed('disabled', !!isLocked).attr('readonly', isLocked || null).on('input', change(true)).on('blur', change()).on('change', change());
+           var translateButton = wrap.selectAll('.localized-add').data([0]);
+           translateButton = translateButton.enter().append('button').attr('class', 'localized-add form-field-button').attr('aria-label', _t('icons.plus')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus')).merge(translateButton);
+           translateButton.classed('disabled', !!isLocked).call(isLocked ? _buttonTip.destroy : _buttonTip).on('click', addNew);
 
-           if (options) {
-               for (var k in options) {
-                   values.push(k === 'undefined' ? undefined : k);
-                   texts.push(field.t('options.' + k, { 'default': options[k] }));
-               }
-           } else {
-               values = [undefined, 'yes'];
-               texts = [_t('inspector.unknown'), _t('inspector.check.yes')];
-               if (field.type !== 'defaultCheck') {
-                   values.push('no');
-                   texts.push(_t('inspector.check.no'));
-               }
+           if (_tags && !_multilingual.length) {
+             calcMultilingual(_tags);
            }
 
+           localizedInputs = selection.selectAll('.localized-multilingual').data([0]);
+           localizedInputs = localizedInputs.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'localized-multilingual').merge(localizedInputs);
+           localizedInputs.call(renderMultilingual);
+           localizedInputs.selectAll('button, input').classed('disabled', !!isLocked).attr('readonly', isLocked || null);
+           selection.selectAll('.combobox-caret').classed('nope', true);
 
-           // Checks tags to see whether an undefined value is "Assumed to be Yes"
-           function checkImpliedYes() {
-               _impliedYes = (field.id === 'oneway_yes');
+           function addNew(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             if (field.locked()) return;
+             var defaultLang = _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase();
 
-               // hack: pretend `oneway` field is a `oneway_yes` field
-               // where implied oneway tag exists (e.g. `junction=roundabout`) #2220, #1841
-               if (field.id === 'oneway') {
-                   var entity = context.entity(_entityIDs[0]);
-                   for (var key in entity.tags) {
-                       if (key in osmOneWayTags && (entity.tags[key] in osmOneWayTags[key])) {
-                           _impliedYes = true;
-                           texts[0] = _t('presets.fields.oneway_yes.options.undefined');
-                           break;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
-           }
+             var langExists = _multilingual.find(function (datum) {
+               return datum.lang === defaultLang;
+             });
 
+             var isLangEn = defaultLang.indexOf('en') > -1;
 
-           function reverserHidden() {
-               if (!context.container().select('div.inspector-hover').empty()) return true;
-               return !(_value === 'yes' || (_impliedYes && !_value));
-           }
+             if (isLangEn || langExists) {
+               defaultLang = '';
+               langExists = _multilingual.find(function (datum) {
+                 return datum.lang === defaultLang;
+               });
+             }
 
+             if (!langExists) {
+               // prepend the value so it appears at the top
+               _multilingual.unshift({
+                 lang: defaultLang,
+                 value: ''
+               });
 
-           function reverserSetText(selection) {
-               var entity = _entityIDs.length && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
-               if (reverserHidden() || !entity) return selection;
+               localizedInputs.call(renderMultilingual);
+             }
+           }
 
-               var first = entity.first();
-               var last = entity.isClosed() ? entity.nodes[entity.nodes.length - 2] : entity.last();
-               var pseudoDirection = first < last;
-               var icon = pseudoDirection ? '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-backward';
+           function change(onInput) {
+             return function (d3_event) {
+               if (field.locked()) {
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+                 return;
+               }
 
-               selection.selectAll('.reverser-span')
-                   .text(_t('inspector.check.reverser'))
-                   .call(svgIcon(icon, 'inline'));
+               var val = utilGetSetValue(select(this));
+               if (!onInput) val = context.cleanTagValue(val); // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
-               return selection;
+               if (!val && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
+               var t = {};
+               t[field.key] = val || undefined;
+               dispatch.call('change', this, t, onInput);
+             };
            }
+         }
+
+         function key(lang) {
+           return field.key + ':' + lang;
+         }
 
+         function changeLang(d3_event, d) {
+           var tags = {}; // make sure unrecognized suffixes are lowercase - #7156
 
-           var check = function(selection) {
-               checkImpliedYes();
+           var lang = utilGetSetValue(select(this)).toLowerCase();
 
-               label = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
-                   .data([0]);
+           var language = _languagesArray.find(function (d) {
+             return d.label.toLowerCase() === lang || d.localName && d.localName.toLowerCase() === lang || d.nativeName && d.nativeName.toLowerCase() === lang;
+           });
 
-               var enter = label.enter()
-                   .append('label')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-check');
+           if (language) lang = language.code;
 
-               enter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .property('indeterminate', field.type !== 'defaultCheck')
-                   .attr('type', 'checkbox')
-                   .attr('id', field.domId);
+           if (d.lang && d.lang !== lang) {
+             tags[key(d.lang)] = undefined;
+           }
 
-               enter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(texts[0])
-                   .attr('class', 'value');
+           var newKey = lang && context.cleanTagKey(key(lang));
+           var value = utilGetSetValue(select(this.parentNode).selectAll('.localized-value'));
 
-               if (field.type === 'onewayCheck') {
-                   enter
-                       .append('a')
-                       .attr('class', 'reverser button' + (reverserHidden() ? ' hide' : ''))
-                       .attr('href', '#')
-                       .append('span')
-                       .attr('class', 'reverser-span');
-               }
+           if (newKey && value) {
+             tags[newKey] = value;
+           } else if (newKey && _wikiTitles && _wikiTitles[d.lang]) {
+             tags[newKey] = _wikiTitles[d.lang];
+           }
 
-               label = label.merge(enter);
-               input = label.selectAll('input');
-               text = label.selectAll('span.value');
+           d.lang = lang;
+           dispatch.call('change', this, tags);
+         }
 
-               input
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                       var t = {};
+         function changeValue(d3_event, d) {
+           if (!d.lang) return;
+           var value = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(select(this))) || undefined; // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
-                       if (Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) {
-                           if (values.indexOf('yes') !== -1) {
-                               t[field.key] = 'yes';
-                           } else {
-                               t[field.key] = values[0];
-                           }
-                       } else {
-                           t[field.key] = values[(values.indexOf(_value) + 1) % values.length];
-                       }
+           if (!value && Array.isArray(d.value)) return;
+           var t = {};
+           t[key(d.lang)] = value;
+           d.value = value;
+           dispatch.call('change', this, t);
+         }
 
-                       // Don't cycle through `alternating` or `reversible` states - #4970
-                       // (They are supported as translated strings, but should not toggle with clicks)
-                       if (t[field.key] === 'reversible' || t[field.key] === 'alternating') {
-                           t[field.key] = values[0];
-                       }
+         function fetchLanguages(value, cb) {
+           var v = value.toLowerCase(); // show the user's language first
 
-                       dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
-                   });
+           var langCodes = [_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), _mainLocalizer.languageCode()];
 
-               if (field.type === 'onewayCheck') {
-                   reverser = label.selectAll('.reverser');
-
-                   reverser
-                       .call(reverserSetText)
-                       .on('click', function() {
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                           event.stopPropagation();
-                           context.perform(
-                               function(graph) {
-                                   for (var i in _entityIDs) {
-                                       graph = actionReverse(_entityIDs[i])(graph);
-                                   }
-                                   return graph;
-                               },
-                               _t('operations.reverse.annotation')
-                           );
-
-                           // must manually revalidate since no 'change' event was called
-                           context.validator().validate();
+           if (_countryCode && _territoryLanguages[_countryCode]) {
+             langCodes = langCodes.concat(_territoryLanguages[_countryCode]);
+           }
 
-                           select(this)
-                               .call(reverserSetText);
-                       });
+           var langItems = [];
+           langCodes.forEach(function (code) {
+             var langItem = _languagesArray.find(function (item) {
+               return item.code === code;
+             });
+
+             if (langItem) langItems.push(langItem);
+           });
+           langItems = utilArrayUniq(langItems.concat(_languagesArray));
+           cb(langItems.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.label.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 || d.localName && d.localName.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 || d.nativeName && d.nativeName.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 || d.code.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0;
+           }).map(function (d) {
+             return {
+               value: d.label
+             };
+           }));
+         }
+
+         function renderMultilingual(selection) {
+           var entries = selection.selectAll('div.entry').data(_multilingual, function (d) {
+             return d.lang;
+           });
+           entries.exit().style('top', '0').style('max-height', '240px').transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '0').style('max-height', '0px').remove();
+           var entriesEnter = entries.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'entry').each(function (_, index) {
+             var wrap = select(this);
+             var domId = utilUniqueDomId(index);
+             var label = wrap.append('label').attr('class', 'field-label').attr('for', domId);
+             var text = label.append('span').attr('class', 'label-text');
+             text.append('span').attr('class', 'label-textvalue').call(_t.append('translate.localized_translation_label'));
+             text.append('span').attr('class', 'label-textannotation');
+             label.append('button').attr('class', 'remove-icon-multilingual').attr('title', _t('icons.remove')).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+               if (field.locked()) return;
+               d3_event.preventDefault(); // remove the UI item manually
+
+               _multilingual.splice(_multilingual.indexOf(d), 1);
+
+               var langKey = d.lang && key(d.lang);
+
+               if (langKey && langKey in _tags) {
+                 delete _tags[langKey]; // remove from entity tags
+
+                 var t = {};
+                 t[langKey] = undefined;
+                 dispatch.call('change', this, t);
+                 return;
                }
-           };
 
+               renderMultilingual(selection);
+             }).call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));
+             wrap.append('input').attr('class', 'localized-lang').attr('id', domId).attr('type', 'text').attr('placeholder', _t('translate.localized_translation_language')).on('blur', changeLang).on('change', changeLang).call(langCombo);
+             wrap.append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'localized-value').on('blur', changeValue).on('change', changeValue);
+           });
+           entriesEnter.style('margin-top', '0px').style('max-height', '0px').style('opacity', '0').transition().duration(200).style('margin-top', '10px').style('max-height', '240px').style('opacity', '1').on('end', function () {
+             select(this).style('max-height', '').style('overflow', 'visible');
+           });
+           entries = entries.merge(entriesEnter);
+           entries.order(); // allow removing the entry UIs even if there isn't a tag to remove
 
-           check.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-               _entityIDs = val;
-               return check;
-           };
+           entries.classed('present', true);
+           utilGetSetValue(entries.select('.localized-lang'), function (d) {
+             var langItem = _languagesArray.find(function (item) {
+               return item.code === d.lang;
+             });
 
+             if (langItem) return langItem.label;
+             return d.lang;
+           });
+           utilGetSetValue(entries.select('.localized-value'), function (d) {
+             return typeof d.value === 'string' ? d.value : '';
+           }).attr('title', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(d.value) ? d.value.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null;
+           }).attr('placeholder', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(d.value) ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : _t('translate.localized_translation_name');
+           }).classed('mixed', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(d.value);
+           });
+         }
 
-           check.tags = function(tags) {
+         localized.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags; // Fetch translations from wikipedia
 
-               _tags = tags;
+           if (typeof tags.wikipedia === 'string' && !_wikiTitles) {
+             _wikiTitles = {};
+             var wm = tags.wikipedia.match(/([^:]+):(.+)/);
 
-               function isChecked(val) {
-                   return val !== 'no' && val !== '' && val !== undefined && val !== null;
-               }
+             if (wm && wm[0] && wm[1]) {
+               wikipedia.translations(wm[1], wm[2], function (err, d) {
+                 if (err || !d) return;
+                 _wikiTitles = d;
+               });
+             }
+           }
 
-               function textFor(val) {
-                   if (val === '') val = undefined;
-                   var index = values.indexOf(val);
-                   return (index !== -1 ? texts[index] : ('"' + val + '"'));
-               }
+           var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
+           utilGetSetValue(input, typeof tags[field.key] === 'string' ? tags[field.key] : '').attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : undefined).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : field.placeholder()).classed('mixed', isMixed);
+           calcMultilingual(tags);
 
-               checkImpliedYes();
+           _selection.call(localized);
+         };
 
-               var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
+         localized.focus = function () {
+           input.node().focus();
+         };
 
-               _value = !isMixed && tags[field.key] && tags[field.key].toLowerCase();
+         localized.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           _multilingual = [];
+           loadCountryCode();
+           return localized;
+         };
 
-               if (field.type === 'onewayCheck' && (_value === '1' || _value === '-1')) {
-                   _value = 'yes';
-               }
+         function loadCountryCode() {
+           var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
+           var countryCode = extent && iso1A2Code(extent.center());
+           _countryCode = countryCode && countryCode.toLowerCase();
+         }
 
-               input
-                   .property('indeterminate', isMixed || (field.type !== 'defaultCheck' && !_value))
-                   .property('checked', isChecked(_value));
+         function combinedEntityExtent() {
+           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+         }
 
-               text
-                   .text(isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : textFor(_value))
-                   .classed('mixed', isMixed);
+         return utilRebind(localized, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-               label
-                   .classed('set', !!_value);
+       function uiFieldRoadheight(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var primaryUnitInput = select(null);
+         var primaryInput = select(null);
+         var secondaryInput = select(null);
+         var secondaryUnitInput = select(null);
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-               if (field.type === 'onewayCheck') {
-                   reverser
-                       .classed('hide', reverserHidden())
-                       .call(reverserSetText);
-               }
-           };
+         var _tags;
 
+         var _isImperial;
 
-           check.focus = function() {
-               input.node().focus();
-           };
+         var primaryUnits = [{
+           value: 'm',
+           title: _t('inspector.roadheight.meter')
+         }, {
+           value: 'ft',
+           title: _t('inspector.roadheight.foot')
+         }];
+         var unitCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'roadheight-unit').data(primaryUnits);
+
+         function roadheight(selection) {
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           primaryInput = wrap.selectAll('input.roadheight-number').data([0]);
+           primaryInput = primaryInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'roadheight-number').attr('id', field.domId).call(utilNoAuto).merge(primaryInput);
+           primaryInput.on('change', change).on('blur', change);
+           var loc = combinedEntityExtent().center();
+           _isImperial = roadHeightUnit(loc) === 'ft';
+           primaryUnitInput = wrap.selectAll('input.roadheight-unit').data([0]);
+           primaryUnitInput = primaryUnitInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'roadheight-unit').call(unitCombo).merge(primaryUnitInput);
+           primaryUnitInput.on('blur', changeUnits).on('change', changeUnits);
+           secondaryInput = wrap.selectAll('input.roadheight-secondary-number').data([0]);
+           secondaryInput = secondaryInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'roadheight-secondary-number').call(utilNoAuto).merge(secondaryInput);
+           secondaryInput.on('change', change).on('blur', change);
+           secondaryUnitInput = wrap.selectAll('input.roadheight-secondary-unit').data([0]);
+           secondaryUnitInput = secondaryUnitInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').call(utilNoAuto).classed('disabled', true).classed('roadheight-secondary-unit', true).attr('readonly', 'readonly').merge(secondaryUnitInput);
+
+           function changeUnits() {
+             _isImperial = utilGetSetValue(primaryUnitInput) === 'ft';
+             utilGetSetValue(primaryUnitInput, _isImperial ? 'ft' : 'm');
+             setUnitSuggestions();
+             change();
+           }
+         }
+
+         function setUnitSuggestions() {
+           utilGetSetValue(primaryUnitInput, _isImperial ? 'ft' : 'm');
+         }
+
+         function change() {
+           var tag = {};
+           var primaryValue = utilGetSetValue(primaryInput).trim();
+           var secondaryValue = utilGetSetValue(secondaryInput).trim(); // don't override multiple values with blank string
+
+           if (!primaryValue && !secondaryValue && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
+
+           if (!primaryValue && !secondaryValue) {
+             tag[field.key] = undefined;
+           } else if (isNaN(primaryValue) || isNaN(secondaryValue) || !_isImperial) {
+             tag[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(primaryValue);
+           } else {
+             if (primaryValue !== '') {
+               primaryValue = context.cleanTagValue(primaryValue + '\'');
+             }
 
-           return utilRebind(check, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+             if (secondaryValue !== '') {
+               secondaryValue = context.cleanTagValue(secondaryValue + '"');
+             }
 
-       function uiFieldCombo(field, context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-           var taginfo = services.taginfo;
-           var isMulti = (field.type === 'multiCombo');
-           var isNetwork = (field.type === 'networkCombo');
-           var isSemi = (field.type === 'semiCombo');
-           var optstrings = field.strings && field.strings.options;
-           var optarray = field.options;
-           var snake_case = (field.snake_case || (field.snake_case === undefined));
-           var caseSensitive = field.caseSensitive;
-           var combobox = uiCombobox(context, 'combo-' + field.safeid)
-               .caseSensitive(caseSensitive)
-               .minItems(isMulti || isSemi ? 1 : 2);
-           var container = select(null);
-           var inputWrap = select(null);
-           var input = select(null);
-           var _comboData = [];
-           var _multiData = [];
-           var _entityIDs = [];
-           var _tags;
-           var _countryCode;
-           var _staticPlaceholder;
-
-           // initialize deprecated tags array
-           var _dataDeprecated = [];
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('deprecated')
-               .then(function(d) { _dataDeprecated = d; })
-               .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });
-
-
-           // ensure multiCombo field.key ends with a ':'
-           if (isMulti && /[^:]$/.test(field.key)) {
-               field.key += ':';
-           }
-
-
-           function snake(s) {
-               return s.replace(/\s+/g, '_');
-           }
-
-           function unsnake(s) {
-               return s.replace(/_+/g, ' ');
-           }
-
-           function clean(s) {
-               return s.split(';')
-                   .map(function(s) { return s.trim(); })
-                   .join(';');
+             tag[field.key] = primaryValue + secondaryValue;
            }
 
+           dispatch.call('change', this, tag);
+         }
 
-           // returns the tag value for a display value
-           // (for multiCombo, dval should be the key suffix, not the entire key)
-           function tagValue(dval) {
-               dval = clean(dval || '');
+         roadheight.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
+           var primaryValue = tags[field.key];
+           var secondaryValue;
+           var isMixed = Array.isArray(primaryValue);
 
-               if (optstrings) {
-                   var found = _comboData.find(function(o) {
-                       return o.key && clean(o.value) === dval;
-                   });
-                   if (found) {
-                       return found.key;
-                   }
+           if (!isMixed) {
+             if (primaryValue && (primaryValue.indexOf('\'') >= 0 || primaryValue.indexOf('"') >= 0)) {
+               secondaryValue = primaryValue.match(/(-?[\d.]+)"/);
+
+               if (secondaryValue !== null) {
+                 secondaryValue = secondaryValue[1];
                }
 
-               if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && !dval) {
-                   return 'yes';
+               primaryValue = primaryValue.match(/(-?[\d.]+)'/);
+
+               if (primaryValue !== null) {
+                 primaryValue = primaryValue[1];
                }
 
-               return (snake_case ? snake(dval) : dval) || undefined;
+               _isImperial = true;
+             } else if (primaryValue) {
+               _isImperial = false;
+             }
            }
 
+           setUnitSuggestions();
+           utilGetSetValue(primaryInput, typeof primaryValue === 'string' ? primaryValue : '').attr('title', isMixed ? primaryValue.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : _t('inspector.unknown')).classed('mixed', isMixed);
+           utilGetSetValue(secondaryInput, typeof secondaryValue === 'string' ? secondaryValue : '').attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : _isImperial ? '0' : null).classed('mixed', isMixed).classed('disabled', !_isImperial).attr('readonly', _isImperial ? null : 'readonly');
+           secondaryUnitInput.attr('value', _isImperial ? _t('inspector.roadheight.inch') : null);
+         };
 
-           // returns the display value for a tag value
-           // (for multiCombo, tval should be the key suffix, not the entire key)
-           function displayValue(tval) {
-               tval = tval || '';
+         roadheight.focus = function () {
+           primaryInput.node().focus();
+         };
 
-               if (optstrings) {
-                   var found = _comboData.find(function(o) {
-                       return o.key === tval && o.value;
-                   });
-                   if (found) {
-                       return found.value;
-                   }
-               }
+         roadheight.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           _entityIDs = val;
+         };
 
-               if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && tval.toLowerCase() === 'yes') {
-                   return '';
-               }
+         function combinedEntityExtent() {
+           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+         }
 
-               return snake_case ? unsnake(tval) : tval;
-           }
+         return utilRebind(roadheight, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
+       function uiFieldRoadspeed(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var unitInput = select(null);
+         var input = select(null);
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-           // Compute the difference between arrays of objects by `value` property
-           //
-           // objectDifference([{value:1}, {value:2}, {value:3}], [{value:2}])
-           // > [{value:1}, {value:3}]
-           //
-           function objectDifference(a, b) {
-               return a.filter(function(d1) {
-                   return !b.some(function(d2) {
-                       return !d2.isMixed && d1.value === d2.value;
-                   });
-               });
-           }
+         var _tags;
 
+         var _isImperial;
 
-           function initCombo(selection, attachTo) {
-               if (optstrings) {
-                   selection.attr('readonly', 'readonly');
-                   selection.call(combobox, attachTo);
-                   setStaticValues(setPlaceholder);
+         var speedCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'roadspeed');
+         var unitCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'roadspeed-unit').data(['km/h', 'mph'].map(comboValues));
+         var metricValues = [20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120];
+         var imperialValues = [5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80];
 
-               } else if (optarray) {
-                   selection.call(combobox, attachTo);
-                   setStaticValues(setPlaceholder);
+         function roadspeed(selection) {
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           input = wrap.selectAll('input.roadspeed-number').data([0]);
+           input = input.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'roadspeed-number').attr('id', field.domId).call(utilNoAuto).call(speedCombo).merge(input);
+           input.on('change', change).on('blur', change);
+           var loc = combinedEntityExtent().center();
+           _isImperial = roadSpeedUnit(loc) === 'mph';
+           unitInput = wrap.selectAll('input.roadspeed-unit').data([0]);
+           unitInput = unitInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'roadspeed-unit').attr('aria-label', _t('inspector.speed_unit')).call(unitCombo).merge(unitInput);
+           unitInput.on('blur', changeUnits).on('change', changeUnits);
 
-               } else if (taginfo) {
-                   selection.call(combobox.fetcher(setTaginfoValues), attachTo);
-                   setTaginfoValues('', setPlaceholder);
-               }
+           function changeUnits() {
+             _isImperial = utilGetSetValue(unitInput) === 'mph';
+             utilGetSetValue(unitInput, _isImperial ? 'mph' : 'km/h');
+             setUnitSuggestions();
+             change();
            }
+         }
 
+         function setUnitSuggestions() {
+           speedCombo.data((_isImperial ? imperialValues : metricValues).map(comboValues));
+           utilGetSetValue(unitInput, _isImperial ? 'mph' : 'km/h');
+         }
 
-           function setStaticValues(callback) {
-               if (!(optstrings || optarray)) return;
+         function comboValues(d) {
+           return {
+             value: d.toString(),
+             title: d.toString()
+           };
+         }
 
-               if (optstrings) {
-                   _comboData = Object.keys(optstrings).map(function(k) {
-                       var v = field.t('options.' + k, { 'default': optstrings[k] });
-                       return {
-                           key: k,
-                           value: v,
-                           title: v
-                       };
-                   });
+         function change() {
+           var tag = {};
+           var value = utilGetSetValue(input).trim(); // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
-               } else if (optarray) {
-                   _comboData = optarray.map(function(k) {
-                       var v = snake_case ? unsnake(k) : k;
-                       return {
-                           key: k,
-                           value: v,
-                           title: v
-                       };
-                   });
-               }
+           if (!value && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
 
-               combobox.data(objectDifference(_comboData, _multiData));
-               if (callback) callback(_comboData);
+           if (!value) {
+             tag[field.key] = undefined;
+           } else if (isNaN(value) || !_isImperial) {
+             tag[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(value);
+           } else {
+             tag[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(value + ' mph');
            }
 
+           dispatch.call('change', this, tag);
+         }
 
-           function setTaginfoValues(q, callback) {
-               var fn = isMulti ? 'multikeys' : 'values';
-               var query = (isMulti ? field.key : '') + q;
-               var hasCountryPrefix = isNetwork && _countryCode && _countryCode.indexOf(q.toLowerCase()) === 0;
-               if (hasCountryPrefix) {
-                   query = _countryCode + ':';
-               }
+         roadspeed.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
+           var value = tags[field.key];
+           var isMixed = Array.isArray(value);
 
-               var params = {
-                   debounce: (q !== ''),
-                   key: field.key,
-                   query: query
-               };
+           if (!isMixed) {
+             if (value && value.indexOf('mph') >= 0) {
+               value = parseInt(value, 10).toString();
+               _isImperial = true;
+             } else if (value) {
+               _isImperial = false;
+             }
+           }
 
-               if (_entityIDs.length) {
-                   params.geometry = context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[0]);
-               }
+           setUnitSuggestions();
+           utilGetSetValue(input, typeof value === 'string' ? value : '').attr('title', isMixed ? value.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : field.placeholder()).classed('mixed', isMixed);
+         };
 
-               taginfo[fn](params, function(err, data) {
-                   if (err) return;
+         roadspeed.focus = function () {
+           input.node().focus();
+         };
 
-                   data = data.filter(function(d) {
+         roadspeed.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           _entityIDs = val;
+         };
 
-                       if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && d.value === 'yes') {
-                           // don't show the fallback value
-                           return false;
-                       }
+         function combinedEntityExtent() {
+           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+         }
 
-                       // don't show values with very low usage
-                       return !d.count || d.count > 10;
-                   });
+         return utilRebind(roadspeed, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-                   var deprecatedValues = osmEntity.deprecatedTagValuesByKey(_dataDeprecated)[field.key];
-                   if (deprecatedValues) {
-                       // don't suggest deprecated tag values
-                       data = data.filter(function(d) {
-                           return deprecatedValues.indexOf(d.value) === -1;
-                       });
-                   }
+       function uiFieldRadio(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var placeholder = select(null);
+         var wrap = select(null);
+         var labels = select(null);
+         var radios = select(null);
+         var radioData = (field.options || field.keys).slice(); // shallow copy
+
+         var typeField;
+         var layerField;
+         var _oldType = {};
+         var _entityIDs = [];
+
+         function selectedKey() {
+           var node = wrap.selectAll('.form-field-input-radio label.active input');
+           return !node.empty() && node.datum();
+         }
+
+         function radio(selection) {
+           selection.classed('preset-radio', true);
+           wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           var enter = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-radio');
+           enter.append('span').attr('class', 'placeholder');
+           wrap = wrap.merge(enter);
+           placeholder = wrap.selectAll('.placeholder');
+           labels = wrap.selectAll('label').data(radioData);
+           enter = labels.enter().append('label');
+           enter.append('input').attr('type', 'radio').attr('name', field.id).attr('value', function (d) {
+             return field.t('options.' + d, {
+               'default': d
+             });
+           }).attr('checked', false);
+           enter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return field.t.html('options.' + d, {
+               'default': d
+             });
+           });
+           labels = labels.merge(enter);
+           radios = labels.selectAll('input').on('change', changeRadio);
+         }
 
-                   if (hasCountryPrefix) {
-                       data = data.filter(function(d) {
-                           return d.value.toLowerCase().indexOf(_countryCode + ':') === 0;
-                       });
-                   }
+         function structureExtras(selection, tags) {
+           var selected = selectedKey() || tags.layer !== undefined;
+           var type = _mainPresetIndex.field(selected);
+           var layer = _mainPresetIndex.field('layer');
+           var showLayer = selected === 'bridge' || selected === 'tunnel' || tags.layer !== undefined;
+           var extrasWrap = selection.selectAll('.structure-extras-wrap').data(selected ? [0] : []);
+           extrasWrap.exit().remove();
+           extrasWrap = extrasWrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'structure-extras-wrap').merge(extrasWrap);
+           var list = extrasWrap.selectAll('ul').data([0]);
+           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'rows').merge(list); // Type
 
-                   // hide the caret if there are no suggestions
-                   container.classed('empty-combobox', data.length === 0);
-
-                   _comboData = data.map(function(d) {
-                       var k = d.value;
-                       if (isMulti) k = k.replace(field.key, '');
-                       var v = snake_case ? unsnake(k) : k;
-                       return {
-                           key: k,
-                           value: v,
-                           title: isMulti ? v : d.title
-                       };
-                   });
+           if (type) {
+             if (!typeField || typeField.id !== selected) {
+               typeField = uiField(context, type, _entityIDs, {
+                 wrap: false
+               }).on('change', changeType);
+             }
 
-                   _comboData = objectDifference(_comboData, _multiData);
-                   if (callback) callback(_comboData);
-               });
+             typeField.tags(tags);
+           } else {
+             typeField = null;
            }
 
+           var typeItem = list.selectAll('.structure-type-item').data(typeField ? [typeField] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // Exit
 
-           function setPlaceholder(values) {
+           typeItem.exit().remove(); // Enter
 
-               if (isMulti || isSemi) {
-                   _staticPlaceholder = field.placeholder() || _t('inspector.add');
-               } else {
-                   var vals = values
-                       .map(function(d) { return d.value; })
-                       .filter(function(s) { return s.length < 20; });
+           var typeEnter = typeItem.enter().insert('li', ':first-child').attr('class', 'labeled-input structure-type-item');
+           typeEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label structure-label-type').attr('for', 'preset-input-' + selected).call(_t.append('inspector.radio.structure.type'));
+           typeEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'structure-input-type-wrap'); // Update
 
-                   var placeholders = vals.length > 1 ? vals : values.map(function(d) { return d.key; });
-                   _staticPlaceholder = field.placeholder() || placeholders.slice(0, 3).join(', ');
-               }
+           typeItem = typeItem.merge(typeEnter);
 
-               if (!/(…|\.\.\.)$/.test(_staticPlaceholder)) {
-                   _staticPlaceholder += '…';
-               }
+           if (typeField) {
+             typeItem.selectAll('.structure-input-type-wrap').call(typeField.render);
+           } // Layer
 
-               var ph;
-               if (!isMulti && !isSemi && _tags && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) {
-                   ph = _t('inspector.multiple_values');
-               } else {
-                   ph =  _staticPlaceholder;
-               }
 
-               container.selectAll('input')
-                   .attr('placeholder', ph);
-           }
+           if (layer && showLayer) {
+             if (!layerField) {
+               layerField = uiField(context, layer, _entityIDs, {
+                 wrap: false
+               }).on('change', changeLayer);
+             }
 
+             layerField.tags(tags);
+             field.keys = utilArrayUnion(field.keys, ['layer']);
+           } else {
+             layerField = null;
+             field.keys = field.keys.filter(function (k) {
+               return k !== 'layer';
+             });
+           }
 
-           function change() {
-               var t = {};
-               var val;
-
-               if (isMulti || isSemi) {
-                   val = tagValue(utilGetSetValue(input).replace(/,/g, ';')) || '';
-                   container.classed('active', false);
-                   utilGetSetValue(input, '');
-
-                   var vals = val.split(';').filter(Boolean);
-                   if (!vals.length) return;
-
-                   if (isMulti) {
-                       utilArrayUniq(vals).forEach(function(v) {
-                           var key = field.key + v;
-                           if (_tags) {
-                               // don't set a multicombo value to 'yes' if it already has a non-'no' value
-                               // e.g. `language:de=main`
-                               var old = _tags[key];
-                               if (typeof old === 'string' && old.toLowerCase() !== 'no') return;
-                           }
-                           key = context.cleanTagKey(key);
-                           field.keys.push(key);
-                           t[key] = 'yes';
-                       });
+           var layerItem = list.selectAll('.structure-layer-item').data(layerField ? [layerField] : []); // Exit
 
-                   } else if (isSemi) {
-                       var arr = _multiData.map(function(d) { return d.key; });
-                       arr = arr.concat(vals);
-                       t[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(utilArrayUniq(arr).filter(Boolean).join(';'));
-                   }
+           layerItem.exit().remove(); // Enter
 
-                   window.setTimeout(function() { input.node().focus(); }, 10);
+           var layerEnter = layerItem.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'labeled-input structure-layer-item');
+           layerEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label structure-label-layer').attr('for', 'preset-input-layer').call(_t.append('inspector.radio.structure.layer'));
+           layerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'structure-input-layer-wrap'); // Update
 
-               } else {
-                   var rawValue = utilGetSetValue(input);
+           layerItem = layerItem.merge(layerEnter);
 
-                   // don't override multiple values with blank string
-                   if (!rawValue && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
+           if (layerField) {
+             layerItem.selectAll('.structure-input-layer-wrap').call(layerField.render);
+           }
+         }
 
-                   val = context.cleanTagValue(tagValue(rawValue));
-                   t[field.key] = val || undefined;
-               }
+         function changeType(t, onInput) {
+           var key = selectedKey();
+           if (!key) return;
+           var val = t[key];
 
-               dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
+           if (val !== 'no') {
+             _oldType[key] = val;
            }
 
+           if (field.type === 'structureRadio') {
+             // remove layer if it should not be set
+             if (val === 'no' || key !== 'bridge' && key !== 'tunnel' || key === 'tunnel' && val === 'building_passage') {
+               t.layer = undefined;
+             } // add layer if it should be set
 
-           function removeMultikey(d) {
-               event.stopPropagation();
-               var t = {};
-               if (isMulti) {
-                   t[d.key] = undefined;
-               } else if (isSemi) {
-                   var arr = _multiData.map(function(md) {
-                       return md.key === d.key ? null : md.key;
-                   }).filter(Boolean);
 
-                   arr = utilArrayUniq(arr);
-                   t[field.key] = arr.length ? arr.join(';') : undefined;
+             if (t.layer === undefined) {
+               if (key === 'bridge' && val !== 'no') {
+                 t.layer = '1';
+               }
+
+               if (key === 'tunnel' && val !== 'no' && val !== 'building_passage') {
+                 t.layer = '-1';
                }
-               dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
+             }
            }
 
+           dispatch.call('change', this, t, onInput);
+         }
 
-           function combo(selection) {
-               container = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
-                   .data([0]);
+         function changeLayer(t, onInput) {
+           if (t.layer === '0') {
+             t.layer = undefined;
+           }
 
-               var type = (isMulti || isSemi) ? 'multicombo': 'combo';
-               container = container.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + type)
-                   .merge(container);
+           dispatch.call('change', this, t, onInput);
+         }
 
-               if (isMulti || isSemi) {
-                   container = container.selectAll('.chiplist')
-                       .data([0]);
+         function changeRadio() {
+           var t = {};
+           var activeKey;
 
-                   var listClass = 'chiplist';
+           if (field.key) {
+             t[field.key] = undefined;
+           }
 
-                   // Use a separate line for each value in the Destinations field
-                   // to mimic highway exit signs
-                   if (field.key === 'destination') {
-                       listClass += ' full-line-chips';
-                   }
+           radios.each(function (d) {
+             var active = select(this).property('checked');
+             if (active) activeKey = d;
 
-                   container = container.enter()
-                       .append('ul')
-                       .attr('class', listClass)
-                       .on('click', function() {
-                           window.setTimeout(function() { input.node().focus(); }, 10);
-                       })
-                       .merge(container);
+             if (field.key) {
+               if (active) t[field.key] = d;
+             } else {
+               var val = _oldType[activeKey] || 'yes';
+               t[d] = active ? val : undefined;
+             }
+           });
+
+           if (field.type === 'structureRadio') {
+             if (activeKey === 'bridge') {
+               t.layer = '1';
+             } else if (activeKey === 'tunnel' && t.tunnel !== 'building_passage') {
+               t.layer = '-1';
+             } else {
+               t.layer = undefined;
+             }
+           }
+
+           dispatch.call('change', this, t);
+         }
 
+         radio.tags = function (tags) {
+           function isOptionChecked(d) {
+             if (field.key) {
+               return tags[field.key] === d;
+             }
 
-                   inputWrap = container.selectAll('.input-wrap')
-                       .data([0]);
+             return !!(typeof tags[d] === 'string' && tags[d].toLowerCase() !== 'no');
+           }
 
-                   inputWrap = inputWrap.enter()
-                       .append('li')
-                       .attr('class', 'input-wrap')
-                       .merge(inputWrap);
+           function isMixed(d) {
+             if (field.key) {
+               return Array.isArray(tags[field.key]) && tags[field.key].includes(d);
+             }
 
-                   input = inputWrap.selectAll('input')
-                       .data([0]);
-               } else {
-                   input = container.selectAll('input')
-                       .data([0]);
-               }
-
-               input = input.enter()
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'text')
-                   .attr('id', field.domId)
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .call(initCombo, selection)
-                   .merge(input);
-
-               if (isNetwork) {
-                   var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
-                   var countryCode = extent && iso1A2Code(extent.center());
-                   _countryCode = countryCode && countryCode.toLowerCase();
-               }
-
-               input
-                   .on('change', change)
-                   .on('blur', change);
-
-               input
-                   .on('keydown.field', function() {
-                       switch (event.keyCode) {
-                           case 13: // ↩ Return
-                               input.node().blur(); // blurring also enters the value
-                               event.stopPropagation();
-                               break;
-                       }
-                   });
+             return Array.isArray(tags[d]);
+           }
 
-               if (isMulti || isSemi) {
-                   combobox
-                       .on('accept', function() {
-                           input.node().blur();
-                           input.node().focus();
-                       });
+           radios.property('checked', function (d) {
+             return isOptionChecked(d) && (field.key || field.options.filter(isOptionChecked).length === 1);
+           });
+           labels.classed('active', function (d) {
+             if (field.key) {
+               return Array.isArray(tags[field.key]) && tags[field.key].includes(d) || tags[field.key] === d;
+             }
 
-                   input
-                       .on('focus', function() { container.classed('active', true); });
-               }
+             return Array.isArray(tags[d]) && tags[d].some(function (v) {
+               return typeof v === 'string' && v.toLowerCase() !== 'no';
+             }) || !!(typeof tags[d] === 'string' && tags[d].toLowerCase() !== 'no');
+           }).classed('mixed', isMixed).attr('title', function (d) {
+             return isMixed(d) ? _t('inspector.unshared_value_tooltip') : null;
+           });
+           var selection = radios.filter(function () {
+             return this.checked;
+           });
+
+           if (selection.empty()) {
+             placeholder.call(_t.append('inspector.none'));
+           } else {
+             placeholder.text(selection.attr('value'));
+             _oldType[selection.datum()] = tags[selection.datum()];
            }
 
+           if (field.type === 'structureRadio') {
+             // For waterways without a tunnel tag, set 'culvert' as
+             // the _oldType to default to if the user picks 'tunnel'
+             if (!!tags.waterway && !_oldType.tunnel) {
+               _oldType.tunnel = 'culvert';
+             }
 
-           combo.tags = function(tags) {
-               _tags = tags;
-
-               if (isMulti || isSemi) {
-                   _multiData = [];
+             wrap.call(structureExtras, tags);
+           }
+         };
 
-                   var maxLength;
+         radio.focus = function () {
+           radios.node().focus();
+         };
 
-                   if (isMulti) {
-                       // Build _multiData array containing keys already set..
-                       for (var k in tags) {
-                           if (k.indexOf(field.key) !== 0) continue;
-                           var v = tags[k];
-                           if (!v || (typeof v === 'string' && v.toLowerCase() === 'no')) continue;
+         radio.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           _oldType = {};
+           return radio;
+         };
 
-                           var suffix = k.substring(field.key.length);
-                           _multiData.push({
-                               key: k,
-                               value: displayValue(suffix),
-                               isMixed: Array.isArray(v)
-                           });
-                       }
+         radio.isAllowed = function () {
+           return _entityIDs.length === 1;
+         };
 
-                       // Set keys for form-field modified (needed for undo and reset buttons)..
-                       field.keys = _multiData.map(function(d) { return d.key; });
+         return utilRebind(radio, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-                       // limit the input length so it fits after prepending the key prefix
-                       maxLength = context.maxCharsForTagKey() - utilUnicodeCharsCount(field.key);
+       function uiFieldRestrictions(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var breathe = behaviorBreathe();
+         corePreferences('turn-restriction-via-way', null); // remove old key
 
-                   } else if (isSemi) {
+         var storedViaWay = corePreferences('turn-restriction-via-way0'); // use new key #6922
 
-                       var allValues = [];
-                       var commonValues;
-                       if (Array.isArray(tags[field.key])) {
+         var storedDistance = corePreferences('turn-restriction-distance');
 
-                           tags[field.key].forEach(function(tagVal) {
-                               var thisVals = utilArrayUniq((tagVal || '').split(';')).filter(Boolean);
-                               allValues = allValues.concat(thisVals);
-                               if (!commonValues) {
-                                   commonValues = thisVals;
-                               } else {
-                                   commonValues = commonValues.filter(value => thisVals.includes(value));
-                               }
-                           });
-                           allValues = utilArrayUniq(allValues).filter(Boolean);
+         var _maxViaWay = storedViaWay !== null ? +storedViaWay : 0;
 
-                       } else {
-                           allValues =  utilArrayUniq((tags[field.key] || '').split(';')).filter(Boolean);
-                           commonValues = allValues;
-                       }
+         var _maxDistance = storedDistance ? +storedDistance : 30;
 
-                       _multiData = allValues.map(function(v) {
-                           return {
-                               key: v,
-                               value: displayValue(v),
-                               isMixed: !commonValues.includes(v)
-                           };
-                       });
+         var _initialized = false;
 
-                       var currLength = utilUnicodeCharsCount(commonValues.join(';'));
+         var _parent = select(null); // the entire field
 
-                       // limit the input length to the remaining available characters
-                       maxLength = context.maxCharsForTagValue() - currLength;
 
-                       if (currLength > 0) {
-                           // account for the separator if a new value will be appended to existing
-                           maxLength -= 1;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   // a negative maxlength doesn't make sense
-                   maxLength = Math.max(0, maxLength);
+         var _container = select(null); // just the map
 
-                   var allowDragAndDrop = isSemi // only semiCombo values are ordered
-                       && !Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
 
-                   // Exclude existing multikeys from combo options..
-                   var available = objectDifference(_comboData, _multiData);
-                   combobox.data(available);
+         var _oldTurns;
 
-                   // Hide 'Add' button if this field uses fixed set of
-                   // translateable optstrings and they're all currently used,
-                   // or if the field is already at its character limit
-                   var hideAdd = (optstrings && !available.length) || maxLength <= 0;
-                   container.selectAll('.chiplist .input-wrap')
-                       .style('display', hideAdd ? 'none' : null);
+         var _graph;
 
+         var _vertexID;
 
-                   // Render chips
-                   var chips = container.selectAll('.chip')
-                       .data(_multiData);
+         var _intersection;
 
-                   chips.exit()
-                       .remove();
+         var _fromWayID;
 
-                   var enter = chips.enter()
-                       .insert('li', '.input-wrap')
-                       .attr('class', 'chip');
+         var _lastXPos;
 
-                   enter.append('span');
-                   enter.append('a');
+         function restrictions(selection) {
+           _parent = selection; // try to reuse the intersection, but always rebuild it if the graph has changed
 
-                   chips = chips.merge(enter)
-                       .order()
-                       .classed('draggable', allowDragAndDrop)
-                       .classed('mixed', function(d) {
-                           return d.isMixed;
-                       })
-                       .attr('title', function(d) {
-                           return d.isMixed ? _t('inspector.unshared_value_tooltip') : null;
-                       });
+           if (_vertexID && (context.graph() !== _graph || !_intersection)) {
+             _graph = context.graph();
+             _intersection = osmIntersection(_graph, _vertexID, _maxDistance);
+           } // It's possible for there to be no actual intersection here.
+           // for example, a vertex of two `highway=path`
+           // In this case, hide the field.
 
-                   if (allowDragAndDrop) {
-                       registerDragAndDrop(chips);
-                   }
 
-                   chips.select('span')
-                       .text(function(d) { return d.value; });
+           var isOK = _intersection && _intersection.vertices.length && // has vertices
+           _intersection.vertices // has the vertex that the user selected
+           .filter(function (vertex) {
+             return vertex.id === _vertexID;
+           }).length && _intersection.ways.length > 2 && // has more than 2 ways
+           _intersection.ways // has more than 1 TO way
+           .filter(function (way) {
+             return way.__to;
+           }).length > 1; // Also hide in the case where
 
-                   chips.select('a')
-                       .on('click', removeMultikey)
-                       .attr('class', 'remove')
-                       .text('×');
+           select(selection.node().parentNode).classed('hide', !isOK); // if form field is hidden or has detached from dom, clean up.
 
-               } else {
-                   var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
+           if (!isOK || !context.container().select('.inspector-wrap.inspector-hidden').empty() || !selection.node().parentNode || !selection.node().parentNode.parentNode) {
+             selection.call(restrictions.off);
+             return;
+           }
 
-                   var mixedValues = isMixed && tags[field.key].map(function(val) {
-                       return displayValue(val);
-                   }).filter(Boolean);
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           var container = wrap.selectAll('.restriction-container').data([0]); // enter
 
-                   utilGetSetValue(input, !isMixed ? displayValue(tags[field.key]) : '')
-                       .attr('title', isMixed ? mixedValues.join('\n') : undefined)
-                       .attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : _staticPlaceholder || '')
-                       .classed('mixed', isMixed);
-               }
-           };
+           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-container');
+           containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-help'); // update
 
-           function registerDragAndDrop(selection) {
+           _container = containerEnter.merge(container).call(renderViewer);
+           var controls = wrap.selectAll('.restriction-controls').data([0]); // enter/update
 
-               // allow drag and drop re-ordering of chips
-               var dragOrigin, targetIndex;
-               selection.call(d3_drag()
-                   .on('start', function() {
-                       dragOrigin = {
-                           x: event.x,
-                           y: event.y
-                       };
-                       targetIndex = null;
-                   })
-                   .on('drag', function(d, index) {
-                       var x = event.x - dragOrigin.x,
-                           y = event.y - dragOrigin.y;
-
-                       if (!select(this).classed('dragging') &&
-                           // don't display drag until dragging beyond a distance threshold
-                           Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x, 2) + Math.pow(y, 2)) <= 5) return;
-
-                       select(this)
-                           .classed('dragging', true);
-
-                       targetIndex = null;
-                       var targetIndexOffsetTop = null;
-                       var draggedTagWidth = select(this).node().offsetWidth;
-
-                       if (field.key === 'destination') { // meaning tags are full width
-                           container.selectAll('.chip')
-                               .style('transform', function(d2, index2) {
-                                   var node = select(this).node();
-
-                                   if (index === index2) {
-                                       return 'translate(' + x + 'px, ' + y + 'px)';
-                                   // move the dragged tag up the order
-                                   } else if (index2 > index && event.y > node.offsetTop) {
-                                       if (targetIndex === null || index2 > targetIndex) {
-                                           targetIndex = index2;
-                                       }
-                                       return 'translateY(-100%)';
-                                   // move the dragged tag down the order
-                                   } else if (index2 < index && event.y < node.offsetTop + node.offsetHeight) {
-                                       if (targetIndex === null || index2 < targetIndex) {
-                                           targetIndex = index2;
-                                       }
-                                       return 'translateY(100%)';
-                                   }
-                                   return null;
-                               });
-                       } else {
-                           container.selectAll('.chip')
-                               .each(function(d2, index2) {
-                                   var node = select(this).node();
-
-                                   // check the cursor is in the bounding box
-                                   if (
-                                       index !== index2 &&
-                                       event.x < node.offsetLeft + node.offsetWidth + 5 &&
-                                       event.x > node.offsetLeft &&
-                                       event.y < node.offsetTop + node.offsetHeight &&
-                                       event.y > node.offsetTop
-                                   ) {
-                                       targetIndex = index2;
-                                       targetIndexOffsetTop = node.offsetTop;
-                                   }
-                               })
-                               .style('transform', function(d2, index2) {
-                                   var node = select(this).node();
-
-                                   if (index === index2) {
-                                       return 'translate(' + x + 'px, ' + y + 'px)';
-                                   }
-
-                                   // only translate tags in the same row
-                                   if (node.offsetTop === targetIndexOffsetTop) {
-                                       if (index2 < index && index2 >= targetIndex) {
-                                           return 'translateX(' + draggedTagWidth + 'px)';
-                                       } else if (index2 > index && index2 <= targetIndex) {
-                                           return 'translateX(-' + draggedTagWidth + 'px)';
-                                       }
-                                   }
-                                   return null;
-                               });
-                           }
-                   })
-                   .on('end', function(d, index) {
-                       if (!select(this).classed('dragging')) {
-                           return;
-                       }
+           controls.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-controls-container').append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-controls').merge(controls).call(renderControls);
+         }
 
-                       select(this)
-                           .classed('dragging', false);
+         function renderControls(selection) {
+           var distControl = selection.selectAll('.restriction-distance').data([0]);
+           distControl.exit().remove();
+           var distControlEnter = distControl.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-control restriction-distance');
+           distControlEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'restriction-control-label restriction-distance-label').call(_t.append('restriction.controls.distance', {
+             suffix: ':'
+           }));
+           distControlEnter.append('input').attr('class', 'restriction-distance-input').attr('type', 'range').attr('min', '20').attr('max', '50').attr('step', '5');
+           distControlEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'restriction-distance-text'); // update
 
-                       container.selectAll('.chip')
-                           .style('transform', null);
+           selection.selectAll('.restriction-distance-input').property('value', _maxDistance).on('input', function () {
+             var val = select(this).property('value');
+             _maxDistance = +val;
+             _intersection = null;
 
-                       if (typeof targetIndex === 'number') {
-                           var element = _multiData[index];
-                           _multiData.splice(index, 1);
-                           _multiData.splice(targetIndex, 0, element);
+             _container.selectAll('.layer-osm .layer-turns *').remove();
 
-                           var t = {};
+             corePreferences('turn-restriction-distance', _maxDistance);
 
-                           if (_multiData.length) {
-                               t[field.key] = _multiData.map(function(element) {
-                                   return element.key;
-                               }).join(';');
-                           } else {
-                               t[field.key] = undefined;
-                           }
+             _parent.call(restrictions);
+           });
+           selection.selectAll('.restriction-distance-text').call(displayMaxDistance(_maxDistance));
+           var viaControl = selection.selectAll('.restriction-via-way').data([0]);
+           viaControl.exit().remove();
+           var viaControlEnter = viaControl.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'restriction-control restriction-via-way');
+           viaControlEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'restriction-control-label restriction-via-way-label').call(_t.append('restriction.controls.via', {
+             suffix: ':'
+           }));
+           viaControlEnter.append('input').attr('class', 'restriction-via-way-input').attr('type', 'range').attr('min', '0').attr('max', '2').attr('step', '1');
+           viaControlEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'restriction-via-way-text'); // update
 
-                           dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
-                       }
-                       dragOrigin = undefined;
-                       targetIndex = undefined;
-                   })
-               );
-           }
+           selection.selectAll('.restriction-via-way-input').property('value', _maxViaWay).on('input', function () {
+             var val = select(this).property('value');
+             _maxViaWay = +val;
 
+             _container.selectAll('.layer-osm .layer-turns *').remove();
 
-           combo.focus = function() {
-               input.node().focus();
-           };
+             corePreferences('turn-restriction-via-way0', _maxViaWay);
 
+             _parent.call(restrictions);
+           });
+           selection.selectAll('.restriction-via-way-text').call(displayMaxVia(_maxViaWay));
+         }
+
+         function renderViewer(selection) {
+           if (!_intersection) return;
+           var vgraph = _intersection.graph;
+           var filter = utilFunctor(true);
+           var projection = geoRawMercator(); // Reflow warning: `utilGetDimensions` calls `getBoundingClientRect`
+           // Instead of asking the restriction-container for its dimensions,
+           //  we can ask the .sidebar, which can have its dimensions cached.
+           // width: calc as sidebar - padding
+           // height: hardcoded (from `80_app.css`)
+           // var d = utilGetDimensions(selection);
+
+           var sdims = utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.sidebar'));
+           var d = [sdims[0] - 50, 370];
+           var c = geoVecScale(d, 0.5);
+           var z = 22;
+           projection.scale(geoZoomToScale(z)); // Calculate extent of all key vertices
 
-           combo.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-               _entityIDs = val;
-               return combo;
-           };
+           var extent = geoExtent();
 
+           for (var i = 0; i < _intersection.vertices.length; i++) {
+             extent._extend(_intersection.vertices[i].extent());
+           }
+
+           var padTop = 35; // reserve top space for hint text
+           // If this is a large intersection, adjust zoom to fit extent
+
+           if (_intersection.vertices.length > 1) {
+             var hPadding = Math.min(160, Math.max(110, d[0] * 0.4));
+             var vPadding = 160;
+             var tl = projection([extent[0][0], extent[1][1]]);
+             var br = projection([extent[1][0], extent[0][1]]);
+             var hFactor = (br[0] - tl[0]) / (d[0] - hPadding);
+             var vFactor = (br[1] - tl[1]) / (d[1] - vPadding - padTop);
+             var hZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(hFactor)) / Math.LN2;
+             var vZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(vFactor)) / Math.LN2;
+             z = z - Math.max(hZoomDiff, vZoomDiff);
+             projection.scale(geoZoomToScale(z));
+           }
+
+           var extentCenter = projection(extent.center());
+           extentCenter[1] = extentCenter[1] - padTop / 2;
+           projection.translate(geoVecSubtract(c, extentCenter)).clipExtent([[0, 0], d]);
+           var drawLayers = svgLayers(projection, context).only(['osm', 'touch']).dimensions(d);
+           var drawVertices = svgVertices(projection, context);
+           var drawLines = svgLines(projection, context);
+           var drawTurns = svgTurns(projection, context);
+           var firstTime = selection.selectAll('.surface').empty();
+           selection.call(drawLayers);
+           var surface = selection.selectAll('.surface').classed('tr', true);
+
+           if (firstTime) {
+             _initialized = true;
+             surface.call(breathe);
+           } // This can happen if we've lowered the detail while a FROM way
+           // is selected, and that way is no longer part of the intersection.
+
+
+           if (_fromWayID && !vgraph.hasEntity(_fromWayID)) {
+             _fromWayID = null;
+             _oldTurns = null;
+           }
+
+           surface.call(utilSetDimensions, d).call(drawVertices, vgraph, _intersection.vertices, filter, extent, z).call(drawLines, vgraph, _intersection.ways, filter).call(drawTurns, vgraph, _intersection.turns(_fromWayID, _maxViaWay));
+           surface.on('click.restrictions', click).on('mouseover.restrictions', mouseover);
+           surface.selectAll('.selected').classed('selected', false);
+           surface.selectAll('.related').classed('related', false);
+           var way;
 
-           function combinedEntityExtent() {
-               return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+           if (_fromWayID) {
+             way = vgraph.entity(_fromWayID);
+             surface.selectAll('.' + _fromWayID).classed('selected', true).classed('related', true);
            }
 
+           document.addEventListener('resizeWindow', function () {
+             utilSetDimensions(_container, null);
+             redraw(1);
+           }, false);
+           updateHints(null);
 
-           return utilRebind(combo, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
-
-       function uiFieldText(field, context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-           var input = select(null);
-           var outlinkButton = select(null);
-           var _entityIDs = [];
-           var _tags;
-           var _phoneFormats = {};
-
-           if (field.type === 'tel') {
-               _mainFileFetcher.get('phone_formats')
-                   .then(function(d) {
-                       _phoneFormats = d;
-                       updatePhonePlaceholder();
-                   })
-                   .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });
-           }
+           function click(d3_event) {
+             surface.call(breathe.off).call(breathe);
+             var datum = d3_event.target.__data__;
+             var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
 
-           function i(selection) {
-               var entity = _entityIDs.length && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
-               var preset = entity && _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-               var isLocked = preset && preset.suggestion && field.id === 'brand';
-               field.locked(isLocked);
+             if (entity) {
+               datum = entity;
+             }
 
-               var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
-                   .data([0]);
+             if (datum instanceof osmWay && (datum.__from || datum.__via)) {
+               _fromWayID = datum.id;
+               _oldTurns = null;
+               redraw();
+             } else if (datum instanceof osmTurn) {
+               var actions, extraActions, turns, i;
+               var restrictionType = osmInferRestriction(vgraph, datum, projection);
 
-               wrap = wrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
-                   .merge(wrap);
+               if (datum.restrictionID && !datum.direct) {
+                 return;
+               } else if (datum.restrictionID && !datum.only) {
+                 // NO -> ONLY
+                 var seen = {};
+                 var datumOnly = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(datum)); // deep clone the datum
 
-               input = wrap.selectAll('input')
-                   .data([0]);
+                 datumOnly.only = true; // but change this property
 
-               input = input.enter()
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', field.type === 'identifier' ? 'text' : field.type)
-                   .attr('id', field.domId)
-                   .classed(field.type, true)
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .merge(input);
+                 restrictionType = restrictionType.replace(/^no/, 'only'); // Adding an ONLY restriction should destroy all other direct restrictions from the FROM towards the VIA.
+                 // We will remember them in _oldTurns, and restore them if the user clicks again.
 
-               input
-                   .classed('disabled', !!isLocked)
-                   .attr('readonly', isLocked || null)
-                   .on('input', change(true))
-                   .on('blur', change())
-                   .on('change', change());
+                 turns = _intersection.turns(_fromWayID, 2);
+                 extraActions = [];
+                 _oldTurns = [];
 
+                 for (i = 0; i < turns.length; i++) {
+                   var turn = turns[i];
+                   if (seen[turn.restrictionID]) continue; // avoid deleting the turn twice (#4968, #4928)
 
-               if (field.type === 'tel') {
-                   updatePhonePlaceholder();
+                   if (turn.direct && turn.path[1] === datum.path[1]) {
+                     seen[turns[i].restrictionID] = true;
+                     turn.restrictionType = osmInferRestriction(vgraph, turn, projection);
 
-               } else if (field.type === 'number') {
-                   var rtl = (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl');
+                     _oldTurns.push(turn);
 
-                   input.attr('type', 'text');
+                     extraActions.push(actionUnrestrictTurn(turn));
+                   }
+                 }
 
-                   var buttons = wrap.selectAll('.increment, .decrement')
-                       .data(rtl ? [1, -1] : [-1, 1]);
+                 actions = _intersection.actions.concat(extraActions, [actionRestrictTurn(datumOnly, restrictionType), _t('operations.restriction.annotation.create')]);
+               } else if (datum.restrictionID) {
+                 // ONLY -> Allowed
+                 // Restore whatever restrictions we might have destroyed by cycling thru the ONLY state.
+                 // This relies on the assumption that the intersection was already split up when we
+                 // performed the previous action (NO -> ONLY), so the IDs in _oldTurns shouldn't have changed.
+                 turns = _oldTurns || [];
+                 extraActions = [];
 
-                   buttons.enter()
-                       .append('button')
-                       .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                       .attr('class', function(d) {
-                           var which = (d === 1 ? 'increment' : 'decrement');
-                           return 'form-field-button ' + which;
-                       })
-                       .merge(buttons)
-                       .on('click', function(d) {
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                           var raw_vals = input.node().value || '0';
-                           var vals = raw_vals.split(';');
-                           vals = vals.map(function(v) {
-                               var num = parseFloat(v.trim(), 10);
-                               return isFinite(num) ? clamped(num + d) : v.trim();
-                           });
-                           input.node().value = vals.join(';');
-                           change()();
-                       });
-               } else if (field.type === 'identifier' && field.urlFormat && field.pattern) {
+                 for (i = 0; i < turns.length; i++) {
+                   if (turns[i].key !== datum.key) {
+                     extraActions.push(actionRestrictTurn(turns[i], turns[i].restrictionType));
+                   }
+                 }
 
-                   input.attr('type', 'text');
+                 _oldTurns = null;
+                 actions = _intersection.actions.concat(extraActions, [actionUnrestrictTurn(datum), _t('operations.restriction.annotation.delete')]);
+               } else {
+                 // Allowed -> NO
+                 actions = _intersection.actions.concat([actionRestrictTurn(datum, restrictionType), _t('operations.restriction.annotation.create')]);
+               }
 
-                   outlinkButton = wrap.selectAll('.foreign-id-permalink')
-                       .data([0]);
+               context.perform.apply(context, actions); // At this point the datum will be changed, but will have same key..
+               // Refresh it and update the help..
 
-                   outlinkButton.enter()
-                       .append('button')
-                       .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                       .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link'))
-                       .attr('class', 'form-field-button foreign-id-permalink')
-                       .attr('title', function() {
-                           var domainResults = /^https?:\/\/(.{1,}?)\//.exec(field.urlFormat);
-                           if (domainResults.length >= 2 && domainResults[1]) {
-                               var domain = domainResults[1];
-                               return _t('icons.view_on', { domain: domain });
-                           }
-                           return '';
-                       })
-                       .on('click', function() {
-                           event.preventDefault();
+               var s = surface.selectAll('.' + datum.key);
+               datum = s.empty() ? null : s.datum();
+               updateHints(datum);
+             } else {
+               _fromWayID = null;
+               _oldTurns = null;
+               redraw();
+             }
+           }
 
-                           var value = validIdentifierValueForLink();
-                           if (value) {
-                               var url = field.urlFormat.replace(/{value}/, encodeURIComponent(value));
-                               window.open(url, '_blank');
-                           }
-                       })
-                       .merge(outlinkButton);
-               }
+           function mouseover(d3_event) {
+             var datum = d3_event.target.__data__;
+             updateHints(datum);
            }
 
+           _lastXPos = _lastXPos || sdims[0];
 
-           function updatePhonePlaceholder() {
-               if (input.empty() || !Object.keys(_phoneFormats).length) return;
+           function redraw(minChange) {
+             var xPos = -1;
 
-               var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
-               var countryCode = extent && iso1A2Code(extent.center());
-               var format = countryCode && _phoneFormats[countryCode.toLowerCase()];
-               if (format) input.attr('placeholder', format);
-           }
+             if (minChange) {
+               xPos = utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.sidebar'))[0];
+             }
 
+             if (!minChange || minChange && Math.abs(xPos - _lastXPos) >= minChange) {
+               if (context.hasEntity(_vertexID)) {
+                 _lastXPos = xPos;
 
-           function validIdentifierValueForLink() {
-               if (field.type === 'identifier' && field.pattern) {
-                   var value = utilGetSetValue(input).trim().split(';')[0];
-                   return value && value.match(new RegExp(field.pattern));
+                 _container.call(renderViewer);
                }
-               return null;
+             }
            }
 
+           function highlightPathsFrom(wayID) {
+             surface.selectAll('.related').classed('related', false).classed('allow', false).classed('restrict', false).classed('only', false);
+             surface.selectAll('.' + wayID).classed('related', true);
 
-           // clamp number to min/max
-           function clamped(num) {
-               if (field.minValue !== undefined) {
-                   num = Math.max(num, field.minValue);
-               }
-               if (field.maxValue !== undefined) {
-                   num = Math.min(num, field.maxValue);
-               }
-               return num;
-           }
+             if (wayID) {
+               var turns = _intersection.turns(wayID, _maxViaWay);
 
+               for (var i = 0; i < turns.length; i++) {
+                 var turn = turns[i];
+                 var ids = [turn.to.way];
+                 var klass = turn.no ? 'restrict' : turn.only ? 'only' : 'allow';
 
-           function change(onInput) {
-               return function() {
-                   var t = {};
-                   var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
-                   if (!onInput) val = context.cleanTagValue(val);
-
-                   // don't override multiple values with blank string
-                   if (!val && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
-
-                   if (!onInput) {
-                       if (field.type === 'number' && val) {
-                           var vals = val.split(';');
-                           vals = vals.map(function(v) {
-                               var num = parseFloat(v.trim(), 10);
-                               return isFinite(num) ? clamped(num) : v.trim();
-                           });
-                           val = vals.join(';');
-                       }
-                       utilGetSetValue(input, val);
+                 if (turn.only || turns.length === 1) {
+                   if (turn.via.ways) {
+                     ids = ids.concat(turn.via.ways);
                    }
-                   t[field.key] = val || undefined;
-                   dispatch$1.call('change', this, t, onInput);
-               };
+                 } else if (turn.to.way === wayID) {
+                   continue;
+                 }
+
+                 surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector(ids)).classed('related', true).classed('allow', klass === 'allow').classed('restrict', klass === 'restrict').classed('only', klass === 'only');
+               }
+             }
            }
 
+           function updateHints(datum) {
+             var help = _container.selectAll('.restriction-help').html('');
 
-           i.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-               _entityIDs = val;
-               return i;
-           };
+             var placeholders = {};
+             ['from', 'via', 'to'].forEach(function (k) {
+               placeholders[k] = {
+                 html: '<span class="qualifier">' + _t('restriction.help.' + k) + '</span>'
+               };
+             });
+             var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
+
+             if (entity) {
+               datum = entity;
+             }
+
+             if (_fromWayID) {
+               way = vgraph.entity(_fromWayID);
+               surface.selectAll('.' + _fromWayID).classed('selected', true).classed('related', true);
+             } // Hovering a way
+
+
+             if (datum instanceof osmWay && datum.__from) {
+               way = datum;
+               highlightPathsFrom(_fromWayID ? null : way.id);
+               surface.selectAll('.' + way.id).classed('related', true);
+               var clickSelect = !_fromWayID || _fromWayID !== way.id;
+               help.append('div') // "Click to select FROM {fromName}." / "FROM {fromName}"
+               .html(_t.html('restriction.help.' + (clickSelect ? 'select_from_name' : 'from_name'), {
+                 from: placeholders.from,
+                 fromName: displayName(way.id, vgraph)
+               })); // Hovering a turn arrow
+             } else if (datum instanceof osmTurn) {
+               var restrictionType = osmInferRestriction(vgraph, datum, projection);
+               var turnType = restrictionType.replace(/^(only|no)\_/, '');
+               var indirect = datum.direct === false ? _t.html('restriction.help.indirect') : '';
+               var klass, turnText, nextText;
+
+               if (datum.no) {
+                 klass = 'restrict';
+                 turnText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.no_' + turnType, {
+                   indirect: indirect
+                 });
+                 nextText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.only_' + turnType, {
+                   indirect: ''
+                 });
+               } else if (datum.only) {
+                 klass = 'only';
+                 turnText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.only_' + turnType, {
+                   indirect: indirect
+                 });
+                 nextText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.allowed_' + turnType, {
+                   indirect: ''
+                 });
+               } else {
+                 klass = 'allow';
+                 turnText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.allowed_' + turnType, {
+                   indirect: indirect
+                 });
+                 nextText = _t.html('restriction.help.turn.no_' + turnType, {
+                   indirect: ''
+                 });
+               }
 
+               help.append('div') // "NO Right Turn (indirect)"
+               .attr('class', 'qualifier ' + klass).html(turnText);
+               help.append('div') // "FROM {fromName} TO {toName}"
+               .html(_t.html('restriction.help.from_name_to_name', {
+                 from: placeholders.from,
+                 fromName: displayName(datum.from.way, vgraph),
+                 to: placeholders.to,
+                 toName: displayName(datum.to.way, vgraph)
+               }));
 
-           i.tags = function(tags) {
-               _tags = tags;
+               if (datum.via.ways && datum.via.ways.length) {
+                 var names = [];
 
-               var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
+                 for (var i = 0; i < datum.via.ways.length; i++) {
+                   var prev = names[names.length - 1];
+                   var curr = displayName(datum.via.ways[i], vgraph);
 
-               utilGetSetValue(input, !isMixed && tags[field.key] ? tags[field.key] : '')
-                   .attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : undefined)
-                   .attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : (field.placeholder() || _t('inspector.unknown')))
-                   .classed('mixed', isMixed);
+                   if (!prev || curr !== prev) {
+                     // collapse identical names
+                     names.push(curr);
+                   }
+                 }
 
-               if (outlinkButton && !outlinkButton.empty()) {
-                   var disabled = !validIdentifierValueForLink();
-                   outlinkButton.classed('disabled', disabled);
+                 help.append('div') // "VIA {viaNames}"
+                 .html(_t.html('restriction.help.via_names', {
+                   via: placeholders.via,
+                   viaNames: names.join(', ')
+                 }));
                }
-           };
 
+               if (!indirect) {
+                 help.append('div') // Click for "No Right Turn"
+                 .html(_t.html('restriction.help.toggle', {
+                   turn: {
+                     html: nextText.trim()
+                   }
+                 }));
+               }
 
-           i.focus = function() {
-               var node = input.node();
-               if (node) node.focus();
-           };
+               highlightPathsFrom(null);
+               var alongIDs = datum.path.slice();
+               surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector(alongIDs)).classed('related', true).classed('allow', klass === 'allow').classed('restrict', klass === 'restrict').classed('only', klass === 'only'); // Hovering empty surface
+             } else {
+               highlightPathsFrom(null);
 
-           function combinedEntityExtent() {
-               return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+               if (_fromWayID) {
+                 help.append('div') // "FROM {fromName}"
+                 .html(_t.html('restriction.help.from_name', {
+                   from: placeholders.from,
+                   fromName: displayName(_fromWayID, vgraph)
+                 }));
+               } else {
+                 help.append('div') // "Click to select a FROM segment."
+                 .html(_t.html('restriction.help.select_from', {
+                   from: placeholders.from
+                 }));
+               }
+             }
            }
+         }
 
-           return utilRebind(i, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
-
-       function uiFieldAccess(field, context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-           var items = select(null);
-           var _tags;
-
-           function access(selection) {
-               var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
-                   .data([0]);
-
-               wrap = wrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
-                   .merge(wrap);
-
-               var list = wrap.selectAll('ul')
-                   .data([0]);
-
-               list = list.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'rows')
-                   .merge(list);
-
-
-               items = list.selectAll('li')
-                   .data(field.keys);
-
-               // Enter
-               var enter = items.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'labeled-input preset-access-' + d; });
+         function displayMaxDistance(maxDist) {
+           return function (selection) {
+             var isImperial = !_mainLocalizer.usesMetric();
+             var opts;
 
-               enter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'label preset-label-access')
-                   .attr('for', function(d) { return 'preset-input-access-' + d; })
-                   .text(function(d) { return field.t('types.' + d); });
+             if (isImperial) {
+               var distToFeet = {
+                 // imprecise conversion for prettier display
+                 20: 70,
+                 25: 85,
+                 30: 100,
+                 35: 115,
+                 40: 130,
+                 45: 145,
+                 50: 160
+               }[maxDist];
+               opts = {
+                 distance: _t('units.feet', {
+                   quantity: distToFeet
+                 })
+               };
+             } else {
+               opts = {
+                 distance: _t('units.meters', {
+                   quantity: maxDist
+                 })
+               };
+             }
 
-               enter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'preset-input-access-wrap')
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'text')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'preset-input-access preset-input-access-' + d; })
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       select(this)
-                           .call(uiCombobox(context, 'access-' + d)
-                               .data(access.options(d))
-                           );
-                   });
+             return selection.html('').call(_t.append('restriction.controls.distance_up_to', opts));
+           };
+         }
 
+         function displayMaxVia(maxVia) {
+           return function (selection) {
+             selection = selection.html('');
+             return maxVia === 0 ? selection.call(_t.append('restriction.controls.via_node_only')) : maxVia === 1 ? selection.call(_t.append('restriction.controls.via_up_to_one')) : selection.call(_t.append('restriction.controls.via_up_to_two'));
+           };
+         }
 
-               // Update
-               items = items.merge(enter);
+         function displayName(entityID, graph) {
+           var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
+           var name = utilDisplayName(entity) || '';
+           var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+           var type = matched && matched.name() || utilDisplayType(entity.id);
+           return name || type;
+         }
 
-               wrap.selectAll('.preset-input-access')
-                   .on('change', change)
-                   .on('blur', change);
-           }
+         restrictions.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           _intersection = null;
+           _fromWayID = null;
+           _oldTurns = null;
+           _vertexID = val[0];
+         };
 
+         restrictions.tags = function () {};
 
-           function change(d) {
-               var tag = {};
-               var value = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(select(this)));
+         restrictions.focus = function () {};
 
-               // don't override multiple values with blank string
-               if (!value && typeof _tags[d] !== 'string') return;
+         restrictions.off = function (selection) {
+           if (!_initialized) return;
+           selection.selectAll('.surface').call(breathe.off).on('click.restrictions', null).on('mouseover.restrictions', null);
+           select(window).on('resize.restrictions', null);
+         };
 
-               tag[d] = value || undefined;
-               dispatch$1.call('change', this, tag);
-           }
+         return utilRebind(restrictions, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
+       uiFieldRestrictions.supportsMultiselection = false;
 
+       function uiFieldTextarea(field, context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var input = select(null);
 
-           access.options = function(type) {
-               var options = ['no', 'permissive', 'private', 'permit', 'destination'];
+         var _tags;
 
-               if (type !== 'access') {
-                   options.unshift('yes');
-                   options.push('designated');
+         function textarea(selection) {
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           input = wrap.selectAll('textarea').data([0]);
+           input = input.enter().append('textarea').attr('id', field.domId).call(utilNoAuto).on('input', change(true)).on('blur', change()).on('change', change()).merge(input);
+         }
 
-                   if (type === 'bicycle') {
-                       options.push('dismount');
-                   }
-               }
+         function change(onInput) {
+           return function () {
+             var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
+             if (!onInput) val = context.cleanTagValue(val); // don't override multiple values with blank string
 
-               return options.map(function(option) {
-                   return {
-                       title: field.t('options.' + option + '.description'),
-                       value: option
-                   };
-               });
+             if (!val && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
+             var t = {};
+             t[field.key] = val || undefined;
+             dispatch.call('change', this, t, onInput);
            };
+         }
 
+         textarea.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
+           var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
+           utilGetSetValue(input, !isMixed && tags[field.key] ? tags[field.key] : '').attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : undefined).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : field.placeholder() || _t('inspector.unknown')).classed('mixed', isMixed);
+         };
 
-           var placeholdersByHighway = {
-               footway: {
-                   foot: 'designated',
-                   motor_vehicle: 'no'
-               },
-               steps: {
-                   foot: 'yes',
-                   motor_vehicle: 'no',
-                   bicycle: 'no',
-                   horse: 'no'
-               },
-               pedestrian: {
-                   foot: 'yes',
-                   motor_vehicle: 'no'
-               },
-               cycleway: {
-                   motor_vehicle: 'no',
-                   bicycle: 'designated'
-               },
-               bridleway: {
-                   motor_vehicle: 'no',
-                   horse: 'designated'
-               },
-               path: {
-                   foot: 'yes',
-                   motor_vehicle: 'no',
-                   bicycle: 'yes',
-                   horse: 'yes'
-               },
-               motorway: {
-                   foot: 'no',
-                   motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-                   bicycle: 'no',
-                   horse: 'no'
-               },
-               trunk: {
-                   motor_vehicle: 'yes'
-               },
-               primary: {
-                   foot: 'yes',
-                   motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-                   bicycle: 'yes',
-                   horse: 'yes'
-               },
-               secondary: {
-                   foot: 'yes',
-                   motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-                   bicycle: 'yes',
-                   horse: 'yes'
-               },
-               tertiary: {
-                   foot: 'yes',
-                   motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-                   bicycle: 'yes',
-                   horse: 'yes'
-               },
-               residential: {
-                   foot: 'yes',
-                   motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-                   bicycle: 'yes',
-                   horse: 'yes'
-               },
-               unclassified: {
-                   foot: 'yes',
-                   motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-                   bicycle: 'yes',
-                   horse: 'yes'
-               },
-               service: {
-                   foot: 'yes',
-                   motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-                   bicycle: 'yes',
-                   horse: 'yes'
-               },
-               motorway_link: {
-                   foot: 'no',
-                   motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-                   bicycle: 'no',
-                   horse: 'no'
-               },
-               trunk_link: {
-                   motor_vehicle: 'yes'
-               },
-               primary_link: {
-                   foot: 'yes',
-                   motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-                   bicycle: 'yes',
-                   horse: 'yes'
-               },
-               secondary_link: {
-                   foot: 'yes',
-                   motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-                   bicycle: 'yes',
-                   horse: 'yes'
-               },
-               tertiary_link: {
-                   foot: 'yes',
-                   motor_vehicle: 'yes',
-                   bicycle: 'yes',
-                   horse: 'yes'
-               }
-           };
+         textarea.focus = function () {
+           input.node().focus();
+         };
 
+         return utilRebind(textarea, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           access.tags = function(tags) {
-               _tags = tags;
-
-               utilGetSetValue(items.selectAll('.preset-input-access'), function(d) {
-                       return typeof tags[d] === 'string' ? tags[d] : '';
-                   })
-                   .classed('mixed', function(d) {
-                       return tags[d] && Array.isArray(tags[d]);
-                   })
-                   .attr('title', function(d) {
-                       return tags[d] && Array.isArray(tags[d]) && tags[d].filter(Boolean).join('\n');
-                   })
-                   .attr('placeholder', function(d) {
-                       if (tags[d] && Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
-                           return _t('inspector.multiple_values');
-                       }
-                       if (d === 'access') {
-                           return 'yes';
-                       }
-                       if (tags.access && typeof tags.access === 'string') {
-                           return tags.access;
-                       }
-                       if (tags.highway) {
-                           if (typeof tags.highway === 'string') {
-                               if (placeholdersByHighway[tags.highway] &&
-                                   placeholdersByHighway[tags.highway][d]) {
+       function uiFieldWikidata(field, context) {
+         var wikidata = services.wikidata;
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
 
-                                   return placeholdersByHighway[tags.highway][d];
-                               }
-                           } else {
-                               var impliedAccesses = tags.highway.filter(Boolean).map(function(highwayVal) {
-                                   return placeholdersByHighway[highwayVal] && placeholdersByHighway[highwayVal][d];
-                               }).filter(Boolean);
-
-                               if (impliedAccesses.length === tags.highway.length &&
-                                   new Set(impliedAccesses).size === 1) {
-                                   // if all the highway values have the same implied access for this type then use that
-                                   return impliedAccesses[0];
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                       return field.placeholder();
-                   });
-           };
+         var _selection = select(null);
 
+         var _searchInput = select(null);
 
-           access.focus = function() {
-               items.selectAll('.preset-input-access')
-                   .node().focus();
-           };
+         var _qid = null;
+         var _wikidataEntity = null;
+         var _wikiURL = '';
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
+         var _wikipediaKey = field.keys && field.keys.find(function (key) {
+           return key.includes('wikipedia');
+         }),
+             _hintKey = field.key === 'wikidata' ? 'name' : field.key.split(':')[0];
 
-           return utilRebind(access, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+         var combobox = uiCombobox(context, 'combo-' + field.safeid).caseSensitive(true).minItems(1);
 
-       function uiFieldAddress(field, context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-           var _selection = select(null);
-           var _wrap = select(null);
-           var addrField = _mainPresetIndex.field('address');   // needed for placeholder strings
-
-           var _entityIDs = [];
-           var _tags;
-           var _countryCode;
-           var _addressFormats = [{
-               format: [
-                   ['housenumber', 'street'],
-                   ['city', 'postcode']
-               ]
-             }];
+         function wiki(selection) {
+           _selection = selection;
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type).merge(wrap);
+           var list = wrap.selectAll('ul').data([0]);
+           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'rows').merge(list);
+           var searchRow = list.selectAll('li.wikidata-search').data([0]);
+           var searchRowEnter = searchRow.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'wikidata-search');
+           searchRowEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('id', field.domId).style('flex', '1').call(utilNoAuto).on('focus', function () {
+             var node = select(this).node();
+             node.setSelectionRange(0, node.value.length);
+           }).on('blur', function () {
+             setLabelForEntity();
+           }).call(combobox.fetcher(fetchWikidataItems));
+           combobox.on('accept', function (d) {
+             if (d) {
+               _qid = d.id;
+               change();
+             }
+           }).on('cancel', function () {
+             setLabelForEntity();
+           });
+           searchRowEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'form-field-button wiki-link').attr('title', _t('icons.view_on', {
+             domain: 'wikidata.org'
+           })).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             if (_wikiURL) window.open(_wikiURL, '_blank');
+           });
+           searchRow = searchRow.merge(searchRowEnter);
+           _searchInput = searchRow.select('input');
+           var wikidataProperties = ['description', 'identifier'];
+           var items = list.selectAll('li.labeled-input').data(wikidataProperties); // Enter
 
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('address_formats')
-               .then(function(d) {
-                   _addressFormats = d;
-                   if (!_selection.empty()) {
-                       _selection.call(address);
-                   }
-               })
-               .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });
-
-
-           function getNearStreets() {
-               var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
-               var l = extent.center();
-               var box = geoExtent(l).padByMeters(200);
-
-               var streets = context.history().intersects(box)
-                   .filter(isAddressable)
-                   .map(function(d) {
-                       var loc = context.projection([
-                           (extent[0][0] + extent[1][0]) / 2,
-                           (extent[0][1] + extent[1][1]) / 2
-                       ]);
-                       var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(d), loc, context.projection);
-
-                       return {
-                           title: d.tags.name,
-                           value: d.tags.name,
-                           dist: choice.distance
-                       };
-                   })
-                   .sort(function(a, b) {
-                       return a.dist - b.dist;
-                   });
+           var enter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'labeled-input preset-wikidata-' + d;
+           });
+           enter.append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('wikidata.' + d);
+           });
+           enter.append('input').attr('type', 'text').call(utilNoAuto).classed('disabled', 'true').attr('readonly', 'true');
+           enter.append('button').attr('class', 'form-field-button').attr('title', _t('icons.copy')).call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-copy')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             select(this.parentNode).select('input').node().select();
+             document.execCommand('copy');
+           });
+         }
 
-               return utilArrayUniqBy(streets, 'value');
+         function fetchWikidataItems(q, callback) {
+           if (!q && _hintKey) {
+             // other tags may be good search terms
+             for (var i in _entityIDs) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
 
-               function isAddressable(d) {
-                   return d.tags.highway && d.tags.name && d.type === 'way';
+               if (entity.tags[_hintKey]) {
+                 q = entity.tags[_hintKey];
+                 break;
                }
+             }
            }
 
+           wikidata.itemsForSearchQuery(q, function (err, data) {
+             if (err) return;
 
-           function getNearCities() {
-               var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
-               var l = extent.center();
-               var box = geoExtent(l).padByMeters(200);
+             for (var i in data) {
+               data[i].value = data[i].label + ' (' + data[i].id + ')';
+               data[i].title = data[i].description;
+             }
 
-               var cities = context.history().intersects(box)
-                   .filter(isAddressable)
-                   .map(function(d) {
-                       return {
-                           title: d.tags['addr:city'] || d.tags.name,
-                           value: d.tags['addr:city'] || d.tags.name,
-                           dist: geoSphericalDistance(d.extent(context.graph()).center(), l)
-                       };
-                   })
-                   .sort(function(a, b) {
-                       return a.dist - b.dist;
-                   });
+             if (callback) callback(data);
+           });
+         }
 
-               return utilArrayUniqBy(cities, 'value');
+         function change() {
+           var syncTags = {};
+           syncTags[field.key] = _qid;
+           dispatch.call('change', this, syncTags); // attempt asynchronous update of wikidata tag..
 
+           var initGraph = context.graph();
+           var initEntityIDs = _entityIDs;
+           wikidata.entityByQID(_qid, function (err, entity) {
+             if (err) return; // If graph has changed, we can't apply this update.
 
-               function isAddressable(d) {
-                   if (d.tags.name) {
-                       if (d.tags.admin_level === '8' && d.tags.boundary === 'administrative')
-                           return true;
-                       if (d.tags.border_type === 'city')
-                           return true;
-                       if (d.tags.place === 'city' || d.tags.place === 'town' || d.tags.place === 'village')
-                           return true;
-                   }
+             if (context.graph() !== initGraph) return;
+             if (!entity.sitelinks) return;
+             var langs = wikidata.languagesToQuery(); // use the label and description languages as fallbacks
 
-                   if (d.tags['addr:city'])
-                       return true;
+             ['labels', 'descriptions'].forEach(function (key) {
+               if (!entity[key]) return;
+               var valueLangs = Object.keys(entity[key]);
+               if (valueLangs.length === 0) return;
+               var valueLang = valueLangs[0];
 
-                   return false;
+               if (langs.indexOf(valueLang) === -1) {
+                 langs.push(valueLang);
                }
-           }
-
-           function getNearValues(key) {
-               var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
-               var l = extent.center();
-               var box = geoExtent(l).padByMeters(200);
-
-               var results = context.history().intersects(box)
-                   .filter(function hasTag(d) { return _entityIDs.indexOf(d.id) === -1 && d.tags[key]; })
-                   .map(function(d) {
-                       return {
-                           title: d.tags[key],
-                           value: d.tags[key],
-                           dist: geoSphericalDistance(d.extent(context.graph()).center(), l)
-                       };
-                   })
-                   .sort(function(a, b) {
-                       return a.dist - b.dist;
-                   });
-
-               return utilArrayUniqBy(results, 'value');
-           }
+             });
+             var newWikipediaValue;
 
+             if (_wikipediaKey) {
+               var foundPreferred;
 
-           function updateForCountryCode() {
+               for (var i in langs) {
+                 var lang = langs[i];
+                 var siteID = lang.replace('-', '_') + 'wiki';
 
-               if (!_countryCode) return;
+                 if (entity.sitelinks[siteID]) {
+                   foundPreferred = true;
+                   newWikipediaValue = lang + ':' + entity.sitelinks[siteID].title; // use the first match
 
-               var addressFormat;
-               for (var i = 0; i < _addressFormats.length; i++) {
-                   var format = _addressFormats[i];
-                   if (!format.countryCodes) {
-                       addressFormat = format;   // choose the default format, keep going
-                   } else if (format.countryCodes.indexOf(_countryCode) !== -1) {
-                       addressFormat = format;   // choose the country format, stop here
-                       break;
-                   }
+                   break;
+                 }
                }
 
-               var dropdowns = addressFormat.dropdowns || [
-                   'city', 'county', 'country', 'district', 'hamlet',
-                   'neighbourhood', 'place', 'postcode', 'province',
-                   'quarter', 'state', 'street', 'subdistrict', 'suburb'
-               ];
-
-               var widths = addressFormat.widths || {
-                   housenumber: 1/3, street: 2/3,
-                   city: 2/3, state: 1/4, postcode: 1/3
-               };
-
-               function row(r) {
-                   // Normalize widths.
-                   var total = r.reduce(function(sum, key) {
-                       return sum + (widths[key] || 0.5);
-                   }, 0);
+               if (!foundPreferred) {
+                 // No wikipedia sites available in the user's language or the fallback languages,
+                 // default to any wikipedia sitelink
+                 var wikiSiteKeys = Object.keys(entity.sitelinks).filter(function (site) {
+                   return site.endsWith('wiki');
+                 });
 
-                   return r.map(function(key) {
-                       return {
-                           id: key,
-                           width: (widths[key] || 0.5) / total
-                       };
-                   });
+                 if (wikiSiteKeys.length === 0) {
+                   // if no wikipedia pages are linked to this wikidata entity, delete that tag
+                   newWikipediaValue = null;
+                 } else {
+                   var wikiLang = wikiSiteKeys[0].slice(0, -4).replace('_', '-');
+                   var wikiTitle = entity.sitelinks[wikiSiteKeys[0]].title;
+                   newWikipediaValue = wikiLang + ':' + wikiTitle;
+                 }
                }
+             }
 
-               var rows = _wrap.selectAll('.addr-row')
-                   .data(addressFormat.format, function(d) {
-                       return d.toString();
-                   });
+             if (newWikipediaValue) {
+               newWikipediaValue = context.cleanTagValue(newWikipediaValue);
+             }
 
-               rows.exit()
-                   .remove();
+             if (typeof newWikipediaValue === 'undefined') return;
+             var actions = initEntityIDs.map(function (entityID) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
+               if (!entity) return null;
+               var currTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-               rows
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'addr-row')
-                   .selectAll('input')
-                   .data(row)
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('input')
-                   .property('type', 'text')
-                   .call(updatePlaceholder)
-                   .attr('class', function (d) { return 'addr-' + d.id; })
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .each(addDropdown)
-                   .style('width', function (d) { return d.width * 100 + '%'; });
-
-
-               function addDropdown(d) {
-                   if (dropdowns.indexOf(d.id) === -1) return;  // not a dropdown
-
-                   var nearValues = (d.id === 'street') ? getNearStreets
-                       : (d.id === 'city') ? getNearCities
-                       : getNearValues;
-
-                   select(this)
-                       .call(uiCombobox(context, 'address-' + d.id)
-                           .minItems(1)
-                           .caseSensitive(true)
-                           .fetcher(function(value, callback) {
-                               callback(nearValues('addr:' + d.id));
-                           })
-                       );
+               if (newWikipediaValue === null) {
+                 if (!currTags[_wikipediaKey]) return null;
+                 delete currTags[_wikipediaKey];
+               } else {
+                 currTags[_wikipediaKey] = newWikipediaValue;
                }
 
-               _wrap.selectAll('input')
-                   .on('blur', change())
-                   .on('change', change());
+               return actionChangeTags(entityID, currTags);
+             }).filter(Boolean);
+             if (!actions.length) return; // Coalesce the update of wikidata tag into the previous tag change
 
-               _wrap.selectAll('input:not(.combobox-input)')
-                   .on('input', change(true));
+             context.overwrite(function actionUpdateWikipediaTags(graph) {
+               actions.forEach(function (action) {
+                 graph = action(graph);
+               });
+               return graph;
+             }, context.history().undoAnnotation()); // do not dispatch.call('change') here, because entity_editor
+             // changeTags() is not intended to be called asynchronously
+           });
+         }
 
-               if (_tags) updateTags(_tags);
-           }
+         function setLabelForEntity() {
+           var label = '';
 
+           if (_wikidataEntity) {
+             label = entityPropertyForDisplay(_wikidataEntity, 'labels');
 
-           function address(selection) {
-               _selection = selection;
+             if (label.length === 0) {
+               label = _wikidataEntity.id.toString();
+             }
+           }
 
-               _wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
-                   .data([0]);
+           utilGetSetValue(_searchInput, label);
+         }
 
-               _wrap = _wrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
-                   .merge(_wrap);
+         wiki.tags = function (tags) {
+           var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
 
-               var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
+           _searchInput.attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null).attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : '').classed('mixed', isMixed);
 
-               if (extent) {
-                   var countryCode;
-                   if (context.inIntro()) {
-                       // localize the address format for the walkthrough
-                       countryCode = _t('intro.graph.countrycode');
-                   } else {
-                       var center = extent.center();
-                       countryCode = iso1A2Code(center);
-                   }
-                   if (countryCode) {
-                       _countryCode = countryCode.toLowerCase();
-                       updateForCountryCode();
-                   }
-               }
-           }
+           _qid = typeof tags[field.key] === 'string' && tags[field.key] || '';
 
+           if (!/^Q[0-9]*$/.test(_qid)) {
+             // not a proper QID
+             unrecognized();
+             return;
+           } // QID value in correct format
 
-           function change(onInput) {
-               return function() {
-                   var tags = {};
 
-                   _wrap.selectAll('input')
-                       .each(function (subfield) {
-                           var key = field.key + ':' + subfield.id;
+           _wikiURL = 'https://wikidata.org/wiki/' + _qid;
+           wikidata.entityByQID(_qid, function (err, entity) {
+             if (err) {
+               unrecognized();
+               return;
+             }
 
-                           var value = this.value;
-                           if (!onInput) value = context.cleanTagValue(value);
+             _wikidataEntity = entity;
+             setLabelForEntity();
+             var description = entityPropertyForDisplay(entity, 'descriptions');
 
-                           // don't override multiple values with blank string
-                           if (Array.isArray(_tags[key]) && !value) return;
+             _selection.select('button.wiki-link').classed('disabled', false);
 
-                           tags[key] = value || undefined;
-                       });
+             _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-description').style('display', function () {
+               return description.length > 0 ? 'flex' : 'none';
+             }).select('input').attr('value', description);
 
-                   dispatch$1.call('change', this, tags, onInput);
-               };
-           }
+             _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-identifier').style('display', function () {
+               return entity.id ? 'flex' : 'none';
+             }).select('input').attr('value', entity.id);
+           }); // not a proper QID
 
-           function updatePlaceholder(inputSelection) {
-               return inputSelection.attr('placeholder', function(subfield) {
-                   if (_tags && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id])) {
-                       return _t('inspector.multiple_values');
-                   }
-                   if (_countryCode) {
-                       var localkey = subfield.id + '!' + _countryCode;
-                       var tkey = addrField.strings.placeholders[localkey] ? localkey : subfield.id;
-                       return addrField.t('placeholders.' + tkey);
-                   }
-               });
-           }
+           function unrecognized() {
+             _wikidataEntity = null;
+             setLabelForEntity();
 
+             _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-description').style('display', 'none');
 
-           function updateTags(tags) {
-               utilGetSetValue(_wrap.selectAll('input'), function (subfield) {
-                       var val = tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id];
-                       return typeof val === 'string' ? val : '';
-                   })
-                   .attr('title', function(subfield) {
-                       var val = tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id];
-                       return val && Array.isArray(val) && val.filter(Boolean).join('\n');
-                   })
-                   .classed('mixed', function(subfield) {
-                       return Array.isArray(tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id]);
-                   })
-                   .call(updatePlaceholder);
-           }
+             _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-identifier').style('display', 'none');
 
+             _selection.select('button.wiki-link').classed('disabled', true);
 
-           function combinedEntityExtent() {
-               return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+             if (_qid && _qid !== '') {
+               _wikiURL = 'https://wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Search?search=' + _qid;
+             } else {
+               _wikiURL = '';
+             }
            }
+         };
 
+         function entityPropertyForDisplay(wikidataEntity, propKey) {
+           if (!wikidataEntity[propKey]) return '';
+           var propObj = wikidataEntity[propKey];
+           var langKeys = Object.keys(propObj);
+           if (langKeys.length === 0) return ''; // sorted by priority, since we want to show the user's language first if possible
 
-           address.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-               _entityIDs = val;
-               return address;
-           };
+           var langs = wikidata.languagesToQuery();
 
+           for (var i in langs) {
+             var lang = langs[i];
+             var valueObj = propObj[lang];
+             if (valueObj && valueObj.value && valueObj.value.length > 0) return valueObj.value;
+           } // default to any available value
 
-           address.tags = function(tags) {
-               _tags = tags;
-               updateTags(tags);
-           };
 
+           return propObj[langKeys[0]].value;
+         }
 
-           address.focus = function() {
-               var node = _wrap.selectAll('input').node();
-               if (node) node.focus();
-           };
+         wiki.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return wiki;
+         };
 
+         wiki.focus = function () {
+           _searchInput.node().focus();
+         };
 
-           return utilRebind(address, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return utilRebind(wiki, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       function uiFieldCycleway(field, context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-           var items = select(null);
-           var wrap = select(null);
-           var _tags;
-
-           function cycleway(selection) {
+       function uiFieldWikipedia(field, context) {
+         var _arguments = arguments;
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var wikipedia = services.wikipedia;
+         var wikidata = services.wikidata;
 
-               function stripcolon(s) {
-                   return s.replace(':', '');
-               }
+         var _langInput = select(null);
 
+         var _titleInput = select(null);
 
-               wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
-                   .data([0]);
+         var _wikiURL = '';
 
-               wrap = wrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
-                   .merge(wrap);
+         var _entityIDs;
 
+         var _tags;
 
-               var div = wrap.selectAll('ul')
-                   .data([0]);
+         var _dataWikipedia = [];
+         _mainFileFetcher.get('wmf_sitematrix').then(function (d) {
+           _dataWikipedia = d;
+           if (_tags) updateForTags(_tags);
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
+         });
+         var langCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'wikipedia-lang').fetcher(function (value, callback) {
+           var v = value.toLowerCase();
+           callback(_dataWikipedia.filter(function (d) {
+             return d[0].toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 || d[1].toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 || d[2].toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0;
+           }).map(function (d) {
+             return {
+               value: d[1]
+             };
+           }));
+         });
+         var titleCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'wikipedia-title').fetcher(function (value, callback) {
+           if (!value) {
+             value = '';
 
-               div = div.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'rows')
-                   .merge(div);
+             for (var i in _entityIDs) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
 
-               var keys = ['cycleway:left', 'cycleway:right'];
+               if (entity.tags.name) {
+                 value = entity.tags.name;
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-               items = div.selectAll('li')
-                   .data(keys);
+           var searchfn = value.length > 7 ? wikipedia.search : wikipedia.suggestions;
+           searchfn(language()[2], value, function (query, data) {
+             callback(data.map(function (d) {
+               return {
+                 value: d
+               };
+             }));
+           });
+         });
 
-               var enter = items.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'labeled-input preset-cycleway-' + stripcolon(d); });
+         function wiki(selection) {
+           var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap').data([0]);
+           wrap = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', "form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-".concat(field.type)).merge(wrap);
+           var langContainer = wrap.selectAll('.wiki-lang-container').data([0]);
+           langContainer = langContainer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'wiki-lang-container').merge(langContainer);
+           _langInput = langContainer.selectAll('input.wiki-lang').data([0]);
+           _langInput = _langInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'wiki-lang').attr('placeholder', _t('translate.localized_translation_language')).call(utilNoAuto).call(langCombo).merge(_langInput);
+
+           _langInput.on('blur', changeLang).on('change', changeLang);
+
+           var titleContainer = wrap.selectAll('.wiki-title-container').data([0]);
+           titleContainer = titleContainer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'wiki-title-container').merge(titleContainer);
+           _titleInput = titleContainer.selectAll('input.wiki-title').data([0]);
+           _titleInput = _titleInput.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'wiki-title').attr('id', field.domId).call(utilNoAuto).call(titleCombo).merge(_titleInput);
+
+           _titleInput.on('blur', function () {
+             change(true);
+           }).on('change', function () {
+             change(false);
+           });
 
-               enter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'label preset-label-cycleway')
-                   .attr('for', function(d) { return 'preset-input-cycleway-' + stripcolon(d); })
-                   .text(function(d) { return field.t('types.' + d); });
+           var link = titleContainer.selectAll('.wiki-link').data([0]);
+           link = link.enter().append('button').attr('class', 'form-field-button wiki-link').attr('title', _t('icons.view_on', {
+             domain: 'wikipedia.org'
+           })).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link')).merge(link);
+           link.on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             if (_wikiURL) window.open(_wikiURL, '_blank');
+           });
+         }
 
-               enter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'preset-input-cycleway-wrap')
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'text')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'preset-input-cycleway preset-input-' + stripcolon(d); })
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       select(this)
-                           .call(uiCombobox(context, 'cycleway-' + stripcolon(d))
-                               .data(cycleway.options(d))
-                           );
-                   });
+         function defaultLanguageInfo(skipEnglishFallback) {
+           var langCode = _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase();
 
-               items = items.merge(enter);
+           for (var i in _dataWikipedia) {
+             var d = _dataWikipedia[i]; // default to the language of iD's current locale
 
-               // Update
-               wrap.selectAll('.preset-input-cycleway')
-                   .on('change', change)
-                   .on('blur', change);
-           }
+             if (d[2] === langCode) return d;
+           } // fallback to English
 
 
-           function change(key) {
+           return skipEnglishFallback ? ['', '', ''] : ['English', 'English', 'en'];
+         }
 
-               var newValue = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(select(this)));
+         function language(skipEnglishFallback) {
+           var value = utilGetSetValue(_langInput).toLowerCase();
 
-               // don't override multiple values with blank string
-               if (!newValue && (Array.isArray(_tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(_tags[key]))) return;
+           for (var i in _dataWikipedia) {
+             var d = _dataWikipedia[i]; // return the language already set in the UI, if supported
 
-               if (newValue === 'none' || newValue === '') { newValue = undefined; }
+             if (d[0].toLowerCase() === value || d[1].toLowerCase() === value || d[2] === value) return d;
+           } // fallback to English
 
-               var otherKey = key === 'cycleway:left' ? 'cycleway:right' : 'cycleway:left';
-               var otherValue = typeof _tags.cycleway === 'string' ? _tags.cycleway : _tags[otherKey];
-               if (otherValue && Array.isArray(otherValue)) {
-                   // we must always have an explicit value for comparison
-                   otherValue = otherValue[0];
-               }
-               if (otherValue === 'none' || otherValue === '') { otherValue = undefined; }
 
-               var tag = {};
+           return defaultLanguageInfo(skipEnglishFallback);
+         }
 
-               // If the left and right tags match, use the cycleway tag to tag both
-               // sides the same way
-               if (newValue === otherValue) {
-                   tag = {
-                       cycleway: newValue,
-                       'cycleway:left': undefined,
-                       'cycleway:right': undefined
-                   };
-               } else {
-                   // Always set both left and right as changing one can affect the other
-                   tag = {
-                       cycleway: undefined
-                   };
-                   tag[key] = newValue;
-                   tag[otherKey] = otherValue;
-               }
+         function changeLang() {
+           utilGetSetValue(_langInput, language()[1]);
+           change(true);
+         }
 
-               dispatch$1.call('change', this, tag);
-           }
+         function change(skipWikidata) {
+           var value = utilGetSetValue(_titleInput);
+           var m = value.match(/https?:\/\/([-a-z]+)\.wikipedia\.org\/(?:wiki|\1-[-a-z]+)\/([^#]+)(?:#(.+))?/);
 
+           var langInfo = m && _dataWikipedia.find(function (d) {
+             return m[1] === d[2];
+           });
 
-           cycleway.options = function() {
-               return Object.keys(field.strings.options).map(function(option) {
-                   return {
-                       title: field.t('options.' + option + '.description'),
-                       value: option
-                   };
-               });
-           };
+           var syncTags = {};
 
+           if (langInfo) {
+             var nativeLangName = langInfo[1]; // Normalize title http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API:Query#Title_normalization
 
-           cycleway.tags = function(tags) {
-               _tags = tags;
+             value = decodeURIComponent(m[2]).replace(/_/g, ' ');
 
-               // If cycleway is set, use that instead of individual values
-               var commonValue = typeof tags.cycleway === 'string' && tags.cycleway;
+             if (m[3]) {
+               var anchor; // try {
+               // leave this out for now - #6232
+               // Best-effort `anchordecode:` implementation
+               // anchor = decodeURIComponent(m[3].replace(/\.([0-9A-F]{2})/g, '%$1'));
+               // } catch (e) {
 
-               utilGetSetValue(items.selectAll('.preset-input-cycleway'), function(d) {
-                       if (commonValue) return commonValue;
-                       return !tags.cycleway && typeof tags[d] === 'string' ? tags[d] : '';
-                   })
-                   .attr('title', function(d) {
-                       if (Array.isArray(tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
-                           var vals = [];
-                           if (Array.isArray(tags.cycleway)) {
-                               vals = vals.concat(tags.cycleway);
-                           }
-                           if (Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
-                               vals = vals.concat(tags[d]);
-                           }
-                           return vals.filter(Boolean).join('\n');
-                       }
-                       return null;
-                   })
-                   .attr('placeholder', function(d) {
-                       if (Array.isArray(tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
-                           return _t('inspector.multiple_values');
-                       }
-                       return field.placeholder();
-                   })
-                   .classed('mixed', function(d) {
-                       return Array.isArray(tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(tags[d]);
-                   });
-           };
+               anchor = decodeURIComponent(m[3]); // }
 
+               value += '#' + anchor.replace(/_/g, ' ');
+             }
 
-           cycleway.focus = function() {
-               var node = wrap.selectAll('input').node();
-               if (node) node.focus();
-           };
+             value = value.slice(0, 1).toUpperCase() + value.slice(1);
+             utilGetSetValue(_langInput, nativeLangName);
+             utilGetSetValue(_titleInput, value);
+           }
 
+           if (value) {
+             syncTags.wikipedia = context.cleanTagValue(language()[2] + ':' + value);
+           } else {
+             syncTags.wikipedia = undefined;
+           }
 
-           return utilRebind(cycleway, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           dispatch.call('change', this, syncTags);
+           if (skipWikidata || !value || !language()[2]) return; // attempt asynchronous update of wikidata tag..
 
-       function uiFieldLanes(field, context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-           var LANE_WIDTH = 40;
-           var LANE_HEIGHT = 200;
-           var _entityIDs = [];
+           var initGraph = context.graph();
+           var initEntityIDs = _entityIDs;
+           wikidata.itemsByTitle(language()[2], value, function (err, data) {
+             if (err || !data || !Object.keys(data).length) return; // If graph has changed, we can't apply this update.
 
-           function lanes(selection) {
-               var lanesData = context.entity(_entityIDs[0]).lanes();
+             if (context.graph() !== initGraph) return;
+             var qids = Object.keys(data);
+             var value = qids && qids.find(function (id) {
+               return id.match(/^Q\d+$/);
+             });
+             var actions = initEntityIDs.map(function (entityID) {
+               var entity = context.entity(entityID).tags;
+               var currTags = Object.assign({}, entity); // shallow copy
 
-               if (!context.container().select('.inspector-wrap.inspector-hidden').empty() || !selection.node().parentNode) {
-                   selection.call(lanes.off);
-                   return;
+               if (currTags.wikidata !== value) {
+                 currTags.wikidata = value;
+                 return actionChangeTags(entityID, currTags);
                }
 
-               var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
-                   .data([0]);
-
-               wrap = wrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
-                   .merge(wrap);
-
-               var surface =  wrap.selectAll('.surface')
-                   .data([0]);
-
-               var d = utilGetDimensions(wrap);
-               var freeSpace = d[0] - lanesData.lanes.length * LANE_WIDTH * 1.5 + LANE_WIDTH * 0.5;
+               return null;
+             }).filter(Boolean);
+             if (!actions.length) return; // Coalesce the update of wikidata tag into the previous tag change
 
-               surface = surface.enter()
-                   .append('svg')
-                   .attr('width', d[0])
-                   .attr('height', 300)
-                   .attr('class', 'surface')
-                   .merge(surface);
+             context.overwrite(function actionUpdateWikidataTags(graph) {
+               actions.forEach(function (action) {
+                 graph = action(graph);
+               });
+               return graph;
+             }, context.history().undoAnnotation()); // do not dispatch.call('change') here, because entity_editor
+             // changeTags() is not intended to be called asynchronously
+           });
+         }
 
+         wiki.tags = function (tags) {
+           _tags = tags;
+           updateForTags(tags);
+         };
 
-               var lanesSelection = surface.selectAll('.lanes')
-                   .data([0]);
+         function updateForTags(tags) {
+           var value = typeof tags[field.key] === 'string' ? tags[field.key] : ''; // Expect tag format of `tagLang:tagArticleTitle`, e.g. `fr:Paris`, with
+           // optional suffix of `#anchor`
 
-               lanesSelection = lanesSelection.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'lanes')
-                   .merge(lanesSelection);
+           var m = value.match(/([^:]+):([^#]+)(?:#(.+))?/);
+           var tagLang = m && m[1];
+           var tagArticleTitle = m && m[2];
+           var anchor = m && m[3];
 
-               lanesSelection
-                   .attr('transform', function () {
-                       return 'translate(' + (freeSpace / 2) + ', 0)';
-                   });
+           var tagLangInfo = tagLang && _dataWikipedia.find(function (d) {
+             return tagLang === d[2];
+           }); // value in correct format
 
 
-               var lane = lanesSelection.selectAll('.lane')
-                  .data(lanesData.lanes);
-
-               lane.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               var enter = lane.enter()
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'lane');
-
-               enter
-                   .append('g')
-                   .append('rect')
-                   .attr('y', 50)
-                   .attr('width', LANE_WIDTH)
-                   .attr('height', LANE_HEIGHT);
-
-               enter
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'forward')
-                   .append('text')
-                   .attr('y', 40)
-                   .attr('x', 14)
-                   .text('▲');
-
-               enter
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'bothways')
-                   .append('text')
-                   .attr('y', 40)
-                   .attr('x', 14)
-                   .text('▲▼');
-
-               enter
-                   .append('g')
-                   .attr('class', 'backward')
-                   .append('text')
-                   .attr('y', 40)
-                   .attr('x', 14)
-                   .text('▼');
-
-
-               lane = lane
-                   .merge(enter);
-
-               lane
-                   .attr('transform', function(d) {
-                       return 'translate(' + (LANE_WIDTH * d.index * 1.5) + ', 0)';
-                   });
+           if (tagLangInfo) {
+             var nativeLangName = tagLangInfo[1];
+             utilGetSetValue(_langInput, nativeLangName);
+             utilGetSetValue(_titleInput, tagArticleTitle + (anchor ? '#' + anchor : ''));
 
-               lane.select('.forward')
-                   .style('visibility', function(d) {
-                       return d.direction === 'forward' ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
-                   });
+             if (anchor) {
+               try {
+                 // Best-effort `anchorencode:` implementation
+                 anchor = encodeURIComponent(anchor.replace(/ /g, '_')).replace(/%/g, '.');
+               } catch (e) {
+                 anchor = anchor.replace(/ /g, '_');
+               }
+             }
 
-               lane.select('.bothways')
-                   .style('visibility', function(d) {
-                       return d.direction === 'bothways' ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
-                   });
+             _wikiURL = 'https://' + tagLang + '.wikipedia.org/wiki/' + tagArticleTitle.replace(/ /g, '_') + (anchor ? '#' + anchor : ''); // unrecognized value format
+           } else {
+             utilGetSetValue(_titleInput, value);
 
-               lane.select('.backward')
-                   .style('visibility', function(d) {
-                       return d.direction === 'backward' ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
-                   });
+             if (value && value !== '') {
+               utilGetSetValue(_langInput, '');
+               var defaultLangInfo = defaultLanguageInfo();
+               _wikiURL = "https://".concat(defaultLangInfo[2], ".wikipedia.org/w/index.php?fulltext=1&search=").concat(value);
+             } else {
+               var shownOrDefaultLangInfo = language(true
+               /* skipEnglishFallback */
+               );
+               utilGetSetValue(_langInput, shownOrDefaultLangInfo[1]);
+               _wikiURL = '';
+             }
            }
+         }
 
+         wiki.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!_arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return wiki;
+         };
 
-           lanes.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               _entityIDs = val;
-           };
-
-           lanes.tags = function() {};
-           lanes.focus = function() {};
-           lanes.off = function() {};
+         wiki.focus = function () {
+           _titleInput.node().focus();
+         };
 
-           return utilRebind(lanes, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return utilRebind(wiki, dispatch, 'on');
        }
+       uiFieldWikipedia.supportsMultiselection = false;
 
-       uiFieldLanes.supportsMultiselection = false;
+       var uiFields = {
+         access: uiFieldAccess,
+         address: uiFieldAddress,
+         check: uiFieldCheck,
+         combo: uiFieldCombo,
+         cycleway: uiFieldCycleway,
+         defaultCheck: uiFieldCheck,
+         email: uiFieldText,
+         identifier: uiFieldText,
+         lanes: uiFieldLanes,
+         localized: uiFieldLocalized,
+         roadheight: uiFieldRoadheight,
+         roadspeed: uiFieldRoadspeed,
+         manyCombo: uiFieldCombo,
+         multiCombo: uiFieldCombo,
+         networkCombo: uiFieldCombo,
+         number: uiFieldText,
+         onewayCheck: uiFieldCheck,
+         radio: uiFieldRadio,
+         restrictions: uiFieldRestrictions,
+         semiCombo: uiFieldCombo,
+         structureRadio: uiFieldRadio,
+         tel: uiFieldText,
+         text: uiFieldText,
+         textarea: uiFieldTextarea,
+         typeCombo: uiFieldCombo,
+         url: uiFieldText,
+         wikidata: uiFieldWikidata,
+         wikipedia: uiFieldWikipedia
+       };
 
-       var _languagesArray = [];
+       function uiField(context, presetField, entityIDs, options) {
+         options = Object.assign({
+           show: true,
+           wrap: true,
+           remove: true,
+           revert: true,
+           info: true
+         }, options);
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change', 'revert');
+         var field = Object.assign({}, presetField); // shallow copy
 
+         field.domId = utilUniqueDomId('form-field-' + field.safeid);
+         var _show = options.show;
+         var _state = '';
+         var _tags = {};
 
-       function uiFieldLocalized(field, context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change', 'input');
-           var wikipedia = services.wikipedia;
-           var input = select(null);
-           var localizedInputs = select(null);
-           var _countryCode;
-           var _tags;
+         var _entityExtent;
+
+         if (entityIDs && entityIDs.length) {
+           _entityExtent = entityIDs.reduce(function (extent, entityID) {
+             var entity = context.graph().entity(entityID);
+             return extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
+           }, geoExtent());
+         }
+
+         var _locked = false;
 
+         var _lockedTip = uiTooltip().title(_t.html('inspector.lock.suggestion', {
+           label: field.label
+         })).placement('bottom');
 
-           // A concern here in switching to async data means that _languagesArray will not
-           // be available the first time through, so things like the fetchers and
-           // the language() function will not work immediately.
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('languages')
-               .then(loadLanguagesArray)
-               .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });
+         field.keys = field.keys || [field.key]; // only create the fields that are actually being shown
 
-           var _territoryLanguages = {};
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('territory_languages')
-               .then(function(d) { _territoryLanguages = d; })
-               .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });
+         if (_show && !field.impl) {
+           createField();
+         } // Creates the field.. This is done lazily,
+         // once we know that the field will be shown.
 
 
-           var allSuggestions = _mainPresetIndex.collection.filter(function(p) {
-               return p.suggestion === true;
+         function createField() {
+           field.impl = uiFields[field.type](field, context).on('change', function (t, onInput) {
+             dispatch.call('change', field, t, onInput);
            });
 
-           // reuse these combos
-           var langCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'localized-lang')
-               .fetcher(fetchLanguages)
-               .minItems(0);
+           if (entityIDs) {
+             field.entityIDs = entityIDs; // if this field cares about the entities, pass them along
 
-           var brandCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'localized-brand')
-               .canAutocomplete(false)
-               .minItems(1);
+             if (field.impl.entityIDs) {
+               field.impl.entityIDs(entityIDs);
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-           var _selection = select(null);
-           var _multilingual = [];
-           var _buttonTip = uiTooltip()
-               .title(_t('translate.translate'))
-               .placement('left');
-           var _wikiTitles;
-           var _entityIDs = [];
+         function isModified() {
+           if (!entityIDs || !entityIDs.length) return false;
+           return entityIDs.some(function (entityID) {
+             var original = context.graph().base().entities[entityID];
+             var latest = context.graph().entity(entityID);
+             return field.keys.some(function (key) {
+               return original ? latest.tags[key] !== original.tags[key] : latest.tags[key];
+             });
+           });
+         }
 
+         function tagsContainFieldKey() {
+           return field.keys.some(function (key) {
+             if (field.type === 'multiCombo') {
+               for (var tagKey in _tags) {
+                 if (tagKey.indexOf(key) === 0) {
+                   return true;
+                 }
+               }
 
-           function loadLanguagesArray(dataLanguages) {
-               if (_languagesArray.length !== 0) return;
+               return false;
+             }
 
-               // some conversion is needed to ensure correct OSM tags are used
-               var replacements = {
-                   sr: 'sr-Cyrl',      // in OSM, `sr` implies Cyrillic
-                   'sr-Cyrl': false    // `sr-Cyrl` isn't used in OSM
-               };
+             return _tags[key] !== undefined;
+           });
+         }
 
-               for (var code in dataLanguages) {
-                   if (replacements[code] === false) continue;
-                   var metaCode = code;
-                   if (replacements[code]) metaCode = replacements[code];
+         function revert(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           if (!entityIDs || _locked) return;
+           dispatch.call('revert', d, d.keys);
+         }
 
-                   _languagesArray.push({
-                       localName: _mainLocalizer.languageName(metaCode, { localOnly: true }),
-                       nativeName: dataLanguages[metaCode].nativeName,
-                       code: code,
-                       label: _mainLocalizer.languageName(metaCode)
-                   });
-               }
-           }
+         function remove(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           if (_locked) return;
+           var t = {};
+           d.keys.forEach(function (key) {
+             t[key] = undefined;
+           });
+           dispatch.call('change', d, t);
+         }
 
+         field.render = function (selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.form-field').data([field]); // Enter
 
-           function calcLocked() {
+           var enter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'form-field form-field-' + d.safeid;
+           }).classed('nowrap', !options.wrap);
 
-               // only lock the Name field
-               var isLocked = field.id === 'name' &&
-                   _entityIDs.length &&
-                   // lock the field if any feature needs it
-                   _entityIDs.some(function(entityID) {
+           if (options.wrap) {
+             var labelEnter = enter.append('label').attr('class', 'field-label').attr('for', function (d) {
+               return d.domId;
+             });
+             var textEnter = labelEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label-text');
+             textEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label-textvalue').html(function (d) {
+               return d.label();
+             });
+             textEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label-textannotation');
 
-                       var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(entityID);
-                       if (!entity) return false;
+             if (options.remove) {
+               labelEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'remove-icon').attr('title', _t('icons.remove')).call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));
+             }
 
-                       var original = context.graph().base().entities[_entityIDs[0]];
-                       var hasOriginalName = original && entity.tags.name && entity.tags.name === original.tags.name;
-                       // if the name was already edited manually then allow further editing
-                       if (!hasOriginalName) return false;
+             if (options.revert) {
+               labelEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'modified-icon').attr('title', _t('icons.undo')).call(svgIcon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-redo' : '#iD-icon-undo'));
+             }
+           } // Update
 
-                       // features linked to Wikidata are likely important and should be protected
-                       if (entity.tags.wikidata) return true;
 
-                       // assume the name has already been confirmed if its source has been researched
-                       if (entity.tags['name:etymology:wikidata']) return true;
+           container = container.merge(enter);
+           container.select('.field-label > .remove-icon') // propagate bound data
+           .on('click', remove);
+           container.select('.field-label > .modified-icon') // propagate bound data
+           .on('click', revert);
+           container.each(function (d) {
+             var selection = select(this);
 
-                       var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
-                       var isSuggestion = preset && preset.suggestion;
-                       var showsBrand = preset && preset.originalFields.filter(function(d) {
-                           return d.id === 'brand';
-                       }).length;
-                       // protect standardized brand names
-                       return isSuggestion && !showsBrand;
-                   });
+             if (!d.impl) {
+               createField();
+             }
 
-               field.locked(isLocked);
-           }
+             var reference, help; // instantiate field help
 
+             if (options.wrap && field.type === 'restrictions') {
+               help = uiFieldHelp(context, 'restrictions');
+             } // instantiate tag reference
 
-           // update _multilingual, maintaining the existing order
-           function calcMultilingual(tags) {
-               var existingLangsOrdered = _multilingual.map(function(item) {
-                   return item.lang;
-               });
-               var existingLangs = new Set(existingLangsOrdered.filter(Boolean));
 
-               for (var k in tags) {
-                   var m = k.match(/^(.*):([a-zA-Z_-]+)$/);
-                   if (m && m[1] === field.key && m[2]) {
-                       var item = { lang: m[2], value: tags[k] };
-                       if (existingLangs.has(item.lang)) {
-                           // update the value
-                           _multilingual[existingLangsOrdered.indexOf(item.lang)].value = item.value;
-                           existingLangs.delete(item.lang);
-                       } else {
-                           _multilingual.push(item);
-                       }
-                   }
+             if (options.wrap && options.info) {
+               var referenceKey = d.key || '';
+
+               if (d.type === 'multiCombo') {
+                 // lookup key without the trailing ':'
+                 referenceKey = referenceKey.replace(/:$/, '');
                }
 
-               _multilingual = _multilingual.filter(function(item) {
-                   return !item.lang || !existingLangs.has(item.lang);
+               reference = uiTagReference(d.reference || {
+                 key: referenceKey
                });
-           }
-
 
-           function localized(selection) {
-               _selection = selection;
-               calcLocked();
-               var isLocked = field.locked();
-               var singularEntity = _entityIDs.length === 1 && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
-               var preset = singularEntity && _mainPresetIndex.match(singularEntity, context.graph());
+               if (_state === 'hover') {
+                 reference.showing(false);
+               }
+             }
 
-               var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
-                   .data([0]);
+             selection.call(d.impl); // add field help components
 
-               // enter/update
-               wrap = wrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
-                   .merge(wrap);
-
-               input = wrap.selectAll('.localized-main')
-                   .data([0]);
-
-               // enter/update
-               input = input.enter()
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'text')
-                   .attr('id', field.domId)
-                   .attr('class', 'localized-main')
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .merge(input);
-
-               if (preset && field.id === 'name') {
-                   var pTag = preset.id.split('/', 2);
-                   var pKey = pTag[0];
-                   var pValue = pTag[1];
-
-                   if (!preset.suggestion) {
-                       // Not a suggestion preset - Add a suggestions dropdown if it makes sense to.
-                       // This code attempts to determine if the matched preset is the
-                       // kind of preset that even can benefit from name suggestions..
-                       // - true = shops, cafes, hotels, etc. (also generic and fallback presets)
-                       // - false = churches, parks, hospitals, etc. (things not in the index)
-                       var isFallback = preset.isFallback();
-                       var goodSuggestions = allSuggestions.filter(function(s) {
-                           if (isFallback) return true;
-                           var sTag = s.id.split('/', 2);
-                           var sKey = sTag[0];
-                           var sValue = sTag[1];
-                           return pKey === sKey && (!pValue || pValue === sValue);
-                       });
+             if (help) {
+               selection.call(help.body).select('.field-label').call(help.button);
+             } // add tag reference components
 
-                       // Show the suggestions.. If the user picks one, change the tags..
-                       if (allSuggestions.length && goodSuggestions.length) {
-                           input
-                               .on('blur.localized', checkBrandOnBlur)
-                               .call(brandCombo
-                                   .fetcher(fetchBrandNames(preset, allSuggestions))
-                                   .on('accept', acceptBrand)
-                                   .on('cancel', cancelBrand)
-                               );
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
 
-               input
-                   .classed('disabled', !!isLocked)
-                   .attr('readonly', isLocked || null)
-                   .on('input', change(true))
-                   .on('blur', change())
-                   .on('change', change());
+             if (reference) {
+               selection.call(reference.body).select('.field-label').call(reference.button);
+             }
 
+             d.impl.tags(_tags);
+           });
+           container.classed('locked', _locked).classed('modified', isModified()).classed('present', tagsContainFieldKey()); // show a tip and lock icon if the field is locked
 
-               var translateButton = wrap.selectAll('.localized-add')
-                   .data([0]);
+           var annotation = container.selectAll('.field-label .label-textannotation');
+           var icon = annotation.selectAll('.icon').data(_locked ? [0] : []);
+           icon.exit().remove();
+           icon.enter().append('svg').attr('class', 'icon').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#fas-lock');
+           container.call(_locked ? _lockedTip : _lockedTip.destroy);
+         };
 
-               translateButton = translateButton.enter()
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'localized-add form-field-button')
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus'))
-                   .merge(translateButton);
+         field.state = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
+           _state = val;
+           return field;
+         };
 
-               translateButton
-                   .classed('disabled', !!isLocked)
-                   .call(isLocked ? _buttonTip.destroy : _buttonTip)
-                   .on('click', addNew);
+         field.tags = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
+           _tags = val;
 
+           if (tagsContainFieldKey() && !_show) {
+             // always show a field if it has a value to display
+             _show = true;
 
-               if (_tags && !_multilingual.length) {
-                   calcMultilingual(_tags);
-               }
+             if (!field.impl) {
+               createField();
+             }
+           }
 
-               localizedInputs = selection.selectAll('.localized-multilingual')
-                   .data([0]);
+           return field;
+         };
 
-               localizedInputs = localizedInputs.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'localized-multilingual')
-                   .merge(localizedInputs);
+         field.locked = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _locked;
+           _locked = val;
+           return field;
+         };
 
-               localizedInputs
-                   .call(renderMultilingual);
+         field.show = function () {
+           _show = true;
 
-               localizedInputs.selectAll('button, input')
-                   .classed('disabled', !!isLocked)
-                   .attr('readonly', isLocked || null);
+           if (!field.impl) {
+             createField();
+           }
 
+           if (field["default"] && field.key && _tags[field.key] !== field["default"]) {
+             var t = {};
+             t[field.key] = field["default"];
+             dispatch.call('change', this, t);
+           }
+         }; // A shown field has a visible UI, a non-shown field is in the 'Add field' dropdown
 
 
-               // We are not guaranteed to get an `accept` or `cancel` when blurring the field.
-               // (This can happen if the user actives the combo, arrows down, and then clicks off to blur)
-               // So compare the current field value against the suggestions one last time.
-               function checkBrandOnBlur() {
-                   var latest = _entityIDs.length === 1 && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
-                   if (!latest) return;   // deleting the entity blurred the field?
+         field.isShown = function () {
+           return _show;
+         }; // An allowed field can appear in the UI or in the 'Add field' dropdown.
+         // A non-allowed field is hidden from the user altogether
 
-                   var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(latest, context.graph());
-                   if (preset && preset.suggestion) return;   // already accepted
 
-                   // note: here we are testing against "decorated" names, i.e. 'Starbucks – Cafe'
-                   var name = utilGetSetValue(input).trim();
-                   var matched = allSuggestions.filter(function(s) { return name === s.name(); });
+         field.isAllowed = function () {
+           if (entityIDs && entityIDs.length > 1 && uiFields[field.type].supportsMultiselection === false) return false;
+           if (field.geometry && !entityIDs.every(function (entityID) {
+             return field.matchGeometry(context.graph().geometry(entityID));
+           })) return false;
 
-                   if (matched.length === 1) {
-                       acceptBrand({ suggestion: matched[0] });
-                   } else {
-                       cancelBrand();
-                   }
-               }
+           if (entityIDs && _entityExtent && field.locationSetID) {
+             // is field allowed in this location?
+             var validLocations = _mainLocations.locationsAt(_entityExtent.center());
+             if (!validLocations[field.locationSetID]) return false;
+           }
 
+           var prerequisiteTag = field.prerequisiteTag;
 
-               function acceptBrand(d) {
+           if (entityIDs && !tagsContainFieldKey() && // ignore tagging prerequisites if a value is already present
+           prerequisiteTag) {
+             if (!entityIDs.every(function (entityID) {
+               var entity = context.graph().entity(entityID);
 
-                   var entity = _entityIDs.length === 1 && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
+               if (prerequisiteTag.key) {
+                 var value = entity.tags[prerequisiteTag.key];
+                 if (!value) return false;
 
-                   if (!d || !entity) {
-                       cancelBrand();
-                       return;
-                   }
+                 if (prerequisiteTag.valueNot) {
+                   return prerequisiteTag.valueNot !== value;
+                 }
 
-                   var tags = entity.tags;
-                   var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
-                   var removed = preset.unsetTags(tags, geometry);
-                   for (var k in tags) {
-                       tags[k] = removed[k];  // set removed tags to `undefined`
-                   }
-                   tags = d.suggestion.setTags(tags, geometry);
-                   utilGetSetValue(input, tags.name);
-                   dispatch$1.call('change', this, tags);
+                 if (prerequisiteTag.value) {
+                   return prerequisiteTag.value === value;
+                 }
+               } else if (prerequisiteTag.keyNot) {
+                 if (entity.tags[prerequisiteTag.keyNot]) return false;
                }
 
+               return true;
+             })) return false;
+           }
 
-               // user hit escape, clean whatever preset name appears after the last ' – '
-               function cancelBrand() {
-                   var name = utilGetSetValue(input);
-                   var clean = cleanName(name);
-                   if (clean !== name) {
-                       utilGetSetValue(input, clean);
-                       dispatch$1.call('change', this, { name: clean });
-                   }
-               }
+           return true;
+         };
 
-               // Remove whatever is after the last ' – '
-               // NOTE: split/join on en-dash, not a hypen (to avoid conflict with fr - nl names in Brussels etc)
-               function cleanName(name) {
-                   var parts = name.split(' – ');
-                   if (parts.length > 1) {
-                       parts.pop();
-                       name = parts.join(' – ');
-                   }
-                   return name;
-               }
-
-
-               function fetchBrandNames(preset, suggestions) {
-                   var pTag = preset.id.split('/', 2);
-                   var pKey = pTag[0];
-                   var pValue = pTag[1];
-
-                   return function(value, callback) {
-                       var results = [];
-                       if (value && value.length > 2) {
-                           for (var i = 0; i < suggestions.length; i++) {
-                               var s = suggestions[i];
-
-                               // don't suggest brands from incompatible countries
-                               if (_countryCode && s.countryCodes &&
-                                   s.countryCodes.indexOf(_countryCode) === -1) continue;
-
-                               var sTag = s.id.split('/', 2);
-                               var sKey = sTag[0];
-                               var sValue = sTag[1];
-                               var name = s.name();
-                               var dist = utilEditDistance(value, name.substring(0, value.length));
-                               var matchesPreset = (pKey === sKey && (!pValue || pValue === sValue));
-
-                               if (dist < 1 || (matchesPreset && dist < 3)) {
-                                   var obj = {
-                                       title: name,
-                                       value: name,
-                                       suggestion: s,
-                                       dist: dist + (matchesPreset ? 0 : 1)  // penalize if not matched preset
-                                   };
-                                   results.push(obj);
-                               }
-                           }
-                           results.sort(function(a, b) { return a.dist - b.dist; });
-                       }
-                       results = results.slice(0, 10);
-                       callback(results);
-                   };
-               }
+         field.focus = function () {
+           if (field.impl) {
+             field.impl.focus();
+           }
+         };
+
+         return utilRebind(field, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
+       function uiFormFields(context) {
+         var moreCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'more-fields').minItems(1);
+         var _fieldsArr = [];
+         var _lastPlaceholder = '';
+         var _state = '';
+         var _klass = '';
+
+         function formFields(selection) {
+           var allowedFields = _fieldsArr.filter(function (field) {
+             return field.isAllowed();
+           });
 
-               function addNew() {
-                   event.preventDefault();
-                   if (field.locked()) return;
+           var shown = allowedFields.filter(function (field) {
+             return field.isShown();
+           });
+           var notShown = allowedFields.filter(function (field) {
+             return !field.isShown();
+           });
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.form-fields-container').data([0]);
+           container = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'form-fields-container ' + (_klass || '')).merge(container);
+           var fields = container.selectAll('.wrap-form-field').data(shown, function (d) {
+             return d.id + (d.entityIDs ? d.entityIDs.join() : '');
+           });
+           fields.exit().remove(); // Enter
 
-                   var defaultLang = _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase();
-                   var langExists = _multilingual.find(function(datum) { return datum.lang === defaultLang; });
-                   var isLangEn = defaultLang.indexOf('en') > -1;
-                   if (isLangEn || langExists) {
-                       defaultLang = '';
-                       langExists = _multilingual.find(function(datum) { return datum.lang === defaultLang; });
-                   }
+           var enter = fields.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'wrap-form-field wrap-form-field-' + d.safeid;
+           }); // Update
 
-                   if (!langExists) {
-                       // prepend the value so it appears at the top
-                       _multilingual.unshift({ lang: defaultLang, value: '' });
+           fields = fields.merge(enter);
+           fields.order().each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(d.render);
+           });
+           var titles = [];
+           var moreFields = notShown.map(function (field) {
+             var title = field.title();
+             titles.push(title);
+             var terms = field.terms();
+             if (field.key) terms.push(field.key);
+             if (field.keys) terms = terms.concat(field.keys);
+             return {
+               display: field.label(),
+               value: title,
+               title: title,
+               field: field,
+               terms: terms
+             };
+           });
+           var placeholder = titles.slice(0, 3).join(', ') + (titles.length > 3 ? '…' : '');
+           var more = selection.selectAll('.more-fields').data(_state === 'hover' || moreFields.length === 0 ? [] : [0]);
+           more.exit().remove();
+           var moreEnter = more.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'more-fields').append('label');
+           moreEnter.append('span').call(_t.append('inspector.add_fields'));
+           more = moreEnter.merge(more);
+           var input = more.selectAll('.value').data([0]);
+           input.exit().remove();
+           input = input.enter().append('input').attr('class', 'value').attr('type', 'text').attr('placeholder', placeholder).call(utilNoAuto).merge(input);
+           input.call(utilGetSetValue, '').call(moreCombo.data(moreFields).on('accept', function (d) {
+             if (!d) return; // user entered something that was not matched
+
+             var field = d.field;
+             field.show();
+             selection.call(formFields); // rerender
+
+             field.focus();
+           })); // avoid updating placeholder excessively (triggers style recalc)
+
+           if (_lastPlaceholder !== placeholder) {
+             input.attr('placeholder', placeholder);
+             _lastPlaceholder = placeholder;
+           }
+         }
+
+         formFields.fieldsArr = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _fieldsArr;
+           _fieldsArr = val || [];
+           return formFields;
+         };
 
-                       localizedInputs
-                           .call(renderMultilingual);
-                   }
-               }
+         formFields.state = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
+           _state = val;
+           return formFields;
+         };
 
+         formFields.klass = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _klass;
+           _klass = val;
+           return formFields;
+         };
 
-               function change(onInput) {
-                   return function() {
-                       if (field.locked()) {
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                           return;
-                       }
+         return formFields;
+       }
 
-                       var val = utilGetSetValue(select(this));
-                       if (!onInput) val = context.cleanTagValue(val);
+       function uiChangesetEditor(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var formFields = uiFormFields(context);
+         var commentCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'comment').caseSensitive(true);
 
-                       // don't override multiple values with blank string
-                       if (!val && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
+         var _fieldsArr;
 
-                       var t = {};
+         var _tags;
 
-                       t[field.key] = val || undefined;
-                       dispatch$1.call('change', this, t, onInput);
-                   };
-               }
-           }
+         var _changesetID;
 
+         function changesetEditor(selection) {
+           render(selection);
+         }
 
-           function key(lang) {
-               return field.key + ':' + lang;
-           }
+         function render(selection) {
+           var initial = false;
 
+           if (!_fieldsArr) {
+             initial = true;
+             var presets = _mainPresetIndex;
+             _fieldsArr = [uiField(context, presets.field('comment'), null, {
+               show: true,
+               revert: false
+             }), uiField(context, presets.field('source'), null, {
+               show: false,
+               revert: false
+             }), uiField(context, presets.field('hashtags'), null, {
+               show: false,
+               revert: false
+             })];
 
-           function changeLang(d) {
-               var tags = {};
+             _fieldsArr.forEach(function (field) {
+               field.on('change', function (t, onInput) {
+                 dispatch.call('change', field, undefined, t, onInput);
+               });
+             });
+           }
 
-               // make sure unrecognized suffixes are lowercase - #7156
-               var lang = utilGetSetValue(select(this)).toLowerCase();
+           _fieldsArr.forEach(function (field) {
+             field.tags(_tags);
+           });
 
-               var language = _languagesArray.find(function(d) {
-                   return d.label.toLowerCase() === lang ||
-                       (d.localName && d.localName.toLowerCase() === lang) ||
-                       (d.nativeName && d.nativeName.toLowerCase() === lang);
+           selection.call(formFields.fieldsArr(_fieldsArr));
+
+           if (initial) {
+             var commentField = selection.select('.form-field-comment textarea');
+             var commentNode = commentField.node();
+
+             if (commentNode) {
+               commentNode.focus();
+               commentNode.select();
+             } // trigger a 'blur' event so that comment field can be cleaned
+             // and checked for hashtags, even if retrieved from localstorage
+
+
+             utilTriggerEvent(commentField, 'blur');
+             var osm = context.connection();
+
+             if (osm) {
+               osm.userChangesets(function (err, changesets) {
+                 if (err) return;
+                 var comments = changesets.map(function (changeset) {
+                   var comment = changeset.tags.comment;
+                   return comment ? {
+                     title: comment,
+                     value: comment
+                   } : null;
+                 }).filter(Boolean);
+                 commentField.call(commentCombo.data(utilArrayUniqBy(comments, 'title')));
                });
-               if (language) lang = language.code;
-
-               if (d.lang && d.lang !== lang) {
-                   tags[key(d.lang)] = undefined;
-               }
+             }
+           } // Add warning if comment mentions Google
 
-               var newKey = lang && context.cleanTagKey(key(lang));
 
-               var value = utilGetSetValue(select(this.parentNode).selectAll('.localized-value'));
+           var hasGoogle = _tags.comment.match(/google/i);
 
-               if (newKey && value) {
-                   tags[newKey] = value;
-               } else if (newKey && _wikiTitles && _wikiTitles[d.lang]) {
-                   tags[newKey] = _wikiTitles[d.lang];
-               }
+           var commentWarning = selection.select('.form-field-comment').selectAll('.comment-warning').data(hasGoogle ? [0] : []);
+           commentWarning.exit().transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 0).remove();
+           var commentEnter = commentWarning.enter().insert('div', '.tag-reference-body').attr('class', 'field-warning comment-warning').style('opacity', 0);
+           commentEnter.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'inline')).attr('href', _t('commit.google_warning_link')).append('span').call(_t.append('commit.google_warning'));
+           commentEnter.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 1);
+         }
 
-               d.lang = lang;
-               dispatch$1.call('change', this, tags);
-           }
+         changesetEditor.tags = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
+           _tags = _; // Don't reset _fieldsArr here.
 
+           return changesetEditor;
+         };
 
-           function changeValue(d) {
-               if (!d.lang) return;
-               var value = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(select(this))) || undefined;
+         changesetEditor.changesetID = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _changesetID;
+           if (_changesetID === _) return changesetEditor;
+           _changesetID = _;
+           _fieldsArr = null;
+           return changesetEditor;
+         };
 
-               // don't override multiple values with blank string
-               if (!value && Array.isArray(d.value)) return;
+         return utilRebind(changesetEditor, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-               var t = {};
-               t[key(d.lang)] = value;
-               d.value = value;
-               dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
-           }
+       var JXON = new function () {
+         var sValueProp = 'keyValue',
+             sAttributesProp = 'keyAttributes',
+             sAttrPref = '@',
 
+         /* you can customize these values */
+         aCache = [],
+             rIsNull = /^\s*$/,
+             rIsBool = /^(?:true|false)$/i;
 
-           function fetchLanguages(value, cb) {
-               var v = value.toLowerCase();
+         function parseText(sValue) {
+           if (rIsNull.test(sValue)) {
+             return null;
+           }
 
-               // show the user's language first
-               var langCodes = [_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), _mainLocalizer.languageCode()];
+           if (rIsBool.test(sValue)) {
+             return sValue.toLowerCase() === 'true';
+           }
 
-               if (_countryCode && _territoryLanguages[_countryCode]) {
-                   langCodes = langCodes.concat(_territoryLanguages[_countryCode]);
-               }
+           if (isFinite(sValue)) {
+             return parseFloat(sValue);
+           }
 
-               var langItems = [];
-               langCodes.forEach(function(code) {
-                   var langItem = _languagesArray.find(function(item) {
-                       return item.code === code;
-                   });
-                   if (langItem) langItems.push(langItem);
-               });
-               langItems = utilArrayUniq(langItems.concat(_languagesArray));
-
-               cb(langItems.filter(function(d) {
-                   return d.label.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 ||
-                       (d.localName && d.localName.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0) ||
-                       (d.nativeName && d.nativeName.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0) ||
-                       d.code.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0;
-               }).map(function(d) {
-                   return { value: d.label };
-               }));
+           if (isFinite(Date.parse(sValue))) {
+             return new Date(sValue);
            }
 
+           return sValue;
+         }
 
-           function renderMultilingual(selection) {
-               var entries = selection.selectAll('div.entry')
-                   .data(_multilingual, function(d) { return d.lang; });
+         function EmptyTree() {}
 
-               entries.exit()
-                   .style('top', '0')
-                   .style('max-height', '240px')
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(200)
-                   .style('opacity', '0')
-                   .style('max-height', '0px')
-                   .remove();
+         EmptyTree.prototype.toString = function () {
+           return 'null';
+         };
 
-               var entriesEnter = entries.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'entry')
-                   .each(function(_, index) {
-                       var wrap = select(this);
-
-                       var domId = utilUniqueDomId(index);
-
-                       var label = wrap
-                           .append('label')
-                           .attr('class', 'field-label')
-                           .attr('for', domId);
-
-                       var text = label
-                           .append('span')
-                           .attr('class', 'label-text');
-
-                       text
-                           .append('span')
-                           .attr('class', 'label-textvalue')
-                           .text(_t('translate.localized_translation_label'));
-
-                       text
-                           .append('span')
-                           .attr('class', 'label-textannotation');
-
-                       label
-                           .append('button')
-                           .attr('class', 'remove-icon-multilingual')
-                           .on('click', function(d, index) {
-                               if (field.locked()) return;
-                               event.preventDefault();
-
-                               if (!d.lang || !d.value) {
-                                   _multilingual.splice(index, 1);
-                                   renderMultilingual(selection);
-                               } else {
-                                   // remove from entity tags
-                                   var t = {};
-                                   t[key(d.lang)] = undefined;
-                                   dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
-                               }
-
-                           })
-                           .call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));
-
-                       wrap
-                           .append('input')
-                           .attr('class', 'localized-lang')
-                           .attr('id', domId)
-                           .attr('type', 'text')
-                           .attr('placeholder', _t('translate.localized_translation_language'))
-                           .on('blur', changeLang)
-                           .on('change', changeLang)
-                           .call(langCombo);
-
-                       wrap
-                           .append('input')
-                           .attr('type', 'text')
-                           .attr('class', 'localized-value')
-                           .on('blur', changeValue)
-                           .on('change', changeValue);
-                   });
+         EmptyTree.prototype.valueOf = function () {
+           return null;
+         };
 
-               entriesEnter
-                   .style('margin-top', '0px')
-                   .style('max-height', '0px')
-                   .style('opacity', '0')
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(200)
-                   .style('margin-top', '10px')
-                   .style('max-height', '240px')
-                   .style('opacity', '1')
-                   .on('end', function() {
-                       select(this)
-                           .style('max-height', '')
-                           .style('overflow', 'visible');
-                   });
+         function objectify(vValue) {
+           return vValue === null ? new EmptyTree() : vValue instanceof Object ? vValue : new vValue.constructor(vValue);
+         }
 
-               entries = entries.merge(entriesEnter);
+         function createObjTree(oParentNode, nVerb, bFreeze, bNesteAttr) {
+           var nLevelStart = aCache.length,
+               bChildren = oParentNode.hasChildNodes(),
+               bAttributes = oParentNode.hasAttributes(),
+               bHighVerb = Boolean(nVerb & 2);
+           var sProp,
+               vContent,
+               nLength = 0,
+               sCollectedTxt = '',
+               vResult = bHighVerb ? {} :
+           /* put here the default value for empty nodes: */
+           true;
 
-               entries.order();
+           if (bChildren) {
+             for (var oNode, nItem = 0; nItem < oParentNode.childNodes.length; nItem++) {
+               oNode = oParentNode.childNodes.item(nItem);
 
-               entries.classed('present', function(d) {
-                   return d.lang && d.value;
-               });
+               if (oNode.nodeType === 4) {
+                 /* nodeType is 'CDATASection' (4) */
+                 sCollectedTxt += oNode.nodeValue;
+               } else if (oNode.nodeType === 3) {
+                 /* nodeType is 'Text' (3) */
+                 sCollectedTxt += oNode.nodeValue.trim();
+               } else if (oNode.nodeType === 1 && !oNode.prefix) {
+                 /* nodeType is 'Element' (1) */
+                 aCache.push(oNode);
+               }
+             }
+           }
 
-               utilGetSetValue(entries.select('.localized-lang'), function(d) {
-                   return _mainLocalizer.languageName(d.lang);
-               });
+           var nLevelEnd = aCache.length,
+               vBuiltVal = parseText(sCollectedTxt);
 
-               utilGetSetValue(entries.select('.localized-value'), function(d) {
-                       return typeof d.value === 'string' ? d.value : '';
-                   })
-                   .attr('title', function(d) {
-                       return Array.isArray(d.value) ? d.value.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null;
-                   })
-                   .attr('placeholder', function(d) {
-                       return Array.isArray(d.value) ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : _t('translate.localized_translation_name');
-                   })
-                   .classed('mixed', function(d) {
-                       return Array.isArray(d.value);
-                   });
+           if (!bHighVerb && (bChildren || bAttributes)) {
+             vResult = nVerb === 0 ? objectify(vBuiltVal) : {};
            }
 
+           for (var nElId = nLevelStart; nElId < nLevelEnd; nElId++) {
+             sProp = aCache[nElId].nodeName.toLowerCase();
+             vContent = createObjTree(aCache[nElId], nVerb, bFreeze, bNesteAttr);
 
-           localized.tags = function(tags) {
-               _tags = tags;
-
-               // Fetch translations from wikipedia
-               if (typeof tags.wikipedia === 'string' && !_wikiTitles) {
-                   _wikiTitles = {};
-                   var wm = tags.wikipedia.match(/([^:]+):(.+)/);
-                   if (wm && wm[0] && wm[1]) {
-                       wikipedia.translations(wm[1], wm[2], function(err, d) {
-                           if (err || !d) return;
-                           _wikiTitles = d;
-                       });
-                   }
+             if (vResult.hasOwnProperty(sProp)) {
+               if (vResult[sProp].constructor !== Array) {
+                 vResult[sProp] = [vResult[sProp]];
                }
 
-               var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
+               vResult[sProp].push(vContent);
+             } else {
+               vResult[sProp] = vContent;
+               nLength++;
+             }
+           }
 
-               utilGetSetValue(input, typeof tags[field.key] === 'string' ? tags[field.key] : '')
-                   .attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : undefined)
-                   .attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : field.placeholder())
-                   .classed('mixed', isMixed);
+           if (bAttributes) {
+             var nAttrLen = oParentNode.attributes.length,
+                 sAPrefix = bNesteAttr ? '' : sAttrPref,
+                 oAttrParent = bNesteAttr ? {} : vResult;
 
-               calcMultilingual(tags);
+             for (var oAttrib, nAttrib = 0; nAttrib < nAttrLen; nLength++, nAttrib++) {
+               oAttrib = oParentNode.attributes.item(nAttrib);
+               oAttrParent[sAPrefix + oAttrib.name.toLowerCase()] = parseText(oAttrib.value.trim());
+             }
 
-               _selection
-                   .call(localized);
-           };
+             if (bNesteAttr) {
+               if (bFreeze) {
+                 Object.freeze(oAttrParent);
+               }
 
+               vResult[sAttributesProp] = oAttrParent;
+               nLength -= nAttrLen - 1;
+             }
+           }
 
-           localized.focus = function() {
-               input.node().focus();
-           };
+           if (nVerb === 3 || (nVerb === 2 || nVerb === 1 && nLength > 0) && sCollectedTxt) {
+             vResult[sValueProp] = vBuiltVal;
+           } else if (!bHighVerb && nLength === 0 && sCollectedTxt) {
+             vResult = vBuiltVal;
+           }
 
+           if (bFreeze && (bHighVerb || nLength > 0)) {
+             Object.freeze(vResult);
+           }
 
-           localized.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-               _entityIDs = val;
-               _multilingual = [];
-               loadCountryCode();
-               return localized;
-           };
+           aCache.length = nLevelStart;
+           return vResult;
+         }
 
-           function loadCountryCode() {
-               var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
-               var countryCode = extent && iso1A2Code(extent.center());
-               _countryCode = countryCode && countryCode.toLowerCase();
-           }
+         function loadObjTree(oXMLDoc, oParentEl, oParentObj) {
+           var vValue, oChild;
 
-           function combinedEntityExtent() {
-               return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+           if (oParentObj instanceof String || oParentObj instanceof Number || oParentObj instanceof Boolean) {
+             oParentEl.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(oParentObj.toString()));
+             /* verbosity level is 0 */
+           } else if (oParentObj.constructor === Date) {
+             oParentEl.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(oParentObj.toGMTString()));
            }
 
-           return utilRebind(localized, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
-
-       function uiFieldMaxspeed(field, context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-           var unitInput = select(null);
-           var input = select(null);
-           var _entityIDs = [];
-           var _tags;
-           var _isImperial;
+           for (var sName in oParentObj) {
+             vValue = oParentObj[sName];
 
-           var speedCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'maxspeed');
-           var unitCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'maxspeed-unit')
-                   .data(['km/h', 'mph'].map(comboValues));
+             if (isFinite(sName) || vValue instanceof Function) {
+               continue;
+             }
+             /* verbosity level is 0 */
 
-           var metricValues = [20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120];
-           var imperialValues = [5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80];
 
+             if (sName === sValueProp) {
+               if (vValue !== null && vValue !== true) {
+                 oParentEl.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(vValue.constructor === Date ? vValue.toGMTString() : String(vValue)));
+               }
+             } else if (sName === sAttributesProp) {
+               /* verbosity level is 3 */
+               for (var sAttrib in vValue) {
+                 oParentEl.setAttribute(sAttrib, vValue[sAttrib]);
+               }
+             } else if (sName.charAt(0) === sAttrPref) {
+               oParentEl.setAttribute(sName.slice(1), vValue);
+             } else if (vValue.constructor === Array) {
+               for (var nItem = 0; nItem < vValue.length; nItem++) {
+                 oChild = oXMLDoc.createElement(sName);
+                 loadObjTree(oXMLDoc, oChild, vValue[nItem]);
+                 oParentEl.appendChild(oChild);
+               }
+             } else {
+               oChild = oXMLDoc.createElement(sName);
 
-           function maxspeed(selection) {
+               if (vValue instanceof Object) {
+                 loadObjTree(oXMLDoc, oChild, vValue);
+               } else if (vValue !== null && vValue !== true) {
+                 oChild.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(vValue.toString()));
+               }
 
-               var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
-                   .data([0]);
+               oParentEl.appendChild(oChild);
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-               wrap = wrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
-                   .merge(wrap);
+         this.build = function (oXMLParent, nVerbosity
+         /* optional */
+         , bFreeze
+         /* optional */
+         , bNesteAttributes
+         /* optional */
+         ) {
+           var _nVerb = arguments.length > 1 && typeof nVerbosity === 'number' ? nVerbosity & 3 :
+           /* put here the default verbosity level: */
+           1;
 
+           return createObjTree(oXMLParent, _nVerb, bFreeze || false, arguments.length > 3 ? bNesteAttributes : _nVerb === 3);
+         };
 
-               input = wrap.selectAll('input.maxspeed-number')
-                   .data([0]);
+         this.unbuild = function (oObjTree) {
+           var oNewDoc = document.implementation.createDocument('', '', null);
+           loadObjTree(oNewDoc, oNewDoc, oObjTree);
+           return oNewDoc;
+         };
 
-               input = input.enter()
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'text')
-                   .attr('class', 'maxspeed-number')
-                   .attr('id', field.domId)
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .call(speedCombo)
-                   .merge(input);
+         this.stringify = function (oObjTree) {
+           return new XMLSerializer().serializeToString(JXON.unbuild(oObjTree));
+         };
+       }(); // var myObject = JXON.build(doc);
+       // we got our javascript object! try: alert(JSON.stringify(myObject));
+       // var newDoc = JXON.unbuild(myObject);
+       // we got our Document instance! try: alert((new XMLSerializer()).serializeToString(newDoc));
 
-               input
-                   .on('change', change)
-                   .on('blur', change);
+       function uiSectionChanges(context) {
+         var detected = utilDetect();
+         var _discardTags = {};
+         _mainFileFetcher.get('discarded').then(function (d) {
+           _discardTags = d;
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           /* ignore */
+         });
+         var section = uiSection('changes-list', context).label(function () {
+           var history = context.history();
+           var summary = history.difference().summary();
+           return _t.html('inspector.title_count', {
+             title: {
+               html: _t.html('commit.changes')
+             },
+             count: summary.length
+           });
+         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
 
-               var loc = combinedEntityExtent().center();
-               _isImperial = roadSpeedUnit(loc) === 'mph';
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var history = context.history();
+           var summary = history.difference().summary();
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.commit-section').data([0]);
+           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'commit-section');
+           containerEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'changeset-list');
+           container = containerEnter.merge(container);
+           var items = container.select('ul').selectAll('li').data(summary);
+           var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'change-item');
+           var buttons = itemsEnter.append('button').on('mouseover', mouseover).on('mouseout', mouseout).on('click', click);
+           buttons.each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + d.entity.geometry(d.graph), 'pre-text ' + d.changeType));
+           });
+           buttons.append('span').attr('class', 'change-type').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('commit.' + d.changeType) + ' ';
+           });
+           buttons.append('strong').attr('class', 'entity-type').text(function (d) {
+             var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(d.entity, d.graph);
+             return matched && matched.name() || utilDisplayType(d.entity.id);
+           });
+           buttons.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-name').text(function (d) {
+             var name = utilDisplayName(d.entity) || '',
+                 string = '';
 
-               unitInput = wrap.selectAll('input.maxspeed-unit')
-                   .data([0]);
+             if (name !== '') {
+               string += ':';
+             }
 
-               unitInput = unitInput.enter()
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'text')
-                   .attr('class', 'maxspeed-unit')
-                   .call(unitCombo)
-                   .merge(unitInput);
+             return string += ' ' + name;
+           });
+           items = itemsEnter.merge(items); // Download changeset link
 
-               unitInput
-                   .on('blur', changeUnits)
-                   .on('change', changeUnits);
+           var changeset = new osmChangeset().update({
+             id: undefined
+           });
+           var changes = history.changes(actionDiscardTags(history.difference(), _discardTags));
+           delete changeset.id; // Export without chnageset_id
 
+           var data = JXON.stringify(changeset.osmChangeJXON(changes));
+           var blob = new Blob([data], {
+             type: 'text/xml;charset=utf-8;'
+           });
+           var fileName = 'changes.osc';
+           var linkEnter = container.selectAll('.download-changes').data([0]).enter().append('a').attr('class', 'download-changes');
 
-               function changeUnits() {
-                   _isImperial = utilGetSetValue(unitInput) === 'mph';
-                   utilGetSetValue(unitInput, _isImperial ? 'mph' : 'km/h');
-                   setUnitSuggestions();
-                   change();
-               }
+           if (detected.download) {
+             // All except IE11 and Edge
+             linkEnter // download the data as a file
+             .attr('href', window.URL.createObjectURL(blob)).attr('download', fileName);
+           } else {
+             // IE11 and Edge
+             linkEnter // open data uri in a new tab
+             .attr('target', '_blank').on('click.download', function () {
+               navigator.msSaveBlob(blob, fileName);
+             });
            }
 
+           linkEnter.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-load', 'inline')).append('span').call(_t.append('commit.download_changes'));
 
-           function setUnitSuggestions() {
-               speedCombo.data((_isImperial ? imperialValues : metricValues).map(comboValues));
-               utilGetSetValue(unitInput, _isImperial ? 'mph' : 'km/h');
+           function mouseover(d) {
+             if (d.entity) {
+               context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrMemberSelector([d.entity.id], context.graph())).classed('hover', true);
+             }
            }
 
+           function mouseout() {
+             context.surface().selectAll('.hover').classed('hover', false);
+           }
 
-           function comboValues(d) {
-               return {
-                   value: d.toString(),
-                   title: d.toString()
-               };
+           function click(d3_event, change) {
+             if (change.changeType !== 'deleted') {
+               var entity = change.entity;
+               context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
+               context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrMemberSelector([entity.id], context.graph())).classed('hover', true);
+             }
            }
+         }
 
+         return section;
+       }
 
-           function change() {
-               var tag = {};
-               var value = utilGetSetValue(input).trim();
+       function uiCommitWarnings(context) {
+         function commitWarnings(selection) {
+           var issuesBySeverity = context.validator().getIssuesBySeverity({
+             what: 'edited',
+             where: 'all',
+             includeDisabledRules: true
+           });
 
-               // don't override multiple values with blank string
-               if (!value && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
+           for (var severity in issuesBySeverity) {
+             var issues = issuesBySeverity[severity];
 
-               if (!value) {
-                   tag[field.key] = undefined;
-               } else if (isNaN(value) || !_isImperial) {
-                   tag[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(value);
-               } else {
-                   tag[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(value + ' mph');
-               }
+             if (severity !== 'error') {
+               // exclude 'fixme' and similar - #8603
+               issues = issues.filter(function (issue) {
+                 return issue.type !== 'help_request';
+               });
+             }
 
-               dispatch$1.call('change', this, tag);
+             var section = severity + '-section';
+             var issueItem = severity + '-item';
+             var container = selection.selectAll('.' + section).data(issues.length ? [0] : []);
+             container.exit().remove();
+             var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section ' + section + ' fillL2');
+             containerEnter.append('h3').html(severity === 'warning' ? _t.html('commit.warnings') : _t.html('commit.errors'));
+             containerEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'changeset-list');
+             container = containerEnter.merge(container);
+             var items = container.select('ul').selectAll('li').data(issues, function (d) {
+               return d.key;
+             });
+             items.exit().remove();
+             var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', issueItem);
+             var buttons = itemsEnter.append('button').on('mouseover', function (d3_event, d) {
+               if (d.entityIds) {
+                 context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrMemberSelector(d.entityIds, context.graph())).classed('hover', true);
+               }
+             }).on('mouseout', function () {
+               context.surface().selectAll('.hover').classed('hover', false);
+             }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+               context.validator().focusIssue(d);
+             });
+             buttons.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'pre-text'));
+             buttons.append('strong').attr('class', 'issue-message');
+             buttons.filter(function (d) {
+               return d.tooltip;
+             }).call(uiTooltip().title(function (d) {
+               return d.tooltip;
+             }).placement('top'));
+             items = itemsEnter.merge(items);
+             items.selectAll('.issue-message').html(function (d) {
+               return d.message(context);
+             });
            }
+         }
 
+         return commitWarnings;
+       }
 
-           maxspeed.tags = function(tags) {
-               _tags = tags;
+       var readOnlyTags = [/^changesets_count$/, /^created_by$/, /^ideditor:/, /^imagery_used$/, /^host$/, /^locale$/, /^warnings:/, /^resolved:/, /^closed:note$/, /^closed:keepright$/, /^closed:improveosm:/, /^closed:osmose:/]; // treat most punctuation (except -, _, +, &) as hashtag delimiters - #4398
+       // from https://stackoverflow.com/a/25575009
 
-               var value = tags[field.key];
-               var isMixed = Array.isArray(value);
+       var hashtagRegex = /(#[^\u2000-\u206F\u2E00-\u2E7F\s\\'!"#$%()*,.\/:;<=>?@\[\]^`{|}~]+)/g;
+       function uiCommit(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('cancel');
 
-               if (!isMixed) {
-                   if (value && value.indexOf('mph') >= 0) {
-                       value = parseInt(value, 10).toString();
-                       _isImperial = true;
-                   } else if (value) {
-                       _isImperial = false;
-                   }
-               }
+         var _userDetails;
 
-               setUnitSuggestions();
+         var _selection;
 
-               utilGetSetValue(input, typeof value === 'string' ? value : '')
-                   .attr('title', isMixed ? value.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null)
-                   .attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : field.placeholder())
-                   .classed('mixed', isMixed);
-           };
+         var changesetEditor = uiChangesetEditor(context).on('change', changeTags);
+         var rawTagEditor = uiSectionRawTagEditor('changeset-tag-editor', context).on('change', changeTags).readOnlyTags(readOnlyTags);
+         var commitChanges = uiSectionChanges(context);
+         var commitWarnings = uiCommitWarnings(context);
 
+         function commit(selection) {
+           _selection = selection; // Initialize changeset if one does not exist yet.
 
-           maxspeed.focus = function() {
-               input.node().focus();
-           };
+           if (!context.changeset) initChangeset();
+           loadDerivedChangesetTags();
+           selection.call(render);
+         }
 
+         function initChangeset() {
+           // expire stored comment, hashtags, source after cutoff datetime - #3947 #4899
+           var commentDate = +corePreferences('commentDate') || 0;
+           var currDate = Date.now();
+           var cutoff = 2 * 86400 * 1000; // 2 days
 
-           maxspeed.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               _entityIDs = val;
-           };
+           if (commentDate > currDate || currDate - commentDate > cutoff) {
+             corePreferences('comment', null);
+             corePreferences('hashtags', null);
+             corePreferences('source', null);
+           } // load in explicitly-set values, if any
 
 
-           function combinedEntityExtent() {
-               return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+           if (context.defaultChangesetComment()) {
+             corePreferences('comment', context.defaultChangesetComment());
+             corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
            }
 
+           if (context.defaultChangesetSource()) {
+             corePreferences('source', context.defaultChangesetSource());
+             corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
+           }
 
-           return utilRebind(maxspeed, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           if (context.defaultChangesetHashtags()) {
+             corePreferences('hashtags', context.defaultChangesetHashtags());
+             corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
+           }
 
-       function uiFieldRadio(field, context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-           var placeholder = select(null);
-           var wrap = select(null);
-           var labels = select(null);
-           var radios = select(null);
-           var radioData = (field.options || (field.strings && field.strings.options && Object.keys(field.strings.options)) || field.keys).slice();  // shallow copy
-           var typeField;
-           var layerField;
-           var _oldType = {};
-           var _entityIDs = [];
+           var detected = utilDetect();
+           var tags = {
+             comment: corePreferences('comment') || '',
+             created_by: context.cleanTagValue('iD ' + context.version),
+             host: context.cleanTagValue(detected.host),
+             locale: context.cleanTagValue(_mainLocalizer.localeCode())
+           }; // call findHashtags initially - this will remove stored
+           // hashtags if any hashtags are found in the comment - #4304
 
+           findHashtags(tags, true);
+           var hashtags = corePreferences('hashtags');
 
-           function selectedKey() {
-               var node = wrap.selectAll('.form-field-input-radio label.active input');
-               return !node.empty() && node.datum();
+           if (hashtags) {
+             tags.hashtags = hashtags;
            }
 
+           var source = corePreferences('source');
 
-           function radio(selection) {
-               selection.classed('preset-radio', true);
+           if (source) {
+             tags.source = source;
+           }
 
-               wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
-                   .data([0]);
+           var photoOverlaysUsed = context.history().photoOverlaysUsed();
 
-               var enter = wrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-radio');
+           if (photoOverlaysUsed.length) {
+             var sources = (tags.source || '').split(';'); // include this tag for any photo layer
 
-               enter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'placeholder');
+             if (sources.indexOf('streetlevel imagery') === -1) {
+               sources.push('streetlevel imagery');
+             } // add the photo overlays used during editing as sources
 
-               wrap = wrap
-                   .merge(enter);
 
+             photoOverlaysUsed.forEach(function (photoOverlay) {
+               if (sources.indexOf(photoOverlay) === -1) {
+                 sources.push(photoOverlay);
+               }
+             });
+             tags.source = context.cleanTagValue(sources.join(';'));
+           }
 
-               placeholder = wrap.selectAll('.placeholder');
+           context.changeset = new osmChangeset({
+             tags: tags
+           });
+         } // Calculates read-only metadata tags based on the user's editing session and applies
+         // them to the changeset.
 
-               labels = wrap.selectAll('label')
-                   .data(radioData);
 
-               enter = labels.enter()
-                   .append('label');
+         function loadDerivedChangesetTags() {
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           if (!osm) return;
+           var tags = Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags); // shallow copy
+           // assign tags for imagery used
 
-               enter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'radio')
-                   .attr('name', field.id)
-                   .attr('value', function(d) { return field.t('options.' + d, { 'default': d }); })
-                   .attr('checked', false);
+           var imageryUsed = context.cleanTagValue(context.history().imageryUsed().join(';'));
+           tags.imagery_used = imageryUsed || 'None'; // assign tags for closed issues and notes
 
-               enter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(function(d) { return field.t('options.' + d, { 'default': d }); });
+           var osmClosed = osm.getClosedIDs();
+           var itemType;
 
-               labels = labels
-                   .merge(enter);
+           if (osmClosed.length) {
+             tags['closed:note'] = context.cleanTagValue(osmClosed.join(';'));
+           }
 
-               radios = labels.selectAll('input')
-                   .on('change', changeRadio);
+           if (services.keepRight) {
+             var krClosed = services.keepRight.getClosedIDs();
 
+             if (krClosed.length) {
+               tags['closed:keepright'] = context.cleanTagValue(krClosed.join(';'));
+             }
            }
 
+           if (services.improveOSM) {
+             var iOsmClosed = services.improveOSM.getClosedCounts();
 
-           function structureExtras(selection, tags) {
-               var selected = selectedKey() || tags.layer !== undefined;
-               var type = _mainPresetIndex.field(selected);
-               var layer = _mainPresetIndex.field('layer');
-               var showLayer = (selected === 'bridge' || selected === 'tunnel' || tags.layer !== undefined);
+             for (itemType in iOsmClosed) {
+               tags['closed:improveosm:' + itemType] = context.cleanTagValue(iOsmClosed[itemType].toString());
+             }
+           }
 
+           if (services.osmose) {
+             var osmoseClosed = services.osmose.getClosedCounts();
 
-               var extrasWrap = selection.selectAll('.structure-extras-wrap')
-                   .data(selected ? [0] : []);
+             for (itemType in osmoseClosed) {
+               tags['closed:osmose:' + itemType] = context.cleanTagValue(osmoseClosed[itemType].toString());
+             }
+           } // remove existing issue counts
 
-               extrasWrap.exit()
-                   .remove();
 
-               extrasWrap = extrasWrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'structure-extras-wrap')
-                   .merge(extrasWrap);
+           for (var key in tags) {
+             if (key.match(/(^warnings:)|(^resolved:)/)) {
+               delete tags[key];
+             }
+           }
 
-               var list = extrasWrap.selectAll('ul')
-                   .data([0]);
+           function addIssueCounts(issues, prefix) {
+             var issuesByType = utilArrayGroupBy(issues, 'type');
 
-               list = list.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'rows')
-                   .merge(list);
+             for (var issueType in issuesByType) {
+               var issuesOfType = issuesByType[issueType];
 
+               if (issuesOfType[0].subtype) {
+                 var issuesBySubtype = utilArrayGroupBy(issuesOfType, 'subtype');
 
-               // Type
-               if (type) {
-                   if (!typeField || typeField.id !== selected) {
-                       typeField = uiField(context, type, _entityIDs, { wrap: false })
-                           .on('change', changeType);
-                   }
-                   typeField.tags(tags);
+                 for (var issueSubtype in issuesBySubtype) {
+                   var issuesOfSubtype = issuesBySubtype[issueSubtype];
+                   tags[prefix + ':' + issueType + ':' + issueSubtype] = context.cleanTagValue(issuesOfSubtype.length.toString());
+                 }
                } else {
-                   typeField = null;
+                 tags[prefix + ':' + issueType] = context.cleanTagValue(issuesOfType.length.toString());
                }
+             }
+           } // add counts of warnings generated by the user's edits
+
 
-               var typeItem = list.selectAll('.structure-type-item')
-                   .data(typeField ? [typeField] : [], function(d) { return d.id; });
+           var warnings = context.validator().getIssuesBySeverity({
+             what: 'edited',
+             where: 'all',
+             includeIgnored: true,
+             includeDisabledRules: true
+           }).warning.filter(function (issue) {
+             return issue.type !== 'help_request';
+           }); // exclude 'fixme' and similar - #8603
 
-               // Exit
-               typeItem.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           addIssueCounts(warnings, 'warnings'); // add counts of issues resolved by the user's edits
 
-               // Enter
-               var typeEnter = typeItem.enter()
-                   .insert('li', ':first-child')
-                   .attr('class', 'labeled-input structure-type-item');
+           var resolvedIssues = context.validator().getResolvedIssues();
+           addIssueCounts(resolvedIssues, 'resolved');
+           context.changeset = context.changeset.update({
+             tags: tags
+           });
+         }
 
-               typeEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'label structure-label-type')
-                   .attr('for', 'preset-input-' + selected)
-                   .text(_t('inspector.radio.structure.type'));
+         function render(selection) {
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           if (!osm) return;
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]);
+           var headerTitle = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           headerTitle.append('div').append('h2').call(_t.append('commit.title'));
+           headerTitle.append('button').attr('class', 'close').attr('title', _t('icons.close')).on('click', function () {
+             dispatch.call('cancel', this);
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
+           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body); // Changeset Section
 
-               typeEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'structure-input-type-wrap');
+           var changesetSection = body.selectAll('.changeset-editor').data([0]);
+           changesetSection = changesetSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section changeset-editor').merge(changesetSection);
+           changesetSection.call(changesetEditor.changesetID(context.changeset.id).tags(context.changeset.tags)); // Warnings
 
-               // Update
-               typeItem = typeItem
-                   .merge(typeEnter);
+           body.call(commitWarnings); // Upload Explanation
 
-               if (typeField) {
-                   typeItem.selectAll('.structure-input-type-wrap')
-                       .call(typeField.render);
-               }
+           var saveSection = body.selectAll('.save-section').data([0]);
+           saveSection = saveSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section save-section fillL').merge(saveSection);
+           var prose = saveSection.selectAll('.commit-info').data([0]);
 
+           if (prose.enter().size()) {
+             // first time, make sure to update user details in prose
+             _userDetails = null;
+           }
 
-               // Layer
-               if (layer && showLayer) {
-                   if (!layerField) {
-                       layerField = uiField(context, layer, _entityIDs, { wrap: false })
-                           .on('change', changeLayer);
-                   }
-                   layerField.tags(tags);
-                   field.keys = utilArrayUnion(field.keys, ['layer']);
-               } else {
-                   layerField = null;
-                   field.keys = field.keys.filter(function(k) { return k !== 'layer'; });
-               }
+           prose = prose.enter().append('p').attr('class', 'commit-info').call(_t.append('commit.upload_explanation')).merge(prose); // always check if this has changed, but only update prose.html()
+           // if needed, because it can trigger a style recalculation
 
-               var layerItem = list.selectAll('.structure-layer-item')
-                   .data(layerField ? [layerField] : []);
+           osm.userDetails(function (err, user) {
+             if (err) return;
+             if (_userDetails === user) return; // no change
 
-               // Exit
-               layerItem.exit()
-                   .remove();
+             _userDetails = user;
+             var userLink = select(document.createElement('div'));
 
-               // Enter
-               var layerEnter = layerItem.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'labeled-input structure-layer-item');
+             if (user.image_url) {
+               userLink.append('img').attr('src', user.image_url).attr('class', 'icon pre-text user-icon');
+             }
 
-               layerEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'label structure-label-layer')
-                   .attr('for', 'preset-input-layer')
-                   .text(_t('inspector.radio.structure.layer'));
+             userLink.append('a').attr('class', 'user-info').text(user.display_name).attr('href', osm.userURL(user.display_name)).attr('target', '_blank');
+             prose.html(_t.html('commit.upload_explanation_with_user', {
+               user: {
+                 html: userLink.html()
+               }
+             }));
+           }); // Request Review
 
-               layerEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'structure-input-layer-wrap');
+           var requestReview = saveSection.selectAll('.request-review').data([0]); // Enter
 
-               // Update
-               layerItem = layerItem
-                   .merge(layerEnter);
+           var requestReviewEnter = requestReview.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'request-review');
+           var requestReviewDomId = utilUniqueDomId('commit-input-request-review');
+           var labelEnter = requestReviewEnter.append('label').attr('for', requestReviewDomId);
 
-               if (layerField) {
-                   layerItem.selectAll('.structure-input-layer-wrap')
-                       .call(layerField.render);
-               }
+           if (!labelEnter.empty()) {
+             labelEnter.call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('commit.request_review_info')).placement('top'));
            }
 
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').attr('id', requestReviewDomId);
+           labelEnter.append('span').call(_t.append('commit.request_review')); // Update
 
-           function changeType(t, onInput) {
-               var key = selectedKey();
-               if (!key) return;
-
-               var val = t[key];
-               if (val !== 'no') {
-                   _oldType[key] = val;
-               }
+           requestReview = requestReview.merge(requestReviewEnter);
+           var requestReviewInput = requestReview.selectAll('input').property('checked', isReviewRequested(context.changeset.tags)).on('change', toggleRequestReview); // Buttons
 
-               if (field.type === 'structureRadio') {
-                   // remove layer if it should not be set
-                   if (val === 'no' ||
-                       (key !== 'bridge' && key !== 'tunnel') ||
-                       (key === 'tunnel' && val === 'building_passage')) {
-                       t.layer = undefined;
-                   }
-                   // add layer if it should be set
-                   if (t.layer === undefined) {
-                       if (key === 'bridge' && val !== 'no') {
-                           t.layer = '1';
-                       }
-                       if (key === 'tunnel' && val !== 'no' && val !== 'building_passage') {
-                           t.layer = '-1';
-                       }
-                   }
-                }
+           var buttonSection = saveSection.selectAll('.buttons').data([0]); // enter
 
-               dispatch$1.call('change', this, t, onInput);
-           }
+           var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'buttons fillL');
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'secondary-action button cancel-button').append('span').attr('class', 'label').call(_t.append('commit.cancel'));
+           var uploadButton = buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'action button save-button');
+           uploadButton.append('span').attr('class', 'label').call(_t.append('commit.save'));
+           var uploadBlockerTooltipText = getUploadBlockerMessage(); // update
 
+           buttonSection = buttonSection.merge(buttonEnter);
+           buttonSection.selectAll('.cancel-button').on('click.cancel', function () {
+             dispatch.call('cancel', this);
+           });
+           buttonSection.selectAll('.save-button').classed('disabled', uploadBlockerTooltipText !== null).on('click.save', function () {
+             if (!select(this).classed('disabled')) {
+               this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-           function changeLayer(t, onInput) {
-               if (t.layer === '0') {
-                   t.layer = undefined;
+               for (var key in context.changeset.tags) {
+                 // remove any empty keys before upload
+                 if (!key) delete context.changeset.tags[key];
                }
-               dispatch$1.call('change', this, t, onInput);
-           }
 
+               context.uploader().save(context.changeset);
+             }
+           }); // remove any existing tooltip
 
-           function changeRadio() {
-               var t = {};
-               var activeKey;
+           uiTooltip().destroyAny(buttonSection.selectAll('.save-button'));
 
-               if (field.key) {
-                   t[field.key] = undefined;
-               }
+           if (uploadBlockerTooltipText) {
+             buttonSection.selectAll('.save-button').call(uiTooltip().title(uploadBlockerTooltipText).placement('top'));
+           } // Raw Tag Editor
 
-               radios.each(function(d) {
-                   var active = select(this).property('checked');
-                   if (active) activeKey = d;
 
-                   if (field.key) {
-                       if (active) t[field.key] = d;
-                   } else {
-                       var val = _oldType[activeKey] || 'yes';
-                       t[d] = active ? val : undefined;
-                   }
-               });
+           var tagSection = body.selectAll('.tag-section.raw-tag-editor').data([0]);
+           tagSection = tagSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section tag-section raw-tag-editor').merge(tagSection);
+           tagSection.call(rawTagEditor.tags(Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags)) // shallow copy
+           .render);
+           var changesSection = body.selectAll('.commit-changes-section').data([0]);
+           changesSection = changesSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section commit-changes-section').merge(changesSection); // Change summary
 
-               if (field.type === 'structureRadio') {
-                   if (activeKey === 'bridge') {
-                       t.layer = '1';
-                   } else if (activeKey === 'tunnel' && t.tunnel !== 'building_passage') {
-                       t.layer = '-1';
-                   } else {
-                       t.layer = undefined;
-                   }
-               }
+           changesSection.call(commitChanges.render);
 
-               dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
+           function toggleRequestReview() {
+             var rr = requestReviewInput.property('checked');
+             updateChangeset({
+               review_requested: rr ? 'yes' : undefined
+             });
+             tagSection.call(rawTagEditor.tags(Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags)) // shallow copy
+             .render);
            }
+         }
 
+         function getUploadBlockerMessage() {
+           var errors = context.validator().getIssuesBySeverity({
+             what: 'edited',
+             where: 'all'
+           }).error;
 
-           radio.tags = function(tags) {
-
-               radios.property('checked', function(d) {
-                   if (field.key) {
-                       return tags[field.key] === d;
-                   }
-                   return !!(typeof tags[d] === 'string' && tags[d].toLowerCase() !== 'no');
-               });
-
-               function isMixed(d) {
-                   if (field.key) {
-                       return Array.isArray(tags[field.key]) && tags[field.key].includes(d);
-                   }
-                   return Array.isArray(tags[d]);
-               }
+           if (errors.length) {
+             return _t('commit.outstanding_errors_message', {
+               count: errors.length
+             });
+           } else {
+             var hasChangesetComment = context.changeset && context.changeset.tags.comment && context.changeset.tags.comment.trim().length;
 
-               labels
-                   .classed('active', function(d) {
-                       if (field.key) {
-                           return (Array.isArray(tags[field.key]) && tags[field.key].includes(d))
-                               || tags[field.key] === d;
-                       }
-                       return Array.isArray(tags[d]) || !!(tags[d] && tags[d].toLowerCase() !== 'no');
-                   })
-                   .classed('mixed', isMixed)
-                   .attr('title', function(d) {
-                       return isMixed(d) ? _t('inspector.unshared_value_tooltip') : null;
-                   });
+             if (!hasChangesetComment) {
+               return _t('commit.comment_needed_message');
+             }
+           }
 
+           return null;
+         }
 
-               var selection = radios.filter(function() { return this.checked; });
+         function changeTags(_, changed, onInput) {
+           if (changed.hasOwnProperty('comment')) {
+             if (changed.comment === undefined) {
+               changed.comment = '';
+             }
 
-               if (selection.empty()) {
-                   placeholder.text(_t('inspector.none'));
-               } else {
-                   placeholder.text(selection.attr('value'));
-                   _oldType[selection.datum()] = tags[selection.datum()];
-               }
+             if (!onInput) {
+               corePreferences('comment', changed.comment);
+               corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
+             }
+           }
 
-               if (field.type === 'structureRadio') {
-                   // For waterways without a tunnel tag, set 'culvert' as
-                   // the _oldType to default to if the user picks 'tunnel'
-                   if (!!tags.waterway && !_oldType.tunnel) {
-                       _oldType.tunnel = 'culvert';
-                   }
+           if (changed.hasOwnProperty('source')) {
+             if (changed.source === undefined) {
+               corePreferences('source', null);
+             } else if (!onInput) {
+               corePreferences('source', changed.source);
+               corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
+             }
+           } // no need to update `prefs` for `hashtags` here since it's done in `updateChangeset`
 
-                   wrap.call(structureExtras, tags);
-               }
-           };
 
+           updateChangeset(changed, onInput);
 
-           radio.focus = function() {
-               radios.node().focus();
-           };
+           if (_selection) {
+             _selection.call(render);
+           }
+         }
 
+         function findHashtags(tags, commentOnly) {
+           var detectedHashtags = commentHashtags();
 
-           radio.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-               _entityIDs = val;
-               _oldType = {};
-               return radio;
-           };
+           if (detectedHashtags.length) {
+             // always remove stored hashtags if there are hashtags in the comment - #4304
+             corePreferences('hashtags', null);
+           }
 
+           if (!detectedHashtags.length || !commentOnly) {
+             detectedHashtags = detectedHashtags.concat(hashtagHashtags());
+           }
 
-           radio.isAllowed = function() {
-               return _entityIDs.length === 1;
-           };
+           var allLowerCase = new Set();
+           return detectedHashtags.filter(function (hashtag) {
+             // Compare tags as lowercase strings, but keep original case tags
+             var lowerCase = hashtag.toLowerCase();
 
+             if (!allLowerCase.has(lowerCase)) {
+               allLowerCase.add(lowerCase);
+               return true;
+             }
 
-           return utilRebind(radio, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+             return false;
+           }); // Extract hashtags from `comment`
 
-       function uiFieldRestrictions(field, context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-           var breathe = behaviorBreathe();
-
-           corePreferences('turn-restriction-via-way', null);                 // remove old key
-           var storedViaWay = corePreferences('turn-restriction-via-way0');   // use new key #6922
-           var storedDistance = corePreferences('turn-restriction-distance');
-
-           var _maxViaWay = storedViaWay !== null ? (+storedViaWay) : 0;
-           var _maxDistance = storedDistance ? (+storedDistance) : 30;
-           var _initialized = false;
-           var _parent = select(null);       // the entire field
-           var _container = select(null);    // just the map
-           var _oldTurns;
-           var _graph;
-           var _vertexID;
-           var _intersection;
-           var _fromWayID;
-
-           var _lastXPos;
-
-
-           function restrictions(selection) {
-               _parent = selection;
-
-               // try to reuse the intersection, but always rebuild it if the graph has changed
-               if (_vertexID && (context.graph() !== _graph || !_intersection)) {
-                   _graph = context.graph();
-                   _intersection = osmIntersection(_graph, _vertexID, _maxDistance);
-               }
-
-               // It's possible for there to be no actual intersection here.
-               // for example, a vertex of two `highway=path`
-               // In this case, hide the field.
-               var isOK = (
-                   _intersection &&
-                   _intersection.vertices.length &&           // has vertices
-                   _intersection.vertices                     // has the vertex that the user selected
-                       .filter(function(vertex) { return vertex.id === _vertexID; }).length &&
-                   _intersection.ways.length > 2 &&           // has more than 2 ways
-                   _intersection.ways                         // has more than 1 TO way
-                       .filter(function(way) { return way.__to; }).length > 1
-               );
+           function commentHashtags() {
+             var matches = (tags.comment || '').replace(/http\S*/g, '') // drop anything that looks like a URL - #4289
+             .match(hashtagRegex);
+             return matches || [];
+           } // Extract and clean hashtags from `hashtags`
 
-               // Also hide in the case where
-               select(selection.node().parentNode).classed('hide', !isOK);
 
-               // if form field is hidden or has detached from dom, clean up.
-               if (!isOK ||
-                   !context.container().select('.inspector-wrap.inspector-hidden').empty() ||
-                   !selection.node().parentNode ||
-                   !selection.node().parentNode.parentNode) {
-                   selection.call(restrictions.off);
-                   return;
-               }
+           function hashtagHashtags() {
+             var matches = (tags.hashtags || '').split(/[,;\s]+/).map(function (s) {
+               if (s[0] !== '#') {
+                 s = '#' + s;
+               } // prepend '#'
 
 
-               var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
-                   .data([0]);
+               var matched = s.match(hashtagRegex);
+               return matched && matched[0];
+             }).filter(Boolean); // exclude falsy
 
-               wrap = wrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
-                   .merge(wrap);
+             return matches || [];
+           }
+         }
 
-               var container = wrap.selectAll('.restriction-container')
-                   .data([0]);
+         function isReviewRequested(tags) {
+           var rr = tags.review_requested;
+           if (rr === undefined) return false;
+           rr = rr.trim().toLowerCase();
+           return !(rr === '' || rr === 'no');
+         }
 
-               // enter
-               var containerEnter = container.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'restriction-container');
+         function updateChangeset(changed, onInput) {
+           var tags = Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags); // shallow copy
 
-               containerEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'restriction-help');
+           Object.keys(changed).forEach(function (k) {
+             var v = changed[k];
+             k = context.cleanTagKey(k);
+             if (readOnlyTags.indexOf(k) !== -1) return;
 
-               // update
-               _container = containerEnter
-                   .merge(container)
-                   .call(renderViewer);
+             if (v === undefined) {
+               delete tags[k];
+             } else if (onInput) {
+               tags[k] = v;
+             } else {
+               tags[k] = context.cleanTagValue(v);
+             }
+           });
 
-               var controls = wrap.selectAll('.restriction-controls')
-                   .data([0]);
+           if (!onInput) {
+             // when changing the comment, override hashtags with any found in comment.
+             var commentOnly = changed.hasOwnProperty('comment') && changed.comment !== '';
+             var arr = findHashtags(tags, commentOnly);
 
-               // enter/update
-               controls.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'restriction-controls-container')
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'restriction-controls')
-                   .merge(controls)
-                   .call(renderControls);
-           }
+             if (arr.length) {
+               tags.hashtags = context.cleanTagValue(arr.join(';'));
+               corePreferences('hashtags', tags.hashtags);
+             } else {
+               delete tags.hashtags;
+               corePreferences('hashtags', null);
+             }
+           } // always update userdetails, just in case user reauthenticates as someone else
 
 
-           function renderControls(selection) {
-               var distControl = selection.selectAll('.restriction-distance')
-                   .data([0]);
+           if (_userDetails && _userDetails.changesets_count !== undefined) {
+             var changesetsCount = parseInt(_userDetails.changesets_count, 10) + 1; // #4283
 
-               distControl.exit()
-                   .remove();
+             tags.changesets_count = String(changesetsCount); // first 100 edits - new user
 
-               var distControlEnter = distControl.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'restriction-control restriction-distance');
-
-               distControlEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'restriction-control-label restriction-distance-label')
-                   .text(_t('restriction.controls.distance') + ':');
-
-               distControlEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('class', 'restriction-distance-input')
-                   .attr('type', 'range')
-                   .attr('min', '20')
-                   .attr('max', '50')
-                   .attr('step', '5');
-
-               distControlEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'restriction-distance-text');
-
-               // update
-               selection.selectAll('.restriction-distance-input')
-                   .property('value', _maxDistance)
-                   .on('input', function() {
-                       var val = select(this).property('value');
-                       _maxDistance = +val;
-                       _intersection = null;
-                       _container.selectAll('.layer-osm .layer-turns *').remove();
-                       corePreferences('turn-restriction-distance', _maxDistance);
-                       _parent.call(restrictions);
-                   });
+             if (changesetsCount <= 100) {
+               var s;
+               s = corePreferences('walkthrough_completed');
 
-               selection.selectAll('.restriction-distance-text')
-                   .text(displayMaxDistance(_maxDistance));
+               if (s) {
+                 tags['ideditor:walkthrough_completed'] = s;
+               }
 
+               s = corePreferences('walkthrough_progress');
 
-               var viaControl = selection.selectAll('.restriction-via-way')
-                   .data([0]);
+               if (s) {
+                 tags['ideditor:walkthrough_progress'] = s;
+               }
 
-               viaControl.exit()
-                   .remove();
+               s = corePreferences('walkthrough_started');
 
-               var viaControlEnter = viaControl.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'restriction-control restriction-via-way');
-
-               viaControlEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'restriction-control-label restriction-via-way-label')
-                   .text(_t('restriction.controls.via') + ':');
-
-               viaControlEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('class', 'restriction-via-way-input')
-                   .attr('type', 'range')
-                   .attr('min', '0')
-                   .attr('max', '2')
-                   .attr('step', '1');
-
-               viaControlEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'restriction-via-way-text');
-
-               // update
-               selection.selectAll('.restriction-via-way-input')
-                   .property('value', _maxViaWay)
-                   .on('input', function() {
-                       var val = select(this).property('value');
-                       _maxViaWay = +val;
-                       _container.selectAll('.layer-osm .layer-turns *').remove();
-                       corePreferences('turn-restriction-via-way0', _maxViaWay);
-                       _parent.call(restrictions);
-                   });
+               if (s) {
+                 tags['ideditor:walkthrough_started'] = s;
+               }
+             }
+           } else {
+             delete tags.changesets_count;
+           }
 
-               selection.selectAll('.restriction-via-way-text')
-                   .text(displayMaxVia(_maxViaWay));
+           if (!fastDeepEqual(context.changeset.tags, tags)) {
+             context.changeset = context.changeset.update({
+               tags: tags
+             });
            }
+         }
 
+         commit.reset = function () {
+           context.changeset = null;
+         };
+
+         return utilRebind(commit, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           function renderViewer(selection) {
-               if (!_intersection) return;
+       function uiConfirm(selection) {
+         var modalSelection = uiModal(selection);
+         modalSelection.select('.modal').classed('modal-alert', true);
+         var section = modalSelection.select('.content');
+         section.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section header');
+         section.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section message-text');
+         var buttons = section.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section buttons cf');
+
+         modalSelection.okButton = function () {
+           buttons.append('button').attr('class', 'button ok-button action').on('click.confirm', function () {
+             modalSelection.remove();
+           }).call(_t.append('confirm.okay')).node().focus();
+           return modalSelection;
+         };
 
-               var vgraph = _intersection.graph;
-               var filter = utilFunctor(true);
-               var projection = geoRawMercator();
+         return modalSelection;
+       }
 
-               // Reflow warning: `utilGetDimensions` calls `getBoundingClientRect`
-               // Instead of asking the restriction-container for its dimensions,
-               //  we can ask the .sidebar, which can have its dimensions cached.
-               // width: calc as sidebar - padding
-               // height: hardcoded (from `80_app.css`)
-               // var d = utilGetDimensions(selection);
-               var sdims = utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.sidebar'));
-               var d = [ sdims[0] - 50, 370 ];
-               var c = geoVecScale(d, 0.5);
-               var z = 22;
+       function uiConflicts(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('cancel', 'save');
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('conflicts');
 
-               projection.scale(geoZoomToScale(z));
+         var _origChanges;
 
-               // Calculate extent of all key vertices
-               var extent = geoExtent();
-               for (var i = 0; i < _intersection.vertices.length; i++) {
-                   extent._extend(_intersection.vertices[i].extent());
-               }
+         var _conflictList;
 
-               // If this is a large intersection, adjust zoom to fit extent
-               if (_intersection.vertices.length > 1) {
-                   var padding = 180;   // in z22 pixels
-                   var tl = projection([extent[0][0], extent[1][1]]);
-                   var br = projection([extent[1][0], extent[0][1]]);
-                   var hFactor = (br[0] - tl[0]) / (d[0] - padding);
-                   var vFactor = (br[1] - tl[1]) / (d[1] - padding);
-                   var hZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(hFactor)) / Math.LN2;
-                   var vZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(vFactor)) / Math.LN2;
-                   z = z - Math.max(hZoomDiff, vZoomDiff);
-                   projection.scale(geoZoomToScale(z));
-               }
+         var _shownConflictIndex;
 
-               var padTop = 35;   // reserve top space for hint text
-               var extentCenter = projection(extent.center());
-               extentCenter[1] = extentCenter[1] - padTop;
+         function keybindingOn() {
+           select(document).call(keybinding.on('⎋', cancel, true));
+         }
 
-               projection
-                   .translate(geoVecSubtract(c, extentCenter))
-                   .clipExtent([[0, 0], d]);
+         function keybindingOff() {
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+         }
 
-               var drawLayers = svgLayers(projection, context).only(['osm','touch']).dimensions(d);
-               var drawVertices = svgVertices(projection, context);
-               var drawLines = svgLines(projection, context);
-               var drawTurns = svgTurns(projection, context);
+         function tryAgain() {
+           keybindingOff();
+           dispatch.call('save');
+         }
 
-               var firstTime = selection.selectAll('.surface').empty();
+         function cancel() {
+           keybindingOff();
+           dispatch.call('cancel');
+         }
 
-               selection
-                   .call(drawLayers);
+         function conflicts(selection) {
+           keybindingOn();
+           var headerEnter = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'fr').attr('title', _t('icons.close')).on('click', cancel).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           headerEnter.append('h2').call(_t.append('save.conflict.header'));
+           var bodyEnter = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body fillL');
+           var conflictsHelpEnter = bodyEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'conflicts-help').call(_t.append('save.conflict.help')); // Download changes link
 
-               var surface = selection.selectAll('.surface')
-                   .classed('tr', true);
+           var detected = utilDetect();
+           var changeset = new osmChangeset();
+           delete changeset.id; // Export without changeset_id
 
-               if (firstTime) {
-                   _initialized = true;
+           var data = JXON.stringify(changeset.osmChangeJXON(_origChanges));
+           var blob = new Blob([data], {
+             type: 'text/xml;charset=utf-8;'
+           });
+           var fileName = 'changes.osc';
+           var linkEnter = conflictsHelpEnter.selectAll('.download-changes').append('a').attr('class', 'download-changes');
 
-                   surface
-                       .call(breathe);
-               }
+           if (detected.download) {
+             // All except IE11 and Edge
+             linkEnter // download the data as a file
+             .attr('href', window.URL.createObjectURL(blob)).attr('download', fileName);
+           } else {
+             // IE11 and Edge
+             linkEnter // open data uri in a new tab
+             .attr('target', '_blank').on('click.download', function () {
+               navigator.msSaveBlob(blob, fileName);
+             });
+           }
 
-               // This can happen if we've lowered the detail while a FROM way
-               // is selected, and that way is no longer part of the intersection.
-               if (_fromWayID && !vgraph.hasEntity(_fromWayID)) {
-                   _fromWayID = null;
-                   _oldTurns = null;
-               }
+           linkEnter.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-load', 'inline')).append('span').call(_t.append('save.conflict.download_changes'));
+           bodyEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'conflict-container fillL3').call(showConflict, 0);
+           bodyEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'conflicts-done').attr('opacity', 0).style('display', 'none').call(_t.append('save.conflict.done'));
+           var buttonsEnter = bodyEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'buttons col12 joined conflicts-buttons');
+           buttonsEnter.append('button').attr('disabled', _conflictList.length > 1).attr('class', 'action conflicts-button col6').call(_t.append('save.title')).on('click.try_again', tryAgain);
+           buttonsEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'secondary-action conflicts-button col6').call(_t.append('confirm.cancel')).on('click.cancel', cancel);
+         }
+
+         function showConflict(selection, index) {
+           index = utilWrap(index, _conflictList.length);
+           _shownConflictIndex = index;
+           var parent = select(selection.node().parentNode); // enable save button if this is the last conflict being reviewed..
+
+           if (index === _conflictList.length - 1) {
+             window.setTimeout(function () {
+               parent.select('.conflicts-button').attr('disabled', null);
+               parent.select('.conflicts-done').transition().attr('opacity', 1).style('display', 'block');
+             }, 250);
+           }
+
+           var conflict = selection.selectAll('.conflict').data([_conflictList[index]]);
+           conflict.exit().remove();
+           var conflictEnter = conflict.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'conflict');
+           conflictEnter.append('h4').attr('class', 'conflict-count').call(_t.append('save.conflict.count', {
+             num: index + 1,
+             total: _conflictList.length
+           }));
+           conflictEnter.append('a').attr('class', 'conflict-description').attr('href', '#').text(function (d) {
+             return d.name;
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             zoomToEntity(d.id);
+           });
+           var details = conflictEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'conflict-detail-container');
+           details.append('ul').attr('class', 'conflict-detail-list').selectAll('li').data(function (d) {
+             return d.details || [];
+           }).enter().append('li').attr('class', 'conflict-detail-item').html(function (d) {
+             return d;
+           });
+           details.append('div').attr('class', 'conflict-choices').call(addChoices);
+           details.append('div').attr('class', 'conflict-nav-buttons joined cf').selectAll('button').data(['previous', 'next']).enter().append('button').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('save.conflict.' + d);
+           }).attr('class', 'conflict-nav-button action col6').attr('disabled', function (d, i) {
+             return i === 0 && index === 0 || i === 1 && index === _conflictList.length - 1 || null;
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var container = parent.selectAll('.conflict-container');
+             var sign = d === 'previous' ? -1 : 1;
+             container.selectAll('.conflict').remove();
+             container.call(showConflict, index + sign);
+           });
+         }
 
-               surface
-                   .call(utilSetDimensions, d)
-                   .call(drawVertices, vgraph, _intersection.vertices, filter, extent, z)
-                   .call(drawLines, vgraph, _intersection.ways, filter)
-                   .call(drawTurns, vgraph, _intersection.turns(_fromWayID, _maxViaWay));
+         function addChoices(selection) {
+           var choices = selection.append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list').selectAll('li').data(function (d) {
+             return d.choices || [];
+           }); // enter
 
-               surface
-                   .on('click.restrictions', click)
-                   .on('mouseover.restrictions', mouseover);
+           var choicesEnter = choices.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'layer');
+           var labelEnter = choicesEnter.append('label');
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'radio').attr('name', function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }).on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
+             var ul = this.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode;
+             ul.__data__.chosen = d.id;
+             choose(d3_event, ul, d);
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('span').text(function (d) {
+             return d.text;
+           }); // update
 
-               surface
-                   .selectAll('.selected')
-                   .classed('selected', false);
+           choicesEnter.merge(choices).each(function (d) {
+             var ul = this.parentNode;
 
-               surface
-                   .selectAll('.related')
-                   .classed('related', false);
+             if (ul.__data__.chosen === d.id) {
+               choose(null, ul, d);
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-               if (_fromWayID) {
-                   var way = vgraph.entity(_fromWayID);
-                   surface
-                       .selectAll('.' + _fromWayID)
-                       .classed('selected', true)
-                       .classed('related', true);
-               }
+         function choose(d3_event, ul, datum) {
+           if (d3_event) d3_event.preventDefault();
+           select(ul).selectAll('li').classed('active', function (d) {
+             return d === datum;
+           }).selectAll('input').property('checked', function (d) {
+             return d === datum;
+           });
+           var extent = geoExtent();
+           var entity;
+           entity = context.graph().hasEntity(datum.id);
+           if (entity) extent._extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
+           datum.action();
+           entity = context.graph().hasEntity(datum.id);
+           if (entity) extent._extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
+           zoomToEntity(datum.id, extent);
+         }
+
+         function zoomToEntity(id, extent) {
+           context.surface().selectAll('.hover').classed('hover', false);
+           var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(id);
+
+           if (entity) {
+             if (extent) {
+               context.map().trimmedExtent(extent);
+             } else {
+               context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
+             }
 
-               document.addEventListener('resizeWindow', function () {
-                   utilSetDimensions(_container, null);
-                   redraw(1);
-               }, false);
+             context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrMemberSelector([entity.id], context.graph())).classed('hover', true);
+           }
+         } // The conflict list should be an array of objects like:
+         // {
+         //     id: id,
+         //     name: entityName(local),
+         //     details: merge.conflicts(),
+         //     chosen: 1,
+         //     choices: [
+         //         choice(id, keepMine, forceLocal),
+         //         choice(id, keepTheirs, forceRemote)
+         //     ]
+         // }
 
-               updateHints(null);
 
+         conflicts.conflictList = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _conflictList;
+           _conflictList = _;
+           return conflicts;
+         };
 
-               function click() {
-                   surface
-                       .call(breathe.off)
-                       .call(breathe);
+         conflicts.origChanges = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _origChanges;
+           _origChanges = _;
+           return conflicts;
+         };
 
-                   var datum = event.target.__data__;
-                   var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
-                   if (entity) {
-                       datum = entity;
-                   }
+         conflicts.shownEntityIds = function () {
+           if (_conflictList && typeof _shownConflictIndex === 'number') {
+             return [_conflictList[_shownConflictIndex].id];
+           }
 
-                   if (datum instanceof osmWay && (datum.__from || datum.__via)) {
-                       _fromWayID = datum.id;
-                       _oldTurns = null;
-                       redraw();
-
-                   } else if (datum instanceof osmTurn) {
-                       var actions, extraActions, turns, i;
-                       var restrictionType = osmInferRestriction(vgraph, datum, projection);
-
-                       if (datum.restrictionID && !datum.direct) {
-                           return;
-
-                       } else if (datum.restrictionID && !datum.only) {    // NO -> ONLY
-                           var seen = {};
-                           var datumOnly = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(datum));   // deep clone the datum
-                           datumOnly.only = true;                               // but change this property
-                           restrictionType = restrictionType.replace(/^no/, 'only');
-
-                           // Adding an ONLY restriction should destroy all other direct restrictions from the FROM towards the VIA.
-                           // We will remember them in _oldTurns, and restore them if the user clicks again.
-                           turns = _intersection.turns(_fromWayID, 2);
-                           extraActions = [];
-                           _oldTurns = [];
-                           for (i = 0; i < turns.length; i++) {
-                               var turn = turns[i];
-                               if (seen[turn.restrictionID]) continue;  // avoid deleting the turn twice (#4968, #4928)
-
-                               if (turn.direct && turn.path[1] === datum.path[1]) {
-                                   seen[turns[i].restrictionID] = true;
-                                   turn.restrictionType = osmInferRestriction(vgraph, turn, projection);
-                                   _oldTurns.push(turn);
-                                   extraActions.push(actionUnrestrictTurn(turn));
-                               }
-                           }
+           return [];
+         };
 
-                           actions = _intersection.actions.concat(extraActions, [
-                               actionRestrictTurn(datumOnly, restrictionType),
-                               _t('operations.restriction.annotation.create')
-                           ]);
-
-                       } else if (datum.restrictionID) {   // ONLY -> Allowed
-                           // Restore whatever restrictions we might have destroyed by cycling thru the ONLY state.
-                           // This relies on the assumption that the intersection was already split up when we
-                           // performed the previous action (NO -> ONLY), so the IDs in _oldTurns shouldn't have changed.
-                           turns = _oldTurns || [];
-                           extraActions = [];
-                           for (i = 0; i < turns.length; i++) {
-                               if (turns[i].key !== datum.key) {
-                                   extraActions.push(actionRestrictTurn(turns[i], turns[i].restrictionType));
-                               }
-                           }
-                           _oldTurns = null;
-
-                           actions = _intersection.actions.concat(extraActions, [
-                               actionUnrestrictTurn(datum),
-                               _t('operations.restriction.annotation.delete')
-                           ]);
-
-                       } else {    // Allowed -> NO
-                           actions = _intersection.actions.concat([
-                               actionRestrictTurn(datum, restrictionType),
-                               _t('operations.restriction.annotation.create')
-                           ]);
-                       }
+         return utilRebind(conflicts, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-                       context.perform.apply(context, actions);
+       function uiSectionEntityIssues(context) {
+         // Does the user prefer to expand the active issue?  Useful for viewing tag diff.
+         // Expand by default so first timers see it - #6408, #8143
+         var preference = corePreferences('entity-issues.reference.expanded');
 
-                       // At this point the datum will be changed, but will have same key..
-                       // Refresh it and update the help..
-                       var s = surface.selectAll('.' + datum.key);
-                       datum = s.empty() ? null : s.datum();
-                       updateHints(datum);
+         var _expanded = preference === null ? true : preference === 'true';
 
-                   } else {
-                       _fromWayID = null;
-                       _oldTurns = null;
-                       redraw();
-                   }
-               }
+         var _entityIDs = [];
+         var _issues = [];
 
+         var _activeIssueID;
 
-               function mouseover() {
-                   var datum = event.target.__data__;
-                   updateHints(datum);
-               }
+         var section = uiSection('entity-issues', context).shouldDisplay(function () {
+           return _issues.length > 0;
+         }).label(function () {
+           return _t.html('inspector.title_count', {
+             title: {
+               html: _t.html('issues.list_title')
+             },
+             count: _issues.length
+           });
+         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+         context.validator().on('validated.entity_issues', function () {
+           // Refresh on validated events
+           reloadIssues();
+           section.reRender();
+         }).on('focusedIssue.entity_issues', function (issue) {
+           makeActiveIssue(issue.id);
+         });
 
-               _lastXPos = _lastXPos || sdims[0];
+         function reloadIssues() {
+           _issues = context.validator().getSharedEntityIssues(_entityIDs, {
+             includeDisabledRules: true
+           });
+         }
 
-               function redraw(minChange) {
-                   var xPos = -1;
+         function makeActiveIssue(issueID) {
+           _activeIssueID = issueID;
+           section.selection().selectAll('.issue-container').classed('active', function (d) {
+             return d.id === _activeIssueID;
+           });
+         }
 
-                   if (minChange) {
-                       xPos = utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.sidebar'))[0];
-                   }
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           selection.classed('grouped-items-area', true);
+           _activeIssueID = _issues.length > 0 ? _issues[0].id : null;
+           var containers = selection.selectAll('.issue-container').data(_issues, function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }); // Exit
 
-                   if (!minChange || (minChange && Math.abs(xPos - _lastXPos) >= minChange)) {
-                       if (context.hasEntity(_vertexID)) {
-                           _lastXPos = xPos;
-                           _container.call(renderViewer);
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+           containers.exit().remove(); // Enter
 
+           var containersEnter = containers.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issue-container');
+           var itemsEnter = containersEnter.append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'issue severity-' + d.severity;
+           }).on('mouseover.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
+             // don't hover-highlight the selected entity
+             var ids = d.entityIds.filter(function (e) {
+               return _entityIDs.indexOf(e) === -1;
+             });
+             utilHighlightEntities(ids, true, context);
+           }).on('mouseout.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
+             var ids = d.entityIds.filter(function (e) {
+               return _entityIDs.indexOf(e) === -1;
+             });
+             utilHighlightEntities(ids, false, context);
+           });
+           var labelsEnter = itemsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'issue-label');
+           var textEnter = labelsEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'issue-text').on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             makeActiveIssue(d.id); // expand only the clicked item
 
-               function highlightPathsFrom(wayID) {
-                   surface.selectAll('.related')
-                       .classed('related', false)
-                       .classed('allow', false)
-                       .classed('restrict', false)
-                       .classed('only', false);
+             var extent = d.extent(context.graph());
 
-                   surface.selectAll('.' + wayID)
-                       .classed('related', true);
+             if (extent) {
+               var setZoom = Math.max(context.map().zoom(), 19);
+               context.map().unobscuredCenterZoomEase(extent.center(), setZoom);
+             }
+           });
+           textEnter.each(function (d) {
+             var iconName = '#iD-icon-' + (d.severity === 'warning' ? 'alert' : 'error');
+             select(this).call(svgIcon(iconName, 'issue-icon'));
+           });
+           textEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'issue-message');
+           var infoButton = labelsEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'issue-info-button').attr('title', _t('icons.information')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-inspect'));
+           infoButton.on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
+
+             var container = select(this.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode);
+             var info = container.selectAll('.issue-info');
+             var isExpanded = info.classed('expanded');
+             _expanded = !isExpanded;
+             corePreferences('entity-issues.reference.expanded', _expanded); // update preference
+
+             if (isExpanded) {
+               info.transition().duration(200).style('max-height', '0px').style('opacity', '0').on('end', function () {
+                 info.classed('expanded', false);
+               });
+             } else {
+               info.classed('expanded', true).transition().duration(200).style('max-height', '200px').style('opacity', '1').on('end', function () {
+                 info.style('max-height', null);
+               });
+             }
+           });
+           itemsEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'issue-fix-list');
+           containersEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'issue-info' + (_expanded ? ' expanded' : '')).style('max-height', _expanded ? null : '0').style('opacity', _expanded ? '1' : '0').each(function (d) {
+             if (typeof d.reference === 'function') {
+               select(this).call(d.reference);
+             } else {
+               select(this).call(_t.append('inspector.no_documentation_key'));
+             }
+           }); // Update
 
-                   if (wayID) {
-                       var turns = _intersection.turns(wayID, _maxViaWay);
-                       for (var i = 0; i < turns.length; i++) {
-                           var turn = turns[i];
-                           var ids = [turn.to.way];
-                           var klass = (turn.no ? 'restrict' : (turn.only ? 'only' : 'allow'));
+           containers = containers.merge(containersEnter).classed('active', function (d) {
+             return d.id === _activeIssueID;
+           });
+           containers.selectAll('.issue-message').html(function (d) {
+             return d.message(context);
+           }); // fixes
+
+           var fixLists = containers.selectAll('.issue-fix-list');
+           var fixes = fixLists.selectAll('.issue-fix-item').data(function (d) {
+             return d.fixes ? d.fixes(context) : [];
+           }, function (fix) {
+             return fix.id;
+           });
+           fixes.exit().remove();
+           var fixesEnter = fixes.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'issue-fix-item');
+           var buttons = fixesEnter.append('button').on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             // not all fixes are actionable
+             if (select(this).attr('disabled') || !d.onClick) return; // Don't run another fix for this issue within a second of running one
+             // (Necessary for "Select a feature type" fix. Most fixes should only ever run once)
+
+             if (d.issue.dateLastRanFix && new Date() - d.issue.dateLastRanFix < 1000) return;
+             d.issue.dateLastRanFix = new Date(); // remove hover-highlighting
+
+             utilHighlightEntities(d.issue.entityIds.concat(d.entityIds), false, context);
+             new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
+               d.onClick(context, resolve, reject);
+
+               if (d.onClick.length <= 1) {
+                 // if the fix doesn't take any completion parameters then consider it resolved
+                 resolve();
+               }
+             }).then(function () {
+               // revalidate whenever the fix has finished running successfully
+               context.validator().validate();
+             });
+           }).on('mouseover.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
+             utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, true, context);
+           }).on('mouseout.highlight', function (d3_event, d) {
+             utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, false, context);
+           });
+           buttons.each(function (d) {
+             var iconName = d.icon || 'iD-icon-wrench';
 
-                           if (turn.only || turns.length === 1) {
-                               if (turn.via.ways) {
-                                   ids = ids.concat(turn.via.ways);
-                               }
-                           } else if (turn.to.way === wayID) {
-                               continue;
-                           }
+             if (iconName.startsWith('maki')) {
+               iconName += '-15';
+             }
 
-                           surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector(ids))
-                               .classed('related', true)
-                               .classed('allow', (klass === 'allow'))
-                               .classed('restrict', (klass === 'restrict'))
-                               .classed('only', (klass === 'only'));
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+             select(this).call(svgIcon('#' + iconName, 'fix-icon'));
+           });
+           buttons.append('span').attr('class', 'fix-message').html(function (d) {
+             return d.title;
+           });
+           fixesEnter.merge(fixes).selectAll('button').classed('actionable', function (d) {
+             return d.onClick;
+           }).attr('disabled', function (d) {
+             return d.onClick ? null : 'true';
+           }).attr('title', function (d) {
+             if (d.disabledReason) {
+               return d.disabledReason;
+             }
 
+             return null;
+           });
+         }
 
-               function updateHints(datum) {
-                   var help = _container.selectAll('.restriction-help').html('');
+         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
 
-                   var placeholders = {};
-                   ['from', 'via', 'to'].forEach(function(k) {
-                       placeholders[k] = '<span class="qualifier">' + _t('restriction.help.' + k) + '</span>';
-                   });
+           if (!_entityIDs || !val || !utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) {
+             _entityIDs = val;
+             _activeIssueID = null;
+             reloadIssues();
+           }
 
-                   var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
-                   if (entity) {
-                       datum = entity;
-                   }
+           return section;
+         };
 
-                   if (_fromWayID) {
-                       way = vgraph.entity(_fromWayID);
-                       surface
-                           .selectAll('.' + _fromWayID)
-                           .classed('selected', true)
-                           .classed('related', true);
-                   }
+         return section;
+       }
 
-                   // Hovering a way
-                   if (datum instanceof osmWay && datum.__from) {
-                       way = datum;
-
-                       highlightPathsFrom(_fromWayID ? null : way.id);
-                       surface.selectAll('.' + way.id)
-                           .classed('related', true);
-
-                       var clickSelect = (!_fromWayID || _fromWayID !== way.id);
-                       help
-                           .append('div')      // "Click to select FROM {fromName}." / "FROM {fromName}"
-                           .html(_t('restriction.help.' + (clickSelect ? 'select_from_name' : 'from_name'), {
-                               from: placeholders.from,
-                               fromName: displayName(way.id, vgraph)
-                           }));
-
-
-                   // Hovering a turn arrow
-                   } else if (datum instanceof osmTurn) {
-                       var restrictionType = osmInferRestriction(vgraph, datum, projection);
-                       var turnType = restrictionType.replace(/^(only|no)\_/, '');
-                       var indirect = (datum.direct === false ? _t('restriction.help.indirect') : '');
-                       var klass, turnText, nextText;
-
-                       if (datum.no) {
-                           klass = 'restrict';
-                           turnText = _t('restriction.help.turn.no_' + turnType, { indirect: indirect });
-                           nextText = _t('restriction.help.turn.only_' + turnType, { indirect: '' });
-                       } else if (datum.only) {
-                           klass = 'only';
-                           turnText = _t('restriction.help.turn.only_' + turnType, { indirect: indirect });
-                           nextText = _t('restriction.help.turn.allowed_' + turnType, { indirect: '' });
-                       } else {
-                           klass = 'allow';
-                           turnText = _t('restriction.help.turn.allowed_' + turnType, { indirect: indirect });
-                           nextText = _t('restriction.help.turn.no_' + turnType, { indirect: '' });
-                       }
+       function uiPresetIcon() {
+         var _preset;
 
-                       help
-                           .append('div')      // "NO Right Turn (indirect)"
-                           .attr('class', 'qualifier ' + klass)
-                           .text(turnText);
-
-                       help
-                           .append('div')      // "FROM {fromName} TO {toName}"
-                           .html(_t('restriction.help.from_name_to_name', {
-                               from: placeholders.from,
-                               fromName: displayName(datum.from.way, vgraph),
-                               to: placeholders.to,
-                               toName: displayName(datum.to.way, vgraph)
-                           }));
-
-                       if (datum.via.ways && datum.via.ways.length) {
-                           var names = [];
-                           for (var i = 0; i < datum.via.ways.length; i++) {
-                               var prev = names[names.length - 1];
-                               var curr = displayName(datum.via.ways[i], vgraph);
-                               if (!prev || curr !== prev)   // collapse identical names
-                                   names.push(curr);
-                           }
+         var _geometry;
 
-                           help
-                               .append('div')      // "VIA {viaNames}"
-                               .html(_t('restriction.help.via_names', {
-                                   via: placeholders.via,
-                                   viaNames: names.join(', ')
-                               }));
-                       }
+         var _sizeClass = 'medium';
 
-                       if (!indirect) {
-                           help
-                               .append('div')      // Click for "No Right Turn"
-                               .text(_t('restriction.help.toggle', { turn: nextText.trim() }));
-                       }
+         function isSmall() {
+           return _sizeClass === 'small';
+         }
 
-                       highlightPathsFrom(null);
-                       var alongIDs = datum.path.slice();
-                       surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector(alongIDs))
-                           .classed('related', true)
-                           .classed('allow', (klass === 'allow'))
-                           .classed('restrict', (klass === 'restrict'))
-                           .classed('only', (klass === 'only'));
+         function presetIcon(selection) {
+           selection.each(render);
+         }
 
+         function getIcon(p, geom) {
+           if (isSmall() && p.isFallback && p.isFallback()) return 'iD-icon-' + p.id;
+           if (p.icon) return p.icon;
+           if (geom === 'line') return 'iD-other-line';
+           if (geom === 'vertex') return p.isFallback() ? '' : 'temaki-vertex';
+           if (isSmall() && geom === 'point') return '';
+           return 'maki-marker-stroked';
+         }
+
+         function renderPointBorder(container, drawPoint) {
+           var pointBorder = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-point-border').data(drawPoint ? [0] : []);
+           pointBorder.exit().remove();
+           var pointBorderEnter = pointBorder.enter();
+           var w = 40;
+           var h = 40;
+           pointBorderEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-point-border').attr('width', w).attr('height', h).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(w, " ").concat(h)).append('path').attr('transform', 'translate(11.5, 8)').attr('d', 'M 17,8 C 17,13 11,21 8.5,23.5 C 6,21 0,13 0,8 C 0,4 4,-0.5 8.5,-0.5 C 13,-0.5 17,4 17,8 z');
+           pointBorder = pointBorderEnter.merge(pointBorder);
+         }
 
-                   // Hovering empty surface
-                   } else {
-                       highlightPathsFrom(null);
-                       if (_fromWayID) {
-                           help
-                               .append('div')      // "FROM {fromName}"
-                               .html(_t('restriction.help.from_name', {
-                                   from: placeholders.from,
-                                   fromName: displayName(_fromWayID, vgraph)
-                               }));
+         function renderCategoryBorder(container, category) {
+           var categoryBorder = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-category-border').data(category ? [0] : []);
+           categoryBorder.exit().remove();
+           var categoryBorderEnter = categoryBorder.enter();
+           var d = 60;
+           var svgEnter = categoryBorderEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-category-border').attr('width', d).attr('height', d).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(d, " ").concat(d));
+           svgEnter.append('path').attr('class', 'area').attr('d', 'M9.5,7.5 L25.5,7.5 L28.5,12.5 L49.5,12.5 C51.709139,12.5 53.5,14.290861 53.5,16.5 L53.5,43.5 C53.5,45.709139 51.709139,47.5 49.5,47.5 L10.5,47.5 C8.290861,47.5 6.5,45.709139 6.5,43.5 L6.5,12.5 L9.5,7.5 Z');
+           categoryBorder = categoryBorderEnter.merge(categoryBorder);
 
-                       } else {
-                           help
-                               .append('div')      // "Click to select a FROM segment."
-                               .html(_t('restriction.help.select_from', {
-                                   from: placeholders.from
-                               }));
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+           if (category) {
+             categoryBorder.selectAll('path').attr('class', "area ".concat(category.id));
            }
+         }
 
+         function renderCircleFill(container, drawVertex) {
+           var vertexFill = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-fill-vertex').data(drawVertex ? [0] : []);
+           vertexFill.exit().remove();
+           var vertexFillEnter = vertexFill.enter();
+           var w = 60;
+           var h = 60;
+           var d = 40;
+           vertexFillEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-fill-vertex').attr('width', w).attr('height', h).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(w, " ").concat(h)).append('circle').attr('cx', w / 2).attr('cy', h / 2).attr('r', d / 2);
+           vertexFill = vertexFillEnter.merge(vertexFill);
+         }
 
-           function displayMaxDistance(maxDist) {
-               var isImperial = !_mainLocalizer.usesMetric();
-               var opts;
-
-               if (isImperial) {
-                   var distToFeet = {   // imprecise conversion for prettier display
-                       20: 70, 25: 85, 30: 100, 35: 115, 40: 130, 45: 145, 50: 160
-                   }[maxDist];
-                   opts = { distance: _t('units.feet', { quantity: distToFeet }) };
-               } else {
-                   opts = { distance: _t('units.meters', { quantity: maxDist }) };
-               }
+         function renderSquareFill(container, drawArea, tagClasses) {
+           var fill = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-fill-area').data(drawArea ? [0] : []);
+           fill.exit().remove();
+           var fillEnter = fill.enter();
+           var d = isSmall() ? 40 : 60;
+           var w = d;
+           var h = d;
+           var l = d * 2 / 3;
+           var c1 = (w - l) / 2;
+           var c2 = c1 + l;
+           fillEnter = fillEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-fill-area').attr('width', w).attr('height', h).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(w, " ").concat(h));
+           ['fill', 'stroke'].forEach(function (klass) {
+             fillEnter.append('path').attr('d', "M".concat(c1, " ").concat(c1, " L").concat(c1, " ").concat(c2, " L").concat(c2, " ").concat(c2, " L").concat(c2, " ").concat(c1, " Z")).attr('class', "area ".concat(klass));
+           });
+           var rVertex = 2.5;
+           [[c1, c1], [c1, c2], [c2, c2], [c2, c1]].forEach(function (point) {
+             fillEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'vertex').attr('cx', point[0]).attr('cy', point[1]).attr('r', rVertex);
+           });
 
-               return _t('restriction.controls.distance_up_to', opts);
+           if (!isSmall()) {
+             var rMidpoint = 1.25;
+             [[c1, w / 2], [c2, w / 2], [h / 2, c1], [h / 2, c2]].forEach(function (point) {
+               fillEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'midpoint').attr('cx', point[0]).attr('cy', point[1]).attr('r', rMidpoint);
+             });
            }
 
+           fill = fillEnter.merge(fill);
+           fill.selectAll('path.stroke').attr('class', "area stroke ".concat(tagClasses));
+           fill.selectAll('path.fill').attr('class', "area fill ".concat(tagClasses));
+         }
+
+         function renderLine(container, drawLine, tagClasses) {
+           var line = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-line').data(drawLine ? [0] : []);
+           line.exit().remove();
+           var lineEnter = line.enter();
+           var d = isSmall() ? 40 : 60; // draw the line parametrically
+
+           var w = d;
+           var h = d;
+           var y = Math.round(d * 0.72);
+           var l = Math.round(d * 0.6);
+           var r = 2.5;
+           var x1 = (w - l) / 2;
+           var x2 = x1 + l;
+           lineEnter = lineEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-line').attr('width', w).attr('height', h).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(w, " ").concat(h));
+           ['casing', 'stroke'].forEach(function (klass) {
+             lineEnter.append('path').attr('d', "M".concat(x1, " ").concat(y, " L").concat(x2, " ").concat(y)).attr('class', "line ".concat(klass));
+           });
+           [[x1 - 1, y], [x2 + 1, y]].forEach(function (point) {
+             lineEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'vertex').attr('cx', point[0]).attr('cy', point[1]).attr('r', r);
+           });
+           line = lineEnter.merge(line);
+           line.selectAll('path.stroke').attr('class', "line stroke ".concat(tagClasses));
+           line.selectAll('path.casing').attr('class', "line casing ".concat(tagClasses));
+         }
+
+         function renderRoute(container, drawRoute, p) {
+           var route = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-route').data(drawRoute ? [0] : []);
+           route.exit().remove();
+           var routeEnter = route.enter();
+           var d = isSmall() ? 40 : 60; // draw the route parametrically
+
+           var w = d;
+           var h = d;
+           var y1 = Math.round(d * 0.80);
+           var y2 = Math.round(d * 0.68);
+           var l = Math.round(d * 0.6);
+           var r = 2;
+           var x1 = (w - l) / 2;
+           var x2 = x1 + l / 3;
+           var x3 = x2 + l / 3;
+           var x4 = x3 + l / 3;
+           routeEnter = routeEnter.append('svg').attr('class', 'preset-icon-route').attr('width', w).attr('height', h).attr('viewBox', "0 0 ".concat(w, " ").concat(h));
+           ['casing', 'stroke'].forEach(function (klass) {
+             routeEnter.append('path').attr('d', "M".concat(x1, " ").concat(y1, " L").concat(x2, " ").concat(y2)).attr('class', "segment0 line ".concat(klass));
+             routeEnter.append('path').attr('d', "M".concat(x2, " ").concat(y2, " L").concat(x3, " ").concat(y1)).attr('class', "segment1 line ".concat(klass));
+             routeEnter.append('path').attr('d', "M".concat(x3, " ").concat(y1, " L").concat(x4, " ").concat(y2)).attr('class', "segment2 line ".concat(klass));
+           });
+           [[x1, y1], [x2, y2], [x3, y1], [x4, y2]].forEach(function (point) {
+             routeEnter.append('circle').attr('class', 'vertex').attr('cx', point[0]).attr('cy', point[1]).attr('r', r);
+           });
+           route = routeEnter.merge(route);
+
+           if (drawRoute) {
+             var routeType = p.tags.type === 'waterway' ? 'waterway' : p.tags.route;
+             var segmentPresetIDs = routeSegments[routeType];
 
-           function displayMaxVia(maxVia) {
-               return maxVia === 0 ? _t('restriction.controls.via_node_only')
-                   : maxVia === 1 ? _t('restriction.controls.via_up_to_one')
-                   : _t('restriction.controls.via_up_to_two');
+             for (var i in segmentPresetIDs) {
+               var segmentPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item(segmentPresetIDs[i]);
+               var segmentTagClasses = svgTagClasses().getClassesString(segmentPreset.tags, '');
+               route.selectAll("path.stroke.segment".concat(i)).attr('class', "segment".concat(i, " line stroke ").concat(segmentTagClasses));
+               route.selectAll("path.casing.segment".concat(i)).attr('class', "segment".concat(i, " line casing ").concat(segmentTagClasses));
+             }
            }
+         }
 
+         function renderSvgIcon(container, picon, geom, isFramed, category, tagClasses) {
+           var isMaki = picon && /^maki-/.test(picon);
+           var isTemaki = picon && /^temaki-/.test(picon);
+           var isFa = picon && /^fa[srb]-/.test(picon);
+           var isiDIcon = picon && !(isMaki || isTemaki || isFa);
+           var icon = container.selectAll('.preset-icon').data(picon ? [0] : []);
+           icon.exit().remove();
+           icon = icon.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'preset-icon').call(svgIcon('')).merge(icon);
+           icon.attr('class', 'preset-icon ' + (geom ? geom + '-geom' : '')).classed('category', category).classed('framed', isFramed).classed('preset-icon-iD', isiDIcon);
+           icon.selectAll('svg').attr('class', 'icon ' + picon + ' ' + (!isiDIcon && geom !== 'line' ? '' : tagClasses));
+           var suffix = '';
 
-           function displayName(entityID, graph) {
-               var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
-               var name = utilDisplayName(entity) || '';
-               var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
-               var type = (matched && matched.name()) || utilDisplayType(entity.id);
-               return name || type;
+           if (isMaki) {
+             suffix = isSmall() && geom === 'point' ? '-11' : '-15';
            }
 
+           icon.selectAll('use').attr('href', '#' + picon + suffix);
+         }
+
+         function renderImageIcon(container, imageURL) {
+           var imageIcon = container.selectAll('img.image-icon').data(imageURL ? [0] : []);
+           imageIcon.exit().remove();
+           imageIcon = imageIcon.enter().append('img').attr('class', 'image-icon').on('load', function () {
+             return container.classed('showing-img', true);
+           }).on('error', function () {
+             return container.classed('showing-img', false);
+           }).merge(imageIcon);
+           imageIcon.attr('src', imageURL);
+         } // Route icons are drawn with a zigzag annotation underneath:
+         //     o   o
+         //    / \ /
+         //   o   o
+         // This dataset defines the styles that are used to draw the zigzag segments.
 
-           restrictions.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               _intersection = null;
-               _fromWayID = null;
-               _oldTurns = null;
-               _vertexID = val[0];
-           };
 
+         var routeSegments = {
+           bicycle: ['highway/cycleway', 'highway/cycleway', 'highway/cycleway'],
+           bus: ['highway/unclassified', 'highway/secondary', 'highway/primary'],
+           trolleybus: ['highway/unclassified', 'highway/secondary', 'highway/primary'],
+           detour: ['highway/tertiary', 'highway/residential', 'highway/unclassified'],
+           ferry: ['route/ferry', 'route/ferry', 'route/ferry'],
+           foot: ['highway/footway', 'highway/footway', 'highway/footway'],
+           hiking: ['highway/path', 'highway/path', 'highway/path'],
+           horse: ['highway/bridleway', 'highway/bridleway', 'highway/bridleway'],
+           light_rail: ['railway/light_rail', 'railway/light_rail', 'railway/light_rail'],
+           monorail: ['railway/monorail', 'railway/monorail', 'railway/monorail'],
+           mtb: ['highway/path', 'highway/track', 'highway/bridleway'],
+           pipeline: ['man_made/pipeline', 'man_made/pipeline', 'man_made/pipeline'],
+           piste: ['piste/downhill', 'piste/hike', 'piste/nordic'],
+           power: ['power/line', 'power/line', 'power/line'],
+           road: ['highway/secondary', 'highway/primary', 'highway/trunk'],
+           subway: ['railway/subway', 'railway/subway', 'railway/subway'],
+           train: ['railway/rail', 'railway/rail', 'railway/rail'],
+           tram: ['railway/tram', 'railway/tram', 'railway/tram'],
+           waterway: ['waterway/stream', 'waterway/stream', 'waterway/stream']
+         };
+
+         function render() {
+           var p = _preset.apply(this, arguments);
 
-           restrictions.tags = function() {};
-           restrictions.focus = function() {};
+           var geom = _geometry ? _geometry.apply(this, arguments) : null;
 
+           if (geom === 'relation' && p.tags && (p.tags.type === 'route' && p.tags.route && routeSegments[p.tags.route] || p.tags.type === 'waterway')) {
+             geom = 'route';
+           }
 
-           restrictions.off = function(selection) {
-               if (!_initialized) return;
+           var showThirdPartyIcons = corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons') || 'true';
+           var isFallback = isSmall() && p.isFallback && p.isFallback();
+           var imageURL = showThirdPartyIcons === 'true' && p.imageURL;
+           var picon = getIcon(p, geom);
+           var isCategory = !p.setTags;
+           var drawPoint = picon && geom === 'point' && isSmall() && !isFallback;
+           var drawVertex = picon !== null && geom === 'vertex' && (!isSmall() || !isFallback);
+           var drawLine = picon && geom === 'line' && !isFallback && !isCategory;
+           var drawArea = picon && geom === 'area' && !isFallback && !isCategory;
+           var drawRoute = picon && geom === 'route';
+           var isFramed = drawVertex || drawArea || drawLine || drawRoute || isCategory;
+           var tags = !isCategory ? p.setTags({}, geom) : {};
 
-               selection.selectAll('.surface')
-                   .call(breathe.off)
-                   .on('click.restrictions', null)
-                   .on('mouseover.restrictions', null);
+           for (var k in tags) {
+             if (tags[k] === '*') {
+               tags[k] = 'yes';
+             }
+           }
 
-               select(window)
-                   .on('resize.restrictions', null);
-           };
+           var tagClasses = svgTagClasses().getClassesString(tags, '');
+           var selection = select(this);
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.preset-icon-container').data([0]);
+           container = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', "preset-icon-container ".concat(_sizeClass)).merge(container);
+           container.classed('showing-img', !!imageURL).classed('fallback', isFallback);
+           renderCategoryBorder(container, isCategory && p);
+           renderPointBorder(container, drawPoint);
+           renderCircleFill(container, drawVertex);
+           renderSquareFill(container, drawArea, tagClasses);
+           renderLine(container, drawLine, tagClasses);
+           renderRoute(container, drawRoute, p);
+           renderSvgIcon(container, picon, geom, isFramed, isCategory, tagClasses);
+           renderImageIcon(container, imageURL);
+         }
 
+         presetIcon.preset = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _preset;
+           _preset = utilFunctor(val);
+           return presetIcon;
+         };
 
-           return utilRebind(restrictions, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+         presetIcon.geometry = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _geometry;
+           _geometry = utilFunctor(val);
+           return presetIcon;
+         };
 
-       uiFieldRestrictions.supportsMultiselection = false;
+         presetIcon.sizeClass = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _sizeClass;
+           _sizeClass = val;
+           return presetIcon;
+         };
 
-       function uiFieldTextarea(field, context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-           var input = select(null);
-           var _tags;
+         return presetIcon;
+       }
 
+       function uiSectionFeatureType(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('choose');
+         var _entityIDs = [];
+         var _presets = [];
+
+         var _tagReference;
+
+         var section = uiSection('feature-type', context).label(_t.html('inspector.feature_type')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           selection.classed('preset-list-item', true);
+           selection.classed('mixed-types', _presets.length > 1);
+           var presetButtonWrap = selection.selectAll('.preset-list-button-wrap').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list-button-wrap');
+           var presetButton = presetButtonWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'preset-list-button preset-reset').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('inspector.back_tooltip')).placement('bottom'));
+           presetButton.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-icon-container');
+           presetButton.append('div').attr('class', 'label').append('div').attr('class', 'label-inner');
+           presetButtonWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'accessory-buttons');
+           var tagReferenceBodyWrap = selection.selectAll('.tag-reference-body-wrap').data([0]);
+           tagReferenceBodyWrap = tagReferenceBodyWrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'tag-reference-body-wrap').merge(tagReferenceBodyWrap); // update header
+
+           if (_tagReference) {
+             selection.selectAll('.preset-list-button-wrap .accessory-buttons').style('display', _presets.length === 1 ? null : 'none').call(_tagReference.button);
+             tagReferenceBodyWrap.style('display', _presets.length === 1 ? null : 'none').call(_tagReference.body);
+           }
+
+           selection.selectAll('.preset-reset').on('click', function () {
+             dispatch.call('choose', this, _presets);
+           }).on('pointerdown pointerup mousedown mouseup', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           });
+           var geometries = entityGeometries();
+           selection.select('.preset-list-item button').call(uiPresetIcon().geometry(_presets.length === 1 ? geometries.length === 1 && geometries[0] : null).preset(_presets.length === 1 ? _presets[0] : _mainPresetIndex.item('point')));
+           var names = _presets.length === 1 ? [_presets[0].nameLabel(), _presets[0].subtitleLabel()].filter(Boolean) : [_t('inspector.multiple_types')];
+           var label = selection.select('.label-inner');
+           var nameparts = label.selectAll('.namepart').data(names, function (d) {
+             return d;
+           });
+           nameparts.exit().remove();
+           nameparts.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'namepart').html(function (d) {
+             return d;
+           });
+         }
 
-           function textarea(selection) {
-               var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
-                   .data([0]);
+         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return section;
+         };
 
-               wrap = wrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
-                   .merge(wrap);
+         section.presets = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _presets; // don't reload the same preset
 
-               input = wrap.selectAll('textarea')
-                   .data([0]);
+           if (!utilArrayIdentical(val, _presets)) {
+             _presets = val;
 
-               input = input.enter()
-                   .append('textarea')
-                   .attr('id', field.domId)
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .on('input', change(true))
-                   .on('blur', change())
-                   .on('change', change())
-                   .merge(input);
+             if (_presets.length === 1) {
+               _tagReference = uiTagReference(_presets[0].reference()).showing(false);
+             }
            }
 
+           return section;
+         };
 
-           function change(onInput) {
-               return function() {
-
-                   var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
-                   if (!onInput) val = context.cleanTagValue(val);
-
-                   // don't override multiple values with blank string
-                   if (!val && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) return;
+         function entityGeometries() {
+           var counts = {};
 
-                   var t = {};
-                   t[field.key] = val || undefined;
-                   dispatch$1.call('change', this, t, onInput);
-               };
+           for (var i in _entityIDs) {
+             var geometry = context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[i]);
+             if (!counts[geometry]) counts[geometry] = 0;
+             counts[geometry] += 1;
            }
 
+           return Object.keys(counts).sort(function (geom1, geom2) {
+             return counts[geom2] - counts[geom1];
+           });
+         }
 
-           textarea.tags = function(tags) {
-               _tags = tags;
-
-               var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
-
-               utilGetSetValue(input, !isMixed && tags[field.key] ? tags[field.key] : '')
-                   .attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : undefined)
-                   .attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : (field.placeholder() || _t('inspector.unknown')))
-                   .classed('mixed', isMixed);
-           };
+         return utilRebind(section, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
+       function uiSectionPresetFields(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('preset-fields', context).label(_t.html('inspector.fields')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change', 'revert');
+         var formFields = uiFormFields(context);
 
-           textarea.focus = function() {
-               input.node().focus();
-           };
+         var _state;
 
+         var _fieldsArr;
 
-           return utilRebind(textarea, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+         var _presets = [];
 
-       function uiFieldWikidata(field, context) {
-           var wikidata = services.wikidata;
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-
-           var _selection = select(null);
-           var _searchInput = select(null);
-           var _qid = null;
-           var _wikidataEntity = null;
-           var _wikiURL = '';
-           var _entityIDs = [];
-
-           var _wikipediaKey = field.keys && field.keys.find(function(key) {
-                   return key.includes('wikipedia');
-               }),
-               _hintKey = field.key === 'wikidata' ? 'name' : field.key.split(':')[0];
+         var _tags;
 
-           var combobox = uiCombobox(context, 'combo-' + field.safeid)
-               .caseSensitive(true)
-               .minItems(1);
+         var _entityIDs;
 
-           function wiki(selection) {
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           if (!_fieldsArr) {
+             var graph = context.graph();
+             var geometries = Object.keys(_entityIDs.reduce(function (geoms, entityID) {
+               geoms[graph.entity(entityID).geometry(graph)] = true;
+               return geoms;
+             }, {}));
+             var presetsManager = _mainPresetIndex;
+             var allFields = [];
+             var allMoreFields = [];
+             var sharedTotalFields;
 
-               _selection = selection;
+             _presets.forEach(function (preset) {
+               var fields = preset.fields();
+               var moreFields = preset.moreFields();
+               allFields = utilArrayUnion(allFields, fields);
+               allMoreFields = utilArrayUnion(allMoreFields, moreFields);
 
-               var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
-                   .data([0]);
+               if (!sharedTotalFields) {
+                 sharedTotalFields = utilArrayUnion(fields, moreFields);
+               } else {
+                 sharedTotalFields = sharedTotalFields.filter(function (field) {
+                   return fields.indexOf(field) !== -1 || moreFields.indexOf(field) !== -1;
+                 });
+               }
+             });
 
-               wrap = wrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
-                   .merge(wrap);
-
-
-               var list = wrap.selectAll('ul')
-                   .data([0]);
-
-               list = list.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'rows')
-                   .merge(list);
-
-               var searchRow = list.selectAll('li.wikidata-search')
-                   .data([0]);
-
-               var searchRowEnter = searchRow.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'wikidata-search');
-
-               searchRowEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'text')
-                   .attr('id', field.domId)
-                   .style('flex', '1')
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .on('focus', function() {
-                       var node = select(this).node();
-                       node.setSelectionRange(0, node.value.length);
-                   })
-                   .on('blur', function() {
-                       setLabelForEntity();
-                   })
-                   .call(combobox.fetcher(fetchWikidataItems));
-
-               combobox.on('accept', function(d) {
-                   _qid = d.id;
-                   change();
-               }).on('cancel', function() {
-                   setLabelForEntity();
-               });
+             var sharedFields = allFields.filter(function (field) {
+               return sharedTotalFields.indexOf(field) !== -1;
+             });
+             var sharedMoreFields = allMoreFields.filter(function (field) {
+               return sharedTotalFields.indexOf(field) !== -1;
+             });
+             _fieldsArr = [];
+             sharedFields.forEach(function (field) {
+               if (field.matchAllGeometry(geometries)) {
+                 _fieldsArr.push(uiField(context, field, _entityIDs));
+               }
+             });
+             var singularEntity = _entityIDs.length === 1 && graph.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
 
-               searchRowEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-button wiki-link')
-                   .attr('title', _t('icons.view_on', { domain: 'wikidata.org' }))
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link'))
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       if (_wikiURL) window.open(_wikiURL, '_blank');
-                   });
+             if (singularEntity && singularEntity.isHighwayIntersection(graph) && presetsManager.field('restrictions')) {
+               _fieldsArr.push(uiField(context, presetsManager.field('restrictions'), _entityIDs));
+             }
 
-               searchRow = searchRow.merge(searchRowEnter);
-
-               _searchInput = searchRow.select('input');
-
-               var wikidataProperties = ['description', 'identifier'];
-
-               var items = list.selectAll('li.labeled-input')
-                   .data(wikidataProperties);
-
-               // Enter
-               var enter = items.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'labeled-input preset-wikidata-' + d; });
-
-               enter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'label')
-                   .text(function(d) { return _t('wikidata.' + d); });
-
-               enter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'text')
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .classed('disabled', 'true')
-                   .attr('readonly', 'true');
-
-               enter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-button')
-                   .attr('title', _t('icons.copy'))
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-copy'))
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       select(this.parentNode)
-                           .select('input')
-                           .node()
-                           .select();
-                       document.execCommand('copy');
-                   });
+             var additionalFields = utilArrayUnion(sharedMoreFields, presetsManager.universal());
+             additionalFields.sort(function (field1, field2) {
+               return field1.label().localeCompare(field2.label(), _mainLocalizer.localeCode());
+             });
+             additionalFields.forEach(function (field) {
+               if (sharedFields.indexOf(field) === -1 && field.matchAllGeometry(geometries)) {
+                 _fieldsArr.push(uiField(context, field, _entityIDs, {
+                   show: false
+                 }));
+               }
+             });
 
+             _fieldsArr.forEach(function (field) {
+               field.on('change', function (t, onInput) {
+                 dispatch.call('change', field, _entityIDs, t, onInput);
+               }).on('revert', function (keys) {
+                 dispatch.call('revert', field, keys);
+               });
+             });
            }
 
-           function fetchWikidataItems(q, callback) {
-
-               if (!q && _hintKey) {
-                   // other tags may be good search terms
-                   for (var i in _entityIDs) {
-                       var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
-                       if (entity.tags[_hintKey]) {
-                           q = entity.tags[_hintKey];
-                           break;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+           _fieldsArr.forEach(function (field) {
+             field.state(_state).tags(_tags);
+           });
 
-               wikidata.itemsForSearchQuery(q, function(err, data) {
-                   if (err) return;
+           selection.call(formFields.fieldsArr(_fieldsArr).state(_state).klass('grouped-items-area'));
+           selection.selectAll('.wrap-form-field input').on('keydown', function (d3_event) {
+             // if user presses enter, and combobox is not active, accept edits..
+             if (d3_event.keyCode === 13 && // ↩ Return
+             context.container().select('.combobox').empty()) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-                   for (var i in data) {
-                       data[i].value = data[i].label + ' (' +  data[i].id + ')';
-                       data[i].title = data[i].description;
-                   }
+         section.presets = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _presets;
 
-                   if (callback) callback(data);
-               });
+           if (!_presets || !val || !utilArrayIdentical(_presets, val)) {
+             _presets = val;
+             _fieldsArr = null;
            }
 
+           return section;
+         };
 
-           function change() {
-               var syncTags = {};
-               syncTags[field.key] = _qid;
-               dispatch$1.call('change', this, syncTags);
+         section.state = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
+           _state = val;
+           return section;
+         };
 
-               // attempt asynchronous update of wikidata tag..
-               var initGraph = context.graph();
-               var initEntityIDs = _entityIDs;
+         section.tags = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
+           _tags = val; // Don't reset _fieldsArr here.
 
-               wikidata.entityByQID(_qid, function(err, entity) {
-                   if (err) return;
+           return section;
+         };
 
-                   // If graph has changed, we can't apply this update.
-                   if (context.graph() !== initGraph) return;
+         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
 
-                   if (!entity.sitelinks) return;
+           if (!val || !_entityIDs || !utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) {
+             _entityIDs = val;
+             _fieldsArr = null;
+           }
 
-                   var langs = wikidata.languagesToQuery();
-                   // use the label and description languages as fallbacks
-                   ['labels', 'descriptions'].forEach(function(key) {
-                       if (!entity[key]) return;
+           return section;
+         };
 
-                       var valueLangs = Object.keys(entity[key]);
-                       if (valueLangs.length === 0) return;
-                       var valueLang = valueLangs[0];
+         return utilRebind(section, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-                       if (langs.indexOf(valueLang) === -1) {
-                           langs.push(valueLang);
-                       }
-                   });
+       function uiSectionRawMemberEditor(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('raw-member-editor', context).shouldDisplay(function () {
+           if (!_entityIDs || _entityIDs.length !== 1) return false;
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
+           return entity && entity.type === 'relation';
+         }).label(function () {
+           var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
+           if (!entity) return '';
+           var gt = entity.members.length > _maxMembers ? '>' : '';
+           var count = gt + entity.members.slice(0, _maxMembers).length;
+           return _t.html('inspector.title_count', {
+             title: {
+               html: _t.html('inspector.members')
+             },
+             count: count
+           });
+         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+         var taginfo = services.taginfo;
 
-                   var newWikipediaValue;
-
-                   if (_wikipediaKey) {
-                       var foundPreferred;
-                       for (var i in langs) {
-                           var lang = langs[i];
-                           var siteID = lang.replace('-', '_') + 'wiki';
-                           if (entity.sitelinks[siteID]) {
-                               foundPreferred = true;
-                               newWikipediaValue = lang + ':' + entity.sitelinks[siteID].title;
-                               // use the first match
-                               break;
-                           }
-                       }
+         var _entityIDs;
 
-                       if (!foundPreferred) {
-                           // No wikipedia sites available in the user's language or the fallback languages,
-                           // default to any wikipedia sitelink
+         var _maxMembers = 1000;
 
-                           var wikiSiteKeys = Object.keys(entity.sitelinks).filter(function(site) {
-                               return site.endsWith('wiki');
-                           });
+         function downloadMember(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault(); // display the loading indicator
 
-                           if (wikiSiteKeys.length === 0) {
-                               // if no wikipedia pages are linked to this wikidata entity, delete that tag
-                               newWikipediaValue = null;
-                           } else {
-                               var wikiLang = wikiSiteKeys[0].slice(0, -4).replace('_', '-');
-                               var wikiTitle = entity.sitelinks[wikiSiteKeys[0]].title;
-                               newWikipediaValue = wikiLang + ':' + wikiTitle;
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
+           select(this.parentNode).classed('tag-reference-loading', true);
+           context.loadEntity(d.id, function () {
+             section.reRender();
+           });
+         }
 
-                   if (newWikipediaValue) {
-                       newWikipediaValue = context.cleanTagValue(newWikipediaValue);
-                   }
+         function zoomToMember(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           var entity = context.entity(d.id);
+           context.map().zoomToEase(entity); // highlight the feature in case it wasn't previously on-screen
 
-                   if (typeof newWikipediaValue === 'undefined') return;
+           utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
+         }
 
-                   var actions = initEntityIDs.map(function(entityID) {
-                       var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
-                       if (!entity) return;
+         function selectMember(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault(); // remove the hover-highlight styling
 
-                       var currTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);  // shallow copy
-                       if (newWikipediaValue === null) {
-                           if (!currTags[_wikipediaKey]) return;
+           utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
+           var entity = context.entity(d.id);
+           var mapExtent = context.map().extent();
 
-                           delete currTags[_wikipediaKey];
-                       } else {
-                           currTags[_wikipediaKey] = newWikipediaValue;
-                       }
+           if (!entity.intersects(mapExtent, context.graph())) {
+             // zoom to the entity if its extent is not visible now
+             context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
+           }
 
-                       return actionChangeTags(entityID, currTags);
-                   }).filter(Boolean);
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [d.id]));
+         }
 
-                   if (!actions.length) return;
+         function changeRole(d3_event, d) {
+           var oldRole = d.role;
+           var newRole = context.cleanRelationRole(select(this).property('value'));
 
-                   // Coalesce the update of wikidata tag into the previous tag change
-                   context.overwrite(
-                       function actionUpdateWikipediaTags(graph) {
-                           actions.forEach(function(action) {
-                               graph = action(graph);
-                           });
-                           return graph;
-                       },
-                       context.history().undoAnnotation()
-                   );
+           if (oldRole !== newRole) {
+             var member = {
+               id: d.id,
+               type: d.type,
+               role: newRole
+             };
+             context.perform(actionChangeMember(d.relation.id, member, d.index), _t('operations.change_role.annotation', {
+               n: 1
+             }));
+             context.validator().validate();
+           }
+         }
+
+         function deleteMember(d3_event, d) {
+           // remove the hover-highlight styling
+           utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
+           context.perform(actionDeleteMember(d.relation.id, d.index), _t('operations.delete_member.annotation', {
+             n: 1
+           }));
 
-                   // do not dispatch.call('change') here, because entity_editor
-                   // changeTags() is not intended to be called asynchronously
+           if (!context.hasEntity(d.relation.id)) {
+             // Removing the last member will also delete the relation.
+             // If this happens we need to exit the selection mode
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           } else {
+             // Changing the mode also runs `validate`, but otherwise we need to
+             // rerun it manually
+             context.validator().validate();
+           }
+         }
+
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var entityID = _entityIDs[0];
+           var memberships = [];
+           var entity = context.entity(entityID);
+           entity.members.slice(0, _maxMembers).forEach(function (member, index) {
+             memberships.push({
+               index: index,
+               id: member.id,
+               type: member.type,
+               role: member.role,
+               relation: entity,
+               member: context.hasEntity(member.id),
+               domId: utilUniqueDomId(entityID + '-member-' + index)
+             });
+           });
+           var list = selection.selectAll('.member-list').data([0]);
+           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'member-list').merge(list);
+           var items = list.selectAll('li').data(memberships, function (d) {
+             return osmEntity.key(d.relation) + ',' + d.index + ',' + (d.member ? osmEntity.key(d.member) : 'incomplete');
+           });
+           items.exit().each(unbind).remove();
+           var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'member-row form-field').classed('member-incomplete', function (d) {
+             return !d.member;
+           });
+           itemsEnter.each(function (d) {
+             var item = select(this);
+             var label = item.append('label').attr('class', 'field-label').attr('for', d.domId);
+
+             if (d.member) {
+               // highlight the member feature in the map while hovering on the list item
+               item.on('mouseover', function () {
+                 utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
+               }).on('mouseout', function () {
+                 utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
                });
-           }
+               var labelLink = label.append('span').attr('class', 'label-text').append('a').attr('href', '#').on('click', selectMember);
+               labelLink.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-type').text(function (d) {
+                 var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(d.member, context.graph());
+                 return matched && matched.name() || utilDisplayType(d.member.id);
+               });
+               labelLink.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-name').text(function (d) {
+                 return utilDisplayName(d.member);
+               });
+               label.append('button').attr('title', _t('icons.remove')).attr('class', 'remove member-delete').call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));
+               label.append('button').attr('class', 'member-zoom').attr('title', _t('icons.zoom_to')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'monochrome')).on('click', zoomToMember);
+             } else {
+               var labelText = label.append('span').attr('class', 'label-text');
+               labelText.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-type').call(_t.append('inspector.' + d.type, {
+                 id: d.id
+               }));
+               labelText.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-name').call(_t.append('inspector.incomplete', {
+                 id: d.id
+               }));
+               label.append('button').attr('class', 'member-download').attr('title', _t('icons.download')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-load')).on('click', downloadMember);
+             }
+           });
+           var wrapEnter = itemsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-member');
+           wrapEnter.append('input').attr('class', 'member-role').attr('id', function (d) {
+             return d.domId;
+           }).property('type', 'text').attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.role')).call(utilNoAuto);
+
+           if (taginfo) {
+             wrapEnter.each(bindTypeahead);
+           } // update
+
+
+           items = items.merge(itemsEnter).order();
+           items.select('input.member-role').property('value', function (d) {
+             return d.role;
+           }).on('blur', changeRole).on('change', changeRole);
+           items.select('button.member-delete').on('click', deleteMember);
+           var dragOrigin, targetIndex;
+           items.call(d3_drag().on('start', function (d3_event) {
+             dragOrigin = {
+               x: d3_event.x,
+               y: d3_event.y
+             };
+             targetIndex = null;
+           }).on('drag', function (d3_event) {
+             var x = d3_event.x - dragOrigin.x,
+                 y = d3_event.y - dragOrigin.y;
+             if (!select(this).classed('dragging') && // don't display drag until dragging beyond a distance threshold
+             Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x, 2) + Math.pow(y, 2)) <= 5) return;
+             var index = items.nodes().indexOf(this);
+             select(this).classed('dragging', true);
+             targetIndex = null;
+             selection.selectAll('li.member-row').style('transform', function (d2, index2) {
+               var node = select(this).node();
+
+               if (index === index2) {
+                 return 'translate(' + x + 'px, ' + y + 'px)';
+               } else if (index2 > index && d3_event.y > node.offsetTop) {
+                 if (targetIndex === null || index2 > targetIndex) {
+                   targetIndex = index2;
+                 }
 
-           function setLabelForEntity() {
-               var label = '';
-               if (_wikidataEntity) {
-                   label = entityPropertyForDisplay(_wikidataEntity, 'labels');
-                   if (label.length === 0) {
-                       label = _wikidataEntity.id.toString();
-                   }
-               }
-               utilGetSetValue(_searchInput, label);
-           }
+                 return 'translateY(-100%)';
+               } else if (index2 < index && d3_event.y < node.offsetTop + node.offsetHeight) {
+                 if (targetIndex === null || index2 < targetIndex) {
+                   targetIndex = index2;
+                 }
 
+                 return 'translateY(100%)';
+               }
 
-           wiki.tags = function(tags) {
+               return null;
+             });
+           }).on('end', function (d3_event, d) {
+             if (!select(this).classed('dragging')) return;
+             var index = items.nodes().indexOf(this);
+             select(this).classed('dragging', false);
+             selection.selectAll('li.member-row').style('transform', null);
+
+             if (targetIndex !== null) {
+               // dragged to a new position, reorder
+               context.perform(actionMoveMember(d.relation.id, index, targetIndex), _t('operations.reorder_members.annotation'));
+               context.validator().validate();
+             }
+           }));
 
-               var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
-               _searchInput
-                   .attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null)
-                   .attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : '')
-                   .classed('mixed', isMixed);
+           function bindTypeahead(d) {
+             var row = select(this);
+             var role = row.selectAll('input.member-role');
+             var origValue = role.property('value');
 
-               _qid = typeof tags[field.key] === 'string' && tags[field.key] || '';
+             function sort(value, data) {
+               var sameletter = [];
+               var other = [];
 
-               if (!/^Q[0-9]*$/.test(_qid)) {   // not a proper QID
-                   unrecognized();
-                   return;
+               for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
+                 if (data[i].value.substring(0, value.length) === value) {
+                   sameletter.push(data[i]);
+                 } else {
+                   other.push(data[i]);
+                 }
                }
 
-               // QID value in correct format
-               _wikiURL = 'https://wikidata.org/wiki/' + _qid;
-               wikidata.entityByQID(_qid, function(err, entity) {
-                   if (err) {
-                       unrecognized();
-                       return;
-                   }
-                   _wikidataEntity = entity;
+               return sameletter.concat(other);
+             }
 
-                   setLabelForEntity();
+             role.call(uiCombobox(context, 'member-role').fetcher(function (role, callback) {
+               // The `geometry` param is used in the `taginfo.js` interface for
+               // filtering results, as a key into the `tag_members_fractions`
+               // object.  If we don't know the geometry because the member is
+               // not yet downloaded, it's ok to guess based on type.
+               var geometry;
 
-                   var description = entityPropertyForDisplay(entity, 'descriptions');
+               if (d.member) {
+                 geometry = context.graph().geometry(d.member.id);
+               } else if (d.type === 'relation') {
+                 geometry = 'relation';
+               } else if (d.type === 'way') {
+                 geometry = 'line';
+               } else {
+                 geometry = 'point';
+               }
 
-                   _selection.select('button.wiki-link')
-                       .classed('disabled', false);
+               var rtype = entity.tags.type;
+               taginfo.roles({
+                 debounce: true,
+                 rtype: rtype || '',
+                 geometry: geometry,
+                 query: role
+               }, function (err, data) {
+                 if (!err) callback(sort(role, data));
+               });
+             }).on('cancel', function () {
+               role.property('value', origValue);
+             }));
+           }
 
-                   _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-description')
-                       .style('display', function(){
-                           return description.length > 0 ? 'flex' : 'none';
-                       })
-                       .select('input')
-                       .attr('value', description);
+           function unbind() {
+             var row = select(this);
+             row.selectAll('input.member-role').call(uiCombobox.off, context);
+           }
+         }
 
-                   _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-identifier')
-                       .style('display', function(){
-                           return entity.id ? 'flex' : 'none';
-                       })
-                       .select('input')
-                       .attr('value', entity.id);
-               });
+         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return section;
+         };
 
+         return section;
+       }
 
-               // not a proper QID
-               function unrecognized() {
-                   _wikidataEntity = null;
-                   setLabelForEntity();
+       function actionDeleteMembers(relationId, memberIndexes) {
+         return function (graph) {
+           // Remove the members in descending order so removals won't shift what members
+           // are at the remaining indexes
+           memberIndexes.sort(function (a, b) {
+             return b - a;
+           });
 
-                   _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-description')
-                       .style('display', 'none');
-                   _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-identifier')
-                       .style('display', 'none');
+           for (var i in memberIndexes) {
+             graph = actionDeleteMember(relationId, memberIndexes[i])(graph);
+           }
 
-                   _selection.select('button.wiki-link')
-                       .classed('disabled', true);
+           return graph;
+         };
+       }
 
-                   if (_qid && _qid !== '') {
-                       _wikiURL = 'https://wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Search?search=' + _qid;
-                   } else {
-                       _wikiURL = '';
-                   }
-               }
-           };
+       function uiSectionRawMembershipEditor(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('raw-membership-editor', context).shouldDisplay(function () {
+           return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length;
+         }).label(function () {
+           var parents = getSharedParentRelations();
+           var gt = parents.length > _maxMemberships ? '>' : '';
+           var count = gt + parents.slice(0, _maxMemberships).length;
+           return _t.html('inspector.title_count', {
+             title: {
+               html: _t.html('inspector.relations')
+             },
+             count: count
+           });
+         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+         var taginfo = services.taginfo;
+         var nearbyCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'parent-relation').minItems(1).fetcher(fetchNearbyRelations).itemsMouseEnter(function (d3_event, d) {
+           if (d.relation) utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], true, context);
+         }).itemsMouseLeave(function (d3_event, d) {
+           if (d.relation) utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
+         });
+         var _inChange = false;
+         var _entityIDs = [];
 
-           function entityPropertyForDisplay(wikidataEntity, propKey) {
-               if (!wikidataEntity[propKey]) return '';
-               var propObj = wikidataEntity[propKey];
-               var langKeys = Object.keys(propObj);
-               if (langKeys.length === 0) return '';
-               // sorted by priority, since we want to show the user's language first if possible
-               var langs = wikidata.languagesToQuery();
-               for (var i in langs) {
-                   var lang = langs[i];
-                   var valueObj = propObj[lang];
-                   if (valueObj && valueObj.value && valueObj.value.length > 0) return valueObj.value;
-               }
-               // default to any available value
-               return propObj[langKeys[0]].value;
-           }
+         var _showBlank;
 
+         var _maxMemberships = 1000;
 
-           wiki.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-               _entityIDs = val;
-               return wiki;
-           };
+         function getSharedParentRelations() {
+           var parents = [];
 
+           for (var i = 0; i < _entityIDs.length; i++) {
+             var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
+             if (!entity) continue;
 
-           wiki.focus = function() {
-               _searchInput.node().focus();
-           };
+             if (i === 0) {
+               parents = context.graph().parentRelations(entity);
+             } else {
+               parents = utilArrayIntersection(parents, context.graph().parentRelations(entity));
+             }
 
+             if (!parents.length) break;
+           }
 
-           return utilRebind(wiki, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           return parents;
+         }
 
-       function uiFieldWikipedia(field, context) {
-         const dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-         const wikipedia = services.wikipedia;
-         const wikidata = services.wikidata;
-         let _langInput = select(null);
-         let _titleInput = select(null);
-         let _wikiURL = '';
-         let _entityIDs;
-         let _tags;
-
-         let _dataWikipedia = [];
-         _mainFileFetcher.get('wmf_sitematrix')
-           .then(d => {
-             _dataWikipedia = d;
-             if (_tags) updateForTags(_tags);
-           })
-           .catch(() => { /* ignore */ });
+         function getMemberships() {
+           var memberships = [];
+           var relations = getSharedParentRelations().slice(0, _maxMemberships);
+           var isMultiselect = _entityIDs.length > 1;
+           var i, relation, membership, index, member, indexedMember;
 
+           for (i = 0; i < relations.length; i++) {
+             relation = relations[i];
+             membership = {
+               relation: relation,
+               members: [],
+               hash: osmEntity.key(relation)
+             };
 
-         const langCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'wikipedia-lang')
-           .fetcher((value, callback) => {
-             const v = value.toLowerCase();
-             callback(_dataWikipedia
-               .filter(d => {
-                 return d[0].toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 ||
-                   d[1].toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 ||
-                   d[2].toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0;
-               })
-               .map(d => ({ value: d[1] }))
-             );
-           });
+             for (index = 0; index < relation.members.length; index++) {
+               member = relation.members[index];
 
-         const titleCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'wikipedia-title')
-           .fetcher((value, callback) => {
-             if (!value) {
-               value = '';
-               for (let i in _entityIDs) {
-                 let entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
-                 if (entity.tags.name) {
-                   value = entity.tags.name;
-                   break;
+               if (_entityIDs.indexOf(member.id) !== -1) {
+                 indexedMember = Object.assign({}, member, {
+                   index: index
+                 });
+                 membership.members.push(indexedMember);
+                 membership.hash += ',' + index.toString();
+
+                 if (!isMultiselect) {
+                   // For single selections, list one entry per membership per relation.
+                   // For multiselections, list one entry per relation.
+                   memberships.push(membership);
+                   membership = {
+                     relation: relation,
+                     members: [],
+                     hash: osmEntity.key(relation)
+                   };
                  }
                }
              }
-             const searchfn = value.length > 7 ? wikipedia.search : wikipedia.suggestions;
-             searchfn(language()[2], value, (query, data) => {
-               callback( data.map(d => ({ value: d })) );
+
+             if (membership.members.length) memberships.push(membership);
+           }
+
+           memberships.forEach(function (membership) {
+             membership.domId = utilUniqueDomId('membership-' + membership.relation.id);
+             var roles = [];
+             membership.members.forEach(function (member) {
+               if (roles.indexOf(member.role) === -1) roles.push(member.role);
              });
+             membership.role = roles.length === 1 ? roles[0] : roles;
            });
+           return memberships;
+         }
 
+         function selectRelation(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault(); // remove the hover-highlight styling
 
-         function wiki(selection) {
-           let wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
-             .data([0]);
+           utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [d.relation.id]));
+         }
 
-           wrap = wrap.enter()
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', `form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-${field.type}`)
-             .merge(wrap);
+         function zoomToRelation(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           var entity = context.entity(d.relation.id);
+           context.map().zoomToEase(entity); // highlight the relation in case it wasn't previously on-screen
+
+           utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], true, context);
+         }
 
+         function changeRole(d3_event, d) {
+           if (d === 0) return; // called on newrow (shouldn't happen)
 
-           let langContainer = wrap.selectAll('.wiki-lang-container')
-             .data([0]);
+           if (_inChange) return; // avoid accidental recursive call #5731
 
-           langContainer = langContainer.enter()
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'wiki-lang-container')
-             .merge(langContainer);
+           var newRole = context.cleanRelationRole(select(this).property('value'));
+           if (!newRole.trim() && typeof d.role !== 'string') return;
+           var membersToUpdate = d.members.filter(function (member) {
+             return member.role !== newRole;
+           });
 
+           if (membersToUpdate.length) {
+             _inChange = true;
+             context.perform(function actionChangeMemberRoles(graph) {
+               membersToUpdate.forEach(function (member) {
+                 var newMember = Object.assign({}, member, {
+                   role: newRole
+                 });
+                 delete newMember.index;
+                 graph = actionChangeMember(d.relation.id, newMember, member.index)(graph);
+               });
+               return graph;
+             }, _t('operations.change_role.annotation', {
+               n: membersToUpdate.length
+             }));
+             context.validator().validate();
+           }
 
-           _langInput = langContainer.selectAll('input.wiki-lang')
-             .data([0]);
+           _inChange = false;
+         }
 
-           _langInput = _langInput.enter()
-             .append('input')
-             .attr('type', 'text')
-             .attr('class', 'wiki-lang')
-             .attr('placeholder', _t('translate.localized_translation_language'))
-             .call(utilNoAuto)
-             .call(langCombo)
-             .merge(_langInput);
+         function addMembership(d, role) {
+           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button
 
-           utilGetSetValue(_langInput, language()[1]);
+           _showBlank = false;
 
-           _langInput
-             .on('blur', changeLang)
-             .on('change', changeLang);
+           function actionAddMembers(relationId, ids, role) {
+             return function (graph) {
+               for (var i in ids) {
+                 var member = {
+                   id: ids[i],
+                   type: graph.entity(ids[i]).type,
+                   role: role
+                 };
+                 graph = actionAddMember(relationId, member)(graph);
+               }
 
+               return graph;
+             };
+           }
 
-           let titleContainer = wrap.selectAll('.wiki-title-container')
-             .data([0]);
+           if (d.relation) {
+             context.perform(actionAddMembers(d.relation.id, _entityIDs, role), _t('operations.add_member.annotation', {
+               n: _entityIDs.length
+             }));
+             context.validator().validate();
+           } else {
+             var relation = osmRelation();
+             context.perform(actionAddEntity(relation), actionAddMembers(relation.id, _entityIDs, role), _t('operations.add.annotation.relation')); // changing the mode also runs `validate`
 
-           titleContainer = titleContainer.enter()
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'wiki-title-container')
-             .merge(titleContainer);
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [relation.id]).newFeature(true));
+           }
+         }
 
-           _titleInput = titleContainer.selectAll('input.wiki-title')
-             .data([0]);
+         function deleteMembership(d3_event, d) {
+           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button
 
-           _titleInput = _titleInput.enter()
-             .append('input')
-             .attr('type', 'text')
-             .attr('class', 'wiki-title')
-             .attr('id', field.domId)
-             .call(utilNoAuto)
-             .call(titleCombo)
-             .merge(_titleInput);
+           if (d === 0) return; // called on newrow (shouldn't happen)
+           // remove the hover-highlight styling
 
-           _titleInput
-             .on('blur', blur)
-             .on('change', change);
+           utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
+           var indexes = d.members.map(function (member) {
+             return member.index;
+           });
+           context.perform(actionDeleteMembers(d.relation.id, indexes), _t('operations.delete_member.annotation', {
+             n: _entityIDs.length
+           }));
+           context.validator().validate();
+         }
 
+         function fetchNearbyRelations(q, callback) {
+           var newRelation = {
+             relation: null,
+             value: _t('inspector.new_relation'),
+             display: _t.html('inspector.new_relation')
+           };
+           var entityID = _entityIDs[0];
+           var result = [];
+           var graph = context.graph();
 
-           let link = titleContainer.selectAll('.wiki-link')
-             .data([0]);
+           function baseDisplayLabel(entity) {
+             var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+             var presetName = matched && matched.name() || _t('inspector.relation');
+             var entityName = utilDisplayName(entity) || '';
+             return presetName + ' ' + entityName;
+           }
 
-           link = link.enter()
-             .append('button')
-             .attr('class', 'form-field-button wiki-link')
-             .attr('tabindex', -1)
-             .attr('title', _t('icons.view_on', { domain: 'wikipedia.org' }))
-             .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link'))
-             .merge(link);
+           var explicitRelation = q && context.hasEntity(q.toLowerCase());
 
-           link
-             .on('click', () => {
-               event.preventDefault();
-               if (_wikiURL) window.open(_wikiURL, '_blank');
+           if (explicitRelation && explicitRelation.type === 'relation' && explicitRelation.id !== entityID) {
+             // loaded relation is specified explicitly, only show that
+             result.push({
+               relation: explicitRelation,
+               value: baseDisplayLabel(explicitRelation) + ' ' + explicitRelation.id
              });
-         }
+           } else {
+             context.history().intersects(context.map().extent()).forEach(function (entity) {
+               if (entity.type !== 'relation' || entity.id === entityID) return;
+               var value = baseDisplayLabel(entity);
+               if (q && (value + ' ' + entity.id).toLowerCase().indexOf(q.toLowerCase()) === -1) return;
+               result.push({
+                 relation: entity,
+                 value: value
+               });
+             });
+             result.sort(function (a, b) {
+               return osmRelation.creationOrder(a.relation, b.relation);
+             }); // Dedupe identical names by appending relation id - see #2891
 
+             var dupeGroups = Object.values(utilArrayGroupBy(result, 'value')).filter(function (v) {
+               return v.length > 1;
+             });
+             dupeGroups.forEach(function (group) {
+               group.forEach(function (obj) {
+                 obj.value += ' ' + obj.relation.id;
+               });
+             });
+           }
 
-         function language() {
-           const value = utilGetSetValue(_langInput).toLowerCase();
-           const locale = _mainLocalizer.localeCode().toLowerCase();
-           let localeLanguage;
-           return _dataWikipedia.find(d => {
-             if (d[2] === locale) localeLanguage = d;
-             return d[0].toLowerCase() === value || d[1].toLowerCase() === value || d[2] === value;
-           }) || localeLanguage || ['English', 'English', 'en'];
+           result.forEach(function (obj) {
+             obj.title = obj.value;
+           });
+           result.unshift(newRelation);
+           callback(result);
          }
 
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var memberships = getMemberships();
+           var list = selection.selectAll('.member-list').data([0]);
+           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'member-list').merge(list);
+           var items = list.selectAll('li.member-row-normal').data(memberships, function (d) {
+             return d.hash;
+           });
+           items.exit().each(unbind).remove(); // Enter
 
-         function changeLang() {
-           utilGetSetValue(_langInput, language()[1]);
-           change(true);
-         }
+           var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'member-row member-row-normal form-field'); // highlight the relation in the map while hovering on the list item
 
+           itemsEnter.on('mouseover', function (d3_event, d) {
+             utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], true, context);
+           }).on('mouseout', function (d3_event, d) {
+             utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
+           });
+           var labelEnter = itemsEnter.append('label').attr('class', 'field-label').attr('for', function (d) {
+             return d.domId;
+           });
+           var labelLink = labelEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label-text').append('a').attr('href', '#').on('click', selectRelation);
+           labelLink.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-type').text(function (d) {
+             var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(d.relation, context.graph());
+             return matched && matched.name() || _t.html('inspector.relation');
+           });
+           labelLink.append('span').attr('class', 'member-entity-name').text(function (d) {
+             return utilDisplayName(d.relation);
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'remove member-delete').attr('title', _t('icons.remove')).call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete')).on('click', deleteMembership);
+           labelEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'member-zoom').attr('title', _t('icons.zoom_to')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'monochrome')).on('click', zoomToRelation);
+           var wrapEnter = itemsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-member');
+           wrapEnter.append('input').attr('class', 'member-role').attr('id', function (d) {
+             return d.domId;
+           }).property('type', 'text').property('value', function (d) {
+             return typeof d.role === 'string' ? d.role : '';
+           }).attr('title', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(d.role) ? d.role.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : d.role;
+           }).attr('placeholder', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(d.role) ? _t('inspector.multiple_roles') : _t('inspector.role');
+           }).classed('mixed', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(d.role);
+           }).call(utilNoAuto).on('blur', changeRole).on('change', changeRole);
+
+           if (taginfo) {
+             wrapEnter.each(bindTypeahead);
+           }
+
+           var newMembership = list.selectAll('.member-row-new').data(_showBlank ? [0] : []); // Exit
+
+           newMembership.exit().remove(); // Enter
+
+           var newMembershipEnter = newMembership.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'member-row member-row-new form-field');
+           var newLabelEnter = newMembershipEnter.append('label').attr('class', 'field-label');
+           newLabelEnter.append('input').attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.choose_relation')).attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'member-entity-input').call(utilNoAuto);
+           newLabelEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'remove member-delete').attr('title', _t('icons.remove')).call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete')).on('click', function () {
+             list.selectAll('.member-row-new').remove();
+           });
+           var newWrapEnter = newMembershipEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-member');
+           newWrapEnter.append('input').attr('class', 'member-role').property('type', 'text').attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.role')).call(utilNoAuto); // Update
 
-         function blur() {
-           change(true);
-         }
+           newMembership = newMembership.merge(newMembershipEnter);
+           newMembership.selectAll('.member-entity-input').on('blur', cancelEntity) // if it wasn't accepted normally, cancel it
+           .call(nearbyCombo.on('accept', acceptEntity).on('cancel', cancelEntity)); // Container for the Add button
 
+           var addRow = selection.selectAll('.add-row').data([0]); // enter
 
-         function change(skipWikidata) {
-           let value = utilGetSetValue(_titleInput);
-           const m = value.match(/https?:\/\/([-a-z]+)\.wikipedia\.org\/(?:wiki|\1-[-a-z]+)\/([^#]+)(?:#(.+))?/);
-           const l = m && _dataWikipedia.find(d => m[1] === d[2]);
-           let syncTags = {};
+           var addRowEnter = addRow.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'add-row');
+           var addRelationButton = addRowEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'add-relation').attr('aria-label', _t('inspector.add_to_relation'));
+           addRelationButton.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus', 'light'));
+           addRelationButton.call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('inspector.add_to_relation')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr' ? 'right' : 'left'));
+           addRowEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'space-value'); // preserve space
 
-           if (l) {
-             // Normalize title http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API:Query#Title_normalization
-             value = decodeURIComponent(m[2]).replace(/_/g, ' ');
-             if (m[3]) {
-               let anchor;
-               // try {
-               // leave this out for now - #6232
-                 // Best-effort `anchordecode:` implementation
-                 // anchor = decodeURIComponent(m[3].replace(/\.([0-9A-F]{2})/g, '%$1'));
-               // } catch (e) {
-               anchor = decodeURIComponent(m[3]);
-               // }
-               value += '#' + anchor.replace(/_/g, ' ');
-             }
-             value = value.slice(0, 1).toUpperCase() + value.slice(1);
-             utilGetSetValue(_langInput, l[1]);
-             utilGetSetValue(_titleInput, value);
-           }
+           addRowEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'space-buttons'); // preserve space
+           // update
 
-           if (value) {
-             syncTags.wikipedia = context.cleanTagValue(language()[2] + ':' + value);
-           } else {
-             syncTags.wikipedia = undefined;
-           }
+           addRow = addRow.merge(addRowEnter);
+           addRow.select('.add-relation').on('click', function () {
+             _showBlank = true;
+             section.reRender();
+             list.selectAll('.member-entity-input').node().focus();
+           });
 
-           dispatch$1.call('change', this, syncTags);
+           function acceptEntity(d) {
+             if (!d) {
+               cancelEntity();
+               return;
+             } // remove hover-higlighting
 
 
-           if (skipWikidata || !value || !language()[2]) return;
+             if (d.relation) utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
+             var role = context.cleanRelationRole(list.selectAll('.member-row-new .member-role').property('value'));
+             addMembership(d, role);
+           }
 
-           // attempt asynchronous update of wikidata tag..
-           const initGraph = context.graph();
-           const initEntityIDs = _entityIDs;
+           function cancelEntity() {
+             var input = newMembership.selectAll('.member-entity-input');
+             input.property('value', ''); // remove hover-higlighting
 
-           wikidata.itemsByTitle(language()[2], value, (err, data) => {
-             if (err || !data || !Object.keys(data).length) return;
+             context.surface().selectAll('.highlighted').classed('highlighted', false);
+           }
 
-             // If graph has changed, we can't apply this update.
-             if (context.graph() !== initGraph) return;
+           function bindTypeahead(d) {
+             var row = select(this);
+             var role = row.selectAll('input.member-role');
+             var origValue = role.property('value');
 
-             const qids = Object.keys(data);
-             const value = qids && qids.find(id => id.match(/^Q\d+$/));
+             function sort(value, data) {
+               var sameletter = [];
+               var other = [];
 
-             let actions = initEntityIDs.map((entityID) => {
-               let entity = context.entity(entityID).tags;
-               let currTags = Object.assign({}, entity);  // shallow copy
-               if (currTags.wikidata !== value) {
-                   currTags.wikidata = value;
-                   return actionChangeTags(entityID, currTags);
+               for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
+                 if (data[i].value.substring(0, value.length) === value) {
+                   sameletter.push(data[i]);
+                 } else {
+                   other.push(data[i]);
+                 }
                }
-             }).filter(Boolean);
 
-             if (!actions.length) return;
+               return sameletter.concat(other);
+             }
 
-             // Coalesce the update of wikidata tag into the previous tag change
-             context.overwrite(
-               function actionUpdateWikidataTags(graph) {
-                 actions.forEach(function(action) {
-                   graph = action(graph);
-                 });
-                 return graph;
-               },
-               context.history().undoAnnotation()
-             );
+             role.call(uiCombobox(context, 'member-role').fetcher(function (role, callback) {
+               var rtype = d.relation.tags.type;
+               taginfo.roles({
+                 debounce: true,
+                 rtype: rtype || '',
+                 geometry: context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[0]),
+                 query: role
+               }, function (err, data) {
+                 if (!err) callback(sort(role, data));
+               });
+             }).on('cancel', function () {
+               role.property('value', origValue);
+             }));
+           }
 
-             // do not dispatch.call('change') here, because entity_editor
-             // changeTags() is not intended to be called asynchronously
-           });
+           function unbind() {
+             var row = select(this);
+             row.selectAll('input.member-role').call(uiCombobox.off, context);
+           }
          }
 
+         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           _showBlank = false;
+           return section;
+         };
+
+         return section;
+       }
 
-         wiki.tags = (tags) => {
-           _tags = tags;
-           updateForTags(tags);
+       function uiSectionSelectionList(context) {
+         var _selectedIDs = [];
+         var section = uiSection('selected-features', context).shouldDisplay(function () {
+           return _selectedIDs.length > 1;
+         }).label(function () {
+           return _t.html('inspector.title_count', {
+             title: {
+               html: _t.html('inspector.features')
+             },
+             count: _selectedIDs.length
+           });
+         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+         context.history().on('change.selectionList', function (difference) {
+           if (difference) {
+             section.reRender();
+           }
+         });
+
+         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _selectedIDs;
+           _selectedIDs = val;
+           return section;
          };
 
-         function updateForTags(tags) {
+         function selectEntity(d3_event, entity) {
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entity.id]));
+         }
 
-           const value = typeof tags[field.key] === 'string' ? tags[field.key] : '';
-           const m = value.match(/([^:]+):([^#]+)(?:#(.+))?/);
-           const l = m && _dataWikipedia.find(d => m[1] === d[2]);
-           let anchor = m && m[3];
+         function deselectEntity(d3_event, entity) {
+           var selectedIDs = _selectedIDs.slice();
 
-           // value in correct format
-           if (l) {
-             utilGetSetValue(_langInput, l[1]);
-             utilGetSetValue(_titleInput, m[2] + (anchor ? ('#' + anchor) : ''));
-             if (anchor) {
-               try {
-                 // Best-effort `anchorencode:` implementation
-                 anchor = encodeURIComponent(anchor.replace(/ /g, '_')).replace(/%/g, '.');
-               } catch (e) {
-                 anchor = anchor.replace(/ /g, '_');
-               }
-             }
-             _wikiURL = 'https://' + m[1] + '.wikipedia.org/wiki/' +
-               m[2].replace(/ /g, '_') + (anchor ? ('#' + anchor) : '');
+           var index = selectedIDs.indexOf(entity.id);
 
-           // unrecognized value format
-           } else {
-             utilGetSetValue(_titleInput, value);
-             if (value && value !== '') {
-               utilGetSetValue(_langInput, '');
-               _wikiURL = `https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search?search=${value}`;
-             } else {
-               _wikiURL = '';
-             }
+           if (index > -1) {
+             selectedIDs.splice(index, 1);
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, selectedIDs));
            }
          }
 
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var list = selection.selectAll('.feature-list').data([0]);
+           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'feature-list').merge(list);
 
-         wiki.entityIDs = (val) => {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-           _entityIDs = val;
-           return wiki;
-         };
-
+           var entities = _selectedIDs.map(function (id) {
+             return context.hasEntity(id);
+           }).filter(Boolean);
 
-         wiki.focus = () => {
-           _titleInput.node().focus();
-         };
+           var items = list.selectAll('.feature-list-item').data(entities, osmEntity.key);
+           items.exit().remove(); // Enter
 
+           var enter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'feature-list-item').each(function (d) {
+             select(this).on('mouseover', function () {
+               utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
+             }).on('mouseout', function () {
+               utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
+             });
+           });
+           var label = enter.append('button').attr('class', 'label').on('click', selectEntity);
+           label.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-geom-icon').call(svgIcon('', 'pre-text'));
+           label.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-type');
+           label.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-name');
+           enter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').attr('title', _t('icons.deselect')).on('click', deselectEntity).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close')); // Update
+
+           items = items.merge(enter);
+           items.selectAll('.entity-geom-icon use').attr('href', function () {
+             var entity = this.parentNode.parentNode.__data__;
+             return '#iD-icon-' + entity.geometry(context.graph());
+           });
+           items.selectAll('.entity-type').text(function (entity) {
+             return _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph()).name();
+           });
+           items.selectAll('.entity-name').text(function (d) {
+             // fetch latest entity
+             var entity = context.entity(d.id);
+             return utilDisplayName(entity);
+           });
+         }
 
-         return utilRebind(wiki, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return section;
        }
 
-       uiFieldWikipedia.supportsMultiselection = false;
+       function uiEntityEditor(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('choose');
+         var _state = 'select';
+         var _coalesceChanges = false;
+         var _modified = false;
 
-       var uiFields = {
-           access: uiFieldAccess,
-           address: uiFieldAddress,
-           check: uiFieldCheck,
-           combo: uiFieldCombo,
-           cycleway: uiFieldCycleway,
-           defaultCheck: uiFieldCheck,
-           email: uiFieldText,
-           identifier: uiFieldText,
-           lanes: uiFieldLanes,
-           localized: uiFieldLocalized,
-           maxspeed: uiFieldMaxspeed,
-           multiCombo: uiFieldCombo,
-           networkCombo: uiFieldCombo,
-           number: uiFieldText,
-           onewayCheck: uiFieldCheck,
-           radio: uiFieldRadio,
-           restrictions: uiFieldRestrictions,
-           semiCombo: uiFieldCombo,
-           structureRadio: uiFieldRadio,
-           tel: uiFieldText,
-           text: uiFieldText,
-           textarea: uiFieldTextarea,
-           typeCombo: uiFieldCombo,
-           url: uiFieldText,
-           wikidata: uiFieldWikidata,
-           wikipedia: uiFieldWikipedia
-       };
+         var _base;
 
-       function uiField(context, presetField, entityIDs, options) {
-           options = Object.assign({
-               show: true,
-               wrap: true,
-               remove: true,
-               revert: true,
-               info: true
-           }, options);
+         var _entityIDs;
 
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change', 'revert');
-           var field = Object.assign({}, presetField);   // shallow copy
-           field.domId = utilUniqueDomId('form-field-' + field.safeid);
-           var _show = options.show;
-           var _state = '';
-           var _tags = {};
+         var _activePresets = [];
 
-           var _locked = false;
-           var _lockedTip = uiTooltip()
-               .title(_t('inspector.lock.suggestion', { label: field.label }))
-               .placement('bottom');
+         var _newFeature;
 
+         var _sections;
 
-           field.keys = field.keys || [field.key];
+         function entityEditor(selection) {
+           var combinedTags = utilCombinedTags(_entityIDs, context.graph()); // Header
 
-           // only create the fields that are actually being shown
-           if (_show && !field.impl) {
-               createField();
-           }
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]); // Enter
 
-           // Creates the field.. This is done lazily,
-           // once we know that the field will be shown.
-           function createField() {
-               field.impl = uiFields[field.type](field, context)
-                   .on('change', function(t, onInput) {
-                       dispatch$1.call('change', field, t, onInput);
-                   });
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           var direction = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'forward' : 'backward';
+           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'preset-reset preset-choose').attr('title', _t("icons.".concat(direction))).call(svgIcon("#iD-icon-".concat(direction)));
+           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').attr('title', _t('icons.close')).on('click', function () {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }).call(svgIcon(_modified ? '#iD-icon-apply' : '#iD-icon-close'));
+           headerEnter.append('h2'); // Update
 
-               if (entityIDs) {
-                   field.entityIDs = entityIDs;
-                   // if this field cares about the entities, pass them along
-                   if (field.impl.entityIDs) {
-                       field.impl.entityIDs(entityIDs);
-                   }
-               }
-           }
+           header = header.merge(headerEnter);
+           header.selectAll('h2').html(_entityIDs.length === 1 ? _t.html('inspector.edit') : _t.html('inspector.edit_features'));
+           header.selectAll('.preset-reset').on('click', function () {
+             dispatch.call('choose', this, _activePresets);
+           }); // Body
 
+           var body = selection.selectAll('.inspector-body').data([0]); // Enter
 
-           function isModified() {
-               if (!entityIDs || !entityIDs.length) return false;
-               return entityIDs.some(function(entityID) {
-                   var original = context.graph().base().entities[entityID];
-                   var latest = context.graph().entity(entityID);
-                   return field.keys.some(function(key) {
-                       return original ? latest.tags[key] !== original.tags[key] : latest.tags[key];
-                   });
-               });
-           }
+           var bodyEnter = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'entity-editor inspector-body sep-top'); // Update
 
+           body = body.merge(bodyEnter);
 
-           function tagsContainFieldKey() {
-               return field.keys.some(function(key) {
-                   if (field.type === 'multiCombo') {
-                       for (var tagKey in _tags) {
-                           if (tagKey.indexOf(key) === 0) {
-                               return true;
-                           }
-                       }
-                       return false;
-                   }
-                   return _tags[key] !== undefined;
-               });
+           if (!_sections) {
+             _sections = [uiSectionSelectionList(context), uiSectionFeatureType(context).on('choose', function (presets) {
+               dispatch.call('choose', this, presets);
+             }), uiSectionEntityIssues(context), uiSectionPresetFields(context).on('change', changeTags).on('revert', revertTags), uiSectionRawTagEditor('raw-tag-editor', context).on('change', changeTags), uiSectionRawMemberEditor(context), uiSectionRawMembershipEditor(context)];
            }
 
+           _sections.forEach(function (section) {
+             if (section.entityIDs) {
+               section.entityIDs(_entityIDs);
+             }
+
+             if (section.presets) {
+               section.presets(_activePresets);
+             }
 
-           function revert(d) {
-               event.stopPropagation();
-               event.preventDefault();
-               if (!entityIDs || _locked) return;
+             if (section.tags) {
+               section.tags(combinedTags);
+             }
 
-               dispatch$1.call('revert', d, d.keys);
-           }
+             if (section.state) {
+               section.state(_state);
+             }
 
+             body.call(section.render);
+           });
 
-           function remove(d) {
-               event.stopPropagation();
-               event.preventDefault();
-               if (_locked) return;
+           context.history().on('change.entity-editor', historyChanged);
 
-               var t = {};
-               d.keys.forEach(function(key) {
-                   t[key] = undefined;
-               });
+           function historyChanged(difference) {
+             if (selection.selectAll('.entity-editor').empty()) return;
+             if (_state === 'hide') return;
+             var significant = !difference || difference.didChange.properties || difference.didChange.addition || difference.didChange.deletion;
+             if (!significant) return;
+             _entityIDs = _entityIDs.filter(context.hasEntity);
+             if (!_entityIDs.length) return;
+             var priorActivePreset = _activePresets.length === 1 && _activePresets[0];
+             loadActivePresets();
+             var graph = context.graph();
+             entityEditor.modified(_base !== graph);
+             entityEditor(selection);
 
-               dispatch$1.call('change', d, t);
+             if (priorActivePreset && _activePresets.length === 1 && priorActivePreset !== _activePresets[0]) {
+               // flash the button to indicate the preset changed
+               context.container().selectAll('.entity-editor button.preset-reset .label').style('background-color', '#fff').transition().duration(750).style('background-color', null);
+             }
            }
+         } // Tag changes that fire on input can all get coalesced into a single
+         // history operation when the user leaves the field.  #2342
+         // Use explicit entityIDs in case the selection changes before the event is fired.
 
 
-           field.render = function(selection) {
-               var container = selection.selectAll('.form-field')
-                   .data([field]);
+         function changeTags(entityIDs, changed, onInput) {
+           var actions = [];
 
-               // Enter
-               var enter = container.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'form-field form-field-' + d.safeid; })
-                   .classed('nowrap', !options.wrap);
-
-               if (options.wrap) {
-                   var labelEnter = enter
-                       .append('label')
-                       .attr('class', 'field-label')
-                       .attr('for', function(d) { return d.domId; });
-
-                   var textEnter = labelEnter
-                       .append('span')
-                       .attr('class', 'label-text');
-
-                   textEnter
-                       .append('span')
-                       .attr('class', 'label-textvalue')
-                       .text(function(d) { return d.label(); });
-
-                   textEnter
-                       .append('span')
-                       .attr('class', 'label-textannotation');
-
-                   if (options.remove) {
-                       labelEnter
-                           .append('button')
-                           .attr('class', 'remove-icon')
-                           .attr('title', _t('icons.remove'))
-                           .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                           .call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));
-                   }
+           for (var i in entityIDs) {
+             var entityID = entityIDs[i];
+             var entity = context.entity(entityID);
+             var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-                   if (options.revert) {
-                       labelEnter
-                           .append('button')
-                           .attr('class', 'modified-icon')
-                           .attr('title', _t('icons.undo'))
-                           .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                           .call(svgIcon((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '#iD-icon-redo' : '#iD-icon-undo'));
-                   }
+             for (var k in changed) {
+               if (!k) continue;
+               var v = changed[k];
+
+               if (_typeof(v) === 'object') {
+                 // a "key only" tag change
+                 tags[k] = tags[v.oldKey];
+               } else if (v !== undefined || tags.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
+                 tags[k] = v;
                }
+             }
 
+             if (!onInput) {
+               tags = utilCleanTags(tags);
+             }
 
-               // Update
-               container = container
-                   .merge(enter);
+             if (!fastDeepEqual(entity.tags, tags)) {
+               actions.push(actionChangeTags(entityID, tags));
+             }
+           }
 
-               container.select('.field-label > .remove-icon')  // propagate bound data
-                   .on('click', remove);
+           if (actions.length) {
+             var combinedAction = function combinedAction(graph) {
+               actions.forEach(function (action) {
+                 graph = action(graph);
+               });
+               return graph;
+             };
 
-               container.select('.field-label > .modified-icon')  // propagate bound data
-                   .on('click', revert);
+             var annotation = _t('operations.change_tags.annotation');
 
-               container
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       var selection = select(this);
+             if (_coalesceChanges) {
+               context.overwrite(combinedAction, annotation);
+             } else {
+               context.perform(combinedAction, annotation);
+               _coalesceChanges = !!onInput;
+             }
+           } // if leaving field (blur event), rerun validation
 
-                       if (!d.impl) {
-                           createField();
-                       }
 
-                       var reference, help;
+           if (!onInput) {
+             context.validator().validate();
+           }
+         }
 
-                       // instantiate field help
-                       if (options.wrap && field.type === 'restrictions') {
-                           help = uiFieldHelp(context, 'restrictions');
-                       }
+         function revertTags(keys) {
+           var actions = [];
 
-                       // instantiate tag reference
-                       if (options.wrap && options.info) {
-                           var referenceKey = d.key;
-                           if (d.type === 'multiCombo') {   // lookup key without the trailing ':'
-                               referenceKey = referenceKey.replace(/:$/, '');
-                           }
+           for (var i in _entityIDs) {
+             var entityID = _entityIDs[i];
+             var original = context.graph().base().entities[entityID];
+             var changed = {};
 
-                           reference = uiTagReference(d.reference || { key: referenceKey });
-                           if (_state === 'hover') {
-                               reference.showing(false);
-                           }
-                       }
+             for (var j in keys) {
+               var key = keys[j];
+               changed[key] = original ? original.tags[key] : undefined;
+             }
 
-                       selection
-                           .call(d.impl);
+             var entity = context.entity(entityID);
+             var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags); // shallow copy
 
-                       // add field help components
-                       if (help) {
-                           selection
-                               .call(help.body)
-                               .select('.field-label')
-                               .call(help.button);
-                       }
+             for (var k in changed) {
+               if (!k) continue;
+               var v = changed[k];
 
-                       // add tag reference components
-                       if (reference) {
-                           selection
-                               .call(reference.body)
-                               .select('.field-label')
-                               .call(reference.button);
-                       }
+               if (v !== undefined || tags.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
+                 tags[k] = v;
+               }
+             }
 
-                       d.impl.tags(_tags);
-                   });
+             tags = utilCleanTags(tags);
+
+             if (!fastDeepEqual(entity.tags, tags)) {
+               actions.push(actionChangeTags(entityID, tags));
+             }
+           }
 
+           if (actions.length) {
+             var combinedAction = function combinedAction(graph) {
+               actions.forEach(function (action) {
+                 graph = action(graph);
+               });
+               return graph;
+             };
 
-                   container
-                       .classed('locked', _locked)
-                       .classed('modified', isModified())
-                       .classed('present', tagsContainFieldKey());
+             var annotation = _t('operations.change_tags.annotation');
 
+             if (_coalesceChanges) {
+               context.overwrite(combinedAction, annotation);
+             } else {
+               context.perform(combinedAction, annotation);
+               _coalesceChanges = false;
+             }
+           }
 
-                   // show a tip and lock icon if the field is locked
-                   var annotation = container.selectAll('.field-label .label-textannotation');
-                   var icon = annotation.selectAll('.icon')
-                       .data(_locked ? [0]: []);
+           context.validator().validate();
+         }
 
-                   icon.exit()
-                       .remove();
+         entityEditor.modified = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _modified;
+           _modified = val;
+           return entityEditor;
+         };
 
-                   icon.enter()
-                       .append('svg')
-                       .attr('class', 'icon')
-                       .append('use')
-                       .attr('xlink:href', '#fas-lock');
+         entityEditor.state = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
+           _state = val;
+           return entityEditor;
+         };
 
-                   container.call(_locked ? _lockedTip : _lockedTip.destroy);
-           };
+         entityEditor.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs; // always reload these even if the entityIDs are unchanged, since we
+           // could be reselecting after something like dragging a node
 
+           _base = context.graph();
+           _coalesceChanges = false;
+           if (val && _entityIDs && utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) return entityEditor; // exit early if no change
 
-           field.state = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _state;
-               _state = val;
-               return field;
-           };
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           loadActivePresets(true);
+           return entityEditor.modified(false);
+         };
 
+         entityEditor.newFeature = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _newFeature;
+           _newFeature = val;
+           return entityEditor;
+         };
 
-           field.tags = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
-               _tags = val;
+         function loadActivePresets(isForNewSelection) {
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var counts = {};
 
-               if (tagsContainFieldKey() && !_show) {
-                   // always show a field if it has a value to display
-                   _show = true;
-                   if (!field.impl) {
-                       createField();
-                   }
-               }
+           for (var i in _entityIDs) {
+             var entity = graph.hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
+             if (!entity) return;
+             var match = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+             if (!counts[match.id]) counts[match.id] = 0;
+             counts[match.id] += 1;
+           }
 
-               return field;
-           };
+           var matches = Object.keys(counts).sort(function (p1, p2) {
+             return counts[p2] - counts[p1];
+           }).map(function (pID) {
+             return _mainPresetIndex.item(pID);
+           });
 
+           if (!isForNewSelection) {
+             // A "weak" preset doesn't set any tags. (e.g. "Address")
+             var weakPreset = _activePresets.length === 1 && !_activePresets[0].isFallback() && Object.keys(_activePresets[0].addTags || {}).length === 0; // Don't replace a weak preset with a fallback preset (e.g. "Point")
 
-           field.locked = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _locked;
-               _locked = val;
-               return field;
-           };
+             if (weakPreset && matches.length === 1 && matches[0].isFallback()) return;
+           }
 
+           entityEditor.presets(matches);
+         }
 
-           field.show = function() {
-               _show = true;
-               if (!field.impl) {
-                   createField();
-               }
-               if (field.default && field.key && _tags[field.key] !== field.default) {
-                   var t = {};
-                   t[field.key] = field.default;
-                   dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
-               }
-           };
+         entityEditor.presets = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _activePresets; // don't reload the same preset
 
-           // A shown field has a visible UI, a non-shown field is in the 'Add field' dropdown
-           field.isShown = function() {
-               return _show;
-           };
+           if (!utilArrayIdentical(val, _activePresets)) {
+             _activePresets = val;
+           }
 
+           return entityEditor;
+         };
 
-           // An allowed field can appear in the UI or in the 'Add field' dropdown.
-           // A non-allowed field is hidden from the user altogether
-           field.isAllowed = function() {
+         return utilRebind(entityEditor, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-               if (entityIDs &&
-                   entityIDs.length > 1 &&
-                   uiFields[field.type].supportsMultiselection === false) return false;
+       var sexagesimal = {exports: {}};
 
-               if (field.geometry && !entityIDs.every(function(entityID) {
-                   return field.matchGeometry(context.graph().geometry(entityID));
-               })) return false;
+       sexagesimal.exports = element;
+       var pair_1 = sexagesimal.exports.pair = pair;
+       sexagesimal.exports.format = format;
+       sexagesimal.exports.formatPair = formatPair;
+       sexagesimal.exports.coordToDMS = coordToDMS;
 
-               if (field.countryCodes || field.notCountryCodes) {
-                   var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
-                   if (!extent) return true;
+       function element(input, dims) {
+         var result = search(input, dims);
+         return result === null ? null : result.val;
+       }
 
-                   var center = extent.center();
-                   var countryCode = iso1A2Code(center);
+       function formatPair(input) {
+         return format(input.lat, 'lat') + ' ' + format(input.lon, 'lon');
+       } // Is 0 North or South?
 
-                   if (!countryCode) return false;
 
-                   countryCode = countryCode.toLowerCase();
+       function format(input, dim) {
+         var dms = coordToDMS(input, dim);
+         return dms.whole + '° ' + (dms.minutes ? dms.minutes + '\' ' : '') + (dms.seconds ? dms.seconds + '" ' : '') + dms.dir;
+       }
 
-                   if (field.countryCodes && field.countryCodes.indexOf(countryCode) === -1) {
-                       return false;
-                   }
-                   if (field.notCountryCodes && field.notCountryCodes.indexOf(countryCode) !== -1) {
-                       return false;
-                   }
-               }
+       function coordToDMS(input, dim) {
+         var dirs = {
+           lat: ['N', 'S'],
+           lon: ['E', 'W']
+         }[dim] || '';
+         var dir = dirs[input >= 0 ? 0 : 1];
+         var abs = Math.abs(input);
+         var whole = Math.floor(abs);
+         var fraction = abs - whole;
+         var fractionMinutes = fraction * 60;
+         var minutes = Math.floor(fractionMinutes);
+         var seconds = Math.floor((fractionMinutes - minutes) * 60);
+         return {
+           whole: whole,
+           minutes: minutes,
+           seconds: seconds,
+           dir: dir
+         };
+       }
 
-               var prerequisiteTag = field.prerequisiteTag;
+       function search(input, dims) {
+         if (!dims) dims = 'NSEW';
+         if (typeof input !== 'string') return null;
+         input = input.toUpperCase();
+         var regex = /^[\s\,]*([NSEW])?\s*([\-|\—|\―]?[0-9.]+)[°º˚]?\s*(?:([0-9.]+)['’′‘]\s*)?(?:([0-9.]+)(?:''|"|”|″)\s*)?([NSEW])?/;
+         var m = input.match(regex);
+         if (!m) return null; // no match
 
-               if (entityIDs &&
-                   !tagsContainFieldKey() && // ignore tagging prerequisites if a value is already present
-                   prerequisiteTag) {
+         var matched = m[0]; // extract dimension.. m[1] = leading, m[5] = trailing
 
-                   if (!entityIDs.every(function(entityID) {
-                       var entity = context.graph().entity(entityID);
-                       if (prerequisiteTag.key) {
-                           var value = entity.tags[prerequisiteTag.key];
-                           if (!value) return false;
+         var dim;
 
-                           if (prerequisiteTag.valueNot) {
-                               return prerequisiteTag.valueNot !== value;
-                           }
-                           if (prerequisiteTag.value) {
-                               return prerequisiteTag.value === value;
-                           }
-                       } else if (prerequisiteTag.keyNot) {
-                           if (entity.tags[prerequisiteTag.keyNot]) return false;
-                       }
-                       return true;
-                   })) return false;
-               }
+         if (m[1] && m[5]) {
+           // if matched both..
+           dim = m[1]; // keep leading
 
-               return true;
-           };
+           matched = matched.slice(0, -1); // remove trailing dimension from match
+         } else {
+           dim = m[1] || m[5];
+         } // if unrecognized dimension
 
 
-           field.focus = function() {
-               if (field.impl) {
-                   field.impl.focus();
-               }
-           };
+         if (dim && dims.indexOf(dim) === -1) return null; // extract DMS
 
+         var deg = m[2] ? parseFloat(m[2]) : 0;
+         var min = m[3] ? parseFloat(m[3]) / 60 : 0;
+         var sec = m[4] ? parseFloat(m[4]) / 3600 : 0;
+         var sign = deg < 0 ? -1 : 1;
+         if (dim === 'S' || dim === 'W') sign *= -1;
+         return {
+           val: (Math.abs(deg) + min + sec) * sign,
+           dim: dim,
+           matched: matched,
+           remain: input.slice(matched.length)
+         };
+       }
 
-           function combinedEntityExtent() {
-               return entityIDs && entityIDs.length && entityIDs.reduce(function(extent, entityID) {
-                   var entity = context.graph().entity(entityID);
-                   return extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
-               }, geoExtent());
-           }
+       function pair(input, dims) {
+         input = input.trim();
+         var one = search(input, dims);
+         if (!one) return null;
+         input = one.remain.trim();
+         var two = search(input, dims);
+         if (!two || two.remain) return null;
 
+         if (one.dim) {
+           return swapdim(one.val, two.val, one.dim);
+         } else {
+           return [one.val, two.val];
+         }
+       }
 
-           return utilRebind(field, dispatch$1, 'on');
+       function swapdim(a, b, dim) {
+         if (dim === 'N' || dim === 'S') return [a, b];
+         if (dim === 'W' || dim === 'E') return [b, a];
        }
 
-       function uiFormFields(context) {
-           var moreCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'more-fields').minItems(1);
-           var _fieldsArr = [];
-           var _lastPlaceholder = '';
-           var _state = '';
-           var _klass = '';
+       function uiFeatureList(context) {
+         var _geocodeResults;
 
+         function featureList(selection) {
+           var header = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           header.append('h2').call(_t.append('inspector.feature_list'));
+           var searchWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'search-header');
+           searchWrap.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-search', 'pre-text'));
+           var search = searchWrap.append('input').attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.search')).attr('type', 'search').call(utilNoAuto).on('keypress', keypress).on('keydown', keydown).on('input', inputevent);
+           var listWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'inspector-body');
+           var list = listWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'feature-list');
+           context.on('exit.feature-list', clearSearch);
+           context.map().on('drawn.feature-list', mapDrawn);
+           context.keybinding().on(uiCmd('⌘F'), focusSearch);
 
-           function formFields(selection) {
-               var allowedFields = _fieldsArr.filter(function(field) { return field.isAllowed(); });
-               var shown = allowedFields.filter(function(field) { return field.isShown(); });
-               var notShown = allowedFields.filter(function(field) { return !field.isShown(); });
+           function focusSearch(d3_event) {
+             var mode = context.mode() && context.mode().id;
+             if (mode !== 'browse') return;
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             search.node().focus();
+           }
 
-               var container = selection.selectAll('.form-fields-container')
-                   .data([0]);
+           function keydown(d3_event) {
+             if (d3_event.keyCode === 27) {
+               // escape
+               search.node().blur();
+             }
+           }
 
-               container = container.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-fields-container ' + (_klass || ''))
-                   .merge(container);
+           function keypress(d3_event) {
+             var q = search.property('value'),
+                 items = list.selectAll('.feature-list-item');
 
+             if (d3_event.keyCode === 13 && // ↩ Return
+             q.length && items.size()) {
+               click(d3_event, items.datum());
+             }
+           }
 
-               var fields = container.selectAll('.wrap-form-field')
-                   .data(shown, function(d) { return d.id + (d.entityIDs ? d.entityIDs.join() : ''); });
+           function inputevent() {
+             _geocodeResults = undefined;
+             drawList();
+           }
 
-               fields.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           function clearSearch() {
+             search.property('value', '');
+             drawList();
+           }
 
-               // Enter
-               var enter = fields.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'wrap-form-field wrap-form-field-' + d.safeid; });
+           function mapDrawn(e) {
+             if (e.full) {
+               drawList();
+             }
+           }
 
-               // Update
-               fields = fields
-                   .merge(enter);
+           function features() {
+             var result = [];
+             var graph = context.graph();
+             var visibleCenter = context.map().extent().center();
+             var q = search.property('value').toLowerCase();
+             if (!q) return result;
+             var locationMatch = pair_1(q.toUpperCase()) || q.match(/^(-?\d+\.?\d*)\s+(-?\d+\.?\d*)$/);
+
+             if (locationMatch) {
+               var loc = [parseFloat(locationMatch[0]), parseFloat(locationMatch[1])];
+               result.push({
+                 id: -1,
+                 geometry: 'point',
+                 type: _t('inspector.location'),
+                 name: dmsCoordinatePair([loc[1], loc[0]]),
+                 location: loc
+               });
+             } // A location search takes priority over an ID search
 
-               fields
-                   .order()
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       select(this)
-                           .call(d.render);
-                   });
 
+             var idMatch = !locationMatch && q.match(/(?:^|\W)(node|way|relation|[nwr])\W?0*([1-9]\d*)(?:\W|$)/i);
 
-               var titles = [];
-               var moreFields = notShown.map(function(field) {
-                   var label = field.label();
-                   titles.push(label);
+             if (idMatch) {
+               var elemType = idMatch[1].charAt(0);
+               var elemId = idMatch[2];
+               result.push({
+                 id: elemType + elemId,
+                 geometry: elemType === 'n' ? 'point' : elemType === 'w' ? 'line' : 'relation',
+                 type: elemType === 'n' ? _t('inspector.node') : elemType === 'w' ? _t('inspector.way') : _t('inspector.relation'),
+                 name: elemId
+               });
+             }
 
-                   var terms = field.terms();
-                   if (field.key) terms.push(field.key);
-                   if (field.keys) terms = terms.concat(field.keys);
+             var allEntities = graph.entities;
+             var localResults = [];
 
-                   return {
-                       title: label,
-                       value: label,
-                       field: field,
-                       terms: terms
-                   };
+             for (var id in allEntities) {
+               var entity = allEntities[id];
+               if (!entity) continue;
+               var name = utilDisplayName(entity) || '';
+               if (name.toLowerCase().indexOf(q) < 0) continue;
+               var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+               var type = matched && matched.name() || utilDisplayType(entity.id);
+               var extent = entity.extent(graph);
+               var distance = extent ? geoSphericalDistance(visibleCenter, extent.center()) : 0;
+               localResults.push({
+                 id: entity.id,
+                 entity: entity,
+                 geometry: entity.geometry(graph),
+                 type: type,
+                 name: name,
+                 distance: distance
                });
+               if (localResults.length > 100) break;
+             }
+
+             localResults = localResults.sort(function byDistance(a, b) {
+               return a.distance - b.distance;
+             });
+             result = result.concat(localResults);
+
+             (_geocodeResults || []).forEach(function (d) {
+               if (d.osm_type && d.osm_id) {
+                 // some results may be missing these - #1890
+                 // Make a temporary osmEntity so we can preset match
+                 // and better localize the search result - #4725
+                 var id = osmEntity.id.fromOSM(d.osm_type, d.osm_id);
+                 var tags = {};
+                 tags[d["class"]] = d.type;
+                 var attrs = {
+                   id: id,
+                   type: d.osm_type,
+                   tags: tags
+                 };
+
+                 if (d.osm_type === 'way') {
+                   // for ways, add some fake closed nodes
+                   attrs.nodes = ['a', 'a']; // so that geometry area is possible
+                 }
 
-               var placeholder = titles.slice(0,3).join(', ') + ((titles.length > 3) ? '…' : '');
+                 var tempEntity = osmEntity(attrs);
+                 var tempGraph = coreGraph([tempEntity]);
+                 var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(tempEntity, tempGraph);
+                 var type = matched && matched.name() || utilDisplayType(id);
+                 result.push({
+                   id: tempEntity.id,
+                   geometry: tempEntity.geometry(tempGraph),
+                   type: type,
+                   name: d.display_name,
+                   extent: new geoExtent([parseFloat(d.boundingbox[3]), parseFloat(d.boundingbox[0])], [parseFloat(d.boundingbox[2]), parseFloat(d.boundingbox[1])])
+                 });
+               }
+             });
 
+             if (q.match(/^[0-9]+$/)) {
+               // if query is just a number, possibly an OSM ID without a prefix
+               result.push({
+                 id: 'n' + q,
+                 geometry: 'point',
+                 type: _t('inspector.node'),
+                 name: q
+               });
+               result.push({
+                 id: 'w' + q,
+                 geometry: 'line',
+                 type: _t('inspector.way'),
+                 name: q
+               });
+               result.push({
+                 id: 'r' + q,
+                 geometry: 'relation',
+                 type: _t('inspector.relation'),
+                 name: q
+               });
+             }
 
-               var more = selection.selectAll('.more-fields')
-                   .data((_state === 'hover' || moreFields.length === 0) ? [] : [0]);
+             return result;
+           }
 
-               more.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           function drawList() {
+             var value = search.property('value');
+             var results = features();
+             list.classed('filtered', value.length);
+             var resultsIndicator = list.selectAll('.no-results-item').data([0]).enter().append('button').property('disabled', true).attr('class', 'no-results-item').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'pre-text'));
+             resultsIndicator.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-name');
+             list.selectAll('.no-results-item .entity-name').html('').call(_t.append('geocoder.no_results_worldwide'));
 
-               var moreEnter = more.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'more-fields')
-                   .append('label');
-
-               moreEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(_t('inspector.add_fields'));
-
-               more = moreEnter
-                   .merge(more);
-
-
-               var input = more.selectAll('.value')
-                   .data([0]);
-
-               input.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               input = input.enter()
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('class', 'value')
-                   .attr('type', 'text')
-                   .attr('placeholder', placeholder)
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .merge(input);
-
-               input
-                   .call(utilGetSetValue, '')
-                   .call(moreCombo
-                       .data(moreFields)
-                       .on('accept', function (d) {
-                           if (!d) return;  // user entered something that was not matched
-                           var field = d.field;
-                           field.show();
-                           selection.call(formFields);  // rerender
-                           if (field.type !== 'semiCombo' && field.type !== 'multiCombo') {
-                               field.focus();
-                           }
-                       })
-                   );
+             if (services.geocoder) {
+               list.selectAll('.geocode-item').data([0]).enter().append('button').attr('class', 'geocode-item secondary-action').on('click', geocoderSearch).append('div').attr('class', 'label').append('span').attr('class', 'entity-name').call(_t.append('geocoder.search'));
+             }
 
-               // avoid updating placeholder excessively (triggers style recalc)
-               if (_lastPlaceholder !== placeholder) {
-                   input.attr('placeholder', placeholder);
-                   _lastPlaceholder = placeholder;
-               }
+             list.selectAll('.no-results-item').style('display', value.length && !results.length ? 'block' : 'none');
+             list.selectAll('.geocode-item').style('display', value && _geocodeResults === undefined ? 'block' : 'none');
+             list.selectAll('.feature-list-item').data([-1]).remove();
+             var items = list.selectAll('.feature-list-item').data(results, function (d) {
+               return d.id;
+             });
+             var enter = items.enter().insert('button', '.geocode-item').attr('class', 'feature-list-item').on('mouseover', mouseover).on('mouseout', mouseout).on('click', click);
+             var label = enter.append('div').attr('class', 'label');
+             label.each(function (d) {
+               select(this).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + d.geometry, 'pre-text'));
+             });
+             label.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-type').text(function (d) {
+               return d.type;
+             });
+             label.append('span').attr('class', 'entity-name').text(function (d) {
+               return d.name;
+             });
+             enter.style('opacity', 0).transition().style('opacity', 1);
+             items.order();
+             items.exit().remove();
            }
 
+           function mouseover(d3_event, d) {
+             if (d.id === -1) return;
+             utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
+           }
 
-           formFields.fieldsArr = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _fieldsArr;
-               _fieldsArr = val || [];
-               return formFields;
-           };
+           function mouseout(d3_event, d) {
+             if (d.id === -1) return;
+             utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
+           }
 
-           formFields.state = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _state;
-               _state = val;
-               return formFields;
-           };
+           function click(d3_event, d) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-           formFields.klass = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _klass;
-               _klass = val;
-               return formFields;
-           };
+             if (d.location) {
+               context.map().centerZoomEase([d.location[1], d.location[0]], 19);
+             } else if (d.entity) {
+               utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [d.entity.id]));
+               context.map().zoomToEase(d.entity);
+             } else {
+               // download, zoom to, and select the entity with the given ID
+               context.zoomToEntity(d.id);
+             }
+           }
 
+           function geocoderSearch() {
+             services.geocoder.search(search.property('value'), function (err, resp) {
+               _geocodeResults = resp || [];
+               drawList();
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-           return formFields;
+         return featureList;
        }
 
-       function uiSectionPresetFields(context) {
+       function uiImproveOsmComments() {
+         var _qaItem;
 
-           var section = uiSection('preset-fields', context)
-               .title(function() {
-                   return _t('inspector.fields');
-               })
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+         function issueComments(selection) {
+           // make the div immediately so it appears above the buttons
+           var comments = selection.selectAll('.comments-container').data([0]);
+           comments = comments.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'comments-container').merge(comments); // must retrieve comments from API before they can be displayed
 
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change', 'revert');
-           var formFields = uiFormFields(context);
-           var _state;
-           var _fieldsArr;
-           var _presets = [];
-           var _tags;
-           var _entityIDs;
+           services.improveOSM.getComments(_qaItem).then(function (d) {
+             if (!d.comments) return; // nothing to do here
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-               if (!_fieldsArr) {
+             var commentEnter = comments.selectAll('.comment').data(d.comments).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'comment');
+             commentEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-avatar').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-avatar', 'comment-avatar-icon'));
+             var mainEnter = commentEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-main');
+             var metadataEnter = mainEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-metadata');
+             metadataEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-author').each(function (d) {
+               var osm = services.osm;
+               var selection = select(this);
 
-                   var graph = context.graph();
+               if (osm && d.username) {
+                 selection = selection.append('a').attr('class', 'comment-author-link').attr('href', osm.userURL(d.username)).attr('target', '_blank');
+               }
 
-                   var geometries = Object.keys(_entityIDs.reduce(function(geoms, entityID) {
-                       return geoms[graph.entity(entityID).geometry(graph)] = true;
-                   }, {}));
+               selection.text(function (d) {
+                 return d.username;
+               });
+             });
+             metadataEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-date').html(function (d) {
+               return _t.html('note.status.commented', {
+                 when: localeDateString(d.timestamp)
+               });
+             });
+             mainEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-text').append('p').text(function (d) {
+               return d.text;
+             });
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             console.log(err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
+           });
+         }
 
-                   var presetsManager = _mainPresetIndex;
+         function localeDateString(s) {
+           if (!s) return null;
+           var options = {
+             day: 'numeric',
+             month: 'short',
+             year: 'numeric'
+           };
+           var d = new Date(s * 1000); // timestamp is served in seconds, date takes ms
 
-                   var allFields = [];
-                   var allMoreFields = [];
-                   var sharedTotalFields;
+           if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
+           return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
+         }
 
-                   _presets.forEach(function(preset) {
-                       var fields = preset.fields();
-                       var moreFields = preset.moreFields();
+         issueComments.issue = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return issueComments;
+         };
 
-                       allFields = utilArrayUnion(allFields, fields);
-                       allMoreFields = utilArrayUnion(allMoreFields, moreFields);
+         return issueComments;
+       }
 
-                       if (!sharedTotalFields) {
-                           sharedTotalFields = utilArrayUnion(fields, moreFields);
-                       } else {
-                           sharedTotalFields = sharedTotalFields.filter(function(field) {
-                               return fields.indexOf(field) !== -1 || moreFields.indexOf(field) !== -1;
-                           });
-                       }
-                   });
+       function uiImproveOsmDetails(context) {
+         var _qaItem;
 
-                   var sharedFields = allFields.filter(function(field) {
-                       return sharedTotalFields.indexOf(field) !== -1;
-                   });
-                   var sharedMoreFields = allMoreFields.filter(function(field) {
-                       return sharedTotalFields.indexOf(field) !== -1;
-                   });
+         function issueDetail(d) {
+           if (d.desc) return d.desc;
+           var issueKey = d.issueKey;
+           d.replacements = d.replacements || {};
+           d.replacements["default"] = {
+             html: _t.html('inspector.unknown')
+           }; // special key `default` works as a fallback string
 
-                   _fieldsArr = [];
+           return _t.html("QA.improveOSM.error_types.".concat(issueKey, ".description"), d.replacements);
+         }
 
-                   sharedFields.forEach(function(field) {
-                       if (field.matchAllGeometry(geometries)) {
-                           _fieldsArr.push(
-                               uiField(context, field, _entityIDs)
-                           );
-                       }
-                   });
+         function improveOsmDetails(selection) {
+           var details = selection.selectAll('.error-details').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           });
+           details.exit().remove();
+           var detailsEnter = details.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'error-details qa-details-container'); // description
 
-                   var singularEntity = _entityIDs.length === 1 && graph.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
-                   if (singularEntity && singularEntity.isHighwayIntersection(graph) && presetsManager.field('restrictions')) {
-                       _fieldsArr.push(
-                           uiField(context, presetsManager.field('restrictions'), _entityIDs)
-                       );
-                   }
+           var descriptionEnter = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
+           descriptionEnter.append('h4').call(_t.append('QA.keepRight.detail_description'));
+           descriptionEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-description-text').html(issueDetail); // If there are entity links in the error message..
 
-                   var additionalFields = utilArrayUnion(sharedMoreFields, presetsManager.universal());
-                   additionalFields.sort(function(field1, field2) {
-                       return field1.label().localeCompare(field2.label(), _mainLocalizer.localeCode());
-                   });
+           var relatedEntities = [];
+           descriptionEnter.selectAll('.error_entity_link, .error_object_link').attr('href', '#').each(function () {
+             var link = select(this);
+             var isObjectLink = link.classed('error_object_link');
+             var entityID = isObjectLink ? utilEntityRoot(_qaItem.objectType) + _qaItem.objectId : this.textContent;
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
+             relatedEntities.push(entityID); // Add click handler
 
-                   additionalFields.forEach(function(field) {
-                       if (sharedFields.indexOf(field) === -1 &&
-                           field.matchAllGeometry(geometries)) {
-                           _fieldsArr.push(
-                               uiField(context, field, _entityIDs, { show: false })
-                           );
-                       }
-                   });
+             link.on('mouseenter', function () {
+               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], true, context);
+             }).on('mouseleave', function () {
+               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
+             }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
+               var osmlayer = context.layers().layer('osm');
 
-                   _fieldsArr.forEach(function(field) {
-                       field
-                           .on('change', function(t, onInput) {
-                               dispatch$1.call('change', field, _entityIDs, t, onInput);
-                           })
-                           .on('revert', function(keys) {
-                               dispatch$1.call('revert', field, keys);
-                           });
-                   });
+               if (!osmlayer.enabled()) {
+                 osmlayer.enabled(true);
                }
 
-               _fieldsArr.forEach(function(field) {
-                   field
-                       .state(_state)
-                       .tags(_tags);
-               });
-
+               context.map().centerZoom(_qaItem.loc, 20);
 
-               selection
-                   .call(formFields
-                       .fieldsArr(_fieldsArr)
-                       .state(_state)
-                       .klass('grouped-items-area')
-                   );
-
-
-               selection.selectAll('.wrap-form-field input')
-                   .on('keydown', function() {
-                       // if user presses enter, and combobox is not active, accept edits..
-                       if (event.keyCode === 13 && context.container().select('.combobox').empty()) {
-                           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-                       }
+               if (entity) {
+                 context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
+               } else {
+                 context.loadEntity(entityID, function (err, result) {
+                   if (err) return;
+                   var entity = result.data.find(function (e) {
+                     return e.id === entityID;
                    });
-           }
-
-           section.presets = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _presets;
-               if (!_presets || !val || !utilArrayIdentical(_presets, val)) {
-                   _presets = val;
-                   _fieldsArr = null;
+                   if (entity) context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
+                 });
                }
-               return section;
-           };
+             }); // Replace with friendly name if possible
+             // (The entity may not yet be loaded into the graph)
 
-           section.state = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _state;
-               _state = val;
-               return section;
-           };
+             if (entity) {
+               var name = utilDisplayName(entity); // try to use common name
 
-           section.tags = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
-               _tags = val;
-               // Don't reset _fieldsArr here.
-               return section;
-           };
+               if (!name && !isObjectLink) {
+                 var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+                 name = preset && !preset.isFallback() && preset.name(); // fallback to preset name
+               }
 
-           section.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-               if (!val || !_entityIDs || !utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) {
-                   _entityIDs = val;
-                   _fieldsArr = null;
+               if (name) {
+                 this.innerText = name;
                }
-               return section;
-           };
+             }
+           }); // Don't hide entities related to this error - #5880
 
-           return utilRebind(section, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           context.features().forceVisible(relatedEntities);
+           context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
+         }
 
-       function uiSectionRawMemberEditor(context) {
+         improveOsmDetails.issue = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return improveOsmDetails;
+         };
 
-           var section = uiSection('raw-member-editor', context)
-               .shouldDisplay(function() {
-                   if (!_entityIDs || _entityIDs.length !== 1) return false;
+         return improveOsmDetails;
+       }
 
-                   var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
-                   return entity && entity.type === 'relation';
-               })
-               .title(function() {
-                   var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
-                   if (!entity) return '';
+       function uiImproveOsmHeader() {
+         var _qaItem;
 
-                   var gt = entity.members.length > _maxMembers ? '>' : '';
-                   var count = gt + entity.members.slice(0, _maxMembers).length;
-                   return _t('inspector.title_count', { title: _t('inspector.members'), count: count });
-               })
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+         function issueTitle(d) {
+           var issueKey = d.issueKey;
+           d.replacements = d.replacements || {};
+           d.replacements["default"] = {
+             html: _t.html('inspector.unknown')
+           }; // special key `default` works as a fallback string
 
-           var taginfo = services.taginfo;
-           var _entityIDs;
-           var _maxMembers = 1000;
+           return _t.html("QA.improveOSM.error_types.".concat(issueKey, ".title"), d.replacements);
+         }
 
-           function downloadMember(d) {
-               event.preventDefault();
+         function improveOsmHeader(selection) {
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.qa-header').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           });
+           header.exit().remove();
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header');
+           var svgEnter = headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-icon').classed('new', function (d) {
+             return d.id < 0;
+           }).append('svg').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '30px').attr('viewbox', '0 0 20 30').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "preset-icon-28 qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.itemType);
+           });
+           svgEnter.append('polygon').attr('fill', 'currentColor').attr('class', 'qaItem-fill').attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
+           svgEnter.append('use').attr('class', 'icon-annotation').attr('width', '13px').attr('height', '13px').attr('transform', 'translate(3.5, 5)').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             var picon = d.icon;
 
-               // display the loading indicator
-               select(this.parentNode).classed('tag-reference-loading', true);
-               context.loadEntity(d.id, function() {
-                   section.reRender();
-               });
-           }
+             if (!picon) {
+               return '';
+             } else {
+               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
+               return "#".concat(picon).concat(isMaki ? '-11' : '');
+             }
+           });
+           headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-label').html(issueTitle);
+         }
 
-           function zoomToMember(d) {
-               event.preventDefault();
+         improveOsmHeader.issue = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return improveOsmHeader;
+         };
 
-               var entity = context.entity(d.id);
-               context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
+         return improveOsmHeader;
+       }
 
-               // highlight the feature in case it wasn't previously on-screen
-               utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
-           }
+       function uiImproveOsmEditor(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var qaDetails = uiImproveOsmDetails(context);
+         var qaComments = uiImproveOsmComments();
+         var qaHeader = uiImproveOsmHeader();
 
+         var _qaItem;
 
-           function selectMember(d) {
-               event.preventDefault();
+         function improveOsmEditor(selection) {
+           var headerEnter = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').attr('title', _t('icons.close')).on('click', function () {
+             return context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           headerEnter.append('h2').call(_t.append('QA.improveOSM.title'));
+           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
+           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body);
+           var editor = body.selectAll('.qa-editor').data([0]);
+           editor.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section qa-editor').merge(editor).call(qaHeader.issue(_qaItem)).call(qaDetails.issue(_qaItem)).call(qaComments.issue(_qaItem)).call(improveOsmSaveSection);
+         }
 
-               // remove the hover-highlight styling
-               utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
+         function improveOsmSaveSection(selection) {
+           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
 
-               var entity = context.entity(d.id);
-               var mapExtent = context.map().extent();
-               if (!entity.intersects(mapExtent, context.graph())) {
-                   // zoom to the entity if its extent is not visible now
-                   context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
-               }
+           var isShown = _qaItem && (isSelected || _qaItem.newComment || _qaItem.comment);
+           var saveSection = selection.selectAll('.qa-save').data(isShown ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           }); // exit
 
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [d.id]));
-           }
+           saveSection.exit().remove(); // enter
 
+           var saveSectionEnter = saveSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-save save-section cf');
+           saveSectionEnter.append('h4').attr('class', '.qa-save-header').call(_t.append('note.newComment'));
+           saveSectionEnter.append('textarea').attr('class', 'new-comment-input').attr('placeholder', _t('QA.keepRight.comment_placeholder')).attr('maxlength', 1000).property('value', function (d) {
+             return d.newComment;
+           }).call(utilNoAuto).on('input', changeInput).on('blur', changeInput); // update
 
-           function changeRole(d) {
-               var oldRole = d.role;
-               var newRole = context.cleanRelationRole(select(this).property('value'));
+           saveSection = saveSectionEnter.merge(saveSection).call(qaSaveButtons);
 
-               if (oldRole !== newRole) {
-                   var member = { id: d.id, type: d.type, role: newRole };
-                   context.perform(
-                       actionChangeMember(d.relation.id, member, d.index),
-                       _t('operations.change_role.annotation')
-                   );
-               }
-           }
+           function changeInput() {
+             var input = select(this);
+             var val = input.property('value').trim();
 
+             if (val === '') {
+               val = undefined;
+             } // store the unsaved comment with the issue itself
 
-           function deleteMember(d) {
 
-               // remove the hover-highlight styling
-               utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
+             _qaItem = _qaItem.update({
+               newComment: val
+             });
+             var qaService = services.improveOSM;
 
-               context.perform(
-                   actionDeleteMember(d.relation.id, d.index),
-                   _t('operations.delete_member.annotation')
-               );
+             if (qaService) {
+               qaService.replaceItem(_qaItem);
+             }
 
-               if (!context.hasEntity(d.relation.id)) {
-                   context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               }
+             saveSection.call(qaSaveButtons);
            }
+         }
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+         function qaSaveButtons(selection) {
+           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
 
-               var entityID = _entityIDs[0];
+           var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons').data(isSelected ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.status + d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-               var memberships = [];
-               var entity = context.entity(entityID);
-               entity.members.slice(0, _maxMembers).forEach(function(member, index) {
-                   memberships.push({
-                       index: index,
-                       id: member.id,
-                       type: member.type,
-                       role: member.role,
-                       relation: entity,
-                       member: context.hasEntity(member.id),
-                       domId: utilUniqueDomId(entityID + '-member-' + index)
-                   });
-               });
+           buttonSection.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-               var list = selection.selectAll('.member-list')
-                   .data([0]);
+           var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'buttons');
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button comment-button action').call(_t.append('QA.keepRight.save_comment'));
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button close-button action');
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button ignore-button action'); // update
 
-               list = list.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'member-list')
-                   .merge(list);
+           buttonSection = buttonSection.merge(buttonEnter);
+           buttonSection.select('.comment-button').attr('disabled', function (d) {
+             return d.newComment ? null : true;
+           }).on('click.comment', function (d3_event, d) {
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
+             var qaService = services.improveOSM;
 
-               var items = list.selectAll('li')
-                   .data(memberships, function(d) {
-                       return osmEntity.key(d.relation) + ',' + d.index + ',' +
-                           (d.member ? osmEntity.key(d.member) : 'incomplete');
-                   });
+             if (qaService) {
+               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
+                 return dispatch.call('change', item);
+               });
+             }
+           });
+           buttonSection.select('.close-button').html(function (d) {
+             var andComment = d.newComment ? '_comment' : '';
+             return _t.html("QA.keepRight.close".concat(andComment));
+           }).on('click.close', function (d3_event, d) {
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-               items.exit()
-                   .each(unbind)
-                   .remove();
-
-               var itemsEnter = items.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'member-row form-field')
-                   .classed('member-incomplete', function(d) { return !d.member; });
-
-               itemsEnter
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       var item = select(this);
-
-                       var label = item
-                           .append('label')
-                           .attr('class', 'field-label')
-                           .attr('for', d.domId);
-
-                       if (d.member) {
-                           // highlight the member feature in the map while hovering on the list item
-                           item
-                               .on('mouseover', function() {
-                                   utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
-                               })
-                               .on('mouseout', function() {
-                                   utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
-                               });
-
-                           var labelLink = label
-                               .append('span')
-                               .attr('class', 'label-text')
-                               .append('a')
-                               .attr('href', '#')
-                               .on('click', selectMember);
-
-                           labelLink
-                               .append('span')
-                               .attr('class', 'member-entity-type')
-                               .text(function(d) {
-                                   var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(d.member, context.graph());
-                                   return (matched && matched.name()) || utilDisplayType(d.member.id);
-                               });
-
-                           labelLink
-                               .append('span')
-                               .attr('class', 'member-entity-name')
-                               .text(function(d) { return utilDisplayName(d.member); });
-
-                           label
-                               .append('button')
-                               .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                               .attr('title', _t('icons.remove'))
-                               .attr('class', 'remove member-delete')
-                               .call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));
-
-                           label
-                               .append('button')
-                               .attr('class', 'member-zoom')
-                               .attr('title', _t('icons.zoom_to'))
-                               .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'monochrome'))
-                               .on('click', zoomToMember);
+             var qaService = services.improveOSM;
 
-                       } else {
-                           var labelText = label
-                               .append('span')
-                               .attr('class', 'label-text');
-
-                           labelText
-                               .append('span')
-                               .attr('class', 'member-entity-type')
-                               .text(_t('inspector.' + d.type, { id: d.id }));
-
-                           labelText
-                               .append('span')
-                               .attr('class', 'member-entity-name')
-                               .text(_t('inspector.incomplete', { id: d.id }));
-
-                           label
-                               .append('button')
-                               .attr('class', 'member-download')
-                               .attr('title', _t('icons.download'))
-                               .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                               .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-load'))
-                               .on('click', downloadMember);
-                       }
-                   });
+             if (qaService) {
+               d.newStatus = 'SOLVED';
+               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
+                 return dispatch.call('change', item);
+               });
+             }
+           });
+           buttonSection.select('.ignore-button').html(function (d) {
+             var andComment = d.newComment ? '_comment' : '';
+             return _t.html("QA.keepRight.ignore".concat(andComment));
+           }).on('click.ignore', function (d3_event, d) {
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-               var wrapEnter = itemsEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-member');
-
-               wrapEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('class', 'member-role')
-                   .attr('id', function(d) {
-                       return d.domId;
-                   })
-                   .property('type', 'text')
-                   .attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.role'))
-                   .call(utilNoAuto);
-
-               if (taginfo) {
-                   wrapEnter.each(bindTypeahead);
-               }
-
-               // update
-               items = items
-                   .merge(itemsEnter)
-                   .order();
-
-               items.select('input.member-role')
-                   .property('value', function(d) { return d.role; })
-                   .on('blur', changeRole)
-                   .on('change', changeRole);
-
-               items.select('button.member-delete')
-                   .on('click', deleteMember);
-
-               var dragOrigin, targetIndex;
-
-               items.call(d3_drag()
-                   .on('start', function() {
-                       dragOrigin = {
-                           x: event.x,
-                           y: event.y
-                       };
-                       targetIndex = null;
-                   })
-                   .on('drag', function(d, index) {
-                       var x = event.x - dragOrigin.x,
-                           y = event.y - dragOrigin.y;
-
-                       if (!select(this).classed('dragging') &&
-                           // don't display drag until dragging beyond a distance threshold
-                           Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x, 2) + Math.pow(y, 2)) <= 5) return;
-
-                       select(this)
-                           .classed('dragging', true);
-
-                       targetIndex = null;
-
-                       selection.selectAll('li.member-row')
-                           .style('transform', function(d2, index2) {
-                               var node = select(this).node();
-                               if (index === index2) {
-                                   return 'translate(' + x + 'px, ' + y + 'px)';
-                               } else if (index2 > index && event.y > node.offsetTop) {
-                                   if (targetIndex === null || index2 > targetIndex) {
-                                       targetIndex = index2;
-                                   }
-                                   return 'translateY(-100%)';
-                               } else if (index2 < index && event.y < node.offsetTop + node.offsetHeight) {
-                                   if (targetIndex === null || index2 < targetIndex) {
-                                       targetIndex = index2;
-                                   }
-                                   return 'translateY(100%)';
-                               }
-                               return null;
-                           });
-                   })
-                   .on('end', function(d, index) {
+             var qaService = services.improveOSM;
 
-                       if (!select(this).classed('dragging')) {
-                           return;
-                       }
+             if (qaService) {
+               d.newStatus = 'INVALID';
+               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
+                 return dispatch.call('change', item);
+               });
+             }
+           });
+         } // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
 
-                       select(this)
-                           .classed('dragging', false);
 
-                       selection.selectAll('li.member-row')
-                           .style('transform', null);
+         improveOsmEditor.error = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return improveOsmEditor;
+         };
 
-                       if (targetIndex !== null) {
-                           // dragged to a new position, reorder
-                           context.perform(
-                               actionMoveMember(d.relation.id, index, targetIndex),
-                               _t('operations.reorder_members.annotation')
-                           );
-                       }
-                   })
-               );
+         return utilRebind(improveOsmEditor, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
+       function uiPresetList(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('cancel', 'choose');
 
+         var _entityIDs;
 
-               function bindTypeahead(d) {
-                   var row = select(this);
-                   var role = row.selectAll('input.member-role');
-                   var origValue = role.property('value');
+         var _currLoc;
 
-                   function sort(value, data) {
-                       var sameletter = [];
-                       var other = [];
-                       for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
-                           if (data[i].value.substring(0, value.length) === value) {
-                               sameletter.push(data[i]);
-                           } else {
-                               other.push(data[i]);
-                           }
-                       }
-                       return sameletter.concat(other);
-                   }
+         var _currentPresets;
 
-                   role.call(uiCombobox(context, 'member-role')
-                       .fetcher(function(role, callback) {
-                           // The `geometry` param is used in the `taginfo.js` interface for
-                           // filtering results, as a key into the `tag_members_fractions`
-                           // object.  If we don't know the geometry because the member is
-                           // not yet downloaded, it's ok to guess based on type.
-                           var geometry;
-                           if (d.member) {
-                               geometry = context.graph().geometry(d.member.id);
-                           } else if (d.type === 'relation') {
-                               geometry = 'relation';
-                           } else if (d.type === 'way') {
-                               geometry = 'line';
-                           } else {
-                               geometry = 'point';
-                           }
+         var _autofocus = false;
 
-                           var rtype = entity.tags.type;
-                           taginfo.roles({
-                               debounce: true,
-                               rtype: rtype || '',
-                               geometry: geometry,
-                               query: role
-                           }, function(err, data) {
-                               if (!err) callback(sort(role, data));
-                           });
-                       })
-                       .on('cancel', function() {
-                           role.property('value', origValue);
-                       })
-                   );
-               }
+         function presetList(selection) {
+           if (!_entityIDs) return;
+           var presets = _mainPresetIndex.matchAllGeometry(entityGeometries());
+           selection.html('');
+           var messagewrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           var message = messagewrap.append('h2').call(_t.append('inspector.choose'));
+           var direction = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'backward' : 'forward';
+           messagewrap.append('button').attr('class', 'preset-choose').attr('title', direction).on('click', function () {
+             dispatch.call('cancel', this);
+           }).call(svgIcon("#iD-icon-".concat(direction)));
 
+           function initialKeydown(d3_event) {
+             // hack to let delete shortcut work when search is autofocused
+             if (search.property('value').length === 0 && (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['⌫'] || d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['⌦'])) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+               operationDelete(context, _entityIDs)(); // hack to let undo work when search is autofocused
+             } else if (search.property('value').length === 0 && (d3_event.ctrlKey || d3_event.metaKey) && d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes.z) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+               context.undo();
+             } else if (!d3_event.ctrlKey && !d3_event.metaKey) {
+               // don't check for delete/undo hack on future keydown events
+               select(this).on('keydown', keydown);
+               keydown.call(this, d3_event);
+             }
+           }
 
-               function unbind() {
-                   var row = select(this);
+           function keydown(d3_event) {
+             // down arrow
+             if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['↓'] && // if insertion point is at the end of the string
+             search.node().selectionStart === search.property('value').length) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               d3_event.stopPropagation(); // move focus to the first item in the preset list
 
-                   row.selectAll('input.member-role')
-                       .call(uiCombobox.off, context);
-               }
+               var buttons = list.selectAll('.preset-list-button');
+               if (!buttons.empty()) buttons.nodes()[0].focus();
+             }
            }
 
-           section.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-               _entityIDs = val;
-               return section;
-           };
-
+           function keypress(d3_event) {
+             // enter
+             var value = search.property('value');
 
-           return section;
-       }
+             if (d3_event.keyCode === 13 && // ↩ Return
+             value.length) {
+               list.selectAll('.preset-list-item:first-child').each(function (d) {
+                 d.choose.call(this);
+               });
+             }
+           }
 
-       function uiSectionRawMembershipEditor(context) {
+           function inputevent() {
+             var value = search.property('value');
+             list.classed('filtered', value.length);
+             var results, messageText;
 
-           var section = uiSection('raw-membership-editor', context)
-               .shouldDisplay(function() {
-                   return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length === 1;
-               })
-               .title(function() {
-                   var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
-                   if (!entity) return '';
-
-                   var parents = context.graph().parentRelations(entity);
-                   var gt = parents.length > _maxMemberships ? '>' : '';
-                   var count = gt + parents.slice(0, _maxMemberships).length;
-                   return _t('inspector.title_count', { title: _t('inspector.relations'), count: count });
-               })
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
-
-           var taginfo = services.taginfo;
-           var nearbyCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'parent-relation')
-               .minItems(1)
-               .fetcher(fetchNearbyRelations)
-               .itemsMouseEnter(function(d) {
-                   if (d.relation) utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], true, context);
-               })
-               .itemsMouseLeave(function(d) {
-                   if (d.relation) utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
+             if (value.length) {
+               results = presets.search(value, entityGeometries()[0], _currLoc);
+               messageText = _t.html('inspector.results', {
+                 n: results.collection.length,
+                 search: value
                });
-           var _inChange = false;
-           var _entityIDs = [];
-           var _showBlank;
-           var _maxMemberships = 1000;
+             } else {
+               results = _mainPresetIndex.defaults(entityGeometries()[0], 36, !context.inIntro(), _currLoc);
+               messageText = _t.html('inspector.choose');
+             }
+
+             list.call(drawList, results);
+             message.html(messageText);
+           }
 
-           function selectRelation(d) {
-               event.preventDefault();
+           var searchWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'search-header');
+           searchWrap.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-search', 'pre-text'));
+           var search = searchWrap.append('input').attr('class', 'preset-search-input').attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.search')).attr('type', 'search').call(utilNoAuto).on('keydown', initialKeydown).on('keypress', keypress).on('input', debounce(inputevent));
 
-               // remove the hover-highlight styling
-               utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
+           if (_autofocus) {
+             search.node().focus(); // Safari 14 doesn't always like to focus immediately,
+             // so try again on the next pass
 
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [d.relation.id]));
+             setTimeout(function () {
+               search.node().focus();
+             }, 0);
            }
 
-           function zoomToRelation(d) {
-               event.preventDefault();
+           var listWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'inspector-body');
+           var list = listWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list').call(drawList, _mainPresetIndex.defaults(entityGeometries()[0], 36, !context.inIntro(), _currLoc));
+           context.features().on('change.preset-list', updateForFeatureHiddenState);
+         }
 
-               var entity = context.entity(d.relation.id);
-               context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
+         function drawList(list, presets) {
+           presets = presets.matchAllGeometry(entityGeometries());
+           var collection = presets.collection.reduce(function (collection, preset) {
+             if (!preset) return collection;
 
-               // highlight the relation in case it wasn't previously on-screen
-               utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], true, context);
-           }
+             if (preset.members) {
+               if (preset.members.collection.filter(function (preset) {
+                 return preset.addable();
+               }).length > 1) {
+                 collection.push(CategoryItem(preset));
+               }
+             } else if (preset.addable()) {
+               collection.push(PresetItem(preset));
+             }
 
+             return collection;
+           }, []);
+           var items = list.selectAll('.preset-list-item').data(collection, function (d) {
+             return d.preset.id;
+           });
+           items.order();
+           items.exit().remove();
+           items.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (item) {
+             return 'preset-list-item preset-' + item.preset.id.replace('/', '-');
+           }).classed('current', function (item) {
+             return _currentPresets.indexOf(item.preset) !== -1;
+           }).each(function (item) {
+             select(this).call(item);
+           }).style('opacity', 0).transition().style('opacity', 1);
+           updateForFeatureHiddenState();
+         }
+
+         function itemKeydown(d3_event) {
+           // the actively focused item
+           var item = select(this.closest('.preset-list-item'));
+           var parentItem = select(item.node().parentNode.closest('.preset-list-item')); // arrow down, move focus to the next, lower item
+
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['↓']) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation(); // the next item in the list at the same level
+
+             var nextItem = select(item.node().nextElementSibling); // if there is no next item in this list
+
+             if (nextItem.empty()) {
+               // if there is a parent item
+               if (!parentItem.empty()) {
+                 // the item is the last item of a sublist,
+                 // select the next item at the parent level
+                 nextItem = select(parentItem.node().nextElementSibling);
+               } // if the focused item is expanded
+
+             } else if (select(this).classed('expanded')) {
+               // select the first subitem instead
+               nextItem = item.select('.subgrid .preset-list-item:first-child');
+             }
+
+             if (!nextItem.empty()) {
+               // focus on the next item
+               nextItem.select('.preset-list-button').node().focus();
+             } // arrow up, move focus to the previous, higher item
+
+           } else if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['↑']) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation(); // the previous item in the list at the same level
+
+             var previousItem = select(item.node().previousElementSibling); // if there is no previous item in this list
+
+             if (previousItem.empty()) {
+               // if there is a parent item
+               if (!parentItem.empty()) {
+                 // the item is the first subitem of a sublist select the parent item
+                 previousItem = parentItem;
+               } // if the previous item is expanded
+
+             } else if (previousItem.select('.preset-list-button').classed('expanded')) {
+               // select the last subitem of the sublist of the previous item
+               previousItem = previousItem.select('.subgrid .preset-list-item:last-child');
+             }
+
+             if (!previousItem.empty()) {
+               // focus on the previous item
+               previousItem.select('.preset-list-button').node().focus();
+             } else {
+               // the focus is at the top of the list, move focus back to the search field
+               var search = select(this.closest('.preset-list-pane')).select('.preset-search-input');
+               search.node().focus();
+             } // arrow left, move focus to the parent item if there is one
 
-           function changeRole(d) {
-               if (d === 0) return;    // called on newrow (shoudn't happen)
-               if (_inChange) return;  // avoid accidental recursive call #5731
+           } else if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '→' : '←']) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation(); // if there is a parent item, focus on the parent item
 
-               var oldRole = d.member.role;
-               var newRole = context.cleanRelationRole(select(this).property('value'));
+             if (!parentItem.empty()) {
+               parentItem.select('.preset-list-button').node().focus();
+             } // arrow right, choose this item
 
-               if (oldRole !== newRole) {
-                   _inChange = true;
-                   context.perform(
-                       actionChangeMember(d.relation.id, Object.assign({}, d.member, { role: newRole }), d.index),
-                       _t('operations.change_role.annotation')
-                   );
-               }
-               _inChange = false;
+           } else if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '←' : '→']) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             item.datum().choose.call(select(this).node());
            }
+         }
 
+         function CategoryItem(preset) {
+           var box,
+               sublist,
+               shown = false;
 
-           function addMembership(d, role) {
-               this.blur();           // avoid keeping focus on the button
-               _showBlank = false;
+           function item(selection) {
+             var wrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list-button-wrap category');
 
-               var member = { id: _entityIDs[0], type: context.entity(_entityIDs[0]).type, role: role };
+             function click() {
+               var isExpanded = select(this).classed('expanded');
+               var iconName = isExpanded ? _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-down';
+               select(this).classed('expanded', !isExpanded).attr('title', !isExpanded ? _t('icons.collapse') : _t('icons.expand'));
+               select(this).selectAll('div.label-inner svg.icon use').attr('href', iconName);
+               item.choose();
+             }
 
-               if (d.relation) {
-                   context.perform(
-                       actionAddMember(d.relation.id, member),
-                       _t('operations.add_member.annotation')
-                   );
+             var geometries = entityGeometries();
+             var button = wrap.append('button').attr('class', 'preset-list-button').attr('title', _t('icons.expand')).classed('expanded', false).call(uiPresetIcon().geometry(geometries.length === 1 && geometries[0]).preset(preset)).on('click', click).on('keydown', function (d3_event) {
+               // right arrow, expand the focused item
+               if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '←' : '→']) {
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+                 d3_event.stopPropagation(); // if the item isn't expanded
 
-               } else {
-                   var relation = osmRelation();
-                   context.perform(
-                       actionAddEntity(relation),
-                       actionAddMember(relation.id, member),
-                       _t('operations.add.annotation.relation')
-                   );
+                 if (!select(this).classed('expanded')) {
+                   // toggle expansion (expand the item)
+                   click.call(this, d3_event);
+                 } // left arrow, collapse the focused item
 
-                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, [relation.id]).newFeature(true));
+               } else if (d3_event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '→' : '←']) {
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+                 d3_event.stopPropagation(); // if the item is expanded
+
+                 if (select(this).classed('expanded')) {
+                   // toggle expansion (collapse the item)
+                   click.call(this, d3_event);
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 itemKeydown.call(this, d3_event);
                }
+             });
+             var label = button.append('div').attr('class', 'label').append('div').attr('class', 'label-inner');
+             label.append('div').attr('class', 'namepart').call(svgIcon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward', 'inline')).append('span').html(function () {
+               return preset.nameLabel() + '&hellip;';
+             });
+             box = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'subgrid').style('max-height', '0px').style('opacity', 0);
+             box.append('div').attr('class', 'arrow');
+             sublist = box.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list fillL3');
            }
 
+           item.choose = function () {
+             if (!box || !sublist) return;
 
-           function deleteMembership(d) {
-               this.blur();           // avoid keeping focus on the button
-               if (d === 0) return;   // called on newrow (shoudn't happen)
+             if (shown) {
+               shown = false;
+               box.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '0').style('max-height', '0px').style('padding-bottom', '0px');
+             } else {
+               shown = true;
+               var members = preset.members.matchAllGeometry(entityGeometries());
+               sublist.call(drawList, members);
+               box.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', '1').style('max-height', 200 + members.collection.length * 190 + 'px').style('padding-bottom', '10px');
+             }
+           };
 
-               // remove the hover-highlight styling
-               utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
+           item.preset = preset;
+           return item;
+         }
 
-               context.perform(
-                   actionDeleteMember(d.relation.id, d.index),
-                   _t('operations.delete_member.annotation')
-               );
+         function PresetItem(preset) {
+           function item(selection) {
+             var wrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list-button-wrap');
+             var geometries = entityGeometries();
+             var button = wrap.append('button').attr('class', 'preset-list-button').call(uiPresetIcon().geometry(geometries.length === 1 && geometries[0]).preset(preset)).on('click', item.choose).on('keydown', itemKeydown);
+             var label = button.append('div').attr('class', 'label').append('div').attr('class', 'label-inner');
+             var nameparts = [preset.nameLabel(), preset.subtitleLabel()].filter(Boolean);
+             label.selectAll('.namepart').data(nameparts).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'namepart').html(function (d) {
+               return d;
+             });
+             wrap.call(item.reference.button);
+             selection.call(item.reference.body);
            }
 
+           item.choose = function () {
+             if (select(this).classed('disabled')) return;
 
-           function fetchNearbyRelations(q, callback) {
-               var newRelation = { relation: null, value: _t('inspector.new_relation') };
+             if (!context.inIntro()) {
+               _mainPresetIndex.setMostRecent(preset, entityGeometries()[0]);
+             }
 
-               var entityID = _entityIDs[0];
+             context.perform(function (graph) {
+               for (var i in _entityIDs) {
+                 var entityID = _entityIDs[i];
+                 var oldPreset = _mainPresetIndex.match(graph.entity(entityID), graph);
+                 graph = actionChangePreset(entityID, oldPreset, preset)(graph);
+               }
 
-               var result = [];
+               return graph;
+             }, _t('operations.change_tags.annotation'));
+             context.validator().validate(); // rerun validation
 
-               var graph = context.graph();
+             dispatch.call('choose', this, preset);
+           };
 
-               function baseDisplayLabel(entity) {
-                   var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
-                   var presetName = (matched && matched.name()) || _t('inspector.relation');
-                   var entityName = utilDisplayName(entity) || '';
+           item.help = function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             item.reference.toggle();
+           };
 
-                   return presetName + ' ' + entityName;
-               }
+           item.preset = preset;
+           item.reference = uiTagReference(preset.reference());
+           return item;
+         }
 
-               var explicitRelation = q && context.hasEntity(q.toLowerCase());
-               if (explicitRelation && explicitRelation.type === 'relation' && explicitRelation.id !== entityID) {
-                   // loaded relation is specified explicitly, only show that
+         function updateForFeatureHiddenState() {
+           if (!_entityIDs.every(context.hasEntity)) return;
+           var geometries = entityGeometries();
+           var button = context.container().selectAll('.preset-list .preset-list-button'); // remove existing tooltips
 
-                   result.push({
-                       relation: explicitRelation,
-                       value: baseDisplayLabel(explicitRelation) + ' ' + explicitRelation.id
-                   });
-               } else {
+           button.call(uiTooltip().destroyAny);
+           button.each(function (item, index) {
+             var hiddenPresetFeaturesId;
 
-                   context.history().intersects(context.map().extent()).forEach(function(entity) {
-                       if (entity.type !== 'relation' || entity.id === entityID) return;
+             for (var i in geometries) {
+               hiddenPresetFeaturesId = context.features().isHiddenPreset(item.preset, geometries[i]);
+               if (hiddenPresetFeaturesId) break;
+             }
 
-                       var value = baseDisplayLabel(entity);
-                       if (q && (value + ' ' + entity.id).toLowerCase().indexOf(q.toLowerCase()) === -1) return;
+             var isHiddenPreset = !context.inIntro() && !!hiddenPresetFeaturesId && (_currentPresets.length !== 1 || item.preset !== _currentPresets[0]);
+             select(this).classed('disabled', isHiddenPreset);
 
-                       result.push({ relation: entity, value: value });
-                   });
+             if (isHiddenPreset) {
+               var isAutoHidden = context.features().autoHidden(hiddenPresetFeaturesId);
+               select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('inspector.hidden_preset.' + (isAutoHidden ? 'zoom' : 'manual'), {
+                 features: {
+                   html: _t.html('feature.' + hiddenPresetFeaturesId + '.description')
+                 }
+               })).placement(index < 2 ? 'bottom' : 'top'));
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-                   result.sort(function(a, b) {
-                       return osmRelation.creationOrder(a.relation, b.relation);
-                   });
+         presetList.autofocus = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _autofocus;
+           _autofocus = val;
+           return presetList;
+         };
 
-                   // Dedupe identical names by appending relation id - see #2891
-                   var dupeGroups = Object.values(utilArrayGroupBy(result, 'value'))
-                       .filter(function(v) { return v.length > 1; });
+         presetList.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           _currLoc = null;
 
-                   dupeGroups.forEach(function(group) {
-                       group.forEach(function(obj) {
-                           obj.value += ' ' + obj.relation.id;
-                       });
-                   });
-               }
+           if (_entityIDs && _entityIDs.length) {
+             // calculate current location
+             var extent = _entityIDs.reduce(function (extent, entityID) {
+               var entity = context.graph().entity(entityID);
+               return extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
+             }, geoExtent());
 
-               result.forEach(function(obj) {
-                   obj.title = obj.value;
-               });
+             _currLoc = extent.center(); // match presets
 
-               result.unshift(newRelation);
-               callback(result);
-           }
+             var presets = _entityIDs.map(function (entityID) {
+               return _mainPresetIndex.match(context.entity(entityID), context.graph());
+             });
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+             presetList.presets(presets);
+           }
 
-               var entityID = _entityIDs[0];
+           return presetList;
+         };
 
-               var entity = context.entity(entityID);
-               var parents = context.graph().parentRelations(entity);
+         presetList.presets = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _currentPresets;
+           _currentPresets = val;
+           return presetList;
+         };
 
-               var memberships = [];
+         function entityGeometries() {
+           var counts = {};
 
-               parents.slice(0, _maxMemberships).forEach(function(relation) {
-                   relation.members.forEach(function(member, index) {
-                       if (member.id === entity.id) {
-                           memberships.push({
-                               relation: relation,
-                               member: member,
-                               index: index,
-                               domId: utilUniqueDomId(entityID + '-membership-' + relation.id + '-' + index)
-                           });
-                       }
-                   });
-               });
+           for (var i in _entityIDs) {
+             var entityID = _entityIDs[i];
+             var entity = context.entity(entityID);
+             var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph()); // Treat entities on addr:interpolation lines as points, not vertices (#3241)
 
-               var list = selection.selectAll('.member-list')
-                   .data([0]);
+             if (geometry === 'vertex' && entity.isOnAddressLine(context.graph())) {
+               geometry = 'point';
+             }
 
-               list = list.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'member-list')
-                   .merge(list);
+             if (!counts[geometry]) counts[geometry] = 0;
+             counts[geometry] += 1;
+           }
 
+           return Object.keys(counts).sort(function (geom1, geom2) {
+             return counts[geom2] - counts[geom1];
+           });
+         }
 
-               var items = list.selectAll('li.member-row-normal')
-                   .data(memberships, function(d) {
-                       return osmEntity.key(d.relation) + ',' + d.index;
-                   });
+         return utilRebind(presetList, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-               items.exit()
-                   .each(unbind)
-                   .remove();
-
-               // Enter
-               var itemsEnter = items.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'member-row member-row-normal form-field');
-
-               // highlight the relation in the map while hovering on the list item
-               itemsEnter.on('mouseover', function(d) {
-                       utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], true, context);
-                   })
-                   .on('mouseout', function(d) {
-                       utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
-                   });
+       function uiViewOnOSM(context) {
+         var _what; // an osmEntity or osmNote
 
-               var labelEnter = itemsEnter
-                   .append('label')
-                   .attr('class', 'field-label')
-                   .attr('for', function(d) {
-                       return d.domId;
-                   });
 
-               var labelLink = labelEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'label-text')
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('href', '#')
-                   .on('click', selectRelation);
-
-               labelLink
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'member-entity-type')
-                   .text(function(d) {
-                       var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(d.relation, context.graph());
-                       return (matched && matched.name()) || _t('inspector.relation');
-                   });
+         function viewOnOSM(selection) {
+           var url;
 
-               labelLink
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'member-entity-name')
-                   .text(function(d) { return utilDisplayName(d.relation); });
-
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .attr('class', 'remove member-delete')
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'))
-                   .on('click', deleteMembership);
-
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'member-zoom')
-                   .attr('title', _t('icons.zoom_to'))
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'monochrome'))
-                   .on('click', zoomToRelation);
-
-               var wrapEnter = itemsEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-member');
-
-               wrapEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('class', 'member-role')
-                   .attr('id', function(d) {
-                       return d.domId;
-                   })
-                   .property('type', 'text')
-                   .attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.role'))
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .property('value', function(d) { return d.member.role; })
-                   .on('blur', changeRole)
-                   .on('change', changeRole);
-
-               if (taginfo) {
-                   wrapEnter.each(bindTypeahead);
-               }
-
-
-               var newMembership = list.selectAll('.member-row-new')
-                   .data(_showBlank ? [0] : []);
-
-               // Exit
-               newMembership.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // Enter
-               var newMembershipEnter = newMembership.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'member-row member-row-new form-field');
-
-               var newLabelEnter = newMembershipEnter
-                   .append('label')
-                   .attr('class', 'field-label');
-
-               newLabelEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.choose_relation'))
-                   .attr('type', 'text')
-                   .attr('class', 'member-entity-input')
-                   .call(utilNoAuto);
-
-               newLabelEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .attr('class', 'remove member-delete')
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'))
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       list.selectAll('.member-row-new')
-                           .remove();
-                   });
+           if (_what instanceof osmEntity) {
+             url = context.connection().entityURL(_what);
+           } else if (_what instanceof osmNote) {
+             url = context.connection().noteURL(_what);
+           }
 
-               var newWrapEnter = newMembershipEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-member');
+           var data = !_what || _what.isNew() ? [] : [_what];
+           var link = selection.selectAll('.view-on-osm').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-               newWrapEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('class', 'member-role')
-                   .property('type', 'text')
-                   .attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.role'))
-                   .call(utilNoAuto);
+           link.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-               // Update
-               newMembership = newMembership
-                   .merge(newMembershipEnter);
+           var linkEnter = link.enter().append('a').attr('class', 'view-on-osm').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', url).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));
+           linkEnter.append('span').call(_t.append('inspector.view_on_osm'));
+         }
 
-               newMembership.selectAll('.member-entity-input')
-                   .on('blur', cancelEntity)   // if it wasn't accepted normally, cancel it
-                   .call(nearbyCombo
-                       .on('accept', acceptEntity)
-                       .on('cancel', cancelEntity)
-                   );
+         viewOnOSM.what = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _what;
+           _what = _;
+           return viewOnOSM;
+         };
 
+         return viewOnOSM;
+       }
 
-               // Container for the Add button
-               var addRow = selection.selectAll('.add-row')
-                   .data([0]);
+       function uiInspector(context) {
+         var presetList = uiPresetList(context);
+         var entityEditor = uiEntityEditor(context);
+         var wrap = select(null),
+             presetPane = select(null),
+             editorPane = select(null);
+         var _state = 'select';
 
-               // enter
-               var addRowEnter = addRow.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'add-row');
+         var _entityIDs;
 
-               var addRelationButton = addRowEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'add-relation');
+         var _newFeature = false;
 
-               addRelationButton
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus', 'light'));
-               addRelationButton
-                   .call(uiTooltip().title(_t('inspector.add_to_relation')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr' ? 'right' : 'left'));
+         function inspector(selection) {
+           presetList.entityIDs(_entityIDs).autofocus(_newFeature).on('choose', inspector.setPreset).on('cancel', function () {
+             inspector.setPreset();
+           });
+           entityEditor.state(_state).entityIDs(_entityIDs).on('choose', inspector.showList);
+           wrap = selection.selectAll('.panewrap').data([0]);
+           var enter = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'panewrap');
+           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-list-pane pane');
+           enter.append('div').attr('class', 'entity-editor-pane pane');
+           wrap = wrap.merge(enter);
+           presetPane = wrap.selectAll('.preset-list-pane');
+           editorPane = wrap.selectAll('.entity-editor-pane');
 
-               addRowEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'space-value');   // preserve space
+           function shouldDefaultToPresetList() {
+             // always show the inspector on hover
+             if (_state !== 'select') return false; // can only change preset on single selection
 
-               addRowEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'space-buttons');  // preserve space
+             if (_entityIDs.length !== 1) return false;
+             var entityID = _entityIDs[0];
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
+             if (!entity) return false; // default to inspector if there are already tags
 
-               // update
-               addRow = addRow
-                   .merge(addRowEnter);
+             if (entity.hasNonGeometryTags()) return false; // prompt to select preset if feature is new and untagged
 
-               addRow.select('.add-relation')
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       _showBlank = true;
-                       section.reRender();
-                       list.selectAll('.member-entity-input').node().focus();
-                   });
+             if (_newFeature) return true; // all existing features except vertices should default to inspector
 
+             if (entity.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex') return false; // show vertex relations if any
 
-               function acceptEntity(d) {
-                   if (!d) {
-                       cancelEntity();
-                       return;
-                   }
-                   // remove hover-higlighting
-                   if (d.relation) utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
+             if (context.graph().parentRelations(entity).length) return false; // show vertex issues if there are any
 
-                   var role = context.cleanRelationRole(list.selectAll('.member-row-new .member-role').property('value'));
-                   addMembership(d, role);
-               }
+             if (context.validator().getEntityIssues(entityID).length) return false; // show turn retriction editor for junction vertices
 
+             if (entity.isHighwayIntersection(context.graph())) return false; // otherwise show preset list for uninteresting vertices
 
-               function cancelEntity() {
-                   var input = newMembership.selectAll('.member-entity-input');
-                   input.property('value', '');
+             return true;
+           }
 
-                   // remove hover-higlighting
-                   context.surface().selectAll('.highlighted')
-                       .classed('highlighted', false);
-               }
+           if (shouldDefaultToPresetList()) {
+             wrap.style('right', '-100%');
+             editorPane.classed('hide', true);
+             presetPane.classed('hide', false).call(presetList);
+           } else {
+             wrap.style('right', '0%');
+             presetPane.classed('hide', true);
+             editorPane.classed('hide', false).call(entityEditor);
+           }
 
+           var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer').data([0]);
+           footer = footer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'footer').merge(footer);
+           footer.call(uiViewOnOSM(context).what(context.hasEntity(_entityIDs.length === 1 && _entityIDs[0])));
+         }
 
-               function bindTypeahead(d) {
-                   var row = select(this);
-                   var role = row.selectAll('input.member-role');
-                   var origValue = role.property('value');
+         inspector.showList = function (presets) {
+           presetPane.classed('hide', false);
+           wrap.transition().styleTween('right', function () {
+             return interpolate$1('0%', '-100%');
+           }).on('end', function () {
+             editorPane.classed('hide', true);
+           });
 
-                   function sort(value, data) {
-                       var sameletter = [];
-                       var other = [];
-                       for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
-                           if (data[i].value.substring(0, value.length) === value) {
-                               sameletter.push(data[i]);
-                           } else {
-                               other.push(data[i]);
-                           }
-                       }
-                       return sameletter.concat(other);
-                   }
+           if (presets) {
+             presetList.presets(presets);
+           }
 
-                   role.call(uiCombobox(context, 'member-role')
-                       .fetcher(function(role, callback) {
-                           var rtype = d.relation.tags.type;
-                           taginfo.roles({
-                               debounce: true,
-                               rtype: rtype || '',
-                               geometry: context.graph().geometry(entityID),
-                               query: role
-                           }, function(err, data) {
-                               if (!err) callback(sort(role, data));
-                           });
-                       })
-                       .on('cancel', function() {
-                           role.property('value', origValue);
-                       })
-                   );
-               }
+           presetPane.call(presetList.autofocus(true));
+         };
 
+         inspector.setPreset = function (preset) {
+           // upon setting multipolygon, go to the area preset list instead of the editor
+           if (preset && preset.id === 'type/multipolygon') {
+             presetPane.call(presetList.autofocus(true));
+           } else {
+             editorPane.classed('hide', false);
+             wrap.transition().styleTween('right', function () {
+               return interpolate$1('-100%', '0%');
+             }).on('end', function () {
+               presetPane.classed('hide', true);
+             });
 
-               function unbind() {
-                   var row = select(this);
+             if (preset) {
+               entityEditor.presets([preset]);
+             }
 
-                   row.selectAll('input.member-role')
-                       .call(uiCombobox.off, context);
-               }
+             editorPane.call(entityEditor);
            }
+         };
 
+         inspector.state = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
+           _state = val;
+           entityEditor.state(_state); // remove any old field help overlay that might have gotten attached to the inspector
 
-           section.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-               _entityIDs = val;
-               _showBlank = false;
-               return section;
-           };
+           context.container().selectAll('.field-help-body').remove();
+           return inspector;
+         };
+
+         inspector.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
+           _entityIDs = val;
+           return inspector;
+         };
 
+         inspector.newFeature = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _newFeature;
+           _newFeature = val;
+           return inspector;
+         };
 
-           return section;
+         return inspector;
        }
 
-       function uiSectionSelectionList(context) {
+       function uiKeepRightDetails(context) {
+         var _qaItem;
 
-           var _selectedIDs = [];
+         function issueDetail(d) {
+           var itemType = d.itemType,
+               parentIssueType = d.parentIssueType;
+           var unknown = {
+             html: _t.html('inspector.unknown')
+           };
+           var replacements = d.replacements || {};
+           replacements["default"] = unknown; // special key `default` works as a fallback string
 
-           var section = uiSection('selected-features', context)
-               .shouldDisplay(function() {
-                   return _selectedIDs.length > 1;
-               })
-               .title(function() {
-                   return _t('inspector.title_count', { title: _t('inspector.features'), count: _selectedIDs.length });
-               })
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+           var detail = _t.html("QA.keepRight.errorTypes.".concat(itemType, ".description"), replacements);
 
-           context.history()
-               .on('change.selectionList', function(difference) {
-                   if (difference) {
-                       section.reRender();
-                   }
-               });
+           if (detail === unknown.html) {
+             detail = _t.html("QA.keepRight.errorTypes.".concat(parentIssueType, ".description"), replacements);
+           }
 
-           section.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _selectedIDs;
-               _selectedIDs = val;
-               return section;
-           };
+           return detail;
+         }
 
-           function selectEntity(entity) {
-               context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entity.id]));
-           }
+         function keepRightDetails(selection) {
+           var details = selection.selectAll('.error-details').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           });
+           details.exit().remove();
+           var detailsEnter = details.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'error-details qa-details-container'); // description
 
-           function deselectEntity(entity) {
-               event.stopPropagation();
+           var descriptionEnter = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
+           descriptionEnter.append('h4').call(_t.append('QA.keepRight.detail_description'));
+           descriptionEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-description-text').html(issueDetail); // If there are entity links in the error message..
 
-               var selectedIDs = _selectedIDs.slice();
-               var index = selectedIDs.indexOf(entity.id);
-               if (index > -1) {
-                   selectedIDs.splice(index, 1);
-                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, selectedIDs));
-               }
-           }
+           var relatedEntities = [];
+           descriptionEnter.selectAll('.error_entity_link, .error_object_link').attr('href', '#').each(function () {
+             var link = select(this);
+             var isObjectLink = link.classed('error_object_link');
+             var entityID = isObjectLink ? utilEntityRoot(_qaItem.objectType) + _qaItem.objectId : this.textContent;
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
+             relatedEntities.push(entityID); // Add click handler
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+             link.on('mouseenter', function () {
+               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], true, context);
+             }).on('mouseleave', function () {
+               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
+             }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
+               var osmlayer = context.layers().layer('osm');
 
-               var list = selection.selectAll('.feature-list')
-                   .data([0]);
+               if (!osmlayer.enabled()) {
+                 osmlayer.enabled(true);
+               }
 
-               list = list.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'feature-list')
-                   .merge(list);
+               context.map().centerZoomEase(_qaItem.loc, 20);
 
-               var entities = _selectedIDs
-                   .map(function(id) { return context.hasEntity(id); })
-                   .filter(Boolean);
+               if (entity) {
+                 context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
+               } else {
+                 context.loadEntity(entityID, function (err, result) {
+                   if (err) return;
+                   var entity = result.data.find(function (e) {
+                     return e.id === entityID;
+                   });
+                   if (entity) context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
+                 });
+               }
+             }); // Replace with friendly name if possible
+             // (The entity may not yet be loaded into the graph)
 
-               var items = list.selectAll('.feature-list-item')
-                   .data(entities, osmEntity.key);
+             if (entity) {
+               var name = utilDisplayName(entity); // try to use common name
 
-               items.exit()
-                   .remove();
+               if (!name && !isObjectLink) {
+                 var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+                 name = preset && !preset.isFallback() && preset.name(); // fallback to preset name
+               }
 
-               // Enter
-               var enter = items.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'feature-list-item')
-                   .on('click', selectEntity);
+               if (name) {
+                 this.innerText = name;
+               }
+             }
+           }); // Don't hide entities related to this issue - #5880
 
-               enter
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       select(this).on('mouseover', function() {
-                           utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
-                       });
-                       select(this).on('mouseout', function() {
-                           utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
-                       });
-                   });
+           context.features().forceVisible(relatedEntities);
+           context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
+         }
 
-               var label = enter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'label');
-
-               enter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'close')
-                   .attr('title', _t('icons.deselect'))
-                   .on('click', deselectEntity)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
-
-               label
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'entity-geom-icon')
-                   .call(svgIcon('', 'pre-text'));
-
-               label
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'entity-type');
-
-               label
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'entity-name');
-
-               // Update
-               items = items.merge(enter);
-
-               items.selectAll('.entity-geom-icon use')
-                   .attr('href', function() {
-                       var entity = this.parentNode.parentNode.__data__;
-                       return '#iD-icon-' + entity.geometry(context.graph());
-                   });
+         keepRightDetails.issue = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return keepRightDetails;
+         };
+
+         return keepRightDetails;
+       }
 
-               items.selectAll('.entity-type')
-                   .text(function(entity) { return _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph()).name(); });
+       function uiKeepRightHeader() {
+         var _qaItem;
 
-               items.selectAll('.entity-name')
-                   .text(function(d) {
-                       // fetch latest entity
-                       var entity = context.entity(d.id);
-                       return utilDisplayName(entity);
-                   });
+         function issueTitle(d) {
+           var itemType = d.itemType,
+               parentIssueType = d.parentIssueType;
+           var unknown = _t.html('inspector.unknown');
+           var replacements = d.replacements || {};
+           replacements["default"] = {
+             html: unknown
+           }; // special key `default` works as a fallback string
+
+           var title = _t.html("QA.keepRight.errorTypes.".concat(itemType, ".title"), replacements);
+
+           if (title !== unknown) {
+             return _t.apply("QA.keepRight.errorTypes.".concat(itemType, ".title"), replacements);
+           } else {
+             return _t.apply("QA.keepRight.errorTypes.".concat(parentIssueType, ".title"), replacements);
            }
+         }
 
-           return section;
+         function keepRightHeader(selection) {
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.qa-header').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           });
+           header.exit().remove();
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header');
+           var iconEnter = headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-icon').classed('new', function (d) {
+             return d.id < 0;
+           });
+           iconEnter.append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "preset-icon-28 qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.parentIssueType);
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-bolt', 'qaItem-fill'));
+           headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-label').html(issueTitle);
+         }
+
+         keepRightHeader.issue = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return keepRightHeader;
+         };
+
+         return keepRightHeader;
        }
 
-       function uiEntityEditor(context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('choose');
-           var _state = 'select';
-           var _coalesceChanges = false;
-           var _modified = false;
-           var _base;
-           var _entityIDs;
-           var _activePresets = [];
-           var _newFeature;
+       function uiViewOnKeepRight() {
+         var _qaItem;
 
-           var _sections;
+         function viewOnKeepRight(selection) {
+           var url;
 
-           function entityEditor(selection) {
+           if (services.keepRight && _qaItem instanceof QAItem) {
+             url = services.keepRight.issueURL(_qaItem);
+           }
 
-               var combinedTags = utilCombinedTags(_entityIDs, context.graph());
+           var link = selection.selectAll('.view-on-keepRight').data(url ? [url] : []); // exit
 
-               // Header
-               var header = selection.selectAll('.header')
-                   .data([0]);
+           link.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-               // Enter
-               var headerEnter = header.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'header fillL cf');
+           var linkEnter = link.enter().append('a').attr('class', 'view-on-keepRight').attr('target', '_blank').attr('rel', 'noopener') // security measure
+           .attr('href', function (d) {
+             return d;
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));
+           linkEnter.append('span').call(_t.append('inspector.view_on_keepRight'));
+         }
 
-               headerEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'preset-reset preset-choose')
-                   .call(svgIcon((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-backward'));
+         viewOnKeepRight.what = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return viewOnKeepRight;
+         };
 
-               headerEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'close')
-                   .on('click', function() { context.enter(modeBrowse(context)); })
-                   .call(svgIcon(_modified ? '#iD-icon-apply' : '#iD-icon-close'));
+         return viewOnKeepRight;
+       }
 
-               headerEnter
-                   .append('h3');
+       function uiKeepRightEditor(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var qaDetails = uiKeepRightDetails(context);
+         var qaHeader = uiKeepRightHeader();
 
-               // Update
-               header = header
-                   .merge(headerEnter);
+         var _qaItem;
 
-               header.selectAll('h3')
-                   .text(_entityIDs.length === 1 ? _t('inspector.edit') : _t('inspector.edit_features'));
+         function keepRightEditor(selection) {
+           var headerEnter = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').attr('title', _t('icons.close')).on('click', function () {
+             return context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           headerEnter.append('h2').call(_t.append('QA.keepRight.title'));
+           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
+           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body);
+           var editor = body.selectAll('.qa-editor').data([0]);
+           editor.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section qa-editor').merge(editor).call(qaHeader.issue(_qaItem)).call(qaDetails.issue(_qaItem)).call(keepRightSaveSection);
+           var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer').data([0]);
+           footer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'footer').merge(footer).call(uiViewOnKeepRight().what(_qaItem));
+         }
 
-               header.selectAll('.preset-reset')
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       dispatch$1.call('choose', this, _activePresets);
-                   });
+         function keepRightSaveSection(selection) {
+           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
 
-               // Body
-               var body = selection.selectAll('.inspector-body')
-                   .data([0]);
+           var isShown = _qaItem && (isSelected || _qaItem.newComment || _qaItem.comment);
+           var saveSection = selection.selectAll('.qa-save').data(isShown ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           }); // exit
 
-               // Enter
-               var bodyEnter = body.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'entity-editor inspector-body sep-top');
-
-               // Update
-               body = body
-                   .merge(bodyEnter);
-
-               if (!_sections) {
-                   _sections = [
-                       uiSectionSelectionList(context),
-                       uiSectionFeatureType(context).on('choose', function(presets) {
-                           dispatch$1.call('choose', this, presets);
-                       }),
-                       uiSectionEntityIssues(context),
-                       uiSectionPresetFields(context).on('change', changeTags).on('revert', revertTags),
-                       uiSectionRawTagEditor('raw-tag-editor', context).on('change', changeTags),
-                       uiSectionRawMemberEditor(context),
-                       uiSectionRawMembershipEditor(context)
-                   ];
-               }
-
-               _sections.forEach(function(section) {
-                   if (section.entityIDs) {
-                       section.entityIDs(_entityIDs);
-                   }
-                   if (section.presets) {
-                       section.presets(_activePresets);
-                   }
-                   if (section.tags) {
-                       section.tags(combinedTags);
-                   }
-                   if (section.state) {
-                       section.state(_state);
-                   }
-                   body.call(section.render);
-               });
+           saveSection.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-               body
-                   .selectAll('.key-trap-wrap')
-                   .data([0])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'key-trap-wrap')
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'text')
-                   .attr('class', 'key-trap')
-                   .on('keydown.key-trap', function() {
-                       // On tabbing, send focus back to the first field on the inspector-body
-                       // (probably the `name` field) #4159
-                       if (event.keyCode === 9 && !event.shiftKey) {
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                           body.select('input').node().focus();
-                       }
-                   });
+           var saveSectionEnter = saveSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-save save-section cf');
+           saveSectionEnter.append('h4').attr('class', '.qa-save-header').call(_t.append('QA.keepRight.comment'));
+           saveSectionEnter.append('textarea').attr('class', 'new-comment-input').attr('placeholder', _t('QA.keepRight.comment_placeholder')).attr('maxlength', 1000).property('value', function (d) {
+             return d.newComment || d.comment;
+           }).call(utilNoAuto).on('input', changeInput).on('blur', changeInput); // update
 
-               context.history()
-                   .on('change.entity-editor', historyChanged);
+           saveSection = saveSectionEnter.merge(saveSection).call(qaSaveButtons);
 
-               function historyChanged(difference) {
-                   if (selection.selectAll('.entity-editor').empty()) return;
-                   if (_state === 'hide') return;
-                   var significant = !difference ||
-                           difference.didChange.properties ||
-                           difference.didChange.addition ||
-                           difference.didChange.deletion;
-                   if (!significant) return;
+           function changeInput() {
+             var input = select(this);
+             var val = input.property('value').trim();
 
-                   _entityIDs = _entityIDs.filter(context.hasEntity);
-                   if (!_entityIDs.length) return;
+             if (val === _qaItem.comment) {
+               val = undefined;
+             } // store the unsaved comment with the issue itself
 
-                   var priorActivePreset = _activePresets.length === 1 && _activePresets[0];
 
-                   loadActivePresets();
+             _qaItem = _qaItem.update({
+               newComment: val
+             });
+             var qaService = services.keepRight;
 
-                   var graph = context.graph();
-                   entityEditor.modified(_base !== graph);
-                   entityEditor(selection);
+             if (qaService) {
+               qaService.replaceItem(_qaItem); // update keepright cache
+             }
 
-                   if (priorActivePreset && _activePresets.length === 1 && priorActivePreset !== _activePresets[0]) {
-                       // flash the button to indicate the preset changed
-                       context.container().selectAll('.entity-editor button.preset-reset .label')
-                           .style('background-color', '#fff')
-                           .transition()
-                           .duration(750)
-                           .style('background-color', null);
-                   }
-               }
+             saveSection.call(qaSaveButtons);
            }
+         }
 
+         function qaSaveButtons(selection) {
+           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
 
-           // Tag changes that fire on input can all get coalesced into a single
-           // history operation when the user leaves the field.  #2342
-           // Use explicit entityIDs in case the selection changes before the event is fired.
-           function changeTags(entityIDs, changed, onInput) {
+           var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons').data(isSelected ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.status + d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-               var actions = [];
-               for (var i in entityIDs) {
-                   var entityID = entityIDs[i];
-                   var entity = context.entity(entityID);
+           buttonSection.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-                   var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);   // shallow copy
+           var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'buttons');
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button comment-button action').call(_t.append('QA.keepRight.save_comment'));
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button close-button action');
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button ignore-button action'); // update
 
-                   for (var k in changed) {
-                       if (!k) continue;
-                       var v = changed[k];
-                       if (v !== undefined || tags.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
-                           tags[k] = v;
-                       }
-                   }
+           buttonSection = buttonSection.merge(buttonEnter);
+           buttonSection.select('.comment-button') // select and propagate data
+           .attr('disabled', function (d) {
+             return d.newComment ? null : true;
+           }).on('click.comment', function (d3_event, d) {
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-                   if (!onInput) {
-                       tags = utilCleanTags(tags);
-                   }
+             var qaService = services.keepRight;
 
-                   if (!fastDeepEqual(entity.tags, tags)) {
-                       actions.push(actionChangeTags(entityID, tags));
-                   }
-               }
+             if (qaService) {
+               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
+                 return dispatch.call('change', item);
+               });
+             }
+           });
+           buttonSection.select('.close-button') // select and propagate data
+           .html(function (d) {
+             var andComment = d.newComment ? '_comment' : '';
+             return _t.html("QA.keepRight.close".concat(andComment));
+           }).on('click.close', function (d3_event, d) {
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-               if (actions.length) {
-                   var combinedAction = function(graph) {
-                       actions.forEach(function(action) {
-                           graph = action(graph);
-                       });
-                       return graph;
-                   };
+             var qaService = services.keepRight;
 
-                   var annotation = _t('operations.change_tags.annotation');
+             if (qaService) {
+               d.newStatus = 'ignore_t'; // ignore temporarily (item fixed)
 
-                   if (_coalesceChanges) {
-                       context.overwrite(combinedAction, annotation);
-                   } else {
-                       context.perform(combinedAction, annotation);
-                       _coalesceChanges = !!onInput;
-                   }
-               }
+               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
+                 return dispatch.call('change', item);
+               });
+             }
+           });
+           buttonSection.select('.ignore-button') // select and propagate data
+           .html(function (d) {
+             var andComment = d.newComment ? '_comment' : '';
+             return _t.html("QA.keepRight.ignore".concat(andComment));
+           }).on('click.ignore', function (d3_event, d) {
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-               // if leaving field (blur event), rerun validation
-               if (!onInput) {
-                   context.validator().validate();
-               }
-           }
+             var qaService = services.keepRight;
 
-           function revertTags(keys) {
+             if (qaService) {
+               d.newStatus = 'ignore'; // ignore permanently (false positive)
 
-               var actions = [];
-               for (var i in _entityIDs) {
-                   var entityID = _entityIDs[i];
+               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
+                 return dispatch.call('change', item);
+               });
+             }
+           });
+         } // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
 
-                   var original = context.graph().base().entities[entityID];
-                   var changed = {};
-                   for (var j in keys) {
-                       var key = keys[j];
-                       changed[key] = original ? original.tags[key] : undefined;
-                   }
 
-                   var entity = context.entity(entityID);
-                   var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);   // shallow copy
+         keepRightEditor.error = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return keepRightEditor;
+         };
 
-                   for (var k in changed) {
-                       if (!k) continue;
-                       var v = changed[k];
-                       if (v !== undefined || tags.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
-                           tags[k] = v;
-                       }
-                   }
+         return utilRebind(keepRightEditor, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
+       function uiLasso(context) {
+         var group, polygon;
+         lasso.coordinates = [];
 
-                   tags = utilCleanTags(tags);
+         function lasso(selection) {
+           context.container().classed('lasso', true);
+           group = selection.append('g').attr('class', 'lasso hide');
+           polygon = group.append('path').attr('class', 'lasso-path');
+           group.call(uiToggle(true));
+         }
 
-                   if (!fastDeepEqual(entity.tags, tags)) {
-                       actions.push(actionChangeTags(entityID, tags));
-                   }
+         function draw() {
+           if (polygon) {
+             polygon.data([lasso.coordinates]).attr('d', function (d) {
+               return 'M' + d.join(' L') + ' Z';
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-               }
+         lasso.extent = function () {
+           return lasso.coordinates.reduce(function (extent, point) {
+             return extent.extend(geoExtent(point));
+           }, geoExtent());
+         };
 
-               if (actions.length) {
-                   var combinedAction = function(graph) {
-                       actions.forEach(function(action) {
-                           graph = action(graph);
-                       });
-                       return graph;
-                   };
+         lasso.p = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return lasso;
+           lasso.coordinates.push(_);
+           draw();
+           return lasso;
+         };
 
-                   var annotation = _t('operations.change_tags.annotation');
+         lasso.close = function () {
+           if (group) {
+             group.call(uiToggle(false, function () {
+               select(this).remove();
+             }));
+           }
 
-                   if (_coalesceChanges) {
-                       context.overwrite(combinedAction, annotation);
-                   } else {
-                       context.perform(combinedAction, annotation);
-                       _coalesceChanges = false;
-                   }
-               }
+           context.container().classed('lasso', false);
+         };
 
-               context.validator().validate();
-           }
+         return lasso;
+       }
 
+       function uiNoteComments() {
+         var _note;
 
-           entityEditor.modified = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _modified;
-               _modified = val;
-               return entityEditor;
-           };
+         function noteComments(selection) {
+           if (_note.isNew()) return; // don't draw .comments-container
 
+           var comments = selection.selectAll('.comments-container').data([0]);
+           comments = comments.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'comments-container').merge(comments);
+           var commentEnter = comments.selectAll('.comment').data(_note.comments).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'comment');
+           commentEnter.append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'comment-avatar user-' + d.uid;
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-avatar', 'comment-avatar-icon'));
+           var mainEnter = commentEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-main');
+           var metadataEnter = mainEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-metadata');
+           metadataEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-author').each(function (d) {
+             var selection = select(this);
+             var osm = services.osm;
 
-           entityEditor.state = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _state;
-               _state = val;
-               return entityEditor;
-           };
+             if (osm && d.user) {
+               selection = selection.append('a').attr('class', 'comment-author-link').attr('href', osm.userURL(d.user)).attr('target', '_blank');
+             }
 
+             if (d.user) {
+               selection.text(d.user);
+             } else {
+               selection.call(_t.append('note.anonymous'));
+             }
+           });
+           metadataEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-date').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('note.status.' + d.action, {
+               when: localeDateString(d.date)
+             });
+           });
+           mainEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'comment-text').html(function (d) {
+             return d.html;
+           }).selectAll('a').attr('rel', 'noopener nofollow').attr('target', '_blank');
+           comments.call(replaceAvatars);
+         }
 
-           entityEditor.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-               if (val && _entityIDs && utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) return entityEditor;  // exit early if no change
+         function replaceAvatars(selection) {
+           var showThirdPartyIcons = corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons') || 'true';
+           var osm = services.osm;
+           if (showThirdPartyIcons !== 'true' || !osm) return;
+           var uids = {}; // gather uids in the comment thread
 
-               _entityIDs = val;
-               _base = context.graph();
-               _coalesceChanges = false;
+           _note.comments.forEach(function (d) {
+             if (d.uid) uids[d.uid] = true;
+           });
 
-               loadActivePresets();
+           Object.keys(uids).forEach(function (uid) {
+             osm.loadUser(uid, function (err, user) {
+               if (!user || !user.image_url) return;
+               selection.selectAll('.comment-avatar.user-' + uid).html('').append('img').attr('class', 'icon comment-avatar-icon').attr('src', user.image_url).attr('alt', user.display_name);
+             });
+           });
+         }
 
-               return entityEditor
-                   .modified(false);
+         function localeDateString(s) {
+           if (!s) return null;
+           var options = {
+             day: 'numeric',
+             month: 'short',
+             year: 'numeric'
            };
+           s = s.replace(/-/g, '/'); // fix browser-specific Date() issues
+
+           var d = new Date(s);
+           if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
+           return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
+         }
 
+         noteComments.note = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _note;
+           _note = val;
+           return noteComments;
+         };
 
-           entityEditor.newFeature = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _newFeature;
-               _newFeature = val;
-               return entityEditor;
-           };
+         return noteComments;
+       }
 
+       function uiNoteHeader() {
+         var _note;
+
+         function noteHeader(selection) {
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.note-header').data(_note ? [_note] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.status + d.id;
+           });
+           header.exit().remove();
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'note-header');
+           var iconEnter = headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'note-header-icon ' + d.status;
+           }).classed('new', function (d) {
+             return d.id < 0;
+           });
+           iconEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'preset-icon-28').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-note', 'note-fill'));
+           iconEnter.each(function (d) {
+             var statusIcon;
+
+             if (d.id < 0) {
+               statusIcon = '#iD-icon-plus';
+             } else if (d.status === 'open') {
+               statusIcon = '#iD-icon-close';
+             } else {
+               statusIcon = '#iD-icon-apply';
+             }
 
-           function loadActivePresets() {
+             iconEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'note-icon-annotation').attr('title', _t('icons.close')).call(svgIcon(statusIcon, 'icon-annotation'));
+           });
+           headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'note-header-label').html(function (d) {
+             if (_note.isNew()) {
+               return _t.html('note.new');
+             }
 
-               var graph = context.graph();
+             return _t.html('note.note') + ' ' + d.id + ' ' + (d.status === 'closed' ? _t.html('note.closed') : '');
+           });
+         }
 
-               var counts = {};
+         noteHeader.note = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _note;
+           _note = val;
+           return noteHeader;
+         };
 
-               for (var i in _entityIDs) {
-                   var entity = graph.hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
-                   if (!entity) return;
+         return noteHeader;
+       }
 
-                   var match = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+       function uiNoteReport() {
+         var _note;
 
-                   if (!counts[match.id]) counts[match.id] = 0;
-                   counts[match.id] += 1;
-               }
+         function noteReport(selection) {
+           var url;
 
-               var matches = Object.keys(counts).sort(function(p1, p2) {
-                   return counts[p2] - counts[p1];
-               }).map(function(pID) {
-                   return _mainPresetIndex.item(pID);
-               });
+           if (services.osm && _note instanceof osmNote && !_note.isNew()) {
+             url = services.osm.noteReportURL(_note);
+           }
 
-               // A "weak" preset doesn't set any tags. (e.g. "Address")
-               var weakPreset = _activePresets.length === 1 &&
-                   Object.keys(_activePresets[0].addTags || {}).length === 0;
-               // Don't replace a weak preset with a fallback preset (e.g. "Point")
-               if (weakPreset && matches.length === 1 && matches[0].isFallback()) return;
+           var link = selection.selectAll('.note-report').data(url ? [url] : []); // exit
 
-               entityEditor.presets(matches);
-           }
+           link.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-           entityEditor.presets = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _activePresets;
+           var linkEnter = link.enter().append('a').attr('class', 'note-report').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', function (d) {
+             return d;
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));
+           linkEnter.append('span').call(_t.append('note.report'));
+         }
 
-               // don't reload the same preset
-               if (!utilArrayIdentical(val, _activePresets)) {
-                   _activePresets = val;
-               }
-               return entityEditor;
-           };
+         noteReport.note = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _note;
+           _note = val;
+           return noteReport;
+         };
 
-           return utilRebind(entityEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return noteReport;
        }
 
-       function uiPresetList(context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('cancel', 'choose');
-           var _entityIDs;
-           var _currentPresets;
-           var _autofocus = false;
+       function uiNoteEditor(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var noteComments = uiNoteComments();
+         var noteHeader = uiNoteHeader(); // var formFields = uiFormFields(context);
 
+         var _note;
 
-           function presetList(selection) {
-               if (!_entityIDs) return;
+         var _newNote; // var _fieldsArr;
 
-               var presets = _mainPresetIndex.matchAllGeometry(entityGeometries());
 
-               selection.html('');
+         function noteEditor(selection) {
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]);
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').attr('title', _t('icons.close')).on('click', function () {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           headerEnter.append('h2').call(_t.append('note.title'));
+           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
+           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body);
+           var editor = body.selectAll('.note-editor').data([0]);
+           editor.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section note-editor').merge(editor).call(noteHeader.note(_note)).call(noteComments.note(_note)).call(noteSaveSection);
+           var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer').data([0]);
+           footer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'footer').merge(footer).call(uiViewOnOSM(context).what(_note)).call(uiNoteReport().note(_note)); // rerender the note editor on any auth change
+
+           var osm = services.osm;
+
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.on('change.note-save', function () {
+               selection.call(noteEditor);
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-               var messagewrap = selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'header fillL');
-
-               var message = messagewrap
-                   .append('h3')
-                   .text(_t('inspector.choose'));
-
-               messagewrap
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'preset-choose')
-                   .on('click', function() { dispatch$1.call('cancel', this); })
-                   .call(svgIcon((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward'));
-
-               function initialKeydown() {
-                   // hack to let delete shortcut work when search is autofocused
-                   if (search.property('value').length === 0 &&
-                       (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['⌫'] ||
-                        event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['⌦'])) {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                       operationDelete(context, _entityIDs)();
-
-                   // hack to let undo work when search is autofocused
-                   } else if (search.property('value').length === 0 &&
-                       (event.ctrlKey || event.metaKey) &&
-                       event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes.z) {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                       context.undo();
-                   } else if (!event.ctrlKey && !event.metaKey) {
-                       // don't check for delete/undo hack on future keydown events
-                       select(this).on('keydown', keydown);
-                       keydown.call(this);
-                   }
-               }
+         function noteSaveSection(selection) {
+           var isSelected = _note && _note.id === context.selectedNoteID();
 
-               function keydown() {
-                   // down arrow
-                   if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['↓'] &&
-                       // if insertion point is at the end of the string
-                       search.node().selectionStart === search.property('value').length) {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                       // move focus to the first item in the preset list
-                       var buttons = list.selectAll('.preset-list-button');
-                       if (!buttons.empty()) buttons.nodes()[0].focus();
-                   }
-               }
+           var noteSave = selection.selectAll('.note-save').data(isSelected ? [_note] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.status + d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-               function keypress() {
-                   // enter
-                   var value = search.property('value');
-                   if (event.keyCode === 13 && value.length) {
-                       list.selectAll('.preset-list-item:first-child')
-                           .each(function(d) { d.choose.call(this); });
-                   }
-               }
+           noteSave.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-               function inputevent() {
-                   var value = search.property('value');
-                   list.classed('filtered', value.length);
-                   var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
-                   var results, messageText;
-                   if (value.length && extent) {
-                       var center = extent.center();
-                       var countryCode = iso1A2Code(center);
+           var noteSaveEnter = noteSave.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'note-save save-section cf'); // // if new note, show categories to pick from
+           // if (_note.isNew()) {
+           //     var presets = presetManager;
+           //     // NOTE: this key isn't a age and therefore there is no documentation (yet)
+           //     _fieldsArr = [
+           //         uiField(context, presets.field('category'), null, { show: true, revert: false }),
+           //     ];
+           //     _fieldsArr.forEach(function(field) {
+           //         field
+           //             .on('change', changeCategory);
+           //     });
+           //     noteSaveEnter
+           //         .append('div')
+           //         .attr('class', 'note-category')
+           //         .call(formFields.fieldsArr(_fieldsArr));
+           // }
+           // function changeCategory() {
+           //     // NOTE: perhaps there is a better way to get value
+           //     var val = context.container().select('input[name=\'category\']:checked').property('__data__') || undefined;
+           //     // store the unsaved category with the note itself
+           //     _note = _note.update({ newCategory: val });
+           //     var osm = services.osm;
+           //     if (osm) {
+           //         osm.replaceNote(_note);  // update note cache
+           //     }
+           //     noteSave
+           //         .call(noteSaveButtons);
+           // }
 
-                       results = presets.search(value, entityGeometries()[0], countryCode && countryCode.toLowerCase());
-                       messageText = _t('inspector.results', {
-                           n: results.collection.length,
-                           search: value
-                       });
-                   } else {
-                       results = _mainPresetIndex.defaults(entityGeometries()[0], 36, !context.inIntro());
-                       messageText = _t('inspector.choose');
-                   }
-                   list.call(drawList, results);
-                   message.text(messageText);
+           noteSaveEnter.append('h4').attr('class', '.note-save-header').html(function () {
+             return _note.isNew() ? _t.html('note.newDescription') : _t.html('note.newComment');
+           });
+           var commentTextarea = noteSaveEnter.append('textarea').attr('class', 'new-comment-input').attr('placeholder', _t('note.inputPlaceholder')).attr('maxlength', 1000).property('value', function (d) {
+             return d.newComment;
+           }).call(utilNoAuto).on('keydown.note-input', keydown).on('input.note-input', changeInput).on('blur.note-input', changeInput);
+
+           if (!commentTextarea.empty() && _newNote) {
+             // autofocus the comment field for new notes
+             commentTextarea.node().focus();
+           } // update
+
+
+           noteSave = noteSaveEnter.merge(noteSave).call(userDetails).call(noteSaveButtons); // fast submit if user presses cmd+enter
+
+           function keydown(d3_event) {
+             if (!(d3_event.keyCode === 13 && // ↩ Return
+             d3_event.metaKey)) return;
+             var osm = services.osm;
+             if (!osm) return;
+             var hasAuth = osm.authenticated();
+             if (!hasAuth) return;
+             if (!_note.newComment) return;
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             select(this).on('keydown.note-input', null); // focus on button and submit
+
+             window.setTimeout(function () {
+               if (_note.isNew()) {
+                 noteSave.selectAll('.save-button').node().focus();
+                 clickSave();
+               } else {
+                 noteSave.selectAll('.comment-button').node().focus();
+                 clickComment();
                }
+             }, 10);
+           }
 
-               var searchWrap = selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'search-header');
-
-               var search = searchWrap
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('class', 'preset-search-input')
-                   .attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.search'))
-                   .attr('type', 'search')
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .on('keydown', initialKeydown)
-                   .on('keypress', keypress)
-                   .on('input', inputevent);
+           function changeInput() {
+             var input = select(this);
+             var val = input.property('value').trim() || undefined; // store the unsaved comment with the note itself
 
-               searchWrap
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-search', 'pre-text'));
+             _note = _note.update({
+               newComment: val
+             });
+             var osm = services.osm;
 
-               if (_autofocus) {
-                   search.node().focus();
-               }
+             if (osm) {
+               osm.replaceNote(_note); // update note cache
+             }
 
-               var listWrap = selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'inspector-body');
+             noteSave.call(noteSaveButtons);
+           }
+         }
 
-               var list = listWrap
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'preset-list')
-                   .call(drawList, _mainPresetIndex.defaults(entityGeometries()[0], 36, !context.inIntro()));
+         function userDetails(selection) {
+           var detailSection = selection.selectAll('.detail-section').data([0]);
+           detailSection = detailSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'detail-section').merge(detailSection);
+           var osm = services.osm;
+           if (!osm) return; // Add warning if user is not logged in
 
-               context.features().on('change.preset-list', updateForFeatureHiddenState);
-           }
+           var hasAuth = osm.authenticated();
+           var authWarning = detailSection.selectAll('.auth-warning').data(hasAuth ? [] : [0]);
+           authWarning.exit().transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 0).remove();
+           var authEnter = authWarning.enter().insert('div', '.tag-reference-body').attr('class', 'field-warning auth-warning').style('opacity', 0);
+           authEnter.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'inline'));
+           authEnter.append('span').call(_t.append('note.login'));
+           authEnter.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).append('span').call(_t.append('login')).on('click.note-login', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             osm.authenticate();
+           });
+           authEnter.transition().duration(200).style('opacity', 1);
+           var prose = detailSection.selectAll('.note-save-prose').data(hasAuth ? [0] : []);
+           prose.exit().remove();
+           prose = prose.enter().append('p').attr('class', 'note-save-prose').call(_t.append('note.upload_explanation')).merge(prose);
+           osm.userDetails(function (err, user) {
+             if (err) return;
+             var userLink = select(document.createElement('div'));
 
+             if (user.image_url) {
+               userLink.append('img').attr('src', user.image_url).attr('class', 'icon pre-text user-icon');
+             }
 
-           function drawList(list, presets) {
-               presets = presets.matchAllGeometry(entityGeometries());
-               var collection = presets.collection.reduce(function(collection, preset) {
-                   if (!preset) return collection;
+             userLink.append('a').attr('class', 'user-info').text(user.display_name).attr('href', osm.userURL(user.display_name)).attr('target', '_blank');
+             prose.html(_t.html('note.upload_explanation_with_user', {
+               user: {
+                 html: userLink.html()
+               }
+             }));
+           });
+         }
 
-                   if (preset.members) {
-                       if (preset.members.collection.filter(function(preset) {
-                           return preset.addable();
-                       }).length > 1) {
-                           collection.push(CategoryItem(preset));
-                       }
-                   } else if (preset.addable()) {
-                       collection.push(PresetItem(preset));
-                   }
-                   return collection;
-               }, []);
+         function noteSaveButtons(selection) {
+           var osm = services.osm;
+           var hasAuth = osm && osm.authenticated();
 
-               var items = list.selectAll('.preset-list-item')
-                   .data(collection, function(d) { return d.preset.id; });
+           var isSelected = _note && _note.id === context.selectedNoteID();
 
-               items.order();
+           var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons').data(isSelected ? [_note] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.status + d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-               items.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           buttonSection.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-               items.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', function(item) { return 'preset-list-item preset-' + item.preset.id.replace('/', '-'); })
-                   .classed('current', function(item) { return _currentPresets.indexOf(item.preset) !== -1; })
-                   .each(function(item) { select(this).call(item); })
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .transition()
-                   .style('opacity', 1);
-
-               updateForFeatureHiddenState();
-           }
-
-           function itemKeydown(){
-               // the actively focused item
-               var item = select(this.closest('.preset-list-item'));
-               var parentItem = select(item.node().parentNode.closest('.preset-list-item'));
-
-               // arrow down, move focus to the next, lower item
-               if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['↓']) {
-                   event.preventDefault();
-                   event.stopPropagation();
-                   // the next item in the list at the same level
-                   var nextItem = select(item.node().nextElementSibling);
-                   // if there is no next item in this list
-                   if (nextItem.empty()) {
-                       // if there is a parent item
-                       if (!parentItem.empty()) {
-                           // the item is the last item of a sublist,
-                           // select the next item at the parent level
-                           nextItem = select(parentItem.node().nextElementSibling);
-                       }
-                   // if the focused item is expanded
-                   } else if (select(this).classed('expanded')) {
-                       // select the first subitem instead
-                       nextItem = item.select('.subgrid .preset-list-item:first-child');
-                   }
-                   if (!nextItem.empty()) {
-                       // focus on the next item
-                       nextItem.select('.preset-list-button').node().focus();
-                   }
+           var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'buttons');
 
-               // arrow up, move focus to the previous, higher item
-               } else if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['↑']) {
-                   event.preventDefault();
-                   event.stopPropagation();
-                   // the previous item in the list at the same level
-                   var previousItem = select(item.node().previousElementSibling);
-
-                   // if there is no previous item in this list
-                   if (previousItem.empty()) {
-                       // if there is a parent item
-                       if (!parentItem.empty()) {
-                           // the item is the first subitem of a sublist select the parent item
-                           previousItem = parentItem;
-                       }
-                   // if the previous item is expanded
-                   } else if (previousItem.select('.preset-list-button').classed('expanded')) {
-                       // select the last subitem of the sublist of the previous item
-                       previousItem = previousItem.select('.subgrid .preset-list-item:last-child');
-                   }
+           if (_note.isNew()) {
+             buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button cancel-button secondary-action').call(_t.append('confirm.cancel'));
+             buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button save-button action').call(_t.append('note.save'));
+           } else {
+             buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button status-button action');
+             buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button comment-button action').call(_t.append('note.comment'));
+           } // update
 
-                   if (!previousItem.empty()) {
-                       // focus on the previous item
-                       previousItem.select('.preset-list-button').node().focus();
-                   } else {
-                       // the focus is at the top of the list, move focus back to the search field
-                       var search = select(this.closest('.preset-list-pane')).select('.preset-search-input');
-                       search.node().focus();
-                   }
 
-               // arrow left, move focus to the parent item if there is one
-               } else if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '→' : '←']) {
-                   event.preventDefault();
-                   event.stopPropagation();
-                   // if there is a parent item, focus on the parent item
-                   if (!parentItem.empty()) {
-                       parentItem.select('.preset-list-button').node().focus();
-                   }
+           buttonSection = buttonSection.merge(buttonEnter);
+           buttonSection.select('.cancel-button') // select and propagate data
+           .on('click.cancel', clickCancel);
+           buttonSection.select('.save-button') // select and propagate data
+           .attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled).on('click.save', clickSave);
+           buttonSection.select('.status-button') // select and propagate data
+           .attr('disabled', hasAuth ? null : true).html(function (d) {
+             var action = d.status === 'open' ? 'close' : 'open';
+             var andComment = d.newComment ? '_comment' : '';
+             return _t.html('note.' + action + andComment);
+           }).on('click.status', clickStatus);
+           buttonSection.select('.comment-button') // select and propagate data
+           .attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled).on('click.comment', clickComment);
 
-               // arrow right, choose this item
-               } else if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '←' : '→']) {
-                   event.preventDefault();
-                   event.stopPropagation();
-                   item.datum().choose.call(select(this).node());
-               }
+           function isSaveDisabled(d) {
+             return hasAuth && d.status === 'open' && d.newComment ? null : true;
            }
+         }
 
+         function clickCancel(d3_event, d) {
+           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-           function CategoryItem(preset) {
-               var box, sublist, shown = false;
+           var osm = services.osm;
 
-               function item(selection) {
-                   var wrap = selection.append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'preset-list-button-wrap category');
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.removeNote(d);
+           }
 
-                   function click() {
-                       var isExpanded = select(this).classed('expanded');
-                       var iconName = isExpanded ?
-                           (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward') : '#iD-icon-down';
-                       select(this)
-                           .classed('expanded', !isExpanded);
-                       select(this).selectAll('div.label-inner svg.icon use')
-                           .attr('href', iconName);
-                       item.choose();
-                   }
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           dispatch.call('change');
+         }
 
-                   var geometries = entityGeometries();
+         function clickSave(d3_event, d) {
+           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-                   var button = wrap
-                       .append('button')
-                       .attr('class', 'preset-list-button')
-                       .classed('expanded', false)
-                       .call(uiPresetIcon()
-                           .geometry(geometries.length === 1 && geometries[0])
-                           .preset(preset))
-                       .on('click', click)
-                       .on('keydown', function() {
-                           // right arrow, expand the focused item
-                           if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '←' : '→']) {
-                               event.preventDefault();
-                               event.stopPropagation();
-                               // if the item isn't expanded
-                               if (!select(this).classed('expanded')) {
-                                   // toggle expansion (expand the item)
-                                   click.call(this);
-                               }
-                           // left arrow, collapse the focused item
-                           } else if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '→' : '←']) {
-                               event.preventDefault();
-                               event.stopPropagation();
-                               // if the item is expanded
-                               if (select(this).classed('expanded')) {
-                                   // toggle expansion (collapse the item)
-                                   click.call(this);
-                               }
-                           } else {
-                               itemKeydown.call(this);
-                           }
-                       });
+           var osm = services.osm;
 
-                   var label = button
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'label')
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'label-inner');
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.postNoteCreate(d, function (err, note) {
+               dispatch.call('change', note);
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-                   label
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'namepart')
-                       .call(svgIcon((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward'), 'inline'))
-                       .append('span')
-                       .html(function() { return preset.name() + '&hellip;'; });
+         function clickStatus(d3_event, d) {
+           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-                   box = selection.append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'subgrid')
-                       .style('max-height', '0px')
-                       .style('opacity', 0);
+           var osm = services.osm;
 
-                   box.append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'arrow');
+           if (osm) {
+             var setStatus = d.status === 'open' ? 'closed' : 'open';
+             osm.postNoteUpdate(d, setStatus, function (err, note) {
+               dispatch.call('change', note);
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-                   sublist = box.append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'preset-list fillL3');
-               }
+         function clickComment(d3_event, d) {
+           this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
+           var osm = services.osm;
 
-               item.choose = function() {
-                   if (!box || !sublist) return;
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.postNoteUpdate(d, d.status, function (err, note) {
+               dispatch.call('change', note);
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-                   if (shown) {
-                       shown = false;
-                       box.transition()
-                           .duration(200)
-                           .style('opacity', '0')
-                           .style('max-height', '0px')
-                           .style('padding-bottom', '0px');
-                   } else {
-                       shown = true;
-                       var members = preset.members.matchAllGeometry(entityGeometries());
-                       sublist.call(drawList, members);
-                       box.transition()
-                           .duration(200)
-                           .style('opacity', '1')
-                           .style('max-height', 200 + members.collection.length * 190 + 'px')
-                           .style('padding-bottom', '10px');
-                   }
-               };
+         noteEditor.note = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _note;
+           _note = val;
+           return noteEditor;
+         };
 
-               item.preset = preset;
-               return item;
-           }
+         noteEditor.newNote = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _newNote;
+           _newNote = val;
+           return noteEditor;
+         };
 
+         return utilRebind(noteEditor, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-           function PresetItem(preset) {
-               function item(selection) {
-                   var wrap = selection.append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'preset-list-button-wrap');
+       function uiSourceSwitch(context) {
+         var keys;
 
-                   var geometries = entityGeometries();
+         function click(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           if (!osm) return;
+           if (context.inIntro()) return;
+           if (context.history().hasChanges() && !window.confirm(_t('source_switch.lose_changes'))) return;
+           var isLive = select(this).classed('live');
+           isLive = !isLive;
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           context.history().clearSaved(); // remove saved history
 
-                   var button = wrap.append('button')
-                       .attr('class', 'preset-list-button')
-                       .call(uiPresetIcon()
-                           .geometry(geometries.length === 1 && geometries[0])
-                           .preset(preset))
-                       .on('click', item.choose)
-                       .on('keydown', itemKeydown);
+           context.flush(); // remove stored data
 
-                   var label = button
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'label')
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'label-inner');
+           select(this).html(isLive ? _t.html('source_switch.live') : _t.html('source_switch.dev')).classed('live', isLive).classed('chip', isLive);
+           osm["switch"](isLive ? keys[0] : keys[1]); // switch connection (warning: dispatches 'change' event)
+         }
 
-                   // NOTE: split/join on en-dash, not a hypen (to avoid conflict with fr - nl names in Brussels etc)
-                   label.selectAll('.namepart')
-                       .data(preset.name().split(' – '))
-                       .enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'namepart')
-                       .text(function(d) { return d; });
+         var sourceSwitch = function sourceSwitch(selection) {
+           selection.append('a').attr('href', '#').call(_t.append('source_switch.live')).attr('class', 'live chip').on('click', click);
+         };
 
-                   wrap.call(item.reference.button);
-                   selection.call(item.reference.body);
-               }
+         sourceSwitch.keys = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return keys;
+           keys = _;
+           return sourceSwitch;
+         };
 
-               item.choose = function() {
-                   if (select(this).classed('disabled')) return;
-                   if (!context.inIntro()) {
-                       _mainPresetIndex.setMostRecent(preset, entityGeometries()[0]);
-                   }
-                   context.perform(
-                       function(graph) {
-                           for (var i in _entityIDs) {
-                               var entityID = _entityIDs[i];
-                               var oldPreset = _mainPresetIndex.match(graph.entity(entityID), graph);
-                               graph = actionChangePreset(entityID, oldPreset, preset)(graph);
-                           }
-                           return graph;
-                       },
-                       _t('operations.change_tags.annotation')
-                   );
+         return sourceSwitch;
+       }
 
-                   context.validator().validate();  // rerun validation
-                   dispatch$1.call('choose', this, preset);
-               };
+       function uiSpinner(context) {
+         var osm = context.connection();
+         return function (selection) {
+           var img = selection.append('img').attr('src', context.imagePath('loader-black.gif')).style('opacity', 0);
+
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.on('loading.spinner', function () {
+               img.transition().style('opacity', 1);
+             }).on('loaded.spinner', function () {
+               img.transition().style('opacity', 0);
+             });
+           }
+         };
+       }
 
-               item.help = function() {
-                   event.stopPropagation();
-                   item.reference.toggle();
-               };
+       function uiSectionPrivacy(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('preferences-third-party', context).label(_t.html('preferences.privacy.title')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
 
-               item.preset = preset;
-               item.reference = uiTagReference(preset.reference(entityGeometries()[0]));
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           // enter
+           selection.selectAll('.privacy-options-list').data([0]).enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list privacy-options-list');
+           var thirdPartyIconsEnter = selection.select('.privacy-options-list').selectAll('.privacy-third-party-icons-item').data([corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons') || 'true']).enter().append('li').attr('class', 'privacy-third-party-icons-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('preferences.privacy.third_party_icons.tooltip')).placement('bottom'));
+           thirdPartyIconsEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons', d === 'true' ? 'false' : 'true');
+           });
+           thirdPartyIconsEnter.append('span').call(_t.append('preferences.privacy.third_party_icons.description')); // update
 
-               return item;
-           }
+           selection.selectAll('.privacy-third-party-icons-item').classed('active', function (d) {
+             return d === 'true';
+           }).select('input').property('checked', function (d) {
+             return d === 'true';
+           }); // Privacy Policy link
 
+           selection.selectAll('.privacy-link').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'privacy-link').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/release/PRIVACY.md').append('span').call(_t.append('preferences.privacy.privacy_link'));
+         }
 
-           function updateForFeatureHiddenState() {
-               if (!_entityIDs.every(context.hasEntity)) return;
+         corePreferences.onChange('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons', section.reRender);
+         return section;
+       }
 
-               var geometries = entityGeometries();
-               var button = context.container().selectAll('.preset-list .preset-list-button');
+       function uiSplash(context) {
+         return function (selection) {
+           // Exception - if there are restorable changes, skip this splash screen.
+           // This is because we currently only support one `uiModal` at a time
+           //  and we need to show them `uiRestore`` instead of this one.
+           if (context.history().hasRestorableChanges()) return; // If user has not seen this version of the privacy policy, show the splash again.
 
-               // remove existing tooltips
-               button.call(uiTooltip().destroyAny);
+           var updateMessage = '';
+           var sawPrivacyVersion = corePreferences('sawPrivacyVersion');
+           var showSplash = !corePreferences('sawSplash');
 
-               button.each(function(item, index) {
-                   var hiddenPresetFeaturesId;
-                   for (var i in geometries) {
-                       hiddenPresetFeaturesId = context.features().isHiddenPreset(item.preset, geometries[i]);
-                       if (hiddenPresetFeaturesId) break;
-                   }
-                   var isHiddenPreset = !context.inIntro() &&
-                       !!hiddenPresetFeaturesId &&
-                       (_currentPresets.length !== 1 || item.preset !== _currentPresets[0]);
-
-                   select(this)
-                       .classed('disabled', isHiddenPreset);
-
-                   if (isHiddenPreset) {
-                       var isAutoHidden = context.features().autoHidden(hiddenPresetFeaturesId);
-                       var tooltipIdSuffix = isAutoHidden ? 'zoom' : 'manual';
-                       var tooltipObj = { features: _t('feature.' + hiddenPresetFeaturesId + '.description') };
-                       select(this).call(uiTooltip()
-                           .title(_t('inspector.hidden_preset.' + tooltipIdSuffix, tooltipObj))
-                           .placement(index < 2 ? 'bottom' : 'top')
-                       );
-                   }
-               });
+           if (sawPrivacyVersion !== context.privacyVersion) {
+             updateMessage = _t('splash.privacy_update');
+             showSplash = true;
            }
 
-           presetList.autofocus = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _autofocus;
-               _autofocus = val;
-               return presetList;
-           };
+           if (!showSplash) return;
+           corePreferences('sawSplash', true);
+           corePreferences('sawPrivacyVersion', context.privacyVersion); // fetch intro graph data now, while user is looking at the splash screen
 
-           presetList.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-               _entityIDs = val;
-               if (_entityIDs && _entityIDs.length) {
-                   var presets = _entityIDs.map(function(entityID) {
-                       return _mainPresetIndex.match(context.entity(entityID), context.graph());
-                   });
-                   presetList.presets(presets);
-               }
-               return presetList;
-           };
+           _mainFileFetcher.get('intro_graph');
+           var modalSelection = uiModal(selection);
+           modalSelection.select('.modal').attr('class', 'modal-splash modal');
+           var introModal = modalSelection.select('.content').append('div').attr('class', 'fillL');
+           introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section').append('h3').call(_t.append('splash.welcome'));
+           var modalSection = introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section');
+           modalSection.append('p').html(_t.html('splash.text', {
+             version: context.version,
+             website: {
+               html: '<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/develop/CHANGELOG.md#whats-new">changelog</a>'
+             },
+             github: {
+               html: '<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues">github.com</a>'
+             }
+           }));
+           modalSection.append('p').html(_t.html('splash.privacy', {
+             updateMessage: updateMessage,
+             privacyLink: {
+               html: '<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/release/PRIVACY.md">' + _t('splash.privacy_policy') + '</a>'
+             }
+           }));
+           uiSectionPrivacy(context).label(_t.html('splash.privacy_settings')).render(modalSection);
+           var buttonWrap = introModal.append('div').attr('class', 'modal-actions');
+           var walkthrough = buttonWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'walkthrough').on('click', function () {
+             context.container().call(uiIntro(context));
+             modalSelection.close();
+           });
+           walkthrough.append('svg').attr('class', 'logo logo-walkthrough').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');
+           walkthrough.append('div').call(_t.append('splash.walkthrough'));
+           var startEditing = buttonWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'start-editing').on('click', modalSelection.close);
+           startEditing.append('svg').attr('class', 'logo logo-features').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-features');
+           startEditing.append('div').call(_t.append('splash.start'));
+           modalSelection.select('button.close').attr('class', 'hide');
+         };
+       }
 
-           presetList.presets = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _currentPresets;
-               _currentPresets = val;
-               return presetList;
-           };
+       function uiStatus(context) {
+         var osm = context.connection();
+         return function (selection) {
+           if (!osm) return;
 
-           function entityGeometries() {
+           function update(err, apiStatus) {
+             selection.html('');
 
-               var counts = {};
+             if (err) {
+               if (apiStatus === 'connectionSwitched') {
+                 // if the connection was just switched, we can't rely on
+                 // the status (we're getting the status of the previous api)
+                 return;
+               } else if (apiStatus === 'rateLimited') {
+                 selection.call(_t.append('osm_api_status.message.rateLimit')).append('a').attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'api-status-login').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).append('span').call(_t.append('login')).on('click.login', function (d3_event) {
+                   d3_event.preventDefault();
+                   osm.authenticate();
+                 });
+               } else {
+                 // don't allow retrying too rapidly
+                 var throttledRetry = throttle(function () {
+                   // try loading the visible tiles
+                   context.loadTiles(context.projection); // manually reload the status too in case all visible tiles were already loaded
 
-               for (var i in _entityIDs) {
-                   var entityID = _entityIDs[i];
-                   var entity = context.entity(entityID);
-                   var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
+                   osm.reloadApiStatus();
+                 }, 2000); // eslint-disable-next-line no-warning-comments
+                 // TODO: nice messages for different error types
 
-                   // Treat entities on addr:interpolation lines as points, not vertices (#3241)
-                   if (geometry === 'vertex' && entity.isOnAddressLine(context.graph())) {
-                       geometry = 'point';
-                   }
 
-                   if (!counts[geometry]) counts[geometry] = 0;
-                   counts[geometry] += 1;
+                 selection.call(_t.append('osm_api_status.message.error', {
+                   suffix: ' '
+                 })).append('a').attr('href', '#') // let the user manually retry their connection directly
+                 .call(_t.append('osm_api_status.retry')).on('click.retry', function (d3_event) {
+                   d3_event.preventDefault();
+                   throttledRetry();
+                 });
                }
+             } else if (apiStatus === 'readonly') {
+               selection.call(_t.append('osm_api_status.message.readonly'));
+             } else if (apiStatus === 'offline') {
+               selection.call(_t.append('osm_api_status.message.offline'));
+             }
 
-               return Object.keys(counts).sort(function(geom1, geom2) {
-                   return counts[geom2] - counts[geom1];
-               });
+             selection.attr('class', 'api-status ' + (err ? 'error' : apiStatus));
            }
 
-           function combinedEntityExtent() {
-               return _entityIDs.reduce(function(extent, entityID) {
-                   var entity = context.graph().entity(entityID);
-                   return extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
-               }, geoExtent());
-           }
+           osm.on('apiStatusChange.uiStatus', update);
+           context.history().on('storage_error', function () {
+             selection.selectAll('span.local-storage-full').remove();
+             selection.append('span').attr('class', 'local-storage-full').call(_t.append('osm_api_status.message.local_storage_full'));
+             selection.classed('error', true);
+           }); // reload the status periodically regardless of other factors
 
-           return utilRebind(presetList, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           window.setInterval(function () {
+             osm.reloadApiStatus();
+           }, 90000); // load the initial status in case no OSM data was loaded yet
 
-       function uiInspector(context) {
-           var presetList = uiPresetList(context);
-           var entityEditor = uiEntityEditor(context);
-           var wrap = select(null),
-               presetPane = select(null),
-               editorPane = select(null);
-           var _state = 'select';
-           var _entityIDs;
-           var _newFeature = false;
-
-
-           function inspector(selection) {
-               presetList
-                   .entityIDs(_entityIDs)
-                   .autofocus(_newFeature)
-                   .on('choose', inspector.setPreset)
-                   .on('cancel', function() {
-                       wrap.transition()
-                           .styleTween('right', function() { return interpolate('-100%', '0%'); });
-                       editorPane.call(entityEditor);
-                   });
+           osm.reloadApiStatus();
+         };
+       }
 
-               entityEditor
-                   .state(_state)
-                   .entityIDs(_entityIDs)
-                   .on('choose', inspector.showList);
+       // for punction see https://stackoverflow.com/a/21224179
 
-               wrap = selection.selectAll('.panewrap')
-                   .data([0]);
+       function simplify(str) {
+         if (typeof str !== 'string') return '';
+         return diacritics.remove(str.replace(/&/g, 'and').replace(/İ/ig, 'i').replace(/[\s\-=_!"#%'*{},.\/:;?\(\)\[\]@\\$\^*+<>«»~`’\u00a1\u00a7\u00b6\u00b7\u00bf\u037e\u0387\u055a-\u055f\u0589\u05c0\u05c3\u05c6\u05f3\u05f4\u0609\u060a\u060c\u060d\u061b\u061e\u061f\u066a-\u066d\u06d4\u0700-\u070d\u07f7-\u07f9\u0830-\u083e\u085e\u0964\u0965\u0970\u0af0\u0df4\u0e4f\u0e5a\u0e5b\u0f04-\u0f12\u0f14\u0f85\u0fd0-\u0fd4\u0fd9\u0fda\u104a-\u104f\u10fb\u1360-\u1368\u166d\u166e\u16eb-\u16ed\u1735\u1736\u17d4-\u17d6\u17d8-\u17da\u1800-\u1805\u1807-\u180a\u1944\u1945\u1a1e\u1a1f\u1aa0-\u1aa6\u1aa8-\u1aad\u1b5a-\u1b60\u1bfc-\u1bff\u1c3b-\u1c3f\u1c7e\u1c7f\u1cc0-\u1cc7\u1cd3\u200b-\u200f\u2016\u2017\u2020-\u2027\u2030-\u2038\u203b-\u203e\u2041-\u2043\u2047-\u2051\u2053\u2055-\u205e\u2cf9-\u2cfc\u2cfe\u2cff\u2d70\u2e00\u2e01\u2e06-\u2e08\u2e0b\u2e0e-\u2e16\u2e18\u2e19\u2e1b\u2e1e\u2e1f\u2e2a-\u2e2e\u2e30-\u2e39\u3001-\u3003\u303d\u30fb\ua4fe\ua4ff\ua60d-\ua60f\ua673\ua67e\ua6f2-\ua6f7\ua874-\ua877\ua8ce\ua8cf\ua8f8-\ua8fa\ua92e\ua92f\ua95f\ua9c1-\ua9cd\ua9de\ua9df\uaa5c-\uaa5f\uaade\uaadf\uaaf0\uaaf1\uabeb\ufe10-\ufe16\ufe19\ufe30\ufe45\ufe46\ufe49-\ufe4c\ufe50-\ufe52\ufe54-\ufe57\ufe5f-\ufe61\ufe68\ufe6a\ufe6b\ufeff\uff01-\uff03\uff05-\uff07\uff0a\uff0c\uff0e\uff0f\uff1a\uff1b\uff1f\uff20\uff3c\uff61\uff64\uff65]+/g, '').toLowerCase());
+       }
 
-               var enter = wrap.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'panewrap');
+       // `resolveStrings`
+       // Resolves the text strings for a given community index item
+       //
+       // Arguments
+       //   `item`:  Object containing the community index item
+       //   `defaults`: Object containing the community index default strings
+       //   `localizerFn?`: optional function we will call to do the localization.
+       //      This function should be like the iD `t()` function that
+       //      accepts a `stringID` and returns a localized string
+       //
+       // Returns
+       //   An Object containing all the resolved strings:
+       //   {
+       //     name:                     'talk-ru Mailing List',
+       //     url:                      'https://lists.openstreetmap.org/listinfo/talk-ru',
+       //     signupUrl:                'https://example.url/signup',
+       //     description:              'A one line description',
+       //     extendedDescription:      'Extended description',
+       //     nameHTML:                 '<a href="the url">the name</a>',
+       //     urlHTML:                  '<a href="the url">the url</a>',
+       //     signupUrlHTML:            '<a href="the signupUrl">the signupUrl</a>',
+       //     descriptionHTML:          the description, with urls and signupUrls linkified,
+       //     extendedDescriptionHTML:  the extendedDescription with urls and signupUrls linkified
+       //   }
+       //
 
-               enter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'preset-list-pane pane');
+       function resolveStrings(item, defaults, localizerFn) {
+         var itemStrings = Object.assign({}, item.strings); // shallow clone
 
-               enter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'entity-editor-pane pane');
+         var defaultStrings = Object.assign({}, defaults[item.type]); // shallow clone
 
-               wrap = wrap.merge(enter);
-               presetPane = wrap.selectAll('.preset-list-pane');
-               editorPane = wrap.selectAll('.entity-editor-pane');
+         var anyToken = new RegExp(/(\{\w+\})/, 'gi'); // Pre-localize the item and default strings
 
-               function shouldDefaultToPresetList() {
-                   // always show the inspector on hover
-                   if (_state !== 'select') return false;
+         if (localizerFn) {
+           if (itemStrings.community) {
+             var communityID = simplify(itemStrings.community);
+             itemStrings.community = localizerFn("_communities.".concat(communityID));
+           }
 
-                   // can only change preset on single selection
-                   if (_entityIDs.length !== 1) return false;
+           ['name', 'description', 'extendedDescription'].forEach(function (prop) {
+             if (defaultStrings[prop]) defaultStrings[prop] = localizerFn("_defaults.".concat(item.type, ".").concat(prop));
+             if (itemStrings[prop]) itemStrings[prop] = localizerFn("".concat(item.id, ".").concat(prop));
+           });
+         }
 
-                   var entityID = _entityIDs[0];
-                   var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
-                   if (!entity) return false;
+         var replacements = {
+           account: item.account,
+           community: itemStrings.community,
+           signupUrl: itemStrings.signupUrl,
+           url: itemStrings.url
+         }; // Resolve URLs first (which may refer to {account})
 
-                   // default to inspector if there are already tags
-                   if (entity.hasNonGeometryTags()) return false;
+         if (!replacements.signupUrl) {
+           replacements.signupUrl = resolve(itemStrings.signupUrl || defaultStrings.signupUrl);
+         }
 
-                   // prompt to select preset if feature is new and untagged
-                   if (_newFeature) return true;
+         if (!replacements.url) {
+           replacements.url = resolve(itemStrings.url || defaultStrings.url);
+         }
 
-                   // all existing features except vertices should default to inspector
-                   if (entity.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex') return false;
+         var resolved = {
+           name: resolve(itemStrings.name || defaultStrings.name),
+           url: resolve(itemStrings.url || defaultStrings.url),
+           signupUrl: resolve(itemStrings.signupUrl || defaultStrings.signupUrl),
+           description: resolve(itemStrings.description || defaultStrings.description),
+           extendedDescription: resolve(itemStrings.extendedDescription || defaultStrings.extendedDescription)
+         }; // Generate linkified strings
 
-                   // show vertex relations if any
-                   if (context.graph().parentRelations(entity).length) return false;
+         resolved.nameHTML = linkify(resolved.url, resolved.name);
+         resolved.urlHTML = linkify(resolved.url);
+         resolved.signupUrlHTML = linkify(resolved.signupUrl);
+         resolved.descriptionHTML = resolve(itemStrings.description || defaultStrings.description, true);
+         resolved.extendedDescriptionHTML = resolve(itemStrings.extendedDescription || defaultStrings.extendedDescription, true);
+         return resolved;
 
-                   // show vertex issues if there are any
-                   if (context.validator().getEntityIssues(entityID).length) return false;
+         function resolve(s, addLinks) {
+           if (!s) return undefined;
+           var result = s;
 
-                   // show turn retriction editor for junction vertices
-                   if (entity.isHighwayIntersection(context.graph())) return false;
+           for (var key in replacements) {
+             var token = "{".concat(key, "}");
+             var regex = new RegExp(token, 'g');
 
-                   // otherwise show preset list for uninteresting vertices
-                   return true;
-               }
+             if (regex.test(result)) {
+               var replacement = replacements[key];
 
-               if (shouldDefaultToPresetList()) {
-                   wrap.style('right', '-100%');
-                   presetPane.call(presetList);
+               if (!replacement) {
+                 throw new Error("Cannot resolve token: ".concat(token));
                } else {
-                   wrap.style('right', '0%');
-                   editorPane.call(entityEditor);
-               }
-
-               var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer')
-                   .data([0]);
-
-               footer = footer.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'footer')
-                   .merge(footer);
+                 if (addLinks && (key === 'signupUrl' || key === 'url')) {
+                   replacement = linkify(replacement);
+                 }
 
-               footer
-                   .call(uiViewOnOSM(context)
-                       .what(context.hasEntity(_entityIDs.length === 1 && _entityIDs[0]))
-                   );
-           }
+                 result = result.replace(regex, replacement);
+               }
+             }
+           } // There shouldn't be any leftover tokens in a resolved string
 
-           inspector.showList = function(presets) {
 
-               wrap.transition()
-                   .styleTween('right', function() { return interpolate('0%', '-100%'); });
+           var leftovers = result.match(anyToken);
 
-               if (presets) {
-                   presetList.presets(presets);
-               }
+           if (leftovers) {
+             throw new Error("Cannot resolve tokens: ".concat(leftovers));
+           } // Linkify subreddits like `/r/openstreetmap`
+           // https://github.com/osmlab/osm-community-index/issues/82
+           // https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/4997
 
-               presetPane
-                   .call(presetList.autofocus(true));
-           };
 
-           inspector.setPreset = function(preset) {
+           if (addLinks && item.type === 'reddit') {
+             result = result.replace(/(\/r\/\w+\/*)/i, function (match) {
+               return linkify(resolved.url, match);
+             });
+           }
 
-               // upon setting multipolygon, go to the area preset list instead of the editor
-               if (preset.id === 'type/multipolygon') {
-                   presetPane
-                       .call(presetList.autofocus(true));
+           return result;
+         }
 
-               } else {
-                   wrap.transition()
-                       .styleTween('right', function() { return interpolate('-100%', '0%'); });
+         function linkify(url, text) {
+           if (!url) return undefined;
+           text = text || url;
+           return "<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"".concat(url, "\">").concat(text, "</a>");
+         }
+       }
 
-                   editorPane
-                       .call(entityEditor.presets([preset]));
-               }
+       var _oci = null;
+       function uiSuccess(context) {
+         var MAXEVENTS = 2;
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('cancel');
 
-           };
+         var _changeset;
 
-           inspector.state = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _state;
-               _state = val;
-               entityEditor.state(_state);
+         var _location;
 
-               // remove any old field help overlay that might have gotten attached to the inspector
-               context.container().selectAll('.field-help-body').remove();
+         ensureOSMCommunityIndex(); // start fetching the data
 
-               return inspector;
-           };
+         function ensureOSMCommunityIndex() {
+           var data = _mainFileFetcher;
+           return Promise.all([data.get('oci_features'), data.get('oci_resources'), data.get('oci_defaults')]).then(function (vals) {
+             if (_oci) return _oci; // Merge Custom Features
 
+             if (vals[0] && Array.isArray(vals[0].features)) {
+               _mainLocations.mergeCustomGeoJSON(vals[0]);
+             }
 
-           inspector.entityIDs = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
-               _entityIDs = val;
-               return inspector;
-           };
+             var ociResources = Object.values(vals[1].resources);
 
+             if (ociResources.length) {
+               // Resolve all locationSet features.
+               return _mainLocations.mergeLocationSets(ociResources).then(function () {
+                 _oci = {
+                   resources: ociResources,
+                   defaults: vals[2].defaults
+                 };
+                 return _oci;
+               });
+             } else {
+               _oci = {
+                 resources: [],
+                 // no resources?
+                 defaults: vals[2].defaults
+               };
+               return _oci;
+             }
+           });
+         } // string-to-date parsing in JavaScript is weird
 
-           inspector.newFeature = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _newFeature;
-               _newFeature = val;
-               return inspector;
-           };
 
+         function parseEventDate(when) {
+           if (!when) return;
+           var raw = when.trim();
+           if (!raw) return;
 
-           return inspector;
-       }
+           if (!/Z$/.test(raw)) {
+             // if no trailing 'Z', add one
+             raw += 'Z'; // this forces date to be parsed as a UTC date
+           }
 
-       function uiSidebar(context) {
-           var inspector = uiInspector(context);
-           var dataEditor = uiDataEditor(context);
-           var noteEditor = uiNoteEditor(context);
-           var improveOsmEditor = uiImproveOsmEditor(context);
-           var keepRightEditor = uiKeepRightEditor(context);
-           var osmoseEditor = uiOsmoseEditor(context);
-           var _current;
-           var _wasData = false;
-           var _wasNote = false;
-           var _wasQaItem = false;
-
-           // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
-           var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
-
-
-           function sidebar(selection) {
-               var container = context.container();
-               var minWidth = 240;
-               var sidebarWidth;
-               var containerWidth;
-               var dragOffset;
-
-               // Set the initial width constraints
-               selection
-                   .style('min-width', minWidth + 'px')
-                   .style('max-width', '400px')
-                   .style('width', '33.3333%');
-
-               var resizer = selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'sidebar-resizer')
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.sidebar-resizer', pointerdown);
+           var parsed = new Date(raw);
+           return new Date(parsed.toUTCString().substr(0, 25)); // convert to local timezone
+         }
 
-               var downPointerId, lastClientX, containerLocGetter;
+         function success(selection) {
+           var header = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           header.append('h2').call(_t.append('success.just_edited'));
+           header.append('button').attr('class', 'close').attr('title', _t('icons.close')).on('click', function () {
+             return dispatch.call('cancel');
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           var body = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'body save-success fillL');
+           var summary = body.append('div').attr('class', 'save-summary');
+           summary.append('h3').call(_t.append('success.thank_you' + (_location ? '_location' : ''), {
+             where: _location
+           }));
+           summary.append('p').call(_t.append('success.help_html')).append('a').attr('class', 'link-out').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', _t('success.help_link_url')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).append('span').call(_t.append('success.help_link_text'));
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           if (!osm) return;
+           var changesetURL = osm.changesetURL(_changeset.id);
+           var table = summary.append('table').attr('class', 'summary-table');
+           var row = table.append('tr').attr('class', 'summary-row');
+           row.append('td').attr('class', 'cell-icon summary-icon').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', changesetURL).append('svg').attr('class', 'logo-small').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-osm');
+           var summaryDetail = row.append('td').attr('class', 'cell-detail summary-detail');
+           summaryDetail.append('a').attr('class', 'cell-detail summary-view-on-osm').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', changesetURL).call(_t.append('success.view_on_osm'));
+           summaryDetail.append('div').html(_t.html('success.changeset_id', {
+             changeset_id: {
+               html: "<a href=\"".concat(changesetURL, "\" target=\"_blank\">").concat(_changeset.id, "</a>")
+             }
+           })); // Get OSM community index features intersecting the map..
+
+           ensureOSMCommunityIndex().then(function (oci) {
+             var loc = context.map().center();
+             var validLocations = _mainLocations.locationsAt(loc); // Gather the communities
+
+             var communities = [];
+             oci.resources.forEach(function (resource) {
+               var area = validLocations[resource.locationSetID];
+               if (!area) return; // Resolve strings
+
+               var localizer = function localizer(stringID) {
+                 return _t.html("community.".concat(stringID));
+               };
 
-               function pointerdown() {
-                   if (downPointerId) return;
+               resource.resolved = resolveStrings(resource, oci.defaults, localizer);
+               communities.push({
+                 area: area,
+                 order: resource.order || 0,
+                 resource: resource
+               });
+             }); // sort communities by feature area ascending, community order descending
 
-                   if ('button' in event && event.button !== 0) return;
+             communities.sort(function (a, b) {
+               return a.area - b.area || b.order - a.order;
+             });
+             body.call(showCommunityLinks, communities.map(function (c) {
+               return c.resource;
+             }));
+           });
+         }
 
-                   downPointerId = event.pointerId || 'mouse';
+         function showCommunityLinks(selection, resources) {
+           var communityLinks = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'save-communityLinks');
+           communityLinks.append('h3').call(_t.append('success.like_osm'));
+           var table = communityLinks.append('table').attr('class', 'community-table');
+           var row = table.selectAll('.community-row').data(resources);
+           var rowEnter = row.enter().append('tr').attr('class', 'community-row');
+           rowEnter.append('td').attr('class', 'cell-icon community-icon').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', function (d) {
+             return d.resolved.url;
+           }).append('svg').attr('class', 'logo-small').append('use').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             return "#community-".concat(d.type);
+           });
+           var communityDetail = rowEnter.append('td').attr('class', 'cell-detail community-detail');
+           communityDetail.each(showCommunityDetails);
+           communityLinks.append('div').attr('class', 'community-missing').call(_t.append('success.missing')).append('a').attr('class', 'link-out').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).attr('href', 'https://github.com/osmlab/osm-community-index/issues').append('span').call(_t.append('success.tell_us'));
+         }
 
-                   lastClientX = event.clientX;
+         function showCommunityDetails(d) {
+           var selection = select(this);
+           var communityID = d.id;
+           selection.append('div').attr('class', 'community-name').html(d.resolved.nameHTML);
+           selection.append('div').attr('class', 'community-description').html(d.resolved.descriptionHTML); // Create an expanding section if any of these are present..
+
+           if (d.resolved.extendedDescriptionHTML || d.languageCodes && d.languageCodes.length) {
+             selection.append('div').call(uiDisclosure(context, "community-more-".concat(d.id), false).expanded(false).updatePreference(false).label(_t.html('success.more')).content(showMore));
+           }
+
+           var nextEvents = (d.events || []).map(function (event) {
+             event.date = parseEventDate(event.when);
+             return event;
+           }).filter(function (event) {
+             // date is valid and future (or today)
+             var t = event.date.getTime();
+             var now = new Date().setHours(0, 0, 0, 0);
+             return !isNaN(t) && t >= now;
+           }).sort(function (a, b) {
+             // sort by date ascending
+             return a.date < b.date ? -1 : a.date > b.date ? 1 : 0;
+           }).slice(0, MAXEVENTS); // limit number of events shown
 
-                   containerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(container.node());
+           if (nextEvents.length) {
+             selection.append('div').call(uiDisclosure(context, "community-events-".concat(d.id), false).expanded(false).updatePreference(false).label(_t.html('success.events')).content(showNextEvents)).select('.hide-toggle').append('span').attr('class', 'badge-text').text(nextEvents.length);
+           }
 
-                   // offset from edge of sidebar-resizer
-                   dragOffset = utilFastMouse(resizer.node())(event)[0] - 1;
+           function showMore(selection) {
+             var more = selection.selectAll('.community-more').data([0]);
+             var moreEnter = more.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'community-more');
 
-                   sidebarWidth = selection.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;
-                   containerWidth = container.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;
-                   var widthPct = (sidebarWidth / containerWidth) * 100;
-                   selection
-                       .style('width', widthPct + '%')    // lock in current width
-                       .style('max-width', '85%');        // but allow larger widths
+             if (d.resolved.extendedDescriptionHTML) {
+               moreEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-extended-description').html(d.resolved.extendedDescriptionHTML);
+             }
 
-                   resizer.classed('dragging', true);
+             if (d.languageCodes && d.languageCodes.length) {
+               var languageList = d.languageCodes.map(function (code) {
+                 return _mainLocalizer.languageName(code);
+               }).join(', ');
+               moreEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-languages').call(_t.append('success.languages', {
+                 languages: languageList
+               }));
+             }
+           }
 
-                   select(window)
-                       .on('touchmove.sidebar-resizer', function() {
-                           // disable page scrolling while resizing on touch input
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                       }, { passive: false })
-                       .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.sidebar-resizer', pointermove)
-                       .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.sidebar-resizer pointercancel.sidebar-resizer', pointerup);
+           function showNextEvents(selection) {
+             var events = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'community-events');
+             var item = events.selectAll('.community-event').data(nextEvents);
+             var itemEnter = item.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'community-event');
+             itemEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-event-name').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', function (d) {
+               return d.url;
+             }).text(function (d) {
+               var name = d.name;
+
+               if (d.i18n && d.id) {
+                 name = _t("community.".concat(communityID, ".events.").concat(d.id, ".name"), {
+                   "default": name
+                 });
                }
 
-               function pointermove() {
+               return name;
+             });
+             itemEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-event-when').text(function (d) {
+               var options = {
+                 weekday: 'short',
+                 day: 'numeric',
+                 month: 'short',
+                 year: 'numeric'
+               };
 
-                   if (downPointerId !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+               if (d.date.getHours() || d.date.getMinutes()) {
+                 // include time if it has one
+                 options.hour = 'numeric';
+                 options.minute = 'numeric';
+               }
 
-                   event.preventDefault();
+               return d.date.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
+             });
+             itemEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-event-where').text(function (d) {
+               var where = d.where;
 
-                   var dx = event.clientX - lastClientX;
+               if (d.i18n && d.id) {
+                 where = _t("community.".concat(communityID, ".events.").concat(d.id, ".where"), {
+                   "default": where
+                 });
+               }
 
-                   lastClientX = event.clientX;
+               return where;
+             });
+             itemEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'community-event-description').text(function (d) {
+               var description = d.description;
 
-                   var isRTL = (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl');
-                   var scaleX = isRTL ? 0 : 1;
-                   var xMarginProperty = isRTL ? 'margin-right' : 'margin-left';
+               if (d.i18n && d.id) {
+                 description = _t("community.".concat(communityID, ".events.").concat(d.id, ".description"), {
+                   "default": description
+                 });
+               }
 
-                   var x = containerLocGetter(event)[0] - dragOffset;
-                   sidebarWidth = isRTL ? containerWidth - x : x;
+               return description;
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-                   var isCollapsed = selection.classed('collapsed');
-                   var shouldCollapse = sidebarWidth < minWidth;
+         success.changeset = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _changeset;
+           _changeset = val;
+           return success;
+         };
 
-                   selection.classed('collapsed', shouldCollapse);
+         success.location = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _location;
+           _location = val;
+           return success;
+         };
 
-                   if (shouldCollapse) {
-                       if (!isCollapsed) {
-                           selection
-                               .style(xMarginProperty, '-400px')
-                               .style('width', '400px');
+         return utilRebind(success, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-                           context.ui().onResize([(sidebarWidth - dx) * scaleX, 0]);
-                       }
+       var sawVersion = null;
+       var isNewVersion = false;
+       var isNewUser = false;
+       function uiVersion(context) {
+         var currVersion = context.version;
+         var matchedVersion = currVersion.match(/\d+\.\d+\.\d+.*/);
 
-                   } else {
-                       var widthPct = (sidebarWidth / containerWidth) * 100;
-                       selection
-                           .style(xMarginProperty, null)
-                           .style('width', widthPct + '%');
+         if (sawVersion === null && matchedVersion !== null) {
+           if (corePreferences('sawVersion')) {
+             isNewUser = false;
+             isNewVersion = corePreferences('sawVersion') !== currVersion && currVersion.indexOf('-') === -1;
+           } else {
+             isNewUser = true;
+             isNewVersion = true;
+           }
 
-                       if (isCollapsed) {
-                           context.ui().onResize([-sidebarWidth * scaleX, 0]);
-                       } else {
-                           context.ui().onResize([-dx * scaleX, 0]);
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+           corePreferences('sawVersion', currVersion);
+           sawVersion = currVersion;
+         }
 
-               function pointerup() {
-                   if (downPointerId !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+         return function (selection) {
+           selection.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD').text(currVersion); // only show new version indicator to users that have used iD before
 
-                   downPointerId = null;
+           if (isNewVersion && !isNewUser) {
+             selection.append('a').attr('class', 'badge').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/release/CHANGELOG.md#whats-new').call(svgIcon('#maki-gift-11')).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('version.whats_new', {
+               version: currVersion
+             })).placement('top').scrollContainer(context.container().select('.main-footer-wrap')));
+           }
+         };
+       }
 
-                   resizer.classed('dragging', false);
+       function uiZoom(context) {
+         var zooms = [{
+           id: 'zoom-in',
+           icon: 'iD-icon-plus',
+           title: _t.html('zoom.in'),
+           action: zoomIn,
+           disabled: function disabled() {
+             return !context.map().canZoomIn();
+           },
+           disabledTitle: _t.html('zoom.disabled.in'),
+           key: '+'
+         }, {
+           id: 'zoom-out',
+           icon: 'iD-icon-minus',
+           title: _t.html('zoom.out'),
+           action: zoomOut,
+           disabled: function disabled() {
+             return !context.map().canZoomOut();
+           },
+           disabledTitle: _t.html('zoom.disabled.out'),
+           key: '-'
+         }];
 
-                   select(window)
-                       .on('touchmove.sidebar-resizer', null)
-                       .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.sidebar-resizer', null)
-                       .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.sidebar-resizer pointercancel.sidebar-resizer', null);
-               }
+         function zoomIn(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.shiftKey) return;
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           context.map().zoomIn();
+         }
 
-               var featureListWrap = selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'feature-list-pane')
-                   .call(uiFeatureList(context));
+         function zoomOut(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.shiftKey) return;
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           context.map().zoomOut();
+         }
 
-               var inspectorWrap = selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'inspector-hidden inspector-wrap');
+         function zoomInFurther(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.shiftKey) return;
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           context.map().zoomInFurther();
+         }
 
-               var hoverModeSelect = function(targets) {
-                   context.container().selectAll('.feature-list-item').classed('hover', false);
+         function zoomOutFurther(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.shiftKey) return;
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           context.map().zoomOutFurther();
+         }
 
-                   if (context.selectedIDs().length > 1 &&
-                       targets && targets.length) {
+         return function (selection) {
+           var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left').title(function (d) {
+             if (d.disabled()) {
+               return d.disabledTitle;
+             }
 
-                       var elements = context.container().selectAll('.feature-list-item')
-                           .filter(function (node) {
-                               return targets.indexOf(node) !== -1;
-                           });
+             return d.title;
+           }).keys(function (d) {
+             return [d.key];
+           });
+           var lastPointerUpType;
+           var buttons = selection.selectAll('button').data(zooms).enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }).on('pointerup.editor', function (d3_event) {
+             lastPointerUpType = d3_event.pointerType;
+           }).on('click.editor', function (d3_event, d) {
+             if (!d.disabled()) {
+               d.action(d3_event);
+             } else if (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
+               context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#' + d.icon).iconClass('disabled').label(d.disabledTitle)();
+             }
+
+             lastPointerUpType = null;
+           }).call(tooltipBehavior);
+           buttons.each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(svgIcon('#' + d.icon, 'light'));
+           });
+           utilKeybinding.plusKeys.forEach(function (key) {
+             context.keybinding().on([key], zoomIn);
+             context.keybinding().on([uiCmd('⌥' + key)], zoomInFurther);
+           });
+           utilKeybinding.minusKeys.forEach(function (key) {
+             context.keybinding().on([key], zoomOut);
+             context.keybinding().on([uiCmd('⌥' + key)], zoomOutFurther);
+           });
 
-                       if (!elements.empty()) {
-                           elements.classed('hover', true);
-                       }
-                   }
-               };
+           function updateButtonStates() {
+             buttons.classed('disabled', function (d) {
+               return d.disabled();
+             }).each(function () {
+               var selection = select(this);
 
-               sidebar.hoverModeSelect = throttle(hoverModeSelect, 200);
+               if (!selection.select('.tooltip.in').empty()) {
+                 selection.call(tooltipBehavior.updateContent);
+               }
+             });
+           }
 
-               function hover(targets) {
-                   var datum = targets && targets.length && targets[0];
-                   if (datum && datum.__featurehash__) {   // hovering on data
-                       _wasData = true;
-                       sidebar
-                           .show(dataEditor.datum(datum));
+           updateButtonStates();
+           context.map().on('move.uiZoom', updateButtonStates);
+         };
+       }
 
-                       selection.selectAll('.sidebar-component')
-                           .classed('inspector-hover', true);
+       function uiSectionRawTagEditor(id, context) {
+         var section = uiSection(id, context).classes('raw-tag-editor').label(function () {
+           var count = Object.keys(_tags).filter(function (d) {
+             return d;
+           }).length;
+           return _t.html('inspector.title_count', {
+             title: {
+               html: _t.html('inspector.tags')
+             },
+             count: count
+           });
+         }).expandedByDefault(false).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+         var taginfo = services.taginfo;
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var availableViews = [{
+           id: 'list',
+           icon: '#fas-th-list'
+         }, {
+           id: 'text',
+           icon: '#fas-i-cursor'
+         }];
 
-                   } else if (datum instanceof osmNote) {
-                       if (context.mode().id === 'drag-note') return;
-                       _wasNote = true;
+         var _tagView = corePreferences('raw-tag-editor-view') || 'list'; // 'list, 'text'
 
-                       var osm = services.osm;
-                       if (osm) {
-                           datum = osm.getNote(datum.id);   // marker may contain stale data - get latest
-                       }
 
-                       sidebar
-                           .show(noteEditor.note(datum));
+         var _readOnlyTags = []; // the keys in the order we want them to display
 
-                       selection.selectAll('.sidebar-component')
-                           .classed('inspector-hover', true);
+         var _orderedKeys = [];
+         var _showBlank = false;
+         var _pendingChange = null;
 
-                   } else if (datum instanceof QAItem) {
-                       _wasQaItem = true;
+         var _state;
 
-                       var errService = services[datum.service];
-                       if (errService) {
-                           // marker may contain stale data - get latest
-                           datum = errService.getError(datum.id);
-                       }
+         var _presets;
 
-                       // Currently only three possible services
-                       var errEditor;
-                       if (datum.service === 'keepRight') {
-                           errEditor = keepRightEditor;
-                       } else if (datum.service === 'osmose') {
-                           errEditor = osmoseEditor;
-                       } else {
-                           errEditor = improveOsmEditor;
-                       }
+         var _tags;
 
-                       context.container().selectAll('.qaItem.' + datum.service)
-                           .classed('hover', function(d) { return d.id === datum.id; });
+         var _entityIDs;
 
-                       sidebar
-                           .show(errEditor.error(datum));
+         var _didInteract = false;
 
-                       selection.selectAll('.sidebar-component')
-                           .classed('inspector-hover', true);
+         function interacted() {
+           _didInteract = true;
+         }
 
-                   } else if (!_current && (datum instanceof osmEntity)) {
-                       featureListWrap
-                           .classed('inspector-hidden', true);
+         function renderDisclosureContent(wrap) {
+           // remove deleted keys
+           _orderedKeys = _orderedKeys.filter(function (key) {
+             return _tags[key] !== undefined;
+           }); // When switching to a different entity or changing the state (hover/select)
+           // reorder the keys alphabetically.
+           // We trigger this by emptying the `_orderedKeys` array, then it will be rebuilt here.
+           // Otherwise leave their order alone - #5857, #5927
 
-                       inspectorWrap
-                           .classed('inspector-hidden', false)
-                           .classed('inspector-hover', true);
+           var all = Object.keys(_tags).sort();
+           var missingKeys = utilArrayDifference(all, _orderedKeys);
 
-                       if (!inspector.entityIDs() || !utilArrayIdentical(inspector.entityIDs(), [datum.id]) || inspector.state() !== 'hover') {
-                           inspector
-                               .state('hover')
-                               .entityIDs([datum.id])
-                               .newFeature(false);
+           for (var i in missingKeys) {
+             _orderedKeys.push(missingKeys[i]);
+           } // assemble row data
 
-                           inspectorWrap
-                               .call(inspector);
-                       }
 
-                   } else if (!_current) {
-                       featureListWrap
-                           .classed('inspector-hidden', false);
-                       inspectorWrap
-                           .classed('inspector-hidden', true);
-                       inspector
-                           .state('hide');
-
-                   } else if (_wasData || _wasNote || _wasQaItem) {
-                       _wasNote = false;
-                       _wasData = false;
-                       _wasQaItem = false;
-                       context.container().selectAll('.note').classed('hover', false);
-                       context.container().selectAll('.qaItem').classed('hover', false);
-                       sidebar.hide();
-                   }
-               }
+           var rowData = _orderedKeys.map(function (key, i) {
+             return {
+               index: i,
+               key: key,
+               value: _tags[key]
+             };
+           }); // append blank row last, if necessary
 
-               sidebar.hover = throttle(hover, 200);
 
+           if (!rowData.length || _showBlank) {
+             _showBlank = false;
+             rowData.push({
+               index: rowData.length,
+               key: '',
+               value: ''
+             });
+           } // View Options
+
+
+           var options = wrap.selectAll('.raw-tag-options').data([0]);
+           options.exit().remove();
+           var optionsEnter = options.enter().insert('div', ':first-child').attr('class', 'raw-tag-options').attr('role', 'tablist');
+           var optionEnter = optionsEnter.selectAll('.raw-tag-option').data(availableViews, function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }).enter();
+           optionEnter.append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'raw-tag-option raw-tag-option-' + d.id + (_tagView === d.id ? ' selected' : '');
+           }).attr('aria-selected', function (d) {
+             return _tagView === d.id;
+           }).attr('role', 'tab').attr('title', function (d) {
+             return _t('icons.' + d.id);
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             _tagView = d.id;
+             corePreferences('raw-tag-editor-view', d.id);
+             wrap.selectAll('.raw-tag-option').classed('selected', function (datum) {
+               return datum === d;
+             }).attr('aria-selected', function (datum) {
+               return datum === d;
+             });
+             wrap.selectAll('.tag-text').classed('hide', d.id !== 'text').each(setTextareaHeight);
+             wrap.selectAll('.tag-list, .add-row').classed('hide', d.id !== 'list');
+           }).each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(svgIcon(d.icon));
+           }); // View as Text
 
-               sidebar.intersects = function(extent) {
-                   var rect = selection.node().getBoundingClientRect();
-                   return extent.intersects([
-                       context.projection.invert([0, rect.height]),
-                       context.projection.invert([rect.width, 0])
-                   ]);
-               };
+           var textData = rowsToText(rowData);
+           var textarea = wrap.selectAll('.tag-text').data([0]);
+           textarea = textarea.enter().append('textarea').attr('class', 'tag-text' + (_tagView !== 'text' ? ' hide' : '')).call(utilNoAuto).attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.key_value')).attr('spellcheck', 'false').merge(textarea);
+           textarea.call(utilGetSetValue, textData).each(setTextareaHeight).on('input', setTextareaHeight).on('focus', interacted).on('blur', textChanged).on('change', textChanged); // View as List
 
+           var list = wrap.selectAll('.tag-list').data([0]);
+           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'tag-list' + (_tagView !== 'list' ? ' hide' : '')).merge(list); // Container for the Add button
 
-               sidebar.select = function(ids, newFeature) {
-                   sidebar.hide();
+           var addRowEnter = wrap.selectAll('.add-row').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'add-row' + (_tagView !== 'list' ? ' hide' : ''));
+           addRowEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'add-tag').attr('aria-label', _t('inspector.add_to_tag')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus', 'light')).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('inspector.add_to_tag')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr' ? 'right' : 'left')).on('click', addTag);
+           addRowEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'space-value'); // preserve space
 
-                   if (ids && ids.length) {
+           addRowEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'space-buttons'); // preserve space
+           // Tag list items
 
-                       var entity = ids.length === 1 && context.entity(ids[0]);
-                       if (entity && newFeature && selection.classed('collapsed')) {
-                           // uncollapse the sidebar
-                           var extent = entity.extent(context.graph());
-                           sidebar.expand(sidebar.intersects(extent));
-                       }
+           var items = list.selectAll('.tag-row').data(rowData, function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           });
+           items.exit().each(unbind).remove(); // Enter
 
-                       featureListWrap
-                           .classed('inspector-hidden', true);
+           var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'tag-row').classed('readonly', isReadOnly);
+           var innerWrap = itemsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'inner-wrap');
+           innerWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'key-wrap').append('input').property('type', 'text').attr('class', 'key').call(utilNoAuto).on('focus', interacted).on('blur', keyChange).on('change', keyChange);
+           innerWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'value-wrap').append('input').property('type', 'text').attr('class', 'value').call(utilNoAuto).on('focus', interacted).on('blur', valueChange).on('change', valueChange).on('keydown.push-more', pushMore);
+           innerWrap.append('button').attr('class', 'form-field-button remove').attr('title', _t('icons.remove')).call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete')); // Update
 
-                       inspectorWrap
-                           .classed('inspector-hidden', false)
-                           .classed('inspector-hover', false);
+           items = items.merge(itemsEnter).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a.index - b.index;
+           });
+           items.each(function (d) {
+             var row = select(this);
+             var key = row.select('input.key'); // propagate bound data
 
-                       if (!inspector.entityIDs() || !utilArrayIdentical(inspector.entityIDs(), ids) || inspector.state() !== 'select') {
-                           inspector
-                               .state('select')
-                               .entityIDs(ids)
-                               .newFeature(newFeature);
+             var value = row.select('input.value'); // propagate bound data
 
-                           inspectorWrap
-                               .call(inspector);
-                       }
+             if (_entityIDs && taginfo && _state !== 'hover') {
+               bindTypeahead(key, value);
+             }
 
-                   } else {
-                       inspector
-                           .state('hide');
-                   }
-               };
+             var referenceOptions = {
+               key: d.key
+             };
 
+             if (typeof d.value === 'string') {
+               referenceOptions.value = d.value;
+             }
 
-               sidebar.showPresetList = function() {
-                   inspector.showList();
-               };
+             var reference = uiTagReference(referenceOptions);
 
+             if (_state === 'hover') {
+               reference.showing(false);
+             }
 
-               sidebar.show = function(component, element) {
-                   featureListWrap
-                       .classed('inspector-hidden', true);
-                   inspectorWrap
-                       .classed('inspector-hidden', true);
+             row.select('.inner-wrap') // propagate bound data
+             .call(reference.button);
+             row.call(reference.body);
+             row.select('button.remove'); // propagate bound data
+           });
+           items.selectAll('input.key').attr('title', function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }).call(utilGetSetValue, function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }).attr('readonly', function (d) {
+             return isReadOnly(d) || null;
+           });
+           items.selectAll('input.value').attr('title', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(d.value) ? d.value.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : d.value;
+           }).classed('mixed', function (d) {
+             return Array.isArray(d.value);
+           }).attr('placeholder', function (d) {
+             return typeof d.value === 'string' ? null : _t('inspector.multiple_values');
+           }).call(utilGetSetValue, function (d) {
+             return typeof d.value === 'string' ? d.value : '';
+           }).attr('readonly', function (d) {
+             return isReadOnly(d) || null;
+           });
+           items.selectAll('button.remove').on(('PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse') + 'down', removeTag); // 'click' fires too late - #5878
+         }
 
-                   if (_current) _current.remove();
-                   _current = selection
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'sidebar-component')
-                       .call(component, element);
-               };
+         function isReadOnly(d) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < _readOnlyTags.length; i++) {
+             if (d.key.match(_readOnlyTags[i]) !== null) {
+               return true;
+             }
+           }
 
+           return false;
+         }
 
-               sidebar.hide = function() {
-                   featureListWrap
-                       .classed('inspector-hidden', false);
-                   inspectorWrap
-                       .classed('inspector-hidden', true);
+         function setTextareaHeight() {
+           if (_tagView !== 'text') return;
+           var selection = select(this);
+           var matches = selection.node().value.match(/\n/g);
+           var lineCount = 2 + Number(matches && matches.length);
+           var lineHeight = 20;
+           selection.style('height', lineCount * lineHeight + 'px');
+         }
 
-                   if (_current) _current.remove();
-                   _current = null;
-               };
+         function stringify(s) {
+           return JSON.stringify(s).slice(1, -1); // without leading/trailing "
+         }
 
+         function unstringify(s) {
+           var leading = '';
+           var trailing = '';
 
-               sidebar.expand = function(moveMap) {
-                   if (selection.classed('collapsed')) {
-                       sidebar.toggle(moveMap);
-                   }
-               };
+           if (s.length < 1 || s.charAt(0) !== '"') {
+             leading = '"';
+           }
 
+           if (s.length < 2 || s.charAt(s.length - 1) !== '"' || s.charAt(s.length - 1) === '"' && s.charAt(s.length - 2) === '\\') {
+             trailing = '"';
+           }
 
-               sidebar.collapse = function(moveMap) {
-                   if (!selection.classed('collapsed')) {
-                       sidebar.toggle(moveMap);
-                   }
-               };
+           return JSON.parse(leading + s + trailing);
+         }
 
+         function rowsToText(rows) {
+           var str = rows.filter(function (row) {
+             return row.key && row.key.trim() !== '';
+           }).map(function (row) {
+             var rawVal = row.value;
+             if (typeof rawVal !== 'string') rawVal = '*';
+             var val = rawVal ? stringify(rawVal) : '';
+             return stringify(row.key) + '=' + val;
+           }).join('\n');
 
-               sidebar.toggle = function(moveMap) {
-                   var e = event;
-                   if (e && e.sourceEvent) {
-                       e.sourceEvent.preventDefault();
-                   } else if (e) {
-                       e.preventDefault();
-                   }
+           if (_state !== 'hover' && str.length) {
+             return str + '\n';
+           }
 
-                   // Don't allow sidebar to toggle when the user is in the walkthrough.
-                   if (context.inIntro()) return;
+           return str;
+         }
 
-                   var isCollapsed = selection.classed('collapsed');
-                   var isCollapsing = !isCollapsed;
-                   var isRTL = (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl');
-                   var scaleX = isRTL ? 0 : 1;
-                   var xMarginProperty = isRTL ? 'margin-right' : 'margin-left';
+         function textChanged() {
+           var newText = this.value.trim();
+           var newTags = {};
+           newText.split('\n').forEach(function (row) {
+             var m = row.match(/^\s*([^=]+)=(.*)$/);
 
-                   sidebarWidth = selection.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;
+             if (m !== null) {
+               var k = context.cleanTagKey(unstringify(m[1].trim()));
+               var v = context.cleanTagValue(unstringify(m[2].trim()));
+               newTags[k] = v;
+             }
+           });
+           var tagDiff = utilTagDiff(_tags, newTags);
+           if (!tagDiff.length) return;
+           _pendingChange = _pendingChange || {};
+           tagDiff.forEach(function (change) {
+             if (isReadOnly({
+               key: change.key
+             })) return; // skip unchanged multiselection placeholders
 
-                   // switch from % to px
-                   selection.style('width', sidebarWidth + 'px');
+             if (change.newVal === '*' && typeof change.oldVal !== 'string') return;
 
-                   var startMargin, endMargin, lastMargin;
-                   if (isCollapsing) {
-                       startMargin = lastMargin = 0;
-                       endMargin = -sidebarWidth;
-                   } else {
-                       startMargin = lastMargin = -sidebarWidth;
-                       endMargin = 0;
-                   }
+             if (change.type === '-') {
+               _pendingChange[change.key] = undefined;
+             } else if (change.type === '+') {
+               _pendingChange[change.key] = change.newVal || '';
+             }
+           });
 
-                   selection.transition()
-                       .style(xMarginProperty, endMargin + 'px')
-                       .tween('panner', function() {
-                           var i = d3_interpolateNumber(startMargin, endMargin);
-                           return function(t) {
-                               var dx = lastMargin - Math.round(i(t));
-                               lastMargin = lastMargin - dx;
-                               context.ui().onResize(moveMap ? undefined : [dx * scaleX, 0]);
-                           };
-                       })
-                       .on('end', function() {
-                           selection.classed('collapsed', isCollapsing);
-
-                           // switch back from px to %
-                           if (!isCollapsing) {
-                               var containerWidth = container.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;
-                               var widthPct = (sidebarWidth / containerWidth) * 100;
-                               selection
-                                   .style(xMarginProperty, null)
-                                   .style('width', widthPct + '%');
-                           }
-                       });
-               };
+           if (Object.keys(_pendingChange).length === 0) {
+             _pendingChange = null;
+             return;
+           }
 
-               // toggle the sidebar collapse when double-clicking the resizer
-               resizer.on('dblclick', sidebar.toggle);
+           scheduleChange();
+         }
 
-               // ensure hover sidebar is closed when zooming out beyond editable zoom
-               context.map().on('crossEditableZoom.sidebar', function(within) {
-                   if (!within && !selection.select('.inspector-hover').empty()) {
-                       hover([]);
-                   }
-               });
+         function pushMore(d3_event) {
+           // if pressing Tab on the last value field with content, add a blank row
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === 9 && !d3_event.shiftKey && section.selection().selectAll('.tag-list li:last-child input.value').node() === this && utilGetSetValue(select(this))) {
+             addTag();
            }
+         }
 
-           sidebar.showPresetList = function() {};
-           sidebar.hover = function() {};
-           sidebar.hover.cancel = function() {};
-           sidebar.intersects = function() {};
-           sidebar.select = function() {};
-           sidebar.show = function() {};
-           sidebar.hide = function() {};
-           sidebar.expand = function() {};
-           sidebar.collapse = function() {};
-           sidebar.toggle = function() {};
+         function bindTypeahead(key, value) {
+           if (isReadOnly(key.datum())) return;
 
-           return sidebar;
-       }
+           if (Array.isArray(value.datum().value)) {
+             value.call(uiCombobox(context, 'tag-value').minItems(1).fetcher(function (value, callback) {
+               var keyString = utilGetSetValue(key);
+               if (!_tags[keyString]) return;
 
-       function uiSourceSwitch(context) {
-           var keys;
+               var data = _tags[keyString].filter(Boolean).map(function (tagValue) {
+                 return {
+                   value: tagValue,
+                   title: tagValue
+                 };
+               });
 
+               callback(data);
+             }));
+             return;
+           }
 
-           function click() {
-               event.preventDefault();
+           var geometry = context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[0]);
+           key.call(uiCombobox(context, 'tag-key').fetcher(function (value, callback) {
+             taginfo.keys({
+               debounce: true,
+               geometry: geometry,
+               query: value
+             }, function (err, data) {
+               if (!err) {
+                 var filtered = data.filter(function (d) {
+                   return _tags[d.value] === undefined;
+                 });
+                 callback(sort(value, filtered));
+               }
+             });
+           }));
+           value.call(uiCombobox(context, 'tag-value').fetcher(function (value, callback) {
+             taginfo.values({
+               debounce: true,
+               key: utilGetSetValue(key),
+               geometry: geometry,
+               query: value
+             }, function (err, data) {
+               if (!err) callback(sort(value, data));
+             });
+           }));
 
-               var osm = context.connection();
-               if (!osm) return;
+           function sort(value, data) {
+             var sameletter = [];
+             var other = [];
 
-               if (context.inIntro()) return;
+             for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
+               if (data[i].value.substring(0, value.length) === value) {
+                 sameletter.push(data[i]);
+               } else {
+                 other.push(data[i]);
+               }
+             }
 
-               if (context.history().hasChanges() &&
-                   !window.confirm(_t('source_switch.lose_changes'))) return;
+             return sameletter.concat(other);
+           }
+         }
 
-               var isLive = select(this)
-                   .classed('live');
+         function unbind() {
+           var row = select(this);
+           row.selectAll('input.key').call(uiCombobox.off, context);
+           row.selectAll('input.value').call(uiCombobox.off, context);
+         }
 
-               isLive = !isLive;
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-               context.history().clearSaved();          // remove saved history
-               context.flush();                         // remove stored data
+         function keyChange(d3_event, d) {
+           if (select(this).attr('readonly')) return;
+           var kOld = d.key; // exit if we are currently about to delete this row anyway - #6366
 
-               select(this)
-                   .text(isLive ? _t('source_switch.live') : _t('source_switch.dev'))
-                   .classed('live', isLive)
-                   .classed('chip', isLive);
+           if (_pendingChange && _pendingChange.hasOwnProperty(kOld) && _pendingChange[kOld] === undefined) return;
+           var kNew = context.cleanTagKey(this.value.trim()); // allow no change if the key should be readonly
 
-               osm.switch(isLive ? keys[0] : keys[1]);  // switch connection (warning: dispatches 'change' event)
+           if (isReadOnly({
+             key: kNew
+           })) {
+             this.value = kOld;
+             return;
            }
 
-           var sourceSwitch = function(selection) {
-               selection
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('href', '#')
-                   .text(_t('source_switch.live'))
-                   .attr('class', 'live chip')
-                   .on('click', click);
-           };
+           if (kNew && kNew !== kOld && _tags[kNew] !== undefined) {
+             // new key is already in use, switch focus to the existing row
+             this.value = kOld; // reset the key
 
+             section.selection().selectAll('.tag-list input.value').each(function (d) {
+               if (d.key === kNew) {
+                 // send focus to that other value combo instead
+                 var input = select(this).node();
+                 input.focus();
+                 input.select();
+               }
+             });
+             return;
+           }
 
-           sourceSwitch.keys = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return keys;
-               keys = _;
-               return sourceSwitch;
-           };
+           _pendingChange = _pendingChange || {};
 
+           if (kOld) {
+             if (kOld === kNew) return; // a tag key was renamed
 
-           return sourceSwitch;
-       }
+             _pendingChange[kNew] = _pendingChange[kOld] || {
+               oldKey: kOld
+             };
+             _pendingChange[kOld] = undefined;
+           } else {
+             // a new tag was added
+             var row = this.parentNode.parentNode;
+             var inputVal = select(row).selectAll('input.value');
+             var vNew = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(inputVal));
+             _pendingChange[kNew] = vNew;
+             utilGetSetValue(inputVal, vNew);
+           } // update the ordered key index so this row doesn't change position
 
-       function uiSpinner(context) {
-           var osm = context.connection();
 
+           var existingKeyIndex = _orderedKeys.indexOf(kOld);
 
-           return function(selection) {
-               var img = selection
-                   .append('img')
-                   .attr('src', context.imagePath('loader-black.gif'))
-                   .style('opacity', 0);
+           if (existingKeyIndex !== -1) _orderedKeys[existingKeyIndex] = kNew;
+           d.key = kNew; // update datum to avoid exit/enter on tag update
 
-               if (osm) {
-                   osm
-                       .on('loading.spinner', function() {
-                           img.transition()
-                               .style('opacity', 1);
-                       })
-                       .on('loaded.spinner', function() {
-                           img.transition()
-                               .style('opacity', 0);
-                       });
-               }
-           };
-       }
+           this.value = kNew;
+           scheduleChange();
+         }
 
-       function uiSplash(context) {
-         return (selection) => {
-           // Exception - if there are restorable changes, skip this splash screen.
-           // This is because we currently only support one `uiModal` at a time
-           //  and we need to show them `uiRestore`` instead of this one.
-           if (context.history().hasRestorableChanges()) return;
+         function valueChange(d3_event, d) {
+           if (isReadOnly(d)) return; // exit if this is a multiselection and no value was entered
 
-           // If user has not seen this version of the privacy policy, show the splash again.
-           let updateMessage = '';
-           const sawPrivacyVersion = corePreferences('sawPrivacyVersion');
-           let showSplash = !corePreferences('sawSplash');
-           if (sawPrivacyVersion !== context.privacyVersion) {
-             updateMessage = _t('splash.privacy_update');
-             showSplash = true;
-           }
+           if (typeof d.value !== 'string' && !this.value) return; // exit if we are currently about to delete this row anyway - #6366
 
-           if (!showSplash) return;
+           if (_pendingChange && _pendingChange.hasOwnProperty(d.key) && _pendingChange[d.key] === undefined) return;
+           _pendingChange = _pendingChange || {};
+           _pendingChange[d.key] = context.cleanTagValue(this.value);
+           scheduleChange();
+         }
 
-           corePreferences('sawSplash', true);
-           corePreferences('sawPrivacyVersion', context.privacyVersion);
+         function removeTag(d3_event, d) {
+           if (isReadOnly(d)) return;
 
-           // fetch intro graph data now, while user is looking at the splash screen
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('intro_graph');
+           if (d.key === '') {
+             // removing the blank row
+             _showBlank = false;
+             section.reRender();
+           } else {
+             // remove the key from the ordered key index
+             _orderedKeys = _orderedKeys.filter(function (key) {
+               return key !== d.key;
+             });
+             _pendingChange = _pendingChange || {};
+             _pendingChange[d.key] = undefined;
+             scheduleChange();
+           }
+         }
 
-           let modalSelection = uiModal(selection);
+         function addTag() {
+           // Delay render in case this click is blurring an edited combo.
+           // Without the setTimeout, the `content` render would wipe out the pending tag change.
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             _showBlank = true;
+             section.reRender();
+             section.selection().selectAll('.tag-list li:last-child input.key').node().focus();
+           }, 20);
+         }
 
-           modalSelection.select('.modal')
-             .attr('class', 'modal-splash modal');
+         function scheduleChange() {
+           // Cache IDs in case the editor is reloaded before the change event is called. - #6028
+           var entityIDs = _entityIDs; // Delay change in case this change is blurring an edited combo. - #5878
 
-           let introModal = modalSelection.select('.content')
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'fillL');
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             if (!_pendingChange) return;
+             dispatch.call('change', this, entityIDs, _pendingChange);
+             _pendingChange = null;
+           }, 10);
+         }
 
-           introModal
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class','modal-section')
-             .append('h3')
-             .text(_t('splash.welcome'));
+         section.state = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _state;
 
-           let modalSection = introModal
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class','modal-section');
+           if (_state !== val) {
+             _orderedKeys = [];
+             _state = val;
+           }
 
-           modalSection
-             .append('p')
-             .html(_t('splash.text', {
-               version: context.version,
-               website: '<a target="_blank" href="http://ideditor.blog/">ideditor.blog</a>',
-               github: '<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD">github.com</a>'
-             }));
+           return section;
+         };
 
-           modalSection
-             .append('p')
-             .html(_t('splash.privacy', {
-               updateMessage: updateMessage,
-               privacyLink: '<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/release/PRIVACY.md">' +
-                 _t('splash.privacy_policy') + '</a>'
-             }));
+         section.presets = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _presets;
+           _presets = val;
 
-           let buttonWrap = introModal
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'modal-actions');
+           if (_presets && _presets.length && _presets[0].isFallback()) {
+             section.disclosureExpanded(true); // don't collapse the disclosure if the mapper used the raw tag editor - #1881
+           } else if (!_didInteract) {
+             section.disclosureExpanded(null);
+           }
 
-           let walkthrough = buttonWrap
-             .append('button')
-             .attr('class', 'walkthrough')
-             .on('click', () => {
-               context.container().call(uiIntro(context));
-               modalSelection.close();
-             });
+           return section;
+         };
 
-           walkthrough
-             .append('svg')
-             .attr('class', 'logo logo-walkthrough')
-             .append('use')
-             .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');
+         section.tags = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
+           _tags = val;
+           return section;
+         };
 
-           walkthrough
-             .append('div')
-             .text(_t('splash.walkthrough'));
+         section.entityIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _entityIDs;
 
-           let startEditing = buttonWrap
-             .append('button')
-             .attr('class', 'start-editing')
-             .on('click', modalSelection.close);
+           if (!_entityIDs || !val || !utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) {
+             _entityIDs = val;
+             _orderedKeys = [];
+           }
 
-           startEditing
-             .append('svg')
-             .attr('class', 'logo logo-features')
-             .append('use')
-             .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-features');
+           return section;
+         }; // pass an array of regular expressions to test against the tag key
 
-           startEditing
-             .append('div')
-             .text(_t('splash.start'));
 
-           modalSelection.select('button.close')
-             .attr('class','hide');
+         section.readOnlyTags = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _readOnlyTags;
+           _readOnlyTags = val;
+           return section;
          };
+
+         return utilRebind(section, dispatch, 'on');
        }
 
-       function uiStatus(context) {
-           var osm = context.connection();
+       function uiDataEditor(context) {
+         var dataHeader = uiDataHeader();
+         var rawTagEditor = uiSectionRawTagEditor('custom-data-tag-editor', context).expandedByDefault(true).readOnlyTags([/./]);
 
+         var _datum;
 
-           return function(selection) {
-               if (!osm) return;
+         function dataEditor(selection) {
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]);
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').attr('title', _t('icons.close')).on('click', function () {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           headerEnter.append('h2').call(_t.append('map_data.title'));
+           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
+           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body);
+           var editor = body.selectAll('.data-editor').data([0]); // enter/update
 
-               function update(err, apiStatus) {
-                   selection.html('');
+           editor.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section data-editor').merge(editor).call(dataHeader.datum(_datum));
+           var rte = body.selectAll('.raw-tag-editor').data([0]); // enter/update
 
-                   if (err) {
-                       if (apiStatus === 'connectionSwitched') {
-                           // if the connection was just switched, we can't rely on
-                           // the status (we're getting the status of the previous api)
-                           return;
-
-                       } else if (apiStatus === 'rateLimited') {
-                           selection
-                               .text(_t('osm_api_status.message.rateLimit'))
-                               .append('a')
-                               .attr('class', 'api-status-login')
-                               .attr('target', '_blank')
-                               .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
-                               .append('span')
-                               .text(_t('login'))
-                               .on('click.login', function() {
-                                   event.preventDefault();
-                                   osm.authenticate();
-                               });
-                       } else {
+           rte.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'raw-tag-editor data-editor').merge(rte).call(rawTagEditor.tags(_datum && _datum.properties || {}).state('hover').render).selectAll('textarea.tag-text').attr('readonly', true).classed('readonly', true);
+         }
 
-                           // don't allow retrying too rapidly
-                           var throttledRetry = throttle(function() {
-                               // try loading the visible tiles
-                               context.loadTiles(context.projection);
-                               // manually reload the status too in case all visible tiles were already loaded
-                               osm.reloadApiStatus();
-                           }, 2000);
-
-                           // eslint-disable-next-line no-warning-comments
-                           // TODO: nice messages for different error types
-                           selection
-                               .text(_t('osm_api_status.message.error') + ' ')
-                               .append('a')
-                               // let the user manually retry their connection directly
-                               .text(_t('osm_api_status.retry'))
-                               .on('click.retry', function() {
-                                   event.preventDefault();
-                                   throttledRetry();
-                               });
-                       }
+         dataEditor.datum = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _datum;
+           _datum = val;
+           return this;
+         };
 
-                   } else if (apiStatus === 'readonly') {
-                       selection.text(_t('osm_api_status.message.readonly'));
-                   } else if (apiStatus === 'offline') {
-                       selection.text(_t('osm_api_status.message.offline'));
-                   }
+         return dataEditor;
+       }
 
-                   selection.attr('class', 'api-status ' + (err ? 'error' : apiStatus));
-               }
+       function uiOsmoseDetails(context) {
+         var _qaItem;
 
-               osm.on('apiStatusChange.uiStatus', update);
+         function issueString(d, type) {
+           if (!d) return ''; // Issue strings are cached from Osmose API
 
-               // reload the status periodically regardless of other factors
-               window.setInterval(function() {
-                   osm.reloadApiStatus();
-               }, 90000);
+           var s = services.osmose.getStrings(d.itemType);
+           return type in s ? s[type] : '';
+         }
 
-               // load the initial status in case no OSM data was loaded yet
-               osm.reloadApiStatus();
-           };
-       }
+         function osmoseDetails(selection) {
+           var details = selection.selectAll('.error-details').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           });
+           details.exit().remove();
+           var detailsEnter = details.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'error-details qa-details-container'); // Description
 
-       function modeDrawArea(context, wayID, startGraph, button) {
-           var mode = {
-               button: button,
-               id: 'draw-area'
-           };
+           if (issueString(_qaItem, 'detail')) {
+             var div = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
+             div.append('h4').call(_t.append('QA.keepRight.detail_description'));
+             div.append('p').attr('class', 'qa-details-description-text').html(function (d) {
+               return issueString(d, 'detail');
+             }).selectAll('a').attr('rel', 'noopener').attr('target', '_blank');
+           } // Elements (populated later as data is requested)
 
-           var behavior = behaviorDrawWay(context, wayID, mode, startGraph)
-               .on('rejectedSelfIntersection.modeDrawArea', function() {
-                   context.ui().flash
-                       .text(_t('self_intersection.error.areas'))();
-               });
 
-           mode.wayID = wayID;
+           var detailsDiv = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
+           var elemsDiv = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection'); // Suggested Fix (mustn't exist for every issue type)
 
-           mode.enter = function() {
-               context.install(behavior);
-           };
+           if (issueString(_qaItem, 'fix')) {
+             var _div = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
 
-           mode.exit = function() {
-               context.uninstall(behavior);
-           };
+             _div.append('h4').call(_t.append('QA.osmose.fix_title'));
 
-           mode.selectedIDs = function() {
-               return [wayID];
-           };
+             _div.append('p').html(function (d) {
+               return issueString(d, 'fix');
+             }).selectAll('a').attr('rel', 'noopener').attr('target', '_blank');
+           } // Common Pitfalls (mustn't exist for every issue type)
 
-           mode.activeID = function() {
-               return (behavior && behavior.activeID()) || [];
-           };
 
-           return mode;
-       }
+           if (issueString(_qaItem, 'trap')) {
+             var _div2 = detailsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');
 
-       function modeAddArea(context, mode) {
-           mode.id = 'add-area';
+             _div2.append('h4').call(_t.append('QA.osmose.trap_title'));
 
-           var behavior = behaviorAddWay(context)
-               .on('start', start)
-               .on('startFromWay', startFromWay)
-               .on('startFromNode', startFromNode);
+             _div2.append('p').html(function (d) {
+               return issueString(d, 'trap');
+             }).selectAll('a').attr('rel', 'noopener').attr('target', '_blank');
+           } // Save current item to check if UI changed by time request resolves
 
-           var defaultTags = { area: 'yes' };
-           if (mode.preset) defaultTags = mode.preset.setTags(defaultTags, 'area');
 
+           var thisItem = _qaItem;
+           services.osmose.loadIssueDetail(_qaItem).then(function (d) {
+             // No details to add if there are no associated issue elements
+             if (!d.elems || d.elems.length === 0) return; // Do nothing if UI has moved on by the time this resolves
 
-           function actionClose(wayId) {
-               return function (graph) {
-                   return graph.replace(graph.entity(wayId).close());
-               };
-           }
+             if (context.selectedErrorID() !== thisItem.id && context.container().selectAll(".qaItem.osmose.hover.itemId-".concat(thisItem.id)).empty()) return; // Things like keys and values are dynamically added to a subtitle string
 
+             if (d.detail) {
+               detailsDiv.append('h4').call(_t.append('QA.osmose.detail_title'));
+               detailsDiv.append('p').html(function (d) {
+                 return d.detail;
+               }).selectAll('a').attr('rel', 'noopener').attr('target', '_blank');
+             } // Create list of linked issue elements
 
-           function start(loc) {
-               var startGraph = context.graph();
-               var node = osmNode({ loc: loc });
-               var way = osmWay({ tags: defaultTags });
 
-               context.perform(
-                   actionAddEntity(node),
-                   actionAddEntity(way),
-                   actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id),
-                   actionClose(way.id)
-               );
+             elemsDiv.append('h4').call(_t.append('QA.osmose.elems_title'));
+             elemsDiv.append('ul').selectAll('li').data(d.elems).enter().append('li').append('a').attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'error_entity_link').text(function (d) {
+               return d;
+             }).each(function () {
+               var link = select(this);
+               var entityID = this.textContent;
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID); // Add click handler
+
+               link.on('mouseenter', function () {
+                 utilHighlightEntities([entityID], true, context);
+               }).on('mouseleave', function () {
+                 utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
+               }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+                 d3_event.preventDefault();
+                 utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
+                 var osmlayer = context.layers().layer('osm');
+
+                 if (!osmlayer.enabled()) {
+                   osmlayer.enabled(true);
+                 }
 
-               context.enter(modeDrawArea(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
-           }
+                 context.map().centerZoom(d.loc, 20);
 
+                 if (entity) {
+                   context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
+                 } else {
+                   context.loadEntity(entityID, function (err, result) {
+                     if (err) return;
+                     var entity = result.data.find(function (e) {
+                       return e.id === entityID;
+                     });
+                     if (entity) context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
+                   });
+                 }
+               }); // Replace with friendly name if possible
+               // (The entity may not yet be loaded into the graph)
 
-           function startFromWay(loc, edge) {
-               var startGraph = context.graph();
-               var node = osmNode({ loc: loc });
-               var way = osmWay({ tags: defaultTags });
+               if (entity) {
+                 var name = utilDisplayName(entity); // try to use common name
 
-               context.perform(
-                   actionAddEntity(node),
-                   actionAddEntity(way),
-                   actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id),
-                   actionClose(way.id),
-                   actionAddMidpoint({ loc: loc, edge: edge }, node)
-               );
+                 if (!name) {
+                   var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
+                   name = preset && !preset.isFallback() && preset.name(); // fallback to preset name
+                 }
 
-               context.enter(modeDrawArea(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
-           }
+                 if (name) {
+                   this.innerText = name;
+                 }
+               }
+             }); // Don't hide entities related to this issue - #5880
 
+             context.features().forceVisible(d.elems);
+             context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             console.log(err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
+           });
+         }
 
-           function startFromNode(node) {
-               var startGraph = context.graph();
-               var way = osmWay({ tags: defaultTags });
+         osmoseDetails.issue = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return osmoseDetails;
+         };
 
-               context.perform(
-                   actionAddEntity(way),
-                   actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id),
-                   actionClose(way.id)
-               );
+         return osmoseDetails;
+       }
 
-               context.enter(modeDrawArea(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
-           }
+       function uiOsmoseHeader() {
+         var _qaItem;
 
+         function issueTitle(d) {
+           var unknown = _t('inspector.unknown');
+           if (!d) return unknown; // Issue titles supplied by Osmose
 
-           mode.enter = function() {
-               context.install(behavior);
-           };
+           var s = services.osmose.getStrings(d.itemType);
+           return 'title' in s ? s.title : unknown;
+         }
 
+         function osmoseHeader(selection) {
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.qa-header').data(_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           });
+           header.exit().remove();
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header');
+           var svgEnter = headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-icon').classed('new', function (d) {
+             return d.id < 0;
+           }).append('svg').attr('width', '20px').attr('height', '30px').attr('viewbox', '0 0 20 30').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return "preset-icon-28 qaItem ".concat(d.service, " itemId-").concat(d.id, " itemType-").concat(d.itemType);
+           });
+           svgEnter.append('polygon').attr('fill', function (d) {
+             return services.osmose.getColor(d.item);
+           }).attr('class', 'qaItem-fill').attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
+           svgEnter.append('use').attr('class', 'icon-annotation').attr('width', '13px').attr('height', '13px').attr('transform', 'translate(3.5, 5)').attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
+             var picon = d.icon;
 
-           mode.exit = function() {
-               context.uninstall(behavior);
-           };
+             if (!picon) {
+               return '';
+             } else {
+               var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
+               return "#".concat(picon).concat(isMaki ? '-11' : '');
+             }
+           });
+           headerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'qa-header-label').text(issueTitle);
+         }
 
+         osmoseHeader.issue = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return osmoseHeader;
+         };
 
-           return mode;
+         return osmoseHeader;
        }
 
-       function modeAddLine(context, mode) {
-           mode.id = 'add-line';
-
-           var behavior = behaviorAddWay(context)
-               .on('start', start)
-               .on('startFromWay', startFromWay)
-               .on('startFromNode', startFromNode);
-
-           var defaultTags = {};
-           if (mode.preset) defaultTags = mode.preset.setTags(defaultTags, 'line');
+       function uiViewOnOsmose() {
+         var _qaItem;
 
+         function viewOnOsmose(selection) {
+           var url;
 
-           function start(loc) {
-               var startGraph = context.graph();
-               var node = osmNode({ loc: loc });
-               var way = osmWay({ tags: defaultTags });
+           if (services.osmose && _qaItem instanceof QAItem) {
+             url = services.osmose.itemURL(_qaItem);
+           }
 
-               context.perform(
-                   actionAddEntity(node),
-                   actionAddEntity(way),
-                   actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id)
-               );
+           var link = selection.selectAll('.view-on-osmose').data(url ? [url] : []); // exit
 
-               context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
-           }
+           link.exit().remove(); // enter
 
+           var linkEnter = link.enter().append('a').attr('class', 'view-on-osmose').attr('target', '_blank').attr('rel', 'noopener') // security measure
+           .attr('href', function (d) {
+             return d;
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));
+           linkEnter.append('span').call(_t.append('inspector.view_on_osmose'));
+         }
 
-           function startFromWay(loc, edge) {
-               var startGraph = context.graph();
-               var node = osmNode({ loc: loc });
-               var way = osmWay({ tags: defaultTags });
+         viewOnOsmose.what = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return viewOnOsmose;
+         };
 
-               context.perform(
-                   actionAddEntity(node),
-                   actionAddEntity(way),
-                   actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id),
-                   actionAddMidpoint({ loc: loc, edge: edge }, node)
-               );
+         return viewOnOsmose;
+       }
 
-               context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
-           }
+       function uiOsmoseEditor(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+         var qaDetails = uiOsmoseDetails(context);
+         var qaHeader = uiOsmoseHeader();
 
+         var _qaItem;
 
-           function startFromNode(node) {
-               var startGraph = context.graph();
-               var way = osmWay({ tags: defaultTags });
+         function osmoseEditor(selection) {
+           var header = selection.selectAll('.header').data([0]);
+           var headerEnter = header.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'header fillL');
+           headerEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'close').attr('title', _t('icons.close')).on('click', function () {
+             return context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+           headerEnter.append('h2').call(_t.append('QA.osmose.title'));
+           var body = selection.selectAll('.body').data([0]);
+           body = body.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'body').merge(body);
+           var editor = body.selectAll('.qa-editor').data([0]);
+           editor.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'modal-section qa-editor').merge(editor).call(qaHeader.issue(_qaItem)).call(qaDetails.issue(_qaItem)).call(osmoseSaveSection);
+           var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer').data([0]);
+           footer.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'footer').merge(footer).call(uiViewOnOsmose().what(_qaItem));
+         }
 
-               context.perform(
-                   actionAddEntity(way),
-                   actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id)
-               );
+         function osmoseSaveSection(selection) {
+           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
 
-               context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
-           }
+           var isShown = _qaItem && isSelected;
+           var saveSection = selection.selectAll('.qa-save').data(isShown ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return "".concat(d.id, "-").concat(d.status || 0);
+           }); // exit
 
+           saveSection.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-           mode.enter = function() {
-               context.install(behavior);
-           };
+           var saveSectionEnter = saveSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'qa-save save-section cf'); // update
 
+           saveSection = saveSectionEnter.merge(saveSection).call(qaSaveButtons);
+         }
 
-           mode.exit = function() {
-               context.uninstall(behavior);
-           };
+         function qaSaveButtons(selection) {
+           var isSelected = _qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID();
 
-           return mode;
-       }
+           var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons').data(isSelected ? [_qaItem] : [], function (d) {
+             return d.status + d.id;
+           }); // exit
 
-       function modeAddPoint(context, mode) {
+           buttonSection.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-           mode.id = 'add-point';
+           var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'buttons');
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button close-button action');
+           buttonEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'button ignore-button action'); // update
 
-           var behavior = behaviorDraw(context)
-               .on('click', add)
-               .on('clickWay', addWay)
-               .on('clickNode', addNode)
-               .on('cancel', cancel)
-               .on('finish', cancel);
+           buttonSection = buttonSection.merge(buttonEnter);
+           buttonSection.select('.close-button').call(_t.append('QA.keepRight.close')).on('click.close', function (d3_event, d) {
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-           var defaultTags = {};
-           if (mode.preset) defaultTags = mode.preset.setTags(defaultTags, 'point');
+             var qaService = services.osmose;
 
+             if (qaService) {
+               d.newStatus = 'done';
+               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
+                 return dispatch.call('change', item);
+               });
+             }
+           });
+           buttonSection.select('.ignore-button').call(_t.append('QA.keepRight.ignore')).on('click.ignore', function (d3_event, d) {
+             this.blur(); // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
 
-           function add(loc) {
-               var node = osmNode({ loc: loc, tags: defaultTags });
+             var qaService = services.osmose;
 
-               context.perform(
-                   actionAddEntity(node),
-                   _t('operations.add.annotation.point')
-               );
+             if (qaService) {
+               d.newStatus = 'false';
+               qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) {
+                 return dispatch.call('change', item);
+               });
+             }
+           });
+         } // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
 
-               enterSelectMode(node);
-           }
 
+         osmoseEditor.error = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _qaItem;
+           _qaItem = val;
+           return osmoseEditor;
+         };
 
-           function addWay(loc, edge) {
-               var node = osmNode({ tags: defaultTags });
+         return utilRebind(osmoseEditor, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-               context.perform(
-                   actionAddMidpoint({loc: loc, edge: edge}, node),
-                   _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex')
-               );
+       function uiSidebar(context) {
+         var inspector = uiInspector(context);
+         var dataEditor = uiDataEditor(context);
+         var noteEditor = uiNoteEditor(context);
+         var improveOsmEditor = uiImproveOsmEditor(context);
+         var keepRightEditor = uiKeepRightEditor(context);
+         var osmoseEditor = uiOsmoseEditor(context);
 
-               enterSelectMode(node);
-           }
+         var _current;
 
-           function enterSelectMode(node) {
-               context.enter(
-                   modeSelect(context, [node.id]).newFeature(true)
-               );
-           }
+         var _wasData = false;
+         var _wasNote = false;
+         var _wasQaItem = false; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-           function addNode(node) {
-               if (Object.keys(defaultTags).length === 0) {
-                   enterSelectMode(node);
-                   return;
+         function sidebar(selection) {
+           var container = context.container();
+           var minWidth = 240;
+           var sidebarWidth;
+           var containerWidth;
+           var dragOffset; // Set the initial width constraints
+
+           selection.style('min-width', minWidth + 'px').style('max-width', '400px').style('width', '33.3333%');
+           var resizer = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'sidebar-resizer').on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.sidebar-resizer', pointerdown);
+           var downPointerId, lastClientX, containerLocGetter;
+
+           function pointerdown(d3_event) {
+             if (downPointerId) return;
+             if ('button' in d3_event && d3_event.button !== 0) return;
+             downPointerId = d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse';
+             lastClientX = d3_event.clientX;
+             containerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(container.node()); // offset from edge of sidebar-resizer
+
+             dragOffset = utilFastMouse(resizer.node())(d3_event)[0] - 1;
+             sidebarWidth = selection.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;
+             containerWidth = container.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;
+             var widthPct = sidebarWidth / containerWidth * 100;
+             selection.style('width', widthPct + '%') // lock in current width
+             .style('max-width', '85%'); // but allow larger widths
+
+             resizer.classed('dragging', true);
+             select(window).on('touchmove.sidebar-resizer', function (d3_event) {
+               // disable page scrolling while resizing on touch input
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+             }, {
+               passive: false
+             }).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.sidebar-resizer', pointermove).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.sidebar-resizer pointercancel.sidebar-resizer', pointerup);
+           }
+
+           function pointermove(d3_event) {
+             if (downPointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var dx = d3_event.clientX - lastClientX;
+             lastClientX = d3_event.clientX;
+             var isRTL = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl';
+             var scaleX = isRTL ? 0 : 1;
+             var xMarginProperty = isRTL ? 'margin-right' : 'margin-left';
+             var x = containerLocGetter(d3_event)[0] - dragOffset;
+             sidebarWidth = isRTL ? containerWidth - x : x;
+             var isCollapsed = selection.classed('collapsed');
+             var shouldCollapse = sidebarWidth < minWidth;
+             selection.classed('collapsed', shouldCollapse);
+
+             if (shouldCollapse) {
+               if (!isCollapsed) {
+                 selection.style(xMarginProperty, '-400px').style('width', '400px');
+                 context.ui().onResize([(sidebarWidth - dx) * scaleX, 0]);
                }
+             } else {
+               var widthPct = sidebarWidth / containerWidth * 100;
+               selection.style(xMarginProperty, null).style('width', widthPct + '%');
 
-               var tags = Object.assign({}, node.tags);  // shallow copy
-               for (var key in defaultTags) {
-                   tags[key] = defaultTags[key];
+               if (isCollapsed) {
+                 context.ui().onResize([-sidebarWidth * scaleX, 0]);
+               } else {
+                 context.ui().onResize([-dx * scaleX, 0]);
                }
-
-               context.perform(
-                   actionChangeTags(node.id, tags),
-                   _t('operations.add.annotation.point')
-               );
-
-               enterSelectMode(node);
+             }
            }
 
-
-           function cancel() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           function pointerup(d3_event) {
+             if (downPointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+             downPointerId = null;
+             resizer.classed('dragging', false);
+             select(window).on('touchmove.sidebar-resizer', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.sidebar-resizer', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.sidebar-resizer pointercancel.sidebar-resizer', null);
            }
 
+           var featureListWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'feature-list-pane').call(uiFeatureList(context));
+           var inspectorWrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'inspector-hidden inspector-wrap');
 
-           mode.enter = function() {
-               context.install(behavior);
-           };
+           var hoverModeSelect = function hoverModeSelect(targets) {
+             context.container().selectAll('.feature-list-item button').classed('hover', false);
 
+             if (context.selectedIDs().length > 1 && targets && targets.length) {
+               var elements = context.container().selectAll('.feature-list-item button').filter(function (node) {
+                 return targets.indexOf(node) !== -1;
+               });
 
-           mode.exit = function() {
-               context.uninstall(behavior);
+               if (!elements.empty()) {
+                 elements.classed('hover', true);
+               }
+             }
            };
 
+           sidebar.hoverModeSelect = throttle(hoverModeSelect, 200);
 
-           return mode;
-       }
+           function hover(targets) {
+             var datum = targets && targets.length && targets[0];
 
-       function modeAddNote(context) {
-           var mode = {
-               id: 'add-note',
-               button: 'note',
-               title: _t('modes.add_note.title'),
-               description: _t('modes.add_note.description'),
-               key: _t('modes.add_note.key')
-           };
+             if (datum && datum.__featurehash__) {
+               // hovering on data
+               _wasData = true;
+               sidebar.show(dataEditor.datum(datum));
+               selection.selectAll('.sidebar-component').classed('inspector-hover', true);
+             } else if (datum instanceof osmNote) {
+               if (context.mode().id === 'drag-note') return;
+               _wasNote = true;
+               var osm = services.osm;
 
-           var behavior = behaviorDraw(context)
-               .on('click', add)
-               .on('cancel', cancel)
-               .on('finish', cancel);
+               if (osm) {
+                 datum = osm.getNote(datum.id); // marker may contain stale data - get latest
+               }
 
+               sidebar.show(noteEditor.note(datum));
+               selection.selectAll('.sidebar-component').classed('inspector-hover', true);
+             } else if (datum instanceof QAItem) {
+               _wasQaItem = true;
+               var errService = services[datum.service];
 
-           function add(loc) {
-               var osm = services.osm;
-               if (!osm) return;
+               if (errService) {
+                 // marker may contain stale data - get latest
+                 datum = errService.getError(datum.id);
+               } // Currently only three possible services
 
-               var note = osmNote({ loc: loc, status: 'open', comments: [] });
-               osm.replaceNote(note);
 
-               // force a reraw (there is no history change that would otherwise do this)
-               context.map().pan([0,0]);
+               var errEditor;
 
-               context
-                   .selectedNoteID(note.id)
-                   .enter(modeSelectNote(context, note.id).newFeature(true));
-           }
+               if (datum.service === 'keepRight') {
+                 errEditor = keepRightEditor;
+               } else if (datum.service === 'osmose') {
+                 errEditor = osmoseEditor;
+               } else {
+                 errEditor = improveOsmEditor;
+               }
 
+               context.container().selectAll('.qaItem.' + datum.service).classed('hover', function (d) {
+                 return d.id === datum.id;
+               });
+               sidebar.show(errEditor.error(datum));
+               selection.selectAll('.sidebar-component').classed('inspector-hover', true);
+             } else if (!_current && datum instanceof osmEntity) {
+               featureListWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
+               inspectorWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', false).classed('inspector-hover', true);
 
-           function cancel() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+               if (!inspector.entityIDs() || !utilArrayIdentical(inspector.entityIDs(), [datum.id]) || inspector.state() !== 'hover') {
+                 inspector.state('hover').entityIDs([datum.id]).newFeature(false);
+                 inspectorWrap.call(inspector);
+               }
+             } else if (!_current) {
+               featureListWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', false);
+               inspectorWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
+               inspector.state('hide');
+             } else if (_wasData || _wasNote || _wasQaItem) {
+               _wasNote = false;
+               _wasData = false;
+               _wasQaItem = false;
+               context.container().selectAll('.note').classed('hover', false);
+               context.container().selectAll('.qaItem').classed('hover', false);
+               sidebar.hide();
+             }
            }
 
+           sidebar.hover = throttle(hover, 200);
 
-           mode.enter = function() {
-               context.install(behavior);
+           sidebar.intersects = function (extent) {
+             var rect = selection.node().getBoundingClientRect();
+             return extent.intersects([context.projection.invert([0, rect.height]), context.projection.invert([rect.width, 0])]);
            };
 
+           sidebar.select = function (ids, newFeature) {
+             sidebar.hide();
 
-           mode.exit = function() {
-               context.uninstall(behavior);
-           };
-
+             if (ids && ids.length) {
+               var entity = ids.length === 1 && context.entity(ids[0]);
 
-           return mode;
-       }
+               if (entity && newFeature && selection.classed('collapsed')) {
+                 // uncollapse the sidebar
+                 var extent = entity.extent(context.graph());
+                 sidebar.expand(sidebar.intersects(extent));
+               }
 
-       function uiConflicts(context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('cancel', 'save');
-           var keybinding = utilKeybinding('conflicts');
-           var _origChanges;
-           var _conflictList;
-           var _shownConflictIndex;
+               featureListWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
+               inspectorWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', false).classed('inspector-hover', false); // reload the UI even if the ids are the same since the entities
+               // themselves may have changed
 
+               inspector.state('select').entityIDs(ids).newFeature(newFeature);
+               inspectorWrap.call(inspector);
+             } else {
+               inspector.state('hide');
+             }
+           };
 
-           function keybindingOn() {
-               select(document)
-                   .call(keybinding.on('⎋', cancel, true));
-           }
+           sidebar.showPresetList = function () {
+             inspector.showList();
+           };
 
-           function keybindingOff() {
-               select(document)
-                   .call(keybinding.unbind);
-           }
+           sidebar.show = function (component, element) {
+             featureListWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
+             inspectorWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
+             if (_current) _current.remove();
+             _current = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'sidebar-component').call(component, element);
+           };
 
-           function tryAgain() {
-               keybindingOff();
-               dispatch$1.call('save');
-           }
+           sidebar.hide = function () {
+             featureListWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', false);
+             inspectorWrap.classed('inspector-hidden', true);
+             if (_current) _current.remove();
+             _current = null;
+           };
 
-           function cancel() {
-               keybindingOff();
-               dispatch$1.call('cancel');
-           }
+           sidebar.expand = function (moveMap) {
+             if (selection.classed('collapsed')) {
+               sidebar.toggle(moveMap);
+             }
+           };
 
+           sidebar.collapse = function (moveMap) {
+             if (!selection.classed('collapsed')) {
+               sidebar.toggle(moveMap);
+             }
+           };
 
-           function conflicts(selection) {
-               keybindingOn();
+           sidebar.toggle = function (moveMap) {
+             // Don't allow sidebar to toggle when the user is in the walkthrough.
+             if (context.inIntro()) return;
+             var isCollapsed = selection.classed('collapsed');
+             var isCollapsing = !isCollapsed;
+             var isRTL = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl';
+             var scaleX = isRTL ? 0 : 1;
+             var xMarginProperty = isRTL ? 'margin-right' : 'margin-left';
+             sidebarWidth = selection.node().getBoundingClientRect().width; // switch from % to px
 
-               var headerEnter = selection.selectAll('.header')
-                   .data([0])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'header fillL');
+             selection.style('width', sidebarWidth + 'px');
+             var startMargin, endMargin, lastMargin;
 
-               headerEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'fr')
-                   .on('click', cancel)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+             if (isCollapsing) {
+               startMargin = lastMargin = 0;
+               endMargin = -sidebarWidth;
+             } else {
+               startMargin = lastMargin = -sidebarWidth;
+               endMargin = 0;
+             }
 
-               headerEnter
-                   .append('h3')
-                   .text(_t('save.conflict.header'));
+             if (!isCollapsing) {
+               // unhide the sidebar's content before it transitions onscreen
+               selection.classed('collapsed', isCollapsing);
+             }
 
-               var bodyEnter = selection.selectAll('.body')
-                   .data([0])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'body fillL');
+             selection.transition().style(xMarginProperty, endMargin + 'px').tween('panner', function () {
+               var i = d3_interpolateNumber(startMargin, endMargin);
+               return function (t) {
+                 var dx = lastMargin - Math.round(i(t));
+                 lastMargin = lastMargin - dx;
+                 context.ui().onResize(moveMap ? undefined : [dx * scaleX, 0]);
+               };
+             }).on('end', function () {
+               if (isCollapsing) {
+                 // hide the sidebar's content after it transitions offscreen
+                 selection.classed('collapsed', isCollapsing);
+               } // switch back from px to %
 
-               var conflictsHelpEnter = bodyEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'conflicts-help')
-                   .text(_t('save.conflict.help'));
 
+               if (!isCollapsing) {
+                 var containerWidth = container.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;
+                 var widthPct = sidebarWidth / containerWidth * 100;
+                 selection.style(xMarginProperty, null).style('width', widthPct + '%');
+               }
+             });
+           }; // toggle the sidebar collapse when double-clicking the resizer
 
-               // Download changes link
-               var detected = utilDetect();
-               var changeset = new osmChangeset();
 
-               delete changeset.id;  // Export without changeset_id
+           resizer.on('dblclick', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-               var data = JXON.stringify(changeset.osmChangeJXON(_origChanges));
-               var blob = new Blob([data], { type: 'text/xml;charset=utf-8;' });
-               var fileName = 'changes.osc';
+             if (d3_event.sourceEvent) {
+               d3_event.sourceEvent.preventDefault();
+             }
 
-               var linkEnter = conflictsHelpEnter.selectAll('.download-changes')
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'download-changes');
+             sidebar.toggle();
+           }); // ensure hover sidebar is closed when zooming out beyond editable zoom
 
-               if (detected.download) {      // All except IE11 and Edge
-                   linkEnter                 // download the data as a file
-                       .attr('href', window.URL.createObjectURL(blob))
-                       .attr('download', fileName);
+           context.map().on('crossEditableZoom.sidebar', function (within) {
+             if (!within && !selection.select('.inspector-hover').empty()) {
+               hover([]);
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-               } else {                      // IE11 and Edge
-                   linkEnter                 // open data uri in a new tab
-                       .attr('target', '_blank')
-                       .on('click.download', function() {
-                           navigator.msSaveBlob(blob, fileName);
-                       });
-               }
+         sidebar.showPresetList = function () {};
 
-               linkEnter
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-load', 'inline'))
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(_t('save.conflict.download_changes'));
+         sidebar.hover = function () {};
 
+         sidebar.hover.cancel = function () {};
 
-               bodyEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'conflict-container fillL3')
-                   .call(showConflict, 0);
+         sidebar.intersects = function () {};
 
-               bodyEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'conflicts-done')
-                   .attr('opacity', 0)
-                   .style('display', 'none')
-                   .text(_t('save.conflict.done'));
+         sidebar.select = function () {};
 
-               var buttonsEnter = bodyEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class','buttons col12 joined conflicts-buttons');
+         sidebar.show = function () {};
 
-               buttonsEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('disabled', _conflictList.length > 1)
-                   .attr('class', 'action conflicts-button col6')
-                   .text(_t('save.title'))
-                   .on('click.try_again', tryAgain);
+         sidebar.hide = function () {};
 
-               buttonsEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'secondary-action conflicts-button col6')
-                   .text(_t('confirm.cancel'))
-                   .on('click.cancel', cancel);
-           }
+         sidebar.expand = function () {};
 
+         sidebar.collapse = function () {};
 
-           function showConflict(selection, index) {
-               index = utilWrap(index, _conflictList.length);
-               _shownConflictIndex = index;
+         sidebar.toggle = function () {};
 
-               var parent = select(selection.node().parentNode);
+         return sidebar;
+       }
 
-               // enable save button if this is the last conflict being reviewed..
-               if (index === _conflictList.length - 1) {
-                   window.setTimeout(function() {
-                       parent.select('.conflicts-button')
-                           .attr('disabled', null);
+       function modeDrawArea(context, wayID, startGraph, button) {
+         var mode = {
+           button: button,
+           id: 'draw-area'
+         };
+         var behavior = behaviorDrawWay(context, wayID, mode, startGraph).on('rejectedSelfIntersection.modeDrawArea', function () {
+           context.ui().flash.iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t.html('self_intersection.error.areas'))();
+         });
+         mode.wayID = wayID;
 
-                       parent.select('.conflicts-done')
-                           .transition()
-                           .attr('opacity', 1)
-                           .style('display', 'block');
-                   }, 250);
-               }
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           context.install(behavior);
+         };
 
-               var conflict = selection
-                   .selectAll('.conflict')
-                   .data([_conflictList[index]]);
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.uninstall(behavior);
+         };
 
-               conflict.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
+           return [wayID];
+         };
 
-               var conflictEnter = conflict.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'conflict');
-
-               conflictEnter
-                   .append('h4')
-                   .attr('class', 'conflict-count')
-                   .text(_t('save.conflict.count', { num: index + 1, total: _conflictList.length }));
-
-               conflictEnter
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'conflict-description')
-                   .attr('href', '#')
-                   .text(function(d) { return d.name; })
-                   .on('click', function(d) {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       zoomToEntity(d.id);
-                   });
+         mode.activeID = function () {
+           return behavior && behavior.activeID() || [];
+         };
 
-               var details = conflictEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'conflict-detail-container');
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-               details
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'conflict-detail-list')
-                   .selectAll('li')
-                   .data(function(d) { return d.details || []; })
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'conflict-detail-item')
-                   .html(function(d) { return d; });
+       function modeAddArea(context, mode) {
+         mode.id = 'add-area';
+         var behavior = behaviorAddWay(context).on('start', start).on('startFromWay', startFromWay).on('startFromNode', startFromNode);
+         var defaultTags = {
+           area: 'yes'
+         };
+         if (mode.preset) defaultTags = mode.preset.setTags(defaultTags, 'area');
 
-               details
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'conflict-choices')
-                   .call(addChoices);
+         function actionClose(wayId) {
+           return function (graph) {
+             return graph.replace(graph.entity(wayId).close());
+           };
+         }
 
-               details
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'conflict-nav-buttons joined cf')
-                   .selectAll('button')
-                   .data(['previous', 'next'])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('button')
-                   .text(function(d) { return _t('save.conflict.' + d); })
-                   .attr('class', 'conflict-nav-button action col6')
-                   .attr('disabled', function(d, i) {
-                       return (i === 0 && index === 0) ||
-                           (i === 1 && index === _conflictList.length - 1) || null;
-                   })
-                   .on('click', function(d, i) {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-
-                       var container = parent.selectAll('.conflict-container');
-                       var sign = (i === 0 ? -1 : 1);
-
-                       container
-                           .selectAll('.conflict')
-                           .remove();
-
-                       container
-                           .call(showConflict, index + sign);
-                   });
+         function start(loc) {
+           var startGraph = context.graph();
+           var node = osmNode({
+             loc: loc
+           });
+           var way = osmWay({
+             tags: defaultTags
+           });
+           context.perform(actionAddEntity(node), actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id), actionClose(way.id));
+           context.enter(modeDrawArea(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
+         }
 
-           }
+         function startFromWay(loc, edge) {
+           var startGraph = context.graph();
+           var node = osmNode({
+             loc: loc
+           });
+           var way = osmWay({
+             tags: defaultTags
+           });
+           context.perform(actionAddEntity(node), actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id), actionClose(way.id), actionAddMidpoint({
+             loc: loc,
+             edge: edge
+           }, node));
+           context.enter(modeDrawArea(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
+         }
 
+         function startFromNode(node) {
+           var startGraph = context.graph();
+           var way = osmWay({
+             tags: defaultTags
+           });
+           context.perform(actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id), actionClose(way.id));
+           context.enter(modeDrawArea(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
+         }
 
-           function addChoices(selection) {
-               var choices = selection
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-list')
-                   .selectAll('li')
-                   .data(function(d) { return d.choices || []; });
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           context.install(behavior);
+         };
 
-               // enter
-               var choicesEnter = choices.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer');
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.uninstall(behavior);
+         };
 
-               var labelEnter = choicesEnter
-                   .append('label');
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'radio')
-                   .attr('name', function(d) { return d.id; })
-                   .on('change', function(d, i) {
-                       var ul = this.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode;
-                       ul.__data__.chosen = i;
-                       choose(ul, d);
-                   });
+       function modeAddLine(context, mode) {
+         mode.id = 'add-line';
+         var behavior = behaviorAddWay(context).on('start', start).on('startFromWay', startFromWay).on('startFromNode', startFromNode);
+         var defaultTags = {};
+         if (mode.preset) defaultTags = mode.preset.setTags(defaultTags, 'line');
+
+         function start(loc) {
+           var startGraph = context.graph();
+           var node = osmNode({
+             loc: loc
+           });
+           var way = osmWay({
+             tags: defaultTags
+           });
+           context.perform(actionAddEntity(node), actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id));
+           context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
+         }
 
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(function(d) { return d.text; });
-
-               // update
-               choicesEnter
-                   .merge(choices)
-                   .each(function(d, i) {
-                       var ul = this.parentNode;
-                       if (ul.__data__.chosen === i) {
-                           choose(ul, d);
-                       }
-                   });
-           }
+         function startFromWay(loc, edge) {
+           var startGraph = context.graph();
+           var node = osmNode({
+             loc: loc
+           });
+           var way = osmWay({
+             tags: defaultTags
+           });
+           context.perform(actionAddEntity(node), actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id), actionAddMidpoint({
+             loc: loc,
+             edge: edge
+           }, node));
+           context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
+         }
 
+         function startFromNode(node) {
+           var startGraph = context.graph();
+           var way = osmWay({
+             tags: defaultTags
+           });
+           context.perform(actionAddEntity(way), actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id));
+           context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
+         }
 
-           function choose(ul, datum) {
-               if (event) event.preventDefault();
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           context.install(behavior);
+         };
 
-               select(ul)
-                   .selectAll('li')
-                   .classed('active', function(d) { return d === datum; })
-                   .selectAll('input')
-                   .property('checked', function(d) { return d === datum; });
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.uninstall(behavior);
+         };
 
-               var extent = geoExtent();
-               var entity;
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-               entity = context.graph().hasEntity(datum.id);
-               if (entity) extent._extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
+       function modeAddPoint(context, mode) {
+         mode.id = 'add-point';
+         var behavior = behaviorDraw(context).on('click', add).on('clickWay', addWay).on('clickNode', addNode).on('cancel', cancel).on('finish', cancel);
+         var defaultTags = {};
+         if (mode.preset) defaultTags = mode.preset.setTags(defaultTags, 'point');
+
+         function add(loc) {
+           var node = osmNode({
+             loc: loc,
+             tags: defaultTags
+           });
+           context.perform(actionAddEntity(node), _t('operations.add.annotation.point'));
+           enterSelectMode(node);
+         }
 
-               datum.action();
+         function addWay(loc, edge) {
+           var node = osmNode({
+             tags: defaultTags
+           });
+           context.perform(actionAddMidpoint({
+             loc: loc,
+             edge: edge
+           }, node), _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex'));
+           enterSelectMode(node);
+         }
 
-               entity = context.graph().hasEntity(datum.id);
-               if (entity) extent._extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
+         function enterSelectMode(node) {
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, [node.id]).newFeature(true));
+         }
 
-               zoomToEntity(datum.id, extent);
+         function addNode(node) {
+           if (Object.keys(defaultTags).length === 0) {
+             enterSelectMode(node);
+             return;
            }
 
+           var tags = Object.assign({}, node.tags); // shallow copy
 
-           function zoomToEntity(id, extent) {
-               context.surface().selectAll('.hover')
-                   .classed('hover', false);
-
-               var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(id);
-               if (entity) {
-                   if (extent) {
-                       context.map().trimmedExtent(extent);
-                   } else {
-                       context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
-                   }
-                   context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrMemberSelector([entity.id], context.graph()))
-                       .classed('hover', true);
-               }
+           for (var key in defaultTags) {
+             tags[key] = defaultTags[key];
            }
 
+           context.perform(actionChangeTags(node.id, tags), _t('operations.add.annotation.point'));
+           enterSelectMode(node);
+         }
 
-           // The conflict list should be an array of objects like:
-           // {
-           //     id: id,
-           //     name: entityName(local),
-           //     details: merge.conflicts(),
-           //     chosen: 1,
-           //     choices: [
-           //         choice(id, keepMine, forceLocal),
-           //         choice(id, keepTheirs, forceRemote)
-           //     ]
-           // }
-           conflicts.conflictList = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _conflictList;
-               _conflictList = _;
-               return conflicts;
-           };
-
-
-           conflicts.origChanges = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _origChanges;
-               _origChanges = _;
-               return conflicts;
-           };
-
+         function cancel() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         }
 
-           conflicts.shownEntityIds = function() {
-               if (_conflictList && typeof _shownConflictIndex === 'number') {
-                   return [_conflictList[_shownConflictIndex].id];
-               }
-               return [];
-           };
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           context.install(behavior);
+         };
 
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.uninstall(behavior);
+         };
 
-           return utilRebind(conflicts, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return mode;
        }
 
-       function uiConfirm(selection) {
-           var modalSelection = uiModal(selection);
-
-           modalSelection.select('.modal')
-               .classed('modal-alert', true);
-
-           var section = modalSelection.select('.content');
+       function modeSelectNote(context, selectedNoteID) {
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'select-note',
+           button: 'browse'
+         };
 
-           section.append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'modal-section header');
+         var _keybinding = utilKeybinding('select-note');
 
-           section.append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'modal-section message-text');
+         var _noteEditor = uiNoteEditor(context).on('change', function () {
+           context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
 
-           var buttons = section.append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'modal-section buttons cf');
+           var note = checkSelectedID();
+           if (!note) return;
+           context.ui().sidebar.show(_noteEditor.note(note));
+         });
 
+         var _behaviors = [behaviorBreathe(), behaviorHover(context), behaviorSelect(context), behaviorLasso(context), modeDragNode(context).behavior, modeDragNote(context).behavior];
+         var _newFeature = false;
 
-           modalSelection.okButton = function() {
-               buttons
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'button ok-button action')
-                   .on('click.confirm', function() {
-                       modalSelection.remove();
-                   })
-                   .text(_t('confirm.okay'))
-                   .node()
-                   .focus();
+         function checkSelectedID() {
+           if (!services.osm) return;
+           var note = services.osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
 
-               return modalSelection;
-           };
+           if (!note) {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }
 
+           return note;
+         } // class the note as selected, or return to browse mode if the note is gone
 
-           return modalSelection;
-       }
 
-       function uiChangesetEditor(context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
-           var formFields = uiFormFields(context);
-           var commentCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'comment').caseSensitive(true);
-           var _fieldsArr;
-           var _tags;
-           var _changesetID;
+         function selectNote(d3_event, drawn) {
+           if (!checkSelectedID()) return;
+           var selection = context.surface().selectAll('.layer-notes .note-' + selectedNoteID);
 
+           if (selection.empty()) {
+             // Return to browse mode if selected DOM elements have
+             // disappeared because the user moved them out of view..
+             var source = d3_event && d3_event.type === 'zoom' && d3_event.sourceEvent;
 
-           function changesetEditor(selection) {
-               render(selection);
+             if (drawn && source && (source.type === 'pointermove' || source.type === 'mousemove' || source.type === 'touchmove')) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             }
+           } else {
+             selection.classed('selected', true);
+             context.selectedNoteID(selectedNoteID);
            }
+         }
 
+         function esc() {
+           if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         }
 
-           function render(selection) {
-               var initial = false;
-
-               if (!_fieldsArr) {
-                   initial = true;
-                   var presets = _mainPresetIndex;
+         mode.zoomToSelected = function () {
+           if (!services.osm) return;
+           var note = services.osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
 
-                   _fieldsArr = [
-                       uiField(context, presets.field('comment'), null, { show: true, revert: false }),
-                       uiField(context, presets.field('source'), null, { show: false, revert: false }),
-                       uiField(context, presets.field('hashtags'), null, { show: false, revert: false }),
-                   ];
+           if (note) {
+             context.map().centerZoomEase(note.loc, 20);
+           }
+         };
 
-                   _fieldsArr.forEach(function(field) {
-                       field
-                           .on('change', function(t, onInput) {
-                               dispatch$1.call('change', field, undefined, t, onInput);
-                           });
-                   });
-               }
+         mode.newFeature = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _newFeature;
+           _newFeature = val;
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-               _fieldsArr.forEach(function(field) {
-                   field
-                       .tags(_tags);
-               });
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           var note = checkSelectedID();
+           if (!note) return;
 
+           _behaviors.forEach(context.install);
 
-               selection
-                   .call(formFields.fieldsArr(_fieldsArr));
+           _keybinding.on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected).on('⎋', esc, true);
 
+           select(document).call(_keybinding);
+           selectNote();
+           var sidebar = context.ui().sidebar;
+           sidebar.show(_noteEditor.note(note).newNote(_newFeature)); // expand the sidebar, avoid obscuring the note if needed
 
-               if (initial) {
-                   var commentField = selection.select('.form-field-comment textarea');
-                   var commentNode = commentField.node();
+           sidebar.expand(sidebar.intersects(note.extent()));
+           context.map().on('drawn.select', selectNote);
+         };
 
-                   if (commentNode) {
-                       commentNode.focus();
-                       commentNode.select();
-                   }
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           _behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
 
-                   // trigger a 'blur' event so that comment field can be cleaned
-                   // and checked for hashtags, even if retrieved from localstorage
-                   utilTriggerEvent(commentField, 'blur');
+           select(document).call(_keybinding.unbind);
+           context.surface().selectAll('.layer-notes .selected').classed('selected hover', false);
+           context.map().on('drawn.select', null);
+           context.ui().sidebar.hide();
+           context.selectedNoteID(null);
+         };
 
-                   var osm = context.connection();
-                   if (osm) {
-                       osm.userChangesets(function (err, changesets) {
-                           if (err) return;
-
-                           var comments = changesets.map(function(changeset) {
-                               var comment = changeset.tags.comment;
-                               return comment ? { title: comment, value: comment } : null;
-                           }).filter(Boolean);
-
-                           commentField
-                               .call(commentCombo
-                                   .data(utilArrayUniqBy(comments, 'title'))
-                               );
-                       });
-                   }
-               }
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-               // Add warning if comment mentions Google
-               var hasGoogle = _tags.comment.match(/google/i);
-               var commentWarning = selection.select('.form-field-comment').selectAll('.comment-warning')
-                   .data(hasGoogle ? [0] : []);
+       function modeAddNote(context) {
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'add-note',
+           button: 'note',
+           description: _t.html('modes.add_note.description'),
+           key: _t('modes.add_note.key')
+         };
+         var behavior = behaviorDraw(context).on('click', add).on('cancel', cancel).on('finish', cancel);
 
-               commentWarning.exit()
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(200)
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .remove();
+         function add(loc) {
+           var osm = services.osm;
+           if (!osm) return;
+           var note = osmNote({
+             loc: loc,
+             status: 'open',
+             comments: []
+           });
+           osm.replaceNote(note); // force a reraw (there is no history change that would otherwise do this)
 
-               var commentEnter = commentWarning.enter()
-                   .insert('div', '.tag-reference-body')
-                   .attr('class', 'field-warning comment-warning')
-                   .style('opacity', 0);
+           context.map().pan([0, 0]);
+           context.selectedNoteID(note.id).enter(modeSelectNote(context, note.id).newFeature(true));
+         }
 
-               commentEnter
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('target', '_blank')
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'inline'))
-                   .attr('href', _t('commit.google_warning_link'))
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(_t('commit.google_warning'));
+         function cancel() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         }
 
-               commentEnter
-                   .transition()
-                   .duration(200)
-                   .style('opacity', 1);
-           }
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           context.install(behavior);
+         };
 
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.uninstall(behavior);
+         };
 
-           changesetEditor.tags = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _tags;
-               _tags = _;
-               // Don't reset _fieldsArr here.
-               return changesetEditor;
-           };
+         return mode;
+       }
 
+       function modeSave(context) {
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'save'
+         };
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('modeSave');
+         var commit = uiCommit(context).on('cancel', cancel);
 
-           changesetEditor.changesetID = function(_) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _changesetID;
-               if (_changesetID === _) return changesetEditor;
-               _changesetID = _;
-               _fieldsArr = null;
-               return changesetEditor;
-           };
+         var _conflictsUi; // uiConflicts
 
 
-           return utilRebind(changesetEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+         var _location;
 
-       function uiSectionChanges(context) {
-           var detected = utilDetect();
+         var _success;
 
-           var _discardTags = {};
-           _mainFileFetcher.get('discarded')
-               .then(function(d) { _discardTags = d; })
-               .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });
+         var uploader = context.uploader().on('saveStarted.modeSave', function () {
+           keybindingOff();
+         }) // fire off some async work that we want to be ready later
+         .on('willAttemptUpload.modeSave', prepareForSuccess).on('progressChanged.modeSave', showProgress).on('resultNoChanges.modeSave', function () {
+           cancel();
+         }).on('resultErrors.modeSave', showErrors).on('resultConflicts.modeSave', showConflicts).on('resultSuccess.modeSave', showSuccess);
 
-           var section = uiSection('changes-list', context)
-               .title(function() {
-                   var history = context.history();
-                   var summary = history.difference().summary();
-                   return _t('commit.changes', { count: summary.length });
-               })
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+         function cancel() {
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         }
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-               var history = context.history();
-               var summary = history.difference().summary();
+         function showProgress(num, total) {
+           var modal = context.container().select('.loading-modal .modal-section');
+           var progress = modal.selectAll('.progress').data([0]); // enter/update
+
+           progress.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'progress').merge(progress).text(_t('save.conflict_progress', {
+             num: num,
+             total: total
+           }));
+         }
+
+         function showConflicts(changeset, conflicts, origChanges) {
+           var selection = context.container().select('.sidebar').append('div').attr('class', 'sidebar-component');
+           context.container().selectAll('.main-content').classed('active', true).classed('inactive', false);
+           _conflictsUi = uiConflicts(context).conflictList(conflicts).origChanges(origChanges).on('cancel', function () {
+             context.container().selectAll('.main-content').classed('active', false).classed('inactive', true);
+             selection.remove();
+             keybindingOn();
+             uploader.cancelConflictResolution();
+           }).on('save', function () {
+             context.container().selectAll('.main-content').classed('active', false).classed('inactive', true);
+             selection.remove();
+             uploader.processResolvedConflicts(changeset);
+           });
+           selection.call(_conflictsUi);
+         }
+
+         function showErrors(errors) {
+           keybindingOn();
+           var selection = uiConfirm(context.container());
+           selection.select('.modal-section.header').append('h3').text(_t('save.error'));
+           addErrors(selection, errors);
+           selection.okButton();
+         }
+
+         function addErrors(selection, data) {
+           var message = selection.select('.modal-section.message-text');
+           var items = message.selectAll('.error-container').data(data);
+           var enter = items.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'error-container');
+           enter.append('a').attr('class', 'error-description').attr('href', '#').classed('hide-toggle', true).text(function (d) {
+             return d.msg || _t('save.unknown_error_details');
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var error = select(this);
+             var detail = select(this.nextElementSibling);
+             var exp = error.classed('expanded');
+             detail.style('display', exp ? 'none' : 'block');
+             error.classed('expanded', !exp);
+           });
+           var details = enter.append('div').attr('class', 'error-detail-container').style('display', 'none');
+           details.append('ul').attr('class', 'error-detail-list').selectAll('li').data(function (d) {
+             return d.details || [];
+           }).enter().append('li').attr('class', 'error-detail-item').text(function (d) {
+             return d;
+           });
+           items.exit().remove();
+         }
 
-               var container = selection.selectAll('.commit-section')
-                   .data([0]);
+         function showSuccess(changeset) {
+           commit.reset();
 
-               var containerEnter = container.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'commit-section');
+           var ui = _success.changeset(changeset).location(_location).on('cancel', function () {
+             context.ui().sidebar.hide();
+           });
 
-               containerEnter
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'changeset-list');
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context).sidebar(ui));
+         }
 
-               container = containerEnter
-                   .merge(container);
+         function keybindingOn() {
+           select(document).call(keybinding.on('⎋', cancel, true));
+         }
 
+         function keybindingOff() {
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+         } // Reverse geocode current map location so we can display a message on
+         // the success screen like "Thank you for editing around place, region."
 
-               var items = container.select('ul').selectAll('li')
-                   .data(summary);
 
-               var itemsEnter = items.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'change-item');
+         function prepareForSuccess() {
+           _success = uiSuccess(context);
+           _location = null;
+           if (!services.geocoder) return;
+           services.geocoder.reverse(context.map().center(), function (err, result) {
+             if (err || !result || !result.address) return;
+             var addr = result.address;
+             var place = addr && (addr.town || addr.city || addr.county) || '';
+             var region = addr && (addr.state || addr.country) || '';
+             var separator = place && region ? _t('success.thank_you_where.separator') : '';
+             _location = _t('success.thank_you_where.format', {
+               place: place,
+               separator: separator,
+               region: region
+             });
+           });
+         }
 
-               itemsEnter
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       select(this)
-                           .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + d.entity.geometry(d.graph), 'pre-text ' + d.changeType));
-                   });
+         mode.selectedIDs = function () {
+           return _conflictsUi ? _conflictsUi.shownEntityIds() : [];
+         };
 
-               itemsEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'change-type')
-                   .text(function(d) { return _t('commit.' + d.changeType) + ' '; });
-
-               itemsEnter
-                   .append('strong')
-                   .attr('class', 'entity-type')
-                   .text(function(d) {
-                       var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(d.entity, d.graph);
-                       return (matched && matched.name()) || utilDisplayType(d.entity.id);
-                   });
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           // Show sidebar
+           context.ui().sidebar.expand();
 
-               itemsEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'entity-name')
-                   .text(function(d) {
-                       var name = utilDisplayName(d.entity) || '',
-                           string = '';
-                       if (name !== '') {
-                           string += ':';
-                       }
-                       return string += ' ' + name;
-                   });
+           function done() {
+             context.ui().sidebar.show(commit);
+           }
 
-               itemsEnter
-                   .style('opacity', 0)
-                   .transition()
-                   .style('opacity', 1);
+           keybindingOn();
+           context.container().selectAll('.main-content').classed('active', false).classed('inactive', true);
+           var osm = context.connection();
 
-               items = itemsEnter
-                   .merge(items);
+           if (!osm) {
+             cancel();
+             return;
+           }
 
-               items
-                   .on('mouseover', mouseover)
-                   .on('mouseout', mouseout)
-                   .on('click', click);
+           if (osm.authenticated()) {
+             done();
+           } else {
+             osm.authenticate(function (err) {
+               if (err) {
+                 cancel();
+               } else {
+                 done();
+               }
+             });
+           }
+         };
 
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           keybindingOff();
+           context.container().selectAll('.main-content').classed('active', true).classed('inactive', false);
+           context.ui().sidebar.hide();
+         };
 
-               // Download changeset link
-               var changeset = new osmChangeset().update({ id: undefined });
-               var changes = history.changes(actionDiscardTags(history.difference(), _discardTags));
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-               delete changeset.id;  // Export without chnageset_id
+       function modeSelectError(context, selectedErrorID, selectedErrorService) {
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'select-error',
+           button: 'browse'
+         };
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('select-error');
+         var errorService = services[selectedErrorService];
+         var errorEditor;
 
-               var data = JXON.stringify(changeset.osmChangeJXON(changes));
-               var blob = new Blob([data], {type: 'text/xml;charset=utf-8;'});
-               var fileName = 'changes.osc';
+         switch (selectedErrorService) {
+           case 'improveOSM':
+             errorEditor = uiImproveOsmEditor(context).on('change', function () {
+               context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
 
-               var linkEnter = container.selectAll('.download-changes')
-                   .data([0])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'download-changes');
-
-               if (detected.download) {      // All except IE11 and Edge
-                   linkEnter                 // download the data as a file
-                       .attr('href', window.URL.createObjectURL(blob))
-                       .attr('download', fileName);
-
-               } else {                      // IE11 and Edge
-                   linkEnter                 // open data uri in a new tab
-                       .attr('target', '_blank')
-                       .on('click.download', function() {
-                           navigator.msSaveBlob(blob, fileName);
-                       });
-               }
+               var error = checkSelectedID();
+               if (!error) return;
+               context.ui().sidebar.show(errorEditor.error(error));
+             });
+             break;
 
-               linkEnter
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-load', 'inline'))
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(_t('commit.download_changes'));
+           case 'keepRight':
+             errorEditor = uiKeepRightEditor(context).on('change', function () {
+               context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
 
+               var error = checkSelectedID();
+               if (!error) return;
+               context.ui().sidebar.show(errorEditor.error(error));
+             });
+             break;
 
-               function mouseover(d) {
-                   if (d.entity) {
-                       context.surface().selectAll(
-                           utilEntityOrMemberSelector([d.entity.id], context.graph())
-                       ).classed('hover', true);
-                   }
-               }
+           case 'osmose':
+             errorEditor = uiOsmoseEditor(context).on('change', function () {
+               context.map().pan([0, 0]); // trigger a redraw
 
+               var error = checkSelectedID();
+               if (!error) return;
+               context.ui().sidebar.show(errorEditor.error(error));
+             });
+             break;
+         }
 
-               function mouseout() {
-                   context.surface().selectAll('.hover')
-                       .classed('hover', false);
-               }
+         var behaviors = [behaviorBreathe(), behaviorHover(context), behaviorSelect(context), behaviorLasso(context), modeDragNode(context).behavior, modeDragNote(context).behavior];
 
+         function checkSelectedID() {
+           if (!errorService) return;
+           var error = errorService.getError(selectedErrorID);
 
-               function click(change) {
-                   if (change.changeType !== 'deleted') {
-                       var entity = change.entity;
-                       context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
-                       context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrMemberSelector([entity.id], context.graph()))
-                           .classed('hover', true);
-                   }
-               }
+           if (!error) {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
            }
 
-           return section;
-       }
-
-       function uiCommitWarnings(context) {
+           return error;
+         }
 
-           function commitWarnings(selection) {
-               var issuesBySeverity = context.validator()
-                   .getIssuesBySeverity({ what: 'edited', where: 'all', includeDisabledRules: true });
+         mode.zoomToSelected = function () {
+           if (!errorService) return;
+           var error = errorService.getError(selectedErrorID);
 
-               for (var severity in issuesBySeverity) {
-                   var issues = issuesBySeverity[severity];
-                   var section = severity + '-section';
-                   var issueItem = severity + '-item';
+           if (error) {
+             context.map().centerZoomEase(error.loc, 20);
+           }
+         };
 
-                   var container = selection.selectAll('.' + section)
-                       .data(issues.length ? [0] : []);
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           var error = checkSelectedID();
+           if (!error) return;
+           behaviors.forEach(context.install);
+           keybinding.on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected).on('⎋', esc, true);
+           select(document).call(keybinding);
+           selectError();
+           var sidebar = context.ui().sidebar;
+           sidebar.show(errorEditor.error(error));
+           context.map().on('drawn.select-error', selectError); // class the error as selected, or return to browse mode if the error is gone
 
-                   container.exit()
-                       .remove();
+           function selectError(d3_event, drawn) {
+             if (!checkSelectedID()) return;
+             var selection = context.surface().selectAll('.itemId-' + selectedErrorID + '.' + selectedErrorService);
 
-                   var containerEnter = container.enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'modal-section ' + section + ' fillL2');
+             if (selection.empty()) {
+               // Return to browse mode if selected DOM elements have
+               // disappeared because the user moved them out of view..
+               var source = d3_event && d3_event.type === 'zoom' && d3_event.sourceEvent;
 
-                   containerEnter
-                       .append('h3')
-                       .text(severity === 'warning' ? _t('commit.warnings') : _t('commit.errors'));
+               if (drawn && source && (source.type === 'pointermove' || source.type === 'mousemove' || source.type === 'touchmove')) {
+                 context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+               }
+             } else {
+               selection.classed('selected', true);
+               context.selectedErrorID(selectedErrorID);
+             }
+           }
 
-                   containerEnter
-                       .append('ul')
-                       .attr('class', 'changeset-list');
+           function esc() {
+             if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }
+         };
 
-                   container = containerEnter
-                       .merge(container);
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+           context.surface().selectAll('.qaItem.selected').classed('selected hover', false);
+           context.map().on('drawn.select-error', null);
+           context.ui().sidebar.hide();
+           context.selectedErrorID(null);
+           context.features().forceVisible([]);
+         };
 
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-                   var items = container.select('ul').selectAll('li')
-                       .data(issues, function(d) { return d.id; });
+       function uiToolOldDrawModes(context) {
+         var tool = {
+           id: 'old_modes',
+           label: _t.html('toolbar.add_feature')
+         };
+         var modes = [modeAddPoint(context, {
+           title: _t.html('modes.add_point.title'),
+           button: 'point',
+           description: _t.html('modes.add_point.description'),
+           preset: _mainPresetIndex.item('point'),
+           key: '1'
+         }), modeAddLine(context, {
+           title: _t.html('modes.add_line.title'),
+           button: 'line',
+           description: _t.html('modes.add_line.description'),
+           preset: _mainPresetIndex.item('line'),
+           key: '2'
+         }), modeAddArea(context, {
+           title: _t.html('modes.add_area.title'),
+           button: 'area',
+           description: _t.html('modes.add_area.description'),
+           preset: _mainPresetIndex.item('area'),
+           key: '3'
+         })];
+
+         function enabled() {
+           return osmEditable();
+         }
+
+         function osmEditable() {
+           return context.editable();
+         }
+
+         modes.forEach(function (mode) {
+           context.keybinding().on(mode.key, function () {
+             if (!enabled()) return;
+
+             if (mode.id === context.mode().id) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             } else {
+               context.enter(mode);
+             }
+           });
+         });
 
-                   items.exit()
-                       .remove();
+         tool.render = function (selection) {
+           var wrap = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'joined').style('display', 'flex');
 
-                   var itemsEnter = items.enter()
-                       .append('li')
-                       .attr('class', issueItem);
+           var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, {
+             leading: true,
+             trailing: true
+           });
 
-                   itemsEnter
-                       .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'pre-text'));
+           context.map().on('move.modes', debouncedUpdate).on('drawn.modes', debouncedUpdate);
+           context.on('enter.modes', update);
+           update();
 
-                   itemsEnter
-                       .append('strong')
-                       .attr('class', 'issue-message');
+           function update() {
+             var buttons = wrap.selectAll('button.add-button').data(modes, function (d) {
+               return d.id;
+             }); // exit
 
-                   itemsEnter.filter(function(d) { return d.tooltip; })
-                       .call(uiTooltip()
-                           .title(function(d) { return d.tooltip; })
-                           .placement('top')
-                       );
+             buttons.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-                   items = itemsEnter
-                       .merge(items);
+             var buttonsEnter = buttons.enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
+               return d.id + ' add-button bar-button';
+             }).on('click.mode-buttons', function (d3_event, d) {
+               if (!enabled()) return; // When drawing, ignore accidental clicks on mode buttons - #4042
 
-                   items.selectAll('.issue-message')
-                       .text(function(d) {
-                           return d.message(context);
-                       });
+               var currMode = context.mode().id;
+               if (/^draw/.test(currMode)) return;
 
-                   items
-                       .on('mouseover', function(d) {
-                           if (d.entityIds) {
-                               context.surface().selectAll(
-                                   utilEntityOrMemberSelector(
-                                       d.entityIds,
-                                       context.graph()
-                                   )
-                               ).classed('hover', true);
-                           }
-                       })
-                       .on('mouseout', function() {
-                           context.surface().selectAll('.hover')
-                               .classed('hover', false);
-                       })
-                       .on('click', function(d) {
-                           context.validator().focusIssue(d);
-                       });
-               }
+               if (d.id === currMode) {
+                 context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+               } else {
+                 context.enter(d);
+               }
+             }).call(uiTooltip().placement('bottom').title(function (d) {
+               return d.description;
+             }).keys(function (d) {
+               return [d.key];
+             }).scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar')));
+             buttonsEnter.each(function (d) {
+               select(this).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + d.button));
+             });
+             buttonsEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'label').html(function (mode) {
+               return mode.title;
+             }); // if we are adding/removing the buttons, check if toolbar has overflowed
+
+             if (buttons.enter().size() || buttons.exit().size()) {
+               context.ui().checkOverflow('.top-toolbar', true);
+             } // update
+
+
+             buttons = buttons.merge(buttonsEnter).attr('aria-disabled', function (d) {
+               return !enabled();
+             }).classed('disabled', function (d) {
+               return !enabled();
+             }).attr('aria-pressed', function (d) {
+               return context.mode() && context.mode().button === d.button;
+             }).classed('active', function (d) {
+               return context.mode() && context.mode().button === d.button;
+             });
            }
+         };
 
-
-           return commitWarnings;
+         return tool;
        }
 
-       var readOnlyTags = [
-           /^changesets_count$/,
-           /^created_by$/,
-           /^ideditor:/,
-           /^imagery_used$/,
-           /^host$/,
-           /^locale$/,
-           /^warnings:/,
-           /^resolved:/,
-           /^closed:note$/,
-           /^closed:keepright$/,
-           /^closed:improveosm:/,
-           /^closed:osmose:/
-       ];
-
-       // treat most punctuation (except -, _, +, &) as hashtag delimiters - #4398
-       // from https://stackoverflow.com/a/25575009
-       var hashtagRegex = /(#[^\u2000-\u206F\u2E00-\u2E7F\s\\'!"#$%()*,.\/:;<=>?@\[\]^`{|}~]+)/g;
-
-
-       function uiCommit(context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('cancel');
-           var _userDetails;
-           var _selection;
-
-           var changesetEditor = uiChangesetEditor(context)
-               .on('change', changeTags);
-           var rawTagEditor = uiSectionRawTagEditor('changeset-tag-editor', context)
-               .on('change', changeTags)
-               .readOnlyTags(readOnlyTags);
-           var commitChanges = uiSectionChanges(context);
-           var commitWarnings = uiCommitWarnings(context);
+       function uiToolNotes(context) {
+         var tool = {
+           id: 'notes',
+           label: _t.html('modes.add_note.label')
+         };
+         var mode = modeAddNote(context);
 
+         function enabled() {
+           return notesEnabled() && notesEditable();
+         }
 
-           function commit(selection) {
-               _selection = selection;
+         function notesEnabled() {
+           var noteLayer = context.layers().layer('notes');
+           return noteLayer && noteLayer.enabled();
+         }
 
-               // Initialize changeset if one does not exist yet.
-               if (!context.changeset) initChangeset();
+         function notesEditable() {
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           return context.map().notesEditable() && mode && mode.id !== 'save';
+         }
 
-               loadDerivedChangesetTags();
+         context.keybinding().on(mode.key, function () {
+           if (!enabled()) return;
 
-               selection.call(render);
+           if (mode.id === context.mode().id) {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           } else {
+             context.enter(mode);
            }
+         });
 
-           function initChangeset() {
-
-               // expire stored comment, hashtags, source after cutoff datetime - #3947 #4899
-               var commentDate = +corePreferences('commentDate') || 0;
-               var currDate = Date.now();
-               var cutoff = 2 * 86400 * 1000;   // 2 days
-               if (commentDate > currDate || currDate - commentDate > cutoff) {
-                   corePreferences('comment', null);
-                   corePreferences('hashtags', null);
-                   corePreferences('source', null);
-               }
-
-               // load in explicitly-set values, if any
-               if (context.defaultChangesetComment()) {
-                   corePreferences('comment', context.defaultChangesetComment());
-                   corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
-               }
-               if (context.defaultChangesetSource()) {
-                   corePreferences('source', context.defaultChangesetSource());
-                   corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
-               }
-               if (context.defaultChangesetHashtags()) {
-                   corePreferences('hashtags', context.defaultChangesetHashtags());
-                   corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
-               }
-
-               var detected = utilDetect();
-               var tags = {
-                   comment: corePreferences('comment') || '',
-                   created_by: context.cleanTagValue('iD ' + context.version),
-                   host: context.cleanTagValue(detected.host),
-                   locale: context.cleanTagValue(_mainLocalizer.localeCode())
-               };
-
-               // call findHashtags initially - this will remove stored
-               // hashtags if any hashtags are found in the comment - #4304
-               findHashtags(tags, true);
+         tool.render = function (selection) {
+           var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, {
+             leading: true,
+             trailing: true
+           });
 
-               var hashtags = corePreferences('hashtags');
-               if (hashtags) {
-                   tags.hashtags = hashtags;
-               }
+           context.map().on('move.notes', debouncedUpdate).on('drawn.notes', debouncedUpdate);
+           context.on('enter.notes', update);
+           update();
 
-               var source = corePreferences('source');
-               if (source) {
-                   tags.source = source;
-               }
-               var photoOverlaysUsed = context.history().photoOverlaysUsed();
-               if (photoOverlaysUsed.length) {
-                   var sources = (tags.source || '').split(';');
+           function update() {
+             var showNotes = notesEnabled();
+             var data = showNotes ? [mode] : [];
+             var buttons = selection.selectAll('button.add-button').data(data, function (d) {
+               return d.id;
+             }); // exit
 
-                   // include this tag for any photo layer
-                   if (sources.indexOf('streetlevel imagery') === -1) {
-                       sources.push('streetlevel imagery');
-                   }
+             buttons.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-                   // add the photo overlays used during editing as sources
-                   photoOverlaysUsed.forEach(function(photoOverlay) {
-                       if (sources.indexOf(photoOverlay) === -1) {
-                           sources.push(photoOverlay);
-                       }
-                   });
+             var buttonsEnter = buttons.enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
+               return d.id + ' add-button bar-button';
+             }).on('click.notes', function (d3_event, d) {
+               if (!enabled()) return; // When drawing, ignore accidental clicks on mode buttons - #4042
 
-                   tags.source = context.cleanTagValue(sources.join(';'));
-               }
+               var currMode = context.mode().id;
+               if (/^draw/.test(currMode)) return;
 
-               context.changeset = new osmChangeset({ tags: tags });
+               if (d.id === currMode) {
+                 context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+               } else {
+                 context.enter(d);
+               }
+             }).call(uiTooltip().placement('bottom').title(function (d) {
+               return d.description;
+             }).keys(function (d) {
+               return [d.key];
+             }).scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar')));
+             buttonsEnter.each(function (d) {
+               select(this).call(svgIcon(d.icon || '#iD-icon-' + d.button));
+             }); // if we are adding/removing the buttons, check if toolbar has overflowed
+
+             if (buttons.enter().size() || buttons.exit().size()) {
+               context.ui().checkOverflow('.top-toolbar', true);
+             } // update
+
+
+             buttons = buttons.merge(buttonsEnter).classed('disabled', function (d) {
+               return !enabled();
+             }).attr('aria-disabled', function (d) {
+               return !enabled();
+             }).classed('active', function (d) {
+               return context.mode() && context.mode().button === d.button;
+             }).attr('aria-pressed', function (d) {
+               return context.mode() && context.mode().button === d.button;
+             });
            }
+         };
 
-           // Calculates read-only metadata tags based on the user's editing session and applies
-           // them to the changeset.
-           function loadDerivedChangesetTags() {
-
-               var osm = context.connection();
-               if (!osm) return;
+         tool.uninstall = function () {
+           context.on('enter.editor.notes', null).on('exit.editor.notes', null).on('enter.notes', null);
+           context.map().on('move.notes', null).on('drawn.notes', null);
+         };
 
-               var tags = Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags);   // shallow copy
+         return tool;
+       }
 
-               // assign tags for imagery used
-               var imageryUsed = context.cleanTagValue(context.history().imageryUsed().join(';'));
-               tags.imagery_used = imageryUsed || 'None';
+       function uiToolSave(context) {
+         var tool = {
+           id: 'save',
+           label: _t.html('save.title')
+         };
+         var button = null;
+         var tooltipBehavior = null;
+         var history = context.history();
+         var key = uiCmd('⌘S');
+         var _numChanges = 0;
 
-               // assign tags for closed issues and notes
-               var osmClosed = osm.getClosedIDs();
-               var itemType;
-               if (osmClosed.length) {
-                   tags['closed:note'] = context.cleanTagValue(osmClosed.join(';'));
-               }
-               if (services.keepRight) {
-                   var krClosed = services.keepRight.getClosedIDs();
-                   if (krClosed.length) {
-                       tags['closed:keepright'] = context.cleanTagValue(krClosed.join(';'));
-                   }
-               }
-               if (services.improveOSM) {
-                   var iOsmClosed = services.improveOSM.getClosedCounts();
-                   for (itemType in iOsmClosed) {
-                       tags['closed:improveosm:' + itemType] = context.cleanTagValue(iOsmClosed[itemType].toString());
-                   }
-               }
-               if (services.osmose) {
-                   var osmoseClosed = services.osmose.getClosedCounts();
-                   for (itemType in osmoseClosed) {
-                       tags['closed:osmose:' + itemType] = context.cleanTagValue(osmoseClosed[itemType].toString());
-                   }
-               }
+         function isSaving() {
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           return mode && mode.id === 'save';
+         }
 
-               // remove existing issue counts
-               for (var key in tags) {
-                   if (key.match(/(^warnings:)|(^resolved:)/)) {
-                       delete tags[key];
-                   }
-               }
+         function isDisabled() {
+           return _numChanges === 0 || isSaving();
+         }
 
-               function addIssueCounts(issues, prefix) {
-                   var issuesByType = utilArrayGroupBy(issues, 'type');
-                   for (var issueType in issuesByType) {
-                       var issuesOfType = issuesByType[issueType];
-                       if (issuesOfType[0].subtype) {
-                           var issuesBySubtype = utilArrayGroupBy(issuesOfType, 'subtype');
-                           for (var issueSubtype in issuesBySubtype) {
-                               var issuesOfSubtype = issuesBySubtype[issueSubtype];
-                               tags[prefix + ':' + issueType + ':' + issueSubtype] = context.cleanTagValue(issuesOfSubtype.length.toString());
-                           }
-                       } else {
-                           tags[prefix + ':' + issueType] = context.cleanTagValue(issuesOfType.length.toString());
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+         function save(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-               // add counts of warnings generated by the user's edits
-               var warnings = context.validator()
-                   .getIssuesBySeverity({ what: 'edited', where: 'all', includeIgnored: true, includeDisabledRules: true }).warning;
-               addIssueCounts(warnings, 'warnings');
+           if (!context.inIntro() && !isSaving() && history.hasChanges()) {
+             context.enter(modeSave(context));
+           }
+         }
 
-               // add counts of issues resolved by the user's edits
-               var resolvedIssues = context.validator().getResolvedIssues();
-               addIssueCounts(resolvedIssues, 'resolved');
+         function bgColor() {
+           var step;
 
-               context.changeset = context.changeset.update({ tags: tags });
+           if (_numChanges === 0) {
+             return null;
+           } else if (_numChanges <= 50) {
+             step = _numChanges / 50;
+             return d3_interpolateRgb('#fff', '#ff8')(step); // white -> yellow
+           } else {
+             step = Math.min((_numChanges - 50) / 50, 1.0);
+             return d3_interpolateRgb('#ff8', '#f88')(step); // yellow -> red
            }
+         }
 
-           function render(selection) {
+         function updateCount() {
+           var val = history.difference().summary().length;
+           if (val === _numChanges) return;
+           _numChanges = val;
 
-               var osm = context.connection();
-               if (!osm) return;
+           if (tooltipBehavior) {
+             tooltipBehavior.title(_t.html(_numChanges > 0 ? 'save.help' : 'save.no_changes')).keys([key]);
+           }
 
-               var header = selection.selectAll('.header')
-                   .data([0]);
+           if (button) {
+             button.classed('disabled', isDisabled()).style('background', bgColor());
+             button.select('span.count').text(_numChanges);
+           }
+         }
 
-               var headerTitle = header.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'header fillL header-container');
+         tool.render = function (selection) {
+           tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement('bottom').title(_t.html('save.no_changes')).keys([key]).scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'));
+           var lastPointerUpType;
+           button = selection.append('button').attr('class', 'save disabled bar-button').on('pointerup', function (d3_event) {
+             lastPointerUpType = d3_event.pointerType;
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             save(d3_event);
 
-               headerTitle
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'header-block header-block-outer');
+             if (_numChanges === 0 && (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen')) {
+               // there are no tooltips for touch interactions so flash feedback instead
+               context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#iD-icon-save').iconClass('disabled').label(_t.html('save.no_changes'))();
+             }
 
-               headerTitle
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'header-block')
-                   .append('h3')
-                   .text(_t('commit.title'));
+             lastPointerUpType = null;
+           }).call(tooltipBehavior);
+           button.call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-save'));
+           button.append('span').attr('class', 'count').attr('aria-hidden', 'true').text('0');
+           updateCount();
+           context.keybinding().on(key, save, true);
+           context.history().on('change.save', updateCount);
+           context.on('enter.save', function () {
+             if (button) {
+               button.classed('disabled', isDisabled());
 
-               headerTitle
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'header-block header-block-outer header-block-close')
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'close')
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       dispatch$1.call('cancel', this);
-                   })
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
-
-               var body = selection.selectAll('.body')
-                   .data([0]);
-
-               body = body.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'body')
-                   .merge(body);
+               if (isSaving()) {
+                 button.call(tooltipBehavior.hide);
+               }
+             }
+           });
+         };
 
+         tool.uninstall = function () {
+           context.keybinding().off(key, true);
+           context.history().on('change.save', null);
+           context.on('enter.save', null);
+           button = null;
+           tooltipBehavior = null;
+         };
 
-               // Changeset Section
-               var changesetSection = body.selectAll('.changeset-editor')
-                   .data([0]);
+         return tool;
+       }
 
-               changesetSection = changesetSection.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'modal-section changeset-editor')
-                   .merge(changesetSection);
+       function uiToolSidebarToggle(context) {
+         var tool = {
+           id: 'sidebar_toggle',
+           label: _t.html('toolbar.inspect')
+         };
 
-               changesetSection
-                   .call(changesetEditor
-                       .changesetID(context.changeset.id)
-                       .tags(context.changeset.tags)
-                   );
+         tool.render = function (selection) {
+           selection.append('button').attr('class', 'bar-button').attr('aria-label', _t('sidebar.tooltip')).on('click', function () {
+             context.ui().sidebar.toggle();
+           }).call(uiTooltip().placement('bottom').title(_t.html('sidebar.tooltip')).keys([_t('sidebar.key')]).scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'))).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-sidebar-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')));
+         };
 
+         return tool;
+       }
 
-               // Warnings
-               body.call(commitWarnings);
+       function uiToolUndoRedo(context) {
+         var tool = {
+           id: 'undo_redo',
+           label: _t.html('toolbar.undo_redo')
+         };
+         var commands = [{
+           id: 'undo',
+           cmd: uiCmd('⌘Z'),
+           action: function action() {
+             context.undo();
+           },
+           annotation: function annotation() {
+             return context.history().undoAnnotation();
+           },
+           icon: 'iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'redo' : 'undo')
+         }, {
+           id: 'redo',
+           cmd: uiCmd('⌘⇧Z'),
+           action: function action() {
+             context.redo();
+           },
+           annotation: function annotation() {
+             return context.history().redoAnnotation();
+           },
+           icon: 'iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'undo' : 'redo')
+         }];
 
+         function editable() {
+           return context.mode() && context.mode().id !== 'save' && context.map().editableDataEnabled(true
+           /* ignore min zoom */
+           );
+         }
 
-               // Upload Explanation
-               var saveSection = body.selectAll('.save-section')
-                   .data([0]);
+         tool.render = function (selection) {
+           var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement('bottom').title(function (d) {
+             return d.annotation() ? _t.html(d.id + '.tooltip', {
+               action: d.annotation()
+             }) : _t.html(d.id + '.nothing');
+           }).keys(function (d) {
+             return [d.cmd];
+           }).scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'));
+           var lastPointerUpType;
+           var buttons = selection.selectAll('button').data(commands).enter().append('button').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'disabled ' + d.id + '-button bar-button';
+           }).on('pointerup', function (d3_event) {
+             // `pointerup` is always called before `click`
+             lastPointerUpType = d3_event.pointerType;
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var annotation = d.annotation();
+
+             if (editable() && annotation) {
+               d.action();
+             }
+
+             if (editable() && (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen')) {
+               // there are no tooltips for touch interactions so flash feedback instead
+               var text = annotation ? _t.html(d.id + '.tooltip', {
+                 action: annotation
+               }) : _t.html(d.id + '.nothing');
+               context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#' + d.icon).iconClass(annotation ? '' : 'disabled').label(text)();
+             }
+
+             lastPointerUpType = null;
+           }).call(tooltipBehavior);
+           buttons.each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(svgIcon('#' + d.icon));
+           });
+           context.keybinding().on(commands[0].cmd, function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             if (editable()) commands[0].action();
+           }).on(commands[1].cmd, function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             if (editable()) commands[1].action();
+           });
 
-               saveSection = saveSection.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class','modal-section save-section fillL')
-                   .merge(saveSection);
+           var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, {
+             leading: true,
+             trailing: true
+           });
+
+           context.map().on('move.undo_redo', debouncedUpdate).on('drawn.undo_redo', debouncedUpdate);
+           context.history().on('change.undo_redo', function (difference) {
+             if (difference) update();
+           });
+           context.on('enter.undo_redo', update);
 
-               var prose = saveSection.selectAll('.commit-info')
-                   .data([0]);
+           function update() {
+             buttons.classed('disabled', function (d) {
+               return !editable() || !d.annotation();
+             }).each(function () {
+               var selection = select(this);
 
-               if (prose.enter().size()) {   // first time, make sure to update user details in prose
-                   _userDetails = null;
+               if (!selection.select('.tooltip.in').empty()) {
+                 selection.call(tooltipBehavior.updateContent);
                }
+             });
+           }
+         };
 
-               prose = prose.enter()
-                   .append('p')
-                   .attr('class', 'commit-info')
-                   .text(_t('commit.upload_explanation'))
-                   .merge(prose);
+         tool.uninstall = function () {
+           context.keybinding().off(commands[0].cmd).off(commands[1].cmd);
+           context.map().on('move.undo_redo', null).on('drawn.undo_redo', null);
+           context.history().on('change.undo_redo', null);
+           context.on('enter.undo_redo', null);
+         };
 
-               // always check if this has changed, but only update prose.html()
-               // if needed, because it can trigger a style recalculation
-               osm.userDetails(function(err, user) {
-                   if (err) return;
+         return tool;
+       }
 
-                   if (_userDetails === user) return;  // no change
-                   _userDetails = user;
+       function uiTopToolbar(context) {
+         var sidebarToggle = uiToolSidebarToggle(context),
+             modes = uiToolOldDrawModes(context),
+             notes = uiToolNotes(context),
+             undoRedo = uiToolUndoRedo(context),
+             save = uiToolSave(context);
 
-                   var userLink = select(document.createElement('div'));
+         function notesEnabled() {
+           var noteLayer = context.layers().layer('notes');
+           return noteLayer && noteLayer.enabled();
+         }
 
-                   if (user.image_url) {
-                       userLink
-                           .append('img')
-                           .attr('src', user.image_url)
-                           .attr('class', 'icon pre-text user-icon');
-                   }
+         function topToolbar(bar) {
+           bar.on('wheel.topToolbar', function (d3_event) {
+             if (!d3_event.deltaX) {
+               // translate vertical scrolling into horizontal scrolling in case
+               // the user doesn't have an input device that can scroll horizontally
+               bar.node().scrollLeft += d3_event.deltaY;
+             }
+           });
 
-                   userLink
-                       .append('a')
-                       .attr('class', 'user-info')
-                       .text(user.display_name)
-                       .attr('href', osm.userURL(user.display_name))
-                       .attr('target', '_blank');
+           var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, {
+             leading: true,
+             trailing: true
+           });
 
-                   prose
-                       .html(_t('commit.upload_explanation_with_user', { user: userLink.html() }));
-               });
+           context.layers().on('change.topToolbar', debouncedUpdate);
+           update();
 
+           function update() {
+             var tools = [sidebarToggle, 'spacer', modes];
+             tools.push('spacer');
 
-               // Request Review
-               var requestReview = saveSection.selectAll('.request-review')
-                   .data([0]);
+             if (notesEnabled()) {
+               tools = tools.concat([notes, 'spacer']);
+             }
 
-               // Enter
-               var requestReviewEnter = requestReview.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'request-review');
+             tools = tools.concat([undoRedo, save]);
+             var toolbarItems = bar.selectAll('.toolbar-item').data(tools, function (d) {
+               return d.id || d;
+             });
+             toolbarItems.exit().each(function (d) {
+               if (d.uninstall) {
+                 d.uninstall();
+               }
+             }).remove();
+             var itemsEnter = toolbarItems.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+               var classes = 'toolbar-item ' + (d.id || d).replace('_', '-');
+               if (d.klass) classes += ' ' + d.klass;
+               return classes;
+             });
+             var actionableItems = itemsEnter.filter(function (d) {
+               return d !== 'spacer';
+             });
+             actionableItems.append('div').attr('class', 'item-content').each(function (d) {
+               select(this).call(d.render, bar);
+             });
+             actionableItems.append('div').attr('class', 'item-label').html(function (d) {
+               return d.label;
+             });
+           }
+         }
 
-               var requestReviewDomId = utilUniqueDomId('commit-input-request-review');
+         return topToolbar;
+       }
 
-               var labelEnter = requestReviewEnter
-                   .append('label')
-                   .attr('for', requestReviewDomId);
+       function uiZoomToSelection(context) {
+         function isDisabled() {
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           return !mode || !mode.zoomToSelected;
+         }
 
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'checkbox')
-                   .attr('id', requestReviewDomId);
+         var _lastPointerUpType;
 
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(_t('commit.request_review'));
+         function pointerup(d3_event) {
+           _lastPointerUpType = d3_event.pointerType;
+         }
 
-               // Update
-               requestReview = requestReview
-                   .merge(requestReviewEnter);
+         function click(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-               var requestReviewInput = requestReview.selectAll('input')
-                   .property('checked', isReviewRequested(context.changeset.tags))
-                   .on('change', toggleRequestReview);
+           if (isDisabled()) {
+             if (_lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || _lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
+               context.ui().flash.duration(2000).iconName('#iD-icon-framed-dot').iconClass('disabled').label(_t.html('inspector.zoom_to.no_selection'))();
+             }
+           } else {
+             var mode = context.mode();
 
+             if (mode && mode.zoomToSelected) {
+               mode.zoomToSelected();
+             }
+           }
 
-               // Buttons
-               var buttonSection = saveSection.selectAll('.buttons')
-                   .data([0]);
+           _lastPointerUpType = null;
+         }
 
-               // enter
-               var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'buttons fillL');
+         return function (selection) {
+           var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip().placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left').title(function () {
+             if (isDisabled()) {
+               return _t.html('inspector.zoom_to.no_selection');
+             }
 
-               buttonEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'secondary-action button cancel-button')
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'label')
-                   .text(_t('commit.cancel'));
+             return _t.html('inspector.zoom_to.title');
+           }).keys([_t('inspector.zoom_to.key')]);
+           var button = selection.append('button').on('pointerup', pointerup).on('click', click).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'light')).call(tooltipBehavior);
 
-               var uploadButton = buttonEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'action button save-button');
+           function setEnabledState() {
+             button.classed('disabled', isDisabled());
 
-               uploadButton.append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'label')
-                   .text(_t('commit.save'));
+             if (!button.select('.tooltip.in').empty()) {
+               button.call(tooltipBehavior.updateContent);
+             }
+           }
 
-               var uploadBlockerTooltipText = getUploadBlockerMessage();
+           context.on('enter.uiZoomToSelection', setEnabledState);
+           setEnabledState();
+         };
+       }
 
-               // update
-               buttonSection = buttonSection
-                   .merge(buttonEnter);
+       function uiPane(id, context) {
+         var _key;
 
-               buttonSection.selectAll('.cancel-button')
-                   .on('click.cancel', function() {
-                       dispatch$1.call('cancel', this);
-                   });
+         var _label = '';
+         var _description = '';
+         var _iconName = '';
 
-               buttonSection.selectAll('.save-button')
-                   .classed('disabled', uploadBlockerTooltipText !== null)
-                   .on('click.save', function() {
-                       if (!select(this).classed('disabled')) {
-                           this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
-                           context.uploader().save(context.changeset);
-                       }
-                   });
+         var _sections; // array of uiSection objects
 
-               // remove any existing tooltip
-               uiTooltip().destroyAny(buttonSection.selectAll('.save-button'));
 
-               if (uploadBlockerTooltipText) {
-                   buttonSection.selectAll('.save-button')
-                       .call(uiTooltip().title(uploadBlockerTooltipText).placement('top'));
-               }
+         var _paneSelection = select(null);
 
-               // Raw Tag Editor
-               var tagSection = body.selectAll('.tag-section.raw-tag-editor')
-                   .data([0]);
+         var _paneTooltip;
 
-               tagSection = tagSection.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'modal-section tag-section raw-tag-editor')
-                   .merge(tagSection);
+         var pane = {
+           id: id
+         };
 
-               tagSection
-                   .call(rawTagEditor
-                       .tags(Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags))   // shallow copy
-                       .render
-                   );
+         pane.label = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _label;
+           _label = val;
+           return pane;
+         };
 
-               var changesSection = body.selectAll('.commit-changes-section')
-                   .data([0]);
+         pane.key = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _key;
+           _key = val;
+           return pane;
+         };
 
-               changesSection = changesSection.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'modal-section commit-changes-section')
-                   .merge(changesSection);
+         pane.description = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _description;
+           _description = val;
+           return pane;
+         };
 
-               // Change summary
-               changesSection.call(commitChanges.render);
+         pane.iconName = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _iconName;
+           _iconName = val;
+           return pane;
+         };
 
+         pane.sections = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _sections;
+           _sections = val;
+           return pane;
+         };
 
-               function toggleRequestReview() {
-                   var rr = requestReviewInput.property('checked');
-                   updateChangeset({ review_requested: (rr ? 'yes' : undefined) });
+         pane.selection = function () {
+           return _paneSelection;
+         };
 
-                   tagSection
-                       .call(rawTagEditor
-                           .tags(Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags))   // shallow copy
-                           .render
-                       );
-               }
-           }
+         function hidePane() {
+           context.ui().togglePanes();
+         }
 
+         pane.togglePane = function (d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event) d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-           function getUploadBlockerMessage() {
-               var errors = context.validator()
-                   .getIssuesBySeverity({ what: 'edited', where: 'all' }).error;
+           _paneTooltip.hide();
 
-               if (errors.length) {
-                   return _t('commit.outstanding_errors_message', { count: errors.length });
+           context.ui().togglePanes(!_paneSelection.classed('shown') ? _paneSelection : undefined);
+         };
 
-               } else {
-                   var hasChangesetComment = context.changeset && context.changeset.tags.comment && context.changeset.tags.comment.trim().length;
-                   if (!hasChangesetComment) {
-                       return _t('commit.comment_needed_message');
-                   }
-               }
-               return null;
+         pane.renderToggleButton = function (selection) {
+           if (!_paneTooltip) {
+             _paneTooltip = uiTooltip().placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left').title(_description).keys([_key]);
            }
 
+           selection.append('button').on('click', pane.togglePane).call(svgIcon('#' + _iconName, 'light')).call(_paneTooltip);
+         };
 
-           function changeTags(_, changed, onInput) {
-               if (changed.hasOwnProperty('comment')) {
-                   if (changed.comment === undefined) {
-                       changed.comment = '';
-                   }
-                   if (!onInput) {
-                       corePreferences('comment', changed.comment);
-                       corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
-                   }
-               }
-               if (changed.hasOwnProperty('source')) {
-                   if (changed.source === undefined) {
-                       corePreferences('source', null);
-                   } else if (!onInput) {
-                       corePreferences('source', changed.source);
-                       corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
-                   }
-               }
-               // no need to update `prefs` for `hashtags` here since it's done in `updateChangeset`
-
-               updateChangeset(changed, onInput);
-
-               if (_selection) {
-                   _selection.call(render);
-               }
+         pane.renderContent = function (selection) {
+           // override to fully customize content
+           if (_sections) {
+             _sections.forEach(function (section) {
+               selection.call(section.render);
+             });
            }
+         };
 
+         pane.renderPane = function (selection) {
+           _paneSelection = selection.append('div').attr('class', 'fillL map-pane hide ' + id + '-pane').attr('pane', id);
 
-           function findHashtags(tags, commentOnly) {
-               var detectedHashtags = commentHashtags();
-
-               if (detectedHashtags.length) {
-                   // always remove stored hashtags if there are hashtags in the comment - #4304
-                   corePreferences('hashtags', null);
-               }
-               if (!detectedHashtags.length || !commentOnly) {
-                   detectedHashtags = detectedHashtags.concat(hashtagHashtags());
-               }
+           var heading = _paneSelection.append('div').attr('class', 'pane-heading');
 
-               var allLowerCase = new Set();
-               return detectedHashtags.filter(function(hashtag) {
-                   // Compare tags as lowercase strings, but keep original case tags
-                   var lowerCase = hashtag.toLowerCase();
-                   if (!allLowerCase.has(lowerCase)) {
-                       allLowerCase.add(lowerCase);
-                       return true;
-                   }
-                   return false;
-               });
+           heading.append('h2').html(_label);
+           heading.append('button').attr('title', _t('icons.close')).on('click', hidePane).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
 
-               // Extract hashtags from `comment`
-               function commentHashtags() {
-                   var matches = (tags.comment || '')
-                       .replace(/http\S*/g, '')  // drop anything that looks like a URL - #4289
-                       .match(hashtagRegex);
+           _paneSelection.append('div').attr('class', 'pane-content').call(pane.renderContent);
 
-                   return matches || [];
-               }
+           if (_key) {
+             context.keybinding().on(_key, pane.togglePane);
+           }
+         };
 
-               // Extract and clean hashtags from `hashtags`
-               function hashtagHashtags() {
-                   var matches = (tags.hashtags || '')
-                       .split(/[,;\s]+/)
-                       .map(function (s) {
-                           if (s[0] !== '#') { s = '#' + s; }    // prepend '#'
-                           var matched = s.match(hashtagRegex);
-                           return matched && matched[0];
-                       }).filter(Boolean);                       // exclude falsy
+         return pane;
+       }
 
-                   return matches || [];
-               }
-           }
+       function uiSectionBackgroundDisplayOptions(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('background-display-options', context).label(_t.html('background.display_options')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
 
+         var _detected = utilDetect();
 
-           function isReviewRequested(tags) {
-               var rr = tags.review_requested;
-               if (rr === undefined) return false;
-               rr = rr.trim().toLowerCase();
-               return !(rr === '' || rr === 'no');
-           }
+         var _storedOpacity = corePreferences('background-opacity');
 
+         var _minVal = 0;
 
-           function updateChangeset(changed, onInput) {
-               var tags = Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags);   // shallow copy
+         var _maxVal = _detected.cssfilters ? 3 : 1;
 
-               Object.keys(changed).forEach(function(k) {
-                   var v = changed[k];
-                   k = context.cleanTagKey(k);
-                   if (readOnlyTags.indexOf(k) !== -1) return;
+         var _sliders = _detected.cssfilters ? ['brightness', 'contrast', 'saturation', 'sharpness'] : ['brightness'];
 
-                   if (k !== '' && v !== undefined) {
-                       if (onInput) {
-                           tags[k] = v;
-                       } else {
-                           tags[k] = context.cleanTagValue(v);
-                       }
-                   } else {
-                       delete tags[k];
-                   }
-               });
+         var _options = {
+           brightness: _storedOpacity !== null ? +_storedOpacity : 1,
+           contrast: 1,
+           saturation: 1,
+           sharpness: 1
+         };
 
-               if (!onInput) {
-                   // when changing the comment, override hashtags with any found in comment.
-                   var commentOnly = changed.hasOwnProperty('comment') && (changed.comment !== '');
-                   var arr = findHashtags(tags, commentOnly);
-                   if (arr.length) {
-                       tags.hashtags = context.cleanTagValue(arr.join(';'));
-                       corePreferences('hashtags', tags.hashtags);
-                   } else {
-                       delete tags.hashtags;
-                       corePreferences('hashtags', null);
-                   }
-               }
+         function clamp(x, min, max) {
+           return Math.max(min, Math.min(x, max));
+         }
 
-               // always update userdetails, just in case user reauthenticates as someone else
-               if (_userDetails && _userDetails.changesets_count !== undefined) {
-                   var changesetsCount = parseInt(_userDetails.changesets_count, 10) + 1;  // #4283
-                   tags.changesets_count = String(changesetsCount);
+         function updateValue(d, val) {
+           val = clamp(val, _minVal, _maxVal);
+           _options[d] = val;
+           context.background()[d](val);
 
-                   // first 100 edits - new user
-                   if (changesetsCount <= 100) {
-                       var s;
-                       s = corePreferences('walkthrough_completed');
-                       if (s) {
-                           tags['ideditor:walkthrough_completed'] = s;
-                       }
+           if (d === 'brightness') {
+             corePreferences('background-opacity', val);
+           }
 
-                       s = corePreferences('walkthrough_progress');
-                       if (s) {
-                           tags['ideditor:walkthrough_progress'] = s;
-                       }
+           section.reRender();
+         }
 
-                       s = corePreferences('walkthrough_started');
-                       if (s) {
-                           tags['ideditor:walkthrough_started'] = s;
-                       }
-                   }
-               } else {
-                   delete tags.changesets_count;
-               }
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.display-options-container').data([0]);
+           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'display-options-container controls-list'); // add slider controls
 
-               if (!fastDeepEqual(context.changeset.tags, tags)) {
-                   context.changeset = context.changeset.update({ tags: tags });
-               }
-           }
+           var slidersEnter = containerEnter.selectAll('.display-control').data(_sliders).enter().append('label').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'display-control display-control-' + d;
+           });
+           slidersEnter.html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('background.' + d);
+           }).append('span').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'display-option-value display-option-value-' + d;
+           });
+           var sildersControlEnter = slidersEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'control-wrap');
+           sildersControlEnter.append('input').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'display-option-input display-option-input-' + d;
+           }).attr('type', 'range').attr('min', _minVal).attr('max', _maxVal).attr('step', '0.05').on('input', function (d3_event, d) {
+             var val = select(this).property('value');
 
+             if (!val && d3_event && d3_event.target) {
+               val = d3_event.target.value;
+             }
 
-           commit.reset = function() {
-               context.changeset = null;
-           };
+             updateValue(d, val);
+           });
+           sildersControlEnter.append('button').attr('title', function (d) {
+             return "".concat(_t('background.reset'), " ").concat(_t('background.' + d));
+           }).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'display-option-reset display-option-reset-' + d;
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             if (d3_event.button !== 0) return;
+             updateValue(d, 1);
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'redo' : 'undo'))); // reset all button
+
+           containerEnter.append('a').attr('class', 'display-option-resetlink').attr('role', 'button').attr('href', '#').call(_t.append('background.reset_all')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+
+             for (var i = 0; i < _sliders.length; i++) {
+               updateValue(_sliders[i], 1);
+             }
+           }); // update
+
+           container = containerEnter.merge(container);
+           container.selectAll('.display-option-input').property('value', function (d) {
+             return _options[d];
+           });
+           container.selectAll('.display-option-value').text(function (d) {
+             return Math.floor(_options[d] * 100) + '%';
+           });
+           container.selectAll('.display-option-reset').classed('disabled', function (d) {
+             return _options[d] === 1;
+           }); // first time only, set brightness if needed
 
+           if (containerEnter.size() && _options.brightness !== 1) {
+             context.background().brightness(_options.brightness);
+           }
+         }
 
-           return utilRebind(commit, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         return section;
        }
 
-       var RADIUS = 6378137;
-       var FLATTENING = 1/298.257223563;
-       var POLAR_RADIUS$1 = 6356752.3142;
+       function uiSettingsCustomBackground() {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+
+         function render(selection) {
+           // keep separate copies of original and current settings
+           var _origSettings = {
+             template: corePreferences('background-custom-template')
+           };
+           var _currSettings = {
+             template: corePreferences('background-custom-template')
+           };
+           var example = 'https://{switch:a,b,c}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{zoom}/{x}/{y}.png';
+           var modal = uiConfirm(selection).okButton();
+           modal.classed('settings-modal settings-custom-background', true);
+           modal.select('.modal-section.header').append('h3').call(_t.append('settings.custom_background.header'));
+           var textSection = modal.select('.modal-section.message-text');
+           var instructions = "".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.info'), "\n") + '\n' + "#### ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens_label'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.proj'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.wkid'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.dimensions'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.bbox'), "\n") + '\n' + "#### ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens_label'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.xyz'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.flipped_y'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.switch'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.quadtile'), "\n") + "* ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.scale_factor'), "\n") + '\n' + "#### ".concat(_t.html('settings.custom_background.instructions.example'), "\n") + "`".concat(example, "`");
+           textSection.append('div').attr('class', 'instructions-template').html(marked_1(instructions));
+           textSection.append('textarea').attr('class', 'field-template').attr('placeholder', _t('settings.custom_background.template.placeholder')).call(utilNoAuto).property('value', _currSettings.template); // insert a cancel button
+
+           var buttonSection = modal.select('.modal-section.buttons');
+           buttonSection.insert('button', '.ok-button').attr('class', 'button cancel-button secondary-action').call(_t.append('confirm.cancel'));
+           buttonSection.select('.cancel-button').on('click.cancel', clickCancel);
+           buttonSection.select('.ok-button').attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled).on('click.save', clickSave);
+
+           function isSaveDisabled() {
+             return null;
+           } // restore the original template
 
-       var wgs84 = {
-               RADIUS: RADIUS,
-               FLATTENING: FLATTENING,
-               POLAR_RADIUS: POLAR_RADIUS$1
-       };
 
-       var geometry_1 = geometry;
-       var ring = ringArea;
+           function clickCancel() {
+             textSection.select('.field-template').property('value', _origSettings.template);
+             corePreferences('background-custom-template', _origSettings.template);
+             this.blur();
+             modal.close();
+           } // accept the current template
 
-       function geometry(_) {
-           var area = 0, i;
-           switch (_.type) {
-               case 'Polygon':
-                   return polygonArea(_.coordinates);
-               case 'MultiPolygon':
-                   for (i = 0; i < _.coordinates.length; i++) {
-                       area += polygonArea(_.coordinates[i]);
-                   }
-                   return area;
-               case 'Point':
-               case 'MultiPoint':
-               case 'LineString':
-               case 'MultiLineString':
-                   return 0;
-               case 'GeometryCollection':
-                   for (i = 0; i < _.geometries.length; i++) {
-                       area += geometry(_.geometries[i]);
-                   }
-                   return area;
-           }
-       }
 
-       function polygonArea(coords) {
-           var area = 0;
-           if (coords && coords.length > 0) {
-               area += Math.abs(ringArea(coords[0]));
-               for (var i = 1; i < coords.length; i++) {
-                   area -= Math.abs(ringArea(coords[i]));
-               }
+           function clickSave() {
+             _currSettings.template = textSection.select('.field-template').property('value');
+             corePreferences('background-custom-template', _currSettings.template);
+             this.blur();
+             modal.close();
+             dispatch.call('change', this, _currSettings);
            }
-           return area;
-       }
+         }
 
-       /**
-        * Calculate the approximate area of the polygon were it projected onto
-        *     the earth.  Note that this area will be positive if ring is oriented
-        *     clockwise, otherwise it will be negative.
-        *
-        * Reference:
-        * Robert. G. Chamberlain and William H. Duquette, "Some Algorithms for
-        *     Polygons on a Sphere", JPL Publication 07-03, Jet Propulsion
-        *     Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, June 2007 http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/handle/2014/40409
-        *
-        * Returns:
-        * {float} The approximate signed geodesic area of the polygon in square
-        *     meters.
-        */
+         return utilRebind(render, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-       function ringArea(coords) {
-           var p1, p2, p3, lowerIndex, middleIndex, upperIndex, i,
-           area = 0,
-           coordsLength = coords.length;
-
-           if (coordsLength > 2) {
-               for (i = 0; i < coordsLength; i++) {
-                   if (i === coordsLength - 2) {// i = N-2
-                       lowerIndex = coordsLength - 2;
-                       middleIndex = coordsLength -1;
-                       upperIndex = 0;
-                   } else if (i === coordsLength - 1) {// i = N-1
-                       lowerIndex = coordsLength - 1;
-                       middleIndex = 0;
-                       upperIndex = 1;
-                   } else { // i = 0 to N-3
-                       lowerIndex = i;
-                       middleIndex = i+1;
-                       upperIndex = i+2;
-                   }
-                   p1 = coords[lowerIndex];
-                   p2 = coords[middleIndex];
-                   p3 = coords[upperIndex];
-                   area += ( rad(p3[0]) - rad(p1[0]) ) * Math.sin( rad(p2[1]));
-               }
+       function uiSectionBackgroundList(context) {
+         var _backgroundList = select(null);
 
-               area = area * wgs84.RADIUS * wgs84.RADIUS / 2;
-           }
+         var _customSource = context.background().findSource('custom');
 
-           return area;
-       }
+         var _settingsCustomBackground = uiSettingsCustomBackground().on('change', customChanged);
 
-       function rad(_) {
-           return _ * Math.PI / 180;
-       }
+         var section = uiSection('background-list', context).label(_t.html('background.backgrounds')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
 
-       var geojsonArea = {
-               geometry: geometry_1,
-               ring: ring
-       };
+         function previousBackgroundID() {
+           return corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle');
+         }
 
-       function toRadians(angleInDegrees) {
-         return (angleInDegrees * Math.PI) / 180;
-       }
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           // the background list
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-background-list').data([0]);
+           _backgroundList = container.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-background-list').attr('dir', 'auto').merge(container); // add minimap toggle below list
 
-       function toDegrees(angleInRadians) {
-         return (angleInRadians * 180) / Math.PI;
-       }
+           var bgExtrasListEnter = selection.selectAll('.bg-extras-list').data([0]).enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list bg-extras-list');
+           var minimapLabelEnter = bgExtrasListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'minimap-toggle-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('background.minimap.tooltip')).keys([_t('background.minimap.key')]).placement('top'));
+           minimapLabelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             uiMapInMap.toggle();
+           });
+           minimapLabelEnter.append('span').call(_t.append('background.minimap.description'));
+           var panelLabelEnter = bgExtrasListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'background-panel-toggle-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('background.panel.tooltip')).keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.background.key'))]).placement('top'));
+           panelLabelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.ui().info.toggle('background');
+           });
+           panelLabelEnter.append('span').call(_t.append('background.panel.description'));
+           var locPanelLabelEnter = bgExtrasListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'location-panel-toggle-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('background.location_panel.tooltip')).keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.location.key'))]).placement('top'));
+           locPanelLabelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.ui().info.toggle('location');
+           });
+           locPanelLabelEnter.append('span').call(_t.append('background.location_panel.description')); // "Info / Report a Problem" link
 
-       function offset(c1, distance, bearing) {
-         var lat1 = toRadians(c1[1]);
-         var lon1 = toRadians(c1[0]);
-         var dByR = distance / 6378137; // distance divided by 6378137 (radius of the earth) wgs84
-         var lat = Math.asin(
-           Math.sin(lat1) * Math.cos(dByR) +
-             Math.cos(lat1) * Math.sin(dByR) * Math.cos(bearing)
-         );
-         var lon =
-           lon1 +
-           Math.atan2(
-             Math.sin(bearing) * Math.sin(dByR) * Math.cos(lat1),
-             Math.cos(dByR) - Math.sin(lat1) * Math.sin(lat)
-           );
-         return [toDegrees(lon), toDegrees(lat)];
-       }
+           selection.selectAll('.imagery-faq').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('class', 'imagery-faq').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/develop/FAQ.md#how-can-i-report-an-issue-with-background-imagery').append('span').call(_t.append('background.imagery_problem_faq'));
 
-       function validateCenter(center) {
-         const validCenterLengths = [2, 3];
-         if (!Array.isArray(center) || !validCenterLengths.includes(center.length)) {
-           throw new Error("ERROR! Center has to be an array of length two or three");
-         }
-         const [lng, lat] = center;
-         if (typeof lng !== "number" || typeof lat !== "number") {
-           throw new Error(
-             `ERROR! Longitude and Latitude has to be numbers but where ${typeof lng} and ${typeof lat}`
-           );
-         }
-         if (lng > 180 || lng < -180) {
-           throw new Error(
-             `ERROR! Longitude has to be between -180 and 180 but was ${lng}`
-           );
+           _backgroundList.call(drawListItems, 'radio', function (d3_event, d) {
+             chooseBackground(d);
+           }, function (d) {
+             return !d.isHidden() && !d.overlay;
+           });
          }
 
-         if (lat > 90 || lat < -90) {
-           throw new Error(
-             `ERROR! Latitude has to be between -90 and 90 but was ${lat}`
-           );
-         }
-       }
+         function setTooltips(selection) {
+           selection.each(function (d, i, nodes) {
+             var item = select(this).select('label');
+             var span = item.select('span');
+             var placement = i < nodes.length / 2 ? 'bottom' : 'top';
+             var description = d.description();
+             var isOverflowing = span.property('clientWidth') !== span.property('scrollWidth');
+             item.call(uiTooltip().destroyAny);
 
-       function validateRadius(radius) {
-         if (typeof radius !== "number") {
-           throw new Error(
-             `ERROR! Radius has to be a positive number but was: ${typeof radius}`
-           );
+             if (d.id === previousBackgroundID()) {
+               item.call(uiTooltip().placement(placement).title('<div>' + _t.html('background.switch') + '</div>').keys([uiCmd('⌘' + _t('background.key'))]));
+             } else if (description || isOverflowing) {
+               item.call(uiTooltip().placement(placement).title(description || d.label()));
+             }
+           });
          }
 
-         if (radius <= 0) {
-           throw new Error(
-             `ERROR! Radius has to be a positive number but was: ${radius}`
-           );
+         function drawListItems(layerList, type, change, filter) {
+           var sources = context.background().sources(context.map().extent(), context.map().zoom(), true).filter(filter).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return a.best() && !b.best() ? -1 : b.best() && !a.best() ? 1 : d3_descending(a.area(), b.area()) || d3_ascending(a.name(), b.name()) || 0;
+           });
+           var layerLinks = layerList.selectAll('li') // We have to be a bit inefficient about reordering the list since
+           // arrow key navigation of radio values likes to work in the order
+           // they were added, not the display document order.
+           .data(sources, function (d, i) {
+             return d.id + '---' + i;
+           });
+           layerLinks.exit().remove();
+           var enter = layerLinks.enter().append('li').classed('layer-custom', function (d) {
+             return d.id === 'custom';
+           }).classed('best', function (d) {
+             return d.best();
+           });
+           var label = enter.append('label');
+           label.append('input').attr('type', type).attr('name', 'background-layer').attr('value', function (d) {
+             return d.id;
+           }).on('change', change);
+           label.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return d.label();
+           });
+           enter.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.id === 'custom';
+           }).append('button').attr('class', 'layer-browse').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('settings.custom_background.tooltip')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             editCustom();
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-more'));
+           enter.filter(function (d) {
+             return d.best();
+           }).append('div').attr('class', 'best').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('background.best_imagery')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')).append('span').html('&#9733;');
+           layerList.call(updateLayerSelections);
          }
-       }
 
-       function validateNumberOfSegments(numberOfSegments) {
-         if (typeof numberOfSegments !== "number" && numberOfSegments !== undefined) {
-           throw new Error(
-             `ERROR! Number of segments has to be a number but was: ${typeof numberOfSegments}`
-           );
+         function updateLayerSelections(selection) {
+           function active(d) {
+             return context.background().showsLayer(d);
+           }
+
+           selection.selectAll('li').classed('active', active).classed('switch', function (d) {
+             return d.id === previousBackgroundID();
+           }).call(setTooltips).selectAll('input').property('checked', active);
          }
 
-         if (numberOfSegments < 3) {
-           throw new Error(
-             `ERROR! Number of segments has to be at least 3 but was: ${numberOfSegments}`
-           );
+         function chooseBackground(d) {
+           if (d.id === 'custom' && !d.template()) {
+             return editCustom();
+           }
+
+           var previousBackground = context.background().baseLayerSource();
+           corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle', previousBackground.id);
+           corePreferences('background-last-used', d.id);
+           context.background().baseLayerSource(d);
          }
-       }
 
-       function validateInput({ center, radius, numberOfSegments }) {
-         validateCenter(center);
-         validateRadius(radius);
-         validateNumberOfSegments(numberOfSegments);
-       }
+         function customChanged(d) {
+           if (d && d.template) {
+             _customSource.template(d.template);
 
-       var circleToPolygon = function circleToPolygon(center, radius, numberOfSegments) {
-         var n = numberOfSegments ? numberOfSegments : 32;
+             chooseBackground(_customSource);
+           } else {
+             _customSource.template('');
 
-         // validateInput() throws error on invalid input and do nothing on valid input
-         validateInput({ center, radius, numberOfSegments });
+             chooseBackground(context.background().findSource('none'));
+           }
+         }
 
-         var coordinates = [];
-         for (var i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-           coordinates.push(offset(center, radius, (2 * Math.PI * -i) / n));
+         function editCustom() {
+           context.container().call(_settingsCustomBackground);
          }
-         coordinates.push(coordinates[0]);
 
-         return {
-           type: "Polygon",
-           coordinates: [coordinates]
-         };
-       };
+         context.background().on('change.background_list', function () {
+           _backgroundList.call(updateLayerSelections);
+         });
+         context.map().on('move.background_list', debounce(function () {
+           // layers in-view may have changed due to map move
+           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
+         }, 1000));
+         return section;
+       }
 
-       var geojsonPrecision = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
-       (function() {
+       function uiSectionBackgroundOffset(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('background-offset', context).label(_t.html('background.fix_misalignment')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).expandedByDefault(false);
 
-         function parse(t, coordinatePrecision, extrasPrecision) {
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-           function point(p) {
-             return p.map(function(e, index) {
-               if (index < 2) {
-                   return 1 * e.toFixed(coordinatePrecision);
-               } else {
-                   return 1 * e.toFixed(extrasPrecision);
-               }
-             });
-           }
+         var _directions = [['top', [0, -0.5]], ['left', [-0.5, 0]], ['right', [0.5, 0]], ['bottom', [0, 0.5]]];
 
-           function multi(l) {
-             return l.map(point);
-           }
+         function updateValue() {
+           var meters = geoOffsetToMeters(context.background().offset());
+           var x = +meters[0].toFixed(2);
+           var y = +meters[1].toFixed(2);
+           context.container().selectAll('.nudge-inner-rect').select('input').classed('error', false).property('value', x + ', ' + y);
+           context.container().selectAll('.nudge-reset').classed('disabled', function () {
+             return x === 0 && y === 0;
+           });
+         }
 
-           function poly(p) {
-             return p.map(multi);
-           }
+         function resetOffset() {
+           context.background().offset([0, 0]);
+           updateValue();
+         }
 
-           function multiPoly(m) {
-             return m.map(poly);
-           }
+         function nudge(d) {
+           context.background().nudge(d, context.map().zoom());
+           updateValue();
+         }
 
-           function geometry(obj) {
-             if (!obj) {
-               return {};
-             }
-             
-             switch (obj.type) {
-               case "Point":
-                 obj.coordinates = point(obj.coordinates);
-                 return obj;
-               case "LineString":
-               case "MultiPoint":
-                 obj.coordinates = multi(obj.coordinates);
-                 return obj;
-               case "Polygon":
-               case "MultiLineString":
-                 obj.coordinates = poly(obj.coordinates);
-                 return obj;
-               case "MultiPolygon":
-                 obj.coordinates = multiPoly(obj.coordinates);
-                 return obj;
-               case "GeometryCollection":
-                 obj.geometries = obj.geometries.map(geometry);
-                 return obj;
-               default :
-                 return {};
-             }
-           }
+         function inputOffset() {
+           var input = select(this);
+           var d = input.node().value;
+           if (d === '') return resetOffset();
+           d = d.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',').map(function (n) {
+             // if n is NaN, it will always get mapped to false.
+             return !isNaN(n) && n;
+           });
 
-           function feature(obj) {
-             obj.geometry = geometry(obj.geometry);
-             return obj
+           if (d.length !== 2 || !d[0] || !d[1]) {
+             input.classed('error', true);
+             return;
            }
 
-           function featureCollection(f) {
-             f.features = f.features.map(feature);
-             return f;
-           }
+           context.background().offset(geoMetersToOffset(d));
+           updateValue();
+         }
 
-           function geometryCollection(g) {
-             g.geometries = g.geometries.map(geometry);
-             return g;
+         function dragOffset(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.button !== 0) return;
+           var origin = [d3_event.clientX, d3_event.clientY];
+           var pointerId = d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse';
+           context.container().append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-surface');
+           select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag-bg-offset', pointermove).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag-bg-offset', pointerup);
+
+           if (_pointerPrefix === 'pointer') {
+             select(window).on('pointercancel.drag-bg-offset', pointerup);
            }
 
-           if (!t) {
-             return t;
+           function pointermove(d3_event) {
+             if (pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+             var latest = [d3_event.clientX, d3_event.clientY];
+             var d = [-(origin[0] - latest[0]) / 4, -(origin[1] - latest[1]) / 4];
+             origin = latest;
+             nudge(d);
            }
 
-           switch (t.type) {
-             case "Feature":
-               return feature(t);
-             case "GeometryCollection" :
-               return geometryCollection(t);
-             case "FeatureCollection" :
-               return featureCollection(t);
-             case "Point":
-             case "LineString":
-             case "Polygon":
-             case "MultiPoint":
-             case "MultiPolygon":
-             case "MultiLineString":
-               return geometry(t);
-             default :
-               return t;
+           function pointerup(d3_event) {
+             if (pointerId !== (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+             if (d3_event.button !== 0) return;
+             context.container().selectAll('.nudge-surface').remove();
+             select(window).on('.drag-bg-offset', null);
            }
-             
          }
 
-         module.exports = parse;
-         module.exports.parse = parse;
-
-       }());
-       });
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.nudge-container').data([0]);
+           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-container');
+           containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-instructions').call(_t.append('background.offset'));
+           var nudgeWrapEnter = containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-controls-wrap');
+           var nudgeEnter = nudgeWrapEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-outer-rect').on(_pointerPrefix + 'down', dragOffset);
+           nudgeEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'nudge-inner-rect').append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('aria-label', _t('background.offset_label')).on('change', inputOffset);
+           nudgeWrapEnter.append('div').selectAll('button').data(_directions).enter().append('button').attr('title', function (d) {
+             return _t("background.nudge.".concat(d[0]));
+           }).attr('class', function (d) {
+             return d[0] + ' nudge';
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             nudge(d[1]);
+           });
+           nudgeWrapEnter.append('button').attr('title', _t('background.reset')).attr('class', 'nudge-reset disabled').on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             resetOffset();
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'redo' : 'undo')));
+           updateValue();
+         }
 
-       /* Polyfill service v3.13.0
-        * For detailed credits and licence information see http://github.com/financial-times/polyfill-service
-        *
-        * - Array.prototype.fill, License: CC0 */
+         context.background().on('change.backgroundOffset-update', updateValue);
+         return section;
+       }
 
-       if (!('fill' in Array.prototype)) {
-         Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'fill', {
-           configurable: true,
-           value: function fill (value) {
-             if (this === undefined || this === null) {
-               throw new TypeError(this + ' is not an object')
-             }
+       function uiSectionOverlayList(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('overlay-list', context).label(_t.html('background.overlays')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
 
-             var arrayLike = Object(this);
+         var _overlayList = select(null);
 
-             var length = Math.max(Math.min(arrayLike.length, 9007199254740991), 0) || 0;
+         function setTooltips(selection) {
+           selection.each(function (d, i, nodes) {
+             var item = select(this).select('label');
+             var span = item.select('span');
+             var placement = i < nodes.length / 2 ? 'bottom' : 'top';
+             var description = d.description();
+             var isOverflowing = span.property('clientWidth') !== span.property('scrollWidth');
+             item.call(uiTooltip().destroyAny);
 
-             var relativeStart = 1 in arguments ? parseInt(Number(arguments[1]), 10) || 0 : 0;
+             if (description || isOverflowing) {
+               item.call(uiTooltip().placement(placement).title(description || d.name()));
+             }
+           });
+         }
 
-             relativeStart = relativeStart < 0 ? Math.max(length + relativeStart, 0) : Math.min(relativeStart, length);
+         function updateLayerSelections(selection) {
+           function active(d) {
+             return context.background().showsLayer(d);
+           }
 
-             var relativeEnd = 2 in arguments && arguments[2] !== undefined ? parseInt(Number(arguments[2]), 10) || 0 : length;
+           selection.selectAll('li').classed('active', active).call(setTooltips).selectAll('input').property('checked', active);
+         }
 
-             relativeEnd = relativeEnd < 0 ? Math.max(length + arguments[2], 0) : Math.min(relativeEnd, length);
+         function chooseOverlay(d3_event, d) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(d);
 
-             while (relativeStart < relativeEnd) {
-               arrayLike[relativeStart] = value;
+           _overlayList.call(updateLayerSelections);
 
-               ++relativeStart;
-             }
+           document.activeElement.blur();
+         }
 
-             return arrayLike
-           },
-           writable: true
-         });
-       }
+         function drawListItems(layerList, type, change, filter) {
+           var sources = context.background().sources(context.map().extent(), context.map().zoom(), true).filter(filter);
+           var layerLinks = layerList.selectAll('li').data(sources, function (d) {
+             return d.name();
+           });
+           layerLinks.exit().remove();
+           var enter = layerLinks.enter().append('li');
+           var label = enter.append('label');
+           label.append('input').attr('type', type).attr('name', 'layers').on('change', change);
+           label.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return d.label();
+           });
+           layerList.selectAll('li').sort(sortSources);
+           layerList.call(updateLayerSelections);
 
-       /**
-        * Polyfill for IE support
-        */
-       Number.isFinite = Number.isFinite || function (value) {
-         return typeof value === 'number' && isFinite(value)
-       };
+           function sortSources(a, b) {
+             return a.best() && !b.best() ? -1 : b.best() && !a.best() ? 1 : d3_descending(a.area(), b.area()) || d3_ascending(a.name(), b.name()) || 0;
+           }
+         }
 
-       Number.isInteger = Number.isInteger || function (val) {
-         return typeof val === 'number' &&
-         isFinite(val) &&
-         Math.floor(val) === val
-       };
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-overlay-list').data([0]);
+           _overlayList = container.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-overlay-list').attr('dir', 'auto').merge(container);
 
-       Number.parseFloat = Number.parseFloat || parseFloat;
+           _overlayList.call(drawListItems, 'checkbox', chooseOverlay, function (d) {
+             return !d.isHidden() && d.overlay;
+           });
+         }
 
-       Number.isNaN = Number.isNaN || function (value) {
-         return value !== value // eslint-disable-line
-       };
+         context.map().on('move.overlay_list', debounce(function () {
+           // layers in-view may have changed due to map move
+           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
+         }, 1000));
+         return section;
+       }
 
-       /**
-        * Polyfill for IE support
-        */
-       Math.trunc = Math.trunc || function (x) {
-         return x < 0 ? Math.ceil(x) : Math.floor(x)
-       };
+       function uiPaneBackground(context) {
+         var backgroundPane = uiPane('background', context).key(_t('background.key')).label(_t.html('background.title')).description(_t.html('background.description')).iconName('iD-icon-layers').sections([uiSectionBackgroundList(context), uiSectionOverlayList(context), uiSectionBackgroundDisplayOptions(context), uiSectionBackgroundOffset(context)]);
+         return backgroundPane;
+       }
 
-       var NumberUtil = function NumberUtil () {};
+       function uiPaneHelp(context) {
+         var docKeys = [['help', ['welcome', 'open_data_h', 'open_data', 'before_start_h', 'before_start', 'open_source_h', 'open_source', 'open_source_help']], ['overview', ['navigation_h', 'navigation_drag', 'navigation_zoom', 'features_h', 'features', 'nodes_ways']], ['editing', ['select_h', 'select_left_click', 'select_right_click', 'select_space', 'multiselect_h', 'multiselect', 'multiselect_shift_click', 'multiselect_lasso', 'undo_redo_h', 'undo_redo', 'save_h', 'save', 'save_validation', 'upload_h', 'upload', 'backups_h', 'backups', 'keyboard_h', 'keyboard']], ['feature_editor', ['intro', 'definitions', 'type_h', 'type', 'type_picker', 'fields_h', 'fields_all_fields', 'fields_example', 'fields_add_field', 'tags_h', 'tags_all_tags', 'tags_resources']], ['points', ['intro', 'add_point_h', 'add_point', 'add_point_finish', 'move_point_h', 'move_point', 'delete_point_h', 'delete_point', 'delete_point_command']], ['lines', ['intro', 'add_line_h', 'add_line', 'add_line_draw', 'add_line_continue', 'add_line_finish', 'modify_line_h', 'modify_line_dragnode', 'modify_line_addnode', 'connect_line_h', 'connect_line', 'connect_line_display', 'connect_line_drag', 'connect_line_tag', 'disconnect_line_h', 'disconnect_line_command', 'move_line_h', 'move_line_command', 'move_line_connected', 'delete_line_h', 'delete_line', 'delete_line_command']], ['areas', ['intro', 'point_or_area_h', 'point_or_area', 'add_area_h', 'add_area_command', 'add_area_draw', 'add_area_continue', 'add_area_finish', 'square_area_h', 'square_area_command', 'modify_area_h', 'modify_area_dragnode', 'modify_area_addnode', 'delete_area_h', 'delete_area', 'delete_area_command']], ['relations', ['intro', 'edit_relation_h', 'edit_relation', 'edit_relation_add', 'edit_relation_delete', 'maintain_relation_h', 'maintain_relation', 'relation_types_h', 'multipolygon_h', 'multipolygon', 'multipolygon_create', 'multipolygon_merge', 'turn_restriction_h', 'turn_restriction', 'turn_restriction_field', 'turn_restriction_editing', 'route_h', 'route', 'route_add', 'boundary_h', 'boundary', 'boundary_add']], ['operations', ['intro', 'intro_2', 'straighten', 'orthogonalize', 'circularize', 'move', 'rotate', 'reflect', 'continue', 'reverse', 'disconnect', 'split', 'extract', 'merge', 'delete', 'downgrade', 'copy_paste']], ['notes', ['intro', 'add_note_h', 'add_note', 'place_note', 'move_note', 'update_note_h', 'update_note', 'save_note_h', 'save_note']], ['imagery', ['intro', 'sources_h', 'choosing', 'sources', 'offsets_h', 'offset', 'offset_change']], ['streetlevel', ['intro', 'using_h', 'using', 'photos', 'viewer']], ['gps', ['intro', 'survey', 'using_h', 'using', 'tracing', 'upload']], ['qa', ['intro', 'tools_h', 'tools', 'issues_h', 'issues']]];
+         var headings = {
+           'help.help.open_data_h': 3,
+           'help.help.before_start_h': 3,
+           'help.help.open_source_h': 3,
+           'help.overview.navigation_h': 3,
+           'help.overview.features_h': 3,
+           'help.editing.select_h': 3,
+           'help.editing.multiselect_h': 3,
+           'help.editing.undo_redo_h': 3,
+           'help.editing.save_h': 3,
+           'help.editing.upload_h': 3,
+           'help.editing.backups_h': 3,
+           'help.editing.keyboard_h': 3,
+           'help.feature_editor.type_h': 3,
+           'help.feature_editor.fields_h': 3,
+           'help.feature_editor.tags_h': 3,
+           'help.points.add_point_h': 3,
+           'help.points.move_point_h': 3,
+           'help.points.delete_point_h': 3,
+           'help.lines.add_line_h': 3,
+           'help.lines.modify_line_h': 3,
+           'help.lines.connect_line_h': 3,
+           'help.lines.disconnect_line_h': 3,
+           'help.lines.move_line_h': 3,
+           'help.lines.delete_line_h': 3,
+           'help.areas.point_or_area_h': 3,
+           'help.areas.add_area_h': 3,
+           'help.areas.square_area_h': 3,
+           'help.areas.modify_area_h': 3,
+           'help.areas.delete_area_h': 3,
+           'help.relations.edit_relation_h': 3,
+           'help.relations.maintain_relation_h': 3,
+           'help.relations.relation_types_h': 2,
+           'help.relations.multipolygon_h': 3,
+           'help.relations.turn_restriction_h': 3,
+           'help.relations.route_h': 3,
+           'help.relations.boundary_h': 3,
+           'help.notes.add_note_h': 3,
+           'help.notes.update_note_h': 3,
+           'help.notes.save_note_h': 3,
+           'help.imagery.sources_h': 3,
+           'help.imagery.offsets_h': 3,
+           'help.streetlevel.using_h': 3,
+           'help.gps.using_h': 3,
+           'help.qa.tools_h': 3,
+           'help.qa.issues_h': 3
+         }; // For each section, squash all the texts into a single markdown document
+
+         var docs = docKeys.map(function (key) {
+           var helpkey = 'help.' + key[0];
+           var helpPaneReplacements = {
+             version: context.version
+           };
+           var text = key[1].reduce(function (all, part) {
+             var subkey = helpkey + '.' + part;
+             var depth = headings[subkey]; // is this subkey a heading?
+
+             var hhh = depth ? Array(depth + 1).join('#') + ' ' : ''; // if so, prepend with some ##'s
+
+             return all + hhh + helpHtml(subkey, helpPaneReplacements) + '\n\n';
+           }, '');
+           return {
+             title: _t.html(helpkey + '.title'),
+             content: marked_1(text.trim()) // use keyboard key styling for shortcuts
+             .replace(/<code>/g, '<kbd>').replace(/<\/code>/g, '<\/kbd>')
+           };
+         });
+         var helpPane = uiPane('help', context).key(_t('help.key')).label(_t.html('help.title')).description(_t.html('help.title')).iconName('iD-icon-help');
+
+         helpPane.renderContent = function (content) {
+           function clickHelp(d, i) {
+             var rtl = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl';
+             content.property('scrollTop', 0);
+             helpPane.selection().select('.pane-heading h2').html(d.title);
+             body.html(d.content);
+             body.selectAll('a').attr('target', '_blank');
+             menuItems.classed('selected', function (m) {
+               return m.title === d.title;
+             });
+             nav.html('');
 
-       NumberUtil.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       NumberUtil.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return NumberUtil
-       };
-       NumberUtil.prototype.equalsWithTolerance = function equalsWithTolerance (x1, x2, tolerance) {
-         return Math.abs(x1 - x2) <= tolerance
-       };
+             if (rtl) {
+               nav.call(drawNext).call(drawPrevious);
+             } else {
+               nav.call(drawPrevious).call(drawNext);
+             }
 
-       var IllegalArgumentException = (function (Error) {
-               function IllegalArgumentException (message) {
-                       Error.call(this, message);
-                       this.name = 'IllegalArgumentException';
-                       this.message = message;
-                       this.stack = (new Error()).stack;
-               }
-
-               if ( Error ) IllegalArgumentException.__proto__ = Error;
-               IllegalArgumentException.prototype = Object.create( Error && Error.prototype );
-               IllegalArgumentException.prototype.constructor = IllegalArgumentException;
-
-               return IllegalArgumentException;
-       }(Error));
-
-       var Double = function Double () {};
-
-       var staticAccessors$1 = { MAX_VALUE: { configurable: true } };
-
-       Double.isNaN = function isNaN (n) { return Number.isNaN(n) };
-       Double.doubleToLongBits = function doubleToLongBits (n) { return n };
-       Double.longBitsToDouble = function longBitsToDouble (n) { return n };
-       Double.isInfinite = function isInfinite (n) { return !Number.isFinite(n) };
-       staticAccessors$1.MAX_VALUE.get = function () { return Number.MAX_VALUE };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( Double, staticAccessors$1 );
-
-       var Comparable = function Comparable () {};
-
-       var Clonable = function Clonable () {};
-
-       var Comparator = function Comparator () {};
-
-       function Serializable () {}
-
-       // import Assert from '../util/Assert'
-
-       var Coordinate = function Coordinate () {
-         this.x = null;
-         this.y = null;
-         this.z = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           this.x = 0.0;
-           this.y = 0.0;
-           this.z = Coordinate.NULL_ORDINATE;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var c = arguments[0];
-           this.x = c.x;
-           this.y = c.y;
-           this.z = c.z;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           this.x = arguments[0];
-           this.y = arguments[1];
-           this.z = Coordinate.NULL_ORDINATE;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           this.x = arguments[0];
-           this.y = arguments[1];
-           this.z = arguments[2];
-         }
-       };
+             function drawNext(selection) {
+               if (i < docs.length - 1) {
+                 var nextLink = selection.append('a').attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'next').on('click', function (d3_event) {
+                   d3_event.preventDefault();
+                   clickHelp(docs[i + 1], i + 1);
+                 });
+                 nextLink.append('span').html(docs[i + 1].title).call(svgIcon(rtl ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward', 'inline'));
+               }
+             }
 
-       var staticAccessors = { DimensionalComparator: { configurable: true },serialVersionUID: { configurable: true },NULL_ORDINATE: { configurable: true },X: { configurable: true },Y: { configurable: true },Z: { configurable: true } };
-       Coordinate.prototype.setOrdinate = function setOrdinate (ordinateIndex, value) {
-         switch (ordinateIndex) {
-           case Coordinate.X:
-             this.x = value;
-             break
-           case Coordinate.Y:
-             this.y = value;
-             break
-           case Coordinate.Z:
-             this.z = value;
-             break
-           default:
-             throw new IllegalArgumentException('Invalid ordinate index: ' + ordinateIndex)
-         }
-       };
-       Coordinate.prototype.equals2D = function equals2D () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var other = arguments[0];
-           if (this.x !== other.x) {
-             return false
-           }
-           if (this.y !== other.y) {
-             return false
+             function drawPrevious(selection) {
+               if (i > 0) {
+                 var prevLink = selection.append('a').attr('href', '#').attr('class', 'previous').on('click', function (d3_event) {
+                   d3_event.preventDefault();
+                   clickHelp(docs[i - 1], i - 1);
+                 });
+                 prevLink.call(svgIcon(rtl ? '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-backward', 'inline')).append('span').html(docs[i - 1].title);
+               }
+             }
            }
-           return true
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var c = arguments[0];
-           var tolerance = arguments[1];
-           if (!NumberUtil.equalsWithTolerance(this.x, c.x, tolerance)) {
-             return false
+
+           function clickWalkthrough(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             if (context.inIntro()) return;
+             context.container().call(uiIntro(context));
+             context.ui().togglePanes();
            }
-           if (!NumberUtil.equalsWithTolerance(this.y, c.y, tolerance)) {
-             return false
+
+           function clickShortcuts(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.container().call(context.ui().shortcuts, true);
            }
-           return true
-         }
-       };
-       Coordinate.prototype.getOrdinate = function getOrdinate (ordinateIndex) {
-         switch (ordinateIndex) {
-           case Coordinate.X:
-             return this.x
-           case Coordinate.Y:
-             return this.y
-           case Coordinate.Z:
-             return this.z
-         }
-         throw new IllegalArgumentException('Invalid ordinate index: ' + ordinateIndex)
-       };
-       Coordinate.prototype.equals3D = function equals3D (other) {
-         return this.x === other.x &&
-                this.y === other.y &&
-                ((this.z === other.z || Double.isNaN(this.z)) &&
-                Double.isNaN(other.z))
-       };
-       Coordinate.prototype.equals = function equals (other) {
-         if (!(other instanceof Coordinate)) {
-           return false
-         }
-         return this.equals2D(other)
-       };
-       Coordinate.prototype.equalInZ = function equalInZ (c, tolerance) {
-         return NumberUtil.equalsWithTolerance(this.z, c.z, tolerance)
-       };
-       Coordinate.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
-         var other = o;
-         if (this.x < other.x) { return -1 }
-         if (this.x > other.x) { return 1 }
-         if (this.y < other.y) { return -1 }
-         if (this.y > other.y) { return 1 }
-         return 0
-       };
-       Coordinate.prototype.clone = function clone () {
-         // try {
-         // var coord = null
-         // return coord
-         // } catch (e) {
-         // if (e instanceof CloneNotSupportedException) {
-         //   Assert.shouldNeverReachHere("this shouldn't happen because this class is Cloneable")
-         //   return null
-         // } else throw e
-         // } finally {}
-       };
-       Coordinate.prototype.copy = function copy () {
-         return new Coordinate(this)
-       };
-       Coordinate.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         return '(' + this.x + ', ' + this.y + ', ' + this.z + ')'
-       };
-       Coordinate.prototype.distance3D = function distance3D (c) {
-         var dx = this.x - c.x;
-         var dy = this.y - c.y;
-         var dz = this.z - c.z;
-         return Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy + dz * dz)
-       };
-       Coordinate.prototype.distance = function distance (c) {
-         var dx = this.x - c.x;
-         var dy = this.y - c.y;
-         return Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy)
-       };
-       Coordinate.prototype.hashCode = function hashCode () {
-         var result = 17;
-         result = 37 * result + Coordinate.hashCode(this.x);
-         result = 37 * result + Coordinate.hashCode(this.y);
-         return result
-       };
-       Coordinate.prototype.setCoordinate = function setCoordinate (other) {
-         this.x = other.x;
-         this.y = other.y;
-         this.z = other.z;
-       };
-       Coordinate.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Comparable, Clonable, Serializable]
-       };
-       Coordinate.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Coordinate
-       };
-       Coordinate.hashCode = function hashCode () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var x = arguments[0];
-           var f = Double.doubleToLongBits(x);
-           return Math.trunc((f ^ f) >>> 32)
-         }
-       };
-       staticAccessors.DimensionalComparator.get = function () { return DimensionalComparator };
-       staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 6683108902428366910 };
-       staticAccessors.NULL_ORDINATE.get = function () { return Double.NaN };
-       staticAccessors.X.get = function () { return 0 };
-       staticAccessors.Y.get = function () { return 1 };
-       staticAccessors.Z.get = function () { return 2 };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( Coordinate, staticAccessors );
-
-       var DimensionalComparator = function DimensionalComparator (dimensionsToTest) {
-         this._dimensionsToTest = 2;
-         if (arguments.length === 0) ; else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var dimensionsToTest$1 = arguments[0];
-           if (dimensionsToTest$1 !== 2 && dimensionsToTest$1 !== 3) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('only 2 or 3 dimensions may be specified') }
-           this._dimensionsToTest = dimensionsToTest$1;
-         }
-       };
-       DimensionalComparator.prototype.compare = function compare (o1, o2) {
-         var c1 = o1;
-         var c2 = o2;
-         var compX = DimensionalComparator.compare(c1.x, c2.x);
-         if (compX !== 0) { return compX }
-         var compY = DimensionalComparator.compare(c1.y, c2.y);
-         if (compY !== 0) { return compY }
-         if (this._dimensionsToTest <= 2) { return 0 }
-         var compZ = DimensionalComparator.compare(c1.z, c2.z);
-         return compZ
-       };
-       DimensionalComparator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Comparator]
-       };
-       DimensionalComparator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return DimensionalComparator
-       };
-       DimensionalComparator.compare = function compare (a, b) {
-         if (a < b) { return -1 }
-         if (a > b) { return 1 }
-         if (Double.isNaN(a)) {
-           if (Double.isNaN(b)) { return 0 }
-           return -1
-         }
-         if (Double.isNaN(b)) { return 1 }
-         return 0
-       };
 
-       // import hasInterface from '../../../../hasInterface'
-       // import CoordinateSequence from './CoordinateSequence'
+           var toc = content.append('ul').attr('class', 'toc');
+           var menuItems = toc.selectAll('li').data(docs).enter().append('li').append('a').attr('role', 'button').attr('href', '#').html(function (d) {
+             return d.title;
+           }).on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             clickHelp(d, docs.indexOf(d));
+           });
+           var shortcuts = toc.append('li').attr('class', 'shortcuts').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('shortcuts.tooltip')).keys(['?']).placement('top')).append('a').attr('href', '#').on('click', clickShortcuts);
+           shortcuts.append('div').call(_t.append('shortcuts.title'));
+           var walkthrough = toc.append('li').attr('class', 'walkthrough').append('a').attr('href', '#').on('click', clickWalkthrough);
+           walkthrough.append('svg').attr('class', 'logo logo-walkthrough').append('use').attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');
+           walkthrough.append('div').call(_t.append('splash.walkthrough'));
+           var helpContent = content.append('div').attr('class', 'left-content');
+           var body = helpContent.append('div').attr('class', 'body');
+           var nav = helpContent.append('div').attr('class', 'nav');
+           clickHelp(docs[0], 0);
+         };
 
-       var CoordinateSequenceFactory = function CoordinateSequenceFactory () {};
+         return helpPane;
+       }
 
-       CoordinateSequenceFactory.prototype.create = function create () {
-         // if (arguments.length === 1) {
-         // if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
-         //   let coordinates = arguments[0]
-         // } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequence)) {
-         //   let coordSeq = arguments[0]
-         // }
-         // } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-         // let size = arguments[0]
-         // let dimension = arguments[1]
-         // }
-       };
-       CoordinateSequenceFactory.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       CoordinateSequenceFactory.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return CoordinateSequenceFactory
-       };
+       function uiSectionValidationIssues(id, severity, context) {
+         var _issues = [];
+         var section = uiSection(id, context).label(function () {
+           if (!_issues) return '';
+           var issueCountText = _issues.length > 1000 ? '1000+' : String(_issues.length);
+           return _t.html('inspector.title_count', {
+             title: {
+               html: _t.html('issues.' + severity + 's.list_title')
+             },
+             count: issueCountText
+           });
+         }).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).shouldDisplay(function () {
+           return _issues && _issues.length;
+         });
 
-       var Location = function Location () {};
+         function getOptions() {
+           return {
+             what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
+             where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'
+           };
+         } // get and cache the issues to display, unordered
 
-       var staticAccessors$4 = { INTERIOR: { configurable: true },BOUNDARY: { configurable: true },EXTERIOR: { configurable: true },NONE: { configurable: true } };
 
-       Location.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       Location.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Location
-       };
-       Location.toLocationSymbol = function toLocationSymbol (locationValue) {
-         switch (locationValue) {
-           case Location.EXTERIOR:
-             return 'e'
-           case Location.BOUNDARY:
-             return 'b'
-           case Location.INTERIOR:
-             return 'i'
-           case Location.NONE:
-             return '-'
-         }
-         throw new IllegalArgumentException('Unknown location value: ' + locationValue)
-       };
-       staticAccessors$4.INTERIOR.get = function () { return 0 };
-       staticAccessors$4.BOUNDARY.get = function () { return 1 };
-       staticAccessors$4.EXTERIOR.get = function () { return 2 };
-       staticAccessors$4.NONE.get = function () { return -1 };
+         function reloadIssues() {
+           _issues = context.validator().getIssuesBySeverity(getOptions())[severity];
+         }
 
-       Object.defineProperties( Location, staticAccessors$4 );
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var center = context.map().center();
+           var graph = context.graph(); // sort issues by distance away from the center of the map
 
-       var hasInterface = function (o, i) {
-         return o.interfaces_ && o.interfaces_().indexOf(i) > -1
-       };
+           var issues = _issues.map(function withDistance(issue) {
+             var extent = issue.extent(graph);
+             var dist = extent ? geoSphericalDistance(center, extent.center()) : 0;
+             return Object.assign(issue, {
+               dist: dist
+             });
+           }).sort(function byDistance(a, b) {
+             return a.dist - b.dist;
+           }); // cut off at 1000
 
-       var MathUtil = function MathUtil () {};
 
-       var staticAccessors$5 = { LOG_10: { configurable: true } };
+           issues = issues.slice(0, 1000); //renderIgnoredIssuesReset(_warningsSelection);
 
-       MathUtil.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       MathUtil.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return MathUtil
-       };
-       MathUtil.log10 = function log10 (x) {
-         var ln = Math.log(x);
-         if (Double.isInfinite(ln)) { return ln }
-         if (Double.isNaN(ln)) { return ln }
-         return ln / MathUtil.LOG_10
-       };
-       MathUtil.min = function min (v1, v2, v3, v4) {
-         var min = v1;
-         if (v2 < min) { min = v2; }
-         if (v3 < min) { min = v3; }
-         if (v4 < min) { min = v4; }
-         return min
-       };
-       MathUtil.clamp = function clamp () {
-         if (typeof arguments[2] === 'number' && (typeof arguments[0] === 'number' && typeof arguments[1] === 'number')) {
-           var x = arguments[0];
-           var min = arguments[1];
-           var max = arguments[2];
-           if (x < min) { return min }
-           if (x > max) { return max }
-           return x
-         } else if (Number.isInteger(arguments[2]) && (Number.isInteger(arguments[0]) && Number.isInteger(arguments[1]))) {
-           var x$1 = arguments[0];
-           var min$1 = arguments[1];
-           var max$1 = arguments[2];
-           if (x$1 < min$1) { return min$1 }
-           if (x$1 > max$1) { return max$1 }
-           return x$1
-         }
-       };
-       MathUtil.wrap = function wrap (index, max) {
-         if (index < 0) {
-           return max - -index % max
-         }
-         return index % max
-       };
-       MathUtil.max = function max () {
-         if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var v1 = arguments[0];
-           var v2 = arguments[1];
-           var v3 = arguments[2];
-           var max = v1;
-           if (v2 > max) { max = v2; }
-           if (v3 > max) { max = v3; }
-           return max
-         } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
-           var v1$1 = arguments[0];
-           var v2$1 = arguments[1];
-           var v3$1 = arguments[2];
-           var v4 = arguments[3];
-           var max$1 = v1$1;
-           if (v2$1 > max$1) { max$1 = v2$1; }
-           if (v3$1 > max$1) { max$1 = v3$1; }
-           if (v4 > max$1) { max$1 = v4; }
-           return max$1
+           selection.call(drawIssuesList, issues);
          }
-       };
-       MathUtil.average = function average (x1, x2) {
-         return (x1 + x2) / 2.0
-       };
-       staticAccessors$5.LOG_10.get = function () { return Math.log(10) };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( MathUtil, staticAccessors$5 );
-
-       var StringBuffer = function StringBuffer (str) {
-         this.str = str;
-       };
-       StringBuffer.prototype.append = function append (e) {
-         this.str += e;
-       };
 
-       StringBuffer.prototype.setCharAt = function setCharAt (i, c) {
-         this.str = this.str.substr(0, i) + c + this.str.substr(i + 1);
-       };
+         function drawIssuesList(selection, issues) {
+           var list = selection.selectAll('.issues-list').data([0]);
+           list = list.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list issues-list ' + severity + 's-list').merge(list);
+           var items = list.selectAll('li').data(issues, function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }); // Exit
 
-       StringBuffer.prototype.toString = function toString (e) {
-         return this.str
-       };
+           items.exit().remove(); // Enter
 
-       var Integer = function Integer (value) {
-         this.value = value;
-       };
-       Integer.prototype.intValue = function intValue () {
-         return this.value
-       };
-       Integer.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
-         if (this.value < o) { return -1 }
-         if (this.value > o) { return 1 }
-         return 0
-       };
-       Integer.isNaN = function isNaN (n) { return Number.isNaN(n) };
-
-       var Character = function Character () {};
-
-       Character.isWhitespace = function isWhitespace (c) { return ((c <= 32 && c >= 0) || c === 127) };
-       Character.toUpperCase = function toUpperCase (c) { return c.toUpperCase() };
-
-       var DD = function DD () {
-         this._hi = 0.0;
-         this._lo = 0.0;
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           this.init(0.0);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
-             var x = arguments[0];
-             this.init(x);
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
-             var dd = arguments[0];
-             this.init(dd);
-           } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'string') {
-             var str = arguments[0];
-             DD.call(this, DD.parse(str));
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var hi = arguments[0];
-           var lo = arguments[1];
-           this.init(hi, lo);
-         }
-       };
+           var itemsEnter = items.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'issue severity-' + d.severity;
+           });
+           var labelsEnter = itemsEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'issue-label').on('click', function (d3_event, d) {
+             context.validator().focusIssue(d);
+           }).on('mouseover', function (d3_event, d) {
+             utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, true, context);
+           }).on('mouseout', function (d3_event, d) {
+             utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, false, context);
+           });
+           var textEnter = labelsEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'issue-text');
+           textEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'issue-icon').each(function (d) {
+             var iconName = '#iD-icon-' + (d.severity === 'warning' ? 'alert' : 'error');
+             select(this).call(svgIcon(iconName));
+           });
+           textEnter.append('span').attr('class', 'issue-message');
+           /*
+           labelsEnter
+               .append('span')
+               .attr('class', 'issue-autofix')
+               .each(function(d) {
+                   if (!d.autoFix) return;
+                    d3_select(this)
+                       .append('button')
+                       .attr('title', t('issues.fix_one.title'))
+                       .datum(d.autoFix)  // set button datum to the autofix
+                       .attr('class', 'autofix action')
+                       .on('click', function(d3_event, d) {
+                           d3_event.preventDefault();
+                           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+                            var issuesEntityIDs = d.issue.entityIds;
+                           utilHighlightEntities(issuesEntityIDs.concat(d.entityIds), false, context);
+                            context.perform.apply(context, d.autoArgs);
+                           context.validator().validate();
+                       })
+                       .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-wrench'));
+               });
+           */
+           // Update
 
-       var staticAccessors$7 = { PI: { configurable: true },TWO_PI: { configurable: true },PI_2: { configurable: true },E: { configurable: true },NaN: { configurable: true },EPS: { configurable: true },SPLIT: { configurable: true },MAX_PRINT_DIGITS: { configurable: true },TEN: { configurable: true },ONE: { configurable: true },SCI_NOT_EXPONENT_CHAR: { configurable: true },SCI_NOT_ZERO: { configurable: true } };
-       DD.prototype.le = function le (y) {
-         return (this._hi < y._hi || this._hi === y._hi) && this._lo <= y._lo
-       };
-       DD.prototype.extractSignificantDigits = function extractSignificantDigits (insertDecimalPoint, magnitude) {
-         var y = this.abs();
-         var mag = DD.magnitude(y._hi);
-         var scale = DD.TEN.pow(mag);
-         y = y.divide(scale);
-         if (y.gt(DD.TEN)) {
-           y = y.divide(DD.TEN);
-           mag += 1;
-         } else if (y.lt(DD.ONE)) {
-           y = y.multiply(DD.TEN);
-           mag -= 1;
-         }
-         var decimalPointPos = mag + 1;
-         var buf = new StringBuffer();
-         var numDigits = DD.MAX_PRINT_DIGITS - 1;
-         for (var i = 0; i <= numDigits; i++) {
-           if (insertDecimalPoint && i === decimalPointPos) {
-             buf.append('.');
-           }
-           var digit = Math.trunc(y._hi);
-           if (digit < 0) {
-             break
-           }
-           var rebiasBy10 = false;
-           var digitChar = 0;
-           if (digit > 9) {
-             rebiasBy10 = true;
-             digitChar = '9';
-           } else {
-             digitChar = '0' + digit;
-           }
-           buf.append(digitChar);
-           y = y.subtract(DD.valueOf(digit)).multiply(DD.TEN);
-           if (rebiasBy10) { y.selfAdd(DD.TEN); }
-           var continueExtractingDigits = true;
-           var remMag = DD.magnitude(y._hi);
-           if (remMag < 0 && Math.abs(remMag) >= numDigits - i) { continueExtractingDigits = false; }
-           if (!continueExtractingDigits) { break }
-         }
-         magnitude[0] = mag;
-         return buf.toString()
-       };
-       DD.prototype.sqr = function sqr () {
-         return this.multiply(this)
-       };
-       DD.prototype.doubleValue = function doubleValue () {
-         return this._hi + this._lo
-       };
-       DD.prototype.subtract = function subtract () {
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
-           var y = arguments[0];
-           return this.add(y.negate())
-         } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
-           var y$1 = arguments[0];
-           return this.add(-y$1)
-         }
-       };
-       DD.prototype.equals = function equals () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var y = arguments[0];
-           return this._hi === y._hi && this._lo === y._lo
-         }
-       };
-       DD.prototype.isZero = function isZero () {
-         return this._hi === 0.0 && this._lo === 0.0
-       };
-       DD.prototype.selfSubtract = function selfSubtract () {
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
-           var y = arguments[0];
-           if (this.isNaN()) { return this }
-           return this.selfAdd(-y._hi, -y._lo)
-         } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
-           var y$1 = arguments[0];
-           if (this.isNaN()) { return this }
-           return this.selfAdd(-y$1, 0.0)
-         }
-       };
-       DD.prototype.getSpecialNumberString = function getSpecialNumberString () {
-         if (this.isZero()) { return '0.0' }
-         if (this.isNaN()) { return 'NaN ' }
-         return null
-       };
-       DD.prototype.min = function min (x) {
-         if (this.le(x)) {
-           return this
-         } else {
-           return x
-         }
-       };
-       DD.prototype.selfDivide = function selfDivide () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
-             var y = arguments[0];
-             return this.selfDivide(y._hi, y._lo)
-           } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
-             var y$1 = arguments[0];
-             return this.selfDivide(y$1, 0.0)
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var yhi = arguments[0];
-           var ylo = arguments[1];
-           var hc = null;
-           var tc = null;
-           var hy = null;
-           var ty = null;
-           var C = null;
-           var c = null;
-           var U = null;
-           var u = null;
-           C = this._hi / yhi;
-           c = DD.SPLIT * C;
-           hc = c - C;
-           u = DD.SPLIT * yhi;
-           hc = c - hc;
-           tc = C - hc;
-           hy = u - yhi;
-           U = C * yhi;
-           hy = u - hy;
-           ty = yhi - hy;
-           u = hc * hy - U + hc * ty + tc * hy + tc * ty;
-           c = (this._hi - U - u + this._lo - C * ylo) / yhi;
-           u = C + c;
-           this._hi = u;
-           this._lo = C - u + c;
-           return this
-         }
-       };
-       DD.prototype.dump = function dump () {
-         return 'DD<' + this._hi + ', ' + this._lo + '>'
-       };
-       DD.prototype.divide = function divide () {
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
-           var y = arguments[0];
-           var hc = null;
-           var tc = null;
-           var hy = null;
-           var ty = null;
-           var C = null;
-           var c = null;
-           var U = null;
-           var u = null;
-           C = this._hi / y._hi;
-           c = DD.SPLIT * C;
-           hc = c - C;
-           u = DD.SPLIT * y._hi;
-           hc = c - hc;
-           tc = C - hc;
-           hy = u - y._hi;
-           U = C * y._hi;
-           hy = u - hy;
-           ty = y._hi - hy;
-           u = hc * hy - U + hc * ty + tc * hy + tc * ty;
-           c = (this._hi - U - u + this._lo - C * y._lo) / y._hi;
-           u = C + c;
-           var zhi = u;
-           var zlo = C - u + c;
-           return new DD(zhi, zlo)
-         } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
-           var y$1 = arguments[0];
-           if (Double.isNaN(y$1)) { return DD.createNaN() }
-           return DD.copy(this).selfDivide(y$1, 0.0)
-         }
-       };
-       DD.prototype.ge = function ge (y) {
-         return (this._hi > y._hi || this._hi === y._hi) && this._lo >= y._lo
-       };
-       DD.prototype.pow = function pow (exp) {
-         if (exp === 0.0) { return DD.valueOf(1.0) }
-         var r = new DD(this);
-         var s = DD.valueOf(1.0);
-         var n = Math.abs(exp);
-         if (n > 1) {
-           while (n > 0) {
-             if (n % 2 === 1) {
-               s.selfMultiply(r);
-             }
-             n /= 2;
-             if (n > 0) { r = r.sqr(); }
-           }
-         } else {
-           s = r;
-         }
-         if (exp < 0) { return s.reciprocal() }
-         return s
-       };
-       DD.prototype.ceil = function ceil () {
-         if (this.isNaN()) { return DD.NaN }
-         var fhi = Math.ceil(this._hi);
-         var flo = 0.0;
-         if (fhi === this._hi) {
-           flo = Math.ceil(this._lo);
-         }
-         return new DD(fhi, flo)
-       };
-       DD.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
-         var other = o;
-         if (this._hi < other._hi) { return -1 }
-         if (this._hi > other._hi) { return 1 }
-         if (this._lo < other._lo) { return -1 }
-         if (this._lo > other._lo) { return 1 }
-         return 0
-       };
-       DD.prototype.rint = function rint () {
-         if (this.isNaN()) { return this }
-         var plus5 = this.add(0.5);
-         return plus5.floor()
-       };
-       DD.prototype.setValue = function setValue () {
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
-           var value = arguments[0];
-           this.init(value);
-           return this
-         } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
-           var value$1 = arguments[0];
-           this.init(value$1);
-           return this
-         }
-       };
-       DD.prototype.max = function max (x) {
-         if (this.ge(x)) {
-           return this
-         } else {
-           return x
-         }
-       };
-       DD.prototype.sqrt = function sqrt () {
-         if (this.isZero()) { return DD.valueOf(0.0) }
-         if (this.isNegative()) {
-           return DD.NaN
-         }
-         var x = 1.0 / Math.sqrt(this._hi);
-         var ax = this._hi * x;
-         var axdd = DD.valueOf(ax);
-         var diffSq = this.subtract(axdd.sqr());
-         var d2 = diffSq._hi * (x * 0.5);
-         return axdd.add(d2)
-       };
-       DD.prototype.selfAdd = function selfAdd () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
-             var y = arguments[0];
-             return this.selfAdd(y._hi, y._lo)
-           } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
-             var y$1 = arguments[0];
-             var H = null;
-             var h = null;
-             var S = null;
-             var s = null;
-             var e = null;
-             var f = null;
-             S = this._hi + y$1;
-             e = S - this._hi;
-             s = S - e;
-             s = y$1 - e + (this._hi - s);
-             f = s + this._lo;
-             H = S + f;
-             h = f + (S - H);
-             this._hi = H + h;
-             this._lo = h + (H - this._hi);
-             return this
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var yhi = arguments[0];
-           var ylo = arguments[1];
-           var H$1 = null;
-           var h$1 = null;
-           var T = null;
-           var t = null;
-           var S$1 = null;
-           var s$1 = null;
-           var e$1 = null;
-           var f$1 = null;
-           S$1 = this._hi + yhi;
-           T = this._lo + ylo;
-           e$1 = S$1 - this._hi;
-           f$1 = T - this._lo;
-           s$1 = S$1 - e$1;
-           t = T - f$1;
-           s$1 = yhi - e$1 + (this._hi - s$1);
-           t = ylo - f$1 + (this._lo - t);
-           e$1 = s$1 + T;
-           H$1 = S$1 + e$1;
-           h$1 = e$1 + (S$1 - H$1);
-           e$1 = t + h$1;
-           var zhi = H$1 + e$1;
-           var zlo = e$1 + (H$1 - zhi);
-           this._hi = zhi;
-           this._lo = zlo;
-           return this
-         }
-       };
-       DD.prototype.selfMultiply = function selfMultiply () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
-             var y = arguments[0];
-             return this.selfMultiply(y._hi, y._lo)
-           } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
-             var y$1 = arguments[0];
-             return this.selfMultiply(y$1, 0.0)
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var yhi = arguments[0];
-           var ylo = arguments[1];
-           var hx = null;
-           var tx = null;
-           var hy = null;
-           var ty = null;
-           var C = null;
-           var c = null;
-           C = DD.SPLIT * this._hi;
-           hx = C - this._hi;
-           c = DD.SPLIT * yhi;
-           hx = C - hx;
-           tx = this._hi - hx;
-           hy = c - yhi;
-           C = this._hi * yhi;
-           hy = c - hy;
-           ty = yhi - hy;
-           c = hx * hy - C + hx * ty + tx * hy + tx * ty + (this._hi * ylo + this._lo * yhi);
-           var zhi = C + c;
-           hx = C - zhi;
-           var zlo = c + hx;
-           this._hi = zhi;
-           this._lo = zlo;
-           return this
-         }
-       };
-       DD.prototype.selfSqr = function selfSqr () {
-         return this.selfMultiply(this)
-       };
-       DD.prototype.floor = function floor () {
-         if (this.isNaN()) { return DD.NaN }
-         var fhi = Math.floor(this._hi);
-         var flo = 0.0;
-         if (fhi === this._hi) {
-           flo = Math.floor(this._lo);
-         }
-         return new DD(fhi, flo)
-       };
-       DD.prototype.negate = function negate () {
-         if (this.isNaN()) { return this }
-         return new DD(-this._hi, -this._lo)
-       };
-       DD.prototype.clone = function clone () {
-         // try {
-         // return null
-         // } catch (ex) {
-         // if (ex instanceof CloneNotSupportedException) {
-         //   return null
-         // } else throw ex
-         // } finally {}
-       };
-       DD.prototype.multiply = function multiply () {
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
-           var y = arguments[0];
-           if (y.isNaN()) { return DD.createNaN() }
-           return DD.copy(this).selfMultiply(y)
-         } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
-           var y$1 = arguments[0];
-           if (Double.isNaN(y$1)) { return DD.createNaN() }
-           return DD.copy(this).selfMultiply(y$1, 0.0)
-         }
-       };
-       DD.prototype.isNaN = function isNaN () {
-         return Double.isNaN(this._hi)
-       };
-       DD.prototype.intValue = function intValue () {
-         return Math.trunc(this._hi)
-       };
-       DD.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         var mag = DD.magnitude(this._hi);
-         if (mag >= -3 && mag <= 20) { return this.toStandardNotation() }
-         return this.toSciNotation()
-       };
-       DD.prototype.toStandardNotation = function toStandardNotation () {
-         var specialStr = this.getSpecialNumberString();
-         if (specialStr !== null) { return specialStr }
-         var magnitude = new Array(1).fill(null);
-         var sigDigits = this.extractSignificantDigits(true, magnitude);
-         var decimalPointPos = magnitude[0] + 1;
-         var num = sigDigits;
-         if (sigDigits.charAt(0) === '.') {
-           num = '0' + sigDigits;
-         } else if (decimalPointPos < 0) {
-           num = '0.' + DD.stringOfChar('0', -decimalPointPos) + sigDigits;
-         } else if (sigDigits.indexOf('.') === -1) {
-           var numZeroes = decimalPointPos - sigDigits.length;
-           var zeroes = DD.stringOfChar('0', numZeroes);
-           num = sigDigits + zeroes + '.0';
-         }
-         if (this.isNegative()) { return '-' + num }
-         return num
-       };
-       DD.prototype.reciprocal = function reciprocal () {
-         var hc = null;
-         var tc = null;
-         var hy = null;
-         var ty = null;
-         var C = null;
-         var c = null;
-         var U = null;
-         var u = null;
-         C = 1.0 / this._hi;
-         c = DD.SPLIT * C;
-         hc = c - C;
-         u = DD.SPLIT * this._hi;
-         hc = c - hc;
-         tc = C - hc;
-         hy = u - this._hi;
-         U = C * this._hi;
-         hy = u - hy;
-         ty = this._hi - hy;
-         u = hc * hy - U + hc * ty + tc * hy + tc * ty;
-         c = (1.0 - U - u - C * this._lo) / this._hi;
-         var zhi = C + c;
-         var zlo = C - zhi + c;
-         return new DD(zhi, zlo)
-       };
-       DD.prototype.toSciNotation = function toSciNotation () {
-         if (this.isZero()) { return DD.SCI_NOT_ZERO }
-         var specialStr = this.getSpecialNumberString();
-         if (specialStr !== null) { return specialStr }
-         var magnitude = new Array(1).fill(null);
-         var digits = this.extractSignificantDigits(false, magnitude);
-         var expStr = DD.SCI_NOT_EXPONENT_CHAR + magnitude[0];
-         if (digits.charAt(0) === '0') {
-           throw new Error('Found leading zero: ' + digits)
-         }
-         var trailingDigits = '';
-         if (digits.length > 1) { trailingDigits = digits.substring(1); }
-         var digitsWithDecimal = digits.charAt(0) + '.' + trailingDigits;
-         if (this.isNegative()) { return '-' + digitsWithDecimal + expStr }
-         return digitsWithDecimal + expStr
-       };
-       DD.prototype.abs = function abs () {
-         if (this.isNaN()) { return DD.NaN }
-         if (this.isNegative()) { return this.negate() }
-         return new DD(this)
-       };
-       DD.prototype.isPositive = function isPositive () {
-         return (this._hi > 0.0 || this._hi === 0.0) && this._lo > 0.0
-       };
-       DD.prototype.lt = function lt (y) {
-         return (this._hi < y._hi || this._hi === y._hi) && this._lo < y._lo
-       };
-       DD.prototype.add = function add () {
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
-           var y = arguments[0];
-           return DD.copy(this).selfAdd(y)
-         } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
-           var y$1 = arguments[0];
-           return DD.copy(this).selfAdd(y$1)
-         }
-       };
-       DD.prototype.init = function init () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
-             var x = arguments[0];
-             this._hi = x;
-             this._lo = 0.0;
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
-             var dd = arguments[0];
-             this._hi = dd._hi;
-             this._lo = dd._lo;
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var hi = arguments[0];
-           var lo = arguments[1];
-           this._hi = hi;
-           this._lo = lo;
-         }
-       };
-       DD.prototype.gt = function gt (y) {
-         return (this._hi > y._hi || this._hi === y._hi) && this._lo > y._lo
-       };
-       DD.prototype.isNegative = function isNegative () {
-         return (this._hi < 0.0 || this._hi === 0.0) && this._lo < 0.0
-       };
-       DD.prototype.trunc = function trunc () {
-         if (this.isNaN()) { return DD.NaN }
-         if (this.isPositive()) { return this.floor(); } else { return this.ceil() }
-       };
-       DD.prototype.signum = function signum () {
-         if (this._hi > 0) { return 1 }
-         if (this._hi < 0) { return -1 }
-         if (this._lo > 0) { return 1 }
-         if (this._lo < 0) { return -1 }
-         return 0
-       };
-       DD.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Serializable, Comparable, Clonable]
-       };
-       DD.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return DD
-       };
-       DD.sqr = function sqr (x) {
-         return DD.valueOf(x).selfMultiply(x)
-       };
-       DD.valueOf = function valueOf () {
-         if (typeof arguments[0] === 'string') {
-           var str = arguments[0];
-           return DD.parse(str)
-         } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
-           var x = arguments[0];
-           return new DD(x)
-         }
-       };
-       DD.sqrt = function sqrt (x) {
-         return DD.valueOf(x).sqrt()
-       };
-       DD.parse = function parse (str) {
-         var i = 0;
-         var strlen = str.length;
-         while (Character.isWhitespace(str.charAt(i))) { i++; }
-         var isNegative = false;
-         if (i < strlen) {
-           var signCh = str.charAt(i);
-           if (signCh === '-' || signCh === '+') {
-             i++;
-             if (signCh === '-') { isNegative = true; }
-           }
-         }
-         var val = new DD();
-         var numDigits = 0;
-         var numBeforeDec = 0;
-         var exp = 0;
-         while (true) {
-           if (i >= strlen) { break }
-           var ch = str.charAt(i);
-           i++;
-           if (Character.isDigit(ch)) {
-             var d = ch - '0';
-             val.selfMultiply(DD.TEN);
-             val.selfAdd(d);
-             numDigits++;
-             continue
-           }
-           if (ch === '.') {
-             numBeforeDec = numDigits;
-             continue
-           }
-           if (ch === 'e' || ch === 'E') {
-             var expStr = str.substring(i);
-             try {
-               exp = Integer.parseInt(expStr);
-             } catch (ex) {
-               if (ex instanceof Error) {
-                 throw new Error('Invalid exponent ' + expStr + ' in string ' + str)
-               } else { throw ex }
-             } finally {}
-             break
-           }
-           throw new Error("Unexpected character '" + ch + "' at position " + i + ' in string ' + str)
-         }
-         var val2 = val;
-         var numDecPlaces = numDigits - numBeforeDec - exp;
-         if (numDecPlaces === 0) {
-           val2 = val;
-         } else if (numDecPlaces > 0) {
-           var scale = DD.TEN.pow(numDecPlaces);
-           val2 = val.divide(scale);
-         } else if (numDecPlaces < 0) {
-           var scale$1 = DD.TEN.pow(-numDecPlaces);
-           val2 = val.multiply(scale$1);
-         }
-         if (isNegative) {
-           return val2.negate()
-         }
-         return val2
-       };
-       DD.createNaN = function createNaN () {
-         return new DD(Double.NaN, Double.NaN)
-       };
-       DD.copy = function copy (dd) {
-         return new DD(dd)
-       };
-       DD.magnitude = function magnitude (x) {
-         var xAbs = Math.abs(x);
-         var xLog10 = Math.log(xAbs) / Math.log(10);
-         var xMag = Math.trunc(Math.floor(xLog10));
-         var xApprox = Math.pow(10, xMag);
-         if (xApprox * 10 <= xAbs) { xMag += 1; }
-         return xMag
-       };
-       DD.stringOfChar = function stringOfChar (ch, len) {
-         var buf = new StringBuffer();
-         for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-           buf.append(ch);
-         }
-         return buf.toString()
-       };
-       staticAccessors$7.PI.get = function () { return new DD(3.141592653589793116e+00, 1.224646799147353207e-16) };
-       staticAccessors$7.TWO_PI.get = function () { return new DD(6.283185307179586232e+00, 2.449293598294706414e-16) };
-       staticAccessors$7.PI_2.get = function () { return new DD(1.570796326794896558e+00, 6.123233995736766036e-17) };
-       staticAccessors$7.E.get = function () { return new DD(2.718281828459045091e+00, 1.445646891729250158e-16) };
-       staticAccessors$7.NaN.get = function () { return new DD(Double.NaN, Double.NaN) };
-       staticAccessors$7.EPS.get = function () { return 1.23259516440783e-32 };
-       staticAccessors$7.SPLIT.get = function () { return 134217729.0 };
-       staticAccessors$7.MAX_PRINT_DIGITS.get = function () { return 32 };
-       staticAccessors$7.TEN.get = function () { return DD.valueOf(10.0) };
-       staticAccessors$7.ONE.get = function () { return DD.valueOf(1.0) };
-       staticAccessors$7.SCI_NOT_EXPONENT_CHAR.get = function () { return 'E' };
-       staticAccessors$7.SCI_NOT_ZERO.get = function () { return '0.0E0' };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( DD, staticAccessors$7 );
-
-       var CGAlgorithmsDD = function CGAlgorithmsDD () {};
-
-       var staticAccessors$6 = { DP_SAFE_EPSILON: { configurable: true } };
-
-       CGAlgorithmsDD.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       CGAlgorithmsDD.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return CGAlgorithmsDD
-       };
-       CGAlgorithmsDD.orientationIndex = function orientationIndex (p1, p2, q) {
-         var index = CGAlgorithmsDD.orientationIndexFilter(p1, p2, q);
-         if (index <= 1) { return index }
-         var dx1 = DD.valueOf(p2.x).selfAdd(-p1.x);
-         var dy1 = DD.valueOf(p2.y).selfAdd(-p1.y);
-         var dx2 = DD.valueOf(q.x).selfAdd(-p2.x);
-         var dy2 = DD.valueOf(q.y).selfAdd(-p2.y);
-         return dx1.selfMultiply(dy2).selfSubtract(dy1.selfMultiply(dx2)).signum()
-       };
-       CGAlgorithmsDD.signOfDet2x2 = function signOfDet2x2 (x1, y1, x2, y2) {
-         var det = x1.multiply(y2).selfSubtract(y1.multiply(x2));
-         return det.signum()
-       };
-       CGAlgorithmsDD.intersection = function intersection (p1, p2, q1, q2) {
-         var denom1 = DD.valueOf(q2.y).selfSubtract(q1.y).selfMultiply(DD.valueOf(p2.x).selfSubtract(p1.x));
-         var denom2 = DD.valueOf(q2.x).selfSubtract(q1.x).selfMultiply(DD.valueOf(p2.y).selfSubtract(p1.y));
-         var denom = denom1.subtract(denom2);
-         var numx1 = DD.valueOf(q2.x).selfSubtract(q1.x).selfMultiply(DD.valueOf(p1.y).selfSubtract(q1.y));
-         var numx2 = DD.valueOf(q2.y).selfSubtract(q1.y).selfMultiply(DD.valueOf(p1.x).selfSubtract(q1.x));
-         var numx = numx1.subtract(numx2);
-         var fracP = numx.selfDivide(denom).doubleValue();
-         var x = DD.valueOf(p1.x).selfAdd(DD.valueOf(p2.x).selfSubtract(p1.x).selfMultiply(fracP)).doubleValue();
-         var numy1 = DD.valueOf(p2.x).selfSubtract(p1.x).selfMultiply(DD.valueOf(p1.y).selfSubtract(q1.y));
-         var numy2 = DD.valueOf(p2.y).selfSubtract(p1.y).selfMultiply(DD.valueOf(p1.x).selfSubtract(q1.x));
-         var numy = numy1.subtract(numy2);
-         var fracQ = numy.selfDivide(denom).doubleValue();
-         var y = DD.valueOf(q1.y).selfAdd(DD.valueOf(q2.y).selfSubtract(q1.y).selfMultiply(fracQ)).doubleValue();
-         return new Coordinate(x, y)
-       };
-       CGAlgorithmsDD.orientationIndexFilter = function orientationIndexFilter (pa, pb, pc) {
-         var detsum = null;
-         var detleft = (pa.x - pc.x) * (pb.y - pc.y);
-         var detright = (pa.y - pc.y) * (pb.x - pc.x);
-         var det = detleft - detright;
-         if (detleft > 0.0) {
-           if (detright <= 0.0) {
-             return CGAlgorithmsDD.signum(det)
-           } else {
-             detsum = detleft + detright;
-           }
-         } else if (detleft < 0.0) {
-           if (detright >= 0.0) {
-             return CGAlgorithmsDD.signum(det)
-           } else {
-             detsum = -detleft - detright;
+           items = items.merge(itemsEnter).order();
+           items.selectAll('.issue-message').html(function (d) {
+             return d.message(context);
+           });
+           /*
+           // autofix
+           var canAutoFix = issues.filter(function(issue) { return issue.autoFix; });
+            var autoFixAll = selection.selectAll('.autofix-all')
+               .data(canAutoFix.length ? [0] : []);
+            // exit
+           autoFixAll.exit()
+               .remove();
+            // enter
+           var autoFixAllEnter = autoFixAll.enter()
+               .insert('div', '.issues-list')
+               .attr('class', 'autofix-all');
+            var linkEnter = autoFixAllEnter
+               .append('a')
+               .attr('class', 'autofix-all-link')
+               .attr('href', '#');
+            linkEnter
+               .append('span')
+               .attr('class', 'autofix-all-link-text')
+               .call(t.append('issues.fix_all.title'));
+            linkEnter
+               .append('span')
+               .attr('class', 'autofix-all-link-icon')
+               .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-wrench'));
+            if (severity === 'warning') {
+               renderIgnoredIssuesReset(selection);
            }
-         } else {
-           return CGAlgorithmsDD.signum(det)
-         }
-         var errbound = CGAlgorithmsDD.DP_SAFE_EPSILON * detsum;
-         if (det >= errbound || -det >= errbound) {
-           return CGAlgorithmsDD.signum(det)
+            // update
+           autoFixAll = autoFixAll
+               .merge(autoFixAllEnter);
+            autoFixAll.selectAll('.autofix-all-link')
+               .on('click', function() {
+                   context.pauseChangeDispatch();
+                   context.perform(actionNoop());
+                   canAutoFix.forEach(function(issue) {
+                       var args = issue.autoFix.autoArgs.slice();  // copy
+                       if (typeof args[args.length - 1] !== 'function') {
+                           args.pop();
+                       }
+                       args.push(t('issues.fix_all.annotation'));
+                       context.replace.apply(context, args);
+                   });
+                   context.resumeChangeDispatch();
+                   context.validator().validate();
+               });
+           */
          }
-         return 2
-       };
-       CGAlgorithmsDD.signum = function signum (x) {
-         if (x > 0) { return 1 }
-         if (x < 0) { return -1 }
-         return 0
-       };
-       staticAccessors$6.DP_SAFE_EPSILON.get = function () { return 1e-15 };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( CGAlgorithmsDD, staticAccessors$6 );
-
-       var CoordinateSequence = function CoordinateSequence () {};
-
-       var staticAccessors$8 = { X: { configurable: true },Y: { configurable: true },Z: { configurable: true },M: { configurable: true } };
-
-       staticAccessors$8.X.get = function () { return 0 };
-       staticAccessors$8.Y.get = function () { return 1 };
-       staticAccessors$8.Z.get = function () { return 2 };
-       staticAccessors$8.M.get = function () { return 3 };
-       CoordinateSequence.prototype.setOrdinate = function setOrdinate (index, ordinateIndex, value) {};
-       CoordinateSequence.prototype.size = function size () {};
-       CoordinateSequence.prototype.getOrdinate = function getOrdinate (index, ordinateIndex) {};
-       CoordinateSequence.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {};
-       CoordinateSequence.prototype.getCoordinateCopy = function getCoordinateCopy (i) {};
-       CoordinateSequence.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {};
-       CoordinateSequence.prototype.getX = function getX (index) {};
-       CoordinateSequence.prototype.clone = function clone () {};
-       CoordinateSequence.prototype.expandEnvelope = function expandEnvelope (env) {};
-       CoordinateSequence.prototype.copy = function copy () {};
-       CoordinateSequence.prototype.getY = function getY (index) {};
-       CoordinateSequence.prototype.toCoordinateArray = function toCoordinateArray () {};
-       CoordinateSequence.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Clonable]
-       };
-       CoordinateSequence.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return CoordinateSequence
-       };
 
-       Object.defineProperties( CoordinateSequence, staticAccessors$8 );
+         context.validator().on('validated.uiSectionValidationIssues' + id, function () {
+           window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+             reloadIssues();
+             section.reRender();
+           });
+         });
+         context.map().on('move.uiSectionValidationIssues' + id, debounce(function () {
+           window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+             if (getOptions().where === 'visible') {
+               // must refetch issues if they are viewport-dependent
+               reloadIssues();
+             } // always reload list to re-sort-by-distance
+
 
-       var Exception = function Exception () {};
+             section.reRender();
+           });
+         }, 1000));
+         return section;
+       }
 
-       var NotRepresentableException = (function (Exception$$1) {
-         function NotRepresentableException () {
-           Exception$$1.call(this, 'Projective point not representable on the Cartesian plane.');
+       function uiSectionValidationOptions(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('issues-options', context).content(renderContent);
+
+         function renderContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.issues-options-container').data([0]);
+           container = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issues-options-container').merge(container);
+           var data = [{
+             key: 'what',
+             values: ['edited', 'all']
+           }, {
+             key: 'where',
+             values: ['visible', 'all']
+           }];
+           var options = container.selectAll('.issues-option').data(data, function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           });
+           var optionsEnter = options.enter().append('div').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'issues-option issues-option-' + d.key;
+           });
+           optionsEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'issues-option-title').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('issues.options.' + d.key + '.title');
+           });
+           var valuesEnter = optionsEnter.selectAll('label').data(function (d) {
+             return d.values.map(function (val) {
+               return {
+                 value: val,
+                 key: d.key
+               };
+             });
+           }).enter().append('label');
+           valuesEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'radio').attr('name', function (d) {
+             return 'issues-option-' + d.key;
+           }).attr('value', function (d) {
+             return d.value;
+           }).property('checked', function (d) {
+             return getOptions()[d.key] === d.value;
+           }).on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
+             updateOptionValue(d3_event, d.key, d.value);
+           });
+           valuesEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('issues.options.' + d.key + '.' + d.value);
+           });
          }
 
-         if ( Exception$$1 ) NotRepresentableException.__proto__ = Exception$$1;
-         NotRepresentableException.prototype = Object.create( Exception$$1 && Exception$$1.prototype );
-         NotRepresentableException.prototype.constructor = NotRepresentableException;
-         NotRepresentableException.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         NotRepresentableException.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return NotRepresentableException
-         };
+         function getOptions() {
+           return {
+             what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
+             // 'all', 'edited'
+             where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all' // 'all', 'visible'
 
-         return NotRepresentableException;
-       }(Exception));
+           };
+         }
 
-       var System = function System () {};
+         function updateOptionValue(d3_event, d, val) {
+           if (!val && d3_event && d3_event.target) {
+             val = d3_event.target.value;
+           }
 
-       System.arraycopy = function arraycopy (src, srcPos, dest, destPos, len) {
-         var c = 0;
-         for (var i = srcPos; i < srcPos + len; i++) {
-           dest[destPos + c] = src[i];
-           c++;
+           corePreferences('validate-' + d, val);
+           context.validator().validate();
          }
-       };
 
-       System.getProperty = function getProperty (name) {
-         return {
-           'line.separator': '\n'
-         }[name]
-       };
+         return section;
+       }
 
-       var HCoordinate = function HCoordinate () {
-         this.x = null;
-         this.y = null;
-         this.w = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           this.x = 0.0;
-           this.y = 0.0;
-           this.w = 1.0;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var p = arguments[0];
-           this.x = p.x;
-           this.y = p.y;
-           this.w = 1.0;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number' && typeof arguments[1] === 'number') {
-             var _x = arguments[0];
-             var _y = arguments[1];
-             this.x = _x;
-             this.y = _y;
-             this.w = 1.0;
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof HCoordinate && arguments[1] instanceof HCoordinate) {
-             var p1 = arguments[0];
-             var p2 = arguments[1];
-             this.x = p1.y * p2.w - p2.y * p1.w;
-             this.y = p2.x * p1.w - p1.x * p2.w;
-             this.w = p1.x * p2.y - p2.x * p1.y;
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate) {
-             var p1$1 = arguments[0];
-             var p2$1 = arguments[1];
-             this.x = p1$1.y - p2$1.y;
-             this.y = p2$1.x - p1$1.x;
-             this.w = p1$1.x * p2$1.y - p2$1.x * p1$1.y;
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var _x$1 = arguments[0];
-           var _y$1 = arguments[1];
-           var _w = arguments[2];
-           this.x = _x$1;
-           this.y = _y$1;
-           this.w = _w;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
-           var p1$2 = arguments[0];
-           var p2$2 = arguments[1];
-           var q1 = arguments[2];
-           var q2 = arguments[3];
-           var px = p1$2.y - p2$2.y;
-           var py = p2$2.x - p1$2.x;
-           var pw = p1$2.x * p2$2.y - p2$2.x * p1$2.y;
-           var qx = q1.y - q2.y;
-           var qy = q2.x - q1.x;
-           var qw = q1.x * q2.y - q2.x * q1.y;
-           this.x = py * qw - qy * pw;
-           this.y = qx * pw - px * qw;
-           this.w = px * qy - qx * py;
-         }
-       };
-       HCoordinate.prototype.getY = function getY () {
-         var a = this.y / this.w;
-         if (Double.isNaN(a) || Double.isInfinite(a)) {
-           throw new NotRepresentableException()
-         }
-         return a
-       };
-       HCoordinate.prototype.getX = function getX () {
-         var a = this.x / this.w;
-         if (Double.isNaN(a) || Double.isInfinite(a)) {
-           throw new NotRepresentableException()
-         }
-         return a
-       };
-       HCoordinate.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-         var p = new Coordinate();
-         p.x = this.getX();
-         p.y = this.getY();
-         return p
-       };
-       HCoordinate.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       HCoordinate.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return HCoordinate
-       };
-       HCoordinate.intersection = function intersection (p1, p2, q1, q2) {
-         var px = p1.y - p2.y;
-         var py = p2.x - p1.x;
-         var pw = p1.x * p2.y - p2.x * p1.y;
-         var qx = q1.y - q2.y;
-         var qy = q2.x - q1.x;
-         var qw = q1.x * q2.y - q2.x * q1.y;
-         var x = py * qw - qy * pw;
-         var y = qx * pw - px * qw;
-         var w = px * qy - qx * py;
-         var xInt = x / w;
-         var yInt = y / w;
-         if (Double.isNaN(xInt) || (Double.isInfinite(xInt) || Double.isNaN(yInt)) || Double.isInfinite(yInt)) {
-           throw new NotRepresentableException()
-         }
-         return new Coordinate(xInt, yInt)
-       };
+       function uiSectionValidationRules(context) {
+         var MINSQUARE = 0;
+         var MAXSQUARE = 20;
+         var DEFAULTSQUARE = 5; // see also unsquare_way.js
 
-       var Envelope = function Envelope () {
-         this._minx = null;
-         this._maxx = null;
-         this._miny = null;
-         this._maxy = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           this.init();
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
-             var p = arguments[0];
-             this.init(p.x, p.x, p.y, p.y);
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Envelope) {
-             var env = arguments[0];
-             this.init(env);
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var p1 = arguments[0];
-           var p2 = arguments[1];
-           this.init(p1.x, p2.x, p1.y, p2.y);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
-           var x1 = arguments[0];
-           var x2 = arguments[1];
-           var y1 = arguments[2];
-           var y2 = arguments[3];
-           this.init(x1, x2, y1, y2);
-         }
-       };
+         var section = uiSection('issues-rules', context).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).label(_t.html('issues.rules.title'));
 
-       var staticAccessors$9 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
-       Envelope.prototype.getArea = function getArea () {
-         return this.getWidth() * this.getHeight()
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.equals = function equals (other) {
-         if (!(other instanceof Envelope)) {
-           return false
-         }
-         var otherEnvelope = other;
-         if (this.isNull()) {
-           return otherEnvelope.isNull()
-         }
-         return this._maxx === otherEnvelope.getMaxX() && this._maxy === otherEnvelope.getMaxY() && this._minx === otherEnvelope.getMinX() && this._miny === otherEnvelope.getMinY()
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.intersection = function intersection (env) {
-         if (this.isNull() || env.isNull() || !this.intersects(env)) { return new Envelope() }
-         var intMinX = this._minx > env._minx ? this._minx : env._minx;
-         var intMinY = this._miny > env._miny ? this._miny : env._miny;
-         var intMaxX = this._maxx < env._maxx ? this._maxx : env._maxx;
-         var intMaxY = this._maxy < env._maxy ? this._maxy : env._maxy;
-         return new Envelope(intMinX, intMaxX, intMinY, intMaxY)
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.isNull = function isNull () {
-         return this._maxx < this._minx
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.getMaxX = function getMaxX () {
-         return this._maxx
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.covers = function covers () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
-             var p = arguments[0];
-             return this.covers(p.x, p.y)
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Envelope) {
-             var other = arguments[0];
-             if (this.isNull() || other.isNull()) {
-               return false
-             }
-             return other.getMinX() >= this._minx && other.getMaxX() <= this._maxx && other.getMinY() >= this._miny && other.getMaxY() <= this._maxy
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var x = arguments[0];
-           var y = arguments[1];
-           if (this.isNull()) { return false }
-           return x >= this._minx && x <= this._maxx && y >= this._miny && y <= this._maxy
-         }
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.intersects = function intersects () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Envelope) {
-             var other = arguments[0];
-             if (this.isNull() || other.isNull()) {
-               return false
-             }
-             return !(other._minx > this._maxx || other._maxx < this._minx || other._miny > this._maxy || other._maxy < this._miny)
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
-             var p = arguments[0];
-             return this.intersects(p.x, p.y)
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var x = arguments[0];
-           var y = arguments[1];
-           if (this.isNull()) { return false }
-           return !(x > this._maxx || x < this._minx || y > this._maxy || y < this._miny)
+         var _ruleKeys = context.validator().getRuleKeys().filter(function (key) {
+           return key !== 'maprules';
+         }).sort(function (key1, key2) {
+           // alphabetize by localized title
+           return _t('issues.' + key1 + '.title') < _t('issues.' + key2 + '.title') ? -1 : 1;
+         });
+
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.issues-rulelist-container').data([0]);
+           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'issues-rulelist-container');
+           containerEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list issue-rules-list');
+           var ruleLinks = containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'issue-rules-links section-footer');
+           ruleLinks.append('a').attr('class', 'issue-rules-link').attr('role', 'button').attr('href', '#').call(_t.append('issues.disable_all')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.validator().disableRules(_ruleKeys);
+           });
+           ruleLinks.append('a').attr('class', 'issue-rules-link').attr('role', 'button').attr('href', '#').call(_t.append('issues.enable_all')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.validator().disableRules([]);
+           }); // Update
+
+           container = container.merge(containerEnter);
+           container.selectAll('.issue-rules-list').call(drawListItems, _ruleKeys, 'checkbox', 'rule', toggleRule, isRuleEnabled);
          }
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.getMinY = function getMinY () {
-         return this._miny
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.getMinX = function getMinX () {
-         return this._minx
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.expandToInclude = function expandToInclude () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
-             var p = arguments[0];
-             this.expandToInclude(p.x, p.y);
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Envelope) {
-             var other = arguments[0];
-             if (other.isNull()) {
-               return null
-             }
-             if (this.isNull()) {
-               this._minx = other.getMinX();
-               this._maxx = other.getMaxX();
-               this._miny = other.getMinY();
-               this._maxy = other.getMaxY();
-             } else {
-               if (other._minx < this._minx) {
-                 this._minx = other._minx;
-               }
-               if (other._maxx > this._maxx) {
-                 this._maxx = other._maxx;
-               }
-               if (other._miny < this._miny) {
-                 this._miny = other._miny;
-               }
-               if (other._maxy > this._maxy) {
-                 this._maxy = other._maxy;
-               }
-             }
+
+         function drawListItems(selection, data, type, name, change, active) {
+           var items = selection.selectAll('li').data(data); // Exit
+
+           items.exit().remove(); // Enter
+
+           var enter = items.enter().append('li');
+
+           if (name === 'rule') {
+             enter.call(uiTooltip().title(function (d) {
+               return _t.html('issues.' + d + '.tip');
+             }).placement('top'));
            }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var x = arguments[0];
-           var y = arguments[1];
-           if (this.isNull()) {
-             this._minx = x;
-             this._maxx = x;
-             this._miny = y;
-             this._maxy = y;
-           } else {
-             if (x < this._minx) {
-               this._minx = x;
-             }
-             if (x > this._maxx) {
-               this._maxx = x;
-             }
-             if (y < this._miny) {
-               this._miny = y;
-             }
-             if (y > this._maxy) {
-               this._maxy = y;
+
+           var label = enter.append('label');
+           label.append('input').attr('type', type).attr('name', name).on('change', change);
+           label.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             var params = {};
+
+             if (d === 'unsquare_way') {
+               params.val = {
+                 html: '<span class="square-degrees"></span>'
+               };
              }
+
+             return _t.html('issues.' + d + '.title', params);
+           }); // Update
+
+           items = items.merge(enter);
+           items.classed('active', active).selectAll('input').property('checked', active).property('indeterminate', false); // user-configurable square threshold
+
+           var degStr = corePreferences('validate-square-degrees');
+
+           if (degStr === null) {
+             degStr = DEFAULTSQUARE.toString();
            }
+
+           var span = items.selectAll('.square-degrees');
+           var input = span.selectAll('.square-degrees-input').data([0]); // enter / update
+
+           input.enter().append('input').attr('type', 'number').attr('min', MINSQUARE.toString()).attr('max', MAXSQUARE.toString()).attr('step', '0.5').attr('class', 'square-degrees-input').call(utilNoAuto).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             this.select();
+           }).on('keyup', function (d3_event) {
+             if (d3_event.keyCode === 13) {
+               // ↩ Return
+               this.blur();
+               this.select();
+             }
+           }).on('blur', changeSquare).merge(input).property('value', degStr);
          }
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.minExtent = function minExtent () {
-         if (this.isNull()) { return 0.0 }
-         var w = this.getWidth();
-         var h = this.getHeight();
-         if (w < h) { return w }
-         return h
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.getWidth = function getWidth () {
-         if (this.isNull()) {
-           return 0
-         }
-         return this._maxx - this._minx
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
-         var env = o;
-         if (this.isNull()) {
-           if (env.isNull()) { return 0 }
-           return -1
-         } else {
-           if (env.isNull()) { return 1 }
-         }
-         if (this._minx < env._minx) { return -1 }
-         if (this._minx > env._minx) { return 1 }
-         if (this._miny < env._miny) { return -1 }
-         if (this._miny > env._miny) { return 1 }
-         if (this._maxx < env._maxx) { return -1 }
-         if (this._maxx > env._maxx) { return 1 }
-         if (this._maxy < env._maxy) { return -1 }
-         if (this._maxy > env._maxy) { return 1 }
-         return 0
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.translate = function translate (transX, transY) {
-         if (this.isNull()) {
-           return null
-         }
-         this.init(this.getMinX() + transX, this.getMaxX() + transX, this.getMinY() + transY, this.getMaxY() + transY);
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         return 'Env[' + this._minx + ' : ' + this._maxx + ', ' + this._miny + ' : ' + this._maxy + ']'
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.setToNull = function setToNull () {
-         this._minx = 0;
-         this._maxx = -1;
-         this._miny = 0;
-         this._maxy = -1;
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.getHeight = function getHeight () {
-         if (this.isNull()) {
-           return 0
-         }
-         return this._maxy - this._miny
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.maxExtent = function maxExtent () {
-         if (this.isNull()) { return 0.0 }
-         var w = this.getWidth();
-         var h = this.getHeight();
-         if (w > h) { return w }
-         return h
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.expandBy = function expandBy () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var distance = arguments[0];
-           this.expandBy(distance, distance);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var deltaX = arguments[0];
-           var deltaY = arguments[1];
-           if (this.isNull()) { return null }
-           this._minx -= deltaX;
-           this._maxx += deltaX;
-           this._miny -= deltaY;
-           this._maxy += deltaY;
-           if (this._minx > this._maxx || this._miny > this._maxy) { this.setToNull(); }
-         }
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.contains = function contains () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Envelope) {
-             var other = arguments[0];
-             return this.covers(other)
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
-             var p = arguments[0];
-             return this.covers(p)
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var x = arguments[0];
-           var y = arguments[1];
-           return this.covers(x, y)
-         }
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.centre = function centre () {
-         if (this.isNull()) { return null }
-         return new Coordinate((this.getMinX() + this.getMaxX()) / 2.0, (this.getMinY() + this.getMaxY()) / 2.0)
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.init = function init () {
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           this.setToNull();
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
-             var p = arguments[0];
-             this.init(p.x, p.x, p.y, p.y);
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Envelope) {
-             var env = arguments[0];
-             this._minx = env._minx;
-             this._maxx = env._maxx;
-             this._miny = env._miny;
-             this._maxy = env._maxy;
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var p1 = arguments[0];
-           var p2 = arguments[1];
-           this.init(p1.x, p2.x, p1.y, p2.y);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
-           var x1 = arguments[0];
-           var x2 = arguments[1];
-           var y1 = arguments[2];
-           var y2 = arguments[3];
-           if (x1 < x2) {
-             this._minx = x1;
-             this._maxx = x2;
-           } else {
-             this._minx = x2;
-             this._maxx = x1;
-           }
-           if (y1 < y2) {
-             this._miny = y1;
-             this._maxy = y2;
-           } else {
-             this._miny = y2;
-             this._maxy = y1;
+
+         function changeSquare() {
+           var input = select(this);
+           var degStr = utilGetSetValue(input).trim();
+           var degNum = parseFloat(degStr, 10);
+
+           if (!isFinite(degNum)) {
+             degNum = DEFAULTSQUARE;
+           } else if (degNum > MAXSQUARE) {
+             degNum = MAXSQUARE;
+           } else if (degNum < MINSQUARE) {
+             degNum = MINSQUARE;
            }
+
+           degNum = Math.round(degNum * 10) / 10; // round to 1 decimal
+
+           degStr = degNum.toString();
+           input.property('value', degStr);
+           corePreferences('validate-square-degrees', degStr);
+           context.validator().revalidateUnsquare();
          }
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.getMaxY = function getMaxY () {
-         return this._maxy
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.distance = function distance (env) {
-         if (this.intersects(env)) { return 0 }
-         var dx = 0.0;
-         if (this._maxx < env._minx) { dx = env._minx - this._maxx; } else if (this._minx > env._maxx) { dx = this._minx - env._maxx; }
-         var dy = 0.0;
-         if (this._maxy < env._miny) { dy = env._miny - this._maxy; } else if (this._miny > env._maxy) { dy = this._miny - env._maxy; }
-         if (dx === 0.0) { return dy }
-         if (dy === 0.0) { return dx }
-         return Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy)
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.hashCode = function hashCode () {
-         var result = 17;
-         result = 37 * result + Coordinate.hashCode(this._minx);
-         result = 37 * result + Coordinate.hashCode(this._maxx);
-         result = 37 * result + Coordinate.hashCode(this._miny);
-         result = 37 * result + Coordinate.hashCode(this._maxy);
-         return result
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Comparable, Serializable]
-       };
-       Envelope.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Envelope
-       };
-       Envelope.intersects = function intersects () {
-         if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var p1 = arguments[0];
-           var p2 = arguments[1];
-           var q = arguments[2];
-           if (q.x >= (p1.x < p2.x ? p1.x : p2.x) && q.x <= (p1.x > p2.x ? p1.x : p2.x) && (q.y >= (p1.y < p2.y ? p1.y : p2.y) && q.y <= (p1.y > p2.y ? p1.y : p2.y))) {
-             return true
-           }
-           return false
-         } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
-           var p1$1 = arguments[0];
-           var p2$1 = arguments[1];
-           var q1 = arguments[2];
-           var q2 = arguments[3];
-           var minq = Math.min(q1.x, q2.x);
-           var maxq = Math.max(q1.x, q2.x);
-           var minp = Math.min(p1$1.x, p2$1.x);
-           var maxp = Math.max(p1$1.x, p2$1.x);
-           if (minp > maxq) { return false }
-           if (maxp < minq) { return false }
-           minq = Math.min(q1.y, q2.y);
-           maxq = Math.max(q1.y, q2.y);
-           minp = Math.min(p1$1.y, p2$1.y);
-           maxp = Math.max(p1$1.y, p2$1.y);
-           if (minp > maxq) { return false }
-           if (maxp < minq) { return false }
-           return true
+
+         function isRuleEnabled(d) {
+           return context.validator().isRuleEnabled(d);
          }
-       };
-       staticAccessors$9.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 5873921885273102420 };
 
-       Object.defineProperties( Envelope, staticAccessors$9 );
+         function toggleRule(d3_event, d) {
+           context.validator().toggleRule(d);
+         }
 
-       var regExes = {
-         'typeStr': /^\s*(\w+)\s*\(\s*(.*)\s*\)\s*$/,
-         'emptyTypeStr': /^\s*(\w+)\s*EMPTY\s*$/,
-         'spaces': /\s+/,
-         'parenComma': /\)\s*,\s*\(/,
-         'doubleParenComma': /\)\s*\)\s*,\s*\(\s*\(/, // can't use {2} here
-         'trimParens': /^\s*\(?(.*?)\)?\s*$/
-       };
+         context.validator().on('validated.uiSectionValidationRules', function () {
+           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
+         });
+         return section;
+       }
 
-       /**
-        * Class for reading and writing Well-Known Text.
-        *
-        * NOTE: Adapted from OpenLayers 2.11 implementation.
-        */
+       function uiSectionValidationStatus(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('issues-status', context).content(renderContent).shouldDisplay(function () {
+           var issues = context.validator().getIssues(getOptions());
+           return issues.length === 0;
+         });
 
-       /** Create a new parser for WKT
-        *
-        * @param {GeometryFactory} geometryFactory
-        * @return An instance of WKTParser.
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       var WKTParser = function WKTParser (geometryFactory) {
-         this.geometryFactory = geometryFactory || new GeometryFactory();
-       };
-       /**
-        * Deserialize a WKT string and return a geometry. Supports WKT for POINT,
-        * MULTIPOINT, LINESTRING, LINEARRING, MULTILINESTRING, POLYGON, MULTIPOLYGON,
-        * and GEOMETRYCOLLECTION.
-        *
-        * @param {String} wkt A WKT string.
-        * @return {Geometry} A geometry instance.
-        * @private
-        */
-       WKTParser.prototype.read = function read (wkt) {
-         var geometry, type, str;
-         wkt = wkt.replace(/[\n\r]/g, ' ');
-         var matches = regExes.typeStr.exec(wkt);
-         if (wkt.search('EMPTY') !== -1) {
-           matches = regExes.emptyTypeStr.exec(wkt);
-           matches[2] = undefined;
+         function getOptions() {
+           return {
+             what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
+             where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'
+           };
          }
-         if (matches) {
-           type = matches[1].toLowerCase();
-           str = matches[2];
-           if (parse$1[type]) {
-             geometry = parse$1[type].apply(this, [str]);
-           }
+
+         function renderContent(selection) {
+           var box = selection.selectAll('.box').data([0]);
+           var boxEnter = box.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'box');
+           boxEnter.append('div').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-apply', 'pre-text'));
+           var noIssuesMessage = boxEnter.append('span');
+           noIssuesMessage.append('strong').attr('class', 'message');
+           noIssuesMessage.append('br');
+           noIssuesMessage.append('span').attr('class', 'details');
+           renderIgnoredIssuesReset(selection);
+           setNoIssuesText(selection);
          }
 
-         if (geometry === undefined) { throw new Error('Could not parse WKT ' + wkt) }
+         function renderIgnoredIssuesReset(selection) {
+           var ignoredIssues = context.validator().getIssues({
+             what: 'all',
+             where: 'all',
+             includeDisabledRules: true,
+             includeIgnored: 'only'
+           });
+           var resetIgnored = selection.selectAll('.reset-ignored').data(ignoredIssues.length ? [0] : []); // exit
 
-         return geometry
-       };
+           resetIgnored.exit().remove(); // enter
 
-       /**
-        * Serialize a geometry into a WKT string.
-        *
-        * @param {Geometry} geometry A feature or array of features.
-        * @return {String} The WKT string representation of the input geometries.
-        * @private
-        */
-       WKTParser.prototype.write = function write (geometry) {
-         return this.extractGeometry(geometry)
-       };
+           var resetIgnoredEnter = resetIgnored.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'reset-ignored section-footer');
+           resetIgnoredEnter.append('a').attr('href', '#'); // update
 
-       /**
-        * Entry point to construct the WKT for a single Geometry object.
-        *
-        * @param {Geometry} geometry
-        * @return {String} A WKT string of representing the geometry.
-        * @private
-        */
-       WKTParser.prototype.extractGeometry = function extractGeometry (geometry) {
-         var type = geometry.getGeometryType().toLowerCase();
-         if (!extract$1[type]) {
-           return null
-         }
-         var wktType = type.toUpperCase();
-         var data;
-         if (geometry.isEmpty()) {
-           data = wktType + ' EMPTY';
-         } else {
-           data = wktType + '(' + extract$1[type].apply(this, [geometry]) + ')';
+           resetIgnored = resetIgnored.merge(resetIgnoredEnter);
+           resetIgnored.select('a').html(_t.html('inspector.title_count', {
+             title: {
+               html: _t.html('issues.reset_ignored')
+             },
+             count: ignoredIssues.length
+           }));
+           resetIgnored.on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.validator().resetIgnoredIssues();
+           });
          }
-         return data
-       };
 
-       /**
-        * Object with properties corresponding to the geometry types. Property values
-        * are functions that do the actual data extraction.
-        * @private
-        */
-       var extract$1 = {
-         coordinate: function coordinate (coordinate$1) {
-           return coordinate$1.x + ' ' + coordinate$1.y
-         },
+         function setNoIssuesText(selection) {
+           var opts = getOptions();
 
-         /**
-          * Return a space delimited string of point coordinates.
-          *
-          * @param {Point}
-          *          point
-          * @return {String} A string of coordinates representing the point.
-          */
-         point: function point (point$1) {
-           return extract$1.coordinate.call(this, point$1._coordinates._coordinates[0])
-         },
+           function checkForHiddenIssues(cases) {
+             for (var type in cases) {
+               var hiddenOpts = cases[type];
+               var hiddenIssues = context.validator().getIssues(hiddenOpts);
 
-         /**
-          * Return a comma delimited string of point coordinates from a multipoint.
-          *
-          * @param {MultiPoint}
-          *          multipoint
-          * @return {String} A string of point coordinate strings representing the
-          *         multipoint.
-          */
-         multipoint: function multipoint (multipoint$1) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               if (hiddenIssues.length) {
+                 selection.select('.box .details').html('').call(_t.append('issues.no_issues.hidden_issues.' + type, {
+                   count: hiddenIssues.length.toString()
+                 }));
+                 return;
+               }
+             }
 
-           var array = [];
-           for (var i = 0, len = multipoint$1._geometries.length; i < len; ++i) {
-             array.push('(' + extract$1.point.apply(this$1, [multipoint$1._geometries[i]]) + ')');
+             selection.select('.box .details').html('').call(_t.append('issues.no_issues.hidden_issues.none'));
            }
-           return array.join(',')
-         },
 
-         /**
-          * Return a comma delimited string of point coordinates from a line.
-          *
-          * @param {LineString} linestring
-          * @return {String} A string of point coordinate strings representing the linestring.
-          */
-         linestring: function linestring (linestring$1) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           var messageType;
 
-           var array = [];
-           for (var i = 0, len = linestring$1._points._coordinates.length; i < len; ++i) {
-             array.push(extract$1.coordinate.apply(this$1, [linestring$1._points._coordinates[i]]));
+           if (opts.what === 'edited' && opts.where === 'visible') {
+             messageType = 'edits_in_view';
+             checkForHiddenIssues({
+               elsewhere: {
+                 what: 'edited',
+                 where: 'all'
+               },
+               everything_else: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'visible'
+               },
+               disabled_rules: {
+                 what: 'edited',
+                 where: 'visible',
+                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
+               },
+               everything_else_elsewhere: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'all'
+               },
+               disabled_rules_elsewhere: {
+                 what: 'edited',
+                 where: 'all',
+                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
+               },
+               ignored_issues: {
+                 what: 'edited',
+                 where: 'visible',
+                 includeIgnored: 'only'
+               },
+               ignored_issues_elsewhere: {
+                 what: 'edited',
+                 where: 'all',
+                 includeIgnored: 'only'
+               }
+             });
+           } else if (opts.what === 'edited' && opts.where === 'all') {
+             messageType = 'edits';
+             checkForHiddenIssues({
+               everything_else: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'all'
+               },
+               disabled_rules: {
+                 what: 'edited',
+                 where: 'all',
+                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
+               },
+               ignored_issues: {
+                 what: 'edited',
+                 where: 'all',
+                 includeIgnored: 'only'
+               }
+             });
+           } else if (opts.what === 'all' && opts.where === 'visible') {
+             messageType = 'everything_in_view';
+             checkForHiddenIssues({
+               elsewhere: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'all'
+               },
+               disabled_rules: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'visible',
+                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
+               },
+               disabled_rules_elsewhere: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'all',
+                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
+               },
+               ignored_issues: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'visible',
+                 includeIgnored: 'only'
+               },
+               ignored_issues_elsewhere: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'all',
+                 includeIgnored: 'only'
+               }
+             });
+           } else if (opts.what === 'all' && opts.where === 'all') {
+             messageType = 'everything';
+             checkForHiddenIssues({
+               disabled_rules: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'all',
+                 includeDisabledRules: 'only'
+               },
+               ignored_issues: {
+                 what: 'all',
+                 where: 'all',
+                 includeIgnored: 'only'
+               }
+             });
            }
-           return array.join(',')
-         },
-
-         linearring: function linearring (linearring$1) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-           var array = [];
-           for (var i = 0, len = linearring$1._points._coordinates.length; i < len; ++i) {
-             array.push(extract$1.coordinate.apply(this$1, [linearring$1._points._coordinates[i]]));
+           if (opts.what === 'edited' && context.history().difference().summary().length === 0) {
+             messageType = 'no_edits';
            }
-           return array.join(',')
-         },
-
-         /**
-          * Return a comma delimited string of linestring strings from a
-          * multilinestring.
-          *
-          * @param {MultiLineString} multilinestring
-          * @return {String} A string of of linestring strings representing the multilinestring.
-          */
-         multilinestring: function multilinestring (multilinestring$1) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-           var array = [];
-           for (var i = 0, len = multilinestring$1._geometries.length; i < len; ++i) {
-             array.push('(' +
-               extract$1.linestring.apply(this$1, [multilinestring$1._geometries[i]]) +
-               ')');
-           }
-           return array.join(',')
-         },
+           selection.select('.box .message').html('').call(_t.append('issues.no_issues.message.' + messageType));
+         }
 
-         /**
-          * Return a comma delimited string of linear ring arrays from a polygon.
-          *
-          * @param {Polygon} polygon
-          * @return {String} An array of linear ring arrays representing the polygon.
-          */
-         polygon: function polygon (polygon$1) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         context.validator().on('validated.uiSectionValidationStatus', function () {
+           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
+         });
+         context.map().on('move.uiSectionValidationStatus', debounce(function () {
+           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
+         }, 1000));
+         return section;
+       }
 
-           var array = [];
-           array.push('(' + extract$1.linestring.apply(this, [polygon$1._shell]) + ')');
-           for (var i = 0, len = polygon$1._holes.length; i < len; ++i) {
-             array.push('(' + extract$1.linestring.apply(this$1, [polygon$1._holes[i]]) + ')');
-           }
-           return array.join(',')
-         },
+       function uiPaneIssues(context) {
+         var issuesPane = uiPane('issues', context).key(_t('issues.key')).label(_t.html('issues.title')).description(_t.html('issues.title')).iconName('iD-icon-alert').sections([uiSectionValidationOptions(context), uiSectionValidationStatus(context), uiSectionValidationIssues('issues-errors', 'error', context), uiSectionValidationIssues('issues-warnings', 'warning', context), uiSectionValidationRules(context)]);
+         return issuesPane;
+       }
 
-         /**
-          * Return an array of polygon arrays from a multipolygon.
-          *
-          * @param {MultiPolygon} multipolygon
-          * @return {String} An array of polygon arrays representing the multipolygon.
-          */
-         multipolygon: function multipolygon (multipolygon$1) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+       function uiSettingsCustomData(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('change');
+
+         function render(selection) {
+           var dataLayer = context.layers().layer('data'); // keep separate copies of original and current settings
+
+           var _origSettings = {
+             fileList: dataLayer && dataLayer.fileList() || null,
+             url: corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url')
+           };
+           var _currSettings = {
+             fileList: dataLayer && dataLayer.fileList() || null,
+             url: corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url')
+           }; // var example = 'https://{switch:a,b,c}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{zoom}/{x}/{y}.png';
+
+           var modal = uiConfirm(selection).okButton();
+           modal.classed('settings-modal settings-custom-data', true);
+           modal.select('.modal-section.header').append('h3').call(_t.append('settings.custom_data.header'));
+           var textSection = modal.select('.modal-section.message-text');
+           textSection.append('pre').attr('class', 'instructions-file').call(_t.append('settings.custom_data.file.instructions'));
+           textSection.append('input').attr('class', 'field-file').attr('type', 'file').attr('accept', '.gpx,.kml,.geojson,.json,application/gpx+xml,application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml,application/geo+json,application/json').property('files', _currSettings.fileList) // works for all except IE11
+           .on('change', function (d3_event) {
+             var files = d3_event.target.files;
+
+             if (files && files.length) {
+               _currSettings.url = '';
+               textSection.select('.field-url').property('value', '');
+               _currSettings.fileList = files;
+             } else {
+               _currSettings.fileList = null;
+             }
+           });
+           textSection.append('h4').call(_t.append('settings.custom_data.or'));
+           textSection.append('pre').attr('class', 'instructions-url').call(_t.append('settings.custom_data.url.instructions'));
+           textSection.append('textarea').attr('class', 'field-url').attr('placeholder', _t('settings.custom_data.url.placeholder')).call(utilNoAuto).property('value', _currSettings.url); // insert a cancel button
 
-           var array = [];
-           for (var i = 0, len = multipolygon$1._geometries.length; i < len; ++i) {
-             array.push('(' + extract$1.polygon.apply(this$1, [multipolygon$1._geometries[i]]) + ')');
-           }
-           return array.join(',')
-         },
+           var buttonSection = modal.select('.modal-section.buttons');
+           buttonSection.insert('button', '.ok-button').attr('class', 'button cancel-button secondary-action').call(_t.append('confirm.cancel'));
+           buttonSection.select('.cancel-button').on('click.cancel', clickCancel);
+           buttonSection.select('.ok-button').attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled).on('click.save', clickSave);
 
-         /**
-          * Return the WKT portion between 'GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(' and ')' for an
-          * geometrycollection.
-          *
-          * @param {GeometryCollection} collection
-          * @return {String} internal WKT representation of the collection.
-          */
-         geometrycollection: function geometrycollection (collection) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           function isSaveDisabled() {
+             return null;
+           } // restore the original url
 
-           var array = [];
-           for (var i = 0, len = collection._geometries.length; i < len; ++i) {
-             array.push(this$1.extractGeometry(collection._geometries[i]));
-           }
-           return array.join(',')
-         }
-       };
 
-       /**
-        * Object with properties corresponding to the geometry types. Property values
-        * are functions that do the actual parsing.
-        * @private
-        */
-       var parse$1 = {
-         /**
-          * Return point geometry given a point WKT fragment.
-          *
-          * @param {String} str A WKT fragment representing the point.
-          * @return {Point} A point geometry.
-          * @private
-          */
-         point: function point (str) {
-           if (str === undefined) {
-             return this.geometryFactory.createPoint()
-           }
+           function clickCancel() {
+             textSection.select('.field-url').property('value', _origSettings.url);
+             corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url', _origSettings.url);
+             this.blur();
+             modal.close();
+           } // accept the current url
 
-           var coords = str.trim().split(regExes.spaces);
-           return this.geometryFactory.createPoint(new Coordinate(Number.parseFloat(coords[0]),
-             Number.parseFloat(coords[1])))
-         },
 
-         /**
-          * Return a multipoint geometry given a multipoint WKT fragment.
-          *
-          * @param {String} str A WKT fragment representing the multipoint.
-          * @return {Point} A multipoint feature.
-          * @private
-          */
-         multipoint: function multipoint (str) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           function clickSave() {
+             _currSettings.url = textSection.select('.field-url').property('value').trim(); // one or the other but not both
 
-           if (str === undefined) {
-             return this.geometryFactory.createMultiPoint()
-           }
+             if (_currSettings.url) {
+               _currSettings.fileList = null;
+             }
 
-           var point;
-           var points = str.trim().split(',');
-           var components = [];
-           for (var i = 0, len = points.length; i < len; ++i) {
-             point = points[i].replace(regExes.trimParens, '$1');
-             components.push(parse$1.point.apply(this$1, [point]));
-           }
-           return this.geometryFactory.createMultiPoint(components)
-         },
+             if (_currSettings.fileList) {
+               _currSettings.url = '';
+             }
 
-         /**
-          * Return a linestring geometry given a linestring WKT fragment.
-          *
-          * @param {String} str A WKT fragment representing the linestring.
-          * @return {LineString} A linestring geometry.
-          * @private
-          */
-         linestring: function linestring (str) {
-           if (str === undefined) {
-             return this.geometryFactory.createLineString()
+             corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url', _currSettings.url);
+             this.blur();
+             modal.close();
+             dispatch.call('change', this, _currSettings);
            }
+         }
 
-           var points = str.trim().split(',');
-           var components = [];
-           var coords;
-           for (var i = 0, len = points.length; i < len; ++i) {
-             coords = points[i].trim().split(regExes.spaces);
-             components.push(new Coordinate(Number.parseFloat(coords[0]), Number.parseFloat(coords[1])));
-           }
-           return this.geometryFactory.createLineString(components)
-         },
+         return utilRebind(render, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
-         /**
-          * Return a linearring geometry given a linearring WKT fragment.
-          *
-          * @param {String} str A WKT fragment representing the linearring.
-          * @return {LinearRing} A linearring geometry.
-          * @private
-          */
-         linearring: function linearring (str) {
-           if (str === undefined) {
-             return this.geometryFactory.createLinearRing()
-           }
+       function uiSectionDataLayers(context) {
+         var settingsCustomData = uiSettingsCustomData(context).on('change', customChanged);
+         var layers = context.layers();
+         var section = uiSection('data-layers', context).label(_t.html('map_data.data_layers')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
 
-           var points = str.trim().split(',');
-           var components = [];
-           var coords;
-           for (var i = 0, len = points.length; i < len; ++i) {
-             coords = points[i].trim().split(regExes.spaces);
-             components.push(new Coordinate(Number.parseFloat(coords[0]), Number.parseFloat(coords[1])));
-           }
-           return this.geometryFactory.createLinearRing(components)
-         },
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.data-layer-container').data([0]);
+           container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'data-layer-container').merge(container).call(drawOsmItems).call(drawQAItems).call(drawCustomDataItems).call(drawVectorItems) // Beta - Detroit mapping challenge
+           .call(drawPanelItems);
+         }
 
-         /**
-          * Return a multilinestring geometry given a multilinestring WKT fragment.
-          *
-          * @param {String} str A WKT fragment representing the multilinestring.
-          * @return {MultiLineString} A multilinestring geometry.
-          * @private
-          */
-         multilinestring: function multilinestring (str) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         function showsLayer(which) {
+           var layer = layers.layer(which);
 
-           if (str === undefined) {
-             return this.geometryFactory.createMultiLineString()
+           if (layer) {
+             return layer.enabled();
            }
 
-           var line;
-           var lines = str.trim().split(regExes.parenComma);
-           var components = [];
-           for (var i = 0, len = lines.length; i < len; ++i) {
-             line = lines[i].replace(regExes.trimParens, '$1');
-             components.push(parse$1.linestring.apply(this$1, [line]));
-           }
-           return this.geometryFactory.createMultiLineString(components)
-         },
+           return false;
+         }
 
-         /**
-          * Return a polygon geometry given a polygon WKT fragment.
-          *
-          * @param {String} str A WKT fragment representing the polygon.
-          * @return {Polygon} A polygon geometry.
-          * @private
-          */
-         polygon: function polygon (str) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         function setLayer(which, enabled) {
+           // Don't allow layer changes while drawing - #6584
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           if (mode && /^draw/.test(mode.id)) return;
+           var layer = layers.layer(which);
+
+           if (layer) {
+             layer.enabled(enabled);
 
-           if (str === undefined) {
-             return this.geometryFactory.createPolygon()
+             if (!enabled && (which === 'osm' || which === 'notes')) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             }
            }
+         }
 
-           var ring, linestring, linearring;
-           var rings = str.trim().split(regExes.parenComma);
-           var shell;
-           var holes = [];
-           for (var i = 0, len = rings.length; i < len; ++i) {
-             ring = rings[i].replace(regExes.trimParens, '$1');
-             linestring = parse$1.linestring.apply(this$1, [ring]);
-             linearring = this$1.geometryFactory.createLinearRing(linestring._points);
-             if (i === 0) {
-               shell = linearring;
+         function toggleLayer(which) {
+           setLayer(which, !showsLayer(which));
+         }
+
+         function drawOsmItems(selection) {
+           var osmKeys = ['osm', 'notes'];
+           var osmLayers = layers.all().filter(function (obj) {
+             return osmKeys.indexOf(obj.id) !== -1;
+           });
+           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-osm').data([0]);
+           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-osm').merge(ul);
+           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item').data(osmLayers);
+           li.exit().remove();
+           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'list-item list-item-' + d.id;
+           });
+           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
+             if (d.id === 'osm') {
+               select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.tooltip')).keys([uiCmd('⌥' + _t('area_fill.wireframe.key'))]).placement('bottom'));
              } else {
-               holes.push(linearring);
+               select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.tooltip')).placement('bottom'));
              }
-           }
-           return this.geometryFactory.createPolygon(shell, holes)
-         },
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
+             toggleLayer(d.id);
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.title');
+           }); // Update
+
+           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', function (d) {
+             return d.layer.enabled();
+           }).selectAll('input').property('checked', function (d) {
+             return d.layer.enabled();
+           });
+         }
 
-         /**
-          * Return a multipolygon geometry given a multipolygon WKT fragment.
-          *
-          * @param {String} str A WKT fragment representing the multipolygon.
-          * @return {MultiPolygon} A multipolygon geometry.
-          * @private
-          */
-         multipolygon: function multipolygon (str) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         function drawQAItems(selection) {
+           var qaKeys = ['keepRight', 'improveOSM', 'osmose'];
+           var qaLayers = layers.all().filter(function (obj) {
+             return qaKeys.indexOf(obj.id) !== -1;
+           });
+           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-qa').data([0]);
+           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-qa').merge(ul);
+           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item').data(qaLayers);
+           li.exit().remove();
+           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'list-item list-item-' + d.id;
+           });
+           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.tooltip')).placement('bottom'));
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
+             toggleLayer(d.id);
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.title');
+           }); // Update
+
+           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', function (d) {
+             return d.layer.enabled();
+           }).selectAll('input').property('checked', function (d) {
+             return d.layer.enabled();
+           });
+         } // Beta feature - sample vector layers to support Detroit Mapping Challenge
+         // https://github.com/osmus/detroit-mapping-challenge
 
-           if (str === undefined) {
-             return this.geometryFactory.createMultiPolygon()
-           }
 
-           var polygon;
-           var polygons = str.trim().split(regExes.doubleParenComma);
-           var components = [];
-           for (var i = 0, len = polygons.length; i < len; ++i) {
-             polygon = polygons[i].replace(regExes.trimParens, '$1');
-             components.push(parse$1.polygon.apply(this$1, [polygon]));
-           }
-           return this.geometryFactory.createMultiPolygon(components)
-         },
+         function drawVectorItems(selection) {
+           var dataLayer = layers.layer('data');
+           var vtData = [{
+             name: 'Detroit Neighborhoods/Parks',
+             src: 'neighborhoods-parks',
+             tooltip: 'Neighborhood boundaries and parks as compiled by City of Detroit in concert with community groups.',
+             template: 'https://{switch:a,b,c,d}.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/jonahadkins.cjksmur6x34562qp9iv1u3ksf-54hev,jonahadkins.cjksmqxdx33jj2wp90xd9x2md-4e5y2/{z}/{x}/{y}.vector.pbf?access_token=pk.eyJ1Ijoiam9uYWhhZGtpbnMiLCJhIjoiRlVVVkx3VSJ9.9sdVEK_B_VkEXPjssU5MqA'
+           }, {
+             name: 'Detroit Composite POIs',
+             src: 'composite-poi',
+             tooltip: 'Fire Inspections, Business Licenses, and other public location data collated from the City of Detroit.',
+             template: 'https://{switch:a,b,c,d}.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/jonahadkins.cjksmm6a02sli31myxhsr7zf3-2sw8h/{z}/{x}/{y}.vector.pbf?access_token=pk.eyJ1Ijoiam9uYWhhZGtpbnMiLCJhIjoiRlVVVkx3VSJ9.9sdVEK_B_VkEXPjssU5MqA'
+           }, {
+             name: 'Detroit All-The-Places POIs',
+             src: 'alltheplaces-poi',
+             tooltip: 'Public domain business location data created by web scrapers.',
+             template: 'https://{switch:a,b,c,d}.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/jonahadkins.cjksmswgk340g2vo06p1w9w0j-8fjjc/{z}/{x}/{y}.vector.pbf?access_token=pk.eyJ1Ijoiam9uYWhhZGtpbnMiLCJhIjoiRlVVVkx3VSJ9.9sdVEK_B_VkEXPjssU5MqA'
+           }]; // Only show this if the map is around Detroit..
+
+           var detroit = geoExtent([-83.5, 42.1], [-82.8, 42.5]);
+           var showVectorItems = context.map().zoom() > 9 && detroit.contains(context.map().center());
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.vectortile-container').data(showVectorItems ? [0] : []);
+           container.exit().remove();
+           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'vectortile-container');
+           containerEnter.append('h4').attr('class', 'vectortile-header').text('Detroit Vector Tiles (Beta)');
+           containerEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-vectortile');
+           containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'vectortile-footer').append('a').attr('target', '_blank').call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline')).attr('href', 'https://github.com/osmus/detroit-mapping-challenge').append('span').text('About these layers');
+           container = container.merge(containerEnter);
+           var ul = container.selectAll('.layer-list-vectortile');
+           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item').data(vtData);
+           li.exit().remove();
+           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'list-item list-item-' + d.src;
+           });
+           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(d.tooltip).placement('top'));
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'radio').attr('name', 'vectortile').on('change', selectVTLayer);
+           labelEnter.append('span').text(function (d) {
+             return d.name;
+           }); // Update
 
-         /**
-          * Return a geometrycollection given a geometrycollection WKT fragment.
-          *
-          * @param {String} str A WKT fragment representing the geometrycollection.
-          * @return {GeometryCollection}
-          * @private
-          */
-         geometrycollection: function geometrycollection (str) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', isVTLayerSelected).selectAll('input').property('checked', isVTLayerSelected);
 
-           if (str === undefined) {
-             return this.geometryFactory.createGeometryCollection()
+           function isVTLayerSelected(d) {
+             return dataLayer && dataLayer.template() === d.template;
            }
 
-           // separate components of the collection with |
-           str = str.replace(/,\s*([A-Za-z])/g, '|$1');
-           var wktArray = str.trim().split('|');
-           var components = [];
-           for (var i = 0, len = wktArray.length; i < len; ++i) {
-             components.push(this$1.read(wktArray[i]));
+           function selectVTLayer(d3_event, d) {
+             corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url', d.template);
+
+             if (dataLayer) {
+               dataLayer.template(d.template, d.src);
+               dataLayer.enabled(true);
+             }
            }
-           return this.geometryFactory.createGeometryCollection(components)
          }
-       };
 
-       /**
-        * Writes the Well-Known Text representation of a {@link Geometry}. The
-        * Well-Known Text format is defined in the <A
-        * HREF="http://www.opengis.org/techno/specs.htm"> OGC Simple Features
-        * Specification for SQL</A>.
-        * <p>
-        * The <code>WKTWriter</code> outputs coordinates rounded to the precision
-        * model. Only the maximum number of decimal places necessary to represent the
-        * ordinates to the required precision will be output.
-        * <p>
-        * The SFS WKT spec does not define a special tag for {@link LinearRing}s.
-        * Under the spec, rings are output as <code>LINESTRING</code>s.
-        */
+         function drawCustomDataItems(selection) {
+           var dataLayer = layers.layer('data');
+           var hasData = dataLayer && dataLayer.hasData();
+           var showsData = hasData && dataLayer.enabled();
+           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-data').data(dataLayer ? [0] : []); // Exit
 
-       /**
-        * @param {GeometryFactory} geometryFactory
-        * @constructor
-        */
-       var WKTWriter = function WKTWriter (geometryFactory) {
-         this.parser = new WKTParser(geometryFactory);
-       };
+           ul.exit().remove(); // Enter
 
-       /**
-        * Converts a <code>Geometry</code> to its Well-known Text representation.
-        *
-        * @param {Geometry} geometry a <code>Geometry</code> to process.
-        * @return {string} a <Geometry Tagged Text> string (see the OpenGIS Simple
-        *       Features Specification).
-        * @memberof WKTWriter
-        */
-       WKTWriter.prototype.write = function write (geometry) {
-         return this.parser.write(geometry)
-       };
-       /**
-        * Generates the WKT for a <tt>LINESTRING</tt> specified by two
-        * {@link Coordinate}s.
-        *
-        * @param p0 the first coordinate.
-        * @param p1 the second coordinate.
-        *
-        * @return the WKT.
-        * @private
-        */
-       WKTWriter.toLineString = function toLineString (p0, p1) {
-         if (arguments.length !== 2) {
-           throw new Error('Not implemented')
-         }
-         return 'LINESTRING ( ' + p0.x + ' ' + p0.y + ', ' + p1.x + ' ' + p1.y + ' )'
-       };
+           var ulEnter = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-data');
+           var liEnter = ulEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'list-item-data');
+           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.layers.custom.tooltip')).placement('top'));
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function () {
+             toggleLayer('data');
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('span').call(_t.append('map_data.layers.custom.title'));
+           liEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'open-data-options').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('settings.custom_data.tooltip')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             editCustom();
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-more'));
+           liEnter.append('button').attr('class', 'zoom-to-data').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.layers.custom.zoom')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             if (select(this).classed('disabled')) return;
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             dataLayer.fitZoom();
+           }).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'monochrome')); // Update
 
-       var RuntimeException = (function (Error) {
-         function RuntimeException (message) {
-           Error.call(this, message);
-           this.name = 'RuntimeException';
-           this.message = message;
-           this.stack = (new Error()).stack;
+           ul = ul.merge(ulEnter);
+           ul.selectAll('.list-item-data').classed('active', showsData).selectAll('label').classed('deemphasize', !hasData).selectAll('input').property('disabled', !hasData).property('checked', showsData);
+           ul.selectAll('button.zoom-to-data').classed('disabled', !hasData);
          }
 
-         if ( Error ) RuntimeException.__proto__ = Error;
-         RuntimeException.prototype = Object.create( Error && Error.prototype );
-         RuntimeException.prototype.constructor = RuntimeException;
+         function editCustom() {
+           context.container().call(settingsCustomData);
+         }
 
-         return RuntimeException;
-       }(Error));
+         function customChanged(d) {
+           var dataLayer = layers.layer('data');
 
-       var AssertionFailedException = (function (RuntimeException$$1) {
-         function AssertionFailedException () {
-           RuntimeException$$1.call(this);
-           if (arguments.length === 0) {
-             RuntimeException$$1.call(this);
-           } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var message = arguments[0];
-             RuntimeException$$1.call(this, message);
+           if (d && d.url) {
+             dataLayer.url(d.url);
+           } else if (d && d.fileList) {
+             dataLayer.fileList(d.fileList);
            }
          }
 
-         if ( RuntimeException$$1 ) AssertionFailedException.__proto__ = RuntimeException$$1;
-         AssertionFailedException.prototype = Object.create( RuntimeException$$1 && RuntimeException$$1.prototype );
-         AssertionFailedException.prototype.constructor = AssertionFailedException;
-         AssertionFailedException.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         AssertionFailedException.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return AssertionFailedException
-         };
+         function drawPanelItems(selection) {
+           var panelsListEnter = selection.selectAll('.md-extras-list').data([0]).enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list md-extras-list');
+           var historyPanelLabelEnter = panelsListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'history-panel-toggle-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.history_panel.tooltip')).keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.history.key'))]).placement('top'));
+           historyPanelLabelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.ui().info.toggle('history');
+           });
+           historyPanelLabelEnter.append('span').call(_t.append('map_data.history_panel.title'));
+           var measurementPanelLabelEnter = panelsListEnter.append('li').attr('class', 'measurement-panel-toggle-item').append('label').call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('map_data.measurement_panel.tooltip')).keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.measurement.key'))]).placement('top'));
+           measurementPanelLabelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.ui().info.toggle('measurement');
+           });
+           measurementPanelLabelEnter.append('span').call(_t.append('map_data.measurement_panel.title'));
+         }
 
-         return AssertionFailedException;
-       }(RuntimeException));
+         context.layers().on('change.uiSectionDataLayers', section.reRender);
+         context.map().on('move.uiSectionDataLayers', debounce(function () {
+           // Detroit layers may have moved in or out of view
+           window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
+         }, 1000));
+         return section;
+       }
 
-       var Assert = function Assert () {};
+       function uiSectionMapFeatures(context) {
+         var _features = context.features().keys();
+
+         var section = uiSection('map-features', context).label(_t.html('map_data.map_features')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).expandedByDefault(false);
+
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-feature-list-container').data([0]);
+           var containerEnter = container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'layer-feature-list-container');
+           containerEnter.append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-feature-list');
+           var footer = containerEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'feature-list-links section-footer');
+           footer.append('a').attr('class', 'feature-list-link').attr('role', 'button').attr('href', '#').call(_t.append('issues.disable_all')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.features().disableAll();
+           });
+           footer.append('a').attr('class', 'feature-list-link').attr('role', 'button').attr('href', '#').call(_t.append('issues.enable_all')).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.features().enableAll();
+           }); // Update
 
-       Assert.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       Assert.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Assert
-       };
-       Assert.shouldNeverReachHere = function shouldNeverReachHere () {
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           Assert.shouldNeverReachHere(null);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var message = arguments[0];
-           throw new AssertionFailedException('Should never reach here' + (message !== null ? ': ' + message : ''))
+           container = container.merge(containerEnter);
+           container.selectAll('.layer-feature-list').call(drawListItems, _features, 'checkbox', 'feature', clickFeature, showsFeature);
          }
-       };
-       Assert.isTrue = function isTrue () {
-         var assertion;
-         var message;
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           assertion = arguments[0];
-           Assert.isTrue(assertion, null);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           assertion = arguments[0];
-           message = arguments[1];
-           if (!assertion) {
-             if (message === null) {
-               throw new AssertionFailedException()
-             } else {
-               throw new AssertionFailedException(message)
+
+         function drawListItems(selection, data, type, name, change, active) {
+           var items = selection.selectAll('li').data(data); // Exit
+
+           items.exit().remove(); // Enter
+
+           var enter = items.enter().append('li').call(uiTooltip().title(function (d) {
+             var tip = _t.html(name + '.' + d + '.tooltip');
+
+             if (autoHiddenFeature(d)) {
+               var msg = showsLayer('osm') ? _t.html('map_data.autohidden') : _t.html('map_data.osmhidden');
+               tip += '<div>' + msg + '</div>';
              }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       Assert.equals = function equals () {
-         var expectedValue;
-         var actualValue;
-         var message;
-         if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           expectedValue = arguments[0];
-           actualValue = arguments[1];
-           Assert.equals(expectedValue, actualValue, null);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           expectedValue = arguments[0];
-           actualValue = arguments[1];
-           message = arguments[2];
-           if (!actualValue.equals(expectedValue)) {
-             throw new AssertionFailedException('Expected ' + expectedValue + ' but encountered ' + actualValue + (message !== null ? ': ' + message : ''))
-           }
-         }
-       };
 
-       var LineIntersector = function LineIntersector () {
-         this._result = null;
-         this._inputLines = Array(2).fill().map(function () { return Array(2); });
-         this._intPt = new Array(2).fill(null);
-         this._intLineIndex = null;
-         this._isProper = null;
-         this._pa = null;
-         this._pb = null;
-         this._precisionModel = null;
-         this._intPt[0] = new Coordinate();
-         this._intPt[1] = new Coordinate();
-         this._pa = this._intPt[0];
-         this._pb = this._intPt[1];
-         this._result = 0;
-       };
+             return tip;
+           }).placement('top'));
+           var label = enter.append('label');
+           label.append('input').attr('type', type).attr('name', name).on('change', change);
+           label.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html(name + '.' + d + '.description');
+           }); // Update
 
-       var staticAccessors$10 = { DONT_INTERSECT: { configurable: true },DO_INTERSECT: { configurable: true },COLLINEAR: { configurable: true },NO_INTERSECTION: { configurable: true },POINT_INTERSECTION: { configurable: true },COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION: { configurable: true } };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.getIndexAlongSegment = function getIndexAlongSegment (segmentIndex, intIndex) {
-         this.computeIntLineIndex();
-         return this._intLineIndex[segmentIndex][intIndex]
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.getTopologySummary = function getTopologySummary () {
-         var catBuf = new StringBuffer();
-         if (this.isEndPoint()) { catBuf.append(' endpoint'); }
-         if (this._isProper) { catBuf.append(' proper'); }
-         if (this.isCollinear()) { catBuf.append(' collinear'); }
-         return catBuf.toString()
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.computeIntersection = function computeIntersection (p1, p2, p3, p4) {
-         this._inputLines[0][0] = p1;
-         this._inputLines[0][1] = p2;
-         this._inputLines[1][0] = p3;
-         this._inputLines[1][1] = p4;
-         this._result = this.computeIntersect(p1, p2, p3, p4);
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.getIntersectionNum = function getIntersectionNum () {
-         return this._result
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.computeIntLineIndex = function computeIntLineIndex () {
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           if (this._intLineIndex === null) {
-             this._intLineIndex = Array(2).fill().map(function () { return Array(2); });
-             this.computeIntLineIndex(0);
-             this.computeIntLineIndex(1);
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var segmentIndex = arguments[0];
-           var dist0 = this.getEdgeDistance(segmentIndex, 0);
-           var dist1 = this.getEdgeDistance(segmentIndex, 1);
-           if (dist0 > dist1) {
-             this._intLineIndex[segmentIndex][0] = 0;
-             this._intLineIndex[segmentIndex][1] = 1;
-           } else {
-             this._intLineIndex[segmentIndex][0] = 1;
-             this._intLineIndex[segmentIndex][1] = 0;
-           }
+           items = items.merge(enter);
+           items.classed('active', active).selectAll('input').property('checked', active).property('indeterminate', autoHiddenFeature);
          }
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.isProper = function isProper () {
-         return this.hasIntersection() && this._isProper
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.setPrecisionModel = function setPrecisionModel (precisionModel) {
-         this._precisionModel = precisionModel;
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.isInteriorIntersection = function isInteriorIntersection () {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           if (this.isInteriorIntersection(0)) { return true }
-           if (this.isInteriorIntersection(1)) { return true }
-           return false
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var inputLineIndex = arguments[0];
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._result; i++) {
-             if (!(this$1._intPt[i].equals2D(this$1._inputLines[inputLineIndex][0]) || this$1._intPt[i].equals2D(this$1._inputLines[inputLineIndex][1]))) {
-               return true
-             }
-           }
-           return false
+         function autoHiddenFeature(d) {
+           return context.features().autoHidden(d);
          }
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.getIntersection = function getIntersection (intIndex) {
-         return this._intPt[intIndex]
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.isEndPoint = function isEndPoint () {
-         return this.hasIntersection() && !this._isProper
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.hasIntersection = function hasIntersection () {
-         return this._result !== LineIntersector.NO_INTERSECTION
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.getEdgeDistance = function getEdgeDistance (segmentIndex, intIndex) {
-         var dist = LineIntersector.computeEdgeDistance(this._intPt[intIndex], this._inputLines[segmentIndex][0], this._inputLines[segmentIndex][1]);
-         return dist
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.isCollinear = function isCollinear () {
-         return this._result === LineIntersector.COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         return WKTWriter.toLineString(this._inputLines[0][0], this._inputLines[0][1]) + ' - ' + WKTWriter.toLineString(this._inputLines[1][0], this._inputLines[1][1]) + this.getTopologySummary()
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.getEndpoint = function getEndpoint (segmentIndex, ptIndex) {
-         return this._inputLines[segmentIndex][ptIndex]
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.isIntersection = function isIntersection (pt) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < this._result; i++) {
-           if (this$1._intPt[i].equals2D(pt)) {
-             return true
-           }
+         function showsFeature(d) {
+           return context.features().enabled(d);
          }
-         return false
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.getIntersectionAlongSegment = function getIntersectionAlongSegment (segmentIndex, intIndex) {
-         this.computeIntLineIndex();
-         return this._intPt[this._intLineIndex[segmentIndex][intIndex]]
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       LineIntersector.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return LineIntersector
-       };
-       LineIntersector.computeEdgeDistance = function computeEdgeDistance (p, p0, p1) {
-         var dx = Math.abs(p1.x - p0.x);
-         var dy = Math.abs(p1.y - p0.y);
-         var dist = -1.0;
-         if (p.equals(p0)) {
-           dist = 0.0;
-         } else if (p.equals(p1)) {
-           if (dx > dy) { dist = dx; } else { dist = dy; }
-         } else {
-           var pdx = Math.abs(p.x - p0.x);
-           var pdy = Math.abs(p.y - p0.y);
-           if (dx > dy) { dist = pdx; } else { dist = pdy; }
-           if (dist === 0.0 && !p.equals(p0)) {
-             dist = Math.max(pdx, pdy);
-           }
+
+         function clickFeature(d3_event, d) {
+           context.features().toggle(d);
          }
-         Assert.isTrue(!(dist === 0.0 && !p.equals(p0)), 'Bad distance calculation');
-         return dist
-       };
-       LineIntersector.nonRobustComputeEdgeDistance = function nonRobustComputeEdgeDistance (p, p1, p2) {
-         var dx = p.x - p1.x;
-         var dy = p.y - p1.y;
-         var dist = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
-         Assert.isTrue(!(dist === 0.0 && !p.equals(p1)), 'Invalid distance calculation');
-         return dist
-       };
-       staticAccessors$10.DONT_INTERSECT.get = function () { return 0 };
-       staticAccessors$10.DO_INTERSECT.get = function () { return 1 };
-       staticAccessors$10.COLLINEAR.get = function () { return 2 };
-       staticAccessors$10.NO_INTERSECTION.get = function () { return 0 };
-       staticAccessors$10.POINT_INTERSECTION.get = function () { return 1 };
-       staticAccessors$10.COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION.get = function () { return 2 };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( LineIntersector, staticAccessors$10 );
-
-       var RobustLineIntersector = (function (LineIntersector$$1) {
-         function RobustLineIntersector () {
-           LineIntersector$$1.apply(this, arguments);
-         }
-
-         if ( LineIntersector$$1 ) RobustLineIntersector.__proto__ = LineIntersector$$1;
-         RobustLineIntersector.prototype = Object.create( LineIntersector$$1 && LineIntersector$$1.prototype );
-         RobustLineIntersector.prototype.constructor = RobustLineIntersector;
-
-         RobustLineIntersector.prototype.isInSegmentEnvelopes = function isInSegmentEnvelopes (intPt) {
-           var env0 = new Envelope(this._inputLines[0][0], this._inputLines[0][1]);
-           var env1 = new Envelope(this._inputLines[1][0], this._inputLines[1][1]);
-           return env0.contains(intPt) && env1.contains(intPt)
-         };
-         RobustLineIntersector.prototype.computeIntersection = function computeIntersection () {
-           if (arguments.length === 3) {
-             var p = arguments[0];
-             var p1 = arguments[1];
-             var p2 = arguments[2];
-             this._isProper = false;
-             if (Envelope.intersects(p1, p2, p)) {
-               if (CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(p1, p2, p) === 0 && CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(p2, p1, p) === 0) {
-                 this._isProper = true;
-                 if (p.equals(p1) || p.equals(p2)) {
-                   this._isProper = false;
-                 }
-                 this._result = LineIntersector$$1.POINT_INTERSECTION;
-                 return null
-               }
-             }
-             this._result = LineIntersector$$1.NO_INTERSECTION;
-           } else { return LineIntersector$$1.prototype.computeIntersection.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         RobustLineIntersector.prototype.normalizeToMinimum = function normalizeToMinimum (n1, n2, n3, n4, normPt) {
-           normPt.x = this.smallestInAbsValue(n1.x, n2.x, n3.x, n4.x);
-           normPt.y = this.smallestInAbsValue(n1.y, n2.y, n3.y, n4.y);
-           n1.x -= normPt.x;
-           n1.y -= normPt.y;
-           n2.x -= normPt.x;
-           n2.y -= normPt.y;
-           n3.x -= normPt.x;
-           n3.y -= normPt.y;
-           n4.x -= normPt.x;
-           n4.y -= normPt.y;
-         };
-         RobustLineIntersector.prototype.safeHCoordinateIntersection = function safeHCoordinateIntersection (p1, p2, q1, q2) {
-           var intPt = null;
-           try {
-             intPt = HCoordinate.intersection(p1, p2, q1, q2);
-           } catch (e) {
-             if (e instanceof NotRepresentableException) {
-               intPt = RobustLineIntersector.nearestEndpoint(p1, p2, q1, q2);
-             } else { throw e }
-           } finally {}
-           return intPt
-         };
-         RobustLineIntersector.prototype.intersection = function intersection (p1, p2, q1, q2) {
-           var intPt = this.intersectionWithNormalization(p1, p2, q1, q2);
-           if (!this.isInSegmentEnvelopes(intPt)) {
-             intPt = new Coordinate(RobustLineIntersector.nearestEndpoint(p1, p2, q1, q2));
-           }
-           if (this._precisionModel !== null) {
-             this._precisionModel.makePrecise(intPt);
-           }
-           return intPt
-         };
-         RobustLineIntersector.prototype.smallestInAbsValue = function smallestInAbsValue (x1, x2, x3, x4) {
-           var x = x1;
-           var xabs = Math.abs(x);
-           if (Math.abs(x2) < xabs) {
-             x = x2;
-             xabs = Math.abs(x2);
-           }
-           if (Math.abs(x3) < xabs) {
-             x = x3;
-             xabs = Math.abs(x3);
-           }
-           if (Math.abs(x4) < xabs) {
-             x = x4;
-           }
-           return x
-         };
-         RobustLineIntersector.prototype.checkDD = function checkDD (p1, p2, q1, q2, intPt) {
-           var intPtDD = CGAlgorithmsDD.intersection(p1, p2, q1, q2);
-           var isIn = this.isInSegmentEnvelopes(intPtDD);
-           System.out.println('DD in env = ' + isIn + '  --------------------- ' + intPtDD);
-           if (intPt.distance(intPtDD) > 0.0001) {
-             System.out.println('Distance = ' + intPt.distance(intPtDD));
-           }
-         };
-         RobustLineIntersector.prototype.intersectionWithNormalization = function intersectionWithNormalization (p1, p2, q1, q2) {
-           var n1 = new Coordinate(p1);
-           var n2 = new Coordinate(p2);
-           var n3 = new Coordinate(q1);
-           var n4 = new Coordinate(q2);
-           var normPt = new Coordinate();
-           this.normalizeToEnvCentre(n1, n2, n3, n4, normPt);
-           var intPt = this.safeHCoordinateIntersection(n1, n2, n3, n4);
-           intPt.x += normPt.x;
-           intPt.y += normPt.y;
-           return intPt
-         };
-         RobustLineIntersector.prototype.computeCollinearIntersection = function computeCollinearIntersection (p1, p2, q1, q2) {
-           var p1q1p2 = Envelope.intersects(p1, p2, q1);
-           var p1q2p2 = Envelope.intersects(p1, p2, q2);
-           var q1p1q2 = Envelope.intersects(q1, q2, p1);
-           var q1p2q2 = Envelope.intersects(q1, q2, p2);
-           if (p1q1p2 && p1q2p2) {
-             this._intPt[0] = q1;
-             this._intPt[1] = q2;
-             return LineIntersector$$1.COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION
-           }
-           if (q1p1q2 && q1p2q2) {
-             this._intPt[0] = p1;
-             this._intPt[1] = p2;
-             return LineIntersector$$1.COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION
-           }
-           if (p1q1p2 && q1p1q2) {
-             this._intPt[0] = q1;
-             this._intPt[1] = p1;
-             return q1.equals(p1) && !p1q2p2 && !q1p2q2 ? LineIntersector$$1.POINT_INTERSECTION : LineIntersector$$1.COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION
-           }
-           if (p1q1p2 && q1p2q2) {
-             this._intPt[0] = q1;
-             this._intPt[1] = p2;
-             return q1.equals(p2) && !p1q2p2 && !q1p1q2 ? LineIntersector$$1.POINT_INTERSECTION : LineIntersector$$1.COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION
-           }
-           if (p1q2p2 && q1p1q2) {
-             this._intPt[0] = q2;
-             this._intPt[1] = p1;
-             return q2.equals(p1) && !p1q1p2 && !q1p2q2 ? LineIntersector$$1.POINT_INTERSECTION : LineIntersector$$1.COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION
-           }
-           if (p1q2p2 && q1p2q2) {
-             this._intPt[0] = q2;
-             this._intPt[1] = p2;
-             return q2.equals(p2) && !p1q1p2 && !q1p1q2 ? LineIntersector$$1.POINT_INTERSECTION : LineIntersector$$1.COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION
-           }
-           return LineIntersector$$1.NO_INTERSECTION
-         };
-         RobustLineIntersector.prototype.normalizeToEnvCentre = function normalizeToEnvCentre (n00, n01, n10, n11, normPt) {
-           var minX0 = n00.x < n01.x ? n00.x : n01.x;
-           var minY0 = n00.y < n01.y ? n00.y : n01.y;
-           var maxX0 = n00.x > n01.x ? n00.x : n01.x;
-           var maxY0 = n00.y > n01.y ? n00.y : n01.y;
-           var minX1 = n10.x < n11.x ? n10.x : n11.x;
-           var minY1 = n10.y < n11.y ? n10.y : n11.y;
-           var maxX1 = n10.x > n11.x ? n10.x : n11.x;
-           var maxY1 = n10.y > n11.y ? n10.y : n11.y;
-           var intMinX = minX0 > minX1 ? minX0 : minX1;
-           var intMaxX = maxX0 < maxX1 ? maxX0 : maxX1;
-           var intMinY = minY0 > minY1 ? minY0 : minY1;
-           var intMaxY = maxY0 < maxY1 ? maxY0 : maxY1;
-           var intMidX = (intMinX + intMaxX) / 2.0;
-           var intMidY = (intMinY + intMaxY) / 2.0;
-           normPt.x = intMidX;
-           normPt.y = intMidY;
-           n00.x -= normPt.x;
-           n00.y -= normPt.y;
-           n01.x -= normPt.x;
-           n01.y -= normPt.y;
-           n10.x -= normPt.x;
-           n10.y -= normPt.y;
-           n11.x -= normPt.x;
-           n11.y -= normPt.y;
-         };
-         RobustLineIntersector.prototype.computeIntersect = function computeIntersect (p1, p2, q1, q2) {
-           this._isProper = false;
-           if (!Envelope.intersects(p1, p2, q1, q2)) { return LineIntersector$$1.NO_INTERSECTION }
-           var Pq1 = CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(p1, p2, q1);
-           var Pq2 = CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(p1, p2, q2);
-           if ((Pq1 > 0 && Pq2 > 0) || (Pq1 < 0 && Pq2 < 0)) {
-             return LineIntersector$$1.NO_INTERSECTION
-           }
-           var Qp1 = CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(q1, q2, p1);
-           var Qp2 = CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(q1, q2, p2);
-           if ((Qp1 > 0 && Qp2 > 0) || (Qp1 < 0 && Qp2 < 0)) {
-             return LineIntersector$$1.NO_INTERSECTION
-           }
-           var collinear = Pq1 === 0 && Pq2 === 0 && Qp1 === 0 && Qp2 === 0;
-           if (collinear) {
-             return this.computeCollinearIntersection(p1, p2, q1, q2)
-           }
-           if (Pq1 === 0 || Pq2 === 0 || Qp1 === 0 || Qp2 === 0) {
-             this._isProper = false;
-             if (p1.equals2D(q1) || p1.equals2D(q2)) {
-               this._intPt[0] = p1;
-             } else if (p2.equals2D(q1) || p2.equals2D(q2)) {
-               this._intPt[0] = p2;
-             } else if (Pq1 === 0) {
-               this._intPt[0] = new Coordinate(q1);
-             } else if (Pq2 === 0) {
-               this._intPt[0] = new Coordinate(q2);
-             } else if (Qp1 === 0) {
-               this._intPt[0] = new Coordinate(p1);
-             } else if (Qp2 === 0) {
-               this._intPt[0] = new Coordinate(p2);
-             }
-           } else {
-             this._isProper = true;
-             this._intPt[0] = this.intersection(p1, p2, q1, q2);
-           }
-           return LineIntersector$$1.POINT_INTERSECTION
-         };
-         RobustLineIntersector.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         RobustLineIntersector.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return RobustLineIntersector
-         };
-         RobustLineIntersector.nearestEndpoint = function nearestEndpoint (p1, p2, q1, q2) {
-           var nearestPt = p1;
-           var minDist = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(p1, q1, q2);
-           var dist = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(p2, q1, q2);
-           if (dist < minDist) {
-             minDist = dist;
-             nearestPt = p2;
-           }
-           dist = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(q1, p1, p2);
-           if (dist < minDist) {
-             minDist = dist;
-             nearestPt = q1;
-           }
-           dist = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(q2, p1, p2);
-           if (dist < minDist) {
-             minDist = dist;
-             nearestPt = q2;
-           }
-           return nearestPt
-         };
 
-         return RobustLineIntersector;
-       }(LineIntersector));
+         function showsLayer(id) {
+           var layer = context.layers().layer(id);
+           return layer && layer.enabled();
+         } // add listeners
 
-       var RobustDeterminant = function RobustDeterminant () {};
 
-       RobustDeterminant.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       RobustDeterminant.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return RobustDeterminant
-       };
-       RobustDeterminant.orientationIndex = function orientationIndex (p1, p2, q) {
-         var dx1 = p2.x - p1.x;
-         var dy1 = p2.y - p1.y;
-         var dx2 = q.x - p2.x;
-         var dy2 = q.y - p2.y;
-         return RobustDeterminant.signOfDet2x2(dx1, dy1, dx2, dy2)
-       };
-       RobustDeterminant.signOfDet2x2 = function signOfDet2x2 (x1, y1, x2, y2) {
-         var sign = null;
-         var swap = null;
-         var k = null;
-         sign = 1;
-         if (x1 === 0.0 || y2 === 0.0) {
-           if (y1 === 0.0 || x2 === 0.0) {
-             return 0
-           } else if (y1 > 0) {
-             if (x2 > 0) {
-               return -sign
-             } else {
-               return sign
-             }
-           } else {
-             if (x2 > 0) {
-               return sign
-             } else {
-               return -sign
-             }
-           }
+         context.features().on('change.map_features', section.reRender);
+         return section;
+       }
+
+       function uiSectionMapStyleOptions(context) {
+         var section = uiSection('fill-area', context).label(_t.html('map_data.style_options')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).expandedByDefault(false);
+
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-fill-list').data([0]);
+           container.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-fill-list').merge(container).call(drawListItems, context.map().areaFillOptions, 'radio', 'area_fill', setFill, isActiveFill);
+           var container2 = selection.selectAll('.layer-visual-diff-list').data([0]);
+           container2.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-visual-diff-list').merge(container2).call(drawListItems, ['highlight_edits'], 'checkbox', 'visual_diff', toggleHighlightEdited, function () {
+             return context.surface().classed('highlight-edited');
+           });
          }
-         if (y1 === 0.0 || x2 === 0.0) {
-           if (y2 > 0) {
-             if (x1 > 0) {
-               return sign
-             } else {
-               return -sign
-             }
-           } else {
-             if (x1 > 0) {
-               return -sign
-             } else {
-               return sign
-             }
-           }
+
+         function drawListItems(selection, data, type, name, change, active) {
+           var items = selection.selectAll('li').data(data); // Exit
+
+           items.exit().remove(); // Enter
+
+           var enter = items.enter().append('li').call(uiTooltip().title(function (d) {
+             return _t.html(name + '.' + d + '.tooltip');
+           }).keys(function (d) {
+             var key = d === 'wireframe' ? _t('area_fill.wireframe.key') : null;
+             if (d === 'highlight_edits') key = _t('map_data.highlight_edits.key');
+             return key ? [key] : null;
+           }).placement('top'));
+           var label = enter.append('label');
+           label.append('input').attr('type', type).attr('name', name).on('change', change);
+           label.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html(name + '.' + d + '.description');
+           }); // Update
+
+           items = items.merge(enter);
+           items.classed('active', active).selectAll('input').property('checked', active).property('indeterminate', false);
          }
-         if (y1 > 0.0) {
-           if (y2 > 0.0) {
-             if (y1 <= y2) ; else {
-               sign = -sign;
-               swap = x1;
-               x1 = x2;
-               x2 = swap;
-               swap = y1;
-               y1 = y2;
-               y2 = swap;
-             }
-           } else {
-             if (y1 <= -y2) {
-               sign = -sign;
-               x2 = -x2;
-               y2 = -y2;
-             } else {
-               swap = x1;
-               x1 = -x2;
-               x2 = swap;
-               swap = y1;
-               y1 = -y2;
-               y2 = swap;
-             }
-           }
-         } else {
-           if (y2 > 0.0) {
-             if (-y1 <= y2) {
-               sign = -sign;
-               x1 = -x1;
-               y1 = -y1;
-             } else {
-               swap = -x1;
-               x1 = x2;
-               x2 = swap;
-               swap = -y1;
-               y1 = y2;
-               y2 = swap;
-             }
-           } else {
-             if (y1 >= y2) {
-               x1 = -x1;
-               y1 = -y1;
-               x2 = -x2;
-               y2 = -y2;
-             } else {
-               sign = -sign;
-               swap = -x1;
-               x1 = -x2;
-               x2 = swap;
-               swap = -y1;
-               y1 = -y2;
-               y2 = swap;
-             }
-           }
+
+         function isActiveFill(d) {
+           return context.map().activeAreaFill() === d;
          }
-         if (x1 > 0.0) {
-           if (x2 > 0.0) {
-             if (x1 <= x2) ; else {
-               return sign
-             }
-           } else {
-             return sign
-           }
-         } else {
-           if (x2 > 0.0) {
-             return -sign
-           } else {
-             if (x1 >= x2) {
-               sign = -sign;
-               x1 = -x1;
-               x2 = -x2;
-             } else {
-               return -sign
-             }
-           }
+
+         function toggleHighlightEdited(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
+           context.map().toggleHighlightEdited();
          }
-         while (true) {
-           k = Math.floor(x2 / x1);
-           x2 = x2 - k * x1;
-           y2 = y2 - k * y1;
-           if (y2 < 0.0) {
-             return -sign
-           }
-           if (y2 > y1) {
-             return sign
-           }
-           if (x1 > x2 + x2) {
-             if (y1 < y2 + y2) {
-               return sign
-             }
-           } else {
-             if (y1 > y2 + y2) {
-               return -sign
-             } else {
-               x2 = x1 - x2;
-               y2 = y1 - y2;
-               sign = -sign;
-             }
-           }
-           if (y2 === 0.0) {
-             if (x2 === 0.0) {
-               return 0
-             } else {
-               return -sign
-             }
-           }
-           if (x2 === 0.0) {
-             return sign
-           }
-           k = Math.floor(x1 / x2);
-           x1 = x1 - k * x2;
-           y1 = y1 - k * y2;
-           if (y1 < 0.0) {
-             return sign
-           }
-           if (y1 > y2) {
-             return -sign
+
+         function setFill(d3_event, d) {
+           context.map().activeAreaFill(d);
+         }
+
+         context.map().on('changeHighlighting.ui_style, changeAreaFill.ui_style', section.reRender);
+         return section;
+       }
+
+       function uiSectionPhotoOverlays(context) {
+         var layers = context.layers();
+         var section = uiSection('photo-overlays', context).label(_t.html('photo_overlays.title')).disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent).expandedByDefault(false);
+
+         function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           var container = selection.selectAll('.photo-overlay-container').data([0]);
+           container.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'photo-overlay-container').merge(container).call(drawPhotoItems).call(drawPhotoTypeItems).call(drawDateFilter).call(drawUsernameFilter);
+         }
+
+         function drawPhotoItems(selection) {
+           var photoKeys = context.photos().overlayLayerIDs();
+           var photoLayers = layers.all().filter(function (obj) {
+             return photoKeys.indexOf(obj.id) !== -1;
+           });
+           var data = photoLayers.filter(function (obj) {
+             return obj.layer.supported();
+           });
+
+           function layerSupported(d) {
+             return d.layer && d.layer.supported();
            }
-           if (x2 > x1 + x1) {
-             if (y2 < y1 + y1) {
-               return -sign
-             }
-           } else {
-             if (y2 > y1 + y1) {
-               return sign
-             } else {
-               x1 = x2 - x1;
-               y1 = y2 - y1;
-               sign = -sign;
-             }
+
+           function layerEnabled(d) {
+             return layerSupported(d) && d.layer.enabled();
            }
-           if (y1 === 0.0) {
-             if (x1 === 0.0) {
-               return 0
-             } else {
-               return sign
+
+           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-photos').data([0]);
+           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-photos').merge(ul);
+           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item-photos').data(data);
+           li.exit().remove();
+           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             var classes = 'list-item-photos list-item-' + d.id;
+
+             if (d.id === 'mapillary-signs' || d.id === 'mapillary-map-features') {
+               classes += ' indented';
              }
-           }
-           if (x1 === 0.0) {
-             return -sign
-           }
+
+             return classes;
+           });
+           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
+             var titleID;
+             if (d.id === 'mapillary-signs') titleID = 'mapillary.signs.tooltip';else if (d.id === 'mapillary') titleID = 'mapillary_images.tooltip';else if (d.id === 'kartaview') titleID = 'kartaview_images.tooltip';else titleID = d.id.replace(/-/g, '_') + '.tooltip';
+             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html(titleID)).placement('top'));
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
+             toggleLayer(d.id);
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             var id = d.id;
+             if (id === 'mapillary-signs') id = 'photo_overlays.traffic_signs';
+             return _t.html(id.replace(/-/g, '_') + '.title');
+           }); // Update
+
+           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', layerEnabled).selectAll('input').property('checked', layerEnabled);
          }
-       };
 
-       var RayCrossingCounter = function RayCrossingCounter () {
-         this._p = null;
-         this._crossingCount = 0;
-         this._isPointOnSegment = false;
-         var p = arguments[0];
-         this._p = p;
-       };
-       RayCrossingCounter.prototype.countSegment = function countSegment (p1, p2) {
-         if (p1.x < this._p.x && p2.x < this._p.x) { return null }
-         if (this._p.x === p2.x && this._p.y === p2.y) {
-           this._isPointOnSegment = true;
-           return null
-         }
-         if (p1.y === this._p.y && p2.y === this._p.y) {
-           var minx = p1.x;
-           var maxx = p2.x;
-           if (minx > maxx) {
-             minx = p2.x;
-             maxx = p1.x;
-           }
-           if (this._p.x >= minx && this._p.x <= maxx) {
-             this._isPointOnSegment = true;
-           }
-           return null
-         }
-         if ((p1.y > this._p.y && p2.y <= this._p.y) || (p2.y > this._p.y && p1.y <= this._p.y)) {
-           var x1 = p1.x - this._p.x;
-           var y1 = p1.y - this._p.y;
-           var x2 = p2.x - this._p.x;
-           var y2 = p2.y - this._p.y;
-           var xIntSign = RobustDeterminant.signOfDet2x2(x1, y1, x2, y2);
-           if (xIntSign === 0.0) {
-             this._isPointOnSegment = true;
-             return null
-           }
-           if (y2 < y1) { xIntSign = -xIntSign; }
-           if (xIntSign > 0.0) {
-             this._crossingCount++;
+         function drawPhotoTypeItems(selection) {
+           var data = context.photos().allPhotoTypes();
+
+           function typeEnabled(d) {
+             return context.photos().showsPhotoType(d);
            }
+
+           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-photo-types').data([0]);
+           ul.exit().remove();
+           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-photo-types').merge(ul);
+           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item-photo-types').data(context.photos().shouldFilterByPhotoType() ? data : []);
+           li.exit().remove();
+           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', function (d) {
+             return 'list-item-photo-types list-item-' + d;
+           });
+           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('photo_overlays.photo_type.' + d + '.tooltip')).placement('top'));
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
+             context.photos().togglePhotoType(d);
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('photo_overlays.photo_type.' + d + '.title');
+           }); // Update
+
+           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', typeEnabled).selectAll('input').property('checked', typeEnabled);
          }
-       };
-       RayCrossingCounter.prototype.isPointInPolygon = function isPointInPolygon () {
-         return this.getLocation() !== Location.EXTERIOR
-       };
-       RayCrossingCounter.prototype.getLocation = function getLocation () {
-         if (this._isPointOnSegment) { return Location.BOUNDARY }
-         if (this._crossingCount % 2 === 1) {
-           return Location.INTERIOR
-         }
-         return Location.EXTERIOR
-       };
-       RayCrossingCounter.prototype.isOnSegment = function isOnSegment () {
-         return this._isPointOnSegment
-       };
-       RayCrossingCounter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       RayCrossingCounter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return RayCrossingCounter
-       };
-       RayCrossingCounter.locatePointInRing = function locatePointInRing () {
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && hasInterface(arguments[1], CoordinateSequence)) {
-           var p = arguments[0];
-           var ring = arguments[1];
-           var counter = new RayCrossingCounter(p);
-           var p1 = new Coordinate();
-           var p2 = new Coordinate();
-           for (var i = 1; i < ring.size(); i++) {
-             ring.getCoordinate(i, p1);
-             ring.getCoordinate(i - 1, p2);
-             counter.countSegment(p1, p2);
-             if (counter.isOnSegment()) { return counter.getLocation() }
-           }
-           return counter.getLocation()
-         } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && arguments[1] instanceof Array) {
-           var p$1 = arguments[0];
-           var ring$1 = arguments[1];
-           var counter$1 = new RayCrossingCounter(p$1);
-           for (var i$1 = 1; i$1 < ring$1.length; i$1++) {
-             var p1$1 = ring$1[i$1];
-             var p2$1 = ring$1[i$1 - 1];
-             counter$1.countSegment(p1$1, p2$1);
-             if (counter$1.isOnSegment()) { return counter$1.getLocation() }
-           }
-           return counter$1.getLocation()
-         }
-       };
 
-       var CGAlgorithms = function CGAlgorithms () {};
+         function drawDateFilter(selection) {
+           var data = context.photos().dateFilters();
 
-       var staticAccessors$3 = { CLOCKWISE: { configurable: true },RIGHT: { configurable: true },COUNTERCLOCKWISE: { configurable: true },LEFT: { configurable: true },COLLINEAR: { configurable: true },STRAIGHT: { configurable: true } };
+           function filterEnabled(d) {
+             return context.photos().dateFilterValue(d);
+           }
 
-       CGAlgorithms.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       CGAlgorithms.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return CGAlgorithms
-       };
-       CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex = function orientationIndex (p1, p2, q) {
-         return CGAlgorithmsDD.orientationIndex(p1, p2, q)
-       };
-       CGAlgorithms.signedArea = function signedArea () {
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
-           var ring = arguments[0];
-           if (ring.length < 3) { return 0.0 }
-           var sum = 0.0;
-           var x0 = ring[0].x;
-           for (var i = 1; i < ring.length - 1; i++) {
-             var x = ring[i].x - x0;
-             var y1 = ring[i + 1].y;
-             var y2 = ring[i - 1].y;
-             sum += x * (y2 - y1);
-           }
-           return sum / 2.0
-         } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequence)) {
-           var ring$1 = arguments[0];
-           var n = ring$1.size();
-           if (n < 3) { return 0.0 }
-           var p0 = new Coordinate();
-           var p1 = new Coordinate();
-           var p2 = new Coordinate();
-           ring$1.getCoordinate(0, p1);
-           ring$1.getCoordinate(1, p2);
-           var x0$1 = p1.x;
-           p2.x -= x0$1;
-           var sum$1 = 0.0;
-           for (var i$1 = 1; i$1 < n - 1; i$1++) {
-             p0.y = p1.y;
-             p1.x = p2.x;
-             p1.y = p2.y;
-             ring$1.getCoordinate(i$1 + 1, p2);
-             p2.x -= x0$1;
-             sum$1 += p1.x * (p0.y - p2.y);
-           }
-           return sum$1 / 2.0
+           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-date-filter').data([0]);
+           ul.exit().remove();
+           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-date-filter').merge(ul);
+           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item-date-filter').data(context.photos().shouldFilterByDate() ? data : []);
+           li.exit().remove();
+           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'list-item-date-filter');
+           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function (d) {
+             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('photo_overlays.date_filter.' + d + '.tooltip')).placement('top'));
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('span').html(function (d) {
+             return _t.html('photo_overlays.date_filter.' + d + '.title');
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'date').attr('class', 'list-item-input').attr('placeholder', _t('units.year_month_day')).call(utilNoAuto).each(function (d) {
+             utilGetSetValue(select(this), context.photos().dateFilterValue(d) || '');
+           }).on('change', function (d3_event, d) {
+             var value = utilGetSetValue(select(this)).trim();
+             context.photos().setDateFilter(d, value, true); // reload the displayed dates
+
+             li.selectAll('input').each(function (d) {
+               utilGetSetValue(select(this), context.photos().dateFilterValue(d) || '');
+             });
+           });
+           li = li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', filterEnabled);
          }
-       };
-       CGAlgorithms.distanceLineLine = function distanceLineLine (A, B, C, D) {
-         if (A.equals(B)) { return CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(A, C, D) }
-         if (C.equals(D)) { return CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(D, A, B) }
-         var noIntersection = false;
-         if (!Envelope.intersects(A, B, C, D)) {
-           noIntersection = true;
-         } else {
-           var denom = (B.x - A.x) * (D.y - C.y) - (B.y - A.y) * (D.x - C.x);
-           if (denom === 0) {
-             noIntersection = true;
-           } else {
-             var rNumb = (A.y - C.y) * (D.x - C.x) - (A.x - C.x) * (D.y - C.y);
-             var sNum = (A.y - C.y) * (B.x - A.x) - (A.x - C.x) * (B.y - A.y);
-             var s = sNum / denom;
-             var r = rNumb / denom;
-             if (r < 0 || r > 1 || s < 0 || s > 1) {
-               noIntersection = true;
-             }
+
+         function drawUsernameFilter(selection) {
+           function filterEnabled() {
+             return context.photos().usernames();
+           }
+
+           var ul = selection.selectAll('.layer-list-username-filter').data([0]);
+           ul.exit().remove();
+           ul = ul.enter().append('ul').attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-username-filter').merge(ul);
+           var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item-username-filter').data(context.photos().shouldFilterByUsername() ? ['username-filter'] : []);
+           li.exit().remove();
+           var liEnter = li.enter().append('li').attr('class', 'list-item-username-filter');
+           var labelEnter = liEnter.append('label').each(function () {
+             select(this).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('photo_overlays.username_filter.tooltip')).placement('top'));
+           });
+           labelEnter.append('span').call(_t.append('photo_overlays.username_filter.title'));
+           labelEnter.append('input').attr('type', 'text').attr('class', 'list-item-input').call(utilNoAuto).property('value', usernameValue).on('change', function () {
+             var value = select(this).property('value');
+             context.photos().setUsernameFilter(value, true);
+             select(this).property('value', usernameValue);
+           });
+           li.merge(liEnter).classed('active', filterEnabled);
+
+           function usernameValue() {
+             var usernames = context.photos().usernames();
+             if (usernames) return usernames.join('; ');
+             return usernames;
            }
          }
-         if (noIntersection) {
-           return MathUtil.min(CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(A, C, D), CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(B, C, D), CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(C, A, B), CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(D, A, B))
-         }
-         return 0.0
-       };
-       CGAlgorithms.isPointInRing = function isPointInRing (p, ring) {
-         return CGAlgorithms.locatePointInRing(p, ring) !== Location.EXTERIOR
-       };
-       CGAlgorithms.computeLength = function computeLength (pts) {
-         var n = pts.size();
-         if (n <= 1) { return 0.0 }
-         var len = 0.0;
-         var p = new Coordinate();
-         pts.getCoordinate(0, p);
-         var x0 = p.x;
-         var y0 = p.y;
-         for (var i = 1; i < n; i++) {
-           pts.getCoordinate(i, p);
-           var x1 = p.x;
-           var y1 = p.y;
-           var dx = x1 - x0;
-           var dy = y1 - y0;
-           len += Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
-           x0 = x1;
-           y0 = y1;
-         }
-         return len
-       };
-       CGAlgorithms.isCCW = function isCCW (ring) {
-         var nPts = ring.length - 1;
-         if (nPts < 3) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Ring has fewer than 4 points, so orientation cannot be determined') }
-         var hiPt = ring[0];
-         var hiIndex = 0;
-         for (var i = 1; i <= nPts; i++) {
-           var p = ring[i];
-           if (p.y > hiPt.y) {
-             hiPt = p;
-             hiIndex = i;
-           }
-         }
-         var iPrev = hiIndex;
-         do {
-           iPrev = iPrev - 1;
-           if (iPrev < 0) { iPrev = nPts; }
-         } while (ring[iPrev].equals2D(hiPt) && iPrev !== hiIndex)
-         var iNext = hiIndex;
-         do {
-           iNext = (iNext + 1) % nPts;
-         } while (ring[iNext].equals2D(hiPt) && iNext !== hiIndex)
-         var prev = ring[iPrev];
-         var next = ring[iNext];
-         if (prev.equals2D(hiPt) || next.equals2D(hiPt) || prev.equals2D(next)) { return false }
-         var disc = CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation(prev, hiPt, next);
-         var isCCW = false;
-         if (disc === 0) {
-           isCCW = prev.x > next.x;
-         } else {
-           isCCW = disc > 0;
-         }
-         return isCCW
-       };
-       CGAlgorithms.locatePointInRing = function locatePointInRing (p, ring) {
-         return RayCrossingCounter.locatePointInRing(p, ring)
-       };
-       CGAlgorithms.distancePointLinePerpendicular = function distancePointLinePerpendicular (p, A, B) {
-         var len2 = (B.x - A.x) * (B.x - A.x) + (B.y - A.y) * (B.y - A.y);
-         var s = ((A.y - p.y) * (B.x - A.x) - (A.x - p.x) * (B.y - A.y)) / len2;
-         return Math.abs(s) * Math.sqrt(len2)
-       };
-       CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation = function computeOrientation (p1, p2, q) {
-         return CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(p1, p2, q)
-       };
-       CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine = function distancePointLine () {
-         if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var p = arguments[0];
-           var line = arguments[1];
-           if (line.length === 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Line array must contain at least one vertex') }
-           var minDistance = p.distance(line[0]);
-           for (var i = 0; i < line.length - 1; i++) {
-             var dist = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(p, line[i], line[i + 1]);
-             if (dist < minDistance) {
-               minDistance = dist;
-             }
-           }
-           return minDistance
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var p$1 = arguments[0];
-           var A = arguments[1];
-           var B = arguments[2];
-           if (A.x === B.x && A.y === B.y) { return p$1.distance(A) }
-           var len2 = (B.x - A.x) * (B.x - A.x) + (B.y - A.y) * (B.y - A.y);
-           var r = ((p$1.x - A.x) * (B.x - A.x) + (p$1.y - A.y) * (B.y - A.y)) / len2;
-           if (r <= 0.0) { return p$1.distance(A) }
-           if (r >= 1.0) { return p$1.distance(B) }
-           var s = ((A.y - p$1.y) * (B.x - A.x) - (A.x - p$1.x) * (B.y - A.y)) / len2;
-           return Math.abs(s) * Math.sqrt(len2)
+
+         function toggleLayer(which) {
+           setLayer(which, !showsLayer(which));
          }
-       };
-       CGAlgorithms.isOnLine = function isOnLine (p, pt) {
-         var lineIntersector = new RobustLineIntersector();
-         for (var i = 1; i < pt.length; i++) {
-           var p0 = pt[i - 1];
-           var p1 = pt[i];
-           lineIntersector.computeIntersection(p, p0, p1);
-           if (lineIntersector.hasIntersection()) {
-             return true
+
+         function showsLayer(which) {
+           var layer = layers.layer(which);
+
+           if (layer) {
+             return layer.enabled();
            }
+
+           return false;
          }
-         return false
-       };
-       staticAccessors$3.CLOCKWISE.get = function () { return -1 };
-       staticAccessors$3.RIGHT.get = function () { return CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE };
-       staticAccessors$3.COUNTERCLOCKWISE.get = function () { return 1 };
-       staticAccessors$3.LEFT.get = function () { return CGAlgorithms.COUNTERCLOCKWISE };
-       staticAccessors$3.COLLINEAR.get = function () { return 0 };
-       staticAccessors$3.STRAIGHT.get = function () { return CGAlgorithms.COLLINEAR };
 
-       Object.defineProperties( CGAlgorithms, staticAccessors$3 );
+         function setLayer(which, enabled) {
+           var layer = layers.layer(which);
 
-       var GeometryComponentFilter = function GeometryComponentFilter () {};
+           if (layer) {
+             layer.enabled(enabled);
+           }
+         }
 
-       GeometryComponentFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (geom) {};
-       GeometryComponentFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       GeometryComponentFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return GeometryComponentFilter
-       };
+         context.layers().on('change.uiSectionPhotoOverlays', section.reRender);
+         context.photos().on('change.uiSectionPhotoOverlays', section.reRender);
+         return section;
+       }
 
-       var Geometry = function Geometry () {
-         var factory = arguments[0];
+       function uiPaneMapData(context) {
+         var mapDataPane = uiPane('map-data', context).key(_t('map_data.key')).label(_t.html('map_data.title')).description(_t.html('map_data.description')).iconName('iD-icon-data').sections([uiSectionDataLayers(context), uiSectionPhotoOverlays(context), uiSectionMapStyleOptions(context), uiSectionMapFeatures(context)]);
+         return mapDataPane;
+       }
 
-         this._envelope = null;
-         this._factory = null;
-         this._SRID = null;
-         this._userData = null;
-         this._factory = factory;
-         this._SRID = factory.getSRID();
-       };
+       function uiPanePreferences(context) {
+         var preferencesPane = uiPane('preferences', context).key(_t('preferences.key')).label(_t.html('preferences.title')).description(_t.html('preferences.description')).iconName('fas-user-cog').sections([uiSectionPrivacy(context)]);
+         return preferencesPane;
+       }
 
-       var staticAccessors$11 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true },SORTINDEX_POINT: { configurable: true },SORTINDEX_MULTIPOINT: { configurable: true },SORTINDEX_LINESTRING: { configurable: true },SORTINDEX_LINEARRING: { configurable: true },SORTINDEX_MULTILINESTRING: { configurable: true },SORTINDEX_POLYGON: { configurable: true },SORTINDEX_MULTIPOLYGON: { configurable: true },SORTINDEX_GEOMETRYCOLLECTION: { configurable: true },geometryChangedFilter: { configurable: true } };
-       Geometry.prototype.isGeometryCollection = function isGeometryCollection () {
-         return this.getSortIndex() === Geometry.SORTINDEX_GEOMETRYCOLLECTION
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.getFactory = function getFactory () {
-         return this._factory
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.getGeometryN = function getGeometryN (n) {
-         return this
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.getArea = function getArea () {
-         return 0.0
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.isRectangle = function isRectangle () {
-         return false
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.equals = function equals () {
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry) {
-           var g$1 = arguments[0];
-           if (g$1 === null) { return false }
-           return this.equalsTopo(g$1)
-         } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Object) {
-           var o = arguments[0];
-           if (!(o instanceof Geometry)) { return false }
-           var g = o;
-           return this.equalsExact(g)
-         }
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.equalsExact = function equalsExact (other) {
-         return this === other || this.equalsExact(other, 0)
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.geometryChanged = function geometryChanged () {
-         this.apply(Geometry.geometryChangedFilter);
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.geometryChangedAction = function geometryChangedAction () {
-         this._envelope = null;
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.equalsNorm = function equalsNorm (g) {
-         if (g === null) { return false }
-         return this.norm().equalsExact(g.norm())
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.getLength = function getLength () {
-         return 0.0
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.getNumGeometries = function getNumGeometries () {
-         return 1
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var o = arguments[0];
-           var other = o;
-           if (this.getSortIndex() !== other.getSortIndex()) {
-             return this.getSortIndex() - other.getSortIndex()
-           }
-           if (this.isEmpty() && other.isEmpty()) {
-             return 0
-           }
-           if (this.isEmpty()) {
-             return -1
-           }
-           if (other.isEmpty()) {
-             return 1
-           }
-           return this.compareToSameClass(o)
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var other$1 = arguments[0];
-           var comp = arguments[1];
-           if (this.getSortIndex() !== other$1.getSortIndex()) {
-             return this.getSortIndex() - other$1.getSortIndex()
+       function uiInit(context) {
+         var _initCounter = 0;
+         var _needWidth = {};
+
+         var _lastPointerType;
+
+         function render(container) {
+           container.on('click.ui', function (d3_event) {
+             // we're only concerned with the primary mouse button
+             if (d3_event.button !== 0) return;
+             if (!d3_event.composedPath) return; // some targets have default click events we don't want to override
+
+             var isOkayTarget = d3_event.composedPath().some(function (node) {
+               // we only care about element nodes
+               return node.nodeType === 1 && ( // clicking <input> focuses it and/or changes a value
+               node.nodeName === 'INPUT' || // clicking <label> affects its <input> by default
+               node.nodeName === 'LABEL' || // clicking <a> opens a hyperlink by default
+               node.nodeName === 'A');
+             });
+             if (isOkayTarget) return; // disable double-tap-to-zoom on touchscreens
+
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+           });
+           var detected = utilDetect(); // only WebKit supports gesture events
+
+           if ('GestureEvent' in window && // Listening for gesture events on iOS 13.4+ breaks double-tapping,
+           // but we only need to do this on desktop Safari anyway. – #7694
+           !detected.isMobileWebKit) {
+             // On iOS we disable pinch-to-zoom of the UI via the `touch-action`
+             // CSS property, but on desktop Safari we need to manually cancel the
+             // default gesture events.
+             container.on('gesturestart.ui gesturechange.ui gestureend.ui', function (d3_event) {
+               // disable pinch-to-zoom of the UI via multitouch trackpads on macOS Safari
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+             });
            }
-           if (this.isEmpty() && other$1.isEmpty()) {
-             return 0
+
+           if ('PointerEvent' in window) {
+             select(window).on('pointerdown.ui pointerup.ui', function (d3_event) {
+               var pointerType = d3_event.pointerType || 'mouse';
+
+               if (_lastPointerType !== pointerType) {
+                 _lastPointerType = pointerType;
+                 container.attr('pointer', pointerType);
+               }
+             }, true);
+           } else {
+             _lastPointerType = 'mouse';
+             container.attr('pointer', 'mouse');
            }
-           if (this.isEmpty()) {
-             return -1
+
+           container.attr('lang', _mainLocalizer.localeCode()).attr('dir', _mainLocalizer.textDirection()); // setup fullscreen keybindings (no button shown at this time)
+
+           container.call(uiFullScreen(context));
+           var map = context.map();
+           map.redrawEnable(false); // don't draw until we've set zoom/lat/long
+
+           map.on('hitMinZoom.ui', function () {
+             ui.flash.iconName('#iD-icon-no').label(_t.html('cannot_zoom'))();
+           });
+           container.append('svg').attr('id', 'ideditor-defs').call(ui.svgDefs);
+           container.append('div').attr('class', 'sidebar').call(ui.sidebar);
+           var content = container.append('div').attr('class', 'main-content active'); // Top toolbar
+
+           content.append('div').attr('class', 'top-toolbar-wrap').append('div').attr('class', 'top-toolbar fillD').call(uiTopToolbar(context));
+           content.append('div').attr('class', 'main-map').attr('dir', 'ltr').call(map);
+           var overMap = content.append('div').attr('class', 'over-map'); // HACK: Mobile Safari 14 likes to select anything selectable when long-
+           // pressing, even if it's not targeted. This conflicts with long-pressing
+           // to show the edit menu. We add a selectable offscreen element as the first
+           // child to trick Safari into not showing the selection UI.
+
+           overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'select-trap').text('t');
+           overMap.call(uiMapInMap(context)).call(uiNotice(context));
+           overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'spinner').call(uiSpinner(context)); // Map controls
+
+           var controlsWrap = overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'map-controls-wrap');
+           var controls = controlsWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'map-controls');
+           controls.append('div').attr('class', 'map-control zoombuttons').call(uiZoom(context));
+           controls.append('div').attr('class', 'map-control zoom-to-selection-control').call(uiZoomToSelection(context));
+           controls.append('div').attr('class', 'map-control geolocate-control').call(uiGeolocate(context));
+           controlsWrap.on('wheel.mapControls', function (d3_event) {
+             if (!d3_event.deltaX) {
+               controlsWrap.node().scrollTop += d3_event.deltaY;
+             }
+           }); // Add panes
+           // This should happen after map is initialized, as some require surface()
+
+           var panes = overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'map-panes');
+           var uiPanes = [uiPaneBackground(context), uiPaneMapData(context), uiPaneIssues(context), uiPanePreferences(context), uiPaneHelp(context)];
+           uiPanes.forEach(function (pane) {
+             controls.append('div').attr('class', 'map-control map-pane-control ' + pane.id + '-control').call(pane.renderToggleButton);
+             panes.call(pane.renderPane);
+           });
+           ui.info = uiInfo(context);
+           overMap.call(ui.info);
+           overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'photoviewer').classed('al', true) // 'al'=left,  'ar'=right
+           .classed('hide', true).call(ui.photoviewer);
+           overMap.append('div').attr('class', 'attribution-wrap').attr('dir', 'ltr').call(uiAttribution(context)); // Add footer
+
+           var about = content.append('div').attr('class', 'map-footer');
+           about.append('div').attr('class', 'api-status').call(uiStatus(context));
+           var footer = about.append('div').attr('class', 'map-footer-bar fillD');
+           footer.append('div').attr('class', 'flash-wrap footer-hide');
+           var footerWrap = footer.append('div').attr('class', 'main-footer-wrap footer-show');
+           footerWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'scale-block').call(uiScale(context));
+           var aboutList = footerWrap.append('div').attr('class', 'info-block').append('ul').attr('class', 'map-footer-list');
+           aboutList.append('li').attr('class', 'user-list').call(uiContributors(context));
+           var apiConnections = context.apiConnections();
+
+           if (apiConnections && apiConnections.length > 1) {
+             aboutList.append('li').attr('class', 'source-switch').call(uiSourceSwitch(context).keys(apiConnections));
            }
-           if (other$1.isEmpty()) {
-             return 1
+
+           aboutList.append('li').attr('class', 'issues-info').call(uiIssuesInfo(context));
+           aboutList.append('li').attr('class', 'feature-warning').call(uiFeatureInfo(context));
+           var issueLinks = aboutList.append('li');
+           issueLinks.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues').attr('aria-label', _t('report_a_bug')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-bug', 'light')).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('report_a_bug')).placement('top'));
+           issueLinks.append('a').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/develop/CONTRIBUTING.md#translating').attr('aria-label', _t('help_translate')).call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-translate', 'light')).call(uiTooltip().title(_t.html('help_translate')).placement('top'));
+           aboutList.append('li').attr('class', 'version').call(uiVersion(context));
+
+           if (!context.embed()) {
+             aboutList.call(uiAccount(context));
+           } // Setup map dimensions and move map to initial center/zoom.
+           // This should happen after .main-content and toolbars exist.
+
+
+           ui.onResize();
+           map.redrawEnable(true);
+           ui.hash = behaviorHash(context);
+           ui.hash();
+
+           if (!ui.hash.hadHash) {
+             map.centerZoom([0, 0], 2);
+           } // Bind events
+
+
+           window.onbeforeunload = function () {
+             return context.save();
+           };
+
+           window.onunload = function () {
+             context.history().unlock();
+           };
+
+           select(window).on('resize.editor', function () {
+             ui.onResize();
+           });
+           var panPixels = 80;
+           context.keybinding().on('⌫', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+           }).on([_t('sidebar.key'), '`', '²', '@'], ui.sidebar.toggle) // #5663, #6864 - common QWERTY, AZERTY
+           .on('←', pan([panPixels, 0])).on('↑', pan([0, panPixels])).on('→', pan([-panPixels, 0])).on('↓', pan([0, -panPixels])).on(uiCmd('⌥←'), pan([map.dimensions()[0], 0])).on(uiCmd('⌥↑'), pan([0, map.dimensions()[1]])).on(uiCmd('⌥→'), pan([-map.dimensions()[0], 0])).on(uiCmd('⌥↓'), pan([0, -map.dimensions()[1]])).on(uiCmd('⌘' + _t('background.key')), function quickSwitch(d3_event) {
+             if (d3_event) {
+               d3_event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+             }
+
+             var previousBackground = context.background().findSource(corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle'));
+
+             if (previousBackground) {
+               var currentBackground = context.background().baseLayerSource();
+               corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle', currentBackground.id);
+               corePreferences('background-last-used', previousBackground.id);
+               context.background().baseLayerSource(previousBackground);
+             }
+           }).on(_t('area_fill.wireframe.key'), function toggleWireframe(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             context.map().toggleWireframe();
+           }).on(uiCmd('⌥' + _t('area_fill.wireframe.key')), function toggleOsmData(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             d3_event.stopPropagation(); // Don't allow layer changes while drawing - #6584
+
+             var mode = context.mode();
+             if (mode && /^draw/.test(mode.id)) return;
+             var layer = context.layers().layer('osm');
+
+             if (layer) {
+               layer.enabled(!layer.enabled());
+
+               if (!layer.enabled()) {
+                 context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+               }
+             }
+           }).on(_t('map_data.highlight_edits.key'), function toggleHighlightEdited(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             context.map().toggleHighlightEdited();
+           });
+           context.on('enter.editor', function (entered) {
+             container.classed('mode-' + entered.id, true);
+           }).on('exit.editor', function (exited) {
+             container.classed('mode-' + exited.id, false);
+           });
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+
+           if (!_initCounter++) {
+             if (!ui.hash.startWalkthrough) {
+               context.container().call(uiSplash(context)).call(uiRestore(context));
+             }
+
+             context.container().call(ui.shortcuts);
            }
-           return this.compareToSameClass(other$1, comp)
-         }
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.getUserData = function getUserData () {
-         return this._userData
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.getSRID = function getSRID () {
-         return this._SRID
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.getEnvelope = function getEnvelope () {
-         return this.getFactory().toGeometry(this.getEnvelopeInternal())
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.checkNotGeometryCollection = function checkNotGeometryCollection (g) {
-         if (g.getSortIndex() === Geometry.SORTINDEX_GEOMETRYCOLLECTION) {
-           throw new IllegalArgumentException('This method does not support GeometryCollection arguments')
-         }
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.equal = function equal (a, b, tolerance) {
-         if (tolerance === 0) {
-           return a.equals(b)
-         }
-         return a.distance(b) <= tolerance
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.norm = function norm () {
-         var copy = this.copy();
-         copy.normalize();
-         return copy
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.getPrecisionModel = function getPrecisionModel () {
-         return this._factory.getPrecisionModel()
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.getEnvelopeInternal = function getEnvelopeInternal () {
-         if (this._envelope === null) {
-           this._envelope = this.computeEnvelopeInternal();
-         }
-         return new Envelope(this._envelope)
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.setSRID = function setSRID (SRID) {
-         this._SRID = SRID;
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.setUserData = function setUserData (userData) {
-         this._userData = userData;
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.compare = function compare (a, b) {
-         var i = a.iterator();
-         var j = b.iterator();
-         while (i.hasNext() && j.hasNext()) {
-           var aElement = i.next();
-           var bElement = j.next();
-           var comparison = aElement.compareTo(bElement);
-           if (comparison !== 0) {
-             return comparison
+
+           var osm = context.connection();
+           var auth = uiLoading(context).message(_t.html('loading_auth')).blocking(true);
+
+           if (osm && auth) {
+             osm.on('authLoading.ui', function () {
+               context.container().call(auth);
+             }).on('authDone.ui', function () {
+               auth.close();
+             });
            }
-         }
-         if (i.hasNext()) {
-           return 1
-         }
-         if (j.hasNext()) {
-           return -1
-         }
-         return 0
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.hashCode = function hashCode () {
-         return this.getEnvelopeInternal().hashCode()
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.isGeometryCollectionOrDerived = function isGeometryCollectionOrDerived () {
-         if (this.getSortIndex() === Geometry.SORTINDEX_GEOMETRYCOLLECTION || this.getSortIndex() === Geometry.SORTINDEX_MULTIPOINT || this.getSortIndex() === Geometry.SORTINDEX_MULTILINESTRING || this.getSortIndex() === Geometry.SORTINDEX_MULTIPOLYGON) {
-           return true
-         }
-         return false
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Clonable, Comparable, Serializable]
-       };
-       Geometry.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Geometry
-       };
-       Geometry.hasNonEmptyElements = function hasNonEmptyElements (geometries) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < geometries.length; i++) {
-           if (!geometries[i].isEmpty()) {
-             return true
+
+           _initCounter++;
+
+           if (ui.hash.startWalkthrough) {
+             ui.hash.startWalkthrough = false;
+             context.container().call(uiIntro(context));
            }
-         }
-         return false
-       };
-       Geometry.hasNullElements = function hasNullElements (array) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
-           if (array[i] === null) {
-             return true
+
+           function pan(d) {
+             return function (d3_event) {
+               if (d3_event.shiftKey) return;
+               if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               context.map().pan(d, 100);
+             };
            }
          }
-         return false
-       };
-       staticAccessors$11.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 8763622679187376702 };
-       staticAccessors$11.SORTINDEX_POINT.get = function () { return 0 };
-       staticAccessors$11.SORTINDEX_MULTIPOINT.get = function () { return 1 };
-       staticAccessors$11.SORTINDEX_LINESTRING.get = function () { return 2 };
-       staticAccessors$11.SORTINDEX_LINEARRING.get = function () { return 3 };
-       staticAccessors$11.SORTINDEX_MULTILINESTRING.get = function () { return 4 };
-       staticAccessors$11.SORTINDEX_POLYGON.get = function () { return 5 };
-       staticAccessors$11.SORTINDEX_MULTIPOLYGON.get = function () { return 6 };
-       staticAccessors$11.SORTINDEX_GEOMETRYCOLLECTION.get = function () { return 7 };
-       staticAccessors$11.geometryChangedFilter.get = function () { return geometryChangedFilter };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( Geometry, staticAccessors$11 );
-
-       var geometryChangedFilter = function geometryChangedFilter () {};
-
-       geometryChangedFilter.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [GeometryComponentFilter]
-       };
-       geometryChangedFilter.filter = function filter (geom) {
-         geom.geometryChangedAction();
-       };
 
-       var CoordinateFilter = function CoordinateFilter () {};
+         var ui = {};
 
-       CoordinateFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (coord) {};
-       CoordinateFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       CoordinateFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return CoordinateFilter
-       };
+         var _loadPromise; // renders the iD interface into the container node
 
-       var BoundaryNodeRule = function BoundaryNodeRule () {};
 
-       var staticAccessors$12 = { Mod2BoundaryNodeRule: { configurable: true },EndPointBoundaryNodeRule: { configurable: true },MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule: { configurable: true },MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule: { configurable: true },MOD2_BOUNDARY_RULE: { configurable: true },ENDPOINT_BOUNDARY_RULE: { configurable: true },MULTIVALENT_ENDPOINT_BOUNDARY_RULE: { configurable: true },MONOVALENT_ENDPOINT_BOUNDARY_RULE: { configurable: true },OGC_SFS_BOUNDARY_RULE: { configurable: true } };
+         ui.ensureLoaded = function () {
+           if (_loadPromise) return _loadPromise;
+           return _loadPromise = Promise.all([// must have strings and presets before loading the UI
+           _mainLocalizer.ensureLoaded(), _mainPresetIndex.ensureLoaded()]).then(function () {
+             if (!context.container().empty()) render(context.container());
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             return console.error(err);
+           }); // eslint-disable-line
+         }; // `ui.restart()` will destroy and rebuild the entire iD interface,
+         // for example to switch the locale while iD is running.
 
-       BoundaryNodeRule.prototype.isInBoundary = function isInBoundary (boundaryCount) {};
-       BoundaryNodeRule.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       BoundaryNodeRule.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return BoundaryNodeRule
-       };
-       staticAccessors$12.Mod2BoundaryNodeRule.get = function () { return Mod2BoundaryNodeRule };
-       staticAccessors$12.EndPointBoundaryNodeRule.get = function () { return EndPointBoundaryNodeRule };
-       staticAccessors$12.MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule.get = function () { return MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule };
-       staticAccessors$12.MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule.get = function () { return MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule };
-       staticAccessors$12.MOD2_BOUNDARY_RULE.get = function () { return new Mod2BoundaryNodeRule() };
-       staticAccessors$12.ENDPOINT_BOUNDARY_RULE.get = function () { return new EndPointBoundaryNodeRule() };
-       staticAccessors$12.MULTIVALENT_ENDPOINT_BOUNDARY_RULE.get = function () { return new MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule() };
-       staticAccessors$12.MONOVALENT_ENDPOINT_BOUNDARY_RULE.get = function () { return new MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule() };
-       staticAccessors$12.OGC_SFS_BOUNDARY_RULE.get = function () { return BoundaryNodeRule.MOD2_BOUNDARY_RULE };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( BoundaryNodeRule, staticAccessors$12 );
-
-       var Mod2BoundaryNodeRule = function Mod2BoundaryNodeRule () {};
-
-       Mod2BoundaryNodeRule.prototype.isInBoundary = function isInBoundary (boundaryCount) {
-         return boundaryCount % 2 === 1
-       };
-       Mod2BoundaryNodeRule.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [BoundaryNodeRule]
-       };
-       Mod2BoundaryNodeRule.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Mod2BoundaryNodeRule
-       };
 
-       var EndPointBoundaryNodeRule = function EndPointBoundaryNodeRule () {};
+         ui.restart = function () {
+           context.keybinding().clear();
+           _loadPromise = null;
+           context.container().selectAll('*').remove();
+           ui.ensureLoaded();
+         };
 
-       EndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.isInBoundary = function isInBoundary (boundaryCount) {
-         return boundaryCount > 0
-       };
-       EndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [BoundaryNodeRule]
-       };
-       EndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return EndPointBoundaryNodeRule
-       };
+         ui.lastPointerType = function () {
+           return _lastPointerType;
+         };
 
-       var MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule = function MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule () {};
+         ui.svgDefs = svgDefs(context);
+         ui.flash = uiFlash(context);
+         ui.sidebar = uiSidebar(context);
+         ui.photoviewer = uiPhotoviewer(context);
+         ui.shortcuts = uiShortcuts(context);
 
-       MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.isInBoundary = function isInBoundary (boundaryCount) {
-         return boundaryCount > 1
-       };
-       MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [BoundaryNodeRule]
-       };
-       MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule
-       };
+         ui.onResize = function (withPan) {
+           var map = context.map(); // Recalc dimensions of map and sidebar.. (`true` = force recalc)
+           // This will call `getBoundingClientRect` and trigger reflow,
+           //  but the values will be cached for later use.
 
-       var MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule = function MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule () {};
+           var mapDimensions = utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.main-content'), true);
+           utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.sidebar'), true);
 
-       MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.isInBoundary = function isInBoundary (boundaryCount) {
-         return boundaryCount === 1
-       };
-       MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [BoundaryNodeRule]
-       };
-       MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule
-       };
+           if (withPan !== undefined) {
+             map.redrawEnable(false);
+             map.pan(withPan);
+             map.redrawEnable(true);
+           }
 
-       // import Iterator from './Iterator'
+           map.dimensions(mapDimensions);
+           ui.photoviewer.onMapResize(); // check if header or footer have overflowed
 
-       /**
-        * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Collection.html
-        *
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       var Collection = function Collection () {};
+           ui.checkOverflow('.top-toolbar');
+           ui.checkOverflow('.map-footer-bar'); // Use outdated code so it works on Explorer
 
-       Collection.prototype.add = function add () {};
+           var resizeWindowEvent = document.createEvent('Event');
+           resizeWindowEvent.initEvent('resizeWindow', true, true);
+           document.dispatchEvent(resizeWindowEvent);
+         }; // Call checkOverflow when resizing or whenever the contents change.
 
-       /**
-        * Appends all of the elements in the specified collection to the end of this
-        * list, in the order that they are returned by the specified collection's
-        * iterator (optional operation).
-        * @param {javascript.util.Collection} c
-        * @return {boolean}
-        */
-       Collection.prototype.addAll = function addAll () {};
 
-       /**
-        * Returns true if this collection contains no elements.
-        * @return {boolean}
-        */
-       Collection.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {};
+         ui.checkOverflow = function (selector, reset) {
+           if (reset) {
+             delete _needWidth[selector];
+           }
 
-       /**
-        * Returns an iterator over the elements in this collection.
-        * @return {javascript.util.Iterator}
-        */
-       Collection.prototype.iterator = function iterator () {};
+           var selection = context.container().select(selector);
+           if (selection.empty()) return;
+           var scrollWidth = selection.property('scrollWidth');
+           var clientWidth = selection.property('clientWidth');
+           var needed = _needWidth[selector] || scrollWidth;
 
-       /**
-        * Returns an iterator over the elements in this collection.
-        * @return {number}
-        */
-       Collection.prototype.size = function size () {};
+           if (scrollWidth > clientWidth) {
+             // overflow happening
+             selection.classed('narrow', true);
 
-       /**
-        * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this collection.
-        * @return {Array}
-        */
-       Collection.prototype.toArray = function toArray () {};
+             if (!_needWidth[selector]) {
+               _needWidth[selector] = scrollWidth;
+             }
+           } else if (scrollWidth >= needed) {
+             selection.classed('narrow', false);
+           }
+         };
 
-       /**
-        * Removes a single instance of the specified element from this collection if it
-        * is present. (optional)
-        * @param {Object} e
-        * @return {boolean}
-        */
-       Collection.prototype.remove = function remove () {};
+         ui.togglePanes = function (showPane) {
+           var hidePanes = context.container().selectAll('.map-pane.shown');
+           var side = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr' ? 'right' : 'left';
+           hidePanes.classed('shown', false).classed('hide', true);
+           context.container().selectAll('.map-pane-control button').classed('active', false);
 
-       /**
-        * @param {string=} message Optional message
-        * @extends {Error}
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       function IndexOutOfBoundsException (message) {
-         this.message = message || '';
-       }
-       IndexOutOfBoundsException.prototype = new Error();
+           if (showPane) {
+             hidePanes.classed('shown', false).classed('hide', true).style(side, '-500px');
+             context.container().selectAll('.' + showPane.attr('pane') + '-control button').classed('active', true);
+             showPane.classed('shown', true).classed('hide', false);
 
-       /**
-        * @type {string}
-        */
-       IndexOutOfBoundsException.prototype.name = 'IndexOutOfBoundsException';
+             if (hidePanes.empty()) {
+               showPane.style(side, '-500px').transition().duration(200).style(side, '0px');
+             } else {
+               showPane.style(side, '0px');
+             }
+           } else {
+             hidePanes.classed('shown', true).classed('hide', false).style(side, '0px').transition().duration(200).style(side, '-500px').on('end', function () {
+               select(this).classed('shown', false).classed('hide', true);
+             });
+           }
+         };
 
-       /**
-        * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Iterator.html
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       var Iterator$1 = function Iterator () {};
+         var _editMenu = uiEditMenu(context);
 
-       Iterator$1.prototype.hasNext = function hasNext () {};
+         ui.editMenu = function () {
+           return _editMenu;
+         };
 
-       /**
-        * Returns the next element in the iteration.
-        * @return {Object}
-        */
-       Iterator$1.prototype.next = function next () {};
+         ui.showEditMenu = function (anchorPoint, triggerType, operations) {
+           // remove any displayed menu
+           ui.closeEditMenu();
+           if (!operations && context.mode().operations) operations = context.mode().operations();
+           if (!operations || !operations.length) return; // disable menu if in wide selection, for example
 
-       /**
-        * Removes from the underlying collection the last element returned by the
-        * iterator (optional operation).
-        */
-       Iterator$1.prototype.remove = function remove () {};
+           if (!context.map().editableDataEnabled()) return;
+           var surfaceNode = context.surface().node();
 
-       /**
-        * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/List.html
-        *
-        * @extends {javascript.util.Collection}
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       var List = (function (Collection$$1) {
-         function List () {
-           Collection$$1.apply(this, arguments);
-         }
+           if (surfaceNode.focus) {
+             // FF doesn't support it
+             // focus the surface or else clicking off the menu may not trigger modeBrowse
+             surfaceNode.focus();
+           }
 
-         if ( Collection$$1 ) List.__proto__ = Collection$$1;
-         List.prototype = Object.create( Collection$$1 && Collection$$1.prototype );
-         List.prototype.constructor = List;
+           operations.forEach(function (operation) {
+             if (operation.point) operation.point(anchorPoint);
+           });
 
-         List.prototype.get = function get () { };
+           _editMenu.anchorLoc(anchorPoint).triggerType(triggerType).operations(operations); // render the menu
 
-         /**
-          * Replaces the element at the specified position in this list with the
-          * specified element (optional operation).
-          * @param {number} index
-          * @param {Object} e
-          * @return {Object}
-          */
-         List.prototype.set = function set () { };
 
-         /**
-          * Returns true if this collection contains no elements.
-          * @return {boolean}
-          */
-         List.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () { };
+           context.map().supersurface.call(_editMenu);
+         };
 
-         return List;
-       }(Collection));
+         ui.closeEditMenu = function () {
+           // remove any existing menu no matter how it was added
+           context.map().supersurface.select('.edit-menu').remove();
+         };
 
-       /**
-        * @param {string=} message Optional message
-        * @extends {Error}
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       function NoSuchElementException (message) {
-         this.message = message || '';
+         var _saveLoading = select(null);
+
+         context.uploader().on('saveStarted.ui', function () {
+           _saveLoading = uiLoading(context).message(_t.html('save.uploading')).blocking(true);
+           context.container().call(_saveLoading); // block input during upload
+         }).on('saveEnded.ui', function () {
+           _saveLoading.close();
+
+           _saveLoading = select(null);
+         });
+         return ui;
        }
-       NoSuchElementException.prototype = new Error();
 
-       /**
-        * @type {string}
-        */
-       NoSuchElementException.prototype.name = 'NoSuchElementException';
+       function coreContext() {
+         var _this = this;
 
-       // import OperationNotSupported from './OperationNotSupported'
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('enter', 'exit', 'change');
+         var context = utilRebind({}, dispatch, 'on');
 
-       /**
-        * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/ArrayList.html
-        *
-        * @extends List
-        * @private
-        */
-       var ArrayList = (function (List$$1) {
-         function ArrayList () {
-           List$$1.call(this);
-           this.array_ = [];
+         var _deferred = new Set();
 
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Collection) {
-             this.addAll(arguments[0]);
-           }
-         }
+         context.version = '2.20.4';
+         context.privacyVersion = '20201202'; // iD will alter the hash so cache the parameters intended to setup the session
 
-         if ( List$$1 ) ArrayList.__proto__ = List$$1;
-         ArrayList.prototype = Object.create( List$$1 && List$$1.prototype );
-         ArrayList.prototype.constructor = ArrayList;
+         context.initialHashParams = window.location.hash ? utilStringQs(window.location.hash) : {};
+         /* Changeset */
+         // An osmChangeset object. Not loaded until needed.
 
-         ArrayList.prototype.ensureCapacity = function ensureCapacity () {};
-         ArrayList.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () { return [List$$1, Collection] };
+         context.changeset = null;
+         var _defaultChangesetComment = context.initialHashParams.comment;
+         var _defaultChangesetSource = context.initialHashParams.source;
+         var _defaultChangesetHashtags = context.initialHashParams.hashtags;
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         ArrayList.prototype.add = function add (e) {
-           if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             this.array_.push(e);
-           } else {
-             this.array_.splice(arguments[0], arguments[1]);
-           }
-           return true
+         context.defaultChangesetComment = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _defaultChangesetComment;
+           _defaultChangesetComment = val;
+           return context;
          };
 
-         ArrayList.prototype.clear = function clear () {
-           this.array_ = [];
+         context.defaultChangesetSource = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _defaultChangesetSource;
+           _defaultChangesetSource = val;
+           return context;
          };
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         ArrayList.prototype.addAll = function addAll (c) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         context.defaultChangesetHashtags = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _defaultChangesetHashtags;
+           _defaultChangesetHashtags = val;
+           return context;
+         };
+         /* Document title */
 
-           for (var i = c.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             this$1.add(i.next());
-           }
-           return true
+         /* (typically shown as the label for the browser window/tab) */
+         // If true, iD will update the title based on what the user is doing
+
+
+         var _setsDocumentTitle = true;
+
+         context.setsDocumentTitle = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _setsDocumentTitle;
+           _setsDocumentTitle = val;
+           return context;
+         }; // The part of the title that is always the same
+
+
+         var _documentTitleBase = document.title;
+
+         context.documentTitleBase = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _documentTitleBase;
+           _documentTitleBase = val;
+           return context;
          };
+         /* User interface and keybinding */
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         ArrayList.prototype.set = function set (index, element) {
-           var oldElement = this.array_[index];
-           this.array_[index] = element;
-           return oldElement
+
+         var _ui;
+
+         context.ui = function () {
+           return _ui;
          };
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         ArrayList.prototype.iterator = function iterator () {
-           return new Iterator_(this)
+         context.lastPointerType = function () {
+           return _ui.lastPointerType();
          };
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         ArrayList.prototype.get = function get (index) {
-           if (index < 0 || index >= this.size()) {
-             throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException()
-           }
+         var _keybinding = utilKeybinding('context');
 
-           return this.array_[index]
+         context.keybinding = function () {
+           return _keybinding;
          };
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         ArrayList.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
-           return this.array_.length === 0
+         select(document).call(_keybinding);
+         /* Straight accessors. Avoid using these if you can. */
+         // Instantiate the connection here because it doesn't require passing in
+         // `context` and it's needed for pre-init calls like `preauth`
+
+         var _connection = services.osm;
+
+         var _history;
+
+         var _validator;
+
+         var _uploader;
+
+         context.connection = function () {
+           return _connection;
          };
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         ArrayList.prototype.size = function size () {
-           return this.array_.length
+         context.history = function () {
+           return _history;
          };
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         ArrayList.prototype.toArray = function toArray () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         context.validator = function () {
+           return _validator;
+         };
+
+         context.uploader = function () {
+           return _uploader;
+         };
+         /* Connection */
 
-           var array = [];
 
-           for (var i = 0, len = this.array_.length; i < len; i++) {
-             array.push(this$1.array_[i]);
+         context.preauth = function (options) {
+           if (_connection) {
+             _connection["switch"](options);
            }
 
-           return array
+           return context;
          };
+         /* connection options for source switcher (optional) */
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         ArrayList.prototype.remove = function remove (o) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-           var found = false;
+         var _apiConnections;
+
+         context.apiConnections = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _apiConnections;
+           _apiConnections = val;
+           return context;
+         }; // A string or array or locale codes to prefer over the browser's settings
 
-           for (var i = 0, len = this.array_.length; i < len; i++) {
-             if (this$1.array_[i] === o) {
-               this$1.array_.splice(i, 1);
-               found = true;
-               break
-             }
-           }
 
-           return found
+         context.locale = function (locale) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
+           _mainLocalizer.preferredLocaleCodes(locale);
+           return context;
          };
 
-         return ArrayList;
-       }(List));
+         function afterLoad(cid, callback) {
+           return function (err, result) {
+             if (err) {
+               // 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden..
+               if (err.status === 400 || err.status === 401 || err.status === 403) {
+                 if (_connection) {
+                   _connection.logout();
+                 }
+               }
 
-       /**
-        * @extends {Iterator}
-        * @param {ArrayList} arrayList
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       var Iterator_ = (function (Iterator$$1) {
-         function Iterator_ (arrayList) {
-           Iterator$$1.call(this);
-           /**
-            * @type {ArrayList}
-            * @private
-           */
-           this.arrayList_ = arrayList;
-           /**
-            * @type {number}
-            * @private
-           */
-           this.position_ = 0;
+               if (typeof callback === 'function') {
+                 callback(err);
+               }
+
+               return;
+             } else if (_connection && _connection.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
+               if (typeof callback === 'function') {
+                 callback({
+                   message: 'Connection Switched',
+                   status: -1
+                 });
+               }
+
+               return;
+             } else {
+               _history.merge(result.data, result.extent);
+
+               if (typeof callback === 'function') {
+                 callback(err, result);
+               }
+
+               return;
+             }
+           };
          }
 
-         if ( Iterator$$1 ) Iterator_.__proto__ = Iterator$$1;
-         Iterator_.prototype = Object.create( Iterator$$1 && Iterator$$1.prototype );
-         Iterator_.prototype.constructor = Iterator_;
+         context.loadTiles = function (projection, callback) {
+           var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+             _deferred["delete"](handle);
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         Iterator_.prototype.next = function next () {
-           if (this.position_ === this.arrayList_.size()) {
-             throw new NoSuchElementException()
-           }
-           return this.arrayList_.get(this.position_++)
+             if (_connection && context.editableDataEnabled()) {
+               var cid = _connection.getConnectionId();
+
+               _connection.loadTiles(projection, afterLoad(cid, callback));
+             }
+           });
+
+           _deferred.add(handle);
          };
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         Iterator_.prototype.hasNext = function hasNext () {
-           if (this.position_ < this.arrayList_.size()) {
-             return true
-           } else {
-             return false
+         context.loadTileAtLoc = function (loc, callback) {
+           var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+             _deferred["delete"](handle);
+
+             if (_connection && context.editableDataEnabled()) {
+               var cid = _connection.getConnectionId();
+
+               _connection.loadTileAtLoc(loc, afterLoad(cid, callback));
+             }
+           });
+
+           _deferred.add(handle);
+         }; // Download the full entity and its parent relations. The callback may be called multiple times.
+
+
+         context.loadEntity = function (entityID, callback) {
+           if (_connection) {
+             var cid = _connection.getConnectionId();
+
+             _connection.loadEntity(entityID, afterLoad(cid, callback)); // We need to fetch the parent relations separately.
+
+
+             _connection.loadEntityRelations(entityID, afterLoad(cid, callback));
            }
          };
 
-         /**
-          * TODO: should be in ListIterator
-          * @override
-          */
-         Iterator_.prototype.set = function set (element) {
-           return this.arrayList_.set(this.position_ - 1, element)
-         };
+         context.zoomToEntity = function (entityID, zoomTo) {
+           // be sure to load the entity even if we're not going to zoom to it
+           context.loadEntity(entityID, function (err, result) {
+             if (err) return;
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         Iterator_.prototype.remove = function remove () {
-           this.arrayList_.remove(this.arrayList_.get(this.position_));
-         };
-
-         return Iterator_;
-       }(Iterator$1));
-
-       var CoordinateList = (function (ArrayList$$1) {
-         function CoordinateList () {
-           ArrayList$$1.call(this);
-           if (arguments.length === 0) ; else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var coord = arguments[0];
-             this.ensureCapacity(coord.length);
-             this.add(coord, true);
-           } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var coord$1 = arguments[0];
-             var allowRepeated = arguments[1];
-             this.ensureCapacity(coord$1.length);
-             this.add(coord$1, allowRepeated);
-           }
-         }
-
-         if ( ArrayList$$1 ) CoordinateList.__proto__ = ArrayList$$1;
-         CoordinateList.prototype = Object.create( ArrayList$$1 && ArrayList$$1.prototype );
-         CoordinateList.prototype.constructor = CoordinateList;
-
-         var staticAccessors = { coordArrayType: { configurable: true } };
-         staticAccessors.coordArrayType.get = function () { return new Array(0).fill(null) };
-         CoordinateList.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate (i) {
-           return this.get(i)
-         };
-         CoordinateList.prototype.addAll = function addAll () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var coll = arguments[0];
-             var allowRepeated = arguments[1];
-             var isChanged = false;
-             for (var i = coll.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-               this$1.add(i.next(), allowRepeated);
-               isChanged = true;
-             }
-             return isChanged
-           } else { return ArrayList$$1.prototype.addAll.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         CoordinateList.prototype.clone = function clone () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           var clone = ArrayList$$1.prototype.clone.call(this);
-           for (var i = 0; i < this.size(); i++) {
-             clone.add(i, this$1.get(i).copy());
-           }
-           return clone
-         };
-         CoordinateList.prototype.toCoordinateArray = function toCoordinateArray () {
-           return this.toArray(CoordinateList.coordArrayType)
-         };
-         CoordinateList.prototype.add = function add () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var coord = arguments[0];
-             ArrayList$$1.prototype.add.call(this, coord);
-           } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             if (arguments[0] instanceof Array && typeof arguments[1] === 'boolean') {
-               var coord$1 = arguments[0];
-               var allowRepeated = arguments[1];
-               this.add(coord$1, allowRepeated, true);
-               return true
-             } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && typeof arguments[1] === 'boolean') {
-               var coord$2 = arguments[0];
-               var allowRepeated$1 = arguments[1];
-               if (!allowRepeated$1) {
-                 if (this.size() >= 1) {
-                   var last = this.get(this.size() - 1);
-                   if (last.equals2D(coord$2)) { return null }
-                 }
-               }
-               ArrayList$$1.prototype.add.call(this, coord$2);
-             } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Object && typeof arguments[1] === 'boolean') {
-               var obj = arguments[0];
-               var allowRepeated$2 = arguments[1];
-               this.add(obj, allowRepeated$2);
-               return true
-             }
-           } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-             if (typeof arguments[2] === 'boolean' && (arguments[0] instanceof Array && typeof arguments[1] === 'boolean')) {
-               var coord$3 = arguments[0];
-               var allowRepeated$3 = arguments[1];
-               var direction = arguments[2];
-               if (direction) {
-                 for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < coord$3.length; i$1++) {
-                   this$1.add(coord$3[i$1], allowRepeated$3);
-                 }
-               } else {
-                 for (var i$2 = coord$3.length - 1; i$2 >= 0; i$2--) {
-                   this$1.add(coord$3[i$2], allowRepeated$3);
-                 }
-               }
-               return true
-             } else if (typeof arguments[2] === 'boolean' && (Number.isInteger(arguments[0]) && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
-               var i$3 = arguments[0];
-               var coord$4 = arguments[1];
-               var allowRepeated$4 = arguments[2];
-               if (!allowRepeated$4) {
-                 var size = this.size();
-                 if (size > 0) {
-                   if (i$3 > 0) {
-                     var prev = this.get(i$3 - 1);
-                     if (prev.equals2D(coord$4)) { return null }
-                   }
-                   if (i$3 < size) {
-                     var next = this.get(i$3);
-                     if (next.equals2D(coord$4)) { return null }
-                   }
-                 }
+             if (zoomTo !== false) {
+               var entity = result.data.find(function (e) {
+                 return e.id === entityID;
+               });
+
+               if (entity) {
+                 _map.zoomTo(entity);
                }
-               ArrayList$$1.prototype.add.call(this, i$3, coord$4);
              }
-           } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
-             var coord$5 = arguments[0];
-             var allowRepeated$5 = arguments[1];
-             var start = arguments[2];
-             var end = arguments[3];
-             var inc = 1;
-             if (start > end) { inc = -1; }
-             for (var i = start; i !== end; i += inc) {
-               this$1.add(coord$5[i], allowRepeated$5);
+           });
+
+           _map.on('drawn.zoomToEntity', function () {
+             if (!context.hasEntity(entityID)) return;
+
+             _map.on('drawn.zoomToEntity', null);
+
+             context.on('enter.zoomToEntity', null);
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
+           });
+
+           context.on('enter.zoomToEntity', function () {
+             if (_mode.id !== 'browse') {
+               _map.on('drawn.zoomToEntity', null);
+
+               context.on('enter.zoomToEntity', null);
              }
-             return true
+           });
+         };
+
+         var _minEditableZoom = 16;
+
+         context.minEditableZoom = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _minEditableZoom;
+           _minEditableZoom = val;
+
+           if (_connection) {
+             _connection.tileZoom(val);
            }
+
+           return context;
+         }; // String length limits in Unicode characters, not JavaScript UTF-16 code units
+
+
+         context.maxCharsForTagKey = function () {
+           return 255;
          };
-         CoordinateList.prototype.closeRing = function closeRing () {
-           if (this.size() > 0) { this.add(new Coordinate(this.get(0)), false); }
+
+         context.maxCharsForTagValue = function () {
+           return 255;
          };
-         CoordinateList.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
+
+         context.maxCharsForRelationRole = function () {
+           return 255;
          };
-         CoordinateList.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return CoordinateList
+
+         function cleanOsmString(val, maxChars) {
+           // be lenient with input
+           if (val === undefined || val === null) {
+             val = '';
+           } else {
+             val = val.toString();
+           } // remove whitespace
+
+
+           val = val.trim(); // use the canonical form of the string
+
+           if (val.normalize) val = val.normalize('NFC'); // trim to the number of allowed characters
+
+           return utilUnicodeCharsTruncated(val, maxChars);
+         }
+
+         context.cleanTagKey = function (val) {
+           return cleanOsmString(val, context.maxCharsForTagKey());
          };
 
-         Object.defineProperties( CoordinateList, staticAccessors );
+         context.cleanTagValue = function (val) {
+           return cleanOsmString(val, context.maxCharsForTagValue());
+         };
 
-         return CoordinateList;
-       }(ArrayList));
+         context.cleanRelationRole = function (val) {
+           return cleanOsmString(val, context.maxCharsForRelationRole());
+         };
+         /* History */
 
-       var CoordinateArrays = function CoordinateArrays () {};
 
-       var staticAccessors$13 = { ForwardComparator: { configurable: true },BidirectionalComparator: { configurable: true },coordArrayType: { configurable: true } };
+         var _inIntro = false;
 
-       staticAccessors$13.ForwardComparator.get = function () { return ForwardComparator };
-       staticAccessors$13.BidirectionalComparator.get = function () { return BidirectionalComparator };
-       staticAccessors$13.coordArrayType.get = function () { return new Array(0).fill(null) };
+         context.inIntro = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _inIntro;
+           _inIntro = val;
+           return context;
+         }; // Immediately save the user's history to localstorage, if possible
+         // This is called someteimes, but also on the `window.onbeforeunload` handler
 
-       CoordinateArrays.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return CoordinateArrays
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.isRing = function isRing (pts) {
-         if (pts.length < 4) { return false }
-         if (!pts[0].equals2D(pts[pts.length - 1])) { return false }
-         return true
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.ptNotInList = function ptNotInList (testPts, pts) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < testPts.length; i++) {
-           var testPt = testPts[i];
-           if (CoordinateArrays.indexOf(testPt, pts) < 0) { return testPt }
-         }
-         return null
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.scroll = function scroll (coordinates, firstCoordinate) {
-         var i = CoordinateArrays.indexOf(firstCoordinate, coordinates);
-         if (i < 0) { return null }
-         var newCoordinates = new Array(coordinates.length).fill(null);
-         System.arraycopy(coordinates, i, newCoordinates, 0, coordinates.length - i);
-         System.arraycopy(coordinates, 0, newCoordinates, coordinates.length - i, i);
-         System.arraycopy(newCoordinates, 0, coordinates, 0, coordinates.length);
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.equals = function equals () {
-         if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var coord1 = arguments[0];
-           var coord2 = arguments[1];
-           if (coord1 === coord2) { return true }
-           if (coord1 === null || coord2 === null) { return false }
-           if (coord1.length !== coord2.length) { return false }
-           for (var i = 0; i < coord1.length; i++) {
-             if (!coord1[i].equals(coord2[i])) { return false }
-           }
-           return true
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var coord1$1 = arguments[0];
-           var coord2$1 = arguments[1];
-           var coordinateComparator = arguments[2];
-           if (coord1$1 === coord2$1) { return true }
-           if (coord1$1 === null || coord2$1 === null) { return false }
-           if (coord1$1.length !== coord2$1.length) { return false }
-           for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < coord1$1.length; i$1++) {
-             if (coordinateComparator.compare(coord1$1[i$1], coord2$1[i$1]) !== 0) { return false }
-           }
-           return true
-         }
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.intersection = function intersection (coordinates, env) {
-         var coordList = new CoordinateList();
-         for (var i = 0; i < coordinates.length; i++) {
-           if (env.intersects(coordinates[i])) { coordList.add(coordinates[i], true); }
-         }
-         return coordList.toCoordinateArray()
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.hasRepeatedPoints = function hasRepeatedPoints (coord) {
-         for (var i = 1; i < coord.length; i++) {
-           if (coord[i - 1].equals(coord[i])) {
-             return true
-           }
-         }
-         return false
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.removeRepeatedPoints = function removeRepeatedPoints (coord) {
-         if (!CoordinateArrays.hasRepeatedPoints(coord)) { return coord }
-         var coordList = new CoordinateList(coord, false);
-         return coordList.toCoordinateArray()
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.reverse = function reverse (coord) {
-         var last = coord.length - 1;
-         var mid = Math.trunc(last / 2);
-         for (var i = 0; i <= mid; i++) {
-           var tmp = coord[i];
-           coord[i] = coord[last - i];
-           coord[last - i] = tmp;
-         }
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.removeNull = function removeNull (coord) {
-         var nonNull = 0;
-         for (var i = 0; i < coord.length; i++) {
-           if (coord[i] !== null) { nonNull++; }
-         }
-         var newCoord = new Array(nonNull).fill(null);
-         if (nonNull === 0) { return newCoord }
-         var j = 0;
-         for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < coord.length; i$1++) {
-           if (coord[i$1] !== null) { newCoord[j++] = coord[i$1]; }
-         }
-         return newCoord
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.copyDeep = function copyDeep () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var coordinates = arguments[0];
-           var copy = new Array(coordinates.length).fill(null);
-           for (var i = 0; i < coordinates.length; i++) {
-             copy[i] = new Coordinate(coordinates[i]);
-           }
-           return copy
-         } else if (arguments.length === 5) {
-           var src = arguments[0];
-           var srcStart = arguments[1];
-           var dest = arguments[2];
-           var destStart = arguments[3];
-           var length = arguments[4];
-           for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < length; i$1++) {
-             dest[destStart + i$1] = new Coordinate(src[srcStart + i$1]);
+
+         context.save = function () {
+           // no history save, no message onbeforeunload
+           if (_inIntro || context.container().select('.modal').size()) return;
+           var canSave;
+
+           if (_mode && _mode.id === 'save') {
+             canSave = false; // Attempt to prevent user from creating duplicate changes - see #5200
+
+             if (services.osm && services.osm.isChangesetInflight()) {
+               _history.clearSaved();
+
+               return;
+             }
+           } else {
+             canSave = context.selectedIDs().every(function (id) {
+               var entity = context.hasEntity(id);
+               return entity && !entity.isDegenerate();
+             });
            }
-         }
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.isEqualReversed = function isEqualReversed (pts1, pts2) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < pts1.length; i++) {
-           var p1 = pts1[i];
-           var p2 = pts2[pts1.length - i - 1];
-           if (p1.compareTo(p2) !== 0) { return false }
-         }
-         return true
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.envelope = function envelope (coordinates) {
-         var env = new Envelope();
-         for (var i = 0; i < coordinates.length; i++) {
-           env.expandToInclude(coordinates[i]);
-         }
-         return env
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.toCoordinateArray = function toCoordinateArray (coordList) {
-         return coordList.toArray(CoordinateArrays.coordArrayType)
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.atLeastNCoordinatesOrNothing = function atLeastNCoordinatesOrNothing (n, c) {
-         return c.length >= n ? c : []
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.indexOf = function indexOf (coordinate, coordinates) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < coordinates.length; i++) {
-           if (coordinate.equals(coordinates[i])) {
-             return i
+
+           if (canSave) {
+             _history.save();
            }
-         }
-         return -1
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.increasingDirection = function increasingDirection (pts) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < Math.trunc(pts.length / 2); i++) {
-           var j = pts.length - 1 - i;
-           var comp = pts[i].compareTo(pts[j]);
-           if (comp !== 0) { return comp }
-         }
-         return 1
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.compare = function compare (pts1, pts2) {
-         var i = 0;
-         while (i < pts1.length && i < pts2.length) {
-           var compare = pts1[i].compareTo(pts2[i]);
-           if (compare !== 0) { return compare }
-           i++;
-         }
-         if (i < pts2.length) { return -1 }
-         if (i < pts1.length) { return 1 }
-         return 0
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.minCoordinate = function minCoordinate (coordinates) {
-         var minCoord = null;
-         for (var i = 0; i < coordinates.length; i++) {
-           if (minCoord === null || minCoord.compareTo(coordinates[i]) > 0) {
-             minCoord = coordinates[i];
+
+           if (_history.hasChanges()) {
+             return _t('save.unsaved_changes');
            }
+         }; // Debounce save, since it's a synchronous localStorage write,
+         // and history changes can happen frequently (e.g. when dragging).
+
+
+         context.debouncedSave = debounce(context.save, 350);
+
+         function withDebouncedSave(fn) {
+           return function () {
+             var result = fn.apply(_history, arguments);
+             context.debouncedSave();
+             return result;
+           };
          }
-         return minCoord
-       };
-       CoordinateArrays.extract = function extract (pts, start, end) {
-         start = MathUtil.clamp(start, 0, pts.length);
-         end = MathUtil.clamp(end, -1, pts.length);
-         var npts = end - start + 1;
-         if (end < 0) { npts = 0; }
-         if (start >= pts.length) { npts = 0; }
-         if (end < start) { npts = 0; }
-         var extractPts = new Array(npts).fill(null);
-         if (npts === 0) { return extractPts }
-         var iPts = 0;
-         for (var i = start; i <= end; i++) {
-           extractPts[iPts++] = pts[i];
-         }
-         return extractPts
-       };
+         /* Graph */
+
+
+         context.hasEntity = function (id) {
+           return _history.graph().hasEntity(id);
+         };
+
+         context.entity = function (id) {
+           return _history.graph().entity(id);
+         };
+         /* Modes */
+
+
+         var _mode;
 
-       Object.defineProperties( CoordinateArrays, staticAccessors$13 );
+         context.mode = function () {
+           return _mode;
+         };
 
-       var ForwardComparator = function ForwardComparator () {};
+         context.enter = function (newMode) {
+           if (_mode) {
+             _mode.exit();
 
-       ForwardComparator.prototype.compare = function compare (o1, o2) {
-         var pts1 = o1;
-         var pts2 = o2;
-         return CoordinateArrays.compare(pts1, pts2)
-       };
-       ForwardComparator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Comparator]
-       };
-       ForwardComparator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return ForwardComparator
-       };
+             dispatch.call('exit', _this, _mode);
+           }
 
-       var BidirectionalComparator = function BidirectionalComparator () {};
-
-       BidirectionalComparator.prototype.compare = function compare (o1, o2) {
-         var pts1 = o1;
-         var pts2 = o2;
-         if (pts1.length < pts2.length) { return -1 }
-         if (pts1.length > pts2.length) { return 1 }
-         if (pts1.length === 0) { return 0 }
-         var forwardComp = CoordinateArrays.compare(pts1, pts2);
-         var isEqualRev = CoordinateArrays.isEqualReversed(pts1, pts2);
-         if (isEqualRev) { return 0 }
-         return forwardComp
-       };
-       BidirectionalComparator.prototype.OLDcompare = function OLDcompare (o1, o2) {
-         var pts1 = o1;
-         var pts2 = o2;
-         if (pts1.length < pts2.length) { return -1 }
-         if (pts1.length > pts2.length) { return 1 }
-         if (pts1.length === 0) { return 0 }
-         var dir1 = CoordinateArrays.increasingDirection(pts1);
-         var dir2 = CoordinateArrays.increasingDirection(pts2);
-         var i1 = dir1 > 0 ? 0 : pts1.length - 1;
-         var i2 = dir2 > 0 ? 0 : pts1.length - 1;
-         for (var i = 0; i < pts1.length; i++) {
-           var comparePt = pts1[i1].compareTo(pts2[i2]);
-           if (comparePt !== 0) { return comparePt }
-           i1 += dir1;
-           i2 += dir2;
-         }
-         return 0
-       };
-       BidirectionalComparator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Comparator]
-       };
-       BidirectionalComparator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return BidirectionalComparator
-       };
+           _mode = newMode;
 
-       /**
-        * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Map.html
-        *
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       var Map$1$1 = function Map () {};
+           _mode.enter();
 
-       Map$1$1.prototype.get = function get () {};
-       /**
-        * Associates the specified value with the specified key in this map (optional
-        * operation).
-        * @param {Object} key
-        * @param {Object} value
-        * @return {Object}
-        */
-       Map$1$1.prototype.put = function put () {};
+           dispatch.call('enter', _this, _mode);
+         };
 
-       /**
-        * Returns the number of key-value mappings in this map.
-        * @return {number}
-        */
-       Map$1$1.prototype.size = function size () {};
+         context.selectedIDs = function () {
+           return _mode && _mode.selectedIDs && _mode.selectedIDs() || [];
+         };
 
-       /**
-        * Returns a Collection view of the values contained in this map.
-        * @return {javascript.util.Collection}
-        */
-       Map$1$1.prototype.values = function values () {};
+         context.activeID = function () {
+           return _mode && _mode.activeID && _mode.activeID();
+         };
 
-       /**
-        * Returns a {@link Set} view of the mappings contained in this map.
-        * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are
-        * reflected in the set, and vice-versa.If the map is modified
-        * while an iteration over the set is in progress (except through
-        * the iterator's own <tt>remove</tt> operation, or through the
-        * <tt>setValue</tt> operation on a map entry returned by the
-        * iterator) the results of the iteration are undefined.The set
-        * supports element removal, which removes the corresponding
-        * mapping from the map, via the <tt>Iterator.remove</tt>,
-        * <tt>Set.remove</tt>, <tt>removeAll</tt>, <tt>retainAll</tt> and
-        * <tt>clear</tt> operations.It does not support the
-        * <tt>add</tt> or <tt>addAll</tt> operations.
-        *
-        * @return {Set} a set view of the mappings contained in this map
-        */
-       Map$1$1.prototype.entrySet = function entrySet () {};
+         var _selectedNoteID;
 
-       /**
-        * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/SortedMap.html
-        *
-        * @extends {Map}
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       var SortedMap = (function (Map) {
-               function SortedMap () {
-                       Map.apply(this, arguments);
-               }if ( Map ) SortedMap.__proto__ = Map;
-               SortedMap.prototype = Object.create( Map && Map.prototype );
-               SortedMap.prototype.constructor = SortedMap;
+         context.selectedNoteID = function (noteID) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _selectedNoteID;
+           _selectedNoteID = noteID;
+           return context;
+         }; // NOTE: Don't change the name of this until UI v3 is merged
 
-               
 
-               return SortedMap;
-       }(Map$1$1));
+         var _selectedErrorID;
 
-       /**
-        * @param {string=} message Optional message
-        * @extends {Error}
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       function OperationNotSupported (message) {
-         this.message = message || '';
-       }
-       OperationNotSupported.prototype = new Error();
+         context.selectedErrorID = function (errorID) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _selectedErrorID;
+           _selectedErrorID = errorID;
+           return context;
+         };
+         /* Behaviors */
 
-       /**
-        * @type {string}
-        */
-       OperationNotSupported.prototype.name = 'OperationNotSupported';
 
-       /**
-        * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Set.html
-        *
-        * @extends {Collection}
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       function Set$2() {}
-       Set$2.prototype = new Collection();
+         context.install = function (behavior) {
+           return context.surface().call(behavior);
+         };
 
+         context.uninstall = function (behavior) {
+           return context.surface().call(behavior.off);
+         };
+         /* Copy/Paste */
 
-       /**
-        * Returns true if this set contains the specified element. More formally,
-        * returns true if and only if this set contains an element e such that (o==null ?
-        * e==null : o.equals(e)).
-        * @param {Object} e
-        * @return {boolean}
-        */
-       Set$2.prototype.contains = function() {};
 
-       /**
-        * @see http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/HashSet.html
-        *
-        * @extends {javascript.util.Set}
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       var HashSet = (function (Set$$1) {
-         function HashSet () {
-           Set$$1.call(this);
-           this.array_ = [];
+         var _copyGraph;
 
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Collection) {
-             this.addAll(arguments[0]);
-           }
-         }
+         context.copyGraph = function () {
+           return _copyGraph;
+         };
 
-         if ( Set$$1 ) HashSet.__proto__ = Set$$1;
-         HashSet.prototype = Object.create( Set$$1 && Set$$1.prototype );
-         HashSet.prototype.constructor = HashSet;
+         var _copyIDs = [];
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         HashSet.prototype.contains = function contains (o) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         context.copyIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _copyIDs;
+           _copyIDs = val;
+           _copyGraph = _history.graph();
+           return context;
+         };
 
-           for (var i = 0, len = this.array_.length; i < len; i++) {
-             var e = this$1.array_[i];
-             if (e === o) {
-               return true
-             }
-           }
-           return false
+         var _copyLonLat;
+
+         context.copyLonLat = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _copyLonLat;
+           _copyLonLat = val;
+           return context;
          };
+         /* Background */
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         HashSet.prototype.add = function add (o) {
-           if (this.contains(o)) {
-             return false
-           }
 
-           this.array_.push(o);
+         var _background;
 
-           return true
+         context.background = function () {
+           return _background;
          };
+         /* Features */
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         HashSet.prototype.addAll = function addAll (c) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-           for (var i = c.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             this$1.add(i.next());
-           }
-           return true
+         var _features;
+
+         context.features = function () {
+           return _features;
          };
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         HashSet.prototype.remove = function remove (o) {
-           // throw new javascript.util.OperationNotSupported()
-           throw new Error()
+         context.hasHiddenConnections = function (id) {
+           var graph = _history.graph();
+
+           var entity = graph.entity(id);
+           return _features.hasHiddenConnections(entity, graph);
          };
+         /* Photos */
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         HashSet.prototype.size = function size () {
-           return this.array_.length
+
+         var _photos;
+
+         context.photos = function () {
+           return _photos;
          };
+         /* Map */
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         HashSet.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
-           return this.array_.length === 0
+
+         var _map;
+
+         context.map = function () {
+           return _map;
          };
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         HashSet.prototype.toArray = function toArray () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         context.layers = function () {
+           return _map.layers();
+         };
 
-           var array = [];
+         context.surface = function () {
+           return _map.surface;
+         };
 
-           for (var i = 0, len = this.array_.length; i < len; i++) {
-             array.push(this$1.array_[i]);
-           }
+         context.editableDataEnabled = function () {
+           return _map.editableDataEnabled();
+         };
 
-           return array
+         context.surfaceRect = function () {
+           return _map.surface.node().getBoundingClientRect();
          };
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         HashSet.prototype.iterator = function iterator () {
-           return new Iterator_$1(this)
+         context.editable = function () {
+           // don't allow editing during save
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           if (!mode || mode.id === 'save') return false;
+           return _map.editableDataEnabled();
          };
+         /* Debug */
 
-         return HashSet;
-       }(Set$2));
 
-       /**
-          * @extends {Iterator}
-          * @param {HashSet} hashSet
-          * @constructor
-          * @private
-          */
-       var Iterator_$1 = (function (Iterator$$1) {
-         function Iterator_ (hashSet) {
-           Iterator$$1.call(this);
-           /**
-            * @type {HashSet}
-            * @private
-            */
-           this.hashSet_ = hashSet;
-           /**
-            * @type {number}
-            * @private
-            */
-           this.position_ = 0;
-         }
+         var _debugFlags = {
+           tile: false,
+           // tile boundaries
+           collision: false,
+           // label collision bounding boxes
+           imagery: false,
+           // imagery bounding polygons
+           target: false,
+           // touch targets
+           downloaded: false // downloaded data from osm
 
-         if ( Iterator$$1 ) Iterator_.__proto__ = Iterator$$1;
-         Iterator_.prototype = Object.create( Iterator$$1 && Iterator$$1.prototype );
-         Iterator_.prototype.constructor = Iterator_;
+         };
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         Iterator_.prototype.next = function next () {
-           if (this.position_ === this.hashSet_.size()) {
-             throw new NoSuchElementException()
-           }
-           return this.hashSet_.array_[this.position_++]
+         context.debugFlags = function () {
+           return _debugFlags;
          };
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         Iterator_.prototype.hasNext = function hasNext () {
-           if (this.position_ < this.hashSet_.size()) {
-             return true
-           } else {
-             return false
-           }
+         context.getDebug = function (flag) {
+           return flag && _debugFlags[flag];
          };
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         Iterator_.prototype.remove = function remove () {
-           throw new OperationNotSupported()
+         context.setDebug = function (flag, val) {
+           if (arguments.length === 1) val = true;
+           _debugFlags[flag] = val;
+           dispatch.call('change');
+           return context;
          };
+         /* Container */
 
-         return Iterator_;
-       }(Iterator$1));
 
-       var BLACK = 0;
-       var RED = 1;
-       function colorOf (p) { return (p === null ? BLACK : p.color) }
-       function parentOf (p) { return (p === null ? null : p.parent) }
-       function setColor (p, c) { if (p !== null) { p.color = c; } }
-       function leftOf (p) { return (p === null ? null : p.left) }
-       function rightOf (p) { return (p === null ? null : p.right) }
+         var _container = select(null);
 
-       /**
-        * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/TreeMap.html
-        *
-        * @extends {SortedMap}
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       function TreeMap () {
-         /**
-          * @type {Object}
-          * @private
-          */
-         this.root_ = null;
-         /**
-          * @type {number}
-          * @private
-         */
-         this.size_ = 0;
-       }
-       TreeMap.prototype = new SortedMap();
+         context.container = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _container;
+           _container = val;
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       TreeMap.prototype.get = function (key) {
-         var p = this.root_;
-         while (p !== null) {
-           var cmp = key['compareTo'](p.key);
-           if (cmp < 0) { p = p.left; }
-           else if (cmp > 0) { p = p.right; }
-           else { return p.value }
-         }
-         return null
-       };
+           _container.classed('ideditor', true);
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       TreeMap.prototype.put = function (key, value) {
-         if (this.root_ === null) {
-           this.root_ = {
-             key: key,
-             value: value,
-             left: null,
-             right: null,
-             parent: null,
-             color: BLACK,
-             getValue: function getValue () { return this.value },
-             getKey: function getKey () { return this.key }
-           };
-           this.size_ = 1;
-           return null
-         }
-         var t = this.root_;
-         var parent;
-         var cmp;
-         do {
-           parent = t;
-           cmp = key['compareTo'](t.key);
-           if (cmp < 0) {
-             t = t.left;
-           } else if (cmp > 0) {
-             t = t.right;
-           } else {
-             var oldValue = t.value;
-             t.value = value;
-             return oldValue
-           }
-         } while (t !== null)
-         var e = {
-           key: key,
-           left: null,
-           right: null,
-           value: value,
-           parent: parent,
-           color: BLACK,
-           getValue: function getValue () { return this.value },
-           getKey: function getKey () { return this.key }
+           return context;
          };
-         if (cmp < 0) {
-           parent.left = e;
-         } else {
-           parent.right = e;
-         }
-         this.fixAfterInsertion(e);
-         this.size_++;
-         return null
-       };
 
-       /**
-        * @param {Object} x
-        */
-       TreeMap.prototype.fixAfterInsertion = function (x) {
-         var this$1 = this;
-
-         x.color = RED;
-         while (x != null && x !== this.root_ && x.parent.color === RED) {
-           if (parentOf(x) === leftOf(parentOf(parentOf(x)))) {
-             var y = rightOf(parentOf(parentOf(x)));
-             if (colorOf(y) === RED) {
-               setColor(parentOf(x), BLACK);
-               setColor(y, BLACK);
-               setColor(parentOf(parentOf(x)), RED);
-               x = parentOf(parentOf(x));
-             } else {
-               if (x === rightOf(parentOf(x))) {
-                 x = parentOf(x);
-                 this$1.rotateLeft(x);
-               }
-               setColor(parentOf(x), BLACK);
-               setColor(parentOf(parentOf(x)), RED);
-               this$1.rotateRight(parentOf(parentOf(x)));
-             }
-           } else {
-             var y$1 = leftOf(parentOf(parentOf(x)));
-             if (colorOf(y$1) === RED) {
-               setColor(parentOf(x), BLACK);
-               setColor(y$1, BLACK);
-               setColor(parentOf(parentOf(x)), RED);
-               x = parentOf(parentOf(x));
-             } else {
-               if (x === leftOf(parentOf(x))) {
-                 x = parentOf(x);
-                 this$1.rotateRight(x);
-               }
-               setColor(parentOf(x), BLACK);
-               setColor(parentOf(parentOf(x)), RED);
-               this$1.rotateLeft(parentOf(parentOf(x)));
-             }
-           }
-         }
-         this.root_.color = BLACK;
-       };
+         context.containerNode = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return context.container().node();
+           context.container(select(val));
+           return context;
+         };
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       TreeMap.prototype.values = function () {
-         var arrayList = new ArrayList();
-         var p = this.getFirstEntry();
-         if (p !== null) {
-           arrayList.add(p.value);
-           while ((p = TreeMap.successor(p)) !== null) {
-             arrayList.add(p.value);
-           }
-         }
-         return arrayList
-       };
+         var _embed;
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       TreeMap.prototype.entrySet = function () {
-         var hashSet = new HashSet();
-         var p = this.getFirstEntry();
-         if (p !== null) {
-           hashSet.add(p);
-           while ((p = TreeMap.successor(p)) !== null) {
-             hashSet.add(p);
-           }
-         }
-         return hashSet
-       };
+         context.embed = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _embed;
+           _embed = val;
+           return context;
+         };
+         /* Assets */
 
-       /**
-        * @param {Object} p
-        */
-       TreeMap.prototype.rotateLeft = function (p) {
-         if (p != null) {
-           var r = p.right;
-           p.right = r.left;
-           if (r.left != null) { r.left.parent = p; }
-           r.parent = p.parent;
-           if (p.parent === null) { this.root_ = r; } else if (p.parent.left === p) { p.parent.left = r; } else { p.parent.right = r; }
-           r.left = p;
-           p.parent = r;
-         }
-       };
 
-       /**
-        * @param {Object} p
-        */
-       TreeMap.prototype.rotateRight = function (p) {
-         if (p != null) {
-           var l = p.left;
-           p.left = l.right;
-           if (l.right != null) { l.right.parent = p; }
-           l.parent = p.parent;
-           if (p.parent === null) { this.root_ = l; } else if (p.parent.right === p) { p.parent.right = l; } else { p.parent.left = l; }
-           l.right = p;
-           p.parent = l;
-         }
-       };
+         var _assetPath = '';
 
-       /**
-        * @return {Object}
-        */
-       TreeMap.prototype.getFirstEntry = function () {
-         var p = this.root_;
-         if (p != null) {
-           while (p.left != null) {
-             p = p.left;
-           }
-         }
-         return p
-       };
+         context.assetPath = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _assetPath;
+           _assetPath = val;
+           _mainFileFetcher.assetPath(val);
+           return context;
+         };
 
-       /**
-        * @param {Object} t
-        * @return {Object}
-        * @private
-        */
-       TreeMap.successor = function (t) {
-         if (t === null) { return null } else if (t.right !== null) {
-           var p = t.right;
-           while (p.left !== null) {
-             p = p.left;
-           }
-           return p
-         } else {
-           var p$1 = t.parent;
-           var ch = t;
-           while (p$1 !== null && ch === p$1.right) {
-             ch = p$1;
-             p$1 = p$1.parent;
-           }
-           return p$1
-         }
-       };
+         var _assetMap = {};
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       TreeMap.prototype.size = function () {
-         return this.size_
-       };
+         context.assetMap = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _assetMap;
+           _assetMap = val;
+           _mainFileFetcher.assetMap(val);
+           return context;
+         };
 
-       var Lineal = function Lineal () {};
+         context.asset = function (val) {
+           if (/^http(s)?:\/\//i.test(val)) return val;
+           var filename = _assetPath + val;
+           return _assetMap[filename] || filename;
+         };
 
-       Lineal.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       Lineal.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Lineal
-       };
+         context.imagePath = function (val) {
+           return context.asset("img/".concat(val));
+         };
+         /* reset (aka flush) */
 
-       /**
-        * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/SortedSet.html
-        *
-        * @extends {Set}
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       function SortedSet () {}
-       SortedSet.prototype = new Set$2();
 
-       // import Iterator from './Iterator'
-       /**
-        * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/TreeSet.html
-        *
-        * @extends {SortedSet}
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       function TreeSet () {
-         /**
-          * @type {Array}
-          * @private
-         */
-         this.array_ = [];
+         context.reset = context.flush = function () {
+           context.debouncedSave.cancel();
+           Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function (handle) {
+             window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
 
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof Collection) {
-           this.addAll(arguments[0]);
-         }
-       }
-       TreeSet.prototype = new SortedSet();
+             _deferred["delete"](handle);
+           });
+           Object.values(services).forEach(function (service) {
+             if (service && typeof service.reset === 'function') {
+               service.reset(context);
+             }
+           });
+           context.changeset = null;
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       TreeSet.prototype.contains = function (o) {
-         var this$1 = this;
+           _validator.reset();
 
-         for (var i = 0, len = this.array_.length; i < len; i++) {
-           var e = this$1.array_[i];
-           if (e['compareTo'](o) === 0) {
-             return true
-           }
-         }
-         return false
-       };
+           _features.reset();
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       TreeSet.prototype.add = function (o) {
-         var this$1 = this;
+           _history.reset();
 
-         if (this.contains(o)) {
-           return false
-         }
+           _uploader.reset(); // don't leave stale state in the inspector
 
-         for (var i = 0, len = this.array_.length; i < len; i++) {
-           var e = this$1.array_[i];
-           if (e['compareTo'](o) === 1) {
-             this$1.array_.splice(i, 0, o);
-             return true
-           }
-         }
 
-         this.array_.push(o);
+           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap *').remove();
+           return context;
+         };
+         /* Projections */
 
-         return true
-       };
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       TreeSet.prototype.addAll = function (c) {
-         var this$1 = this;
+         context.projection = geoRawMercator();
+         context.curtainProjection = geoRawMercator();
+         /* Init */
 
-         for (var i = c.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           this$1.add(i.next());
-         }
-         return true
-       };
+         context.init = function () {
+           instantiateInternal();
+           initializeDependents();
+           return context; // Load variables and properties. No property of `context` should be accessed
+           // until this is complete since load statuses are indeterminate. The order
+           // of instantiation shouldn't matter.
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       TreeSet.prototype.remove = function (e) {
-         throw new OperationNotSupported()
-       };
+           function instantiateInternal() {
+             _history = coreHistory(context);
+             context.graph = _history.graph;
+             context.pauseChangeDispatch = _history.pauseChangeDispatch;
+             context.resumeChangeDispatch = _history.resumeChangeDispatch;
+             context.perform = withDebouncedSave(_history.perform);
+             context.replace = withDebouncedSave(_history.replace);
+             context.pop = withDebouncedSave(_history.pop);
+             context.overwrite = withDebouncedSave(_history.overwrite);
+             context.undo = withDebouncedSave(_history.undo);
+             context.redo = withDebouncedSave(_history.redo);
+             _validator = coreValidator(context);
+             _uploader = coreUploader(context);
+             _background = rendererBackground(context);
+             _features = rendererFeatures(context);
+             _map = rendererMap(context);
+             _photos = rendererPhotos(context);
+             _ui = uiInit(context);
+           } // Set up objects that might need to access properties of `context`. The order
+           // might matter if dependents make calls to each other. Be wary of async calls.
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       TreeSet.prototype.size = function () {
-         return this.array_.length
-       };
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       TreeSet.prototype.isEmpty = function () {
-         return this.array_.length === 0
-       };
+           function initializeDependents() {
+             if (context.initialHashParams.presets) {
+               _mainPresetIndex.addablePresetIDs(new Set(context.initialHashParams.presets.split(',')));
+             }
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       TreeSet.prototype.toArray = function () {
-         var this$1 = this;
+             if (context.initialHashParams.locale) {
+               _mainLocalizer.preferredLocaleCodes(context.initialHashParams.locale);
+             } // kick off some async work
 
-         var array = [];
 
-         for (var i = 0, len = this.array_.length; i < len; i++) {
-           array.push(this$1.array_[i]);
-         }
+             _mainLocalizer.ensureLoaded();
 
-         return array
-       };
+             _background.ensureLoaded();
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       TreeSet.prototype.iterator = function () {
-         return new Iterator_$2(this)
-       };
+             _mainPresetIndex.ensureLoaded();
+             Object.values(services).forEach(function (service) {
+               if (service && typeof service.init === 'function') {
+                 service.init();
+               }
+             });
 
-       /**
-        * @extends {javascript.util.Iterator}
-        * @param {javascript.util.TreeSet} treeSet
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       var Iterator_$2 = function (treeSet) {
-         /**
-          * @type {javascript.util.TreeSet}
-          * @private
-          */
-         this.treeSet_ = treeSet;
-         /**
-          * @type {number}
-          * @private
-          */
-         this.position_ = 0;
-       };
+             _map.init();
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       Iterator_$2.prototype.next = function () {
-         if (this.position_ === this.treeSet_.size()) {
-           throw new NoSuchElementException()
-         }
-         return this.treeSet_.array_[this.position_++]
-       };
+             _validator.init();
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       Iterator_$2.prototype.hasNext = function () {
-         if (this.position_ < this.treeSet_.size()) {
-           return true
-         } else {
-           return false
-         }
-       };
+             _features.init();
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       Iterator_$2.prototype.remove = function () {
-         throw new OperationNotSupported()
-       };
+             if (services.maprules && context.initialHashParams.maprules) {
+               d3_json(context.initialHashParams.maprules).then(function (mapcss) {
+                 services.maprules.init();
+                 mapcss.forEach(function (mapcssSelector) {
+                   return services.maprules.addRule(mapcssSelector);
+                 });
+               })["catch"](function () {
+                 /* ignore */
+               });
+             } // if the container isn't available, e.g. when testing, don't load the UI
 
-       /**
-        * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Arrays.html
-        *
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       var Arrays = function Arrays () {};
 
-       Arrays.sort = function sort () {
-         var a = arguments[0];
-         var i;
-         var t;
-         var comparator;
-         var compare;
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           compare = function (a, b) {
-             return a.compareTo(b)
-           };
-           a.sort(compare);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           comparator = arguments[1];
-           compare = function (a, b) {
-             return comparator['compare'](a, b)
-           };
-           a.sort(compare);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           t = a.slice(arguments[1], arguments[2]);
-           t.sort();
-           var r = a.slice(0, arguments[1]).concat(t, a.slice(arguments[2], a.length));
-           a.splice(0, a.length);
-           for (i = 0; i < r.length; i++) {
-             a.push(r[i]);
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
-           t = a.slice(arguments[1], arguments[2]);
-           comparator = arguments[3];
-           compare = function (a, b) {
-             return comparator['compare'](a, b)
-           };
-           t.sort(compare);
-           r = a.slice(0, arguments[1]).concat(t, a.slice(arguments[2], a.length));
-           a.splice(0, a.length);
-           for (i = 0; i < r.length; i++) {
-             a.push(r[i]);
+             if (!context.container().empty()) {
+               _ui.ensureLoaded().then(function () {
+                 _photos.init();
+               });
+             }
            }
-         }
-       };
-       /**
-        * @param {Array} array
-        * @return {ArrayList}
-        */
-       Arrays.asList = function asList (array) {
-         var arrayList = new ArrayList();
-         for (var i = 0, len = array.length; i < len; i++) {
-           arrayList.add(array[i]);
-         }
-         return arrayList
-       };
-
-       var Dimension = function Dimension () {};
-
-       var staticAccessors$14 = { P: { configurable: true },L: { configurable: true },A: { configurable: true },FALSE: { configurable: true },TRUE: { configurable: true },DONTCARE: { configurable: true },SYM_FALSE: { configurable: true },SYM_TRUE: { configurable: true },SYM_DONTCARE: { configurable: true },SYM_P: { configurable: true },SYM_L: { configurable: true },SYM_A: { configurable: true } };
-
-       staticAccessors$14.P.get = function () { return 0 };
-       staticAccessors$14.L.get = function () { return 1 };
-       staticAccessors$14.A.get = function () { return 2 };
-       staticAccessors$14.FALSE.get = function () { return -1 };
-       staticAccessors$14.TRUE.get = function () { return -2 };
-       staticAccessors$14.DONTCARE.get = function () { return -3 };
-       staticAccessors$14.SYM_FALSE.get = function () { return 'F' };
-       staticAccessors$14.SYM_TRUE.get = function () { return 'T' };
-       staticAccessors$14.SYM_DONTCARE.get = function () { return '*' };
-       staticAccessors$14.SYM_P.get = function () { return '0' };
-       staticAccessors$14.SYM_L.get = function () { return '1' };
-       staticAccessors$14.SYM_A.get = function () { return '2' };
-
-       Dimension.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       Dimension.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Dimension
-       };
-       Dimension.toDimensionSymbol = function toDimensionSymbol (dimensionValue) {
-         switch (dimensionValue) {
-           case Dimension.FALSE:
-             return Dimension.SYM_FALSE
-           case Dimension.TRUE:
-             return Dimension.SYM_TRUE
-           case Dimension.DONTCARE:
-             return Dimension.SYM_DONTCARE
-           case Dimension.P:
-             return Dimension.SYM_P
-           case Dimension.L:
-             return Dimension.SYM_L
-           case Dimension.A:
-             return Dimension.SYM_A
-         }
-         throw new IllegalArgumentException('Unknown dimension value: ' + dimensionValue)
-       };
-       Dimension.toDimensionValue = function toDimensionValue (dimensionSymbol) {
-         switch (Character.toUpperCase(dimensionSymbol)) {
-           case Dimension.SYM_FALSE:
-             return Dimension.FALSE
-           case Dimension.SYM_TRUE:
-             return Dimension.TRUE
-           case Dimension.SYM_DONTCARE:
-             return Dimension.DONTCARE
-           case Dimension.SYM_P:
-             return Dimension.P
-           case Dimension.SYM_L:
-             return Dimension.L
-           case Dimension.SYM_A:
-             return Dimension.A
-         }
-         throw new IllegalArgumentException('Unknown dimension symbol: ' + dimensionSymbol)
-       };
+         };
 
-       Object.defineProperties( Dimension, staticAccessors$14 );
+         return context;
+       }
 
-       var GeometryFilter = function GeometryFilter () {};
+       // NSI contains the most correct tagging for many commonly mapped features.
+       // See https://github.com/osmlab/name-suggestion-index  and  https://nsi.guide
+       // DATA
 
-       GeometryFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (geom) {};
-       GeometryFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       GeometryFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return GeometryFilter
-       };
+       var _nsiStatus = 'loading'; // 'loading', 'ok', 'failed'
 
-       var CoordinateSequenceFilter = function CoordinateSequenceFilter () {};
+       var _nsi = {}; // Sometimes we can upgrade a feature tagged like `building=yes` to a better tag.
 
-       CoordinateSequenceFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (seq, i) {};
-       CoordinateSequenceFilter.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {};
-       CoordinateSequenceFilter.prototype.isGeometryChanged = function isGeometryChanged () {};
-       CoordinateSequenceFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       CoordinateSequenceFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return CoordinateSequenceFilter
-       };
+       var buildingPreset = {
+         'building/commercial': true,
+         'building/government': true,
+         'building/hotel': true,
+         'building/retail': true,
+         'building/office': true,
+         'building/supermarket': true,
+         'building/yes': true
+       }; // Exceptions to the namelike regexes.
+       // Usually a tag suffix contains a language code like `name:en`, `name:ru`
+       // but we want to exclude things like `operator:type`, `name:etymology`, etc..
 
-       var GeometryCollection = (function (Geometry$$1) {
-         function GeometryCollection (geometries, factory) {
-           Geometry$$1.call(this, factory);
-           this._geometries = geometries || [];
+       var notNames = /:(colou?r|type|forward|backward|left|right|etymology|pronunciation|wikipedia)$/i; // Exceptions to the branchlike regexes
 
-           if (Geometry$$1.hasNullElements(this._geometries)) {
-             throw new IllegalArgumentException('geometries must not contain null elements')
-           }
-         }
+       var notBranches = /(coop|express|wireless|factory|outlet)/i; // PRIVATE FUNCTIONS
+       // `setNsiSources()`
+       // Adds the sources to iD's filemap so we can start downloading data.
+       //
 
-         if ( Geometry$$1 ) GeometryCollection.__proto__ = Geometry$$1;
-         GeometryCollection.prototype = Object.create( Geometry$$1 && Geometry$$1.prototype );
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.constructor = GeometryCollection;
+       function setNsiSources() {
+         var nsiVersion = packageJSON.devDependencies['name-suggestion-index'];
+         var v = parseVersion(nsiVersion);
+         var vMinor = "".concat(v.major, ".").concat(v.minor);
+         var sources = {
+           'nsi_data': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/nsi.min.json"),
+           'nsi_dissolved': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/dissolved.min.json"),
+           'nsi_features': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/featureCollection.min.json"),
+           'nsi_generics': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/genericWords.min.json"),
+           'nsi_presets': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/presets/nsi-id-presets.min.json"),
+           'nsi_replacements': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/replacements.min.json"),
+           'nsi_trees': "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@".concat(vMinor, "/dist/trees.min.json")
+         };
+         var fileMap = _mainFileFetcher.fileMap();
+
+         for (var k in sources) {
+           if (!fileMap[k]) fileMap[k] = sources[k];
+         }
+       } // `loadNsiPresets()`
+       //  Returns a Promise fulfilled when the presets have been downloaded and merged into iD.
+       //
 
-         var staticAccessors = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.computeEnvelopeInternal = function computeEnvelopeInternal () {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-           var envelope = new Envelope();
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-             envelope.expandToInclude(this$1._geometries[i].getEnvelopeInternal());
-           }
-           return envelope
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.getGeometryN = function getGeometryN (n) {
-           return this._geometries[n]
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.getSortIndex = function getSortIndex () {
-           return Geometry$$1.SORTINDEX_GEOMETRYCOLLECTION
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+       function loadNsiPresets() {
+         return Promise.all([_mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_presets'), _mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_features')]).then(function (vals) {
+           // Add `suggestion=true` to all the nsi presets
+           // The preset json schema doesn't include it, but the iD code still uses it
+           Object.values(vals[0].presets).forEach(function (preset) {
+             return preset.suggestion = true;
+           });
+           _mainPresetIndex.merge({
+             presets: vals[0].presets,
+             featureCollection: vals[1]
+           });
+         });
+       } // `loadNsiData()`
+       //  Returns a Promise fulfilled when the other data have been downloaded and processed
+       //
 
-           var coordinates = new Array(this.getNumPoints()).fill(null);
-           var k = -1;
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-             var childCoordinates = this$1._geometries[i].getCoordinates();
-             for (var j = 0; j < childCoordinates.length; j++) {
-               k++;
-               coordinates[k] = childCoordinates[j];
-             }
-           }
-           return coordinates
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.getArea = function getArea () {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-           var area = 0.0;
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-             area += this$1._geometries[i].getArea();
-           }
-           return area
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.equalsExact = function equalsExact () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+       function loadNsiData() {
+         return Promise.all([_mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_data'), _mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_dissolved'), _mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_replacements'), _mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_trees')]).then(function (vals) {
+           _nsi = {
+             data: vals[0].nsi,
+             // the raw name-suggestion-index data
+             dissolved: vals[1].dissolved,
+             // list of dissolved items
+             replacements: vals[2].replacements,
+             // trivial old->new qid replacements
+             trees: vals[3].trees,
+             // metadata about trees, main tags
+             kvt: new Map(),
+             // Map (k -> Map (v -> t) )
+             qids: new Map(),
+             // Map (wd/wp tag values -> qids)
+             ids: new Map() // Map (id -> NSI item)
 
-           if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var other = arguments[0];
-             var tolerance = arguments[1];
-             if (!this.isEquivalentClass(other)) {
-               return false
-             }
-             var otherCollection = other;
-             if (this._geometries.length !== otherCollection._geometries.length) {
-               return false
-             }
-             for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-               if (!this$1._geometries[i].equalsExact(otherCollection._geometries[i], tolerance)) {
-                 return false
-               }
-             }
-             return true
-           } else { return Geometry$$1.prototype.equalsExact.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.normalize = function normalize () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           };
+           _nsi.matcher = new Matcher();
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-             this$1._geometries[i].normalize();
-           }
-           Arrays.sort(this._geometries);
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-           if (this.isEmpty()) { return null }
-           return this._geometries[0].getCoordinate()
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.getBoundaryDimension = function getBoundaryDimension () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           _nsi.matcher.buildMatchIndex(_nsi.data);
 
-           var dimension = Dimension.FALSE;
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-             dimension = Math.max(dimension, this$1._geometries[i].getBoundaryDimension());
-           }
-           return dimension
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           _nsi.matcher.buildLocationIndex(_nsi.data, _mainLocations.loco());
 
-           var dimension = Dimension.FALSE;
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-             dimension = Math.max(dimension, this$1._geometries[i].getDimension());
-           }
-           return dimension
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.getLength = function getLength () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           Object.keys(_nsi.data).forEach(function (tkv) {
+             var category = _nsi.data[tkv];
+             var parts = tkv.split('/', 3); // tkv = "tree/key/value"
 
-           var sum = 0.0;
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-             sum += this$1._geometries[i].getLength();
-           }
-           return sum
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.getNumPoints = function getNumPoints () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             var t = parts[0];
+             var k = parts[1];
+             var v = parts[2]; // Build a reverse index of keys -> values -> trees present in the name-suggestion-index
+             // Collect primary keys  (e.g. "amenity", "craft", "shop", "man_made", "route", etc)
+             // "amenity": {
+             //   "restaurant": "brands"
+             // }
 
-           var numPoints = 0;
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-             numPoints += this$1._geometries[i].getNumPoints();
-           }
-           return numPoints
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.getNumGeometries = function getNumGeometries () {
-           return this._geometries.length
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.reverse = function reverse () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             var vmap = _nsi.kvt.get(k);
 
-           var n = this._geometries.length;
-           var revGeoms = new Array(n).fill(null);
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-             revGeoms[i] = this$1._geometries[i].reverse();
-           }
-           return this.getFactory().createGeometryCollection(revGeoms)
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.compareToSameClass = function compareToSameClass () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             if (!vmap) {
+               vmap = new Map();
 
-           if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var o = arguments[0];
-             var theseElements = new TreeSet(Arrays.asList(this._geometries));
-             var otherElements = new TreeSet(Arrays.asList(o._geometries));
-             return this.compare(theseElements, otherElements)
-           } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var o$1 = arguments[0];
-             var comp = arguments[1];
-             var gc = o$1;
-             var n1 = this.getNumGeometries();
-             var n2 = gc.getNumGeometries();
-             var i = 0;
-             while (i < n1 && i < n2) {
-               var thisGeom = this$1.getGeometryN(i);
-               var otherGeom = gc.getGeometryN(i);
-               var holeComp = thisGeom.compareToSameClass(otherGeom, comp);
-               if (holeComp !== 0) { return holeComp }
-               i++;
+               _nsi.kvt.set(k, vmap);
              }
-             if (i < n1) { return 1 }
-             if (i < n2) { return -1 }
-             return 0
-           }
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.apply = function apply () {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-           if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateFilter)) {
-             var filter = arguments[0];
-             for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-               this$1._geometries[i].apply(filter);
-             }
-           } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequenceFilter)) {
-             var filter$1 = arguments[0];
-             if (this._geometries.length === 0) { return null }
-             for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < this._geometries.length; i$1++) {
-               this$1._geometries[i$1].apply(filter$1);
-               if (filter$1.isDone()) {
-                 break
-               }
-             }
-             if (filter$1.isGeometryChanged()) { this.geometryChanged(); }
-           } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], GeometryFilter)) {
-             var filter$2 = arguments[0];
-             filter$2.filter(this);
-             for (var i$2 = 0; i$2 < this._geometries.length; i$2++) {
-               this$1._geometries[i$2].apply(filter$2);
-             }
-           } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], GeometryComponentFilter)) {
-             var filter$3 = arguments[0];
-             filter$3.filter(this);
-             for (var i$3 = 0; i$3 < this._geometries.length; i$3++) {
-               this$1._geometries[i$3].apply(filter$3);
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
-           this.checkNotGeometryCollection(this);
-           Assert.shouldNeverReachHere();
-           return null
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.clone = function clone () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             vmap.set(v, t);
+             var tree = _nsi.trees[t]; // e.g. "brands", "operators"
 
-           var gc = Geometry$$1.prototype.clone.call(this);
-           gc._geometries = new Array(this._geometries.length).fill(null);
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-             gc._geometries[i] = this$1._geometries[i].clone();
-           }
-           return gc
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.getGeometryType = function getGeometryType () {
-           return 'GeometryCollection'
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.copy = function copy () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             var mainTag = tree.mainTag; // e.g. "brand:wikidata", "operator:wikidata", etc
 
-           var geometries = new Array(this._geometries.length).fill(null);
-           for (var i = 0; i < geometries.length; i++) {
-             geometries[i] = this$1._geometries[i].copy();
-           }
-           return new GeometryCollection(geometries, this._factory)
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             var items = category.items || [];
+             items.forEach(function (item) {
+               // Remember some useful things for later, cache NSI id -> item
+               item.tkv = tkv;
+               item.mainTag = mainTag;
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-             if (!this$1._geometries[i].isEmpty()) {
-               return false
-             }
-           }
-           return true
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         GeometryCollection.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return GeometryCollection
-         };
-         staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -5694727726395021467 };
+               _nsi.ids.set(item.id, item); // Cache Wikidata/Wikipedia values -> qid, for #6416
 
-         Object.defineProperties( GeometryCollection, staticAccessors );
 
-         return GeometryCollection;
-       }(Geometry));
+               var wd = item.tags[mainTag];
+               var wp = item.tags[mainTag.replace('wikidata', 'wikipedia')];
+               if (wd) _nsi.qids.set(wd, wd);
+               if (wp && wd) _nsi.qids.set(wp, wd);
+             });
+           });
+         });
+       } // `gatherKVs()`
+       // Gather all the k/v pairs that we will run through the NSI matcher.
+       // An OSM tags object can contain anything, but only a few tags will be interesting to NSI.
+       //
+       // This function will return the interesting tag pairs like:
+       //   "amenity/restaurant", "man_made/flagpole"
+       // and fallbacks like
+       //   "amenity/yes"
+       // excluding things like
+       //   "tiger:reviewed", "surface", "ref", etc.
+       //
+       // Arguments
+       //   `tags`: `Object` containing the feature's OSM tags
+       // Returns
+       //   `Object` containing kv pairs to test:
+       //   {
+       //     'primary': Set(),
+       //     'alternate': Set()
+       //   }
+       //
 
-       var MultiLineString = (function (GeometryCollection$$1) {
-         function MultiLineString () {
-           GeometryCollection$$1.apply(this, arguments);
-         }
 
-         if ( GeometryCollection$$1 ) MultiLineString.__proto__ = GeometryCollection$$1;
-         MultiLineString.prototype = Object.create( GeometryCollection$$1 && GeometryCollection$$1.prototype );
-         MultiLineString.prototype.constructor = MultiLineString;
+       function gatherKVs(tags) {
+         var primary = new Set();
+         var alternate = new Set();
+         Object.keys(tags).forEach(function (osmkey) {
+           var osmvalue = tags[osmkey];
+           if (!osmvalue) return; // Match a 'route_master' as if it were a 'route' - name-suggestion-index#5184
 
-         var staticAccessors = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
+           if (osmkey === 'route_master') osmkey = 'route';
 
-         MultiLineString.prototype.getSortIndex = function getSortIndex () {
-           return Geometry.SORTINDEX_MULTILINESTRING
-         };
-         MultiLineString.prototype.equalsExact = function equalsExact () {
-           if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var other = arguments[0];
-             var tolerance = arguments[1];
-             if (!this.isEquivalentClass(other)) {
-               return false
-             }
-             return GeometryCollection$$1.prototype.equalsExact.call(this, other, tolerance)
-           } else { return GeometryCollection$$1.prototype.equalsExact.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         MultiLineString.prototype.getBoundaryDimension = function getBoundaryDimension () {
-           if (this.isClosed()) {
-             return Dimension.FALSE
-           }
-           return 0
-         };
-         MultiLineString.prototype.isClosed = function isClosed () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           var vmap = _nsi.kvt.get(osmkey);
 
-           if (this.isEmpty()) {
-             return false
-           }
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-             if (!this$1._geometries[i].isClosed()) {
-               return false
-             }
-           }
-           return true
-         };
-         MultiLineString.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {
-           return 1
-         };
-         MultiLineString.prototype.reverse = function reverse () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           if (!vmap) return; // not an interesting key
 
-           var nLines = this._geometries.length;
-           var revLines = new Array(nLines).fill(null);
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-             revLines[nLines - 1 - i] = this$1._geometries[i].reverse();
+           if (vmap.get(osmvalue)) {
+             // Matched a category in NSI
+             primary.add("".concat(osmkey, "/").concat(osmvalue)); // interesting key/value
+           } else if (osmvalue === 'yes') {
+             alternate.add("".concat(osmkey, "/").concat(osmvalue)); // fallback key/yes
            }
-           return this.getFactory().createMultiLineString(revLines)
-         };
-         MultiLineString.prototype.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
-           return new BoundaryOp(this).getBoundary()
-         };
-         MultiLineString.prototype.getGeometryType = function getGeometryType () {
-           return 'MultiLineString'
-         };
-         MultiLineString.prototype.copy = function copy () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         }); // Can we try a generic building fallback match? - See #6122, #7197
+         // Only try this if we do a preset match and find nothing else remarkable about that building.
+         // For example, a way with `building=yes` + `name=Westfield` may be a Westfield department store.
+         // But a way with `building=yes` + `name=Westfield` + `public_transport=station` is a train station for a town named "Westfield"
 
-           var lineStrings = new Array(this._geometries.length).fill(null);
-           for (var i = 0; i < lineStrings.length; i++) {
-             lineStrings[i] = this$1._geometries[i].copy();
-           }
-           return new MultiLineString(lineStrings, this._factory)
-         };
-         MultiLineString.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return [Lineal]
-         };
-         MultiLineString.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return MultiLineString
+         var preset = _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(tags, 'area');
+
+         if (buildingPreset[preset.id]) {
+           alternate.add('building/yes');
+         }
+
+         return {
+           primary: primary,
+           alternate: alternate
          };
-         staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 8166665132445433741 };
+       } // `identifyTree()`
+       // NSI has a concept of trees: "brands", "operators", "flags", "transit".
+       // The tree determines things like which tags are namelike, and which tags hold important wikidata.
+       // This takes an Object of tags and tries to identify what tree to use.
+       //
+       // Arguments
+       //   `tags`: `Object` containing the feature's OSM tags
+       // Returns
+       //   `string` the name of the tree if known
+       //   or 'unknown' if it could match several trees (e.g. amenity/yes)
+       //   or null if no match
+       //
 
-         Object.defineProperties( MultiLineString, staticAccessors );
 
-         return MultiLineString;
-       }(GeometryCollection));
+       function identifyTree(tags) {
+         var unknown;
+         var t; // Check all tags
 
-       var BoundaryOp = function BoundaryOp () {
-         this._geom = null;
-         this._geomFact = null;
-         this._bnRule = null;
-         this._endpointMap = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var geom = arguments[0];
-           var bnRule = BoundaryNodeRule.MOD2_BOUNDARY_RULE;
-           this._geom = geom;
-           this._geomFact = geom.getFactory();
-           this._bnRule = bnRule;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var geom$1 = arguments[0];
-           var bnRule$1 = arguments[1];
-           this._geom = geom$1;
-           this._geomFact = geom$1.getFactory();
-           this._bnRule = bnRule$1;
-         }
-       };
-       BoundaryOp.prototype.boundaryMultiLineString = function boundaryMultiLineString (mLine) {
-         if (this._geom.isEmpty()) {
-           return this.getEmptyMultiPoint()
-         }
-         var bdyPts = this.computeBoundaryCoordinates(mLine);
-         if (bdyPts.length === 1) {
-           return this._geomFact.createPoint(bdyPts[0])
-         }
-         return this._geomFact.createMultiPointFromCoords(bdyPts)
-       };
-       BoundaryOp.prototype.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
-         if (this._geom instanceof LineString) { return this.boundaryLineString(this._geom) }
-         if (this._geom instanceof MultiLineString) { return this.boundaryMultiLineString(this._geom) }
-         return this._geom.getBoundary()
-       };
-       BoundaryOp.prototype.boundaryLineString = function boundaryLineString (line) {
-         if (this._geom.isEmpty()) {
-           return this.getEmptyMultiPoint()
-         }
-         if (line.isClosed()) {
-           var closedEndpointOnBoundary = this._bnRule.isInBoundary(2);
-           if (closedEndpointOnBoundary) {
-             return line.getStartPoint()
+         Object.keys(tags).forEach(function (osmkey) {
+           if (t) return; // found already
+
+           var osmvalue = tags[osmkey];
+           if (!osmvalue) return; // Match a 'route_master' as if it were a 'route' - name-suggestion-index#5184
+
+           if (osmkey === 'route_master') osmkey = 'route';
+
+           var vmap = _nsi.kvt.get(osmkey);
+
+           if (!vmap) return; // this key is not in nsi
+
+           if (osmvalue === 'yes') {
+             unknown = 'unknown';
            } else {
-             return this._geomFact.createMultiPoint()
+             t = vmap.get(osmvalue);
            }
-         }
-         return this._geomFact.createMultiPoint([line.getStartPoint(), line.getEndPoint()])
-       };
-       BoundaryOp.prototype.getEmptyMultiPoint = function getEmptyMultiPoint () {
-         return this._geomFact.createMultiPoint()
-       };
-       BoundaryOp.prototype.computeBoundaryCoordinates = function computeBoundaryCoordinates (mLine) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         var bdyPts = new ArrayList();
-         this._endpointMap = new TreeMap();
-         for (var i = 0; i < mLine.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
-           var line = mLine.getGeometryN(i);
-           if (line.getNumPoints() === 0) { continue }
-           this$1.addEndpoint(line.getCoordinateN(0));
-           this$1.addEndpoint(line.getCoordinateN(line.getNumPoints() - 1));
-         }
-         for (var it = this._endpointMap.entrySet().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var entry = it.next();
-           var counter = entry.getValue();
-           var valence = counter.count;
-           if (this$1._bnRule.isInBoundary(valence)) {
-             bdyPts.add(entry.getKey());
-           }
-         }
-         return CoordinateArrays.toCoordinateArray(bdyPts)
-       };
-       BoundaryOp.prototype.addEndpoint = function addEndpoint (pt) {
-         var counter = this._endpointMap.get(pt);
-         if (counter === null) {
-           counter = new Counter();
-           this._endpointMap.put(pt, counter);
-         }
-         counter.count++;
-       };
-       BoundaryOp.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       BoundaryOp.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return BoundaryOp
-       };
-       BoundaryOp.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var g = arguments[0];
-           var bop = new BoundaryOp(g);
-           return bop.getBoundary()
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var g$1 = arguments[0];
-           var bnRule = arguments[1];
-           var bop$1 = new BoundaryOp(g$1, bnRule);
-           return bop$1.getBoundary()
-         }
-       };
+         });
+         return t || unknown || null;
+       } // `gatherNames()`
+       // Gather all the namelike values that we will run through the NSI matcher.
+       // It will gather values primarily from tags `name`, `name:ru`, `flag:name`
+       //  and fallback to alternate tags like `brand`, `brand:ru`, `alt_name`
+       //
+       // Arguments
+       //   `tags`: `Object` containing the feature's OSM tags
+       // Returns
+       //   `Object` containing namelike values to test:
+       //   {
+       //     'primary': Set(),
+       //     'fallbacks': Set()
+       //   }
+       //
+
+
+       function gatherNames(tags) {
+         var empty = {
+           primary: new Set(),
+           alternate: new Set()
+         };
+         var primary = new Set();
+         var alternate = new Set();
+         var foundSemi = false;
+         var testNameFragments = false;
+         var patterns; // Patterns for matching OSM keys that might contain namelike values.
+         // These roughly correspond to the "trees" concept in name-suggestion-index,
 
-       var Counter = function Counter () {
-         this.count = null;
-       };
-       Counter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       Counter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Counter
-       };
+         var t = identifyTree(tags);
+         if (!t) return empty;
 
-       // boundary
+         if (t === 'transit') {
+           patterns = {
+             primary: /^network$/i,
+             alternate: /^(operator|operator:\w+|network:\w+|\w+_name|\w+_name:\w+)$/i
+           };
+         } else if (t === 'flags') {
+           patterns = {
+             primary: /^(flag:name|flag:name:\w+)$/i,
+             alternate: /^(flag|flag:\w+|subject|subject:\w+)$/i // note: no `country`, we special-case it below
+
+           };
+         } else if (t === 'brands') {
+           testNameFragments = true;
+           patterns = {
+             primary: /^(name|name:\w+)$/i,
+             alternate: /^(brand|brand:\w+|operator|operator:\w+|\w+_name|\w+_name:\w+)/i
+           };
+         } else if (t === 'operators') {
+           testNameFragments = true;
+           patterns = {
+             primary: /^(name|name:\w+|operator|operator:\w+)$/i,
+             alternate: /^(brand|brand:\w+|\w+_name|\w+_name:\w+)/i
+           };
+         } else {
+           // unknown/multiple
+           testNameFragments = true;
+           patterns = {
+             primary: /^(name|name:\w+)$/i,
+             alternate: /^(brand|brand:\w+|network|network:\w+|operator|operator:\w+|\w+_name|\w+_name:\w+)/i
+           };
+         } // Test `name` fragments, longest to shortest, to fit them into a "Name Branch" pattern.
+         // e.g. "TUI ReiseCenter - Neuss Innenstadt" -> ["TUI", "ReiseCenter", "Neuss", "Innenstadt"]
 
-       function PrintStream () {}
 
-       function StringReader () {}
+         if (tags.name && testNameFragments) {
+           var nameParts = tags.name.split(/[\s\-\/,.]/);
 
-       var DecimalFormat = function DecimalFormat () {};
+           for (var split = nameParts.length; split > 0; split--) {
+             var name = nameParts.slice(0, split).join(' '); // e.g. "TUI ReiseCenter"
 
-       function ByteArrayOutputStream () {}
+             primary.add(name);
+           }
+         } // Check all tags
 
-       function IOException () {}
 
-       function LineNumberReader () {}
+         Object.keys(tags).forEach(function (osmkey) {
+           var osmvalue = tags[osmkey];
+           if (!osmvalue) return;
 
-       var StringUtil = function StringUtil () {};
+           if (isNamelike(osmkey, 'primary')) {
+             if (/;/.test(osmvalue)) {
+               foundSemi = true;
+             } else {
+               primary.add(osmvalue);
+               alternate["delete"](osmvalue);
+             }
+           } else if (!primary.has(osmvalue) && isNamelike(osmkey, 'alternate')) {
+             if (/;/.test(osmvalue)) {
+               foundSemi = true;
+             } else {
+               alternate.add(osmvalue);
+             }
+           }
+         }); // For flags only, fallback to `country` tag only if no other namelike values were found.
+         // See https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/pull/8305#issuecomment-769174070
 
-       var staticAccessors$15 = { NEWLINE: { configurable: true },SIMPLE_ORDINATE_FORMAT: { configurable: true } };
+         if (tags.man_made === 'flagpole' && !primary.size && !alternate.size && !!tags.country) {
+           var osmvalue = tags.country;
 
-       StringUtil.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       StringUtil.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return StringUtil
-       };
-       StringUtil.chars = function chars (c, n) {
-         var ch = new Array(n).fill(null);
-         for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-           ch[i] = c;
-         }
-         return String(ch)
-       };
-       StringUtil.getStackTrace = function getStackTrace () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var t = arguments[0];
-           var os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
-           var ps = new PrintStream(os);
-           t.printStackTrace(ps);
-           return os.toString()
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var t$1 = arguments[0];
-           var depth = arguments[1];
-           var stackTrace = '';
-           var stringReader = new StringReader(StringUtil.getStackTrace(t$1));
-           var lineNumberReader = new LineNumberReader(stringReader);
-           for (var i = 0; i < depth; i++) {
-             try {
-               stackTrace += lineNumberReader.readLine() + StringUtil.NEWLINE;
-             } catch (e) {
-               if (e instanceof IOException) {
-                 Assert.shouldNeverReachHere();
-               } else { throw e }
-             } finally {}
+           if (/;/.test(osmvalue)) {
+             foundSemi = true;
+           } else {
+             alternate.add(osmvalue);
            }
-           return stackTrace
+         } // If any namelike value contained a semicolon, return empty set and don't try matching anything.
+
+
+         if (foundSemi) {
+           return empty;
+         } else {
+           return {
+             primary: primary,
+             alternate: alternate
+           };
          }
-       };
-       StringUtil.split = function split (s, separator) {
-         var separatorlen = separator.length;
-         var tokenList = new ArrayList();
-         var tmpString = '' + s;
-         var pos = tmpString.indexOf(separator);
-         while (pos >= 0) {
-           var token = tmpString.substring(0, pos);
-           tokenList.add(token);
-           tmpString = tmpString.substring(pos + separatorlen);
-           pos = tmpString.indexOf(separator);
-         }
-         if (tmpString.length > 0) { tokenList.add(tmpString); }
-         var res = new Array(tokenList.size()).fill(null);
-         for (var i = 0; i < res.length; i++) {
-           res[i] = tokenList.get(i);
-         }
-         return res
-       };
-       StringUtil.toString = function toString () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var d = arguments[0];
-           return StringUtil.SIMPLE_ORDINATE_FORMAT.format(d)
+
+         function isNamelike(osmkey, which) {
+           if (osmkey === 'old_name') return false;
+           return patterns[which].test(osmkey) && !notNames.test(osmkey);
          }
-       };
-       StringUtil.spaces = function spaces (n) {
-         return StringUtil.chars(' ', n)
-       };
-       staticAccessors$15.NEWLINE.get = function () { return System.getProperty('line.separator') };
-       staticAccessors$15.SIMPLE_ORDINATE_FORMAT.get = function () { return new DecimalFormat('0.#') };
+       } // `gatherTuples()`
+       // Generate all combinations of [key,value,name] that we want to test.
+       // This prioritizes them so that the primary name and k/v pairs go first
+       //
+       // Arguments
+       //   `tryKVs`: `Object` containing primary and alternate k/v pairs to test
+       //   `tryNames`: `Object` containing primary and alternate names to test
+       // Returns
+       //   `Array`: tuple objects ordered by priority
+       //
 
-       Object.defineProperties( StringUtil, staticAccessors$15 );
 
-       var CoordinateSequences = function CoordinateSequences () {};
+       function gatherTuples(tryKVs, tryNames) {
+         var tuples = [];
+         ['primary', 'alternate'].forEach(function (whichName) {
+           // test names longest to shortest
+           var arr = Array.from(tryNames[whichName]).sort(function (a, b) {
+             return b.length - a.length;
+           });
+           arr.forEach(function (n) {
+             ['primary', 'alternate'].forEach(function (whichKV) {
+               tryKVs[whichKV].forEach(function (kv) {
+                 var parts = kv.split('/', 2);
+                 var k = parts[0];
+                 var v = parts[1];
+                 tuples.push({
+                   k: k,
+                   v: v,
+                   n: n
+                 });
+               });
+             });
+           });
+         });
+         return tuples;
+       } // `_upgradeTags()`
+       // Try to match a feature to a canonical record in name-suggestion-index
+       // and upgrade the tags to match.
+       //
+       // Arguments
+       //   `tags`: `Object` containing the feature's OSM tags
+       //   `loc`: Location where this feature exists, as a [lon, lat]
+       // Returns
+       //   `Object` containing the result, or `null` if no changes needed:
+       //   {
+       //     'newTags': `Object` - The tags the the feature should have
+       //     'matched': `Object` - The matched item
+       //   }
+       //
 
-       CoordinateSequences.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       CoordinateSequences.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return CoordinateSequences
-       };
-       CoordinateSequences.copyCoord = function copyCoord (src, srcPos, dest, destPos) {
-         var minDim = Math.min(src.getDimension(), dest.getDimension());
-         for (var dim = 0; dim < minDim; dim++) {
-           dest.setOrdinate(destPos, dim, src.getOrdinate(srcPos, dim));
-         }
-       };
-       CoordinateSequences.isRing = function isRing (seq) {
-         var n = seq.size();
-         if (n === 0) { return true }
-         if (n <= 3) { return false }
-         return seq.getOrdinate(0, CoordinateSequence.X) === seq.getOrdinate(n - 1, CoordinateSequence.X) && seq.getOrdinate(0, CoordinateSequence.Y) === seq.getOrdinate(n - 1, CoordinateSequence.Y)
-       };
-       CoordinateSequences.isEqual = function isEqual (cs1, cs2) {
-         var cs1Size = cs1.size();
-         var cs2Size = cs2.size();
-         if (cs1Size !== cs2Size) { return false }
-         var dim = Math.min(cs1.getDimension(), cs2.getDimension());
-         for (var i = 0; i < cs1Size; i++) {
-           for (var d = 0; d < dim; d++) {
-             var v1 = cs1.getOrdinate(i, d);
-             var v2 = cs2.getOrdinate(i, d);
-             if (cs1.getOrdinate(i, d) === cs2.getOrdinate(i, d)) { continue }
-             if (Double.isNaN(v1) && Double.isNaN(v2)) { continue }
-             return false
-           }
-         }
-         return true
-       };
-       CoordinateSequences.extend = function extend (fact, seq, size) {
-         var newseq = fact.create(size, seq.getDimension());
-         var n = seq.size();
-         CoordinateSequences.copy(seq, 0, newseq, 0, n);
-         if (n > 0) {
-           for (var i = n; i < size; i++) { CoordinateSequences.copy(seq, n - 1, newseq, i, 1); }
-         }
-         return newseq
-       };
-       CoordinateSequences.reverse = function reverse (seq) {
-         var last = seq.size() - 1;
-         var mid = Math.trunc(last / 2);
-         for (var i = 0; i <= mid; i++) {
-           CoordinateSequences.swap(seq, i, last - i);
-         }
-       };
-       CoordinateSequences.swap = function swap (seq, i, j) {
-         if (i === j) { return null }
-         for (var dim = 0; dim < seq.getDimension(); dim++) {
-           var tmp = seq.getOrdinate(i, dim);
-           seq.setOrdinate(i, dim, seq.getOrdinate(j, dim));
-           seq.setOrdinate(j, dim, tmp);
-         }
-       };
-       CoordinateSequences.copy = function copy (src, srcPos, dest, destPos, length) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-           CoordinateSequences.copyCoord(src, srcPos + i, dest, destPos + i);
-         }
-       };
-       CoordinateSequences.toString = function toString () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var cs = arguments[0];
-           var size = cs.size();
-           if (size === 0) { return '()' }
-           var dim = cs.getDimension();
-           var buf = new StringBuffer();
-           buf.append('(');
-           for (var i = 0; i < size; i++) {
-             if (i > 0) { buf.append(' '); }
-             for (var d = 0; d < dim; d++) {
-               if (d > 0) { buf.append(','); }
-               buf.append(StringUtil.toString(cs.getOrdinate(i, d)));
-             }
-           }
-           buf.append(')');
-           return buf.toString()
-         }
-       };
-       CoordinateSequences.ensureValidRing = function ensureValidRing (fact, seq) {
-         var n = seq.size();
-         if (n === 0) { return seq }
-         if (n <= 3) { return CoordinateSequences.createClosedRing(fact, seq, 4) }
-         var isClosed = seq.getOrdinate(0, CoordinateSequence.X) === seq.getOrdinate(n - 1, CoordinateSequence.X) && seq.getOrdinate(0, CoordinateSequence.Y) === seq.getOrdinate(n - 1, CoordinateSequence.Y);
-         if (isClosed) { return seq }
-         return CoordinateSequences.createClosedRing(fact, seq, n + 1)
-       };
-       CoordinateSequences.createClosedRing = function createClosedRing (fact, seq, size) {
-         var newseq = fact.create(size, seq.getDimension());
-         var n = seq.size();
-         CoordinateSequences.copy(seq, 0, newseq, 0, n);
-         for (var i = n; i < size; i++) { CoordinateSequences.copy(seq, 0, newseq, i, 1); }
-         return newseq
-       };
 
-       var LineString = (function (Geometry$$1) {
-         function LineString (points, factory) {
-           Geometry$$1.call(this, factory);
-           this._points = null;
-           this.init(points);
-         }
+       function _upgradeTags(tags, loc) {
+         var newTags = Object.assign({}, tags); // shallow copy
 
-         if ( Geometry$$1 ) LineString.__proto__ = Geometry$$1;
-         LineString.prototype = Object.create( Geometry$$1 && Geometry$$1.prototype );
-         LineString.prototype.constructor = LineString;
+         var changed = false; // Before anything, perform trivial Wikipedia/Wikidata replacements
 
-         var staticAccessors = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
-         LineString.prototype.computeEnvelopeInternal = function computeEnvelopeInternal () {
-           if (this.isEmpty()) {
-             return new Envelope()
-           }
-           return this._points.expandEnvelope(new Envelope())
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.isRing = function isRing () {
-           return this.isClosed() && this.isSimple()
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.getSortIndex = function getSortIndex () {
-           return Geometry$$1.SORTINDEX_LINESTRING
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
-           return this._points.toCoordinateArray()
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.equalsExact = function equalsExact () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         Object.keys(newTags).forEach(function (osmkey) {
+           var matchTag = osmkey.match(/^(\w+:)?wikidata$/);
 
-           if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var other = arguments[0];
-             var tolerance = arguments[1];
-             if (!this.isEquivalentClass(other)) {
-               return false
-             }
-             var otherLineString = other;
-             if (this._points.size() !== otherLineString._points.size()) {
-               return false
-             }
-             for (var i = 0; i < this._points.size(); i++) {
-               if (!this$1.equal(this$1._points.getCoordinate(i), otherLineString._points.getCoordinate(i), tolerance)) {
-                 return false
-               }
-             }
-             return true
-           } else { return Geometry$$1.prototype.equalsExact.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.normalize = function normalize () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           if (matchTag) {
+             // Look at '*:wikidata' tags
+             var prefix = matchTag[1] || '';
+             var wd = newTags[osmkey];
+             var replace = _nsi.replacements[wd]; // If it matches a QID in the replacement list...
+
+             if (replace && replace.wikidata !== undefined) {
+               // replace or delete `*:wikidata` tag
+               changed = true;
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < Math.trunc(this._points.size() / 2); i++) {
-             var j = this$1._points.size() - 1 - i;
-             if (!this$1._points.getCoordinate(i).equals(this$1._points.getCoordinate(j))) {
-               if (this$1._points.getCoordinate(i).compareTo(this$1._points.getCoordinate(j)) > 0) {
-                 CoordinateSequences.reverse(this$1._points);
+               if (replace.wikidata) {
+                 newTags[osmkey] = replace.wikidata;
+               } else {
+                 delete newTags[osmkey];
                }
-               return null
              }
-           }
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-           if (this.isEmpty()) { return null }
-           return this._points.getCoordinate(0)
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.getBoundaryDimension = function getBoundaryDimension () {
-           if (this.isClosed()) {
-             return Dimension.FALSE
-           }
-           return 0
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.isClosed = function isClosed () {
-           if (this.isEmpty()) {
-             return false
-           }
-           return this.getCoordinateN(0).equals2D(this.getCoordinateN(this.getNumPoints() - 1))
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.getEndPoint = function getEndPoint () {
-           if (this.isEmpty()) {
-             return null
-           }
-           return this.getPointN(this.getNumPoints() - 1)
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {
-           return 1
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.getLength = function getLength () {
-           return CGAlgorithms.computeLength(this._points)
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.getNumPoints = function getNumPoints () {
-           return this._points.size()
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.reverse = function reverse () {
-           var seq = this._points.copy();
-           CoordinateSequences.reverse(seq);
-           var revLine = this.getFactory().createLineString(seq);
-           return revLine
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.compareToSameClass = function compareToSameClass () {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-           if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var o = arguments[0];
-             var line = o;
-             var i = 0;
-             var j = 0;
-             while (i < this._points.size() && j < line._points.size()) {
-               var comparison = this$1._points.getCoordinate(i).compareTo(line._points.getCoordinate(j));
-               if (comparison !== 0) {
-                 return comparison
+             if (replace && replace.wikipedia !== undefined) {
+               // replace or delete `*:wikipedia` tag
+               changed = true;
+               var wpkey = "".concat(prefix, "wikipedia");
+
+               if (replace.wikipedia) {
+                 newTags[wpkey] = replace.wikipedia;
+               } else {
+                 delete newTags[wpkey];
                }
-               i++;
-               j++;
              }
-             if (i < this._points.size()) {
-               return 1
-             }
-             if (j < line._points.size()) {
-               return -1
-             }
-             return 0
-           } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var o$1 = arguments[0];
-             var comp = arguments[1];
-             var line$1 = o$1;
-             return comp.compare(this._points, line$1._points)
            }
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.apply = function apply () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         }); // Match a 'route_master' as if it were a 'route' - name-suggestion-index#5184
 
-           if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateFilter)) {
-             var filter = arguments[0];
-             for (var i = 0; i < this._points.size(); i++) {
-               filter.filter(this$1._points.getCoordinate(i));
-             }
-           } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequenceFilter)) {
-             var filter$1 = arguments[0];
-             if (this._points.size() === 0) { return null }
-             for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < this._points.size(); i$1++) {
-               filter$1.filter(this$1._points, i$1);
-               if (filter$1.isDone()) { break }
-             }
-             if (filter$1.isGeometryChanged()) { this.geometryChanged(); }
-           } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], GeometryFilter)) {
-             var filter$2 = arguments[0];
-             filter$2.filter(this);
-           } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], GeometryComponentFilter)) {
-             var filter$3 = arguments[0];
-             filter$3.filter(this);
-           }
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
-           return new BoundaryOp(this).getBoundary()
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.isEquivalentClass = function isEquivalentClass (other) {
-           return other instanceof LineString
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.clone = function clone () {
-           var ls = Geometry$$1.prototype.clone.call(this);
-           ls._points = this._points.clone();
-           return ls
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.getCoordinateN = function getCoordinateN (n) {
-           return this._points.getCoordinate(n)
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.getGeometryType = function getGeometryType () {
-           return 'LineString'
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.copy = function copy () {
-           return new LineString(this._points.copy(), this._factory)
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.getCoordinateSequence = function getCoordinateSequence () {
-           return this._points
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
-           return this._points.size() === 0
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.init = function init (points) {
-           if (points === null) {
-             points = this.getFactory().getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create([]);
-           }
-           if (points.size() === 1) {
-             throw new IllegalArgumentException('Invalid number of points in LineString (found ' + points.size() + ' - must be 0 or >= 2)')
-           }
-           this._points = points;
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.isCoordinate = function isCoordinate (pt) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         var isRouteMaster = tags.type === 'route_master'; // Gather key/value tag pairs to try to match
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._points.size(); i++) {
-             if (this$1._points.getCoordinate(i).equals(pt)) {
-               return true
-             }
-           }
-           return false
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.getStartPoint = function getStartPoint () {
-           if (this.isEmpty()) {
-             return null
-           }
-           return this.getPointN(0)
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.getPointN = function getPointN (n) {
-           return this.getFactory().createPoint(this._points.getCoordinate(n))
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return [Lineal]
-         };
-         LineString.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return LineString
-         };
-         staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 3110669828065365560 };
+         var tryKVs = gatherKVs(tags);
 
-         Object.defineProperties( LineString, staticAccessors );
+         if (!tryKVs.primary.size && !tryKVs.alternate.size) {
+           return changed ? {
+             newTags: newTags,
+             matched: null
+           } : null;
+         } // Gather namelike tag values to try to match
 
-         return LineString;
-       }(Geometry));
 
-       var Puntal = function Puntal () {};
+         var tryNames = gatherNames(tags); // Do `wikidata=*` or `wikipedia=*` tags identify this entity as a chain? - See #6416
+         // If so, these tags can be swapped to e.g. `brand:wikidata`/`brand:wikipedia`.
 
-       Puntal.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       Puntal.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Puntal
-       };
+         var foundQID = _nsi.qids.get(tags.wikidata) || _nsi.qids.get(tags.wikipedia);
 
-       var Point$1 = (function (Geometry$$1) {
-         function Point (coordinates, factory) {
-           Geometry$$1.call(this, factory);
-           this._coordinates = coordinates || null;
-           this.init(this._coordinates);
-         }
+         if (foundQID) tryNames.primary.add(foundQID); // matcher will recognize the Wikidata QID as name too
 
-         if ( Geometry$$1 ) Point.__proto__ = Geometry$$1;
-         Point.prototype = Object.create( Geometry$$1 && Geometry$$1.prototype );
-         Point.prototype.constructor = Point;
+         if (!tryNames.primary.size && !tryNames.alternate.size) {
+           return changed ? {
+             newTags: newTags,
+             matched: null
+           } : null;
+         } // Order the [key,value,name] tuples - test primary names before alternate names
 
-         var staticAccessors = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
-         Point.prototype.computeEnvelopeInternal = function computeEnvelopeInternal () {
-           if (this.isEmpty()) {
-             return new Envelope()
-           }
-           var env = new Envelope();
-           env.expandToInclude(this._coordinates.getX(0), this._coordinates.getY(0));
-           return env
-         };
-         Point.prototype.getSortIndex = function getSortIndex () {
-           return Geometry$$1.SORTINDEX_POINT
-         };
-         Point.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
-           return this.isEmpty() ? [] : [this.getCoordinate()]
-         };
-         Point.prototype.equalsExact = function equalsExact () {
-           if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var other = arguments[0];
-             var tolerance = arguments[1];
-             if (!this.isEquivalentClass(other)) {
-               return false
-             }
-             if (this.isEmpty() && other.isEmpty()) {
-               return true
-             }
-             if (this.isEmpty() !== other.isEmpty()) {
-               return false
-             }
-             return this.equal(other.getCoordinate(), this.getCoordinate(), tolerance)
-           } else { return Geometry$$1.prototype.equalsExact.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         Point.prototype.normalize = function normalize () {};
-         Point.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-           return this._coordinates.size() !== 0 ? this._coordinates.getCoordinate(0) : null
-         };
-         Point.prototype.getBoundaryDimension = function getBoundaryDimension () {
-           return Dimension.FALSE
-         };
-         Point.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {
-           return 0
-         };
-         Point.prototype.getNumPoints = function getNumPoints () {
-           return this.isEmpty() ? 0 : 1
-         };
-         Point.prototype.reverse = function reverse () {
-           return this.copy()
-         };
-         Point.prototype.getX = function getX () {
-           if (this.getCoordinate() === null) {
-             throw new Error('getX called on empty Point')
-           }
-           return this.getCoordinate().x
-         };
-         Point.prototype.compareToSameClass = function compareToSameClass () {
-           if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var other = arguments[0];
-             var point$1 = other;
-             return this.getCoordinate().compareTo(point$1.getCoordinate())
-           } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var other$1 = arguments[0];
-             var comp = arguments[1];
-             var point = other$1;
-             return comp.compare(this._coordinates, point._coordinates)
-           }
-         };
-         Point.prototype.apply = function apply () {
-           if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateFilter)) {
-             var filter = arguments[0];
-             if (this.isEmpty()) {
-               return null
-             }
-             filter.filter(this.getCoordinate());
-           } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequenceFilter)) {
-             var filter$1 = arguments[0];
-             if (this.isEmpty()) { return null }
-             filter$1.filter(this._coordinates, 0);
-             if (filter$1.isGeometryChanged()) { this.geometryChanged(); }
-           } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], GeometryFilter)) {
-             var filter$2 = arguments[0];
-             filter$2.filter(this);
-           } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], GeometryComponentFilter)) {
-             var filter$3 = arguments[0];
-             filter$3.filter(this);
-           }
-         };
-         Point.prototype.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
-           return this.getFactory().createGeometryCollection(null)
-         };
-         Point.prototype.clone = function clone () {
-           var p = Geometry$$1.prototype.clone.call(this);
-           p._coordinates = this._coordinates.clone();
-           return p
-         };
-         Point.prototype.getGeometryType = function getGeometryType () {
-           return 'Point'
-         };
-         Point.prototype.copy = function copy () {
-           return new Point(this._coordinates.copy(), this._factory)
-         };
-         Point.prototype.getCoordinateSequence = function getCoordinateSequence () {
-           return this._coordinates
-         };
-         Point.prototype.getY = function getY () {
-           if (this.getCoordinate() === null) {
-             throw new Error('getY called on empty Point')
-           }
-           return this.getCoordinate().y
-         };
-         Point.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
-           return this._coordinates.size() === 0
-         };
-         Point.prototype.init = function init (coordinates) {
-           if (coordinates === null) {
-             coordinates = this.getFactory().getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create([]);
-           }
-           Assert.isTrue(coordinates.size() <= 1);
-           this._coordinates = coordinates;
-         };
-         Point.prototype.isSimple = function isSimple () {
-           return true
-         };
-         Point.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return [Puntal]
-         };
-         Point.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return Point
-         };
-         staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 4902022702746614570 };
 
-         Object.defineProperties( Point, staticAccessors );
+         var tuples = gatherTuples(tryKVs, tryNames);
+         var foundPrimary = false;
+         var bestItem; // Test [key,value,name] tuples against the NSI matcher until we get a primary match or exhaust all options.
 
-         return Point;
-       }(Geometry));
+         for (var i = 0; i < tuples.length && !foundPrimary; i++) {
+           var tuple = tuples[i];
 
-       var Polygonal = function Polygonal () {};
+           var hits = _nsi.matcher.match(tuple.k, tuple.v, tuple.n, loc); // Attempt to match an item in NSI
 
-       Polygonal.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       Polygonal.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Polygonal
-       };
 
-       var Polygon = (function (Geometry$$1) {
-         function Polygon (shell, holes, factory) {
-           Geometry$$1.call(this, factory);
-           this._shell = null;
-           this._holes = null;
-           if (shell === null) {
-             shell = this.getFactory().createLinearRing();
-           }
-           if (holes === null) {
-             holes = [];
-           }
-           if (Geometry$$1.hasNullElements(holes)) {
-             throw new IllegalArgumentException('holes must not contain null elements')
-           }
-           if (shell.isEmpty() && Geometry$$1.hasNonEmptyElements(holes)) {
-             throw new IllegalArgumentException('shell is empty but holes are not')
-           }
-           this._shell = shell;
-           this._holes = holes;
-         }
+           if (!hits || !hits.length) continue; // no match, try next tuple
 
-         if ( Geometry$$1 ) Polygon.__proto__ = Geometry$$1;
-         Polygon.prototype = Object.create( Geometry$$1 && Geometry$$1.prototype );
-         Polygon.prototype.constructor = Polygon;
+           if (hits[0].match !== 'primary' && hits[0].match !== 'alternate') break; // a generic match, stop looking
+           // A match may contain multiple results, the first one is likely the best one for this location
+           // e.g. `['pfk-a54c14', 'kfc-1ff19c', 'kfc-658eea']`
 
-         var staticAccessors = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
-         Polygon.prototype.computeEnvelopeInternal = function computeEnvelopeInternal () {
-           return this._shell.getEnvelopeInternal()
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.getSortIndex = function getSortIndex () {
-           return Geometry$$1.SORTINDEX_POLYGON
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           if (this.isEmpty()) {
-             return []
-           }
-           var coordinates = new Array(this.getNumPoints()).fill(null);
-           var k = -1;
-           var shellCoordinates = this._shell.getCoordinates();
-           for (var x = 0; x < shellCoordinates.length; x++) {
-             k++;
-             coordinates[k] = shellCoordinates[x];
-           }
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
-             var childCoordinates = this$1._holes[i].getCoordinates();
-             for (var j = 0; j < childCoordinates.length; j++) {
-               k++;
-               coordinates[k] = childCoordinates[j];
-             }
-           }
-           return coordinates
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.getArea = function getArea () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           for (var j = 0; j < hits.length; j++) {
+             var hit = hits[j];
+             var isPrimary = hits[j].match === 'primary';
+             var itemID = hit.itemID;
+             if (_nsi.dissolved[itemID]) continue; // Don't upgrade to a dissolved item
 
-           var area = 0.0;
-           area += Math.abs(CGAlgorithms.signedArea(this._shell.getCoordinateSequence()));
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
-             area -= Math.abs(CGAlgorithms.signedArea(this$1._holes[i].getCoordinateSequence()));
-           }
-           return area
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.isRectangle = function isRectangle () {
-           if (this.getNumInteriorRing() !== 0) { return false }
-           if (this._shell === null) { return false }
-           if (this._shell.getNumPoints() !== 5) { return false }
-           var seq = this._shell.getCoordinateSequence();
-           var env = this.getEnvelopeInternal();
-           for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
-             var x = seq.getX(i);
-             if (!(x === env.getMinX() || x === env.getMaxX())) { return false }
-             var y = seq.getY(i);
-             if (!(y === env.getMinY() || y === env.getMaxY())) { return false }
-           }
-           var prevX = seq.getX(0);
-           var prevY = seq.getY(0);
-           for (var i$1 = 1; i$1 <= 4; i$1++) {
-             var x$1 = seq.getX(i$1);
-             var y$1 = seq.getY(i$1);
-             var xChanged = x$1 !== prevX;
-             var yChanged = y$1 !== prevY;
-             if (xChanged === yChanged) { return false }
-             prevX = x$1;
-             prevY = y$1;
-           }
-           return true
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.equalsExact = function equalsExact () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             var item = _nsi.ids.get(itemID);
 
-           if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var other = arguments[0];
-             var tolerance = arguments[1];
-             if (!this.isEquivalentClass(other)) {
-               return false
-             }
-             var otherPolygon = other;
-             var thisShell = this._shell;
-             var otherPolygonShell = otherPolygon._shell;
-             if (!thisShell.equalsExact(otherPolygonShell, tolerance)) {
-               return false
-             }
-             if (this._holes.length !== otherPolygon._holes.length) {
-               return false
-             }
-             for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
-               if (!this$1._holes[i].equalsExact(otherPolygon._holes[i], tolerance)) {
-                 return false
-               }
-             }
-             return true
-           } else { return Geometry$$1.prototype.equalsExact.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.normalize = function normalize () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           if (arguments.length === 0) {
-             this.normalize(this._shell, true);
-             for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
-               this$1.normalize(this$1._holes[i], false);
-             }
-             Arrays.sort(this._holes);
-           } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var ring = arguments[0];
-             var clockwise = arguments[1];
-             if (ring.isEmpty()) {
-               return null
-             }
-             var uniqueCoordinates = new Array(ring.getCoordinates().length - 1).fill(null);
-             System.arraycopy(ring.getCoordinates(), 0, uniqueCoordinates, 0, uniqueCoordinates.length);
-             var minCoordinate = CoordinateArrays.minCoordinate(ring.getCoordinates());
-             CoordinateArrays.scroll(uniqueCoordinates, minCoordinate);
-             System.arraycopy(uniqueCoordinates, 0, ring.getCoordinates(), 0, uniqueCoordinates.length);
-             ring.getCoordinates()[uniqueCoordinates.length] = uniqueCoordinates[0];
-             if (CGAlgorithms.isCCW(ring.getCoordinates()) === clockwise) {
-               CoordinateArrays.reverse(ring.getCoordinates());
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-           return this._shell.getCoordinate()
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.getNumInteriorRing = function getNumInteriorRing () {
-           return this._holes.length
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.getBoundaryDimension = function getBoundaryDimension () {
-           return 1
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {
-           return 2
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.getLength = function getLength () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           var len = 0.0;
-           len += this._shell.getLength();
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
-             len += this$1._holes[i].getLength();
-           }
-           return len
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.getNumPoints = function getNumPoints () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           var numPoints = this._shell.getNumPoints();
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
-             numPoints += this$1._holes[i].getNumPoints();
-           }
-           return numPoints
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.reverse = function reverse () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           var poly = this.copy();
-           poly._shell = this._shell.copy().reverse();
-           poly._holes = new Array(this._holes.length).fill(null);
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
-             poly._holes[i] = this$1._holes[i].copy().reverse();
-           }
-           return poly
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.convexHull = function convexHull () {
-           return this.getExteriorRing().convexHull()
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.compareToSameClass = function compareToSameClass () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             if (!item) continue;
+             var mainTag = item.mainTag; // e.g. `brand:wikidata`
 
-           if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var o = arguments[0];
-             var thisShell = this._shell;
-             var otherShell = o._shell;
-             return thisShell.compareToSameClass(otherShell)
-           } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var o$1 = arguments[0];
-             var comp = arguments[1];
-             var poly = o$1;
-             var thisShell$1 = this._shell;
-             var otherShell$1 = poly._shell;
-             var shellComp = thisShell$1.compareToSameClass(otherShell$1, comp);
-             if (shellComp !== 0) { return shellComp }
-             var nHole1 = this.getNumInteriorRing();
-             var nHole2 = poly.getNumInteriorRing();
-             var i = 0;
-             while (i < nHole1 && i < nHole2) {
-               var thisHole = this$1.getInteriorRingN(i);
-               var otherHole = poly.getInteriorRingN(i);
-               var holeComp = thisHole.compareToSameClass(otherHole, comp);
-               if (holeComp !== 0) { return holeComp }
-               i++;
-             }
-             if (i < nHole1) { return 1 }
-             if (i < nHole2) { return -1 }
-             return 0
-           }
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.apply = function apply (filter) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             var itemQID = item.tags[mainTag]; // e.g. `brand:wikidata` qid
 
-           if (hasInterface(filter, CoordinateFilter)) {
-             this._shell.apply(filter);
-             for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < this._holes.length; i$1++) {
-               this$1._holes[i$1].apply(filter);
-             }
-           } else if (hasInterface(filter, CoordinateSequenceFilter)) {
-             this._shell.apply(filter);
-             if (!filter.isDone()) {
-               for (var i$2 = 0; i$2 < this._holes.length; i$2++) {
-                 this$1._holes[i$2].apply(filter);
-                 if (filter.isDone()) { break }
-               }
-             }
-             if (filter.isGeometryChanged()) { this.geometryChanged(); }
-           } else if (hasInterface(filter, GeometryFilter)) {
-             filter.filter(this);
-           } else if (hasInterface(filter, GeometryComponentFilter)) {
-             filter.filter(this);
-             this._shell.apply(filter);
-             for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
-               this$1._holes[i].apply(filter);
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             var notQID = newTags["not:".concat(mainTag)]; // e.g. `not:brand:wikidata` qid
 
-           if (this.isEmpty()) {
-             return this.getFactory().createMultiLineString()
-           }
-           var rings = new Array(this._holes.length + 1).fill(null);
-           rings[0] = this._shell;
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
-             rings[i + 1] = this$1._holes[i];
-           }
-           if (rings.length <= 1) { return this.getFactory().createLinearRing(rings[0].getCoordinateSequence()) }
-           return this.getFactory().createMultiLineString(rings)
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.clone = function clone () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             if ( // Exceptions, skip this hit
+             !itemQID || itemQID === notQID || // No `*:wikidata` or matched a `not:*:wikidata`
+             newTags.office && !item.tags.office // feature may be a corporate office for a brand? - #6416
+             ) {
+               continue; // continue looking
+             } // If we get here, the hit is good..
 
-           var poly = Geometry$$1.prototype.clone.call(this);
-           poly._shell = this._shell.clone();
-           poly._holes = new Array(this._holes.length).fill(null);
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
-             poly._holes[i] = this$1._holes[i].clone();
-           }
-           return poly
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.getGeometryType = function getGeometryType () {
-           return 'Polygon'
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.copy = function copy () {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-           var shell = this._shell.copy();
-           var holes = new Array(this._holes.length).fill(null);
-           for (var i = 0; i < holes.length; i++) {
-             holes[i] = this$1._holes[i].copy();
+             if (!bestItem || isPrimary) {
+               bestItem = item;
+
+               if (isPrimary) {
+                 foundPrimary = true;
+               }
+
+               break; // can ignore the rest of the hits from this match
+             }
            }
-           return new Polygon(shell, holes, this._factory)
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.getExteriorRing = function getExteriorRing () {
-           return this._shell
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
-           return this._shell.isEmpty()
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.getInteriorRingN = function getInteriorRingN (n) {
-           return this._holes[n]
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return [Polygonal]
-         };
-         Polygon.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return Polygon
-         };
-         staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -3494792200821764533 };
+         } // At this point we have matched a canonical item and can suggest tag upgrades..
 
-         Object.defineProperties( Polygon, staticAccessors );
 
-         return Polygon;
-       }(Geometry));
+         if (bestItem) {
+           var _ret = function () {
+             var itemID = bestItem.id;
+             var item = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(bestItem)); // deep copy
 
-       var MultiPoint = (function (GeometryCollection$$1) {
-         function MultiPoint () {
-           GeometryCollection$$1.apply(this, arguments);
-         }
+             var tkv = item.tkv;
+             var parts = tkv.split('/', 3); // tkv = "tree/key/value"
 
-         if ( GeometryCollection$$1 ) MultiPoint.__proto__ = GeometryCollection$$1;
-         MultiPoint.prototype = Object.create( GeometryCollection$$1 && GeometryCollection$$1.prototype );
-         MultiPoint.prototype.constructor = MultiPoint;
+             var k = parts[1];
+             var v = parts[2];
+             var category = _nsi.data[tkv];
+             var properties = category.properties || {}; // Preserve some tags that we specifically don't want NSI to overwrite. ('^name', sometimes)
 
-         var staticAccessors = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
+             var preserveTags = item.preserveTags || properties.preserveTags || []; // These tags can be toplevel tags -or- attributes - so we generally want to preserve existing values - #8615
+             // We'll only _replace_ the tag value if this tag is the toplevel/defining tag for the matched item (`k`)
 
-         MultiPoint.prototype.getSortIndex = function getSortIndex () {
-           return Geometry.SORTINDEX_MULTIPOINT
-         };
-         MultiPoint.prototype.isValid = function isValid () {
-           return true
-         };
-         MultiPoint.prototype.equalsExact = function equalsExact () {
-           if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var other = arguments[0];
-             var tolerance = arguments[1];
-             if (!this.isEquivalentClass(other)) {
-               return false
-             }
-             return GeometryCollection$$1.prototype.equalsExact.call(this, other, tolerance)
-           } else { return GeometryCollection$$1.prototype.equalsExact.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         MultiPoint.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-           if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var n = arguments[0];
-             return this._geometries[n].getCoordinate()
-           } else { return GeometryCollection$$1.prototype.getCoordinate.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         MultiPoint.prototype.getBoundaryDimension = function getBoundaryDimension () {
-           return Dimension.FALSE
-         };
-         MultiPoint.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {
-           return 0
-         };
-         MultiPoint.prototype.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
-           return this.getFactory().createGeometryCollection(null)
-         };
-         MultiPoint.prototype.getGeometryType = function getGeometryType () {
-           return 'MultiPoint'
-         };
-         MultiPoint.prototype.copy = function copy () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             ['building', 'emergency', 'internet_access', 'takeaway'].forEach(function (osmkey) {
+               if (k !== osmkey) preserveTags.push("^".concat(osmkey, "$"));
+             });
+             var regexes = preserveTags.map(function (s) {
+               return new RegExp(s, 'i');
+             });
+             var keepTags = {};
+             Object.keys(newTags).forEach(function (osmkey) {
+               if (regexes.some(function (regex) {
+                 return regex.test(osmkey);
+               })) {
+                 keepTags[osmkey] = newTags[osmkey];
+               }
+             }); // Remove any primary tags ("amenity", "craft", "shop", "man_made", "route", etc) that have a
+             // value like `amenity=yes` or `shop=yes` (exceptions have already been added to `keepTags` above)
 
-           var points = new Array(this._geometries.length).fill(null);
-           for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
-             points[i] = this$1._geometries[i].copy();
-           }
-           return new MultiPoint(points, this._factory)
-         };
-         MultiPoint.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return [Puntal]
-         };
-         MultiPoint.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return MultiPoint
-         };
-         staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -8048474874175355449 };
+             _nsi.kvt.forEach(function (vmap, k) {
+               if (newTags[k] === 'yes') delete newTags[k];
+             }); // Replace mistagged `wikidata`/`wikipedia` with e.g. `brand:wikidata`/`brand:wikipedia`
 
-         Object.defineProperties( MultiPoint, staticAccessors );
 
-         return MultiPoint;
-       }(GeometryCollection));
+             if (foundQID) {
+               delete newTags.wikipedia;
+               delete newTags.wikidata;
+             } // Do the tag upgrade
 
-       var LinearRing = (function (LineString$$1) {
-         function LinearRing (points, factory) {
-           if (points instanceof Coordinate && factory instanceof GeometryFactory) {
-             points = factory.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create(points);
-           }
-           LineString$$1.call(this, points, factory);
-           this.validateConstruction();
-         }
 
-         if ( LineString$$1 ) LinearRing.__proto__ = LineString$$1;
-         LinearRing.prototype = Object.create( LineString$$1 && LineString$$1.prototype );
-         LinearRing.prototype.constructor = LinearRing;
+             Object.assign(newTags, item.tags, keepTags); // Swap `route` back to `route_master` - name-suggestion-index#5184
 
-         var staticAccessors = { MINIMUM_VALID_SIZE: { configurable: true },serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
-         LinearRing.prototype.getSortIndex = function getSortIndex () {
-           return Geometry.SORTINDEX_LINEARRING
-         };
-         LinearRing.prototype.getBoundaryDimension = function getBoundaryDimension () {
-           return Dimension.FALSE
-         };
-         LinearRing.prototype.isClosed = function isClosed () {
-           if (this.isEmpty()) {
-             return true
-           }
-           return LineString$$1.prototype.isClosed.call(this)
-         };
-         LinearRing.prototype.reverse = function reverse () {
-           var seq = this._points.copy();
-           CoordinateSequences.reverse(seq);
-           var rev = this.getFactory().createLinearRing(seq);
-           return rev
-         };
-         LinearRing.prototype.validateConstruction = function validateConstruction () {
-           if (!this.isEmpty() && !LineString$$1.prototype.isClosed.call(this)) {
-             throw new IllegalArgumentException('Points of LinearRing do not form a closed linestring')
-           }
-           if (this.getCoordinateSequence().size() >= 1 && this.getCoordinateSequence().size() < LinearRing.MINIMUM_VALID_SIZE) {
-             throw new IllegalArgumentException('Invalid number of points in LinearRing (found ' + this.getCoordinateSequence().size() + ' - must be 0 or >= 4)')
-           }
-         };
-         LinearRing.prototype.getGeometryType = function getGeometryType () {
-           return 'LinearRing'
-         };
-         LinearRing.prototype.copy = function copy () {
-           return new LinearRing(this._points.copy(), this._factory)
-         };
-         LinearRing.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         LinearRing.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return LinearRing
-         };
-         staticAccessors.MINIMUM_VALID_SIZE.get = function () { return 4 };
-         staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -4261142084085851829 };
+             if (isRouteMaster) {
+               newTags.route_master = newTags.route;
+               delete newTags.route;
+             } // Special `branch` splitting rules - IF..
+             // - NSI is suggesting to replace `name`, AND
+             // - `branch` doesn't already contain something, AND
+             // - original name has not moved to an alternate name (e.g. "Dunkin' Donuts" -> "Dunkin'"), AND
+             // - original name is "some name" + "some stuff", THEN
+             // consider splitting `name` into `name`/`branch`..
 
-         Object.defineProperties( LinearRing, staticAccessors );
 
-         return LinearRing;
-       }(LineString));
+             var origName = tags.name;
+             var newName = newTags.name;
 
-       var MultiPolygon = (function (GeometryCollection$$1) {
-         function MultiPolygon () {
-           GeometryCollection$$1.apply(this, arguments);
-         }
+             if (newName && origName && newName !== origName && !newTags.branch) {
+               var newNames = gatherNames(newTags);
+               var newSet = new Set([].concat(_toConsumableArray(newNames.primary), _toConsumableArray(newNames.alternate)));
+               var isMoved = newSet.has(origName); // another tag holds the original name now
 
-         if ( GeometryCollection$$1 ) MultiPolygon.__proto__ = GeometryCollection$$1;
-         MultiPolygon.prototype = Object.create( GeometryCollection$$1 && GeometryCollection$$1.prototype );
-         MultiPolygon.prototype.constructor = MultiPolygon;
+               if (!isMoved) {
+                 // Test name fragments, longest to shortest, to fit them into a "Name Branch" pattern.
+                 // e.g. "TUI ReiseCenter - Neuss Innenstadt" -> ["TUI", "ReiseCenter", "Neuss", "Innenstadt"]
+                 var nameParts = origName.split(/[\s\-\/,.]/);
 
-         var staticAccessors = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
+                 for (var split = nameParts.length; split > 0; split--) {
+                   var name = nameParts.slice(0, split).join(' '); // e.g. "TUI ReiseCenter"
 
-         MultiPolygon.prototype.getSortIndex = function getSortIndex () {
-           return Geometry.SORTINDEX_MULTIPOLYGON
-         };
-         MultiPolygon.prototype.equalsExact = function equalsExact () {
-           if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var other = arguments[0];
-             var tolerance = arguments[1];
-             if (!this.isEquivalentClass(other)) {
-               return false
-             }
-             return GeometryCollection$$1.prototype.equalsExact.call(this, other, tolerance)
-           } else { return GeometryCollection$$1.prototype.equalsExact.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         MultiPolygon.prototype.getBoundaryDimension = function getBoundaryDimension () {
-           return 1
-         };
-         MultiPolygon.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {
-           return 2
-         };
-         MultiPolygon.prototype.reverse = function reverse () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                   var branch = nameParts.slice(split).join(' '); // e.g. "Neuss Innenstadt"
 
-           var n = this._geometries.length;
-           var revGeoms = new Array(n).fill(null);
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-             revGeoms[i] = this$1._geometries[i].reverse();
-           }
-           return this.getFactory().createMultiPolygon(revGeoms)
-         };
-         MultiPolygon.prototype.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                   var nameHits = _nsi.matcher.match(k, v, name, loc);
 
-           if (this.isEmpty()) {
-             return this.getFactory().createMultiLineString()
-           }
-           var allRings = new ArrayList();
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
-             var polygon = this$1._geometries[i];
-             var rings = polygon.getBoundary();
-             for (var j = 0; j < rings.getNumGeometries(); j++) {
-               allRings.add(rings.getGeometryN(j));
-             }
-           }
-           var allRingsArray = new Array(allRings.size()).fill(null);
-           return this.getFactory().createMultiLineString(allRings.toArray(allRingsArray))
-         };
-         MultiPolygon.prototype.getGeometryType = function getGeometryType () {
-           return 'MultiPolygon'
-         };
-         MultiPolygon.prototype.copy = function copy () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                   if (!nameHits || !nameHits.length) continue; // no match, try next name fragment
 
-           var polygons = new Array(this._geometries.length).fill(null);
-           for (var i = 0; i < polygons.length; i++) {
-             polygons[i] = this$1._geometries[i].copy();
-           }
-           return new MultiPolygon(polygons, this._factory)
-         };
-         MultiPolygon.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return [Polygonal]
-         };
-         MultiPolygon.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return MultiPolygon
-         };
-         staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -551033529766975875 };
+                   if (nameHits.some(function (hit) {
+                     return hit.itemID === itemID;
+                   })) {
+                     // matched the name fragment to the same itemID above
+                     if (branch) {
+                       if (notBranches.test(branch)) {
+                         // "branch" was detected but is noise ("factory outlet", etc)
+                         newTags.name = origName; // Leave `name` alone, this part of the name may be significant..
+                       } else {
+                         var branchHits = _nsi.matcher.match(k, v, branch, loc);
 
-         Object.defineProperties( MultiPolygon, staticAccessors );
+                         if (branchHits && branchHits.length) {
+                           // if "branch" matched something else in NSI..
+                           if (branchHits[0].match === 'primary' || branchHits[0].match === 'alternate') {
+                             // if another brand! (e.g. "KFC - Taco Bell"?)
+                             return {
+                               v: null
+                             }; //   bail out - can't suggest tags in this case
+                           } // else a generic (e.g. "gas", "cafe") - ignore
 
-         return MultiPolygon;
-       }(GeometryCollection));
+                         } else {
+                           // "branch" is not noise and not something in NSI
+                           newTags.branch = branch; // Stick it in the `branch` tag..
+                         }
+                       }
+                     }
 
-       var GeometryEditor = function GeometryEditor (factory) {
-         this._factory = factory || null;
-         this._isUserDataCopied = false;
-       };
+                     break;
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-       var staticAccessors$16 = { NoOpGeometryOperation: { configurable: true },CoordinateOperation: { configurable: true },CoordinateSequenceOperation: { configurable: true } };
-       GeometryEditor.prototype.setCopyUserData = function setCopyUserData (isUserDataCopied) {
-         this._isUserDataCopied = isUserDataCopied;
-       };
-       GeometryEditor.prototype.edit = function edit (geometry, operation) {
-         if (geometry === null) { return null }
-         var result = this.editInternal(geometry, operation);
-         if (this._isUserDataCopied) {
-           result.setUserData(geometry.getUserData());
-         }
-         return result
-       };
-       GeometryEditor.prototype.editInternal = function editInternal (geometry, operation) {
-         if (this._factory === null) { this._factory = geometry.getFactory(); }
-         if (geometry instanceof GeometryCollection) {
-           return this.editGeometryCollection(geometry, operation)
-         }
-         if (geometry instanceof Polygon) {
-           return this.editPolygon(geometry, operation)
-         }
-         if (geometry instanceof Point$1) {
-           return operation.edit(geometry, this._factory)
-         }
-         if (geometry instanceof LineString) {
-           return operation.edit(geometry, this._factory)
-         }
-         Assert.shouldNeverReachHere('Unsupported Geometry class: ' + geometry.getClass().getName());
-         return null
-       };
-       GeometryEditor.prototype.editGeometryCollection = function editGeometryCollection (collection, operation) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             return {
+               v: {
+                 newTags: newTags,
+                 matched: item
+               }
+             };
+           }();
 
-         var collectionForType = operation.edit(collection, this._factory);
-         var geometries = new ArrayList();
-         for (var i = 0; i < collectionForType.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
-           var geometry = this$1.edit(collectionForType.getGeometryN(i), operation);
-           if (geometry === null || geometry.isEmpty()) {
-             continue
-           }
-           geometries.add(geometry);
-         }
-         if (collectionForType.getClass() === MultiPoint) {
-           return this._factory.createMultiPoint(geometries.toArray([]))
+           if (_typeof(_ret) === "object") return _ret.v;
          }
-         if (collectionForType.getClass() === MultiLineString) {
-           return this._factory.createMultiLineString(geometries.toArray([]))
-         }
-         if (collectionForType.getClass() === MultiPolygon) {
-           return this._factory.createMultiPolygon(geometries.toArray([]))
-         }
-         return this._factory.createGeometryCollection(geometries.toArray([]))
-       };
-       GeometryEditor.prototype.editPolygon = function editPolygon (polygon, operation) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         var newPolygon = operation.edit(polygon, this._factory);
-         if (newPolygon === null) { newPolygon = this._factory.createPolygon(null); }
-         if (newPolygon.isEmpty()) {
-           return newPolygon
-         }
-         var shell = this.edit(newPolygon.getExteriorRing(), operation);
-         if (shell === null || shell.isEmpty()) {
-           return this._factory.createPolygon()
-         }
-         var holes = new ArrayList();
-         for (var i = 0; i < newPolygon.getNumInteriorRing(); i++) {
-           var hole = this$1.edit(newPolygon.getInteriorRingN(i), operation);
-           if (hole === null || hole.isEmpty()) {
-             continue
-           }
-           holes.add(hole);
-         }
-         return this._factory.createPolygon(shell, holes.toArray([]))
-       };
-       GeometryEditor.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       GeometryEditor.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return GeometryEditor
-       };
-       GeometryEditor.GeometryEditorOperation = function GeometryEditorOperation () {};
-       staticAccessors$16.NoOpGeometryOperation.get = function () { return NoOpGeometryOperation };
-       staticAccessors$16.CoordinateOperation.get = function () { return CoordinateOperation };
-       staticAccessors$16.CoordinateSequenceOperation.get = function () { return CoordinateSequenceOperation };
+         return changed ? {
+           newTags: newTags,
+           matched: null
+         } : null;
+       } // `_isGenericName()`
+       // Is the `name` tag generic?
+       //
+       // Arguments
+       //   `tags`: `Object` containing the feature's OSM tags
+       // Returns
+       //   `true` if it is generic, `false` if not
+       //
 
-       Object.defineProperties( GeometryEditor, staticAccessors$16 );
 
-       var NoOpGeometryOperation = function NoOpGeometryOperation () {};
+       function _isGenericName(tags) {
+         var n = tags.name;
+         if (!n) return false; // tryNames just contains the `name` tag value and nothing else
 
-       NoOpGeometryOperation.prototype.edit = function edit (geometry, factory) {
-         return geometry
-       };
-       NoOpGeometryOperation.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [GeometryEditor.GeometryEditorOperation]
-       };
-       NoOpGeometryOperation.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return NoOpGeometryOperation
-       };
+         var tryNames = {
+           primary: new Set([n]),
+           alternate: new Set()
+         }; // Gather key/value tag pairs to try to match
 
-       var CoordinateOperation = function CoordinateOperation () {};
+         var tryKVs = gatherKVs(tags);
+         if (!tryKVs.primary.size && !tryKVs.alternate.size) return false; // Order the [key,value,name] tuples - test primary before alternate
 
-       CoordinateOperation.prototype.edit = function edit (geometry, factory) {
-         var coords = this.editCoordinates(geometry.getCoordinates(), geometry);
-         if (coords === null) { return geometry }
-         if (geometry instanceof LinearRing) {
-           return factory.createLinearRing(coords)
-         }
-         if (geometry instanceof LineString) {
-           return factory.createLineString(coords)
-         }
-         if (geometry instanceof Point$1) {
-           if (coords.length > 0) {
-             return factory.createPoint(coords[0])
-           } else {
-             return factory.createPoint()
-           }
-         }
-         return geometry
-       };
-       CoordinateOperation.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [GeometryEditor.GeometryEditorOperation]
-       };
-       CoordinateOperation.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return CoordinateOperation
-       };
+         var tuples = gatherTuples(tryKVs, tryNames);
 
-       var CoordinateSequenceOperation = function CoordinateSequenceOperation () {};
+         for (var i = 0; i < tuples.length; i++) {
+           var tuple = tuples[i];
 
-       CoordinateSequenceOperation.prototype.edit = function edit (geometry, factory) {
-         if (geometry instanceof LinearRing) {
-           return factory.createLinearRing(this.edit(geometry.getCoordinateSequence(), geometry))
-         }
-         if (geometry instanceof LineString) {
-           return factory.createLineString(this.edit(geometry.getCoordinateSequence(), geometry))
-         }
-         if (geometry instanceof Point$1) {
-           return factory.createPoint(this.edit(geometry.getCoordinateSequence(), geometry))
-         }
-         return geometry
-       };
-       CoordinateSequenceOperation.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [GeometryEditor.GeometryEditorOperation]
-       };
-       CoordinateSequenceOperation.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return CoordinateSequenceOperation
-       };
+           var hits = _nsi.matcher.match(tuple.k, tuple.v, tuple.n); // Attempt to match an item in NSI
+           // If we get a `excludeGeneric` hit, this is a generic name.
 
-       var CoordinateArraySequence = function CoordinateArraySequence () {
-         var this$1 = this;
 
-         this._dimension = 3;
-         this._coordinates = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
-             this._coordinates = arguments[0];
-             this._dimension = 3;
-           } else if (Number.isInteger(arguments[0])) {
-             var size = arguments[0];
-             this._coordinates = new Array(size).fill(null);
-             for (var i = 0; i < size; i++) {
-               this$1._coordinates[i] = new Coordinate();
-             }
-           } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequence)) {
-             var coordSeq = arguments[0];
-             if (coordSeq === null) {
-               this._coordinates = new Array(0).fill(null);
-               return null
-             }
-             this._dimension = coordSeq.getDimension();
-             this._coordinates = new Array(coordSeq.size()).fill(null);
-             for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < this._coordinates.length; i$1++) {
-               this$1._coordinates[i$1] = coordSeq.getCoordinateCopy(i$1);
-             }
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Array && Number.isInteger(arguments[1])) {
-             var coordinates = arguments[0];
-             var dimension = arguments[1];
-             this._coordinates = coordinates;
-             this._dimension = dimension;
-             if (coordinates === null) { this._coordinates = new Array(0).fill(null); }
-           } else if (Number.isInteger(arguments[0]) && Number.isInteger(arguments[1])) {
-             var size$1 = arguments[0];
-             var dimension$1 = arguments[1];
-             this._coordinates = new Array(size$1).fill(null);
-             this._dimension = dimension$1;
-             for (var i$2 = 0; i$2 < size$1; i$2++) {
-               this$1._coordinates[i$2] = new Coordinate();
-             }
-           }
+           if (hits && hits.length && hits[0].match === 'excludeGeneric') return true;
          }
-       };
 
-       var staticAccessors$18 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
-       CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.setOrdinate = function setOrdinate (index, ordinateIndex, value) {
-         switch (ordinateIndex) {
-           case CoordinateSequence.X:
-             this._coordinates[index].x = value;
-             break
-           case CoordinateSequence.Y:
-             this._coordinates[index].y = value;
-             break
-           case CoordinateSequence.Z:
-             this._coordinates[index].z = value;
-             break
-           default:
-             throw new IllegalArgumentException('invalid ordinateIndex')
-         }
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.size = function size () {
-         return this._coordinates.length
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.getOrdinate = function getOrdinate (index, ordinateIndex) {
-         switch (ordinateIndex) {
-           case CoordinateSequence.X:
-             return this._coordinates[index].x
-           case CoordinateSequence.Y:
-             return this._coordinates[index].y
-           case CoordinateSequence.Z:
-             return this._coordinates[index].z
-         }
-         return Double.NaN
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var i = arguments[0];
-           return this._coordinates[i]
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var index = arguments[0];
-           var coord = arguments[1];
-           coord.x = this._coordinates[index].x;
-           coord.y = this._coordinates[index].y;
-           coord.z = this._coordinates[index].z;
-         }
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.getCoordinateCopy = function getCoordinateCopy (i) {
-         return new Coordinate(this._coordinates[i])
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {
-         return this._dimension
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.getX = function getX (index) {
-         return this._coordinates[index].x
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.clone = function clone () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         return false;
+       } // PUBLIC INTERFACE
 
-         var cloneCoordinates = new Array(this.size()).fill(null);
-         for (var i = 0; i < this._coordinates.length; i++) {
-           cloneCoordinates[i] = this$1._coordinates[i].clone();
-         }
-         return new CoordinateArraySequence(cloneCoordinates, this._dimension)
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.expandEnvelope = function expandEnvelope (env) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < this._coordinates.length; i++) {
-           env.expandToInclude(this$1._coordinates[i]);
-         }
-         return env
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.copy = function copy () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+       var serviceNsi = {
+         // `init()`
+         // On init, start preparing the name-suggestion-index
+         //
+         init: function init() {
+           // Note: service.init is called immediately after the presetManager has started loading its data.
+           // We expect to chain onto an unfulfilled promise here.
+           setNsiSources();
+           _mainPresetIndex.ensureLoaded().then(function () {
+             return loadNsiPresets();
+           }).then(function () {
+             return delay(100);
+           }) // wait briefly for locationSets to enter the locationManager queue
+           .then(function () {
+             return _mainLocations.mergeLocationSets([]);
+           }) // wait for locationSets to resolve
+           .then(function () {
+             return loadNsiData();
+           }).then(function () {
+             return _nsiStatus = 'ok';
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             return _nsiStatus = 'failed';
+           });
 
-         var cloneCoordinates = new Array(this.size()).fill(null);
-         for (var i = 0; i < this._coordinates.length; i++) {
-           cloneCoordinates[i] = this$1._coordinates[i].copy();
-         }
-         return new CoordinateArraySequence(cloneCoordinates, this._dimension)
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         if (this._coordinates.length > 0) {
-           var strBuf = new StringBuffer(17 * this._coordinates.length);
-           strBuf.append('(');
-           strBuf.append(this._coordinates[0]);
-           for (var i = 1; i < this._coordinates.length; i++) {
-             strBuf.append(', ');
-             strBuf.append(this$1._coordinates[i]);
-           }
-           strBuf.append(')');
-           return strBuf.toString()
-         } else {
-           return '()'
+           function delay(msec) {
+             return new Promise(function (resolve) {
+               window.setTimeout(resolve, msec);
+             });
+           }
+         },
+         // `reset()`
+         // Reset is called when user saves data to OSM (does nothing here)
+         //
+         reset: function reset() {},
+         // `status()`
+         // To let other code know how it's going...
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   `String`: 'loading', 'ok', 'failed'
+         //
+         status: function status() {
+           return _nsiStatus;
+         },
+         // `isGenericName()`
+         // Is the `name` tag generic?
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `tags`: `Object` containing the feature's OSM tags
+         // Returns
+         //   `true` if it is generic, `false` if not
+         //
+         isGenericName: function isGenericName(tags) {
+           return _isGenericName(tags);
+         },
+         // `upgradeTags()`
+         // Suggest tag upgrades.
+         // This function will not modify the input tags, it makes a copy.
+         //
+         // Arguments
+         //   `tags`: `Object` containing the feature's OSM tags
+         //   `loc`: Location where this feature exists, as a [lon, lat]
+         // Returns
+         //   `Object` containing the result, or `null` if no changes needed:
+         //   {
+         //     'newTags': `Object` - The tags the the feature should have
+         //     'matched': `Object` - The matched item
+         //   }
+         //
+         upgradeTags: function upgradeTags(tags, loc) {
+           return _upgradeTags(tags, loc);
+         },
+         // `cache()`
+         // Direct access to the NSI cache, useful for testing or breaking things
+         //
+         // Returns
+         //   `Object`: the internal NSI cache
+         //
+         cache: function cache() {
+           return _nsi;
          }
        };
-       CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.getY = function getY (index) {
-         return this._coordinates[index].y
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.toCoordinateArray = function toCoordinateArray () {
-         return this._coordinates
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [CoordinateSequence, Serializable]
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return CoordinateArraySequence
-       };
-       staticAccessors$18.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -915438501601840650 };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( CoordinateArraySequence, staticAccessors$18 );
 
-       var CoordinateArraySequenceFactory = function CoordinateArraySequenceFactory () {};
+       var apibase$1 = 'https://kartaview.org';
+       var maxResults$1 = 1000;
+       var tileZoom$1 = 14;
+       var tiler$3 = utilTiler().zoomExtent([tileZoom$1, tileZoom$1]).skipNullIsland(true);
+       var dispatch$3 = dispatch$8('loadedImages');
+       var imgZoom = d3_zoom().extent([[0, 0], [320, 240]]).translateExtent([[0, 0], [320, 240]]).scaleExtent([1, 15]);
 
-       var staticAccessors$17 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true },instanceObject: { configurable: true } };
+       var _oscCache;
 
-       CoordinateArraySequenceFactory.prototype.readResolve = function readResolve () {
-         return CoordinateArraySequenceFactory.instance()
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequenceFactory.prototype.create = function create () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
-             var coordinates = arguments[0];
-             return new CoordinateArraySequence(coordinates)
-           } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequence)) {
-             var coordSeq = arguments[0];
-             return new CoordinateArraySequence(coordSeq)
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var size = arguments[0];
-           var dimension = arguments[1];
-           if (dimension > 3) { dimension = 3; }
-           if (dimension < 2) { return new CoordinateArraySequence(size) }
-           return new CoordinateArraySequence(size, dimension)
-         }
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequenceFactory.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [CoordinateSequenceFactory, Serializable]
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequenceFactory.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return CoordinateArraySequenceFactory
-       };
-       CoordinateArraySequenceFactory.instance = function instance () {
-         return CoordinateArraySequenceFactory.instanceObject
-       };
+       var _oscSelectedImage;
 
-       staticAccessors$17.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -4099577099607551657 };
-       staticAccessors$17.instanceObject.get = function () { return new CoordinateArraySequenceFactory() };
+       var _loadViewerPromise$1;
 
-       Object.defineProperties( CoordinateArraySequenceFactory, staticAccessors$17 );
+       function abortRequest$3(controller) {
+         controller.abort();
+       }
 
-       /**
-        * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/HashMap.html
-        *
-        * @extends {javascript.util.Map}
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       var HashMap = (function (MapInterface) {
-         function HashMap () {
-           MapInterface.call(this);
-           this.map_ = new Map();
-         }
+       function maxPageAtZoom(z) {
+         if (z < 15) return 2;
+         if (z === 15) return 5;
+         if (z === 16) return 10;
+         if (z === 17) return 20;
+         if (z === 18) return 40;
+         if (z > 18) return 80;
+       }
 
-         if ( MapInterface ) HashMap.__proto__ = MapInterface;
-         HashMap.prototype = Object.create( MapInterface && MapInterface.prototype );
-         HashMap.prototype.constructor = HashMap;
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         HashMap.prototype.get = function get (key) {
-           return this.map_.get(key) || null
-         };
+       function loadTiles$1(which, url, projection) {
+         var currZoom = Math.floor(geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale()));
+         var tiles = tiler$3.getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         HashMap.prototype.put = function put (key, value) {
-           this.map_.set(key, value);
-           return value
-         };
+         var cache = _oscCache[which];
+         Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function (k) {
+           var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
+             return k.indexOf(tile.id + ',') === 0;
+           });
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         HashMap.prototype.values = function values () {
-           var arrayList = new ArrayList();
-           var it = this.map_.values();
-           var o = it.next();
-           while (!o.done) {
-             arrayList.add(o.value);
-             o = it.next();
+           if (!wanted) {
+             abortRequest$3(cache.inflight[k]);
+             delete cache.inflight[k];
            }
-           return arrayList
-         };
+         });
+         tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+           loadNextTilePage$1(which, currZoom, url, tile);
+         });
+       }
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         HashMap.prototype.entrySet = function entrySet () {
-           var hashSet = new HashSet();
-           this.map_.entries().forEach(function (entry) { return hashSet.add(entry); });
-           return hashSet
+       function loadNextTilePage$1(which, currZoom, url, tile) {
+         var cache = _oscCache[which];
+         var bbox = tile.extent.bbox();
+         var maxPages = maxPageAtZoom(currZoom);
+         var nextPage = cache.nextPage[tile.id] || 1;
+         var params = utilQsString({
+           ipp: maxResults$1,
+           page: nextPage,
+           // client_id: clientId,
+           bbTopLeft: [bbox.maxY, bbox.minX].join(','),
+           bbBottomRight: [bbox.minY, bbox.maxX].join(',')
+         }, true);
+         if (nextPage > maxPages) return;
+         var id = tile.id + ',' + String(nextPage);
+         if (cache.loaded[id] || cache.inflight[id]) return;
+         var controller = new AbortController();
+         cache.inflight[id] = controller;
+         var options = {
+           method: 'POST',
+           signal: controller.signal,
+           body: params,
+           headers: {
+             'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+           }
          };
+         d3_json(url, options).then(function (data) {
+           cache.loaded[id] = true;
+           delete cache.inflight[id];
 
-         /**
-          * @override
-          */
-         HashMap.prototype.size = function size () {
-           return this.map_.size()
-         };
-
-         return HashMap;
-       }(Map$1$1));
-
-       var PrecisionModel = function PrecisionModel () {
-         this._modelType = null;
-         this._scale = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           this._modelType = PrecisionModel.FLOATING;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Type$2) {
-             var modelType = arguments[0];
-             this._modelType = modelType;
-             if (modelType === PrecisionModel.FIXED) {
-               this.setScale(1.0);
-             }
-           } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
-             var scale = arguments[0];
-             this._modelType = PrecisionModel.FIXED;
-             this.setScale(scale);
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof PrecisionModel) {
-             var pm = arguments[0];
-             this._modelType = pm._modelType;
-             this._scale = pm._scale;
+           if (!data || !data.currentPageItems || !data.currentPageItems.length) {
+             throw new Error('No Data');
            }
-         }
-       };
 
-       var staticAccessors$19 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true },maximumPreciseValue: { configurable: true } };
-       PrecisionModel.prototype.equals = function equals (other) {
-         if (!(other instanceof PrecisionModel)) {
-           return false
-         }
-         var otherPrecisionModel = other;
-         return this._modelType === otherPrecisionModel._modelType && this._scale === otherPrecisionModel._scale
-       };
-       PrecisionModel.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
-         var other = o;
-         var sigDigits = this.getMaximumSignificantDigits();
-         var otherSigDigits = other.getMaximumSignificantDigits();
-         return new Integer(sigDigits).compareTo(new Integer(otherSigDigits))
-       };
-       PrecisionModel.prototype.getScale = function getScale () {
-         return this._scale
-       };
-       PrecisionModel.prototype.isFloating = function isFloating () {
-         return this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FLOATING || this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FLOATING_SINGLE
-       };
-       PrecisionModel.prototype.getType = function getType () {
-         return this._modelType
-       };
-       PrecisionModel.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         var description = 'UNKNOWN';
-         if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FLOATING) {
-           description = 'Floating';
-         } else if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FLOATING_SINGLE) {
-           description = 'Floating-Single';
-         } else if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FIXED) {
-           description = 'Fixed (Scale=' + this.getScale() + ')';
-         }
-         return description
-       };
-       PrecisionModel.prototype.makePrecise = function makePrecise () {
-         if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
-           var val = arguments[0];
-           if (Double.isNaN(val)) { return val }
-           if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FLOATING_SINGLE) {
-             var floatSingleVal = val;
-             return floatSingleVal
-           }
-           if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FIXED) {
-             return Math.round(val * this._scale) / this._scale
-           }
-           return val
-         } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
-           var coord = arguments[0];
-           if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FLOATING) { return null }
-           coord.x = this.makePrecise(coord.x);
-           coord.y = this.makePrecise(coord.y);
-         }
-       };
-       PrecisionModel.prototype.getMaximumSignificantDigits = function getMaximumSignificantDigits () {
-         var maxSigDigits = 16;
-         if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FLOATING) {
-           maxSigDigits = 16;
-         } else if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FLOATING_SINGLE) {
-           maxSigDigits = 6;
-         } else if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FIXED) {
-           maxSigDigits = 1 + Math.trunc(Math.ceil(Math.log(this.getScale()) / Math.log(10)));
-         }
-         return maxSigDigits
-       };
-       PrecisionModel.prototype.setScale = function setScale (scale) {
-         this._scale = Math.abs(scale);
-       };
-       PrecisionModel.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Serializable, Comparable]
-       };
-       PrecisionModel.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return PrecisionModel
-       };
-       PrecisionModel.mostPrecise = function mostPrecise (pm1, pm2) {
-         if (pm1.compareTo(pm2) >= 0) { return pm1 }
-         return pm2
-       };
-       staticAccessors$19.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 7777263578777803835 };
-       staticAccessors$19.maximumPreciseValue.get = function () { return 9007199254740992.0 };
+           var features = data.currentPageItems.map(function (item) {
+             var loc = [+item.lng, +item.lat];
+             var d;
 
-       Object.defineProperties( PrecisionModel, staticAccessors$19 );
+             if (which === 'images') {
+               d = {
+                 loc: loc,
+                 key: item.id,
+                 ca: +item.heading,
+                 captured_at: item.shot_date || item.date_added,
+                 captured_by: item.username,
+                 imagePath: item.lth_name,
+                 sequence_id: item.sequence_id,
+                 sequence_index: +item.sequence_index
+               }; // cache sequence info
 
-       var Type$2 = function Type (name) {
-         this._name = name || null;
-         Type.nameToTypeMap.put(name, this);
-       };
+               var seq = _oscCache.sequences[d.sequence_id];
 
-       var staticAccessors$1$1 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true },nameToTypeMap: { configurable: true } };
-       Type$2.prototype.readResolve = function readResolve () {
-         return Type$2.nameToTypeMap.get(this._name)
-       };
-       Type$2.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         return this._name
-       };
-       Type$2.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Serializable]
-       };
-       Type$2.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Type$2
-       };
-       staticAccessors$1$1.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -5528602631731589822 };
-       staticAccessors$1$1.nameToTypeMap.get = function () { return new HashMap() };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( Type$2, staticAccessors$1$1 );
-
-       PrecisionModel.Type = Type$2;
-       PrecisionModel.FIXED = new Type$2('FIXED');
-       PrecisionModel.FLOATING = new Type$2('FLOATING');
-       PrecisionModel.FLOATING_SINGLE = new Type$2('FLOATING SINGLE');
-
-       var GeometryFactory = function GeometryFactory () {
-         this._precisionModel = new PrecisionModel();
-         this._SRID = 0;
-         this._coordinateSequenceFactory = GeometryFactory.getDefaultCoordinateSequenceFactory();
-
-         if (arguments.length === 0) ; else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequenceFactory)) {
-             this._coordinateSequenceFactory = arguments[0];
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof PrecisionModel) {
-             this._precisionModel = arguments[0];
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           this._precisionModel = arguments[0];
-           this._SRID = arguments[1];
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           this._precisionModel = arguments[0];
-           this._SRID = arguments[1];
-           this._coordinateSequenceFactory = arguments[2];
-         }
-       };
+               if (!seq) {
+                 seq = {
+                   rotation: 0,
+                   images: []
+                 };
+                 _oscCache.sequences[d.sequence_id] = seq;
+               }
 
-       var staticAccessors$2 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.toGeometry = function toGeometry (envelope) {
-         if (envelope.isNull()) {
-           return this.createPoint(null)
-         }
-         if (envelope.getMinX() === envelope.getMaxX() && envelope.getMinY() === envelope.getMaxY()) {
-           return this.createPoint(new Coordinate(envelope.getMinX(), envelope.getMinY()))
-         }
-         if (envelope.getMinX() === envelope.getMaxX() || envelope.getMinY() === envelope.getMaxY()) {
-           return this.createLineString([new Coordinate(envelope.getMinX(), envelope.getMinY()), new Coordinate(envelope.getMaxX(), envelope.getMaxY())])
-         }
-         return this.createPolygon(this.createLinearRing([new Coordinate(envelope.getMinX(), envelope.getMinY()), new Coordinate(envelope.getMinX(), envelope.getMaxY()), new Coordinate(envelope.getMaxX(), envelope.getMaxY()), new Coordinate(envelope.getMaxX(), envelope.getMinY()), new Coordinate(envelope.getMinX(), envelope.getMinY())]), null)
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.createLineString = function createLineString (coordinates) {
-         if (!coordinates) { return new LineString(this.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create([]), this) }
-         else if (coordinates instanceof Array) { return new LineString(this.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create(coordinates), this) }
-         else if (hasInterface(coordinates, CoordinateSequence)) { return new LineString(coordinates, this) }
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.createMultiLineString = function createMultiLineString () {
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           return new MultiLineString(null, this)
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var lineStrings = arguments[0];
-           return new MultiLineString(lineStrings, this)
-         }
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.buildGeometry = function buildGeometry (geomList) {
-         var geomClass = null;
-         var isHeterogeneous = false;
-         var hasGeometryCollection = false;
-         for (var i = geomList.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var geom = i.next();
-           var partClass = geom.getClass();
-           if (geomClass === null) {
-             geomClass = partClass;
-           }
-           if (partClass !== geomClass) {
-             isHeterogeneous = true;
-           }
-           if (geom.isGeometryCollectionOrDerived()) { hasGeometryCollection = true; }
-         }
-         if (geomClass === null) {
-           return this.createGeometryCollection()
-         }
-         if (isHeterogeneous || hasGeometryCollection) {
-           return this.createGeometryCollection(GeometryFactory.toGeometryArray(geomList))
-         }
-         var geom0 = geomList.iterator().next();
-         var isCollection = geomList.size() > 1;
-         if (isCollection) {
-           if (geom0 instanceof Polygon) {
-             return this.createMultiPolygon(GeometryFactory.toPolygonArray(geomList))
-           } else if (geom0 instanceof LineString) {
-             return this.createMultiLineString(GeometryFactory.toLineStringArray(geomList))
-           } else if (geom0 instanceof Point$1) {
-             return this.createMultiPoint(GeometryFactory.toPointArray(geomList))
-           }
-           Assert.shouldNeverReachHere('Unhandled class: ' + geom0.getClass().getName());
-         }
-         return geom0
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.createMultiPointFromCoords = function createMultiPointFromCoords (coordinates) {
-         return this.createMultiPoint(coordinates !== null ? this.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create(coordinates) : null)
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.createPoint = function createPoint () {
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           return this.createPoint(this.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create([]))
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
-             var coordinate = arguments[0];
-             return this.createPoint(coordinate !== null ? this.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create([coordinate]) : null)
-           } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequence)) {
-             var coordinates = arguments[0];
-             return new Point$1(coordinates, this)
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.getCoordinateSequenceFactory = function getCoordinateSequenceFactory () {
-         return this._coordinateSequenceFactory
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.createPolygon = function createPolygon () {
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           return new Polygon(null, null, this)
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequence)) {
-             var coordinates = arguments[0];
-             return this.createPolygon(this.createLinearRing(coordinates))
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
-             var coordinates$1 = arguments[0];
-             return this.createPolygon(this.createLinearRing(coordinates$1))
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof LinearRing) {
-             var shell = arguments[0];
-             return this.createPolygon(shell, null)
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var shell$1 = arguments[0];
-           var holes = arguments[1];
-           return new Polygon(shell$1, holes, this)
-         }
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.getSRID = function getSRID () {
-         return this._SRID
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.createGeometryCollection = function createGeometryCollection () {
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           return new GeometryCollection(null, this)
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var geometries = arguments[0];
-           return new GeometryCollection(geometries, this)
-         }
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.createGeometry = function createGeometry (g) {
-         var editor = new GeometryEditor(this);
-         return editor.edit(g, {
-           edit: function () {
-             if (arguments.length === 2) {
-               var coordSeq = arguments[0];
-               // const geometry = arguments[1]
-               return this._coordinateSequenceFactory.create(coordSeq)
+               seq.images[d.sequence_index] = d;
+               _oscCache.images.forImageKey[d.key] = d; // cache imageKey -> image
              }
-           }
-         })
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.getPrecisionModel = function getPrecisionModel () {
-         return this._precisionModel
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.createLinearRing = function createLinearRing () {
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           return this.createLinearRing(this.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create([]))
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
-             var coordinates = arguments[0];
-             return this.createLinearRing(coordinates !== null ? this.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create(coordinates) : null)
-           } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequence)) {
-             var coordinates$1 = arguments[0];
-             return new LinearRing(coordinates$1, this)
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.createMultiPolygon = function createMultiPolygon () {
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           return new MultiPolygon(null, this)
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var polygons = arguments[0];
-           return new MultiPolygon(polygons, this)
-         }
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.createMultiPoint = function createMultiPoint () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           return new MultiPoint(null, this)
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
-             var point = arguments[0];
-             return new MultiPoint(point, this)
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
-             var coordinates = arguments[0];
-             return this.createMultiPoint(coordinates !== null ? this.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create(coordinates) : null)
-           } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequence)) {
-             var coordinates$1 = arguments[0];
-             if (coordinates$1 === null) {
-               return this.createMultiPoint(new Array(0).fill(null))
-             }
-             var points = new Array(coordinates$1.size()).fill(null);
-             for (var i = 0; i < coordinates$1.size(); i++) {
-               var ptSeq = this$1.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create(1, coordinates$1.getDimension());
-               CoordinateSequences.copy(coordinates$1, i, ptSeq, 0, 1);
-               points[i] = this$1.createPoint(ptSeq);
-             }
-             return this.createMultiPoint(points)
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Serializable]
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return GeometryFactory
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.toMultiPolygonArray = function toMultiPolygonArray (multiPolygons) {
-         var multiPolygonArray = new Array(multiPolygons.size()).fill(null);
-         return multiPolygons.toArray(multiPolygonArray)
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.toGeometryArray = function toGeometryArray (geometries) {
-         if (geometries === null) { return null }
-         var geometryArray = new Array(geometries.size()).fill(null);
-         return geometries.toArray(geometryArray)
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.getDefaultCoordinateSequenceFactory = function getDefaultCoordinateSequenceFactory () {
-         return CoordinateArraySequenceFactory.instance()
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.toMultiLineStringArray = function toMultiLineStringArray (multiLineStrings) {
-         var multiLineStringArray = new Array(multiLineStrings.size()).fill(null);
-         return multiLineStrings.toArray(multiLineStringArray)
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.toLineStringArray = function toLineStringArray (lineStrings) {
-         var lineStringArray = new Array(lineStrings.size()).fill(null);
-         return lineStrings.toArray(lineStringArray)
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.toMultiPointArray = function toMultiPointArray (multiPoints) {
-         var multiPointArray = new Array(multiPoints.size()).fill(null);
-         return multiPoints.toArray(multiPointArray)
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.toLinearRingArray = function toLinearRingArray (linearRings) {
-         var linearRingArray = new Array(linearRings.size()).fill(null);
-         return linearRings.toArray(linearRingArray)
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.toPointArray = function toPointArray (points) {
-         var pointArray = new Array(points.size()).fill(null);
-         return points.toArray(pointArray)
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.toPolygonArray = function toPolygonArray (polygons) {
-         var polygonArray = new Array(polygons.size()).fill(null);
-         return polygons.toArray(polygonArray)
-       };
-       GeometryFactory.createPointFromInternalCoord = function createPointFromInternalCoord (coord, exemplar) {
-         exemplar.getPrecisionModel().makePrecise(coord);
-         return exemplar.getFactory().createPoint(coord)
-       };
-       staticAccessors$2.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -6820524753094095635 };
 
-       Object.defineProperties( GeometryFactory, staticAccessors$2 );
+             return {
+               minX: loc[0],
+               minY: loc[1],
+               maxX: loc[0],
+               maxY: loc[1],
+               data: d
+             };
+           });
+           cache.rtree.load(features);
 
-       var geometryTypes = ['Point', 'MultiPoint', 'LineString', 'MultiLineString', 'Polygon', 'MultiPolygon'];
+           if (data.currentPageItems.length === maxResults$1) {
+             // more pages to load
+             cache.nextPage[tile.id] = nextPage + 1;
+             loadNextTilePage$1(which, currZoom, url, tile);
+           } else {
+             cache.nextPage[tile.id] = Infinity; // no more pages to load
+           }
 
-       /**
-        * Class for reading and writing Well-Known Text.Create a new parser for GeoJSON
-        * NOTE: Adapted from OpenLayers 2.11 implementation.
-        */
+           if (which === 'images') {
+             dispatch$3.call('loadedImages');
+           }
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           cache.loaded[id] = true;
+           delete cache.inflight[id];
+         });
+       } // partition viewport into higher zoom tiles
 
-       /**
-        * Create a new parser for GeoJSON
-        *
-        * @param {GeometryFactory} geometryFactory
-        * @return An instance of GeoJsonParser.
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       var GeoJSONParser = function GeoJSONParser (geometryFactory) {
-         this.geometryFactory = geometryFactory || new GeometryFactory();
-       };
-       /**
-        * Deserialize a GeoJSON object and return the Geometry or Feature(Collection) with JSTS Geometries
-        *
-        * @param {}
-        *        A GeoJSON object.
-        * @return {} A Geometry instance or object representing a Feature(Collection) with Geometry instances.
-        * @private
-        */
-       GeoJSONParser.prototype.read = function read (json) {
-         var obj;
-         if (typeof json === 'string') {
-           obj = JSON.parse(json);
-         } else {
-           obj = json;
-         }
 
-         var type = obj.type;
+       function partitionViewport$1(projection) {
+         var z = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+         var z2 = Math.ceil(z * 2) / 2 + 2.5; // round to next 0.5 and add 2.5
 
-         if (!parse$2[type]) {
-           throw new Error('Unknown GeoJSON type: ' + obj.type)
-         }
+         var tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([z2, z2]);
+         return tiler.getTiles(projection).map(function (tile) {
+           return tile.extent;
+         });
+       } // no more than `limit` results per partition.
 
-         if (geometryTypes.indexOf(type) !== -1) {
-           return parse$2[type].apply(this, [obj.coordinates])
-         } else if (type === 'GeometryCollection') {
-           return parse$2[type].apply(this, [obj.geometries])
-         }
 
-         // feature or feature collection
-         return parse$2[type].apply(this, [obj])
-       };
+       function searchLimited$1(limit, projection, rtree) {
+         limit = limit || 5;
+         return partitionViewport$1(projection).reduce(function (result, extent) {
+           var found = rtree.search(extent.bbox()).slice(0, limit).map(function (d) {
+             return d.data;
+           });
+           return found.length ? result.concat(found) : result;
+         }, []);
+       }
 
-       /**
-        * Serialize a Geometry object into GeoJSON
-        *
-        * @param {Geometry}
-        *        geometry A Geometry or array of Geometries.
-        * @return {Object} A GeoJSON object represting the input Geometry/Geometries.
-        * @private
-        */
-       GeoJSONParser.prototype.write = function write (geometry) {
-         var type = geometry.getGeometryType();
+       var serviceKartaview = {
+         init: function init() {
+           if (!_oscCache) {
+             this.reset();
+           }
+
+           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$3, 'on');
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           if (_oscCache) {
+             Object.values(_oscCache.images.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
+           }
+
+           _oscCache = {
+             images: {
+               inflight: {},
+               loaded: {},
+               nextPage: {},
+               rtree: new RBush(),
+               forImageKey: {}
+             },
+             sequences: {}
+           };
+           _oscSelectedImage = null;
+         },
+         images: function images(projection) {
+           var limit = 5;
+           return searchLimited$1(limit, projection, _oscCache.images.rtree);
+         },
+         sequences: function sequences(projection) {
+           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
+           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
+           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
+           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+           var sequenceKeys = {}; // all sequences for images in viewport
 
-         if (!extract[type]) {
-           throw new Error('Geometry is not supported')
-         }
+           _oscCache.images.rtree.search(bbox).forEach(function (d) {
+             sequenceKeys[d.data.sequence_id] = true;
+           }); // make linestrings from those sequences
 
-         return extract[type].apply(this, [geometry])
-       };
 
-       var parse$2 = {
-         /**
-          * Parse a GeoJSON Feature object
-          *
-          * @param {Object}
-          *          obj Object to parse.
-          *
-          * @return {Object} Feature with geometry/bbox converted to JSTS Geometries.
-          */
-         Feature: function (obj) {
-           var feature = {};
+           var lineStrings = [];
+           Object.keys(sequenceKeys).forEach(function (sequenceKey) {
+             var seq = _oscCache.sequences[sequenceKey];
+             var images = seq && seq.images;
+
+             if (images) {
+               lineStrings.push({
+                 type: 'LineString',
+                 coordinates: images.map(function (d) {
+                   return d.loc;
+                 }).filter(Boolean),
+                 properties: {
+                   captured_at: images[0] ? images[0].captured_at : null,
+                   captured_by: images[0] ? images[0].captured_by : null,
+                   key: sequenceKey
+                 }
+               });
+             }
+           });
+           return lineStrings;
+         },
+         cachedImage: function cachedImage(imageKey) {
+           return _oscCache.images.forImageKey[imageKey];
+         },
+         loadImages: function loadImages(projection) {
+           var url = apibase$1 + '/1.0/list/nearby-photos/';
+           loadTiles$1('images', url, projection);
+         },
+         ensureViewerLoaded: function ensureViewerLoaded(context) {
+           if (_loadViewerPromise$1) return _loadViewerPromise$1; // add kartaview-wrapper
+
+           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').selectAll('.kartaview-wrapper').data([0]);
+           var that = this;
+           var wrapEnter = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'photo-wrapper kartaview-wrapper').classed('hide', true).call(imgZoom.on('zoom', zoomPan)).on('dblclick.zoom', null);
+           wrapEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'photo-attribution fillD');
+           var controlsEnter = wrapEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'photo-controls-wrap').append('div').attr('class', 'photo-controls');
+           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.back', step(-1)).text('◄');
+           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.rotate-ccw', rotate(-90)).text('⤿');
+           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.rotate-cw', rotate(90)).text('⤾');
+           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.forward', step(1)).text('►');
+           wrapEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'kartaview-image-wrap'); // Register viewer resize handler
+
+           context.ui().photoviewer.on('resize.kartaview', function (dimensions) {
+             imgZoom = d3_zoom().extent([[0, 0], dimensions]).translateExtent([[0, 0], dimensions]).scaleExtent([1, 15]).on('zoom', zoomPan);
+           });
 
-           // copy features
-           for (var key in obj) {
-             feature[key] = obj[key];
+           function zoomPan(d3_event) {
+             var t = d3_event.transform;
+             context.container().select('.photoviewer .kartaview-image-wrap').call(utilSetTransform, t.x, t.y, t.k);
+           }
+
+           function rotate(deg) {
+             return function () {
+               if (!_oscSelectedImage) return;
+               var sequenceKey = _oscSelectedImage.sequence_id;
+               var sequence = _oscCache.sequences[sequenceKey];
+               if (!sequence) return;
+               var r = sequence.rotation || 0;
+               r += deg;
+               if (r > 180) r -= 360;
+               if (r < -180) r += 360;
+               sequence.rotation = r;
+               var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer .kartaview-wrapper');
+               wrap.transition().duration(100).call(imgZoom.transform, identity$2);
+               wrap.selectAll('.kartaview-image').transition().duration(100).style('transform', 'rotate(' + r + 'deg)');
+             };
            }
 
-           // parse geometry
-           if (obj.geometry) {
-             var type = obj.geometry.type;
-             if (!parse$2[type]) {
-               throw new Error('Unknown GeoJSON type: ' + obj.type)
-             }
-             feature.geometry = this.read(obj.geometry);
-           }
+           function step(stepBy) {
+             return function () {
+               if (!_oscSelectedImage) return;
+               var sequenceKey = _oscSelectedImage.sequence_id;
+               var sequence = _oscCache.sequences[sequenceKey];
+               if (!sequence) return;
+               var nextIndex = _oscSelectedImage.sequence_index + stepBy;
+               var nextImage = sequence.images[nextIndex];
+               if (!nextImage) return;
+               context.map().centerEase(nextImage.loc);
+               that.selectImage(context, nextImage.key);
+             };
+           } // don't need any async loading so resolve immediately
 
-           // bbox
-           if (obj.bbox) {
-             feature.bbox = parse$2.bbox.apply(this, [obj.bbox]);
-           }
 
-           return feature
+           _loadViewerPromise$1 = Promise.resolve();
+           return _loadViewerPromise$1;
          },
+         showViewer: function showViewer(context) {
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer').classed('hide', false);
+           var isHidden = viewer.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.kartaview-wrapper.hide').size();
 
-         /**
-          * Parse a GeoJSON FeatureCollection object
-          *
-          * @param {Object}
-          *          obj Object to parse.
-          *
-          * @return {Object} FeatureCollection with geometry/bbox converted to JSTS Geometries.
-          */
-         FeatureCollection: function (obj) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           if (isHidden) {
+             viewer.selectAll('.photo-wrapper:not(.kartaview-wrapper)').classed('hide', true);
+             viewer.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.kartaview-wrapper').classed('hide', false);
+           }
+
+           return this;
+         },
+         hideViewer: function hideViewer(context) {
+           _oscSelectedImage = null;
+           this.updateUrlImage(null);
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(null);
+           viewer.classed('hide', true).selectAll('.photo-wrapper').classed('hide', true);
+           context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group, .sequence, .icon-sign').classed('currentView', false);
+           return this.setStyles(context, null, true);
+         },
+         selectImage: function selectImage(context, imageKey) {
+           var d = this.cachedImage(imageKey);
+           _oscSelectedImage = d;
+           this.updateUrlImage(imageKey);
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(d);
+           this.setStyles(context, null, true);
+           context.container().selectAll('.icon-sign').classed('currentView', false);
+           if (!d) return this;
+           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer .kartaview-wrapper');
+           var imageWrap = wrap.selectAll('.kartaview-image-wrap');
+           var attribution = wrap.selectAll('.photo-attribution').text('');
+           wrap.transition().duration(100).call(imgZoom.transform, identity$2);
+           imageWrap.selectAll('.kartaview-image').remove();
 
-           var featureCollection = {};
+           if (d) {
+             var sequence = _oscCache.sequences[d.sequence_id];
+             var r = sequence && sequence.rotation || 0;
+             imageWrap.append('img').attr('class', 'kartaview-image').attr('src', apibase$1 + '/' + d.imagePath).style('transform', 'rotate(' + r + 'deg)');
 
-           if (obj.features) {
-             featureCollection.features = [];
+             if (d.captured_by) {
+               attribution.append('a').attr('class', 'captured_by').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://kartaview.org/user/' + encodeURIComponent(d.captured_by)).text('@' + d.captured_by);
+               attribution.append('span').text('|');
+             }
 
-             for (var i = 0; i < obj.features.length; ++i) {
-               featureCollection.features.push(this$1.read(obj.features[i]));
+             if (d.captured_at) {
+               attribution.append('span').attr('class', 'captured_at').text(localeDateString(d.captured_at));
+               attribution.append('span').text('|');
              }
-           }
 
-           if (obj.bbox) {
-             featureCollection.bbox = this.parse.bbox.apply(this, [obj.bbox]);
+             attribution.append('a').attr('class', 'image-link').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://kartaview.org/details/' + d.sequence_id + '/' + d.sequence_index).text('kartaview.org');
            }
 
-           return featureCollection
-         },
+           return this;
 
-         /**
-          * Convert the ordinates in an array to an array of Coordinates
-          *
-          * @param {Array}
-          *          array Array with {Number}s.
-          *
-          * @return {Array} Array with Coordinates.
-          */
-         coordinates: function (array) {
-           var coordinates = [];
-           for (var i = 0; i < array.length; ++i) {
-             var sub = array[i];
-             coordinates.push(new Coordinate(sub[0], sub[1]));
+           function localeDateString(s) {
+             if (!s) return null;
+             var options = {
+               day: 'numeric',
+               month: 'short',
+               year: 'numeric'
+             };
+             var d = new Date(s);
+             if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
+             return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
            }
-           return coordinates
          },
-
-         /**
-          * Convert the bbox to a LinearRing
-          *
-          * @param {Array}
-          *          array Array with [xMin, yMin, xMax, yMax].
-          *
-          * @return {Array} Array with Coordinates.
-          */
-         bbox: function (array) {
-           return this.geometryFactory.createLinearRing([
-             new Coordinate(array[0], array[1]),
-             new Coordinate(array[2], array[1]),
-             new Coordinate(array[2], array[3]),
-             new Coordinate(array[0], array[3]),
-             new Coordinate(array[0], array[1])
-           ])
+         getSelectedImage: function getSelectedImage() {
+           return _oscSelectedImage;
          },
-
-         /**
-          * Convert an Array with ordinates to a Point
-          *
-          * @param {Array}
-          *          array Array with ordinates.
-          *
-          * @return {Point} Point.
-          */
-         Point: function (array) {
-           var coordinate = new Coordinate(array[0], array[1]);
-           return this.geometryFactory.createPoint(coordinate)
+         getSequenceKeyForImage: function getSequenceKeyForImage(d) {
+           return d && d.sequence_id;
          },
+         // Updates the currently highlighted sequence and selected bubble.
+         // Reset is only necessary when interacting with the viewport because
+         // this implicitly changes the currently selected bubble/sequence
+         setStyles: function setStyles(context, hovered, reset) {
+           if (reset) {
+             // reset all layers
+             context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group').classed('highlighted', false).classed('hovered', false).classed('currentView', false);
+             context.container().selectAll('.sequence').classed('highlighted', false).classed('currentView', false);
+           }
+
+           var hoveredImageKey = hovered && hovered.key;
+           var hoveredSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForImage(hovered);
+           var hoveredSequence = hoveredSequenceKey && _oscCache.sequences[hoveredSequenceKey];
+           var hoveredImageKeys = hoveredSequence && hoveredSequence.images.map(function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }) || [];
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
+           var selectedImageKey = selected && selected.key;
+           var selectedSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForImage(selected);
+           var selectedSequence = selectedSequenceKey && _oscCache.sequences[selectedSequenceKey];
+           var selectedImageKeys = selectedSequence && selectedSequence.images.map(function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }) || []; // highlight sibling viewfields on either the selected or the hovered sequences
+
+           var highlightedImageKeys = utilArrayUnion(hoveredImageKeys, selectedImageKeys);
+           context.container().selectAll('.layer-kartaview .viewfield-group').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
+             return highlightedImageKeys.indexOf(d.key) !== -1;
+           }).classed('hovered', function (d) {
+             return d.key === hoveredImageKey;
+           }).classed('currentView', function (d) {
+             return d.key === selectedImageKey;
+           });
+           context.container().selectAll('.layer-kartaview .sequence').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
+             return d.properties.key === hoveredSequenceKey;
+           }).classed('currentView', function (d) {
+             return d.properties.key === selectedSequenceKey;
+           }); // update viewfields if needed
 
-         /**
-          * Convert an Array with coordinates to a MultiPoint
-          *
-          * @param {Array}
-          *          array Array with coordinates.
-          *
-          * @return {MultiPoint} MultiPoint.
-          */
-         MultiPoint: function (array) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           context.container().selectAll('.layer-kartaview .viewfield-group .viewfield').attr('d', viewfieldPath);
 
-           var points = [];
-           for (var i = 0; i < array.length; ++i) {
-             points.push(parse$2.Point.apply(this$1, [array[i]]));
+           function viewfieldPath() {
+             var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
+
+             if (d.pano && d.key !== selectedImageKey) {
+               return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
+             } else {
+               return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
+             }
            }
-           return this.geometryFactory.createMultiPoint(points)
-         },
 
-         /**
-          * Convert an Array with coordinates to a LineString
-          *
-          * @param {Array}
-          *          array Array with coordinates.
-          *
-          * @return {LineString} LineString.
-          */
-         LineString: function (array) {
-           var coordinates = parse$2.coordinates.apply(this, [array]);
-           return this.geometryFactory.createLineString(coordinates)
+           return this;
          },
+         updateUrlImage: function updateUrlImage(imageKey) {
+           if (!window.mocha) {
+             var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
 
-         /**
-          * Convert an Array with coordinates to a MultiLineString
-          *
-          * @param {Array}
-          *          array Array with coordinates.
-          *
-          * @return {MultiLineString} MultiLineString.
-          */
-         MultiLineString: function (array) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             if (imageKey) {
+               hash.photo = 'kartaview/' + imageKey;
+             } else {
+               delete hash.photo;
+             }
 
-           var lineStrings = [];
-           for (var i = 0; i < array.length; ++i) {
-             lineStrings.push(parse$2.LineString.apply(this$1, [array[i]]));
+             window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
            }
-           return this.geometryFactory.createMultiLineString(lineStrings)
          },
+         cache: function cache() {
+           return _oscCache;
+         }
+       };
 
-         /**
-          * Convert an Array to a Polygon
-          *
-          * @param {Array}
-          *          array Array with shell and holes.
-          *
-          * @return {Polygon} Polygon.
-          */
-         Polygon: function (array) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+       var hashes$1 = {exports: {}};
 
-           var shellCoordinates = parse$2.coordinates.apply(this, [array[0]]);
-           var shell = this.geometryFactory.createLinearRing(shellCoordinates);
-           var holes = [];
-           for (var i = 1; i < array.length; ++i) {
-             var hole = array[i];
-             var coordinates = parse$2.coordinates.apply(this$1, [hole]);
-             var linearRing = this$1.geometryFactory.createLinearRing(coordinates);
-             holes.push(linearRing);
-           }
-           return this.geometryFactory.createPolygon(shell, holes)
-         },
+       (function (module, exports) {
+         (function () {
+           var Hashes;
 
-         /**
-          * Convert an Array to a MultiPolygon
-          *
-          * @param {Array}
-          *          array Array of arrays with shell and rings.
-          *
-          * @return {MultiPolygon} MultiPolygon.
-          */
-         MultiPolygon: function (array) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           function utf8Encode(str) {
+             var x,
+                 y,
+                 output = '',
+                 i = -1,
+                 l;
 
-           var polygons = [];
-           for (var i = 0; i < array.length; ++i) {
-             var polygon = array[i];
-             polygons.push(parse$2.Polygon.apply(this$1, [polygon]));
-           }
-           return this.geometryFactory.createMultiPolygon(polygons)
-         },
+             if (str && str.length) {
+               l = str.length;
 
-         /**
-          * Convert an Array to a GeometryCollection
-          *
-          * @param {Array}
-          *          array Array of GeoJSON geometries.
-          *
-          * @return {GeometryCollection} GeometryCollection.
-          */
-         GeometryCollection: function (array) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               while ((i += 1) < l) {
+                 /* Decode utf-16 surrogate pairs */
+                 x = str.charCodeAt(i);
+                 y = i + 1 < l ? str.charCodeAt(i + 1) : 0;
 
-           var geometries = [];
-           for (var i = 0; i < array.length; ++i) {
-             var geometry = array[i];
-             geometries.push(this$1.read(geometry));
-           }
-           return this.geometryFactory.createGeometryCollection(geometries)
-         }
-       };
+                 if (0xD800 <= x && x <= 0xDBFF && 0xDC00 <= y && y <= 0xDFFF) {
+                   x = 0x10000 + ((x & 0x03FF) << 10) + (y & 0x03FF);
+                   i += 1;
+                 }
+                 /* Encode output as utf-8 */
 
-       var extract = {
-         /**
-          * Convert a Coordinate to an Array
-          *
-          * @param {Coordinate}
-          *          coordinate Coordinate to convert.
-          *
-          * @return {Array} Array of ordinates.
-          */
-         coordinate: function (coordinate) {
-           return [coordinate.x, coordinate.y]
-         },
 
-         /**
-          * Convert a Point to a GeoJSON object
-          *
-          * @param {Point}
-          *          point Point to convert.
-          *
-          * @return {Array} Array of 2 ordinates (paired to a coordinate).
-          */
-         Point: function (point) {
-           var array = extract.coordinate.apply(this, [point.getCoordinate()]);
-           return {
-             type: 'Point',
-             coordinates: array
+                 if (x <= 0x7F) {
+                   output += String.fromCharCode(x);
+                 } else if (x <= 0x7FF) {
+                   output += String.fromCharCode(0xC0 | x >>> 6 & 0x1F, 0x80 | x & 0x3F);
+                 } else if (x <= 0xFFFF) {
+                   output += String.fromCharCode(0xE0 | x >>> 12 & 0x0F, 0x80 | x >>> 6 & 0x3F, 0x80 | x & 0x3F);
+                 } else if (x <= 0x1FFFFF) {
+                   output += String.fromCharCode(0xF0 | x >>> 18 & 0x07, 0x80 | x >>> 12 & 0x3F, 0x80 | x >>> 6 & 0x3F, 0x80 | x & 0x3F);
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+
+             return output;
            }
-         },
 
-         /**
-          * Convert a MultiPoint to a GeoJSON object
-          *
-          * @param {MultiPoint}
-          *          multipoint MultiPoint to convert.
-          *
-          * @return {Array} Array of coordinates.
-          */
-         MultiPoint: function (multipoint) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           function utf8Decode(str) {
+             var i,
+                 ac,
+                 c1,
+                 c2,
+                 c3,
+                 arr = [],
+                 l;
+             i = ac = c1 = c2 = c3 = 0;
 
-           var array = [];
-           for (var i = 0; i < multipoint._geometries.length; ++i) {
-             var point = multipoint._geometries[i];
-             var geoJson = extract.Point.apply(this$1, [point]);
-             array.push(geoJson.coordinates);
-           }
-           return {
-             type: 'MultiPoint',
-             coordinates: array
-           }
-         },
+             if (str && str.length) {
+               l = str.length;
+               str += '';
 
-         /**
-          * Convert a LineString to a GeoJSON object
-          *
-          * @param {LineString}
-          *          linestring LineString to convert.
-          *
-          * @return {Array} Array of coordinates.
-          */
-         LineString: function (linestring) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               while (i < l) {
+                 c1 = str.charCodeAt(i);
+                 ac += 1;
 
-           var array = [];
-           var coordinates = linestring.getCoordinates();
-           for (var i = 0; i < coordinates.length; ++i) {
-             var coordinate = coordinates[i];
-             array.push(extract.coordinate.apply(this$1, [coordinate]));
-           }
-           return {
-             type: 'LineString',
-             coordinates: array
+                 if (c1 < 128) {
+                   arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(c1);
+                   i += 1;
+                 } else if (c1 > 191 && c1 < 224) {
+                   c2 = str.charCodeAt(i + 1);
+                   arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode((c1 & 31) << 6 | c2 & 63);
+                   i += 2;
+                 } else {
+                   c2 = str.charCodeAt(i + 1);
+                   c3 = str.charCodeAt(i + 2);
+                   arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode((c1 & 15) << 12 | (c2 & 63) << 6 | c3 & 63);
+                   i += 3;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
+
+             return arr.join('');
            }
-         },
+           /**
+            * Add integers, wrapping at 2^32. This uses 16-bit operations internally
+            * to work around bugs in some JS interpreters.
+            */
 
-         /**
-          * Convert a MultiLineString to a GeoJSON object
-          *
-          * @param {MultiLineString}
-          *          multilinestring MultiLineString to convert.
-          *
-          * @return {Array} Array of Array of coordinates.
-          */
-         MultiLineString: function (multilinestring) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-           var array = [];
-           for (var i = 0; i < multilinestring._geometries.length; ++i) {
-             var linestring = multilinestring._geometries[i];
-             var geoJson = extract.LineString.apply(this$1, [linestring]);
-             array.push(geoJson.coordinates);
-           }
-           return {
-             type: 'MultiLineString',
-             coordinates: array
+           function safe_add(x, y) {
+             var lsw = (x & 0xFFFF) + (y & 0xFFFF),
+                 msw = (x >> 16) + (y >> 16) + (lsw >> 16);
+             return msw << 16 | lsw & 0xFFFF;
            }
-         },
+           /**
+            * Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number to the left.
+            */
 
-         /**
-          * Convert a Polygon to a GeoJSON object
-          *
-          * @param {Polygon}
-          *          polygon Polygon to convert.
-          *
-          * @return {Array} Array with shell, holes.
-          */
-         Polygon: function (polygon) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-           var array = [];
-           var shellGeoJson = extract.LineString.apply(this, [polygon._shell]);
-           array.push(shellGeoJson.coordinates);
-           for (var i = 0; i < polygon._holes.length; ++i) {
-             var hole = polygon._holes[i];
-             var holeGeoJson = extract.LineString.apply(this$1, [hole]);
-             array.push(holeGeoJson.coordinates);
-           }
-           return {
-             type: 'Polygon',
-             coordinates: array
+           function bit_rol(num, cnt) {
+             return num << cnt | num >>> 32 - cnt;
            }
-         },
+           /**
+            * Convert a raw string to a hex string
+            */
 
-         /**
-          * Convert a MultiPolygon to a GeoJSON object
-          *
-          * @param {MultiPolygon}
-          *          multipolygon MultiPolygon to convert.
-          *
-          * @return {Array} Array of polygons.
-          */
-         MultiPolygon: function (multipolygon) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-           var array = [];
-           for (var i = 0; i < multipolygon._geometries.length; ++i) {
-             var polygon = multipolygon._geometries[i];
-             var geoJson = extract.Polygon.apply(this$1, [polygon]);
-             array.push(geoJson.coordinates);
-           }
-           return {
-             type: 'MultiPolygon',
-             coordinates: array
-           }
-         },
+           function rstr2hex(input, hexcase) {
+             var hex_tab = hexcase ? '0123456789ABCDEF' : '0123456789abcdef',
+                 output = '',
+                 x,
+                 i = 0,
+                 l = input.length;
 
-         /**
-          * Convert a GeometryCollection to a GeoJSON object
-          *
-          * @param {GeometryCollection}
-          *          collection GeometryCollection to convert.
-          *
-          * @return {Array} Array of geometries.
-          */
-         GeometryCollection: function (collection) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             for (; i < l; i += 1) {
+               x = input.charCodeAt(i);
+               output += hex_tab.charAt(x >>> 4 & 0x0F) + hex_tab.charAt(x & 0x0F);
+             }
 
-           var array = [];
-           for (var i = 0; i < collection._geometries.length; ++i) {
-             var geometry = collection._geometries[i];
-             var type = geometry.getGeometryType();
-             array.push(extract[type].apply(this$1, [geometry]));
+             return output;
            }
-           return {
-             type: 'GeometryCollection',
-             geometries: array
-           }
-         }
-       };
+           /**
+            * Convert an array of big-endian words to a string
+            */
 
-       /**
-        * Converts a geometry in GeoJSON to a {@link Geometry}.
-        */
 
-       /**
-        * A <code>GeoJSONReader</code> is parameterized by a <code>GeometryFactory</code>,
-        * to allow it to create <code>Geometry</code> objects of the appropriate
-        * implementation. In particular, the <code>GeometryFactory</code> determines
-        * the <code>PrecisionModel</code> and <code>SRID</code> that is used.
-        *
-        * @param {GeometryFactory} geometryFactory
-        * @constructor
-        */
-       var GeoJSONReader = function GeoJSONReader (geometryFactory) {
-         this.geometryFactory = geometryFactory || new GeometryFactory();
-         this.precisionModel = this.geometryFactory.getPrecisionModel();
-         this.parser = new GeoJSONParser(this.geometryFactory);
-       };
-       /**
-        * Reads a GeoJSON representation of a {@link Geometry}
-        *
-        * Will also parse GeoJSON Features/FeatureCollections as custom objects.
-        *
-        * @param {Object|String} geoJson a GeoJSON Object or String.
-        * @return {Geometry|Object} a <code>Geometry or Feature/FeatureCollection representation.</code>
-        * @memberof GeoJSONReader
-        */
-       GeoJSONReader.prototype.read = function read (geoJson) {
-         var geometry = this.parser.read(geoJson);
+           function binb2rstr(input) {
+             var i,
+                 l = input.length * 32,
+                 output = '';
 
-         if (this.precisionModel.getType() === PrecisionModel.FIXED) {
-           this.reducePrecision(geometry);
-         }
+             for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
+               output += String.fromCharCode(input[i >> 5] >>> 24 - i % 32 & 0xFF);
+             }
 
-         return geometry
-       };
+             return output;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Convert an array of little-endian words to a string
+            */
 
-       // NOTE: this is a hack
-       GeoJSONReader.prototype.reducePrecision = function reducePrecision (geometry) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         var i, len;
+           function binl2rstr(input) {
+             var i,
+                 l = input.length * 32,
+                 output = '';
 
-         if (geometry.coordinate) {
-           this.precisionModel.makePrecise(geometry.coordinate);
-         } else if (geometry.points) {
-           for (i = 0, len = geometry.points.length; i < len; i++) {
-             this$1.precisionModel.makePrecise(geometry.points[i]);
-           }
-         } else if (geometry.geometries) {
-           for (i = 0, len = geometry.geometries.length; i < len; i++) {
-             this$1.reducePrecision(geometry.geometries[i]);
-           }
-         }
-       };
+             for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
+               output += String.fromCharCode(input[i >> 5] >>> i % 32 & 0xFF);
+             }
 
-       /**
-        * @module GeoJSONWriter
-        */
+             return output;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Convert a raw string to an array of little-endian words
+            * Characters >255 have their high-byte silently ignored.
+            */
 
-       /**
-        * Writes the GeoJSON representation of a {@link Geometry}. The
-        * The GeoJSON format is defined <A
-        * HREF="http://geojson.org/geojson-spec.html">here</A>.
-        */
 
-       /**
-        * The <code>GeoJSONWriter</code> outputs coordinates rounded to the precision
-        * model. Only the maximum number of decimal places necessary to represent the
-        * ordinates to the required precision will be output.
-        *
-        * @param {GeometryFactory} geometryFactory
-        * @constructor
-        */
-       var GeoJSONWriter = function GeoJSONWriter () {
-         this.parser = new GeoJSONParser(this.geometryFactory);
-       };
-       /**
-        * Converts a <code>Geometry</code> to its GeoJSON representation.
-        *
-        * @param {Geometry}
-        *        geometry a <code>Geometry</code> to process.
-        * @return {Object} The GeoJSON representation of the Geometry.
-        * @memberof GeoJSONWriter
-        */
-       GeoJSONWriter.prototype.write = function write (geometry) {
-         return this.parser.write(geometry)
-       };
+           function rstr2binl(input) {
+             var i,
+                 l = input.length * 8,
+                 output = Array(input.length >> 2),
+                 lo = output.length;
 
-       /* eslint-disable no-undef */
+             for (i = 0; i < lo; i += 1) {
+               output[i] = 0;
+             }
 
-       // io
+             for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
+               output[i >> 5] |= (input.charCodeAt(i / 8) & 0xFF) << i % 32;
+             }
 
-       var Position = function Position () {};
+             return output;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Convert a raw string to an array of big-endian words
+            * Characters >255 have their high-byte silently ignored.
+            */
 
-       var staticAccessors$20 = { ON: { configurable: true },LEFT: { configurable: true },RIGHT: { configurable: true } };
 
-       Position.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       Position.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Position
-       };
-       Position.opposite = function opposite (position) {
-         if (position === Position.LEFT) { return Position.RIGHT }
-         if (position === Position.RIGHT) { return Position.LEFT }
-         return position
-       };
-       staticAccessors$20.ON.get = function () { return 0 };
-       staticAccessors$20.LEFT.get = function () { return 1 };
-       staticAccessors$20.RIGHT.get = function () { return 2 };
+           function rstr2binb(input) {
+             var i,
+                 l = input.length * 8,
+                 output = Array(input.length >> 2),
+                 lo = output.length;
 
-       Object.defineProperties( Position, staticAccessors$20 );
+             for (i = 0; i < lo; i += 1) {
+               output[i] = 0;
+             }
 
-       /**
-        * @param {string=} message Optional message
-        * @extends {Error}
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       function EmptyStackException (message) {
-         this.message = message || '';
-       }
-       EmptyStackException.prototype = new Error();
+             for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
+               output[i >> 5] |= (input.charCodeAt(i / 8) & 0xFF) << 24 - i % 32;
+             }
 
-       /**
-        * @type {string}
-        */
-       EmptyStackException.prototype.name = 'EmptyStackException';
+             return output;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Convert a raw string to an arbitrary string encoding
+            */
 
-       /**
-        * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Stack.html
-        *
-        * @extends {List}
-        * @constructor
-        * @private
-        */
-       function Stack () {
-         /**
-          * @type {Array}
-          * @private
-          */
-         this.array_ = [];
-       }
-       Stack.prototype = new List();
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       Stack.prototype.add = function (e) {
-         this.array_.push(e);
-         return true
-       };
+           function rstr2any(input, encoding) {
+             var divisor = encoding.length,
+                 remainders = Array(),
+                 i,
+                 q,
+                 x,
+                 ld,
+                 quotient,
+                 dividend,
+                 output,
+                 full_length;
+             /* Convert to an array of 16-bit big-endian values, forming the dividend */
 
-       /**
-        * @override
-        */
-       Stack.prototype.get = function (index) {
-         if (index < 0 || index >= this.size()) {
-           throw new Error()
-         }
+             dividend = Array(Math.ceil(input.length / 2));
+             ld = dividend.length;
 
-         return this.array_[index]
-       };
+             for (i = 0; i < ld; i += 1) {
+               dividend[i] = input.charCodeAt(i * 2) << 8 | input.charCodeAt(i * 2 + 1);
+             }
+             /**
+              * Repeatedly perform a long division. The binary array forms the dividend,
+              * the length of the encoding is the divisor. Once computed, the quotient
+              * forms the dividend for the next step. We stop when the dividend is zerHashes.
+              * All remainders are stored for later use.
+              */
 
-       /**
-        * Pushes an item onto the top of this stack.
-        * @param {Object} e
-        * @return {Object}
-        */
-       Stack.prototype.push = function (e) {
-         this.array_.push(e);
-         return e
-       };
 
-       /**
-        * Pushes an item onto the top of this stack.
-        * @param {Object} e
-        * @return {Object}
-        */
-       Stack.prototype.pop = function (e) {
-         if (this.array_.length === 0) {
-           throw new EmptyStackException()
-         }
+             while (dividend.length > 0) {
+               quotient = Array();
+               x = 0;
 
-         return this.array_.pop()
-       };
+               for (i = 0; i < dividend.length; i += 1) {
+                 x = (x << 16) + dividend[i];
+                 q = Math.floor(x / divisor);
+                 x -= q * divisor;
 
-       /**
-        * Looks at the object at the top of this stack without removing it from the
-        * stack.
-        * @return {Object}
-        */
-       Stack.prototype.peek = function () {
-         if (this.array_.length === 0) {
-           throw new EmptyStackException()
-         }
+                 if (quotient.length > 0 || q > 0) {
+                   quotient[quotient.length] = q;
+                 }
+               }
 
-         return this.array_[this.array_.length - 1]
-       };
+               remainders[remainders.length] = x;
+               dividend = quotient;
+             }
+             /* Convert the remainders to the output string */
 
-       /**
-        * Tests if this stack is empty.
-        * @return {boolean} true if and only if this stack contains no items; false
-        *         otherwise.
-        */
-       Stack.prototype.empty = function () {
-         if (this.array_.length === 0) {
-           return true
-         } else {
-           return false
-         }
-       };
 
-       /**
-        * @return {boolean}
-        */
-       Stack.prototype.isEmpty = function () {
-         return this.empty()
-       };
+             output = '';
 
-       /**
-        * Returns the 1-based position where an object is on this stack. If the object
-        * o occurs as an item in this stack, this method returns the distance from the
-        * top of the stack of the occurrence nearest the top of the stack; the topmost
-        * item on the stack is considered to be at distance 1. The equals method is
-        * used to compare o to the items in this stack.
-        *
-        * NOTE: does not currently actually use equals. (=== is used)
-        *
-        * @param {Object} o
-        * @return {number} the 1-based position from the top of the stack where the
-        *         object is located; the return value -1 indicates that the object is
-        *         not on the stack.
-        */
-       Stack.prototype.search = function (o) {
-         return this.array_.indexOf(o)
-       };
+             for (i = remainders.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+               output += encoding.charAt(remainders[i]);
+             }
+             /* Append leading zero equivalents */
 
-       /**
-        * @return {number}
-        * @export
-        */
-       Stack.prototype.size = function () {
-         return this.array_.length
-       };
 
-       /**
-        * @return {Array}
-        */
-       Stack.prototype.toArray = function () {
-         var this$1 = this;
+             full_length = Math.ceil(input.length * 8 / (Math.log(encoding.length) / Math.log(2)));
 
-         var array = [];
+             for (i = output.length; i < full_length; i += 1) {
+               output = encoding[0] + output;
+             }
 
-         for (var i = 0, len = this.array_.length; i < len; i++) {
-           array.push(this$1.array_[i]);
-         }
+             return output;
+           }
+           /**
+            * Convert a raw string to a base-64 string
+            */
 
-         return array
-       };
 
-       var RightmostEdgeFinder = function RightmostEdgeFinder () {
-         this._minIndex = -1;
-         this._minCoord = null;
-         this._minDe = null;
-         this._orientedDe = null;
-       };
-       RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-         return this._minCoord
-       };
-       RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.getRightmostSide = function getRightmostSide (de, index) {
-         var side = this.getRightmostSideOfSegment(de, index);
-         if (side < 0) { side = this.getRightmostSideOfSegment(de, index - 1); }
-         if (side < 0) {
-           this._minCoord = null;
-           this.checkForRightmostCoordinate(de);
-         }
-         return side
-       };
-       RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.findRightmostEdgeAtVertex = function findRightmostEdgeAtVertex () {
-         var pts = this._minDe.getEdge().getCoordinates();
-         Assert.isTrue(this._minIndex > 0 && this._minIndex < pts.length, 'rightmost point expected to be interior vertex of edge');
-         var pPrev = pts[this._minIndex - 1];
-         var pNext = pts[this._minIndex + 1];
-         var orientation = CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation(this._minCoord, pNext, pPrev);
-         var usePrev = false;
-         if (pPrev.y < this._minCoord.y && pNext.y < this._minCoord.y && orientation === CGAlgorithms.COUNTERCLOCKWISE) {
-           usePrev = true;
-         } else if (pPrev.y > this._minCoord.y && pNext.y > this._minCoord.y && orientation === CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE) {
-           usePrev = true;
-         }
-         if (usePrev) {
-           this._minIndex = this._minIndex - 1;
-         }
-       };
-       RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.getRightmostSideOfSegment = function getRightmostSideOfSegment (de, i) {
-         var e = de.getEdge();
-         var coord = e.getCoordinates();
-         if (i < 0 || i + 1 >= coord.length) { return -1 }
-         if (coord[i].y === coord[i + 1].y) { return -1 }
-         var pos = Position.LEFT;
-         if (coord[i].y < coord[i + 1].y) { pos = Position.RIGHT; }
-         return pos
-       };
-       RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.getEdge = function getEdge () {
-         return this._orientedDe
-       };
-       RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.checkForRightmostCoordinate = function checkForRightmostCoordinate (de) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           function rstr2b64(input, b64pad) {
+             var tab = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/',
+                 output = '',
+                 len = input.length,
+                 i,
+                 j,
+                 triplet;
+             b64pad = b64pad || '=';
+
+             for (i = 0; i < len; i += 3) {
+               triplet = input.charCodeAt(i) << 16 | (i + 1 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 1) << 8 : 0) | (i + 2 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 2) : 0);
+
+               for (j = 0; j < 4; j += 1) {
+                 if (i * 8 + j * 6 > input.length * 8) {
+                   output += b64pad;
+                 } else {
+                   output += tab.charAt(triplet >>> 6 * (3 - j) & 0x3F);
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-         var coord = de.getEdge().getCoordinates();
-         for (var i = 0; i < coord.length - 1; i++) {
-           if (this$1._minCoord === null || coord[i].x > this$1._minCoord.x) {
-             this$1._minDe = de;
-             this$1._minIndex = i;
-             this$1._minCoord = coord[i];
+             return output;
            }
-         }
-       };
-       RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.findRightmostEdgeAtNode = function findRightmostEdgeAtNode () {
-         var node = this._minDe.getNode();
-         var star = node.getEdges();
-         this._minDe = star.getRightmostEdge();
-         if (!this._minDe.isForward()) {
-           this._minDe = this._minDe.getSym();
-           this._minIndex = this._minDe.getEdge().getCoordinates().length - 1;
-         }
-       };
-       RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.findEdge = function findEdge (dirEdgeList) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         for (var i = dirEdgeList.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var de = i.next();
-           if (!de.isForward()) { continue }
-           this$1.checkForRightmostCoordinate(de);
-         }
-         Assert.isTrue(this._minIndex !== 0 || this._minCoord.equals(this._minDe.getCoordinate()), 'inconsistency in rightmost processing');
-         if (this._minIndex === 0) {
-           this.findRightmostEdgeAtNode();
-         } else {
-           this.findRightmostEdgeAtVertex();
-         }
-         this._orientedDe = this._minDe;
-         var rightmostSide = this.getRightmostSide(this._minDe, this._minIndex);
-         if (rightmostSide === Position.LEFT) {
-           this._orientedDe = this._minDe.getSym();
-         }
-       };
-       RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return RightmostEdgeFinder
-       };
+           Hashes = {
+             /**
+              * @property {String} version
+              * @readonly
+              */
+             VERSION: '1.0.6',
 
-       var TopologyException = (function (RuntimeException$$1) {
-         function TopologyException (msg, pt) {
-           RuntimeException$$1.call(this, TopologyException.msgWithCoord(msg, pt));
-           this.pt = pt ? new Coordinate(pt) : null;
-           this.name = 'TopologyException';
-         }
+             /**
+              * @member Hashes
+              * @class Base64
+              * @constructor
+              */
+             Base64: function Base64() {
+               // private properties
+               var tab = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/',
+                   pad = '=',
+                   // URL encoding support @todo
+               utf8 = true; // by default enable UTF-8 support encoding
+               // public method for encoding
+
+               this.encode = function (input) {
+                 var i,
+                     j,
+                     triplet,
+                     output = '',
+                     len = input.length;
+                 pad = pad || '=';
+                 input = utf8 ? utf8Encode(input) : input;
+
+                 for (i = 0; i < len; i += 3) {
+                   triplet = input.charCodeAt(i) << 16 | (i + 1 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 1) << 8 : 0) | (i + 2 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 2) : 0);
+
+                   for (j = 0; j < 4; j += 1) {
+                     if (i * 8 + j * 6 > len * 8) {
+                       output += pad;
+                     } else {
+                       output += tab.charAt(triplet >>> 6 * (3 - j) & 0x3F);
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
 
-         if ( RuntimeException$$1 ) TopologyException.__proto__ = RuntimeException$$1;
-         TopologyException.prototype = Object.create( RuntimeException$$1 && RuntimeException$$1.prototype );
-         TopologyException.prototype.constructor = TopologyException;
-         TopologyException.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-           return this.pt
-         };
-         TopologyException.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         TopologyException.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return TopologyException
-         };
-         TopologyException.msgWithCoord = function msgWithCoord (msg, pt) {
-           if (!pt) { return msg + ' [ ' + pt + ' ]' }
-           return msg
-         };
+                 return output;
+               }; // public method for decoding
+
+
+               this.decode = function (input) {
+                 // var b64 = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=';
+                 var i,
+                     o1,
+                     o2,
+                     o3,
+                     h1,
+                     h2,
+                     h3,
+                     h4,
+                     bits,
+                     ac,
+                     dec = '',
+                     arr = [];
+
+                 if (!input) {
+                   return input;
+                 }
 
-         return TopologyException;
-       }(RuntimeException));
+                 i = ac = 0;
+                 input = input.replace(new RegExp('\\' + pad, 'gi'), ''); // use '='
+                 //input += '';
+
+                 do {
+                   // unpack four hexets into three octets using index points in b64
+                   h1 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
+                   h2 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
+                   h3 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
+                   h4 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
+                   bits = h1 << 18 | h2 << 12 | h3 << 6 | h4;
+                   o1 = bits >> 16 & 0xff;
+                   o2 = bits >> 8 & 0xff;
+                   o3 = bits & 0xff;
+                   ac += 1;
+
+                   if (h3 === 64) {
+                     arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(o1);
+                   } else if (h4 === 64) {
+                     arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(o1, o2);
+                   } else {
+                     arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(o1, o2, o3);
+                   }
+                 } while (i < input.length);
 
-       var LinkedList = function LinkedList () {
-         this.array_ = [];
-       };
-       LinkedList.prototype.addLast = function addLast (e) {
-         this.array_.push(e);
-       };
-       LinkedList.prototype.removeFirst = function removeFirst () {
-         return this.array_.shift()
-       };
-       LinkedList.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
-         return this.array_.length === 0
-       };
+                 dec = arr.join('');
+                 dec = utf8 ? utf8Decode(dec) : dec;
+                 return dec;
+               }; // set custom pad string
 
-       var BufferSubgraph = function BufferSubgraph () {
-         this._finder = null;
-         this._dirEdgeList = new ArrayList();
-         this._nodes = new ArrayList();
-         this._rightMostCoord = null;
-         this._env = null;
-         this._finder = new RightmostEdgeFinder();
-       };
-       BufferSubgraph.prototype.clearVisitedEdges = function clearVisitedEdges () {
-         for (var it = this._dirEdgeList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var de = it.next();
-           de.setVisited(false);
-         }
-       };
-       BufferSubgraph.prototype.getRightmostCoordinate = function getRightmostCoordinate () {
-         return this._rightMostCoord
-       };
-       BufferSubgraph.prototype.computeNodeDepth = function computeNodeDepth (n) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         var startEdge = null;
-         for (var i = n.getEdges().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var de = i.next();
-           if (de.isVisited() || de.getSym().isVisited()) {
-             startEdge = de;
-             break
-           }
-         }
-         if (startEdge === null) { throw new TopologyException('unable to find edge to compute depths at ' + n.getCoordinate()) }
-         n.getEdges().computeDepths(startEdge);
-         for (var i$1 = n.getEdges().iterator(); i$1.hasNext();) {
-           var de$1 = i$1.next();
-           de$1.setVisited(true);
-           this$1.copySymDepths(de$1);
-         }
-       };
-       BufferSubgraph.prototype.computeDepth = function computeDepth (outsideDepth) {
-         this.clearVisitedEdges();
-         var de = this._finder.getEdge();
-         // const n = de.getNode()
-         // const label = de.getLabel()
-         de.setEdgeDepths(Position.RIGHT, outsideDepth);
-         this.copySymDepths(de);
-         this.computeDepths(de);
-       };
-       BufferSubgraph.prototype.create = function create (node) {
-         this.addReachable(node);
-         this._finder.findEdge(this._dirEdgeList);
-         this._rightMostCoord = this._finder.getCoordinate();
-       };
-       BufferSubgraph.prototype.findResultEdges = function findResultEdges () {
-         for (var it = this._dirEdgeList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var de = it.next();
-           if (de.getDepth(Position.RIGHT) >= 1 && de.getDepth(Position.LEFT) <= 0 && !de.isInteriorAreaEdge()) {
-             de.setInResult(true);
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       BufferSubgraph.prototype.computeDepths = function computeDepths (startEdge) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         var nodesVisited = new HashSet();
-         var nodeQueue = new LinkedList();
-         var startNode = startEdge.getNode();
-         nodeQueue.addLast(startNode);
-         nodesVisited.add(startNode);
-         startEdge.setVisited(true);
-         while (!nodeQueue.isEmpty()) {
-           var n = nodeQueue.removeFirst();
-           nodesVisited.add(n);
-           this$1.computeNodeDepth(n);
-           for (var i = n.getEdges().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var de = i.next();
-             var sym = de.getSym();
-             if (sym.isVisited()) { continue }
-             var adjNode = sym.getNode();
-             if (!nodesVisited.contains(adjNode)) {
-               nodeQueue.addLast(adjNode);
-               nodesVisited.add(adjNode);
-             }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       BufferSubgraph.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
-         var graph = o;
-         if (this._rightMostCoord.x < graph._rightMostCoord.x) {
-           return -1
-         }
-         if (this._rightMostCoord.x > graph._rightMostCoord.x) {
-           return 1
-         }
-         return 0
-       };
-       BufferSubgraph.prototype.getEnvelope = function getEnvelope () {
-         if (this._env === null) {
-           var edgeEnv = new Envelope();
-           for (var it = this._dirEdgeList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-             var dirEdge = it.next();
-             var pts = dirEdge.getEdge().getCoordinates();
-             for (var i = 0; i < pts.length - 1; i++) {
-               edgeEnv.expandToInclude(pts[i]);
-             }
-           }
-           this._env = edgeEnv;
-         }
-         return this._env
-       };
-       BufferSubgraph.prototype.addReachable = function addReachable (startNode) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               this.setPad = function (str) {
+                 pad = str || pad;
+                 return this;
+               }; // set custom tab string characters
 
-         var nodeStack = new Stack();
-         nodeStack.add(startNode);
-         while (!nodeStack.empty()) {
-           var node = nodeStack.pop();
-           this$1.add(node, nodeStack);
-         }
-       };
-       BufferSubgraph.prototype.copySymDepths = function copySymDepths (de) {
-         var sym = de.getSym();
-         sym.setDepth(Position.LEFT, de.getDepth(Position.RIGHT));
-         sym.setDepth(Position.RIGHT, de.getDepth(Position.LEFT));
-       };
-       BufferSubgraph.prototype.add = function add (node, nodeStack) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         node.setVisited(true);
-         this._nodes.add(node);
-         for (var i = node.getEdges().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var de = i.next();
-           this$1._dirEdgeList.add(de);
-           var sym = de.getSym();
-           var symNode = sym.getNode();
-           if (!symNode.isVisited()) { nodeStack.push(symNode); }
-         }
-       };
-       BufferSubgraph.prototype.getNodes = function getNodes () {
-         return this._nodes
-       };
-       BufferSubgraph.prototype.getDirectedEdges = function getDirectedEdges () {
-         return this._dirEdgeList
-       };
-       BufferSubgraph.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Comparable]
-       };
-       BufferSubgraph.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return BufferSubgraph
-       };
 
-       var TopologyLocation = function TopologyLocation () {
-         var this$1 = this;
+               this.setTab = function (str) {
+                 tab = str || tab;
+                 return this;
+               };
 
-         this.location = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
-             var location = arguments[0];
-             this.init(location.length);
-           } else if (Number.isInteger(arguments[0])) {
-             var on = arguments[0];
-             this.init(1);
-             this.location[Position.ON] = on;
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof TopologyLocation) {
-             var gl = arguments[0];
-             this.init(gl.location.length);
-             if (gl !== null) {
-               for (var i = 0; i < this.location.length; i++) {
-                 this$1.location[i] = gl.location[i];
-               }
-             }
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var on$1 = arguments[0];
-           var left = arguments[1];
-           var right = arguments[2];
-           this.init(3);
-           this.location[Position.ON] = on$1;
-           this.location[Position.LEFT] = left;
-           this.location[Position.RIGHT] = right;
-         }
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.setAllLocations = function setAllLocations (locValue) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               this.setUTF8 = function (bool) {
+                 if (typeof bool === 'boolean') {
+                   utf8 = bool;
+                 }
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < this.location.length; i++) {
-           this$1.location[i] = locValue;
-         }
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.isNull = function isNull () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                 return this;
+               };
+             },
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < this.location.length; i++) {
-           if (this$1.location[i] !== Location.NONE) { return false }
-         }
-         return true
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.setAllLocationsIfNull = function setAllLocationsIfNull (locValue) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             /**
+              * CRC-32 calculation
+              * @member Hashes
+              * @method CRC32
+              * @static
+              * @param {String} str Input String
+              * @return {String}
+              */
+             CRC32: function CRC32(str) {
+               var crc = 0,
+                   x = 0,
+                   y = 0,
+                   table,
+                   i,
+                   iTop;
+               str = utf8Encode(str);
+               table = ['00000000 77073096 EE0E612C 990951BA 076DC419 706AF48F E963A535 9E6495A3 0EDB8832 ', '79DCB8A4 E0D5E91E 97D2D988 09B64C2B 7EB17CBD E7B82D07 90BF1D91 1DB71064 6AB020F2 F3B97148 ', '84BE41DE 1ADAD47D 6DDDE4EB F4D4B551 83D385C7 136C9856 646BA8C0 FD62F97A 8A65C9EC 14015C4F ', '63066CD9 FA0F3D63 8D080DF5 3B6E20C8 4C69105E D56041E4 A2677172 3C03E4D1 4B04D447 D20D85FD ', 'A50AB56B 35B5A8FA 42B2986C DBBBC9D6 ACBCF940 32D86CE3 45DF5C75 DCD60DCF ABD13D59 26D930AC ', '51DE003A C8D75180 BFD06116 21B4F4B5 56B3C423 CFBA9599 B8BDA50F 2802B89E 5F058808 C60CD9B2 ', 'B10BE924 2F6F7C87 58684C11 C1611DAB B6662D3D 76DC4190 01DB7106 98D220BC EFD5102A 71B18589 ', '06B6B51F 9FBFE4A5 E8B8D433 7807C9A2 0F00F934 9609A88E E10E9818 7F6A0DBB 086D3D2D 91646C97 ', 'E6635C01 6B6B51F4 1C6C6162 856530D8 F262004E 6C0695ED 1B01A57B 8208F4C1 F50FC457 65B0D9C6 ', '12B7E950 8BBEB8EA FCB9887C 62DD1DDF 15DA2D49 8CD37CF3 FBD44C65 4DB26158 3AB551CE A3BC0074 ', 'D4BB30E2 4ADFA541 3DD895D7 A4D1C46D D3D6F4FB 4369E96A 346ED9FC AD678846 DA60B8D0 44042D73 ', '33031DE5 AA0A4C5F DD0D7CC9 5005713C 270241AA BE0B1010 C90C2086 5768B525 206F85B3 B966D409 ', 'CE61E49F 5EDEF90E 29D9C998 B0D09822 C7D7A8B4 59B33D17 2EB40D81 B7BD5C3B C0BA6CAD EDB88320 ', '9ABFB3B6 03B6E20C 74B1D29A EAD54739 9DD277AF 04DB2615 73DC1683 E3630B12 94643B84 0D6D6A3E ', '7A6A5AA8 E40ECF0B 9309FF9D 0A00AE27 7D079EB1 F00F9344 8708A3D2 1E01F268 6906C2FE F762575D ', '806567CB 196C3671 6E6B06E7 FED41B76 89D32BE0 10DA7A5A 67DD4ACC F9B9DF6F 8EBEEFF9 17B7BE43 ', '60B08ED5 D6D6A3E8 A1D1937E 38D8C2C4 4FDFF252 D1BB67F1 A6BC5767 3FB506DD 48B2364B D80D2BDA ', 'AF0A1B4C 36034AF6 41047A60 DF60EFC3 A867DF55 316E8EEF 4669BE79 CB61B38C BC66831A 256FD2A0 ', '5268E236 CC0C7795 BB0B4703 220216B9 5505262F C5BA3BBE B2BD0B28 2BB45A92 5CB36A04 C2D7FFA7 ', 'B5D0CF31 2CD99E8B 5BDEAE1D 9B64C2B0 EC63F226 756AA39C 026D930A 9C0906A9 EB0E363F 72076785 ', '05005713 95BF4A82 E2B87A14 7BB12BAE 0CB61B38 92D28E9B E5D5BE0D 7CDCEFB7 0BDBDF21 86D3D2D4 ', 'F1D4E242 68DDB3F8 1FDA836E 81BE16CD F6B9265B 6FB077E1 18B74777 88085AE6 FF0F6A70 66063BCA ', '11010B5C 8F659EFF F862AE69 616BFFD3 166CCF45 A00AE278 D70DD2EE 4E048354 3903B3C2 A7672661 ', 'D06016F7 4969474D 3E6E77DB AED16A4A D9D65ADC 40DF0B66 37D83BF0 A9BCAE53 DEBB9EC5 47B2CF7F ', '30B5FFE9 BDBDF21C CABAC28A 53B39330 24B4A3A6 BAD03605 CDD70693 54DE5729 23D967BF B3667A2E ', 'C4614AB8 5D681B02 2A6F2B94 B40BBE37 C30C8EA1 5A05DF1B 2D02EF8D'].join('');
+               crc = crc ^ -1;
+
+               for (i = 0, iTop = str.length; i < iTop; i += 1) {
+                 y = (crc ^ str.charCodeAt(i)) & 0xFF;
+                 x = '0x' + table.substr(y * 9, 8);
+                 crc = crc >>> 8 ^ x;
+               } // always return a positive number (that's what >>> 0 does)
+
+
+               return (crc ^ -1) >>> 0;
+             },
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < this.location.length; i++) {
-           if (this$1.location[i] === Location.NONE) { this$1.location[i] = locValue; }
-         }
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.isLine = function isLine () {
-         return this.location.length === 1
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.merge = function merge (gl) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             /**
+              * @member Hashes
+              * @class MD5
+              * @constructor
+              * @param {Object} [config]
+              *
+              * A JavaScript implementation of the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message
+              * Digest Algorithm, as defined in RFC 1321.
+              * Version 2.2 Copyright (C) Paul Johnston 1999 - 2009
+              * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+              * See <http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5> for more infHashes.
+              */
+             MD5: function MD5(options) {
+               /**
+                * Private config properties. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
+                * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
+                * See {@link Hashes.MD5#method-setUpperCase} and {@link Hashes.SHA1#method-setUpperCase}
+                */
+               var hexcase = options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean' ? options.uppercase : false,
+                   // hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase
+               b64pad = options && typeof options.pad === 'string' ? options.pad : '=',
+                   // base-64 pad character. Defaults to '=' for strict RFC compliance
+               utf8 = options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean' ? options.utf8 : true; // enable/disable utf8 encoding
+               // privileged (public) methods
+
+               this.hex = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr(s), hexcase);
+               };
 
-         if (gl.location.length > this.location.length) {
-           var newLoc = new Array(3).fill(null);
-           newLoc[Position.ON] = this.location[Position.ON];
-           newLoc[Position.LEFT] = Location.NONE;
-           newLoc[Position.RIGHT] = Location.NONE;
-           this.location = newLoc;
-         }
-         for (var i = 0; i < this.location.length; i++) {
-           if (this$1.location[i] === Location.NONE && i < gl.location.length) { this$1.location[i] = gl.location[i]; }
-         }
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.getLocations = function getLocations () {
-         return this.location
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.flip = function flip () {
-         if (this.location.length <= 1) { return null }
-         var temp = this.location[Position.LEFT];
-         this.location[Position.LEFT] = this.location[Position.RIGHT];
-         this.location[Position.RIGHT] = temp;
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         var buf = new StringBuffer();
-         if (this.location.length > 1) { buf.append(Location.toLocationSymbol(this.location[Position.LEFT])); }
-         buf.append(Location.toLocationSymbol(this.location[Position.ON]));
-         if (this.location.length > 1) { buf.append(Location.toLocationSymbol(this.location[Position.RIGHT])); }
-         return buf.toString()
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.setLocations = function setLocations (on, left, right) {
-         this.location[Position.ON] = on;
-         this.location[Position.LEFT] = left;
-         this.location[Position.RIGHT] = right;
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.get = function get (posIndex) {
-         if (posIndex < this.location.length) { return this.location[posIndex] }
-         return Location.NONE
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.isArea = function isArea () {
-         return this.location.length > 1
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.isAnyNull = function isAnyNull () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               this.b64 = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
+               };
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < this.location.length; i++) {
-           if (this$1.location[i] === Location.NONE) { return true }
-         }
-         return false
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.setLocation = function setLocation () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var locValue = arguments[0];
-           this.setLocation(Position.ON, locValue);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var locIndex = arguments[0];
-           var locValue$1 = arguments[1];
-           this.location[locIndex] = locValue$1;
-         }
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.init = function init (size) {
-         this.location = new Array(size).fill(null);
-         this.setAllLocations(Location.NONE);
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.isEqualOnSide = function isEqualOnSide (le, locIndex) {
-         return this.location[locIndex] === le.location[locIndex]
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.allPositionsEqual = function allPositionsEqual (loc) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               this.any = function (s, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
+               };
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < this.location.length; i++) {
-           if (this$1.location[i] !== loc) { return false }
-         }
-         return true
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       TopologyLocation.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return TopologyLocation
-       };
+               this.raw = function (s) {
+                 return rstr(s);
+               };
 
-       var Label = function Label () {
-         this.elt = new Array(2).fill(null);
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           if (Number.isInteger(arguments[0])) {
-             var onLoc = arguments[0];
-             this.elt[0] = new TopologyLocation(onLoc);
-             this.elt[1] = new TopologyLocation(onLoc);
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Label) {
-             var lbl = arguments[0];
-             this.elt[0] = new TopologyLocation(lbl.elt[0]);
-             this.elt[1] = new TopologyLocation(lbl.elt[1]);
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var geomIndex = arguments[0];
-           var onLoc$1 = arguments[1];
-           this.elt[0] = new TopologyLocation(Location.NONE);
-           this.elt[1] = new TopologyLocation(Location.NONE);
-           this.elt[geomIndex].setLocation(onLoc$1);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var onLoc$2 = arguments[0];
-           var leftLoc = arguments[1];
-           var rightLoc = arguments[2];
-           this.elt[0] = new TopologyLocation(onLoc$2, leftLoc, rightLoc);
-           this.elt[1] = new TopologyLocation(onLoc$2, leftLoc, rightLoc);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
-           var geomIndex$1 = arguments[0];
-           var onLoc$3 = arguments[1];
-           var leftLoc$1 = arguments[2];
-           var rightLoc$1 = arguments[3];
-           this.elt[0] = new TopologyLocation(Location.NONE, Location.NONE, Location.NONE);
-           this.elt[1] = new TopologyLocation(Location.NONE, Location.NONE, Location.NONE);
-           this.elt[geomIndex$1].setLocations(onLoc$3, leftLoc$1, rightLoc$1);
-         }
-       };
-       Label.prototype.getGeometryCount = function getGeometryCount () {
-         var count = 0;
-         if (!this.elt[0].isNull()) { count++; }
-         if (!this.elt[1].isNull()) { count++; }
-         return count
-       };
-       Label.prototype.setAllLocations = function setAllLocations (geomIndex, location) {
-         this.elt[geomIndex].setAllLocations(location);
-       };
-       Label.prototype.isNull = function isNull (geomIndex) {
-         return this.elt[geomIndex].isNull()
-       };
-       Label.prototype.setAllLocationsIfNull = function setAllLocationsIfNull () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var location = arguments[0];
-           this.setAllLocationsIfNull(0, location);
-           this.setAllLocationsIfNull(1, location);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var geomIndex = arguments[0];
-           var location$1 = arguments[1];
-           this.elt[geomIndex].setAllLocationsIfNull(location$1);
-         }
-       };
-       Label.prototype.isLine = function isLine (geomIndex) {
-         return this.elt[geomIndex].isLine()
-       };
-       Label.prototype.merge = function merge (lbl) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               this.hex_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d), hexcase);
+               };
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-           if (this$1.elt[i] === null && lbl.elt[i] !== null) {
-             this$1.elt[i] = new TopologyLocation(lbl.elt[i]);
-           } else {
-             this$1.elt[i].merge(lbl.elt[i]);
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       Label.prototype.flip = function flip () {
-         this.elt[0].flip();
-         this.elt[1].flip();
-       };
-       Label.prototype.getLocation = function getLocation () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var geomIndex = arguments[0];
-           return this.elt[geomIndex].get(Position.ON)
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var geomIndex$1 = arguments[0];
-           var posIndex = arguments[1];
-           return this.elt[geomIndex$1].get(posIndex)
-         }
-       };
-       Label.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         var buf = new StringBuffer();
-         if (this.elt[0] !== null) {
-           buf.append('A:');
-           buf.append(this.elt[0].toString());
-         }
-         if (this.elt[1] !== null) {
-           buf.append(' B:');
-           buf.append(this.elt[1].toString());
-         }
-         return buf.toString()
-       };
-       Label.prototype.isArea = function isArea () {
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           return this.elt[0].isArea() || this.elt[1].isArea()
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var geomIndex = arguments[0];
-           return this.elt[geomIndex].isArea()
-         }
-       };
-       Label.prototype.isAnyNull = function isAnyNull (geomIndex) {
-         return this.elt[geomIndex].isAnyNull()
-       };
-       Label.prototype.setLocation = function setLocation () {
-         if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var geomIndex = arguments[0];
-           var location = arguments[1];
-           this.elt[geomIndex].setLocation(Position.ON, location);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var geomIndex$1 = arguments[0];
-           var posIndex = arguments[1];
-           var location$1 = arguments[2];
-           this.elt[geomIndex$1].setLocation(posIndex, location$1);
-         }
-       };
-       Label.prototype.isEqualOnSide = function isEqualOnSide (lbl, side) {
-         return this.elt[0].isEqualOnSide(lbl.elt[0], side) && this.elt[1].isEqualOnSide(lbl.elt[1], side)
-       };
-       Label.prototype.allPositionsEqual = function allPositionsEqual (geomIndex, loc) {
-         return this.elt[geomIndex].allPositionsEqual(loc)
-       };
-       Label.prototype.toLine = function toLine (geomIndex) {
-         if (this.elt[geomIndex].isArea()) { this.elt[geomIndex] = new TopologyLocation(this.elt[geomIndex].location[0]); }
-       };
-       Label.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       Label.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Label
-       };
-       Label.toLineLabel = function toLineLabel (label) {
-         var lineLabel = new Label(Location.NONE);
-         for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-           lineLabel.setLocation(i, label.getLocation(i));
-         }
-         return lineLabel
-       };
+               this.b64_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
+               };
 
-       var EdgeRing = function EdgeRing () {
-         this._startDe = null;
-         this._maxNodeDegree = -1;
-         this._edges = new ArrayList();
-         this._pts = new ArrayList();
-         this._label = new Label(Location.NONE);
-         this._ring = null;
-         this._isHole = null;
-         this._shell = null;
-         this._holes = new ArrayList();
-         this._geometryFactory = null;
-         var start = arguments[0];
-         var geometryFactory = arguments[1];
-         this._geometryFactory = geometryFactory;
-         this.computePoints(start);
-         this.computeRing();
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.computeRing = function computeRing () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               this.any_hmac = function (k, d, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
+               };
+               /**
+                * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
+                * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
+                */
 
-         if (this._ring !== null) { return null }
-         var coord = new Array(this._pts.size()).fill(null);
-         for (var i = 0; i < this._pts.size(); i++) {
-           coord[i] = this$1._pts.get(i);
-         }
-         this._ring = this._geometryFactory.createLinearRing(coord);
-         this._isHole = CGAlgorithms.isCCW(this._ring.getCoordinates());
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.isIsolated = function isIsolated () {
-         return this._label.getGeometryCount() === 1
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.computePoints = function computePoints (start) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         this._startDe = start;
-         var de = start;
-         var isFirstEdge = true;
-         do {
-           if (de === null) { throw new TopologyException('Found null DirectedEdge') }
-           if (de.getEdgeRing() === this$1) { throw new TopologyException('Directed Edge visited twice during ring-building at ' + de.getCoordinate()) }
-           this$1._edges.add(de);
-           var label = de.getLabel();
-           Assert.isTrue(label.isArea());
-           this$1.mergeLabel(label);
-           this$1.addPoints(de.getEdge(), de.isForward(), isFirstEdge);
-           isFirstEdge = false;
-           this$1.setEdgeRing(de, this$1);
-           de = this$1.getNext(de);
-         } while (de !== this._startDe)
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.getLinearRing = function getLinearRing () {
-         return this._ring
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate (i) {
-         return this._pts.get(i)
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.computeMaxNodeDegree = function computeMaxNodeDegree () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               this.vm_test = function () {
+                 return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
+               };
+               /**
+                * Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
+                * @param {Boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                */
 
-         this._maxNodeDegree = 0;
-         var de = this._startDe;
-         do {
-           var node = de.getNode();
-           var degree = node.getEdges().getOutgoingDegree(this$1);
-           if (degree > this$1._maxNodeDegree) { this$1._maxNodeDegree = degree; }
-           de = this$1.getNext(de);
-         } while (de !== this._startDe)
-         this._maxNodeDegree *= 2;
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.addPoints = function addPoints (edge, isForward, isFirstEdge) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         var edgePts = edge.getCoordinates();
-         if (isForward) {
-           var startIndex = 1;
-           if (isFirstEdge) { startIndex = 0; }
-           for (var i = startIndex; i < edgePts.length; i++) {
-             this$1._pts.add(edgePts[i]);
-           }
-         } else {
-           var startIndex$1 = edgePts.length - 2;
-           if (isFirstEdge) { startIndex$1 = edgePts.length - 1; }
-           for (var i$1 = startIndex$1; i$1 >= 0; i$1--) {
-             this$1._pts.add(edgePts[i$1]);
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.isHole = function isHole () {
-         return this._isHole
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.setInResult = function setInResult () {
-         var de = this._startDe;
-         do {
-           de.getEdge().setInResult(true);
-           de = de.getNext();
-         } while (de !== this._startDe)
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.containsPoint = function containsPoint (p) {
-         var shell = this.getLinearRing();
-         var env = shell.getEnvelopeInternal();
-         if (!env.contains(p)) { return false }
-         if (!CGAlgorithms.isPointInRing(p, shell.getCoordinates())) { return false }
-         for (var i = this._holes.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var hole = i.next();
-           if (hole.containsPoint(p)) { return false }
-         }
-         return true
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.addHole = function addHole (ring) {
-         this._holes.add(ring);
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.isShell = function isShell () {
-         return this._shell === null
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.getLabel = function getLabel () {
-         return this._label
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.getEdges = function getEdges () {
-         return this._edges
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.getMaxNodeDegree = function getMaxNodeDegree () {
-         if (this._maxNodeDegree < 0) { this.computeMaxNodeDegree(); }
-         return this._maxNodeDegree
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.getShell = function getShell () {
-         return this._shell
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.mergeLabel = function mergeLabel () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var deLabel = arguments[0];
-           this.mergeLabel(deLabel, 0);
-           this.mergeLabel(deLabel, 1);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var deLabel$1 = arguments[0];
-           var geomIndex = arguments[1];
-           var loc = deLabel$1.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.RIGHT);
-           if (loc === Location.NONE) { return null }
-           if (this._label.getLocation(geomIndex) === Location.NONE) {
-             this._label.setLocation(geomIndex, loc);
-             return null
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.setShell = function setShell (shell) {
-         this._shell = shell;
-         if (shell !== null) { shell.addHole(this); }
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.toPolygon = function toPolygon (geometryFactory) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               this.setUpperCase = function (a) {
+                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
+                   hexcase = a;
+                 }
 
-         var holeLR = new Array(this._holes.size()).fill(null);
-         for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.size(); i++) {
-           holeLR[i] = this$1._holes.get(i).getLinearRing();
-         }
-         var poly = geometryFactory.createPolygon(this.getLinearRing(), holeLR);
-         return poly
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       EdgeRing.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return EdgeRing
-       };
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {String} Pad
+                * @return {Object} this
+                */
 
-       var MinimalEdgeRing = (function (EdgeRing$$1) {
-         function MinimalEdgeRing () {
-           var start = arguments[0];
-           var geometryFactory = arguments[1];
-           EdgeRing$$1.call(this, start, geometryFactory);
-         }
 
-         if ( EdgeRing$$1 ) MinimalEdgeRing.__proto__ = EdgeRing$$1;
-         MinimalEdgeRing.prototype = Object.create( EdgeRing$$1 && EdgeRing$$1.prototype );
-         MinimalEdgeRing.prototype.constructor = MinimalEdgeRing;
-         MinimalEdgeRing.prototype.setEdgeRing = function setEdgeRing (de, er) {
-           de.setMinEdgeRing(er);
-         };
-         MinimalEdgeRing.prototype.getNext = function getNext (de) {
-           return de.getNextMin()
-         };
-         MinimalEdgeRing.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         MinimalEdgeRing.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return MinimalEdgeRing
-         };
+               this.setPad = function (a) {
+                 b64pad = a || b64pad;
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {Boolean}
+                * @return {Object} [this]
+                */
 
-         return MinimalEdgeRing;
-       }(EdgeRing));
 
-       var MaximalEdgeRing = (function (EdgeRing$$1) {
-         function MaximalEdgeRing () {
-           var start = arguments[0];
-           var geometryFactory = arguments[1];
-           EdgeRing$$1.call(this, start, geometryFactory);
-         }
+               this.setUTF8 = function (a) {
+                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
+                   utf8 = a;
+                 }
 
-         if ( EdgeRing$$1 ) MaximalEdgeRing.__proto__ = EdgeRing$$1;
-         MaximalEdgeRing.prototype = Object.create( EdgeRing$$1 && EdgeRing$$1.prototype );
-         MaximalEdgeRing.prototype.constructor = MaximalEdgeRing;
-         MaximalEdgeRing.prototype.buildMinimalRings = function buildMinimalRings () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                 return this;
+               }; // private methods
 
-           var minEdgeRings = new ArrayList();
-           var de = this._startDe;
-           do {
-             if (de.getMinEdgeRing() === null) {
-               var minEr = new MinimalEdgeRing(de, this$1._geometryFactory);
-               minEdgeRings.add(minEr);
-             }
-             de = de.getNext();
-           } while (de !== this._startDe)
-           return minEdgeRings
-         };
-         MaximalEdgeRing.prototype.setEdgeRing = function setEdgeRing (de, er) {
-           de.setEdgeRing(er);
-         };
-         MaximalEdgeRing.prototype.linkDirectedEdgesForMinimalEdgeRings = function linkDirectedEdgesForMinimalEdgeRings () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               /**
+                * Calculate the MD5 of a raw string
+                */
 
-           var de = this._startDe;
-           do {
-             var node = de.getNode();
-             node.getEdges().linkMinimalDirectedEdges(this$1);
-             de = de.getNext();
-           } while (de !== this._startDe)
-         };
-         MaximalEdgeRing.prototype.getNext = function getNext (de) {
-           return de.getNext()
-         };
-         MaximalEdgeRing.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         MaximalEdgeRing.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return MaximalEdgeRing
-         };
 
-         return MaximalEdgeRing;
-       }(EdgeRing));
+               function rstr(s) {
+                 s = utf8 ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
+                 return binl2rstr(binl(rstr2binl(s), s.length * 8));
+               }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the HMAC-MD5, of a key and some data (raw strings)
+                */
 
-       var GraphComponent = function GraphComponent () {
-         this._label = null;
-         this._isInResult = false;
-         this._isCovered = false;
-         this._isCoveredSet = false;
-         this._isVisited = false;
-         if (arguments.length === 0) ; else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var label = arguments[0];
-           this._label = label;
-         }
-       };
-       GraphComponent.prototype.setVisited = function setVisited (isVisited) {
-         this._isVisited = isVisited;
-       };
-       GraphComponent.prototype.setInResult = function setInResult (isInResult) {
-         this._isInResult = isInResult;
-       };
-       GraphComponent.prototype.isCovered = function isCovered () {
-         return this._isCovered
-       };
-       GraphComponent.prototype.isCoveredSet = function isCoveredSet () {
-         return this._isCoveredSet
-       };
-       GraphComponent.prototype.setLabel = function setLabel (label) {
-         this._label = label;
-       };
-       GraphComponent.prototype.getLabel = function getLabel () {
-         return this._label
-       };
-       GraphComponent.prototype.setCovered = function setCovered (isCovered) {
-         this._isCovered = isCovered;
-         this._isCoveredSet = true;
-       };
-       GraphComponent.prototype.updateIM = function updateIM (im) {
-         Assert.isTrue(this._label.getGeometryCount() >= 2, 'found partial label');
-         this.computeIM(im);
-       };
-       GraphComponent.prototype.isInResult = function isInResult () {
-         return this._isInResult
-       };
-       GraphComponent.prototype.isVisited = function isVisited () {
-         return this._isVisited
-       };
-       GraphComponent.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       GraphComponent.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return GraphComponent
-       };
 
-       var Node$1 = (function (GraphComponent$$1) {
-         function Node () {
-           GraphComponent$$1.call(this);
-           this._coord = null;
-           this._edges = null;
-           var coord = arguments[0];
-           var edges = arguments[1];
-           this._coord = coord;
-           this._edges = edges;
-           this._label = new Label(0, Location.NONE);
-         }
-
-         if ( GraphComponent$$1 ) Node.__proto__ = GraphComponent$$1;
-         Node.prototype = Object.create( GraphComponent$$1 && GraphComponent$$1.prototype );
-         Node.prototype.constructor = Node;
-         Node.prototype.isIncidentEdgeInResult = function isIncidentEdgeInResult () {
-           for (var it = this.getEdges().getEdges().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-             var de = it.next();
-             if (de.getEdge().isInResult()) { return true }
-           }
-           return false
-         };
-         Node.prototype.isIsolated = function isIsolated () {
-           return this._label.getGeometryCount() === 1
-         };
-         Node.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-           return this._coord
-         };
-         Node.prototype.print = function print (out) {
-           out.println('node ' + this._coord + ' lbl: ' + this._label);
-         };
-         Node.prototype.computeIM = function computeIM (im) {};
-         Node.prototype.computeMergedLocation = function computeMergedLocation (label2, eltIndex) {
-           var loc = Location.NONE;
-           loc = this._label.getLocation(eltIndex);
-           if (!label2.isNull(eltIndex)) {
-             var nLoc = label2.getLocation(eltIndex);
-             if (loc !== Location.BOUNDARY) { loc = nLoc; }
-           }
-           return loc
-         };
-         Node.prototype.setLabel = function setLabel () {
-           if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var argIndex = arguments[0];
-             var onLocation = arguments[1];
-             if (this._label === null) {
-               this._label = new Label(argIndex, onLocation);
-             } else { this._label.setLocation(argIndex, onLocation); }
-           } else { return GraphComponent$$1.prototype.setLabel.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         Node.prototype.getEdges = function getEdges () {
-           return this._edges
-         };
-         Node.prototype.mergeLabel = function mergeLabel () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Node) {
-             var n = arguments[0];
-             this.mergeLabel(n._label);
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Label) {
-             var label2 = arguments[0];
-             for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-               var loc = this$1.computeMergedLocation(label2, i);
-               var thisLoc = this$1._label.getLocation(i);
-               if (thisLoc === Location.NONE) { this$1._label.setLocation(i, loc); }
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         Node.prototype.add = function add (e) {
-           this._edges.insert(e);
-           e.setNode(this);
-         };
-         Node.prototype.setLabelBoundary = function setLabelBoundary (argIndex) {
-           if (this._label === null) { return null }
-           var loc = Location.NONE;
-           if (this._label !== null) { loc = this._label.getLocation(argIndex); }
-           var newLoc = null;
-           switch (loc) {
-             case Location.BOUNDARY:
-               newLoc = Location.INTERIOR;
-               break
-             case Location.INTERIOR:
-               newLoc = Location.BOUNDARY;
-               break
-             default:
-               newLoc = Location.BOUNDARY;
-               break
-           }
-           this._label.setLocation(argIndex, newLoc);
-         };
-         Node.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         Node.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return Node
-         };
+               function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
+                 var bkey, ipad, opad, hash, i;
+                 key = utf8 ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
+                 data = utf8 ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
+                 bkey = rstr2binl(key);
 
-         return Node;
-       }(GraphComponent));
+                 if (bkey.length > 16) {
+                   bkey = binl(bkey, key.length * 8);
+                 }
 
-       var NodeMap = function NodeMap () {
-         this.nodeMap = new TreeMap();
-         this.nodeFact = null;
-         var nodeFact = arguments[0];
-         this.nodeFact = nodeFact;
-       };
-       NodeMap.prototype.find = function find (coord) {
-         return this.nodeMap.get(coord)
-       };
-       NodeMap.prototype.addNode = function addNode () {
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
-           var coord = arguments[0];
-           var node = this.nodeMap.get(coord);
-           if (node === null) {
-             node = this.nodeFact.createNode(coord);
-             this.nodeMap.put(coord, node);
-           }
-           return node
-         } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Node$1) {
-           var n = arguments[0];
-           var node$1 = this.nodeMap.get(n.getCoordinate());
-           if (node$1 === null) {
-             this.nodeMap.put(n.getCoordinate(), n);
-             return n
-           }
-           node$1.mergeLabel(n);
-           return node$1
-         }
-       };
-       NodeMap.prototype.print = function print (out) {
-         for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var n = it.next();
-           n.print(out);
-         }
-       };
-       NodeMap.prototype.iterator = function iterator () {
-         return this.nodeMap.values().iterator()
-       };
-       NodeMap.prototype.values = function values () {
-         return this.nodeMap.values()
-       };
-       NodeMap.prototype.getBoundaryNodes = function getBoundaryNodes (geomIndex) {
-         var bdyNodes = new ArrayList();
-         for (var i = this.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var node = i.next();
-           if (node.getLabel().getLocation(geomIndex) === Location.BOUNDARY) { bdyNodes.add(node); }
-         }
-         return bdyNodes
-       };
-       NodeMap.prototype.add = function add (e) {
-         var p = e.getCoordinate();
-         var n = this.addNode(p);
-         n.add(e);
-       };
-       NodeMap.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       NodeMap.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return NodeMap
-       };
+                 ipad = Array(16), opad = Array(16);
 
-       var Quadrant = function Quadrant () {};
+                 for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 1) {
+                   ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
+                   opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
+                 }
 
-       var staticAccessors$21 = { NE: { configurable: true },NW: { configurable: true },SW: { configurable: true },SE: { configurable: true } };
+                 hash = binl(ipad.concat(rstr2binl(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
+                 return binl2rstr(binl(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 128));
+               }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the MD5 of an array of little-endian words, and a bit length.
+                */
+
+
+               function binl(x, len) {
+                 var i,
+                     olda,
+                     oldb,
+                     oldc,
+                     oldd,
+                     a = 1732584193,
+                     b = -271733879,
+                     c = -1732584194,
+                     d = 271733878;
+                 /* append padding */
+
+                 x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << len % 32;
+                 x[(len + 64 >>> 9 << 4) + 14] = len;
+
+                 for (i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16) {
+                   olda = a;
+                   oldb = b;
+                   oldc = c;
+                   oldd = d;
+                   a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 0], 7, -680876936);
+                   d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 1], 12, -389564586);
+                   c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 2], 17, 606105819);
+                   b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 3], 22, -1044525330);
+                   a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 4], 7, -176418897);
+                   d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 5], 12, 1200080426);
+                   c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 6], 17, -1473231341);
+                   b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 7], 22, -45705983);
+                   a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 8], 7, 1770035416);
+                   d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 9], 12, -1958414417);
+                   c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 10], 17, -42063);
+                   b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 11], 22, -1990404162);
+                   a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 12], 7, 1804603682);
+                   d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 13], 12, -40341101);
+                   c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 14], 17, -1502002290);
+                   b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 15], 22, 1236535329);
+                   a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 1], 5, -165796510);
+                   d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 6], 9, -1069501632);
+                   c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 11], 14, 643717713);
+                   b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 0], 20, -373897302);
+                   a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 5], 5, -701558691);
+                   d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 10], 9, 38016083);
+                   c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 15], 14, -660478335);
+                   b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 4], 20, -405537848);
+                   a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 9], 5, 568446438);
+                   d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 14], 9, -1019803690);
+                   c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 3], 14, -187363961);
+                   b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 8], 20, 1163531501);
+                   a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 13], 5, -1444681467);
+                   d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 2], 9, -51403784);
+                   c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 7], 14, 1735328473);
+                   b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 12], 20, -1926607734);
+                   a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 5], 4, -378558);
+                   d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 8], 11, -2022574463);
+                   c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 11], 16, 1839030562);
+                   b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 14], 23, -35309556);
+                   a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 1], 4, -1530992060);
+                   d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 4], 11, 1272893353);
+                   c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 7], 16, -155497632);
+                   b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 10], 23, -1094730640);
+                   a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 13], 4, 681279174);
+                   d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 0], 11, -358537222);
+                   c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 3], 16, -722521979);
+                   b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 6], 23, 76029189);
+                   a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 9], 4, -640364487);
+                   d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 12], 11, -421815835);
+                   c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 15], 16, 530742520);
+                   b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 2], 23, -995338651);
+                   a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 0], 6, -198630844);
+                   d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 7], 10, 1126891415);
+                   c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 14], 15, -1416354905);
+                   b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 5], 21, -57434055);
+                   a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 12], 6, 1700485571);
+                   d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 3], 10, -1894986606);
+                   c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 10], 15, -1051523);
+                   b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 1], 21, -2054922799);
+                   a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 8], 6, 1873313359);
+                   d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 15], 10, -30611744);
+                   c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 6], 15, -1560198380);
+                   b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 13], 21, 1309151649);
+                   a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 4], 6, -145523070);
+                   d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 11], 10, -1120210379);
+                   c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 2], 15, 718787259);
+                   b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 9], 21, -343485551);
+                   a = safe_add(a, olda);
+                   b = safe_add(b, oldb);
+                   c = safe_add(c, oldc);
+                   d = safe_add(d, oldd);
+                 }
 
-       Quadrant.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       Quadrant.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Quadrant
-       };
-       Quadrant.isNorthern = function isNorthern (quad) {
-         return quad === Quadrant.NE || quad === Quadrant.NW
-       };
-       Quadrant.isOpposite = function isOpposite (quad1, quad2) {
-         if (quad1 === quad2) { return false }
-         var diff = (quad1 - quad2 + 4) % 4;
-         if (diff === 2) { return true }
-         return false
-       };
-       Quadrant.commonHalfPlane = function commonHalfPlane (quad1, quad2) {
-         if (quad1 === quad2) { return quad1 }
-         var diff = (quad1 - quad2 + 4) % 4;
-         if (diff === 2) { return -1 }
-         var min = quad1 < quad2 ? quad1 : quad2;
-         var max = quad1 > quad2 ? quad1 : quad2;
-         if (min === 0 && max === 3) { return 3 }
-         return min
-       };
-       Quadrant.isInHalfPlane = function isInHalfPlane (quad, halfPlane) {
-         if (halfPlane === Quadrant.SE) {
-           return quad === Quadrant.SE || quad === Quadrant.SW
-         }
-         return quad === halfPlane || quad === halfPlane + 1
-       };
-       Quadrant.quadrant = function quadrant () {
-         if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number' && typeof arguments[1] === 'number') {
-           var dx = arguments[0];
-           var dy = arguments[1];
-           if (dx === 0.0 && dy === 0.0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Cannot compute the quadrant for point ( ' + dx + ', ' + dy + ' )') }
-           if (dx >= 0.0) {
-             if (dy >= 0.0) { return Quadrant.NE; } else { return Quadrant.SE }
-           } else {
-             if (dy >= 0.0) { return Quadrant.NW; } else { return Quadrant.SW }
-           }
-         } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate) {
-           var p0 = arguments[0];
-           var p1 = arguments[1];
-           if (p1.x === p0.x && p1.y === p0.y) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Cannot compute the quadrant for two identical points ' + p0) }
-           if (p1.x >= p0.x) {
-             if (p1.y >= p0.y) { return Quadrant.NE; } else { return Quadrant.SE }
-           } else {
-             if (p1.y >= p0.y) { return Quadrant.NW; } else { return Quadrant.SW }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       staticAccessors$21.NE.get = function () { return 0 };
-       staticAccessors$21.NW.get = function () { return 1 };
-       staticAccessors$21.SW.get = function () { return 2 };
-       staticAccessors$21.SE.get = function () { return 3 };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( Quadrant, staticAccessors$21 );
-
-       var EdgeEnd = function EdgeEnd () {
-         this._edge = null;
-         this._label = null;
-         this._node = null;
-         this._p0 = null;
-         this._p1 = null;
-         this._dx = null;
-         this._dy = null;
-         this._quadrant = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var edge = arguments[0];
-           this._edge = edge;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var edge$1 = arguments[0];
-           var p0 = arguments[1];
-           var p1 = arguments[2];
-           var label = null;
-           this._edge = edge$1;
-           this.init(p0, p1);
-           this._label = label;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
-           var edge$2 = arguments[0];
-           var p0$1 = arguments[1];
-           var p1$1 = arguments[2];
-           var label$1 = arguments[3];
-           this._edge = edge$2;
-           this.init(p0$1, p1$1);
-           this._label = label$1;
-         }
-       };
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.compareDirection = function compareDirection (e) {
-         if (this._dx === e._dx && this._dy === e._dy) { return 0 }
-         if (this._quadrant > e._quadrant) { return 1 }
-         if (this._quadrant < e._quadrant) { return -1 }
-         return CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation(e._p0, e._p1, this._p1)
-       };
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.getDy = function getDy () {
-         return this._dy
-       };
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-         return this._p0
-       };
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.setNode = function setNode (node) {
-         this._node = node;
-       };
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.print = function print (out) {
-         var angle = Math.atan2(this._dy, this._dx);
-         var className = this.getClass().getName();
-         var lastDotPos = className.lastIndexOf('.');
-         var name = className.substring(lastDotPos + 1);
-         out.print('  ' + name + ': ' + this._p0 + ' - ' + this._p1 + ' ' + this._quadrant + ':' + angle + '   ' + this._label);
-       };
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (obj) {
-         var e = obj;
-         return this.compareDirection(e)
-       };
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.getDirectedCoordinate = function getDirectedCoordinate () {
-         return this._p1
-       };
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.getDx = function getDx () {
-         return this._dx
-       };
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.getLabel = function getLabel () {
-         return this._label
-       };
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.getEdge = function getEdge () {
-         return this._edge
-       };
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.getQuadrant = function getQuadrant () {
-         return this._quadrant
-       };
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.getNode = function getNode () {
-         return this._node
-       };
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         var angle = Math.atan2(this._dy, this._dx);
-         var className = this.getClass().getName();
-         var lastDotPos = className.lastIndexOf('.');
-         var name = className.substring(lastDotPos + 1);
-         return '  ' + name + ': ' + this._p0 + ' - ' + this._p1 + ' ' + this._quadrant + ':' + angle + '   ' + this._label
-       };
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.computeLabel = function computeLabel (boundaryNodeRule) {};
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.init = function init (p0, p1) {
-         this._p0 = p0;
-         this._p1 = p1;
-         this._dx = p1.x - p0.x;
-         this._dy = p1.y - p0.y;
-         this._quadrant = Quadrant.quadrant(this._dx, this._dy);
-         Assert.isTrue(!(this._dx === 0 && this._dy === 0), 'EdgeEnd with identical endpoints found');
-       };
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Comparable]
-       };
-       EdgeEnd.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return EdgeEnd
-       };
+                 return Array(a, b, c, d);
+               }
+               /**
+                * These functions implement the four basic operations the algorithm uses.
+                */
 
-       var DirectedEdge = (function (EdgeEnd$$1) {
-         function DirectedEdge () {
-           var edge = arguments[0];
-           var isForward = arguments[1];
-           EdgeEnd$$1.call(this, edge);
-           this._isForward = null;
-           this._isInResult = false;
-           this._isVisited = false;
-           this._sym = null;
-           this._next = null;
-           this._nextMin = null;
-           this._edgeRing = null;
-           this._minEdgeRing = null;
-           this._depth = [0, -999, -999];
-           this._isForward = isForward;
-           if (isForward) {
-             this.init(edge.getCoordinate(0), edge.getCoordinate(1));
-           } else {
-             var n = edge.getNumPoints() - 1;
-             this.init(edge.getCoordinate(n), edge.getCoordinate(n - 1));
-           }
-           this.computeDirectedLabel();
-         }
 
-         if ( EdgeEnd$$1 ) DirectedEdge.__proto__ = EdgeEnd$$1;
-         DirectedEdge.prototype = Object.create( EdgeEnd$$1 && EdgeEnd$$1.prototype );
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.constructor = DirectedEdge;
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.getNextMin = function getNextMin () {
-           return this._nextMin
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.getDepth = function getDepth (position) {
-           return this._depth[position]
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.setVisited = function setVisited (isVisited) {
-           this._isVisited = isVisited;
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.computeDirectedLabel = function computeDirectedLabel () {
-           this._label = new Label(this._edge.getLabel());
-           if (!this._isForward) { this._label.flip(); }
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.getNext = function getNext () {
-           return this._next
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.setDepth = function setDepth (position, depthVal) {
-           if (this._depth[position] !== -999) {
-             if (this._depth[position] !== depthVal) { throw new TopologyException('assigned depths do not match', this.getCoordinate()) }
-           }
-           this._depth[position] = depthVal;
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.isInteriorAreaEdge = function isInteriorAreaEdge () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               function md5_cmn(q, a, b, x, s, t) {
+                 return safe_add(bit_rol(safe_add(safe_add(a, q), safe_add(x, t)), s), b);
+               }
 
-           var isInteriorAreaEdge = true;
-           for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-             if (!(this$1._label.isArea(i) && this$1._label.getLocation(i, Position.LEFT) === Location.INTERIOR && this$1._label.getLocation(i, Position.RIGHT) === Location.INTERIOR)) {
-               isInteriorAreaEdge = false;
-             }
-           }
-           return isInteriorAreaEdge
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.setNextMin = function setNextMin (nextMin) {
-           this._nextMin = nextMin;
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.print = function print (out) {
-           EdgeEnd$$1.prototype.print.call(this, out);
-           out.print(' ' + this._depth[Position.LEFT] + '/' + this._depth[Position.RIGHT]);
-           out.print(' (' + this.getDepthDelta() + ')');
-           if (this._isInResult) { out.print(' inResult'); }
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.setMinEdgeRing = function setMinEdgeRing (minEdgeRing) {
-           this._minEdgeRing = minEdgeRing;
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.isLineEdge = function isLineEdge () {
-           var isLine = this._label.isLine(0) || this._label.isLine(1);
-           var isExteriorIfArea0 = !this._label.isArea(0) || this._label.allPositionsEqual(0, Location.EXTERIOR);
-           var isExteriorIfArea1 = !this._label.isArea(1) || this._label.allPositionsEqual(1, Location.EXTERIOR);
-           return isLine && isExteriorIfArea0 && isExteriorIfArea1
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.setEdgeRing = function setEdgeRing (edgeRing) {
-           this._edgeRing = edgeRing;
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.getMinEdgeRing = function getMinEdgeRing () {
-           return this._minEdgeRing
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.getDepthDelta = function getDepthDelta () {
-           var depthDelta = this._edge.getDepthDelta();
-           if (!this._isForward) { depthDelta = -depthDelta; }
-           return depthDelta
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.setInResult = function setInResult (isInResult) {
-           this._isInResult = isInResult;
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.getSym = function getSym () {
-           return this._sym
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.isForward = function isForward () {
-           return this._isForward
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.getEdge = function getEdge () {
-           return this._edge
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.printEdge = function printEdge (out) {
-           this.print(out);
-           out.print(' ');
-           if (this._isForward) { this._edge.print(out); } else { this._edge.printReverse(out); }
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.setSym = function setSym (de) {
-           this._sym = de;
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.setVisitedEdge = function setVisitedEdge (isVisited) {
-           this.setVisited(isVisited);
-           this._sym.setVisited(isVisited);
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.setEdgeDepths = function setEdgeDepths (position, depth) {
-           var depthDelta = this.getEdge().getDepthDelta();
-           if (!this._isForward) { depthDelta = -depthDelta; }
-           var directionFactor = 1;
-           if (position === Position.LEFT) { directionFactor = -1; }
-           var oppositePos = Position.opposite(position);
-           var delta = depthDelta * directionFactor;
-           var oppositeDepth = depth + delta;
-           this.setDepth(position, depth);
-           this.setDepth(oppositePos, oppositeDepth);
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.getEdgeRing = function getEdgeRing () {
-           return this._edgeRing
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.isInResult = function isInResult () {
-           return this._isInResult
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.setNext = function setNext (next) {
-           this._next = next;
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.isVisited = function isVisited () {
-           return this._isVisited
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return DirectedEdge
-         };
-         DirectedEdge.depthFactor = function depthFactor (currLocation, nextLocation) {
-           if (currLocation === Location.EXTERIOR && nextLocation === Location.INTERIOR) { return 1; } else if (currLocation === Location.INTERIOR && nextLocation === Location.EXTERIOR) { return -1 }
-           return 0
-         };
+               function md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
+                 return md5_cmn(b & c | ~b & d, a, b, x, s, t);
+               }
 
-         return DirectedEdge;
-       }(EdgeEnd));
+               function md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
+                 return md5_cmn(b & d | c & ~d, a, b, x, s, t);
+               }
 
-       var NodeFactory = function NodeFactory () {};
+               function md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
+                 return md5_cmn(b ^ c ^ d, a, b, x, s, t);
+               }
 
-       NodeFactory.prototype.createNode = function createNode (coord) {
-         return new Node$1(coord, null)
-       };
-       NodeFactory.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       NodeFactory.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return NodeFactory
-       };
+               function md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
+                 return md5_cmn(c ^ (b | ~d), a, b, x, s, t);
+               }
+             },
 
-       var PlanarGraph = function PlanarGraph () {
-         this._edges = new ArrayList();
-         this._nodes = null;
-         this._edgeEndList = new ArrayList();
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           this._nodes = new NodeMap(new NodeFactory());
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var nodeFact = arguments[0];
-           this._nodes = new NodeMap(nodeFact);
-         }
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.printEdges = function printEdges (out) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             /**
+              * @member Hashes
+              * @class Hashes.SHA1
+              * @param {Object} [config]
+              * @constructor
+              *
+              * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-1, as defined in FIPS 180-1
+              * Version 2.2 Copyright Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
+              * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+              * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
+              */
+             SHA1: function SHA1(options) {
+               /**
+                * Private config properties. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
+                * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
+                * See {@link Hashes.MD5#method-setUpperCase} and {@link Hashes.SHA1#method-setUpperCase}
+                */
+               var hexcase = options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean' ? options.uppercase : false,
+                   // hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase
+               b64pad = options && typeof options.pad === 'string' ? options.pad : '=',
+                   // base-64 pad character. Defaults to '=' for strict RFC compliance
+               utf8 = options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean' ? options.utf8 : true; // enable/disable utf8 encoding
+               // public methods
+
+               this.hex = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr(s), hexcase);
+               };
 
-         out.println('Edges:');
-         for (var i = 0; i < this._edges.size(); i++) {
-           out.println('edge ' + i + ':');
-           var e = this$1._edges.get(i);
-           e.print(out);
-           e.eiList.print(out);
-         }
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.find = function find (coord) {
-         return this._nodes.find(coord)
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.addNode = function addNode () {
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof Node$1) {
-           var node = arguments[0];
-           return this._nodes.addNode(node)
-         } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
-           var coord = arguments[0];
-           return this._nodes.addNode(coord)
-         }
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.getNodeIterator = function getNodeIterator () {
-         return this._nodes.iterator()
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.linkResultDirectedEdges = function linkResultDirectedEdges () {
-         for (var nodeit = this._nodes.iterator(); nodeit.hasNext();) {
-           var node = nodeit.next();
-           node.getEdges().linkResultDirectedEdges();
-         }
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.debugPrintln = function debugPrintln (o) {
-         System.out.println(o);
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.isBoundaryNode = function isBoundaryNode (geomIndex, coord) {
-         var node = this._nodes.find(coord);
-         if (node === null) { return false }
-         var label = node.getLabel();
-         if (label !== null && label.getLocation(geomIndex) === Location.BOUNDARY) { return true }
-         return false
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.linkAllDirectedEdges = function linkAllDirectedEdges () {
-         for (var nodeit = this._nodes.iterator(); nodeit.hasNext();) {
-           var node = nodeit.next();
-           node.getEdges().linkAllDirectedEdges();
-         }
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.matchInSameDirection = function matchInSameDirection (p0, p1, ep0, ep1) {
-         if (!p0.equals(ep0)) { return false }
-         if (CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation(p0, p1, ep1) === CGAlgorithms.COLLINEAR && Quadrant.quadrant(p0, p1) === Quadrant.quadrant(ep0, ep1)) { return true }
-         return false
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.getEdgeEnds = function getEdgeEnds () {
-         return this._edgeEndList
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.debugPrint = function debugPrint (o) {
-         System.out.print(o);
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.getEdgeIterator = function getEdgeIterator () {
-         return this._edges.iterator()
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.findEdgeInSameDirection = function findEdgeInSameDirection (p0, p1) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               this.b64 = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
+               };
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < this._edges.size(); i++) {
-           var e = this$1._edges.get(i);
-           var eCoord = e.getCoordinates();
-           if (this$1.matchInSameDirection(p0, p1, eCoord[0], eCoord[1])) { return e }
-           if (this$1.matchInSameDirection(p0, p1, eCoord[eCoord.length - 1], eCoord[eCoord.length - 2])) { return e }
-         }
-         return null
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.insertEdge = function insertEdge (e) {
-         this._edges.add(e);
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.findEdgeEnd = function findEdgeEnd (e) {
-         for (var i = this.getEdgeEnds().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var ee = i.next();
-           if (ee.getEdge() === e) { return ee }
-         }
-         return null
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.addEdges = function addEdges (edgesToAdd) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         for (var it = edgesToAdd.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var e = it.next();
-           this$1._edges.add(e);
-           var de1 = new DirectedEdge(e, true);
-           var de2 = new DirectedEdge(e, false);
-           de1.setSym(de2);
-           de2.setSym(de1);
-           this$1.add(de1);
-           this$1.add(de2);
-         }
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.add = function add (e) {
-         this._nodes.add(e);
-         this._edgeEndList.add(e);
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.getNodes = function getNodes () {
-         return this._nodes.values()
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.findEdge = function findEdge (p0, p1) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               this.any = function (s, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
+               };
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < this._edges.size(); i++) {
-           var e = this$1._edges.get(i);
-           var eCoord = e.getCoordinates();
-           if (p0.equals(eCoord[0]) && p1.equals(eCoord[1])) { return e }
-         }
-         return null
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return PlanarGraph
-       };
-       PlanarGraph.linkResultDirectedEdges = function linkResultDirectedEdges (nodes) {
-         for (var nodeit = nodes.iterator(); nodeit.hasNext();) {
-           var node = nodeit.next();
-           node.getEdges().linkResultDirectedEdges();
-         }
-       };
+               this.raw = function (s) {
+                 return rstr(s);
+               };
 
-       var PolygonBuilder = function PolygonBuilder () {
-         this._geometryFactory = null;
-         this._shellList = new ArrayList();
-         var geometryFactory = arguments[0];
-         this._geometryFactory = geometryFactory;
-       };
-       PolygonBuilder.prototype.sortShellsAndHoles = function sortShellsAndHoles (edgeRings, shellList, freeHoleList) {
-         for (var it = edgeRings.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var er = it.next();
-           if (er.isHole()) {
-             freeHoleList.add(er);
-           } else {
-             shellList.add(er);
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       PolygonBuilder.prototype.computePolygons = function computePolygons (shellList) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               this.hex_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
+               };
 
-         var resultPolyList = new ArrayList();
-         for (var it = shellList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var er = it.next();
-           var poly = er.toPolygon(this$1._geometryFactory);
-           resultPolyList.add(poly);
-         }
-         return resultPolyList
-       };
-       PolygonBuilder.prototype.placeFreeHoles = function placeFreeHoles (shellList, freeHoleList) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               this.b64_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
+               };
 
-         for (var it = freeHoleList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var hole = it.next();
-           if (hole.getShell() === null) {
-             var shell = this$1.findEdgeRingContaining(hole, shellList);
-             if (shell === null) { throw new TopologyException('unable to assign hole to a shell', hole.getCoordinate(0)) }
-             hole.setShell(shell);
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       PolygonBuilder.prototype.buildMinimalEdgeRings = function buildMinimalEdgeRings (maxEdgeRings, shellList, freeHoleList) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         var edgeRings = new ArrayList();
-         for (var it = maxEdgeRings.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var er = it.next();
-           if (er.getMaxNodeDegree() > 2) {
-             er.linkDirectedEdgesForMinimalEdgeRings();
-             var minEdgeRings = er.buildMinimalRings();
-             var shell = this$1.findShell(minEdgeRings);
-             if (shell !== null) {
-               this$1.placePolygonHoles(shell, minEdgeRings);
-               shellList.add(shell);
-             } else {
-               freeHoleList.addAll(minEdgeRings);
-             }
-           } else {
-             edgeRings.add(er);
-           }
-         }
-         return edgeRings
-       };
-       PolygonBuilder.prototype.containsPoint = function containsPoint (p) {
-         for (var it = this._shellList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var er = it.next();
-           if (er.containsPoint(p)) { return true }
-         }
-         return false
-       };
-       PolygonBuilder.prototype.buildMaximalEdgeRings = function buildMaximalEdgeRings (dirEdges) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               this.any_hmac = function (k, d, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
+               };
+               /**
+                * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
+                * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
+                * @public
+                */
 
-         var maxEdgeRings = new ArrayList();
-         for (var it = dirEdges.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var de = it.next();
-           if (de.isInResult() && de.getLabel().isArea()) {
-             if (de.getEdgeRing() === null) {
-               var er = new MaximalEdgeRing(de, this$1._geometryFactory);
-               maxEdgeRings.add(er);
-               er.setInResult();
-             }
-           }
-         }
-         return maxEdgeRings
-       };
-       PolygonBuilder.prototype.placePolygonHoles = function placePolygonHoles (shell, minEdgeRings) {
-         for (var it = minEdgeRings.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var er = it.next();
-           if (er.isHole()) {
-             er.setShell(shell);
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       PolygonBuilder.prototype.getPolygons = function getPolygons () {
-         var resultPolyList = this.computePolygons(this._shellList);
-         return resultPolyList
-       };
-       PolygonBuilder.prototype.findEdgeRingContaining = function findEdgeRingContaining (testEr, shellList) {
-         var testRing = testEr.getLinearRing();
-         var testEnv = testRing.getEnvelopeInternal();
-         var testPt = testRing.getCoordinateN(0);
-         var minShell = null;
-         var minEnv = null;
-         for (var it = shellList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var tryShell = it.next();
-           var tryRing = tryShell.getLinearRing();
-           var tryEnv = tryRing.getEnvelopeInternal();
-           if (minShell !== null) { minEnv = minShell.getLinearRing().getEnvelopeInternal(); }
-           var isContained = false;
-           if (tryEnv.contains(testEnv) && CGAlgorithms.isPointInRing(testPt, tryRing.getCoordinates())) { isContained = true; }
-           if (isContained) {
-             if (minShell === null || minEnv.contains(tryEnv)) {
-               minShell = tryShell;
-             }
-           }
-         }
-         return minShell
-       };
-       PolygonBuilder.prototype.findShell = function findShell (minEdgeRings) {
-         var shellCount = 0;
-         var shell = null;
-         for (var it = minEdgeRings.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var er = it.next();
-           if (!er.isHole()) {
-             shell = er;
-             shellCount++;
-           }
-         }
-         Assert.isTrue(shellCount <= 1, 'found two shells in MinimalEdgeRing list');
-         return shell
-       };
-       PolygonBuilder.prototype.add = function add () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var graph = arguments[0];
-           this.add(graph.getEdgeEnds(), graph.getNodes());
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var dirEdges = arguments[0];
-           var nodes = arguments[1];
-           PlanarGraph.linkResultDirectedEdges(nodes);
-           var maxEdgeRings = this.buildMaximalEdgeRings(dirEdges);
-           var freeHoleList = new ArrayList();
-           var edgeRings = this.buildMinimalEdgeRings(maxEdgeRings, this._shellList, freeHoleList);
-           this.sortShellsAndHoles(edgeRings, this._shellList, freeHoleList);
-           this.placeFreeHoles(this._shellList, freeHoleList);
-         }
-       };
-       PolygonBuilder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       PolygonBuilder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return PolygonBuilder
-       };
 
-       var Boundable = function Boundable () {};
+               this.vm_test = function () {
+                 return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
+                * @param {boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-       Boundable.prototype.getBounds = function getBounds () {};
-       Boundable.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       Boundable.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Boundable
-       };
 
-       var ItemBoundable = function ItemBoundable () {
-         this._bounds = null;
-         this._item = null;
-         var bounds = arguments[0];
-         var item = arguments[1];
-         this._bounds = bounds;
-         this._item = item;
-       };
-       ItemBoundable.prototype.getItem = function getItem () {
-         return this._item
-       };
-       ItemBoundable.prototype.getBounds = function getBounds () {
-         return this._bounds
-       };
-       ItemBoundable.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Boundable, Serializable]
-       };
-       ItemBoundable.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return ItemBoundable
-       };
+               this.setUpperCase = function (a) {
+                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
+                   hexcase = a;
+                 }
 
-       var PriorityQueue = function PriorityQueue () {
-         this._size = null;
-         this._items = null;
-         this._size = 0;
-         this._items = new ArrayList();
-         this._items.add(null);
-       };
-       PriorityQueue.prototype.poll = function poll () {
-         if (this.isEmpty()) { return null }
-         var minItem = this._items.get(1);
-         this._items.set(1, this._items.get(this._size));
-         this._size -= 1;
-         this.reorder(1);
-         return minItem
-       };
-       PriorityQueue.prototype.size = function size () {
-         return this._size
-       };
-       PriorityQueue.prototype.reorder = function reorder (hole) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {string} Pad
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-         var child = null;
-         var tmp = this._items.get(hole);
-         for (; hole * 2 <= this._size; hole = child) {
-           child = hole * 2;
-           if (child !== this$1._size && this$1._items.get(child + 1).compareTo(this$1._items.get(child)) < 0) { child++; }
-           if (this$1._items.get(child).compareTo(tmp) < 0) { this$1._items.set(hole, this$1._items.get(child)); } else { break }
-         }
-         this._items.set(hole, tmp);
-       };
-       PriorityQueue.prototype.clear = function clear () {
-         this._size = 0;
-         this._items.clear();
-       };
-       PriorityQueue.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
-         return this._size === 0
-       };
-       PriorityQueue.prototype.add = function add (x) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         this._items.add(null);
-         this._size += 1;
-         var hole = this._size;
-         this._items.set(0, x);
-         for (; x.compareTo(this._items.get(Math.trunc(hole / 2))) < 0; hole /= 2) {
-           this$1._items.set(hole, this$1._items.get(Math.trunc(hole / 2)));
-         }
-         this._items.set(hole, x);
-       };
-       PriorityQueue.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       PriorityQueue.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return PriorityQueue
-       };
+               this.setPad = function (a) {
+                 b64pad = a || b64pad;
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-       var ItemVisitor = function ItemVisitor () {};
 
-       ItemVisitor.prototype.visitItem = function visitItem (item) {};
-       ItemVisitor.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       ItemVisitor.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return ItemVisitor
-       };
+               this.setUTF8 = function (a) {
+                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
+                   utf8 = a;
+                 }
 
-       var SpatialIndex = function SpatialIndex () {};
+                 return this;
+               }; // private methods
 
-       SpatialIndex.prototype.insert = function insert (itemEnv, item) {};
-       SpatialIndex.prototype.remove = function remove (itemEnv, item) {};
-       SpatialIndex.prototype.query = function query () {
-         // if (arguments.length === 1) {
-         // const searchEnv = arguments[0]
-         // } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-         // const searchEnv = arguments[0]
-         // const visitor = arguments[1]
-         // }
-       };
-       SpatialIndex.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       SpatialIndex.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return SpatialIndex
-       };
+               /**
+                * Calculate the SHA-512 of a raw string
+                */
 
-       var AbstractNode = function AbstractNode () {
-         this._childBoundables = new ArrayList();
-         this._bounds = null;
-         this._level = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 0) ; else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var level = arguments[0];
-           this._level = level;
-         }
-       };
 
-       var staticAccessors$22 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
-       AbstractNode.prototype.getLevel = function getLevel () {
-         return this._level
-       };
-       AbstractNode.prototype.size = function size () {
-         return this._childBoundables.size()
-       };
-       AbstractNode.prototype.getChildBoundables = function getChildBoundables () {
-         return this._childBoundables
-       };
-       AbstractNode.prototype.addChildBoundable = function addChildBoundable (childBoundable) {
-         Assert.isTrue(this._bounds === null);
-         this._childBoundables.add(childBoundable);
-       };
-       AbstractNode.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
-         return this._childBoundables.isEmpty()
-       };
-       AbstractNode.prototype.getBounds = function getBounds () {
-         if (this._bounds === null) {
-           this._bounds = this.computeBounds();
-         }
-         return this._bounds
-       };
-       AbstractNode.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Boundable, Serializable]
-       };
-       AbstractNode.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return AbstractNode
-       };
-       staticAccessors$22.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 6493722185909573708 };
+               function rstr(s) {
+                 s = utf8 ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
+                 return binb2rstr(binb(rstr2binb(s), s.length * 8));
+               }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the HMAC-SHA1 of a key and some data (raw strings)
+                */
 
-       Object.defineProperties( AbstractNode, staticAccessors$22 );
 
-       var Collections = function Collections () {};
+               function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
+                 var bkey, ipad, opad, i, hash;
+                 key = utf8 ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
+                 data = utf8 ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
+                 bkey = rstr2binb(key);
 
-       Collections.reverseOrder = function reverseOrder () {
-         return {
-           compare: function compare (a, b) {
-             return b.compareTo(a)
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       Collections.min = function min (l) {
-         Collections.sort(l);
-         return l.get(0)
-       };
-       Collections.sort = function sort (l, c) {
-         var a = l.toArray();
-         if (c) {
-           Arrays.sort(a, c);
-         } else {
-           Arrays.sort(a);
-         }
-         var i = l.iterator();
-         for (var pos = 0, alen = a.length; pos < alen; pos++) {
-           i.next();
-           i.set(a[pos]);
-         }
-       };
-       Collections.singletonList = function singletonList (o) {
-         var arrayList = new ArrayList();
-         arrayList.add(o);
-         return arrayList
-       };
+                 if (bkey.length > 16) {
+                   bkey = binb(bkey, key.length * 8);
+                 }
 
-       var BoundablePair = function BoundablePair () {
-         this._boundable1 = null;
-         this._boundable2 = null;
-         this._distance = null;
-         this._itemDistance = null;
-         var boundable1 = arguments[0];
-         var boundable2 = arguments[1];
-         var itemDistance = arguments[2];
-         this._boundable1 = boundable1;
-         this._boundable2 = boundable2;
-         this._itemDistance = itemDistance;
-         this._distance = this.distance();
-       };
-       BoundablePair.prototype.expandToQueue = function expandToQueue (priQ, minDistance) {
-         var isComp1 = BoundablePair.isComposite(this._boundable1);
-         var isComp2 = BoundablePair.isComposite(this._boundable2);
-         if (isComp1 && isComp2) {
-           if (BoundablePair.area(this._boundable1) > BoundablePair.area(this._boundable2)) {
-             this.expand(this._boundable1, this._boundable2, priQ, minDistance);
-             return null
-           } else {
-             this.expand(this._boundable2, this._boundable1, priQ, minDistance);
-             return null
-           }
-         } else if (isComp1) {
-           this.expand(this._boundable1, this._boundable2, priQ, minDistance);
-           return null
-         } else if (isComp2) {
-           this.expand(this._boundable2, this._boundable1, priQ, minDistance);
-           return null
-         }
-         throw new IllegalArgumentException('neither boundable is composite')
-       };
-       BoundablePair.prototype.isLeaves = function isLeaves () {
-         return !(BoundablePair.isComposite(this._boundable1) || BoundablePair.isComposite(this._boundable2))
-       };
-       BoundablePair.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
-         var nd = o;
-         if (this._distance < nd._distance) { return -1 }
-         if (this._distance > nd._distance) { return 1 }
-         return 0
-       };
-       BoundablePair.prototype.expand = function expand (bndComposite, bndOther, priQ, minDistance) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                 ipad = Array(16), opad = Array(16);
 
-         var children = bndComposite.getChildBoundables();
-         for (var i = children.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var child = i.next();
-           var bp = new BoundablePair(child, bndOther, this$1._itemDistance);
-           if (bp.getDistance() < minDistance) {
-             priQ.add(bp);
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       BoundablePair.prototype.getBoundable = function getBoundable (i) {
-         if (i === 0) { return this._boundable1 }
-         return this._boundable2
-       };
-       BoundablePair.prototype.getDistance = function getDistance () {
-         return this._distance
-       };
-       BoundablePair.prototype.distance = function distance () {
-         if (this.isLeaves()) {
-           return this._itemDistance.distance(this._boundable1, this._boundable2)
-         }
-         return this._boundable1.getBounds().distance(this._boundable2.getBounds())
-       };
-       BoundablePair.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Comparable]
-       };
-       BoundablePair.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return BoundablePair
-       };
-       BoundablePair.area = function area (b) {
-         return b.getBounds().getArea()
-       };
-       BoundablePair.isComposite = function isComposite (item) {
-         return item instanceof AbstractNode
-       };
+                 for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 1) {
+                   ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
+                   opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
+                 }
 
-       var AbstractSTRtree = function AbstractSTRtree () {
-         this._root = null;
-         this._built = false;
-         this._itemBoundables = new ArrayList();
-         this._nodeCapacity = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           var nodeCapacity = AbstractSTRtree.DEFAULT_NODE_CAPACITY;
-           this._nodeCapacity = nodeCapacity;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var nodeCapacity$1 = arguments[0];
-           Assert.isTrue(nodeCapacity$1 > 1, 'Node capacity must be greater than 1');
-           this._nodeCapacity = nodeCapacity$1;
-         }
-       };
+                 hash = binb(ipad.concat(rstr2binb(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
+                 return binb2rstr(binb(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 160));
+               }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the SHA-1 of an array of big-endian words, and a bit length
+                */
+
+
+               function binb(x, len) {
+                 var i,
+                     j,
+                     t,
+                     olda,
+                     oldb,
+                     oldc,
+                     oldd,
+                     olde,
+                     w = Array(80),
+                     a = 1732584193,
+                     b = -271733879,
+                     c = -1732584194,
+                     d = 271733878,
+                     e = -1009589776;
+                 /* append padding */
+
+                 x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << 24 - len % 32;
+                 x[(len + 64 >> 9 << 4) + 15] = len;
+
+                 for (i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16) {
+                   olda = a;
+                   oldb = b;
+                   oldc = c;
+                   oldd = d;
+                   olde = e;
+
+                   for (j = 0; j < 80; j += 1) {
+                     if (j < 16) {
+                       w[j] = x[i + j];
+                     } else {
+                       w[j] = bit_rol(w[j - 3] ^ w[j - 8] ^ w[j - 14] ^ w[j - 16], 1);
+                     }
 
-       var staticAccessors$23 = { IntersectsOp: { configurable: true },serialVersionUID: { configurable: true },DEFAULT_NODE_CAPACITY: { configurable: true } };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.getNodeCapacity = function getNodeCapacity () {
-         return this._nodeCapacity
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.lastNode = function lastNode (nodes) {
-         return nodes.get(nodes.size() - 1)
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.size = function size () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                     t = safe_add(safe_add(bit_rol(a, 5), sha1_ft(j, b, c, d)), safe_add(safe_add(e, w[j]), sha1_kt(j)));
+                     e = d;
+                     d = c;
+                     c = bit_rol(b, 30);
+                     b = a;
+                     a = t;
+                   }
 
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           if (this.isEmpty()) {
-             return 0
-           }
-           this.build();
-           return this.size(this._root)
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var node = arguments[0];
-           var size = 0;
-           for (var i = node.getChildBoundables().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var childBoundable = i.next();
-             if (childBoundable instanceof AbstractNode) {
-               size += this$1.size(childBoundable);
-             } else if (childBoundable instanceof ItemBoundable) {
-               size += 1;
-             }
-           }
-           return size
-         }
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.removeItem = function removeItem (node, item) {
-         var childToRemove = null;
-         for (var i = node.getChildBoundables().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var childBoundable = i.next();
-           if (childBoundable instanceof ItemBoundable) {
-             if (childBoundable.getItem() === item) { childToRemove = childBoundable; }
-           }
-         }
-         if (childToRemove !== null) {
-           node.getChildBoundables().remove(childToRemove);
-           return true
-         }
-         return false
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.itemsTree = function itemsTree () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           this.build();
-           var valuesTree = this.itemsTree(this._root);
-           if (valuesTree === null) { return new ArrayList() }
-           return valuesTree
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var node = arguments[0];
-           var valuesTreeForNode = new ArrayList();
-           for (var i = node.getChildBoundables().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var childBoundable = i.next();
-             if (childBoundable instanceof AbstractNode) {
-               var valuesTreeForChild = this$1.itemsTree(childBoundable);
-               if (valuesTreeForChild !== null) { valuesTreeForNode.add(valuesTreeForChild); }
-             } else if (childBoundable instanceof ItemBoundable) {
-               valuesTreeForNode.add(childBoundable.getItem());
-             } else {
-               Assert.shouldNeverReachHere();
-             }
-           }
-           if (valuesTreeForNode.size() <= 0) { return null }
-           return valuesTreeForNode
-         }
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.insert = function insert (bounds, item) {
-         Assert.isTrue(!this._built, 'Cannot insert items into an STR packed R-tree after it has been built.');
-         this._itemBoundables.add(new ItemBoundable(bounds, item));
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.boundablesAtLevel = function boundablesAtLevel () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                   a = safe_add(a, olda);
+                   b = safe_add(b, oldb);
+                   c = safe_add(c, oldc);
+                   d = safe_add(d, oldd);
+                   e = safe_add(e, olde);
+                 }
 
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var level = arguments[0];
-           var boundables = new ArrayList();
-           this.boundablesAtLevel(level, this._root, boundables);
-           return boundables
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var level$1 = arguments[0];
-           var top = arguments[1];
-           var boundables$1 = arguments[2];
-           Assert.isTrue(level$1 > -2);
-           if (top.getLevel() === level$1) {
-             boundables$1.add(top);
-             return null
-           }
-           for (var i = top.getChildBoundables().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var boundable = i.next();
-             if (boundable instanceof AbstractNode) {
-               this$1.boundablesAtLevel(level$1, boundable, boundables$1);
-             } else {
-               Assert.isTrue(boundable instanceof ItemBoundable);
-               if (level$1 === -1) {
-                 boundables$1.add(boundable);
+                 return Array(a, b, c, d, e);
                }
-             }
-           }
-           return null
-         }
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.query = function query () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               /**
+                * Perform the appropriate triplet combination function for the current
+                * iteration
+                */
 
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var searchBounds = arguments[0];
-           this.build();
-           var matches = new ArrayList();
-           if (this.isEmpty()) {
-             return matches
-           }
-           if (this.getIntersectsOp().intersects(this._root.getBounds(), searchBounds)) {
-             this.query(searchBounds, this._root, matches);
-           }
-           return matches
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var searchBounds$1 = arguments[0];
-           var visitor = arguments[1];
-           this.build();
-           if (this.isEmpty()) {
-             return null
-           }
-           if (this.getIntersectsOp().intersects(this._root.getBounds(), searchBounds$1)) {
-             this.query(searchBounds$1, this._root, visitor);
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           if (hasInterface(arguments[2], ItemVisitor) && (arguments[0] instanceof Object && arguments[1] instanceof AbstractNode)) {
-             var searchBounds$2 = arguments[0];
-             var node = arguments[1];
-             var visitor$1 = arguments[2];
-             var childBoundables = node.getChildBoundables();
-             for (var i = 0; i < childBoundables.size(); i++) {
-               var childBoundable = childBoundables.get(i);
-               if (!this$1.getIntersectsOp().intersects(childBoundable.getBounds(), searchBounds$2)) {
-                 continue
-               }
-               if (childBoundable instanceof AbstractNode) {
-                 this$1.query(searchBounds$2, childBoundable, visitor$1);
-               } else if (childBoundable instanceof ItemBoundable) {
-                 visitor$1.visitItem(childBoundable.getItem());
-               } else {
-                 Assert.shouldNeverReachHere();
-               }
-             }
-           } else if (hasInterface(arguments[2], List) && (arguments[0] instanceof Object && arguments[1] instanceof AbstractNode)) {
-             var searchBounds$3 = arguments[0];
-             var node$1 = arguments[1];
-             var matches$1 = arguments[2];
-             var childBoundables$1 = node$1.getChildBoundables();
-             for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < childBoundables$1.size(); i$1++) {
-               var childBoundable$1 = childBoundables$1.get(i$1);
-               if (!this$1.getIntersectsOp().intersects(childBoundable$1.getBounds(), searchBounds$3)) {
-                 continue
-               }
-               if (childBoundable$1 instanceof AbstractNode) {
-                 this$1.query(searchBounds$3, childBoundable$1, matches$1);
-               } else if (childBoundable$1 instanceof ItemBoundable) {
-                 matches$1.add(childBoundable$1.getItem());
-               } else {
-                 Assert.shouldNeverReachHere();
+
+               function sha1_ft(t, b, c, d) {
+                 if (t < 20) {
+                   return b & c | ~b & d;
+                 }
+
+                 if (t < 40) {
+                   return b ^ c ^ d;
+                 }
+
+                 if (t < 60) {
+                   return b & c | b & d | c & d;
+                 }
+
+                 return b ^ c ^ d;
                }
-             }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.build = function build () {
-         if (this._built) { return null }
-         this._root = this._itemBoundables.isEmpty() ? this.createNode(0) : this.createHigherLevels(this._itemBoundables, -1);
-         this._itemBoundables = null;
-         this._built = true;
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.getRoot = function getRoot () {
-         this.build();
-         return this._root
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.remove = function remove () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               /**
+                * Determine the appropriate additive constant for the current iteration
+                */
 
-         if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var searchBounds = arguments[0];
-           var item = arguments[1];
-           this.build();
-           if (this.getIntersectsOp().intersects(this._root.getBounds(), searchBounds)) {
-             return this.remove(searchBounds, this._root, item)
-           }
-           return false
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var searchBounds$1 = arguments[0];
-           var node = arguments[1];
-           var item$1 = arguments[2];
-           var found = this.removeItem(node, item$1);
-           if (found) { return true }
-           var childToPrune = null;
-           for (var i = node.getChildBoundables().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var childBoundable = i.next();
-             if (!this$1.getIntersectsOp().intersects(childBoundable.getBounds(), searchBounds$1)) {
-               continue
-             }
-             if (childBoundable instanceof AbstractNode) {
-               found = this$1.remove(searchBounds$1, childBoundable, item$1);
-               if (found) {
-                 childToPrune = childBoundable;
-                 break
+
+               function sha1_kt(t) {
+                 return t < 20 ? 1518500249 : t < 40 ? 1859775393 : t < 60 ? -1894007588 : -899497514;
                }
-             }
-           }
-           if (childToPrune !== null) {
-             if (childToPrune.getChildBoundables().isEmpty()) {
-               node.getChildBoundables().remove(childToPrune);
-             }
-           }
-           return found
-         }
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.createHigherLevels = function createHigherLevels (boundablesOfALevel, level) {
-         Assert.isTrue(!boundablesOfALevel.isEmpty());
-         var parentBoundables = this.createParentBoundables(boundablesOfALevel, level + 1);
-         if (parentBoundables.size() === 1) {
-           return parentBoundables.get(0)
-         }
-         return this.createHigherLevels(parentBoundables, level + 1)
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.depth = function depth () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             },
 
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           if (this.isEmpty()) {
-             return 0
-           }
-           this.build();
-           return this.depth(this._root)
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var node = arguments[0];
-           var maxChildDepth = 0;
-           for (var i = node.getChildBoundables().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var childBoundable = i.next();
-             if (childBoundable instanceof AbstractNode) {
-               var childDepth = this$1.depth(childBoundable);
-               if (childDepth > maxChildDepth) { maxChildDepth = childDepth; }
-             }
-           }
-           return maxChildDepth + 1
-         }
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.createParentBoundables = function createParentBoundables (childBoundables, newLevel) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         Assert.isTrue(!childBoundables.isEmpty());
-         var parentBoundables = new ArrayList();
-         parentBoundables.add(this.createNode(newLevel));
-         var sortedChildBoundables = new ArrayList(childBoundables);
-         Collections.sort(sortedChildBoundables, this.getComparator());
-         for (var i = sortedChildBoundables.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var childBoundable = i.next();
-           if (this$1.lastNode(parentBoundables).getChildBoundables().size() === this$1.getNodeCapacity()) {
-             parentBoundables.add(this$1.createNode(newLevel));
-           }
-           this$1.lastNode(parentBoundables).addChildBoundable(childBoundable);
-         }
-         return parentBoundables
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
-         if (!this._built) { return this._itemBoundables.isEmpty() }
-         return this._root.isEmpty()
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Serializable]
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return AbstractSTRtree
-       };
-       AbstractSTRtree.compareDoubles = function compareDoubles (a, b) {
-         return a > b ? 1 : a < b ? -1 : 0
-       };
-       staticAccessors$23.IntersectsOp.get = function () { return IntersectsOp };
-       staticAccessors$23.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -3886435814360241337 };
-       staticAccessors$23.DEFAULT_NODE_CAPACITY.get = function () { return 10 };
+             /**
+              * @class Hashes.SHA256
+              * @param {config}
+              *
+              * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-256, as defined in FIPS 180-2
+              * Version 2.2 Copyright Angel Marin, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
+              * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+              * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
+              * Also http://anmar.eu.org/projects/jssha2/
+              */
+             SHA256: function SHA256(options) {
+               /**
+                * Private properties configuration variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
+                * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
+                * @see this.setUpperCase() method
+                * @see this.setPad() method
+                */
+               options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean' ? options.uppercase : false;
+                   var // hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase  */
+               b64pad = options && typeof options.pad === 'string' ? options.pad : '=',
+
+               /* base-64 pad character. Default '=' for strict RFC compliance   */
+               utf8 = options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean' ? options.utf8 : true,
 
-       Object.defineProperties( AbstractSTRtree, staticAccessors$23 );
+               /* enable/disable utf8 encoding */
+               sha256_K;
+               /* privileged (public) methods */
 
-       var IntersectsOp = function IntersectsOp () {};
+               this.hex = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr(s, utf8));
+               };
 
-       var ItemDistance = function ItemDistance () {};
+               this.b64 = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr(s, utf8), b64pad);
+               };
 
-       ItemDistance.prototype.distance = function distance (item1, item2) {};
-       ItemDistance.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       ItemDistance.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return ItemDistance
-       };
+               this.any = function (s, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr(s, utf8), e);
+               };
 
-       var STRtree = (function (AbstractSTRtree$$1) {
-         function STRtree (nodeCapacity) {
-           nodeCapacity = nodeCapacity || STRtree.DEFAULT_NODE_CAPACITY;
-           AbstractSTRtree$$1.call(this, nodeCapacity);
-         }
-
-         if ( AbstractSTRtree$$1 ) STRtree.__proto__ = AbstractSTRtree$$1;
-         STRtree.prototype = Object.create( AbstractSTRtree$$1 && AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype );
-         STRtree.prototype.constructor = STRtree;
-
-         var staticAccessors = { STRtreeNode: { configurable: true },serialVersionUID: { configurable: true },xComparator: { configurable: true },yComparator: { configurable: true },intersectsOp: { configurable: true },DEFAULT_NODE_CAPACITY: { configurable: true } };
-         STRtree.prototype.createParentBoundablesFromVerticalSlices = function createParentBoundablesFromVerticalSlices (verticalSlices, newLevel) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           Assert.isTrue(verticalSlices.length > 0);
-           var parentBoundables = new ArrayList();
-           for (var i = 0; i < verticalSlices.length; i++) {
-             parentBoundables.addAll(this$1.createParentBoundablesFromVerticalSlice(verticalSlices[i], newLevel));
-           }
-           return parentBoundables
-         };
-         STRtree.prototype.createNode = function createNode (level) {
-           return new STRtreeNode(level)
-         };
-         STRtree.prototype.size = function size () {
-           if (arguments.length === 0) {
-             return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.size.call(this)
-           } else { return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.size.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         STRtree.prototype.insert = function insert () {
-           if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var itemEnv = arguments[0];
-             var item = arguments[1];
-             if (itemEnv.isNull()) {
-               return null
-             }
-             AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.insert.call(this, itemEnv, item);
-           } else { return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.insert.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         STRtree.prototype.getIntersectsOp = function getIntersectsOp () {
-           return STRtree.intersectsOp
-         };
-         STRtree.prototype.verticalSlices = function verticalSlices (childBoundables, sliceCount) {
-           var sliceCapacity = Math.trunc(Math.ceil(childBoundables.size() / sliceCount));
-           var slices = new Array(sliceCount).fill(null);
-           var i = childBoundables.iterator();
-           for (var j = 0; j < sliceCount; j++) {
-             slices[j] = new ArrayList();
-             var boundablesAddedToSlice = 0;
-             while (i.hasNext() && boundablesAddedToSlice < sliceCapacity) {
-               var childBoundable = i.next();
-               slices[j].add(childBoundable);
-               boundablesAddedToSlice++;
-             }
-           }
-           return slices
-         };
-         STRtree.prototype.query = function query () {
-           if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var searchEnv = arguments[0];
-             return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.query.call(this, searchEnv)
-           } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var searchEnv$1 = arguments[0];
-             var visitor = arguments[1];
-             AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.query.call(this, searchEnv$1, visitor);
-           } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-             if (hasInterface(arguments[2], ItemVisitor) && (arguments[0] instanceof Object && arguments[1] instanceof AbstractNode)) {
-               var searchBounds = arguments[0];
-               var node = arguments[1];
-               var visitor$1 = arguments[2];
-               AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.query.call(this, searchBounds, node, visitor$1);
-             } else if (hasInterface(arguments[2], List) && (arguments[0] instanceof Object && arguments[1] instanceof AbstractNode)) {
-               var searchBounds$1 = arguments[0];
-               var node$1 = arguments[1];
-               var matches = arguments[2];
-               AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.query.call(this, searchBounds$1, node$1, matches);
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         STRtree.prototype.getComparator = function getComparator () {
-           return STRtree.yComparator
-         };
-         STRtree.prototype.createParentBoundablesFromVerticalSlice = function createParentBoundablesFromVerticalSlice (childBoundables, newLevel) {
-           return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.createParentBoundables.call(this, childBoundables, newLevel)
-         };
-         STRtree.prototype.remove = function remove () {
-           if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var itemEnv = arguments[0];
-             var item = arguments[1];
-             return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.remove.call(this, itemEnv, item)
-           } else { return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.remove.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         STRtree.prototype.depth = function depth () {
-           if (arguments.length === 0) {
-             return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.depth.call(this)
-           } else { return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.depth.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         STRtree.prototype.createParentBoundables = function createParentBoundables (childBoundables, newLevel) {
-           Assert.isTrue(!childBoundables.isEmpty());
-           var minLeafCount = Math.trunc(Math.ceil(childBoundables.size() / this.getNodeCapacity()));
-           var sortedChildBoundables = new ArrayList(childBoundables);
-           Collections.sort(sortedChildBoundables, STRtree.xComparator);
-           var verticalSlices = this.verticalSlices(sortedChildBoundables, Math.trunc(Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(minLeafCount))));
-           return this.createParentBoundablesFromVerticalSlices(verticalSlices, newLevel)
-         };
-         STRtree.prototype.nearestNeighbour = function nearestNeighbour () {
-           if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             if (hasInterface(arguments[0], ItemDistance)) {
-               var itemDist = arguments[0];
-               var bp = new BoundablePair(this.getRoot(), this.getRoot(), itemDist);
-               return this.nearestNeighbour(bp)
-             } else if (arguments[0] instanceof BoundablePair) {
-               var initBndPair = arguments[0];
-               return this.nearestNeighbour(initBndPair, Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY)
-             }
-           } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             if (arguments[0] instanceof STRtree && hasInterface(arguments[1], ItemDistance)) {
-               var tree = arguments[0];
-               var itemDist$1 = arguments[1];
-               var bp$1 = new BoundablePair(this.getRoot(), tree.getRoot(), itemDist$1);
-               return this.nearestNeighbour(bp$1)
-             } else if (arguments[0] instanceof BoundablePair && typeof arguments[1] === 'number') {
-               var initBndPair$1 = arguments[0];
-               var maxDistance = arguments[1];
-               var distanceLowerBound = maxDistance;
-               var minPair = null;
-               var priQ = new PriorityQueue();
-               priQ.add(initBndPair$1);
-               while (!priQ.isEmpty() && distanceLowerBound > 0.0) {
-                 var bndPair = priQ.poll();
-                 var currentDistance = bndPair.getDistance();
-                 if (currentDistance >= distanceLowerBound) { break }
-                 if (bndPair.isLeaves()) {
-                   distanceLowerBound = currentDistance;
-                   minPair = bndPair;
-                 } else {
-                   bndPair.expandToQueue(priQ, distanceLowerBound);
+               this.raw = function (s) {
+                 return rstr(s, utf8);
+               };
+
+               this.hex_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
+               };
+
+               this.b64_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
+               };
+
+               this.any_hmac = function (k, d, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
+               };
+               /**
+                * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
+                * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
+                * @public
+                */
+
+
+               this.vm_test = function () {
+                 return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
+               };
+               /**
+                * Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
+                * @param {boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
+
+
+               this.setUpperCase = function (a) {
+
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {string} Pad
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
+
+
+               this.setPad = function (a) {
+                 b64pad = a || b64pad;
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
+
+
+               this.setUTF8 = function (a) {
+                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
+                   utf8 = a;
                  }
+
+                 return this;
+               }; // private methods
+
+               /**
+                * Calculate the SHA-512 of a raw string
+                */
+
+
+               function rstr(s, utf8) {
+                 s = utf8 ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
+                 return binb2rstr(binb(rstr2binb(s), s.length * 8));
                }
-               return [minPair.getBoundable(0).getItem(), minPair.getBoundable(1).getItem()]
-             }
-           } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-             var env = arguments[0];
-             var item = arguments[1];
-             var itemDist$2 = arguments[2];
-             var bnd = new ItemBoundable(env, item);
-             var bp$2 = new BoundablePair(this.getRoot(), bnd, itemDist$2);
-             return this.nearestNeighbour(bp$2)[0]
-           }
-         };
-         STRtree.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return [SpatialIndex, Serializable]
-         };
-         STRtree.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return STRtree
-         };
-         STRtree.centreX = function centreX (e) {
-           return STRtree.avg(e.getMinX(), e.getMaxX())
-         };
-         STRtree.avg = function avg (a, b) {
-           return (a + b) / 2
-         };
-         STRtree.centreY = function centreY (e) {
-           return STRtree.avg(e.getMinY(), e.getMaxY())
-         };
-         staticAccessors.STRtreeNode.get = function () { return STRtreeNode };
-         staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 259274702368956900 };
-         staticAccessors.xComparator.get = function () {
-           return {
-             interfaces_: function () {
-               return [Comparator]
-             },
-             compare: function (o1, o2) {
-               return AbstractSTRtree$$1.compareDoubles(STRtree.centreX(o1.getBounds()), STRtree.centreX(o2.getBounds()))
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         staticAccessors.yComparator.get = function () {
-           return {
-             interfaces_: function () {
-               return [Comparator]
-             },
-             compare: function (o1, o2) {
-               return AbstractSTRtree$$1.compareDoubles(STRtree.centreY(o1.getBounds()), STRtree.centreY(o2.getBounds()))
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         staticAccessors.intersectsOp.get = function () {
-           return {
-             interfaces_: function () {
-               return [AbstractSTRtree$$1.IntersectsOp]
-             },
-             intersects: function (aBounds, bBounds) {
-               return aBounds.intersects(bBounds)
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         staticAccessors.DEFAULT_NODE_CAPACITY.get = function () { return 10 };
+               /**
+                * Calculate the HMAC-sha256 of a key and some data (raw strings)
+                */
 
-         Object.defineProperties( STRtree, staticAccessors );
 
-         return STRtree;
-       }(AbstractSTRtree));
+               function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
+                 key = utf8 ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
+                 data = utf8 ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
+                 var hash,
+                     i = 0,
+                     bkey = rstr2binb(key),
+                     ipad = Array(16),
+                     opad = Array(16);
 
-       var STRtreeNode = (function (AbstractNode$$1) {
-         function STRtreeNode () {
-           var level = arguments[0];
-           AbstractNode$$1.call(this, level);
-         }
+                 if (bkey.length > 16) {
+                   bkey = binb(bkey, key.length * 8);
+                 }
 
-         if ( AbstractNode$$1 ) STRtreeNode.__proto__ = AbstractNode$$1;
-         STRtreeNode.prototype = Object.create( AbstractNode$$1 && AbstractNode$$1.prototype );
-         STRtreeNode.prototype.constructor = STRtreeNode;
-         STRtreeNode.prototype.computeBounds = function computeBounds () {
-           var bounds = null;
-           for (var i = this.getChildBoundables().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var childBoundable = i.next();
-             if (bounds === null) {
-               bounds = new Envelope(childBoundable.getBounds());
-             } else {
-               bounds.expandToInclude(childBoundable.getBounds());
-             }
-           }
-           return bounds
-         };
-         STRtreeNode.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         STRtreeNode.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return STRtreeNode
-         };
+                 for (; i < 16; i += 1) {
+                   ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
+                   opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
+                 }
 
-         return STRtreeNode;
-       }(AbstractNode));
+                 hash = binb(ipad.concat(rstr2binb(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
+                 return binb2rstr(binb(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 256));
+               }
+               /*
+                * Main sha256 function, with its support functions
+                */
 
-       var SegmentPointComparator = function SegmentPointComparator () {};
 
-       SegmentPointComparator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       SegmentPointComparator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return SegmentPointComparator
-       };
-       SegmentPointComparator.relativeSign = function relativeSign (x0, x1) {
-         if (x0 < x1) { return -1 }
-         if (x0 > x1) { return 1 }
-         return 0
-       };
-       SegmentPointComparator.compare = function compare (octant, p0, p1) {
-         if (p0.equals2D(p1)) { return 0 }
-         var xSign = SegmentPointComparator.relativeSign(p0.x, p1.x);
-         var ySign = SegmentPointComparator.relativeSign(p0.y, p1.y);
-         switch (octant) {
-           case 0:
-             return SegmentPointComparator.compareValue(xSign, ySign)
-           case 1:
-             return SegmentPointComparator.compareValue(ySign, xSign)
-           case 2:
-             return SegmentPointComparator.compareValue(ySign, -xSign)
-           case 3:
-             return SegmentPointComparator.compareValue(-xSign, ySign)
-           case 4:
-             return SegmentPointComparator.compareValue(-xSign, -ySign)
-           case 5:
-             return SegmentPointComparator.compareValue(-ySign, -xSign)
-           case 6:
-             return SegmentPointComparator.compareValue(-ySign, xSign)
-           case 7:
-             return SegmentPointComparator.compareValue(xSign, -ySign)
-         }
-         Assert.shouldNeverReachHere('invalid octant value');
-         return 0
-       };
-       SegmentPointComparator.compareValue = function compareValue (compareSign0, compareSign1) {
-         if (compareSign0 < 0) { return -1 }
-         if (compareSign0 > 0) { return 1 }
-         if (compareSign1 < 0) { return -1 }
-         if (compareSign1 > 0) { return 1 }
-         return 0
-       };
+               function sha256_S(X, n) {
+                 return X >>> n | X << 32 - n;
+               }
 
-       var SegmentNode = function SegmentNode () {
-         this._segString = null;
-         this.coord = null;
-         this.segmentIndex = null;
-         this._segmentOctant = null;
-         this._isInterior = null;
-         var segString = arguments[0];
-         var coord = arguments[1];
-         var segmentIndex = arguments[2];
-         var segmentOctant = arguments[3];
-         this._segString = segString;
-         this.coord = new Coordinate(coord);
-         this.segmentIndex = segmentIndex;
-         this._segmentOctant = segmentOctant;
-         this._isInterior = !coord.equals2D(segString.getCoordinate(segmentIndex));
-       };
-       SegmentNode.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-         return this.coord
-       };
-       SegmentNode.prototype.print = function print (out) {
-         out.print(this.coord);
-         out.print(' seg # = ' + this.segmentIndex);
-       };
-       SegmentNode.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (obj) {
-         var other = obj;
-         if (this.segmentIndex < other.segmentIndex) { return -1 }
-         if (this.segmentIndex > other.segmentIndex) { return 1 }
-         if (this.coord.equals2D(other.coord)) { return 0 }
-         return SegmentPointComparator.compare(this._segmentOctant, this.coord, other.coord)
-       };
-       SegmentNode.prototype.isEndPoint = function isEndPoint (maxSegmentIndex) {
-         if (this.segmentIndex === 0 && !this._isInterior) { return true }
-         if (this.segmentIndex === maxSegmentIndex) { return true }
-         return false
-       };
-       SegmentNode.prototype.isInterior = function isInterior () {
-         return this._isInterior
-       };
-       SegmentNode.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Comparable]
-       };
-       SegmentNode.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return SegmentNode
-       };
+               function sha256_R(X, n) {
+                 return X >>> n;
+               }
 
-       // import Iterator from '../../../../java/util/Iterator'
-       var SegmentNodeList = function SegmentNodeList () {
-         this._nodeMap = new TreeMap();
-         this._edge = null;
-         var edge = arguments[0];
-         this._edge = edge;
-       };
-       SegmentNodeList.prototype.getSplitCoordinates = function getSplitCoordinates () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         var coordList = new CoordinateList();
-         this.addEndpoints();
-         var it = this.iterator();
-         var eiPrev = it.next();
-         while (it.hasNext()) {
-           var ei = it.next();
-           this$1.addEdgeCoordinates(eiPrev, ei, coordList);
-           eiPrev = ei;
-         }
-         return coordList.toCoordinateArray()
-       };
-       SegmentNodeList.prototype.addCollapsedNodes = function addCollapsedNodes () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               function sha256_Ch(x, y, z) {
+                 return x & y ^ ~x & z;
+               }
 
-         var collapsedVertexIndexes = new ArrayList();
-         this.findCollapsesFromInsertedNodes(collapsedVertexIndexes);
-         this.findCollapsesFromExistingVertices(collapsedVertexIndexes);
-         for (var it = collapsedVertexIndexes.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var vertexIndex = it.next().intValue();
-           this$1.add(this$1._edge.getCoordinate(vertexIndex), vertexIndex);
-         }
-       };
-       SegmentNodeList.prototype.print = function print (out) {
-         out.println('Intersections:');
-         for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var ei = it.next();
-           ei.print(out);
-         }
-       };
-       SegmentNodeList.prototype.findCollapsesFromExistingVertices = function findCollapsesFromExistingVertices (collapsedVertexIndexes) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               function sha256_Maj(x, y, z) {
+                 return x & y ^ x & z ^ y & z;
+               }
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < this._edge.size() - 2; i++) {
-           var p0 = this$1._edge.getCoordinate(i);
-           // const p1 = this._edge.getCoordinate(i + 1)
-           var p2 = this$1._edge.getCoordinate(i + 2);
-           if (p0.equals2D(p2)) {
-             collapsedVertexIndexes.add(new Integer(i + 1));
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       SegmentNodeList.prototype.addEdgeCoordinates = function addEdgeCoordinates (ei0, ei1, coordList) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         // let npts = ei1.segmentIndex - ei0.segmentIndex + 2
-         var lastSegStartPt = this._edge.getCoordinate(ei1.segmentIndex);
-         var useIntPt1 = ei1.isInterior() || !ei1.coord.equals2D(lastSegStartPt);
-         // if (!useIntPt1) {
-         // npts--
-         // }
-         // const ipt = 0
-         coordList.add(new Coordinate(ei0.coord), false);
-         for (var i = ei0.segmentIndex + 1; i <= ei1.segmentIndex; i++) {
-           coordList.add(this$1._edge.getCoordinate(i));
-         }
-         if (useIntPt1) {
-           coordList.add(new Coordinate(ei1.coord));
-         }
-       };
-       SegmentNodeList.prototype.iterator = function iterator () {
-         return this._nodeMap.values().iterator()
-       };
-       SegmentNodeList.prototype.addSplitEdges = function addSplitEdges (edgeList) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         this.addEndpoints();
-         this.addCollapsedNodes();
-         var it = this.iterator();
-         var eiPrev = it.next();
-         while (it.hasNext()) {
-           var ei = it.next();
-           var newEdge = this$1.createSplitEdge(eiPrev, ei);
-           edgeList.add(newEdge);
-           eiPrev = ei;
-         }
-       };
-       SegmentNodeList.prototype.findCollapseIndex = function findCollapseIndex (ei0, ei1, collapsedVertexIndex) {
-         if (!ei0.coord.equals2D(ei1.coord)) { return false }
-         var numVerticesBetween = ei1.segmentIndex - ei0.segmentIndex;
-         if (!ei1.isInterior()) {
-           numVerticesBetween--;
-         }
-         if (numVerticesBetween === 1) {
-           collapsedVertexIndex[0] = ei0.segmentIndex + 1;
-           return true
-         }
-         return false
-       };
-       SegmentNodeList.prototype.findCollapsesFromInsertedNodes = function findCollapsesFromInsertedNodes (collapsedVertexIndexes) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         var collapsedVertexIndex = new Array(1).fill(null);
-         var it = this.iterator();
-         var eiPrev = it.next();
-         while (it.hasNext()) {
-           var ei = it.next();
-           var isCollapsed = this$1.findCollapseIndex(eiPrev, ei, collapsedVertexIndex);
-           if (isCollapsed) { collapsedVertexIndexes.add(new Integer(collapsedVertexIndex[0])); }
-           eiPrev = ei;
-         }
-       };
-       SegmentNodeList.prototype.getEdge = function getEdge () {
-         return this._edge
-       };
-       SegmentNodeList.prototype.addEndpoints = function addEndpoints () {
-         var maxSegIndex = this._edge.size() - 1;
-         this.add(this._edge.getCoordinate(0), 0);
-         this.add(this._edge.getCoordinate(maxSegIndex), maxSegIndex);
-       };
-       SegmentNodeList.prototype.createSplitEdge = function createSplitEdge (ei0, ei1) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         var npts = ei1.segmentIndex - ei0.segmentIndex + 2;
-         var lastSegStartPt = this._edge.getCoordinate(ei1.segmentIndex);
-         var useIntPt1 = ei1.isInterior() || !ei1.coord.equals2D(lastSegStartPt);
-         if (!useIntPt1) {
-           npts--;
-         }
-         var pts = new Array(npts).fill(null);
-         var ipt = 0;
-         pts[ipt++] = new Coordinate(ei0.coord);
-         for (var i = ei0.segmentIndex + 1; i <= ei1.segmentIndex; i++) {
-           pts[ipt++] = this$1._edge.getCoordinate(i);
-         }
-         if (useIntPt1) { pts[ipt] = new Coordinate(ei1.coord); }
-         return new NodedSegmentString(pts, this._edge.getData())
-       };
-       SegmentNodeList.prototype.add = function add (intPt, segmentIndex) {
-         var eiNew = new SegmentNode(this._edge, intPt, segmentIndex, this._edge.getSegmentOctant(segmentIndex));
-         var ei = this._nodeMap.get(eiNew);
-         if (ei !== null) {
-           Assert.isTrue(ei.coord.equals2D(intPt), 'Found equal nodes with different coordinates');
-           return ei
-         }
-         this._nodeMap.put(eiNew, eiNew);
-         return eiNew
-       };
-       SegmentNodeList.prototype.checkSplitEdgesCorrectness = function checkSplitEdgesCorrectness (splitEdges) {
-         var edgePts = this._edge.getCoordinates();
-         var split0 = splitEdges.get(0);
-         var pt0 = split0.getCoordinate(0);
-         if (!pt0.equals2D(edgePts[0])) { throw new RuntimeException('bad split edge start point at ' + pt0) }
-         var splitn = splitEdges.get(splitEdges.size() - 1);
-         var splitnPts = splitn.getCoordinates();
-         var ptn = splitnPts[splitnPts.length - 1];
-         if (!ptn.equals2D(edgePts[edgePts.length - 1])) { throw new RuntimeException('bad split edge end point at ' + ptn) }
-       };
-       SegmentNodeList.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       SegmentNodeList.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return SegmentNodeList
-       };
+               function sha256_Sigma0256(x) {
+                 return sha256_S(x, 2) ^ sha256_S(x, 13) ^ sha256_S(x, 22);
+               }
 
+               function sha256_Sigma1256(x) {
+                 return sha256_S(x, 6) ^ sha256_S(x, 11) ^ sha256_S(x, 25);
+               }
 
+               function sha256_Gamma0256(x) {
+                 return sha256_S(x, 7) ^ sha256_S(x, 18) ^ sha256_R(x, 3);
+               }
 
-       // class NodeVertexIterator {
-       //   constructor () {
-       //     this._nodeList = null
-       //     this._edge = null
-       //     this._nodeIt = null
-       //     this._currNode = null
-       //     this._nextNode = null
-       //     this._currSegIndex = 0
-       //     let nodeList = arguments[0]
-       //     this._nodeList = nodeList
-       //     this._edge = nodeList.getEdge()
-       //     this._nodeIt = nodeList.iterator()
-       //     this.readNextNode()
-       //   }
-       //   next () {
-       //     if (this._currNode === null) {
-       //       this._currNode = this._nextNode
-       //       this._currSegIndex = this._currNode.segmentIndex
-       //       this.readNextNode()
-       //       return this._currNode
-       //     }
-       //     if (this._nextNode === null) return null
-       //     if (this._nextNode.segmentIndex === this._currNode.segmentIndex) {
-       //       this._currNode = this._nextNode
-       //       this._currSegIndex = this._currNode.segmentIndex
-       //       this.readNextNode()
-       //       return this._currNode
-       //     }
-       //     if (this._nextNode.segmentIndex > this._currNode.segmentIndex) {}
-       //     return null
-       //   }
-       //   remove () {
-       //     // throw new UnsupportedOperationException(this.getClass().getName())
-       //   }
-       //   hasNext () {
-       //     if (this._nextNode === null) return false
-       //     return true
-       //   }
-       //   readNextNode () {
-       //     if (this._nodeIt.hasNext()) this._nextNode = this._nodeIt.next(); else this._nextNode = null
-       //   }
-       //   interfaces_ () {
-       //     return [Iterator]
-       //   }
-       //   getClass () {
-       //     return NodeVertexIterator
-       //   }
-       // }
+               function sha256_Gamma1256(x) {
+                 return sha256_S(x, 17) ^ sha256_S(x, 19) ^ sha256_R(x, 10);
+               }
 
-       var Octant = function Octant () {};
+               sha256_K = [1116352408, 1899447441, -1245643825, -373957723, 961987163, 1508970993, -1841331548, -1424204075, -670586216, 310598401, 607225278, 1426881987, 1925078388, -2132889090, -1680079193, -1046744716, -459576895, -272742522, 264347078, 604807628, 770255983, 1249150122, 1555081692, 1996064986, -1740746414, -1473132947, -1341970488, -1084653625, -958395405, -710438585, 113926993, 338241895, 666307205, 773529912, 1294757372, 1396182291, 1695183700, 1986661051, -2117940946, -1838011259, -1564481375, -1474664885, -1035236496, -949202525, -778901479, -694614492, -200395387, 275423344, 430227734, 506948616, 659060556, 883997877, 958139571, 1322822218, 1537002063, 1747873779, 1955562222, 2024104815, -2067236844, -1933114872, -1866530822, -1538233109, -1090935817, -965641998];
 
-       Octant.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       Octant.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Octant
-       };
-       Octant.octant = function octant () {
-         if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number' && typeof arguments[1] === 'number') {
-           var dx = arguments[0];
-           var dy = arguments[1];
-           if (dx === 0.0 && dy === 0.0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Cannot compute the octant for point ( ' + dx + ', ' + dy + ' )') }
-           var adx = Math.abs(dx);
-           var ady = Math.abs(dy);
-           if (dx >= 0) {
-             if (dy >= 0) {
-               if (adx >= ady) { return 0; } else { return 1 }
-             } else {
-               if (adx >= ady) { return 7; } else { return 6 }
-             }
-           } else {
-             if (dy >= 0) {
-               if (adx >= ady) { return 3; } else { return 2 }
-             } else {
-               if (adx >= ady) { return 4; } else { return 5 }
-             }
-           }
-         } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate) {
-           var p0 = arguments[0];
-           var p1 = arguments[1];
-           var dx$1 = p1.x - p0.x;
-           var dy$1 = p1.y - p0.y;
-           if (dx$1 === 0.0 && dy$1 === 0.0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Cannot compute the octant for two identical points ' + p0) }
-           return Octant.octant(dx$1, dy$1)
-         }
-       };
+               function binb(m, l) {
+                 var HASH = [1779033703, -1150833019, 1013904242, -1521486534, 1359893119, -1694144372, 528734635, 1541459225];
+                 var W = new Array(64);
+                 var a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h;
+                 var i, j, T1, T2;
+                 /* append padding */
 
-       var SegmentString = function SegmentString () {};
+                 m[l >> 5] |= 0x80 << 24 - l % 32;
+                 m[(l + 64 >> 9 << 4) + 15] = l;
 
-       SegmentString.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {};
-       SegmentString.prototype.size = function size () {};
-       SegmentString.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate (i) {};
-       SegmentString.prototype.isClosed = function isClosed () {};
-       SegmentString.prototype.setData = function setData (data) {};
-       SegmentString.prototype.getData = function getData () {};
-       SegmentString.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       SegmentString.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return SegmentString
-       };
+                 for (i = 0; i < m.length; i += 16) {
+                   a = HASH[0];
+                   b = HASH[1];
+                   c = HASH[2];
+                   d = HASH[3];
+                   e = HASH[4];
+                   f = HASH[5];
+                   g = HASH[6];
+                   h = HASH[7];
 
-       var NodableSegmentString = function NodableSegmentString () {};
+                   for (j = 0; j < 64; j += 1) {
+                     if (j < 16) {
+                       W[j] = m[j + i];
+                     } else {
+                       W[j] = safe_add(safe_add(safe_add(sha256_Gamma1256(W[j - 2]), W[j - 7]), sha256_Gamma0256(W[j - 15])), W[j - 16]);
+                     }
 
-       NodableSegmentString.prototype.addIntersection = function addIntersection (intPt, segmentIndex) {};
-       NodableSegmentString.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [SegmentString]
-       };
-       NodableSegmentString.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return NodableSegmentString
-       };
+                     T1 = safe_add(safe_add(safe_add(safe_add(h, sha256_Sigma1256(e)), sha256_Ch(e, f, g)), sha256_K[j]), W[j]);
+                     T2 = safe_add(sha256_Sigma0256(a), sha256_Maj(a, b, c));
+                     h = g;
+                     g = f;
+                     f = e;
+                     e = safe_add(d, T1);
+                     d = c;
+                     c = b;
+                     b = a;
+                     a = safe_add(T1, T2);
+                   }
+
+                   HASH[0] = safe_add(a, HASH[0]);
+                   HASH[1] = safe_add(b, HASH[1]);
+                   HASH[2] = safe_add(c, HASH[2]);
+                   HASH[3] = safe_add(d, HASH[3]);
+                   HASH[4] = safe_add(e, HASH[4]);
+                   HASH[5] = safe_add(f, HASH[5]);
+                   HASH[6] = safe_add(g, HASH[6]);
+                   HASH[7] = safe_add(h, HASH[7]);
+                 }
 
-       var NodedSegmentString = function NodedSegmentString () {
-         this._nodeList = new SegmentNodeList(this);
-         this._pts = null;
-         this._data = null;
-         var pts = arguments[0];
-         var data = arguments[1];
-         this._pts = pts;
-         this._data = data;
-       };
-       NodedSegmentString.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
-         return this._pts
-       };
-       NodedSegmentString.prototype.size = function size () {
-         return this._pts.length
-       };
-       NodedSegmentString.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate (i) {
-         return this._pts[i]
-       };
-       NodedSegmentString.prototype.isClosed = function isClosed () {
-         return this._pts[0].equals(this._pts[this._pts.length - 1])
-       };
-       NodedSegmentString.prototype.getSegmentOctant = function getSegmentOctant (index) {
-         if (index === this._pts.length - 1) { return -1 }
-         return this.safeOctant(this.getCoordinate(index), this.getCoordinate(index + 1))
-       };
-       NodedSegmentString.prototype.setData = function setData (data) {
-         this._data = data;
-       };
-       NodedSegmentString.prototype.safeOctant = function safeOctant (p0, p1) {
-         if (p0.equals2D(p1)) { return 0 }
-         return Octant.octant(p0, p1)
-       };
-       NodedSegmentString.prototype.getData = function getData () {
-         return this._data
-       };
-       NodedSegmentString.prototype.addIntersection = function addIntersection () {
-         if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var intPt$1 = arguments[0];
-           var segmentIndex = arguments[1];
-           this.addIntersectionNode(intPt$1, segmentIndex);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
-           var li = arguments[0];
-           var segmentIndex$1 = arguments[1];
-           // const geomIndex = arguments[2]
-           var intIndex = arguments[3];
-           var intPt = new Coordinate(li.getIntersection(intIndex));
-           this.addIntersection(intPt, segmentIndex$1);
-         }
-       };
-       NodedSegmentString.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         return WKTWriter.toLineString(new CoordinateArraySequence(this._pts))
-       };
-       NodedSegmentString.prototype.getNodeList = function getNodeList () {
-         return this._nodeList
-       };
-       NodedSegmentString.prototype.addIntersectionNode = function addIntersectionNode (intPt, segmentIndex) {
-         var normalizedSegmentIndex = segmentIndex;
-         var nextSegIndex = normalizedSegmentIndex + 1;
-         if (nextSegIndex < this._pts.length) {
-           var nextPt = this._pts[nextSegIndex];
-           if (intPt.equals2D(nextPt)) {
-             normalizedSegmentIndex = nextSegIndex;
-           }
-         }
-         var ei = this._nodeList.add(intPt, normalizedSegmentIndex);
-         return ei
-       };
-       NodedSegmentString.prototype.addIntersections = function addIntersections (li, segmentIndex, geomIndex) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                 return HASH;
+               }
+             },
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < li.getIntersectionNum(); i++) {
-           this$1.addIntersection(li, segmentIndex, geomIndex, i);
-         }
-       };
-       NodedSegmentString.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [NodableSegmentString]
-       };
-       NodedSegmentString.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return NodedSegmentString
-       };
-       NodedSegmentString.getNodedSubstrings = function getNodedSubstrings () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var segStrings = arguments[0];
-           var resultEdgelist = new ArrayList();
-           NodedSegmentString.getNodedSubstrings(segStrings, resultEdgelist);
-           return resultEdgelist
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var segStrings$1 = arguments[0];
-           var resultEdgelist$1 = arguments[1];
-           for (var i = segStrings$1.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var ss = i.next();
-             ss.getNodeList().addSplitEdges(resultEdgelist$1);
-           }
-         }
-       };
+             /**
+              * @class Hashes.SHA512
+              * @param {config}
+              *
+              * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-512, as defined in FIPS 180-2
+              * Version 2.2 Copyright Anonymous Contributor, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
+              * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+              * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
+              */
+             SHA512: function SHA512(options) {
+               /**
+                * Private properties configuration variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
+                * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
+                * @see this.setUpperCase() method
+                * @see this.setPad() method
+                */
+               options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean' ? options.uppercase : false;
+
+               var /* hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase  */
+               b64pad = options && typeof options.pad === 'string' ? options.pad : '=',
 
-       var LineSegment = function LineSegment () {
-         this.p0 = null;
-         this.p1 = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           this.p0 = new Coordinate();
-           this.p1 = new Coordinate();
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var ls = arguments[0];
-           this.p0 = new Coordinate(ls.p0);
-           this.p1 = new Coordinate(ls.p1);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           this.p0 = arguments[0];
-           this.p1 = arguments[1];
-         } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
-           var x0 = arguments[0];
-           var y0 = arguments[1];
-           var x1 = arguments[2];
-           var y1 = arguments[3];
-           this.p0 = new Coordinate(x0, y0);
-           this.p1 = new Coordinate(x1, y1);
-         }
-       };
+               /* base-64 pad character. Default '=' for strict RFC compliance   */
+               utf8 = options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean' ? options.utf8 : true,
 
-       var staticAccessors$24 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
-       LineSegment.prototype.minX = function minX () {
-         return Math.min(this.p0.x, this.p1.x)
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.orientationIndex = function orientationIndex () {
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof LineSegment) {
-           var seg = arguments[0];
-           var orient0 = CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(this.p0, this.p1, seg.p0);
-           var orient1 = CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(this.p0, this.p1, seg.p1);
-           if (orient0 >= 0 && orient1 >= 0) { return Math.max(orient0, orient1) }
-           if (orient0 <= 0 && orient1 <= 0) { return Math.max(orient0, orient1) }
-           return 0
-         } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
-           var p = arguments[0];
-           return CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(this.p0, this.p1, p)
-         }
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.toGeometry = function toGeometry (geomFactory) {
-         return geomFactory.createLineString([this.p0, this.p1])
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.isVertical = function isVertical () {
-         return this.p0.x === this.p1.x
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.equals = function equals (o) {
-         if (!(o instanceof LineSegment)) {
-           return false
-         }
-         var other = o;
-         return this.p0.equals(other.p0) && this.p1.equals(other.p1)
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.intersection = function intersection (line) {
-         var li = new RobustLineIntersector();
-         li.computeIntersection(this.p0, this.p1, line.p0, line.p1);
-         if (li.hasIntersection()) { return li.getIntersection(0) }
-         return null
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.project = function project () {
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
-           var p = arguments[0];
-           if (p.equals(this.p0) || p.equals(this.p1)) { return new Coordinate(p) }
-           var r = this.projectionFactor(p);
-           var coord = new Coordinate();
-           coord.x = this.p0.x + r * (this.p1.x - this.p0.x);
-           coord.y = this.p0.y + r * (this.p1.y - this.p0.y);
-           return coord
-         } else if (arguments[0] instanceof LineSegment) {
-           var seg = arguments[0];
-           var pf0 = this.projectionFactor(seg.p0);
-           var pf1 = this.projectionFactor(seg.p1);
-           if (pf0 >= 1.0 && pf1 >= 1.0) { return null }
-           if (pf0 <= 0.0 && pf1 <= 0.0) { return null }
-           var newp0 = this.project(seg.p0);
-           if (pf0 < 0.0) { newp0 = this.p0; }
-           if (pf0 > 1.0) { newp0 = this.p1; }
-           var newp1 = this.project(seg.p1);
-           if (pf1 < 0.0) { newp1 = this.p0; }
-           if (pf1 > 1.0) { newp1 = this.p1; }
-           return new LineSegment(newp0, newp1)
-         }
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.normalize = function normalize () {
-         if (this.p1.compareTo(this.p0) < 0) { this.reverse(); }
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.angle = function angle () {
-         return Math.atan2(this.p1.y - this.p0.y, this.p1.x - this.p0.x)
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate (i) {
-         if (i === 0) { return this.p0 }
-         return this.p1
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.distancePerpendicular = function distancePerpendicular (p) {
-         return CGAlgorithms.distancePointLinePerpendicular(p, this.p0, this.p1)
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.minY = function minY () {
-         return Math.min(this.p0.y, this.p1.y)
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.midPoint = function midPoint () {
-         return LineSegment.midPoint(this.p0, this.p1)
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.projectionFactor = function projectionFactor (p) {
-         if (p.equals(this.p0)) { return 0.0 }
-         if (p.equals(this.p1)) { return 1.0 }
-         var dx = this.p1.x - this.p0.x;
-         var dy = this.p1.y - this.p0.y;
-         var len = dx * dx + dy * dy;
-         if (len <= 0.0) { return Double.NaN }
-         var r = ((p.x - this.p0.x) * dx + (p.y - this.p0.y) * dy) / len;
-         return r
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.closestPoints = function closestPoints (line) {
-         var intPt = this.intersection(line);
-         if (intPt !== null) {
-           return [intPt, intPt]
-         }
-         var closestPt = new Array(2).fill(null);
-         var minDistance = Double.MAX_VALUE;
-         var dist = null;
-         var close00 = this.closestPoint(line.p0);
-         minDistance = close00.distance(line.p0);
-         closestPt[0] = close00;
-         closestPt[1] = line.p0;
-         var close01 = this.closestPoint(line.p1);
-         dist = close01.distance(line.p1);
-         if (dist < minDistance) {
-           minDistance = dist;
-           closestPt[0] = close01;
-           closestPt[1] = line.p1;
-         }
-         var close10 = line.closestPoint(this.p0);
-         dist = close10.distance(this.p0);
-         if (dist < minDistance) {
-           minDistance = dist;
-           closestPt[0] = this.p0;
-           closestPt[1] = close10;
-         }
-         var close11 = line.closestPoint(this.p1);
-         dist = close11.distance(this.p1);
-         if (dist < minDistance) {
-           minDistance = dist;
-           closestPt[0] = this.p1;
-           closestPt[1] = close11;
-         }
-         return closestPt
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.closestPoint = function closestPoint (p) {
-         var factor = this.projectionFactor(p);
-         if (factor > 0 && factor < 1) {
-           return this.project(p)
-         }
-         var dist0 = this.p0.distance(p);
-         var dist1 = this.p1.distance(p);
-         if (dist0 < dist1) { return this.p0 }
-         return this.p1
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.maxX = function maxX () {
-         return Math.max(this.p0.x, this.p1.x)
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.getLength = function getLength () {
-         return this.p0.distance(this.p1)
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
-         var other = o;
-         var comp0 = this.p0.compareTo(other.p0);
-         if (comp0 !== 0) { return comp0 }
-         return this.p1.compareTo(other.p1)
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.reverse = function reverse () {
-         var temp = this.p0;
-         this.p0 = this.p1;
-         this.p1 = temp;
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.equalsTopo = function equalsTopo (other) {
-         return this.p0.equals(other.p0) &&
-               (this.p1.equals(other.p1) || this.p0.equals(other.p1)) &&
-                this.p1.equals(other.p0)
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.lineIntersection = function lineIntersection (line) {
-         try {
-           var intPt = HCoordinate.intersection(this.p0, this.p1, line.p0, line.p1);
-           return intPt
-         } catch (ex) {
-           if (ex instanceof NotRepresentableException) ; else { throw ex }
-         } finally {}
-         return null
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.maxY = function maxY () {
-         return Math.max(this.p0.y, this.p1.y)
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.pointAlongOffset = function pointAlongOffset (segmentLengthFraction, offsetDistance) {
-         var segx = this.p0.x + segmentLengthFraction * (this.p1.x - this.p0.x);
-         var segy = this.p0.y + segmentLengthFraction * (this.p1.y - this.p0.y);
-         var dx = this.p1.x - this.p0.x;
-         var dy = this.p1.y - this.p0.y;
-         var len = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
-         var ux = 0.0;
-         var uy = 0.0;
-         if (offsetDistance !== 0.0) {
-           if (len <= 0.0) { throw new Error('Cannot compute offset from zero-length line segment') }
-           ux = offsetDistance * dx / len;
-           uy = offsetDistance * dy / len;
-         }
-         var offsetx = segx - uy;
-         var offsety = segy + ux;
-         var coord = new Coordinate(offsetx, offsety);
-         return coord
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.setCoordinates = function setCoordinates () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var ls = arguments[0];
-           this.setCoordinates(ls.p0, ls.p1);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var p0 = arguments[0];
-           var p1 = arguments[1];
-           this.p0.x = p0.x;
-           this.p0.y = p0.y;
-           this.p1.x = p1.x;
-           this.p1.y = p1.y;
-         }
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.segmentFraction = function segmentFraction (inputPt) {
-         var segFrac = this.projectionFactor(inputPt);
-         if (segFrac < 0.0) { segFrac = 0.0; } else if (segFrac > 1.0 || Double.isNaN(segFrac)) { segFrac = 1.0; }
-         return segFrac
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         return 'LINESTRING( ' + this.p0.x + ' ' + this.p0.y + ', ' + this.p1.x + ' ' + this.p1.y + ')'
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.isHorizontal = function isHorizontal () {
-         return this.p0.y === this.p1.y
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.distance = function distance () {
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof LineSegment) {
-           var ls = arguments[0];
-           return CGAlgorithms.distanceLineLine(this.p0, this.p1, ls.p0, ls.p1)
-         } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
-           var p = arguments[0];
-           return CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(p, this.p0, this.p1)
-         }
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.pointAlong = function pointAlong (segmentLengthFraction) {
-         var coord = new Coordinate();
-         coord.x = this.p0.x + segmentLengthFraction * (this.p1.x - this.p0.x);
-         coord.y = this.p0.y + segmentLengthFraction * (this.p1.y - this.p0.y);
-         return coord
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.hashCode = function hashCode () {
-         var bits0 = Double.doubleToLongBits(this.p0.x);
-         bits0 ^= Double.doubleToLongBits(this.p0.y) * 31;
-         var hash0 = Math.trunc(bits0) ^ Math.trunc(bits0 >> 32);
-         var bits1 = Double.doubleToLongBits(this.p1.x);
-         bits1 ^= Double.doubleToLongBits(this.p1.y) * 31;
-         var hash1 = Math.trunc(bits1) ^ Math.trunc(bits1 >> 32);
-         return hash0 ^ hash1
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Comparable, Serializable]
-       };
-       LineSegment.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return LineSegment
-       };
-       LineSegment.midPoint = function midPoint (p0, p1) {
-         return new Coordinate((p0.x + p1.x) / 2, (p0.y + p1.y) / 2)
-       };
-       staticAccessors$24.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 3252005833466256227 };
+               /* enable/disable utf8 encoding */
+               sha512_k;
+               /* privileged (public) methods */
 
-       Object.defineProperties( LineSegment, staticAccessors$24 );
+               this.hex = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr(s));
+               };
 
-       var MonotoneChainOverlapAction = function MonotoneChainOverlapAction () {
-         this.tempEnv1 = new Envelope();
-         this.tempEnv2 = new Envelope();
-         this._overlapSeg1 = new LineSegment();
-         this._overlapSeg2 = new LineSegment();
-       };
-       MonotoneChainOverlapAction.prototype.overlap = function overlap () {
-         if (arguments.length === 2) ; else if (arguments.length === 4) {
-           var mc1 = arguments[0];
-           var start1 = arguments[1];
-           var mc2 = arguments[2];
-           var start2 = arguments[3];
-           mc1.getLineSegment(start1, this._overlapSeg1);
-           mc2.getLineSegment(start2, this._overlapSeg2);
-           this.overlap(this._overlapSeg1, this._overlapSeg2);
-         }
-       };
-       MonotoneChainOverlapAction.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       MonotoneChainOverlapAction.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return MonotoneChainOverlapAction
-       };
+               this.b64 = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
+               };
 
-       var MonotoneChain = function MonotoneChain () {
-         this._pts = null;
-         this._start = null;
-         this._end = null;
-         this._env = null;
-         this._context = null;
-         this._id = null;
-         var pts = arguments[0];
-         var start = arguments[1];
-         var end = arguments[2];
-         var context = arguments[3];
-         this._pts = pts;
-         this._start = start;
-         this._end = end;
-         this._context = context;
-       };
-       MonotoneChain.prototype.getLineSegment = function getLineSegment (index, ls) {
-         ls.p0 = this._pts[index];
-         ls.p1 = this._pts[index + 1];
-       };
-       MonotoneChain.prototype.computeSelect = function computeSelect (searchEnv, start0, end0, mcs) {
-         var p0 = this._pts[start0];
-         var p1 = this._pts[end0];
-         mcs.tempEnv1.init(p0, p1);
-         if (end0 - start0 === 1) {
-           mcs.select(this, start0);
-           return null
-         }
-         if (!searchEnv.intersects(mcs.tempEnv1)) { return null }
-         var mid = Math.trunc((start0 + end0) / 2);
-         if (start0 < mid) {
-           this.computeSelect(searchEnv, start0, mid, mcs);
-         }
-         if (mid < end0) {
-           this.computeSelect(searchEnv, mid, end0, mcs);
-         }
-       };
-       MonotoneChain.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               this.any = function (s, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
+               };
 
-         var coord = new Array(this._end - this._start + 1).fill(null);
-         var index = 0;
-         for (var i = this._start; i <= this._end; i++) {
-           coord[index++] = this$1._pts[i];
-         }
-         return coord
-       };
-       MonotoneChain.prototype.computeOverlaps = function computeOverlaps (mc, mco) {
-         this.computeOverlapsInternal(this._start, this._end, mc, mc._start, mc._end, mco);
-       };
-       MonotoneChain.prototype.setId = function setId (id) {
-         this._id = id;
-       };
-       MonotoneChain.prototype.select = function select (searchEnv, mcs) {
-         this.computeSelect(searchEnv, this._start, this._end, mcs);
-       };
-       MonotoneChain.prototype.getEnvelope = function getEnvelope () {
-         if (this._env === null) {
-           var p0 = this._pts[this._start];
-           var p1 = this._pts[this._end];
-           this._env = new Envelope(p0, p1);
-         }
-         return this._env
-       };
-       MonotoneChain.prototype.getEndIndex = function getEndIndex () {
-         return this._end
-       };
-       MonotoneChain.prototype.getStartIndex = function getStartIndex () {
-         return this._start
-       };
-       MonotoneChain.prototype.getContext = function getContext () {
-         return this._context
-       };
-       MonotoneChain.prototype.getId = function getId () {
-         return this._id
-       };
-       MonotoneChain.prototype.computeOverlapsInternal = function computeOverlapsInternal (start0, end0, mc, start1, end1, mco) {
-         var p00 = this._pts[start0];
-         var p01 = this._pts[end0];
-         var p10 = mc._pts[start1];
-         var p11 = mc._pts[end1];
-         if (end0 - start0 === 1 && end1 - start1 === 1) {
-           mco.overlap(this, start0, mc, start1);
-           return null
-         }
-         mco.tempEnv1.init(p00, p01);
-         mco.tempEnv2.init(p10, p11);
-         if (!mco.tempEnv1.intersects(mco.tempEnv2)) { return null }
-         var mid0 = Math.trunc((start0 + end0) / 2);
-         var mid1 = Math.trunc((start1 + end1) / 2);
-         if (start0 < mid0) {
-           if (start1 < mid1) { this.computeOverlapsInternal(start0, mid0, mc, start1, mid1, mco); }
-           if (mid1 < end1) { this.computeOverlapsInternal(start0, mid0, mc, mid1, end1, mco); }
-         }
-         if (mid0 < end0) {
-           if (start1 < mid1) { this.computeOverlapsInternal(mid0, end0, mc, start1, mid1, mco); }
-           if (mid1 < end1) { this.computeOverlapsInternal(mid0, end0, mc, mid1, end1, mco); }
-         }
-       };
-       MonotoneChain.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       MonotoneChain.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return MonotoneChain
-       };
+               this.raw = function (s) {
+                 return rstr(s);
+               };
 
-       var MonotoneChainBuilder = function MonotoneChainBuilder () {};
+               this.hex_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
+               };
 
-       MonotoneChainBuilder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       MonotoneChainBuilder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return MonotoneChainBuilder
-       };
-       MonotoneChainBuilder.getChainStartIndices = function getChainStartIndices (pts) {
-         var start = 0;
-         var startIndexList = new ArrayList();
-         startIndexList.add(new Integer(start));
-         do {
-           var last = MonotoneChainBuilder.findChainEnd(pts, start);
-           startIndexList.add(new Integer(last));
-           start = last;
-         } while (start < pts.length - 1)
-         var startIndex = MonotoneChainBuilder.toIntArray(startIndexList);
-         return startIndex
-       };
-       MonotoneChainBuilder.findChainEnd = function findChainEnd (pts, start) {
-         var safeStart = start;
-         while (safeStart < pts.length - 1 && pts[safeStart].equals2D(pts[safeStart + 1])) {
-           safeStart++;
-         }
-         if (safeStart >= pts.length - 1) {
-           return pts.length - 1
-         }
-         var chainQuad = Quadrant.quadrant(pts[safeStart], pts[safeStart + 1]);
-         var last = start + 1;
-         while (last < pts.length) {
-           if (!pts[last - 1].equals2D(pts[last])) {
-             var quad = Quadrant.quadrant(pts[last - 1], pts[last]);
-             if (quad !== chainQuad) { break }
-           }
-           last++;
-         }
-         return last - 1
-       };
-       MonotoneChainBuilder.getChains = function getChains () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var pts = arguments[0];
-           return MonotoneChainBuilder.getChains(pts, null)
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var pts$1 = arguments[0];
-           var context = arguments[1];
-           var mcList = new ArrayList();
-           var startIndex = MonotoneChainBuilder.getChainStartIndices(pts$1);
-           for (var i = 0; i < startIndex.length - 1; i++) {
-             var mc = new MonotoneChain(pts$1, startIndex[i], startIndex[i + 1], context);
-             mcList.add(mc);
-           }
-           return mcList
-         }
-       };
-       MonotoneChainBuilder.toIntArray = function toIntArray (list) {
-         var array = new Array(list.size()).fill(null);
-         for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
-           array[i] = list.get(i).intValue();
-         }
-         return array
-       };
+               this.b64_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
+               };
 
-       var Noder = function Noder () {};
+               this.any_hmac = function (k, d, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
+               };
+               /**
+                * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
+                * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
+                * @public
+                */
 
-       Noder.prototype.computeNodes = function computeNodes (segStrings) {};
-       Noder.prototype.getNodedSubstrings = function getNodedSubstrings () {};
-       Noder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       Noder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Noder
-       };
 
-       var SinglePassNoder = function SinglePassNoder () {
-         this._segInt = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 0) ; else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var segInt = arguments[0];
-           this.setSegmentIntersector(segInt);
-         }
-       };
-       SinglePassNoder.prototype.setSegmentIntersector = function setSegmentIntersector (segInt) {
-         this._segInt = segInt;
-       };
-       SinglePassNoder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Noder]
-       };
-       SinglePassNoder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return SinglePassNoder
-       };
+               this.vm_test = function () {
+                 return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
+                * @param {boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-       var MCIndexNoder = (function (SinglePassNoder$$1) {
-         function MCIndexNoder (si) {
-           if (si) { SinglePassNoder$$1.call(this, si); }
-           else { SinglePassNoder$$1.call(this); }
-           this._monoChains = new ArrayList();
-           this._index = new STRtree();
-           this._idCounter = 0;
-           this._nodedSegStrings = null;
-           this._nOverlaps = 0;
-         }
 
-         if ( SinglePassNoder$$1 ) MCIndexNoder.__proto__ = SinglePassNoder$$1;
-         MCIndexNoder.prototype = Object.create( SinglePassNoder$$1 && SinglePassNoder$$1.prototype );
-         MCIndexNoder.prototype.constructor = MCIndexNoder;
+               this.setUpperCase = function (a) {
 
-         var staticAccessors = { SegmentOverlapAction: { configurable: true } };
-         MCIndexNoder.prototype.getMonotoneChains = function getMonotoneChains () {
-           return this._monoChains
-         };
-         MCIndexNoder.prototype.getNodedSubstrings = function getNodedSubstrings () {
-           return NodedSegmentString.getNodedSubstrings(this._nodedSegStrings)
-         };
-         MCIndexNoder.prototype.getIndex = function getIndex () {
-           return this._index
-         };
-         MCIndexNoder.prototype.add = function add (segStr) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           var segChains = MonotoneChainBuilder.getChains(segStr.getCoordinates(), segStr);
-           for (var i = segChains.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var mc = i.next();
-             mc.setId(this$1._idCounter++);
-             this$1._index.insert(mc.getEnvelope(), mc);
-             this$1._monoChains.add(mc);
-           }
-         };
-         MCIndexNoder.prototype.computeNodes = function computeNodes (inputSegStrings) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           this._nodedSegStrings = inputSegStrings;
-           for (var i = inputSegStrings.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             this$1.add(i.next());
-           }
-           this.intersectChains();
-         };
-         MCIndexNoder.prototype.intersectChains = function intersectChains () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           var overlapAction = new SegmentOverlapAction(this._segInt);
-           for (var i = this._monoChains.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var queryChain = i.next();
-             var overlapChains = this$1._index.query(queryChain.getEnvelope());
-             for (var j = overlapChains.iterator(); j.hasNext();) {
-               var testChain = j.next();
-               if (testChain.getId() > queryChain.getId()) {
-                 queryChain.computeOverlaps(testChain, overlapAction);
-                 this$1._nOverlaps++;
-               }
-               if (this$1._segInt.isDone()) { return null }
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         MCIndexNoder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         MCIndexNoder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return MCIndexNoder
-         };
-         staticAccessors.SegmentOverlapAction.get = function () { return SegmentOverlapAction };
-
-         Object.defineProperties( MCIndexNoder, staticAccessors );
-
-         return MCIndexNoder;
-       }(SinglePassNoder));
-
-       var SegmentOverlapAction = (function (MonotoneChainOverlapAction$$1) {
-         function SegmentOverlapAction () {
-           MonotoneChainOverlapAction$$1.call(this);
-           this._si = null;
-           var si = arguments[0];
-           this._si = si;
-         }
-
-         if ( MonotoneChainOverlapAction$$1 ) SegmentOverlapAction.__proto__ = MonotoneChainOverlapAction$$1;
-         SegmentOverlapAction.prototype = Object.create( MonotoneChainOverlapAction$$1 && MonotoneChainOverlapAction$$1.prototype );
-         SegmentOverlapAction.prototype.constructor = SegmentOverlapAction;
-         SegmentOverlapAction.prototype.overlap = function overlap () {
-           if (arguments.length === 4) {
-             var mc1 = arguments[0];
-             var start1 = arguments[1];
-             var mc2 = arguments[2];
-             var start2 = arguments[3];
-             var ss1 = mc1.getContext();
-             var ss2 = mc2.getContext();
-             this._si.processIntersections(ss1, start1, ss2, start2);
-           } else { return MonotoneChainOverlapAction$$1.prototype.overlap.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         SegmentOverlapAction.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         SegmentOverlapAction.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return SegmentOverlapAction
-         };
-
-         return SegmentOverlapAction;
-       }(MonotoneChainOverlapAction));
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {string} Pad
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-       var BufferParameters = function BufferParameters () {
-         this._quadrantSegments = BufferParameters.DEFAULT_QUADRANT_SEGMENTS;
-         this._endCapStyle = BufferParameters.CAP_ROUND;
-         this._joinStyle = BufferParameters.JOIN_ROUND;
-         this._mitreLimit = BufferParameters.DEFAULT_MITRE_LIMIT;
-         this._isSingleSided = false;
-         this._simplifyFactor = BufferParameters.DEFAULT_SIMPLIFY_FACTOR;
 
-         if (arguments.length === 0) ; else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var quadrantSegments = arguments[0];
-           this.setQuadrantSegments(quadrantSegments);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var quadrantSegments$1 = arguments[0];
-           var endCapStyle = arguments[1];
-           this.setQuadrantSegments(quadrantSegments$1);
-           this.setEndCapStyle(endCapStyle);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
-           var quadrantSegments$2 = arguments[0];
-           var endCapStyle$1 = arguments[1];
-           var joinStyle = arguments[2];
-           var mitreLimit = arguments[3];
-           this.setQuadrantSegments(quadrantSegments$2);
-           this.setEndCapStyle(endCapStyle$1);
-           this.setJoinStyle(joinStyle);
-           this.setMitreLimit(mitreLimit);
-         }
-       };
+               this.setPad = function (a) {
+                 b64pad = a || b64pad;
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-       var staticAccessors$25 = { CAP_ROUND: { configurable: true },CAP_FLAT: { configurable: true },CAP_SQUARE: { configurable: true },JOIN_ROUND: { configurable: true },JOIN_MITRE: { configurable: true },JOIN_BEVEL: { configurable: true },DEFAULT_QUADRANT_SEGMENTS: { configurable: true },DEFAULT_MITRE_LIMIT: { configurable: true },DEFAULT_SIMPLIFY_FACTOR: { configurable: true } };
-       BufferParameters.prototype.getEndCapStyle = function getEndCapStyle () {
-         return this._endCapStyle
-       };
-       BufferParameters.prototype.isSingleSided = function isSingleSided () {
-         return this._isSingleSided
-       };
-       BufferParameters.prototype.setQuadrantSegments = function setQuadrantSegments (quadSegs) {
-         this._quadrantSegments = quadSegs;
-         if (this._quadrantSegments === 0) { this._joinStyle = BufferParameters.JOIN_BEVEL; }
-         if (this._quadrantSegments < 0) {
-           this._joinStyle = BufferParameters.JOIN_MITRE;
-           this._mitreLimit = Math.abs(this._quadrantSegments);
-         }
-         if (quadSegs <= 0) {
-           this._quadrantSegments = 1;
-         }
-         if (this._joinStyle !== BufferParameters.JOIN_ROUND) {
-           this._quadrantSegments = BufferParameters.DEFAULT_QUADRANT_SEGMENTS;
-         }
-       };
-       BufferParameters.prototype.getJoinStyle = function getJoinStyle () {
-         return this._joinStyle
-       };
-       BufferParameters.prototype.setJoinStyle = function setJoinStyle (joinStyle) {
-         this._joinStyle = joinStyle;
-       };
-       BufferParameters.prototype.setSimplifyFactor = function setSimplifyFactor (simplifyFactor) {
-         this._simplifyFactor = simplifyFactor < 0 ? 0 : simplifyFactor;
-       };
-       BufferParameters.prototype.getSimplifyFactor = function getSimplifyFactor () {
-         return this._simplifyFactor
-       };
-       BufferParameters.prototype.getQuadrantSegments = function getQuadrantSegments () {
-         return this._quadrantSegments
-       };
-       BufferParameters.prototype.setEndCapStyle = function setEndCapStyle (endCapStyle) {
-         this._endCapStyle = endCapStyle;
-       };
-       BufferParameters.prototype.getMitreLimit = function getMitreLimit () {
-         return this._mitreLimit
-       };
-       BufferParameters.prototype.setMitreLimit = function setMitreLimit (mitreLimit) {
-         this._mitreLimit = mitreLimit;
-       };
-       BufferParameters.prototype.setSingleSided = function setSingleSided (isSingleSided) {
-         this._isSingleSided = isSingleSided;
-       };
-       BufferParameters.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       BufferParameters.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return BufferParameters
-       };
-       BufferParameters.bufferDistanceError = function bufferDistanceError (quadSegs) {
-         var alpha = Math.PI / 2.0 / quadSegs;
-         return 1 - Math.cos(alpha / 2.0)
-       };
-       staticAccessors$25.CAP_ROUND.get = function () { return 1 };
-       staticAccessors$25.CAP_FLAT.get = function () { return 2 };
-       staticAccessors$25.CAP_SQUARE.get = function () { return 3 };
-       staticAccessors$25.JOIN_ROUND.get = function () { return 1 };
-       staticAccessors$25.JOIN_MITRE.get = function () { return 2 };
-       staticAccessors$25.JOIN_BEVEL.get = function () { return 3 };
-       staticAccessors$25.DEFAULT_QUADRANT_SEGMENTS.get = function () { return 8 };
-       staticAccessors$25.DEFAULT_MITRE_LIMIT.get = function () { return 5.0 };
-       staticAccessors$25.DEFAULT_SIMPLIFY_FACTOR.get = function () { return 0.01 };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( BufferParameters, staticAccessors$25 );
-
-       var BufferInputLineSimplifier = function BufferInputLineSimplifier (inputLine) {
-         this._distanceTol = null;
-         this._isDeleted = null;
-         this._angleOrientation = CGAlgorithms.COUNTERCLOCKWISE;
-         this._inputLine = inputLine || null;
-       };
 
-       var staticAccessors$26 = { INIT: { configurable: true },DELETE: { configurable: true },KEEP: { configurable: true },NUM_PTS_TO_CHECK: { configurable: true } };
-       BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.isDeletable = function isDeletable (i0, i1, i2, distanceTol) {
-         var p0 = this._inputLine[i0];
-         var p1 = this._inputLine[i1];
-         var p2 = this._inputLine[i2];
-         if (!this.isConcave(p0, p1, p2)) { return false }
-         if (!this.isShallow(p0, p1, p2, distanceTol)) { return false }
-         return this.isShallowSampled(p0, p1, i0, i2, distanceTol)
-       };
-       BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.deleteShallowConcavities = function deleteShallowConcavities () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               this.setUTF8 = function (a) {
+                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
+                   utf8 = a;
+                 }
 
-         var index = 1;
-         // const maxIndex = this._inputLine.length - 1
-         var midIndex = this.findNextNonDeletedIndex(index);
-         var lastIndex = this.findNextNonDeletedIndex(midIndex);
-         var isChanged = false;
-         while (lastIndex < this._inputLine.length) {
-           var isMiddleVertexDeleted = false;
-           if (this$1.isDeletable(index, midIndex, lastIndex, this$1._distanceTol)) {
-             this$1._isDeleted[midIndex] = BufferInputLineSimplifier.DELETE;
-             isMiddleVertexDeleted = true;
-             isChanged = true;
-           }
-           if (isMiddleVertexDeleted) { index = lastIndex; } else { index = midIndex; }
-           midIndex = this$1.findNextNonDeletedIndex(index);
-           lastIndex = this$1.findNextNonDeletedIndex(midIndex);
-         }
-         return isChanged
-       };
-       BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.isShallowConcavity = function isShallowConcavity (p0, p1, p2, distanceTol) {
-         var orientation = CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation(p0, p1, p2);
-         var isAngleToSimplify = orientation === this._angleOrientation;
-         if (!isAngleToSimplify) { return false }
-         var dist = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(p1, p0, p2);
-         return dist < distanceTol
-       };
-       BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.isShallowSampled = function isShallowSampled (p0, p2, i0, i2, distanceTol) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /* private methods */
 
-         var inc = Math.trunc((i2 - i0) / BufferInputLineSimplifier.NUM_PTS_TO_CHECK);
-         if (inc <= 0) { inc = 1; }
-         for (var i = i0; i < i2; i += inc) {
-           if (!this$1.isShallow(p0, p2, this$1._inputLine[i], distanceTol)) { return false }
-         }
-         return true
-       };
-       BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.isConcave = function isConcave (p0, p1, p2) {
-         var orientation = CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation(p0, p1, p2);
-         var isConcave = orientation === this._angleOrientation;
-         return isConcave
-       };
-       BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.simplify = function simplify (distanceTol) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               /**
+                * Calculate the SHA-512 of a raw string
+                */
 
-         this._distanceTol = Math.abs(distanceTol);
-         if (distanceTol < 0) { this._angleOrientation = CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE; }
-         this._isDeleted = new Array(this._inputLine.length).fill(null);
-         var isChanged = false;
-         do {
-           isChanged = this$1.deleteShallowConcavities();
-         } while (isChanged)
-         return this.collapseLine()
-       };
-       BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.findNextNonDeletedIndex = function findNextNonDeletedIndex (index) {
-         var next = index + 1;
-         while (next < this._inputLine.length && this._isDeleted[next] === BufferInputLineSimplifier.DELETE) { next++; }
-         return next
-       };
-       BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.isShallow = function isShallow (p0, p1, p2, distanceTol) {
-         var dist = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(p1, p0, p2);
-         return dist < distanceTol
-       };
-       BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.collapseLine = function collapseLine () {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         var coordList = new CoordinateList();
-         for (var i = 0; i < this._inputLine.length; i++) {
-           if (this$1._isDeleted[i] !== BufferInputLineSimplifier.DELETE) { coordList.add(this$1._inputLine[i]); }
-         }
-         return coordList.toCoordinateArray()
-       };
-       BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return BufferInputLineSimplifier
-       };
-       BufferInputLineSimplifier.simplify = function simplify (inputLine, distanceTol) {
-         var simp = new BufferInputLineSimplifier(inputLine);
-         return simp.simplify(distanceTol)
-       };
-       staticAccessors$26.INIT.get = function () { return 0 };
-       staticAccessors$26.DELETE.get = function () { return 1 };
-       staticAccessors$26.KEEP.get = function () { return 1 };
-       staticAccessors$26.NUM_PTS_TO_CHECK.get = function () { return 10 };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( BufferInputLineSimplifier, staticAccessors$26 );
-
-       var OffsetSegmentString = function OffsetSegmentString () {
-         this._ptList = null;
-         this._precisionModel = null;
-         this._minimimVertexDistance = 0.0;
-         this._ptList = new ArrayList();
-       };
+               function rstr(s) {
+                 s = utf8 ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
+                 return binb2rstr(binb(rstr2binb(s), s.length * 8));
+               }
+               /*
+                * Calculate the HMAC-SHA-512 of a key and some data (raw strings)
+                */
 
-       var staticAccessors$28 = { COORDINATE_ARRAY_TYPE: { configurable: true } };
-       OffsetSegmentString.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
-         var coord = this._ptList.toArray(OffsetSegmentString.COORDINATE_ARRAY_TYPE);
-         return coord
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentString.prototype.setPrecisionModel = function setPrecisionModel (precisionModel) {
-         this._precisionModel = precisionModel;
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentString.prototype.addPt = function addPt (pt) {
-         var bufPt = new Coordinate(pt);
-         this._precisionModel.makePrecise(bufPt);
-         if (this.isRedundant(bufPt)) { return null }
-         this._ptList.add(bufPt);
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentString.prototype.revere = function revere () {};
-       OffsetSegmentString.prototype.addPts = function addPts (pt, isForward) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         if (isForward) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < pt.length; i++) {
-             this$1.addPt(pt[i]);
-           }
-         } else {
-           for (var i$1 = pt.length - 1; i$1 >= 0; i$1--) {
-             this$1.addPt(pt[i$1]);
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentString.prototype.isRedundant = function isRedundant (pt) {
-         if (this._ptList.size() < 1) { return false }
-         var lastPt = this._ptList.get(this._ptList.size() - 1);
-         var ptDist = pt.distance(lastPt);
-         if (ptDist < this._minimimVertexDistance) { return true }
-         return false
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentString.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         var fact = new GeometryFactory();
-         var line = fact.createLineString(this.getCoordinates());
-         return line.toString()
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentString.prototype.closeRing = function closeRing () {
-         if (this._ptList.size() < 1) { return null }
-         var startPt = new Coordinate(this._ptList.get(0));
-         var lastPt = this._ptList.get(this._ptList.size() - 1);
-         // const last2Pt = null
-         // if (this._ptList.size() >= 2) last2Pt = this._ptList.get(this._ptList.size() - 2)
-         if (startPt.equals(lastPt)) { return null }
-         this._ptList.add(startPt);
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentString.prototype.setMinimumVertexDistance = function setMinimumVertexDistance (minimimVertexDistance) {
-         this._minimimVertexDistance = minimimVertexDistance;
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentString.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentString.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return OffsetSegmentString
-       };
-       staticAccessors$28.COORDINATE_ARRAY_TYPE.get = function () { return new Array(0).fill(null) };
+               function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
+                 key = utf8 ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
+                 data = utf8 ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
+                 var hash,
+                     i = 0,
+                     bkey = rstr2binb(key),
+                     ipad = Array(32),
+                     opad = Array(32);
 
-       Object.defineProperties( OffsetSegmentString, staticAccessors$28 );
+                 if (bkey.length > 32) {
+                   bkey = binb(bkey, key.length * 8);
+                 }
 
-       var Angle = function Angle () {};
+                 for (; i < 32; i += 1) {
+                   ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
+                   opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
+                 }
 
-       var staticAccessors$29 = { PI_TIMES_2: { configurable: true },PI_OVER_2: { configurable: true },PI_OVER_4: { configurable: true },COUNTERCLOCKWISE: { configurable: true },CLOCKWISE: { configurable: true },NONE: { configurable: true } };
+                 hash = binb(ipad.concat(rstr2binb(data)), 1024 + data.length * 8);
+                 return binb2rstr(binb(opad.concat(hash), 1024 + 512));
+               }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the SHA-512 of an array of big-endian dwords, and a bit length
+                */
+
+
+               function binb(x, len) {
+                 var j,
+                     i,
+                     l,
+                     W = new Array(80),
+                     hash = new Array(16),
+                     //Initial hash values
+                 H = [new int64(0x6a09e667, -205731576), new int64(-1150833019, -2067093701), new int64(0x3c6ef372, -23791573), new int64(-1521486534, 0x5f1d36f1), new int64(0x510e527f, -1377402159), new int64(-1694144372, 0x2b3e6c1f), new int64(0x1f83d9ab, -79577749), new int64(0x5be0cd19, 0x137e2179)],
+                     T1 = new int64(0, 0),
+                     T2 = new int64(0, 0),
+                     a = new int64(0, 0),
+                     b = new int64(0, 0),
+                     c = new int64(0, 0),
+                     d = new int64(0, 0),
+                     e = new int64(0, 0),
+                     f = new int64(0, 0),
+                     g = new int64(0, 0),
+                     h = new int64(0, 0),
+                     //Temporary variables not specified by the document
+                 s0 = new int64(0, 0),
+                     s1 = new int64(0, 0),
+                     Ch = new int64(0, 0),
+                     Maj = new int64(0, 0),
+                     r1 = new int64(0, 0),
+                     r2 = new int64(0, 0),
+                     r3 = new int64(0, 0);
+
+                 if (sha512_k === undefined) {
+                   //SHA512 constants
+                   sha512_k = [new int64(0x428a2f98, -685199838), new int64(0x71374491, 0x23ef65cd), new int64(-1245643825, -330482897), new int64(-373957723, -2121671748), new int64(0x3956c25b, -213338824), new int64(0x59f111f1, -1241133031), new int64(-1841331548, -1357295717), new int64(-1424204075, -630357736), new int64(-670586216, -1560083902), new int64(0x12835b01, 0x45706fbe), new int64(0x243185be, 0x4ee4b28c), new int64(0x550c7dc3, -704662302), new int64(0x72be5d74, -226784913), new int64(-2132889090, 0x3b1696b1), new int64(-1680079193, 0x25c71235), new int64(-1046744716, -815192428), new int64(-459576895, -1628353838), new int64(-272742522, 0x384f25e3), new int64(0xfc19dc6, -1953704523), new int64(0x240ca1cc, 0x77ac9c65), new int64(0x2de92c6f, 0x592b0275), new int64(0x4a7484aa, 0x6ea6e483), new int64(0x5cb0a9dc, -1119749164), new int64(0x76f988da, -2096016459), new int64(-1740746414, -295247957), new int64(-1473132947, 0x2db43210), new int64(-1341970488, -1728372417), new int64(-1084653625, -1091629340), new int64(-958395405, 0x3da88fc2), new int64(-710438585, -1828018395), new int64(0x6ca6351, -536640913), new int64(0x14292967, 0xa0e6e70), new int64(0x27b70a85, 0x46d22ffc), new int64(0x2e1b2138, 0x5c26c926), new int64(0x4d2c6dfc, 0x5ac42aed), new int64(0x53380d13, -1651133473), new int64(0x650a7354, -1951439906), new int64(0x766a0abb, 0x3c77b2a8), new int64(-2117940946, 0x47edaee6), new int64(-1838011259, 0x1482353b), new int64(-1564481375, 0x4cf10364), new int64(-1474664885, -1136513023), new int64(-1035236496, -789014639), new int64(-949202525, 0x654be30), new int64(-778901479, -688958952), new int64(-694614492, 0x5565a910), new int64(-200395387, 0x5771202a), new int64(0x106aa070, 0x32bbd1b8), new int64(0x19a4c116, -1194143544), new int64(0x1e376c08, 0x5141ab53), new int64(0x2748774c, -544281703), new int64(0x34b0bcb5, -509917016), new int64(0x391c0cb3, -976659869), new int64(0x4ed8aa4a, -482243893), new int64(0x5b9cca4f, 0x7763e373), new int64(0x682e6ff3, -692930397), new int64(0x748f82ee, 0x5defb2fc), new int64(0x78a5636f, 0x43172f60), new int64(-2067236844, -1578062990), new int64(-1933114872, 0x1a6439ec), new int64(-1866530822, 0x23631e28), new int64(-1538233109, -561857047), new int64(-1090935817, -1295615723), new int64(-965641998, -479046869), new int64(-903397682, -366583396), new int64(-779700025, 0x21c0c207), new int64(-354779690, -840897762), new int64(-176337025, -294727304), new int64(0x6f067aa, 0x72176fba), new int64(0xa637dc5, -1563912026), new int64(0x113f9804, -1090974290), new int64(0x1b710b35, 0x131c471b), new int64(0x28db77f5, 0x23047d84), new int64(0x32caab7b, 0x40c72493), new int64(0x3c9ebe0a, 0x15c9bebc), new int64(0x431d67c4, -1676669620), new int64(0x4cc5d4be, -885112138), new int64(0x597f299c, -60457430), new int64(0x5fcb6fab, 0x3ad6faec), new int64(0x6c44198c, 0x4a475817)];
+                 }
 
-       Angle.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       Angle.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Angle
-       };
-       Angle.toDegrees = function toDegrees (radians) {
-         return radians * 180 / Math.PI
-       };
-       Angle.normalize = function normalize (angle) {
-         while (angle > Math.PI) { angle -= Angle.PI_TIMES_2; }
-         while (angle <= -Math.PI) { angle += Angle.PI_TIMES_2; }
-         return angle
-       };
-       Angle.angle = function angle () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var p = arguments[0];
-           return Math.atan2(p.y, p.x)
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var p0 = arguments[0];
-           var p1 = arguments[1];
-           var dx = p1.x - p0.x;
-           var dy = p1.y - p0.y;
-           return Math.atan2(dy, dx)
-         }
-       };
-       Angle.isAcute = function isAcute (p0, p1, p2) {
-         var dx0 = p0.x - p1.x;
-         var dy0 = p0.y - p1.y;
-         var dx1 = p2.x - p1.x;
-         var dy1 = p2.y - p1.y;
-         var dotprod = dx0 * dx1 + dy0 * dy1;
-         return dotprod > 0
-       };
-       Angle.isObtuse = function isObtuse (p0, p1, p2) {
-         var dx0 = p0.x - p1.x;
-         var dy0 = p0.y - p1.y;
-         var dx1 = p2.x - p1.x;
-         var dy1 = p2.y - p1.y;
-         var dotprod = dx0 * dx1 + dy0 * dy1;
-         return dotprod < 0
-       };
-       Angle.interiorAngle = function interiorAngle (p0, p1, p2) {
-         var anglePrev = Angle.angle(p1, p0);
-         var angleNext = Angle.angle(p1, p2);
-         return Math.abs(angleNext - anglePrev)
-       };
-       Angle.normalizePositive = function normalizePositive (angle) {
-         if (angle < 0.0) {
-           while (angle < 0.0) { angle += Angle.PI_TIMES_2; }
-           if (angle >= Angle.PI_TIMES_2) { angle = 0.0; }
-         } else {
-           while (angle >= Angle.PI_TIMES_2) { angle -= Angle.PI_TIMES_2; }
-           if (angle < 0.0) { angle = 0.0; }
-         }
-         return angle
-       };
-       Angle.angleBetween = function angleBetween (tip1, tail, tip2) {
-         var a1 = Angle.angle(tail, tip1);
-         var a2 = Angle.angle(tail, tip2);
-         return Angle.diff(a1, a2)
-       };
-       Angle.diff = function diff (ang1, ang2) {
-         var delAngle = null;
-         if (ang1 < ang2) {
-           delAngle = ang2 - ang1;
-         } else {
-           delAngle = ang1 - ang2;
-         }
-         if (delAngle > Math.PI) {
-           delAngle = 2 * Math.PI - delAngle;
-         }
-         return delAngle
-       };
-       Angle.toRadians = function toRadians (angleDegrees) {
-         return angleDegrees * Math.PI / 180.0
-       };
-       Angle.getTurn = function getTurn (ang1, ang2) {
-         var crossproduct = Math.sin(ang2 - ang1);
-         if (crossproduct > 0) {
-           return Angle.COUNTERCLOCKWISE
-         }
-         if (crossproduct < 0) {
-           return Angle.CLOCKWISE
-         }
-         return Angle.NONE
-       };
-       Angle.angleBetweenOriented = function angleBetweenOriented (tip1, tail, tip2) {
-         var a1 = Angle.angle(tail, tip1);
-         var a2 = Angle.angle(tail, tip2);
-         var angDel = a2 - a1;
-         if (angDel <= -Math.PI) { return angDel + Angle.PI_TIMES_2 }
-         if (angDel > Math.PI) { return angDel - Angle.PI_TIMES_2 }
-         return angDel
-       };
-       staticAccessors$29.PI_TIMES_2.get = function () { return 2.0 * Math.PI };
-       staticAccessors$29.PI_OVER_2.get = function () { return Math.PI / 2.0 };
-       staticAccessors$29.PI_OVER_4.get = function () { return Math.PI / 4.0 };
-       staticAccessors$29.COUNTERCLOCKWISE.get = function () { return CGAlgorithms.COUNTERCLOCKWISE };
-       staticAccessors$29.CLOCKWISE.get = function () { return CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE };
-       staticAccessors$29.NONE.get = function () { return CGAlgorithms.COLLINEAR };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( Angle, staticAccessors$29 );
-
-       var OffsetSegmentGenerator = function OffsetSegmentGenerator () {
-         this._maxCurveSegmentError = 0.0;
-         this._filletAngleQuantum = null;
-         this._closingSegLengthFactor = 1;
-         this._segList = null;
-         this._distance = 0.0;
-         this._precisionModel = null;
-         this._bufParams = null;
-         this._li = null;
-         this._s0 = null;
-         this._s1 = null;
-         this._s2 = null;
-         this._seg0 = new LineSegment();
-         this._seg1 = new LineSegment();
-         this._offset0 = new LineSegment();
-         this._offset1 = new LineSegment();
-         this._side = 0;
-         this._hasNarrowConcaveAngle = false;
-         var precisionModel = arguments[0];
-         var bufParams = arguments[1];
-         var distance = arguments[2];
-         this._precisionModel = precisionModel;
-         this._bufParams = bufParams;
-         this._li = new RobustLineIntersector();
-         this._filletAngleQuantum = Math.PI / 2.0 / bufParams.getQuadrantSegments();
-         if (bufParams.getQuadrantSegments() >= 8 && bufParams.getJoinStyle() === BufferParameters.JOIN_ROUND) { this._closingSegLengthFactor = OffsetSegmentGenerator.MAX_CLOSING_SEG_LEN_FACTOR; }
-         this.init(distance);
-       };
+                 for (i = 0; i < 80; i += 1) {
+                   W[i] = new int64(0, 0);
+                 } // append padding to the source string. The format is described in the FIPS.
+
+
+                 x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << 24 - (len & 0x1f);
+                 x[(len + 128 >> 10 << 5) + 31] = len;
+                 l = x.length;
+
+                 for (i = 0; i < l; i += 32) {
+                   //32 dwords is the block size
+                   int64copy(a, H[0]);
+                   int64copy(b, H[1]);
+                   int64copy(c, H[2]);
+                   int64copy(d, H[3]);
+                   int64copy(e, H[4]);
+                   int64copy(f, H[5]);
+                   int64copy(g, H[6]);
+                   int64copy(h, H[7]);
+
+                   for (j = 0; j < 16; j += 1) {
+                     W[j].h = x[i + 2 * j];
+                     W[j].l = x[i + 2 * j + 1];
+                   }
+
+                   for (j = 16; j < 80; j += 1) {
+                     //sigma1
+                     int64rrot(r1, W[j - 2], 19);
+                     int64revrrot(r2, W[j - 2], 29);
+                     int64shr(r3, W[j - 2], 6);
+                     s1.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
+                     s1.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h; //sigma0
+
+                     int64rrot(r1, W[j - 15], 1);
+                     int64rrot(r2, W[j - 15], 8);
+                     int64shr(r3, W[j - 15], 7);
+                     s0.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
+                     s0.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h;
+                     int64add4(W[j], s1, W[j - 7], s0, W[j - 16]);
+                   }
+
+                   for (j = 0; j < 80; j += 1) {
+                     //Ch
+                     Ch.l = e.l & f.l ^ ~e.l & g.l;
+                     Ch.h = e.h & f.h ^ ~e.h & g.h; //Sigma1
+
+                     int64rrot(r1, e, 14);
+                     int64rrot(r2, e, 18);
+                     int64revrrot(r3, e, 9);
+                     s1.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
+                     s1.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h; //Sigma0
+
+                     int64rrot(r1, a, 28);
+                     int64revrrot(r2, a, 2);
+                     int64revrrot(r3, a, 7);
+                     s0.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
+                     s0.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h; //Maj
+
+                     Maj.l = a.l & b.l ^ a.l & c.l ^ b.l & c.l;
+                     Maj.h = a.h & b.h ^ a.h & c.h ^ b.h & c.h;
+                     int64add5(T1, h, s1, Ch, sha512_k[j], W[j]);
+                     int64add(T2, s0, Maj);
+                     int64copy(h, g);
+                     int64copy(g, f);
+                     int64copy(f, e);
+                     int64add(e, d, T1);
+                     int64copy(d, c);
+                     int64copy(c, b);
+                     int64copy(b, a);
+                     int64add(a, T1, T2);
+                   }
+
+                   int64add(H[0], H[0], a);
+                   int64add(H[1], H[1], b);
+                   int64add(H[2], H[2], c);
+                   int64add(H[3], H[3], d);
+                   int64add(H[4], H[4], e);
+                   int64add(H[5], H[5], f);
+                   int64add(H[6], H[6], g);
+                   int64add(H[7], H[7], h);
+                 } //represent the hash as an array of 32-bit dwords
+
+
+                 for (i = 0; i < 8; i += 1) {
+                   hash[2 * i] = H[i].h;
+                   hash[2 * i + 1] = H[i].l;
+                 }
 
-       var staticAccessors$27 = { OFFSET_SEGMENT_SEPARATION_FACTOR: { configurable: true },INSIDE_TURN_VERTEX_SNAP_DISTANCE_FACTOR: { configurable: true },CURVE_VERTEX_SNAP_DISTANCE_FACTOR: { configurable: true },MAX_CLOSING_SEG_LEN_FACTOR: { configurable: true } };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addNextSegment = function addNextSegment (p, addStartPoint) {
-         this._s0 = this._s1;
-         this._s1 = this._s2;
-         this._s2 = p;
-         this._seg0.setCoordinates(this._s0, this._s1);
-         this.computeOffsetSegment(this._seg0, this._side, this._distance, this._offset0);
-         this._seg1.setCoordinates(this._s1, this._s2);
-         this.computeOffsetSegment(this._seg1, this._side, this._distance, this._offset1);
-         if (this._s1.equals(this._s2)) { return null }
-         var orientation = CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation(this._s0, this._s1, this._s2);
-         var outsideTurn = (orientation === CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE && this._side === Position.LEFT) || (orientation === CGAlgorithms.COUNTERCLOCKWISE && this._side === Position.RIGHT);
-         if (orientation === 0) {
-           this.addCollinear(addStartPoint);
-         } else if (outsideTurn) {
-           this.addOutsideTurn(orientation, addStartPoint);
-         } else {
-           this.addInsideTurn(orientation, addStartPoint);
-         }
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addLineEndCap = function addLineEndCap (p0, p1) {
-         var seg = new LineSegment(p0, p1);
-         var offsetL = new LineSegment();
-         this.computeOffsetSegment(seg, Position.LEFT, this._distance, offsetL);
-         var offsetR = new LineSegment();
-         this.computeOffsetSegment(seg, Position.RIGHT, this._distance, offsetR);
-         var dx = p1.x - p0.x;
-         var dy = p1.y - p0.y;
-         var angle = Math.atan2(dy, dx);
-         switch (this._bufParams.getEndCapStyle()) {
-           case BufferParameters.CAP_ROUND:
-             this._segList.addPt(offsetL.p1);
-             this.addFilletArc(p1, angle + Math.PI / 2, angle - Math.PI / 2, CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE, this._distance);
-             this._segList.addPt(offsetR.p1);
-             break
-           case BufferParameters.CAP_FLAT:
-             this._segList.addPt(offsetL.p1);
-             this._segList.addPt(offsetR.p1);
-             break
-           case BufferParameters.CAP_SQUARE:
-             var squareCapSideOffset = new Coordinate();
-             squareCapSideOffset.x = Math.abs(this._distance) * Math.cos(angle);
-             squareCapSideOffset.y = Math.abs(this._distance) * Math.sin(angle);
-             var squareCapLOffset = new Coordinate(offsetL.p1.x + squareCapSideOffset.x, offsetL.p1.y + squareCapSideOffset.y);
-             var squareCapROffset = new Coordinate(offsetR.p1.x + squareCapSideOffset.x, offsetR.p1.y + squareCapSideOffset.y);
-             this._segList.addPt(squareCapLOffset);
-             this._segList.addPt(squareCapROffset);
-             break
-         }
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
-         var pts = this._segList.getCoordinates();
-         return pts
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addMitreJoin = function addMitreJoin (p, offset0, offset1, distance) {
-         var isMitreWithinLimit = true;
-         var intPt = null;
-         try {
-           intPt = HCoordinate.intersection(offset0.p0, offset0.p1, offset1.p0, offset1.p1);
-           var mitreRatio = distance <= 0.0 ? 1.0 : intPt.distance(p) / Math.abs(distance);
-           if (mitreRatio > this._bufParams.getMitreLimit()) { isMitreWithinLimit = false; }
-         } catch (ex) {
-           if (ex instanceof NotRepresentableException) {
-             intPt = new Coordinate(0, 0);
-             isMitreWithinLimit = false;
-           } else { throw ex }
-         } finally {}
-         if (isMitreWithinLimit) {
-           this._segList.addPt(intPt);
-         } else {
-           this.addLimitedMitreJoin(offset0, offset1, distance, this._bufParams.getMitreLimit());
-         }
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addFilletCorner = function addFilletCorner (p, p0, p1, direction, radius) {
-         var dx0 = p0.x - p.x;
-         var dy0 = p0.y - p.y;
-         var startAngle = Math.atan2(dy0, dx0);
-         var dx1 = p1.x - p.x;
-         var dy1 = p1.y - p.y;
-         var endAngle = Math.atan2(dy1, dx1);
-         if (direction === CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE) {
-           if (startAngle <= endAngle) { startAngle += 2.0 * Math.PI; }
-         } else {
-           if (startAngle >= endAngle) { startAngle -= 2.0 * Math.PI; }
-         }
-         this._segList.addPt(p0);
-         this.addFilletArc(p, startAngle, endAngle, direction, radius);
-         this._segList.addPt(p1);
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addOutsideTurn = function addOutsideTurn (orientation, addStartPoint) {
-         if (this._offset0.p1.distance(this._offset1.p0) < this._distance * OffsetSegmentGenerator.OFFSET_SEGMENT_SEPARATION_FACTOR) {
-           this._segList.addPt(this._offset0.p1);
-           return null
-         }
-         if (this._bufParams.getJoinStyle() === BufferParameters.JOIN_MITRE) {
-           this.addMitreJoin(this._s1, this._offset0, this._offset1, this._distance);
-         } else if (this._bufParams.getJoinStyle() === BufferParameters.JOIN_BEVEL) {
-           this.addBevelJoin(this._offset0, this._offset1);
-         } else {
-           if (addStartPoint) { this._segList.addPt(this._offset0.p1); }
-           this.addFilletCorner(this._s1, this._offset0.p1, this._offset1.p0, orientation, this._distance);
-           this._segList.addPt(this._offset1.p0);
-         }
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.createSquare = function createSquare (p) {
-         this._segList.addPt(new Coordinate(p.x + this._distance, p.y + this._distance));
-         this._segList.addPt(new Coordinate(p.x + this._distance, p.y - this._distance));
-         this._segList.addPt(new Coordinate(p.x - this._distance, p.y - this._distance));
-         this._segList.addPt(new Coordinate(p.x - this._distance, p.y + this._distance));
-         this._segList.closeRing();
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addSegments = function addSegments (pt, isForward) {
-         this._segList.addPts(pt, isForward);
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addFirstSegment = function addFirstSegment () {
-         this._segList.addPt(this._offset1.p0);
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addLastSegment = function addLastSegment () {
-         this._segList.addPt(this._offset1.p1);
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.initSideSegments = function initSideSegments (s1, s2, side) {
-         this._s1 = s1;
-         this._s2 = s2;
-         this._side = side;
-         this._seg1.setCoordinates(s1, s2);
-         this.computeOffsetSegment(this._seg1, side, this._distance, this._offset1);
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addLimitedMitreJoin = function addLimitedMitreJoin (offset0, offset1, distance, mitreLimit) {
-         var basePt = this._seg0.p1;
-         var ang0 = Angle.angle(basePt, this._seg0.p0);
-         // const ang1 = Angle.angle(basePt, this._seg1.p1)
-         var angDiff = Angle.angleBetweenOriented(this._seg0.p0, basePt, this._seg1.p1);
-         var angDiffHalf = angDiff / 2;
-         var midAng = Angle.normalize(ang0 + angDiffHalf);
-         var mitreMidAng = Angle.normalize(midAng + Math.PI);
-         var mitreDist = mitreLimit * distance;
-         var bevelDelta = mitreDist * Math.abs(Math.sin(angDiffHalf));
-         var bevelHalfLen = distance - bevelDelta;
-         var bevelMidX = basePt.x + mitreDist * Math.cos(mitreMidAng);
-         var bevelMidY = basePt.y + mitreDist * Math.sin(mitreMidAng);
-         var bevelMidPt = new Coordinate(bevelMidX, bevelMidY);
-         var mitreMidLine = new LineSegment(basePt, bevelMidPt);
-         var bevelEndLeft = mitreMidLine.pointAlongOffset(1.0, bevelHalfLen);
-         var bevelEndRight = mitreMidLine.pointAlongOffset(1.0, -bevelHalfLen);
-         if (this._side === Position.LEFT) {
-           this._segList.addPt(bevelEndLeft);
-           this._segList.addPt(bevelEndRight);
-         } else {
-           this._segList.addPt(bevelEndRight);
-           this._segList.addPt(bevelEndLeft);
-         }
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.computeOffsetSegment = function computeOffsetSegment (seg, side, distance, offset) {
-         var sideSign = side === Position.LEFT ? 1 : -1;
-         var dx = seg.p1.x - seg.p0.x;
-         var dy = seg.p1.y - seg.p0.y;
-         var len = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
-         var ux = sideSign * distance * dx / len;
-         var uy = sideSign * distance * dy / len;
-         offset.p0.x = seg.p0.x - uy;
-         offset.p0.y = seg.p0.y + ux;
-         offset.p1.x = seg.p1.x - uy;
-         offset.p1.y = seg.p1.y + ux;
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addFilletArc = function addFilletArc (p, startAngle, endAngle, direction, radius) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         var directionFactor = direction === CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE ? -1 : 1;
-         var totalAngle = Math.abs(startAngle - endAngle);
-         var nSegs = Math.trunc(totalAngle / this._filletAngleQuantum + 0.5);
-         if (nSegs < 1) { return null }
-         var initAngle = 0.0;
-         var currAngleInc = totalAngle / nSegs;
-         var currAngle = initAngle;
-         var pt = new Coordinate();
-         while (currAngle < totalAngle) {
-           var angle = startAngle + directionFactor * currAngle;
-           pt.x = p.x + radius * Math.cos(angle);
-           pt.y = p.y + radius * Math.sin(angle);
-           this$1._segList.addPt(pt);
-           currAngle += currAngleInc;
-         }
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addInsideTurn = function addInsideTurn (orientation, addStartPoint) {
-         this._li.computeIntersection(this._offset0.p0, this._offset0.p1, this._offset1.p0, this._offset1.p1);
-         if (this._li.hasIntersection()) {
-           this._segList.addPt(this._li.getIntersection(0));
-         } else {
-           this._hasNarrowConcaveAngle = true;
-           if (this._offset0.p1.distance(this._offset1.p0) < this._distance * OffsetSegmentGenerator.INSIDE_TURN_VERTEX_SNAP_DISTANCE_FACTOR) {
-             this._segList.addPt(this._offset0.p1);
-           } else {
-             this._segList.addPt(this._offset0.p1);
-             if (this._closingSegLengthFactor > 0) {
-               var mid0 = new Coordinate((this._closingSegLengthFactor * this._offset0.p1.x + this._s1.x) / (this._closingSegLengthFactor + 1), (this._closingSegLengthFactor * this._offset0.p1.y + this._s1.y) / (this._closingSegLengthFactor + 1));
-               this._segList.addPt(mid0);
-               var mid1 = new Coordinate((this._closingSegLengthFactor * this._offset1.p0.x + this._s1.x) / (this._closingSegLengthFactor + 1), (this._closingSegLengthFactor * this._offset1.p0.y + this._s1.y) / (this._closingSegLengthFactor + 1));
-               this._segList.addPt(mid1);
-             } else {
-               this._segList.addPt(this._s1);
-             }
-             this._segList.addPt(this._offset1.p0);
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.createCircle = function createCircle (p) {
-         var pt = new Coordinate(p.x + this._distance, p.y);
-         this._segList.addPt(pt);
-         this.addFilletArc(p, 0.0, 2.0 * Math.PI, -1, this._distance);
-         this._segList.closeRing();
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addBevelJoin = function addBevelJoin (offset0, offset1) {
-         this._segList.addPt(offset0.p1);
-         this._segList.addPt(offset1.p0);
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.init = function init (distance) {
-         this._distance = distance;
-         this._maxCurveSegmentError = distance * (1 - Math.cos(this._filletAngleQuantum / 2.0));
-         this._segList = new OffsetSegmentString();
-         this._segList.setPrecisionModel(this._precisionModel);
-         this._segList.setMinimumVertexDistance(distance * OffsetSegmentGenerator.CURVE_VERTEX_SNAP_DISTANCE_FACTOR);
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addCollinear = function addCollinear (addStartPoint) {
-         this._li.computeIntersection(this._s0, this._s1, this._s1, this._s2);
-         var numInt = this._li.getIntersectionNum();
-         if (numInt >= 2) {
-           if (this._bufParams.getJoinStyle() === BufferParameters.JOIN_BEVEL || this._bufParams.getJoinStyle() === BufferParameters.JOIN_MITRE) {
-             if (addStartPoint) { this._segList.addPt(this._offset0.p1); }
-             this._segList.addPt(this._offset1.p0);
-           } else {
-             this.addFilletCorner(this._s1, this._offset0.p1, this._offset1.p0, CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE, this._distance);
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.closeRing = function closeRing () {
-         this._segList.closeRing();
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.hasNarrowConcaveAngle = function hasNarrowConcaveAngle () {
-         return this._hasNarrowConcaveAngle
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return OffsetSegmentGenerator
-       };
-       staticAccessors$27.OFFSET_SEGMENT_SEPARATION_FACTOR.get = function () { return 1.0E-3 };
-       staticAccessors$27.INSIDE_TURN_VERTEX_SNAP_DISTANCE_FACTOR.get = function () { return 1.0E-3 };
-       staticAccessors$27.CURVE_VERTEX_SNAP_DISTANCE_FACTOR.get = function () { return 1.0E-6 };
-       staticAccessors$27.MAX_CLOSING_SEG_LEN_FACTOR.get = function () { return 80 };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( OffsetSegmentGenerator, staticAccessors$27 );
-
-       var OffsetCurveBuilder = function OffsetCurveBuilder () {
-         this._distance = 0.0;
-         this._precisionModel = null;
-         this._bufParams = null;
-         var precisionModel = arguments[0];
-         var bufParams = arguments[1];
-         this._precisionModel = precisionModel;
-         this._bufParams = bufParams;
-       };
-       OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.getOffsetCurve = function getOffsetCurve (inputPts, distance) {
-         this._distance = distance;
-         if (distance === 0.0) { return null }
-         var isRightSide = distance < 0.0;
-         var posDistance = Math.abs(distance);
-         var segGen = this.getSegGen(posDistance);
-         if (inputPts.length <= 1) {
-           this.computePointCurve(inputPts[0], segGen);
-         } else {
-           this.computeOffsetCurve(inputPts, isRightSide, segGen);
-         }
-         var curvePts = segGen.getCoordinates();
-         if (isRightSide) { CoordinateArrays.reverse(curvePts); }
-         return curvePts
-       };
-       OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.computeSingleSidedBufferCurve = function computeSingleSidedBufferCurve (inputPts, isRightSide, segGen) {
-         var distTol = this.simplifyTolerance(this._distance);
-         if (isRightSide) {
-           segGen.addSegments(inputPts, true);
-           var simp2 = BufferInputLineSimplifier.simplify(inputPts, -distTol);
-           var n2 = simp2.length - 1;
-           segGen.initSideSegments(simp2[n2], simp2[n2 - 1], Position.LEFT);
-           segGen.addFirstSegment();
-           for (var i = n2 - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
-             segGen.addNextSegment(simp2[i], true);
-           }
-         } else {
-           segGen.addSegments(inputPts, false);
-           var simp1 = BufferInputLineSimplifier.simplify(inputPts, distTol);
-           var n1 = simp1.length - 1;
-           segGen.initSideSegments(simp1[0], simp1[1], Position.LEFT);
-           segGen.addFirstSegment();
-           for (var i$1 = 2; i$1 <= n1; i$1++) {
-             segGen.addNextSegment(simp1[i$1], true);
-           }
-         }
-         segGen.addLastSegment();
-         segGen.closeRing();
-       };
-       OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.computeRingBufferCurve = function computeRingBufferCurve (inputPts, side, segGen) {
-         var distTol = this.simplifyTolerance(this._distance);
-         if (side === Position.RIGHT) { distTol = -distTol; }
-         var simp = BufferInputLineSimplifier.simplify(inputPts, distTol);
-         var n = simp.length - 1;
-         segGen.initSideSegments(simp[n - 1], simp[0], side);
-         for (var i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
-           var addStartPoint = i !== 1;
-           segGen.addNextSegment(simp[i], addStartPoint);
-         }
-         segGen.closeRing();
-       };
-       OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.computeLineBufferCurve = function computeLineBufferCurve (inputPts, segGen) {
-         var distTol = this.simplifyTolerance(this._distance);
-         var simp1 = BufferInputLineSimplifier.simplify(inputPts, distTol);
-         var n1 = simp1.length - 1;
-         segGen.initSideSegments(simp1[0], simp1[1], Position.LEFT);
-         for (var i = 2; i <= n1; i++) {
-           segGen.addNextSegment(simp1[i], true);
-         }
-         segGen.addLastSegment();
-         segGen.addLineEndCap(simp1[n1 - 1], simp1[n1]);
-         var simp2 = BufferInputLineSimplifier.simplify(inputPts, -distTol);
-         var n2 = simp2.length - 1;
-         segGen.initSideSegments(simp2[n2], simp2[n2 - 1], Position.LEFT);
-         for (var i$1 = n2 - 2; i$1 >= 0; i$1--) {
-           segGen.addNextSegment(simp2[i$1], true);
-         }
-         segGen.addLastSegment();
-         segGen.addLineEndCap(simp2[1], simp2[0]);
-         segGen.closeRing();
-       };
-       OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.computePointCurve = function computePointCurve (pt, segGen) {
-         switch (this._bufParams.getEndCapStyle()) {
-           case BufferParameters.CAP_ROUND:
-             segGen.createCircle(pt);
-             break
-           case BufferParameters.CAP_SQUARE:
-             segGen.createSquare(pt);
-             break
-         }
-       };
-       OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.getLineCurve = function getLineCurve (inputPts, distance) {
-         this._distance = distance;
-         if (distance < 0.0 && !this._bufParams.isSingleSided()) { return null }
-         if (distance === 0.0) { return null }
-         var posDistance = Math.abs(distance);
-         var segGen = this.getSegGen(posDistance);
-         if (inputPts.length <= 1) {
-           this.computePointCurve(inputPts[0], segGen);
-         } else {
-           if (this._bufParams.isSingleSided()) {
-             var isRightSide = distance < 0.0;
-             this.computeSingleSidedBufferCurve(inputPts, isRightSide, segGen);
-           } else { this.computeLineBufferCurve(inputPts, segGen); }
-         }
-         var lineCoord = segGen.getCoordinates();
-         return lineCoord
-       };
-       OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.getBufferParameters = function getBufferParameters () {
-         return this._bufParams
-       };
-       OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.simplifyTolerance = function simplifyTolerance (bufDistance) {
-         return bufDistance * this._bufParams.getSimplifyFactor()
-       };
-       OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.getRingCurve = function getRingCurve (inputPts, side, distance) {
-         this._distance = distance;
-         if (inputPts.length <= 2) { return this.getLineCurve(inputPts, distance) }
-         if (distance === 0.0) {
-           return OffsetCurveBuilder.copyCoordinates(inputPts)
-         }
-         var segGen = this.getSegGen(distance);
-         this.computeRingBufferCurve(inputPts, side, segGen);
-         return segGen.getCoordinates()
-       };
-       OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.computeOffsetCurve = function computeOffsetCurve (inputPts, isRightSide, segGen) {
-         var distTol = this.simplifyTolerance(this._distance);
-         if (isRightSide) {
-           var simp2 = BufferInputLineSimplifier.simplify(inputPts, -distTol);
-           var n2 = simp2.length - 1;
-           segGen.initSideSegments(simp2[n2], simp2[n2 - 1], Position.LEFT);
-           segGen.addFirstSegment();
-           for (var i = n2 - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
-             segGen.addNextSegment(simp2[i], true);
-           }
-         } else {
-           var simp1 = BufferInputLineSimplifier.simplify(inputPts, distTol);
-           var n1 = simp1.length - 1;
-           segGen.initSideSegments(simp1[0], simp1[1], Position.LEFT);
-           segGen.addFirstSegment();
-           for (var i$1 = 2; i$1 <= n1; i$1++) {
-             segGen.addNextSegment(simp1[i$1], true);
-           }
-         }
-         segGen.addLastSegment();
-       };
-       OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.getSegGen = function getSegGen (distance) {
-         return new OffsetSegmentGenerator(this._precisionModel, this._bufParams, distance)
-       };
-       OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return OffsetCurveBuilder
-       };
-       OffsetCurveBuilder.copyCoordinates = function copyCoordinates (pts) {
-         var copy = new Array(pts.length).fill(null);
-         for (var i = 0; i < copy.length; i++) {
-           copy[i] = new Coordinate(pts[i]);
-         }
-         return copy
-       };
+                 return hash;
+               } //A constructor for 64-bit numbers
 
-       var SubgraphDepthLocater = function SubgraphDepthLocater () {
-         this._subgraphs = null;
-         this._seg = new LineSegment();
-         this._cga = new CGAlgorithms();
-         var subgraphs = arguments[0];
-         this._subgraphs = subgraphs;
-       };
 
-       var staticAccessors$30 = { DepthSegment: { configurable: true } };
-       SubgraphDepthLocater.prototype.findStabbedSegments = function findStabbedSegments () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               function int64(h, l) {
+                 this.h = h;
+                 this.l = l; //this.toString = int64toString;
+               } //Copies src into dst, assuming both are 64-bit numbers
 
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var stabbingRayLeftPt = arguments[0];
-           var stabbedSegments = new ArrayList();
-           for (var i = this._subgraphs.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var bsg = i.next();
-             var env = bsg.getEnvelope();
-             if (stabbingRayLeftPt.y < env.getMinY() || stabbingRayLeftPt.y > env.getMaxY()) { continue }
-             this$1.findStabbedSegments(stabbingRayLeftPt, bsg.getDirectedEdges(), stabbedSegments);
-           }
-           return stabbedSegments
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           if (hasInterface(arguments[2], List) && (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && arguments[1] instanceof DirectedEdge)) {
-             var stabbingRayLeftPt$1 = arguments[0];
-             var dirEdge = arguments[1];
-             var stabbedSegments$1 = arguments[2];
-             var pts = dirEdge.getEdge().getCoordinates();
-             for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < pts.length - 1; i$1++) {
-               this$1._seg.p0 = pts[i$1];
-               this$1._seg.p1 = pts[i$1 + 1];
-               if (this$1._seg.p0.y > this$1._seg.p1.y) { this$1._seg.reverse(); }
-               var maxx = Math.max(this$1._seg.p0.x, this$1._seg.p1.x);
-               if (maxx < stabbingRayLeftPt$1.x) { continue }
-               if (this$1._seg.isHorizontal()) { continue }
-               if (stabbingRayLeftPt$1.y < this$1._seg.p0.y || stabbingRayLeftPt$1.y > this$1._seg.p1.y) { continue }
-               if (CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation(this$1._seg.p0, this$1._seg.p1, stabbingRayLeftPt$1) === CGAlgorithms.RIGHT) { continue }
-               var depth = dirEdge.getDepth(Position.LEFT);
-               if (!this$1._seg.p0.equals(pts[i$1])) { depth = dirEdge.getDepth(Position.RIGHT); }
-               var ds = new DepthSegment(this$1._seg, depth);
-               stabbedSegments$1.add(ds);
-             }
-           } else if (hasInterface(arguments[2], List) && (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && hasInterface(arguments[1], List))) {
-             var stabbingRayLeftPt$2 = arguments[0];
-             var dirEdges = arguments[1];
-             var stabbedSegments$2 = arguments[2];
-             for (var i$2 = dirEdges.iterator(); i$2.hasNext();) {
-               var de = i$2.next();
-               if (!de.isForward()) { continue }
-               this$1.findStabbedSegments(stabbingRayLeftPt$2, de, stabbedSegments$2);
-             }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       SubgraphDepthLocater.prototype.getDepth = function getDepth (p) {
-         var stabbedSegments = this.findStabbedSegments(p);
-         if (stabbedSegments.size() === 0) { return 0 }
-         var ds = Collections.min(stabbedSegments);
-         return ds._leftDepth
-       };
-       SubgraphDepthLocater.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       SubgraphDepthLocater.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return SubgraphDepthLocater
-       };
-       staticAccessors$30.DepthSegment.get = function () { return DepthSegment };
 
-       Object.defineProperties( SubgraphDepthLocater, staticAccessors$30 );
+               function int64copy(dst, src) {
+                 dst.h = src.h;
+                 dst.l = src.l;
+               } //Right-rotates a 64-bit number by shift
+               //Won't handle cases of shift>=32
+               //The function revrrot() is for that
 
-       var DepthSegment = function DepthSegment () {
-         this._upwardSeg = null;
-         this._leftDepth = null;
-         var seg = arguments[0];
-         var depth = arguments[1];
-         this._upwardSeg = new LineSegment(seg);
-         this._leftDepth = depth;
-       };
-       DepthSegment.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (obj) {
-         var other = obj;
-         if (this._upwardSeg.minX() >= other._upwardSeg.maxX()) { return 1 }
-         if (this._upwardSeg.maxX() <= other._upwardSeg.minX()) { return -1 }
-         var orientIndex = this._upwardSeg.orientationIndex(other._upwardSeg);
-         if (orientIndex !== 0) { return orientIndex }
-         orientIndex = -1 * other._upwardSeg.orientationIndex(this._upwardSeg);
-         if (orientIndex !== 0) { return orientIndex }
-         return this._upwardSeg.compareTo(other._upwardSeg)
-       };
-       DepthSegment.prototype.compareX = function compareX (seg0, seg1) {
-         var compare0 = seg0.p0.compareTo(seg1.p0);
-         if (compare0 !== 0) { return compare0 }
-         return seg0.p1.compareTo(seg1.p1)
-       };
-       DepthSegment.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         return this._upwardSeg.toString()
-       };
-       DepthSegment.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Comparable]
-       };
-       DepthSegment.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return DepthSegment
-       };
 
-       var Triangle = function Triangle (p0, p1, p2) {
-         this.p0 = p0 || null;
-         this.p1 = p1 || null;
-         this.p2 = p2 || null;
-       };
-       Triangle.prototype.area = function area () {
-         return Triangle.area(this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
-       };
-       Triangle.prototype.signedArea = function signedArea () {
-         return Triangle.signedArea(this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
-       };
-       Triangle.prototype.interpolateZ = function interpolateZ (p) {
-         if (p === null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Supplied point is null.') }
-         return Triangle.interpolateZ(p, this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
-       };
-       Triangle.prototype.longestSideLength = function longestSideLength () {
-         return Triangle.longestSideLength(this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
-       };
-       Triangle.prototype.isAcute = function isAcute () {
-         return Triangle.isAcute(this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
-       };
-       Triangle.prototype.circumcentre = function circumcentre () {
-         return Triangle.circumcentre(this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
-       };
-       Triangle.prototype.area3D = function area3D () {
-         return Triangle.area3D(this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
-       };
-       Triangle.prototype.centroid = function centroid () {
-         return Triangle.centroid(this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
-       };
-       Triangle.prototype.inCentre = function inCentre () {
-         return Triangle.inCentre(this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
-       };
-       Triangle.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       Triangle.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Triangle
-       };
-       Triangle.area = function area (a, b, c) {
-         return Math.abs(((c.x - a.x) * (b.y - a.y) - (b.x - a.x) * (c.y - a.y)) / 2)
-       };
-       Triangle.signedArea = function signedArea (a, b, c) {
-         return ((c.x - a.x) * (b.y - a.y) - (b.x - a.x) * (c.y - a.y)) / 2
-       };
-       Triangle.det = function det (m00, m01, m10, m11) {
-         return m00 * m11 - m01 * m10
-       };
-       Triangle.interpolateZ = function interpolateZ (p, v0, v1, v2) {
-         var x0 = v0.x;
-         var y0 = v0.y;
-         var a = v1.x - x0;
-         var b = v2.x - x0;
-         var c = v1.y - y0;
-         var d = v2.y - y0;
-         var det = a * d - b * c;
-         var dx = p.x - x0;
-         var dy = p.y - y0;
-         var t = (d * dx - b * dy) / det;
-         var u = (-c * dx + a * dy) / det;
-         var z = v0.z + t * (v1.z - v0.z) + u * (v2.z - v0.z);
-         return z
-       };
-       Triangle.longestSideLength = function longestSideLength (a, b, c) {
-         var lenAB = a.distance(b);
-         var lenBC = b.distance(c);
-         var lenCA = c.distance(a);
-         var maxLen = lenAB;
-         if (lenBC > maxLen) { maxLen = lenBC; }
-         if (lenCA > maxLen) { maxLen = lenCA; }
-         return maxLen
-       };
-       Triangle.isAcute = function isAcute (a, b, c) {
-         if (!Angle.isAcute(a, b, c)) { return false }
-         if (!Angle.isAcute(b, c, a)) { return false }
-         if (!Angle.isAcute(c, a, b)) { return false }
-         return true
-       };
-       Triangle.circumcentre = function circumcentre (a, b, c) {
-         var cx = c.x;
-         var cy = c.y;
-         var ax = a.x - cx;
-         var ay = a.y - cy;
-         var bx = b.x - cx;
-         var by = b.y - cy;
-         var denom = 2 * Triangle.det(ax, ay, bx, by);
-         var numx = Triangle.det(ay, ax * ax + ay * ay, by, bx * bx + by * by);
-         var numy = Triangle.det(ax, ax * ax + ay * ay, bx, bx * bx + by * by);
-         var ccx = cx - numx / denom;
-         var ccy = cy + numy / denom;
-         return new Coordinate(ccx, ccy)
-       };
-       Triangle.perpendicularBisector = function perpendicularBisector (a, b) {
-         var dx = b.x - a.x;
-         var dy = b.y - a.y;
-         var l1 = new HCoordinate(a.x + dx / 2.0, a.y + dy / 2.0, 1.0);
-         var l2 = new HCoordinate(a.x - dy + dx / 2.0, a.y + dx + dy / 2.0, 1.0);
-         return new HCoordinate(l1, l2)
-       };
-       Triangle.angleBisector = function angleBisector (a, b, c) {
-         var len0 = b.distance(a);
-         var len2 = b.distance(c);
-         var frac = len0 / (len0 + len2);
-         var dx = c.x - a.x;
-         var dy = c.y - a.y;
-         var splitPt = new Coordinate(a.x + frac * dx, a.y + frac * dy);
-         return splitPt
-       };
-       Triangle.area3D = function area3D (a, b, c) {
-         var ux = b.x - a.x;
-         var uy = b.y - a.y;
-         var uz = b.z - a.z;
-         var vx = c.x - a.x;
-         var vy = c.y - a.y;
-         var vz = c.z - a.z;
-         var crossx = uy * vz - uz * vy;
-         var crossy = uz * vx - ux * vz;
-         var crossz = ux * vy - uy * vx;
-         var absSq = crossx * crossx + crossy * crossy + crossz * crossz;
-         var area3D = Math.sqrt(absSq) / 2;
-         return area3D
-       };
-       Triangle.centroid = function centroid (a, b, c) {
-         var x = (a.x + b.x + c.x) / 3;
-         var y = (a.y + b.y + c.y) / 3;
-         return new Coordinate(x, y)
-       };
-       Triangle.inCentre = function inCentre (a, b, c) {
-         var len0 = b.distance(c);
-         var len1 = a.distance(c);
-         var len2 = a.distance(b);
-         var circum = len0 + len1 + len2;
-         var inCentreX = (len0 * a.x + len1 * b.x + len2 * c.x) / circum;
-         var inCentreY = (len0 * a.y + len1 * b.y + len2 * c.y) / circum;
-         return new Coordinate(inCentreX, inCentreY)
-       };
+               function int64rrot(dst, x, shift) {
+                 dst.l = x.l >>> shift | x.h << 32 - shift;
+                 dst.h = x.h >>> shift | x.l << 32 - shift;
+               } //Reverses the dwords of the source and then rotates right by shift.
+               //This is equivalent to rotation by 32+shift
 
-       var OffsetCurveSetBuilder = function OffsetCurveSetBuilder () {
-         this._inputGeom = null;
-         this._distance = null;
-         this._curveBuilder = null;
-         this._curveList = new ArrayList();
-         var inputGeom = arguments[0];
-         var distance = arguments[1];
-         var curveBuilder = arguments[2];
-         this._inputGeom = inputGeom;
-         this._distance = distance;
-         this._curveBuilder = curveBuilder;
-       };
-       OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.addPoint = function addPoint (p) {
-         if (this._distance <= 0.0) { return null }
-         var coord = p.getCoordinates();
-         var curve = this._curveBuilder.getLineCurve(coord, this._distance);
-         this.addCurve(curve, Location.EXTERIOR, Location.INTERIOR);
-       };
-       OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.addPolygon = function addPolygon (p) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         var offsetDistance = this._distance;
-         var offsetSide = Position.LEFT;
-         if (this._distance < 0.0) {
-           offsetDistance = -this._distance;
-           offsetSide = Position.RIGHT;
-         }
-         var shell = p.getExteriorRing();
-         var shellCoord = CoordinateArrays.removeRepeatedPoints(shell.getCoordinates());
-         if (this._distance < 0.0 && this.isErodedCompletely(shell, this._distance)) { return null }
-         if (this._distance <= 0.0 && shellCoord.length < 3) { return null }
-         this.addPolygonRing(shellCoord, offsetDistance, offsetSide, Location.EXTERIOR, Location.INTERIOR);
-         for (var i = 0; i < p.getNumInteriorRing(); i++) {
-           var hole = p.getInteriorRingN(i);
-           var holeCoord = CoordinateArrays.removeRepeatedPoints(hole.getCoordinates());
-           if (this$1._distance > 0.0 && this$1.isErodedCompletely(hole, -this$1._distance)) { continue }
-           this$1.addPolygonRing(holeCoord, offsetDistance, Position.opposite(offsetSide), Location.INTERIOR, Location.EXTERIOR);
-         }
-       };
-       OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.isTriangleErodedCompletely = function isTriangleErodedCompletely (triangleCoord, bufferDistance) {
-         var tri = new Triangle(triangleCoord[0], triangleCoord[1], triangleCoord[2]);
-         var inCentre = tri.inCentre();
-         var distToCentre = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(inCentre, tri.p0, tri.p1);
-         return distToCentre < Math.abs(bufferDistance)
-       };
-       OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.addLineString = function addLineString (line) {
-         if (this._distance <= 0.0 && !this._curveBuilder.getBufferParameters().isSingleSided()) { return null }
-         var coord = CoordinateArrays.removeRepeatedPoints(line.getCoordinates());
-         var curve = this._curveBuilder.getLineCurve(coord, this._distance);
-         this.addCurve(curve, Location.EXTERIOR, Location.INTERIOR);
-       };
-       OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.addCurve = function addCurve (coord, leftLoc, rightLoc) {
-         if (coord === null || coord.length < 2) { return null }
-         var e = new NodedSegmentString(coord, new Label(0, Location.BOUNDARY, leftLoc, rightLoc));
-         this._curveList.add(e);
-       };
-       OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.getCurves = function getCurves () {
-         this.add(this._inputGeom);
-         return this._curveList
-       };
-       OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.addPolygonRing = function addPolygonRing (coord, offsetDistance, side, cwLeftLoc, cwRightLoc) {
-         if (offsetDistance === 0.0 && coord.length < LinearRing.MINIMUM_VALID_SIZE) { return null }
-         var leftLoc = cwLeftLoc;
-         var rightLoc = cwRightLoc;
-         if (coord.length >= LinearRing.MINIMUM_VALID_SIZE && CGAlgorithms.isCCW(coord)) {
-           leftLoc = cwRightLoc;
-           rightLoc = cwLeftLoc;
-           side = Position.opposite(side);
-         }
-         var curve = this._curveBuilder.getRingCurve(coord, side, offsetDistance);
-         this.addCurve(curve, leftLoc, rightLoc);
-       };
-       OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.add = function add (g) {
-         if (g.isEmpty()) { return null }
-         if (g instanceof Polygon) { this.addPolygon(g); }
-         else if (g instanceof LineString) { this.addLineString(g); }
-         else if (g instanceof Point$1) { this.addPoint(g); }
-         else if (g instanceof MultiPoint) { this.addCollection(g); }
-         else if (g instanceof MultiLineString) { this.addCollection(g); }
-         else if (g instanceof MultiPolygon) { this.addCollection(g); }
-         else if (g instanceof GeometryCollection) { this.addCollection(g); }
-         // else throw new UnsupportedOperationException(g.getClass().getName())
-       };
-       OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.isErodedCompletely = function isErodedCompletely (ring, bufferDistance) {
-         var ringCoord = ring.getCoordinates();
-         // const minDiam = 0.0
-         if (ringCoord.length < 4) { return bufferDistance < 0 }
-         if (ringCoord.length === 4) { return this.isTriangleErodedCompletely(ringCoord, bufferDistance) }
-         var env = ring.getEnvelopeInternal();
-         var envMinDimension = Math.min(env.getHeight(), env.getWidth());
-         if (bufferDistance < 0.0 && 2 * Math.abs(bufferDistance) > envMinDimension) { return true }
-         return false
-       };
-       OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.addCollection = function addCollection (gc) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < gc.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
-           var g = gc.getGeometryN(i);
-           this$1.add(g);
-         }
-       };
-       OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return OffsetCurveSetBuilder
-       };
+               function int64revrrot(dst, x, shift) {
+                 dst.l = x.h >>> shift | x.l << 32 - shift;
+                 dst.h = x.l >>> shift | x.h << 32 - shift;
+               } //Bitwise-shifts right a 64-bit number by shift
+               //Won't handle shift>=32, but it's never needed in SHA512
 
-       var PointOnGeometryLocator = function PointOnGeometryLocator () {};
 
-       PointOnGeometryLocator.prototype.locate = function locate (p) {};
-       PointOnGeometryLocator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       PointOnGeometryLocator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return PointOnGeometryLocator
-       };
+               function int64shr(dst, x, shift) {
+                 dst.l = x.l >>> shift | x.h << 32 - shift;
+                 dst.h = x.h >>> shift;
+               } //Adds two 64-bit numbers
+               //Like the original implementation, does not rely on 32-bit operations
 
-       var GeometryCollectionIterator = function GeometryCollectionIterator () {
-         this._parent = null;
-         this._atStart = null;
-         this._max = null;
-         this._index = null;
-         this._subcollectionIterator = null;
-         var parent = arguments[0];
-         this._parent = parent;
-         this._atStart = true;
-         this._index = 0;
-         this._max = parent.getNumGeometries();
-       };
-       GeometryCollectionIterator.prototype.next = function next () {
-         if (this._atStart) {
-           this._atStart = false;
-           if (GeometryCollectionIterator.isAtomic(this._parent)) { this._index++; }
-           return this._parent
-         }
-         if (this._subcollectionIterator !== null) {
-           if (this._subcollectionIterator.hasNext()) {
-             return this._subcollectionIterator.next()
-           } else {
-             this._subcollectionIterator = null;
-           }
-         }
-         if (this._index >= this._max) {
-           throw new NoSuchElementException()
-         }
-         var obj = this._parent.getGeometryN(this._index++);
-         if (obj instanceof GeometryCollection) {
-           this._subcollectionIterator = new GeometryCollectionIterator(obj);
-           return this._subcollectionIterator.next()
-         }
-         return obj
-       };
-       GeometryCollectionIterator.prototype.remove = function remove () {
-         throw new Error(this.getClass().getName())
-       };
-       GeometryCollectionIterator.prototype.hasNext = function hasNext () {
-         if (this._atStart) {
-           return true
-         }
-         if (this._subcollectionIterator !== null) {
-           if (this._subcollectionIterator.hasNext()) {
-             return true
-           }
-           this._subcollectionIterator = null;
-         }
-         if (this._index >= this._max) {
-           return false
-         }
-         return true
-       };
-       GeometryCollectionIterator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Iterator$1]
-       };
-       GeometryCollectionIterator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return GeometryCollectionIterator
-       };
-       GeometryCollectionIterator.isAtomic = function isAtomic (geom) {
-         return !(geom instanceof GeometryCollection)
-       };
 
-       var SimplePointInAreaLocator = function SimplePointInAreaLocator () {
-         this._geom = null;
-         var geom = arguments[0];
-         this._geom = geom;
-       };
-       SimplePointInAreaLocator.prototype.locate = function locate (p) {
-         return SimplePointInAreaLocator.locate(p, this._geom)
-       };
-       SimplePointInAreaLocator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [PointOnGeometryLocator]
-       };
-       SimplePointInAreaLocator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return SimplePointInAreaLocator
-       };
-       SimplePointInAreaLocator.isPointInRing = function isPointInRing (p, ring) {
-         if (!ring.getEnvelopeInternal().intersects(p)) { return false }
-         return CGAlgorithms.isPointInRing(p, ring.getCoordinates())
-       };
-       SimplePointInAreaLocator.containsPointInPolygon = function containsPointInPolygon (p, poly) {
-         if (poly.isEmpty()) { return false }
-         var shell = poly.getExteriorRing();
-         if (!SimplePointInAreaLocator.isPointInRing(p, shell)) { return false }
-         for (var i = 0; i < poly.getNumInteriorRing(); i++) {
-           var hole = poly.getInteriorRingN(i);
-           if (SimplePointInAreaLocator.isPointInRing(p, hole)) { return false }
-         }
-         return true
-       };
-       SimplePointInAreaLocator.containsPoint = function containsPoint (p, geom) {
-         if (geom instanceof Polygon) {
-           return SimplePointInAreaLocator.containsPointInPolygon(p, geom)
-         } else if (geom instanceof GeometryCollection) {
-           var geomi = new GeometryCollectionIterator(geom);
-           while (geomi.hasNext()) {
-             var g2 = geomi.next();
-             if (g2 !== geom) { if (SimplePointInAreaLocator.containsPoint(p, g2)) { return true } }
-           }
-         }
-         return false
-       };
-       SimplePointInAreaLocator.locate = function locate (p, geom) {
-         if (geom.isEmpty()) { return Location.EXTERIOR }
-         if (SimplePointInAreaLocator.containsPoint(p, geom)) { return Location.INTERIOR }
-         return Location.EXTERIOR
-       };
+               function int64add(dst, x, y) {
+                 var w0 = (x.l & 0xffff) + (y.l & 0xffff);
+                 var w1 = (x.l >>> 16) + (y.l >>> 16) + (w0 >>> 16);
+                 var w2 = (x.h & 0xffff) + (y.h & 0xffff) + (w1 >>> 16);
+                 var w3 = (x.h >>> 16) + (y.h >>> 16) + (w2 >>> 16);
+                 dst.l = w0 & 0xffff | w1 << 16;
+                 dst.h = w2 & 0xffff | w3 << 16;
+               } //Same, except with 4 addends. Works faster than adding them one by one.
 
-       var EdgeEndStar = function EdgeEndStar () {
-         this._edgeMap = new TreeMap();
-         this._edgeList = null;
-         this._ptInAreaLocation = [Location.NONE, Location.NONE];
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.getNextCW = function getNextCW (ee) {
-         this.getEdges();
-         var i = this._edgeList.indexOf(ee);
-         var iNextCW = i - 1;
-         if (i === 0) { iNextCW = this._edgeList.size() - 1; }
-         return this._edgeList.get(iNextCW)
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.propagateSideLabels = function propagateSideLabels (geomIndex) {
-         var startLoc = Location.NONE;
-         for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var e = it.next();
-           var label = e.getLabel();
-           if (label.isArea(geomIndex) && label.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.LEFT) !== Location.NONE) { startLoc = label.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.LEFT); }
-         }
-         if (startLoc === Location.NONE) { return null }
-         var currLoc = startLoc;
-         for (var it$1 = this.iterator(); it$1.hasNext();) {
-           var e$1 = it$1.next();
-           var label$1 = e$1.getLabel();
-           if (label$1.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.ON) === Location.NONE) { label$1.setLocation(geomIndex, Position.ON, currLoc); }
-           if (label$1.isArea(geomIndex)) {
-             var leftLoc = label$1.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.LEFT);
-             var rightLoc = label$1.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.RIGHT);
-             if (rightLoc !== Location.NONE) {
-               if (rightLoc !== currLoc) { throw new TopologyException('side location conflict', e$1.getCoordinate()) }
-               if (leftLoc === Location.NONE) {
-                 Assert.shouldNeverReachHere('found single null side (at ' + e$1.getCoordinate() + ')');
-               }
-               currLoc = leftLoc;
-             } else {
-               Assert.isTrue(label$1.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.LEFT) === Location.NONE, 'found single null side');
-               label$1.setLocation(geomIndex, Position.RIGHT, currLoc);
-               label$1.setLocation(geomIndex, Position.LEFT, currLoc);
-             }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-         var it = this.iterator();
-         if (!it.hasNext()) { return null }
-         var e = it.next();
-         return e.getCoordinate()
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.print = function print (out) {
-         System.out.println('EdgeEndStar:   ' + this.getCoordinate());
-         for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var e = it.next();
-           e.print(out);
-         }
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.isAreaLabelsConsistent = function isAreaLabelsConsistent (geomGraph) {
-         this.computeEdgeEndLabels(geomGraph.getBoundaryNodeRule());
-         return this.checkAreaLabelsConsistent(0)
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.checkAreaLabelsConsistent = function checkAreaLabelsConsistent (geomIndex) {
-         var edges = this.getEdges();
-         if (edges.size() <= 0) { return true }
-         var lastEdgeIndex = edges.size() - 1;
-         var startLabel = edges.get(lastEdgeIndex).getLabel();
-         var startLoc = startLabel.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.LEFT);
-         Assert.isTrue(startLoc !== Location.NONE, 'Found unlabelled area edge');
-         var currLoc = startLoc;
-         for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var e = it.next();
-           var label = e.getLabel();
-           Assert.isTrue(label.isArea(geomIndex), 'Found non-area edge');
-           var leftLoc = label.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.LEFT);
-           var rightLoc = label.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.RIGHT);
-           if (leftLoc === rightLoc) {
-             return false
-           }
-           if (rightLoc !== currLoc) {
-             return false
-           }
-           currLoc = leftLoc;
-         }
-         return true
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.findIndex = function findIndex (eSearch) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         this.iterator();
-         for (var i = 0; i < this._edgeList.size(); i++) {
-           var e = this$1._edgeList.get(i);
-           if (e === eSearch) { return i }
-         }
-         return -1
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.iterator = function iterator () {
-         return this.getEdges().iterator()
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.getEdges = function getEdges () {
-         if (this._edgeList === null) {
-           this._edgeList = new ArrayList(this._edgeMap.values());
-         }
-         return this._edgeList
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.getLocation = function getLocation (geomIndex, p, geom) {
-         if (this._ptInAreaLocation[geomIndex] === Location.NONE) {
-           this._ptInAreaLocation[geomIndex] = SimplePointInAreaLocator.locate(p, geom[geomIndex].getGeometry());
-         }
-         return this._ptInAreaLocation[geomIndex]
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         var buf = new StringBuffer();
-         buf.append('EdgeEndStar:   ' + this.getCoordinate());
-         buf.append('\n');
-         for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var e = it.next();
-           buf.append(e);
-           buf.append('\n');
-         }
-         return buf.toString()
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.computeEdgeEndLabels = function computeEdgeEndLabels (boundaryNodeRule) {
-         for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var ee = it.next();
-           ee.computeLabel(boundaryNodeRule);
-         }
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.computeLabelling = function computeLabelling (geomGraph) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         this.computeEdgeEndLabels(geomGraph[0].getBoundaryNodeRule());
-         this.propagateSideLabels(0);
-         this.propagateSideLabels(1);
-         var hasDimensionalCollapseEdge = [false, false];
-         for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var e = it.next();
-           var label = e.getLabel();
-           for (var geomi = 0; geomi < 2; geomi++) {
-             if (label.isLine(geomi) && label.getLocation(geomi) === Location.BOUNDARY) { hasDimensionalCollapseEdge[geomi] = true; }
-           }
-         }
-         for (var it$1 = this.iterator(); it$1.hasNext();) {
-           var e$1 = it$1.next();
-           var label$1 = e$1.getLabel();
-           for (var geomi$1 = 0; geomi$1 < 2; geomi$1++) {
-             if (label$1.isAnyNull(geomi$1)) {
-               var loc = Location.NONE;
-               if (hasDimensionalCollapseEdge[geomi$1]) {
-                 loc = Location.EXTERIOR;
-               } else {
-                 var p = e$1.getCoordinate();
-                 loc = this$1.getLocation(geomi$1, p, geomGraph);
+               function int64add4(dst, a, b, c, d) {
+                 var w0 = (a.l & 0xffff) + (b.l & 0xffff) + (c.l & 0xffff) + (d.l & 0xffff);
+                 var w1 = (a.l >>> 16) + (b.l >>> 16) + (c.l >>> 16) + (d.l >>> 16) + (w0 >>> 16);
+                 var w2 = (a.h & 0xffff) + (b.h & 0xffff) + (c.h & 0xffff) + (d.h & 0xffff) + (w1 >>> 16);
+                 var w3 = (a.h >>> 16) + (b.h >>> 16) + (c.h >>> 16) + (d.h >>> 16) + (w2 >>> 16);
+                 dst.l = w0 & 0xffff | w1 << 16;
+                 dst.h = w2 & 0xffff | w3 << 16;
+               } //Same, except with 5 addends
+
+
+               function int64add5(dst, a, b, c, d, e) {
+                 var w0 = (a.l & 0xffff) + (b.l & 0xffff) + (c.l & 0xffff) + (d.l & 0xffff) + (e.l & 0xffff),
+                     w1 = (a.l >>> 16) + (b.l >>> 16) + (c.l >>> 16) + (d.l >>> 16) + (e.l >>> 16) + (w0 >>> 16),
+                     w2 = (a.h & 0xffff) + (b.h & 0xffff) + (c.h & 0xffff) + (d.h & 0xffff) + (e.h & 0xffff) + (w1 >>> 16),
+                     w3 = (a.h >>> 16) + (b.h >>> 16) + (c.h >>> 16) + (d.h >>> 16) + (e.h >>> 16) + (w2 >>> 16);
+                 dst.l = w0 & 0xffff | w1 << 16;
+                 dst.h = w2 & 0xffff | w3 << 16;
                }
-               label$1.setAllLocationsIfNull(geomi$1, loc);
-             }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.getDegree = function getDegree () {
-         return this._edgeMap.size()
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.insertEdgeEnd = function insertEdgeEnd (e, obj) {
-         this._edgeMap.put(e, obj);
-         this._edgeList = null;
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       EdgeEndStar.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return EdgeEndStar
-       };
+             },
 
-       var DirectedEdgeStar = (function (EdgeEndStar$$1) {
-         function DirectedEdgeStar () {
-           EdgeEndStar$$1.call(this);
-           this._resultAreaEdgeList = null;
-           this._label = null;
-           this._SCANNING_FOR_INCOMING = 1;
-           this._LINKING_TO_OUTGOING = 2;
-         }
-
-         if ( EdgeEndStar$$1 ) DirectedEdgeStar.__proto__ = EdgeEndStar$$1;
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype = Object.create( EdgeEndStar$$1 && EdgeEndStar$$1.prototype );
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.constructor = DirectedEdgeStar;
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.linkResultDirectedEdges = function linkResultDirectedEdges () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           this.getResultAreaEdges();
-           var firstOut = null;
-           var incoming = null;
-           var state = this._SCANNING_FOR_INCOMING;
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._resultAreaEdgeList.size(); i++) {
-             var nextOut = this$1._resultAreaEdgeList.get(i);
-             var nextIn = nextOut.getSym();
-             if (!nextOut.getLabel().isArea()) { continue }
-             if (firstOut === null && nextOut.isInResult()) { firstOut = nextOut; }
-             switch (state) {
-               case this$1._SCANNING_FOR_INCOMING:
-                 if (!nextIn.isInResult()) { continue }
-                 incoming = nextIn;
-                 state = this$1._LINKING_TO_OUTGOING;
-                 break
-               case this$1._LINKING_TO_OUTGOING:
-                 if (!nextOut.isInResult()) { continue }
-                 incoming.setNext(nextOut);
-                 state = this$1._SCANNING_FOR_INCOMING;
-                 break
-             }
-           }
-           if (state === this._LINKING_TO_OUTGOING) {
-             if (firstOut === null) { throw new TopologyException('no outgoing dirEdge found', this.getCoordinate()) }
-             Assert.isTrue(firstOut.isInResult(), 'unable to link last incoming dirEdge');
-             incoming.setNext(firstOut);
-           }
-         };
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.insert = function insert (ee) {
-           var de = ee;
-           this.insertEdgeEnd(de, de);
-         };
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.getRightmostEdge = function getRightmostEdge () {
-           var edges = this.getEdges();
-           var size = edges.size();
-           if (size < 1) { return null }
-           var de0 = edges.get(0);
-           if (size === 1) { return de0 }
-           var deLast = edges.get(size - 1);
-           var quad0 = de0.getQuadrant();
-           var quad1 = deLast.getQuadrant();
-           if (Quadrant.isNorthern(quad0) && Quadrant.isNorthern(quad1)) { return de0; } else if (!Quadrant.isNorthern(quad0) && !Quadrant.isNorthern(quad1)) { return deLast; } else {
-             // const nonHorizontalEdge = null
-             if (de0.getDy() !== 0) { return de0; } else if (deLast.getDy() !== 0) { return deLast }
-           }
-           Assert.shouldNeverReachHere('found two horizontal edges incident on node');
-           return null
-         };
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.print = function print (out) {
-           System.out.println('DirectedEdgeStar: ' + this.getCoordinate());
-           for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-             var de = it.next();
-             out.print('out ');
-             de.print(out);
-             out.println();
-             out.print('in ');
-             de.getSym().print(out);
-             out.println();
-           }
-         };
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.getResultAreaEdges = function getResultAreaEdges () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           if (this._resultAreaEdgeList !== null) { return this._resultAreaEdgeList }
-           this._resultAreaEdgeList = new ArrayList();
-           for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-             var de = it.next();
-             if (de.isInResult() || de.getSym().isInResult()) { this$1._resultAreaEdgeList.add(de); }
-           }
-           return this._resultAreaEdgeList
-         };
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.updateLabelling = function updateLabelling (nodeLabel) {
-           for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-             var de = it.next();
-             var label = de.getLabel();
-             label.setAllLocationsIfNull(0, nodeLabel.getLocation(0));
-             label.setAllLocationsIfNull(1, nodeLabel.getLocation(1));
-           }
-         };
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.linkAllDirectedEdges = function linkAllDirectedEdges () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           this.getEdges();
-           var prevOut = null;
-           var firstIn = null;
-           for (var i = this._edgeList.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-             var nextOut = this$1._edgeList.get(i);
-             var nextIn = nextOut.getSym();
-             if (firstIn === null) { firstIn = nextIn; }
-             if (prevOut !== null) { nextIn.setNext(prevOut); }
-             prevOut = nextOut;
-           }
-           firstIn.setNext(prevOut);
-         };
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.computeDepths = function computeDepths () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var de = arguments[0];
-             var edgeIndex = this.findIndex(de);
-             // const label = de.getLabel()
-             var startDepth = de.getDepth(Position.LEFT);
-             var targetLastDepth = de.getDepth(Position.RIGHT);
-             var nextDepth = this.computeDepths(edgeIndex + 1, this._edgeList.size(), startDepth);
-             var lastDepth = this.computeDepths(0, edgeIndex, nextDepth);
-             if (lastDepth !== targetLastDepth) { throw new TopologyException('depth mismatch at ' + de.getCoordinate()) }
-           } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-             var startIndex = arguments[0];
-             var endIndex = arguments[1];
-             var startDepth$1 = arguments[2];
-             var currDepth = startDepth$1;
-             for (var i = startIndex; i < endIndex; i++) {
-               var nextDe = this$1._edgeList.get(i);
-               // const label = nextDe.getLabel()
-               nextDe.setEdgeDepths(Position.RIGHT, currDepth);
-               currDepth = nextDe.getDepth(Position.LEFT);
-             }
-             return currDepth
-           }
-         };
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.mergeSymLabels = function mergeSymLabels () {
-           for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-             var de = it.next();
-             var label = de.getLabel();
-             label.merge(de.getSym().getLabel());
-           }
-         };
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.linkMinimalDirectedEdges = function linkMinimalDirectedEdges (er) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           var firstOut = null;
-           var incoming = null;
-           var state = this._SCANNING_FOR_INCOMING;
-           for (var i = this._resultAreaEdgeList.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-             var nextOut = this$1._resultAreaEdgeList.get(i);
-             var nextIn = nextOut.getSym();
-             if (firstOut === null && nextOut.getEdgeRing() === er) { firstOut = nextOut; }
-             switch (state) {
-               case this$1._SCANNING_FOR_INCOMING:
-                 if (nextIn.getEdgeRing() !== er) { continue }
-                 incoming = nextIn;
-                 state = this$1._LINKING_TO_OUTGOING;
-                 break
-               case this$1._LINKING_TO_OUTGOING:
-                 if (nextOut.getEdgeRing() !== er) { continue }
-                 incoming.setNextMin(nextOut);
-                 state = this$1._SCANNING_FOR_INCOMING;
-                 break
-             }
-           }
-           if (state === this._LINKING_TO_OUTGOING) {
-             Assert.isTrue(firstOut !== null, 'found null for first outgoing dirEdge');
-             Assert.isTrue(firstOut.getEdgeRing() === er, 'unable to link last incoming dirEdge');
-             incoming.setNextMin(firstOut);
-           }
-         };
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.getOutgoingDegree = function getOutgoingDegree () {
-           if (arguments.length === 0) {
-             var degree = 0;
-             for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-               var de = it.next();
-               if (de.isInResult()) { degree++; }
-             }
-             return degree
-           } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var er = arguments[0];
-             var degree$1 = 0;
-             for (var it$1 = this.iterator(); it$1.hasNext();) {
-               var de$1 = it$1.next();
-               if (de$1.getEdgeRing() === er) { degree$1++; }
-             }
-             return degree$1
-           }
-         };
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.getLabel = function getLabel () {
-           return this._label
-         };
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.findCoveredLineEdges = function findCoveredLineEdges () {
-           var startLoc = Location.NONE;
-           for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-             var nextOut = it.next();
-             var nextIn = nextOut.getSym();
-             if (!nextOut.isLineEdge()) {
-               if (nextOut.isInResult()) {
-                 startLoc = Location.INTERIOR;
-                 break
-               }
-               if (nextIn.isInResult()) {
-                 startLoc = Location.EXTERIOR;
-                 break
-               }
-             }
-           }
-           if (startLoc === Location.NONE) { return null }
-           var currLoc = startLoc;
-           for (var it$1 = this.iterator(); it$1.hasNext();) {
-             var nextOut$1 = it$1.next();
-             var nextIn$1 = nextOut$1.getSym();
-             if (nextOut$1.isLineEdge()) {
-               nextOut$1.getEdge().setCovered(currLoc === Location.INTERIOR);
-             } else {
-               if (nextOut$1.isInResult()) { currLoc = Location.EXTERIOR; }
-               if (nextIn$1.isInResult()) { currLoc = Location.INTERIOR; }
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.computeLabelling = function computeLabelling (geom) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             /**
+              * @class Hashes.RMD160
+              * @constructor
+              * @param {Object} [config]
+              *
+              * A JavaScript implementation of the RIPEMD-160 Algorithm
+              * Version 2.2 Copyright Jeremy Lin, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
+              * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
+              * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
+              * Also http://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~jjlin/jsotp/
+              */
+             RMD160: function RMD160(options) {
+               /**
+                * Private properties configuration variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
+                * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
+                * @see this.setUpperCase() method
+                * @see this.setPad() method
+                */
+               options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean' ? options.uppercase : false;
+
+               var /* hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase  */
+               b64pad = options && typeof options.pad === 'string' ? options.pa : '=',
 
-           EdgeEndStar$$1.prototype.computeLabelling.call(this, geom);
-           this._label = new Label(Location.NONE);
-           for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-             var ee = it.next();
-             var e = ee.getEdge();
-             var eLabel = e.getLabel();
-             for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-               var eLoc = eLabel.getLocation(i);
-               if (eLoc === Location.INTERIOR || eLoc === Location.BOUNDARY) { this$1._label.setLocation(i, Location.INTERIOR); }
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return DirectedEdgeStar
-         };
+               /* base-64 pad character. Default '=' for strict RFC compliance   */
+               utf8 = options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean' ? options.utf8 : true,
 
-         return DirectedEdgeStar;
-       }(EdgeEndStar));
+               /* enable/disable utf8 encoding */
+               rmd160_r1 = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 7, 4, 13, 1, 10, 6, 15, 3, 12, 0, 9, 5, 2, 14, 11, 8, 3, 10, 14, 4, 9, 15, 8, 1, 2, 7, 0, 6, 13, 11, 5, 12, 1, 9, 11, 10, 0, 8, 12, 4, 13, 3, 7, 15, 14, 5, 6, 2, 4, 0, 5, 9, 7, 12, 2, 10, 14, 1, 3, 8, 11, 6, 15, 13],
+                   rmd160_r2 = [5, 14, 7, 0, 9, 2, 11, 4, 13, 6, 15, 8, 1, 10, 3, 12, 6, 11, 3, 7, 0, 13, 5, 10, 14, 15, 8, 12, 4, 9, 1, 2, 15, 5, 1, 3, 7, 14, 6, 9, 11, 8, 12, 2, 10, 0, 4, 13, 8, 6, 4, 1, 3, 11, 15, 0, 5, 12, 2, 13, 9, 7, 10, 14, 12, 15, 10, 4, 1, 5, 8, 7, 6, 2, 13, 14, 0, 3, 9, 11],
+                   rmd160_s1 = [11, 14, 15, 12, 5, 8, 7, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 6, 7, 9, 8, 7, 6, 8, 13, 11, 9, 7, 15, 7, 12, 15, 9, 11, 7, 13, 12, 11, 13, 6, 7, 14, 9, 13, 15, 14, 8, 13, 6, 5, 12, 7, 5, 11, 12, 14, 15, 14, 15, 9, 8, 9, 14, 5, 6, 8, 6, 5, 12, 9, 15, 5, 11, 6, 8, 13, 12, 5, 12, 13, 14, 11, 8, 5, 6],
+                   rmd160_s2 = [8, 9, 9, 11, 13, 15, 15, 5, 7, 7, 8, 11, 14, 14, 12, 6, 9, 13, 15, 7, 12, 8, 9, 11, 7, 7, 12, 7, 6, 15, 13, 11, 9, 7, 15, 11, 8, 6, 6, 14, 12, 13, 5, 14, 13, 13, 7, 5, 15, 5, 8, 11, 14, 14, 6, 14, 6, 9, 12, 9, 12, 5, 15, 8, 8, 5, 12, 9, 12, 5, 14, 6, 8, 13, 6, 5, 15, 13, 11, 11];
+               /* privileged (public) methods */
+
+               this.hex = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr(s));
+               };
 
-       var OverlayNodeFactory = (function (NodeFactory$$1) {
-         function OverlayNodeFactory () {
-           NodeFactory$$1.apply(this, arguments);
-         }
+               this.b64 = function (s) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
+               };
 
-         if ( NodeFactory$$1 ) OverlayNodeFactory.__proto__ = NodeFactory$$1;
-         OverlayNodeFactory.prototype = Object.create( NodeFactory$$1 && NodeFactory$$1.prototype );
-         OverlayNodeFactory.prototype.constructor = OverlayNodeFactory;
+               this.any = function (s, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
+               };
 
-         OverlayNodeFactory.prototype.createNode = function createNode (coord) {
-           return new Node$1(coord, new DirectedEdgeStar())
-         };
-         OverlayNodeFactory.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         OverlayNodeFactory.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return OverlayNodeFactory
-         };
+               this.raw = function (s) {
+                 return rstr(s);
+               };
 
-         return OverlayNodeFactory;
-       }(NodeFactory));
+               this.hex_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
+               };
 
-       var OrientedCoordinateArray = function OrientedCoordinateArray () {
-         this._pts = null;
-         this._orientation = null;
-         var pts = arguments[0];
-         this._pts = pts;
-         this._orientation = OrientedCoordinateArray.orientation(pts);
-       };
-       OrientedCoordinateArray.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o1) {
-         var oca = o1;
-         var comp = OrientedCoordinateArray.compareOriented(this._pts, this._orientation, oca._pts, oca._orientation);
-         return comp
-       };
-       OrientedCoordinateArray.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Comparable]
-       };
-       OrientedCoordinateArray.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return OrientedCoordinateArray
-       };
-       OrientedCoordinateArray.orientation = function orientation (pts) {
-         return CoordinateArrays.increasingDirection(pts) === 1
-       };
-       OrientedCoordinateArray.compareOriented = function compareOriented (pts1, orientation1, pts2, orientation2) {
-         var dir1 = orientation1 ? 1 : -1;
-         var dir2 = orientation2 ? 1 : -1;
-         var limit1 = orientation1 ? pts1.length : -1;
-         var limit2 = orientation2 ? pts2.length : -1;
-         var i1 = orientation1 ? 0 : pts1.length - 1;
-         var i2 = orientation2 ? 0 : pts2.length - 1;
-         // const comp = 0
-         while (true) {
-           var compPt = pts1[i1].compareTo(pts2[i2]);
-           if (compPt !== 0) { return compPt }
-           i1 += dir1;
-           i2 += dir2;
-           var done1 = i1 === limit1;
-           var done2 = i2 === limit2;
-           if (done1 && !done2) { return -1 }
-           if (!done1 && done2) { return 1 }
-           if (done1 && done2) { return 0 }
-         }
-       };
+               this.b64_hmac = function (k, d) {
+                 return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
+               };
 
-       var EdgeList = function EdgeList () {
-         this._edges = new ArrayList();
-         this._ocaMap = new TreeMap();
-       };
-       EdgeList.prototype.print = function print (out) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         out.print('MULTILINESTRING ( ');
-         for (var j = 0; j < this._edges.size(); j++) {
-           var e = this$1._edges.get(j);
-           if (j > 0) { out.print(','); }
-           out.print('(');
-           var pts = e.getCoordinates();
-           for (var i = 0; i < pts.length; i++) {
-             if (i > 0) { out.print(','); }
-             out.print(pts[i].x + ' ' + pts[i].y);
-           }
-           out.println(')');
-         }
-         out.print(')  ');
-       };
-       EdgeList.prototype.addAll = function addAll (edgeColl) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               this.any_hmac = function (k, d, e) {
+                 return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
+               };
+               /**
+                * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
+                * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
+                * @public
+                */
 
-         for (var i = edgeColl.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           this$1.add(i.next());
-         }
-       };
-       EdgeList.prototype.findEdgeIndex = function findEdgeIndex (e) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < this._edges.size(); i++) {
-           if (this$1._edges.get(i).equals(e)) { return i }
-         }
-         return -1
-       };
-       EdgeList.prototype.iterator = function iterator () {
-         return this._edges.iterator()
-       };
-       EdgeList.prototype.getEdges = function getEdges () {
-         return this._edges
-       };
-       EdgeList.prototype.get = function get (i) {
-         return this._edges.get(i)
-       };
-       EdgeList.prototype.findEqualEdge = function findEqualEdge (e) {
-         var oca = new OrientedCoordinateArray(e.getCoordinates());
-         var matchEdge = this._ocaMap.get(oca);
-         return matchEdge
-       };
-       EdgeList.prototype.add = function add (e) {
-         this._edges.add(e);
-         var oca = new OrientedCoordinateArray(e.getCoordinates());
-         this._ocaMap.put(oca, e);
-       };
-       EdgeList.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       EdgeList.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return EdgeList
-       };
+               this.vm_test = function () {
+                 return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
+                * @param {boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-       var SegmentIntersector = function SegmentIntersector () {};
 
-       SegmentIntersector.prototype.processIntersections = function processIntersections (e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1) {};
-       SegmentIntersector.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {};
-       SegmentIntersector.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       SegmentIntersector.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return SegmentIntersector
-       };
+               this.setUpperCase = function (a) {
 
-       var IntersectionAdder = function IntersectionAdder () {
-         this._hasIntersection = false;
-         this._hasProper = false;
-         this._hasProperInterior = false;
-         this._hasInterior = false;
-         this._properIntersectionPoint = null;
-         this._li = null;
-         this._isSelfIntersection = null;
-         this.numIntersections = 0;
-         this.numInteriorIntersections = 0;
-         this.numProperIntersections = 0;
-         this.numTests = 0;
-         var li = arguments[0];
-         this._li = li;
-       };
-       IntersectionAdder.prototype.isTrivialIntersection = function isTrivialIntersection (e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1) {
-         if (e0 === e1) {
-           if (this._li.getIntersectionNum() === 1) {
-             if (IntersectionAdder.isAdjacentSegments(segIndex0, segIndex1)) { return true }
-             if (e0.isClosed()) {
-               var maxSegIndex = e0.size() - 1;
-               if ((segIndex0 === 0 && segIndex1 === maxSegIndex) ||
-                   (segIndex1 === 0 && segIndex0 === maxSegIndex)) {
-                 return true
-               }
-             }
-           }
-         }
-         return false
-       };
-       IntersectionAdder.prototype.getProperIntersectionPoint = function getProperIntersectionPoint () {
-         return this._properIntersectionPoint
-       };
-       IntersectionAdder.prototype.hasProperInteriorIntersection = function hasProperInteriorIntersection () {
-         return this._hasProperInterior
-       };
-       IntersectionAdder.prototype.getLineIntersector = function getLineIntersector () {
-         return this._li
-       };
-       IntersectionAdder.prototype.hasProperIntersection = function hasProperIntersection () {
-         return this._hasProper
-       };
-       IntersectionAdder.prototype.processIntersections = function processIntersections (e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1) {
-         if (e0 === e1 && segIndex0 === segIndex1) { return null }
-         this.numTests++;
-         var p00 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0];
-         var p01 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0 + 1];
-         var p10 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1];
-         var p11 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1 + 1];
-         this._li.computeIntersection(p00, p01, p10, p11);
-         if (this._li.hasIntersection()) {
-           this.numIntersections++;
-           if (this._li.isInteriorIntersection()) {
-             this.numInteriorIntersections++;
-             this._hasInterior = true;
-           }
-           if (!this.isTrivialIntersection(e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1)) {
-             this._hasIntersection = true;
-             e0.addIntersections(this._li, segIndex0, 0);
-             e1.addIntersections(this._li, segIndex1, 1);
-             if (this._li.isProper()) {
-               this.numProperIntersections++;
-               this._hasProper = true;
-               this._hasProperInterior = true;
-             }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       IntersectionAdder.prototype.hasIntersection = function hasIntersection () {
-         return this._hasIntersection
-       };
-       IntersectionAdder.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {
-         return false
-       };
-       IntersectionAdder.prototype.hasInteriorIntersection = function hasInteriorIntersection () {
-         return this._hasInterior
-       };
-       IntersectionAdder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [SegmentIntersector]
-       };
-       IntersectionAdder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return IntersectionAdder
-       };
-       IntersectionAdder.isAdjacentSegments = function isAdjacentSegments (i1, i2) {
-         return Math.abs(i1 - i2) === 1
-       };
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {string} Pad
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-       var EdgeIntersection = function EdgeIntersection () {
-         this.coord = null;
-         this.segmentIndex = null;
-         this.dist = null;
-         var coord = arguments[0];
-         var segmentIndex = arguments[1];
-         var dist = arguments[2];
-         this.coord = new Coordinate(coord);
-         this.segmentIndex = segmentIndex;
-         this.dist = dist;
-       };
-       EdgeIntersection.prototype.getSegmentIndex = function getSegmentIndex () {
-         return this.segmentIndex
-       };
-       EdgeIntersection.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-         return this.coord
-       };
-       EdgeIntersection.prototype.print = function print (out) {
-         out.print(this.coord);
-         out.print(' seg # = ' + this.segmentIndex);
-         out.println(' dist = ' + this.dist);
-       };
-       EdgeIntersection.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (obj) {
-         var other = obj;
-         return this.compare(other.segmentIndex, other.dist)
-       };
-       EdgeIntersection.prototype.isEndPoint = function isEndPoint (maxSegmentIndex) {
-         if (this.segmentIndex === 0 && this.dist === 0.0) { return true }
-         if (this.segmentIndex === maxSegmentIndex) { return true }
-         return false
-       };
-       EdgeIntersection.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         return this.coord + ' seg # = ' + this.segmentIndex + ' dist = ' + this.dist
-       };
-       EdgeIntersection.prototype.getDistance = function getDistance () {
-         return this.dist
-       };
-       EdgeIntersection.prototype.compare = function compare (segmentIndex, dist) {
-         if (this.segmentIndex < segmentIndex) { return -1 }
-         if (this.segmentIndex > segmentIndex) { return 1 }
-         if (this.dist < dist) { return -1 }
-         if (this.dist > dist) { return 1 }
-         return 0
-       };
-       EdgeIntersection.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Comparable]
-       };
-       EdgeIntersection.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return EdgeIntersection
-       };
 
-       var EdgeIntersectionList = function EdgeIntersectionList () {
-         this._nodeMap = new TreeMap();
-         this.edge = null;
-         var edge = arguments[0];
-         this.edge = edge;
-       };
-       EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.print = function print (out) {
-         out.println('Intersections:');
-         for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var ei = it.next();
-           ei.print(out);
-         }
-       };
-       EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.iterator = function iterator () {
-         return this._nodeMap.values().iterator()
-       };
-       EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.addSplitEdges = function addSplitEdges (edgeList) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         this.addEndpoints();
-         var it = this.iterator();
-         var eiPrev = it.next();
-         while (it.hasNext()) {
-           var ei = it.next();
-           var newEdge = this$1.createSplitEdge(eiPrev, ei);
-           edgeList.add(newEdge);
-           eiPrev = ei;
-         }
-       };
-       EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.addEndpoints = function addEndpoints () {
-         var maxSegIndex = this.edge.pts.length - 1;
-         this.add(this.edge.pts[0], 0, 0.0);
-         this.add(this.edge.pts[maxSegIndex], maxSegIndex, 0.0);
-       };
-       EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.createSplitEdge = function createSplitEdge (ei0, ei1) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         var npts = ei1.segmentIndex - ei0.segmentIndex + 2;
-         var lastSegStartPt = this.edge.pts[ei1.segmentIndex];
-         var useIntPt1 = ei1.dist > 0.0 || !ei1.coord.equals2D(lastSegStartPt);
-         if (!useIntPt1) {
-           npts--;
-         }
-         var pts = new Array(npts).fill(null);
-         var ipt = 0;
-         pts[ipt++] = new Coordinate(ei0.coord);
-         for (var i = ei0.segmentIndex + 1; i <= ei1.segmentIndex; i++) {
-           pts[ipt++] = this$1.edge.pts[i];
-         }
-         if (useIntPt1) { pts[ipt] = ei1.coord; }
-         return new Edge(pts, new Label(this.edge._label))
-       };
-       EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.add = function add (intPt, segmentIndex, dist) {
-         var eiNew = new EdgeIntersection(intPt, segmentIndex, dist);
-         var ei = this._nodeMap.get(eiNew);
-         if (ei !== null) {
-           return ei
-         }
-         this._nodeMap.put(eiNew, eiNew);
-         return eiNew
-       };
-       EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.isIntersection = function isIntersection (pt) {
-         for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var ei = it.next();
-           if (ei.coord.equals(pt)) { return true }
-         }
-         return false
-       };
-       EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return EdgeIntersectionList
-       };
+               this.setPad = function (a) {
+                 if (typeof a !== 'undefined') {
+                   b64pad = a;
+                 }
 
-       var MonotoneChainIndexer = function MonotoneChainIndexer () {};
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /**
+                * @description Defines a base64 pad string
+                * @param {boolean}
+                * @return {Object} this
+                * @public
+                */
 
-       MonotoneChainIndexer.prototype.getChainStartIndices = function getChainStartIndices (pts) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         var start = 0;
-         var startIndexList = new ArrayList();
-         startIndexList.add(new Integer(start));
-         do {
-           var last = this$1.findChainEnd(pts, start);
-           startIndexList.add(new Integer(last));
-           start = last;
-         } while (start < pts.length - 1)
-         var startIndex = MonotoneChainIndexer.toIntArray(startIndexList);
-         return startIndex
-       };
-       MonotoneChainIndexer.prototype.findChainEnd = function findChainEnd (pts, start) {
-         var chainQuad = Quadrant.quadrant(pts[start], pts[start + 1]);
-         var last = start + 1;
-         while (last < pts.length) {
-           var quad = Quadrant.quadrant(pts[last - 1], pts[last]);
-           if (quad !== chainQuad) { break }
-           last++;
-         }
-         return last - 1
-       };
-       MonotoneChainIndexer.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       MonotoneChainIndexer.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return MonotoneChainIndexer
-       };
-       MonotoneChainIndexer.toIntArray = function toIntArray (list) {
-         var array = new Array(list.size()).fill(null);
-         for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
-           array[i] = list.get(i).intValue();
-         }
-         return array
-       };
+               this.setUTF8 = function (a) {
+                 if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
+                   utf8 = a;
+                 }
 
-       var MonotoneChainEdge = function MonotoneChainEdge () {
-         this.e = null;
-         this.pts = null;
-         this.startIndex = null;
-         this.env1 = new Envelope();
-         this.env2 = new Envelope();
-         var e = arguments[0];
-         this.e = e;
-         this.pts = e.getCoordinates();
-         var mcb = new MonotoneChainIndexer();
-         this.startIndex = mcb.getChainStartIndices(this.pts);
-       };
-       MonotoneChainEdge.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
-         return this.pts
-       };
-       MonotoneChainEdge.prototype.getMaxX = function getMaxX (chainIndex) {
-         var x1 = this.pts[this.startIndex[chainIndex]].x;
-         var x2 = this.pts[this.startIndex[chainIndex + 1]].x;
-         return x1 > x2 ? x1 : x2
-       };
-       MonotoneChainEdge.prototype.getMinX = function getMinX (chainIndex) {
-         var x1 = this.pts[this.startIndex[chainIndex]].x;
-         var x2 = this.pts[this.startIndex[chainIndex + 1]].x;
-         return x1 < x2 ? x1 : x2
-       };
-       MonotoneChainEdge.prototype.computeIntersectsForChain = function computeIntersectsForChain () {
-         if (arguments.length === 4) {
-           var chainIndex0 = arguments[0];
-           var mce = arguments[1];
-           var chainIndex1 = arguments[2];
-           var si = arguments[3];
-           this.computeIntersectsForChain(this.startIndex[chainIndex0], this.startIndex[chainIndex0 + 1], mce, mce.startIndex[chainIndex1], mce.startIndex[chainIndex1 + 1], si);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 6) {
-           var start0 = arguments[0];
-           var end0 = arguments[1];
-           var mce$1 = arguments[2];
-           var start1 = arguments[3];
-           var end1 = arguments[4];
-           var ei = arguments[5];
-           var p00 = this.pts[start0];
-           var p01 = this.pts[end0];
-           var p10 = mce$1.pts[start1];
-           var p11 = mce$1.pts[end1];
-           if (end0 - start0 === 1 && end1 - start1 === 1) {
-             ei.addIntersections(this.e, start0, mce$1.e, start1);
-             return null
-           }
-           this.env1.init(p00, p01);
-           this.env2.init(p10, p11);
-           if (!this.env1.intersects(this.env2)) { return null }
-           var mid0 = Math.trunc((start0 + end0) / 2);
-           var mid1 = Math.trunc((start1 + end1) / 2);
-           if (start0 < mid0) {
-             if (start1 < mid1) { this.computeIntersectsForChain(start0, mid0, mce$1, start1, mid1, ei); }
-             if (mid1 < end1) { this.computeIntersectsForChain(start0, mid0, mce$1, mid1, end1, ei); }
-           }
-           if (mid0 < end0) {
-             if (start1 < mid1) { this.computeIntersectsForChain(mid0, end0, mce$1, start1, mid1, ei); }
-             if (mid1 < end1) { this.computeIntersectsForChain(mid0, end0, mce$1, mid1, end1, ei); }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       MonotoneChainEdge.prototype.getStartIndexes = function getStartIndexes () {
-         return this.startIndex
-       };
-       MonotoneChainEdge.prototype.computeIntersects = function computeIntersects (mce, si) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                 return this;
+               };
+               /* private methods */
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < this.startIndex.length - 1; i++) {
-           for (var j = 0; j < mce.startIndex.length - 1; j++) {
-             this$1.computeIntersectsForChain(i, mce, j, si);
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       MonotoneChainEdge.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       MonotoneChainEdge.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return MonotoneChainEdge
-       };
+               /**
+                * Calculate the rmd160 of a raw string
+                */
+
+
+               function rstr(s) {
+                 s = utf8 ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
+                 return binl2rstr(binl(rstr2binl(s), s.length * 8));
+               }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the HMAC-rmd160 of a key and some data (raw strings)
+                */
+
+
+               function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
+                 key = utf8 ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
+                 data = utf8 ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
+                 var i,
+                     hash,
+                     bkey = rstr2binl(key),
+                     ipad = Array(16),
+                     opad = Array(16);
 
-       var Depth = function Depth () {
-         var this$1 = this;
+                 if (bkey.length > 16) {
+                   bkey = binl(bkey, key.length * 8);
+                 }
 
-         this._depth = Array(2).fill().map(function () { return Array(3); });
-         for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-           for (var j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
-             this$1._depth[i][j] = Depth.NULL_VALUE;
-           }
-         }
-       };
+                 for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 1) {
+                   ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
+                   opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
+                 }
 
-       var staticAccessors$31 = { NULL_VALUE: { configurable: true } };
-       Depth.prototype.getDepth = function getDepth (geomIndex, posIndex) {
-         return this._depth[geomIndex][posIndex]
-       };
-       Depth.prototype.setDepth = function setDepth (geomIndex, posIndex, depthValue) {
-         this._depth[geomIndex][posIndex] = depthValue;
-       };
-       Depth.prototype.isNull = function isNull () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                 hash = binl(ipad.concat(rstr2binl(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
+                 return binl2rstr(binl(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 160));
+               }
+               /**
+                * Convert an array of little-endian words to a string
+                */
 
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-             for (var j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
-               if (this$1._depth[i][j] !== Depth.NULL_VALUE) { return false }
-             }
-           }
-           return true
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var geomIndex = arguments[0];
-           return this._depth[geomIndex][1] === Depth.NULL_VALUE
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var geomIndex$1 = arguments[0];
-           var posIndex = arguments[1];
-           return this._depth[geomIndex$1][posIndex] === Depth.NULL_VALUE
-         }
-       };
-       Depth.prototype.normalize = function normalize () {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-           if (!this$1.isNull(i)) {
-             var minDepth = this$1._depth[i][1];
-             if (this$1._depth[i][2] < minDepth) { minDepth = this$1._depth[i][2]; }
-             if (minDepth < 0) { minDepth = 0; }
-             for (var j = 1; j < 3; j++) {
-               var newValue = 0;
-               if (this$1._depth[i][j] > minDepth) { newValue = 1; }
-               this$1._depth[i][j] = newValue;
-             }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       Depth.prototype.getDelta = function getDelta (geomIndex) {
-         return this._depth[geomIndex][Position.RIGHT] - this._depth[geomIndex][Position.LEFT]
-       };
-       Depth.prototype.getLocation = function getLocation (geomIndex, posIndex) {
-         if (this._depth[geomIndex][posIndex] <= 0) { return Location.EXTERIOR }
-         return Location.INTERIOR
-       };
-       Depth.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         return 'A: ' + this._depth[0][1] + ',' + this._depth[0][2] + ' B: ' + this._depth[1][1] + ',' + this._depth[1][2]
-       };
-       Depth.prototype.add = function add () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               function binl2rstr(input) {
+                 var i,
+                     output = '',
+                     l = input.length * 32;
 
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var lbl = arguments[0];
-           for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-             for (var j = 1; j < 3; j++) {
-               var loc = lbl.getLocation(i, j);
-               if (loc === Location.EXTERIOR || loc === Location.INTERIOR) {
-                 if (this$1.isNull(i, j)) {
-                   this$1._depth[i][j] = Depth.depthAtLocation(loc);
-                 } else { this$1._depth[i][j] += Depth.depthAtLocation(loc); }
-               }
-             }
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var geomIndex = arguments[0];
-           var posIndex = arguments[1];
-           var location = arguments[2];
-           if (location === Location.INTERIOR) { this._depth[geomIndex][posIndex]++; }
-         }
-       };
-       Depth.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       Depth.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Depth
-       };
-       Depth.depthAtLocation = function depthAtLocation (location) {
-         if (location === Location.EXTERIOR) { return 0 }
-         if (location === Location.INTERIOR) { return 1 }
-         return Depth.NULL_VALUE
-       };
-       staticAccessors$31.NULL_VALUE.get = function () { return -1 };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( Depth, staticAccessors$31 );
-
-       var Edge = (function (GraphComponent$$1) {
-         function Edge () {
-           GraphComponent$$1.call(this);
-           this.pts = null;
-           this._env = null;
-           this.eiList = new EdgeIntersectionList(this);
-           this._name = null;
-           this._mce = null;
-           this._isIsolated = true;
-           this._depth = new Depth();
-           this._depthDelta = 0;
-           if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var pts = arguments[0];
-             Edge.call(this, pts, null);
-           } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var pts$1 = arguments[0];
-             var label = arguments[1];
-             this.pts = pts$1;
-             this._label = label;
-           }
-         }
+                 for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
+                   output += String.fromCharCode(input[i >> 5] >>> i % 32 & 0xFF);
+                 }
 
-         if ( GraphComponent$$1 ) Edge.__proto__ = GraphComponent$$1;
-         Edge.prototype = Object.create( GraphComponent$$1 && GraphComponent$$1.prototype );
-         Edge.prototype.constructor = Edge;
-         Edge.prototype.getDepth = function getDepth () {
-           return this._depth
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.getCollapsedEdge = function getCollapsedEdge () {
-           var newPts = new Array(2).fill(null);
-           newPts[0] = this.pts[0];
-           newPts[1] = this.pts[1];
-           var newe = new Edge(newPts, Label.toLineLabel(this._label));
-           return newe
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.isIsolated = function isIsolated () {
-           return this._isIsolated
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
-           return this.pts
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.setIsolated = function setIsolated (isIsolated) {
-           this._isIsolated = isIsolated;
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.setName = function setName (name) {
-           this._name = name;
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.equals = function equals (o) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                 return output;
+               }
+               /**
+                * Calculate the RIPE-MD160 of an array of little-endian words, and a bit length.
+                */
+
+
+               function binl(x, len) {
+                 var T,
+                     j,
+                     i,
+                     l,
+                     h0 = 0x67452301,
+                     h1 = 0xefcdab89,
+                     h2 = 0x98badcfe,
+                     h3 = 0x10325476,
+                     h4 = 0xc3d2e1f0,
+                     A1,
+                     B1,
+                     C1,
+                     D1,
+                     E1,
+                     A2,
+                     B2,
+                     C2,
+                     D2,
+                     E2;
+                 /* append padding */
+
+                 x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << len % 32;
+                 x[(len + 64 >>> 9 << 4) + 14] = len;
+                 l = x.length;
+
+                 for (i = 0; i < l; i += 16) {
+                   A1 = A2 = h0;
+                   B1 = B2 = h1;
+                   C1 = C2 = h2;
+                   D1 = D2 = h3;
+                   E1 = E2 = h4;
+
+                   for (j = 0; j <= 79; j += 1) {
+                     T = safe_add(A1, rmd160_f(j, B1, C1, D1));
+                     T = safe_add(T, x[i + rmd160_r1[j]]);
+                     T = safe_add(T, rmd160_K1(j));
+                     T = safe_add(bit_rol(T, rmd160_s1[j]), E1);
+                     A1 = E1;
+                     E1 = D1;
+                     D1 = bit_rol(C1, 10);
+                     C1 = B1;
+                     B1 = T;
+                     T = safe_add(A2, rmd160_f(79 - j, B2, C2, D2));
+                     T = safe_add(T, x[i + rmd160_r2[j]]);
+                     T = safe_add(T, rmd160_K2(j));
+                     T = safe_add(bit_rol(T, rmd160_s2[j]), E2);
+                     A2 = E2;
+                     E2 = D2;
+                     D2 = bit_rol(C2, 10);
+                     C2 = B2;
+                     B2 = T;
+                   }
+
+                   T = safe_add(h1, safe_add(C1, D2));
+                   h1 = safe_add(h2, safe_add(D1, E2));
+                   h2 = safe_add(h3, safe_add(E1, A2));
+                   h3 = safe_add(h4, safe_add(A1, B2));
+                   h4 = safe_add(h0, safe_add(B1, C2));
+                   h0 = T;
+                 }
 
-           if (!(o instanceof Edge)) { return false }
-           var e = o;
-           if (this.pts.length !== e.pts.length) { return false }
-           var isEqualForward = true;
-           var isEqualReverse = true;
-           var iRev = this.pts.length;
-           for (var i = 0; i < this.pts.length; i++) {
-             if (!this$1.pts[i].equals2D(e.pts[i])) {
-               isEqualForward = false;
-             }
-             if (!this$1.pts[i].equals2D(e.pts[--iRev])) {
-               isEqualReverse = false;
-             }
-             if (!isEqualForward && !isEqualReverse) { return false }
-           }
-           return true
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-           if (arguments.length === 0) {
-             if (this.pts.length > 0) { return this.pts[0] }
-             return null
-           } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var i = arguments[0];
-             return this.pts[i]
-           }
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.print = function print (out) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                 return [h0, h1, h2, h3, h4];
+               } // specific algorithm methods
 
-           out.print('edge ' + this._name + ': ');
-           out.print('LINESTRING (');
-           for (var i = 0; i < this.pts.length; i++) {
-             if (i > 0) { out.print(','); }
-             out.print(this$1.pts[i].x + ' ' + this$1.pts[i].y);
-           }
-           out.print(')  ' + this._label + ' ' + this._depthDelta);
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.computeIM = function computeIM (im) {
-           Edge.updateIM(this._label, im);
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.isCollapsed = function isCollapsed () {
-           if (!this._label.isArea()) { return false }
-           if (this.pts.length !== 3) { return false }
-           if (this.pts[0].equals(this.pts[2])) { return true }
-           return false
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.isClosed = function isClosed () {
-           return this.pts[0].equals(this.pts[this.pts.length - 1])
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.getMaximumSegmentIndex = function getMaximumSegmentIndex () {
-           return this.pts.length - 1
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.getDepthDelta = function getDepthDelta () {
-           return this._depthDelta
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.getNumPoints = function getNumPoints () {
-           return this.pts.length
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.printReverse = function printReverse (out) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-           out.print('edge ' + this._name + ': ');
-           for (var i = this.pts.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-             out.print(this$1.pts[i] + ' ');
-           }
-           out.println('');
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.getMonotoneChainEdge = function getMonotoneChainEdge () {
-           if (this._mce === null) { this._mce = new MonotoneChainEdge(this); }
-           return this._mce
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.getEnvelope = function getEnvelope () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               function rmd160_f(j, x, y, z) {
+                 return 0 <= j && j <= 15 ? x ^ y ^ z : 16 <= j && j <= 31 ? x & y | ~x & z : 32 <= j && j <= 47 ? (x | ~y) ^ z : 48 <= j && j <= 63 ? x & z | y & ~z : 64 <= j && j <= 79 ? x ^ (y | ~z) : 'rmd160_f: j out of range';
+               }
 
-           if (this._env === null) {
-             this._env = new Envelope();
-             for (var i = 0; i < this.pts.length; i++) {
-               this$1._env.expandToInclude(this$1.pts[i]);
-             }
-           }
-           return this._env
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.addIntersection = function addIntersection (li, segmentIndex, geomIndex, intIndex) {
-           var intPt = new Coordinate(li.getIntersection(intIndex));
-           var normalizedSegmentIndex = segmentIndex;
-           var dist = li.getEdgeDistance(geomIndex, intIndex);
-           var nextSegIndex = normalizedSegmentIndex + 1;
-           if (nextSegIndex < this.pts.length) {
-             var nextPt = this.pts[nextSegIndex];
-             if (intPt.equals2D(nextPt)) {
-               normalizedSegmentIndex = nextSegIndex;
-               dist = 0.0;
+               function rmd160_K1(j) {
+                 return 0 <= j && j <= 15 ? 0x00000000 : 16 <= j && j <= 31 ? 0x5a827999 : 32 <= j && j <= 47 ? 0x6ed9eba1 : 48 <= j && j <= 63 ? 0x8f1bbcdc : 64 <= j && j <= 79 ? 0xa953fd4e : 'rmd160_K1: j out of range';
+               }
+
+               function rmd160_K2(j) {
+                 return 0 <= j && j <= 15 ? 0x50a28be6 : 16 <= j && j <= 31 ? 0x5c4dd124 : 32 <= j && j <= 47 ? 0x6d703ef3 : 48 <= j && j <= 63 ? 0x7a6d76e9 : 64 <= j && j <= 79 ? 0x00000000 : 'rmd160_K2: j out of range';
+               }
              }
-           }
-           this.eiList.add(intPt, normalizedSegmentIndex, dist);
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           }; // exposes Hashes
 
-           var buf = new StringBuffer();
-           buf.append('edge ' + this._name + ': ');
-           buf.append('LINESTRING (');
-           for (var i = 0; i < this.pts.length; i++) {
-             if (i > 0) { buf.append(','); }
-             buf.append(this$1.pts[i].x + ' ' + this$1.pts[i].y);
-           }
-           buf.append(')  ' + this._label + ' ' + this._depthDelta);
-           return buf.toString()
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.isPointwiseEqual = function isPointwiseEqual (e) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           (function (window, undefined$1) {
+             var freeExports = false;
+
+             {
+               freeExports = exports;
 
-           if (this.pts.length !== e.pts.length) { return false }
-           for (var i = 0; i < this.pts.length; i++) {
-             if (!this$1.pts[i].equals2D(e.pts[i])) {
-               return false
+               if (exports && _typeof(commonjsGlobal) === 'object' && commonjsGlobal && commonjsGlobal === commonjsGlobal.global) {
+                 window = commonjsGlobal;
+               }
              }
-           }
-           return true
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.setDepthDelta = function setDepthDelta (depthDelta) {
-           this._depthDelta = depthDelta;
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.getEdgeIntersectionList = function getEdgeIntersectionList () {
-           return this.eiList
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.addIntersections = function addIntersections (li, segmentIndex, geomIndex) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-           for (var i = 0; i < li.getIntersectionNum(); i++) {
-             this$1.addIntersection(li, segmentIndex, geomIndex, i);
-           }
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         Edge.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return Edge
-         };
-         Edge.updateIM = function updateIM () {
-           if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var label = arguments[0];
-             var im = arguments[1];
-             im.setAtLeastIfValid(label.getLocation(0, Position.ON), label.getLocation(1, Position.ON), 1);
-             if (label.isArea()) {
-               im.setAtLeastIfValid(label.getLocation(0, Position.LEFT), label.getLocation(1, Position.LEFT), 2);
-               im.setAtLeastIfValid(label.getLocation(0, Position.RIGHT), label.getLocation(1, Position.RIGHT), 2);
+             if (typeof undefined$1 === 'function' && _typeof(undefined$1.amd) === 'object' && undefined$1.amd) {
+               // define as an anonymous module, so, through path mapping, it can be aliased
+               undefined$1(function () {
+                 return Hashes;
+               });
+             } else if (freeExports) {
+               // in Node.js or RingoJS v0.8.0+
+               if (module && module.exports === freeExports) {
+                 module.exports = Hashes;
+               } // in Narwhal or RingoJS v0.7.0-
+               else {
+                 freeExports.Hashes = Hashes;
+               }
+             } else {
+               // in a browser or Rhino
+               window.Hashes = Hashes;
              }
-           } else { return GraphComponent$$1.prototype.updateIM.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
+           })(this);
+         })(); // IIFE
 
-         return Edge;
-       }(GraphComponent));
+       })(hashes$1, hashes$1.exports);
 
-       var BufferBuilder = function BufferBuilder (bufParams) {
-         this._workingPrecisionModel = null;
-         this._workingNoder = null;
-         this._geomFact = null;
-         this._graph = null;
-         this._edgeList = new EdgeList();
-         this._bufParams = bufParams || null;
-       };
-       BufferBuilder.prototype.setWorkingPrecisionModel = function setWorkingPrecisionModel (pm) {
-         this._workingPrecisionModel = pm;
-       };
-       BufferBuilder.prototype.insertUniqueEdge = function insertUniqueEdge (e) {
-         var existingEdge = this._edgeList.findEqualEdge(e);
-         if (existingEdge !== null) {
-           var existingLabel = existingEdge.getLabel();
-           var labelToMerge = e.getLabel();
-           if (!existingEdge.isPointwiseEqual(e)) {
-             labelToMerge = new Label(e.getLabel());
-             labelToMerge.flip();
-           }
-           existingLabel.merge(labelToMerge);
-           var mergeDelta = BufferBuilder.depthDelta(labelToMerge);
-           var existingDelta = existingEdge.getDepthDelta();
-           var newDelta = existingDelta + mergeDelta;
-           existingEdge.setDepthDelta(newDelta);
-         } else {
-           this._edgeList.add(e);
-           e.setDepthDelta(BufferBuilder.depthDelta(e.getLabel()));
-         }
-       };
-       BufferBuilder.prototype.buildSubgraphs = function buildSubgraphs (subgraphList, polyBuilder) {
-         var processedGraphs = new ArrayList();
-         for (var i = subgraphList.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var subgraph = i.next();
-           var p = subgraph.getRightmostCoordinate();
-           var locater = new SubgraphDepthLocater(processedGraphs);
-           var outsideDepth = locater.getDepth(p);
-           subgraph.computeDepth(outsideDepth);
-           subgraph.findResultEdges();
-           processedGraphs.add(subgraph);
-           polyBuilder.add(subgraph.getDirectedEdges(), subgraph.getNodes());
-         }
-       };
-       BufferBuilder.prototype.createSubgraphs = function createSubgraphs (graph) {
-         var subgraphList = new ArrayList();
-         for (var i = graph.getNodes().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var node = i.next();
-           if (!node.isVisited()) {
-             var subgraph = new BufferSubgraph();
-             subgraph.create(node);
-             subgraphList.add(subgraph);
-           }
-         }
-         Collections.sort(subgraphList, Collections.reverseOrder());
-         return subgraphList
-       };
-       BufferBuilder.prototype.createEmptyResultGeometry = function createEmptyResultGeometry () {
-         var emptyGeom = this._geomFact.createPolygon();
-         return emptyGeom
-       };
-       BufferBuilder.prototype.getNoder = function getNoder (precisionModel) {
-         if (this._workingNoder !== null) { return this._workingNoder }
-         var noder = new MCIndexNoder();
-         var li = new RobustLineIntersector();
-         li.setPrecisionModel(precisionModel);
-         noder.setSegmentIntersector(new IntersectionAdder(li));
-         return noder
-       };
-       BufferBuilder.prototype.buffer = function buffer (g, distance) {
-         var precisionModel = this._workingPrecisionModel;
-         if (precisionModel === null) { precisionModel = g.getPrecisionModel(); }
-         this._geomFact = g.getFactory();
-         var curveBuilder = new OffsetCurveBuilder(precisionModel, this._bufParams);
-         var curveSetBuilder = new OffsetCurveSetBuilder(g, distance, curveBuilder);
-         var bufferSegStrList = curveSetBuilder.getCurves();
-         if (bufferSegStrList.size() <= 0) {
-           return this.createEmptyResultGeometry()
-         }
-         this.computeNodedEdges(bufferSegStrList, precisionModel);
-         this._graph = new PlanarGraph(new OverlayNodeFactory());
-         this._graph.addEdges(this._edgeList.getEdges());
-         var subgraphList = this.createSubgraphs(this._graph);
-         var polyBuilder = new PolygonBuilder(this._geomFact);
-         this.buildSubgraphs(subgraphList, polyBuilder);
-         var resultPolyList = polyBuilder.getPolygons();
-         if (resultPolyList.size() <= 0) {
-           return this.createEmptyResultGeometry()
-         }
-         var resultGeom = this._geomFact.buildGeometry(resultPolyList);
-         return resultGeom
-       };
-       BufferBuilder.prototype.computeNodedEdges = function computeNodedEdges (bufferSegStrList, precisionModel) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         var noder = this.getNoder(precisionModel);
-         noder.computeNodes(bufferSegStrList);
-         var nodedSegStrings = noder.getNodedSubstrings();
-         for (var i = nodedSegStrings.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var segStr = i.next();
-           var pts = segStr.getCoordinates();
-           if (pts.length === 2 && pts[0].equals2D(pts[1])) { continue }
-           var oldLabel = segStr.getData();
-           var edge = new Edge(segStr.getCoordinates(), new Label(oldLabel));
-           this$1.insertUniqueEdge(edge);
-         }
-       };
-       BufferBuilder.prototype.setNoder = function setNoder (noder) {
-         this._workingNoder = noder;
-       };
-       BufferBuilder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       BufferBuilder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return BufferBuilder
-       };
-       BufferBuilder.depthDelta = function depthDelta (label) {
-         var lLoc = label.getLocation(0, Position.LEFT);
-         var rLoc = label.getLocation(0, Position.RIGHT);
-         if (lLoc === Location.INTERIOR && rLoc === Location.EXTERIOR) { return 1; } else if (lLoc === Location.EXTERIOR && rLoc === Location.INTERIOR) { return -1 }
-         return 0
-       };
-       BufferBuilder.convertSegStrings = function convertSegStrings (it) {
-         var fact = new GeometryFactory();
-         var lines = new ArrayList();
-         while (it.hasNext()) {
-           var ss = it.next();
-           var line = fact.createLineString(ss.getCoordinates());
-           lines.add(line);
-         }
-         return fact.buildGeometry(lines)
-       };
+       var hashes = hashes$1.exports,
+           sha1 = new hashes.SHA1(); // # xtend
 
-       var ScaledNoder = function ScaledNoder () {
-         this._noder = null;
-         this._scaleFactor = null;
-         this._offsetX = null;
-         this._offsetY = null;
-         this._isScaled = false;
-         if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var noder = arguments[0];
-           var scaleFactor = arguments[1];
-           this._noder = noder;
-           this._scaleFactor = scaleFactor;
-           this._offsetX = 0.0;
-           this._offsetY = 0.0;
-           this._isScaled = !this.isIntegerPrecision();
-         } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
-           var noder$1 = arguments[0];
-           var scaleFactor$1 = arguments[1];
-           var offsetX = arguments[2];
-           var offsetY = arguments[3];
-           this._noder = noder$1;
-           this._scaleFactor = scaleFactor$1;
-           this._offsetX = offsetX;
-           this._offsetY = offsetY;
-           this._isScaled = !this.isIntegerPrecision();
-         }
-       };
-       ScaledNoder.prototype.rescale = function rescale () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         if (hasInterface(arguments[0], Collection)) {
-           var segStrings = arguments[0];
-           for (var i = segStrings.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var ss = i.next();
-             this$1.rescale(ss.getCoordinates());
-           }
-         } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
-           var pts = arguments[0];
-           // let p0 = null
-           // let p1 = null
-           // if (pts.length === 2) {
-           // p0 = new Coordinate(pts[0])
-           // p1 = new Coordinate(pts[1])
-           // }
-           for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < pts.length; i$1++) {
-             pts[i$1].x = pts[i$1].x / this$1._scaleFactor + this$1._offsetX;
-             pts[i$1].y = pts[i$1].y / this$1._scaleFactor + this$1._offsetY;
-           }
-           if (pts.length === 2 && pts[0].equals2D(pts[1])) {
-             System.out.println(pts);
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       ScaledNoder.prototype.scale = function scale () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         if (hasInterface(arguments[0], Collection)) {
-           var segStrings = arguments[0];
-           var nodedSegmentStrings = new ArrayList();
-           for (var i = segStrings.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var ss = i.next();
-             nodedSegmentStrings.add(new NodedSegmentString(this$1.scale(ss.getCoordinates()), ss.getData()));
-           }
-           return nodedSegmentStrings
-         } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
-           var pts = arguments[0];
-           var roundPts = new Array(pts.length).fill(null);
-           for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < pts.length; i$1++) {
-             roundPts[i$1] = new Coordinate(Math.round((pts[i$1].x - this$1._offsetX) * this$1._scaleFactor), Math.round((pts[i$1].y - this$1._offsetY) * this$1._scaleFactor), pts[i$1].z);
-           }
-           var roundPtsNoDup = CoordinateArrays.removeRepeatedPoints(roundPts);
-           return roundPtsNoDup
-         }
-       };
-       ScaledNoder.prototype.isIntegerPrecision = function isIntegerPrecision () {
-         return this._scaleFactor === 1.0
-       };
-       ScaledNoder.prototype.getNodedSubstrings = function getNodedSubstrings () {
-         var splitSS = this._noder.getNodedSubstrings();
-         if (this._isScaled) { this.rescale(splitSS); }
-         return splitSS
-       };
-       ScaledNoder.prototype.computeNodes = function computeNodes (inputSegStrings) {
-         var intSegStrings = inputSegStrings;
-         if (this._isScaled) { intSegStrings = this.scale(inputSegStrings); }
-         this._noder.computeNodes(intSegStrings);
-       };
-       ScaledNoder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Noder]
-       };
-       ScaledNoder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return ScaledNoder
-       };
+       var hasOwnProperty$1 = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
 
-       var NodingValidator = function NodingValidator () {
-         this._li = new RobustLineIntersector();
-         this._segStrings = null;
-         var segStrings = arguments[0];
-         this._segStrings = segStrings;
-       };
+       function xtend$1() {
+         var target = {};
 
-       var staticAccessors$33 = { fact: { configurable: true } };
-       NodingValidator.prototype.checkEndPtVertexIntersections = function checkEndPtVertexIntersections () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+           var source = arguments[i];
 
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           for (var i = this._segStrings.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var ss = i.next();
-             var pts = ss.getCoordinates();
-             this$1.checkEndPtVertexIntersections(pts[0], this$1._segStrings);
-             this$1.checkEndPtVertexIntersections(pts[pts.length - 1], this$1._segStrings);
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var testPt = arguments[0];
-           var segStrings = arguments[1];
-           for (var i$1 = segStrings.iterator(); i$1.hasNext();) {
-             var ss$1 = i$1.next();
-             var pts$1 = ss$1.getCoordinates();
-             for (var j = 1; j < pts$1.length - 1; j++) {
-               if (pts$1[j].equals(testPt)) { throw new RuntimeException('found endpt/interior pt intersection at index ' + j + ' :pt ' + testPt) }
+           for (var key in source) {
+             if (hasOwnProperty$1.call(source, key)) {
+               target[key] = source[key];
              }
            }
          }
-       };
-       NodingValidator.prototype.checkInteriorIntersections = function checkInteriorIntersections () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           for (var i = this._segStrings.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var ss0 = i.next();
-             for (var j = this._segStrings.iterator(); j.hasNext();) {
-               var ss1 = j.next();
-               this$1.checkInteriorIntersections(ss0, ss1);
-             }
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var ss0$1 = arguments[0];
-           var ss1$1 = arguments[1];
-           var pts0 = ss0$1.getCoordinates();
-           var pts1 = ss1$1.getCoordinates();
-           for (var i0 = 0; i0 < pts0.length - 1; i0++) {
-             for (var i1 = 0; i1 < pts1.length - 1; i1++) {
-               this$1.checkInteriorIntersections(ss0$1, i0, ss1$1, i1);
-             }
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
-           var e0 = arguments[0];
-           var segIndex0 = arguments[1];
-           var e1 = arguments[2];
-           var segIndex1 = arguments[3];
-           if (e0 === e1 && segIndex0 === segIndex1) { return null }
-           var p00 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0];
-           var p01 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0 + 1];
-           var p10 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1];
-           var p11 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1 + 1];
-           this._li.computeIntersection(p00, p01, p10, p11);
-           if (this._li.hasIntersection()) {
-             if (this._li.isProper() || this.hasInteriorIntersection(this._li, p00, p01) || this.hasInteriorIntersection(this._li, p10, p11)) {
-               throw new RuntimeException('found non-noded intersection at ' + p00 + '-' + p01 + ' and ' + p10 + '-' + p11)
-             }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       NodingValidator.prototype.checkValid = function checkValid () {
-         this.checkEndPtVertexIntersections();
-         this.checkInteriorIntersections();
-         this.checkCollapses();
-       };
-       NodingValidator.prototype.checkCollapses = function checkCollapses () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           for (var i = this._segStrings.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var ss = i.next();
-             this$1.checkCollapses(ss);
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var ss$1 = arguments[0];
-           var pts = ss$1.getCoordinates();
-           for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < pts.length - 2; i$1++) {
-             this$1.checkCollapse(pts[i$1], pts[i$1 + 1], pts[i$1 + 2]);
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       NodingValidator.prototype.hasInteriorIntersection = function hasInteriorIntersection (li, p0, p1) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < li.getIntersectionNum(); i++) {
-           var intPt = li.getIntersection(i);
-           if (!(intPt.equals(p0) || intPt.equals(p1))) { return true }
-         }
-         return false
-       };
-       NodingValidator.prototype.checkCollapse = function checkCollapse (p0, p1, p2) {
-         if (p0.equals(p2)) { throw new RuntimeException('found non-noded collapse at ' + NodingValidator.fact.createLineString([p0, p1, p2])) }
-       };
-       NodingValidator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       NodingValidator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return NodingValidator
-       };
-       staticAccessors$33.fact.get = function () { return new GeometryFactory() };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( NodingValidator, staticAccessors$33 );
-
-       var HotPixel = function HotPixel () {
-         this._li = null;
-         this._pt = null;
-         this._originalPt = null;
-         this._ptScaled = null;
-         this._p0Scaled = null;
-         this._p1Scaled = null;
-         this._scaleFactor = null;
-         this._minx = null;
-         this._maxx = null;
-         this._miny = null;
-         this._maxy = null;
-         this._corner = new Array(4).fill(null);
-         this._safeEnv = null;
-         var pt = arguments[0];
-         var scaleFactor = arguments[1];
-         var li = arguments[2];
-         this._originalPt = pt;
-         this._pt = pt;
-         this._scaleFactor = scaleFactor;
-         this._li = li;
-         if (scaleFactor <= 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Scale factor must be non-zero') }
-         if (scaleFactor !== 1.0) {
-           this._pt = new Coordinate(this.scale(pt.x), this.scale(pt.y));
-           this._p0Scaled = new Coordinate();
-           this._p1Scaled = new Coordinate();
-         }
-         this.initCorners(this._pt);
-       };
 
-       var staticAccessors$34 = { SAFE_ENV_EXPANSION_FACTOR: { configurable: true } };
-       HotPixel.prototype.intersectsScaled = function intersectsScaled (p0, p1) {
-         var segMinx = Math.min(p0.x, p1.x);
-         var segMaxx = Math.max(p0.x, p1.x);
-         var segMiny = Math.min(p0.y, p1.y);
-         var segMaxy = Math.max(p0.y, p1.y);
-         var isOutsidePixelEnv = this._maxx < segMinx || this._minx > segMaxx || this._maxy < segMiny || this._miny > segMaxy;
-         if (isOutsidePixelEnv) { return false }
-         var intersects = this.intersectsToleranceSquare(p0, p1);
-         Assert.isTrue(!(isOutsidePixelEnv && intersects), 'Found bad envelope test');
-         return intersects
-       };
-       HotPixel.prototype.initCorners = function initCorners (pt) {
-         var tolerance = 0.5;
-         this._minx = pt.x - tolerance;
-         this._maxx = pt.x + tolerance;
-         this._miny = pt.y - tolerance;
-         this._maxy = pt.y + tolerance;
-         this._corner[0] = new Coordinate(this._maxx, this._maxy);
-         this._corner[1] = new Coordinate(this._minx, this._maxy);
-         this._corner[2] = new Coordinate(this._minx, this._miny);
-         this._corner[3] = new Coordinate(this._maxx, this._miny);
-       };
-       HotPixel.prototype.intersects = function intersects (p0, p1) {
-         if (this._scaleFactor === 1.0) { return this.intersectsScaled(p0, p1) }
-         this.copyScaled(p0, this._p0Scaled);
-         this.copyScaled(p1, this._p1Scaled);
-         return this.intersectsScaled(this._p0Scaled, this._p1Scaled)
-       };
-       HotPixel.prototype.scale = function scale (val) {
-         return Math.round(val * this._scaleFactor)
-       };
-       HotPixel.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-         return this._originalPt
-       };
-       HotPixel.prototype.copyScaled = function copyScaled (p, pScaled) {
-         pScaled.x = this.scale(p.x);
-         pScaled.y = this.scale(p.y);
-       };
-       HotPixel.prototype.getSafeEnvelope = function getSafeEnvelope () {
-         if (this._safeEnv === null) {
-           var safeTolerance = HotPixel.SAFE_ENV_EXPANSION_FACTOR / this._scaleFactor;
-           this._safeEnv = new Envelope(this._originalPt.x - safeTolerance, this._originalPt.x + safeTolerance, this._originalPt.y - safeTolerance, this._originalPt.y + safeTolerance);
-         }
-         return this._safeEnv
-       };
-       HotPixel.prototype.intersectsPixelClosure = function intersectsPixelClosure (p0, p1) {
-         this._li.computeIntersection(p0, p1, this._corner[0], this._corner[1]);
-         if (this._li.hasIntersection()) { return true }
-         this._li.computeIntersection(p0, p1, this._corner[1], this._corner[2]);
-         if (this._li.hasIntersection()) { return true }
-         this._li.computeIntersection(p0, p1, this._corner[2], this._corner[3]);
-         if (this._li.hasIntersection()) { return true }
-         this._li.computeIntersection(p0, p1, this._corner[3], this._corner[0]);
-         if (this._li.hasIntersection()) { return true }
-         return false
-       };
-       HotPixel.prototype.intersectsToleranceSquare = function intersectsToleranceSquare (p0, p1) {
-         var intersectsLeft = false;
-         var intersectsBottom = false;
-         this._li.computeIntersection(p0, p1, this._corner[0], this._corner[1]);
-         if (this._li.isProper()) { return true }
-         this._li.computeIntersection(p0, p1, this._corner[1], this._corner[2]);
-         if (this._li.isProper()) { return true }
-         if (this._li.hasIntersection()) { intersectsLeft = true; }
-         this._li.computeIntersection(p0, p1, this._corner[2], this._corner[3]);
-         if (this._li.isProper()) { return true }
-         if (this._li.hasIntersection()) { intersectsBottom = true; }
-         this._li.computeIntersection(p0, p1, this._corner[3], this._corner[0]);
-         if (this._li.isProper()) { return true }
-         if (intersectsLeft && intersectsBottom) { return true }
-         if (p0.equals(this._pt)) { return true }
-         if (p1.equals(this._pt)) { return true }
-         return false
-       };
-       HotPixel.prototype.addSnappedNode = function addSnappedNode (segStr, segIndex) {
-         var p0 = segStr.getCoordinate(segIndex);
-         var p1 = segStr.getCoordinate(segIndex + 1);
-         if (this.intersects(p0, p1)) {
-           segStr.addIntersection(this.getCoordinate(), segIndex);
-           return true
-         }
-         return false
-       };
-       HotPixel.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       HotPixel.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return HotPixel
-       };
-       staticAccessors$34.SAFE_ENV_EXPANSION_FACTOR.get = function () { return 0.75 };
+         return target;
+       }
 
-       Object.defineProperties( HotPixel, staticAccessors$34 );
+       var ohauth$1 = {};
 
-       var MonotoneChainSelectAction = function MonotoneChainSelectAction () {
-         this.tempEnv1 = new Envelope();
-         this.selectedSegment = new LineSegment();
-       };
-       MonotoneChainSelectAction.prototype.select = function select () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) ; else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var mc = arguments[0];
-           var startIndex = arguments[1];
-           mc.getLineSegment(startIndex, this.selectedSegment);
-           this.select(this.selectedSegment);
-         }
-       };
-       MonotoneChainSelectAction.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       MonotoneChainSelectAction.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return MonotoneChainSelectAction
+       ohauth$1.qsString = function (obj) {
+         return Object.keys(obj).sort().map(function (key) {
+           return ohauth$1.percentEncode(key) + '=' + ohauth$1.percentEncode(obj[key]);
+         }).join('&');
        };
 
-       var MCIndexPointSnapper = function MCIndexPointSnapper () {
-         this._index = null;
-         var index = arguments[0];
-         this._index = index;
+       ohauth$1.stringQs = function (str) {
+         return str.split('&').filter(function (pair) {
+           return pair !== '';
+         }).reduce(function (obj, pair) {
+           var parts = pair.split('=');
+           obj[decodeURIComponent(parts[0])] = null === parts[1] ? '' : decodeURIComponent(parts[1]);
+           return obj;
+         }, {});
        };
 
-       var staticAccessors$35 = { HotPixelSnapAction: { configurable: true } };
-       MCIndexPointSnapper.prototype.snap = function snap () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var hotPixel = arguments[0];
-           return this.snap(hotPixel, null, -1)
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var hotPixel$1 = arguments[0];
-           var parentEdge = arguments[1];
-           var hotPixelVertexIndex = arguments[2];
-           var pixelEnv = hotPixel$1.getSafeEnvelope();
-           var hotPixelSnapAction = new HotPixelSnapAction(hotPixel$1, parentEdge, hotPixelVertexIndex);
-           this._index.query(pixelEnv, {
-             interfaces_: function () {
-               return [ItemVisitor]
-             },
-             visitItem: function (item) {
-               var testChain = item;
-               testChain.select(pixelEnv, hotPixelSnapAction);
-             }
-           });
-           return hotPixelSnapAction.isNodeAdded()
-         }
-       };
-       MCIndexPointSnapper.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       MCIndexPointSnapper.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return MCIndexPointSnapper
-       };
-       staticAccessors$35.HotPixelSnapAction.get = function () { return HotPixelSnapAction };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( MCIndexPointSnapper, staticAccessors$35 );
-
-       var HotPixelSnapAction = (function (MonotoneChainSelectAction$$1) {
-         function HotPixelSnapAction () {
-           MonotoneChainSelectAction$$1.call(this);
-           this._hotPixel = null;
-           this._parentEdge = null;
-           this._hotPixelVertexIndex = null;
-           this._isNodeAdded = false;
-           var hotPixel = arguments[0];
-           var parentEdge = arguments[1];
-           var hotPixelVertexIndex = arguments[2];
-           this._hotPixel = hotPixel;
-           this._parentEdge = parentEdge;
-           this._hotPixelVertexIndex = hotPixelVertexIndex;
-         }
-
-         if ( MonotoneChainSelectAction$$1 ) HotPixelSnapAction.__proto__ = MonotoneChainSelectAction$$1;
-         HotPixelSnapAction.prototype = Object.create( MonotoneChainSelectAction$$1 && MonotoneChainSelectAction$$1.prototype );
-         HotPixelSnapAction.prototype.constructor = HotPixelSnapAction;
-         HotPixelSnapAction.prototype.isNodeAdded = function isNodeAdded () {
-           return this._isNodeAdded
-         };
-         HotPixelSnapAction.prototype.select = function select () {
-           if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var mc = arguments[0];
-             var startIndex = arguments[1];
-             var ss = mc.getContext();
-             if (this._parentEdge !== null) {
-               if (ss === this._parentEdge && startIndex === this._hotPixelVertexIndex) { return null }
-             }
-             this._isNodeAdded = this._hotPixel.addSnappedNode(ss, startIndex);
-           } else { return MonotoneChainSelectAction$$1.prototype.select.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         HotPixelSnapAction.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         HotPixelSnapAction.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return HotPixelSnapAction
-         };
-
-         return HotPixelSnapAction;
-       }(MonotoneChainSelectAction));
-
-       var InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder = function InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder () {
-         this._li = null;
-         this._interiorIntersections = null;
-         var li = arguments[0];
-         this._li = li;
-         this._interiorIntersections = new ArrayList();
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder.prototype.processIntersections = function processIntersections (e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+       ohauth$1.rawxhr = function (method, url, data, headers, callback) {
+         var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(),
+             twoHundred = /^20\d$/;
 
-         if (e0 === e1 && segIndex0 === segIndex1) { return null }
-         var p00 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0];
-         var p01 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0 + 1];
-         var p10 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1];
-         var p11 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1 + 1];
-         this._li.computeIntersection(p00, p01, p10, p11);
-         if (this._li.hasIntersection()) {
-           if (this._li.isInteriorIntersection()) {
-             for (var intIndex = 0; intIndex < this._li.getIntersectionNum(); intIndex++) {
-               this$1._interiorIntersections.add(this$1._li.getIntersection(intIndex));
-             }
-             e0.addIntersections(this._li, segIndex0, 0);
-             e1.addIntersections(this._li, segIndex1, 1);
+         xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
+           if (4 === xhr.readyState && 0 !== xhr.status) {
+             if (twoHundred.test(xhr.status)) callback(null, xhr);else return callback(xhr, null);
            }
-         }
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {
-         return false
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder.prototype.getInteriorIntersections = function getInteriorIntersections () {
-         return this._interiorIntersections
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [SegmentIntersector]
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder
-       };
+         };
 
-       var MCIndexSnapRounder = function MCIndexSnapRounder () {
-         this._pm = null;
-         this._li = null;
-         this._scaleFactor = null;
-         this._noder = null;
-         this._pointSnapper = null;
-         this._nodedSegStrings = null;
-         var pm = arguments[0];
-         this._pm = pm;
-         this._li = new RobustLineIntersector();
-         this._li.setPrecisionModel(pm);
-         this._scaleFactor = pm.getScale();
-       };
-       MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.checkCorrectness = function checkCorrectness (inputSegmentStrings) {
-         var resultSegStrings = NodedSegmentString.getNodedSubstrings(inputSegmentStrings);
-         var nv = new NodingValidator(resultSegStrings);
-         try {
-           nv.checkValid();
-         } catch (ex) {
-           if (ex instanceof Exception) {
-             ex.printStackTrace();
-           } else { throw ex }
-         } finally {}
-       };
-       MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.getNodedSubstrings = function getNodedSubstrings () {
-         return NodedSegmentString.getNodedSubstrings(this._nodedSegStrings)
-       };
-       MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.snapRound = function snapRound (segStrings, li) {
-         var intersections = this.findInteriorIntersections(segStrings, li);
-         this.computeIntersectionSnaps(intersections);
-         this.computeVertexSnaps(segStrings);
-       };
-       MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.findInteriorIntersections = function findInteriorIntersections (segStrings, li) {
-         var intFinderAdder = new InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder(li);
-         this._noder.setSegmentIntersector(intFinderAdder);
-         this._noder.computeNodes(segStrings);
-         return intFinderAdder.getInteriorIntersections()
-       };
-       MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.computeVertexSnaps = function computeVertexSnaps () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         xhr.onerror = function (e) {
+           return callback(e, null);
+         };
 
-         if (hasInterface(arguments[0], Collection)) {
-           var edges = arguments[0];
-           for (var i0 = edges.iterator(); i0.hasNext();) {
-             var edge0 = i0.next();
-             this$1.computeVertexSnaps(edge0);
-           }
-         } else if (arguments[0] instanceof NodedSegmentString) {
-           var e = arguments[0];
-           var pts0 = e.getCoordinates();
-           for (var i = 0; i < pts0.length; i++) {
-             var hotPixel = new HotPixel(pts0[i], this$1._scaleFactor, this$1._li);
-             var isNodeAdded = this$1._pointSnapper.snap(hotPixel, e, i);
-             if (isNodeAdded) {
-               e.addIntersection(pts0[i], i);
-             }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.computeNodes = function computeNodes (inputSegmentStrings) {
-         this._nodedSegStrings = inputSegmentStrings;
-         this._noder = new MCIndexNoder();
-         this._pointSnapper = new MCIndexPointSnapper(this._noder.getIndex());
-         this.snapRound(inputSegmentStrings, this._li);
-       };
-       MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.computeIntersectionSnaps = function computeIntersectionSnaps (snapPts) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         xhr.open(method, url, true);
 
-         for (var it = snapPts.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var snapPt = it.next();
-           var hotPixel = new HotPixel(snapPt, this$1._scaleFactor, this$1._li);
-           this$1._pointSnapper.snap(hotPixel);
+         for (var h in headers) {
+           xhr.setRequestHeader(h, headers[h]);
          }
-       };
-       MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Noder]
-       };
-       MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return MCIndexSnapRounder
-       };
 
-       var BufferOp = function BufferOp () {
-         this._argGeom = null;
-         this._distance = null;
-         this._bufParams = new BufferParameters();
-         this._resultGeometry = null;
-         this._saveException = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var g = arguments[0];
-           this._argGeom = g;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var g$1 = arguments[0];
-           var bufParams = arguments[1];
-           this._argGeom = g$1;
-           this._bufParams = bufParams;
-         }
+         xhr.send(data);
+         return xhr;
        };
 
-       var staticAccessors$32 = { CAP_ROUND: { configurable: true },CAP_BUTT: { configurable: true },CAP_FLAT: { configurable: true },CAP_SQUARE: { configurable: true },MAX_PRECISION_DIGITS: { configurable: true } };
-       BufferOp.prototype.bufferFixedPrecision = function bufferFixedPrecision (fixedPM) {
-         var noder = new ScaledNoder(new MCIndexSnapRounder(new PrecisionModel(1.0)), fixedPM.getScale());
-         var bufBuilder = new BufferBuilder(this._bufParams);
-         bufBuilder.setWorkingPrecisionModel(fixedPM);
-         bufBuilder.setNoder(noder);
-         this._resultGeometry = bufBuilder.buffer(this._argGeom, this._distance);
+       ohauth$1.xhr = function (method, url, auth, data, options, callback) {
+         var headers = options && options.header || {
+           'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+         };
+         headers.Authorization = 'OAuth ' + ohauth$1.authHeader(auth);
+         return ohauth$1.rawxhr(method, url, data, headers, callback);
        };
-       BufferOp.prototype.bufferReducedPrecision = function bufferReducedPrecision () {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           for (var precDigits = BufferOp.MAX_PRECISION_DIGITS; precDigits >= 0; precDigits--) {
-             try {
-               this$1.bufferReducedPrecision(precDigits);
-             } catch (ex) {
-               if (ex instanceof TopologyException) {
-                 this$1._saveException = ex;
-               } else { throw ex }
-             } finally {}
-             if (this$1._resultGeometry !== null) { return null }
-           }
-           throw this._saveException
-         } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var precisionDigits = arguments[0];
-           var sizeBasedScaleFactor = BufferOp.precisionScaleFactor(this._argGeom, this._distance, precisionDigits);
-           var fixedPM = new PrecisionModel(sizeBasedScaleFactor);
-           this.bufferFixedPrecision(fixedPM);
-         }
-       };
-       BufferOp.prototype.computeGeometry = function computeGeometry () {
-         this.bufferOriginalPrecision();
-         if (this._resultGeometry !== null) { return null }
-         var argPM = this._argGeom.getFactory().getPrecisionModel();
-         if (argPM.getType() === PrecisionModel.FIXED) { this.bufferFixedPrecision(argPM); } else { this.bufferReducedPrecision(); }
-       };
-       BufferOp.prototype.setQuadrantSegments = function setQuadrantSegments (quadrantSegments) {
-         this._bufParams.setQuadrantSegments(quadrantSegments);
-       };
-       BufferOp.prototype.bufferOriginalPrecision = function bufferOriginalPrecision () {
-         try {
-           var bufBuilder = new BufferBuilder(this._bufParams);
-           this._resultGeometry = bufBuilder.buffer(this._argGeom, this._distance);
-         } catch (ex) {
-           if (ex instanceof RuntimeException) {
-             this._saveException = ex;
-           } else { throw ex }
-         } finally {}
-       };
-       BufferOp.prototype.getResultGeometry = function getResultGeometry (distance) {
-         this._distance = distance;
-         this.computeGeometry();
-         return this._resultGeometry
-       };
-       BufferOp.prototype.setEndCapStyle = function setEndCapStyle (endCapStyle) {
-         this._bufParams.setEndCapStyle(endCapStyle);
-       };
-       BufferOp.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       BufferOp.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return BufferOp
-       };
-       BufferOp.bufferOp = function bufferOp () {
-         if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var g = arguments[0];
-           var distance = arguments[1];
-           var gBuf = new BufferOp(g);
-           var geomBuf = gBuf.getResultGeometry(distance);
-           return geomBuf
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           if (Number.isInteger(arguments[2]) && (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry && typeof arguments[1] === 'number')) {
-             var g$1 = arguments[0];
-             var distance$1 = arguments[1];
-             var quadrantSegments = arguments[2];
-             var bufOp = new BufferOp(g$1);
-             bufOp.setQuadrantSegments(quadrantSegments);
-             var geomBuf$1 = bufOp.getResultGeometry(distance$1);
-             return geomBuf$1
-           } else if (arguments[2] instanceof BufferParameters && (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry && typeof arguments[1] === 'number')) {
-             var g$2 = arguments[0];
-             var distance$2 = arguments[1];
-             var params = arguments[2];
-             var bufOp$1 = new BufferOp(g$2, params);
-             var geomBuf$2 = bufOp$1.getResultGeometry(distance$2);
-             return geomBuf$2
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
-           var g$3 = arguments[0];
-           var distance$3 = arguments[1];
-           var quadrantSegments$1 = arguments[2];
-           var endCapStyle = arguments[3];
-           var bufOp$2 = new BufferOp(g$3);
-           bufOp$2.setQuadrantSegments(quadrantSegments$1);
-           bufOp$2.setEndCapStyle(endCapStyle);
-           var geomBuf$3 = bufOp$2.getResultGeometry(distance$3);
-           return geomBuf$3
-         }
-       };
-       BufferOp.precisionScaleFactor = function precisionScaleFactor (g, distance, maxPrecisionDigits) {
-         var env = g.getEnvelopeInternal();
-         var envMax = MathUtil.max(Math.abs(env.getMaxX()), Math.abs(env.getMaxY()), Math.abs(env.getMinX()), Math.abs(env.getMinY()));
-         var expandByDistance = distance > 0.0 ? distance : 0.0;
-         var bufEnvMax = envMax + 2 * expandByDistance;
-         var bufEnvPrecisionDigits = Math.trunc(Math.log(bufEnvMax) / Math.log(10) + 1.0);
-         var minUnitLog10 = maxPrecisionDigits - bufEnvPrecisionDigits;
-         var scaleFactor = Math.pow(10.0, minUnitLog10);
-         return scaleFactor
-       };
-       staticAccessors$32.CAP_ROUND.get = function () { return BufferParameters.CAP_ROUND };
-       staticAccessors$32.CAP_BUTT.get = function () { return BufferParameters.CAP_FLAT };
-       staticAccessors$32.CAP_FLAT.get = function () { return BufferParameters.CAP_FLAT };
-       staticAccessors$32.CAP_SQUARE.get = function () { return BufferParameters.CAP_SQUARE };
-       staticAccessors$32.MAX_PRECISION_DIGITS.get = function () { return 12 };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( BufferOp, staticAccessors$32 );
-
-       var PointPairDistance = function PointPairDistance () {
-         this._pt = [new Coordinate(), new Coordinate()];
-         this._distance = Double.NaN;
-         this._isNull = true;
-       };
-       PointPairDistance.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
-         return this._pt
-       };
-       PointPairDistance.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate (i) {
-         return this._pt[i]
-       };
-       PointPairDistance.prototype.setMinimum = function setMinimum () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var ptDist = arguments[0];
-           this.setMinimum(ptDist._pt[0], ptDist._pt[1]);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var p0 = arguments[0];
-           var p1 = arguments[1];
-           if (this._isNull) {
-             this.initialize(p0, p1);
-             return null
-           }
-           var dist = p0.distance(p1);
-           if (dist < this._distance) { this.initialize(p0, p1, dist); }
-         }
-       };
-       PointPairDistance.prototype.initialize = function initialize () {
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           this._isNull = true;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var p0 = arguments[0];
-           var p1 = arguments[1];
-           this._pt[0].setCoordinate(p0);
-           this._pt[1].setCoordinate(p1);
-           this._distance = p0.distance(p1);
-           this._isNull = false;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var p0$1 = arguments[0];
-           var p1$1 = arguments[1];
-           var distance = arguments[2];
-           this._pt[0].setCoordinate(p0$1);
-           this._pt[1].setCoordinate(p1$1);
-           this._distance = distance;
-           this._isNull = false;
-         }
-       };
-       PointPairDistance.prototype.getDistance = function getDistance () {
-         return this._distance
-       };
-       PointPairDistance.prototype.setMaximum = function setMaximum () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var ptDist = arguments[0];
-           this.setMaximum(ptDist._pt[0], ptDist._pt[1]);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var p0 = arguments[0];
-           var p1 = arguments[1];
-           if (this._isNull) {
-             this.initialize(p0, p1);
-             return null
-           }
-           var dist = p0.distance(p1);
-           if (dist > this._distance) { this.initialize(p0, p1, dist); }
+       ohauth$1.nonce = function () {
+         for (var o = ''; o.length < 6;) {
+           o += '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXTZabcdefghiklmnopqrstuvwxyz'[Math.floor(Math.random() * 61)];
          }
-       };
-       PointPairDistance.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       PointPairDistance.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return PointPairDistance
-       };
-
-       var DistanceToPointFinder = function DistanceToPointFinder () {};
 
-       DistanceToPointFinder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       DistanceToPointFinder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return DistanceToPointFinder
-       };
-       DistanceToPointFinder.computeDistance = function computeDistance () {
-         if (arguments[2] instanceof PointPairDistance && (arguments[0] instanceof LineString && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
-           var line = arguments[0];
-           var pt = arguments[1];
-           var ptDist = arguments[2];
-           var coords = line.getCoordinates();
-           var tempSegment = new LineSegment();
-           for (var i = 0; i < coords.length - 1; i++) {
-             tempSegment.setCoordinates(coords[i], coords[i + 1]);
-             var closestPt = tempSegment.closestPoint(pt);
-             ptDist.setMinimum(closestPt, pt);
-           }
-         } else if (arguments[2] instanceof PointPairDistance && (arguments[0] instanceof Polygon && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
-           var poly = arguments[0];
-           var pt$1 = arguments[1];
-           var ptDist$1 = arguments[2];
-           DistanceToPointFinder.computeDistance(poly.getExteriorRing(), pt$1, ptDist$1);
-           for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < poly.getNumInteriorRing(); i$1++) {
-             DistanceToPointFinder.computeDistance(poly.getInteriorRingN(i$1), pt$1, ptDist$1);
-           }
-         } else if (arguments[2] instanceof PointPairDistance && (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
-           var geom = arguments[0];
-           var pt$2 = arguments[1];
-           var ptDist$2 = arguments[2];
-           if (geom instanceof LineString) {
-             DistanceToPointFinder.computeDistance(geom, pt$2, ptDist$2);
-           } else if (geom instanceof Polygon) {
-             DistanceToPointFinder.computeDistance(geom, pt$2, ptDist$2);
-           } else if (geom instanceof GeometryCollection) {
-             var gc = geom;
-             for (var i$2 = 0; i$2 < gc.getNumGeometries(); i$2++) {
-               var g = gc.getGeometryN(i$2);
-               DistanceToPointFinder.computeDistance(g, pt$2, ptDist$2);
-             }
-           } else {
-             ptDist$2.setMinimum(geom.getCoordinate(), pt$2);
-           }
-         } else if (arguments[2] instanceof PointPairDistance && (arguments[0] instanceof LineSegment && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
-           var segment = arguments[0];
-           var pt$3 = arguments[1];
-           var ptDist$3 = arguments[2];
-           var closestPt$1 = segment.closestPoint(pt$3);
-           ptDist$3.setMinimum(closestPt$1, pt$3);
-         }
+         return o;
        };
 
-       var BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder = function BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder (inputGeom) {
-         this._maxPtDist = new PointPairDistance();
-         this._inputGeom = inputGeom || null;
+       ohauth$1.authHeader = function (obj) {
+         return Object.keys(obj).sort().map(function (key) {
+           return encodeURIComponent(key) + '="' + encodeURIComponent(obj[key]) + '"';
+         }).join(', ');
        };
 
-       var staticAccessors$36 = { MaxPointDistanceFilter: { configurable: true },MaxMidpointDistanceFilter: { configurable: true } };
-       BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder.prototype.computeMaxMidpointDistance = function computeMaxMidpointDistance (curve) {
-         var distFilter = new MaxMidpointDistanceFilter(this._inputGeom);
-         curve.apply(distFilter);
-         this._maxPtDist.setMaximum(distFilter.getMaxPointDistance());
-       };
-       BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder.prototype.computeMaxVertexDistance = function computeMaxVertexDistance (curve) {
-         var distFilter = new MaxPointDistanceFilter(this._inputGeom);
-         curve.apply(distFilter);
-         this._maxPtDist.setMaximum(distFilter.getMaxPointDistance());
-       };
-       BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder.prototype.findDistance = function findDistance (bufferCurve) {
-         this.computeMaxVertexDistance(bufferCurve);
-         this.computeMaxMidpointDistance(bufferCurve);
-         return this._maxPtDist.getDistance()
+       ohauth$1.timestamp = function () {
+         return ~~(+new Date() / 1000);
        };
-       BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder.prototype.getDistancePoints = function getDistancePoints () {
-         return this._maxPtDist
-       };
-       BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder
-       };
-       staticAccessors$36.MaxPointDistanceFilter.get = function () { return MaxPointDistanceFilter };
-       staticAccessors$36.MaxMidpointDistanceFilter.get = function () { return MaxMidpointDistanceFilter };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder, staticAccessors$36 );
 
-       var MaxPointDistanceFilter = function MaxPointDistanceFilter (geom) {
-         this._maxPtDist = new PointPairDistance();
-         this._minPtDist = new PointPairDistance();
-         this._geom = geom || null;
-       };
-       MaxPointDistanceFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (pt) {
-         this._minPtDist.initialize();
-         DistanceToPointFinder.computeDistance(this._geom, pt, this._minPtDist);
-         this._maxPtDist.setMaximum(this._minPtDist);
-       };
-       MaxPointDistanceFilter.prototype.getMaxPointDistance = function getMaxPointDistance () {
-         return this._maxPtDist
-       };
-       MaxPointDistanceFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [CoordinateFilter]
-       };
-       MaxPointDistanceFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return MaxPointDistanceFilter
+       ohauth$1.percentEncode = function (s) {
+         return encodeURIComponent(s).replace(/\!/g, '%21').replace(/\'/g, '%27').replace(/\*/g, '%2A').replace(/\(/g, '%28').replace(/\)/g, '%29');
        };
 
-       var MaxMidpointDistanceFilter = function MaxMidpointDistanceFilter (geom) {
-         this._maxPtDist = new PointPairDistance();
-         this._minPtDist = new PointPairDistance();
-         this._geom = geom || null;
-       };
-       MaxMidpointDistanceFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (seq, index) {
-         if (index === 0) { return null }
-         var p0 = seq.getCoordinate(index - 1);
-         var p1 = seq.getCoordinate(index);
-         var midPt = new Coordinate((p0.x + p1.x) / 2, (p0.y + p1.y) / 2);
-         this._minPtDist.initialize();
-         DistanceToPointFinder.computeDistance(this._geom, midPt, this._minPtDist);
-         this._maxPtDist.setMaximum(this._minPtDist);
-       };
-       MaxMidpointDistanceFilter.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {
-         return false
-       };
-       MaxMidpointDistanceFilter.prototype.isGeometryChanged = function isGeometryChanged () {
-         return false
-       };
-       MaxMidpointDistanceFilter.prototype.getMaxPointDistance = function getMaxPointDistance () {
-         return this._maxPtDist
-       };
-       MaxMidpointDistanceFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [CoordinateSequenceFilter]
-       };
-       MaxMidpointDistanceFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return MaxMidpointDistanceFilter
+       ohauth$1.baseString = function (method, url, params) {
+         if (params.oauth_signature) delete params.oauth_signature;
+         return [method, ohauth$1.percentEncode(url), ohauth$1.percentEncode(ohauth$1.qsString(params))].join('&');
        };
 
-       var PolygonExtracter = function PolygonExtracter (comps) {
-         this._comps = comps || null;
-       };
-       PolygonExtracter.prototype.filter = function filter (geom) {
-         if (geom instanceof Polygon) { this._comps.add(geom); }
-       };
-       PolygonExtracter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [GeometryFilter]
-       };
-       PolygonExtracter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return PolygonExtracter
-       };
-       PolygonExtracter.getPolygons = function getPolygons () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var geom = arguments[0];
-           return PolygonExtracter.getPolygons(geom, new ArrayList())
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var geom$1 = arguments[0];
-           var list = arguments[1];
-           if (geom$1 instanceof Polygon) {
-             list.add(geom$1);
-           } else if (geom$1 instanceof GeometryCollection) {
-             geom$1.apply(new PolygonExtracter(list));
-           }
-           return list
-         }
+       ohauth$1.signature = function (oauth_secret, token_secret, baseString) {
+         return sha1.b64_hmac(ohauth$1.percentEncode(oauth_secret) + '&' + ohauth$1.percentEncode(token_secret), baseString);
        };
+       /**
+        * Takes an options object for configuration (consumer_key,
+        * consumer_secret, version, signature_method, token, token_secret)
+        * and returns a function that generates the Authorization header
+        * for given data.
+        *
+        * The returned function takes these parameters:
+        * - method: GET/POST/...
+        * - uri: full URI with protocol, port, path and query string
+        * - extra_params: any extra parameters (that are passed in the POST data),
+        *   can be an object or a from-urlencoded string.
+        *
+        * Returned function returns full OAuth header with "OAuth" string in it.
+        */
 
-       var LinearComponentExtracter = function LinearComponentExtracter () {
-         this._lines = null;
-         this._isForcedToLineString = false;
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var lines = arguments[0];
-           this._lines = lines;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var lines$1 = arguments[0];
-           var isForcedToLineString = arguments[1];
-           this._lines = lines$1;
-           this._isForcedToLineString = isForcedToLineString;
-         }
-       };
-       LinearComponentExtracter.prototype.filter = function filter (geom) {
-         if (this._isForcedToLineString && geom instanceof LinearRing) {
-           var line = geom.getFactory().createLineString(geom.getCoordinateSequence());
-           this._lines.add(line);
-           return null
-         }
-         if (geom instanceof LineString) { this._lines.add(geom); }
-       };
-       LinearComponentExtracter.prototype.setForceToLineString = function setForceToLineString (isForcedToLineString) {
-         this._isForcedToLineString = isForcedToLineString;
-       };
-       LinearComponentExtracter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [GeometryComponentFilter]
-       };
-       LinearComponentExtracter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return LinearComponentExtracter
-       };
-       LinearComponentExtracter.getGeometry = function getGeometry () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var geom = arguments[0];
-           return geom.getFactory().buildGeometry(LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(geom))
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var geom$1 = arguments[0];
-           var forceToLineString = arguments[1];
-           return geom$1.getFactory().buildGeometry(LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(geom$1, forceToLineString))
-         }
-       };
-       LinearComponentExtracter.getLines = function getLines () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var geom = arguments[0];
-           return LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(geom, false)
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           if (hasInterface(arguments[0], Collection) && hasInterface(arguments[1], Collection)) {
-             var geoms = arguments[0];
-             var lines$1 = arguments[1];
-             for (var i = geoms.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-               var g = i.next();
-               LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(g, lines$1);
-             }
-             return lines$1
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry && typeof arguments[1] === 'boolean') {
-             var geom$1 = arguments[0];
-             var forceToLineString = arguments[1];
-             var lines = new ArrayList();
-             geom$1.apply(new LinearComponentExtracter(lines, forceToLineString));
-             return lines
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry && hasInterface(arguments[1], Collection)) {
-             var geom$2 = arguments[0];
-             var lines$2 = arguments[1];
-             if (geom$2 instanceof LineString) {
-               lines$2.add(geom$2);
-             } else {
-               geom$2.apply(new LinearComponentExtracter(lines$2));
-             }
-             return lines$2
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           if (typeof arguments[2] === 'boolean' && (hasInterface(arguments[0], Collection) && hasInterface(arguments[1], Collection))) {
-             var geoms$1 = arguments[0];
-             var lines$3 = arguments[1];
-             var forceToLineString$1 = arguments[2];
-             for (var i$1 = geoms$1.iterator(); i$1.hasNext();) {
-               var g$1 = i$1.next();
-               LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(g$1, lines$3, forceToLineString$1);
-             }
-             return lines$3
-           } else if (typeof arguments[2] === 'boolean' && (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry && hasInterface(arguments[1], Collection))) {
-             var geom$3 = arguments[0];
-             var lines$4 = arguments[1];
-             var forceToLineString$2 = arguments[2];
-             geom$3.apply(new LinearComponentExtracter(lines$4, forceToLineString$2));
-             return lines$4
-           }
-         }
-       };
 
-       var PointLocator = function PointLocator () {
-         this._boundaryRule = BoundaryNodeRule.OGC_SFS_BOUNDARY_RULE;
-         this._isIn = null;
-         this._numBoundaries = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 0) ; else if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var boundaryRule = arguments[0];
-           if (boundaryRule === null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Rule must be non-null') }
-           this._boundaryRule = boundaryRule;
-         }
-       };
-       PointLocator.prototype.locateInternal = function locateInternal () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && arguments[1] instanceof Polygon) {
-           var p = arguments[0];
-           var poly = arguments[1];
-           if (poly.isEmpty()) { return Location.EXTERIOR }
-           var shell = poly.getExteriorRing();
-           var shellLoc = this.locateInPolygonRing(p, shell);
-           if (shellLoc === Location.EXTERIOR) { return Location.EXTERIOR }
-           if (shellLoc === Location.BOUNDARY) { return Location.BOUNDARY }
-           for (var i = 0; i < poly.getNumInteriorRing(); i++) {
-             var hole = poly.getInteriorRingN(i);
-             var holeLoc = this$1.locateInPolygonRing(p, hole);
-             if (holeLoc === Location.INTERIOR) { return Location.EXTERIOR }
-             if (holeLoc === Location.BOUNDARY) { return Location.BOUNDARY }
-           }
-           return Location.INTERIOR
-         } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && arguments[1] instanceof LineString) {
-           var p$1 = arguments[0];
-           var l = arguments[1];
-           if (!l.getEnvelopeInternal().intersects(p$1)) { return Location.EXTERIOR }
-           var pt = l.getCoordinates();
-           if (!l.isClosed()) {
-             if (p$1.equals(pt[0]) || p$1.equals(pt[pt.length - 1])) {
-               return Location.BOUNDARY
-             }
-           }
-           if (CGAlgorithms.isOnLine(p$1, pt)) { return Location.INTERIOR }
-           return Location.EXTERIOR
-         } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && arguments[1] instanceof Point$1) {
-           var p$2 = arguments[0];
-           var pt$1 = arguments[1];
-           var ptCoord = pt$1.getCoordinate();
-           if (ptCoord.equals2D(p$2)) { return Location.INTERIOR }
-           return Location.EXTERIOR
-         }
-       };
-       PointLocator.prototype.locateInPolygonRing = function locateInPolygonRing (p, ring) {
-         if (!ring.getEnvelopeInternal().intersects(p)) { return Location.EXTERIOR }
-         return CGAlgorithms.locatePointInRing(p, ring.getCoordinates())
-       };
-       PointLocator.prototype.intersects = function intersects (p, geom) {
-         return this.locate(p, geom) !== Location.EXTERIOR
-       };
-       PointLocator.prototype.updateLocationInfo = function updateLocationInfo (loc) {
-         if (loc === Location.INTERIOR) { this._isIn = true; }
-         if (loc === Location.BOUNDARY) { this._numBoundaries++; }
-       };
-       PointLocator.prototype.computeLocation = function computeLocation (p, geom) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         if (geom instanceof Point$1) {
-           this.updateLocationInfo(this.locateInternal(p, geom));
-         }
-         if (geom instanceof LineString) {
-           this.updateLocationInfo(this.locateInternal(p, geom));
-         } else if (geom instanceof Polygon) {
-           this.updateLocationInfo(this.locateInternal(p, geom));
-         } else if (geom instanceof MultiLineString) {
-           var ml = geom;
-           for (var i = 0; i < ml.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
-             var l = ml.getGeometryN(i);
-             this$1.updateLocationInfo(this$1.locateInternal(p, l));
-           }
-         } else if (geom instanceof MultiPolygon) {
-           var mpoly = geom;
-           for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < mpoly.getNumGeometries(); i$1++) {
-             var poly = mpoly.getGeometryN(i$1);
-             this$1.updateLocationInfo(this$1.locateInternal(p, poly));
-           }
-         } else if (geom instanceof GeometryCollection) {
-           var geomi = new GeometryCollectionIterator(geom);
-           while (geomi.hasNext()) {
-             var g2 = geomi.next();
-             if (g2 !== geom) { this$1.computeLocation(p, g2); }
+       ohauth$1.headerGenerator = function (options) {
+         options = options || {};
+         var consumer_key = options.consumer_key || '',
+             consumer_secret = options.consumer_secret || '',
+             signature_method = options.signature_method || 'HMAC-SHA1',
+             version = options.version || '1.0',
+             token = options.token || '',
+             token_secret = options.token_secret || '';
+         return function (method, uri, extra_params) {
+           method = method.toUpperCase();
+
+           if (typeof extra_params === 'string' && extra_params.length > 0) {
+             extra_params = ohauth$1.stringQs(extra_params);
            }
-         }
-       };
-       PointLocator.prototype.locate = function locate (p, geom) {
-         if (geom.isEmpty()) { return Location.EXTERIOR }
-         if (geom instanceof LineString) {
-           return this.locateInternal(p, geom)
-         } else if (geom instanceof Polygon) {
-           return this.locateInternal(p, geom)
-         }
-         this._isIn = false;
-         this._numBoundaries = 0;
-         this.computeLocation(p, geom);
-         if (this._boundaryRule.isInBoundary(this._numBoundaries)) { return Location.BOUNDARY }
-         if (this._numBoundaries > 0 || this._isIn) { return Location.INTERIOR }
-         return Location.EXTERIOR
-       };
-       PointLocator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       PointLocator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return PointLocator
-       };
 
-       var GeometryLocation = function GeometryLocation () {
-         this._component = null;
-         this._segIndex = null;
-         this._pt = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var component = arguments[0];
-           var pt = arguments[1];
-           GeometryLocation.call(this, component, GeometryLocation.INSIDE_AREA, pt);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var component$1 = arguments[0];
-           var segIndex = arguments[1];
-           var pt$1 = arguments[2];
-           this._component = component$1;
-           this._segIndex = segIndex;
-           this._pt = pt$1;
-         }
+           var uri_parts = uri.split('?', 2),
+               base_uri = uri_parts[0];
+           var query_params = uri_parts.length === 2 ? ohauth$1.stringQs(uri_parts[1]) : {};
+           var oauth_params = {
+             oauth_consumer_key: consumer_key,
+             oauth_signature_method: signature_method,
+             oauth_version: version,
+             oauth_timestamp: ohauth$1.timestamp(),
+             oauth_nonce: ohauth$1.nonce()
+           };
+           if (token) oauth_params.oauth_token = token;
+           var all_params = xtend$1({}, oauth_params, query_params, extra_params),
+               base_str = ohauth$1.baseString(method, base_uri, all_params);
+           oauth_params.oauth_signature = ohauth$1.signature(consumer_secret, token_secret, base_str);
+           return 'OAuth ' + ohauth$1.authHeader(oauth_params);
+         };
        };
 
-       var staticAccessors$38 = { INSIDE_AREA: { configurable: true } };
-       GeometryLocation.prototype.isInsideArea = function isInsideArea () {
-         return this._segIndex === GeometryLocation.INSIDE_AREA
-       };
-       GeometryLocation.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
-         return this._pt
-       };
-       GeometryLocation.prototype.getGeometryComponent = function getGeometryComponent () {
-         return this._component
-       };
-       GeometryLocation.prototype.getSegmentIndex = function getSegmentIndex () {
-         return this._segIndex
-       };
-       GeometryLocation.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       GeometryLocation.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return GeometryLocation
-       };
-       staticAccessors$38.INSIDE_AREA.get = function () { return -1 };
+       var ohauth_1 = ohauth$1;
 
-       Object.defineProperties( GeometryLocation, staticAccessors$38 );
+       var resolveUrl$1 = {exports: {}};
 
-       var PointExtracter = function PointExtracter (pts) {
-         this._pts = pts || null;
-       };
-       PointExtracter.prototype.filter = function filter (geom) {
-         if (geom instanceof Point$1) { this._pts.add(geom); }
-       };
-       PointExtracter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [GeometryFilter]
-       };
-       PointExtracter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return PointExtracter
-       };
-       PointExtracter.getPoints = function getPoints () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var geom = arguments[0];
-           if (geom instanceof Point$1) {
-             return Collections.singletonList(geom)
-           }
-           return PointExtracter.getPoints(geom, new ArrayList())
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var geom$1 = arguments[0];
-           var list = arguments[1];
-           if (geom$1 instanceof Point$1) {
-             list.add(geom$1);
-           } else if (geom$1 instanceof GeometryCollection) {
-             geom$1.apply(new PointExtracter(list));
+       (function (module, exports) {
+         // Copyright 2014 Simon Lydell
+         // X11 (“MIT”) Licensed. (See LICENSE.)
+         void function (root, factory) {
+           {
+             module.exports = factory();
            }
-           return list
-         }
-       };
-
-       var ConnectedElementLocationFilter = function ConnectedElementLocationFilter () {
-         this._locations = null;
-         var locations = arguments[0];
-         this._locations = locations;
-       };
-       ConnectedElementLocationFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (geom) {
-         if (geom instanceof Point$1 || geom instanceof LineString || geom instanceof Polygon) { this._locations.add(new GeometryLocation(geom, 0, geom.getCoordinate())); }
-       };
-       ConnectedElementLocationFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [GeometryFilter]
-       };
-       ConnectedElementLocationFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return ConnectedElementLocationFilter
-       };
-       ConnectedElementLocationFilter.getLocations = function getLocations (geom) {
-         var locations = new ArrayList();
-         geom.apply(new ConnectedElementLocationFilter(locations));
-         return locations
-       };
+         }(commonjsGlobal, function () {
+           function
+             /* ...urls */
+           resolveUrl() {
+             var numUrls = arguments.length;
 
-       var DistanceOp = function DistanceOp () {
-         this._geom = null;
-         this._terminateDistance = 0.0;
-         this._ptLocator = new PointLocator();
-         this._minDistanceLocation = null;
-         this._minDistance = Double.MAX_VALUE;
-         if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var g0 = arguments[0];
-           var g1 = arguments[1];
-           this._geom = [g0, g1];
-           this._terminateDistance = 0.0;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var g0$1 = arguments[0];
-           var g1$1 = arguments[1];
-           var terminateDistance = arguments[2];
-           this._geom = new Array(2).fill(null);
-           this._geom[0] = g0$1;
-           this._geom[1] = g1$1;
-           this._terminateDistance = terminateDistance;
-         }
-       };
-       DistanceOp.prototype.computeContainmentDistance = function computeContainmentDistance () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           var locPtPoly = new Array(2).fill(null);
-           this.computeContainmentDistance(0, locPtPoly);
-           if (this._minDistance <= this._terminateDistance) { return null }
-           this.computeContainmentDistance(1, locPtPoly);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var polyGeomIndex = arguments[0];
-           var locPtPoly$1 = arguments[1];
-           var locationsIndex = 1 - polyGeomIndex;
-           var polys = PolygonExtracter.getPolygons(this._geom[polyGeomIndex]);
-           if (polys.size() > 0) {
-             var insideLocs = ConnectedElementLocationFilter.getLocations(this._geom[locationsIndex]);
-             this.computeContainmentDistance(insideLocs, polys, locPtPoly$1);
-             if (this._minDistance <= this._terminateDistance) {
-               this._minDistanceLocation[locationsIndex] = locPtPoly$1[0];
-               this._minDistanceLocation[polyGeomIndex] = locPtPoly$1[1];
-               return null
-             }
-           }
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           if (arguments[2] instanceof Array && (hasInterface(arguments[0], List) && hasInterface(arguments[1], List))) {
-             var locs = arguments[0];
-             var polys$1 = arguments[1];
-             var locPtPoly$2 = arguments[2];
-             for (var i = 0; i < locs.size(); i++) {
-               var loc = locs.get(i);
-               for (var j = 0; j < polys$1.size(); j++) {
-                 this$1.computeContainmentDistance(loc, polys$1.get(j), locPtPoly$2);
-                 if (this$1._minDistance <= this$1._terminateDistance) { return null }
-               }
-             }
-           } else if (arguments[2] instanceof Array && (arguments[0] instanceof GeometryLocation && arguments[1] instanceof Polygon)) {
-             var ptLoc = arguments[0];
-             var poly = arguments[1];
-             var locPtPoly$3 = arguments[2];
-             var pt = ptLoc.getCoordinate();
-             if (Location.EXTERIOR !== this._ptLocator.locate(pt, poly)) {
-               this._minDistance = 0.0;
-               locPtPoly$3[0] = ptLoc;
-               locPtPoly$3[1] = new GeometryLocation(poly, pt);
-
-               return null
+             if (numUrls === 0) {
+               throw new Error("resolveUrl requires at least one argument; got none.");
              }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       DistanceOp.prototype.computeMinDistanceLinesPoints = function computeMinDistanceLinesPoints (lines, points, locGeom) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < lines.size(); i++) {
-           var line = lines.get(i);
-           for (var j = 0; j < points.size(); j++) {
-             var pt = points.get(j);
-             this$1.computeMinDistance(line, pt, locGeom);
-             if (this$1._minDistance <= this$1._terminateDistance) { return null }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       DistanceOp.prototype.computeFacetDistance = function computeFacetDistance () {
-         var locGeom = new Array(2).fill(null);
-         var lines0 = LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(this._geom[0]);
-         var lines1 = LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(this._geom[1]);
-         var pts0 = PointExtracter.getPoints(this._geom[0]);
-         var pts1 = PointExtracter.getPoints(this._geom[1]);
-         this.computeMinDistanceLines(lines0, lines1, locGeom);
-         this.updateMinDistance(locGeom, false);
-         if (this._minDistance <= this._terminateDistance) { return null }
-         locGeom[0] = null;
-         locGeom[1] = null;
-         this.computeMinDistanceLinesPoints(lines0, pts1, locGeom);
-         this.updateMinDistance(locGeom, false);
-         if (this._minDistance <= this._terminateDistance) { return null }
-         locGeom[0] = null;
-         locGeom[1] = null;
-         this.computeMinDistanceLinesPoints(lines1, pts0, locGeom);
-         this.updateMinDistance(locGeom, true);
-         if (this._minDistance <= this._terminateDistance) { return null }
-         locGeom[0] = null;
-         locGeom[1] = null;
-         this.computeMinDistancePoints(pts0, pts1, locGeom);
-         this.updateMinDistance(locGeom, false);
-       };
-       DistanceOp.prototype.nearestLocations = function nearestLocations () {
-         this.computeMinDistance();
-         return this._minDistanceLocation
-       };
-       DistanceOp.prototype.updateMinDistance = function updateMinDistance (locGeom, flip) {
-         if (locGeom[0] === null) { return null }
-         if (flip) {
-           this._minDistanceLocation[0] = locGeom[1];
-           this._minDistanceLocation[1] = locGeom[0];
-         } else {
-           this._minDistanceLocation[0] = locGeom[0];
-           this._minDistanceLocation[1] = locGeom[1];
-         }
-       };
-       DistanceOp.prototype.nearestPoints = function nearestPoints () {
-         this.computeMinDistance();
-         var nearestPts = [this._minDistanceLocation[0].getCoordinate(), this._minDistanceLocation[1].getCoordinate()];
-         return nearestPts
-       };
-       DistanceOp.prototype.computeMinDistance = function computeMinDistance () {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           if (this._minDistanceLocation !== null) { return null }
-           this._minDistanceLocation = new Array(2).fill(null);
-           this.computeContainmentDistance();
-           if (this._minDistance <= this._terminateDistance) { return null }
-           this.computeFacetDistance();
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           if (arguments[2] instanceof Array && (arguments[0] instanceof LineString && arguments[1] instanceof Point$1)) {
-             var line = arguments[0];
-             var pt = arguments[1];
-             var locGeom = arguments[2];
-             if (line.getEnvelopeInternal().distance(pt.getEnvelopeInternal()) > this._minDistance) { return null }
-             var coord0 = line.getCoordinates();
-             var coord = pt.getCoordinate();
-             for (var i = 0; i < coord0.length - 1; i++) {
-               var dist = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(coord, coord0[i], coord0[i + 1]);
-               if (dist < this$1._minDistance) {
-                 this$1._minDistance = dist;
-                 var seg = new LineSegment(coord0[i], coord0[i + 1]);
-                 var segClosestPoint = seg.closestPoint(coord);
-                 locGeom[0] = new GeometryLocation(line, i, segClosestPoint);
-                 locGeom[1] = new GeometryLocation(pt, 0, coord);
-               }
-               if (this$1._minDistance <= this$1._terminateDistance) { return null }
-             }
-           } else if (arguments[2] instanceof Array && (arguments[0] instanceof LineString && arguments[1] instanceof LineString)) {
-             var line0 = arguments[0];
-             var line1 = arguments[1];
-             var locGeom$1 = arguments[2];
-             if (line0.getEnvelopeInternal().distance(line1.getEnvelopeInternal()) > this._minDistance) { return null }
-             var coord0$1 = line0.getCoordinates();
-             var coord1 = line1.getCoordinates();
-             for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < coord0$1.length - 1; i$1++) {
-               for (var j = 0; j < coord1.length - 1; j++) {
-                 var dist$1 = CGAlgorithms.distanceLineLine(coord0$1[i$1], coord0$1[i$1 + 1], coord1[j], coord1[j + 1]);
-                 if (dist$1 < this$1._minDistance) {
-                   this$1._minDistance = dist$1;
-                   var seg0 = new LineSegment(coord0$1[i$1], coord0$1[i$1 + 1]);
-                   var seg1 = new LineSegment(coord1[j], coord1[j + 1]);
-                   var closestPt = seg0.closestPoints(seg1);
-                   locGeom$1[0] = new GeometryLocation(line0, i$1, closestPt[0]);
-                   locGeom$1[1] = new GeometryLocation(line1, j, closestPt[1]);
-                 }
-                 if (this$1._minDistance <= this$1._terminateDistance) { return null }
-               }
+             var base = document.createElement("base");
+             base.href = arguments[0];
+
+             if (numUrls === 1) {
+               return base.href;
              }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       DistanceOp.prototype.computeMinDistancePoints = function computeMinDistancePoints (points0, points1, locGeom) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < points0.size(); i++) {
-           var pt0 = points0.get(i);
-           for (var j = 0; j < points1.size(); j++) {
-             var pt1 = points1.get(j);
-             var dist = pt0.getCoordinate().distance(pt1.getCoordinate());
-             if (dist < this$1._minDistance) {
-               this$1._minDistance = dist;
-               locGeom[0] = new GeometryLocation(pt0, 0, pt0.getCoordinate());
-               locGeom[1] = new GeometryLocation(pt1, 0, pt1.getCoordinate());
+             var head = document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0];
+             head.insertBefore(base, head.firstChild);
+             var a = document.createElement("a");
+             var resolved;
+
+             for (var index = 1; index < numUrls; index++) {
+               a.href = arguments[index];
+               resolved = a.href;
+               base.href = resolved;
              }
-             if (this$1._minDistance <= this$1._terminateDistance) { return null }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       DistanceOp.prototype.distance = function distance () {
-         if (this._geom[0] === null || this._geom[1] === null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('null geometries are not supported') }
-         if (this._geom[0].isEmpty() || this._geom[1].isEmpty()) { return 0.0 }
-         this.computeMinDistance();
-         return this._minDistance
-       };
-       DistanceOp.prototype.computeMinDistanceLines = function computeMinDistanceLines (lines0, lines1, locGeom) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < lines0.size(); i++) {
-           var line0 = lines0.get(i);
-           for (var j = 0; j < lines1.size(); j++) {
-             var line1 = lines1.get(j);
-             this$1.computeMinDistance(line0, line1, locGeom);
-             if (this$1._minDistance <= this$1._terminateDistance) { return null }
+             head.removeChild(base);
+             return resolved;
            }
-         }
-       };
-       DistanceOp.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       DistanceOp.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return DistanceOp
-       };
-       DistanceOp.distance = function distance (g0, g1) {
-         var distOp = new DistanceOp(g0, g1);
-         return distOp.distance()
-       };
-       DistanceOp.isWithinDistance = function isWithinDistance (g0, g1, distance) {
-         var distOp = new DistanceOp(g0, g1, distance);
-         return distOp.distance() <= distance
-       };
-       DistanceOp.nearestPoints = function nearestPoints (g0, g1) {
-         var distOp = new DistanceOp(g0, g1);
-         return distOp.nearestPoints()
-       };
 
-       var PointPairDistance$2 = function PointPairDistance () {
-         this._pt = [new Coordinate(), new Coordinate()];
-         this._distance = Double.NaN;
-         this._isNull = true;
-       };
-       PointPairDistance$2.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
-         return this._pt
-       };
-       PointPairDistance$2.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate (i) {
-         return this._pt[i]
-       };
-       PointPairDistance$2.prototype.setMinimum = function setMinimum () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var ptDist = arguments[0];
-           this.setMinimum(ptDist._pt[0], ptDist._pt[1]);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var p0 = arguments[0];
-           var p1 = arguments[1];
-           if (this._isNull) {
-             this.initialize(p0, p1);
-             return null
-           }
-           var dist = p0.distance(p1);
-           if (dist < this._distance) { this.initialize(p0, p1, dist); }
-         }
-       };
-       PointPairDistance$2.prototype.initialize = function initialize () {
-         if (arguments.length === 0) {
-           this._isNull = true;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var p0 = arguments[0];
-           var p1 = arguments[1];
-           this._pt[0].setCoordinate(p0);
-           this._pt[1].setCoordinate(p1);
-           this._distance = p0.distance(p1);
-           this._isNull = false;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var p0$1 = arguments[0];
-           var p1$1 = arguments[1];
-           var distance = arguments[2];
-           this._pt[0].setCoordinate(p0$1);
-           this._pt[1].setCoordinate(p1$1);
-           this._distance = distance;
-           this._isNull = false;
-         }
-       };
-       PointPairDistance$2.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         return WKTWriter.toLineString(this._pt[0], this._pt[1])
-       };
-       PointPairDistance$2.prototype.getDistance = function getDistance () {
-         return this._distance
-       };
-       PointPairDistance$2.prototype.setMaximum = function setMaximum () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var ptDist = arguments[0];
-           this.setMaximum(ptDist._pt[0], ptDist._pt[1]);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var p0 = arguments[0];
-           var p1 = arguments[1];
-           if (this._isNull) {
-             this.initialize(p0, p1);
-             return null
-           }
-           var dist = p0.distance(p1);
-           if (dist > this._distance) { this.initialize(p0, p1, dist); }
-         }
-       };
-       PointPairDistance$2.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       PointPairDistance$2.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return PointPairDistance$2
+           return resolveUrl;
+         });
+       })(resolveUrl$1);
+
+       var assign = make_assign();
+       var create$1 = make_create();
+       var trim$1 = make_trim();
+       var Global$5 = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : commonjsGlobal;
+       var util$6 = {
+         assign: assign,
+         create: create$1,
+         trim: trim$1,
+         bind: bind$1,
+         slice: slice$1,
+         each: each$7,
+         map: map,
+         pluck: pluck$1,
+         isList: isList$1,
+         isFunction: isFunction$1,
+         isObject: isObject$1,
+         Global: Global$5
        };
 
-       var DistanceToPoint = function DistanceToPoint () {};
-
-       DistanceToPoint.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       DistanceToPoint.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return DistanceToPoint
-       };
-       DistanceToPoint.computeDistance = function computeDistance () {
-         if (arguments[2] instanceof PointPairDistance$2 && (arguments[0] instanceof LineString && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
-           var line = arguments[0];
-           var pt = arguments[1];
-           var ptDist = arguments[2];
-           var tempSegment = new LineSegment();
-           var coords = line.getCoordinates();
-           for (var i = 0; i < coords.length - 1; i++) {
-             tempSegment.setCoordinates(coords[i], coords[i + 1]);
-             var closestPt = tempSegment.closestPoint(pt);
-             ptDist.setMinimum(closestPt, pt);
-           }
-         } else if (arguments[2] instanceof PointPairDistance$2 && (arguments[0] instanceof Polygon && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
-           var poly = arguments[0];
-           var pt$1 = arguments[1];
-           var ptDist$1 = arguments[2];
-           DistanceToPoint.computeDistance(poly.getExteriorRing(), pt$1, ptDist$1);
-           for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < poly.getNumInteriorRing(); i$1++) {
-             DistanceToPoint.computeDistance(poly.getInteriorRingN(i$1), pt$1, ptDist$1);
-           }
-         } else if (arguments[2] instanceof PointPairDistance$2 && (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
-           var geom = arguments[0];
-           var pt$2 = arguments[1];
-           var ptDist$2 = arguments[2];
-           if (geom instanceof LineString) {
-             DistanceToPoint.computeDistance(geom, pt$2, ptDist$2);
-           } else if (geom instanceof Polygon) {
-             DistanceToPoint.computeDistance(geom, pt$2, ptDist$2);
-           } else if (geom instanceof GeometryCollection) {
-             var gc = geom;
-             for (var i$2 = 0; i$2 < gc.getNumGeometries(); i$2++) {
-               var g = gc.getGeometryN(i$2);
-               DistanceToPoint.computeDistance(g, pt$2, ptDist$2);
+       function make_assign() {
+         if (Object.assign) {
+           return Object.assign;
+         } else {
+           return function shimAssign(obj, props1, props2, etc) {
+             for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+               each$7(Object(arguments[i]), function (val, key) {
+                 obj[key] = val;
+               });
              }
-           } else {
-             ptDist$2.setMinimum(geom.getCoordinate(), pt$2);
-           }
-         } else if (arguments[2] instanceof PointPairDistance$2 && (arguments[0] instanceof LineSegment && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
-           var segment = arguments[0];
-           var pt$3 = arguments[1];
-           var ptDist$3 = arguments[2];
-           var closestPt$1 = segment.closestPoint(pt$3);
-           ptDist$3.setMinimum(closestPt$1, pt$3);
-         }
-       };
 
-       var DiscreteHausdorffDistance = function DiscreteHausdorffDistance () {
-         this._g0 = null;
-         this._g1 = null;
-         this._ptDist = new PointPairDistance$2();
-         this._densifyFrac = 0.0;
-         var g0 = arguments[0];
-         var g1 = arguments[1];
-         this._g0 = g0;
-         this._g1 = g1;
-       };
-
-       var staticAccessors$39 = { MaxPointDistanceFilter: { configurable: true },MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter: { configurable: true } };
-       DiscreteHausdorffDistance.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
-         return this._ptDist.getCoordinates()
-       };
-       DiscreteHausdorffDistance.prototype.setDensifyFraction = function setDensifyFraction (densifyFrac) {
-         if (densifyFrac > 1.0 || densifyFrac <= 0.0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Fraction is not in range (0.0 - 1.0]') }
-         this._densifyFrac = densifyFrac;
-       };
-       DiscreteHausdorffDistance.prototype.compute = function compute (g0, g1) {
-         this.computeOrientedDistance(g0, g1, this._ptDist);
-         this.computeOrientedDistance(g1, g0, this._ptDist);
-       };
-       DiscreteHausdorffDistance.prototype.distance = function distance () {
-         this.compute(this._g0, this._g1);
-         return this._ptDist.getDistance()
-       };
-       DiscreteHausdorffDistance.prototype.computeOrientedDistance = function computeOrientedDistance (discreteGeom, geom, ptDist) {
-         var distFilter = new MaxPointDistanceFilter$1(geom);
-         discreteGeom.apply(distFilter);
-         ptDist.setMaximum(distFilter.getMaxPointDistance());
-         if (this._densifyFrac > 0) {
-           var fracFilter = new MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter(geom, this._densifyFrac);
-           discreteGeom.apply(fracFilter);
-           ptDist.setMaximum(fracFilter.getMaxPointDistance());
-         }
-       };
-       DiscreteHausdorffDistance.prototype.orientedDistance = function orientedDistance () {
-         this.computeOrientedDistance(this._g0, this._g1, this._ptDist);
-         return this._ptDist.getDistance()
-       };
-       DiscreteHausdorffDistance.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       DiscreteHausdorffDistance.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return DiscreteHausdorffDistance
-       };
-       DiscreteHausdorffDistance.distance = function distance () {
-         if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var g0 = arguments[0];
-           var g1 = arguments[1];
-           var dist = new DiscreteHausdorffDistance(g0, g1);
-           return dist.distance()
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var g0$1 = arguments[0];
-           var g1$1 = arguments[1];
-           var densifyFrac = arguments[2];
-           var dist$1 = new DiscreteHausdorffDistance(g0$1, g1$1);
-           dist$1.setDensifyFraction(densifyFrac);
-           return dist$1.distance()
+             return obj;
+           };
          }
-       };
-       staticAccessors$39.MaxPointDistanceFilter.get = function () { return MaxPointDistanceFilter$1 };
-       staticAccessors$39.MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter.get = function () { return MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( DiscreteHausdorffDistance, staticAccessors$39 );
-
-       var MaxPointDistanceFilter$1 = function MaxPointDistanceFilter () {
-         this._maxPtDist = new PointPairDistance$2();
-         this._minPtDist = new PointPairDistance$2();
-         this._euclideanDist = new DistanceToPoint();
-         this._geom = null;
-         var geom = arguments[0];
-         this._geom = geom;
-       };
-       MaxPointDistanceFilter$1.prototype.filter = function filter (pt) {
-         this._minPtDist.initialize();
-         DistanceToPoint.computeDistance(this._geom, pt, this._minPtDist);
-         this._maxPtDist.setMaximum(this._minPtDist);
-       };
-       MaxPointDistanceFilter$1.prototype.getMaxPointDistance = function getMaxPointDistance () {
-         return this._maxPtDist
-       };
-       MaxPointDistanceFilter$1.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [CoordinateFilter]
-       };
-       MaxPointDistanceFilter$1.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return MaxPointDistanceFilter$1
-       };
+       }
 
-       var MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter = function MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter () {
-         this._maxPtDist = new PointPairDistance$2();
-         this._minPtDist = new PointPairDistance$2();
-         this._geom = null;
-         this._numSubSegs = 0;
-         var geom = arguments[0];
-         var fraction = arguments[1];
-         this._geom = geom;
-         this._numSubSegs = Math.trunc(Math.round(1.0 / fraction));
-       };
-       MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (seq, index) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         if (index === 0) { return null }
-         var p0 = seq.getCoordinate(index - 1);
-         var p1 = seq.getCoordinate(index);
-         var delx = (p1.x - p0.x) / this._numSubSegs;
-         var dely = (p1.y - p0.y) / this._numSubSegs;
-         for (var i = 0; i < this._numSubSegs; i++) {
-           var x = p0.x + i * delx;
-           var y = p0.y + i * dely;
-           var pt = new Coordinate(x, y);
-           this$1._minPtDist.initialize();
-           DistanceToPoint.computeDistance(this$1._geom, pt, this$1._minPtDist);
-           this$1._maxPtDist.setMaximum(this$1._minPtDist);
-         }
-       };
-       MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {
-         return false
-       };
-       MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter.prototype.isGeometryChanged = function isGeometryChanged () {
-         return false
-       };
-       MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter.prototype.getMaxPointDistance = function getMaxPointDistance () {
-         return this._maxPtDist
-       };
-       MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [CoordinateSequenceFilter]
-       };
-       MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter
-       };
+       function make_create() {
+         if (Object.create) {
+           return function create(obj, assignProps1, assignProps2, etc) {
+             var assignArgsList = slice$1(arguments, 1);
+             return assign.apply(this, [Object.create(obj)].concat(assignArgsList));
+           };
+         } else {
+           var F = function F() {}; // eslint-disable-line no-inner-declarations
 
-       var BufferDistanceValidator = function BufferDistanceValidator (input, bufDistance, result) {
-         this._minValidDistance = null;
-         this._maxValidDistance = null;
-         this._minDistanceFound = null;
-         this._maxDistanceFound = null;
-         this._isValid = true;
-         this._errMsg = null;
-         this._errorLocation = null;
-         this._errorIndicator = null;
-         this._input = input || null;
-         this._bufDistance = bufDistance || null;
-         this._result = result || null;
-       };
 
-       var staticAccessors$37 = { VERBOSE: { configurable: true },MAX_DISTANCE_DIFF_FRAC: { configurable: true } };
-       BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.checkMaximumDistance = function checkMaximumDistance (input, bufCurve, maxDist) {
-         var haus = new DiscreteHausdorffDistance(bufCurve, input);
-         haus.setDensifyFraction(0.25);
-         this._maxDistanceFound = haus.orientedDistance();
-         if (this._maxDistanceFound > maxDist) {
-           this._isValid = false;
-           var pts = haus.getCoordinates();
-           this._errorLocation = pts[1];
-           this._errorIndicator = input.getFactory().createLineString(pts);
-           this._errMsg = 'Distance between buffer curve and input is too large (' + this._maxDistanceFound + ' at ' + WKTWriter.toLineString(pts[0], pts[1]) + ')';
+           return function create(obj, assignProps1, assignProps2, etc) {
+             var assignArgsList = slice$1(arguments, 1);
+             F.prototype = obj;
+             return assign.apply(this, [new F()].concat(assignArgsList));
+           };
          }
-       };
-       BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.isValid = function isValid () {
-         var posDistance = Math.abs(this._bufDistance);
-         var distDelta = BufferDistanceValidator.MAX_DISTANCE_DIFF_FRAC * posDistance;
-         this._minValidDistance = posDistance - distDelta;
-         this._maxValidDistance = posDistance + distDelta;
-         if (this._input.isEmpty() || this._result.isEmpty()) { return true }
-         if (this._bufDistance > 0.0) {
-           this.checkPositiveValid();
+       }
+
+       function make_trim() {
+         if (String.prototype.trim) {
+           return function trim(str) {
+             return String.prototype.trim.call(str);
+           };
          } else {
-           this.checkNegativeValid();
-         }
-         if (BufferDistanceValidator.VERBOSE) {
-           System.out.println('Min Dist= ' + this._minDistanceFound + '  err= ' + (1.0 - this._minDistanceFound / this._bufDistance) + '  Max Dist= ' + this._maxDistanceFound + '  err= ' + (this._maxDistanceFound / this._bufDistance - 1.0));
-         }
-         return this._isValid
-       };
-       BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.checkNegativeValid = function checkNegativeValid () {
-         if (!(this._input instanceof Polygon || this._input instanceof MultiPolygon || this._input instanceof GeometryCollection)) {
-           return null
-         }
-         var inputCurve = this.getPolygonLines(this._input);
-         this.checkMinimumDistance(inputCurve, this._result, this._minValidDistance);
-         if (!this._isValid) { return null }
-         this.checkMaximumDistance(inputCurve, this._result, this._maxValidDistance);
-       };
-       BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.getErrorIndicator = function getErrorIndicator () {
-         return this._errorIndicator
-       };
-       BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.checkMinimumDistance = function checkMinimumDistance (g1, g2, minDist) {
-         var distOp = new DistanceOp(g1, g2, minDist);
-         this._minDistanceFound = distOp.distance();
-         if (this._minDistanceFound < minDist) {
-           this._isValid = false;
-           var pts = distOp.nearestPoints();
-           this._errorLocation = distOp.nearestPoints()[1];
-           this._errorIndicator = g1.getFactory().createLineString(pts);
-           this._errMsg = 'Distance between buffer curve and input is too small (' + this._minDistanceFound + ' at ' + WKTWriter.toLineString(pts[0], pts[1]) + ' )';
+           return function trim(str) {
+             return str.replace(/^[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+|[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+$/g, '');
+           };
          }
-       };
-       BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.checkPositiveValid = function checkPositiveValid () {
-         var bufCurve = this._result.getBoundary();
-         this.checkMinimumDistance(this._input, bufCurve, this._minValidDistance);
-         if (!this._isValid) { return null }
-         this.checkMaximumDistance(this._input, bufCurve, this._maxValidDistance);
-       };
-       BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.getErrorLocation = function getErrorLocation () {
-         return this._errorLocation
-       };
-       BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.getPolygonLines = function getPolygonLines (g) {
-         var lines = new ArrayList();
-         var lineExtracter = new LinearComponentExtracter(lines);
-         var polys = PolygonExtracter.getPolygons(g);
-         for (var i = polys.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var poly = i.next();
-           poly.apply(lineExtracter);
-         }
-         return g.getFactory().buildGeometry(lines)
-       };
-       BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.getErrorMessage = function getErrorMessage () {
-         return this._errMsg
-       };
-       BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return BufferDistanceValidator
-       };
-       staticAccessors$37.VERBOSE.get = function () { return false };
-       staticAccessors$37.MAX_DISTANCE_DIFF_FRAC.get = function () { return 0.012 };
-
-       Object.defineProperties( BufferDistanceValidator, staticAccessors$37 );
-
-       var BufferResultValidator = function BufferResultValidator (input, distance, result) {
-         this._isValid = true;
-         this._errorMsg = null;
-         this._errorLocation = null;
-         this._errorIndicator = null;
-         this._input = input || null;
-         this._distance = distance || null;
-         this._result = result || null;
-       };
+       }
 
-       var staticAccessors$40 = { VERBOSE: { configurable: true },MAX_ENV_DIFF_FRAC: { configurable: true } };
-       BufferResultValidator.prototype.isValid = function isValid () {
-         this.checkPolygonal();
-         if (!this._isValid) { return this._isValid }
-         this.checkExpectedEmpty();
-         if (!this._isValid) { return this._isValid }
-         this.checkEnvelope();
-         if (!this._isValid) { return this._isValid }
-         this.checkArea();
-         if (!this._isValid) { return this._isValid }
-         this.checkDistance();
-         return this._isValid
-       };
-       BufferResultValidator.prototype.checkEnvelope = function checkEnvelope () {
-         if (this._distance < 0.0) { return null }
-         var padding = this._distance * BufferResultValidator.MAX_ENV_DIFF_FRAC;
-         if (padding === 0.0) { padding = 0.001; }
-         var expectedEnv = new Envelope(this._input.getEnvelopeInternal());
-         expectedEnv.expandBy(this._distance);
-         var bufEnv = new Envelope(this._result.getEnvelopeInternal());
-         bufEnv.expandBy(padding);
-         if (!bufEnv.contains(expectedEnv)) {
-           this._isValid = false;
-           this._errorMsg = 'Buffer envelope is incorrect';
-           this._errorIndicator = this._input.getFactory().toGeometry(bufEnv);
-         }
-         this.report('Envelope');
-       };
-       BufferResultValidator.prototype.checkDistance = function checkDistance () {
-         var distValid = new BufferDistanceValidator(this._input, this._distance, this._result);
-         if (!distValid.isValid()) {
-           this._isValid = false;
-           this._errorMsg = distValid.getErrorMessage();
-           this._errorLocation = distValid.getErrorLocation();
-           this._errorIndicator = distValid.getErrorIndicator();
-         }
-         this.report('Distance');
-       };
-       BufferResultValidator.prototype.checkArea = function checkArea () {
-         var inputArea = this._input.getArea();
-         var resultArea = this._result.getArea();
-         if (this._distance > 0.0 && inputArea > resultArea) {
-           this._isValid = false;
-           this._errorMsg = 'Area of positive buffer is smaller than input';
-           this._errorIndicator = this._result;
-         }
-         if (this._distance < 0.0 && inputArea < resultArea) {
-           this._isValid = false;
-           this._errorMsg = 'Area of negative buffer is larger than input';
-           this._errorIndicator = this._result;
-         }
-         this.report('Area');
-       };
-       BufferResultValidator.prototype.checkPolygonal = function checkPolygonal () {
-         if (!(this._result instanceof Polygon || this._result instanceof MultiPolygon)) { this._isValid = false; }
-         this._errorMsg = 'Result is not polygonal';
-         this._errorIndicator = this._result;
-         this.report('Polygonal');
-       };
-       BufferResultValidator.prototype.getErrorIndicator = function getErrorIndicator () {
-         return this._errorIndicator
-       };
-       BufferResultValidator.prototype.getErrorLocation = function getErrorLocation () {
-         return this._errorLocation
-       };
-       BufferResultValidator.prototype.checkExpectedEmpty = function checkExpectedEmpty () {
-         if (this._input.getDimension() >= 2) { return null }
-         if (this._distance > 0.0) { return null }
-         if (!this._result.isEmpty()) {
-           this._isValid = false;
-           this._errorMsg = 'Result is non-empty';
-           this._errorIndicator = this._result;
-         }
-         this.report('ExpectedEmpty');
-       };
-       BufferResultValidator.prototype.report = function report (checkName) {
-         if (!BufferResultValidator.VERBOSE) { return null }
-         System.out.println('Check ' + checkName + ': ' + (this._isValid ? 'passed' : 'FAILED'));
-       };
-       BufferResultValidator.prototype.getErrorMessage = function getErrorMessage () {
-         return this._errorMsg
-       };
-       BufferResultValidator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       BufferResultValidator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return BufferResultValidator
-       };
-       BufferResultValidator.isValidMsg = function isValidMsg (g, distance, result) {
-         var validator = new BufferResultValidator(g, distance, result);
-         if (!validator.isValid()) { return validator.getErrorMessage() }
-         return null
-       };
-       BufferResultValidator.isValid = function isValid (g, distance, result) {
-         var validator = new BufferResultValidator(g, distance, result);
-         if (validator.isValid()) { return true }
-         return false
-       };
-       staticAccessors$40.VERBOSE.get = function () { return false };
-       staticAccessors$40.MAX_ENV_DIFF_FRAC.get = function () { return 0.012 };
+       function bind$1(obj, fn) {
+         return function () {
+           return fn.apply(obj, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0));
+         };
+       }
 
-       Object.defineProperties( BufferResultValidator, staticAccessors$40 );
+       function slice$1(arr, index) {
+         return Array.prototype.slice.call(arr, index || 0);
+       }
 
-       // operation.buffer
+       function each$7(obj, fn) {
+         pluck$1(obj, function (val, key) {
+           fn(val, key);
+           return false;
+         });
+       }
 
-       var BasicSegmentString = function BasicSegmentString () {
-         this._pts = null;
-         this._data = null;
-         var pts = arguments[0];
-         var data = arguments[1];
-         this._pts = pts;
-         this._data = data;
-       };
-       BasicSegmentString.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
-         return this._pts
-       };
-       BasicSegmentString.prototype.size = function size () {
-         return this._pts.length
-       };
-       BasicSegmentString.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate (i) {
-         return this._pts[i]
-       };
-       BasicSegmentString.prototype.isClosed = function isClosed () {
-         return this._pts[0].equals(this._pts[this._pts.length - 1])
-       };
-       BasicSegmentString.prototype.getSegmentOctant = function getSegmentOctant (index) {
-         if (index === this._pts.length - 1) { return -1 }
-         return Octant.octant(this.getCoordinate(index), this.getCoordinate(index + 1))
-       };
-       BasicSegmentString.prototype.setData = function setData (data) {
-         this._data = data;
-       };
-       BasicSegmentString.prototype.getData = function getData () {
-         return this._data
-       };
-       BasicSegmentString.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         return WKTWriter.toLineString(new CoordinateArraySequence(this._pts))
-       };
-       BasicSegmentString.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [SegmentString]
-       };
-       BasicSegmentString.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return BasicSegmentString
-       };
+       function map(obj, fn) {
+         var res = isList$1(obj) ? [] : {};
+         pluck$1(obj, function (v, k) {
+           res[k] = fn(v, k);
+           return false;
+         });
+         return res;
+       }
 
-       var InteriorIntersectionFinder = function InteriorIntersectionFinder () {
-         this._findAllIntersections = false;
-         this._isCheckEndSegmentsOnly = false;
-         this._li = null;
-         this._interiorIntersection = null;
-         this._intSegments = null;
-         this._intersections = new ArrayList();
-         this._intersectionCount = 0;
-         this._keepIntersections = true;
-         var li = arguments[0];
-         this._li = li;
-         this._interiorIntersection = null;
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.getInteriorIntersection = function getInteriorIntersection () {
-         return this._interiorIntersection
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.setCheckEndSegmentsOnly = function setCheckEndSegmentsOnly (isCheckEndSegmentsOnly) {
-         this._isCheckEndSegmentsOnly = isCheckEndSegmentsOnly;
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.getIntersectionSegments = function getIntersectionSegments () {
-         return this._intSegments
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.count = function count () {
-         return this._intersectionCount
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.getIntersections = function getIntersections () {
-         return this._intersections
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.setFindAllIntersections = function setFindAllIntersections (findAllIntersections) {
-         this._findAllIntersections = findAllIntersections;
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.setKeepIntersections = function setKeepIntersections (keepIntersections) {
-         this._keepIntersections = keepIntersections;
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.processIntersections = function processIntersections (e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1) {
-         if (!this._findAllIntersections && this.hasIntersection()) { return null }
-         if (e0 === e1 && segIndex0 === segIndex1) { return null }
-         if (this._isCheckEndSegmentsOnly) {
-           var isEndSegPresent = this.isEndSegment(e0, segIndex0) || this.isEndSegment(e1, segIndex1);
-           if (!isEndSegPresent) { return null }
-         }
-         var p00 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0];
-         var p01 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0 + 1];
-         var p10 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1];
-         var p11 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1 + 1];
-         this._li.computeIntersection(p00, p01, p10, p11);
-         if (this._li.hasIntersection()) {
-           if (this._li.isInteriorIntersection()) {
-             this._intSegments = new Array(4).fill(null);
-             this._intSegments[0] = p00;
-             this._intSegments[1] = p01;
-             this._intSegments[2] = p10;
-             this._intSegments[3] = p11;
-             this._interiorIntersection = this._li.getIntersection(0);
-             if (this._keepIntersections) { this._intersections.add(this._interiorIntersection); }
-             this._intersectionCount++;
+       function pluck$1(obj, fn) {
+         if (isList$1(obj)) {
+           for (var i = 0; i < obj.length; i++) {
+             if (fn(obj[i], i)) {
+               return obj[i];
+             }
+           }
+         } else {
+           for (var key in obj) {
+             if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+               if (fn(obj[key], key)) {
+                 return obj[key];
+               }
+             }
            }
          }
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.isEndSegment = function isEndSegment (segStr, index) {
-         if (index === 0) { return true }
-         if (index >= segStr.size() - 2) { return true }
-         return false
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.hasIntersection = function hasIntersection () {
-         return this._interiorIntersection !== null
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {
-         if (this._findAllIntersections) { return false }
-         return this._interiorIntersection !== null
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [SegmentIntersector]
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return InteriorIntersectionFinder
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinder.createAllIntersectionsFinder = function createAllIntersectionsFinder (li) {
-         var finder = new InteriorIntersectionFinder(li);
-         finder.setFindAllIntersections(true);
-         return finder
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinder.createAnyIntersectionFinder = function createAnyIntersectionFinder (li) {
-         return new InteriorIntersectionFinder(li)
-       };
-       InteriorIntersectionFinder.createIntersectionCounter = function createIntersectionCounter (li) {
-         var finder = new InteriorIntersectionFinder(li);
-         finder.setFindAllIntersections(true);
-         finder.setKeepIntersections(false);
-         return finder
-       };
+       }
 
-       var FastNodingValidator = function FastNodingValidator () {
-         this._li = new RobustLineIntersector();
-         this._segStrings = null;
-         this._findAllIntersections = false;
-         this._segInt = null;
-         this._isValid = true;
-         var segStrings = arguments[0];
-         this._segStrings = segStrings;
-       };
-       FastNodingValidator.prototype.execute = function execute () {
-         if (this._segInt !== null) { return null }
-         this.checkInteriorIntersections();
-       };
-       FastNodingValidator.prototype.getIntersections = function getIntersections () {
-         return this._segInt.getIntersections()
-       };
-       FastNodingValidator.prototype.isValid = function isValid () {
-         this.execute();
-         return this._isValid
-       };
-       FastNodingValidator.prototype.setFindAllIntersections = function setFindAllIntersections (findAllIntersections) {
-         this._findAllIntersections = findAllIntersections;
-       };
-       FastNodingValidator.prototype.checkInteriorIntersections = function checkInteriorIntersections () {
-         this._isValid = true;
-         this._segInt = new InteriorIntersectionFinder(this._li);
-         this._segInt.setFindAllIntersections(this._findAllIntersections);
-         var noder = new MCIndexNoder();
-         noder.setSegmentIntersector(this._segInt);
-         noder.computeNodes(this._segStrings);
-         if (this._segInt.hasIntersection()) {
-           this._isValid = false;
-           return null
-         }
-       };
-       FastNodingValidator.prototype.checkValid = function checkValid () {
-         this.execute();
-         if (!this._isValid) { throw new TopologyException(this.getErrorMessage(), this._segInt.getInteriorIntersection()) }
-       };
-       FastNodingValidator.prototype.getErrorMessage = function getErrorMessage () {
-         if (this._isValid) { return 'no intersections found' }
-         var intSegs = this._segInt.getIntersectionSegments();
-         return 'found non-noded intersection between ' + WKTWriter.toLineString(intSegs[0], intSegs[1]) + ' and ' + WKTWriter.toLineString(intSegs[2], intSegs[3])
-       };
-       FastNodingValidator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       FastNodingValidator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return FastNodingValidator
-       };
-       FastNodingValidator.computeIntersections = function computeIntersections (segStrings) {
-         var nv = new FastNodingValidator(segStrings);
-         nv.setFindAllIntersections(true);
-         nv.isValid();
-         return nv.getIntersections()
-       };
+       function isList$1(val) {
+         return val != null && typeof val != 'function' && typeof val.length == 'number';
+       }
 
-       var EdgeNodingValidator = function EdgeNodingValidator () {
-         this._nv = null;
-         var edges = arguments[0];
-         this._nv = new FastNodingValidator(EdgeNodingValidator.toSegmentStrings(edges));
-       };
-       EdgeNodingValidator.prototype.checkValid = function checkValid () {
-         this._nv.checkValid();
-       };
-       EdgeNodingValidator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       EdgeNodingValidator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return EdgeNodingValidator
+       function isFunction$1(val) {
+         return val && {}.toString.call(val) === '[object Function]';
+       }
+
+       function isObject$1(val) {
+         return val && {}.toString.call(val) === '[object Object]';
+       }
+
+       var util$5 = util$6;
+       var slice = util$5.slice;
+       var pluck = util$5.pluck;
+       var each$6 = util$5.each;
+       var bind = util$5.bind;
+       var create = util$5.create;
+       var isList = util$5.isList;
+       var isFunction = util$5.isFunction;
+       var isObject = util$5.isObject;
+       var storeEngine = {
+         createStore: _createStore
        };
-       EdgeNodingValidator.toSegmentStrings = function toSegmentStrings (edges) {
-         var segStrings = new ArrayList();
-         for (var i = edges.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var e = i.next();
-           segStrings.add(new BasicSegmentString(e.getCoordinates(), e));
+       var storeAPI = {
+         version: '2.0.12',
+         enabled: false,
+         // get returns the value of the given key. If that value
+         // is undefined, it returns optionalDefaultValue instead.
+         get: function get(key, optionalDefaultValue) {
+           var data = this.storage.read(this._namespacePrefix + key);
+           return this._deserialize(data, optionalDefaultValue);
+         },
+         // set will store the given value at key and returns value.
+         // Calling set with value === undefined is equivalent to calling remove.
+         set: function set(key, value) {
+           if (value === undefined) {
+             return this.remove(key);
+           }
+
+           this.storage.write(this._namespacePrefix + key, this._serialize(value));
+           return value;
+         },
+         // remove deletes the key and value stored at the given key.
+         remove: function remove(key) {
+           this.storage.remove(this._namespacePrefix + key);
+         },
+         // each will call the given callback once for each key-value pair
+         // in this store.
+         each: function each(callback) {
+           var self = this;
+           this.storage.each(function (val, namespacedKey) {
+             callback.call(self, self._deserialize(val), (namespacedKey || '').replace(self._namespaceRegexp, ''));
+           });
+         },
+         // clearAll will remove all the stored key-value pairs in this store.
+         clearAll: function clearAll() {
+           this.storage.clearAll();
+         },
+         // additional functionality that can't live in plugins
+         // ---------------------------------------------------
+         // hasNamespace returns true if this store instance has the given namespace.
+         hasNamespace: function hasNamespace(namespace) {
+           return this._namespacePrefix == '__storejs_' + namespace + '_';
+         },
+         // createStore creates a store.js instance with the first
+         // functioning storage in the list of storage candidates,
+         // and applies the the given mixins to the instance.
+         createStore: function createStore() {
+           return _createStore.apply(this, arguments);
+         },
+         addPlugin: function addPlugin(plugin) {
+           this._addPlugin(plugin);
+         },
+         namespace: function namespace(_namespace) {
+           return _createStore(this.storage, this.plugins, _namespace);
          }
-         return segStrings
-       };
-       EdgeNodingValidator.checkValid = function checkValid (edges) {
-         var validator = new EdgeNodingValidator(edges);
-         validator.checkValid();
        };
 
-       var GeometryCollectionMapper = function GeometryCollectionMapper (mapOp) {
-         this._mapOp = mapOp;
-       };
-       GeometryCollectionMapper.prototype.map = function map (gc) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+       function _warn() {
+         var _console = typeof console == 'undefined' ? null : console;
 
-         var mapped = new ArrayList();
-         for (var i = 0; i < gc.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
-           var g = this$1._mapOp.map(gc.getGeometryN(i));
-           if (!g.isEmpty()) { mapped.add(g); }
+         if (!_console) {
+           return;
          }
-         return gc.getFactory().createGeometryCollection(GeometryFactory.toGeometryArray(mapped))
-       };
-       GeometryCollectionMapper.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       GeometryCollectionMapper.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return GeometryCollectionMapper
-       };
-       GeometryCollectionMapper.map = function map (gc, op) {
-         var mapper = new GeometryCollectionMapper(op);
-         return mapper.map(gc)
-       };
 
-       var LineBuilder = function LineBuilder () {
-         this._op = null;
-         this._geometryFactory = null;
-         this._ptLocator = null;
-         this._lineEdgesList = new ArrayList();
-         this._resultLineList = new ArrayList();
-         var op = arguments[0];
-         var geometryFactory = arguments[1];
-         var ptLocator = arguments[2];
-         this._op = op;
-         this._geometryFactory = geometryFactory;
-         this._ptLocator = ptLocator;
-       };
-       LineBuilder.prototype.collectLines = function collectLines (opCode) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         var fn = _console.warn ? _console.warn : _console.log;
+         fn.apply(_console, arguments);
+       }
 
-         for (var it = this._op.getGraph().getEdgeEnds().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var de = it.next();
-           this$1.collectLineEdge(de, opCode, this$1._lineEdgesList);
-           this$1.collectBoundaryTouchEdge(de, opCode, this$1._lineEdgesList);
-         }
-       };
-       LineBuilder.prototype.labelIsolatedLine = function labelIsolatedLine (e, targetIndex) {
-         var loc = this._ptLocator.locate(e.getCoordinate(), this._op.getArgGeometry(targetIndex));
-         e.getLabel().setLocation(targetIndex, loc);
-       };
-       LineBuilder.prototype.build = function build (opCode) {
-         this.findCoveredLineEdges();
-         this.collectLines(opCode);
-         this.buildLines(opCode);
-         return this._resultLineList
-       };
-       LineBuilder.prototype.collectLineEdge = function collectLineEdge (de, opCode, edges) {
-         var label = de.getLabel();
-         var e = de.getEdge();
-         if (de.isLineEdge()) {
-           if (!de.isVisited() && OverlayOp.isResultOfOp(label, opCode) && !e.isCovered()) {
-             edges.add(e);
-             de.setVisitedEdge(true);
-           }
+       function _createStore(storages, plugins, namespace) {
+         if (!namespace) {
+           namespace = '';
          }
-       };
-       LineBuilder.prototype.findCoveredLineEdges = function findCoveredLineEdges () {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         for (var nodeit = this._op.getGraph().getNodes().iterator(); nodeit.hasNext();) {
-           var node = nodeit.next();
-           node.getEdges().findCoveredLineEdges();
-         }
-         for (var it = this._op.getGraph().getEdgeEnds().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var de = it.next();
-           var e = de.getEdge();
-           if (de.isLineEdge() && !e.isCoveredSet()) {
-             var isCovered = this$1._op.isCoveredByA(de.getCoordinate());
-             e.setCovered(isCovered);
-           }
+         if (storages && !isList(storages)) {
+           storages = [storages];
          }
-       };
-       LineBuilder.prototype.labelIsolatedLines = function labelIsolatedLines (edgesList) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         for (var it = edgesList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var e = it.next();
-           var label = e.getLabel();
-           if (e.isIsolated()) {
-             if (label.isNull(0)) { this$1.labelIsolatedLine(e, 0); } else { this$1.labelIsolatedLine(e, 1); }
-           }
+         if (plugins && !isList(plugins)) {
+           plugins = [plugins];
          }
-       };
-       LineBuilder.prototype.buildLines = function buildLines (opCode) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         for (var it = this._lineEdgesList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-           var e = it.next();
-           // const label = e.getLabel()
-           var line = this$1._geometryFactory.createLineString(e.getCoordinates());
-           this$1._resultLineList.add(line);
-           e.setInResult(true);
-         }
-       };
-       LineBuilder.prototype.collectBoundaryTouchEdge = function collectBoundaryTouchEdge (de, opCode, edges) {
-         var label = de.getLabel();
-         if (de.isLineEdge()) { return null }
-         if (de.isVisited()) { return null }
-         if (de.isInteriorAreaEdge()) { return null }
-         if (de.getEdge().isInResult()) { return null }
-         Assert.isTrue(!(de.isInResult() || de.getSym().isInResult()) || !de.getEdge().isInResult());
-         if (OverlayOp.isResultOfOp(label, opCode) && opCode === OverlayOp.INTERSECTION) {
-           edges.add(de.getEdge());
-           de.setVisitedEdge(true);
-         }
-       };
-       LineBuilder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       LineBuilder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return LineBuilder
-       };
+         var namespacePrefix = namespace ? '__storejs_' + namespace + '_' : '';
+         var namespaceRegexp = namespace ? new RegExp('^' + namespacePrefix) : null;
+         var legalNamespaces = /^[a-zA-Z0-9_\-]*$/; // alpha-numeric + underscore and dash
 
-       var PointBuilder = function PointBuilder () {
-         this._op = null;
-         this._geometryFactory = null;
-         this._resultPointList = new ArrayList();
-         var op = arguments[0];
-         var geometryFactory = arguments[1];
-         // const ptLocator = arguments[2]
-         this._op = op;
-         this._geometryFactory = geometryFactory;
-       };
-       PointBuilder.prototype.filterCoveredNodeToPoint = function filterCoveredNodeToPoint (n) {
-         var coord = n.getCoordinate();
-         if (!this._op.isCoveredByLA(coord)) {
-           var pt = this._geometryFactory.createPoint(coord);
-           this._resultPointList.add(pt);
+         if (!legalNamespaces.test(namespace)) {
+           throw new Error('store.js namespaces can only have alphanumerics + underscores and dashes');
          }
-       };
-       PointBuilder.prototype.extractNonCoveredResultNodes = function extractNonCoveredResultNodes (opCode) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         for (var nodeit = this._op.getGraph().getNodes().iterator(); nodeit.hasNext();) {
-           var n = nodeit.next();
-           if (n.isInResult()) { continue }
-           if (n.isIncidentEdgeInResult()) { continue }
-           if (n.getEdges().getDegree() === 0 || opCode === OverlayOp.INTERSECTION) {
-             var label = n.getLabel();
-             if (OverlayOp.isResultOfOp(label, opCode)) {
-               this$1.filterCoveredNodeToPoint(n);
+         var _privateStoreProps = {
+           _namespacePrefix: namespacePrefix,
+           _namespaceRegexp: namespaceRegexp,
+           _testStorage: function _testStorage(storage) {
+             try {
+               var testStr = '__storejs__test__';
+               storage.write(testStr, testStr);
+               var ok = storage.read(testStr) === testStr;
+               storage.remove(testStr);
+               return ok;
+             } catch (e) {
+               return false;
              }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       PointBuilder.prototype.build = function build (opCode) {
-         this.extractNonCoveredResultNodes(opCode);
-         return this._resultPointList
-       };
-       PointBuilder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       PointBuilder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return PointBuilder
-       };
+           },
+           _assignPluginFnProp: function _assignPluginFnProp(pluginFnProp, propName) {
+             var oldFn = this[propName];
 
-       var GeometryTransformer = function GeometryTransformer () {
-         this._inputGeom = null;
-         this._factory = null;
-         this._pruneEmptyGeometry = true;
-         this._preserveGeometryCollectionType = true;
-         this._preserveCollections = false;
-         this._preserveType = false;
-       };
-       GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformPoint = function transformPoint (geom, parent) {
-         return this._factory.createPoint(this.transformCoordinates(geom.getCoordinateSequence(), geom))
-       };
-       GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformPolygon = function transformPolygon (geom, parent) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         var isAllValidLinearRings = true;
-         var shell = this.transformLinearRing(geom.getExteriorRing(), geom);
-         if (shell === null || !(shell instanceof LinearRing) || shell.isEmpty()) { isAllValidLinearRings = false; }
-         var holes = new ArrayList();
-         for (var i = 0; i < geom.getNumInteriorRing(); i++) {
-           var hole = this$1.transformLinearRing(geom.getInteriorRingN(i), geom);
-           if (hole === null || hole.isEmpty()) {
-             continue
-           }
-           if (!(hole instanceof LinearRing)) { isAllValidLinearRings = false; }
-           holes.add(hole);
-         }
-         if (isAllValidLinearRings) { return this._factory.createPolygon(shell, holes.toArray([])); } else {
-           var components = new ArrayList();
-           if (shell !== null) { components.add(shell); }
-           components.addAll(holes);
-           return this._factory.buildGeometry(components)
-         }
-       };
-       GeometryTransformer.prototype.createCoordinateSequence = function createCoordinateSequence (coords) {
-         return this._factory.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create(coords)
-       };
-       GeometryTransformer.prototype.getInputGeometry = function getInputGeometry () {
-         return this._inputGeom
-       };
-       GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformMultiLineString = function transformMultiLineString (geom, parent) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             this[propName] = function pluginFn() {
+               var args = slice(arguments, 0);
+               var self = this; // super_fn calls the old function which was overwritten by
+               // this mixin.
 
-         var transGeomList = new ArrayList();
-         for (var i = 0; i < geom.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
-           var transformGeom = this$1.transformLineString(geom.getGeometryN(i), geom);
-           if (transformGeom === null) { continue }
-           if (transformGeom.isEmpty()) { continue }
-           transGeomList.add(transformGeom);
-         }
-         return this._factory.buildGeometry(transGeomList)
-       };
-       GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformCoordinates = function transformCoordinates (coords, parent) {
-         return this.copy(coords)
-       };
-       GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformLineString = function transformLineString (geom, parent) {
-         return this._factory.createLineString(this.transformCoordinates(geom.getCoordinateSequence(), geom))
-       };
-       GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformMultiPoint = function transformMultiPoint (geom, parent) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               function super_fn() {
+                 if (!oldFn) {
+                   return;
+                 }
 
-         var transGeomList = new ArrayList();
-         for (var i = 0; i < geom.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
-           var transformGeom = this$1.transformPoint(geom.getGeometryN(i), geom);
-           if (transformGeom === null) { continue }
-           if (transformGeom.isEmpty()) { continue }
-           transGeomList.add(transformGeom);
-         }
-         return this._factory.buildGeometry(transGeomList)
-       };
-       GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformMultiPolygon = function transformMultiPolygon (geom, parent) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                 each$6(arguments, function (arg, i) {
+                   args[i] = arg;
+                 });
+                 return oldFn.apply(self, args);
+               } // Give mixing function access to super_fn by prefixing all mixin function
+               // arguments with super_fn.
 
-         var transGeomList = new ArrayList();
-         for (var i = 0; i < geom.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
-           var transformGeom = this$1.transformPolygon(geom.getGeometryN(i), geom);
-           if (transformGeom === null) { continue }
-           if (transformGeom.isEmpty()) { continue }
-           transGeomList.add(transformGeom);
-         }
-         return this._factory.buildGeometry(transGeomList)
-       };
-       GeometryTransformer.prototype.copy = function copy (seq) {
-         return seq.copy()
-       };
-       GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformGeometryCollection = function transformGeometryCollection (geom, parent) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-         var transGeomList = new ArrayList();
-         for (var i = 0; i < geom.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
-           var transformGeom = this$1.transform(geom.getGeometryN(i));
-           if (transformGeom === null) { continue }
-           if (this$1._pruneEmptyGeometry && transformGeom.isEmpty()) { continue }
-           transGeomList.add(transformGeom);
-         }
-         if (this._preserveGeometryCollectionType) { return this._factory.createGeometryCollection(GeometryFactory.toGeometryArray(transGeomList)) }
-         return this._factory.buildGeometry(transGeomList)
-       };
-       GeometryTransformer.prototype.transform = function transform (inputGeom) {
-         this._inputGeom = inputGeom;
-         this._factory = inputGeom.getFactory();
-         if (inputGeom instanceof Point$1) { return this.transformPoint(inputGeom, null) }
-         if (inputGeom instanceof MultiPoint) { return this.transformMultiPoint(inputGeom, null) }
-         if (inputGeom instanceof LinearRing) { return this.transformLinearRing(inputGeom, null) }
-         if (inputGeom instanceof LineString) { return this.transformLineString(inputGeom, null) }
-         if (inputGeom instanceof MultiLineString) { return this.transformMultiLineString(inputGeom, null) }
-         if (inputGeom instanceof Polygon) { return this.transformPolygon(inputGeom, null) }
-         if (inputGeom instanceof MultiPolygon) { return this.transformMultiPolygon(inputGeom, null) }
-         if (inputGeom instanceof GeometryCollection) { return this.transformGeometryCollection(inputGeom, null) }
-         throw new IllegalArgumentException('Unknown Geometry subtype: ' + inputGeom.getClass().getName())
-       };
-       GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformLinearRing = function transformLinearRing (geom, parent) {
-         var seq = this.transformCoordinates(geom.getCoordinateSequence(), geom);
-         if (seq === null) { return this._factory.createLinearRing(null) }
-         var seqSize = seq.size();
-         if (seqSize > 0 && seqSize < 4 && !this._preserveType) { return this._factory.createLineString(seq) }
-         return this._factory.createLinearRing(seq)
-       };
-       GeometryTransformer.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       GeometryTransformer.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return GeometryTransformer
-       };
 
-       var LineStringSnapper = function LineStringSnapper () {
-         this._snapTolerance = 0.0;
-         this._srcPts = null;
-         this._seg = new LineSegment();
-         this._allowSnappingToSourceVertices = false;
-         this._isClosed = false;
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof LineString && typeof arguments[1] === 'number') {
-           var srcLine = arguments[0];
-           var snapTolerance = arguments[1];
-           LineStringSnapper.call(this, srcLine.getCoordinates(), snapTolerance);
-         } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Array && typeof arguments[1] === 'number') {
-           var srcPts = arguments[0];
-           var snapTolerance$1 = arguments[1];
-           this._srcPts = srcPts;
-           this._isClosed = LineStringSnapper.isClosed(srcPts);
-           this._snapTolerance = snapTolerance$1;
-         }
-       };
-       LineStringSnapper.prototype.snapVertices = function snapVertices (srcCoords, snapPts) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               var newFnArgs = [super_fn].concat(args);
+               return pluginFnProp.apply(self, newFnArgs);
+             };
+           },
+           _serialize: function _serialize(obj) {
+             return JSON.stringify(obj);
+           },
+           _deserialize: function _deserialize(strVal, defaultVal) {
+             if (!strVal) {
+               return defaultVal;
+             } // It is possible that a raw string value has been previously stored
+             // in a storage without using store.js, meaning it will be a raw
+             // string value instead of a JSON serialized string. By defaulting
+             // to the raw string value in case of a JSON parse error, we allow
+             // for past stored values to be forwards-compatible with store.js
 
-         var end = this._isClosed ? srcCoords.size() - 1 : srcCoords.size();
-         for (var i = 0; i < end; i++) {
-           var srcPt = srcCoords.get(i);
-           var snapVert = this$1.findSnapForVertex(srcPt, snapPts);
-           if (snapVert !== null) {
-             srcCoords.set(i, new Coordinate(snapVert));
-             if (i === 0 && this$1._isClosed) { srcCoords.set(srcCoords.size() - 1, new Coordinate(snapVert)); }
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       LineStringSnapper.prototype.findSnapForVertex = function findSnapForVertex (pt, snapPts) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < snapPts.length; i++) {
-           if (pt.equals2D(snapPts[i])) { return null }
-           if (pt.distance(snapPts[i]) < this$1._snapTolerance) { return snapPts[i] }
-         }
-         return null
-       };
-       LineStringSnapper.prototype.snapTo = function snapTo (snapPts) {
-         var coordList = new CoordinateList(this._srcPts);
-         this.snapVertices(coordList, snapPts);
-         this.snapSegments(coordList, snapPts);
-         var newPts = coordList.toCoordinateArray();
-         return newPts
-       };
-       LineStringSnapper.prototype.snapSegments = function snapSegments (srcCoords, snapPts) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             var val = '';
 
-         if (snapPts.length === 0) { return null }
-         var distinctPtCount = snapPts.length;
-         if (snapPts[0].equals2D(snapPts[snapPts.length - 1])) { distinctPtCount = snapPts.length - 1; }
-         for (var i = 0; i < distinctPtCount; i++) {
-           var snapPt = snapPts[i];
-           var index = this$1.findSegmentIndexToSnap(snapPt, srcCoords);
-           if (index >= 0) {
-             srcCoords.add(index + 1, new Coordinate(snapPt), false);
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       LineStringSnapper.prototype.findSegmentIndexToSnap = function findSegmentIndexToSnap (snapPt, srcCoords) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             try {
+               val = JSON.parse(strVal);
+             } catch (e) {
+               val = strVal;
+             }
+
+             return val !== undefined ? val : defaultVal;
+           },
+           _addStorage: function _addStorage(storage) {
+             if (this.enabled) {
+               return;
+             }
+
+             if (this._testStorage(storage)) {
+               this.storage = storage;
+               this.enabled = true;
+             }
+           },
+           _addPlugin: function _addPlugin(plugin) {
+             var self = this; // If the plugin is an array, then add all plugins in the array.
+             // This allows for a plugin to depend on other plugins.
+
+             if (isList(plugin)) {
+               each$6(plugin, function (plugin) {
+                 self._addPlugin(plugin);
+               });
+               return;
+             } // Keep track of all plugins we've seen so far, so that we
+             // don't add any of them twice.
+
+
+             var seenPlugin = pluck(this.plugins, function (seenPlugin) {
+               return plugin === seenPlugin;
+             });
+
+             if (seenPlugin) {
+               return;
+             }
 
-         var minDist = Double.MAX_VALUE;
-         var snapIndex = -1;
-         for (var i = 0; i < srcCoords.size() - 1; i++) {
-           this$1._seg.p0 = srcCoords.get(i);
-           this$1._seg.p1 = srcCoords.get(i + 1);
-           if (this$1._seg.p0.equals2D(snapPt) || this$1._seg.p1.equals2D(snapPt)) {
-             if (this$1._allowSnappingToSourceVertices) { continue; } else { return -1 }
+             this.plugins.push(plugin); // Check that the plugin is properly formed
+
+             if (!isFunction(plugin)) {
+               throw new Error('Plugins must be function values that return objects');
+             }
+
+             var pluginProperties = plugin.call(this);
+
+             if (!isObject(pluginProperties)) {
+               throw new Error('Plugins must return an object of function properties');
+             } // Add the plugin function properties to this store instance.
+
+
+             each$6(pluginProperties, function (pluginFnProp, propName) {
+               if (!isFunction(pluginFnProp)) {
+                 throw new Error('Bad plugin property: ' + propName + ' from plugin ' + plugin.name + '. Plugins should only return functions.');
+               }
+
+               self._assignPluginFnProp(pluginFnProp, propName);
+             });
+           },
+           // Put deprecated properties in the private API, so as to not expose it to accidential
+           // discovery through inspection of the store object.
+           // Deprecated: addStorage
+           addStorage: function addStorage(storage) {
+             _warn('store.addStorage(storage) is deprecated. Use createStore([storages])');
+
+             this._addStorage(storage);
            }
-           var dist = this$1._seg.distance(snapPt);
-           if (dist < this$1._snapTolerance && dist < minDist) {
-             minDist = dist;
-             snapIndex = i;
+         };
+         var store = create(_privateStoreProps, storeAPI, {
+           plugins: []
+         });
+         store.raw = {};
+         each$6(store, function (prop, propName) {
+           if (isFunction(prop)) {
+             store.raw[propName] = bind(store, prop);
            }
-         }
-         return snapIndex
-       };
-       LineStringSnapper.prototype.setAllowSnappingToSourceVertices = function setAllowSnappingToSourceVertices (allowSnappingToSourceVertices) {
-         this._allowSnappingToSourceVertices = allowSnappingToSourceVertices;
-       };
-       LineStringSnapper.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       LineStringSnapper.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return LineStringSnapper
-       };
-       LineStringSnapper.isClosed = function isClosed (pts) {
-         if (pts.length <= 1) { return false }
-         return pts[0].equals2D(pts[pts.length - 1])
-       };
+         });
+         each$6(storages, function (storage) {
+           store._addStorage(storage);
+         });
+         each$6(plugins, function (plugin) {
+           store._addPlugin(plugin);
+         });
+         return store;
+       }
 
-       var GeometrySnapper = function GeometrySnapper (srcGeom) {
-         this._srcGeom = srcGeom || null;
+       var util$4 = util$6;
+       var Global$4 = util$4.Global;
+       var localStorage_1 = {
+         name: 'localStorage',
+         read: read$5,
+         write: write$5,
+         each: each$5,
+         remove: remove$5,
+         clearAll: clearAll$5
        };
 
-       var staticAccessors$41 = { SNAP_PRECISION_FACTOR: { configurable: true } };
-       GeometrySnapper.prototype.snapTo = function snapTo (snapGeom, snapTolerance) {
-         var snapPts = this.extractTargetCoordinates(snapGeom);
-         var snapTrans = new SnapTransformer(snapTolerance, snapPts);
-         return snapTrans.transform(this._srcGeom)
-       };
-       GeometrySnapper.prototype.snapToSelf = function snapToSelf (snapTolerance, cleanResult) {
-         var snapPts = this.extractTargetCoordinates(this._srcGeom);
-         var snapTrans = new SnapTransformer(snapTolerance, snapPts, true);
-         var snappedGeom = snapTrans.transform(this._srcGeom);
-         var result = snappedGeom;
-         if (cleanResult && hasInterface(result, Polygonal)) {
-           result = snappedGeom.buffer(0);
-         }
-         return result
-       };
-       GeometrySnapper.prototype.computeSnapTolerance = function computeSnapTolerance (ringPts) {
-         var minSegLen = this.computeMinimumSegmentLength(ringPts);
-         var snapTol = minSegLen / 10;
-         return snapTol
-       };
-       GeometrySnapper.prototype.extractTargetCoordinates = function extractTargetCoordinates (g) {
-         var ptSet = new TreeSet();
-         var pts = g.getCoordinates();
-         for (var i = 0; i < pts.length; i++) {
-           ptSet.add(pts[i]);
-         }
-         return ptSet.toArray(new Array(0).fill(null))
-       };
-       GeometrySnapper.prototype.computeMinimumSegmentLength = function computeMinimumSegmentLength (pts) {
-         var minSegLen = Double.MAX_VALUE;
-         for (var i = 0; i < pts.length - 1; i++) {
-           var segLen = pts[i].distance(pts[i + 1]);
-           if (segLen < minSegLen) { minSegLen = segLen; }
-         }
-         return minSegLen
-       };
-       GeometrySnapper.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       GeometrySnapper.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return GeometrySnapper
-       };
-       GeometrySnapper.snap = function snap (g0, g1, snapTolerance) {
-         var snapGeom = new Array(2).fill(null);
-         var snapper0 = new GeometrySnapper(g0);
-         snapGeom[0] = snapper0.snapTo(g1, snapTolerance);
-         var snapper1 = new GeometrySnapper(g1);
-         snapGeom[1] = snapper1.snapTo(snapGeom[0], snapTolerance);
-         return snapGeom
-       };
-       GeometrySnapper.computeOverlaySnapTolerance = function computeOverlaySnapTolerance () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var g = arguments[0];
-           var snapTolerance = GeometrySnapper.computeSizeBasedSnapTolerance(g);
-           var pm = g.getPrecisionModel();
-           if (pm.getType() === PrecisionModel.FIXED) {
-             var fixedSnapTol = 1 / pm.getScale() * 2 / 1.415;
-             if (fixedSnapTol > snapTolerance) { snapTolerance = fixedSnapTol; }
-           }
-           return snapTolerance
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var g0 = arguments[0];
-           var g1 = arguments[1];
-           return Math.min(GeometrySnapper.computeOverlaySnapTolerance(g0), GeometrySnapper.computeOverlaySnapTolerance(g1))
-         }
-       };
-       GeometrySnapper.computeSizeBasedSnapTolerance = function computeSizeBasedSnapTolerance (g) {
-         var env = g.getEnvelopeInternal();
-         var minDimension = Math.min(env.getHeight(), env.getWidth());
-         var snapTol = minDimension * GeometrySnapper.SNAP_PRECISION_FACTOR;
-         return snapTol
-       };
-       GeometrySnapper.snapToSelf = function snapToSelf (geom, snapTolerance, cleanResult) {
-         var snapper0 = new GeometrySnapper(geom);
-         return snapper0.snapToSelf(snapTolerance, cleanResult)
-       };
-       staticAccessors$41.SNAP_PRECISION_FACTOR.get = function () { return 1e-9 };
+       function localStorage$1() {
+         return Global$4.localStorage;
+       }
+
+       function read$5(key) {
+         return localStorage$1().getItem(key);
+       }
 
-       Object.defineProperties( GeometrySnapper, staticAccessors$41 );
+       function write$5(key, data) {
+         return localStorage$1().setItem(key, data);
+       }
 
-       var SnapTransformer = (function (GeometryTransformer$$1) {
-         function SnapTransformer (snapTolerance, snapPts, isSelfSnap) {
-           GeometryTransformer$$1.call(this);
-           this._snapTolerance = snapTolerance || null;
-           this._snapPts = snapPts || null;
-           this._isSelfSnap = (isSelfSnap !== undefined) ? isSelfSnap : false;
+       function each$5(fn) {
+         for (var i = localStorage$1().length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+           var key = localStorage$1().key(i);
+           fn(read$5(key), key);
          }
+       }
 
-         if ( GeometryTransformer$$1 ) SnapTransformer.__proto__ = GeometryTransformer$$1;
-         SnapTransformer.prototype = Object.create( GeometryTransformer$$1 && GeometryTransformer$$1.prototype );
-         SnapTransformer.prototype.constructor = SnapTransformer;
-         SnapTransformer.prototype.snapLine = function snapLine (srcPts, snapPts) {
-           var snapper = new LineStringSnapper(srcPts, this._snapTolerance);
-           snapper.setAllowSnappingToSourceVertices(this._isSelfSnap);
-           return snapper.snapTo(snapPts)
-         };
-         SnapTransformer.prototype.transformCoordinates = function transformCoordinates (coords, parent) {
-           var srcPts = coords.toCoordinateArray();
-           var newPts = this.snapLine(srcPts, this._snapPts);
-           return this._factory.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create(newPts)
-         };
-         SnapTransformer.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         SnapTransformer.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return SnapTransformer
-         };
+       function remove$5(key) {
+         return localStorage$1().removeItem(key);
+       }
 
-         return SnapTransformer;
-       }(GeometryTransformer));
+       function clearAll$5() {
+         return localStorage$1().clear();
+       }
 
-       var CommonBits = function CommonBits () {
-         this._isFirst = true;
-         this._commonMantissaBitsCount = 53;
-         this._commonBits = 0;
-         this._commonSignExp = null;
-       };
-       CommonBits.prototype.getCommon = function getCommon () {
-         return Double.longBitsToDouble(this._commonBits)
-       };
-       CommonBits.prototype.add = function add (num) {
-         var numBits = Double.doubleToLongBits(num);
-         if (this._isFirst) {
-           this._commonBits = numBits;
-           this._commonSignExp = CommonBits.signExpBits(this._commonBits);
-           this._isFirst = false;
-           return null
-         }
-         var numSignExp = CommonBits.signExpBits(numBits);
-         if (numSignExp !== this._commonSignExp) {
-           this._commonBits = 0;
-           return null
-         }
-         this._commonMantissaBitsCount = CommonBits.numCommonMostSigMantissaBits(this._commonBits, numBits);
-         this._commonBits = CommonBits.zeroLowerBits(this._commonBits, 64 - (12 + this._commonMantissaBitsCount));
-       };
-       CommonBits.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var bits = arguments[0];
-           var x = Double.longBitsToDouble(bits);
-           var numStr = Double.toBinaryString(bits);
-           var padStr = '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000' + numStr;
-           var bitStr = padStr.substring(padStr.length - 64);
-           var str = bitStr.substring(0, 1) + '  ' + bitStr.substring(1, 12) + '(exp) ' + bitStr.substring(12) + ' [ ' + x + ' ]';
-           return str
-         }
-       };
-       CommonBits.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       CommonBits.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return CommonBits
-       };
-       CommonBits.getBit = function getBit (bits, i) {
-         var mask = 1 << i;
-         return (bits & mask) !== 0 ? 1 : 0
-       };
-       CommonBits.signExpBits = function signExpBits (num) {
-         return num >> 52
-       };
-       CommonBits.zeroLowerBits = function zeroLowerBits (bits, nBits) {
-         var invMask = (1 << nBits) - 1;
-         var mask = ~invMask;
-         var zeroed = bits & mask;
-         return zeroed
+       // versions 6 and 7, where no localStorage, etc
+       // is available.
+
+       var util$3 = util$6;
+       var Global$3 = util$3.Global;
+       var oldFFGlobalStorage = {
+         name: 'oldFF-globalStorage',
+         read: read$4,
+         write: write$4,
+         each: each$4,
+         remove: remove$4,
+         clearAll: clearAll$4
        };
-       CommonBits.numCommonMostSigMantissaBits = function numCommonMostSigMantissaBits (num1, num2) {
-         var count = 0;
-         for (var i = 52; i >= 0; i--) {
-           if (CommonBits.getBit(num1, i) !== CommonBits.getBit(num2, i)) { return count }
-           count++;
+       var globalStorage = Global$3.globalStorage;
+
+       function read$4(key) {
+         return globalStorage[key];
+       }
+
+       function write$4(key, data) {
+         globalStorage[key] = data;
+       }
+
+       function each$4(fn) {
+         for (var i = globalStorage.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+           var key = globalStorage.key(i);
+           fn(globalStorage[key], key);
          }
-         return 52
-       };
+       }
 
-       var CommonBitsRemover = function CommonBitsRemover () {
-         this._commonCoord = null;
-         this._ccFilter = new CommonCoordinateFilter();
-       };
+       function remove$4(key) {
+         return globalStorage.removeItem(key);
+       }
 
-       var staticAccessors$42 = { CommonCoordinateFilter: { configurable: true },Translater: { configurable: true } };
-       CommonBitsRemover.prototype.addCommonBits = function addCommonBits (geom) {
-         var trans = new Translater(this._commonCoord);
-         geom.apply(trans);
-         geom.geometryChanged();
-       };
-       CommonBitsRemover.prototype.removeCommonBits = function removeCommonBits (geom) {
-         if (this._commonCoord.x === 0.0 && this._commonCoord.y === 0.0) { return geom }
-         var invCoord = new Coordinate(this._commonCoord);
-         invCoord.x = -invCoord.x;
-         invCoord.y = -invCoord.y;
-         var trans = new Translater(invCoord);
-         geom.apply(trans);
-         geom.geometryChanged();
-         return geom
-       };
-       CommonBitsRemover.prototype.getCommonCoordinate = function getCommonCoordinate () {
-         return this._commonCoord
-       };
-       CommonBitsRemover.prototype.add = function add (geom) {
-         geom.apply(this._ccFilter);
-         this._commonCoord = this._ccFilter.getCommonCoordinate();
-       };
-       CommonBitsRemover.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       CommonBitsRemover.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return CommonBitsRemover
-       };
-       staticAccessors$42.CommonCoordinateFilter.get = function () { return CommonCoordinateFilter };
-       staticAccessors$42.Translater.get = function () { return Translater };
+       function clearAll$4() {
+         each$4(function (key, _) {
+           delete globalStorage[key];
+         });
+       }
 
-       Object.defineProperties( CommonBitsRemover, staticAccessors$42 );
+       // versions 6 and 7, where no localStorage, sessionStorage, etc
+       // is available.
 
-       var CommonCoordinateFilter = function CommonCoordinateFilter () {
-         this._commonBitsX = new CommonBits();
-         this._commonBitsY = new CommonBits();
-       };
-       CommonCoordinateFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (coord) {
-         this._commonBitsX.add(coord.x);
-         this._commonBitsY.add(coord.y);
-       };
-       CommonCoordinateFilter.prototype.getCommonCoordinate = function getCommonCoordinate () {
-         return new Coordinate(this._commonBitsX.getCommon(), this._commonBitsY.getCommon())
-       };
-       CommonCoordinateFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [CoordinateFilter]
-       };
-       CommonCoordinateFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return CommonCoordinateFilter
+       var util$2 = util$6;
+       var Global$2 = util$2.Global;
+       var oldIEUserDataStorage = {
+         name: 'oldIE-userDataStorage',
+         write: write$3,
+         read: read$3,
+         each: each$3,
+         remove: remove$3,
+         clearAll: clearAll$3
        };
+       var storageName = 'storejs';
+       var doc$1 = Global$2.document;
 
-       var Translater = function Translater () {
-         this.trans = null;
-         var trans = arguments[0];
-         this.trans = trans;
-       };
-       Translater.prototype.filter = function filter (seq, i) {
-         var xp = seq.getOrdinate(i, 0) + this.trans.x;
-         var yp = seq.getOrdinate(i, 1) + this.trans.y;
-         seq.setOrdinate(i, 0, xp);
-         seq.setOrdinate(i, 1, yp);
-       };
-       Translater.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {
-         return false
-       };
-       Translater.prototype.isGeometryChanged = function isGeometryChanged () {
-         return true
-       };
-       Translater.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [CoordinateSequenceFilter]
-       };
-       Translater.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return Translater
-       };
+       var _withStorageEl = _makeIEStorageElFunction();
 
-       var SnapOverlayOp = function SnapOverlayOp (g1, g2) {
-         this._geom = new Array(2).fill(null);
-         this._snapTolerance = null;
-         this._cbr = null;
-         this._geom[0] = g1;
-         this._geom[1] = g2;
-         this.computeSnapTolerance();
-       };
-       SnapOverlayOp.prototype.selfSnap = function selfSnap (geom) {
-         var snapper0 = new GeometrySnapper(geom);
-         var snapGeom = snapper0.snapTo(geom, this._snapTolerance);
-         return snapGeom
-       };
-       SnapOverlayOp.prototype.removeCommonBits = function removeCommonBits (geom) {
-         this._cbr = new CommonBitsRemover();
-         this._cbr.add(geom[0]);
-         this._cbr.add(geom[1]);
-         var remGeom = new Array(2).fill(null);
-         remGeom[0] = this._cbr.removeCommonBits(geom[0].copy());
-         remGeom[1] = this._cbr.removeCommonBits(geom[1].copy());
-         return remGeom
-       };
-       SnapOverlayOp.prototype.prepareResult = function prepareResult (geom) {
-         this._cbr.addCommonBits(geom);
-         return geom
-       };
-       SnapOverlayOp.prototype.getResultGeometry = function getResultGeometry (opCode) {
-         var prepGeom = this.snap(this._geom);
-         var result = OverlayOp.overlayOp(prepGeom[0], prepGeom[1], opCode);
-         return this.prepareResult(result)
-       };
-       SnapOverlayOp.prototype.checkValid = function checkValid (g) {
-         if (!g.isValid()) {
-           System.out.println('Snapped geometry is invalid');
-         }
-       };
-       SnapOverlayOp.prototype.computeSnapTolerance = function computeSnapTolerance () {
-         this._snapTolerance = GeometrySnapper.computeOverlaySnapTolerance(this._geom[0], this._geom[1]);
-       };
-       SnapOverlayOp.prototype.snap = function snap (geom) {
-         var remGeom = this.removeCommonBits(geom);
-         var snapGeom = GeometrySnapper.snap(remGeom[0], remGeom[1], this._snapTolerance);
-         return snapGeom
-       };
-       SnapOverlayOp.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       SnapOverlayOp.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return SnapOverlayOp
-       };
-       SnapOverlayOp.overlayOp = function overlayOp (g0, g1, opCode) {
-         var op = new SnapOverlayOp(g0, g1);
-         return op.getResultGeometry(opCode)
-       };
-       SnapOverlayOp.union = function union (g0, g1) {
-         return SnapOverlayOp.overlayOp(g0, g1, OverlayOp.UNION)
-       };
-       SnapOverlayOp.intersection = function intersection (g0, g1) {
-         return SnapOverlayOp.overlayOp(g0, g1, OverlayOp.INTERSECTION)
-       };
-       SnapOverlayOp.symDifference = function symDifference (g0, g1) {
-         return SnapOverlayOp.overlayOp(g0, g1, OverlayOp.SYMDIFFERENCE)
-       };
-       SnapOverlayOp.difference = function difference (g0, g1) {
-         return SnapOverlayOp.overlayOp(g0, g1, OverlayOp.DIFFERENCE)
-       };
+       var disable = (Global$2.navigator ? Global$2.navigator.userAgent : '').match(/ (MSIE 8|MSIE 9|MSIE 10)\./); // MSIE 9.x, MSIE 10.x
 
-       var SnapIfNeededOverlayOp = function SnapIfNeededOverlayOp (g1, g2) {
-         this._geom = new Array(2).fill(null);
-         this._geom[0] = g1;
-         this._geom[1] = g2;
-       };
-       SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.prototype.getResultGeometry = function getResultGeometry (opCode) {
-         var result = null;
-         var isSuccess = false;
-         var savedException = null;
-         try {
-           result = OverlayOp.overlayOp(this._geom[0], this._geom[1], opCode);
-           var isValid = true;
-           if (isValid) { isSuccess = true; }
-         } catch (ex) {
-           if (ex instanceof RuntimeException) {
-             savedException = ex;
-           } else { throw ex }
-         } finally {}
-         if (!isSuccess) {
-           try {
-             result = SnapOverlayOp.overlayOp(this._geom[0], this._geom[1], opCode);
-           } catch (ex) {
-             if (ex instanceof RuntimeException) {
-               throw savedException
-             } else { throw ex }
-           } finally {}
+       function write$3(unfixedKey, data) {
+         if (disable) {
+           return;
          }
-         return result
-       };
-       SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp
-       };
-       SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp = function overlayOp (g0, g1, opCode) {
-         var op = new SnapIfNeededOverlayOp(g0, g1);
-         return op.getResultGeometry(opCode)
-       };
-       SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.union = function union (g0, g1) {
-         return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp(g0, g1, OverlayOp.UNION)
-       };
-       SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.intersection = function intersection (g0, g1) {
-         return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp(g0, g1, OverlayOp.INTERSECTION)
-       };
-       SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.symDifference = function symDifference (g0, g1) {
-         return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp(g0, g1, OverlayOp.SYMDIFFERENCE)
-       };
-       SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.difference = function difference (g0, g1) {
-         return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp(g0, g1, OverlayOp.DIFFERENCE)
-       };
 
-       var MonotoneChain$2 = function MonotoneChain () {
-         this.mce = null;
-         this.chainIndex = null;
-         var mce = arguments[0];
-         var chainIndex = arguments[1];
-         this.mce = mce;
-         this.chainIndex = chainIndex;
-       };
-       MonotoneChain$2.prototype.computeIntersections = function computeIntersections (mc, si) {
-         this.mce.computeIntersectsForChain(this.chainIndex, mc.mce, mc.chainIndex, si);
-       };
-       MonotoneChain$2.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       MonotoneChain$2.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return MonotoneChain$2
-       };
+         var fixedKey = fixKey(unfixedKey);
+
+         _withStorageEl(function (storageEl) {
+           storageEl.setAttribute(fixedKey, data);
+           storageEl.save(storageName);
+         });
+       }
 
-       var SweepLineEvent = function SweepLineEvent () {
-         this._label = null;
-         this._xValue = null;
-         this._eventType = null;
-         this._insertEvent = null;
-         this._deleteEventIndex = null;
-         this._obj = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var x = arguments[0];
-           var insertEvent = arguments[1];
-           this._eventType = SweepLineEvent.DELETE;
-           this._xValue = x;
-           this._insertEvent = insertEvent;
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var label = arguments[0];
-           var x$1 = arguments[1];
-           var obj = arguments[2];
-           this._eventType = SweepLineEvent.INSERT;
-           this._label = label;
-           this._xValue = x$1;
-           this._obj = obj;
+       function read$3(unfixedKey) {
+         if (disable) {
+           return;
          }
-       };
 
-       var staticAccessors$43 = { INSERT: { configurable: true },DELETE: { configurable: true } };
-       SweepLineEvent.prototype.isDelete = function isDelete () {
-         return this._eventType === SweepLineEvent.DELETE
-       };
-       SweepLineEvent.prototype.setDeleteEventIndex = function setDeleteEventIndex (deleteEventIndex) {
-         this._deleteEventIndex = deleteEventIndex;
-       };
-       SweepLineEvent.prototype.getObject = function getObject () {
-         return this._obj
-       };
-       SweepLineEvent.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
-         var pe = o;
-         if (this._xValue < pe._xValue) { return -1 }
-         if (this._xValue > pe._xValue) { return 1 }
-         if (this._eventType < pe._eventType) { return -1 }
-         if (this._eventType > pe._eventType) { return 1 }
-         return 0
-       };
-       SweepLineEvent.prototype.getInsertEvent = function getInsertEvent () {
-         return this._insertEvent
-       };
-       SweepLineEvent.prototype.isInsert = function isInsert () {
-         return this._eventType === SweepLineEvent.INSERT
-       };
-       SweepLineEvent.prototype.isSameLabel = function isSameLabel (ev) {
-         if (this._label === null) { return false }
-         return this._label === ev._label
-       };
-       SweepLineEvent.prototype.getDeleteEventIndex = function getDeleteEventIndex () {
-         return this._deleteEventIndex
-       };
-       SweepLineEvent.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Comparable]
-       };
-       SweepLineEvent.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return SweepLineEvent
-       };
-       staticAccessors$43.INSERT.get = function () { return 1 };
-       staticAccessors$43.DELETE.get = function () { return 2 };
+         var fixedKey = fixKey(unfixedKey);
+         var res = null;
 
-       Object.defineProperties( SweepLineEvent, staticAccessors$43 );
+         _withStorageEl(function (storageEl) {
+           res = storageEl.getAttribute(fixedKey);
+         });
 
-       var EdgeSetIntersector = function EdgeSetIntersector () {};
+         return res;
+       }
 
-       EdgeSetIntersector.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       EdgeSetIntersector.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return EdgeSetIntersector
-       };
+       function each$3(callback) {
+         _withStorageEl(function (storageEl) {
+           var attributes = storageEl.XMLDocument.documentElement.attributes;
 
-       var SegmentIntersector$2 = function SegmentIntersector () {
-         this._hasIntersection = false;
-         this._hasProper = false;
-         this._hasProperInterior = false;
-         this._properIntersectionPoint = null;
-         this._li = null;
-         this._includeProper = null;
-         this._recordIsolated = null;
-         this._isSelfIntersection = null;
-         this._numIntersections = 0;
-         this.numTests = 0;
-         this._bdyNodes = null;
-         this._isDone = false;
-         this._isDoneWhenProperInt = false;
-         var li = arguments[0];
-         var includeProper = arguments[1];
-         var recordIsolated = arguments[2];
-         this._li = li;
-         this._includeProper = includeProper;
-         this._recordIsolated = recordIsolated;
-       };
-       SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.isTrivialIntersection = function isTrivialIntersection (e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1) {
-         if (e0 === e1) {
-           if (this._li.getIntersectionNum() === 1) {
-             if (SegmentIntersector$2.isAdjacentSegments(segIndex0, segIndex1)) { return true }
-             if (e0.isClosed()) {
-               var maxSegIndex = e0.getNumPoints() - 1;
-               if ((segIndex0 === 0 && segIndex1 === maxSegIndex) ||
-                   (segIndex1 === 0 && segIndex0 === maxSegIndex)) {
-                 return true
-               }
-             }
+           for (var i = attributes.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+             var attr = attributes[i];
+             callback(storageEl.getAttribute(attr.name), attr.name);
+           }
+         });
+       }
+
+       function remove$3(unfixedKey) {
+         var fixedKey = fixKey(unfixedKey);
+
+         _withStorageEl(function (storageEl) {
+           storageEl.removeAttribute(fixedKey);
+           storageEl.save(storageName);
+         });
+       }
+
+       function clearAll$3() {
+         _withStorageEl(function (storageEl) {
+           var attributes = storageEl.XMLDocument.documentElement.attributes;
+           storageEl.load(storageName);
+
+           for (var i = attributes.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+             storageEl.removeAttribute(attributes[i].name);
            }
+
+           storageEl.save(storageName);
+         });
+       } // Helpers
+       //////////
+       // In IE7, keys cannot start with a digit or contain certain chars.
+       // See https://github.com/marcuswestin/store.js/issues/40
+       // See https://github.com/marcuswestin/store.js/issues/83
+
+
+       var forbiddenCharsRegex = new RegExp("[!\"#$%&'()*+,/\\\\:;<=>?@[\\]^`{|}~]", "g");
+
+       function fixKey(key) {
+         return key.replace(/^\d/, '___$&').replace(forbiddenCharsRegex, '___');
+       }
+
+       function _makeIEStorageElFunction() {
+         if (!doc$1 || !doc$1.documentElement || !doc$1.documentElement.addBehavior) {
+           return null;
          }
-         return false
-       };
-       SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.getProperIntersectionPoint = function getProperIntersectionPoint () {
-         return this._properIntersectionPoint
-       };
-       SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.setIsDoneIfProperInt = function setIsDoneIfProperInt (isDoneWhenProperInt) {
-         this._isDoneWhenProperInt = isDoneWhenProperInt;
-       };
-       SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.hasProperInteriorIntersection = function hasProperInteriorIntersection () {
-         return this._hasProperInterior
+
+         var scriptTag = 'script',
+             storageOwner,
+             storageContainer,
+             storageEl; // Since #userData storage applies only to specific paths, we need to
+         // somehow link our data to a specific path.  We choose /favicon.ico
+         // as a pretty safe option, since all browsers already make a request to
+         // this URL anyway and being a 404 will not hurt us here.  We wrap an
+         // iframe pointing to the favicon in an ActiveXObject(htmlfile) object
+         // (see: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa752574(v=VS.85).aspx)
+         // since the iframe access rules appear to allow direct access and
+         // manipulation of the document element, even for a 404 page.  This
+         // document can be used instead of the current document (which would
+         // have been limited to the current path) to perform #userData storage.
+
+         try {
+           /* global ActiveXObject */
+           storageContainer = new ActiveXObject('htmlfile');
+           storageContainer.open();
+           storageContainer.write('<' + scriptTag + '>document.w=window</' + scriptTag + '><iframe src="/favicon.ico"></iframe>');
+           storageContainer.close();
+           storageOwner = storageContainer.w.frames[0].document;
+           storageEl = storageOwner.createElement('div');
+         } catch (e) {
+           // somehow ActiveXObject instantiation failed (perhaps some special
+           // security settings or otherwse), fall back to per-path storage
+           storageEl = doc$1.createElement('div');
+           storageOwner = doc$1.body;
+         }
+
+         return function (storeFunction) {
+           var args = [].slice.call(arguments, 0);
+           args.unshift(storageEl); // See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms531081(v=VS.85).aspx
+           // and http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms531424(v=VS.85).aspx
+
+           storageOwner.appendChild(storageEl);
+           storageEl.addBehavior('#default#userData');
+           storageEl.load(storageName);
+           storeFunction.apply(this, args);
+           storageOwner.removeChild(storageEl);
+           return;
+         };
+       }
+
+       // doesn't work but cookies do. This implementation is adopted from
+       // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Storage/LocalStorage
+
+       var util$1 = util$6;
+       var Global$1 = util$1.Global;
+       var trim = util$1.trim;
+       var cookieStorage = {
+         name: 'cookieStorage',
+         read: read$2,
+         write: write$2,
+         each: each$2,
+         remove: remove$2,
+         clearAll: clearAll$2
        };
-       SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.isBoundaryPointInternal = function isBoundaryPointInternal (li, bdyNodes) {
-         for (var i = bdyNodes.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var node = i.next();
-           var pt = node.getCoordinate();
-           if (li.isIntersection(pt)) { return true }
+       var doc = Global$1.document;
+
+       function read$2(key) {
+         if (!key || !_has(key)) {
+           return null;
          }
-         return false
-       };
-       SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.hasProperIntersection = function hasProperIntersection () {
-         return this._hasProper
-       };
-       SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.hasIntersection = function hasIntersection () {
-         return this._hasIntersection
-       };
-       SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {
-         return this._isDone
-       };
-       SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.isBoundaryPoint = function isBoundaryPoint (li, bdyNodes) {
-         if (bdyNodes === null) { return false }
-         if (this.isBoundaryPointInternal(li, bdyNodes[0])) { return true }
-         if (this.isBoundaryPointInternal(li, bdyNodes[1])) { return true }
-         return false
-       };
-       SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.setBoundaryNodes = function setBoundaryNodes (bdyNodes0, bdyNodes1) {
-         this._bdyNodes = new Array(2).fill(null);
-         this._bdyNodes[0] = bdyNodes0;
-         this._bdyNodes[1] = bdyNodes1;
-       };
-       SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.addIntersections = function addIntersections (e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1) {
-         if (e0 === e1 && segIndex0 === segIndex1) { return null }
-         this.numTests++;
-         var p00 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0];
-         var p01 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0 + 1];
-         var p10 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1];
-         var p11 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1 + 1];
-         this._li.computeIntersection(p00, p01, p10, p11);
-         if (this._li.hasIntersection()) {
-           if (this._recordIsolated) {
-             e0.setIsolated(false);
-             e1.setIsolated(false);
-           }
-           this._numIntersections++;
-           if (!this.isTrivialIntersection(e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1)) {
-             this._hasIntersection = true;
-             if (this._includeProper || !this._li.isProper()) {
-               e0.addIntersections(this._li, segIndex0, 0);
-               e1.addIntersections(this._li, segIndex1, 1);
-             }
-             if (this._li.isProper()) {
-               this._properIntersectionPoint = this._li.getIntersection(0).copy();
-               this._hasProper = true;
-               if (this._isDoneWhenProperInt) {
-                 this._isDone = true;
-               }
-               if (!this.isBoundaryPoint(this._li, this._bdyNodes)) { this._hasProperInterior = true; }
-             }
+
+         var regexpStr = "(?:^|.*;\\s*)" + escape(key).replace(/[\-\.\+\*]/g, "\\$&") + "\\s*\\=\\s*((?:[^;](?!;))*[^;]?).*";
+         return unescape(doc.cookie.replace(new RegExp(regexpStr), "$1"));
+       }
+
+       function each$2(callback) {
+         var cookies = doc.cookie.split(/; ?/g);
+
+         for (var i = cookies.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+           if (!trim(cookies[i])) {
+             continue;
            }
+
+           var kvp = cookies[i].split('=');
+           var key = unescape(kvp[0]);
+           var val = unescape(kvp[1]);
+           callback(val, key);
          }
+       }
+
+       function write$2(key, data) {
+         if (!key) {
+           return;
+         }
+
+         doc.cookie = escape(key) + "=" + escape(data) + "; expires=Tue, 19 Jan 2038 03:14:07 GMT; path=/";
+       }
+
+       function remove$2(key) {
+         if (!key || !_has(key)) {
+           return;
+         }
+
+         doc.cookie = escape(key) + "=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; path=/";
+       }
+
+       function clearAll$2() {
+         each$2(function (_, key) {
+           remove$2(key);
+         });
+       }
+
+       function _has(key) {
+         return new RegExp("(?:^|;\\s*)" + escape(key).replace(/[\-\.\+\*]/g, "\\$&") + "\\s*\\=").test(doc.cookie);
+       }
+
+       var util = util$6;
+       var Global = util.Global;
+       var sessionStorage_1 = {
+         name: 'sessionStorage',
+         read: read$1,
+         write: write$1,
+         each: each$1,
+         remove: remove$1,
+         clearAll: clearAll$1
        };
-       SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return SegmentIntersector$2
-       };
-       SegmentIntersector$2.isAdjacentSegments = function isAdjacentSegments (i1, i2) {
-         return Math.abs(i1 - i2) === 1
-       };
 
-       var SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector = (function (EdgeSetIntersector$$1) {
-         function SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector () {
-           EdgeSetIntersector$$1.call(this);
-           this.events = new ArrayList();
-           this.nOverlaps = null;
+       function sessionStorage() {
+         return Global.sessionStorage;
+       }
+
+       function read$1(key) {
+         return sessionStorage().getItem(key);
+       }
+
+       function write$1(key, data) {
+         return sessionStorage().setItem(key, data);
+       }
+
+       function each$1(fn) {
+         for (var i = sessionStorage().length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+           var key = sessionStorage().key(i);
+           fn(read$1(key), key);
          }
+       }
 
-         if ( EdgeSetIntersector$$1 ) SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.__proto__ = EdgeSetIntersector$$1;
-         SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype = Object.create( EdgeSetIntersector$$1 && EdgeSetIntersector$$1.prototype );
-         SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype.constructor = SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector;
-         SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype.prepareEvents = function prepareEvents () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+       function remove$1(key) {
+         return sessionStorage().removeItem(key);
+       }
 
-           Collections.sort(this.events);
-           for (var i = 0; i < this.events.size(); i++) {
-             var ev = this$1.events.get(i);
-             if (ev.isDelete()) {
-               ev.getInsertEvent().setDeleteEventIndex(i);
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype.computeIntersections = function computeIntersections () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+       function clearAll$1() {
+         return sessionStorage().clear();
+       }
 
-           if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var si = arguments[0];
-             this.nOverlaps = 0;
-             this.prepareEvents();
-             for (var i = 0; i < this.events.size(); i++) {
-               var ev = this$1.events.get(i);
-               if (ev.isInsert()) {
-                 this$1.processOverlaps(i, ev.getDeleteEventIndex(), ev, si);
-               }
-               if (si.isDone()) {
-                 break
-               }
-             }
-           } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-             if (arguments[2] instanceof SegmentIntersector$2 && (hasInterface(arguments[0], List) && hasInterface(arguments[1], List))) {
-               var edges0 = arguments[0];
-               var edges1 = arguments[1];
-               var si$1 = arguments[2];
-               this.addEdges(edges0, edges0);
-               this.addEdges(edges1, edges1);
-               this.computeIntersections(si$1);
-             } else if (typeof arguments[2] === 'boolean' && (hasInterface(arguments[0], List) && arguments[1] instanceof SegmentIntersector$2)) {
-               var edges = arguments[0];
-               var si$2 = arguments[1];
-               var testAllSegments = arguments[2];
-               if (testAllSegments) { this.addEdges(edges, null); } else { this.addEdges(edges); }
-               this.computeIntersections(si$2);
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype.addEdge = function addEdge (edge, edgeSet) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+       // is functions (meaning store.get(), store.set(), etc will all function).
+       // However, stored values will not persist when the browser navigates to
+       // a new page or reloads the current page.
 
-           var mce = edge.getMonotoneChainEdge();
-           var startIndex = mce.getStartIndexes();
-           for (var i = 0; i < startIndex.length - 1; i++) {
-             var mc = new MonotoneChain$2(mce, i);
-             var insertEvent = new SweepLineEvent(edgeSet, mce.getMinX(i), mc);
-             this$1.events.add(insertEvent);
-             this$1.events.add(new SweepLineEvent(mce.getMaxX(i), insertEvent));
-           }
-         };
-         SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype.processOverlaps = function processOverlaps (start, end, ev0, si) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+       var memoryStorage_1 = {
+         name: 'memoryStorage',
+         read: read,
+         write: write,
+         each: each,
+         remove: remove,
+         clearAll: clearAll
+       };
+       var memoryStorage = {};
 
-           var mc0 = ev0.getObject();
-           for (var i = start; i < end; i++) {
-             var ev1 = this$1.events.get(i);
-             if (ev1.isInsert()) {
-               var mc1 = ev1.getObject();
-               if (!ev0.isSameLabel(ev1)) {
-                 mc0.computeIntersections(mc1, si);
-                 this$1.nOverlaps++;
-               }
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype.addEdges = function addEdges () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+       function read(key) {
+         return memoryStorage[key];
+       }
 
-           if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var edges = arguments[0];
-             for (var i = edges.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-               var edge = i.next();
-               this$1.addEdge(edge, edge);
-             }
-           } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var edges$1 = arguments[0];
-             var edgeSet = arguments[1];
-             for (var i$1 = edges$1.iterator(); i$1.hasNext();) {
-               var edge$1 = i$1.next();
-               this$1.addEdge(edge$1, edgeSet);
-             }
+       function write(key, data) {
+         memoryStorage[key] = data;
+       }
+
+       function each(callback) {
+         for (var key in memoryStorage) {
+           if (memoryStorage.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+             callback(memoryStorage[key], key);
            }
-         };
-         SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector
-         };
+         }
+       }
 
-         return SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector;
-       }(EdgeSetIntersector));
+       function remove(key) {
+         delete memoryStorage[key];
+       }
 
-       var IntervalRTreeNode = function IntervalRTreeNode () {
-         this._min = Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
-         this._max = Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
-       };
+       function clearAll(key) {
+         memoryStorage = {};
+       }
 
-       var staticAccessors$45 = { NodeComparator: { configurable: true } };
-       IntervalRTreeNode.prototype.getMin = function getMin () {
-         return this._min
-       };
-       IntervalRTreeNode.prototype.intersects = function intersects (queryMin, queryMax) {
-         if (this._min > queryMax || this._max < queryMin) { return false }
-         return true
-       };
-       IntervalRTreeNode.prototype.getMax = function getMax () {
-         return this._max
-       };
-       IntervalRTreeNode.prototype.toString = function toString () {
-         return WKTWriter.toLineString(new Coordinate(this._min, 0), new Coordinate(this._max, 0))
-       };
-       IntervalRTreeNode.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       IntervalRTreeNode.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return IntervalRTreeNode
-       };
-       staticAccessors$45.NodeComparator.get = function () { return NodeComparator };
+       var all = [// Listed in order of usage preference
+       localStorage_1, oldFFGlobalStorage, oldIEUserDataStorage, cookieStorage, sessionStorage_1, memoryStorage_1];
+
+       /* eslint-disable */
+       //  json2.js
+       //  2016-10-28
+       //  Public Domain.
+       //  NO WARRANTY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. USE AT YOUR OWN RISK.
+       //  See http://www.JSON.org/js.html
+       //  This code should be minified before deployment.
+       //  See http://javascript.crockford.com/jsmin.html
+       //  USE YOUR OWN COPY. IT IS EXTREMELY UNWISE TO LOAD CODE FROM SERVERS YOU DO
+       //  NOT CONTROL.
+       //  This file creates a global JSON object containing two methods: stringify
+       //  and parse. This file provides the ES5 JSON capability to ES3 systems.
+       //  If a project might run on IE8 or earlier, then this file should be included.
+       //  This file does nothing on ES5 systems.
+       //      JSON.stringify(value, replacer, space)
+       //          value       any JavaScript value, usually an object or array.
+       //          replacer    an optional parameter that determines how object
+       //                      values are stringified for objects. It can be a
+       //                      function or an array of strings.
+       //          space       an optional parameter that specifies the indentation
+       //                      of nested structures. If it is omitted, the text will
+       //                      be packed without extra whitespace. If it is a number,
+       //                      it will specify the number of spaces to indent at each
+       //                      level. If it is a string (such as "\t" or "&nbsp;"),
+       //                      it contains the characters used to indent at each level.
+       //          This method produces a JSON text from a JavaScript value.
+       //          When an object value is found, if the object contains a toJSON
+       //          method, its toJSON method will be called and the result will be
+       //          stringified. A toJSON method does not serialize: it returns the
+       //          value represented by the name/value pair that should be serialized,
+       //          or undefined if nothing should be serialized. The toJSON method
+       //          will be passed the key associated with the value, and this will be
+       //          bound to the value.
+       //          For example, this would serialize Dates as ISO strings.
+       //              Date.prototype.toJSON = function (key) {
+       //                  function f(n) {
+       //                      // Format integers to have at least two digits.
+       //                      return (n < 10)
+       //                          ? "0" + n
+       //                          : n;
+       //                  }
+       //                  return this.getUTCFullYear()   + "-" +
+       //                       f(this.getUTCMonth() + 1) + "-" +
+       //                       f(this.getUTCDate())      + "T" +
+       //                       f(this.getUTCHours())     + ":" +
+       //                       f(this.getUTCMinutes())   + ":" +
+       //                       f(this.getUTCSeconds())   + "Z";
+       //              };
+       //          You can provide an optional replacer method. It will be passed the
+       //          key and value of each member, with this bound to the containing
+       //          object. The value that is returned from your method will be
+       //          serialized. If your method returns undefined, then the member will
+       //          be excluded from the serialization.
+       //          If the replacer parameter is an array of strings, then it will be
+       //          used to select the members to be serialized. It filters the results
+       //          such that only members with keys listed in the replacer array are
+       //          stringified.
+       //          Values that do not have JSON representations, such as undefined or
+       //          functions, will not be serialized. Such values in objects will be
+       //          dropped; in arrays they will be replaced with null. You can use
+       //          a replacer function to replace those with JSON values.
+       //          JSON.stringify(undefined) returns undefined.
+       //          The optional space parameter produces a stringification of the
+       //          value that is filled with line breaks and indentation to make it
+       //          easier to read.
+       //          If the space parameter is a non-empty string, then that string will
+       //          be used for indentation. If the space parameter is a number, then
+       //          the indentation will be that many spaces.
+       //          Example:
+       //          text = JSON.stringify(["e", {pluribus: "unum"}]);
+       //          // text is '["e",{"pluribus":"unum"}]'
+       //          text = JSON.stringify(["e", {pluribus: "unum"}], null, "\t");
+       //          // text is '[\n\t"e",\n\t{\n\t\t"pluribus": "unum"\n\t}\n]'
+       //          text = JSON.stringify([new Date()], function (key, value) {
+       //              return this[key] instanceof Date
+       //                  ? "Date(" + this[key] + ")"
+       //                  : value;
+       //          });
+       //          // text is '["Date(---current time---)"]'
+       //      JSON.parse(text, reviver)
+       //          This method parses a JSON text to produce an object or array.
+       //          It can throw a SyntaxError exception.
+       //          The optional reviver parameter is a function that can filter and
+       //          transform the results. It receives each of the keys and values,
+       //          and its return value is used instead of the original value.
+       //          If it returns what it received, then the structure is not modified.
+       //          If it returns undefined then the member is deleted.
+       //          Example:
+       //          // Parse the text. Values that look like ISO date strings will
+       //          // be converted to Date objects.
+       //          myData = JSON.parse(text, function (key, value) {
+       //              var a;
+       //              if (typeof value === "string") {
+       //                  a =
+       //   /^(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})T(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2}(?:\.\d*)?)Z$/.exec(value);
+       //                  if (a) {
+       //                      return new Date(Date.UTC(+a[1], +a[2] - 1, +a[3], +a[4],
+       //                          +a[5], +a[6]));
+       //                  }
+       //              }
+       //              return value;
+       //          });
+       //          myData = JSON.parse('["Date(09/09/2001)"]', function (key, value) {
+       //              var d;
+       //              if (typeof value === "string" &&
+       //                      value.slice(0, 5) === "Date(" &&
+       //                      value.slice(-1) === ")") {
+       //                  d = new Date(value.slice(5, -1));
+       //                  if (d) {
+       //                      return d;
+       //                  }
+       //              }
+       //              return value;
+       //          });
+       //  This is a reference implementation. You are free to copy, modify, or
+       //  redistribute.
+
+       /*jslint
+           eval, for, this
+       */
 
-       Object.defineProperties( IntervalRTreeNode, staticAccessors$45 );
+       /*property
+           JSON, apply, call, charCodeAt, getUTCDate, getUTCFullYear, getUTCHours,
+           getUTCMinutes, getUTCMonth, getUTCSeconds, hasOwnProperty, join,
+           lastIndex, length, parse, prototype, push, replace, slice, stringify,
+           test, toJSON, toString, valueOf
+       */
+       // Create a JSON object only if one does not already exist. We create the
+       // methods in a closure to avoid creating global variables.
+       if ((typeof JSON === "undefined" ? "undefined" : _typeof(JSON)) !== "object") {
+         JSON = {};
+       }
 
-       var NodeComparator = function NodeComparator () {};
+       (function () {
 
-       NodeComparator.prototype.compare = function compare (o1, o2) {
-         var n1 = o1;
-         var n2 = o2;
-         var mid1 = (n1._min + n1._max) / 2;
-         var mid2 = (n2._min + n2._max) / 2;
-         if (mid1 < mid2) { return -1 }
-         if (mid1 > mid2) { return 1 }
-         return 0
-       };
-       NodeComparator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [Comparator]
-       };
-       NodeComparator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return NodeComparator
-       };
+         var rx_one = /^[\],:{}\s]*$/;
+         var rx_two = /\\(?:["\\\/bfnrt]|u[0-9a-fA-F]{4})/g;
+         var rx_three = /"[^"\\\n\r]*"|true|false|null|-?\d+(?:\.\d*)?(?:[eE][+\-]?\d+)?/g;
+         var rx_four = /(?:^|:|,)(?:\s*\[)+/g;
+         var rx_escapable = /[\\"\u0000-\u001f\u007f-\u009f\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/g;
+         var rx_dangerous = /[\u0000\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/g;
 
-       var IntervalRTreeLeafNode = (function (IntervalRTreeNode$$1) {
-         function IntervalRTreeLeafNode () {
-           IntervalRTreeNode$$1.call(this);
-           this._item = null;
-           var min = arguments[0];
-           var max = arguments[1];
-           var item = arguments[2];
-           this._min = min;
-           this._max = max;
-           this._item = item;
+         function f(n) {
+           // Format integers to have at least two digits.
+           return n < 10 ? "0" + n : n;
          }
 
-         if ( IntervalRTreeNode$$1 ) IntervalRTreeLeafNode.__proto__ = IntervalRTreeNode$$1;
-         IntervalRTreeLeafNode.prototype = Object.create( IntervalRTreeNode$$1 && IntervalRTreeNode$$1.prototype );
-         IntervalRTreeLeafNode.prototype.constructor = IntervalRTreeLeafNode;
-         IntervalRTreeLeafNode.prototype.query = function query (queryMin, queryMax, visitor) {
-           if (!this.intersects(queryMin, queryMax)) { return null }
-           visitor.visitItem(this._item);
-         };
-         IntervalRTreeLeafNode.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         IntervalRTreeLeafNode.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return IntervalRTreeLeafNode
-         };
-
-         return IntervalRTreeLeafNode;
-       }(IntervalRTreeNode));
-
-       var IntervalRTreeBranchNode = (function (IntervalRTreeNode$$1) {
-         function IntervalRTreeBranchNode () {
-           IntervalRTreeNode$$1.call(this);
-           this._node1 = null;
-           this._node2 = null;
-           var n1 = arguments[0];
-           var n2 = arguments[1];
-           this._node1 = n1;
-           this._node2 = n2;
-           this.buildExtent(this._node1, this._node2);
+         function this_value() {
+           return this.valueOf();
          }
 
-         if ( IntervalRTreeNode$$1 ) IntervalRTreeBranchNode.__proto__ = IntervalRTreeNode$$1;
-         IntervalRTreeBranchNode.prototype = Object.create( IntervalRTreeNode$$1 && IntervalRTreeNode$$1.prototype );
-         IntervalRTreeBranchNode.prototype.constructor = IntervalRTreeBranchNode;
-         IntervalRTreeBranchNode.prototype.buildExtent = function buildExtent (n1, n2) {
-           this._min = Math.min(n1._min, n2._min);
-           this._max = Math.max(n1._max, n2._max);
-         };
-         IntervalRTreeBranchNode.prototype.query = function query (queryMin, queryMax, visitor) {
-           if (!this.intersects(queryMin, queryMax)) {
-             return null
-           }
-           if (this._node1 !== null) { this._node1.query(queryMin, queryMax, visitor); }
-           if (this._node2 !== null) { this._node2.query(queryMin, queryMax, visitor); }
-         };
-         IntervalRTreeBranchNode.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         IntervalRTreeBranchNode.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return IntervalRTreeBranchNode
-         };
+         if (typeof Date.prototype.toJSON !== "function") {
+           Date.prototype.toJSON = function () {
+             return isFinite(this.valueOf()) ? this.getUTCFullYear() + "-" + f(this.getUTCMonth() + 1) + "-" + f(this.getUTCDate()) + "T" + f(this.getUTCHours()) + ":" + f(this.getUTCMinutes()) + ":" + f(this.getUTCSeconds()) + "Z" : null;
+           };
 
-         return IntervalRTreeBranchNode;
-       }(IntervalRTreeNode));
+           Boolean.prototype.toJSON = this_value;
+           Number.prototype.toJSON = this_value;
+           String.prototype.toJSON = this_value;
+         }
 
-       var SortedPackedIntervalRTree = function SortedPackedIntervalRTree () {
-         this._leaves = new ArrayList();
-         this._root = null;
-         this._level = 0;
-       };
-       SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.buildTree = function buildTree () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+         var gap;
+         var indent;
+         var meta;
+         var rep;
 
-         Collections.sort(this._leaves, new IntervalRTreeNode.NodeComparator());
-         var src = this._leaves;
-         var temp = null;
-         var dest = new ArrayList();
-         while (true) {
-           this$1.buildLevel(src, dest);
-           if (dest.size() === 1) { return dest.get(0) }
-           temp = src;
-           src = dest;
-           dest = temp;
-         }
-       };
-       SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.insert = function insert (min, max, item) {
-         if (this._root !== null) { throw new Error('Index cannot be added to once it has been queried') }
-         this._leaves.add(new IntervalRTreeLeafNode(min, max, item));
-       };
-       SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.query = function query (min, max, visitor) {
-         this.init();
-         this._root.query(min, max, visitor);
-       };
-       SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.buildRoot = function buildRoot () {
-         if (this._root !== null) { return null }
-         this._root = this.buildTree();
-       };
-       SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.printNode = function printNode (node) {
-         System.out.println(WKTWriter.toLineString(new Coordinate(node._min, this._level), new Coordinate(node._max, this._level)));
-       };
-       SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.init = function init () {
-         if (this._root !== null) { return null }
-         this.buildRoot();
-       };
-       SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.buildLevel = function buildLevel (src, dest) {
-         this._level++;
-         dest.clear();
-         for (var i = 0; i < src.size(); i += 2) {
-           var n1 = src.get(i);
-           var n2 = i + 1 < src.size() ? src.get(i) : null;
-           if (n2 === null) {
-             dest.add(n1);
-           } else {
-             var node = new IntervalRTreeBranchNode(src.get(i), src.get(i + 1));
-             dest.add(node);
-           }
+         function quote(string) {
+           // If the string contains no control characters, no quote characters, and no
+           // backslash characters, then we can safely slap some quotes around it.
+           // Otherwise we must also replace the offending characters with safe escape
+           // sequences.
+           rx_escapable.lastIndex = 0;
+           return rx_escapable.test(string) ? "\"" + string.replace(rx_escapable, function (a) {
+             var c = meta[a];
+             return typeof c === "string" ? c : "\\u" + ("0000" + a.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-4);
+           }) + "\"" : "\"" + string + "\"";
          }
-       };
-       SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return SortedPackedIntervalRTree
-       };
 
-       var ArrayListVisitor = function ArrayListVisitor () {
-         this._items = new ArrayList();
-       };
-       ArrayListVisitor.prototype.visitItem = function visitItem (item) {
-         this._items.add(item);
-       };
-       ArrayListVisitor.prototype.getItems = function getItems () {
-         return this._items
-       };
-       ArrayListVisitor.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [ItemVisitor]
-       };
-       ArrayListVisitor.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return ArrayListVisitor
-       };
+         function str(key, holder) {
+           // Produce a string from holder[key].
+           var i; // The loop counter.
 
-       var IndexedPointInAreaLocator = function IndexedPointInAreaLocator () {
-         this._index = null;
-         var g = arguments[0];
-         if (!hasInterface(g, Polygonal)) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Argument must be Polygonal') }
-         this._index = new IntervalIndexedGeometry(g);
-       };
+           var k; // The member key.
 
-       var staticAccessors$44 = { SegmentVisitor: { configurable: true },IntervalIndexedGeometry: { configurable: true } };
-       IndexedPointInAreaLocator.prototype.locate = function locate (p) {
-         var rcc = new RayCrossingCounter(p);
-         var visitor = new SegmentVisitor(rcc);
-         this._index.query(p.y, p.y, visitor);
-         return rcc.getLocation()
-       };
-       IndexedPointInAreaLocator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [PointOnGeometryLocator]
-       };
-       IndexedPointInAreaLocator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return IndexedPointInAreaLocator
-       };
-       staticAccessors$44.SegmentVisitor.get = function () { return SegmentVisitor };
-       staticAccessors$44.IntervalIndexedGeometry.get = function () { return IntervalIndexedGeometry };
+           var v; // The member value.
 
-       Object.defineProperties( IndexedPointInAreaLocator, staticAccessors$44 );
+           var length;
+           var mind = gap;
+           var partial;
+           var value = holder[key]; // If the value has a toJSON method, call it to obtain a replacement value.
 
-       var SegmentVisitor = function SegmentVisitor () {
-         this._counter = null;
-         var counter = arguments[0];
-         this._counter = counter;
-       };
-       SegmentVisitor.prototype.visitItem = function visitItem (item) {
-         var seg = item;
-         this._counter.countSegment(seg.getCoordinate(0), seg.getCoordinate(1));
-       };
-       SegmentVisitor.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [ItemVisitor]
-       };
-       SegmentVisitor.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return SegmentVisitor
-       };
+           if (value && _typeof(value) === "object" && typeof value.toJSON === "function") {
+             value = value.toJSON(key);
+           } // If we were called with a replacer function, then call the replacer to
+           // obtain a replacement value.
 
-       var IntervalIndexedGeometry = function IntervalIndexedGeometry () {
-         this._index = new SortedPackedIntervalRTree();
-         var geom = arguments[0];
-         this.init(geom);
-       };
-       IntervalIndexedGeometry.prototype.init = function init (geom) {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         var lines = LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(geom);
-         for (var i = lines.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var line = i.next();
-           var pts = line.getCoordinates();
-           this$1.addLine(pts);
-         }
-       };
-       IntervalIndexedGeometry.prototype.addLine = function addLine (pts) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           if (typeof rep === "function") {
+             value = rep.call(holder, key, value);
+           } // What happens next depends on the value's type.
 
-         for (var i = 1; i < pts.length; i++) {
-           var seg = new LineSegment(pts[i - 1], pts[i]);
-           var min = Math.min(seg.p0.y, seg.p1.y);
-           var max = Math.max(seg.p0.y, seg.p1.y);
-           this$1._index.insert(min, max, seg);
-         }
-       };
-       IntervalIndexedGeometry.prototype.query = function query () {
-         if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var min = arguments[0];
-           var max = arguments[1];
-           var visitor = new ArrayListVisitor();
-           this._index.query(min, max, visitor);
-           return visitor.getItems()
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var min$1 = arguments[0];
-           var max$1 = arguments[1];
-           var visitor$1 = arguments[2];
-           this._index.query(min$1, max$1, visitor$1);
-         }
-       };
-       IntervalIndexedGeometry.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       IntervalIndexedGeometry.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return IntervalIndexedGeometry
-       };
 
-       var GeometryGraph = (function (PlanarGraph$$1) {
-         function GeometryGraph () {
-           PlanarGraph$$1.call(this);
-           this._parentGeom = null;
-           this._lineEdgeMap = new HashMap();
-           this._boundaryNodeRule = null;
-           this._useBoundaryDeterminationRule = true;
-           this._argIndex = null;
-           this._boundaryNodes = null;
-           this._hasTooFewPoints = false;
-           this._invalidPoint = null;
-           this._areaPtLocator = null;
-           this._ptLocator = new PointLocator();
-           if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var argIndex = arguments[0];
-             var parentGeom = arguments[1];
-             var boundaryNodeRule = BoundaryNodeRule.OGC_SFS_BOUNDARY_RULE;
-             this._argIndex = argIndex;
-             this._parentGeom = parentGeom;
-             this._boundaryNodeRule = boundaryNodeRule;
-             if (parentGeom !== null) {
-               this.add(parentGeom);
-             }
-           } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-             var argIndex$1 = arguments[0];
-             var parentGeom$1 = arguments[1];
-             var boundaryNodeRule$1 = arguments[2];
-             this._argIndex = argIndex$1;
-             this._parentGeom = parentGeom$1;
-             this._boundaryNodeRule = boundaryNodeRule$1;
-             if (parentGeom$1 !== null) {
-               this.add(parentGeom$1);
-             }
-           }
-         }
-
-         if ( PlanarGraph$$1 ) GeometryGraph.__proto__ = PlanarGraph$$1;
-         GeometryGraph.prototype = Object.create( PlanarGraph$$1 && PlanarGraph$$1.prototype );
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.constructor = GeometryGraph;
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.insertBoundaryPoint = function insertBoundaryPoint (argIndex, coord) {
-           var n = this._nodes.addNode(coord);
-           var lbl = n.getLabel();
-           var boundaryCount = 1;
-           var loc = Location.NONE;
-           loc = lbl.getLocation(argIndex, Position.ON);
-           if (loc === Location.BOUNDARY) { boundaryCount++; }
-           var newLoc = GeometryGraph.determineBoundary(this._boundaryNodeRule, boundaryCount);
-           lbl.setLocation(argIndex, newLoc);
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.computeSelfNodes = function computeSelfNodes () {
-           if (arguments.length === 2) {
-             var li = arguments[0];
-             var computeRingSelfNodes = arguments[1];
-             return this.computeSelfNodes(li, computeRingSelfNodes, false)
-           } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-             var li$1 = arguments[0];
-             var computeRingSelfNodes$1 = arguments[1];
-             var isDoneIfProperInt = arguments[2];
-             var si = new SegmentIntersector$2(li$1, true, false);
-             si.setIsDoneIfProperInt(isDoneIfProperInt);
-             var esi = this.createEdgeSetIntersector();
-             var isRings = this._parentGeom instanceof LinearRing || this._parentGeom instanceof Polygon || this._parentGeom instanceof MultiPolygon;
-             var computeAllSegments = computeRingSelfNodes$1 || !isRings;
-             esi.computeIntersections(this._edges, si, computeAllSegments);
-             this.addSelfIntersectionNodes(this._argIndex);
-             return si
-           }
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.computeSplitEdges = function computeSplitEdges (edgelist) {
-           for (var i = this._edges.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var e = i.next();
-             e.eiList.addSplitEdges(edgelist);
-           }
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.computeEdgeIntersections = function computeEdgeIntersections (g, li, includeProper) {
-           var si = new SegmentIntersector$2(li, includeProper, true);
-           si.setBoundaryNodes(this.getBoundaryNodes(), g.getBoundaryNodes());
-           var esi = this.createEdgeSetIntersector();
-           esi.computeIntersections(this._edges, g._edges, si);
-           return si
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.getGeometry = function getGeometry () {
-           return this._parentGeom
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.getBoundaryNodeRule = function getBoundaryNodeRule () {
-           return this._boundaryNodeRule
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.hasTooFewPoints = function hasTooFewPoints () {
-           return this._hasTooFewPoints
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.addPoint = function addPoint () {
-           if (arguments[0] instanceof Point$1) {
-             var p = arguments[0];
-             var coord = p.getCoordinate();
-             this.insertPoint(this._argIndex, coord, Location.INTERIOR);
-           } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
-             var pt = arguments[0];
-             this.insertPoint(this._argIndex, pt, Location.INTERIOR);
-           }
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.addPolygon = function addPolygon (p) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           this.addPolygonRing(p.getExteriorRing(), Location.EXTERIOR, Location.INTERIOR);
-           for (var i = 0; i < p.getNumInteriorRing(); i++) {
-             var hole = p.getInteriorRingN(i);
-             this$1.addPolygonRing(hole, Location.INTERIOR, Location.EXTERIOR);
-           }
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.addEdge = function addEdge (e) {
-           this.insertEdge(e);
-           var coord = e.getCoordinates();
-           this.insertPoint(this._argIndex, coord[0], Location.BOUNDARY);
-           this.insertPoint(this._argIndex, coord[coord.length - 1], Location.BOUNDARY);
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.addLineString = function addLineString (line) {
-           var coord = CoordinateArrays.removeRepeatedPoints(line.getCoordinates());
-           if (coord.length < 2) {
-             this._hasTooFewPoints = true;
-             this._invalidPoint = coord[0];
-             return null
-           }
-           var e = new Edge(coord, new Label(this._argIndex, Location.INTERIOR));
-           this._lineEdgeMap.put(line, e);
-           this.insertEdge(e);
-           Assert.isTrue(coord.length >= 2, 'found LineString with single point');
-           this.insertBoundaryPoint(this._argIndex, coord[0]);
-           this.insertBoundaryPoint(this._argIndex, coord[coord.length - 1]);
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.getInvalidPoint = function getInvalidPoint () {
-           return this._invalidPoint
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.getBoundaryPoints = function getBoundaryPoints () {
-           var coll = this.getBoundaryNodes();
-           var pts = new Array(coll.size()).fill(null);
-           var i = 0;
-           for (var it = coll.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-             var node = it.next();
-             pts[i++] = node.getCoordinate().copy();
-           }
-           return pts
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.getBoundaryNodes = function getBoundaryNodes () {
-           if (this._boundaryNodes === null) { this._boundaryNodes = this._nodes.getBoundaryNodes(this._argIndex); }
-           return this._boundaryNodes
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.addSelfIntersectionNode = function addSelfIntersectionNode (argIndex, coord, loc) {
-           if (this.isBoundaryNode(argIndex, coord)) { return null }
-           if (loc === Location.BOUNDARY && this._useBoundaryDeterminationRule) { this.insertBoundaryPoint(argIndex, coord); } else { this.insertPoint(argIndex, coord, loc); }
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.addPolygonRing = function addPolygonRing (lr, cwLeft, cwRight) {
-           if (lr.isEmpty()) { return null }
-           var coord = CoordinateArrays.removeRepeatedPoints(lr.getCoordinates());
-           if (coord.length < 4) {
-             this._hasTooFewPoints = true;
-             this._invalidPoint = coord[0];
-             return null
-           }
-           var left = cwLeft;
-           var right = cwRight;
-           if (CGAlgorithms.isCCW(coord)) {
-             left = cwRight;
-             right = cwLeft;
-           }
-           var e = new Edge(coord, new Label(this._argIndex, Location.BOUNDARY, left, right));
-           this._lineEdgeMap.put(lr, e);
-           this.insertEdge(e);
-           this.insertPoint(this._argIndex, coord[0], Location.BOUNDARY);
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.insertPoint = function insertPoint (argIndex, coord, onLocation) {
-           var n = this._nodes.addNode(coord);
-           var lbl = n.getLabel();
-           if (lbl === null) {
-             n._label = new Label(argIndex, onLocation);
-           } else { lbl.setLocation(argIndex, onLocation); }
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.createEdgeSetIntersector = function createEdgeSetIntersector () {
-           return new SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector()
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.addSelfIntersectionNodes = function addSelfIntersectionNodes (argIndex) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           for (var i = this._edges.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var e = i.next();
-             var eLoc = e.getLabel().getLocation(argIndex);
-             for (var eiIt = e.eiList.iterator(); eiIt.hasNext();) {
-               var ei = eiIt.next();
-               this$1.addSelfIntersectionNode(argIndex, ei.coord, eLoc);
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.add = function add () {
-           if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var g = arguments[0];
-             if (g.isEmpty()) { return null }
-             if (g instanceof MultiPolygon) { this._useBoundaryDeterminationRule = false; }
-             if (g instanceof Polygon) { this.addPolygon(g); }
-             else if (g instanceof LineString) { this.addLineString(g); }
-             else if (g instanceof Point$1) { this.addPoint(g); }
-             else if (g instanceof MultiPoint) { this.addCollection(g); }
-             else if (g instanceof MultiLineString) { this.addCollection(g); }
-             else if (g instanceof MultiPolygon) { this.addCollection(g); }
-             else if (g instanceof GeometryCollection) { this.addCollection(g); }
-             else { throw new Error(g.getClass().getName()) }
-           } else { return PlanarGraph$$1.prototype.add.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.addCollection = function addCollection (gc) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           for (var i = 0; i < gc.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
-             var g = gc.getGeometryN(i);
-             this$1.add(g);
-           }
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.locate = function locate (pt) {
-           if (hasInterface(this._parentGeom, Polygonal) && this._parentGeom.getNumGeometries() > 50) {
-             if (this._areaPtLocator === null) {
-               this._areaPtLocator = new IndexedPointInAreaLocator(this._parentGeom);
-             }
-             return this._areaPtLocator.locate(pt)
-           }
-           return this._ptLocator.locate(pt, this._parentGeom)
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.findEdge = function findEdge () {
-           if (arguments.length === 1) {
-             var line = arguments[0];
-             return this._lineEdgeMap.get(line)
-           } else { return PlanarGraph$$1.prototype.findEdge.apply(this, arguments) }
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return GeometryGraph
-         };
-         GeometryGraph.determineBoundary = function determineBoundary (boundaryNodeRule, boundaryCount) {
-           return boundaryNodeRule.isInBoundary(boundaryCount) ? Location.BOUNDARY : Location.INTERIOR
-         };
-
-         return GeometryGraph;
-       }(PlanarGraph));
-
-       var GeometryGraphOp = function GeometryGraphOp () {
-         this._li = new RobustLineIntersector();
-         this._resultPrecisionModel = null;
-         this._arg = null;
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var g0 = arguments[0];
-           this.setComputationPrecision(g0.getPrecisionModel());
-           this._arg = new Array(1).fill(null);
-           this._arg[0] = new GeometryGraph(0, g0);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var g0$1 = arguments[0];
-           var g1 = arguments[1];
-           var boundaryNodeRule = BoundaryNodeRule.OGC_SFS_BOUNDARY_RULE;
-           if (g0$1.getPrecisionModel().compareTo(g1.getPrecisionModel()) >= 0) { this.setComputationPrecision(g0$1.getPrecisionModel()); } else { this.setComputationPrecision(g1.getPrecisionModel()); }
-           this._arg = new Array(2).fill(null);
-           this._arg[0] = new GeometryGraph(0, g0$1, boundaryNodeRule);
-           this._arg[1] = new GeometryGraph(1, g1, boundaryNodeRule);
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var g0$2 = arguments[0];
-           var g1$1 = arguments[1];
-           var boundaryNodeRule$1 = arguments[2];
-           if (g0$2.getPrecisionModel().compareTo(g1$1.getPrecisionModel()) >= 0) { this.setComputationPrecision(g0$2.getPrecisionModel()); } else { this.setComputationPrecision(g1$1.getPrecisionModel()); }
-           this._arg = new Array(2).fill(null);
-           this._arg[0] = new GeometryGraph(0, g0$2, boundaryNodeRule$1);
-           this._arg[1] = new GeometryGraph(1, g1$1, boundaryNodeRule$1);
-         }
-       };
-       GeometryGraphOp.prototype.getArgGeometry = function getArgGeometry (i) {
-         return this._arg[i].getGeometry()
-       };
-       GeometryGraphOp.prototype.setComputationPrecision = function setComputationPrecision (pm) {
-         this._resultPrecisionModel = pm;
-         this._li.setPrecisionModel(this._resultPrecisionModel);
-       };
-       GeometryGraphOp.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       GeometryGraphOp.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return GeometryGraphOp
-       };
+           switch (_typeof(value)) {
+             case "string":
+               return quote(value);
 
-       // operation.geometrygraph
+             case "number":
+               // JSON numbers must be finite. Encode non-finite numbers as null.
+               return isFinite(value) ? String(value) : "null";
 
-       var GeometryMapper = function GeometryMapper () {};
+             case "boolean":
+             case "null":
+               // If the value is a boolean or null, convert it to a string. Note:
+               // typeof null does not produce "null". The case is included here in
+               // the remote chance that this gets fixed someday.
+               return String(value);
+             // If the type is "object", we might be dealing with an object or an array or
+             // null.
 
-       GeometryMapper.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       GeometryMapper.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return GeometryMapper
-       };
-       GeometryMapper.map = function map () {
-         if (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry && hasInterface(arguments[1], GeometryMapper.MapOp)) {
-           var geom = arguments[0];
-           var op = arguments[1];
-           var mapped = new ArrayList();
-           for (var i = 0; i < geom.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
-             var g = op.map(geom.getGeometryN(i));
-             if (g !== null) { mapped.add(g); }
-           }
-           return geom.getFactory().buildGeometry(mapped)
-         } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], Collection) && hasInterface(arguments[1], GeometryMapper.MapOp)) {
-           var geoms = arguments[0];
-           var op$1 = arguments[1];
-           var mapped$1 = new ArrayList();
-           for (var i$1 = geoms.iterator(); i$1.hasNext();) {
-             var g$1 = i$1.next();
-             var gr = op$1.map(g$1);
-             if (gr !== null) { mapped$1.add(gr); }
-           }
-           return mapped$1
-         }
-       };
-       GeometryMapper.MapOp = function MapOp () {};
-
-       var OverlayOp = (function (GeometryGraphOp) {
-         function OverlayOp () {
-           var g0 = arguments[0];
-           var g1 = arguments[1];
-           GeometryGraphOp.call(this, g0, g1);
-           this._ptLocator = new PointLocator();
-           this._geomFact = null;
-           this._resultGeom = null;
-           this._graph = null;
-           this._edgeList = new EdgeList();
-           this._resultPolyList = new ArrayList();
-           this._resultLineList = new ArrayList();
-           this._resultPointList = new ArrayList();
-           this._graph = new PlanarGraph(new OverlayNodeFactory());
-           this._geomFact = g0.getFactory();
-         }
-
-         if ( GeometryGraphOp ) OverlayOp.__proto__ = GeometryGraphOp;
-         OverlayOp.prototype = Object.create( GeometryGraphOp && GeometryGraphOp.prototype );
-         OverlayOp.prototype.constructor = OverlayOp;
-         OverlayOp.prototype.insertUniqueEdge = function insertUniqueEdge (e) {
-           var existingEdge = this._edgeList.findEqualEdge(e);
-           if (existingEdge !== null) {
-             var existingLabel = existingEdge.getLabel();
-             var labelToMerge = e.getLabel();
-             if (!existingEdge.isPointwiseEqual(e)) {
-               labelToMerge = new Label(e.getLabel());
-               labelToMerge.flip();
-             }
-             var depth = existingEdge.getDepth();
-             if (depth.isNull()) {
-               depth.add(existingLabel);
-             }
-             depth.add(labelToMerge);
-             existingLabel.merge(labelToMerge);
-           } else {
-             this._edgeList.add(e);
-           }
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.getGraph = function getGraph () {
-           return this._graph
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.cancelDuplicateResultEdges = function cancelDuplicateResultEdges () {
-           for (var it = this._graph.getEdgeEnds().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-             var de = it.next();
-             var sym = de.getSym();
-             if (de.isInResult() && sym.isInResult()) {
-               de.setInResult(false);
-               sym.setInResult(false);
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.isCoveredByLA = function isCoveredByLA (coord) {
-           if (this.isCovered(coord, this._resultLineList)) { return true }
-           if (this.isCovered(coord, this._resultPolyList)) { return true }
-           return false
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.computeGeometry = function computeGeometry (resultPointList, resultLineList, resultPolyList, opcode) {
-           var geomList = new ArrayList();
-           geomList.addAll(resultPointList);
-           geomList.addAll(resultLineList);
-           geomList.addAll(resultPolyList);
-           if (geomList.isEmpty()) { return OverlayOp.createEmptyResult(opcode, this._arg[0].getGeometry(), this._arg[1].getGeometry(), this._geomFact) }
-           return this._geomFact.buildGeometry(geomList)
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.mergeSymLabels = function mergeSymLabels () {
-           for (var nodeit = this._graph.getNodes().iterator(); nodeit.hasNext();) {
-             var node = nodeit.next();
-             node.getEdges().mergeSymLabels();
-           }
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.isCovered = function isCovered (coord, geomList) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           for (var it = geomList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-             var geom = it.next();
-             var loc = this$1._ptLocator.locate(coord, geom);
-             if (loc !== Location.EXTERIOR) { return true }
-           }
-           return false
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.replaceCollapsedEdges = function replaceCollapsedEdges () {
-           var newEdges = new ArrayList();
-           for (var it = this._edgeList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-             var e = it.next();
-             if (e.isCollapsed()) {
-               it.remove();
-               newEdges.add(e.getCollapsedEdge());
-             }
-           }
-           this._edgeList.addAll(newEdges);
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.updateNodeLabelling = function updateNodeLabelling () {
-           for (var nodeit = this._graph.getNodes().iterator(); nodeit.hasNext();) {
-             var node = nodeit.next();
-             var lbl = node.getEdges().getLabel();
-             node.getLabel().merge(lbl);
-           }
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.getResultGeometry = function getResultGeometry (overlayOpCode) {
-           this.computeOverlay(overlayOpCode);
-           return this._resultGeom
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.insertUniqueEdges = function insertUniqueEdges (edges) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           for (var i = edges.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var e = i.next();
-             this$1.insertUniqueEdge(e);
-           }
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.computeOverlay = function computeOverlay (opCode) {
-           this.copyPoints(0);
-           this.copyPoints(1);
-           this._arg[0].computeSelfNodes(this._li, false);
-           this._arg[1].computeSelfNodes(this._li, false);
-           this._arg[0].computeEdgeIntersections(this._arg[1], this._li, true);
-           var baseSplitEdges = new ArrayList();
-           this._arg[0].computeSplitEdges(baseSplitEdges);
-           this._arg[1].computeSplitEdges(baseSplitEdges);
-           // const splitEdges = baseSplitEdges
-           this.insertUniqueEdges(baseSplitEdges);
-           this.computeLabelsFromDepths();
-           this.replaceCollapsedEdges();
-           EdgeNodingValidator.checkValid(this._edgeList.getEdges());
-           this._graph.addEdges(this._edgeList.getEdges());
-           this.computeLabelling();
-           this.labelIncompleteNodes();
-           this.findResultAreaEdges(opCode);
-           this.cancelDuplicateResultEdges();
-           var polyBuilder = new PolygonBuilder(this._geomFact);
-           polyBuilder.add(this._graph);
-           this._resultPolyList = polyBuilder.getPolygons();
-           var lineBuilder = new LineBuilder(this, this._geomFact, this._ptLocator);
-           this._resultLineList = lineBuilder.build(opCode);
-           var pointBuilder = new PointBuilder(this, this._geomFact, this._ptLocator);
-           this._resultPointList = pointBuilder.build(opCode);
-           this._resultGeom = this.computeGeometry(this._resultPointList, this._resultLineList, this._resultPolyList, opCode);
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.labelIncompleteNode = function labelIncompleteNode (n, targetIndex) {
-           var loc = this._ptLocator.locate(n.getCoordinate(), this._arg[targetIndex].getGeometry());
-           n.getLabel().setLocation(targetIndex, loc);
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.copyPoints = function copyPoints (argIndex) {
-           var this$1 = this;
-
-           for (var i = this._arg[argIndex].getNodeIterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-             var graphNode = i.next();
-             var newNode = this$1._graph.addNode(graphNode.getCoordinate());
-             newNode.setLabel(argIndex, graphNode.getLabel().getLocation(argIndex));
-           }
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.findResultAreaEdges = function findResultAreaEdges (opCode) {
-           for (var it = this._graph.getEdgeEnds().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-             var de = it.next();
-             var label = de.getLabel();
-             if (label.isArea() && !de.isInteriorAreaEdge() && OverlayOp.isResultOfOp(label.getLocation(0, Position.RIGHT), label.getLocation(1, Position.RIGHT), opCode)) {
-               de.setInResult(true);
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.computeLabelsFromDepths = function computeLabelsFromDepths () {
-           for (var it = this._edgeList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-             var e = it.next();
-             var lbl = e.getLabel();
-             var depth = e.getDepth();
-             if (!depth.isNull()) {
-               depth.normalize();
-               for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-                 if (!lbl.isNull(i) && lbl.isArea() && !depth.isNull(i)) {
-                   if (depth.getDelta(i) === 0) {
-                     lbl.toLine(i);
-                   } else {
-                     Assert.isTrue(!depth.isNull(i, Position.LEFT), 'depth of LEFT side has not been initialized');
-                     lbl.setLocation(i, Position.LEFT, depth.getLocation(i, Position.LEFT));
-                     Assert.isTrue(!depth.isNull(i, Position.RIGHT), 'depth of RIGHT side has not been initialized');
-                     lbl.setLocation(i, Position.RIGHT, depth.getLocation(i, Position.RIGHT));
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
-             }
-           }
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.computeLabelling = function computeLabelling () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             case "object":
+               // Due to a specification blunder in ECMAScript, typeof null is "object",
+               // so watch out for that case.
+               if (!value) {
+                 return "null";
+               } // Make an array to hold the partial results of stringifying this object value.
 
-           for (var nodeit = this._graph.getNodes().iterator(); nodeit.hasNext();) {
-             var node = nodeit.next();
-             node.getEdges().computeLabelling(this$1._arg);
-           }
-           this.mergeSymLabels();
-           this.updateNodeLabelling();
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.labelIncompleteNodes = function labelIncompleteNodes () {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-           // let nodeCount = 0
-           for (var ni = this._graph.getNodes().iterator(); ni.hasNext();) {
-             var n = ni.next();
-             var label = n.getLabel();
-             if (n.isIsolated()) {
-               // nodeCount++
-               if (label.isNull(0)) { this$1.labelIncompleteNode(n, 0); } else { this$1.labelIncompleteNode(n, 1); }
-             }
-             n.getEdges().updateLabelling(label);
-           }
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.isCoveredByA = function isCoveredByA (coord) {
-           if (this.isCovered(coord, this._resultPolyList)) { return true }
-           return false
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-           return []
-         };
-         OverlayOp.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-           return OverlayOp
-         };
+               gap += indent;
+               partial = []; // Is the value an array?
 
-         return OverlayOp;
-       }(GeometryGraphOp));
+               if (Object.prototype.toString.apply(value) === "[object Array]") {
+                 // The value is an array. Stringify every element. Use null as a placeholder
+                 // for non-JSON values.
+                 length = value.length;
 
-       OverlayOp.overlayOp = function (geom0, geom1, opCode) {
-         var gov = new OverlayOp(geom0, geom1);
-         var geomOv = gov.getResultGeometry(opCode);
-         return geomOv
-       };
-       OverlayOp.intersection = function (g, other) {
-         if (g.isEmpty() || other.isEmpty()) { return OverlayOp.createEmptyResult(OverlayOp.INTERSECTION, g, other, g.getFactory()) }
-         if (g.isGeometryCollection()) {
-           var g2 = other;
-           return GeometryCollectionMapper.map(g, {
-             interfaces_: function () {
-               return [GeometryMapper.MapOp]
-             },
-             map: function (g) {
-               return g.intersection(g2)
-             }
-           })
-         }
-         g.checkNotGeometryCollection(g);
-         g.checkNotGeometryCollection(other);
-         return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp(g, other, OverlayOp.INTERSECTION)
-       };
-       OverlayOp.symDifference = function (g, other) {
-         if (g.isEmpty() || other.isEmpty()) {
-           if (g.isEmpty() && other.isEmpty()) { return OverlayOp.createEmptyResult(OverlayOp.SYMDIFFERENCE, g, other, g.getFactory()) }
-           if (g.isEmpty()) { return other.copy() }
-           if (other.isEmpty()) { return g.copy() }
-         }
-         g.checkNotGeometryCollection(g);
-         g.checkNotGeometryCollection(other);
-         return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp(g, other, OverlayOp.SYMDIFFERENCE)
-       };
-       OverlayOp.resultDimension = function (opCode, g0, g1) {
-         var dim0 = g0.getDimension();
-         var dim1 = g1.getDimension();
-         var resultDimension = -1;
-         switch (opCode) {
-           case OverlayOp.INTERSECTION:
-             resultDimension = Math.min(dim0, dim1);
-             break
-           case OverlayOp.UNION:
-             resultDimension = Math.max(dim0, dim1);
-             break
-           case OverlayOp.DIFFERENCE:
-             resultDimension = dim0;
-             break
-           case OverlayOp.SYMDIFFERENCE:
-             resultDimension = Math.max(dim0, dim1);
-             break
-         }
-         return resultDimension
-       };
-       OverlayOp.createEmptyResult = function (overlayOpCode, a, b, geomFact) {
-         var result = null;
-         switch (OverlayOp.resultDimension(overlayOpCode, a, b)) {
-           case -1:
-             result = geomFact.createGeometryCollection(new Array(0).fill(null));
-             break
-           case 0:
-             result = geomFact.createPoint();
-             break
-           case 1:
-             result = geomFact.createLineString();
-             break
-           case 2:
-             result = geomFact.createPolygon();
-             break
-         }
-         return result
-       };
-       OverlayOp.difference = function (g, other) {
-         if (g.isEmpty()) { return OverlayOp.createEmptyResult(OverlayOp.DIFFERENCE, g, other, g.getFactory()) }
-         if (other.isEmpty()) { return g.copy() }
-         g.checkNotGeometryCollection(g);
-         g.checkNotGeometryCollection(other);
-         return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp(g, other, OverlayOp.DIFFERENCE)
-       };
-       OverlayOp.isResultOfOp = function () {
-         if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var label = arguments[0];
-           var opCode = arguments[1];
-           var loc0 = label.getLocation(0);
-           var loc1 = label.getLocation(1);
-           return OverlayOp.isResultOfOp(loc0, loc1, opCode)
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var loc0$1 = arguments[0];
-           var loc1$1 = arguments[1];
-           var overlayOpCode = arguments[2];
-           if (loc0$1 === Location.BOUNDARY) { loc0$1 = Location.INTERIOR; }
-           if (loc1$1 === Location.BOUNDARY) { loc1$1 = Location.INTERIOR; }
-           switch (overlayOpCode) {
-             case OverlayOp.INTERSECTION:
-               return loc0$1 === Location.INTERIOR && loc1$1 === Location.INTERIOR
-             case OverlayOp.UNION:
-               return loc0$1 === Location.INTERIOR || loc1$1 === Location.INTERIOR
-             case OverlayOp.DIFFERENCE:
-               return loc0$1 === Location.INTERIOR && loc1$1 !== Location.INTERIOR
-             case OverlayOp.SYMDIFFERENCE:
-               return (loc0$1 === Location.INTERIOR && loc1$1 !== Location.INTERIOR) || (loc0$1 !== Location.INTERIOR && loc1$1 === Location.INTERIOR)
-           }
-           return false
-         }
-       };
-       OverlayOp.INTERSECTION = 1;
-       OverlayOp.UNION = 2;
-       OverlayOp.DIFFERENCE = 3;
-       OverlayOp.SYMDIFFERENCE = 4;
-
-       var FuzzyPointLocator = function FuzzyPointLocator () {
-         this._g = null;
-         this._boundaryDistanceTolerance = null;
-         this._linework = null;
-         this._ptLocator = new PointLocator();
-         this._seg = new LineSegment();
-         var g = arguments[0];
-         var boundaryDistanceTolerance = arguments[1];
-         this._g = g;
-         this._boundaryDistanceTolerance = boundaryDistanceTolerance;
-         this._linework = this.extractLinework(g);
-       };
-       FuzzyPointLocator.prototype.isWithinToleranceOfBoundary = function isWithinToleranceOfBoundary (pt) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                 for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
+                   partial[i] = str(i, value) || "null";
+                 } // Join all of the elements together, separated with commas, and wrap them in
+                 // brackets.
 
-         for (var i = 0; i < this._linework.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
-           var line = this$1._linework.getGeometryN(i);
-           var seq = line.getCoordinateSequence();
-           for (var j = 0; j < seq.size() - 1; j++) {
-             seq.getCoordinate(j, this$1._seg.p0);
-             seq.getCoordinate(j + 1, this$1._seg.p1);
-             var dist = this$1._seg.distance(pt);
-             if (dist <= this$1._boundaryDistanceTolerance) { return true }
-           }
-         }
-         return false
-       };
-       FuzzyPointLocator.prototype.getLocation = function getLocation (pt) {
-         if (this.isWithinToleranceOfBoundary(pt)) { return Location.BOUNDARY }
-         return this._ptLocator.locate(pt, this._g)
-       };
-       FuzzyPointLocator.prototype.extractLinework = function extractLinework (g) {
-         var extracter = new PolygonalLineworkExtracter();
-         g.apply(extracter);
-         var linework = extracter.getLinework();
-         var lines = GeometryFactory.toLineStringArray(linework);
-         return g.getFactory().createMultiLineString(lines)
-       };
-       FuzzyPointLocator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       FuzzyPointLocator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return FuzzyPointLocator
-       };
 
-       var PolygonalLineworkExtracter = function PolygonalLineworkExtracter () {
-         this._linework = null;
-         this._linework = new ArrayList();
-       };
-       PolygonalLineworkExtracter.prototype.getLinework = function getLinework () {
-         return this._linework
-       };
-       PolygonalLineworkExtracter.prototype.filter = function filter (g) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                 v = partial.length === 0 ? "[]" : gap ? "[\n" + gap + partial.join(",\n" + gap) + "\n" + mind + "]" : "[" + partial.join(",") + "]";
+                 gap = mind;
+                 return v;
+               } // If the replacer is an array, use it to select the members to be stringified.
 
-         if (g instanceof Polygon) {
-           var poly = g;
-           this._linework.add(poly.getExteriorRing());
-           for (var i = 0; i < poly.getNumInteriorRing(); i++) {
-             this$1._linework.add(poly.getInteriorRingN(i));
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       PolygonalLineworkExtracter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return [GeometryFilter]
-       };
-       PolygonalLineworkExtracter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return PolygonalLineworkExtracter
-       };
 
-       var OffsetPointGenerator = function OffsetPointGenerator () {
-         this._g = null;
-         this._doLeft = true;
-         this._doRight = true;
-         var g = arguments[0];
-         this._g = g;
-       };
-       OffsetPointGenerator.prototype.extractPoints = function extractPoints (line, offsetDistance, offsetPts) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+               if (rep && _typeof(rep) === "object") {
+                 length = rep.length;
 
-         var pts = line.getCoordinates();
-         for (var i = 0; i < pts.length - 1; i++) {
-           this$1.computeOffsetPoints(pts[i], pts[i + 1], offsetDistance, offsetPts);
-         }
-       };
-       OffsetPointGenerator.prototype.setSidesToGenerate = function setSidesToGenerate (doLeft, doRight) {
-         this._doLeft = doLeft;
-         this._doRight = doRight;
-       };
-       OffsetPointGenerator.prototype.getPoints = function getPoints (offsetDistance) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+                 for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
+                   if (typeof rep[i] === "string") {
+                     k = rep[i];
+                     v = str(k, value);
 
-         var offsetPts = new ArrayList();
-         var lines = LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(this._g);
-         for (var i = lines.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var line = i.next();
-           this$1.extractPoints(line, offsetDistance, offsetPts);
-         }
-         return offsetPts
-       };
-       OffsetPointGenerator.prototype.computeOffsetPoints = function computeOffsetPoints (p0, p1, offsetDistance, offsetPts) {
-         var dx = p1.x - p0.x;
-         var dy = p1.y - p0.y;
-         var len = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
-         var ux = offsetDistance * dx / len;
-         var uy = offsetDistance * dy / len;
-         var midX = (p1.x + p0.x) / 2;
-         var midY = (p1.y + p0.y) / 2;
-         if (this._doLeft) {
-           var offsetLeft = new Coordinate(midX - uy, midY + ux);
-           offsetPts.add(offsetLeft);
-         }
-         if (this._doRight) {
-           var offsetRight = new Coordinate(midX + uy, midY - ux);
-           offsetPts.add(offsetRight);
-         }
-       };
-       OffsetPointGenerator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       OffsetPointGenerator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return OffsetPointGenerator
-       };
+                     if (v) {
+                       partial.push(quote(k) + (gap ? ": " : ":") + v);
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 // Otherwise, iterate through all of the keys in the object.
+                 for (k in value) {
+                   if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(value, k)) {
+                     v = str(k, value);
 
-       var OverlayResultValidator = function OverlayResultValidator () {
-         this._geom = null;
-         this._locFinder = null;
-         this._location = new Array(3).fill(null);
-         this._invalidLocation = null;
-         this._boundaryDistanceTolerance = OverlayResultValidator.TOLERANCE;
-         this._testCoords = new ArrayList();
-         var a = arguments[0];
-         var b = arguments[1];
-         var result = arguments[2];
-         this._boundaryDistanceTolerance = OverlayResultValidator.computeBoundaryDistanceTolerance(a, b);
-         this._geom = [a, b, result];
-         this._locFinder = [new FuzzyPointLocator(this._geom[0], this._boundaryDistanceTolerance), new FuzzyPointLocator(this._geom[1], this._boundaryDistanceTolerance), new FuzzyPointLocator(this._geom[2], this._boundaryDistanceTolerance)];
-       };
+                     if (v) {
+                       partial.push(quote(k) + (gap ? ": " : ":") + v);
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
+               } // Join all of the member texts together, separated with commas,
+               // and wrap them in braces.
 
-       var staticAccessors$46 = { TOLERANCE: { configurable: true } };
-       OverlayResultValidator.prototype.reportResult = function reportResult (overlayOp, location, expectedInterior) {
-         System.out.println('Overlay result invalid - A:' + Location.toLocationSymbol(location[0]) + ' B:' + Location.toLocationSymbol(location[1]) + ' expected:' + (expectedInterior ? 'i' : 'e') + ' actual:' + Location.toLocationSymbol(location[2]));
-       };
-       OverlayResultValidator.prototype.isValid = function isValid (overlayOp) {
-         this.addTestPts(this._geom[0]);
-         this.addTestPts(this._geom[1]);
-         var isValid = this.checkValid(overlayOp);
-         return isValid
-       };
-       OverlayResultValidator.prototype.checkValid = function checkValid () {
-           var this$1 = this;
 
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var overlayOp = arguments[0];
-           for (var i = 0; i < this._testCoords.size(); i++) {
-             var pt = this$1._testCoords.get(i);
-             if (!this$1.checkValid(overlayOp, pt)) {
-               this$1._invalidLocation = pt;
-               return false
-             }
-           }
-           return true
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var overlayOp$1 = arguments[0];
-           var pt$1 = arguments[1];
-           this._location[0] = this._locFinder[0].getLocation(pt$1);
-           this._location[1] = this._locFinder[1].getLocation(pt$1);
-           this._location[2] = this._locFinder[2].getLocation(pt$1);
-           if (OverlayResultValidator.hasLocation(this._location, Location.BOUNDARY)) { return true }
-           return this.isValidResult(overlayOp$1, this._location)
-         }
-       };
-       OverlayResultValidator.prototype.addTestPts = function addTestPts (g) {
-         var ptGen = new OffsetPointGenerator(g);
-         this._testCoords.addAll(ptGen.getPoints(5 * this._boundaryDistanceTolerance));
-       };
-       OverlayResultValidator.prototype.isValidResult = function isValidResult (overlayOp, location) {
-         var expectedInterior = OverlayOp.isResultOfOp(location[0], location[1], overlayOp);
-         var resultInInterior = location[2] === Location.INTERIOR;
-         var isValid = !(expectedInterior ^ resultInInterior);
-         if (!isValid) { this.reportResult(overlayOp, location, expectedInterior); }
-         return isValid
-       };
-       OverlayResultValidator.prototype.getInvalidLocation = function getInvalidLocation () {
-         return this._invalidLocation
-       };
-       OverlayResultValidator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       OverlayResultValidator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return OverlayResultValidator
-       };
-       OverlayResultValidator.hasLocation = function hasLocation (location, loc) {
-         for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
-           if (location[i] === loc) { return true }
-         }
-         return false
-       };
-       OverlayResultValidator.computeBoundaryDistanceTolerance = function computeBoundaryDistanceTolerance (g0, g1) {
-         return Math.min(GeometrySnapper.computeSizeBasedSnapTolerance(g0), GeometrySnapper.computeSizeBasedSnapTolerance(g1))
-       };
-       OverlayResultValidator.isValid = function isValid (a, b, overlayOp, result) {
-         var validator = new OverlayResultValidator(a, b, result);
-         return validator.isValid(overlayOp)
-       };
-       staticAccessors$46.TOLERANCE.get = function () { return 0.000001 };
+               v = partial.length === 0 ? "{}" : gap ? "{\n" + gap + partial.join(",\n" + gap) + "\n" + mind + "}" : "{" + partial.join(",") + "}";
+               gap = mind;
+               return v;
+           }
+         } // If the JSON object does not yet have a stringify method, give it one.
 
-       Object.defineProperties( OverlayResultValidator, staticAccessors$46 );
 
-       // operation.overlay
+         if (typeof JSON.stringify !== "function") {
+           meta = {
+             // table of character substitutions
+             "\b": "\\b",
+             "\t": "\\t",
+             "\n": "\\n",
+             "\f": "\\f",
+             "\r": "\\r",
+             "\"": "\\\"",
+             "\\": "\\\\"
+           };
 
-       var GeometryCombiner = function GeometryCombiner (geoms) {
-         this._geomFactory = null;
-         this._skipEmpty = false;
-         this._inputGeoms = null;
-         this._geomFactory = GeometryCombiner.extractFactory(geoms);
-         this._inputGeoms = geoms;
-       };
-       GeometryCombiner.prototype.extractElements = function extractElements (geom, elems) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+           JSON.stringify = function (value, replacer, space) {
+             // The stringify method takes a value and an optional replacer, and an optional
+             // space parameter, and returns a JSON text. The replacer can be a function
+             // that can replace values, or an array of strings that will select the keys.
+             // A default replacer method can be provided. Use of the space parameter can
+             // produce text that is more easily readable.
+             var i;
+             gap = "";
+             indent = ""; // If the space parameter is a number, make an indent string containing that
+             // many spaces.
 
-         if (geom === null) { return null }
-         for (var i = 0; i < geom.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
-           var elemGeom = geom.getGeometryN(i);
-           if (this$1._skipEmpty && elemGeom.isEmpty()) { continue }
-           elems.add(elemGeom);
-         }
-       };
-       GeometryCombiner.prototype.combine = function combine () {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             if (typeof space === "number") {
+               for (i = 0; i < space; i += 1) {
+                 indent += " ";
+               } // If the space parameter is a string, it will be used as the indent string.
 
-         var elems = new ArrayList();
-         for (var i = this._inputGeoms.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var g = i.next();
-           this$1.extractElements(g, elems);
-         }
-         if (elems.size() === 0) {
-           if (this._geomFactory !== null) {
-             return this._geomFactory.createGeometryCollection(null)
-           }
-           return null
-         }
-         return this._geomFactory.buildGeometry(elems)
-       };
-       GeometryCombiner.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       GeometryCombiner.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return GeometryCombiner
-       };
-       GeometryCombiner.combine = function combine () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var geoms = arguments[0];
-           var combiner = new GeometryCombiner(geoms);
-           return combiner.combine()
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var g0 = arguments[0];
-           var g1 = arguments[1];
-           var combiner$1 = new GeometryCombiner(GeometryCombiner.createList(g0, g1));
-           return combiner$1.combine()
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var g0$1 = arguments[0];
-           var g1$1 = arguments[1];
-           var g2 = arguments[2];
-           var combiner$2 = new GeometryCombiner(GeometryCombiner.createList(g0$1, g1$1, g2));
-           return combiner$2.combine()
-         }
-       };
-       GeometryCombiner.extractFactory = function extractFactory (geoms) {
-         if (geoms.isEmpty()) { return null }
-         return geoms.iterator().next().getFactory()
-       };
-       GeometryCombiner.createList = function createList () {
-         if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var obj0 = arguments[0];
-           var obj1 = arguments[1];
-           var list = new ArrayList();
-           list.add(obj0);
-           list.add(obj1);
-           return list
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var obj0$1 = arguments[0];
-           var obj1$1 = arguments[1];
-           var obj2 = arguments[2];
-           var list$1 = new ArrayList();
-           list$1.add(obj0$1);
-           list$1.add(obj1$1);
-           list$1.add(obj2);
-           return list$1
-         }
-       };
+             } else if (typeof space === "string") {
+               indent = space;
+             } // If there is a replacer, it must be a function or an array.
+             // Otherwise, throw an error.
 
-       var CascadedPolygonUnion = function CascadedPolygonUnion () {
-         this._inputPolys = null;
-         this._geomFactory = null;
-         var polys = arguments[0];
-         this._inputPolys = polys;
-         if (this._inputPolys === null) { this._inputPolys = new ArrayList(); }
-       };
 
-       var staticAccessors$47 = { STRTREE_NODE_CAPACITY: { configurable: true } };
-       CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.reduceToGeometries = function reduceToGeometries (geomTree) {
-           var this$1 = this;
+             rep = replacer;
 
-         var geoms = new ArrayList();
-         for (var i = geomTree.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var o = i.next();
-           var geom = null;
-           if (hasInterface(o, List)) {
-             geom = this$1.unionTree(o);
-           } else if (o instanceof Geometry) {
-             geom = o;
-           }
-           geoms.add(geom);
-         }
-         return geoms
-       };
-       CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.extractByEnvelope = function extractByEnvelope (env, geom, disjointGeoms) {
-         var intersectingGeoms = new ArrayList();
-         for (var i = 0; i < geom.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
-           var elem = geom.getGeometryN(i);
-           if (elem.getEnvelopeInternal().intersects(env)) { intersectingGeoms.add(elem); } else { disjointGeoms.add(elem); }
-         }
-         return this._geomFactory.buildGeometry(intersectingGeoms)
-       };
-       CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.unionOptimized = function unionOptimized (g0, g1) {
-         var g0Env = g0.getEnvelopeInternal();
-         var g1Env = g1.getEnvelopeInternal();
-         if (!g0Env.intersects(g1Env)) {
-           var combo = GeometryCombiner.combine(g0, g1);
-           return combo
-         }
-         if (g0.getNumGeometries() <= 1 && g1.getNumGeometries() <= 1) { return this.unionActual(g0, g1) }
-         var commonEnv = g0Env.intersection(g1Env);
-         return this.unionUsingEnvelopeIntersection(g0, g1, commonEnv)
-       };
-       CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.union = function union () {
-         if (this._inputPolys === null) { throw new Error('union() method cannot be called twice') }
-         if (this._inputPolys.isEmpty()) { return null }
-         this._geomFactory = this._inputPolys.iterator().next().getFactory();
-         var index = new STRtree(CascadedPolygonUnion.STRTREE_NODE_CAPACITY);
-         for (var i = this._inputPolys.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var item = i.next();
-           index.insert(item.getEnvelopeInternal(), item);
-         }
-         this._inputPolys = null;
-         var itemTree = index.itemsTree();
-         var unionAll = this.unionTree(itemTree);
-         return unionAll
-       };
-       CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.binaryUnion = function binaryUnion () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var geoms = arguments[0];
-           return this.binaryUnion(geoms, 0, geoms.size())
-         } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
-           var geoms$1 = arguments[0];
-           var start = arguments[1];
-           var end = arguments[2];
-           if (end - start <= 1) {
-             var g0 = CascadedPolygonUnion.getGeometry(geoms$1, start);
-             return this.unionSafe(g0, null)
-           } else if (end - start === 2) {
-             return this.unionSafe(CascadedPolygonUnion.getGeometry(geoms$1, start), CascadedPolygonUnion.getGeometry(geoms$1, start + 1))
-           } else {
-             var mid = Math.trunc((end + start) / 2);
-             var g0$1 = this.binaryUnion(geoms$1, start, mid);
-             var g1 = this.binaryUnion(geoms$1, mid, end);
-             return this.unionSafe(g0$1, g1)
-           }
-         }
-       };
-       CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.repeatedUnion = function repeatedUnion (geoms) {
-         var union = null;
-         for (var i = geoms.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
-           var g = i.next();
-           if (union === null) { union = g.copy(); } else { union = union.union(g); }
-         }
-         return union
-       };
-       CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.unionSafe = function unionSafe (g0, g1) {
-         if (g0 === null && g1 === null) { return null }
-         if (g0 === null) { return g1.copy() }
-         if (g1 === null) { return g0.copy() }
-         return this.unionOptimized(g0, g1)
-       };
-       CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.unionActual = function unionActual (g0, g1) {
-         return CascadedPolygonUnion.restrictToPolygons(g0.union(g1))
-       };
-       CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.unionTree = function unionTree (geomTree) {
-         var geoms = this.reduceToGeometries(geomTree);
-         var union = this.binaryUnion(geoms);
-         return union
-       };
-       CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.unionUsingEnvelopeIntersection = function unionUsingEnvelopeIntersection (g0, g1, common) {
-         var disjointPolys = new ArrayList();
-         var g0Int = this.extractByEnvelope(common, g0, disjointPolys);
-         var g1Int = this.extractByEnvelope(common, g1, disjointPolys);
-         var union = this.unionActual(g0Int, g1Int);
-         disjointPolys.add(union);
-         var overallUnion = GeometryCombiner.combine(disjointPolys);
-         return overallUnion
-       };
-       CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.bufferUnion = function bufferUnion () {
-         if (arguments.length === 1) {
-           var geoms = arguments[0];
-           var factory = geoms.get(0).getFactory();
-           var gColl = factory.buildGeometry(geoms);
-           var unionAll = gColl.buffer(0.0);
-           return unionAll
-         } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
-           var g0 = arguments[0];
-           var g1 = arguments[1];
-           var factory$1 = g0.getFactory();
-           var gColl$1 = factory$1.createGeometryCollection([g0, g1]);
-           var unionAll$1 = gColl$1.buffer(0.0);
-           return unionAll$1
-         }
-       };
-       CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return CascadedPolygonUnion
-       };
-       CascadedPolygonUnion.restrictToPolygons = function restrictToPolygons (g) {
-         if (hasInterface(g, Polygonal)) {
-           return g
-         }
-         var polygons = PolygonExtracter.getPolygons(g);
-         if (polygons.size() === 1) { return polygons.get(0) }
-         return g.getFactory().createMultiPolygon(GeometryFactory.toPolygonArray(polygons))
-       };
-       CascadedPolygonUnion.getGeometry = function getGeometry (list, index) {
-         if (index >= list.size()) { return null }
-         return list.get(index)
-       };
-       CascadedPolygonUnion.union = function union (polys) {
-         var op = new CascadedPolygonUnion(polys);
-         return op.union()
-       };
-       staticAccessors$47.STRTREE_NODE_CAPACITY.get = function () { return 4 };
+             if (replacer && typeof replacer !== "function" && (_typeof(replacer) !== "object" || typeof replacer.length !== "number")) {
+               throw new Error("JSON.stringify");
+             } // Make a fake root object containing our value under the key of "".
+             // Return the result of stringifying the value.
 
-       Object.defineProperties( CascadedPolygonUnion, staticAccessors$47 );
 
-       var UnionOp = function UnionOp () {};
+             return str("", {
+               "": value
+             });
+           };
+         } // If the JSON object does not yet have a parse method, give it one.
 
-       UnionOp.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
-         return []
-       };
-       UnionOp.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
-         return UnionOp
-       };
-       UnionOp.union = function union (g, other) {
-         if (g.isEmpty() || other.isEmpty()) {
-           if (g.isEmpty() && other.isEmpty()) { return OverlayOp.createEmptyResult(OverlayOp.UNION, g, other, g.getFactory()) }
-           if (g.isEmpty()) { return other.copy() }
-           if (other.isEmpty()) { return g.copy() }
-         }
-         g.checkNotGeometryCollection(g);
-         g.checkNotGeometryCollection(other);
-         return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp(g, other, OverlayOp.UNION)
-       };
 
-       /**
-        * Earth Radius used with the Harvesine formula and approximates using a spherical (non-ellipsoid) Earth.
-        */
+         if (typeof JSON.parse !== "function") {
+           JSON.parse = function (text, reviver) {
+             // The parse method takes a text and an optional reviver function, and returns
+             // a JavaScript value if the text is a valid JSON text.
+             var j;
 
-       /**
-        * Wraps a GeoJSON {@link Geometry} in a GeoJSON {@link Feature}.
-        *
-        * @name feature
-        * @param {Geometry} geometry input geometry
-        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
-        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
-        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
-        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
-        * @returns {Feature} a GeoJSON Feature
-        * @example
-        * var geometry = {
-        *   "type": "Point",
-        *   "coordinates": [110, 50]
-        * };
-        *
-        * var feature = turf.feature(geometry);
-        *
-        * //=feature
-        */
-       function feature$1(geometry, properties, options) {
-           // Optional Parameters
-           options = options || {};
-           if (!isObject$4(options)) throw new Error('options is invalid');
-           var bbox = options.bbox;
-           var id = options.id;
+             function walk(holder, key) {
+               // The walk method is used to recursively walk the resulting structure so
+               // that modifications can be made.
+               var k;
+               var v;
+               var value = holder[key];
 
-           // Validation
-           if (geometry === undefined) throw new Error('geometry is required');
-           if (properties && properties.constructor !== Object) throw new Error('properties must be an Object');
-           if (bbox) validateBBox(bbox);
-           if (id) validateId(id);
+               if (value && _typeof(value) === "object") {
+                 for (k in value) {
+                   if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(value, k)) {
+                     v = walk(value, k);
 
-           // Main
-           var feat = {type: 'Feature'};
-           if (id) feat.id = id;
-           if (bbox) feat.bbox = bbox;
-           feat.properties = properties || {};
-           feat.geometry = geometry;
-           return feat;
-       }
+                     if (v !== undefined) {
+                       value[k] = v;
+                     } else {
+                       delete value[k];
+                     }
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
 
-       /**
-        * isNumber
-        *
-        * @param {*} num Number to validate
-        * @returns {boolean} true/false
-        * @example
-        * turf.isNumber(123)
-        * //=true
-        * turf.isNumber('foo')
-        * //=false
-        */
-       function isNumber$1(num) {
-           return !isNaN(num) && num !== null && !Array.isArray(num);
-       }
+               return reviver.call(holder, key, value);
+             } // Parsing happens in four stages. In the first stage, we replace certain
+             // Unicode characters with escape sequences. JavaScript handles many characters
+             // incorrectly, either silently deleting them, or treating them as line endings.
 
-       /**
-        * isObject
-        *
-        * @param {*} input variable to validate
-        * @returns {boolean} true/false
-        * @example
-        * turf.isObject({elevation: 10})
-        * //=true
-        * turf.isObject('foo')
-        * //=false
-        */
-       function isObject$4(input) {
-           return (!!input) && (input.constructor === Object);
-       }
 
-       /**
-        * Validate BBox
-        *
-        * @private
-        * @param {Array<number>} bbox BBox to validate
-        * @returns {void}
-        * @throws Error if BBox is not valid
-        * @example
-        * validateBBox([-180, -40, 110, 50])
-        * //=OK
-        * validateBBox([-180, -40])
-        * //=Error
-        * validateBBox('Foo')
-        * //=Error
-        * validateBBox(5)
-        * //=Error
-        * validateBBox(null)
-        * //=Error
-        * validateBBox(undefined)
-        * //=Error
-        */
-       function validateBBox(bbox) {
-           if (!bbox) throw new Error('bbox is required');
-           if (!Array.isArray(bbox)) throw new Error('bbox must be an Array');
-           if (bbox.length !== 4 && bbox.length !== 6) throw new Error('bbox must be an Array of 4 or 6 numbers');
-           bbox.forEach(function (num) {
-               if (!isNumber$1(num)) throw new Error('bbox must only contain numbers');
-           });
-       }
+             text = String(text);
+             rx_dangerous.lastIndex = 0;
 
-       /**
-        * Validate Id
-        *
-        * @private
-        * @param {string|number} id Id to validate
-        * @returns {void}
-        * @throws Error if Id is not valid
-        * @example
-        * validateId([-180, -40, 110, 50])
-        * //=Error
-        * validateId([-180, -40])
-        * //=Error
-        * validateId('Foo')
-        * //=OK
-        * validateId(5)
-        * //=OK
-        * validateId(null)
-        * //=Error
-        * validateId(undefined)
-        * //=Error
-        */
-       function validateId(id) {
-           if (!id) throw new Error('id is required');
-           if (['string', 'number'].indexOf(typeof id) === -1) throw new Error('id must be a number or a string');
-       }
+             if (rx_dangerous.test(text)) {
+               text = text.replace(rx_dangerous, function (a) {
+                 return "\\u" + ("0000" + a.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-4);
+               });
+             } // In the second stage, we run the text against regular expressions that look
+             // for non-JSON patterns. We are especially concerned with "()" and "new"
+             // because they can cause invocation, and "=" because it can cause mutation.
+             // But just to be safe, we want to reject all unexpected forms.
+             // We split the second stage into 4 regexp operations in order to work around
+             // crippling inefficiencies in IE's and Safari's regexp engines. First we
+             // replace the JSON backslash pairs with "@" (a non-JSON character). Second, we
+             // replace all simple value tokens with "]" characters. Third, we delete all
+             // open brackets that follow a colon or comma or that begin the text. Finally,
+             // we look to see that the remaining characters are only whitespace or "]" or
+             // "," or ":" or "{" or "}". If that is so, then the text is safe for eval.
 
-       /**
-        * Callback for geomEach
-        *
-        * @callback geomEachCallback
-        * @param {Geometry} currentGeometry The current Geometry being processed.
-        * @param {number} featureIndex The current index of the Feature being processed.
-        * @param {Object} featureProperties The current Feature Properties being processed.
-        * @param {Array<number>} featureBBox The current Feature BBox being processed.
-        * @param {number|string} featureId The current Feature Id being processed.
-        */
 
-       /**
-        * Iterate over each geometry in any GeoJSON object, similar to Array.forEach()
-        *
-        * @name geomEach
-        * @param {FeatureCollection|Feature|Geometry} geojson any GeoJSON object
-        * @param {Function} callback a method that takes (currentGeometry, featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId)
-        * @returns {void}
-        * @example
-        * var features = turf.featureCollection([
-        *     turf.point([26, 37], {foo: 'bar'}),
-        *     turf.point([36, 53], {hello: 'world'})
-        * ]);
-        *
-        * turf.geomEach(features, function (currentGeometry, featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId) {
-        *   //=currentGeometry
-        *   //=featureIndex
-        *   //=featureProperties
-        *   //=featureBBox
-        *   //=featureId
-        * });
-        */
-       function geomEach(geojson, callback) {
-           var i, j, g, geometry, stopG,
-               geometryMaybeCollection,
-               isGeometryCollection,
-               featureProperties,
-               featureBBox,
-               featureId,
-               featureIndex = 0,
-               isFeatureCollection = geojson.type === 'FeatureCollection',
-               isFeature = geojson.type === 'Feature',
-               stop = isFeatureCollection ? geojson.features.length : 1;
-
-           // This logic may look a little weird. The reason why it is that way
-           // is because it's trying to be fast. GeoJSON supports multiple kinds
-           // of objects at its root: FeatureCollection, Features, Geometries.
-           // This function has the responsibility of handling all of them, and that
-           // means that some of the `for` loops you see below actually just don't apply
-           // to certain inputs. For instance, if you give this just a
-           // Point geometry, then both loops are short-circuited and all we do
-           // is gradually rename the input until it's called 'geometry'.
-           //
-           // This also aims to allocate as few resources as possible: just a
-           // few numbers and booleans, rather than any temporary arrays as would
-           // be required with the normalization approach.
-           for (i = 0; i < stop; i++) {
-
-               geometryMaybeCollection = (isFeatureCollection ? geojson.features[i].geometry :
-                   (isFeature ? geojson.geometry : geojson));
-               featureProperties = (isFeatureCollection ? geojson.features[i].properties :
-                   (isFeature ? geojson.properties : {}));
-               featureBBox = (isFeatureCollection ? geojson.features[i].bbox :
-                   (isFeature ? geojson.bbox : undefined));
-               featureId = (isFeatureCollection ? geojson.features[i].id :
-                   (isFeature ? geojson.id : undefined));
-               isGeometryCollection = (geometryMaybeCollection) ? geometryMaybeCollection.type === 'GeometryCollection' : false;
-               stopG = isGeometryCollection ? geometryMaybeCollection.geometries.length : 1;
-
-               for (g = 0; g < stopG; g++) {
-                   geometry = isGeometryCollection ?
-                       geometryMaybeCollection.geometries[g] : geometryMaybeCollection;
-
-                   // Handle null Geometry
-                   if (geometry === null) {
-                       if (callback(null, featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId) === false) return false;
-                       continue;
-                   }
-                   switch (geometry.type) {
-                   case 'Point':
-                   case 'LineString':
-                   case 'MultiPoint':
-                   case 'Polygon':
-                   case 'MultiLineString':
-                   case 'MultiPolygon': {
-                       if (callback(geometry, featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId) === false) return false;
-                       break;
-                   }
-                   case 'GeometryCollection': {
-                       for (j = 0; j < geometry.geometries.length; j++) {
-                           if (callback(geometry.geometries[j], featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId) === false) return false;
-                       }
-                       break;
-                   }
-                   default:
-                       throw new Error('Unknown Geometry Type');
-                   }
-               }
-               // Only increase `featureIndex` per each feature
-               featureIndex++;
-           }
-       }
+             if (rx_one.test(text.replace(rx_two, "@").replace(rx_three, "]").replace(rx_four, ""))) {
+               // In the third stage we use the eval function to compile the text into a
+               // JavaScript structure. The "{" operator is subject to a syntactic ambiguity
+               // in JavaScript: it can begin a block or an object literal. We wrap the text
+               // in parens to eliminate the ambiguity.
+               j = eval("(" + text + ")"); // In the optional fourth stage, we recursively walk the new structure, passing
+               // each name/value pair to a reviver function for possible transformation.
 
-       /**
-        * Callback for geomReduce
-        *
-        * The first time the callback function is called, the values provided as arguments depend
-        * on whether the reduce method has an initialValue argument.
-        *
-        * If an initialValue is provided to the reduce method:
-        *  - The previousValue argument is initialValue.
-        *  - The currentValue argument is the value of the first element present in the array.
-        *
-        * If an initialValue is not provided:
-        *  - The previousValue argument is the value of the first element present in the array.
-        *  - The currentValue argument is the value of the second element present in the array.
-        *
-        * @callback geomReduceCallback
-        * @param {*} previousValue The accumulated value previously returned in the last invocation
-        * of the callback, or initialValue, if supplied.
-        * @param {Geometry} currentGeometry The current Geometry being processed.
-        * @param {number} featureIndex The current index of the Feature being processed.
-        * @param {Object} featureProperties The current Feature Properties being processed.
-        * @param {Array<number>} featureBBox The current Feature BBox being processed.
-        * @param {number|string} featureId The current Feature Id being processed.
-        */
+               return typeof reviver === "function" ? walk({
+                 "": j
+               }, "") : j;
+             } // If the text is not JSON parseable, then a SyntaxError is thrown.
 
-       /**
-        * Reduce geometry in any GeoJSON object, similar to Array.reduce().
-        *
-        * @name geomReduce
-        * @param {FeatureCollection|Feature|Geometry} geojson any GeoJSON object
-        * @param {Function} callback a method that takes (previousValue, currentGeometry, featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId)
-        * @param {*} [initialValue] Value to use as the first argument to the first call of the callback.
-        * @returns {*} The value that results from the reduction.
-        * @example
-        * var features = turf.featureCollection([
-        *     turf.point([26, 37], {foo: 'bar'}),
-        *     turf.point([36, 53], {hello: 'world'})
-        * ]);
-        *
-        * turf.geomReduce(features, function (previousValue, currentGeometry, featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId) {
-        *   //=previousValue
-        *   //=currentGeometry
-        *   //=featureIndex
-        *   //=featureProperties
-        *   //=featureBBox
-        *   //=featureId
-        *   return currentGeometry
-        * });
-        */
-       function geomReduce(geojson, callback, initialValue) {
-           var previousValue = initialValue;
-           geomEach(geojson, function (currentGeometry, featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId) {
-               if (featureIndex === 0 && initialValue === undefined) previousValue = currentGeometry;
-               else previousValue = callback(previousValue, currentGeometry, featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId);
-           });
-           return previousValue;
-       }
 
-       /**
-        * Callback for flattenEach
-        *
-        * @callback flattenEachCallback
-        * @param {Feature} currentFeature The current flattened feature being processed.
-        * @param {number} featureIndex The current index of the Feature being processed.
-        * @param {number} multiFeatureIndex The current index of the Multi-Feature being processed.
-        */
+             throw new SyntaxError("JSON.parse");
+           };
+         }
+       })();
 
-       /**
-        * Iterate over flattened features in any GeoJSON object, similar to
-        * Array.forEach.
-        *
-        * @name flattenEach
-        * @param {FeatureCollection|Feature|Geometry} geojson any GeoJSON object
-        * @param {Function} callback a method that takes (currentFeature, featureIndex, multiFeatureIndex)
-        * @example
-        * var features = turf.featureCollection([
-        *     turf.point([26, 37], {foo: 'bar'}),
-        *     turf.multiPoint([[40, 30], [36, 53]], {hello: 'world'})
-        * ]);
-        *
-        * turf.flattenEach(features, function (currentFeature, featureIndex, multiFeatureIndex) {
-        *   //=currentFeature
-        *   //=featureIndex
-        *   //=multiFeatureIndex
-        * });
-        */
-       function flattenEach(geojson, callback) {
-           geomEach(geojson, function (geometry, featureIndex, properties, bbox, id) {
-               // Callback for single geometry
-               var type = (geometry === null) ? null : geometry.type;
-               switch (type) {
-               case null:
-               case 'Point':
-               case 'LineString':
-               case 'Polygon':
-                   if (callback(feature$1(geometry, properties, {bbox: bbox, id: id}), featureIndex, 0) === false) return false;
-                   return;
-               }
+       var json2 = json2Plugin;
 
-               var geomType;
+       function json2Plugin() {
+         return {};
+       }
 
-               // Callback for multi-geometry
-               switch (type) {
-               case 'MultiPoint':
-                   geomType = 'Point';
-                   break;
-               case 'MultiLineString':
-                   geomType = 'LineString';
-                   break;
-               case 'MultiPolygon':
-                   geomType = 'Polygon';
-                   break;
-               }
+       var engine = storeEngine;
+       var storages = all;
+       var plugins = [json2];
+       var store_legacy = engine.createStore(storages, plugins);
 
-               for (var multiFeatureIndex = 0; multiFeatureIndex < geometry.coordinates.length; multiFeatureIndex++) {
-                   var coordinate = geometry.coordinates[multiFeatureIndex];
-                   var geom = {
-                       type: geomType,
-                       coordinates: coordinate
-                   };
-                   if (callback(feature$1(geom, properties), featureIndex, multiFeatureIndex) === false) return false;
-               }
-           });
-       }
+       var immutable = extend;
+       var hasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
 
-       /**
-        * Takes one or more features and returns their area in square meters.
-        *
-        * @name area
-        * @param {GeoJSON} geojson input GeoJSON feature(s)
-        * @returns {number} area in square meters
-        * @example
-        * var polygon = turf.polygon([[[125, -15], [113, -22], [154, -27], [144, -15], [125, -15]]]);
-        *
-        * var area = turf.area(polygon);
-        *
-        * //addToMap
-        * var addToMap = [polygon]
-        * polygon.properties.area = area
-        */
-       function area(geojson) {
-           return geomReduce(geojson, function (value, geom) {
-               return value + calculateArea(geom);
-           }, 0);
-       }
+       function extend() {
+         var target = {};
 
-       var RADIUS$1 = 6378137;
-       // var FLATTENING_DENOM = 298.257223563;
-       // var FLATTENING = 1 / FLATTENING_DENOM;
-       // var POLAR_RADIUS = RADIUS * (1 - FLATTENING);
+         for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+           var source = arguments[i];
 
-       /**
-        * Calculate Area
-        *
-        * @private
-        * @param {GeoJSON} geojson GeoJSON
-        * @returns {number} area
-        */
-       function calculateArea(geojson) {
-           var area = 0, i;
-           switch (geojson.type) {
-           case 'Polygon':
-               return polygonArea$1(geojson.coordinates);
-           case 'MultiPolygon':
-               for (i = 0; i < geojson.coordinates.length; i++) {
-                   area += polygonArea$1(geojson.coordinates[i]);
-               }
-               return area;
-           case 'Point':
-           case 'MultiPoint':
-           case 'LineString':
-           case 'MultiLineString':
-               return 0;
-           case 'GeometryCollection':
-               for (i = 0; i < geojson.geometries.length; i++) {
-                   area += calculateArea(geojson.geometries[i]);
-               }
-               return area;
+           for (var key in source) {
+             if (hasOwnProperty.call(source, key)) {
+               target[key] = source[key];
+             }
            }
-       }
+         }
 
-       function polygonArea$1(coords) {
-           var area = 0;
-           if (coords && coords.length > 0) {
-               area += Math.abs(ringArea$1(coords[0]));
-               for (var i = 1; i < coords.length; i++) {
-                   area -= Math.abs(ringArea$1(coords[i]));
-               }
-           }
-           return area;
+         return target;
        }
 
-       /**
-        * @private
-        * Calculate the approximate area of the polygon were it projected onto the earth.
-        * Note that this area will be positive if ring is oriented clockwise, otherwise it will be negative.
-        *
-        * Reference:
-        * Robert. G. Chamberlain and William H. Duquette, "Some Algorithms for Polygons on a Sphere", JPL Publication 07-03, Jet Propulsion
-        * Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, June 2007 http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/handle/2014/40409
-        *
-        * @param {Array<Array<number>>} coords Ring Coordinates
-        * @returns {number} The approximate signed geodesic area of the polygon in square meters.
-        */
-       function ringArea$1(coords) {
-           var p1;
-           var p2;
-           var p3;
-           var lowerIndex;
-           var middleIndex;
-           var upperIndex;
-           var i;
-           var area = 0;
-           var coordsLength = coords.length;
-
-           if (coordsLength > 2) {
-               for (i = 0; i < coordsLength; i++) {
-                   if (i === coordsLength - 2) { // i = N-2
-                       lowerIndex = coordsLength - 2;
-                       middleIndex = coordsLength - 1;
-                       upperIndex = 0;
-                   } else if (i === coordsLength - 1) { // i = N-1
-                       lowerIndex = coordsLength - 1;
-                       middleIndex = 0;
-                       upperIndex = 1;
-                   } else { // i = 0 to N-3
-                       lowerIndex = i;
-                       middleIndex = i + 1;
-                       upperIndex = i + 2;
-                   }
-                   p1 = coords[lowerIndex];
-                   p2 = coords[middleIndex];
-                   p3 = coords[upperIndex];
-                   area += (rad$1(p3[0]) - rad$1(p1[0])) * Math.sin(rad$1(p2[1]));
-               }
+       var ohauth = ohauth_1;
+       var resolveUrl = resolveUrl$1.exports;
+       var store = store_legacy;
+       var xtend = immutable; // # osm-auth
+       //
+       // This code is only compatible with IE10+ because the [XDomainRequest](http://bit.ly/LfO7xo)
+       // object, IE<10's idea of [CORS](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-origin_resource_sharing),
+       // does not support custom headers, which this uses everywhere.
 
-               area = area * RADIUS$1 * RADIUS$1 / 2;
-           }
+       var osmAuth = function osmAuth(o) {
+         var oauth = {}; // authenticated users will also have a request token secret, but it's
+         // not used in transactions with the server
 
-           return area;
-       }
+         oauth.authenticated = function () {
+           return !!(token('oauth_token') && token('oauth_token_secret'));
+         };
 
-       function rad$1(_) {
-           return _ * Math.PI / 180;
-       }
+         oauth.logout = function () {
+           token('oauth_token', '');
+           token('oauth_token_secret', '');
+           token('oauth_request_token_secret', '');
+           return oauth;
+         }; // TODO: detect lack of click event
+
+
+         oauth.authenticate = function (callback) {
+           if (oauth.authenticated()) return callback();
+           oauth.logout(); // ## Getting a request token
+
+           var params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
+               url = o.url + '/oauth/request_token';
+           params.oauth_signature = ohauth.signature(o.oauth_secret, '', ohauth.baseString('POST', url, params));
+
+           if (!o.singlepage) {
+             // Create a 600x550 popup window in the center of the screen
+             var w = 600,
+                 h = 550,
+                 settings = [['width', w], ['height', h], ['left', screen.width / 2 - w / 2], ['top', screen.height / 2 - h / 2]].map(function (x) {
+               return x.join('=');
+             }).join(','),
+                 popup = window.open('about:blank', 'oauth_window', settings);
+             oauth.popupWindow = popup;
+
+             if (!popup) {
+               var error = new Error('Popup was blocked');
+               error.status = 'popup-blocked';
+               throw error;
+             }
+           } // Request a request token. When this is complete, the popup
+           // window is redirected to OSM's authorization page.
+
+
+           ohauth.xhr('POST', url, params, null, {}, reqTokenDone);
+           o.loading();
+
+           function reqTokenDone(err, xhr) {
+             o.done();
+             if (err) return callback(err);
+             var resp = ohauth.stringQs(xhr.response);
+             token('oauth_request_token_secret', resp.oauth_token_secret);
+             var authorize_url = o.url + '/oauth/authorize?' + ohauth.qsString({
+               oauth_token: resp.oauth_token,
+               oauth_callback: resolveUrl(o.landing)
+             });
 
-       /**
-        * Get Geometry from Feature or Geometry Object
-        *
-        * @param {Feature|Geometry} geojson GeoJSON Feature or Geometry Object
-        * @returns {Geometry|null} GeoJSON Geometry Object
-        * @throws {Error} if geojson is not a Feature or Geometry Object
-        * @example
-        * var point = {
-        *   "type": "Feature",
-        *   "properties": {},
-        *   "geometry": {
-        *     "type": "Point",
-        *     "coordinates": [110, 40]
-        *   }
-        * }
-        * var geom = turf.getGeom(point)
-        * //={"type": "Point", "coordinates": [110, 40]}
-        */
-       function getGeom(geojson) {
-           if (!geojson) throw new Error('geojson is required');
-           if (geojson.geometry !== undefined) return geojson.geometry;
-           if (geojson.coordinates || geojson.geometries) return geojson;
-           throw new Error('geojson must be a valid Feature or Geometry Object');
-       }
+             if (o.singlepage) {
+               location.href = authorize_url;
+             } else {
+               popup.location = authorize_url;
+             }
+           } // Called by a function in a landing page, in the popup window. The
+           // window closes itself.
 
-       /**
-        * Finds the difference between two {@link Polygon|polygons} by clipping the second polygon from the first.
-        *
-        * @name difference
-        * @param {Feature<Polygon|MultiPolygon>} polygon1 input Polygon feature
-        * @param {Feature<Polygon|MultiPolygon>} polygon2 Polygon feature to difference from polygon1
-        * @returns {Feature<Polygon|MultiPolygon>|null} a Polygon or MultiPolygon feature showing the area of `polygon1` excluding the area of `polygon2` (if empty returns `null`)
-        * @example
-        * var polygon1 = turf.polygon([[
-        *   [128, -26],
-        *   [141, -26],
-        *   [141, -21],
-        *   [128, -21],
-        *   [128, -26]
-        * ]], {
-        *   "fill": "#F00",
-        *   "fill-opacity": 0.1
-        * });
-        * var polygon2 = turf.polygon([[
-        *   [126, -28],
-        *   [140, -28],
-        *   [140, -20],
-        *   [126, -20],
-        *   [126, -28]
-        * ]], {
-        *   "fill": "#00F",
-        *   "fill-opacity": 0.1
-        * });
-        *
-        * var difference = turf.difference(polygon1, polygon2);
-        *
-        * //addToMap
-        * var addToMap = [polygon1, polygon2, difference];
-        */
-       function difference(polygon1, polygon2) {
-           var geom1 = getGeom(polygon1);
-           var geom2 = getGeom(polygon2);
-           var properties = polygon1.properties || {};
 
-           // Issue #721 - JSTS can't handle empty polygons
-           geom1 = removeEmptyPolygon(geom1);
-           geom2 = removeEmptyPolygon(geom2);
-           if (!geom1) return null;
-           if (!geom2) return feature$1(geom1, properties);
+           window.authComplete = function (token) {
+             var oauth_token = ohauth.stringQs(token.split('?')[1]);
+             get_access_token(oauth_token.oauth_token);
+             delete window.authComplete;
+           }; // ## Getting an request token
+           //
+           // At this point we have an `oauth_token`, brought in from a function
+           // call on a landing page popup.
 
-           // JSTS difference operation
-           var reader = new GeoJSONReader();
-           var a = reader.read(geom1);
-           var b = reader.read(geom2);
-           var differenced = OverlayOp.difference(a, b);
-           if (differenced.isEmpty()) return null;
-           var writer = new GeoJSONWriter();
-           var geom = writer.write(differenced);
 
-           return feature$1(geom, properties);
-       }
+           function get_access_token(oauth_token) {
+             var url = o.url + '/oauth/access_token',
+                 params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
+                 request_token_secret = token('oauth_request_token_secret');
+             params.oauth_token = oauth_token;
+             params.oauth_signature = ohauth.signature(o.oauth_secret, request_token_secret, ohauth.baseString('POST', url, params)); // ## Getting an access token
+             //
+             // The final token required for authentication. At this point
+             // we have a `request token secret`
 
-       /**
-        * Detect Empty Polygon
-        *
-        * @private
-        * @param {Geometry<Polygon|MultiPolygon>} geom Geometry Object
-        * @returns {Geometry<Polygon|MultiPolygon>|null} removed any polygons with no areas
-        */
-       function removeEmptyPolygon(geom) {
-           switch (geom.type) {
-           case 'Polygon':
-               if (area(geom) > 1) return geom;
-               return null;
-           case 'MultiPolygon':
-               var coordinates = [];
-               flattenEach(geom, function (feature$$1) {
-                   if (area(feature$$1) > 1) coordinates.push(feature$$1.geometry.coordinates);
-               });
-               if (coordinates.length) return {type: 'MultiPolygon', coordinates: coordinates};
+             ohauth.xhr('POST', url, params, null, {}, accessTokenDone);
+             o.loading();
            }
-       }
-
-       /**
-        * Takes two or more {@link Polygon|polygons} and returns a combined polygon. If the input polygons are not contiguous, this function returns a {@link MultiPolygon} feature.
-        *
-        * @name union
-        * @param {...Feature<Polygon>} A polygon to combine
-        * @returns {Feature<(Polygon|MultiPolygon)>} a combined {@link Polygon} or {@link MultiPolygon} feature
-        * @example
-        * var poly1 = turf.polygon([[
-        *     [-82.574787, 35.594087],
-        *     [-82.574787, 35.615581],
-        *     [-82.545261, 35.615581],
-        *     [-82.545261, 35.594087],
-        *     [-82.574787, 35.594087]
-        * ]], {"fill": "#0f0"});
-        * var poly2 = turf.polygon([[
-        *     [-82.560024, 35.585153],
-        *     [-82.560024, 35.602602],
-        *     [-82.52964, 35.602602],
-        *     [-82.52964, 35.585153],
-        *     [-82.560024, 35.585153]
-        * ]], {"fill": "#00f"});
-        *
-        * var union = turf.union(poly1, poly2);
-        *
-        * //addToMap
-        * var addToMap = [poly1, poly2, union];
-        */
-       function union$1() {
-           var reader = new GeoJSONReader();
-           var result = reader.read(JSON.stringify(arguments[0].geometry));
 
-           for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
-               result = UnionOp.union(result, reader.read(JSON.stringify(arguments[i].geometry)));
+           function accessTokenDone(err, xhr) {
+             o.done();
+             if (err) return callback(err);
+             var access_token = ohauth.stringQs(xhr.response);
+             token('oauth_token', access_token.oauth_token);
+             token('oauth_token_secret', access_token.oauth_token_secret);
+             callback(null, oauth);
            }
+         };
 
-           var writer = new GeoJSONWriter();
-           result = writer.write(result);
-
-           return {
-               type: 'Feature',
-               geometry: result,
-               properties: arguments[0].properties
-           };
-       }
+         oauth.bringPopupWindowToFront = function () {
+           var brougtPopupToFront = false;
 
-       // Reduce an array of locations into a single GeoJSON feature
-       function _locationReducer(accumulator, location) {
-         /* eslint-disable no-console, no-invalid-this */
-         let result;
-         try {
-           let resolved = this.resolveLocation(location);
-           if (!resolved || !resolved.feature) {
-             console.warn(`Warning:  Couldn't resolve location "${location}"`);
-             return accumulator;
+           try {
+             // This may cause a cross-origin error:
+             // `DOMException: Blocked a frame with origin "..." from accessing a cross-origin frame.`
+             if (oauth.popupWindow && !oauth.popupWindow.closed) {
+               oauth.popupWindow.focus();
+               brougtPopupToFront = true;
+             }
+           } catch (err) {// Bringing popup window to front failed (probably because of the cross-origin error mentioned above)
            }
-           result = !accumulator ? resolved.feature : union$1(accumulator, resolved.feature);
-         } catch (e) {
-           console.warn(`Warning:  Error resolving location "${location}"`);
-           console.warn(e);
-           result = accumulator;
-         }
-
-         return result;
-         /* eslint-enable no-console, no-invalid-this */
-       }
-
 
+           return brougtPopupToFront;
+         };
 
-       function _cloneDeep(obj) {
-         return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj));
-       }
+         oauth.bootstrapToken = function (oauth_token, callback) {
+           // ## Getting an request token
+           // At this point we have an `oauth_token`, brought in from a function
+           // call on a landing page popup.
+           function get_access_token(oauth_token) {
+             var url = o.url + '/oauth/access_token',
+                 params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
+                 request_token_secret = token('oauth_request_token_secret');
+             params.oauth_token = oauth_token;
+             params.oauth_signature = ohauth.signature(o.oauth_secret, request_token_secret, ohauth.baseString('POST', url, params)); // ## Getting an access token
+             // The final token required for authentication. At this point
+             // we have a `request token secret`
 
+             ohauth.xhr('POST', url, params, null, {}, accessTokenDone);
+             o.loading();
+           }
 
-       class LocationConflation {
+           function accessTokenDone(err, xhr) {
+             o.done();
+             if (err) return callback(err);
+             var access_token = ohauth.stringQs(xhr.response);
+             token('oauth_token', access_token.oauth_token);
+             token('oauth_token_secret', access_token.oauth_token_secret);
+             callback(null, oauth);
+           }
 
-         // constructor
+           get_access_token(oauth_token);
+         }; // # xhr
          //
-         // Optionally pass a GeoJSON FeatureCollection of known features which we can refer to later.
-         // Each feature must have a filename-like `id`, for example: `something.geojson`
-         //
-         // {
-         //   "type": "FeatureCollection"
-         //   "features": [
-         //     {
-         //       "type": "Feature",
-         //       "id": "philly_metro.geojson",
-         //       "properties": { … },
-         //       "geometry": { … }
-         //     }
-         //   ]
-         // }
-         constructor(fc) {
-           this._cache = {};
+         // A single XMLHttpRequest wrapper that does authenticated calls if the
+         // user has logged in.
 
-           // process input FeatureCollection
-           if (fc && fc.type === 'FeatureCollection' && Array.isArray(fc.features)) {
-             fc.features.forEach(feature => {
-               feature.properties = feature.properties || {};
-               let props = feature.properties;
 
-               // get `id` from either `id` or `properties`
-               let id = feature.id || props.id;
-               if (!id || !/^\S+\.geojson$/i.test(id)) return;
+         oauth.xhr = function (options, callback) {
+           if (!oauth.authenticated()) {
+             if (o.auto) {
+               return oauth.authenticate(run);
+             } else {
+               callback('not authenticated', null);
+               return;
+             }
+           } else {
+             return run();
+           }
 
-               // ensure id exists and is lowercase
-               id = id.toLowerCase();
-               feature.id = id;
-               props.id = id;
+           function run() {
+             var params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
+                 oauth_token_secret = token('oauth_token_secret'),
+                 url = options.prefix !== false ? o.url + options.path : options.path,
+                 url_parts = url.replace(/#.*$/, '').split('?', 2),
+                 base_url = url_parts[0],
+                 query = url_parts.length === 2 ? url_parts[1] : ''; // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5849#section-3.4.1.3.1
 
-               // ensure area property exists
-               if (!props.area) {
-                 const area = geojsonArea.geometry(feature.geometry) / 1e6;  // m² to km²
-                 props.area = Number(area.toFixed(2));
-               }
+             if ((!options.options || !options.options.header || options.options.header['Content-Type'] === 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded') && options.content) {
+               params = xtend(params, ohauth.stringQs(options.content));
+             }
 
-               this._cache[id] = feature;
-             });
+             params.oauth_token = token('oauth_token');
+             params.oauth_signature = ohauth.signature(o.oauth_secret, oauth_token_secret, ohauth.baseString(options.method, base_url, xtend(params, ohauth.stringQs(query))));
+             return ohauth.xhr(options.method, url, params, options.content, options.options, done);
            }
 
-           // Replace CountryCoder world geometry to have a polygon covering the world.
-           let world = _cloneDeep(feature('Q2'));
-           world.geometry = {
-             type: 'Polygon',
-             coordinates: [[[-180, -90], [180, -90], [180, 90], [-180, 90], [-180, -90]]]
-           };
-           world.id = 'Q2';
-           world.properties.id = 'Q2';
-           world.properties.area = geojsonArea.geometry(world.geometry) / 1e6;  // m² to km²
-           this._cache.Q2 = world;
-         }
+           function done(err, xhr) {
+             if (err) return callback(err);else if (xhr.responseXML) return callback(err, xhr.responseXML);else return callback(err, xhr.response);
+           }
+         }; // pre-authorize this object, if we can just get a token and token_secret
+         // from the start
 
 
-         // validateLocation
-         //
-         // Pass a `location` identifier
-         // Returns a result like
-         //   {
-         //     type:     'point', 'geojson', or 'countrycoder'
-         //     location:  the queried location
-         //     id:        a unique identifier
-         //   }
-         //  or `null` if the location is invalid
-         //
-         validateLocation(location) {
-           if (Array.isArray(location)) {   // a [lon,lat] coordinate pair?
-             if (location.length === 2 && Number.isFinite(location[0]) && Number.isFinite(location[1]) &&
-               location[0] >= -180 && location[0] <= 180 && location[1] >= -90 && location[1] <= 90
-             ) {
-               const id = '[' + location.toString() + ']';
-               return { type: 'point', location: location, id: id };
-             }
+         oauth.preauth = function (c) {
+           if (!c) return;
+           if (c.oauth_token) token('oauth_token', c.oauth_token);
+           if (c.oauth_token_secret) token('oauth_token_secret', c.oauth_token_secret);
+           return oauth;
+         };
 
-           } else if (typeof location === 'string' && /^\S+\.geojson$/i.test(location)) {   // a .geojson filename?
-             const id = location.toLowerCase();
-             if (this._cache[id]) {
-               return { type: 'geojson', location: location, id: id };
-             }
+         oauth.options = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return o;
+           o = _;
+           o.url = o.url || 'https://www.openstreetmap.org';
+           o.landing = o.landing || 'land.html';
+           o.singlepage = o.singlepage || false; // Optional loading and loading-done functions for nice UI feedback.
+           // by default, no-ops
 
-           } else if (typeof location === 'string' || typeof location === 'number') {   // a country-coder value?
-             const feature$1 = feature(location);
-             if (feature$1) {
-               // Use wikidata QID as the identifier, since that seems to be the only
-               // property that everything in CountryCoder is guaranteed to have.
-               const id = feature$1.properties.wikidata;
-               return { type: 'countrycoder', location: location, id: id };
-             }
-           }
+           o.loading = o.loading || function () {};
 
-           return null;
-         }
+           o.done = o.done || function () {};
 
+           return oauth.preauth(o);
+         }; // 'stamp' an authentication object from `getAuth()`
+         // with a [nonce](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce)
+         // and timestamp
 
-         // resolveLocation
-         //
-         // Pass a `location` identifier
-         // Returns a result like
-         //   {
-         //     type:      'point', 'geojson', or 'countrycoder'
-         //     location:  the queried location
-         //     id:        a unique identifier
-         //     feature:   the geojson feature
-         //   }
-         //  or `null` if the location is invalid
-         //
-         resolveLocation(location) {
-           const valid = this.validateLocation(location);
-           if (!valid) return null;
-
-           // return a result from cache if we can
-           if (this._cache[valid.id]) {
-             return Object.assign(valid, { feature: this._cache[valid.id] });
-           }
-
-           // a [lon,lat] coordinate pair?
-           if (valid.type === 'point') {
-             const RADIUS = 25000;  // meters
-             const EDGES = 10;
-             const PRECISION = 3;
-             const area = Math.PI * RADIUS * RADIUS / 1e6;     // m² to km²
-             const feature = this._cache[valid.id] = geojsonPrecision({
-               type: 'Feature',
-               id: valid.id,
-               properties: { id: valid.id, area: Number(area.toFixed(2)) },
-               geometry: circleToPolygon(location, RADIUS, EDGES)
-             }, PRECISION);
-             return Object.assign(valid, { feature: feature });
-
-           // a .geojson filename?
-           } else if (valid.type === 'geojson') ; else if (valid.type === 'countrycoder') {
-             let feature$1 = _cloneDeep(feature(valid.id));
-             let props = feature$1.properties;
-
-             // -> This block of code is weird and requires some explanation. <-
-             // CountryCoder includes higher level features which are made up of members.
-             // These features don't have their own geometry, but CountryCoder provides an
-             //   `aggregateFeature` method to combine these members into a MultiPolygon.
-             // BUT, when we try to actually work with these aggregated MultiPolygons,
-             //   Turf/JSTS gets crashy because of topography bugs.
-             // SO, we'll aggregate the features ourselves by unioning them together.
-             // This approach also has the benefit of removing all the internal boaders and
-             //   simplifying the regional polygons a lot.
-             if (Array.isArray(props.members)) {
-               let seed = feature$1.geometry ? feature$1 : null;
-               let aggregate = props.members.reduce(_locationReducer.bind(this), seed);
-               feature$1.geometry = aggregate.geometry;
-             }
-
-             // ensure area property exists
-             if (!props.area) {
-               const area = geojsonArea.geometry(feature$1.geometry) / 1e6;  // m² to km²
-               props.area = Number(area.toFixed(2));
-             }
-
-             // ensure id property exists
-             feature$1.id = valid.id;
-             props.id = valid.id;
-
-             this._cache[valid.id] = feature$1;
-             return Object.assign(valid, { feature: feature$1 });
-           }
 
-           return null;
-         }
+         function timenonce(o) {
+           o.oauth_timestamp = ohauth.timestamp();
+           o.oauth_nonce = ohauth.nonce();
+           return o;
+         } // get/set tokens. These are prefixed with the base URL so that `osm-auth`
+         // can be used with multiple APIs and the keys in `localStorage`
+         // will not clash
 
 
-         // resolveLocationSet
-         //
-         // Pass a `locationSet` Object like:
-         //   `{ include: [ Array ], exclude: [ Array ] }`
-         // Returns a stable identifier string of the form:
-         //   "+[included]-[excluded]"
-         //
-         resolveLocationSet(locationSet) {
-           locationSet = locationSet || {};
-           const resolve = this.resolveLocation.bind(this);
-           let include = (locationSet.include || []).map(resolve).filter(Boolean);
-           let exclude = (locationSet.exclude || []).map(resolve).filter(Boolean);
+         var token;
+
+         if (store.enabled) {
+           token = function token(x, y) {
+             if (arguments.length === 1) return store.get(o.url + x);else if (arguments.length === 2) return store.set(o.url + x, y);
+           };
+         } else {
+           var storage = {};
+
+           token = function token(x, y) {
+             if (arguments.length === 1) return storage[o.url + x];else if (arguments.length === 2) return storage[o.url + x] = y;
+           };
+         } // Get an authentication object. If you just add and remove properties
+         // from a single object, you'll need to use `delete` to make sure that
+         // it doesn't contain undesired properties for authentication
+
 
-           if (!include.length) {
-             include = [resolve('Q2')];   // default to 'the world'
-           }
+         function getAuth(o) {
+           return {
+             oauth_consumer_key: o.oauth_consumer_key,
+             oauth_signature_method: 'HMAC-SHA1'
+           };
+         } // potentially pre-authorize
 
-           // return quickly if it's a single included location..
-           if (include.length === 1 && exclude.length === 0) {
-             return include[0].feature;
-           }
 
-           // generate stable identifier
-           include.sort(sortFeatures);
-           let id = '+[' + include.map(d => d.id).join(',') + ']';
-           if (exclude.length) {
-             exclude.sort(sortFeatures);
-             id += '-[' + exclude.map(d => d.id).join(',') + ']';
-           }
+         oauth.options(o);
+         return oauth;
+       };
 
-           // return cached?
-           if (this._cache[id]) {
-             return this._cache[id];
-           }
+       var tiler$2 = utilTiler();
+       var dispatch$2 = dispatch$8('apiStatusChange', 'authLoading', 'authDone', 'change', 'loading', 'loaded', 'loadedNotes');
+       var urlroot = 'https://www.openstreetmap.org';
+       var oauth = osmAuth({
+         url: urlroot,
+         oauth_consumer_key: '5A043yRSEugj4DJ5TljuapfnrflWDte8jTOcWLlT',
+         oauth_secret: 'aB3jKq1TRsCOUrfOIZ6oQMEDmv2ptV76PA54NGLL',
+         loading: authLoading,
+         done: authDone
+       }); // hardcode default block of Google Maps
+
+       var _imageryBlocklists = [/.*\.google(apis)?\..*\/(vt|kh)[\?\/].*([xyz]=.*){3}.*/];
+       var _tileCache = {
+         toLoad: {},
+         loaded: {},
+         inflight: {},
+         seen: {},
+         rtree: new RBush()
+       };
+       var _noteCache = {
+         toLoad: {},
+         loaded: {},
+         inflight: {},
+         inflightPost: {},
+         note: {},
+         closed: {},
+         rtree: new RBush()
+       };
+       var _userCache = {
+         toLoad: {},
+         user: {}
+       };
 
-           // calculate unions
-           let includeGeoJSON = include.map(d => d.location).reduce(_locationReducer.bind(this), null);
-           let excludeGeoJSON = exclude.map(d => d.location).reduce(_locationReducer.bind(this), null);
+       var _cachedApiStatus;
 
-           // calculate difference, update area and return result
-           let resultGeoJSON = excludeGeoJSON ? difference(includeGeoJSON, excludeGeoJSON) : includeGeoJSON;
-           const area = geojsonArea.geometry(resultGeoJSON.geometry) / 1e6;  // m² to km²
-           resultGeoJSON.id = id;
-           resultGeoJSON.properties = { id: id, area: Number(area.toFixed(2)) };
+       var _changeset = {};
 
-           return this._cache[id] = resultGeoJSON;
+       var _deferred = new Set();
 
+       var _connectionID = 1;
+       var _tileZoom = 16;
+       var _noteZoom = 12;
 
-           // Sorting the location lists is ok because they end up unioned together.
-           // This sorting makes it possible to generate a deterministic id.
-           function sortFeatures(a, b) {
-             const rank = { countrycoder: 1, geojson: 2, point: 3 };
-             const aRank = rank[a.type];
-             const bRank = rank[b.type];
+       var _rateLimitError;
 
-             return (aRank > bRank) ? 1
-               : (aRank < bRank) ? -1
-               : a.id.localeCompare(b.id);
-           }
-         }
+       var _userChangesets;
 
+       var _userDetails;
 
-         cache() {
-           return this._cache;
-         }
-       }
+       var _off; // set a default but also load this from the API status
 
-       let _oci = null;
 
-       function uiSuccess(context) {
-         const MAXEVENTS = 2;
-         const dispatch$1 = dispatch('cancel');
-         let _changeset;
-         let _location;
-         ensureOSMCommunityIndex();   // start fetching the data
+       var _maxWayNodes = 2000;
 
+       function authLoading() {
+         dispatch$2.call('authLoading');
+       }
 
-         function ensureOSMCommunityIndex() {
-           const data = _mainFileFetcher;
-           return Promise.all([ data.get('oci_resources'), data.get('oci_features') ])
-             .then(vals => {
-               if (_oci) return _oci;
-
-               const ociResources = vals[0].resources;
-               const loco = new LocationConflation(vals[1]);
-               let ociFeatures = {};
-
-               Object.values(ociResources).forEach(resource => {
-                 const feature = loco.resolveLocationSet(resource.locationSet);
-                 let ociFeature = ociFeatures[feature.id];
-                 if (!ociFeature) {
-                   ociFeature = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(feature));  // deep clone
-                   ociFeature.properties.resourceIDs = new Set();
-                   ociFeatures[feature.id] = ociFeature;
-                 }
-                 ociFeature.properties.resourceIDs.add(resource.id);
-               });
+       function authDone() {
+         dispatch$2.call('authDone');
+       }
 
-               return _oci = {
-                 features: ociFeatures,
-                 resources: ociResources,
-                 query: whichPolygon_1({ type: 'FeatureCollection', features: Object.values(ociFeatures) })
-               };
-             });
+       function abortRequest$2(controllerOrXHR) {
+         if (controllerOrXHR) {
+           controllerOrXHR.abort();
          }
+       }
 
+       function hasInflightRequests(cache) {
+         return Object.keys(cache.inflight).length;
+       }
 
-         // string-to-date parsing in JavaScript is weird
-         function parseEventDate(when) {
-           if (!when) return;
+       function abortUnwantedRequests(cache, visibleTiles) {
+         Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function (k) {
+           if (cache.toLoad[k]) return;
+           if (visibleTiles.find(function (tile) {
+             return k === tile.id;
+           })) return;
+           abortRequest$2(cache.inflight[k]);
+           delete cache.inflight[k];
+         });
+       }
 
-           let raw = when.trim();
-           if (!raw) return;
+       function getLoc(attrs) {
+         var lon = attrs.lon && attrs.lon.value;
+         var lat = attrs.lat && attrs.lat.value;
+         return [parseFloat(lon), parseFloat(lat)];
+       }
 
-           if (!/Z$/.test(raw)) {   // if no trailing 'Z', add one
-             raw += 'Z';            // this forces date to be parsed as a UTC date
-           }
+       function getNodes(obj) {
+         var elems = obj.getElementsByTagName('nd');
+         var nodes = new Array(elems.length);
 
-           const parsed = new Date(raw);
-           return new Date(parsed.toUTCString().substr(0, 25));  // convert to local timezone
+         for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
+           nodes[i] = 'n' + elems[i].attributes.ref.value;
          }
 
+         return nodes;
+       }
 
-         function success(selection) {
-           let header = selection
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'header fillL');
-
-           header
-             .append('h3')
-             .text(_t('success.just_edited'));
-
-           header
-             .append('button')
-             .attr('class', 'close')
-             .on('click', () => dispatch$1.call('cancel'))
-             .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
-
-           let body = selection
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'body save-success fillL');
-
-           let summary = body
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'save-summary');
-
-           summary
-             .append('h3')
-             .text(_t('success.thank_you' + (_location ? '_location' : ''), { where: _location }));
-
-           summary
-             .append('p')
-             .text(_t('success.help_html'))
-             .append('a')
-             .attr('class', 'link-out')
-             .attr('target', '_blank')
-             .attr('tabindex', -1)
-             .attr('href', _t('success.help_link_url'))
-             .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
-             .append('span')
-             .text(_t('success.help_link_text'));
-
-           let osm = context.connection();
-           if (!osm) return;
-
-           let changesetURL = osm.changesetURL(_changeset.id);
-
-           let table = summary
-             .append('table')
-             .attr('class', 'summary-table');
-
-           let row = table
-             .append('tr')
-             .attr('class', 'summary-row');
-
-           row
-             .append('td')
-             .attr('class', 'cell-icon summary-icon')
-             .append('a')
-             .attr('target', '_blank')
-             .attr('href', changesetURL)
-             .append('svg')
-             .attr('class', 'logo-small')
-             .append('use')
-             .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-osm');
-
-           let summaryDetail = row
-             .append('td')
-             .attr('class', 'cell-detail summary-detail');
-
-           summaryDetail
-             .append('a')
-             .attr('class', 'cell-detail summary-view-on-osm')
-             .attr('target', '_blank')
-             .attr('href', changesetURL)
-             .text(_t('success.view_on_osm'));
-
-           summaryDetail
-             .append('div')
-             .html(_t('success.changeset_id', {
-               changeset_id: `<a href="${changesetURL}" target="_blank">${_changeset.id}</a>`
-             }));
+       function getNodesJSON(obj) {
+         var elems = obj.nodes;
+         var nodes = new Array(elems.length);
 
+         for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
+           nodes[i] = 'n' + elems[i];
+         }
 
-           // Get OSM community index features intersecting the map..
-           ensureOSMCommunityIndex()
-             .then(oci => {
-               let communities = [];
-               const properties = oci.query(context.map().center(), true) || [];
-
-               // Gather the communities from the result
-               properties.forEach(props => {
-                 const resourceIDs = Array.from(props.resourceIDs);
-                 resourceIDs.forEach(resourceID => {
-                   const resource = oci.resources[resourceID];
-                   communities.push({
-                     area: props.area || Infinity,
-                     order: resource.order || 0,
-                     resource: resource
-                   });
-                 });
-               });
+         return nodes;
+       }
 
-               // sort communities by feature area ascending, community order descending
-               communities.sort((a, b) => a.area - b.area || b.order - a.order);
+       function getTags(obj) {
+         var elems = obj.getElementsByTagName('tag');
+         var tags = {};
 
-               body
-                 .call(showCommunityLinks, communities.map(c => c.resource));
-             });
+         for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
+           var attrs = elems[i].attributes;
+           tags[attrs.k.value] = attrs.v.value;
          }
 
+         return tags;
+       }
 
-         function showCommunityLinks(selection, resources) {
-           let communityLinks = selection
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'save-communityLinks');
-
-           communityLinks
-             .append('h3')
-             .text(_t('success.like_osm'));
-
-           let table = communityLinks
-             .append('table')
-             .attr('class', 'community-table');
-
-           let row = table.selectAll('.community-row')
-             .data(resources);
-
-           let rowEnter = row.enter()
-             .append('tr')
-             .attr('class', 'community-row');
-
-           rowEnter
-             .append('td')
-             .attr('class', 'cell-icon community-icon')
-             .append('a')
-             .attr('target', '_blank')
-             .attr('href', d => d.url)
-             .append('svg')
-             .attr('class', 'logo-small')
-             .append('use')
-             .attr('xlink:href', d => `#community-${d.type}`);
-
-           let communityDetail = rowEnter
-             .append('td')
-             .attr('class', 'cell-detail community-detail');
-
-           communityDetail
-             .each(showCommunityDetails);
-
-           communityLinks
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'community-missing')
-             .text(_t('success.missing'))
-             .append('a')
-             .attr('class', 'link-out')
-             .attr('target', '_blank')
-             .attr('tabindex', -1)
-             .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
-             .attr('href', 'https://github.com/osmlab/osm-community-index/issues')
-             .append('span')
-             .text(_t('success.tell_us'));
+       function getMembers(obj) {
+         var elems = obj.getElementsByTagName('member');
+         var members = new Array(elems.length);
+
+         for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
+           var attrs = elems[i].attributes;
+           members[i] = {
+             id: attrs.type.value[0] + attrs.ref.value,
+             type: attrs.type.value,
+             role: attrs.role.value
+           };
          }
 
+         return members;
+       }
 
-         function showCommunityDetails(d) {
-           let selection = select(this);
-           let communityID = d.id;
-           let replacements = {
-             url: linkify(d.url),
-             signupUrl: linkify(d.signupUrl || d.url)
+       function getMembersJSON(obj) {
+         var elems = obj.members;
+         var members = new Array(elems.length);
+
+         for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
+           var attrs = elems[i];
+           members[i] = {
+             id: attrs.type[0] + attrs.ref,
+             type: attrs.type,
+             role: attrs.role
            };
+         }
 
-           selection
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'community-name')
-             .append('a')
-             .attr('target', '_blank')
-             .attr('href', d.url)
-             .text(_t(`community.${d.id}.name`));
-
-           let descriptionHTML = _t(`community.${d.id}.description`, replacements);
-
-           if (d.type === 'reddit') {   // linkify subreddits  #4997
-             descriptionHTML = descriptionHTML
-               .replace(/(\/r\/\w*\/*)/i, match => linkify(d.url, match));
-           }
-
-           selection
-             .append('div')
-             .attr('class', 'community-description')
-             .html(descriptionHTML);
-
-           if (d.extendedDescription || (d.languageCodes && d.languageCodes.length)) {
-             selection
-               .append('div')
-               .call(uiDisclosure(context, `community-more-${d.id}`, false)
-                 .expanded(false)
-                 .updatePreference(false)
-                 .title(_t('success.more'))
-                 .content(showMore)
-               );
-           }
+         return members;
+       }
 
-           let nextEvents = (d.events || [])
-             .map(event => {
-               event.date = parseEventDate(event.when);
-               return event;
-             })
-             .filter(event => {      // date is valid and future (or today)
-               const t = event.date.getTime();
-               const now = (new Date()).setHours(0,0,0,0);
-               return !isNaN(t) && t >= now;
-             })
-             .sort((a, b) => {       // sort by date ascending
-               return a.date < b.date ? -1 : a.date > b.date ? 1 : 0;
-             })
-             .slice(0, MAXEVENTS);   // limit number of events shown
+       function getVisible(attrs) {
+         return !attrs.visible || attrs.visible.value !== 'false';
+       }
 
-           if (nextEvents.length) {
-             selection
-               .append('div')
-               .call(uiDisclosure(context, `community-events-${d.id}`, false)
-                 .expanded(false)
-                 .updatePreference(false)
-                 .title(_t('success.events'))
-                 .content(showNextEvents)
-               )
-               .select('.hide-toggle')
-               .append('span')
-               .attr('class', 'badge-text')
-               .text(nextEvents.length);
-           }
+       function parseComments(comments) {
+         var parsedComments = []; // for each comment
 
+         for (var i = 0; i < comments.length; i++) {
+           var comment = comments[i];
 
-           function showMore(selection) {
-             let more = selection.selectAll('.community-more')
-               .data([0]);
+           if (comment.nodeName === 'comment') {
+             var childNodes = comment.childNodes;
+             var parsedComment = {};
 
-             let moreEnter = more.enter()
-               .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'community-more');
+             for (var j = 0; j < childNodes.length; j++) {
+               var node = childNodes[j];
+               var nodeName = node.nodeName;
+               if (nodeName === '#text') continue;
+               parsedComment[nodeName] = node.textContent;
 
-             if (d.extendedDescription) {
-               moreEnter
-                 .append('div')
-                 .attr('class', 'community-extended-description')
-                 .html(_t(`community.${d.id}.extendedDescription`, replacements));
-             }
+               if (nodeName === 'uid') {
+                 var uid = node.textContent;
 
-             if (d.languageCodes && d.languageCodes.length) {
-               const languageList = d.languageCodes
-                 .map(code => _mainLocalizer.languageName(code))
-                 .join(', ');
+                 if (uid && !_userCache.user[uid]) {
+                   _userCache.toLoad[uid] = true;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-               moreEnter
-                 .append('div')
-                 .attr('class', 'community-languages')
-                 .text(_t('success.languages', { languages: languageList }));
+             if (parsedComment) {
+               parsedComments.push(parsedComment);
              }
            }
+         }
 
+         return parsedComments;
+       }
 
-           function showNextEvents(selection) {
-             let events = selection
-               .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'community-events');
-
-             let item = events.selectAll('.community-event')
-               .data(nextEvents);
+       function encodeNoteRtree(note) {
+         return {
+           minX: note.loc[0],
+           minY: note.loc[1],
+           maxX: note.loc[0],
+           maxY: note.loc[1],
+           data: note
+         };
+       }
 
-             let itemEnter = item.enter()
-               .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'community-event');
+       var jsonparsers = {
+         node: function nodeData(obj, uid) {
+           return new osmNode({
+             id: uid,
+             visible: typeof obj.visible === 'boolean' ? obj.visible : true,
+             version: obj.version && obj.version.toString(),
+             changeset: obj.changeset && obj.changeset.toString(),
+             timestamp: obj.timestamp,
+             user: obj.user,
+             uid: obj.uid && obj.uid.toString(),
+             loc: [parseFloat(obj.lon), parseFloat(obj.lat)],
+             tags: obj.tags
+           });
+         },
+         way: function wayData(obj, uid) {
+           return new osmWay({
+             id: uid,
+             visible: typeof obj.visible === 'boolean' ? obj.visible : true,
+             version: obj.version && obj.version.toString(),
+             changeset: obj.changeset && obj.changeset.toString(),
+             timestamp: obj.timestamp,
+             user: obj.user,
+             uid: obj.uid && obj.uid.toString(),
+             tags: obj.tags,
+             nodes: getNodesJSON(obj)
+           });
+         },
+         relation: function relationData(obj, uid) {
+           return new osmRelation({
+             id: uid,
+             visible: typeof obj.visible === 'boolean' ? obj.visible : true,
+             version: obj.version && obj.version.toString(),
+             changeset: obj.changeset && obj.changeset.toString(),
+             timestamp: obj.timestamp,
+             user: obj.user,
+             uid: obj.uid && obj.uid.toString(),
+             tags: obj.tags,
+             members: getMembersJSON(obj)
+           });
+         },
+         user: function parseUser(obj, uid) {
+           return {
+             id: uid,
+             display_name: obj.display_name,
+             account_created: obj.account_created,
+             image_url: obj.img && obj.img.href,
+             changesets_count: obj.changesets && obj.changesets.count && obj.changesets.count.toString() || '0',
+             active_blocks: obj.blocks && obj.blocks.received && obj.blocks.received.active && obj.blocks.received.active.toString() || '0'
+           };
+         }
+       };
 
-             itemEnter
-               .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'community-event-name')
-               .append('a')
-               .attr('target', '_blank')
-               .attr('href', d => d.url)
-               .text(d => {
-                 let name = d.name;
-                 if (d.i18n && d.id) {
-                   name = _t(`community.${communityID}.events.${d.id}.name`, { default: name });
-                 }
-                 return name;
-               });
+       function parseJSON(payload, callback, options) {
+         options = Object.assign({
+           skipSeen: true
+         }, options);
+
+         if (!payload) {
+           return callback({
+             message: 'No JSON',
+             status: -1
+           });
+         }
 
-             itemEnter
-               .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'community-event-when')
-               .text(d => {
-                 let options = { weekday: 'short', day: 'numeric', month: 'short', year: 'numeric' };
-                 if (d.date.getHours() || d.date.getMinutes()) {   // include time if it has one
-                   options.hour = 'numeric';
-                   options.minute = 'numeric';
-                 }
-                 return d.date.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
-               });
+         var json = payload;
+         if (_typeof(json) !== 'object') json = JSON.parse(payload);
+         if (!json.elements) return callback({
+           message: 'No JSON',
+           status: -1
+         });
+         var children = json.elements;
+         var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+           _deferred["delete"](handle);
 
-             itemEnter
-               .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'community-event-where')
-               .text(d => {
-                 let where = d.where;
-                 if (d.i18n && d.id) {
-                   where = _t(`community.${communityID}.events.${d.id}.where`, { default: where });
-                 }
-                 return where;
-               });
+           var results = [];
+           var result;
 
-             itemEnter
-               .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'community-event-description')
-               .text(d => {
-                 let description = d.description;
-                 if (d.i18n && d.id) {
-                   description = _t(`community.${communityID}.events.${d.id}.description`, { default: description });
-                 }
-                 return description;
-               });
+           for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
+             result = parseChild(children[i]);
+             if (result) results.push(result);
            }
 
+           callback(null, results);
+         });
 
-           function linkify(url, text) {
-             text = text || url;
-             return `<a target="_blank" href="${url}">${text}</a>`;
-           }
-         }
+         _deferred.add(handle);
 
+         function parseChild(child) {
+           var parser = jsonparsers[child.type];
+           if (!parser) return null;
+           var uid;
+           uid = osmEntity.id.fromOSM(child.type, child.id);
 
-         success.changeset = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _changeset;
-           _changeset = val;
-           return success;
-         };
+           if (options.skipSeen) {
+             if (_tileCache.seen[uid]) return null; // avoid reparsing a "seen" entity
 
+             _tileCache.seen[uid] = true;
+           }
 
-         success.location = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _location;
-           _location = val;
-           return success;
-         };
+           return parser(child, uid);
+         }
+       }
 
+       function parseUserJSON(payload, callback, options) {
+         options = Object.assign({
+           skipSeen: true
+         }, options);
 
-         return utilRebind(success, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+         if (!payload) {
+           return callback({
+             message: 'No JSON',
+             status: -1
+           });
+         }
 
-       function modeSave(context) {
-           var mode = { id: 'save' };
-           var keybinding = utilKeybinding('modeSave');
+         var json = payload;
+         if (_typeof(json) !== 'object') json = JSON.parse(payload);
+         if (!json.users && !json.user) return callback({
+           message: 'No JSON',
+           status: -1
+         });
+         var objs = json.users || [json];
+         var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+           _deferred["delete"](handle);
 
-           var commit = uiCommit(context)
-               .on('cancel', cancel);
-           var _conflictsUi; // uiConflicts
+           var results = [];
+           var result;
 
-           var _location;
-           var _success;
+           for (var i = 0; i < objs.length; i++) {
+             result = parseObj(objs[i]);
+             if (result) results.push(result);
+           }
 
-           var uploader = context.uploader()
-               .on('saveStarted.modeSave', function() {
-                   keybindingOff();
-               })
-               // fire off some async work that we want to be ready later
-               .on('willAttemptUpload.modeSave', prepareForSuccess)
-               .on('progressChanged.modeSave', showProgress)
-               .on('resultNoChanges.modeSave', function() {
-                   cancel();
-               })
-               .on('resultErrors.modeSave', showErrors)
-               .on('resultConflicts.modeSave', showConflicts)
-               .on('resultSuccess.modeSave', showSuccess);
+           callback(null, results);
+         });
 
+         _deferred.add(handle);
 
-           function cancel() {
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         function parseObj(obj) {
+           var uid = obj.user.id && obj.user.id.toString();
+
+           if (options.skipSeen && _userCache.user[uid]) {
+             delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
+             return null;
            }
 
+           var user = jsonparsers.user(obj.user, uid);
+           _userCache.user[uid] = user;
+           delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
+           return user;
+         }
+       }
 
-           function showProgress(num, total) {
-               var modal = context.container().select('.loading-modal .modal-section');
-               var progress = modal.selectAll('.progress')
-                   .data([0]);
+       var parsers = {
+         node: function nodeData(obj, uid) {
+           var attrs = obj.attributes;
+           return new osmNode({
+             id: uid,
+             visible: getVisible(attrs),
+             version: attrs.version.value,
+             changeset: attrs.changeset && attrs.changeset.value,
+             timestamp: attrs.timestamp && attrs.timestamp.value,
+             user: attrs.user && attrs.user.value,
+             uid: attrs.uid && attrs.uid.value,
+             loc: getLoc(attrs),
+             tags: getTags(obj)
+           });
+         },
+         way: function wayData(obj, uid) {
+           var attrs = obj.attributes;
+           return new osmWay({
+             id: uid,
+             visible: getVisible(attrs),
+             version: attrs.version.value,
+             changeset: attrs.changeset && attrs.changeset.value,
+             timestamp: attrs.timestamp && attrs.timestamp.value,
+             user: attrs.user && attrs.user.value,
+             uid: attrs.uid && attrs.uid.value,
+             tags: getTags(obj),
+             nodes: getNodes(obj)
+           });
+         },
+         relation: function relationData(obj, uid) {
+           var attrs = obj.attributes;
+           return new osmRelation({
+             id: uid,
+             visible: getVisible(attrs),
+             version: attrs.version.value,
+             changeset: attrs.changeset && attrs.changeset.value,
+             timestamp: attrs.timestamp && attrs.timestamp.value,
+             user: attrs.user && attrs.user.value,
+             uid: attrs.uid && attrs.uid.value,
+             tags: getTags(obj),
+             members: getMembers(obj)
+           });
+         },
+         note: function parseNote(obj, uid) {
+           var attrs = obj.attributes;
+           var childNodes = obj.childNodes;
+           var props = {};
+           props.id = uid;
+           props.loc = getLoc(attrs); // if notes are coincident, move them apart slightly
 
-               // enter/update
-               progress.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'progress')
-                   .merge(progress)
-                   .text(_t('save.conflict_progress', { num: num, total: total }));
-           }
+           var coincident = false;
+           var epsilon = 0.00001;
 
+           do {
+             if (coincident) {
+               props.loc = geoVecAdd(props.loc, [epsilon, epsilon]);
+             }
 
-           function showConflicts(changeset, conflicts, origChanges) {
+             var bbox = geoExtent(props.loc).bbox();
+             coincident = _noteCache.rtree.search(bbox).length;
+           } while (coincident); // parse note contents
 
-               var selection = context.container()
-                   .select('.sidebar')
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class','sidebar-component');
-
-               context.container().selectAll('.main-content')
-                   .classed('active', true)
-                   .classed('inactive', false);
-
-               _conflictsUi = uiConflicts(context)
-                   .conflictList(conflicts)
-                   .origChanges(origChanges)
-                   .on('cancel', function() {
-                       context.container().selectAll('.main-content')
-                           .classed('active', false)
-                           .classed('inactive', true);
-                       selection.remove();
-                       keybindingOn();
-
-                       uploader.cancelConflictResolution();
-                   })
-                   .on('save', function() {
-                       context.container().selectAll('.main-content')
-                           .classed('active', false)
-                           .classed('inactive', true);
-                       selection.remove();
-
-                       uploader.processResolvedConflicts(changeset);
-                   });
 
-               selection.call(_conflictsUi);
+           for (var i = 0; i < childNodes.length; i++) {
+             var node = childNodes[i];
+             var nodeName = node.nodeName;
+             if (nodeName === '#text') continue; // if the element is comments, parse the comments
+
+             if (nodeName === 'comments') {
+               props[nodeName] = parseComments(node.childNodes);
+             } else {
+               props[nodeName] = node.textContent;
+             }
            }
 
+           var note = new osmNote(props);
+           var item = encodeNoteRtree(note);
+           _noteCache.note[note.id] = note;
 
-           function showErrors(errors) {
-               keybindingOn();
+           _noteCache.rtree.insert(item);
 
-               var selection = uiConfirm(context.container());
-               selection
-                   .select('.modal-section.header')
-                   .append('h3')
-                   .text(_t('save.error'));
+           return note;
+         },
+         user: function parseUser(obj, uid) {
+           var attrs = obj.attributes;
+           var user = {
+             id: uid,
+             display_name: attrs.display_name && attrs.display_name.value,
+             account_created: attrs.account_created && attrs.account_created.value,
+             changesets_count: '0',
+             active_blocks: '0'
+           };
+           var img = obj.getElementsByTagName('img');
 
-               addErrors(selection, errors);
-               selection.okButton();
+           if (img && img[0] && img[0].getAttribute('href')) {
+             user.image_url = img[0].getAttribute('href');
            }
 
+           var changesets = obj.getElementsByTagName('changesets');
 
-           function addErrors(selection, data) {
-               var message = selection
-                   .select('.modal-section.message-text');
-
-               var items = message
-                   .selectAll('.error-container')
-                   .data(data);
+           if (changesets && changesets[0] && changesets[0].getAttribute('count')) {
+             user.changesets_count = changesets[0].getAttribute('count');
+           }
 
-               var enter = items.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'error-container');
-
-               enter
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'error-description')
-                   .attr('href', '#')
-                   .classed('hide-toggle', true)
-                   .text(function(d) { return d.msg || _t('save.unknown_error_details'); })
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-
-                       var error = select(this);
-                       var detail = select(this.nextElementSibling);
-                       var exp = error.classed('expanded');
-
-                       detail.style('display', exp ? 'none' : 'block');
-                       error.classed('expanded', !exp);
-                   });
+           var blocks = obj.getElementsByTagName('blocks');
 
-               var details = enter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'error-detail-container')
-                   .style('display', 'none');
-
-               details
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'error-detail-list')
-                   .selectAll('li')
-                   .data(function(d) { return d.details || []; })
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'error-detail-item')
-                   .text(function(d) { return d; });
+           if (blocks && blocks[0]) {
+             var received = blocks[0].getElementsByTagName('received');
 
-               items.exit()
-                   .remove();
+             if (received && received[0] && received[0].getAttribute('active')) {
+               user.active_blocks = received[0].getAttribute('active');
+             }
            }
 
+           _userCache.user[uid] = user;
+           delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
+           return user;
+         }
+       };
+
+       function parseXML(xml, callback, options) {
+         options = Object.assign({
+           skipSeen: true
+         }, options);
+
+         if (!xml || !xml.childNodes) {
+           return callback({
+             message: 'No XML',
+             status: -1
+           });
+         }
 
-           function showSuccess(changeset) {
-               commit.reset();
+         var root = xml.childNodes[0];
+         var children = root.childNodes;
+         var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
+           _deferred["delete"](handle);
 
-               var ui = _success
-                   .changeset(changeset)
-                   .location(_location)
-                   .on('cancel', function() { context.ui().sidebar.hide(); });
+           var results = [];
+           var result;
 
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context).sidebar(ui));
+           for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
+             result = parseChild(children[i]);
+             if (result) results.push(result);
            }
 
+           callback(null, results);
+         });
+
+         _deferred.add(handle);
 
-           function keybindingOn() {
-               select(document)
-                   .call(keybinding.on('⎋', cancel, true));
-           }
+         function parseChild(child) {
+           var parser = parsers[child.nodeName];
+           if (!parser) return null;
+           var uid;
+
+           if (child.nodeName === 'user') {
+             uid = child.attributes.id.value;
+
+             if (options.skipSeen && _userCache.user[uid]) {
+               delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
+               return null;
+             }
+           } else if (child.nodeName === 'note') {
+             uid = child.getElementsByTagName('id')[0].textContent;
+           } else {
+             uid = osmEntity.id.fromOSM(child.nodeName, child.attributes.id.value);
 
+             if (options.skipSeen) {
+               if (_tileCache.seen[uid]) return null; // avoid reparsing a "seen" entity
 
-           function keybindingOff() {
-               select(document)
-                   .call(keybinding.unbind);
+               _tileCache.seen[uid] = true;
+             }
            }
 
+           return parser(child, uid);
+         }
+       } // replace or remove note from rtree
 
-           // Reverse geocode current map location so we can display a message on
-           // the success screen like "Thank you for editing around place, region."
-           function prepareForSuccess() {
-               _success = uiSuccess(context);
-               _location = null;
-               if (!services.geocoder) return;
 
-               services.geocoder.reverse(context.map().center(), function(err, result) {
-                   if (err || !result || !result.address) return;
+       function updateRtree(item, replace) {
+         _noteCache.rtree.remove(item, function isEql(a, b) {
+           return a.data.id === b.data.id;
+         });
 
-                   var addr = result.address;
-                   var place = (addr && (addr.town || addr.city || addr.county)) || '';
-                   var region = (addr && (addr.state || addr.country)) || '';
-                   var separator = (place && region) ? _t('success.thank_you_where.separator') : '';
+         if (replace) {
+           _noteCache.rtree.insert(item);
+         }
+       }
 
-                   _location = _t('success.thank_you_where.format',
-                       { place: place, separator: separator, region: region }
-                   );
-               });
+       function wrapcb(thisArg, callback, cid) {
+         return function (err, result) {
+           if (err) {
+             // 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden..
+             if (err.status === 400 || err.status === 401 || err.status === 403) {
+               thisArg.logout();
+             }
+
+             return callback.call(thisArg, err);
+           } else if (thisArg.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
+             return callback.call(thisArg, {
+               message: 'Connection Switched',
+               status: -1
+             });
+           } else {
+             return callback.call(thisArg, err, result);
            }
+         };
+       }
 
+       var serviceOsm = {
+         init: function init() {
+           utilRebind(this, dispatch$2, 'on');
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function (handle) {
+             window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
 
-           mode.selectedIDs = function() {
-               return _conflictsUi ? _conflictsUi.shownEntityIds() : [];
+             _deferred["delete"](handle);
+           });
+           _connectionID++;
+           _userChangesets = undefined;
+           _userDetails = undefined;
+           _rateLimitError = undefined;
+           Object.values(_tileCache.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$2);
+           Object.values(_noteCache.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$2);
+           Object.values(_noteCache.inflightPost).forEach(abortRequest$2);
+           if (_changeset.inflight) abortRequest$2(_changeset.inflight);
+           _tileCache = {
+             toLoad: {},
+             loaded: {},
+             inflight: {},
+             seen: {},
+             rtree: new RBush()
            };
+           _noteCache = {
+             toLoad: {},
+             loaded: {},
+             inflight: {},
+             inflightPost: {},
+             note: {},
+             closed: {},
+             rtree: new RBush()
+           };
+           _userCache = {
+             toLoad: {},
+             user: {}
+           };
+           _cachedApiStatus = undefined;
+           _changeset = {};
+           return this;
+         },
+         getConnectionId: function getConnectionId() {
+           return _connectionID;
+         },
+         changesetURL: function changesetURL(changesetID) {
+           return urlroot + '/changeset/' + changesetID;
+         },
+         changesetsURL: function changesetsURL(center, zoom) {
+           var precision = Math.max(0, Math.ceil(Math.log(zoom) / Math.LN2));
+           return urlroot + '/history#map=' + Math.floor(zoom) + '/' + center[1].toFixed(precision) + '/' + center[0].toFixed(precision);
+         },
+         entityURL: function entityURL(entity) {
+           return urlroot + '/' + entity.type + '/' + entity.osmId();
+         },
+         historyURL: function historyURL(entity) {
+           return urlroot + '/' + entity.type + '/' + entity.osmId() + '/history';
+         },
+         userURL: function userURL(username) {
+           return urlroot + '/user/' + encodeURIComponent(username);
+         },
+         noteURL: function noteURL(note) {
+           return urlroot + '/note/' + note.id;
+         },
+         noteReportURL: function noteReportURL(note) {
+           return urlroot + '/reports/new?reportable_type=Note&reportable_id=' + note.id;
+         },
+         // Generic method to load data from the OSM API
+         // Can handle either auth or unauth calls.
+         loadFromAPI: function loadFromAPI(path, callback, options) {
+           options = Object.assign({
+             skipSeen: true
+           }, options);
+           var that = this;
+           var cid = _connectionID;
+
+           function done(err, payload) {
+             if (that.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
+               if (callback) callback({
+                 message: 'Connection Switched',
+                 status: -1
+               });
+               return;
+             }
 
+             var isAuthenticated = that.authenticated(); // 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden
+             // Logout and retry the request..
 
-           mode.enter = function() {
-               // Show sidebar
-               context.ui().sidebar.expand();
-
-               function done() {
-                   context.ui().sidebar.show(commit);
+             if (isAuthenticated && err && err.status && (err.status === 400 || err.status === 401 || err.status === 403)) {
+               that.logout();
+               that.loadFromAPI(path, callback, options); // else, no retry..
+             } else {
+               // 509 Bandwidth Limit Exceeded, 429 Too Many Requests
+               // Set the rateLimitError flag and trigger a warning..
+               if (!isAuthenticated && !_rateLimitError && err && err.status && (err.status === 509 || err.status === 429)) {
+                 _rateLimitError = err;
+                 dispatch$2.call('change');
+                 that.reloadApiStatus();
+               } else if (err && _cachedApiStatus === 'online' || !err && _cachedApiStatus !== 'online') {
+                 // If the response's error state doesn't match the status,
+                 // it's likely we lost or gained the connection so reload the status
+                 that.reloadApiStatus();
+               }
+
+               if (callback) {
+                 if (err) {
+                   return callback(err);
+                 } else {
+                   if (path.indexOf('.json') !== -1) {
+                     return parseJSON(payload, callback, options);
+                   } else {
+                     return parseXML(payload, callback, options);
+                   }
+                 }
                }
+             }
+           }
+
+           if (this.authenticated()) {
+             return oauth.xhr({
+               method: 'GET',
+               path: path
+             }, done);
+           } else {
+             var url = urlroot + path;
+             var controller = new AbortController();
+             var fn;
 
-               keybindingOn();
+             if (path.indexOf('.json') !== -1) {
+               fn = d3_json;
+             } else {
+               fn = d3_xml;
+             }
 
-               context.container().selectAll('.main-content')
-                   .classed('active', false)
-                   .classed('inactive', true);
+             fn(url, {
+               signal: controller.signal
+             }).then(function (data) {
+               done(null, data);
+             })["catch"](function (err) {
+               if (err.name === 'AbortError') return; // d3-fetch includes status in the error message,
+               // but we can't access the response itself
+               // https://github.com/d3/d3-fetch/issues/27
 
-               var osm = context.connection();
-               if (!osm) {
-                   cancel();
-                   return;
-               }
+               var match = err.message.match(/^\d{3}/);
 
-               if (osm.authenticated()) {
-                   done();
+               if (match) {
+                 done({
+                   status: +match[0],
+                   statusText: err.message
+                 });
                } else {
-                   osm.authenticate(function(err) {
-                       if (err) {
-                           cancel();
-                       } else {
-                           done();
-                       }
-                   });
+                 done(err.message);
                }
+             });
+             return controller;
+           }
+         },
+         // Load a single entity by id (ways and relations use the `/full` call to include
+         // nodes and members). Parent relations are not included, see `loadEntityRelations`.
+         // GET /api/0.6/node/#id
+         // GET /api/0.6/[way|relation]/#id/full
+         loadEntity: function loadEntity(id, callback) {
+           var type = osmEntity.id.type(id);
+           var osmID = osmEntity.id.toOSM(id);
+           var options = {
+             skipSeen: false
+           };
+           this.loadFromAPI('/api/0.6/' + type + '/' + osmID + (type !== 'node' ? '/full' : '') + '.json', function (err, entities) {
+             if (callback) callback(err, {
+               data: entities
+             });
+           }, options);
+         },
+         // Load a single entity with a specific version
+         // GET /api/0.6/[node|way|relation]/#id/#version
+         loadEntityVersion: function loadEntityVersion(id, version, callback) {
+           var type = osmEntity.id.type(id);
+           var osmID = osmEntity.id.toOSM(id);
+           var options = {
+             skipSeen: false
+           };
+           this.loadFromAPI('/api/0.6/' + type + '/' + osmID + '/' + version + '.json', function (err, entities) {
+             if (callback) callback(err, {
+               data: entities
+             });
+           }, options);
+         },
+         // Load the relations of a single entity with the given.
+         // GET /api/0.6/[node|way|relation]/#id/relations
+         loadEntityRelations: function loadEntityRelations(id, callback) {
+           var type = osmEntity.id.type(id);
+           var osmID = osmEntity.id.toOSM(id);
+           var options = {
+             skipSeen: false
            };
+           this.loadFromAPI('/api/0.6/' + type + '/' + osmID + '/relations.json', function (err, entities) {
+             if (callback) callback(err, {
+               data: entities
+             });
+           }, options);
+         },
+         // Load multiple entities in chunks
+         // (note: callback may be called multiple times)
+         // Unlike `loadEntity`, child nodes and members are not fetched
+         // GET /api/0.6/[nodes|ways|relations]?#parameters
+         loadMultiple: function loadMultiple(ids, callback) {
+           var that = this;
+           var groups = utilArrayGroupBy(utilArrayUniq(ids), osmEntity.id.type);
+           Object.keys(groups).forEach(function (k) {
+             var type = k + 's'; // nodes, ways, relations
+
+             var osmIDs = groups[k].map(function (id) {
+               return osmEntity.id.toOSM(id);
+             });
+             var options = {
+               skipSeen: false
+             };
+             utilArrayChunk(osmIDs, 150).forEach(function (arr) {
+               that.loadFromAPI('/api/0.6/' + type + '.json?' + type + '=' + arr.join(), function (err, entities) {
+                 if (callback) callback(err, {
+                   data: entities
+                 });
+               }, options);
+             });
+           });
+         },
+         // Create, upload, and close a changeset
+         // PUT /api/0.6/changeset/create
+         // POST /api/0.6/changeset/#id/upload
+         // PUT /api/0.6/changeset/#id/close
+         putChangeset: function putChangeset(changeset, changes, callback) {
+           var cid = _connectionID;
+
+           if (_changeset.inflight) {
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Changeset already inflight',
+               status: -2
+             }, changeset);
+           } else if (_changeset.open) {
+             // reuse existing open changeset..
+             return createdChangeset.call(this, null, _changeset.open);
+           } else {
+             // Open a new changeset..
+             var options = {
+               method: 'PUT',
+               path: '/api/0.6/changeset/create',
+               options: {
+                 header: {
+                   'Content-Type': 'text/xml'
+                 }
+               },
+               content: JXON.stringify(changeset.asJXON())
+             };
+             _changeset.inflight = oauth.xhr(options, wrapcb(this, createdChangeset, cid));
+           }
 
+           function createdChangeset(err, changesetID) {
+             _changeset.inflight = null;
 
-           mode.exit = function() {
+             if (err) {
+               return callback(err, changeset);
+             }
 
-               keybindingOff();
+             _changeset.open = changesetID;
+             changeset = changeset.update({
+               id: changesetID
+             }); // Upload the changeset..
 
-               context.container().selectAll('.main-content')
-                   .classed('active', true)
-                   .classed('inactive', false);
+             var options = {
+               method: 'POST',
+               path: '/api/0.6/changeset/' + changesetID + '/upload',
+               options: {
+                 header: {
+                   'Content-Type': 'text/xml'
+                 }
+               },
+               content: JXON.stringify(changeset.osmChangeJXON(changes))
+             };
+             _changeset.inflight = oauth.xhr(options, wrapcb(this, uploadedChangeset, cid));
+           }
 
-               context.ui().sidebar.hide();
-           };
+           function uploadedChangeset(err) {
+             _changeset.inflight = null;
+             if (err) return callback(err, changeset); // Upload was successful, safe to call the callback.
+             // Add delay to allow for postgres replication #1646 #2678
 
-           return mode;
-       }
+             window.setTimeout(function () {
+               callback(null, changeset);
+             }, 2500);
+             _changeset.open = null; // At this point, we don't really care if the connection was switched..
+             // Only try to close the changeset if we're still talking to the same server.
 
-       function uiToolOldDrawModes(context) {
+             if (this.getConnectionId() === cid) {
+               // Still attempt to close changeset, but ignore response because #2667
+               oauth.xhr({
+                 method: 'PUT',
+                 path: '/api/0.6/changeset/' + changeset.id + '/close',
+                 options: {
+                   header: {
+                     'Content-Type': 'text/xml'
+                   }
+                 }
+               }, function () {
+                 return true;
+               });
+             }
+           }
+         },
+         // Load multiple users in chunks
+         // (note: callback may be called multiple times)
+         // GET /api/0.6/users?users=#id1,#id2,...,#idn
+         loadUsers: function loadUsers(uids, callback) {
+           var toLoad = [];
+           var cached = [];
+           utilArrayUniq(uids).forEach(function (uid) {
+             if (_userCache.user[uid]) {
+               delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
+               cached.push(_userCache.user[uid]);
+             } else {
+               toLoad.push(uid);
+             }
+           });
 
-           var tool = {
-               id: 'old_modes',
-               label: _t('toolbar.add_feature')
-           };
+           if (cached.length || !this.authenticated()) {
+             callback(undefined, cached);
+             if (!this.authenticated()) return; // require auth
+           }
 
-           var modes = [
-               modeAddPoint(context, {
-                   title: _t('modes.add_point.title'),
-                   button: 'point',
-                   description: _t('modes.add_point.description'),
-                   preset: _mainPresetIndex.item('point'),
-                   key: '1'
-               }),
-               modeAddLine(context, {
-                   title: _t('modes.add_line.title'),
-                   button: 'line',
-                   description: _t('modes.add_line.description'),
-                   preset: _mainPresetIndex.item('line'),
-                   key: '2'
-               }),
-               modeAddArea(context, {
-                   title: _t('modes.add_area.title'),
-                   button: 'area',
-                   description: _t('modes.add_area.description'),
-                   preset: _mainPresetIndex.item('area'),
-                   key: '3'
-               })
-           ];
+           utilArrayChunk(toLoad, 150).forEach(function (arr) {
+             oauth.xhr({
+               method: 'GET',
+               path: '/api/0.6/users.json?users=' + arr.join()
+             }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
+           }.bind(this));
+
+           function done(err, payload) {
+             if (err) return callback(err);
+             var options = {
+               skipSeen: true
+             };
+             return parseUserJSON(payload, function (err, results) {
+               if (err) return callback(err);
+               return callback(undefined, results);
+             }, options);
+           }
+         },
+         // Load a given user by id
+         // GET /api/0.6/user/#id
+         loadUser: function loadUser(uid, callback) {
+           if (_userCache.user[uid] || !this.authenticated()) {
+             // require auth
+             delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
+             return callback(undefined, _userCache.user[uid]);
+           }
+
+           oauth.xhr({
+             method: 'GET',
+             path: '/api/0.6/user/' + uid + '.json'
+           }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
+
+           function done(err, payload) {
+             if (err) return callback(err);
+             var options = {
+               skipSeen: true
+             };
+             return parseUserJSON(payload, function (err, results) {
+               if (err) return callback(err);
+               return callback(undefined, results[0]);
+             }, options);
+           }
+         },
+         // Load the details of the logged-in user
+         // GET /api/0.6/user/details
+         userDetails: function userDetails(callback) {
+           if (_userDetails) {
+             // retrieve cached
+             return callback(undefined, _userDetails);
+           }
 
+           oauth.xhr({
+             method: 'GET',
+             path: '/api/0.6/user/details.json'
+           }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
 
-           function enabled() {
-               return osmEditable();
+           function done(err, payload) {
+             if (err) return callback(err);
+             var options = {
+               skipSeen: false
+             };
+             return parseUserJSON(payload, function (err, results) {
+               if (err) return callback(err);
+               _userDetails = results[0];
+               return callback(undefined, _userDetails);
+             }, options);
+           }
+         },
+         // Load previous changesets for the logged in user
+         // GET /api/0.6/changesets?user=#id
+         userChangesets: function userChangesets(callback) {
+           if (_userChangesets) {
+             // retrieve cached
+             return callback(undefined, _userChangesets);
            }
 
-           function osmEditable() {
-               return context.editable();
+           this.userDetails(wrapcb(this, gotDetails, _connectionID));
+
+           function gotDetails(err, user) {
+             if (err) {
+               return callback(err);
+             }
+
+             oauth.xhr({
+               method: 'GET',
+               path: '/api/0.6/changesets?user=' + user.id
+             }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
            }
 
-           modes.forEach(function(mode) {
-               context.keybinding().on(mode.key, function() {
-                   if (!enabled()) return;
+           function done(err, xml) {
+             if (err) {
+               return callback(err);
+             }
 
-                   if (mode.id === context.mode().id) {
-                       context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-                   } else {
-                       context.enter(mode);
-                   }
-               });
+             _userChangesets = Array.prototype.map.call(xml.getElementsByTagName('changeset'), function (changeset) {
+               return {
+                 tags: getTags(changeset)
+               };
+             }).filter(function (changeset) {
+               var comment = changeset.tags.comment;
+               return comment && comment !== '';
+             });
+             return callback(undefined, _userChangesets);
+           }
+         },
+         // Fetch the status of the OSM API
+         // GET /api/capabilities
+         status: function status(callback) {
+           var url = urlroot + '/api/capabilities';
+           var errback = wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID);
+           d3_xml(url).then(function (data) {
+             errback(null, data);
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             errback(err.message);
            });
 
-           tool.render = function(selection) {
+           function done(err, xml) {
+             if (err) {
+               // the status is null if no response could be retrieved
+               return callback(err, null);
+             } // update blocklists
 
-               var wrap = selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'joined')
-                   .style('display', 'flex');
 
-               var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, { leading: true, trailing: true });
+             var elements = xml.getElementsByTagName('blacklist');
+             var regexes = [];
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('move.modes', debouncedUpdate)
-                   .on('drawn.modes', debouncedUpdate);
+             for (var i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+               var regexString = elements[i].getAttribute('regex'); // needs unencode?
 
-               context
-                   .on('enter.modes', update);
+               if (regexString) {
+                 try {
+                   var regex = new RegExp(regexString);
+                   regexes.push(regex);
+                 } catch (e) {
+                   /* noop */
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-               update();
+             if (regexes.length) {
+               _imageryBlocklists = regexes;
+             }
 
+             if (_rateLimitError) {
+               return callback(_rateLimitError, 'rateLimited');
+             } else {
+               var waynodes = xml.getElementsByTagName('waynodes');
+               var maxWayNodes = waynodes.length && parseInt(waynodes[0].getAttribute('maximum'), 10);
+               if (maxWayNodes && isFinite(maxWayNodes)) _maxWayNodes = maxWayNodes;
+               var apiStatus = xml.getElementsByTagName('status');
+               var val = apiStatus[0].getAttribute('api');
+               return callback(undefined, val);
+             }
+           }
+         },
+         // Calls `status` and dispatches an `apiStatusChange` event if the returned
+         // status differs from the cached status.
+         reloadApiStatus: function reloadApiStatus() {
+           // throttle to avoid unnecessary API calls
+           if (!this.throttledReloadApiStatus) {
+             var that = this;
+             this.throttledReloadApiStatus = throttle(function () {
+               that.status(function (err, status) {
+                 if (status !== _cachedApiStatus) {
+                   _cachedApiStatus = status;
+                   dispatch$2.call('apiStatusChange', that, err, status);
+                 }
+               });
+             }, 500);
+           }
 
-               function update() {
+           this.throttledReloadApiStatus();
+         },
+         // Returns the maximum number of nodes a single way can have
+         maxWayNodes: function maxWayNodes() {
+           return _maxWayNodes;
+         },
+         // Load data (entities) from the API in tiles
+         // GET /api/0.6/map?bbox=
+         loadTiles: function loadTiles(projection, callback) {
+           if (_off) return; // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
 
-                   var buttons = wrap.selectAll('button.add-button')
-                       .data(modes, function(d) { return d.id; });
+           var tiles = tiler$2.zoomExtent([_tileZoom, _tileZoom]).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
 
-                   // exit
-                   buttons.exit()
-                       .remove();
+           var hadRequests = hasInflightRequests(_tileCache);
+           abortUnwantedRequests(_tileCache, tiles);
 
-                   // enter
-                   var buttonsEnter = buttons.enter()
-                       .append('button')
-                       .attr('class', function(d) { return d.id + ' add-button bar-button'; })
-                       .on('click.mode-buttons', function(d) {
-                           if (!enabled()) return;
+           if (hadRequests && !hasInflightRequests(_tileCache)) {
+             dispatch$2.call('loaded'); // stop the spinner
+           } // issue new requests..
 
-                           // When drawing, ignore accidental clicks on mode buttons - #4042
-                           var currMode = context.mode().id;
-                           if (/^draw/.test(currMode)) return;
 
-                           if (d.id === currMode) {
-                               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-                           } else {
-                               context.enter(d);
-                           }
-                       })
-                       .call(uiTooltip()
-                           .placement('bottom')
-                           .title(function(d) { return d.description; })
-                           .keys(function(d) { return [d.key]; })
-                           .scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'))
-                       );
+           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+             this.loadTile(tile, callback);
+           }, this);
+         },
+         // Load a single data tile
+         // GET /api/0.6/map?bbox=
+         loadTile: function loadTile(tile, callback) {
+           if (_off) return;
+           if (_tileCache.loaded[tile.id] || _tileCache.inflight[tile.id]) return;
 
-                   buttonsEnter
-                       .each(function(d) {
-                           select(this)
-                               .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + d.button));
-                       });
+           if (!hasInflightRequests(_tileCache)) {
+             dispatch$2.call('loading'); // start the spinner
+           }
 
-                   buttonsEnter
-                       .append('span')
-                       .attr('class', 'label')
-                       .text(function(mode) { return mode.title; });
+           var path = '/api/0.6/map.json?bbox=';
+           var options = {
+             skipSeen: true
+           };
+           _tileCache.inflight[tile.id] = this.loadFromAPI(path + tile.extent.toParam(), tileCallback, options);
 
-                   // if we are adding/removing the buttons, check if toolbar has overflowed
-                   if (buttons.enter().size() || buttons.exit().size()) {
-                       context.ui().checkOverflow('.top-toolbar', true);
-                   }
+           function tileCallback(err, parsed) {
+             delete _tileCache.inflight[tile.id];
 
-                   // update
-                   buttons = buttons
-                       .merge(buttonsEnter)
-                       .classed('disabled', function(d) { return !enabled(); })
-                       .classed('active', function(d) { return context.mode() && context.mode().button === d.button; });
-               }
-           };
+             if (!err) {
+               delete _tileCache.toLoad[tile.id];
+               _tileCache.loaded[tile.id] = true;
+               var bbox = tile.extent.bbox();
+               bbox.id = tile.id;
 
-           return tool;
-       }
+               _tileCache.rtree.insert(bbox);
+             }
 
-       function uiToolNotes(context) {
+             if (callback) {
+               callback(err, Object.assign({
+                 data: parsed
+               }, tile));
+             }
 
-           var tool = {
-               id: 'notes',
-               label: _t('modes.add_note.label')
-           };
+             if (!hasInflightRequests(_tileCache)) {
+               dispatch$2.call('loaded'); // stop the spinner
+             }
+           }
+         },
+         isDataLoaded: function isDataLoaded(loc) {
+           var bbox = {
+             minX: loc[0],
+             minY: loc[1],
+             maxX: loc[0],
+             maxY: loc[1]
+           };
+           return _tileCache.rtree.collides(bbox);
+         },
+         // load the tile that covers the given `loc`
+         loadTileAtLoc: function loadTileAtLoc(loc, callback) {
+           // Back off if the toLoad queue is filling up.. re #6417
+           // (Currently `loadTileAtLoc` requests are considered low priority - used by operations to
+           // let users safely edit geometries which extend to unloaded tiles.  We can drop some.)
+           if (Object.keys(_tileCache.toLoad).length > 50) return;
+           var k = geoZoomToScale(_tileZoom + 1);
+           var offset = geoRawMercator().scale(k)(loc);
+           var projection = geoRawMercator().transform({
+             k: k,
+             x: -offset[0],
+             y: -offset[1]
+           });
+           var tiles = tiler$2.zoomExtent([_tileZoom, _tileZoom]).getTiles(projection);
+           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+             if (_tileCache.toLoad[tile.id] || _tileCache.loaded[tile.id] || _tileCache.inflight[tile.id]) return;
+             _tileCache.toLoad[tile.id] = true;
+             this.loadTile(tile, callback);
+           }, this);
+         },
+         // Load notes from the API in tiles
+         // GET /api/0.6/notes?bbox=
+         loadNotes: function loadNotes(projection, noteOptions) {
+           noteOptions = Object.assign({
+             limit: 10000,
+             closed: 7
+           }, noteOptions);
+           if (_off) return;
+           var that = this;
+           var path = '/api/0.6/notes?limit=' + noteOptions.limit + '&closed=' + noteOptions.closed + '&bbox=';
+
+           var throttleLoadUsers = throttle(function () {
+             var uids = Object.keys(_userCache.toLoad);
+             if (!uids.length) return;
+             that.loadUsers(uids, function () {}); // eagerly load user details
+           }, 750); // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
+
+
+           var tiles = tiler$2.zoomExtent([_noteZoom, _noteZoom]).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
+
+           abortUnwantedRequests(_noteCache, tiles); // issue new requests..
+
+           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+             if (_noteCache.loaded[tile.id] || _noteCache.inflight[tile.id]) return;
+             var options = {
+               skipSeen: false
+             };
+             _noteCache.inflight[tile.id] = that.loadFromAPI(path + tile.extent.toParam(), function (err) {
+               delete _noteCache.inflight[tile.id];
 
-           var mode = modeAddNote(context);
+               if (!err) {
+                 _noteCache.loaded[tile.id] = true;
+               }
 
-           function enabled() {
-               return notesEnabled() && notesEditable();
+               throttleLoadUsers();
+               dispatch$2.call('loadedNotes');
+             }, options);
+           });
+         },
+         // Create a note
+         // POST /api/0.6/notes?params
+         postNoteCreate: function postNoteCreate(note, callback) {
+           if (!this.authenticated()) {
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Not Authenticated',
+               status: -3
+             }, note);
            }
 
-           function notesEnabled() {
-               var noteLayer = context.layers().layer('notes');
-               return noteLayer && noteLayer.enabled();
+           if (_noteCache.inflightPost[note.id]) {
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Note update already inflight',
+               status: -2
+             }, note);
            }
 
-           function notesEditable() {
-               var mode = context.mode();
-               return context.map().notesEditable() && mode && mode.id !== 'save';
+           if (!note.loc[0] || !note.loc[1] || !note.newComment) return; // location & description required
+
+           var comment = note.newComment;
+
+           if (note.newCategory && note.newCategory !== 'None') {
+             comment += ' #' + note.newCategory;
            }
 
-           context.keybinding().on(mode.key, function() {
-               if (!enabled()) return;
+           var path = '/api/0.6/notes?' + utilQsString({
+             lon: note.loc[0],
+             lat: note.loc[1],
+             text: comment
+           });
+           _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id] = oauth.xhr({
+             method: 'POST',
+             path: path
+           }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
+
+           function done(err, xml) {
+             delete _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id];
 
-               if (mode.id === context.mode().id) {
-                   context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             if (err) {
+               return callback(err);
+             } // we get the updated note back, remove from caches and reparse..
+
+
+             this.removeNote(note);
+             var options = {
+               skipSeen: false
+             };
+             return parseXML(xml, function (err, results) {
+               if (err) {
+                 return callback(err);
                } else {
-                   context.enter(mode);
+                 return callback(undefined, results[0]);
                }
-           });
+             }, options);
+           }
+         },
+         // Update a note
+         // POST /api/0.6/notes/#id/comment?text=comment
+         // POST /api/0.6/notes/#id/close?text=comment
+         // POST /api/0.6/notes/#id/reopen?text=comment
+         postNoteUpdate: function postNoteUpdate(note, newStatus, callback) {
+           if (!this.authenticated()) {
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Not Authenticated',
+               status: -3
+             }, note);
+           }
+
+           if (_noteCache.inflightPost[note.id]) {
+             return callback({
+               message: 'Note update already inflight',
+               status: -2
+             }, note);
+           }
+
+           var action;
+
+           if (note.status !== 'closed' && newStatus === 'closed') {
+             action = 'close';
+           } else if (note.status !== 'open' && newStatus === 'open') {
+             action = 'reopen';
+           } else {
+             action = 'comment';
+             if (!note.newComment) return; // when commenting, comment required
+           }
 
-           tool.render = function(selection) {
+           var path = '/api/0.6/notes/' + note.id + '/' + action;
 
+           if (note.newComment) {
+             path += '?' + utilQsString({
+               text: note.newComment
+             });
+           }
 
-               var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, { leading: true, trailing: true });
+           _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id] = oauth.xhr({
+             method: 'POST',
+             path: path
+           }, wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID));
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('move.notes', debouncedUpdate)
-                   .on('drawn.notes', debouncedUpdate);
+           function done(err, xml) {
+             delete _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id];
 
-               context
-                   .on('enter.notes', update);
+             if (err) {
+               return callback(err);
+             } // we get the updated note back, remove from caches and reparse..
 
-               update();
 
+             this.removeNote(note); // update closed note cache - used to populate `closed:note` changeset tag
 
-               function update() {
-                   var showNotes = notesEnabled();
-                   var data = showNotes ? [mode] : [];
+             if (action === 'close') {
+               _noteCache.closed[note.id] = true;
+             } else if (action === 'reopen') {
+               delete _noteCache.closed[note.id];
+             }
 
-                   var buttons = selection.selectAll('button.add-button')
-                       .data(data, function(d) { return d.id; });
+             var options = {
+               skipSeen: false
+             };
+             return parseXML(xml, function (err, results) {
+               if (err) {
+                 return callback(err);
+               } else {
+                 return callback(undefined, results[0]);
+               }
+             }, options);
+           }
+         },
+         "switch": function _switch(options) {
+           urlroot = options.urlroot;
+           oauth.options(Object.assign({
+             url: urlroot,
+             loading: authLoading,
+             done: authDone
+           }, options));
+           this.reset();
+           this.userChangesets(function () {}); // eagerly load user details/changesets
+
+           dispatch$2.call('change');
+           return this;
+         },
+         toggle: function toggle(val) {
+           _off = !val;
+           return this;
+         },
+         isChangesetInflight: function isChangesetInflight() {
+           return !!_changeset.inflight;
+         },
+         // get/set cached data
+         // This is used to save/restore the state when entering/exiting the walkthrough
+         // Also used for testing purposes.
+         caches: function caches(obj) {
+           function cloneCache(source) {
+             var target = {};
+             Object.keys(source).forEach(function (k) {
+               if (k === 'rtree') {
+                 target.rtree = new RBush().fromJSON(source.rtree.toJSON()); // clone rbush
+               } else if (k === 'note') {
+                 target.note = {};
+                 Object.keys(source.note).forEach(function (id) {
+                   target.note[id] = osmNote(source.note[id]); // copy notes
+                 });
+               } else {
+                 target[k] = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(source[k])); // clone deep
+               }
+             });
+             return target;
+           }
 
-                   // exit
-                   buttons.exit()
-                       .remove();
+           if (!arguments.length) {
+             return {
+               tile: cloneCache(_tileCache),
+               note: cloneCache(_noteCache),
+               user: cloneCache(_userCache)
+             };
+           } // access caches directly for testing (e.g., loading notes rtree)
 
-                   // enter
-                   var buttonsEnter = buttons.enter()
-                       .append('button')
-                       .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                       .attr('class', function(d) { return d.id + ' add-button bar-button'; })
-                       .on('click.notes', function(d) {
-                           if (!enabled()) return;
 
-                           // When drawing, ignore accidental clicks on mode buttons - #4042
-                           var currMode = context.mode().id;
-                           if (/^draw/.test(currMode)) return;
+           if (obj === 'get') {
+             return {
+               tile: _tileCache,
+               note: _noteCache,
+               user: _userCache
+             };
+           }
 
-                           if (d.id === currMode) {
-                               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-                           } else {
-                               context.enter(d);
-                           }
-                       })
-                       .call(uiTooltip()
-                           .placement('bottom')
-                           .title(function(d) { return d.description; })
-                           .keys(function(d) { return [d.key]; })
-                           .scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'))
-                       );
+           if (obj.tile) {
+             _tileCache = obj.tile;
+             _tileCache.inflight = {};
+           }
 
-                   buttonsEnter
-                       .each(function(d) {
-                           select(this)
-                               .call(svgIcon(d.icon || '#iD-icon-' + d.button));
-                       });
+           if (obj.note) {
+             _noteCache = obj.note;
+             _noteCache.inflight = {};
+             _noteCache.inflightPost = {};
+           }
 
-                   // if we are adding/removing the buttons, check if toolbar has overflowed
-                   if (buttons.enter().size() || buttons.exit().size()) {
-                       context.ui().checkOverflow('.top-toolbar', true);
-                   }
+           if (obj.user) {
+             _userCache = obj.user;
+           }
 
-                   // update
-                   buttons = buttons
-                       .merge(buttonsEnter)
-                       .classed('disabled', function(d) { return !enabled(); })
-                       .classed('active', function(d) { return context.mode() && context.mode().button === d.button; });
-               }
-           };
+           return this;
+         },
+         logout: function logout() {
+           _userChangesets = undefined;
+           _userDetails = undefined;
+           oauth.logout();
+           dispatch$2.call('change');
+           return this;
+         },
+         authenticated: function authenticated() {
+           return oauth.authenticated();
+         },
+         authenticate: function authenticate(callback) {
+           var that = this;
+           var cid = _connectionID;
+           _userChangesets = undefined;
+           _userDetails = undefined;
 
-           tool.uninstall = function() {
-               context
-                   .on('enter.editor.notes', null)
-                   .on('exit.editor.notes', null)
-                   .on('enter.notes', null);
+           function done(err, res) {
+             if (err) {
+               if (callback) callback(err);
+               return;
+             }
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('move.notes', null)
-                   .on('drawn.notes', null);
-           };
+             if (that.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
+               if (callback) callback({
+                 message: 'Connection Switched',
+                 status: -1
+               });
+               return;
+             }
 
-           return tool;
-       }
+             _rateLimitError = undefined;
+             dispatch$2.call('change');
+             if (callback) callback(err, res);
+             that.userChangesets(function () {}); // eagerly load user details/changesets
+           }
 
-       function uiToolSave(context) {
+           return oauth.authenticate(done);
+         },
+         imageryBlocklists: function imageryBlocklists() {
+           return _imageryBlocklists;
+         },
+         tileZoom: function tileZoom(val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _tileZoom;
+           _tileZoom = val;
+           return this;
+         },
+         // get all cached notes covering the viewport
+         notes: function notes(projection) {
+           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
+           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
+           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
+           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+           return _noteCache.rtree.search(bbox).map(function (d) {
+             return d.data;
+           });
+         },
+         // get a single note from the cache
+         getNote: function getNote(id) {
+           return _noteCache.note[id];
+         },
+         // remove a single note from the cache
+         removeNote: function removeNote(note) {
+           if (!(note instanceof osmNote) || !note.id) return;
+           delete _noteCache.note[note.id];
+           updateRtree(encodeNoteRtree(note), false); // false = remove
+         },
+         // replace a single note in the cache
+         replaceNote: function replaceNote(note) {
+           if (!(note instanceof osmNote) || !note.id) return;
+           _noteCache.note[note.id] = note;
+           updateRtree(encodeNoteRtree(note), true); // true = replace
 
-           var tool = {
-               id: 'save',
-               label: _t('save.title')
-           };
+           return note;
+         },
+         // Get an array of note IDs closed during this session.
+         // Used to populate `closed:note` changeset tag
+         getClosedIDs: function getClosedIDs() {
+           return Object.keys(_noteCache.closed).sort();
+         }
+       };
 
-           var button = null;
-           var tooltipBehavior = null;
-           var history = context.history();
-           var key = uiCmd('⌘S');
-           var _numChanges = 0;
+       var _apibase$1 = 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/api.php';
+       var _inflight$1 = {};
+       var _wikibaseCache = {};
+       var _localeIDs = {
+         en: false
+       };
 
-           function isSaving() {
-               var mode = context.mode();
-               return mode && mode.id === 'save';
-           }
+       var debouncedRequest$1 = debounce(request$1, 500, {
+         leading: false
+       });
 
-           function isDisabled() {
-               return _numChanges === 0 || isSaving();
-           }
+       function request$1(url, callback) {
+         if (_inflight$1[url]) return;
+         var controller = new AbortController();
+         _inflight$1[url] = controller;
+         d3_json(url, {
+           signal: controller.signal
+         }).then(function (result) {
+           delete _inflight$1[url];
+           if (callback) callback(null, result);
+         })["catch"](function (err) {
+           delete _inflight$1[url];
+           if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
+           if (callback) callback(err.message);
+         });
+       }
 
-           function save() {
-               event.preventDefault();
-               if (!context.inIntro() && !isSaving() && history.hasChanges()) {
-                   context.enter(modeSave(context));
-               }
+       var serviceOsmWikibase = {
+         init: function init() {
+           _inflight$1 = {};
+           _wikibaseCache = {};
+           _localeIDs = {};
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           Object.values(_inflight$1).forEach(function (controller) {
+             controller.abort();
+           });
+           _inflight$1 = {};
+         },
+
+         /**
+          * Get the best value for the property, or undefined if not found
+          * @param entity object from wikibase
+          * @param property string e.g. 'P4' for image
+          * @param langCode string e.g. 'fr' for French
+          */
+         claimToValue: function claimToValue(entity, property, langCode) {
+           if (!entity.claims[property]) return undefined;
+           var locale = _localeIDs[langCode];
+           var preferredPick, localePick;
+           entity.claims[property].forEach(function (stmt) {
+             // If exists, use value limited to the needed language (has a qualifier P26 = locale)
+             // Or if not found, use the first value with the "preferred" rank
+             if (!preferredPick && stmt.rank === 'preferred') {
+               preferredPick = stmt;
+             }
+
+             if (locale && stmt.qualifiers && stmt.qualifiers.P26 && stmt.qualifiers.P26[0].datavalue.value.id === locale) {
+               localePick = stmt;
+             }
+           });
+           var result = localePick || preferredPick;
+
+           if (result) {
+             var datavalue = result.mainsnak.datavalue;
+             return datavalue.type === 'wikibase-entityid' ? datavalue.value.id : datavalue.value;
+           } else {
+             return undefined;
            }
+         },
 
-           function bgColor() {
-               var step;
-               if (_numChanges === 0) {
-                   return null;
-               } else if (_numChanges <= 50) {
-                   step = _numChanges / 50;
-                   return d3_interpolateRgb('#fff', '#ff8')(step);  // white -> yellow
-               } else {
-                   step = Math.min((_numChanges - 50) / 50, 1.0);
-                   return d3_interpolateRgb('#ff8', '#f88')(step);  // yellow -> red
+         /**
+          * Convert monolingual property into a key-value object (language -> value)
+          * @param entity object from wikibase
+          * @param property string e.g. 'P31' for monolingual wiki page title
+          */
+         monolingualClaimToValueObj: function monolingualClaimToValueObj(entity, property) {
+           if (!entity || !entity.claims[property]) return undefined;
+           return entity.claims[property].reduce(function (acc, obj) {
+             var value = obj.mainsnak.datavalue.value;
+             acc[value.language] = value.text;
+             return acc;
+           }, {});
+         },
+         toSitelink: function toSitelink(key, value) {
+           var result = value ? 'Tag:' + key + '=' + value : 'Key:' + key;
+           return result.replace(/_/g, ' ').trim();
+         },
+         //
+         // Pass params object of the form:
+         // {
+         //   key: 'string',
+         //   value: 'string',
+         //   langCode: 'string'
+         // }
+         //
+         getEntity: function getEntity(params, callback) {
+           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
+           var that = this;
+           var titles = [];
+           var result = {};
+           var rtypeSitelink = params.key === 'type' && params.value ? ('Relation:' + params.value).replace(/_/g, ' ').trim() : false;
+           var keySitelink = params.key ? this.toSitelink(params.key) : false;
+           var tagSitelink = params.key && params.value ? this.toSitelink(params.key, params.value) : false;
+           var localeSitelink;
+
+           if (params.langCodes) {
+             params.langCodes.forEach(function (langCode) {
+               if (_localeIDs[langCode] === undefined) {
+                 // If this is the first time we are asking about this locale,
+                 // fetch corresponding entity (if it exists), and cache it.
+                 // If there is no such entry, cache `false` value to avoid re-requesting it.
+                 localeSitelink = ('Locale:' + langCode).replace(/_/g, ' ').trim();
+                 titles.push(localeSitelink);
                }
+             });
            }
 
-           function updateCount() {
-               var val = history.difference().summary().length;
-               if (val === _numChanges) return;
-
-               _numChanges = val;
-
-               if (tooltipBehavior) {
-                   tooltipBehavior
-                       .title(_t(_numChanges > 0 ? 'save.help' : 'save.no_changes'))
-                       .keys([key]);
-               }
+           if (rtypeSitelink) {
+             if (_wikibaseCache[rtypeSitelink]) {
+               result.rtype = _wikibaseCache[rtypeSitelink];
+             } else {
+               titles.push(rtypeSitelink);
+             }
+           }
 
-               if (button) {
-                   button
-                       .classed('disabled', isDisabled())
-                       .style('background', bgColor());
+           if (keySitelink) {
+             if (_wikibaseCache[keySitelink]) {
+               result.key = _wikibaseCache[keySitelink];
+             } else {
+               titles.push(keySitelink);
+             }
+           }
 
-                   button.select('span.count')
-                       .text(_numChanges);
-               }
+           if (tagSitelink) {
+             if (_wikibaseCache[tagSitelink]) {
+               result.tag = _wikibaseCache[tagSitelink];
+             } else {
+               titles.push(tagSitelink);
+             }
            }
 
+           if (!titles.length) {
+             // Nothing to do, we already had everything in the cache
+             return callback(null, result);
+           } // Requesting just the user language code
+           // If backend recognizes the code, it will perform proper fallbacks,
+           // and the result will contain the requested code. If not, all values are returned:
+           // {"zh-tw":{"value":"...","language":"zh-tw","source-language":"zh-hant"}
+           // {"pt-br":{"value":"...","language":"pt","for-language":"pt-br"}}
 
-           tool.render = function(selection) {
-               tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip()
-                   .placement('bottom')
-                   .title(_t('save.no_changes'))
-                   .keys([key])
-                   .scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'));
 
-               var lastPointerUpType;
+           var obj = {
+             action: 'wbgetentities',
+             sites: 'wiki',
+             titles: titles.join('|'),
+             languages: params.langCodes.join('|'),
+             languagefallback: 1,
+             origin: '*',
+             format: 'json' // There is an MW Wikibase API bug https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T212069
+             // We shouldn't use v1 until it gets fixed, but should switch to it afterwards
+             // formatversion: 2,
+
+           };
+           var url = _apibase$1 + '?' + utilQsString(obj);
+           doRequest(url, function (err, d) {
+             if (err) {
+               callback(err);
+             } else if (!d.success || d.error) {
+               callback(d.error.messages.map(function (v) {
+                 return v.html['*'];
+               }).join('<br>'));
+             } else {
+               var localeID = false;
+               Object.values(d.entities).forEach(function (res) {
+                 if (res.missing !== '') {
+                   var title = res.sitelinks.wiki.title;
+
+                   if (title === rtypeSitelink) {
+                     _wikibaseCache[rtypeSitelink] = res;
+                     result.rtype = res;
+                   } else if (title === keySitelink) {
+                     _wikibaseCache[keySitelink] = res;
+                     result.key = res;
+                   } else if (title === tagSitelink) {
+                     _wikibaseCache[tagSitelink] = res;
+                     result.tag = res;
+                   } else if (title === localeSitelink) {
+                     localeID = res.id;
+                   } else {
+                     console.log('Unexpected title ' + title); // eslint-disable-line no-console
+                   }
+                 }
+               });
 
-               button = selection
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'save disabled bar-button')
-                   .on('pointerup', function() {
-                       lastPointerUpType = event.pointerType;
-                   })
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
+               if (localeSitelink) {
+                 // If locale ID is not found, store false to prevent repeated queries
+                 that.addLocale(params.langCodes[0], localeID);
+               }
 
-                       save();
+               callback(null, result);
+             }
+           });
+         },
+         //
+         // Pass params object of the form:
+         // {
+         //   key: 'string',     // required
+         //   value: 'string'    // optional
+         // }
+         //
+         // Get an result object used to display tag documentation
+         // {
+         //   title:        'string',
+         //   description:  'string',
+         //   editURL:      'string',
+         //   imageURL:     'string',
+         //   wiki:         { title: 'string', text: 'string', url: 'string' }
+         // }
+         //
+         getDocs: function getDocs(params, callback) {
+           var that = this;
+           var langCodes = _mainLocalizer.localeCodes().map(function (code) {
+             return code.toLowerCase();
+           });
+           params.langCodes = langCodes;
+           this.getEntity(params, function (err, data) {
+             if (err) {
+               callback(err);
+               return;
+             }
 
-                       if (_numChanges === 0 && (
-                           lastPointerUpType === 'touch' ||
-                           lastPointerUpType === 'pen')
-                       ) {
-                           // there are no tooltips for touch interactions so flash feedback instead
-                           context.ui().flash
-                               .duration(2000)
-                               .iconName('#iD-icon-save')
-                               .iconClass('disabled')
-                               .text(_t('save.no_changes'))();
-                       }
-                       lastPointerUpType = null;
-                   })
-                   .call(tooltipBehavior);
+             var entity = data.rtype || data.tag || data.key;
 
-               button
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-save'));
+             if (!entity) {
+               callback('No entity');
+               return;
+             }
 
-               button
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'count')
-                   .attr('aria-hidden', 'true')
-                   .text('0');
+             var i;
+             var description;
 
-               updateCount();
+             for (i in langCodes) {
+               var _code = langCodes[i];
 
+               if (entity.descriptions[_code] && entity.descriptions[_code].language === _code) {
+                 description = entity.descriptions[_code];
+                 break;
+               }
+             }
 
-               context.keybinding()
-                   .on(key, save, true);
+             if (!description && Object.values(entity.descriptions).length) description = Object.values(entity.descriptions)[0]; // prepare result
 
+             var result = {
+               title: entity.title,
+               description: description ? description.value : '',
+               descriptionLocaleCode: description ? description.language : '',
+               editURL: 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/' + entity.title
+             }; // add image
 
-               context.history()
-                   .on('change.save', updateCount);
+             if (entity.claims) {
+               var imageroot;
+               var image = that.claimToValue(entity, 'P4', langCodes[0]);
 
-               context
-                   .on('enter.save', function() {
-                       if (button) {
-                           button
-                               .classed('disabled', isDisabled());
+               if (image) {
+                 imageroot = 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php';
+               } else {
+                 image = that.claimToValue(entity, 'P28', langCodes[0]);
 
-                           if (isSaving()) {
-                               button.call(tooltipBehavior.hide);
-                           }
-                       }
-                   });
-           };
+                 if (image) {
+                   imageroot = 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/index.php';
+                 }
+               }
 
+               if (imageroot && image) {
+                 result.imageURL = imageroot + '?' + utilQsString({
+                   title: 'Special:Redirect/file/' + image,
+                   width: 400
+                 });
+               }
+             } // Try to get a wiki page from tag data item first, followed by the corresponding key data item.
+             // If neither tag nor key data item contain a wiki page in the needed language nor English,
+             // get the first found wiki page from either the tag or the key item.
 
-           tool.uninstall = function() {
-               context.keybinding()
-                   .off(key, true);
 
-               context.history()
-                   .on('change.save', null);
+             var rtypeWiki = that.monolingualClaimToValueObj(data.rtype, 'P31');
+             var tagWiki = that.monolingualClaimToValueObj(data.tag, 'P31');
+             var keyWiki = that.monolingualClaimToValueObj(data.key, 'P31');
+             var wikis = [rtypeWiki, tagWiki, keyWiki];
 
-               context
-                   .on('enter.save', null);
+             for (i in wikis) {
+               var wiki = wikis[i];
 
-               button = null;
-               tooltipBehavior = null;
-           };
+               for (var j in langCodes) {
+                 var code = langCodes[j];
+                 var referenceId = langCodes[0].split('-')[0] !== 'en' && code.split('-')[0] === 'en' ? 'inspector.wiki_en_reference' : 'inspector.wiki_reference';
+                 var info = getWikiInfo(wiki, code, referenceId);
 
-           return tool;
-       }
+                 if (info) {
+                   result.wiki = info;
+                   break;
+                 }
+               }
 
-       function uiToolSidebarToggle(context) {
+               if (result.wiki) break;
+             }
 
-           var tool = {
-               id: 'sidebar_toggle',
-               label: _t('toolbar.inspect')
-           };
+             callback(null, result); // Helper method to get wiki info if a given language exists
 
-           tool.render = function(selection) {
-               selection
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'bar-button')
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       context.ui().sidebar.toggle();
-                   })
-                   .call(uiTooltip()
-                       .placement('bottom')
-                       .title(_t('sidebar.tooltip'))
-                       .keys([_t('sidebar.key')])
-                       .scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'))
-                   )
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-sidebar-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')));
-           };
+             function getWikiInfo(wiki, langCode, tKey) {
+               if (wiki && wiki[langCode]) {
+                 return {
+                   title: wiki[langCode],
+                   text: tKey,
+                   url: 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/' + wiki[langCode]
+                 };
+               }
+             }
+           });
+         },
+         addLocale: function addLocale(langCode, qid) {
+           // Makes it easier to unit test
+           _localeIDs[langCode] = qid;
+         },
+         apibase: function apibase(val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _apibase$1;
+           _apibase$1 = val;
+           return this;
+         }
+       };
 
-           return tool;
-       }
+       var jsonpCache = {};
+       window.jsonpCache = jsonpCache;
+       function jsonpRequest(url, callback) {
+         var request = {
+           abort: function abort() {}
+         };
 
-       function uiToolUndoRedo(context) {
+         if (window.JSONP_FIX) {
+           if (window.JSONP_DELAY === 0) {
+             callback(window.JSONP_FIX);
+           } else {
+             var t = window.setTimeout(function () {
+               callback(window.JSONP_FIX);
+             }, window.JSONP_DELAY || 0);
 
-           var tool = {
-               id: 'undo_redo',
-               label: _t('toolbar.undo_redo')
-           };
+             request.abort = function () {
+               window.clearTimeout(t);
+             };
+           }
 
-           var commands = [{
-               id: 'undo',
-               cmd: uiCmd('⌘Z'),
-               action: function() {
-                   context.undo();
-               },
-               annotation: function() {
-                   return context.history().undoAnnotation();
-               },
-               icon: 'iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'redo' : 'undo')
-           }, {
-               id: 'redo',
-               cmd: uiCmd('⌘⇧Z'),
-               action: function() {
-                   context.redo();
-               },
-               annotation: function() {
-                   return context.history().redoAnnotation();
-               },
-               icon: 'iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'undo' : 'redo')
-           }];
+           return request;
+         }
 
+         function rand() {
+           var chars = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
+           var c = '';
+           var i = -1;
 
-           function editable() {
-               return context.mode() && context.mode().id !== 'save' && context.map().editableDataEnabled(true /* ignore min zoom */);
+           while (++i < 15) {
+             c += chars.charAt(Math.floor(Math.random() * 52));
            }
 
+           return c;
+         }
 
-           tool.render = function(selection) {
-               var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip()
-                   .placement('bottom')
-                   .title(function (d) {
-                       return d.annotation() ?
-                           _t(d.id + '.tooltip', { action: d.annotation() }) :
-                           _t(d.id + '.nothing');
-                   })
-                   .keys(function(d) {
-                       return [d.cmd];
-                   })
-                   .scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'));
+         function create(url) {
+           var e = url.match(/callback=(\w+)/);
+           var c = e ? e[1] : rand();
 
-               var lastPointerUpType;
+           jsonpCache[c] = function (data) {
+             if (jsonpCache[c]) {
+               callback(data);
+             }
 
-               var buttons = selection.selectAll('button')
-                   .data(commands)
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'disabled ' + d.id + '-button bar-button'; })
-                   .on('pointerup', function() {
-                       // `pointerup` is always called before `click`
-                       lastPointerUpType = event.pointerType;
-                   })
-                   .on('click', function(d) {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-
-                       var annotation = d.annotation();
-
-                       if (editable() && annotation) {
-                           d.action();
-                       }
+             finalize();
+           };
 
-                       if (editable() && (
-                           lastPointerUpType === 'touch' ||
-                           lastPointerUpType === 'pen')
-                       ) {
-                           // there are no tooltips for touch interactions so flash feedback instead
-
-                           var text = annotation ?
-                               _t(d.id + '.tooltip', { action: annotation }) :
-                               _t(d.id + '.nothing');
-                           context.ui().flash
-                               .duration(2000)
-                               .iconName('#' + d.icon)
-                               .iconClass(annotation ? '' : 'disabled')
-                               .text(text)();
-                       }
-                       lastPointerUpType = null;
-                   })
-                   .call(tooltipBehavior);
+           function finalize() {
+             delete jsonpCache[c];
+             script.remove();
+           }
 
-               buttons.each(function(d) {
-                   select(this)
-                       .call(svgIcon('#' + d.icon));
-               });
+           request.abort = finalize;
+           return 'jsonpCache.' + c;
+         }
 
-               context.keybinding()
-                   .on(commands[0].cmd, function() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       if (editable()) commands[0].action();
-                   })
-                   .on(commands[1].cmd, function() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       if (editable()) commands[1].action();
-                   });
+         var cb = create(url);
+         var script = select('head').append('script').attr('type', 'text/javascript').attr('src', url.replace(/(\{|%7B)callback(\}|%7D)/, cb));
+         return request;
+       }
 
+       var bubbleApi = 'https://dev.virtualearth.net/mapcontrol/HumanScaleServices/GetBubbles.ashx?';
+       var streetsideImagesApi = 'https://t.ssl.ak.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/';
+       var bubbleAppKey = 'AuftgJsO0Xs8Ts4M1xZUQJQXJNsvmh3IV8DkNieCiy3tCwCUMq76-WpkrBtNAuEm';
+       var pannellumViewerCSS = 'pannellum-streetside/pannellum.css';
+       var pannellumViewerJS = 'pannellum-streetside/pannellum.js';
+       var maxResults = 2000;
+       var tileZoom = 16.5;
+       var tiler$1 = utilTiler().zoomExtent([tileZoom, tileZoom]).skipNullIsland(true);
+       var dispatch$1 = dispatch$8('loadedImages', 'viewerChanged');
+       var minHfov = 10; // zoom in degrees:  20, 10, 5
 
-               var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, { leading: true, trailing: true });
+       var maxHfov = 90; // zoom out degrees
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('move.undo_redo', debouncedUpdate)
-                   .on('drawn.undo_redo', debouncedUpdate);
+       var defaultHfov = 45;
+       var _hires = false;
+       var _resolution = 512; // higher numbers are slower - 512, 1024, 2048, 4096
 
-               context.history()
-                   .on('change.undo_redo', function(difference) {
-                       if (difference) update();
-                   });
+       var _currScene = 0;
 
-               context
-                   .on('enter.undo_redo', update);
+       var _ssCache;
 
+       var _pannellumViewer;
 
-               function update() {
-                   buttons
-                       .classed('disabled', function(d) {
-                           return !editable() || !d.annotation();
-                       })
-                       .each(function() {
-                           var selection = select(this);
-                           if (!selection.select('.tooltip.in').empty()) {
-                               selection.call(tooltipBehavior.updateContent);
-                           }
-                       });
-               }
-           };
+       var _sceneOptions = {
+         showFullscreenCtrl: false,
+         autoLoad: true,
+         compass: true,
+         yaw: 0,
+         minHfov: minHfov,
+         maxHfov: maxHfov,
+         hfov: defaultHfov,
+         type: 'cubemap',
+         cubeMap: []
+       };
 
-           tool.uninstall = function() {
-               context.keybinding()
-                   .off(commands[0].cmd)
-                   .off(commands[1].cmd);
+       var _loadViewerPromise;
+       /**
+        * abortRequest().
+        */
 
-               context.map()
-                   .on('move.undo_redo', null)
-                   .on('drawn.undo_redo', null);
 
-               context.history()
-                   .on('change.undo_redo', null);
+       function abortRequest$1(i) {
+         i.abort();
+       }
+       /**
+        * localeTimeStamp().
+        */
 
-               context
-                   .on('enter.undo_redo', null);
-           };
 
-           return tool;
+       function localeTimestamp(s) {
+         if (!s) return null;
+         var options = {
+           day: 'numeric',
+           month: 'short',
+           year: 'numeric'
+         };
+         var d = new Date(s);
+         if (isNaN(d.getTime())) return null;
+         return d.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
        }
+       /**
+        * loadTiles() wraps the process of generating tiles and then fetching image points for each tile.
+        */
 
-       function uiTopToolbar(context) {
-
-           var sidebarToggle = uiToolSidebarToggle(context),
-               modes = uiToolOldDrawModes(context),
-               notes = uiToolNotes(context),
-               undoRedo = uiToolUndoRedo(context),
-               save = uiToolSave(context);
 
-           function notesEnabled() {
-               var noteLayer = context.layers().layer('notes');
-               return noteLayer && noteLayer.enabled();
-           }
+       function loadTiles(which, url, projection, margin) {
+         var tiles = tiler$1.margin(margin).getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
 
-           function topToolbar(bar) {
+         var cache = _ssCache[which];
+         Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function (k) {
+           var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
+             return k.indexOf(tile.id + ',') === 0;
+           });
 
-               bar.on('wheel.topToolbar', function() {
-                   if (!event.deltaX) {
-                       // translate vertical scrolling into horizontal scrolling in case
-                       // the user doesn't have an input device that can scroll horizontally
-                       bar.node().scrollLeft += event.deltaY;
-                   }
-               });
+           if (!wanted) {
+             abortRequest$1(cache.inflight[k]);
+             delete cache.inflight[k];
+           }
+         });
+         tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+           return loadNextTilePage(which, url, tile);
+         });
+       }
+       /**
+        * loadNextTilePage() load data for the next tile page in line.
+        */
 
-               var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, { leading: true, trailing: true });
-               context.layers()
-                   .on('change.topToolbar', debouncedUpdate);
 
-               update();
+       function loadNextTilePage(which, url, tile) {
+         var cache = _ssCache[which];
+         var nextPage = cache.nextPage[tile.id] || 0;
+         var id = tile.id + ',' + String(nextPage);
+         if (cache.loaded[id] || cache.inflight[id]) return;
+         cache.inflight[id] = getBubbles(url, tile, function (bubbles) {
+           cache.loaded[id] = true;
+           delete cache.inflight[id];
+           if (!bubbles) return; // [].shift() removes the first element, some statistics info, not a bubble point
 
-               function update() {
+           bubbles.shift();
+           var features = bubbles.map(function (bubble) {
+             if (cache.points[bubble.id]) return null; // skip duplicates
 
-                   var tools = [
-                       sidebarToggle,
-                       'spacer',
-                       modes
-                   ];
+             var loc = [bubble.lo, bubble.la];
+             var d = {
+               loc: loc,
+               key: bubble.id,
+               ca: bubble.he,
+               captured_at: bubble.cd,
+               captured_by: 'microsoft',
+               // nbn: bubble.nbn,
+               // pbn: bubble.pbn,
+               // ad: bubble.ad,
+               // rn: bubble.rn,
+               pr: bubble.pr,
+               // previous
+               ne: bubble.ne,
+               // next
+               pano: true,
+               sequenceKey: null
+             };
+             cache.points[bubble.id] = d; // a sequence starts here
 
-                   tools.push('spacer');
+             if (bubble.pr === undefined) {
+               cache.leaders.push(bubble.id);
+             }
 
-                   if (notesEnabled()) {
-                       tools = tools.concat([notes, 'spacer']);
-                   }
+             return {
+               minX: loc[0],
+               minY: loc[1],
+               maxX: loc[0],
+               maxY: loc[1],
+               data: d
+             };
+           }).filter(Boolean);
+           cache.rtree.load(features);
+           connectSequences();
 
-                   tools = tools.concat([undoRedo, save]);
+           if (which === 'bubbles') {
+             dispatch$1.call('loadedImages');
+           }
+         });
+       } // call this sometimes to connect the bubbles into sequences
 
-                   var toolbarItems = bar.selectAll('.toolbar-item')
-                       .data(tools, function(d) {
-                           return d.id || d;
-                       });
 
-                   toolbarItems.exit()
-                       .each(function(d) {
-                           if (d.uninstall) {
-                               d.uninstall();
-                           }
-                       })
-                       .remove();
-
-                   var itemsEnter = toolbarItems
-                       .enter()
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', function(d) {
-                           var classes = 'toolbar-item ' + (d.id || d).replace('_', '-');
-                           if (d.klass) classes += ' ' + d.klass;
-                           return classes;
-                       });
+       function connectSequences() {
+         var cache = _ssCache.bubbles;
+         var keepLeaders = [];
 
-                   var actionableItems = itemsEnter.filter(function(d) { return d !== 'spacer'; });
+         for (var i = 0; i < cache.leaders.length; i++) {
+           var bubble = cache.points[cache.leaders[i]];
+           var seen = {}; // try to make a sequence.. use the key of the leader bubble.
 
-                   actionableItems
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'item-content')
-                       .each(function(d) {
-                           select(this).call(d.render, bar);
-                       });
+           var sequence = {
+             key: bubble.key,
+             bubbles: []
+           };
+           var complete = false;
 
-                   actionableItems
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'item-label')
-                       .text(function(d) {
-                           return d.label;
-                       });
-               }
+           do {
+             sequence.bubbles.push(bubble);
+             seen[bubble.key] = true;
 
-           }
+             if (bubble.ne === undefined) {
+               complete = true;
+             } else {
+               bubble = cache.points[bubble.ne]; // advance to next
+             }
+           } while (bubble && !seen[bubble.key] && !complete);
 
-           return topToolbar;
-       }
+           if (complete) {
+             _ssCache.sequences[sequence.key] = sequence; // assign bubbles to the sequence
 
-       // these are module variables so they are preserved through a ui.restart()
-       var sawVersion = null;
-       var isNewVersion = false;
-       var isNewUser = false;
+             for (var j = 0; j < sequence.bubbles.length; j++) {
+               sequence.bubbles[j].sequenceKey = sequence.key;
+             } // create a GeoJSON LineString
 
 
-       function uiVersion(context) {
+             sequence.geojson = {
+               type: 'LineString',
+               properties: {
+                 captured_at: sequence.bubbles[0] ? sequence.bubbles[0].captured_at : null,
+                 captured_by: sequence.bubbles[0] ? sequence.bubbles[0].captured_by : null,
+                 key: sequence.key
+               },
+               coordinates: sequence.bubbles.map(function (d) {
+                 return d.loc;
+               })
+             };
+           } else {
+             keepLeaders.push(cache.leaders[i]);
+           }
+         } // couldn't complete these, save for later
 
-           var currVersion = context.version;
-           var matchedVersion = currVersion.match(/\d+\.\d+\.\d+.*/);
 
-           if (sawVersion === null && matchedVersion !== null) {
-               if (corePreferences('sawVersion')) {
-                   isNewUser = false;
-                   isNewVersion = corePreferences('sawVersion') !== currVersion;
-               } else {
-                   isNewUser = true;
-                   isNewVersion = true;
-               }
-               corePreferences('sawVersion', currVersion);
-               sawVersion = currVersion;
-           }
-
-           return function(selection) {
-               selection
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('target', '_blank')
-                   .attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD')
-                   .text(currVersion);
-
-               // only show new version indicator to users that have used iD before
-               if (isNewVersion && !isNewUser) {
-                   selection
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'badge')
-                       .append('a')
-                       .attr('target', '_blank')
-                       .attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/release/CHANGELOG.md#whats-new')
-                       .call(svgIcon('#maki-gift-11'))
-                       .call(uiTooltip()
-                           .title(_t('version.whats_new', { version: currVersion }))
-                           .placement('top')
-                       );
-               }
-           };
+         cache.leaders = keepLeaders;
        }
+       /**
+        * getBubbles() handles the request to the server for a tile extent of 'bubbles' (streetside image locations).
+        */
 
-       function uiZoom(context) {
-
-           var zooms = [{
-               id: 'zoom-in',
-               icon: 'iD-icon-plus',
-               title: _t('zoom.in'),
-               action: zoomIn,
-               disabled: function() {
-                   return !context.map().canZoomIn();
-               },
-               disabledTitle: _t('zoom.disabled.in'),
-               key: '+'
-           }, {
-               id: 'zoom-out',
-               icon: 'iD-icon-minus',
-               title: _t('zoom.out'),
-               action: zoomOut,
-               disabled: function() {
-                   return !context.map().canZoomOut();
-               },
-               disabledTitle: _t('zoom.disabled.out'),
-               key: '-'
-           }];
 
-           function zoomIn() {
-               event.preventDefault();
-               context.map().zoomIn();
+       function getBubbles(url, tile, callback) {
+         var rect = tile.extent.rectangle();
+         var urlForRequest = url + utilQsString({
+           n: rect[3],
+           s: rect[1],
+           e: rect[2],
+           w: rect[0],
+           c: maxResults,
+           appkey: bubbleAppKey,
+           jsCallback: '{callback}'
+         });
+         return jsonpRequest(urlForRequest, function (data) {
+           if (!data || data.error) {
+             callback(null);
+           } else {
+             callback(data);
            }
+         });
+       } // partition viewport into higher zoom tiles
 
-           function zoomOut() {
-               event.preventDefault();
-               context.map().zoomOut();
-           }
 
-           function zoomInFurther() {
-               event.preventDefault();
-               context.map().zoomInFurther();
-           }
+       function partitionViewport(projection) {
+         var z = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
+         var z2 = Math.ceil(z * 2) / 2 + 2.5; // round to next 0.5 and add 2.5
 
-           function zoomOutFurther() {
-               event.preventDefault();
-               context.map().zoomOutFurther();
-           }
+         var tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([z2, z2]);
+         return tiler.getTiles(projection).map(function (tile) {
+           return tile.extent;
+         });
+       } // no more than `limit` results per partition.
 
-           return function(selection) {
-               var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip()
-                   .placement((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'right' : 'left')
-                   .title(function(d) {
-                       if (d.disabled()) {
-                           return d.disabledTitle;
-                       }
-                       return d.title;
-                   })
-                   .keys(function(d) {
-                       return [d.key];
-                   });
 
-               var lastPointerUpType;
+       function searchLimited(limit, projection, rtree) {
+         limit = limit || 5;
+         return partitionViewport(projection).reduce(function (result, extent) {
+           var found = rtree.search(extent.bbox()).slice(0, limit).map(function (d) {
+             return d.data;
+           });
+           return found.length ? result.concat(found) : result;
+         }, []);
+       }
+       /**
+        * loadImage()
+        */
 
-               var buttons = selection.selectAll('button')
-                   .data(zooms)
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return d.id; })
-                   .on('pointerup.editor', function() {
-                       lastPointerUpType = event.pointerType;
-                   })
-                   .on('click.editor', function(d) {
-                       if (!d.disabled()) {
-                           d.action();
-                       } else if (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
-                           context.ui().flash
-                               .duration(2000)
-                               .iconName('#' + d.icon)
-                               .iconClass('disabled')
-                               .text(d.disabledTitle)();
-                       }
-                       lastPointerUpType = null;
-                   })
-                   .call(tooltipBehavior);
 
-               buttons.each(function(d) {
-                   select(this)
-                       .call(svgIcon('#' + d.icon, 'light'));
-               });
+       function loadImage(imgInfo) {
+         return new Promise(function (resolve) {
+           var img = new Image();
 
-               ['plus', 'ffplus', '=', 'ffequals'].forEach(function(key) {
-                   context.keybinding().on([key], zoomIn);
-                   context.keybinding().on([uiCmd('⌘' + key)], zoomInFurther);
-               });
+           img.onload = function () {
+             var canvas = document.getElementById('ideditor-canvas' + imgInfo.face);
+             var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
+             ctx.drawImage(img, imgInfo.x, imgInfo.y);
+             resolve({
+               imgInfo: imgInfo,
+               status: 'ok'
+             });
+           };
 
-               ['_', '-', 'ffminus', 'dash'].forEach(function(key) {
-                   context.keybinding().on([key], zoomOut);
-                   context.keybinding().on([uiCmd('⌘' + key)], zoomOutFurther);
-               });
+           img.onerror = function () {
+             resolve({
+               data: imgInfo,
+               status: 'error'
+             });
+           };
 
-               function updateButtonStates() {
-                   buttons
-                       .classed('disabled', function(d) {
-                           return d.disabled();
-                       })
-                       .each(function() {
-                           var selection = select(this);
-                           if (!selection.select('.tooltip.in').empty()) {
-                               selection.call(tooltipBehavior.updateContent);
-                           }
-                       });
-               }
+           img.setAttribute('crossorigin', '');
+           img.src = imgInfo.url;
+         });
+       }
+       /**
+        * loadCanvas()
+        */
 
-               updateButtonStates();
 
-               context.map().on('move.uiZoom', updateButtonStates);
+       function loadCanvas(imageGroup) {
+         return Promise.all(imageGroup.map(loadImage)).then(function (data) {
+           var canvas = document.getElementById('ideditor-canvas' + data[0].imgInfo.face);
+           var which = {
+             '01': 0,
+             '02': 1,
+             '03': 2,
+             '10': 3,
+             '11': 4,
+             '12': 5
+           };
+           var face = data[0].imgInfo.face;
+           _sceneOptions.cubeMap[which[face]] = canvas.toDataURL('image/jpeg', 1.0);
+           return {
+             status: 'loadCanvas for face ' + data[0].imgInfo.face + 'ok'
            };
+         });
        }
+       /**
+        * loadFaces()
+        */
 
-       function uiZoomToSelection(context) {
-
-           function isDisabled() {
-               var mode = context.mode();
-               return !mode || !mode.zoomToSelected;
-           }
 
-           var _lastPointerUpType;
+       function loadFaces(faceGroup) {
+         return Promise.all(faceGroup.map(loadCanvas)).then(function () {
+           return {
+             status: 'loadFaces done'
+           };
+         });
+       }
 
-           function pointerup() {
-               _lastPointerUpType = event.pointerType;
-           }
+       function setupCanvas(selection, reset) {
+         if (reset) {
+           selection.selectAll('#ideditor-stitcher-canvases').remove();
+         } // Add the Streetside working canvases. These are used for 'stitching', or combining,
+         // multiple images for each of the six faces, before passing to the Pannellum control as DataUrls
 
-           function click() {
-               event.preventDefault();
 
-               if (isDisabled()) {
-                   if (_lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || _lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
-                       context.ui().flash
-                           .duration(2000)
-                           .iconName('#iD-icon-framed-dot')
-                           .iconClass('disabled')
-                           .text(_t('inspector.zoom_to.no_selection'))();
-                   }
-               } else {
-                   var mode = context.mode();
-                   if (mode && mode.zoomToSelected) {
-                       mode.zoomToSelected();
-                   }
-               }
+         selection.selectAll('#ideditor-stitcher-canvases').data([0]).enter().append('div').attr('id', 'ideditor-stitcher-canvases').attr('display', 'none').selectAll('canvas').data(['canvas01', 'canvas02', 'canvas03', 'canvas10', 'canvas11', 'canvas12']).enter().append('canvas').attr('id', function (d) {
+           return 'ideditor-' + d;
+         }).attr('width', _resolution).attr('height', _resolution);
+       }
 
-               _lastPointerUpType = null;
-           }
+       function qkToXY(qk) {
+         var x = 0;
+         var y = 0;
+         var scale = 256;
+
+         for (var i = qk.length; i > 0; i--) {
+           var key = qk[i - 1];
+           x += +(key === '1' || key === '3') * scale;
+           y += +(key === '2' || key === '3') * scale;
+           scale *= 2;
+         }
 
-           return function(selection) {
+         return [x, y];
+       }
 
-               var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip()
-                   .placement((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'right' : 'left')
-                   .title(function() {
-                       if (isDisabled()) {
-                           return _t('inspector.zoom_to.no_selection');
-                       }
-                       return _t('inspector.zoom_to.title');
-                   })
-                   .keys([_t('inspector.zoom_to.key')]);
-
-               var button = selection
-                   .append('button')
-                   .on('pointerup', pointerup)
-                   .on('click', click)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'light'))
-                   .call(tooltipBehavior);
-
-               function setEnabledState() {
-                   button.classed('disabled', isDisabled());
-                   if (!button.select('.tooltip.in').empty()) {
-                       button.call(tooltipBehavior.updateContent);
-                   }
-               }
+       function getQuadKeys() {
+         var dim = _resolution / 256;
+         var quadKeys;
 
-               context.on('enter.uiZoomToSelection', setEnabledState);
+         if (dim === 16) {
+           quadKeys = ['0000', '0001', '0010', '0011', '0100', '0101', '0110', '0111', '1000', '1001', '1010', '1011', '1100', '1101', '1110', '1111', '0002', '0003', '0012', '0013', '0102', '0103', '0112', '0113', '1002', '1003', '1012', '1013', '1102', '1103', '1112', '1113', '0020', '0021', '0030', '0031', '0120', '0121', '0130', '0131', '1020', '1021', '1030', '1031', '1120', '1121', '1130', '1131', '0022', '0023', '0032', '0033', '0122', '0123', '0132', '0133', '1022', '1023', '1032', '1033', '1122', '1123', '1132', '1133', '0200', '0201', '0210', '0211', '0300', '0301', '0310', '0311', '1200', '1201', '1210', '1211', '1300', '1301', '1310', '1311', '0202', '0203', '0212', '0213', '0302', '0303', '0312', '0313', '1202', '1203', '1212', '1213', '1302', '1303', '1312', '1313', '0220', '0221', '0230', '0231', '0320', '0321', '0330', '0331', '1220', '1221', '1230', '1231', '1320', '1321', '1330', '1331', '0222', '0223', '0232', '0233', '0322', '0323', '0332', '0333', '1222', '1223', '1232', '1233', '1322', '1323', '1332', '1333', '2000', '2001', '2010', '2011', '2100', '2101', '2110', '2111', '3000', '3001', '3010', '3011', '3100', '3101', '3110', '3111', '2002', '2003', '2012', '2013', '2102', '2103', '2112', '2113', '3002', '3003', '3012', '3013', '3102', '3103', '3112', '3113', '2020', '2021', '2030', '2031', '2120', '2121', '2130', '2131', '3020', '3021', '3030', '3031', '3120', '3121', '3130', '3131', '2022', '2023', '2032', '2033', '2122', '2123', '2132', '2133', '3022', '3023', '3032', '3033', '3122', '3123', '3132', '3133', '2200', '2201', '2210', '2211', '2300', '2301', '2310', '2311', '3200', '3201', '3210', '3211', '3300', '3301', '3310', '3311', '2202', '2203', '2212', '2213', '2302', '2303', '2312', '2313', '3202', '3203', '3212', '3213', '3302', '3303', '3312', '3313', '2220', '2221', '2230', '2231', '2320', '2321', '2330', '2331', '3220', '3221', '3230', '3231', '3320', '3321', '3330', '3331', '2222', '2223', '2232', '2233', '2322', '2323', '2332', '2333', '3222', '3223', '3232', '3233', '3322', '3323', '3332', '3333'];
+         } else if (dim === 8) {
+           quadKeys = ['000', '001', '010', '011', '100', '101', '110', '111', '002', '003', '012', '013', '102', '103', '112', '113', '020', '021', '030', '031', '120', '121', '130', '131', '022', '023', '032', '033', '122', '123', '132', '133', '200', '201', '210', '211', '300', '301', '310', '311', '202', '203', '212', '213', '302', '303', '312', '313', '220', '221', '230', '231', '320', '321', '330', '331', '222', '223', '232', '233', '322', '323', '332', '333'];
+         } else if (dim === 4) {
+           quadKeys = ['00', '01', '10', '11', '02', '03', '12', '13', '20', '21', '30', '31', '22', '23', '32', '33'];
+         } else {
+           // dim === 2
+           quadKeys = ['0', '1', '2', '3'];
+         }
 
-               setEnabledState();
-           };
+         return quadKeys;
        }
 
-       function uiPane(id, context) {
-
-           var _key;
-           var _title = '';
-           var _description = '';
-           var _iconName = '';
-           var _sections; // array of uiSection objects
-
-           var _paneSelection = select(null);
+       var serviceStreetside = {
+         /**
+          * init() initialize streetside.
+          */
+         init: function init() {
+           if (!_ssCache) {
+             this.reset();
+           }
 
-           var _paneTooltip;
+           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$1, 'on');
+         },
 
-           var pane = {
-               id: id
-           };
+         /**
+          * reset() reset the cache.
+          */
+         reset: function reset() {
+           if (_ssCache) {
+             Object.values(_ssCache.bubbles.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$1);
+           }
 
-           pane.title = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _title;
-               _title = val;
-               return pane;
+           _ssCache = {
+             bubbles: {
+               inflight: {},
+               loaded: {},
+               nextPage: {},
+               rtree: new RBush(),
+               points: {},
+               leaders: []
+             },
+             sequences: {}
            };
+         },
 
-           pane.key = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _key;
-               _key = val;
-               return pane;
-           };
+         /**
+          * bubbles()
+          */
+         bubbles: function bubbles(projection) {
+           var limit = 5;
+           return searchLimited(limit, projection, _ssCache.bubbles.rtree);
+         },
+         cachedImage: function cachedImage(imageKey) {
+           return _ssCache.bubbles.points[imageKey];
+         },
+         sequences: function sequences(projection) {
+           var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
+           var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
+           var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
+           var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
+           var seen = {};
+           var results = []; // all sequences for bubbles in viewport
 
-           pane.description = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _description;
-               _description = val;
-               return pane;
-           };
+           _ssCache.bubbles.rtree.search(bbox).forEach(function (d) {
+             var key = d.data.sequenceKey;
 
-           pane.iconName = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _iconName;
-               _iconName = val;
-               return pane;
-           };
+             if (key && !seen[key]) {
+               seen[key] = true;
+               results.push(_ssCache.sequences[key].geojson);
+             }
+           });
 
-           pane.sections = function(val) {
-               if (!arguments.length) return _sections;
-               _sections = val;
-               return pane;
-           };
+           return results;
+         },
 
-           pane.selection = function() {
-               return _paneSelection;
-           };
+         /**
+          * loadBubbles()
+          */
+         loadBubbles: function loadBubbles(projection, margin) {
+           // by default: request 2 nearby tiles so we can connect sequences.
+           if (margin === undefined) margin = 2;
+           loadTiles('bubbles', bubbleApi, projection, margin);
+         },
+         viewer: function viewer() {
+           return _pannellumViewer;
+         },
+         initViewer: function initViewer() {
+           if (!window.pannellum) return;
+           if (_pannellumViewer) return;
+           _currScene += 1;
 
-           function hidePane() {
-               context.ui().togglePanes();
-           }
+           var sceneID = _currScene.toString();
 
-           pane.togglePane = function() {
-               if (event) event.preventDefault();
-               _paneTooltip.hide();
-               context.ui().togglePanes(!_paneSelection.classed('shown') ? _paneSelection : undefined);
+           var options = {
+             'default': {
+               firstScene: sceneID
+             },
+             scenes: {}
            };
+           options.scenes[sceneID] = _sceneOptions;
+           _pannellumViewer = window.pannellum.viewer('ideditor-viewer-streetside', options);
+         },
+         ensureViewerLoaded: function ensureViewerLoaded(context) {
+           if (_loadViewerPromise) return _loadViewerPromise; // create ms-wrapper, a photo wrapper class
 
-           pane.renderToggleButton = function(selection) {
+           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').selectAll('.ms-wrapper').data([0]); // inject ms-wrapper into the photoviewer div
+           // (used by all to house each custom photo viewer)
 
-               if (!_paneTooltip) {
-                   _paneTooltip = uiTooltip()
-                       .placement((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'right' : 'left')
-                       .title(_description)
-                       .keys([_key]);
-               }
+           var wrapEnter = wrap.enter().append('div').attr('class', 'photo-wrapper ms-wrapper').classed('hide', true);
+           var that = this;
+           var pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse'; // inject div to support streetside viewer (pannellum) and attribution line
 
-               selection
-                   .append('button')
-                   .on('click', pane.togglePane)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#' + _iconName, 'light'))
-                   .call(_paneTooltip);
-           };
+           wrapEnter.append('div').attr('id', 'ideditor-viewer-streetside').on(pointerPrefix + 'down.streetside', function () {
+             select(window).on(pointerPrefix + 'move.streetside', function () {
+               dispatch$1.call('viewerChanged');
+             }, true);
+           }).on(pointerPrefix + 'up.streetside pointercancel.streetside', function () {
+             select(window).on(pointerPrefix + 'move.streetside', null); // continue dispatching events for a few seconds, in case viewer has inertia.
 
-           pane.renderContent = function(selection) {
-               // override to fully customize content
+             var t = timer(function (elapsed) {
+               dispatch$1.call('viewerChanged');
 
-               if (_sections) {
-                   _sections.forEach(function(section) {
-                       selection.call(section.render);
-                   });
+               if (elapsed > 2000) {
+                 t.stop();
                }
-           };
+             });
+           }).append('div').attr('class', 'photo-attribution fillD');
+           var controlsEnter = wrapEnter.append('div').attr('class', 'photo-controls-wrap').append('div').attr('class', 'photo-controls');
+           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.back', step(-1)).text('◄');
+           controlsEnter.append('button').on('click.forward', step(1)).text('►'); // create working canvas for stitching together images
 
-           pane.renderPane = function(selection) {
+           wrap = wrap.merge(wrapEnter).call(setupCanvas, true); // Register viewer resize handler
 
-               _paneSelection = selection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'fillL map-pane hide ' + id + '-pane')
-                   .attr('pane', id);
+           context.ui().photoviewer.on('resize.streetside', function () {
+             if (_pannellumViewer) {
+               _pannellumViewer.resize();
+             }
+           });
+           _loadViewerPromise = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
+             var loadedCount = 0;
 
-               var heading = _paneSelection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'pane-heading');
+             function loaded() {
+               loadedCount += 1; // wait until both files are loaded
 
-               heading
-                   .append('h2')
-                   .text(_title);
+               if (loadedCount === 2) resolve();
+             }
 
-               heading
-                   .append('button')
-                   .on('click', hidePane)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));
+             var head = select('head'); // load streetside pannellum viewer css
 
+             head.selectAll('#ideditor-streetside-viewercss').data([0]).enter().append('link').attr('id', 'ideditor-streetside-viewercss').attr('rel', 'stylesheet').attr('crossorigin', 'anonymous').attr('href', context.asset(pannellumViewerCSS)).on('load.serviceStreetside', loaded).on('error.serviceStreetside', function () {
+               reject();
+             }); // load streetside pannellum viewer js
 
-               _paneSelection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'pane-content')
-                   .call(pane.renderContent);
+             head.selectAll('#ideditor-streetside-viewerjs').data([0]).enter().append('script').attr('id', 'ideditor-streetside-viewerjs').attr('crossorigin', 'anonymous').attr('src', context.asset(pannellumViewerJS)).on('load.serviceStreetside', loaded).on('error.serviceStreetside', function () {
+               reject();
+             });
+           })["catch"](function () {
+             _loadViewerPromise = null;
+           });
+           return _loadViewerPromise;
 
-               if (_key) {
-                   context.keybinding()
-                       .on(_key, pane.togglePane);
-               }
-           };
+           function step(stepBy) {
+             return function () {
+               var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+               var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
+               if (!selected) return;
+               var nextID = stepBy === 1 ? selected.ne : selected.pr;
 
-           return pane;
-       }
+               var yaw = _pannellumViewer.getYaw();
 
-       function uiSectionBackgroundDisplayOptions(context) {
+               var ca = selected.ca + yaw;
+               var origin = selected.loc; // construct a search trapezoid pointing out from current bubble
 
-           var section = uiSection('background-display-options', context)
-               .title(_t('background.display_options'))
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+               var meters = 35;
+               var p1 = [origin[0] + geoMetersToLon(meters / 5, origin[1]), origin[1]];
+               var p2 = [origin[0] + geoMetersToLon(meters / 2, origin[1]), origin[1] + geoMetersToLat(meters)];
+               var p3 = [origin[0] - geoMetersToLon(meters / 2, origin[1]), origin[1] + geoMetersToLat(meters)];
+               var p4 = [origin[0] - geoMetersToLon(meters / 5, origin[1]), origin[1]];
+               var poly = [p1, p2, p3, p4, p1]; // rotate it to face forward/backward
 
-           var _detected = utilDetect();
-           var _storedOpacity = corePreferences('background-opacity');
-           var _minVal = 0.25;
-           var _maxVal = _detected.cssfilters ? 2 : 1;
+               var angle = (stepBy === 1 ? ca : ca + 180) * (Math.PI / 180);
+               poly = geoRotate(poly, -angle, origin);
+               var extent = poly.reduce(function (extent, point) {
+                 return extent.extend(geoExtent(point));
+               }, geoExtent()); // find nearest other bubble in the search polygon
 
-           var _sliders = _detected.cssfilters
-               ? ['brightness', 'contrast', 'saturation', 'sharpness']
-               : ['brightness'];
+               var minDist = Infinity;
 
-           var _options = {
-               brightness: (_storedOpacity !== null ? (+_storedOpacity) : 1),
-               contrast: 1,
-               saturation: 1,
-               sharpness: 1
-           };
+               _ssCache.bubbles.rtree.search(extent.bbox()).forEach(function (d) {
+                 if (d.data.key === selected.key) return;
+                 if (!geoPointInPolygon(d.data.loc, poly)) return;
+                 var dist = geoVecLength(d.data.loc, selected.loc);
+                 var theta = selected.ca - d.data.ca;
+                 var minTheta = Math.min(Math.abs(theta), 360 - Math.abs(theta));
+
+                 if (minTheta > 20) {
+                   dist += 5; // penalize distance if camera angles don't match
+                 }
+
+                 if (dist < minDist) {
+                   nextID = d.data.key;
+                   minDist = dist;
+                 }
+               });
 
-           function clamp(x, min, max) {
-               return Math.max(min, Math.min(x, max));
+               var nextBubble = nextID && that.cachedImage(nextID);
+               if (!nextBubble) return;
+               context.map().centerEase(nextBubble.loc);
+               that.selectImage(context, nextBubble.key).yaw(yaw).showViewer(context);
+             };
            }
+         },
+         yaw: function yaw(_yaw) {
+           if (typeof _yaw !== 'number') return _yaw;
+           _sceneOptions.yaw = _yaw;
+           return this;
+         },
 
-           function updateValue(d, val) {
-               if (!val && event && event.target) {
-                   val = event.target.value;
-               }
+         /**
+          * showViewer()
+          */
+         showViewer: function showViewer(context) {
+           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').classed('hide', false);
+           var isHidden = wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.ms-wrapper.hide').size();
 
-               val = clamp(val, _minVal, _maxVal);
+           if (isHidden) {
+             wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper:not(.ms-wrapper)').classed('hide', true);
+             wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.ms-wrapper').classed('hide', false);
+           }
 
-               _options[d] = val;
-               context.background()[d](val);
+           return this;
+         },
 
-               if (d === 'brightness') {
-                   corePreferences('background-opacity', val);
-               }
+         /**
+          * hideViewer()
+          */
+         hideViewer: function hideViewer(context) {
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(null);
+           viewer.classed('hide', true).selectAll('.photo-wrapper').classed('hide', true);
+           context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group, .sequence, .icon-sign').classed('currentView', false);
+           this.updateUrlImage(null);
+           return this.setStyles(context, null, true);
+         },
+
+         /**
+          * selectImage().
+          */
+         selectImage: function selectImage(context, key) {
+           var that = this;
+           var d = this.cachedImage(key);
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           if (!viewer.empty()) viewer.datum(d);
+           this.setStyles(context, null, true);
+           var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer .ms-wrapper');
+           var attribution = wrap.selectAll('.photo-attribution').html('');
+           wrap.selectAll('.pnlm-load-box') // display "loading.."
+           .style('display', 'block');
+           if (!d) return this;
+           this.updateUrlImage(key);
+           _sceneOptions.northOffset = d.ca;
+           var line1 = attribution.append('div').attr('class', 'attribution-row');
+           var hiresDomId = utilUniqueDomId('streetside-hires'); // Add hires checkbox
+
+           var label = line1.append('label').attr('for', hiresDomId).attr('class', 'streetside-hires');
+           label.append('input').attr('type', 'checkbox').attr('id', hiresDomId).property('checked', _hires).on('click', function (d3_event) {
+             d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             _hires = !_hires;
+             _resolution = _hires ? 1024 : 512;
+             wrap.call(setupCanvas, true);
+             var viewstate = {
+               yaw: _pannellumViewer.getYaw(),
+               pitch: _pannellumViewer.getPitch(),
+               hfov: _pannellumViewer.getHfov()
+             };
+             _sceneOptions = Object.assign(_sceneOptions, viewstate);
+             that.selectImage(context, d.key).showViewer(context);
+           });
+           label.append('span').call(_t.append('streetside.hires'));
+           var captureInfo = line1.append('div').attr('class', 'attribution-capture-info'); // Add capture date
 
-               section.reRender();
+           if (d.captured_by) {
+             var yyyy = new Date().getFullYear();
+             captureInfo.append('a').attr('class', 'captured_by').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/maps/streetside').text('©' + yyyy + ' Microsoft');
+             captureInfo.append('span').text('|');
            }
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-               var container = selection.selectAll('.display-options-container')
-                   .data([0]);
+           if (d.captured_at) {
+             captureInfo.append('span').attr('class', 'captured_at').text(localeTimestamp(d.captured_at));
+           } // Add image links
 
-               var containerEnter = container.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'display-options-container controls-list');
 
-               // add slider controls
-               var slidersEnter = containerEnter.selectAll('.display-control')
-                   .data(_sliders)
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'display-control display-control-' + d; });
-
-               slidersEnter
-                   .append('h5')
-                   .text(function(d) { return _t('background.' + d); })
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'display-option-value display-option-value-' + d; });
-
-               slidersEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'display-option-input display-option-input-' + d; })
-                   .attr('type', 'range')
-                   .attr('min', _minVal)
-                   .attr('max', _maxVal)
-                   .attr('step', '0.05')
-                   .on('input', function(d) {
-                       var val = select(this).property('value');
-                       updateValue(d, val);
-                   });
+           var line2 = attribution.append('div').attr('class', 'attribution-row');
+           line2.append('a').attr('class', 'image-view-link').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://www.bing.com/maps?cp=' + d.loc[1] + '~' + d.loc[0] + '&lvl=17&dir=' + d.ca + '&style=x&v=2&sV=1').call(_t.append('streetside.view_on_bing'));
+           line2.append('a').attr('class', 'image-report-link').attr('target', '_blank').attr('href', 'https://www.bing.com/maps/privacyreport/streetsideprivacyreport?bubbleid=' + encodeURIComponent(d.key) + '&focus=photo&lat=' + d.loc[1] + '&lng=' + d.loc[0] + '&z=17').call(_t.append('streetside.report'));
+           var bubbleIdQuadKey = d.key.toString(4);
+           var paddingNeeded = 16 - bubbleIdQuadKey.length;
 
-               slidersEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('title', _t('background.reset'))
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'display-option-reset display-option-reset-' + d; })
-                   .on('click', function(d) {
-                       if (event.button !== 0) return;
-                       updateValue(d, 1);
-                   })
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'redo' : 'undo')));
-
-               // reset all button
-               containerEnter
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'display-option-resetlink')
-                   .attr('href', '#')
-                   .text(_t('background.reset_all'))
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       for (var i = 0; i < _sliders.length; i++) {
-                           updateValue(_sliders[i],1);
-                       }
-                   });
+           for (var i = 0; i < paddingNeeded; i++) {
+             bubbleIdQuadKey = '0' + bubbleIdQuadKey;
+           }
 
-               // update
-               container = containerEnter
-                   .merge(container);
+           var imgUrlPrefix = streetsideImagesApi + 'hs' + bubbleIdQuadKey;
+           var imgUrlSuffix = '.jpg?g=6338&n=z'; // Cubemap face code order matters here: front=01, right=02, back=03, left=10, up=11, down=12
 
-               container.selectAll('.display-option-input')
-                   .property('value', function(d) { return _options[d]; });
+           var faceKeys = ['01', '02', '03', '10', '11', '12']; // Map images to cube faces
 
-               container.selectAll('.display-option-value')
-                   .text(function(d) { return Math.floor(_options[d] * 100) + '%'; });
+           var quadKeys = getQuadKeys();
+           var faces = faceKeys.map(function (faceKey) {
+             return quadKeys.map(function (quadKey) {
+               var xy = qkToXY(quadKey);
+               return {
+                 face: faceKey,
+                 url: imgUrlPrefix + faceKey + quadKey + imgUrlSuffix,
+                 x: xy[0],
+                 y: xy[1]
+               };
+             });
+           });
+           loadFaces(faces).then(function () {
+             if (!_pannellumViewer) {
+               that.initViewer();
+             } else {
+               // make a new scene
+               _currScene += 1;
 
-               container.selectAll('.display-option-reset')
-                   .classed('disabled', function(d) { return _options[d] === 1; });
+               var sceneID = _currScene.toString();
 
-               // first time only, set brightness if needed
-               if (containerEnter.size() && _options.brightness !== 1) {
-                   context.background().brightness(_options.brightness);
-               }
-           }
+               _pannellumViewer.addScene(sceneID, _sceneOptions).loadScene(sceneID); // remove previous scene
 
-           return section;
-       }
 
-       function uiSettingsCustomBackground() {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
+               if (_currScene > 2) {
+                 sceneID = (_currScene - 1).toString();
 
-           function render(selection) {
-               // keep separate copies of original and current settings
-               var _origSettings = {
-                   template: corePreferences('background-custom-template')
-               };
-               var _currSettings = {
-                   template: corePreferences('background-custom-template')
-               };
+                 _pannellumViewer.removeScene(sceneID);
+               }
+             }
+           });
+           return this;
+         },
+         getSequenceKeyForBubble: function getSequenceKeyForBubble(d) {
+           return d && d.sequenceKey;
+         },
+         // Updates the currently highlighted sequence and selected bubble.
+         // Reset is only necessary when interacting with the viewport because
+         // this implicitly changes the currently selected bubble/sequence
+         setStyles: function setStyles(context, hovered, reset) {
+           if (reset) {
+             // reset all layers
+             context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group').classed('highlighted', false).classed('hovered', false).classed('currentView', false);
+             context.container().selectAll('.sequence').classed('highlighted', false).classed('currentView', false);
+           }
+
+           var hoveredBubbleKey = hovered && hovered.key;
+           var hoveredSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForBubble(hovered);
+           var hoveredSequence = hoveredSequenceKey && _ssCache.sequences[hoveredSequenceKey];
+           var hoveredBubbleKeys = hoveredSequence && hoveredSequence.bubbles.map(function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }) || [];
+           var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
+           var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
+           var selectedBubbleKey = selected && selected.key;
+           var selectedSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForBubble(selected);
+           var selectedSequence = selectedSequenceKey && _ssCache.sequences[selectedSequenceKey];
+           var selectedBubbleKeys = selectedSequence && selectedSequence.bubbles.map(function (d) {
+             return d.key;
+           }) || []; // highlight sibling viewfields on either the selected or the hovered sequences
+
+           var highlightedBubbleKeys = utilArrayUnion(hoveredBubbleKeys, selectedBubbleKeys);
+           context.container().selectAll('.layer-streetside-images .viewfield-group').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
+             return highlightedBubbleKeys.indexOf(d.key) !== -1;
+           }).classed('hovered', function (d) {
+             return d.key === hoveredBubbleKey;
+           }).classed('currentView', function (d) {
+             return d.key === selectedBubbleKey;
+           });
+           context.container().selectAll('.layer-streetside-images .sequence').classed('highlighted', function (d) {
+             return d.properties.key === hoveredSequenceKey;
+           }).classed('currentView', function (d) {
+             return d.properties.key === selectedSequenceKey;
+           }); // update viewfields if needed
 
-               var example = 'https://{switch:a,b,c}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{zoom}/{x}/{y}.png';
-               var modal = uiConfirm(selection).okButton();
-
-               modal
-                   .classed('settings-modal settings-custom-background', true);
-
-               modal.select('.modal-section.header')
-                   .append('h3')
-                   .text(_t('settings.custom_background.header'));
-
-
-               var textSection = modal.select('.modal-section.message-text');
-
-               var instructions =
-                   `${_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.info')}\n` +
-                   '\n' +
-                   `#### ${_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens_label')}\n` +
-                   `* ${_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.proj')}\n` +
-                   `* ${_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.wkid')}\n` +
-                   `* ${_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.dimensions')}\n` +
-                   `* ${_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.bbox')}\n` +
-                   '\n' +
-                   `#### ${_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens_label')}\n` +
-                   `* ${_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.xyz')}\n` +
-                   `* ${_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.flipped_y')}\n` +
-                   `* ${_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.switch')}\n` +
-                   `* ${_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.quadtile')}\n` +
-                   `* ${_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.scale_factor')}\n` +
-                   '\n' +
-                   `#### ${_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.example')}\n` +
-                   `\`${example}\``;
-
-               textSection
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'instructions-template')
-                   .html(marked_1(instructions));
+           context.container().selectAll('.layer-streetside-images .viewfield-group .viewfield').attr('d', viewfieldPath);
+
+           function viewfieldPath() {
+             var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
 
-               textSection
-                   .append('textarea')
-                   .attr('class', 'field-template')
-                   .attr('placeholder', _t('settings.custom_background.template.placeholder'))
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .property('value', _currSettings.template);
+             if (d.pano && d.key !== selectedBubbleKey) {
+               return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
+             } else {
+               return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
+             }
+           }
 
+           return this;
+         },
+         updateUrlImage: function updateUrlImage(imageKey) {
+           if (!window.mocha) {
+             var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
 
-               // insert a cancel button
-               var buttonSection = modal.select('.modal-section.buttons');
+             if (imageKey) {
+               hash.photo = 'streetside/' + imageKey;
+             } else {
+               delete hash.photo;
+             }
 
-               buttonSection
-                   .insert('button', '.ok-button')
-                   .attr('class', 'button cancel-button secondary-action')
-                   .text(_t('confirm.cancel'));
+             window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
+           }
+         },
 
+         /**
+          * cache().
+          */
+         cache: function cache() {
+           return _ssCache;
+         }
+       };
 
-               buttonSection.select('.cancel-button')
-                   .on('click.cancel', clickCancel);
+       var _apibase = 'https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/api/4/';
+       var _inflight = {};
+       var _popularKeys = {};
+       var _taginfoCache = {};
+       var tag_sorts = {
+         point: 'count_nodes',
+         vertex: 'count_nodes',
+         area: 'count_ways',
+         line: 'count_ways'
+       };
+       var tag_sort_members = {
+         point: 'count_node_members',
+         vertex: 'count_node_members',
+         area: 'count_way_members',
+         line: 'count_way_members',
+         relation: 'count_relation_members'
+       };
+       var tag_filters = {
+         point: 'nodes',
+         vertex: 'nodes',
+         area: 'ways',
+         line: 'ways'
+       };
+       var tag_members_fractions = {
+         point: 'count_node_members_fraction',
+         vertex: 'count_node_members_fraction',
+         area: 'count_way_members_fraction',
+         line: 'count_way_members_fraction',
+         relation: 'count_relation_members_fraction'
+       };
 
-               buttonSection.select('.ok-button')
-                   .attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled)
-                   .on('click.save', clickSave);
+       function sets(params, n, o) {
+         if (params.geometry && o[params.geometry]) {
+           params[n] = o[params.geometry];
+         }
 
+         return params;
+       }
 
-               function isSaveDisabled() {
-                   return null;
-               }
+       function setFilter(params) {
+         return sets(params, 'filter', tag_filters);
+       }
 
+       function setSort(params) {
+         return sets(params, 'sortname', tag_sorts);
+       }
 
-               // restore the original template
-               function clickCancel() {
-                   textSection.select('.field-template').property('value', _origSettings.template);
-                   corePreferences('background-custom-template', _origSettings.template);
-                   this.blur();
-                   modal.close();
-               }
+       function setSortMembers(params) {
+         return sets(params, 'sortname', tag_sort_members);
+       }
 
-               // accept the current template
-               function clickSave() {
-                   _currSettings.template = textSection.select('.field-template').property('value');
-                   corePreferences('background-custom-template', _currSettings.template);
-                   this.blur();
-                   modal.close();
-                   dispatch$1.call('change', this, _currSettings);
-               }
-           }
+       function clean(params) {
+         return utilObjectOmit(params, ['geometry', 'debounce']);
+       }
 
-           return utilRebind(render, dispatch$1, 'on');
+       function filterKeys(type) {
+         var count_type = type ? 'count_' + type : 'count_all';
+         return function (d) {
+           return parseFloat(d[count_type]) > 2500 || d.in_wiki;
+         };
        }
 
-       function uiSectionBackgroundList(context) {
+       function filterMultikeys(prefix) {
+         return function (d) {
+           // d.key begins with prefix, and d.key contains no additional ':'s
+           var re = new RegExp('^' + prefix + '(.*)$');
+           var matches = d.key.match(re) || [];
+           return matches.length === 2 && matches[1].indexOf(':') === -1;
+         };
+       }
 
-           var _backgroundList = select(null);
+       function filterValues(allowUpperCase) {
+         return function (d) {
+           if (d.value.match(/[;,]/) !== null) return false; // exclude some punctuation
 
-           var _customSource = context.background().findSource('custom');
+           if (!allowUpperCase && d.value.match(/[A-Z*]/) !== null) return false; // exclude uppercase letters
 
-           var _settingsCustomBackground = uiSettingsCustomBackground()
-               .on('change', customChanged);
+           return parseFloat(d.fraction) > 0.0;
+         };
+       }
 
-           var section = uiSection('background-list', context)
-               .title(_t('background.backgrounds'))
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+       function filterRoles(geometry) {
+         return function (d) {
+           if (d.role === '') return false; // exclude empty role
 
-           function previousBackgroundID() {
-               return corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle');
-           }
+           if (d.role.match(/[A-Z*;,]/) !== null) return false; // exclude uppercase letters and some punctuation
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+           return parseFloat(d[tag_members_fractions[geometry]]) > 0.0;
+         };
+       }
 
-               // the background list
-               var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-background-list')
-                   .data([0]);
+       function valKey(d) {
+         return {
+           value: d.key,
+           title: d.key
+         };
+       }
 
-               _backgroundList = container.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-background-list')
-                   .attr('dir', 'auto')
-                   .merge(container);
+       function valKeyDescription(d) {
+         var obj = {
+           value: d.value,
+           title: d.description || d.value
+         };
 
+         if (d.count) {
+           obj.count = d.count;
+         }
 
-               // add minimap toggle below list
-               var bgExtrasListEnter = selection.selectAll('.bg-extras-list')
-                   .data([0])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-list bg-extras-list');
-
-               var minimapLabelEnter = bgExtrasListEnter
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'minimap-toggle-item')
-                   .append('label')
-                   .call(uiTooltip()
-                       .title(_t('background.minimap.tooltip'))
-                       .keys([_t('background.minimap.key')])
-                       .placement('top')
-                   );
-
-               minimapLabelEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'checkbox')
-                   .on('change', function() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       uiMapInMap.toggle();
-                   });
+         return obj;
+       }
 
-               minimapLabelEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(_t('background.minimap.description'));
-
-
-               var panelLabelEnter = bgExtrasListEnter
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'background-panel-toggle-item')
-                   .append('label')
-                   .call(uiTooltip()
-                       .title(_t('background.panel.tooltip'))
-                       .keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.background.key'))])
-                       .placement('top')
-                   );
-
-               panelLabelEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'checkbox')
-                   .on('change', function() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       context.ui().info.toggle('background');
-                   });
+       function roleKey(d) {
+         return {
+           value: d.role,
+           title: d.role
+         };
+       } // sort keys with ':' lower than keys without ':'
 
-               panelLabelEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(_t('background.panel.description'));
-
-               var locPanelLabelEnter = bgExtrasListEnter
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'location-panel-toggle-item')
-                   .append('label')
-                   .call(uiTooltip()
-                       .title(_t('background.location_panel.tooltip'))
-                       .keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.location.key'))])
-                       .placement('top')
-                   );
-
-               locPanelLabelEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'checkbox')
-                   .on('change', function() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       context.ui().info.toggle('location');
-                   });
 
-               locPanelLabelEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(_t('background.location_panel.description'));
+       function sortKeys(a, b) {
+         return a.key.indexOf(':') === -1 && b.key.indexOf(':') !== -1 ? -1 : a.key.indexOf(':') !== -1 && b.key.indexOf(':') === -1 ? 1 : 0;
+       }
 
+       var debouncedRequest = debounce(request, 300, {
+         leading: false
+       });
 
-               // "Info / Report a Problem" link
-               selection.selectAll('.imagery-faq')
-                   .data([0])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'imagery-faq')
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('target', '_blank')
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
-                   .attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/develop/FAQ.md#how-can-i-report-an-issue-with-background-imagery')
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(_t('background.imagery_problem_faq'));
-
-               _backgroundList
-                   .call(drawListItems, 'radio', chooseBackground, function(d) { return !d.isHidden() && !d.overlay; });
-           }
-
-           function setTooltips(selection) {
-               selection.each(function(d, i, nodes) {
-                   var item = select(this).select('label');
-                   var span = item.select('span');
-                   var placement = (i < nodes.length / 2) ? 'bottom' : 'top';
-                   var description = d.description();
-                   var isOverflowing = (span.property('clientWidth') !== span.property('scrollWidth'));
-
-                   item.call(uiTooltip().destroyAny);
-
-                   if (d.id === previousBackgroundID()) {
-                       item.call(uiTooltip()
-                           .placement(placement)
-                           .title('<div>' + _t('background.switch') + '</div>')
-                           .keys([uiCmd('⌘' + _t('background.key'))])
-                       );
-                   } else if (description || isOverflowing) {
-                       item.call(uiTooltip()
-                           .placement(placement)
-                           .title(description || d.name())
-                       );
-                   }
-               });
-           }
+       function request(url, params, exactMatch, callback, loaded) {
+         if (_inflight[url]) return;
+         if (checkCache(url, params, exactMatch, callback)) return;
+         var controller = new AbortController();
+         _inflight[url] = controller;
+         d3_json(url, {
+           signal: controller.signal
+         }).then(function (result) {
+           delete _inflight[url];
+           if (loaded) loaded(null, result);
+         })["catch"](function (err) {
+           delete _inflight[url];
+           if (err.name === 'AbortError') return;
+           if (loaded) loaded(err.message);
+         });
+       }
 
-           function drawListItems(layerList, type, change, filter) {
-               var sources = context.background()
-                   .sources(context.map().extent(), context.map().zoom(), true)
-                   .filter(filter);
+       function checkCache(url, params, exactMatch, callback) {
+         var rp = params.rp || 25;
+         var testQuery = params.query || '';
+         var testUrl = url;
 
-               var layerLinks = layerList.selectAll('li')
-                   .data(sources, function(d) { return d.name(); });
+         do {
+           var hit = _taginfoCache[testUrl]; // exact match, or shorter match yielding fewer than max results (rp)
 
-               layerLinks.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           if (hit && (url === testUrl || hit.length < rp)) {
+             callback(null, hit);
+             return true;
+           } // don't try to shorten the query
 
-               var enter = layerLinks.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .classed('layer-custom', function(d) { return d.id === 'custom'; })
-                   .classed('best', function(d) { return d.best(); });
 
-               var label = enter
-                   .append('label');
+           if (exactMatch || !testQuery.length) return false; // do shorten the query to see if we already have a cached result
+           // that has returned fewer than max results (rp)
 
-               label
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', type)
-                   .attr('name', 'layers')
-                   .on('change', change);
+           testQuery = testQuery.slice(0, -1);
+           testUrl = url.replace(/&query=(.*?)&/, '&query=' + testQuery + '&');
+         } while (testQuery.length >= 0);
 
-               label
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(function(d) { return d.name(); });
+         return false;
+       }
 
-               enter.filter(function(d) { return d.id === 'custom'; })
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-browse')
-                   .call(uiTooltip()
-                       .title(_t('settings.custom_background.tooltip'))
-                       .placement((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'right' : 'left')
-                   )
-                   .on('click', editCustom)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-more'));
+       var serviceTaginfo = {
+         init: function init() {
+           _inflight = {};
+           _taginfoCache = {};
+           _popularKeys = {
+             // manually exclude some keys – #5377, #7485
+             postal_code: true,
+             full_name: true,
+             loc_name: true,
+             reg_name: true,
+             short_name: true,
+             sorting_name: true,
+             artist_name: true,
+             nat_name: true,
+             long_name: true,
+             'bridge:name': true
+           }; // Fetch popular keys.  We'll exclude these from `values`
+           // lookups because they stress taginfo, and they aren't likely
+           // to yield meaningful autocomplete results.. see #3955
+
+           var params = {
+             rp: 100,
+             sortname: 'values_all',
+             sortorder: 'desc',
+             page: 1,
+             debounce: false,
+             lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
+           };
+           this.keys(params, function (err, data) {
+             if (err) return;
+             data.forEach(function (d) {
+               if (d.value === 'opening_hours') return; // exception
+
+               _popularKeys[d.value] = true;
+             });
+           });
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           Object.values(_inflight).forEach(function (controller) {
+             controller.abort();
+           });
+           _inflight = {};
+         },
+         keys: function keys(params, callback) {
+           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest : request;
+           params = clean(setSort(params));
+           params = Object.assign({
+             rp: 10,
+             sortname: 'count_all',
+             sortorder: 'desc',
+             page: 1,
+             lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
+           }, params);
+           var url = _apibase + 'keys/all?' + utilQsString(params);
+           doRequest(url, params, false, callback, function (err, d) {
+             if (err) {
+               callback(err);
+             } else {
+               var f = filterKeys(params.filter);
+               var result = d.data.filter(f).sort(sortKeys).map(valKey);
+               _taginfoCache[url] = result;
+               callback(null, result);
+             }
+           });
+         },
+         multikeys: function multikeys(params, callback) {
+           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest : request;
+           params = clean(setSort(params));
+           params = Object.assign({
+             rp: 25,
+             sortname: 'count_all',
+             sortorder: 'desc',
+             page: 1,
+             lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
+           }, params);
+           var prefix = params.query;
+           var url = _apibase + 'keys/all?' + utilQsString(params);
+           doRequest(url, params, true, callback, function (err, d) {
+             if (err) {
+               callback(err);
+             } else {
+               var f = filterMultikeys(prefix);
+               var result = d.data.filter(f).map(valKey);
+               _taginfoCache[url] = result;
+               callback(null, result);
+             }
+           });
+         },
+         values: function values(params, callback) {
+           // Exclude popular keys from values lookups.. see #3955
+           var key = params.key;
 
-               enter.filter(function(d) { return d.best(); })
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'best')
-                   .call(uiTooltip()
-                       .title(_t('background.best_imagery'))
-                       .placement((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'right' : 'left')
-                   )
-                   .append('span')
-                   .html('&#9733;');
+           if (key && _popularKeys[key]) {
+             callback(null, []);
+             return;
+           }
 
+           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest : request;
+           params = clean(setSort(setFilter(params)));
+           params = Object.assign({
+             rp: 25,
+             sortname: 'count_all',
+             sortorder: 'desc',
+             page: 1,
+             lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
+           }, params);
+           var url = _apibase + 'key/values?' + utilQsString(params);
+           doRequest(url, params, false, callback, function (err, d) {
+             if (err) {
+               callback(err);
+             } else {
+               // In most cases we prefer taginfo value results with lowercase letters.
+               // A few OSM keys expect values to contain uppercase values (see #3377).
+               // This is not an exhaustive list (e.g. `name` also has uppercase values)
+               // but these are the fields where taginfo value lookup is most useful.
+               var re = /network|taxon|genus|species|brand|grape_variety|royal_cypher|listed_status|booth|rating|stars|:output|_hours|_times|_ref|manufacturer|country|target|brewery|cai_scale/;
+               var allowUpperCase = re.test(params.key);
+               var f = filterValues(allowUpperCase);
+               var result = d.data.filter(f).map(valKeyDescription);
+               _taginfoCache[url] = result;
+               callback(null, result);
+             }
+           });
+         },
+         roles: function roles(params, callback) {
+           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest : request;
+           var geometry = params.geometry;
+           params = clean(setSortMembers(params));
+           params = Object.assign({
+             rp: 25,
+             sortname: 'count_all_members',
+             sortorder: 'desc',
+             page: 1,
+             lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
+           }, params);
+           var url = _apibase + 'relation/roles?' + utilQsString(params);
+           doRequest(url, params, true, callback, function (err, d) {
+             if (err) {
+               callback(err);
+             } else {
+               var f = filterRoles(geometry);
+               var result = d.data.filter(f).map(roleKey);
+               _taginfoCache[url] = result;
+               callback(null, result);
+             }
+           });
+         },
+         docs: function docs(params, callback) {
+           var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest : request;
+           params = clean(setSort(params));
+           var path = 'key/wiki_pages?';
 
-               layerList.selectAll('li')
-                   .sort(sortSources);
+           if (params.value) {
+             path = 'tag/wiki_pages?';
+           } else if (params.rtype) {
+             path = 'relation/wiki_pages?';
+           }
 
-               layerList
-                   .call(updateLayerSelections);
+           var url = _apibase + path + utilQsString(params);
+           doRequest(url, params, true, callback, function (err, d) {
+             if (err) {
+               callback(err);
+             } else {
+               _taginfoCache[url] = d.data;
+               callback(null, d.data);
+             }
+           });
+         },
+         apibase: function apibase(_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _apibase;
+           _apibase = _;
+           return this;
+         }
+       };
 
+       /**
+        * Wraps a GeoJSON {@link Geometry} in a GeoJSON {@link Feature}.
+        *
+        * @name feature
+        * @param {Geometry} geometry input geometry
+        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
+        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
+        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
+        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
+        * @returns {Feature} a GeoJSON Feature
+        * @example
+        * var geometry = {
+        *   "type": "Point",
+        *   "coordinates": [110, 50]
+        * };
+        *
+        * var feature = turf.feature(geometry);
+        *
+        * //=feature
+        */
 
-               function sortSources(a, b) {
-                   return a.best() && !b.best() ? -1
-                       : b.best() && !a.best() ? 1
-                       : d3_descending(a.area(), b.area()) || d3_ascending(a.name(), b.name()) || 0;
-               }
-           }
+       function feature(geom, properties, options) {
+         if (options === void 0) {
+           options = {};
+         }
 
-           function updateLayerSelections(selection) {
-               function active(d) {
-                   return context.background().showsLayer(d);
-               }
+         var feat = {
+           type: "Feature"
+         };
 
-               selection.selectAll('li')
-                   .classed('active', active)
-                   .classed('switch', function(d) { return d.id === previousBackgroundID(); })
-                   .call(setTooltips)
-                   .selectAll('input')
-                   .property('checked', active);
-           }
+         if (options.id === 0 || options.id) {
+           feat.id = options.id;
+         }
 
+         if (options.bbox) {
+           feat.bbox = options.bbox;
+         }
 
-           function chooseBackground(d) {
-               if (d.id === 'custom' && !d.template()) {
-                   return editCustom();
-               }
+         feat.properties = properties || {};
+         feat.geometry = geom;
+         return feat;
+       }
+       /**
+        * Creates a {@link Polygon} {@link Feature} from an Array of LinearRings.
+        *
+        * @name polygon
+        * @param {Array<Array<Array<number>>>} coordinates an array of LinearRings
+        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
+        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
+        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
+        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
+        * @returns {Feature<Polygon>} Polygon Feature
+        * @example
+        * var polygon = turf.polygon([[[-5, 52], [-4, 56], [-2, 51], [-7, 54], [-5, 52]]], { name: 'poly1' });
+        *
+        * //=polygon
+        */
 
-               event.preventDefault();
-               var previousBackground = context.background().baseLayerSource();
-               corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle', previousBackground.id);
-               corePreferences('background-last-used', d.id);
-               context.background().baseLayerSource(d);
-               document.activeElement.blur();
-           }
+       function polygon(coordinates, properties, options) {
+         if (options === void 0) {
+           options = {};
+         }
 
+         for (var _i = 0, coordinates_1 = coordinates; _i < coordinates_1.length; _i++) {
+           var ring = coordinates_1[_i];
 
-           function customChanged(d) {
-               if (d && d.template) {
-                   _customSource.template(d.template);
-                   chooseBackground(_customSource);
-               } else {
-                   _customSource.template('');
-                   chooseBackground(context.background().findSource('none'));
-               }
+           if (ring.length < 4) {
+             throw new Error("Each LinearRing of a Polygon must have 4 or more Positions.");
            }
 
-
-           function editCustom() {
-               event.preventDefault();
-               context.container()
-                   .call(_settingsCustomBackground);
+           for (var j = 0; j < ring[ring.length - 1].length; j++) {
+             // Check if first point of Polygon contains two numbers
+             if (ring[ring.length - 1][j] !== ring[0][j]) {
+               throw new Error("First and last Position are not equivalent.");
+             }
            }
+         }
 
+         var geom = {
+           type: "Polygon",
+           coordinates: coordinates
+         };
+         return feature(geom, properties, options);
+       }
+       /**
+        * Creates a {@link LineString} {@link Feature} from an Array of Positions.
+        *
+        * @name lineString
+        * @param {Array<Array<number>>} coordinates an array of Positions
+        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
+        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
+        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
+        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
+        * @returns {Feature<LineString>} LineString Feature
+        * @example
+        * var linestring1 = turf.lineString([[-24, 63], [-23, 60], [-25, 65], [-20, 69]], {name: 'line 1'});
+        * var linestring2 = turf.lineString([[-14, 43], [-13, 40], [-15, 45], [-10, 49]], {name: 'line 2'});
+        *
+        * //=linestring1
+        * //=linestring2
+        */
 
-           context.background()
-               .on('change.background_list', function() {
-                   _backgroundList.call(updateLayerSelections);
-               });
+       function lineString(coordinates, properties, options) {
+         if (options === void 0) {
+           options = {};
+         }
 
-           context.map()
-               .on('move.background_list',
-                   debounce(function() {
-                       // layers in-view may have changed due to map move
-                       window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
-                   }, 1000)
-               );
+         if (coordinates.length < 2) {
+           throw new Error("coordinates must be an array of two or more positions");
+         }
 
-           return section;
+         var geom = {
+           type: "LineString",
+           coordinates: coordinates
+         };
+         return feature(geom, properties, options);
        }
+       /**
+        * Creates a {@link Feature<MultiLineString>} based on a
+        * coordinate array. Properties can be added optionally.
+        *
+        * @name multiLineString
+        * @param {Array<Array<Array<number>>>} coordinates an array of LineStrings
+        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
+        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
+        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
+        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
+        * @returns {Feature<MultiLineString>} a MultiLineString feature
+        * @throws {Error} if no coordinates are passed
+        * @example
+        * var multiLine = turf.multiLineString([[[0,0],[10,10]]]);
+        *
+        * //=multiLine
+        */
 
-       function uiSectionBackgroundOffset(context) {
-
-           var section = uiSection('background-offset', context)
-               .title(_t('background.fix_misalignment'))
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent)
-               .expandedByDefault(false);
+       function multiLineString(coordinates, properties, options) {
+         if (options === void 0) {
+           options = {};
+         }
 
-           var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
+         var geom = {
+           type: "MultiLineString",
+           coordinates: coordinates
+         };
+         return feature(geom, properties, options);
+       }
+       /**
+        * Creates a {@link Feature<MultiPolygon>} based on a
+        * coordinate array. Properties can be added optionally.
+        *
+        * @name multiPolygon
+        * @param {Array<Array<Array<Array<number>>>>} coordinates an array of Polygons
+        * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
+        * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
+        * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
+        * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
+        * @returns {Feature<MultiPolygon>} a multipolygon feature
+        * @throws {Error} if no coordinates are passed
+        * @example
+        * var multiPoly = turf.multiPolygon([[[[0,0],[0,10],[10,10],[10,0],[0,0]]]]);
+        *
+        * //=multiPoly
+        *
+        */
 
-           var _directions = [
-               ['right', [0.5, 0]],
-               ['top', [0, -0.5]],
-               ['left', [-0.5, 0]],
-               ['bottom', [0, 0.5]]
-           ];
+       function multiPolygon(coordinates, properties, options) {
+         if (options === void 0) {
+           options = {};
+         }
 
+         var geom = {
+           type: "MultiPolygon",
+           coordinates: coordinates
+         };
+         return feature(geom, properties, options);
+       }
 
-           function cancelEvent() {
-               event.stopPropagation();
-               event.preventDefault();
-           }
+       /**
+        * Get Geometry from Feature or Geometry Object
+        *
+        * @param {Feature|Geometry} geojson GeoJSON Feature or Geometry Object
+        * @returns {Geometry|null} GeoJSON Geometry Object
+        * @throws {Error} if geojson is not a Feature or Geometry Object
+        * @example
+        * var point = {
+        *   "type": "Feature",
+        *   "properties": {},
+        *   "geometry": {
+        *     "type": "Point",
+        *     "coordinates": [110, 40]
+        *   }
+        * }
+        * var geom = turf.getGeom(point)
+        * //={"type": "Point", "coordinates": [110, 40]}
+        */
 
+       function getGeom(geojson) {
+         if (geojson.type === "Feature") {
+           return geojson.geometry;
+         }
 
-           function updateValue() {
-               var meters = geoOffsetToMeters(context.background().offset());
-               var x = +meters[0].toFixed(2);
-               var y = +meters[1].toFixed(2);
+         return geojson;
+       }
 
-               context.container().selectAll('.nudge-inner-rect')
-                   .select('input')
-                   .classed('error', false)
-                   .property('value', x + ', ' + y);
+       // Cohen-Sutherland line clipping algorithm, adapted to efficiently
+       // handle polylines rather than just segments
+       function lineclip(points, bbox, result) {
+         var len = points.length,
+             codeA = bitCode(points[0], bbox),
+             part = [],
+             i,
+             codeB,
+             lastCode;
+         var a;
+         var b;
+         if (!result) result = [];
 
-               context.container().selectAll('.nudge-reset')
-                   .classed('disabled', function() {
-                       return (x === 0 && y === 0);
-                   });
-           }
+         for (i = 1; i < len; i++) {
+           a = points[i - 1];
+           b = points[i];
+           codeB = lastCode = bitCode(b, bbox);
 
+           while (true) {
+             if (!(codeA | codeB)) {
+               // accept
+               part.push(a);
+
+               if (codeB !== lastCode) {
+                 // segment went outside
+                 part.push(b);
+
+                 if (i < len - 1) {
+                   // start a new line
+                   result.push(part);
+                   part = [];
+                 }
+               } else if (i === len - 1) {
+                 part.push(b);
+               }
 
-           function resetOffset() {
-               context.background().offset([0, 0]);
-               updateValue();
+               break;
+             } else if (codeA & codeB) {
+               // trivial reject
+               break;
+             } else if (codeA) {
+               // a outside, intersect with clip edge
+               a = intersect(a, b, codeA, bbox);
+               codeA = bitCode(a, bbox);
+             } else {
+               // b outside
+               b = intersect(a, b, codeB, bbox);
+               codeB = bitCode(b, bbox);
+             }
            }
 
+           codeA = lastCode;
+         }
 
-           function nudge(d) {
-               context.background().nudge(d, context.map().zoom());
-               updateValue();
-           }
+         if (part.length) result.push(part);
+         return result;
+       } // Sutherland-Hodgeman polygon clipping algorithm
 
+       function polygonclip(points, bbox) {
+         var result, edge, prev, prevInside, i, p, inside; // clip against each side of the clip rectangle
 
-           function pointerdownNudgeButton(d) {
-               var interval;
-               var timeout = window.setTimeout(function() {
-                       interval = window.setInterval(nudge.bind(null, d), 100);
-                   }, 500);
+         for (edge = 1; edge <= 8; edge *= 2) {
+           result = [];
+           prev = points[points.length - 1];
+           prevInside = !(bitCode(prev, bbox) & edge);
 
-               function doneNudge() {
-                   window.clearTimeout(timeout);
-                   window.clearInterval(interval);
-                   select(window)
-                       .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.buttonoffset', null, true)
-                       .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.buttonoffset', null, true);
-               }
+           for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
+             p = points[i];
+             inside = !(bitCode(p, bbox) & edge); // if segment goes through the clip window, add an intersection
 
-               select(window)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.buttonoffset', doneNudge, true)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.buttonoffset', doneNudge, true);
+             if (inside !== prevInside) result.push(intersect(prev, p, edge, bbox));
+             if (inside) result.push(p); // add a point if it's inside
 
-               nudge(d);
+             prev = p;
+             prevInside = inside;
            }
 
+           points = result;
+           if (!points.length) break;
+         }
 
-           function inputOffset() {
-               var input = select(this);
-               var d = input.node().value;
-
-               if (d === '') return resetOffset();
-
-               d = d.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',').map(function(n) {
-                   // if n is NaN, it will always get mapped to false.
-                   return !isNaN(n) && n;
-               });
-
-               if (d.length !== 2 || !d[0] || !d[1]) {
-                   input.classed('error', true);
-                   return;
-               }
-
-               context.background().offset(geoMetersToOffset(d));
-               updateValue();
-           }
-
+         return result;
+       } // intersect a segment against one of the 4 lines that make up the bbox
 
-           function dragOffset() {
-               if (event.button !== 0) return;
+       function intersect(a, b, edge, bbox) {
+         return edge & 8 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[3] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[3]] // top
+         : edge & 4 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[1] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[1]] // bottom
+         : edge & 2 ? [bbox[2], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[2] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] // right
+         : edge & 1 ? [bbox[0], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[0] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] // left
+         : null;
+       } // bit code reflects the point position relative to the bbox:
+       //         left  mid  right
+       //    top  1001  1000  1010
+       //    mid  0001  0000  0010
+       // bottom  0101  0100  0110
 
-               var origin = [event.clientX, event.clientY];
 
-               var pointerId = event.pointerId || 'mouse';
+       function bitCode(p, bbox) {
+         var code = 0;
+         if (p[0] < bbox[0]) code |= 1; // left
+         else if (p[0] > bbox[2]) code |= 2; // right
 
-               context.container()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'nudge-surface');
+         if (p[1] < bbox[1]) code |= 4; // bottom
+         else if (p[1] > bbox[3]) code |= 8; // top
 
-               select(window)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag-bg-offset', pointermove)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag-bg-offset', pointerup);
+         return code;
+       }
 
-               if (_pointerPrefix === 'pointer') {
-                   select(window)
-                       .on('pointercancel.drag-bg-offset', pointerup);
-               }
+       /**
+        * Takes a {@link Feature} and a bbox and clips the feature to the bbox using
+        * [lineclip](https://github.com/mapbox/lineclip).
+        * May result in degenerate edges when clipping Polygons.
+        *
+        * @name bboxClip
+        * @param {Feature<LineString|MultiLineString|Polygon|MultiPolygon>} feature feature to clip to the bbox
+        * @param {BBox} bbox extent in [minX, minY, maxX, maxY] order
+        * @returns {Feature<LineString|MultiLineString|Polygon|MultiPolygon>} clipped Feature
+        * @example
+        * var bbox = [0, 0, 10, 10];
+        * var poly = turf.polygon([[[2, 2], [8, 4], [12, 8], [3, 7], [2, 2]]]);
+        *
+        * var clipped = turf.bboxClip(poly, bbox);
+        *
+        * //addToMap
+        * var addToMap = [bbox, poly, clipped]
+        */
 
-               function pointermove() {
-                   if (pointerId !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
+       function bboxClip(feature, bbox) {
+         var geom = getGeom(feature);
+         var type = geom.type;
+         var properties = feature.type === "Feature" ? feature.properties : {};
+         var coords = geom.coordinates;
 
-                   var latest = [event.clientX, event.clientY];
-                   var d = [
-                       -(origin[0] - latest[0]) / 4,
-                       -(origin[1] - latest[1]) / 4
-                   ];
+         switch (type) {
+           case "LineString":
+           case "MultiLineString":
+             {
+               var lines_1 = [];
 
-                   origin = latest;
-                   nudge(d);
+               if (type === "LineString") {
+                 coords = [coords];
                }
 
-               function pointerup() {
-                   if (pointerId !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) return;
-                   if (event.button !== 0) return;
-
-                   context.container().selectAll('.nudge-surface')
-                       .remove();
+               coords.forEach(function (line) {
+                 lineclip(line, bbox, lines_1);
+               });
 
-                   select(window)
-                       .on('.drag-bg-offset', null);
+               if (lines_1.length === 1) {
+                 return lineString(lines_1[0], properties);
                }
-           }
-
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-               var container = selection.selectAll('.nudge-container')
-                   .data([0]);
+               return multiLineString(lines_1, properties);
+             }
 
-               var containerEnter = container.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'nudge-container cf');
+           case "Polygon":
+             return polygon(clipPolygon(coords, bbox), properties);
 
-               containerEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'nudge-instructions')
-                   .text(_t('background.offset'));
+           case "MultiPolygon":
+             return multiPolygon(coords.map(function (poly) {
+               return clipPolygon(poly, bbox);
+             }), properties);
 
-               var nudgeEnter = containerEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'nudge-outer-rect')
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down', dragOffset);
+           default:
+             throw new Error("geometry " + type + " not supported");
+         }
+       }
 
-               nudgeEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'nudge-inner-rect')
-                   .append('input')
-                   .on('change', inputOffset);
+       function clipPolygon(rings, bbox) {
+         var outRings = [];
 
-               containerEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .selectAll('button')
-                   .data(_directions).enter()
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return d[0] + ' nudge'; })
-                   .on('contextmenu', cancelEvent)
-                   .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down', function(d) {
-                       if (event.button !== 0) return;
-                       pointerdownNudgeButton(d[1]);
-                   });
+         for (var _i = 0, rings_1 = rings; _i < rings_1.length; _i++) {
+           var ring = rings_1[_i];
+           var clipped = polygonclip(ring, bbox);
 
-               containerEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .attr('title', _t('background.reset'))
-                   .attr('class', 'nudge-reset disabled')
-                   .on('contextmenu', cancelEvent)
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       if (event.button !== 0) return;
-                       resetOffset();
-                   })
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'redo' : 'undo')));
+           if (clipped.length > 0) {
+             if (clipped[0][0] !== clipped[clipped.length - 1][0] || clipped[0][1] !== clipped[clipped.length - 1][1]) {
+               clipped.push(clipped[0]);
+             }
 
-               updateValue();
+             if (clipped.length >= 4) {
+               outRings.push(clipped);
+             }
            }
+         }
 
-           context.background()
-               .on('change.backgroundOffset-update', updateValue);
-
-           return section;
+         return outRings;
        }
 
-       function uiSectionOverlayList(context) {
-
-           var section = uiSection('overlay-list', context)
-               .title(_t('background.overlays'))
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+       var tiler = utilTiler().tileSize(512).margin(1);
+       var dispatch = dispatch$8('loadedData');
 
-           var _overlayList = select(null);
+       var _vtCache;
 
-           function setTooltips(selection) {
-               selection.each(function(d, i, nodes) {
-                   var item = select(this).select('label');
-                   var span = item.select('span');
-                   var placement = (i < nodes.length / 2) ? 'bottom' : 'top';
-                   var description = d.description();
-                   var isOverflowing = (span.property('clientWidth') !== span.property('scrollWidth'));
+       function abortRequest(controller) {
+         controller.abort();
+       }
 
-                   item.call(uiTooltip().destroyAny);
+       function vtToGeoJSON(data, tile, mergeCache) {
+         var vectorTile$1 = new vectorTile.VectorTile(new pbf(data));
+         var layers = Object.keys(vectorTile$1.layers);
 
-                   if (description || isOverflowing) {
-                       item.call(uiTooltip()
-                           .placement(placement)
-                           .title(description || d.name())
-                       );
-                   }
-               });
-           }
+         if (!Array.isArray(layers)) {
+           layers = [layers];
+         }
 
-           function updateLayerSelections(selection) {
-               function active(d) {
-                   return context.background().showsLayer(d);
-               }
+         var features = [];
+         layers.forEach(function (layerID) {
+           var layer = vectorTile$1.layers[layerID];
 
-               selection.selectAll('li')
-                   .classed('active', active)
-                   .call(setTooltips)
-                   .selectAll('input')
-                   .property('checked', active);
-           }
+           if (layer) {
+             for (var i = 0; i < layer.length; i++) {
+               var feature = layer.feature(i).toGeoJSON(tile.xyz[0], tile.xyz[1], tile.xyz[2]);
+               var geometry = feature.geometry; // Treat all Polygons as MultiPolygons
 
+               if (geometry.type === 'Polygon') {
+                 geometry.type = 'MultiPolygon';
+                 geometry.coordinates = [geometry.coordinates];
+               }
 
-           function chooseOverlay(d) {
-               event.preventDefault();
-               context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(d);
-               _overlayList.call(updateLayerSelections);
-               document.activeElement.blur();
-           }
+               var isClipped = false; // Clip to tile bounds
 
-           function drawListItems(layerList, type, change, filter) {
-               var sources = context.background()
-                   .sources(context.map().extent(), context.map().zoom(), true)
-                   .filter(filter);
+               if (geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
+                 var featureClip = bboxClip(feature, tile.extent.rectangle());
 
-               var layerLinks = layerList.selectAll('li')
-                   .data(sources, function(d) { return d.name(); });
+                 if (!fastDeepEqual(feature.geometry, featureClip.geometry)) {
+                   // feature = featureClip;
+                   isClipped = true;
+                 }
 
-               layerLinks.exit()
-                   .remove();
+                 if (!feature.geometry.coordinates.length) continue; // not actually on this tile
 
-               var enter = layerLinks.enter()
-                   .append('li');
+                 if (!feature.geometry.coordinates[0].length) continue; // not actually on this tile
+               } // Generate some unique IDs and add some metadata
 
-               var label = enter
-                   .append('label');
 
-               label
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', type)
-                   .attr('name', 'layers')
-                   .on('change', change);
+               var featurehash = utilHashcode(fastJsonStableStringify(feature));
+               var propertyhash = utilHashcode(fastJsonStableStringify(feature.properties || {}));
+               feature.__layerID__ = layerID.replace(/[^_a-zA-Z0-9\-]/g, '_');
+               feature.__featurehash__ = featurehash;
+               feature.__propertyhash__ = propertyhash;
+               features.push(feature); // Clipped Polygons at same zoom with identical properties can get merged
 
-               label
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(function(d) { return d.name(); });
+               if (isClipped && geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
+                 var merged = mergeCache[propertyhash];
 
+                 if (merged && merged.length) {
+                   var other = merged[0];
+                   var coords = index.union(feature.geometry.coordinates, other.geometry.coordinates);
 
-               layerList.selectAll('li')
-                   .sort(sortSources);
+                   if (!coords || !coords.length) {
+                     continue; // something failed in polygon union
+                   }
 
-               layerList
-                   .call(updateLayerSelections);
+                   merged.push(feature);
 
+                   for (var j = 0; j < merged.length; j++) {
+                     // all these features get...
+                     merged[j].geometry.coordinates = coords; // same coords
 
-               function sortSources(a, b) {
-                   return a.best() && !b.best() ? -1
-                       : b.best() && !a.best() ? 1
-                       : d3_descending(a.area(), b.area()) || d3_ascending(a.name(), b.name()) || 0;
+                     merged[j].__featurehash__ = featurehash; // same hash, so deduplication works
+                   }
+                 } else {
+                   mergeCache[propertyhash] = [feature];
+                 }
                }
+             }
            }
+         });
+         return features;
+       }
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+       function loadTile(source, tile) {
+         if (source.loaded[tile.id] || source.inflight[tile.id]) return;
+         var url = source.template.replace('{x}', tile.xyz[0]).replace('{y}', tile.xyz[1]) // TMS-flipped y coordinate
+         .replace(/\{[t-]y\}/, Math.pow(2, tile.xyz[2]) - tile.xyz[1] - 1).replace(/\{z(oom)?\}/, tile.xyz[2]).replace(/\{switch:([^}]+)\}/, function (s, r) {
+           var subdomains = r.split(',');
+           return subdomains[(tile.xyz[0] + tile.xyz[1]) % subdomains.length];
+         });
+         var controller = new AbortController();
+         source.inflight[tile.id] = controller;
+         fetch(url, {
+           signal: controller.signal
+         }).then(function (response) {
+           if (!response.ok) {
+             throw new Error(response.status + ' ' + response.statusText);
+           }
 
-               var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-overlay-list')
-                   .data([0]);
+           source.loaded[tile.id] = [];
+           delete source.inflight[tile.id];
+           return response.arrayBuffer();
+         }).then(function (data) {
+           if (!data) {
+             throw new Error('No Data');
+           }
 
-               _overlayList = container.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-overlay-list')
-                   .attr('dir', 'auto')
-                   .merge(container);
+           var z = tile.xyz[2];
 
-               _overlayList
-                   .call(drawListItems, 'checkbox', chooseOverlay, function(d) { return !d.isHidden() && d.overlay; });
+           if (!source.canMerge[z]) {
+             source.canMerge[z] = {}; // initialize mergeCache
            }
 
-           context.map()
-               .on('move.overlay_list',
-                   debounce(function() {
-                       // layers in-view may have changed due to map move
-                       window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
-                   }, 1000)
-               );
-
-           return section;
+           source.loaded[tile.id] = vtToGeoJSON(data, tile, source.canMerge[z]);
+           dispatch.call('loadedData');
+         })["catch"](function () {
+           source.loaded[tile.id] = [];
+           delete source.inflight[tile.id];
+         });
        }
 
-       function uiPaneBackground(context) {
+       var serviceVectorTile = {
+         init: function init() {
+           if (!_vtCache) {
+             this.reset();
+           }
 
-           var backgroundPane = uiPane('background', context)
-               .key(_t('background.key'))
-               .title(_t('background.title'))
-               .description(_t('background.description'))
-               .iconName('iD-icon-layers')
-               .sections([
-                   uiSectionBackgroundList(context),
-                   uiSectionOverlayList(context),
-                   uiSectionBackgroundDisplayOptions(context),
-                   uiSectionBackgroundOffset(context)
-               ]);
+           this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch, 'on');
+         },
+         reset: function reset() {
+           for (var sourceID in _vtCache) {
+             var source = _vtCache[sourceID];
 
-           return backgroundPane;
-       }
+             if (source && source.inflight) {
+               Object.values(source.inflight).forEach(abortRequest);
+             }
+           }
 
-       function uiPaneHelp(context) {
+           _vtCache = {};
+         },
+         addSource: function addSource(sourceID, template) {
+           _vtCache[sourceID] = {
+             template: template,
+             inflight: {},
+             loaded: {},
+             canMerge: {}
+           };
+           return _vtCache[sourceID];
+         },
+         data: function data(sourceID, projection) {
+           var source = _vtCache[sourceID];
+           if (!source) return [];
+           var tiles = tiler.getTiles(projection);
+           var seen = {};
+           var results = [];
 
-           var docKeys = [
-               ['help', [
-                   'welcome',
-                   'open_data_h',
-                   'open_data',
-                   'before_start_h',
-                   'before_start',
-                   'open_source_h',
-                   'open_source',
-                   'open_source_help'
-               ]],
-               ['overview', [
-                   'navigation_h',
-                   'navigation_drag',
-                   'navigation_zoom',
-                   'features_h',
-                   'features',
-                   'nodes_ways'
-               ]],
-               ['editing', [
-                   'select_h',
-                   'select_left_click',
-                   'select_right_click',
-                   'select_space',
-                   'multiselect_h',
-                   'multiselect',
-                   'multiselect_shift_click',
-                   'multiselect_lasso',
-                   'undo_redo_h',
-                   'undo_redo',
-                   'save_h',
-                   'save',
-                   'save_validation',
-                   'upload_h',
-                   'upload',
-                   'backups_h',
-                   'backups',
-                   'keyboard_h',
-                   'keyboard'
-               ]],
-               ['feature_editor', [
-                   'intro',
-                   'definitions',
-                   'type_h',
-                   'type',
-                   'type_picker',
-                   'fields_h',
-                   'fields_all_fields',
-                   'fields_example',
-                   'fields_add_field',
-                   'tags_h',
-                   'tags_all_tags',
-                   'tags_resources'
-               ]],
-               ['points', [
-                   'intro',
-                   'add_point_h',
-                   'add_point',
-                   'add_point_finish',
-                   'move_point_h',
-                   'move_point',
-                   'delete_point_h',
-                   'delete_point',
-                   'delete_point_command'
-               ]],
-               ['lines', [
-                   'intro',
-                   'add_line_h',
-                   'add_line',
-                   'add_line_draw',
-                   'add_line_continue',
-                   'add_line_finish',
-                   'modify_line_h',
-                   'modify_line_dragnode',
-                   'modify_line_addnode',
-                   'connect_line_h',
-                   'connect_line',
-                   'connect_line_display',
-                   'connect_line_drag',
-                   'connect_line_tag',
-                   'disconnect_line_h',
-                   'disconnect_line_command',
-                   'move_line_h',
-                   'move_line_command',
-                   'move_line_connected',
-                   'delete_line_h',
-                   'delete_line',
-                   'delete_line_command'
-               ]],
-               ['areas', [
-                   'intro',
-                   'point_or_area_h',
-                   'point_or_area',
-                   'add_area_h',
-                   'add_area_command',
-                   'add_area_draw',
-                   'add_area_continue',
-                   'add_area_finish',
-                   'square_area_h',
-                   'square_area_command',
-                   'modify_area_h',
-                   'modify_area_dragnode',
-                   'modify_area_addnode',
-                   'delete_area_h',
-                   'delete_area',
-                   'delete_area_command'
-               ]],
-               ['relations', [
-                   'intro',
-                   'edit_relation_h',
-                   'edit_relation',
-                   'edit_relation_add',
-                   'edit_relation_delete',
-                   'maintain_relation_h',
-                   'maintain_relation',
-                   'relation_types_h',
-                   'multipolygon_h',
-                   'multipolygon',
-                   'multipolygon_create',
-                   'multipolygon_merge',
-                   'turn_restriction_h',
-                   'turn_restriction',
-                   'turn_restriction_field',
-                   'turn_restriction_editing',
-                   'route_h',
-                   'route',
-                   'route_add',
-                   'boundary_h',
-                   'boundary',
-                   'boundary_add'
-               ]],
-               ['notes', [
-                   'intro',
-                   'add_note_h',
-                   'add_note',
-                   'place_note',
-                   'move_note',
-                   'update_note_h',
-                   'update_note',
-                   'save_note_h',
-                   'save_note'
-               ]],
-               ['imagery', [
-                   'intro',
-                   'sources_h',
-                   'choosing',
-                   'sources',
-                   'offsets_h',
-                   'offset',
-                   'offset_change'
-               ]],
-               ['streetlevel', [
-                   'intro',
-                   'using_h',
-                   'using',
-                   'photos',
-                   'viewer'
-               ]],
-               ['gps', [
-                   'intro',
-                   'survey',
-                   'using_h',
-                   'using',
-                   'tracing',
-                   'upload'
-               ]],
-               ['qa', [
-                   'intro',
-                   'tools_h',
-                   'tools',
-                   'issues_h',
-                   'issues'
-               ]]
-           ];
+           for (var i = 0; i < tiles.length; i++) {
+             var features = source.loaded[tiles[i].id];
+             if (!features || !features.length) continue;
 
-           var headings = {
-               'help.help.open_data_h': 3,
-               'help.help.before_start_h': 3,
-               'help.help.open_source_h': 3,
-               'help.overview.navigation_h': 3,
-               'help.overview.features_h': 3,
-               'help.editing.select_h': 3,
-               'help.editing.multiselect_h': 3,
-               'help.editing.undo_redo_h': 3,
-               'help.editing.save_h': 3,
-               'help.editing.upload_h': 3,
-               'help.editing.backups_h': 3,
-               'help.editing.keyboard_h': 3,
-               'help.feature_editor.type_h': 3,
-               'help.feature_editor.fields_h': 3,
-               'help.feature_editor.tags_h': 3,
-               'help.points.add_point_h': 3,
-               'help.points.move_point_h': 3,
-               'help.points.delete_point_h': 3,
-               'help.lines.add_line_h': 3,
-               'help.lines.modify_line_h': 3,
-               'help.lines.connect_line_h': 3,
-               'help.lines.disconnect_line_h': 3,
-               'help.lines.move_line_h': 3,
-               'help.lines.delete_line_h': 3,
-               'help.areas.point_or_area_h': 3,
-               'help.areas.add_area_h': 3,
-               'help.areas.square_area_h': 3,
-               'help.areas.modify_area_h': 3,
-               'help.areas.delete_area_h': 3,
-               'help.relations.edit_relation_h': 3,
-               'help.relations.maintain_relation_h': 3,
-               'help.relations.relation_types_h': 2,
-               'help.relations.multipolygon_h': 3,
-               'help.relations.turn_restriction_h': 3,
-               'help.relations.route_h': 3,
-               'help.relations.boundary_h': 3,
-               'help.notes.add_note_h': 3,
-               'help.notes.update_note_h': 3,
-               'help.notes.save_note_h': 3,
-               'help.imagery.sources_h': 3,
-               'help.imagery.offsets_h': 3,
-               'help.streetlevel.using_h': 3,
-               'help.gps.using_h': 3,
-               'help.qa.tools_h': 3,
-               'help.qa.issues_h': 3
-           };
+             for (var j = 0; j < features.length; j++) {
+               var feature = features[j];
+               var hash = feature.__featurehash__;
+               if (seen[hash]) continue;
+               seen[hash] = true; // return a shallow copy, because the hash may change
+               // later if this feature gets merged with another
 
-           // For each section, squash all the texts into a single markdown document
-           var docs = docKeys.map(function(key) {
-               var helpkey = 'help.' + key[0];
-               var helpPaneReplacements = { version: context.version };
-               var text = key[1].reduce(function(all, part) {
-                   var subkey = helpkey + '.' + part;
-                   var depth = headings[subkey];                              // is this subkey a heading?
-                   var hhh = depth ? Array(depth + 1).join('#') + ' ' : '';   // if so, prepend with some ##'s
-                   return all + hhh + helpString(subkey, helpPaneReplacements) + '\n\n';
-               }, '');
+               results.push(Object.assign({}, feature)); // shallow copy
+             }
+           }
 
-               return {
-                   title: _t(helpkey + '.title'),
-                   html: marked_1(text.trim())
-                       // use keyboard key styling for shortcuts
-                       .replace(/<code>/g, '<kbd>')
-                       .replace(/<\/code>/g, '<\/kbd>')
-               };
-           });
+           return results;
+         },
+         loadTiles: function loadTiles(sourceID, template, projection) {
+           var source = _vtCache[sourceID];
 
-           var helpPane = uiPane('help', context)
-               .key(_t('help.key'))
-               .title(_t('help.title'))
-               .description(_t('help.title'))
-               .iconName('iD-icon-help');
+           if (!source) {
+             source = this.addSource(sourceID, template);
+           }
 
-           helpPane.renderContent = function(content) {
+           var tiles = tiler.getTiles(projection); // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
 
-               function clickHelp(d, i) {
-                   var rtl = (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl');
-                   content.property('scrollTop', 0);
-                   helpPane.selection().select('.pane-heading h2').html(d.title);
+           Object.keys(source.inflight).forEach(function (k) {
+             var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) {
+               return k === tile.id;
+             });
 
-                   body.html(d.html);
-                   body.selectAll('a')
-                       .attr('target', '_blank');
-                   menuItems.classed('selected', function(m) {
-                       return m.title === d.title;
-                   });
+             if (!wanted) {
+               abortRequest(source.inflight[k]);
+               delete source.inflight[k];
+             }
+           });
+           tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
+             loadTile(source, tile);
+           });
+         },
+         cache: function cache() {
+           return _vtCache;
+         }
+       };
 
-                   nav.html('');
-                   if (rtl) {
-                       nav.call(drawNext).call(drawPrevious);
-                   } else {
-                       nav.call(drawPrevious).call(drawNext);
-                   }
+       var apibase = 'https://www.wikidata.org/w/api.php?';
+       var _wikidataCache = {};
+       var serviceWikidata = {
+         init: function init() {},
+         reset: function reset() {
+           _wikidataCache = {};
+         },
+         // Search for Wikidata items matching the query
+         itemsForSearchQuery: function itemsForSearchQuery(query, callback) {
+           if (!query) {
+             if (callback) callback('No query', {});
+             return;
+           }
 
+           var lang = this.languagesToQuery()[0];
+           var url = apibase + utilQsString({
+             action: 'wbsearchentities',
+             format: 'json',
+             formatversion: 2,
+             search: query,
+             type: 'item',
+             // the language to search
+             language: lang,
+             // the language for the label and description in the result
+             uselang: lang,
+             limit: 10,
+             origin: '*'
+           });
+           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+             if (result && result.error) {
+               throw new Error(result.error);
+             }
 
-                   function drawNext(selection) {
-                       if (i < docs.length - 1) {
-                           var nextLink = selection
-                               .append('a')
-                               .attr('class', 'next')
-                               .on('click', function() {
-                                   clickHelp(docs[i + 1], i + 1);
-                               });
+             if (callback) callback(null, result.search || {});
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             if (callback) callback(err.message, {});
+           });
+         },
+         // Given a Wikipedia language and article title,
+         // return an array of corresponding Wikidata entities.
+         itemsByTitle: function itemsByTitle(lang, title, callback) {
+           if (!title) {
+             if (callback) callback('No title', {});
+             return;
+           }
 
-                           nextLink
-                               .append('span')
-                               .text(docs[i + 1].title)
-                               .call(svgIcon((rtl ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward'), 'inline'));
-                       }
-                   }
+           lang = lang || 'en';
+           var url = apibase + utilQsString({
+             action: 'wbgetentities',
+             format: 'json',
+             formatversion: 2,
+             sites: lang.replace(/-/g, '_') + 'wiki',
+             titles: title,
+             languages: 'en',
+             // shrink response by filtering to one language
+             origin: '*'
+           });
+           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+             if (result && result.error) {
+               throw new Error(result.error);
+             }
 
+             if (callback) callback(null, result.entities || {});
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             if (callback) callback(err.message, {});
+           });
+         },
+         languagesToQuery: function languagesToQuery() {
+           return _mainLocalizer.localeCodes().map(function (code) {
+             return code.toLowerCase();
+           }).filter(function (code) {
+             // HACK: en-us isn't a wikidata language. We should really be filtering by
+             // the languages known to be supported by wikidata.
+             return code !== 'en-us';
+           });
+         },
+         entityByQID: function entityByQID(qid, callback) {
+           if (!qid) {
+             callback('No qid', {});
+             return;
+           }
 
-                   function drawPrevious(selection) {
-                       if (i > 0) {
-                           var prevLink = selection
-                               .append('a')
-                               .attr('class', 'previous')
-                               .on('click', function() {
-                                   clickHelp(docs[i - 1], i - 1);
-                               });
+           if (_wikidataCache[qid]) {
+             if (callback) callback(null, _wikidataCache[qid]);
+             return;
+           }
 
-                           prevLink
-                               .call(svgIcon((rtl ? '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-backward'), 'inline'))
-                               .append('span')
-                               .text(docs[i - 1].title);
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
+           var langs = this.languagesToQuery();
+           var url = apibase + utilQsString({
+             action: 'wbgetentities',
+             format: 'json',
+             formatversion: 2,
+             ids: qid,
+             props: 'labels|descriptions|claims|sitelinks',
+             sitefilter: langs.map(function (d) {
+               return d + 'wiki';
+             }).join('|'),
+             languages: langs.join('|'),
+             languagefallback: 1,
+             origin: '*'
+           });
+           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+             if (result && result.error) {
+               throw new Error(result.error);
+             }
 
+             if (callback) callback(null, result.entities[qid] || {});
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             if (callback) callback(err.message, {});
+           });
+         },
+         // Pass `params` object of the form:
+         // {
+         //   qid: 'string'      // brand wikidata  (e.g. 'Q37158')
+         // }
+         //
+         // Get an result object used to display tag documentation
+         // {
+         //   title:        'string',
+         //   description:  'string',
+         //   editURL:      'string',
+         //   imageURL:     'string',
+         //   wiki:         { title: 'string', text: 'string', url: 'string' }
+         // }
+         //
+         getDocs: function getDocs(params, callback) {
+           var langs = this.languagesToQuery();
+           this.entityByQID(params.qid, function (err, entity) {
+             if (err || !entity) {
+               callback(err || 'No entity');
+               return;
+             }
 
-               function clickWalkthrough() {
-                   if (context.inIntro()) return;
-                   context.container().call(uiIntro(context));
-                   context.ui().togglePanes();
-               }
+             var i;
+             var description;
 
+             for (i in langs) {
+               var code = langs[i];
 
-               function clickShortcuts() {
-                   context.container().call(uiShortcuts(context), true);
+               if (entity.descriptions[code] && entity.descriptions[code].language === code) {
+                 description = entity.descriptions[code];
+                 break;
                }
+             }
 
-               var toc = content
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'toc');
+             if (!description && Object.values(entity.descriptions).length) description = Object.values(entity.descriptions)[0]; // prepare result
 
-               var menuItems = toc.selectAll('li')
-                   .data(docs)
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .append('a')
-                   .html(function(d) { return d.title; })
-                   .on('click', clickHelp);
-
-               var shortcuts = toc
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'shortcuts')
-                   .call(uiTooltip()
-                       .title(_t('shortcuts.tooltip'))
-                       .keys(['?'])
-                       .placement('top')
-                   )
-                   .append('a')
-                   .on('click', clickShortcuts);
+             var result = {
+               title: entity.id,
+               description: description ? description.value : '',
+               descriptionLocaleCode: description ? description.language : '',
+               editURL: 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/' + entity.id
+             }; // add image
 
-               shortcuts
-                   .append('div')
-                   .text(_t('shortcuts.title'));
+             if (entity.claims) {
+               var imageroot = 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php';
+               var props = ['P154', 'P18']; // logo image, image
 
-               var walkthrough = toc
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'walkthrough')
-                   .append('a')
-                   .on('click', clickWalkthrough);
+               var prop, image;
 
-               walkthrough
-                   .append('svg')
-                   .attr('class', 'logo logo-walkthrough')
-                   .append('use')
-                   .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');
+               for (i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
+                 prop = entity.claims[props[i]];
 
-               walkthrough
-                   .append('div')
-                   .text(_t('splash.walkthrough'));
+                 if (prop && Object.keys(prop).length > 0) {
+                   image = prop[Object.keys(prop)[0]].mainsnak.datavalue.value;
 
+                   if (image) {
+                     result.imageURL = imageroot + '?' + utilQsString({
+                       title: 'Special:Redirect/file/' + image,
+                       width: 400
+                     });
+                     break;
+                   }
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-               var helpContent = content
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'left-content');
+             if (entity.sitelinks) {
+               var englishLocale = _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase() === 'en'; // must be one of these that we requested..
 
-               var body = helpContent
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'body');
+               for (i = 0; i < langs.length; i++) {
+                 // check each, in order of preference
+                 var w = langs[i] + 'wiki';
 
-               var nav = helpContent
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'nav');
+                 if (entity.sitelinks[w]) {
+                   var title = entity.sitelinks[w].title;
+                   var tKey = 'inspector.wiki_reference';
 
-               clickHelp(docs[0], 0);
+                   if (!englishLocale && langs[i] === 'en') {
+                     // user's locale isn't English but
+                     tKey = 'inspector.wiki_en_reference'; // we are sending them to enwiki anyway..
+                   }
 
-           };
+                   result.wiki = {
+                     title: title,
+                     text: tKey,
+                     url: 'https://' + langs[i] + '.wikipedia.org/wiki/' + title.replace(/ /g, '_')
+                   };
+                   break;
+                 }
+               }
+             }
 
-           return helpPane;
-       }
+             callback(null, result);
+           });
+         }
+       };
 
-       function uiSectionValidationIssues(id, severity, context) {
+       var endpoint = 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?';
+       var serviceWikipedia = {
+         init: function init() {},
+         reset: function reset() {},
+         search: function search(lang, query, callback) {
+           if (!query) {
+             if (callback) callback('No Query', []);
+             return;
+           }
 
-           var _issues = [];
+           lang = lang || 'en';
+           var url = endpoint.replace('en', lang) + utilQsString({
+             action: 'query',
+             list: 'search',
+             srlimit: '10',
+             srinfo: 'suggestion',
+             format: 'json',
+             origin: '*',
+             srsearch: query
+           });
+           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+             if (result && result.error) {
+               throw new Error(result.error);
+             } else if (!result || !result.query || !result.query.search) {
+               throw new Error('No Results');
+             }
 
-           var section = uiSection(id, context)
-               .title(function() {
-                   if (!_issues) return '';
-                   var issueCountText = _issues.length > 1000 ? '1000+' : String(_issues.length);
-                   return _t('issues.' + severity + 's.list_title', { count: issueCountText });
-               })
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent)
-               .shouldDisplay(function() {
-                   return _issues && _issues.length;
+             if (callback) {
+               var titles = result.query.search.map(function (d) {
+                 return d.title;
                });
-
-           function getOptions() {
-               return {
-                   what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
-                   where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'
-               };
-           }
-
-           // get and cache the issues to display, unordered
-           function reloadIssues() {
-               _issues = context.validator().getIssuesBySeverity(getOptions())[severity];
+               callback(null, titles);
+             }
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             if (callback) callback(err, []);
+           });
+         },
+         suggestions: function suggestions(lang, query, callback) {
+           if (!query) {
+             if (callback) callback('', []);
+             return;
            }
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-
-               var center = context.map().center();
-               var graph = context.graph();
-
-               // sort issues by distance away from the center of the map
-               var issues = _issues.map(function withDistance(issue) {
-                       var extent = issue.extent(graph);
-                       var dist = extent ? geoSphericalDistance(center, extent.center()) : 0;
-                       return Object.assign(issue, { dist: dist });
-                   })
-                   .sort(function byDistance(a, b) {
-                       return a.dist - b.dist;
-                   });
-
-               // cut off at 1000
-               issues = issues.slice(0, 1000);
-
-               //renderIgnoredIssuesReset(_warningsSelection);
+           lang = lang || 'en';
+           var url = endpoint.replace('en', lang) + utilQsString({
+             action: 'opensearch',
+             namespace: 0,
+             suggest: '',
+             format: 'json',
+             origin: '*',
+             search: query
+           });
+           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+             if (result && result.error) {
+               throw new Error(result.error);
+             } else if (!result || result.length < 2) {
+               throw new Error('No Results');
+             }
 
-               selection
-                   .call(drawIssuesList, issues);
+             if (callback) callback(null, result[1] || []);
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             if (callback) callback(err.message, []);
+           });
+         },
+         translations: function translations(lang, title, callback) {
+           if (!title) {
+             if (callback) callback('No Title');
+             return;
            }
 
-           function drawIssuesList(selection, issues) {
-               var list = selection.selectAll('.issues-list')
-                   .data([0]);
-
-               list = list.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-list issues-list ' + severity + 's-list')
-                   .merge(list);
+           var url = endpoint.replace('en', lang) + utilQsString({
+             action: 'query',
+             prop: 'langlinks',
+             format: 'json',
+             origin: '*',
+             lllimit: 500,
+             titles: title
+           });
+           d3_json(url).then(function (result) {
+             if (result && result.error) {
+               throw new Error(result.error);
+             } else if (!result || !result.query || !result.query.pages) {
+               throw new Error('No Results');
+             }
 
+             if (callback) {
+               var list = result.query.pages[Object.keys(result.query.pages)[0]];
+               var translations = {};
 
-               var items = list.selectAll('li')
-                   .data(issues, function(d) { return d.id; });
+               if (list && list.langlinks) {
+                 list.langlinks.forEach(function (d) {
+                   translations[d.lang] = d['*'];
+                 });
+               }
 
-               // Exit
-               items.exit()
-                   .remove();
+               callback(null, translations);
+             }
+           })["catch"](function (err) {
+             if (callback) callback(err.message);
+           });
+         }
+       };
 
-               // Enter
-               var itemsEnter = items.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', function (d) { return 'issue severity-' + d.severity; })
-                   .on('click', function(d) {
-                       context.validator().focusIssue(d);
-                   })
-                   .on('mouseover', function(d) {
-                       utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, true, context);
-                   })
-                   .on('mouseout', function(d) {
-                       utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, false, context);
-                   });
+       var services = {
+         geocoder: serviceNominatim,
+         keepRight: serviceKeepRight,
+         improveOSM: serviceImproveOSM,
+         osmose: serviceOsmose,
+         mapillary: serviceMapillary,
+         nsi: serviceNsi,
+         kartaview: serviceKartaview,
+         osm: serviceOsm,
+         osmWikibase: serviceOsmWikibase,
+         maprules: serviceMapRules,
+         streetside: serviceStreetside,
+         taginfo: serviceTaginfo,
+         vectorTile: serviceVectorTile,
+         wikidata: serviceWikidata,
+         wikipedia: serviceWikipedia
+       };
 
+       function modeDragNote(context) {
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'drag-note',
+           button: 'browse'
+         };
+         var edit = behaviorEdit(context);
 
-               var labelsEnter = itemsEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-label');
-
-               var textEnter = labelsEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-text');
-
-               textEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-icon')
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       var iconName = '#iD-icon-' + (d.severity === 'warning' ? 'alert' : 'error');
-                       select(this)
-                           .call(svgIcon(iconName));
-                   });
+         var _nudgeInterval;
 
-               textEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-message');
+         var _lastLoc;
 
-               /*
-               labelsEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-autofix')
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       if (!d.autoFix) return;
-
-                       d3_select(this)
-                           .append('button')
-                           .attr('title', t('issues.fix_one.title'))
-                           .datum(d.autoFix)  // set button datum to the autofix
-                           .attr('class', 'autofix action')
-                           .on('click', function(d) {
-                               d3_event.preventDefault();
-                               d3_event.stopPropagation();
-
-                               var issuesEntityIDs = d.issue.entityIds;
-                               utilHighlightEntities(issuesEntityIDs.concat(d.entityIds), false, context);
-
-                               context.perform.apply(context, d.autoArgs);
-                               context.validator().validate();
-                           })
-                           .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-wrench'));
-                   });
-               */
+         var _note; // most current note.. dragged note may have stale datum.
 
-               // Update
-               items = items
-                   .merge(itemsEnter)
-                   .order();
 
-               items.selectAll('.issue-message')
-                   .text(function(d) {
-                       return d.message(context);
-                   });
+         function startNudge(d3_event, nudge) {
+           if (_nudgeInterval) window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
+           _nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function () {
+             context.map().pan(nudge);
+             doMove(d3_event, nudge);
+           }, 50);
+         }
 
-               /*
-               // autofix
-               var canAutoFix = issues.filter(function(issue) { return issue.autoFix; });
-
-               var autoFixAll = selection.selectAll('.autofix-all')
-                   .data(canAutoFix.length ? [0] : []);
-
-               // exit
-               autoFixAll.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // enter
-               var autoFixAllEnter = autoFixAll.enter()
-                   .insert('div', '.issues-list')
-                   .attr('class', 'autofix-all');
-
-               var linkEnter = autoFixAllEnter
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'autofix-all-link')
-                   .attr('href', '#');
-
-               linkEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'autofix-all-link-text')
-                   .text(t('issues.fix_all.title'));
-
-               linkEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'autofix-all-link-icon')
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-wrench'));
-
-               if (severity === 'warning') {
-                   renderIgnoredIssuesReset(selection);
-               }
-
-               // update
-               autoFixAll = autoFixAll
-                   .merge(autoFixAllEnter);
-
-               autoFixAll.selectAll('.autofix-all-link')
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       context.pauseChangeDispatch();
-                       context.perform(actionNoop());
-                       canAutoFix.forEach(function(issue) {
-                           var args = issue.autoFix.autoArgs.slice();  // copy
-                           if (typeof args[args.length - 1] !== 'function') {
-                               args.pop();
-                           }
-                           args.push(t('issues.fix_all.annotation'));
-                           context.replace.apply(context, args);
-                       });
-                       context.resumeChangeDispatch();
-                       context.validator().validate();
-                   });
-               */
+         function stopNudge() {
+           if (_nudgeInterval) {
+             window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
+             _nudgeInterval = null;
            }
+         }
 
-           context.validator().on('validated.uiSectionValidationIssues' + id, function() {
-               window.requestIdleCallback(function() {
-                   reloadIssues();
-                   section.reRender();
-               });
-           });
+         function origin(note) {
+           return context.projection(note.loc);
+         }
 
-           context.map().on('move.uiSectionValidationIssues' + id,
-               debounce(function() {
-                   window.requestIdleCallback(function() {
-                       if (getOptions().where === 'visible') {
-                           // must refetch issues if they are viewport-dependent
-                           reloadIssues();
-                       }
-                       // always reload list to re-sort-by-distance
-                       section.reRender();
-                   });
-               }, 1000)
-           );
+         function start(d3_event, note) {
+           _note = note;
+           var osm = services.osm;
+
+           if (osm) {
+             // Get latest note from cache.. The marker may have a stale datum bound to it
+             // and dragging it around can sometimes delete the users note comment.
+             _note = osm.getNote(_note.id);
+           }
 
-           return section;
-       }
+           context.surface().selectAll('.note-' + _note.id).classed('active', true);
+           context.perform(actionNoop());
+           context.enter(mode);
+           context.selectedNoteID(_note.id);
+         }
 
-       function uiSectionValidationOptions(context) {
+         function move(d3_event, entity, point) {
+           d3_event.stopPropagation();
+           _lastLoc = context.projection.invert(point);
+           doMove(d3_event);
+           var nudge = geoViewportEdge(point, context.map().dimensions());
 
-           var section = uiSection('issues-options', context)
-               .content(renderContent);
+           if (nudge) {
+             startNudge(d3_event, nudge);
+           } else {
+             stopNudge();
+           }
+         }
 
-           function renderContent(selection) {
+         function doMove(d3_event, nudge) {
+           nudge = nudge || [0, 0];
+           var currPoint = d3_event && d3_event.point || context.projection(_lastLoc);
+           var currMouse = geoVecSubtract(currPoint, nudge);
+           var loc = context.projection.invert(currMouse);
+           _note = _note.move(loc);
+           var osm = services.osm;
 
-               var container = selection.selectAll('.issues-options-container')
-                   .data([0]);
+           if (osm) {
+             osm.replaceNote(_note); // update note cache
+           }
 
-               container = container.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'issues-options-container')
-                   .merge(container);
+           context.replace(actionNoop()); // trigger redraw
+         }
 
-               var data = [
-                   { key: 'what', values: ['edited', 'all'] },
-                   { key: 'where', values: ['visible', 'all'] }
-               ];
+         function end() {
+           context.replace(actionNoop()); // trigger redraw
 
-               var options = container.selectAll('.issues-option')
-                   .data(data, function(d) { return d.key; });
+           context.selectedNoteID(_note.id).enter(modeSelectNote(context, _note.id));
+         }
 
-               var optionsEnter = options.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'issues-option issues-option-' + d.key; });
+         var drag = behaviorDrag().selector('.layer-touch.markers .target.note.new').surface(context.container().select('.main-map').node()).origin(origin).on('start', start).on('move', move).on('end', end);
 
-               optionsEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'issues-option-title')
-                   .text(function(d) { return _t('issues.options.' + d.key + '.title'); });
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           context.install(edit);
+         };
 
-               var valuesEnter = optionsEnter.selectAll('label')
-                   .data(function(d) {
-                       return d.values.map(function(val) { return { value: val, key: d.key }; });
-                   })
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('label');
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
+           context.uninstall(edit);
+           context.surface().selectAll('.active').classed('active', false);
+           stopNudge();
+         };
 
-               valuesEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'radio')
-                   .attr('name', function(d) { return 'issues-option-' + d.key; })
-                   .attr('value', function(d) { return d.value; })
-                   .property('checked', function(d) { return getOptions()[d.key] === d.value; })
-                   .on('change', function(d) { updateOptionValue(d.key, d.value); });
+         mode.behavior = drag;
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-               valuesEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(function(d) { return _t('issues.options.' + d.key + '.' + d.value); });
-           }
+       function modeSelectData(context, selectedDatum) {
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'select-data',
+           button: 'browse'
+         };
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('select-data');
+         var dataEditor = uiDataEditor(context);
+         var behaviors = [behaviorBreathe(), behaviorHover(context), behaviorSelect(context), behaviorLasso(context), modeDragNode(context).behavior, modeDragNote(context).behavior]; // class the data as selected, or return to browse mode if the data is gone
 
-           function getOptions() {
-               return {
-                   what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',  // 'all', 'edited'
-                   where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'    // 'all', 'visible'
-               };
-           }
+         function selectData(d3_event, drawn) {
+           var selection = context.surface().selectAll('.layer-mapdata .data' + selectedDatum.__featurehash__);
 
-           function updateOptionValue(d, val) {
-               if (!val && event && event.target) {
-                   val = event.target.value;
-               }
+           if (selection.empty()) {
+             // Return to browse mode if selected DOM elements have
+             // disappeared because the user moved them out of view..
+             var source = d3_event && d3_event.type === 'zoom' && d3_event.sourceEvent;
 
-               corePreferences('validate-' + d, val);
-               context.validator().validate();
+             if (drawn && source && (source.type === 'pointermove' || source.type === 'mousemove' || source.type === 'touchmove')) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             }
+           } else {
+             selection.classed('selected', true);
            }
+         }
 
-           return section;
-       }
-
-       function uiSectionValidationRules(context) {
+         function esc() {
+           if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+         }
 
-           var MINSQUARE = 0;
-           var MAXSQUARE = 20;
-           var DEFAULTSQUARE = 5;  // see also unsquare_way.js
+         mode.zoomToSelected = function () {
+           var extent = geoExtent(d3_geoBounds(selectedDatum));
+           context.map().centerZoomEase(extent.center(), context.map().trimmedExtentZoom(extent));
+         };
 
-           var section = uiSection('issues-rules', context)
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent)
-               .title(_t('issues.rules.title'));
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           behaviors.forEach(context.install);
+           keybinding.on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected).on('⎋', esc, true);
+           select(document).call(keybinding);
+           selectData();
+           var sidebar = context.ui().sidebar;
+           sidebar.show(dataEditor.datum(selectedDatum)); // expand the sidebar, avoid obscuring the data if needed
 
-           var _ruleKeys = context.validator().getRuleKeys()
-               .filter(function(key) { return key !== 'maprules'; })
-               .sort(function(key1, key2) {
-                   // alphabetize by localized title
-                   return _t('issues.' + key1 + '.title') < _t('issues.' + key2 + '.title') ? -1 : 1;
-               });
+           var extent = geoExtent(d3_geoBounds(selectedDatum));
+           sidebar.expand(sidebar.intersects(extent));
+           context.map().on('drawn.select-data', selectData);
+         };
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-               var container = selection.selectAll('.issues-rulelist-container')
-                   .data([0]);
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+           context.surface().selectAll('.layer-mapdata .selected').classed('selected hover', false);
+           context.map().on('drawn.select-data', null);
+           context.ui().sidebar.hide();
+         };
 
-               var containerEnter = container.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'issues-rulelist-container');
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-               containerEnter
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-list issue-rules-list');
+       function behaviorSelect(context) {
+         var _tolerancePx = 4; // see also behaviorDrag
 
-               var ruleLinks = containerEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-rules-links section-footer');
-
-               ruleLinks
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-rules-link')
-                   .attr('href', '#')
-                   .text(_t('issues.enable_all'))
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       context.validator().disableRules([]);
-                   });
+         var _lastMouseEvent = null;
+         var _showMenu = false;
+         var _downPointers = {};
+         var _longPressTimeout = null;
+         var _lastInteractionType = null; // the id of the down pointer that's enabling multiselection while down
 
-               ruleLinks
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'issue-rules-link')
-                   .attr('href', '#')
-                   .text(_t('issues.disable_all'))
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       context.validator().disableRules(_ruleKeys);
-                   });
+         var _multiselectionPointerId = null; // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
 
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-               // Update
-               container = container
-                   .merge(containerEnter);
+         function keydown(d3_event) {
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === 32) {
+             // don't react to spacebar events during text input
+             var activeNode = document.activeElement;
+             if (activeNode && new Set(['INPUT', 'TEXTAREA']).has(activeNode.nodeName)) return;
+           }
 
-               container.selectAll('.issue-rules-list')
-                   .call(drawListItems, _ruleKeys, 'checkbox', 'rule', toggleRule, isRuleEnabled);
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === 93 || // context menu key
+           d3_event.keyCode === 32) {
+             // spacebar
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
            }
 
-           function drawListItems(selection, data, type, name, change, active) {
-               var items = selection.selectAll('li')
-                   .data(data);
+           if (d3_event.repeat) return; // ignore repeated events for held keys
+           // if any key is pressed the user is probably doing something other than long-pressing
 
-               // Exit
-               items.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           cancelLongPress();
 
-               // Enter
-               var enter = items.enter()
-                   .append('li');
+           if (d3_event.shiftKey) {
+             context.surface().classed('behavior-multiselect', true);
+           }
 
-               if (name === 'rule') {
-                   enter
-                       .call(uiTooltip()
-                           .title(function(d) { return _t('issues.' + d + '.tip'); })
-                           .placement('top')
-                       );
-               }
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === 32) {
+             // spacebar
+             if (!_downPointers.spacebar && _lastMouseEvent) {
+               cancelLongPress();
+               _longPressTimeout = window.setTimeout(didLongPress, 500, 'spacebar', 'spacebar');
+               _downPointers.spacebar = {
+                 firstEvent: _lastMouseEvent,
+                 lastEvent: _lastMouseEvent
+               };
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-               var label = enter
-                   .append('label');
+         function keyup(d3_event) {
+           cancelLongPress();
 
-               label
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', type)
-                   .attr('name', name)
-                   .on('change', change);
+           if (!d3_event.shiftKey) {
+             context.surface().classed('behavior-multiselect', false);
+           }
 
-               label
-                   .append('span')
-                   .html(function(d) {
-                       var params = {};
-                       if (d === 'unsquare_way') {
-                           params.val = '<span class="square-degrees"></span>';
-                       }
-                       return _t('issues.' + d + '.title', params);
-                   });
+           if (d3_event.keyCode === 93) {
+             // context menu key
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             _lastInteractionType = 'menukey';
+             contextmenu(d3_event);
+           } else if (d3_event.keyCode === 32) {
+             // spacebar
+             var pointer = _downPointers.spacebar;
 
-               // Update
-               items = items
-                   .merge(enter);
-
-               items
-                   .classed('active', active)
-                   .selectAll('input')
-                   .property('checked', active)
-                   .property('indeterminate', false);
-
-
-               // user-configurable square threshold
-               var degStr = corePreferences('validate-square-degrees');
-               if (degStr === null) {
-                   degStr = '' + DEFAULTSQUARE;
-               }
-
-               var span = items.selectAll('.square-degrees');
-               var input = span.selectAll('.square-degrees-input')
-                   .data([0]);
-
-               // enter / update
-               input.enter()
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'number')
-                   .attr('min', '' + MINSQUARE)
-                   .attr('max', '' + MAXSQUARE)
-                   .attr('step', '0.5')
-                   .attr('class', 'square-degrees-input')
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .on('click', function () {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                       this.select();
-                   })
-                   .on('keyup', function () {
-                       if (event.keyCode === 13) { // enter
-                           this.blur();
-                           this.select();
-                       }
-                   })
-                   .on('blur', changeSquare)
-                   .merge(input)
-                   .property('value', degStr);
+             if (pointer) {
+               delete _downPointers.spacebar;
+               if (pointer.done) return;
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+               _lastInteractionType = 'spacebar';
+               click(pointer.firstEvent, pointer.lastEvent, 'spacebar');
+             }
            }
+         }
 
-           function changeSquare() {
-               var input = select(this);
-               var degStr = utilGetSetValue(input).trim();
-               var degNum = parseFloat(degStr, 10);
+         function pointerdown(d3_event) {
+           var id = (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
+           cancelLongPress();
+           if (d3_event.buttons && d3_event.buttons !== 1) return;
+           context.ui().closeEditMenu();
+           _longPressTimeout = window.setTimeout(didLongPress, 500, id, 'longdown-' + (d3_event.pointerType || 'mouse'));
+           _downPointers[id] = {
+             firstEvent: d3_event,
+             lastEvent: d3_event
+           };
+         }
 
-               if (!isFinite(degNum)) {
-                   degNum = DEFAULTSQUARE;
-               } else if (degNum > MAXSQUARE) {
-                   degNum = MAXSQUARE;
-               } else if (degNum < MINSQUARE) {
-                   degNum = MINSQUARE;
-               }
+         function didLongPress(id, interactionType) {
+           var pointer = _downPointers[id];
+           if (!pointer) return;
 
-               degNum = Math.round(degNum * 10 ) / 10;   // round to 1 decimal
-               degStr = '' + degNum;
+           for (var i in _downPointers) {
+             // don't allow this or any currently down pointer to trigger another click
+             _downPointers[i].done = true;
+           } // treat long presses like right-clicks
 
-               input
-                   .property('value', degStr);
 
-               corePreferences('validate-square-degrees', degStr);
-               context.validator().reloadUnsquareIssues();
-           }
+           _longPressTimeout = null;
+           _lastInteractionType = interactionType;
+           _showMenu = true;
+           click(pointer.firstEvent, pointer.lastEvent, id);
+         }
 
-           function isRuleEnabled(d) {
-               return context.validator().isRuleEnabled(d);
-           }
+         function pointermove(d3_event) {
+           var id = (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
 
-           function toggleRule(d) {
-               context.validator().toggleRule(d);
+           if (_downPointers[id]) {
+             _downPointers[id].lastEvent = d3_event;
            }
 
-           context.validator().on('validated.uiSectionValidationRules', function() {
-               window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
-           });
-
-           return section;
-       }
+           if (!d3_event.pointerType || d3_event.pointerType === 'mouse') {
+             _lastMouseEvent = d3_event;
 
-       function uiSectionValidationStatus(context) {
+             if (_downPointers.spacebar) {
+               _downPointers.spacebar.lastEvent = d3_event;
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-           var section = uiSection('issues-status', context)
-               .content(renderContent)
-               .shouldDisplay(function() {
-                   var issues = context.validator().getIssues(getOptions());
-                   return issues.length === 0;
-               });
+         function pointerup(d3_event) {
+           var id = (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
+           var pointer = _downPointers[id];
+           if (!pointer) return;
+           delete _downPointers[id];
 
-           function getOptions() {
-               return {
-                   what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
-                   where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'
-               };
+           if (_multiselectionPointerId === id) {
+             _multiselectionPointerId = null;
            }
 
-           function renderContent(selection) {
+           if (pointer.done) return;
+           click(pointer.firstEvent, d3_event, id);
+         }
 
-               var box = selection.selectAll('.box')
-                   .data([0]);
+         function pointercancel(d3_event) {
+           var id = (d3_event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
+           if (!_downPointers[id]) return;
+           delete _downPointers[id];
 
-               var boxEnter = box.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'box');
+           if (_multiselectionPointerId === id) {
+             _multiselectionPointerId = null;
+           }
+         }
 
-               boxEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-apply', 'pre-text'));
+         function contextmenu(d3_event) {
+           d3_event.preventDefault();
 
-               var noIssuesMessage = boxEnter
-                   .append('span');
+           if (!+d3_event.clientX && !+d3_event.clientY) {
+             if (_lastMouseEvent) {
+               d3_event.sourceEvent = _lastMouseEvent;
+             } else {
+               return;
+             }
+           } else {
+             _lastMouseEvent = d3_event;
+             _lastInteractionType = 'rightclick';
+           }
 
-               noIssuesMessage
-                   .append('strong')
-                   .attr('class', 'message');
+           _showMenu = true;
+           click(d3_event, d3_event);
+         }
 
-               noIssuesMessage
-                   .append('br');
+         function click(firstEvent, lastEvent, pointerId) {
+           cancelLongPress();
+           var mapNode = context.container().select('.main-map').node(); // Use the `main-map` coordinate system since the surface and supersurface
+           // are transformed when drag-panning.
 
-               noIssuesMessage
-                   .append('span')
-                   .attr('class', 'details');
+           var pointGetter = utilFastMouse(mapNode);
+           var p1 = pointGetter(firstEvent);
+           var p2 = pointGetter(lastEvent);
+           var dist = geoVecLength(p1, p2);
 
-               renderIgnoredIssuesReset(selection);
-               setNoIssuesText(selection);
+           if (dist > _tolerancePx || !mapContains(lastEvent)) {
+             resetProperties();
+             return;
            }
 
-           function renderIgnoredIssuesReset(selection) {
-
-               var ignoredIssues = context.validator()
-                   .getIssues({ what: 'all', where: 'all', includeDisabledRules: true, includeIgnored: 'only' });
+           var targetDatum = lastEvent.target.__data__;
+           var multiselectEntityId;
 
-               var resetIgnored = selection.selectAll('.reset-ignored')
-                   .data(ignoredIssues.length ? [0] : []);
+           if (!_multiselectionPointerId) {
+             // If a different pointer than the one triggering this click is down on a
+             // feature, treat this and all future clicks as multiselection until that
+             // pointer is raised.
+             var selectPointerInfo = pointerDownOnSelection(pointerId);
 
-               // exit
-               resetIgnored.exit()
-                   .remove();
+             if (selectPointerInfo) {
+               _multiselectionPointerId = selectPointerInfo.pointerId; // if the other feature isn't selected yet, make sure we select it
 
-               // enter
-               var resetIgnoredEnter = resetIgnored.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'reset-ignored section-footer');
+               multiselectEntityId = !selectPointerInfo.selected && selectPointerInfo.entityId;
+               _downPointers[selectPointerInfo.pointerId].done = true;
+             }
+           } // support multiselect if data is already selected
 
-               resetIgnoredEnter
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('href', '#');
 
-               // update
-               resetIgnored = resetIgnored
-                   .merge(resetIgnoredEnter);
+           var isMultiselect = context.mode().id === 'select' && ( // and shift key is down
+           lastEvent && lastEvent.shiftKey || // or we're lasso-selecting
+           context.surface().select('.lasso').node() || // or a pointer is down over a selected feature
+           _multiselectionPointerId && !multiselectEntityId);
 
-               resetIgnored.select('a')
-                   .text(_t('issues.reset_ignored', { count: ignoredIssues.length.toString() }));
+           processClick(targetDatum, isMultiselect, p2, multiselectEntityId);
 
-               resetIgnored.on('click', function() {
-                   context.validator().resetIgnoredIssues();
-               });
+           function mapContains(event) {
+             var rect = mapNode.getBoundingClientRect();
+             return event.clientX >= rect.left && event.clientX <= rect.right && event.clientY >= rect.top && event.clientY <= rect.bottom;
            }
 
-           function setNoIssuesText(selection) {
+           function pointerDownOnSelection(skipPointerId) {
+             var mode = context.mode();
+             var selectedIDs = mode.id === 'select' ? mode.selectedIDs() : [];
 
-               var opts = getOptions();
+             for (var pointerId in _downPointers) {
+               if (pointerId === 'spacebar' || pointerId === skipPointerId) continue;
+               var pointerInfo = _downPointers[pointerId];
+               var p1 = pointGetter(pointerInfo.firstEvent);
+               var p2 = pointGetter(pointerInfo.lastEvent);
+               if (geoVecLength(p1, p2) > _tolerancePx) continue;
+               var datum = pointerInfo.firstEvent.target.__data__;
+               var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity || datum;
 
-               function checkForHiddenIssues(cases) {
-                   for (var type in cases) {
-                       var hiddenOpts = cases[type];
-                       var hiddenIssues = context.validator().getIssues(hiddenOpts);
-                       if (hiddenIssues.length) {
-                           selection.select('.box .details')
-                               .text(_t(
-                                   'issues.no_issues.hidden_issues.' + type,
-                                   { count: hiddenIssues.length.toString() }
-                               ));
-                           return;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   selection.select('.box .details')
-                       .text(_t('issues.no_issues.hidden_issues.none'));
+               if (context.graph().hasEntity(entity.id)) {
+                 return {
+                   pointerId: pointerId,
+                   entityId: entity.id,
+                   selected: selectedIDs.indexOf(entity.id) !== -1
+                 };
                }
+             }
 
-               var messageType;
+             return null;
+           }
+         }
 
-               if (opts.what === 'edited' && opts.where === 'visible') {
+         function processClick(datum, isMultiselect, point, alsoSelectId) {
+           var mode = context.mode();
+           var showMenu = _showMenu;
+           var interactionType = _lastInteractionType;
+           var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
+           if (entity) datum = entity;
 
-                   messageType = 'edits_in_view';
+           if (datum && datum.type === 'midpoint') {
+             // treat targeting midpoints as if targeting the parent way
+             datum = datum.parents[0];
+           }
 
-                   checkForHiddenIssues({
-                       elsewhere: { what: 'edited', where: 'all' },
-                       everything_else: { what: 'all', where: 'visible' },
-                       disabled_rules: { what: 'edited', where: 'visible', includeDisabledRules: 'only' },
-                       everything_else_elsewhere: { what: 'all', where: 'all' },
-                       disabled_rules_elsewhere: { what: 'edited', where: 'all', includeDisabledRules: 'only' },
-                       ignored_issues: { what: 'edited', where: 'visible', includeIgnored: 'only' },
-                       ignored_issues_elsewhere: { what: 'edited', where: 'all', includeIgnored: 'only' }
-                   });
+           var newMode;
 
-               } else if (opts.what === 'edited' && opts.where === 'all') {
+           if (datum instanceof osmEntity) {
+             // targeting an entity
+             var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs();
+             context.selectedNoteID(null);
+             context.selectedErrorID(null);
 
-                   messageType = 'edits';
+             if (!isMultiselect) {
+               // don't change the selection if we're toggling the menu atop a multiselection
+               if (!showMenu || selectedIDs.length <= 1 || selectedIDs.indexOf(datum.id) === -1) {
+                 if (alsoSelectId === datum.id) alsoSelectId = null;
+                 selectedIDs = (alsoSelectId ? [alsoSelectId] : []).concat([datum.id]); // always enter modeSelect even if the entity is already
+                 // selected since listeners may expect `context.enter` events,
+                 // e.g. in the walkthrough
 
-                   checkForHiddenIssues({
-                       everything_else: { what: 'all', where: 'all' },
-                       disabled_rules: { what: 'edited', where: 'all', includeDisabledRules: 'only' },
-                       ignored_issues: { what: 'edited', where: 'all', includeIgnored: 'only' }
+                 newMode = mode.id === 'select' ? mode.selectedIDs(selectedIDs) : modeSelect(context, selectedIDs).selectBehavior(behavior);
+                 context.enter(newMode);
+               }
+             } else {
+               if (selectedIDs.indexOf(datum.id) !== -1) {
+                 // clicked entity is already in the selectedIDs list..
+                 if (!showMenu) {
+                   // deselect clicked entity, then reenter select mode or return to browse mode..
+                   selectedIDs = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
+                     return id !== datum.id;
                    });
+                   newMode = selectedIDs.length ? mode.selectedIDs(selectedIDs) : modeBrowse(context).selectBehavior(behavior);
+                   context.enter(newMode);
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 // clicked entity is not in the selected list, add it..
+                 selectedIDs = selectedIDs.concat([datum.id]);
+                 newMode = mode.selectedIDs(selectedIDs);
+                 context.enter(newMode);
+               }
+             }
+           } else if (datum && datum.__featurehash__ && !isMultiselect) {
+             // targeting custom data
+             context.selectedNoteID(null).enter(modeSelectData(context, datum));
+           } else if (datum instanceof osmNote && !isMultiselect) {
+             // targeting a note
+             context.selectedNoteID(datum.id).enter(modeSelectNote(context, datum.id));
+           } else if (datum instanceof QAItem & !isMultiselect) {
+             // targeting an external QA issue
+             context.selectedErrorID(datum.id).enter(modeSelectError(context, datum.id, datum.service));
+           } else {
+             // targeting nothing
+             context.selectedNoteID(null);
+             context.selectedErrorID(null);
 
-               } else if (opts.what === 'all' && opts.where === 'visible') {
-
-                   messageType = 'everything_in_view';
-
-                   checkForHiddenIssues({
-                       elsewhere: { what: 'all', where: 'all' },
-                       disabled_rules: { what: 'all', where: 'visible', includeDisabledRules: 'only' },
-                       disabled_rules_elsewhere: { what: 'all', where: 'all', includeDisabledRules: 'only' },
-                       ignored_issues: { what: 'all', where: 'visible', includeIgnored: 'only' },
-                       ignored_issues_elsewhere: { what: 'all', where: 'all', includeIgnored: 'only' }
-                   });
-               } else if (opts.what === 'all' && opts.where === 'all') {
+             if (!isMultiselect && mode.id !== 'browse') {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             }
+           }
 
-                   messageType = 'everything';
+           context.ui().closeEditMenu(); // always request to show the edit menu in case the mode needs it
 
-                   checkForHiddenIssues({
-                       disabled_rules: { what: 'all', where: 'all', includeDisabledRules: 'only' },
-                       ignored_issues: { what: 'all', where: 'all', includeIgnored: 'only' }
-                   });
-               }
+           if (showMenu) context.ui().showEditMenu(point, interactionType);
+           resetProperties();
+         }
 
-               if (opts.what === 'edited' && context.history().difference().summary().length === 0) {
-                   messageType = 'no_edits';
-               }
+         function cancelLongPress() {
+           if (_longPressTimeout) window.clearTimeout(_longPressTimeout);
+           _longPressTimeout = null;
+         }
 
-               selection.select('.box .message')
-                   .text(_t('issues.no_issues.message.' + messageType));
+         function resetProperties() {
+           cancelLongPress();
+           _showMenu = false;
+           _lastInteractionType = null; // don't reset _lastMouseEvent since it might still be useful
+         }
 
-           }
+         function behavior(selection) {
+           resetProperties();
+           _lastMouseEvent = context.map().lastPointerEvent();
+           select(window).on('keydown.select', keydown).on('keyup.select', keyup).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.select', pointermove, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.select', pointerup, true).on('pointercancel.select', pointercancel, true).on('contextmenu.select-window', function (d3_event) {
+             // Edge and IE really like to show the contextmenu on the
+             // menubar when user presses a keyboard menu button
+             // even after we've already preventdefaulted the key event.
+             var e = d3_event;
 
-           context.validator().on('validated.uiSectionValidationStatus', function() {
-               window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
+             if (+e.clientX === 0 && +e.clientY === 0) {
+               d3_event.preventDefault();
+             }
            });
+           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.select', pointerdown).on('contextmenu.select', contextmenu);
+           /*if (d3_event && d3_event.shiftKey) {
+               context.surface()
+                   .classed('behavior-multiselect', true);
+           }*/
+         }
 
-           context.map().on('move.uiSectionValidationStatus',
-               debounce(function() {
-                   window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
-               }, 1000)
-           );
+         behavior.off = function (selection) {
+           cancelLongPress();
+           select(window).on('keydown.select', null).on('keyup.select', null).on('contextmenu.select-window', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.select', null, true).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.select', null, true).on('pointercancel.select', null, true);
+           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.select', null).on('contextmenu.select', null);
+           context.surface().classed('behavior-multiselect', false);
+         };
 
-           return section;
+         return behavior;
        }
 
-       function uiPaneIssues(context) {
-
-           var issuesPane = uiPane('issues', context)
-               .key(_t('issues.key'))
-               .title(_t('issues.title'))
-               .description(_t('issues.title'))
-               .iconName('iD-icon-alert')
-               .sections([
-                   uiSectionValidationOptions(context),
-                   uiSectionValidationStatus(context),
-                   uiSectionValidationIssues('issues-errors', 'error', context),
-                   uiSectionValidationIssues('issues-warnings', 'warning', context),
-                   uiSectionValidationRules(context)
-               ]);
+       function operationContinue(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _entities = selectedIDs.map(function (id) {
+           return context.graph().entity(id);
+         });
 
-           return issuesPane;
-       }
+         var _geometries = Object.assign({
+           line: [],
+           vertex: []
+         }, utilArrayGroupBy(_entities, function (entity) {
+           return entity.geometry(context.graph());
+         }));
 
-       function uiSettingsCustomData(context) {
-           var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
+         var _vertex = _geometries.vertex.length && _geometries.vertex[0];
 
-           function render(selection) {
-               var dataLayer = context.layers().layer('data');
+         function candidateWays() {
+           return _vertex ? context.graph().parentWays(_vertex).filter(function (parent) {
+             return parent.geometry(context.graph()) === 'line' && !parent.isClosed() && parent.affix(_vertex.id) && (_geometries.line.length === 0 || _geometries.line[0] === parent);
+           }) : [];
+         }
 
-               // keep separate copies of original and current settings
-               var _origSettings = {
-                   fileList: (dataLayer && dataLayer.fileList()) || null,
-                   url: corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url')
-               };
-               var _currSettings = {
-                   fileList: (dataLayer && dataLayer.fileList()) || null,
-                   url: corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url')
-               };
+         var _candidates = candidateWays();
 
-               // var example = 'https://{switch:a,b,c}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{zoom}/{x}/{y}.png';
-               var modal = uiConfirm(selection).okButton();
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           var candidate = _candidates[0];
+           context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, candidate.id, context.graph(), 'line', candidate.affix(_vertex.id), true));
+         };
 
-               modal
-                   .classed('settings-modal settings-custom-data', true);
+         operation.relatedEntityIds = function () {
+           return _candidates.length ? [_candidates[0].id] : [];
+         };
 
-               modal.select('.modal-section.header')
-                   .append('h3')
-                   .text(_t('settings.custom_data.header'));
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return _geometries.vertex.length === 1 && _geometries.line.length <= 1 && !context.features().hasHiddenConnections(_vertex, context.graph());
+         };
 
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (_candidates.length === 0) {
+             return 'not_eligible';
+           } else if (_candidates.length > 1) {
+             return 'multiple';
+           }
 
-               var textSection = modal.select('.modal-section.message-text');
+           return false;
+         };
 
-               textSection
-                   .append('pre')
-                   .attr('class', 'instructions-file')
-                   .text(_t('settings.custom_data.file.instructions'));
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.continue.' + disable) : _t('operations.continue.description');
+         };
 
-               textSection
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('class', 'field-file')
-                   .attr('type', 'file')
-                   .property('files', _currSettings.fileList)  // works for all except IE11
-                   .on('change', function() {
-                       var files = event.target.files;
-                       if (files && files.length) {
-                           _currSettings.url = '';
-                           textSection.select('.field-url').property('value', '');
-                           _currSettings.fileList = files;
-                       } else {
-                           _currSettings.fileList = null;
-                       }
-                   });
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.continue.annotation.line');
+         };
 
-               textSection
-                   .append('h4')
-                   .text(_t('settings.custom_data.or'));
+         operation.id = 'continue';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.continue.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.continue.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-               textSection
-                   .append('pre')
-                   .attr('class', 'instructions-url')
-                   .text(_t('settings.custom_data.url.instructions'));
+       function operationCopy(context, selectedIDs) {
+         function getFilteredIdsToCopy() {
+           return selectedIDs.filter(function (selectedID) {
+             var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(selectedID); // don't copy untagged vertices separately from ways
 
-               textSection
-                   .append('textarea')
-                   .attr('class', 'field-url')
-                   .attr('placeholder', _t('settings.custom_data.url.placeholder'))
-                   .call(utilNoAuto)
-                   .property('value', _currSettings.url);
+             return entity.hasInterestingTags() || entity.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex';
+           });
+         }
 
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var selected = groupEntities(getFilteredIdsToCopy(), graph);
+           var canCopy = [];
+           var skip = {};
+           var entity;
+           var i;
 
-               // insert a cancel button
-               var buttonSection = modal.select('.modal-section.buttons');
+           for (i = 0; i < selected.relation.length; i++) {
+             entity = selected.relation[i];
 
-               buttonSection
-                   .insert('button', '.ok-button')
-                   .attr('class', 'button cancel-button secondary-action')
-                   .text(_t('confirm.cancel'));
+             if (!skip[entity.id] && entity.isComplete(graph)) {
+               canCopy.push(entity.id);
+               skip = getDescendants(entity.id, graph, skip);
+             }
+           }
 
+           for (i = 0; i < selected.way.length; i++) {
+             entity = selected.way[i];
 
-               buttonSection.select('.cancel-button')
-                   .on('click.cancel', clickCancel);
+             if (!skip[entity.id]) {
+               canCopy.push(entity.id);
+               skip = getDescendants(entity.id, graph, skip);
+             }
+           }
 
-               buttonSection.select('.ok-button')
-                   .attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled)
-                   .on('click.save', clickSave);
+           for (i = 0; i < selected.node.length; i++) {
+             entity = selected.node[i];
 
+             if (!skip[entity.id]) {
+               canCopy.push(entity.id);
+             }
+           }
 
-               function isSaveDisabled() {
-                   return null;
-               }
+           context.copyIDs(canCopy);
 
+           if (_point && (canCopy.length !== 1 || graph.entity(canCopy[0]).type !== 'node')) {
+             // store the anchor coordinates if copying more than a single node
+             context.copyLonLat(context.projection.invert(_point));
+           } else {
+             context.copyLonLat(null);
+           }
+         };
 
-               // restore the original url
-               function clickCancel() {
-                   textSection.select('.field-url').property('value', _origSettings.url);
-                   corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url', _origSettings.url);
-                   this.blur();
-                   modal.close();
-               }
+         function groupEntities(ids, graph) {
+           var entities = ids.map(function (id) {
+             return graph.entity(id);
+           });
+           return Object.assign({
+             relation: [],
+             way: [],
+             node: []
+           }, utilArrayGroupBy(entities, 'type'));
+         }
 
-               // accept the current url
-               function clickSave() {
-                   _currSettings.url = textSection.select('.field-url').property('value').trim();
+         function getDescendants(id, graph, descendants) {
+           var entity = graph.entity(id);
+           var children;
+           descendants = descendants || {};
 
-                   // one or the other but not both
-                   if (_currSettings.url) { _currSettings.fileList = null; }
-                   if (_currSettings.fileList) { _currSettings.url = ''; }
+           if (entity.type === 'relation') {
+             children = entity.members.map(function (m) {
+               return m.id;
+             });
+           } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
+             children = entity.nodes;
+           } else {
+             children = [];
+           }
 
-                   corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url', _currSettings.url);
-                   this.blur();
-                   modal.close();
-                   dispatch$1.call('change', this, _currSettings);
-               }
+           for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
+             if (!descendants[children[i]]) {
+               descendants[children[i]] = true;
+               descendants = getDescendants(children[i], graph, descendants);
+             }
            }
 
-           return utilRebind(render, dispatch$1, 'on');
-       }
+           return descendants;
+         }
 
-       function uiSectionDataLayers(context) {
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return getFilteredIdsToCopy().length > 0;
+         };
 
-           var settingsCustomData = uiSettingsCustomData(context)
-               .on('change', customChanged);
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           var extent = utilTotalExtent(getFilteredIdsToCopy(), context.graph());
 
-           var layers = context.layers();
+           if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           }
 
-           var section = uiSection('data-layers', context)
-               .title(_t('map_data.data_layers'))
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+           return false;
+         };
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-               var container = selection.selectAll('.data-layer-container')
-                   .data([0]);
+         operation.availableForKeypress = function () {
+           var selection = window.getSelection && window.getSelection(); // if the user has text selected then let them copy that, not the selected feature
 
-               container.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'data-layer-container')
-                   .merge(container)
-                   .call(drawOsmItems)
-                   .call(drawQAItems)
-                   .call(drawCustomDataItems)
-                   .call(drawVectorItems)      // Beta - Detroit mapping challenge
-                   .call(drawPanelItems);
-           }
+           return !selection || !selection.toString();
+         };
 
-           function showsLayer(which) {
-               var layer = layers.layer(which);
-               if (layer) {
-                   return layer.enabled();
-               }
-               return false;
-           }
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.copy.' + disable, {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
+           }) : _t('operations.copy.description', {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
+           });
+         };
 
-           function setLayer(which, enabled) {
-               // Don't allow layer changes while drawing - #6584
-               var mode = context.mode();
-               if (mode && /^draw/.test(mode.id)) return;
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.copy.annotation', {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
+           });
+         };
 
-               var layer = layers.layer(which);
-               if (layer) {
-                   layer.enabled(enabled);
+         var _point;
 
-                   if (!enabled && (which === 'osm' || which === 'notes')) {
-                       context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-                   }
-               }
-           }
+         operation.point = function (val) {
+           _point = val;
+           return operation;
+         };
 
-           function toggleLayer(which) {
-               setLayer(which, !showsLayer(which));
-           }
+         operation.id = 'copy';
+         operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘C')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.copy.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-           function drawOsmItems(selection) {
-               var osmKeys = ['osm', 'notes'];
-               var osmLayers = layers.all().filter(function(obj) { return osmKeys.indexOf(obj.id) !== -1; });
+       function operationDisconnect(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _vertexIDs = [];
+         var _wayIDs = [];
+         var _otherIDs = [];
+         var _actions = [];
+         selectedIDs.forEach(function (id) {
+           var entity = context.entity(id);
+
+           if (entity.type === 'way') {
+             _wayIDs.push(id);
+           } else if (entity.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex') {
+             _vertexIDs.push(id);
+           } else {
+             _otherIDs.push(id);
+           }
+         });
 
-               var ul = selection
-                   .selectAll('.layer-list-osm')
-                   .data([0]);
+         var _coords,
+             _descriptionID = '',
+             _annotationID = 'features';
 
-               ul = ul.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-osm')
-                   .merge(ul);
+         var _disconnectingVertexIds = [];
+         var _disconnectingWayIds = [];
 
-               var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item')
-                   .data(osmLayers);
+         if (_vertexIDs.length > 0) {
+           // At the selected vertices, disconnect the selected ways, if any, else
+           // disconnect all connected ways
+           _disconnectingVertexIds = _vertexIDs;
 
-               li.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           _vertexIDs.forEach(function (vertexID) {
+             var action = actionDisconnect(vertexID);
 
-               var liEnter = li.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'list-item list-item-' + d.id; });
+             if (_wayIDs.length > 0) {
+               var waysIDsForVertex = _wayIDs.filter(function (wayID) {
+                 var way = context.entity(wayID);
+                 return way.nodes.indexOf(vertexID) !== -1;
+               });
 
-               var labelEnter = liEnter
-                   .append('label')
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       if (d.id === 'osm') {
-                           select(this)
-                               .call(uiTooltip()
-                                   .title(_t('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.tooltip'))
-                                   .keys([uiCmd('⌥' + _t('area_fill.wireframe.key'))])
-                                   .placement('bottom')
-                               );
-                       } else {
-                           select(this)
-                               .call(uiTooltip()
-                                   .title(_t('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.tooltip'))
-                                   .placement('bottom')
-                               );
-                       }
-                   });
+               action.limitWays(waysIDsForVertex);
+             }
 
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'checkbox')
-                   .on('change', function(d) { toggleLayer(d.id); });
+             _actions.push(action);
 
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(function(d) { return _t('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.title'); });
+             _disconnectingWayIds = _disconnectingWayIds.concat(context.graph().parentWays(context.graph().entity(vertexID)).map(function (d) {
+               return d.id;
+             }));
+           });
 
+           _disconnectingWayIds = utilArrayUniq(_disconnectingWayIds).filter(function (id) {
+             return _wayIDs.indexOf(id) === -1;
+           });
+           _descriptionID += _actions.length === 1 ? 'single_point.' : 'multiple_points.';
 
-               // Update
-               li
-                   .merge(liEnter)
-                   .classed('active', function (d) { return d.layer.enabled(); })
-                   .selectAll('input')
-                   .property('checked', function (d) { return d.layer.enabled(); });
+           if (_wayIDs.length === 1) {
+             _descriptionID += 'single_way.' + context.graph().geometry(_wayIDs[0]);
+           } else {
+             _descriptionID += _wayIDs.length === 0 ? 'no_ways' : 'multiple_ways';
            }
+         } else if (_wayIDs.length > 0) {
+           // Disconnect the selected ways from each other, if they're connected,
+           // else disconnect them from all connected ways
+           var ways = _wayIDs.map(function (id) {
+             return context.entity(id);
+           });
 
-           function drawQAItems(selection) {
-               var qaKeys = ['keepRight', 'improveOSM', 'osmose'];
-               var qaLayers = layers.all().filter(function(obj) { return qaKeys.indexOf(obj.id) !== -1; });
+           var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(_wayIDs, context.graph());
+           _coords = nodes.map(function (n) {
+             return n.loc;
+           }); // actions for connected nodes shared by at least two selected ways
 
-               var ul = selection
-                   .selectAll('.layer-list-qa')
-                   .data([0]);
+           var sharedActions = [];
+           var sharedNodes = []; // actions for connected nodes
 
-               ul = ul.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-qa')
-                   .merge(ul);
+           var unsharedActions = [];
+           var unsharedNodes = [];
+           nodes.forEach(function (node) {
+             var action = actionDisconnect(node.id).limitWays(_wayIDs);
+
+             if (action.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_connected') {
+               var count = 0;
 
-               var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item')
-                   .data(qaLayers);
+               for (var i in ways) {
+                 var way = ways[i];
 
-               li.exit()
-                   .remove();
+                 if (way.nodes.indexOf(node.id) !== -1) {
+                   count += 1;
+                 }
 
-               var liEnter = li.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'list-item list-item-' + d.id; });
+                 if (count > 1) break;
+               }
 
-               var labelEnter = liEnter
-                   .append('label')
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       select(this)
-                           .call(uiTooltip()
-                               .title(_t('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.tooltip'))
-                               .placement('bottom')
-                           );
-                   });
+               if (count > 1) {
+                 sharedActions.push(action);
+                 sharedNodes.push(node);
+               } else {
+                 unsharedActions.push(action);
+                 unsharedNodes.push(node);
+               }
+             }
+           });
+           _descriptionID += 'no_points.';
+           _descriptionID += _wayIDs.length === 1 ? 'single_way.' : 'multiple_ways.';
+
+           if (sharedActions.length) {
+             // if any nodes are shared, only disconnect the selected ways from each other
+             _actions = sharedActions;
+             _disconnectingVertexIds = sharedNodes.map(function (node) {
+               return node.id;
+             });
+             _descriptionID += 'conjoined';
+             _annotationID = 'from_each_other';
+           } else {
+             // if no nodes are shared, disconnect the selected ways from all connected ways
+             _actions = unsharedActions;
+             _disconnectingVertexIds = unsharedNodes.map(function (node) {
+               return node.id;
+             });
 
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'checkbox')
-                   .on('change', function(d) { toggleLayer(d.id); });
+             if (_wayIDs.length === 1) {
+               _descriptionID += context.graph().geometry(_wayIDs[0]);
+             } else {
+               _descriptionID += 'separate';
+             }
+           }
+         }
 
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(function(d) { return _t('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.title'); });
+         var _extent = utilTotalExtent(_disconnectingVertexIds, context.graph());
 
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           context.perform(function (graph) {
+             return _actions.reduce(function (graph, action) {
+               return action(graph);
+             }, graph);
+           }, operation.annotation());
+           context.validator().validate();
+         };
 
-               // Update
-               li
-                   .merge(liEnter)
-                   .classed('active', function (d) { return d.layer.enabled(); })
-                   .selectAll('input')
-                   .property('checked', function (d) { return d.layer.enabled(); });
+         operation.relatedEntityIds = function () {
+           if (_vertexIDs.length) {
+             return _disconnectingWayIds;
            }
 
-           // Beta feature - sample vector layers to support Detroit Mapping Challenge
-           // https://github.com/osmus/detroit-mapping-challenge
-           function drawVectorItems(selection) {
-               var dataLayer = layers.layer('data');
-               var vtData = [
-                   {
-                       name: 'Detroit Neighborhoods/Parks',
-                       src: 'neighborhoods-parks',
-                       tooltip: 'Neighborhood boundaries and parks as compiled by City of Detroit in concert with community groups.',
-                       template: 'https://{switch:a,b,c,d}.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/jonahadkins.cjksmur6x34562qp9iv1u3ksf-54hev,jonahadkins.cjksmqxdx33jj2wp90xd9x2md-4e5y2/{z}/{x}/{y}.vector.pbf?access_token=pk.eyJ1Ijoiam9uYWhhZGtpbnMiLCJhIjoiRlVVVkx3VSJ9.9sdVEK_B_VkEXPjssU5MqA'
-                   }, {
-                       name: 'Detroit Composite POIs',
-                       src: 'composite-poi',
-                       tooltip: 'Fire Inspections, Business Licenses, and other public location data collated from the City of Detroit.',
-                       template: 'https://{switch:a,b,c,d}.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/jonahadkins.cjksmm6a02sli31myxhsr7zf3-2sw8h/{z}/{x}/{y}.vector.pbf?access_token=pk.eyJ1Ijoiam9uYWhhZGtpbnMiLCJhIjoiRlVVVkx3VSJ9.9sdVEK_B_VkEXPjssU5MqA'
-                   }, {
-                       name: 'Detroit All-The-Places POIs',
-                       src: 'alltheplaces-poi',
-                       tooltip: 'Public domain business location data created by web scrapers.',
-                       template: 'https://{switch:a,b,c,d}.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/jonahadkins.cjksmswgk340g2vo06p1w9w0j-8fjjc/{z}/{x}/{y}.vector.pbf?access_token=pk.eyJ1Ijoiam9uYWhhZGtpbnMiLCJhIjoiRlVVVkx3VSJ9.9sdVEK_B_VkEXPjssU5MqA'
-                   }
-               ];
+           return _disconnectingVertexIds;
+         };
+
+         operation.available = function () {
+           if (_actions.length === 0) return false;
+           if (_otherIDs.length !== 0) return false;
+           if (_vertexIDs.length !== 0 && _wayIDs.length !== 0 && !_wayIDs.every(function (wayID) {
+             return _vertexIDs.some(function (vertexID) {
+               var way = context.entity(wayID);
+               return way.nodes.indexOf(vertexID) !== -1;
+             });
+           })) return false;
+           return true;
+         };
 
-               // Only show this if the map is around Detroit..
-               var detroit = geoExtent([-83.5, 42.1], [-82.8, 42.5]);
-               var showVectorItems = (context.map().zoom() > 9 && detroit.contains(context.map().center()));
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           var reason;
 
-               var container = selection.selectAll('.vectortile-container')
-                   .data(showVectorItems ? [0] : []);
+           for (var actionIndex in _actions) {
+             reason = _actions[actionIndex].disabled(context.graph());
+             if (reason) return reason;
+           }
 
-               container.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           if (_extent && _extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large.' + ((_vertexIDs.length ? _vertexIDs : _wayIDs).length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple');
+           } else if (_coords && someMissing()) {
+             return 'not_downloaded';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           }
 
-               var containerEnter = container.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'vectortile-container');
+           return false;
 
-               containerEnter
-                   .append('h4')
-                   .attr('class', 'vectortile-header')
-                   .text('Detroit Vector Tiles (Beta)');
+           function someMissing() {
+             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+             var osm = context.connection();
 
-               containerEnter
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-vectortile');
+             if (osm) {
+               var missing = _coords.filter(function (loc) {
+                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
+               });
 
-               containerEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'vectortile-footer')
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('target', '_blank')
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
-                   .attr('href', 'https://github.com/osmus/detroit-mapping-challenge')
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text('About these layers');
+               if (missing.length) {
+                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                 });
+                 return true;
+               }
+             }
 
-               container = container
-                   .merge(containerEnter);
+             return false;
+           }
+         };
 
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
 
-               var ul = container.selectAll('.layer-list-vectortile');
+           if (disable) {
+             return _t('operations.disconnect.' + disable);
+           }
 
-               var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item')
-                   .data(vtData);
+           return _t('operations.disconnect.description.' + _descriptionID);
+         };
 
-               li.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.disconnect.annotation.' + _annotationID);
+         };
 
-               var liEnter = li.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) { return 'list-item list-item-' + d.src; });
+         operation.id = 'disconnect';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.disconnect.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.disconnect.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-               var labelEnter = liEnter
-                   .append('label')
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       select(this).call(
-                           uiTooltip().title(d.tooltip).placement('top')
-                       );
-                   });
+       function operationDowngrade(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _affectedFeatureCount = 0;
 
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'radio')
-                   .attr('name', 'vectortile')
-                   .on('change', selectVTLayer);
+         var _downgradeType = downgradeTypeForEntityIDs(selectedIDs);
 
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(function(d) { return d.name; });
+         var _multi = _affectedFeatureCount === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
 
-               // Update
-               li
-                   .merge(liEnter)
-                   .classed('active', isVTLayerSelected)
-                   .selectAll('input')
-                   .property('checked', isVTLayerSelected);
+         function downgradeTypeForEntityIDs(entityIds) {
+           var downgradeType;
+           _affectedFeatureCount = 0;
 
+           for (var i in entityIds) {
+             var entityID = entityIds[i];
+             var type = downgradeTypeForEntityID(entityID);
 
-               function isVTLayerSelected(d) {
-                   return dataLayer && dataLayer.template() === d.template;
-               }
+             if (type) {
+               _affectedFeatureCount += 1;
 
-               function selectVTLayer(d) {
-                   corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url', d.template);
-                   if (dataLayer) {
-                       dataLayer.template(d.template, d.src);
-                       dataLayer.enabled(true);
-                   }
+               if (downgradeType && type !== downgradeType) {
+                 if (downgradeType !== 'generic' && type !== 'generic') {
+                   downgradeType = 'building_address';
+                 } else {
+                   downgradeType = 'generic';
+                 }
+               } else {
+                 downgradeType = type;
                }
+             }
            }
 
-           function drawCustomDataItems(selection) {
-               var dataLayer = layers.layer('data');
-               var hasData = dataLayer && dataLayer.hasData();
-               var showsData = hasData && dataLayer.enabled();
-
-               var ul = selection
-                   .selectAll('.layer-list-data')
-                   .data(dataLayer ? [0] : []);
+           return downgradeType;
+         }
 
-               // Exit
-               ul.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         function downgradeTypeForEntityID(entityID) {
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
+           var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
+           if (!preset || preset.isFallback()) return null;
 
-               // Enter
-               var ulEnter = ul.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-data');
+           if (entity.type === 'node' && preset.id !== 'address' && Object.keys(entity.tags).some(function (key) {
+             return key.match(/^addr:.{1,}/);
+           })) {
+             return 'address';
+           }
 
-               var liEnter = ulEnter
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'list-item-data');
+           var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
 
-               var labelEnter = liEnter
-                   .append('label')
-                   .call(uiTooltip()
-                       .title(_t('map_data.layers.custom.tooltip'))
-                       .placement('top')
-                   );
+           if (geometry === 'area' && entity.tags.building && !preset.tags.building) {
+             return 'building';
+           }
 
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'checkbox')
-                   .on('change', function() { toggleLayer('data'); });
+           if (geometry === 'vertex' && Object.keys(entity.tags).length) {
+             return 'generic';
+           }
 
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(_t('map_data.layers.custom.title'));
+           return null;
+         }
 
-               liEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .call(uiTooltip()
-                       .title(_t('settings.custom_data.tooltip'))
-                       .placement((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'right' : 'left')
-                   )
-                   .on('click', editCustom)
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-more'));
-
-               liEnter
-                   .append('button')
-                   .call(uiTooltip()
-                       .title(_t('map_data.layers.custom.zoom'))
-                       .placement((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'right' : 'left')
-                   )
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                       dataLayer.fitZoom();
-                   })
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot'));
+         var buildingKeysToKeep = ['architect', 'building', 'height', 'layer', 'source', 'type', 'wheelchair'];
+         var addressKeysToKeep = ['source'];
 
-               // Update
-               ul = ul
-                   .merge(ulEnter);
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           context.perform(function (graph) {
+             for (var i in selectedIDs) {
+               var entityID = selectedIDs[i];
+               var type = downgradeTypeForEntityID(entityID);
+               if (!type) continue;
+               var tags = Object.assign({}, graph.entity(entityID).tags); // shallow copy
 
-               ul.selectAll('.list-item-data')
-                   .classed('active', showsData)
-                   .selectAll('label')
-                   .classed('deemphasize', !hasData)
-                   .selectAll('input')
-                   .property('disabled', !hasData)
-                   .property('checked', showsData);
-           }
+               for (var key in tags) {
+                 if (type === 'address' && addressKeysToKeep.indexOf(key) !== -1) continue;
 
-           function editCustom() {
-               event.preventDefault();
-               context.container()
-                   .call(settingsCustomData);
-           }
+                 if (type === 'building') {
+                   if (buildingKeysToKeep.indexOf(key) !== -1 || key.match(/^building:.{1,}/) || key.match(/^roof:.{1,}/)) continue;
+                 }
 
-           function customChanged(d) {
-               var dataLayer = layers.layer('data');
+                 if (type !== 'generic') {
+                   if (key.match(/^addr:.{1,}/) || key.match(/^source:.{1,}/)) continue;
+                 }
 
-               if (d && d.url) {
-                   dataLayer.url(d.url);
-               } else if (d && d.fileList) {
-                   dataLayer.fileList(d.fileList);
+                 delete tags[key];
                }
-           }
 
+               graph = actionChangeTags(entityID, tags)(graph);
+             }
 
-           function drawPanelItems(selection) {
+             return graph;
+           }, operation.annotation());
+           context.validator().validate(); // refresh the select mode to enable the delete operation
 
-               var panelsListEnter = selection.selectAll('.md-extras-list')
-                   .data([0])
-                   .enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-list md-extras-list');
-
-               var historyPanelLabelEnter = panelsListEnter
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'history-panel-toggle-item')
-                   .append('label')
-                   .call(uiTooltip()
-                       .title(_t('map_data.history_panel.tooltip'))
-                       .keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.history.key'))])
-                       .placement('top')
-                   );
-
-               historyPanelLabelEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'checkbox')
-                   .on('change', function() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       context.ui().info.toggle('history');
-                   });
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, selectedIDs));
+         };
 
-               historyPanelLabelEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(_t('map_data.history_panel.title'));
-
-               var measurementPanelLabelEnter = panelsListEnter
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'measurement-panel-toggle-item')
-                   .append('label')
-                   .call(uiTooltip()
-                       .title(_t('map_data.measurement_panel.tooltip'))
-                       .keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.measurement.key'))])
-                       .placement('top')
-                   );
-
-               measurementPanelLabelEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'checkbox')
-                   .on('change', function() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       context.ui().info.toggle('measurement');
-                   });
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return _downgradeType;
+         };
 
-               measurementPanelLabelEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(_t('map_data.measurement_panel.title'));
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (selectedIDs.some(hasWikidataTag)) {
+             return 'has_wikidata_tag';
            }
 
-           context.layers().on('change.uiSectionDataLayers', section.reRender);
+           return false;
 
-           context.map()
-               .on('move.uiSectionDataLayers',
-                   debounce(function() {
-                       // Detroit layers may have moved in or out of view
-                       window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
-                   }, 1000)
-               );
+           function hasWikidataTag(id) {
+             var entity = context.entity(id);
+             return entity.tags.wikidata && entity.tags.wikidata.trim().length > 0;
+           }
+         };
 
-           return section;
-       }
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.downgrade.' + disable + '.' + _multi) : _t('operations.downgrade.description.' + _downgradeType);
+         };
 
-       function uiSectionMapFeatures(context) {
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           var suffix;
 
-           var _features = context.features().keys();
+           if (_downgradeType === 'building_address') {
+             suffix = 'generic';
+           } else {
+             suffix = _downgradeType;
+           }
 
-           var section = uiSection('map-features', context)
-               .title(_t('map_data.map_features'))
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent)
-               .expandedByDefault(false);
+           return _t('operations.downgrade.annotation.' + suffix, {
+             n: _affectedFeatureCount
+           });
+         };
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
+         operation.id = 'downgrade';
+         operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌫')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.downgrade.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-               var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-feature-list-container')
-                   .data([0]);
+       function operationExtract(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _amount = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
 
-               var containerEnter = container.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-feature-list-container');
+         var _geometries = utilArrayUniq(selectedIDs.map(function (entityID) {
+           return context.graph().hasEntity(entityID) && context.graph().geometry(entityID);
+         }).filter(Boolean));
 
-               containerEnter
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-feature-list');
+         var _geometryID = _geometries.length === 1 ? _geometries[0] : 'feature';
 
-               var footer = containerEnter
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'feature-list-links section-footer');
-
-               footer
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'feature-list-link')
-                   .attr('href', '#')
-                   .text(_t('issues.enable_all'))
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       context.features().enableAll();
-                   });
+         var _extent;
 
-               footer
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('class', 'feature-list-link')
-                   .attr('href', '#')
-                   .text(_t('issues.disable_all'))
-                   .on('click', function() {
-                       context.features().disableAll();
-                   });
+         var _actions = selectedIDs.map(function (entityID) {
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var entity = graph.hasEntity(entityID);
+           if (!entity || !entity.hasInterestingTags()) return null;
+           if (entity.type === 'node' && graph.parentWays(entity).length === 0) return null;
 
-               // Update
-               container = container
-                   .merge(containerEnter);
+           if (entity.type !== 'node') {
+             var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph); // only allow extraction from ways/relations if the preset supports points
 
-               container.selectAll('.layer-feature-list')
-                   .call(drawListItems, _features, 'checkbox', 'feature', clickFeature, showsFeature);
+             if (preset.geometry.indexOf('point') === -1) return null;
            }
 
-           function drawListItems(selection, data, type, name, change, active) {
-               var items = selection.selectAll('li')
-                   .data(data);
+           _extent = _extent ? _extent.extend(entity.extent(graph)) : entity.extent(graph);
+           return actionExtract(entityID, context.projection);
+         }).filter(Boolean);
 
-               // Exit
-               items.exit()
-                   .remove();
-
-               // Enter
-               var enter = items.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .call(uiTooltip()
-                       .title(function(d) {
-                           var tip = _t(name + '.' + d + '.tooltip');
-                           if (autoHiddenFeature(d)) {
-                               var msg = showsLayer('osm') ? _t('map_data.autohidden') : _t('map_data.osmhidden');
-                               tip += '<div>' + msg + '</div>';
-                           }
-                           return tip;
-                       })
-                       .placement('top')
-                   );
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           var combinedAction = function combinedAction(graph) {
+             _actions.forEach(function (action) {
+               graph = action(graph);
+             });
 
-               var label = enter
-                   .append('label');
+             return graph;
+           };
 
-               label
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', type)
-                   .attr('name', name)
-                   .on('change', change);
+           context.perform(combinedAction, operation.annotation()); // do the extract
 
-               label
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(function(d) { return _t(name + '.' + d + '.description'); });
+           var extractedNodeIDs = _actions.map(function (action) {
+             return action.getExtractedNodeID();
+           });
 
-               // Update
-               items = items
-                   .merge(enter);
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, extractedNodeIDs));
+         };
 
-               items
-                   .classed('active', active)
-                   .selectAll('input')
-                   .property('checked', active)
-                   .property('indeterminate', autoHiddenFeature);
-           }
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return _actions.length && selectedIDs.length === _actions.length;
+         };
 
-           function autoHiddenFeature(d) {
-               return context.features().autoHidden(d);
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           if (_extent && _extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(function (entityID) {
+             return context.graph().geometry(entityID) === 'vertex' && context.hasHiddenConnections(entityID);
+           })) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
            }
 
-           function showsFeature(d) {
-               return context.features().enabled(d);
-           }
+           return false;
+         };
 
-           function clickFeature(d) {
-               context.features().toggle(d);
-           }
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disableReason = operation.disabled();
 
-           function showsLayer(id) {
-               var layer = context.layers().layer(id);
-               return layer && layer.enabled();
+           if (disableReason) {
+             return _t('operations.extract.' + disableReason + '.' + _amount);
+           } else {
+             return _t('operations.extract.description.' + _geometryID + '.' + _amount);
            }
+         };
 
-           // add listeners
-           context.features()
-               .on('change.map_features', section.reRender);
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.extract.annotation', {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
+           });
+         };
 
-           return section;
+         operation.id = 'extract';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.extract.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.extract.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
        }
 
-       function uiSectionMapStyleOptions(context) {
-
-           var section = uiSection('fill-area', context)
-               .title(_t('map_data.style_options'))
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent)
-               .expandedByDefault(false);
-
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-               var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-fill-list')
-                   .data([0]);
-
-               container.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-fill-list')
-                   .merge(container)
-                   .call(drawListItems, context.map().areaFillOptions, 'radio', 'area_fill', setFill, isActiveFill);
-
-               var container2 = selection.selectAll('.layer-visual-diff-list')
-                   .data([0]);
-
-               container2.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-visual-diff-list')
-                   .merge(container2)
-                   .call(drawListItems, ['highlight_edits'], 'checkbox', 'visual_diff', toggleHighlightEdited, function() {
-                       return context.surface().classed('highlight-edited');
-                   });
+       function operationMerge(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _action = getAction();
+
+         function getAction() {
+           // prefer a non-disabled action first
+           var join = actionJoin(selectedIDs);
+           if (!join.disabled(context.graph())) return join;
+           var merge = actionMerge(selectedIDs);
+           if (!merge.disabled(context.graph())) return merge;
+           var mergePolygon = actionMergePolygon(selectedIDs);
+           if (!mergePolygon.disabled(context.graph())) return mergePolygon;
+           var mergeNodes = actionMergeNodes(selectedIDs);
+           if (!mergeNodes.disabled(context.graph())) return mergeNodes; // otherwise prefer an action with an interesting disabled reason
+
+           if (join.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_eligible') return join;
+           if (merge.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_eligible') return merge;
+           if (mergePolygon.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_eligible') return mergePolygon;
+           return mergeNodes;
+         }
+
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           if (operation.disabled()) return;
+           context.perform(_action, operation.annotation());
+           context.validator().validate();
+           var resultIDs = selectedIDs.filter(context.hasEntity);
+
+           if (resultIDs.length > 1) {
+             var interestingIDs = resultIDs.filter(function (id) {
+               return context.entity(id).hasInterestingTags();
+             });
+             if (interestingIDs.length) resultIDs = interestingIDs;
            }
 
-           function drawListItems(selection, data, type, name, change, active) {
-               var items = selection.selectAll('li')
-                   .data(data);
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, resultIDs));
+         };
 
-               // Exit
-               items.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return selectedIDs.length >= 2;
+         };
 
-               // Enter
-               var enter = items.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .call(uiTooltip()
-                       .title(function(d) {
-                           return _t(name + '.' + d + '.tooltip');
-                       })
-                       .keys(function(d) {
-                           var key = (d === 'wireframe' ? _t('area_fill.wireframe.key') : null);
-                           if (d === 'highlight_edits') key = _t('map_data.highlight_edits.key');
-                           return key ? [key] : null;
-                       })
-                       .placement('top')
-                   );
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           var actionDisabled = _action.disabled(context.graph());
 
-               var label = enter
-                   .append('label');
+           if (actionDisabled) return actionDisabled;
+           var osm = context.connection();
 
-               label
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', type)
-                   .attr('name', name)
-                   .on('change', change);
+           if (osm && _action.resultingWayNodesLength && _action.resultingWayNodesLength(context.graph()) > osm.maxWayNodes()) {
+             return 'too_many_vertices';
+           }
 
-               label
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(function(d) { return _t(name + '.' + d + '.description'); });
+           return false;
+         };
 
-               // Update
-               items = items
-                   .merge(enter);
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disabled = operation.disabled();
 
-               items
-                   .classed('active', active)
-                   .selectAll('input')
-                   .property('checked', active)
-                   .property('indeterminate', false);
-           }
+           if (disabled) {
+             if (disabled === 'conflicting_relations') {
+               return _t('operations.merge.conflicting_relations');
+             }
 
-           function isActiveFill(d) {
-               return context.map().activeAreaFill() === d;
-           }
+             if (disabled === 'restriction' || disabled === 'connectivity') {
+               return _t('operations.merge.damage_relation', {
+                 relation: _mainPresetIndex.item('type/' + disabled).name()
+               });
+             }
 
-           function toggleHighlightEdited() {
-               event.preventDefault();
-               context.map().toggleHighlightEdited();
+             return _t('operations.merge.' + disabled);
            }
 
-           function setFill(d) {
-               context.map().activeAreaFill(d);
-           }
+           return _t('operations.merge.description');
+         };
 
-           context.map()
-               .on('changeHighlighting.ui_style, changeAreaFill.ui_style', section.reRender);
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.merge.annotation', {
+             n: selectedIDs.length
+           });
+         };
 
-           return section;
+         operation.id = 'merge';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.merge.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.merge.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
        }
 
-       function uiSectionPhotoOverlays(context) {
-
-           var layers = context.layers();
+       function operationPaste(context) {
+         var _pastePoint;
 
-           var section = uiSection('photo-overlays', context)
-               .title(_t('photo_overlays.title'))
-               .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent)
-               .expandedByDefault(false);
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           if (!_pastePoint) return;
+           var oldIDs = context.copyIDs();
+           if (!oldIDs.length) return;
+           var projection = context.projection;
+           var extent = geoExtent();
+           var oldGraph = context.copyGraph();
+           var newIDs = [];
+           var action = actionCopyEntities(oldIDs, oldGraph);
+           context.perform(action);
+           var copies = action.copies();
+           var originals = new Set();
+           Object.values(copies).forEach(function (entity) {
+             originals.add(entity.id);
+           });
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-               var container = selection.selectAll('.photo-overlay-container')
-                   .data([0]);
+           for (var id in copies) {
+             var oldEntity = oldGraph.entity(id);
+             var newEntity = copies[id];
 
-               container.enter()
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'photo-overlay-container')
-                   .merge(container)
-                   .call(drawPhotoItems)
-                   .call(drawPhotoTypeItems);
-           }
+             extent._extend(oldEntity.extent(oldGraph)); // Exclude child nodes from newIDs if their parent way was also copied.
 
-           function drawPhotoItems(selection) {
-               var photoKeys = context.photos().overlayLayerIDs();
-               var photoLayers = layers.all().filter(function(obj) { return photoKeys.indexOf(obj.id) !== -1; });
-               var data = photoLayers.filter(function(obj) { return obj.layer.supported(); });
 
-               function layerSupported(d) {
-                   return d.layer && d.layer.supported();
-               }
-               function layerEnabled(d) {
-                   return layerSupported(d) && d.layer.enabled();
-               }
+             var parents = context.graph().parentWays(newEntity);
+             var parentCopied = parents.some(function (parent) {
+               return originals.has(parent.id);
+             });
 
-               var ul = selection
-                   .selectAll('.layer-list-photos')
-                   .data([0]);
+             if (!parentCopied) {
+               newIDs.push(newEntity.id);
+             }
+           } // Use the location of the copy operation to offset the paste location,
+           // or else use the center of the pasted extent
 
-               ul = ul.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-photos')
-                   .merge(ul);
 
-               var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item-photos')
-                   .data(data);
+           var copyPoint = context.copyLonLat() && projection(context.copyLonLat()) || projection(extent.center());
+           var delta = geoVecSubtract(_pastePoint, copyPoint); // Move the pasted objects to be anchored at the paste location
 
-               li.exit()
-                   .remove();
+           context.replace(actionMove(newIDs, delta, projection), operation.annotation());
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, newIDs));
+         };
 
-               var liEnter = li.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) {
-                       var classes = 'list-item-photos list-item-' + d.id;
-                       if (d.id === 'mapillary-signs' || d.id === 'mapillary-map-features') {
-                           classes += ' indented';
-                       }
-                       return classes;
-                   });
+         operation.point = function (val) {
+           _pastePoint = val;
+           return operation;
+         };
 
-               var labelEnter = liEnter
-                   .append('label')
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       var titleID;
-                       if (d.id === 'mapillary-signs') titleID = 'mapillary.signs.tooltip';
-                       else if (d.id === 'mapillary') titleID = 'mapillary_images.tooltip';
-                       else if (d.id === 'openstreetcam') titleID = 'openstreetcam_images.tooltip';
-                       else titleID = d.id.replace(/-/g, '_') + '.tooltip';
-                       select(this)
-                           .call(uiTooltip()
-                               .title(_t(titleID))
-                               .placement('top')
-                           );
-                   });
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return context.mode().id === 'browse';
+         };
 
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'checkbox')
-                   .on('change', function(d) { toggleLayer(d.id); });
-
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(function(d) {
-                       var id = d.id;
-                       if (id === 'mapillary-signs') id = 'photo_overlays.traffic_signs';
-                       return _t(id.replace(/-/g, '_') + '.title');
-                   });
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           return !context.copyIDs().length;
+         };
 
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var oldGraph = context.copyGraph();
+           var ids = context.copyIDs();
 
-               // Update
-               li
-                   .merge(liEnter)
-                   .classed('active', layerEnabled)
-                   .selectAll('input')
-                   .property('checked', layerEnabled);
+           if (!ids.length) {
+             return _t('operations.paste.nothing_copied');
            }
 
-           function drawPhotoTypeItems(selection) {
-               var data = context.photos().allPhotoTypes();
-
-               function typeEnabled(d) {
-                   return context.photos().showsPhotoType(d);
-               }
-
-               var ul = selection
-                   .selectAll('.layer-list-photo-types')
-                   .data(context.photos().shouldFilterByPhotoType() ? [0] : []);
+           return _t('operations.paste.description', {
+             feature: utilDisplayLabel(oldGraph.entity(ids[0]), oldGraph),
+             n: ids.length
+           });
+         };
 
-               ul.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           var ids = context.copyIDs();
+           return _t('operations.paste.annotation', {
+             n: ids.length
+           });
+         };
 
-               ul = ul.enter()
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-photo-types')
-                   .merge(ul);
+         operation.id = 'paste';
+         operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘V')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.paste.title');
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-               var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item-photo-types')
-                   .data(data);
+       function operationReverse(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           context.perform(function combinedReverseAction(graph) {
+             actions().forEach(function (action) {
+               graph = action(graph);
+             });
+             return graph;
+           }, operation.annotation());
+           context.validator().validate();
+         };
 
-               li.exit()
-                   .remove();
+         function actions(situation) {
+           return selectedIDs.map(function (entityID) {
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
+             if (!entity) return null;
 
-               var liEnter = li.enter()
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', function(d) {
-                       return 'list-item-photo-types list-item-' + d;
-                   });
+             if (situation === 'toolbar') {
+               if (entity.type === 'way' && !entity.isOneWay() && !entity.isSided()) return null;
+             }
 
-               var labelEnter = liEnter
-                   .append('label')
-                   .each(function(d) {
-                       select(this)
-                           .call(uiTooltip()
-                               .title(_t('photo_overlays.photo_type.' + d + '.tooltip'))
-                               .placement('top')
-                           );
-                   });
+             var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
+             if (entity.type !== 'node' && geometry !== 'line') return null;
+             var action = actionReverse(entityID);
+             if (action.disabled(context.graph())) return null;
+             return action;
+           }).filter(Boolean);
+         }
 
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('input')
-                   .attr('type', 'checkbox')
-                   .on('change', function(d) {
-                       context.photos().togglePhotoType(d);
-                   });
+         function reverseTypeID() {
+           var acts = actions();
+           var nodeActionCount = acts.filter(function (act) {
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(act.entityID());
+             return entity && entity.type === 'node';
+           }).length;
+           if (nodeActionCount === 0) return 'line';
+           if (nodeActionCount === acts.length) return 'point';
+           return 'feature';
+         }
 
-               labelEnter
-                   .append('span')
-                   .text(function(d) {
-                       return _t('photo_overlays.photo_type.' + d + '.title');
-                   });
+         operation.available = function (situation) {
+           return actions(situation).length > 0;
+         };
 
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           return false;
+         };
 
-               // Update
-               li
-                   .merge(liEnter)
-                   .classed('active', typeEnabled)
-                   .selectAll('input')
-                   .property('checked', typeEnabled);
-           }
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           return _t('operations.reverse.description.' + reverseTypeID());
+         };
 
-           function toggleLayer(which) {
-               setLayer(which, !showsLayer(which));
-           }
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           var acts = actions();
+           return _t('operations.reverse.annotation.' + reverseTypeID(), {
+             n: acts.length
+           });
+         };
 
-           function showsLayer(which) {
-               var layer = layers.layer(which);
-               if (layer) {
-                   return layer.enabled();
-               }
-               return false;
-           }
+         operation.id = 'reverse';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.reverse.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.reverse.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-           function setLayer(which, enabled) {
-               var layer = layers.layer(which);
-               if (layer) {
-                   layer.enabled(enabled);
-               }
-           }
+       function operationSplit(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _vertexIds = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
+           return context.graph().geometry(id) === 'vertex';
+         });
 
-           context.layers().on('change.uiSectionPhotoOverlays', section.reRender);
-           context.photos().on('change.uiSectionPhotoOverlays', section.reRender);
+         var _selectedWayIds = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
+           var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(id);
+           return entity && entity.type === 'way';
+         });
 
-           return section;
-       }
+         var _isAvailable = _vertexIds.length > 0 && _vertexIds.length + _selectedWayIds.length === selectedIDs.length;
 
-       function uiPaneMapData(context) {
+         var _action = actionSplit(_vertexIds);
 
-           var mapDataPane = uiPane('map-data', context)
-               .key(_t('map_data.key'))
-               .title(_t('map_data.title'))
-               .description(_t('map_data.description'))
-               .iconName('iD-icon-data')
-               .sections([
-                   uiSectionDataLayers(context),
-                   uiSectionPhotoOverlays(context),
-                   uiSectionMapStyleOptions(context),
-                   uiSectionMapFeatures(context)
-               ]);
+         var _ways = [];
+         var _geometry = 'feature';
+         var _waysAmount = 'single';
 
-           return mapDataPane;
-       }
+         var _nodesAmount = _vertexIds.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
 
-       function uiSectionPrivacy(context) {
+         if (_isAvailable) {
+           if (_selectedWayIds.length) _action.limitWays(_selectedWayIds);
+           _ways = _action.ways(context.graph());
+           var geometries = {};
 
-           let section = uiSection('preferences-third-party', context)
-             .title(_t('preferences.privacy.title'))
-             .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);
+           _ways.forEach(function (way) {
+             geometries[way.geometry(context.graph())] = true;
+           });
 
-           let _showThirdPartyIcons = corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons') || 'true';
+           if (Object.keys(geometries).length === 1) {
+             _geometry = Object.keys(geometries)[0];
+           }
 
-           function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
-             // enter
-             let privacyOptionsListEnter = selection.selectAll('.privacy-options-list')
-               .data([0])
-               .enter()
-               .append('ul')
-               .attr('class', 'layer-list privacy-options-list');
-
-             let thirdPartyIconsEnter = privacyOptionsListEnter
-               .append('li')
-               .attr('class', 'privacy-third-party-icons-item')
-               .append('label')
-               .call(uiTooltip()
-                 .title(_t('preferences.privacy.third_party_icons.tooltip'))
-                 .placement('bottom')
-               );
+           _waysAmount = _ways.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+         }
 
-             thirdPartyIconsEnter
-               .append('input')
-               .attr('type', 'checkbox')
-               .on('change', () => {
-                 event.preventDefault();
-                 _showThirdPartyIcons = (_showThirdPartyIcons === 'true') ? 'false' : 'true';
-                 corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons', _showThirdPartyIcons);
-                 update();
-               });
+         var operation = function operation() {
+           var difference = context.perform(_action, operation.annotation()); // select both the nodes and the ways so the mapper can immediately disconnect them if desired
 
-             thirdPartyIconsEnter
-               .append('span')
-               .text(_t('preferences.privacy.third_party_icons.description'));
+           var idsToSelect = _vertexIds.concat(difference.extantIDs().filter(function (id) {
+             // filter out relations that may have had member additions
+             return context.entity(id).type === 'way';
+           }));
 
+           context.enter(modeSelect(context, idsToSelect));
+         };
 
-             // Privacy Policy link
-             selection.selectAll('.privacy-link')
-               .data([0])
-               .enter()
-               .append('div')
-               .attr('class', 'privacy-link')
-               .append('a')
-               .attr('target', '_blank')
-               .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
-               .attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/release/PRIVACY.md')
-               .append('span')
-               .text(_t('preferences.privacy.privacy_link'));
+         operation.relatedEntityIds = function () {
+           return _selectedWayIds.length ? [] : _ways.map(function (way) {
+             return way.id;
+           });
+         };
 
-             update();
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return _isAvailable;
+         };
 
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           var reason = _action.disabled(context.graph());
 
-             function update() {
-               selection.selectAll('.privacy-third-party-icons-item')
-                 .classed('active', (_showThirdPartyIcons === 'true'))
-                 .select('input')
-                 .property('checked', (_showThirdPartyIcons === 'true'));
-             }
+           if (reason) {
+             return reason;
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
            }
 
-           return section;
-       }
+           return false;
+         };
 
-       function uiPanePreferences(context) {
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           if (disable) return _t('operations.split.' + disable);
+           return _t('operations.split.description.' + _geometry + '.' + _waysAmount + '.' + _nodesAmount + '_node');
+         };
 
-         let preferencesPane = uiPane('preferences', context)
-           .key(_t('preferences.key'))
-           .title(_t('preferences.title'))
-           .description(_t('preferences.description'))
-           .iconName('fas-user-cog')
-           .sections([
-               uiSectionPrivacy(context)
-           ]);
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.split.annotation.' + _geometry, {
+             n: _ways.length
+           });
+         };
 
-         return preferencesPane;
+         operation.icon = function () {
+           if (_waysAmount === 'multiple') {
+             return '#iD-operation-split-multiple';
+           } else {
+             return '#iD-operation-split';
+           }
+         };
+
+         operation.id = 'split';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.split.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.split.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
        }
 
-       function uiInit(context) {
-           var _initCounter = 0;
-           var _needWidth = {};
+       function operationStraighten(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var _wayIDs = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
+           return id.charAt(0) === 'w';
+         });
 
-           var _lastPointerType;
+         var _nodeIDs = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
+           return id.charAt(0) === 'n';
+         });
 
+         var _amount = (_wayIDs.length ? _wayIDs : _nodeIDs).length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
 
-           function render(container) {
+         var _nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
 
-               container
-                   .on('click.ui', function() {
-                       // we're only concerned with the primary mouse button
-                       if (event.button !== 0) return;
+         var _coords = _nodes.map(function (n) {
+           return n.loc;
+         });
 
-                       if (!event.composedPath) return;
+         var _extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
 
-                       // some targets have default click events we don't want to override
-                       var isOkayTarget = event.composedPath().some(function(node) {
-                           // clicking <label> affects its <input> by default
-                           return node.nodeName === 'LABEL' ||
-                               // clicking <a> opens a hyperlink by default
-                               node.nodeName === 'A';
-                       });
-                       if (isOkayTarget) return;
+         var _action = chooseAction();
 
-                       // disable double-tap-to-zoom on touchscreens
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                   });
+         var _geometry;
 
-               var detected = utilDetect();
+         function chooseAction() {
+           // straighten selected nodes
+           if (_wayIDs.length === 0 && _nodeIDs.length > 2) {
+             _geometry = 'point';
+             return actionStraightenNodes(_nodeIDs, context.projection); // straighten selected ways (possibly between range of 2 selected nodes)
+           } else if (_wayIDs.length > 0 && (_nodeIDs.length === 0 || _nodeIDs.length === 2)) {
+             var startNodeIDs = [];
+             var endNodeIDs = [];
 
-               // only WebKit supports gesture events
-               if ('GestureEvent' in window &&
-                   // Listening for gesture events on iOS 13.4+ breaks double-tapping,
-                   // but we only need to do this on desktop Safari anyway. – #7694
-                   !detected.isMobileWebKit) {
+             for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
+               var entity = context.entity(selectedIDs[i]);
 
-                   // On iOS we disable pinch-to-zoom of the UI via the `touch-action`
-                   // CSS property, but on desktop Safari we need to manually cancel the
-                   // default gesture events.
-                   container.on('gesturestart.ui gesturechange.ui gestureend.ui', function() {
-                       // disable pinch-to-zoom of the UI via multitouch trackpads on macOS Safari
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                   });
+               if (entity.type === 'node') {
+                 continue;
+               } else if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.isClosed()) {
+                 return null; // exit early, can't straighten these
                }
 
-               if ('PointerEvent' in window) {
-                   select(window)
-                       .on('pointerdown.ui pointerup.ui', function() {
-                           var pointerType = event.pointerType || 'mouse';
-                           if (_lastPointerType !== pointerType) {
-                               _lastPointerType = pointerType;
-                               container
-                                   .attr('pointer', pointerType);
-                           }
-                       }, true);
-               } else {
-                   _lastPointerType = 'mouse';
-                   container
-                       .attr('pointer', 'mouse');
-               }
+               startNodeIDs.push(entity.first());
+               endNodeIDs.push(entity.last());
+             } // Remove duplicate end/startNodeIDs (duplicate nodes cannot be at the line end)
 
-               container
-                   .attr('dir', _mainLocalizer.textDirection());
 
-               // setup fullscreen keybindings (no button shown at this time)
-               container
-                   .call(uiFullScreen(context));
+             startNodeIDs = startNodeIDs.filter(function (n) {
+               return startNodeIDs.indexOf(n) === startNodeIDs.lastIndexOf(n);
+             });
+             endNodeIDs = endNodeIDs.filter(function (n) {
+               return endNodeIDs.indexOf(n) === endNodeIDs.lastIndexOf(n);
+             }); // Ensure all ways are connected (i.e. only 2 unique endpoints/startpoints)
 
-               var map = context.map();
-               map.redrawEnable(false);  // don't draw until we've set zoom/lat/long
+             if (utilArrayDifference(startNodeIDs, endNodeIDs).length + utilArrayDifference(endNodeIDs, startNodeIDs).length !== 2) return null; // Ensure path contains at least 3 unique nodes
 
-               map
-                   .on('hitMinZoom.ui', function() {
-                       ui.flash.text(_t('cannot_zoom'))();
-                   });
+             var wayNodeIDs = utilGetAllNodes(_wayIDs, context.graph()).map(function (node) {
+               return node.id;
+             });
+             if (wayNodeIDs.length <= 2) return null; // If range of 2 selected nodes is supplied, ensure nodes lie on the selected path
 
-               container
-                   .append('svg')
-                   .attr('id', 'ideditor-defs')
-                   .call(svgDefs(context));
+             if (_nodeIDs.length === 2 && (wayNodeIDs.indexOf(_nodeIDs[0]) === -1 || wayNodeIDs.indexOf(_nodeIDs[1]) === -1)) return null;
 
-               container
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'sidebar')
-                   .call(ui.sidebar);
+             if (_nodeIDs.length) {
+               // If we're only straightenting between two points, we only need that extent visible
+               _extent = utilTotalExtent(_nodeIDs, context.graph());
+             }
 
-               var content = container
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'main-content active');
+             _geometry = 'line';
+             return actionStraightenWay(selectedIDs, context.projection);
+           }
 
-               // Top toolbar
-               content
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'top-toolbar-wrap')
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'top-toolbar fillD')
-                   .call(uiTopToolbar(context));
+           return null;
+         }
 
-               content
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'main-map')
-                   .attr('dir', 'ltr')
-                   .call(map);
+         function operation() {
+           if (!_action) return;
+           context.perform(_action, operation.annotation());
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             context.validator().validate();
+           }, 300); // after any transition
+         }
 
-               content
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'spinner')
-                   .call(uiSpinner(context));
+         operation.available = function () {
+           return Boolean(_action);
+         };
 
-               // Add attribution and footer
-               var about = content
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'map-footer');
+         operation.disabled = function () {
+           var reason = _action.disabled(context.graph());
 
-               about
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'attribution-wrap')
-                   .attr('dir', 'ltr')
-                   .call(uiAttribution(context));
+           if (reason) {
+             return reason;
+           } else if (_extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+             return 'too_large';
+           } else if (someMissing()) {
+             return 'not_downloaded';
+           } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+             return 'connected_to_hidden';
+           }
 
-               about
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'api-status')
-                   .call(uiStatus(context));
+           return false;
 
+           function someMissing() {
+             if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+             var osm = context.connection();
 
-               var footer = about
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'map-footer-bar fillD');
+             if (osm) {
+               var missing = _coords.filter(function (loc) {
+                 return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc);
+               });
 
-               footer
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'flash-wrap footer-hide');
+               if (missing.length) {
+                 missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                   context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                 });
+                 return true;
+               }
+             }
 
-               var footerWrap = footer
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'main-footer-wrap footer-show');
+             return false;
+           }
+         };
 
-               footerWrap
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'scale-block')
-                   .call(uiScale(context));
+         operation.tooltip = function () {
+           var disable = operation.disabled();
+           return disable ? _t('operations.straighten.' + disable + '.' + _amount) : _t('operations.straighten.description.' + _geometry + (_wayIDs.length === 1 ? '' : 's'));
+         };
 
-               var aboutList = footerWrap
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'info-block')
-                   .append('ul')
-                   .attr('class', 'map-footer-list');
-
-               if (!context.embed()) {
-                   aboutList
-                       .call(uiAccount(context));
-               }
-
-               aboutList
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'version')
-                   .call(uiVersion(context));
-
-               var issueLinks = aboutList
-                   .append('li');
-
-               issueLinks
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('target', '_blank')
-                   .attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues')
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-bug', 'light'))
-                   .call(uiTooltip().title(_t('report_a_bug')).placement('top'));
-
-               issueLinks
-                   .append('a')
-                   .attr('target', '_blank')
-                   .attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/develop/CONTRIBUTING.md#translating')
-                   .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-translate', 'light'))
-                   .call(uiTooltip().title(_t('help_translate')).placement('top'));
-
-               aboutList
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'feature-warning')
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .call(uiFeatureInfo(context));
-
-               aboutList
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'issues-info')
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .call(uiIssuesInfo(context));
-
-               var apiConnections = context.apiConnections();
-               if (apiConnections && apiConnections.length > 1) {
-                   aboutList
-                       .append('li')
-                       .attr('class', 'source-switch')
-                       .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                       .call(uiSourceSwitch(context)
-                           .keys(apiConnections)
-                       );
-               }
+         operation.annotation = function () {
+           return _t('operations.straighten.annotation.' + _geometry, {
+             n: _wayIDs.length ? _wayIDs.length : _nodeIDs.length
+           });
+         };
+
+         operation.id = 'straighten';
+         operation.keys = [_t('operations.straighten.key')];
+         operation.title = _t('operations.straighten.title');
+         operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);
+         return operation;
+       }
 
-               aboutList
-                   .append('li')
-                   .attr('class', 'user-list')
-                   .attr('tabindex', -1)
-                   .call(uiContributors(context));
+       var Operations = /*#__PURE__*/Object.freeze({
+               __proto__: null,
+               operationCircularize: operationCircularize,
+               operationContinue: operationContinue,
+               operationCopy: operationCopy,
+               operationDelete: operationDelete,
+               operationDisconnect: operationDisconnect,
+               operationDowngrade: operationDowngrade,
+               operationExtract: operationExtract,
+               operationMerge: operationMerge,
+               operationMove: operationMove,
+               operationOrthogonalize: operationOrthogonalize,
+               operationPaste: operationPaste,
+               operationReflectShort: operationReflectShort,
+               operationReflectLong: operationReflectLong,
+               operationReverse: operationReverse,
+               operationRotate: operationRotate,
+               operationSplit: operationSplit,
+               operationStraighten: operationStraighten
+       });
 
+       function modeSelect(context, selectedIDs) {
+         var mode = {
+           id: 'select',
+           button: 'browse'
+         };
+         var keybinding = utilKeybinding('select');
 
-               // Setup map dimensions and move map to initial center/zoom.
-               // This should happen after .main-content and toolbars exist.
-               ui.onResize();
-               map.redrawEnable(true);
+         var _breatheBehavior = behaviorBreathe();
 
-               ui.hash = behaviorHash(context);
-               ui.hash();
-               if (!ui.hash.hadHash) {
-                   map.centerZoom([0, 0], 2);
-               }
+         var _modeDragNode = modeDragNode(context);
 
+         var _selectBehavior;
 
-               var overMap = content
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'over-map');
+         var _behaviors = [];
+         var _operations = [];
+         var _newFeature = false;
+         var _follow = false; // `_focusedParentWayId` is used when we visit a vertex with multiple
+         // parents, and we want to remember which parent line we started on.
 
-               // Map controls
-               var controls = overMap
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'map-controls');
+         var _focusedParentWayId;
 
-               controls
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'map-control zoombuttons')
-                   .call(uiZoom(context));
+         var _focusedVertexIds;
 
-               controls
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'map-control zoom-to-selection-control')
-                   .call(uiZoomToSelection(context));
+         function singular() {
+           if (selectedIDs && selectedIDs.length === 1) {
+             return context.hasEntity(selectedIDs[0]);
+           }
+         }
 
-               controls
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'map-control geolocate-control')
-                   .call(uiGeolocate(context));
+         function selectedEntities() {
+           return selectedIDs.map(function (id) {
+             return context.hasEntity(id);
+           }).filter(Boolean);
+         }
 
-               // Add panes
-               // This should happen after map is initialized, as some require surface()
-               var panes = overMap
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'map-panes');
-
-               var uiPanes = [
-                   uiPaneBackground(context),
-                   uiPaneMapData(context),
-                   uiPaneIssues(context),
-                   uiPanePreferences(context),
-                   uiPaneHelp(context)
-               ];
+         function checkSelectedIDs() {
+           var ids = [];
 
-               uiPanes.forEach(function(pane) {
-                   controls
-                       .append('div')
-                       .attr('class', 'map-control map-pane-control ' + pane.id + '-control')
-                       .call(pane.renderToggleButton);
+           if (Array.isArray(selectedIDs)) {
+             ids = selectedIDs.filter(function (id) {
+               return context.hasEntity(id);
+             });
+           }
 
-                   panes
-                       .call(pane.renderPane);
-               });
+           if (!ids.length) {
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             return false;
+           } else if (selectedIDs.length > 1 && ids.length === 1 || selectedIDs.length === 1 && ids.length > 1) {
+             // switch between single- and multi-select UI
+             context.enter(modeSelect(context, ids));
+             return false;
+           }
 
-               ui.info = uiInfo(context);
+           selectedIDs = ids;
+           return true;
+         } // find the parent ways for nextVertex, previousVertex, and selectParent
 
-               // Add absolutely-positioned elements that sit on top of the map
-               // This should happen after the map is ready (center/zoom)
-               overMap
-                   .call(uiMapInMap(context))
-                   .call(ui.info)
-                   .call(uiNotice(context));
 
+         function parentWaysIdsOfSelection(onlyCommonParents) {
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var parents = [];
 
-               overMap
-                   .append('div')
-                   .attr('class', 'photoviewer')
-                   .classed('al', true)       // 'al'=left,  'ar'=right
-                   .classed('hide', true)
-                   .call(ui.photoviewer);
+           for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(selectedIDs[i]);
 
+             if (!entity || entity.geometry(graph) !== 'vertex') {
+               return []; // selection includes some non-vertices
+             }
 
-               // Bind events
-               window.onbeforeunload = function() {
-                   return context.save();
-               };
-               window.onunload = function() {
-                   context.history().unlock();
-               };
+             var currParents = graph.parentWays(entity).map(function (w) {
+               return w.id;
+             });
 
-               select(window)
-                   .on('resize.editor', ui.onResize);
-
-
-               var panPixels = 80;
-               context.keybinding()
-                   .on('⌫', function() { event.preventDefault(); })
-                   .on([_t('sidebar.key'), '`', '²', '@'], ui.sidebar.toggle)   // #5663, #6864 - common QWERTY, AZERTY
-                   .on('←', pan([panPixels, 0]))
-                   .on('↑', pan([0, panPixels]))
-                   .on('→', pan([-panPixels, 0]))
-                   .on('↓', pan([0, -panPixels]))
-                   .on(uiCmd('⌘←'), pan([map.dimensions()[0], 0]))
-                   .on(uiCmd('⌘↑'), pan([0, map.dimensions()[1]]))
-                   .on(uiCmd('⌘→'), pan([-map.dimensions()[0], 0]))
-                   .on(uiCmd('⌘↓'), pan([0, -map.dimensions()[1]]))
-                   .on(uiCmd('⌘' + _t('background.key')), function quickSwitch() {
-                       if (event) {
-                           event.stopImmediatePropagation();
-                           event.preventDefault();
-                       }
-                       var previousBackground = context.background().findSource(corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle'));
-                       if (previousBackground) {
-                           var currentBackground = context.background().baseLayerSource();
-                           corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle', currentBackground.id);
-                           corePreferences('background-last-used', previousBackground.id);
-                           context.background().baseLayerSource(previousBackground);
-                       }
-                   })
-                   .on(_t('area_fill.wireframe.key'), function toggleWireframe() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-                       context.map().toggleWireframe();
-                   })
-                   .on(uiCmd('⌥' + _t('area_fill.wireframe.key')), function toggleOsmData() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       event.stopPropagation();
-
-                       // Don't allow layer changes while drawing - #6584
-                       var mode = context.mode();
-                       if (mode && /^draw/.test(mode.id)) return;
-
-                       var layer = context.layers().layer('osm');
-                       if (layer) {
-                           layer.enabled(!layer.enabled());
-                           if (!layer.enabled()) {
-                               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
-                           }
-                       }
-                   })
-                   .on(_t('map_data.highlight_edits.key'), function toggleHighlightEdited() {
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       context.map().toggleHighlightEdited();
-                   });
+             if (!parents.length) {
+               parents = currParents;
+               continue;
+             }
 
-               context
-                   .on('enter.editor', function(entered) {
-                       container
-                           .classed('mode-' + entered.id, true);
-                   })
-                   .on('exit.editor', function(exited) {
-                       container
-                           .classed('mode-' + exited.id, false);
-                   });
+             parents = (onlyCommonParents ? utilArrayIntersection : utilArrayUnion)(parents, currParents);
 
-               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+             if (!parents.length) {
+               return [];
+             }
+           }
 
-               if (!_initCounter++) {
-                   if (!ui.hash.startWalkthrough) {
-                       context.container()
-                           .call(uiSplash(context))
-                           .call(uiRestore(context));
-                   }
+           return parents;
+         } // find the child nodes for selected ways
 
-                   context.container()
-                       .call(uiShortcuts(context));
-               }
 
-               var osm = context.connection();
-               var auth = uiLoading(context).message(_t('loading_auth')).blocking(true);
+         function childNodeIdsOfSelection(onlyCommon) {
+           var graph = context.graph();
+           var childs = [];
 
-               if (osm && auth) {
-                   osm
-                       .on('authLoading.ui', function() {
-                           context.container()
-                               .call(auth);
-                       })
-                       .on('authDone.ui', function() {
-                           auth.close();
-                       });
-               }
+           for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
+             var entity = context.hasEntity(selectedIDs[i]);
 
-               _initCounter++;
+             if (!entity || !['area', 'line'].includes(entity.geometry(graph))) {
+               return []; // selection includes non-area/non-line
+             }
 
-               if (ui.hash.startWalkthrough) {
-                   ui.hash.startWalkthrough = false;
-                   context.container().call(uiIntro(context));
-               }
+             var currChilds = graph.childNodes(entity).map(function (node) {
+               return node.id;
+             });
 
+             if (!childs.length) {
+               childs = currChilds;
+               continue;
+             }
 
-               function pan(d) {
-                   return function() {
-                       if (event.shiftKey) return;
-                       if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
-                       event.preventDefault();
-                       context.map().pan(d, 100);
-                   };
-               }
+             childs = (onlyCommon ? utilArrayIntersection : utilArrayUnion)(childs, currChilds);
 
+             if (!childs.length) {
+               return [];
+             }
            }
 
+           return childs;
+         }
 
-           let ui = {};
-
-           let _loadPromise;
-           // renders the iD interface into the container node
-           ui.ensureLoaded = () => {
-
-               if (_loadPromise) return _loadPromise;
-
-               return _loadPromise = Promise.all([
-                       // must have strings and presets before loading the UI
-                       _mainLocalizer.ensureLoaded(),
-                       _mainPresetIndex.ensureLoaded()
-                   ])
-                   .then(() => {
-                       if (!context.container().empty()) render(context.container());
-                   })
-                   .catch(err => console.error(err));  // eslint-disable-line
-           };
-
-
-           // `ui.restart()` will destroy and rebuild the entire iD interface,
-           // for example to switch the locale while iD is running.
-           ui.restart = function() {
-               context.keybinding().clear();
+         function checkFocusedParent() {
+           if (_focusedParentWayId) {
+             var parents = parentWaysIdsOfSelection(true);
+             if (parents.indexOf(_focusedParentWayId) === -1) _focusedParentWayId = null;
+           }
+         }
 
-               _loadPromise = null;
+         function parentWayIdForVertexNavigation() {
+           var parentIds = parentWaysIdsOfSelection(true);
 
-               context.container().selectAll('*').remove();
+           if (_focusedParentWayId && parentIds.indexOf(_focusedParentWayId) !== -1) {
+             // prefer the previously seen parent
+             return _focusedParentWayId;
+           }
 
-               ui.ensureLoaded();
-           };
+           return parentIds.length ? parentIds[0] : null;
+         }
 
-           ui.lastPointerType = function() {
-               return _lastPointerType;
-           };
+         mode.selectedIDs = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return selectedIDs;
+           selectedIDs = val;
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-           ui.flash = uiFlash(context);
+         mode.zoomToSelected = function () {
+           context.map().zoomToEase(selectedEntities());
+         };
 
-           ui.sidebar = uiSidebar(context);
+         mode.newFeature = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _newFeature;
+           _newFeature = val;
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-           ui.photoviewer = uiPhotoviewer(context);
+         mode.selectBehavior = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _selectBehavior;
+           _selectBehavior = val;
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-           ui.onResize = function(withPan) {
-               var map = context.map();
+         mode.follow = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _follow;
+           _follow = val;
+           return mode;
+         };
 
-               // Recalc dimensions of map and sidebar.. (`true` = force recalc)
-               // This will call `getBoundingClientRect` and trigger reflow,
-               //  but the values will be cached for later use.
-               var mapDimensions = utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.main-content'), true);
-               utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.sidebar'), true);
+         function loadOperations() {
+           _operations.forEach(function (operation) {
+             if (operation.behavior) {
+               context.uninstall(operation.behavior);
+             }
+           });
 
-               if (withPan !== undefined) {
-                   map.redrawEnable(false);
-                   map.pan(withPan);
-                   map.redrawEnable(true);
-               }
-               map.dimensions(mapDimensions);
+           _operations = Object.values(Operations).map(function (o) {
+             return o(context, selectedIDs);
+           }).filter(function (o) {
+             return o.id !== 'delete' && o.id !== 'downgrade' && o.id !== 'copy';
+           }).concat([// group copy/downgrade/delete operation together at the end of the list
+           operationCopy(context, selectedIDs), operationDowngrade(context, selectedIDs), operationDelete(context, selectedIDs)]).filter(function (operation) {
+             return operation.available();
+           });
 
-               ui.photoviewer.onMapResize();
+           _operations.forEach(function (operation) {
+             if (operation.behavior) {
+               context.install(operation.behavior);
+             }
+           }); // remove any displayed menu
 
-               // check if header or footer have overflowed
-               ui.checkOverflow('.top-toolbar');
-               ui.checkOverflow('.map-footer-bar');
 
-               // Use outdated code so it works on Explorer
-               var resizeWindowEvent = document.createEvent('Event');
+           context.ui().closeEditMenu();
+         }
 
-               resizeWindowEvent.initEvent('resizeWindow', true, true);
+         mode.operations = function () {
+           return _operations;
+         };
 
-               document.dispatchEvent(resizeWindowEvent);
-           };
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           if (!checkSelectedIDs()) return;
+           context.features().forceVisible(selectedIDs);
 
+           _modeDragNode.restoreSelectedIDs(selectedIDs);
 
-           // Call checkOverflow when resizing or whenever the contents change.
-           ui.checkOverflow = function(selector, reset) {
-               if (reset) {
-                   delete _needWidth[selector];
-               }
+           loadOperations();
 
-               var element = select(selector);
-               var scrollWidth = element.property('scrollWidth');
-               var clientWidth = element.property('clientWidth');
-               var needed = _needWidth[selector] || scrollWidth;
+           if (!_behaviors.length) {
+             if (!_selectBehavior) _selectBehavior = behaviorSelect(context);
+             _behaviors = [behaviorPaste(context), _breatheBehavior, behaviorHover(context).on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hoverModeSelect), _selectBehavior, behaviorLasso(context), _modeDragNode.behavior, modeDragNote(context).behavior];
+           }
 
-               if (scrollWidth > clientWidth) {    // overflow happening
-                   element.classed('narrow', true);
-                   if (!_needWidth[selector]) {
-                       _needWidth[selector] = scrollWidth;
-                   }
+           _behaviors.forEach(context.install);
 
-               } else if (scrollWidth >= needed) {
-                   element.classed('narrow', false);
-               }
-           };
+           keybinding.on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected).on(['[', 'pgup'], previousVertex).on([']', 'pgdown'], nextVertex).on(['{', uiCmd('⌘['), 'home'], firstVertex).on(['}', uiCmd('⌘]'), 'end'], lastVertex).on(uiCmd('⇧←'), nudgeSelection([-10, 0])).on(uiCmd('⇧↑'), nudgeSelection([0, -10])).on(uiCmd('⇧→'), nudgeSelection([10, 0])).on(uiCmd('⇧↓'), nudgeSelection([0, 10])).on(uiCmd('⇧⌥←'), nudgeSelection([-100, 0])).on(uiCmd('⇧⌥↑'), nudgeSelection([0, -100])).on(uiCmd('⇧⌥→'), nudgeSelection([100, 0])).on(uiCmd('⇧⌥↓'), nudgeSelection([0, 100])).on(utilKeybinding.plusKeys.map(function (key) {
+             return uiCmd('⇧' + key);
+           }), scaleSelection(1.05)).on(utilKeybinding.plusKeys.map(function (key) {
+             return uiCmd('⇧⌥' + key);
+           }), scaleSelection(Math.pow(1.05, 5))).on(utilKeybinding.minusKeys.map(function (key) {
+             return uiCmd('⇧' + key);
+           }), scaleSelection(1 / 1.05)).on(utilKeybinding.minusKeys.map(function (key) {
+             return uiCmd('⇧⌥' + key);
+           }), scaleSelection(1 / Math.pow(1.05, 5))).on(['\\', 'pause'], focusNextParent).on(uiCmd('⌘↑'), selectParent).on(uiCmd('⌘↓'), selectChild).on('⎋', esc, true);
+           select(document).call(keybinding);
+           context.ui().sidebar.select(selectedIDs, _newFeature);
+           context.history().on('change.select', function () {
+             loadOperations(); // reselect after change in case relation members were removed or added
 
-           ui.togglePanes = function(showPane) {
-               var shownPanes = context.container().selectAll('.map-pane.shown');
+             selectElements();
+           }).on('undone.select', checkSelectedIDs).on('redone.select', checkSelectedIDs);
+           context.map().on('drawn.select', selectElements).on('crossEditableZoom.select', function () {
+             selectElements();
 
-               var side = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr' ? 'right' : 'left';
+             _breatheBehavior.restartIfNeeded(context.surface());
+           });
+           context.map().doubleUpHandler().on('doubleUp.modeSelect', didDoubleUp);
+           selectElements();
 
-               shownPanes
-                   .classed('shown', false);
+           if (_follow) {
+             var extent = geoExtent();
+             var graph = context.graph();
+             selectedIDs.forEach(function (id) {
+               var entity = context.entity(id);
 
-               context.container().selectAll('.map-pane-control button')
-                   .classed('active', false);
+               extent._extend(entity.extent(graph));
+             });
+             var loc = extent.center();
+             context.map().centerEase(loc); // we could enter the mode multiple times, so reset follow for next time
 
-               if (showPane) {
-                   shownPanes
-                       .style('display', 'none')
-                       .style(side, '-500px');
+             _follow = false;
+           }
 
-                   context.container().selectAll('.' + showPane.attr('pane') + '-control button')
-                       .classed('active', true);
+           function nudgeSelection(delta) {
+             return function () {
+               // prevent nudging during low zoom selection
+               if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
+               var moveOp = operationMove(context, selectedIDs);
 
-                   showPane
-                       .classed('shown', true)
-                       .style('display', 'block');
-                   if (shownPanes.empty()) {
-                       showPane
-                           .style('display', 'block')
-                           .style(side, '-500px')
-                           .transition()
-                           .duration(200)
-                           .style(side, '0px');
-                   } else {
-                       showPane
-                           .style(side, '0px');
-                   }
+               if (moveOp.disabled()) {
+                 context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-operation-' + moveOp.id).iconClass('operation disabled').label(moveOp.tooltip)();
                } else {
-                   shownPanes
-                       .style('display', 'block')
-                       .style(side, '0px')
-                       .transition()
-                       .duration(200)
-                       .style(side, '-500px')
-                       .on('end', function() {
-                           select(this).style('display', 'none');
-                       });
+                 context.perform(actionMove(selectedIDs, delta, context.projection), moveOp.annotation());
+                 context.validator().validate();
                }
-           };
-
-
-           var _editMenu = uiEditMenu(context);
+             };
+           }
 
-           ui.editMenu = function() {
-               return _editMenu;
-           };
+           function scaleSelection(factor) {
+             return function () {
+               // prevent scaling during low zoom selection
+               if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
+               var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
+               var isUp = factor > 1; // can only scale if multiple nodes are selected
 
-           ui.showEditMenu = function(anchorPoint, triggerType, operations) {
+               if (nodes.length <= 1) return;
+               var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph()); // These disabled checks would normally be handled by an operation
+               // object, but we don't want an actual scale operation at this point.
 
-               // remove any displayed menu
-               ui.closeEditMenu();
+               function scalingDisabled() {
+                 if (tooSmall()) {
+                   return 'too_small';
+                 } else if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
+                   return 'too_large';
+                 } else if (someMissing() || selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
+                   return 'not_downloaded';
+                 } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
+                   return 'connected_to_hidden';
+                 }
 
-               if (!operations && context.mode().operations) operations = context.mode().operations();
-               if (!operations || !operations.length) return;
+                 return false;
 
-               // disable menu if in wide selection, for example
-               if (!context.map().editableDataEnabled()) return;
+                 function tooSmall() {
+                   if (isUp) return false;
+                   var dLon = Math.abs(extent[1][0] - extent[0][0]);
+                   var dLat = Math.abs(extent[1][1] - extent[0][1]);
+                   return dLon < geoMetersToLon(1, extent[1][1]) && dLat < geoMetersToLat(1);
+                 }
 
-               var surfaceNode = context.surface().node();
-               if (surfaceNode.focus) {   // FF doesn't support it
-                   // focus the surface or else clicking off the menu may not trigger modeBrowse
-                   surfaceNode.focus();
-               }
+                 function someMissing() {
+                   if (context.inIntro()) return false;
+                   var osm = context.connection();
 
-               operations.forEach(function(operation) {
-                   if (operation.point) operation.point(anchorPoint);
-               });
+                   if (osm) {
+                     var missing = nodes.filter(function (n) {
+                       return !osm.isDataLoaded(n.loc);
+                     });
 
-               _editMenu
-                   .anchorLoc(anchorPoint)
-                   .triggerType(triggerType)
-                   .operations(operations);
+                     if (missing.length) {
+                       missing.forEach(function (loc) {
+                         context.loadTileAtLoc(loc);
+                       });
+                       return true;
+                     }
+                   }
 
-               // render the menu
-               context.map().supersurface.call(_editMenu);
-           };
+                   return false;
+                 }
 
-           ui.closeEditMenu = function() {
-               // remove any existing menu no matter how it was added
-               context.map().supersurface
-                   .select('.edit-menu').remove();
-           };
+                 function incompleteRelation(id) {
+                   var entity = context.entity(id);
+                   return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
+                 }
+               }
 
+               var disabled = scalingDisabled();
 
-           var _saveLoading = select(null);
+               if (disabled) {
+                 var multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
+                 context.ui().flash.duration(4000).iconName('#iD-icon-no').iconClass('operation disabled').label(_t.html('operations.scale.' + disabled + '.' + multi))();
+               } else {
+                 var pivot = context.projection(extent.center());
+                 var annotation = _t('operations.scale.annotation.' + (isUp ? 'up' : 'down') + '.feature', {
+                   n: selectedIDs.length
+                 });
+                 context.perform(actionScale(selectedIDs, pivot, factor, context.projection), annotation);
+                 context.validator().validate();
+               }
+             };
+           }
 
-           context.uploader()
-               .on('saveStarted.ui', function() {
-                   _saveLoading = uiLoading(context)
-                       .message(_t('save.uploading'))
-                       .blocking(true);
-                   context.container().call(_saveLoading);  // block input during upload
-               })
-               .on('saveEnded.ui', function() {
-                   _saveLoading.close();
-                   _saveLoading = select(null);
-               });
+           function didDoubleUp(d3_event, loc) {
+             if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) return;
+             var target = select(d3_event.target);
+             var datum = target.datum();
+             var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
+             if (!entity) return;
+
+             if (entity instanceof osmWay && target.classed('target')) {
+               var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(entity), loc, context.projection);
+               var prev = entity.nodes[choice.index - 1];
+               var next = entity.nodes[choice.index];
+               context.perform(actionAddMidpoint({
+                 loc: choice.loc,
+                 edge: [prev, next]
+               }, osmNode()), _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex'));
+               context.validator().validate();
+             } else if (entity.type === 'midpoint') {
+               context.perform(actionAddMidpoint({
+                 loc: entity.loc,
+                 edge: entity.edge
+               }, osmNode()), _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex'));
+               context.validator().validate();
+             }
+           }
 
-           return ui;
-       }
+           function selectElements() {
+             if (!checkSelectedIDs()) return;
+             var surface = context.surface();
+             surface.selectAll('.selected-member').classed('selected-member', false);
+             surface.selectAll('.selected').classed('selected', false);
+             surface.selectAll('.related').classed('related', false); // reload `_focusedParentWayId` based on the current selection
 
-       function coreContext() {
-         const dispatch$1 = dispatch('enter', 'exit', 'change');
-         let context = utilRebind({}, dispatch$1, 'on');
-         let _deferred = new Set();
+             checkFocusedParent();
 
-         context.version = '2.18.0';
-         context.privacyVersion = '20200407';
+             if (_focusedParentWayId) {
+               surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector([_focusedParentWayId])).classed('related', true);
+             }
 
-         // iD will alter the hash so cache the parameters intended to setup the session
-         context.initialHashParams = window.location.hash ? utilStringQs(window.location.hash) : {};
+             if (context.map().withinEditableZoom()) {
+               // Apply selection styling if not in wide selection
+               surface.selectAll(utilDeepMemberSelector(selectedIDs, context.graph(), true
+               /* skipMultipolgonMembers */
+               )).classed('selected-member', true);
+               surface.selectAll(utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector(selectedIDs, context.graph())).classed('selected', true);
+             }
+           }
 
-         context.isFirstSession = !corePreferences('sawSplash') && !corePreferences('sawPrivacyVersion');
+           function esc() {
+             if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) return;
+             context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+           }
 
+           function firstVertex(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var entity = singular();
+             var parentId = parentWayIdForVertexNavigation();
+             var way;
 
-         /* Changeset */
-         // An osmChangeset object. Not loaded until needed.
-         context.changeset = null;
+             if (entity && entity.type === 'way') {
+               way = entity;
+             } else if (parentId) {
+               way = context.entity(parentId);
+             }
 
-         let _defaultChangesetComment = context.initialHashParams.comment;
-         let _defaultChangesetSource = context.initialHashParams.source;
-         let _defaultChangesetHashtags = context.initialHashParams.hashtags;
-         context.defaultChangesetComment = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _defaultChangesetComment;
-           _defaultChangesetComment = val;
-           return context;
-         };
-         context.defaultChangesetSource = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _defaultChangesetSource;
-           _defaultChangesetSource = val;
-           return context;
-         };
-         context.defaultChangesetHashtags = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _defaultChangesetHashtags;
-           _defaultChangesetHashtags = val;
-           return context;
-         };
+             _focusedParentWayId = way && way.id;
 
-         /* Document title */
-         /* (typically shown as the label for the browser window/tab) */
+             if (way) {
+               context.enter(mode.selectedIDs([way.first()]).follow(true));
+             }
+           }
 
-         // If true, iD will update the title based on what the user is doing
-         let _setsDocumentTitle = true;
-         context.setsDocumentTitle = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _setsDocumentTitle;
-           _setsDocumentTitle = val;
-           return context;
-         };
-         // The part of the title that is always the same
-         let _documentTitleBase = document.title;
-         context.documentTitleBase = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _documentTitleBase;
-           _documentTitleBase = val;
-           return context;
-         };
+           function lastVertex(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var entity = singular();
+             var parentId = parentWayIdForVertexNavigation();
+             var way;
 
+             if (entity && entity.type === 'way') {
+               way = entity;
+             } else if (parentId) {
+               way = context.entity(parentId);
+             }
 
-         /* User interface and keybinding */
-         let _ui;
-         context.ui = () => _ui;
-         context.lastPointerType = () => _ui.lastPointerType();
+             _focusedParentWayId = way && way.id;
 
-         let _keybinding = utilKeybinding('context');
-         context.keybinding = () => _keybinding;
-         select(document).call(_keybinding);
+             if (way) {
+               context.enter(mode.selectedIDs([way.last()]).follow(true));
+             }
+           }
 
+           function previousVertex(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var parentId = parentWayIdForVertexNavigation();
+             _focusedParentWayId = parentId;
+             if (!parentId) return;
+             var way = context.entity(parentId);
+             var length = way.nodes.length;
+             var curr = way.nodes.indexOf(selectedIDs[0]);
+             var index = -1;
 
-         /* Straight accessors. Avoid using these if you can. */
-         let _connection;
-         let _history;
-         let _validator;
-         let _uploader;
-         context.connection = () => _connection;
-         context.history = () => _history;
-         context.validator = () => _validator;
-         context.uploader = () => _uploader;
+             if (curr > 0) {
+               index = curr - 1;
+             } else if (way.isClosed()) {
+               index = length - 2;
+             }
 
-         /* Connection */
-         context.preauth = (options) => {
-           if (_connection) {
-             _connection.switch(options);
+             if (index !== -1) {
+               context.enter(mode.selectedIDs([way.nodes[index]]).follow(true));
+             }
            }
-           return context;
-         };
 
-         /* connection options for source switcher (optional) */
-         let _apiConnections;
-         context.apiConnections = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _apiConnections;
-           _apiConnections = val;
-           return context;
-         };
+           function nextVertex(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var parentId = parentWayIdForVertexNavigation();
+             _focusedParentWayId = parentId;
+             if (!parentId) return;
+             var way = context.entity(parentId);
+             var length = way.nodes.length;
+             var curr = way.nodes.indexOf(selectedIDs[0]);
+             var index = -1;
 
+             if (curr < length - 1) {
+               index = curr + 1;
+             } else if (way.isClosed()) {
+               index = 0;
+             }
 
-         function afterLoad(cid, callback) {
-           return (err, result) => {
-             if (err) {
-               // 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden..
-               if (err.status === 400 || err.status === 401 || err.status === 403) {
-                 if (_connection) {
-                   _connection.logout();
-                 }
-               }
-               if (typeof callback === 'function') {
-                 callback(err);
-               }
-               return;
+             if (index !== -1) {
+               context.enter(mode.selectedIDs([way.nodes[index]]).follow(true));
+             }
+           }
 
-             } else if (_connection && _connection.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
-               if (typeof callback === 'function') {
-                 callback({ message: 'Connection Switched', status: -1 });
-               }
-               return;
+           function focusNextParent(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var parents = parentWaysIdsOfSelection(true);
+             if (!parents || parents.length < 2) return;
+             var index = parents.indexOf(_focusedParentWayId);
 
+             if (index < 0 || index > parents.length - 2) {
+               _focusedParentWayId = parents[0];
              } else {
-               _history.merge(result.data, result.extent);
-               if (typeof callback === 'function') {
-                 callback(err, result);
-               }
-               return;
+               _focusedParentWayId = parents[index + 1];
              }
-           };
-         }
 
+             var surface = context.surface();
+             surface.selectAll('.related').classed('related', false);
 
-         context.loadTiles = (projection, callback) => {
-           const handle = window.requestIdleCallback(() => {
-             _deferred.delete(handle);
-             if (_connection && context.editableDataEnabled()) {
-               const cid = _connection.getConnectionId();
-               _connection.loadTiles(projection, afterLoad(cid, callback));
+             if (_focusedParentWayId) {
+               surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector([_focusedParentWayId])).classed('related', true);
              }
-           });
-           _deferred.add(handle);
-         };
+           }
 
-         context.loadTileAtLoc = (loc, callback) => {
-           const handle = window.requestIdleCallback(() => {
-             _deferred.delete(handle);
-             if (_connection && context.editableDataEnabled()) {
-               const cid = _connection.getConnectionId();
-               _connection.loadTileAtLoc(loc, afterLoad(cid, callback));
-             }
-           });
-           _deferred.add(handle);
-         };
+           function selectParent(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var currentSelectedIds = mode.selectedIDs();
+             var parentIds = _focusedParentWayId ? [_focusedParentWayId] : parentWaysIdsOfSelection(false);
+             if (!parentIds.length) return;
+             context.enter(mode.selectedIDs(parentIds)); // set this after re-entering the selection since we normally want it cleared on exit
 
-         context.loadEntity = (entityID, callback) => {
-           if (_connection) {
-             const cid = _connection.getConnectionId();
-             _connection.loadEntity(entityID, afterLoad(cid, callback));
+             _focusedVertexIds = currentSelectedIds;
            }
-         };
 
-         context.zoomToEntity = (entityID, zoomTo) => {
-           if (zoomTo !== false) {
-             context.loadEntity(entityID, (err, result) => {
-               if (err) return;
-               const entity = result.data.find(e => e.id === entityID);
-               if (entity) {
-                 _map.zoomTo(entity);
-               }
-             });
+           function selectChild(d3_event) {
+             d3_event.preventDefault();
+             var currentSelectedIds = mode.selectedIDs();
+             var childIds = _focusedVertexIds ? _focusedVertexIds.filter(function (id) {
+               return context.hasEntity(id);
+             }) : childNodeIdsOfSelection(true);
+             if (!childIds || !childIds.length) return;
+             if (currentSelectedIds.length === 1) _focusedParentWayId = currentSelectedIds[0];
+             context.enter(mode.selectedIDs(childIds));
            }
+         };
 
-           _map.on('drawn.zoomToEntity', () => {
-             if (!context.hasEntity(entityID)) return;
-             _map.on('drawn.zoomToEntity', null);
-             context.on('enter.zoomToEntity', null);
-             context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
-           });
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           // we could enter the mode multiple times but it's only new the first time
+           _newFeature = false;
+           _focusedVertexIds = null;
 
-           context.on('enter.zoomToEntity', () => {
-             if (_mode.id !== 'browse') {
-               _map.on('drawn.zoomToEntity', null);
-               context.on('enter.zoomToEntity', null);
+           _operations.forEach(function (operation) {
+             if (operation.behavior) {
+               context.uninstall(operation.behavior);
              }
            });
-         };
 
-         let _minEditableZoom = 16;
-         context.minEditableZoom = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _minEditableZoom;
-           _minEditableZoom = val;
-           if (_connection) {
-             _connection.tileZoom(val);
+           _operations = [];
+
+           _behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
+
+           select(document).call(keybinding.unbind);
+           context.ui().closeEditMenu();
+           context.history().on('change.select', null).on('undone.select', null).on('redone.select', null);
+           var surface = context.surface();
+           surface.selectAll('.selected-member').classed('selected-member', false);
+           surface.selectAll('.selected').classed('selected', false);
+           surface.selectAll('.highlighted').classed('highlighted', false);
+           surface.selectAll('.related').classed('related', false);
+           context.map().on('drawn.select', null);
+           context.ui().sidebar.hide();
+           context.features().forceVisible([]);
+           var entity = singular();
+
+           if (_newFeature && entity && entity.type === 'relation' && // no tags
+           Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0 && // no parent relations
+           context.graph().parentRelations(entity).length === 0 && ( // no members or one member with no role
+           entity.members.length === 0 || entity.members.length === 1 && !entity.members[0].role)) {
+             // the user added this relation but didn't edit it at all, so just delete it
+             var deleteAction = actionDeleteRelation(entity.id, true
+             /* don't delete untagged members */
+             );
+             context.perform(deleteAction, _t('operations.delete.annotation.relation'));
+             context.validator().validate();
            }
-           return context;
          };
 
-         // String length limits in Unicode characters, not JavaScript UTF-16 code units
-         context.maxCharsForTagKey = () => 255;
-         context.maxCharsForTagValue = () => 255;
-         context.maxCharsForRelationRole = () => 255;
+         return mode;
+       }
 
-         function cleanOsmString(val, maxChars) {
-           // be lenient with input
-           if (val === undefined || val === null) {
-             val = '';
-           } else {
-             val = val.toString();
-           }
+       function behaviorLasso(context) {
+         // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
+         var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';
 
-           // remove whitespace
-           val = val.trim();
+         var behavior = function behavior(selection) {
+           var lasso;
 
-           // use the canonical form of the string
-           if (val.normalize) val = val.normalize('NFC');
+           function pointerdown(d3_event) {
+             var button = 0; // left
 
-           // trim to the number of allowed characters
-           return utilUnicodeCharsTruncated(val, maxChars);
-         }
-         context.cleanTagKey = (val) => cleanOsmString(val, context.maxCharsForTagKey());
-         context.cleanTagValue = (val) => cleanOsmString(val, context.maxCharsForTagValue());
-         context.cleanRelationRole = (val) => cleanOsmString(val, context.maxCharsForRelationRole());
+             if (d3_event.button === button && d3_event.shiftKey === true) {
+               lasso = null;
+               select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.lasso', pointermove).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.lasso', pointerup);
+               d3_event.stopPropagation();
+             }
+           }
 
+           function pointermove() {
+             if (!lasso) {
+               lasso = uiLasso(context);
+               context.surface().call(lasso);
+             }
 
-         /* History */
-         let _inIntro = false;
-         context.inIntro = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _inIntro;
-           _inIntro = val;
-           return context;
-         };
+             lasso.p(context.map().mouse());
+           }
 
-         // Immediately save the user's history to localstorage, if possible
-         // This is called someteimes, but also on the `window.onbeforeunload` handler
-         context.save = () => {
-           // no history save, no message onbeforeunload
-           if (_inIntro || context.container().select('.modal').size()) return;
+           function normalize(a, b) {
+             return [[Math.min(a[0], b[0]), Math.min(a[1], b[1])], [Math.max(a[0], b[0]), Math.max(a[1], b[1])]];
+           }
 
-           let canSave;
-           if (_mode && _mode.id === 'save') {
-             canSave = false;
+           function lassoed() {
+             if (!lasso) return [];
+             var graph = context.graph();
+             var limitToNodes;
 
-             // Attempt to prevent user from creating duplicate changes - see #5200
-             if (services.osm && services.osm.isChangesetInflight()) {
-               _history.clearSaved();
-               return;
+             if (context.map().editableDataEnabled(true
+             /* skipZoomCheck */
+             ) && context.map().isInWideSelection()) {
+               // only select from the visible nodes
+               limitToNodes = new Set(utilGetAllNodes(context.selectedIDs(), graph));
+             } else if (!context.map().editableDataEnabled()) {
+               return [];
              }
 
-           } else {
-             canSave = context.selectedIDs().every(id => {
-               const entity = context.hasEntity(id);
-               return entity && !entity.isDegenerate();
-             });
-           }
-
-           if (canSave) {
-             _history.save();
-           }
-           if (_history.hasChanges()) {
-             return _t('save.unsaved_changes');
-           }
-         };
+             var bounds = lasso.extent().map(context.projection.invert);
+             var extent = geoExtent(normalize(bounds[0], bounds[1]));
+             var intersects = context.history().intersects(extent).filter(function (entity) {
+               return entity.type === 'node' && (!limitToNodes || limitToNodes.has(entity)) && geoPointInPolygon(context.projection(entity.loc), lasso.coordinates) && !context.features().isHidden(entity, graph, entity.geometry(graph));
+             }); // sort the lassoed nodes as best we can
 
-         // Debounce save, since it's a synchronous localStorage write,
-         // and history changes can happen frequently (e.g. when dragging).
-         context.debouncedSave = debounce(context.save, 350);
+             intersects.sort(function (node1, node2) {
+               var parents1 = graph.parentWays(node1);
+               var parents2 = graph.parentWays(node2);
 
-         function withDebouncedSave(fn) {
-           return function() {
-             const result = fn.apply(_history, arguments);
-             context.debouncedSave();
-             return result;
-           };
-         }
+               if (parents1.length && parents2.length) {
+                 // both nodes are vertices
+                 var sharedParents = utilArrayIntersection(parents1, parents2);
 
+                 if (sharedParents.length) {
+                   var sharedParentNodes = sharedParents[0].nodes; // vertices are members of the same way; sort them in their listed order
 
-         /* Graph */
-         context.hasEntity = (id) => _history.graph().hasEntity(id);
-         context.entity = (id) => _history.graph().entity(id);
+                   return sharedParentNodes.indexOf(node1.id) - sharedParentNodes.indexOf(node2.id);
+                 } else {
+                   // vertices do not share a way; group them by their respective parent ways
+                   return parseFloat(parents1[0].id.slice(1)) - parseFloat(parents2[0].id.slice(1));
+                 }
+               } else if (parents1.length || parents2.length) {
+                 // only one node is a vertex; sort standalone points before vertices
+                 return parents1.length - parents2.length;
+               } // both nodes are standalone points; sort left to right
 
 
-         /* Modes */
-         let _mode;
-         context.mode = () => _mode;
-         context.enter = (newMode) => {
-           if (_mode) {
-             _mode.exit();
-             dispatch$1.call('exit', this, _mode);
+               return node1.loc[0] - node2.loc[0];
+             });
+             return intersects.map(function (entity) {
+               return entity.id;
+             });
            }
 
-           _mode = newMode;
-           _mode.enter();
-           dispatch$1.call('enter', this, _mode);
-         };
+           function pointerup() {
+             select(window).on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.lasso', null).on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.lasso', null);
+             if (!lasso) return;
+             var ids = lassoed();
+             lasso.close();
 
-         context.selectedIDs = () => (_mode && _mode.selectedIDs && _mode.selectedIDs()) || [];
-         context.activeID = () => _mode && _mode.activeID && _mode.activeID();
+             if (ids.length) {
+               context.enter(modeSelect(context, ids));
+             }
+           }
 
-         let _selectedNoteID;
-         context.selectedNoteID = function(noteID) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _selectedNoteID;
-           _selectedNoteID = noteID;
-           return context;
+           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.lasso', pointerdown);
          };
 
-         // NOTE: Don't change the name of this until UI v3 is merged
-         let _selectedErrorID;
-         context.selectedErrorID = function(errorID) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _selectedErrorID;
-           _selectedErrorID = errorID;
-           return context;
+         behavior.off = function (selection) {
+           selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.lasso', null);
          };
 
+         return behavior;
+       }
 
-         /* Behaviors */
-         context.install = (behavior) => context.surface().call(behavior);
-         context.uninstall = (behavior) => context.surface().call(behavior.off);
+       function modeBrowse(context) {
+         var mode = {
+           button: 'browse',
+           id: 'browse',
+           title: _t('modes.browse.title'),
+           description: _t('modes.browse.description')
+         };
+         var sidebar;
 
+         var _selectBehavior;
 
-         /* Copy/Paste */
-         let _copyGraph;
-         context.copyGraph = () => _copyGraph;
+         var _behaviors = [];
 
-         let _copyIDs = [];
-         context.copyIDs = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _copyIDs;
-           _copyIDs = val;
-           _copyGraph = _history.graph();
-           return context;
+         mode.selectBehavior = function (val) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return _selectBehavior;
+           _selectBehavior = val;
+           return mode;
          };
 
-         let _copyLonLat;
-         context.copyLonLat = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _copyLonLat;
-           _copyLonLat = val;
-           return context;
-         };
+         mode.enter = function () {
+           if (!_behaviors.length) {
+             if (!_selectBehavior) _selectBehavior = behaviorSelect(context);
+             _behaviors = [behaviorPaste(context), behaviorHover(context).on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hover), _selectBehavior, behaviorLasso(context), modeDragNode(context).behavior, modeDragNote(context).behavior];
+           }
 
+           _behaviors.forEach(context.install); // Get focus on the body.
 
-         /* Background */
-         let _background;
-         context.background = () => _background;
 
+           if (document.activeElement && document.activeElement.blur) {
+             document.activeElement.blur();
+           }
 
-         /* Features */
-         let _features;
-         context.features = () => _features;
-         context.hasHiddenConnections = (id) => {
-           const graph = _history.graph();
-           const entity = graph.entity(id);
-           return _features.hasHiddenConnections(entity, graph);
+           if (sidebar) {
+             context.ui().sidebar.show(sidebar);
+           } else {
+             context.ui().sidebar.select(null);
+           }
          };
 
+         mode.exit = function () {
+           context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
 
-         /* Photos */
-         let _photos;
-         context.photos = () => _photos;
-
+           _behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);
 
-         /* Map */
-         let _map;
-         context.map = () => _map;
-         context.layers = () => _map.layers();
-         context.surface = () => _map.surface;
-         context.editableDataEnabled = () => _map.editableDataEnabled();
-         context.surfaceRect = () => _map.surface.node().getBoundingClientRect();
-         context.editable = () => {
-           // don't allow editing during save
-           const mode = context.mode();
-           if (!mode || mode.id === 'save') return false;
-           return _map.editableDataEnabled();
+           if (sidebar) {
+             context.ui().sidebar.hide();
+           }
          };
 
-
-         /* Debug */
-         let _debugFlags = {
-           tile: false,        // tile boundaries
-           collision: false,   // label collision bounding boxes
-           imagery: false,     // imagery bounding polygons
-           target: false,      // touch targets
-           downloaded: false   // downloaded data from osm
-         };
-         context.debugFlags = () => _debugFlags;
-         context.getDebug = (flag) => flag && _debugFlags[flag];
-         context.setDebug = function(flag, val) {
-           if (arguments.length === 1) val = true;
-           _debugFlags[flag] = val;
-           dispatch$1.call('change');
-           return context;
+         mode.sidebar = function (_) {
+           if (!arguments.length) return sidebar;
+           sidebar = _;
+           return mode;
          };
 
-
-         /* Container */
-         let _container = select(null);
-         context.container = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _container;
-           _container = val;
-           _container.classed('ideditor', true);
-           return context;
-         };
-         context.containerNode = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return context.container().node();
-           context.container(select(val));
-           return context;
+         mode.operations = function () {
+           return [operationPaste(context)];
          };
 
-         let _embed;
-         context.embed = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _embed;
-           _embed = val;
-           return context;
-         };
+         return mode;
+       }
 
+       function behaviorAddWay(context) {
+         var dispatch = dispatch$8('start', 'startFromWay', 'startFromNode');
+         var draw = behaviorDraw(context);
 
-         /* Assets */
-         let _assetPath = '';
-         context.assetPath = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _assetPath;
-           _assetPath = val;
-           _mainFileFetcher.assetPath(val);
-           return context;
-         };
+         function behavior(surface) {
+           draw.on('click', function () {
+             dispatch.apply('start', this, arguments);
+           }).on('clickWay', function () {
+             dispatch.apply('startFromWay', this, arguments);
+           }).on('clickNode', function () {
+             dispatch.apply('startFromNode', this, arguments);
+           }).on('cancel', behavior.cancel).on('finish', behavior.cancel);
+           context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(false);
+           surface.call(draw);
+         }
 
-         let _assetMap = {};
-         context.assetMap = function(val) {
-           if (!arguments.length) return _assetMap;
-           _assetMap = val;
-           _mainFileFetcher.assetMap(val);
-           return context;
+         behavior.off = function (surface) {
+           surface.call(draw.off);
          };
 
-         context.asset = (val) => {
-           if (/^http(s)?:\/\//i.test(val)) return val;
-           const filename = _assetPath + val;
-           return _assetMap[filename] || filename;
+         behavior.cancel = function () {
+           window.setTimeout(function () {
+             context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
+           }, 1000);
+           context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
          };
 
-         context.imagePath = (val) => context.asset(`img/${val}`);
+         return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch, 'on');
+       }
 
+       function behaviorHash(context) {
+         // cached window.location.hash
+         var _cachedHash = null; // allowable latitude range
+
+         var _latitudeLimit = 90 - 1e-8;
+
+         function computedHashParameters() {
+           var map = context.map();
+           var center = map.center();
+           var zoom = map.zoom();
+           var precision = Math.max(0, Math.ceil(Math.log(zoom) / Math.LN2));
+           var oldParams = utilObjectOmit(utilStringQs(window.location.hash), ['comment', 'source', 'hashtags', 'walkthrough']);
+           var newParams = {};
+           delete oldParams.id;
+           var selected = context.selectedIDs().filter(function (id) {
+             return context.hasEntity(id);
+           });
 
-         /* reset (aka flush) */
-         context.reset = context.flush = () => {
-           context.debouncedSave.cancel();
+           if (selected.length) {
+             newParams.id = selected.join(',');
+           }
 
-           Array.from(_deferred).forEach(handle => {
-             window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
-             _deferred.delete(handle);
-           });
+           newParams.map = zoom.toFixed(2) + '/' + center[1].toFixed(precision) + '/' + center[0].toFixed(precision);
+           return Object.assign(oldParams, newParams);
+         }
 
-           Object.values(services).forEach(service => {
-             if (service && typeof service.reset === 'function') {
-               service.reset(context);
-             }
-           });
+         function computedHash() {
+           return '#' + utilQsString(computedHashParameters(), true);
+         }
 
-           context.changeset = null;
+         function computedTitle(includeChangeCount) {
+           var baseTitle = context.documentTitleBase() || 'iD';
+           var contextual;
+           var changeCount;
+           var titleID;
+           var selected = context.selectedIDs().filter(function (id) {
+             return context.hasEntity(id);
+           });
 
-           _validator.reset();
-           _features.reset();
-           _history.reset();
-           _uploader.reset();
+           if (selected.length) {
+             var firstLabel = utilDisplayLabel(context.entity(selected[0]), context.graph());
 
-           // don't leave stale state in the inspector
-           context.container().select('.inspector-wrap *').remove();
+             if (selected.length > 1) {
+               contextual = _t('title.labeled_and_more', {
+                 labeled: firstLabel,
+                 count: selected.length - 1
+               });
+             } else {
+               contextual = firstLabel;
+             }
 
-           return context;
-         };
+             titleID = 'context';
+           }
 
+           if (includeChangeCount) {
+             changeCount = context.history().difference().summary().length;
 
-         /* Projections */
-         context.projection = geoRawMercator();
-         context.curtainProjection = geoRawMercator();
+             if (changeCount > 0) {
+               titleID = contextual ? 'changes_context' : 'changes';
+             }
+           }
 
+           if (titleID) {
+             return _t('title.format.' + titleID, {
+               changes: changeCount,
+               base: baseTitle,
+               context: contextual
+             });
+           }
 
-         /* Init */
-         context.init = () => {
+           return baseTitle;
+         }
 
-           instantiateInternal();
+         function updateTitle(includeChangeCount) {
+           if (!context.setsDocumentTitle()) return;
+           var newTitle = computedTitle(includeChangeCount);
 
-           initializeDependents();
+           if (document.title !== newTitle) {
+             document.title = newTitle;
+           }
+         }
 
-           return context;
+         function updateHashIfNeeded() {
+           if (context.inIntro()) return;
+           var latestHash = computedHash();
 
-           // Load variables and properties. No property of `context` should be accessed
-           // until this is complete since load statuses are indeterminate. The order
-           // of instantiation shouldn't matter.
-           function instantiateInternal() {
+           if (_cachedHash !== latestHash) {
+             _cachedHash = latestHash; // Update the URL hash without affecting the browser navigation stack,
+             // though unavoidably creating a browser history entry
 
-             _history = coreHistory(context);
-             context.graph = _history.graph;
-             context.pauseChangeDispatch = _history.pauseChangeDispatch;
-             context.resumeChangeDispatch = _history.resumeChangeDispatch;
-             context.perform = withDebouncedSave(_history.perform);
-             context.replace = withDebouncedSave(_history.replace);
-             context.pop = withDebouncedSave(_history.pop);
-             context.overwrite = withDebouncedSave(_history.overwrite);
-             context.undo = withDebouncedSave(_history.undo);
-             context.redo = withDebouncedSave(_history.redo);
+             window.history.replaceState(null, computedTitle(false
+             /* includeChangeCount */
+             ), latestHash); // set the title we want displayed for the browser tab/window
 
-             _validator = coreValidator(context);
-             _uploader = coreUploader(context);
+             updateTitle(true
+             /* includeChangeCount */
+             );
+           }
+         }
 
-             _background = rendererBackground(context);
-             _features = rendererFeatures(context);
-             _map = rendererMap(context);
-             _photos = rendererPhotos(context);
+         var _throttledUpdate = throttle(updateHashIfNeeded, 500);
 
-             _ui = uiInit(context);
+         var _throttledUpdateTitle = throttle(function () {
+           updateTitle(true
+           /* includeChangeCount */
+           );
+         }, 500);
+
+         function hashchange() {
+           // ignore spurious hashchange events
+           if (window.location.hash === _cachedHash) return;
+           _cachedHash = window.location.hash;
+           var q = utilStringQs(_cachedHash);
+           var mapArgs = (q.map || '').split('/').map(Number);
+
+           if (mapArgs.length < 3 || mapArgs.some(isNaN)) {
+             // replace bogus hash
+             updateHashIfNeeded();
+           } else {
+             // don't update if the new hash already reflects the state of iD
+             if (_cachedHash === computedHash()) return;
+             var mode = context.mode();
+             context.map().centerZoom([mapArgs[2], Math.min(_latitudeLimit, Math.max(-_latitudeLimit, mapArgs[1]))], mapArgs[0]);
+
+             if (q.id && mode) {
+               var ids = q.id.split(',').filter(function (id) {
+                 return context.hasEntity(id);
+               });
 
-             _connection = services.osm;
-           }
+               if (ids.length && (mode.id === 'browse' || mode.id === 'select' && !utilArrayIdentical(mode.selectedIDs(), ids))) {
+                 context.enter(modeSelect(context, ids));
+                 return;
+               }
+             }
 
-           // Set up objects that might need to access properties of `context`. The order
-           // might matter if dependents make calls to each other. Be wary of async calls.
-           function initializeDependents() {
+             var center = context.map().center();
+             var dist = geoSphericalDistance(center, [mapArgs[2], mapArgs[1]]);
+             var maxdist = 500; // Don't allow the hash location to change too much while drawing
+             // This can happen if the user accidentally hit the back button.  #3996
 
-             if (context.initialHashParams.presets) {
-               _mainPresetIndex.addablePresetIDs(new Set(context.initialHashParams.presets.split(',')));
+             if (mode && mode.id.match(/^draw/) !== null && dist > maxdist) {
+               context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
+               return;
              }
+           }
+         }
 
-             // kick off some async work
-             _mainLocalizer.ensureLoaded();
-             _background.ensureLoaded();
-             _mainPresetIndex.ensureLoaded();
+         function behavior() {
+           context.map().on('move.behaviorHash', _throttledUpdate);
+           context.history().on('change.behaviorHash', _throttledUpdateTitle);
+           context.on('enter.behaviorHash', _throttledUpdate);
+           select(window).on('hashchange.behaviorHash', hashchange);
 
-             Object.values(services).forEach(service => {
-               if (service && typeof service.init === 'function') {
-                 service.init();
-               }
-             });
+           if (window.location.hash) {
+             var q = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
 
-             _map.init();
-             _validator.init();
-             _features.init();
-             _photos.init();
+             if (q.id) {
+               //if (!context.history().hasRestorableChanges()) {
+               // targeting specific features: download, select, and zoom to them
+               context.zoomToEntity(q.id.split(',')[0], !q.map); //}
+             }
 
-             if (services.maprules && context.initialHashParams.maprules) {
-               d3_json(context.initialHashParams.maprules)
-                 .then(mapcss => {
-                   services.maprules.init();
-                   mapcss.forEach(mapcssSelector => services.maprules.addRule(mapcssSelector));
-                 })
-                 .catch(() => { /* ignore */ });
+             if (q.walkthrough === 'true') {
+               behavior.startWalkthrough = true;
+             }
+
+             if (q.map) {
+               behavior.hadHash = true;
              }
 
-             // if the container isn't available, e.g. when testing, don't load the UI
-             if (!context.container().empty()) _ui.ensureLoaded();
+             hashchange();
+             updateTitle(false);
            }
-         };
+         }
 
+         behavior.off = function () {
+           _throttledUpdate.cancel();
 
-         return context;
+           _throttledUpdateTitle.cancel();
+
+           context.map().on('move.behaviorHash', null);
+           context.on('enter.behaviorHash', null);
+           select(window).on('hashchange.behaviorHash', null);
+           window.location.hash = '';
+         };
+
+         return behavior;
        }
 
-       // When `debug = true`, we use `Object.freeze` on immutables in iD.
        // This is only done in testing because of the performance penalty.
-       let debug = false;
-       let d3 = {
-         customEvent: customEvent,
-         dispatch:  dispatch,
-         event:  event,
+
+       var debug = false; // Reexport just what our tests use, see #4379
+       var d3 = {
+         dispatch: dispatch$8,
          geoMercator: mercator,
          geoProjection: projection,
          polygonArea: d3_polygonArea,
                actionReverse: actionReverse,
                actionRevert: actionRevert,
                actionRotate: actionRotate,
+               actionScale: actionScale,
                actionSplit: actionSplit,
                actionStraightenNodes: actionStraightenNodes,
                actionStraightenWay: actionStraightenWay,
                coreLocalizer: coreLocalizer,
                t: _t,
                localizer: _mainLocalizer,
+               coreLocations: coreLocations,
+               locationManager: _mainLocations,
                prefs: corePreferences,
                coreTree: coreTree,
                coreUploader: coreUploader,
                serviceMapillary: serviceMapillary,
                serviceMapRules: serviceMapRules,
                serviceNominatim: serviceNominatim,
-               serviceOpenstreetcam: serviceOpenstreetcam,
+               serviceNsi: serviceNsi,
+               serviceKartaview: serviceKartaview,
                serviceOsm: serviceOsm,
                serviceOsmWikibase: serviceOsmWikibase,
                serviceStreetside: serviceStreetside,
                svgMidpoints: svgMidpoints,
                svgNotes: svgNotes,
                svgMarkerSegments: svgMarkerSegments,
-               svgOpenstreetcamImages: svgOpenstreetcamImages,
+               svgKartaviewImages: svgKartaviewImages,
                svgOsm: svgOsm,
                svgPassiveVertex: svgPassiveVertex,
                svgPath: svgPath,
                uiFieldDefaultCheck: uiFieldCheck,
                uiFieldOnewayCheck: uiFieldCheck,
                uiFieldCheck: uiFieldCheck,
+               uiFieldManyCombo: uiFieldCombo,
                uiFieldMultiCombo: uiFieldCombo,
                uiFieldNetworkCombo: uiFieldCombo,
                uiFieldSemiCombo: uiFieldCombo,
                uiFieldCycleway: uiFieldCycleway,
                uiFieldLanes: uiFieldLanes,
                uiFieldLocalized: uiFieldLocalized,
-               uiFieldMaxspeed: uiFieldMaxspeed,
+               uiFieldRoadheight: uiFieldRoadheight,
+               uiFieldRoadspeed: uiFieldRoadspeed,
                uiFieldStructureRadio: uiFieldRadio,
                uiFieldRadio: uiFieldRadio,
                uiFieldRestrictions: uiFieldRestrictions,
                utilDisplayLabel: utilDisplayLabel,
                utilEntityRoot: utilEntityRoot,
                utilEditDistance: utilEditDistance,
-               utilEntitySelector: utilEntitySelector,
+               utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs: utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs,
                utilEntityOrMemberSelector: utilEntityOrMemberSelector,
                utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector: utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector,
+               utilEntitySelector: utilEntitySelector,
                utilFastMouse: utilFastMouse,
                utilFunctor: utilFunctor,
                utilGetAllNodes: utilGetAllNodes,
                utilKeybinding: utilKeybinding,
                utilNoAuto: utilNoAuto,
                utilObjectOmit: utilObjectOmit,
+               utilCompareIDs: utilCompareIDs,
+               utilOldestID: utilOldestID,
                utilPrefixCSSProperty: utilPrefixCSSProperty,
                utilPrefixDOMProperty: utilPrefixDOMProperty,
                utilQsString: utilQsString,
                validationUnsquareWay: validationUnsquareWay
        });
 
-       // polyfill requestIdleCallback
-       window.requestIdleCallback = window.requestIdleCallback ||
-           function(cb) {
-               var start = Date.now();
-               return window.requestAnimationFrame(function() {
-                   cb({
-                       didTimeout: false,
-                       timeRemaining: function() {
-                           return Math.max(0, 50 - (Date.now() - start));
-                       }
-                   });
-               });
-           };
+       window.requestIdleCallback = window.requestIdleCallback || function (cb) {
+         var start = Date.now();
+         return window.requestAnimationFrame(function () {
+           cb({
+             didTimeout: false,
+             timeRemaining: function timeRemaining() {
+               return Math.max(0, 50 - (Date.now() - start));
+             }
+           });
+         });
+       };
 
-       window.cancelIdleCallback = window.cancelIdleCallback ||
-           function(id) {
-               window.cancelAnimationFrame(id);
-           };
+       window.cancelIdleCallback = window.cancelIdleCallback || function (id) {
+         window.cancelAnimationFrame(id);
+       };
        window.iD = iD;
 
 }());
-//# sourceMappingURL=iD.js.map