]> git.openstreetmap.org Git - rails.git/blobdiff - vendor/assets/iD/iD.js
Drop pngfix.js
[rails.git] / vendor / assets / iD / iD.js
index 873868e9578db69d7a6507d616a29088a262be33..9fe1e16e2eb7230dadde5ce08744f859ad28b88f 100644 (file)
 
 })(this);
 d3 = (function(){
-  var d3 = {version: "3.2.7"}; // semver
+  var d3 = {version: "3.3.8"}; // semver
 d3.ascending = function(a, b) {
   return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : a >= b ? 0 : NaN;
 };
@@ -313,12 +313,15 @@ d3.shuffle = function(array) {
   return array;
 };
 d3.permute = function(array, indexes) {
-  var permutes = [],
-      i = -1,
-      n = indexes.length;
-  while (++i < n) permutes[i] = array[indexes[i]];
+  var i = indexes.length, permutes = new Array(i);
+  while (i--) permutes[i] = array[indexes[i]];
   return permutes;
 };
+d3.pairs = function(array) {
+  var i = 0, n = array.length - 1, p0, p1 = array[0], pairs = new Array(n < 0 ? 0 : n);
+  while (i < n) pairs[i] = [p0 = p1, p1 = array[++i]];
+  return pairs;
+};
 
 d3.zip = function() {
   if (!(n = arguments.length)) return [];
@@ -353,8 +356,28 @@ d3.entries = function(map) {
   return entries;
 };
 d3.merge = function(arrays) {
-  return Array.prototype.concat.apply([], arrays);
+  var n = arrays.length,
+      m,
+      i = -1,
+      j = 0,
+      merged,
+      array;
+
+  while (++i < n) j += arrays[i].length;
+  merged = new Array(j);
+
+  while (--n >= 0) {
+    array = arrays[n];
+    m = array.length;
+    while (--m >= 0) {
+      merged[--j] = array[m];
+    }
+  }
+
+  return merged;
 };
+var abs = Math.abs;
+
 d3.range = function(start, stop, step) {
   if (arguments.length < 3) {
     step = 1;
@@ -365,7 +388,7 @@ d3.range = function(start, stop, step) {
   }
   if ((stop - start) / step === Infinity) throw new Error("infinite range");
   var range = [],
-       k = d3_range_integerScale(Math.abs(step)),
+       k = d3_range_integerScale(abs(step)),
        i = -1,
        j;
   start *= k, stop *= k, step *= k;
@@ -394,7 +417,8 @@ function d3_class(ctor, properties) {
 
 d3.map = function(object) {
   var map = new d3_Map;
-  for (var key in object) map.set(key, object[key]);
+  if (object instanceof d3_Map) object.forEach(function(key, value) { map.set(key, value); });
+  else for (var key in object) map.set(key, object[key]);
   return map;
 };
 
@@ -538,8 +562,8 @@ d3.nest = function() {
 };
 
 d3.set = function(array) {
-  var set = new d3_Set();
-  if (array) for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) set.add(array[i]);
+  var set = new d3_Set;
+  if (array) for (var i = 0, n = array.length; i < n; ++i) set.add(array[i]);
   return set;
 };
 
@@ -573,9 +597,23 @@ d3_class(d3_Set, {
   }
 });
 d3.behavior = {};
+var d3_arraySlice = [].slice,
+    d3_array = function(list) { return d3_arraySlice.call(list); }; // conversion for NodeLists
+
 var d3_document = document,
     d3_documentElement = d3_document.documentElement,
     d3_window = window;
+
+// Redefine d3_array if the browser doesn’t support slice-based conversion.
+try {
+  d3_array(d3_documentElement.childNodes)[0].nodeType;
+} catch(e) {
+  d3_array = function(list) {
+    var i = list.length, array = new Array(i);
+    while (i--) array[i] = list[i];
+    return array;
+  };
+}
 // Copies a variable number of methods from source to target.
 d3.rebind = function(target, source) {
   var i = 1, n = arguments.length, method;
@@ -603,24 +641,6 @@ function d3_vendorSymbol(object, name) {
 }
 
 var d3_vendorPrefixes = ["webkit", "ms", "moz", "Moz", "o", "O"];
-
-var d3_array = d3_arraySlice; // conversion for NodeLists
-
-function d3_arrayCopy(pseudoarray) {
-  var i = -1, n = pseudoarray.length, array = [];
-  while (++i < n) array.push(pseudoarray[i]);
-  return array;
-}
-
-function d3_arraySlice(pseudoarray) {
-  return Array.prototype.slice.call(pseudoarray);
-}
-
-try {
-  d3_array(d3_documentElement.childNodes)[0].nodeType;
-} catch(e) {
-  d3_array = d3_arrayCopy;
-}
 function d3_noop() {}
 
 d3.dispatch = function() {
@@ -1118,15 +1138,15 @@ d3_selectionPrototype.append = function(name) {
 
 function d3_selection_creator(name) {
   return typeof name === "function" ? name
-      : (name = d3.ns.qualify(name)).local ? function() { return d3_document.createElementNS(name.space, name.local); }
-      : function() { return d3_document.createElementNS(this.namespaceURI, name); };
+      : (name = d3.ns.qualify(name)).local ? function() { return this.ownerDocument.createElementNS(name.space, name.local); }
+      : function() { return this.ownerDocument.createElementNS(this.namespaceURI, name); };
 }
 
 d3_selectionPrototype.insert = function(name, before) {
   name = d3_selection_creator(name);
   before = d3_selection_selector(before);
   return this.select(function() {
-    return this.insertBefore(name.apply(this, arguments), before.apply(this, arguments));
+    return this.insertBefore(name.apply(this, arguments), before.apply(this, arguments) || null);
   });
 };
 
@@ -1310,7 +1330,7 @@ d3_selectionPrototype.sort = function(comparator) {
 function d3_selection_sortComparator(comparator) {
   if (!arguments.length) comparator = d3.ascending;
   return function(a, b) {
-    return (!a - !b) || comparator(a.__data__, b.__data__);
+    return a && b ? comparator(a.__data__, b.__data__) : !a - !b;
   };
 }
 
@@ -1415,6 +1435,8 @@ function d3_selection_enterInsertBefore(enter) {
   };
 }
 
+// import "../transition/transition";
+
 d3_selectionPrototype.transition = function() {
   var id = d3_transitionInheritId || ++d3_transitionId,
       subgroups = [],
@@ -1432,6 +1454,16 @@ d3_selectionPrototype.transition = function() {
 
   return d3_transition(subgroups, id);
 };
+// import "../transition/transition";
+
+d3_selectionPrototype.interrupt = function() {
+  return this.each(d3_selection_interrupt);
+};
+
+function d3_selection_interrupt() {
+  var lock = this.__transition__;
+  if (lock) ++lock.active;
+}
 
 // TODO fast singleton implementation?
 d3.select = function(node) {
@@ -1578,6 +1610,7 @@ d3.mouse = function(container) {
 var d3_mouse_bug44083 = /WebKit/.test(d3_window.navigator.userAgent) ? -1 : 0;
 
 function d3_mousePoint(container, e) {
+  if (e.changedTouches) e = e.changedTouches[0];
   var svg = container.ownerSVGElement || container;
   if (svg.createSVGPoint) {
     var point = svg.createSVGPoint();
@@ -1594,13 +1627,8 @@ function d3_mousePoint(container, e) {
       d3_mouse_bug44083 = !(ctm.f || ctm.e);
       svg.remove();
     }
-    if (d3_mouse_bug44083) {
-      point.x = e.pageX;
-      point.y = e.pageY;
-    } else {
-      point.x = e.clientX;
-      point.y = e.clientY;
-    }
+    if (d3_mouse_bug44083) point.x = e.pageX, point.y = e.pageY;
+    else point.x = e.clientX, point.y = e.clientY;
     point = point.matrixTransform(container.getScreenCTM().inverse());
     return [point.x, point.y];
   }
@@ -1616,47 +1644,180 @@ d3.touches = function(container, touches) {
     return point;
   }) : [];
 };
+var π = Math.PI,
+    τ = 2 * π,
+    halfπ = π / 2,
+    ε = 1e-6,
+    ε2 = ε * ε,
+    d3_radians = π / 180,
+    d3_degrees = 180 / π;
+
+function d3_sgn(x) {
+  return x > 0 ? 1 : x < 0 ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+function d3_acos(x) {
+  return x > 1 ? 0 : x < -1 ? π : Math.acos(x);
+}
+
+function d3_asin(x) {
+  return x > 1 ? halfπ : x < -1 ? -halfπ : Math.asin(x);
+}
+
+function d3_sinh(x) {
+  return ((x = Math.exp(x)) - 1 / x) / 2;
+}
+
+function d3_cosh(x) {
+  return ((x = Math.exp(x)) + 1 / x) / 2;
+}
+
+function d3_tanh(x) {
+  return ((x = Math.exp(2 * x)) - 1) / (x + 1);
+}
+
+function d3_haversin(x) {
+  return (x = Math.sin(x / 2)) * x;
+}
+
+var ρ = Math.SQRT2,
+    ρ2 = 2,
+    ρ4 = 4;
+
+// p0 = [ux0, uy0, w0]
+// p1 = [ux1, uy1, w1]
+d3.interpolateZoom = function(p0, p1) {
+  var ux0 = p0[0], uy0 = p0[1], w0 = p0[2],
+      ux1 = p1[0], uy1 = p1[1], w1 = p1[2];
+
+  var dx = ux1 - ux0,
+      dy = uy1 - uy0,
+      d2 = dx * dx + dy * dy,
+      d1 = Math.sqrt(d2),
+      b0 = (w1 * w1 - w0 * w0 + ρ4 * d2) / (2 * w0 * ρ2 * d1),
+      b1 = (w1 * w1 - w0 * w0 - ρ4 * d2) / (2 * w1 * ρ2 * d1),
+      r0 = Math.log(Math.sqrt(b0 * b0 + 1) - b0),
+      r1 = Math.log(Math.sqrt(b1 * b1 + 1) - b1),
+      dr = r1 - r0,
+      S = (dr || Math.log(w1 / w0)) / ρ;
+
+  function interpolate(t) {
+    var s = t * S;
+    if (dr) {
+      // General case.
+      var coshr0 = d3_cosh(r0),
+          u = w0 / (ρ2 * d1) * (coshr0 * d3_tanh(ρ * s + r0) - d3_sinh(r0));
+      return [
+        ux0 + u * dx,
+        uy0 + u * dy,
+        w0 * coshr0 / d3_cosh(ρ * s + r0)
+      ];
+    }
+    // Special case for u0 ~= u1.
+    return [
+      ux0 + t * dx,
+      uy0 + t * dy,
+      w0 * Math.exp(ρ * s)
+    ];
+  }
+
+  interpolate.duration = S * 1000;
+
+  return interpolate;
+};
 
 d3.behavior.zoom = function() {
-  var translate = [0, 0],
+  var view = {x: 0, y: 0, k: 1},
       translate0, // translate when we started zooming (to avoid drift)
-      scale = 1,
+      center, // desired position of translate0 after zooming
+      size = [960, 500], // viewport size; required for zoom interpolation
       scaleExtent = d3_behavior_zoomInfinity,
       mousedown = "mousedown.zoom",
       mousemove = "mousemove.zoom",
       mouseup = "mouseup.zoom",
-      event = d3_eventDispatch(zoom, "zoom"),
+      mousewheelTimer,
+      touchstart = "touchstart.zoom",
+      touchtime, // time of last touchstart (to detect double-tap)
+      event = d3_eventDispatch(zoom, "zoomstart", "zoom", "zoomend"),
       x0,
       x1,
       y0,
-      y1,
-      touchtime; // time of last touchstart (to detect double-tap)
+      y1;
 
-  function zoom() {
-    this.on(mousedown, mousedowned)
+  function zoom(g) {
+    g   .on(mousedown, mousedowned)
         .on(d3_behavior_zoomWheel + ".zoom", mousewheeled)
         .on(mousemove, mousewheelreset)
         .on("dblclick.zoom", dblclicked)
-        .on("touchstart.zoom", touchstarted);
+        .on(touchstart, touchstarted);
   }
 
-  zoom.translate = function(x) {
-    if (!arguments.length) return translate;
-    translate = x.map(Number);
+  zoom.event = function(g) {
+    g.each(function() {
+      var event_ = event.of(this, arguments),
+          view1 = view;
+      if (d3_transitionInheritId) {
+          d3.select(this).transition()
+              .each("start.zoom", function() {
+                view = this.__chart__ || {x: 0, y: 0, k: 1}; // pre-transition state
+                zoomstarted(event_);
+              })
+              .tween("zoom:zoom", function() {
+                var dx = size[0],
+                    dy = size[1],
+                    cx = dx / 2,
+                    cy = dy / 2,
+                    i = d3.interpolateZoom(
+                      [(cx - view.x) / view.k, (cy - view.y) / view.k, dx / view.k],
+                      [(cx - view1.x) / view1.k, (cy - view1.y) / view1.k, dx / view1.k]
+                    );
+                return function(t) {
+                  var l = i(t), k = dx / l[2];
+                  this.__chart__ = view = {x: cx - l[0] * k, y: cy - l[1] * k, k: k};
+                  zoomed(event_);
+                };
+              })
+              .each("end.zoom", function() {
+                zoomended(event_);
+              });
+      } else {
+        this.__chart__ = view;
+        zoomstarted(event_);
+        zoomed(event_);
+        zoomended(event_);
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  zoom.translate = function(_) {
+    if (!arguments.length) return [view.x, view.y];
+    view = {x: +_[0], y: +_[1], k: view.k}; // copy-on-write
     rescale();
     return zoom;
   };
 
-  zoom.scale = function(x) {
-    if (!arguments.length) return scale;
-    scale = +x;
+  zoom.scale = function(_) {
+    if (!arguments.length) return view.k;
+    view = {x: view.x, y: view.y, k: +_}; // copy-on-write
     rescale();
     return zoom;
   };
 
-  zoom.scaleExtent = function(x) {
+  zoom.scaleExtent = function(_) {
     if (!arguments.length) return scaleExtent;
-    scaleExtent = x == null ? d3_behavior_zoomInfinity : x.map(Number);
+    scaleExtent = _ == null ? d3_behavior_zoomInfinity : [+_[0], +_[1]];
+    return zoom;
+  };
+
+  zoom.center = function(_) {
+    if (!arguments.length) return center;
+    center = _ && [+_[0], +_[1]];
+    return zoom;
+  };
+
+  zoom.size = function(_) {
+    if (!arguments.length) return size;
+    size = _ && [+_[0], +_[1]];
     return zoom;
   };
 
@@ -1664,8 +1825,7 @@ d3.behavior.zoom = function() {
     if (!arguments.length) return x1;
     x1 = z;
     x0 = z.copy();
-    translate = [0, 0];
-    scale = 1;
+    view = {x: 0, y: 0, k: 1}; // copy-on-write
     return zoom;
   };
 
@@ -1673,37 +1833,44 @@ d3.behavior.zoom = function() {
     if (!arguments.length) return y1;
     y1 = z;
     y0 = z.copy();
-    translate = [0, 0];
-    scale = 1;
+    view = {x: 0, y: 0, k: 1}; // copy-on-write
     return zoom;
   };
 
   function location(p) {
-    return [(p[0] - translate[0]) / scale, (p[1] - translate[1]) / scale];
+    return [(p[0] - view.x) / view.k, (p[1] - view.y) / view.k];
   }
 
   function point(l) {
-    return [l[0] * scale + translate[0], l[1] * scale + translate[1]];
+    return [l[0] * view.k + view.x, l[1] * view.k + view.y];
   }
 
   function scaleTo(s) {
-    scale = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], s));
+    view.k = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], s));
   }
 
   function translateTo(p, l) {
     l = point(l);
-    translate[0] += p[0] - l[0];
-    translate[1] += p[1] - l[1];
+    view.x += p[0] - l[0];
+    view.y += p[1] - l[1];
   }
 
   function rescale() {
-    if (x1) x1.domain(x0.range().map(function(x) { return (x - translate[0]) / scale; }).map(x0.invert));
-    if (y1) y1.domain(y0.range().map(function(y) { return (y - translate[1]) / scale; }).map(y0.invert));
+    if (x1) x1.domain(x0.range().map(function(x) { return (x - view.x) / view.k; }).map(x0.invert));
+    if (y1) y1.domain(y0.range().map(function(y) { return (y - view.y) / view.k; }).map(y0.invert));
   }
 
-  function dispatch(event) {
+  function zoomstarted(event) {
+    event({type: "zoomstart"});
+  }
+
+  function zoomed(event) {
     rescale();
-    event({type: "zoom", scale: scale, translate: translate});
+    event({type: "zoom", scale: view.k, translate: [view.x, view.y]});
+  }
+
+  function zoomended(event) {
+    event({type: "zoomend"});
   }
 
   function mousedowned() {
@@ -1715,62 +1882,92 @@ d3.behavior.zoom = function() {
         l = location(d3.mouse(target)),
         dragRestore = d3_event_dragSuppress();
 
+    d3_selection_interrupt.call(target);
+    zoomstarted(event_);
+
     function moved() {
       dragged = 1;
       translateTo(d3.mouse(target), l);
-      dispatch(event_);
+      zoomed(event_);
     }
 
     function ended() {
       w.on(mousemove, d3_window === target ? mousewheelreset : null).on(mouseup, null);
       dragRestore(dragged && d3.event.target === eventTarget);
+      zoomended(event_);
     }
   }
 
+  // These closures persist for as long as at least one touch is active.
   function touchstarted() {
     var target = this,
         event_ = event.of(target, arguments),
-        touches = d3.touches(target),
-        locations = {},
+        locations0 = {}, // touchstart locations
         distance0 = 0, // distance² between initial touches
-        scale0 = scale, // scale when we started touching
-        now = Date.now(),
-        name = "zoom-" + d3.event.changedTouches[0].identifier,
-        touchmove = "touchmove." + name,
-        touchend = "touchend." + name,
+        scale0, // scale when we started touching
+        eventId = d3.event.changedTouches[0].identifier,
+        touchmove = "touchmove.zoom-" + eventId,
+        touchend = "touchend.zoom-" + eventId,
         w = d3.select(d3_window).on(touchmove, moved).on(touchend, ended),
-        t = d3.select(target).on(mousedown, null), // prevent duplicate events
+        t = d3.select(target).on(mousedown, null).on(touchstart, started), // prevent duplicate events
         dragRestore = d3_event_dragSuppress();
 
-    touches.forEach(function(t) { locations[t.identifier] = location(t); });
+    d3_selection_interrupt.call(target);
+    started();
+    zoomstarted(event_);
 
-    if (touches.length === 1) {
-      if (now - touchtime < 500) { // dbltap
-        var p = touches[0], l = location(touches[0]);
-        scaleTo(scale * 2);
-        translateTo(p, l);
-        d3_eventPreventDefault();
-        dispatch(event_);
+    // Updates locations of any touches in locations0.
+    function relocate() {
+      var touches = d3.touches(target);
+      scale0 = view.k;
+      touches.forEach(function(t) {
+        if (t.identifier in locations0) locations0[t.identifier] = location(t);
+      });
+      return touches;
+    }
+
+    // Temporarily override touchstart while gesture is active.
+    function started() {
+      // Only track touches started on the target element.
+      var changed = d3.event.changedTouches;
+      for (var i = 0, n = changed.length; i < n; ++i) {
+        locations0[changed[i].identifier] = null;
+      }
+
+      var touches = relocate(),
+          now = Date.now();
+
+      if (touches.length === 1) {
+        if (now - touchtime < 500) { // dbltap
+          var p = touches[0], l = locations0[p.identifier];
+          scaleTo(view.k * 2);
+          translateTo(p, l);
+          d3_eventPreventDefault();
+          zoomed(event_);
+        }
+        touchtime = now;
+      } else if (touches.length > 1) {
+        var p = touches[0], q = touches[1],
+            dx = p[0] - q[0], dy = p[1] - q[1];
+        distance0 = dx * dx + dy * dy;
       }
-      touchtime = now;
-    } else if (touches.length > 1) {
-      var p = touches[0], q = touches[1],
-          dx = p[0] - q[0], dy = p[1] - q[1];
-      distance0 = dx * dx + dy * dy;
     }
 
     function moved() {
       var touches = d3.touches(target),
-          p0 = touches[0],
-          l0 = locations[p0.identifier];
-
-      if (p1 = touches[1]) {
-        var p1, l1 = locations[p1.identifier],
-            scale1 = d3.event.scale;
-        if (scale1 == null) {
-          var distance1 = (distance1 = p1[0] - p0[0]) * distance1 + (distance1 = p1[1] - p0[1]) * distance1;
-          scale1 = distance0 && Math.sqrt(distance1 / distance0);
+          p0, l0,
+          p1, l1;
+      for (var i = 0, n = touches.length; i < n; ++i, l1 = null) {
+        p1 = touches[i];
+        if (l1 = locations0[p1.identifier]) {
+          if (l0) break;
+          p0 = p1, l0 = l1;
         }
+      }
+
+      if (l1) {
+        var distance1 = (distance1 = p1[0] - p0[0]) * distance1 + (distance1 = p1[1] - p0[1]) * distance1,
+            scale1 = distance0 && Math.sqrt(distance1 / distance0);
         p0 = [(p0[0] + p1[0]) / 2, (p0[1] + p1[1]) / 2];
         l0 = [(l0[0] + l1[0]) / 2, (l0[1] + l1[1]) / 2];
         scaleTo(scale1 * scale0);
@@ -1778,22 +1975,42 @@ d3.behavior.zoom = function() {
 
       touchtime = null;
       translateTo(p0, l0);
-      dispatch(event_);
+      zoomed(event_);
     }
 
     function ended() {
+      // If there are any globally-active touches remaining, remove the ended
+      // touches from locations0.
+      if (d3.event.touches.length) {
+        var changed = d3.event.changedTouches;
+        for (var i = 0, n = changed.length; i < n; ++i) {
+          delete locations0[changed[i].identifier];
+        }
+        // If locations0 is not empty, then relocate and continue listening for
+        // touchmove and touchend.
+        for (var identifier in locations0) {
+          return void relocate(); // locations may have detached due to rotation
+        }
+      }
+      // Otherwise, remove touchmove and touchend listeners.
       w.on(touchmove, null).on(touchend, null);
-      t.on(mousedown, mousedowned);
+      t.on(mousedown, mousedowned).on(touchstart, touchstarted);
       dragRestore();
+      zoomended(event_);
     }
   }
 
   function mousewheeled() {
+    var event_ = event.of(this, arguments);
+    if (mousewheelTimer) clearTimeout(mousewheelTimer);
+    else d3_selection_interrupt.call(this), zoomstarted(event_);
+    mousewheelTimer = setTimeout(function() { mousewheelTimer = null; zoomended(event_); }, 50);
     d3_eventPreventDefault();
-    if (!translate0) translate0 = location(d3.mouse(this));
-    scaleTo(Math.pow(2, d3_behavior_zoomDelta() * .002) * scale);
-    translateTo(d3.mouse(this), translate0);
-    dispatch(event.of(this, arguments));
+    var point = center || d3.mouse(this);
+    if (!translate0) translate0 = location(point);
+    scaleTo(Math.pow(2, d3_behavior_zoomDelta() * .002) * view.k);
+    translateTo(point, translate0);
+    zoomed(event_);
   }
 
   function mousewheelreset() {
@@ -1801,10 +2018,15 @@ d3.behavior.zoom = function() {
   }
 
   function dblclicked() {
-    var p = d3.mouse(this), l = location(p), k = Math.log(scale) / Math.LN2;
+    var event_ = event.of(this, arguments),
+        p = d3.mouse(this),
+        l = location(p),
+        k = Math.log(view.k) / Math.LN2;
+    zoomstarted(event_);
     scaleTo(Math.pow(2, d3.event.shiftKey ? Math.ceil(k) - 1 : Math.floor(k) + 1));
     translateTo(p, l);
-    dispatch(event.of(this, arguments));
+    zoomed(event_);
+    zoomended(event_);
   }
 
   return d3.rebind(zoom, event, "on");
@@ -1837,8 +2059,8 @@ d3.timer = function(callback, delay, then) {
   if (n < 3) then = Date.now();
 
   // Add the callback to the tail of the queue.
-  var time = then + delay, timer = {callback: callback, time: time, next: null};
-  if (d3_timer_queueTail) d3_timer_queueTail.next = timer;
+  var time = then + delay, timer = {c: callback, t: time, f: false, n: null};
+  if (d3_timer_queueTail) d3_timer_queueTail.n = timer;
   else d3_timer_queueHead = timer;
   d3_timer_queueTail = timer;
 
@@ -1870,20 +2092,12 @@ d3.timer.flush = function() {
   d3_timer_sweep();
 };
 
-function d3_timer_replace(callback, delay, then) {
-  var n = arguments.length;
-  if (n < 2) delay = 0;
-  if (n < 3) then = Date.now();
-  d3_timer_active.callback = callback;
-  d3_timer_active.time = then + delay;
-}
-
 function d3_timer_mark() {
   var now = Date.now();
   d3_timer_active = d3_timer_queueHead;
   while (d3_timer_active) {
-    if (now >= d3_timer_active.time) d3_timer_active.flush = d3_timer_active.callback(now - d3_timer_active.time);
-    d3_timer_active = d3_timer_active.next;
+    if (now >= d3_timer_active.t) d3_timer_active.f = d3_timer_active.c(now - d3_timer_active.t);
+    d3_timer_active = d3_timer_active.n;
   }
   return now;
 }
@@ -1895,45 +2109,16 @@ function d3_timer_sweep() {
       t1 = d3_timer_queueHead,
       time = Infinity;
   while (t1) {
-    if (t1.flush) {
-      t1 = t0 ? t0.next = t1.next : d3_timer_queueHead = t1.next;
+    if (t1.f) {
+      t1 = t0 ? t0.n = t1.n : d3_timer_queueHead = t1.n;
     } else {
-      if (t1.time < time) time = t1.time;
-      t1 = (t0 = t1).next;
+      if (t1.t < time) time = t1.t;
+      t1 = (t0 = t1).n;
     }
   }
   d3_timer_queueTail = t0;
   return time;
 }
-var π = Math.PI,
-    ε = 1e-6,
-    ε2 = ε * ε,
-    d3_radians = π / 180,
-    d3_degrees = 180 / π;
-
-function d3_sgn(x) {
-  return x > 0 ? 1 : x < 0 ? -1 : 0;
-}
-
-function d3_acos(x) {
-  return x > 1 ? 0 : x < -1 ? π : Math.acos(x);
-}
-
-function d3_asin(x) {
-  return x > 1 ? π / 2 : x < -1 ? -π / 2 : Math.asin(x);
-}
-
-function d3_sinh(x) {
-  return (Math.exp(x) - Math.exp(-x)) / 2;
-}
-
-function d3_cosh(x) {
-  return (Math.exp(x) + Math.exp(-x)) / 2;
-}
-
-function d3_haversin(x) {
-  return (x = Math.sin(x / 2)) * x;
-}
 d3.geo = {};
 function d3_identity(d) {
   return d;
@@ -1950,13 +2135,13 @@ function d3_geo_spherical(cartesian) {
 }
 
 function d3_geo_sphericalEqual(a, b) {
-  return Math.abs(a[0] - b[0]) < ε && Math.abs(a[1] - b[1]) < ε;
+  return abs(a[0] - b[0]) < ε && abs(a[1] - b[1]) < ε;
 }
 
 // General spherical polygon clipping algorithm: takes a polygon, cuts it into
 // visible line segments and rejoins the segments by interpolating along the
 // clip edge.
-function d3_geo_clipPolygon(segments, compare, inside, interpolate, listener) {
+function d3_geo_clipPolygon(segments, compare, clipStartInside, interpolate, listener) {
   var subject = [],
       clip = [];
 
@@ -1975,14 +2160,14 @@ function d3_geo_clipPolygon(segments, compare, inside, interpolate, listener) {
       return;
     }
 
-    var a = {point: p0, points: segment, other: null, visited: false, entry: true, subject: true},
-        b = {point: p0, points: [p0], other: a, visited: false, entry: false, subject: false};
-    a.other = b;
+    var a = new d3_geo_clipPolygonIntersection(p0, segment, null, true),
+        b = new d3_geo_clipPolygonIntersection(p0, null, a, false);
+    a.o = b;
     subject.push(a);
     clip.push(b);
-    a = {point: p1, points: [p1], other: null, visited: false, entry: false, subject: true};
-    b = {point: p1, points: [p1], other: a, visited: false, entry: true, subject: false};
-    a.other = b;
+    a = new d3_geo_clipPolygonIntersection(p1, segment, null, false);
+    b = new d3_geo_clipPolygonIntersection(p1, null, a, true);
+    a.o = b;
     subject.push(a);
     clip.push(b);
   });
@@ -1991,41 +2176,42 @@ function d3_geo_clipPolygon(segments, compare, inside, interpolate, listener) {
   d3_geo_clipPolygonLinkCircular(clip);
   if (!subject.length) return;
 
-  if (inside) for (var i = 1, e = !inside(clip[0].point), n = clip.length; i < n; ++i) {
-    clip[i].entry = (e = !e);
+  for (var i = 0, entry = clipStartInside, n = clip.length; i < n; ++i) {
+    clip[i].e = entry = !entry;
   }
 
   var start = subject[0],
-      current,
       points,
       point;
   while (1) {
     // Find first unvisited intersection.
-    current = start;
-    while (current.visited) if ((current = current.next) === start) return;
-    points = current.points;
+    var current = start,
+        isSubject = true;
+    while (current.v) if ((current = current.n) === start) return;
+    points = current.z;
     listener.lineStart();
     do {
-      current.visited = current.other.visited = true;
-      if (current.entry) {
-        if (current.subject) {
-          for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) listener.point((point = points[i])[0], point[1]);
+      current.v = current.o.v = true;
+      if (current.e) {
+        if (isSubject) {
+          for (var i = 0, n = points.length; i < n; ++i) listener.point((point = points[i])[0], point[1]);
         } else {
-          interpolate(current.point, current.next.point, 1, listener);
+          interpolate(current.x, current.n.x, 1, listener);
         }
-        current = current.next;
+        current = current.n;
       } else {
-        if (current.subject) {
-          points = current.prev.points;
-          for (var i = points.length; --i >= 0;) listener.point((point = points[i])[0], point[1]);
+        if (isSubject) {
+          points = current.p.z;
+          for (var i = points.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) listener.point((point = points[i])[0], point[1]);
         } else {
-          interpolate(current.point, current.prev.point, -1, listener);
+          interpolate(current.x, current.p.x, -1, listener);
         }
-        current = current.prev;
+        current = current.p;
       }
-      current = current.other;
-      points = current.points;
-    } while (!current.visited);
+      current = current.o;
+      points = current.z;
+      isSubject = !isSubject;
+    } while (!current.v);
     listener.lineEnd();
   }
 }
@@ -2037,17 +2223,27 @@ function d3_geo_clipPolygonLinkCircular(array) {
       a = array[0],
       b;
   while (++i < n) {
-    a.next = b = array[i];
-    b.prev = a;
+    a.n = b = array[i];
+    b.p = a;
     a = b;
   }
-  a.next = b = array[0];
-  b.prev = a;
+  a.n = b = array[0];
+  b.p = a;
 }
 
-function d3_geo_clip(pointVisible, clipLine, interpolate, polygonContains) {
-  return function(listener) {
-    var line = clipLine(listener);
+function d3_geo_clipPolygonIntersection(point, points, other, entry) {
+  this.x = point;
+  this.z = points;
+  this.o = other; // another intersection
+  this.e = entry; // is an entry?
+  this.v = false; // visited
+  this.n = this.p = null; // next & previous
+}
+
+function d3_geo_clip(pointVisible, clipLine, interpolate, clipStart) {
+  return function(rotate, listener) {
+    var line = clipLine(listener),
+        rotatedClipStart = rotate.invert(clipStart[0], clipStart[1]);
 
     var clip = {
       point: point,
@@ -2067,9 +2263,10 @@ function d3_geo_clip(pointVisible, clipLine, interpolate, polygonContains) {
         clip.lineEnd = lineEnd;
 
         segments = d3.merge(segments);
+        var clipStartInside = d3_geo_pointInPolygon(rotatedClipStart, polygon);
         if (segments.length) {
-          d3_geo_clipPolygon(segments, d3_geo_clipSort, null, interpolate, listener);
-        } else if (polygonContains(polygon)) {
+          d3_geo_clipPolygon(segments, d3_geo_clipSort, clipStartInside, interpolate, listener);
+        } else if (clipStartInside) {
           listener.lineStart();
           interpolate(null, null, 1, listener);
           listener.lineEnd();
@@ -2086,8 +2283,14 @@ function d3_geo_clip(pointVisible, clipLine, interpolate, polygonContains) {
       }
     };
 
-    function point(λ, φ) { if (pointVisible(λ, φ)) listener.point(λ, φ); }
-    function pointLine(λ, φ) { line.point(λ, φ); }
+    function point(λ, φ) {
+      var point = rotate(λ, φ);
+      if (pointVisible(λ = point[0], φ = point[1])) listener.point(λ, φ);
+    }
+    function pointLine(λ, φ) {
+      var point = rotate(λ, φ);
+      line.point(point[0], point[1]);
+    }
     function lineStart() { clip.point = pointLine; line.lineStart(); }
     function lineEnd() { clip.point = point; line.lineEnd(); }
 
@@ -2099,8 +2302,9 @@ function d3_geo_clip(pointVisible, clipLine, interpolate, polygonContains) {
         ring;
 
     function pointRing(λ, φ) {
-      ringListener.point(λ, φ);
       ring.push([λ, φ]);
+      var point = rotate(λ, φ);
+      ringListener.point(point[0], point[1]);
     }
 
     function ringStart() {
@@ -2172,8 +2376,8 @@ function d3_geo_clipBufferListener() {
 // Intersection points are sorted along the clip edge. For both antimeridian
 // cutting and circle clipping, the same comparison is used.
 function d3_geo_clipSort(a, b) {
-  return ((a = a.point)[0] < 0 ? a[1] - π / 2 - ε : π / 2 - a[1])
-       - ((b = b.point)[0] < 0 ? b[1] - π / 2 - ε : π / 2 - b[1]);
+  return ((a = a.x)[0] < 0 ? a[1] - halfπ - ε : halfπ - a[1])
+       - ((b = b.x)[0] < 0 ? b[1] - halfπ - ε : halfπ - b[1]);
 }
 // Adds floating point numbers with twice the normal precision.
 // Reference: J. R. Shewchuk, Adaptive Precision Floating-Point Arithmetic and
@@ -2239,12 +2443,12 @@ var d3_geo_streamGeometryType = {
     listener.sphere();
   },
   Point: function(object, listener) {
-    var coordinate = object.coordinates;
-    listener.point(coordinate[0], coordinate[1]);
+    object = object.coordinates;
+    listener.point(object[0], object[1], object[2]);
   },
   MultiPoint: function(object, listener) {
-    var coordinates = object.coordinates, i = -1, n = coordinates.length, coordinate;
-    while (++i < n) coordinate = coordinates[i], listener.point(coordinate[0], coordinate[1]);
+    var coordinates = object.coordinates, i = -1, n = coordinates.length;
+    while (++i < n) object = coordinates[i], listener.point(object[0], object[1], object[2]);
   },
   LineString: function(object, listener) {
     d3_geo_streamLine(object.coordinates, listener, 0);
@@ -2269,7 +2473,7 @@ var d3_geo_streamGeometryType = {
 function d3_geo_streamLine(coordinates, listener, closed) {
   var i = -1, n = coordinates.length - closed, coordinate;
   listener.lineStart();
-  while (++i < n) coordinate = coordinates[i], listener.point(coordinate[0], coordinate[1]);
+  while (++i < n) coordinate = coordinates[i], listener.point(coordinate[0], coordinate[1], coordinate[2]);
   listener.lineEnd();
 }
 
@@ -2394,8 +2598,6 @@ function d3_geo_pointInPolygon(point, polygon) {
       parallel = point[1],
       meridianNormal = [Math.sin(meridian), -Math.cos(meridian), 0],
       polarAngle = 0,
-      polar = false,
-      southPole = false,
       winding = 0;
   d3_geo_areaRingSum.reset();
 
@@ -2418,12 +2620,11 @@ function d3_geo_pointInPolygon(point, polygon) {
           sinφ = Math.sin(φ),
           cosφ = Math.cos(φ),
           dλ = λ - λ0,
-          antimeridian = Math.abs(dλ) > π,
+          antimeridian = abs(dλ) > π,
           k = sinφ0 * sinφ;
       d3_geo_areaRingSum.add(Math.atan2(k * Math.sin(dλ), cosφ0 * cosφ + k * Math.cos(dλ)));
 
-      if (Math.abs(φ) < ε) southPole = true;
-      polarAngle += antimeridian ? dλ + (dλ >= 0 ? 2 : -2) * π : dλ;
+      polarAngle += antimeridian ? dλ + (dλ >= 0 ? τ : -τ): dλ;
 
       // Are the longitudes either side of the point's meridian, and are the
       // latitudes smaller than the parallel?
@@ -2433,34 +2634,34 @@ function d3_geo_pointInPolygon(point, polygon) {
         var intersection = d3_geo_cartesianCross(meridianNormal, arc);
         d3_geo_cartesianNormalize(intersection);
         var φarc = (antimeridian ^ dλ >= 0 ? -1 : 1) * d3_asin(intersection[2]);
-        if (parallel > φarc) {
+        if (parallel > φarc || parallel === φarc && (arc[0] || arc[1])) {
           winding += antimeridian ^ dλ >= 0 ? 1 : -1;
         }
       }
       if (!j++) break;
       λ0 = λ, sinφ0 = sinφ, cosφ0 = cosφ, point0 = point;
     }
-    if (Math.abs(polarAngle) > ε) polar = true;
   }
 
   // First, determine whether the South pole is inside or outside:
   //
   // It is inside if:
-  // * the polygon doesn't wind around it, and its area is negative (counter-clockwise).
-  // * otherwise, if the polygon winds around it in a clockwise direction.
+  // * the polygon winds around it in a clockwise direction.
+  // * the polygon does not (cumulatively) wind around it, but has a negative
+  //   (counter-clockwise) area.
   //
   // Second, count the (signed) number of times a segment crosses a meridian
   // from the point to the South pole.  If it is zero, then the point is the
   // same side as the South pole.
 
-  return (!southPole && !polar && d3_geo_areaRingSum < 0 || polarAngle < -ε) ^ (winding & 1);
+  return (polarAngle < -ε || polarAngle < ε && d3_geo_areaRingSum < 0) ^ (winding & 1);
 }
 
 var d3_geo_clipAntimeridian = d3_geo_clip(
     d3_true,
     d3_geo_clipAntimeridianLine,
     d3_geo_clipAntimeridianInterpolate,
-    d3_geo_clipAntimeridianPolygonContains);
+    [-π, -π / 2]);
 
 // Takes a line and cuts into visible segments. Return values:
 //   0: there were intersections or the line was empty.
@@ -2480,9 +2681,9 @@ function d3_geo_clipAntimeridianLine(listener) {
     },
     point: function(λ1, φ1) {
       var sλ1 = λ1 > 0 ? π : -π,
-          dλ = Math.abs(λ1 - λ0);
-      if (Math.abs(dλ - π) < ε) { // line crosses a pole
-        listener.point(λ0, φ0 = (φ0 + φ1) / 2 > 0 ? π / 2 : -π / 2);
+          dλ = abs(λ1 - λ0);
+      if (abs(dλ - π) < ε) { // line crosses a pole
+        listener.point(λ0, φ0 = (φ0 + φ1) / 2 > 0 ? halfπ : -halfπ);
         listener.point(sλ0, φ0);
         listener.lineEnd();
         listener.lineStart();
@@ -2491,8 +2692,8 @@ function d3_geo_clipAntimeridianLine(listener) {
         clean = 0;
       } else if (sλ0 !== sλ1 && dλ >= π) { // line crosses antimeridian
         // handle degeneracies
-        if (Math.abs(λ0 - sλ0) < ε) λ0 -= sλ0 * ε;
-        if (Math.abs(λ1 - sλ1) < ε) λ1 -= sλ1 * ε;
+        if (abs(λ0 - sλ0) < ε) λ0 -= sλ0 * ε;
+        if (abs(λ1 - sλ1) < ε) λ1 -= sλ1 * ε;
         φ0 = d3_geo_clipAntimeridianIntersect(λ0, φ0, λ1, φ1);
         listener.point(sλ0, φ0);
         listener.lineEnd();
@@ -2516,7 +2717,7 @@ function d3_geo_clipAntimeridianIntersect(λ0, φ0, λ1, φ1) {
   var cosφ0,
       cosφ1,
       sinλ0_λ1 = Math.sin(λ0 - λ1);
-  return Math.abs(sinλ0_λ1) > ε
+  return abs(sinλ0_λ1) > ε
       ? Math.atan((Math.sin(φ0) * (cosφ1 = Math.cos(φ1)) * Math.sin(λ1)
                  - Math.sin(φ1) * (cosφ0 = Math.cos(φ0)) * Math.sin(λ0))
                  / (cosφ0 * cosφ1 * sinλ0_λ1))
@@ -2526,7 +2727,7 @@ function d3_geo_clipAntimeridianIntersect(λ0, φ0, λ1, φ1) {
 function d3_geo_clipAntimeridianInterpolate(from, to, direction, listener) {
   var φ;
   if (from == null) {
-    φ = direction * π / 2;
+    φ = direction * halfπ;
     listener.point(-π,  φ);
     listener.point( 0,  φ);
     listener.point( π,  φ);
@@ -2536,8 +2737,8 @@ function d3_geo_clipAntimeridianInterpolate(from, to, direction, listener) {
     listener.point(-π, -φ);
     listener.point(-π,  0);
     listener.point(-π,  φ);
-  } else if (Math.abs(from[0] - to[0]) > ε) {
-    var s = (from[0] < to[0] ? 1 : -1) * π;
+  } else if (abs(from[0] - to[0]) > ε) {
+    var s = from[0] < to[0] ? π : -π;
     φ = direction * s / 2;
     listener.point(-s, φ);
     listener.point( 0, φ);
@@ -2547,12 +2748,6 @@ function d3_geo_clipAntimeridianInterpolate(from, to, direction, listener) {
   }
 }
 
-var d3_geo_clipAntimeridianPoint = [-π, 0];
-
-function d3_geo_clipAntimeridianPolygonContains(polygon) {
-  return d3_geo_pointInPolygon(d3_geo_clipAntimeridianPoint, polygon);
-}
-
 function d3_geo_equirectangular(λ, φ) {
   return [λ, φ];
 }
@@ -2577,17 +2772,23 @@ d3.geo.rotation = function(rotate) {
   return forward;
 };
 
+function d3_geo_identityRotation(λ, φ) {
+  return [λ > π ? λ - τ : λ < -π ? λ + τ : λ, φ];
+}
+
+d3_geo_identityRotation.invert = d3_geo_equirectangular;
+
 // Note: |δλ| must be < 2π
 function d3_geo_rotation(δλ, δφ, δγ) {
   return δλ ? (δφ || δγ ? d3_geo_compose(d3_geo_rotationλ(δλ), d3_geo_rotationφγ(δφ, δγ))
     : d3_geo_rotationλ(δλ))
     : (δφ || δγ ? d3_geo_rotationφγ(δφ, δγ)
-    : d3_geo_equirectangular);
+    : d3_geo_identityRotation);
 }
 
 function d3_geo_forwardRotationλ(δλ) {
   return function(λ, φ) {
-    return λ += δλ, [λ > π ? λ - 2 * π : λ < -π ? λ + 2 * π : λ, φ];
+    return λ += δλ, [λ > π ? λ - τ : λ < -π ? λ + τ : λ, φ];
   };
 }
 
@@ -2678,16 +2879,16 @@ function d3_geo_circleInterpolate(radius, precision) {
   var cr = Math.cos(radius),
       sr = Math.sin(radius);
   return function(from, to, direction, listener) {
+    var step = direction * precision;
     if (from != null) {
       from = d3_geo_circleAngle(cr, from);
       to = d3_geo_circleAngle(cr, to);
-      if (direction > 0 ? from < to: from > to) from += direction * 2 * π;
+      if (direction > 0 ? from < to: from > to) from += direction * τ;
     } else {
-      from = radius + direction * 2 * π;
-      to = radius;
+      from = radius + direction * τ;
+      to = radius - .5 * step;
     }
-    var point;
-    for (var step = direction * precision, t = from; direction > 0 ? t > to : t < to; t -= step) {
+    for (var point, t = from; direction > 0 ? t > to : t < to; t -= step) {
       listener.point((point = d3_geo_spherical([
         cr,
         -sr * Math.cos(t),
@@ -2710,11 +2911,10 @@ function d3_geo_circleAngle(cr, point) {
 function d3_geo_clipCircle(radius) {
   var cr = Math.cos(radius),
       smallRadius = cr > 0,
-      point = [radius, 0],
-      notHemisphere = Math.abs(cr) > ε, // TODO optimise for this common case
+      notHemisphere = abs(cr) > ε, // TODO optimise for this common case
       interpolate = d3_geo_circleInterpolate(radius, 6 * d3_radians);
 
-  return d3_geo_clip(visible, clipLine, interpolate, polygonContains);
+  return d3_geo_clip(visible, clipLine, interpolate, smallRadius ? [0, -radius] : [-π, radius - π]);
 
   function visible(λ, φ) {
     return Math.cos(λ) * Math.cos(φ) > cr;
@@ -2848,7 +3048,7 @@ function d3_geo_clipCircle(radius) {
         z;
     if (λ1 < λ0) z = λ0, λ0 = λ1, λ1 = z;
     var δλ = λ1 - λ0,
-        polar = Math.abs(δλ - π) < ε,
+        polar = abs(δλ - π) < ε,
         meridian = polar || δλ < ε;
 
     if (!polar && φ1 < φ0) z = φ0, φ0 = φ1, φ1 = z;
@@ -2856,7 +3056,7 @@ function d3_geo_clipCircle(radius) {
     // Check that the first point is between a and b.
     if (meridian
         ? polar
-          ? φ0 + φ1 > 0 ^ q[1] < (Math.abs(q[0] - λ0) < ε ? φ0 : φ1)
+          ? φ0 + φ1 > 0 ^ q[1] < (abs(q[0] - λ0) < ε ? φ0 : φ1)
           : φ0 <= q[1] && q[1] <= φ1
         : δλ > π ^ (λ0 <= q[0] && q[0] <= λ1)) {
       var q1 = d3_geo_cartesianScale(u, (-w + t) / uu);
@@ -2876,18 +3076,101 @@ function d3_geo_clipCircle(radius) {
     else if (φ > r) code |= 8; // above
     return code;
   }
+}
 
-  function polygonContains(polygon) {
-    return d3_geo_pointInPolygon(point, polygon);
-  }
+// Liang–Barsky line clipping.
+function d3_geom_clipLine(x0, y0, x1, y1) {
+  return function(line) {
+    var a = line.a,
+        b = line.b,
+        ax = a.x,
+        ay = a.y,
+        bx = b.x,
+        by = b.y,
+        t0 = 0,
+        t1 = 1,
+        dx = bx - ax,
+        dy = by - ay,
+        r;
+
+    r = x0 - ax;
+    if (!dx && r > 0) return;
+    r /= dx;
+    if (dx < 0) {
+      if (r < t0) return;
+      if (r < t1) t1 = r;
+    } else if (dx > 0) {
+      if (r > t1) return;
+      if (r > t0) t0 = r;
+    }
+
+    r = x1 - ax;
+    if (!dx && r < 0) return;
+    r /= dx;
+    if (dx < 0) {
+      if (r > t1) return;
+      if (r > t0) t0 = r;
+    } else if (dx > 0) {
+      if (r < t0) return;
+      if (r < t1) t1 = r;
+    }
+
+    r = y0 - ay;
+    if (!dy && r > 0) return;
+    r /= dy;
+    if (dy < 0) {
+      if (r < t0) return;
+      if (r < t1) t1 = r;
+    } else if (dy > 0) {
+      if (r > t1) return;
+      if (r > t0) t0 = r;
+    }
+
+    r = y1 - ay;
+    if (!dy && r < 0) return;
+    r /= dy;
+    if (dy < 0) {
+      if (r > t1) return;
+      if (r > t0) t0 = r;
+    } else if (dy > 0) {
+      if (r < t0) return;
+      if (r < t1) t1 = r;
+    }
+
+    if (t0 > 0) line.a = {x: ax + t0 * dx, y: ay + t0 * dy};
+    if (t1 < 1) line.b = {x: ax + t1 * dx, y: ay + t1 * dy};
+    return line;
+  };
 }
 
-var d3_geo_clipViewMAX = 1e9;
+var d3_geo_clipExtentMAX = 1e9;
+
+d3.geo.clipExtent = function() {
+  var x0, y0, x1, y1,
+      stream,
+      clip,
+      clipExtent = {
+        stream: function(output) {
+          if (stream) stream.valid = false;
+          stream = clip(output);
+          stream.valid = true; // allow caching by d3.geo.path
+          return stream;
+        },
+        extent: function(_) {
+          if (!arguments.length) return [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
+          clip = d3_geo_clipExtent(x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1]);
+          if (stream) stream.valid = false, stream = null;
+          return clipExtent;
+        }
+      };
+  return clipExtent.extent([[0, 0], [960, 500]]);
+};
 
-function d3_geo_clipView(x0, y0, x1, y1) {
+function d3_geo_clipExtent(x0, y0, x1, y1) {
   return function(listener) {
     var listener_ = listener,
         bufferListener = d3_geo_clipBufferListener(),
+        clipLine = d3_geom_clipLine(x0, y0, x1, y1),
         segments,
         polygon,
         ring;
@@ -2900,28 +3183,30 @@ function d3_geo_clipView(x0, y0, x1, y1) {
         listener = bufferListener;
         segments = [];
         polygon = [];
+        clean = true;
       },
       polygonEnd: function() {
         listener = listener_;
-        if ((segments = d3.merge(segments)).length) {
+        segments = d3.merge(segments);
+        var clipStartInside = insidePolygon([x0, y1]),
+            inside = clean && clipStartInside,
+            visible = segments.length;
+        if (inside || visible) {
           listener.polygonStart();
-          d3_geo_clipPolygon(segments, compare, inside, interpolate, listener);
+          if (inside) {
+            listener.lineStart();
+            interpolate(null, null, 1, listener);
+            listener.lineEnd();
+          }
+          if (visible) {
+            d3_geo_clipPolygon(segments, compare, clipStartInside, interpolate, listener);
+          }
           listener.polygonEnd();
-        } else if (insidePolygon([x0, y0])) {
-          listener.polygonStart(), listener.lineStart();
-          interpolate(null, null, 1, listener);
-          listener.lineEnd(), listener.polygonEnd();
         }
         segments = polygon = ring = null;
       }
     };
 
-    function inside(point) {
-      var a = corner(point, -1),
-          i = insidePolygon([a === 0 || a === 3 ? x0 : x1, a > 1 ? y1 : y0]);
-      return i;
-    }
-
     function insidePolygon(p) {
       var wn = 0, // the winding number counter
           n = polygon.length,
@@ -2958,17 +3243,18 @@ function d3_geo_clipView(x0, y0, x1, y1) {
       }
     }
 
-    function visible(x, y) {
+    function pointVisible(x, y) {
       return x0 <= x && x <= x1 && y0 <= y && y <= y1;
     }
 
     function point(x, y) {
-      if (visible(x, y)) listener.point(x, y);
+      if (pointVisible(x, y)) listener.point(x, y);
     }
 
     var x__, y__, v__, // first point
         x_, y_, v_, // previous point
-        first;
+        first,
+        clean;
 
     function lineStart() {
       clip.point = linePoint;
@@ -2992,9 +3278,9 @@ function d3_geo_clipView(x0, y0, x1, y1) {
     }
 
     function linePoint(x, y) {
-      x = Math.max(-d3_geo_clipViewMAX, Math.min(d3_geo_clipViewMAX, x));
-      y = Math.max(-d3_geo_clipViewMAX, Math.min(d3_geo_clipViewMAX, y));
-      var v = visible(x, y);
+      x = Math.max(-d3_geo_clipExtentMAX, Math.min(d3_geo_clipExtentMAX, x));
+      y = Math.max(-d3_geo_clipExtentMAX, Math.min(d3_geo_clipExtentMAX, y));
+      var v = pointVisible(x, y);
       if (polygon) ring.push([x, y]);
       if (first) {
         x__ = x, y__ = y, v__ = v;
@@ -3006,18 +3292,19 @@ function d3_geo_clipView(x0, y0, x1, y1) {
       } else {
         if (v && v_) listener.point(x, y);
         else {
-          var a = [x_, y_],
-              b = [x, y];
-          if (clipLine(a, b)) {
+          var l = {a: {x: x_, y: y_}, b: {x: x, y: y}};
+          if (clipLine(l)) {
             if (!v_) {
               listener.lineStart();
-              listener.point(a[0], a[1]);
+              listener.point(l.a.x, l.a.y);
             }
-            listener.point(b[0], b[1]);
+            listener.point(l.b.x, l.b.y);
             if (!v) listener.lineEnd();
+            clean = false;
           } else if (v) {
             listener.lineStart();
             listener.point(x, y);
+            clean = false;
           }
         }
       }
@@ -3028,14 +3315,14 @@ function d3_geo_clipView(x0, y0, x1, y1) {
   };
 
   function corner(p, direction) {
-    return Math.abs(p[0] - x0) < ε ? direction > 0 ? 0 : 3
-        : Math.abs(p[0] - x1) < ε ? direction > 0 ? 2 : 1
-        : Math.abs(p[1] - y0) < ε ? direction > 0 ? 1 : 0
-        : direction > 0 ? 3 : 2; // Math.abs(p[1] - y1) < ε
+    return abs(p[0] - x0) < ε ? direction > 0 ? 0 : 3
+        : abs(p[0] - x1) < ε ? direction > 0 ? 2 : 1
+        : abs(p[1] - y0) < ε ? direction > 0 ? 1 : 0
+        : direction > 0 ? 3 : 2; // abs(p[1] - y1) < ε
   }
 
   function compare(a, b) {
-    return comparePoints(a.point, b.point);
+    return comparePoints(a.x, b.x);
   }
 
   function comparePoints(a, b) {
@@ -3047,47 +3334,6 @@ function d3_geo_clipView(x0, y0, x1, y1) {
         : ca === 2 ? a[1] - b[1]
         : b[0] - a[0];
   }
-
-  // Liang–Barsky line clipping.
-  function clipLine(a, b) {
-    var dx = b[0] - a[0],
-        dy = b[1] - a[1],
-        t = [0, 1];
-
-    if (Math.abs(dx) < ε && Math.abs(dy) < ε) return x0 <= a[0] && a[0] <= x1 && y0 <= a[1] && a[1] <= y1;
-
-    if (d3_geo_clipViewT(x0 - a[0],  dx, t) &&
-        d3_geo_clipViewT(a[0] - x1, -dx, t) &&
-        d3_geo_clipViewT(y0 - a[1],  dy, t) &&
-        d3_geo_clipViewT(a[1] - y1, -dy, t)) {
-      if (t[1] < 1) {
-        b[0] = a[0] + t[1] * dx;
-        b[1] = a[1] + t[1] * dy;
-      }
-      if (t[0] > 0) {
-        a[0] += t[0] * dx;
-        a[1] += t[0] * dy;
-      }
-      return true;
-    }
-
-    return false;
-  }
-}
-
-function d3_geo_clipViewT(num, denominator, t) {
-  if (Math.abs(denominator) < ε) return num <= 0;
-
-  var u = num / denominator;
-
-  if (denominator > 0) {
-    if (u > t[1]) return false;
-    if (u > t[0]) t[0] = u;
-  } else {
-    if (u < t[0]) return false;
-    if (u < t[1]) t[1] = u;
-  }
-  return true;
 }
 function d3_geo_compose(a, b) {
 
@@ -3330,7 +3576,7 @@ d3.geo.bounds = (function() {
       var dλ = λ - λ_,
           s = dλ > 0 ? 1 : -1,
           λi = inflection[0] * d3_degrees * s,
-          antimeridian = Math.abs(dλ) > 180;
+          antimeridian = abs(dλ) > 180;
       if (antimeridian ^ (s * λ_ < λi && λi < s * λ)) {
         var φi = inflection[1] * d3_degrees;
         if (φi > φ1) φ1 = φi;
@@ -3375,7 +3621,7 @@ d3.geo.bounds = (function() {
   function ringPoint(λ, φ) {
     if (p0) {
       var dλ = λ - λ_;
-      dλSum += Math.abs(dλ) > 180 ? dλ + (dλ > 0 ? 360 : -360) : dλ;
+      dλSum += abs(dλ) > 180 ? dλ + (dλ > 0 ? 360 : -360) : dλ;
     } else λ__ = λ, φ__ = φ;
     d3_geo_area.point(λ, φ);
     linePoint(λ, φ);
@@ -3388,7 +3634,7 @@ d3.geo.bounds = (function() {
   function ringEnd() {
     ringPoint(λ__, φ__);
     d3_geo_area.lineEnd();
-    if (Math.abs(dλSum) > ε) λ0 = -(λ1 = 180);
+    if (abs(dλSum) > ε) λ0 = -(λ1 = 180);
     range[0] = λ0, range[1] = λ1;
     p0 = null;
   }
@@ -3601,7 +3847,7 @@ var d3_geo_pathAreaSum, d3_geo_pathAreaPolygon, d3_geo_pathArea = {
   },
   polygonEnd: function() {
     d3_geo_pathArea.lineStart = d3_geo_pathArea.lineEnd = d3_geo_pathArea.point = d3_noop;
-    d3_geo_pathAreaSum += Math.abs(d3_geo_pathAreaPolygon / 2);
+    d3_geo_pathAreaSum += abs(d3_geo_pathAreaPolygon / 2);
   }
 };
 
@@ -3806,7 +4052,7 @@ function d3_geo_pathContext(context) {
 
   function point(x, y) {
     context.moveTo(x, y);
-    context.arc(x, y, pointRadius, 0, 2 * π);
+    context.arc(x, y, pointRadius, 0, τ);
   }
 
   function pointLineStart(x, y) {
@@ -3898,7 +4144,7 @@ function d3_geo_resample(project) {
           c = c0 + c1,
           m = Math.sqrt(a * a + b * b + c * c),
           φ2 = Math.asin(c /= m),
-          λ2 = Math.abs(Math.abs(c) - 1) < ε ? (λ0 + λ1) / 2 : Math.atan2(b, a),
+          λ2 = abs(abs(c) - 1) < ε ? (λ0 + λ1) / 2 : Math.atan2(b, a),
           p = project(λ2, φ2),
           x2 = p[0],
           y2 = p[1],
@@ -3906,7 +4152,7 @@ function d3_geo_resample(project) {
           dy2 = y2 - y0,
           dz = dy * dx2 - dx * dy2;
       if (dz * dz / d2 > δ2 // perpendicular projected distance
-          || Math.abs((dx * dx2 + dy * dy2) / d2 - .5) > .3 // midpoint close to an end
+          || abs((dx * dx2 + dy * dy2) / d2 - .5) > .3 // midpoint close to an end
           || a0 * a1 + b0 * b1 + c0 * c1 < cosMinDistance) { // angular distance
         resampleLineTo(x0, y0, λ0, a0, b0, c0, x2, y2, λ2, a /= m, b /= m, c, depth, stream);
         stream.point(x2, y2);
@@ -3924,6 +4170,29 @@ function d3_geo_resample(project) {
   return resample;
 }
 
+d3.geo.transform = function(methods) {
+  return {
+    stream: function(stream) {
+      var transform = new d3_geo_transform(stream);
+      for (var k in methods) transform[k] = methods[k];
+      return transform;
+    }
+  };
+};
+
+function d3_geo_transform(stream) {
+  this.stream = stream;
+}
+
+d3_geo_transform.prototype = {
+  point: function(x, y) { this.stream.point(x, y); },
+  sphere: function() { this.stream.sphere(); },
+  lineStart: function() { this.stream.lineStart(); },
+  lineEnd: function() { this.stream.lineEnd(); },
+  polygonStart: function() { this.stream.polygonStart(); },
+  polygonEnd: function() { this.stream.polygonEnd(); }
+};
+
 d3.geo.path = function() {
   var pointRadius = 4.5,
       projection,
@@ -3992,17 +4261,11 @@ d3.geo.path = function() {
 };
 
 function d3_geo_pathProjectStream(project) {
-  var resample = d3_geo_resample(function(λ, φ) { return project([λ * d3_degrees, φ * d3_degrees]); });
+  var resample = d3_geo_resample(function(x, y) { return project([x * d3_degrees, y * d3_degrees]); });
   return function(stream) {
-    stream = resample(stream);
-    return {
-      point: function(λ, φ) { stream.point(λ * d3_radians, φ * d3_radians); },
-      sphere: function() { stream.sphere(); },
-      lineStart: function() { stream.lineStart(); },
-      lineEnd: function() { stream.lineEnd(); },
-      polygonStart: function() { stream.polygonStart(); },
-      polygonEnd: function() { stream.polygonEnd(); }
-    };
+    var transform = new d3_geo_transform(stream = resample(stream));
+    transform.point = function(x, y) { stream.point(x * d3_radians, y * d3_radians); };
+    return transform;
   };
 }
 
@@ -4041,7 +4304,7 @@ function d3_geo_projectionMutator(projectAt) {
 
   projection.stream = function(output) {
     if (stream) stream.valid = false;
-    stream = d3_geo_projectionRadiansRotate(rotate, preclip(projectResample(postclip(output))));
+    stream = d3_geo_projectionRadians(preclip(rotate, projectResample(postclip(output))));
     stream.valid = true; // allow caching by d3.geo.path
     return stream;
   };
@@ -4055,7 +4318,7 @@ function d3_geo_projectionMutator(projectAt) {
   projection.clipExtent = function(_) {
     if (!arguments.length) return clipExtent;
     clipExtent = _;
-    postclip = _ == null ? d3_identity : d3_geo_clipView(_[0][0], _[0][1], _[1][0], _[1][1]);
+    postclip = _ ? d3_geo_clipExtent(_[0][0], _[0][1], _[1][0], _[1][1]) : d3_identity;
     return invalidate();
   };
 
@@ -4098,10 +4361,7 @@ function d3_geo_projectionMutator(projectAt) {
   }
 
   function invalidate() {
-    if (stream) {
-      stream.valid = false;
-      stream = null;
-    }
+    if (stream) stream.valid = false, stream = null;
     return projection;
   }
 
@@ -4112,18 +4372,12 @@ function d3_geo_projectionMutator(projectAt) {
   };
 }
 
-function d3_geo_projectionRadiansRotate(rotate, stream) {
-  return {
-    point: function(x, y) {
-      y = rotate(x * d3_radians, y * d3_radians), x = y[0];
-      stream.point(x > π ? x - 2 * π : x < -π ? x + 2 * π : x, y[1]);
-    },
-    sphere: function() { stream.sphere(); },
-    lineStart: function() { stream.lineStart(); },
-    lineEnd: function() { stream.lineEnd(); },
-    polygonStart: function() { stream.polygonStart(); },
-    polygonEnd: function() { stream.polygonEnd(); }
+function d3_geo_projectionRadians(stream) {
+  var transform = new d3_geo_transform(stream);
+  transform.point = function(λ, φ) {
+    stream.point(λ * d3_radians, φ * d3_radians);
   };
+  return transform;
 }
 
 function d3_geo_mercator(λ, φ) {
@@ -4131,7 +4385,7 @@ function d3_geo_mercator(λ, φ) {
 }
 
 d3_geo_mercator.invert = function(x, y) {
-  return [x, 2 * Math.atan(Math.exp(y)) - π / 2];
+  return [x, 2 * Math.atan(Math.exp(y)) - halfπ];
 };
 
 function d3_geo_mercatorProjection(project) {
@@ -4303,7 +4557,7 @@ d3.ease = function(name) {
       m = i >= 0 ? name.substring(i + 1) : "in";
   t = d3_ease.get(t) || d3_ease_default;
   m = d3_ease_mode.get(m) || d3_identity;
-  return d3_ease_clamp(m(t.apply(null, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1))));
+  return d3_ease_clamp(m(t.apply(null, d3_arraySlice.call(arguments, 1))));
 };
 
 function d3_ease_clamp(f) {
@@ -4347,7 +4601,7 @@ function d3_ease_poly(e) {
 }
 
 function d3_ease_sin(t) {
-  return 1 - Math.cos(t * π / 2);
+  return 1 - Math.cos(t * halfπ);
 }
 
 function d3_ease_exp(t) {
@@ -4361,10 +4615,10 @@ function d3_ease_circle(t) {
 function d3_ease_elastic(a, p) {
   var s;
   if (arguments.length < 2) p = 0.45;
-  if (arguments.length) s = p / (2 * π) * Math.asin(1 / a);
+  if (arguments.length) s = p / τ * Math.asin(1 / a);
   else a = 1, s = p / 4;
   return function(t) {
-    return 1 + a * Math.pow(2, 10 * -t) * Math.sin((t - s) * 2 * π / p);
+    return 1 + a * Math.pow(2, -10 * t) * Math.sin((t - s) * τ / p);
   };
 }
 
@@ -5379,7 +5633,7 @@ function d3_transition_text(b) {
 d3_transitionPrototype.remove = function() {
   return this.each("end.transition", function() {
     var p;
-    if (!this.__transition__ && (p = this.parentNode)) p.removeChild(this);
+    if (this.__transition__.count < 2 && (p = this.parentNode)) p.removeChild(this);
   });
 };
 
@@ -5393,15 +5647,15 @@ d3_transitionPrototype.ease = function(value) {
 d3_transitionPrototype.delay = function(value) {
   var id = this.id;
   return d3_selection_each(this, typeof value === "function"
-      ? function(node, i, j) { node.__transition__[id].delay = value.call(node, node.__data__, i, j) | 0; }
-      : (value |= 0, function(node) { node.__transition__[id].delay = value; }));
+      ? function(node, i, j) { node.__transition__[id].delay = +value.call(node, node.__data__, i, j); }
+      : (value = +value, function(node) { node.__transition__[id].delay = value; }));
 };
 
 d3_transitionPrototype.duration = function(value) {
   var id = this.id;
   return d3_selection_each(this, typeof value === "function"
-      ? function(node, i, j) { node.__transition__[id].duration = Math.max(1, value.call(node, node.__data__, i, j) | 0); }
-      : (value = Math.max(1, value | 0), function(node) { node.__transition__[id].duration = value; }));
+      ? function(node, i, j) { node.__transition__[id].duration = Math.max(1, value.call(node, node.__data__, i, j)); }
+      : (value = Math.max(1, value), function(node) { node.__transition__[id].duration = value; }));
 };
 
 d3_transitionPrototype.each = function(type, listener) {
@@ -5471,10 +5725,12 @@ function d3_transitionNode(node, i, id, inherit) {
           ease = transition.ease,
           delay = transition.delay,
           duration = transition.duration,
+          timer = d3_timer_active,
           tweened = [];
 
-      if (delay <= elapsed) return start(elapsed);
-      d3_timer_replace(start, delay, time);
+      timer.t = delay + time;
+      if (delay <= elapsed) return start(elapsed - delay);
+      timer.c = start;
 
       function start(elapsed) {
         if (lock.active > id) return stop();
@@ -5487,14 +5743,16 @@ function d3_transitionNode(node, i, id, inherit) {
           }
         });
 
-        if (tick(elapsed)) return 1;
-        d3_timer_replace(tick, 0, time);
+        d3.timer(function() { // defer to end of current frame
+          timer.c = tick(elapsed || 1) ? d3_true : tick;
+          return 1;
+        }, 0, time);
       }
 
       function tick(elapsed) {
         if (lock.active !== id) return stop();
 
-        var t = (elapsed - delay) / duration,
+        var t = elapsed / duration,
             e = ease(t),
             n = tweened.length;
 
@@ -5503,9 +5761,8 @@ function d3_transitionNode(node, i, id, inherit) {
         }
 
         if (t >= 1) {
-          stop();
           transition.event && transition.event.end.call(node, d, i);
-          return 1;
+          return stop();
         }
       }
 
@@ -5529,7 +5786,7 @@ function d3_xhrType(response) {
 
 function d3_xhr(url, mimeType, response, callback) {
   var xhr = {},
-      dispatch = d3.dispatch("progress", "load", "error"),
+      dispatch = d3.dispatch("beforesend", "progress", "load", "error"),
       headers = {},
       request = new XMLHttpRequest,
       responseType = null;
@@ -5611,6 +5868,7 @@ function d3_xhr(url, mimeType, response, callback) {
     if (mimeType != null && request.overrideMimeType) request.overrideMimeType(mimeType);
     if (responseType != null) request.responseType = responseType;
     if (callback != null) xhr.on("error", callback).on("load", function(request) { callback(null, request); });
+    dispatch.beforesend.call(xhr, request);
     request.send(data == null ? null : data);
     return xhr;
   };
@@ -5665,7 +5923,7 @@ d3.combobox = function() {
 
     var fetcher = function(val, cb) {
         cb(data.filter(function(d) {
-            return d.title
+            return d.value
                 .toString()
                 .toLowerCase()
                 .indexOf(val.toLowerCase()) !== -1;
@@ -5690,25 +5948,26 @@ d3.combobox = function() {
                 var parent = this.parentNode,
                     sibling = this.nextSibling;
 
-                var carat = d3.select(parent).selectAll('.combobox-carat')
+                var caret = d3.select(parent).selectAll('.combobox-caret')
                     .filter(function(d) { return d === input.node(); })
                     .data([input.node()]);
 
-                carat.enter().insert('div', function() { return sibling; })
-                    .attr('class', 'combobox-carat');
+                caret.enter().insert('div', function() { return sibling; })
+                    .attr('class', 'combobox-caret');
 
-                carat
+                caret
                     .on('mousedown', function () {
                         // prevent the form element from blurring. it blurs
                         // on mousedown
                         d3.event.stopPropagation();
                         d3.event.preventDefault();
                         input.node().focus();
+                        fetch('', render);
                     });
             });
 
         function focus() {
-            fetch(render);
+            fetch(value(), render);
         }
 
         function blur() {
@@ -5798,7 +6057,7 @@ d3.combobox = function() {
         }
 
         function change() {
-            fetch(function() {
+            fetch(value(), function() {
                 autocomplete();
                 render();
             });
@@ -5823,8 +6082,8 @@ d3.combobox = function() {
             return value;
         }
 
-        function fetch(cb) {
-            fetcher.call(input, value(), function(_) {
+        function fetch(v, cb) {
+            fetcher.call(input, v, function(_) {
                 suggestions = _;
                 cb();
             });
@@ -5849,7 +6108,7 @@ d3.combobox = function() {
         }
 
         function render() {
-            if (suggestions.length && document.activeElement === input.node()) {
+            if (suggestions.length > 1 && document.activeElement === input.node()) {
                 show();
             } else {
                 hide();
@@ -13770,64 +14029,126 @@ if (typeof module !== 'undefined') {
 
 })();
 toGeoJSON = (function() {
-    var removeSpace = (/\s*/g), trimSpace = (/^\s*|\s*$/g), splitSpace = (/\s+/);
+    'use strict';
+
+    var removeSpace = (/\s*/g),
+        trimSpace = (/^\s*|\s*$/g),
+        splitSpace = (/\s+/);
+    // generate a short, numeric hash of a string
     function okhash(x) {
         if (!x || !x.length) return 0;
         for (var i = 0, h = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
             h = ((h << 5) - h) + x.charCodeAt(i) | 0;
         } return h;
     }
+    // all Y children of X
     function get(x, y) { return x.getElementsByTagName(y); }
     function attr(x, y) { return x.getAttribute(y); }
     function attrf(x, y) { return parseFloat(attr(x, y)); }
+    // one Y child of X, if any, otherwise null
     function get1(x, y) { var n = get(x, y); return n.length ? n[0] : null; }
+    // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Node.normalize
+    function norm(el) { if (el.normalize) { el.normalize(); } return el; }
+    // cast array x into numbers
     function numarray(x) {
         for (var j = 0, o = []; j < x.length; j++) o[j] = parseFloat(x[j]);
         return o;
     }
-    function nodeVal(x) { return x && x.firstChild && x.firstChild.nodeValue; }
+    function clean(x) {
+        var o = {};
+        for (var i in x) if (x[i]) o[i] = x[i];
+        return o;
+    }
+    // get the content of a text node, if any
+    function nodeVal(x) { if (x) {norm(x);} return x && x.firstChild && x.firstChild.nodeValue; }
+    // get one coordinate from a coordinate array, if any
     function coord1(v) { return numarray(v.replace(removeSpace, '').split(',')); }
+    // get all coordinates from a coordinate array as [[],[]]
     function coord(v) {
-        var coords = v.replace(trimSpace, '').split(splitSpace), o = [];
-        for (var i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) o.push(coord1(coords[i]));
+        var coords = v.replace(trimSpace, '').split(splitSpace),
+            o = [];
+        for (var i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
+            o.push(coord1(coords[i]));
+        }
         return o;
     }
-    function fc() { return { type: 'FeatureCollection', features: [] }; }
+    function coordPair(x) { return [attrf(x, 'lon'), attrf(x, 'lat')]; }
+
+    // create a new feature collection parent object
+    function fc() {
+        return {
+            type: 'FeatureCollection',
+            features: []
+        };
+    }
+
+    var styleSupport = false;
+    if (typeof XMLSerializer !== 'undefined') {
+        var serializer = new XMLSerializer();
+        styleSupport = true;
+    }
+    function xml2str(str) { return serializer.serializeToString(str); }
+
     var t = {
         kml: function(doc, o) {
             o = o || {};
-            var gj = fc(), styleIndex = {},
-                geotypes = ['Polygon', 'LineString', 'Point'],
-                placemarks = get(doc, 'Placemark'), styles = get(doc, 'Style');
 
-            if (o.styles) for (var k = 0; k < styles.length; k++) {
-                styleIndex['#' + styles[k].id] = okhash(styles[k].innerHTML).toString(16);
+            var gj = fc(),
+                // styleindex keeps track of hashed styles in order to match features
+                styleIndex = {},
+                // atomic geospatial types supported by KML - MultiGeometry is
+                // handled separately
+                geotypes = ['Polygon', 'LineString', 'Point', 'Track'],
+                // all root placemarks in the file
+                placemarks = get(doc, 'Placemark'),
+                styles = get(doc, 'Style');
+
+            if (styleSupport) for (var k = 0; k < styles.length; k++) {
+                styleIndex['#' + attr(styles[k], 'id')] = okhash(xml2str(styles[k])).toString(16);
             }
             for (var j = 0; j < placemarks.length; j++) {
                 gj.features = gj.features.concat(getPlacemark(placemarks[j]));
             }
+            function gxCoord(v) { return numarray(v.split(' ')); }
+            function gxCoords(root) {
+                var elems = get(root, 'coord', 'gx'), coords = [];
+                for (var i = 0; i < elems.length; i++) coords.push(gxCoord(nodeVal(elems[i])));
+                return coords;
+            }
             function getGeometry(root) {
                 var geomNode, geomNodes, i, j, k, geoms = [];
                 if (get1(root, 'MultiGeometry')) return getGeometry(get1(root, 'MultiGeometry'));
+                if (get1(root, 'MultiTrack')) return getGeometry(get1(root, 'MultiTrack'));
                 for (i = 0; i < geotypes.length; i++) {
                     geomNodes = get(root, geotypes[i]);
                     if (geomNodes) {
                         for (j = 0; j < geomNodes.length; j++) {
                             geomNode = geomNodes[j];
                             if (geotypes[i] == 'Point') {
-                                geoms.push({ type: 'Point',
+                                geoms.push({
+                                    type: 'Point',
                                     coordinates: coord1(nodeVal(get1(geomNode, 'coordinates')))
                                 });
                             } else if (geotypes[i] == 'LineString') {
-                                geoms.push({ type: 'LineString',
+                                geoms.push({
+                                    type: 'LineString',
                                     coordinates: coord(nodeVal(get1(geomNode, 'coordinates')))
                                 });
                             } else if (geotypes[i] == 'Polygon') {
-                                var rings = get(geomNode, 'LinearRing'), coords = [];
+                                var rings = get(geomNode, 'LinearRing'),
+                                    coords = [];
                                 for (k = 0; k < rings.length; k++) {
                                     coords.push(coord(nodeVal(get1(rings[k], 'coordinates'))));
                                 }
-                                geoms.push({ type: 'Polygon', coordinates: coords });
+                                geoms.push({
+                                    type: 'Polygon',
+                                    coordinates: coords
+                                });
+                            } else if (geotypes[i] == 'Track') {
+                                geoms.push({
+                                    type: 'LineString',
+                                    coordinates: gxCoords(geomNode)
+                                });
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -13841,7 +14162,7 @@ toGeoJSON = (function() {
                     description = nodeVal(get1(root, 'description')),
                     extendedData = get1(root, 'ExtendedData');
 
-                if (!geoms.length) return false;
+                if (!geoms.length) return [];
                 if (name) properties.name = name;
                 if (styleUrl && styleIndex[styleUrl]) {
                     properties.styleUrl = styleUrl;
@@ -13859,28 +14180,69 @@ toGeoJSON = (function() {
                         properties[simpleDatas[i].getAttribute('name')] = nodeVal(simpleDatas[i]);
                     }
                 }
-                return [{ type: 'Feature', geometry: (geoms.length === 1) ? geoms[0] : {
-                    type: 'GeometryCollection',
-                    geometries: geoms }, properties: properties }];
+                return [{
+                    type: 'Feature',
+                    geometry: (geoms.length === 1) ? geoms[0] : {
+                        type: 'GeometryCollection',
+                        geometries: geoms
+                    },
+                    properties: properties
+                }];
             }
             return gj;
         },
         gpx: function(doc, o) {
-            var i, j, tracks = get(doc, 'trk'), track, pt, gj = fc();
+            var i,
+                tracks = get(doc, 'trk'),
+                routes = get(doc, 'rte'),
+                waypoints = get(doc, 'wpt'),
+                // a feature collection
+                gj = fc();
             for (i = 0; i < tracks.length; i++) {
-                track = tracks[i];
-                var name = nodeVal(get1(track, 'name'));
-                var pts = get(track, 'trkpt'), line = [];
+                gj.features.push(getLinestring(tracks[i], 'trkpt'));
+            }
+            for (i = 0; i < routes.length; i++) {
+                gj.features.push(getLinestring(routes[i], 'rtept'));
+            }
+            for (i = 0; i < waypoints.length; i++) {
+                gj.features.push(getPoint(waypoints[i]));
+            }
+            function getLinestring(node, pointname) {
+                var j, pts = get(node, pointname), line = [];
                 for (j = 0; j < pts.length; j++) {
-                    line.push([attrf(pts[j], 'lon'), attrf(pts[j], 'lat')]);
+                    line.push(coordPair(pts[j]));
                 }
-                gj.features.push({
+                return {
                     type: 'Feature',
-                    properties: {
-                        name: name || ''
-                    },
-                    geometry: { type: 'LineString', coordinates: line }
-                });
+                    properties: getProperties(node),
+                    geometry: {
+                        type: 'LineString',
+                        coordinates: line
+                    }
+                };
+            }
+            function getPoint(node) {
+                var prop = getProperties(node);
+                prop.ele = nodeVal(get1(node, 'ele'));
+                prop.sym = nodeVal(get1(node, 'sym'));
+                return {
+                    type: 'Feature',
+                    properties: prop,
+                    geometry: {
+                        type: 'Point',
+                        coordinates: coordPair(node)
+                    }
+                };
+            }
+            function getProperties(node) {
+                var meta = ['name', 'desc', 'author', 'copyright', 'link',
+                            'time', 'keywords'],
+                    prop = {},
+                    k;
+                for (k = 0; k < meta.length; k++) {
+                    prop[meta[k]] = nodeVal(get1(node, meta[k]));
+                }
+                return clean(prop);
             }
             return gj;
         }
@@ -15016,6 +15378,7 @@ if (typeof exports === 'object') {
 }).call(function() {
   return this || (typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : global);
 }());
+/* jshint ignore:start */
 (function () {
 'use strict';
 window.iD = function () {
@@ -15033,14 +15396,21 @@ window.iD = function () {
         return {
             getItem: function(k) { return s[k]; },
             setItem: function(k, v) { s[k] = v; },
-            removeItem: function(k) { delete s[k] }
+            removeItem: function(k) { delete s[k]; }
         };
     })();
 
     context.storage = function(k, v) {
-        if (arguments.length === 1) return storage.getItem(k);
-        else if (v === null) storage.removeItem(k);
-        else storage.setItem(k, v);
+        try {
+            if (arguments.length === 1) return storage.getItem(k);
+            else if (v === null) storage.removeItem(k);
+            else storage.setItem(k, v);
+        } catch(e) {
+            // localstorage quota exceeded
+            /* jshint devel:true */
+            if (typeof console !== 'undefined') console.error('localStorage quota exceeded');
+            /* jshint devel:false */
+        }
     };
 
     var history = iD.History(context),
@@ -15091,20 +15461,46 @@ window.iD = function () {
 
     /* History */
     context.graph = history.graph;
-    context.perform = history.perform;
-    context.replace = history.replace;
-    context.pop = history.pop;
-    context.undo = history.undo;
-    context.redo = history.redo;
     context.changes = history.changes;
     context.intersects = history.intersects;
 
+    var inIntro = false;
+
+    context.inIntro = function(_) {
+        if (!arguments.length) return inIntro;
+        inIntro = _;
+        return context;
+    };
+
+    context.save = function() {
+        if (inIntro) return;
+        history.save();
+        if (history.hasChanges()) return t('save.unsaved_changes');
+    };
+
     context.flush = function() {
         connection.flush();
         history.reset();
         return context;
     };
 
+    // Debounce save, since it's a synchronous localStorage write,
+    // and history changes can happen frequently (e.g. when dragging).
+    var debouncedSave = _.debounce(context.save, 350);
+    function withDebouncedSave(fn) {
+        return function() {
+            var result = fn.apply(history, arguments);
+            debouncedSave();
+            return result;
+        };
+    }
+
+    context.perform = withDebouncedSave(history.perform);
+    context.replace = withDebouncedSave(history.replace);
+    context.pop = withDebouncedSave(history.pop);
+    context.undo = withDebouncedSave(history.undo);
+    context.redo = withDebouncedSave(history.redo);
+
     /* Graph */
     context.hasEntity = function(id) {
         return history.graph().hasEntity(id);
@@ -15184,9 +15580,52 @@ window.iD = function () {
     };
 
     /* Projection */
-    context.projection = d3.geo.mercator()
-        .scale(512 / Math.PI)
-        .precision(0);
+    function rawMercator() {
+        var project = d3.geo.mercator.raw,
+            k = 512 / Math.PI, // scale
+            x = 0, y = 0, // translate
+            clipExtent = [[0, 0], [0, 0]];
+
+        function projection(point) {
+            point = project(point[0] * Math.PI / 180, point[1] * Math.PI / 180);
+            return [point[0] * k + x, y - point[1] * k];
+        }
+
+        projection.invert = function(point) {
+            point = project.invert((point[0] - x) / k, (y - point[1]) / k);
+            return point && [point[0] * 180 / Math.PI, point[1] * 180 / Math.PI];
+        };
+
+        projection.scale = function(_) {
+            if (!arguments.length) return k;
+            k = +_;
+            return projection;
+        };
+
+        projection.translate = function(_) {
+            if (!arguments.length) return [x, y];
+            x = +_[0];
+            y = +_[1];
+            return projection;
+        };
+
+        projection.clipExtent = function(_) {
+            if (!arguments.length) return clipExtent;
+            clipExtent = _;
+            return projection;
+        };
+
+        projection.stream = d3.geo.transform({
+            point: function(x, y) {
+                x = projection([x, y]);
+                this.stream.point(x[0], x[1]);
+            }
+        }).stream;
+
+        return projection;
+    }
+
+    context.projection = rawMercator();
 
     /* Background */
     var background = iD.Background(context);
@@ -15203,6 +15642,13 @@ window.iD = function () {
     context.zoomIn = map.zoomIn;
     context.zoomOut = map.zoomOut;
 
+    context.surfaceRect = function() {
+        // Work around a bug in Firefox.
+        //   http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18153989/
+        //   https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=530985
+        return context.surface().node().parentNode.getBoundingClientRect();
+    };
+
     /* Presets */
     var presets = iD.presets()
         .load(iD.data.presets);
@@ -15247,13 +15693,13 @@ window.iD = function () {
     return d3.rebind(context, dispatch, 'on');
 };
 
-iD.version = '1.1.5';
+iD.version = '1.3.1';
 
 (function() {
     var detected = {};
 
     var ua = navigator.userAgent,
-        msie = new RegExp("MSIE ([0-9]{1,}[\\.0-9]{0,})");
+        msie = new RegExp('MSIE ([0-9]{1,}[\\.0-9]{0,})');
 
     if (msie.exec(ua) !== null) {
         var rv = parseFloat(RegExp.$1);
@@ -15400,7 +15846,12 @@ iD.taginfo = function() {
     taginfo.docs = function(parameters, callback) {
         var debounce = parameters.debounce;
         parameters = clean(setSort(parameters));
-        request(endpoint + (parameters.value ? 'tag/wiki_pages?' : 'key/wiki_pages?') +
+
+        var path = 'key/wiki_pages?';
+        if (parameters.value) path = 'tag/wiki_pages?';
+        else if (parameters.rtype) path = 'relation/wiki_pages?';
+
+        request(endpoint + path +
             iD.util.qsString(parameters), debounce, callback);
     };
 
@@ -15492,7 +15943,7 @@ iD.util.entityOrMemberSelector = function(ids, graph) {
         var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
         if (entity && entity.type === 'relation') {
             entity.members.forEach(function(member) {
-                s += ',.' + member.id
+                s += ',.' + member.id;
             });
         }
     });
@@ -15577,7 +16028,7 @@ iD.util.editDistance = function(a, b) {
     for (var j = 0; j <= a.length; j++) { matrix[0][j] = j; }
     for (i = 1; i <= b.length; i++) {
         for (j = 1; j <= a.length; j++) {
-            if (b.charAt(i-1) == a.charAt(j-1)) {
+            if (b.charAt(i-1) === a.charAt(j-1)) {
                 matrix[i][j] = matrix[i-1][j-1];
             } else {
                 matrix[i][j] = Math.min(matrix[i-1][j-1] + 1, // substitution
@@ -15605,6 +16056,7 @@ iD.util.fastMouse = function(container) {
     };
 };
 
+/* jshint -W103 */
 iD.util.getPrototypeOf = Object.getPrototypeOf || function(obj) { return obj.__proto__; };
 
 iD.util.asyncMap = function(inputs, func, callback) {
@@ -15621,6 +16073,49 @@ iD.util.asyncMap = function(inputs, func, callback) {
         });
     });
 };
+
+// wraps an index to an interval [0..length-1]
+iD.util.wrap = function(index, length) {
+    if (index < 0)
+        index += Math.ceil(-index/length)*length;
+    return index % length;
+};
+// A per-domain session mutex backed by a cookie and dead man's
+// switch. If the session crashes, the mutex will auto-release
+// after 5 seconds.
+
+iD.util.SessionMutex = function(name) {
+    var mutex = {},
+        intervalID;
+
+    function renew() {
+        var expires = new Date();
+        expires.setSeconds(expires.getSeconds() + 5);
+        document.cookie = name + '=1; expires=' + expires.toUTCString();
+    }
+
+    mutex.lock = function() {
+        if (intervalID) return true;
+        var cookie = document.cookie.replace(new RegExp('(?:(?:^|.*;)\\s*' + name + '\\s*\\=\\s*([^;]*).*$)|^.*$'), '$1');
+        if (cookie) return false;
+        renew();
+        intervalID = window.setInterval(renew, 4000);
+        return true;
+    };
+
+    mutex.unlock = function() {
+        if (!intervalID) return;
+        document.cookie = name + '=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT';
+        clearInterval(intervalID);
+        intervalID = null;
+    };
+
+    mutex.locked = function() {
+        return !!intervalID;
+    };
+
+    return mutex;
+};
 iD.geo = {};
 
 iD.geo.roundCoords = function(c) {
@@ -15633,17 +16128,28 @@ iD.geo.interp = function(p1, p2, t) {
 };
 
 // http://jsperf.com/id-dist-optimization
-iD.geo.dist = function(a, b) {
+iD.geo.euclideanDistance = function(a, b) {
     var x = a[0] - b[0], y = a[1] - b[1];
     return Math.sqrt((x * x) + (y * y));
 };
+// Equirectangular approximation of spherical distances on Earth
+iD.geo.sphericalDistance = function(a, b) {
+    var x = Math.cos(a[1]*Math.PI/180) * (a[0] - b[0]),
+        y = a[1] - b[1];
+    return 6.3710E6 * Math.sqrt((x * x) + (y * y)) * Math.PI/180;
+};
+
+iD.geo.edgeEqual = function(a, b) {
+    return (a[0] === b[0] && a[1] === b[1]) ||
+        (a[0] === b[1] && a[1] === b[0]);
+};
 
 // Choose the edge with the minimal distance from `point` to its orthogonal
 // projection onto that edge, if such a projection exists, or the distance to
 // the closest vertex on that edge. Returns an object with the `index` of the
 // chosen edge, the chosen `loc` on that edge, and the `distance` to to it.
 iD.geo.chooseEdge = function(nodes, point, projection) {
-    var dist = iD.geo.dist,
+    var dist = iD.geo.euclideanDistance,
         points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); }),
         min = Infinity,
         idx, loc;
@@ -15702,7 +16208,7 @@ iD.geo.pointInPolygon = function(point, polygon) {
         var xi = polygon[i][0], yi = polygon[i][1];
         var xj = polygon[j][0], yj = polygon[j][1];
 
-        var intersect = ((yi > y) != (yj > y)) &&
+        var intersect = ((yi > y) !== (yj > y)) &&
             (x < (xj - xi) * (y - yi) / (yj - yi) + xi);
         if (intersect) inside = !inside;
     }
@@ -15761,6 +16267,16 @@ _.extend(iD.geo.Extent.prototype, {
                 (this[0][1] + this[1][1]) / 2];
     },
 
+    polygon: function() {
+        return [
+            [this[0][0], this[0][1]],
+            [this[0][0], this[1][1]],
+            [this[1][0], this[1][1]],
+            [this[1][0], this[0][1]],
+            [this[0][0], this[0][1]]
+        ];
+    },
+
     intersects: function(obj) {
         if (!(obj instanceof iD.geo.Extent)) obj = new iD.geo.Extent(obj);
         return obj[0][0] <= this[1][0] &&
@@ -15924,6 +16440,68 @@ iD.geo.joinWays = function(array, graph) {
 
     return joined;
 };
+iD.geo.turns = function(graph, entityID) {
+    var way = graph.entity(entityID);
+    if (way.type !== 'way' || !way.tags.highway || way.isArea())
+        return [];
+
+    function withRestriction(turn) {
+        graph.parentRelations(turn.from).forEach(function(relation) {
+            if (relation.tags.type !== 'restriction')
+                return;
+
+            var f = relation.memberByRole('from'),
+                t = relation.memberByRole('to'),
+                v = relation.memberByRole('via');
+
+            if (f && f.id === turn.from.id &&
+                t && t.id === turn.to.id &&
+                v && v.id === turn.via.id) {
+                turn.restriction = relation;
+            }
+        });
+
+        return turn;
+    }
+
+    var turns = [];
+
+    [way.first(), way.last()].forEach(function(nodeID) {
+        var node = graph.entity(nodeID);
+        graph.parentWays(node).forEach(function(parent) {
+            if (parent === way || parent.isDegenerate() || !parent.tags.highway)
+                return;
+            if (way.first() === node.id && way.tags.oneway === 'yes')
+                return;
+            if (way.last() === node.id && way.tags.oneway === '-1')
+                return;
+
+            var index = parent.nodes.indexOf(node.id);
+
+            // backward
+            if (parent.first() !== node.id && parent.tags.oneway !== 'yes') {
+                turns.push(withRestriction({
+                    from: way,
+                    to: parent,
+                    via: node,
+                    toward: graph.entity(parent.nodes[index - 1])
+                }));
+            }
+
+            // forward
+            if (parent.last() !== node.id && parent.tags.oneway !== '-1') {
+                turns.push(withRestriction({
+                    from: way,
+                    to: parent,
+                    via: node,
+                    toward: graph.entity(parent.nodes[index + 1])
+                }));
+            }
+       });
+    });
+
+    return turns;
+};
 iD.actions = {};
 iD.actions.AddEntity = function(way) {
     return function(graph) {
@@ -15957,7 +16535,7 @@ iD.actions.AddMember = function(relationId, member, memberIndex) {
         }
 
         return graph.replace(relation.addMember(member, memberIndex));
-    }
+    };
 };
 iD.actions.AddMidpoint = function(midpoint, node) {
     return function(graph) {
@@ -15969,11 +16547,12 @@ iD.actions.AddMidpoint = function(midpoint, node) {
 
         parents.forEach(function(way) {
             for (var i = 0; i < way.nodes.length - 1; i++) {
-                if ((way.nodes[i]     === midpoint.edge[0] &&
-                     way.nodes[i + 1] === midpoint.edge[1]) ||
-                    (way.nodes[i]     === midpoint.edge[1] &&
-                     way.nodes[i + 1] === midpoint.edge[0])) {
+                if (iD.geo.edgeEqual([way.nodes[i], way.nodes[i + 1]], midpoint.edge)) {
                     graph = graph.replace(graph.entity(way.id).addNode(node.id, i + 1));
+
+                    // Add only one midpoint on doubled-back segments,
+                    // turning them into self-intersections.
+                    return;
                 }
             }
         });
@@ -15990,7 +16569,7 @@ iD.actions.AddVertex = function(wayId, nodeId, index) {
 iD.actions.ChangeMember = function(relationId, member, memberIndex) {
     return function(graph) {
         return graph.replace(graph.entity(relationId).updateMember(member, memberIndex));
-    }
+    };
 };
 iD.actions.ChangePreset = function(entityId, oldPreset, newPreset) {
     return function(graph) {
@@ -16010,63 +16589,105 @@ iD.actions.ChangeTags = function(entityId, tags) {
         return graph.replace(entity.update({tags: tags}));
     };
 };
-iD.actions.Circularize = function(wayId, projection, count) {
-    count = count || 12;
-
-    function closestIndex(nodes, loc) {
-        var idx, min = Infinity, dist;
-        for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
-            dist = iD.geo.dist(nodes[i].loc, loc);
-            if (dist < min) {
-                min = dist;
-                idx = i;
-            }
-        }
-        return idx;
-    }
+iD.actions.Circularize = function(wayId, projection, maxAngle) {
+    maxAngle = (maxAngle || 20) * Math.PI / 180;
 
     var action = function(graph) {
         var way = graph.entity(wayId),
             nodes = _.uniq(graph.childNodes(way)),
+            keyNodes = nodes.filter(function(n) { return graph.parentWays(n).length !== 1; }),
             points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); }),
+            keyPoints = keyNodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); }),
             centroid = d3.geom.polygon(points).centroid(),
-            radius = d3.median(points, function(p) {
-                return iD.geo.dist(centroid, p);
-            }),
-            ids = [],
-            sign = d3.geom.polygon(points).area() > 0 ? -1 : 1;
-
-        for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-            var node,
+            radius = d3.median(points, function(p) { return iD.geo.euclideanDistance(centroid, p); }),
+            sign = d3.geom.polygon(points).area() > 0 ? 1 : -1,
+            ids;
+
+        // we need atleast two key nodes for the algorithm to work
+        if (!keyNodes.length) {
+            keyNodes = [nodes[0]];
+            keyPoints = [points[0]];
+        }
+
+        if (keyNodes.length === 1) {
+            var index = nodes.indexOf(keyNodes[0]),
+                oppositeIndex = Math.floor((index + nodes.length / 2) % nodes.length);
+
+            keyNodes.push(nodes[oppositeIndex]);
+            keyPoints.push(points[oppositeIndex]);
+        }
+
+        // key points and nodes are those connected to the ways,
+        // they are projected onto the circle, inbetween nodes are moved
+        // to constant internals between key nodes, extra inbetween nodes are
+        // added if necessary.
+        for (var i = 0; i < keyPoints.length; i++) {
+            var nextKeyNodeIndex = (i + 1) % keyNodes.length,
+                startNodeIndex = nodes.indexOf(keyNodes[i]),
+                endNodeIndex = nodes.indexOf(keyNodes[nextKeyNodeIndex]),
+                numberNewPoints = -1,
+                indexRange = endNodeIndex - startNodeIndex,
+                distance, totalAngle, eachAngle, startAngle, endAngle,
+                angle, loc, node, j;
+
+            if (indexRange < 0) {
+                indexRange += nodes.length;
+            }
+
+            // position this key node
+            distance = iD.geo.euclideanDistance(centroid, keyPoints[i]);
+            keyPoints[i] = [
+                centroid[0] + (keyPoints[i][0] - centroid[0]) / distance * radius,
+                centroid[1] + (keyPoints[i][1] - centroid[1]) / distance * radius];
+            graph = graph.replace(keyNodes[i].move(projection.invert(keyPoints[i])));
+
+            // figure out the between delta angle we want to match to
+            startAngle = Math.atan2(keyPoints[i][1] - centroid[1], keyPoints[i][0] - centroid[0]);
+            endAngle = Math.atan2(keyPoints[nextKeyNodeIndex][1] - centroid[1], keyPoints[nextKeyNodeIndex][0] - centroid[0]);
+            totalAngle = endAngle - startAngle;
+
+            // detects looping around -pi/pi
+            if (totalAngle*sign > 0) {
+                totalAngle = -sign * (2 * Math.PI - Math.abs(totalAngle));
+            }
+
+            do {
+                numberNewPoints++;
+                eachAngle = totalAngle / (indexRange + numberNewPoints);
+            } while (Math.abs(eachAngle) > maxAngle);
+
+            // move existing points
+            for (j = 1; j < indexRange; j++) {
+                angle = startAngle + j * eachAngle;
                 loc = projection.invert([
-                    centroid[0] + Math.cos(sign * (i / 12) * Math.PI * 2) * radius,
-                    centroid[1] + Math.sin(sign * (i / 12) * Math.PI * 2) * radius]);
+                    centroid[0] + Math.cos(angle)*radius,
+                    centroid[1] + Math.sin(angle)*radius]);
 
-            if (nodes.length) {
-                var idx = closestIndex(nodes, loc);
-                node = nodes[idx];
-                nodes.splice(idx, 1);
-            } else {
-                node = iD.Node();
+                node = nodes[(j + startNodeIndex) % nodes.length].move(loc);
+                graph = graph.replace(node);
             }
 
-            ids.push(node.id);
-            graph = graph.replace(node.move(loc));
+            // add new inbetween nodes if necessary
+            for (j = 0; j < numberNewPoints; j++) {
+                angle = startAngle + (indexRange + j) * eachAngle;
+                loc = projection.invert([
+                    centroid[0] + Math.cos(angle) * radius,
+                    centroid[1] + Math.sin(angle) * radius]);
+
+                node = iD.Node({loc: loc});
+                graph = graph.replace(node);
+
+                nodes.splice(endNodeIndex + j, 0, node);
+            }
         }
 
+        // update the way to have all the new nodes
+        ids = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.id; });
         ids.push(ids[0]);
+
         way = way.update({nodes: ids});
         graph = graph.replace(way);
 
-        for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
-            graph.parentWays(nodes[i]).forEach(function(parent) {
-                graph = graph.replace(parent.replaceNode(nodes[i].id,
-                    ids[closestIndex(graph.childNodes(way), nodes[i].loc)]));
-            });
-
-            graph = iD.actions.DeleteNode(nodes[i].id)(graph);
-        }
-
         return graph;
     };
 
@@ -16098,6 +16719,7 @@ iD.actions.Connect = function(nodeIds) {
         for (var i = 0; i < nodeIds.length - 1; i++) {
             var node = graph.entity(nodeIds[i]);
 
+            /*jshint -W083 */
             graph.parentWays(node).forEach(function(parent) {
                 if (!parent.areAdjacent(node.id, survivor.id)) {
                     graph = graph.replace(parent.replaceNode(node.id, survivor.id));
@@ -16107,6 +16729,7 @@ iD.actions.Connect = function(nodeIds) {
             graph.parentRelations(node).forEach(function(parent) {
                 graph = graph.replace(parent.replaceMember(node, survivor));
             });
+            /*jshint +W083 */
 
             survivor = survivor.mergeTags(node.tags);
             graph = iD.actions.DeleteNode(node.id)(graph);
@@ -16166,7 +16789,12 @@ iD.actions.DeleteNode = function(nodeId) {
 
         graph.parentRelations(node)
             .forEach(function(parent) {
-                graph = graph.replace(parent.removeMembersWithID(nodeId));
+                parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(nodeId);
+                graph = graph.replace(parent);
+
+                if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
+                    graph = iD.actions.DeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
+                }
             });
 
         return graph.remove(node);
@@ -16191,7 +16819,12 @@ iD.actions.DeleteRelation = function(relationId) {
 
         graph.parentRelations(relation)
             .forEach(function(parent) {
-                graph = graph.replace(parent.removeMembersWithID(relationId));
+                parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(relationId);
+                graph = graph.replace(parent);
+
+                if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
+                    graph = iD.actions.DeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
+                }
             });
 
         _.uniq(_.pluck(relation.members, 'id')).forEach(function(memberId) {
@@ -16226,7 +16859,12 @@ iD.actions.DeleteWay = function(wayId) {
 
         graph.parentRelations(way)
             .forEach(function(parent) {
-                graph = graph.replace(parent.removeMembersWithID(wayId));
+                parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(wayId);
+                graph = graph.replace(parent);
+
+                if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
+                    graph = iD.actions.DeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
+                }
             });
 
         _.uniq(way.nodes).forEach(function(nodeId) {
@@ -16297,7 +16935,7 @@ iD.actions.DiscardTags = function(difference) {
         difference.created().forEach(discardTags);
 
         return graph;
-    }
+    };
 };
 // Disconect the ways at the given node.
 //
@@ -16536,7 +17174,7 @@ iD.actions.MergePolygon = function(ids, newRelationId) {
             return _.any(contained[i]);
         }
 
-        function filterContained(d, i) {
+        function filterContained(d) {
             return d.filter(isContained);
         }
 
@@ -16645,20 +17283,24 @@ iD.actions.Noop = function() {
  */
 
 iD.actions.Orthogonalize = function(wayId, projection) {
+    var threshold = 7, // degrees within right or straight to alter
+        lowerThreshold = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180),
+        upperThreshold = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180);
+
     var action = function(graph) {
         var way = graph.entity(wayId),
             nodes = graph.childNodes(way),
+            points = _.uniq(nodes).map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); }),
             corner = {i: 0, dotp: 1},
-            points, i, j, score, motions;
+            epsilon = 1e-4,
+            i, j, score, motions;
 
         if (nodes.length === 4) {
-            points = _.uniq(nodes).map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
-
             for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
                 motions = points.map(calcMotion);
                 points[corner.i] = addPoints(points[corner.i],motions[corner.i]);
                 score = corner.dotp;
-                if (score < 1.0e-8) {
+                if (score < epsilon) {
                     break;
                 }
             }
@@ -16666,30 +17308,50 @@ iD.actions.Orthogonalize = function(wayId, projection) {
             graph = graph.replace(graph.entity(nodes[corner.i].id)
                 .move(projection.invert(points[corner.i])));
         } else {
-            var best;
-            points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
-            score = squareness();
+            var best,
+                originalPoints = _.clone(points);
+            score = Infinity;
 
             for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
                 motions = points.map(calcMotion);
                 for (j = 0; j < motions.length; j++) {
                     points[j] = addPoints(points[j],motions[j]);
                 }
-                var newScore = squareness();
+                var newScore = squareness(points);
                 if (newScore < score) {
                     best = _.clone(points);
                     score = newScore;
                 }
-                if (score < 1.0e-8) {
+                if (score < epsilon) {
                     break;
                 }
             }
 
             points = best;
 
-            for (i = 0; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
-                graph = graph.replace(graph.entity(nodes[i].id)
-                    .move(projection.invert(points[i])));
+            for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
+                // only move the points that actually moved
+                if (originalPoints[i][0] !== points[i][0] || originalPoints[i][1] !== points[i][1]) {
+                    graph = graph.replace(graph.entity(nodes[i].id)
+                        .move(projection.invert(points[i])));
+                }
+            }
+
+            // remove empty nodes on straight sections
+            for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
+                var node = nodes[i];
+
+                if (graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 ||
+                    graph.parentRelations(node).length ||
+                    node.hasInterestingTags()) {
+
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                var dotp = normalizedDotProduct(i, points);
+                if (dotp < -1 + epsilon) {
+                    graph = iD.actions.DeleteNode(nodes[i].id)(graph);
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -16699,79 +17361,91 @@ iD.actions.Orthogonalize = function(wayId, projection) {
             var a = array[(i - 1 + array.length) % array.length],
                 c = array[(i + 1) % array.length],
                 p = subtractPoints(a, b),
-                q = subtractPoints(c, b);
+                q = subtractPoints(c, b),
+                scale, dotp;
 
-            var scale = iD.geo.dist(p, [0, 0]) + iD.geo.dist(q, [0, 0]);
+            scale = 2 * Math.min(iD.geo.euclideanDistance(p, [0, 0]), iD.geo.euclideanDistance(q, [0, 0]));
             p = normalizePoint(p, 1.0);
             q = normalizePoint(q, 1.0);
 
-            var dotp = p[0] * q[0] + p[1] * q[1];
+            dotp = filterDotProduct(p[0] * q[0] + p[1] * q[1]);
 
             // nasty hack to deal with almost-straight segments (angle is closer to 180 than to 90/270).
             if (array.length > 3) {
                 if (dotp < -0.707106781186547) {
                     dotp += 1.0;
                 }
-            } else if (Math.abs(dotp) < corner.dotp) {
+            } else if (dotp && Math.abs(dotp) < corner.dotp) {
                 corner.i = i;
                 corner.dotp = Math.abs(dotp);
             }
 
             return normalizePoint(addPoints(p, q), 0.1 * dotp * scale);
         }
+    };
 
-        function squareness() {
-            var g = 0.0;
-            for (var i = 1; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
-                var score = scoreOfPoints(points[i - 1], points[i], points[i + 1]);
-                g += score;
-            }
-            var startScore = scoreOfPoints(points[points.length - 1], points[0], points[1]);
-            var endScore = scoreOfPoints(points[points.length - 2], points[points.length - 1], points[0]);
-            g += startScore;
-            g += endScore;
-            return g;
-        }
+    function squareness(points) {
+        return points.reduce(function(sum, val, i, array) {
+            var dotp = normalizedDotProduct(i, array);
 
-        function scoreOfPoints(a, b, c) {
-            var p = subtractPoints(a, b),
-                q = subtractPoints(c, b);
+            dotp = filterDotProduct(dotp);
+            return sum + 2.0 * Math.min(Math.abs(dotp - 1.0), Math.min(Math.abs(dotp), Math.abs(dotp + 1)));
+        }, 0);
+    }
 
-            p = normalizePoint(p, 1.0);
-            q = normalizePoint(q, 1.0);
+    function normalizedDotProduct(i, points) {
+        var a = points[(i - 1 + points.length) % points.length],
+            b = points[i],
+            c = points[(i + 1) % points.length],
+            p = subtractPoints(a, b),
+            q = subtractPoints(c, b);
 
-            var dotp = p[0] * q[0] + p[1] * q[1];
-            // score is constructed so that +1, -1 and 0 are all scored 0, any other angle
-            // is scored higher.
-            return 2.0 * Math.min(Math.abs(dotp - 1.0), Math.min(Math.abs(dotp), Math.abs(dotp + 1)));
-        }
+        p = normalizePoint(p, 1.0);
+        q = normalizePoint(q, 1.0);
 
-        function subtractPoints(a, b) {
-            return [a[0] - b[0], a[1] - b[1]];
-        }
+        return p[0] * q[0] + p[1] * q[1];
+    }
+
+    function subtractPoints(a, b) {
+        return [a[0] - b[0], a[1] - b[1]];
+    }
 
-        function addPoints(a, b) {
-            return [a[0] + b[0], a[1] + b[1]];
+    function addPoints(a, b) {
+        return [a[0] + b[0], a[1] + b[1]];
+    }
+
+    function normalizePoint(point, scale) {
+        var vector = [0, 0];
+        var length = Math.sqrt(point[0] * point[0] + point[1] * point[1]);
+        if (length !== 0) {
+            vector[0] = point[0] / length;
+            vector[1] = point[1] / length;
         }
 
-        function normalizePoint(point, scale) {
-            var vector = [0, 0];
-            var length = Math.sqrt(point[0] * point[0] + point[1] * point[1]);
-            if (length !== 0) {
-                vector[0] = point[0] / length;
-                vector[1] = point[1] / length;
-            }
+        vector[0] *= scale;
+        vector[1] *= scale;
 
-            vector[0] *= scale;
-            vector[1] *= scale;
+        return vector;
+    }
 
-            return vector;
+    function filterDotProduct(dotp) {
+        if (lowerThreshold > Math.abs(dotp) || Math.abs(dotp) > upperThreshold) {
+            return dotp;
         }
-    };
+
+        return 0;
+    }
 
     action.disabled = function(graph) {
-        if (!graph.entity(wayId).isClosed())
-            return 'not_closed';
+        var way = graph.entity(wayId),
+            nodes = graph.childNodes(way),
+            points = _.uniq(nodes).map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
+
+        if (squareness(points)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return 'not_squarish';
     };
 
     return action;
@@ -16822,9 +17496,9 @@ iD.actions.Reverse = function(wayId) {
     }
 
     function reverseValue(key, value) {
-        if (key === "incline" && numeric.test(value)) {
+        if (key === 'incline' && numeric.test(value)) {
             return value.replace(numeric, function(_, sign) { return sign === '-' ? '' : '-'; });
-        } else if (key === "incline" || key === "direction") {
+        } else if (key === 'incline' || key === 'direction') {
             return {up: 'down', down: 'up'}[value] || value;
         } else {
             return {left: 'right', right: 'left'}[value] || value;
@@ -16895,19 +17569,70 @@ iD.actions.RotateWay = function(wayId, pivot, angle, projection) {
 iD.actions.Split = function(nodeId, newWayIds) {
     var wayIds;
 
+    // if the way is closed, we need to search for a partner node
+    // to split the way at.
+    //
+    // The following looks for a node that is both far away from
+    // the initial node in terms of way segment length and nearby
+    // in terms of beeline-distance. This assures that areas get
+    // split on the most "natural" points (independent of the number
+    // of nodes).
+    // For example: bone-shaped areas get split across their waist
+    // line, circles across the diameter.
+    function splitArea(nodes, idxA, graph) {
+        var lengths = new Array(nodes.length),
+            length,
+            i,
+            best = 0,
+            idxB;
+
+        function wrap(index) {
+            return iD.util.wrap(index, nodes.length);
+        }
+
+        function dist(nA, nB) {
+            return iD.geo.sphericalDistance(graph.entity(nA).loc, graph.entity(nB).loc);
+        }
+
+        // calculate lengths
+        length = 0;
+        for (i = wrap(idxA+1); i !== idxA; i = wrap(i+1)) {
+            length += dist(nodes[i], nodes[wrap(i-1)]);
+            lengths[i] = length;
+        }
+
+        length = 0;
+        for (i = wrap(idxA-1); i !== idxA; i = wrap(i-1)) {
+            length += dist(nodes[i], nodes[wrap(i+1)]);
+            if (length < lengths[i])
+                lengths[i] = length;
+        }
+
+        // determine best opposite node to split
+        for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
+            var cost = lengths[i] / dist(nodes[idxA], nodes[i]);
+            if (cost > best) {
+                idxB = i;
+                best = cost;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return idxB;
+    }
+
     function split(graph, wayA, newWayId) {
         var wayB = iD.Way({id: newWayId, tags: wayA.tags}),
             nodesA,
             nodesB,
-            isArea = wayA.isArea();
+            isArea = wayA.isArea(),
+            isOuter = iD.geo.isSimpleMultipolygonOuterMember(wayA, graph);
 
         if (wayA.isClosed()) {
             var nodes = wayA.nodes.slice(0, -1),
                 idxA = _.indexOf(nodes, nodeId),
-                idxB = idxA + Math.floor(nodes.length / 2);
+                idxB = splitArea(nodes, idxA, graph);
 
-            if (idxB >= nodes.length) {
-                idxB %= nodes.length;
+            if (idxB < idxA) {
                 nodesA = nodes.slice(idxA).concat(nodes.slice(0, idxB + 1));
                 nodesB = nodes.slice(idxB, idxA + 1);
             } else {
@@ -16934,24 +17659,23 @@ iD.actions.Split = function(nodeId, newWayIds) {
                     graph = graph.replace(relation);
                 }
             } else {
-                var role = relation.memberById(wayA.id).role,
-                    last = wayB.last(),
-                    i = relation.memberById(wayA.id).index,
-                    j;
-
-                for (j = 0; j < relation.members.length; j++) {
-                    var entity = graph.hasEntity(relation.members[j].id);
-                    if (entity && entity.type === 'way' && entity.contains(last)) {
-                        break;
-                    }
+                if (relation === isOuter) {
+                    graph = graph.replace(relation.mergeTags(wayA.tags));
+                    graph = graph.replace(wayA.update({tags: {}}));
+                    graph = graph.replace(wayB.update({tags: {}}));
                 }
 
-                relation = relation.addMember({id: wayB.id, type: 'way', role: role}, i <= j ? i + 1 : i);
-                graph = graph.replace(relation);
+                var member = {
+                    id: wayB.id,
+                    type: 'way',
+                    role: relation.memberById(wayA.id).role
+                };
+
+                graph = iD.actions.AddMember(relation.id, member)(graph);
             }
         });
 
-        if (isArea) {
+        if (!isOuter && isArea) {
             var multipolygon = iD.Relation({
                 tags: _.extend({}, wayA.tags, {type: 'multipolygon'}),
                 members: [
@@ -16977,12 +17701,16 @@ iD.actions.Split = function(nodeId, newWayIds) {
 
     action.ways = function(graph) {
         var node = graph.entity(nodeId),
-            parents = graph.parentWays(node);
+            parents = graph.parentWays(node),
+            hasLines = _.any(parents, function(parent) { return parent.geometry(graph) === 'line'; });
 
         return parents.filter(function(parent) {
             if (wayIds && wayIds.indexOf(parent.id) === -1)
                 return false;
 
+            if (!wayIds && hasLines && parent.geometry(graph) !== 'line')
+                return false;
+
             if (parent.isClosed()) {
                 return true;
             }
@@ -17011,6 +17739,80 @@ iD.actions.Split = function(nodeId, newWayIds) {
 
     return action;
 };
+/*
+ * Based on https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/net/systemeD/potlatch2/tools/Straighten.as
+ */
+
+iD.actions.Straighten = function(wayId, projection) {
+    function positionAlongWay(n, s, e) {
+        return ((n[0] - s[0]) * (e[0] - s[0]) + (n[1] - s[1]) * (e[1] - s[1]))/
+                (Math.pow(e[0] - s[0], 2) + Math.pow(e[1] - s[1], 2));
+    }
+
+    var action = function(graph) {
+        var way = graph.entity(wayId),
+            nodes = graph.childNodes(way),
+            points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); }),
+            startPoint = points[0],
+            endPoint = points[points.length-1],
+            toDelete = [],
+            i;
+
+        for (i = 1; i < points.length-1; i++) {
+            var node = nodes[i],
+                point = points[i];
+
+            if (graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 ||
+                graph.parentRelations(node).length ||
+                node.hasInterestingTags()) {
+
+                var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint),
+                    p0 = startPoint[0] + u * (endPoint[0] - startPoint[0]),
+                    p1 = startPoint[1] + u * (endPoint[1] - startPoint[1]);
+
+                graph = graph.replace(graph.entity(node.id)
+                    .move(projection.invert([p0, p1])));
+            } else {
+                // safe to delete
+                if (toDelete.indexOf(node) === -1) {
+                    toDelete.push(node);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (i = 0; i < toDelete.length; i++) {
+            graph = iD.actions.DeleteNode(toDelete[i].id)(graph);
+        }
+
+        return graph;
+    };
+    
+    action.disabled = function(graph) {
+        // check way isn't too bendy
+        var way = graph.entity(wayId),
+            nodes = graph.childNodes(way),
+            points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); }),
+            startPoint = points[0],
+            endPoint = points[points.length-1],
+            threshold = 0.2 * Math.sqrt(Math.pow(startPoint[0] - endPoint[0], 2) + Math.pow(startPoint[1] - endPoint[1], 2)),
+            i;
+
+        for (i = 1; i < points.length-1; i++) {
+            var point = points[i],
+                u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint),
+                p0 = startPoint[0] + u * (endPoint[0] - startPoint[0]),
+                p1 = startPoint[1] + u * (endPoint[1] - startPoint[1]),
+                dist = Math.sqrt(Math.pow(p0 - point[0], 2) + Math.pow(p1 - point[1], 2));
+
+            // to bendy if point is off by 20% of total start/end distance in projected space
+            if (dist > threshold) {
+                return 'too_bendy';
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    return action;
+};
 iD.behavior = {};
 iD.behavior.AddWay = function(context) {
     var event = d3.dispatch('start', 'startFromWay', 'startFromNode'),
@@ -17070,7 +17872,7 @@ iD.behavior.drag = function() {
       d3.event.preventDefault();
     }
 
-    var event = d3.dispatch("start", "move", "end"),
+    var event = d3.dispatch('start', 'move', 'end'),
         origin = null,
         selector = '',
         filter = null,
@@ -17078,10 +17880,10 @@ iD.behavior.drag = function() {
 
     event.of = function(thiz, argumentz) {
       return function(e1) {
+        var e0 = e1.sourceEvent = d3.event;
+        e1.target = drag;
+        d3.event = e1;
         try {
-          var e0 = e1.sourceEvent = d3.event;
-          e1.target = drag;
-          d3.event = e1;
           event[e1.type].apply(thiz, argumentz);
         } finally {
           d3.event = e0;
@@ -17089,7 +17891,7 @@ iD.behavior.drag = function() {
       };
     };
 
-    var d3_event_userSelectProperty = iD.util.prefixCSSProperty("UserSelect"),
+    var d3_event_userSelectProperty = iD.util.prefixCSSProperty('UserSelect'),
         d3_event_userSelectSuppress = d3_event_userSelectProperty ?
             function () {
                 var selection = d3.selection(),
@@ -17100,9 +17902,9 @@ iD.behavior.drag = function() {
                 };
             } :
             function (type) {
-                var w = d3.select(window).on("selectstart." + type, d3_eventCancel);
+                var w = d3.select(window).on('selectstart.' + type, d3_eventCancel);
                 return function () {
-                    w.on("selectstart." + type, null);
+                    w.on('selectstart.' + type, null);
                 };
             };
 
@@ -17113,12 +17915,12 @@ iD.behavior.drag = function() {
             touchId = d3.event.touches ? d3.event.changedTouches[0].identifier : null,
             offset,
             origin_ = point(),
-            moved = 0,
-            selectEnable = d3_event_userSelectSuppress(touchId != null ? "drag-" + touchId : "drag");
+            started = false,
+            selectEnable = d3_event_userSelectSuppress(touchId !== null ? 'drag-' + touchId : 'drag');
 
         var w = d3.select(window)
-            .on(touchId !== null ? "touchmove.drag-" + touchId : "mousemove.drag", dragmove)
-            .on(touchId !== null ? "touchend.drag-" + touchId : "mouseup.drag", dragend, true);
+            .on(touchId !== null ? 'touchmove.drag-' + touchId : 'mousemove.drag', dragmove)
+            .on(touchId !== null ? 'touchend.drag-' + touchId : 'mouseup.drag', dragend, true);
 
         if (origin) {
             offset = origin.apply(target, arguments);
@@ -17142,41 +17944,41 @@ iD.behavior.drag = function() {
                 dx = p[0] - origin_[0],
                 dy = p[1] - origin_[1];
 
-            if (!moved) {
+            if (!started) {
+                started = true;
                 event_({
-                    type: "start"
+                    type: 'start'
                 });
             }
 
-            moved |= dx | dy;
             origin_ = p;
             d3_eventCancel();
 
             event_({
-                type: "move",
+                type: 'move',
                 point: [p[0] + offset[0],  p[1] + offset[1]],
                 delta: [dx, dy]
             });
         }
 
         function dragend() {
-            if (moved) {
+            if (started) {
                 event_({
-                    type: "end"
+                    type: 'end'
                 });
 
                 d3_eventCancel();
-                if (d3.event.target === eventTarget) w.on("click.drag", click, true);
+                if (d3.event.target === eventTarget) w.on('click.drag', click, true);
             }
 
-            w.on(touchId !== null ? "touchmove.drag-" + touchId : "mousemove.drag", null)
-                .on(touchId !== null ? "touchend.drag-" + touchId : "mouseup.drag", null);
+            w.on(touchId !== null ? 'touchmove.drag-' + touchId : 'mousemove.drag', null)
+                .on(touchId !== null ? 'touchend.drag-' + touchId : 'mouseup.drag', null);
             selectEnable();
         }
 
         function click() {
             d3_eventCancel();
-            w.on("click.drag", null);
+            w.on('click.drag', null);
         }
     }
 
@@ -17197,13 +17999,13 @@ iD.behavior.drag = function() {
             };
         }
 
-        selection.on("mousedown.drag" + selector, delegate)
-            .on("touchstart.drag" + selector, delegate);
+        selection.on('mousedown.drag' + selector, delegate)
+            .on('touchstart.drag' + selector, delegate);
     }
 
     drag.off = function(selection) {
-        selection.on("mousedown.drag" + selector, null)
-            .on("touchstart.drag" + selector, null);
+        selection.on('mousedown.drag' + selector, null)
+            .on('touchstart.drag' + selector, null);
     };
 
     drag.delegate = function(_) {
@@ -17226,8 +18028,8 @@ iD.behavior.drag = function() {
 
     drag.cancel = function() {
         d3.select(window)
-            .on("mousemove.drag", null)
-            .on("mouseup.drag", null);
+            .on('mousemove.drag', null)
+            .on('mouseup.drag', null);
         return drag;
     };
 
@@ -17244,7 +18046,7 @@ iD.behavior.drag = function() {
         return drag;
     };
 
-    return d3.rebind(drag, event, "on");
+    return d3.rebind(drag, event, 'on');
 };
 iD.behavior.Draw = function(context) {
     var event = d3.dispatch('move', 'click', 'clickWay',
@@ -17272,8 +18074,7 @@ iD.behavior.Draw = function(context) {
             })[0] : d3.mouse(p);
         }
 
-        var eventTarget = d3.event.target,
-            element = d3.select(this),
+        var element = d3.select(this),
             touchId = d3.event.touches ? d3.event.changedTouches[0].identifier : null,
             time = +new Date(),
             pos = point();
@@ -17282,8 +18083,8 @@ iD.behavior.Draw = function(context) {
 
         d3.select(window).on('mouseup.draw', function() {
             element.on('mousemove.draw', mousemove);
-            if (iD.geo.dist(pos, point()) < closeTolerance ||
-                (iD.geo.dist(pos, point()) < tolerance &&
+            if (iD.geo.euclideanDistance(pos, point()) < closeTolerance ||
+                (iD.geo.euclideanDistance(pos, point()) < tolerance &&
                 (+new Date() - time) < 500)) {
 
                 // Prevent a quick second click
@@ -17515,12 +18316,13 @@ iD.behavior.DrawWay = function(context, wayId, index, mode, baseGraph) {
 
     // Connect the way to an existing way.
     drawWay.addWay = function(loc, edge) {
+        var previousEdge = startIndex ?
+            [way.nodes[startIndex], way.nodes[startIndex - 1]] :
+            [way.nodes[0], way.nodes[1]];
 
         // Avoid creating duplicate segments
-        if (!isArea) {
-            if (edge[0] === way.nodes[way.nodes.length - 1] ||
-                edge[1] === way.nodes[way.nodes.length - 1]) return;
-        }
+        if (!isArea && iD.geo.edgeEqual(edge, previousEdge))
+            return;
 
         var newNode = iD.Node({ loc: loc });
 
@@ -17607,7 +18409,7 @@ iD.behavior.Hash = function(context) {
 
     var parser = function(map, s) {
         var q = iD.util.stringQs(s);
-        var args = (q.map || '').split("/").map(Number);
+        var args = (q.map || '').split('/').map(Number);
         if (args.length < 3 || args.some(isNaN)) {
             return true; // replace bogus hash
         } else if (s !== formatter(map).slice(1)) {
@@ -17662,7 +18464,7 @@ iD.behavior.Hash = function(context) {
         d3.select(window)
             .on('hashchange.hash', null);
 
-        location.hash = "";
+        location.hash = '';
     };
 
     return hash;
@@ -17676,7 +18478,7 @@ iD.behavior.Hash = function(context) {
    Only one of these elements can have the :hover pseudo-class, but all of them will
    have the .hover class.
  */
-iD.behavior.Hover = function(context) {
+iD.behavior.Hover = function() {
     var dispatch = d3.dispatch('hover'),
         selection,
         altDisables,
@@ -17750,7 +18552,7 @@ iD.behavior.Hover = function(context) {
         function mousedown() {
             down = true;
             d3.select(window)
-                .on('mouseup.hover', mouseup)
+                .on('mouseup.hover', mouseup);
         }
 
         function mouseup() {
@@ -17783,7 +18585,7 @@ iD.behavior.Hover = function(context) {
         d3.select(window)
             .on('keydown.hover', null)
             .on('keyup.hover', null)
-            .on('mouseup.hover', null)
+            .on('mouseup.hover', null);
     };
 
     hover.altDisables = function(_) {
@@ -17931,25 +18733,25 @@ iD.behavior.Tail = function() {
     var text,
         container,
         xmargin = 25,
-        tooltip_size = [0, 0],
-        selection_size = [0, 0],
+        tooltipSize = [0, 0],
+        selectionSize = [0, 0],
         transformProp = iD.util.prefixCSSProperty('Transform');
 
     function tail(selection) {
         if (!text) return;
 
         d3.select(window)
-            .on('resize.tail', function() { selection_size = selection.dimensions(); });
+            .on('resize.tail', function() { selectionSize = selection.dimensions(); });
 
         function show() {
             container.style('display', 'block');
-            tooltip_size = container.dimensions();
+            tooltipSize = container.dimensions();
         }
 
         function mousemove() {
             if (container.style('display') === 'none') show();
-            var xoffset = ((d3.event.clientX + tooltip_size[0] + xmargin) > selection_size[0]) ?
-                -tooltip_size[0] - xmargin : xmargin;
+            var xoffset = ((d3.event.clientX + tooltipSize[0] + xmargin) > selectionSize[0]) ?
+                -tooltipSize[0] - xmargin : xmargin;
             container.classed('left', xoffset > 0);
             container.style(transformProp, 'translate(' +
                 (~~d3.event.clientX + xoffset) + 'px,' +
@@ -17984,8 +18786,8 @@ iD.behavior.Tail = function() {
         container
             .on('mousemove.tail', mousemove);
 
-        tooltip_size = container.dimensions();
-        selection_size = selection.dimensions();
+        tooltipSize = container.dimensions();
+        selectionSize = selection.dimensions();
     }
 
     tail.off = function(selection) {
@@ -18105,7 +18907,7 @@ iD.modes.AddLine = function(context) {
             iD.actions.AddEntity(way),
             iD.actions.AddVertex(way.id, node.id));
 
-        context.enter(iD.modes.DrawLine(context, way.id, 'forward', graph));
+        context.enter(iD.modes.DrawLine(context, way.id, graph));
     }
 
     function startFromWay(loc, edge) {
@@ -18119,29 +18921,17 @@ iD.modes.AddLine = function(context) {
             iD.actions.AddVertex(way.id, node.id),
             iD.actions.AddMidpoint({ loc: loc, edge: edge }, node));
 
-        context.enter(iD.modes.DrawLine(context, way.id, 'forward', graph));
+        context.enter(iD.modes.DrawLine(context, way.id, graph));
     }
 
     function startFromNode(node) {
-        var graph = context.graph(),
-            parent = graph.parentWays(node)[0],
-            isLine = parent && parent.geometry(graph) === 'line';
-
-        if (isLine && parent.first() === node.id) {
-            context.enter(iD.modes.DrawLine(context, parent.id, 'backward', graph));
+        var way = iD.Way();
 
-        } else if (isLine && parent.last() === node.id) {
-            context.enter(iD.modes.DrawLine(context, parent.id, 'forward', graph));
-
-        } else {
-            var way = iD.Way();
-
-            context.perform(
-                iD.actions.AddEntity(way),
-                iD.actions.AddVertex(way.id, node.id));
+        context.perform(
+            iD.actions.AddEntity(way),
+            iD.actions.AddVertex(way.id, node.id));
 
-            context.enter(iD.modes.DrawLine(context, way.id, 'forward', graph));
-        }
+        context.enter(iD.modes.DrawLine(context, way.id, context.graph()));
     }
 
     mode.enter = function() {
@@ -18184,7 +18974,7 @@ iD.modes.AddPoint = function(context) {
                 .newFeature(true));
     }
 
-    function addWay(loc, edge) {
+    function addWay(loc) {
         add(loc);
     }
 
@@ -18223,14 +19013,12 @@ iD.modes.Browse = function(context) {
         iD.modes.DragNode(context).behavior];
 
     mode.enter = function() {
-        context.history().save();
-
         behaviors.forEach(function(behavior) {
             context.install(behavior);
         });
 
         // Get focus on the body.
-        if (document.activeElement) {
+        if (document.activeElement && document.activeElement.blur) {
             document.activeElement.blur();
         }
 
@@ -18300,8 +19088,8 @@ iD.modes.DragNode = function(context) {
         return t('operations.move.annotation.' + entity.geometry(context.graph()));
     }
 
-    function connectAnnotation(datum) {
-        return t('operations.connect.annotation.' + datum.geometry(context.graph()));
+    function connectAnnotation(entity) {
+        return t('operations.connect.annotation.' + entity.geometry(context.graph()));
     }
 
     function origin(entity) {
@@ -18364,13 +19152,13 @@ iD.modes.DragNode = function(context) {
         var d = datum();
         if (d.type === 'node' && d.id !== entity.id) {
             loc = d.loc;
-        } else if (d.type === 'way') {
+        } else if (d.type === 'way' && !d3.select(d3.event.sourceEvent.target).classed('fill')) {
             loc = iD.geo.chooseEdge(context.childNodes(d), context.mouse(), context.projection).loc;
         }
 
         context.replace(
             iD.actions.MoveNode(entity.id, loc),
-            t('operations.move.annotation.' + entity.geometry(context.graph())));
+            moveAnnotation(entity));
     }
 
     function end(entity) {
@@ -18424,7 +19212,7 @@ iD.modes.DragNode = function(context) {
     }
 
     var behavior = iD.behavior.drag()
-        .delegate("g.node, g.point, g.midpoint")
+        .delegate('g.node, g.point, g.midpoint')
         .surface(context.surface().node())
         .origin(origin)
         .on('start', start)
@@ -18510,7 +19298,7 @@ iD.modes.DrawArea = function(context, wayId, baseGraph) {
 
     return mode;
 };
-iD.modes.DrawLine = function(context, wayId, direction, baseGraph) {
+iD.modes.DrawLine = function(context, wayId, baseGraph, affix) {
     var mode = {
         button: 'line',
         id: 'draw-line'
@@ -18520,8 +19308,8 @@ iD.modes.DrawLine = function(context, wayId, direction, baseGraph) {
 
     mode.enter = function() {
         var way = context.entity(wayId),
-            index = (direction === 'forward') ? undefined : 0,
-            headId = (direction === 'forward') ? way.last() : way.first();
+            index = (affix === 'prefix') ? 0 : undefined,
+            headId = (affix === 'prefix') ? way.first() : way.last();
 
         behavior = iD.behavior.DrawWay(context, wayId, index, mode, baseGraph)
             .tail(t('modes.draw_line.tail'));
@@ -18556,81 +19344,82 @@ iD.modes.Move = function(context, entityIDs) {
     };
 
     var keybinding = d3.keybinding('move'),
-        edit = iD.behavior.Edit(context);
-
-    mode.enter = function() {
-        context.install(edit);
+        edit = iD.behavior.Edit(context),
+        annotation = entityIDs.length === 1 ?
+            t('operations.move.annotation.' + context.geometry(entityIDs[0])) :
+            t('operations.move.annotation.multiple'),
+        origin,
+        nudgeInterval;
 
-        var origin,
-            nudgeInterval,
-            annotation = entityIDs.length === 1 ?
-                t('operations.move.annotation.' + context.geometry(entityIDs[0])) :
-                t('operations.move.annotation.multiple');
+    function edge(point, size) {
+        var pad = [30, 100, 30, 100];
+        if (point[0] > size[0] - pad[0]) return [-10, 0];
+        else if (point[0] < pad[2]) return [10, 0];
+        else if (point[1] > size[1] - pad[1]) return [0, -10];
+        else if (point[1] < pad[3]) return [0, 10];
+        return null;
+    }
 
-        context.perform(
-            iD.actions.Noop(),
-            annotation);
+    function startNudge(nudge) {
+        if (nudgeInterval) window.clearInterval(nudgeInterval);
+        nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function() {
+            context.pan(nudge);
+            context.replace(
+                iD.actions.Move(entityIDs, [-nudge[0], -nudge[1]], context.projection),
+                annotation);
+            var c = context.projection(origin);
+            origin = context.projection.invert([c[0] - nudge[0], c[1] - nudge[1]]);
+        }, 50);
+    }
 
-        function edge(point, size) {
-            var pad = [30, 100, 30, 100];
-            if (point[0] > size[0] - pad[0]) return [-10, 0];
-            else if (point[0] < pad[2]) return [10, 0];
-            else if (point[1] > size[1] - pad[1]) return [0, -10];
-            else if (point[1] < pad[3]) return [0, 10];
-            return null;
-        }
+    function stopNudge() {
+        if (nudgeInterval) window.clearInterval(nudgeInterval);
+        nudgeInterval = null;
+    }
 
-        function startNudge(nudge) {
-            if (nudgeInterval) window.clearInterval(nudgeInterval);
-            nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function() {
-                context.pan(nudge);
-                context.replace(
-                    iD.actions.Move(entityIDs, [-nudge[0], -nudge[1]], context.projection),
-                    annotation);
-                var c = context.projection(origin);
-                origin = context.projection.invert([c[0] - nudge[0], c[1] - nudge[1]]);
-            }, 50);
-        }
+    function move() {
+        var p = context.mouse();
 
-        function stopNudge() {
-            if (nudgeInterval) window.clearInterval(nudgeInterval);
-            nudgeInterval = null;
-        }
+        var delta = origin ?
+            [p[0] - context.projection(origin)[0],
+                p[1] - context.projection(origin)[1]] :
+            [0, 0];
 
-        function move() {
-            var p = context.mouse();
+        var nudge = edge(p, context.map().dimensions());
+        if (nudge) startNudge(nudge);
+        else stopNudge();
 
-            var delta = origin ?
-                [p[0] - context.projection(origin)[0],
-                p[1] - context.projection(origin)[1]] :
-                [0, 0];
+        origin = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
 
-            var nudge = edge(p, context.map().dimensions());
-            if (nudge) startNudge(nudge);
-            else stopNudge();
+        context.replace(
+            iD.actions.Move(entityIDs, delta, context.projection),
+            annotation);
+    }
 
-            origin = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
+    function finish() {
+        d3.event.stopPropagation();
+        context.enter(iD.modes.Select(context, entityIDs)
+            .suppressMenu(true));
+        stopNudge();
+    }
 
-            context.replace(
-                iD.actions.Move(entityIDs, delta, context.projection),
-                annotation);
-        }
+    function cancel() {
+        context.pop();
+        context.enter(iD.modes.Select(context, entityIDs)
+            .suppressMenu(true));
+        stopNudge();
+    }
 
-        function finish() {
-            d3.event.stopPropagation();
-            context.enter(iD.modes.Select(context, entityIDs));
-            stopNudge();
-        }
+    function undone() {
+        context.enter(iD.modes.Browse(context));
+    }
 
-        function cancel() {
-            context.pop();
-            context.enter(iD.modes.Select(context, entityIDs));
-            stopNudge();
-        }
+    mode.enter = function() {
+        context.install(edit);
 
-        function undone() {
-            context.enter(iD.modes.Browse(context));
-        }
+        context.perform(
+            iD.actions.Noop(),
+            annotation);
 
         context.surface()
             .on('mousemove.move', move)
@@ -18648,6 +19437,8 @@ iD.modes.Move = function(context, entityIDs) {
     };
 
     mode.exit = function() {
+        stopNudge();
+
         context.uninstall(edit);
 
         context.surface()
@@ -18701,12 +19492,14 @@ iD.modes.RotateWay = function(context, wayId) {
 
         function finish() {
             d3.event.stopPropagation();
-            context.enter(iD.modes.Select(context, [wayId]));
+            context.enter(iD.modes.Select(context, [wayId])
+                .suppressMenu(true));
         }
 
         function cancel() {
             context.pop();
-            context.enter(iD.modes.Select(context, [wayId]));
+            context.enter(iD.modes.Select(context, [wayId])
+                .suppressMenu(true));
         }
 
         function undone() {
@@ -18746,18 +19539,12 @@ iD.modes.RotateWay = function(context, wayId) {
 iD.modes.Save = function(context) {
     var ui = iD.ui.Commit(context)
         .on('cancel', cancel)
-        .on('fix', fix)
         .on('save', save);
 
     function cancel() {
         context.enter(iD.modes.Browse(context));
     }
 
-    function fix(d) {
-        context.map().zoomTo(d.entity);
-        context.enter(iD.modes.Select(context, [d.entity.id]));
-    }
-
     function save(e) {
         var loading = iD.ui.Loading(context)
             .message(t('save.uploading'))
@@ -18816,7 +19603,7 @@ iD.modes.Save = function(context) {
             context.install(behavior);
         });
 
-        context.connection().authenticate(function(err) {
+        context.connection().authenticate(function() {
             context.ui().sidebar.show(ui);
         });
     };
@@ -18903,8 +19690,6 @@ iD.modes.Select = function(context, selectedIDs) {
     };
 
     mode.enter = function() {
-        context.history().save();
-
         behaviors.forEach(function(behavior) {
             context.install(behavior);
         });
@@ -19006,6 +19791,11 @@ iD.modes.Select = function(context, selectedIDs) {
             context.surface()
                 .on('dblclick.select', dblclick);
         }, 200);
+
+        if (selectedIDs.length > 1) {
+            var entities = iD.ui.SelectionList(context, selectedIDs);
+            context.ui().sidebar.show(entities);
+        }
     };
 
     mode.exit = function() {
@@ -19029,10 +19819,11 @@ iD.modes.Select = function(context, selectedIDs) {
         context.surface()
             .call(radialMenu.close)
             .on('dblclick.select', null)
-            .selectAll(".selected")
+            .selectAll('.selected')
             .classed('selected', false);
 
         context.map().on('drawn.select', null);
+        context.ui().sidebar.hide();
     };
 
     return mode;
@@ -19064,12 +19855,61 @@ iD.operations.Circularize = function(selectedIDs, context) {
             t('operations.circularize.description.' + geometry);
     };
 
-    operation.id = "circularize";
+    operation.id = 'circularize';
     operation.keys = [t('operations.circularize.key')];
     operation.title = t('operations.circularize.title');
 
     return operation;
 };
+iD.operations.Continue = function(selectedIDs, context) {
+    var graph = context.graph(),
+        entities = selectedIDs.map(function(id) { return graph.entity(id); }),
+        geometries = _.extend({line: [], vertex: []},
+            _.groupBy(entities, function(entity) { return entity.geometry(graph); })),
+        vertex = geometries.vertex[0];
+
+    function candidateWays() {
+        return graph.parentWays(vertex).filter(function(parent) {
+            return parent.geometry(graph) === 'line' &&
+                parent.affix(vertex.id) &&
+                (geometries.line.length === 0 || geometries.line[0] === parent);
+        });
+    }
+
+    var operation = function() {
+        var candidate = candidateWays()[0];
+        context.enter(iD.modes.DrawLine(
+            context,
+            candidate.id,
+            context.graph(),
+            candidate.affix(vertex.id)));
+    };
+
+    operation.available = function() {
+        return geometries.vertex.length === 1 && geometries.line.length <= 1;
+    };
+
+    operation.disabled = function() {
+        var candidates = candidateWays();
+        if (candidates.length === 0)
+            return 'not_eligible';
+        if (candidates.length > 1)
+            return 'multiple';
+    };
+
+    operation.tooltip = function() {
+        var disable = operation.disabled();
+        return disable ?
+            t('operations.continue.' + disable) :
+            t('operations.continue.description');
+    };
+
+    operation.id = 'continue';
+    operation.keys = [t('operations.continue.key')];
+    operation.title = t('operations.continue.title');
+
+    return operation;
+};
 iD.operations.Delete = function(selectedIDs, context) {
     var action = iD.actions.DeleteMultiple(selectedIDs);
 
@@ -19099,8 +19939,8 @@ iD.operations.Delete = function(selectedIDs, context) {
                 } else if (i === nodes.length - 1) {
                     i--;
                 } else {
-                    var a = iD.geo.dist(entity.loc, context.entity(nodes[i - 1]).loc),
-                        b = iD.geo.dist(entity.loc, context.entity(nodes[i + 1]).loc);
+                    var a = iD.geo.sphericalDistance(entity.loc, context.entity(nodes[i - 1]).loc),
+                        b = iD.geo.sphericalDistance(entity.loc, context.entity(nodes[i + 1]).loc);
                     i = a < b ? i - 1 : i + 1;
                 }
 
@@ -19134,7 +19974,7 @@ iD.operations.Delete = function(selectedIDs, context) {
             t('operations.delete.description');
     };
 
-    operation.id = "delete";
+    operation.id = 'delete';
     operation.keys = [iD.ui.cmd('⌘⌫'), iD.ui.cmd('⌘⌦')];
     operation.title = t('operations.delete.title');
 
@@ -19171,7 +20011,7 @@ iD.operations.Disconnect = function(selectedIDs, context) {
             t('operations.disconnect.description');
     };
 
-    operation.id = "disconnect";
+    operation.id = 'disconnect';
     operation.keys = [t('operations.disconnect.key')];
     operation.title = t('operations.disconnect.title');
 
@@ -19223,7 +20063,7 @@ iD.operations.Merge = function(selectedIDs, context) {
         return t('operations.merge.description');
     };
 
-    operation.id = "merge";
+    operation.id = 'merge';
     operation.keys = [t('operations.merge.key')];
     operation.title = t('operations.merge.title');
 
@@ -19251,7 +20091,7 @@ iD.operations.Move = function(selectedIDs, context) {
             t('operations.move.description');
     };
 
-    operation.id = "move";
+    operation.id = 'move';
     operation.keys = [t('operations.move.key')];
     operation.title = t('operations.move.title');
 
@@ -19259,17 +20099,20 @@ iD.operations.Move = function(selectedIDs, context) {
 };
 iD.operations.Orthogonalize = function(selectedIDs, context) {
     var entityId = selectedIDs[0],
+        geometry = context.geometry(entityId),
         action = iD.actions.Orthogonalize(entityId, context.projection);
 
-    var operation = function() {
-        var annotation = t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.' + context.geometry(entityId));
+    function operation() {
+        var annotation = t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.' + geometry);
         context.perform(action, annotation);
-    };
+    }
 
     operation.available = function() {
+        var entity = context.entity(entityId);
         return selectedIDs.length === 1 &&
-            context.entity(entityId).type === 'way' &&
-            _.uniq(context.entity(entityId).nodes).length > 2;
+            entity.type === 'way' &&
+            entity.isClosed() &&
+            _.uniq(entity.nodes).length > 2;
     };
 
     operation.disabled = function() {
@@ -19280,13 +20123,12 @@ iD.operations.Orthogonalize = function(selectedIDs, context) {
         var disable = operation.disabled();
         return disable ?
             t('operations.orthogonalize.' + disable) :
-            t('operations.orthogonalize.description');
+            t('operations.orthogonalize.description.' + geometry);
     };
 
-    operation.id = "orthogonalize";
+    operation.id = 'orthogonalize';
     operation.keys = [t('operations.orthogonalize.key')];
     operation.title = t('operations.orthogonalize.title');
-    operation.description = t('operations.orthogonalize.description');
 
     return operation;
 };
@@ -19312,7 +20154,7 @@ iD.operations.Reverse = function(selectedIDs, context) {
         return t('operations.reverse.description');
     };
 
-    operation.id = "reverse";
+    operation.id = 'reverse';
     operation.keys = [t('operations.reverse.key')];
     operation.title = t('operations.reverse.title');
 
@@ -19339,7 +20181,7 @@ iD.operations.Rotate = function(selectedIDs, context) {
         return t('operations.rotate.description');
     };
 
-    operation.id = "rotate";
+    operation.id = 'rotate';
     operation.keys = [t('operations.rotate.key')];
     operation.title = t('operations.rotate.title');
 
@@ -19393,12 +20235,46 @@ iD.operations.Split = function(selectedIDs, context) {
         }
     };
 
-    operation.id = "split";
+    operation.id = 'split';
     operation.keys = [t('operations.split.key')];
     operation.title = t('operations.split.title');
 
     return operation;
 };
+iD.operations.Straighten = function(selectedIDs, context) {
+    var entityId = selectedIDs[0],
+        action = iD.actions.Straighten(entityId, context.projection);
+
+    function operation() {
+        var annotation = t('operations.straighten.annotation');
+        context.perform(action, annotation);
+    }
+
+    operation.available = function() {
+        var entity = context.entity(entityId);
+        return selectedIDs.length === 1 &&
+            entity.type === 'way' &&
+            !entity.isClosed() &&
+            _.uniq(entity.nodes).length > 2;
+    };
+
+    operation.disabled = function() {
+        return action.disabled(context.graph());
+    };
+
+    operation.tooltip = function() {
+        var disable = operation.disabled();
+        return disable ?
+            t('operations.straighten.' + disable) :
+            t('operations.straighten.description');
+    };
+
+    operation.id = 'straighten';
+    operation.keys = [t('operations.straighten.key')];
+    operation.title = t('operations.straighten.title');
+
+    return operation;
+};
 iD.Connection = function() {
 
     var event = d3.dispatch('authenticating', 'authenticated', 'auth', 'loading', 'load', 'loaded'),
@@ -19435,7 +20311,7 @@ iD.Connection = function() {
     };
 
     connection.userURL = function(username) {
-        return url + "/user/" + username;
+        return url + '/user/' + username;
     };
 
     connection.loadFromURL = function(url, callback) {
@@ -19716,7 +20592,7 @@ iD.Connection = function() {
                     extent: iD.geo.Extent(
                         projection.invert([x, y + ts]),
                         projection.invert([x + ts, y]))
-                }
+                };
             });
 
         function bboxUrl(tile) {
@@ -19884,7 +20760,6 @@ iD.Difference = function(base, head) {
     };
 
     difference.addParents = function(entities) {
-
         for (var i in entities) {
             addParents(head.parentWays(entities[i]), entities);
             addParents(head.parentRelations(entities[i]), entities);
@@ -19892,6 +20767,55 @@ iD.Difference = function(base, head) {
         return entities;
     };
 
+    difference.summary = function() {
+        var relevant = {};
+
+        function addEntity(entity, graph, changeType) {
+            relevant[entity.id] = {
+                entity: entity,
+                graph: graph,
+                changeType: changeType
+            };
+        }
+
+        function addParents(entity) {
+            var parents = head.parentWays(entity);
+            for (var j = parents.length - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+                var parent = parents[j];
+                if (!(parent.id in relevant)) addEntity(parent, head, 'modified');
+            }
+        }
+
+        _.each(changes, function(change) {
+            if (change.head && change.head.geometry(head) !== 'vertex') {
+                addEntity(change.head, head, change.base ? 'modified' : 'created');
+
+            } else if (change.base && change.base.geometry(base) !== 'vertex') {
+                addEntity(change.base, base, 'deleted');
+
+            } else if (change.base && change.head) { // modified vertex
+                var moved    = !_.isEqual(change.base.loc,  change.head.loc),
+                    retagged = !_.isEqual(change.base.tags, change.head.tags);
+
+                if (moved) {
+                    addParents(change.head);
+                }
+
+                if (retagged || (moved && change.head.hasInterestingTags())) {
+                    addEntity(change.head, head, 'modified');
+                }
+
+            } else if (change.head && change.head.hasInterestingTags()) { // created vertex
+                addEntity(change.head, head, 'created');
+
+            } else if (change.base && change.base.hasInterestingTags()) { // deleted vertex
+                addEntity(change.base, base, 'deleted');
+            }
+        });
+
+        return d3.values(relevant);
+    };
+
     difference.complete = function(extent) {
         var result = {}, id, change;
 
@@ -19972,11 +20896,6 @@ iD.Entity.key = function(entity) {
     return entity.id + 'v' + (entity.v || 0);
 };
 
-iD.Entity.areaPath = d3.geo.path()
-    .projection(d3.geo.mercator()
-        .scale(12016420.517592335)
-        .precision(0));
-
 iD.Entity.prototype = {
     tags: {},
 
@@ -20043,21 +20962,18 @@ iD.Entity.prototype = {
             resolver.parentRelations(this).length > 0;
     },
 
-    // Returns the (possibly negative) area of the entity in square pixels at an
-    // arbitrary unspecified zoom level -- so basically, only useful for relative
-    // comparisons.
     area: function(resolver) {
         return resolver.transient(this, 'area', function() {
-            return iD.Entity.areaPath.area(this.asGeoJSON(resolver, true));
+            return d3.geo.area(this.asGeoJSON(resolver, true));
         });
     },
 
     hasInterestingTags: function() {
         return _.keys(this.tags).some(function(key) {
-            return key != 'attribution' &&
-                key != 'created_by' &&
-                key != 'source' &&
-                key != 'odbl' &&
+            return key !== 'attribution' &&
+                key !== 'created_by' &&
+                key !== 'source' &&
+                key !== 'odbl' &&
                 key.indexOf('tiger:') !== 0;
         });
     },
@@ -20069,8 +20985,8 @@ iD.Entity.prototype = {
         iD.data.deprecated.forEach(function(d) {
             var match = _.pairs(d.old)[0];
             tags.forEach(function(t) {
-                if (t[0] == match[0] &&
-                    (t[1] == match[1] || match[1] == '*')) {
+                if (t[0] === match[0] &&
+                    (t[1] === match[1] || match[1] === '*')) {
                     deprecated[t[0]] = t[1];
                 }
             });
@@ -20261,7 +21177,6 @@ iD.Graph.prototype = {
                 ways.push(entity.id);
                 parentWays[added[i]] = ways;
             }
-        } else if (type === 'node') {
 
         } else if (type === 'relation') {
 
@@ -20359,7 +21274,7 @@ iD.History = function(context) {
     var stack, index, tree,
         imageryUsed = ['Bing'],
         dispatch = d3.dispatch('change', 'undone', 'redone'),
-        lock = false;
+        lock = iD.util.SessionMutex('lock');
 
     function perform(actions) {
         actions = Array.prototype.slice.call(actions);
@@ -20515,10 +21430,6 @@ iD.History = function(context) {
             return this.difference().length() > 0;
         },
 
-        numChanges: function() {
-            return this.difference().length();
-        },
-
         imageryUsed: function(sources) {
             if (sources) {
                 imageryUsed = sources;
@@ -20594,14 +21505,18 @@ iD.History = function(context) {
                 stack = h.stack.map(function(d) {
                     var entities = {}, entity;
 
-                    d.modified && d.modified.forEach(function(key) {
-                        entity = allEntities[key];
-                        entities[entity.id] = entity;
-                    });
+                    if (d.modified) {
+                        d.modified.forEach(function(key) {
+                            entity = allEntities[key];
+                            entities[entity.id] = entity;
+                        });
+                    }
 
-                    d.deleted && d.deleted.forEach(function(id) {
-                        entities[id] = undefined;
-                    });
+                    if (d.deleted) {
+                        d.deleted.forEach(function(id) {
+                            entities[id] = undefined;
+                        });
+                    }
 
                     return {
                         graph: iD.Graph(stack[0].graph).load(entities),
@@ -20630,39 +21545,37 @@ iD.History = function(context) {
         },
 
         save: function() {
-            if (!lock) return history;
-            context.storage(getKey('lock'), null);
-            context.storage(getKey('saved_history'), this.toJSON() || null);
+            if (lock.locked()) context.storage(getKey('saved_history'), history.toJSON() || null);
             return history;
         },
 
         clearSaved: function() {
-            if (!lock) return;
-            context.storage(getKey('saved_history'), null);
+            if (lock.locked()) context.storage(getKey('saved_history'), null);
+            return history;
         },
 
         lock: function() {
-            if (context.storage(getKey('lock'))) return false;
-            context.storage(getKey('lock'), true);
-            lock = true;
-            return lock;
+            return lock.lock();
+        },
+
+        unlock: function() {
+            lock.unlock();
         },
 
         // is iD not open in another window and it detects that
         // there's a history stored in localStorage that's recoverable?
         restorableChanges: function() {
-            return lock && !!context.storage(getKey('saved_history'));
+            return lock.locked() && !!context.storage(getKey('saved_history'));
         },
 
         // load history from a version stored in localStorage
         restore: function() {
-            if (!lock) return;
+            if (!lock.locked()) return;
 
             var json = context.storage(getKey('saved_history'));
-            if (json) this.fromJSON(json);
+            if (json) history.fromJSON(json);
 
             context.storage(getKey('saved_history', null));
-
         },
 
         _getKey: getKey
@@ -20684,7 +21597,7 @@ iD.Node = iD.Entity.node = function iD_Node() {
 iD.Node.prototype = Object.create(iD.Entity.prototype);
 
 _.extend(iD.Node.prototype, {
-    type: "node",
+    type: 'node',
 
     extent: function() {
         return new iD.geo.Extent(this.loc);
@@ -20730,12 +21643,8 @@ _.extend(iD.Node.prototype, {
 
     asGeoJSON: function() {
         return {
-            type: 'Feature',
-            properties: this.tags,
-            geometry: {
-                type: 'Point',
-                coordinates: this.loc
-            }
+            type: 'Point',
+            coordinates: this.loc
         };
     }
 });
@@ -20750,7 +21659,7 @@ iD.Relation = iD.Entity.relation = function iD_Relation() {
 iD.Relation.prototype = Object.create(iD.Entity.prototype);
 
 _.extend(iD.Relation.prototype, {
-    type: "relation",
+    type: 'relation',
     members: [],
 
     extent: function(resolver) {
@@ -20772,12 +21681,16 @@ _.extend(iD.Relation.prototype, {
         });
     },
 
+    isDegenerate: function() {
+        return this.members.length === 0;
+    },
+
     // Return an array of members, each extended with an 'index' property whose value
     // is the member index.
     indexedMembers: function() {
         var result = new Array(this.members.length);
         for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
-            result[i] = _.extend({}, this.members[i], {index: i})
+            result[i] = _.extend({}, this.members[i], {index: i});
         }
         return result;
     },
@@ -20875,24 +21788,22 @@ _.extend(iD.Relation.prototype, {
     },
 
     asGeoJSON: function(resolver) {
-        if (this.isMultipolygon()) {
-            return {
-                type: 'Feature',
-                properties: this.tags,
-                geometry: {
+        return resolver.transient(this, 'GeoJSON', function () {
+            if (this.isMultipolygon()) {
+                return {
                     type: 'MultiPolygon',
                     coordinates: this.multipolygon(resolver)
-                }
-            };
-        } else {
-            return {
-                type: 'FeatureCollection',
-                properties: this.tags,
-                features: this.members.map(function(member) {
-                    return _.extend({role: member.role}, resolver.entity(member.id).asGeoJSON(resolver));
-                })
-            };
-        }
+                };
+            } else {
+                return {
+                    type: 'FeatureCollection',
+                    properties: this.tags,
+                    features: this.members.map(function (member) {
+                        return _.extend({role: member.role}, resolver.entity(member.id).asGeoJSON(resolver));
+                    })
+                };
+            }
+        });
     },
 
     isMultipolygon: function() {
@@ -20932,7 +21843,11 @@ _.extend(iD.Relation.prototype, {
         outers = outers.map(function(outer) { return _.pluck(outer.nodes, 'loc'); });
         inners = inners.map(function(inner) { return _.pluck(inner.nodes, 'loc'); });
 
-        var result = outers.map(function(o) { return [o]; });
+        var result = outers.map(function(o) {
+            // Heuristic for detecting counterclockwise winding order. Assumes
+            // that OpenStreetMap polygons are not hemisphere-spanning.
+            return [d3.geo.area({type: 'Polygon', coordinates: [o]}) > 2 * Math.PI ? o.reverse() : o];
+        });
 
         function findOuter(inner) {
             var o, outer;
@@ -20951,6 +21866,12 @@ _.extend(iD.Relation.prototype, {
         }
 
         for (var i = 0; i < inners.length; i++) {
+            var inner = inners[i];
+
+            if (d3.geo.area({type: 'Polygon', coordinates: [inner]}) < 2 * Math.PI) {
+                inner = inner.reverse();
+            }
+
             var o = findOuter(inners[i]);
             if (o !== undefined)
                 result[o].push(inners[i]);
@@ -21085,7 +22006,7 @@ iD.Way = iD.Entity.way = function iD_Way() {
 iD.Way.prototype = Object.create(iD.Entity.prototype);
 
 _.extend(iD.Way.prototype, {
-    type: "way",
+    type: 'way',
     nodes: [],
 
     extent: function(resolver) {
@@ -21108,6 +22029,11 @@ _.extend(iD.Way.prototype, {
         return this.nodes.indexOf(node) >= 0;
     },
 
+    affix: function(node) {
+        if (this.nodes[0] === node) return 'prefix';
+        if (this.nodes[this.nodes.length - 1] === node) return 'suffix';
+    },
+
     isOneWay: function() {
         return this.tags.oneway === 'yes' ||
             this.tags.oneway === '1' ||
@@ -21182,13 +22108,13 @@ _.extend(iD.Way.prototype, {
 
         for (var i = 0; i < this.nodes.length; i++) {
             var node = this.nodes[i];
-            if (node != id && nodes[nodes.length - 1] != node) {
+            if (node !== id && nodes[nodes.length - 1] !== node) {
                 nodes.push(node);
             }
         }
 
         // Preserve circularity
-        if (this.nodes.length > 1 && this.first() === id && this.last() === id && nodes[nodes.length - 1] != nodes[0]) {
+        if (this.nodes.length > 1 && this.first() === id && this.last() === id && nodes[nodes.length - 1] !== nodes[0]) {
             nodes.push(nodes[0]);
         }
 
@@ -21213,31 +22139,33 @@ _.extend(iD.Way.prototype, {
     },
 
     asGeoJSON: function(resolver, polygon) {
-        var nodes = resolver.childNodes(this);
+        return resolver.transient(this, 'GeoJSON', function() {
+            var nodes = resolver.childNodes(this);
 
-        if (this.isArea() && polygon && nodes.length >= 4) {
-            if (!this.isClosed()) {
-                nodes = nodes.concat([nodes[0]]);
-            }
+            if (this.isArea() && polygon && nodes.length >= 4) {
+                if (!this.isClosed()) {
+                    nodes = nodes.concat([nodes[0]]);
+                }
 
-            return {
-                type: 'Feature',
-                properties: this.tags,
-                geometry: {
+                var json = {
                     type: 'Polygon',
                     coordinates: [_.pluck(nodes, 'loc')]
+                };
+
+                // Heuristic for detecting counterclockwise winding order. Assumes
+                // that OpenStreetMap polygons are not hemisphere-spanning.
+                if (d3.geo.area(json) > 2 * Math.PI) {
+                    json.coordinates[0] = json.coordinates[0].reverse();
                 }
-            };
-        } else {
-            return {
-                type: 'Feature',
-                properties: this.tags,
-                geometry: {
+
+                return json;
+            } else {
+                return {
                     type: 'LineString',
                     coordinates: _.pluck(nodes, 'loc')
-                }
-            };
-        }
+                };
+            }
+        });
     }
 });
 
@@ -21245,23 +22173,26 @@ _.extend(iD.Way.prototype, {
 // of the following keys, and the value is _not_ one of the associated
 // values for the respective key.
 iD.Way.areaKeys = {
+    aeroway: { taxiway: true},
+    amenity: {},
     area: {},
+    'area:highway': {},
     building: {},
-    leisure: {},
-    tourism: {},
-    ruins: {},
+    'building:part': {},
     historic: {},
     landuse: {},
+    leisure: {},
+    man_made: { cutline: true, embankment: true, pipeline: true},
     military: {},
     natural: { coastline: true },
-    amenity: {},
-    shop: {},
-    man_made: {},
-    public_transport: {},
+    office: {},
     place: {},
-    aeroway: {},
-    waterway: {},
-    power: {}
+    power: {},
+    public_transport: {},
+    ruins: {},
+    shop: {},
+    tourism: {},
+    waterway: {}
 };
 iD.Background = function(context) {
     var dispatch = d3.dispatch('change'),
@@ -21272,31 +22203,33 @@ iD.Background = function(context) {
         overlayLayers = [];
 
     var backgroundSources = iD.data.imagery.map(function(source) {
-        if (source.sourcetag === 'Bing') {
+        if (source.type === 'bing') {
             return iD.BackgroundSource.Bing(source, dispatch);
         } else {
             return iD.BackgroundSource(source);
         }
     });
 
-    function findSource(sourcetag) {
+    backgroundSources.unshift(iD.BackgroundSource.None());
+
+    function findSource(id) {
         return _.find(backgroundSources, function(d) {
-            return d.sourcetag && d.sourcetag === sourcetag;
+            return d.id && d.id === id;
         });
     }
 
     function updateImagery() {
         var b = background.baseLayerSource(),
-            o = overlayLayers.map(function (d) { return d.source().sourcetag; }).join(','),
+            o = overlayLayers.map(function (d) { return d.source().id; }).join(','),
             q = iD.util.stringQs(location.hash.substring(1));
 
-        var tag = b.sourcetag;
-        if (!tag && b.name === 'Custom') {
-            tag = 'custom:' + b.template;
+        var id = b.id;
+        if (!id && b.name === 'Custom') {
+            id = 'custom:' + b.template;
         }
 
-        if (tag) {
-            q.background = tag;
+        if (id) {
+            q.background = id;
         } else {
             delete q.background;
         }
@@ -21313,13 +22246,13 @@ iD.Background = function(context) {
         if (b.name === 'Custom') {
             imageryUsed.push('Custom (' + b.template + ')');
         } else {
-            imageryUsed.push(b.sourcetag || b.name);
+            imageryUsed.push(b.id || b.name);
         }
 
         overlayLayers.forEach(function (d) {
             var source = d.source();
             if (!source.isLocatorOverlay()) {
-                imageryUsed.push(source.sourcetag || source.name);
+                imageryUsed.push(source.id || source.name);
             }
         });
 
@@ -21348,7 +22281,7 @@ iD.Background = function(context) {
         gpx.call(gpxLayer);
 
         var overlays = selection.selectAll('.overlay-layer')
-            .data(overlayLayers, function(d) { return d.source().name });
+            .data(overlayLayers, function(d) { return d.source().name; });
 
         overlays.enter().insert('div', '.layer-data')
             .attr('class', 'layer-layer overlay-layer');
@@ -21387,7 +22320,7 @@ iD.Background = function(context) {
     };
 
     background.bing = function() {
-        background.baseLayerSource(findSource("Bing"));
+        background.baseLayerSource(findSource('Bing'));
     };
 
     background.hasGpxLayer = function() {
@@ -21398,6 +22331,23 @@ iD.Background = function(context) {
         return background.hasGpxLayer() && gpxLayer.enable();
     };
 
+    function toDom(x) {
+        return (new DOMParser()).parseFromString(x, 'text/xml');
+    }
+
+    background.gpxLayerFiles = function(fileList) {
+        var f = fileList[0],
+            reader = new FileReader();
+
+        reader.onload = function(e) {
+            gpxLayer.geojson(toGeoJSON.gpx(toDom(e.target.result)));
+            dispatch.change();
+            context.map().pan([0, 0]);
+        };
+
+        reader.readAsText(f);
+    };
+
     background.zoomToGpxLayer = function() {
         if (background.hasGpxLayer()) {
             context.map()
@@ -21416,6 +22366,10 @@ iD.Background = function(context) {
             overlayLayers.some(function(l) { return l.source() === d; });
     };
 
+    background.overlayLayerSources = function() {
+        return overlayLayers.map(function (l) { return l.source(); });
+    };
+
     background.toggleOverlayLayer = function(d) {
         var layer;
 
@@ -21461,7 +22415,7 @@ iD.Background = function(context) {
             name: 'Custom'
         }));
     } else {
-        background.baseLayerSource(findSource(chosen) || findSource("Bing"));
+        background.baseLayerSource(findSource(chosen) || findSource('Bing'));
     }
 
     var locator = _.find(backgroundSources, function(d) {
@@ -21499,35 +22453,22 @@ iD.BackgroundSource = function(data) {
     };
 
     source.url = function(coord) {
-        var u = '';
-        for (var zoom = coord[2]; zoom > 0; zoom--) {
-            var b = 0;
-            var mask = 1 << (zoom - 1);
-            if ((coord[0] & mask) !== 0) b++;
-            if ((coord[1] & mask) !== 0) b += 2;
-            u += b.toString();
-        }
-
         return data.template
-            .replace('{t}', data.subdomains ?
-                data.subdomains[(coord[0] + coord[1]) % data.subdomains.length] : '')
-            .replace('{u}', u)
             .replace('{x}', coord[0])
             .replace('{y}', coord[1])
             // TMS-flipped y coordinate
-            .replace('{ty}', Math.pow(2, coord[2]) - coord[1] - 1)
-            .replace('{z}', coord[2])
-            // JOSM style
-            .replace('{zoom}', coord[2])
-            .replace(/\{(switch\:[^\}]*)\}/, function(s, r) {
-                var subdomains = r.split(':')[1].split(',');
-                return subdomains[coord[2] % subdomains.length];
+            .replace(/\{[t-]y\}/, Math.pow(2, coord[2]) - coord[1] - 1)
+            .replace(/\{z(oom)?\}/, coord[2])
+            .replace(/\{switch:([^}]+)\}/, function(s, r) {
+                var subdomains = r.split(',');
+                return subdomains[(coord[0] + coord[1]) % subdomains.length];
             });
     };
 
     source.intersects = function(extent) {
-        return !data.extents || data.extents.some(function(ex) {
-            return iD.geo.Extent(ex).intersects(extent);
+        extent = extent.polygon();
+        return !data.polygon || data.polygon.some(function(polygon) {
+            return iD.geo.polygonIntersectsPolygon(polygon, extent);
         });
     };
 
@@ -21570,6 +22511,25 @@ iD.BackgroundSource.Bing = function(data, dispatch) {
         dispatch.change();
     });
 
+    var template = 'http://ecn.t{t}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/a{u}.jpeg?g=587&mkt=en-gb&n=z',
+        subdomains = [0, 1, 2, 3];
+
+    bing.url = function(coord) {
+        var u = '';
+
+        for (var zoom = coord[2]; zoom > 0; zoom--) {
+            var b = 0;
+            var mask = 1 << (zoom - 1);
+            if ((coord[0] & mask) !== 0) b++;
+            if ((coord[1] & mask) !== 0) b += 2;
+            u += b.toString();
+        }
+
+        return template
+            .replace('{t}', subdomains[(coord[0] + coord[1]) % 4])
+            .replace('{u}', u);
+    };
+
     bing.copyrightNotices = function(zoom, extent) {
         zoom = Math.min(zoom, 21);
         return providers.filter(function(provider) {
@@ -21583,9 +22543,16 @@ iD.BackgroundSource.Bing = function(data, dispatch) {
         }).join(', ');
     };
 
+    bing.logo = 'bing_maps.png';
+    bing.terms_url = 'http://opengeodata.org/microsoft-imagery-details';
+
     return bing;
 };
-iD.GpxLayer = function(context, dispatch) {
+
+iD.BackgroundSource.None = function() {
+    return iD.BackgroundSource({ name: t('background.none'), id: 'None', template: '' });
+};
+iD.GpxLayer = function(context) {
     var projection,
         gj = {},
         enable = true,
@@ -21609,12 +22576,35 @@ iD.GpxLayer = function(context, dispatch) {
             .append('path')
             .attr('class', 'gpx');
 
+        var path = d3.geo.path()
+            .projection(projection);
+
         paths
-            .attr('d', d3.geo.path().projection(projection));
-    }
+            .attr('d', path);
 
-    function toDom(x) {
-        return (new DOMParser()).parseFromString(x, 'text/xml');
+        if (typeof gj.features !== 'undefined') {
+            svg
+                .selectAll('text')
+                .remove();
+
+            svg
+                .selectAll('path')
+                .data(gj.features)
+                .enter()
+                .append('text')
+                .attr('class', 'gpx')
+                .text(function(d) {
+                    return d.properties.name;
+                })
+                .attr('x', function(d) {
+                    var centroid = path.centroid(d);
+                    return centroid[0] + 5;
+                })
+                .attr('y', function(d) {
+                    var centroid = path.centroid(d);
+                    return centroid[1];
+                });
+        }
     }
 
     render.projection = function(_) {
@@ -21655,16 +22645,7 @@ iD.GpxLayer = function(context, dispatch) {
             d3.event.stopPropagation();
             d3.event.preventDefault();
             if (!iD.detect().filedrop) return;
-            var f = d3.event.dataTransfer.files[0],
-                reader = new FileReader();
-
-            reader.onload = function(e) {
-                render.geojson(toGeoJSON.gpx(toDom(e.target.result)));
-                dispatch.change();
-                context.map().pan([0, 0]);
-            };
-
-            reader.readAsText(f);
+            context.background().gpxLayerFiles(d3.event.dataTransfer.files);
         })
         .on('dragenter.localgpx', over)
         .on('dragexit.localgpx', over)
@@ -21690,11 +22671,12 @@ iD.Map = function(context) {
         points = iD.svg.Points(roundedProjection, context),
         vertices = iD.svg.Vertices(roundedProjection, context),
         lines = iD.svg.Lines(projection),
-        areas = iD.svg.Areas(roundedProjection),
+        areas = iD.svg.Areas(projection),
         midpoints = iD.svg.Midpoints(roundedProjection, context),
-        labels = iD.svg.Labels(roundedProjection, context),
+        labels = iD.svg.Labels(projection, context),
         supersurface, surface,
-        mouse;
+        mouse,
+        mousemove;
 
     function map(selection) {
         context.history()
@@ -21716,7 +22698,7 @@ iD.Map = function(context) {
 
         map.surface = surface = dataLayer.append('svg')
             .on('mousedown.zoom', function() {
-                if (d3.event.button == 2) {
+                if (d3.event.button === 2) {
                     d3.event.stopPropagation();
                 }
             }, true)
@@ -21726,6 +22708,10 @@ iD.Map = function(context) {
             .attr('id', 'surface')
             .call(iD.svg.Surface(context));
 
+        surface.on('mousemove.map', function() {
+            mousemove = d3.event;
+        });
+
         surface.on('mouseover.vertices', function() {
             if (map.editable() && !transformed) {
                 var hover = d3.event.target.__data__;
@@ -21810,7 +22796,7 @@ iD.Map = function(context) {
             .call(midpoints, graph, all, filter, map.extent())
             .call(labels, graph, all, filter, dimensions, !difference && !extent);
 
-        if (points.points(context.intersects(map.extent())).length > 100) {
+        if (points.points(context.intersects(map.extent()), 100).length >= 100) {
             surface.select('.layer-hit').selectAll('g.point').remove();
         } else {
             surface.call(points, points.points(all), filter);
@@ -21923,8 +22909,8 @@ iD.Map = function(context) {
     }
 
     map.mouse = function() {
-        var e = d3.event, s;
-        while (s = e.sourceEvent) e = s;
+        var e = mousemove || d3.event, s;
+        while ((s = e.sourceEvent)) e = s;
         return mouse(e);
     };
 
@@ -21938,10 +22924,10 @@ iD.Map = function(context) {
         return map;
     };
 
-    function setZoom(z, force) {
-        if (z === map.zoom() && !force)
+    function setZoom(_, force) {
+        if (_ === map.zoom() && !force)
             return false;
-        var scale = 256 * Math.pow(2, z),
+        var scale = 256 * Math.pow(2, _),
             center = pxCenter(),
             l = pointLocation(center);
         scale = Math.max(1024, Math.min(256 * Math.pow(2, 24), scale));
@@ -21956,15 +22942,16 @@ iD.Map = function(context) {
         return true;
     }
 
-    function setCenter(loc) {
-        var t = projection.translate(),
-            c = pxCenter(),
-            ll = projection(loc);
-        if (ll[0] === c[0] && ll[1] === c[1])
+    function setCenter(_) {
+        var c = map.center();
+        if (_[0] === c[0] && _[1] === c[1])
             return false;
+        var t = projection.translate(),
+            pxC = pxCenter(),
+            ll = projection(_);
         projection.translate([
-            t[0] - ll[0] + c[0],
-            t[1] - ll[1] + c[1]]);
+            t[0] - ll[0] + pxC[0],
+            t[1] - ll[1] + pxC[1]]);
         zoom.translate(projection.translate());
         return true;
     }
@@ -22048,7 +23035,7 @@ iD.Map = function(context) {
         d3.timer(function() {
             if (stop) return true;
             map.center(iD.geo.interp(from, loc, (t += 1) / 10));
-            return t == 10;
+            return t === 10;
         }, 20);
         return map;
     };
@@ -22160,6 +23147,7 @@ iD.TileLayer = function() {
         if (source.validZoom(z)) {
             tile().forEach(function(d) {
                 addSource(d);
+                if (d[3] === '') return;
                 requests.push(d);
                 if (cache[d[3]] === false && lookUp(d)) {
                     requests.push(addSource(lookUp(d)));
@@ -22268,29 +23256,27 @@ iD.svg = {
         };
     },
 
+    Round: function () {
+        return d3.geo.transform({
+            point: function(x, y) { return this.stream.point(Math.floor(x), Math.floor(y)); }
+        });
+    },
+
     Path: function(projection, graph, polygon) {
         var cache = {},
-            path = d3.geo.path().projection(projection);
-
-        function result(entity) {
-            if (entity.id in cache) return cache[entity.id];
-
-            var buffer = '';
-
-            path.context({
-                beginPath: function() {},
-                moveTo: function(x, y) { buffer += 'M' + Math.floor(x) + ',' + Math.floor(y); },
-                lineTo: function(x, y) { buffer += 'L' + Math.floor(x) + ',' + Math.floor(y); },
-                arc: function() {},
-                closePath: function() { buffer += 'Z'; }
-            });
-
-            path(entity.asGeoJSON(graph, polygon));
-
-            return cache[entity.id] = buffer;
-        }
+            round = iD.svg.Round().stream,
+            clip = d3.geo.clipExtent().extent(projection.clipExtent()).stream,
+            project = projection.stream,
+            path = d3.geo.path()
+                .projection({stream: function(output) { return polygon ? project(round(output)) : project(clip(round(output))); }});
 
-        return result;
+        return function(entity) {
+            if (entity.id in cache) {
+                return cache[entity.id];
+            } else {
+                return cache[entity.id] = path(entity.asGeoJSON(graph, polygon)); // jshint ignore:line
+            }
+        };
     },
 
     OneWaySegments: function(projection, graph, dt) {
@@ -22318,7 +23304,7 @@ iD.svg = {
                     b = [x, y];
 
                     if (a) {
-                        var span = iD.geo.dist(a, b) - offset;
+                        var span = iD.geo.euclideanDistance(a, b) - offset;
 
                         if (span >= 0) {
                             var angle = Math.atan2(b[1] - a[1], b[0] - a[0]),
@@ -22365,7 +23351,8 @@ iD.svg = {
     }
 };
 iD.svg.Areas = function(projection) {
-    // Patterns only work in Firefox when set directly on element
+    // Patterns only work in Firefox when set directly on element.
+    // (This is not a bug: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=750632)
     var patterns = {
         wetland: 'wetland',
         beach: 'beach',
@@ -22400,7 +23387,8 @@ iD.svg.Areas = function(projection) {
             var entity = entities[i];
             if (entity.geometry(graph) !== 'area') continue;
 
-            if (multipolygon = iD.geo.isSimpleMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph)) {
+            multipolygon = iD.geo.isSimpleMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph);
+            if (multipolygon) {
                 areas[multipolygon.id] = {
                     entity: multipolygon.mergeTags(entity.tags),
                     area: Math.abs(entity.area(graph))
@@ -22432,8 +23420,25 @@ iD.svg.Areas = function(projection) {
             .filter(filter)
             .data(function(layer) { return data[layer]; }, iD.Entity.key);
 
+        // Remove exiting areas first, so they aren't included in the `fills`
+        // array used for sorting below (https://github.com/systemed/iD/issues/1903).
+        paths.exit()
+            .remove();
+
+        var fills = surface.selectAll('.layer-fill path.area')[0];
+
+        var bisect = d3.bisector(function(node) {
+            return -node.__data__.area(graph);
+        }).left;
+
+        function sortedByArea(entity) {
+            if (this.__data__ === 'fill') {
+                return fills[bisect(fills, -entity.area(graph))];
+            }
+        }
+
         paths.enter()
-            .append('path')
+            .insert('path', sortedByArea)
             .each(function(entity) {
                 var layer = this.parentNode.__data__;
 
@@ -22446,14 +23451,11 @@ iD.svg.Areas = function(projection) {
             .call(iD.svg.TagClasses());
 
         paths
-            .order()
             .attr('d', path);
-
-        paths.exit()
-            .remove();
     };
 };
 iD.svg.Labels = function(projection, context) {
+    var path = d3.geo.path().projection(projection);
 
     // Replace with dict and iterate over entities tags instead?
     var label_stack = [
@@ -22488,11 +23490,11 @@ iD.svg.Labels = function(projection, context) {
 
     var font_sizes = label_stack.map(function(d) {
         var style = iD.util.getStyle('text.' + d[0] + '.tag-' + d[1]),
-            m = style && style.cssText.match("font-size: ([0-9]{1,2})px;");
+            m = style && style.cssText.match('font-size: ([0-9]{1,2})px;');
         if (m) return parseInt(m[1], 10);
 
         style = iD.util.getStyle('text.' + d[0]);
-        m = style && style.cssText.match("font-size: ([0-9]{1,2})px;");
+        m = style && style.cssText.match('font-size: ([0-9]{1,2})px;');
         if (m) return parseInt(m[1], 10);
 
         return default_size;
@@ -22535,24 +23537,28 @@ iD.svg.Labels = function(projection, context) {
             return c[text];
 
         } else {
-            return size / 3 * 2 * text.length;
+            var str = encodeURIComponent(text).match(/%[CDEFcdef]/g);
+            if (str === null) {
+                return size / 3 * 2 * text.length;
+            } else {
+                return size / 3 * (2 * text.length + str.length);
+            }
         }
     }
 
     function drawLineLabels(group, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
-
         var texts = group.selectAll('text.' + classes)
             .filter(filter)
             .data(entities, iD.Entity.key);
 
-        var tp = texts.enter()
+        texts.enter()
             .append('text')
             .attr('class', function(d, i) { return classes + ' ' + labels[i].classes + ' ' + d.id; })
             .append('textPath')
             .attr('class', 'textpath');
 
 
-        var tps = texts.selectAll('.textpath')
+        texts.selectAll('.textpath')
             .filter(filter)
             .data(entities, iD.Entity.key)
             .attr({
@@ -22562,11 +23568,9 @@ iD.svg.Labels = function(projection, context) {
             .text(iD.util.displayName);
 
         texts.exit().remove();
-
     }
 
     function drawLinePaths(group, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
-
         var halos = group.selectAll('path')
             .filter(filter)
             .data(entities, iD.Entity.key);
@@ -22718,18 +23722,23 @@ iD.svg.Labels = function(projection, context) {
         // Split entities into groups specified by label_stack
         for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
             entity = entities[i];
-            var geometry = entity.geometry(graph),
-                preset = geometry === 'area' && context.presets().match(entity, graph),
+            var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
+
+            if (geometry === 'vertex')
+                continue;
+            if (hidePoints && geometry === 'point')
+                continue;
+
+            var preset = geometry === 'area' && context.presets().match(entity, graph),
                 icon = preset && !blacklisted(preset) && preset.icon;
 
-            if ((iD.util.displayName(entity) || icon) && !(hidePoints && geometry === 'point')) {
+            if (!icon && !iD.util.displayName(entity))
+                continue;
 
-                for (k = 0; k < label_stack.length; k ++) {
-                    if (entity.geometry(graph) === label_stack[k][0] &&
-                        entity.tags[label_stack[k][1]]) {
-                        labelable[k].push(entity);
-                        break;
-                    }
+            for (k = 0; k < label_stack.length; k ++) {
+                if (geometry === label_stack[k][0] && entity.tags[label_stack[k][1]]) {
+                    labelable[k].push(entity);
+                    break;
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -22813,8 +23822,7 @@ iD.svg.Labels = function(projection, context) {
         }
 
         function getAreaLabel(entity, width, height) {
-            var path = d3.geo.path().projection(projection),
-                centroid = path.centroid(entity.asGeoJSON(graph, true)),
+            var centroid = path.centroid(entity.asGeoJSON(graph, true)),
                 extent = entity.extent(graph),
                 entitywidth = projection(extent[1])[0] - projection(extent[0])[0],
                 rect;
@@ -23015,7 +24023,7 @@ iD.svg.Midpoints = function(projection, context) {
                 // If neither of the nodes changed, no need to redraw midpoint
                 if (!midpoints[id] && (filter(a) || filter(b))) {
                     var loc = iD.geo.interp(a.loc, b.loc, 0.5);
-                    if (extent.intersects(loc) && iD.geo.dist(projection(a.loc), projection(b.loc)) > 40) {
+                    if (extent.intersects(loc) && iD.geo.euclideanDistance(projection(a.loc), projection(b.loc)) > 40) {
                         midpoints[id] = {
                             type: 'midpoint',
                             id: id,
@@ -23105,7 +24113,7 @@ iD.svg.Points = function(projection, context) {
             .remove();
     }
 
-    drawPoints.points = function(entities) {
+    drawPoints.points = function(entities, limit) {
         var graph = context.graph(),
             points = [];
 
@@ -23113,6 +24121,7 @@ iD.svg.Points = function(projection, context) {
             var entity = entities[i];
             if (entity.geometry(graph) === 'point') {
                 points.push(entity);
+                if (limit && points.length >= limit) break;
             }
         }
 
@@ -23121,6 +24130,81 @@ iD.svg.Points = function(projection, context) {
 
     return drawPoints;
 };
+iD.svg.Restrictions = function(context) {
+    var projection = context.projection;
+
+    function drawRestrictions(surface) {
+        var turns = drawRestrictions.turns(context.graph(), context.selectedIDs());
+
+        var groups = surface.select('.layer-hit').selectAll('g.restriction')
+            .data(turns, iD.Entity.key);
+
+        var enter = groups.enter().append('g')
+            .attr('class', 'restriction');
+
+        enter.append('circle')
+            .attr('class', 'restriction')
+            .attr('r', 4);
+
+        groups
+            .attr('transform', function(restriction) {
+                var via = context.entity(restriction.memberByRole('via').id);
+                return iD.svg.PointTransform(projection)(via);
+            });
+
+        groups.exit()
+            .remove();
+
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    drawRestrictions.turns = function (graph, selectedIDs) {
+        if (selectedIDs.length !== 1)
+            return [];
+
+        var from = graph.entity(selectedIDs[0]);
+        if (from.type !== 'way')
+            return [];
+
+        return graph.parentRelations(from).filter(function(relation) {
+            var f = relation.memberById(from.id),
+                t = relation.memberByRole('to'),
+                v = relation.memberByRole('via');
+
+            return relation.tags.type === 'restriction' && f.role === 'from' &&
+                t && t.type === 'way' && graph.hasEntity(t.id) &&
+                v && v.type === 'node' && graph.hasEntity(v.id) &&
+                !graph.entity(t.id).isDegenerate() &&
+                !graph.entity(f.id).isDegenerate() &&
+                graph.entity(t.id).affix(v.id) &&
+                graph.entity(f.id).affix(v.id);
+        });
+    };
+
+    drawRestrictions.datum = function(graph, from, restriction, projection) {
+        var to = graph.entity(restriction.memberByRole('to').id),
+            a = graph.entity(restriction.memberByRole('via').id),
+            b;
+
+        if (to.first() === a.id) {
+            b = graph.entity(to.nodes[1]);
+        } else {
+            b = graph.entity(to.nodes[to.nodes.length - 2]);
+        }
+
+        a = projection(a.loc);
+        b = projection(b.loc);
+
+        return {
+            from: from,
+            to: to,
+            restriction: restriction,
+            angle: Math.atan2(b[1] - a[1], b[0] - a[0])
+        };
+    };
+
+    return drawRestrictions;
+};
 iD.svg.Surface = function(context) {
     function autosize(image) {
         var img = document.createElement('img');
@@ -23144,7 +24228,7 @@ iD.svg.Surface = function(context) {
                 .data(data)
                 .enter().append('use')
                 .attr('id', function(d) { return d.key; })
-                .attr('transform', function(d) { return "translate(-" + d.value[0] + ",-" + d.value[1] + ")"; })
+                .attr('transform', function(d) { return 'translate(-' + d.value[0] + ',-' + d.value[1] + ')'; })
                 .attr('xlink:href', '#' + id);
         };
     }
@@ -23240,11 +24324,15 @@ iD.svg.Surface = function(context) {
     };
 };
 iD.svg.TagClasses = function() {
-    var keys = d3.set([
-        'highway', 'railway', 'waterway', 'power', 'motorway', 'amenity',
-        'natural', 'landuse', 'building', 'oneway', 'bridge', 'boundary',
-        'tunnel', 'leisure', 'construction', 'place', 'aeroway'
-    ]), tagClassRe = /^tag-/,
+    var primary = [
+            'highway', 'railway', 'waterway', 'aeroway', 'motorway',
+            'boundary', 'power', 'amenity', 'natural', 'landuse',
+            'building', 'leisure', 'place'
+        ],
+        secondary = [
+            'oneway', 'bridge', 'tunnel', 'construction'
+        ],
+        tagClassRe = /^tag-/,
         tags = function(entity) { return entity.tags; };
 
     var tagClasses = function(selection) {
@@ -23257,10 +24345,21 @@ iD.svg.TagClasses = function() {
                 return name.length && !tagClassRe.test(name);
             }).join(' ');
 
-            var t = tags(entity);
-            for (var k in t) {
-                if (!keys.has(k) || t[k] === 'no') continue;
-                classes += ' tag-' + k + ' tag-' + k + '-' + t[k];
+            var t = tags(entity), i, k, v;
+
+            for (i = 0; i < primary.length; i++) {
+                k = primary[i];
+                v = t[k];
+                if (!v || v === 'no') continue;
+                classes += ' tag-' + k + ' tag-' + k + '-' + v;
+                break;
+            }
+
+            for (i = 0; i < secondary.length; i++) {
+                k = secondary[i];
+                v = t[k];
+                if (!v || v === 'no') continue;
+                classes += ' tag-' + k + ' tag-' + k + '-' + v;
             }
 
             classes = classes.trim();
@@ -23341,9 +24440,10 @@ iD.svg.Vertices = function(projection, context) {
         var icons = {};
         function icon(entity) {
             if (entity.id in icons) return icons[entity.id];
-            return icons[entity.id] = (zoom !== 0 &&
+            icons[entity.id] = zoom !== 0 &&
                 entity.hasInterestingTags() &&
-                context.presets().match(entity, graph).icon);
+                context.presets().match(entity, graph).icon;
+            return icons[entity.id];
         }
 
         function circle(klass) {
@@ -23356,7 +24456,7 @@ iD.svg.Vertices = function(projection, context) {
                 this.setAttribute('cx', c);
                 this.setAttribute('cy', -c);
                 this.setAttribute('r', r);
-            }
+            };
         }
 
         var enter = groups.enter().append('g')
@@ -23401,7 +24501,7 @@ iD.svg.Vertices = function(projection, context) {
             if (entity.id in selected ||
                 entity.hasInterestingTags() ||
                 entity.isIntersection(graph)) {
-                vertices.push(entity)
+                vertices.push(entity);
             }
         }
 
@@ -23430,8 +24530,7 @@ iD.svg.Vertices = function(projection, context) {
 };
 iD.ui = function(context) {
     function render(container) {
-        var history = context.history(),
-            map = context.map();
+        var map = context.map();
 
         if (iD.detect().opera) container.classed('opera', true);
 
@@ -23459,7 +24558,7 @@ iD.ui = function(context) {
             .attr('id', 'map')
             .call(map);
 
-        var spacer = bar.append('div')
+        bar.append('div')
             .attr('class', 'spacer col4');
 
         var limiter = bar.append('div')
@@ -23481,9 +24580,7 @@ iD.ui = function(context) {
             .attr('class', 'spinner')
             .call(iD.ui.Spinner(context));
 
-        content.append('div')
-            .attr('class', 'attribution')
-            .attr('tabindex', -1)
+        content
             .call(iD.ui.Attribution(context));
 
         content.append('div')
@@ -23553,8 +24650,11 @@ iD.ui = function(context) {
             .call(iD.ui.Contributors(context));
 
         window.onbeforeunload = function() {
-            history.save();
-            if (history.hasChanges()) return t('save.unsaved_changes');
+            return context.save();
+        };
+
+        window.onunload = function() {
+            context.history().unlock();
         };
 
         d3.select(window).on('resize.editor', function() {
@@ -23670,20 +24770,28 @@ iD.ui.Account = function(context) {
 iD.ui.Attribution = function(context) {
     var selection;
 
-    function update() {
-        if (!context.background().baseLayerSource()) {
-            selection.html('');
-            return;
-        }
+    function attribution(data, klass) {
+        var div = selection.selectAll('.' + klass)
+            .data([0]);
+
+        div.enter()
+            .append('div')
+            .attr('class', klass);
 
-        var attribution = selection.selectAll('.provided-by')
-            .data([context.background().baseLayerSource()], function(d) { return d.name; });
+        var background = div.selectAll('.attribution')
+            .data(data, function(d) { return d.name; });
 
-        attribution.enter()
+        background.enter()
             .append('span')
-            .attr('class', 'provided-by')
+            .attr('class', 'attribution')
             .each(function(d) {
-                var source = d.sourcetag || d.name;
+                if (d.terms_html) {
+                    d3.select(this)
+                        .html(d.terms_html);
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                var source = d.terms_text || d.id || d.name;
 
                 if (d.logo) {
                     source = '<img class="source-image" src="' + context.imagePath(d.logo) + '">';
@@ -23701,10 +24809,10 @@ iD.ui.Attribution = function(context) {
                 }
             });
 
-        attribution.exit()
+        background.exit()
             .remove();
 
-        var copyright = attribution.selectAll('.copyright-notice')
+        var copyright = background.selectAll('.copyright-notice')
             .data(function(d) {
                 var notice = d.copyrightNotices(context.map().zoom(), context.map().extent());
                 return notice ? [notice] : [];
@@ -23720,6 +24828,13 @@ iD.ui.Attribution = function(context) {
             .remove();
     }
 
+    function update() {
+        attribution([context.background().baseLayerSource()], 'base-layer-attribution');
+        attribution(context.background().overlayLayerSources().filter(function (s) {
+            return s.validZoom(context.map().zoom());
+        }), 'overlay-layer-attribution');
+    }
+
     return function(select) {
         selection = select;
 
@@ -23734,13 +24849,13 @@ iD.ui.Attribution = function(context) {
 };
 iD.ui.Background = function(context) {
     var key = 'b',
-        opacities = [1, 0.5, 0],
+        opacities = [1, 0.75, 0.5, 0.25],
         directions = [
             ['left', [1, 0]],
             ['top', [0, -1]],
             ['right', [-1, 0]],
             ['bottom', [0, 1]]],
-        opacityDefault = (context.storage('background-opacity') != undefined) ?
+        opacityDefault = (context.storage('background-opacity') !== null) ?
             (+context.storage('background-opacity')) : 0.5;
 
     function background(selection) {
@@ -23762,7 +24877,7 @@ iD.ui.Background = function(context) {
                 return context.background().showsLayer(d);
             }
 
-            content.selectAll('label.layer, label.custom_layer')
+            content.selectAll('.layer, .custom_layer')
                 .classed('active', active)
                 .selectAll('input')
                 .property('checked', active);
@@ -23777,7 +24892,9 @@ iD.ui.Background = function(context) {
         function clickCustom() {
             d3.event.preventDefault();
             var template = window.prompt(t('background.custom_prompt'));
-            if (!template) {
+            if (!template || template.indexOf('google.com') !== -1 ||
+               template.indexOf('googleapis.com') !== -1 ||
+               template.indexOf('google.ru') !== -1) {
                 selectLayer();
                 return;
             }
@@ -23804,33 +24921,33 @@ iD.ui.Background = function(context) {
                 .sources(context.map().extent())
                 .filter(filter);
 
-            var layerLinks = layerList.selectAll('label.layer')
+            var layerLinks = layerList.selectAll('li.layer')
                 .data(sources, function(d) { return d.name; });
 
-            var layerInner = layerLinks.enter()
-                .insert('label', '.custom_layer')
+            var enter = layerLinks.enter()
+                .insert('li', '.custom_layer')
                 .attr('class', 'layer');
 
             // only set tooltips for layers with tooltips
-            layerInner
-                .filter(function(d) { return d.description; })
+            enter.filter(function(d) { return d.description; })
                 .call(bootstrap.tooltip()
                     .title(function(d) { return d.description; })
                     .placement('left'));
 
-            layerInner.append('input')
+            var label = enter.append('label');
+
+            label.append('input')
                 .attr('type', type)
                 .attr('name', 'layers')
-                .attr('value', function(d) { return d.name; })
                 .on('change', change);
 
-            layerInner.append('span')
+            label.append('span')
                 .text(function(d) { return d.name; });
 
             layerLinks.exit()
                 .remove();
 
-            layerList.style('display', layerList.selectAll('label.layer').data().length > 0 ? 'block' : 'none');
+            layerList.style('display', layerList.selectAll('li.layer').data().length > 0 ? 'block' : 'none');
         }
 
         function update() {
@@ -23882,9 +24999,7 @@ iD.ui.Background = function(context) {
         function toggle() {
             if (d3.event) d3.event.preventDefault();
             tooltip.hide(button);
-            var visible = !button.classed('active');
-            setVisible(visible);
-            if (visible) content.selectAll('.toggle-list label:first-child').node().focus();
+            setVisible(!button.classed('active'));
         }
 
         function setVisible(show) {
@@ -23941,66 +25056,82 @@ iD.ui.Background = function(context) {
                 return t('background.percent_brightness', { opacity: (d * 100) });
             })
             .on('click.set-opacity', setOpacity)
-            .html("<div class='select-box'></div>")
+            .html('<div class="select-box"></div>')
             .call(bootstrap.tooltip()
                 .placement('top'))
             .append('div')
             .attr('class', 'opacity')
             .style('opacity', String);
 
-        var backgroundList = content
-            .append('div')
-            .attr('class', 'toggle-list layer-list');
+        var backgroundList = content.append('ul')
+            .attr('class', 'layer-list');
 
-        var custom = backgroundList
-            .append('label')
+        var custom = backgroundList.append('li')
             .attr('class', 'custom_layer')
             .datum({name: 'Custom'});
 
-        custom.append('input')
+        var label = custom.append('label');
+
+        label.append('input')
             .attr('type', 'radio')
             .attr('name', 'layers')
             .on('change', clickCustom);
 
-        custom.append('span')
+        label.append('span')
             .text(t('background.custom'));
 
-        var overlayList = content
-            .append('div')
-            .attr('class', 'toggle-list layer-list');
+        var overlayList = content.append('ul')
+            .attr('class', 'layer-list');
 
-        var gpxLayerItem = content
-            .append('div')
+        var gpxLayerItem = content.append('ul')
             .style('display', iD.detect().filedrop ? 'block' : 'none')
-            .attr('class', 'toggle-list layer-list')
-            .append('label')
+            .attr('class', 'layer-list')
+            .append('li')
             .classed('layer-toggle-gpx', true);
 
-        gpxLayerItem.call(bootstrap.tooltip()
-            .title(t('gpx.drag_drop'))
-            .placement('left'));
-
-        gpxLayerItem.append('input')
-            .attr('type', 'checkbox')
-            .property('disabled', true)
-            .on('change', clickGpx);
-
-        gpxLayerItem.append('span')
-            .text(t('gpx.local_layer'));
-
-        gpxLayerItem
-            .append('button')
-            .attr('class', 'minor layer-extent')
+        gpxLayerItem.append('button')
+            .attr('class', 'layer-extent')
+            .call(bootstrap.tooltip()
+                .title(t('gpx.zoom'))
+                .placement('left'))
             .on('click', function() {
                 d3.event.preventDefault();
                 d3.event.stopPropagation();
                 context.background().zoomToGpxLayer();
             })
             .append('span')
-                .attr('class', 'icon geocode' );
+            .attr('class', 'icon geolocate');
 
-        var adjustments = content
-            .append('div')
+        gpxLayerItem.append('button')
+            .attr('class', 'layer-browse')
+            .call(bootstrap.tooltip()
+                .title(t('gpx.browse'))
+                .placement('left'))
+            .on('click', function() {
+                d3.select(document.createElement('input'))
+                    .attr('type', 'file')
+                    .on('change', function() {
+                        context.background().gpxLayerFiles(d3.event.target.files);
+                    })
+                    .node().click();
+            })
+            .append('span')
+            .attr('class', 'icon geocode');
+
+        label = gpxLayerItem.append('label')
+            .call(bootstrap.tooltip()
+                .title(t('gpx.drag_drop'))
+                .placement('left'));
+
+        label.append('input')
+            .attr('type', 'checkbox')
+            .property('disabled', true)
+            .on('change', clickGpx);
+
+        label.append('span')
+            .text(t('gpx.local_layer'));
+
+        var adjustments = content.append('div')
             .attr('class', 'adjustments');
 
         adjustments.append('a')
@@ -24015,8 +25146,7 @@ iD.ui.Background = function(context) {
                 d3.event.preventDefault();
             });
 
-        var nudgeContainer = adjustments
-            .append('div')
+        var nudgeContainer = adjustments.append('div')
             .attr('class', 'nudge-container cf')
             .style('display', 'none');
 
@@ -24086,33 +25216,22 @@ iD.ui.cmd = function(code) {
     return keys.join('+');
 };
 iD.ui.Commit = function(context) {
-    var event = d3.dispatch('cancel', 'save', 'fix'),
-        presets = context.presets();
-
-    function zipSame(d) {
-        var c = [], n = -1;
-        for (var i = 0; i < d.length; i++) {
-            var desc = {
-                name: d[i].tags.name || presets.match(d[i], context.graph()).name(),
-                geometry: d[i].geometry(context.graph()),
-                count: 1,
-                tagText: iD.util.tagText(d[i])
-            };
-            if (c[n] &&
-                c[n].name == desc.name &&
-                c[n].tagText == desc.tagText) {
-                c[n].count++;
-            } else {
-                c[++n] = desc;
-            }
-        }
-        return c;
-    }
+    var event = d3.dispatch('cancel', 'save');
 
     function commit(selection) {
-        var changes = context.history().changes();
-
-        function changesLength(d) { return changes[d].length; }
+        var changes = context.history().changes(),
+            summary = context.history().difference().summary();
+
+        function zoomToEntity(change) {
+            var entity = change.entity;
+            if (change.changeType !== 'deleted' &&
+                context.graph().entity(entity.id).geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex') {
+                context.map().zoomTo(entity);
+                context.surface().selectAll(
+                    iD.util.entityOrMemberSelector([entity.id], context.graph()))
+                    .classed('hover', true);
+            }
+        }
 
         var header = selection.append('div')
             .attr('class', 'header fillL');
@@ -24139,7 +25258,10 @@ iD.ui.Commit = function(context) {
 
         var commentField = commentSection.append('textarea')
             .attr('placeholder', t('commit.description_placeholder'))
-            .property('value', context.storage('comment') || '');
+            .property('value', context.storage('comment') || '')
+            .on('blur.save', function () {
+                context.storage('comment', this.value);
+            });
 
         commentField.node().select();
 
@@ -24174,12 +25296,10 @@ iD.ui.Commit = function(context) {
 
         // Confirm Button
         var saveButton = saveSection.append('button')
-            .attr('class', 'action col3 button')
+            .attr('class', 'action col4 button')
             .on('click.save', function() {
-                var comment = commentField.node().value;
-                localStorage.comment = comment;
                 event.save({
-                    comment: comment
+                    comment: commentField.node().value
                 });
             });
 
@@ -24187,11 +25307,13 @@ iD.ui.Commit = function(context) {
             .attr('class', 'label')
             .text(t('commit.save'));
 
+        // Warnings
         var warnings = body.selectAll('div.warning-section')
-            .data(iD.validate(changes, context.graph()))
+            .data([iD.validate(changes, context.graph())])
             .enter()
             .append('div')
-            .attr('class', 'modal-section warning-section fillL2');
+            .attr('class', 'modal-section warning-section fillL2')
+            .style('display', function(d) { return _.isEmpty(d) ? 'none' : null; });
 
         warnings.append('h3')
             .text(t('commit.warnings'));
@@ -24201,52 +25323,90 @@ iD.ui.Commit = function(context) {
             .selectAll('li')
             .data(function(d) { return d; })
             .enter()
-            .append('li');
+            .append('li')
+            .on('mouseover', mouseover)
+            .on('mouseout', mouseout)
+            .on('click', warningClick);
 
-        // only show the fix icon when an entity is given
-        warningLi.filter(function(d) { return d.entity; })
-            .append('button')
-            .attr('class', 'minor')
-            .on('click', event.fix)
-            .append('span')
-            .attr('class', 'icon warning');
+        warningLi.append('span')
+            .attr('class', 'alert icon icon-pre-text');
 
         warningLi.append('strong').text(function(d) {
             return d.message;
         });
 
-        var section = body.selectAll('div.commit-section')
-            .data(['modified', 'deleted', 'created'].filter(changesLength))
+        var changeSection = body.selectAll('div.commit-section')
+            .data([0])
             .enter()
             .append('div')
             .attr('class', 'commit-section modal-section fillL2');
 
-        section.append('h3')
-            .text(function(d) { return t('commit.' + d); })
-            .append('small')
-            .attr('class', 'count')
-            .text(changesLength);
+        changeSection.append('h3')
+            .text(summary.length + ' Changes');
 
-        var li = section.append('ul')
+        var li = changeSection.append('ul')
             .attr('class', 'changeset-list')
             .selectAll('li')
-            .data(function(d) { return zipSame(changes[d]); })
+            .data(summary)
             .enter()
-            .append('li');
+            .append('li')
+            .on('mouseover', mouseover)
+            .on('mouseout', mouseout)
+            .on('click', zoomToEntity);
+
+        li.append('span')
+            .attr('class', function(d) {
+                return d.entity.geometry(d.graph) + ' ' + d.changeType + ' icon icon-pre-text';
+            });
+
+        li.append('span')
+            .attr('class', 'change-type')
+            .text(function(d) {
+                return d.changeType + ' ';
+            });
 
         li.append('strong')
+            .attr('class', 'entity-type')
             .text(function(d) {
-                return d.geometry + ' ';
+                return context.presets().match(d.entity, d.graph).name();
             });
 
         li.append('span')
-            .text(function(d) { return d.name; })
-            .attr('title', function(d) { return d.tagText; });
+            .attr('class', 'entity-name')
+            .text(function(d) {
+                var name = iD.util.displayName(d.entity) || '',
+                    string = '';
+                if (name !== '') string += ':';
+                return string += ' ' + name;
+            });
 
-        li.filter(function(d) { return d.count > 1; })
-            .append('span')
-            .attr('class', 'count')
-            .text(function(d) { return d.count; });
+        li.style('opacity', 0)
+            .transition()
+            .style('opacity', 1);
+
+        li.style('opacity', 0)
+            .transition()
+            .style('opacity', 1);
+
+        function mouseover(d) {
+            if (d.entity) {
+                context.surface().selectAll(
+                    iD.util.entityOrMemberSelector([d.entity.id], context.graph())
+                ).classed('hover', true);
+            }
+        }
+
+        function mouseout() {
+            context.surface().selectAll('.hover')
+                .classed('hover', false);
+        }
+
+        function warningClick(d) {
+            if (d.entity) {
+                context.map().zoomTo(d.entity);
+                context.enter(iD.modes.Select(context, [d.entity.id]));
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     return d3.rebind(commit, event, 'on');
@@ -24259,16 +25419,16 @@ iD.ui.confirm = function(selection) {
 
     var section = modal.select('.content');
 
-    var modalHeader = section.append('div')
+    section.append('div')
         .attr('class', 'modal-section header');
 
-    var description = section.append('div')
+    section.append('div')
         .attr('class', 'modal-section message-text');
 
     var buttonwrap = section.append('div')
         .attr('class', 'modal-section buttons cf');
 
-    var okbutton = buttonwrap.append('button')
+    buttonwrap.append('button')
         .attr('class', 'col2 action')
         .on('click.confirm', function() {
             modal.remove();
@@ -24568,7 +25728,7 @@ iD.ui.EntityEditor = function(context) {
         if (!arguments.length) return preset;
         if (_ !== preset) {
             preset = _;
-            reference = iD.ui.TagReference(preset.reference())
+            reference = iD.ui.TagReference(preset.reference(context.geometry(id)))
                 .showing(false);
         }
         return entityEditor;
@@ -24662,15 +25822,18 @@ iD.ui.FeatureList = function(context) {
             }
 
             (geocodeResults || []).forEach(function(d) {
-                result.push({
-                    id: iD.Entity.id.fromOSM(d.osm_type, d.osm_id),
-                    geometry: d.osm_type === 'relation' ? 'relation' : d.osm_type === 'way' ? 'line' : 'point',
-                    type: (d.type.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + d.type.slice(1)).replace('_', ' '),
-                    name: d.display_name,
-                    extent: new iD.geo.Extent(
-                        [parseFloat(d.boundingbox[3]), parseFloat(d.boundingbox[0])],
-                        [parseFloat(d.boundingbox[2]), parseFloat(d.boundingbox[1])])
-                })
+                // https://github.com/systemed/iD/issues/1890
+                if (d.osm_type && d.osm_id) {
+                    result.push({
+                        id: iD.Entity.id.fromOSM(d.osm_type, d.osm_id),
+                        geometry: d.osm_type === 'relation' ? 'relation' : d.osm_type === 'way' ? 'line' : 'point',
+                        type: (d.type.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + d.type.slice(1)).replace('_', ' '),
+                        name: d.display_name,
+                        extent: new iD.geo.Extent(
+                            [parseFloat(d.boundingbox[3]), parseFloat(d.boundingbox[0])],
+                            [parseFloat(d.boundingbox[2]), parseFloat(d.boundingbox[1])])
+                    });
+                }
             });
 
             return result;
@@ -24827,117 +25990,40 @@ iD.ui.Geolocate = function(map) {
     };
 };
 iD.ui.Help = function(context) {
-
     var key = 'h';
 
-    function help(selection) {
-
-        var shown = false, pane;
-
-        function setup() {
-            pane = context.container()
-                .select('.help-wrap')
-                .html('');
-
-            var toc = pane.append('ul')
-                .attr('class', 'toc');
-
-            function clickHelp(d, i) {
-                pane.property('scrollTop', 0);
-                doctitle.text(d.title);
-                body.html(d.html);
-                body.selectAll('a')
-                    .attr('target', '_blank');
-                menuItems.classed('selected', function(m) {
-                    return m.title === d.title;
-                });
-
-                nav.html('');
-
-                if (i > 0) {
-                    var prevLink = nav.append('a')
-                            .attr('class', 'previous')
-                            .on('click', function() {
-                                clickHelp(docs[i - 1], i - 1);
-                            });
-                    prevLink.append('span').attr('class', 'icon back blue');
-                    prevLink.append('span').text(docs[i - 1].title);
-                }
-                if (i < docs.length - 1) {
-                    var nextLink = nav.append('a')
-                        .attr('class', 'next')
-                        .on('click', function() {
-                            clickHelp(docs[i + 1], i + 1);
-                        });
-                    nextLink.append('span').text(docs[i + 1].title);
-                    nextLink.append('span').attr('class', 'icon forward blue');
-                }
-            }
-
-            var docKeys = [
-                'help.help',
-                'help.editing_saving',
-                'help.roads',
-                'help.gps',
-                'help.imagery',
-                'help.addresses',
-                'help.inspector',
-                'help.buildings',
-                'help.relations'];
-
-            function one(f) { return function(x) { return f(x); }; }
-            var docs = docKeys.map(one(t)).map(function(text) {
-                return {
-                    title: text.split('\n')[0].replace('#', '').trim(),
-                    html: marked(text.split('\n').slice(1).join('\n'))
-                };
-            });
-
-            var menuItems = toc.selectAll('li')
-                .data(docs)
-                .enter()
-                .append('li')
-                .append('a')
-                .text(function(d) { return d.title; })
-                .on('click', clickHelp);
-
-            toc.append('li')
-                .attr('class','walkthrough')
-                .append('a')
-                .text(t('splash.walkthrough'))
-                .on('click', function() {
-                    d3.select(document.body).call(iD.ui.intro(context));
-                    setVisible(false);
-                });
+    var docKeys = [
+        'help.help',
+        'help.editing_saving',
+        'help.roads',
+        'help.gps',
+        'help.imagery',
+        'help.addresses',
+        'help.inspector',
+        'help.buildings',
+        'help.relations'];
+
+    var docs = docKeys.map(function(key) {
+        var text = t(key);
+        return {
+            title: text.split('\n')[0].replace('#', '').trim(),
+            html: marked(text.split('\n').slice(1).join('\n'))
+        };
+    });
 
-            var content = pane.append('div')
-                    .attr('class', 'left-content'),
-                doctitle = content.append('h2')
-                    .text(t('help.title')),
-                body = content.append('div')
-                    .attr('class', 'body'),
-                nav = content.append('div')
-                    .attr('class', 'nav');
+    function help(selection) {
+        var shown = false;
 
-            clickHelp(docs[0], 0);
+        function hide() {
+            setVisible(false);
         }
 
-        function hide() { setVisible(false); }
         function toggle() {
             if (d3.event) d3.event.preventDefault();
             tooltip.hide(button);
             setVisible(!button.classed('active'));
         }
 
-        function blockClick() {
-            pane.on('mousedown.help-inside', function() {
-                return d3.event.stopPropagation();
-            });
-            selection.on('mousedown.help-inside', function() {
-                return d3.event.stopPropagation();
-            });
-        }
-
         function setVisible(show) {
             if (show !== shown) {
                 button.classed('active', show);
@@ -24947,8 +26033,7 @@ iD.ui.Help = function(context) {
                         .style('right', '-500px')
                         .transition()
                         .duration(200)
-                        .style('right', '0px')
-                        .each('end', blockClick);
+                        .style('right', '0px');
                 } else {
                     pane.style('right', '0px')
                         .transition()
@@ -24957,11 +26042,47 @@ iD.ui.Help = function(context) {
                         .each('end', function() {
                             d3.select(this).style('display', 'none');
                         });
-                    pane.on('mousedown.help-inside', null);
                 }
             }
         }
 
+        function clickHelp(d, i) {
+            pane.property('scrollTop', 0);
+            doctitle.text(d.title);
+            body.html(d.html);
+            body.selectAll('a')
+                .attr('target', '_blank');
+            menuItems.classed('selected', function(m) {
+                return m.title === d.title;
+            });
+
+            nav.html('');
+
+            if (i > 0) {
+                var prevLink = nav.append('a')
+                    .attr('class', 'previous')
+                    .on('click', function() {
+                        clickHelp(docs[i - 1], i - 1);
+                    });
+                prevLink.append('span').attr('class', 'icon back blue');
+                prevLink.append('span').text(docs[i - 1].title);
+            }
+            if (i < docs.length - 1) {
+                var nextLink = nav.append('a')
+                    .attr('class', 'next')
+                    .on('click', function() {
+                        clickHelp(docs[i + 1], i + 1);
+                    });
+                nextLink.append('span').text(docs[i + 1].title);
+                nextLink.append('span').attr('class', 'icon forward blue');
+            }
+        }
+
+        function clickWalkthrough() {
+            d3.select(document.body).call(iD.ui.intro(context));
+            setVisible(false);
+        }
+
         var tooltip = bootstrap.tooltip()
             .placement('left')
             .html(true)
@@ -24975,14 +26096,56 @@ iD.ui.Help = function(context) {
         button.append('span')
             .attr('class', 'icon help light');
 
+        var pane = context.container()
+            .select('.help-wrap');
+
+        var toc = pane.append('ul')
+            .attr('class', 'toc');
+
+        var menuItems = toc.selectAll('li')
+            .data(docs)
+            .enter()
+            .append('li')
+            .append('a')
+            .text(function(d) { return d.title; })
+            .on('click', clickHelp);
+
+        toc.append('li')
+            .attr('class','walkthrough')
+            .append('a')
+            .text(t('splash.walkthrough'))
+            .on('click', clickWalkthrough);
+
+        var content = pane.append('div')
+            .attr('class', 'left-content');
+
+        var doctitle = content.append('h2')
+            .text(t('help.title'));
+
+        var body = content.append('div')
+            .attr('class', 'body');
+
+        var nav = content.append('div')
+            .attr('class', 'nav');
+
+        clickHelp(docs[0], 0);
+
+        var keybinding = d3.keybinding('help')
+            .on(key, toggle);
+
+        d3.select(document)
+            .call(keybinding);
+
         context.surface().on('mousedown.help-outside', hide);
         context.container().on('mousedown.b.help-outside', hide);
 
-        setup();
+        pane.on('mousedown.help-inside', function() {
+            return d3.event.stopPropagation();
+        });
 
-        var keybinding = d3.keybinding('help');
-        keybinding.on(key, toggle);
-        d3.select(document).call(keybinding);
+        selection.on('mousedown.help-inside', function() {
+            return d3.event.stopPropagation();
+        });
     }
 
     return help;
@@ -25096,21 +26259,25 @@ iD.ui.intro = function(context) {
             background = context.background().baseLayerSource(),
             opacity = d3.select('.background-layer').style('opacity'),
             loadedTiles = context.connection().loadedTiles(),
-            baseEntities = context.history().graph().base().entities;
+            baseEntities = context.history().graph().base().entities,
+            introGraph;
 
         // Load semi-real data used in intro
         context.connection().toggle(false).flush();
-        context.history().save().reset();
-        context.history().merge(iD.Graph().load(JSON.parse(iD.introGraph)).entities);
+        context.history().reset();
+        
+        introGraph = JSON.parse(iD.introGraph);
+        for (var key in introGraph) {
+            introGraph[key] = iD.Entity(introGraph[key]);
+        }
+        context.history().merge(iD.Graph().load(introGraph).entities);
         context.background().bing();
 
         // Block saving
         var savebutton = d3.select('#bar button.save'),
             save = savebutton.on('click');
         savebutton.on('click', null);
-
-        var beforeunload = window.onbeforeunload;
-        window.onbeforeunload = null;
+        context.inIntro(true);
 
         d3.select('.background-layer').style('opacity', 1);
 
@@ -25143,7 +26310,7 @@ iD.ui.intro = function(context) {
             context.background().baseLayerSource(background);
             if (history) context.history().fromJSON(history);
             window.location.replace(hash);
-            window.onbeforeunload = beforeunload;
+            context.inIntro(false);
             d3.select('#bar button.save').on('click', save);
         });
 
@@ -25183,7 +26350,7 @@ iD.ui.intro = function(context) {
 };
 
 iD.ui.intro.pointBox = function(point, context) {
-    var rect = context.surface().node().getBoundingClientRect();
+    var rect = context.surfaceRect();
     point = context.projection(point);
     return {
         left: point[0] + rect.left - 30,
@@ -25195,7 +26362,7 @@ iD.ui.intro.pointBox = function(point, context) {
 
 iD.ui.intro.pad = function(box, padding, context) {
     if (box instanceof Array) {
-        var rect = context.surface().node().getBoundingClientRect();
+        var rect = context.surfaceRect();
         box = context.projection(box);
         box = {
             left: box[0] + rect.left,
@@ -25353,7 +26520,7 @@ iD.ui.modal = function(selection, blocking) {
         .attr('class', 'modal fillL col6');
 
         shaded.on('click.remove-modal', function() {
-            if (d3.event.target == this && !blocking) shaded.close();
+            if (d3.event.target === this && !blocking) shaded.close();
         });
 
     modal.append('button')
@@ -25426,12 +26593,12 @@ iD.ui.Modes = function(context) {
         context.on('enter.editor', function(entered) {
             buttons.classed('active', function(mode) { return entered.button === mode.button; });
             context.container()
-                .classed("mode-" + entered.id, true);
+                .classed('mode-' + entered.id, true);
         });
 
         context.on('exit.editor', function(exited) {
             context.container()
-                .classed("mode-" + exited.id, false);
+                .classed('mode-' + exited.id, false);
         });
 
         var keybinding = d3.keybinding('mode-buttons');
@@ -25518,6 +26685,20 @@ iD.ui.preset = function(context) {
             return t;
         };
 
+        field.present = function() {
+            return _.any(field.keys, function(key) {
+                return tags[key];
+            });
+        };
+
+        field.remove = function() {
+            var t = {};
+            field.keys.forEach(function(key) {
+                t[key] = undefined;
+            });
+            return t;
+        };
+
         return field;
     }
 
@@ -25570,21 +26751,35 @@ iD.ui.preset = function(context) {
             .attr('for', function(field) { return 'preset-input-' + field.id; })
             .text(function(field) { return field.label(); });
 
-        $label.append('button')
-            .attr('class', 'modified-icon minor')
+        var wrap = $label.append('div')
+            .attr('class', 'form-label-button-wrap');
+
+        wrap.append('button')
+            .attr('class', 'remove-icon')
+            .append('span').attr('class', 'icon delete');
+
+        wrap.append('button')
+            .attr('class', 'modified-icon')
             .attr('tabindex', -1)
             .append('div')
             .attr('class', 'icon undo');
 
         // Update
 
+        $fields.select('.form-label-button-wrap .remove-icon')
+            .on('click', remove);
+
         $fields.select('.modified-icon')
             .on('click', revert);
 
         $fields
+            .order()
             .classed('modified', function(field) {
                 return field.modified();
             })
+            .classed('present', function(field) {
+                return field.present();
+            })
             .each(function(field) {
                 var reference = iD.ui.TagReference({key: field.key});
 
@@ -25595,7 +26790,7 @@ iD.ui.preset = function(context) {
                 d3.select(this)
                     .call(field.input)
                     .call(reference.body)
-                    .select('.form-label')
+                    .select('.form-label-button-wrap')
                     .call(reference.button);
 
                 field.input.tags(tags);
@@ -25638,6 +26833,12 @@ iD.ui.preset = function(context) {
             d3.event.preventDefault();
             event.change(field.revert());
         }
+
+        function remove(field) {
+            d3.event.stopPropagation();
+            d3.event.preventDefault();
+            event.change(field.remove());
+        }
     }
 
     presets.preset = function(_) {
@@ -25834,7 +27035,7 @@ iD.ui.PresetList = function(context) {
 
     function drawList(list, presets) {
         var collection = presets.collection.map(function(preset) {
-            return preset.members ? CategoryItem(preset) : PresetItem(preset)
+            return preset.members ? CategoryItem(preset) : PresetItem(preset);
         });
 
         var items = list.selectAll('.preset-list-item')
@@ -25944,7 +27145,7 @@ iD.ui.PresetList = function(context) {
         };
 
         item.preset = preset;
-        item.reference = iD.ui.TagReference(preset.reference());
+        item.reference = iD.ui.TagReference(preset.reference(context.geometry(id)));
 
         return item;
     }
@@ -25991,7 +27192,7 @@ iD.ui.RadialMenu = function(context, operations) {
 
         menu = selection.append('g')
             .attr('class', 'radial-menu')
-            .attr('transform', "translate(" + center + ")")
+            .attr('transform', 'translate(' + center + ')')
             .attr('opacity', 0);
 
         menu.transition()
@@ -26006,7 +27207,7 @@ iD.ui.RadialMenu = function(context, operations) {
             .attr('class', 'radial-menu-background')
             .attr('d', 'M' + r * Math.sin(a0) + ',' +
                              r * Math.cos(a0) +
-                      ' A' + r + ',' + r + ' 0 0,0 ' +
+                      ' A' + r + ',' + r + ' 0 ' + (operations.length > 5 ? '1' : '0') + ',0 ' +
                              (r * Math.sin(a1) + 1e-3) + ',' +
                              (r * Math.cos(a1) + 1e-3)) // Force positive-length path (#1305)
             .attr('stroke-width', 50)
@@ -26025,6 +27226,7 @@ iD.ui.RadialMenu = function(context, operations) {
             .attr('r', 15)
             .classed('disabled', function(d) { return d.disabled(); })
             .on('click', click)
+            .on('mousedown', mousedown)
             .on('mouseover', mouseover)
             .on('mouseout', mouseout);
 
@@ -26037,19 +27239,39 @@ iD.ui.RadialMenu = function(context, operations) {
             .append('div')
             .attr('class', 'tooltip-inner radial-menu-tooltip');
 
+        function mousedown() {
+            d3.event.stopPropagation(); // https://github.com/systemed/iD/issues/1869
+        }
+
         function mouseover(d, i) {
-            // Avoid getBoundingClientRect on SVG element; browser implementations
-            // differ: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18153989/
-            var rect = context.surface().node().parentNode.getBoundingClientRect(),
+            var rect = context.surfaceRect(),
                 angle = a0 + i * a,
-                dx = rect.left - (angle < 0 ? 200 : 0),
-                dy = rect.top;
+                top = rect.top + (r + 25) * Math.cos(angle) + center[1] + 'px',
+                left = rect.left + (r + 25) * Math.sin(angle) + center[0] + 'px',
+                bottom = rect.height - (r + 25) * Math.cos(angle) - center[1] + 'px',
+                right = rect.width - (r + 25) * Math.sin(angle) - center[0] + 'px';
 
             tooltip
-                .style('left', (r + 25) * Math.sin(angle) + dx + center[0] + 'px')
-                .style('top', (r + 25) * Math.cos(angle) + dy + center[1]+ 'px')
+                .style('top', null)
+                .style('left', null)
+                .style('bottom', null)
+                .style('right', null)
                 .style('display', 'block')
                 .html(iD.ui.tooltipHtml(d.tooltip(), d.keys[0]));
+
+            if (i === 0) {
+                tooltip
+                    .style('right', right)
+                    .style('top', top);
+            } else if (i >= 4) {
+                tooltip
+                    .style('left', left)
+                    .style('bottom', bottom);
+            } else {
+                tooltip
+                    .style('left', left)
+                    .style('top', top);
+            }
         }
 
         function mouseout() {
@@ -26081,6 +27303,7 @@ iD.ui.RawMemberEditor = function(context) {
     var id;
 
     function selectMember(d) {
+        d3.event.preventDefault();
         context.enter(iD.modes.Select(context, [d.id]));
     }
 
@@ -26137,7 +27360,8 @@ iD.ui.RawMemberEditor = function(context) {
                 });
 
             var $enter = $items.enter().append('li')
-                .attr('class', 'member-row form-field');
+                .attr('class', 'member-row form-field')
+                .classed('member-incomplete', function(d) { return !d.member; });
 
             $enter.each(function(d) {
                 if (d.member) {
@@ -26157,7 +27381,7 @@ iD.ui.RawMemberEditor = function(context) {
 
                 } else {
                     d3.select(this).append('label')
-                        .attr('class', 'form-label member-incomplete')
+                        .attr('class', 'form-label')
                         .text(t('inspector.incomplete'));
                 }
             });
@@ -26194,6 +27418,7 @@ iD.ui.RawMembershipEditor = function(context) {
     var id, showBlank;
 
     function selectRelation(d) {
+        d3.event.preventDefault();
         context.enter(iD.modes.Select(context, [d.relation.id]));
     }
 
@@ -26238,7 +27463,7 @@ iD.ui.RawMembershipEditor = function(context) {
             graph = context.graph();
 
         context.intersects(context.extent()).forEach(function(entity) {
-            if (entity.type !== 'relation')
+            if (entity.type !== 'relation' || entity.id === id)
                 return;
 
             var presetName = context.presets().match(entity, graph).name(),
@@ -26266,7 +27491,7 @@ iD.ui.RawMembershipEditor = function(context) {
                 if (member.id === entity.id) {
                     memberships.push({relation: relation, member: member, index: index});
                 }
-            })
+            });
         });
 
         selection.call(iD.ui.Disclosure()
@@ -26626,12 +27851,12 @@ iD.ui.Restore = function(context) {
         introModal.append('div')
             .attr('class', 'modal-section')
             .append('h3')
-                .text(t('restore.heading'));
+            .text(t('restore.heading'));
 
         introModal.append('div')
             .attr('class','modal-section')
             .append('p')
-                .text(t('restore.description'));
+            .text(t('restore.description'));
 
         var buttonWrap = introModal.append('div')
             .attr('class', 'modal-actions cf');
@@ -26654,8 +27879,6 @@ iD.ui.Restore = function(context) {
 
         restore.node().focus();
     };
-        modal.select('button.close').attr('class','hide');
-
 };
 iD.ui.Save = function(context) {
     var history = context.history(),
@@ -26701,13 +27924,13 @@ iD.ui.Save = function(context) {
         var numChanges = 0;
 
         context.history().on('change.save', function() {
-            var _ = history.numChanges();
+            var _ = history.difference().summary().length;
             if (_ === numChanges)
                 return;
             numChanges = _;
 
             tooltip.title(iD.ui.tooltipHtml(t(numChanges > 0 ?
-                    'save.help' : 'save.no_changes'), key))
+                    'save.help' : 'save.no_changes'), key));
 
             button
                 .classed('disabled', numChanges === 0)
@@ -26723,6 +27946,75 @@ iD.ui.Save = function(context) {
         });
     };
 };
+iD.ui.SelectionList = function(context, selectedIDs) {
+
+    function selectionList(selection) {
+        selection.classed('selection-list-pane', true);
+
+        var header = selection.append('div')
+            .attr('class', 'header fillL cf');
+
+        header.append('h3')
+            .text(t('inspector.multiselect'));
+
+        var listWrap = selection.append('div')
+            .attr('class', 'inspector-body');
+
+        var list = listWrap.append('div')
+            .attr('class', 'feature-list cf');
+
+        context.history().on('change.selection-list', drawList);
+        drawList();
+
+        function drawList() {
+            var entities = selectedIDs
+                .map(function(id) { return context.hasEntity(id); })
+                .filter(function(entity) { return entity; });
+
+            var items = list.selectAll('.feature-list-item')
+                .data(entities, iD.Entity.key);
+
+            var enter = items.enter().append('button')
+                .attr('class', 'feature-list-item')
+                .on('click', function(entity) {
+                    context.enter(iD.modes.Select(context, [entity.id]));
+                });
+
+            // Enter
+
+            var label = enter.append('div')
+                .attr('class', 'label');
+
+            label.append('span')
+                .attr('class', 'icon icon-pre-text');
+
+            label.append('span')
+                .attr('class', 'entity-type');
+
+            label.append('span')
+                .attr('class', 'entity-name');
+
+            // Update
+
+            items.selectAll('.icon')
+                .attr('class', function(entity) { return context.geometry(entity.id) + ' icon icon-pre-text'; });
+
+            items.selectAll('.entity-type')
+                .text(function(entity) { return context.presets().match(entity, context.graph()).name(); });
+
+            items.selectAll('.entity-name')
+                .text(function(entity) { return iD.util.displayName(entity); });
+
+            // Exit
+
+            items.exit()
+                .remove();
+        }
+    }
+
+    return selectionList;
+
+};
 iD.ui.Sidebar = function(context) {
     var inspector = iD.ui.Inspector(context),
         current;
@@ -26957,13 +28249,13 @@ iD.ui.Success = function(context) {
             .attr('class', 'fr')
             .append('span')
             .attr('class', 'icon close')
-            .on('click', function() { event.cancel(success) });
+            .on('click', function() { event.cancel(success); });
 
         header.append('h3')
             .text(t('success.just_edited'));
 
         var body = selection.append('div')
-            .attr('class', 'body save-success');
+            .attr('class', 'body save-success fillL');
 
         body.append('p')
             .html(t('success.help_html'));
@@ -27054,7 +28346,7 @@ iD.ui.TagReference = function(tag) {
                 body
                     .append('img')
                     .attr('class', 'wiki-image')
-                    .attr('src', docs.image.thumb_url_prefix + "100" + docs.image.thumb_url_suffix)
+                    .attr('src', docs.image.thumb_url_prefix + '100' + docs.image.thumb_url_suffix)
                     .on('load', function() { show(); })
                     .on('error', function() { d3.select(this).remove(); show(); });
             } else {
@@ -27107,7 +28399,7 @@ iD.ui.TagReference = function(tag) {
 
         var enter = button.enter().append('button')
             .attr('tabindex', -1)
-            .attr('class', 'tag-reference-button minor');
+            .attr('class', 'tag-reference-button');
 
         enter.append('span')
             .attr('class', 'icon inspect');
@@ -27298,7 +28590,7 @@ iD.ui.Zoom = function(context) {
             .call(keybinding);
     };
 };
-iD.ui.preset.access = function(field, context) {
+iD.ui.preset.access = function(field) {
     var event = d3.dispatch('change'),
         entity,
         items;
@@ -27328,7 +28620,6 @@ iD.ui.preset.access = function(field, context) {
             .attr('class', 'col6 preset-input-access-wrap')
             .append('input')
             .attr('type', 'text')
-            .attr('placeholder', field.placeholder())
             .attr('class', 'preset-input-access')
             .attr('id', function(d) { return 'preset-input-access-' + d; })
             .each(function(d) {
@@ -27353,7 +28644,7 @@ iD.ui.preset.access = function(field, context) {
     access.options = function(type) {
         var options = ['no', 'permissive', 'private', 'designated', 'destination'];
 
-        if (type != 'access') {
+        if (type !== 'access') {
             options.unshift('yes');
         }
 
@@ -27373,7 +28664,10 @@ iD.ui.preset.access = function(field, context) {
 
     access.tags = function(tags) {
         items.selectAll('.preset-input-access')
-            .value(function(d) { return tags[d] || ''; });
+            .value(function(d) { return tags[d] || ''; })
+            .attr('placeholder', function(d) {
+                return d !== 'access' && tags.access ? tags.access : field.placeholder();
+            });
     };
 
     access.focus = function() {
@@ -27393,7 +28687,6 @@ iD.ui.preset.address = function(field, context) {
         entity;
 
     function getStreets() {
-
         var extent = entity.extent(context.graph()),
             l = extent.center(),
             box = iD.geo.Extent(l).padByMeters(200);
@@ -27419,6 +28712,62 @@ iD.ui.preset.address = function(field, context) {
         }
     }
 
+    function getCities() {
+        var extent = entity.extent(context.graph()),
+            l = extent.center(),
+            box = iD.geo.Extent(l).padByMeters(200);
+
+        return context.intersects(box)
+            .filter(isAddressable)
+            .map(function(d) {
+                return {
+                    title: d.tags['addr:city'] || d.tags.name,
+                    value: d.tags['addr:city'] || d.tags.name,
+                    dist: iD.geo.sphericalDistance(d.extent(context.graph()).center(), l)
+                };
+            }).sort(function(a, b) {
+                return a.dist - b.dist;
+            });
+
+        function isAddressable(d) {
+            if (d.tags.name &&
+                (d.tags.admin_level === '8' || d.tags.border_type === 'city'))
+                return true;
+
+            if (d.tags.place && d.tags.name && (
+                    d.tags.place === 'city' ||
+                    d.tags.place === 'town' ||
+                    d.tags.place === 'village'))
+                return true;
+
+            if (d.tags['addr:city']) return true;
+
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    function getPostCodes() {
+        var extent = entity.extent(context.graph()),
+            l = extent.center(),
+            box = iD.geo.Extent(l).padByMeters(200);
+
+        return context.intersects(box)
+            .filter(isAddressable)
+            .map(function(d) {
+                return {
+                    title: d.tags['addr:postcode'],
+                    value: d.tags['addr:postcode'],
+                    dist: iD.geo.sphericalDistance(d.extent(context.graph()).center(), l)
+                };
+            }).sort(function(a, b) {
+                return a.dist - b.dist;
+            });
+
+        function isAddressable(d) {
+            return d.tags['addr:postcode'];
+        }
+    }
+
     function address(selection) {
         var wrap = selection.selectAll('.preset-input-wrap')
             .data([0]);
@@ -27471,6 +28820,18 @@ iD.ui.preset.address = function(field, context) {
                 .fetcher(function(value, callback) {
                     callback(getStreets());
                 }));
+
+        city
+            .call(d3.combobox()
+                .fetcher(function(value, callback) {
+                    callback(getCities());
+                }));
+
+        postcode
+            .call(d3.combobox()
+                .fetcher(function(value, callback) {
+                    callback(getPostCodes());
+                }));
     }
 
     function change() {
@@ -27544,7 +28905,7 @@ iD.ui.preset.check = function(field) {
         value = tags[field.key];
         box.property('indeterminate', !value);
         box.property('checked', value === 'yes');
-        text.text(value || t('inspector.unknown'));
+        text.text(value ? t('inspector.check.' + value, {default: value}) : t('inspector.unknown'));
         label.classed('set', !!value);
     };
 
@@ -27554,7 +28915,8 @@ iD.ui.preset.check = function(field) {
 
     return d3.rebind(check, event, 'on');
 };
-iD.ui.preset.combo = function(field) {
+iD.ui.preset.combo =
+iD.ui.preset.typeCombo = function(field) {
     var event = d3.dispatch('change'),
         input;
 
@@ -27599,13 +28961,18 @@ iD.ui.preset.combo = function(field) {
     }
 
     function change() {
+        var value = input.value().replace(' ', '_');
+        if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && !value) value = 'yes';
+
         var t = {};
-        t[field.key] = input.value().replace(' ', '_') || undefined;
+        t[field.key] = value || undefined;
         event.change(t);
     }
 
     combo.tags = function(tags) {
-        input.value(tags[field.key] || '');
+        var value = tags[field.key] || '';
+        if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && value === 'yes') value = '';
+        input.value(value);
     };
 
     combo.focus = function() {
@@ -27666,7 +29033,7 @@ iD.ui.preset.url = function(field) {
             .on('blur', change)
             .on('change', change);
 
-        if (field.type == 'number') {
+        if (field.type === 'number') {
             input.attr('type', 'text');
 
             var spinControl = selection.selectAll('.spin-control')
@@ -27709,7 +29076,7 @@ iD.ui.preset.url = function(field) {
 
     return d3.rebind(i, event, 'on');
 };
-iD.ui.preset.localized = function(field, context) {
+iD.ui.preset.localized = function(field) {
 
     var event = d3.dispatch('change'),
         wikipedia = iD.wikipedia(),
@@ -27766,35 +29133,38 @@ iD.ui.preset.localized = function(field, context) {
     function key(lang) { return field.key + ':' + lang; }
 
     function changeLang(d) {
-        var value = d3.select(this).value(),
+        var lang = d3.select(this).value(),
             t = {},
             language = _.find(iD.data.wikipedia, function(d) {
-                return d[0].toLowerCase() === value.toLowerCase() ||
-                    d[1].toLowerCase() === value.toLowerCase();
+                return d[0].toLowerCase() === lang.toLowerCase() ||
+                    d[1].toLowerCase() === lang.toLowerCase();
             });
 
-        if (language) value = language[2];
+        if (language) lang = language[2];
 
-        if (d.lang) {
-            t[key(d.lang)] = '';
+        if (d.lang && d.lang !== lang) {
+            t[key(d.lang)] = undefined;
         }
 
-        if (d.value) {
-            t[key(value)] = d.value;
-        } else if (wikiTitles && wikiTitles[d.lang]) {
-            t[key(value)] = wikiTitles[d.lang];
+        var value = d3.select(this.parentNode)
+            .selectAll('.localized-value')
+            .value();
+
+        if (lang && value) {
+            t[key(lang)] = value;
+        } else if (lang && wikiTitles && wikiTitles[d.lang]) {
+            t[key(lang)] = wikiTitles[d.lang];
         }
 
+        d.lang = lang;
         event.change(t);
-
-        d.lang = value;
     }
 
     function changeValue(d) {
+        if (!d.lang) return;
         var t = {};
-        t[key(d.lang)] = d3.select(this).value() || '';
+        t[key(d.lang)] = d3.select(this).value() || undefined;
         event.change(t);
-
     }
 
     function fetcher(value, cb) {
@@ -27816,16 +29186,33 @@ iD.ui.preset.localized = function(field, context) {
         var innerWrap = wraps.enter()
             .insert('div', ':first-child');
 
-            innerWrap.attr('class', 'entry')
-            .each(function(d) {
+        innerWrap.attr('class', 'entry')
+            .each(function() {
                 var wrap = d3.select(this);
                 var langcombo = d3.combobox().fetcher(fetcher);
 
-                wrap.append('label')
+                var label = wrap.append('label')
                     .attr('class','form-label')
                     .text(t('translate.localized_translation_label'))
                     .attr('for','localized-lang');
 
+                label.append('button')
+                    .attr('class', 'minor remove')
+                    .on('click', function(d){
+                        d3.event.preventDefault();
+                        var t = {};
+                        t[key(d.lang)] = undefined;
+                        event.change(t);
+                        d3.select(this.parentNode.parentNode)
+                            .style('top','0')
+                            .style('max-height','240px')
+                            .transition()
+                            .style('opacity', '0')
+                            .style('max-height','0px')
+                            .remove();
+                    })
+                    .append('span').attr('class', 'icon delete');
+
                 wrap.append('input')
                     .attr('class', 'localized-lang')
                     .attr('type', 'text')
@@ -27840,43 +29227,22 @@ iD.ui.preset.localized = function(field, context) {
                     .attr('type', 'text')
                     .attr('placeholder', t('translate.localized_translation_name'))
                     .attr('class', 'localized-value');
-
-                wrap.append('button')
-                    .attr('class', 'minor button-input-action remove')
-                    .on('click', function(d) {
-                        d3.event.preventDefault();
-                        var t = {};
-                        t[key(d.lang)] = undefined;
-                        event.change(t);
-                        d3.select(this.parentNode)
-                            .style('top','0')
-                            .style('max-height','240px')
-                            .transition()
-                            .style('opacity', '0')
-                            .style('max-height','0px')
-                            .remove();
-                    })
-                    .append('span').attr('class', 'icon delete');
-
             });
 
-        innerWrap.transition()
-            .style('margin-top','0px')
+        innerWrap
+            .style('margin-top', '0px')
             .style('max-height', '0px')
-            .style('padding', '0px')
             .style('opacity', '0')
-            .style('border-width', '0px')
             .transition()
             .duration(200)
-            .style('margin-top','10px')
-            .style('border-width', '1px')
-            .style('padding', '10px')
+            .style('margin-top', '10px')
             .style('max-height', '240px')
             .style('opacity', '1')
-            .each('end', function(d) {
-                d3.select(this).style('max-height', '');
-                d3.select(this).style('overflow', 'visible');
-            });;
+            .each('end', function() {
+                d3.select(this)
+                    .style('max-height', '')
+                    .style('overflow', 'visible');
+            });
 
         wraps.exit()
             .transition()
@@ -27886,16 +29252,16 @@ iD.ui.preset.localized = function(field, context) {
             .style('top','-10px')
             .remove();
 
-        selection.selectAll('.entry').select('.localized-lang').value(function(d) {
-            var lang = _.find(iD.data.wikipedia, function(lang) {
-                return lang[2] === d.lang;
+        var entry = selection.selectAll('.entry');
+
+        entry.select('.localized-lang')
+            .value(function(d) {
+                var lang = _.find(iD.data.wikipedia, function(lang) { return lang[2] === d.lang; });
+                return lang ? lang[1] : d.lang;
             });
-            return lang ? lang[1] : d.lang;
-        });
 
-        selection.selectAll('.entry').select('.localized-value').value(function(d) {
-            return d.value;
-        });
+        entry.select('.localized-value')
+            .value(function(d) { return d.value; });
     }
 
     i.tags = function(tags) {
@@ -27925,7 +29291,7 @@ iD.ui.preset.localized = function(field, context) {
     };
 
     i.focus = function() {
-        title.node().focus();
+        input.node().focus();
     };
 
     return d3.rebind(i, event, 'on');
@@ -28044,7 +29410,7 @@ iD.ui.preset.maxspeed = function(field, context) {
 iD.ui.preset.radio = function(field) {
 
     var event = d3.dispatch('change'),
-        labels, radios;
+        labels, radios, placeholder;
 
     function radio(selection) {
         selection.classed('preset-radio', true);
@@ -28055,6 +29421,11 @@ iD.ui.preset.radio = function(field) {
         var buttonWrap = wrap.enter().append('div')
             .attr('class', 'preset-input-wrap toggle-list');
 
+        buttonWrap.append('span')
+            .attr('class', 'placeholder');
+
+        placeholder = selection.selectAll('.placeholder');
+
         labels = wrap.selectAll('label')
             .data(field.options || field.keys);
 
@@ -28071,29 +29442,6 @@ iD.ui.preset.radio = function(field) {
 
         radios = labels.selectAll('input')
             .on('change', change);
-
-        buttonWrap.append('span')
-            .attr('class', 'placeholder')
-            .text(field.placeholder());
-
-        var remove = wrap.selectAll('label.remove')
-            .data([0]);
-
-        var removeButton = remove.enter().append('label')
-            .attr('class', 'remove');
-
-        removeButton.append('span')
-            .attr('class', 'icon remove');
-
-        removeButton.append('span')
-            .text(t('inspector.remove'));
-
-        remove
-            .on('click', function() {
-                d3.event.preventDefault();
-                radios.property('checked', false);
-                change();
-            });
     }
 
     function change() {
@@ -28121,6 +29469,12 @@ iD.ui.preset.radio = function(field) {
 
         labels.classed('active', checked);
         radios.property('checked', checked);
+        var selection = radios.filter(function() { return this.checked; });
+        if (selection.empty()) {
+            placeholder.text(t('inspector.none'));
+        } else {
+            placeholder.text(selection.attr('value'));
+        }
     };
 
     radio.focus = function() {
@@ -28168,7 +29522,6 @@ iD.ui.preset.wikipedia = function(field, context) {
 
     var event = d3.dispatch('change'),
         wikipedia = iD.wikipedia(),
-        language = iD.data.wikipedia[0],
         link, entity, lang, title;
 
     function i(selection) {
@@ -28192,7 +29545,7 @@ iD.ui.preset.wikipedia = function(field, context) {
                 if (!value) value = context.entity(entity.id).tags.name || '';
                 var searchfn = value.length > 7 ? wikipedia.search : wikipedia.suggestions;
 
-                searchfn(language && language[2], value, function(query, data) {
+                searchfn(language()[2], value, function(query, data) {
                     cb(data.map(function(d) {
                         return { value: d };
                     }));
@@ -28204,7 +29557,8 @@ iD.ui.preset.wikipedia = function(field, context) {
 
         lang.enter().append('input')
             .attr('type', 'text')
-            .attr('class', 'wiki-lang');
+            .attr('class', 'wiki-lang')
+            .value('English');
 
         lang
             .on('blur', changeLang)
@@ -28234,63 +29588,53 @@ iD.ui.preset.wikipedia = function(field, context) {
             .attr('class', 'icon out-link');
     }
 
-    function changeLang() {
+    function language() {
         var value = lang.value().toLowerCase();
-        language = _.find(iD.data.wikipedia, function(d) {
+        return _.find(iD.data.wikipedia, function(d) {
             return d[0].toLowerCase() === value ||
                 d[1].toLowerCase() === value ||
                 d[2].toLowerCase() === value;
         }) || iD.data.wikipedia[0];
+    }
 
-        if (value !== language[0]) {
-            lang.value(language[1]);
-        }
-
+    function changeLang() {
+        lang.value(language()[1]);
         change();
     }
 
     function change() {
-        var t = {};
+        var value = title.value(),
+            m = value.match(/http:\/\/([a-z]+)\.wikipedia\.org\/wiki\/(.+)/),
+            l = m && _.find(iD.data.wikipedia, function(d) { return m[1] === d[2]; });
 
-        var value = title.value();
-
-        var m = value.match('http://([a-z]+)\\.wikipedia.org/wiki/(.*)'),
-            newlanguage = m && m[1] && m[2] && _.find(iD.data.wikipedia, function(d) {
-                return m[1] === d[2];
-            });
-
-        if (newlanguage) {
+        if (l) {
             // Normalize title http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API:Query#Title_normalization
             value = m[2].replace(/_/g, ' ');
             value = value.slice(0, 1).toUpperCase() + value.slice(1);
-            language = newlanguage;
-            lang.value(language[0]);
+            lang.value(l[1]);
+            title.value(value);
         }
 
-        t[field.key] = value ? language[2] + ':' + value : undefined;
+        var t = {};
+        t[field.key] = value ? language()[2] + ':' + value : undefined;
         event.change(t);
-        link.attr('href', 'http://' + language[2] + '.wikipedia.org/wiki/' + (value || ''));
     }
 
     i.tags = function(tags) {
-        var m = tags[field.key] ? tags[field.key].match(/([^:]+):(.+)/) : null;
-
-        var language = m && m[1] && m[2] && _.find(iD.data.wikipedia, function(d) {
-            return m[1] === d[2];
-        });
+        var value = tags[field.key] || '',
+            m = value.match(/([^:]+):(.+)/),
+            l = m && _.find(iD.data.wikipedia, function(d) { return m[1] === d[2]; });
 
         // value in correct format
-        if (language) {
-            lang.value(language[1]);
+        if (l) {
+            lang.value(l[1]);
             title.value(m[2]);
             link.attr('href', 'http://' + m[1] + '.wikipedia.org/wiki/' + m[2]);
 
         // unrecognized value format
         } else {
-            lang.value('English');
-            title.value(tags[field.key] || '');
-            language = iD.data.wikipedia[0];
-            link.attr('href', 'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search?search=' + tags[field.key]);
+            title.value(value);
+            link.attr('href', 'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search?search=' + value);
         }
     };
 
@@ -28398,10 +29742,6 @@ iD.ui.intro.line = function(context, reveal) {
         title: 'intro.lines.title'
     };
 
-    function one(target, e, f) {
-        d3.selection.prototype.one.call(target, e, f);
-    }
-
     function timeout(f, t) {
         timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
     }
@@ -28410,11 +29750,11 @@ iD.ui.intro.line = function(context, reveal) {
 
         var centroid = [-85.62830, 41.95699];
         var midpoint = [-85.62975395449628, 41.95787501510204];
-        var start = [-85.6297754121684, 41.9583158176903];
+        var start = [-85.6297754121684, 41.95805253325314];
         var intersection = [-85.62974496187628, 41.95742515554585];
 
         context.map().centerZoom(start, 18);
-        reveal('button.add-line', t('intro.lines.add'), {tooltipClass: 'intro-areas-add'});
+        reveal('button.add-line', t('intro.lines.add'), {tooltipClass: 'intro-lines-add'});
 
         context.on('enter.intro', addLine);
 
@@ -28452,7 +29792,7 @@ iD.ui.intro.line = function(context, reveal) {
         // ended line before creating intersection
         function retry(mode) {
             if (mode.id !== 'select') return;
-            var pointBox = iD.ui.intro.pad(intersection, 30);
+            var pointBox = iD.ui.intro.pad(intersection, 30, context);
             reveal(pointBox, t('intro.lines.restart'));
             timeout(function() {
                 context.replace(iD.actions.DeleteMultiple(mode.selectedIDs()));
@@ -28486,6 +29826,10 @@ iD.ui.intro.line = function(context, reveal) {
             context.on('enter.intro', null);
             d3.select('#curtain').style('pointer-events', 'all');
 
+            presetCategory();
+        }
+
+        function presetCategory() {
             timeout(function() {
                 d3.select('#curtain').style('pointer-events', 'none');
                 var road = d3.select('.preset-category-road .preset-list-button');
@@ -28498,9 +29842,20 @@ iD.ui.intro.line = function(context, reveal) {
             timeout(function() {
                 var grid = d3.select('.subgrid');
                 reveal(grid.node(), t('intro.lines.residential'));
+                grid.selectAll(':not(.preset-highway-residential) .preset-list-button')
+                    .one('click.intro', retryPreset);
                 grid.selectAll('.preset-highway-residential .preset-list-button')
                     .one('click.intro', roadDetails);
-            }, 200);
+            }, 500);
+        }
+
+        // selected wrong road type
+        function retryPreset() {
+            timeout(function() {
+                var preset = d3.select('.entity-editor-pane .preset-list-button');
+                reveal(preset.node(), t('intro.lines.wrong_preset'));
+                preset.one('click.intro', presetCategory);
+            }, 500);
         }
 
         function roadDetails() {
@@ -28546,7 +29901,7 @@ iD.ui.intro.navigation = function(context, reveal) {
 
     step.enter = function() {
 
-        var rect = context.surface().node().getBoundingClientRect(),
+        var rect = context.surfaceRect(),
             map = {
                 left: rect.left + 10,
                 top: rect.top + 70,
@@ -29091,14 +30446,17 @@ iD.presets.Preset = function(id, preset, fields) {
         return Object.keys(preset.tags).length === 0;
     };
 
-    preset.reference = function() {
-        var reference = {key: Object.keys(preset.tags)[0]};
+    preset.reference = function(geometry) {
+        var key = Object.keys(preset.tags)[0],
+            value = preset.tags[key];
 
-        if (preset.tags[reference.key] !== '*') {
-            reference.value = preset.tags[reference.key];
+        if (geometry === 'relation' && key === 'type') {
+            return { rtype: value };
+        } else if (value === '*') {
+            return { key: key };
+        } else {
+            return { key: key, value: value };
         }
-
-        return reference;
     };
 
     var removeTags = preset.removeTags || preset.tags;
@@ -29115,7 +30473,7 @@ iD.presets.Preset = function(id, preset, fields) {
         return tags;
     };
 
-    var applyTags = preset.applyTags || preset.tags;
+    var applyTags = preset.addTags || preset.tags;
     preset.applyTags = function(tags, geometry) {
         tags = _.clone(tags);
 
@@ -29140,7 +30498,7 @@ iD.presets.Preset = function(id, preset, fields) {
     return preset;
 };
 iD.validate = function(changes, graph) {
-    var warnings = [], change;
+    var warnings = [];
 
     // https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/
     // openstreetmap/josm/data/validation/tests/UnclosedWays.java#L80
@@ -29163,20 +30521,16 @@ iD.validate = function(changes, graph) {
     }
 
     for (var i = 0; i < changes.created.length; i++) {
-        change = changes.created[i];
+        var change = changes.created[i],
+            geometry = change.geometry(graph);
 
-        if (change.geometry(graph) === 'point' && _.isEmpty(change.tags)) {
+        if ((geometry === 'point' || geometry === 'line' || geometry === 'area') && !change.isUsed(graph)) {
             warnings.push({
-                message: t('validations.untagged_point'),
+                message: t('validations.untagged_' + geometry),
                 entity: change
             });
         }
 
-        if (change.geometry(graph) === 'line' && _.isEmpty(change.tags) &&
-                graph.parentRelations(change).length === 0) {
-            warnings.push({ message: t('validations.untagged_line'), entity: change });
-        }
-
         var deprecatedTags = change.deprecatedTags();
         if (!_.isEmpty(deprecatedTags)) {
             warnings.push({
@@ -29185,11 +30539,7 @@ iD.validate = function(changes, graph) {
                 }), entity: change });
         }
 
-        if (change.geometry(graph) === 'area' && _.isEmpty(change.tags)) {
-            warnings.push({ message: t('validations.untagged_area'), entity: change });
-        }
-
-        if (change.geometry(graph) === 'line' && tagSuggestsArea(change)) {
+        if (geometry === 'line' && tagSuggestsArea(change)) {
             warnings.push({
                 message: t('validations.tag_suggests_area', {tag: tagSuggestsArea(change)}),
                 entity: change
@@ -29197,8 +30547,9 @@ iD.validate = function(changes, graph) {
         }
     }
 
-    return warnings.length ? [warnings] : [];
+    return warnings;
 };
+/* jshint ignore:start */
 })();
 window.locale = { _current: 'en' };
 
@@ -29348,6 +30699,8 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
     ],
     "discarded": [
         "created_by",
+        "odbl",
+        "odbl:note",
         "tiger:upload_uuid",
         "tiger:tlid",
         "tiger:source",
@@ -29355,8 +30708,30 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
         "geobase:datasetName",
         "geobase:uuid",
         "sub_sea:type",
-        "odbl",
-        "odbl:note",
+        "KSJ2:ADS",
+        "KSJ2:ARE",
+        "KSJ2:AdminArea",
+        "KSJ2:COP_label",
+        "KSJ2:DFD",
+        "KSJ2:INT",
+        "KSJ2:INT_label",
+        "KSJ2:LOC",
+        "KSJ2:LPN",
+        "KSJ2:OPC",
+        "KSJ2:PubFacAdmin",
+        "KSJ2:RAC",
+        "KSJ2:RAC_label",
+        "KSJ2:RIC",
+        "KSJ2:RIN",
+        "KSJ2:WSC",
+        "KSJ2:coordinate",
+        "KSJ2:curve_id",
+        "KSJ2:curve_type",
+        "KSJ2:filename",
+        "KSJ2:lake_id",
+        "KSJ2:lat",
+        "KSJ2:long",
+        "KSJ2:river_id",
         "yh:LINE_NAME",
         "yh:LINE_NUM",
         "yh:STRUCTURE",
@@ -29367,637 +30742,23530 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
     ],
     "imagery": [
         {
-            "name": "Bing aerial imagery",
-            "template": "http://ecn.t{t}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/a{u}.jpeg?g=587&mkt=en-gb&n=z",
-            "description": "Satellite imagery.",
-            "scaleExtent": [
-                0,
-                20
-            ],
-            "subdomains": [
-                "0",
-                "1",
-                "2",
-                "3"
-            ],
-            "default": true,
-            "sourcetag": "Bing",
-            "logo": "bing_maps.png",
-            "logo_url": "http://www.bing.com/maps",
-            "terms_url": "http://opengeodata.org/microsoft-imagery-details"
+            "name": "7th Series (OS7)",
+            "type": "tms",
+            "template": "http://ooc.openstreetmap.org/os7/{zoom}/{x}/{y}.jpg",
+            "polygon": [
+                [
+                    [
+                        -9,
+                        49.8
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        -9,
+                        61.1
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        1.9,
+                        61.1
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        1.9,
+                        49.8
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        -9,
+                        49.8
+                    ]
+                ]
+            ]
         },
         {
-            "name": "Locator Overlay",
-            "template": "http://{t}.tiles.mapbox.com/v3/openstreetmap.map-btyhiati/{z}/{x}/{y}.png",
-            "description": "Shows major features to help orient you.",
-            "overlay": true,
-            "default": true,
-            "scaleExtent": [
-                0,
-                16
-            ],
-            "subdomains": [
-                "a",
-                "b",
-                "c"
+            "name": "AGRI black-and-white 2.5m",
+            "type": "tms",
+            "template": "http://agri.openstreetmap.org/{zoom}/{x}/{y}.png",
+            "polygon": [
+                [
+                    [
+                        112.28778,
+                        -28.784589
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        112.71488,
+                        -31.13894
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        114.11263,
+                        -34.178287
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        113.60788,
+                        -37.39012
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        117.17992,
+                        -37.451794
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        119.31538,
+                        -37.42096
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        121.72262,
+                        -36.708394
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        123.81925,
+                        -35.76893
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        125.9547,
+                        -34.3066
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        127.97368,
+                        -33.727398
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        130.07031,
+                        -33.24166
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        130.10913,
+                        -33.888704
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        131.00214,
+                        -34.049705
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        131.0798,
+                        -34.72257
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        132.28342,
+                        -35.39
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        134.18591,
+                        -35.61126
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        133.8753,
+                        -37.1119
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        134.8459,
+                        -37.6365
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        139.7769,
+                        -37.82075
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        139.93223,
+                        -39.4283
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        141.6017,
+                        -39.8767
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        142.3783,
+                        -39.368294
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        142.3783,
+                        -40.64702
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        142.49478,
+                        -42.074874
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        144.009,
+                        -44.060127
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        147.23161,
+                        -44.03222
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        149.05645,
+                        -42.534313
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        149.52237,
+                        -40.99959
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        149.9494,
+                        -40.852921
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        150.8036,
+                        -38.09627
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        151.81313,
+                        -38.12682
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        156.20052,
+                        -22.667706
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        156.20052,
+                        -20.10109
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        156.62761,
+                        -17.417627
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        155.26869,
+                        -17.19521
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        154.14272,
+                        -19.51662
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        153.5215,
+                        -18.34139
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        153.05558,
+                        -16.5636
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        152.78379,
+                        -15.256768
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        152.27905,
+                        -13.4135
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        151.3472,
+                        -12.391767
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        149.48354,
+                        -12.05024
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        146.9598,
+                        -9.992408
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        135.9719,
+                        -9.992408
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        130.3032,
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+                    ],
                     [
-                        -125.8,
-                        24.2
+                        8.5321973,
+                        54.8663765
                     ],
                     [
-                        -62.3,
-                        49.5
+                        8.531432,
+                        54.95516
                     ]
                 ],
                 [
                     [
-                        -168.5,
-                        55.3
+                        11.4577738,
+                        56.819554
                     ],
                     [
-                        -140,
-                        71.5
-                    ]
-                ]
-            ],
-            "sourcetag": "NAIP"
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "Ireland - NLS Historic Maps",
-            "template": "http://geo.nls.uk/maps/ireland/gsgs4136/{z}/{x}/{y}.png",
-            "extents": [
-                [
+                        11.7849181,
+                        56.8127385
+                    ],
                     [
-                        -10.71,
-                        51.32
+                        11.7716715,
+                        56.6332796
                     ],
                     [
-                        -5.37,
-                        55.46
+                        11.4459621,
+                        56.6401087
                     ]
-                ]
-            ],
-            "sourcetag": "NLS Historic Maps",
-            "logo": "icons/logo_nls70-nq8.png",
-            "logo_url": "http://geo.nls.uk/maps/"
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "Denmark - Fugro Aerial Imagery",
-            "template": "http://tile.openstreetmap.dk/fugro2005/{z}/{x}/{y}.jpg",
-            "extents": [
+                ],
                 [
                     [
-                        7.81,
-                        54.44
+                        11.3274736,
+                        57.3612962
                     ],
                     [
-                        15.49,
-                        57.86
-                    ]
-                ]
-            ],
-            "sourcetag": "Fugro (2005)"
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "Denmark - Stevns Kommune",
-            "template": "http://tile.openstreetmap.dk/stevns/2009/{z}/{x}/{y}.jpg",
-            "extents": [
-                [
+                        11.3161808,
+                        57.1818004
+                    ],
                     [
-                        12.09144,
-                        55.23403
+                        11.1508692,
+                        57.1847276
                     ],
                     [
-                        12.47712,
-                        55.43647
-                    ]
-                ]
-            ],
-            "sourcetag": "Stevns Kommune (2009)"
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "Austria - geoimage.at",
-            "template": "http://geoimage.openstreetmap.at/4d80de696cd562a63ce463a58a61488d/{z}/{x}/{y}.jpg",
-            "extents": [
-                [
+                        11.1456628,
+                        57.094962
+                    ],
                     [
-                        9.36,
-                        46.33
+                        10.8157703,
+                        57.1001693
                     ],
                     [
-                        17.28,
-                        49.09
+                        10.8290599,
+                        57.3695272
                     ]
-                ]
-            ],
-            "sourcetag": "geoimage.at"
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "Russia - Kosmosnimki.ru IRS Satellite",
-            "template": "http://irs.gis-lab.info/?layers=irs&request=GetTile&z={z}&x={x}&y={y}",
-            "extents": [
+                ],
                 [
                     [
-                        19.02,
-                        40.96
+                        11.5843266,
+                        56.2777928
                     ],
                     [
-                        77.34,
-                        70.48
-                    ]
-                ]
-            ],
-            "sourcetag": "Kosmosnimki.ru IRS"
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "Belarus - Kosmosnimki.ru SPOT4 Satellite",
-            "template": "http://irs.gis-lab.info/?layers=spot&request=GetTile&z={z}&x={x}&y={y}",
-            "extents": [
-                [
+                        11.5782882,
+                        56.1880397
+                    ],
                     [
-                        23.16,
-                        51.25
+                        11.7392309,
+                        56.1845765
                     ],
                     [
-                        32.83,
-                        56.19
+                        11.7456428,
+                        56.2743186
                     ]
-                ]
-            ],
-            "sourcetag": "Kosmosnimki.ru SPOT4"
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "Australia - Geographic Reference Image",
-            "template": "http://agri.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png",
-            "extents": [
+                ],
                 [
                     [
-                        96,
-                        -44
+                        14.6825922,
+                        55.3639405
                     ],
                     [
-                        168,
-                        -9
-                    ]
-                ]
-            ],
-            "sourcetag": "AGRI"
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "Switzerland - Canton Aargau - AGIS 25cm 2011",
-            "template": "http://tiles.poole.ch/AGIS/OF2011/{z}/{x}/{y}.png",
-            "extents": [
-                [
+                        14.8395247,
+                        55.3565231
+                    ],
                     [
-                        7.69,
-                        47.13
+                        14.8263755,
+                        55.2671261
                     ],
                     [
-                        8.48,
-                        47.63
-                    ]
-                ]
-            ],
-            "sourcetag": "AGIS OF2011"
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "Switzerland - Canton Solothurn - SOGIS 2007",
-            "template": "http://mapproxy.sosm.ch:8080/tiles/sogis2007/EPSG900913/{z}/{x}/{y}.png?origin=nw",
-            "extents": [
-                [
+                        15.1393406,
+                        55.2517359
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        15.1532015,
+                        55.3410836
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        15.309925,
+                        55.3330556
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        15.295719,
+                        55.2437356
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        15.1393406,
+                        55.2517359
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        15.1255631,
+                        55.1623802
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        15.2815819,
+                        55.1544167
+                    ],
                     [
-                        7.33,
-                        47.06
+                        15.2535578,
+                        54.9757646
                     ],
                     [
-                        8.04,
-                        47.5
+                        14.6317464,
+                        55.0062496
                     ]
                 ]
             ],
-            "sourcetag": "Orthofoto 2007 WMS Solothurn"
+            "terms_url": "http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Vejmidte",
+            "terms_text": "Danish municipalities"
         },
         {
-            "name": "Poland - Media-Lab fleet GPS masstracks",
-            "template": "http://masstracks.media-lab.com.pl/{z}/{x}/{y}.png",
-            "extents": [
+            "name": "Vienna: Beschriftungen (annotations)",
+            "type": "tms",
+            "template": "http://www.wien.gv.at/wmts/beschriftung/normal/google3857/{zoom}/{y}/{x}.png",
+            "scaleExtent": [
+                0,
+                19
+            ],
+            "polygon": [
                 [
                     [
-                        14,
-                        48.9
+                        16.17,
+                        48.1
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        16.17,
+                        48.33
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        16.58,
+                        48.33
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        16.58,
+                        48.1
                     ],
                     [
-                        24.2,
-                        55
+                        16.17,
+                        48.1
                     ]
                 ]
             ],
-            "sourcetag": "masstracks"
+            "terms_url": "http://data.wien.gv.at/",
+            "terms_text": "Stadt Wien"
         },
         {
-            "name": "South Africa - CD:NGI Aerial",
-            "template": "http://{t}.aerial.openstreetmap.org.za/ngi-aerial/{z}/{x}/{y}.jpg",
-            "subdomains": [
-                "a",
-                "b",
-                "c"
-            ],
-            "extents": [
+            "name": "Vienna: Mehrzweckkarte (general purpose)",
+            "type": "tms",
+            "template": "http://www.wien.gv.at/wmts/fmzk/pastell/google3857/{zoom}/{y}/{x}.jpeg",
+            "scaleExtent": [
+                0,
+                19
+            ],
+            "polygon": [
                 [
                     [
-                        17.64,
-                        -34.95
+                        16.17,
+                        48.1
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        16.17,
+                        48.33
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        16.58,
+                        48.33
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        16.58,
+                        48.1
                     ],
                     [
-                        32.87,
-                        -22.05
+                        16.17,
+                        48.1
                     ]
                 ]
             ],
-            "sourcetag": "ngi-aerial"
+            "terms_url": "http://data.wien.gv.at/",
+            "terms_text": "Stadt Wien"
         },
         {
-            "name": "Lithuania - ORT10LT",
-            "template": "http://mapproxy.openmap.lt/ort10lt/g/{z}/{x}/{y}.jpeg",
-            "extents": [
+            "name": "Vienna: Orthofoto (aerial image)",
+            "type": "tms",
+            "template": "http://www.wien.gv.at/wmts/lb/farbe/google3857/{zoom}/{y}/{x}.jpeg",
+            "scaleExtent": [
+                0,
+                19
+            ],
+            "polygon": [
                 [
                     [
-                        21,
-                        53.88
+                        16.17,
+                        48.1
                     ],
                     [
-                        26.85,
-                        56.45
+                        16.17,
+                        48.33
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        16.58,
+                        48.33
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        16.58,
+                        48.1
+                    ],
+                    [
+                        16.17,
+                        48.1
                     ]
                 ]
             ],
-            "scaleExtent": [
-                4,
-                18
-            ],
-            "sourcetag": "NŽT ORT10LT"
+            "terms_url": "http://data.wien.gv.at/",
+            "terms_text": "Stadt Wien"
         }
     ],
     "wikipedia": [
@@ -31439,6 +55707,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "tags": {
                     "addr:housenumber": "*"
                 },
+                "addTags": {},
                 "matchScore": 0.2,
                 "name": "Address"
             },
@@ -31600,6 +55869,25 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 },
                 "name": "Amenity"
             },
+            "amenity/arts_centre": {
+                "name": "Arts Center",
+                "geometry": [
+                    "point",
+                    "area"
+                ],
+                "terms": [
+                    "arts",
+                    "arts centre"
+                ],
+                "tags": {
+                    "amenity": "arts_centre"
+                },
+                "icon": "theatre",
+                "fields": [
+                    "building_area",
+                    "address"
+                ]
+            },
             "amenity/atm": {
                 "icon": "bank",
                 "fields": [
@@ -31680,6 +55968,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "tags": {
                     "amenity": "bench"
                 },
+                "fields": [
+                    "backrest"
+                ],
                 "name": "Bench"
             },
             "amenity/bicycle_parking": {
@@ -31716,6 +56007,19 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 },
                 "name": "Bicycle Rental"
             },
+            "amenity/boat_rental": {
+                "geometry": [
+                    "point",
+                    "area"
+                ],
+                "tags": {
+                    "amenity": "boat_rental"
+                },
+                "fields": [
+                    "operator"
+                ],
+                "name": "Boat Rental"
+            },
             "amenity/cafe": {
                 "icon": "cafe",
                 "fields": [
@@ -31954,6 +56258,15 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "vertex",
                     "area"
                 ],
+                "terms": [
+                    "petrol",
+                    "fuel",
+                    "propane",
+                    "diesel",
+                    "lng",
+                    "cng",
+                    "biodiesel"
+                ],
                 "tags": {
                     "amenity": "fuel"
                 },
@@ -32370,7 +56683,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 ],
                 "terms": [
                     "visitor center",
+                    "visitor centre",
                     "permit center",
+                    "permit centre",
                     "backcountry office"
                 ],
                 "tags": {
@@ -32406,6 +56721,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "eating house",
                     "eating place",
                     "fast-food place",
+                    "fish and chips",
                     "greasy spoon",
                     "grill",
                     "hamburger stand",
@@ -32532,7 +56848,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "toilets/disposal",
                     "operator",
                     "building_area",
-                    "access"
+                    "access_toilets"
                 ],
                 "geometry": [
                     "point",
@@ -32573,7 +56889,8 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "city government",
                     "courthouse",
                     "municipal building",
-                    "municipal center"
+                    "municipal center",
+                    "municipal centre"
                 ],
                 "tags": {
                     "amenity": "townhall"
@@ -32599,6 +56916,19 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 ],
                 "name": "University"
             },
+            "amenity/vending_machine": {
+                "fields": [
+                    "vending",
+                    "operator"
+                ],
+                "geometry": [
+                    "point"
+                ],
+                "tags": {
+                    "amenity": "vending_machine"
+                },
+                "name": "Vending Machine"
+            },
             "amenity/waste_basket": {
                 "icon": "waste-basket",
                 "geometry": [
@@ -32715,7 +57045,8 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "tags": {
                     "barrier": "entrance"
                 },
-                "name": "Entrance"
+                "name": "Entrance",
+                "searchable": false
             },
             "barrier/fence": {
                 "geometry": [
@@ -33006,7 +57337,8 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "entrance": "*"
                 },
                 "fields": [
-                    "entrance"
+                    "entrance",
+                    "address"
                 ],
                 "name": "Entrance"
             },
@@ -33082,10 +57414,11 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             "highway/cycleway": {
                 "icon": "highway-cycleway",
                 "fields": [
-                    "oneway",
+                    "surface",
+                    "lit",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
-                    "surface"
+                    "oneway"
                 ],
                 "geometry": [
                     "line"
@@ -33142,9 +57475,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "icon": "highway-living-street",
                 "fields": [
                     "oneway",
+                    "maxspeed",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
-                    "maxspeed",
                     "surface"
                 ],
                 "geometry": [
@@ -33171,10 +57504,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "icon": "highway-motorway",
                 "fields": [
                     "oneway",
+                    "maxspeed",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
                     "lanes",
-                    "maxspeed",
                     "surface",
                     "ref"
                 ],
@@ -33203,9 +57536,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "icon": "highway-motorway-link",
                 "fields": [
                     "oneway_yes",
+                    "maxspeed",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
-                    "maxspeed",
                     "surface",
                     "ref"
                 ],
@@ -33262,10 +57595,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "icon": "highway-primary",
                 "fields": [
                     "oneway",
+                    "maxspeed",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
                     "lanes",
-                    "maxspeed",
                     "surface",
                     "ref"
                 ],
@@ -33282,9 +57615,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "icon": "highway-primary-link",
                 "fields": [
                     "oneway",
+                    "maxspeed",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
-                    "maxspeed",
                     "surface",
                     "ref"
                 ],
@@ -33305,9 +57638,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "icon": "highway-residential",
                 "fields": [
                     "oneway",
+                    "maxspeed",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
-                    "maxspeed",
                     "surface"
                 ],
                 "geometry": [
@@ -33323,9 +57656,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "icon": "highway-road",
                 "fields": [
                     "oneway",
+                    "maxspeed",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
-                    "maxspeed",
                     "surface"
                 ],
                 "geometry": [
@@ -33341,10 +57674,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "icon": "highway-secondary",
                 "fields": [
                     "oneway",
+                    "maxspeed",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
                     "lanes",
-                    "maxspeed",
                     "surface",
                     "ref"
                 ],
@@ -33361,9 +57694,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "icon": "highway-secondary-link",
                 "fields": [
                     "oneway",
+                    "maxspeed",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
-                    "maxspeed",
                     "surface",
                     "ref"
                 ],
@@ -33385,9 +57718,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "fields": [
                     "service",
                     "oneway",
+                    "maxspeed",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
-                    "maxspeed",
                     "surface"
                 ],
                 "geometry": [
@@ -33497,14 +57830,26 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 ],
                 "name": "Steps"
             },
+            "highway/stop": {
+                "geometry": [
+                    "vertex"
+                ],
+                "tags": {
+                    "highway": "stop"
+                },
+                "terms": [
+                    "stop sign"
+                ],
+                "name": "Stop Sign"
+            },
             "highway/tertiary": {
                 "icon": "highway-tertiary",
                 "fields": [
                     "oneway",
+                    "maxspeed",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
                     "lanes",
-                    "maxspeed",
                     "surface",
                     "ref"
                 ],
@@ -33521,9 +57866,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "icon": "highway-tertiary-link",
                 "fields": [
                     "oneway",
+                    "maxspeed",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
-                    "maxspeed",
                     "surface",
                     "ref"
                 ],
@@ -33545,9 +57890,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "fields": [
                     "tracktype",
                     "oneway",
+                    "maxspeed",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
-                    "maxspeed",
                     "surface"
                 ],
                 "geometry": [
@@ -33577,10 +57922,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "icon": "highway-trunk",
                 "fields": [
                     "oneway",
+                    "maxspeed",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
                     "lanes",
-                    "maxspeed",
                     "surface",
                     "ref"
                 ],
@@ -33597,9 +57942,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "icon": "highway-trunk-link",
                 "fields": [
                     "oneway",
+                    "maxspeed",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
-                    "maxspeed",
                     "surface",
                     "ref"
                 ],
@@ -33631,9 +57976,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "icon": "highway-unclassified",
                 "fields": [
                     "oneway",
+                    "maxspeed",
                     "structure",
                     "access",
-                    "maxspeed",
                     "surface"
                 ],
                 "geometry": [
@@ -33843,7 +58188,8 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "landuse": "farmyard"
                 },
                 "terms": [],
-                "name": "Farmyard"
+                "name": "Farmyard",
+                "icon": "farm"
             },
             "landuse/forest": {
                 "fields": [
@@ -33964,6 +58310,19 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 },
                 "name": "Leisure"
             },
+            "leisure/common": {
+                "geometry": [
+                    "point",
+                    "area"
+                ],
+                "terms": [
+                    "open space"
+                ],
+                "tags": {
+                    "leisure": "common"
+                },
+                "name": "Common"
+            },
             "leisure/dog_park": {
                 "geometry": [
                     "point",
@@ -33973,7 +58332,8 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "tags": {
                     "leisure": "dog_park"
                 },
-                "name": "Dog Park"
+                "name": "Dog Park",
+                "icon": "dog-park"
             },
             "leisure/garden": {
                 "icon": "garden",
@@ -34109,6 +58469,22 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "terms": [],
                 "name": "Basketball Court"
             },
+            "leisure/pitch/skateboard": {
+                "icon": "pitch",
+                "fields": [
+                    "surface"
+                ],
+                "geometry": [
+                    "point",
+                    "area"
+                ],
+                "tags": {
+                    "leisure": "pitch",
+                    "sport": "skateboard"
+                },
+                "terms": [],
+                "name": "Skate Park"
+            },
             "leisure/pitch/soccer": {
                 "icon": "soccer",
                 "fields": [
@@ -34181,6 +58557,20 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 },
                 "name": "Slipway"
             },
+            "leisure/sports_center": {
+                "geometry": [
+                    "point",
+                    "area"
+                ],
+                "tags": {
+                    "leisure": "sports_centre"
+                },
+                "terms": [
+                    "gym"
+                ],
+                "icon": "sports",
+                "name": "Sports Center"
+            },
             "leisure/stadium": {
                 "geometry": [
                     "point",
@@ -34270,7 +58660,23 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "tags": {
                     "man_made": "lighthouse"
                 },
-                "name": "Lighthouse"
+                "name": "Lighthouse",
+                "icon": "lighthouse"
+            },
+            "man_made/observation": {
+                "geometry": [
+                    "point",
+                    "area"
+                ],
+                "terms": [
+                    "lookout tower",
+                    "fire tower"
+                ],
+                "tags": {
+                    "man_made": "tower",
+                    "tower:type": "observation"
+                },
+                "name": "Observation Tower"
             },
             "man_made/pier": {
                 "geometry": [
@@ -34436,6 +58842,16 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 },
                 "name": "Coastline"
             },
+            "natural/fell": {
+                "geometry": [
+                    "area"
+                ],
+                "terms": [],
+                "tags": {
+                    "natural": "fell"
+                },
+                "name": "Fell"
+            },
             "natural/glacier": {
                 "geometry": [
                     "area"
@@ -34496,6 +58912,18 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 ],
                 "name": "Peak"
             },
+            "natural/scree": {
+                "geometry": [
+                    "area"
+                ],
+                "tags": {
+                    "natural": "scree"
+                },
+                "terms": [
+                    "loose rocks"
+                ],
+                "name": "Scree"
+            },
             "natural/scrub": {
                 "geometry": [
                     "area"
@@ -34871,6 +59299,24 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "terms": [],
                 "name": "Disused Railway"
             },
+            "railway/halt": {
+                "icon": "rail",
+                "geometry": [
+                    "point",
+                    "vertex"
+                ],
+                "tags": {
+                    "railway": "halt"
+                },
+                "name": "Railway Halt",
+                "terms": [
+                    "break",
+                    "interrupt",
+                    "rest",
+                    "wait",
+                    "interruption"
+                ]
+            },
             "railway/level_crossing": {
                 "icon": "cross",
                 "geometry": [
@@ -35042,7 +59488,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "name": "Liquor Store"
             },
             "shop/bakery": {
-                "icon": "shop",
+                "icon": "bakery",
                 "fields": [
                     "address",
                     "building_area",
@@ -35070,6 +59516,12 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "vertex",
                     "area"
                 ],
+                "terms": [
+                    "nail spa",
+                    "spa",
+                    "salon",
+                    "tanning"
+                ],
                 "tags": {
                     "shop": "beauty"
                 },
@@ -35164,7 +59616,6 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "icon": "shop",
                 "fields": [
                     "address",
-                    "building_area",
                     "opening_hours"
                 ],
                 "geometry": [
@@ -35229,7 +59680,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "name": "Chemist"
             },
             "shop/clothes": {
-                "icon": "shop",
+                "icon": "clothing-store",
                 "fields": [
                     "address",
                     "building_area",
@@ -35465,6 +59916,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "vertex",
                     "area"
                 ],
+                "terms": [
+                    "garden centre"
+                ],
                 "tags": {
                     "shop": "garden_centre"
                 },
@@ -35606,6 +60060,26 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 },
                 "name": "Laundry"
             },
+            "shop/locksmith": {
+                "icon": "shop",
+                "fields": [
+                    "address",
+                    "building_area",
+                    "opening_hours"
+                ],
+                "geometry": [
+                    "point",
+                    "vertex",
+                    "area"
+                ],
+                "terms": [
+                    "keys"
+                ],
+                "tags": {
+                    "shop": "locksmith"
+                },
+                "name": "Locksmith"
+            },
             "shop/mall": {
                 "icon": "shop",
                 "fields": [
@@ -35726,7 +60200,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "name": "Outdoor Store"
             },
             "shop/pet": {
-                "icon": "shop",
+                "icon": "dog-park",
                 "fields": [
                     "address",
                     "building_area",
@@ -35742,6 +60216,23 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 },
                 "name": "Pet Store"
             },
+            "shop/photo": {
+                "icon": "camera",
+                "fields": [
+                    "address",
+                    "building_area",
+                    "opening_hours"
+                ],
+                "geometry": [
+                    "point",
+                    "vertex",
+                    "area"
+                ],
+                "tags": {
+                    "shop": "photo"
+                },
+                "name": "Photography Store"
+            },
             "shop/shoes": {
                 "icon": "shop",
                 "fields": [
@@ -35815,12 +60306,14 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "five-and-dime",
                     "flea market",
                     "galleria",
+                    "grocery store",
                     "mall",
                     "mart",
                     "outlet",
                     "outlet store",
                     "shop",
                     "shopping center",
+                    "shopping centre",
                     "shopping plaza",
                     "stand",
                     "store",
@@ -36374,6 +60867,22 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "network"
                 ]
             },
+            "type/route/hiking": {
+                "geometry": [
+                    "relation"
+                ],
+                "tags": {
+                    "type": "route",
+                    "route": "hiking"
+                },
+                "name": "Hiking Route",
+                "icon": "route-foot",
+                "fields": [
+                    "ref",
+                    "operator",
+                    "network"
+                ]
+            },
             "type/route/pipeline": {
                 "geometry": [
                     "relation"
@@ -36734,8 +61243,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "icon": "route",
                 "members": [
                     "type/route/road",
-                    "type/route/foot",
                     "type/route/bicycle",
+                    "type/route/foot",
+                    "type/route/hiking",
                     "type/route/bus",
                     "type/route/train",
                     "type/route/tram",
@@ -36807,6 +61317,17 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     }
                 }
             },
+            "access_toilets": {
+                "key": "access",
+                "type": "combo",
+                "label": "Access",
+                "options": [
+                    "public",
+                    "permissive",
+                    "private",
+                    "customers"
+                ]
+            },
             "address": {
                 "type": "address",
                 "keys": [
@@ -36836,12 +61357,12 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             },
             "aeroway": {
                 "key": "aeroway",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Type"
             },
             "amenity": {
                 "key": "amenity",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Type"
             },
             "artist": {
@@ -36859,9 +61380,14 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "type": "check",
                 "label": "ATM"
             },
+            "backrest": {
+                "key": "backrest",
+                "type": "check",
+                "label": "Backrest"
+            },
             "barrier": {
                 "key": "barrier",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Type"
             },
             "bicycle_parking": {
@@ -36876,7 +61402,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             },
             "building": {
                 "key": "building",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Building"
             },
             "building_area": {
@@ -36990,7 +61516,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             },
             "entrance": {
                 "key": "entrance",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Type"
             },
             "fax": {
@@ -37037,12 +61563,12 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             },
             "highway": {
                 "key": "highway",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Type"
             },
             "historic": {
                 "key": "historic",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Type"
             },
             "iata": {
@@ -37083,7 +61609,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             },
             "landuse": {
                 "key": "landuse",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Type"
             },
             "lanes": {
@@ -37099,7 +61625,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             },
             "leisure": {
                 "key": "leisure",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Type"
             },
             "levels": {
@@ -37108,6 +61634,11 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "label": "Levels",
                 "placeholder": "2, 4, 6..."
             },
+            "lit": {
+                "key": "lit",
+                "type": "check",
+                "label": "Lit"
+            },
             "location": {
                 "key": "location",
                 "type": "combo",
@@ -37115,7 +61646,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             },
             "man_made": {
                 "key": "man_made",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Type"
             },
             "maxspeed": {
@@ -37132,7 +61663,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             },
             "natural": {
                 "key": "natural",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Natural"
             },
             "network": {
@@ -37149,7 +61680,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             },
             "office": {
                 "key": "office",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Type"
             },
             "oneway": {
@@ -37202,17 +61733,17 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             },
             "place": {
                 "key": "place",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Type"
             },
             "power": {
                 "key": "power",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Type"
             },
             "railway": {
                 "key": "railway",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Type"
             },
             "ref": {
@@ -37289,7 +61820,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             },
             "shop": {
                 "key": "shop",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Type"
             },
             "source": {
@@ -37340,7 +61871,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             },
             "tourism": {
                 "key": "tourism",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Type"
             },
             "towertype": {
@@ -37358,6 +61889,11 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "type": "combo",
                 "label": "Trail Visibility"
             },
+            "vending": {
+                "key": "vending",
+                "type": "combo",
+                "label": "Type of Goods"
+            },
             "water": {
                 "key": "water",
                 "type": "combo",
@@ -37365,7 +61901,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             },
             "waterway": {
                 "key": "waterway",
-                "type": "combo",
+                "type": "typeCombo",
                 "label": "Type"
             },
             "website": {
@@ -47279,1310 +71815,1422 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
         ]
     },
     "featureIcons": {
-        "airfield": {
+        "circle-stroked": {
             "12": [
-                0,
+                42,
                 0
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                14
+                24,
+                0
             ],
             "24": [
                 0,
-                34
+                0
             ]
         },
-        "airport": {
+        "circle": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                60
+                96,
+                0
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                74
+                78,
+                0
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                94
+                54,
+                0
             ]
         },
-        "alcohol-shop": {
+        "square-stroked": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                120
+                150,
+                0
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                134
+                132,
+                0
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                154
+                108,
+                0
             ]
         },
-        "america-football": {
+        "square": {
             "12": [
+                204,
+                0
+            ],
+            "18": [
+                186,
+                0
+            ],
+            "24": [
+                162,
+                0
+            ]
+        },
+        "triangle-stroked": {
+            "12": [
+                258,
+                0
+            ],
+            "18": [
+                240,
+                0
+            ],
+            "24": [
+                216,
+                0
+            ]
+        },
+        "triangle": {
+            "12": [
+                42,
+                24
+            ],
+            "18": [
+                24,
+                24
+            ],
+            "24": [
                 0,
-                180
+                24
+            ]
+        },
+        "star-stroked": {
+            "12": [
+                96,
+                24
+            ],
+            "18": [
+                78,
+                24
+            ],
+            "24": [
+                54,
+                24
+            ]
+        },
+        "star": {
+            "12": [
+                150,
+                24
             ],
             "18": [
+                132,
+                24
+            ],
+            "24": [
+                108,
+                24
+            ]
+        },
+        "cross": {
+            "12": [
+                204,
+                24
+            ],
+            "18": [
+                186,
+                24
+            ],
+            "24": [
+                162,
+                24
+            ]
+        },
+        "marker-stroked": {
+            "12": [
+                258,
+                24
+            ],
+            "18": [
+                240,
+                24
+            ],
+            "24": [
+                216,
+                24
+            ]
+        },
+        "marker": {
+            "12": [
+                42,
+                48
+            ],
+            "18": [
+                24,
+                48
+            ],
+            "24": [
                 0,
-                194
+                48
+            ]
+        },
+        "religious-jewish": {
+            "12": [
+                96,
+                48
+            ],
+            "18": [
+                78,
+                48
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                214
+                54,
+                48
             ]
         },
-        "art-gallery": {
+        "religious-christian": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                240
+                150,
+                48
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                254
+                132,
+                48
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                274
+                108,
+                48
             ]
         },
-        "bank": {
+        "religious-muslim": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                300
+                204,
+                48
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                314
+                186,
+                48
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                334
+                162,
+                48
             ]
         },
-        "bar": {
+        "cemetery": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                360
+                258,
+                48
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                374
+                240,
+                48
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                394
+                216,
+                48
             ]
         },
-        "baseball": {
+        "rocket": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                420
+                42,
+                72
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                434
+                24,
+                72
             ],
             "24": [
                 0,
-                454
+                72
             ]
         },
-        "basketball": {
+        "airport": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                480
+                96,
+                72
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                494
+                78,
+                72
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                514
+                54,
+                72
             ]
         },
-        "beer": {
+        "heliport": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                540
+                150,
+                72
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                554
+                132,
+                72
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                574
+                108,
+                72
             ]
         },
-        "bicycle": {
+        "rail": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                600
+                204,
+                72
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                614
+                186,
+                72
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                634
+                162,
+                72
             ]
         },
-        "building": {
+        "rail-underground": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                660
+                258,
+                72
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                674
+                240,
+                72
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                694
+                216,
+                72
             ]
         },
-        "bus": {
+        "rail-above": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                720
+                42,
+                96
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                734
+                24,
+                96
             ],
             "24": [
                 0,
-                754
+                96
             ]
         },
-        "cafe": {
+        "bus": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                780
+                96,
+                96
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                794
+                78,
+                96
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                814
+                54,
+                96
             ]
         },
-        "campsite": {
+        "fuel": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                840
+                150,
+                96
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                854
+                132,
+                96
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                874
+                108,
+                96
             ]
         },
-        "cemetery": {
+        "parking": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                900
+                204,
+                96
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                914
+                186,
+                96
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                934
+                162,
+                96
             ]
         },
-        "cinema": {
+        "parking-garage": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                960
+                258,
+                96
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                974
+                240,
+                96
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                994
+                216,
+                96
             ]
         },
-        "circle": {
+        "airfield": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1020
+                42,
+                120
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1034
+                24,
+                120
             ],
             "24": [
                 0,
-                1054
+                120
             ]
         },
-        "circle-stroked": {
+        "roadblock": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1080
+                96,
+                120
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1094
+                78,
+                120
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                1114
+                54,
+                120
             ]
         },
-        "city": {
+        "ferry": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1140
+                150,
+                120
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1154
+                132,
+                120
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                1174
+                108,
+                120
+            ],
+            "line": [
+                2240,
+                25
             ]
         },
-        "college": {
+        "harbor": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1200
+                204,
+                120
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1214
+                186,
+                120
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                1234
+                162,
+                120
             ]
         },
-        "commercial": {
+        "bicycle": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1260
+                258,
+                120
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1274
+                240,
+                120
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                1294
+                216,
+                120
             ]
         },
-        "cricket": {
+        "park": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1320
+                42,
+                144
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1334
+                24,
+                144
             ],
             "24": [
                 0,
-                1354
+                144
             ]
         },
-        "cross": {
+        "park2": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1380
+                96,
+                144
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1394
+                78,
+                144
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                1414
+                54,
+                144
             ]
         },
-        "dam": {
+        "museum": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1440
+                150,
+                144
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1454
+                132,
+                144
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                1474
+                108,
+                144
             ]
         },
-        "danger": {
+        "lodging": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1500
+                204,
+                144
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1514
+                186,
+                144
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                1534
+                162,
+                144
             ]
         },
-        "disability": {
+        "monument": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1560
+                258,
+                144
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1574
+                240,
+                144
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                1594
+                216,
+                144
             ]
         },
-        "embassy": {
+        "zoo": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1620
+                42,
+                168
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1634
+                24,
+                168
             ],
             "24": [
                 0,
-                1654
+                168
             ]
         },
-        "emergency-telephone": {
+        "garden": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1680
+                96,
+                168
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1694
+                78,
+                168
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                1714
+                54,
+                168
             ]
         },
-        "farm": {
+        "campsite": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1740
+                150,
+                168
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1754
+                132,
+                168
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                1774
+                108,
+                168
             ]
         },
-        "fast-food": {
+        "theatre": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1800
+                204,
+                168
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1814
+                186,
+                168
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                1834
+                162,
+                168
             ]
         },
-        "ferry": {
+        "art-gallery": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1860
+                258,
+                168
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1874
+                240,
+                168
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                1894
-            ],
-            "line": [
-                2240,
-                25
+                216,
+                168
             ]
         },
-        "fire-station": {
+        "pitch": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1920
+                42,
+                192
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1934
+                24,
+                192
             ],
             "24": [
                 0,
-                1954
+                192
             ]
         },
-        "fuel": {
+        "soccer": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                1980
+                96,
+                192
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                1994
+                78,
+                192
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                2014
+                54,
+                192
             ]
         },
-        "garden": {
+        "america-football": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                2040
+                150,
+                192
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                2054
+                132,
+                192
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                2074
+                108,
+                192
             ]
         },
-        "golf": {
+        "tennis": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                2100
+                204,
+                192
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                2114
+                186,
+                192
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                2134
+                162,
+                192
             ]
         },
-        "grocery": {
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             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                4874
+                240,
+                408
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                4894
+                216,
+                408
             ]
         },
-        "toilets": {
+        "city": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                4920
+                42,
+                432
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                4934
+                24,
+                432
             ],
             "24": [
                 0,
-                4954
+                432
             ]
         },
         "town": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                4980
+                96,
+                432
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                4994
+                78,
+                432
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                5014
+                54,
+                432
             ]
         },
-        "town-hall": {
+        "village": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                5040
+                150,
+                432
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                5054
+                132,
+                432
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                5074
+                108,
+                432
             ]
         },
-        "triangle": {
+        "farm": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                5100
+                204,
+                432
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                5114
+                186,
+                432
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                5134
+                162,
+                432
             ]
         },
-        "triangle-stroked": {
+        "bakery": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                5160
+                258,
+                432
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                5174
+                240,
+                432
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                5194
+                216,
+                432
             ]
         },
-        "village": {
+        "dog-park": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                5220
+                42,
+                456
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                5234
+                24,
+                456
             ],
             "24": [
                 0,
-                5254
+                456
             ]
         },
-        "warehouse": {
+        "lighthouse": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                5280
+                96,
+                456
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                5294
+                78,
+                456
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                5314
+                54,
+                456
             ]
         },
-        "waste-basket": {
+        "clothing-store": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                5340
+                150,
+                456
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                5354
+                132,
+                456
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                5374
+                108,
+                456
             ]
         },
-        "water": {
+        "london-underground": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                5400
+                204,
+                456
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                5414
+                186,
+                456
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                5434
+                162,
+                456
             ]
         },
-        "wetland": {
+        "minefield": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                5460
+                258,
+                456
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                5474
+                240,
+                456
             ],
             "24": [
-                0,
-                5494
+                216,
+                456
             ]
         },
-        "zoo": {
+        "camera": {
             "12": [
-                0,
-                5520
+                42,
+                480
             ],
             "18": [
-                0,
-                5534
+                24,
+                480
             ],
             "24": [
                 0,
-                5554
+                480
             ]
         },
         "highway-motorway": {
@@ -48955,6 +73603,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             200,
             140
         ],
+        "icon-operation-continue": [
+            220,
+            140
+        ],
         "icon-operation-disabled-delete": [
             0,
             160
@@ -48998,22 +73650,30 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
         "icon-operation-disabled-simplify": [
             200,
             160
+        ],
+        "icon-operation-disabled-continue": [
+            220,
+            160
         ]
     },
     "locales": [
         "af",
         "ar",
+        "ar-AA",
         "ast",
+        "bn",
         "bs",
         "bg-BG",
         "ca",
         "zh",
         "zh-CN",
+        "zh-CN.GB2312",
         "zh-TW",
         "hr",
         "cs",
         "da",
         "nl",
+        "en-GB",
         "et",
         "fi",
         "fr",
@@ -49028,10 +73688,13 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
         "lv",
         "lt",
         "no",
+        "nn",
+        "fa",
         "pl",
         "pt",
         "pt-BR",
         "ru",
+        "sc",
         "sr",
         "sr-RS",
         "sk",
@@ -49086,6 +73749,11 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 }
             },
             "continue": {
+                "key": "A",
+                "title": "Continue",
+                "description": "Continue this line.",
+                "not_eligible": "No line can be continued here.",
+                "multiple": "Several lines can be continued here. To choose a line, press the Shift key and click on it to select it.",
                 "annotation": {
                     "line": "Continued a line.",
                     "area": "Continued an area."
@@ -49114,14 +73782,24 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "not_closed": "This can't be made circular because it's not a loop."
             },
             "orthogonalize": {
-                "title": "Orthogonalize",
-                "description": "Square these corners.",
-                "key": "Q",
+                "title": "Square",
+                "description": {
+                    "line": "Square the corners of this line.",
+                    "area": "Square the corners of this area."
+                },
+                "key": "S",
                 "annotation": {
                     "line": "Squared the corners of a line.",
                     "area": "Squared the corners of an area."
                 },
-                "not_closed": "This can't be made square because it's not a loop."
+                "not_squarish": "This can't be made square because it is not squarish."
+            },
+            "straighten": {
+                "title": "Straighten",
+                "description": "Straighten this line.",
+                "key": "S",
+                "annotation": "Straightened a line.",
+                "too_bendy": "This can't be straightened because it bends too much."
             },
             "delete": {
                 "title": "Delete",
@@ -49181,7 +73859,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             },
             "rotate": {
                 "title": "Rotate",
-                "description": "Rotate this object around its centre point.",
+                "description": "Rotate this object around its center point.",
                 "key": "R",
                 "annotation": {
                     "line": "Rotated a line.",
@@ -49277,18 +73955,25 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             "back_tooltip": "Change feature",
             "remove": "Remove",
             "search": "Search",
+            "multiselect": "Selected items",
             "unknown": "Unknown",
             "incomplete": "<not downloaded>",
             "feature_list": "Search features",
-            "edit": "Edit feature"
+            "edit": "Edit feature",
+            "check": {
+                "yes": "Yes",
+                "no": "No"
+            },
+            "none": "None"
         },
         "background": {
             "title": "Background",
             "description": "Background settings",
             "percent_brightness": "{opacity}% brightness",
+            "none": "None",
             "custom": "Custom",
             "custom_prompt": "Enter a tile template. Valid tokens are {z}, {x}, {y} for Z/X/Y scheme and {u} for quadtile scheme.",
-            "fix_misalignment": "Fix misalignment",
+            "fix_misalignment": "Fix alignment",
             "reset": "reset"
         },
         "restore": {
@@ -49312,7 +73997,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             "facebook": "Share on Facebook",
             "twitter": "Share on Twitter",
             "google": "Share on Google+",
-            "help_html": "Your changes should appear in the \"Standard\" layer in a few minutes. Other layers, and certain features, may take longer\n(<a href='https://help.openstreetmap.org/questions/4705/why-havent-my-changes-appeared-on-the-map'>details</a>).\n"
+            "help_html": "Your changes should appear in the \"Standard\" layer in a few minutes. Other layers, and certain features, may take longer\n(<a href='https://help.openstreetmap.org/questions/4705/why-havent-my-changes-appeared-on-the-map' target='_blank'>details</a>).\n"
         },
         "confirm": {
             "okay": "Okay"
@@ -49348,17 +74033,19 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
         "cannot_zoom": "Cannot zoom out further in current mode.",
         "gpx": {
             "local_layer": "Local GPX file",
-            "drag_drop": "Drag and drop a .gpx file on the page"
+            "drag_drop": "Drag and drop a .gpx file on the page, or click the button to the right to browse",
+            "zoom": "Zoom to GPX track",
+            "browse": "Browse for a .gpx file"
         },
         "help": {
             "title": "Help",
             "help": "# Help\n\nThis is an editor for [OpenStreetMap](http://www.openstreetmap.org/), the\nfree and editable map of the world. You can use it to add and update\ndata in your area, making an open-source and open-data map of the world\nbetter for everyone.\n\nEdits that you make on this map will be visible to everyone who uses\nOpenStreetMap. In order to make an edit, you'll need a\n[free OpenStreetMap account](https://www.openstreetmap.org/user/new).\n\nThe [iD editor](http://ideditor.com/) is a collaborative project with [source\ncode available on GitHub](https://github.com/systemed/iD).\n",
-            "editing_saving": "# Editing & Saving\n\nThis editor is designed to work primarily online, and you're accessing\nit through a website right now.\n\n### Selecting Features\n\nTo select a map feature, like a road or point of interest, click\non it on the map. This will highlight the selected feature, open a panel with\ndetails about it, and show a menu of things you can do with the feature.\n\nMultiple features can be selected by holding the 'Shift' key, clicking,\nand dragging on the map. This will select all features within the box\nthat's drawn, allowing you to do things with several features at once.\n\n### Saving Edits\n\nWhen you make changes like editing roads, buildings, and places, these are\nstored locally until you save them to the server. Don't worry if you make\na mistake - you can undo changes by clicking the undo button, and redo\nchanges by clicking the redo button.\n\nClick 'Save' to finish a group of edits - for instance, if you've completed\nan area of town and would like to start on a new area. You'll have a chance\nto review what you've done, and the editor supplies helpful suggestions\nand warnings if something doesn't seem right about the changes.\n\nIf everything looks good, you can enter a short comment explaining the change\nyou made, and click 'Save' again to post the changes\nto [OpenStreetMap.org](http://www.openstreetmap.org/), where they are visible\nto all other users and available for others to build and improve upon.\n\nIf you can't finish your edits in one sitting, you can leave the editor\nwindow and come back (on the same browser and computer), and the\neditor application will offer to restore your work.\n",
+            "editing_saving": "# Editing & Saving\n\nThis editor is designed to work primarily online, and you're accessing\nit through a website right now.\n\n### Selecting Features\n\nTo select a map feature, like a road or point of interest, click\non it on the map. This will highlight the selected feature, open a panel with\ndetails about it, and show a menu of things you can do with the feature.\n\nTo select multiple features, hold down the 'Shift' key. Then either click\non the features you want to select, or drag on the map to draw a rectangle.\nThis will draw a box and select all the points within it.\n\n### Saving Edits\n\nWhen you make changes like editing roads, buildings, and places, these are\nstored locally until you save them to the server. Don't worry if you make\na mistake - you can undo changes by clicking the undo button, and redo\nchanges by clicking the redo button.\n\nClick 'Save' to finish a group of edits - for instance, if you've completed\nan area of town and would like to start on a new area. You'll have a chance\nto review what you've done, and the editor supplies helpful suggestions\nand warnings if something doesn't seem right about the changes.\n\nIf everything looks good, you can enter a short comment explaining the change\nyou made, and click 'Save' again to post the changes\nto [OpenStreetMap.org](http://www.openstreetmap.org/), where they are visible\nto all other users and available for others to build and improve upon.\n\nIf you can't finish your edits in one sitting, you can leave the editor\nwindow and come back (on the same browser and computer), and the\neditor application will offer to restore your work.\n",
             "roads": "# Roads\n\nYou can create, fix, and delete roads with this editor. Roads can be all\nkinds: paths, highways, trails, cycleways, and more - any often-crossed\nsegment should be mappable.\n\n### Selecting\n\nClick on a road to select it. An outline should become visible, along\nwith a small tools menu on the map and a sidebar showing more information\nabout the road.\n\n### Modifying\n\nOften you'll see roads that aren't aligned to the imagery behind them\nor to a GPS track. You can adjust these roads so they are in the correct\nplace.\n\nFirst click on the road you want to change. This will highlight it and show\ncontrol points along it that you can drag to better locations. If\nyou want to add new control points for more detail, double-click a part\nof the road without a node, and one will be added.\n\nIf the road connects to another road, but doesn't properly connect on\nthe map, you can drag one of its control points onto the other road in\norder to join them. Having roads connect is important for the map\nand essential for providing driving directions.\n\nYou can also click the 'Move' tool or press the `M` shortcut key to move the entire road at\none time, and then click again to save that movement.\n\n### Deleting\n\nIf a road is entirely incorrect - you can see that it doesn't exist in satellite\nimagery and ideally have confirmed locally that it's not present - you can delete\nit, which removes it from the map. Be cautious when deleting features -\nlike any other edit, the results are seen by everyone and satellite imagery\nis often out of date, so the road could simply be newly built.\n\nYou can delete a road by clicking on it to select it, then clicking the\ntrash can icon or pressing the 'Delete' key.\n\n### Creating\n\nFound somewhere there should be a road but there isn't? Click the 'Line'\nicon in the top-left of the editor or press the shortcut key `2` to start drawing\na line.\n\nClick on the start of the road on the map to start drawing. If the road\nbranches off from an existing road, start by clicking on the place where they connect.\n\nThen click on points along the road so that it follows the right path, according\nto satellite imagery or GPS. If the road you are drawing crosses another road, connect\nit by clicking on the intersection point. When you're done drawing, double-click\nor press 'Return' or 'Enter' on your keyboard.\n",
-            "gps": "# GPS\n\nGPS data is the most trusted source of data for OpenStreetMap. This editor\nsupports local traces - `.gpx` files on your local computer. You can collect\nthis kind of GPS trace with a number of smartphone applications as well as\npersonal GPS hardware.\n\nFor information on how to perform a GPS survey, read\n[Surveying with a GPS](http://learnosm.org/en/beginner/using-gps/).\n\nTo use a GPX track for mapping, drag and drop the GPX file onto the map\neditor. If it's recognized, it will be added to the map as a bright green\nline. Click on the 'Background Settings' menu on the left side to enable,\ndisable, or zoom to this new GPX-powered layer.\n\nThe GPX track isn't directly uploaded to OpenStreetMap - the best way to\nuse it is to draw on the map, using it as a guide for the new features that\nyou add.\n",
-            "imagery": "# Imagery\n\nAerial imagery is an important resource for mapping. A combination of\nairplane flyovers, satellite views, and freely-compiled sources are available\nin the editor under the 'Background Settings' menu on the left.\n\nBy default a [Bing Maps](http://www.bing.com/maps/) satellite layer is\npresented in the editor, but as you pan and zoom the map to new geographical\nareas, new sources will become available. Some countries, like the United\nStates, France, and Denmark have very high-quality imagery available for some areas.\n\nImagery is sometimes offset from the map data because of a mistake on the\nimagery provider's side. If you see a lot of roads shifted from the background,\ndon't immediately move them all to match the background. Instead you can adjust\nthe imagery so that it matches the existing data by clicking 'Fix alignment' at\nthe bottom of the Background Settings UI.\n",
+            "gps": "# GPS\n\nGPS data is the most trusted source of data for OpenStreetMap. This editor\nsupports local traces - `.gpx` files on your local computer. You can collect\nthis kind of GPS trace with a number of smartphone applications as well as\npersonal GPS hardware.\n\nFor information on how to perform a GPS survey, read\n[Surveying with a GPS](http://learnosm.org/en/beginner/using-gps/).\n\nTo use a GPX track for mapping, drag and drop the GPX file onto the map\neditor. If it's recognized, it will be added to the map as a bright green\nline. Click on the 'Background Settings' menu on the right side to enable,\ndisable, or zoom to this new GPX-powered layer.\n\nThe GPX track isn't directly uploaded to OpenStreetMap - the best way to\nuse it is to draw on the map, using it as a guide for the new features that\nyou add, and also to [upload it to OpenStreetMap](http://www.openstreetmap.org/trace/create)\nfor other users to use.\n",
+            "imagery": "# Imagery\n\nAerial imagery is an important resource for mapping. A combination of\nairplane flyovers, satellite views, and freely-compiled sources are available\nin the editor under the 'Background Settings' menu on the right.\n\nBy default a [Bing Maps](http://www.bing.com/maps/) satellite layer is\npresented in the editor, but as you pan and zoom the map to new geographical\nareas, new sources will become available. Some countries, like the United\nStates, France, and Denmark have very high-quality imagery available for some areas.\n\nImagery is sometimes offset from the map data because of a mistake on the\nimagery provider's side. If you see a lot of roads shifted from the background,\ndon't immediately move them all to match the background. Instead you can adjust\nthe imagery so that it matches the existing data by clicking 'Fix alignment' at\nthe bottom of the Background Settings UI.\n",
             "addresses": "# Addresses\n\nAddresses are some of the most useful information for the map.\n\nAlthough addresses are often represented as parts of streets, in OpenStreetMap\nthey're recorded as attributes of buildings and places along streets.\n\nYou can add address information to places mapped as building outlines\nas well as those mapped as single points. The optimal source of address\ndata is from an on-the-ground survey or personal knowledge - as with any\nother feature, copying from commercial sources like Google Maps is strictly\nforbidden.\n",
-            "inspector": "# Using the Inspector\n\nThe inspector is the user interface element on the right-hand side of the\npage that appears when a feature is selected and allows you to edit its details.\n\n### Selecting a Feature Type\n\nAfter you add a point, line, or area, you can choose what type of feature it\nis, like whether it's a highway or residential road, supermarket or cafe.\nThe inspector will display buttons for common feature types, and you can\nfind others by typing what you're looking for in the search box.\n\nClick the 'i' in the bottom-right-hand corner of a feature type button to\nlearn more about it. Click a button to choose that type.\n\n### Using Forms and Editing Tags\n\nAfter you choose a feature type, or when you select a feature that already\nhas a type assigned, the inspector will display fields with details about\nthe feature like its name and address.\n\nBelow the fields you see, you can click icons to add other details,\nlike [Wikipedia](http://www.wikipedia.org/) information, wheelchair\naccess, and more.\n\nAt the bottom of the inspector, click 'Additional tags' to add arbitrary\nother tags to the element. [Taginfo](http://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/) is a\ngreat resource for learn more about popular tag combinations.\n\nChanges you make in the inspector are automatically applied to the map.\nYou can undo them at any time by clicking the 'Undo' button.\n\n### Closing the Inspector\n\nYou can close the inspector by clicking the close button in the top-right,\npressing the 'Escape' key, or clicking on the map.\n",
+            "inspector": "# Using the Inspector\n\nThe inspector is the section on the left side of the page that allows you to\nedit the details of the selected feature.\n\n### Selecting a Feature Type\n\nAfter you add a point, line, or area, you can choose what type of feature it\nis, like whether it's a highway or residential road, supermarket or cafe.\nThe inspector will display buttons for common feature types, and you can\nfind others by typing what you're looking for in the search box.\n\nClick the 'i' in the bottom-right-hand corner of a feature type button to\nlearn more about it. Click a button to choose that type.\n\n### Using Forms and Editing Tags\n\nAfter you choose a feature type, or when you select a feature that already\nhas a type assigned, the inspector will display fields with details about\nthe feature like its name and address.\n\nBelow the fields you see, you can click icons to add other details,\nlike [Wikipedia](http://www.wikipedia.org/) information, wheelchair\naccess, and more.\n\nAt the bottom of the inspector, click 'Additional tags' to add arbitrary\nother tags to the element. [Taginfo](http://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/) is a\ngreat resource for learn more about popular tag combinations.\n\nChanges you make in the inspector are automatically applied to the map.\nYou can undo them at any time by clicking the 'Undo' button.\n",
             "buildings": "# Buildings\n\nOpenStreetMap is the world's largest database of buildings. You can create\nand improve this database.\n\n### Selecting\n\nYou can select a building by clicking on its border. This will highlight the\nbuilding and open a small tools menu and a sidebar showing more information\nabout the building.\n\n### Modifying\n\nSometimes buildings are incorrectly placed or have incorrect tags.\n\nTo move an entire building, select it, then click the 'Move' tool. Move your\nmouse to shift the building, and click when it's correctly placed.\n\nTo fix the specific shape of a building, click and drag the nodes that form\nits border into better places.\n\n### Creating\n\nOne of the main questions around adding buildings to the map is that\nOpenStreetMap records buildings both as shapes and points. The rule of thumb\nis to _map a building as a shape whenever possible_, and map companies, homes,\namenities, and other things that operate out of buildings as points placed\nwithin the building shape.\n\nStart drawing a building as a shape by clicking the 'Area' button in the top\nleft of the interface, and end it either by pressing 'Return' on your keyboard\nor clicking on the first node drawn to close the shape.\n\n### Deleting\n\nIf a building is entirely incorrect - you can see that it doesn't exist in satellite\nimagery and ideally have confirmed locally that it's not present - you can delete\nit, which removes it from the map. Be cautious when deleting features -\nlike any other edit, the results are seen by everyone and satellite imagery\nis often out of date, so the building could simply be newly built.\n\nYou can delete a building by clicking on it to select it, then clicking the\ntrash can icon or pressing the 'Delete' key.\n",
             "relations": "# Relations\n\nA relation is a special type of feature in OpenStreetMap that groups together\nother features. For example, two common types of relations are *route relations*,\nwhich group together sections of road that belong to a specific freeway or\nhighway, and *multipolygons*, which group together several lines that define\na complex area (one with several pieces or holes in it like a donut).\n\nThe group of features in a relation are called *members*. In the sidebar, you can\nsee which relations a feature is a member of, and click on a relation there\nto select the it. When the relation is selected, you can see all of its\nmembers listed in the sidebar and highlighted on the map.\n\nFor the most part, iD will take care of maintaining relations automatically\nwhile you edit. The main thing you should be aware of is that if you delete a\nsection of road to redraw it more accurately, you should make sure that the\nnew section is a member of the same relations as the original.\n\n## Editing Relations\n\nIf you want to edit relations, here are the basics.\n\nTo add a feature to a relation, select the feature, click the \"+\" button in the\n\"All relations\" section of the sidebar, and select or type the name of the relation.\n\nTo create a new relation, select the first feature that should be a member,\nclick the \"+\" button in the \"All relations\" section, and select \"New relation...\".\n\nTo remove a feature from a relation, select the feature and click the trash\nbutton next to the relation you want to remove it from.\n\nYou can create multipolygons with holes using the \"Merge\" tool. Draw two areas (inner\nand outer), hold the Shift key and click on each of them to select them both, and then\nclick the \"Merge\" (+) button.\n"
         },
@@ -49394,14 +74081,15 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
             },
             "lines": {
                 "title": "Lines",
-                "add": "Lines are used to represent features such as roads, railways and rivers. **Click the Line button to add a new line.**",
+                "add": "Lines are used to represent features such as roads, railroads and rivers. **Click the Line button to add a new line.**",
                 "start": "**Start the line by clicking on the end of the road.**",
                 "intersect": "Click to add more nodes to the line. You can drag the map while drawing if necessary. Roads, and many other types of lines, are part of a larger network. It is important for these lines to be connected properly in order for routing applications to work. **Click on Flower Street, to create an intersection connecting the two lines.**",
                 "finish": "Lines can be finished by clicking on the last node again. **Finish drawing the road.**",
                 "road": "**Select Road from the list**",
                 "residential": "There are different types of roads, the most common of which is Residential. **Choose the Residential road type**",
                 "describe": "**Name the road and close the feature editor.**",
-                "restart": "The road needs to intersect Flower Street."
+                "restart": "The road needs to intersect Flower Street.",
+                "wrong_preset": "You didn't select the Residential road type. **Click here to choose again**"
             },
             "startediting": {
                 "title": "Start Editing",
@@ -49469,6 +74157,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                         }
                     }
                 },
+                "access_toilets": {
+                    "label": "Access"
+                },
                 "address": {
                     "label": "Address",
                     "placeholders": {
@@ -49497,6 +74188,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "atm": {
                     "label": "ATM"
                 },
+                "backrest": {
+                    "label": "Backrest"
+                },
                 "barrier": {
                     "label": "Type"
                 },
@@ -49626,6 +74320,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "label": "Levels",
                     "placeholder": "2, 4, 6..."
                 },
+                "lit": {
+                    "label": "Lit"
+                },
                 "location": {
                     "label": "Location"
                 },
@@ -49759,6 +74456,9 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 "trail_visibility": {
                     "label": "Trail Visibility"
                 },
+                "vending": {
+                    "label": "Type of Goods"
+                },
                 "water": {
                     "label": "Type"
                 },
@@ -49827,6 +74527,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "name": "Amenity",
                     "terms": ""
                 },
+                "amenity/arts_centre": {
+                    "name": "Arts Center",
+                    "terms": "arts,arts centre"
+                },
                 "amenity/atm": {
                     "name": "ATM",
                     "terms": ""
@@ -49851,6 +74555,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "name": "Bicycle Rental",
                     "terms": ""
                 },
+                "amenity/boat_rental": {
+                    "name": "Boat Rental",
+                    "terms": ""
+                },
                 "amenity/cafe": {
                     "name": "Cafe",
                     "terms": "coffee,tea,coffee shop"
@@ -49905,7 +74613,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 },
                 "amenity/fuel": {
                     "name": "Gas Station",
-                    "terms": ""
+                    "terms": "petrol,fuel,propane,diesel,lng,cng,biodiesel"
                 },
                 "amenity/grave_yard": {
                     "name": "Graveyard",
@@ -49973,11 +74681,11 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 },
                 "amenity/ranger_station": {
                     "name": "Ranger Station",
-                    "terms": "visitor center,permit center,backcountry office"
+                    "terms": "visitor center,visitor centre,permit center,permit centre,backcountry office"
                 },
                 "amenity/restaurant": {
                     "name": "Restaurant",
-                    "terms": "bar,cafeteria,café,canteen,chophouse,coffee shop,diner,dining room,dive*,doughtnut shop,drive-in,eatery,eating house,eating place,fast-food place,greasy spoon,grill,hamburger stand,hashery,hideaway,hotdog stand,inn,joint*,luncheonette,lunchroom,night club,outlet*,pizzeria,saloon,soda fountain,watering hole"
+                    "terms": "bar,cafeteria,café,canteen,chophouse,coffee shop,diner,dining room,dive*,doughtnut shop,drive-in,eatery,eating house,eating place,fast-food place,fish and chips,greasy spoon,grill,hamburger stand,hashery,hideaway,hotdog stand,inn,joint*,luncheonette,lunchroom,night club,outlet*,pizzeria,saloon,soda fountain,watering hole"
                 },
                 "amenity/school": {
                     "name": "School",
@@ -50005,12 +74713,16 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 },
                 "amenity/townhall": {
                     "name": "Town Hall",
-                    "terms": "village hall,city government,courthouse,municipal building,municipal center"
+                    "terms": "village hall,city government,courthouse,municipal building,municipal center,municipal centre"
                 },
                 "amenity/university": {
                     "name": "University",
                     "terms": "college"
                 },
+                "amenity/vending_machine": {
+                    "name": "Vending Machine",
+                    "terms": ""
+                },
                 "amenity/waste_basket": {
                     "name": "Waste Basket",
                     "terms": "rubbish bin,litter bin,trash can,garbage can"
@@ -50247,6 +74959,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "name": "Steps",
                     "terms": "stairs,staircase"
                 },
+                "highway/stop": {
+                    "name": "Stop Sign",
+                    "terms": "stop sign"
+                },
                 "highway/tertiary": {
                     "name": "Tertiary Road",
                     "terms": ""
@@ -50387,6 +75103,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "name": "Leisure",
                     "terms": ""
                 },
+                "leisure/common": {
+                    "name": "Common",
+                    "terms": "open space"
+                },
                 "leisure/dog_park": {
                     "name": "Dog Park",
                     "terms": ""
@@ -50423,6 +75143,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "name": "Basketball Court",
                     "terms": ""
                 },
+                "leisure/pitch/skateboard": {
+                    "name": "Skate Park",
+                    "terms": ""
+                },
                 "leisure/pitch/soccer": {
                     "name": "Soccer Field",
                     "terms": ""
@@ -50443,6 +75167,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "name": "Slipway",
                     "terms": ""
                 },
+                "leisure/sports_center": {
+                    "name": "Sports Center",
+                    "terms": "gym"
+                },
                 "leisure/stadium": {
                     "name": "Stadium",
                     "terms": ""
@@ -50475,6 +75203,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "name": "Lighthouse",
                     "terms": ""
                 },
+                "man_made/observation": {
+                    "name": "Observation Tower",
+                    "terms": "lookout tower,fire tower"
+                },
                 "man_made/pier": {
                     "name": "Pier",
                     "terms": ""
@@ -50527,6 +75259,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "name": "Coastline",
                     "terms": "shore"
                 },
+                "natural/fell": {
+                    "name": "Fell",
+                    "terms": ""
+                },
                 "natural/glacier": {
                     "name": "Glacier",
                     "terms": ""
@@ -50543,6 +75279,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "name": "Peak",
                     "terms": "acme,aiguille,alp,climax,crest,crown,hill,mount,mountain,pinnacle,summit,tip,top"
                 },
+                "natural/scree": {
+                    "name": "Scree",
+                    "terms": "loose rocks"
+                },
                 "natural/scrub": {
                     "name": "Scrub",
                     "terms": ""
@@ -50659,6 +75399,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "name": "Disused Railway",
                     "terms": ""
                 },
+                "railway/halt": {
+                    "name": "Railway Halt",
+                    "terms": "break,interrupt,rest,wait,interruption"
+                },
                 "railway/level_crossing": {
                     "name": "Level Crossing",
                     "terms": "crossing,railroad crossing,railway crossing,grade crossing,road through railroad,train crossing"
@@ -50713,7 +75457,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 },
                 "shop/beauty": {
                     "name": "Beauty Shop",
-                    "terms": ""
+                    "terms": "nail spa,spa,salon,tanning"
                 },
                 "shop/beverages": {
                     "name": "Beverage Store",
@@ -50805,7 +75549,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 },
                 "shop/garden_centre": {
                     "name": "Garden Center",
-                    "terms": ""
+                    "terms": "garden centre"
                 },
                 "shop/gift": {
                     "name": "Gift Shop",
@@ -50839,6 +75583,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "name": "Laundry",
                     "terms": ""
                 },
+                "shop/locksmith": {
+                    "name": "Locksmith",
+                    "terms": "keys"
+                },
                 "shop/mall": {
                     "name": "Mall",
                     "terms": ""
@@ -50871,6 +75619,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "name": "Pet Store",
                     "terms": ""
                 },
+                "shop/photo": {
+                    "name": "Photography Store",
+                    "terms": ""
+                },
                 "shop/shoes": {
                     "name": "Shoe Store",
                     "terms": ""
@@ -50885,7 +75637,7 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                 },
                 "shop/supermarket": {
                     "name": "Supermarket",
-                    "terms": "bazaar,boutique,chain,co-op,cut-rate store,discount store,five-and-dime,flea market,galleria,mall,mart,outlet,outlet store,shop,shopping center,shopping plaza,stand,store,supermarket,thrift shop"
+                    "terms": "bazaar,boutique,chain,co-op,cut-rate store,discount store,five-and-dime,flea market,galleria,grocery store,mall,mart,outlet,outlet store,shop,shopping center,shopping centre,shopping plaza,stand,store,supermarket,thrift shop"
                 },
                 "shop/toys": {
                     "name": "Toy Store",
@@ -51019,6 +75771,10 @@ iD.introGraph = '{"n185954700":{"id":"n185954700","loc":[-85.642244,41.939081],"
                     "name": "Foot Route",
                     "terms": ""
                 },
+                "type/route/hiking": {
+                    "name": "Hiking Route",
+                    "terms": ""
+                },
                 "type/route/pipeline": {
                     "name": "Pipeline Route",
                     "terms": ""